The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1852-02-10 00:00:00

LINES ON THE OCCAqION OF A VISIT TO THE MONUMENT OF THE " TWO CHILDREN. " BY CHANTREY, IN LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL finw sweet their sleep, as thus united buds, nipp'd off, not blighted— impli over Death ! a wreath cks the spoiler worm beneath. Love's I'l .t How sw r sleep ! no slumbering sorrow nor joys t v t ints, sit II oiVe to grieve them, bubbles burst, and leave them. leer)! how eloquent was not " broken How sw are hos, idlesi h r sleep t, all ! the sorrow he morrow, efs and pleasures share Books FOR Haydn good deal Calls hims Of r. terem Would r, Th• former .ho index nominum Senteh and Ir the materials avowedl Douglas the first t giver and Archd Omitted als Worse than Beatson, fo place is' kno Thus, Blacks (Patrician, vo of the Lord of Glory " little ", I their ri , s of innocence. g of offi ave be refore me 1" hence, LITEI ATURE. —New Books. Prints, Music, &c., e be left at Mr. C. Mitchell's, Red- -street, London, addressed " to the Editor L "'TANDARD," when they will be forwarded, of Dignities, Longmans and Co le is properly a new itiral I 7c, of which three edi- m 1786 to 180( however, a d improved, and hence the Editor 3 know the plan of hat not onl s it the best book of her which professed to Instead of we have one, of a pub- the kind, but that there was n give • x titre.- v same kind of information in the third Iry nott less compll , ant. In t tinting up some dozer st of ti it les as ur public offices suecting their nu s of course a book ce, not- lave noticed, we !cution )U4 pag duates an( erased. WE lar def Lyra Christiana : Poems on Christianity and Me Church. By the Rev. Robert Montgomery. London :G. Bell. The name of Montgomery, whether James or Robert, carries with it a g ;uarantee for melody and .ttle volum before us ought to do so in an eminent de- gree, for it is a selection of a t only att more but to the NATURE DIVINELY INTERPRETED T and sunbeam prov we them with a feelir choicest flowers from larger see, interspersed with yes inserted here for the first tin ~--- , and another of initial lines at the close mselves t, if we had leisure for a owing : —all of f those of tion of Sir R tuned, Fan o which we referred, of Northumberland, temp. Wm. T., is The table of Precedency is decidedly very next n: at which appeared in the pr whole classes of men are omitted, ions editions of whose to every lawyer, antiquary, or herald. e. Chamberlaine, Berry, Gwillirn, Burke .), Lodge, &c. &c., place certain church, al officers, universit immediat after kn , nt, creation, c Hadyn has not only omitted, but has of their experien at notwitf gong on we regret to see, the book i ciently these objects, the committee have made an im pot , tant advance, by employing a paid superintendent, whom they sent to London to see the working of the system there, before he entered on his dutiesat home. This is a step that should have been taken before, but which no doubt was prevented by want of funds. The importance of hav ing the whole time of an experienced man to oversee the various schools is obvious, as, however ardent the efforts of volunteers, they would necessarily be interrupted and irregular. But, now that the exertions of an active officer are devoted exclusively to this object, the arrangement of the various schools will be facilitated and promoted. The advice, the countenance of one skilled in the work, the statistical information collected ; the concentration of all that is interestin g in the achoola throuzl which are under the Union ; the read that is thus established f )out the town r interchange of views—for the imparting of experience ;—these and many more are the advantageous results which will flow from the appoint ment of a paid superint , mdent Aga amid the 7eAlong efforts of all who engaze them_ in this good cause, the great motive which gave rice to the whole movement is not forgotten. As the object is to promote His glory, who is the God of the Outcast, so the value of His blessing is never overlooked. Meetings for prayer and mutual conference on Ragged School interests and difficulties are h ld three or four times annually, at the Institution in Slater-street. At these meetings the voluntary teachers and the various superintendents assemble; and the information given, and advice offered, are often most valuable. Before quitting this part of our subject, we must notice the recent establishment of the " Shoe-black Brigade," similar to the one in London ; and we record with pleasure that it has met with the ereatest success. It owes its origin to one or two energetic gentlemen of the Union Committee. _ Thus far we have dwelt on the exertions of the commit tee of the Union for the furtherance of this cause, and the apparent apathy of the public. Let us now glance at the other side of the account, and see the pressing de 's of the " perishing and dangerous classes." a moderate calculation, there are at least 20,000 young persons in this great town who are growing up without any education whatever. This is evident from the fact, that in a single district alone (we allude to Vauxhall) there were found 2,000 growing up in ignorance and vice. This district may be an exceptional case, but we have reason to fear it is not so ; but even granting that it is, our estimate for the whole town must be much below the mark. To meet the case of these, there are at present 28 Ragged Schools, which, with the exception of a few, have been established sincetheformation of the Union. The number in attendance is only a little above 2,000. Among these we are glad to see that there are ti:rop Industrial Schools, and we trust that the numb er will rapidly increase ; for industrial training we look upon as one of the chief instruments in reclaiming the vicious. Of these, the most conspicuous is the one in Soho street, which is partly self-supporting, and therefore the more deserving of the assistance of the public : it is acknowledged by the most competent judges to be most skilfully conducted, and to have peculiar advantages for carrying out its objects, but the voluntary aid which it receives is far from encouraging to those gentlemen who, with such zeal, look after its inte rests and see to its usefulness. We very much fear that they must often themselves contribute largely, over and above their regular subscriptions, to keep efficient an in stitution which is doing so much in the cause of the street wanderer. The average attendance of boys and girls is about 100, and many of them &re fed and lodged on the premises. We cannot omit to notice the second Industrial School, in Park-street, supported solely by the Hon. Airs. Edward Cropper, in which the pupils are en gaged at a variety of useful employments. This school is a great blessing to the e.ighbourhood, and is beginning to have a very perceptible influence. Ti.. tt,;.l, ;a in High Park-street, is conducted by a committee of la dies, and is designed to give instruction, food, and partial clothing, to about 100 girls. We heartily wish these be nevolent ladies all success in their work of love. We have not space to speak of the other schools, how ever agreeable the task, and interesting the information. This we must defer to another opportunity. Our present object is to give some idea of the case which Ragged Schools are designed to meet, and to point out how little encouragement they have rece!ved. An inspection of the report, however, will show the destitute localities in which they are placed, and the influence for good which they are beginning to exercise. As a proof of the correctness of this statement, we have much pleasure in referring to the address of the Learned Recorder to the Grand Jury, on Monday, the 2nd instant. In accounting for the fact, that the state of crime was below the average, the Re corder said, that among the influences tending to the prevention of crime, " the institution of Ragged and Industrial Schools must be conspicuously named. He rejoiced that efforts were being made to remove the igno rance, both religious and intellectual, which prevailed in the town to so great an extent, and to which a great portion of the crime brought before them was attribu table." The examples of ignorance adduced by him are most instructive, and we beg to direct to them the attention of all interested in the success of Ragged Schools. The worst form of the evil, however, has not as yet come sufficiently under the influence of the system. We mean the case of those who are known to 1 the police as vagrants, and as guilty of petty theft, and of those who have been in priso n , w h o are thieves by profession, often, it is to be feared, more from necessity than from choice. Public attention has been ably directed to the case of these juvenile offenders by the late Mr. Rushton ; and we hope that his School ; but nothing com. sug gestions will n o t b e l ost s i ght o f . Thi s c l a s s s h ou ld f orm a special obj ect of the Ragged mensurate with th e greatness of the ev il h as as yet b een 1 attempted. This arises from want of means and want of teachers, and we fear it can never be satisfactorily car ried out, so long as the system is worked by voluntary teachers alone. A conference at Birmingham was held in the beginning of December last on this subject, and we refer our readers to the printed report, which contains much valuable information on this subject. We have ourselves read it with the greatest pleasure, and we trust that the excellent measures suggested will soon have Par liamentary sanction and be in full operation. Liverpool had the honour of sending as representatives to the Con ference several practical men, having a thorough know- ledge of the subject. When we look at this side of the account, and see such destitution, such numbers, who, if not looked after, must turn out pests of society, and becomes burden on the com munity, we are surprised to see the meagre list of sub scribers, whose contributions amount to a sum so wholly inadequate to meet the evil. If these masses are to be reclaimed—and the necessity of doing so, who can doubt ?—the work must be set about vigorously ; funds should be forthcoming, and be placed at the disposal of the Union Committee, that the various schools may receive that support on which the very exis tence of most of them depends. That the committee may leave nothing undone to enable them to succeed in their great aim, they have come to the conclusion, being forced to it by absolute necessity, to make an appeal to the town at large, from the various pulpits which may he placed at their disposal. Thus the richer will have an opportunity of contributing to the wants of the poorer classes, and of practically acknowledging that they are all brethren and fellow-christians, having the same hope, and members of the same body. The districts in which these outcasts most abound are precisely those which, by reason of their poverty, can contribute least to the cause in hand. But we would urge the necessity of liberality, on economic grounds. Though the most desti tute districts be the home of these wretched ones, yet they must prey upon the wealthier portions of the community. It is calculated that the depredations of the Liverpool thieves amount to no less a sum than seven hundred thousand pounds annually. And if to this we add the immense expense to the community of keeping these of fenders in prison, where they generally become worse in stead of better, we think we have shewn cause why the public are most intimately concerned in this great ques tion. To the Christian and the philanthropist, it is suffi cient to know, that, it is not " the will of our Heavenly Father that one of these little ones should perish." We trust, then, that in whatever shape the appeal may be made, it will meet with a hearty response, and that the hands of those who have hitherto laboured so strenuously against such great difficulties may be strength ened, and that others equally active and self-denying may be enlisted in the same good cause. works, that mar original p tains some hundreds at the beginr twenty or thirt to V- A cre( And six When What men call Nature, is a Tho The Infinite in forms of finite .re all conditions, seen in God, combine make this earth a consecrated place. rh , unwritten Bible of the woods and fields By Love perused, and ponder'd o'er by Prayer, A kind of gospel to the poet yields, Who walks creation, knowing st is there . Nothing is mean, by power celestial mi And nought is worthless, by His wis Who fashion'd all, that Faith may find The holy impress of God's master-11 Oh, could we hail the element divine That circles round whatever lives, or moves, A mystic radiance would o'er all things shine, And teach the coldest how the Godhead Oyes One vast cathedral , s to reverential souls, When, deepen% _ Our heart-breathed hymn of ( such felt divini ant. By Miss Stewart, ailway Librar , gan to gad this work from a feeling of duty, that we might express an honest opinion of it ; we continued to read it to the end from a feeling of interest. The fact is worth something. At the same time the story abounds with improbabilities. It is not usual for the London merchant to obtain a baronetcy through murder, perjury, and robbery ; nor for expatriated gamblers to return laden with honourable wealth, and breathing words of holiest wisdom ; nor for members of the peerage to pursue por tionless young ladies by night and by day, till they hunt them down at the foot of the altar. Mosses from an Old Manse. By Nathanial Hawthorne. From Routledge's Popular Library This is a series of separate stories and sketches, written with great sparkle and vivacity, hut overlaid with rather too much verbiage. \%e are not quite sure of the princi ples of the author. He seems sometimes to laugh in his sleeve at our religious feelings, and again to regard them as rather respectable and worthy of patronage. Mean while, in the spirit of the British Constitution, we give the prisoner the benefit of the doubt. Preventive and Reformatory Schools. Proceedings of a Conference at Birmingham, on the 9th and 10th of December, 1851. Longmans and Co The movement of which this is the initiatory step is a sort of Appendix to the Ragged School movement, no ticed in another column. It is intended to embrace those who have subjected themselves to the grasp of the law, or are likely to do so ; in the one case to prevent, in the other to cure ; in both to protect and provide. The names connected with it are those which have long been conse crated to benevolence and humanity ; and it is with what we trust is an allowable pride, that we notice the names of several of our own townsmen. iVots on the Roman Wall, extracted from the Collec tanca Antigua. Vol. Ti. By C. R. Smith, F.S.A., &c. What would become of us in England, if every one left science and literature to be fostered in its more important departments by the Government ? We suspect that the whole ma tt er wo uld soon become as great a subject of ri. dicule, to ou r s e lves and surrounding nations, as the de. pt . trtment of th e Woods and Forests has become. Hap ply there are enth us i as t s w h o co nsult their own tastes on subjects of human knowledge and human progress ; though, alas! they are too often left to go to warfare at their own charges. Thanks to the antiquary, scholar, and friend who has placed this interesting treatise on our table. It awaken visions of our wanderings by the Tyne side ; gf loiterings in Co r b r id ge churchyard, where the Roman altars nearly equalled th e t ombstones • of medita tions on the historic scenes of Ilexham Levels . of the court of pie poudre at Stagshaw Bank ; of rambles in the track of Hutton ; and of pockets burst with the weight of treasures which they bore. Poor Spurzheim was as en thusiastic as any of us. He would have taken hi s " :cor poral oath" that the crania from Carlisle to Wallsend were of the ancient Roman type. We ventured to dissent, alleging that they had been beaten out of shape long ago, by the broadswords and quarterstaves of the Borderers. To Mr. Smith, and his fellow-labourer Mr. Bruce, we say, in the language of Hibernic response, " God speed you, kindly." Hogg': In.dructor, for February, 1852 A very interesting number of this well.conducted pe riodical. There is a biographical sketch of Dr. Duff, and an etching worth more than the whole price of the part. GLOnIOUS; TIMES FOR THE LADIES.—In the reign of Queen Margaret of Scotland, the parliament passed an act that any maiden lady of high or low degree should have the liberty to choose for a husband the man on whom she set her fancy. if the man refused to marry her, he was heavily - fined, according to the value of his worldly possessions. The only ground of exemption was previous betrothal. e next iree years is statec £5, and thr, £2 subscriptions endin four ex ist's Church Thus in a period of four yea Le Com mitte I, yet i The sam ght not )rship rolls From Routledge's 1 OUR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. No. IL—BAGGED SCHOOLS. WE rank our Ragged Schools among the Public Institu tions of the town, prospectively rather than retrospec tively. For though Liverpool has not been the last to take a share in the great onward movement, which of late years has come into such prominence, yet the support given to it has not been at all adequate to the immense demands of the case. Encouraged by the success of Rag ged Schools elsewhere, and especially in the metropolis, a number of gentlemen formed a Ragged School Union for Liverpool early in 1547. The object was to encourage and assist in the formation of such Rigged Schools as aimed at the moral and religious training of their pupils —on the simple condition that the religion ,, instruction should be given solely from the Bible. Four annual meetings have been held since, the first in the Cha ritable Institution House, Slater-street, and the three following in the Collegiate Institution. We think it right to state, at the ou. - Q , t, the amount of support which the Union has received since its formation ; and our object in doing so is, that the public in general may see how little has h( en done in this great and iood cause, and how much remains to be done ;—in a word, that the support hitherto given is utterly inadequate to accomplish the object proposed—the reclaiming of our juvenile out cast population. At the end of the first year, in May, 1848, the income of the Union was £llO, made up of donati"ns to the amount of £6l 10s, from five persons (.£5O being contri buted by an individual) ; and of subscriptions to the amount of £49 is., from 36 contributors. This sum looks rather promising to start with ; hut when the income sen, that the amount of the first year is to be estimated from the sub scription-list alone ; for at the close of the second year, in May, 1849, the amount of subscriptions and donations was only £4B 55., contributed by forty-five individuals; and on inspecting the list, we observe that there are only two The Treasurer's account iy, 1850. Owl's a list of subscriptions and donations amounting to £63 17s. 6d.. by sixty-one contributors; and in this list cv, observe a solitary £5 subscription. In th surer's account for the year amount is £l3O ss. 3d., by sixth hst report—the Trea mlinp June, 1851—the three regular contri- ry donations, and a Juvp Association in connexion with St. John the Evanae rs, the whole Purr) at the heen under £360, or less hat we recor 'lnt the next report will s )re in proportion to the zreatness Pod is not to be mea There are services which mnney , ard, and theca have been liberally • • Ragged School movement, must carry It on—and that nrinnird. ;0 L: lie pious and devoted in the cause of the out- The Ragged School Teacher, by kindness alone can he To the EDITOR of the LIVERPOOL STANDARD. 'of ragged scholars. By SlR,—Would it not be advisable in the above illustrious stubborn spirit even of the Italian if he had by his side a competent translator to give the I forth affection in return, senseoftheoration,in the in terlinear style? The plan was adopted and will win from evil many a young heart, which, but when Dr. Achilli gave an address at the Music-hall, in Liverpool, * for him, would neve r h ave k nown th a t th ere i s suc h a tsPiomsee n who me ago, and must have afforded high satisf a cti on to otherwise could not have understood a sente n ce o f i thing in the world as Christi an sy m p a thy an d Christian his address love. We could appeal to nu m b er l ess i ns t ances of The epito . me system is not satisfactory, except to those con hearts thus won, and we are persuaded that the expe- versant with Italian; and, though alternating with the trans rience of every faithful and devoted Ragged School lator, Padre Gavazzi would lose nothing of the interest which teacher will confirm the same, his manner gives to his oration, while nineteen-twentieths of his The Union does not take the managem en t or responsi bearers would be gratifi e d w ith sense rat h er th an d um b s h ow. I make these remarks from a conviction that something of bility of any one school. The members of its committee . this kind is indispensable to the right appreciation' of -4,,,1s established by the clergy and others. 4 the talents, matter, and manner of the distinguished Italian 1 who is denominated Padre Gavazzi. A CONSTANT READER. hearts . o st and for tten ones FATHER GAVA ZZ I too, must remember t kind-less hE ect their contl )n, encourage, adviSe, give the benefit , and supply information of what is The support thus rendered is beyond beyond all praise. To carry out effi- February, 1852. MASTS, SPARS, AND SAILS FOR YACHTS AND FAST-SAILING SCHOONERS. To the EDITOR of the LIVERPOOL STANDARD. SlR,—Since our crack yachts were beaten by the "America," great interest appears to be taken in the cut of sails to stand flat by the wind. Nothing but prejudice has kept the principle so long in abeyance in this country. An English genius, wish ing to det'elope his ideas, too frequently finds his plans more readily adopted in other countries, especially in the United States ; and, to the credit of the Americans be it said, that no invention, having a practical bearing, fails to receive their patronage when properly developed, regardless of expense. But in this country it too frequently happens that " what answered the purpose ix our grandfathers' time must, of course, do in these days,"—to wit, " the difficulty (until very lately) in persuading the authorities of our naval yards to adopt new methods in the outfit of ships of war." I have for many years endeavoured to persuade owners and masters of yachts and schooners in the fruit trade that the application of sails cut perfectly flat, and laced to the boom, would give the vessels increased speed, whether off the wind or close hauled ; but prejudice has hitherto stepped in, and said " No ;" and never until John Bull was beaten was the prin ciple :ocpreciated. I ha., made sails lately which have deci dedly turned opinion (however partial) in favour of fiat cut sails, &c. lam quite certain the exclusion of gaffs in fore and aft vessels, would be still more advantageous than even the plan adopted on board the yacht America, by the substitution of shoulder of mutton sails. Now, suppose a maingaff, only half the length of the boom, hanging away to leeward 30 degrees, the gafftopsail being set over the mainsail, we find that in order to make the head of the mainsail and gafftopsail stand to the wind, it is necessary to keep the boom so close in over the lee quarter, that the pro pelling power of a great portion of the mainsail is destroyed by the unequal pressure of the wind on its surface, which, in stead of lifting and forcing the vessel on with a moderate list, tends to press the lee side down in the water, and hence im pede the prO7,ress. Every practical man knows that a vessel was never built to sail on her broadside. Now take the weight of the maingaff alone, elevated as it is from 35 feet and :up wards from the deck, the leverage is very great in proportion to the weight of the spar blocks, &c., especially when hanging away to leeward. In the plan I would adopt this would be obviated, and you could give the boom the same latitude as you now give the gaff, and every inch of canvass would bear a uniform pres sure, and, of course, pull equally. From practical knowledge, I must say, that a great deal depends upon the position and rake of the masts, according to the lines of the vessel, as upon the cut of the sails—a sound knowledge of the principles of so placing the masts and spars, and to cut the sails for vessels of every rig, so as to give to each sail its proper proportion of sheets and braces, and the security of equal pressure fore and aft, is certainly worth knowing.—l remain, Sir, your obedient servant, WILLIAM SHORT. 8, Strand-street, Liverpool, Feb. 9, 1852. GUILD OF LITERATURE AND ART. To the EDITOR of the LIVERPOOL STANDARD, SIR,-1 request your insertion of the enclosed copy of a letter to 1:1'. uspratt, on the subject of the amateur performance at the Philharmonic hall.—Yours truly, W. R. COPELAND. TO DR. MCSPRATT, MY DEAR SlR,—When you applied to some months since respecting my charge for the use of the Theatre•Royal for one night, on the occasion of the visit of " the Amateur Company of the Guild of Literature and Art,'?. I replied that the charge would be fifty pounds, including alrexpenses. 1 now perceive that the performance of the above amateur company is adver tised to take place at the Philharmonic-hall. I beg leave to protest against this illegal course, not only as the town of Liver pool possesses one of the best appointed and handsomest theatres out of London ; but I must consider the preference s!ven to the hall as injuri9tis to the true interests of the drama in Liverpool, while it is insulting to the lessees of the regular establishments, whetherin the metropolis or elsewhere. If the preference of which I complain is adopted for the sake of eco nomy (and therefore .presuming that the use of the Philhar monic-hall is granted gratuitously,) allow me to state that in the event of my proposition inducing the company to change the arena for their performance, I will not only give the use of the Theatre-Royal for the purpose, but pay all ,the incidental expenses of the night, provided the amateur company will an nounce a second representation for the benefit of one, or all, of our local charities, and meet me in the same spirit with which I advance to them, by giv:ng the entire imeipt3 of the second rprrnrmance without any deduction for their personal expenses. The second performance to take place on any night most con venient to the company. I think it a duty I owe to the Liver pool public and myself to make my proposition known through the medium of the press, as I cannot suppose that the intel lectual gentlemen composing the Amateur Company of the Guild, when they adopt the actor's calling to raise funds for their charity, in preference to exerting their great talents in their own walks of literature and art, can wish to throw a slight upon the proper temples of the drama.—Yours obediently, W. Theatre-Royal, Liverpool, Jan. 26, 1852, R. COPELKSID In consequence of the heavy fall of rain on Monday in the neighbourhood of Carlisle, the river Eden and all its tributaries have been swollen to an extent beyond the re collection of any living person, and it is feared that great damage has been done to adjoining property. A rag dealer in Dumfries last week purchased, by weight, a heavy bundle of rags from a woman who brought it in a wheelbarrow. It came to is. 6d., which was paid, and the woman disappeared. A few minutes afterwards a boy made his appearance from the middle of the bundle, and escaped, before the rag dealer had the pre sence of mind to stop him. TRAFFIC RETURNS.—The traffic returns for the week ending the 2d instant, on the undermentioned English lines of railway, are as follows : 1852. 1851. London and North Western...... £39,828 .. £59,160 Midland .. 20,608 .. 20,127 Lancashire and Yorkshire........ 15,111 . • 13,202 London and South Western. .... 6,617 .. 8,055 London and Brighton 7,728 .. 7,959 Great Western o. . South Eastern.. York and North Midland . Manches.,Sheffield, & Lincolnshire 6,316 .. 5 ,957 Bristol and Exeter York, Newcastle, and Berwick 14,074 .. 12,827 Shrewsbury and Chester Shrewsbury and Birmingham..., 509 • • 502 Eastern Counties and Norfolk Great Northern Chester and Holyhead North Staffordshire Leeds Northern 909 .. 833 South Devon. The total receipts on the above lines being £185,043 against £173,989 in the corresponding week of last year, the increase is shown to be £12,054. The number of miles open on the above lines was, in 1852, 4,149, and in 1851, 4,0421, showing an increase of 1061 miles. ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE. Letters addressed to the Editor should be accompanied by the real name and address of the writer, not for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith ; this is indispensably requisite in any statement of facts. The Editor wishes it to be understood that he does not hold himself responsible for the opinions or statements of bis correspondents. THE OFFICE OF CHIEF CONSTABLE To the EDITOR of the LIVERPOOL STANDARD, Srx,—After a storm comes a calm l and surely in the lull of the Bigham storm the Watch Committee will watch the voice of public opinion, as to the apparent jobbery of trying to smuggle one of their own members quietly into the preseLt coveted vacancy. Now, Sir, I know nothing against Mr. Biaham's capabilities for the office, but surely we pay a very small compliment to old servants in the force, if one of our superintendents have not had sufficient experience in the rou tine of the duties of the Head Constable's office to be quite - • e appointment. At all events, it can do no harm to show some disposition to encourage the class I have mentioned, which, I presume, must cons ist uf men of education and intelligence. Yours respectfully, 0.. E WHO WISHES TO BE WELL WATCHED, Liverpool, Feb. 9, 1852. HORTICULTURE. MURDERS IN SURREY, SUSSEX, SOMER SETSHIRE, AND MONMOUTHSHIRE. MURDER OF A CHILD BY ITS STEPFATHER.—An atro cious crime has just been brought to light, at Aldbury, near Guildford, in Surrey, which has created a strong sen sation in that part of the country. A man named John Keene, formerly an engine -cleaner in the service of the South-Eastern Railway Company, at Shalford Station, was married some time ago to a native of Aldbury, who had previously had an illegitimate child by another man. After their marriage, in February, 1851, it app ears f rom the confession of the wife, they were one day walking over Guildford Downs, towards Aldbury, when Keene beat the child severely with a stick, and on the mother the storms of Winter are well-nigh past, and Spring is at remonstrating he knocked her down and greatly ill-used hand, ready to scatter the g ms of Flora's unfailing store her. On reaching a neighbouring wood he took the child over the earth. If we could divest our minds of the too in his arms, and deliberately carried it to a well, called great familiarity which their plentiful distribution occa- Warren Well, and threw it in. The mother heard her sions, we should be compelled to arknowledee that few murdered infant knock against the sides and fall into the flowers have been introduced into the garden which will water. He then threatened to knock out her brains if she surpass the daisa and pale. faced primrose in beauty. Yet said a word. The poor creature kept the dreadful secret there are very many denizens of oar gardens which are till a few days ago, when she disclosed it to her mother, both beautiful and interesting, and unfold their blossoms who in the agony of her mind revealed it to one of her even earlier than th e p r i mr ose ; hut owing' to their beau- sons, who promptly made it known to the police authori ties being little known to the general cultivator, they are ties at Guildford. The murderer and his wife were then many of them only found in rare collections made by ho- apprehended, and the well having been indicated where tanists and others. We thick there are few things would the body of the child would be found, search was trade. please better than a small house for winter and spring and the skeleton, lying on its back, with one foot across a flowering plants. built in such a manner that the whole small beam, was discovered. On trying to lift it, it fell might he moveable at pleasure, and the sashes either to pieces. The well is about 187 feet deep. The bones stored away or made available for some other purposes, were gathered up, put into a basket, and produced at the In such a house we would have a bot'der, in which all the coroner's inquest, which was held on Tuesday last, when winter and spring flowers might he cultivated, and would the wife made an ample confession of all the horrible cir receive such protection as they require against sudden cumstances. Keene, however, denied the facts, and per changes of weather, whi c h di:fl_ai r es their beauty, and sisted that the child had been sent to reside with an uncle perhaps is one great cause why they are not cultivated. of his in London, where it had died of fever. The unfor- This border should surround the whole interior of the tunate infant—a boy—was at the time of the murder about house, except of course rite .',- , arway. In the centre a two years and a-half old. The mother is stated to be stand could be placed for winter flowering heaths, cry- about 22, and Keene about 21 years old. The inquest on santhemums, Chinese primroses, hyacinths, and other the body stands adjourned till this day (Tuesday) week. bulbs, which would make a great display from November MURDER, BY POISON, OF A HUSBAND BY HIS WIFE.— to the end of April. In the border might be introduced Yesterday week, an inquiry, before one of the coroners all the varieties of primrose —the double, lilac, yellow, for the county of Sussex, took place at Chiddingly, a crimson, white, &c. ; varieties of the cowslip, aurieula, i small village, eight or nine miles from Lewes, concerning crocus, squill, ornithogallum, heptoica, gages, daffodil or the death of William French, an agricultural labourer, narcissus, hyacinthus, tanscari, snowdrop, lachenalia, who died from the effects of arsenic. The deceased was leucojum, and a great numher of -pecies and varieties 35 years of age, and had been married nine years. He ' besides ; there might a ls o , if conven i ent , h e sma ll h us h es had generally enj o y e d soun d h ea l t h, b ut a d ay or two pre of Forsythia viridissima, Weiglia roses, Daphne indica, viously to the 7th of January lie was suddenly taken ill, D. cneorum, Jasminum nndifl trum, and others, nor for- and on that day died. From the subsequent conduct of getting the graceful Garry , . elliptica, and a few roses— the widow, and from some rumours which arose in the Helleborus niger, or the Christmas rose ; and the fra gran t neighbourhood, the Superint e nd en t o f C ounty P ol i ce coltr,foot might also be introduced. Thus we might have deemed it requisite to i ns tit u t e a searc hi ng i nqu i ry i nto nearly through the whole of the dreary months of winter the circumstances attending the death ; and cocnmunica and spring a small spot in which a great variety of very flouts having been made to the Coroner on the subject, an beautiful flowers would bloom i n pe r f e ctio n , w ith ou t any official investigation before a ju r y was ma d e, w h en i t ap expensive heating apparatus. peared that Sarah French, the wife of the deceased, had MISCELLANEA. about twelve months ago become acq ua i n t e d w i t h a New Camellias.--In the Nouvelle l eonograp hi e d es young man named James Hackm a n, w h o was a t t h at t i me Camellias the following vari e ti e s a r e fi gure d an d d es- courting her sister. She bec a m e a tt ac h e d t o hi m, an d cribed —C. Magdalena A beautiful variety, of gr ea t told him on several oc ca si ons th a t s h e was very f on d o f : : him, was in the habit of ki ss i ng hi m , an d as k e d hi m if h e elegance, and with ranunculus-formed flowers, a b ou t three inches in diameter. Th e petals are large, roundly would marry her in c a s e h er h us b an d was d ea d ; tell i ng bilobed, very convex, of a bright cherry-red celaur, v e i ne d ' him at the same ti m e th a t s h e expecte d a li ttle money-- distinctly, and marked in the centre with contiguous about £lOO. About a mon th b e f ore Ch r i stmas l ast she hands of white. The petal tinged with a pure whit e co - gave him a ring, saying that when th e y were marr i e d s h e lour at the margins. The foliage is good, and of a bright would expect him to give her one. O n Ch r i s t mas E ve, ' green. This is a very desirable variety, and was or i g i- Hackman was at French s house, ayhen the d eceas , d was - at home. lie (the husband) ate oni on pi e f or h is supper , let coloured variety, distinguished by its handsom e i m b r i. nally obtained from Italy.—C. Zavonia : A very rich s car - of which no one else tasted, arid next day l ie complained Last week, an old correspondent requested us to refresh his memory respecting the selection and culture of spring flowers. The subject is one of such eeneral interest, that we feel certain any information on this point will be equally acceptable to the majority of our readers. Few persons exist who have not felt in some decree that sen sation of pleasure with which we greet the first primrose or daisy which the early spring brings into bloom. Like " the bow set in the cloud," they rive a sure promise of brighter days. They comfort us with the assurance that cited flowers, which place it in the first rank in thi s class. of pain in the bowels, and was s e i ze d w ith vom iti ng. A The petals are somewhat small, ovate roundish, slightly few days afterwards he grew mu c h worse , b u t no one was notched at the apex, much smaller and c l oser a t the made acquainted with his illness till a ft er h e was ac t ua ll y centre. where they are larger arid more irregul ar i n ou t- dead, when a neighbour w a s ca ll e d i n an d i n f orme d th at line. The habit appears to be robust, th e f o li age d ense lie had been seized suddenly. Conclusive evid e n ce was , however, adduced, proving that Mrs. French, a day or two and handsome. The origin of this variety is supposed to before Christmas, had procured a quantity of arsenic from be Italy.—C. General Washington : A very distinct ra the shop of a veterinary surgeon, on her stating that it riery, with large flowers of about four to five inches in was to poison mice; and the body of the deceased having diameter. The colour is pure white, with faint yellow. been disinterred, and subjected to examination by Mr. Here and there are large rose bands, or sometimes half- Alfred S. Taylor, the eminent professor of chemistry at rose and half-white. The exterior petals are very large, Guy's Hospital, arsenic was found in the stomach in suffi round notched, convex ; the others become gradually cient quantities to cause death. It was also admitted by smaller, concave, raised, and form a large rose-like heart.. Hackman that he visited Mrs. French the day after her The leaves are deep glossy green, somewhat l arge , p o i n t e d husband's death, when s h e aga i n t o ld hi m that she loved at the apex, and serrated. This variety was raised from him, and asked him to mar r y h er , an d t o love tier little seed, and obtained from America.—C. Mi r end a Ro ses : boy. About a week after that time an illi c it i n t ercourse A fine variety, with rich rose coloured flowe r s, o f a b ou t commenced between the parties, which h a d b een four inches in diameter, composed of large petals. Those nued down to the period of h er a pp re h ens i on. A ver di ct conti at the exterior are convex ; others raised near ly concave, of Wilful Murder was returned a ga i n st Sarah, otherwise and closely placed at the centre, so a s to f orm a sma ll heart. The leaves are of the usu a l f orm an d co l our; th e Sarah Ann French, and she w a s on T ues d ay l as t com mitted for trial at the next S u sse x ass i zes . habit vigorous. It has been so me y ears i n cu lti va ti on, and was raised in Belgium. SUSPECTED MURDER OF A WESLEYAN MINISTER.— Anomatheea Cruenta.—The great worth and excellence On Saturday week the Rev. J ames E vans , a we ll-k nown of this little bulb are not sufficiently known or valued. conference minister of the W e sl e y an connex i on, was In my opinion, there is nothing better for small beds, or found dead, at about two o' c l oc k i n th e morn i ng , in the road leading from Blackford to Banwell, Somersetshire, for planting near the edges of large ones or borders. It 'by a man named Chilcott, who carries butter, eggs, and will answer exceedingly well under the following treat other dairy produce to Bristol market. The attention of ment :—The first week in March, the bulbs should be ! ' potted in equal parts of loam, dung, and leaf-mould, Chilcott was first attracted by seein g a h orse an d car t , i drawn into a little opening on the side of the road, but with a good mixture of sand, putting four bulbs in a pot, I without a driver ; and looking about, he discovered on the and placing them in a pit with the other bedding plants, I other side of the road, in a dry ditch, the body o f a man , until the season arrives for turning out, when they should I respectably dressed, with his clothes cove re d w ith mu d. be planted in a bed of similar compost, with ou t disturb- 1 On further search, he discovered various foot mar k s i n th e grow vigorously, and flower profusely from June t o No ing the roots. They will then, with o r di nar y attention, road, as if a struggle had taken place. Chil co tt was after j wards joined b anotherson, James P, vember. If bloom is all that is requi r ed, th e seed-pods who found a ma c intosh er a f ew named yards off. An alarm uddy was should be cut out as the blossoms fall, as that will greatly then given, and some labourers recognised the body as strengthen the succession flower-buds. Should increase that of the Rev. Mr. Evans, who, it a pp eare d, h a d l a t e l y of stock be required, seed may be easily saved, an d bulbs visited the house of Mr. Hardwick, a lo ca l p reac h er i n raised : they are also readily increased by o ff se t s . Th e multitude of beautiful scarlet and crimson blossoms the neighbourhood. No wounds were perceptible on the makes this plant worthy the attention o f th e flower- body ; but from the appearance of the road it seemed most evident that a severe and prolonged struggle had al gardener. The bulbs should be taken up before f ro st sets taken place ; and the whip, whi c h l a y i n th e m iddle o f th e in, putted in silver-sand, a nd secure ly l a id by f or w i n t er . —.T. M'Ardell, Exeter. I road, had been trampled on, while the hat of th e de c e ase d was found a considerable distance off. A searching inves tigation into the circumstances has been instituted. SUSPECTED MURDER OF A CHILD BY ITS MOTHER.— The dead body of a child was discovered at the beginning of the past week in a ditch at Alvington, near Chepstow, Monmouthshire, which had obviously come by its death unfairly. A young Irishwoman, named Peggy Barley, is the mother ; and she, on being apprehended as the sus pected murderess, gave such confused and contradictory accounts as to the loss of the infant, which was but two months old, that a verdict of Wilful Murder has been re turned against her by a coroner's jury. OPERATIONS FOR THE WEEK In the early Vinery, whenever a favourable opportunity offers, a moderate amount of ventilation should be cau tiously administered ; the admitted air should be let in at a distance from the tender shoots of the vines.—ln the Conservatory and Greenhouse observe the same directions we gave in our last.—Flower Garden : Where hardy an nuals are used for bedding, a portion may besown on a south border,where, if necessary, they can be sheltered with aspare frame-light, but only such sorts should be sown as bear the operation of transplanting well ; these are Nemophilas, Collinsias, Eschscholtzias, Clarkias, and others of similar character.—Kitchen Garden: Sow a good crop of early peas and beans. We saw a fine pea at Mr. Cuthbert's, Clayton-square—one of the large-wrinkled kind, of re markable sweetness; it is said to be dwarf very early, and an immense bearer ; it is highly recommended by the southern gardeners. MISCELLAYEOUS NEWS. Herapath of Saturday says—" Owing to certain slips from the late wet weather, the Great Northern will not be opened before May, if then." It is proposed_ to extend the municipal borough of Salford by adding the townships of Broughton and Pendleton. We understand that it is the intention of the govern ment to make an increase to the Royal Artillery of 1,000 men.—United Service Gazette. A poulterer at Louth, Lincolnshire, is said to have re ceived £1,500 for the poultry which he sent up to the Christmas market in London. Dover Castle was threatened with a fire on Friday from an accident in the canteen, but an hour's labour from the military extinguished the flames. Sir J. Pakington has given notice in the Commons. that on this day week he will move for a committee of the whole house on the Sugar Duties. The public will be admitted, gratis, to view the House of Lords every Saturday during the session, by tickets, to be obtained at the Lord Great Chamberlain's office. A Brighton mackerel boat, shot her nets one night during the past week, and succeeded in catching upwards of 7,000 fine fish, whic'h fached above £9O. A co, ic*ondent of a daily paper says, " Within the last few days the French government have dispatched to London a posse of its police -agents to watch (surveiller) their proscribed fellow-countrymen. The Hon. Mrs. Law, widow of the late Recorder of London, made her public profession of the Roman Catho lic faith, after the vespers at St. John's Romisla Chapel, Islington, on Monday evening last. The Queen's speech on Tuesday last was transmitted by the Submarine telegraph to Paris with such rapidity, that a complete copy thus forwarded was in the hands of the President at half-past six o'clock the same evening Every useful or necessaryarticle is cheapest; walkin gis the most wholesome exercise, water the best drink, and plain food the most nourishing and healthy diet ; even in know ledge, the most useful is the easiest acquired. A gentleman of Lynn who purchased a lot of books about 17 or 18 years ago at a sale at Sandringham Hall, discovered a few days ago between the leaves of one of them two £lO notes. It is curious that Shakspeare, though giving us Greeks, Roman, Indians, Moors, Egyptians, Germans, French men, Italians, English, Welsh, and Scotchmen, in no instance throughout his plays introduces an Irishman. A Jamaica journal publishes the appalling and almost incredible account, that in the last year 40,000 persons were carried off by the fatal ravages of cholera in that island. Mr. Stephenson has surveyed the line of the Cairo Railway, The two branches of the Nile are to be crossed by a pontoon bridge. The Pasha has given orders for 18,000 labourers to be put upon the works. The Messrs. Blackwood announce that the pen of Mr. Alison is engaged upon a History of Europe from the Fall of Napoleon in 1815, to the Re-establishment of Military Government in France in 1851. To replace the Hottentot corps, which behaved so ill, orders have gone out to the Cape for the formation of a mounted corps of 400 Europeans, by volunteers of 40 men from each regiment.—United Service Gazette. On Wednesday week a coble, manned by six fisherme n , put off with a pilot for a schooner lying in Scarboro ug h roads, when a sea capsized her, and all on board perished within sight of the pierhead. About ninety members of the Stock Exchange have sig nified their intention of belonging to the proposed Rifle Club ; it is to be armed with double-barelled rifles, of the value of ten guineas each. The very rare signature of William Harvey, the dis coverer of the circulation of the blood, was sold last week at Puttick and Simpson's for £4. The name was attached to a bill of medicines for the household of King Charles the First.-44thenreum. A certain number of Dominicans, wearing a long white dress covered with a black cloak, have been seen walking in the streets of London. The strangeness of their costume attracted general notice. It is to this order that the Abbe Lacordaire belongs. On Saturday week the Crystal Palace !passed from the hands of the Royal Commissioners to the contractors, and was on 'Monday opened to the public by tickets obtained on application. Shortly this small impediment will be done away with. Such articles that still remain, and are not required for the purpose of a national museum, will be sold, and the proceeds added to the surplus already GA istent. ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS " T.S."—The fault of green petals is common to some Hyacinths, and we know of no means of preventing it, as the bulbs are rarely used a second year; therefore we cannot tell until the plant is in flower what it will turn out—most likely it arises from too liberal a supply of nu triment to the bulb. " Rusticus."—Certainly, we shall give sketches of gar dens as formerly, and shall be obliged by any notices of new plants or vegetables cultivated in the neighbourhood. THE LAND SYSTEM IN THE STATES. (From Colton's Western Tourist.) Our land system has gradually grown up to its present perfection, having been modified from time to time, as the condition of the country and the wants of the people re quired. The system, the work of our republican fore fathers,—so simple in its theory and practice, so certain in its results,—is now operating upon the organised land districts of the United States, as found In the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, lowa, Mis souri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and in the newly-found territory of Minesota. The principles of surveying are uniform, and very easy of comprehension. Meridian lines are established and surveyed in a line due north from some important point, generally from the junction of some important water courses. These are intersected at right angles with a base line. On the meridians, the " townships" are num bered north or south from the base lines, and on the base line " ranges" are numbered east and west of the meri dian. There are six principal meridians used in the sur veys of the western states and territories. When a meridian and base lines have been laid out, township lines are run, at a distance of six miles, parallel to the meridian and base line. These form townships of six miles square, containing an area of 36 square miles. Each square mile is a " section," and contains 640 acres. The sections are numbered from 1 to 36, beginning at the north-east corner of the township. Sections are subdivided into half-sections of 320 acres ; into quarter-sections of 160 ; and half-quarter-sections of 80. Prior to the year 1820 no person could purchase less than a quarter ; but in that year legal authority was given for the division and sale of sections into eighths. In 1832, as a further accommodation to settlers, they were divided into sixteenths, or 40-acre lots. In all the new states, the sixteenth section of each township, or one near the cen tre, is set apart for school purposes. The corners of townships, sections, and quarter-sections, are designated by monuments established by the surveyors on the field. After the lands have been thus surveyed, they are pro claimed by the President for sale, and offered at public auction at not less than per acre ; and such as then remain unsold are subject to be purchased by private sale at that rate. As only a small portion of the lands thus offered are disposed of at public sales, our own citizens, as well as emigrants from all parts of the world, have at all times an opportunity of selecting and purchasing, at private sale, rich and fertile tracts possessing every requi site for desirable farms. The security of titles emanating under this system, has greatly contributed to the rapid settlement of public lands. The positions of all tracts are shewn by the sur veys on the ground, in strict conformity with legislative direction; so that even when the monuments by which they are indicated perish under the consuming influence of time, they can still be identified, and their boundaries determined with unerring accuracy. In conveying these lands to purchasers, the brief desig nation of the number of the lot, or its position on the sec tion, with the number of the section, township, and range, will as fully and certainly convey the title as could be done by the most critical detail of boundaries, and the most laboured description of courses and distances. This is fully shewn by the fact, that although this system has been extended over hundreds of millions of acres, includ ing every variety of soil and climate, occupied by people from almost every civilised portion of the world, litigation as to boundaries has been so inconsiderable as to place the superiority of this national system in striking contrast with those of the older states of the confederacy. Indeed, where there has been litigation, it has been mainly caused by frauds, and not by any defect in the plan of operation. GENERAL NEWS. THE LATE M R . T URNER , R . A .— M r. J. W. tf Ans, ner's pictures, whi c h h e h as b equeathed to the nitieJ will, by his own ex p ress di rect i ons, be publicly exhiul 0 at his late residence in Queen Anne-street, as scgi!, n , arrangements can be made for the purpose. Hi s arc ; tors hope to be able to accomplish this during the ens° • season. DEPARTURE OF REFUGEES.—A third and last AP can liner left the London Docks, on Saturday r OOll2l last, for America, with about eighty French and 11 0 4 , 14- ; rian refugees, th e i r w i ves an d c hi ldren , on board. It of these perso ns h a d b een prov id ed with a regular O A for the o ccas i on , an d are to b e conveyed free of exPel37. A general opinion prevails that the funds for this de P 0 if,,nvhody RAILWAY . — Fo r L g W i v A e Y ii tation have been supplied in equal portions by 14° Napoleon Bonaparte and the English government. SUBMARINEIing, f . o n ur . te H en ore m au il liinotnesasstei lay a railway in the bed of the sea between England so To F h o i r m France. The road is to be enclosed in a tube fining that which crosses the Menai Straits, and is to be &stet; down in its bed by huge iron pins, at intervals of a throughout the twenty-one miles of its submarine cour t —which pins will p er f orm th e f urt h er service of carr Yl . lights on their he a d s a t n i g ht t o warn ships aga i ns t a chorine over the railway. or A " LADIES' GU ILD ."—A p l an h as been matured f the establishment of a Ladies' Guild, the prom oters, which which propos e t o go i nto t h e money market and ri:lto £lO,OOO for the establishment of workshops a pprort f for various b ranc h es o f art an d manufacture, such as te:"., be deemed proper and available for the class of person, women of education an d re fi ne d h a bi ts— which w il l likely to seek their daily bread through the median e c t the Ladies' Guild. A plan for carrying out the obte. r has been ma t u r d, a soc i e t y f orme d , and trustees an d o in° officers appointed. A DISAPPOINTED B RIDEGROOM. —A proo f o f t he - fol lf and disappointment attending persons not marrying 5, love, hut money, has occurred within the lsst few dat e A young man, who res id es on th e sout h ern s id e O f ! N g town, after a s h or t b u t a t tent i ve courts hi p, won the srelbig of one who gave him to suppose that she was worth a bo of " tin." In a d a y or t wo a ft er t h e h appy un ion 5 , told her p ar t ner th a t s h e wou ld go an d f etc h her f o rtigl i , viz., £2OO. Off she went, leaving him, of course, in 1 10 expectations : at ev en tid e s h e re t urne d, b ut not w ith i , , ' lo 200 shiners, but w ith " t wo fi ne pratt li ng bairns." -14 consternation depicted on th e h us h an d' s countenanc e re eaQily he irnagined.—Leeds Intelligences. Oa DESTRUCTION OF BROADWALL SAW MILLS•" 2O Thursday morning last, about six o'clock, a fire, a ttellu he with great destruction of property, broke out in , t o o Broadwall Saw Mills, the property of Messrs. Add is and Co., in Broadwall, Lambeth. After the conflagre ll :o had attained some height, it was ascertained that " elderly woman, named Tucker, was in the upper r ep o t over the gateway, and unable to effect her escape. Serget t Jones and Police-constabl e M a h er , a t th e r i s k o f losP: their lives, rushed i n t o th e b u ildi ng an d succeeded l; er carrying the poor creature down st a i rs an d conve ying. b O O to a place of safety. The mills were destroyed and sere)), damage done t o th e surroun di ng prem i ses. U n f or tunate the principal sufferers were uninsured. O MAGNIFICENT YACHT FOR :HE is r EGYPT.—One of th e m ost gorgeous an d sp l en did spee d mens of naval archite c t ure w hi c h h as ever b een prodin'd is now being con.-tructed, for the use of the Fachp Egypt, by Messrs Teel and Macgregor. of Clasgow• o f engines, of the most beautiful make and finish, ar e n , three hundred horse-power ; th e f ramewor k i s o f 'ri o e , and, being intended only for pl ea s ure t r i ps on th e 1 1 , 1 , 0 she will not draw more than 4 feet 2 i nc h es o f wa t e r. yacht is to be called "The Light. of Heaven." The fittirst, t of the interior are of the m o st gorgeous c h arac t er , c o n!, 1 0 , ing of papier ma c ho ornaments anc rich brocaded Poo which will alone cost a sum of £25,000. This is tad second vessed of the kind whi c h h as b een b u il t an d 6' up for his highness. of FATAL AFFAIR.—One of W o mbw e ll's ex hibitions of wild beasts is now located in this city. On Ttiq be i evening, when the place wa s p re tty f u ll o f v i s i tor s,' a were not a little startled an d t err ifi e d on witnessie.so scene they had not b arga i ne d f or. O ne o f t h e m on k 00 " 0 , having in some w a y di sp l ease d t h e k eeper, that futletl ary chastised po or j ac k o w ith hi s w hi p, w h en t h e ' 1.., W by some means, escaped from his cage, and chattering ?, t io as monkeys can ch a tt er , an d w ith an ag ilit y c h ara cterl'o of the species, ran along the wires of the cage Of .of beasts, followed by the keeper ; and, am id th e scren sl ; o f females, halloang of men, roaring of the lion, howlie''bt the wolf, growls of the ti ger s, & c ., p oor j ac k o was can o s e a by a leopard, drawn into his den, t ram pled upon!, e 0 0 quickly lost to sight in the l e op ar d' s maw, w ho mau bones of his dainty morsel.—Bristol Mirror. Of, THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR PROTECTION BRITISH INDUSTRY AND CAPITAL.—The " declaratinlil,t w hi c h was u nan i mous l y agree d to at t h e great Protec tioi; meeting held in Lond on on th e 12th D ecem b er l a st, edo tinues to be very extensively adopted th rou ghout ec t kingdom. Since our l as t announcement on the sefitsa meetings have been held at the following places, and io' " declaration" unanimously adopted at each : —Kirton Lindsey, Warwi c k, Bi rm i ng h am , C oven t ry , St ra tford - ° ll ,, Avon, Alcester, Polesworth, Romf or d, D ur h a m, BaT e lt, Melton, Pocklington, Church Stretton, Much WCaner Wellington, (Salop,) Leicester, Oakham, Swindon, Devizes, Chippenham, Marlborough, Sudbury, Caltli?' e o Gravesend, and Elgin. The s a m e d ocumen t has also n i 7 o f largely adopted in Ireland, where a ver y gener al fe,./ prevails in favour of the senti m ents ex p resse d in 1 " „ Morning Herald. ARREST OF AN ABSCONDING BRISTOL MERCITA I4 fr The return of the Glasgow to po r t wa s somewhat 11 01 _, o , t o tunate for a Mr. Wood, merchant, of Bristol. He e tt fleeing from his creditors with £12,000 or £14,000 of P a l property among his leggage. He was apprehended o :s a, sent back to Bristol, in custody of an inspector of e gow police. It was known that he had taken a nessegnt'S America in the steamer, and intelligence of the bankt i l i r of absconding, with a no ti ce o f £lOO h av i ng b een offere d e , his capture, had already b een c i rcu l a t e d i n Glogol • When taken into cust o dy, h e h a d on hi s person £700 , 0 , on board the vessel were three or four strong bolce, s fo re petted to cont a in £3,000 or £4,000. H e h as been u „ e , of the Bristol magistrates, an d reman d e d on a char! the fraudulently obtaining a quantity o f o il. At presen"two amount of his debts is not known ; but, if conjee proves correct as to the amount of money in the bole s' dividend may be expected. ht A vnig,„, MR. FEARGUS O'CONNOR AGAIN.—OR Satnra , - etty an incident, which created some excitement at the 145, 4 0 Theatre, took place during the performance of The G 0 " 0 0 of Speculation. Mr. O'Connor, who has obtained ' 0 it/ notoriety from his vagaries during the last week, s l b es' one of the boxes in the dress circle, and when the orc t be tra commenced on a po r ti on o f th e mus i c i nc id e ntal t. e o 00 piece, he began h a ll oo i ng an d m i m i c ki ng t h e music fri' ludicrous a way that the au di ence were completely e'e."oo fled ; but the continued interruption of the perforni°o9 produced loud cries of " Order, order," and " Turn Ito out." Sergeant Morton, 11 A, the office r o n d u ty of, theatre, entered the box and req ues t e d hi m to del ft , otherwise he should be obliged to remove him. lie O'Connor's reply was a blow on the officer's face.,, 1 0 immediately took him i n t o cus t o d y , an d conve yed Ilr o aS, the Bow-street stati o n-h ouse . Th e c h arge o f assail!' s el f formally made, and Mr. O'Connor, having pledged to appear before the magistrates yesterday, (Mo n del was allowed to go away . O n b e i ng lib erate d he ' sea second attempt to enter the theatre, but was re' admission, and his mone rrned to h. eft e l AN OMNIBUS FOR LA y Dl e ES tu .—An o mni bus, buil t the model exhibited in the Crystal Palace, has been sr t he in the Guildhall-yard, London. It is remarkable fe r i ,alo. novelty of its construction, the seats, which are eaP c ben of accommodating ten passengers inside, being det i !,oof somewhat after the style of those in first-class o 'ol' carriages, and so contrived that the passengers sit the their faces to the horses, leaving a clear passage 1 . 1 1 3 ,100 centre of from 18 to 20 inches in width, and 6 feet 4 in" of ' in height. The passage is covered in by a semi.clt ee 'be glass roof, by which means ample light is obtained. .i 0 ventilation is effected by an interstice ove r th e w indenhs each compartment, and perforated metal panels to boo door of the vehicle, which a lt oge th er we i g h s no more 7 00 loaded than the usual o mn ib uses . At th e head e a nd vehicle is an alarm bell to communicate to the driqbeeo conductor, and accessible to all the passengers. , o cl‘ are also a couple of clips for newspapers, an alina, 9 1P indicator, and a lamp. The length of the seats the inches (two more than required by the statute), Y e e o ld omnibus is not more than four inches longer than th e ones. It is the production of a private gentleman. 00. THE MILITIA.—The Observer of Sunday remarks , e (O . the notice placed by Sir George Grey on the ge t d l o3 9 on; Commons paper for Friday next, relates to the mown a of the laws for embodying the Local Militia, arl ic hi. nothing whatever to do with the Regular Militia, s'/..u.. el iCe left precisely as they were. There is a great ditt o ei s e ree between the two forces the Regular Militia is theboo; generally known under the " name, style, title, and se urination" of the " Militia." It is regularly enlistfraer enrolled, and subject to the Mutiny Act, and to al l o olf ditions and exigencies of military service. The o r difference between the regime n t s o f th e li ne an d the to meats of the Militia is, th a t th e l a tt er are on ly coralle' ' oar serve in the United Kin g d om o f G rea t B r it a i n and Ire," v ice, whilst the former are obliged to go on foreign se' 1 . 11 0 whenever and wherever they are ordered to proceed• for t conditions of enrolment for the Local Militia are ti ire much more limited service still. They are only recl.,oo, to serve in their respective counties, and even for linrgliii of drill they cannot be engaged for more th an twenty ' s iod days in any year. It is only in case of actual illtibeir from abroad that they are required to stir beyond at ioo own county; and then it must be after public proela i rs o for s is issued, and parliament called together to prev l ".,oen the safety of the kingdom. The Local Militia, orga n " o le! in this way, may be much more numerous than the Jill 00t Militia. It was in 1812 that the attention of paril, a o ode was directed to this truly national and constitutions', c oll' of defence. And it is a force of all others the mos t o sel stitutional, and the most limited to defensive Pula 0 1 " merely. The Regular militia, on the contrary, sera state over England, Scotland, and Ireland, in as perfect C g s 8 4 of organisation and discipline, and at nearly as perfect expense, as the regiments of the line. We believe A ech never was a time when Englishmen were more 11 0 0, and more hearty to stand by each other, by the f or oo/ 1. and the institutions of the country, than they are„ o the Of the result there could not be a doubt. Bute l' o ur attempt would be deplorable. Without converting_ o f . se l ve s into a nation of a rme d m e n , th ere i s no reaso n w e should be wholly unp re p are d. This state of teta' ss ion' of preparation is only ca lculated to invite aggre... o t t 0 Without assuming an attitude of offence, we ought , ex hibit to the armed mercenaries of Europe a P ti al rich in all th e g ift s o f f or t une , an d w h o ll y unn oM the rudiments of protection. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1852.