The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-12-24 00:00:00

FuREIGN AAD COLONIAL. The Jewish writer, Lan.broso, who resides at Turin, has just embraced the Christian religion. The cold was so intense at Turin on the night of the 6th instant that in the monling several sentinels vine found dead in t heir sentry boxes. Spain is tranquil. It is reported that Zurbano is in Madrid, watching an opportunity to put Navarez to death. THE WORSHIP OF Jr., GGERNA llT.—The necessary documents have been forwarded to India, to complete the severance of the government of India from the idolatrous worship of the natives in the Temple of Juggernaut. There are in France, says one of the journals, 3,500 ac tors, 2,900 actresses, and 16,000 individuals attached in one way or other to the theatres, making a total of 22.000 persons living upon the budget of Thalia and Melpomene, which is estimated at 30,000,0001. . RIOTS AT BERN E.—The Constitutionnel gives a letter from Berne, of the 9:h, stating, that on the preceding day, the anti-Jesuit party at Lucerne rose against the go vernment and attacked the arsenal, hut was defeated with the loss of several men. Two of the chiefs of the revolt were taken, hut two escaped to the outside of tee town; where a considerable force of volunteers from different cantons had assembled, but were unable to act. WATERSPOUT IN MEXICO.—At Yabu, during the late hurricane, a tremendous waterspout passed through the place, doing mush damage. It was about twenty feet wide. In its course it passed over two houses, driving the roofs throush, arid entirely destroying one. Five children were killed in one of the buildings. The effects were the same as if a violent river had run through the town, leaving a kind of channel. Trees, grass, and every thing that came in its way, were torn up. Mechanics and artisans were very scarce, and were receiving from four to five dollars per day.—American paper. DISGRACEFUL OUTRAGES IN CANADA.—The MOn• treat newspapers, received by the last wail-packet, record a variety of daring outrages on property, attemps at assas sination, and other crimes, committed in that town, du ring the previous six or seven days. "In one instance;" (says the Transe• ipt) a peaceable habitats and his sister, driven from their home§ by threats of violence, have been engulphed in the waters of the St. Lawrence, with the two boatmen who conducted them, and all the litde pro perty tbey were trying to preserve; in the other, a das tardly attempt has been made to assassinate a respectable citizen, by discharging a murderous weapon into his house, at a time when it was reasonable to suppose that he was surrounded by his family, who were to be made the wit nesses of the horrible crime. The other papers record nu mete us similar instances of outrage. At Coteau du Lac. on the 18th ult., (the first case referred to,) a citizen named Christen dit Suntamour, was driven from his store by the threats of the canal men at Beauharnois. He em barked with his sister, Miss Adelaide Christen, a quan tity of goods. money to the amount of £l5O, and the two ferrymen. From fear of the threats of the men, he un wisely loaded the scow too heavily. Shortly after they pushed off the boat filled, it is supposed; the two ferry men eideavoured to swim ashore, as nothing was heard of them. The young lady was heard not far from the shore, and after passing all the rapids of the Cascades was still heard. Nothing was done to assist them, who, as well as the ferrymen, all perished. The scow was found bottom up at Isle Perrot. Many of the aricles have since been found in the possession of the cavaliers. and they refused to give up anything.—ln the latter end of October a cow ardly attack was made at night en Mr. Tilton, a most inoffensive man, in Griffietown. On the same evening, two men were brutally assaulted by a gang of men, and were both confined to their bsds. On the following day it was dangerous for respectable per sons to appear abroad in Griffinstown, and a military gua►d had to be procured. The cavaliers next day atracked the military, but was de feated. A methodist chapel was destroyed by the rioters, and other Protestant churches injured. The canal men in Beauharnois hail renewed their Cork and Connaught factions, and some conflicts had taken place. It was ru moured that four to six habitants, in flying from one of the factions, got into a canoe, and were carried ever the rapids, and drowned.—At Quebec a mob of 400 to 600, bearing tar barrels, and shouting for O'Connell and re peal, paraded Champlain-street, breaking the windows of every house in which no light was visible. This d.strue tion was indiscriminate; Catholics, Protestants, Repeat ers, anti-Repealers, suffered alike ; and the windows of the Catholic Church, the Mariners' and Wesleyan Cha pels, wherein no lights could have been expected were de molished. Huge stones were hurled for this purpose of destruction ; in several instances breaking sash and panes. Great damage was done to a tavern, when the landlord, after in vain wearing the mob to desist, fired upon them twice with small ahot, and wounded two men. The police were too small to contend with tne rioters.-1 he Mon treal Register, a religious periodical, says, " This city has been the scene of a series of riots, perpetrated by the ca nailers ; churches and private buildings have been attack ed and not a pane of glass lett, and individual's lives threatened. The Methodist Chapel and the Baptist Mis sionary Church, situated in Griffintown, were attacked on Wednesday night last, and nearly deiolished. The sol diers have been since then constantly • parading the streets during the night time, and it has been founu necessary to bring in a reinforcement. There is also a troop of cavalry in town which has done good service. If the troops had not, been stationed in Griffintown last week, there would have been a number of fires. We saw on Friday, In pass ing through Griffintown, a number of houses marked " Ready," and numbered from one to fifty (at least we saw both of these numbers, though they might have ex tended higher.) These were the houses of Irish protes tants and Orangemen, and were intended to be burned." The Montreal Gazette says, in allusion to this, that many of the persons threatened with tare antislaughter, were not Orrngeroen, any more than the editors themselves, and that " it is the slang of the ruffian party which hounds these ignorant and passionate people on, to denounce every Protestant, and particularly every Irish Protestant, who exercises, against their views, the privileges due to every British subjeet. wherher Catholic or Protestant, as "an Orangeman." It is stated in the Montreal Times that two shots had been fired into the room of Captain Alleyne, e• namanding the detachment of t he 52d regiment, at Lachine, and that one of the balls grazed his face. From what we can imperfectly glean from these papers, one of the original causes of these outrages was the use made, on the eve of an election, amongst the lower orders, of argu ments relative to the constitution of King's College, To ronto. IRELAND. On Wednesday, Mr. John Carden, of Templemore, Tipperary, was fired at and kilk d. No details are given. Dr. M'llale has issued a fulminatory address against Mr. Wyse's scheme for establishing colleges in Ireland, open to all religious. The Eliza and Ann, 150 tons burden, of Cork, was wrecked on Friday week, off Ardmore Head. The crew perished. Loss OF A STEAMER.—The Vanguard, from Dublin to Cock, was wrecked last Tuesday, when near Cork barb ,ur. She ran ashore in a storm, but no lives were lost. On Thursday last, at a meeting in Dublin, Dr. Murray was threatened with a curtailment of his dues, as the pu nishment of his acceptance of the commission under the charitable bequests act. PETER DENS.—The Dublin Freeman (Popish paper) states that the works of Peter Dens " counsel to crimes which he would blush to pen, and which no modest female dare peruse." This is candid and satisfactory, and is precisely the description that every honest man must give of those abominable volumes. -- - MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT. — Ogi Satur,lay n'ght. in this city, an entire family (Mr. John Pow,,r's) wit, all hut consuo , e,l by lire, in consequence of the bed curtains having ignited whilst the family were asleep, through one of them having left the candle lighted when retiring to rest. .\n infant is dead, arid Mrs. Power is in a dangerous state. — Waterford Chronicle. On Monday evening week, as Henry Pottinger, Esq., of Moyrath Castle, Meath, was going to his cattle sheds, about eight o'clock, be was fired at. One of the slugs hit him in the temple, another went right through his hat, which, had it hit him, it must have killed him on the instant. A tree, which was in the direction from whence the shot was fired—out of which several slugs were taken the next morning —broke the effect of the shot, and thus his life was providen ially preserved. CHARITABLE BEQUESTS ACT.—The Dublin Gazelle has announced the official appointment of the commis sioners of this act. They are the protestant archbishops of Arma2h and Dublin, Dr. Crolly, Dr. Murray. Bishop Denvir, Earl of Donoughnaore. Dr. Pakenham, Dean of St. Patricks, Sir P. Bellew, A. P Blake, and Dr. Henry. Mr. O'Connell's rage may be imagined at seeing the names of three eminent prelates of the Church of Rome in the above list, who have dared to take their seats at the Board in spite of his denunciations. Dr. M' Hale, " the Lion of the Fold of Judah," is in no less a rage than his friend the Liberator. IRISH FEDERALISM.—The scheme of Mr. Grey Por ter for an entire new ststem of Federal Government for which O'Connell a few weeks back was content to suspend all agitation for a repeal of the Union, has at length turned up, and a precious piece of humbug it is. The following are the proposals :—" (1.) That the Imperial Parliament in London, shall continue to be the supreme legislative authority, under the Queen, over the whole Htberno-British empire. (2 ) That no bill of any poli tical act of Parliament to be in force in Ireland, (except only all acts which relate to the Imperial Army, Navy, and Ordnance,) shall for the future be laid before the House of Commons, or the !louse of Lords, without the previous approbation of a majority of the Irish Members or of the Irish Peers, to be called by the Speaker of the House of Commons, or by the Chairman of the House of Lords, by such notice, at such time and place, and in such manner, as shall hereafter be settled by the Imperial Parliament.'' The plan was drawn up, the author in forms us, on the grounds subjoined :—"(1.) That Ire land should, for her own sake, continue to send her members to the Imperial Parliament, in London; and, with Great Brttain, to form the base of the Hiberno- British Empire ; and should vidieate to herself a full, fair share in its great advantages. (2.) That a warm end generou s spirit should be cherished in Ireland, as tee best element of national honour, strength, and prosperity. (3.) That a strong and bona fide militia—tie proper de fence of a free c auntry—should be set on foot and kept up in Ireland." REPEAL AssociaTtoN.--The rent for th e week drop ped on Monday to £179. O ' Connell on the occasion put forth all his arts to resuscitate the smoulderi ng embers of contribution. ." The year 43. quoth he, was a great repeal year (it was once ' the repeal year'), because of the aggregation of countless thousands, &c. 1 he year '-4 was a great repeal year, because of the forbearance and fortitude the Irish people evinced under most trying cir cumstances. Let the year '45 be a great year, and let it be characterised by weekly collections ABOVE ALL THINGS." What drivelling and do:age is this? Does not every body know that everything Irish is great ?" Is not Ireland a great country ?" Are not " the Irish a peat people ?" Is not every day " a great day for Ireland ?" And is not the Irish patriot the greatest of all sturdy beg gars? What is the use of reiterating what every body knows? But, with all their intellect and learning, the Irish, it would appear, do not yet know, that as a pin a d .y makes a groat a year, so a " shilling a year is one penny a month, one farthing a week, and four weeks for nothing." And who would not give this in exchange for the prospective advantages? " Let there be hut a vigo rous collection of the repeal rent," says Mr. O'Connell— " Let every man think be owes a farthing a week to his country, and we must succeed. Let them recollect the advantages to be gained by these things—six millions of rents and taxes now draining from the country would be spent in Ireland—the gentry should reside at home—em ployment for the labourer—a higher rate of wages for the mechanic and artizan—comfort and happiness for the en tire land. Our commerce should be restored—our manu factures encouraged —our trade protected—our agricul tural interests augmented and increased—the position— the essentially favourable and happy position of our coun try made available as the entrepot for the commerce of the world—and all our resources developed and brought out." Who would not buy such advantages at a farthings week ? Not the Irish, it appears, for they will not give it. None of the leading members were present but Mr. O'Connell himself. UNIVERSITY 4- CLERICAL NEWS, OXFORD, DECEMBER 17.—1 n a congregation holden to-day, the following degrees were conferred :—Bache-• lors in Divinity.--The Rev. William Thompson, Princi pal of St. Edmund Hall; Rev. John Hill, Vice Principal of St. Edmund Hall; Rev. James Alexander Emerton, of Magdalene Hall • Rev. John Fisher, Fello w o f Mag dalene College.—.ll , lastera of Arts.—Edward Warner, Wadham, Grand Com poonder ; Rev. Charles John Smith, Christ Church ; Rev. Anthony Hart Smith, St. Edmund Hall.—Bachelors of Arts.—Clement Moody, Magia lene Hall; James Gordon, St. Mary Hall; William Grassett Clarke, Oriel C o ll ege ; R o b er t O g l e , Brasenose College ; George Scaife, Lincoln College. PREFERMENTS AND APPOINTMENTS.—Rev. J. Pros ser, M.A., to the perpetual curacy of Upton Sr. Leo nard's, Gloucester, vacant by the resi g nation of the Rev. H. Parsons.—Rev. W. W. W a l s h, 8 .A., late curate of Winterbouroe Stoke and Berwick St. James, Wilts, to the rectory of Triborough, Somerset, with the perpetual curacy of Withiell Horey annexed, diocese of Bath and Wells.—Rev. T. Dean, curate of Berrow and Little Mal vern, to the vicarage of Warren, Chester.—Rev. Preben dary Woollcombe, M.A., vicar of Kingsteinton, with the chapel of Highweek, Devon, to be a Surrogate for grant ing marriage licenses.—Rev. A. B. Hill, 8.A., to the vicarage of Morebath, Devon, void by the death of the Rev. W. B. Bere.—Rev. J. S. Townsend to the perpe tual curacy of Brushford, Devon, void by the cession of the Rev. J. W. John.—liev. D A. Browne, B A.. to be minister to the new'y-erected Church of the Holy Trinity at Salterton, in the parish of Woodbury, Devon.—Rev. T. Chamberlain; M.A., incumbent of St. Thomas's, Ox ford, to be a rural dean of the deanery of Oxford.—Rev. W. Airey. M.A., to the vicarage of Bramley.—Rev. H. Milne, M.A., to the rectory of Holm Hale, Norfolk.— Rev. G. Dowell to the donative of Werrington, Devon. —Rev. W. H. Dyott, 8.A., vicar of Austrey, Warwick shire, to be domestic chaplain to Viscount Combermere. —Rev. R. C. Trench, M.A., to the rectory of Abbotson, with the vicarage of lichen Stoke, vacant by the resigna tion of the Hon. and Rev. F. Baring.—Rev. D. Giliert, 8.A., curate of Beighton. to the curacy of Wickhamp ton, Norfolk.—Rev. G. W. Manning, perpetual curate of St. Juliot, to the curacy of Lesnewth, Cornwall.—Rev. F. G. Rawlins. M.A., to the rectory of Leaden Redin g , Essex.—Rev. R. M. Frost, 8.A., to the curacy of St. Michael, Lewes, Sussex.—Rev. J. Bradshaw, 8.A., to the Incumbency of St. George's Church, Darlaston, Staf fordshire.—Rev. A. Packe to the rectory of Caythorpe, Lincolnshire.—Rev. J. Davies, 8.A., to the lectureship of St. Phillips, Birmingham.- 7 Rev. H. G. N. Bishop, 8.A., to the vicarage of Great Clacton, with Little Hol land, Essex.—Rev. T. Atkinson to the perpetual curacy of Copmanthorpe with Upper Poppleton, Yorkshire.— Rev. F. T. Attrn to the curacy of Laslingham, York shire.—Rev. S. Creyke to the rectory of Beefo d, York shire.—Rev. H. Owen, curate of Llanllechid, Carnarvon shire, to the vicarage of Ltanynys, Denbighshire.—Rev. M. Williams, curate of Bangor, to the curacy of Llan llechid.—Rev. S. C. Poole to the perpetual curacy of Gltidwick, near Oldham.—Rev. T. S. Mills to the perpe tual curacy of Littleborough.—Rev. A. Peyton, jun., to the rectory of Lackford, Suffolk.—Rev. H. Goodwin, 8.A.,t0 the vicarage of Twyning, Gloucestershire.—it ev . H. rey, M.A., late curate of Jarrow, to the living of Trent Vale, Staffordshire.—Rev. F. Gould to the perpe tual curacy of New Hall, Burton-on-Trent.—Rev. J. Adeney to the rectory of Flowton, alit! Rev. T. Pelham, B.A. to an honorary csnonry in Nor wich cothedral.—Rev. J. Trollope, M.A.. to the rectory of Crownaarth, Gifford, Oxon —Rev. C. D'Ovlev Arpin to the perpetual curacy of Stanley, near Wakefield.—Rev. H. F. Beckett to the curacy of Dodwortb, near Barnsley, Yorkshire.—Rey. E. W. Wright to the vicarage of Great Malvern.—Rev. T. Williams, late curate or Merthyr Tydfil, to the perpetual curacy of Llatillwch, near Car marthen. The Chancellorship of the Diocese of Norwich has been conferred on Charles Evans, Esq., M.A., barrister. Dr. Henry K. Bonney, Archdeacon of Bedford, has been appointed to the Itiehtleacunry of Lincoln. Dr. Scoresby has resigned the Vicarage of the parish of Bradford. The ad% owsun of the vicarage is vested in the trustees of the late Rev. C. Simeon. The Rev. Mr. Higgin, Rector of Roscrea. an advoca'e of the National System of Education, has been appointed Dean of Limerick. EXETER.—Parechial meetings have hem held in the parishes of St. Martin, St. Paul, and at Heavitree, ad joining the city, containing a population of 3000 pers,ns, where resolutions were unanimously adopted reprobating the proposed innovations in the church service. HARROW Scnoot..—The Rev. C. T. Vaughan, rector of St. Martin's, Leicester, was elected on Wednesday to the office of Head Master of Harrow School. This gentleman was a distinguished and favourite scholar of the late Dr. Arnold. PROPAGATION OF THE GOSPEL SOCIETY.—In answer to the appeal that is now making in the country for this society, some very handsome contributions have been annourxed ; amongst otlnrs, Lady Arden, £lOO per an num; F. H. Dickinson, Esq., M.P., 30 guineas yearly; a beneficed clergyman, £5OO don. ; Mr. Long, £1000; a contribution by a family, £2000; Rev. C. J. Plumer, £500; Mrs. Mary Gee, £1000; Miss Fanshaw, £200; fifteen individuals have increased their subscriptions to, ten guineas a year, and thirty-one to five guineas. A new Metropolitan Church Building Association has been formed in London, for the purpose of supplying certain wants in the present incorporated society. The Reverends Dr. Tattersall, Hugh M'Neile, and J. H. Stewart, are the corre.ponding members for Liverpool. Hitherto scarcely anything has been done to meet the public provision made by Sir Robert Peel, who brought forward £600,000 for the endowment of new parishes, stating that the people would soon build churches in the districts so endomed. We hove the new society will be soon able liberally to meet Sir Robert's judicious proposal. POPERY V. SCRIPTURE.—In the protest against the " Charitable Btquest Act." signed by one archbishop. thirteen bishops, and above one thousand pries! s. is ti e ,. following sentence --" Instead of a concession, it is a new penal law of the old cannon, forbidding the dying sinner in his most sincere moments—the time of - his last sick.. ness—to redeem his sins by the bequest of a single acre of landed property for any reigious or charitable Furpose iu our communion." Thus speaks Popery ; new hear what St. Paul saith—" Christ bath redeemed us from the curse of the law being made a curse for us." Hear, also, what St. Peter saith—" Ye know that ye were •not rdeemal with corruptible thing -t, as silver and gold, but with the precious blood of Christ " CHURCH EXTENSION.—The second meeting of the In corporated Society for promoting the Enlargement, &c., of churche- and chapels for the season was held on Mon day last, at which the Lord Bishop of London presided. Grants were voted towards the erection of six new churches, and the enlargement of four existing churches. Four of the new churches are for districts endowed under the act of last session—at King Cross, in the parish of Halifax • Little Drayton in the parish of Market Drayt n ; Rhos-v-Cae, near Holywe!l ; and South Milfor ~ in the parish of Sherburn, Yorkshire ; the win r two new churches are for Armitage-bridge, in the parish of Hud dersfield, and North Mnor-green, in the parish of North Petherton. The churches which are to be enlarged are at Conischffe, near Darlington; Marros, near Langherne; Areley Kings, near Stourport ; and Great Wilbra am, sear Cambridge. The treasurer reported that the grants voted at this meeting had almost exhausted - the funds at the disposal of the society. The total population aided by the grants made at this meeting amounts to 183,824 genie, and the number of existing churches is 41; the ac commodation they contain is for 30,150 persons, about 5700 of which are free ; to this provision of church room 3950 sittings are to be added, of which 2600, or nearly the whole number, will be free and unappropriated. DIODZIES OF CTIRSTER. AND EXETER.—In what a state Of excitement and confu,ion are the city and di ocese o f Exeter, from the Tractarian innovations of the Bishop! But the present effect is of little comparative moment, but as surely portending, if the innovations be persevered in, extensive secessions from the church, and a vas, weakening of its legitimate influence and power. It is a tnerei ul thing that the dioceses of England in general are not in such a state es this. And if passing over the generality of them, we reach that of Chester, one of the largest. and we rather think, the most populous of the whole. and perceive not only new churches . rising in all directions, but Di , isenters in multitudes joi ning the church, not a few Dissenting ministers waiting for ad mission into her service, and one pastor with his entire congregation passing into the bosom of our cotninurn at once,—we see the legitimate effect of the true catholic spirit and labours of one Bishop ; while looking back to the other end of the kingdom, we perceive this legitimate effect, al,o, of the true Tractarian and lordly rule of another. The one is cherielneg and building up the church; rais ng it to higher honour in the eyes of all net; ; and increasing its intelligent members and effective power with prodig i ous rapidity. The other is scattering end wasting the 'whits and the flocks, first with Tr , ,cue. riun doctrine, mid now with Tractarian innovations ; he has become the " monster" promoter of Diss,ent through out the kingdom ; and is doing the work of an unhealthy dissent, and of a vigilant Popery, to the heart's content of these two distinct classes. of the enemies of our church. DR. PCSEY.—This reverend gentleman has published a letter in reference to the late proceedings instituted against Mr. Ward, in which, after stating tivA he " signed the articles it their ' literal grammatical sense.' deter mined where it is ambiguous by the faith of the whole Church before East and West were divided." He says : " The Articles I now sign in the way in which from Archbishop Laud's time they have been proposed by the Church; this test 1 should hate to receive, not from the Church, but from the University, in the sense in which it is proposed tome by them. Could I then ever so much satisfy myself that I could take the test according to any general meaning of the words, I must know from past experience that I should not take it in the sense in which it was proposed to me. I could not then take it without a feel ' 19g of dishonesty. You will imagine that I feel the responsi bility of making such a declaration, knowing. as I must, that in case, in the present excitement, the statute should pass, younger men, wh om it m i g ht i nvo l ve i n var i ous diffi culties might be influenced by my example, 1 know, too, of course, that some will he the more anxious to press the test in hopes that my refusal to take it may end in my removal from this place. Whether it would or no I know not. But, whatever be the resalt, it seems to me the straight forward course. It is best in cases of great moment that people should know the eject of what they are doing. I am ashamed to write so much about myself, but 1 cannot explain myself in few words. What is my case would, probably, be that of others. jet has often been painful to witness the apparent want of seriousness in people when things far more serious than office, or home, or even one's allotted duties in God's vineyard have been at stake. But people now feel more readily what it is to lose office and home, and the associations of the greater part of life." Without stopping to inquire where "toe faitn of the whole church" is to be found, we may ask whether if the above letter means anything, it is not this—that if the proposed statute be passed, Dr. Pusey goes to Rome. THE COURT ,t FASHIONABLE WORLD. Her Majesty and his Royal Highnes4 Prince Albert, with the infant royal family, remain at Windsor Castle, in the enjoyment of excellent health, taking their usual out-door exercise as the weather permits. The Duke and Duchess of Saxe Coburg and Gotha, and the Grand Duke Ernest, of Wirtemburgh, left Wind sor Castle on Tuesday, and embarked at Dover for Os tend. It is now positively stated that the accouchement of the Grand Duchess of Mecklenburgh Strelitz will take place at Cambridge House. LAW INTELLIGENCE, COMMON PLEAS.—ST. STEPHEN'S WALLBROOK.— Gibbs (Lord Mayor) and another v. Flight and another. This action, brought on Thursday, to recover possession of books claimed by the former as churchwardens, and kept by the latter, who have been also returned as church wardens, ended in a nominal verdict for the plaintiffs. which verdict is to be hereafter turned into a special case for the opinion of the court above. SEDUCTION.—An action was tried in the Court of Ex chequer, Dublin, on Saturday week, in which the defend ant was a Mr. B. A. Yates, a magistrate of the county of Kildare; and the plaintiff a very poor woman, named Smith. It was an action for the sedu,:tion of the plain tiff's daughter, a girl of about eighteen. It appeared that the defendant had first seen this girl when she appealed to him as a magis'rate to interfere on behalf of her mother, who was then a prisoner in Naas gaol. The jury found for the plaintiff, with £3OO damages. THE ARCHIMEDEAN SCREW.—A. very important deci sion was given in the Court of Queen's Bench, on the 10th inst., in the sittings at Nisi Prins, at Guiidhall, before Lord Denman. The plaintiff, Mr. Lowe, is a smoke-jack maker, who in 1838, took out a patent for propelling lasses, by means of a screw working under water ache stern of the vessel, and the defendants are Messrs. Penn, the celebrated steam-boat builders. The :action was brought fi r an infringement on the plaintiffs patent, by applying the screw to the steam-boat Infynt Prince. It appeared that, after the plaintiff had taken out his patent, be in 1839, made various alterations in his screw; in consequence of a series of experiments, which he mode on board of the Wizard, at which Mr. Smith, proprietor of the Archimedes was present; that the Ar chimedes was originally built with a whole screw, which occasioned a disagreeable vibration at the stern, but which was afterwards got rid of by altering the screw to an open one. For the defence it was contended that the invention was not a new one—that it did not differ in principle from Shorter's patent sculling machine, invented in 1800 ; that it was identical in principle and near in de tail with Millington's propeller patented in 1816; Brown's invention in 1825; Trevethick's in 1815, and Cracorin-row's in 1829 were also referred to. Mr. Ren nie, the engineer, gave his opinion that Lowe's. patent differed in nothing from these; in cross-examination, however, he stated that in every one of the above inven tions the vane was fl,t, excepting Cemmerow's, which was for a whole screw, and not for a section of a screw, as is Mr. Lowe's. The jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff, damages forty shillings. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. SIR HENRY POTTINGER IN LIVERPOOL. In our last we announced the arrival in this town of Sir Henry Pottinger and suite on the previous (Monday) evening. At two o'clock, on Tuesday, Sir Henry left the Adelphi, and proceeded to the Town-hall, for the purpose of receiving addresses. Prior to his arrival at the Town-hall, the members of the several associations, to the number t,f about one hun dred and fifty, walked two and two. and arm in arm, from the East India and China Association Office, Exchange buildings, through the front entrance of the Town hall, arid to the Council Chamber, where they awaited the en trance of the distinguished stranger. About ten minutes after two Sir Henry entered the chamber, accompanied by his friends from London, and was introduced to the associated boiti s by the Mayor, amid loud and enthusi astic cheers. Sir Henry stood at the bead of the council table ; and when silence had been restored, Chas. Turner, Esq.. the Chairman of the East India and China Associa tion. addressed him on presenting an address from that body expressive of " the sense felt by them of the import ant benefits which the judicious and fayoumble commer cial arrangements with the Chinese government have con ferred not only upon those immediately interested in the trade with that country, but upon the nation at large." To this Sir Henry replied in suitable terms. John Crosthwaite, Esq., Chairman of the West India Association, then presented an address to a similar pur port from the various commercial associations of Liver pool. To this Sir Henry made a suitable acknowledg ment. Mr. Turner again addressed Sir Henry, announc ing that the merchants of Liverpool had determined to request his acceptance of a testimonial of their grateful sense of his invaluable services, and that he (Mr. T.) would consult Sir Henry's wishes in reference to the pre paration of such testimonial. It having been arranged that Sir Henry should make his appearance on 'Change at a quarter to three o'clock, the rooms and area were at that time rather densely crowded with merchants and other gentlemen. Sir Henry was accompanied from the Council Chamber to the Ex. change-rooms by the members cf his party, Charles Tur ner, Esq., John Crosthwaite, Esq., Thomas Sands, Esq., and several others. His reception was very enthusimtic. He was hailed with loud cheers as he passed from bar to bar of the rooms. and repeatedly bowed his acknowledg i ments. From the Exchange-rooms he proceeded to the Underwriters' Rooms, and there his reception was enthu siastic, though the numbers present were not quite so nu merous as in the lower room. He then crossed the Ex change area, viewing Nelson's Monument as he passed, and entered the western doer of the Town-hall amid the acclamations of the populace. After visiting the large ball-room, in which the grand banquet was being laid at the time, and inspecting the beautiful suite of rooms, he took a bird's eye view of the :own from the dome. The haziness of the weather, however, was unpropitious for an extended view ; and after a brief stay at the top of the building, Sir Henry rejoined his family at the Adelphi Hotel. The grand banquet took place in the evening, in the large ball-room of the Town-hall. The Chair was occupied by the Worshipful the Mayor of Liverpool, James Lawrence, Esq. On his right we noticed the distinguished guest of the evening, Sir Henry Pottinger, G.C.8., Lord Viscount Sandon, M.P., Wilson Patten, Esq., M.P., Sir George Larpenb, Lieutenant Col. Malcolm, Major Pottinger, Major Axford, Captain Orms by, Gilbert Henderson, Esq., Recorder, Edwd. Rushton, Esq., Dr. Whitt..ker, Mohun Lal, an Indian Chief, E. Arnaud. Esq., the Collector, John Wright, Esq., Thomas Sands, Esq., J. S. Leigh, Esq., the Mayor of Wigan, , Samuel Horrocks, Esq., Joseph Hornhy, Esq., William Nicol, Esq. On his left we noticed Lord Stanley, the High Sheriff, 'William l• ntwistle, Eiq , M.P., the Rev. Rector Brooks, Colonel Falconer, Sir George Monro, George Grant, Esq , Captain Bevis, R.N., Thos. Baztey, Archibald Hunter, Esq., J. S. Heywood, Esq., Dr. Brandreth, Samuel Thompson, Esq., George Hall Law rence. Esq., Samuel St iniforth, Esq., Scott, Esq., London, Alderman Hodgson. R. Zwilvhenbart, Esq., G. E. Arbuthnot, Esq., Rev. Wm. Clemson. The number of the company present was about 400, in cluding nearly all the leading merchants, brokers, and gentlemen connected with the trade of Liverpool. After the usual loyal toasts had been drunk, The MAYOR proposed "The health of the Right Ho nourable Sir Henry Pottinger,"—(cheers)—whose saga cious, enlightened, and :successful policy, has opened a new world to British enterprise and capital. (Three times three.) Sir Henry Pottinger, in rising, was greeted with renewed applause. When silence bad been obtained, he said,—Mr. Mayor, my lords, and gentlemen, in rising to offer my most sincere thanks for the manner in which you have been pleased to drink my health, it is with no affected &ffidence that I tell you that I am incapable of explain ing how truly I appreciate your kindness. When I was graciously selected by her Majesty to fulfil the duties of envoy to China, I went out with a full determination, not of forcing an unpleasant treaty on tee Chinese after the great objects of war were accomplished by the force of her Mej , sty's arms, but rati , er to act as an umpire between the two nations. (Hear and cheers.) rhad found those attached to the mission who had cordially entered into my views, and I bad a great happiness to meet with a cor responding feeling in the high commissioner Ke-ying, than whom a more enlightened statesman I do not be lieve there is in any country in the world—a man feelingly alive to all the amenities of life. and more earticularly so to that high feeling which dictated his conduct through out this negotiation. I could, were it admissible in such a society, tell you of such instances of Ke-ying's high feeling and noble conduct, which would, I dare say, as tonish you. I trust, at some future period, it will please her Majesty's government to do him and the Chinese character generally justice, by making his despatches and letters public. It would not astonish you only, but all the world, to find such sentiments exiting in what we have been in the habit of thinking a self-secluded Chinese mandarin. One great point in the treaty I had the ho nour of concluding, was, that the trade with China should be thrown open to all other nations. This, !au must be aware, I could not have succeeded in bringing about with: out the cordial sanction and co-operation of the Chinese authorities. But the moment I explained to the high commissioner the object I had in view, and pointed out the advantages it offered, net only to China but to all other nations, he most cordially acceded to it ; and before I left he oar. ated, as the representative of England, in case of any unforseen difficulty arising, to act as a media. for between China and any other European nation. This is a strong proof of the confidence I have won, and I trust I have won it not by the succumbing in any way to any unjust demands (if such were made) of the Chinese, but by letting the Chinese see that there was only one rule for my conduct as an Englishman,—thet was true faith and good honour. I believe the treaty so concluded, to insure, as I had The pleasure of stating to-day at the meeting in the Town-hall, all the advantages that a treaty can possibly combine. It has this peculiarity, that any thing that benefits one nation with regard to it must be nefit the other. Such is my interpretation of the Chinese treaty. There are some trifling points, such, for instance, as what I believe is called, in mercantile phraseology, the bonding system, for which, I centers, I was afraid to sti pulate, because I did not like to propose anything the Chinese would object to. lam happy to say, how ever, that after I lett they net only cordially acceded to but proposed it. And I have since learned that it is in cluded in an article inserted in the treaty which I am also delighted to mention hes been concluded between the United States and China. Our treaty provides for every advantage that may be given to any other nation being enjoyed by England. At the same time the Chi nese made no objection to the proposal, and were quite ready to allow it tacitly to be in full force. There is one other point to which 1 may be permitted to allude before sitting down. It is the treatment we are to show towards the Chinese. We must remember that they have been three or tour thousand years, as we are led to understand, totally secluded within themselves ; that they do not un- derstand us ; that a mere treaty is not a sufficient [round fur their at once changing their usages. But I am quite satisfied, from what 1 saw dining my residence among them, that, if treated kindly by England and all other nations that may resort there, in due time, wi!h God's blessing, they enter as widely as any other nation into all our social feelings, and into that intercourse whine is so desirable betw;eil man and man. When I come to address this large body of merchants, in one of the greatest ports of the world—tor such is Liverpo9l—l need not ask you to impress on those who repair to that distant land in charge of your ships and merchandise, to . - - - study kindness and forbearance towards the people. It is the great, the first object we ought to have in view, that of conciliating the lower classes of the Chinese. To revert once more to my friend, Ke-sing, in one of his beautiful letters, he says, " Our people are prone to ill treat those who are dissolute and inclined to excess. Your sailors, and particularly the black sailors, (alluding to our Indian vessels.) are apt to get drunk. Pray have this put a stop to, lest they go ashore and he ill treated, and we thereby acquire a bad name.' When I tell you such is t}e feeling of one of the highest men in the empire —a blood relation to the emperor ands first-class manda rin—you will not think I am travelling out of my way to beg that, when your ships leave the shores of England, you will impress on those on board how necessary it is to be kind and conciliatory to those whom we want, by de grees, to introduce into our social system. I believe the prejudice which the Chinese entertain towards our inter- course, such as we look to between ourselves and all , other nations, proceeds not from any religious feeling. On the contrary, it proceeds from an apprehension that _. we w.ll use that intercourse for political purposes. When that feeling is once got Wirer, which will be in a few years, I trust, I have no doubt China will come forward, as she ought, as one of the first ntvions of the earth. The ex tent of trade in China is something that most per-ons. if it was stated to them, would deem incredible. Especi ally in cotton and the manufactures of cotton. the de mand will he unlimited. The only question is, how China is to ply ? This is a matter which, in so large an empire, must rest on time. But, in the meanwhile, new resour- ces will spring up, and the people will learn from our kind treatment and intercourse to have new demands. That such Ain be the result of our treaty I have not the least doubt (Cheers.) Sir Henry proposed the health of the Mayor and Corporation of Liverpool. (Loud cheers.) The CHAIRMAN returned thanks for the compliment. The MAYOR then gave '• Her Majesty's Ministers," which wee received with protracted cheering. Lord STANLEY rose to return thanks, and, after ex pressing in feeling terms his gratitude to the company, said—ln my capacity as the wnr minister of this country, ;t was my duty to supelintend, a: well as to provide for, the preparation of those great military and naval rein forcemrnis, which, largely sent at. the close of the year 184,1, contributed some cogent and rather pointed argu- meats in support of the negotiations of our friend. -It was consegthntly my lo! to watch with deep interest, un checked, however, by asingle disappointment or a single failure, the progress of tlyit - expedi;i ., m in which British and Indian troops; naval and military, vied with each other in a rivalry honourable alike to both, surmounting oblte.clea which required not military skill, nor valour, Dor science alone, but determination, but perseverarice to encounter; and it was my lot also to know, and to watch the discretion with which the right honourable gentleman near me exercised the high functions with which, eien at that period, he was entrusted. I know not, gentlemen, bow far it is generally known, that though undoubtedly at that time to the right honourable gentleman was not entrusted the superintendence of any military and naval movements, yet to him a large discretion was given by the government, which fully confided in his talent and ability, of saying at what periods those naval and military argu ments had attained to such a height as to lead to the in troduction of more polished diplomatic intercourse, to say at what time the arms of Britain should be stayed, and how soon the process of negociarion might commence. And when that period arrived, I onourab!e alike to the arms of Britain and to the humanity and forbearance with which they were wielded, her Majesty's government had but the gratifying task, step by step, of applauding and approving the discretion, the temper, the judgment, and the forbearance with which those delicate negccia lions were subsequently conducted by the right honoura ble gentleman. In that department the right honourable gentleman was more peculiarly responsible to another member of her Majesty's government; but I had the sa tisfaction, in another point of view, of being brought uni versally into connection with the right honourable gentle man. I saw his untiring labours, and his zealous assiduity in forming or founding a new colonial society—in super vising the foundation of a colony where all was new and strange—where obstacles were to be encountered from mutual prejudices, from ignorance of each other's habits, from omissions upon the one side, and upon the other from unreasonable demands and exorbitant expectations; and 1 saw the right honourable gentleman with satisfac tion, in his civil as well as in his diplomatic correspon dence, carry on " the even tenor of his way" with the one fixed intention, and that boldly conceived and boldly executed, of obtaining the greatest advantages consistently with the honour and the good faith of this country. Gen tlemen, there is one point to which the right honourable gentleman, in his address to you to-night, has peculiarly adverted, although he has modestly abstained from stating the full share which be had in it. I allude to that deci i sion to which he came—and it is due to him I should say he came to it and acted upon it upon his own responsibi lity and without instructions—not only not to demand exclusive privileges, (for that lie was prohibited from doing.) but for inserting as a stipulation in the treaty that all other nations should alike partake of the commercial advantages which had been gained by this country by the power of British arms, and by the prudence of British negociation. Gentlemen, I saw it for myself, and I know I may say it also for my right honourable friend the Earl of Aberdeen, that it was to him and to me, in our several departments, a subject of the deepest regret when Sir Henry Pottinger's earnest entreaties induced us—or ra ther, I should say, compelled us—to accede to a very strongly expressed desire of his, after so many years' ser vice in distant countries, to return to his native land, there to enjoy, in the midst of his countrymen, the well earned honours which, I am proud to see, have been be stowed upon him; and, I can use no more emphatic lan guage— _ _ _ " To raid his history in a nation's eyes." Gentlemen, if I might be - forgiven for trespassing upon you for one moment longer, it would be to express my great satisfaction at the allusion which has been made by the right honourable gentleman to-night, however little it may be needed in a society like that which I have the honour of addressing—the necessity of great cantion and great prudence in our dealings with our new allies, those who are lately brought within the pale of civilisation in the vast Chinese empire. When I speak of the pale of civilisation, I should rather say in the pale of European commerce and of intercourse ; because I believe there is no nation in the world to which, as far as civilisation goes, greater injustice has been done in the public estimation than to the great empire of China. But among those subjects which particularly struck the Chinese during the course of' our warlike operations against them, and since in our diplomatic intercourse with them, has been the strict, accurate, literal fulfilment, in the spirit as well as the letter, of every engagement which we entered into with them. We have beard the Chinese spoken of as a tricky, over-reaching people. That there are such among them—among the interior deelers—l do not for a moment sloubt ; but I do disbelieve that that is the general cha racter of the nation. I believe, so far es our later expe rience has gone, that there is no nation which more highly values public faith in others; and, up to the present mo ment, I am bound to say that there never was a govern ment or a nation which more strictly and censcientionsly adhered to the literal fulfilment of the engageroents into which it has entered. Now, gentlemen, it is not for the government, it is for you—it is for the merchants of England—it is for the great commercial body whose principal seat is in this •own—to confirm, to maintain, and to strengthen that feeling of respect for British faith. The government have done their part. The ports of China are open to you to an extent pastieg the most san guine calculations; but there are still national prejudices, there are still national jealousies, to be overcome; and it behoves those who are more immediately concerned in dealing with that great empire, not only in their dealings (for that I doubt not) to maintain that character fur scrupulous honour and integrity which has ever been the distinguishing mark of the British merchant, but not, in the eagerness for the profit of those commercial advan tages which are offered, to push beyond the limits which Chinese prejudice—if you say it is so—will yet permit.. those advantages which are now open to our commerce. The door is thrown open to you ; rely upon it, it will be opened wider still; hut it must he opened by voluntary concessions from within, and not by what will be felt to be compulsory encroachments from witheitt I believe it is easy, in the present state of public feeling, to raise jealousies, arid to foster anew animositieq which are be ginning to subside—that an over-anxiousness fur success, and an improvident pressing for advantages. m'iy le , :d to such a conclusion; but I believe, also, gentlemen, and I entertain a confident expectation of it, and I pray that such may he the result, whether under this or succeeding administrations for many a long year, that the trade wiih China which is now commencing, and in its vigorous in fancy, may. if prudently conducted, be made the founda tion, not of inordinate speculation and immense gains, followed by corresponding and ruinous losses, but be made the means of extending the blessings of civilisation, of science. of knowledge, of religion,—and along with them• all, but only by a prudent course of not shocking the prejudices of those with whom we are brought into ne T tit h , e a h n e d al a th ra o p f id . T t ig h r e ne m n e t m at b io e r r s sofforßtrhiteisehoenonmtvm"e w rc a e s . re contact, it may lay the f oun d a ti ons o f a great, a perma sponded to by Mr. Wilsen Patters and Mr. Entwisle. The " members for the borough" having been given, Lord SANDON said that he had felt it incumbent upon him to attend on the present occasion, and testify, in the name of his constituents, to the gratitude and respect which they felt for their distinguished guest, who had first brought the great empire of China within the vast circle of European civilisation and industry, and had thus proved himself to be, not merely the ambassador of this country, but of the whole world. He (Lord Sandon) could hardly limit in anticipation the great advantages hereafter to accrue to the commerce of this country from this result of Sir Henry Pottinger's labours. It was fre quently a subject of congratulation if we, by a treaty, opened up a commercial intercourse with a country hav ing three or four millions of people ; but what was such a triumph in comparison with the opening of a country containing a population of three hundred millions! We might for a time be hampered for .the want of adequate returns for the manufactures sent out by us ; but now we had only to look at the simple fact that a marget of three hundred millions of people had been opened to us. • And who could doubt that adequate returns would be found ? On the opening of the East India trade, it was prophesied that our merchants would experience difficulty in finding adequate means for the extension of British commerce ; hut had we really experienced any difficulty in finding returns ? He would appeal to the honourable baronet on his right-hanatside, who presided over the East India trade at London. At present we knew little more of China than the . outline of its coasts on the map ; but when we knew the interior, and feelings of mutual con fidenec and respect had been estahlished, it was impessi ble to conceive that so industrious a people as the Chi nese would not be able to discover something to supply our wants, or to enable us to gratify the csanis of others. Let us not, then, doubt that China could find the metres of enabling us to extend- our commerce. It had been said that this could only be done through a reduction or the duty on tea • and for his own part, if i' should b e consistent with the general benefit of the empire —a ques tion he should leave to other parties to discuss—he should not be sorry to see such a reduction take place. If this step should not be consistent with the financial inter( stn of the country, he could not doubt that China would be able to find exchangeable products for our goods. Hav ing allu led to the character of the treaty which had been formed by Sir H. Pottinger—a treaty characterised by wisdom, and taking that only which tt , e Chinese should willingly havlsgranted of their own accord—his lordship said that the intercourse which had been established by the right honourable gentleman was, like mercy, twice blessed—blessing him that gave and him that took. He then referred to the gratitude due to Sir Henry by the British people, and by mercantile communities in parti cular, and concluded by speaking of the pleasure that he felt in again meeting with his constituents, after an ab sence of some length of time. His Lordship resumed his seat amidst applause. After one or two other termite, Mr. SAMUEL Hogs, on being called upon to respond to the " Tradesmen of Liverpool," said, in the name of my fellow tradesmen I thank you for ft, and I attribute the selection of my name to respond to the toast to the circumstance of my being irrevocably connected with that large and influential class which exists by trade—which has exer&sed, and will, I doubt not, continue to exercise, such a paramount influence upon the affairs of this com l . try and through her commercial enterprise. and manu facturing skill, upon the affairs of the whole . civilised world. It must always be a source of gratification when an occasion presents itself, in which men of all ranks, and of every shade of opinion, can meet in perfect amity, y e t without the sacrifice of a single principle. It softens the asperities which sometimes unf , rtunately arise, an d b y placing the tradesman in juxtaposition with the m erc h an t. and the merchant with the peer, it strengthens cur bonds and makes us better acquainted with each other. We c‘in meet for the amelioration of human suffering —for the d prupose of raising a hospital for our seamen. We car, chief magistrate, do6 a s r, s t o j actl o u is v t s a thhe r e o d u sr d ee rot present c s f p a: an i o b nl d s e : b it coon ie d r( iachievements haved) of a honour to one whose ice! shed a lustre around his name, and whosa sagac i t y as a by his high and l P o liP f e t n y ute‘' character arY as an o n E n rl i y gl l is e t e i , n n . aenx, representing sen tin g the inter subjt.ct of the o e a y s t t l- ( 3 :f every Briton, no act will ever e tßi s : t ai s tti o wsi f iitch h r i oo s wu so rn r .a e lm re l( i t, g to n t, , ,:t a ll t t i n d tloit t h, n ,da at 7: l l tioni. be countenanced by the people in this catintry, that may in the slightest degreecomprotnise our national c h a racter. The word of Eng , aud, given by her authorised arnEassa dors, must be the bond of England, whether we uegociate Dec. 4 , 1841. a treaty with the simple Islanders of the Pacific-410 titre and dextetous court of Russia—with our reP il ro t , brethren of the western h em i sp h ere , o r with the in t ' fit ing hut mysterious millions of the Chinese ErnPi re e 'r be it from me to undervalue the noble services " tit tempests !I s easttcsd of n navy—of oc ocean—the a those n—th e gl dangerslant spirits an d cal climes, and who march undaunted to the rcu li o hostile cannon, that they may assert the supreattcot, England —may give protection and extension toou r he! coerce and make the flag of England reseeted fro,,,T t ; to shore. But we must look to p British lal i irr British mercantile integrity to maintain our natl °l e 4 , putetion, and to preserve what the sword has so gt"" l ,l,]! won ; and I trust that the treaty which has been !," ..0 .; negociated by our gallant guest, will be honeursto‘o religiously observed, so that the Chinese DAY hrli p il it will be to their interest to cultivate the friet' , l s they have been made to feel the rower of Erell I should not do justice to my own feelings it dark add, that wherever our flag wave:, we have other its" which arise out of our commercial treaties. We m u t d only conquer that we may trade, but that we mss:. t d i w set o ses b o ri r te l r° o l and bless; that we may carry with our merchand'l glories of our national institutions, and the fruits 0 , 1 t national religion. It was said by Lord Bacon.nt. the youth of a state, arms do flourish ; in its midw e r e learning ; and in its decline, mechanical arts and one chanelise. But this is o n ly t rue w h ere nat i on s 110 %N quered to subjugate and opp ress ; an d pro found Ps ' e o remark, it will not be true of En lend, if she unitev the gallantryof her Wellingtons, her Pottingers, and be` 10 kers, the learning of her B acons , h er N ew t o ns. an Lockes ; and all be blended with that commercial en te l prise and manufacturing skill,—that independenc e y yet benevolence, which conquers only to benefi e ed trades that it may civilise, protect and bless. Conv: o . as I am with the treding community, I see in such / 0 semblage as this a symbol of our national streegtb• to can define, in the crucible of our national fusion; ef li separation of any one clas s ? Wh o can po i n t out ft° link that is wanting to complete the chain helvee t l ! Queen and the poorest peasant among st h e r subJ""te 'the pyramid of society in this country stands 1 0 1 broad and a secure found a ti on , an d t h ere i s that gr' e , 6 ascent, and that substantial bl en di ng o f a ll c l a ssesel:f tt , the base to the apex, which gives to it at once its soltS f ?l it s just proportion, and its grenrleur. It ha: stnic' e f unscathed the storms of centuries ; and if the D ray n; amongst us is. who shall the mo s t b ene fit his (I t , try, it will rear its majesti c h ea d f or ages ve t to 0 Vie see at this moment a tradesman filling—aye, as with credit too,—the high office of chief megistra t e e h e this great. community. And h e eorreboret e me7 t , I say that it shall he cur duty to it celcate sub. and to promote happiness at home—to spread and benevolence abroad ; end if it ever uriferturs,', happens that England is visited with intestine commo" c ; which, rn , y God in his mercy avert, the trading port of the community, constituting as they do the mo r e / and sinews of society, and, let me add, no inconsider portion of its wealth and its m i n d, w ill be fund as r ev ll 'i to cheek any oppression from the upper classes, a ' a 0 licentiousness licenousness in the lower : an d while, sc ' o t r unshaken firmness, they will hold aloft the censor to t royalty, they will stand b e t ween contending claws , i t , it the plague of national con f us i on may b e stayed. "th 6 my desire to see my fellow-tradesmen advancing to e t march of cultivation, n ging onnards those who aresuv o ", them, and helping forwards those who are below 11 ' 1 ;1. and when we recollect the origin of a Watt and li m ' ford, it ought to be an enceuraeement to our ving'he clas es to know that the most bi illient names in , t i d record of fame, are those of men who have ben ern e in difficulties, and who have had to struggle with obb I t cies which riotbing but invincible courage and inflell'to perseverance could I ave ever overcome. It is, lbell' r e your treding classes that y ou mus t i n no sma ll deg f e look, to enable our count r y t o ma i nta i n h er 101 l t'..e commanding position ; they have to build the ve sell, and forge the machinery, which is to carry Bo 1 ti h merchandise, as well as B r iti s h t h un d er , to ev e ,, clime; they are to span our values with bridges. B o to pierce our mountains with t unne l s ; rev are t roe and motion to your myriads of looms and shuttles; l",1, - 6 are to else hone and m u sc l e t o th e v i v id creat i ons of architect and the engineer; it is they who must clot't imaeination with reality, and convert intelligence O re tangibility. Should they not, then, pursue intellige a d a= a necessary adjunct o f success ? Undoubtedly. I t 6 being jealous for the ho nour o f my or d er, I trust that 40 shall advance in all these mechanical arts which are necessary for the continued welfare of our country; g A being the link which hinds society together, we may with discretion the great power, both political and which is placed in our hands ; and while 1 rejoice that a° classes unite in an expression of gratitude to our guished guest, because all classes have benefited by 1 0 able negotiation, y ou w ill not d eem i t i nappropr i a te, reference to our beloved cou n t r y an d her magnificent eta : pire, if I ask you to join me in the fervent espiratiosa that peace and happiness, truth and justice, re ligion 81 1 piety, may he e s tablished amongst us f or a ll generatio°' (Loud cheers.) The Vice-presidents and others followed ; after whit he company separated at a late hour. --- On Wednesday morning, accompanied by . Mr. Alde r ,. man Moore, (chairman of the D oc k C omm itt ee ,) Lietd dicks, &c.. Sir Henry i n sp ec t e d th e ,Cks, and sa i % along the Mersey in one of her Majesty's ste,oners. the afternoon he enertained a select party of g,ntleeltio at dinner, princit , allv !riends he had• known abroad. - the evening, Sir Henry, his lady, family, and friends pa: tronised the performance at the Amphitheatre, attractoll)s, large number s o f our t owns p eo pl e anx i ous to see the ,11 , ; , jest of so much deserved ho , :our. Sir Henry and Party entered the theatre shortly hetere the cnruiln for the Chinese Wan and wvs received with tIeAV I I cheering from the auditory, the band playing " Hark 'tis the Indian-drum," " See the c , inquerins: Hero," &c' He appeared to be very much atnu,ed. and we have oe doubt was greatly astonished at the representation of the scenes in whtrh he has lately acted so dioinguished a F art. Thursday was d• voted to the visits and reception of private friends, and in the evening Sir Henry and his 150 attended the ball at the Wellington-rooms. On Fritts,' morning he proceeded to Manchester, and was enter' mined in the evening at a public dinner. Another tying reception preparing for him at Belfest (his wail° place), and elsewhere testimonials are being got up I ° C him. Sir Henry is a fine, portly, noble-looking man, ape stands about 5 feet 9 inches. He was horn in the vicina of Belfast, in the year 1780 ; con , equently he is novc il3 his 64th year ; he does not, however. look older then 50 He entered the army as a subaltern. and has served PA' years in India and China. When he had attained rank of lieutenant, he un d er t oo k a j ourney o f observiti ° ," throughout the vast kingdom s o f I n di a . an d i n vett!: disguises, and, after encountering unheard-of peria, succeeded in traversi those immer.se tracts of countri till then untiodden by any European foot. Honour, bravery. and prudence are the distinguished character iv tics of his mind. Sir henry's lady is a remarkably Ot le° looking woman. RAILWAY MTh LLIGEA CE. The Taff Vale Railway shareholders have resolved to enter into a contract for working the line for a period of seven years upon the principle of a per centage on the weekly receipts. CHESTER AND BIRKENHEAD RAILWAY.—The traffic of this railway has increased £lOO per week during the lac, sir mnnflia. and at the apprnattiling meeting the line will be in a position to pay a dividend at the rate of four per cent. nn the present market value of the shares. The tunnel recently formed to the river Mersey has only re cently been completed, and yet the goods traffic has in creased fully one-third over the same period of last year. JUNCTION OF THE MANCHESTER AND BIRMINGHAM AND THE MANCHESTER AND LIVERPOOL RAILWAYS.— The intended route will branch off from the present Man chester and Birmingham Railway, near the iron skew bridge in F:drfield-street ; then to pass bet Ween Granby Row (London Road) and the river Medlcck, crossing lower 'down over Oxford Road. near Oxford load Bridge, continuing by the end of Messrs. Birley's water-proofing cloth mill, by ivaythorn, through Hewitt-street, to Knott Mill, &e. The North British Railway Company have been-autho rised by the shareholders to make an application in the ensuing session of parliament for powers to form a line from the southern terminus of the Edinburgh and Dal keith Railway to the town of Harwich, and to raise an additional capital of £400,000. by the creation of 32,000 ,hares of £l2. 10s. each. The shareholders have also permitted the subscription of £25,000. for part of the stock of the projected Edinburgh and Dundee Railway. Although the meeting was not quite unanimous, the ma jority VV;t sufficiently large to carry with strong feeling the resolutions proposed on these subjects. RAILWAY BUSINESS FOR NEXT SESSION.—The new railways (or extensions, deviations, &c., of existing ones) for England alone amount to no fewer than 195; those for Scotland to 7; and those for Ireland 23—making a total of 235 - bills. The capital proposed to be raised for these railways is enormous. Two of the Oxford lines alone would cost, according even to present calculation, 4,000,000. The North Kent would cost £2,200,000; the London and York £5,000,000; the London and Chat ham, and North Kent, 1.500,000; the Leed► and West Riding Junction, £1,200,000; the direct Northern to York, £4 000,000; the Central Kentish, £1,250,000. LEEDS AND THIRSK RAILWAY.—At a meeting in Knareshorough on Thursday, Lord Harewood in the chair, it was resolved that this line of railway would be much more beneficial to the inhabitants of that town, than the Harrogate and Ripon junction.—Lord Harewood said that he never had the honour of being in the chair at so large a meeting wl ere there was more unanimity than had been shows] in the passingof the resolution. lie had opposed a former scheme for bringing a railway to Knares borough, because he thought it would not be of advantage to that town; but when he heard of the Leeds and Thirsk Railway, although it passed through seven miles of his property, he did not oppose it, because he thought it would promote the good of the districts through which it passed. He was not a shareholder in the undertaking. ;nd he would not have given it any support had he not thought it would benefit the town of Knaresbro'. NORTH UNION RAILWAY.--A special general meeting of this company was held yesterday, at the Clarendon rooms : Theodore Rathbone, Esq., presided. It was re solved—That the conditional agreement of the directors to take a perpetual lease of the Southport and Euxton Railway, upon a guarantee to the shareholders in that company of 4 per cent. on a limited outlay and one-half of the surplus profits, be adopted :—that the conditional agreement of the directors with the Bibble Navigation Company for making a branch to the River Ribble from the North Union line at Preston, at the joint expense of the two companies, be approved :—that the conditional arrangement made between the directors and the Liver pool and Manchester Railway Company for ass amalga mation of the two undertakings, on the basis of each £lOO Consolidated Stock of the North Union Company , being considered equivalent to £64 7s. 6d. of the . Liver pool and Manchester or amalgamated Stock, be appro ved. EDUCATION IN TIPPERART.—Has the spread of the current knowledge tended much to improve the moral condition and the happiness of our people, regarded as members of private families, not of the great public family? We are not afraid to give our answer—that we are con vinced it has not. In England, we suppose no one will question that the troubles of the peace, the unhappy, di s . contented, uneasy spirits, those who find home vapid and flat, compared with the exctement of the Socialist lecture, or the Chartist club, are just the class who have read and and learned a good deal more than the ordinary run of persons in their rank. And in Ireland, we speak without fear of contradiction from our own knowledge—that vast Aceldama, the county of Tipperary, is not inferior in the ethieation of its inhabitants to any part of the United Kingdom, or of Scotland. Not merely are ti;e acquisi tions of reading, writing, and arithmetic, po seated h; a far greater propOrtion of the p-pulation than could be found in any district of England, but besides, a very con siderable number of the sons of the humblest farmers are both expert mathematicians, and well-grounded Greek, Latin, and sometimes even Hebrew scholars. The coun try abounda with pedagogues, of the very lowest class, and in the direst renury, but often admirable scholars, and enthmiasts in the pursuit and love both of scientific and literary p ursu it s . A n d y e t, th e mora l sate of th a t district remains, alas ! but too fearfully the same. The Calculus and the Digamma have no tendency to prevent assassination. The schoolmasters are not only the centres of knowledge, but often the nucleus around which gather the demons of incendiarism, burglary, and murder !- -Dublin University Magazine. CORRESPONDENCE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD' " STII,—I am led to ask the aid of your spirited c ° ,' lumps, whilst I direct th e a tt en ti on o f our metc ael body to the memorial of the Liverpool postmen, whieh' t , am informed, has bee n f orwar d e d b y th e worthy eqo master here to the proper auth or i t i es , an d w h o h as , 01 ; f accustomed urbanity, hand s o me ly recommen d e d it consideration. Pending that period, it may not he e t r ii wiee to state, mo re genera ll y t h an h as vet appeare d your paper, the extreme peculiarities of their s i tua tiov i They have to rise at hdlf-past five in the morning, win'' and summer. and make three deliveries p er d ay , S a yan , included. Thus called upon, they can scarcely b e said 1, a si ; u t e r e and al have any relax.fon until seven o' c l oc k i n t h e even ing' Their pay is but 20e. per week, and out of this pittael surely merits great coa t f or b a d weather. -1"• they have to find shoes a nd c l o thi ng, an d f ew , very fen,uwt; cape,them, v eymi c h a pe n our r , t a trustw o n r o u t i i y ce l , m f d . y r they of me are,fact' s ) a nd it tg e fact worthy notice, that ut of the defalcations in tb Pestoffice department, few, scarcely ens, of the poste" A Or are prosecuted, the principal d e f au lt ers b e i ng in-e° o , clerks. Thi s i s a fi ne t ra it i n t h e c h aracter o f these Me; since pove r ty i s a sore t empter to many. O ur C us tow 4 end Corporate servants, of th e l owes t grade, have no O r o lengthened and trusty d u ti es as t h ese men , an d yet better paid. . Since the passing be parliament of Rowland Hill's cei popular act. reducing the postage of the general mal, letters to Id., whatever di s t ance th ey h ave b een con vey ~4 the epi-tol.iry correspond e n ce b e t ween mercantile ens private individuals—rich a n d poor —y oung an d o ld 7 0 been immeasurably increased,—and the duties that v deicu upon the deliverers has b e en, o f course , p ro p ort iona te o augmented, both in trouble and responsibility, whilel ef the sometime, their wages are greatly het w the aver7i, amount generally awarded to persa ns fr om w h o m are 4 , quired equal exertions and fidelity. It is obvious e l ? however small the postage on paid letters, their safe re prompt delivery is as laborious as if the h:gh rates oe ,i o t still entant; and to re ce i ve a postage on t h e unPai''bie two-pence, equal, or nearly so, on the average, in trou ri f and delay to the collecting and accounting for as 019 ,r shillings. The conduct of these men, and their demeto, ° r , to those on whom th e y h ave t o ca ll, i s no t th e l eas r eap p. ful on this account, and I therefore trust that the me b 1 rial mentioned above will be taken into the faron ll , o l consideration of those to whom it is addressed, in thei b il and Christian feeling that " the labourer is worthy of hire." " I am, Sir, your constant reader, HOMv. " Abercrombie-rquare, December 218!, 1844: DEFRAUDING TOE ODD-FELLOW'S 50D1ET7.... - 00 Saturday, Henry Seddon was found guilty, before d Recorder, of haying, by means of a false certific9te the death of his wife, when sue was not dead, ohtlbii the sum of £lO from the Odel.fellow's Society of town. He was sentenced to imprisonment and hard la b " for five calendar months. mt ° CHRISTMAS GlFTS.—There are perhaps few ow t h e which present more difficulty in the selection than d choice of that very appropriate token of affection n . O O esteem, a Christmas Gift. The Annuals at one t' v it offered a highly eligible mode of conveying the e xpres7l of our sentiments, and we were surrounded with a li° s ,eti Nowt, Gores, and Souvenirs, which have now 17, 0 p, aesy and become cxtinet. In this clifficulty, we are - r e , pity relieved by toe ctuicc o! the various and elegan t Pstl parwi• - ns for the . Toi'et invented by Messrs. Rovil'`',:foi and SONS, ,, % os il: i C ii h i ;:t b l 7 t ? , it i l i l d . : e C u i a li et to the Fairnti pr ° S p: x i a a t t e t o h ti i : h e f : i that unric , :_a4 c i a sl ; see ' f . od for itrs vi t i t e iffee a ct l ti l s u ai d ro e :, to tthiel ei t r h ce matchlessior tr i p n incomparable IlLeribli, valuable ODONTO, for the Teeth and Gums. Ua ler. RR( ; Et; l ' h g th 14bg