The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-11-05 00:00:00

FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. AMERICA By the Royal mail steam-ship Europa, Captain Lott, which arrived in the Mersey on Sunday, at nine o'clock a.m., we have advices from New York to the 23rd ultimo. The Europa brings a large number of passengers and £lOO,OOO in specie on freight. The Asia, Captain Judkins, hence, reached New York at Eleven o'clock a.m. on the 23rd ult. There had been numerous arrivals at New York, by Which we have advices from California to the 15th of September. The Crescent City arrived at New York on the 18th ultimo, w:th a large number of passengers, and 1,222,500 dollars in golddust : the steamer Tennessee was at Panama, with 1,000,000 dollars in golddust ; the steam ship Philadelphia arrived at New York on the 19th ult., with about 1,000,000 dollars in golddust, on freight and in the hands of passengers ; and on the 22nd, the Ohio ar rived at the same port, bringing a large amount of specie belonging to passengers ; on the 22nd the Pacific reached New Orleans with 800,000 dollars in golddust. From our Californian advices we learn that a financial crisis had been experienced in consequence of the failure of one of the most extensive banking and trading houses, which was followed by a suspension on the Hart of two other houses and one private banker. This created a run upon all the other banking-houses, but which, excepting in one instance, was succes,fully met, tending greatly to a renewal of confidence. An expedition up the Klamath an 1 Umplua rivers had resulted in the discovery of rich gold mines. From the mines our accounts are conflict ing, alnough of an encouraging character. In San Fran cisco improvements are very rapidly made ; handsome four-story brick houses having in many instances sprung ap in the district recently destroyed by fire, and the streets were under process of draining, &c. Price of gold dust Sl6 to Sl6 25c. Exchange on London, 30 days, S 4 83c. per pound. The fugitive slave excitement continued in the States. The Pennsylvania Abolition Convention had held a meet ing, at which Frederick Douglas and, other coloured per sons were expected to speak, but, hearing that persons claiming them as fugitive slaves were in pursuit, they had to decamp. The papers are filled with details of suits at law for the recovery of fugitive slaves. Despatches had been received at Washington from the commander of the American Arctic Expedition ; the despatches are dated off Pert Leopold. August 22. On the 19th they fell in with the vessels under the charge of Captain Penny, and on the 21st with the Felix, Sir J. Ross. From Kingston Jamaica, we have advices to the 13th ultimo. Six deaths from cholera had occurred at Port Royal and one at Kingston. In reference to Mexican affairs the Tribune says, that before the close of the extra session of Congress a great reduction would be made in the tariff, and that prohibitions on various articles would be abolished. By the advices from Port-au-Prince, we learn that there was every probability of a war of exter mination between the Haytians and Dominicans. It was reported at Panama, that a revolution, headed by General Flores, was about to be attempted against the public of Grenada. We learn from Cincinnati that, on the 21st ultimo, an an officer from Glasgow (Scotland), arrested a person who some short time since absconded from one of the Gies jow banks ; 1,4(10 dollars were recovered, and he was dis charged from custody. INDIA. EXPRESS FROM MALTA - The state of India is as satisfactory as could be desired. Everywhere the most complete tranquillity prevails, and even our unruly neighbours, the Afredees, have abstained from acts of viOlence The latest act of politeness that we have heard of in a public way is told of the Afredees, who sent word to Captain Coke on the 18th September, that if he did not withdraw his most advanced post in the Kohat, they would come down and do the work of clearance for him. • The officers who were on their trial by court-martial at Cawnpore at the departure of the last mail, for having broken their arrest and fought a duel, have been sen tenced to be cashiered. Sir Charles Napier has pardoned Ensign Huxam, who was wounded, but Lieutenants "White, Smith, and Lietchfield lose their commissions. A regiment amongst the Nizam's own line, Wallas, mutinied and seized the Nizam's with the butt-end of their muskets treasurer, beating hini Her Majesty's 83d Regiment have received orders to hold themselves in readiness to embark for Kurrachee A court-martial, composed of naval officers on board the Hastings, to try Lieutenant Melvin of the Indian Navy for drunkenness. The charges were proved. and the sentence was dismissal from the service. Lord Falkland is now at the Mahabh shwar hills, and is still reported to be sick. Sir Willoughby Cotton, Commander-in-Chief, who has been in the Deccan for some time, is coming down immediately preparatory to . . . his proceeding to Europe. It is said that Sir Charles Napier will leave Simla about the sth of November. His escort has been warned that his Excellency will proceed to Bombay by way of Scinde. PARIS, ELECTORAL HESSE. IMPORTANT MOVEMENT OF TROOPS few lines will show you that the die is cast. A Bavarian and Hungarian corps have, to-day, entered Hesse Cassel, and an Austrian battalion accompanied the former corps. 4,000 men marched from Italy to the Army of the Tyrol, which consists of 30,000 men. Fourteen Infantry batta lions and four Cuirassiers marched from Hungary to join the Bohemian army, which at present consists of 85,000 nen. Both armies are within half-an-hour's march of the respective frontiers. General Schelickclam will be ap pointed to the command of the army corps in active service. General Leiningen, an excellent officer, has taken the command in Frankfort, instead of General Schirnding, the Emperor's commander-in-chief of the Armies of the Confederation. His Majesty left late last night for Prague ; he was accompanied by Prince Schwart- zaber i BERLIN, OCT. 26. —The military movements towards the Hessian frontier still continue, but in the detail nothing now of importance. General Halm had been despatched by the Russian Government to the Holstein Government. Two of the three cotton mills in Maryland are on half time. The third is stopped altogether. A movement has been started at Rotterdam for the for mation of a company to establish steam communication between that port and New York. The total proceeds of sixteen concerts in America by Jenny Lind are estimated at 8200,000. She has present ed the charities of Boston with 47,225, the proceeds of one concert. The audience in the railway depot, on her farewell concert in Boston, exceeded 6,000 ; and the crowd in the square amounted to 20,000 more, all of whom distinctly heard the Swedish nightingale. In Germany:everything indicates the approach of war. Large bodies of troops are already in motion. Mean while, the Emperor of Russia has collected an assembly of monarchs and diplomatists at Warsaw, where he and his guests divide their time between business and festi vities. They are, as Louis Philippe said of his Royal cousin, in 1830, only on a larger scale dancing on a vol cano. Dr. Lang, of Australian celebrity, has emerged from the debtors' ward of Melbourne Prison to take his seat in the Legislature of New South Wales. He was elected at the end of July, defeating a Mr. Holden by 25 votes. The Doctor, we are told, was dragged home, the horses hav ing been taken from his carriage by the multitude. The Daily News assures us that the Rev. Doctor is most unpopular and that the act of the mob is only an indi cation of ilia hostile spirit which animates the people in Australia to the Downing-street regime. GoLn.—From the Ist of August to the 13th of Septem ber there was shipped from San Francisco, in various vessels, 5,112,880 dollars, whilst, during the sane period, the import of bullion amounted only to 295,000 dollars, most of which came from Mexico. The Sacramento and Stockton journals record numerous miners' bits. At Coryota diggings, twenty-five feet deep, £4,600 was taken out in two days. On the South Fork of Feather River eight men realised £2,600 per week • and at another dig ging nearly £lOO each was daily realised by three cradles. One solid rock of 141bs. had been found. Quicksilver was entering into use to some extent. On Nelson's Creek miners realised half-an-ounce per day. Many of the streams of the Upper Sacramento were dry, and fair suc cess was being attained at the Trinity digging. Great hopes were held regarding the yield of the Sacr Lento's head water Francisco. A. French journal had been started at Sa IRELAND. Monday night upwards of £l,OOO worth of farming stock was destroyed by fire on the estate of Mr. Joyce, of Rathsane, county Galway. On the night of the 16th ult., some malicious persons stripped no fewer than forty sheep, on Kaddue, about four miles from the town of Donegal, of every particle of their wool. Four more sheep on the same mountain were carried off by the marauders. The island of Achill—where Mr. Nangle's missionary work is carried on—is to be sold under the Encumbered Estates Act. The land required (about 7000 acres) for the mission has been offered to Mr. Nangle for £4OOO, and an appeal for this sum is now made to the Protestant public. May it be eminently successful. A shocking murder is stated by the Limerick Reporter to have been perpetrated near Templemore on Saturday last, a young man, named Thomas Martin, having been slaughtered in a very barbarous manner, for having taken some land adjoining his own, from which a person named James Joyce had been dispossessed. One person is in custody for the murder. CONVERSION OP ENGLAND.—Father Ignatius (the Hon. and Rev. Mr. Spencer) is touring it in the north of Ireland, where he is amusing himself by preaching up the advent of the reconversion of England to the faith of Rome. Holding forth at Lurgan, the rev. enthusiast, in enumerating his grounds of hope, said that the element of (Roman) Catholicity was to be found in the Methodist body. The Bunting schism has probably led to this not over sapient conclusion. IRISH ESTATES : MOST IMPORTANT SALE OF THE NORTHERN PORTION OF LORD MOUNTCA SHELL'S LANDS. —On the Bth instant, at the Rotunda in Dublin, the En cumbered Estates Commissioners will sell in lots, 50,000 acres of prime land belonging to the Earl of Mountcashell. The produce of the sale, it is expected, will amount to nearly £450,000, so our readers may conclude as to the quality of the land. The Irish acre, it must be borne is mind, greatly exceeds the English measurement. The estates are situated in the centre of the county Antrim, near the towns of Ballymena, Broughshane, Glenarrn, and Larne, with direct railway communication through them, and two stations upon the estate—or the character of the occupying tenants, who throughout the vicissitudes of the trying famine-years have held their ground firmly, and show a rent-roll as devoid of arrears as any property in the kingdom. The estate is divided into four parts— the Kells gatate, the Braid Estate, the Olenvalirr7 Estate, and the Galgorm Estate. They are chiefly let upon leases and at rents much below the government valuation. The Kells Estate contains 3,556 a. or. 3 p., at a rent of £2157 9s. 6d., and of the estimated value of £2688 15s. ld. ; the Braid Estate contains 24,892 a. 2r. 34p., at a rent of £5,888 175., and of the estimated value of £7,502 ; the Glenwhirry Estate contains 11,401 a. Or. 7p., at a rent of £4lO 12s. Bd., let on lease for lives renewable for ever ; the Galeorm Estate contains 8,726 a. lr. 2p., at a rent of £3,641 14s. 3d., end of the estimated value of £5,100. The gross rental shows the sum of £12,016 13s. 2d., and the amount of head-rents £5955. 3d. It is estimated that the rentals will, on the falling of the present leases, be inereased by about £4,' 00 per annum, of which sum there will be an increase of fully £2,000 upon the death of a life at present in his 70th year. The rental published under the direction of the commissioners, sets forth most clearly the condition of the several estates, and is illustrated very fully by maps of each, showing the several lots into which they are divided for sale, as well as a general map of the railway and steam communication with the great towns of Ireland, England, and Scotland. This is important, as from the situation of the property it will form as eligible an investment for the monied interests of the manu facturing districts of England and Scotland as for those of Dublin. COURT AND FASHION. * Her Majesty, Prince Albert, and the royal family, ar rived at Windsor Castle on Friday from Osborne House, Isle of Wight. The Court is expected to return to Osborne at the end of the month till Christmas, The Queen and Prince Albert have written to Mr. Ellis Roberts (through Col. Grey) that they " will be glad to hear him perform upon the harp, at Windsor Castle, on the occasion of the birthday of the Prince of Wales." The Earl and Countess of Ellesmere and family have sailed for Lisbon in his lordship's yacht the Emma. Vis count and Vicountess Brackley have gone to Torquay for the winter. His lordship is still in delicate health. POLITICAL MISCELLANY. The Right Hon. Richard Lalor Shiel has been ap pointed her Majesty's Plenipotentiary at Florence, in the place of the late Sir George Hamilton. The vacant governorship of Prince Edward's island is to be filled up by the appointment of Mr. Daly, formerly secretary to the Canadas. An important meeting of the Somersetshire Protec tionist and Conservative Association has been held at Bridgewater, when Mr. Miles bore testimony to the un altered determination of Lord Stanley and the Protectionist party, to persevere in their demand for protective duties. It is announced from high authority that the Queen is most anxious to receive the addresses of her loyal and faithful people, and ready to respond to their uncom promising determination to resist the Papal interference with her authority. PRESENT EMPLOYMENT AND REMUNERATION OF WORKMEN.—At the time of the Revolution, according to Mr. Macaulay, the yeomanry of England and their fami lies constituted one-seventh of the population ; they de rived their subsistence from their own properties, which they cultivated with their own hands ; their average in come, being made up of rent, p ro fit, an d wages , amoun t e d to about £7O a-year (the value of money at that period being, however, much higher than now), and they are described by Mr. Macauley as " an eminently manly and true-hearted race," who persisted in " regarding popery and arbitrary power with unmitigated hostility." How fares it now with the small shopkeeper of the town. He had, or perhaps he still retains, a little capital, but what does it avail him ? Superintended by himself, and by his wife and daughters, it afforded a happy, peaceful, honest livelihood to a united family. But his shop is now va cant; he is crushed by the competition of the all-engross. ing mart; there is no mode of investment in which his petty capital, deprived of his own superintendence, can yielu him the means of support. He may, perhaps, get some of his family situations at small salaries in the great establishment which has overwhelmed him, and then transport himself and his family to some younger country where wealth is not yet so concentrated. Now the work- ••., ea •• &ay ,flisca i sca. cum. employer'', WM WM/ arc obliged to put their hands to everything in the course of the day, working along with their masters, who are not very much removed from them in station, constantly shift from one occupation to another, will fall into a claw ing habit, that will enable them s work without encountering any ;rest degree of toil. Add to this more especially, that the iccumulation of wealth is not the object, does not become the tone of society, until an advanced stage of its progress. Every man is satisfied if he can continue pretty much as heis, and rear his children in the same fashion in which he was himself brought up. But when the work of pro- duction falls into the hands of great capitalists—when quickness of return, and not the rate of profit, 1. the great object of desire, then must every occu ti on be so distributed that not a moment may be lost 1;Y-a-;;), workman from early dawn to dark night ; nothing then but the most strenuous and most continuous exer ti on will tisfy t he rug .ements of the employer ; the workman who will not contribute this must be cast aside altoeether. abundantly, in money. Every stimulus to exertion will be held out to him, and, while his frame lasts, he will get wages such as workman never got before ; he will have more to expend on stimularts to revive his exhausted na ture, than his forefathers expended on the necessaries of life ; but-it is on the condition we have stated, a condition which the energy and determination of our Anglo-Saxon race makes them ready enough to fulfil—that of incessant tion of large capitals and the abolition of ists, has in some degree occasioned that peculiar phase of society which now presents itself—that a workman can earn nothing unless he works intensely hard, but that by doing so he will earn very much more than ever he did before.—Dublin University Magazine. RAIL WA Y 4FFAIRS, The London and North-Western Railway Company have put on two hundred mechanics at the locomotive works at Crewe, for the purpose of constructing the addi tional stock of carriages and engines required. The opening of the Whitehaven and Furness junction railway took place on Tuesday. The line extends from Whitehaven to Broughton, where a junction is effected with the Furness line. which runs via the beautiful ruins of Furness Abbey to Roa Island, from which steam boats are constantly plying to Fleetwood. UNIVERSITY 4ND CLERICAL NEWS, A new church at Penrith was consecrated on Thursday Three-fourths of the whole sitting s are tree A new church is about to be erected in St. Luke's die trict, Bristol. The sum of £5OOO has been already sub scribed. The late Dr. Thackery, Provost of King's College, Cambridge, has cleft £lO,OOO to nine charities, among which are the Pastoral Aid and the Church Missionary Societies. Mr. and Miss Norris have presented £7OO additional towards the North Malvern Church Building Fund, and munificent sum of £l,BOO given by these liberal patrons of Malvern. The Archdeacon of Coventry has convened a meeting of the clergy of the Archdeaconry, to be held at the King's Head Inn, Coventry, on Wednesday next, to take into consideration the recent appointment of a Roman Catholic Bishop of Birmingham. The protest of the clergy of the Archdeaconry of Mid dlesex, inviting the co-operation of the laity in resistance to the recent Papal aggressions, received in the course of a day and a-half upwards of two hundred signatures. It is confidently expected that the demonstration made in the diocese of London will be followed up not only by similar meetings and protests of clergy, but by petitions and addresses of the laity. We understand that several of the metropolitan parishes are already in motion. TRACTARIANISM.—The Record states that the Lord Chancellor has promised the living of East Farleiah, held by the Rev. Henry Wilberforce, now a Papist, to another Tractarian, from motives of private friendship. The Christian Times states that Mr. Wilberforce, however, will not resign the living ; and that, as the Chancellor has no means of compelling the subjects of foreign states to give evidence, and Mr. Wilberforce was received into the Romish church at Mechlins in Belgium, there are no means of legally dispossessing him. The Rev. Mr. Wynn, Fellow of All souls' College, Oxford, who conformed to the Papal church some months ago at Rome, has also refused to resign his fellowship ; and it is supposed there is the same difficulty as occurs in the case of Mr. Wilber force in the way of compelling him.—Church and State Gazette. GREAT MEETING OF THE LONDON' CLERGY.—On Thursday morning an aggregate meeting of the beneficed clergy of the city of London was held at Sion College, in pursuance of a requisition addressed to the Venerable Archdeacon of London, for the purpose of memorializing the Lord Bishop of the Diocese on the sui,ject of the appointment of the Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster, and to express publicly their collective opinion on the projected establishment of the Romish hierarchy in this country. At twelve o'clock, the hour appointed for the meeting, there was a very full attendance of the clergy. In the absence from illness of the Venerable Archdeacon of London, the chair was filled by the Rev. H. Roxby Roxby, M.A., rector of St. Olave's, Old Jewry, and pre sident of Sion College for the ensuing year. The meeting having been opened by prayer, was addressed by the Rev. Chairman, and several other clergymen ; and though it was suggested that an address should be presented to her Majesty, the address proposed to the Bishop was most unanimously adopted ; and at the conclusion it was agreed that another meeting should take place for the purpose of adopting an address to the Crown. THE BISHOP OF ROCHESTER, at a meeting at Colches. ter, on Monda•-, in behalf of the Society for the Propaga gation of the Gospel, alluded in terms of indignation to the Pope's " Apostolic Letter," establishing Roman Catholic bishoprics throughout England and Wales. "At a moment (he said) when so much zeal is shown by the Roman Catholic church, I may call upon you, more par ticularly on an occasion like this, to exert your influence in exery possible way in spreading the truths of the Gos pel, according to the doctrine of the Church of England. I mention the zeal of that church, because, within the last ten days, most astounding facts have been made known to the public, not, as heretofore, of their exertions abroad, but that the Pope has had, I must call it, the audacity to issue a bull in this country creating an arch bishop and twelve bishops to superintend dioceses named after our principal towns. I think this is a fact that must rouse the Protestants of this country, especially if it be true, as the Pope himself states, that he received en couragement to take the step that he has done, and 1 hope that petitions against it will be poured in from every part of the kingdom." His lordship's remarks were received with loud cheers. TAE LINERPOOL STANDARD. TO ARCHDEACON WILBERFORCE. VENERABLE SIR,--The numerous misrepresentations contained in your last letter compel me to write again. I admire the skill of your attempt, by the introduction of new and irrelevant matter, to put me on self-defence, and under cover of this to withdraw attention from your own equivocal position. But skilful though it be, it shall not be successful. If I give a spe , imen of your misre presentations, it is not to defend myself, but that our readers may have an opportunity to judge of your fairness and candour. First, you say that I have " engaged" you in this cor respondence, and in your note to the editor of the Times you call my letter an "attack." Your agitating circular, which provoked the correspon dence, preceded my first letter by several weeks. That letter of mine was one of many elicited by your circular. You allowed all the others to pass unnoticed, and selected mine for a reply. Of course you must have expected a rejoinder, and now you call that rejoinder an attack! Instead of reiterating your assertion without proof, be so good as to attend to these facts. Second, you say, " Let me add, in relation to your last letter, (I suppress the obvious sarcasm which suggests itself.) that I did not, as you suppose, confound you with Dr. Chalmers." I never supposed or intimated that you confounded me with that distinguished man; but willing to suggest some possible apology for your unfounded assertion concerning a volume of mine, I supposed that you had confounded it with a volume of his on the same subject. I still think so. You do not deny it. My words were, "I think you must have confounded mu volume with one by Dr. Chalmers on the same subject!' In this way alone could I account for your misrepresenta tion of my sentiments as contained in that volume—a misrepresentation as flagrant as I ever met with in the most unscrupulous controversialist of any school—a mis representation which I fully exposed by reference to my volume in my last letter—a misrepresentation, let me add, which you have neither retracted nor explained, nor justi fied in the slightest degree. Be so kind (to yourself) as to write your next letter in a practical remembrance of the ninth commandment. You may perhaps consider this " acrimony such as it has been your hope and effort not to retaliate ;" but honesty is earnest, and the common refuge of evasion is to affect forbearance, and charge honest earnestness with acrimonious severity. You should rather call this kind consideration on my part; seeing that it affords you a golden opportunity to prove your real meekness by a can did acknowledgement of your fault. Third, you now, for the first time, introduce a distinc tion which you adroitly intimate has been already before us, and against which ycu suppose me to argue. You say you " affirmed only that the Queen's supremacy was legal, not absolute." Had that been your affirmation, it would never have provoked a denial from me ; but I look for i` in vain in your circular, or your declaration, or your former letters. In your declaration you say that " you acknowledge the supremacy of the crown in ecclesiastical matters to be a supreme civil power over all persons and causes in tem poral things, and over the temporal accidents of spiritual things." Here is a pointed rejection of " spiritual things" them selves; although they are included in the words of the canon, as expressly as temporal things ; but you give no intimation of a distinction between a legal and an abso lute supremacy. In your first letter you say, " The royal supremacy may mean two things—the ancient authority which was restored to the crown, or the modern authority conferred upon it." Neither of these was absolute. The distinc tion between them, if any, is between law and law ; and therefore there is no intimation here of the distinction to which you now have recourse, between legal and aosolute. In my last letter I said, " You assert a distinction be tween the `ancient supremacy which was restored by the crown, and the supremacy which has been created by the recent statutes ;' but you make no attempt to point out wherein the distinction lies, or to show that it affects the essence of the authority, or extends to anything more than the manner of its administration." A difference there is indeed between the constitution of the judicial com mittee, as now existing, and the constitution of the court of delegates; but there IS no difference in the legality of the supremacy administered by them My ar- gument on this Point had reference to our different inter pretations of what is legal, and not at all to the difference between what is legal and what is absolute. What I said was in exposition of our thirty-sixth canon, which asserts the legal authority of our Sovereign, an authority ad mitted on all hands to be administrative of the " existing• state of the law," and not till now, in this discussion, con. trasted with an absolute authority. It is happy for us in this age and realm, that the ques tion between the abso!ute and the legal need not be dis cussed. It has been long since settled here in England. Our Christian doctrines are not now to be defined, or our ecclesiastical laws to be framed. The questions under discussion are matters not of legislation, but of interpre tation, and the decision to be made by royal authority, in any extreme case, is, whether the doctrines, or opinions, or practices objected to, be in agreement or disagreement with the existing state of the law. If our essential Chris tian doctrines required alterations, or emendations, or ad- ditions, as our secular laws do, reason would that we should have a spiritual legislature : but as, thanks to God, this is not the case ; as our doctrines are settled, and repudiate ail pretence at development or improvement; all we require is a competent administrative judge. I gratefully avail myself of the words of the Archbishop of Canterbury, where his grace save, " Our doctrines and our formularies were settled at the Reformation, and the agreement or disagreement of these with any opinior .eu may Jecome matter of inquiry is a question well suited to the habits of the Judicial Committee, as now existing." Fourthly, you say that I " did not at that time" (im plying. of course, that now I do) " suppose that to inter pret Scripture differently from the chief member of the church was refractory and rebellious." I did not indeed, at any time, suppose or assert it. What I said was, that I looked upon any one who denied or disputed the supreme authority of the sovereign as re fractory and rebellious. What supreme authority ? I was expounding the 36th canon at the time, and obviously referring to the authority therein defined. It is that au thority which, in my opinion, you are disputing. How you "interpret Scripture" I do not know. Such are some of the misrepresentations contained in your last letter. To justify yourself in issuing and abiding by your de claration, you should rather have addressed yourself to the task of proving your alleged distinction between the " ancient supremacy restored to the crown," to which you are bound by oath and subscription, and " the supre macy created by recent statutes," against which you are endeavouring to excite an extensive agitation. For the reconciliation of your conduct with your oath, that dis tinction ought to be made clearly manifest. It is not enough that you assert its existence, you ought to point out wherein it consists. You cannot with truth say that the one is legal and the other absolute, for both are legal, defined by statute. The question of absolute irresponsible authority is not involved at all in this discussion, but only the interpretation of what is legal. Till you have defined this more closely, and established such a distinction between the ancient and modern laws as will justify subscription on oath to the one, and active agitation against the other, you must be content to rest under the public imputation of a painfully suspicious in consistency an imputation grievously strengthened by your well-known accordance with a party in our Church who have been, one after another passing over to Rome; and on the strength of whose supposed influence in this country, it seems, the Pope of Rome has been ep.couraged to parcel out the kingdom of England amongst his schis matical bishops. The divisions which have recently taken place in that party, and the revelations made by seceders from it, concerning the secret teaching and clandestine practices of some of its leaders, have gone far to present it in its true light before the nation. And whatever fa vour might attend a calm proposal for some moderate and discriminating change in the constitution of the Judicial Committee ; however reasonable men and sound Church men might desire some such modification as would re quire all members of the court of appeal to be c embers of the Church,•there is, I think, no national favour, but, on the contrary, a rapidly extending disgust, towards an agitation which, under pretence of the independence of the Church, aims at placing the priesthood in a position to mar the simplicity of our national ritual, to constitute themselves the judges of who should and who should not be excommunicated, and thereby to wield coercive tyranny over their conscientious lay brethren. It won't do. The days of prostration under priestcraft are ended. I appreciate the depth and sincerity of your concern for my moderation and consistency. Had I disturbed the peace of the Church, and attempted an agitation by a cir cular like your's, I would have left wyaelf fairly open, and could not ha.o rcabonably complained against any re coil. As it is, all you say on this point is nothing to the purpose. I scorned an anonymous reply to your circular, and your recoil on me personally can in no wise strengthen or justify yourself. Against " Jezebel," of whom you kindly remind me, I am consistent, though not what you deem moderate ; be cause the Word of God is not moderate. It dzseribes her as an idolatrous woman allied to the people of God, and availing herself of the influence of that alliance to perse cute to death the true prophets of the Lord, a woman calling herself a prophetess and teaching and seducing the people of God to practise idolatry. Less than this I can not say of her, because I have a commission to " preach the word." Against will worship, purgatory, pardons, adoration as well of images as of reliques, and also invocation of saints ; against public prayer in an unknown tongue; against transubstantiation, which overthroweth the nature of a sacrament ; against adoration of the sacramental bread and wine, an idolatry to be abhorred of all faithful Chris tians ; against the withholding of the cup in the Lord's supper from the laity; against the compulsory celibacy of the clergy; against the jurisdiction, of any sort of de gree, of the Bishop of Rome in this realm of England ; against all these, and falsehoods kindred to these, taught systematically in Maynooth College ; also against the use of rosaries and crucifixes, special devotions to the five wounds of our Saviour, auricular confession, monastic life, and all the other Romish practices which Mr. Dods worth compliments Dr. Pusey on having secretly taught his disciples and friends, I am consistent, and hope, by God's help, to remain so, because I have, ex animo, with out equivocation or mental reservation, or non-natural interpretation, subscribed our Thirty-nine Articles. Against Roman Catholic emancipation, which you have deemed it relevant to introduce, I am consistent, believ ing, as I did at the time, that it was a betrayal of the best interests of our Christian Church, and by inevitable consequence, sooner or later, of the highest prosperity of this state and kingdom ; and believing, as I do now, that it opened the door for those machinations of the society of Jesuits, under various disguises, lay ond clerical, male and female, which are shaking the foutzdations of our social edifice. With dutiful respect, and conscientious fidelity, I would address to our most gracious Queen th language of John Picus, Earl of Mirandula, to the Em. peror Maximilian, in A.D. 1500. Complaining of the state of the Church in his days, he said, "It is shaken by outward enemies, rent in pieces by inward ; and this sheepfold, enclosed about, and consecrated by the blood of Jesus Christ. hath suffered, and doth daily suffer, much more from wolves in sheep's clothing, than from the wolves which assail it in their own skin. Set, therefore, your hand to it, most excellent Emperor"—his appeal for Church reform was to the imperial supremacy—" show thyself a faithful servant to Christ, the King of kings, who will presently deliver his sheep, both from enemies and from perfidious pastors." One word more. You are agitating against the exist. ing state of the law, under pretence that it is not what it was, or what you understood it to be. " For," you say, " the ultimate decision in points of doctrine was neither exercised nor possessed by our sovereign till it was given to the crown by act of parliament seventeen years ago." Now, without opening the discussion again, and show ing that the spiritual supremacy of our sovereign has respect to our fixed doctrines, as her temporal. supremacy has to existing acts of parliament, I wish to ask you how it has happened that, during the seventeen years to wnich you refer, you have never objected to the existing state of the law until now ? Nay, that within the last few months you acquiesced in the principle of the appeal, published no pro'est against the constitution of the Judi cial Committee, observed a respectful and deferential silence during the protracted pleadings, and the removal of the cause from court to court, and that not until the decision was final and adverse did we hear a word of objection from you ? Is your objection to the court or to the verdict ? If to the court, you canoot be complimented on your faithful consistency for seventeen years : if to the verdict, you occupy the common place, and are certainly entitled to the common sympathy, of defeated and mortified clients. —I am, venerable sir, your obedient servant, Liverpool, 28th October, 1850. HUGH M`NEILE DR. WISEMAN'S APPOINTMENT, The Bishop of London has replied in vigorous terms to the address presented to him by the clergy of Westmin ster, on the recent appointment by the Pope of an Arch bishop of Westminster. Since that address was presented, above twenty additional signatures have been received. The following is the Bishop's reply : " Fulham, October 26, 1850. " Reverend and Dear Brethren,—The sentiments expressed in the address which you have presented to me are in entire accordance with mine, and I am persuaded that they will be responded to by the unanimous feeling of Protestant England. "The recent assumption of authority by the Bishop of Rome, in pretending to parcel out this country into new dioceses, and to appoint Archbishops and Bishops to preside over them, without the consent of the Sovere►gn, is a schismatical act without p►ecedent, and one which would not be tolerated by the Government of any Roman Catholic kingdom. I trust that it will not be quietly submitted to by our own. " Hitherto, from the time of the Refoi : mation, the Pope has been contented with providing for the spiritual superintend ence of his adherents in this country, by the appointment of Vicars Apostolic—Bishops who took their titles as such, not from any real or pretended sees in England, but from some imaginary dioceses in partibus infideliuni. In this there was no assumption of spiritual authority over any other of the subjects of the English Crown than those of his own commu nion. But the appointment of Bishops to preside over new dioceses in England, constituted by a papal brief, is virtually a denial of the legitimate authority . of the British sovereign and of the English Episcopate; a dental also of the validity of our orders, and an assertion of spiritual jurisdiction over the whole Christian people of the realm. . . `` That it is . regarded in this light by the Pope's adherents in this couty ry is apparent from the language in which they feli citate themselves upon this arrogant attempt to stretch his authority beyond its proper limits: A journal, which is gene rally believed to express the sentiments of a large purtion of them at least (not, I believe, of all), points out, in the follow ing words, the difference between the Vicars Apostolic and the pretended diocesan Bishops. Alluding to certain members of our Church, who are accused of a lerning towards Rome, it says:—' In this act of Pius IX. they have that open declaration for which they have been, so long professing to look. Rome, said they, has never yet formally spoken against us. Her Bishops, indeed, are tent here. not as havinv nnv Inrni nnthn_ rity, but as pastors without flocks; Bishops of Tadmor in the Desert, or of the ruins of Babylon, intruding into territories w:lich they cannot formally claim as their own. This specious argument is once for all silenced. Rome has more than spo. ken—she has spoken and acted. She has Lgain divided our land into dioceses, and has placed over each a pastor, to whom all baptised persons, without exception, within that district, are openly commanded to submit themselves in all ecclesiasti cal matters under pain of damnation; and the Anglican Sees, thnaP ohnßl,2 nf ......... " The advisers of the Pope have skilfully contrived so to shape this encroachment upon the rights and honour of the Crown and Church of England, that his nominees to imaginary dioceses will not actually offend against the letter of the law by assuming the titles which he has pretended to confer upon velem ; out treat it is contrary to the spirit of the law there can be no doubt. As little doubt can there he that it is intended as an insult to the Sovereign and the Church of this country. " With respect to the conduct proper to be pursued by you on this occasion, it ought, in my opinion, to be temperate and charitable, but firm and uncompromising. " You will do well to call the attention of your people to the real purport of this open assault upon our Reformed Church ; and to take measures for petitioning the Legislature to carry out the principle of the statute which forbids all persons, other than the perse ,„..uns -,lsed by law, to assume or use the name, style, or title of an Archbishop of any province, Bishop of any bishopric, or Dean of any deanery in England or Ireland, by extending the prohibition to any pretended diocese or deane ries in these realms. " It is possible that such prohibitions might not have the effect of preventing tl'e assumption of titles by the Papal Bishops when dealing with their own adherents ; but it would make the assumption unlawful, and it would mark the deter mination of the people of this country not to permit any fo reign Prelate to exercise spiritual ju r isdicti on over them. a But there are other duties besides those of protesting and petitioning, the performance of which seems to be specially required of us by the present emergency. Unwilling as lam to encourage controversial preaching, I must say that we are driven to base recourae to it by this attempted usurpation of authority on the put of the Bishbp of Rome, and by the acti vity and subtlety of his emissaries in all parts of the kingdom. We are surely called upon for a more than ordinary measure of watchfulness and diligence in fulfilling the promise which we gave when we were admitted to the priesthood, to banish and drive away all erroneous and strange doctrines contrary to God's word.' " Let us he careful, as well in our public ministrations as in our private monitions and exhortations, to refrain from doing or saying anything which may seem to indicate a wish to make the slightest approach to a Church which, far from manifesting a desire to lay aside any of the errors and superstitions which compelled us to separate from it, is now reasserting them with a degree of boldness unknown since the Reformation ; is add ing new credenda to its articles of faith, and is undisguisedly teaching its members the duty of worshipping the creature with the worship due only to the Creator. " After all, I am much inclined to believe that in having recourse to the extreme measure which has called forth your address, the Court of Rome has been ill-advised as regards the extension of its influence in this country, and that it has taken a false step. That step will, I am convinced, tend to strengthen the Protestant feeling of the people at large, and will cause some persons to hesitate and draw back who are disposed to make concessions to Rome, under a mistaken impression that she has abated somewhat of her ancient pretensions, and that a union of the two Churches might possibly be effected without the sacrifice of any fundamental principle. Hardly anything could more effectually dispel that illusion than the recent pro ceeding of the Roman Pontiff. He virtually condemns and excommunicates the whole English Church, Sovereign, Bi shops, clergy, and laity, and shuts the door against every scheme of comprehension save that which should take for its basis an entire and unconditional submission to the spiritual authority of the Bishop of Rome. " That it may please the Divine Head of the Church, who is the true centre of unity and the only infallible judge, to guide and strengthen us in these days of rebuke and trial , to open our eyes to the dangers we are in by our unhappy divisions, and to unite us in one holy bond of truth and peace, of faith and charity, is the earnest prayer, reverend and dear brethren, of your affectionate friend and bishop, _ _ (Signed) " To the Rev. the Clergy of the City and Liberties of Westminster." " C. J. LONDON It is with feelings of pleasure that we publish the fol lowing official letter, with reference to the supposed sanc tion of the government to the steps recently taken by the Pope. It was addressed to a gentleman in Exeter : " Downing-street, Oct. 28. 1850. " Sir,- —I am directed by Lord John Russell to inform you, in answer to your question whether a list of Roman Catholic prelates contained in a newspaper is correct, that he has no other means of judging than you have yourself—namely, by reading the bull of the Pope in the newspapers. " o the second question, whether the creation of the above Popish bishoprics, or the appointments thereto, have received the sanction and approbation of her Majesty's ministers ? ' I am directed to answer that they Wive not received such sanc tion and approbation. " I am directed further to state that Lord Minto, when in Rome. was not consulted on this measure, and never gave any countenance to it. " I have the honour to he, Sir, " Your obedient servant, " R, W. GREY.' The following protest against the insult recently offered by the Bishop of Rome to the Sovereign and Church of England is in course of signature by the clergy of the archdeaconry of Middlesex. The names, already nume rous, will be published in a few days : " We, the archdeacon and undersigned clergy of the arch deaconry of Middlesex, consider it our duty to make a public declaration of our sentiments in an emergency without a pre-. cedent in the annals of this Reformed Church. . " The Bishop of Rome, in pursuance of an aggressive policy not attempted in this country since the Reformation by the boldest of his predecessors, has presumed to nominate a Ro mish ecclesiastical Archbishop of Westminster, and to desig nate other English cities or towns as episcopal sees of other Romish ecclesiastics ; thus giving a complete provincial and diocesan organisation to the Papal hierarchy in England and Wales. _ . " We, therefore, the undersigned ministers of Christ's Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church, having been duly called ac cording to the laws of this Church and realm to discharge spiritual functions ; being also bound by our ordination vows ' to minister the discipline of Christ as this Church and realm have received the same;' and to banish and drive away all erroneous and strange doctrines contrary to God's Word'; — and having solemnly declared our assent to the principle em bodied in the ordinal, articles, and canons of our Church, that ' the Queen's . Majesty, under God, is the only supreme gover nor of this realm, as well in all spiritual or ecclesiastical causes as in temporal' ' • and that no foreign prince or prelate bath, or ought to have , here, any power, superiority, pre-eminence, or authority, ecclesiastical or spiritual, and that' the Bishop of Rome bath no jurisdiction in this realm of England' ;—feel it our bounden duty, • at this unprecedented crisis, to protest against this usurpation of authority by a foreign prelate, and to invite the co-operation of our lay brethren in prevailing upon her Majesty's government, and if necessary on the legis• lature, to adopt such measures as shall cause this schismatical and intrusive step to be retraced, and prevent those evil con sequences to our national institutions which it must otherwise produce." - - - The Rev. the vicar of Leeds has just issued the following notice : "I give notice, that after the Becalm' Chapter on Monday, a meeting of the clergy of the deanery of Leeds will be held in th e vestry of the parish church, to take into consideration the pro priety of addressing the Lord Bishop of the diwese, upon the insult offered to the Church and State of England, by the into lerable pride and tyranny of a foreign prince and potentate, who neither bath nor ought to have any jurisdiction, power, superi ority, pre-eminence, or authority, ecclesiastical or spiritual, within this realm, but who has lately established, so far as in him lies, an heretical and schismatical hierarchy among us ; and also, in the event of the clergy deciding upon an address to his lordship, to draw up, or to appo int a committee to draw up, such ah address as shall express tde sentiments of the meeting. W. F. 11430 K, D.D., Rural Dean. Vicarage, ,Leeds, 31e1 October,lBso. THE BISHOP OF LONDON'S CHARGE. The Bishop of London delivered his triennial charge on Saturday, and was listened to with great attention by an unusually large auditory. We give in another column his lordship's sentiments on the recent Papal aggressions, and we have only room here for one or two other extracts. The charge adverts in terms of censure to the course pur sued by those who hope, by imitating Romish practices and admitting Romish notions, to retain persons of doubtful mind in the communion of the Church of England ; " Concessions to error can never really serve the cause of truth. If some few have thus been retained within the pale of our Church, many others have been gradually trained for secession from it. A taste has been excited in them for forms and observances which has stimulated without satisfying their appetite, and they have naturally sought for gratification in the Church of Rome. They have been led, step by step, to the very verge of the pre cipice, and then, to the surprise of their guides, have fallen over. I know that this happened in some instances. I have no doubt of its having happened in many. Then, with respect to doctrine—what can be better calculated to lead the less learned, or the less thoughtful, members of our Protestant Church to look with complacency upon the errors which their Church has renounced, and at length to embrace them, than to have books of devotion put into their hands by their own clergymen, in which all but di vine honour is paid to the Virgin Mary —a propitiatory virtue is attributed to the Eucharist—the mediation of the Saints is spoken of as a probable doctrine—prayer for the dead urged as a positive duty—and a superstitious use of the sign of the cross is recommended as profitable? - Add to this the secret practice of auricular confession, the use of crucifixes and rosaries, the administration of what is termed the sacrament of penance, and it is manifest that they who are taught to believe that such things are com patible with the principles of the English Church, must also believe it to be separated from that of Rome by a faint and almost imperceptible line, and be prepared to pass that line without much fear of incurring the guilt of schism." The Bishop, likewise, expresses himself in terms of strong disapprobation with regard to the innovations in troduced into the performance of Divine service : " These innovations have, in some instances, been carried to such a length as to render the Church service almost histrionic. I really cannot characterize by a gentler term the continued changes of posture, the frequent genu flexions. the crossings, the peculiarities of dress, and some of the decorations of Churches to which I allude. They are, after all, a poor imitation of the Roman ceremonial, and furnish, I have no doubt, to the observant members of that Church, a subject, on the one hand, of ridicule, as being a faint and meagre copy of their own gaudy ritual, and, on the other hand, of exultation, as preparing those who take delight in them to seek a fuller gratification of their taste in the Roman communion." He complains, more•,ver, of the want of deference shown to his remonstrances on this subject :—" Neither my public exhortations nor my private admonitions have produced the desired effect. I have been told that I had no authority to forbid anything that was not in express terms forbidden by law ; and that practices; which though properly laid aside by the Church, and so by impli cation condemned, have not been actually prohibited, are therefore lawful, and that canonical obedience to a bishop is .only that which he can enforce in a court of law ; and so the innovations which I objected to have been persisted in, with additional changes introduced from time to time, with the manifest purpose of assimilating the services of our Reformed Church as nearly as possible to those of the Roman. Once more I declare my entire disapproval of such practices, and my earnest wish that, while every di rection of the Rubric and Canons is observed where it is possible, no form should be introduced into the celebra tion of public worship which is not expressly prescribed by them, or sanctioned by ►ong-established usage." MARRIAGES, BIRTHS, AND DEATHS IN ENGLAND We have received the Registrar General's return on these subjects for the summer quarter ending June last. The mortality was much below the average, and the pub lic health had never been so good since 1845 as in that quarter. The excess of births over d , aths in the quarter was 60,926, but in the same time 53,703 emigrants had sailed from three ports in England—Plymouth, London, and Liverpool, 44,625 sailing trom the latter port. This leaves a very narrow margin for the increase of popula tion, but of course a great proportion of the emigrants were from Ireland. Marriages had increased consider ably in Liverpool, Birmingham, and Manchester, among other places, and in Cheshire and Lancashire the births had very much increased. Cholera was fatal in a few towns, but was no where epidemic. The mortality in Liverpool was below the average. The followin..; le narks from the report deserve much attention : "The increase in the deaths from hanging, strargling, and suffocation is considerable. The increase ►n the deaths by poison also deserves attention. Some alterat►on of the law to regulate the sale of poisons seems to be required. Arsenic is tasteless in food; it is inevitably fatal ; it can be detected in the body after death ; and it can be procured by person in shops almost as readily as sugar. The placing of the sale of a commodity under rest►ictions is attended with difficulties; but to nip in its bud the practice of domestic murder by the administration of a tasteless poison is worth the effort, and will count against much inconvenience." In the dscrict of St. Martin in this town the deaths much exceeded those of the two previous quarters, the fatality having been greater among children, a large por tion of whom died from diarrhoea. The deaths in Howard district included 152 at one year and under, two cases of cholera and 55 of diarrhoea. The Dale-atreit district was in a very healthy state, as was that of St. George, but the births had been fewer by twelve, which is accounted for by so many houses being vacant. In the district .of St. Thomas the deaths were below the average, but small pox had been fatal in fourteen cases, in eight of which the children had not been vaccinated. The dis trict of Mount Pleasant was very healthy, but diarrhoea had been very fatal among children. In West Derby district there is no fact mentioned worth republishing. ADDRESS TO THE PROTESTANTS OF THE EMPIRE BY THE COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL CLUB. The clergy of Westminster have set a noble example in conveying to their diocesan their deliberate protest against the late encroachment of the Church of Rome on the rights of the state and Protestant people of England. On the presentation of an address to him to that effect, on Friday the 25th inst., they were informed that it was not the intention of her Majesty's government, as then advised, to protest against this formidable and unprece dented attack on our constitutional rights. The committee of the National Club, therefore, deem it imperative on them to appeal to the English people, and to urge them, on so grave a question in which the government is thus acquiescent, to rouse themselves, in order to protect their liberties, and to uphold their religion and their rights. The question is vital. Confidently anticipating that an example so noble will be followed by the clergy of the Protestant Church at large, the committee do not presume to offer a suggestion to the clergy of the Church of England, but prefer to address themselves to the laity of the Church, and to the great body of the Protestants of the empire. They re serve for a future time the exposure of the claim thus arrogantly and unexpectedly intruded, and the results which it assuredly involves. At present they singly and emphatically would urge promptitude of action. It is asserted that this foreign usurpation cannot be reached by any existing law. We do not stop at present to canvass this. It is said that this division of England into Romish sees is innocuous, that it contains nothing to offend or alarm us, that it is a parcelling out of a spiritual realm in which conscience rules, and where temporal sovereignty is silent. Our answer is, that it is the duty of Englishmen to make that harmless which, if left alone, will be fatal, and to drive back an usurpation which, if it stand unchecked, will grow into practical and intolerable tyranny. The object professed by the See of Rome is this, to pro vide for the Roman Catholics of England spiritual super vision and episcopal control. With their religion we do not intermeddle. With their internal discipline we have no concern. We neither wish nor care to interfere with it, But when they parcel out our country, assign to their bishops our dioceses, commit to their jurisdiction our pa rishes, and allot to them as their subje is a matter which does concern u ;ts our people, this which invades our rights—which grasps the oldest and plainest powers of the Crown of England. The history of the Church of Rome abundantly attests that claims, originally absurd from their extravagance, become real from neglect, and that daring usurpations grow into prescriptive rights. On all sides it is asked,—" What is to be done ?" The first step is to lodge a protest as public as the claim— as sovereign as its author—as distinct as its terms. A foreign state assumes to itself the right to divide England into dioceses, and to assign them to its bishops, and to commit to them our people. Nothing can be more open than this act. Nothing more sovereign than the ju risdiction claimed. Let the highest authority of the English State meet this usurped authority of the Church of Rome. Let the pub lic document which records the claim be as publicly re pelled. Let the declaration of this foreign potentate be met by a declaration from the lips of the Queen of England. The mode is plain. The duty urgent. The time is at hand. The Papal See has perpetr a t e d thi s d ar i ng act during the recess of parliamert. No British minister„ alive to the integrity and independence of England, would have borne this tamely for one hour. But the functions of the government are, it seem s, in abeyance ; not so the d u ti es and the powers of the Eng lish people. Let them rouse themselves, and throughout the empire give but one indignant response. Let them show the Romish see that the spirit of England is un tainted and unsubdued ; and firm as when s he repelled does she now def the usurpation of Rome , the threats and burst the yoke of the Vat ican an , soally firmly subjects in unyielding allegiance round the sup remac y of its Crown. d r her Let us demand this from government. In three months the Queen of England will convene and meet the parlia ment. Let her not then pass unnoticed an attempt which, continually and successfully repelled by our early English sovereigns, has for the last 300 years been un paralleled in British history. Let the Queen speak the language worthy of the spirit of her great ancestors. Let her declare from the throne that she has noticed this arrogant invasion of her imperial rights, and marks it to her people as an insolent usurpa tion. Let her declare that these assumed offices have no rank within her dominions ; that she treats these intru sive prelates as if they h " no j t i i o d ri n p h l e a r c e government,withi n he her will rea she n u that neither in her court, r ecognise their offices or powers. L et her, in the lan g ua g e of the noble-minded Eliz a beth, England's first Protestant Queen, declare diet the thinks it foulscora that foreign f• Nov. 5, ~% prince, priest, or potentate, should moil or tneddis this realm of England." does. Do to the people ? It does. It will not & ilea b y f ; Y :i venture on it, unless it be compelled--oon 3 t t t eel t r A pressure of a strong and united opinion.' 11 ` en t, espouoersgiotvsebrnrimnkenftrohmesiittastedutotyuwse tihtsissioasiegrutebie,:po this from our representatives and from gover,b .l- rem us demand this by meetings, by petitions'' , I r il strance. ° re st 13 , If this Royal protest be given, then may ottb trust that her empire will be y e t unbroken,at v ain like former acts of the Roman Prelate, wi u emissaries without rank, precedence, or , 1 1 — ib n e 0 "; that our Sovereign Queen Victoria, blessed el ~„in i P od tinned protection of that King of ings. she she is, and true to the principles to which lac ed,4 fealty at her coronation—principles whic h P 6t of `r t w e li st i a c n h t a t lo h n ro e n w es i , li m p a re y se r r e v ig e n , h u e n r i f n a j m ur i e ly d on y the n i.t r oef p p i r i a ,,. that malignant po ,er which seeks to establish its n o ^ n d oo by trampling equally on the rights of sovereigns , " the peace of nations. This, then, is the practical issue ; and to this 'c e ir'lll ,churel earnestly and urgently all who are true W and who value the rights and liberties of -L"" England. BY THE COMMITTEE, o ,ol' W. H. BELLAAIY , National Club, October 29 1850 . STEAM TO THE MEDITERRA-o.• i$ There is at present a wonderful revolution gni:Verdi our mode of steam communication, not nulY, a ur alti e f the coasting trade, but also in connexion wit h °„ uo tn‘f,: ent lines of steamers trading to various foreign, c e " roc " ," The advantages of the introduction of the sell place place of the old-fashioned "paddle" boats , e ' ren t;ll, sailing vessels, are daily becoming more anPs e 0 0' 4 besides the economy in cost of working, they gficb of carrying —in proportion to their tortnage --i6 ;;p91 0 / 0 cargo, and in appearance are far before the steamers, with their heavy, cumbersome beleemeo point of speed, too, th e y are , ow i ng to late iron° v ett 5111 ‘ rapidly coming up with, and in many instanuf s, t e ro velli s : t p h a e s y s i a n r g e their h pr r e e d f e e c r e r e s s d o . rs, The and " cl, screw" w cg comfortfort 10 id. the re p e are increasing verylfast ; they are doubliuct an, t oe, their number year by y ear . I n proo f of this , Je our readers take his st an d on Gib ra ltar itn el ' i etc 6l- may, without the aid of a ver y s t rong telescope, P a ge s s e , whole fleets of them, in the cours e of iogress go t ;; through the narrow strait which divides tho t ' f l e in continents of Europe and Africa. Some °l as ' of hound to happy England, others to distant P,°'idiat Mediterranean, and all of them tending, by O. a c'„":, Increased means for the spread of conotner ce ,Pee l q lization, to cultivate and strengthen the e n - re sul ° ,i of nation toward nation, Or let him take a g` 3 " - 01 5,1- 0 1l the advertising colmuns of our commercial Pu r e to at he will meet announcements of screw steam' f 0 d parts. One line will take him comfortably in s kr oot sl 4 days to Rotterdam, where he may drink sour o ther / t it smoke long pipes with his D u t c h friends.• transport him to the clear blue skies of itaq' t i co e dropping him at. Genoa, will allow him ample of run into the interior to climb the leaning te" c r e- o rciliii afterwards calling to take him up at Leghorn. ' n d rev, a t though, he may wish to visit the Eternal CitY'! .. st ric s ' rt i he may do so; for they will obligingly wait Me n d sPs wtoNhti,aet tales sas r A o:f i n t d o t ite t lh l el t ie e gc r lsliht. c ufo o usr n aled r sce e rr y oas a t: n ear c sn e .: w i w l ill place where theyial moi j e t t y / to a pleasant picnic on Mount Etna, in close Pr °l t to t o h him to Malta, too, where he may rub up, h' 9 if O e st. the Knights Templar, of the othr:lde'nheredreoufbiB;;l:ll:;;r4 John, and the same steamer will afterw ni " n ie.Aitti him at the crescent city of Constantinurosaie under the very eyes of the Sublime Porte : qi e ttit o etr, at Smyrna, if he have Et peculiar penchant for A new line has just been a nnounc ed, also, tb e ono vessel of which has been app ro p r i a tely called tu e ro to 00 . by which he may be ca rr i e d t o Al exa ndria, th e tbe' c io deep into the mysteries of E g ypt, a nd revel in kbenr ders of the land of Ham. Here he may sail tiP ,p of the Nile, take a peep at the Pyramids, swar ip phar °s t istl pey's Pillar, wander among the tombs of the f . EgyP iri s, or apply himself to the interesting study °, o lo„tr Hieroglyphics. The effect of all this is yer 7 ,40,01. Sober-minded sseaey, well-to-do gentlement4ipe, - o p ously never thought of moving a mile frorn i u na cti°,-g o ei denly take it into their heads to travel, an r °oh themselves and their families, set off for the sn,, l o " t st e m of the south, not only for healthful recreation, ' s ad t°,oo and every ylace to gai n s ome thi ng w h e rewith tot, ple a ° s j great storehouse of knowledge. We bail *c h i t l i e vinfiiti this advent in the era of steam navigation , u e h oingd we do, from the reduced rates of travelling ) ';,llteV o sa the power of niore to reap its benefits, that it " s i i ticiD a taste for the contemplation of the be Aso cr sublime. on . j o, We have been led into these remarks from o s of 1 70 0 ment which arpars in our advertising coll!m t l o rir i pe er a of the opening of a direct steam com muto' ia ntv e i c ba this port and Egypt, in the placing of tle wel, the screw steam-ship Nile on that station. "%he leld e a r ; an opportunity of inspecting this vessel, os Trafalgar Duck, through the courtesy of 1 1-be i iv o sib e r ," o who showed us entirely over his ship. of i ic er. tl built by Messrs. Alex. Denny and BrotherF,wers ton, the builders of the celebrated screw st e i ,' l nce;ifill' e 9 . and Gentrih, who have, in the present 4 50' their former efforts. We shall describe tb' sel more particularly in our next. fifteen t o : A a Dee r ea d e F nrr. O t by h ß e e T Ha tcaTtoa3iagsrl l tunahi aeehbnconr n eti lin. gredealrel:ec ed d f, reeouecin.rspT i iiovoeei. a tentoiwtroipmhonrTowdeawa m EhesdssusoeotTiaerohßepyot a ranre2rnslyiviud, i ll resooeegy l , ehbte,eodtft.s , eipahonhheehnotewcon w rh,inyeoauethnnhthAAyaaple a s yDtaei s ,pusntd totiMwerw n g 1 9 ° , 13 , IT : isti N s da A vug T i ss:i visit teh A o r ec r E: o a ans A rgsre N i iadv T ne . d : ia A estr rn tsto o : n us g pet ebo t s h rt tri e , : intingoa s y r: 0 1 c.it of .---..—........ cs e, e ii tii man's Land with 50e. IlthilliP' loa f , Twenty-two years ago he landed 0,5 his r wile farmer in the colony, bel n9 -, he s`"e,i 'o ' e or m .h l a j a u i . a n tms ed iens ever since. 1 ? e ," - t tle 0,7,"e an t M ha a t le n o o lin w . l l3o : :: ;;ll e !ner °.; land sufficient, reclaining, t", tli '-amid feed 60,000. He is now t : o l:t i e t / I l i§ he purposes to pass the re - i i e r • poll ej #I,OIIC Ol t , tion, called " The Limp," published at 11 ° r : o il t'ib t ris' penny weekly Roman c,‘",; o cIF . 1 9t h the last 1850 ult., declares that "without the Pope there 1 ' i to i d tianity :" boldly, in the number is , :ne" .-,, po i.,ht , . 5 0, ireo most heinous description. To prove that the risibleuro 0,10.0 over which the Pope presides, is in reality the C,P,,e of r 9,, 1 4 ,1 § i the Vicar of Christ can do; A, e llicli i iirc.j, there is no Pope, and without the Pope th,, e 3 Ctifi'' as nity. The Pope governs the Charch of w. - ti s Head and we are the members." this it audacious as it is false, and it is as false ea jai , paleifor l (l ish obl ei iat i e f so eX p r s fl t e4 CARRIER PIGEONS.—A coyrresponilec' - 0 suc - Arle-, chester Guardian says, " In modern time? b l:,, an y O ro 0 years, dealings i.imchnimseeiglT'seowfpwsrirwholerehpiimeitteachhh:simlawtianbieesislrelrltimacetocbohnhimtienaradnsowacoitceenntegosaydbmlioalcastarnp:liiibkee:i t g a R I EI " : I 0 1 n invti fsi i C t nsut h oo: : : :::: i ;i s ii iii: ,f , Belgium have done more to test thecae e. i con r ace s. IP Their a nnual Pi, ~ ...9 3 reafr: aqua to our wouldu.`Ste'otl Two hundred trained nieScrasstio, 0 1 : 1 5, SO . n, togrveaetrevsiterr.aceTsitieoodkisotalancece' ,ot . b oile, 1:5 . 'd, were sent from St. e ! to 13°rdeg o 9t1 In another race gij oke o „i 0 0 i .aeons were sent, and 20 returned. . 6 -, a ea rrero; lea': a d An f ly Ti eli s isi t gsse st 1 iut to Miss tile `B. prevails that it is only neceesary to scnc! , ay arillu, l i a th: away from home and that its instinct s‘ l _ l ..' to d . 57 e0 itev, it home. Let any one try the exp.eritne_a.:socl I wit holl' a best- red carriers at once to Birrningrotest er oes $ t e a to assert that not one will return to Ik c .a rt , „lista_ asse rt , p fiso r y e t y thh io er u op s uigg t e ra ho i fn n o, i gs n gfi g yi ; gi v it iz . ., taking them -J! u t, : ts bee ;oei ic l time and then increasing by degrees. I v ' om e 13 0 t that pigeons are guided on their r eturn li e un er• li. ,.., a . distances by instinct. Instinct is said to aide, o l i o , c as , in clear sunshine ? This it is no!sorieoo A , i complish. When the grounl i ts of guidanceluTi 05 Pigeons seem to miss their Pe nur the o pinion 7ibilO bt , lost. This would seem to indebtedfar to at t pito weather lf lw.nisttliinecotabee!_stlFl?:ertgdelfayn dTftlll,senl°:oosoo: travel by sight, and are less cons d° not flY e a bl d fb e geneially imagined. Carrier P tifeach their h01e..., ,er they settle down if they cann°_i ht next Diorpnaitiri, sadl to of evening, and renew their * 4 . h e g seems .0 -r " r pri fie f velocity of a pigeon learn that a locomotive ... ~ Vila 00 miles. 'ph Me s 4/ 0 pigeon in a distance of 2 t0N....... ikt the .-$ a 3 jor DELICATE INVESTIGiAssT e ll an be be s a u t $ cPl i ce , court, on SaturdaY, 1 % . manners and aPP ear tor;en lady of very prepossesing before Mr. Inghorn,.l. AS e f, peered for the fourth time t Edmund 1 3 °f SCliter *nst Lieutenan ~ „tall , f ie 3 ,1 cute a charge aga , and son of uor. 0 . to al rated; and, no doub;,lyfiroaiginl jhwrutarleviaaeduAegrsni of the 86th Royal Regiment, . secretary of the PentonvillePrison,atnd d , which she u tint vety gold, nfnoeiri°rcufrutsll::: gallant officer. It may stated that Lieuren'd prew o lie t former occasions it win d of Miss CourtneY, fo o ing °AO was a suitor for the an . _ t _ . , . „. 10 g ,re , 41 1 h er marriage, and while he c t our_snip .-' t he,c,i 6 vj, teat many letters expressing _‘, , P lo fri, ray dear one, my darling t _,, rode'. _ad sent her a g _ . b. bet P- be e p, to hery valved useedt atof tbelnueguyeintaeemaneeelloeedssa.dry to_ 13 , :l: s ic i tu .. :e l t i s t t h t :i t o : attachment and fondness, an d dent.' ing et 0 v 3 Y ejlu,'l'laa'nd also using other terroa,,'...- it s r"tlewpf gaaulmlaguatrgtuany.Ldoatuligarhitoer 0 :; : ge;u c o e l f , ~ 3 0 1 residing at 8, Barnes-place, Mile-end -road, a d r ap p .o t was married two months ago. The enregY s 6re ti ter . no complainant instructed her solicitor, :-", r a 1J 't Maddox-street, to bring an action sKa l ,ri ; 0 11 0r 0, 1 0 0 Weaver for breach of promise of m arria , „, a' ;e l,ff , , tu tt., o pp ~ ~ sue him for the recovery of a set of - 0 . 6 s , o' .4 ‘) guineas, she had lent him. A summons,. bol'ii",,',o; taken out at the Marylebone Police-tout cc° being made returnable, it was stated the r t:' oo cl t l b , ft? aT a ml n hsu d oea sht caseoi was akbsrhoidaduiseta dismissed. s e a r e e d o.n Miss their s t u ° b u d 5, e ' al flarec b 0 1 1 5 1 :1 11 ? her faithless swain to the Mile-end-roa_rits to it e,: t ok, residing with his wife, and caused four w..rigge' et ° i co°,l upon him for breach of promise of n't a l o f s se 10 i to , , for the settlement of all matters 1[ . .._". co r: aiii. l),D nings, in defeuce, cross-examined,„il' 0 s cg a s se ! .a j _P e , e s e u n nl p m eS o t n p s on fo e r d 1 length, and elicited that she first cs, l i c .h,?.. s rel o tiffy sequence other places. Mr. Baker, a medals' 1aj .. „ 1 0 il7 o p f l ; . 1 PI grove• West, said that Miss CourtnesY; ro le a l 40 1 street, leut Soho, and aenadvehraad t a a cc d o a m nc p e an a i t .eci lpl a l u n t , o o y_is o . e4re c e!:;: v ; able young lady. M r ..lngliarla. w . t .!we 01 plainant's case was made out, and of'"" given up. than any other people. dues an excitement almost 1844 one of the tian, in S 600 mile: breed in the wo seventy returned pung,, n iet; :d