The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1854-02-21 00:00:00

THE TWO BISHOPS. A recent Sydney paper contained an account of a voyage made in company by the Bishops of New Zealand and Newcastle, among the Islands, which would interest many an old "Johnian" recalling the names of "Selwyn and Tyrrell" and the " Ladye Margarette" boat : "Oh, merry were those days of old, Beside Cam's lazy stream; And oft-times, in life's busy track, The memories of those days rush back, Like a forgotten dream. "The river's alive with moving boats — The shore with a shouting crew— And the men of St. John Dart foremost on, For their oars are stout and true ; " And we proudly deem that, of all the craft That e'er on the river met, The bravest boat that was ever afloat Is our Ladye Margarette.' -64 Where are they now, our fearless band, Who toiled in the mimic strife? 'Whe best have sped with sail or oar? And who lie stranded on the shore Of this rough stream of life? -" Aye, merry were those dais of old, The sunniest days on earth ! Yet no thought of glee Brought now to me The memory of this mirth. 4 "Twas a vision of a lonely barque On the broad Pacific wave— A barque of little pride or rtate, But one that bears a priceless freight, In two true hearts and brave. -" I seem to watch them on their way— The gentle and the just— Gone nobly forth to brave and bear Peril and pain, and toil and care Firm in their watchword—'Trust.' -" And I ask, In their earnest labours now Ah, do they quite forget, How in youth's bright weather They pulled together, In the Ladye Margarette?' " Or, sometimes, on their vessel's deck, When they rest at close of day, .Do they talk of many a friendly band, - Linking their hearts to their fatherland— That land so far away? -" Do they think of us in our English homes, Who fondly remember yet, How they were two • Of our joyous crew, In the ‘Ladye Margarette?'" REVIEWS OF BOOKS. Brage-Beaker with the Swedes ; or Notes from. the North in 1852. By W. Blanchard Jerrold. London : Nathaniel Cooke. The handsome volume, for which the above stands as the quaint title, is a cleverly arranged narrative of the observations and experiences of a lively and intelligent traveller, who, without dwelling too tediously upon either the enjoyments or the inconveniencies attendant upon an extensive -and protracted journey in the regions of the "cold and frozen north," imparts his knowledge with a lively and graceful air of good-fellowship. In the course of his sojourn, Mr. Jerrold saw much, and has obviously noted no little of the social and domestic habits of the Swedes ; of their artistic culture, and their literary institutions. Their political and mercantile arrangements have also (occupied his attention ; while the natural features of Swedish scenery, and the atmospheric influences dependant on its boreal locality, have all been shrewdly canvassed in the inquiring and observant mind of the author. Before entering the Swedish territory, on his way from England, our author passed through a part of Denmark, and of course visited Copenhagen, in which he saw and inspected ranch that is possessed of more than a merely passing interest. The following are his reflections on inspecting THE CITY OF COPENHAGEN, AND ON ITS BOMBARDMENT. Copenhagen is, to give my first impression of it, a pic turesque city ; the Amagra costume is full of colours ; the ships lie alongside the canals in the street, and form floating market-places ; the squares are noble, the houses tall and stately ; the shops are picturesque, resplendent 'with brilliantly-coloured goods ; a taste for art seems to •show itself in every street ; the genius of Thorwaldsen presides everywhere—he is worshipped, ay, as devoutly as my Lord Eiderdown at Eiderdown. Yet Denmark is, in no sense of the word, a democratic country ; rather, I should say, in temper and thought, aristocratic to the core. The Danish skull, according to my friend Professor Ret mins, of Stockholm (if I remember his lecture rightly), is one of the worst in the world. Though not phrenologi cally good, yet, I say, I think the Dane is constitutionally an aristocrat. I speak from observation, not from history, and without caring to intrude upon the reader my opinions upon the relative advantages of aristocracy and democracy. But I will say that I liked the Danes, admired the tone of their sentiments, the enthusiasm in their souls for things noble and good, the warmth of their friendship to wards individual members of a nation that cast its merci less missiles into their homes. There are men, I thought (as I walked about the streets), in this busy, happy city, who can remember seeing Nelson, followed by the mur murs of the populace, make his way to the palace of the Prince Royal, and there endeavour to bring him to the terms proposed by Admiral Parker. These terms were, -that Denmark should cease to belong to the confederation -of neutral powers ; that her ports should be freely opened to English vessels ; and that a British force should be stationed in Denmark to protect her from the vengeance -of her former allies. The reply of the prince was princely —he would sooner be buried in the ruins of his capital than consent to this base desertion. That year [lBOl, not 1807, as erroneously printed in the text. Nelson was killed in October, 1805 was a terrible year in the history of Denmark. Even now the Danes -. !‘ ..111, lam told, with darkened expressions, of the 2nd of September, when the English fleet opened its murderous attack upon the city. [Another anachronism here manifests itself ; the bom bardment of Copenhagen took place on the 2nd of April.] Sixty hours incessant bombardment ; the sky raining shells upon these noble towers • three hundred buildings laid in ashes ; and then a capi tulation that made every `brave Dane gnash his teeth with rage. The British fleet took possession of twenty-five shins of the line, sixteen frigates, and fifty smaller ships, and ;eit the Danes power less to oppose their authority in the Baltic. From the inaccuracies pointed out in the above extract, it will be seen that our author requires to be carefully watched in his statements of fact, and, in particular, that his dates and numbers must be taken cum. notce. His delineations of scenery, 'and descriptions of manners are not liable to the same objection as his historical narrative unques tionably is. Take the following description of A SCANDINAVIAN FOREST The chirp of the birds is heard at a great height. It is March, and we are reminded that about this season of the year the black bear, having sucked the thick part of his paw throughout the winter, and taken no other kind of nourishment, issues from his den in quest of more sub stantial fare. This reflection, unpleasant at first, is soon dispelled by the marvellous variety of the scene. Life, in a thousand forms, is busy about you. Pussy is changing her winter coat of white for the - grey of summer and the -fax' is quietly speculating upon the hen who is sitting under your neighbour's shed. Say, after a quarter of an hour's scramble, we emerge into an open space, and are surprised to find a busy band of people at work. On in quiry, we shall learn that we have surprised the workers of a maple-sugary. In these noble maples about twenty holes have been bored, and are bleeding into a trough ! Hereabouts, in kettles over brisk fires, this maple blood is being prepared for human purposes. Well, we pass on, leave behind us graceful rows of silver maple, that look like fairies' wands planted amid the stunted grey oaks, and overshadowed by the majestic butter-nut trees, rear ing their lofty heads eighty feet from the earth, sheltering the flowery dog-wood. On the rising ground shoots the tall and slender canoe-birch, surrounded by black spruce and hemlock, and enjoying for a splendid neighbour the yellow birch, with a stem like a shaft of gold. This "kingly timber disdains to shoot out a branch at less height than forty feet from the earth. From this splendid tree comes that subtly-scented oil from which Russian leather -obtains its peculiar odour. Here and there we come across a specimen of the iron-wood tree : individuals of the white and red elm families rearing their lofty crests some times one hundred feet from their roots. There are varieties which enliven a scramble in an American wilder ness ; but in a Scandinavian wilderness the solitude is awful, is grand, but is not beautiful. It does not tend to raise the spirits ; it does not exhibit Nature in her holiday dress, but rather in " puritanic stays,"—stern and un bending, and without apparent tenderness. Among the topics touched on by our author, - and handled with vivacity and skill, are the in cidental traits.of national and individual character, which he encounters in his Scandinavian pilgrim age ; and these he hits off with taste and skill. Th e book is an amusing one, and is possessed of -much freshness; the subjects treated of in it lying -out of the general tourist route, both the scenery and the peo ple described being but little known to :book travellers. B a th s an d Wash-houses._ By George A. Cape, jun. London : Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. 'This very handsomely got up volume is from the pen of the secretary to the Lambeth Baths and Waeh-house Company, and therefore comes before us with the prestige o f something fha more than ving for its author a gentleman acquainted wi th the mere theoretical working of the bath and wash house system. Mr. Cape goes somewhat ela borately into the subject of baths as these existed in ancient R ome an d among the Etrus .cang • He _ is eloque n t on the advantages t o b e d e rived from personal ablutions • and shows from data that b a th s a n d wash-houses, bes ides well- being digested a great public convenience, may be made self supporting, or, indeed, profitable as commercial speculations—that they, by promoting cleanliness, promote order, lessen pauperism, diminish vice, and improve the health and morals of the lower orders. In Mr. Cape the bath and wash-house movement finds a zealous advocate, and his work has obviously been got up with care and skill. The Works of the Right Hon. Joseph Addison. With Notes by Richard Hurd, D.D., Lord Bishop of Worcester. London : Henry G. Bohn. The prose works of probably no other English author would meet with so general and so deserved a welcome as those of Addison, the great purifier, if not the father, of our best moral literature. In his essays are united the natural ease and un affected grace of an almost perfect English style ; at his hands virtue is ever arrayed in spotless purity ; in his pages she ever wears her most winning smiles, and is at all times decked in the roseate hues of health and radiant beauty. No mawkishness of affected sentiment pervades her footsteps : no meretricious tinsel lends a borrowed lustre to her sway, while her teachings are replete with wisdom. Much has been said in our own day as to the benefits conferred by cheap litera ture, and lavish are the praises bestowed on those who claim to be its originators ; those encomiums are, no doubt, to a great extent, deserved, but while the memory of Addison is cherished, and the undisputable success of the Spectator, in its penny numbers, remain indelible in the history of English literature, the Useful Knowledge Society, and its imitators, of every tribe and calibre, must give place. in parading their claims on the consideration of a grateful people. Must we, at the bidding of these egotistical worthies, ignore the whole of that delightful series which, under its collective name of " the British Essayists," has, for nearly a cen tury, formed one of the most glorious boasts of our literary wealth ; and which, under the directing genius of Addison, of Johnson, of Goldsmith, of Mackenzie, and other giants, meted out its intel lectual riches in penny modicums P Must we bury in a wilful oblivion the claims of these great masters to make way for the celebrities of " Brum magem" science, and the advocates of cold Utili tarianism P Assuredly not ; and we rejoice to see a publisher of taste and enterprise like Mr. Bohn undertaking the production of a collected edition, in an elegant and cheap form, of the earliest and best disseminator of cheap literature. The edition of Addison's works now under notice is to consist of four volumes, the first only as yet having reached us ; it is devoted to his poems and plays, the least popular portion of his works ; to his essay on ancient medals, and his observations on Italy. The three succeeding volumes will, of course, be enriched with his matchless fugitive essays, in cluding the imperishable " Vision of Mirza." The editorial portion of the series has been entrusted to the Lord Bishop of Worcester, whose labours will be chiefly confined to the task of revision, together with explanatory and correctional annota tions. The work, when completed, will be a valu able one, and we wish it every success. The Protestant Magazine. London : Wertheim and Macintosh. This earnest guardian of 'Protestantism continues its useful effort - 8 for staying the progress of Popery. The first paper of the February number is devoted to an able exposé of the danger to be apprehended from the threatened " Endowment of Roman Catholic Chaplains in Government Prisons." It opens by a brief but telling history of the move ment since its first insidious promulgation in 1838, till the present bolder advance of its pretensions. We can only find room for the following JI:TDICIOUS STATEMENT OP THE CASE. " The Romish priest, in common with the Wesleyan minister, and those of the Baptist, Independent, or any other denomination of religionists differing from the Church of England, is free, on the request of any prisoners, in accordance with the above regulations, to visit mem bers of his own communion. What more can be done ? what more can be reasonably expected or required ? Im prisonment implies the, endurance of some hardship and privations. It implies also, a jest and adequate cause for them ; and so long as the State affords to all those who have violated its laws, and are suffering punishment in consequence, due facilities for receiving spiritual advice and consolation at the hand of some minister of his own religious persuasion, what ground is there for complaint ? What excuse for contracting fresh national guilt, by en dowing the emissaries and agents of the Church of Rome, and giving them a permanent status with the clergy of "he Established Church in all those prisons, where a certain number of Roman Catholic prisoners may be con fined ? What opportunities, what temptations to prose lytism will be hereby afforded ! and on what principle bhall a Roman Catholic priest be salaried by the State, because there is a certain number of Roman Catholic prisoners, on which we may not also be called on to endow one, two, three four, or more ministers of other religious denominations differing from the Church of England ? " The Roman Catholic prisoners, it may be, do not want the priest. If they do, they can now have him by asking for him. If they do not, ought we to force a priest upon them ? If, as in America, the emigrants are glad to escape the tyranny of the priest, shall we step in to pre vent it ? Shall we aid the priest to recapture those who may wish for ever to be free from him ; and turn our gaols into traps the better to secure the hold which Popery may have upon its victims ?" Besides the article from which the above has been quoted, the number contains several papers of deep interest to the Protestant community ; and is wound up by an epitomised condensation of religious literary intelligence. Index to Familiar Quotations. Liverpool: Walni - sley. Mr. Grocott has given us the second part of his " Index to Familiar Quotations," commencing with the letter I, and leaving us in the middle of Sleep, a very appropriate finale, and one on which we may expect more to be said, as it is a favourite subject with many authors. It is not denying the credit due to Mr. Grocott for his well-directed labours to say, that his subject is so comprehensive as to render it capable of considerable extension ; and after the present edition has received that measure of public support which it deserves, there will be a call for a new and enlarged edition. Magisterial Reform. London: Crockford. A letter to Lord Palmerston, by Sir George Stephen, detailing the inconveniences and injustice to which the poor are sometimes exposed, through the present system of jurisprudence as administered by unpaid magistrates ; the object being to re commend the appointment of stipendiary magis trates. We may give credit to the author for his intentions, but we by no means agree with him as to his conclusions, and we should be sorry to see the change of magisterial duties from country gentlemen of station, character, and a stake in the country, to briefless barristers, who may have ob tained such appointments from servility to the minister of the day. " The Church not a Roman Catholic Body." LECTURE, BY THE REV. J. B. LOWE, M.A., LAST NIGHT. " THE Church not a RomaalMatholic Body," was the title of an interesting lecture delivered by the Rev. J. B. Lowe, M.A., in answer to lectures recently delivered in Liverpool, by the Rev. W. H. Anderdon, a Pervert to the Church of Rome, in which the latter gentle man undertook to show that " there is a Church, but that the Church is not a Protestant body." The lecture of the Rev. J. B. Lowe was delivered last night, in the Concert-hall, the chair being occupied by the Rev. W. F. Taylor, M.A. On the platform were—The Rev. Dr. M'lsTeile, Rev. S. Minton, Rev. G. F.Mathews, Rev. G. L. Ireland, Rev. J. Bardsley, Rev. P. Gell, Rev. J. Marland, and Mr. John Parsonage, President of the Working Men's Reformation Mr. Thomas Worrall, special missionary, Mr. John Williams, &c., &c. The body of the hall was filled to overflowing. The Rev. W. F. Taylor, on taking the chair, was received with loud and enthusiastic applause ; and when the Rev. Dr. M'Nelle made his appearance, he was hailed with tremendous cheers. The CHAIRMAN called on the Rev. S. Minton to open the meeting with prayer; that rev. gentleman complied. The CITAIEMAN then proceeded to explain the causes which had led the Rev. J. B. Lowe to come forward on the present occasion. He next proceeded to read a letter addressed to the Rev. Mr. Anderdon, by Mr. Bennett, honorary secretary to the Working Men's Branch of the Reformation Society, informing him that Mr. Lowe in tended to controvert the positions assumed by him in his recent lectures, and inviting him to attend. If, said the reverend Chairman, we have not the Rev- Mr. Anderdon, we have at least one valiant champion of the Pro testant Church here, and I for one should be most happy to see Dr. M'Neile and DI.. Wiseman pitted against each other on this piatform. (Loud cheers.) Before proceeding with the business of the evening, he would take the opportunity of saying that, as Protestants, they would have occasion to meet and express their disapprobation of a new bill which Lord Sohn Rus sell had just introduced into Parliament, for the• purpose of altering the oaths taken by members entering! Parlia ment. By the' new law, if passed, it was intended• to do away with the oath of supremacy, and, by a Jesuitical contrivance, managed to acknowledge the sovereignty of our Queen de facto, that they could not deny, but,. leaving out any declaration of the legality of her title (Expressions of disapprobation.) They would, he could! , assure them, within a few days, have an opportunity of' expressing their determination to oppose such a bill• (Applause.) Without taking up more of the time of the. meeting, he would call• on his friend, the Rev. J. B. Lowe. The Rev. J. B. LOWE, on rising, was received with cheers•, some little confusion being apparent from the over crowding of the house. The Rev.. Dr. M`Ncriic: addressed a few words to the audience, requesting them, to use every means for mutual accommodation, and to secure silence. The Rev. LECTURER then went on as follows : _ _ THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, AND GENERAL COMMERCIAL -ADVERTISER. I am here this night to reply to a lecture delivered here last Monday evening, by the Rev. W. H. Anderdon, formerly a clergyman of the Church of England, but now, like a few others who prefer shadows to substance, and forms to realities, a priest in the Church of Rome. In the outset I wish openly to confess that I find the task of replying to the gentleman a very difficult one indeed. You will readily understand, this, when I tell you that there is nothing to reply to !. The lecture was, in this respect, one of extraordinary ability ; the rev. lecturer was reading for nearly two hours, and actually succeeded in occupying so much paper in writing, and so much time in reading, without using a single. argument. This sovereign contempt for logic certainly gives him an advantage over common men,, and reminds- one of the philosophical dis putant, who, when warmly pressed in controversy, com pletely silenced his adversary by exclaiming, " Pooh ! what of that ? that's all argument !" But what the lecture wanted in reasoning is supplied, in wit. The lecturer at the outset promised that he would afford us amusement, and in this, at least, we were notdisappointed, for amusing it certainly was ; and when I recall the witty part of his lecture, you will cease to wonder that one so brilliant in this important faculty should have been dissatisfied with the mummeries and old, wives' fables of England, and chosen the enlightened and intellectual system of Rome. Thus the lecturer favoured us-with an amusing picture of a Protestant worshipper—describing his feelings of attachment to his Church and his value for Church mem bership, the rev lecturer said, with an inimitable sneer, "He is one of ' the dearly beloved brethren.' " Now when we remembered that he himself had so often read these words to his former flock, it did seem rather curious that he should thus, by turning to ridicule, teach his auditory to suppose that he had, never used them in sin cerity. The lecturer, beyond. all question, must have derived his impressions of Protestant worship from his own experience, and bearing this. in mind, the remainder of the picture may help us to•understand the disclosure of the announcement. " This Protestant," continued he— and he appea,red to retain a, very vivid recollection of the party, his "dearly beloved" brother—" This man con fesses himself a miserable sinneri. and then goes home to criticise the sermon !" We could easily understand the sensitiveness of the lecturer on this point, and I assure you he was not mistaken iii. his intention to afford us some amusement. There was another point, too,. in his lecture in which, though unconsciously, he rendered us the same service. The extract which he read: from the Unitarian Witness to the excellency of Rome,, concluded with the words " a dominant priesthood and an obedient people." This expression elicited loud shouts of applause from his auditors. For this the lecturer- appears to have been un prepared, for he was in a great hurry to offer an explana tion of that servile obedience, which he seemed ashamed of openly confessing.. " . I. must now add," he said, " a word of explanation. The Catholic does not render a blind obedience to his priest; he obeys him because he knows that his priest is well instructed, and, also, that if his priest should teach, him. what is false he would be easily brought to account for it." It was certainly remarkable that a statement which the lecturer thought to require this explanation should have been received with such un compromising assent before the explanation was offered. It certainly appeared that the explanation was unneces sary—the applause came a little too promptly—it let out the truth more plainly than was desired. The auditory confessed their obedience to be of that very uninquiring: character which the lecturer was unwilling to avow. This. also was- not without amusement to a looker-on. The. explanation itself, too, deserves attention. The Romanist obeys his priest, because he knows that his priest may bo depended on ! But how can he be sure of this ? Oh ! if his priest is wrong he is easily brought to account. This. I utterly deny ; but admitting it to be true, I ask, must not the papist know his priest to be wrong before he , c,an, cause him to be thus brought to account ? must he• not know this ?—must he not, at least, suspect it ? and; if so, I ask,, on the one hand, where is the practical use of that pretended infallibility ? and, on the other hand, I ask, where is the necessity for it, if, after all, a papist. may use his own information independent of his priest ? Is not this, after all, the right of private judgment? Is not this exactly the Protestant—the scriptural view of the office of Christian ministers, " not as having dominion over your faith, but as helpers of your joy ?" The truth of the matter is, the account of the Unitarian was correct, and the auditors were not mistaken in approving it. But, however this may be, it was not unsuggestive of amuse ment. In fact, there was so much of an amusing charac ter in the lecture that the lecturer thought, it needed an apology. He gave one accordingly, to this effect—" The Catholic," he said, " has so many sacred things, that he can afford to be merry on things not sacred;" i. e. he has so many holy images, holy pictures, heir bones, and teeth, and nails, and rags, that he can be• a jovial fellow when these are out of sight. This certainly is a miraculous work accomplished by the sacred things—their only well authenticated miracle which I have heard of as yet. These things are so holy, they have such a power of exercising a sacred influence on their worshipper, that they extract all gravity from him when handling things not sacred ! Such was his apology for affording us amusement, and, probably, you will agree with rae.that it was quite consistent with the rest. I have now done with the amusement, and wish I could come to his arguments. I have a vulgar prejudice in favour of argument, but I shall find it hard to indulge it on the present occasion ; and for this simple reason—that there is nothing to answer. I listened attentively to him for war o a single nearly two hours, but not --- argument fell from his lips. I must, then, be content to do the best I can without them ; and I shall divide my observations under the following heads :—His assump tions—his assertious—his allusions. 1. The great assumption which ran through the whole was this : that the Church of Rome and the Church of Christ are one and the same. But this is the very point that requires demonstration ; if the lecturer had proved jo ined the for us, there is not one of us but would have the Church of Rome at once. This is an old trick of Popish advocates; they talk of the Church and quote texts of scripture concerning the Church, and, then, assuming that they are to understand by these words their own Church, they take all these passages to them selves. Thus they represent those that reject their novelties and inventions as rejecting the authority of the Church, whereas no Christian can reject the Church, while hundreds of millions of Christians agree in reject ing the Church of Rome. This assumption ran through his whole performance ; thus, when in describing the difference between the Protestant and the infidel, he said that the one rejected the Word and the other rejected the Church—what he should have said was, that the other rejected the Church of Rome. Then, also, he quoted the well-known texts, "Tell it to the Church, and if he hear not the Church," &c. Again, " the Church of God, which is the pillar and the ground of the truth," But he never condescended to afford a shadow of reason for supposing that by " the Church," in these passages is meant the Church of Rome ;" but this is the very ques tion in dispute between us. Let him justify, if he can, this assumption • let him give us reason to believe that the Church of Rome is the Church of Christ, and we will undertake to seek refuge in the arms of his " warm hearted mother " to-morrow. _ But why might not a priest of the Greek Church, or the Abyssinian Church, or the Coptic Church, or the Armenian Church, or any other Christian denomination do the same ? Let us suppose the rev. lecturer addressing himself to an audience at St. Petersburg, where the claims of churchism are almost as exclusive as his own, what end would he accomplish by quoting these texts about the Church ? They would understand them of the Greek Church, and with, at least, as much reason as the Church of Rome applies them to herself. If he were to say, " hear the Church," the Greek priest would rejoin, "I do bear her; but you it is who reject her. You are a eohlematic," he would say s cut o' from the VARIETIES. CANDLEMAS.—At an early period a festival was ob served on this day commemorative of the presentation of Christ in the Temple, and the Purification of the Virgin. A profusion of lights was introduced with reference to Simeon's acknowledgment of Christ as "alight to lighten the Gentiles." In course of time the Romish Church performed a mass for the candles, and these waxen creatures ' having received benediction, were held in great esteem by the people. AERIAL MOTION.—Light travels at the rate of from one to three miles an hour ; a breeze, from four to five ; a brisk gale, from ten to fifteen ; a frese gale, from twenty to twenty-five ; a strong gale, from thirty to thirty-five ; a hard gale, from forty to forty-five; a storm, from fifty to sixty; and a hurricane, from eighty to one hundred. RICE As AN ARTICLE OE FOOD.—Rice is remarkable chiefly for the comparatively small proportion of gluten it contains. This does not exceed seven or eight per cent., less than half the quantity contained in oatmeal. In rice countries it has often been noticed; that the natives devour what to us appear enormous quantities of the grain, and this circumstance is ascribed to the small proportion it contains of the highly nutritive and necessary gluten. Rice contains also little fat, and hence it is less laxative than the other cereal grains, or rather it possesses some thing of a binding quality. It has recently been observed that, when substituted for potatoes in some of our work houses, in consequence of the failure of the potato, this grain has, after a few months, produced scurvy. This may have been owing as much to the effects of sudden change of diet as to an inherent evil property in the grain itself. Still it suggests, as many other facts do, the utility and wholesomeness of a mixed food —Johnston's Chemistry of Common Life. THE DUKE AND THE BUTTON-MAKER.—III the middle of the battle of Waterloo, the Duke saw a man in plain clothes, riding about on a cob-horse in the thickest fire. During a temporary lull, the Duke beckoned to him, and he rode over. He asked him who he was—what business he had there ? He replied he was an Englishman, acci dentally at Brussels, that he had never seen a fight, and wanted to see one. The Duke told him he was in instant danger of his life ; he said " Not more than your Grace," and they parted. But every now and then he saw the cob riding about in the smoke, and at last having nobody to send to a regiment, he again beckoned to this little fellow, and told him to go up to that regiment and order them to charge, giving him some mark of authority the colonel would recognise. Away he gallopped, and in a few minutes the Duke saw his order obeyed. The Duke asked him for his card, and found in the evening, when the card fell out of his sash, that he lived at Birmingham, and was a button manufacturer. When at Birmingham the Duke inquired of the firm, and found he was their traveller, and then in Ireland. When he returned, at the Duke's request, he called on him in London, The Duke was happy to see him, and said he bad a vacancy in the mint of £BOO a year, where accounts were wanted. The little cob man said it would be exactly the thing, and the Nile installed him,—Life of Haydon the Painter, Tim SWEARING BUMP.—A lady one day observed her little boy of some six summers, who was playing in tbe garden, showing signs of anger ; she said nothing, but he soon came in, and approaching her, said : " Ma, do the phrenologists say we have a swearing bump in our heads ?" His mother told him she did not know of any ; when the little fellow remarked that his head felt very queer, and he came near swearing , and he added, " Grand-pa has got a large bump on his head, and he swears awfully some times."—Knickerbocker. TILE WAVERLEY NOVELL—Happy the author whom the wise honour and children love ! As yet, the Waver ley novels stand alone ; surpassing their predecessors as much in beauty of narrative and masterly completeness of invention as in purity and morality of tone, they are scarcely less dissimilar to the present school. We are too deeply immersed in schisms and controversies, and the fierce life-and-death struggle of this " Latter-day" to pro duce an author with a genius equal to Walter Scott's, who would be content to devote it (even supposing, what is very problematical, that it would pay) to the production of volume after volume, with no other object but that of affording simple amusement, unspiced by satire and unfla voured by passion ; intended only to produce that happy, rational, and placid kind of enjoyment which we feel in the works of the great Scotch novelist. — Westminster Review. How THE IRISH "DRESS" THE POTATO.—The cabin boiled potato was dressed in two ways ; with and without the bone or the moon, as it is universally called by the genuine Irish. In the latter form, the potato was done to the heart, equally mealy throughout, and bursting its skin with fatness. This was the supper when children and young persons were to partake of the meal ; but when much work was to be done, or a long fast to be endured, the heart or central nucleus of the potato was allowed, by checking the boil at a particular period, to remain par boiled, hard, and waxy ; and when the rest of the potato had been masticated in the usual manner, this hard lump, about the size of a small walnut, was bolted ; and in this manner nearly a stone of the root was taken into the sto mach of the Irish labourer per diem. Now, although this practice might be bad cookery, it was grounded upon a certain knowledge of physiology. The stomach digested the well-boiled farinaceous portion of the potato within the space of a few hours, and that having been all disposed of, the half-boiled lumps remained behind, and a second diges tion commenced to assimilate this portion of food, and convert it into nutritious, life-sustaining material; which latter process lasted some hours longer, and thus the cravings of hunger were warded off for five or six hours after the original meal. Every girl in an Irish cabin pos sessed instinctively, what the most celebrated chef de cuisine never attained to, a power of knowing whether an egg or potato was " done," by simply holding it for an instant in the closed hand. The roasted potato was a deli dons morsel, but apt to produce heartburn, and therefore enjoyed only occasionally, and generally out of doors, when the potatoes were dio.cring, or the turf cutting: or saving ; and then a "caste" was made after the following fashion : —A hole was scooped out of the side of a ditch,. and a turf fire lighted therein. When the peat was nearly consumed, the coals were removed with a maiddie bristi, or wooden tongs, and the potatoes, enveloped in a layer of moist clay, placed in the hot earth and ashes, with the half-burned turf over them. There they were carefully watched by one of the "pickers," who called the labourers at the critical moment, and raked out the murphies, which were prepared for eating, not by peeling in the ordinary man ner, but by breaking the investiture of pottery in which they were encased, with a twisting motion. Thus dressed, they were remarkably white, dry, and mealy. Children particularly liked them k and we remember a hedge-school pedagogue, after eulogishig his class upon their proficiency and good behaviour during their previous hours of study, , conclude by desiring them to be good boys ;to take care of their books; to come early next morning; to bring a sod of turf under each oxter, and a pocketful of praities, that they might be reading and roasting all day."—Dublin University Magazine. MILITARY STRENGTH or RITSSIA.—But if western Europe has little to fear from the rivalry of Russian art or the flights of Russian genius, it is otherwise with the imitation of the military art, which has been carried to the very highest point in the Muscovite armies. The army consisted in 1840 of 72 regiments of infantry, 24 of light cavalry, 90 batteries of foot and 12: of horse artillery. Each regiment consists of 7 battalions of 1000 men each ; so that the infantry alone, if complete, would contain above 500,000 men. The guards,, which are composed of the elite of the whole male population of the empire, con sists of 12 regiments of infantry, 12 of cavalry, 12 batteries of foot and 4 of horse artillery, which• are always kept complete. Besides this, there are 24 regiments of heavy reserve cavalry, and 12 batteries of reserve horse-artillery, and the corps of the Caucasus, Orenburg; Siberia, Fin land, and the interior, which contain 100 battalions of 1000 men each, 50 regiments of cavalry, and 36 batteries of cannon. Besides these immense forces, the emperor has at his disposal 164 regiments of Cossacks, each con taining 800 warriors, of whom 56 come from the steppes of the Don, and are superior to any troops in the world for the service of light cavalry. If these immense forces were all complete, they would contain above 800,000 infantry, 250,000 horses, and 100,000 artillerymen. But the ranks are very far indeed from being complete; and in no country in the world is the difference so great be tween the numerical force of an army on paper and its, effective muster in the field. The reason is, that nume rous officers in every grade have an interest in represent ing the force as greater than it really is ; as they draw pay and rations for the whole, and. appropriate such as is allotted to the non-existing to themselves. Still, after making every allowance for these great deficiencies, it is not going too far to assert that Russia, when her strength is fully called forth, could produce 400,000 infantry, 100,000 cavalry, and 50,000 artillerymen for service beyond her own frontier, though the distances. of the empire are so great that it would require more than a year to bring even the half of this immense force to bear on any point in Europe or Asia.—Sir Archibald Alison's History of Europe. THE "PRINT SHor."—A print-shop is a mirror• in which we see ourselves, our weaknesses, our vanities, our absurdities, our affectations. It is a lower gallery of the Fine Arts, and the groups which gather there to study the Sublime and the Beautiful are not without their interest for the speculative eye. The group at that print window, for example. Sir Peregrine Bobbinnet, just alighted from his cab, a few paces off, examines through his fixed glass the motley round of prints to. find. if there be one he has not, and with a smile of satisfaction he salutes them all as old acquaintances. Ralph Scumble, whose overworked frock coat, exhibiting sly patches of pigment, tells his vocation, is gathering hints for an original sketch,—now dwelling on the dainty tarn of a grisette's head—now appropriating the graceful outline of an Andalusian peasant —and anon sighing at that degra dation of public taste which fills the shop windows with. Frank Stone. Dowlas, the neat man next him, is mea suring heroic forms for suits of clothes, and casting up the account of a " full fig" for the Farnese Hercules. Prof. Megilp relapses into his black cap and gown, as he theo rises on the different arts and their respective value. Wayworn Scraper is lost in wonder and dismay at the variety of the Victorian period, and he sighs for the sim pler unity of the Georgian era, when flat mezzotints represented the worthies of the century, or soothing stip ple mellowed into shadow the startling absurdities of an epic costume on the shoulders of bilious old gentlemen. The little urchin gazes at the wonders before him with a very respectful want of appreciation,. until his eye lights on the image of his grandmother at home a-darning his other stockings. That pretty girl is, evidently puzzled to perceive why people should look into print-shops for charming faces when better ones are to be found outside. With the microcosm in the window and the microcosm in front of it for subject, a moralising Jaques might find much food for speculation. The Art-shops have this advantage over others—they offer something which may be carried off, and become the property of the spectator, without subjecting him to any fear of bearded policemen and ermined judges. The gazer gains something—the vendor loses nothing. A man cannot look at a Twelfth night cake until it becomes his own—nor at a pair of boots until he has worn them out. But the print " once seen becomes a part of sight." He stays before a picture until he has exhausted it according to his capacity ; and feels his virtuoso greediness has neither tantalised his neighbour nor deprived him of a meal.—Athenceum. USEFUL KNOWLEI)GE. -- COOKEILY. — Among the com mon things to the teaching of which public attention is now strongly directed, it is to be hoped that the art of cookery—one of the commonest, and yet, apparently, one of the most difficult and neglected of all—will not be for gotten. The instruction of the female peasantry in this useful art would be as advantageous to themselves when settled on their own hearths as to the families of the middle classes, in which before marriage they officiate as domestic servants. Emigration and abundance of em ployment have given to the servants at home the upper hand as completely as if they were in Australia. On all sides we hear complaints of the difficulty of finding, and of retaining when found, a cook who can roast a leg of mutton, and make batter-pudding or pea-soup. In point of fact, we have heard of ladies who have it in serious contemplation to dispense with servants altogether, as the least troublesome alternative. Without wishing matters carried quite so far, we are convinced that many of our fair friends would lose nothing, either in point of respectability or happiness, while they could add at least one-third to the effective incomes of their husbands, if they were to spend a little more time in their kitchens, superintending the preparation of the family dinner, in stead of contenting themselves with ordering it—if, indeed, they condescended to do even that. Some forty years back ladies were driven to shoemaking as a fashion able way of killing time. Why not try a little cooking ? Thanks to the modern stoves, with their nicely-arranged skillets and stewpans, which science and mechanical skill have substituted for the blazing kitchen hearth of other days, young ladies of the 19th century, just passing its prime, may cook without soiling their fingers or in juring their complexions. Were it not so, we would not recommend them to cook. We would rather live on bread and cheese all the days of our lives. It will be said, perhaps, that our notions with regard to female education and employment are too antiquated—that in these matters, as in everything else, a new era has dawned, and the solid course of instruction now given in colleges for ladies will be triumphantly appealed to. Ladies, however, who possess these solid acquirements—who, like Lady Jane Grey, prefer Plato to a pic-nic, will be least likely to neglect the economy of the kitchen. They will thoroughly understand the dignity of the employ ment, and call to mind all the poetry of cooking. To say nothing of the dinner which Milton describes Eve as preparing, when "on hospitable thoughts intent," there are the Homeric banquets, at which kings literally " killed their own meat," and at which queens and prin cesses turned the spit for the roasting, or drew the water and chopped wood for the boiling. Cooking is classical, and no lady will disdain to take part in it who has read of these feasts in the original Greek. Let it be observed that it is the middle and working classes on whom we wish to urge the importance of the study. An earl's daughter can afford to be so ignorant of common things as not to be able to recognise chickens in a poultry-yard, because they do not run about with a liver under one wing and a gizzard under the other, though our modern poultry shows, it must be confessed, will tend much to dissipate this error. A knowledge, however, of the art of cooking is of more importance to the wives of the labouring population than to those of the middle classes, because it is the art, when properly cultivated, of making a little go a great way. A French army can subsist in a country where an English one would starve, and chiefly for this ,reason,—that the French Soldier can enet,—= ilfarfi-lahe Express, Church of Christ, and your church is not a true Church, but the synagogue of Satan ; your Popes and cardinals, and priests and bishops are ' false apostles, deceitful workers, transforming themselves into the apostles of Christ.' The temple of the Lord, the temple of the Lord, the temple of the Lord, ARE WE." And, I ask, has not the Greek priest as much right, at least, as the priest of Rome to speak thus ? Judge, then, how idle it is to imagine that the quoting of such passages as these accomplishes anything for Ins purpose. That which he must prove is his right to them ; he must give us some good reason to believe that wherever the word " church " is used in scripture it means the Church of Rome ; and when can he prove that ? When he proves that darkness is light— that pride is humility—that cruelty is mercy —that fals hood is truth—that a bloody persecuting spirit is the spirit of the meek and lowly Jesus—that the strumpet seated upon many waters, with a cup full of abominations in her hand, drunken with the blood of the saints and of the martyrs of Jesus, is the chaste and holy and spotless bride of the Lamb. This question lies at the foundation of the whole con troversy, and is of the utmost importance. If the Church of Rome is the Church of Christ, then are the Papists right in applying to her the promises made to the church, I, therefore, direct the attention of my Roman Catholic hearers prominently to this question, What right have you to assume that your church is the Church of Christ ? There are two propositions which I undertake to main tain, and I hereby challenge Mr. Anderdon to their calm discussion, either orally or in writing, as he may prefer. Ist—That the church of Rome and the church of Christ are two distinct things, and, 2d, that they are not only distinct, but in every prominent and important feature diametrically the opposite to each other. _ _ The rev. lecturer was pleased to be a little pleasant on the subject of the church, as I am told, in his former lec ture. He compared the protestant church to one of the old-fashioned safes for preserving documents with all the pavers burnt to cinders, and the Church of Rome to one of Milner's patent safes with the documents preserved. It struck me that such allusions to burning the Word of God and to locking up the Word of God were very con rageoua in a Romish Priest.. The Scriptures are, indeeds kept safe by them. They have taken away the key of knowledge, and neither enter in themselves, nor permit others to enter. The Church of Rome did, indeed, lock up the Scriptures. The chest in which she put them was trebly locked and barred. The first bolt was a dead lan guage, by which they were concealed. The second was the express prohibition against the reading of them with out the permission of the confessor; and the third and worst of all was-the bar of councils and traditions, which made void the Word of God. Thus the pope locked up the Word of God' and put the key in his pocket. He neither used it hhaself, nor permitted others to use it. But there is a maskr-key which God had never given to the pope, and He opened the chest. One touch of His finger turned that key—drove back the bars and bolts of the prison -house, in which His word was bound—unfet tered human thought, and human heart,, and human con science from papal chains and bondage . — and set the soul of man at liberty. Since then bible-burning has been the part of popish tactics, but the more they burn it the more it multiplies. The very flames they kindle seem as a beacon-light to warn mankind against them, and lead the souls of sinners to the quiet waters of pardon, truth, and peace. _ _ _ Ir.—The lecturer treated as to some assertions. Let me give you a few specimens of these. First, in order to depreciate the right of private- judgment,. he made the strange assertion that he who interpreted the law, assumed authority nearly equal to that of the legislator himself. Thus the Christian, who opens the • Word of God and reads it, and prays to God to helps him to understand it ands to keep it, is, according to the lecturer,- guilty of assuming to himself the prerogative of God. The asser tion is so reckless, and involves , so many gratuitous assumptions, that it is difficult to doal seriously with it. As; however, I have not the advantage of any holy bones or beads to run to when I return home, you must excuse my treating it as seriously as possible: In the first place, then, I deny altogether the:parallel assumed between the legislator among' men and God, as the giver of his word to his Church. The human legis lator enacts laws, but he has no power. to secure their permanence nor their authority. God, otaithe other hand, not only enacts his laws for his Church, bit secures their permanence and their authority :—" This is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord : I will put my laws into theiismind, and write them in their hearts ; and I will be to theism God, and they shathbe to me a people." (Heb. viii. 10.) , So in the very first step the analogy assumed breaks down, But, in the next place, I deny the parallel assumed. etween the judge upon the bench and the legislator whose laws he interprets ::the business of the latter is simply to decide which is the will of the former. Were the judges indeed, to set aside - the law, and substitute his owniwill instead, then wouldikie be intruding into the office of the lawgiver, but in doings so he would be renouncing the of the judge : thus- in the second stage the analogy altogether fails. Thirdly, I deny that any analogy exists between the judge upon the bench and the Bible Chriitian. The judge is interpreting the laws for others—the Christian is learning " and obeying" the law of God for himself. The human judge is bringing others to account for transgres sion against the law—the Christian is informing himself of the will of his God, knowing that for his with, as well as for his conduct, he must render an account. Again, therefore, the analogy breaks down. But it struck me that this comparison is highly illus trative of the blasphemous nature of the cairns asserted by the Church of Rome. Mind, the assertion is this—that he who undertakes to interpret the word of God assumes a power slickest the same as that of God bingself thus, confessedly, the Church of Rome puts herself in the place of God ; mad not only the Church of Roma; but every individual priest of that Church, does this, for the priest is the exponent to the people—he undertakes to guide their opinion—he makes himself responsible for their faith—he interprets for them, and interprets authorita tively too;_ so that, by his own confession, this man makes himself equal with God. Is not this the very character described an the Scriptures, " Who, as God; sitteth in the temple of God, showing himself that he is God." (2nd These. ii. &) Is not this, indeed, to have - dominion over the faith of the people, the very thing whieltSt. Paul disa vows ? Is not this to "lord it over God's .heritage," the very thing which St. ,Peter forbids ? This-same assumption is exhibited in the next assertion which I orill refer to. The rev. lecturer-defined Protes tantiswsto be simple rebellion against Divine authority— the first: manifestation of which, he said i aras in Eve when she ate the forbidden fruit. This act, he said, was the following of human private judgment isis opposition to the authority of God ; and to this the lecturer compared the conduct of the Protestant in rejecting the authority of the , Holy See! Now, on this I remark (I)—That it affords a striking illustration of the.authority claimed for the See of Rome. He that refuses, to obey the Pope is gnilty of the same sin as Eve when she violated the com mand, " Thou shalt not eat thereof?! So much is plain. There is no possibility of mistake: o—Then I proceed toosk on what ground such authority, is claimed for the Bishop of Rome ? Is not this a proper question to ask ? Itsit not a necessary question? Will you give yourself over blindfold to the dictation of.Se mass who tells you that he has the same authority as God himself ? And that for no better reason than because he.tells you so ? Is this the ground of your faith? Is, this the foundation on which you rest your soul? Oh ! but you will say, I obey the Pope because he is the: successor of St. Peter. Now mark the inconsistency of - this—you first-proscribe private judgment in order to set up the , authority of your Pope, and then you appeal to private judgment to establish that authority. For, how ranch do you settle by private judg ment before you can assume that the Pope is the successor of St. Peter ? Must you-not prove• first, that Peter himself, in his own person, had, that authority ? And must you not prove that Peterwassto have successors to himself in. the exercise of that, authority? And, after you have set-. tled all this by an appeal - to your own private judgments, must you not then prove, at the same tribunal, that the, Pope is that successor? And even if you succeed in, proving this, will it-not remain to be settled whether this promise is absolute , or conditional ? And, if the latter, whether the cosnlitions, have been fulfilled by the Pope.? And suppose, new, you succeed in proving all this, hew is it proved ? By appeal• to private judgment, the very, right which you denounce, and the exercise of which you de clare to be rebellion and infidelity. (3)—But whois it that really does;rebel, against the plain command of God ? Who is it that permits what God forbids, and; forbids what God permits ? Who is it that makes moist the Word of God by her traditions ? Who is it that, when God says, "thou shalt not bow down," says yestmay bow down, and not only so, but you must bow down to them ? Who is it that, when God says, " thou shalt worship THE LORD your GiNs,and HIM ONLY shalt thouserve," delibe rately teaches that you may and must worship. the Virgin and the. saints ? Who is it that, when God says, " the blood of Jesua Christ cleanses from all sin," deliberately alters t.he testimony of God, and says that it does,not, but that your sins must be remitted by indulgences ? Who is it, that, when God says, "there is no, condemnation to them that are in Christ Jesus," declares that this is false, that there is still left condemnation, which her masses must be purchased to remove ? Who, is that, when God says, "obey the powers that be," declares I will not obey, but command them, and that it is, absolutely necessary for every human being to be subject to, the Pope ? Who is it that, when God says, "thou shalt do no murder," teaches that murder is lawful, when the interests of the church require it ? Who is it that, when God says, " thou shalt love thine enemies," &c., declares that heretics may be persecuted even to death, and, under this name, has ac tually and does still perseeute the people of God.? Who is it that, when God says, "search the Scriptures," impera tively forbids her people. to do so, under pain of excommu nication ? Who is this arch-offender, the originator of all schism in Christendom—the fountain of all abomina tions in society P—The Church of Rome. So much for: rebellion against authority. But the reverend gentleman was pleased to describe the difference between Protestantism and infiderstY The difference s —for he did allow a difference, —runs thus Infidelity pure," said he, " rejects the divine authority, speaking through the moral government of the universe and the written word ; Protestantism re- jects the same authority speaking through the Church, It never occurred to the lecturer that in thus distinguish- ing between the authority of the word and that of the Church, i.e., his Church, he was making an admission fatal to himself. He unconsciously admitted, you per ceive, that a man may reject the authority of his Church, and yet not reject the authority of the word of God. We thank him for the admission, and now go on to say, by way of improvement of his statement, the Protestant rejects the authority of his Church because he acknow ledges the authority of the word of God. But, after describing Protestantism thus, as simple rebellion against divine authority, as, in fact, the same in spirit as infidelity, commonly so called—after repre senting the exercise of private judgment to be the claiming of a right to reckon the word of God to mean anything we please—the lecturer somewhat inconsistently found out that Protestants, after all, have " a tradition of their own." So that " the question is not between Scripture and tradition, but between one tradition and another." We were rather curious to hear how he would endeavour to establish this point; we expected, at last, that we should be treated with an argument, but we were mis taken—the lecturer had no idea of coming from his " iambics," and descending into the prosaic ground of reasoning ; and instead of an argument he gave us a quo tation. And who do you suppose was his chosen autho rity by wjiich to prove that, after all, we Protestants set tqa OUP own tradition the sermons of la ligtnnzan t TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1854. See how Papists and Socinians combine together to put dishonour on the word of God ; the one receives it only as it agrees with his reason, the other receives it only as it agrees with his tradition. They may well borrow weapons from one another's armoury ; we wish them joy of the company they choose. Before I leave the subject of his assertions, I must touch upon one more point. The rev. lecturer seemed much satisfied with this, and gave it out in a tone of considerable emphasis : " I will now distinctly say," he exclaimed, and we wondered what the distinct announce ment was to be, " I will now distinctly say that the Church, and not Protestantism, has the gift of satisfy ing her members." We naturally again looked for some reason, some argument upon the subject. We did not doubt that the lecturer, at present, is satisfied with the change which he has made, but we would gladly have heard some solid reason for his satisfaction. We remembered what the apostle teaches, that firm persua sion is good only in a good cause—we knew that never were men more satisfied with themselves than were the heathens of Ephesus, when they cried out in the enthusiasm of their idolatry, " great is Diana of of the Ephesians," and therefore we naturally looked for some intelligent reason for that satisfaction of which the lecturer boasted, but again we were disappointed ; the' only attempt to account for it was the statement of the fact the Catholic is persuaded that he is right. "Ac count for it as you will," said he, " the Catholics are firmly persuaded that their church is the true one, &c. &c." My reply to this is, first, a simple denial of the statement; for it is notorious that were the Papal Church in Italy and Austria left to depend upon herself, and not supported by the gens d'armerie and the soldiery, she would have long since had an empty house. In the next place, lam happy to say, that, whilemany are, no doubt, under the comfort able impressions alluded to by the lecturer, many of them are findinc , out their mistake—they are discoveri ng th a t they have been in a smiting ship, and are abandoning the Papal Church by thousands every year, and seeking and finding real satisfaction in the Church of Christ. But, while on this head, the lecturer once more treated us to a quotation, and this time his weapon was taken from the reviews of the famous Goethe, and he greatly felicitated himself upon the discovery. He introduces it with the following flourish : " I cannot illustrate him better than quote from a writer whom you will at once acquit of any Romanizing ten dency—one who, in conjunction. with Schiller, led the mind of modern Germany to its• present fearful bias to wards latitude in belief. He was. a man whose powerful imagination certainly never ran away in his intellect ; and poet as he was, you all see, in the following extract, that he complains of Protestantism simply in its philosophical and spiritual aspect. You may have guessed my witness ; he is no , other than the poet and philinropher Goethe." Thenifbilows the quotation in whichlthe author of " The Sorrows , of Werther" gives, indeed, a description of popery worthy of a German mystic and a poet too. It is, perhaps, alinont unnecessary to occupy your time with this authority,. but the value of it will appear more mani fest when I remind you that there was a period in the life of that famous man in which he came-into connexion with a party itr. the Lutheran Church, which answered to the Puseyite party in the Church of England, during this time his mindtappears to have been unsettled on the sub ject of religion,. but I am happy to say that he subse quently avowed himself a Protestant. In confirmation of this, I will read you an extract from " The Characteristics of Goethe, by Milner," vol. 1, page 311-- `' The aesthetie or critical school now sought and found a new point of union, The Schlegels, Tieck, and Novali, wrote in a strain of profound admiration of the forms of Catholicism. They lauded mystical philosophy,. repres rented the middle ages and the institutions of chivalry a the highest and most' glorious form of human society, and wrote sonnets to the Virgin Mary. " Meanwhile, themischief they did was great.. They appear to have combined in the attempt to render Catho licism once more the reigning church ; and, however romantic this may sound, it is certain that Friedfiech Schlegel (who was thcnin the Austrian service) and Tieck adopted the Catholic- faith. Novalis did not rencmee Protestantism, but his tendency to mysticism in religion was favourable to the-cause of his friends. " The sound mind of the German nation repugned these pernicious vagaries, though traces of them are to be dis cerned in the latest philosophical writings. The pantheis tical tendency of Schell' 8-'s philosophy was not opposed to this school ; even Miller unconsciously fell under the suspicion of having evinced a leaning to Catholicism inids Marie Stuart. Goethe, between the years 1820 and 1830, declared himself frankly and decidedly for Protestantiim, and nothing remained.to the Schlegels, after this abortii-e attempt at changing the •opinions of the nation, but to betake themselves to some other field of action." So much for the flourish with which this extract is int-e -duced. The lecturer,_ when he read it, showed us that, he understood the meaning of, at least, one German word, and I could not help thinkhig it would be well if he better un derstood the meaning of the good old English word "fair play." have promised to notice some of the rev. he turer's allusions., andl regret that it is impossible to de them the justice which they deserve. I can only, in:a cursory way, refer tetwo or three. First, then, he alluded, with a very triumphant air, .to the number of his co-religionists-150,000,000, as he said, of Catholics. I believe he has greatly overstated the mat ter here. lam well aware, too, that the great majority.of his communion are far from being sincere believers dis their faith, and, if they were, why what then ? Is not the reverend gentleman aware that the number.-of idolators in British , India alone is equal to the num ber which he claims foc his church throughout the world ? Is the number an argument then for the truth of their opinions ? If so, the Hindoos have an equal claim, and the worshippers of Boodh have, at least, double the claim to assert the truth of their creed. But the lec turer, in passing, ventured to allude to persecution —ven tured, I say, for it does require courage in a priest of Rome to refer to this subject. Persecution, indeed, from the lips of one when after abandoning the protestant faith, is permitted to stand up and ridicule and misrepresent it, without let or hindrance, in the midst of protestant Eng land ! How woul the gentleman feel if his change had been made the other way at Rome ? Suppose him to have abandoned that church, and have placarded the .walls-of Rome with a notice of a lecture to this effect :—" There.is a church on earth, and that church is not a papal body"— he would soon,: 13 fancy, learn what persecution- is, and learn to value the toleration of that creed which he now reviles. Another allusion of the lecturer has afforded., a scarcely less remarkable proof of courage. He referred to the papal slender of the illegitimacy of Elizabeth.. Does not the lecturer know that the Pope offered .to acknow ledge her legitimacy, provided she would acknowledge his supremacy ? and he, an Englishman, in the • face of.' an English audience, is content to make the legitimacy of an English queen dependent on the nod of an Italian priest ! He ventueedi, also, to allude to the character of King Henry VIIL—a king who never was a protestant at all, and spoke:a4great deal on the interference of protestant sovereigps-. in the progress of the Reformation. Truly, the advocates of Rome excel in face, and it must be con fessed that their cause requires all thattthey can. muster. But, let, me ask, from whom did the Pope first obtain the title of, universal bishop ? From the ; emperor Phocas—a man who,had murdered his master the emperor, the em press,, and all the royal family. Arukhow did this infa mous ,Matt interfere in spiritual matters by the Pope's express. request ? I will tell you. how. The , council of Constantinople had, in A.D. 588,_, conferred the title of universal bishop on the patriarchs of Constantinople, and Pkosas issued an edict revoking this decree, and conferring the-title on the Pope. Truly the.reference to the character of princes, and their interference in ecclesiastical affairs, comes badly from a priest of Rome, But, I ask again, whence did:the Pope acquire his cha muter as a temporal prince . ?- In a manner equally 'respectable with that of universal bishop. The infa mous Pepin, when mayor the palace to Childeric 111., the King of France, conceived the idea of dethroning his master and usurping his throne, but before proceeding to I do so he wrote, to Pope &diary to ask whether it would bworshipping, as usual, the rising lawful to singsun,an d s o it wired Th in e F th: Re aifirmative, and in return was rewarded by the grant a extensive territories, which were afterwards greatly enlarged by Pepin's son, the famous Charlemagne. Thus, both the - spiritualiprimaey and the temporal power of the Pope of Rome originated in the grants of temporal princes, and princes Only by usurpation. Now, if these instances are not enough,, take one more. The Emperor Constantine Copronimus assembled a council at Con stantinople, in A.D. 754.. This council condemned the worship of images ;. and is held by the Greek Church to be the seventh genera counell The Latins, however, rejected it. In the, year , 787, the Empress Irene, who had murdered ha own; husband, in order to strengthen herself on the throne, entered into an alliance with the , Pope, and assembled a council at Nice, which reversed the decrees of that of Constantinople, and established the worship of images. The Latins affirm that this comvil at Nice is the seventh general council, while the Greeks hold by that at Constantinople. Who is to decide the question—thed'ope ? Why he is one of the parties. to the quarrel, How, then, is the question to be deo:tided ? Where is the infallible testimony ? It is here—ii} we blessed Word, of God, which says, " Thou shalt not both down to them nor worship them." So much for the rev. lecturer's historical allusions. But the lecturer said that the English reformation, was altogether the work of government. Suppose it was so ; does not the question still remain whether the work was a good one or not ? Was not the overthrow of heathenism in the• Roman empire and the establishment of Christianity the c work of the government ? Was Christianity, therefbre, wrong ? and does it follow that the Protestant religion is wrong, because the government approved of and aided it ? —nay, was not the act of the temporal power in estab lishing the reformed religion far less open to exception than the original establishment of Christianity ? For the latter was the introduction of a new religion, and the ex pulsion of the old ; the former,. on the other hand, was but the restoration of the religion of the country to its original purity. It is a false assertion that a new religion was established at the reformation ; the Protestant religion is new only in the sense in which a man may be said to be a new man, who, after having lain for years with his limbs disabled by palsy, he rises from his bed, restored to health and energy. The church was renewed at the reformation just as the face of the earth is renewed when, after the death-like barrenness of the winter months, the sunshine of spring smiles again upon the valleys, and the life-blood once more circulates in bush, and flower, and tree. You have no doubt heard the illustration employed by the poor convert of Dingle on this subject. A priest of Dame addressed him with the hackneyed question " Where was your church before Luther ?" Paddy curtly replied, " Where was your reverence's face before it was washed this morning ?"_ I say, then, that the part taken by the government was not, as represented by the lecturer, the establishment of a new religion; it was the re-establishment of pure Chris tianity in the land. Was it an unrighteous part that King Josiah acted, when he exercised his royal authority on behalf of true religion, and accomplished a reformation in his kingdom ? Read the account of it as given in 2 Kings, xxiii. 1-25, and say, was not this exactly the part -acted by our British sovereigns when they purged the land from papal corruptions and abuses ? Or King Hezekiah—was he wrong when he ordered the priests and, Levites to cleanse the temple and re-establish the pure worship of God ? See 2 Chrou. xxix. 1-80. Now I ask the rev. lecturer, might not any of the corrupt priesthood have oblectecl walnut Wit; interferoW 9g the civil poor in matters of religion with justice equal to which he condemns the reformation on the ' But the lecturer speaks most dispara fathers of the Reformatiom ; in this he slam it is the habit of Rome to slander all that resist it is curious that he who speaks so strong'. righteously of his opponents, should quietly, part of his lecture, declare that his faith is no the accusations which he confesses are frequi against the moral character of his c vfn partizans, " cardinals, monks, and nuns. he maintains make nothing against the - system. If this be so, then why endeavour to insinuation against the church which he has by the unworthy imputations which he against her martyrs and confessors ? with him, that a system may be true, n ing the unworthiness of its members, as. rule; but there may be exceptions to the pretensions of the system, on the one such as to be inconsistent with any great irreligion in its members, and if, on the other corruption has very generally prevailea in the very fountain-head of authority, in seat of infallibility, and the depository, of then, I maintain that the truth of its claims' And now let me give you some specimens of' —not of nuns or monks, or even cardinals, themselves—and you shall form what like concerning their infallibility. Genebrard says, " Fifty popes, in one hum years, from John VIII. till Leo IX, entirely from the sanctity of their ancestors, and were rather than apostolical." Baronius, in his annals of the tenth cent labour for language to express the base degef popes, and the frightful deformity of the pop shocking monsters," says the annalist, " inti pontifical chair, who were guilty of robbery, simony, dissipatior4 tyranny, sacrilege, pe kinds of miscreancy. Candidates destitute site qualification were promoted to the papal all the canons ansl traditions of antiquity were and outraged." Giannone says, "The' Church was then in a disorder—in a chaos of iniquity." "John XII. ascended- the papal throne in eighteenth year of his age. His youthful eharacterized by barbarity and pollution. all his predecessors," says Platina, " in deo holiness, in a Roman synod, before Otho the found guilty of blasphercy,,perjury, profanatil simony, sacrilege, adultery, incest, constr murder. Fear of violationfrom Peter's st female pilgrims, maids, matrons, and with ing Peter's tomb. His infallibility, then attend the synod, to answer for these but excommunicated the email in- the name of God." " The pontifical villain was deposed by th e , council, but he afterwards regained the holy see , a', caught in adultery, was killed," says' Suetbrandl,, devil, or, more probably, by the injured husband. " John," says Bellarmine, " was- nearly the ' of the popes:7' Such are a few out of many specimens which give you of theinfallible heads of the:Chnrch who rejoice in the title of "Your Holiness j " be the representatives of Christ on earth.- case such as I have supposed ? Are not the claiT!;,, versal supremacy in the Church of Christ, of judge of all creatures, of faith and works; of b e . „o vicar of Christ on earth, of being the infallible fel", truth, and the very keystone of the Christian arc' whom it is necessary'to be in communication ie °n be saved, and whose excommunication is perdit o o , lasting—are not these claims, I ask, perfectly such exhibitions of abominable atrocity as- thee fla of monks, and nuns, and cardinals, indeed ! 01 1, 0 may let them pass now.- One need only consult4o tory of the popes themselves for a practical coaw" on the value of a visible head. The lecturer spoke very cavalierly on tbis•s etij it was his safest course. ‘ll O " Meanwhile, lam not concerned to look out for 0 now fashionable to call signs of life in her wholo'voi to be the church of the living. God. She haa g d evidence of being the heavenly spouse, though s t. " 0 110, here and there dishonoured in her children. 1 e;', d ,f with recognising in the church :the true Jerusx': — out going out to seek her in Utopia." How satisfied the rev. convert is with " his belovecil, What a pity that he did not condescend to tell the well-authenticated claims may be which 101 cto conviction to his mind. Had he done so, one woul d a b much pleasure in examining them--but in the %,3); any proof of their existence, and in the face or De' dence to the contrary, we can o n ly suppose the ' gone to teach them in some Utopia of .his own. r 0 The lecturer alluded several times to the right ()VS, judgment, and, as usual, with Romish disputant s, pletely misrepresented it. The right of pr i v ate J' f a i ti is not the right of chosing your religion ace ° dot your inclination, but it is the rig ht o r rather thy choosing your religion according to what God The exercise of private judgment is not the re.7-e, divine authority, but it i s the a ct of t es ting the e 09 ,1 forth to having divine authority. And I sag, t" only the right but the imperative- duty. of eve i y, who pretends to have a religion at all:: He Wil e his religion to be from God without any better.., than the assumed authority of his church, not believing at all in God, but placing fidence in man. But there never was anYth i° V absurd than to deny the right of. private .i 1 11; Why, as has been well said by Archbishop. Virb? is not the right b u t th e necessity, of , Pr.ivate •- 1 1 It is a gift inh eren t i n human n ature.; ,it is the of every reaso na b, soul, ndl tration of this. 'When he abjured, the faith 0.1 there, and surrendered himself to, the teacl ll4 or rev, ec th turer e vex Church of Rome, he will tell us that he gave u Set , ',, yisa .himself m of se r if erf: an exercise of it:' ' Th e rate judgment ; but was not the very act all fuo,i it ? And is not his whole religion, actuaDY yol j after all, on that very right which he abjures ? answer emphatically this question. By what °to than that of private judgment, has he become of the Church of Borne ? [At this point of the proceedhigs, the. Revs Drr Lv ' rose to leave the meeting, when there was an and loud call for the reverend doctor to. , addressed a few good-h umoure d. and well-suiteti the audience which elicited hearty applause,-,au`" the genial feeling, after which he retired,] and The Rev. J. B. Lows resumed, by saYila.24 i already told you I have no holy rags or canon o t under shelter of which I may make money, rej entreat your indulgence while I offer a few, brie' il r in reference to the Church.. The arguments' wef,, could be called arguments, of. Mr. AnderdeL l ' o f ‘,i prove that the Church of Rome and the. ChuraP to d" . 4 were synonymous terms. By what argunlel l co t:, attempt to prove this ? By nothing, but t l 3- 0 ,4 0 , ' statements and arrogant assumptions. 1.P.,. 0 0 I on the other hand will undertake, to , r h e the Church of Rome. is not only not 7. 5 ,)) but that it is diametrically. opposed.to IL. (Cilte, Church in early times, and among primitive_ d r was the term applied to , the meeting_ of w.orstorr e i given locality, hence the. Church, of Rome 0 1 1 4 i church in Rome ; so,of Ephesus and other charli l ,l the Scriptural Church, of which Christ is the b e3 tl,',, invisible Church above, against which,. we ar e 11 7 ,' gates of hell shall not prevail,; and,. by' union A ro) Christians are made, members of Christ's bo d l' e ol)+, him shall triumph over hell and the grave ; 1 / 1 1 " ) no man can become a participator unless he be r,O ', by the Holy Ghost. It is a miserable sophvot would endeavour. to confound our Church with t) edifice in which its members, meet, much less " 36 1 Church of Rome. (Loud cheers.) In conclosil' e i, beg of my Roman Catholic hearers to give up ' e V ; in externals,, and place their faith in that Oa which is the symbol,of things, unseen—to relirl c lP, nexion with. those things which, though plessV, eye, are like Dead-sea fruits, turning in the ma fit; and ashes—to give up the. worship of any eb be fi mere church, and to place their reliance on t, e itll t ages, preferring him whom, having not seen, ir ,) In conclusion, let me say I am sorry the Rev.,l o t'i don is,not here to explain. his own views, an oil s any Misrepresentations of his opinions which 1 , ,fk tentionally have been, led into. If I have in 0 0 , ) ; e 19 represented him, lam sorry for it, and may COn'''' o , assure you I did not intend it. ce The rev. gentleman sat down amidst loud and s ,„ cheering, similar tokens of enthusiasm and Ad riP baying been. expressed on nume rous occas ions ''"' delivery of his lecture. -at The CIIAIRAA.N, on the subsidence of the 0 1 quired whether Mr. Anderdon was present, o r ' any one authorised by him was desirious of 03 remarks or of asking any questions? Nor made, and The Rev. S. MIN TON rose to propos , meeting to. the Rev. Mr. Lowe for which he had confuted the sophisms for the vast amount of research he ' the subject, as well as for the truly pervaded his lecture. In reference remarked, that gentleman had toll. Catholic priest attempted ,to dissecei be at once brought to book. An Luis+ might be found in Dr. Cahill, but worthy had been found tripping an l „ book. That lecturing gentleman had. aware, traversing the countryand, - respecting transubstantiation.. In Roman Catholic Ramble r , , th e orga • Catholics, says that his published produce on the intelligent mind tress ; that his expressions in co; has been carried away by excitemi the last degree. The gambler confirm Protestants in , their e,rrol part a virtual denial of the very foun faith. (Loud cheers,) He easel& thanks to the Rev. Mr. Lowe, al. elusion of a long and eloquent speed The Rev. J. BARDSLEY seconded carried by acclamation. The Rev, J. B. LOWE acknowk and, in doing so, expressed his regret should have occurred, in fixing the such a manner as might seem to of the Pastoral Aid Society. The cireuing , ' - f ;et eI purely accidental, and arose chiefly freln the o tliel could not obtain the use of the hall on 9, 03 r for a considerable time to come. + 8 of 1 1) ;0 1 The Rev. W. Porxoes moved that a "-- passed to the chairman, in doing which 11,e„ ante great length on the•singularity of that taani e rk i i induce any gentleman who, like Mr. - 4. 1 , 11 0 110 1 , deserted the faith in which he had been to e 4 come forward, and sneer at, and villifY ? 1 , with whom they had acted as ministers of tneettiop pretended cordiality for many years. Il e chairman for the de v ot e d ne s s a nd alacili e reV) all times, displayed in forwarding the to w 0 , 1 testantism ; and concluded by calling °11 , 0 0 0 .0 Convey to him their thanks by hearty accm - yaoti‘ The Rev. G. 1 4 , IRELAND seconded OA w s Carried amidst loud cheers. the co r The Rev.W. P. TAILOR acknoviellged after which. the doxology cgs , hung, 411 apparatea4 the th?; W u k;r4 te;,, 4 ; 'l)nt tt);'' lt 111 ,„•ff To( by k Ith 114, Zry ‘•••‘.,' equal to thst on the salae Rev, ti s paraging l9 2 Si he slanders V' st4ev, th a t resist betl strong ly old t : e r . I quietly, in R e an %L lith is not in ean re frequently ht`', c raostj",, uune." lakr, st the truth 0: leavour to cleV':; j h he has s hall' II Ream ich he has 0. oeo, rs P I quite *ll,‘ev."l true, notlcitlo Ihrtacy ,bers, as a 9, 1 ,,, t ' 11: °. , ons to the H .A i t i lev v• the one hPLltlto'n' 'V great ato°!,'l'ltgeV. the other how',l railed —preva i l by, in the preultel t P) itory , o f truth ofriaid,i s damns is dil 14 ey ' 1 '1 , 4 Ilene of rdinais b u t or, what Conclustoll' ;VT; ; Ile‘', me hundred otto.itilatle't entirely dolt!: li'!qa and were ar r cta e , ' v,. l th century, se o Ote ‘ , se degenerseY„ 4i I 'soj, the popedoni• t , " intruded kbery, $1: ''4t'7 'ge, ped ur y , '' iCk;, 3titute a evert, h e p a pal chair':l ', 1 4 .11 a ; uity were coute teatter. 11 '1' ; then in a 51,'0, . 0 ht It:. lr. prone in 95.5 , Youthful daY, J4t? Itien. eurr Cb 4. deballeheli' IttCt Dth.o the areP. Reek Profanation,. w't 1 0 : is successo r r s successor (fr. 'Ile!. 1 sun Pif);'• then ara Nl,lO, •Ise charges,l:4 tirkv„t. he name . of .a).' trite"' gi ge ;sed by the d k se holy seel °l ' - 'Suetbrand., .12. ed husband "t"41: 'ear ly the ica r ith r tai ,tl uens which f l t 7 1 7 4 i ho'Church dittessy" and cly i 4, lty earth.. Is 00,t, .opose tl t N u' r the groat B,w, 4 1 ns of 111 i. ' t °l ? t e had,brongb ! o ft,: y ly 5 P,1,4b,„`. 1 e, t d Ea nniL e .t ee o f:e , e n eti r th . ea .A O . at tti e awr•pqt,e_ error' , :o p, f or iastsnce to /14411,1 fit ma had been f ,4 ,, k ,kie, 4ad, been, as ti' el ei e e ,disseminati og At t t B, rFan of aloe:101o.; e, Viel,TS On `ciet'li;ll: Si feelings of t oo 1 , „ ontroversY 0 oe„, Lent, and are 4) 0110 s, r says his err , 1 001 , ror, and indl e " OA' R e , andations of t.b e ,, uded by auril' l ,:i 9/14, 1 q t , md sat dowo th ech amidst loe cpy 1 , t 3 ed the moti on ' vledged the s tryv 4 , qret that a C 11614101 l e night for 1 1' 4 i r*o, o clash with pd +l)e