The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1855-10-16 00:00:00

'HE WAR. -,;..-_ THE movementsOf the opposing hosts in the Crimea appear to be complicated and marked by caution. The Russians seem to be acting entirely on the defensive, although they keep up so severe a fire from the northern forts as to cause serious annoyance to the allies in some portions of the captured city. From this cause it has, in the meantime, been deemed prudent to abandon the Karabalnaia suburb. This is understood to be of little importance, as the suburb in question had been pre viously so smashed and riddled by the shot and shell poured into it by the. Allies, as to render it of small present value as a place of shelter. In the different portions of Sebastopol, the French and English divisions are busily employed in the col lection of timber for firewood and roofing, and in the refitting and perfecting of places of shelter for the troops. In the allied camps, considerable activity has prevailed, and still continues to be manifested in the completing of new dis positions of the troops rendered necessary by the altered posi tion of the belligerent armies. Every present appearance seems to point in direction of important field operations before the bad weather of the Crimean winter sets in. Roads and other means of communication between the harbours and the camp occupy, as they ought to do, active attention, and it is expected and hoped that, warned by the disasters of last winter, our army will be better prepared to meet the severities of the season. The Russians maintain a dogged and sullen attitude of hos tility on the north shore of the harbour of Sebastopol, and they appear still busy in further strengthening their position there. THE ALLIES IN SEBASTOPOL. Writing on the 25th ult. from the camp before Sebastopol, the correspondent of the Times says : There is no sign of any present intention on the part of the enemy to abandon their position on the north side. The cele rity with which they throw up and finish the most formidable looking redoubts on the land and sea sides is astonishing. They are admirable diggers, and Marshal Turenne, I believe it was, who was wont to say that as many battles were won by the spade as by the musket. The fire across the roads in creases in frequency and severity every day, and we have to record the loss of two men in the Buffs, and a few trifling casualties from the enemy's guns, but the mortars of the French must have caused serious injury and impediment to the Russian workmen, and have greatly damaged their magazines. THE FIRE FROM THE NORTHERN FORTS. The Anglo-French commission sits daily, and is busy ap portioning the spoils of war found in the town, The number of guns of all kinds captured exceeds 4,000; immense quanti ties of small arms have been carried off by the soldiers and sold, but there are still piles of them remaining. As the Russians lost 18,000 men between the morning of the sth and the gening of the Bth of September, it is likely that we capturedlat least 18,000 stand of arms, not to mention the muskets in store, &c., which belonged to men rendered hors de combat during the preceding part of the siege. The com mission acts on the principle of dividing the spoils in propor tion to the number of men actually borne on the strength of the respective armies in the camps before Sebastopol. Their labours were interrupted the other day by a Russian shell, which scarcely gave them time to adjudicate on the proprietor ship of its splinters, as it burst as soon as it fell through the roof of the building in which they were sitting. If the Rus sians are spiteful, they will open fire some fine day on the town and make it too hot to hold us ; indeed the Buffs are to be withdrawn for the present, and the strength of the French in the town has been diminished, as a useless display of force only drew the fire of the enemy's batteries. Brigadier- General Windham, our Governor of Sebastopol, is assisted by an active little staff. The duties of the Governor are not very onerous, and the population of his district is essentially mi gratory and nomadic. Five hundred artillerymen were added to the garrison of the town some days ago. Are we to invest the north side or not ? If so, when do we begin ? We may stay in our present position till the crack of doom, and the Russians will remain in theirs, and the war may thus go on for half a century. PREPARATIONS FOR WINTER.—FORMATION OF ROADS. The great road from Kadikoi to the camp gets on but slowly, but a really great work is in the course of execution in cutting a kind of canal for the waters of the streamlet which runs through the fiat, marshy land close by the railway be ween Kadikoi and the top of the harbour. This work will materially tend to the strength and efficiency of the railway in winter, and will carry off the surface water which turned the whole of this marsh into a lake in winter. The Sardinians are at work on the railway from the Woronzoff road to the main line at Kadikoi. The French have not yet done any thing towards the execution of the line laid down by Mr. Campbell from the Col de Balaklava to Kamiesch. Balaklava has ceased to exist. There are only some dozen of the origi nal houses left scattered here and there amid iron storehouses, mountainous piles of wood, heaps of coal, of corn, of forage, of shot and shell, and of stores multitudinous. The harbour is trenched upon by new quays and landing places, and two long woodden jetties project far into its waters at the shallow head of the harbour, and render good service in taking the pressure off the quays at the waterside. And yet, with all this huge accumulation of stores, such a ravenous devouring animal is an army that there are some fears that we shall run short of fuel and of flour during the winter. It is astounding to hear that not a sack of flour fit for our purposes can be found in the East, and Sir George Maclean, the indefatigable Commissary- Oeneral, has been obliged to send by telegraph to England for 4,000 11?-gs of that necessary. At the present moment the quantity of corn issued daily for horses, mules, and ponies 271 the .English army is not less than 280,0001 b. The fine weather will enable us to clear the quays in Balaklava, and to accumulate stores at our divisional depots, but steps must speedily be taken to protect these stores from the WM§ of rain and storm. There is very little news, and Very little stirring in the British camp. The Duke of Newcastle went to Eupatoria tr. board one of the ships, and has just returned. Notwithstanding the cessation of the most arduous duties of the army, and the improvement, or rather the creation of roads, the teachings of experience, and all the efforts of the authorities, I believe there will be much hardship and suffer ing, incidental, and inseparable, perhaps, from the position of our army during the winter, even if they are all hutted. At present there is not a twentieth of the men in huts. It will be hard work to make up for lost time should the huts arrive in time, and our officers are taking an exceedingly wise step in sending into Sebastopol for wood. The soldiers are ex ceedingly healthy, and we have escaped, thank God, the dis eases of the Crimean September in a wonderful manner. There is no excitement in front; the Russians are immovable. in their position at Mackenzie's Farm. The principal streets of Sebastopol have lost the charm of novelty and possession. Even Cathcart's-hill is deserted, except by the look-out officer" for the day, or by a few wandering strangers and visitors. THE WOUNDED.—LIEUT.-GENERAL MARKHAM. Many of the wounded are, I grieve to say, in a very preca rious way ; but as there are most extraordinary cases, where the surgeons utterly despaired, still going on favourably, let no one banish hope who has a friend or relative to care for. Sometimes, but rarely, a slight wound turns out fatal, and the most dangerous wounds heal, and the most extensive injuries are not always deadly. It is certain that Lieutenant-General Markham is going home ; his health is much impaired, and he feels no longer equal to the duties of a divisional general. The extreme and unrelenting rapidity with which he hastened from India to the Crimea laid the seeds of disease and suffer ing, which the anxieties of command out here have deve loped, and he leaves amid the regrets of the army—a stage on which it was expected he would have been no second-rate or inconsiderable actor. It is probable that Major-General Garrett, formerly of the 46th Regiment, will succeed him in the command of the second division, and that Brigadier-General Windham will remain in command of the English portion of Sebastopol. MONDAY, Sept. 24.—1 f there is any intention on the part of the Commanders-in-Chief to make any use of the short autumnal or second summer, or whatever else the few weeks of fine weather which precede the Crimean winter may be called, it is so close a secret that the execution of it will cause lively dissatisfaction, and great discomfort, especially among the " hutters t " and " the great hutting interest." Men have made up their minds not only to rest, but to peace ; and a real bon-mot of the Duke of Newcastle, to the effect that there will be peace before Christmas, is in every one's mouth. There are rumours in camp further, that there is a short and s imple letter from head-quarters in Downing-street, via elec tric telegraph, to spare the docks of Sebastopol, and to leave the public buildings untouched. The cannon ball and shell have flown faster than the lightning, and these stately objects of solicitud6 are all in ruins. THE FIRE FROM THE NORTH AND SOUTH OF SEBASTOPOL. In reference to the present state of the town, and the effect of the fire on both sides, the correspondent of the Daily News, writing from the camp before Sebastopol, on the 29th ult., says:-- The period since the last mail left has been very unproduc tive of events. There is scarcely anything to record beyond the continued bombardment of the north side, and the in creasing fire of the enemy against the town and Karabelnaia on the south side. The fire against the latter suburb has so much increased, that, although little mischief has been done beyond the further destruction of houses already in ruins, it has been thought prudent to abandon it for the present. It does not prevent, however, the fatigue parties going for timber, firewood, roofing, and numberless articles of building materials and furniture, to be employed in hutting and making snug against the inclemency of the ensuing winter. A few acci dents have occurred. One day, two Croatians, in charge of baggage animals, were wounded by fragments of a shell. On another occasion two horses returning from the town with loads of wood, were both killed by one and the same round shot. The Russians are employing sunk guns, and by their means are enabled to throw shot into the Malakoff, and some little distance beyond it. They have the advantage of position, for on the north side the line of hills is both more lofty, and rises more directly from the shore of the roadstead, than happens on the south side. The comparatively flat ground on which the Xarabelnaia is placed, and the low rounded hills occupied by the town of Sebastopol, becoming still lower as they approach the sea-coast to the westward, doubtless caused the preference over the north side for their establishment. On the other hand, the superior projectile power in our pos session, from the large 13-inch mortars, enables us to cast the heaviest metal as far as can be necessary. Already the French on the right are causing serious annoyance to the enemy in the Star Fort, and this work is placed on the highest point in the ridge of the opposite line of mountain. Although a sunk fort, it can be seen to contain very extensive buildings, appa rently ranges of store houses or barracks. Near the centre a house stands by itself, and from_ its supe r i or h e i g h t and gene ral character, appea rs to be the residence heavy h of tcheagrree wrnitohr.gTrehaet French have b een throwing shells o accuracy into this fort, and on the 27th in_stan t, succe e d e d i n setting one of the buildings o n fire. The flames were speedily extinguished. The enemy has not made use of any large mortars on the opposite side, except one at Fort Constantine, which is chiefly directed at present against the quarter of Se bastopol held by the French. THE NORTH SIDE.—A RUSE. Since the bombardment against the north side has become more active, the movements of troops and passage of vehicles have greatly diminished. Altogether it wears a very deserted aspect. The canvas town, or Russian Kadikoi, has quite dis appeared, and nothing remains but the usual melancholy aspect of a deserted camp. Many of the square tents, sup- posed to be ambulances, including all those iu the line of our fire, have been removed. Since the 22nd inst., the large camps beyond Inkerman have also become considerably lessened in extent. On the day previous, a small body of French troops left for Eupatoria. The occasion was taken advantage of to send also a number of British vessels in the same direction, and as the sailors on deck were for the time converted into marines as far as dress was concerned, the Russian scouts evidently took for granted that a combined force was being despatched for the purpose of carrying on some active hostili ties in that direction. The next day a large force was ob served to leave the north camp, and a body of troops was also seen by some of our ships to be marching in a northerly direc tion along the coast. False alarms of this nature must tend greatly to harass the enemy. It was generally imagined in the camps that this ruse was intended to disguise some pro jected movement towards the Mackenzie heights, but no ope ration of the kind took place. OPERATIONS OF THE FLEET. In reference to the services of the fleet, The Times' corre spondent, writing from the camp before Sebastopol, on the 25th ult., says : All our gallant sailors, from the admirals downwards, feel acutely the difficulties and ingloriousness of the position in which they have been placed. They had hoped, indeed, to co operate with the land forces in the fortunate attack on Sebas topol on the Bth of September ; but the violent wind and high sea which sprang up early on the morning of that day forbade them to raise an anchor ; nor could such a large fleet have been set in motion in the bad weather that prevailed, and di rected against the narrow entrance of Sebastopol, without the certainty of collision and the risk of fatal confusion. Orders were given the night before to have steam up early and to give the crews dinner at eleven o'clock, and it was fondly hoped the men would have been engaged soon after noon. They were destined, however, to be again spectators, auditores tanium, of the struggle. In the recent short cruise to and from Eupatoria the fleet could not discern any traces of the Russians north of the Alma. They could not make out a convoy, or even a single tent, all along the coast and the adjacent coun try, which can be swept by the telescope for several miles in land. It would seem, indeed, as if the Russians did not use the Perekop road to any great extent, or that their convoys made a detour towards the east, in order to avoid any flying column from Eupatoria. Possibly they send most of their supplies down by the Tchongar road, and there is every rea son to believe that the Russians have established another route between Perekop and Tchongar, for the purpose of advance or retreat. I have heard that some time back Capt. Sherard Osborne with one man in a punt passed up the Straits of Ge nitchi, and pushed along through the rushes in the pestilential salt marshes up to Tchongar Bridge, which he observed mi nutely, and that he saw enough to satisfy him that an immense proportion of the Russian supplies were carried into the Crimea by that route. Perekop is quite safe from the seaside. The Spitfire was not able to get very near to the land, but, to make assurance doubly sure, the enemy take the road south between the Staroe and Crasnoe lakes, instead of going between the sea coast and Staroe. The route becomes, however, matter of indifference, if we are not to make any offensive movement ; and, although some people hug the hope that the Czar will not be able to feed his army during the winter, the quantity of stores piled up on the north side is, to my mind, a guarantee for their disappointment. POSITION OF THE ALLIED ARMIES. The correspondent of the same journal, in his letter from the camp of the Allies on the Tchernaya, dated 29th ult., observes :—The taking of the Malakhofl was a surprise for the Russians which forced them to evacuate the town rather more precipitately than they expected. The fall of Sebastopol seems to have been a surprise for the allies, which found them un prepared to take immediate advantage of it. Twelve months of siege operations, carried on on a space scarcely exceeding ten square miles , and in a country where they must entirely rely on sea transport for all the necessaries of life, has had a prejudicial effect on their movement, while the sad experiences of last year have made them very cautious how to advance in an inhospitable Taurida, and how to go to any distance from the place where their supplies have been so laboriously collected. Besides this, now, in the face of active field operations, the paralysing influence of a divided commandership makes itself doubly felt. The position of the allied armies has since the fall of Sebastopol materially very little altered. They form now on this side one long line, which runs nearly straight from west to east, beginning at the harbour of Sebastopol, and following the course of the Tchernaya to Alsu, then going over to the plateau to the south of Ozembash, and crowning the heights which enclose the valley of Baidar to the north, up to the point where the road leads from Bazu over Siurnikaia mountain to the upper Belbeck. The French, who occupy this position to our extreme right, are thus in possesion of the heights which lead out of the valley of Baidar to the rear of the Russians. They hold the two only roads, one to the right, which goes to Markoul and Koluluz, and the other to the left, which runs by Ozembash into the Tchouliou valley, and from there to the defiles of Aitodar and Mangup Kale. The Rus .sians are still down at Markul, which is situate in the gorge formed by one of the feeders of the Belbek. They are, however, evidently only a strong grande garde, a few battalions, and the usual accompaniment of Cossacks. Towards Ozembash the Russian outposts hold the plateau on the right bank of the little stream of Upu, overlooking the head of the Tchouliou val ley. The outposts on both sides are so close to each other that shots are continually exchanged between them. The features of the country are particularly fit for such encounters, the heights being covered with brushwood, and the little ravines on all sides facilitating the approach of both parties. Both the roads which lead up from the Valley of Baidar to the north are only country roads, and, of course, nearly impassable in winter or after rain. Having taken up this offensive position, the French, with their usual foresight, have begun to make them both practicable for the march of an army. All these positions have been occupied by the French without anything worth the name of a fight. They were only occupied by Cossack videttes, Iwho, as usual, at the approach of a force, retired. We have evidently not come to the line which the Russians intend to I defend, a OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. WAR DEPARTMENT, OCt. 8. Lord Panmure has this day received a despatch and its en closures, of which the following are copies, addressed to his Lordship by General Simpson : SZBASTOPOL, Sept. 25. My Loral , —l have the honour to transmit the report of the principal medical officer for this week, as well as for the week ending the 18th of September, which, by mistake, I omitted to send before. Your Lordship will read with satisfaction that the health of the army is all that can be desired ; and the marked improve ment since the arduous night duties have ceased is very apparent. The troops continue to be employed in the construction of the roads, and in making preparations for the winter, which are greatly facilitated by the fineness of the weather. The enemy have commenced firing into the town, and the troops stationed there for the purpose of peforming fatigue duties have been in consequence withdrawn. Large quantities of timber and building material are daily taken from the houses by our troops.—l have, &c., JAMES SIMPSON, General Commanding. The Lord Panmure, &c. WAR DEPARTMENT, Oct. 11. Lord Panmure has this day received a despatch and its enclosures, of which the following are copies, addressed to his Lordship by General Simpson : SEBASTOPOL, Sept. 29. MY Loan,—Since my last despatch the troops have been employed, to the number of 9,500 men, daily, in making the road from Balaklava to the camp ; and as, after a few hours of rain, the whole distance is converted into a mass of deep mud, the work that has to be performed, from this reason as well as the great distance that the stones have to be transported, renders it one of great labour and difficulty. Large fatigue parties are daily employed in the town, dis mantling and conveying timber and other materials from the ruins of the buildings, and I hope by this means to get a con siderable portion of the troops under cover previous to the commencement of the bad weather. The enemy have been firing from the batteries on the north side at the working parties in the town, and, although causing some little annoyance, they have not prevented the work being carried on, and I am happy to add that one man killed and one wounded are the only casualties occasioned by their fire. I regret to have to report to your lordship that, owing to the explosion of a Russian magazine on the 27th instant, one officer and 19 men were wounded. I ordered an investigation to be made, and, from the report I have received, the origin was from the explosion of a hidden fougasse, a number of Which have been dug up in various parts of the town and I batteries. . The invention of this machine is peculiarly Russian. I have received a letter from Lieutenant-Colonel Ready, 71st Regiment, commanding her Majesty's troops at Yenikale, reporting the proceedings of a trifling affair, in which a detachment of the 10th Hussars, in company with the Chas seurs d'Afrique, were engaged on the 21st instant, with the Cossacks. _ _ Colonel D'Osmont, commanding the French troops at Kertch, received information that the Cossacks were collect ing and driving away all, the arabas from the neighbourhood, and, as he determined td endeavour to prevent this, he invited the assistance of the English cavalry to co-operate with the Chasseurs d'Afrique. For this service Lieutenant-Colonel Ready ordered two troops, commanded by Captains the Hon. F. Fitz Clarence and Clarke, of the 10th Hussars. The Cossacks were supposed to have assembled their arabas at two villages, named Koss-Serai Min and Seit Ali, equidis tant from Kertch about fifteen miles, and from one another six and a-half. Captain Fitz Clarence's troop was ordered to the first village, and Captain Clarke's to the latter. At each of these villages they were to join a troop of the Chasseurs d'Afrique, who had preceded them. On arriving at Koss- Serai Min, Captain Fitz Clarence found both troops of the French Dragoons, and immediately sent off an order to Captain Clarke to join him that night ; the letter was unfortunately not delivered until the following morning. In complying with this order Captain Clarke, whose troop consisted only of thirty four men, fell in with a body of about fifty Cossacks, which he immediately charged and pursued ; but, as they were soon reinforced by upwards of 300, he was forced to retire upon the village, with a loss of his sergeant-major, farrier, and thirteen men taken prisoners. Captain Fitz Clarence's troop, with the Chasseurs, the whole under the command of the officer commanding the French troops, having seen a large body of the enemy, skirmished with them at some distance, and moved in the direction of the vil lage of Serai Min, where, after having joined Captain Clarke's troop, the whole force commenced their march upon Kertch. At about the distance of half a mile from the village they were attacked by a large body of Cossacks, who were, however, beaten back by repeated charges. The loss of the 10th Hussars consisted of— _ _ . ------ Two privates, supposed to have been killed. One wounded. One troop sergeant-major, one farrier, thirteen men, fifteen horses missing. From information that has since been received the Cossacks were supported, within a quarter of an hour's march, by eight squadrons of Hussars and eight guns. Colonel Ready informs me that nothing could exceed the coolness and courage of the troops in the presence of such overwhelming numbers of the enemy, who were only kept at bay by their steady movements. I have the honour to enclose the list of casualities. The health of the army, I am rejoiced to say, is excellent. 1 have, &c., JAMES SIMPSON, General Commanding. The Lord Panmure, &c. The total casualties are 1 rank and file killed; 1 officer, 1 sergeant, 19 rank and file wounded. THE LiVERrooL STANDARD. TELEGRAPHIC REPORTS. THE ALLIES BEFORE ODESSA. BERLIN, Oct. 8, Prince Gortschakoff reports on the lth : The enemy's fleet, consisting of eight ships of the line and 27 steamers, with other vessels, weighed anchor this morning, and proceeded to the north-west. BERLIN, Oct, 10. Prince Gortschakoff has telegraphed to St. Petersburg that the enemy's fleet (the allies'), which left Kamiesch on the 7th, appeared off Odessa, early in the morning of the Bth instant, and anchored there. BERLIN, Thursday Evening. Letters received from Odessa state that the population is in the utmost terror. The fate of Sebastopol has deprived them of confidence. All those who can are leaving the town. A decree from the Czar is just made public, dated in August last, ordering the construction of railroads from Charkov to Kaffa, by Ghenitchi and Arabat ; and another from Ghenitchi to Sebastopol, by Simpheropol and Baktchi-Serai. VIENNA, Thursday Evening, Oct. 11. A band of Montenegrins has made an irruption into the Herzegowina, and in doing so has violated the Austrian terri tory near Krivoscia. PARIS, Friday. A despatch from Prince Gortschakoff, dated the 9th inst., has been received at St. Petersburg. It is to the following effect:-- The enemy has advanced from Eupatoria towards Perekop, but retired on meeting the advanced posts of our left flank. THE BALTIC. A letter from Rear-Admiral Penaud, dated Nargen, Oct. 2, renders an account of an expedition carried out in the Gulf of Bothnia, by the corvette d'Assas and the English steamers Tartar and Harrier. These vessels captured 11 Russian vessels anchored at Biornabord, one of which was a steamer, and eight other vessels in the fiords. These prizes are of the aggregate burden of 2,500 tons. A letter from Stockholm, of the 30th ult., says :—Letters from Helsingfors state that the Russians are preparing with the greatest activity the fortifications of Sweaborg, which were so dreadfully damaged by the bombardment of the 9th and 10th August. They are establishing new powder-magazines in the rock, in order to avoid the risk of new explosions ; the storehouses which were in wood are being built of stone ; the arsenal, which was completely destroyed, is to be placed in a more protected position ; the barracks, which before the bombardment were capable of containing 10,000 men, are being enlarged, and an attempt is to be made to fortify the Isle of Drunsio. General de Berg, the military governor, has visited the rock of Longom, in which the French established a battery, to see if it will not be possible to construct during the winter a sort of citadel there. were as far as possible rendered - useless, and the powder maga zines, as well as the city itself, set on fire. After all the troops had crossed to the north side of the harbour the bridge was removed. On the 9th of September, after the evacuation of thetity, the Batterits No. 7, No. - 8, and No. 10 exploded ; tha Paul Battery wteblown up, as well as the small quantity of powder in the Xicholas Battery. Thus, after 349 days' obstinate defence of a city surrounded hastily, and in sight of the enemy, with field works, and presenting between its different parts natural obstacles like the South Creek and the harbour, the garrison evacuated the city without being molested. The enemy still under the im pression of the bloody opposition he had met during the day, did not even think of pursuing us. Our passage to the north side of the city cost us only a few men. A note states that the number of magazines blown up was 35. The Journal des Debats of the 11th 'has an article on the probable intentions of Marshal Pelissier. It says that the corps d'armee of Eupatoria constitutes the extreme left of the general system of operations of the allies. This corps menaces the right of the Russians and the centre of their communica tions with Southern Russia. The Russian army maintains for the present its right at the northern forts of Sebastopol ; its centre in the fortifications of the Mackenzie heights, oppo site the lower course of the Tchernaya ; and its left on the heights above Tchorgoum, which are occupied by the Piedmon tese. The Russian left appears at present greatly menaced by the movements of the right wing of the allies in the mountains of Baidar. Prince Gortschakoff's despatches allude to some combat which had enabled the allies to come down from the moun tains and force themselves a passage. It appears distinctly, from the Russian despatches, that the allies, after extending their operations from the mountains of the Baidar to the val ley of the Upper Belbec, had left the Upper Belbec. This last circumstance denotes a marked progress of the allies on the left wing of the Russians to surround them. The Belbec, in fact, flows at three or four leagues to the rear of the Mackenzie. If the object of Marshal Pelissier is to prolong his right wing to the Belbec, he will not attempt to establish himself on the upper course of that river before having driven the enemy from Aitodor. At present all the right wing of the army has taken possession of the mountain on the extreme left of the Russian wing, which is even fortifying itself in the most im portant passages, and arming redoubts on commanding posi tions, and is forming roads to facilitate the arrival of provi sions and ammunition. These measures seem to indicate that the army thinks of establishing itself, during the bad season, on the line from Sebastopol to the Upper Belbec. PUBLIC FEELING IN ST. PETERSBURG.—SinCe the whole of the court quitted our capital, and the principal ministers accompanied the Emperor to Moscow, there has been re ceived here no news respecting events in the Crimea. Com plete uncertainty and melancholy sadness prevail ; and it is at St. Petersburg especially that the boyards most manifest their discontent. Reviews and parades cherished their war like ardour. These have ceased, and the absence of the high functionaries, civil and military, who have followed the Emperor, leaves the nobles at leisure to consider the difficulty in which Russia has been placed by the war of the East. Hence their discouragement, which manifests itself openly in their words. Moreover, adding to their discontent, certain pamphlets pass more easily from hand to hand, and cherish these melancholy feelings. The discontent, it is impossible to deny, has reached the lowest classes of the population, and the peasants are now seeking to escape the conscription. This is not all. A practice which has been rare in the Russian army is extending itself on a large scale—l mean the deser tion of soldiers, which has become so marked that the government has considered it necessary to adopt measures and apply penalties which are quite unusual, against those who desert their colours.—Letter from St. Petersburg (Sept. 29). THE DEFENCE OF SEBASTOPOL. THE following summary of Prince Gortschakoff's report of the defence of Sebastopol, from the 17th of August to the 9th of September, is taken from the Journal de Petersbourg : On the 17th of August the enemy opened against the fau bourg of Karabelnaia a double fire of artillery, horizontal and vertical, which was continued through twenty days. Our loss during this period amounted on the first day to 1,500 men, on those following to 1,000; and from the 22nd of August to the sth of September to 500 or 600 men every twenty-four hours. This cannonade, kept up from the distant batteries, as well as from those at a very short distance from the line of defence, produced the most disastrous effect on our works; the ram parts and batteries, repaired every night under a heavy fire, crumbled down at last after a few shots; the parapets fell in large masses into the ditches, and works which had cost in credible sacrifices and toil were again destroyed. To the left of the Karabelnaia, which was more particularly injured by the enemy, the Bastion No. 2 was reduced every evening to a heap of ruins, and none of its guns could be fired freely; we were compelled to transfer to the second line of defence, which was still entire, the battery of twelve guns established on the left slope of the Malakhoff Hill; and even this second line suffered no less than the left face of the Kornileff Bastion, against which the enemy directed the heaviest fire. The proximity of the approaches of the enemy, which al most touched the outward ditches of our works ; the irrepa rable damage done to the line of defences, and, above all, the loss sustained by the garrison from the fire of the enemy, which was rendered still heavier by the necessity of employing a constantly increasing number of men as labourers; all these circumstances united convinced the Commander-in-Chief of the indispensable necessity of putting an end to a now useless effusion of blood, by abandoning to the enemy the city of Se bastopol, reduced to heaps of stones and ashes. But this evacuation, in face of a hostile force of a hundred thousand men, whose approaches already touched our line of fortifica tions, presented the greatest difficulties, and imposed the ne cessity of selecting for the operation a particularly favourable opportunity. The report here repeats more in detail the effect of the feu infernal of the allies on the Russian works ; the falling ram parts filled up the ditches; and it was impossible to do more than secure the powder magazines by covering them with earth. From the sth to the Bth of September, the report states that the loss of the garrison was 4 superior officers, 47 subal terns, and 3,917 men. After describing the arrangements made on receiving notice that the troops of the allies were as eembling in the trenches in front of the Malakhoff, Prince Gortschakoff adds : On the Bth of September, at 11 30 a.m., the enemy rushed precipitately from their saps against the angles of the Kornileff Bastion and Bastion No. 2. The ditches, filled up with the earth of the crumbled parapets, did not present any great obstacle to the assailants. They rushed into the Bastion No. 2, drove from it the battalions of the Regiment Olonet, and, after having spiked some of the guns, had gained the Ouschakoff Ravine, and the second line of defence ; but there Major Ynroschevitch, with a battalion of the Regiment Belozersk, repulsed them with the bayonet, and drove them beyond the parapet. The report states that the French were also repulsed from the 12-gun battery, into which they penetrated by the chevaux de frise, and then proceeds to the French grand attack of the Malakhoff Tower : The angle of the Kornileff Bastion (the Malakhoff) was attacked by an enormous mass of troops, by five French divisions, amounting to about 30,000 men. The advanced column entered the bastion by the left angle, and drove back from it the Regiment of Praga. The commander of this regiment, Colonel Freund, charged the French with several companies with the bayonet, and checked them ; but he was wounded, and the assaulting columns which continued to come up repulsed by a vigorous charge the regiments on the hill at the time, and the enemy held possession of the whole of its summit. Most of the commanders of regiments and battalions, as well as the officers, had been killed or wounded ; our troops kept their ground obstinately by the powder magazines nearest the tower and the battery that commanded Bastion No. 3 ; but about 2 p.m. they were compelled to yield to the superiority in number of the masses of the enemy, which continued to advance and occupy the hill ; our troops retired behind the gorge of the Malakhoff. The conflict on this point, where the adversaries were separated by the deep ditch and the rampart of the gorge, was maintained for a long time with obstinacy and fury ; the numerous columns of the enemy made several attempts to throw our troops back, but were each time repulsed with the bayonet. In the attack made at the same time on the Gervais Battery ,he French drove out of it the regiment of Chasseurs of his Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Michael. The report then describes the English attack on the Redan : At noon the English, advancing in skirmishing order, sus tained by strong reserves, rushed on the angle of Bastion No. 3. The Vladimir Regiment, thrown back at the first moment of the attack, but supported in time by companies of the Regiments Kamtschatka and Yakoutsk, charged the enemy with the bayonet, and repulsed those of the English who had already gained the parapet, and were setting fire to the fascines of. the sides of the embrasures. Lieutenant-General Pavloff, who expected a second attack of the bastion by the enemy, reinforced the troops of the defence by the Seleng hinsk Regiment, which formed the reserve. The enemy did renew the attack at the angle of the bastion, but was re pulsed by this regiment, under the command of Colonel Mezentsoff, who fell during the assault. A third attack by the enemy was repulsed with the same success as the two first. A portion of the assailants established themselves in the fosse, and directed from thence a sharp fire of musketry ; 48 volunteers of the Vladimir Regiment, under the command of Ensign Doubihvine, descended into the ditch, and drove the English out of it. The report details the incidents of the conflict on the city side of the Malakhoff. It appears only that the French did not advance beyond the works they had taken at noon, and several attempts to do so are described as having been foiled. At last, however,— The Commander-in-Chief proceeded himself to the second line of our intrenchments before the Malakoff-hill, and, finding the height occupied by large masses of French troops, in the rear of which there were strong reserves, he was convinced that the re-occupation of the Kornileff Bastion (the Malakhoff) would again necessitate immense sacrifices, As he had already decided on abandoning the city, he resolved to take advantage of the fact that the assault had been repulsed on every other point to execute this most difficult operation while the enemy was still exhausted by fatigue. Accordingly, he ordered Lieut.- General Schepeleff not to attack the Kornileff Bastion, but, at all hazards, to prevent the enemy from debouchiug from it in the direction of the city. These orders were punctually ex ecuted, notwithstanding all the efforts of the French to advance in front of the gorge of the bastion. Prince Gortschakoff then mentions the names of the officers who had distinguished themselves during the latter operations, and gives the number of killed and wounded during the day of the Bth of Sept.: it was 4 superior officers, 55 subalterns, and 2,625 men killed; wounded, 26 superior officers, 206 subal terns, and 5,826 men ; contused, 9 superior officers, 38 subal terns, and 1,138 men ; 24 officers and 1,739 men were missing. He thinks the loss of the allies in killed and wounded must have been enormous. The report then proceeds to the evacu ation : - - At four p.m. the Commander-in-Chief gave the order to commence the evacuation of the south side of Sebastopol at the fall of night, and for the transportation of the troops to the north side, partly by boats, partly by the bridges constructed in the bay. The operation was conducted in the following man ner :—The volunteers and part of the artillery were left on the line of defence, and kept up a slack fire from the guns and small arms. The lines of barricades previously constructed in the interior of the city were occupied on the right by the regi ments Tobolsk, Volhynia, and Minsk; on the left, by those of Azoff and Odessa. Covered by these troops in advance, the different corps formed behind them were marched in succession to the Nicholas-place, and thence crossed the creek by the bridge ; those from the Karabelnaia Faubourg were carried over in boats and steamers prepared by Vice-Admiral Nova silsky. When the troops had 11l quitted the Nicholas place and the Paulovsky point, and the wounded in the batteries of Nicholas and Paul had been transported to the north side, a signal was given, and the rest of the artil lery, the volunteers, and the troops occupying the bar ricades began to move towards the points of passage of the bay. As the last troops retired from the different points of the line of defence the heavy pieces of artillery on the works LIVERPOOL DOCK COMMITTEE. Tin weekly meeting was held on Thursday, Mr. Charles Turner in the chair. A conversation took place respecting the lunch to the Duke of Cambridge at the Albert Dock, several members complain ing that the committee, as a body, had not been invited. The chairman justified the course adopted as being according to precedent. CONSERVANCY OF THE RIVER. The CHAIRMAN intimated that he had received a letter from Mr. Walker, of London, intimating that, in consequence of a complaint of the owners of land on the other side of the river, of the tide washing away a considerable portion of their land, he had been directed by the board of conservancy to make some inquiry upon the subject. He stated he had applied to Mr. Hartley and Lieut. Lord to answer some in quiries respecting some matters of fact connected with the channels of the river, and that they declined answering them without his (the Chairman's) permission. He had written Mr. Walker word that there could be no objection to those gentlemen answering as to matters of fact. He was surprised to find afterwards that Mr. Walker had held a sort of inquiry in Lieut. Lord's office, of which he had no information, and that a number of gentlemen from Cheshire had been present at the inquiry ; and Mr. Walker had only written to the officers of the committee an hour before he commenced the inquiry, and they, not being authorised, were not in attend ance. After reading the correspondence referred to, and a kind of protest made against the proceedings by Mr. North, he continued to observe that he supposed, at first, the ques tions would be put to their officers privately, and he had not the slightest idea he intended to hold a public inquiry when none of their officers were present, and when he (the Chair man) had no intimation of it. Some desultory conversation ensued, after which the 'subject dropped. NEW WORKS AT BIRKENHEAD. The following report, which was furnished to the special committee of the council, as to the new works at Birkenhead, and which was re-referred by the council, to the dock com mittee, was read : Ig TO THE tItAIRMAS OE THE DOCK COMMITTEE. " Sir,—ln accordance with the resolution of the Dock Com mittee, of the 16th of August last, ' That the surveyor do prepare plans for such works upon the Birkenhead dock estate as may be necessary to make that estate most useful for the accomodation of trade and shipping, in connection with the Liverpool docks ;' and the carrying out of this resolution having, by thy instructions of the works committee, devolved upon me, I have now the honour of submitting two plans for your consideration, marked No. 1 and No. 2 respectively. " In laying these plans before you, I would respectfully beg to be permitted to make a few observations in elucidation thereof. In considering the question involved in your resolu tion, I have felt that the main end to be arrived at has been to obtain the greatest amount of most efficient accommodation at the least cost ; and, inasmuch as the large area of Wallasey Pool, with the great extent of land held in connection with its south side, may be most readily made available, the side walls having been constructed, and the principal part of the land abutting thereon having been formed and rendered useful for commercial purposes, it has appeared to me that the works which ought to be first carried into execution should be the formation of a proper communication between this pool and the river. "The description of communication to be thus formed is a question of the greatest importance, as upon its efficiency must in a great measure depend the extent of usefulness of the large property to which it will form the key ; and to this point I have consequently given the greatest consideration in my endeavour to prepare such a design as should afford the most convenient and easy access that the situation is capable of allowing. " It is a matter of considerable consequence in very many respects, that the level of the water in the pool should be sub ject to as little fluctuation as may be ; and it is, I believe, required by the Acts of Parliament sanctioning these works, that the level of the pool should never under ordinary circum stances be reduced below that of a thirteen-feet tide, as given by the published tide tables. This being so, it follows neces sarily that during all tides not rising to thirteen feet on the tables, vessels must be locked up in the pool; and as this is an operation requiring somewhat more time than under ordi nary circumstances, numerous entrances and deep sills are of time necessary, duringm or e w e i s i ipcehc vesselslly theml may y t t e e r n , t e t r o e d o d rd ep g a r r e t a t e length. In Plan No. 1, I have endeavoured to arrange the main entrance to the pool in such a manner as will meet these requirements, and afford the greatest convenience to the general class of shipping frequenting the port. " It will be seen that I propose to construct, in the first in stance, an open basin of about four and three-quarter acres area ; and opening from this in the line of its direction, three locks, of the various widths of 50 feet, 28 feet, and 80 feet — the former being adapted for the reception of the general class of sailing vessels, the middle one for the use of coasters and river craft, and the larger lock for the convenience of steamers and the largest class of shipping. This latter I have provided with a pair of intermediate gates, that the lock may be used for passing vessels of a medium size or for the general trade, without the loss of water which would otherwise occur. " The depths of the sills of these various entrances I pro pose to make as follows :—The sill of the 50-feet lock to be laid 12 feet below old dock sill ; the sill of the 28-feet lock to be laid 5 feet below old dock sill ; that of the 80-feet lock to be laid 10 feet below old dock sill. - " The level of the old dock sill being the datum from which the heights of the tides in the published tables are calculated, the depth of water on these sills at the lowest neap tides — say on a tide rising but nine feet by the tables—would con sequently be 21 feet on the first, 14 feet on the second, and 19 feet on the last; and it must be borne in mind that this is taking an extreme view of the case, as there have only been about six days in the whole of the present year during which the tides did not rise to 10 feet above the datum. "The entrance locks thus described are intended to open into an intermediate dock of about 8i acres area, which, it is proposed, shall be excavated to the depth of 18 feet below the old dock sill. Between this dock and the pool there will be a 50 feet and a 28 feet lock of similar size to those opening from the river, and a passage 80 feet in width. By means of these second locks we shall be enabled, during any great push of business, such as frequently occurs after a prevalence of earterly winds or bad weather, to work the intermediate dock as a half-tide basin, with but the minimum loss of water from the pool. The inner sills of the large inner locks, and those of the passage, I propose to lay at the depth of 8 feet below the old dock sill; the inner sill of the small lock at the depth of 1 foot below that datum. " The outer or open basin next to the river, I contemplate having excavated and provided with a flooring of masonry at th&depth of seventeen feet below the datum ; it will be sur rounded on its three walled sides with sewers and sluices, communicating with the pool so as to obtain both a direct and cross scouring power, and by these means, and keeping this basin of the smallest efficient dimensions, I am in hopes of being able to maintain the depth of water proposed to be made. The principal practical difficulty will, I expect, arise in keeping the platforms of the gates clear of sand sufficiently to prevent its circumference with their working. To obviate this difficulty as much as possible, I intend to lay those plat forms at a much lower level relative to the sill than has been usually the practice, and by excavating the dock deeper, keep ing the working parts of the gates higher than the platforms, and introducing a system of sluices in connection with the sills, in addition to those we have hitherto adopted. I am in duced to believe that with care on the part of those having the charge of them, these deep-water entrances may be worked with safety, and the difficulty feared be overcome. It will, however, be necessary to be prepared to lay all these locks and passages dry whenever such may be needed, in order to secure the efficiency and safety of the gates ; and I therefore propose to construct at both the inner and outward locks a capacious well, furnished in each case with a powerful steam engine. These wells will have a separate connection with each lock and possage, so that any one of them at any time may be pumped dry independent of the others, and by having caissons pre pared to suit a fifty-feet and an eighty-feet opening, which can be moved about and applied as circumstances require, the whole of the inner gates may also at any time be laid dry, to be overhauled .or repaired, without running the dock or the pool dry. " The works I have now described, and the construction of the wall at the east end of the pool, are those which, in my opinion, shosila first be carried into execution ; but it will be necessary that the whole of the pool should be excavated to the full depth intended at the same time ; and the same opportunity should be taken advantage of to complete the walls upon its nothern margin, to accomplish which full powers are, I understand, given by the present acts of parlia ment. It will also be advisable to construct the 70-feet lock which I have shown between what is now the Egerton Dock and the pool, so as to render the large area of the latter safe should any accident happen to the outer gates of the Alorpeth Dock. " At this stage of my description it may be well that I call your attention to the difference that exists between plans No. 1 and No. 2, as it applies entirely to those features of the design I have been hitherto explaining. "The principal of the two designs is the same, with this exception, that inasmuch as great stress has been laid upon the desirability of making preparation, in any works that might be contemplated at Birkenhead, for the reception of the very largest steam vessels yet built, I have made a design embracing that proposition, in which it will be seen that in place of the 80-feet lock, as shown upon plan No. 1, I have laid down a passage 120 feet in width, furnished with .double gates to retain the water, and a reserve gate to shut it out when necessary. The inner passage is in every respect, except in width, the same as in No. 1 plan. The double outer retaining gates are not proposed to act in any manner for lockage purposes, but merely as a safeguard against accidents, and to relieve each other from the full pressure. Whenever it may be necessary to lock a steamer of the largest class up into the pool, the intermediate dock must be used as a half-tide basin or lock, the opera tion being that this dock would be opened to the tide of the day whatever it might be, and upon the steamer entering and the outer gates being closed, the water in the dock, if lower than that in the pool, would be raised to the same level, and the steamer passed through. Ido not offer any opinion as to the policy of providing such accommodation, as that is a question entirely for the dock committee to decide ; but should it be their opinion that such is desirable, the plan I have the honour of submitting will, I think, meet the end in view, in the least objectionable form and in the most economical manner, but at the loss of some of the convenience to general trade that would be afforded by plan No. 1. In the depths of the sills and other like details there will not be any difference between the two designs. " The remaining features of the two plans are the same, and require but little explanation. " Whenever additional dock accommodation may be found necessary at Birkenhead, I should propose to provide it, in the first instance, upon the south reserve, and in connection with the existing docks, as shown upon the plans, but having en trances from the river distinct in every respect from those already described. The design before you provides a double river entrance, having openings 70 feet and 60 feet in width, giving access to a half-tide basin 52 acres in area : from this open two docks of a long and narrow character, of the respec tive areas of 62 and 74 acres; the former, or north dock, being distinct in itself, the latter joining to and forming an enlarge ment of the present Egerton Dock. In connection with this half-tide basin I have laid down the design for four graving docks of different capacities, which will, I imagine, be found an indispensable adjunct to any increase of trade at Birkenhead. " It will be seen, on reference to the plans, that these docks, as designed, will be most conveniently situated so far as regards the means of connecting their quays with the existing railways in that locality. "There only remains for me now to lay before you the esti mated cost of the works I have described, which is as follow : " PLAN NO. 1. The cost of the river basin, the three entrance locks, the intermediate dock, together with the minor locks and passage, the wall at the east end of the pool, together with the necessary bridges, culverts, &c., &c., are estimated at ab0ut...... ............ ......£595,500 The cost of the 70-feet lock between the pool and the Egerton Dock at about... The cost of the two docks and the half-tide basin upon the south reserve, at The cost of the four Graving Docks 60,600 .. 282,4.00 .. 116,500 Makin.. the total estimated cost about 1,055,000 The estimated cost of Plan No. 2, all the items above, excepting the first, remaining the same, will amout to about 1,078,000 " I have not entered at all into any estimate of the cost of excavating the pool or of building the wall along its north margin, as I am not in possession of such information as would enable him to do so ; and as it is a matter which has been already sanctioned by Parliament, and not proposed to conceive t i l n i a t theseit comes pla ns withinan any the scope of this inquiry. be altered lltehraevdeinalsaoriya bws abstained l ed donot including from design for docks upon the north reserve, as I am of opinion a considerable time must elapse before such can be needed; and nee ; and as, when that time arrives, the requirements of the trade may be different, I think it will be well to abstain from the appropriation of that ground for the present. " I may mention that the estimates which I have given you are based upon the calculation that all the surplus excavations are to be laid upon•the north reserve.—l am, sir, yours, very respectfully, . " JOHN B. HARTLEY. Dockyard, Liverpool, 4th Oct., 1855." At the suggestion of the Chairman, after a brief but desul tory conversation as to the plans, &c., the consideration of the report and plans was referred to the works sub-committee, the names of Mr. Brocklebank and Mr. Mann being added. Another resolution from the special committee of the Council was read, authorising Mr. Hartley to let the Birken head docks run dry, effecting the operation gradually, and executing the necessary repairs to the river wall at the north side of the Woodside basin. The sanction of the committee to Mr. Hartley's proceeding with the necessary repairs was then given, and the proeedings of the committee terminated. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE BALTIC, BY the United States mail steam-ship Baltic, Captain Com stock, which arrived on Sunday, we have intelligence from New York to the 3rd instant. She brought 174 passengers, and $249,162 in specie. The Pacific arrived at New York on the 3rd instant, having been detained outside the Hook all the previous night on ac count of a severe storm. The news of the fall of Sebastopol (says the New York Herald) took this city by surprise on Thursday, and spread with the greatest rapidity, and especially among the French and English residents of New York, who were greatly excited and rejoiced. At one place, in the vicinity of Wall-street, where the news was publicly read out to a promiscuous crowd of merchants, including some English and French business men, three hearty cheers were given for the fall of Sebastopol. On 'Change the great event formed the principal theme of conversation, and many mutual congratulations were ex changed. In the evening the usual resorts of our French ci tizens, including Delmonico's and several other restaurants, were crowded, and the greatest hilarity displayed, enhanced by the free use of champagne and other wines, which was kept up until a late hour of the night. The New York papers publish the charge of Judge Kane, of the United States district court at Philadelphia, to the jury in the case of Hertz and Perkins, tried upon the charge of violating the neutrality laws in enlisting men to serve in the British Foreign Legion. Hertz was convicted, but Perkins, who seems to have been a mere boaster, was acquitted. The judge alludes pointedly to the part taken by Mr. Crampton, the British envoy, who, he says, carefully American neutrality n .lit inge nious plan for violating the spirit of the Aica laws without incurring their penalty. linev es T s h eol e f. steam-ship t st p he will mw s d bu r r a ,e t w i s c hi 6e noo now cotmo n b p e sl l e * ; n t e g built hde,r al for ogstth w th i l e l Collinsbema g nificent34s feet on the broad line ; depth of hold 33 feet; breadth of beam 50 feet. _ _ _ . _ i contain r v m e r copiousy which extensive. xt detailse nraged s ive. - 01 ; o N t . ht ti n O idn r j l u e l a r9i n te s is, paperssustaine d ultimo. The tl Tb i the yh elt9h damageteh tneirtr. alongv.esse Vessels ewshores wrecked, of L a e w s h ßo ar 7 es ne n a ,a n s d he P d on a t w c a h v a , rt h ra o i us n e o s nthe pros trated, and several lives lost. Mr. Givens, 'son of G. W. Givens, and Mr. Prentiss, both of New Orleans, were killed at Mississippi City, and a number of others were injured severely at the same place. At Mobile a violent storm prevailed from the 15th instant until the night of the 17th. Vast quantities of rain fell, flooding the lower streets, and inundating the low lands. From the direction of the wind—south by west — fears were entertained for the safety of the shipping in the Gulf. The yellow fever was abating at Norfolk and Portsmouth. CALIFORNIA. — The Star of the West and George Law had arrived at New York with advices from New California to the sth of September, and a total of 1,768,699 dollars in specie. The news from California is unimportant except in a political point of view. The elections were going on at the time the steamer sailed, on the sth ult., and the greatest excitement was manifested by the members of all parties; but the papers predicted that it would nevertheless passoff without any breach of the public peace being attempted. At the democratic pri mary elections, on the 21st August, a sanguinary affray oc curred, which resulted in a number of persons being shot and stabbed,amongst whom were J. W. Bagley and James Cushing, who were severely wounded. The shock of an earthquake was felt in San Francisco on the 28th August, which it was sup posed had extended to other parts of the state. The most important intelligence by the Star of the West is that from Nicaragua. Colonel Kinney was chosen provisional civil and military governor of Greytown, and the territory thereunto belonging, on the 6th instant, by the citizens in mass meeting assembled. Colonel Walker has turned up vic torious at last. On the 3rd nit. he proceeded from San Juan del Sud with 150 men, to Virgin Bay, where he was attacked by General Guardiola, with 400 men. The government troops were handsomely beaten, with a loss of fifty men, while Walker lost only one white man and four natives. It was reported that he had returned to San Juan, with the intention of attacking Rivas, the headquarters of the government forces. We have news from Oregon to the 27th of August. The Willamette valley had nearly become depopulated by the rush for the Colville gold diggings, which are now said to be very productive. An emigrant train, numbering 300 persons, was attacked by the Indians at Devil's Gate, and 150 slain, and all the stock and provisions captured. Among the killed was a brother of General Lane, together with his family. The island of New Caledonia, in the Pacific, has been formally declared part of the colonial domain of the French empire. The steamship Uncle Sam had arrived at San Juan del Sud from Acapulco. During the voyage she lost thirty-three passengers from cholera. At San Juan the British mail steamer Teviot and frigate Eurydice were lying in the harbour. The entire of a Pacific cargo, valued at $70,000, had been carried by the Panama Railroad to Aspinwall and re-shipped to New York. MEXlCo. — Letters from the city of Mexico, of the 16th ult., report the resignation of General Carrera, in consequence of differences with Alvarez, Comonfort, and Llave. Yucatan, Carmen, and other places, are reported to have dee lared for the revolution. Lazcano's brigade, about 1,000 strong, had been compelled to surrender at discretion to the new national forces. The garrison of Mexico had chosen General La Vega their chief. Garza and Tamarez were fighting. Jose Lopez de Santa Anna, nephew of the e x-President, had been arrested, and would likely suf f e r death. General Casanova had gone from Tampico to Vera C ruz, as his su pp orters had ignored the plan of Ayutla. A party of Americans, named " Bowles," had caused much disturbance at Acapulco and other places. Viduarri had published «new and more liberal [OcToriER 16, 1855: --------- ccese e o( From the west coast of Mexico we hear of the su __,„ to the asps insurgents. Zapaltan had succumbed ~ saer General Comonfort. After its capture the city iN ii Al a tariff, a c n r d uz a doevcerreeshooadNbeaetinonisaslueaduoarrgdasnihzia'ndg Veleenarellrofilthel; a w n h d ie e h nt 2 igly m d en em w o e lis re h k e i d l i ed Th , of a l ConO Wt joined the Revolutionists. Subsequently Gener, . w here adamara, , marched with 5,000 troops to attack Gu former nr,-, General Marques and Gal.boa were fighting, the ,_, ter , o Collima had surrendered, aanneddfitgrahheatnYslasowldteeieadrsatdivedo on both in favour of General Uraga for President, and the2' l. o o with 7,o°° flighamong the military leaders. General Ceballos, t tr hadof G re e a n e e h r e a d l Ctheebaelleoase.t, andT h newseeaueed ofra much 7 0 10 0 3 0 men, had marched for the capital. to the _,. PACIFIC.—From 'Valparaiso we have advicese ..,,,,,. pi August ; Callao, Sept. 11th; and Parta, to th _l ta uL n ' t ` g ge Chilian Congress was occupied with many r prodl and rendering the administration of the law more Prompt ttihoensirjahnunionaisgstolfvhciechnntheereme,oshtyimepimortpiainfythiwgasitipe _wt. consular treaty, celebrated with Ecuador, received 111 ,', a goe tion of the Senate. A bill was under discussion, r i , be te• latest ered stormsin hi a n vessels that wished to sail under the national fia: l ios eb/ Sixteen lives were lost by shipwreck. The high r ot asr' still continued, and in Conception the holders W _. ii e i $17.50 per 2001bs. The prospect of the approgin,,,,wo: was good. H.B.M.S.'s ship Rattlesnake arrived a15.'1:44 on the 13th of August, and sailed on the 24th for /,';', and England. The northers, during the fortniP boll August 14, had done considerable damage in the bay'4o9l y the po s r o t u o th f the lyag republic.estiaed Tahte ndeararulayoceseoof Leito the south they had done much injury, and destroY _,,fit. in the rof more property, including two or three mills. - b o re. 4 Constitution, blaule, sixteen vessels were driven -bore,_ . 11 fOr t i, s w c as rut b i a n d y o e f no th u e gh v . ote E e Even t b h e e fo p re ree C id on en g t res e s f rise of the river was terrible. The aspect of affairs l d Re army had proclaimed General Cordova, the Oar 1•a'10 Belzu, President; this resource of the ancient E° 133 1 0 11 , of in times of anarchy shows the situation to whi eb the 3 / 4 6 arrived. From Guayaquil we have dates to felt, beat mail E vodhiFolnefun liacniFdtui Minister iiaomesoorfctn o mrei imceejererbeeope: Brazil steamerce. nor was it allayed until the arrive per"' t° ,, August. A slight shock of earthquake had bee ' b y. a,t e t s st y proved it to be unfounded. v„ e „,, "ntr °- 4D eilt e. no damage. Some little excitement was nails e 'f far Br itish was still in session. A bill had bee - ,bert' brought by a Peruvian vessel, of a declaration, e n i • 00 mos. allow rdiffina s f eensg.co a wppeeeo l aat l oosfehruho c it otaledasicadex work. s.bb s eta,le e rsiroyin s eeenrnattdkwi a eetcs.mir n .heteesiee d oporleT broefa f e. r arsgoD o arserfa r m nroeDiennlFyoydt a e,:oswi iotr g a00:1,:i i :e::: - ::yvr,r 1ol ts t i c o .xbilw.o:Ib t eeffia sir l ' iefi iir t :oo, ° o , :i. , raoir: : : l s g ,r e ij j '6 . ,; 1. 11, ° 11tc::i: n operatione s s ofth olfettor liberated ar, afe dent rejected h Fire o teitia 1, hdlmn: This crops,oelaeaheuntwnlwerost of f s i e n p consequence September. b er. Yellow of t i l e e ‘.. , ~ :• 1 !: oco e : ~ ,1 gent : iu week f e h i c t lae e a sgncm kosotaTni loans.wl,:woma slaNees General La Puerta that of War and Marine. 41)01 •ln in Paraguay, but was actually about to reinforcewole ' f . , attsseenineb.ro....go suadron. It was said that she showed a most 'i lir, hadted nbeoenlitctlheansgeednsatoinonaccoin 70:'6120,:, ea iously looked for. It was rePol' o f 7, discussed in the papers. Brazil annexation of Uruguay to the e „al et tbe 0`; have news from the Havannah to „isl `,d,e ec e ie w , ces a t ,ectio ,:: : has been abolished, and a new council of thirty r f icet r i4 which Manuel de la Concha, Marquis of Duero, ,' s . as el e4 io murderersSevera l of persons A r r B h a a e d k h b o e e h n e e. Santa arrestedoAn i: s t : s e P A k e var i thY l 0 ails board the mail steamer Derwent on the 11th. and m d eatdsh neeobtittt:ue: movement. at e Aebwno.—efetr.ry vße news r aT heaß c h r , a recent royal decree the old colo- n o .0 . e of his baggage contained a number of gamecocl'cis cargoes of Africans had been landed at Bahai o° ll COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCV.„,,fOFO d, In the money market there was an adequat e s cor O le the extent of de s c 3 i the demand more active. The Bank Statement • er e/ . a de ,iti id , d 7 e 9 d ;2 l 9o:p y it, e9etirrla u 7m6ne n , c,el f bine a l:nu v ta4tr. o r:g t ,k tr waeßa a t3, ch b id.6lhei l el loc e asc N ir , droide E fbtia si o,es l iE i ge,en o i l s w o3c r tf6vi a : ot n ie a l t hsryd g e jag, ' icii,f,ee r es ' e p air P e e P: jt 3 iogi 100 ` :le, ; swie,000t fr o g 46 1 , tv i, ' $1,746,262 in the specie rand a reduction o'a 509,' O a touched for twelve OC9$ m a g o g n r t e h g s a , t e o r a mmoourne.t oFfirsspt f. 510 short sight ant, the market closing in very flatly. Ou tendon 94 it" tions refer to bankers. We quote bills on no Or rp per cent. premium ; Paris, &c., f 515 to 013.1 00' to 79i. det tw t, r out the past week, and prices had declined Z tie lb. The sales were estimated at 5,000 bales , " f , portion of which was for shipment to Europe' Octo be r " v Mr. W. P. Wright, in his Circular, dated ts fo 01 states that the business in the Southern ullnieooriej,, period of the season had been large in New : cr.e e f Mobile at slightly higher rates. The difficulty toodel freight room, however, still restricted trade, and a n v- of ETV amount of cotton was stored, awaiting the arri"'„ jao or' receive it. In Charleston and Savannah the receiP'oo l3° heavy, but, in the absence of buyers, the transa e tS 0 again limited at a further decline. ble f r° eel li ; The accounts of the Crop were highly favours- w ere 10. Atlantis States, Alabama, and Tennessee. There 14 1 ' r / plaints of too much rain on the Mississippi and Re l y p eqjitf some parties entertained the opinion, which Otbe 4 unreasonable, that the injury would be rather to 1 ,. than the quantity. i " 0.. ~ _, ,, ,r 1 „d STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS, EXPORTS, Ain wr e sr "4 4. Exports Total D eere sloi l 6;9 Receipts to i i , p 1 ~ ,5 Great Britain, title) 121' ; 41 14 44,577 , 'F,55 22,005 51 , o l 1 6,8 ' 22,572 .sit9lBThitlhoyteoel 1855 128,168 1834 58,255 Increase.. 69,913 , te b.. l ' . Decrease... .... •';„ e aera, e ,e O r o ( •• • • BREADSTUFFEL—FIour continued in onlY n - p sil ( " - ateo, and yet, with a fair demand both from the tvi"wbig.,b '.00.' ment to Europe, prices had not advanced. 'Pewee!, l ig el freight and the increasing pretensions of si l e o r gal l/ o_ 4o a" the necessity of great caution in buying fl° l-11 ‘,.ce a' 3 ",1•0 r id port abroad. Choice parcels of wheat were st la ,'40 0 " whilst other descriptions were of less ready 3 ',.s of ' ,A was about two cents per bushel below the Pl qc- f" week. oadantelmalifymiilisnitmerisletThessaoc.lkees,sßwtothis 0 0 ' onl i Puovisrorrs.—Pork had been rather ciale t „ op; pr iis ,, l e o ' n bae f es r fie o sfr m e n rnwlil s ai3l 2 B: 2 h . e 3 171 t 0 i, 5 , , , : 2 r, d ' I s ss i 0, 1 1 e - recil op „i all' J . 9c - . to 10c. 1 cos'' (it COAL.—There was a small supply of Liserpea as steo i market was firm at our quotations. /la rd t ql' e previous rates. a fa ir l' etl i t ' l IRON,—Seotch pig was in moderate supPlYetie or ', l g,r ); but prices were a trifle easier. There was 2.,,. 0, 00' doing in bars. Scrap was scarce and viall e- 'reaa' de ,r wrought worth $4O. English sheet in go" ~t to 4; c. A ba e i ' P r SALT.—The market for Liverpool confirm.- 01 ,, 1 selling from an' at to e94'. a the prospective receipts of that description being s ,le, 'sa'i E, had further advanced. a boi i FREIGHTS.—The market was less excited, an At 00 , 1, 4, been comparatively light. To Liverpool : Foe r - p er .o l f: 7-16 d. per lb. • flour, 4s. per bushel ; grain, 0_ 41 '13 1 , t t ' To London : Flour 4s. 6d. to ss. per bbl.; g'"ij r t i , A o,l' grain, 25c. per bushel. f ,Ol , "i)ff . NEW ORLEANS. — Prices of cotton easier, 1,0"/ ,700 b bushel. To Havre: Cotton, Ic. per lb. ;flour' ' i li lower. . Sales of the week, 28,000. bales ; r e , c te o 114 72,00 ) b3aloe,st;he there e sales ,ii a 2 d 9 bt l e i e , nl stock, 112,000 bales ; excess in receipts since ael ) 10 0 1 " tc VALPARAISO, AUGUST 30.—During the airy' 0 4 '117 i 0 August most of the buyers in town having completed theiffos ,1 , "1 prices, however, have not declined. The imP° rts .,lo° st I: " markets have been limited, and stocks continue ,-,siiteeroc:cy rather a l a es dc fr l decline I :: i s :.e r i9 : l: .: reported. Spanish wines, whale and lamp 0 , 11, Pl rti p`i barsac, are among the articles most ivaat ew d no il til .v ,e' copper, in bar, is quoted at $20,25 on shore, an b 0 tut' trr is expected for some time. Saltpetre at Iquiq u ' sit' toy" slightly ; the sales have been small. The rise is on la.erc,cl some of the mines having discontinued warl'' 0 1 ' 1 ? dullness in the trade. Freights—Saltp etre _t oP‘ uofactsk messt ernro fowr £4.75. 6d. ; to Hamburg, £4. 17s. 6d. • silver ar` , V £4. 15s. Od. te e ( of 1 to Fif as honisAßls fortunes.rixoermbteyeaslAlio.onuwstage;, 1. ~ TREASURY WARRANT provides for therle l' oo , and other printed matter, under certain re,. 6- ,. 40 5 ,)/' d i army in- the East at a cheap rate, viz.-Id. 2 0 0aIY, e d O, Boz ; 4d. for 11b. ; and 2d. extra for every ad' i ra rsi, i ot• ro o f A "RULER OP THE PLANETS" has been 63 a OPP il)c" females a day visited this woman ' 1: i re Leeds House of Correction, for one month , 3s oce ~ f t:' l° he is a German, and rather ladylike in apPe 3 f o Iss' ,d,. 1 " —This word ; in Italian, means I)°„o 4 tti, a . 1/ 1 f to All' e su a b r j e e a : to his Majesty of Naples is the fact of tha',,ot . c .,0 1 ': Ire subjects.—Manchester a fo n r ch th e e st a e p r pl o ic li a a t i 4 : : :p r ie j c : o, ls . Ac l te made free use of these persuasives, in the )`. l . li v fle SINGULARthere was a g r e e o a t r COlNClDENCE.— ht Under e t e l n ler bee f ol t v 'c i i i ,ipt a tr ue l. ,,, rift li c a o• sians, which presents some analogy syitli th,,i, l If 3V • ; 07.0 bats which have led to the fall of Sebast°l:(o o i l 4 feA2: . t tr the battle of the Moskowa, in the caae ;a st r o rtre D :eA ti o. which took place on the 7th of Septensherviiolf ' 0 tbz e o,c and one day before the attack on the 3 1 a, l o tber, ° 1 40,t Of, both occasions the forces opposed to enel l , 10 orDe ri line were pretty nearly equal. Napo the )1' o p, ej I t. e! and the Russians numbered 160,00 0 . Atot Of eael e l) e t Sebastopol, the attack was directed ag ll 4 o d enl 0 1 0 0 11 , tions, behind which the Russian arnlY ' km , 5 0 . 0e ry• 0 ,0,4 after a continuous retreat from SinoY; s t) le art,! o b/ ,iro;i: had covered with a numerous and f or and,n sro ta),l e t t l e 0 0 0 ii r as at the Malakhoff, the principal redot dec ide° ot oot i p g) and after a sanguinary combat, n ' ilie that decide s The total loss of the French army 011 ~ wbo' - d 5 0 2 A t more than 28,000 hors de coin bat. an l°l :ros 113 0 v ii r rah killed, and 39 wounded. The Bu s ' joY . 1,1* ; 1 1:' hors de combat. , v , .--Thu rs o we d ; e ll ei HORRIBLE ATTEMPT AT MURI).- v i,i c loVir, I le r on fro fti, Police-court, Wolverhampton, a Y ° :Tfrord er iorg ej pitt l ? I ald, was charged with atteroptin,, t __ s disc ' s i i e _ 0 _ O 4 fifteen months old. On Monday she w O L L ,i w oe)) _ eo t to o clyi Wolverhampton Union Workhouse, lace s he l e clnr o yitf some time an inmate, and from that pi" he th e of onVir,liey pit shaft, nearly a mile off, where s,_ . sea rch ois . l ) ,A t Api, and went forward to au ironworks r „ as sillq i a isli e y On Tuesday night a your; miner,...n.nYci, wi t . i lie c u , .1 j the cries of a child down the shatt i f e f o up t d i l a d es:;", s te r id was let down the pit with a rop I to th e li ` v 7jifigf, f t serious injury. On its being ta te.l„ . se arf, ri d ~ ,,d, li t identified as Mary M`Donald's qnlu vvas fool_ i c i to fair y , ti. 4 04 the mother on Wednesday, and she , s. , ta ken 1 0 1 , rn, e r e at Spring Vale Ironworks. Wir e " moostro_, &a u r a fc 1 3 0 3 ,1 admitted that she was guilty of " t t be child !!,li i e ill i e ' tiii first inquiry was as to whether ze ,_,.,,,d, ha ve „ w oe, her hearing_ that it was not, she e irr o ther i i ri , a tly i l i f j 6 there, and though hi a very exhiule:sted s tate , 4f o rlsn°, O fv /it Afterwards she further acknowleog ~,,, an o o i i e! i De_sl o ; when she reached the pit she WI r it e ul . o i e ti .,,led, o ,toit t , down the shaft as far as she could :,ci - „' ha d s r ee a . o„,d ~e, . her P ei elci, e t it, m th e t , h b e u b t o l tt d om on . 't c s a h r e e siafidtlineyol: lec:citu.leYdi she w ho ba s l a ivi!:l 3 . otl eii i $ 4 ; before abandoning it. Policem e _ l / 40 , a 1 id j , i , ~ had was , , r eo jo lizards and toads. When the c i d it fe u 7or b e ' food, 0 a, nearly thirty hours without , 1 I mower - 1 iyes. freshment was offered it. 9r l at the ass conduct, been committed for trial pit describes it as a most loathsoni P. disc oVer`ijia ripe,' s ,l o ll ' 1 Q., q (I, Was D en Inc l'e t i 411 11 WQ, Sliq is of (10 be'