The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-08-17 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS. As the Mail declines to comply with our challenge of last week, we shall make no reply to the abuse with which he assails us. A Ratepayer" is desirous that we should call the attention of the magistrates to the shameful practice of petty dealers in fruit, &c., thronging the pathways and corners of the streets on the Sabbath, to the great annoyance of the passengers, and the open desecration of that sacred day. The letter of " Philalethes" and several others are again postponed through a pressure of assize intelligence. We cannot inform " A Stranger" of any society with such objects as those to which he alludes. Mr. Collett is, we believe, the chairman of the Chester and Holyhead Railway Company. gar Eibtrpool gptanbarb. Yearly Subscription : Hn Aaliance, 15s. On Credit, I7s. TUESDAY MORNING, AUG. 17, 1847. THE organs of the Bank, or monied interest, as contra-distinguished from the Industrial and Com mercial Interests, are at length attempting to reply to the arguments used by those who attribute the bulk of the pressure, at present and recently felt in money for commercial purposes to the action of the present Currency Laws. Foremost amongst these authorities is the writer of the city article of the London Times, Irslho takes upon him to school the trading world for having brought upon them selves the evil under which they are suffering, by neglect of his cautions against the excessive pro jection and prosecution of Railway schemes. " Panics in the Money Market," he says. " come and go,but, unfortunately, they leave no lesson behind. At the beginning of April we witnessed a pressure long fore told from certain existing causes, but which, for any wis dom it imparted, was apparently suffered in vain. Scarcely three months have elapsed, and now we again find our selves in the midst of similar disturbance, only, it is to feared, to pass again to the same result of temporary re action and immediate disregard of all that it might have taught us. " The causes assigned for the predicted pressure, which should have commenced with gradual severity at the be ginning of the year, but which was retarded by the Bank until we had the substituted panic in the spring, have been repeated so often that, but for the apparent incapacity on the part of the public of receiving or retaining them, it would seem idle to touch upon them more. But the cry must be repeated until men, from habit at all events if not from reflection, shall come to recognise that there must be something in it. Railway expenditure, free trade, and deficient harvests, each constituted grounds to beget a certainty of monetary peril—the first as a gigan tic madness, paralyzing all the ordinary industry and con sequent resources of the country ; the second as inducing changes which, however wise and beneficial, must, like all revolutions, bring about disturbance until we shall have adapted ourselves by experience to its new relations ; and the third as involving an immediate loss of wealth, which would necessitate economy and hard labour until it should be repaired. Of these three causes the last and minor ones were beyond our power of control, and all that was requisite was that they should be prudently recognized; but railway expenditure was at our own option, and it was here that warnings were to be raised. These warn ings, however; although they may have saved individnals, were, of course, ineffectual to stem the rushing mania of a nation. Experience could only effect that object. The word Would not do without the blow, and in April the country reeled under its infliction." We are perfectly ready to admit the truth of the facts stated.in the former of the above paragraphs, —that " panics come and go" and seem to leave little impression upon the public to induce subse quent caution, And this is because the community possess absolutely no control over the machinery by which those panics are caused, and because the - bulk of our population cannot or will not see what a panic is. We had what our contemporary calls a panic in April last. We cannot consent to give it that name. It was nothing more than the or dinary operation of our monetary system, which compels us to check the progress of our industry and commerce and which virtually confiscates, or at least renders unsaleable, except at a vast de preciation, every description of product or property, whenever any large portion of the metallic basis of our currency is withdrawn for the purpose of foreign operations. Under' any other circum stances—if arising from over speculation merely, from the fear of the result of such over specula tion upon the credit of individuali, from the mea sure of Free Trade, per se, or from the necessity of large importations otforeign breadstuffs—we quite agree with the writer in the Times that the pressure "should have commenced at the beginning of the year," for most assuredly we were then in the full knowledge of all these circumstances. The potato rot of last year and the deficient harvest, were patent facts, We were aware that we must supply ourselves from the granaries of Europe and America. But immediately that we had made preparations to do this, our Currency system interfered and virtu ally said " You may have food ; but, whilst sup plying yourselves, the hands of industry must be tied up ; " you may draw ten or twelve millions of gold to pay for that food, but you must at the same time strike off £200,000,000 sterling from the market value of your lands, your mills, your mines, your railway shares, and your manufactures, the latter of which we shall take away from you the means of transporting to foreign markets in ex change for the bread you want to feed your people." Hence it was that the so called panic, which was in reality onlya money famine, did not begin when it ought to have begun ; did not in fact begin in April, when the Bank began its contracting pro cess, and never would have begun, had we possessed, a currency more capable of regulating itself to the continually changing circumstances of the country. Again, the Times says that this panic, which ought to have begun in the commencement of the year was " retarded by the Bank" until the spring. Of course it was. That institution threw their dis counts into the market with a lavish hand so long as they were able, anxious to make the most of the supply of. gold which they must have known was only temporarily in their hands. Such is the natural operation of the system to which it is itself subjected, and which constitutes it a machine which must alternately feed speculation and put the screw upon legitimate commercial operations. But the Times says—and it is his favourite hobby —we might have protected ourselves from a large portion of the mischief, if we had not rushed into the mania for making railways. What, however, we ask, encouraged that mania? Why, a tempo rary redundancy of currency,—the other end of the pendulum, which provides that " panics come and go ; " that we shall ever be oscillating between inflated prosperity and inordinate suffering. Will the Times tell us that we had not capital to make all the railways likely to be sanctioned by Parlia ment ? Assuredly we had. The difficulty was that when our operations for procuring a supply of food withdrew from circulation our gold, we had no longer a currency to represent our capital. We had produce and manufactures in our warehouses sufficient to pay for twenty times the corn we re quired ; we had that corn to pay for and to feed the labourer required to construct our railways; but we had no longer a circulating medium to enable us to conduct these operations. We were at a dead lock : and had every railway work throughout the empire been suspended it would not have per ceptibly relieved us as a nation, however much a few individuals might have been temporarily con venienced. The Times continues : " The first effect of the panic was to lock up money and send down prices. Importations were for a moment checked, and foreigners came in to purchase our depre ciated securities; general transactions all over the coun- try were suddenly reduced, and coin, in consequence, ,flowed back into the Bank. With this came a revival of confidence. Scarcely a dozen railway schemes of any magnitude had been abandoned ; no relaxation of the caution necessitated by free trade could be warranted ; no prospect that food deficiencies were at an end had been announced. All the causes which had produced the evil were still in unmitigated force, but there was a reaction in the money market, and that was enough. Consols rose 3 per cent., railway shares recovered in great measure from the fall they had sustained since January, Bank Di rectors talked openly on 'Change of reducing the rate of discount to 44 per cent., and at London and at Liverpool, and all the share exchanges of the country, engagements were eagerly extended, and the assurance was universally repeated that ' the worst was over.' " We might go a little further than this, and add that, as the result of the revival of confidence— mind, in the power of the Bank to provide the means (currency) by which the commercial and in dustrial operations of the country could be carried on—the spirits of our manufacturers began to re vive, mills that had been entirely stopped, or work ing half time only, began to resume their wonted activity, and the operative manufacturing popula tion began to have hopes of being fed. Thi s, .moreover, was not merely speculative feeling. On the contrary, there was every prospect of a go o d demand before them. The foreigner was short of and wanted our goods in return for the grain which he had sent us. Orders had already poured in upon the manufacturer, which the improvement in the position of the Bank held out the prospect of his being able to execute. Yet what is our present condition ? We have almost the certainty of an abundant harvest, both at home and throughout Ahe world, Our fears for the potato crop are 41mo§t THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. dissipated. Food of all kinds has been placed within the reach of our population. Foreign mar kets still invite the manufacturer to renewed opera tions.. Yet, our contemporary says, "We have now again to write of panic." And he says so truly, if, for "panic," we substitute the words " currency famine." - Manufacturing industry is again sus pended ; commerce is once more paralyzed ; the price of our public and other securities is ruinously reduced, as well as those of property and exportable ' products of every description ; and shortly we shall again see that process going on, which the Times remarks upon as having recently. taken place, in which " the -foreigner"—who has our gold—" comes in to purchase our depreciated securities," and, we may add, our manufactures. Has the conduct of the trading community had any thing to do with the production of this state of things ? Obviously not. They are amazed at and perfectly helpless to prevent its occurrence. Our contemporary indeed says, that " scarcely a dozen railway schemes of any magnitude have been aban doned," and that " no relaxation of the caution ne cessitated by free trade could be warranted." What the abandonment or non-abandonment of railways has to do with gold -going out of the country, we are at a loss to know,except inasmuch as by keep ing some hundreds f thousands of railway labour ers in employment we enable them to consume more food—which we presume is what he means in another part of his article by the term "railway consumption"—and to consume, at the same time, more of the products of native industry. " The caution necessitated by free trade" is a novelty to us, unless it relates to the argument, which we have long ago held, that free trade and our present cur rency system are antagonistic to each other. Our contemporary thus concludes one of the most weak and inconsequential articles we ever met with in his columns : " There are some," he says, " who clamour for an ex pansive action' on the part of the Bank of England as the panacea for all existing evils, and who by this cry retard the correction that must only fall the more terribly in proportion as it is delayed. Advance money—facilitate imports of provisions and an export of gold in the face both of railway consumption and free trade—reduce the rate of interest and bring a French loan of X 14,000,000 at once upon our markets—see the last bar of gold exported from our vaults, and add the rush of home discredit to the force of a foreign drain, and all will then be righted. This is the language of a large majority of financiers—worthy rather of the other side of the Atlantic than of England— and there is no little peril that, as the next Parliament is constituted, their efforts will find expression in more than words. Let what may happen, however—let palliative after palliative be adopted—we once more put upon record the assertion that there is no escape but in a recognition that the railway expenditure- must be stopped. and that traders must be prepared to groan and many of them to succumb ufidei such rate of interest and for such time as may be essential to effect that object. Let things take their best and natural course, and the evils to be endured will still prove such as few have even yet ventured to con template ;. let the painful process of cure be retarded by the tampering concessions of an interested legislature, and the long and grinding period of distress before we shall again breathe freely. will be such as to wear out he ar t a n d pe and to sicken all men with the struggl e ." We beg to direct attention to the passage, which we have marked in italics—" Advance money— facilitate imports of provisions and an export of gold in the face of both railway consumption and Free Trade." ! and something dreadful will occur. Why the Free Traders told us that the object of their measures was to facilitate the importation of provisions ; and we assure them that such must be the case, whether for consumption here, or to be stored by our capitalists to supply the wants of Europe. The imports of foreign grain must be, under our present system, a staple and immense trade, as the impdrt and storage of sugar is a great staple trade of the free ports of Europe. But we want to export manufactures as well as to import provisions; and that, it is plain, our present re stricted currency, based as it is and measured in value by a definite and arbitrary price of gold, pre vents us from doing. Upon this subject an able authority, Mr. Jonathan Duncan of London, stated recently—and we recommend the Guardian-ridden manufactures of Manchester to ponder over his words : " Suppose our measures of length, as the yard wand of the draper, were made of gold, then, possessing intrinsic - value as commodities, they would be liable to exporta tion, and the business of the draper would be suspended ; he would therefore be compelled, at a sacrifice, to obtain back from the foreigner the gold wands, without which he cannot carry on his business ; the foreigner says to him, ' you shall have them back on the condition that you give me 54 inches for a yard, instead of 36 ;' here the draper clearly loses 50 per cent. to buy back the golden wands. This is precisely what our manufacturers are compelled to do to get back the sovereigns from the foreigner; they must reduce the price of their goods to him by 50 per cent., and give him three bales of cloth where otherwise they would only have given two." The Times, it will be seen, has already admitted that the same is the course of action pursued by the foreigner with respect to our " depreciated se curities." What our " railway consumption" has to do with the matter we cannot tell ; nor shall we admit that the formation of railways, which is the creation of property upon our own soil—as good and as. valuable property to this nation as mills or mines or the land itself, and as good even as gold, so long as wa can find a representative for it, which can be made available for the carrying on of our foreign transactions—can be a source of danger to the nation, or is the cause of our present embarrass ments;until we are convinced that railway sleepers and rails are made of the precious metals, or that these commodities are embedded in embankments. Our embarrassments flow solely from the absurd attempt to regulate our standard of value by that of an article which is of fluctuating value ; to regulate prices by the supply of an exportable material, which is liable to be drawn from us whenever our imports exceed our exports, and to carry on .a Continually expanding commerce by means of a circulating medium whose basis is short in supply to meet the wants of this country and the world. THE drama, which has for months been perform ing-, and of which the chief scenes have been laid in Mark-lane and other markets, is approaching its catastrophe. The glorious autumnal sky, under which we have for the last few weeks been rejoicing, has scared away alike actors and prompters, scene shifters and property men—the last of whom have left behind them, as relics, the machinery, which they have heretofore found so useful, and which only failed them at the last hour. Amongst the best known of these is the asserted potatoe rot, which is so far worn that it is not thought it can be of any use in another season, and has been bought for an old song by one or two of our contemporaries. In more intelligible and business-like language, the famine-panic has broken down, despite all the ap pliances used to keep it up ; and its promoters and dupes are about to receive their reward, which, we trust, will he meted out to them in somewhat less measure than the sharp practice of the former and the folly of the other would fully warrant. In ofd times our ancestors witnessed the south sea bubble and its bursting. A year ago we wit nessed, ourselves, the, railway mania and its cala mitous issue. Wise people—prudent inen=talked, with disapproving shakes of the head, of the evil of withdrawing capital from the legitimate channels of trade, and of the folly of urging forward the con struction of railways, although everywhere around there were evidences of the vast boon to mankind conferred by the railways already m existence, and the further boon to be conferred by the formation of additional railways, to promote the cheapening of the cost of transit, the developement of the resources of the soil and, most important, of all, the increase of • civilization amongst the people. Yet, no sooner did we see the end of the railway mania than we had, got up by the same wise people who denounced it so vigourously, a famine mania. The potato crop of last year was a failure : ergo they said it was to be a failure again. Our supply of bread stuffs was short ; and straightway they acted as if the bounty of Providence would never enable us to repair our deficiency—never enable us to overtake and to conquer the evil. To the last too many have clung to this delusion. They have hoarded and hoarded ; they have exacted famine prices, they have revelled in the prospect of imagin ary gains to the last. Men of all sorts and con ditions—capitalists and beggars—men of money and men of straw—merchants, brokers, shop keepers and even clerks, with pittances barely Rif& cient to keep whole coats upon their shoulders, have abandoned their ordinary and legitimate avo casions, and rushed to the lucky marts at Mark Lane and elsewhere, to possess themselves of bush els or barrels of the fortune-creating commodity; and, having succeeded in this object of their am bition, they have closed their eyes to the acts and accidents of the world around them, and fancied themselves moderately or immoderately rich, accord ing to the amount of their respective ventures. The world has gone round upon its axis all this time, The ficauml have followed in their coupe bringing with them the cheering, prospect of abun dance. The granaries of the world have been emptying themselves into the ports of wealthy England. Every available vessel has been put in requisition to transport food to our shores. But the corn speculators still slept on, still doled out their scanty supply to a hungry and distressed people, at an immoderate and immodest price— slept so to the very last, dreaming of storm and blight, magnifying every genial shower into a flood, every. speck upon an ear of wheat or a potato stalk, into an evidence of widely-spread and irretrievable destruction. At length, at the last hour, these gentlemen are being t..wakened ; and if their re verse be more signal than it might have been, they have but their own acts to.blame for the cir cumstance. • Greater folly we never witnessed or heard of than has been displayed in the course of the last. few months by the parties who are now about to be called upon to suffer. Every disinterested man, whose fingers were not infected by the touch of the prevailing idol; every man in the full posses sion of his intellect, saw clearly that the pressure upon our food market was only temporary—that the vacuum produced by an unfavourable - season, putting aside the interference of Providence to furnish us with abundance from our own soil, would soon be filled up to overflowing by the influx of food from other countries. The Ainerican people, everybody knew, would snatch the husks from their swine to feed upon, in order to wring from us dollars in return for their wheat and flour. The serfs of Russia and Poland, . Norway and Sweden, would vegetate upon tallow and kelp, in Order 'to get British gold for their wheat and rye. Germany would sustain itself upon cabbages and other greenstuffs, in order to share the golden harvest. The men of Mark-lane, and such as they, alone were blind to these facts. They alone, morever, were unable, or refused, to see that the stocks of a world could not for ever be held over, and the appetites of a hungry people satisfied only at famine prices—that bills renewed once or twice could not be renewed for ever, and that, postpone it as they might for a season, the crash must come at last. It is at band. It has commenced; and whilst we repeat our hope that the destruction of individual credit and property will not be propor tionate to the extent of individual misconduct, we cannot but fear that it will be great and calamitous. Whatever may be its extent, however, let it serve as a warning against the evils of commercial gam bling, and the wickedness of inordinate avarice. Another lesson, too, it may teach those who, so triumphantly in their own estimation, ask us how we should have sustained our people under the operation of the sliding scale : viz., the fact that speculation under that system is infinitely less potent in raising the price of a people's food, be yond a people's means to purchase, than under a system of free trade. The speculator for a rise under the latter has no fears, save of a decline in prices. He holds to-day in the hope of an additional shilling per quarter to-morrow; and if prices recede a shilling, that shilling is the extent of his loss. Under the sliding scale, he held subject to his neighbour adopting the opportunity of selling which he himself rejected. He must, in declining markets, at once accommodate himself to the cir cumstances which warranted that decline ; for, if he refused, he was liable not only to a loss com mensurate with the decline in price but, as well, to the imposition of an additional duty. Moreover, in the emergency of very high prices—of prices only as high as the present—we should under that system have had free trade to its fullest extent. So far as we have experienced the workings of our present law, we are convinced that it holds out to the capitalist facilities for operating injuriously upon the interests and comforts of the masses, by raising and depressing at will the price of their food, infinitely greater than the law which it sus pended. Steadiness of price it obviously cannot accomplish. THE POLICE CoußT.—Yesterday there were no less than 148 cases on the police books for hearing, consisting, for the most part, of drunk and disorderly cases. We learn that this number exceeds the average by near 50. IRISH BEGGlNG.—Yesterday a considerable number of Irish mendicants were brought before the magistrates at the police-court, charged with begging on Sunday. Several were discharged on promising to return to Ireland, whilst others refusing to be sent back to their native country were sent to gaol for seven days. The answers from some of them on being asked to return home, were somewhat amusing. The reply of one was, " I'd rayther not if I could help it." He was committed for persisting in his refusal. Another, who seemed averse to returning home, was pointedly asked the question, " Will you go home or to prison ? " when he answered with much characteristic simplicity, but evidently under the sudden influence of the feeling of prison restraint, " Faith, I'll go home if you like." REVISING BARRISTERS.—The Lord Chief Baron nas made the following appointments of revising barristers for the northern gircuit:—York.—West Riding with Ponte fract.—W. Blanchard, Benjamin Boothby, and L. Tem ple, Esqrs. West Riding Boroughs, except Ripon, Pon tefract, and Knaresborough.—William Gray, Esq. East Riding and Boroughs of York, with Knaresborough and Ripon.-- 7 G. F. Pollard, Esq. North Riding and its Bo roughs, except York. —Stephen Temple, Esq. Durham and Boroughs, 7 —Richard Mathews, Esq. Northumber land and Boroughs.—T. J. Hogg, Esq. Cumberland and Boroughs, with Kendal.—Woronzow Greig, Esq. Westmoreland, North Lancashire, Clithero, and Lan caster.—Charles Otter, Esq. South Lancashire, War rington, and Rochdale.—P. A. Pickering, W. Conie, and J. P. Wild, Esq. Liverpool, Wigan, Bolton, Preston, and Blackburn.—F. S. Brandreth, Esq. Boroughs of South Lancashire, except Liverpool,Wigan, Bolton, Roch dale, and Warrington.—Hon. R. -Denman. WOODSIDE FERRY.—We understand that the com mittee for conducting the affairs of this and the Monks' Ferries contemplate recommending to the next general meeting of the commissioners a reduction in the salaries of the men employed in the establishment of ss. per week, to commence after the 28th instant,, and that notice to this effect has been given by the manager to those func tionaries.. It will be in the recollection of our readers that it is only a few months ago since • the sum proposed to be abated was added. The reason assigned for taking such an important step is, that the funds of this rising city are deficient, and that they intend making up such deficiency by lessening the expenditure of these ferries. It can hardly be expected for one moment that the Ferry Committee are in earnest in making such an announce ment, for if the deficit should be so trifling that the re duction of a few shillings from the small pittance of some ten or a dozen officers will make it up, we must condemn it at once as a most imprudent and unwise step ; and if, on the contrary, the deficit should amount to a large sum , we would' ask how that object can be gained, upon the same principle ? We know for a fact that this is the con struction which has been put upon it by some of the largest and most respectable ratepayers in Birkenhead. However, as the matter will have to be brought before the board for their sanction, before it can be carried into execution, 'we hope, for the credit of that intelligent and highly respectable body, and the township generally, that they will at once set their faces against such a paltry transaction, and will show their independent spirit by quashing any such recommendation. We would ask how it is possible that they can expect to get the services of respectable men, who have wives and families depending upon them for support, when provisions and everything are so dear, and rents so high, for so small a pittance as 30s. a week, and in addition give a bona fide security to a large amount for their honesty and integrity. If they expect this they will find themselves sadly deceived, for besides the qualifications above enumerated, the duties of the officers are extremely heavy. THE CROPS' IN OUR IMMEDIATE DISTRICTS.—The weather has been extremely propitious during the past week both for the growing and the ripening crops. We had some rains in the early part of last week, but nothing to do any injury to the F3-rain, while they greatly advanced green crops. These, with sunshine intervening, were suc ceeded by the finest possible harvest weather,—the glass on Thursday ranging at " Set Fair," and so continuing, with a warm sun and a healthful drying breeze, up to the time we write. The dews made up any want of moist ure during the day, as affecting green crops. Sun day was, perhaps, the finest of the fine days of a fine summer, and we may say that, upon the whole, a more prolific season was never realized (so far) and in prospect. The only exceptions are in the late potatoes, and the beans. In the former the disease has made its appearance, rather formidably in some fields, (and it sel dom shews itself until towards the period of ripening) but the breadth under culture is so great, that by canyid and timely gathering the general crop may yet amount to a fair quantity. The price rose a little in our markets on Saturday, (being is. 3d. per score), and until the whole crop is gathered in, and the result known, we can scarcely anticipate a fall, the popular demand for this root being greater than for any other vegetable of general consump tion. Much of the wheat is already in stock, and is heavy and fine. The same may be said of the oats, and with some few exceptions of the barley. Turnips and mangels have swelled out amazingly both in verdure and bulk, and a heavy yield may be safely anti cipated. We have seen, in the Wallasey district, some splendid fields of wheat and oats, on the exten sive farm of our townsman, Mr. Harold Littledale. Much is already cut, and the reapers here, as elsewhere in the neighbourhood, will be vigorously employed this week, should the weather hold, of which there is every prospect. All sorts of vegetables, excepting potatoes, are cheap, being abundant and fine. Nearly all the oats have been cut, and the wheat yet standing is fully ripe. A black insect has destroyed a great part of the beans, both in gardens and fields ; but the breadth sown in this neigh bourhood is limited, so that the loss will be little felt. The mangels in a large field of Mr. Littledale's, near the south end of Wallasey v illage, are already of great s i ze , and the final product will, no doubt, be unusually large. Barley, which in June was thin and unpromising, has considerably improved. The after grasses are forward, awl Wok beautiful. THE ANNUAL LICENSING SESSIONS. There are few duties in which the magistracy of a great town can be more usefully employed than in the proper regulation of its- public-houses and taverns. It is a fact notorious to every judge who sits upon the bench, that more criminal associations are formed, more crimes batched, more robberies and outrages planned, in the low and dis orderly public-houses with which all populous towns abound, than in any other places. Hence we regard the duties, which are annually to be performed by the licensing magistrate, as more than ordinarily important, and do not conceive that we are stepping out of our sphere in convey ing to them what we know to be the sense of a large and influential portion of our fellow-townsmen, with regard to the mode of their performance. During the past two years the town has sustained a large increase of building, and, in consequence of the operation of the sanitory act, a considerable portion of the new erections is composed of cottage property—small streets of houses, two and three storied, with rentals vary ing from £l5 to £2-I per annum. In nearly every such street we observe preparations made for a future public house, (if a license can be got,) and in the meantime fora beer-house. Hence the unusually large number of appli cations for licenses with which the magistrates will have to deal at the approaching sessions, many of which are, no doubt, put forward by parties of unexceptionable cha racter, and backed by signatures of persons the only ex ception against whom is that they are probably tenants of the landlord, for the advantage of whose property a license is sought. With respect to the mode of dealing with the major part, if not the whole, of such applications, we would urge upon the bench the same considerations which we caged last year. There are, unless we are sadly mis informed, existing in the back streets throughout the town, in places which were once populous thorough fareS; but are so no longer, not a few licensed public houses, too many of which serve only as the resorts of vice which shuns the light, as the nurseries of crime, or the lurking'places of the criminal—houses in which the Exciseman is never called upon to guage a cask of wine or spirits ' because the only receptacle in the by the poor tenant is a bottle filled as required from the nearest gin palace. Let the owners of such property be allowed to draft their licenses to the localities to which the popula tion they once depended upon has removed, and there can exist no necessity for granting a single new licence for years to come. Tt must be borne in mind that the new streets, for houses in which licences are being applied for, are not indicative of an increase of population to the ex tent of the tenants which they are capable of accommo dating. The bulk of them have been provided for the accommodation of parties removed under the operation of the sanatory act, or at their own option from unwhole some streets in the centre of the town, in search of a better and a purer atmosphere. Let such parties take their public-houses, or what amounts to the same, their licences with them. Abundance, and indeed far more than is required, will still be left within the limits of the old borough. As we remarked last year, however, there may be here and there, and particularly in the growing outskirts of the town, a few isolated cases, in which the establishment of a respectable tavern is calculated to be a convenience rather than a nuisance to the locality. We pointed to two such cases on a former occasion, in 'one of which (in Nether field-road, Everton) the applicant was successful in pro curing a license, and we believe has conducted his busi ness with credit and satisfaction to the magistrates and to his neighbours. Another case which we referred to last year was an ap plication for a license to a house, built by its owner for the purpf,se on the Bootle-road, in the centre of an im proving and highly respectable neighbourhood, and seven or eight hundred yards' from any other public-house. This application was not granted last year ; but we observe that the owner of the property is applying again this year, with, 'we learn, the support of a number of the most in fluential residents. For the last twelve months it has been conducted most satisfactorily under a beer license ; and it is furnished and in every way fitted to afford the accommodation required from a first rate tavern. The extension of the town and the docks in this direction—the number of cars and omnibuses passing along the road, with the prospect of a large increase in the population surrounding, we submit call for such a license being granted. There are no doubt other similar cases, here and there, which will present similar claims ; and in all these we have no doubt that the magistrates will exercise a wise discretion, keeping in view the fact that we want only such houses as are likely to be respectably conducted ; and that to enable the tavern keeper to so conduct his establish ment, it is necessary that his business should not be so divided by competition as to drive him to resort to un worthy and disorderly practices—to encourage tippling rather than supply in moderation the wants of the public. THEATRE-ROYAL.-MADAME RACHEL AND THE FRENCH COMPANY. Yesterday evening, the first appearance of this distin guished lady, accompanied by a very talented corps of male and female performers, took place in our Theatre- Royal, a most fashionable audience being assembled to receive them. The lower boxes, in especial, we have seldom seen better filled. The first piece was Scribe's comedy ;of " Valerie ou L'Aveugle,! in which Mdlle. Rabut sustained the part of Valerie, the blind girl, with great efficiency. The closing scene, in which Valerie is restored to her sight, was full of nature and feeling. The part of Caroline was sustained with great nalvette by Mdlle. Vallee ; and-but we need not particularise further. The whole was gone through most artistically, and eli cited unqualified admiration. Of " Les boraces," the tragedy, we scarcely know how to speak. It was perfect in every part, and afforded to those who heard it acting such as we have seldom wit nessed during the performance of an English play. The plot is the well-known one to the Latin scholar of the Horatii and Curatii ; and the part of Canzilla was allot ted to Rachel. In the first four acts we should, as impartial judges, have given the palm to Sabina (Mademoiselle Rabut,) whose acting was superb, as it was in the previous piece. But in_thelast act, Mademoiselle Rachel, as Camilla, asserted her preeminence in a manner which left no room for any competitor. More splendid acting we never witnessed than the closing scene, which drew down, as it deserved, a perfect torrent of applause. Amongst the ether parties engaged in the piece we find it difficult in the very brief space at our disposal, to par ticularize. We may, however, mention Mr. Raphael Felix. The acting of this gentleman throughout was of a very high order. Indeed the whole corps are most efficient. The Observer,—a good authority—now says that Parlia ment will not be called together before the usual time. The Earl and Countess of Sefton have arrived at the noble lord's seat, - IVleggernie Castle, Perthshire. from Croxteth Hall. Mr. George Grist has been appointed secretary to the Liverpool Licensed Victuallers' Benevolent Association in the room of Mr. Rowlandson, resigned. Mrs. Grist has received the appointment of matron to the; institution. We believe the appointments will give great satisfaction. Yesterday, at the Police-court, two half-starved looking urchins appeared at the Police-court, charged with stealing a quantity of potatoes from a shop in Dale-street. In reply to the charge, all they had to, stale was, that " they had had nothing to eat for two days." They were com mitted for seven days. AMERICAN PROVISIONS. During the eleven last Months (from Sept. Ist o the end of July last), there were exported to Great Britain, from the various Ameri can ports, 2,706,202 barrels of flour, 779,711 barrels of corn meal, 3,084,910 bushels of wheat, 16,251,988 bushels of corn, 451,214 bushels of oats, and 271,353 bushels of barley. MAN KILLED ON THE ILAILWA.V.—A man, named Henry Johnson, a labourer, at the railway, in Crown street, was accidentally killed on Saturday afternoon last. It appears that he was in the act of moving two waggons past some points on the 'main line of rails, and whilst doing so, another train of waggons, drawn by an engine, struck against the waggon deceased was pushing at, knocking it off the rails, and jamming de ceased against a waggon standfng on an opposite line. When taken up he was found insensible. SALE OF LAND AT BIRKENHEAD.—Last night Messrs. Churton offered for sale, at the Monks' Ferry Hotel, Birkenhead, a quantity of villa land, called the" Dibbins dale Vale Estate," situate on the margin of Bromborough Pool, near Birkenhead. The quantity advertised was 75,000 square yards, in 19 lets. The attendance at the sale was numerous, but the state of the money market had an effect upon the bidding. Four lots only were offered, one of which was knocked down at 2s. 6d. per yard; and a second at 3s. per yard. The two other lots offered were bought in. The total number of square yards sold is 5,000. FATAL ACCIDENT AT KIRKDALE.—On Saturday last, a carter named John Woods, on his way from Liverpool, met with his death in Kirkdale, under the following circumstances. The deceased was driving an empty cart, and behind him was a cart filled with manure. The horse in the latter cart began to trot, when the driver immedi ately stopped it, but the deceased, who was about five yards in advance, made a stand, allowing his own horse and cart to proceed until the other horse came up to him. He then took hold of its head, and whilst endeavouring to stop it, he was seen to fall down against the horse, when both horse and cart ran over him. On being taken up his head was found to be dreadfully crushed, and he was quite dead. Verdict, " Accidental death." THE LATE DEAN OF MANCHESTER.—The Hon. and Very Rev. William Herbert, L.L.D., Rector of Spofforth, son of the late Earl of Carnarvon, revised and re-dated his will on the 25th of January last, which had been ex ecuted by him in the year 1845. He has bequeathed to his wife, the Honourable Letetia Herbert, a life-in terest in all his property in England and elsewhere [ex cept Canada], also certain specific and pecuniary be quests, including the carriage and horses, the plate, &c., and that she may select from his books, pictures, and furniture, to the amount of £700; and after her decease, he leaves the property purchased by him in Therfield to his son Frederick; his only freeholds he leaves to his daughter Louisa, with a pecuniary bequest. The residue of his personal estate, and of the unsettled real estate, to be divided between his said son and daugh ters, Cecilia and Louisa. The estates in Canada, subjectto the payment of an annuity to his trustees, he has devoted to his son Frederic and his heirs. His estates undermarriage settlement in the counties of Bedford and Hertford, over which he had power of appointment, he has apportioned to his said son and daughters, his son Henry having received his portion in the lifetime of his father. He leaves to. the Rev. C. Richson, one of his executors, £lOO. The Hon. Letitia Herbert, the relict, and his brother, the Hon. Algernon Herbert, are the other executors. The personalty in Eng land and within the province of Canterbury was valued at £4OOO. He held the rectory of Spofforth,. Yorkshire, for thirty-three years, the value of which is returned as £1,538 per annum ; he was made Dean of Manchester in 18-1( , , and died in the yetg of his age. THE QUEEN'S ;rjSIT TO SCOTL AND. er ,;_ning berMajesty, Prince At six o'clock on Wednesday Albert, and a portion of the royal tam!ly, accompanied by the Prince of Leiningen and suite, embarked in the royal yacht from Osborne-pier under salutes from the royal yacht squadron, battery, West Cowes Castle, on the trip to Scotland. The royal squadron consisted of the two royal yachts, the Undine, Black Eagle, Scourge, and Garland, The latter, hitherto supposed to be the fastest steamer under the pennant, was beaten during Tuesday by the Fire Queen, newly purchased iron steamer of the Undine class. The squadron made all speed, passing through Cowes Roads. The night was passed in Yarmouth Roads. Soon after daybreak on Thursday morning the squadron got under weigh, the Scourge taking the lead through the Needles passage ; the Fairy, Undine, Black Eagle, and Garland following the Victoria and Albert. Before the squadron, however, had proceeded five or six miles, a fog came on ; and it was deemed prudent to run into Allum Bay, near Freshwater, just under the Needles rocks, to the eastward. In the course of an hour or so the weather somewhat cleared up. and the royal yacht was again got under weigh. By nine o'clock it had well cleared the rocks,nnd was steaming away at full speed to the west ward. There was a smart breeze blowing up Channel from the southwest, but comparatively little sea. Swanage was passed soon after ten o'clock; Weymouth about noon. The people on shore were diligent in hoist ing colours at every prominent place ; but, as the squadron did not keep very close to the land, and the air continued to be thick, the loyal had very slight glimpses of the steamers. At half-past three o'clock on Thursday afternoon the royal squadron ran into Dartmouth Bay, and anchored there for the night, having accomplished little less than a .hundred miles of the voyage. The Queen was on deck until some time after the yacht anchored, closely attended by the Prince of Wales "in the costume of an A. 8." Her Majesty looked remark ably well, and answered the cheers of her subjects, who crowded in boats round the vessel, by gracious smiles and bows. Long before daylight on Friday morning, the bustle of departure was heard among the royal squadron, lighting fires and.gettin,g the steam up. At four o'clock the sig nal was made to "weigh." In a few minutes the whole squadron. majestically left Dartmouth, under a royal salute from the castle battery, and proceeded down the Channel for the Scilly Islands, where her Majesty re mained for the night. The morning was beautifully fine, and the sea calm. On Sunday afternoon, about half-past two o'clock, the royal squadron arrived off Carnarvon Castle, where the pace was slackened to take a view of the bay and surround ing scenery, but no one landed. We learn, however, that during the short stay of the royal party, her Majesty re ceived a congratulatory address from the inhabitants, pre iented by the Mayor of Carnarvon. From Carnarvon her Majesty proceeded towards the Menai Bridge and Beaumaris, having previously disem barked from the Victoria and Albert yacht, and, along with the Prince Consert, Earl Grey, and several other members of the royal party, gone on board the Fairy ; the command of which for the time was assumed by Lord Adolphus Fitzdarence. The Victoria and Albert yacht, and the other vessels forming the squadron took a different route, and anchored off Puffin Island, there to wait the arrival of her Majesty—from Beaumaris. About three o'clock the Fairy reached the Straits, follovied by the Garland, government steamer. A royal salute announced her Majesty's arrival at the bridge. Just below the bridge the Prince landed on the Carnarvon side, from a hand some open gig, painted bright purple, and belonging to the Fairy. He was attended by several noblemen and gentle men connected with the party, and some of the officers belonging to the squadron. After visiting the bridge, the Prince again went on board the Fairy, and in about half an hour again disembarked on a visit to Penhryn Castle, the seat of Colonel Douglas Pennant, where his Royal Highness remained nearly an hour. During this time her Majesty was observed - on deck taking a sketch of Penhryn Castle, and the adjacent scenery, whilst the royal children were to be seen running about on deck. An immense number of yachts and steamers from Liver pool, and other places, had assembled to witness the interesting scene ; and the weather being exceedingly fine, the sight was most animating and the feeling enthusiastic. The yachts belonging to the Royal Mersey Yacht Club were assembled in considerable numbers, and contributed very much to' the beauty of the scene. An interesting circumstance connected with the day's proceeding occur red, which is invested with still additional importance from the fact of her Majesty being almost immediately connected with it. Amongst other vessels, the fine steamer Prince of Wales left Liverpool on Saturday, with alarge party on board, to meet her Majesty ; and, during the shortstayof the royalpartyintheneighbourhood, Captain Warren, com mander of the Prince of Wales, took the passengers onboard the Prince, in an open boat, round the royal yacht Fairy, in order to bring = them into more immediate proximity with the Queen. Whilst so engaged with about the fourth boat load, which numbered several ladies, and being, close to the Fairy, Captain Warren, who could not at the time distinguish the young Prince - of Wales, jocularly observed, "Its very hard that I am commander. of the Prince of Wales, and yet cannot see the Prince of Wales." Her Majesty, who was at the time sketching, unobserved by any of the party in the boat, overheard Captain Warren's observation, and immediately ran after the Prince, who was playing on deck, caught him in her arms, and holding him up to their view over the side of the Fairy, said to his Royal Highness, " Now, Sir take off your hat to the ladies and the Captain of the - Prince of Wales." We need scarcely say that this gracious act on the part of her Majesty was duly acknowledged. On the? Prince's return to the Fairy, the royal party went into Beaumaris Bay, where they remained for some time, and early in the evening again joined the squadron at Puffin's Island, where her Majesty returned to the Vic toria and Albert yacht, the party remaining there for the night. At four o'clock yesterday (Monday) morning, the royal party left the island for the Isle of. Man, where it was expected her Majesty would land, and remain a short time, at Douglas. We hope to receive from our reporters the particulars of this visit for a second edition. THE MANCHESTER TRADE, AND THE CROPS, COTTON, &c. MANCHESTER, AUGUST 14. There is but little new to report in our irade operations since Tuesday. Prices continue much the same, but the generl appearance, if possible, more dull and heavy. The weather, on the whole has been very favourable and har vesting' operations are progressing rapidly. During the whole of yesterday and to-day the glass rose with_ extra ordinary quickness, until it is now at "set fair." The accounts brought by the Britannia are by no means favourable, and the subjoined extract from the New York Courier and Enquirer is looked upon as mate. rially affecting the future state of our markets. It has been a topic of general conversation on 'Change to-day. " In relation to, the appearance of the next crop, we cannot continue to give as favourable an account as in our last report. At that date, we alluded to the favourable appearance of Lower Mississippi, Louisiana, South Ala bama, Florida, and Texas ; and that the only danger to be apprehended was, that the heavy rains which had set in there would flood the country, and render the ground inc pable of being worked; and that the naturaltendencywould be an excessive growth of the weed, causing the plant to run to stalk, as in 1840 ; and also creating an exuberance of grass, which it would be impossible to remove, and which would be fatal to the second planting, on which so much at this season depends. Since that date the" rains have continued over the greater part of the above states, and also over Georgia and South Carolina, but with little intermission. Florida and Texas being alone excepted— and, we think, the prospect now more decidedly adverse for a good yield than during the last ten years. Several correspondents write that, many plantations are com pletely submerged; while on others the squares and bolls are already rotting off, and dropping profusely. Should the rains be succeeded suddenly by a spell of hot dry weather, it will, beyond question, be fatal to the crop ; nothing but the most favourable weather during the re maider of the season, a late frost, and an entire freedom from the caterpillar, can give an average crop, and it is not likely that we shall be exempt from that epidemic, for they have appeared. already in. Clarke, Perry, and Sunter counties, in Alabama, although as yet they have committed no serious ravages. " MOVEMENTS OF COTTON IN THE UNITED STATES. Bales.' Receipts at ports at, the U. S. since Sep. 1, 1846 1,750,281 97 19 „ same period last year 2,043,070 IP If 17 17 year before 2,400,012 Exports from. U. S. since Sep. 1846 1,098,272 77 99 ~ same period last year 1,546,357 77 Of /7 year before 2,654,915 -- 77. " The receipt at this port since the Ist instant has been 31,000 bales. Exports, 10,000. Taken by spinners, 18,000; taken on speculation, 3,000; stock in city, 112,000; amount on sale, 10,000." LIST OF CABIN PASSENGERS BY THE PACKET-SHIP MONTEZUMA, Capt. Lowber, sailed 17th instant for New York :—Mrs. and Miss Tobias, Misses Briscoe, Mr. Smith and Lady, Mr. Bliss and Lady, Mrs. Jeffrey, Messrs. J. C. Chase, Wilkinson, Hollingsworth, Curtis, Cochran, Jacobs, Carruthers, Ward. Bliss,jun. ; and Miss:Bliss. RIOTING IN A CHAPEL.—A Welshman, whose name we did not learn, yesterday appeared at the police-court, charged with riotous conduct in the Welsh chapel, on Sunday evening. He was sa violent, that it was found necessary to place him in irons on arriving at the police office. Fined ss. QUICK D ESP ATCH.—The ship Lampert, belonging to Thomas Ripley, Esq., from Bombay, discharged on Thursday 2,284 bales cotton, 1,500 bags pepper, 10 tons emery stone, which were all weighed and passed through the scale in 111 hours, in the Albert Dock. The tonnage of the vessel was 614. This instance of despatch was conducted under the superintendence of H. Williams, wharfinger. CHARGE OF HOUSEBREAKING.—Yesterday, at the Police Court, five persons, named respectively John Moore, Michael Williams, Peter Duff, Mary Cull, and Sarah Maharrow, were charged with having stolen from a house in Mill Street, a silk dress, a gold brooch, and two shawls, on Saturday afternoon last. It appeared that on Saturday afternoon, the prosecutor, a young woman, went to the market, and was not away more than a quarter of an hour, but on her return she found that the articles had been stolen. Evidence was adduced to prove that the five prisoners had been drinking at a public house adjoin ing the house where the robbery was committed, during the early part of the afternoon ' and that they had been skulking about the last named house. It was further proved by a boy who came forward as a witness, that the three male prisoners were seen coming over the wall at the back of the house, and handing the articles to the two female prisoners, who were waiting outside. The articles had been pawned, but the pawnbroker not being able to attend, from indisposition, the prisoners ogre remanded thi§ day, Aug. 17,1847. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (BY EXPRESS.) LONDON CORN MARKET.—YESTERDAY. The arrivals of all articles of home growth up to our market last week, coastwise, as well as by land carriage and samples, were on a very limited scale, and the receipts from Ireland and Scotland were trifling. From abroad, however, the imports were large, viz., 66,197 qrs. of Wheat, 4,471 qrs. of Barley, 20,817 qrs. of Oats, 3,027 qrs. of Bcanq, 13,182 qrs. of Indian Corn, 76,041 barrels and 1809 sacks of Flour. Fresh up to-day, the receipts of 'Wheat of home produce Were very moderate—say about 900 quarters l 6oo of which were of the present year's growth, and of fair average quality, although the weight was by no means heavy. The large failures which oc-• carted here last week had a very prejudicial effect upon the Wheat trade, notwithstanding the heavy rains which fell in the early part of the morning. Still, however, in some instances, selected qatilities of Eng lish 'Wheat sold at prices about equal to those obtained on this day se'nnig - lit, but the middle and inferior qualities were with difficulty disposed of at a decline of Is. per quarter. At the close of the market a fair clearance had been. effected. There was a very large quantity of foreign Wheat on offer, in, for the most part, middling condition. Owing, in some measure, to the great pressure of American Flour upon the market, and the probability of a further decline in the quotations of Wheat, all kinds of Foreirio were heavy, and when sales were pressed, the quotations ruled Is. to, in some instances, 2s. per quarter lower. The Sound list shows a large number of vessels, laden with grain, bound to England. Notwithstanding the quantity of Barley brought forward was by no means large, compared with that exhibited for some weeks past, the Barley trade was heavy, at barely, but at nothing quotable beneath, last week's cur rencies. The quantity of Malt on offer was trifling in the extreme; nevertheless, the transactions in it were in retail, at barely sta tionary prices. Scarcely any English Oats were brought for ward, but the supply of Foreign was good. The Oat trade was in a very dull state, but we can notice no further decline in value. There was a.slow sale for Beans but last week's quotations were mo s tl y supporte d . , We had a very dull sale for Peas, the supply of which was' chiefly composed of the last year's growth, and prices had it downward tendency.—lndian Corn was in good supply and; heavy demand, on somewhat easier terms. The Flour trade was excessively heavy, but we can notice no actual depression in valne, although sonie of the importer's offered on lower terms. SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET.—YESTERDAY. The Beef trade was in a sluggish state, at, in some instances, a decline in the currencies obtained on this day se'nnight of 2d. per Sib. ; the highest figure for the best Scots being 4s. 4d• per sib. Nearly, or quite, the who`e of the prime Beasts we_Are disposed of ; but at least 300 of the inferior Beasts were turne`` out unsold. With Sheep we are again tolerably well supplied ; yet the Mutton trade was steady, though we cannot call it brisk, at prices about equal to those paid last week, the prime Downs realizing Is. 4d. per Slb. Veal trade firm at full prices. Pork trade in a very depressed state, but prices tolerably supported. The late Miss Colyer of Farmingham, Kent, has be queathed a legacy of £lOOO, to King's College Hospital. There are sufficient funds in the treasury of Pennsylva nia to meet the payment of the interest due in the present month of August. NORTH WARWICKSHIRE.—At the close of the poll the numbers were, for Mr. Newdegate, 2913; Mr. Spooner, 2451; and Mr. Leigh, 2284. EMIGRATION OF CHILDREN.-011 Friday the Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners gave notice at Lloyd's that they require a vessel of 400 tons to convey emigrant children to Sydney and Port Philip. SALE EXTRAORDINARY.—The Preston Guardian of Saturday last announces for sale a " mayor and foal." Any town wanting a chief magistrate will, therefore, have the opportunity of purchasing one, with a promising colt, which in time may serve for an Alderman. DOMESTIC ECONOMY—" To MAKE TROUSERS LAST." —To do this you must instruct your tailor, when he builds you a suit of clothes, to make your coat and waistcoat first, by which means he will make your trousers last.—Matt• in the Moon. THE POLISH TRIALS.—At Berlin, the proceedings of . the 3d closed at a quarter past three in the afternoon. Amongst other statements, M. Miroslawski declared that the.conspiracy was directed against Russia, and that it was not their 'intention to re-establish Poland within , its limits of 1772 ; and no projects were entertained rela tive to the Duchy of PoSen. A sham attack was projected on Posen, to put the troops on the wrong scent. EXTRAORDINARY* MODE OF ADVERTISING.—A mer cantile- house - at• Berlin has proposed to all the railway companies of Germany to supply all their carriages with silk blinds for nothing. They simply propose to reserve to themselves the right of changing the blinds as often aS they may please, and they require the companies to engage themselves not to accept during fifty years, either for money or gratuitously, any blinds but theirs. Their object is to cover the blinds with advertisements.- - Galignani's Messenger. THE ROCHESTER HEROINE.—The noble act of Sarah. Rogers, an orphan girl, who, it will be remembered, rescued a child, the infant soft of Mr. Tucker, a clerk on board the Poictiers,", by descending into a well 63 feet deep, at Rochester, has received from the Queen a dona tion of £lO, as a mark of her Majesty's gracious approval of her courage and fidelity ; and her Majesty the Queen Dowager has also been pleased to forward £25. The money raised for the poor girl will either be invested la the funds, or purchase a life annuity. THE MEXICAN WAR.—The well informed New York correspondent of the London Times says, under date of July 31,—" Yesterday the steamer Washington arrived in this port, after a passage of fourteen days and sonic hours, from Southampton. An English paper of the 15th of July, brought by the Washington, commences an article, ' The Mexican war is evidently drawing to a close.' I wish I could say I entertained a similar opinion, but I cannot. I can see no present prospect of peace, and re t it may take place in ten days. Thi s government P o l l y heartily sick of the war, and no n e more so t h an Arr. It is a ridiculous false pride that induces him to continue it. An open, frank, and manly policy would secure 8 treaty of peace in one month. Such an elevated states man as Henry Clay would soon accomplish this desirable object. I regret to add that I fear Mr. Polk is more anxious to terminate the war than Santa Anna or his ad herents, but he knows not how." NEW ZEALAND.—By advices from New 'Zealand, to the. 20th of March, we have received rather importan t intelligence. The accounts state that the land question between the natives and the Governor had been adjusted: at an interview held between his Excellency and several of the chiefs. The amount of compensation to be receive"; by the natives is £5,000 ; namely, £2,000 for the dispute(' lands - at Parra% and £3,000 for the Wairau. The moue% was to be paid down in five yearly instalments. £1,6 0 " of the amount is to be paid down this year; two payment s of £l,lOO will be made in the next two years, and the re mainder will be paid in the two following years, the last instalment being paid in 185,7. By the concession just made, the government obtain all the land from Wairau t ° the farms comprised in the New Zealand Company's limits- On the middle island, also, considerable quantities 0 " land have been given up. The natives during the dis cussion, evinced great anxiety about the release of BO Rarahu, but the government declined giving him up. THE EMIGRANT FEVER:.--According to the advice! bf oaght from America, by the Britannia, the emigrant fever, as it is termed, has lost much of its terror in Isresf York. It has not extended to the settled pOpUla" . tion. Very few have been affecntd by it, and of those few a small portion only have died. In Canada its ravages have been, and continue_ to be, most appalling. The va rious public journals concur in representing it as of an alarming character. A Montreal paper, under date of July 24, says, during the week ending that date there were 235 deaths • during the same period last year 60 ; increase 175. On Saturday there were 1,712 sick in the emigrant sheds, and 32 deaths in the preceding 24 hours- The St. John's Herald states, that of the emigrants wb° left Great Britain for Quebec alone, 4,095 never reached their destination, having died at sea or at quarantin e ; About 600 more perished at sea by shipwreck, maids' about 4,700 deaths up to the 30th June. The ship Avon: Johnston, of St. John's, was at Grosse Isle, with all th e crew and passengers sick, and 136 out of 550 dea Small-pox has again broken out on board her Majesty's troop-ship Apollo. One of the Church of England nisters, the Rev. W. Chatterton, Lieutenant Lloyd, R- 01. 1 Mr. Crispo, Captain Christian, of the ship Sisters, an several others, are also dead. IMPORTANT TRIAL IN FRANCE.—It may be recollected that, some year and a half since, aM. Dujarrier, the Ills: nager and proprietor of the Presse, Paris newspaper, killed in a duel, the circumstances of which a ppeared 5 `, / ' suspicious, that his antagonist, M. Beauvallon, was tri n for murder at the assizes at Rouen. He was, after a trig which attracted vast attention at the time, acquitted, sentenced to the payment of a large sum (20,000 f.) to the family of the unfortunate Dujarrier, as compensation e' their loss in the death of their relative. Being unable .orei unwilling to pry this sum, Beauvallon absconded. TD A principal witness in favour of Beavallon was his seco nt ! on the occasion, a Viscount Esquivilly, whose evidence, went to disprove a most important allegation, .thal,' Beauvallon had, on the morning of the duel, prepar e ! himself for the rencontre by shooting at a mark. Sin g et the trial of Beauvallon, however, other evidence, in dire ct contradiction of Esquivilly, has been obtained. He (Vs: quivilly) was in consequence arrested, and on ThursP% last brought to trial before the Court of Assize of Pall!: Grateful for his services, Beauvallon—under a protecti o 7 against the evil sentence existing against hi m —t en derer i himself as a witness for Esquivilly ; but acquitt e d hintse'a so unsatisfactorily, that he was taken into custody e n „. committed to prison to undergo pr osecu ti on f or perjurJ . This affair occasioned a great sensatio n i n P ar i s on SaV day. LIVERPOOL CATTLE MARKEI, AuG. 16. ne r , The supply of Cattle at our m ar k e t to-day has been sm a -or, than of late, and the quality, on the whole, generally infer!,,u, with a numerous attend ance o f cus t omers , any thi ng go od /e s nd, ing high prices, and, on the whole, prices higher. Beef; to 61d. per lb. ; Mutton, 6-24. to 7d. ; Lamb, qd. to 7d LIVERPOOL : TUESDAY, AUG. 17, 1847. 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