The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-07-02 00:00:00

itcrature. P 0 E 'l' It Y, THE RAINBOW. " Schnnes Kind der Bonne Bunter Re.genhogen."—llEßDß Bow of the clouds ! Fair daughter of the sun I Bright arc of heaven of ever-van in. hue ! Above those threatening clue s I view thy throne, And hail an image of bright hope in you I In thousand varying colours now appears The br , ken sunbeams' bright and glancing ray, Wrapped in a veil of gently tailing tears %\here those dark clouds are softening into grey. And far and wider thy noble arch's span Is stretching, till rem ter distance shroud; And on the horizon's distant verge we ,can Thy stable pillars on the driving cloud. Alas ! alas ! too short thine empire reigns— Dim, pale, and changed. thy colours swiftly fade; Of these bright pi lars nothing now remains Save o:Ie bright cloud fast mel ing into shade. But lo ! once more we hail a calmer sky : The vault of heaven assumes its azure hue, The sun shines forth in all its majesty, And the moist meads exhal_ their fragrant dew! Away ! away ! aye perish every one Fair floating visions seen in youthful dreams. Away ! away ! hut let the noontide sun Rise on my soul, and bathe me in its beams! Bright hues of hope ! all 1 'vely though ye he, Still are ye but the broken sunbeam's ray. Children of tears I to Trut I turn from ye. And hail in her tile sunlight of our days NOTICES. Remedies suggested for the Perils of the Nation. Lon don: Seeley, Burnside, and Seeley, 1841. [SECOND NOTICE.] In a former notice of this excellent work we remarked briefly upon its general plan and object ; and, in accord ance with our promise, we now propose bringing before our readers, in detail, some of the remedies which the writer purposes to apply to the evils which now press upon our social fabric. At the head of these is a RETURN TO SCRIPTURAL PRINCIPLES as the true basis of legisla tion and regulator of our conduct as citizens one towards another. "The root and parent stock"—the author maintains— "of all effectual remedies must be the exaltation of God's word to its rightful place of authority in all human affairs. From this it has been too long cast down. The most opposite and conflicting parties have agreed in this one practical falsehood. In the high places of the realm, in the houses of legislation, even a man of Mr. Wilber force's peculiar personal influence could scarcely ventureaa allusion to God's own word without danger of personal insult. On all sides ' they snuffed at it ;' and the custo mary feeling of the house was, " Who is the Lord, that we should obey him ?' " But, independent of this irreverence of feeling and con duct, a more fatal and practical result of the neglect of scriptural principles in legislation was the character of the philosophy, sanctioned by even high and reverend names, which seized fast hold of the mind of the nation. Wealth, national and individual, was the idol which that philosophy set up—wealth as contradistineuished from the morals or the happiness of the people. Capital was to be protected at all hazards—to be permitted to feed upon the vitals of our industrious population ; whilst lab air was only to be regarded as something subsidiary, by the op pression of which masses of wealth were to be drawn to gether. Our poor were told that they should be thrown back upon their own resources, deprived of the support which, under a beneficial law, had been afforded them by property ; and the monstrous proposition was even ha zarded that they had the remedy for their distress and a sure recipe for bringing about a state of prosperity, within their own reach, by abstaining from marriage ! ! The whole of the legislation of past years, with a few excep tions, such as th bill of Lord Ashley for regulating labour in the mines of Great Britain, has been tainted by this spirit of mammon ; and no principle is, at this moment, more distinctly recognized in parliament than this :—that the interests of humanity, the dictates of Christ'an cha rity, the moral and religious welfare of the people must all give way and be sacrificed when their proper obser vance and advancement interfere with the operations of capital and the gripings of the usurer. In accordance with these principles we have remodelled our poor laws and erected in the land a tyranny which threatens us, as its results, with disaffection, wide spread and deeply seated; we have refused to strike the chains from off the limbs of hundreds of thousands of children in our factories ; we have gone on, year by year, encroach ing, by inclosure bills and other devices, upon the rights of common enjoyed by our industrious agricultural popu lation ; we have, by precept and example, encouraged the system of large farms, the " laying of field to field," by which thousands of our yeomanry have been dispossessed of their holdings and driven back into the class of labour ers ; and we have congregated in our large towns toiling masses, immersed in compulsory ignorance and vice, whom a week's deprivation of employment might at any time plunge into outrage and bloodshed or drag down into the horrors of starvation. Having purged ourselves, in the first instance, of our slavish recognition of this fatal philosophy, and embraced as our guide in legislation the precepts of that code of true wisdom which enjoins upon us humanity and charity to wards our suffering brother worms rather than the indul gence of our selfish love of accumulation, the writer pro ceeds to point out as the next step in our curative process the necessity of ORGANIZATION—CHURCH EXTENSION—EDUCATION. The first of these, a better organization of our popula tion into smaller masses capable of being better handled legislatively than in its present imperfect division into un wieldy parishes, is urged as desirable, in order to forward the application of the remedial powers of church exten sion and education. By the division of the country into parishes containing, say 2,000 souls, it is contended that the wants of all could be more perfectly arrived at, and the necessity of churches and schools be more conclusively made manifest. " The minister of a parish of 2,000 or 3,000 may know something of his people individually ; but what pastor can profess, or even hope, for the least per sonal knowledge of such parishes as Shoreditch or Spital fields ?" And such personal knowledge is desirable to enable us to wield either church extension or a well regu lated system of education to real avantage. " Divide the whole kingdom into parishes of proper size—none exceeding 2,000 or 3,000 in population—and the first step is really and rightly taken. Church extension then comes in, in its just and proper place, and with its lawful and unanswerable demand. Here are so many hundred or thousand parishes, in each of which there is no church and no school.' We should know at a glance the real state of the case, and the whole cost of supplying the de ficiency. The minister who would thus grapple with the question, even if he went no further than to ascertain and exhibit the want, would deserve the gratitude of his coun try..., And more especially is this the case with respect to the efficient working of a system of government education. " No parish of a proper size—i.e., from 2.000 to 3,000 in habitants, can be considered to be properly provided until it possesses a schoolmaster for boys, a schoolmistress for girls, and a third teacher (master or mistress) for infants. These three instructors will need an annual outlay of £2OO a year. How many parishes of 2,000 or 3,000 people are there in which it is easy to raise by voluntary subscrip tions, &c., this £2OO a year? flow many are there in which even £lOO per annum could he regularly obtain ed? " In all countries, almost, except in England, such a provision, cr some provision, for the education of the people is made by the government. Prussia establishes schools, and calls upon all children to attend them. Ame rica empowers her parishes to assess themselves for the maintenance of such schools. In England we leave the matter wholly neglected, except so far as we can benefit by voluntary efforts. But the quality, equally with the quantity, of the edu cation which we thus dole forth to our population is mi serably deficient. Of one of our chief manufacturing towns, an eminent government inspector (the Hon. and Rev. B. W. Noel) reports, that, in the first classes of the schools he visited, he received such answers as these : " Q. Who was the eldest son of Adam ?—A. Abraham. "Q. What is a Levite 7—A. Gethsemane. • "Q. Who wrote the Bible 7—A.—Moses. "Q. Who were the Pharisees ?—A. Publicans. " Q. What was the chief city of the Romans 7—A. Jerusalem. " Q. What is Liverpool?—A. An island. "Q. What city did Jesus live in 7—A. Egypt. Q. What country was Nazareth in 7—A. Bethlehem. Q. Of what religion was Paul before he was a Christian T—A. Roman Catholic. " Q. What other countries are there in Europe besides England? A. America, Asia." Nor is this a singular case, but one which is equally com mon in the agricultural districts, where the opportunities afforded for education are greater, and the time devoted to it more continuous. And in addition to this, where education bas been administered upon a system leading to more decided results, so far as the acquisition of merely secular knowledge goes, its effects have been rather to produce disaffection and crime than good moral conduct and social improvement. Thus our author reminds us that— • - - • " The progress of crime in these kingdoms during the last twenty years, has been appalling. The committals in England in 1820, were 13,710, in 1838 they were 23,024. In Scotland they were, in 1820, 1486; in 1838, 3418. And during all these years the greatest efforts were making to increase the means of education, and of in tellectual improvement, for the working classes. Besides the na.. tional schools, of whose imperfections we .have already spoken, "useful effort s have been made by the advocates of what is called knowledge," to give to the poor a "non-sectarian education." -p".;Cxrrience has now proved that the mere education of the ad no !_ k s:es, without any care of their religious principles, has ralizing .ea r ib e le effect in counteracting the influence of these demo or preventing, by the extension of know ledge and mental resources, is demonstrated as clearly the growth of human depravity. This th sras that two and two make four: happy if it could be safely said influence of such merely scientific education has only been negative , the .and that it has not positively added to the sum total of gg e a r t e, wickedness." From all these considerations, it i: o crtended that " we mu st claim to have our parishes divided that neither th e boys', the girls', or the infants' school, which are requisite in each, shall contain more than one hundred scholars. Then, and only then, may we hope to ha ve each child kno wn, and followed, and r ecognised, and cared for; and their hearts engaged, and s ome of their souls saved, and most of their characters permanently ameliorated." Here for the present we must pause, first giving the general conclusions of the able writer upon the subject under consideration : " That, for the safety and well being of the whole community, it is absolutely necessary that its paroch al organization be frequently reviewed ; and placed from time to time, in a correct and efficient condition : " That if, by such reorganization, districts are brought to light bich are destitute of the means of instruction, mental, moral, or religious, — it is the ditty of the legislature and executive to take measures r the supply of such decadency : "That a mere learning to read is not edueation ; but is only Con ferring a power more likely to be used for evil purposes than for good: •• That a bare passage through certain Scripture lessons, or through the Church Catechism, is not a religious education; nor can such teachin, be expected to exert any beneficial influence on the bulk of the children submitted to it •` That it StiOilld be the ende.wour of the government, by calling in the counsel of the best teachers of youth that the kingdom can furnish, to de% ise some system, thoroughly Christian, by which the children of the poor may he efficiently educated, in the true sense of the word; and thus fitted t i I), come useful members of society. " And, lastly, that such a system, when devised, should be made, as soon and as extensively as possible, an institution of the state; in such sort, as that all parishes, willing to avail themselves of it, might do so, by a vote of public vestry, with all the efficiency de • rived from an authorized local assessment." Blacktrood's Magazine for July. We have not yet h id leisure to peruse the whole of the present number, but may venture, from what we have read of it, to pronounce it to be one of the best that has yet appeared, whether as regards articles of national im. port and sound political disqu 7 sition, or the variety ani talent of the literary productions interswn - sed throughout its pages. In the first article, on " The Causes of the Increase of Crime," the writer gives on data that scarcely admit of a quesVon, a comprehensive view of the greater demoralization of our manufacturing and mining po pulation as compared with the working classes in the rural districts, and points out whit he conceives would be found remedial. " The Memorandums of a Month's Tour in Sicily" are written in a clever sketching style, and convey interesting pictures of that island, its scenery, principal towns, (especially Palermo and Messina,) the manners of the inhabitants, &c. " The Last of the Knights" is a pleasing cornhiriation of history and ro mance. " Sketch in New York, or My First Love" is a tale illustrative of female character in that city. The Tradi tions of Upper Lusatia" are continued with unahating interest, and contain some curious legends of the King dom of Elves. There is an able and highly interesting paper entitled " Portugal." being a review of Memoirs of the Marquis of Pombal, by J. Smith, Esq.," an intel ligent historical work, in which the character of that cele brated minister who immortalized himself by the expul sion of the Jesuits, is placed in its true light. The account of the plot against the life of the king, Don Joseph, and the execution of the titled ringleaders, will be read with painful interest. " Marston, or the Memoirs of a States man" is continued with undiminished vigour and mass of incident. "The Week of an Emperor" describes the re cent movements of the great autocrat of all the Russians, when he visited the court of Victoria. The number also contains some good poetics! pieces. including a series of translations of the most select " Poems and Ballads of Goethe." We shall give some extracts in our next pub lication. The Bowler's Pocket Companion. James and Wood burn, South Gistle-street, Liverpool. This is a handsome little book, containing " Rules for the Game of Bowls," by our townsman Mr. James Mar shall. The writer truly says in his introduction, "it has been admitted in all ages, that, for the preservation of health, man requires recreation. lo those, then, who are closely confined or engaged in sedentary employments, the noble and manly game of bowls claims pre-eminence over all amusements, having been justly ranked, by gen tlemen high in professional reputation, superior to every other—bringing into action the physical powers of the players, without the distressing effects produced by more energetic games." After some remarks on the necessity of abiding by rules, in order fully to enjoy this animating and scientific diversion, he proceeds to explain all the technical terms employed, and under thirty-two distinct heads furnishes a complete manual of the laws as adhered to by the best players. We are not ourselves versed or practised in the game, though we can enjoy as much as any one, on a summer evening, a view of the green when enlivened by anxious and (always) good-humoured play ers; but we have shown the neat production to several crack bowlers, and they concur in pronouncing it to be an accurate and concise digest of the law -,—so simple, too, that they may be readily comprehended and acted upon for all practical puroses, to the avoidance of the slightest dispute. No young bowler, or keeper of a green, should be without this neat little book, which may be kept even in a corner of the pocket, and the price of which is a comparative trifle. Knight's Weekly Volume for all Readers. London : Charles Knight and Co. We have perused with great pleasure—and we may add no little profit—the first volume of this new library of cheap entertaining and instructive literature, and have no hesitation in stating that if those that succeed it be got up with equal care and talent, the work will become highly and deservedly popular. It is a small, but thick, and well-printed duodecimo, illustrated with wood-cuts, and containing no fewer than 240 pages of well digested mat ter—all for the small price of one shilling ! This volume is entirely occupied by a Biography, written by Mr. C. Knight, of William Caxton, a translator of many curious and esteemed works of foreign authors, and finally the Father of the Art of Printing in England—the first book printed in the English language having been his own translation of the " Histories of Troy," of which be was also the typographist, after attaining the invaluable science on the continent, at the request of his patroness Mar garet, the " dreadful" Ducbess of Burgundy. The vo lume opens with a prefatory article from the Penny Ma gazine of May last. on the advantages of cheap literature and lending libraries, in which the writer, after noticing the several weekly and other miscellanies of the day—the Family Library, the Library of Entertaining Know ledge, the Penny Cyclopcedia, &c., &c., remarks :—" We have as many modern reprints of standard works, as we could desire; but they are mostly close-printed pamphlets, which are easily destroyed ; their form unfits them for circulation from hand to hand. There is a general desire to form libraries for all readers—not only libraries of reference, but extensive libraries of circulation. In every case there is a difficulty in the choice of fitting books, whether we regard the subject matter, or the form and price. It is hoped that the difficulty may be obviated by the publication of Knight's Weekly Volume,"—and so we trust it will. The publishers propose "to place within;. the reach of all readers a series of books which shall com prehend that range of literature which well educated persons desire to have at their command," and to offer " the recreation of genial and amusing reading in connec tion with what is solid and serious." For this purpose they will avail themselves of many valuable copyrights in their possession, make "judicious compilations of translations from foreign works, and of original produc tions by authors of ability ;" and as they are also offered the assistance of writers of established reputation, they will have no want of materials to conduct the under taking steadily and extensively. Each volume," they add, " will be essentially a book—not a tract—a book for the pocket and the library : many of the volumes will be complete in themselves, and some subjects will extend to two or more volumes. They subjoin a few useful rules for the regulation of book clubs for all readers. Mr- Knight has accomplished his task in a manner that evinces his perfect ability to write or compile for, as well as to edit such a work. The " Biography" is exceed ingly interesting, and curious,—supplying the most promi nent passages in the life of Caxton, from his birth in the Weald of Kent to the time of his death—his being a mer cer's apprentice; afterwards a mercer; his sojourn at the court of Burgundy, Cologne, &c. ; his acquirement of the trade ; and his press at Westminster. and his " work': in printing to the end. The concluding chap , ter, entitled " The Chapel," is a supposed conversation between Wynkyn de Worde, the successor of Caxton in the printing office, and his " companions," in which the advancement of the art is predicted, and is well and hu monrously conceived. There is a " Postscript" showing the progress of the press in England from Caxton's first work, in 1471, to the year 1843. The titles of the works printed by the father of English printing—in all s'xty four in number—are here given—together with a variety of other information. We give a few extracts elsewhere. The Library of Travel. Chapman and Hall ; Strand, London. The third part of this well-edited and " popular de scription of foreign countries " is just received ; and from what we have yet been enabled to peruse of it, we may safely state that it continues to increase in interest, and, we may add, in the solidity and importance of the in formation it contains. The present number is a further continuation of " Syria and the Holy Land," including vivid descriptions of Damascus, its scenery, buildings, customs and manners of the inhabitants, &c. ; also, of Palmyra, Baalbec, the route from Latakiah to Antackiab, &c., the whole interspersed with the most lively personal adventure and anecdote, together with graphic delineations of scenery and sights. The woodcut illustrations are also numerous throughout, and well executed. Many of them are splendid views of the most picturesque scenery in these interesting countries. We shall give some extracts in our next publication. How to dance the Polka, 8,-c. London : Hugh Cun- ningham, Strand. We have received a small, elegantly-got-up, little work, entitled " How to dance the Polka, and all the Quadrilles, German Waltzes, Highland Reels, &c., &c. ' Der Polka,' after the method of M. Coulon ; the music by M. M. Jullien," &c. It appears to us to be a complete mullum in parvo, explaining with brevity and precision the steps and figures of these most fashionable dances of the day, so that the reader who has but a slight previous knowledge of the art may, by adopting the method en joined for self-tuition, readily become adept in their se veral graceful movements. We have, first, the origin and history of the Hungarian " Polka," with rules how to accomplish it; next, instructions for each figure in the quadrilles—the " Lancers," " Caledonians," " Galo pade," " Renaiseance," and " Finales ;" << Prince Al bert's favourite Contre Danse," the " Waltz," the " Scotch Reel," and the " Cosaque Polonaise," with the terms peculiar to the Polka, quadrilles, waltzes, &c. Some agreeable anecdotes of the extraordinary effect of the Polka on the public mind, on the Continent, and latterly in England, are also given ; and the book, though in good large type, is so neat and portable that it may be carried in a card case, or in the waistcoat pocket. --•--- SELECTIONS. Two FLAILS AND A CUCKOO.—An old farmerin Hampshire, who was very rich, and whose silly neigh bours were persuading him to have his daughter taught music, said, "Na ! talk music indeed ; gi' me two flails and a cuckoo." I dare say that this saying was as old as the English language. The two flails make a very pretty sound at all times. The voice of the harbinger of summer is also delightful ; but here was the idea of wealth most aptly associated with that of pleasant sounds. The cuckoo never comes until old May-day ; and two flails going in the same barn at that time indicate that there is a good store of grain in the barn at that distance from the pre ceding harvest, and that therefore the farmer is rich. — William THE LIVERPOOL STANIMRD. BRONZE.—Tiie Chinese bronze copper in a very supe rior rha,ner. This is the mode of the ancients, for urns and other litt!e vases and ornamented goods :—Afte hay ihg rubbed the article with the ashes of COd and v near in such a manticr that the copper is very shining, they dry it in the sun, then they cover it entirely with the lollow ing composition :—two mace of verdigris; two mace of ihineral cinnabar; two mace of sat ammoniac; two mace of the beak and liver. of duck ; five mace of alum, well pounded, well mixe I, and moistened sufficie,tly to make a plate, which may be spread. (The mace is the tenth port of a Chinese ounce.) WhPti the article is thus pre pared, it is passed through the fire, and washed when it is con 1. It is covered a second time with this composition : it is then passed through the fire, and it is washed thus ten times. Tue small pieces thus bronzed are of great beauty, and lose nothing by b r i ng ex p ose d to open air and rain.—Capt. Pithiing's Chinese " Olio." USES OF EARLY PKINTING.—One of the most im- portant uses of early printing in Eneland is to be found in fra , 4ments of the Statutes of the Realm, made in the first parliament of Richard 111., and in the first, second, and third parliaments of Hen r y VII., some leaves of which exist. That the promulgation of the laws Rould soon folluw the introduction of the art of printing was a natural consequence. Early in the next century the publi cation of acts of parliament became an important branch of trade; and a king's printer was formally appointed. Up to our own time all the cheap ning processes of the art of printing had been withheld, at least in their results, from that branch of printing which was to instruct the people in their new laws. The statutes were the dearest of books, and kept dear for no other purpose but to preserve one relic of the monopolies of the days of the Stuarts. The abuse has been partially remedied.— Biography of William Caxton. LOVER'S QUARRELS.—Most unhappy in mind to-day; temper sorely tried, and feelings of resentment at what did appear unkind conduct in another, were too visibly ex pressed in manner and countenance, though I did refrain from words. Slept last night in very weariness of weep ing ; and awakened this morning with a feeling of hope lessness ; and ill at ease myselfe, methought every thing around seemed melancholly ; truth and affection doubted, slytrtcomings hardly judged off; this is an unlook'd for trial!. The sun shon brightly through the window, but it seemed not to shine for me : I took my Bible to read therein my usuall portion ; and kneeled down to pray, but could not weep : thoughts of my mother's tender love arose, and the trust on either side that had been unbroken between us. Remembering an outward composure must be attain'd unto, before I could go down to breakfast, wash'd my eyes, and let the fresh sire blow upon my face; felt I was a poor dissembler, having had heretofore but little trouble of heart to conceal : mett my husband in the corridor with Lord Brooke, and well nigh lost my selfe command when he gave me a kindly pre-sure of my hand as be led me down stairs.—Diary of Lady Willoughby. THE LEAGUE.—" Why is not the League, and why will it not be, more influential than it is ?" For this rea son—that it does not, it cannot, identify itself with the working classes. It professes, it lungs to do this; but it fails. It holds out objects that are far from the scope of the peasant's wishes. It suggests to him means which his reason does not understand, nor his sympathies em brace. Its philosophy is cold, selfish, arrogant. It dis claims all protection for all classes; it repudiates all State interference on behalf of the oppressed ; it comforts the poor and the aged with "laissez-faire" and union houses. It has but one nostrum ; and that nostrum it is ever prescribing in the frigid language of political eco nomy. It forgets the character, the habits, the past asso ciations, as it blinds itself to the present condition, of the peasant. It forgets that the malady under which he la bours has been caused by the very medicine which it re commends—political change ; that the object of his sym pathy has already passed from a good to a bad state ; that the memory of the former clings to him, and hatred of, the latter haunts him. What to the English rustic are import duties of every kind ? What cares he for differen tial, ad valorem, or sliding duties ? He only wants to be well paid and well fed for his daily work ; and he will eat the bread of toil with content and cheerfulness. He only asks to be put in the same position as be was more than ten years ago • he does not care for free trade either in the abstract or detail; it is a matter of indifference to him whether corn pay a tax to the landlord or the Treasurer, so long as his wages are sufficient for his support. He has no predisposition to revile authorities, or to speak evil of dignities; his sympathies are rather with hereditary power and transmitted rank ; and it is only when others forget the duties of station and the responsibilities of wealth, that he forgets his reverence and submission. CHUSAN.—This island is still retained in the hands of the English, until the Chinese pay the ransom money; it is about twenty miles in length and ten or twelve in breadth, at the broadest part. In approaching it, the view of the numerous islands, which stud the sea in all directions, is striking and beautiful—here a noble moun tain towering above its fellows, there a fertile valley slop. ing gradually to the ocean, and forming a fine situation for cultivated fields. This part of the empire is much more interesting to the naturalist and lover of the beauties of nature, than those parts of the coast formerly described. The land, although mountainous, is much more fertile, and better clothed with trees, although they are but small when compared with what we are accustomed to see in England; there are also many beautiful flowering shrubs on the hill sides, such, for example, as the azalea, which we prize so much at home, and which here covers many of the hills, and when in flower early in the year has a gay and imposing appearance. In Chusan, the camphor and tallow trees abound in the valleys, and whole forests of different varieties of bamboo give a kind of tropical cha racter to the general scenery. Ido not know anything more beautiful than the yellow bamboo, with its clean straight stems and graceful tops, and branches waving in the breeze ; it always reminds me of the young birch fo rests at home. The tea-plant is also cultivated, in small patches, everywhere on the hill-sides; but I believe little or none is manufactured for exportation, but only for the wants of the inhabitants of the island. The poor people, or small farmers, generally dry the leaves in the sun, for their own use ; and I recollect once, when in the cottage of a native, seeing the good lady of the house go out into the garden, and gather the leaves of the plants, from which tea was made for me ; this is certainly the most simple modeof preparing the beverage.—Letter in the At henipum. THE LATE THOMAS CAMPBELL.—With the sole ex ception of Rogers—who still lives and flourishes at a most patriarchal age—Campbell was the only remaining disciple of the polished but artificial school of Pope. 'J he first work by which he made himself conspicuous in literature was the " Pleasures of Hope"—a poem which was written, we believe, before he had completed his twenty. second year, and which still maintains its place among our Eng lish classics. This brilliant production was followed by " Gertrude of Wyoming"—a more chaste and elegant, but scarcely so animated a composition as its predecessor —" Theodric," the " Pilgrim of Glencoe," and those im mortal lyrics " Hohenlindeo," " Lochiel's Warning." " Ye Mariners of England," the " Exile of Erin," and the " Battle of the Baltic," which have rende-ed his fittie as enduring as the language in which they were written. But Mr. Campbell was not only a poet, he was a prose writer also of considerable merit, and published .ucces- ' sively lives of Mrs. Siddons and Petratch, together with " Letters from Algiers," which abound in descriptiods of exquisite beauty. Fora long series of years he etl;te.l the " New Monthly Magazine," to which he contributed many little poetical gems of the purest water ; and on his seces sion from this periodical, started the " Mecr opoliatt," of which, however, he soon wearied. From an early period of his public career he enjoyed a pension of £3OO a year ; was one of the founders of the London University and in the year 1835 had the high honour of being elected Lord Rector of the University of Glasgow. It politics lie was of the liberal school ; took a warm interest in the affairs of Poland ; and was on habits of familiar acquaintance with all the most illustrious spirits of his countr . As a poet he would have achieved the highest possible rank— for his genius was of the first order—had he had more faith in his own impulses, and obeyed with more boldnes, the promptings of his fervid imagination. But he was fastidious to a degree in his poetical tastes; and would, at any time, sacrifice a fine thought to a correct line. His " Gertrude of Wyoming" possesses all the fine polish of Parian marble; and the description of the death of the heroine, and her last address to her agonized husband, is, of its kind, the tenderest and most touching episode to I e found in the wide range of modern English poetry. Mr. Campbell was born in Scotland, and received his educa tion in Edinburgh. FREE TRADE INEXPEDIENT EVEN IF PRACTICABLE. —Such a system as the free-traders advocate, if practica ble, would be to the last degree inexpedient. What would be its result? Why, that one country would become wholly, or in great part, agricultural, and the other wholly, or in great part, manufacturing. Is this a result desirable to either? Admitting that a city or small state, which has no territory which can furnish any considerable proportion of the subsistence which it requires, like Hol land, may do well to attend exclusively to manufactures and commerce; or a country which, by the rigour of na ture, or the remoteness of its situation, cannot attain to commercial or manufacturing greatne ss , wou ld d o we ll t o attend exclusively to the cultivation of the productions of the earth ; the question her e occurs —l s suc h a sys t em advisable or expedient for a nation which has received from the bounty of Nat ure th e means o f r i s i ng t o great nessin both—such as Great Britain, Russia, or Prussia? The free-traders would have England sacrifice its agri culture to its manufactures, and Russia sacrifice its ma nufactures to its agriculture. Would such a system be nefit either? Would England be happier or richer, more stable or more moral, if the already colossal amount of its manufactures were trebled ? or Russia, if its rising iron and woollen fabrics were destroyed, and its industry con fined exclusively to the slow returns of agricultural la bour ? Is it desirable that the zone of tall chimneys, sickly faces, brick houses, and crowded jails, which at present span across the whole of England and part of Scotland, should be doubled and trebled in breadth ; and the fertile fields of Kent, Norfolk, and East-Lothian be reduced to vast uninclosed pastures, such as overspread Italy in the latter stages of the Roman empire? Or is it desirable to Russia and Prussia that they should be for ever chained to the labour of boors, serfs, and shepherds, and all the vivifying and important effects of commercial wealth be denied to their exertions? Nature has design. ed experience re c o mm e n d s , a very different system. History tells us in all parts of the world, that it is in the intermixture of commerce and agriculture that the best security is to be found for social happiness and advance ment, and the most effectual antidote provided to the evils to which either, when existing alone, is so prone. Mr. M'Culloch has told us, that the commerce and ma nufactures of Great B r it a i n h a ve now risen to such a pro digious height, th a t any f ur th er ex t ens i on o f them is un desirable, and th a t no rea l p a t r i o t would hale desired them to have become so extensive as they already are. Is it expedient, in such a state of matters, to go on in creasing the same splendid but perilous system, and to do so at the expense of the great pillar of national wealth, security, and independence—the land of the state ? From Mr. Alison's Pamphlet on Free Trade and Prc-. tection. SECOND EDITION Standard office, Half-past 7 en o'clo -- HOUSE OF COMMONS.—Last Night. BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE. . Sir R. PEEL, on moving that the orders of the day be read, said he would take that opportunity of inform ing the house what business it was the intention of her Majesty's servants to proceed with during the present session (hear.) And he was sorry to say that the great mass of public business in arrear would prevent many bills from being proceeded with during the present ses sion (hear). The government, however, intended to pro ceed with the Poor-law Bill, the Metropolitan Im provements Bill, the Bill for regulating joint-stock banks, and some others. He had already announced that it was not intended to proceed with the Registration of Electors (Ireland) Bill beyond the second read ing during the present session. With respect to the Municipal Corporations (Ireland), which extended to that country the enactments of the English bill, he was afraid it would be impracticable to pass it during the present session. With respect to the Railway Bill, that was a m , st important measure, but one which he hoped would not meet with much opposition, and therefore that would be proceeded with. It was necessary for the gui dance of railway companies that the intention of parlia ment on the subject should be fully made known. The Savings Banks Bill would be proceeded with. He could not state what his intentions were with regard to the County Courts Bill until that day week. Toe Ecclesias tical Courts EMI would not be proceeded with this session (hear). There were certain other bills which he hoped to proceed with, but could not at present mention a defi nite time. There was one bill not before the house rela ting to controverted elections petitions, which would be introduced in a few days, and which he hoped would pass this session. In answer to a question by Mr. MACAULEY, Sir J. GRAHAM said, it was intended to proceed with the Law of Settlement Bill. In reply to Mr. FERRAND, _ _ Sir R. PEEL said, the Pooi-law Bill would be proceeded with on Thursday or Friday next, and the Railway Bill would take precedence on Monday. REPEAL ASSOCIATION.—The repealers met yesterday, as usual, in the Conciliation-hall, Valentine Maker, Esq., M.P.. in the chair. The receipt of several large sums of money having been announced, Mr. O'Neill Daunt stated, as a proof of Mr. O'Connell's undiminished influ enc.t, that he had been nominated Lord Mayor elect on that day by the Corporation of Dublin. Mr. O'Connell had declined the offer, but the moral effect was the same, arid the fact showed the futility of the measures taken by government to extinguish his influence. A letter was read from Mr. Luke Shea, a justice of the peace for the county of Cork, enclosing a subscription of £3 to the funds of the association, and requesting to be proposed a member. Several other new members were proposed and admitted. It is expected that the rent for the week will considerably exceed £2,000. THIRD EDITION. Standard-office, One o'clock. FATAL BOILER EXPLOSION AT BOLTON, YESTERDAY. In the last column of our present publication will be found some notice of the bursting of a boiler at the linen manufactory of Mr. John Brooks, in Bolton, by which several lives were ascertained to be lost, and a greater number of persons supposed to have immediately perished, besides many seriously and some fatally injured. It is a relief to state that, lamentable as the event has been, it has not proved destructive to human life to the extent at first apprehended. We have seen a gentleman just arrived from Bolton,who witnessed the scene shortly after the explosion, and has furnished us with the following particulars ' wbich, though necessarily imperfect, may, in the main, be relied upon. The factory, and extensive premises attached, are si tuated close to St. George's Church; and from 400 to 500, young and old, were employed within. Two engines were at work, one (as before noticed,) stated to be of 50- horse power, and the other of about 60. The boilers of one of them burst about eleven o'clock yesterday fore noon, owing, it is said, to the carelessness of the tenter, and an explosion of the other soon followed, though this is not certain. These were each in an extensive well built out-house, on the north. west side of the factory, and the destructive effects were instant there and on the con tiguous part of the main building. The engine• house was demolished ; the windows of tste factory in that direction blown in; its interior frame work was much shot. tered, and largo masses of building material scattered far and wide. The boiler of the larger engine was lifted into the air, and lighted in the street about fifty yards from its original position. Several of the work people were found dead in the ruins, but the precise num ber otir informant could not ascertain : in the hurry of the moment, there being various outlets by which they might be removed. A large and very heavy balk of timber, that had been fixed over the engine was blown clear over some adjacent buildings, (which it would otherwise have crushed in,) and lighted in a back passage or area, sixty or eighty yards from where it had been fixed, and in a direction from the factory. The materials of the ruins were chiefly hurled into a street called Back-street, about fifty yards from the point of explosion. The gl iss in the windows of the house on the opposite side was nearly all blown in by the shock. One woman who was picked out of the ruins, and who had one of her hands crushed or blown off, and was otherwise much hurt, died this morn ing about three o'clock ; and our ihformaht saw about twelve other persons carried or led away, greatly injured or shaken, and some of whom appeared to have little chance of recovery. One lad was covered up in the ruins up stairs, and when a spade used in clearing away acci dentally touched his head, the little fellow cried out, " Oh, mother, mother!" and, on getting out, shook hin.self, and added, " I'm worth two dead folks yet!" It will he a long time before work can be rasumed in in the mill, as the machinery and buildings will have to undergo extensive repairs, in addition to the renewal of the boilers. One of the large chimneys is also much shattered that it must be pulled down and rebuilt. THE BIBLE ON MAN'S EARTHLY CONDITION.—We aver, that in God's Word, and that throughout its pages, not in a few places, but in many—not dubiously, but with the greatest clearness—there are given doctrines, and re proofs, and instructions in righteousness, for legislators, for statesmen, and for num of wealth and influence; and that the general tenour of these is directly opposed to what a set of philosophers, falsely so-called, of our own times, have conspired to dignify with the name of political economy. And accordingly, and very naturally, as the Bible and they are at variance, they agree to lay the Bible on the shelf, and to assert that, however necessary and supreme in its own department—the concerns of God and the soul—yet in sublunary matters, the ft nagemertt of n ations, &c., it is either wholly silent, or, ads without any divine authority, or any claim to our respect. Thus it is that one of the best men and ablest divines in all Scotland can write a treatise on political economy, in which scarcely a single reference is found, from the first line to the last, to the only infallible source of instruc tion—the word of God. But if by really great divines, and eminent teachers of religion, the Bible is thus thrust out of sight, who shall wonder, that the consequences to the nation are of the fearful kind described by Mr. Bo sanquet. In his valuable work, he entitles a chapter. " THERE IS No FAITH," and thus does he prove his assertion :—" Want of faith is the very characteristic of this generation. Concurrent and consistent with this. is a WANT OF CHARITY. The Bible is boldly and practi cally denied in every particular. No class or body of men believe and obey it. And strange as it may seem, it is by no nation, or people, or churches, or sects of men, less implicitly believed and followed, than by those very peo ple and sections of the church who talk so much about it. There are no persons less obedient t , 3 the plain sense and mandates of the written word of God, than those who most speak of and uphold it as the sole authority and standard, and reject all assistance from the history of the church, and what is spoken against as tradition. The Bible is denied in every particular. Men do not believe that we are really to be Christians ; that we are to imitate our Lord. They do not believe that the world could pos. sibly go on, if all men were to act upon pure Christian motives, and up to a perfect Christian rule ; if they were to forgive and forget injuries; if they were not to resent an affront; if they were to give to people, because they asked them ; if they were to lend money, without looking far interest ; if we were all to give up luxuries, and style, and costly furniture, and equipage ; if we, our cattle, and servants, were strictly to observe the day of rest. How many are there who appear to believe that it is not right to be anxious about the future ; that riches are not a good thing ; that the entrance into heaven is easier to a poor man ; that we ought to return a tenth to God ; that it would bring a blessing, to give freely and largely to the poor; that children are a blessing and a gift from the Lord, and that the man is happy who has his quiver full of them ? It is evident that, in all these points, the Bible is disbelieved, and is practically denied ; and does not control or guide us in our habits and principles of life and of society. Still less do we believe that the public mea sures, the laws and the government of the state, and the intercourse with other nations, ought to be, or can be, carried on, and conducted on Christian principles. What number or classes of persons believe that righteousness exalteth a nation ; that the conscience of the government is the conscience of the people ; and that our rulers are bound to take the first care for the pure religion theirlnd morals of the country ; and that , if they- _ct righteousness will bring down a blessing uponor God's own That the fault committed, in the di sre g ard as it is e is but one counsel and instruction, is as deplorably foolish, Ther fearfully profane, is unquestion able. d the sno;tion." ted by immorality—and code of morals which is unpollu ruth sure and u n erring standard of tin the world—but one r g o i i v e e o n t u o s r d fo i s r r e o g u a r r d g i u t i , d e i 8 . T t hoa tcast t t h h e a t b o a i k d h a i cohd either h t a o s A no N t D lONAL mo i r n e ßA ir T .—Remedies for the Perils of the religious and atheistic , than it is SENSELESS Nation. FOURTH EDITION. Standard-office, Three o'clock. LIVERPOOL CORN EXCHANGE, THIS DAY. (From Messrs. R. Makin & Sons' Circular.) We are still rather scantily supplied with any kind of produce, either Coastwise or from Ireland, and from abroad the imports this week are only moderate. Of Wheat, Oatmeal, and Bean, however, we continue to have a good display of samples from granary, but, with these exceptions, the stocks here era comparatively small. Having a good attend ince of town and country millers at our market to-day, and the holders of Wheat submit ting to a decline of ld. to 2d. per 701bs. from th 3 rates of this day se'nnight, sales, chiefly of the general runs of foreign, were effected to a fair amount at that abatement. English and Irish Flour was in moderate request, and Canadian in good demand, each nearly supporting our last quotations. Barley and Malt were saleable upon a moderate scale at late prices. Beans, on the contrary, attracting less notice than for some time past, were Is. to 2s. per qr. chewer; and Pease might have been purchased on rather easier terms. Oats, althouga taken off sparingly, maintained former prices; wh , lst Oatmeal commanded a tolerably free sale at a small decline from our last currency. ARRIVALS OF CORN, From the 2 , th June to the Ist July. 1844, inclusive, I RH- COAST - !CANADA' R . 7 , 0 - LAND. N. TOTAL WISH. 1 Wheat .. Ors. 410 405 5099 5914 Barley Qrs. 16 1150 1 166 Malt Qrs. 59 924 982 Oats Qrs. 1698 1107 2805 Rye Qrs. 8 8 Beans Qrs. 1 17 f 17 Pease Qrs. 8 1249 1257 Shelled FlarleyQrs. Indian Corn. Qrs. Rapeseed Qrs. Oatmeal .. Loads 854 3 857 Flour. ....Sacks 1454 279 to 2293 Ditto In o Runcorn, Ireland a qrs. ; Oatmeal, 144 loads Coastwise.—Malt, —qrs.; Oats, Flour, 286 sacks. EXPORTS.—Foreign. Wheat. qrs.; Malt, qrs. ; Oats. 505 qrs.: Pease. 100 qrs.; Indian Col—% qrs.; Oatmeal, 3 loads ; Flour. 507 brls.--Ireland Wheat, 132 qrs. ; Bar ley, qrs ; Oats. qrs ; Rye, qrs ; Indian Corn, to qrs.,; Oatmeal. 10 Ids ; Flour, 10 sks. 'Oa brls.--Coactwise. Wheat, 524 qrs. ; Barley. 4i qrs.; Malt, qrs.; Oats. 161 qrs. ; Beans. 0 qrs. ; Pease, 27 qrs.; Oatmeal, 89J loads ; Flour, 484 sacks 275 brls. Average prices of Grain, for the week ending June 22, 1944. Wheat 555. Bd. 1 Barley 325. Bd. I Oats .. 225. 8d I Rye 345. 2d. Beans.. 375. Ind. I Pease.. 355. 2d. Aggregate average of the six weeks. Wheat 55s Btif Barley 315 4d I Oats 21s 10d. Bye 323 10d Beans.. 355. sd. j Pease.. 335. 4(1. Duty on Foreign Grain, &c. this week. - - - Wheatl7s 0d I Barley 7s 0d . 6s Odiliye.. IPs 6d Beans 7s 6a I Pease.. gs 6d I Ind. Corn Os Od. I Flour 10s 22d Ditto from British Colonies out of Europe. Wheat.. Is. Od. 1 Barley.. os. 6d. I Oats .. 2s. Od. 1 Rye., is 6d Beans Os. 6d 1 Pease Is. 6d. 1 Ind. Corn os. Od. 1 Flour.. Os 74d Liverpool Averages, week ending 25th June, 1844. Wheat, 327 qrs., price, s:is. 4d.; Barley, 39 qrs., price. 275. gd. ; Oats, 596 qrs., price 21s. 3d.; Beans, 11 qrs., price 395. 2d.; Pease, 1 qr., price 44s Od. Duties paid in Liverpool, for week en 'ing 27th June, 1844. Foreign—Wheat, 5003 qrs. ; Beans, 498 qrs.; Pease, 166 qrs. ; Flour, 100 brls. Colonial—Wheat, Wheat, 1018 qrs. ; Oatmeal, 42 loads; Flour, 4809 qrs. GUANO TRADE.—During the past week this port has sent out three ships—the Integrity, Johnston, of 489 tons; the James and Thomas, Forest, of 383 tons ; and La Bonne Mere, Dove—for Ichaboe. The Atwick, of 341 tons, and the Indus, are preparing to follow. These will make twelve hips from Hull, ten of which are gone to load the precious manure.—Hull Herald. LADIES IN THE STOCKS.—On Saturday, market-day at Newport in this county, the attention of Her Msjesty's lieges was attracted to the Town-hall, in consequence of the stocks being occupied by two young ladies, Miss Ann Bullock, and Miss Harris, who with a gentleman, named Jones, alias Girdler, had the pleasure of rusticating in the above enviable position for six hours.—Shrewsbury Chronicle. GIIANO.—The West India Islands do not appear to offer a market for this now important article of commerce, as the following fact affords sufficient proof:—" The brig Lerwick, Captain Jones, arrived at Cork on the 23rd instant, with a cargo of African guano, having been to Barbadoes, and remained there four days, without being able to dispose of it, at, it is presumed, remunerating prices. " Roe and Blatchford, the Isle of Wight bankers, passed their final examination on Friday at the Court of Bank ruptcy, when the proof of the Isle of Wight Joint Stock Bank f0r'.E63,000 was admitted against each of the sepa rate estates of the bankrupts; it appearing that when Sir Richard Bassett died, the firm was insolvent, and was nevertheless carried on by the bankrupts till they failed with a deficiency of £60,000 or £70,000. QUICK TRAVELLING—The splendid new coach, Quick silver, from Edinburgh to Newcastle, in uninterupted communication with the Newcastle and London Railway (just opened,) by Darlington, in one day, on Wednesday performed her first journey from Newcastle to Edinburgh in nine-and•a-half hours, with th 3 greatest ease, safety, and comfort, and having a full complement of passengers, thus anticipating the London mail by nearly four hours.— Glasgow Courier• STATISTICS OF CAB -DRIVERS, &c.—From some docu ments recently prepared for the Home Missionary So ciety, it appears that there are in the metropolis 347 watermen employed upon the various cab-stands, 1,793 omnibus conductors, 1,662 drivers of cabs, and 4,546 drivers of h.sckney-coaches and omnibusses, making a total of 8,318 men, or, with their families, 20,000 persons living by the conveyance of passengers in and around London. POST-OFFICE EMBEZZLEMENT.—On the morning of Thursday, Miss Sarah Kay, late the receiver of letters at the Glossop Road branch Post-office, in Sheffield, under went an examination at the Town-hall of that place, and was fully committed to York Castle for trial on three charges of stealing letters, one containing two marked half sovereigns, another containing a silk handkerchief, and the third a piece of bride-cake. The punishment for this offence is transportation for life. SIGNS OF THE TlMES.—Since the second reading of the Dissenters' Chapels Bill in the House of Commons, the trustees of Dean-row (Unitarian) Chapel have held a meeting, which was attended by several very wealthy and influential gentlemen of the neighbourhood. They have determined on making a school-room from one end of the chapel, altering the galleries, and thoroughly repair ing the building and premises throughout. They have ample funds at their disposal.—Stockport paper. EXTENSION OF THE COTTON TRADE.—We have now almost weekly to report fresh extensions of the cotton trade in this town. This week Messrs. W. Shaw & Co., corn-dealers, have p rchased about 5000 yards of land, belonging to the Greenbank estate, on which to erect a weaving shed, and, probably, hereafter a mill. Mr. J. Paley is about taking down buildings adjoining the works, and extending them considerably. We hear of another party about erecting a new mill.—Preston Guardian, Radical paper. THE LOSS OF THE MANCHESTER.-137 the Vivid steamer, which arrived on Tuesday evening from Hull, we ascertained that the Transit steamer made that port on Monday from the scene of the late heart-rending oc currence, and the additional particulars brought by her confirm the melancholy fact that not a life was saved. When the Transit left the Elbe on Saturday, the wreck of the Manchester could be seen to the northward of the harbour, but the crew were unable to gain any tidings of any bodies being washed ashore.—Morning Chronicle. MANCHESTER THEATRICAL RELIEF FUND.—The fund for the relief of the sufferers by the destruction of the Manchester Theatre-Royal amounted, on Thursday last, to 1761. The salaries of the company were paid in full from the time of the conflagration to the opening of the Circus ; the artisans were paid for the loss of their tools, and the orchestra for the loss of their instruments ; after which a surplus of £370 remained, which was dis tributed, on Saturday, among the theatrical corps and those necessary servants of the theatre who are wholly dependant upon it. CURIOUS CIRCUMSTANCE.—There are at all the sta tions of the Ayrshire Railway shifts or switches, placed betwixt the two rails for the purpose of removing carriag es from one rail to the other. Under the shaft of L s o i c 3 h o lv lt i a noch station, a bird of the " wagtail " has there is nest, and is now sitting on five eggs. Although oa t train pass scarcely an hour in the day that there isinne and carriages ing over it, and the wheels of the eng of the resting place of running within two or three inches fearlessly as if it were the little bird, it goes in and outs rn Watchman. , L s i housen c o l n s w h airsea, speciesml na mass s t the flameso i l and ; out of the reach of danger.—Wes alarming fire broke out on D Sunday RE Mr• Slator. Shortly afterwards a colour warehouse of )quantity of violent explosion took place , 100 lb having upon the premises ( about ignited .At this time the whole of Mr. . effect of the explosion was to blow out the whole of the the A . m p F o morning n gF FinE•--An in S ' front. A large corn warehouse Spain-lane next took fire, and became a prey to the flames, together with the offices of Mr. Lewins and their timber-yard. The amount of property destroyed is estimated at XlO,OOO. S Boston. la to r E.—An alarm' • . IMPORTS OF FRIIIT.—The Princess Victoria steamer from Antwerp, on Monday morning, landed 542 baskets of cherries, averaging 501bs. each, making a total of about 27,2001b5. • she also land e d 20 b askets of fine white cur rants. The Emerald Isle, Rotterdam steamer, the same morning landed 933 baskets of the same fruit, averaging 251bs. per basket, and making, with the Princess's supply, upwards of 50,0001b5., which were immediately distributed amongst the buyers from the West Riding and Lancashire. This supply is ten times the amount of the preceding week. The fruit is in extraordinary fine condition, and appeared, on examination, to be entirely free from un soundness and waste. The Emerald Isle brought a fur ther consignment of 635 bushel-hampers of new potatoes. Hull , Herald. July 2, Is4l. MILITARY AFFRAY AT GATESHEAD.—Aeriousaffray took place at Gat es h e ad on S un d ay wee k. It o riginated in a common public-ht:use quarrt 1, which led to the ap prehension of a soldier belonging to tue 37th Regiment. This proceeding had irritated a number of his canaradeS who assembled in Gateshead at a subsequent period of the day, and made an attack upon some of the police much in t .e same way as the recent a't irk was made in Leeds. The n.aiter was fully inv stigat . d by the magistrates at the Gateshead Town-hall on Tuesday last, when SIX soldiers, and a civilian named Weymss, were each con victed in a penalty of £5. In default of payment, to be imprisoned two months in Durham Gaol. ACCIDENT IN THE liIVER LEA.—On Wednesday three inquests were ht ld before the Middlesex coroner 'on the remains of three youths who were drowned in the Lea, close to the Eastern Counties Railway. on H. Waldock , aged 17, who had gone to bathe with his brother, and having got out of his depth was drowned ; on G. S. Shaw, aged 12, and Alfred Frear, aged 11, sons of respectable tradesmen in Whitechapel. They had gone to walk 01 the banks, and when about t o re t urn h ome, Sh aw s lid down the bank to wash his boots, in doing which be fell in. Freer courageously jumped to his assistance, and each grasped the other so firmly that they perish-d in each other's arms. The drags were pr o c ure d, h u t t h e b o d i es were not found for an hour Lnd a half. Verdict, "acci dental." NUPTIAL. FESTIVITIES.—Tuesday last was a gay and happy festival at Acton, and the whole district was one scene of rejoicing, as on that morning Wilbraham Tolle mache, Esq., led to the hymeneal altar, Miss Tomkinsoar of Dorfold Hall. On leaving the church the flower girls preceded the bride and bridegroom, and scattered the path with roses. The bells of the church rang out mart peals, and the party returned to the llall amidst the same demonstrations of enthusiasm as greeted their arrival. The children of the National School. about 200 of both sexes, were plentifully regaled in their school room with buns, wines, &c. No demonstration which could in ant way mark the respect in which the wo. thy pair are held, was omitted ; and a general feeling of good will, and warm expressions of esteem, were the distinguishing charac teristics of the joyous proceedings. The Hampshire Independent has a strange memoir of a hall-brother of Sir Edward Knatchbull, who was exe cuted in February last, for a murder, at Sydney, in New South Wales. John K na t c hb u ll, a son of the 'late Sit Edward, by a second marriage was transported in 1824, for a robbery at Vauxhall Gardens, under the assumed name of John Fitch. He was always of violent temper; and when he rose from the rank of midshipman, having early entered the navy, to the commander of a ten-gun brig, his conduct was so tyrannical that he was brought to a court martial, cashiered, and declared incompetent to hold any commission in the King's service. He then associated with the most profligate. By a pretended marriage he succeeded in seducing the daughter of a"city merchant ; having previously made similar victims at Bermuda. Halifax, and New York. In 1825 he arrived at Sydney; and soon obtained a ticket of leave, having apprehended several runaways, who, from information subsequently received, no doubt, were instigated to the crime by Knatchbull hims:df. In IE3I he was banished to Norfolk Island for seven years, for forgery; after which he returned to Sydney. He was ultimately executed for the murder of Mrs. Jamieson ; the motive to his crime having been a small amount of property which the unfor tunate woman possessed, and which was found on the murderer's person. The King of Saxony, after visiting Cambridge, arrived at Chesterfield on Siturday week, and visited Hardwicke Hall. proceeding on to Bakewell. On Sunday the King and his suite attended service at the Earl of Newburgh'S chapel, and afterwards visited Chatsworth, spending seven hours in an inspection of the Duke of Devonshire's cele brated conservatory. They then proceeded to Haddon Hall, and having viewed that beautiful and unique struc ture, returned to the Rutland Arms, at Bakewell, where they again passed the night. On Monday the King of Saxony visited Buxton and afterwards Castleton, and went through the caverns and minutely inspected the wonders of that extraordinary locality. His Majesty then pro ceeded on to Matlock, sleeping at the Old Bath Hotel. On Tuesday the King visited the Museums at Matlock Bath, and then passed on to the railwaj station at Derby, proceeding by train to Birmingham, where horses were ordered to be in readiness to take him to the Soho manu factory. From Birmingham his Majesty proceeded to Warwick Castle. On Wednesday evening his Wiest? arrived at Leamington, and on the following morning viewed the town, soon after which his Majesty departed for Oxford, via Stratford-on-Avon an d Bl en h e i m. His Majesty arrived at Oxford on Friday, and was conducted by the Vice•Chnncellor over the colleges, libraries, &C. His Majesty took his departure from Oxford on Saturday. THE MORALITY OF THE TURF.—In the Court of Exchequer, on Tuesday last, an action for an assault was tried before Mr. Baron Rolfe. Mr. Wood, a sporting man, sought to recover damages for having been forcibly ejected from the Grand Stand at Doncaster, during the races last year. The action was brought against Lead bitter, the well known London police officer, but it was defended with the sanction of the jockey club, by the Earl of Eglintoun, the steward of the races, under whose directions the ejection took place. It seems that the plaintiff purchased for a guinea a ticket to the Grand Stand, but shortly after he had been admitted he was de sired to withdraw by. Leadbitter, acting under• the direc tions of Lord Eglintoun, and on the plaintiff's refusal he was gently handed out by the officer, which constituted the alleged assault. It appeared that the plaintiff was what is called a " defaulter" on the turf, and before the Derby Race, in 1841, he had solicited authority from a person named Harker to bet for him on commission. That authority %as given, and before the races plaintiff wrote to say that he had backed Coronation in several heavy bets with some of the leading men on the turf; bat when, contrary to his expectation, Coronation had woe the race, he confessed that he had not made such bets. If Coronation had lost, the plaintiff would have pocketed a large sum without risk at the expense of Harker. The jury found a verdict for the defendant, on the plea of jus tification. cause last n e c e e o s , fs and in t h iosv countryer SUICIDE OF A COURIER OF THE KIN G OF H ANO VEI" —Whilst the steam-ship Caledonia was on her l as t passage to Hamhurgh, the greatest sensation was p r oduced amongst the passengers by the following m e l anc h o ly oc currence :—On board was a Mr. T. lialphs, courier to his Hanoverian Majesty, the bearer of despatches from her Majesty to his royal master. He left St. James's Palace on the night of last Friday week, and proceeded on board, but owing to some unexplained cause he would never mitt with the chief cabin passengers, but preferred li v ing a nd conversing with those in the forepart of the vess e l. At nine o'clock in the evening the steamer anchored at the Stade, and shortly afterwards he partook of a g lass of brandy and water with the steward. Soon aft er :two o'clock on the following morning the vessel got under weigh, and proceeded up the river on her way to Ham burgh, when the man was missed. The mate then went in search of him, and having gone to the door of the wa ter-closet, and finding it locked on the inside, and receiv ing no answer to his knocking, with the assistance of a sailor, broke it open, and found Mr. lialphs a corpse, his throat being frightfully cut in several places. The unhappl man had evidently first cut himself with his right hand, and finding the wound ineffectual, had infl cted another gash on the other side of his throat, and death not follow ing so speedily as he desired, it was apparent that he had sat down on the seat and bled to death. A piece of paper, on which the following was written, was found in his pockets :—" Take care of my child, for Thomas Italphs, h r t e h o is u . est G ; o li d 'r b a i r e ik ss la y n o d u a a nl l l . BREADuassin Churchill have been the w anhd at , i a t s is w il ; the c i s o n v t a i s n t e l vastly t d different l y to , IN PARIS AND LO ND O N.— The style of doing suppose the paid agitators of the League must get some thing else to agitate upon, we should recommend them to look into this matter, if they are really solicitous, as they profess to be, for the interests of the operatives and the poorer classes of society. It would be new and about as useful as their present object. What we allude to has been repeatedly displayed in the reports from Paris of the prices of corn, flour, and bread, relatively to the prices ie this country. These tables are to this effect, that while the price of wheat in London market may be ten per cent. higher than that of Paris, the price of flour is twenty per cent. higher, and of bread thirty per cent. higher in the former than in the latter capital. And it would thus appear, that to whatever causes the different relative prices of bread in the two markets is to be attributed, the blame , if blame there be, of the price being higher in England than in France, is attributable but in a moderate degree to the corn growers, while the profits of millers and bakers the difference in this country constitute the chief part o f complained of. If the gentlemen of the . League p ossess they will surely the investigation of this branch of the subject, as it ought to be a matter of perfect indifference to them whether th e t h W e y e h shall s hventurethemselves t that love of justicdeevanotdefsaiormdeeaplainng ofw htiheehirthaettyenptrioonfesteor poor consumer is wronged by the landholder, the miller' or theto say, however, th e League wilt not agitate in , the matter. Millers and baked; are on a par with themse yes, and enjoy their sympathy in the profits they realize, however high those may . n b e t . It is the aristocracy they fix upon as their game. But wofully under tshoefiarrl,eva baker. et level. ARRIVALS OF GUANO.—Two cargoes of this fertiliser , the property of Messrs. Banks of Haddinston have sr" rived at the p or t o f B erwick within the last ' few day" one, per the Clifton, from Ichaboe. and the other, per th e Leo, from Claincha, or the Bug Islands. The captain 0, the latter stat es th at h e l oa d e d hi s vesse l ( a b out 420 tons" in 48 hours, the guano lying as thick as 300 feet; fl i r t that, had it no t b een f or th e t rou bl e o f s t ow i ng , it wig"' have been done in four or five hours. The guano Aar conveyed to the hold of the vessel by means of canvas s hose. Th e B ug Islands are three in number, about. l 5 miles off Piseo, in lat. 14 23 S., long. 76 13. There is rock in the centre of the middle island, which is half I I mile in diameter. The rock stands as a sort of landr . o o in the ocean. The rock appeared to be a kind of whi ten. _ ed boulder, so hard that the crew were unable to proctit; a fragment of it. The captain visited only two of islands, and states that the air was very strongly inno%, nated with ammonia. The coast of Peru abounds = w the article. He describes labour in general to be Pletrie ful, and to be had at about 3s. a day English w ere 30 but he had to wait a month for his turn, as there .l ,„ce vessels there. The population is principally a raixe in of Spaniards and Peiuvians, speaking Spanish, an" .. ; 0 1 the present undisturbed state of the country, for l ' h i, plunder. The captain of the Clifton says that . on ..A arrival at Ichaboe the vessels that were then loading 01 2: appointed a commodore, that the allotment of guano each vessel was then at the rate of one foot per man, an that it took him two months to load. The island is on ly Clifton left there were fifty vessels loading , the allotme nt quarters of a mile in circumference, and when on: ° for each being then reduced to four inches per rpan. Was supposed that all the guano would be carried aural by these vessels.—Berwick Warder. Hu ate il]g Wit Pal Ye, am boi ths