The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1851-02-11 00:00:00

Feb.ll, 1851. Korai gtbns. °a Thurtd ay'a woman, named Hannah Shearer, was wand drowned in a •pit in Sherwood-street. The North and South Wales Bank is about to build Pawards of forty v ill as on th e groun d skirting Birkenhead Prk. The steatn.ship• Cambria sailed from Cork on Tuesday °thi ng last, with the Atlantic's mails and cargo for N ew York. • THE PHILHARMONIC SOCIETY.—The first subscription %need takes 'place this evening. It will be seen that several well-known artistes will appear. The children educated at the Mariners' Schools, in number about 130, were regaled with tea and buns, in the school-room, on Wednesday week. __The di rectors of the Hull dockB have ordered one o f Messrs. M.'NiCholl and Vernon's patent steam-cranes to be fitted on their wharves. 0 34 r: Herbert, whose interesting and valuable collection Paintings has been approvingly visited by many of our townsmen; still offers many first-class pictures to con noisseurs. Mr. William Houlton, sword bearer, has been appointed ofbutler to the Mayor and Corporation, in te place nu. Alexander Neilson, resigned. The salary is£so nu. h madr* W• S. Chalkley has been presented with a silver ~st e -baske t b y hi s t h ree c l asses i n th e W es l e y an S oc i e ty, ;$ a grateful ac k now l e d gmen t for his devoted labours am ong them. A committee of gentlemen nine has been appointed to rnquire into the general management of St. Paul's and St. Churches, and report to a general meeting of the commissioners in a few days. 4 , 4 Young lady, resident at Oxton, has narrowly escaped the amputation of both her arms, which were severely in by the bite of a small lapdog, which inflicted a slight scratch on one of her fingers during Christmas week. 0,1 Monday e ven i ng Mr. Francis, solicitor, while at tempting to jump on to the Tranmere slip, fell into the w ater, a n d was recovere d w ith diffi cu lty after an immer sion of ten minutes. °a Tuesday night a small vessel, called the Nevin Packet, to o k fire when moored off the Magazines. There were six half-barrels of gunpowder on board, and a ser!. °us exosion might have occurred ; but the fire was for tunately subdued. „ The gentlemen frequenting the bar of the Grand June uon Hotel hive presented Mr. William Owen, the mana ger of Mr. Blezard's business in Lime-street, with a handsome silver tankard, manufactured by Mr. Jones of South Castle-street, as a testimonial of their respect. On Thursday the body of a seaman was found in Can ting Dock. The name of John Dillon was tattoed on his ttrna. An indenture of apprenticeship to a London ship, and his discharge from the ship Fairy Queen, of Dublin, en the 4th instant, were found in his pocket. Sir George Grey has intimated to the Rev. Dr. Hillcoat, for merly chaplain to the late Duke of Sussex, that the Petition against papal aggression, forwarded from the dis- ;f i f et in which St. M a t t h ew ' s Chu r ch, Scotland-road is " u ated, was received by her Majesty " very graciously." Q l '. JUD E ' S CHURCH.—On Sunday evening next, the •"'". Josiah B. Lowe will commence a course of lectures the difference between the ''' doctrines of the Church of ngland and th e Ch urc h- o f Rome. The lectures will be s nti nued on the even i ng o f eac h S u nd a y, exce pt th e fi r st un day in the month. lln D ance -street, out of Rupert-street, in this town, is 81 411 house, No. 23, containing seven persons, and no all whose ages, in the aggregate, amount to 521 years, 8. 41 d.eeP poverty and affliction. The names are—Hayes, 11 00 Hlfe, 73 ; Furlong, 70, a lodger; Seed, 78; wife, 75; le, 4 : wife 68. d Liverpo o l Chess Club dined together on Wednes t4:l4lsit, the anniversary of their establishment, at the Hotel. Mr. Schwabe, the president, occupied f(u)iLch.air, and the functions of vice-chairman were per sailed screw b y Mr. Ciaypole. s a e ''`e screw steamer Arno, Capt. G. Harem, which terse d from this port on the 12th January, for the Medi tranean, arrived at Gibraltar in nine days, having expe rienced very heavy weather. Thence she . cleared for from' and reach e d G enoa on th e 28th ult., in sixteen days Live'rpool ;—a very fair passage. paTae Lancaster and Liverpool Steam Navigation Com . - r lt 7 '.`"n o by the recent decision of the Court of withof the Ir'oochristie, have been mulcted in the whole costs, :inting to some £l,OOO, have held a meeting, at which th e g„ e neral feeling appeared to be in favour of winding up on conceal ; but a further meeting is to be held shortly the sub• Me Jee r' th e „ Mess Samuel and James Holme have nearly completed Street, of a handsome pile of shops in Renshaw tea; lite new buildings commence in Benson-street, sorees:•`'s to with the main thoroughfare ; and, tieu e ' t i n g,with a bold curve into Renshaw-street, are con along it for a considerable distance. The total . ham s b e °I the pile is about 150 feet, comprising nine o n °, i e tuRl commodious shops. C_artwri . lurs daY week an old woman, named Margaret Vock t h t , whilst passing along the south side of George's ' as k • " narri d hocked down by a spring -cart, driven by ' a to u se Il e John White. She was immediately conveyed llhe railn it a 1 where she died from the effects receivedon e r sspi a , f dental d ue : t d h ay , . .The jury, in returning a verdict of 7, 0 entrustie tioancei wished to express their disapproba- STIM - "g ePring-carts to the care of boys. Jede' s °N ' A L TO A CLERGYMAN.—A few members of marka c°l lgregation, together with other friends, as cagiose!v7cfetsiloefi tart' . r high appreciation of the valuable volun the Rev. John Judkin Butler, (on all oc a es most willingly rendered,) have presented him with riandsosner pocket 'Comm un i on ' Service , accompahied with a purse of gold, duly appreciating his faithfulness as a Minister of the Gospel. Mr. Butler is now chaplain of the Sailor's Home. I Mary Nangles, a little girl, whose parents reside in R "lnver Myrtle-street, was, on Saturday morning, crossing James's -street, with a child in her arms, when she T he knocked down by one of the Aigburth omnibuses. '"ne wheel s passed over her breast, and crushed her so 'Hach that she died shortly after. The child which she carried was thrown over her shoulder when she fell, and escap e d uninjured. ape - I I MARINE RS ' C HURCH TEA PARTY.—On Tuesday e e nine, the an nua l tea meeting of the Mariners' Church g un g re gation was h e ld at the Concert-hall, which was aily bedecked with flags. The large hall was filled, and 2, 1 3 the platform were arranged the musical pupils of the t o ti c e ho oi 1 . for the Blind. The Rev. Mr. Maynard occupied Mr Si and the company were addressed by the Rev. and lin res, the Rev. Mr. Butler, the Rev. Dr. Hume, e.eivtdie Rev' D. James. The latter gentleman was m ing w asith rounds of Kentish fire. An agreeable even rSpent. . o u ,„ s tended a tosic.—The immense success that has at music, • A t- Mainzer's excellent method of teaching vocal to re In mneed several private individuals, in Liverpool, r eque T t lest L ll .. Mainzer to form a class here, to which f avour s b i ll •e roost kindly acceded. The class is most Many s - s 'Y and rapidly progressing. Since its formation they b`,7 r sons, who would gladly have joined the class had wish tf, en apprised of the doctor's intention, expressed a . assont at another class should be formed ; to this he has nested,e The second class will be formed on Thursday Pnbi ea ". i l l ltaY be ascertained on reference to our last It • Liv e e fts Probable that we are to have a crystal palace in Of e r P°o l , for the talk is, that. Mr. Skirving is desirous St. z j e tnig a magnificent conservatory in the vicinity of b eorkes Hall; that the site of Islington market has e en su ad d , Rested ; that a glass edifice there would greatly stisf`4? the picturesque in the neighbourhood ; that Mr. : i ng.is prepared to erect such an edifice in accordance architectu ra l t as t e, an d that he would fill it with Wi nter, and, rare plants, in sprin g , summer , au t umn , an d a ud 'er; that itwould be his interest to render it attractive Pay faOsionable he and that he is prepared to fair rent for the ground.—Journal. Ttit. LIVERPOOL CHAMBER -OF COMMERCE.—The et eu tineers, Messrs. Thomas A. Bushby and Thomas ult, declared the result of the ballot taken on Tuesday, Who new committee-men, to supply the places of the six r„ retired according to rule (bUt were not eligible for Z._"election for twelve months), and also for.five additional i thers, the directory being augmented from twenty-five tu rs ti ttY members. The following are the gentlemen re -32-" en , s — Messrs. John Clow, 37 votes; 11. Littledale, A ; Themes Bouch, 29 ; T. B. Forwood, 28 ; T. R. itraott, 26 ; John Ryder, 26 ; W. Potter, 26; Joseph toarulcito.lm2iso.n, 23 ; James Crossffield, jun. 22 ; Francis Willi William Laird, 20. The retiring members war_eoorethW, Brown, Esq., M.P.; Messrs. John Fern- Clgypole, Wm. Gardner, Robertson Glad sne, and Thomas Robinson, jun. hit'-eikoiNG or A TIGER.—On Saturday week a fine tiger, for k Y .,,arrived from Demerara, and purchased by Mr. Hilton, den menagerie in Lime-street, was transferred to the sossaPPOinted for his accommodation. The animal was an d in trap in which he bad been originallycaught, operati he tenanted during the voyage to this port. The With 'Li ft, was performed by bringing the trap in contact hop tr a e den, and then sawing some of the bars of the toafford a communication between the two habita by While the work was proceeding he vented his wrath disOsinnal roars, but when all was prepared he seemed Scamse quit his old habitation. In order to compel move he was goaded'on all sides, but though he dee t i roused to fury at his tormentors, he was evi eject Y deterrnined not to comply with-the demand for his tinpb r Znt. As a last resort, a large cloth was dipped in Tai, ha' set fire to, and held at the back part of the trap. tie e i n Had the desired effect; for the affrighted animal on tet e I tile flames gave a terrific roar, and made a precipi slow retreat to the den prepared for him, where he lay 11 00 1 . 11 s rld huddled himself up amongst the straw. The 8 was then closed, and he was perfectly secured. tti tl e i ,""S IN CONNEXION WITH ST. ANDREW'S 0 Pe n ;V. ' IteresuAW•mterr.—These schools were aoy s 'n 18 18, and were intended to accommodate 152 a e h oo l;nd 130 girls. There was at that time no infant erp en t Sir John Gladstone built the scheols at his own 11 , 11 ,_, se, and endowed them with £l3O a-year out of the eutfotas reetenf St. Andrew's Church. By means of this aeh o „TH s ent, the two schools, together with an additional °t fop' Jor infants, were supported up to 1850, with no Oth er s'? l ( l than the amount supplied by annual collections v,4l„:_ucir behalf but in 1850 it seemed improbable, from etincircum'stances, that any snrplus would in future sh, er toiut of which the . .£l3O could be paid. In that year, deu t v n ) re. the schools, for the first time, became depen she stin. voluntary contributions, in the same manner as ulltlonal schools attached to other churches. sk meet tii,l.?r_ tile congregation was; balk on Thursday, in the Bad hool-rooms for the purpose of exciting a warmer c0 f° 1 1.43 general interest in the 'schools, and of forming sesesn. tttoefor thetnanagement of all financial matters. .. , Z u .,pop e til ist a ri ti c o t of St. Andrew ' s includes within its boundaries meet, UOf about .6,000: Its boundaries are Bold '''. s, --114'nehetsatreet, Cases-Strtet„ -Clayton.tquare Untlghtom•titreet Williamso Whir wha ' 8 ,n-eqnare, Richmond.: seut emr.. ,.,„ _ t. John s-lane, . Lime -street. %n os _ um, ttock-street, Idaytreet; Blount-plea. . s ` ms coa-atreet, and Leece-street. SAILORS' HOME BAZAAR.—From the advertisement, which appears in another page, our readers will be glad to perceive that the arrangements for the bazaar in aid of the Sailor's' Home are progressing most satisfactorily. We refer wit h pleasure to the names of those ladies who have already consented to take stalls, and are assured that many more contemplate giving their aid to the same good work. We would urge upon all to contribute something to the bazaar, ii the shape of articles of use or ornament, money, curiosities, or any of the thousand and one little things which ladies know so well how to make. STEAM NAVIGATION.—COST OF CONVEYING THE MAILS.-- , The British steamers (Cunard's) carrying the mails between Liverpool and America are paid £145,000 for making 44 voyages in the year, which is equivalent to £3,300 per voyage. The United States steamers (Collin's) plying between Liverpool and New York, receive 385,000 dollars per annum for performing 20 voyages in the year —say ac the rate of £4,000 per voyage. The American steamers from New York, vid Southampton, to Bremen, a second' subsidised line, get £3,000 per voyage, or as much as the oldest established, most efficient, British company, whose vessels have performed the service in a creditable manner for a series of years. The Royal West India Mail-packet Company is paid at the rate of 9s. 10d. per mile, whilst the American steamers from Liverpool to New York are subsidised at the rate of lls. id. per mile, making a difference of ls. 3d. per mile, or 121 per cent. more in favour of the ships of the United States. We are indebted for these particulars to the Morning Herald, which draws the inference which, it says, is "evident, that the English ocean steam companies have an uphill work to fight, and a fair claim on the govern ment for additional compensation." LOCAL MEETINGS. WALLASEY COMMISSIONERS. — The monthly meeting of this body was held at Liscard on Thursday evening, Mr. Mann presiding. A communication was read from Mr. Ewart, declining to support the measure now before parliament, which sought to alter the Birkenhead dock trust. A lengthy conversation took place with reference to the removal of the powder magazines, and the circum stances of the schooner Nevin Packet taking fire in the neighbourhood were detailed. ST. ANNE ' S DISPENSARY. — The annual meeting was hell'on Wednesday, Mr. Garrat in the chair. The report, which was read by Mr. Kitchen, showed that 9,000 per sons had been relieved during the past year. From the treasurer's accounts it appeared that the subscriptions received this year have amounted to £lB5 19s. 6d. ; dona tions, £129 19s. sd. ; against £146 4s. 6d. and £63 6s. the year preceding. The report was adopted, and thanks were voted to the honorary medical officers and others for their services during the past year. 'LIVERPOOL FLORAL AND HORTICULTURAL EXHIBI TION SOCIETY.—The annual meeting of this society was held at the Clarendon-rooms on Thursday, J. N. Walker, Esq., of Calderstones, presiding. Amongst the gentle men present were, Anthony Henry Winch, Adam Glad stone, Charles Wilson, John Herd, Arthur Henderson, Esqrs., &c. Mr. J. B. Leatherbarrow, the honorary se cretary, read a brief statement of the accounts, from which it appeared that the society was in a flourishing condition. Under these circumstances the committee had decided upon increasing the value of the prizes by £46, giving third-class prizes, and increasing others in value. The chairman said that the report must be exceedingly grati fying to all the subscribers ; and. for his part he wondered how the expenses bad been kept down so low. Mr. Arthur Henderson and several other gentlemen spoke in a similar strain, and after votes of thanks had been passed to the committee of the Corn Exchange, the meeting sepa rated. Thanks were also voted to the chairman, treasurer, and secretary. The first exhibition takes place on the 22nd of May. HISTORIC SOCIETY OF LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE. — The fourth ordinary meeting of the session was held on Thursday, in the Collegiate Institution. Mr. D. Lamb was called to the chair. The following gentlemen were admitted members : Richard Darlington, mayor of Wigan ; Wm. Gray, of Wheattield, Bolton, Mayor of Bolton ; John James Osburne, mayor of Macclesfield. Several gentlemen, occupying official situations in con nexion with various literary and other societies, were admitted as honorary members. Amongst the donations were the first part of the proceedings of the Chester Ar chzeological and Antiqu , rian Society, down to July, 1850; a work on the construction of locks and keys, from Mr. J. Chubb ; an American copy of " Layard's Nineveh," from Mr. J. C. Colton; some curious manuscript 3 ; an antiquated book of the Roman Catholic Church, with il lustrations. A letter was read from Mr. J. Ilarland, one of the editors of the Manchester Guardian, expressive of a desire that the meetings of the society should occa sionally be held at Manchester. The secretary was in structed to communicate to Mr. Harland, that the mem bers of the society were inclined to meet the proposition favourably. \VEST' DERBY GUARDIANS. — On Wednesday, at tho weekly meeting of the board, Mr. Roskell presided. Mr. Alpass called the attention of the board to an entry in one of the books, setting forth that Robert Rankin, one of the pupil teachers, and sixteen other lads, had absconded from the house, and had been brought back by the police from Ormskirk. The lads were called before the board, and stated, as their reason for leaving the house, that the schoolmaster had stopped their bread, and threatened to beat them. Mr. Read, the schoolmaster, said the bread had not been entirely stopped, as It was only withheld for a time, as a punishment. It was ordered that Rankin should be suspended as a pupil teacher, and that he should be confined for twenty-four hours in the refractory ward : the other lads to be well whipped. Another boy, who had been a leader among the gang, was ordered a similar punishment to Rankin.—The. board resolved to incur the cost of Prosecuting a man, named lames Wharf. for most abusive ill-treatment of a young girl, named Jane Gar land, a recipient of relief from the union.—lt was agreed, on the motion of the Rev. Mr. Badnall, to adopt a system of industrial training, similar to that employed by the Cardiff union.—Mr. Alpass called attention to a letter from the Poor-law Board, with respect to a burial-ground for paupers. He moved that a committee should be ap pointed to select a site, somewhat near to the centre of the union, for the purpose of a burial-ground. After a lengthy, conversation, the motion was adopted. DOCK COMMITTEE.—The usual weekly meeting was held on Thursday, Mr. Thomas Littledalo in the chair. The chairman intimated that on Thursday next the report of the Special Sub-Committee on shipbuilding and the timber trade would be taken into consideration. A com munication was read from Mr. Clarke, of the Electric Telegraph Company, offering to execute all the necessary works, and do the necessary telegraph business from Holyhead to Liverpool, for the sum of £BOO per annum. Mr. Lockett said the committee had considered this pro position, and they found that the three stations which it would do away with cost £3OO a-year, and in place of this sum they would be charged £BOO. Puffin Island was the only low station that interposed ; but would they pay £5OO a-year to get rid of that ?—Mr. Tobin asked was the tele graph intended to cross the river Mersey ? Mr. Lockett : No ; the message goes to Crewe, and it would be commu nicated from thence to Liverpool. It being intimated that Messrs. Rigby and Salkeild, the patentees of the new telegraph, would, in a very short time, do the same amount of work at a very reduced rate, Mr. Clarke's offer was declined for the present. Communications were read from Mr. Bates and Mr. Powell, asking if the committee had any land to let for coal yards on the margin of the river. The latter gentleman stated, in consequence of the increased demand for his steam coal, he was desirous of taking from 2,000 to 3,000 square yards of land in the neighbourhood of the Harrington Dock. The applica tions were referred to the surveyor, and the public busi ness terminated. BIRKENHEADCOMMISSIONERS.—Richard Bryan, Esq., presided at the usual monthly meeting held on Tuesday evening. The road and improvement committee reported that the attention of the railway company had been called to the bad state of various roads, and that the necessary repairs were proceeding. The pasturage of the park had been let to Mr. Leonard Rae for £l2O. The proceedings of the finance committee comprised a letter from the dock authorities, requiring payment of interest on bonds amounting to £55,000. A writ had been served upon the chairman, at the instance of Mr. Hornblower, for the sum of £53. The proceedings were confirmed. Upon the subject of new bills being mooted, Mr. Rae called attention to the necessity of reconstituting the parliamen tary sub-committee. There were two bills of which notice had been given in which Birkenhead was deeply interested : one was a bill to alter the constitution of the dock trust there, and another related to smoke consump tion. It was agreed that the finance committee should watch the proceedings in parliament on behalf of the ratepayers. The instructions to institute an action against the corporation in the case of Captain Bennett had been countermanded, Mr. Wain having advised an assize trial. Messrs. Brine and Galloway were re-elected to assess the property of the township, for the purpose of rates being laid for the ensuing year. The ferry receipts for the month ending the 31st January bad been £1,697, against £1,534 in the corresponding month of the pre. vious year. To the £1,697 was also to be added £72 received from the Liverpool corporation for damage done to the steamer Wirral. The receipts from the 23rd April last to the 31st January had been £17,182, against £16,119 during the like former period, and the expendi ture had been £16,724. HEALTH COMMITTEE.—At the weekly meeting on Thursday, a deputation from the owners and occupiers of property in Rodney-street, Russell street, &c., accom panied by Mr. J. A. Tobin, were in attendance to present a memorial to the committee praying that they should not allow the establishment of a cattle depot in Trowbridge street. They also presented a document signed by Mr. Bickersteth, Mr. Neil, and other surgeons, stating that the establishment of such a depot would be highly injurious to the inhabitants of the neighbourhood. After some conversation, the deputation withdrew. The medical officer of health reported that the return of deaths for the week ending Saturday last shows an excess of 34 over the previous week, the aggregate number being 245, of which 183 were in the p ar ish, an d 62 i n th e ex t ra parochial wards. The average mortality of the corresponding week of the three preceding years was 242, or three less than the present return. The increase is chiefly in the item of diseases of the lungs, which caused a mortality of 85 against 63 in the previous week. In the mortality from zymotic or epidemic diseases there was a decrease of two, the numbers being respectively 58 and 60. Typhus caused 10 deaths, scarlatina 40, hooping cough 9, small pox 9, (of which six were not vaccinated, and the rest vacci nated imperfectly,) measles 8, croup 3, and syphilis 4. Of the total deaths 149 were children, and 99 adults. The mean daily temperature was 471 degrees on Wednes day, when it was highest and 37 degrees on Saturday. when it was lowest. The mean of the week was 42 degrees-1i degrees lower than the previous week, and four-fifths of a degree higher than the average of the same week of the five preceding years. The reading of the barometer was below the average throughout the week, the mean being 29 . 3 p inches. The wind was chiefly in the S.E. ARCHI'T'ECTURAL AND ARCHEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.— Mr. Frank Howard presided at the usual fortnightly meeting held onWednesday, and the attendance was nume rous. Mr. Rawlinson (who is an honorary member of the society) forwarded a presentation of parliamentary blue books'. Mr. J. P. Horner drew attention to a suggestion which appeared in The Albion for a monument to Mr. Elmes, the architect, on the centre of the site of the Old Islington ; Market. He was of opinion that the spot alluded to would be an appropriate situation for a monu ment of some sort • and it had been intimated that the memento! to Sir Robert Peel should be placed there. Mr. Joseph Bonk thought that Mr. Ernes' statue could not have a mbre appropriate place than on one of the pedestals between the square columns on the east front of St. George's,hall. Hr. Huggins asked could . Air. Elmes have a more fitting monument than the building itself. Mr. Boult wished for information on the process for desiccat ing timber, and it was agreed that the question should be put on the next circular. The chairman, alluding to some remarks which had fallen from Mr. Artbur Holme at a former meeting, Es to the preparation of American iron, wished to know whether the recent accident to the engine of the United States mail steam-ship Atlantic was to be attributed to the peculiar manufacture of our trans atlantic competitors ? Mr. T. D. Barry read the paper of the evening, entitled " Ecclesiastical Architecture." Mr. Barry treated his subject very elaborately, and with much eloquence ; and at the conclusion of his remarks, the thanks of the society were voted to him for his interesting and suggestive contribution. A discussion ensued, in which Messrs. H. P. Horner. Mr. Joseph Boult, Mr. Rr. Baffles Brown, and the chairman took part. SELECT VESTRY, TUESDAY.—The proceedings of the Finance Committee contained a letter from the clerks to the magistrates, to this effect :—"We beg to inform you that our bills against the parish for parochial business transacted by us as clerks of the magistrates of this bo rough have not been paid, since the beginning of 1849. These bills amount to £1,127 and £1,046, making a total of £2,174 up to the 25th of March last. We have a fur ther bill for business since that time, which would render the debt of serious amount." It has been resolved, it was further stated, " That the Town-clerk be directed to take proceedings to recover the amount due." The claim was for making out summonses for the parish.—The Work house Committee reported 1,835 inmates against 1,860 in the corresponding week last year. It was stated in the report of the Building Committee that the Workhouse, fronting Brownlow-hill, was ready for occupation, except as to the arrangements for the water supply. In reply to Mr. Woodruff's question, as to how matters stood in re ference to the new parish cemetery. Mr. Dover stated that Mr.' Churchwarden Harbord and himself, finding that the amended sanatory bill would effectually close most of the church-yards in Liverpool, had been obliged to push on the new cemetery much faster than they had wished to expend the funds. There was an opinion which he wished to correct, that the place was merely for the inter ment of paupers. Every parishioner might own a grave there by putting a stone upon it, and so long as there was room for new graves, his right would never be disturbed. The cemetery was simply an extension of the church yards of St. Peter and St. Nicholas, Liverpool, and every parishioner would have a right to a grave there at a merely nominal price. Mr. Harbord and himself had wished to delay the work from financial considerations ; but the pa rishioners must be prepared to pay a very large rate for three years to come. They had paid for the land a large sum of money, and without great economy in the expen diture of the church-rate, it would be impossible to do without 2d. in the pound. In reply to a question from Mr. Jeffreys, it was stated that the new cemetery covered twenty-four acres of land.—The proposed site for the depot for slaughtering cattle in Trowbridge-street came up for discussion, and a resolution was passed declaring the site to be objectionable, and suggesting that it ought to be established on the margin of the river. THE LIVENTOOL THE COLUMN OF h dente anb 30ortirulture. Newspaper paragraphs on natural history are notorious for their incorrectness, which is much to , be regretted, as no other medium is available to the public at large for the dissemination of new discoveries in natural science. The following paragraph has been going the round of the papers :--" A new and extraordinary bird, of gigantic dimensions, has lately been discovered in the interior of Africa; it belongs to an entirely new species and genus, it has the head of a whale .' and the legs, of a crane; it stands .sit feet high, and feeds upon crocodiles." A bird with a whale's head would be " very like a whale," and would require legs rather stronger than. those of a crane to support it. The .real facts which have given rise to such an extraordinary misconception are as follows :—At the last meeting of the Linnrean Society, Mr. Gould exhibited a drawing the size of life of a new and very ex traordinary bird, belonging to an entirely new genus and species, named by him Balacineps Rex. It is an inhabi tant of the interior of south Africa, and has the head of a pelican, and the feet and legs of a crane. It stands four feet in height, and its principal food consists of young alligators. The form of the head and beak bears some resemblance to that of a .whale;, hence its name. The feet are not webbed. From recent discoveries in ornitho logy it would appear that we have much to learn, both of the existing and also of the fossil species of birds, and especially of the Struthionidre. COUNCIL PROCEEDINGS. The monthly meeting was held on Wednesday. Before the proceedings of the Finance Committee were read, Mr. SAMUEL HOLME rose and moved that a resolution of tile Finance Committee respecting the Birkenhead Ferry should be first disposed of. The Council having assented, Mr. Holme then entered into the particulars of the arrangement which the sub-comMittee had entered into with Messrs. Willooghby. The proposal was that the ferry be leased to Messrs. Wil loughby for fourteen years. The terms were, that Messrs. Willoughby should pay to the Corporation the sum of £2OO per annum for the use of the slip, the coal-yard, and that por tion which was called the ferry property, the hotel being let to another party; that they should pay £2OO a year for the first seven years. and £3OO for the next seven years, purchas • ing the boats at a valuation. After some further observations, Mr. Holme concluded by moving the confirmation of that portion of .the Committee's proceedings, which was carried. The proceedings of the Finance Committee included an exceedingly lengthy correspondence which had taken place between the Council, Sir George Grey, and the lessees of the Gunpowder Magazines. It appeared from the correspondence, which was very lengthy, that in consequence of representa tions made to them of the dangerous state of the powder magazines it Liscard, the Government had conceived it to be their dety to institute an inquiry, the result of which was that two Government engineers had been sent down to Liverpool to ascertain the best site for the magazines, in the event of their removal from their present position. Hilbre Island and float ing magazines had both been suggested to the lessees, but both had been refused by them. The result of the correspondence was a resolution by the Finance Committee that the Council should remain neutral in the matter, and that they should oppose any bill which might be brought forward in Parlia ment upon the question which might be prejudicial to the interests of the corporate estate. Mr. Holme then moved the confirmation of that part of the Committee's proceedings, remarking that he thought that the removal of the magazines rested with the Government. The recommendation of the Committee was carried unanimously. The Finance Commit tee also recommended that the proposed Building Bill be not proceeded with this Session, which was carried. A grant of 180 guineas was made to the -Infirmary; but the Committee regretted that the Standing Orders did'not allow of any grant being made to the Industrial Ragged Schools. Mr. PICTON then moved, after an able speech,- that the• latter subject be referred back to the Finance Committee, to ascertain whether the Council could not establish • Industrial Ragged Schools under their own superintendence. Mr. PARKER seconded the motion. This led to remarks from several of the members that the matter should be left to voluntary efforts ; and, ulti mately, Mr. Picton withdrew his motion, as the Council wished the matter to be brought forward in another shape. Mr. WOODRUFF, before the other proceedi n gs o n th e p a p er were entered into, requested that the byelaws for the regulation of hackney! coaches, &c., determined upon by the committee, might receive the approval of the Council. They were then read by the Town-clerk. Upon the 24th section (relating to fares) a discussion arose. The rates proposed by the commit tee are, for conveying not more than two passengers, with luggage not excceeding 981bs. in weight, any distance not ex ceeding half-a-mile (car or cab,) 6d. ; more than two passen gers, or one or two passengers and luggage more than 2Slbs. in weight, any distance not exceeding half-a-mile, Is. For dis tance not exceeding one mile, car or cab, Is., coach, Is. 6d. ; exceeding one, and not exceeding one-and-a-half, Is. 6d., coach, 2s. 6d. ; one-and-a-half, and not exceeding two, 25., coach, 3s. ; exceeding two, and not exceeding two-and-a-half, 2s. 6d., coach, 3s. 6d. ; two-and-a-quarter, and not exceeding three, 3s„ coach, 45. 6d. ; three, and not exceeding three-and a-half, 3s. 6d., coach, ss. 6d. ; three-and-a-half, a n d no t ex ceeding four, 4s . , coach, 65.; four, and not exceeding four-and a-half, 48. 6d., coach, 75.; four-and-a-half, and not exceeding five, 55., coach, 7s. 6d. The fare for any distance beyond five. miles to be the subject of special agreement. Several amend ments were moved and lost. The recommendation of the committee, that after twelve o'clock at night, and before seven in the morning, one-half the ordinary fare extra should be charged; also provoked some discussion ; an amendment being moved by Mr. HENDERSON. and seconded by Mr. TURNER, that the time be after twelve o'clock and before six in the morning. The amendment was car. ied, and the by-laws, with this alteration, received the sanction of the Council, the com mon seal being directed to be affixed to them. The proceedings of the Watch Committee comprised the necessaty proceedings preparatory to laying a watch rate upon the parish of Liverpool, the townships of Everton and Kirk dale, and those parts of the township of West Derby and the extra-parochial places. of Toxteth-park which are within the borough. _ The proceedings were confirmed, and the Council adjourned until Wednesday. COURT OF PASSAGE A lIU3DAND MUST PAY FOR HIS WIFE'S PECCADILLOES. A somewhat unusual case came on for trial on Tuesday, in which Mr. James appeared for the plaintiff, Eleanor Gater, milliner, Bold-street, and Mr. R. Rushton, jun., for the de fendant, John Crosby; the action being brought to recover money due for goods sold and delivered defendant pleaded not indebted. Mr. James said that his client carried on busi ness as a milliner, in Bold-street and sought to recover .t'S 10s. 6d. for certain articles supplied in the summer of last year to defendant's wife. The articles having been enumerated, evidence was given to establish the sale, their delivery at Mr. Crosby's house, at Prospect-vale, Fairfield, and also to the fact, that they were suitable articles for a woman in her station of life.—Mr. Rushton, in addressing the jury for the defendant, contended that the debts had been incurred after Mrs. Crosby had been dismissed from her husband's house, on account of her infidelity to him. Evidence of this criminal intercourse having been given, Mr. Rushton appealed to the learned as sessor as to whether or not there was any claim in law upon his client?—Mr. James, on the other side, argued that the evi dence of adultery was unsatisfactory ; and the assessor, having instructed the jury, they returned a verdict for the plaintiff for the amount claimed. CLAIM FOR COMPENSATION. CARTER (AN INFANT) V. BOWERS AND MURRAY, (SPECIAL JURY.) This was an action on the case brought to recover compen sation in damages, for bodily injury sustained by the plaintiff, by reason of carelessness or neglect of the defendants. The damages were laid at .W5OO. The defendants are contractors for certain work at the new docks, at the north end of the town ; and the plaintiff, a boy about fifteen years of age, was employed by them as a driver of one of the waggons used for the purpose of conveying the soil from the excavators, on a temporary railway made for the purpose ; and the allegation was, that in consequence of a heap of stones being, allowed to remain near to the rails, throngli the carelessness or negligence of the defendants, the plaintiff, while following his ordinary avocation, was thrown under the' wheels of one of the waggons, by.which his leg was nearly severed from his body, so as to render, amputation necessary. This case excited much atten tion and sympathy on both sides, and was the first taken on the special jury list, The evidence in support of the plaintiffs right of action occupied three hours; but at the conclusion of the examination of the first witness for the defence, the jury f m D e e s i g and Mr. James intimated that they were of opinion that tire stones which h a d occasioned the accident were not under the control o f t h e ton defendants, but of the dock trustees; and co nsequent l y a and Mr. Thor ags burn counsel for the defendants. , verdict o w n e t r a e k f e o n r f t o h r e t p h l e a i d n e t f i e ff n ; d a a n n t d s. M r Mr.. • ACTION FOR FALSE IMPRISONMENT. This was an action in trespass, in which the plaintiff claimed compensation in damages by reason of the false imprisonment of his wife by the defendants. The plaintiff, Mr. Brown, is a clerk in the public offices, and the defendants are Mr. Haslam, licensed victualler, Finch-street, and his son. The short cir cumstances of the case are these :—On the night of the 26th of October last, Mrs. Brown, accompanied by a female named Shaw, called together at the public-house of Mrs. Aspinail, in London-road, where Mrs. Brown, in payment for some li quor , tentered a five-shilling piece, and received in change 4s. 7d. Later on in the evening they called at the house of the defen dants where they again called for some drink, and in payment Mrs. Brown offered a shilling, which the defendant said was a bad one. This led to a dispute, the result of which was that a police-officer was sent for, and Mrs. Brown was given into custody, on the charge of attempting to pass a bad shilling. She lay in bridewell till the following Monday morning, when she was taken before Mr. Rushton, who, after hearing the case, dismissed her. The jury returned a verdict for the plain. tiff—damages caze ferfking. HORTICULTURAL. Begonia Fuchsioides.—This plant rarely flowers well until the second year of its growth. Encourage it to retain the size required the first season, but never cut it ; rest it like other Begonias, and, when you start it for dressing, top-dress it, but do not repot ; give tepid water copiously, but if over done the leaves will turn yellow. It likes a temperature of 70° by day, and 60° by night. Under this treatment it will put forth short jointed flowering branches abundantly. I have had a plant of it in bloom here for the last two months, and another is resting in a cold house for late snring flowering. _ _ United States Horticulture.—The annual value of the product of Horticulture in this country now amounts to nearly five millions of dollars, while that of orchards pro bably exceeds ten millions. But there is another and yet more pleasant aspect in which to view the commerce in plants. There is a value in a flower or fruit which cannot be estimated in money. It is found in that beauty which exceeds all price; in those odours which breathe frag rance; and in that luscious and delicate taste which nothing hut the products of the garden can ever yield. The heathen poets talked of the nectar handed round the tables of Olympus. and the golden Apples in the garden of the Hesperides ; but this only proved that they had never seen the Pippins, the Grapes, or the Roses of this western world. The poet who has seen the fruits in a modern garden, will never try his art in calling upon modern ima gination for what imagination cannot equal! The part of commerce which is thus above fixed, and to which I now allude, is the trade in bouquets, or culled flowers, as the ornament of dress or rooms. nere is not a modern city in which the sale of flowers is not quite extensive. There is hardly a lady that does not wear them, and hardly a gen tleman who does not really or professedly pay homage to the refined taste, which has thus associated the graces of her person with the loveliness of flowers ! The trade in this branch of Horticulture is rapidly increasing, and of all the fashions to which luxury has given rise, this is one of the most innocent and the most to be commended. In spite of all the artificiality of civic life, there is something in this association, which calls us back to the bloom and beauty of primitive creation !—Cincinnati Horticultural Review. BOTANICAL AND HORTICULTURAL LITERATURE It will be a source of very much pleasure to many of our readers, to learn that Mr. Maund has commenced this year a re-issue of his Botanic Garden and Fruitist, which has been so many years the favourite of every lover of hardy plants. It is the only book to which we can look for those hardy plants which once formed the pride of our gardens, and are now again being sought for with eager ness by those who really appreciate beauty in preference to rarity. The work is coming out at one-third less than the original edition. Hooker's Journal of Botany con tains four original papers on botanical subjects by N. A. Dalzell, Esq., Rev. J. M. Berkeley, W. Nutter, and Dr. Arnott. It also contains an account of the curious anti dote for serpent's bites—the cedron of South America. Curtiss' Magazine has figures, of a lovely new annual Schcenia Oppositifolia, surpassing the pretty Rodanthe Manglesii. The fine lily Lilium Wallichii, Echinocactus Streptocaulon. The Tamarind, represented from flower ing specimens at Kew Gardens, and the curious aquatic Pistia Stratiotus or water lettuce. The fourth volume of the re-issue of Sowerbv's English Botany is completed, and offers a facility for the study of British botany never before known to the student. ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS J.—Your communication is not adapted to this column. Enamelling belongs to the arts rather than to the sciences. BIPARTITE DIVISION OF THE OUTER RING OF SATURN. BY DR. D. P. THOMPSON Into how many concentric circles is the outer ring of Saturn divided ?—has long been a question in astronomy. That a multiple division might be, required not, though it received, the demonstrations of Laplace; nevertheless, hia-1116noire is valuable, for he shows that their centres of gravity may be independent of that of the planet. On the 17th of December, 1825, Captain Kater thought he saw a division in the outer ring. " I fancied," says he, " that 1 saw the outer ring separated by numerous dark divisions, extremely close, one stronger than the rest dividing the ring about equally. * * * * The inner ring decidedly has no such appearance." In the following year a glimpse of the same was twice obtained ; but after an interval of three years, on the 22d of Jan., 1828, under very favourable circumstances, the captain failed to'detecti t. " I am, therefore, the more persuaded," says he, " that they are not permanent." There is something about the appearance on the 17th of Dec., 1825, exceedingly interesting; and we are struck with the resemblance of the third diagram illustrating his paper (Memoirs of Roy. Ast. Soc., vol. iv.) to that recently drawn by the Rev. Mr. Davies, in the Proceedings of the same society. And it may be observed that this appearance of the ring was confirmed by the testimony of two individuals, one of whom was Mrs. Kater, (vide Smyth's Cycle,) who is malignantly called by the captain a " person." We are at a loss, however, to know which of the " persons" was his lady, unless we can find out if she was the " short-sighted" one referred to. Short, the astronomer, had previously witnessed a simi lar division of the outer ring ; and though we have searched unsuccessfully, as well an others, for the original, the ob servation is referred to by Brewster, Laplace, Lalande, and Delambre. Such a division had also been seen by Quetelet, at Paris, in December, 1823. In all these, and in subsequent observations, it has been the outer ring which appeared divided ; a sufficient refutation of the ar gument of Sir William Herschel, that it had arisen from tremors of the speculum in the case of Short and Kater, and applying the same argument to the object-glass in that of Quetelet. Against this presumptive evidence, we have to balance the negative testimony of Sir 'William Herschel, in 1791, Sir John Herschel, in 1826, Struve, in the same year, and Kater, in 1828. The subject remained in abeyance till the autumn of 1843, when. Mr. Lassell, and the Rev. Mr. Dawes, of Wa teringbury, beheld the phenomenon at Starfield, near Liverpbol. It was on a somewhat hazy night, after a beautiful and warm day, the 7th of September, that these astronomers turned their attention closely to the planet Saturn. " I took my place at the telescope," says Mr. Dawes, " and Mr. Lassell requested me to examine care fully the extremities of the ring, and say if I observed any thing remarkable. Having obtained a fine adjust ment of the focus, I presently perceived the outer ring to be divided in two. This perfectly coincided with the im pression Mr. Lassell had previously received. For some minutes I scrutinized the interestine object, and occa sionally, for several seconds together, had by far the finest view of Saturn that I was ever favoured with. The outline of the planet was very hard and sharply defined with power 450 • and the primary division of the ring very black and steadily seen all round the southern side. When this 'was most satisfactorily observed, a dark line was pretty obvious on the outer ring. I *as notonly perfectly satisfied of its existence, but had time during the bestviews carefully to estimate its breadth, in comparison with that of the division ordinarily seen. The proportion appeared to be as 1 to 3 ; but Mr. Lassell estimated it at scarcely one-third. it is certainly rather outside the middle of the outer ring, and is broadest at the major axis, being in this respect precisely similar to the primary division. It was equally visible at both ends of the ring."—Captain Smyth's Cycle. Bringing the narrative down to the present time, we find the proceedings of the astronomical society for December last contain some interesting observations by Mr. Dawes and Mr. Lassell, in confirmation of the opi nion that there is a bipartite' division of the outer ring. Upon the 23rd of November, 1850, the rev. gentleman obtained a view which warranted the following entry in his journal:—" sometimes suspected that the %outer ring had a short and narrow line upon it, near the extre mity. On scrutinizing the preceding arm, I occasionally get the same impression. Query—ls the division in the outer arm becoming visible again? Mem. Ast. Lassell to look for it." Strange to say, the following morning's post brought a letter from Mr. Lassell on this very point. It is dated the 22nd,—" Last night, in about a single hour of fine sky, I was favoured with a view of Saturn, accompanied by his eight satellites, some of them in try ing positions...l had repeated impressions of a secondary division, and, if it be real, it is one-third of the breadth of the outer ring, from its outer edge. The suspicion was the same from both anste—powers from 219 to 614 ; aper ture; 24 inches." Upon' the 25th and 29th, the Rev. Mr. Dawes fully satisfied himself of , the appearance ; and on the 2nd of December, Mr. Lassell arrived. It was upon that' evening that he observed the peculiar appearance between the broad bright inner ring and the planet, which ,Bond, of the United States, considers a ring ; but he could not Satisfy hiniself of the secondary division referred to. That it exists the mind is almost satisfied, but it is evidently a " trying" object for the telescope. The fact of its having been seen at Starfield on the 21st, and at WateringbUry 9n the 23rd of the 'same month, by two able observers, "'without previous communication on the subject, and using instruments so different in character as Mr. Lassell's twenty-foot reflector and Mr. Dawes's refractor, unless there were some real grounds for it," is too improbable aceincidence. An American senator, who had married a lady of pro perty in the South, was asked quizzically how many slaves his wife possessed. He replied, laying his hand on his breast, " She has but one slave." Ifitbentoro l ;ffietballtra Column. NEW INVENTIONS.—Two merchants of Liverpool, where they are quite alive to the great business questions of the day, have enrolled two separate patents in regard to water. , The one, of Mr. Laird's, is " for filtering and purifying water ;" the other, of Mr. James-Forster's, is for " improvements in filtering water and , other liquids." We hope: that both of them will have the effect of pre venting the taking up of lead by water passing through pipes or remaining in leaden cisterns. Anew candlestick is also about to enlighten us, at the instance of the Rev. W. H. Jones, of Queen's College, Oxford; and Chailey, Sussex. If the rev. gentleman can but only cro as well with his new invention as Mr. Palmer has done by the reproduction of an old one, he will have little need to envy the Archbishop of Canterbury his income for the future.—Reporter. [We believe the latter gentleman is one of the talented sons olthe Rev.. J. Jonas, Rural Dean of Liverpool.—En. L. Sc] STEREO-CHROMIC.—T6iS is a new mode of fresco painting, about which Garman artists are now so san guine. It is the discovery of the distinguished chemist, the Oberbergrath von Fuchs, and considered one of the great discoveries of the age.. Its advantages over ordinary fresco and encaustic painting are its greater durability, and the power which it affords the painter of retouching and glazing his picture. The colour is mixed with water, and the whole is permanently fixed by occasional sprink lings of water, in which is mixed a certain proportion of fluoric acid. A pupil of. Kaulbach is painting in this style a picture for the Great Exhibition.—Athenaeum. PATENT LAW REFORM.—A public meeting was held on Monday last of the members and friends of the National Patent Law Amendment Association, to receive the report of the council. The report commenced by complaining that, according to the present patent law, a sum of nearly £4OO must be paid before an invention can have a patent for the United Kingdom. The council proposed to reduce the expense to £3O, in the form of a stamp' duty, as sug gested by the Government committee in 1849, and were further of opinion that patent reform to be worth anything should comprise :—L Protection for inventors ad interim or provisionally, ohtainable at little or no cost. 2. Com plete protection, or letters patent, obtainable at moderate cost, if any he thought expedient. 3. A simplified mode of obtaining complete protection, or patent. 4. An offi cial classified index of patents and protections, for the easy reference of inventors and the public. 5. The better judi cial protection of patent rights, by the introduction and use of scientific and practical judgment, in a positive form, and without extra expense to the litigants. This report having been read, several questions were asked, so as to ascertain whether the suggestions of the council embodied the wishes and opinions of those " poor inventors" who could not afford to pay £3O. The answers were in effect that if the proposals of the council were carried out to the fullest extent the cost alluded to might not be deemed ne cessary, but that the protection required (as suggested in one of the propositions) be " obtainable at little or no cost." After this the meeting separated, the members of the association stating they were resolved to use every effort to effect the objects set forth in the report of their council. CORRESPONDENCE PAPAL AGGRESSIONS LETTER 11.-HOW THE DIFFICULTY SHOULD BE MET. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, SIR,—My former letter referred to a Papal aggression, which is not less an insult towards Protestants for being a very ancient and certainly an unintended one. It is, how ever, one that may readily be met, by a moral remedy which is in every man's power—passive resistance ; a steady and combined resolve of all not to use the word " Catholic" in the sense of Romanist or Papist. We have now to consider the recent aggression of the Pope; and how the apostolical letter of Pius IX., conferring titles and partitioning dioceses in a kingdom where " he neither has nor ought to have" any power, is to be met and prevented. The writers on the side of the Pope are urgent in main taining that this interference with another's freehold is no trespass. But such unwarranted intrusions were not ad mitted by the most vigorous of our sovereigns, even in times when Popery might with more propriety be called " Catholic" in this kingdom. Perhaps we might be sa tisfied to imitate the course adopted by Edward 1., when Pope Boniface VIII. prohibited him from taxing the clergy. " Orders were given to the judges, to receive no cause brought before them by the clergy ; to hear and decide all causes in which they were defendants ; to do every man justice against them, and to do them justice against none." He, in fact, outlawed all his clergy. I could not, however, desire to see a Protestant Govern ment imitate the rigour with which our Papist monarchs were wont to treat their spiritual lords' " aggressions." The grievance we have to remedy is not entirely an ec clesiastical one. The assumption of foreign titles of honour, without leave of the sovereign, is an offence against " the sole fountain of honour," which should be impartially met, as well in the walks of civil or military life as in those of Romish churchmen. A Jew, like a. " Catholic," may claim to belong to no state; and, ac cordingly, the one may assume to be a baron, or the other a cardinal, upon the plea of some divided allegiance which is shared with the Sovereign of this realm ; but neither from the one nor the other can the plea be received. If there is no law to prevent such an impropriety, a new law must be introduced, stringent enough to reach the fault, but impartial enough to punish all who commit the offence. The French have a law, as may be known, containing punishment unknown to the English law, called Civil Death. The nature of it, I believe, to be that a man is viewed as if he were a nonentity, or had ceased to exist: He cannot resort to the law to vindicate his rights. The law is not a very Christian one in all its de tails ; nevertheless, it may be remembered that this punishment was inflicted on Prince Polignac, for a politi cal offence sufficiently heinous undoubtedly, but not more universally reprobated by a great nation than that which we are now considering. Let any person, as well eccle siastical as civil, who assumes a title of honour without leave of the Crown or of the law of the land, be as if he had never had existence. Let the name of such title or distinction be null and void for any legacy or benefit; and let it be permitted to any common informer to cite any one, who by any overt act assumes such a distinction, before a magistrate ; and let him be fined for the offence, without appeal, in a sum of sufficient magnitude to make it annoying, if frequently repeated. At the same time, whilst the assumption of such title or distinction should deprive a man of any benefit, it should never be admitted for his advantage, either by way of misnomer or other wise. Such civil disabilities as these, which would not have the dignity of persecution, would involve the offender in an amount of ridicule, almost worse than any other pu nishment; and this should be the object of the law, be cause in its application to many who might suffer by it, it would be calculated to wound the man's personal vanity. It would be a species of civil excommunication, more in tolerable than the original thunderbolt, which has now lost its fire ; and as directed towards Rome, it would be to " turn the tables" upon the Roman Pontiff. It is of immense importance that we should mete out a sufficient punishment against the insult which has been given by this most despicable of earthly potentates. The weakness of the insect does not lessen the sharpness of the sting, nor the disposition to crush it. The eyes of " all nations and languages" are upon Great Britain, to watch the effect of a blow upon a people the most exalted in intelligence and power. None have yet drawn from Papal weakness the acknowledgment of an error. If we have found an enemy " impalpable to touch," who has neither fleets nor commerce that we can reach, we must rack our ingenuity to devise, like Captain Warren, " a long range," and from unseen sources derive fires that will roll up the papal parchment to a cinder, render it of none effect, and leave the Cardinal Archbishop with his pallium, but without an English diocese. The Pope might then invoke anew " the assistance of Mary the Virgin, Mother of God, and the other heavenly patrons of England," " especially St. Gregory the Great,' the ori ginal usurper of the rights and privileges of the English Church—a holy company of whose efficiency as " inter cessors with God" the Christianity of Protestants is ig norant, and whose assistance is little dreaded or needed by A CHURCH-OF-ENGLAND MAN. OUR INCREASED EXPORTS NOT ATTRIBUTA- BLE TO FREE TRADE IN CORN, TO TIM EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD looiiing over the Liverpool Times of this date, I find under the title of " Exports of Cotton Goods to Foreign Countries," a reference to exports hence to the United States. It appears to me that the writer is more intent on making a victim of you, than he is of making a fair and candid statement of facts, and thereby allow his readers to draw a right conclusion. To shew the great increase in our exports of cotton goods to the States, he takes 1845 to compare with 1849 ; but he omits to state that in 1846 the United States adopted a new tariff, which came into operation in November of that year. According to this tariff, cotton goods were reduced to a duty of 25 per cent. No wonder, then, there was an in crease, especially as the former duty on coarse descrip tions amounted to a prohibition, and very heavy on all other fabrics. This fact shews, at least, that the writer of the article alluded to has no right to credit our free trade in corn with the increase in our export to the United States, or has he any right to taunt you for want of argu ment against free trade.—Yours respectfully, _ _ _ J. P. J. Manchester, '6th February, 1851 tOtrirt 3eius. On Monday, William Durham, aged 51, for a wager of £2O a side, walked from Preston to Kendal and back, a distance of 88 miles, in less than 23 hours. The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster has placed the names of Henry Anthony Littledale, Esq., and Wm. Tipping, Esq., in the Commission of the Peace for this count. . . . . . At bury, on Sunday last, a young lady officiated as clerk at the parish church, in the absence of the paid official, who was attending to his duties in the church yard, with the second curate. While a man named Wynne, who was much intoxi cated, was leaning against the screen before the fire at a beerhause at Handbridge, Cheshire, on Monday night week, he fell against the firegrate, and before the accident was discovered he was so dreadfully burned that no hope. are entertained of his recovery. An aged woman, named Betty Harwood, who had been in receipt of parish relief at Preston, and who was found dead in bed on the 19th ult., possessed the following arti cles, which have been sold :—Fifty-two bonnets, fifty-two dresses, and fifty-two pairs of shoes ; while in each pair of shoes there was a pair of stockings, and in each pair of stocking, a pair of garter'. DAY NURSERIES IN MANCHESTER.—The Manchester Courier says that, in September last, a numerous and in. fluential , meeting was held in the Town-hall, " for the purpose of considering the propriety of establishing an. experimental Day Nursery for the infants of the labouring classes in Manchester. At that meeting a committee was formed to carry out the resolutions agreed upon for the formation of a Day Nursery, whose labours have resulted in the establishment of an institution in Ancoats-crescent, Great Ancoats-street, which is likely to be of inestimable advantage to the poorer inhabitants of the localicy. We paid a visit to the institution a few days since, and were highly gratified with the inspection. The nursery is established for the purpose of receiving the children of the married industrious factory operatives while their pa. rents are at work in the mill s . It i s i n t en d e d t o b e a se lf. supporting institution, its expenses being defrayed by the weekly subscriptions of the parents whose children are placed under its care." - TALKING Btuns.—Mr. Rothwell, hair dresser, South. port, has had a letter from a clergyman in Hampshire, enquiring about his starling, called "Jacob,"'and what it could say besides " Poor Jacob, give us Rory." It could say, " How do you do ?" and, when it saw a bason of water on the floor, it would say, " Poor Jacob wants a wash." INIr. Garside, of Cheetham-hill,_ Manchester, taught a starling to go through a regular performance. It would say, "Ladies and gentlemen, how do you do ? Jack's a tory. Wellington for ever! 1, should like to kiss Sally." It would also whistle, " A rose tree in full bearing." In a recently published book on birds, men tion is made of a starling at Edinburgh that was worth five guineas. It would hop upon the breakfast table and. say, " Jack wants breakfast ; bread for Jack ; bread and butter for Jack ; poor Jack ; bread and butter for break fast. The Family Herald alludes to one in Glasgow that would say many more th'ngs than She one above-men tioned. A hook of natural history states that nightingales repeat words in the dark, and that a red-breast in a cage was taught to say, " How do you do ?" by lessons given when feeding them.—Preston Chrtmicle. JOHN BULL'S LOVE FOR FOREIGNERS.—As an in stance of the remark that the foreigner excels us in taste, a year or two since, a youth, who had 'een serving his apprenticeship near London, having friends in France, proceeded thither in quest of employ. After residing there some time, he returned to England : proceeding to Manchester, he introduced himself, fully bearded and' mustachioed, to one of the large printers, and offering his services. They were accepted, and all went on well until he unfortunately became known as one of our own countrymen ; from which time he sank in estimation, and subsequently his services were dispensed with. Again, within these last few months, a person resident in Manchester (not an artist) came up to London, bring ing a number of designs for sale, several of which were purchased. On being asked how he managed to sell them, he replied, " I state them to be French, knowing they would not buy English drawings." Does not this show the blind avidity with which John Bull gulls him self ; and how false must be the position of the artist who has to resort to all this chicanery and falsehood to procure a vent for his productions.—Correspondent of Manches ter Guardian, FRIGHTFUL MURDER AT WARRINGTON.—The town of Warrington has been thrown into a state of excitement by the suspected murder of an Irishwoman named Mar garet Fahay, who was accustomed to hawk small wares in the neighbourhood, and who lodged in the house of a man named Patrick Lyons, in that borough. It appears that the wife of Patrick Lyons and an old woman were also hawkers, and that on Monday night last the old woman heard a scream from the lower part of the house, but was told in the morning by Lyons and his wife that it proceeded from a drunken man. Her suspicions being awakened by the absence of Margaret Fahay, who was accustomed to sleep with her, she communicated them to the police, and in consequence a search was made in the house of Lyons, when the body of the Irishwoman was discovered in a cupboard, lying in a pool of blood and covered with a sack. Oa being examined by a surgeon, it was found to be dreadfully mangled, as if by a butcher's cleaver. A sack was partially thrown over the body, and a piece of coal was so placed as to hide it, if the door were opened. In reply to the charge of having committed the murder jointly with her husband, Bridget Lyons said she knew nothing of it ' • but she was given into the charge of Police-constable Dagnall and taken to prison. Dr. Davis examined the body, in, which life was of course quite extinct, and several wounds, evidently from a blunt instrument, were observed on the head and neck. On continuing the search more minutely, a small axe or cleaver was found in the ash-hole under the fire-place_ It was covered with ashes, but the marks of blood on the blade were very distinct. The door key was also found thrust under the bed. The unfortunate woman Fahay, was a sort of pedlar, and was known to have a little money, which is thought to have been the incentive to the murder. On examining the body, however, a small tin box containing 12s. 6d. was discovered suspended by a piece of tape round her neck, having evidently escaped the observation of the murderer. The man Lyons has absconded. ALLEGED A.I.I.7RDEIt OF A WIFE, T o O d m n o Tuesday, rden . %% tahmhaanv having, mur dered his wife, Jane Cooper, by means of administering l' o gi n j tl o i h e n 2d C o o rra r Za a ry s c i h as a t, geda poison. Little or nothing, however, transpired, for the accused had been brought up only for the purpose of Mr. Chalk, the superintendent of the York police, asking for a remand until Thursday, which was granted. The pri soner asserted his entire ignorance of the crime. It is stated that Cooper was formerly head assistant at Lincoln. Grammar School, and that since then he has resided at Stanfield Hall, near Todmorden, which is on the York shire side of the border between , that county and Lanca shire, where he conducted a boarding-school for young gentlemen. He is about 30 years of age, and married a Miss Ripley, of Tockwith, near York. His own parents reside at Kirk llammerton. He has been married about four years, and has two children—one about six weeks old, and the other about two years. In the latter part of December last his wife gave birth to their second child. The Halifax Guardian of Saturday gives, the following curious particulars relating to the affair. It appears that the prisoner has been carrying on a correspondence with a Miss Eckersley Mrs. Horsfall, of Todmorden (Miss Eckersley's sister), had a bottle given her by Cooper, who stated that it con tained what he had given to his wife ; and that if she liked she might give him some of it. This bottle has been handed over to the police ; and on Friday a large parcel, containing a number of letters written by Miss Annie Eckersley to Cooper,'were handed over to Sergeant Heap The police force of Todmorden and York are actively en gaged in procuring fresh evidence, and collecting letters which have passed between Cooper and Miss Eckersley. A number have been found in a letter-case left by Cooper at the Queen's Hotel, Todmorden, prior to his precipitate journey to York. It will at once be suspected what was the nature of these communications, and we copy two of the letters as a specimen of the rest- The following is from Cooper to his " Dear, dear, dearest Annie," but is without dat9 ; a remark which will apply to m o s t o f the immense number of similar letters which are forth- coming : "My dear, dear, dearest Annie,—l cannot tell how it is, but I feel so much in reference to you that I cannot pursue my business for thinicing about you. I am strongly impressed that you mean to break me off. I don't know why I should have this impression, but I have it, and I cannot shake it off. I cannot think you would be so cruel, yet this has come over me, and I don't know how. I shall not be happy until I have seen you, and have had some conversation with you. To all appear ance the time is not far distant when I shall be left alone, save my little child. But if you give me up, then I am undone. Should it be so, I would rather die than live. It is only for you that I desire to live; as I am quite sure I cannot be long blessed with my present partner, and you are the person of her choice. You are mine too, and to be forbidden you would be the greatest punishment that could be inflicted upon me. Do see me as soon as you can. If you don't, then I must couclude that it is as I have supposed. _ "Yours most affectionately, J. C." The following is, no doubt, the reply to the foregoing, and which we select from a bundle of about 50 letters written by Miss Eckersley " Alford, November 11th, 1850. " Mr. Cooper, Dear Sir,—l write these few lines to inform you that I cannot feel happy, nor have any peace of mind so long as I have any engagements with a married man. I am sure that the blessing of God can never rest upon us. Mrs. Cooper is an injured woman. How should I like to be in her place ? I consider myself perfectly at liberty whatever may be the con sequences. I don't say that 1 am going to engage myself. I have no thought of it. No, not at all. You will never prosper, nor myself either, under any engagements now. I have now done my duty. At all events, with God. I know that if it were true that Mrs. Cooper would die to-morrow, I have to business to be engaged to you to-day. I will not. You must see the propriety of this. I beg yon will make this matter your prayer, to be set right. Do attend to your duty, and seek the blessing of God. Let us keep his commandments holy, and then we shall have his blessing. Let the Lord take Mrs. Cooper at his appointed time. I beg you will attend to her. How could we expect to prosper, not keeping God's commandments ? You have never prospered since we first made the engagement. Remember that if you destroy yourself, you will kill me.—l remain, yours affectionately, "ANNIE ECKERSLEY." Diligent search has been made for the letter containing the " engagement" alluded to, but hitherto without suc cess. We, at present, refrain from drawing any inference from the particulars we are thus enabled to lay before the public. , Cooper, as we have already stated, has only re sided a short time in Todmorden. He has contrived, however, to run deeply in debt with most of the respect able tradesmen in the town. Suspicion was first aroused against him from the fact that, two days after his wife's death, he had her removed to Bilton, a village about 12 miles from York, where she was interred. Several foul reports at last gained circulation; and, coming to the ears of Sergeant Heap, he resolved to institute a most search ing inquiry into the case. A TOWN COUNCILLOR IN TROUBLE. —ln the Thin Court, yesterday week, Mr. Crompton moved for a rule to show cause why a q uo warran t ° s h ou ld not b e fil e d against Mr. Blackw e ll, t o s h ow by w h at aut h or i ty h e claimed to exercise the office of town-councillor of the borough of Newcastle-upon-Tvne, upon the ground that he had entered into contracts with the corporation. It appeared that Mr. Blackwell was the publisher of a news paper (Newcastle Courant) at Newcastle, and he was employed by the corporation to insert advertisements in the newspaper, and he also sold newspapers to the cor poration. Mr. Justice Erle said, the employment must be paid for out of the funds of the corporation. Were the corporation authorised to lay out the borough funds in buying newspapers ! If certain members of a corporation bought a newspaper of a fellow member . of a corpo ra ti on that would be no ground for removing him.—M r . Cromp ton said, there were many advertisements, and Mr. Blackwell was the person employed to print them. He had also entered into a contract for supplying the gaol with printed forms of dietary tables, notices, &c. By the act of the sth and 6 of William IV., c. 76, sec. 28 and 39, a person was incapacitated who was employed to build a gaol, or who entered into any contract relating thereto. The learned judge said there wqa enough for a rule.