The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1855-06-26 00:00:00

SUPPLEMENT TO THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. fire; be sure that it is cold before pouring it into the vessel containing the rest of the liquor. That done, cask it. When the fermentation is over, bring it down. Bottle it in March, and the following June it will be ready for use. EGGS PICKLED.—The farmers' dames in some parts of Hampshire have acquired much fame for pickling eggs, which, while they constitute a somewhat novel feature in the cata logue of condiments generally, are at the same tune particu larly relishing. When eggs are plentiful, they take from four to six dozen of such as are newly laid, and boil them hard; then, divesting them of the shells, they place them in large mouthed earthen jars, and pour upon them scalded vinegar, well seasoned with whole pepper, allspice, ginger, and a few clove of garlic. When the pickle is cold, the jars are stopped down quite close, and the former will be fit for use in the course of a month afterwards. The eggs thus treated are ex cellent, and are held in high esteem by all the farm-house epicures in that part of England. PEESERVA.TION OF MILK.—The following method is recom mended for the preservation of milk, either at sea or in warm climates :—Provide pint or quart bottles, which must be per fectly clean, sweet, and dry; draw the milk from the cow into the bottles, and, as they are filled, immediately cork them well up, and fasten the corks with packthread or wire ; then spread a little straw on the bottom of a boiler, on which place the bottles, with straw between them, until the boiler contains a sufficient quantity. Fill it up with cold water; heat the water, and, as soon as it begins to boil, draw the fire, and let the whole cool gradually. When quite cold, take out the bottles and pack them with straw or sawdust in hampers, and stow them in the coolest part of the ship, or in a cool place. Some years since there was a Swedish or Danish vessel at Liverpool, having milk on board, preserved in this manner. It had been carried twice to the West Indies, and back to Denmark, and been above eighteen months in the bottles ; nevertheless, it was as sweet as when first taken from the cow.—New Monthly Mag. On this subject the editor of the Chemist, in the May number, remarks, " We have lately tasted, at the Royal Institution, milk preserved by M. Mabbru's process, and which had been presented by the Abbd Moigno to Mr. Barlow, who alluded to it in his lecture on preserved meats and vegetables. This milk was one year old, and was as sweet as when first drawn. A considerable quantity of cream had collected in the neck of the bottles." SCIENCE AND ART. LIVERPOOL WELL-WATER SUPPLY. Ax a recent meeting of the Institution of Civil Engineers, held in London, a discussion of considerable interest took place on a paper which was read by Mr. F. Braithwaite, " On the Infiltration of Salt Water to the Springs of Wells under London and Liverpool." In the paper it was contended that there was abundant evidence of the existence of undue quan tities of the salts of soda in the water under London and Liverpool; that the quantity varied in the ratio of the proxi mity to the rivers, and the depression of the water-level, in the wells, below the tidal level in the Mersey and the Thames; and that the'amount of chloride of sodium found in the water from twenty-one wells at Liverpool varied between 2.66 grains and 5.66 grains per imperial gallon, and in water from London wells, the same salts had been found to the extent of 70 grains per gallon. The quantities had been determined by careful analysis made at various times by Messrs. Brande, Graham, Way, Mitchell, Miller, Phillips, Thompson, Playfair, Muspratt, Gage, and other chemists of undoubted skill. The presence of bhis saline matter, could, it was contended, only be attributed to one cause, and was inseparably connected with the alleged depression of the water-level in the wells under London and Liverpool, and the same would be found elsewhere, wherever the wells were situated within the range of tidal influence. With respect to the quality of water obtained from the wells sunk in the red sandstone at Liverpool, Mr. Stephenson's report expressly stated, that the wells which contained large quantities of salt were " mainly confined to a band running parallel with the eastern margin of the river and with a line from the Custom-house, along Paradise-street, Whitechapel, Byrom-street, to Scotland-road. This at once recalled to recollection the suggestion made by Mr. Gage, in his evidence, that the extreme saltness of some of the wells, which had then been alluded to, was attributable to their being situated upon, or contiguous to an ancient tidal creek, which has been filled up and built over, and this opinion is in perfect accordance with that induced by a study of the analyses in conjunction with the map. For example, the wells at Croft's Soap Works, Bent's Brewery, Howard's Brewery, and Fawcett and Preston's Works, are all comprehended in an area running parallel with the line of creek ; while the wells at Hindley's, Platt and Son's, Jack's, and the Mersey Iron and Steel Company, are upon the margin of the river. These cases, so far as they go, may be considered confirmatory of the view of Mr. Gage, and there can be little doubt that if a still more elaborate series were instituted, additional confirmation would be obtained. The large quantity of the chloride of sodium in the water of the Bevington-bush well would, at first sight, appear to be an exception to the above ; but this is not the case, as its situation is nearly in the line that may be taken to represent the con tinuation of the creek." _ _ The analyses given in Mr. Stephenson's report shewed, that the water from wells impregnated with salt contained no car bonate of soda, and was quite different in quality to the Tra falgar-square water. At Liverpool, since 1850, a small bore hole had been sunk in the Green-lane well, and this well had since yielded 2,600,000 gallons daily, while in 1850 the same well only yielded 1,249,000 gallons daily. An analysis made in 1855, of the water yielded by this well, showed, that it only contained, altogether, about 14 grains' of solid contents per gallon, a large portion of which was carbonate of lime ; in fact, the solid contents hardly differed in quantity, or quality, from the analysis made in 1850, and given in Mr. Stephenson's report. Altogether 6,000,000 gallons per day had been for many years past pumped up, from wells sunk in the red sandstone, for the public supply of Liverpool, and the water from tbese wells now contained no more salt than the water pumped up for eight years past. The water from the Liverpool wells, that were impregnated with salt, were deep private wells, mainly situated, as explained in Mr. Stephenson's report, upon, or contiguous to, an ancient tidal creek which had been filled up and built over. No just comparison could, therefore, be made between the composi tion of the water obtained from the wells sunk in the red sand-stone, and that which was obtained froom the deep wells sunk under London into the chalk, as the circumstances, like the strata, were altogether different. But the statement that the soda salts were decreasing, was decidedly erroneous, as all the analyses made by eminent chemists, in London and Liverpool, showed the contrary to be the case. HEAT WITHOUT FUEL.—A letter from Paris contains the following important statement :—" The problem of acquiring heat without fuel appears to have been solved by the invention of the machine of MM. Beaumont and Mayer, with which, by means of friction alone, they can make water boil. The ma chine, which may be seen at work at their establishment on the Quai Valmy, contains 400 litres of water, which is made to buil in two hours. A cone of wood which turns in a cylinder, so as to produce the necessary friction, is covered with tow, mid that tow, in order that it may not catch fire, is kept con ,tantly moistened by a stream of oil which runs on it. The ;eat gradually increases, until at last steam is generated." [A litre is equivalent to 1 pint 31-24 gills imperial measure ] SUBSTITUTE FOB RAGS IN PAPER-MAKING.---We have ained from all mention of this process, for which a patent granted to Messrs. Charles Watt and Hugh Burgess in A l: ust, 18p, until the experiments made with the view of test ing its merits, and bringing it to absolute perfection, had arrived at such a point as would enable us to say that the process had succeeded completely. These experiments have been performed a very extensive scale in the United States, and in this country, and the result is that pulp for paper can be produced, of first-rate quality, at a cost which will cause it to become a most economical substitute for rags. The paper difficulty may now be regarded as at an end, is constant, and so large, deficiency in the supply of the mat e ' The process consists in first boiling lye, in order to remove the resinous to remove the alkali ; the wood i 4 th e d gas, or an oxygenous compoun d ratus, and washed to free it from it is now treated with a small clua, n ; t ' converts it instantly into pulP, and bleached, when it will m erely ra hour or an hour and a half in the ' and made into paper. This process in fact, a piece of wood may be co; printed upon within 24 hours. in a „ s as to rel at which we are writing, this Prc)c—..c , f a cto., operation at the temporary mann 0 great number of persons interested /1, for paper. After this step, stars wi the process on a large scale, by the The Chemist. ESSENCE of DR. JOIINSON IMPROVED. — T he " Old Scratch." A CON FOR TDB AGRICULTI: IO " cow make good meat P—When it's ci A COBDEN PROVERB.—A lighten the people, so as to burn in' A LARGE BUMP OF CAUTION.'" here, Aunt, the breeze is so deligl " Yes—lt's very nice, I dare say ; to the cliff, for I am always afraid 0 ' railings !" A NICE MAN FOR A SMALL TS' tion for the last few years of the dui,_ and down, and going through all sortm grocers, in their facetious cups, nic k " Glad:tone's Thi Dansante.' Charles (who is rather addicting of Goodwood Races). " We've e,„ our Club !" Constance. i O A Stq' t is, never thought much of your Club fri e you associated with people of that 0 TO-MORROW MORNING'S By a Sharp-sighted C' The name of the architect who bi in the air is " To-morrow," and 001 The Pride that holds it; head too • thing; whereas Modesty, like a diver' ing its head low. Blows and cuts are felt more keen- l 1 same way that wounds hurt a grea t is over. A Man pauses, hesitates, and re c l, 2' oo woman, whereas a woman will re a d sight. SPIRIT OF " Di ° R . 0231 -ATTIC PANES.—Those bele A ih ? woue,,, iii) .. lAN MAN consequence —........... ,ilif to RuerrnoceAocfcotuheyrre—mAovraev)..ahhea 'll * lot t- ye" " England expects that every house ` . , i ci iiter. ,A A LOFTY IDEA.—It follows, as a.r to ttp, ei r c illa' masses must be elevated by a vis it ' ds t i rie 1 when . we consider the eminence it et al ' o d tirof ;oil,' A CLASSICAL EXTRAVAGANZA.--' 'r e " id i f r that his wife had made him the happYr A o t A gi" mechanically exclaimed " Oh GerainiY ' 4 11 0 , 4 1 A ,0 i s! A DISTRESSED friend of ours, who 0 9 ",, t ."1,i1)10ir in by his landlord, suggests that the friotrAs t meat of rent be henceforth called Slo Pea , OO n IT may appear somewhat paradoxical no ial 0 , :',/ i corporated town, however denselY er I,,,b ecOwe v iA in it. op il f , i Mn. WM. ARTHUR CHA WICIC Iliqat P‘og e j 4 I , entitled National DDebt, no 0 1 '; t *- i dolt see Mr. Chadwick—if he's a married el l e IY„ i fr borrow any amount upon the h ,pothes,Pf d6c e 4' i DOING IT BROWN.—A new s) I , ch '' ~ 3 3 , s teul ° e 0 1 1 ' 0 7 been eventuated by Mr. Brown, in w patl e "mt 4 introduction of cents. Perhaps this g;, by Pd. , duced further to " astonish the 13rowilsmticll " $ into some of our systems where it is s - i!' *IP .----s,rp THE LIVERPOOL Sl' v 0 • AND SUPPL-1; u; 31d. Unstalie „ 0 41d. Stop-Pea' titio' i In this age of cheapness, whe n C011313e, 'ce, excellence than for lowne ss of P l 3 w ill 1) e STANDARD, AND SUPPLEOI4I'- e -^e St ' its reduced charge, one of the ell ' l ' of the day. #(0, 14Ate'" re Pig LIVERPOOL rninsc,,pß Printed and Published every_ TaesdaY ROBERT PEARSON THACKER,,°',O Or' ot STANDARD GENERAL PR1N11,5,10,10 GEORGE'S CEMENT, Liverpool Die FASHIONS. Tits recent chilly weather has had its effect in preventing the general adoption of those light and transparent textures usually worn at the present season. Nevertheless, many dresses of barege and muslin have been completed, and will make their appearance as soon as a few warm sunshiny days may give safe assurance of the advent of summer, Some new bareges, intended for young ladies, have been made with high corsages, plain and closed in front with fancy buttons. They have trim ing disposed in the form of bretelles, of which the ends are crossed in front and are fastened at the back of the waist in a tie with long ends. The sleeves are formed of three or more puffings, or of three rather deep frills placed one above another so as to have the appearance of triple sleeves. Some of our principal dressmakers are discarding the basque in barege dresses, and adopting full corsages, finished at the waist by.a ceniture of broad ribbon with long ends which flow over the front of the skirt. Other dresses of barege have corsages slightly open in front and in folds descending from the shoul ders to the point at the waist. The open edge of the corsage is finished by a trimming of guipure consisting of a narrow frill, or small ruche; and if the dress be of sombre hues, the trimming should be composed of black and white guipure intermingled. . Dresses of white muslin are now frequently worn in neglig6 evening and dinner costume, especially by very young ladies. The corsages of these dresses are low, and are variously orna— mented. They may be made with folds which descend from the shoulders to the waist, and which occasionally pass from the shoulders round the back in the form of a berthe. A white muslin dress may be made in a very pretty style by having the corsage ornamented with bouillonnes, and the short sleeves trimmed with frills and bows of ribbon - A ceniture of coloured ribbon, fastened in front of the waist with a bow with long ends, forms a graceful addition to the dress. Dresses of worked muslin usually have the skirts flounced; but when the dress is of plain muslin it is frequently made with a double skirt, both skirts being finished at the edge by a hem with coloured ribbon inserted. For very young ladies the skirts, are very often run in tucks. With dresses, such as those just described, bows and ends of coloured ribbon, or of ribbon and black velvet inter mingled, may be worn in the hair. The latest novelties received from Paris include some ex quisite pocket-handkerchiefs elaborately ornamented with needlework. One of these, called the Mouchoir Alma, has rounded corners, and is edged with a narrow V lencieinies lace set on plain. The needlework borders the h ~,,tkerchief to the depth of about three inches, and the design consists of warlike implements and trophies, as helmets, shi-I,ls, lances, flags, &c. In each of the four corners is a char er, completely caparisoned, and mounted by a warrior in arm air. The remaining part of the border surroundimx th• fi!_rn i s and de vices, and forming, as it were, a backgtoun 10 •n, covered with spots in needlework. On anothe .;k. , chief, honoured by the name of the Mouchoir Viet° , ,%t• find a miniature flotilla, pictured in needlework; - - - escutcheons, on each of which is figured 0 Some of the newest handkerchiefs intended i.r6 cos. tume, are trimmed with light, narrow frills, se. by Va lenciennes or needlework insertion. Others are ,i•mnented with patterns in colours, and for these, brown is the most fashionable tint. ii S [JI.IS 1' :4 0,:1 k i ~4';ree since the 01, ''l44t,i4oth reader it Sir kloqiilk 1 n'terntrelxiiaeattitewtrfr:oars,ol:pliS . ,lik,s.s,4;.ls4titilisirii. blorie ieo,i 11,i4 i_!, hydroclosl '/iitr lity of 0%'.0 ,1 (r S A ieb has c'llh Otilil equire 0 , :,, tiktkit ordieed Or c, L, i. occupiesji, - kzz convert ft, 40t, yesewda.firsh, ~ hit o'w ‘44 torl irl t/16 IP , tit e ,00 v ia the a p 11 rill I:°_,..elfs till Ilitj. formatieue ,1. N A, \ I N fell! \ l'N'tCrl'4, 4i iy 0 44,110 , 041' I\4l/444: fiat I‘l4 /104 "t°4ll S' , l AL 311,19. _i ~ qntll (s)potte'olii,car ol‘k, 't 190 b f 4 ? ia, N 414 0 Oil 11 0 011 y ' 1 % P i , F lor a. ;1 k%t44i chtful. -",,, cool ,b ,ko u t I woo . 1 ck. ^4 if Slifilirig p 0 , ilfil : .t l'°l tes'A 4lt eS OP°lldraq $r arta of fr , to ‘ap )1 ' e til, oili ‘t 1:ottoi A 1 4 4 , 11008;11i. NI ng to be ( , , , ,it 'Y i. Iv, got soceppfleliiii ge, wee, petJ .it frieoLl, „,p ri. ' , a ti ki sort! of fifr ,Il . 11. li' t 1 k. 41 Fdogitti of t he . 1 n ot C1r00t4,74' )tiilM , tlle Kcr,i ope Pl'orev V rt; tl ~ ,,p , hiA oco subi .. , ,i,e ,e t er, go` , 004 littoni a4/4 ell tltt ulf Afterre al .., ki e t deslD° t O l pi o Itt , _„: e r kTR requirv- ao;e0 d yoll t' ' 4 q 4l , —L'/0 'I i'lkliAt't il, , 4