The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-07-11 00:00:00

July It, IS48) Eittrature. P O E T R Y. POLITICAL SONNET, 'ON READING THE GORGIAS OF PLATO. (From Fraser's Magazine.) O 1 ---, for a spell that might, in this our age, Uusphere the spirit of Plato," to outpour The glorious strength of yonder deathless page On his old cause again ! Ah, then no more No The Sink the Right, out by That smooth-faced gentleman,* bight Expediency ; ghoul each, proud of her champion tried of yore, d take the field in golden panoPiY, _Nor sutaiffer hapless Britain to be made (The l3rin of Montrose and of Dundee !) .40 sordid tricksters but a stock in trade, s • °se Public face is a dissolving view Still shifting to fresh frauds and juggles ever new. Th a t —a lio Purpose-changer, that sly devil, That smooth -faced gentleman, tickling cornmodity. Sing John. NOTICES. Th e 7t. fV„ZIe Pathological Nature of Cholera, and an rble Method of Treating It. By George Stuart Co, e, M.D. London : Simpkin, Marshall, and Ata' its a time when this dreaded scourge is rapidly making widproach towards Western Europe, any publication eite it c -ia . tends to prevent an exaggerated' alarm being ex information the public mind is opportune and valuable. The natur e however, regarding its true pathological con th ;„' a,nd the treatment to be adopted for its cure, val na 'V e u in the letters of Dr. Hawthorne, is peculiarly ti es, as assuring us, as the result of extensive prac as i t h at the dis ease i s not near l y so muc h t o b e d rea d e d to yields to en, b e and that it may almost invariably be made medical treatment. Dr. H awthorne regar d s th e c h o l era as " p r oduced by ec on e in s P e cifie agent, of di s t ur bi ng i n fluence on the animal raneanY' forced f rom t h e b owe l s o f t h e ear th b y su bt er - ' various co mmotion" ; and is led to this conclusion by Pass 2; reasons, amongst which is the fact that in its som a- over the globe it has invariably skipped over e districts, and that it has never been known to have be en propagated by contagion. Its primary operation be "WiceiVe S to be upon the brain and nervous system, which are Paralysed i n eir tone and energy, producing directly aclinainution of the contractible power of all the muscular fibres of the body. The blood and fluids of the body are L tiriven from the external to the inward surfaces ; the in (astines become incapable of retention, and ultimately the s erum of the blood escapes ; the crude part is as it were %tided, producing the blueness of the skin remarked in the late stage of the disease, and the vital powers become e zhausted. Dr. Hawthorne describes four states of cholera, vary m; in intensity and danger as well as in their symptoms, t he last and most malignant form being, very singularly, unattended with pain, vomiting, or cramps, and not un- P'equently hurrying the patient into the state of collapse la half an hour after being seized. The remedies applied, however, only differ in the quantity of medicine to be of minis tered. The first step to be taken is the placing ; L ae patient in a horizontal position, which favours the tore forcible influx of the blood to the brain, and arrests re escape of the serous fluids into the stomach or bowels. one next step is the application of a remedial agent, bruin bein g f oun d to b e the only one available, and p edi nZ., calomel and other medicines resorted to being ositively injurious. This is to be givel promptly in a thlahrge dose, proportioned, however, to the malignancy of e c ase, ten or twelve grains of powdered opium being ,e_claantity for the most malignant, and four for slight ,7 ; :r. This is given in pills, made up in combination medicines of a cordial, stimulating, and anti-spasmo tiegctuhraeracter, followed immediately by a draft containing of opium, chloric ether, and other anti-spasmo jai" nod the whole washed down with a glass of undi ed brandy or whiskey, impregnated strongly with some aromatic spice. In the meantime the patient is to be covered with an extra blanket and perspiration endea voured to b e urge d b y the application of bags of hot salt, ti a nd, or bottles of hot water. As soon as s uc h perspira st ° ron as been secure d, a g l ass o f h o t b ran d y punch, very Neves • should be given to feed it. This perspiration re ,,at once the symptoms, and is relied upon as the ell 'ing agent in the cure, determinating the action of the B lood to the surface of the body, from which it had with -In'a• The subsequent treatment is also laid down, and „ a ?' simple For this, however, and for more ample details, must refer the reader to the pamphlet itself. „ course, writing non-professionally, we cannot offer 71 1 ()Pinion as to the general safety and advantages of Dr. pathorne's mode of treatment, which ought to be re- I c V anon. It appears, however throughout to be e well apted to meet the different Phases and stages of the chsFase, as explained by him ; and we cannot but attach weight to the testimonials furnished of its perfect success -as applied by him in Belfast, Dungannon, and other n_nions in Ireland. We cordially agree with Dr. Haw !Yorne, that it is the duty of the Health Committees and the authorities of all large towns or country districts to make the most pr ompt and liberal preparations against the visitation of this dreadful malady, which could be rae without i n fli ct i ng the slightest shock upon the pub 'c Mind, inasmuch as it is clearly ascertained that pa o!lerits of every class are most effectively treated in their aO ho mes , an d removal to hospitals not only unneces- Y but injurious. e'raser's Magazine. London : John W. Parker, West Strand. v a l be contents of Fraser this month are of an unusually fed whi! cha rac t er ; ye t we can scarce l y par ti cu l ar i se one b y „ be li . the ge nera l rea d er may not be i n t eres t e d. Th e K" ; ing paper is a review of our position with respect to ill many points of which we heartily coincide. The w irig passage very justly and truly describes the A„ , RESULT OF OUR SORDID FOREIGN POLICY. 11 v" ( ' nOW that eighteen years have passed since the French be,:olution, and fourteen since the Quadruple Alliance, may 1 1(4 fairly ask the question, In what manner has Rngland efitted from her foreign policy ? We are not attacking Lord fi,",",..lcserston or Lord Aberdeen, w are appealing, not to Down ba.a ,treet, but to St. Stephen's ;for the House of Commons_ Sta te " right to throw all responsibility upon any secretary of went c° r any set of ministers. The conduct of every gnvern ilietr"ue tendency of every treaty, every alliance, is subject to Ise ac ''bni:oval. It is too late to turn round now and say, _ Oh, vot e , i ecl in ignorance ; we did not know the tendency of our f illeBti The questions agitated up refore,on each of these crises were b,, uns of pr inciple . Again, the we ask, In what have ri e , i ' d e i n the gainers ? Are our relations with France . more 'Y ? Have we grown into the affections of the Spaniards? n e ,,,,e we even the pro u d co n sciousness of k now i ng that we .kiaj d eserted an ally in his extremity, a friend in his need? fora ,We, are now beginning to suffer, and long shall we suffer, ukl e e.licY which was based upon nothing but vaguwavering, th s ionite objects ; we have always endeavoured to shout with li calrh u o cle st ; we cast aside the great, old, glorious line th ne t b-a, to support branches of the sovereign . houses, which, 'he o, r n Prance or Spain, represented nothing—neither, on cht er - e„uand, the expressed will 9f the people, nor, on plain - tito de , I .ve supported anarchyy . represented by a tur u ou r c,,'. 11 1 the vain hope of enlisting that turbulent . multitude_ in Dre '"r; we have bowed before usurpation in whatever form and tile, Painful consequence is, that we have lost the confidence Rill o ,;',.De- There is scarcely a minister, scarcely a power, who ail b„ echo te wors of the ue e Stomayr, and confirm vie w `d P er, that h in all d treaties D we k have d had o but one object in 1 2 0 1 Cy ~„"r own personal aggrandizement.. It is true that this little have preserved peace, admitting that we have for fr onl ttle time warded off the terrors of war; but exemption the hies reat calamity may, like personal blessings, like the life .P , i• c i er he, be purchased too dearly—et propter vitam vivendi Nhav e (zuB a B . Peace is purchased too dearly,. if to secure it Ale prime TI any way sacrificed the moral convictions of theppo ati .have led them to imagine that there is no such thing confidesciple in politics. Above all, if we have weakened their t o b_.ce in the right ofthe sovereign ; if we have taught them tt„syl.ieve. that majorities, or even noisy minorities, are at any 4,,Z) ties tlfied in subverting regular government, then the same ti th lit, which is double-edged, may some day be turned st ourselves. We may be asked, with some degree of in 'u we resist the Repe a l ers i n I re l an d or the Chartists Rov er ::n ? and the shallow arg umen t, th a t every constituted roo__l..ltient has a ri g ht t o protect i tself, falls to the ground the t the f orce opposed to the government gains the least re a rtag:e. Novy there formerly recognized, and there still or t e e exists a principle which does not.principle depend upon majorities, "ver jnomentary success o f a minority ; it is the principle of fo r -ITty as representing the Sovereign over all, thereverence s vice-regent on earth, " R duly remembering whose authority he bath," whatever may be the form it has assumed. " The Autobiography of a Young F r e nc h Wid ow " promises to be a good series, as does the " Thoughts and i3a Yings of Lancelot Smith, Esq." The writer is full of vcetry and originality. Our further quotations will be from a paper entitled Sketches of the Mexican War THE TEXAN RANGER. t " About sunset one evening, the little band was seen winding rsingle file down the sierra which overhung the rancho; each has accoutred more or less in a style similar to that which o ,s been a l rea d y descr ib ed as adorning the handsome person b' their leader. Across the saddle-horn of each rested the long tevY rifle, with ou t w hi c h no Amer i can frontiers-man thinks biui.self armed; and over the pummel hung a coil of lasso-me, Ilse of which they were ca - cely less expert than the kilY,,,lcans themselves. Before the band rode a countryman as f or t h e one who had been forcibly seized upon and impressed ti er „le duty, which, from his look of abject fear and trembling 114Za,Tiour, he evidently considered one of no little peril. And, aio o `,",u n. he judged aright ; for far and near the mince:lr ran 1 4 65,5 t the Mexican paisanos, that whenever a guide was lia e l e `i,?,) , the Texan Rangers to lead them to any . rancho or fert os l`la, nn which they proposed to lvy black-mail, such un th4o :,'ate was never known to return; and the body of more known to have been thus employed had been discovered freou! roadside, slain by a rifle bullet in the back, and not un nentlY scalped, o r o th erw i se mut il ate d . ;411, e1 11 the Texans reached th e b o tt om o f th e s i er r a a halt was V i 4 1:44 and the Rangers gathered round their captain to learn ,s• His eagle eye had detected, at a considerable he asked mounted and apparently armed men were riding 4 sk ` e a,a rancho, and turning. suddenly to the Mexican guide ase c re if he had deceived them when he said that there N O "7 about a dozen vaqueros about thlac n one o i L L'Y all the saints !" answered the wide; "there were eve oin .7 than the ranchero's family when I left the preceding liel a ao hat do you think boys " asked the captain ; is the old I?l,Ying?f' ' ' `(,)ri tr ,;•-• °Pens his mouth to speak, he does," replied another, th e He'll av S e Paniard " kt ,Wr etCh toie ijnyhow," said a third, looking fiercely at be Mexican; shoot the blessed greaser, Joe, and h e e .,,Tving n7 V er ` de sat . quaking on his saddle, his fingers grasping a --,tltterricifix which hung around his neck, and his white lips c a n g a? .l Ave Maria, in his dire extremity. At this mo- Je o ,„ Ptah' Smith rode to him, and said softly, and in a Fit to n , . luie res which reassured the trembler,—" Hole, amigo I ,„ant t o a youru gente, corre?" (Look you, friend, if you !i, see people once more, run for it !) "Aln esta su y . our house—off with you.) . !„ j 1 waited for no second invitatici. Ave, Maria, la, , a td he muttered between his teeth, "bless thee for thy rso s • gathering up his reins, dashed the spurs into his hie Bid a ba ck nd galloped towards the rancho. as . scarcely turned, however, when the captain h o . f A jsei s with a devilish smile,. dropped the reins . on . t ie s ,zi s n: m ex cp_ and raising his long rifle, took a . steady aim at tl e to t 'i r t iere d Lan and fired. Simultaneously with the report th kt il Tan fell from his saddle to the ground, and lay , ViM e d, by, se agony shot ,hrough the spine. The Rangers tti e a r r e c setl heedingyj rew a the body; but the last, more m . er. pistol from his belt, wt bending down discharged it into the face of ;the wounded man, who stretched out his limbs convulsively and was dead. " There's one rascally Spaniard the less, anyhow," he mut tered. And without another remark or thought on the atro cio us act just committed the party quietly proceeded on their way. A WELL DESERVED DOOM. When within a few yards of the gate, the first object which presented itself was the girl Candelaria seated on a stone by the roadside, with her long black hair dishevelled, and hanging in masses over her neck and shoulders her face was white as snow, and a wild and almost idiotic expression possessed her features. Her dress was, moreover, disordered, the upper part being partly torn from her shoulders. She neither looked up nor gave token of consciousness of their presence, until one Miguel, her lover, rode up, and, throwing himself off his horse, took her hand, and asked tenderly what ailed her. "Nome tocas!" (Touch me not), answered the girl, looking into his face. "Quita-te, Miguel, ya no soy como era! Ah, Dios mio, que estoy ahora desdichada y infeliz ! Quita-te, Miguel, por Dios, yno me tocas !" (Away from me Miguel, I am not what I was ! Ah my God, miserable and polluted that lam ! Away, Miguel, and touch me not !) she cried, waving him from her. "Maria purissima!" muttered Miguel, clenching his teeth, "presta me auxilio 1" (lend me aid), as, dropping the hand of the unfortunate girl, he sprang into his saddle and dashed into the gate of the rancho before his companions had time to stay him. In another minute he was galloping out, with a Texan dragging on the ground after him, the noose of Miguel's lasso round his neck, and the other end attached to the horn of his saddle. Turning into the plain, he dashed furiously over the most rocky portion of the ground, the dead body of the Texan trailing after him, with its head smashed to pieces by the rocks over and against which it had been dragged, and besmearing them with blood and brains in its course. _ The Rangers inside the rancho, when they saw this daring act, rushed out of the gate without thinking of their arms, and were immediately set upon by the infuriated Mexicans. In a minute all but two were lassoed and lanced to death. The cap tain and another succeeded in reaching the corral, and mount ing two horses, which with several others stood saddled within, 'jumped into the saddles and essayed to escape. The gateway, however, was thronged with the Mexicans; and although the crowd opened as Smith, with a pistol in each hand, charged into the midst, firing right and left and dropping two of his opponents, yet at the same time a score of lassoes, thrown by unerring hands, whirred through the air, and horse and rider were soon rolling over each other on the ground . Smith strug gled instantly to his feet, and drawing his bowie-knif , . cut the thongs which hound him, and struck furiously with the long and glittering blade at all who came within his reach. His companion already lay struggling on the ground, to which he was pinned by a lance thrust through his neck ; and, spite of his hopeless resistance, Smith was soon again lassooed and thrown violently down, and a dozen lance blades were quickly drinking the life blood of the Texan Ranger. When, some days after, a detachment arrived from Victoria to relieve the part of Rangers, all that remained of them were the bleached and well-picked bones, on whin the ,N oh es had long before most daintily regaled. PRESENT CONDITION OF THE ITALIAN STATES. (From Seymour's Pilgrimage to Rome.) IGNORANCE OF SCRIPTURE. The ignorance of the population of Italy, both ecclesiastical and laics, respecting the Holy Scriptures, is complete and total. I had heard from one, who had resided ten years in Rome, that one copy of the sacred volume in the language of the people could not be procured, unless in secret, in any book selling establishment at Rome. The surprise and incredulity with which I heard this statement, determined me to test it, and to judge for myself respecting what appeared so strange an exaggeration. I soon ascertained the address of every such establishment in the city, and commenced my tour of research. I visited in person every shop, and in every shop was informed that they had no copy of the Holy Scriptures in the language of the people. I asked on every occasion, why they' did not possess so important a book, and on every occasion they re plied, non e pertnesso—" it is not permitted ;" or e prohibito— "it is prohibited." The result was the fullest confirmation of the statement which was made to me, for I could not obtain a portable copy in the establishment of any . bookseller in Rome. I found two copies of Martini's edition in twenty-four volumes, capable of being bound in eight or ten volumes, and at the cost of 105 francs, or above four pounds sterling, equal relativley to six pounds in this country. Under this price, so truly prohibitive, the volume could not be procured, and on suggesting the importation of a cheap and portable edition, the various booksellers stated that the prohibition was designed against the sale of the Holy Scriptures in any cheap or portable form, the object being to prevent their circulation. Indeed so great the ignorance as to the nature of the Holy Scriptures, though familiar with their name, that one of the most respect able booksellers there presented to me a copy of Calmet's Dictionary of the Bible, and insisted that it was the Bible itself, and I was obliged to leave his shop without being able to convince him to the contrary 1 ROMAN CATHOLIC SUPERSTITION. The word Bambino, is simply the Italian for child, and has reference to the childhood of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom the term is constantly applied. Any image or picture of our Lord in his early age is so designated ; but as the child Jesus is emphatically Il Bambino—The Child, to designate Him as over and above all else ; so among the multitudes of images and pictures of the childhood of our Lord at Rome, there is one, so known and remarkable beyond all others, that it is styled emphatically II Bainbino—The Child. I allude to the Bambino of the Capitol—the Bambino of the church and con vent of Ara &en at the capitol. The Bambino is a small doll, made of wood, and about two feet in length, not unlike, except in its attire, the dolls made for the amusement of our children in England or France. On its head is a royal crown of gold gemmed with rubies, emeralds and diamonds. From its neck to its feet, it is wrap ped in swaddling-clothes, according to the custom of swathing infants on the continent. The two little feet are seen project ing beneath, so that the face and feet of the image are alone visible. The swaddling-clothes swathing the arms, the body and legs, deprive the image of all form, but make some com pensation by the magnificence of the jewels with which they are covered. There are princely rubies, and precious ernera!ds, and brilliant diamonds, tastefully arranged to decorate the whole, so that the Bambino is a blaze of splendour. What ever may be the value of the little wooden doll, which is thus magnificently gemmed, the swaddling-clothes, which envelope it, are worth several thousand pounds sterling money. It is universally propagated and believed among the lower classes, that if a woman is in her confinement and ' the time of her delivery is at hand, the presence of this Bambino laid on the bed at her feet, will insure a safe delivery ! It is also univer sally propagated and believed among them, that if any person is so extremely unwell that final recovery would seem doubtful, the preserize - nr - tins Bambino will resolve the doubt, - for recovery or death can always be determined according as the face becomes flushed or pale on its introduction ! The preva lence of such notions leads the friends of the sick to send for the Bambino. The monks will not permit its presence unless at a considerable cost, and the result is that many a family is hopelessly impoverished by the money they give, and the con vent is enriched by the money it receives. Ignorance may palliate all this on the part of the people, but no language can be too strong as applied to the priests, and monks, and church which sanction this. VARIETIES. Many persons seem to be literally and practically of Franklin's opinion, that " time is money," they take so much of it to pay their debts. At the time the church of the Vatican was built, niches were left for statues of the popes. All these have been filled except one ; it is possible from the signs of the times, that this one niche will be all that will be required. An inhabitant of Stourbridge possesses a canary, which having been kept in a cage hung in a yard, mingles with its natural notes the call of young chickens, the clucking of hens, and the chirping of sparrows. Mr. Devon has just met with a muster roll for part of Warwickshire, made in the reign of Henry VIII. and containing the names of William and four other Shak spere's, three Hatheways, and other relatives of Shakspere. It is related of Charles James Fox, that when a trades man called upon him with a bill, and found money before him, he congratulated himself that he should be paid, but was told by the gambling statesman that the whole' was bespoken by debts of honour. "Then," said the trades man, throwing his securities into the fire, " I make mine a debt of honour." " I thank you for your confidence," was Fox's reply, "and here is your money." FIREEXTINGUISHER.—The Builder describes a machine called a fire annihilator, of the size of a common pail, containing several iron encasements, and in the middle of nitre, carbon, and gypsum, in the proportions of six, two, and two, with one quart of water. By a touch of the finger on a small piston, charged with a small quan tity of chlorate of potass and sugar, the compound is con verted into steam, equalling the quantity produced by a five-horse boiler. The diary kept by Henry Machyn, a citizen of London, during the reign of Queen Mary, mentions some curious uses of the pillory. A man who sold measley pork was exhibited there with the piece of pork hanging round his neck; a woman who sold roast meat in Lent bore the forbidden dainty on her head ; a man who purchased fish at an under price had them tied " collar-wise" round his neck ; while another who sold bad smelts had both head and neck adorned with them. STRAWBERRIES.—A gentleman, who is said to be a very successful grower of strawberries, told me his plan was the following :—He makes the substratum of his strawberry beds of stones or rubbish, and does not put more, at most, than six inches of earth over this. He at taches great importance to this, as he says when the plants can throw their roots into a deep soil they produce leaves not fruit ; secondly, in winter he covers them lightly with straw, pea haulm, &c. ; and thirdly, he top dresses with leaf mould.—Correspondent of Gardener's Chronicle. IMPORTANT DISCOVERY.—It is not perhaps generally known, that if a ray of light, of a violet colour, enter through a window in the neighbourhood of a telegraph needle, magnetism is immediately imparted. We under stand that the scientific world is indebted to Mrs. Somer ville for the discovery of the fact that a magnet may be made by the agency of a ray of violet, she having suc ceeded in converting a common sewing needle, by a sim ple process, into a magnet by the agency of a ray of violet. Professor Morse has also given attention to the subject. Finding that his telegraph needles were frequently out of order, from the effect of particular rays of light, he placed before them, in order to neutralise it, a sheet of yellow glass in front of the apparatus, which does not permit the violet rays to pass ; and this he has found to have the desired effect.—London Anecdotes. A REASON FOR A LEGACY.—One of his odd stories was about a Miss Hussey, to whom her father bequeathed £l5O per annum, in consideration of her having an ugly nose. "He had made a will," said O'Connell, "dispos ing of the bulk of his fortune to public charities. When he was upon his death-bed, his housekeeper asked him how much he had left Miss Mary ? He replied that he had left her £l,OOO, which would do for her very well, if she made off any sort of a good husband. ' Heaven bless your honour !' cried the housekeeper, and what decent man would ever take her with the nose she has got ?' Why, that is really very true,' replied the dying father; I never thought of her nose ;' and he lost no time in adding a codicil, that gave Miss Mary an addition of £l5O a-year, as a set-off against her ugliness."—Daunt's Re collections of O'Connell. During the hottest months, when the thermometer is often at the height of 120 degrees Fahrenheit, the ladies of Bagdad wear a silken garment or chemise, and " babouches," or slippers, but no stockings. At night it is the custom to sleep on the terrace, at the top of the house, in the open air; the ladies, the men, the children, and the domestics having each their separate terraces. Strange as it may sound to European ears ; it is by no means an uncommon practice with the ladies in Bagdad, in the months of July and August, to steep their night cloths in cold water, (which is slung up, for this pur pose, in skins, in order to keep it as cool as possible.) Having done this they put them on, wringing wet, and again retire to their beds of palm-branches, to enjoy re freshing slumbers. Notwithstanding this practice, rheu matism, so prevalent in England, is rarely heard of in that country.-11femoirs of a Wylonian Princess, THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. AMSTERDAM.—Like a toad the city sits, squat upon the marshes ; and her people push out of the• waters, and pile up the earth against them, and sit down quietly to smoke. Ships come home from India and ride at anchor before their doors, coming in from the sea through paths they have opened in the sand, and unlading their goods on quays that quiver on the bogs: Amsterdam is not the most pleasant place in the world, when a June sun is shining hot upon the dead water of its canals, and their green surface is only disturbed by the sluggish barges, or the slops of the tidy housemaids. I went through the street of the merchant princes of Amsterdam. A broad canal sweeps through the centre, full of every sort of craft, and the dairywomen land their milk from their barges, on the quay in front of the very proudest doors. The houses and half of the canal are shaded with deep-leaved lindens, and the carriages rattle under them, with the tall houses on one side and the waters on the other. Nowhere are girls' faces prettier than in Holland ; complexions pearly white, with just enough of red in them to give a healthy bloom, and their hands are as fair, soft, and tapering, as their eyes are full of mirth, witchery, and fire.—Bentley's Miscellany. PRICE OF NEWSPAPERS.—A Newspaper to be worth attending to as a business, ought not only to yield a fair profit on the very considerable capital which is required to carry it on, but ought to yield such an amount of addi tional profit as will make it worth while for a man of edu cation to devote the whole of his time to the conducting of it. In this country the periodical press has long passed the state in which it was a mere business, and taken rank as one of the most important and arduous, and, certainly, not the least honourable of the professions. If, however, its conductors are deprived of that fair amount e profit which is every year inducing a greater number of men of education, who might hope to take a respectable stand in the Law, in Medicine, or, in other professions, to adopt it as their occupation, the result will be, that it will either sink to its former state, when an editor was considered a superfluous appendage to a newspaper, or, what is infi nitely worse, it will become dependent for success on a dishonest calculation of what doctrines will sell the great est number of papers, instead of what are true and useful to the community. One principal cause which has carried this country in safety through the outburst of popular madness which has shaken nearly all the thrones of the Continent, is, that the press of the country is in the hands of men who, as a class, have nothing to gain, and every thing to lose, by revolution. The elements of confusion exist in England as well as in other countries, and there was a short period of excitement in the spring of the pre sent year, during which they were charged with mischief ; but all that time the daily and weekly press, instead of being the ally and accomplice, was the enemy and fearless denouncer of the Anarchists, and the resolute supporter of public authority. Hence the storm which drove and is still driving all the nations of Europe on a sea of confusion, passed harmlessly over the vessel which carries the fortunes of the British Empire. At all times, but especially in times like the present, when the fortunes of private men are falling in every country of the continents, crushed under the ruins of their Governments, it is surely of infinitely greater consequence to have the press in the hands of men whose education and indepen dence, whose character and interests, give society guaran tees for a prudent and honest exercise of their great in fluence on public opinion, than to save a penny or a two pence a week, and have it in the hands of men who may be tempted to season their articles with a strong flavour of Chartism, Repeal, and even Republicanism, or any other passing delusion, to obtain a large circulation for their papers.—Liverpool Times. M. S. Collingwood, which arrived at Spithead on Saturday,. from Valparaiso, has brought more than four millions of dollars, chiefly on merchants' account. MANSLAUGHTER.—A pipemaker, named John Hayes, aged 25, has been committed from the Court-house, Leeds, on the charge of having caused the death of an elderly woman, named Hartley, in whose cellar he lodged. A swarm of bees alighted on a lamp post, in the High street, Stocton, on Tuesday, and took possession of the interior of the hollow of it, without any preliminary pro ceedings whatever. During the day hundreds of people went to behold this rather singular phenonenon of a lamp post being metamorphosed into a beehive. The hay harvest is now becoming general in Northum berland, with every prospect of the hay being well won ; the fears of injury to the crops of corn which were appre hended, from the continued rain, are now completely dissipated, the most bright and genial weather having set in throughout the country. On Saturday, an inquest was held, in London, on W, S. Badger, Esq., of Masborough-hill, Yorkshire, who died about a minute after inhaling chloroform, preparatory to the extraction of six teeth. The verdict was—" That the deceased 'died under the influence of chloroform, act ing on a disceased heart and enlarged liver." Mary Hughes, who was tried at July assizes, 1847, for the murder of her three children at Llanybydder, has been removed from the county gaol, Carmarthen, to the lunatic asylum at Devizes. She preserves the quiet de meanour observable- at her trial, and scarcely a word escapes from her lips. On Sunday, Miss Selina Turner, daughter of C. Turner,. Esq., of Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, was burnt so se verely that she expired in three hours after the injury.. It appears that the bedding took fire from the flame of a candle by which she had been reading in bed, having fallen asleep without extinguishing it. NORWICH MUSICAL FESTIVAL.—The committee have been unable to secure the services of Mdle. Jenny Lind for the approaching musical festival, owing to the difficulty of meeting the other arrangements of her provincial tour. The sum of £lOOO was offered by the committee; and Miss Lind, to show the interest felt by her in the charities of the city, accompanied the refusal by a cheque for £5O. The Austrian Prince Metternich is living at Brompton Park, which has been let to him by its owner and late resident Lord Ingestre. Within a stone's throw of this mansion (by no means large) is the modest residence in Pelham Crescent, at present tenanted by M. Guist. Who would have expected such an association for this neighbourhood twelve months back ? TURNPIKE TRUSTS.—An expectation was entertained that government would bring in some measure relative to turnpike trusts during the present session, it seems how ever that the delay that has taken place in the progress of public business, will not permit any such general measure to be introduced ; parties who are concerned in turnpike trusts, may therefore rest satisfied that no alterations will be made in them before the arrival of another session. DEAF AND Durum—Dr. Baudelocque has presented to the French Academy of Sciences a boy seven years of age, born deaf and dumb, whom he intends to treat. He re quests that the academy will keep an eye upon the child for one year, as lie considers that an examination of the patient from time to time, during the twelve months, will conduce to the settlement of the question of the curability of deafness and dumbness. _ On Monday the last portion of the old House of Com mons, called the Speaker's house, the adjoining Commit tee-rooms, and those forming the centre of the cloisters, were being removed. The entrance-hall to the new House of Commons and the western window to West minster Hall have attained their elevation, and are ra pidly approaching completion. The new House of Com mons, it is now stated, will positively be ready for Mem bers next session. A few days since, a labourer employed on the railway at Newton, in Suffolk, observed a fellow-workman lay on the ground a bottle, which he fancied to contain beer, and availed himself of an opportunity to take a hearty draught of the bottle's contents, which proved to be horse oils, for the use of the horses employed by the contractors. The unlucky drinker at first suffered se verely from the effects of his draught, but proper reme dies were administered, and he ultimately recovered. NECESSITY FOR EMIGRATION.—Our population is in creasing at the rate of a million every ten years. Our poor rates are increasing, and likely to increase. Should the present state of things continue, £6,000,000 a-year will not suffice to feed the unproductive pauperism of the kingdom. Our paupers will cost more than our navy. in a word, we shall be laying out on barren idleness more than is sufficient to guard our whole expanse of territory in Asia, Africa, America, and Australasia. YEAST.—A barrel of yeast, which had been shipped on board the County of Pembroke steamer, burst on Friday week, while the vessel was on her passage from Bristol to Swansea. The explosion was so violent, that a woman, w:io had unluckily seated herself on the cask, was thrown a height of ten feet in the air; but fortunately she was not injured, although she sustained a severe shock from her fall on the deck, and was completely drenched by the seething yeast. DISTURBANCE S AT EDINBURGH.—A riot took place at Edinburgh on Monday, arising out of the sale of two tradesmen's furniture, who had refused to pay a local impost, called the annuity-tax, which is levied for the payment of the city clergymen belonging to the establish ment. The police and military were called out ; the auc tioneer was injured ; the goods were purchased by parties from Glasgow, and were forwarded to that city under military escort, amidst the yells and hootings of the mul titude. Poon.-r.mv RELIEF.—In an appendix to the report of Poor-law Commissioners, issued on Thursday, a compa rative statement is given of the number of adult able bodied paupers relieved in England and Wales during each of the quarters, ended Lady-day, 1842, to 1846, inclusive. The number relieved, in-door and out-door, was as fol lows :—Quarter ended Lady-day, 1842, 411,890; Ladyday, 1843, 466,585 ; Lady-day, 1844, 431,484 ; Lady-day, 1845, 420,096 ; Lady-day, 1846, 362,417 ; and Lady-day, 1847. 562,355. EXTRAORDINARY SUICIDE.—A few days since, Wm. Shrapnel!, Esq., of Bath, was discovered early in the morning, suspended by a silk pocket handkerchief from the banisters at the bottom of the staircase of his house, quite dead. The deceased had been rather confused in his thoughts for some time, and had said that some one was going to ruin him. He wished to postpone his mar riage with a lady until his return from a visit to the Con tinent, but she would not consent to this, and the de ceased was constantly imagining he was being sued for a breach of promise of marriage. "THE BOTTLE."—Mr. George Cruikshank has just published, as a sequel to "the Bottle," a series of plates in a similar style, which are entitled " The Drunkard's Children." They will be attended with a highly benefi cial effect. The Drunkard's Children," 'we are con vinced, will be equally popular, and equally salutary, as a moral agent, in counteracting the influence of the heaps of poisonous rubbish which the artist's graver, as well as the printer's types, are constantly diffusing among the la bouring population. George Cruikshank may well be called the modern Hogarth ; he has a kindred genius, and he exercises it in a kindred spirit. A report just made upon the ventilating department of the House of Commons states, in connection with the ar rangements for cleaning the house, that the expense of taking up the matting every morning, which takes from 12 to 14 men half-a-day, amounts to between £833 and £9OO per annum. This seems to be an enormous cost for a very small service. It is stated, however, that by a differ ent principle of ventilation the cost will be greatly reduced in the new house. The air is there to be forced down from above, instead of being, as at present, forced upwards from below the floor, thus carrying the dust with it into the house. SINGULAR CASE OF POISONING.—On Friday evening Mr. Harris, the proprietor of the Equestrian Tavern, near the Surrey Theatre, having nearly 200 letters to post, adopted the usual mode of moistening the postage stamps with his tongue, and before he had finished, he felt an extraordinary sensation and swelling of the tongue. in a short time it had swollen to so alarming a size, that Mr. Harris found it necessary to send for a surgeon, and that gentleman, on attending, at once pronounced his case one of poisoning, and stated that some poisonous ingredient was used in the glutinous matter applied to postage stamps. The usual remedies were adopted with success. SEA FIGHT IN A FOG.—One day last week when the salmon fishers at Berriedale were engaged at their occu pation, they were surprised at hearing an incessant report of cannonading at sea. As there was a heavy mist at the time they were at a loss to know the cause of the occur rence ; but they were not left long to conjecture, as a partial clearing of the atmosphere disclosed to their astonished gaze two vessels peppering into each other at a furious rate. The vessels were evidently foreign, and are not unlikely to be the same two that are said to have been engaged with each other off the Bell Rock. The fog soon returned, and the firing in a short time ceased. — John o' Groat Journal. EXTRAORDINARY CASE.—On Monday, Mr. Wilson, surgeon, was called to visit a youth residing at Lye Waste, named Alfred Knowles, who is afflicted with im becility of mind. He found the patient suffering extreme pain in the bowels, and on examination was satisfied there was some unusually hard substance in the rectum, and, from the dilated state in which it was, he with difficulty applied means which succeeded in bringing away several Pieces of coal, weighing in the whole six ounces and a half, and measuring from one to three inches in circum ference, besides two large raw potatoes, all of which must have been swallowed and passed through the stomach and intestines. It is said that some persons had induced him to swallow them.— Worcester Journal. GRAND PROTESTANTASSOCIATIONOFLOYALORANGE MEN.--The annual meeting of delegates connected with the above loyal and constitutional body, was held at the Pitt and Nelson Inn, Old-street, Ashton-under-Lyne, on Monday and Tuesday last, on which occasion delegates attended from the various towns and districts in the United Kingdom. The large room in which the deputies assembled was laid out with the ensignia of the order, and around the walls might be seen several beautiful flags and banners, bearing appropriate constitutional mottoes. Amongst the objects most conspicuous was the handsome union jack presented to the society by the Conservative ladies of the Ashton district. There were also various portraits, the principal being that of King William the Third, Prince of . Orange. FRAUDS IN THE BAKING TRADE.—A bill has been brought into the House of Commons by Mr. Bankes, Mr. R. Spooner, and Mr. Henley, to provide more effectually for checking frauds in the sale of bread and other articles of provisions. In future the weight of every loaf of bread is to be marked on the outside under pain of a 40s. pe nalty. Bakers selling or exposing for sale bread deficient in weight will be fined ss. for every ounce that is found wanting, and so in proportion. Inspectors of weights, and constables, may be empowered by magistrates to enter and search the shops of bakers and provision dealers, and to seize bread deficient in weight or not duly marked. The,. same penalties will be levied on fraudulent vendors of: meat, cheese, butter, bacon, pork, &c. The act will t take, effect from the Ist of October. THE MURDER IN SPITALFIELDS.—The young man assuming the name of George Hart, but whose real name has been ascertained to be Thomas Evans, who stood charged upon his own confession with having been accessory to the murder of the child Henry Lazarus, was placed at the bar before Mr. Arnold, on Friday, for final examination. Information having been given to the magistrate which satisfied him that the self-accusation made by the prisoner was the mere result of some strange hallucination, the young man was discharged with an admonition as to the public inconvenience and the pro bable frustration of justice which his stupidity had occasioned. _ — THE GREAT NOTE Rommey.—Abraham Simmons, aged 33, described as a licensed victualler, was indicted on Tuesday, in London, for feloniously receiving two bank notes for the payment of £l,OOO each, well knowing the same to have been stolen. The notes had been stolen from Mr. Blakemore, M.P., in an omnibus, in 1843. Evidence was given which clearly proved that the accused had bong fide received the notes, as he had stated, on the Derby day, in payment of a bet, and that he had since given every information and assistance in his power to the police, who, however, had been unable to trace the party from whom he received them. Mr. Baron Parke said it would be too much to charge a man with felonious pos session of a note taken during the bustle of a race. The prisoner was then acquitted, and the notes given up to Mr. Blakemore. THE LADY ADA ALICE WYATVILLE.—Among the prisoners tried at the Gloucestershire Sessions, on Wed nesday, was the notorious Lady Ada Alice Wyatville, alias Hinckley, whose trial and lucky acquittal at the last assizes for this county, as " the wife of three husbands," caused a good deal of gossip at the time. It will be re membered that after her liberation on that occasion, she returned to Cheltenham, the scene of her short-lived matrimonial dignity, and there in her distress was tempt ed to appropriate to herself a watch and gold appendages, the property of Thomas Roberts, landlord of the Plough Hotel Tap, from whose family she had received various little acts of kindness. The theft was discovered and Lady Ada was again placed in durance, and on Wednes day was sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment.— Cheltenham Examiner. A meeting of the creditors of Mr. G. T. Baine, was held on Thursday. The debtor side of, the statement shows £226,412 ss. 3d., and the creditor side £411,349 7s. ld. Full explanations were given relative to the assets, which, besides the claim on Messrs. Oswald, Seal, and Co., of Calcutta (£122,000), show £290,000 to cover liabilities of £226,000. The details given were such as to satisfy the creditors that there can be no doubt of their receiving twenty shillings in the pound, with interest, and that a very considerable surplus would accrue. Mr. Braine pro ceeds to India to arrange his affairs with Messrs. Oswald, Seal, and Co. The creditors expressed much sympathy with Mr. Braine, and their entire satisfaction with the accounts. It was agreed to liquidate the estate under in spection. The assets generally are in a state favourable to an early realisation. A considerable portion will be re alised within six months. SUTTON COLDFIELD .—The Sutton branch of the " North Warwickshire Medical and Friendly Society" held its "Third annual meeting and feast" on Tuesday last, 6th ult. The benefit members assembled at the Town-hall at a quarter-past 9, where " dinner tickets" were issued at a reduced rate, and shortly after ten they proceeded to the rectory, headed by a banner and band of music, to escort the Rector, Dr. Williamson, to church, when they were met by the members of the " Midoleton Branch.' An excellent discourse was delivered to them by the Rector from the 17 chap. of Prov., I v., which was listened to with the greatest attention. On retiring from church they were joined by the honorary members ; and after perambulating the town, they adjourned to the Town-hall, where an excellent dinner was provided. At the termination of the business of the above meeting, a tea service of plate, consisting of teapot, sugar basin, and cream jugs, was presented by the inhabitants to the Rev. A. J. Douglas, on his promotion to the living of Mathon, near Malvern, Worcestershire. TRIAL OF THE CHARTISTS.—At the Central Criminal Court, on Wednesday, Joseph Treanans John Fussell, described in the calendar as a jeweller, aged 32, was ar raigned on a charge of misdemeanour. The prisoner (who was very respectably dressed, evidently in a suit of new clothes) in a firm voice pleaded Not Guilty. Mr. W. F. T. Fowler, a reporter, read the speech of the defendant from short hand notes, the principal points of which have already been published. Mr. Sergeant Allen afterwards addressed the jury on behalf of the prisoner. The jury retired for a quarter of an hour, and found the defendant Guilty upon those counts of the indictment which charged him with sedition and attending an unlawful assembly, and Not Guilty upon the count charging riot. On Thurs day, Joseph Williams, a baker, was found guilty of being present at an unlawful assembly and riot, and William John Vernon, described as a lecturer, was found guilty of being present at an unlawful assembly. On Saturday, Alexander Sharpe, aged 27, painter, was found guilty of sedition and attending an illegal meeting. On Saturday, Francis Looney, 34, cabinet-maker, was found guilty of attending an unlawful meeting. At the Central Criminal Court, London, on Monday last, William Girdlestone, 45, and Charles Swan, 48, were indicted with John Saunders, who surrendered, for unlawfully and maliciously conspiring together to make a false charge of forgery against three gentlemen, named Francis and James M'Gowran and Barton, with intent to injure them, and subject them to the penalties of that offence. The indictment arose out of some pro ceedings at the May sessions, when the above-named gentlemen who on Monday appeared as prosecutors, were indicted for having forged the will of Francis M'Gowran, the father of the two gentlemen of that name, and upon that occasion when the defendants appeared in court to answer the charge, the witnesses on the back of the bill, who were the defendants, on Monday, did not come for ward, and after waiting for some time the court ordered their recognisar.ces to be estreated, and the defendants (the present prosecutors) were acquitted. After a long trial, Girdlestone and Swan were found guilty, and sen tenced to be imprisoned for two years. Saunders was acquitted. A BITER BIT.—On Tuesday a boy was sent to a shop in Leith for the loan of twelve shillings for his mother, and when leaving the shop a young man came running after him, and said that the merchant wanted him to go and get change for a pound, at the same time putting into his hand a one pound note, and taking the twelve shillings from him, which he said he would keep till his return. The boy went to several shops asking change for the note, but it being an old one of the Commercial bank, no one would change it. The boy at last returned to the mer chant, to whom the whole matter had, of course, to be explained. As there was little doubt entertained that the note was forged, information was lodged with the police, at whose suggestion it was taken to the Commercial Bank, where, to the no small joy of the boy and his mother, they were told the note was perfectly genuine. Who the swindler was still remains a mystery, but it is supposed that, having failed in getting it cashed, he had thought it w a s bad, and adopted the above -mentioned ingenious method of disposing of it to the "best advantage," being eight shillings less than its real value.—Edi2zburshAdv. ROBBERY BY A LADY.—Catherine Herrien, a respec table lady has been committed for trial at Greenwich Police-court for stealing some money from a till in a pub lic-house in which she had two glasses of porter. The magistrate told her it was a melancholy sight to see a per son of her apparent respectability in such a situation. The prisoner was taken to a cell and in about a quarter of an hour after being locked up, the gaoler again opened the door, and found her partly undressed and sitting with a mass of clotted blood at her feet in a fainting condition. Dr. J, Smith, of Blackheath Road, was immediately sent for, when it was discovered that she had undressed and taken off her stays, from which she had forced the steel busk, and having broken it in two parts, had made a deep incision in the veinous part next the elbow-joint, from which a vast quantity of blood issued, and but for the early return of the officer, death must have ensued. The effusion of blood having been stopped, and the wound bandaged, two females were left in charge, in order to prevent her from further acts of desperation L DESPERATE CASE OF BURGLARY, AND FEMALE VA LOUR.—A daring attempt at burglary was made about one o'clock on Tuesday morning last, at the house of Mr. William Scafe, relieving officer, of Pateley Bridge. The house is situate at a short distance from the town, and we understand that Mr. S. had received a considerable sum of money the preceding day. At the hour above named, while the family were all asleep, three ruffians, navvies, effected an entrance at the bed-room window, but the family being aroused by the noise, rushed from their beds, and while Mr. Scafe ran for assistance, his wife and daughter, aged 21, and a boy, had a most violent struggle with one of the party, and acted a truly valiant part. They laid the scoundrel prostrate on the floor, and the heroic daughter kneeled upon his body, and at the same time so firmly grasped him by the collar, that I,e roared out she was chinking him ! By the help of her mother and the little boy, she held him down until help arrived, when they properly, secured him. His two com panions made theirescape, but messengers were despatched in every direction in search of them, and it is to be hoped that they will be apprehended. The prisoner has given up their names, and a description of their persons and dress. One of them was previously transported. Mrs. Scafe bad one of her arms hurt by a blow given with the shaft of a hayfork.—Leeds Paper. THE SWINDLER AND THE SWINDLED.—THE RECENT " FREAK OF FORTUNE" AT HARROGATE.—A man, named William Muscroft, alias Boscoe, whose name has been going the round of the press in a paragraph, headed " Freaks of Fortune," and who, untill recently, was em ployed as a day labourer on the Leeds and Thirsk Rail way, about two months ago brought himself into public notice, by stating that he had, through some deceased re lative, or such like means, become possessed of a large property, varying in amount from twenty to thirty thou sand pounds, and exhibited papers, obtained from some unknown source, which appeared to strengthen and give a plausibility to the statement. His employment as a la bourer was, of course, abandoned, and though retaining the habits and intimacies of his former life, he launched out into an expensive and dissolute course of living, as if bent upon seeing how much money he could squander away, and in as short a space of time as possible. He had obtained all kinds of articles of apparel and decoration from tradesmen in the neighbourhood of Knaresborough, and run up bills at the various hotels to a serious amount, on the assurance that he should, in a few days, be in re ceipt of money, and would then discharge all claims. These things went on up to the latter end of last week, when suspicions gained currency that he was an impostor, and application having been made to the banker in whose hands he had repeatedly said the money was lodged, that gentleman at once denied that any money was then, or ever had been, belonging to Muscroft, in his hands. This at once opened the eyes of the victims, and the result has been that Muscroft, and a man named Kaye, and his wife, the former a timekeeper on one of the lines of rail , were brought up at the Knaresborough Court-house, and the charge of obtaining goods on false pretences being proved against " the man of fortune" and Kaye's wife, they were bath committed for trial. —Leeds Mercury. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. On Saturday, four tenants in St. John's market were fined ss. each and costs, for having small quantities of unsound meat in their possession. FURIOUS DRIVING.—John Copeland, driver of Morris's Bootle omnibus, and David Storer, a car driver, were on Tues day last each 'fined 20s. and costs for furious driving. On Thursday several other parties were fined for a similar offence. BRUTALITY OF CARTERS.—On Tuesday, John Martin and William Hackman were fined 20s. each and costs for abusing their horses. The defendants yoked the animals together, and made them pull in opposite directions, in order to test their strength. STEALING CARTS.—On Friday, a man named George Demp sey was committed for trial, charged with stealing a new hand cart, value £6, the property of Messrs. Graham and Bradley, auctioneers, Shaw's-brow. The prisoner had the use of the band-cart to remove the furniture.—On the same day, a boy was remanded on the charge of stealing a cart from a piece of ground near the new north dock works. On Wednesday morning, at the Court-house, Egremont, be fore Messrs- J. C. Ewart and Henry Wiuch, a charge of drunken and disorderly conduct was preferred against Mr. Edward Or ridge, by Mr. Edward M. Coulburn, one of the proprietors of the New Brighton and Egremont Ferries. The evidence was so contradictory that the magistrates could not come to a conclu sion. The affair occurred on a Sunday evening, when the de fendant was waiting for the boat to leave the ferry at Egremont. SINGULAR CAsE.—On Thursday, a man named James Deemy was brought before Mr. Rushton, on the charge of smuggling whiskey. •He was seen leaving a vessel in the Clarence Dock with two gallons of whiskey in his possession. The defence set up was, that the whiskey was a present from a person at Glas gow to a friend in Ireland. The Excise-officer who laid the in formation, stated that in such cases the quantity conveyed must be 20 gallons, and that must be under bond in order to avoid the penalty. Mr. Rushton said he was compelled to impose the mitigated penalty of £25, and advised the defendant's friends to memorialise the Board of Excise with a view to obtaining a further mitigation. ROBBING THE POLICE-OFFICE.—A CASE FOR PHRENOLO oiSTS.—A middle-aged woman named Eliza Taylor, was brought before Mr. Rushton on Thursday, charged with having stolen a gown piece from a shop in Great Charlotte-street, and a quan tity of ribbon and yarn from the establishment No. 42, Rane lagh-street. She was further charged with having stolen several articles from the Police-office in High-street, on her be • -ins- -taken-there. A looking-glase r a-brush, and an umbrella, she laid hold of there, and attempted to secret them be neath her dress; she also stole a coat from the billet-office ad joining ! She was sent for trial. The prisoner's mother said that she had not been in her proper senses for the last seven or eight weeks. Mr. Rushton ordered that a surgical examination should be made, and the result, we believe, was a declaration, that the prisoner is insane. CHARGE AGAINST EMIGRATION AGENTS.—William Galla gher, an Irishman, preferred a charge against Basil Hackett and Co., emigration agents, whose address was said to be 113, Waterloo-road, of having failed to secure a passage for him, as contracted, to New York. He had paid to Hackett, or to ssme one acting for him, £ll to secure a passage for himself and two sons in the Forest Monarch, which was to sail on the 28th of June. No passage had been provided, however, and they bad been detained here, without any detention money being allowed to them, at considerable expense. Lieutenant Hodder said it was a common practice for passenger agents to have " runners," who got hold of intending emigrants and took the risk of getting them on board any ship that might offer. The defendants did not appear, and a special messenger, who was sant, returned with a statement that they were not to be found. Mr. Rushton intimated that if they did not appear and satisfactorily explain the matter, he would inflict a penalty of ..t"10 for the detention of each of the intending emigrants. etntrat The blue cloaks now worn by officers of the army, are to be replaced by grey cloaks with sleeves. The two trees planted by her Majesty last year at Ard verikie are doing well, particularly the Scotch fir. The Glasgow relief fund for unemployed operatives amounted, last week, to the large sum of £4,948. The artizans at present out of employment in Glasgow are said to be nearly six thousand. On Friday, George J. Hewson was sentenced to death for the wilful murder of W. H. Woodhouse, one of the turnkeys in Coldbath-fields prison a few weeks since. The Albert cap is doomed and a helmet similar to the one worn by the Prussian infantry is to be adopted at the next issuing of military clothing, April, 1849. A number of pikes of a most formidable character, the blade being upwards of 15 inches long, have been disco vered in a house in Glasgow. The makers absconded. A gentleman named Brett has offered a reward of £lOO for the apprehension of a robber who, he alleges, robbed him of 1,000 sovereigns on the Castle-hill, Dover. Mrs. Newlove, who was so desperately illused by bur glars near York, is not dead as was reported. Nothing further has been learned as to the parties who committed the outrage. FATAL FlGHT.—On.the 27th ult. two "navvies" were fighting at Oaken Gates, Shropshire, when one received a blow under the left ear which proved fatal. The other has been committed for manslaughter. The Marquis of Abercorn has recently purchased Dale Park, near Petworth, of Mr. John Abel Smith, M.P. This seat is one of the most beautiful domains in the county of Sussex. MUTILATION.—On Monday, Samuel Ilerrod, a small farmer, living at Hucknall-under Huthwaite, Not tingham, deliberately cut off his left hand, in a fit of insanity, with a hatchet. IMPORTATION OF IRON FROM CHINA.—The Ann, arri ved in the doek from Shaughae, has brought _DM tons_ weight of Porto Novo iron (so called in the official return), consigned to order. This large importation of iron from China is very remarkable. On Monday, an omnibus was proceeding along Water loo Road, London, when the driver fell in a fit from his seat and the horses darted off at a fearful rate. The dri ver was very much injured, and an elderly gentleman, a surgeon, was so hurt that he has since died. To-dav (Tuesday) has been set apart by the clergy of Bradford for special religious services, in consequence of the unhappy social and economical condition of the town, as evinced in the protracted depression of trade, and the extreme want and misery of the labouring population. EXPORT TRADE OF HIILL.—A greater quantity of pro duce was shipped in almost any one month after March, 1847, than during the past six months. This is entirely attributable to the present hostile relations of Germany and Denmark.—Hull Packet. A Scottish paper mentions that the maid-servant of a family living near Parkgalistone, while breaking a large piece of coal for the purpose of replenishing the fire, was astonished to find in the centre of the block, a full-grown toad, which appeared to be in perfect health. On Thursday, a swarm of bees settled on the face and' shoulders of a man named Harrison, in the Morledge, Derby. He remained for half-an-hour in this unpleasant Predicament, but received no injury from the bees, which were safely hived. The Darlington Times mentions, that a few days since, two silk gloves were missed from a cottage at Heighing ton, and remained undiscovered for some time, until it was accidentally noticed that two buntings had used them in building their nest in an adjacent garden. Two young children, strangers iu Edinburgh, were found, the other day, in rather a dangerous situation, at the top of Arthur's Seat. When asked what they were doing there, one of them replied, that they " climbed up to see Glasgow," where, at present, their parents are. A WET JUNE.—The month just closed was a more than usually wet June. Indeed, we have bad no June in which the fall of rain has been so heavy since 1P33, when the fall was 6.55 inches, and previously to that June 1830, when the month's fall was 6.62 inches. A verdict of wilful murder has been returned against Mary May, at Colchester, for poisoning her brother. Her object, it appears, was to receive the, burial money from a club in which she had entered Wan, without his know ledge, only a fortnight before 14s dcath. It is believed that she previously poisoned §e:Verat of her children. FALLING OFF IN oUR EXPORTS.—The official report of the imports and exports to the sth of June, 1848, a period of five months, compared with last year to a similar pe riod, .puts us in pDssession of the following results as re gards our principal exports, particularly bearing upon the manufacturing districts EXPORTS TO JUNE 5, 1848. Cotton manufactures £6,895,933 1,836,467 WO ' oller m rn anufactures 250,816 Linen manufactures a' 193,775 Silk gi a l r ufactures Hardwares and cutlery 773,617 1847. .e 7,726,107 • . 2,094,655 -• 2,767,719 342,849 • • 1,229,310 266,326 • . 404,502 • • 921,595 ..13,365,531 .t . 15,753,073 It will be observed by this return, that the decrease of exports, compared with last year, upon cottons. woollens, linens, silks, and hardwares, alone, is nearly £2,400,000. TEE EARLY RISERS.—The Gateshead Observer says-- " The sun could not withhold his countenance on Tuesday morning from the inauguration of the Newcastle Early Rising Club. The Rev. D. C. Browning was chosen to preside; and when he and Mr. R. P. Bell had said a few words,. Mr. T. P. Barkas spoke at greater length. He recited the honourable roll of early risers, ancient and modern—Homer, Horace, and Virgil, Sir Thomas More, Linnnus, and Buffon, Franklin, Priestley, and Milton, with a host of others. He enlarged upon the advantages, moral and intellectual, of the practice ; and was heard with much interest by an audience of about two hundred persons. Mr. Macarty followed. There was then a "shinty;" and when the early risers had disported them selves to their hearts' content, they severally repaired to breakfast, with an amazing appetite. The meeting is to be continued every favourable morning, at six o'clock, on the Town-moor. A lecture will be delivered by a mem ber each morning, and then will follow cricket, trippet, quoits, and foot-ball. The Town-moor could not be put to better use." EMIGRATION.—AITSTRALIA AND AMERICA.—Every one that has perused the statistics of English trade and commerce during the last 70 years, knows how much the increase of population in the United States of America has—despite of hostile tariffs and national antipathies— reacted on the springs of industry and the employment of capital in England. If the United States—a separated and sometimes a hostile nation—has stimulated British industry so much, what may be expected hereafter from a-continent far vaster than the American Republic, com manding four seas with ample fisheries, and peopled by race British not only in blood and language, but in sen timent, sympathy, and loyalty ? At this moment Austra lasia, with a population of 280,000 souls, is consuming more British manufactures, and remunerating more British hands, than the whole of British North America, with its 2,000,000 inhabitants did in the year 1774 ! What, then, may not be hoped from the same Australasia when the numbers of its people have been multiplied by ten, its communi ca ti ons w i t h E ngland promoted by steam andits pride or loyalty not affronted by the insolence or ignorance of domestic tapists ? A NONOGENARIAN.—An old man, commonly known by the name of " Old Tom Taylor," who, on the 21st ult. would have attained his 99th year, died last week at Brampton. Formerly, he was the driver of his own waggon and six horses, with which, for many years, he conveyed goods from Chesterfield to Sheffield, and, also, to Buckland Hollow. Latterly he kept a horse and cart, and earned a livelihood by selling earthen ware. Up to the time of his decease, he enjoyed .un interrupted good health ; though he did not escape serious bodily injuries. Between nine and ten years ago, while in the act of assisting his horse with his burthen up the hill, his foot slipped, and the animal fell sideways upon him, by which both his legs were broken, as also his thigh. On another occasion, while stopping at the wag gon warehouse in Sheffield, he perceived a child in danger of being killed by a crane, and in endeavouring to save its life, he got his hand between the crane and cog wheels, which maimed his hand in a shocking manner. He cut a fresh set of teeth after he had entered his 60th year. His death was sudden ; he was seized with a com plaint of the heart as he was cleaning his horse, and ex pired in a few minutes. He had been what is termed a " hard drinker." PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS.--The improvement which have been recently effected under the scientific direction of Mr. Beard are so great, that although the principle of the process remains the same, the best specimens formerly produced were but meagre, indistinct, sombre, and sha dowy outlines, compared with the pleasing, minutely beautiful, and really life-like portraits which are now be ing exhibited at the galleries in King William-street, City; Bridge-street, Westminster ; and at the Royal Polytech nic Institution, Regent-street. The beauty of the pho tographic picture depends mainly on the degree to which the metallic plate can be rendered sensitive to the action of light; and it is in this part of the process that the principal improvements have been effected. A change has been made in some of the chemicals used, and a com plete alteration in the mode of applying them. The ef fect has been a greatly increased brilliancy of tone and colour • white is now produced without the admixture of blue, which formerly prevailed; light and shade are per fect ; the flesh tints clear, warm, and natural, and the entire colouring, which is now embodied as it were on the plate, can only be compared to the finest enamel. In consequence of the additional susceptibility of the plate, the process has also been much shortened, the results be ing now not only more perfect, but more certain than heretofore. The specimens we have seen in King Wil liam-street are very beautiful. The busts and figures stand out from the background in bold, distinct, and mas sive outline; and the texture of every portion of the dress, whether of silk, velvet, satin, or woollen cloth, is rendered with a richness and delicacy which constitute these improvements a perfect triumph of art.—Tinies. THE HEALTH OF THE JOURNEYMEN BAKERS.—In the Journal of Public Health for the present month there appears a very able article from the pen of Mr. William Guy, M. B. of Cambridge, on the health of the journey men bakers of the metropolis. That useful class of work men are equally hard worked and comparatively ill paid in all large towns, and their vocation, moreover, is even with short hours of labour unhealthy. The journeymen bakers of this town recently made, (as we reported from time to time,) a movement towards a redress of their grievances, and we are glad to say they have obtained and deserve the sympathy of that portion of the public who • have acquainted themselves with their case. Mr. Guy states that his attention was first drawn to the subject by accident, while prescribing for out-patients of King's College Hospital. One of them, to his astonishment told him that his usual hours of work were from eleven at night to seven next evening, being 20 hours of work, with only four hours of rest. He (Mr. G.) found upon enquiry that the statement was true as respected many in the trade, and he supplies several cases with names, in detail, which certainly go to prove great, and even life-destroying hardships amongst the journeymen bakers, calling aloud for legislative interference even more than did the worst practices of negro slavery. The shortening of life through the present system is indeed awful. From an authentic statistical table, it appears that even compared with tailors, (whose trade is unwholesome) the bakers lose, one with another, a quarter of a year of life each year ! There are few old or middle-aged men amongst them. Few of them enjoy robust health, and they are obnoxious to a variety of diseases to which other tradesmen are much less liable. They were peculiarly liable to disease of the chest, and spitting of blood—arising from long hours of work, great muscular efforts, exposure to heat, the inha lation of particles of flour, &c. The author advocates the abolition of night-work, which is peculiarly injurious to health, and is by no means necessary, and might be done away with by a mutual arrangement between the masters and workmen, without loss to either. In conclusion our author says :—" The great social and political question in volved in this case of the journeymen bakers, is one which now exacts a practical answer at the hands of the public and the legislature :—ls there to be free trade in health and life, as well as in food and clothing ! Is the system of laissez faire to be not merely the general rule, subject in extreme cases, like all other general rules, to excep tion ! or is it to be a stringent, rigid principle, unalter able as the laws of the Medes and Persians ? Much depends on the answer to this question ; and the case of the journeymen bakers is one of the first in which that answer will be required." PROGRESS OF POPERY.—The consecration of the Ro man Catholic Church of St. George, London, took place on Tuesday. , The church being one of the largest and most magnificent erected in England since the Reforma tion, for Romish ceremonies, every effort was made to give eclat to its opening. Great numbers of the Roman Catholic dignitaries on the continent were invited to the ceremonial ; but the troubled state of the times in their own countries prevented most of them from attending. There were present, however, the Archbishop of Treves, the Bishops of Liege,Tournay, Chalons, and Chersonesees, with their canons and chaplains. Of the British Roman. Catholics prelates there were present, besides Dr. Wise man, who officiated, Drs. Brown, (Liverpool,) Brown, (Wales,) Brown, (Elphin,) Sharples, (Liverpool,) Gillis, (Edinburgh,) Davis, (Maitland, Australia,) Waring, (eastern district,) Briggs, (York,) Morris, (Troy,) There were 260 priests, together with members of the orders of Passionists, Dominicans, Cistercians, Benedictines, Fran ciscans, Oratorians, and Brothers of Charity. The entire body of the church was filled with Roman Catholic laity ; amongst whom were the Earl of Shrewsbury, the Earl of Arundel and Surrey, M.P. Lord Camoys, Lord Stafford, &c., &c. Dr. Wiseman celebrated high mass, assisted by the Rev. Dr. Doyle, the pastor of the chapel. It was partly Hummers and partly Drobisch's mass that was chanted. The offertory was sung by Tamburini. The sermon was preached by Dr. Wiseman. Of the church itself it is almost superfluous to say that it is the work of Mr. Pugin, and in the middle age style of architecture.. is 240 feet in length, 70 in width, and 57 in height. It nave Itis divided b e aring Opposite t he theima image altar of manner. aa nyenerstands. compartments—the Atithe chancel, s and el, furthest end the principal altar is placed , which is pro fuSely gilt and ornamented ; and over the altar is placed which t' n al ie i sn s l egsthwAset decorated ihtn i et n oh theet head three richest oeef the the Saviour. This is a work of Belgian art, and one of the most noticeable objects on entering the church. The floor of the chancel is richly carpetted, and the covering a i s beautifult helarge window cross,also of s o stained richly glass.glt of the bishop's throne is of purple velvet, The effect during the celebration of the mass, with numerous wax candles burning in gilded lustres and candelabra, was ex ceedingly beautiful. At the end of each aisle stand two smaller altars, of scarcely inferior richness ; one called the • Altar of the Blessed Sacrament," and the other the " Altar of the Virgin." One of the main points insisted on by Dr. Wiseman in his sermon was, that all the pro fusion decoration and display were in harmony with that principle in the nature of man which prompts him to de dicate whatever is most costly and splendid to the object of his affection and veneration. In the evening there was also a procession, benediction, and vespers, and a sermon preached by Dr. Gillis, who returned thanks in the French language to the foreign prelates for their .1 at the ceremony. The receipts would be about tI 0 gt Prig ) , the tickets of admission having been sold at a g • IV DI k?, • z' !.' -