The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-05-26 00:00:00

i to OS' )9C,' 111 W p / rot 0' 0.0 v 1 00 !I t 00 in. .11 tc r ,DC, .00 , 0 0 Ito re fiv,il •cct ° e ivn ei.t'ff' , ',,,,i0 tl f o 60 . 4 ,;v, , o ( 1I0'), i • • i l itil t `f toJr ,0 lI rJJ lAtir LtCTURES AT THE COLLEGIATE INSTITUTION baiDeeply interested as we have been from the beginning in Pr ogressive a d vancement towards completion in the tion ld* a nd instructi ona l arrangement of this noble institu expressly purposed, as it is, (and as engraven on the Plate inserted in the foundation stone,) " for the education of the commer c i a l , tradin the d octrines and "and workin g c l asses, i n accordance With principles of the Ch u r c h o f E ngland, " ~we selection have felt doubly gratified b y not i c i ng that in addition to the of most able masters in the several schools, Provision has already been ma d e for the evening delivery t wicet ac a week, of le ctures by emi nent men, combining solid ti instruction with elegant amusement, for the bene -4t of the p upils and the friends of the establishment and gwahriticsh part in every respect unexceptionable, whether as re- Party or creed. These lectures, well digested, and ably illustrated by practical experiments and diagrams, form Pleasing and attractive media of instruction, not only to the /Seth attached to the institution, but, from the talentsand standing of their deliverers in the respective worlds of literature, science, and mechanism, a rational and dignifie d ofa !puree of amusement and information to " children larger growth ;" and, we pity the man " Proud though his title, high his fame, Boundless his wealth as wish can name"— pwrheosewteoculdollohtispass an hour or two in listening to them in young townsmen, and who would depart is withou candid and grateful acknowledgeme n t that his n theecome more enlarged ; that he had learned some of nature, new in the vast and wonderful machinery and agencies Z o i t i he s. t ere; and that he was, therefore, enabled with a clearer 1 4 attire reverent perception, through the lens of science, thtees..loo..k from mi to ature': God.." To the youne, yotttriscourses are especially inviting and instructive. The . w en of former tinaes had no such advantages. .A . ges ex o! ce have rolled away ; ages of study . and successful . Derialeata have been employed to bring before us the .‘ physical factsa4... /11 have that distinguish the era in which we live,nr. stotiatswhich are available, in the commercial and general p ..e of N e ? f life, for the conifort and convenience of man.. A ,a ttl io • Nee 6o intelligence has set in upon us with which all s who Yoethe t t i l ) "eel must be content to be borne onwards, and th aspirants, in particular, must take it at t distinct tio4 • eniti w in theirway to "fortune" and ablehonou ar to otts Science and learning have, in tine, become nece t ss t.el y i With oreeksistence and pre-erninence in the grand ctornpci i their pUr ' Snit, :..erstates,and it is a pleasing reflection the of reikrPered as it is in this institution by theinculcation and to LiWinairLeez arid morality tends to elevate the . mind, . zseestvitit-whlt..filoin those 'grovellig rampant debasing propensi etitd.in ~ our untutored and nature is too often InTbstitesuetioereeflections were suggested to us by our occasional(2,llegiate gratified tnlllsil"t'l:de°lPleriodical lectures given at the no similar occasion have wbee se res v t e i n tig di e s s epoo s s r ? ..y no to the exceedingly adalimbl andn morei nt e - Itl e n sAddams, in the able otfamseriinestohfe urses on Voltaic and Electric Magne . is , 1 Tuesd e and commodious theatre of that establishment, on t lteem aY "ening. The lecturer has beea long known and steal .:. we eodrlda,l:talented and experienced propounder the iy. _catP Most extraordinary and subtile agencies in. 1 I: iti h oi it with rridartil;ough the subject was not new, he ernPbel original views and experiments, by the siaeor,.OP.Parates embracing to a high degree of perfection the ecaohisc_rle,ol alas to the present time of the wonderful effects f to that pecuiztt es of metals, fluids, acc., as applicable Pe es of e ritnch of science. There was a numerous attend able iripPlls and also, in the body of the room, of re b s e p r e s c o t- f the ce ividual‘s, including many ladies, several me were twe n. tiln° 9 Cou ncil, and not a few of our scientific m towns pia..__, erreviously to the lecture, some select pieces expressing the pl ea r f s e_ e n h the fine organ on the stage. After ali e t;; ... r _he Jett In being engaged to deliver the series_ s be s f u o b re . Je tt, T,' asantsnce, the lecturer entered at once upon his v._ s'itiln Crating his various positions by numerous interes l;;lii r e A l seecessful experinients. Electricity . he defined to th ros , nett and subtile fluid, capable of being transferred b o .. Is o l, wire.s and other bodies with more or less intensi o ta i s i. ; 01 :_il ugh its effects were obvious, its real nature was ..... wases,.teino,atnderso far we must procee ' d upon assumption. It our actgizto could e or,eatnnpaiegeyn.t the most astonishing that man ... the D ivi us, and was one of those invisible powers by whichl.. It dealt with all matter, and .with 11 p oset. r Author of Nature worked out his sublime P silk on , was produced by the friction of bodies, such as irciee:' g'aos, by contact of bodies of metal, from which .s.e .netutcal action, &c. He then addressed himself to voltaic sic tricit, and ut in ee nsisti o ~, by means of Daniels' (constant) battery, cootigottyg Pniip.ally plt of copper and zinc P th.-.. . with Intervening acid, showed the rapid flow pie'cuustill wires of the electric current, and its effect on small . roettied others instantly hot of wire of various metals some of which became red . nutici n Aerial ene.of th e melted. He explained the con . outcryba by a diagram, and showed how asti r, Id acting plates of zinc and evolved electricity. In and ne g the old names employed in electricity —the positive__ w av e as Poles ; the de composable compounds, slscpnosr. tiv e, as it,eduegative components, such as oxygen ; the substituted Tigers—he whierripoositivehe stated that these new names had been trodei, th e y .me chemists, who called the poles Elec pole Anode, the negative Cathode, &c., te nded to sussinencl he did not approve, as it merely table. roYstifY confuse the student. He show ed e b a a: rattre ccend illustrated by several experiments, the comp for ties. nductin Those taitn r g properties for the electric stream , . and tin, psr;e. water, water and acids, and the various metals, , iron, zinc, brass, gold, copper,. and silver,the lea st af" were the best conductors of electricity were conduct_ other red b ot e sed by heat. After making a piece of iron w ire .e el elted a 01 4 .5 glass tube by the action of the battery, h Piece by Placing it is contact with a stronger to Pow ers u l. The differece in the conducting and wee f he ere h el several metals was also shown by links of wire of he be'ittkill contact and touched by the conducting wires. and t h - eo ' o e utned up Piece of gold leaf by the electric action,nt. f el ether ea i . leeceof silrer leaf. The last burned with ab i tby other4instal s d cfloered fl ame, * and other colours were eliminated " e livh H explained the mystery of the electro n by hsch fac-seimilies of coins, medals, & c., couldh IsTon th em ihrlePosition of copper in solution accummtt a l t r.c Pewd - * e arn, too "reugh electric action. By means of the etes on i . er nu.,,', h„eenseaed t. sy wires, immense quantities of ol owin k b ,• 4 be safelyexploded at a great distance, do e. li - v .- i," ?f r ocks - . n under the sea, as had been eleetrossi,-°..ortel Pit'slB‘eyc,.'aenvde others, at Dover, ace. 'I he for g the ieterest'e,relcal power of the invisible power was . also most of th e „;:_l_glY Shown as now practised in the plating of articles er itoposs'st elaborete fashionnow which it was before difficult grad ual iee, by the plan of plating. The silver wassurface of ear Y.ePosited by galvanic action on the cleaned in or at tiele, and became firmly fixed to it in an even e l s aPletiaidrilli e ves, of any required thickness, so that the m em ! Paratire,-designed articles could be produced at a c d .ie Pla ced 4'7 Rawls, expense. While the lecturer proceede , tin a ver y th e :re rs on Penny piece in a solution of ilvetr'elnencdtric process, imrt time it was taken out after the Wits sk was found to be thickly and smoothly sllen in bildi os oi l A similarly successeel experiment was made The 40414, rather plating a piece of silver with gold. coated Ile also ea used Were cyanide. of silver and gold . respectively. .._ , showed . yer.itoens. a variety of other curious end beautiful ex- Whit e , amongst which was the discolouring of . . . i stre Metals to blackness •, d restoring them to their original e ?sct I'7 immersion in 'liinuid,tough which passed the various the p4prrent, the electric 9 , I PPare„, l i v e and negative effects• In the same manner liquids, poles being inverted to produce . natf or..Y colourless were turned'. to an inky black in one hi the ,e, &lass vessel' (divided b • felt) and left transparent nt h u eto 'nes Pave h the obvers)e electric polarity directed w, erit oh t a i. A beautiful experim which several gentleme t n 'rrini er - ..le stage to witness was also made on a ttn-pla e bei os 'ed in a transparentt liquid in a tray. The conducters m os t p ut into he liquid, and approximating the plate, the . Lille pautet"tifti 0. 1 rainbow colours were instantly produced ; and ghtliip.e-rsenotwfit:rr..va.riel to ornamental stars, or ocher figures, b .4, 4 , , he .... or termination given to the conductcr. y the electric printed a Piece of calico in a neat . bl . ue pattern it4l pur action-:--showing with what rapidity the art Nos ed. et l it ed in large establishrn-ents whete rollers were ern . m e 110 was listened to throughout with marked at- Th e ' a nd Was frequently interrupted by loud applause' le g mat lecture of the series will be delivered this even h° to will also be illustrated by numerous interesting t hat ethentk W -e strongly recommend those of our readers 'net th; spare time to visit the theatre, assured, as we feel, 'Y will be a ..............._ t once gratified and astonished. house.4r. 4 .„, ______,,„„................... h 1.,150n, herring curer, of North Sunderland Sea °lld a o ' r . a u a I:lDantity of potatnes stored at one end of . a loft, th e 0 Ing a short period 1 100 of these had been carried to t.ftipePelitr:liitle a end of the ;rno, a distance of upwards of h It 4 p ou _Y,rat ! Many of the potatoes weighed more Tz tz , and, I,.. ate ttnl e n t , NEW STE AM - CoACH.—On e day last week a witto--aca constructed on a new ° Peet::: en the -Yarmouth road, before a large concourse o t f principle, was tried at I P hltl n t) o r' t ) bltt t hough all the steam was put on the coacli 1 -lateoce ionve ail Inch. When pushed it proceeded . a short ce ech f and stoPPed. The experimenters at last lifted the tll ing r°,.. the road, when the wheels went round with alar -I;lneipei2citY. No doubt, if wings constructed on a new 1., 1 .the ii .l were attached to the shineh coach would fly ' l rotai e 'i' era! be the real aerial m r after all. Norfolk N oe • to l i t E boys belonging kr :eth were s ej l ' , Last week, as severa l wood of Inveirn - ,ay, oottag conk s g the trees in the "K B , one of them, ki' lout his h o w ted, when on the top of a lofty I f Wa s ss . . of the branch by which he was suppoorfeet. Natio v'eelPitated from a height of at least 90 or 10 _a ately, ho s e tlit bes wever, ere he reached the ground, he a w a a , s , h e that beneath the arms between two strong branches, . _ 144 11:°3!tion, quite unable to help himself, remained 4 1 ° 1 Piaui ,: e Nil his cries for assistance hurried his companions * 4 C4 0,1„.."e• They soon reached him, and, although . with titibd.linculty, ... dp. go , . him released. On descending to the oilititle.tast4aioSsetinaining his person, it was di.cevered that he a s g e so , Fa ao further injury than the . lace,ation of t his HvNA ~ e d by the branches when he slipped between them. b roper. I : eC ti I bl:f l t " 3I A • - - A . woman named Ardill, wife of a re -4 v ithi o 4 f 4rrner, living at Kilcarron, in the county Tipperary, weeksetviP Miles of this town, was bitten by a dog about 6 ening lest,ge. About the hour of seven o'clock on Monday in'p r ito rt p sYwiptorns of hydrophobia suddenly , appeared. creaae, snarl was sent for, the symptoms continued to ea% . artd she lingered in great agony until Tuesday, .when Ittltowelieortinnated her sufferings. The dog, a small terrier, hood red of the usual symptoms of disease. It has been k eod , a that lie has bitten several dogs in the neighbour iitl'' J• ti l; it le ouPposed some sheep. Jonathan Walsh, ceese........e.Walsh Pak, has lost twenty sheep horn this Sok "ter Express. chnl4lllNG * o-, ! u s ..._ w asE . I NTEREST — One of the worst possible eilviiiimeeetdieoptinaied on Saturday, before the tribunal of a o ,.. r ged hy aspen polite A man was brought to its bar, and he with the following exactions . a s - e Pe r "Bed that he had lent them money at the rate of ee' tl e ?ta ; e a c o rl d t• Per d is eaY, being equal to 1825 per cent. per hoer ''' Per an others that he had made theta pay five per eeot.. imesiogeeforor fort the loan of small sums for only one of 43 600 per year the enormous interest , . ex. iltiettilt; brtht,eecour.t credited their statements to a certain . 0,..,t0rs to .I)nsidering that most of the witnesses were still 'llY.s...oretne Prisoner, it let him off with a fine of 200 f. roe ~,"finoni. ojtenI,„"IILITARY AND POLleft —Very considerable ex'. 1,:1,,--ci; tenseatcreated in D rogheda . in the early part of the tiotr,eh agos_.(ll!ettee.ot a charge made by Sub-constable ~,s d in this rrivate. Cassidy of the Rifle Brigade, s ue_ zed by veatcdown. Pierson, we understand, went,pcce oierrepotted to -constable Coe, to the lisrrack. on Monday, assiiiy 511., Pitted hint, Major that, on time previous day, Cassidy d ; thatV 'try, 14,4' said theTc' subsvdcommenced a conversation on the Connell soon be bloody work with 0 C any or air,. n.th s i r (op. Rifle,terti asked him if there were the sot_ to hi r ed not se,'. s) quarters yet about not.l h o _ i ll, fu r LJ bUt by t the sor a ss) ue would rightabout face, and not fire a re atl e °• The iii - this charge was hi s J --- the might gise orders lat te a and pier en.were on Parade when n k s. The ri em r Was pinee'?n pointed out Cassidy in the ra nntil liv ed tit, Bertha rite:twheo 11:,,u,auscirer. arrest, and remained sae officer having a e ri7 i l etahllstiree, rnadee.l i e n released , 3, the t commanding o th e alie g fb ation. IN t Te e n wi. sage toes2oldier states that he was going in h k ag gerson, etitio..operied a ot the serjeants, when he overtoo I,l';iged t o re eotiversation on the weather, from yet %altilr (theit,l' 711 d asked if there were any ordersred. The it h. er said 11,. hie s) quarters as to being prePtahe subject* Itoi.hle etria ' tt heard nothin g of any orders on , the fire, which he 1441i1e tt, t,,e'ked him did he think w?tild tph,-:,,,, I but ht /libitietreelPosir replietl that he the no.. !,- . Id% alpiptil ortt 041 41" thti heads pt. tht LIVERPOOL INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL. The foundation-stone of the Industrial School, in con nection •sith the Liverpool Workhouse, intended to be erected on a plot of land on the west side of Borti?.-lane, Kirkdale, was laid yesterday', by the Rev. Augustus Camp bell, one of the Rectors of Liverpool, with considerable ceremony. The day was exceedingly unpropitious, rain having fallen almost incessantly, except just during the im mediate laying of the stone. There were present the church wardens Mr. Houghton and Mr. Wilkinson; Mr. Hen thaw, fir. Urquhart, Mr. Bright, and several other members of the select vestry. A procession was formed from the Workhouse to the ground, of the authorities and the children of the Blue Coat and parish schools ; a few minutes past two o'clock, The Rev. STEPHEN CRAGG, Chaplain to the Workhouse, commenced the proceedings by offering the following prayer : " Almighty God, Sovereign Ruler over all things in Heaven and in earth, without whom nothing is strong—nothing is holy—vouchsafe, we beseech thee, thy blessing upon the building, which is here to be commenced this day. Except thou, 0 Lord, shouldst build the house, their labour is but lost that build it. Bless its benevolent designs that they may in all respects be fully realised—in its being erected not only for a habitation for the children of the poor and needy, but also for a seminary and nursery, wherein, under thy grace, they may be brought up in the knowledge and service of thee there God ; that being trained up in habits of piety and industry, they may, when they go forth into the world, faithfully and creditably as thy servants acquit themselves in the several stations of life which, under thy providence, they may be placed. In imploring thy blessing upon this work of our hands, we further beseech thee to hear us on behalf of our most gracious and beloved Queen Victoria, in whose benign reign it is undertaken : Mess her, and likewise her royal consort Prince Albert; bless their royal children, as well as all the royal fatnfly—with all blessing temporai and spiritual. Let thy blessing, we pray thee, ever descend upon the great commercial town, for whose destitute and helpless children this building is intended. Grant it prosperity, permency, and station amongst the cities of all the nations of the earth, and dispose the recipients of the blessings of thy providence, always gratefully and dutifully to acknow ledge thee, the Sovereign and bounteous Disposer of them all. These our several petitions we humbly offer unto thee, 0 Father Almighty, in the name and through the mediation of thy dear Son, Jesus Christ, our only Mediator and Saviour." Mr. Churchwarden HOUGHTON then presented a beautiful silver trowel to Mr. Rector Campbell, adding a few general observations in the importance of the present undertaking to the rising generation. Upon the trowel the following inscription was engraved : " Presented to the Rev. Augustus Campbell, M.A., one of the Rectors of Liverpool, upon the occasion of his laying the foundation-stone of the Industrial Schools of this parish at Kit kdale, upon the 25th of May, 1843." The Rev. AUGUSTUS CAMPBELL having accepted the trowel, proceeded to address the concourse of people nearly a follows :—I thank you for the favour which you have done m in appointing me to this office ; and I rejoice sincerely that the day has arrived on which we may co-operate in the commencement of a work which I trust by God's mercy will prove a blessing to the unhappy and helpless children of poverty for whom it is designed, affording them an asylum in early youth in the sorrows and miseries of a sinful world, and providing them with the means of Christian education, by which they may be brought np in the faith and fear of God, and accustomed to those habits of industry an honesty which may in after life make them good Christians and use ful men, or in the words of the Apostle " not slothful in bu siness, fervent in spirit serving the Lord." But I rejoice, at the commencement of this work for another reason, because I think it will enable us to provide a tardy remedy for those disorders in the workhouie which have recently obtained such unhappy. and, with all the abatements that can he made for exaggeration, such discreditable notoriety. You, who have been so long connected with the parish, and our friend Mr. Renshaw who has been so long labouring for the im provement of the workhouse, knew very well what a constant source of anxiety this has been to us, and although we have been prevented from doing all that we ought to have done, still it must be admitted that we have been baffled by that which has baffled the Government in the improvement of prison discipline—for want of room. It is very difficult to keep such a house as that in order, a house which contains many very respectable people who have been driven there by misfortune—those who may without severity be called the very scum and refuse of society, idle profligates, who prefer idleness with slavery to work with liberty, and abandoned women lost to all sense of shame. It is difficult to keep such a house in order under any circumstances ; without classifi cation it is quite impossible; therefore I trust, with the new improvements, with the facility whlch will be given by the building of this school, that we may commence a system of classification which will restore discipline to the Workhouse. I will, under present circumstances, detain you by any length coed observations, but conclude with expressing my anxious hope and prayer, in the spirit of that prayer which was ut tered by the chaplain, that this building may, by God's blessing—and without God's blessing nothing can prosper— tend to the moral elevation of the deserving poor, and the correctiod of the disorderly poor. (Great applause.) The stone was then adjusted and laid with the usual cere monies by the worthy rector. A bottle containing the seve ral coins of the realm, a copy of Gore's Advertiser for the day, also Gore's Directory, a list of the rectors, churchwar dens, and select vestry, was deposited in the stone beneath a brass plate, which bore the following inscription : " The foundation stone of this building, intended as an In dustrial School for the parish of Liverpool, was laid by the Rev. Augustus Campbell, M.A.. one of the rectors of this parish, upon the 25th May, 1813. F. H. Lockwood, T. Allom, architects, London." The children then sang a hymn, and the Rev. Mr. Cragg having pronounced the Apostolic benediction, the proceed ings terminated. Previous to leaving the ground the child ren were regaled with cake and.ale, and a royal salute was fired from the workhouse guns, which had been removed for this special occasion. The " Liverpool Industrial School," which is a little to the north cast of Kirkdale House of Correction, will be a plain but handsome structure, of considerable dimensions. It will be an ornament to the neighbourhood, and there will be an excellent view of it from the river. The building is caculated to accommodate 1200 children, so that the exist ing workhouse will necessarily he greatly relieved. Inter nally, there will be two school rooms, each 70 feet by 35 feet, one for boys, and the other for girls; a dining room capacious enough for 1000 children to dine at once ; and roomy dormi tories for the entire number. Every boy above 10 years of age will sleep in a separate bed ; and masters will be provided to teach them various occupations, by means of which, after leaving the institution they may be enabled to earn their livelihood. The architects are Messrs. Lockwood and Al low, of London. The building is contracted to be executed for £19,500, and it is to be completed in August, 1844. The land was purchased for £5OOO from the Earl of Derby and Mr. John Shaw Leigh. INTERESTING CIRCUMSTANCE It will probably be remembered by a few of our readers that about eighteen .months since a lady of the name of Mrs. Dunn, the wife of a clergyman at New Brunswick,) visited this town on a laborious and arduous mission from the parish of her husband, for the purpose of collecting sub scriptions in this country towards the payment of a debt which had been incurred in the erection of a church in that parish, which is an island situated in the mouth of the Bay of Fundy, about thirty miles from the main land of the Pro vince of New Brunswick, twenty miles in extent, inhabited by about 190 families, numbering 1,100 souls, principally occupied by fishing.' A church was built about twenty years since, which was destroyed in October, 1839, with all its fur niture, through the malevolence of so me i ncen di ar i es. A new urch was immediately commenced, and was opened in the October following. Towards the erection of this building £566 were contributed by the inhabitants and other parishes, leaving a debt of £153, though the church was not com pleted. Such was the depression of trade and the scarcity of money, that it was considered hopeless to attempt further solicitations for aid in that country, and Mrs. Dunn resolved upon undertaking a voyage to England alone, and without the advantage of friends, to solicit contributions. The result of her visit we find detailed in the New Brunswick Courier of the let of April last. It appears that this enterprising lady collected in England and Ireland the sum of £652165. 2d, and the following items of the expenditure of the money will give our readers sufficient information as to its appropriation. We have already stated that at the time of Mrs. Dunn's departure there was a debt incurred of £153., to which is to be added the interest upon•it until collected, with a propor tion of collecting the previous subscriptions, amounting to £5l 10s. 7d. The sum of £lB6 3s. 4id. was expended in materials required for the church after 1840. Incidental expenses, charges upon importing books, travelling expenses, &c., £137 Bs. 9d. There had been expended and appropri ated for school-houses and schools £9O 55.. which left on hand for the benefit of schools £149 18s. 4d., to which are to be added the proceeds of some jewellery presented by two ladies, for which a satisfactory sale had not been obtained. Before Mrs. Dunn left England, she stated that not more than £BO should be deducted from her collections to meet her expenses, and though her memoranda of land-carriage, passages, and board, exceed that sum by £3O, her husband considerately makes that loss his own, which is worthy of notice from the following circumstance :—Mr. Dunn had previously appropriated the whole proceeds of the glebe £lBO for paying a debt upon and finishing the parsonage house, and a further sum of £4O in repairs and out-buildings that were essential. The result of this expenditure will be in future an enlarged income, and a comfortable residence for the missionary ; and the present flourishing state of the parish With respect to the temporalities of the church and the ample provision for schools, will materially increase the ability of the inhabitants to contribute to the support of their future clergyman. Mrs. Dunn acknowledges with gratitude the liberal response which was made to her applications, and attributes much of her success to recommendatory letters from the Hon. and Rev. Baptist Noel, .ind the Rev. Hugh Nl`Neile. She also states that she was much indebted to Chas. Groves, Esq. of this town. The suns of £1.03 was collec ted in Liverpool, and very handsome subscriptions were raised in Bath, Brighton, Cheltenham, Bristol, and other places. Donations are acknowledged from the Queen Dowa ger, the Archbishop of Dublin, the Dowager Viscountess Herberton, &c. &c. On the Ist instant, died the Rev. John Gibbons, rector of Thornbury, in the county of Hereford, aged 90 years ; and on the 9th of May, in his 81st year, died the Rev. T. Lewes, who had officiated as curate of that parish till within the last twelvemonths. Perhaps there is no other instance on record. where the united ages of an incumbent and curate amounted to 170 years. RAILWAY SPEED,—The returns given in the report of the officers in the Railway Department, Board of Trade, show the average speed upo❑ the various lines, exclusive of stop page, as follows :—London and Birmingham, 27 miles per hour ; Great Western, 33 ; Northern and Eastern, 36 •, North Midland, 29; Midland Counties, 28 ; Birmingham and Derby, 29 : Manchester and Birmingham 25 ; Newcastle and North Shields, 30 ; and Chester and Birkenhead, 28. The average speed on the metropolitan lines, exclusive of stoppage, is about 22 miles an hour. • .11 young woman named Rebec ca R um b a ll , was t r i e d an d found guilty before Mr. Justice Coltman at the Central Criminal Court, of having attempted to drown her illegitiw ate male child. She had thrown herself and child into the water, intending to commit suicide, and had tied the child to her breast; but both were rescued by a constable, and restored to animation. She was sentenced to two years imprison ment. We hear, with great satisfaction, that Mr. Lockhart has been appointed auditor of the Duchy of Cornwall, vacant by the death of the late John Allen, of Dulwich. Few are the government opportunities for distinguishing literary men by granting public offices compatible with their avocations; and it is highly gratifying, as in this instance, to see the occasion at once seized, and the palm and profit awarded in so just and liberal a manner. The emolument, we are told, is about £4OO per annum, and the duties not so onerous as to inter fere with the new auditor's accustomed pursuits.—Literary Gaette.--[Mr. Lockart is the editor of the Qurrterly Review.] PASTORAL AID SOCIETY.—At the recent meeting of the Church Pastoral Aid Society in London, the Bishop of Llandeff, requested permission to address the meeting, for the purpose of expressing his undiminished attachment to the Church Pastoral Aid Society, and his obligations to it in distant parts of the country. He used to hear it objected against the society that it was not consistent with the princi• plea end practice of the church; but he was well convinced that the 1009 Hatt .antA protredlle of the tl rlititalt lit goitiettintiit ttith otid f SPEECH OF THE REV. HUGH M'NEILE, IN THE AMPHITHEATRE, AT THE MEETING OF THE CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY, MAY 22, [At the request of several persons who beard Mr. M`Noile's eloquent speech at the Amphitheatre ou Monday last, we are induced to present it to our readers in a com plete form, seeing that it contains much important matter not only with reference to the Church Missionary Society, but with reference to the Tractariau heresy which is now afflict ing the Church.—En. STAND.] I have been requested to move this resolution—" That the divine blessing, which has of late been so manifestly bestowed upon the labours of our missions abroad, calls for our grate- ful thanks to God; and that we desire to commend to the special prayers of all members of this association the several missions of the society, that in each of them the Gospel may continue to be the power of God unto the salvation of many souls." (Cheers.) Before I offer any observations upon what may he called the peculiar matter brought before us in this resolution, I wish to make a few upon another subject. Some of the opening remarks of our Christian brother from Africa invite me to a kind and friendly explanation. (Hear.) lam sure, sir, that you, in common with us all, must have been grieved at the appearance of embarassment with which an important feature of our great subject was approached by that reverend gentleman, and at the apparent feeling of pain with which he refrained from what might otherwise have been the tenor of some of his observations, especially when that short sentence dropped from him, that " the Africans are a doomed race." (Hear, hear.) Upon this, sir. with your permission, I think it important to offer what, I have said, a kind, a friendly, and an affectionate explanation. (Applause.) I most cordially agree, sir, in the sentiments of all our dear Christian brethren, that the Gospel is to be preached to every kindred, tribe, people, and nation, without exception and without reserve,—without exception as regards them, and without reserve as regards the manner of approaching them. (Hear, hear.) We are encouraged in this work by the plain precepts of our Lord himself, who left to us his command that his disciples should go into all the world, and preach the Gospel to every creature. Here is no reservation, and here is no exception. (Hear.) We are encouraged, too, not only by the precept given by Him who will never fail to give power for the obedience of his precepts to those who ask it, but we are encouraged also by a certain class of pro phecy. (Hear, hear.) There are prophecies which declare that the Lord shall gather, during his absence, from the earth a people iuto himself out of every kindred and tribe, and peo ple, and nation, and their number shall be exceedinglxgreat ; it is said, indeed, to be "a multitude without nu m b er ," that is, beyond man's calculation as to number, out of every kindred. This is encouragement. from prophecy, as well as precept, and this, you will observe, applies as fully to the African as to any other class of human beings. (Hear.) Here, I hope, there is no cause to complain ; here, I be lieve, we all go together as one man. But, sir, there is ano ther class of prophecies which refer, not to the spread of the gospel for the conversion of sinners, but which refer to the fore-ordained dealings of Almighty God with the nations of the earth as nations, not to his dealings with individuals as sinners, calling them, unreservedly, by the glorious procla mation of pardoning mercy, to be reconciled to himself. (Hear, hear, and applause.) But, to his dealings with the nations, as nations: surely it is not too much to expect from those who love their Bible, and eulogize their Bible, and who take pains in reading their Bible, to distinguish be tween those two classes of prophecy. And, sir, out of love to our Missionary cause, and out of that which is inseparable from true love, jealousy-1 say, jealousy is inseparable from true love, and I prove it thus,—" God is love," and God says, " I am a jealous God,"—(applause)—out of jealousy to the cause I love, and for , the good of that cause, a false ground of support should not be put forward upon which to rest any part of its claims, I think it of the utmost impor tance that the distinction referred to should be made ; and that those prophecies which refer to the divine dealings with the nations, connected as they are with the Second Advent of the Messiah, and with the national resuscitation of the Jews, should not be advanced as part of the grounds of our encouragement in preaching of the gospel. (Hear.) The distinction I think is clear; and I am persuaded it will com mend itself to those who are in the habit of discriminating while they read the Scriptures. (Hear, hear.) It is here, with regard to the divine view of nations, as such, that we are to take up the solemn language of God concerning Canaan. (Hear, hear.) The Canaanites when driven forth, before the victorious sword of Joshua, and af terwards more completely by Kin- b David, spread forth, as we know from profane history, and became settlers in Africa. There is the race of Canaan. The descendants of Shem peopled the East, and are now to be found in the millions of Hindostan as well as in the wandering Jews, all over the world, whilst the western nations were peopled by the descendants of Japheth. Now, thus runs the word of the living God,— " Cursed be Canaan : a servant of ants shall he be unto hi brethren. Blessed be the Lord God of Sh mm ; and Canaan shall be his servant. God shall enlarge Japheth, :.vid he shall dwell in the tents of Shem ; and Canaan shall be his cerrant." It certainly becomes us to be modest and careful when we anticipate from such language the dealings of God with the world ; but when the events of history have set their seal upon a certain interpretation of language up to a certain point, it. does appear to me the fair result of legitimate reasoning, to anticipate that future events will put a similar interpretation upon the remaining language of the prediction. There was a very remarkable predict!. n of a different kind uttered by a heathen poet ; he anticipated that the Indians would make settlements in the west and north. Is it not so ? Did not he sing— Gelidum potat Indus Araxem ? (Hear, hear, hear.) Did he not anticipate the Indians would come and drink the cold Araxes ? Uttering his prophecy from human sagacity, he supposed the then civilized tribes would make incursions into the then barbarian countries, and make settlements in the west. But, Sir, did it turn out so ? By no means. (Hear, hear.) The descendants of Shem did not occupy the tent of Japheth ; Hindostan made no incur sions into the west; the Indians made no settlements in Eu rope, but the divine word had said that " Japheth shall dwell in the tents of Shem," and, accordingly, the western nations did make incursions, the western stations did make perman ent settlements and establish themselves, within the boun daries of Shem. (Hear, hear.) The divine word is then ful filled by history ; and in each clause of the prophecy it is re iterated upon the disobedient disrespectful child, " Canaan shall be a servant." (Hear, hear.) May this be withheld? May we eulogize the Bible and circulate the Bible, and after all, make use of only extracts from the Bible? (Hear, hear.) But does putting this for ward damage our missionary cause ? In no wise. (Cheers.) Does putting this forward set a duty before men, which con travenes the plain precept to seek the temporal as well as the spiritual good of all their fellow Christians? In no wise. (Cheers.) Did the prophecy interfere with a duty of this kind, to proclaim emancipation to the negroes in our colonies, and did those who hold such views of prophecy withhold their advocacy from the great abolition cause ? By no means. (Loud cheers.) Sir, lam thankful to be able to say while these views have been for many years in my head and heart I nevertheless felt it my duty, acting upon the precept, and not upon the prophecy, to throw all my energies, when the proper opportunity arrived, into the cause of the abolition of the detestable traffic in the slavery of human beings. (Cheers.) In like manner our views of prophecy with regard to the Lord's final dealing with the nations, interfere in no respect with our ordinary duty in preaching the gospel now, or causing it to be preached, to every creature. And, now, I think it is only fair, it is only right, that if the class of pro phecy to which I have referred, wherein the nations of the earth are spoken of as nations, be referred to at all, they should be referred to in their context. (Hear, hear.) And if the passage that " Ethiopia shall stretch forth her hands unto God" be brought forward, Ethiopia not express ing in that place individuals to be converted from the African race—in which sense we have no objection to place it in a different context, but if " Ethiopia ' means the race itself, as a race, (and this seems to me its true meaning in the Psalm,) then let the passage be taken in its context, and thus we find it— " The Lord said I will bring again from Bashan, I will bring my people again from the depths of the sea, that thy foot may be dipped in the blood of thine enemies, and the tongue of thy dogs in the same." Of what people is this spoken, but of that people again and again called " his people," whose restoration to their land is connected in prophecies without number, with dreadful de struction upon the enemies that shall attack them there—the Gog and Magog who shall assemble against the unwalled villages of Judea, and in whose blood the very dogs of the restored Jewish nation shall be made red? (Hear, hear.) And what follows? The description of the tribes—little Benjamin, the Princes of Judah, the Princes of Zebulun, and the Princes of Napthali—" Because of thy temple at Jeru salem shall kings bring presents unto thee : princes shall come out of Egypt, Ethiopia shall soon stretch out her hands unto God." Here is the context : (hear) Israel is restored ; the battle of Armageddon is fought; the King of Israel is there— " The beam that shines on Zion's hill Shall lighten every land ; The King that reigns in Zion's towers Shall the whole world command !" (Cheers.) Then, " because of the temple at Jerusalem" princes shall come; because of the restoring love of Jehovah the King, " Ethiopia shall stretch forth her hands unto God." (Hear.) This is the context; and the glory of a passage lies in the context ! (Loud cheers.) I have ventured to say so much in the way of explanation, and I do trust and hope, most sincerely, that our dear friend and brother has nothing to complain of, nothing to feel hurt by, nothing that the tenderest feelings could be wounded by, in any of the expressions concerning his race. (Hear, hear.) If we read the prophecy I have ventured to read before you, we read it., we beg to assure him, with feelings kindred to his own, with sympathy for that race; we read it. I beg to assure him, not in unkindness towards the " doomed race," but we cannot blot it oat—there it it—it is our duty to attend to it—to explain it—to mark the progress of events ; and it is our happiness to see that those events, so marked in the divine word, present no hindrance nor discouragement whatever in the preaching of the Gospel to every creature of every clime, and every name, under heaven. (Hear.) We give God thanks, then, for the blessing which has already attended the preaching of the Gospel. (Cheers.) Many of the details of that blessing have been brought before us by my dear and reverend brother Mr. Bickersteth; they do ,indeed call for thanksgiving to the only source from whence such blessings can flow, and we are invited to pray that in all the stations occupied by this Society the Gospel may still be found the power of God unto the salvation of many souls. (Hear.) I do not know whether it was the intention of the managers of this Association, who drew up this resolution, or not, but it has certainly been their act in the wording of the resolu tion, to call the attention of the mover of it to the quality of the Gospel preached, because upon the quality of the Gospel preached must depend whether it can be expected to prove the power of God unto salvation. In looking at every remedial process it becomes a wise man to acquaint himself with the nature of the evil to be remedied; and if we would look to the nature of the process which must be car ried on as remedial for sinful man in this or any other coun try, we must first be acquainted with the nature of his dis ease. (Hear.) It will at once be admitted that man's dis ease is sin, but it is not at once readily seen that sin acts with regard to two things ; it acts with regard to the divine law, and also with regard to the human conscience. With regard to the divine law, sin exposes man to the anger of nhdiseomwnnathioenartsftriollwnreusptionnghtlimpo,dnhehc* y et, he e t God : with regard to human conscience, sin exposes man to his own condemnation. (Cheers.) Suppose him freed from cannotthe pen have a lt , y e , p a e n a d c ethe with G o d o . f God Th o r u e g m h o a v l e l d b f e ro s from the state of mind which ([Tear, u e c a e r s .),lt ds s tc t iof be addressed as well ansetrhtelithalethi self condemnationhht e h:E v i e h i a n i ,seHa that checaisv;esonow,mynue in dsutchtewsheci which secret self-condemnation n t d o e p m e n n a a t l i t o y n and f wrath. the ain at a distance from the true God; it is hi s secret conviction that he deserves not to be received in peace that feel an interest in staying away. (Hear.) What makes him first self-condemned sinner hide from the r t made the heavenly Father among the trees of the garden. vselice of his bounding, as before, in all the buoyancy of happy hope nstead of he heard the voice of his beloved Lord in the garden, when behold him shrinking with shame from that friendly y • Touring to hide hie head among the trees. whoice,penlicad- God ceased to love him ? By co means I li e L a m % w i t :, ikstmgd uf loffl fre him I tie Ito liapi ort4oti 1040 t4OO add efit Oil tumuli Hu Tro ton fit ht sein keepstoecator proving that God loves man; " in this was manifest thelove of God that he gave his Son ;" but our great difficulty lies in inducing men to love him. They will not come to him that they might have life. And why not? Because they are secretly condemned in themselves. (Hear.) Oh, sir, there is more of alarm about eternity among men than is generally supposed. (Hear, hear.) Alen talk about God's mercy, and express a hope that all will be well ; but many a trembling:heart lies beneath those fair and outside bravadoes. The poor heathen do not hide it; they have not learned to stifle their conscience with mere talk ; they have recourse to bleeding sacrifices to appease their God, and that spews the real secret of alarm that lies within. How shall we address them ? What is the power of God to win them to himself? What is the quality of the Gospel that must prove the power of salvation to them ? Is it to begin with moral precepts? They know already they are sinners; witness their bleeding rites. Where must we begin? Why, from the very na t ure of the dise ase , par d on i ng love is the first step of the remedy (hear) ; the atonement, instead of being reserved for a hither class, is the very A B C which God has commanded to be preached to every man. (Loud cheers.) It is the manifes tation of God's love in the way of pardon! (Hear.) "Iu this was manifest the love of God, that he gave his Son " what for ?—" to be the propitiation of our sins !'"Fhat touches the point; that goes to the very sore place; that goes, sir—a quaint but faithful expression of a Scotch poet occurs to my mind—dir/ upon the bone. (Applause.) It is pardoning love; and it is proclaimed from heaven, that it may produce grateful love upon earth. (Renewed applause.) I delight in representing true religion as an echo ; and I be lieve I use not only a beautiful hut a correct illustration when I say that all true religion upon earth is an echo; the sound that raised it is love from heaven—" God so loved the world that he gave his Son,"—and the sound that is raised is love upon earth—" :We love him because he first loved us." (Loud cheers.) Another illustration is given by Archbishop Leighton ; he says, " Our love to God is a repercussion of the beams of his love to us." If this be so, and we expect the Gospel to prove the power of God to sal vation among the heathen, it must be the Gospel which begins with the atonement instead of reserving the atone ment for a future and more elevated condition—(cheers) — therefore, I am rejoiced to find upon every side reference made to the first principles of this society. (Hear.) I re joice to find we are not only going forward now to send our arrows abroad, but that we are come back to examine and re-string our bow — (cheers)—that we are not only engaged in procuring funds to multiply our preachers, but we are en gaged in giving you fresh assurance of what the thing will be that shall be preached—that it shall be the Gospel of the grace of God manifested in the gift of his Son, giving him self unto death a curse under the law that be might redeem us from the curse of the law ; and, therefore, exhibiting to the poor heathen, the poor wretched slave of Satan, the ele ments of liberty, for .it •is the love of God in man's heart that makes him a free man—the prevailing love of God in man's heart puts everything in its right place. That is the supreme sentiment, and it ought to be supreme. (Cheers.) Before him alone manbows, which he should do, for man is the image of God ; and when the Spirit of God is in his heart, everything is subordinated and arranged in his mind. This, then, is liberty ; and to give liberty this must be pro claimed. It is Christ's office, the office of his preachers, to proclaim liberty to the captive 1 Anti-Christ withholds this liberty by withholding a full reconciliation to- the Father; Anti-Christ keeps his disciples in doubt still as to whether they are indeed reconciled, as to whether the Atonement is t t pu e nt itio n sufficient conditions, in order that it may be applied to them certain e u r r e i thef o r sacrifice, them ; and Antichrist b y requiring keeps gui rr ngthemthem in todpoeurbf perform by the prayers of the church, which keeps them waiting for f years upon masses before they can be fully satisfied they are reconciled to God. I say this not in the way of angry and petulant controversy : I say it in deep and unfeigned• con cern, she does not proclaim the only healing balm of Christ to win a sinner to the Father's bosom, but keeps him down, crouching to a fellow-creature on his knees, until that fellow creature reiterates and reoffers again the sacrifice of Christ for the living and the dead. (Cheers.) Any approach to this would mar the great object we have in view : we can not expect that the gospel adulterated with such sentiments should prove " the power of God unto salvation." (Hear, hear, hear.) It is, therefore, sir, with great satisfaction we have heard to-day such sentiments from head-quarters—such sentiments from the deputation—and that we have seen such sentiments were uttered at the meeting of the Parent Society ; and that we have seen, by deed as well as word, that the Pa rent Society are determined to maintain the purity of the gospel. (Hear, hear.) I say "by deed as well as word." Mr. Bickersteth has referred to the case I allude to. It was the case of a reverend gentleman, who was engaged as a mis sionary for this society, in the East Indies, in the Presidency of Madras. He entertained some extraordinary notions about how the gospel should be preached to the heathen; be felt that some reserve should be used in bringing the full statements of the gospel before them, and he wished to con struct a church which should express in its compartments something of the sentiments of his mind upon the subject. Here is a plan of his proposed church (the rev. gentleman here exhibited a small plan from the account of the matter issued by the society), and I will tell you what compartments it was intended to contain. Here, in the centre, was the choir for the faithful; beyond that the chancel upon an ele vation ; upon one side a chapel for catechumens ; upon ano ther a chapel for penitents ; between the faithful and the nave there is a screen, and then outside is the nave for the heathen. (Hear, hear, hear.) He wrote express ing his views to the corresponding committee of this society at Madras ; they were dissatisfied, and passed a resolution expressing their dissatisfaction, and they wrote home to the Parent Society's Committee. In the meantime the rev. gentleman had appealed to the Bishop of Madras, and the Bishop of Madras wrote home, desiring to refer the matter, supposing it to come within range of the law of refer ence, to the Archbishop of Canterbury with other bishops of the English church. The Parent Society's Committee did not feel it was a matter within the law of reference, and after mature consideration, they acted upon the decision of their corresponding committee—they have acted upon their own descretion—they have removed the rev. gentleman from their employment—(loud cheers)—they have sanctioned the conduct of the corresponding committee in withholding his salary—(hear, hear,)—in cutting off the communication between him and the society ; and, although the matter has been laid, as a matter of course, before his grace the Lord Primate, yet, not coming under the law of reference, his grace has not seen it right to adjudicate on the matter. (Hear, hear.) The committee, acting upon their own views, have now published a'pamphlet containing all the resolutions of the corresponding committee, the plan of the proposed church, the letter of the Bishop of Madras, and all the docu ments connected with the whole concern. (Cheers.) They stand before you as having freed themselves from the first suspicions of any approach to this evil in one of their mis sions, therefore,.they stand before you, in deed as well as in word, the defenders of the purity of the gospel, which might be expected according to the divine blessing " to prove the power of God to the salvation of many souls among the hea then." They have at the same time manifested all dutiful submission to their ecclesiastical superiors, and express their sincere regret that any part of the conduct of their corres ponding committee, should have worn for a moment the ap pearance of disrespect to the Bishop of Madras. (Loud cheers.) It is of no small consequence that this should be the tone taken by this society. (Hear.) If there be an in stitution in Great Britain which may justly be considered as giving more pointedly than any other to the public the pre vailing sentiments of the Church of England, prevailing in point of numbers, I may say prevailing now in point of pa tronage, the standard in every way, and certainly I may say largely prevailing in point of inoome—if there be such an in stitution, it is the Church Missionary Society. I would ask, ' how can the Dissenters of England, who have been charging our church with this heresy of tractarianism, and have grounded some late proceedings in opposition to the wishes of her Ma jesty's government upon the charge of the Church's unsound ness, how can they ascertain that charge by matter of fact? (Loud cheers.) The history, the conduct, and this language of the Church Missionary Society are all in opposition to such a charge. (Cheers.) It is of importance that this should be known ; it is of importance that the integrity of . the English Church should be vindicated. (Hear, hear.) I stand not here to vindicate Tractarianism, but I stand here to vindicate the Church of England against it ;—(great cheering)—and I believe that many of the things which I and a few others took the liberty of Saying years ago, without be ing believed, are now believed, respecting the machinations of the Church of Rome—(hear, hear)—and respecting the secret designs with which she is encroaching stealthily upon many of the positions that ought to be maintained by the Church of England alone. (Hear, hear, hear.) We s a id, some years ago, that th ere was a p l an of this kind in progress, but we said it with little effect. Some mourned over the statement as an inst ance o f f anat i c i sm i n u s ; some lamented that gentlemen capable of being of so much use if they would turn their talents and attention into the Wiper channel, should devote themselves to such ultra, and-more than ultra, or extra Protestantism;--(hear)—and we were treated like Cassandra of old, while the heresy, like the wooden horse, was winning its treacherous way into the citadel of our great university. (Hear, hear.) Many, of the charges we made then have turned out to be true, and they are now forced upon the attention of the country ; they area - low forced upon the attention of the Government. (Loud applause.) The danger to the English Church arising from Tractarianism is forced upon the attention of the Government because of this late movement amongst the dissenters. (Hear.) Here we see the wonder working hand of Him who bringeth good out of evil. (Cheers.) The impatient charge made by a large body of dissenters—a body of whom I would speak with the highest respect the Wesleyans, who suddenly, when the subject of national education is the matter before us, change their tone —the decided opposition they have given, and the reason they have given, namely, unsoundness of the church—has forced the subject upon the notice of men in authority-who before hinted that there might be too much made of it, and it did not deserve their attention. Now they do give it their atten tion. (Cheers.) This is important every way, for we have always professed, that notwithstanding the advaneement in learning, the improvement in various arts and sciences, of these latter days—notwithstanding the march of mind, as it is called, there is nothing in natural knowledge to check false religion. (Cheers.) Religion is a matter of the heart, not of the intellect; and you may cultivate the intellect up to the highest attainment of mathematical learning, while you leave the heart untouched and unwon to God, and you leave the poor creature the slave of sin ; and not only so,' but although he may secretly see reasons against superstition, he has not the power of moral energy to emancipate himself from the superstition. There is a proof of this at hand, and an extraordinary one. Has there not been an advance of secular learning upon the continent ? Have there not been great advances in scientific attainments, and their application to the wants and comforts of society, in France? They have gone forward there, and have now tra ce d our s t eps i n t h e t a Well,locomotive engine would put one would think that e se st ie a n b e li e sh e m no e u n g t h o t f o railways. an end to a great deal of superstitio n ; but what have we now? 'We have, at the opening of a French railway, among other ceremonies of the day, the cardinal archbishop of the church coming forward to bless the line, and sprinkling holy water upon the rails! (Hear, hear, and laughter.) I really do not think this is any subject for laughter at all. I think it a most grievous and awful thing th a t men advanced in all the, secular attainments which adorn society should still be plunged in such superstition, and can consent to be present, and sanction by their apparent countenance such an insult to common sense as this. (Hear.) It is a melancholy proof of the state into which we are fallen. But all these things tend to endear to us an institution like th e p reseat, which not only acts in the propagation of truth ab roa d , b ut which ravingly re-acts velue in it hthigehply, sir, resery preservation of truthl would that all who are at home. (Hea r , h ear .) I con nected with it would warn their friends, as the Bishop of Calcutta is reported to have warned his friends upon his late metropolitan tour, against the heresy I have alluded to. I received a letter by the last mail from a friend in the Mysore country, who tells me of a chaplain to the East India Corn tahned Bishoph e f Calcutta, names, i wills latem not mentio n e trop o but pauy, in the diocese of Madras, who h as t h ese notions. He gives indeed a very distressing account o f t h e moral character ef thhee man , says li tan visitation, warned his hearers to avoid that gentlemen as a false prophet. (Cheers.) I think the matter has gone so far with us now that a warning to all our lay friends to avoid the evil becomes our plain and obvious duty. (Loud cheers.) The battle is not to be fought by the clergy only ;—(hear)— the evil is not an assault upon the clergy only —it is an assault upon the church, and the church consists of the people. (Hear, hear.) We are your servants for Christ's sake, forming a part, indeed, but only a comparatively -small part, of the church :—ye are God's building, ye are God's : workmanship; we are labourers together with him, bet `ye are the husbandry. It becomes you to keep yourselves pure ; it becomes you to shew you have profited by the instruction you have received from us, that your spiritual senses are ex ercised, as Mt, Paul expresses it, to " discern good and evil," end not tts cittghti the thitiirtry of title rim why would temper efith the ertielee ef Otif ttaltOoPC) It neeciflitsotjtm to ottyptql Wok tiglatzatia moon Mg nog testantism of your church. (Cheers.) If you wish to keep your church a missionary church, with any prospect of good to the heathen, you must keep it a Protestant church; and if you will keep your church Protestant, you must practically protest not only against popery, commonly so called, but also against semi-popish statements and proceedings within her pale. (Hear, hear, hear, and great cheering.) You should withdraw yourselves, not from the church certainly, happily there is no occasion, for our churches stand within moderate distances one from another, and there is scarcely a neighbourhood to be found where you may not have a choice without serious inconvenience. In large towns you have all this within the parish, but even in country places, highly and justly as you value the order and regu larity of parochial subdivisions, where every thing of a higher description is right; you should never consent to allow them to overbear your love of divine truth, and protest against error ; and whenever there is a man who makes the form s and commandments of men, however innocent or even valuable in themselves, the prominent theme of his instruc tion, to the neglect of the great truths of God, leav e him " shore in his glory," and go to another church. (Great cheering.) In a church supported by endowment you cannot help yourselves. The remedy lies in higher hands, and doubtless will be applied at the right time. Do not be im patient when men in authority do not move. When men in authority move they must move with power, and it becomes power to be patient. (Hear.) No man is fit for the posses sion of power who has not first learned the exercise of pati ence. Where the church is endowed, there the minister re mains, whether the people attend him or not; but in a great many of the churches which have come to the assistance of the endowed churches, to gather the overflowings of a unprovided population, and where the mi n i s t er i s supporte d by the con tributions of the people who take the pews, you can refuse to take the pews. You can starve tractarianism out of the church ! (Renewed cheers.) I cannot but feel that this is of much importance. I know I am taking a serious step in giving such advice to the laity; and I will say for myself, I have not done it impatiently. It is a long time now this has been woi king ; and many of my friends complain that I have not spoken of it long ago. It is indeed of the highest im portance. If it be our duty to expose error, it is equally your duty to separate from error. It is for your sakes we contend, that the truth of the gospel may remain with you ; but in vain shall the clergy on either side contend, if the mass of the laity treat truth and error alike. I conclude now by calling your attention to the greatest evil we have to con tend against in this matter among ourselves, among men who are not openly infected with this heresy. It is the great desire and aim of the enemy of mankind, who is called in the scriptures the Devil, to keep matters peaceable as regards reli gion. Whatever commotion there may be upon other subjects, lke earnestly desires there should be no commotion about religion. (Hear.) Let that be quiet. Moderation there, he preaches ; he endeavours to create a state of indifference with regard to eternity, whilst the aim of true religion is just the reverse of this—it is to excite a concern about eternity. As soon as, by the mercy of God, it appears successful, com motion is inevitable: the newborn child of God stands; he no longer goes with the multitude to do evil, and the multi tude jostle him. They rush forward as before ; he is in theii way, and they jostle him • he finds new life in hi m , new a i ms and objects, he changes his course, and then he jostles them. Thus there is commotion (hear, hear); and. in this world, wherever salvation begins, commotion begins. (Cheers.) What is the cause of this? It is " the strong man armed " that desires "to keep his goods in peace." Now, sir, the way in which the great enemy of m an ki n d checks this com motion varies with the times and circumstances of the world. At first he took a summary way ; he put an end to this •re sistance by the hungry lions of pagan Rome, and afterwards by the burning faggots of papal Rome! (Loud cheers.) When he had got rid of the resistance, all was fair and all was peace again ; but now those who are still called " pesti lent fellows," as the apostles were, are not to be got rid of by so summary a process. What is to be done then ? What is his "ingenious device" now? (Hear, hear.) His plan now is to throw such discredit over the meaning of divine revelation, that no man can tell what is truth and what is not truth ; and any man who dares to say what is truth, is denounced as a bigot; the public opinion is turned against him, in proportion as he lays hold of God's truth. (Hear, hear.) Satan endeavours to represent our heavenly Father as having given us a revelation which means nothing or any thing that anybody pleases! (Hear, hear, hear.) He en deavours to propagate that sort of charity, as he has mis called it, which will not give offence, which will not run the risk of giving offence, upon any occasion, by d e t erm i n i ng what is truth, but which will treat what I think truth and what other people think truth, and what anybody thinks truth, truth and error, with the same gentlemanlike, kind, civil, polite, anti-Christian forbearance ! (Loud cheers.) This is to be gentlemanly ! In this way he has rendered it an act of absolute soldiership for any man to dare to say he knows what is truth ; to attach certainty to almost any statement of revelation, is almost the same thing as to pro claim war. (Loud cheers.) I think these sentiments only want to be meditated upon, to be entered into, and believed, for the force of them to be felt. (Hear.) I know that persons who are naturally quiet are not so likely to feel the force of them as the .pioneers who geo forward to receive the first blows; but those, I say, who are faithful enough to believe the Bible, and to state what they believe as God's truth, are now exposed to odium as un charitable, unkind, and bigotted. (Hear, hear, hear.) The only way to attain and retain a character for charity now is to admit—to say, " I may be wrong in this, I cannot bay, perhaps Christ was not God,—l must not dare to say posi tively he is, for that would give offence to the Unitarians— perhaps there are other mediators between God and man : I must be modest, and I may be wrong—my Roman Catholic brethren may be right in praying to the Virgin Mary—l do . not say." (Hear, hear.) This is what goes down now, sir. (Loud cheers.) Oh, sir, we mus t b eware h ow we yield to the current that is setting that way. (Hear, hear.) I fear not only from the outbreak of this heresy, but from the sapping and undermining effects of this false charity. (Hear.) I see little of the tone and temper. that won the Reformation, and it can only be retained by the temper which achieved it. (Tremendous cheers.) As for this glorious Gospel for the Heathen, let us hold fast by its purity to him ! Let us mul tiply the resources for the spreading of it abroad ! 'Let us multiply prayers to God that he will give us men as well as money—that he will touch the hearts of dear young students at our Universities—that he will win them not only to the enjoyment of himself, but to imbibe so large a portion of his own spirit that they will yearn over the perishing millions of.the heathen world, that they will be ready to devote them selves to the service of the Lord, ready to resist the allure ments of home, the entreaties of friends, the tears of parents, the embraces of brothers and sisters, and tear themselves from all that makes England next to a Paradise upon earth, to go into the depths of pagan barbarism, enduring perils by land and perils by sea, hunger and thirst and nakedness, i so be they may testify among the Gentiles "the unsearch able riches of Christ." (Great applause.) Sir, let us en courage them who do go with an anxiety to go, and bring before them all the animating hopes and promises of the Gospel—above all the assurance that wheresoever the Gospel is preached in its purity. there the thorn is changed for the fig tree, and the thistle is transferred into a myrtle tree. (Renewed cheers.) Yes, sir, as it has been beautifully written, and frequently quoted, respecting the effects pro duced upon savage Greenlanders by the pure Gospel as preached by our Moravian brethren— The wretch who once sang wildly, danced and laughed, And sucked in dizzy madness with his draught, Has wept a silent flood ; reversed his ways, Is sober, meek, benevolent, and prays ; Feeds sparingly, communicates his store, Abhors the craft he gloried in before— And he who stole has learned to steal no more." The reverend gentleman then resumed his seat, amidst ap plause which made the Amphitheatre ring. SOCIETY FOR PROPAGATING THE GOSPEL.—The annual meeting of this society was held on Friday, in St. Paul's Cathedral. The Bishop of Norwich was invited to preach the sermon. His lordship dwelt at some length on the ex cellency of an established church, and its superiority to .one left to the caprice of time and circumstances, and exposed to all kinds of danger. At the present moment we had a go vernment of which any country might be proud ; and we bad a church in which any christian might rejoice. But we should not rest on this our fancied security. The church laid claim to an apostolic character. He was aware that the term "apostolic" might be made to hear different interpretations. By one party, of whose devotion and learning he would wish to speak in the roost respectful terms, it was contended that in the church there was an unbroken, undeviating line of succession from the apostles themselves, assuming for the clergy. of the church of England a position over all other sects and denominations by right, and giving to the priest hood something approaching to a miraculous power. Such claims were untenable and dangerous. The more closely this doctrine was examined the weaker it appeared—in many parts its links were held together only by a single thread. if we looked into ecclesiastical history we should find that many on whom this succession depends were monsters of iniquity, unrivalled in profligacy and vice. The church of England was a truly apostolic church, not on account of the succes sion alluded to, but because it was founded o❑ those great truths which the Saviour and His Apostles taught. The missionaries of this society are, it appears, principally em ployed in the four great divisions of our colonial empire. 1. British North America. 2. West Indies. 3. India. 4. Australia. At the present time there are in the United States 19 bishops, with upwards of 1,000 clergymen. The Bishop of Nova Scotia reports .that within the last fifteen years he has 'consecrated 119 churches; and that within his memory the clergy in that part of his diocese, which com prises Nova Scotia, Prince Edward's Island, and Cape Breton, have increased from sto 50. The whole number of clergy employed in these provinces is 227, and since the creation of the two new sees in 1839, 41 clergymen have been added to the society's list of missionaries in the diocese of Toronto, while in that of Newfoundland their number has been raised from 10 to 25. In the West Indies the society contributes to the support of 40 clergymen, besides teachers and catechists. In India the society has 47 missionaries. It has established a college at Calcutta, for the education of a native clergy, and grammar-schools at Madras for the in struction of the middle and lower classes. Four thousand young persons have been confirmed by Dr. Wilson, Bishop of Calcutta, since his arrival in India. In Australia and Van Diemen's Land 50 missionaries are labouring in their respective spheres of duty. The expenditure on the general account of the last year was £75,454. The income on the same account was—From the Queen's letter £35,315; from all other sources, £35,776 ; total 1:71,091. The bill before Parliament having at last passed which authorises the Brighton Railway Company to reduce the number of its directors and make sundry other changes in the concern, it is to be hoped that some permanent arrange ments will then be determined for the working of this line. Of late the public have bean greatly inconvenienced by the frequent alterations of time and fares, and we are sure the proprietors cannot benefit by it. Indeed we hear three or four new coaches have just started on the road in consequence by the inhabitants of Brighton. This speaks volumes as to the present (rois) direction of the Railway. HEARTLESS ROBBERY.—lnformation was on Saturday given of a most cruel robbery committed upon Mr. S. Foster, a gentleman residing in Soley-terrace, Clerkenwell. Mr. Foster at the time of the dispute between our Government and the Chinese, relative to the opium traffic, had a son re siding at Singapore. When hostilities commenced the latter unfortunate gentleman with 15 others were taken prisoners, stid Mr. Foster, juu., from the t rea t men t h e rece i ve d di e d . The sad tidings of his end were harrowing enough to the fee lings of his parents and others to whom he was most dear, who naturally with eargerness sou g ht f or ever y i n f orma ti on tending to throw light upon the mystery attending the death of their relative, and nothing seemed altogether satisfactory to them until Sunday week last, when a man dressed as a sailor called upon Mr. Foster, to whom he handed some let• tars which had been written by the father and received by the son. A father can only conceive the feelings of Mr. Foster on receiving these documents he welcomed the stran ger, telling him his home was there as long as be pleased, and then anxiously enquired after his lost son. In tears the vis itor gave an account of the demise of the young man, dreier- • ing that he watched over him by day and by night until his sufferings terminated, and thus obtained the papers he pro duced and much valuable property, which, however, was then on board of a vessel which he had conic home in, which was then in the river on its way to London from Liverpool, where part of the car g o was discharged. Al! this appeared feasible, and every luxury that could be obtained was lavishly bestowed upon him. The sequel, however, will prove the villanv of the ruffian. In the dead of the fifth night he got up and broke open every drawer and desk in the room in which he had slept, and then descended to the drawing-room and parlour, where lie laid his hand upon every portable arti cle, with which lie eteeped from the house. His name is rutted to no itntn:ft Atit!bil* jhr iirli+4l.loo fret inthi.:l Oki finMl l . l kiattlpi %OP Pip i t 01010Pe. thtools emg 4 i: bulgi 1110014 is Miti tYs CORRESPONDENCE. PUNCTUATION IN THE PRAYER BOOK TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, SIR,—In one of your past numbers, (March 23,) which has just reached me through a friend, I find some remarks made at a meeting of the Prayer Book and Homily Society, in Liverpool, by a reverend clergyman of conslderable weight and eminence. As it is a subject to which I have paid attention, and have some facts to communicate on it,"youjwill oblige my by giving them a place in your respectable journal. As a principle, it surely must be objectionable to introduce or remove any stops which have received the sanction of authority. If this be allowed as a practice, in the private jugdment of those who superintend the press, who can say to what extent it might be adopted? All alterations of this kind ought to be watched with jea lousy, and not to be allowed on any account whatever, except ordered by convocation. The insertion of a comma after the personal pronoun before " being" is not found in any of the old copies—and as it is unnecessary, to say the least of it, ought not to have been introduced. I agree with this gentleman in his remark, that the words " We beseech thee, that he being delivered from thy wrath" are clearly a petition. . . . But it is equally clear with this punctuation, that the ex pression in the office of private baptism, " Give thy Holy Spirit to this infant, that he, being born again," &c., is equally petitionary. Will the present advocates for baptismal regeneration, in the sense in which they use the term, admit it to be a petition ? Clearly not. And, therefore, for one, I should pray for the restoration of the original pointing. On the second point, the removal of the comma after " Grace" has no sanction from authority. If my information, received from a source on which I can rely, be correct, the stop is found in the copy (of that part of the catechism added in the beginning of the reign of James the Second) inserted in Rymer's Fcedera. It is also found in an old prayer (book ?) now in my possession, of 1639, and every old copy that I have consulted. _ . . I am aware that the participle is given or rendered in the Latin prayer book by a feminine adjective ; but this Latin copy of the prayer book is not the original of this an swer in the catechism, as it was not first written in that lan guage, and there translated by Bishop Overall. There is not, if I am correctly informed, any authorised Latin copy of our prayer 000 k : one was ordered by convo cation, but it was never finished, and consequently did not receive the sanction of that body. Hence, an appeal to that Latin translation which is now printed cannot be of any final weight in determining the question. Archbishop 'Wake, in his paraphrase of the catechism, placed an "and" between the two participler, given and or dained. I mean an outward and visible sign of an inward and spiritual grace. given unto us, and ordained by Christ himself. This would appear to give his views of the subject, and he is no mean authority in determining such a point. Next, no old definitions read it thus. All end with grace, or an equivalent expression. A visible sign of invisible grace. Visibile signum same rei latentis—or, Signum sensibile rei same latentis. With this definition Dean Nowel's catechism agrees, and our ca techism is said to be a compendium of his. Would not the present punctuation support the notion that sacraments and grace are synonomous ? But the authority of one, who had more weight with our reformers, according to Dean Milner, than any other, main tains the dogma, that Sacramente communia, gratia non communis. And Bishop Andrews, cautious as he is in such matters, asserts that it is in our being duly prepared that the sacraments become efficient—" Without the Holy Ghost received, nothing will do us good—receive baptism and it becomes John's baptism—Egenurn elementum—a barren element. I would say let the old punctuation be restored against the world. With much respect, I am, Sir, Your obedient servant, JAMES HEARN. Hatford Rectory, Berks, May, 1843. MR. COBDEN'S CORN POLITICS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE MORNING HERALD Sir,—This gentleman's doctrine is " take care of your im ports, and your exports will take care of themselves ;" or, in other words, open your markets, without restriction, to foreign productions ; purchase them in preference to home produce whenever you can do so at lower prices, and pay for them as you may be able, in goods, if sellers will take them, or if they will not, in money, whilst you have it, without regard to their measures, to consequences, or the results of past experience in the importation of foreign corn. He tells the farmers that in favourable seasons they produce corn enough to supply the home market—that were they to produce more they would have to export it to Holland or elsewhere, and sell it for still lower prices than those they received here ; yet he proposes as a remedy to permit the importation of foreign corn, duty free, when it is not required, or in other words, to add fuel to the fire, that he says consumes them ; that their landlords are the only parties that reap benefit from their present labours, and that their (the farmers') interests would be best promoted by the manufacturers and others being supplied with corn at the lowest prices, without regard to their being remunerating or otherwise to the home growers, whO are, he says, oppressed without relief, whilst the consumers thus having abundance of cheap bread, low wages would be sufficient to support them, cheap goods will be the consequence, the demand for these would increase, when profit would accumulate in the pockets of their employers, whilst the oppressed farmers would not, or could not, suffer increased injury; such as might follow would fall upon their landlords, for the tenantry must live, and when they cannot longer pay rent their landlords must go without it. Such a state of things be calls prosperity ! Unfortunately the farmers listen to such wild declamation; they think their present state, from the low prices they receive for their produce, unsatisfactory ; some of them are even in duced to think it cannot well be worse, and are even disposed to become passive instruments in the bands of those who would consummate their destruction. My object, therefore, is to prove the fallacy of such doctrines, and to satisfy the minds of reasonable men, that were the measures promulga ted by Mr. Cobden and his colleagues to be adopted, they would not only be inconsistent with the safety and well-being of the country, but most injurious in their consequences, from which those whose interests it is professed to protect would, in all probability, be the first to suffer. Such, then are Mr. Cobden's dogmas. I will now consi der what are thefacts of the case, and what the results to be expected, were his opinion to be acted upon. To withdraw protection from the cultivation of the soil would place our farmers in competition with the foreign corn-growers for the supply of the home market on equal terms, for the ratio of freight and charges from the shipping ports on the coast, to London, Liverpool, and Wakefield, the three greatest mar kets in England, are fully equal to those from Hamburgh anti others on the opposite coast, exceeded only in a small degree by those from the Baltic, and not materially so from those American ports that lie on the Atlantic. It is well known that in those corn-producing countries the proprietor of the soil is also the farmer ; for they have no middle class, such as our farmers; they feed their people with black rye bread, who seldom partake of animal food ; they clothe them scantily with the coarsest fabrics ; their labourers rarely know or seldom consume any of the foreign productions that form the luxuries of life ; the lowest rates of wages remunerate their labours ; they live in ignorance, and know no better ; yet this is the state in which Mr. Cobden and his supporters would place our agricultural peasantry, when once reduced by their projects to the level of competition with men so cir cumstanced. When the landlords can no longer receive their rents, it follows they must themselves become farmers. It happens that I do know several residing on their estates, who from choice at present cultivate 2,000 acres of arable land and up wards with advantage. If the wretched system and state of the agricultural labourers on the Continent, particularly in the north, removed but a short degree in slavery and barbar ism, were to be from necessity adopted here, that invaluable class of men, the farmers and their labourers of the United Kingdom, could no longer maintain their position in society, but he degraded to gratify the master manufacturers, such as Mr. Cobden is, who hope, but I trust vainly hope, they will then continue to have very cheap food from foreign sources, or with their aid to cause great depression on production here, low wages and consumption for all the goods they can pro duce with ample profits for themselves. I hold it to he impossible for our farmers, or even their landlords, if forced to become such, to continue to live as heretofore in society, to possess the ordinary comforts of life, and to bear their share of public burdens, if they are to be placed in a state of equal competition with the corn-growers of the Continent, either in this market or elsewhere; 255. to 30s. per quarter for good wheat are full and remunerating prices in all their shipping ports, and if even the state of our markets would not afford them above 20s. to 255., and in that proportion for other grain, they must still send their surpluses here because they have no other market to depend upon or resort to that will afford even these prices in onFriary times. I ask Mr. Cobden and his disciples, do they believe that it is possible for wheat to be produced here and sold at such rates, so as to indemnify the growers, let them be whom they may ? Within the last twenty years I have known wheats, equal in quality to those of Norfolk, shipped from the ports of Po merania for 15s. per quarter, after productive crops with accumulated stocks, without diminishing cultic ati)n, having no other means for employing their agricultui al population, whom the owners of the soil must necessaril support. If the farmers and landlords of the United s,ingdom are alive to their own interests—if they are determined not to cross their arms and shut their eyes against the necessity (or protecting themselves by every means in their power—they will not only support the present corn laws, but they will make great efforts to improve cultivation, particularly by promoting furrow drainage, the use of the subsoil plough, and the preparation of suitable manures, calculated to in crease the productive powers of their various soils; they will thus best promote production, improve the quality of the grain, and with drier surfaces on their lands benefit the climate, and give more certainty to the harvests. Such measures when vigorously acted upon, will also, in pro portion to increased production, diminish the expense of cultivation, enable them to afford their crops at comparatively moderate prices, and at the same time support, if not in crease, the comforts of both farmers and landlords, provided Mr. Cobden's schemes are extinguished. I now turn to the manufacturers with their and other la bourers, who have been led to believe that their interests would be promoted by the repeal of our corn laws ; they are invited to think of themselves, only, to forget the golden rule of " live and let live; " they are told that, when sup plied with bread and meat by the free importation of foreign at lower rates than they can be afforded for by the home pro duce, beneficial employment with increased comforts will be secured to them. I must, therefore, advert to the conse quences that I believe would be produced by such a system t and, first, as regards the home market for their goods, I think it will be admitted by Mr. Cobden, and those who act with them, that in ordinary times the home is the safest, the most certain market that is in their possession. In the ag gregate they possess the entire consumption of 21,000,000 persons, which, independent of, or including that of our colonies and foreign possessions, much exceeds the whole of our export trade, whilst the exporters of goods are al most wholly dependent on the United Kingdom for the sale and consumption of the foreign product i ons which they must necessarily receive in payment for their ex ports; thus each of these two great classes into which a t n h d community is divided are dependent on the other, _ in point of numbers I think they must be nearly e q ual, classing those who live by agriculture, or who are connected with and dependent upon them for employment , on the o uC part. and those who live in cities and towns, with all who hoare employed in manufacture, or connected with them a arti sans or tradesmen, and therefore dependent upon them, on the other part. I think I have shown that the well-being of the agricul tural community, of which the landed interest forms so pro minent a part, must d epen d , necessar ily, on the continuance of protection again s t t h e f ore i gn corn growe rs; it is also to be considered Unit this body are the best customers, arid form a most important portion of those who consume the manu factures of as r , country,,eaiis arc and roelciufocreed by foreign imports—that . pro portion th prices they receive f or t h e pr O duce o f . heirelarne(diuseatm of be and labour, in a still .greater degree:Must.their means for purchasing both be diminished, and at fast exhausted. Let Mr. Cobden arid the other manufacturer s as a bed • look well to these facts ; and weigh th e consequences to themselves and to the general community. But I will suppose, --- • for the sake of argument, the trade in corn to ,be free ; th at w i th large fore i gn supp li es , added to those o f home growth, low prices prevail for one, two, or even three years. In consequence of the exertions of out farmers paralysed, their svirlts depressed by seeiot the fo re !gtl wows:ire, With whum this &nth! net tußtipett, preferred tq trijlo4olllli Welt ktjf.t4fift (14 . t Othif tbrtipeito.4.iii ' , yaw i mut cutfilifitlito s itillif euthro 1 Sittitiglilllllll Estill te.tOrdi what remained badly paid—the consequence of such a sl ate of things must be the abandonment of the cultivation of poor lands, with probably the second descripion of soils, without the advantages of the usual rotation o f crops, would, soon cease to be of value for pasture. In round numbers about 50,000,000 quarters ofofrctohrenla_are st, required for the annual consumption of th e U n i ted Kin g dom, of which fully 20,000,000 are wheat, about a similar besides pulse. In the greatest years of scarcity, sixty, 1 venture to assert, from my own ob ervations and ex_ perience, when supplies were drawn from every quarter, and very high prices paid for them, we have never been able to obtain them in quantity equal in the aggregate of all kinds to one-tenth part of our usual consumption,' whilst the actual deficiency probably amounted to fully one-fourth, when the difference was necessarily met by greatly increased economy in the consumption, the unavoidable consequence of very high prices. Should the trade in corn become free, I am of opinion that in three years from its being so, the home cultivation will be diminished in ordinary seasons not less than one-fifth part, and the produce fall away to the extent of 10,000,000 quarters annually, without the prospect of receiving suppli es from other countries to - that extent, taking for granted that we had the means of paying for them, which I believ; we do not possess. I ask, what then would be the state of our people, particularly the improvident manufacturers, who generally spend their wages as fast as they earn them, and of labourers generally, when placed for bread at the mercy of the foreign growers, who must be expected to avail them - selves of - their necessities to increase in their demands for high prices, whilst our means to meet them would be regu larly becoming more deficient? It is a favourite doctrine, as I have already said, with the opponents of the corn-laws, that, we ought to admit foreign corn indiscriminately, free of duty, whether wanted or not, and to rest on their assurances that the payment would be taken in our manufactures; this is the basis of all the positions, although all past experience has shown a contrary result, whilst the knowledge of the fact, were it to exist, that we were becoming dependent on other countries for the sup ply of a considerable portion of our food, would confirm their belief that we must look to them for these supplies, that not being in a state to do without them we roust pay for them with cash whilst we had it, and that in place of their taking our manufactures in payment they would find it for their in terest to retain their prohibitory tariffs, and to apply that money, as they have hitherto done, in the advancement cf their own works, as the best means of affording beneficial employment to the surpluses of their rapidly increasing po pulation, for which hey possess no outward vents, whilst the risk of high prices to be caused by our want of supplies might cause these governments, in order to preserve mode- rate rates for the supply of their own people, to prol portation and thus disappoint the hopes and dependence cf encou raging o m u ma rke t, r i k m e p t those opposed to the corn laws, whilst the falling off of their their export trade, utnctease, but their difficulties in would no d diminish their means and increase Mr. Cobden and his friends degree. may plausibly talk of Or w t it t h rale and .d l s the ,f exports to take care ground that the first perhaps reduction in n ar t e he exhausted ea t v o ing must terminate i ion o s r t t h o e e l v a e st, but corn and general o w f hen oor themselves, oi ean o s ~ and if we once Place and other necessar n y e f e b e o ss cl or a t r e e s of exc lif e p p a e . . if they to on foreign supply, dependence means n d s ep fo e r nd. being pay for it, it will n ourselvesar rule, l t e h , e for these io a uncertain taartmee as well not avail us to say we have goods which they do not want,—whenthey will tak e th em, b ut our what can be expected to follow, but tth money is exh aus t e d , quenc es—the consumption of everythingFmost seri ous conse use greatly reduced, the revenue unavoidably even i n common and, to support it , increased income tax diminishing; nished means and numbers to pay it ! requited, w i t h di mi. Let not the farmers be deluded by Mr. that reduction in the p ri ces for their produce F must b e b orne Cobden' s assurance by their landlords in the reduction or ren ts; last year's prices were remunerating,stinctio n o f th e i r but they s i n ce, after a favourable harvest , fallen fro n 58s' have 461. to 475. for whe a t , a fall of nea rly one-fourth, and s till . to 50 s. to more in proportion for other gra i n. The rent of the p oorer lands in Engla nd is considered to be about o the gross produce , an d of the better des criptions about one _ ne.fifth part of f our th; this proportion is already lost by the reduction i n price, but the lan dlord neither can or will c onsent to b e th e on ly suff er er; the tenant must bear his share, the tradesman they both employ ma st p artici p ate,—and, if it at comes necessary, the landlord must b e c o me the c ultivator of last be his own soil. What then will be left for the displaced f ar _ mere an d their families but to beco m e labo urers, o n to other quarters , with their reduced means, and the emigratehe world before them to begin de no vo, without youth or t ena ble them to struggle with its difficulties. vigour to Mr. Cobden reproaches our government with holdin g out alternate expecta tions of changes to prices to both farmers and consumers , which had not been realised ; such opinions mus t necessarily be co ntin g ent and dependent on the seasons b e ing good or bad , therefore beyond the reach ofh uman means. The grea t ob j ect of our corn laws, next to securing sufficient supplies for the wants of the people, is steadinessring in prices, and their result has been to preserve a great er ~ equa lity of prices th an have been found in countries where " su ch laws were not i n force. That gentleman also taunts the supporters of the laws with the fac t that the greater proportion of the __ c orn in both Scotland and Ireland, also partially in the PT nortnpof le England, live chie fl y on oatmeal and potatoes. I ask him where he can find a more sober, robust, laborious, or hard working race of men than the peasantry of Scotland, or more bony and muscular than thos Compare reland , whose misfortun e it is to want employment? them with the habit s of their fellows in England, who consume wheat bread, and I ask where the advantage will be found ? We have middlemen who advocate a fixed duty, at various rates, in preference to the graduated scale. The corn parison rests on the eviden ce of facts; a fixed duty to be useful to our home growers must be high to exclude foreign growth s when our markets are abundantly supplied from our home growths ; but when these are deficient, and prices in conse quence very high, duty cannot be maintained, be cause it would add to the distress of the consumers, whilst the slidt ng. scale, as the want of supply is shown by the advance 0 - t rate of duty until it altogether prices, reduces the ceases • and on the other band, as prices fall, affording evidence of' abundant supply from our home growths, the duty increases to the exclusion of for the protection and encouragement of our home growers m . I a. Sir, your obedient servant, JosLN GLAnsToN Carlton Gardens, May 18. _..—..........••••••••"""*"" THE CHARLEVILLE DEMONSTRATION J o o:: . rn t 7l, concurrent a a n c c r I,,,uratisionof ar t e he to Fr h e e em r a d t i i; ad gathering at Charleville was by far the most formidable, .'e Limerick lftl d together at the bidding "" es that has yet congregated o f Mr. Catholic Boman clergy. The ~ point of numbers, of these dangerous assemblages o f a . 'n O'Connell, aided by the li. two d w the b present on the and ; while the latter ra s ow somewhat lorwer r e ;aiotn,avabsl,e m do o u re b o t v b e u r, t l t i h k , e , t ti t l l e re A ' and declares that 350,000 was under the mark. Be thi s n% it former papers state that 200,000 persons were I •111 osin to answer tram stration" was sufficient yi P g the present pu essent i a lly a priest's meeting; t a priest presided at thel tr pwoasyesthoefr i e ts ca p i r i affair, priest wasc chairman at the dinner— day exhibition —a priests after Mr. O'Connell, were the (orrators of the day and night, ' while, with the exception of il Roc h e, one of the county Nll Clancy,. of Cork members, and a . ... a justice of the peace, o b j e a ctors n ? even the middle class of the laity appear to have absentcd themselves, for by the list of_ guests at the dinner, conipo s ; of 400 bosoms names t of Mr. elven_lay o men are deemed word thy of then of prln ,u C nnell speaking o f b • ' of 1843 being the repeal year, says _ is p ro i piletch)o- ni b t I understood tire apathy and indifference which retarded the progress canal':axl I movemeht in suppo r t of self government, t h rishmen for Irel. d of the people—we find them " " Gentlemen, we are sure_ whereevery gathering around us. A, d they rind you the same. A Voice.— n nd Daniel. II Mr. O'Coneell.."---A ° co _ . (Great laughter.) e a From (lister to Sligo—from Alullingar to Charleville-L e e ~.a . ' where throughout this broad land h the people are honest and ve- ' sincere (Loud cries of ' hear, ear.') I tell y o „ i t i s safe to mock them, or safe to desert them—and I tell Minis_ n ot tern 't is not safe to cornpromi se with them, for they • 'I :idel i ,-, g - r har:lliberty and nothing else. (Cheers.) The aristocracy "dl havenot, to be sure, joined us, but what care I for them? I can laugh at them • Some few of the gentry have j o i ne d u • —but, as I said before, w-e , have the people. ('Hear,' a l l cheering.) But is thathaellhearot, no! we have the clergy o f the peoPlc —we have t •of and head, and hands,. the d intellect, and piety the land ; and yet tell power, an of the union. C me ll not accomplish a repeal , , • ( ,heers.) Fur ther on he repeats his d e mand for 3,000,000 Repealers, and . proceeds to state the nest ste other his plan, which has in i something of noveltv, being a of his ingenious and hurt cessful attempts to drive a coach and six through an act 0 f Parliament. He is to have ' a conciliation consultation 'in ' You will see the progress of the future Parr Dublin. 1 the number of members for the different ci • la ment, and ties and all 300 discussed • towns, making in . ' coldness in that assembly. No one can calculate, in the 0 f 3 of the present moment, what enthusiasm the enrolment _ c , , 0 11 00,000 Repealers will create . in'lreland. (Hear, hear.) I . .l on the different localiti •-, and* se e whether they shall think it worth their while. to risk X.lOO, in sending to Dublin, in order to consider what can he then further done M the cause ord er repeal. (Hear, hen Peel and NVellington know . that France and America a r.) looking at us—that Europe is watching our movements with re the most intense anxiety, and that England can never be se the until Ireland is contented. Let it be remembered,f e cure un she was lately forced to concede to Canada, which had horn a few years since in a state of actual rebellion, by which I n a lost her charter and rights in appealing to a foo!ish physical sl force. Do you think that the men who conceded toi)altry Canada —and I mean the termwith ' palreland—wa i ltry' only ll dares regard refuse s her resources when contrasted us the right of governing ourselves, and which is now only de l ay ed by the apathy existing among lrishnien themselves ) (Hear, hear.) So much for the lay speaker—now for the clerical. The Rev. Mr . Blake, who responded to the toast of " the peop l e ," after declaring that the regeneration of Ireland could only , be effected by a repeal of the "abominable of union,' thus poetically his act wound up " peaceful" ha rangue " For Erin ever green Let no man rlow be seen To rally in her cause with zeal; But by one moral stroke, Cast off the Saxon yoke— Then onward with the banner of repeal, (Great cheers.) But the rev. gentleman's loyal as pirations for casting the Saxon yoke" were mere ‘' leather and prunella" as com pared with the burning zeal of the Rev. ilr Col ntly li nlayins, thg m s talwart parish pries t of Mallow, who is evideili ta nt. " The c laim to the championship of the chh Ri g ht Rev. Dr. Crotty , Bishop of l or d e r of the toasts, oii Cuyne e nd Roas , an d the Irish Catholic hierarchy," being g iven ; The Rev. Mr. Collins said, Ireland was not without friends, and he was proud to say that the hierarchy of Ireland were Amongst her best friends. (Cheers.) They were men and knew their rights, and they vrould reduce themselves beneath the level of the brute creation if they did not stand up i n their country's cause. He was a man of peace by princirle and profession ; but he would lay down his life rather than that his country should continue in tnisery and degiadation. (Tremendous cheers.) They might threaten them, but so long as a remnant of the constitutio(Cheners.) remaA wore than long s h o uld their ag itation continue. , had the heads Eastern despotism should be established throughout the land before the voice of Ireland would cease to call for the resto ration of her own parliament. (Cheers.) It was his real ho his t p i. a ti, r s ' t e , d " t l .' o - c - s belief that Peel and Wellington, when they made their re cent declaration of hostility against Ireland 1. itshould of a bill actually drawn op fur the purpose of repealing 0 union. (Laughter and cheers.) They wanted to have nca 'e of state necessity m ade out to justify th,tu in ti, e , t i niv i se of their own followers, and he thought the people - ci s ~" or ilarie ville that day,.as well as the people elsewhere, were rot is' ic .liillisrllici . out that necessity for them. vould not look upon the man as (C at i r l e r r i s si ) )ma l : i v r y stand by his country_for better or for worse. (Loud ; d , e ‘ c li la o r e ed nr l In strict justice to Dr. Higgins, titular of l e d,' c " ers. ) be observed, that although the bishop of the diocese _ present f o r t -. occaaion, " his Lordsl , ' ,;miler communication, na il e d I _, c . e, in the r i ,,,,. _ hi. sacerdotal i'nPi°relit-)4C:f the l i t ig b it e, :rin e t ' i colours to th p," ill his letter of Athrtrigenients arc in pr)grets for 'l l .101 C if thi tt phatige it t 101 • .out tht. gtmtdt tiikt Jut ut