The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-10-09 00:00:00

TUESDAY MORNING, 007'. 9, 1838. 133' The Publication of the STANDARD commenced this morning at 5 o'clock. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.-Our foreign intelligence, during the past week, has been of a very meagre cha racter. From France we hear nothing of any impor tance. Several fresh arrests had taken place ; but these may be looked for weekly, as long as that coun try is blessed with such a liberal monarch as Louis Philippe. From Spain the news is equally scanty. The belligerent parties continue to march and coun termarch, but both seem afraid of coming to any de cisive engagement. The letters from Madrid give evidence of the insecure tenure on which the throne is held by its present temporary occupants. The affairs of young Buonaparte seem to have been settled by his voluntary retirement from Switzerland. The threatened war is, therefore, averted. Advices from Odessa, to the sth ultimo, state that the Circassians were greatly elated by an advantage which they had lately gained over a detachment of Russian troops es corting 50 pieces of artillery and ammunition for the army of the Black Sea. Captain Miltine, the com mander of the detachment, left 250 of his men on tile field, with the whole of the artillery and ammunition, and effected his escape to Anapa with only 100 men. The Circassian:, it appears, had shortly afterwards di rected an attack against the Russian lines of Sounja and Kuban, and threatened to invade Georgia. Gen. Crabbe had concentrated all his forces in order to op pose their march, and had called to his aid the corps of General Rajewski, which was detached along the Araies. The success which has so uniformly attended the struggle of the Circassians for the independence of their country plainly shows that Russia is not so Powerful as she has been described. It is evidently the policy of England to aid the Circassians in resist ing the Autocrat. THE MEXICAN BLOCKADE.—A Mexican correspon dent of the Temps, a Paris journal, furnishes that Paper with a calculation of the losses sustained by the Mexican, French, North American, British, and European merchants, by the blockade of the Coast of Mexico during the last three months. In this space 3 4 merchant ships have been driven away by the block ading squadron, out of which seven were French, six English, and eight American vessels. The vessels seized by the French ships from Mexico, three in number, are valued at 500,000 fr: per contra—two French vessels valued at the same sum have been sequestered by the Mexicans. The loss' in cus toms duties to the Mexican government is valued at 12,500,000 fr.; that of the muleteers and persons em- Ployed in the transport of merchandise, the ports, &c., at 5,000,000 fr. French merchants in Mexico are c alculated to have lost 1,500,000 fr ; ditto workmen, 50 0,000 fr; English merchants, 3,600,000 fr; Ger man ditto, 2,000,000 fr; American ditto, 3,500,000 fr. Total loss for Mexico, 18,000,000 fr ; total loss for French and European merchants in Mexico, 1 1,600,000 fr. To this should be added the loss of mercantile houses in Europe, the loss of private in dividuals, the expenses of the blockade, &c. This is pretty well for a beginning; but if the absurd policy of France in thus interrupting the trade of Mexico is Persisted in much longer, the losses will far exceed the above calculation. In addition to the losses enumerated above we may refer to those which have been consequent upon the blockade of the Southern States of America. It is really high time that Eng land should possess a government alive o the com mercial interests of the country, and prepared to resist such an unwarrantable interference with its trade as that which has been recently exercised by Prance. M E WEST INDIES.—We offer no apology for our Prolonged remarks upon the present condition of our West Indian colonies. The subject is one of general %%well as absorbing interest. Whether we look upon the commercial interests which are at stake, or upon the effect which the dis Position of the negroes to work must hare upon the comforts and enjoyments of the whole population of Great Britain, we cannot but be impressed with the extreme importance of the subject. Most of the productions of the West Indian islands have become articles of necessary consumption in this kingdom, and it is, therefore, a consideration of the highest consequence whether we are to pay the same °r a much higher price for our sugar, coffee, &c., than heretofore. It is likewise a question of the greatest Moment whether mercantile enterprise is to meet with the same reward in future, when directed to the West Indian trade, as that with which it has been hitherto %soured. In fact it is difficult to estimate the ramified interests which are at stake in consequence of the Premature enfranchisement of the apprentices. Under these impressions we feel confident that all the infor uition which it may he in our power to give respect ing the present state of these colonies will be received with that degree of attention which the important na tare of the subject demands. These remarks are eli oited by the unreasonable complaints which have been shade by some of our readers against the prominent s pace which we hare recently allotted to our West In dian intelligence. It surely can be scarcely necessary to offer any serious apology for the ample discussion of a question whit'. so universally concerns our read er** as well as the braid' public in general. We now proceed "to furnish our readers with some ad ditional extracts from the late s t p a p ers w hi c h we !save received respecting the present condition of the West Indi es . W e f ee l ex t reme l y sorry t h at our in f°Nation is not of the most cheering character; but thi s is no more than we have constantly antici- P tr ed. When the abolition a g itato r s were bus y in g th emselves i n en d eavour i ng to procure t h e i mme di ate er minatiun of the apprenti ces hip s y s t em , w e urri ft°ll°lY warned the public o f the d angers w hi c h wou ld b e n inevitably i ncurre d b y resort i ng premature l y to 4 critical experiment. Our f ore b o di ngs were n o t unf ounded. Th e part i cu l ars f urn i s h e d i n our l ast most satisf actorily itnd demonstrate the truth of o u r c onjectu res the propriety of our warnings. The extracts l i ch We sh a ll now i ntro d uce a ff or d an additional cor roborationT o f our v i ews. T h e Jamai ca G azette o f t h e 20th ultirno contains t 0 • °flo wing remarks respecting tire course of agita . o f n Pursued by the emissaries of the abolitionists : d _ u The mail w hi c h h er M a j esty ' s steamer will this to y convey from our shore's contains ample evidence c onvince our f r i ends in Great Britain (if any are l left _ aYmpathise with the whites) of the deplorable chtion to which goiernment misrule has reduced this splendid colony. The wishes of the Alderman bury fanatics are about to be fully realised, for the ne groes 110 W repose i n a ll t h e ot i um cum di gn i tate of idle lib er t y on the proprietors' estates ; and, by the ' W anner in whi c h t h ey are devouring the produce and de vastating the land, they are in return for the grant of freedom fast bringing their benefactors to ruin. No Wages the landlord can afford to offer will satisfy their slothful minds, and the cattle are left to destroy their platlt4tiMis, and the coffee to drop unpicked from the trees, whilst the negro tutors, 1. e, stipendiary magis trates and Baptist preachers tell their pupils to make themselves easy, for no landholder has the power to eject them from his lawful estate ! Hear this, ye far mers and agricultural proprietors of Great Britain, and say what would be the consequence if thousands of idle squatters were allowed, even for three months, to occupy your houses and land without making the smallest return for the accommodation either in money or labour, whilst they plundered your produce and in• jured your crops, turned your hogs and donkeys into your corn and potato fields, and allowed cattle to feed unrestrained on your most valuable harvest! Yet such are the wrongs under which the planters of Ja maica now groan, whilst their sapient rulers take no measures to arrest the evil. God only knows what is to be the result of the iniquitous policy they are pur suing; but we much need an O'Connell in the Eng lish Parliament to proclaim with a voice of thunder, " Justice ! Justice ! for the oppressed, persecuted, and cruelly calumniattd free born men of Jamaica 1" In another part of the same journal we find the following remarks, bearing especially upon the very injudicious advice given to the Negroes by the Governor of Jamaica : " It is our painful duty to solicit the attention of our British readers, and brother journalists, on the other side the Atlantic, to the deplorable state of this colony, and to the frightful results of unconditional freedom to a population who have not yet been taught any proper obedience or respect for the law. "The whole system of agricultural industry through. out the Island is at this moment entirely disorganized, and out of joint. The planters and proprietors look with dismay at the disorder and devastation spreading rapidly around them. The sight of their blasted crops and ravaged cane.fields fill them with regret and indignation when they contemplate the ungrateful re turn they have received for giving up to an intriguing government a third of their claim to compensation. "But this paralysis of industry is not the worst fea ture of our case, for idleness is not unattended with the usual concomitants, turbulences and tumult.— Hordes of vagrants now traverse the country in num bers alarming to behold, and in some parishes, espe cially the districts of St. James and Trelaw•ny, armed bodies, headed by the Baptist agitators, openly give vent to threats as fearful as they are seditious, but without any interference on the part of the exe cutive, to preserve peace or good order. Indeed the Governor, it would seem, is leagued with the parties who are doing their utmost to consummate the ruin of the planters; for he has turned his back upon all the respectable gentry and proprietors of the island, and has called to his counsels such arch-agitators as Bap tist Parsons Knibb, Taylor, Phillipps, and other feck less and ignorant demagogues, who are urging the people to stand out for exorbitant wages. " His Excellency has advised all the women to stay at home, and breed children, and not to trouble themselves about field labour; and has also virtually disarmed the militia, disbanded the Maroons, and offered no protec tion to the landed proprietors; and they, the injured free-born men of Jamaica have nothing but God's provi dence, and their own fortitude to rely on to surmount the evils by which they are beset. If any of our readers doubt that such a state of things could be suf fered to exist, let him turn to the columns of the Ja maica journals for authentic reports of Sir Lionel's speeches, proclamations, and proceedings. He has assuredly been bitten by the Rattlesnake, and is seized with a rage to precipitate the downfall of the country. But if he has been instructed from the Colonial office to countenance sedition-mongers, he must hold the mi nisters responsible. "The Attorney-General, we are assured, has not been consulted—nay, further, we - know that he has expressed himself to the effect, that part of Sir Lio nel's advice to the negroes is illegal. Indeed, no man versed in the laws of the country, and bound to pre serve them, could have presumed, under fear of im peachment, to transgress by his orders the most im portant law of the realm.—lt is the first duty of all governments to protect property and life, and this has been utterly neglected at the most critical crisis Ja maica perhaps ever experienced. The peace and pro perty of the resident proprietors have been placed at the mercy of the mob, whilst fanatic preachers are consulted and countenanced, instead of receiving that punishment which their disgraceful deeds deserve. " We trust every conservative writer in Great Bri tain will lift his pen, as in charity bound, against the system of rnispolicy, which, at this moment, jeopar dizes every particle of lawful property within the Bri tish West Indies." Our colonial contemporary may rest assured that our humble efforts shall not be wanting to procure "justice to the planters," whose interests have been so wantonly sacrificed by the clique of dissenting agi tators, who have exercised so malignant an influence over our colonial policy. We shall continue narrowly to watch the movements of these parties in Great Bri tain, and to expose their selfish machinations against those individuals to whom the negro population of the West Indies owe their final emancipation. As an elucidation of the advantages enjoyed by the negroes under the apprenticeship system, we quote the following : "A negro, upon being questioned by his excellency, confessed that he considered the house and ground he occupied worth £3 per month, or £36 per annum ; and yet the agitators object to their working two days in the week as rent to the landlord, and who is willing to pay as many more days labour in money wages as the negro will bargain to perform. But their friends, the knavish Priests and Stipendiaries, wish them to live scot and lot free, (without working at all,) at the master's expence for three months to come—by which time the love of squatting will be confirmed, and the difficulty of ejection, without serious riot, augmented. "Landlords of Great Britain! What would you say to such violent invasions of your lawful property and rights ?" What a contrast does this statement present to the condition of the labouring population of Great Bri tain! How utterly unfounded have been the repre sentations of the abolitionists respecting the degraded and impoverished state of the negro ! With respect to the prospects of the present years' crop we have the following important paragraph from the same journal : "We have seen a Gentleman just arrived from the country, who states that the fields are brown with the Coffee, and that the berries are all falling off; the grass as high as the fall plants of young canes, and the stock scattering through the fields. He has ridden upwards of 200 miles, and he says that over all the parishes he rode through, they do not average twenty hands upon each property at work. He rode through St. Andrew's, St. George's, Portland, St. Thomas in the East, and St. David's, on his way back to Kings ton. On Golden Vale, in Portland, 40 men had turned out, and not one woman, though there were 300 to 40Q negroes formerly." As the island of Jamaica is the most important of the West Indian colonies, we do not hesitate to give some further extracts illustrative of the working of the system of " free labour," as far as we have any data to guide us in forming an opinion on the subject. From the parish of St. Thomas in the East we have the following information to the 21st of August : "Sllt,—l have week after week perused in your paper the sad accounts given from .all parts of the Island, of the determined refusal on the part of the late apprentices, to carry on the cultivation of the soil, for wages, even the most extravagant. " Week after week, have my eyes travelled over your pages, but in vain, in the hope of meeting with something in the shape of a proposal, to remedy the dreadful evil now hourly threatening ruin to the agri cultural, and with that every other interest of this beautiful Island. Every pen seems solely occupied with the sorrowful task of detailing the disappointed expectations, and evident ruin of their properties — the base ingratitude of the labourers—the infamous conduct of some of the late Stipendiary Magistrates, and the strange and unaccountable vagaries of Sir Lionel Smith. "Knibb, Lewin, &c., are going on famously at the west end, and Kingdon is doing his utmost in the same way in the east. Be it remembered that in these two districts the last rebellion commenced, and showed its worst features—that was designated the Baptist war ! The same demons are still at work. There is every prospect of our soon having another. Will it end with no greater loss than the last ? Let those whose duty it is to provide for the peace and welfare of Jamaica look to the result. Militia general orders cannot s aside the law of the land, much less can they prevent me from defending my life or property when either is attacked. " It will no doubt be highly gratifying to our be loved Queen to learn that her representative in this the once brightest jewel in the British crown is enjoy ing himself by feasting with the lately emancipated labourers, who, instead of entertaining him, ought to be cultivating their late masters' properties. Verily, we live in strange times." From the parish of Clarendon an intelligent corre spondent of the Jamaica Gazette writes thus on the 22(1 of August : " Presuming that at this momentous period of anx iety and uncertainty 'any information you may receive from this remote quarter respecting the working of our newly-made freemen will not be altogether unaccepta ble to yourself and readers, I send you the following for insertion, if you deem it worthy of a place in your columns : " From the Ist of August to date no field labour has been performed, neither can I learn that our field labourers have any intention of resuming their la bours, at least for some time to come.—Yesterday I enquired of some of those with whom I am concerned, if they were not thinking of going to work. Their reply was, " that they were waiting for the arrival of the Packet to hear what the Queen has to say to it." They are positively under the delusion that the Queen will send instructions to the Governor to fix a high standard of wages, and to grant them a further privi lege of keeping possession of their houses and grounds for a lengthened period without their making the slightest remuneration either in labour or money. On most properties there are none; some are looking, or pretending to be looking after the stock, but generally speaking, this has not been the case since the Ist of August; and those in many instances, who have en gaged themselves to look after them are so careless, and if spoken to, so impertinent, that we might almost as well be without them. If I get two-thirds of my cattle penned at night I think myself fortunate; the remainder are left out to ramble about, break down our fences, and trespass. Should this state of things continue much longer, the whole of our temporary fences for the protection of our canes will be broken down, and the canes left entirely unprotected from the cattle, to be trampled down and otherwise destroyed. Many properties have already, from trespass, suffered serious loss.—Our negro market near Chapelton, was on S..turday last so glutted with provisions, that large quantities were carried back unsold. Corn was selling at ss. per bushel." From the parish of St. Andrew's we learn that the negroes, with very few exceptions, were not working at the date of the last advices, notwithstanding liberal wages having been offered by the proprietors. We shall conclude our present article with the fol lowing extract from the Tobago Gazelle of the 13th ultimo, which is couched in scarcely more favourable terms : " Up to the latest hour of our paper going to press, the accounts from the country as to the disinclination of the labourers to turn out to work, are much the same as we have given last week. Early this morning parties of them were seen passing through town in various directions, accompanied by their chil dren, and carrying along with them their ground pro visions, stock, &c., indicating a change of location. Whilst on many estates where peremptory demands have been made that work he resumed, or the labourer should leave the estate, downright refusal to do either the one or the other has been the reply; and that re ply has been accompanied by threat and menace of personal violence against any attempts to turn them out of their houses and grounds. In the transition of the labourers from a state of bondage to freedom, much that in their manners and deportment would have brought them summarily under the coercion of the sti pendiary magistrate, formerly, may now be practised with impunity ; and the Lear is lest that nice discrimi nation betwixt restraints just terminated and rights newly acquired, will not be beclouded for some time, even in the minds of the authorities before whom la bourers are likely to be brought for their transgres sions. Thus, although it may appear like an alarm ing confederacy, the system of sending delegates, or head men, around the estates, which the labourers have adopted, as advisers, or agents, to promote ge neral unanimity ; it must be borne in mind that this is perfectly justifiable; and it is only where actual violence has been threatened by those delegates against those who choose to work at under wages, that the authorities can merely assure them of their pro tection from violence. " A feeling of sturdy independence, bordering, in many cases, on downright insubordination in the ser vant to the master, and accompanied by threats of re sistance against having his house or grounds taken from him, although disinclined to labour; has occa sioned considerable ferment on several estates. The ostensible objection made by the labourers is the amount of wages-Bd. per diem—as being, they con tend, a vast deal little too much' for the first class labourers. They generally profess their willingness to work ; but state that they will have higher wages, before fixing on which they insist on having some more time to blow;' or, in other words, waiting be fore entering on work to see whataugmentation of wages has been gained by any of the gangs in the Island. To any individual who has resided fora length of time in Europe, in any district of country where there are public works or factories, it must appear singular to observe the systematic associating of the negro la bours in a kind of unions, having communication with the most distant parts of the Island ; and in having their delegates, or travelling agents, by whose dicta tion they are altogether swayed, and on whose sanc tion or negation, a whole community of estates' la bourers turn out to labour, or give themselves to sheer idleness, and retire to lounge about their huts; with a unanimity of mind as if the body were regulated by one heart an i soul. It must also appear very striking in a people who cannot be possibly contaminated by a knowledge of the outbreaks, " strikes," " nobbings," and other illegal practices of the more demoralized of English workmen, how far, in a number of instances which have been met with on estates of this Island since the first of August, the conduct of the illiterate labourers gives premonition of farther approach to even the desperate vindictiveness of their more intel ligent transatlantic fellows in toil. " We have heard of some gentlemen, who, from the best of motives, personally addressed the labourers on the hurtful consequences to themselves of persisting in indolence, and endeavoured to disabuse their minds of that delusion, their right to work or remove at plea sure ; who received the most audacious insolence, ac companied by personal menaces. It requires no ordi nary command of temper to withstand more from one's servant than one could withstand from an equal, or even a superior ; but beyond patient endurance for a time, until the prevailing sophistry evaporates, it would be unwise to use any propitiatory step com mensurate with their fitful demands ; such as remov ing a manager or overseer to whom they may have taken a dislike : the probability being that the causes of that dislike arose frctn the manager having too rigid an eye to the interests of the estate to wink at their mal-practices: What would be the consequence ? Managers and others in order to secure their tenures might be led to tamper with interests not their own : besides, that once gratify these preludices against in dividuals, and every after concession would be found a demand more and more extravagant." We shall await the next arrivals from the West Indies with much anxiety —a • feeling amply justified by the accounts which we have already given. LAY ASSOCIATION FOR THE DEFENCE OF THE CHURCH.—We understand that there exists a society, under a title analogous to the above, in the metropolis, the object of which is, to concentrate the energies of the Christian public in defence of • our Protestant Established Church. The necessity for such an as sociation has been long felt. Many opportunities for resisting with effect the machinations of the enemies of our national Zion have been neglected, owing to the want of some such rallying point. The isolated efforts of the clergy, as well as of some conspicuous lay members of the Church, have been long directed to this praiseworthy object. But such exertions must necessarily be circumscribed in their effects; while, at the same time, the hosts arrayed against the Church have been acting in the strictest concert. To counter act such efforts on the part of those who are labouring and panting for the destruction of our Protestant Establishment, a few laymen, chiefly consisting of members of the House of Commons, determined upon the formation of a society for the defence of the Church. Already have their efforts been signally useful. We believe that the successful resistance to the Whig Radical measure for the abolition of the Church Rates has been chiefly owing to the strenuous interference of this excellent association. Its attention has been also more recently directed to the liberal scheme for unchristianising the country, by the adop tion of a " no-religion" and anti-scriptural system of education. We have no doubt that its labours in this department also will be attended with signal suc cess. Our object in thus alluding to this most useful and powerful ally of the Chinch is, to enquire why an auxiliary association has not been formed in Liver pool. We hear that Dr. Tattershall, in a sermon de livered by him on Sunday evening, at St. Augustine's Church, strongly urged the necessity for the establish ment of a branch of this society in Liverpool, We. fully coincide in his views on this subject, and sincerely trust that a most powerful auxiliary to the " Lay Asso ciation" will speedily be formed in this opulent and eminently Protestant town. THE REGISTRATION S . —W e rejoice to find, from the reports contained in the various metropolitan and provincial newspapers, that the registrations for the present year afford multiplied proofs of the rapid and steady and progressive growth of conservatism. In the counties of England and Wales, as far as the re vision has taken place, the results have been not only satisfactory but absolutely triumphant, Nor has the issue been less consolatory to our hopes as respects the boroughs. We may now safely predict that, when ever another election takes place, the counties, cities, and boroughs of England will return a preponderating majority to the House of Commons sufficiently large to neutralise the perjured Popish tail of O'Connell. The registration of last year afforded a large accession of numbers to the conservative cause. That of this year will still further augment the number of voters who are attached to the " Constitution in Church and State": and, independently of this, we may also con fidently rest our hopes upon the silent, but certain progress of conservative reaction. THE MUNICIPAL ELECTION.—The first of November is rapidly approaching. In little more than three short weeks we shall again witness a struggle for the as cendancy in the Town Council. Are our conservative friends fully prepared for this struggle ? Have they candidates in readiness for each of the wards ? Have they commenced an active and persevering canvas on behalf of the gentlemen whom they intend to nominate as their representatives in the Town Council ? We ask these questions because we have been informed that some difficulty has been experienced in a few of the wards in fixing upon suitable candidates. We hope our information has been incorrect, and sincerely trust that the contest wil be carried on most vigorously in every ward in the town. Under the very advanta geous aspect of affairs, which now presents itself before the conservatives, we must really be allowed to disbe lieve the reports which have reached us respecting the apathy manifested in a few of the wards. The pros pects of the conservatives were never more flattering than they are at the present moment, and it will be, indeed, a crying shame—a lasting reproach—a scanda lous dereliction of duty—if the professed conservatives of the town allow such a " golden opportunity" to es cape them. The conduct of the liberal members of the Town Council ma the subject of the Dock Trust— the so-called public con:.racts—the granting of publi can's licences—the warehouse question, &c., has been such as to produce a feeling of all but universal disgust and reprobation. The alienation of the ultra-radicals also from the temporising and expediency- consulting reformers of the clique who now "rule the roast" at the Town-hall is also another favourable symptom. Un der all these circumstances it must be surely a "weak invention of the enemy" that represents the conserva tives as "lagging behind" in the race for municipal ascendancy. We cannot believe it; especially when we behold the indefatigable exertions of the liberals — exertions prompted by the energy of despair! THE PROTESTANT ASSOCIATION.—AS might have been anticipated, the radical journals of this town have been lavish of their abuse upon the speakers who exposed the dangers and denounced the errors of Popery at the late meeting of the Protestant Association. We say, - "as might have been anticipated," because it is a well known fact that Popish writers are connected with most of the radical journals of the present day. It is scarcely neccessary for us to inform our readers that most of the parliamentary reporters are Irish Papists. It is equally notorious that many, if not most, of the editors and reporters of the liberal provincial press are in the service of the Romish priests. From such writers, therefore, we may naturally expect to find the proceedings of Thursday last ridiculed, and the clergymen who spoke abused and lampooned in the customary style of the disciples of the filthy Peter Dens. While the press of England con tinues to be partially influenced and controlled by wily jesuits, this style of animadversion may de looked for. We cannot say, therefore, that we are surprised at the ribaldry of the Mercury, the blackguardism of the Chronicle, the ma lignant rage of the Journal,—the especial organ of the Papists in this town—and the pointless sarcasms of the dissenting Albion. The whole of those liberal prints have aimed their venomous shafts at the reverend gentlemen who so triumphantly exposed, on Thursday last, the heresies, su perstitions, perjuries, and abominations of the Papal delu sion : but their poisoned arrows will only recoil upon them selves. Popery is now so universally acknowledged an evil that no portion of the press of England would be found ready to stand ferth in its defence were it not for the circumstance to which we have already alluded—the connection of Papists with the self-styled "liberal" journals. We shall bestow no attention, for the present, upon the at tacks of the Mercury, the Chronicle, or the Albion, on the sub ject of the Protestant Meeting at the Amphitheatre. The anilities of the first of these journals are too contemptible to merit a serious notice. The professed attachment of the se cond to the Protestant Church of England renders its attacks upon the able and consistent defenders of that church per fectly innocuous, inasmuch as the hypocrisy which that ser vile journal displays is too transparent to deceive the most simple among its very simple readers. The sneers of the dis senting Albion, again, are so nearly allied to infidelity, that it is needless for us to address any remarks upon them to those who believe in the Christian faith. With the Journal, however, the case is somewhat different. That paper is os_ tensibly the representative of the opinions of the Roman Ca tholics; and, to do it justice, we must say that it displays no inconsiderable ingenuity in its attempts "to make the worse appear the better cause." We are precluded, from want of space, from offering any extended remarks to-day upon the clever scurrility of the Journal. In our next we shall en deavour to render " justice" to this Popish odvocate. THE CHRONICLE.—We beg to direct the attention of Cur readers to the very able letter of our correspondent "H. W. H.," in which the misrepresentations of the Chron icle of Saturday last, are triumphantly exposed. We doubt whether the scribe of the Chronicle will venture to offer any reply to the stinging comments of "H. W. H." THE REVISION OF MUNICIPAL LIST OF VOTERS, Yesterday, his worship the Mayor and the two Assessors, Peter Wright and Thos. Harvey, Esqs., appointed to revise the Municipal list of voters, held their Court at the Sessions House for the Revision of the Municipal List. The Court opened at 10 o'clock. The objections against the voters of Everton and Kirk dale, St. Paul's, Scotland, Vauxhall, Exchange, and Castle street Wards, were then successively gone through for the first time, ending last night at five o'clock, with Castle street Ward, when the Court adjourned to 10 o'clock this morning. The objections against the voters in St. Peter's, Pitt-si reef, and Great George's Ward, will first be proceeded with, in rotation. We have to exhort the Conservatives to be on the alert, and in attendance to substantiate their rights of voting, if objected to. The whole list will be gone over again, when the names of those parties who do not substantiate their right to vote will be struck out of the list. THE LIVER THEATRE.—We have had the pleasure of agai❑ witnessing the astonishing performances of the "Great Magician of the North," whose powers of amusing seem ab solutely inexhaustible. The deceptions which he practises are managed with unrivalled cleverness. Several of them possess the rare charm of novelty, and all of them are calcu lated to astonish the audience. "THIS TOAST SHALL BE MINE.'—We have been much pleased both with the words and the music of this beautiful song. The poetry is from the pen of Mr. Stonehouse, whose contributions have so frequently enriched the pages of the Standard. The music is extremely appropriate, and full of melody. IRON STEAM-BOAT FOR LANCASTER.—The Lancaster and Liverpool Steam Navigation Company have contracted for the building of a first•elass iron steam vessel, to ply between Lancaster and Liverpool. It is expected to be completed in the spring of 1839. Mr. Laird, the eminent iron boat builder, of Birkenhead, is the contractor.—Kendal Mercury. THE REV. T. D. GREGG.—During the recent stay of the Rev. T. D. Gregg in this town, the Association of Protestant Operatives of Liverpool took the opportunity of presenting him with an address; and, as a small token of their estima tion of his services in the cause of Protestantism, and of his triumphant victory in argument, after a lengthened contro- versy with the priest Maguire, presented him with copies of the following works:—" Fox's Acts and Monuments ;" " Horne's Critical Introduction to the Study of the Scrip- tures," 5 vols.; " 111‘Ghee on the Atonement," 3 vols.; and " Luther's Works," 5 vols; each of which bore the following inscription, " Presented to the Rev. T. D. Gregg, A.M. ' by the Protestant Operatives of Liverpool, in testim o ny o f their admiration of his invaluable services in the cause of Pro testant Christianity, October 4th, 1838." THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.—A. statement having ap peared in the Albion that a bear had escaped from these gar dens on Sunday night, and severely injured one man, and that he was still at liberty; we are informed that many of the particulars are incorrect. It is true that Bruin, whilst his keeper's back was momentarily turned, contrived to make his escape, and found his way out of the gardens. An immediate pursuit was made, but it - being dark, it was given up till yes terday morning, when the inhabitant of the polar regions was discovered, and quietly led back to his domicile. AN EXEMPLARY HUSBAND.—Between ten and eleven o'clock on Wednesday night, a woman named - E. Jones, the wife of a seaman, fell into the Prince's dock basin in attempt ing, when in a state of intoxication, to follow her husband on board of his vessel. The loving spouse immediately, and with great vigour, set to work to rescue his better half from the risk of a watery grave, in which he was successful. The spirits of the excited lady having been subdued by her cold bath, she walked to her residence in Vauxhall-road wit Lout again stumbing in her path. The Duke of Sussex has been able to enjoy the sports of the field, as last Saturday he was down shooting rabbits in the beautiful park of Colonel Wildman, at Newstead Ab bey, in company with Lord John Churchill, Sir Hussey Vivian, and other visitors; where his Royal Highness shot from eleven to twelve couple of rabbits, and appeared as eager about the diversion as any of the party,—Morning Chronicle, CORRESPONDENCE. RADICAL CANT ON THE COOLY QUESTION TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIPERPOOL STANDARD, Sin,—When moving a resolution, which, at a meeting of the electors of Abercromby Ward, I had the honor of having confided to my feeble advocacy a few evenings ago, I took occasion to animadvert upon the calumnious treatment which Mr. R. Gladstone bad met with at the hands of the editors of a certain Radical publication in this town. I now per ceive, and indeed with somewhat of a feeling of pleasure, that an answer has been attempted in the Chronicle of Sa turday last ;—I say with a feeling of pleasure, because the alacrity which the writer of the article in question assumes, to repel so grave an accusation as that which has been made against him, betrays a symptom of respect for his character which I apprehend has not been very generally attri .buted to him, but which I must say, nevertheless, fills me with hope for the future; inasmuch as I think the day is not far distant, when the hitherto reckless, but talented, Editor of the Liverpool Chronicle will throw off the shackles of political prejudice, with a determination of honestly ad hering to the stern dictates of truth. Whilst,,however, I in dulge in such pleasant imaginings, permission must be af forded to me to state, that a more lame and impotent defence than that of our Radical friend, against the charge of false hood made upon the writers in the Chronicle, with reference to the Hill Cooly question, in my opinion could not by pos sibility be set up. How doss he meet the gravamen of our accusation? By putting cases entirely foreign to the subject, and then victoriously cowing, " Is that false ?" It may cer tainly be true that - Lord Glenelg and Mr. John Gladstone had had a correspondence upon the subject of Cooly immi gration to Demerara. It may be very true that Mr. Robert son Gladstone, a candidate for the representation of Aber cromby Ward, is the partner and the son of Mr John Glad stone. The statement may be correct that Mr. R. Gladstone had been deeply interested in Negro Labour, and that that gentleman had lately been an importer of Coolies.— It may have been the fact that parliament had interfered in the protection of these poor fellows whilst engaged in their religious rites; and it would have been impolitic not to have done so.—But the assertion is false that Mr.*G. had entered into the "Cooly traffick" for the purpose of introducing slavery under a worse form in the West Indies.—lt is false that Mr. Gladstone had imported Coolies for the purpose of intro ducing the horrors of paganism into our Christian colonies, — these be the false accusations that we men of Abercromby Ward indignantly repel, and scornfully throw back in the teeth of the incendiary utterers. The East India labourers are as free in Demerara as the Editor of the Chronicle is in Liverpool. The former have entered into a business engagement with Mr. Gladstone (made, by the way, at a time when just fears were enter tained that the repeal of the Apprenticeship Act might possi bly be accompanied with much insubordinate conduct on the part of the negro population,) to terminate at a given period: the latter has entered into a business engagement with the proprietors to " do the long heavies,"—and I 'presume there will be some termination to such arrangement. , Where then is the difference?—except, indeed, it be in the mental en slavement of our literary friend,—whereas the poor Cooly is both mentally and corporeally free. But the Cooly business has been made a tocsin ,to alarm the fears of the Methodist and religious community. I ap prehend that the agitation of this part of the subject by the Radicals, will be very likely to furnish us with a curious il lustration of an occurrence, wherein the unfortunate being rushes upon the fate which he has been endeavouring to avoid. if no other argument could be adduced than the one which this question would lead to, I am convinced— aye, in a religious point, of view, that it could be triumphantly maintained against the jesuitical sophistries of jealous. pated politicians. Why, what a reflection would it not be upon the labours of our Church of England and Methodist missionaries in the West Indies, were they to allow the growth of Paganism to flourish within their Christian com munity ! How delighted would all of the Radical prints in the country be, were they some fine day to hear that the Rev. Mr. Ktibb had been assisting. at the ceremony of burning a poor Cooly widow, and that a parson Smith had been undergoing a 'Juggernaut process! But, really, the idea of the horrid cruelties connected with Paganism, meeting with a prosperous reception in our western colonies, is so ridiculously, nay ludicrously absurd, that it would be a waste of time further to dilate upon it. The truth, Sir, is, that this Cooly question has been broached by a political party, to prejudice the just claim which an honourable member of one of the most illustrious mercantile houses in the world has put forth for the occu pancy of a seat in the Council of his native town. Misera ble, however, will be the failure of the canting crew; and that, please God, will be seen on the Ist of November. It may be imputed to myself, that I am a creature of Mr. Gladstone's, and that I have written accordingly. Such, however, I beg to inform my radical friends is not the case, never having had the honour to exchange a word with that gentleman upon any subject whatever. He is, in my opi nion, the person most likely to do honourable service to the good old town—it is therefore that I support him, however feebly, for Tros Tyriusve mibi nullo discrimine agetur ? Dear Sir, Yours, Myrtle-street Soutb, Oct. 8, 1838. H. W. H. THEATRE-ROYAL, LIVERPOOL. Mr. CHARLES KEAN, of the Theatre-Royal, Drury-lane, who is engaged for a Limited Number of Nights, will make his Seventh Appearance This Evening, in the character of " King Lear." Last alight but Three of Mr. COOPER, of the Theatre- Royal, Drury-lane. THIS present TUESDAY EVENING, the 9th instant, will be performed the Tragedy of KING LEAR. King Lear Mr. Charles Kean. Edgar Mr. Cooper. Duke of Albany Mr. W. H. Bland. Duke of Cornwall.... Mr G. Horncastle. Earl of Kent.... Mr. Baker. l Oswald _ Mr. Chaplin. Edmund, .. Mr. Gray. j Regan.. Miss Cleaver. Goneril Mrs. Baker. I Cordelia .... Miss Faucit. To conclude with the Melo-Drama called THE BLIND BOY. Kalig, Mr. Cooper, as originally performed by him at this Theatre; Edmund, (the Blind Boy,) Mrs. Tenet; Rodolph, Mr. W. H. Bland ; Oberto, Mr. Chaplin ; Molino, Mr. Baker; Elvina, Mrs. Baker. TO-MORROW, the Tragedy of HAMLET. Hamlet, Mr. Charles Kean; The Ghost, Mr. Cooper; Polonius, Mr. Baker ; Horatio, Mr. Gray; Laertes, Mr. W. Howard; Osrick. Mr. Chaplin; The Queen, Miss Cleaver; Ophelia, Miss Faucit.—To conclude with the Melo-Drama of THE MILLER AND HIS MEN. Lothair, Mr. Cooper, as originally performed by him at this Theatre; Grindoff, Mr. Gray ; Friberg, Mr. W. H. Bland ; Karl, Mr. Baker ; Claudine, Miss Grant; Ravina, Miss Cleaver. On THURSDAY, MACBETH, and THE BROKEN SWORD. On FRIDAY, a •ariety of Entertainments, for the BE NEFIT OF MR. COOPER, and the Last Night of his Engagement. On MONDAY next, the 15th instant, for the BENEFIT OF MR. KEAN, and his Last Nignt, the new Drama of THE LADY OF LYONS, in which Mr. Kean will sustain the character of Claude Melnotte. With other Entertain 'aunts. Ebt Etherpool *tanbarb. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STAND)IRD, Su -I,—May I request that you will have the goodness to insert this note in your next paper, for the purpose of cor recting a mistake arising from the accidental confusion of two documents in your report of my speech at the Amphi theatre, on Thursday. An extract from the encyclical letter of the Pope to the Primates and Archbishops, quoted in one part of my speech, was inserted by mistake for an extract from the letter of the Pope's Secretary to the Bishop of Malta, which I quoted from the parliamentary returns of the dispatches from the Colonial Secretary's office. I merely mention it to anticipate the cavils which might arise from those who are ready to catch at any error. It was natural enough that such a mistake might occur in the necessary hasty preparation of your report.--I have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant, R. J. 111‘GHEE. Liverpool, October 8, 1833. LATE IIOURS OF SIIOPMEN TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, Stu,—The late hours of shopmen is now becoming a topicof conversation not only among the shopmen, but the principals of those establishments. The employers, I believe, are as anxious for shortening the hours of duty, as the shopmen are solicitous for some little period of recreation after the toils of the day. It should be borne in mind that the employers will sustain no injury by a trifling reduction of the hours of duty, as all who are in the habit of dealing at any particular shop, will be well aware that they must purchase before a certain hour, or defer such purchase until the next day. Perhaps such an arrangement will be as useful to those who go to buy, as it will be beneficial to the' young men employed in th.i shops. When it is considered that we are incessantly employed from early in the morning till late at night, the consideration of the respectable portion of the shopkeepers ought surely to be directed to our case; and they may depend that a little remission of an hour or two from the toils of our duty, will never affect their interest; but, on the contrary, that it will tend to the mutual advantage of all who are concerned in so beneficial an arrangement. If we were to be allowed an hour or an hour and a half before the usual hour of closing, we might dedicate that small portion of our time to the im provement of our minds, or to the enjoyment of society, which, in moderation, certainly tends to the benefit of those who can avail themselves of it. We are, in fact, as great slaves as the people who work in factories, and it is high time that some resolutions should be adopted for the ameliora tion of our condition. lithe shopkeepers would only be una nimous, we might derive essential benefits therefrom, and the employers, instead of being the sufferers, would participate in the enjoyment of that indulgence which they extend to those in their employ. Hopiug that you will give insertion to these hastily written remarks, I aro, &c. A. SHOPAIAN THE THEATRE ROYAL. Mr, Charles Kean is still playing his round of characters at our theatre, with Mr. Cooper, as his second ; and with the aid of Shakspeare's sterling plays, they draw good houses. Having heard much of Mr. Kean's improvement, and there not being any one character in which he performs, which requires it so much, looking at the whole representation, as his Duke of Gloater, in ` ' 'Richard III," we visited the theatre last evening, hoping to see nature unfolded to us in her most impetuous, and wiliest workings. An actor may be said to have two objects in view; one, " to hold the mirror up to nature," to represent the workings of the human mind, and the dictates of the passions as they affect men, and are the rules of action in life ; the other, to please the not over thinking multitude that throngs the theatre. To do the former requires a man to possess mind, else would he in vain attempt to pourtray the workings of mind; he must also possess exciteable feelings, which at the command of a master-intellect shall be turned into such and such a " vein," so as to produce the effects, in manner, demeanour, and expression, which men naturally put on when possessed by such and such feelings. This, in our idea, is the business of an actor; and this process of thought and feeling carried out to natural perfection, is what in our notion constitutes a great actor. Nature has implanted in all men the tests of this quality. When a man wants to appear pathetic, and makes us laugh; nature tells us he is .not pathetic but ridiculous. When an actor wishes to insinuate a deep and plotting de sign, and so emphasizes his words that the plot is discovered at once, and the design is transparent; nature tells us that may be acting, but it is not acting like reality—that such would not he our emphatic discovery of all we meant to do. When a man wishes to appear the over-bearing tyrant, iin petuous, unrestrainable, and self-willed, and instead of the feeling of implicit yielding to his aathority, add the cowing of the spirit, he but excites our pity that a man should be so besides himself, and a wonder whether he is raving in the fever of madness dr not; nature tells us such a tyrant is not much to be feared, but is, indeed, a very harmless person. The tests, therefore, of the true qualities of acting—as repre senting human nature as displayed in the actions of men, are planted by nature in us, and if we take the trouble to attend to them we cannot be mistaken; for when once the keys of any passion are touched, the chord is immedi ately struck within ourselves, and sympathetic music fills us. To please the unthinking multitude requires only to excite attention, surprise, wonder, admiration, emotion ; all which feelings may be aroused by what we will take leave not to call acting as we have above explained it; but are feelings capable of being completely drawn forth by an elephant walking across a stage, a man jumping over six horses and through a hoop, a merry Andrew turning thirty somersets off the saw-dust, or a lad balancing himself on his head on the top of a pole. All these thing.s will please and astonish the multitude—will be rewarded with tremendous applause; hut we do not call this acting. And though fashion, eas tern, or the applause of the multitude may dictate that the soliloquies in " Hamlet" should be pronounced by an actor balanced on his crown and with his feet in the air, and the applause be proportioned to the cleverness of the feat, yet so long as nature does not dictate• to men, whenever they are in moody melancholy, animated by revenge, or fired by passion, to knock their heels in the air and to ba lance themselves on their crowns, we take leave to say that, however cleverly the feat may be performed, and however great the applause which follows, that this would not be acting, it would be playing the mountebank. On this plain ground then, do we at once say, that one half of Charles Kean's Richard the 111. is playing the mountebank; it is ab surd to call it acting. No man in his senses—who was not a fit inmate for Bedlam, ever believed when "enterprises of great pith and moment," were undertaken by him as Charles Kean made the wily and ambitious and tyrannical Richard appear to act last night. The greater part of the latter scenes was worse than " tearing a passion to tatters :" it was down right impotent raving. Was Richard an impotent raver? He was the very opposite. Then how absurd to represent him as such. Bonaparte was right when he said there was but " one'remove from the sublime to the ridiculous." Mr. Kean, not satisfied with reaching that summit (which he can) which would be sublime, takes a step over it, and tumbles down the declivity of absurdity. In one or two points his acting was beautiful. When soliloquizing while Tyrell was murdering the children in the Tower, his speech was as na ture dictates; yet the multitude did not applaud; and for the sake of this applause Mr. Kean will spoil his acting, strain after effect, and get his reward—the clapping of hands of a multitude who think it extraordinarily clever to rave in such a way as would burst the blood vessels of most men. We hope, however, to see him mend of this, and build his fame on a sure hundation ; the applause of thinking men may not be so loud, but it is worth the roars of millions, who always eventually follow as they lead. Coopers acting as the Duke of Buckingham, was very clever, and Mr. Fl(?w -ard's Earl of Richmond was as deficient. To-night " King .bear" is to be brought out, CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORELAND WRESTLING SOCIETY. - This meeting took place on Wednesday last, on the Bowl ing Green of Mr. Edwards, High Park Coffee-house, when the following prizes were awarded to the successful com petitors. FOR LIGHT WEIGHTS. Ist Prize, a Silver Watch, value £7 0, to Thomas Edgar,- of Durdar, Cumberland. 2d Prize, a Ditto, value £4 0, to W. Smith, of Egremont, Ditto 3d Prize, a Snuff-box, value £2 10, to Jos. Pipe, of Whilli moo, Ditto. 4th Prize, a Watch guard, value £1 0, to Edward Edgar, of Durdar, Ditto. FOR HEAVY WEIGHTS. Ist Prize, a Silver Watch, value a 0, to James Haigh, o - Cumberland. 2d Prize,' a Ditto, value £4 4, to John Atkinson, of Orton. Westmoreland. 3d Prize, a Snuff-box, value £3, to Thomas Edgar, of High Hesketh, Cumberland. 4th Prize, a Watch-guard, value £1 5, to Samuel Armstrong, of Egremont, Ditto. The day being fine the mee.ting was attended by a numerous and most respectable company, who were highly delighted with this display of manly sport, which has never yet been equalled near th►s town, and was declared, by those most competent to give an opinion, that it could not be excelled even in Carlisle, where the first rate and most scientific men are brought forward, and patronised by the leading gentry of the county. We cannot help noticing the scientific play made between Thomas Edgar, of Durdar, and Samuel Arm strong, of Egremont. This was one of the most arduous con tests we ever witnessed, and was eventually won by Hagar. We may also state that J. Robinson, of Renwick, and John Atkinson, of Orton, had a most gallant struggle, the latter throwing Robinson in grand style. Of Atkinson we may say that he met several of the best men, which so exhausted him that we were not surprised at Jas. Haigh throwing him, and so winning the head prize, the winner being a strong active man, and throwing his men cleverly. After the sports of the day, about fifty gentlemen sat down to a dinner, provided by Mr. Coward in a sumptuous manner, who is deserving of the greatest praise for his hospitality and great exertions made during the day for the comfort of his numerous visitors.— Correspondent. THE STEAM SHIP LIVERPOOL. This magnificent steamer was hauled out of dock into the river on Thursday last, and has been lying in the stream ever since. As her outfit, in respect to interior accommodation, was not near complete, she would not have hauled out so soon had it not been that the great height of the water on that day allowed her to get through the gut without removing her pad dle-boxes, which, from her great width, she would have had to do, if she had gone out at a lower tide. The Liverpool was built by Messrs. Humble and Milcrest, of this town, for Sir - John Tobin, from whom, as we observed in our last, she has been recently purchased by the Transat lantic Steam Navigation Company, for the purpose of plying on the station between this port and New York. Her bur den is 1148 tons, out of which she has stowage for 700 tons of goods. She can, besides, carry in her bunkers upwards of 450 tons of coals. Her length is two hundred and thirty three feet, breadth of beam fifty-sit feet, and depth of hold twenty one feet. She is fitted with two engines of 450-horse power. The diameter of her cylinders is 75 inches, length of stroke 7 feet, and diameter of paddle-wheels 29 feet. She has two distinct sets of boilers, which will enable the engineers to re gulate the steam in a superior manner, and to keep up a proper supply, should any of the boilers get out of order, or require examination. The engines of the Liverpool, we are informed, are the largest and most powerful that have ever yet been completed. They were manufactured by Messrs. Forrester and Co., at the Vauxhall Foundry, under the su perintendence of Mr. Campbell, the conductor of the works at that establishment. The interior fittings of the vessel are in a state of great forwardness, as no less than from two hundred and fifty to two hundred and seventy workmen have been employed on board during the whole of the last week. It is expected that she will be fully equipped for sea by Friday next. Her after cabin is a long and pleasant apartment, sufficiently lofty, and lighted from above by three skylights, of handsome de sign, which add greatly to the beautiful appearance of the room. The decorations, which are being executed by Mr. W. H, Goore, whose skill as an ornamental painter is well known, will, when completed, be tasteful and elegant. From each side of the cabin diverge the state rooms, which contain berths for fifty passengers. The doors of entrance to the state-rooms are painted in imitation of satinwood, with ele gapt panel work below, and, on the upper half, an oval insertion of Venetian rods e fgr the admission of air and light. On each side of the doors and in the compartments between them are elegant pillasters, painted in imitation of porce lain, surmounted with rich fancy capitals of white and gold. The ceiling is of uncommonly chaste and elegant worman ship, its appearance being in keeping with the rest of the decorations. The state rooms are painted pink and white, and the hangings of the berths are of white, striped with gold. The panels between the pillasters are exceedingly light and elegant, presenting an ornamental scroll of gold, on a ground of light green. A massive sideboard, sumounted by a mirror, will be placed between the cabin doors. Oppo site to this, in front of the rudder-case, a clock will be erected, of superb workmanship, surrounded with a gold orna ment ofunique design. The cabin is to contain three tables; one, a long dining table, and two others for miscellaneous On each side of these will be ranged ottomans and sofas. The'whole of the cabin furniture will be such as to conduce as much as possible to the convenience and comfort of the passengers. _ _ _ To the left of the cabin stairs is the ladies' state room, a neat apartment, containing an appropriate number of berths. The stewards' pantry, which is on the right of the cabin stairs, will be an object of attraction to many . when the out fit is complete. It is furnished with every requisite for luxury in a small compass. It contains a wine-cooling room, in which ninety dozens of wine can be placed. We may men tion, that there is on deck a copper ice -house, for the preser vation of the material for cooling the wine. The rotf of the pantry contains compartments - for three hundred and sixty live wine glasses, and, on all sides, there are recesses, lockers, &c., for decanters, tumblers, and other necessaries. Beneath the pantry is a room in which the steward is to stow his pre served meat and other articles of luxury; and, below that, is the wine cellar, in which 30(1 dozen of wine, besides por ter can be stored. Under the cabin is a spacious apartment for passengers' luggage. At the bottom of the cabin stairs a trap-door leads down a flight of steps to a range of warm, cold, and shower baths. The fore cabin contains 48 berths, with several spacious state rooms, opening into each other for the convenience of families. The decorations of this cabin, are similar to those of the after cabin, and the conveniences are of precisely the same description. Above it, on the deck, is the cigar divan and bar at which the geßtlemen may lounge, sip champagne, coffee, or lemonade, and smoke their cigars,. as the latter is not to be permitted in the cabins. In fact, as the mate said to us, " Here will be everything that can be wanted or that could be procured ashore." It will be a complete floating hotel, of the best description. On the deck, behind the chimney, is a shippon with two stalls for the cows, which will supply passengers with milk ; and near the bows are boxes for sheep, pigs, &c , from which a supply of fresh meat will be continually obtained. The cooking apparatus is extensive, and is fitted up on the best principle. The stays, shrouds, and all the rigging that is fixed, or not intended to be moveable, is of a new material. It is formed of wire rods bound together with thrums. It has the advantage of possessing great strength and of not offering any great resistance to the air. The Liverpool will, on Friday, proceed to Dublin with a select party, on an experimental trip. On Saturday, the 20th, she will proceed on her first voyage to New York.— Albion. ROCHDALE CONSERVATIVE DINNER. The Rochdale Conservative festival was held at Mr. Batty's Circus on Wednesday evening. The erection of the tempo rary building was opportune, and the Conservatives of Roch dale wisely took advantage of it. The Circus was capable of holding about,tive hundred comfortably. Eight tables were ranged along the booth, affording sufficient accommo dation for about four hundred persons, and every place was filled. The spirited and indefatigable constitutionalists of Rochdale left nothing undone which could contribute to the hilarity and success of such a meeting. The Circus was de corated with evergreens, and " true blue" exhibited itself in every direction which the eye traversed. Over the head of the chairman was suspended a magnificent banner, presented by the ladies of Rochdale to the Operative Conservative As sociation. The material of this beautiful pennon was silk, skilfully Ornamented with the Crown and the Bible, and hav ing the inscription, " For God and our Country." Around the apartment hung numberless other flags, bearing appro priate patriotic mottoes, amongst which we observed, " Long live the Queen," " The Queen, the Lords, and the Com mons," " Victoria! Hail! Star of Brunswick," " No Whig Promises," " Peel, oar Countryman and Friend," " Hand in hand, we are true Friends," " Ships, Colonies, and Com. !tierce," "As the Castle, we are strong," &c., &c. At either end of the room floated the Union Jack, and the Conserva tive colours were placed in the mostconspicuous places. The dinner, which was supplied by Mr. Joseph Smith, of the Angel Inn, was excellently served, and comprised the usual old English dishes. About 400 Conservatives sat down. The chair was taken at five o'clock by John Roby, Esq., who was supported on his right by Captain Ramsey, the late candidate for Rochdale, who was unsuccessful by a very small majority, Albert Hudson Royds, Esq., —. Fenton, Esq., and John Roby, jun., Esq.; and on the left by Captain Butter worth, —. Ramsey, Esq., —. Blakeley, Esq., —. Healey, Esq., and Mr. Holden, The vice-presidents were Mr. Phelps, and Messrs. Robert Barrett, John Ashworth, and Samuel Brierley. The galleries were filled with elegantly dressed ladies, who appeared to take a deep interest in the scene. Belton Chrort icle. GLASGOW, PAISLEY, AND AYR RAILWAY. It will be seen from the half-yearly report of this railway (published in our last number) that the directors have re solved on completing the whole of the thorough line from Ayr to Glasgow in the first instance, by which means an im mediate dividend will arise, and the whole expense of con struction will, owing to the economical arrangements of the directors, not amount to above £350,000, or c er t a i n ly un d er £400,000. The first 15 miles will be opened next summer at £B,OOO per mile, including all expenses; the next 14 miles will probably cost about £lO,OOO per mile; the most expen sive part, but that also on which the most traffic will be found. is the piece for three miles from Johnston to Paisley, and thence seven miles to Glasgow : even on this last, however, the cost will not exceed £29,000 per mile. It is to he ex pected as-a necessary consequence of opening this railway, that the whole of the Liverpool, Belfast, and Highland steam trade will flow into Troon and Ardrossan, and the mails and passengers will, be landed at Troon 61 or 7 hours sooner than at Glasgow. The passage by the railway will be made in little more than an hour, giving a saving of at least 52 hours. It will then be possible to dine at Glas gow, breakfast at Liverpool, and dine in Lond on , w ithi n the 24 hours—and vice versa. An immense advantage will accrue to Glasgow and Lancashire from this ar rangement, by which two of the most populous and prin. cipal manufacturing districts in the United Kingdom will be brought within less than twelve hours of each other. It will probably be some years ere the Carlisle and Glasgow railway is made; but until that is done the next best thing in our opinion is the adoption of a line of fast steamers from Troon to Liverpool. This port, as well as Ardrossan, is ac cessible at all times of the tide, and has sixteen feet at low water. The Duke of Portland has been continually at work to improve it, and has excavated a spacious wet dock in the solid basalt, one of the finest things in the kingdom. Ar drossan is also an excellent harbour, and the large sums ex pended on it by the late Earl of Eglinton have only failed to render it profitable from the want of a communication to Glasgow, which will he now supplied by the railway. Both these ports will be brought into notice as the points of arri val and departure from England by the opening of this line, which will also, in the event of a grand communication by Carlisle, become the channel along which all the traffic will flow past Kilmarnock and Dumfries. We understand the works are proceedin g rapidly and satisfactorily. This li ne only requires to be known and appreciated in order to be come one of the most popular investments in the kingdom. —Railway Magazine far Octnber.—[Messrs. Harford, Davis, and Co., of Bristol, have got the contracts for 500 tons of 11-75 rails for part of the joint line to Paisley, and Messrs. Blair and Robinson, of Glasgow, for 200 tons of chairs; blocks grow like mushrooms in Scotland, spontaneously— there is plenty of basalts, granites, &c. to be had rot:quar rying. With these prospects before them, we cannot but congratulate our Scotch friends on the important advantages their rising country will derive from the establishment of railways, which will now be constructed on the most ap proved principles. S •V t „,, . ~- ; 7 1 • / • ...•.`t • v.. .0 1 •✓ 44 - Ow. .1 " \ 4 .4; r. " „ EXHIBITION or PAINTINGS". The bustling week we had last week obliged us to neglect the exhibition of paintings. We now resume our notice. No. 64. "Italy. This is a good painting of a fine burst of extensive landscape. The idea of the painting is taken from the following lines : But now the Alps are passed, that - Turbulent chaos; and the promised land Lies at my feet in all its loveliness. To him who starts up from a terrible Dream, and to! the sun is shining, and The lark singing aloud fur joy, to him Is not such sudden ravishment as now 1 feel at the first glimpses of fair Italy. The foreground represents the rugged Alps and rich luxuriant verdure at the base. In the distance is an extensive lowland landscape, which is drawn with fine effect. Nos. 65, "The Fisherman,"-66, " Goats and Donkey," —6B, "Cattle,"—and 69, "Sands, with Distant View of Folkstone," are small, good paintings of what they each represent. No. 67. " Meg Merrilies." This is one of the many con ceptions of Meg Merrilies which have appeared, and de cidedly does not rank the last in merit. it is a small paint ing by Clater. She is represented in a cave, sitting over some burning embers. It is well drawn and exceedingl. , richly coloured. No. 70. "The Shocking Tale," by C. Runciman, is the representation of a laughable idea. A milk girl, who has put down her cans, is relating to her companion some shock ing accident, which has resulted in the renting of her gown, which she is holding out to the admiration of her companion. It is well drawn, but the colouring is pale, sketchy, and almost like that of a water-colour painting. Nos. 71, "View on the Thames. with Barges,"—and 72, "Careening a Boat," are both good river scene paintings. No. 73. "Devil's Point, with Port of Mount Edgecombe," is one of Seaforth's sea views, and is distinguished by bril liant colouring and fine and distinct outline. There is a truth to nature in both drawing and colouring in all Seaforth's paintings, which at one stamps a value upon them. No. 74. " Richard and Kate going to the Fair," by C. Runciman, is the fellow to No. 70. The idea may be gathered from the following quotation : "Once passing by this very tree, A gotch of milk I'd been to fill, You shouldered me, then laughed to see Me and my gotch spin down the hill." It represents an antiquated old farmer and an old woman on the brow of a bill, passing a tree. It possesses all the cha racteristic faults of its fellow without its redeeming humour. No. 75. "The Feast of the Gipsies," by David Maclise, A.R.A. The commencement of a critical notice of this pic ture is no slight task. It embodies so many beauties and ex cellencies, not unmixed with many faults, it is so great a picture, is so full of incident and character and expression, that pages might be written concerning it, and would require to be written, to go adequately into the detail of its merits and faults. The idea of the painting is taken from the fol lowing quotation : " Far away from your cities, our gay hordes alone; In the place we love best, make a town of our own; When the day's tramp is o'er and the sun is declining, How joyous we are, on the sweet grass reclining To the quick, seething cauldrons our forage we fling, t t And make merry and love, and we dance and we sing; To the life of a gipsy, what is that of a king ?" The foreground of the painting is to the extreme left facing the spectator, and represents a fresh arrival of gipsies to the encampment, with donkeys loaded with provisions, women, and children. In the centre of the painting, in the back ground, fresh troops of gipsies, with their donkeys, are seen arriving. In the immediate foreground to the left, two gpisies are killing a kid, and proceeding to cut it up, and two rough haired dogs are anxiously watching the pro gress, expecting to come in for a share of the provision. In the centre of the painting ' in the foreground, there is a sort of bacchanalian group. One or two are playing tambou rines and other instruments, some are dancing, others drink ing, and some romping together and rolling about. Behind this group a large number are engaged in some sort of dance. In the back ground to the right of the picture, there are several small encampments and cauldron fires, with groups around them amusing themselves in various ways; others are attending to the cooking. In the immediate foreground to the right, a kind of " plighting of troth" is going on between a handsome gipsy and his sweetheart, to whom he is pre senting some stolen ring, and extracting from her a coyly granted promise of, to him, an equivalent. Behind these, a large party is arranged in a circle, whetting their knives and their teeth, at the sight of a large joint and sundry fowls, which appear to be just taken out of the cauldron, and are being handed to them by an old gipsy woman, who appears to be officiating as cook. The individuals of this party are characterized by every variety of attitude and expres sion. To the extreme right another old woman is lifting a reeking joint out of the boiling cauldron. We have now given a tolerable outline of the subjects of the picture. In speaking of the merits of the painting, the left of the picture has been made the point of view on which the artist has be stowed his chief care. T. give the artist a fair chance of having his production rightly appreciated, opportunity should have been afforded of seeing the painting at this point at the proper focus of sight. At present the spectator is brought too near upon it, and the right of the picture is brought equally prominently forwards, which in some degree, destroys the proper light, and renders prominent many slighting faults in the picture. Great care is manifested in the drawing and fiinish of the group to the left in the foreground, where the artist has bestowed all his skill. The painting of the grey donkey, from the fault of position, just alluded to, appears flat, and wants relief; the dogs are exceedingly well drawn and painted, and are full of character. The various little scenes which are shown in lifting the women from the don keys are very clever. There appears, however, to us, to be one reigning fault with all the young gipsy women in the painting, and which we have elsewhere seen noticed, namely, that they are ladies, not gipsies. The delicate refinement of figure, and expression, and feature, which the artist has given to some of them, is the very opposite to the natural coarseness of the gipsy face. As we get to what is more properly the background of the picture—to the centre and the right-- the painting of the various figures is slighted; there ap pears to be a hasty and slurred-over sort of finish. The dra pery of a girl in the foreground, dressed in a red gown, is very sketchy and roughly finished, as is also the yellow jacket of a man seated near. These faults, in a picture of such magnitude—so crowded with incident, ought not' to be too _severely criticised; but there is not a doubt hut they de teriorate from the merit and value of a painting. Looking at the painting as a whole, it is truly a great painting; the amount and diversity of character, expression, and grouping in it, is enormous. It is a painting which requires consi derable study even to find out all that is in it. As a produc tion of art, it is characterised by bold, flee drawing. In some parts the colouring is coarse and unfinished; but gene rally it is judicious and effective. Pheasant shooting commenced on Monday week with a prospect of good sport. The birds are said to be tolerably nu merous, strong, and in gobd condition. The London attorneys have fixed the attendance of their clerks to be from ten in the morning till six in the evening• We recommend the example to the profession of Liverpool. About 30 years ago the name of a very affected lady of fashion was publicly mentioned, who always left town for the country, to be absent on Michaelinas-day, because the metropolis smelt so abominably strong of roasted geese. THE COAT, TRADE AT MARYPORT.—The coal trade is now very brisk, there being a great demand for them in Ireland. The vessels belonging to Alaryport are seldom more than a week over the voyage. The price at Belfast is from 13s. 6d. to l4s per ton.—Carlisle Patriot. Calais is now entirely lighted with gas, and possesses the ad ditional attraction of handsome and commodious sea-baths erected on the dunes, with saloons attached for balls and even ing reunions. At Caen and Verdun, the itinerant venders of female finery have adopted an irresistible method of attracting customers. They announce that a magnificent shawl—un chdle d'honneur —will be daily presented to the handsomest woman who may grace their sale rooms with her presence. LITERARY COTTAGE.—It is a remarkable fact that Home wrote his tragedy of Douglas, Dr. Blair composed his " Lec tures," and Dr. Robertson compiled his " History of Charles V.," in the same small white cottage, still to be seen at B urnts field Links, in Scotland. Sir Gilbert Heathcote has had a severe loss in his stable. A tine filly foal, own sister to Amato, (who won the Derby so cleverly this year,) was seized with internal inflammation last week, and died in twenty-four hours. Sir Gilbert would not have taken 1000 guineas for the foal. The dahlia is now become quite a valuable flower: there are many instances of seedlings being sold this autumn for thirty, forty, and even sixty guineas. Mr. E. Davis ' of this city, sold a fine yellow to M ess r s . Brown, of Slough, at the Bath show, for forty guineas.— Bath Journal. SHIP BUILDING IN SUNDERLAND.—A paragraph has ap peared in the Sunderland Herald, stating that there are 105 ships at present building on the banks of the Wear. We have made inquiry on this subject, and are gratified to learn, that, instead of 165, there are no less than 118 ships at present on the stocks in this busy and enterprising port.—Sunderland Beacon. Though, according to Mr. Whittle Harvey's account, his new office entails a good deal of labour at first, there seems to be every probability that when the licenses are all granted, it will become a comparative sinecure, and may be executed either at the `tamp-office or the police offices, without en tailing upon his constituents the loss of Mr. Harvey's valuable services in parliament. POSTAGE.-It is not, perhaps, generally known, that by the Act, 1 Vict. cap. 34, sect. 2, it is enacted that in all cas s in which it shall be so required by the Post-office Acts, or by any regulations made by the Postmaster-General in pur suance thereof, the postage shall be paid by the senders on delivering the letter to the post-office; in other causes it shall be optional with the sender to pay the postage on delivering the letter to the post-office; and if the postage shall not have been paid by the sender, it shall be paid by the person to whom the letter is addressed, on the delvery thereof to him; but, nevertheless, if the letter be refused, or the party to whom it is addressed shall be dead or caunot be found, the writer or sender shall pay the postage; and this enactment applies to every packet, newspaper, and periodical publica tion, and every thing whatsoever chargeablelwith postage, which shall be transmitted by the post. MARRIAGE DISAPOINTMENT.-011 Thursday morning a novel scene was presented at St. Pancras' church. At the usual hour of ten o'clock several parties arrived to be united in matrimony, attended by their friends. One respectable looking party suddenly halted in the porch, and when the beadle directed their way to the altar, a young man an swered—" No, I have changed my mind." This individual turned out to be the intended bridegroom ; expostulations were of no avail—be persisted in committing "a breach of promise," and walked hastily away, followed by his fair " in.. tended," who, with apparent mingled feelings of disappoint ment, shame, scorn, and contempt, (the latter Prevailing,) threw the golden symbol of matrimony at him, and then re turned to her friends. The cause of this strange conduct did not openly transpire. IMPORTANT TO THE TRADING CLASSES.—Cou r t of Bank ruptcy, Oct. 3.—Yesterday and to-day several a ffi d av i ts were lodged in court, under the Bth clause of the new act for abolish ing imprisonment for debts, which enacts, "that if any single creditor, or any two or more creditors being partners, whose debt shall amount to £lOO or upwards, or any two creditors whose debts shall amount to £l5O or upwards, or any three or more creditors whose debts shall amount to £2OO or up wards, of the laws, now in affidavit or affidavits fwoarerdes,,reosrpaencytirt,grabdaenrk‘rvuitphlisn, shall file an in her Majesty's Court of Bankruptcy, that such debt or debts is or are justly'Lltie to him or them respectively, and, that such debtor as he or they may verily believe is such trader as aforesaid, and shall cause him to be served, personally, with a copy of such affidavit or affidavits, and with a notice in writing requiring immediate pa.yinent of such debt or debts, and if such trader shall not within 21 days after personal ser vice of such affidavit or affidavits and notice pay such debt or debts, or secure or compound for the same to the satisfaction of such creditor or creditors, or enter into a bond in such sum, and with such two sufficient sureties as a commissioner of the Court of Bankruptcy shall approve of, to pay such sum or sums as shall be recovered in action or actions which shall have been been brought, or shall hereafter be brought, for the recovery of the same, together with such costs as shall be given in the same, as to render himself to the custody of the gaoler, of the court, in which such action shall have been or may be brought, according to the practice of such court, or within such time and in such munner as the said court, or any judge thereof, may direct, after judgement shall have been recovered in such action, every such trader shall be deemed to have committed an act of bankruptcy on the 22d day affer service of such affidavit or affidavits and notice, provided a fiat in bankruptcy shall issue against such trader, within two calen dar months from the filing of such affidavit or affidavits, but not otherwise." .This order, it is generally believed, will much increase the business of the 1