The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-08-15 00:00:00

ta...._Aavtst 15, 1848 Ktterature. NOTICES. rile L and tae toe Live in. Parts 12 and 13. London : 'this 'n Chles Kniht. ektri..,l ust rated Sketc h Book o f the British Empire is to ,so on with M r . K night ' s usual spirit, and cannot fail I,l7come a f avourite with the public. The present parts i o, jve think, ab out t h e best that have yet appeared, part 12 is we view the lit erary or t h e ill ustrate d d epartment . kid devoted to Bristol—its docks, its manufactures, P art Trninerce, of which it gives a vivid descriptiou. lee , 1 3 leads us throug h the delightful and romantic lery of the Lakes. g VARIETIES. G t/tu s babi tant A, MARCH OF INTELLECT.—Five hundred in of of th e e ,' °f Germany have " protested against h inje,.: 'earl° wires through our lands, becaus . e they are et 0 r, 3. °, 11 , s to our lives and property, and pernicious to our 4 C T] ble nt ADVANTAGE.—The following advertise house a Peears in a Dublin paper :—" If Edward Headers, Parts advertise house Pee rs who is in the habit of travelling to all e o „,',. ( 4 the country in prosecution of his business, will GoVanicate with his brother, Henry Headen, at 4E . 3, Wif e sa]lalle, Dublin it will be for his advantage, as his .tkx uead! , ' Salo n hiIIIGNANT IRlSHMAN. —lrishmen ! the base fated )""s what way he has insulted us ? Is it in ns tax, ca Hasn't he exempted us from income-tax, window t t tria ge-tax, and servant-tax ? Isn't that as much and , ell as that we have no incomes, windies, carriage . s, es wirsestic menials to bless ourselves ? Isn't it h tra re tin_ 3 Pect a b il l • t °Fri and contempt, and castin a slur on t_ u e neh. 'e uoftL Y and opulence of our illigant nation ?—P ectsti e O A ST OF THE FEMALE BRICKLAYERS.—The New fetrie''n, at thus records the death of the last of a race as th e nie tabaurers who some years ago, more especially, 1 0 th e r n :a•le is, " in the war time," were very common thr,",. n s of Newcastle Shields, and Sunderland : 30b, th is 'w l l, on the 3d instant, Mrs. Elizabeth .Johr te;_, , e last of the female bricklayers' labourers in this tlol,<Jl,bourhood : she had followed her laborious occupa i 1.0 . !oft ) , years' a nd was latterly in the employment of -IsrEllobert Rutledge. builder." AfETßrin thi ss, the Naes nclere r d more clear and colourless than by the 91 . 1 roi lsi lof tin and mercury. The silvering Tatter, v 71,11111 With . o 7 of silver held in . solution in nitric acid, and mixed Plat e " of cloves or cassia, is poured upon the back o f th e tee; L a nd the s il ver , b e i ng precipitated, adheres firmly to fareP's 3- ---so firmly, indeed, that - , it requires considerable Plst e 4 0 ,r the use of powerful acids to remove it. The et tlili lees silvered is exceedingly brilgant. byThe time tlee 4 ed is less than a fourth of that occupied the old its.V• the proce attendt more expensive, is certain in 1 1 etl; gee ts, and is ed with none , df those teyrible . la Ti es by whi c h th e li ves o f t h ose w h o are lei ed dm or p te le n ye . The i °Pe rations in which mercury is usedare s foNstwention can, moreover, be applied te glass of all tireg' Se that cups, b owls, vases, no matter how full of eattecations or angles or circular bosses they may be, the b e silvered on t h e i ns id e, an d by being so silvered The s ;ite r nally resemble cups, &c., of polished metal. s klecfne,_ l 'illg being hard and tenacious, the cups can be water without danger of its removal and used k t s !lowers. FOUNDLING ASYLIM.—The card (playing a p r . '„ uussians are inveterate gamblers) manufactory Ne e I Y"ege reserved to itself by the government, and the . tot indi ° 3 are devoted to the maintenance of the eo e extent (witi e t: n F asylum—l say colossal, not because of Ne e nowever, would justify the appellation ,) be tsbut_ e ; of the number of children registered on its books , 1 44 an '°unt, I am informed, to 15,000. These, you the Onderstand, are not foundlings in th . e . real sense of the but children (many of them illegitimate) placed s4eklin:aetlietlinetor by the poverty of their parents, or their dis rear them . A rapid increase of population gre:°st e ssential in Russia , not only on account of the :nrfael,:at:sotie o o ff human life, but from the thinly.-peePled thp - ' l , ° ' th e country ; thus, while an asylum is offer ) ? 414 "9Pless, a door is opened to immorality and . to te the most sacred of parental duties. The disrsror claims, in returnefor this privilege, the absolute t ° h al °f the unfortunate-beings thus thrown friendless vic e 1 5 world. Whit a revolting picture !"- A national Of a ek,al?lbling) is made subservient to the main enan raiikluaritable institution • which in its turn offers a pre thet, t ° Prat; otsh,.; - .guy, and to the unnatural abandonment of e`ulg by pafents.—Life in Russia. crie d ; Pr A TRADESMAN.—Vyhat is the daily life of a New, it Iradesman ? In a political and moral point_ of t ick s . , no doubt, entitled to the highest commends kith. It is a pattern of industry, punctuality, and goo ksh 11 11 t if we contemplate it under its sanitary aspect, 4.3 hind that it deserves more censure than praise. , daily life ? He rises early, and begins busi- S er a f ty el of gh b t e'clock, having opened his shop before the 11 : ; ae _ l a ! 0 . :7 -a s 1; Customers have opened their eyes. At nine litt ess halt breakfas, and immediately retunstob he Y business be is engrossed till two, when t a beefsteak, and returns again to business. At t withdraws from business for a brief interval to tea, t e '.. 'l s haring gulped down some cups of souchong, re sit°l again to business. He continues immersed in bu -1,4,'.3s till eight or nine, when he begins to think that . Vo i .e 8 . 8 may yield the place , to relaxation or amusement. 1) 4 ;1', Is the nature of this relaxation or amusement ? tat,,' l !le brace his nerves, reanimate his spirits, or circu garo blood by any gymnastic exercise, any invigorating r Nothing of the kind. If fond of literature or po l e4 s , he retires to read the last review, or study the le.ad letliartiele in the Times. If he be convivial , he str re ive o s_ haxi e few boon companions torelieceleathree.preffsure be (1 % 1 4, and escape the persecutions t o , ve lc. he seeks on the household hearth the solace of kt e ,r 3 atioe and repose. Heaven forbid that . I should 11 0 ,41)t f to de . cry the pleasures derived from society, from Me role. intellectual employment.—Lord Dalmeny s 1• 4 48 to the Middle Classes on Gymnastic Exercises. 41 3). t . 40 RALS OF T HE BRITISH ARMY.—While the I V' I n Point of morals, has stood stationary, we think, ktti oth e l's we believe are of the same opinion, that the %sap haat large has gone decidedly forward. That we are eMb i ,ellind the state to which the high standard held "N 1 mr emulation by the Gospel points, cannot, in aft4,4"' denied. The growth of population, the incre . ase 4 11 1te,"e, the vicissitudes attendant thereon, and an . relA of pauperism lead unavoidably to discon im- r 3 ch in-eri nle• And the inability both of the church and Ne ll - 0 01 to keep pace with the necessities which call for 'fie Operates as a heavy drawback on the social . . and improve of the people. Nevertheless, in times i dle -„Krative prosperity—when the mill does not stand ' 3 "4 8 .41 ' the loom lie neglected—when we have good beat.,i:_lud fair weather, and brisk markets and plenty to ~,ela"„,,would be a libel upon the age to deny that ,"'Ett,;Ltake her for all in all, is not only the most moral ereermul nations, but that she is by many degrees , ep - oral thiepthe facts t han she to be a century ago. Admittipg, as we have stated them, and assuming great bo o dy e f the people is in the main habitually t tilt e a s, l l„_ w e ll -dis - po e sed, while th . e standard of morality ti ers th at iti L Y is lamentably low, it cannot surprise us to k ti l at. 4 ° sentiment with which both officers and sol pba here in England is not one of respect.. V„ualitii t ,:l . We deprecate war, and doggedly believe in its ti l jtety We hate taxes ;we look with . a jealous eye 41hh e n l ja th yearly budget for we see in this docu ic.,4l-Is°B tesitions regularly made .. expending so many kol d e ; 4 too ) , 11 °n the military machine , and we conclude, ti`w% -as tilY that because the sole use to which the . 1 4444% 4 4 is turned seems to be the ministering to his ,n, , and the spread of vice by his . profliate ex st4ll43de'gmo'l_t•_ the so long as an . enemy is not actsally gpe le r ur shores, nor we opposing him in his own, the s e all tliself is a mere nuisance. But . in this we 4 , l 'Ns e Z• The soldier is not a . mere nuisance, even in (, 3 % 4 Profound peace. He is evidence to other na hj,el to Yoa are prepared to resen wrongs, if they be 3 4, "tl• You fro broad •he is the best supporter of b alld . of such raa as administer the law, should its t lit•eatened . at home. He is well worth his sj ilti ti .'eu he be trained to do . e. his duty • not merely as hoP 6 but as a public servant 'likewise. The e 1 1, therefore, for us to ask is, whether or qts tae d 'arY body is such as we culd wish it to be ? 3, 4 114 41 11 Possible respect for the n courage and parade 11'0 4 ; 'or which is renwnede are co tr dto letiNforlvictionit o ot , that it is n.— w Frazer's ns Mag n a e zine. t he. t he "DEGElVERATE?—ManYper . sonsunae uainted ltilZ.lsoul'owerful influence of exercise, will ci ttribute a e innate ' l- ed, llo ritcerflll exploits of our ancestors to s9mAc 'llisj;llt ?I the ancient over the modern nations. e ra. Sall eou actini i lern the physical powers of man bav en g re Having thus settled to their own ti a ' I ' that man is doomed by the fiat of fate to t h e e P i silti si a l;l tie generacy, and having thus made Providence 11 4: eseh e for that inferiority, which is the offspring of t tl4-la'rd si °th, they quietly resign . themselves to what h e !Is their inevitable destiny, or ensure its fulfil pet,,deolla life of sensuality and inaction. This notion u of . s lili ti ttoe er aay ef man is an inveterate and antiquatedts it !ih; Bl.l lbb r , - 9 1 1 t though superannuated and worn . ou , vttll th e -1111 Y retains a decrepit vitality. It had its on di4l(ldsearliest and will, probably, survive to the latest . litVey,var the world. Men have displayed, and ever will kshMspaLtt.lige delight in exaltin their predecessors, t ° , 1 44 1 ; i t Til_g their . contemporaries. Homer . set the g 3 * v es a l p" !adopted by his successors, is continued by I)4°, l si eb, (4,, will be perpetuated by our posterity. _ Nqrlo4 t ° : Poets . are no ground . for the conclusions of i llth 8 4d o • This idea of a continual physiTl degene '4?;43tett O s ull), which is supported by no evidence and j ,Y no facts. It belongs to the region of chi - 41 ; There is a degeneracy of habits, but 143 , - ;, l) °V ° Y °f Nature That the artificial habits of a t h , l a 0f rnankindmay have enervated their frames Ne." 3 kitg e ,,l but the capabilities of the human frame, ItiYe le l3 l . 4%""Y trained are equal to what they were in the ‘ 4 ial s off SOCietT E lishmen are born with all the 'lat . ttcti • • Englishmen lons 'MY and strength possessed by the . prim!- ' l % tied' have seen a few specimens of ancient cui etelt% th ese were so narrow, that but few of my t !ltp,' at t Z could wear them. The' Greeks and Romans eoe4ePt, smaller men than the inhabitants of nor silt; to thp r',es• Their historians make constant allu ted 4 , 0 -- %%antic size of the Tuetonic nations. Yet ` 4o rd t rete k r ° ll nd for concluding that we have degene- Ne e Egiitire stature and bulk of our forefathers. At 'loy:hitns°lYl ournament, scarcely a knight could 1 : 13 pe e l. into the corslets of the middle as. A ' 3 a °le whiltnellt a s made by the late Sir Samuel the defers Pesessed the finest collection of armour . in i re ti efen s i ve tO 1115 the hung sixty complete suits, once 1 131 4 11) Pos ed areas of that heroic chivalry, of whom we tried • 1, 1% , to be the dwarfish and degenerate descpn -41141 °ll °f h is guests, Englishmen of average size, tet t Pe h ie el,whole sixty in succession, and encountered htte al ode: z e ," . ease. The chests and shoulders of the ef- Ply of .Were found too brawny and broad for the aues tors.—Dalmeny on Gymnastics' mast 15,1848. ,IGENCB. CARLISLE, AVG. rnd a Special Jury' t DATIONS OF A Ilse ght by Mr. Wi lkith ; V of Cumberland, NA icumbent, a sum roar .pidations. £6O bad an ample sum for an„ rectory had been Or nd the present rector, ole of the wood WO itbuildings in a b a l e , d ss was Me. Ward amount for requisi!e! late of Mr. G. Itobi '. Armstrong , £155. sses were calle d to sll,, to complete repair f°,1,,, he jury returned d on Saturday at 1.4 90 4 Py to say, is light. 5 '• G. Hesketh, thr' )ok place in the forents! solidating the bankruPll, the power a arrest tsien which took place, iancellor incidentsllY' a plan would bead,P courts would be reau :e of Brunswick All g . aside an instrum ro iardian of the Pr ° P e de have confirmed the, that as the matter,ri'll foreign sovereign therefore, be no de FAIRS. Lntmadverts on the '4t 3 Railway h a re stof reports. tpon having the rail! 'nod indeed th e t tl i • The last arch 0.4, he course of the Pre' er and Carlisle PI discussion of th : ears to have incre,9:o 7 matter, is the re 9 1 Preston. A di° re 4 hird share was decOty o the directors for reston question. OP ENGINE DRIVE ni l :s, at Tunnel En° , f og river and s toker fig iiii and had left the e 4,007 ame is Rhodes., the engine, an° , hi liee ose-grove, were„ the r Rhodes had 1, and finding the el l ' o ci uch vexed, and _F„,OO • obstruct the eng.,'"heil• I, with a truck 01; tbe des was throw') o.efe hs broken. The re 31 1 ' mes ; hi s brotheroffty on, th e engineer oelP of whom fo r tted for trial. col' On Friday a T e " r il the price of se% tl 5 to cause of this 1 , 0 0 a of the leading 001 n opinion considechol Terence. The d e n 0 e), )g of the Len d° ,l - to' l iy being reduce olv gent. per annuroV sent the shares °rod been fora e e t iermanently so,PF pital invested nssteeit .ase merits, be eta bi able extent can, 0 0 1 es and extensios'r!' rs in that and t oe s not to th rew If a panic which tote id sustain for 0 :RN DIVIDEND. .! re satisfaction of , i d le meeting on fri;.? Lona' fide ascert 3 ' l o f p for show by s' L i,d gh, or ta species enerals of ip thirrl' c h , a tors had condesee° the ninal dividend fo'ci the ately endangcr e t iot , ly trusted rePeliii, a nd have been the ef',P,,o Fe of conduct in t that they have tas.,,, true prudence, in r`, unexaggc rated star.., brances, and loolq; us year, is a posiP nselves,bave the 10°.',./, Rect;, s.—On MondaY, ,h, remises of the o,rLiot ston Station, ..,.`",;:vei fired in the o° B ' of ed into the T :rues n g on Friday a Ip l o y e d on the ,Pot had been a llegeO ; 0 . to use the clessc:t!'the cing the wag bei 4 so far from tW tv t o y i ns t a nce, str ic i engine-drivel 04 red as vaca uel' t that it is 0°,',40,8 • directors to these classe s. d af et; r." On Tar, so a on the Lollavere, the RailwaYA, ; be' uestion Pee"` ° oe 6Y James Brollllcbsit' )resent. h e n ce r e ' ed the griesl seci ce F wages propo f locomotivesi'ot oo; our wages, t h e re background the a to ing subjeete tenov,., rariety of st e , be pqo resulted tO the cornlo)decl t t" h e men in taeel'a s v/ Chairman t he 0 tt negott •aC oes. b e T ese differal tho the whole led their rest Kat 03,0° n, stating yueecl ad been be flied t esentation• _to an d were Jet' 00 0 P, va ter for 3 1. just been P 0 0 1 &sq., M . r e ste r ter ig e is a gre,abe nex t shows tt he s ll if avoiding Yste railway oten tio oo( o to . i tis my „is ,s e su m tootbe Or' en uge uloo obi .° t he inuonsa ° ,, g " tand lig souto etroP° an d the the GrfSo ;lam!, thi", h e ode of 01 w ith mcurrentlY Doll; leading, T e d h all 'l7 1111 a naiS; ut lines er . t, be ,!, ad, I a,,dar°ajd be ,han rt e broa d OA ring the . „ ust be linalr,na pa d gauge o'expeol at ail tbli pang' f wore ro c( ag e) o the or ,t ? ?ad, leY Neff` tee" 0, 3-third e c.. could 01 0 r, ., w i t h t . lif their ohie,e_b vdii° • hope iv olverhaniP4l'etptllo. south ena s 'd e bY often to 01,0„,stoea. from 130'"rtrictst Ith coast the )c saved the e heal l ; obviously „or), • -nteres' e r' albite 1 t Wes e t the Ocolmitteesi,d ex I tend tile a d I,to ) A u, it , 3 one he other. . e ste., thus wilt avolo• it carefe ~',o„dot! ;e between. •the, )rely g et- . I.l° of tb :i be slop „ce that introol..et tern id at it c° D a loe cor'.o It is the s t a m i x ed g 1 1° bo, f a bl eak' cor e ills 0 is 0 .b o range at po this ennW9l”.), ti a ra le and ri'vistao aPP IY th iaes ' v°tl o it thenise-- „Diet timed Pawr -] LORD JOHN AND THE MISR CMIRCH. " What is truth ?" Is it the doctrine at the Protestant, the Catholic, the Apostolic Church of Irelands Or is , it that of Popery ? Or is there any truth at all ? Can Lord John, can Sir George Grey answer this question ? If we are to gather their answer from their speeches during the debate on the state of Ireland, it will be something to this effect—" What is truth, Mr. Bull, will, in every country, depend very much upon what the majority of the people choose to consider truth. We are willing to believe that the doctrine of the Established Church is truth, and we shall at any time be happy to find it so. But since, unfortunately it does so happen, that in Ire land the great mass of the population has been taught to look upon the doctrine of the Church as a lie, and upon the Church herself as a nuisance, and since they have a belief of their own, we incline to think that in Ireland Popery is truth, at least to a very great extent." And is this, we most humbly inquire, says the John Bull, the notion which Ministers of the Crown, profess ing to be Christians, professing to believe in the revela tion of the God of truth. ought to have of the truth thus divinely revealed ? We shall be answered, " Yes," and be told as bigots, that the question is not one of divinity, but of policy ; and that the noble lord and the right lion. baronet speak, not as Christians but as statesmen, when they intimate their belief that the Church of Ireland is a serious grievance to the Roman Catholics, or, to use the Premier's own pointless circumlocution, that " the en dowment of the Clergy of the minority of the people, chile there is no endowment of the Clergy of the majori ty, is a just subject of complaint with the people of Ire land." Receiving this insidious statement—insidious as coming from the first adviser of the Sovereign, who, by the solemn obligation of an oath, is bound to uphold the church of the minority, and whose " reconciliation" to the church of the majority involves the forfeiture of the crown—we might ask Lord John Russell if he is aware that the clergy of the majority are a body of men intruded into the kingdom for the express purpose of alienating the ignorant multitude from the faith as well as the institutions of the country ; that the existence of these politico-religious agitators was the curse of Ireland before the Act of Union ; that, fur ther, in the Act of Union the maintenance of what he is pleased to call the clergy of the minority is specifically guaranteed by a solemn national compact ; and, lastly, that when the Roman Catholics of the empire sought admit tance to an equality, not of civil rights only, but of politic 1 power, with their Protestant fellow-subjects, the question as to the maintenance of the Irish church was expressly raised, being one of the greatest impediments to the con cession sought for ; and that thereupon the Roman Catho lics, priests and laity, solemnly declared that they had no wish to interfere with the maintenance of the Protestant church, or to procure an endowment for their own—a de claration embodied in the oath, which Roman Catholics, on their admission to the legislature, take, as a supposed guarantee for the security of the Protestant establishment ? All this we might ask—and it is sufficiently humiliating that the First Minister of the Crown should lay himself open to such questions—but we forbear. We have another, and a more stringent question to ask of the noble lord. Does his Lordship know what the meaning of a Church is ? Has he capacity —we beg his pardon for the necessary plainness of our interrogatory—to comprehend that the Church is the living representative and teacher of God's eternal verity ? that an Established Church is that living representative and teacher, acknowledged by the State in all the high authority whic h a Divine Commission confers, and set to work to instruc; the people in those principles of religion and morality which, as they alone can make them acceptable in the eyes of their Maker, can alone render them good and loyal citizens ? If Lord John Russell can understand this, then let him for a moment face this great element of national life, a national faith founded upon everlasting truth, and let him ask himself whether the hesitation to maintain the established Church, and the suggestion to endow a Clergy inculcating deadly error in opposition to that Church, is not more suitable on the lips of a renegade to his country's faith, and an enemy to his country's weal, than on the lips of him who, as the chief councillor of our beloved Sovereign, ought to be the " defender " of that faith, and the guardian of that weal ? Has Lord John Russell eyes ? If he has, let him look abroad. Let him compare the condition of the country which he so haughtily misrules, which is so deeply hum• bled by the high position he holds in her, with the condi tion of other countries where Popery is the endowed religion ,of the State —or, if he will, of countries where every religion is endowed. Or if his statesmanlike vision does not carry far enough to enable him to institute this comparison, let him look at home, and compare the con dition of Ireland with that of England—Or that of the Priest-ridden Popish population of Ireland with the Pro testant population of that same country. And if Lord John Russell cannot, after all this, see cause to uphold the Irish Church Establishment—and not only to uphold it, but to strengthen its hands, until the religion which it teaches shall have reached the minds and hearts of the majority of the Irish people, all we can say is, that his intellectual capacity is more hopeless than we are at pre sent willing to believe. SKETCHES IN PARIS DURING THE LATE - INSURRECTION. (From Blackwood's Magazine.) A NIGHT SCENE. See here ! the bands of united men assembling by night, and marching silently through the sleeping streets; then shouting and tossing up their arms in defiance; then the rising barricades, all bristling with bayonets • then the national guards and troops pouring through the streets; the smoke of the Ming; the mass of uniforms mounting the barricades ; the tottering falling men ; the confusion ; the bodies strewn hither and thither, of wounded and dead ; the struggle, hand to hand, upon the barricades ; of the blouse with the uniform of the national guard,—fury and hatred between fellow-countrymen in each face ; the cavalry dashing down the boulevards ; the cannon rapidly dragged along ; the tottering houses bat tered down ; and then the biers slowly borne upon sad men's shoulders, supporting the dying or the dead; the carts filled with corpses ; the wounded, upon straw littered down on the pavement, attended by the doctor in his common black attire, contrasting with the pure white cap and pinners of the neurs de charite : the uniforms, now smeared! with blood and blackened by smoke, mingling with the long dark dress and falling white collar of the administering priest. See ! now again, in the midst of the carnage and uproar and smoke, the young soldier of the day, the Garde Mobile, borne on the shoulders of bis comrades, and waving in his hand the banner which he has wrested with valour from the hands of the insurgents on the barricade; and women, even in the midst of the terror and dismay, fling down flowers from the windows upon the heads of these young defenders of their country —the perfume of the flower mingling with the scent of stifling powder-smoke and the rank taint of blood. THE MORNING AFTER THE FIGHT. But the sun is shining still, and the - little birds are twittering merrily upon the house-tops, and the caged canaries chirp at windows, and perchance there is the merry laugh of children. All these things heed not the terror and desolation of that city. It is shining still — into huge c!iurches also, where thick masses of straw are littered down, and the wounded lie in hundreds to over flowing—into courts, where again is scattered straw, and again groan wounded and dying—upon street side pave ments, where again are strewn these sad beds of the vic tims of civil co'itention, excited by the most frantic of delusions—and through narrow windows, into prison vaults and palace cellars, where are crowded together masses of prisoners, who, for the most part, regret not the part they have played in the scenes of blood, and sit gloomily upon the damp stone, brooding over schemes of vengeance upon the detested bourgeois, should they escape, and .he Red Republic ever be triumphant ! A SKETCH OF WARLIKE EVENTS. But there are stillstirring, striking, unaccustomed scenes limned in the Parisian Sketch-book. Paris has been declared in a state of siege by the military autocrat, into whose hands the salvation of the capital and the country from utter anarchy has been given. The scenes of marching men and torrents of bayonets coming down the broad boulevards, and sentinels at street corners, and patrols, and military manoeuvres, and galloping dragoons, and of drums beaten from daybreak until late into the night, are nothing new to Paris ; such scenes have been traced upon its Sketch-book again and again, for the last four disastrous months. But Paris has gone further now. See ! in these sketches it represents one vast vista of the boulevards where whole regiments are bivouacing : the horses of the cavalry are stabled upon straw along the pavements, or around the triumphal arches ; arms are piled together at street corners : some sleep upon the straw, while others watch as if in battle array. The shops are still shut, although pale faces look from the windows ; and the grateful inhabitants shower blessings upon those who have saved the terrified people . from the horrors of the Red Republic, the pillage, and the guillotine ; and ladies bring out food and wine from the houses ; and none think that they can find words enough to express their gratitude, and praise the heroism of their defenders. Alas ! those who fought in that evil desperate cause showed equal heroism, equal courage, still more reckless rage ! What a strange scene it is, this scene sketched in the streets ! The closing scene of a battle-field of un exampled courage amidst a peaceful population—the sol dier and the tenderly nurtured lady placed side by side amidst the wounded and the weary ! the mourning of the bereaved family upon the same spot with the first emotion of victory ! Since the agitated and disturbed , city of Paris has existed, it has witnessed many wild and strange scenes in its bloody and tormented history, but none per haps so glaring in their strange contrasts as these which have been last painted in its Sketch-book. APOLOGY FOR SMITH O'BRIEN.—The courage of Mr. Smith O'Brien in slinking, under the fire of the police at Boulagh-eommon, among the cabbages in Widow Cormack's garden, may be questioned, but it is to be remembered that the hero, if he crept out of the way of the bullets, betrayed no fear of the slugs.—Punch. STATISTICS OF MARRIAGE.—In the year 1845, of 143,743 marriages, 129,515 were performed according to the rites of the established church, and 14,228 not accord ing to those rites. Of the latter number there were 9,997 marriages in registered places of worship, 3.977 in super intendent registrars' offices, 180 marriages of Jews, and 74 of Quakers. In the first year of the reports of the Registrar-General (1838) the number of marriages cele brated otherwise than at church was only 4,280 ; in the fifth year (1841) it was 8,125 ; in the ninth year (1845) it had increased to 14,228. Women, as is known, marry earlier than men : 6,287 men and 19,376 women, married in 1845, were under 21 years of age. A greater number of widowers marry again than of widows. Of the persons married in 1845, 18,176 (or 12 64 per cent.) were widowers, and 12,369 (or 8.69 per cent.) were widows. A large proportion of the persons married sign with their marks, notwithstanding the great increase of education. In 1845 there were 47,665 (or 33.2 per cent.) and 71,229 women (or 49.6 per cent.) who signed with their marks. THE LI/ERPOOL STANDARD. enteral liftiatllann. Prince Albert has consented to lay the foundation stone of the docks at Grimsby, in October. A vessel arrived in the Thames, from Dublin, has brought 360 railway shovels, as a portion of her car o. Is land and Tuesday a sand-barge sunk between Cardigan and Mount ;it was loaded with sand. The two men on board, father aad son, were drowned. Among the articles for sale at a recent Wesleyan bazaar at Beverly, Yorkshire, was a fine sheep, which was con tributed by a farmer, and which readily found a purchaser. On Saturday a labouring man named Fell, killed him self at Barrow, in Low Furness,by incautiously drinking a quantity of cold water whilst in a state of perspiration. The riotings among the English and Irish labourers at Doncaster were renewed last week, and were only quelled by the interference of the military. The leaders in the disturbances have been arrested and punished. A respectable widow lady named Corbett, living near Stratford, died on Monday through grief, occasioned by the unexpected absence of her two boys, who, however, were brought home to her before her death. The John 0' Groat Journal states that a short time ago a gentleman residing near Dingwell, on opening a bag of guano, discovered amongst the manure the body of a pen guin, perfectly entire. It appears, from a return just made to Parliament, that the declared value of British machinery and millwork, ex ported from the United Kingdom in the year ended on the sth of January last, was 1,263,015. At Monmouth, on Wednesday, Mathias Kelly, private in the 14th regiment, was convicted of the wilful murder of his mistress, Agnes Hill, at Newport, on the 26th of May last, by shooting her, and sentenced to death. The Smoke Prohibition Bill, which stood for a second reading in the House of Commons, on Wednesday, was withdrawn, Lord Morpeth expressing a hope that some measure would be brought forward early next session. THE TRAGEDY AT PENRITH.—Joseph Todd was tried before Mr. Justice Cresswell, at Carlisle, on Wednesday last, for the murder of Joseph Jackson, at Penrith, on the 28th ult. The jury returned a verdict of Not Guilty. An early rising club has been established at Farringdon, in Berkshire, and the members have regularly assembled thrice a-week during the present summer, at an early hour of the morning, for the purpose of amusing themselves by playing cricket before breakfast. With a view of putting a stop to the nefarious practices of a set of scamps, a plan is in agitation for registering every picture that may be painted. The registry being effected by the artist, the forgery of the registrations mark would be felony. Mr. Charles Griffin, the writer of the pamphlet on the Stoneleigh Abbey case has been held to bail for a libel on Lord Leigh. At Coventry Assizes, on Wed nesday, Mr. Robert Astill, printer, was committed in default of bail for publishing a handbill containing a libel on his lordship. PRESENT TO MDILE. JENNY LIND.—On Friday, very massive silver salver was presented to Mdlle. Jenny Lind by the committee of the Hospital for Consumption, as an expression of gratitude for her having given a con cert for the benefit of the institution, by which nearly £lBOO was realised. The last new scheme of Mr. Feargus O'Connor is a grand sweep of 10,000 members at is. each, for four free hold houses, with votes. The prospectus announces that democratical associations are formed in districts to issue shares—all moneys received to be paid into the National Labour Bank. . FORTUNATE NEWSMAN.—A carrier of the Bristol Mercury has recently had the good luck to obtain pos session of family property to the extent of about £l2OO. An advertisement of ' next of kin" met his eyes some seven years since, which induced him to institute inquiries, and subsequently led to the commencement of a legal suit. At the Warwick Assizes, on Monday, eleven Irishmen and two Irishwomen were tried for a riot and savage as sault on the police in the execution of their duty, at Bir mingham, on the 18th of June. Two were acquitted and eleven were convicted. Of the latter, two were sentenced to three months' imprisonment, and the remainder to six months' imprisonment. A singular fire occurred on the premises of Mr. T. Hird, Tottenham-court-road, London, on Tuesday. Through beating, sorrig Indian wool, a particle ignited by being beat upwards to the gas, and the spark having com municated with the bulk of the material, the whole was ahnost lfistantaneously in flames, and several hundred weight consumed;i%, A mail-guard, of the name of Taylor, on the Caledonian Railway, thought on Thursday, after the train had left Edinburgh, that the couplings of some of the carriages were not properly attached, and in his anxiety that all should be correct, got down from his seat for the purpose of examining them, when unfortunately he slipped over betwixt the carriages, and was killed on the spot. EFFECTS OF DRUNKENNESS:OD Thursday, a fellow in Stourbridge, having drunk himself into a state of ine briety and spent all the money he had about him, has tened home. and, seizing his wife's boots and a loaf that had been purchased for his children's dinner, went and hawked them at the various shops, and offered the loaf, which cost 9d., for 7d., with the avowed purpose of spend ing the money in the intoxicating draught. STEAM CONVEYANCE TO AUSTRALIA.—The communi cation between this country and Australia will now be reduced to a period of about two months. The govern ment have entered into a contract with the India and Australian Mail Packet Company for this purpose. The Oriental Company convey out to Singapore in forty-two days, and the Australian Company from Singapore to Sydney in twenty-five days. The growing value of our A H.trsP.. *Ma .fta-a-os. ft oo..a.t. cb -row, important one. EXPENDITURE OCCASIONED BY CHARTlsm.—Among the items of expenditure, occasioned by the Chartist folly, is to be reckoned the support of the families of the Char tist convicts. According to the British Banner, Jones has a wife and three children ; Sharp, a wife and two children ; and Williams, a wife and two children ; all of whom are in the greatest distress; their only hope being the workhouse, unless Chartist patriotism should (which is very unlikely, seeing it could not maintain itself) raise a fund for their support. An elderly gentleman named Mr. John Lambert, of Hull, arrived at Bridlington station on Wednesday, by the evening train, which had so nearly stopped that the rate of motion was almost nothing, when Mr. Lambert attempted to alight. He had placed one foot on the plat form, had the other on the step of the carriage, and with one hand held the handle of the same vehicle, when by the almost expended momentum of the train he was thrown backward, and fell between the platform and the wheels of the carriage, which proceeded only about three yards, and then stopped. He only lingered about an hour. _ _ _ FIRST TRIAL OF BARON VON RATHEN'S LOCOMOTIVE CARRIAGE BY COMPRESSED-AIR ON COMMON ROADS. —We are informed, that a first and successful trial of this carriage was made on Wednesday. The carriage which is about 3 tons weight, travelled from Putney College to Wandsworth (about one mile), from beginning to end, with a uniform and regular speed of about eight miles per hour; and there is no doubt that it would have continued to run for 10 or 12 miles, as was originally intended, but for an unfortunate accident in charging the reservoir (a combination of cylindrical tubes), to a too high degree of pressure in the course of the test, by which the greater part of those tubes were impaired. SINGULAR AND SPEEDY RECOVERY OF PROPERTY. — A few weeks back a fisherman, whilst traversing the river near Peterborough in his boat, hooked up a bundle, tied in a coarse towel, with three large stones attached to it. On opening the parcel it was found to contain mortgage deeds to the amount of £2,000, as well as other securities. Enquiry was made, and the owner was found to be a curate near Ely, who had been travelling the day before the discovery, to., Peterborough and lost his trunk, in which were the documents found by the fisherman. It is believed that the trunk was stolen, and that the thief finding the deeds of no use to him, had thrown them into the river. ATTEMPT TO MURDER A POLlCEMAN.—Yesterday week a violent attack was made upon a police sergeant, at Bristol. A warrant had been issued for the apprehension of a man named Stallard, who had stolen some iron. When the constable (Whitby) went to the house of Stallard's father, in St. Philip's district, he found the offender, and desired him to surrender, which he refused to do, and was seized by the o ffi cer. A struggle ensued between them, and the prisoner's father, brother, and others came up and attacked him. One of them wrested his staff from him and struck him with it across the face, breaking a tooth. One of the assailants finally struck the constable a heavy blow with a stone which rendered him insensible. He was conveyed to the Infirmary, and being dangerously ill, his depositions were taken. The principal offenders are in custody. WHIRLWIND AND WATERSPOUT.—On Thursday week, a whirlwind and waterspout did considerable mischief on the Brighton race-course. Several booths were blown down and three men considerably injured, and an immense quantity of glass, crockery, and other moveables were destroyed. The following is an extract from a letter re ceived in this town from a gentleman at Brighton : " On Thursday the Brighton race-course was visited with a waterspout and whirlwind, which carried away a dozen booths, washing me in its course down a delve. Four persons were so seriously hurt that they had to be carried to the hospital, and eight or ten were more or less injured." An action for seduction was tried at the Guildford assizes, on Tuesday. The plaintiff was Anne Brown, who pleaded the loss of the services of her niece, Mary Brown, the female seduced, and the defendant was a Mr. Joshua Yardley. The plaintiff was in a humble station, her niece living with her as a servant. The defendant was the son of a highly respectable and wealthy gentleman in the county of Berks. The seduction, it appeared, had been effected under a promise of marriage, which was broken unceremoniously after the birth of a child, the result of the intercourse. Damages of £2OO were only given, the circumstances which seemed to weigh with the jury being that the defendant was only nineteen years of age at the time he accomplished his purpose, the female being nearly thirty, and that his friends had prohibited marriage with her. THE TRON TRADE.—The iron trade generally about Dudley, and the adjustment of wages to the price of iron particularly, are progressing satisfactorily. It will be recollected that in consequence of the reduction of the price of iron proposed at the preliminary meeting held at Stewponey, a reduction of the wages of the men to the amount of 20 per cent. was deemed necessary. In many instances this reduction was acceded to, in others it was opposed ; but we are happy to state that a mutual consi deration for each other's interests appears now to be the governing motive by which a great portion of both masters and men are influenced. In the district south of Dad ley it: is agreed that, in consequence of the improved state of the iron trade, the reduction of wages shall be only 8, instead of 20 per cent. At the collieries.tbe price of coal has been reduced to the iron works I. per ton, and 6d. for slack. These reductions, bowevor, are made only to the iron works. George Chilton, Esq., Q.C., a leader of the South Wales Circuit, has presented the handsome sum of twenty five guineas to the funds of the Carmarthenshire Infir mary. We understand this is a portion of the £5OO received by the learned counsel as damages from the Croydon Railway Company, for having falsely imprisoned him, the whole of which Mr. Chilton has divided amongst various charitable institutions. _ _ _ SHOCKING OCCURRENCE.—On Monday, three re. spectable youths at Bath got possession of a pistol from a garret in the house of the father of one of them, and knowing it was loaded, snapped it off several times with out discharging it. They then went to get the flint fas tened on, and, whilst playing with it as before, the pistol went off, and the contents lodged in the head of an infant sitting Lear, who died next day. The jury brought in a verdict of " Death by misadventure," but the coroner severely reprobated the practice of persons allowing loaded firearms to be within the reach of children. MALICIOUS PROCEEDING.—RecentIy the remains of Miss Mary Sandell, of Cheddar, Somerset, were disinter red, and an inquest held upon them, at the instance of Mr. John Sandell and Mr. Edmund Sandell, her brothers, who openly asserted that their sister had been poisoned by her nephews, Mr. Albert and Mr. Caleb Hill. She had left her money to them, which gave rise to this im putation upon them. Mr. Herapath, however, to whom the viscera and intestines were submitted for inspection, declared that there was no trace of poison, and the jury returned a verdict of " Natural Death," accompanying their verdict with an expression of indignation at the conduct of the parties who had instituted the proceedings without the slightest foundation for so acting. PARRICIDE. — On Saturday a young man, named John Parker, was committed to the Castle, at Lincoln, to take his trial at the ensuing assizes, on a charge of having murdered his father. On the 19th ultimo, the deceased was found dead in his house, with a gun-shot wound in his body, sufficient to cause death. Circumstances arose which led to suspicion falling upon the prisoner; but at the inquest, held the following day, the jury, after a lengthened inquiry, came to the conclusion that there was not sufficient evidence to justify them in returning a ver dict of guilty against the prisoner, and he was conse quently discharged. The inhabitants not being satisfied, a further investigation was made, which resulted in the committal of the prisoner. IMPORTANT SALE OF HUNTERS.—On Thursday, Aug. 3d, a most valuable stud of hunters was disposed of by public auction, sst Bretherton's Repository, Pershore street, Birmingham. A great number of noblemen and gentlemen from various parts of the country were present. The premises in Pershore-street, now occupied by Mr. Bretherton, are seuwid tu none in the kingao,..., 12... g re plete with every convenience as a repository, in an excel lent situation, and bidding fair to be the principal mart for the sale of horses in this country. The following were the principal sales. The Duke, 175 guineas • Goliah, 330 guineas ; Caledonia, 180 guineas ; The Friar, guineas ; Baron, 155 guineas ; Fox, 150 guineas ; Neddy, 170 gui neas ; Milkman, 125 guineas •, Bendigo, 360 guineas ; Storm, 180 guineas; Lady Parker, 90 guineas; Billy, 95 guineas ; Jimmy, 215 guineas ; Rose Bud, 60 guineas. DEATH OF CAPTAIN MARRYAT, C.B.—This distin guished officer and novelist expired at his seat, Langham, county Norfolk, on Wednesday, the 9th instant, after a long and painful illness, caused by the bursting of a succession of blood-vessels, in the 56th year of his age. Captain Marryat was second son of the late Joseph Mar ryat, Esq., of Wimbledon House, Surrey, and married Catherine, only daughter of the late Sir Stephen Shairp, Bart., N. 8., by whom he leaves a family of six children. When at Hastings, in the month of February last, Capt. Marryat read the account of the total loss of Her Majesty's ship Avenger, in which his eldest son perished. For some time it was feared the shock would have been fatal. Capt. Marryat's talents as a writer are too well known, and his services as an officer have been too lately laid before the public to require any further comment. COLONISATION SOCIETY.—On Thursday, a meeting, attended by several noblemen and persons of influence, wrs held at Brighton, for the purpose of disseminating the views of th e S oc i e ty for the Promotion of Colonisation. Some Chartists were also present. The High Constable was called to the chair. The first resolution, moved by the Hon. F. Scott, was as follows :—" That, considering the distressed condition of a large number of the labouring population of the United Kingdom, and the extensive and remunerative field which our colonial possessions present for their employment and relief, it is the opinion of this meeting that immediate steps are expedient, with a view to nn organised and well-regulated system of emigration." The resolution was seconded by Earl Nelson, in a long and excellent speech, in which the noble earl was greatly applauded. At an early part of the meeting one of the Chartists called out, " I suppose you want to transport us." " Certainly," replied Mr. Scott, "we want to transport you with a change from poverty in England to plenty in Australia." ' THREE PERSONS SHOT.—On yesterday week the town of Dundee and its neighbourhood were thrown into excite ment by a report (which proved to be true) to the effect that a man and two women had that morning been shot, by an inhabitant of the place, and that the women were dead. The name of the man is Whitcross, a weaver. It appeared that he and two women had been drinking to gether at Lochee, and at a very early hour in the morning, and when on their way back to Dundee, the woman entered a potato field, belonging to a man named Elder, and pulled up two or three shaws, which Whitcross observing told them to desist. As he was speaking a gun was fired, and one of the women cried out that she was shot. She ran some distance but soon after expired. Whitcross was also wounded, and fainted. He is still in a precarious state. The other woman was slightly wounded. It appeared that Elder bad had his garden robbed. kpro• we,m, Etna hau threatened to shoot the first person he found attempting to steal. On being apprehended he confesses the act. He is 65 years of age, is possessed of a good deal of property, and is much respected in Lochee. A LUCKY EMIGRANT. — About sixteen years ago, a young man, named J. B. Graham, came down from Lon don to Sheffield, as an upholsterer, with Mr. Eadon, of the latter town. Soon after he was induced to emigrate to Australia, where, step by step, he advanced, and about four years ago a scheme was set on foot for working a rich copper mine that had been discovered about 100 miles from Adelaide. Mr. Graham had information on the sub!, ject which gave him confidence enough to embark in it all the money he could raise. He took a considerable num ber of shares of £5 each, and now owns about one-sixth of the whole concern. This is the Burra Burra Copper Mine, where much of the ore yields from 60 to 70 per cent. of copper. It is already an extensive and most pro fitable undertaking, and is likely to be for many years to come increasingly advantageous. It is worked by several hundred Cornish miners, and preparations are in progress for smelting ore on the spot. This will render available a great quantity of less productive ore, which would be worth about £lO per ton in England, but on account of the cost of the carriage, is comparatively worthless there. Mr. Graham's shares already produce him about £16,000 a-year. He is now on a visit to England, and has this week been in Sheffield, where he has received the hearty congratulations of his old friends on the brilliant success which has attended his industry and enterprise at the Antipodes. TRADE RETURNS. — The trade and navigation accounts for the six months ending the sth of July, were presented to Parliament on Thursday. So far as regards the import trade, and the consumption of all the great articles of commerce, which mainly contribute to the revenue, or to the comforts of the people, the accounts continue to show very good results. In the last month embraced in the tables, there continues to be an increase of consumption. Tea, coffee, tobacco, spirits, and sugar maintain the high rates of consumption of last year ; and tea, in particular, shows a considerable increase. The exports of the coun try continue to show, however, the same very great falling off that they have done in former months—so far as value is concerned. The comparison of the last month, ending the sth of July, is thus : EXPORTS 1846 1847 1848.... And for the six months ending the same day, the amounts are : - - 1846 1847 25,394,243 1848 21,571,939 When speaking of the last returns of a similar kind—allu sion was made to the fact, that whereas the returns in question represent the actual value at the time of ship ment, they must necessarily be acted upon materially by change of circumstances from time to time. It is certain, therefore, that with the present very low prices of commo dities, and especially of manufactured articles, the quan tity shipped will not be diminished in anything like the same proportion as the reduced value would indicate ; and this is more apparent from the fact, that with the excep tion of seven articles, all those in the list show a reduction in the amount of value exported. MR. BURGE, LATE COMMISSIONER OF BANKRUPTCY• —On Tuesday last, in the County Court at York, an ap plication was made by Mr. William Burge, who was re cently one of the Commissioners of the Leeds District Court of Bankruptcy, for an interim order for his dis charge from prison under the provisions of the sth and 6th Victoria, chap. 116, and 7th and Bth Victoria, chap, 96. The insolvent was supported in his application by Mr. Blanshard, barrister, and opposed by Mr. J. H. Hill, who was instructed on behalf of several detaining creditors. The case was argued at erect length on both sides, Mr. Blanshard contending that the Court was bound, under the provisions of the statutes, to grant the protection asked for, and to discharge the insolvent from gaol, he having been confined in York Castle for nearly 18 months. Mr. Hill, on the other hand, contended that the Court had a discretionary power to receive evidence on behalf of the detaining creditors, tending to show that the insolvent had contracted debts by fraud, and without having, at the time of becoming indebted, reasonable assurance of being able to pay his debts. The judge (Mr. Robert Wharton) decided that it was competent to examine witnesses in op position to the insolvent's application. Mr. John Sang ster, solicitor, was then examined as to the circumstances under which the debts in Leeds had been contracted. Other witnesses were in attendance for the same purpose, but, without hearing them, his Honour decided that the conduct of the insolvent had not entitled him to an inter im order for his discharge from prison, and appointed the 15th of September for his first examination. By the sche dule filed in court it appeared that the insolvent's debts and liabilities were upwards of £40,000, whilst the assets available to the creditors do not exceed £5O. Mr. Burge formerly held an appointment as agent for Jamaica for which service he received a salary of £l,OOO per annum ; and his salary as Commissioner of Bankruptcy was £l,BOO per annum. The former appointment ceased shortly after his coming to. Leeds in the early part of 1846, and that circumstance is assigned as one reason of his being unable to meet his engagements. He was at one period a member, of the House of Commons, and up to the time of hisarrest, at the suit of a creditor in London, he held a Recordership.. A RIVAL TO Tom THUMB.—The American Museum names another pigmy of the Yankey market, in Major Little-Finger,—an abortion, considerably less than Tom, handsome, and wittier, and accomplished beyond com pare—the very perfection of the Lilliputian order. Of course, he will seek fame and riches in Cockaigne,—the most gullable market in the world for everything inimi tably great or prodigiously little, whether in songsters or savages, pipers or pigmies. WRITTEN V. EXTEMPORE SERMONS.—The Wesleyan ministers seem to be very much divided as to the propriety of preaching from written discourses. At the Conference, the Rev. J. W. Thomas said that the growing practice of reading lectures instead of preaching sermons, was one of which he (Mr. T.) had expressed his jealousy. No one more highly appreciated the importance of diligence in composition ; no one more highly estimated the liberty of the pulpit than lie did. But the practice of reading ser mons might with more propriety be called the bondage of the pulpit. He feared that the custom, if it became pre valent in high places, would find imitators. The Rev. James Kepdall, on the other hand, said that he was glad to find the practice of reading sermons becoming more common. He himself, on a week night, occasionally de livered a lecture instead of a sermon, and the congregation was increased thereby. FALSE CHARACTERS TO SERVANTS.—Last week a young woman was charged before the Cheltenham Magis trates with having obtained a situation by means of a false character. She applied for a situation on the 26th of April, at Marl-hill, near Cheltenham, the residence of L. Griffiths, Esq., magistrate, representing herself as having left the service of " Mrs. Gregory, of Frocester hall, near Stroud," and referred to that lady for a cha racter. A letter was written, and in due course an answer was returned, giving a very good account of the prisoner's conduct. Prisoner was engaged. A few days ago Mr. Griffiths received his original letter, returned through the Dead Letter Office, the address of " Mr. Gregory, Fro cester-hall," being reported as " not known." The prisoner acknowledged she had herself written the letter purporting to be Mrs. Gregory's. The Bench fined the prisoner in the sum of £2O, and in default of payment sentenced her to six months' imprisonment. THE ETON COLLEGE SWIMMING SCHOOL GAMES. — An excellent law has for some time been enforced at Eton College, which requires that every boy shall pass the " swimming test" before he is allowed to enter a boat on the Thames. He is required to jump from the bank into deep water, to swim well fifty yards, and then to swim back to the place from whence he started. To encourage the practice of diving, as the most ready way of saving life, in case of sudden accident upon the water, as well as to give contiocuu. I..zart instituted under the superintendence of a committee. The swimming school games took place at Athens, on the Thames, about a mile above Windsor-bridge, in the presence of the committee, nearly the whole of the Eton masters, and a large assemblage of spectators. Since the establishment of the swimming school, which was founded by the Bishop of New Zealand in 1836, sixteen hundred and forty-four boys have passed the swimming test. One hundred and five have passed during the present summer. PRECAUTION IN CASE OF FIRES TO AGRICULTURAL PROPERTY.—The extent of damage to agricultural pro perty, in individual cases, is almost in every instance greatly increased through the prevailing practice of con centrating the whole produce of the farm in one stackyard, or upon one spot, and that frequently in the midst of, or contiguous to, a mass of thatched buildings, thus render ing the destruction of the whole almost inevitable. It would be exceedingly desirable that persons having large quantities of hay and corn should divide their stacks as much as poss ble, and take care that no stack should be so near a building as to communicate a fire from the one co the other. We are aware that in many instances where the premises are confined such a course is not practicable, but these more frequently occur where the amount of pro duce is small. Where the bulk of produce is large, and consequently the premises extensive, the precaution we recommend can easily be taken. Being now on the eve of harvest,lwe venture to make this suggestion as worthy of consideration. SHAMEFUL CRUELTY.—At Warwick assizes, George Wheatcroft was acquitted, and Ann Wheatcroft was found guilty and sentenced to fifteen years' transportation, for the manslaughter of German Wheatcroft, aged 8 years. This case exhibited one of the most detestable and inhu man instances of barbarity upon record. The unfortunate deceased was, it appears, a son of the male prisoner by his former wife, upon whose death he cohabited with the female prisoner, lodging at that time in Edgbaston, near Birmingham, but soon after removing to some low court in the borough. The witnesses for the prosecution could not say that the father of the boy bad ever been seen by them to beat deceased unfairly, but as against the female prisoner it was proved that her inhuman feeling against the helpless child exhibited itself by confining him for as much as three days successively without food, with his hands and feet corded together, and by beating him when perfectly naked in a most savage manner with a cane. The effect of a long continuance of such horrible conduct was the death of the unhappy object of this wretched woman's hatred on the 25th of April last, and the public exposure of her brutality. FEARFUL MURDERS.—On Tuesday, James Grout, a labourer, living at Grays, Essex, went to his work, leav ing at home his wife and three children—John, aged 6; Mary Anne, aged 4 ; and James, 2 years. Soon after, John ran out of the house, exclaiming that his mother had murdered his brother and sister. A neighbour ran into the cottage, and, on entering the bedroom upstairs, found the woman with a bill in her hand covered with blood, standing at the foot of the bed, and the bodies of the two children in a dreadfully mangled state, one on tk,e hod tb ntiac.r ne the finer. The bead of the little girl was nearly severed from the booty. Inc mother said, ' I have done it myself, I have nobody to blame but my ' self." The wretched woman was immediately given into custody, and stated to the constable that she had intended to murder the elder boy also,' had he not escaped from her, and then to have destroyed herself. She appears to be about 40 years old, and has a ghastly expression of countenance. The poor woman is no doubt in an un sound state of mind ; about a fortnight before she at tempted suicide, and was only prevented through the rope breaking which she had attached to a hook in the kitchen for the purpose of destroying herself. M. ROGER.—The Athenceum, in noticing the debut of this celebrated tenor, on the London boards, who is to appear with Jenny Lind at the approaching grand concert at the Collegiate Institution, says,—" Tenors of his class are not so numerous that the coming of a new one can be briefly passed over. We have, again and again, from Paris, done honour to the jeune premier of the Oplra Comique as an excellent singer of sentimental music, and an actor no less excellent for finish and intelligence. So highly indeed have we always valued him in his own spe cialty as to regard with hesitation any meditated change of occupation ; being slow to see what is certain and perfect risked by an artist in the attempt to make his own fresh fields and pastures new. _ _ The event, however, so far as the success of the Edgardo establishes the fact, justifies the determination of the French tenor to be more daring than his " cautioners." Like most educated voices, M. Rogers's does not lose penetrating power by being produced in a larger arena than its old home. It has an evenness and a compass ( being capable of the upper B flat in chest notes) which render it sufficient for almost any part of the tenor's re pertory ; add to this, pliancy such as only comes of careful study, and attractiveness of quality when the tone is not forced. A little practice on the Italian stage will convince M. Roger that he can move his audience at will without exaggerating his effects and perilling his organ; since as Lucia proceeded it became obvious that the singer was becoming more and more at ease, and in proportion sing ing with his natural force. M. Roger delivered his recita tive like a true dramatic artist. He showed, too, a fine discrimination of character meriting recognition. In his version of the part there was as much of passionate long hoarded affection as of hate and rage. The famous Male diction was delivered as from a heart itself breaking under the ' mountain of the curse' launched against the false one. More raging Ravenswoods there have been by the dozen ; but we do not recollect one in whom the passion has been so deep. Altogether, M. Rogers's acting was fine after its French manner. M. Rogers is precisely one of the artists who can best bear the most searching criti cism. Moreover, while he stands before the public of an Italian opera under peril of comparison, it is fit that it should be made with full and fair knowledge." A MYSTERY STRANGELY SOLVED.—The other week we related the facts of a case in which two men had been apprehended at Hessle for having in their possession var ious articles of clothing, known to be those of a young man who some time ago was staying at Leeds. This case has been before the Sculcoates bench of magistrates for four successive weeks. On Tuesday last, Bateman and Bunting, the two men who had been detained in cus tody. were discharged. It appears that Jonas Edward Iredale, who represented himself as a clerk to Mr. Led gard, of Mirfield, the solicitor who prosecuted M'Cabe and Reid for the murder of Mr. and Mrs. Wraith and their servant maid, had lodged at a public-house in Leeds for about twenty-six weeks. where he represented himself as having business to do at Dewsbury once a week, for which he received £1 per day. His appearance and man ner being respectable, he became the acknowledged suitor of one of the daughters of the landlord. At the second trial of M'Cabe and Reid, he gave evidence against them. They were convicted. His connection with Mr. Ledgard immediately ceased, and he went to the north, still con tinuing his correspondence with the landlord's daughter, which suddenly ceased on the 7th July. From subse quent inquiries, it appeared that he had left Durham shortly after writing to Miss —, and had not afterwards been heard of, until, on the 17th, the prisoners were ap prehended at Hessle with a large portion of his wearing apparel in their possession. It was, of course, supposed that he had been murdered, and that these men in probability knew more of his death than they would tell. The facts, as ultimately elicited, are that Iredale never was clerk to Mr. Ledgard, but being in York Castle dur ing the first imprisonment of M'Cabe and Reid, he was at the same assizes indicted for forgery, but the bill was ignored. When M`Cabe and Reid were acquitted, he went to Mr. Ledgard, and told him that he had in prison overheard a conversation between M'Cabe and Reid, which went to prove their guilt. Upon this information they were re-taken, and again committed. Iredale repre sented himself as being upon the point of proceeding to America. To secure his attendance at the trial, he was allowed £1 per week to live upon until the assizes. This he received at Dewsbury, and the receiving of it was his only business there. Of course his connexion with Mr. Ledgard ceased at the trial, but he represented himself to the young lady as having obtained employment which yielded him £3 per day. At the time when he suddenly disappeared, he fell in with Bateman, and proposed to him.' to go and break into the country house of a banker, ngt far from Newcastle. Iredale, who had left his carpet-liag in care of Bateman, actually got into the house. Bateman's heart failed him, and he ran away, took the carpet-bag, and came down to Hull in a steamer, on board of which he met with Bunting. The suitor, the supposed lawyer's clerk, and the man supposed to be murdered, is then at large, and is declared to be a burglar.—Hull Advertiser. The John Bull announces the demise of a new publica tion entitled " Politics for the People," after three months' trial, the principal contributors having been : " The erudite and thoughtful Maurice, of King's College ; Chenevix Trench, his friend; Kingsley, the s wee t s i nger of the Maid's Tragedy ; S. G. 0., the eloquent defender of the claims of the poor in the columns of the Times; Connington, the accomplished and deeply-reflective au thor of ' Essays in the intervals of business ;' Bellenden Kerr, Doctor Guy, of sanitary renown, and one whose name we know not if we are at liberty to mention, al though the students of logic, glancing to the Episcopal bench, will have no difficulty in guessing it." THE BALLOON RACE FROM CREMORNE.—After a most interesting and exciting aereal contest, the adventurous voyagers, Lieutenant Gale and Mr. Gypson, with their companions, in the Royal Cremorne and Royal Albert balloons, effected a safe descent within a short distance of each other. the former in Wansted-park, the seat of the Earl of Mornington, and the latter at Andry Hatch, near Romford, about 16 miles from town. The start took place from the gardens at about half-past seven o'clock on Wednesday, and a more beautiful ascent has seldom or never been witnessed. The wind was blowing from the south-west, and the balloons consequently took a north easterly direction. Mr. Gypson at first attained the great est altitude (about a mile and a half), but the lieutenant subsequently soared higher. Over the Strand, St. Paul's, and Cheapside, the balloons were stationary for some time, and it was only on descending into an under current that they bore away from the city into the suburban districts in the east. In the neighbourhoood of the Victoria Park the Royal Albert was lowered to within 1,500 yards of the earth. Here some thousands of persons had assembled to receive Mr. Gypson and his companions, but that gentle man would not hazard a descent amongst such a crowd, and, throwing out ballast, rapidly ascended, till he at tained an immense altitute, where he and his friends be came exceedingly cold, even to a shivering sensation, and as their breath passed from them it was as plainly seen as if it had been the month of December. They then com menced their final descent, and landed at the place above mentioned at about half-past eight o'clock. Mr. Gypson arrived in town at about half-past one o'clock on the fol lowing morning. The lieutenant who was the first to de scend, estimates that, at one period, he attained an alti tude of at least two miles and a half. The parties from each of the cars frequently exchanged friendly salutes, and distinctly heard the echo of their voices. ENLIGHTENED JURIES.-At the Oxford Assizes, last week, the first case in the list was an action for goods sold and delivered, as to which there was no defence. At the close of the case his lordship briefly stated the facts, and directed the inn , to find for the plaintiff' ThPy anti hesitated! tor some time, till at length his lordship told them again, the plaintiff's case was proved, and the defendant did not appear to offer any resistance, and there fore they ought to find for the plaintiff, when they, with some reluctance, returned a verdict accordingly. The second case was on a promissory note. There was no defence, and they were again told to find for the plaintiff; however, they hesitated, and when at length they were pressed for a decision the foreman turned round and created some merriment in court by saying, " The jury gives it in, he must pay £23 2s. 4d, ' This happened to be the amount claimed. The next case was an action of ejectment. The counsel for the plaintiff, Mr. Whately and Mr. Phipson, having closed their case, Mr. Sergeant Talfourd, who had watched the case for the defendants, admitted that the plaintiff's case was fully made out, and that he had no answer to it. His lordship thereupon summed up, telling them to find for the plaintiff ; they deliberates. for a quarter of an hour, and then, on being told if they had any difficulty they might retire, and hearing the officer sworn to "them safely guard and keep without meat, drink, or fire" (for the term, as they pro bably thought, of their natural lives), the foreman came to their rescue by saying, "The jury agrees, that it should be left to three referees, because we knows nothing about it." Baron Platt : Gentlemen, you have no iiliwer to refer it. You must decide it yourselves. They again de liberated for a few minutes, and at last resolved the diffi culty, the foreman enunciating as the result of their cogitations, "The puny, my lord, recovers his property." This was accepted as a verdict for the plaintiff, and they were allowed to retire from the box to make room for twelve others. MISERIES OF THE POOR LAW.—The guardians of the unions would in many instances be more lenient to the poor but for the restrictions placed on them. The laws of the Medes and Persians tie their hands. The man with seven children and 93. a-week must drag them ell into the union workhouse, to the perdition of both body and soul. The board may not give him a few shillings to tide hull over a temporary embarrassment to fit his child out for service. A poor woman receives an order for the work house ten miles off, and the relieving officer gives her half a loaf that she faint not by the way. It is contrary to the law. A man leaves the workhouse with a dozen miles before him before he can get under cover, with the more distant and precarious prospect of a meal. The gover nor gives him a viaticum in the shape of a loaf. It is un lawful. The invalid mother of a large family can no longer look after her children, and they are running wild. For a week or two the guardians make an allowance for a nurse. It must not be. A friendless girl, who has been servant of all-work on short commons and no wages, loses her place, and seeks for a little help. In order to spare her the contamination of the women's ward she is allowed a few shillings. Wrong again. Others are ju-t strong enough, or wise enough, or respectable enough to get on with an occasional lift. Lifts are specially prohibited. The bit of mutton given once in a way to the squalid stonebreaker, night's food and lodging ordered for the vagrant who was thought to have the fever, and therefore not admitted in the workhouse, and all sorts of casual aid over 11111.1 WAY receives a hint from the Commission that the board is in open rebellion, and to make an example strikes out every one of these items. Somebody, of course, must pay for them. The relieving officer cannot, so it falls on the purses of one or two liberal guardians. The present bill, by way of sop, provides for the payment, under certain conditions, of the items hitherto disallowed ; but,it is system, not this or that particular payment, we are con cerned with.— Times. BREACH OF PROMISE OF MARRIAGE.—At Cardigan Assizes, Miss Mary Saunders, daughter of the late Rev. J. Saunders, Vicar of Llantrissent and Llanhowell, ob tained a verdict of £lOO damages against the Rev. P. B. Harries, Rector of the parish of Corby, near Rockingham, for a breach of promise of marriage, contracted under the following circumstances :—The defendant, being impaired in health, had been residing at Aberystwith for the last ten years. For the same reason the plaintiff repaired to the town last summer, in company with two female friends, one of whom, named Miss Jones, Mr. Harries stopped in the street, and asked for an introduction to the plaintiff, as he had been struck by her appearance. This was refused, and he then wrote a note to the lady her self, who was, however, still coy, and took no notice of it; but the defendant still persevered, and made daily visits till he was accepted, having, after several rebuffs, made a formal proposal in a very business-like love-letter, lauding the lady's charms, and stating the income of the love-sick swain in pretty nearly the same sentence. Still the mar riage day was postponed at the request of the intended bride, the defendant having been a widower little more than a twelvemonth, when, after the most urgent pressing, the sth of April was fixed for the ceremony, and all things placed in a state of forwardness. But on the 26th of Fe bruary, the defendant's love grew suddenly cold, and on that morning he called at Miss Saunder's lodgings, and brought with him an anonymous letter, which, he said, charged the plaintiff with being in debt, that she was a drunkard, and that she was old and ugly, and acting on that letter, without any inquiry, he rushed out of the room, snatching with unmanly grasp some presents he gave her, consisting of a gold watch, and a th ermome t er , and whic h he put in his pocket, and then made his exit. The evidence bore out the statement of the counsel, and but little was elicited in cross-examination. The witnesses denied that the lady was a drunkard, but one admitted she was in the habit of taking a little brandy and water after dinner. Another stated that the defendant had told him that he broke off the match because he thought the lady was rich, but found out on the contrary she was much in debt. For the defence it was urged that the defendant was eccentric, and afflicted with the St. Vitus's dance. The jury, after twenty minutes' consultation returned the above verdict. The damages were originally laid at £l,OOO. TERRIBLE FIRES AND Loss OF LlFE.—Monday night the metropolis was visited by two dreadful fires, which in a very short period laid in ruins a vast amount of valuable property, and deprived one person of life. The first broke out upon the premises belonging to Mr. Loton, a Berlin wool-dealer, situate in Albany-street, Regent's Park, next door to the Windsor Castle Tavern. The second disaster occurred upon premises belonging to the Rev. Dr. Dale, in Amen-corner, Paternoster-row. The cir cumstances connected with the first fire were of a very distressing character. It appears that shortly after the shop was closed the inhabitants were aroused from their slumbers by a noise resembling the discharge of a piece of ordnance, and at the same time the greater portion of Mr. Loton's premises which were four stories high, were blown into the street, the floorings and roof were rifted into the air, the brick wall was demolished and sent flying in sundry directions, breaking in the shop-fronts of at least a dozen houses on the opposite side of the street, seriously injuring a great number in Ernest-street, forcing in the windows of the Windsor Castle Tavern ; and at the same moment, as if by magic, the whole of Mr. Loton's premises remaining burst forth into a general blaze. Notwithstanding the exertions of the firemen, however, the flames continued to progress most fearfully, and it was not until nearly one o'clock in the morning— three hours after the outbreak—that they were entirely extinguished. The origin of this calamity is not precisely known, but the prevailing opinion is that it was caused by an escape of gas. Three persons were in Mr. Loton's house, when the explosion occurred ; one, a young girl, about 16 years of age, a servant in the establishment, was blown through the shop-front on to the opposite side of the street ; she was found dreadfully mangled, her head being shattered and her face burnt ; she was forthwith removed to the police-station, where she was seen by a surgeon, who at once pronounced life extinct. Two other persons, a man and a woman, were also forced by the power of the explosion into the street, and were so seri ously injured as to be obliged to be removed to the hos pital. The number of persons who have suffered by this disastrous event cannot be less than 20.—The second fire broke out shortly after 12 at night in the upper part of Dr. Dale's residence. It was first seen by a gentleman named Stiff, who forthwith gave the necessary alarm to the police. The flames at that period appeared to be legging on the second floor, but shortly afterwards they penetrated the third floor, and bursting through the win dows they illuminated the city for some distance. For tunately, the whole of the inmates succeeded in effecting a safe retreat from the blazing premises, although there was some di ffi culty in r emov i ng a l a dy ho had recently been confined. The firemen were enabled to get the flames subdued by half-past one o'clock, but not until a serious amount of property was destroyed. How the calamity took place is unknown. ,~: :,~~~''. ,‘; 4)