The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-11-30 00:00:00

lk ''`• NL _ - NN, .oi. ~,, -;.\\ -„Z\ .. , • __ __ ,ft. ..-,, --,..• -- 1. 'N - ''• ''s ‘*‘ `''`‘ ' ~ ~., ..,;•0„,71.N. -.:.,,::› 14,,\:,-- N, s •ftiol tiNikNr-N a *4 IK ilki •% t Z - 4110 Nib • &11")& \ \ \ , S ft = Choi, N 1 Varitainnitary larcrettingz4. HOUSE OF LORDS.-TUESDAY. The first session of the third parliament of her Majesty Queen Victoria was this day opened by royal commission, as was also the first session of the last parliament. The following is THE QUEEN'S SPEECH. MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN, Her Majesty has ordered us to declare to you the causes which have induced her to call parliament together at the present time. Her Majesty has seen, with great concern, the distress which has for some time prevailed among the commercial classes. The prospects of trade were at one period aggravated by a general feeling of distrust and alarm. Her Majesty, for the purpose of restoring confi dence, authorised her ministers to recommend to the di rectors of the Bank of England a course of proceeding suited to such an emergency. This course might have led to an infringement of the law. Her Majesty has great satisfaction in being able to inform you that the law has not been infringed—that the alarm has subsided—and that the pressure on the bank and commercial interest has been mitigated. The abundant harvest with which this country has been blessed, has alleviated the evils which always accompany a want of employment in the manufacturing districts. Her Majesty has, however, to lament the recurrence of severe distress in Ireland, owing to the scarcity of the usual food of the people. Her Majesty trusts that this distress will be materially relieved by the exertions which have been made to carry into effect the law of last session for the relief of the des titute. _ _ --- Her Majesty has learned with satisfaction that landed proprietors have taken advantage of the means placed at their disposal, by the liberality of parliament, for the im provement of land. Her Majesty laments that in some counties in Ireland atrocious crimes have been committed, and a spirit of in subordination has manifested itself, leading to an organ ized resistance to legal rights. The Lord-Lieutenant, has employed with vigour and energy the means which the law places at his disposal to detect offenders and to prevent a repetition of offences. Her Majesty feels it, however, to be her duty to her peace able and well-disposed subjects to ask the assistance of parliament in taking further precautions against the per petration of crime in certain counties of Ireland. Her Majesty views with the deepest anxiety and inter est the present condition of Ireland, and she recommends to the consideration of parliament means which, with due regard to the rights of property, may advance the social condition of the people, and tend to the permanent im provement of that part of the United Kingdom. Her Malesty has seen with great concern the breaking out of the civil war in Switzerland. Her Majesty is in communication with the allies on this subject, and has expressed her readiness to use, in concert with them, her friendly influence for the purpose of secur ing to the Swiss Confederation the blessings of peace. Her Majesty looks with confidence to the maintenance of the general peace of Europe. Her Majesty has concluded, with the Republic of Ecu ador, a treaty for the suppression of the slave market. Her Majesty has given directions that the treaty should be laid before you. GENTLEMEN OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS, Her Majesty has given directions that the estimates for the next year should be prepared, for the purpose of being laid before you. They will be framed with a careful re gard to the exigencies of the public service. MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN, Her Majesty recommends to the consideration of par liament the laws which regulate the navigation of the United Kingdom, with a view to consider whether any change can be adopted which will, without danger to our maritime strength. promote the commercial and colonial interests of the empire. Her Majesty has been pleased to appoint a commission to report on the best means of promoting the health of the metropolis, and her Majesty graciously recommends your earliest attention to such means as willbe laid before you relating to the Sanatory reform. Her Majesty has deeply sympathized with the sufferings which afflict the labouring classes in the manufacturing districts of Great Britain, and in many parts of Ireland ; andler Majesty has observed with admiration the pati ence with which these sufferings have been generally borne. little more per annum. He concluded an argumentative speech amidst very general cheering. Lord J. RUSSELL said, that the measures of last year respecting Ireland, referred to by the hon. member for Middlesex, were in full operation, and would bethe means of giving a considerable share of employment in the course of the winter to the people of that country. It was the intention of government to bring forward a measure to improve the grand jury system ; and also a measure to settle in an equitable manner the relations between the landlords and tenants, which, in their present condition, were the fruitful source of so many outrages in Ireland. With respect to the speech of his noble friend (Lord G. Bentinck), he must say that he appeared to have thrown away a large share of very excellent indignation, merely because it appeared to the government more convenient to take the debate on Tuesday, when the whole subject would come under the consideration of the house. Every information, however, should be given on the whole sub ject to the noble lord, who had raised a song of triumph on the present distressed state of the country, as if the latter were a proof of the unsoundness of the principles of free trade. From anything that had fallen from the no ble lord in the shape of argument in support of his asser tion, he might as well have asked the house to assume that Tenterden steeple was the cause of the Goodwin Sands. The fact was, that in a great commercial country which sometimes entered into engagements beyond its capital, such periods of depression must occur, and much suffering must necessarily follow. He should be sorry if our monetary laws could truly be said to have reduced this country to a state of shame, bankruptcy, and disgrace, but he could give credit to no such statement, and he had no fear that ere long England would be again in a position to enter into competition with any country in the world. They were suffering under, certainly, a severe, but he be lieved a temporary calamity. HOUSE OF COMMONS.-THURSDAY. After several que;tion — sliaCiileenpui to, and answered by, her Majesty's Ministers. Mr. AN STET moved for leave to bring in a bill to amend the laws relating to Roman Catholic Charities. Until a recent period, the law respecting superstitious uses made it illegal to make any endowment for the advancement of the Roman Catholic religion, which was held by the Judges to be a conspiracy against the State and Church of this country, until the enactment of the Relief Act in 1829. At present it was doubtful, in consequence of a recent decision of the Vice-Chancellor of England whether the Roman Catholic charities established at the period when the law of superstitious uses was in force were not at this day liable to confiscation. To meet that mischief he proposed by a retrospective act to enact that Roman Catholics should now for the first time be enabled to seek in the courts temporal the due execution of their charita able trusts. At present their trustees might be guilty of any mal-administration, and no one dared to ask for for relief from it in the courts of law. As the Lord Chancellor had introduced a general bill for the regulation of Charities in Great Britain and Ireland, he now proposed to introduce a bill which should have the same effect on Roman Catholic charities which the Lord Chancellor's bill would have on Protestant charities. In one word, his bill would extend and carry out the provisions of Sir S. Romilly's Charities Petitions Act. He also moved for leave to bring in, at the same time, another bill for the further repeal of penal enactments against Roman Catho lies on account of their religion. Many of those enact ments were obsolete, and otherg contrary to the spirit of the age ; and his bill would render them conformable to the constitution itself. Mr. H. GnArrax seconded the motion. Sir G. GREY had no objection to the introduction of either of these bills ; but he warned Mr. Anstey that he must make up his mind to encounter many obstacles to the progress of the first bill, even from those for whose benefit it was intended. Sir R. INGLIS gave Mr. Anstey notice that if in his first bill he intended to repeal the Law of Mortmain in favour of the Roman Catholics, he would oppose it, as he had opposed a proposition to repeal the same law in favour of the Protestants. He should also feel it to be his duty to oppose his second bill. He then reminded Ministers that the Church of Rome was at that moment aggressive not only in Great Britain, but in every state of Europe. On a future occasion he would ask them by what authority the Church of Rome had recently created and repartitioned dioceses in England, and whether it had been allowed to exercise such power in any Roman Catholic state in Europe. The distress which prevailed amongst the commercial classes has effected many important branches of the reve nue, but her Majesty trusts the time is not far distant vhdn, under the blessing of Divine Providence, the com merce and industry of the United Kingdom will have re sumed their wonted activity. The Earls of Yarborough and Bessborough moved and seconded the address in appropriate speeches. Lord STANLEY followed in a speech of considerable length, in the course of which he called upon Ministers, with regard to Ireland, to throw themselves on their country, and on their political opponents, who would willingly, laying aside all party spirit, aid and assist them in passing those measures which were required for the sal vation of that country. He approved of the course taken bylthe Government in the assistance they had extended to the commercial community, which, had it been afforded sooner, would have been more effectual, but he gave them credit for violating the law, for which he entertained no doult'they required a bill of indemnity. The Marquis of LANsDOWNE defended the policy pursued by the Government. Lord ASHBURTON condemned her Majesty's Ministers for not having come to the determination of altering the provisions of the Bank Charter Act. Lord BROUGHAM was of opinion that the existing state of things in Ireland could only be put an end to by the intervention of the strong arm of the law, and approved of'the course taken by the Government in calling Par liament together. Ti.e noble lords who followed in the debate were the Earls of RODEN, FITZWILLIAM, and GREY, when the address was agreed to. I, THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. FOREIGN (5- COLONIAL INTELLIGENCE. -*- AMERICA. The new trading ship Ivanhoe, Capt. Edwards, formerly of the Sea, and late of the Marmion, arrived at Liverpool on Friday, after the remarkably short passage of 17 days from New York. Her dates extend to the 10th of No vember. They give advices from Vera Cruz to the 21st of October, which announce that all was quiet at Mexico-. At Queretaro the government was getting more pacific. Senor Pena y Pena had ordered General Santa Anna back for trial ; but whether he would go was very uncertain. His troops which he brought to Puebla, and those under Alvarez and Rea, who joined him as soon as they heard that General Lane was marching on, deserted him by companies. He was at San Andres. All around the city of Mexico there is a large peace party, and many of the most respectable citizens in Vera Cruz, Jalapa, and Puebla are ardently wishing for peace. The Caledonia, steamer, arrived at Boston on the sth. Charleston papers give particulars of the total loss of the ship Empire, of New York, on the Coral Reef, near Abaco, on the 17th ult., with 372 United States officers and men on board, who were on the reef ten days. They then shipped for Charleston, where 129 arrived in safety. The helmsman was the only person lost. On the Bth instant, in removing some sick persons from Baker-street to the Temperance-hall, Mary-street, in Boston, opposi tion was offered by the citizens. The sheriff finally stopped the riot, and sent the sick to the A!mshouse. The Fredericton Reporter announces that the boun dary dispute between New Brunswick and Canada is nearly adjusted. NEW YORK MARKETS. (From the American Sun, Nov. 9.) • CorroN.—The market is depressed ; holders are anxious to realize. The sales for the day are some 1200 bales, at a decline of to lc. . FLOUR, &c.—The market unsettled, and in favour of the buyer. The sales for the day are some 6,000 barrels, including 2,000 N.Y. good Genesee at 46 20c. ; 1,200 bar rels Oswego at £'6 31c. ; 1,000 barrels good Michigan at S 6 371 c. FREIGHTS.—To Liverpool there is some corn offered at 6d. ; cheese and pork at 225. to 255. ; cotton at id. for square bales. Coastwise freights are high. Vessels for the East are very much wanted. EXCHANGE.—At 1091 to 110 for sixty-day bills on Lon don ; and sf. 20c. for bills on Paris. (From the Shipping and Commercial List, Nov. 6.) COTTON.—The market ha's been very quiet for the last three days, and some descriptions are again lower. Spin ners have been the chief buyers, the operators for export having withdrawn from the market during the indepen dency of late advices from abroad. The sales are 2,600 bales, thus : _ _ Upland and Tier. Mobile and N. a 1700 bales. 900 bales. Inferior Ordinary to good ordinary 7i to 7i c. 7i to 8 c. Middling to good mid 8 to 8i c. 8i to 82 c. Middling fair to fair Bl to 9i c. 9 to 91 c. Fully fair to good fair Fine Making a total for the week of 4700 bales. The arrivals have been from— . Galveston, Texas 231 bales. South Carolina Total 435 bales. Export from Ist to 30th October 27,031 bales. Export from the United. States. Since Ist September last 111 ,1 136 bales. Same time last year 45,962 The packet-ship New World arrived here on Sunday, with one days later news. An improved feeling prevailed in New York. Freight had been engaged for a large amount of specie by the steamer Caledonia. Bills on England were selling at 1091 to 110. The American steam-ship, Washington, arrived at New York on the 9th instant, after a run of sixteen days from Southampton.:, The cholera has appeared in an unequivocal shape at Constantinople. It appears that Mr. Stephen is still the Under-Secre tary of the Colonies, but absent on leave. Mr. Merivale is Under Assistant-Secretary. The barracks of Seinele, in Turkey, capable of lodging 10,000 men, were destroyed by fire on the 27th ult. The loss is £24,000. STRANGE EXECUTlON.—Harnburgh witnessed a curious proceeding on the Bth instant. The scaffold was erected as for an execution, before the principal front of the Ex change, and at twelve o'clock a large furnace, filled with -resinous wood, was placed on it. 'The wood having been set on fire, the bell of the Town-hall was rung violently, as is usual during the execution of decrees inflicting infa mous penalties. At one o'clock, the hour at which mer chants are assembled on the Exchange, the public execu tioner ascended the scaffold, followed by two of his assistants, and,' after having caused a drum to be beat, proclaimed, in a loud voice, the name of a merchant who had been declared guilty of fraudulent bankruptcy, and who had taken to flight. He then displayed to the spec tators an enormous placard, bearing the name of the cul prit in gigantic letters. He caused the next drum to be beat a second time, after which he tossed the placard in the flames. For twenty years no similar execution had taken place at Hambnrgh. By the laws of the city, when a tradesman fails, the state of his affairs is immediately examined into by a jury, nominated by the Tribunal of Commerce, and the jury has to declare, on their oath, if the bankrupt be irreproachable, if he •be guilty of negli gence, or if he has committed fraud. In the first case, the Tribunal of Commerce declares him innocent : in the second, he is subject to imprisonment for a period more or less long; in-the third, he is liable to be confined in a house of correction for from ten to twenty years, and to be exposed on the pillory; but if he takes to flight, his name is thus publicly burned by the hangman. THE RECENT EXCAVATIONS AT POMPEII.—NapIes, Oct. 2.—ln the magnificent street leading from the ancient seashore, in the neighbourhood of the theatres, to the so-called causeway of the Fortuna, and thence in a direct line to the northern city wall, there has been exca vated a house that surpasses in richness and elegance all that has been discovered previously. The space of the court-yard is open, has a mosaic pavement, and on the walls fantastic pictures of the richest and most tasteful style. At the sides of the atrium (court-yard) are small sleeping rooms, with the following wall paintings :1--Poly pheme, who receives a letter from Galatea by an amorino riding upon a dolphin ; Venus occupied with, fishing ; a Narcissus ; a few swimming gods of Love ; a Victoria upon a car; and several landscapes. In the background of the atrium opens a tablinum (the reception-hall), with chequered marble pavement. On the walls of this room must have been wood paintings, as the spaces which they once filled are still plainly seen, as also the charcoal re mains of those paintings. Th4y were, perhaps, from the hands of those celebrated masters who, according to Pliny, preferred painting upon wood. At the side of the recep tion-hall is a dining-room, where are seen three large paintings of full-size figures. They represent Hercules with Omphale holding his club, and wrapped in the skin of the Nemvean lion. Next, Bacchus as a boy, and arm in-arm with Silenus, on a car drawn by two oxen, and followed by Bacchantes. Thirdly, a Bacchanal procession of triumph. Here were also the Triklinian reposing beds, richly adorned with silver. Behind the reception-hall is the garden, with a fountain at the end, which is adorned with mosaic and a small marble statue of Silenus. In the centre is the water reservoir, adorned with rich marble sculptures. This dwelling joins a second open atrium where the servants lived. Here was found a four-wheeled waggon with iron wheels and much bronze ornament. The kitchen contained many implements of bronze, and the traces of smoke were in many places still visible, after the lapse of eighteen centuries. The dwelling had—what is very rare—second and third stories, to which led a wide staircase. Upon a small picture close to the staircase lies a letter with the (scarcely legible) name of the owner of the house, in oblique characters, and plainly indicating his rank. It belonged to the Decuriie or senators of Pompeii. The house has therefore been christened, Casa della Sonatrice. or dell' Ercole Übbriaco. It is the newest excavation of importance. THE PRASLIN TRAGEDY.—MdIIe. Deluzy has been set at liberty, in virtue of an ordinance, declaring that there was no evidence against her. The statement that the Queen of Spain is enciente is confirmed, and with this important addition—that the fact had been communicated to, and accepted by, the French Government. The last advices from the Cape of Good Hope state that no movement of an important character had taken place, but Sir Henry Pottinger was organising his forces for a grand coup in a few days. By a printed circular issued from the Colonial Office, it appears that prelates of the Roman Catholic Church in the British colonies are in future to be styled officially " Your Grace " or " Your Lordship," as the case may be. It is said that two tenor singers have died prematurely at Venice, from the over exertion required in singing Verdi's compositions, and that prima donnes now stipu late that they shall not be required to sing in ti erdi's operas. Three large steamers, with engines from 200 to 300 horses' power, have been fitted at Bahia for the slave trade. One of these has already arrived on the west coast of Africa, where she embarked 900 slaves, and escaped from the brig-of- war Sealark, by steaming away from her during a calm. NEW ZEALAND.—It is intended for the future to keep a permanent naval force at New Zealand. It will con sist of one frigate, one sloop of war, and a steam sloop. Orders have been sent out to form a naval depot at Auck land, and such stores as cannot be procured at that colony will be sent out from England. THE TERRORS OF ENIIGRATION.—DreadfuI has been the sufferings to which our emigrants have been exposed. In one vessel, the Looshtank, out of 462 passengers, 272 died. The crew also all perished. Several vessels, which fell in with them, sheared off on hearing their dreadful conditiod. On reaching land the captain became insane. ARCTIC COMFORT.—Dr. Rae, in his narrative of the recent expedition along the arctic coast, states : "We had not yet obtained a drop of water of natures thawing ; and, fuel being rather a scarce article, we sometimes took small kettles of snow under the blanket with us, to thaw it by the beat of our bodies." INFANT SCHOOLS AT ROME.—The Duke Sforza Ce sarini, who married Miss Shirley, the grand-daughter of Robert, Earl Ferrers, has lately succeeded in establishing an infant school at Genzano, near Rome, which has ex cited considerable interest from the fact of its being the first school of that description which has ever been esta blished at or near Rome. At half-past twelve, on the 20th instant, his Royal Highness William 11., Elector of Hesse, departed this life at Frankfort, after a few days' illness. The deceased was born on the 28th July, 1777, and succeeded to the elec torate on_the 27th of February, 1821. He is succeeded by his son, Prince Frederick William, born on the 20th August, 1802, and who, since 1831, shared the reins of government with his father. The Paris papers of Thursday are of considerable inte rest. After a meeting of the British, Austrian, and Prus sian ministers, at the hotel of the President of the Coun cil, on Wednesday, a courier was despatched to Berne, bearing offers of mediation on the part of the great powers. General Dufour put all his forces in motion on the 22nd, for the attack on Lucerne, whose government 1 ad met, and, by a small majority of only three, deter mined upon an obstinate resistance. COTTON FROM SOUTH AFRlCA.—Advices from Port Natal give a favourable account of the soil and climate of that colony for the growth of cotton. The great difficulty in the way of an extension of the cultivation would be a deficiency of labour. The produce is said to be very superior in colour, fineness , and le n g th of staple. One advantage which a planter the re has over the Americans is, that the plant produces at Port Natal several years in succession. THE RECENT TRIPLE MURDER IN BRUSSELS.—It will be recollected that about two months ago, the sister and two female servants of M. Evenpoel were found horribly murdered in his house at Brussels, and a large quantity of property carried off. The culprits have at length been discovered, one of them being a tenant of M. Evenpoel, who, being in arrears of rent, communicated the fact to an accomplice, and the murder and robbery were agreed upon. The discovery of the murderers has created much excitement in Brussels. THE Boor( FAIR LEIPSIC.—The Prase publishes the following letter from Leipsic :—" The catalogue of the books to be offered for sale at the approaching sale con tains 4,871 articles in that trade, comprising books jour nals, and geographical map ‘, being about 1000 less than last year. 13ut still the proportion of pamphlets written in German increases. Amongst those pamphlets on reli gious controversy and scientific and political subjects, 76 were published by dissenters, 37 are relative to the high price of provisions, and the necessities of the labouring classes, and 10 on the potato disease." THE CATHEDRAL AT CALCUTTA.—The consecration of the new cathedral at Calcutta has taken place. Eight years ago the ceremony of laying the " first stone" of this sacred edifice was witnessed ; so that we might, from the time it has taken in building, conclude that it rivals in extent and magnificence its namesake of the British me tropolis. It will not, however, either for size or beauty, stand a comparison with many a country church in Eng land. It may afford sittings for one thousand people with some cramming, which is not a pleasant thing in that country ; and it has a mean, insignificant, and yet tawdry look, inside and out. THE SWISS QUARREL.—The following may be taken as a brief statement of the facts and causes of this singular war. The Sonderbund (or league of Catholic Cantons) having as they conceive, by a right of internal or municipal government secured for them by the treaty of Vienna), entrusted the supervision of public instruction to the Jesuits, were remonstrated with by the Protestant Can tons, who accused the Jesuits of intriguing, &C., and required to have them expelled by the Cantons in which they were located. This the latter refused to do, because they maintained they had a right to manage their own internal or municipal affairs, independent of the other states of the republic, or even a majority of the Diet, or general congress of the whole. There,was a further cause of difference between the Protestant and Roman Catholic Cantons :—the Protestants are in favour of a more cen tralized form of government for the Helvetic Union ; they want to have Switzerland less cantonal, and more national—to do away with the separate and semi-indepen dence of each state, and give a unity of government and action to them all. To this the Roman Catholic: Cantons, being more conservative of old systems and customs, are opposed, and deny the right of the Diet (in which the Protestant or movement cantons have a majority) to alter the constitution, as it has been secured to them by treaties. The Federalists having resorted to arms to enforce their fancied right, the Sonderbund also, armed in defence. The two contending parties in the republic have each of them ardent sympathizers everywhere. HOUSE OF COMMONS.-TUESDAY. The following notices were given : By the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, to move, on Tuesday, for a committee to inquire into the causes of the recent commercial distress, and how far that distress had been produced by the law regulating the issue of Bank notes. By Sir G. GREY, for Tuesday, to ask leave to, bring in a bill for the better repression of outrages in certain districts in Ireland. By Mr. F. O'CoNNoR, on the 7th of December, for a committee of enquiry into the means by which the dissolution of the Parliament of Ireland had been effected. By Mr. C. ANSTEY, on an early day to move for papers connected with the adminis tration of foreign affairs since 1829, with a view to the impeachment of Lord Palmerston. Dr. BOWRING renewed his motion relative to a decimal coinage. The Queen's speech having been read, Mr. HEYWOOD moved, and Mr. S. ADAIR seconded, the address in answer thereto. Mr. H. GRATTAN propounded an amendment, which was seconded by Mr. E. B. ROCHE, to the effect that although the present Poor Law may materially alleviate the existing distress in some districts in Ireland, yet, as it is quite inadequate to meet that distress in other dis tricts, it is therefore absolutely necessary to devise im mediate measures to avert famine and pestilence from a large portion of her Majesty's subjects in that countri: The debate then proceeded mainly on the state of Ire land ; the members taking part therein being Mr. H. Drummond, Sir George Grey, Mr. John O'Connell, Sir Benjamin Hall, Mr. Maurice O'Connell, Mr. Meagher, Sir William Somerville, Mr. Augustus Stafford, and Mr. F. O'Connor, after which Mr. H. Grattan withdrew his amendment. _ _ _ • Mr. HERRIES proceeded to address the House on the subject of the late proceedings between the Government and the Bank, adverted to in the speech from the Throne, but the Chancellor of the Exchequer declined offering any observations on the subject, until he should move for the committee of which he bad given notice. The address was then agree d to. HOUSE OF COMMONS.-WEDNESDAY. On the bringing up the report on the address, • Mr. OSBORNE entered into a general review of all the topics alluded to in the Queen's speech, dwelling more particularly on the condition of Ireland. As an Irish landlord, he bore his testimony to the success of the Irish Poor-law, and censured the conduct of many landlords for their eager desire to get possession of the land, driving families from their homes into bogs and drains. He ad mitted the necessity of some coercive measures to sup press outrage, but as long as the peasantry were ill-housed, ill-clothed, and worse paid for their labour, there would be no safety for life and property. Lord G. BENTINCK expressed his surprise that the go vernment had not thought it worth while to state their reaaons for giving the bank permission to violate their charter. He attacked the government for their tardiness in granting even this relief, and reviewed the pressure that was obliged to be brought to bear on them to cause them to yield. He then contrasted the commercial condition of this country with that of other European nations, to show that the misery we were now suffering was the re sult of free trade. While our factories were almost stand ing still, and our operatives famishing, other countries were sending to our markets, and actually buying cotton in Livernool at three halfpence per pound less than it could be obtained in the country where it was grown. Thus, also, was it with sugar and with tea, so that the na ture of our free trade commercial operations was to ena ble us to supply foreigners in Europe with tea, cotton, sugar, &c., at a less price than we paid for those articles in the-markets from whence we bought them. This was a clear proof that other countries which adhered to pro tection, and which would concede nothing without an equivalent, were in a state of great prosperity, profiting by every loss we sustained ; while on the other hand Eng land, with its free trade principles, was reduced in the eyes of Europe, to a state of shame, bankruptcy, and dis grace. (Cheers.) Could anything be more disgraceful than for the government to sanction a grossly usurious rate of interest which, they must well know, coi ntner „ .. . could not legitimately pay ? (Cheers.) They had been and still were enabling the bank to play the part of the usurer and the monopolist, and to say in the words of Sir Giles Overreach, " All men must be sellers—we the only 'buyers." The noble lord then referred to the dreadful calamity which had fallen upon our West India colonies, -upon the Mauritius, and the East Indies, and entered his solemn protest against proceeding in so rash a course. How changed were the whole circumstances of the country since the time when it enjoyed the blessing of protection ! Now the people are starving in the midst of plenty, and at the moment of our returning thanks to Providence for granting us an abundant harvest. The noble lord ridi culed the notion that the distress could be attributed to the absorption of capital by railways—the whole amount thus abvrhed not exceeding .£85,000,000 from 1841 to 1847 (both years inclusive), or about £12,000,000 or HOUSE OF LORDS.-FRIDAY. Earl Ga.Ey laid upon the table copies of the correspon dence between the First Lord of the Treasury, the Chan cellor of the Exchequer, and the Bank of England, res pecting the infringement of the Bank Charter Act of 1844, and took that opportunity of replying to the question of Lord Ashburton, on the preceding evening, as to the public being left in suspense in consequence of the letter of the bank directors announcing their resolution of re ducing the rate of interest to seven per cent. not being answered by the government until the Monday following the Thursday on which it was written. The fact was that no such letter was ever written. The bank directors and the government were in constant communication, but the former acted on their own responsibility, though with the sanction of the government, and, having carried their resolution into effect on the Monday, the First Lord of the Treasury and Sir C. Wood withdrew their letter on the Thursday. Lord ASHBURTON said that, under such circumstances, the government was not to blame. The responsibility was thrown altogether upon the Bank of England. In reply to question from Lord BROUGHAM, Earl GREY said that the effect on the currency pro duced by the outlay of capital on railways must, he con ceived, form a portion of the enquiry of the committee upon the commercial distress of the country. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—FRIDAY. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER moved for leave to bring in a bill to extend the time for the purchase of land, and for the completion of works by railway compa nies, and in so doing declared his opinion, that the demand for money for the construction of railways was one of the causes of the commercial distress, which they all deplored ; though he would not pretend to say it was the principal one. As the agriculture and commerce of the country were to be sustained by means of its floating capital, when that became from any cause diminished a severe pressure was necessarily felt by its withdrawal. The case was precisely the same with communities as with indivi duals. If a large proportion of floating capital became converted into fixed capital in any community the result must be that all those who trusted to the floating capital for means to carry on the trade and commerce of the c)nntry must be exposed to the greatest inconvenience; and such was at present the condition of this empire. The right hon. gentleman then went into a series of calcula tions showing that from the year 1826 to 1846 the amount of money sanctioned by parliament to be expended upon railways was about £286,000,000. It was stated by Lord George Bentinck that the average annual expenditure on railways was about £12,500,000 •, but it was an erroneous mode of calculating to extend the sum equally over the whole number of years, as in 1841 the expenditure on railways was only £1,470,000, while in 1845 it was no less than £14,000,000. In 1846 the amount was £36,485,000; and in the present year the sum expended, according to the estimate of the Board of Works, had been no less than £62,000,000. At present the expenditure was compara tively light, but since the commencement of 1846 it had pressed heavily on the available capital of the country, and would continue to do so in an increased ratio until 1850, even supposing no railways were constructed beyond those schemes which had been already sanctioned by Parliament. Under these circumstances, it became necessary to take some steps tot revent the recurrence of such a pressure by spreading the future expenditure in that direction over a• larger space of time than was at present authorised by t h.! Acts of Parliament under which those railways were res pectively carried on. He would not propose any compul sory measure, but rather one to give the power to railway companies to extend the time for the purpose of buying the 1 ind for, and for the completion of their works. This would prevent the necessity of their raising capital to purchase the land for their railways within the given time pre scribed by their respective acts of incorporation. The time to be allowed would be more conveniently discussed in committee, but his present view was to give two or three years beyond the time originally contemplated. On the other hand, he proposed to give to the landowners a claim for compensation for any injury which they might in consequence sustain. With respect to railways not yet commenced, he proposed that the directors should not be empowered to commence their works without the consent of a certain proportion of the shareholders. Ho would also suggest the expediency of not passing, during the present session, any bills authorising the raising of any large sums of money. After a short discussion the bill was brought in and read a first time, and a committee appointed on railway bills. A discussion on the case of the ex-Rajah of Sattarr, arising out of a motion of Mr. Hume's for papers, in which several hon. members took part, concluded the business of the sitting. CONSOLATORY AND NOVEL DOCTRINES. The seconder of the address (Mr. S. Adair) has laid before us quite a new light in which to regard our recent commercial and financial sufferings. He says :—" With respect to the commercial difficulties of the country, they might, heavy as they had been, be yet in some measure regarded as attended with this advantage, that they tended to abate our pride in ourselves. If he thought, however, that the mighty efforts of this empire could be really dis -couraged by any blow to our commerce, however severe, he might lament that such had occurred, but knowing the indomitable energies of the British people, and how they strove against what might overpower the energies of any other nation, it might be as well that they were called on from time to time to consider whether their course had been in accordance with those principles as ought on all occasions to guide it. (Hear, hear.) " When in the name of wonder did Mr. Adair pick up this philosophy ; upon whose showing any disaster is a good, inasmuch as it most certainly " tends to abate our pride in ourselves ? " We trust that he is himself a particularly humble minded young man. At least his constituents ought to be ; for they -lave not much to be proud of in their member. As for the latter part of the paragraph, which states that " it might be as well that people were called on from time to time to consider whether their course had been in accord ance with such principles as ought on all occasions to guide them," it will, doubtless, be seized upon by Sir R. Peel, as anargument in defence of the periodical applica tion of his banking screw. We should suggest, however, the propriety of a trifling extension of the principle. The members of both houses " might as well " have their noses held to a grindstone, or he submitted to some other more genteel species of infliction, once or twice in the session, for the purpose of inducing the some reflective ness, as to the propriety of their measures, as that which is thought likely to be so efficacious in keeping right the commercial community. IRELAND. According to the Nation there are 168 estates in Ire land for sale. No wonder. The Belfast municipal elections have terminated in the return of Conservatives for every ward by a . large majority. By the municipal election last week, the Conservatives have gained, in Cork, two aldermen and two councillors. A schoolmaster, named Gowdy, was fined 20s. at the Coleraine petty sessions, on the 15th instant, for having assaulted one of his pupils by severely flogging him. A slcop, lying at Glin, near Limerick, was, in a gale, last Sunday, driven from its anchorage, and went down with twelve hands on board, only one of whom was saved. PERSECUTION.—At Kildare petty sessions informations were laid against a Romish 'priest and several other per sons, for intimidating a Presbyterian clergyman from preaching. DISTRIBUTING NEWS.—In one parish in Ireland, the newsboy supplies all his customers, who live at great in tervals of distance, by leaving their newspapers for them in their pews at church. On Monday intelligence reached Lloyd's that the French brig Camelia, of St. Malo, laden with Indian corn, had been totally lost, in Ballenkillig Bay, county Kerry, the master arid crew, except a boy, being drowned. IRISH GRATITUDE FOR ENGLISH BOUNTY.—ThOS. Darkin, an Irish piper, has been repeatedly committed to gaol at Manchester, for breaking the windows of the house of the Bolton overseer. He declares he will persist till he has obtained 15s. to mend his pipes. The Dublin Nation alludes to certain members of tl e Old Ireland party who were opposed to Sir Robert Peel's Colleges, and took p:rt in the anti-bequest agitation, as " a gang of blacklegs, swindlers, brothel hunters, and drunken h3pacrites ! ! !" REPEAL ASSOCIATION.-Mr. E. D. Williams presided at the weekly meeting on Monday. A letter from Mr. John O'Connell, strongly deprecating and deploring the prevalent outrages and murders, was read. The rent for the week, which included £5 3s. sd. from Liverpool, per Mr. James Levingston, was announced to be £4O Ils. 7d. About four or five hundred persons, composed of men, women, and children, again congregated outside the doors of the Nenagh workhouse, at the last meeting. They were quiet and orderly, and their appearance was truly deplorable to behold. They were clothed in rags, which were drenched with the rain. There was a small body of police present to preserve the peace. Violence continues its progress. In the King's county the effect has been excessive alarm on the part of the landed gentry ; and the local papers state that many are preparing to break up their establishments and retire to the continent. One gentleman,•a Mr. Walsh, magistrate, guardian, and resident landlord, advertises the sale of his furniture and stock preparatory to departure. Others, it is said, are ready to follow. Few can censure this com pulsory absenteeism, for no man can aTord to be patriotic at the expense of his life. On Monday week, a man named Griffith, who was employed to attend the engine by which the trains are lowered . down and drawn up an inclined plane on a rail way leading from a colliery near Meath, was killed in a horrible manner. A loaded train had been pushed too far, so that it descended with terrific speed ; and, in en deavouring to check it by fixing a pin in the break, he was caught by the unattached chain, which carried him round the drum, severed his head from his body, cut his waist in two, and scattered pieces of his flesh over the machinery. INSOLVENCY AMONGST IRISH FARMERS. —Tile Dub lin Gazelle of Tuesday se'nnight, contains a list of no less than 73 insolvents whose cases are to be disposed of at Nenagh, Tipperary, on the 7th of December next. Of this number, 41 are set down as "farmers." The same Gazette gives the name of 31 insolvent, who are to be brought before the commissioner at Limerick, on the 9th December ;of this list 10 are " farmers." Friday's appear at Ennis, number are " farmers. " Gazette contains th e e . nam es w F R IGHTFUL CASE OF .ABDUCTION. — On Sunday night , e ri s th of 0 4 f 8 D i i e s c o e l m v e b n e t r s -30 1° of a r e this a lawless gang under arms paid one of their nocturnal visits to the house of Roger Molony, of Lisnamuck, near Curragh Chase, in this county. At once they smashed the windows, and having thereby effected an entrance, rushed like so many demons up stairs where his daughter lay in bed with her sister. They seized their innocent victim and dragged her off in her night dress, amid her shrieks and the lamentations of her family. Having pulled her along mercilessly for about a mile through fields, over ditches and fences, her feet and head bare, they entered the house of Mr. Richard Creagh, where they left her with the monster whom they designed for her husband ; but they were grossly disappointed, for Mrs. Creagh, a highminded woman, afforded that sanctuary and protec tion she so mt c's wanted, and in the morning restored and accompanied her to her disconsolate parents. The principal is still at large, but several of his companions in guilt have been lodged in bridewell.—Limerick Chron. A TALE OF HORROR.—Mr. Stafford O'Brien shocked the house on Tuesday night with the following narration of the circumstances connected with the recent attempt to assassinate Mr. Bayly, near Nenagh :—" With re spect to one crime," remarked the hon. gentleman, "be ing connected with the district where it happened, I will state the facts to the house, and they will shew—for it is not, I regret to say, a solitary crime—the state of feeling which exists in Ireland respecting that species of crime. I allude to the attempt upon Mr. Bayly. Mr. Bayly is a man so well known that any eulogy I could pass upon him would be idle indeed. There may be cases of persons accused of hard dealing, but hard dealing is no excuse for assassination. Mr. Bayly, however, needs no eulogy which I can•bestow ; and Mr. Bayly—l say it with grief, I am obliged to say it, and in the face of parliament I say it—is one of those men whose character deepens the shame which belongs to a state of society that could suf for an attempt at his assassination. He was going in his gig to Nenagh to witness the result of an experiment for lighting the town with gas. My informant tells me, .that he remarked two men watching behind a wall, and a young country girl on the other side of the road. Upon his return from the town Mr. Bayly was driving home with his brother-in-law, when his murderers aimed at him from behind the wall. The shot entered his jaw, and forced out some of his teeth, splitting his tongue in half. His brother-in-law (Mr. Head) after the shot, heard the country girl, who had been set to watch and give the sig nal to the murderers, say loudly Well done boys ; now make off as fast as you can.' Mr. Head took his wounded brother-in-law, who exhibited a horrible spectacle, into the house of a tenant of my father ; and lie said, For God's sake go for a surgeon to Nenagh.' Nenagh was about a mile distant. I blush for the Irish people—l blush for human nature—not one single soul would go for a soldier, and his brother-in-law was obliged to leave Mr. Bayly in the torment and agony of his wounds, and him self go for a surgeon. We have heard that in Ireland there is a feeling of fear at giving assistance and protection against violehce; and, if Mr. Head had asked them to assist in pursuing the murderers, and they had refused. even this we should deeply deplore. But when the victim lay bleeding in the house,,how to reconcile such a refusal, on the part of men and Christians, with the feelings which exist in other countries, I know not, or what must be the consequeneee if such a state of things shall continue. The vengeance was lot considered complete; the victim was not dead; he WO only his tongue split and his teeth knocked out." CLERICAL INTELLIGENCE. The Rev. Dr. Wolff has been appointed honorary chap lain to Lord Carbery. The appointment of the rev. gentleman was accompanied by a most flattering commu nication from his lordship. Dr. Hinds, who has been named ror the regius profes sorship at Oxford, vacated by Dr. Hampden's promotion, is understood to have refused the bishopric of New Zea land, many years since. The appointment of Dr. Samuel Hinds to the Regius Professorship of Divinity at Oxford, adverted to in our last number, has not taken place. It is said now that the offer was - made to Dr. Hinds, and refused. ST. BEES.—The number of clergymen who have been eduCated within the walls of the college since its founda tion exceeds five hundred. The number of students at present there is ninety-eight, and accommodation has lately been provided for one hundred and twenty. The Church of St. Mary in the South Bailey, Durham, was re-opened on Sunday week for divine service, after having undergone very extensive repairs, and having been decorated both in the interior and exterior at much cost, which has chiefly been defrayed by private subscription. The history of the Church o f St. Mary is a subject full of interest. The period of its foundation is comval with the earliest parts of the Cathedral, and goes back at least t o the year 1100. Its founder was a Lord of Brancepeth, of the nameof Bulmer, from whose family its advowson passed, by marriage, to the Nevilles, of Raby, who con tinued to be its patrons till the rebellion of the last Earl of Westmorland in 1569, when it fell into the hands of the Crown, in the patronage of which it still remains. A convocation of the clergy of York was held in the Minster on Friday, but proved a stormy gathering, and was abruptly dissolved. In consequence of the death of the late Archbishop, a special writ was issued by the crown appointing the Rev. Canon Dixon president, and that gentleman accordingly took the chair. Archdeacon Thorp claimed to elect a prolocutor, but in this he was opposed. as was-also Archdeacon Wilberforce in moving an address to the Queen on the affairs of the church, em bodying the views of the late archbishop. The president said that these objects were beyond the province of the convocation. Ultimately the chairman retired, leaving the other clergy in consultation. In a few minutes he sent the chapter-clerk to inform them that the chapter house must be clired, but that the minister's library was at their disposal. Archdeacon Wilberforce respectfully declined the offer, and he and the clergy along with him then withdrew. A most interesting public meeting, in behalf of the Borneo Church mission, was held in the Hanover-square Rooms, London, on Monday, the Lord Bishop of Win chester in the chair. The Lord Bishop of Norwich, the Hon. Captain Keppell, Sir R. Inglis, the Hon. and Rev. Montague Villiers, Mr. Brooke, the Rev. F.T. M`Dougall, and others, took part in the proceedings. In the course of his speech, Mr. Brooke said that he did not apprehend that any danger was likely to occur to the members of the mission from the lawless tribes beyond the river of Sara wak. In the country itself they would find a quiet and peaceful community, with whom they might hold the most unreserved intercourse, and he might venture to predict that the most timid lady attached to the mission would in a short time enjoy a• sense of security which she could hardly experience in some parts of her own country.—A similar meeting was held at Bath on Tuesday. Mr. Breol e, who claimed to be a native of Bath, was present, as was also the Mayor of Bath, the Lord Bishop of Antigua, the Lord Bishop of Peterborough, with several of the nobility, and a numerous company of the clergy and gentry. A series of resolutions, in accordance with the objects of the meeting, were unanimously adopted. The Bishop of Antigua presided. INSTITUTIONS rod TRAINING SCHOOLMA.STERS.—A better substitute for the National School system has often been recommended to our readers, which has taken its rise at Cheltenham under the zealous efforts of the Rev. Francis Close. But we are also glad to know, that the metropolis is not to be deserted, but that the Home and Colonial School Society has attracted so strongly the ap probation of the Government Council, that a considerable grant of public money is to be placed at its disposal, in order to enlarge the Institution, and enable the Society to keep the students under instruction a much longer time than they now can afford. But as the preliminar , to this important aid, it is stipulated that the Society shall itself procure a sum of £5,000 by private subscription. The fact that this intimation should have followed the report made by Mr. Tuffnell, after a long and careful examina tion of every branch of the institution, is a striking testi mony to the excellence of its arrangements and the effi ciency of its tuition. It has been officially and publicly announced that the Marquis of Lansdowne himself visited the Institution, minutely inspected its details, and testified his unqualifidl approbation before the grant was made. It is under these circumstances the Earl of Chichester, the President of the Society, has in his own name issued. an appeal to the Christian public, the aid of which is needed in the present crisis.—Record. THE CONVOCATION.—The attendanceof theupper house of Convocation consisted of the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishops of Winchester, Chichester, Exeter, Lincoln, Oxford, Rochester, Salisbury, St. Asaph, and Worcester. In the lower house there was also an unusually numerous attendance of the Deans and Archdeacons of the various dioceses, with upwards of one hundred of the clergy ; among them were the Dean of Canterbury ; the Archdea cons of London, Middlesex, Bristol, and Maidstone; and the canons and prebends of several cathedrals. Important matters connected with the interests of the church were considered in the lower house, and the discussions are re presented as being generally of a highly interesting cha racter, and most ably conducted. It was understood— That the address sent down from the upper .house was amended in one or two not unimportant particulars. It will, we are informed, be found to imply an earnest desire that Convocation may be permitted to meet for the consi deration of the great interests of the church ; an expression of thanks to her Majesty for giving the royal consent to the measure for securing the separate existence of the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor ; and a prayer that the Episcopate may be made more proportionate to the wants of the church and the rapid growth of the population. The question of Dr. Hampden's appointment was mooted, and a proposition made' for petitioning her Majesty to delay a conge d'alire till certain passages in Dr. Hampden's works had been subjected to a careful examination by the proper authorities. As many doubted whether it properly came within the sphere of Convocation to pronounce upon it, the proposition was negatived. The address to the throne was thereupon agreed to by both houses, and will shortly be presented to her Majesty. THE ECCLESIASTICAL COMMISSION.—We are happy to observe that Mr. Horsman is not going to abandon his inquiries into the working of the ecclesiastical commission. The hon. member has given notice of his intention of bring forward the subject on Tuesday. The abuses which have been allowed to grow up in the management of the great revenues of the established church, have been, to a certain extent, exposed and redressed. But many more require to be searched out and ventilated. The able speech of Mr. Horsman, on the second reading of the Bishopric of Manchester Bill, and the valuable statistics which it contained, have made a deep impression both on parliament and the country. We have yet to learn by what process it happens that the receipts of bishops cre ated since 1835, are swelled up to an amount fax exceeding the maximum intended to be established by parliament ; and how it happens that so small a portion of their reve nues goes to the augmentation of the small livings belongL ing to the hard-working and deserving inferior clergy. It appears, for example, that the Bishop of filisbury, income Salisbury, al though appointed subsequent to the Ecclesiastical lem poralities Bill, is in the receipt of an of somewhere about £12,000 a-year, and the Bishop of Durham nearly as much. There is another subject that requires investi gation, and that is, the principle on which returns of re venue are made. In the diocese of Exeter it would ap pear that the deductions are such that, were it not for the golden stall at Durham, it would not astonish us to hear that the bishop had taken refuge.in the union of Exeter, where we suppose he has a settlement, as he unsuccess fully pleaded exemption from rates as non-resident. We think the revenue of that see has been in a gradual course of reduction, until it amounts to somewhere about £3OO a-year !—Record. [We think that our contemporary would find, on inquiry, that the income of the Bishop of Durham considerably exceeds the amount he has stated.] TRACTARIAN MOVEMENTS.—The tractgrians allege that the venerable Archbishop of Canterbury is almost in his dotage because he declines to aid them in their opposition to the elevation of Dr. Hampden, to the see of Hereford, although had his grace consented to do so, we should, doubtless, have only heard of the flourishing old age of Dr. Howley. But we expected nothing less from the sect whose members are bent upon creating a schism in the Church of England, and who would fain dissever that happy union of the Church and the state under which religion and morality have advanced with rapid strides—their ultimate object being UNION WITH ROME. We do not speak idly : we have serious foundation for what we assert, and we cite one circumstance in proof. The Tractarian members in the House of Commons are meditating on a scheme for giving their assent to the ad mission of the Jews into Parliament, on the express ground that such admission will destroy the last remain ing pretext for the controul of the State over the Chris tian Church in this country. The activity of the Trac tarian party for evil is equally energetic in another direction. They have calculated that many persons, who committed themselves against Dr. Hampden in 1836, would be ready to makecommon cause with Mr. Mozley, and his brother-in-law,Vir. Newman, against the Regius Professor; and our accounts from Oxford state, concur rently, that an intrigue of this precise nature has been on foot, but that it has failed. We particularly beg our readers to observe that, in the inflammatory articles of the Times, the wily controversial writers have avoided all allusion to Church principles so called, in the hope of catching those whom in their conclaves they delight to style " the stupid evangelicals." To stir up as wide a feeling as possible against Dr. Hampden, the Times has sated its weary readers with.garbled extracts from the writings of that'divine. It was a gratuitous labour on the part of our huge contemporary. The supposed errors in these very extracts were long since ably explained away by Dr. Hampden in "an Introduction to the second edition of the Bampton Lectures, published in 1837," which ex planation has, to our knowledge, established him in the confidence of the soundest divines of the Church. All mention of this explanation and vindication is suppressed; and we are told that Dr. Hampden has "recanted' which of course lie has not—nor, we presume, intends to do. So at least his Popish assailants say, and on this point we hold them as witnesses to be depended on.—Church and State Gazette. The late lamented Mr. Youatt, in one his orations to the members of the Veterinary College, observes—" That by the improvements in modern chemistry, the medical profession are enabled successfully to treat diseases which were previously supposed as not within the reach of me dicine." This truth has been manifested for many years, but in no instance of greater importance to mankind than by the discovery of Blair's Gout and Rheumatic Pills. Nov. 30, 1847, POLITICAL MISCELLANY. * The Lord Chancellor is progressing favourably towards convalescence. Mr. Cobden has elected to sit for West Yorkshire, and anew election will therefore have to take place for Stockport. The retirement of Mr. R. Cobden from business would seem to be correct, for the Gazette of Friday announces the dissolution of the firm with which he is connected. Mr. Villiers has declined to sit for South Lancashire, and Mr. Alexander Henry, a merchant in Manchester, has consented to come forward as the free-trade candidate. Mr. Grantley Berkeley has written to the papers to say that he is prevented by the state of his finances from em ploying counsel to defend his parliamentary qualification, but that " he will fight the battle alone and unattended." Mr. Cowan has resigned his seat for Edinburgh, as, in consequence of his being connected with a government contract at the time, his election is of doubtful legality. It is expected, however, that he will again come forward, and be returned without opposition. CURIOUS SCENE.—Mr. Moore, the member for Mayo, excited great laughter on Monday, by partly taking the Protestant instead of the Roman Catholic oath. The hon. member went on reading the oath until he came to the words " damnable" and " idolatrous," when he in stantly dropped the book with the look and gesture of hor ror, and rushed away from the table amidst the roars of the house. He subsequently took the Roman Catholic oath. On Monday a deputation, consisting of thirty-two Irish members of Parliament, with - Mr. H. Grattan, M.P., at their head, had an interview with Lord J. Russell on the subject of Irish hffairs. The noble lord, after hearing Mr. Grattan, Mr. John O'C onne ll, an d ot h er gentlemen,inti mated that Government had made arrangements for the establishment of food depots in Ireland, and that it was expected the Poor-law would answer the expectations which had been formed of it. The authorities of the Bank of England have received a letter, signed by Lord John Russell and Sir C. Wood, ex pressing the satisfaction of Government at the revival of confidence in the commercial classes through the course adopted by the Bank on their recommendation, and that, too, without the least infringement of the law; and inti mating that the purpose they had in view in the letter addressed to the Bank, on the 25th October, having been fully answered, it is unnecessary to continue that letter any longer in force. It seems that no attempt is to be made to force Baron Rothschild into Parliament, so long as the law remains in its present state. The English Parliament is to be formally dechristianised by statute. On Thursday last Lord John Russell gave notice of his intention to move, on that day fortnight, the 9th of December, " for leave to bring in a bill for the further relief of her Majesty's Jewish subjects from civil disabilities." This bill will most likely be car ried in the House of Commons ; but unless the Lords be content to be mere registrars to the will of the Commons, we presume they will reject it. WORTHY AND INDEPENDENT ELECTORS !—Mr. Wawn, M.P. for South Shields, left that borough on Thursday for London, there to commence the discharge of his duties in a new Parliament. We have already stated that the electors had pledged themselves to place their representa tive at the door of the House of Commons not one penny the poorer for his election. They have fulfilled their pledge. The cost of the contest they discharged locg ago ; and on Thursday the election committee presented the hon. member with a first-class ticket for London, and money to pay his cab-hire from the railway station to St. Stephen's ! A SINGULARLY BRIGHT LEGISLATOR.—We are glad to find that the tedium of a debate upon an Irish subject may be expected to be somewhat relieved during this pre sent session ; that amidst the horror, with which the honourable members are doomed to listen to the revolting details of Irish crime and squalidness, an occasional op portunity is to be allowed them of indulging in a hearty laugh. The " punch " of the house, or we may more properly describe him as the Irish Sibthorp, made his debut on Tuesday evening, the character being undertaken by our old friend Fergus O'Connor. We give the follow ing from his first performance :—" He considered that the present government would not long retain their places, because they were the weakest party in the honse ; and the proposed measure would not add to their strength. He was willing to give his cordial support to every mea sure which was for the good of the people; but he should oppose every measure they brought forward, because he had no faith in them. (Laughter.) He repeated that he was ready to give his support to every measure that should be propounded for the good of the country ; but, as the government were not likely to propound one of that na ture, he should give them ais decided opposition. (Con tinued laughter.) He thought that a good reason, a good notice, and good logic." Verily, a most sensible conclu sion, most lucidly stated. We should be obliged to any of our arithmetieal readers to discover for us a rule by which the value of this paulo-post-futurum sort of pro mise of support could be ascertained. THE MERCANTILE HOUSE OF A. AND S. HENRY AN" Co.—Alexander Henry, the new candidate for South : Lancashire, whose great establishments at the corner of Portland-street and York-street, Manchester ; at Leeds, Bradford, and Huddersfield, in Yorkshire; at Notting ham and at Leicester ; at Glasgow, in Scotland ; at Bel fast, in Ireland ; and whose commercial agencies are rn all the chief cities of the United States of North America; in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick ; in Montreal and Quebec, in Canada ; in the British West Indian . ; in Cuba, Mexico, and all the states of South America ; in California, the Philippine Islands, China, Batavia, the East Indies, Australia, Egypt, Turkey; on the African and European shores of the Mediterranean sea ; in Italy, Portugal, Spain, and Northern Europe ; whose commer chl name and influence circulate from Manchester through all Britain in the inland trade ; wider than the British do minions in the foreign trade—Alexander Henry, the head of this commercial house, whose mercantile operati(r. round the world, was b orn a t Loughbrickland, Uie county of Down, Ireland. He was named after an uncle settled as a merchant in Philadelphia, to whom he was sent at the age of twelve years. He came to England from Philadelphia while still a very young man, and set tled in Manchester in the year 1804. His first place of business was in Palace-street. On finding his business increase he removed to premises in Spear-street. There he took his younger brothe r S amue l i n t o partnership, and the firm became "A. and S. Henry." Subsequently ano ther partner was admitted, and the firm became " A. and S. Henry and C 0.," which it still continues .to be. In 1833, the large premises in Portland-street were built, - and the premises were removed there. The houses in Leeds, Huddersfield, Bradford, Leicester, Nottingham, Glasgow, and Belfast, are each distinct from the other and from the parent establishment in Manchester. Each has partners not connected with the ethers, Mr. Henry being the connecting and sole head over all. THE COURT. The stay of the court at Osborne House is intended to be prolonged until the 23d of next month, with one or two short int(rvals. RAILWAY AFFAIRS. The metropolis is thronged with railway labourers out of employment. By means of the electric telegraph, the Queen's speech was received in Dublin thirteen hours after delivery in London. The small shopkeepers who have been thriving on the great employment of working people on railway works, are beginning to feel most sensibly the difference between the activity and suspension of the works. _ _ A new and splendid eight-wheel engine, named the Em peror, just started on the Great Western line, recently ran for some distance at th e rate o f 76 m il es an hour, with a load of 80 tons. The Manchester and Southampton, even in these times, again declares an intention of going to parliament ; but the only portion of the original line which is to be made is that uniting Cheltenham and Andover, the remainder being supplied by lines already authorized. The sea has made an inroad on the Whitehaven and Maryport line, just by the Salt Pans, Lowca Point, where the tide sets in very strong. The hole of the pitching for several yards has been swept away, so that the greatest care is necessary lest the whole breadth of the line on that part of the railway fall a prey to the sweeping tide. FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—Mr. Edward Bedford, clerk in charge at Walsden station, on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, was acc!dentally killed, last Sa turday evening, as he stumbled in his attempt to get on to a passenger carriage, when a train was leaving his sta tion. He was thirty-six, and had been married about three months. The terms of the treaty between the South-Eastern and Brighton are, it is said, to the effect that the South-Eas tern shall give up certain claims to capital, and afford facilities for the Brighton traffic at the Bricklayers' Arms Station, and in lieu thereof the Brighton shall waive their toll upon the Croydon line, which is double that which the South-Eastern received from the Brighton over the Greenwich, and which they are also said to give up. These are rumoured to be the chief particulars of a com pact, which is quite apart from any amalgamation. RAILWAY SCRIP.—At the Central Criminal Court, London, on Thursday, on Mr. Baron Parke and Mr. Justice Coltman, taking their seats, an application was made on behalf of Horatio Nelson West, convicted at a former sessions of felony, in forging railway scrip. Mr. Baron Parke said that the majority of the judg es h a d i n t hi s cas e decided on Saturday that railway scrip was not a repre sentation or security for money, and the prisoner might, therefore, be admitted to bail, himself in £5OO, and two securities in £250 each, to take his trial for a misde meanour. The Lancaster and Preston Company have adjourned their meeting to the 13th January. The committee re ported that they were more determined than ever to get rid, if possible, of the canal company. Mr. Allen's claim as a contractor, which the canal company bound them selves to pay, they had not paid, and the committee had ascertained that the mortgagees on the lines, to the extent of X 113,000, had given notice to the.canal company, who had assumed the responsibility of that sum, ,for payment of those loans. The committee were anxious to go still further into the details of the whole case before bringing forward the subject of ejectment. RAPID EXPRESS. — The express engine with tl e morning papers of Wednesday started from London at three minutes past five a.m., and reached Beatock, N. 8., by fifteen minutes past two p.m., a distance of 339 miles, including stoppages—ten minutes at Rugby, five minutes at Warrington, seven minutes at Preston, and the same time at Carlisle. The papers were delivered in Glasgow the same night, soon after eight o'clock ; the whole dis tance travelled being 398 miles. The 339 miles was gone over in 9j hours, including all stoppages, and the distance between Beatoc.k and Glasgow (60 miles) was travelled by post-horses in 54. hours. The gentleman. in charge of the papers returned to London on Thursday night, having travelled the entire distance from London to Glasgow awl Edinburgh, and back, (upwards of 900 miles), in 40 hours —nine of which were spent in Edinburgh and Glasgow Nov. The Ro Chapel at The con have presc a costly ni J. W. 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