The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-07-18 00:00:00

July 18, 1848. Etttraturt. P O E T R Y. TO ERIN ! .11' HENRY E. GREEN, A PRIVATE OF THE 17TH LANCERS Th_ e red flag of ruin enc i rc l es thee, Erin, „jhe curse o f ingratitude crushes thee down, tile 18 hand that has c h er i s h e d t h y t h ousan ds when starving infu spurned, as it gi ves , w i t h th e oa th an d the frown. nate, insensate, the traitors that lead thee the brink of dPstruction. Deserted at lst, w hen the blood of thy children is crying against thee, , ou It bitterly dwell on the days that are past. O h! dream not that England's proud legions will fail 1, v ii h .eart and hand in her cause they undaunted would die, the cowards who urg on the peasant to battle I,,nrillen danger approaches e will leave thee and fly. cli armies may waver, may join in the riots; p t :PLe English h earts wors hi p t h e i r Q ueen an d the throne, ‘;, I11 Lne swords that their country has placed in their keepir be drawn in the cause of that country alone. ' ° Pal Barracke, Dublin. July 5, 1848. NOTICES 14 1 ) ;?rt Qf the Medical Cases treated in the Liverpool iorlhern Hospital during 1846 and 1847. By James I,„„ lir nbull, M.D., Physician to the Hospital. Edin „,6 : Adam and Charles Black, 1848. i nte il le Northern Hospital is an institution which has risen b e Importance of late years. It has, however, already ti_ e snle one of the most useful in the town, being at all ill ' e t open to receive the most severe and dangerous o c ,„ c a. l as well as surgical cases, which are constantly ' rn us in the busy and populous part in which it is situated. r The rep ort now before us, wh i ch has b een repr i n t e d trim the Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal of lat e , Incl uth, for circulation among tbose who take an k r ,'• e st in the management of our charitable inst!tution, ,Ishes some interesting information regarding this i4stitution, the nature of the cases, and their treatment. to:oltraelglad to find from it that the demands upon the u y eddi , which have been increasing yearly, can be met exiQ, ng to the number of beds, as accommodation still tain7 for a much larger number than it at present con- The number of ca ses admitted into the hospital last Yearjwas 1786, o f w hi c h 760 wer e u n der the care of the b e Y n sici ans, and 926 under the surgeons. The outpatients g added to these make the total number relieved dur- Athe Year 2579. It would also appear that th e cos t o f 17 eh Patient is lower in this than in almost any other h ospital, being, on an average, £1 Ils. 10d. for each case. The rate of mortality was about one in twelve during both of the last years, and this bears a very favourable Comparison with that of most other institutions, especially *hen the severe nature of the cases admitted into the Northern Hospital is taken into account. The intelligent writer thinks that, although Liverpool is well supplied with hospitals, dispensaries, and other charitable institutions, it has much need for more acco raodation for fever cases, and he makes the following ob servations, which we think well deserving of consideration : t ee are no f ever war d s connected with the Infirmary, or lue Northern or Southern Hospitals, so that when cases of tever occur in anv of these institutions, they must be sent to ~1 1e only fever hospital in the town, which is a small building . - _°tilected with the workhouse, and not supported, as these uistitutions are, by voluntary contributions, but under the IMlnagement of the parish authorities. The class of persons are just above the grade of paupers, are thus in a great nth 2i_stire deprived of the assistance of an hospital when attacked i; 1 1 . a disea se in which the advanta4es of hospital treatment sn r naat obvious. It appear s to m e, therefore. that fever ide itl connection with some of the existing institutions, or tenyspital supported by voluntary subscriptions, are much tme `rd ; and, the lowest class being already provided for, that Rio ' , an institution in a town like this, with many strangers 1 4 ' Persons residing in lodgings, would be still more services tha,ti.t could be made in whole or in part self-supporting, so 8 Paying a moderate sum weekly, any one might obtain d u kind of accommodation." ~The greater portion of the report consists of cases ar ',uged und er e i g h t h ea d s. The deta i ls of these we leave t w ii the profession, merely observing, that the author's rh me ;°u of trtincr eumatism, of 149 cases were I tl e _tnitted in 184'6, and 155 in 1847, which seems to have been th q successful. Several also of the cases of disease of c i e e l lungs and heart, a class to which be has devoted spe r ev a ttention, will re pay the perusal of the professional tPc• Dr. Turnbull has evidently devoted much pains --'`ug attention to the whole subject on w:iich he writes. e Dublin University Magazine, (James M`Glashan, i„„ Il ln,) is scarcely up to its usual mark of excel- Cur The interesting memoir of Dean Kirwan, in unr Portrait Gallery," is of itself sufficient to give va lve number. Sveral of the other articles are in ...creating ; and one—" A House and its Three Tenants" ---, tie en Promises to be extremely so. W se e extract from an arti titled " China and the Chine:" — THE USE OF THE FAN IN CHINA. The u s „ Hunan. e of the fan in China in summer, is universal and e and p u lls If Your tailor comes for orders, he raises his . l g predore our coinnences and corn s i out his fan, not from a case, but from his stocking, e finds t fanning himself with great composure. Should eith appear before you to receive your cammands, he atmosphere of your room too hot for him, and he er opens his fan, which lie has in his hand, or pulls it from vanes ocking, and uses it with equal nonchalance. Your ser waiting on you at dinner will hand you a plate with one ',XT II , and fan themselves with , the other. The fan is similar in ~..I!pe to that usually adopted by our ladies, and is to be seen ^ ll 4 all, except the lowest coolees. DRESS OF THE CHINESE LADIES. The women of all clssses are very fond of trinkets, and wear tnany silver and jade-stone rings, bracelets, and anklets, as g s eY can afford—but gold is never used by them. The dress of ~IT Upper classes is nearly as handsome as that of the manda '"B) but every part of their dress will be found of a different colour, the h ead-dress of all classes is nearly alike; except that the nigher'i orders wear the best descriptio n o f j a d e - stone, and ens d • •t h e and silver pins set with pearls. They do not wear linen . ; bs e under-jacket being the dress worn next the person, is de nf d h t . ht long sleeves embroidered round crape an as ig i t w rists and neck ; over this they wear another jacket, which w..,ulade either of flowered satin or crape ; the sleeves are very h e ki ,e and short, reaching only to the elbow; an embroidered brer_pr encircles the bottom of the jacket and sleeves ; the em ii4lery is either of gold, or silk and gold—the border is three th e • e s ueep, and is a different-coloured silk or crape to that of exeitteket, which is lined with a third colour. The trowsers are itl e e .edinqly wide and long, and are embroidered round the an- N it ' a similar manner to the jacket, although not to match it. per.great object in a lady's dress . is, to combine as great a di- OwTY of colours, and variety of embroidery, as possible. ba n t he trowsers, the wife wears a rich satin petticoat, very seeuMely embroidered. This can only be used by the wife, Th e can never be worn by unmarried daughters or handmaids. ve,,,shoes have heels about an inch high, and the uppers are roW, e laborately embroidered in gold and silks, and bound she i t,i with gold tinsel. They do not wear stockings, but red ?hens lack ribbon is bound round the foot and leg. Like he Itiv e . t leY wear under their jackets a silken girdle, to which is toh ,ably attached an embroidered bag, which contains their alb r fP and pipe. They alwal s carry . a fan, which is either rot,,,rdered, or made of feathers, and is either of an oblon,g, ur pointed form, and does not fold up. Although the liispb,„°' anything but becoming, affording no opportunity to tigh t sYmmetry or form, being perfectly loose, and fastened I nf : o lind the throat, still the tout ensemble is very pleasing.. jacic et .° 4 l, and children of all classes, are invariably dressed in rhi c hl sod trovvsers, the materials being the only these vriation, 4 tale „Zre always in accordance with the wealth of prents. uth a f - r oildren have the head shaved, leaving two circular spots Illatt e d °lie on ea side of the head, bore the ears, which are on th e ;Into tails. ch At eight years old th ef e hair is allowed to grow tail j a t • h , or crown, and the r . est of the hei . id is shaved; the 'air ° 'en Platted when the hair is of sufficient lenFth. The . at t w the females is allowed to grow, and is platted into a tail ° Years old. .. VARIETIES tw'll" Il ex' do two an d t wo no t ma k e f our ; Wi en they make 4 -two. lb.;P°lc OUT !—As a cana l-b oa t was passing uncler a sc,ue, the ca pt a i n gave t h e usual warning by calling iu “L.ook out !" w h en a li tt l e F renchman, who was th e e eab in, obeyed the o r d er by popp i ng hi s head out of win dow, which re ce i ve d a severe t h ump b y coming in esttact with a p ill ar of the b ridge. He drew it back in a out pet, an d exclaimed, " Dese Amerikins cry look , b ! when dey mean look in." te;ji" UNFORTUNATE CIPHER.—A merchant at Mar ?'es, having a business correspondent on the African least, bethought him, that as some members of his family h; t ,d show n a partiality for monkeys, he might gratify them A i r sendin g for one or two specimens of these animals from i,, r ea• Accordingly he wrote to his correspondent to e'i'ea.cure two or three of the finest and most admired spe d, and transmit them to Marseilles. Chance so order . ed \ that the merchant, in putting down the ou (in Englisli h") between the figures 2 and 3, made the o very promi "ft'ellt, while the u remained scarcely visible. Some months erwards a ship porter came in all haste to the old mer ,,,e°ant, and announced to him that his menagerie had ar 'ved. " Menagery !" cried the merchant. " Yes, .a L kl enagery, a whole car go o f mon k eys h ad arrived rl to h is °4 Engnment ! The merchant could scarcely cre noun cement, " until the letter of his correspondent Z" t it into his hands. In that epistle the African negotiant, .kkan of the most uncompromising exactitude, excused exl'aself very earnestly for not having been able, with all . 2n,,vtions, to procure more than 160 monkeys, in place of tilh) ordered, but promised. as soon as possible, to fulfil t :e entire demand. The feelings of the honest merchant e m e ry be guessed when, on moving down to the quay to b e h eld himself on the subject by ocular inspection, he t Weld his 160 monkeys, all duly caged and littered, and 1,4144117 tithim with the most laudable pertinacity. It moment when a man might reasonably doubt t l l, ll ether i t would be best to laugh or cry. So much for 4 1. 4 :01 va lue of ciph ers. — Le Follet. tquALITY," AN A BSURDITY . —S uppose you try to th id 'uxe the globe on which you live—suppose you labour, gl o b e : the impul se o f your visionary dreams, to make this tou r : a sPheroid, with no hill, or valleys, or the least th e ''':atien of inequality, that it may thus protest against 40411ecluality in circumstances, which you would banish possible : you have no sooner done so, if it were q uak u e, than the lightnings strike here, and the earth -1111,,,e exPlodes there • the hills are increased, and the to -48 are deepened, and the very equality that you tried Crea'reat_te turns out to be the inequality . that the great Po se ur had originally, and well and wisely made. Sup the j e oll try the same plan in another sphere. Go, in ori d, a se, a of autumn, in some of the forests of our ek set , Nice a man at each tree, and tell him to cut 1 0r es il. twelve feet square ; and suppose, when all the %tell)," co.mpletely squared, you write upon it Equality, 'ete ate `".4 it to be the type of the equality you want to mouth la the circumstances of human society : wait five sia ti , B : the juice begins to rise from the root, and the and rains begin descend upon the forest ; will ' 3 We et 111 each tree owthing out its branches at `its own th et and laughing to scorn the levelling efforts chatY a 7 o - ri n e a_ye made . in the midst of them, and the dead "t . remain as you left them. The very inequalities S Pri ti lu the globe physically are the sources of the sh 4, we drink from—of the fertile valleys—of the (111 th' i lg hills —of the shadowing rocks—so that equality 4 1s 0 in s urfac e of the earth is not only impossible, but Ries e:xPedient. Should not, therefore, all these an . alo- Ad esir lince us that circumstantial equality is impossible, avl e, and inexpedient ?—.Dr. Cumming's Lectures. IS, 1848. on Wednesday be t, as the fairy null rformed on him, be with this impostor* retences, and reviv superstition, which mind of the lower rneath Guardian• reat Britain as the ernal grandparents residents of Leo ard of that town. d by a few of the M. the purpose of mausoleum. .. _ a great authoritY are not infallible. Chronicle are is last two," not the .ct, the Mercury —Gateshead Ob- liar phrase, which the influence of derived from the motion is at its, ien it is asleep. phrase is derived ies a mouse, and mon field-mouser dorme- come tol ike a top." TY.—The Titnes bert, speaking of the penalty paid round the person le heights of San jack and defence' saluted by a dis harles Albert is inches from the nt mark in his• tall about him. .e I overlook the arrives, as the iolved, and I am to be shot at in distance whilst )f all the other t the vicinity of me, and I find ri occasions ill this MOMent w grandeur and ness is perfectly tirs, not a dew lust now, to try If, and induced rees were q uite rel, too, put his cedar, and re disgust, that 1 lee of the kind have been the ws are reduced their existence thousanl heels he St. M a urice ectedly struck) hey will expire ne (probably a completely off le shoulders of rely as though ent. Others, pering beauti k the r iver serted fishing e to the taste is said to have So closely fin ed to, that for Mary expects idingly gigan with eyes in an resting on itirring sights ne which, for ivalled. Let colossal pine, r beheld, ac- Fore-heard-of w dozen tons ken up a pe ,ure intended rests exactly, h are a forest inches ought g the loftiest Vhether this. tus by way of vate pastime ;übsequet!tly, to say ; but is and crurn- 3 it get into ny the more leaf or Of - any hu- Ips for ages, red, andihe ing genera- atirnplation isurely on ; rd, catch a the moment rent to such , d, i n Caere! y own ears, xisting o r " Whittlings th deliber t physician which have .eatment of distinguish .ous favoly- 1, or the in- ;e of cure. so power ibtedly the lilt hope of iician, then As is, how is out hope unes of the but to be d the pos anee of re se, for the the dejee -3W expel'? y incollSl7 if, as maul PPortunitY n similarly dicine pos ng disease, true, hot , / . ger, whose bodies a re !In ? And We had iagnetiscn• irvoyance , alsehoods• t ordinarY, ility, or, o do veil )sed, bow , the state illtt ienomenn, of m ental this. On world by domestic id the like t the two sumption: ;norant of n how t 7 3anage his Lose haPP I men), so, 'e to whi ch onesty or deserted a deep re; .n that 01 in will not ,nted with corn otive rush into notorious ackerY ar e mediein! corret? and erusu if everY s o th e i f e very )itants of Rich prei it r aenta r and con they.arshe anguish? G F . 74 regi on ;.esl nd 3 72:63 7 5 1 64 691 78 w. 66158 1 ---- 1: ditta 0......16th: Knowledge indeed is as necessary as light ; but it has been wisely ordained that light should have no colour, water no taste, and air no odour, so knowledge should be equally pure, and without admixture. Too much leisure leads to expense ; because when a man is in want of objects, it occurs to him that they are to be had for money, and he invents expenditure in order to pass the time. PUN UPON Purr.—" Why is an honest man like a car penter?" said one gentleman to another. " I can't tell," was the answer. " Why because he is a plain dealer." " I see it now, you have made it a deal plainer," was the reply. PUTTING A THING TO ITS PROPER USE.—" Your a regular muff, sir," said a traveller to an Irishman, in a great passion, while disputing in a London coffee-house. " Thank you," replied Mr. O'R. coolly ; "ifl am a muff, I have done my duty : I've made you warm." _ _ _ • • AN ATTORNEY'S .• PnN.—An old gentleman accused his servant, among other thefts, of having stolen his stick. The servant protested perfect innocence. " Why, you know," rejoined the complainant, " that the stick could never have walked off with itself." " Certainly not," said the attorney for the defence, " unless it was a walk ing stick." A COUNTRYMAN'S OPINION ON THE " Six POINTS!' —We shall come to a pretty pass if we are to have a fresh election every year, pay men for being elected, and yet let any idle, good-for-nothing fellow who never had industry to earn anything, or thrift to keep what he had, be quali fied to be a member. Members will be like blackberries, growing in every hedge, if this is to be the way of it. Why, I know some half-a-dozen of these chartist fellows, who are always talking in at the " Star," where I put up my team, when I go in with the corn to Foxtown, who would then all be for being parliament men. To hear them talk to us, you would suppose they were the only folk in the universe who knew anything about right or wrong ; and yet, I could never find that any one of them ever stuck to any honest business long enough to pay his way. Then they are terrible fellows for getting hold of other folk's money, for their "great schemes," as they call them ; they talk very big of the pounds of money they send up every month to their chartist member in London, who says he is buying such a lot of land that he will give fifty thousand of us, if we will pay him a little ready money at once, an acre or two, and a house, and tools, and I don't know what besides, some day or other. These fellows who call themselves agents for him, to my way of thinking, are not of the sort I should like to trust my money to,—let alone the sending it on such a wild goose chase.—Polities for the People. VEGETABLE IN S TINCT.—If a pan of water be placed within six inches on either side of the stem of a young pumpkin or vegetable marrow, it will in the course of the night approach it, and will be found in the morning with one of its leaves floating on the water. This experiment may be continued nightly until the plant begins to fruit. If a prop be placed within six inches of a young convolvu lus or scarlet runner, it will find it although the prop be shifted daily. If after it has twined some distance up the prop, it be unwound and twined in the opposite direc tion, it will return to its original position or die in the at tempt ; yet notwithstanding, if two of these plants grow near each other, and have no stake around which they can entwine, one of them will alter the direction of its spiral, and they will twine round each other. Duhamel placed some kidney beans in a cylinder of moist earth; after a short time they began to germinate, of course sending the plume upwards to the light and the root down into the soil. After a few days the cylinder was turned one-fourth round, and again and again this was repeated, until an en tire revolution of the cylinder had been completed. The beans were then taken out of the earth, and it was found that both the plume and radicle had bent to accommodate themselves to every revolution, and the one in its effort to ascend perpendicularly, and the other to descend, had formed a perfect spiral. But although the natural ten dency of the roots is downwards, if the soil beneath be dry, and any damp substance be above, the roots will as cend to reach it.—Farmers' Magazine. EXTRAORDINARY SC ENE .—A most extraordinary scene occurred at Nant turnpike-gate, near Llangefni, on Friday, the 30th ult. On that day Hylton's collection of wild beasts in caravans, drawn by several horses, came from Llangefni to the turnpike-gate, and 6d. for each col lar was demanded as toll. When this claim was paid the gate-keeper refused to let the collection go through unless 2d. more for each collar was paid, upon the ground that only 4d. had been paid for each when they passed through on their way to Llanerchymedd. The person in custody alleged that whatever had been demanded had been paid at that time, and that if a further charge had been then made it would have been paid ; but that the property had since that time changed hands by being sold to another party when at Llanerchymedd. The gate-keeper was de termined not to open the gate, and the keeper of the wild beasts was fully as determined to pass onward ; and each party loudly insisted upon the correctness of his own view of the case. A respectable farmer who happened to be in the adjoining field was referred to as to the respective rights of the parties. The clause in the turnpike act was clear as to 6d. a collar being chargeable where the carriage drawn was upon springs, but the wild beast man insisted that there was nothing in the act to compel him to pay tolls for another man's property or beasts. The pikeman called to his assistance the lime burners and carters from the adjoining quarries, and the caravan man summoned his trusty keepers. Words grew louder and blows fell faster, until at length the battle became general ; bloody hands and broken heads were seen and felt ; staves and the butt ends of carters' whips were met with long poles and short truncheons. The issue of the battle was for a considerable time doubtful. The pikeman's wife, and children were crying and roaring in the house, whilst the wild beasts in their respective dens were sending forth terrific yells. The elephant, after removing the gate, was unchained, came to the rescue, decided the day and cau sed the discomfited Monaites to fly in great disorder to wards Glynhwrfa, leaving the pikeman and his gate at the mercy of the victors, who subsequently passed onwards with lighted pipes and flying colours.—Chester Courant. RELUCTANCE TO ENTER THE CLOISTER. A curious instance occurred at Rome, and was narrated to us by a general officer who was present at the time. A young lady was destined by her parents for the c l o i s t er . She had regarded herself as the wife of one to whom she was much attached. The parents not approving this marriage, placed her, as is usual in such cases, in a monastery, where she could never see him, and she commenced her noviciate. Before doing so, however, the young gentleman found means to communicate to her, that he would attend in the church at the conclusion of her noviciate ; and that if she still loved him and preferred marriage with him to the taking the veil, he would be there to claim her, and give her the home and protection which her own family would deny her. The year rolled slowly away. The noviciate bad ended. The profession was publicly announced—the bells rang merrily as for a bridal ; the first flowers of spring were blooming on the floor of the monastic chapel. The Cardinal had arrived ; the young novice, fair as the young moon in May, knelt with her white veil floating be hind her, and her eye glancing eagerly from face to face in the assembly, till it rested on him, whom for that long and sad noviciate she had never seen, and whose presence at this moment assured her of his faithfulness in the past. The service proceeded till the Cardinal asked the usual question as to her willingness for the life of a cloister ; she at once declared her unwillingness. The Cardinal was astounded. The assembly was greatly excited. And on her being again asked for her reasons, she pointed to the young man who was present, and said boldly, " My wish is to be married to that gentleman." She was the next instant on her knees before the Cardinal, beseeching him to forgive her, and to permit the marriage. The feelings of the Cardinal and all the assembly were deeply moved. The service ceased. The Cardinal declared that she must not be received into the sisterhood, as she had herself re fused her consent. He made enquiry, and in the end himself married the young couple. And thus she found at once the home and the protection she required, and the want of which would otherwise have consigned her against her own wishes to the cloister for ever. This, however, is a scene that cannot be of frequent occurrence.— Seymour' s Pilgrimage to Rome. WHAT HAS FREE TRADE DONE ?—The House of Com mons, by a majority, have voted for the repeal of the Navigation Laws. Free trade will soon have done its work, so far, at least, as the House of Commons is con cerned. It is gradually but unceasingly advancing, and swallowing up successively all the great interests of the empire, save that of the capitalists, as it moves forward. The agricultural interests will find themselves deprived, in February next, of all protection ; and the British cul tivator exposed to the competition, without any shield save a nominal duty of ls. a quarter, of states where wheat can be raised, with a fair profit in average years, at 18s. a quarter, and brought to this country for 10s. at the very utmost of freight. As soon as we have two fine harvests in succession, it will be seen to what state this system will reduce British rural production. The West I India interests have been next assailed ; and our colonies, upon whom free labour has been forced, upon a compen sation being given to the proprietors on an average of a fourth of the value of their slaves, are speedily to be ex posed, with no protection but a differential duty of ss. 6d. a hundredweight, diminishing ls. 6d. a year, till, in 1854, it disappears, to the competition of slave colonies, where sugar can be raised for £4 a ton, while in the British colonies the measures of government have precluded its being raised for less than £lO a ton. As a natural con sequence, cultivation is about to cease in those noble settlements ; the forest and the jungle will speedily sup plant the smiling plantations, and £100,000,000 worth of British property will be lost beyond redemption. Do mestic manufactures were at the same time assailed, though with a more gentle hand than rude produce. Protective duties on them were lowered, though not en tirely removed ; and the consequence is, that at this time there are 8,000 hands wholly unemployed at Manchester, and above 10,000 at Glasgow, and distress to an unparal leled extent pervades the whole commercial and manu facturing classes. Nothing daunted by these calamitous results, so exactly what the opponents of free trade pre dicted would ensue, so diametrically the reverse of the unbounded prosperity which they promised the nation as the consequence of their changes, the Free-traders, in pursuance of their usual system of preferring their own opinion to the evidence of facts, are preparing to apply the same system to the commercial navy of the country, and, by the repeal of the Navigation Laws, against the opinion of Adam Smith. to depress our shipping interest as much as they encourage that of foreign states, and endanger our national existence, by crippling our own means of defence as much as they augment the means of attack in the hands of our enemies. Not content with rendering us dependent for a large part of our bread on foreign nations, they are determined on measures calcu lated to deprive us of the means of maintaining our naval superiority, or upholding the national independence. They are set upon saving the nation a few millions a year in freight, though the consequence i s , th a t we s h a ll be alike unable to withstand a pacific blockade or hostile aggression, This country has already suffered greater losses, and been more severely crippled in its resources, by the effects of three years of free trade and fettered currency policy, than by the whole efforts of Franco during, a war of twenty years.—Blavkwood, THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. EXTRAORDINARY DISCLOSUREIMPORTANT TO RAILWAY SHAREHOLDERS: • , At a time when an increased desire to invest in railway undertakings is being manifested, the following important disclosure, made in a petition presented to the House of Lords, may not be without value. The petitioner stated that he was a shareholder in the North Wales Railway., the act for which passed in 1845, since which two instal ments of 10 per cent. had been paid up. We give the remainder of the facts in the reported words of Lord Monteagle " Soon after a change in the directly: n of the company took place, and one of the first proceedings of the new directiOn was to lend.the money of the North Wales Railway Company for the purpose of completing another railway with which the North Wales Railway had nothing to do. Many of the mem bers of the new direction were also directors of the London and Richmond Company, and to this latter company , the mo ney of the North Wales Company was lent. But, as the North Wales Railway Company were not empowered by law to-lend, nor the London and Richmond Company to borrow, the course taken was not to lend the money to the London and Richmond Company in its corporate capacity, but to private individuals • connected with the company on their notes of hand. After a time the Richmond Railway - , was made, and sold to another company. The directors of the North Wales Company, having lent the money on insufficient security, and contrary to law, nevertheless thought proper, when this took place, to repeat the experiment, and they lent the money of the company to two other individuals. A shareholder applied to inspect the accounts, and-after some resistance he was allowed to have ac cess to them. Their lordships would hardly. believe in what manner those accounts were kept. He held in his hand a copy of the very account in question, and he found these entries,— "Loan to A' for investment, £1,500." "Loan to B' for dit to, £1,200." "Loan to 'C' for ditto, ..?4,000 "Loan to D' for ditto, £8,000." "Loan to E' for ditto, £3,000." "Loan to F' for ditto. £1,003," " Loan to G' for ditto,. £1,000." In fact, the account was a cypher which explained nothing. The parties asked for an explanation as to who. were repre sented by the letters "A," "B," "C," "D," "E," " F," and " G," but that was refused. These were the two main allega tions contained in this petition; namely, first, a misapplication of the funds from the purposes for which they were intended by Parliament, from the North Wales Railway Company to the London and Richmond Railway Company; and secondly, the manner in which the accounts were kept. The answer of the directors to the latter charge related a most curious fact. T4ey stated that this mode of keeping accounts,—namely, that of putting forward an unintelligible account to be inspected by the shareholders, and keeping a private ledger for their own use, was the common course taken by other railway companies, and they justified themselves by this most extraordinary plea.." To us it really seems incredible that any other compa nies adopt a course such as these North Wales directors declare that they do. If it is so, however, it would be only prudent for every man, before investing bis money in the stock of any of these new companies, to ascertain where is the money which their shares represent. CONDITION OF THE PAPAL STATES (From the Rev. Hobart Seymour's Pilgrimage to Rome.) IDOLATROUS WORSHIP, At the top of this magnificent mass of white marble is the front of the church : and it was on this spot I stood to witness " the blessing of the most holy Bambino." It was one of those sites once witnessed can never be effaced ; there on the mind it must remain ineffably graven for ever. The elevation of this spot was such as to command a view of a large portion of the space and ascent of the Capitol ; and further below all the wide place or street by which it is approached. together with the long flight of steps ascending to the church : the whole were thronged to excess. The masses of the people were wedged together as closely as possible, presenting to the eye one compact body of living things from the Capitol above, down the slope, to the space below, and then up the marble steps to the church. There could not be less than five thousand persons, every head uncovered, and every face upturned, gazing intently upon this scene in front of the church. And such a scene I There, at the height of an hundred and twenty-four steps above the people—there stood the priests in their splendid robes. On one side were arranged about forty monks : on the other hand about as many more : and clothed in their sombre dresses and waving their blazing torches in their hands, they presented a scene of the most striking appearance. In the midst were the more immediate officials, holding aloft their gi gantic torches : and in the centre of these again were the priests, surrounding the High Priest, who held the little image —the Bambino. in his hand. At least one hundred torches, each in the hand of an ecclesiastic, glittered and flamed around. The monks stood in their places; the ecclesiastics gathered together; the incense was waved and enwrapped all for a moment in its clouds and its perfume; the military band tilled the whole place with a crash of music, and the soldiers of the guard pre sented arms, as the Chief Priest lifted the little image—slowly lifting the Bambino, rising it above his head. In an instant, as if the Eternal Jehovah was visibly present in the image, among the vast multitude gazing from far beneath, every head was un covered before it, and every knee was bent to it, and almost every living soul was prostrate before it. He raised it slowly a second time; he raised in the same manner only more slowly the third time; and the muttered words of prayer ascended from the vast multitude, and told how deeply and universally rooted among the people is this worship of the Bambino. I felt as if my blood was frozen within me at so awful a spectacle. THE ADORATION OF THE CROSS The Cardinal and his assistants left the altar, and placed the cross on a cushion, on the floor of the chapel, a few paces from the steps of the altar, and retired. And here the ceremony commenced indeed. Two or three Cardinals approached the Pope, they stripped off his splendid robes, they removed his glittering mitre, they took off his em broidered shoes, they laid aside his spangled gloves, till he stood before his throne without one emblem of his royal or papal of fice. There stood the old man bareheaded and bare-footed, and stripped till he seemed to retain little else than a loose white dressing-gown, the dress of a monk of Camaldoli. There he stood, not alone, as if the act were a voluntary humiliation, but in the hands of the Cardinals, who, intending to help him and uphold him, seemed to be his guards to force and compel him. There the old man, no longer looking like a Pope, descended from the throne and seemed like one led away to be punished, or to do penance. I could not help thinking the old man was, in a great measure an unwilling actor in this scene ; there was much uneasiness in his manner; there was dissatisfaction in his face; and his whole appearance was that of a man who was obliged to act against his conscience, in complying with a cus tom of the Church. _ _ _ _ _ Having conducted the Pope to the end of the chapel, they turned and faced the cross, which lay on the floor near the steps of the altar. There they made him kneel and adore it. They raised him, and conducting him some two or three paces nearer, they again made him kneel a second time and adore the cross. Then again they raised him, and leading him nearer still, they again the third time made him kneel and adore the cross. Here at the cross they raised him, and then again he knelt, then rose again and then knelt again. Prostrate before it—on knees and hands, he kissed it, and, according to custom, left an hundred scudi of gold as an offering beside it. He was after wards conducted to his throne and robed, while the most ex quisite music from the choir accompanied the whole ceremony. When this is completed by the Pope, the same act is per formed by each of the Cardinals, all without shoes, adoring and kissing the cross. These are followed by the bishops, heads of orders, &c., all adoring it in like manner, and all making to it an offering of money. The Deacons then spread the cloth on the altar, light the can dles, and reverently place the cross, no longer on the floor, but on the altar amidst the candlesticks. Such is—THE ADORATION OF THE CROSS :—An act of wor ship that moved me intensely, infinitely more than anything I had witnessed at Rome. It was an act the most solemn and impressive, and bore every characteristic of IDOLATRY. AN ECCLESIASTIC NONPLUSSED. I went, accompanied by many others, into the grotto of sub terranean chapels, which constitute the vaults on which St. Peter's is built. We were conducted by the Sacristan to the altar, which is said to contain the bodies of the two martyred Apostles. It is directly under the great high altar of the upper church ; and there in the darkness of that subterranean chapel, these two Apostles were said to sleep their sleep of death. The Sacristan with much reverence called our attention to the spot, and I asked him whether it was indeed certain—whether, inas much as learned antiquarians have doubted, and even denied it, it had ever been clearly ascertained by ocular search, that the remains of St. Peter and St. Paul were indeed deposited there. He replied that there was no doubt of the fact, and that they certainly were there. My wife reminded him that the heads of St. Peter and St. Paul were said to be in the church of St. John of Lateran, and that we had seen them exhibited there in pub lic ; and she asked how they could also be in St. Peter's. He replied that it was indeed very true, that the heads of the Apos tles were at St. John's, but that the bodies were at St. Peters. My wife again reminded him, that in some other churches we had seen the arms and legs of these Apostles; and suggested that they could not, without unnatural multiplication b e a l so i n St. Peter's. He replied that it was very true that the arms and legs, &c., were in other churches; but that the bodi es were cer tainly at St. Peter's where we now stood. I then took occasion myself to ask, whether the whole bodies, without the heads, arms, and legs, were there, for that I had seen some of the ribs, shoulders, vertebra', were exhibited in other churches. He an swered still that the bodies were beneath the altar, beside which we were then standing. I suggested to him that there could only be some parts or portions of the bodies, as other parts and portions were claimed elsewhere. He admitted in reply that such was the case, and that it was not the bodies, but only some fractions of the bodies, that were buried beneath St. Peter's I I then again asked whether it was possible to see them, and whether any one had searched and found them,—an easy matter it really contained in that altar, and an easy way of confuting all gainsayers. I placed my hand on the altar and repeated my question, in a manner free from mere scepticism or irreverence ; and he replied that, though they had searched for them yet they had never found them, because they were bu ried so deep—too deep to find them. They were "motto pro rondo," very deep in the earth ! I thought the difficulty of finding them could be more easily solved, by supposing their absence,—that they had never been there. This conversation passed in the presence of at least a dozen persons, and it shows how very slender are the claims to authenticity, on the part of some of their most valued relics. THE JESUITS. — Wide as the poles apart must ever be the Jesuits and all bible societies. But against thrones as well as bibles are hurled the Jesuits' denunciations, for " the whole school of theologians and ecclesiastical law yers," say they, " maintain, and it is a thing most cer tain, and a matter of faith, that every Christian prince, if he has manifestly departed from the Catholic religion, and has wished to turn others from it, is immediately divested of all power and dignity, and all his subjects are free from every obligation of the oath of allegiance, and they may and they must drive such a man from the sovereignty of Christian men as an apostate; a heretic, a deserter of the Lord, an alien and enemy to his country." And all this was written in direct application to our Queen, and then she is told, from the same authority, that she has no na tural right to the throne, as she and we suppose she has, but that in fact she has usurped it, the free will and ordi nation of the people giving the only right to it. When a king was assassinated, " splendid boldness of soul," cried a Jesuit, " memorable exploit." And yet a nobleman, a few weeks since, publicly asserted that the Jesuits were lovers of order, and stedfast supporters of thrones; he should read the Jesuit Mariana's works, and especially the chapter which treats of the speediest and safest way of getting rid of an adversary. " What matters it," he asks, " whether you kill by the sword or by poison ? especially as treachery and fraud are conceded in the faculty of ac tion." Like all ascetics the Jesuits speak contemptuously of women ; others had done this before their time, and enough had been said to satisfy any women-haters on this matter ; but the founder of the Jesuits woald not be sa tisfied till he had drawn this comparison between women and the devil,. " our enemy the devil imitates the nature and manner of woman, as to her weakness and froward.. ness, for as a woman quarrelling with her husband, &c., thus the devil." And yet this is the man who is said to have received thirty visits from the Virgin, and of whom " a council of Spanish ecclesiastics of Tarragona declared that " the Holy Virgin in the sanctuary of Montserrat, conceived to the sacred Ignatius, and having embraced him in her bosom, opened and imparted to him the bowels of her mercy ; and in such a manner, being enveloped in the womb, she cherished him, and fed him with the food of heaven, and filled him with her divine spirit."'— , " The letu • tts, PP Bentley's Miscellany.. etntral littgretianv. Out of 62,000 persons apprehended by , the London-po lice last year, 28,000 had no occupation. . During the last eighteen years, the streets of London have increased 200 miles in length, nearly's mile a month. The metropolis was visited by a severe storm of thunder and lightning on Friday. A vessel arrived in the Thames from Canton has brought the somewhat remarkable importation of -140,000 Chinese insects, for the purposes of natural history. The London bankers are discounting commercial= paper 1 per cent. below the minimum fixed by the Bank of England. Two children, aged seven and eight, were drowned in the Severn, near Worcester, last week, whilst amusing themselves with a fisherman's boat. The Secretary of State has given orders to the commis sioners of the metropolitan police to have alLthe,coastables taught the sword exercise. A poor woman died last week at Ipswich, from the ner vous shock occasioned by a bee stinging her while she was superintending a swarming. The Commissioners of Woods and Forests have ordered several hundred chairs to be placed in the London parks, for the accommodation of the public. The Admiralty Court have decided that government is to pay for the brig which the " Birkeneead" steam-frigate ran down in the channel. The frigate was short manned. A committee has been appinted at Hull to take mea sures for the preservation of the public health, in the event of the town being visited by cholera. On Saturday last, a young man, preparing to sail from Dundee to London, was fined ss. for smoking a cigar at the harbour, after being warned that- it. was contrary to law. ARSON.—At Buckingham assizes, on Friday, James Johnson. farm servant, was sentenced to transportation for life for setting fire to some farm buildings of his em ployer. On Friday, the bodies of two persons, a male and fe male, were found about two feet below the earth in a cel lar in Whitefriars, London. The bodies were lying close to each other. James Weybury and William Willoughby, railway ser vants, were tried at Abingdon, on Saturday, on a charge of manslaughter, it being alleged that, by the removal of a horse-box, they caused the late fearful collision on the Great Western Railway. They were acquitted. It is in contemplation to establish two more camps si milar to that on Kersal Moor—one in Yorkshire, and the other on the southern or western coast. The troops are to be regularly drilled, and will have all the appliances for a campaign, easily movable at an hour's notice. In a garden at Durham. there is now growing a plant of " Victoria" rhubarb, which measures about sixteen yards in circumference, while the stem is above six feet in height ; and the whole of the plant is estimated to weigh fourteen stones. In a garden at Loughborough there is now a currant tree, on a bough of which are growing both red and white currants, though no artificial means have been employed to cause this singular difference in the fruit of the same tree. _ _ A collier, named Blythe, has been committed for trial at Bilston, for the wilful murder of his wife. Whilst in a passion, the prisoner struck the deceased first in the face s then threw her down, jumped upon and kicked her several times in the lower part of the person. IN HEAVEN OR IN PURGATORY ?—We are at a loss to reconcile the confident assertion of Dr. Wiseman, that Archbishop Affre was, with St. George and St. Alban, looking down from heaven upon the consecration of St. George's Church, with the fact that at that very time Prayers were offered in all the Churches of France, for the deliverance of his soul from purgatory. The Ipswich Express mentions that on Friday last an old woman living at Bradfield St. George, who was attend ing some bees that were swarming, was stung by one of the insects on her right thumb. She entered her house, sat down, and exclaimed " How bad I feel !" instantly fainted, and expired half an hour afterwards. PUSEYITE DESOLATION. — The Western Times states that at Teignmoith a blight seems to have gone over the pews, nothing seems to thrive but the altar, which is overloaded with vases, and has all the appearance of a sale shop for the gaherings of Roman antiquities. A woman threw herself out of a train on the Bury St. Edmund's Railway, near Witham. The train was at full speed. She was carried, bruised and insensible, to the workhouse, where she has since died. It was supposed that she was insane. The Ban f fshire Chronicle says that some time ago, a boy at Portsoy got a hen's egg from some of his compa nions, and carried it about with him in his bosom. One morning lately, he astonished his parents by exhibiting to them a lively chicken, which he had thus hatched, and which bids fair to become a fine fowl. The horse trick will never become stale amongst persons who do not take a newspaper. The Gateshead Observer relates how, at the late Stagshawbank fair, a local preacher was inveigled, under the old pretence of a quarrel, &c., to purchase a horse for £3O, which he was afterwards glad to sell for £4. LOUIS PHILIPPE'S FORTUNE.—The Quarterly Review says that there is no trace of the ex-King having anything in the American funds, and that all that his Majesty pos sesses out of France is £lO,OOO in the British funds, yielding about £3OO a-year, and that the Queen has about £5OO a-year in the Austrian funds, a legacy from an aunt, one of the archduchesses. FRUIT AND BLOSSOM.—There is, at the present time, at Fryery, near Bath, a pear tree in full blossom, and it has also a splendid crop of fruit on it. The tree is nearly white with blossom. It is a fine large tree, near the beautiful spring of mineral water which Mr. Brooks, of Hinton Abbey, lately discovered. The tree has a great many buds still breaking for blossom. The Brighton Gazette anticipates a plentiful supply of prime oysters for the future, a bed, apparently inexhaust ible, having been found in the Channel, many miles in length. Parties at Shoreham are fitting out smacks for the express purpose of engaging in the oyster trade; and instead of oysters being sold at 3s. per hundred they will not realize more than half that sum very shortly. The Sheffield Iris, the oldest newspaper in Sheffield, and formerly the property of the esteemed James Mont gomery, Esq., has just changed hands. As a commercial undertaking, its ultra-radical principles have failed to make it pay in the hands of its late proprietor, and it has now become the property of the proprietors of the Sheffield Times, who purpose to continue its publication on Thurs days. FALSE IMPRISONMENT.—On Friday, in the Court of Queen's Bench, Mrs. Elliot recovered from Mr. Topham, a manufacturer, of Derbyshire, and Mr. Richardson, a publisher, of Derby, £l5O damages for false imprison ment, they having given her into custody on a charge of having stolen a sovereign when giving them change in her capacity of waitress at a dining-house. The jury also allowed her £2 17s. for money paid to a surgeon and an attorney. The Record states that two Protestant readers belong ing to the Reformation Society, who were distributing their tracts to the visitors at the opening of St. George's Roman Catholic chapel on yesterday se'nnight, were attacked by the Romanists, who—" Fell upon them, and kicked them in the most merciless manner; one of them is laid up in bed, every rag of clothing was torn off him and had not the police interfered he would have been killed." EXTRAORDINARY ROPE OF GALVANIZED IRON WIRE. —Mr. Andrew Smith, of the wire-rope works, Mill-wall, Poplar, has just completed one of the most extraordinary ropes ever manufactured; the rope is for the Fowey Con sols Mine, is upwards of 567 fathoms (1300 yards) in length, and weighs 4 tons 14 cwt. ! We understand it is composed of the best and longest wire ever yet prepared, and admirably adapted for the purposes for which it is intended—the wire being in one entire length. THE LONDON SHERIFFS ELECT.—Mr. Bousfield and Mr. Mills, who were on Midsummer-day elected Sheriffs for London, have declined to serve in the office. Mr. Bousfield has paid the fine, upwards of £6OO. Mr. Mills, it is said, disputed the validity of the fine, and will be proceeded against by the City Solicitor for the amount. A Common Hall will be held in a few days for the elec tion of two other persons to serve in the office. The fines in such cases are appropriated to the improvement of the city. CRICKET.—KENT V. ENGLAND.—This match com menced on Monday last, at Lord's, and did not terminate until Wednesday. The great feature of the game was the introduction of Hinckley, on the part of Kent, which was most prosperous. As a bowler he is first.rate, having been instrumental in taking six wickets in the first innings, and in the second the whole ten succumbed to his powers. The following is the result of the contest :—England, first innings, 120; second ditto 74. Kent, first innings, 90; second ditto' 40. England thus won by 55 runs. THE SALE OF BREAD.—A bill is now before the House of Commons, which is designed to regulate among other things, the sale of bread. It is proposed to compel bak ers to mark, upon each loaf, its weight ; and if, within thirty-six hours from the time of being baked, a loaf is weighed in the presence of a magistrate, and found to be deficient, the baker is to be liable to a fine of ss. for every ounce so deficient. There are some other exceedingly objectionable provisions in the bill ; but as there is not the remotest chance of its being passed into law, it is not worth while to allude to them. LIFE POLICIES OF ASSURANCE.—A Bill has been brought into the House of Commons for the purpose of making life policies assignable at law. The Bill provides that from and after the passing of the Act, life policies may be assignable at law, and that the assignee of a policy shall be entitled to recover from insurance compa nies. Memorandums of assignment are to be endorsed on the policy of assurance, and the age of the person whose life is to be insured is to be deemed that which is stated in the policy. Policies of assurance are to be receivable as evidence. THE DITCHY OF LANCASTER.—The income, from all sources, last year, was £69,735 15s. 10d. The principal features of expenditure are thus made up :—Salaries to the head officers of the duchy, £4,977 10s. ; salaries of the new Stannary Courts, £1,157 10s. ; salaries to per sons employed in the collection of the revenue, £2,159 Bs. ; surveys and maps, £1,943 15s. ; repairs and perma nent improvements, £5,280 19s. 4d. ; payments to Prince Albert, £41,728 2s. 6d. ; investment in the purchase of beneficial interests, £2,013 ;—balance remaining in the hands of the receiver-general, £7,493 17s. A NEW SYSTEM OF CANVASSING.—Some idea of the excitement produced in the neighbourhood of Swansea during the late election may be formed when it is known that it even invaded the sacred precincts of tb.e pulpit. On Sunday night at Cadle Dissenting Chapel, the worthy minister who officiated (Rev. Evan Morgan, Penydarran), after dilating, like his great prototype before the Roman Felix, upon " righteousness, temperance, and judgment to come," in the plenitude of his holy(?) zeal, directed his hearers' attention to passing events—tbe election of Co roner. After descanting upon the incomparably superior merits and claims of his favourite, he ended by bursting into a violent exclamation, " Russell' for ever, Russell for ever," to the great astoniment and merriment of. his wondering auditory.—klmford lourfia4. FREE-KIRKISM IN ENGLAND.—This body is declining. They have just given up their college, and the two soi disant professors, like the ouvriers of Paris, are idle and at large. Regent-square and-Woolwich Chapels belong by trust-deed to the Established Church; but as yet the Free Presbyterians occupy them. How POOR'S RATES ARE INCREASED. — Robert Blake, the man who cohabited with Hannah Parker. until she murdered two of his children (for which crime she was executed a short time ago at Newgate); was brought be fore the magistrates at the Birmingham police-office on Thursday, charged with having deserted his wife and child who have at times been- relieved by the parish au thorities of that borough since January, 1843. It ap peared from the evidence of a relieving-officer that he ap prehended Blake at Mr. Plurnmer's saw-mills, Golden lane, St. Luke's, on a warrant ordered by the guardians of the poor of the parish of.J3irmingham, and that his wife and children had received relief amounting to £llO Os. 7d. He was convicted, and sentenced to two months' imprisonment in the house of correction at Warwick, with hard labour. This man's criminality has been very expensive to the public. DEATH FROM TAKING BELLADONNA SALVE:I,IVMM NALLY.—ConsiderabIe interest has been excited at Shef field by the circumstance of an old man named Thomas Greaves, residing in Love-lane, who, being an out-patient of the Infirmary, went to that institution on Tuesday for his medicine, when he received from the porter-a box of pills, a plaister, and a quantity of salve, composed' of the extract of belladonna, the last of. which, according to the statement of the porter, lie was instructed to spread on the plaister. It seems, however, that from. some mis- nrmi apprehension or other-on •the part of the•old , roan, he Th took a small portion of the poisonous salve on Tuesday form night, under the idea that it was an electuary, The con sequence was, that after enduring great agony ; h e expired ,-..•a" the following day. There appeared to be- a want of sufficient caution at the Infirmary, with regard to the fixing of proper labels on the medicine dispensed. R-7 FIRE INSURANCES.—By a return just printed by order ; of the House of Commons containing an a ccoun t o f the e. d. sums paid for duty by the offices: for fire insura nce , we fi n d .1* t that, in the year 1847, the followi ng sums were paid for duty by the undermentioned offices.:—Alliance, £31,644 ; Atlas, £32,779;. County, £50,001.; Globe, X 32,494; Impe- 4'3 rial, £44,831; Phoenix, £90,137; Royal Facchange £75,336; !•'?.. Sun, £180,482.; Liverpool, £12,658 ;,Liverpool Royal In surance, £10,229 ; Manchester, £1,1,373 ; Birmingham, n. 4 £10,207. The sums insured on farming stock, exempt . 9 5 7°,, , from duty were, at the Alliance,. £1,093,329; Atlas, FA' £991,225 ; County. £7,231,552 ; Phoenix, £5,041,226; the E.° Royal Exchange, £4,663,136; the Sun, £8,134,113; Li verpool, £59,350; Liverpool, (Royal,) £56,672 ; Man chester, £396,292. It appears, too, from this return, : that the insurances. in Ireland, of all descriptions, are ut terly trifling in comparison with th o s e i n E ng l an d . MYSTERIOUS DEATH OF A CONSERVATIVE ELECTOR. i t c 7,J; On Saturday week the dead body of Mr. John Mulcock, c't fly proprietor, of Cheltenham, who had been missing since Thursday, the day, of polling at the recent election con test, was found in a pool, in a lonely spot near the Pitville : : Gardens. The water was quite shallow, the head being iu 18 inches of water, and the feet on the bank. It was. strongly suspected, therefore, that the unfortunate de-. : ceased was dead before he came into the water, and it is remarkable that he had been heard to declare that he _ should never survive the defeat of Mr. Gardner, his favo-. . . rite candidate, and that he should be killed by the yel- lows (Mr. Berkeley's supporters).—His wife deposed at • • the inquest that her husband never threatened to commit suicide—that he always came home when ill, and gist his pecuniary circumstances were not in any way deranged. : fr 3 When he came home with the flys after the polling, he was covered with dirt which had been thrown at him.— Hereford Journal. PROTESTANT SISTERS OF CHARITY—TRAINING IN- : STITUTION FOR NURSES.—On Thursday, a meeting was held at the Hanover-square Rooms, London, for the . '5 purpose of establishing a Training Institution for Nurses, and the encouragement of acts of piety and charity upon the system of the &airs de Charite. The Duke of Cambridge was in the chair ' and amongst the persons : present were Lord Nelson, the Earl of Harrowby, the : Bishop of London, the Bishop of Norwich, and the Bishop _ of Salisbury. The Duke of Cambridge said it gave him great pleasure to assist in the formation of the present institution ; for as president of the German Hospital, in • • which trained nurses were employed, he could speak from experience of the great advantages of the system. . . The plan was commenced some time ago by a German clergyman, and the King of Prussia was now at the head • • of a large establishment of the kind in Berlin. The Bishop of London said that good nursing was of as much g importance to the sick as good medicine; and how could tea, they better supply that than by training women anxious to devote their time to ministering to the wants of the helpless, to provide temporal aid, while at the same time they imparted spiritual consolation ? There was a very flourishing Protestant institution of the kind on the banks of the Rhine ; but it was their intention to take as a model that in the Canton de Vaud, Switzerland, THE IRON TRADE.—The second of the quarterly meet ings of the iron and coal masters of South Staffordshire was held at Wolverhampton on Wednesday. The prin cipal firms were represented, but there was a marked contrast between their dealings on this occasion and at the last July meeting. Twelve months ago there were more orders on the books than could be executed at £lO a ton. On this occasion few orders were reported, and prices low. Since the preliminary meeting, a few days ago, there has not been any improvement which would justify the masters in regaining any portion of the 30s. a ton reduction which was then agreed to, and whatever sales were made were at the reduced prices. There was not, however, much business transacted, as the principal sales and purchases are generally reserved for the meet ing at Birmingham on the next day. Throughout the district there are a great number of men unemployed and on half work, and the distress is very great amongst them. At Birmingham on Thursday the meeting was numerously attended by the chief masters and iron merchants in South. Staffordshire, Wales and the metropolis. The prices re solved upon at Stewpony, and confirmed at Wolverham ton, were fully maintained. A considerable number of extensive orders were taken, and the settling of accounts is said to have passed off satisfactorily. Upon the whole, the present aspect of the iron trade may be said to be more cheering than was anticipated. REQUIREMENTS FOR EMIGRATION.—EngIish people are not generally aware of the very small cost at which a young man or a young married couple can transfer their fortunes to a region where a labourer will find his reward. There are not many young men who cannot save five pounds in two years with only denying themselves what they can well do without, and that sum will pay for their passage and keep from any port in Great Britain to Que bec. Twenty ponnds will do the same for a married cou ple with three or four children. From the Irish ports, and with a merely sufficient scale of provisions, the expense is considerably less. To Australia, of course, the expense is much greater; but so, also, is the advantage. It is a very common observation, that if by any_luck a working man becomes posssessed of £5O or £lOO in this country, it does him more harm than good, as be cannot invest it profitably, and is therefore tempted to draw upon it till it is gone. The lesser sum will take a married couple com fortably to New Zealand, or any Australian colony. Some of the most painful incidents of rural life are those which arise from the possession of such sums by bequest, or whatever means. We feel assured that our labourers would be more apt to save, if it were not for the fact that those who do are seldom the better for it. Emigration presents an adequate object. We hear already of emigra tion clubs in the Potteries and elsewhere. These are the only land companies that will do their members any real good. They will give him not only land but good wages. COLONISATION -On Tuesday the " Society for the Promotion of Colonisation" held their first meeting in London. The Earl of Harrowby was in the chair ; and, among the speakers on the occasion, were Lord Ashley, Lord Monteagle, and Lord Farnham. The society is to be self-sustaining : they are t o s e l ec t th e p ar ties wishing to emigrate, and they are to promote their object by a loan of money, on, as far as we can see, the guarantee of poor-law unions and landlords with over-peopled estates, the emigrants subsequently to refund the money ad vanced. " Before us," said Lord Harrowby, " were co lonies thirsting for population; around us were masses of operatives dying for want of employment. The industry, intelligence, and enterprise of the British people pre eminently qualified them for colonisation. The spirit of independence and self-reliance of the Anglo-Saxon race, their literature, our extent of seaboard, were all circum stances more favourable to colonisation than characterised any other race. The greatest difficulty was the expense of carrying out a systematic pjan of emigration ;—the great golden bridge by which our impoverished thousands could be conveyed from want to plenty could not easily be constructed : but he thought the principle adopted by that society met the requirements of the question, and would be likely to render the system self-supporting. He wished to see the younger sons of high families trans planting themselves and their families to our colonies, and a better class of emigrants than had hitherto gone out would follow in their wake. Then the resources of our distant possessions would not be left to he accidentally de veloped, as heretofore; and the institutions of the parent state, which were unrivalled in their vigour and stability, would grow up, and bless and consolidate those rising communities at the other extremity of the globe." How TO MAKE A BUDGET.—ReCkon yoUr expenditure half a million too low ; reckon your income half a million too high ; the country thus gains one million. Then take from the income of next year another half-million, and add it to the incoa,e of this : the country will thus have gained a million and a half. Then give up a half million of projected outlay ; and you may take to you rse lf th e credit of having added two millions to the national income —if you can get it. THE COLD EARTH CURE.—The "cold earth" cure seems destined to rival the "cold water cure." One day last week, an old man from Shield s , arr i ve d at hi s nat i ve place, High Coniscliffe, near Darlington, suffering very much from paralysis ! which had deprived him of the use of one side. He said he was t o ld to get hi mse lf b ur i ed in two feet deep his " native soil," and he would be cured. The poor fellow, strong in faith, go t a man t o . di g a hole by the Tees. side, into which he got and was. covered over fcr a couple of hours, his head only being visible ! He had not been long in his grave before he broke out into a profuse perspiration. He complained of excruciating pain in the side where before he had no feelingtat all, and after his exhumation he declared himself better, could walk nimbler, and had some feeling in his side. A correspon dent of the Durham Advertiser, who thinks the " cold earth" cure " not to be laughed at," says, on the autho rity of an informant at Darlington, a Maltese physician was, some forty years since, on a visit to the father of my informant, who, in the course of conversation, asked him what treatment was prescribed in an attack of filo plague, to which the physician replied, in his imperfect English, " We do take the peoples that are seized, and do bury them in the ground till they do swear." Swear, doctor ! Swear did you say ! Whit can swearing have to do with their cure You probably mean sweat instead of swear." " Ah ! yes : sweat, that is the word ; we do bury them in the ground till they do sweat." : ti,1.1 THE STIFALFIELDS BALL.—Drury-lane Theatre pre. sented on Friday a most splendid scene. Everything that royal and noble patronage could bestow had been brought to bear to reader the occasion worthy of its object, and it is to be presumed that the Spitalfields School of Design coloured testoons, which were arranged with great taste. The band of M. Jullien attended, with its leader. BACK FREIGHTS : COALS, SALT.—There are plenty of back freights in the neighbourhood of Bristol. Newport and Cardiff, the depots for coal for steam-ships, and from each of which we believe about 500,000 tons per annum are exported, are within a few hours' sail; or the vessel may lie in the Bristol Docks and be loaded from barges at two shillings per ton. Salt from the Worcestershire works may be brought at a very moderate rate—we understand at about two shillings per ton higher than at Liverpool,—and then it must be remembered there are neither dock or town dues on exports in Bristol, though there are both in Liverpool. We are sorry to hear, how ever, that a vessel was recently compelled to go round to Liverpool for a cargo of salt, there being no supply here. We hope this will be remedied. The salt trade is a very important one—it was the snaking of Liverpool. More than 580,000 tons are exported per annum from that port. —Bristol Mirror. SHIPS' ENTRIES AND CLEARANCES.—The East India and China Association have just published the statement of British ships which have entered inwards and cleared outwards, from and to places within the limits of the Company's charter, during the six months ending the 30th June, 1847 and 1848. The figures for London show a decrease in the vessels entered inwards of 69, and 24,130 tonnage. The Liverpool return exhibits a decrease of three vessels, but an increase of 4,906 tonnage. There is a decrease also at Bristol and Hull, but the principal de cline is in the Clyde. More favourable results are shown by the clearances outwards. All the ports have increased except Liverpool, Bristol. and Hull. London has in creased 43 vessels, and 17,391 tonnage. The Liverpool decrease is only two vessels, with 432 tonnage; and the Bristol and Hull decrease six vessels, with 16,352 ton nage. The points for which the greatest number of ves sels have left, are Bombay, Ceylon, New South Wales, Mauritius, Arabia, and the Cape of Good Hope. CLEVER TRICK SPOILED.—On Saturday, a country looking man bustled up to a heap of potato baskets in Smithfield market, and, placing his hand on one of them, said to the bystanders, " Here give us a hand with this." The request was at once complied with, and the man walked off with the half-load of potatoes on his back. The owner, who had seen the whole proceeding, was for the moment astounded at the cool audacity of the fellow ; but he quickly followed, and accosted the man with " Holloa! where are you taking those to ?" "To David Matley's cart," was the prompt reply. " But they are not David Matley's." " Indeed ! Which are his then ?" asked the innocent and surprised porter. A moment's investigation revealed that another basket from the same lot had been furtively abstracted, and the man was given into custody. On the same morning he was brought up at the Borough Court. His name was Edward Coates, and he stated that he belonged to Stockport. His defence was that he had mistaken the potatoes for David Matley's ; but this was proved to be a falsehood, and he was sent to gaol for one month. Manchester Examiner. THE ORANGEMEN OF LONDON .—The Orangemen of the Woolwich, Greenwich, and London District cele brated the anniversary of the Battles of the Boyne and Aughrim, by dining together on the 12th instant, at the Crown Inn, Trafalgar-road, Greenwich. The District Master from London presided, and related various inte resting details from the late meeting of the Grand Lodge in Manchester. Letters were read from the Earl of Enniskillen, the Earl of Roden, Lord Kenyon, Colonel Sir W. Verner, the Grand Master, the Grand Chaplain, and various others. The health of " The Queen, and long may she reign in peace and happiness," " The Queen Dowager," " Prince Albert," " The Orangemen of Ireland," " The land we live in," " Our friends all the world over," and a number of other truly loyal toasts, were drunk with great enthusiasm, and many important statements made respecting the operations of the body all over the country, and in various parts of the world. One fact was worthy of note—that every Orangeman may be looked upon as a special constable in a time of need. THE CHARTIST TRlALS. — Ernest Jones was on Mon day found guilty of attending an illegal meeting at Bon ner's Fields on the 4th of June, and with riot. Fussell was sentenced to two years' imprisonment, and required to keep the peace for five years ; Williams, two years' im prisonment, and keep the peace for three years ; Sharpe, two years' imprisonment for sedition, three months' for unlawfully assembling, and to keep the peace for three years ; Vernon, a similar sentence ; Looney, two years' imprisonment for sedition, two months' for unlawfully assembling, 'and the same amount bf sureties as the other defendants, (his own recognizance in £lOO, and two others in £5O) to keep the peace for two years. When the sen tence was passed, Looney laughed, and said "Very well-- that will do." Jones was sentenced to be imprisoned for two years, and find two sureties in £l5O, and his own re cognizance in £2OO, for his future good conduct. When the sentence was pronounced, he said, " I wish your lord ship good night, and may you sleep with the motto of the Charter round your neck, and no surrender." In answer to inquiries as to where the defendants would be confined, Chief-Justice Wilde said in the New House of Correction for Middlesex. --- A;4;;(ItiTDER ON SEA BATLIERS.—A few days ago, as one of the fishermen of Hunstanton, Norfolk, was era- , ployed catching crabs near the shore of that watering place, he observed something of a most formidable size approaching him in the water. The tide was receding, and the man, who was without companions, was within fifty yards of the shore, but much above the waist in the sea, when, nothing daunted, he struck a severe blow at his new acquaintance, which be soon discovered to be a shark. A regular combat ensued, the man aiming heavy blows at the head of the fish, and the latter fighting with his tail, with which he 'struck the fisherman two or three times severely on the chest. The man, fortunately for himself, never lost his footing, his presence of mind, or his strength, and ultimately succeeded in capturing the monster. The tide continuing to ebb, the shark was left on the dry sands, where the old man was seen standing with much satisfaction, over his captured enemy. The shark measured nine feet in length, and was presumed to weigh about 30 stone. The spot on which it was first seen was close to the place frequented by bathers, a ma. chine having on that day frequently conveyed parties there. I SECOND EDITION. Standard. office, Two o'clock, p.m. - ------- - LIVERPOOL CORN EXCHANGE—THis DAY. The favourable state of - the weather, and the daily advance ment of the coming Grain crops, which, by advices from nearly all parts of the United• Kingdom, are reported to be general, continue, in most English markets, to exercise a depressing influence upon the trade; whilst in Ireland, prices in many instances still rather improve, in consequence of inadequate deliveries from the growers, and the limited quantity of Indian Corn and Corn Meal remaining unconsumed. In both coun tries, complaints of the re-appearance of disease in the- Potatoe crop have been. more numerous within the last few days than heretofore during the present season ; yet these complaints are so far by no means general, and, from the sound state in which- tkis, important article of food was pre served during the past winter, there is yet a hope that the ma lady may not spread extensively, the crop immediately around us exhibiting, with very rare exceptions, a most healthy ap pearance. Having a slender attendance of buyers at this day's ma; the transactions en .any description of Wheat were iir) limited scale, at a decline of Id., and in partial instances-c per 70Ib. from the rates of this day week. In Flour a moderate•business was transacted, with no rial variation in price. Barley and Malt in slow Beans and Peas a very d in Egyptians, whiclr ira.ve r slight amendme Oats, from the Oatmeal, thou lig vat short Et ;h not. fa Ens last I ifintn-CO Is—per. %,-• : : demand, at our last quotati lull sale and the turn cheape moved rather more freely to- ,ply at h ely calle el 0 tz. and, realized a small .d for, was held rat! eal is almost exhau Lnd the latter 6d. pe co cc I 4,0 I