The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1851-03-11 00:00:00

ON MA (For th- ON SF.N The po , l Ana rNsI Or some And frail] No hunt] 4 drentures WNII AND A REPLY THE LADY'S REPLY NOTICES Crwek•l and M depart ma. A: Ettrua PO Nut\ READY'S lift h.•r on the to, thar sn Ab, the THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. enteral iftisrellanv. , le , ir- ,, Iris rg et - leafage.' Prather, on the very same evening, the present Premier, Lord John Russell, thought fit to read to the House of Commons a letter which had been addressed by him to her Maj-sty, of which the foliowing is an extract :—"The measures which Sir Robert Peel had in con- In the half-year ending June 30, 18 50 , the inhabitants . templation appear to have been—a present suspension of the, of these islands made 31,766,503 journeys,- by rail. T FROM TUE duti! sof corn—a repeal of the Corn Laws at no remote period A boat, with five men, was capsized off Shetland Isle a traced: dby a diminution V duties—relief to the occupiers of few days since. They were all drowned. 'and . from burdens by whifh they are peculiarly affected.. o far A petition to Parliament to compel doctors to write ' their prescriptions in English, and not in Latin, is now in course of signature. • A small vessel, manned by seven hands only, which ~. in a peculiarly communicative mord ;- for, besides the lei- left the Tyne the other day, cost eighteen shillings extra ter of 16th December, 1845, of which the foregoing is an ex- • at the new shipping-office for dues. tract, he read to the House another epistle, dated the 20th. 1 Mr. Beaufoy, of Lambeth, who has spent £ lO,OOO in informing her Majesty that he had found it impossible to form • building ragged schools, has just given a fifth - thousand n .liltiiinistrition. That letter, moreover, contains a sketch a of what the noble lord had proposed to have dote,' provided it guineas to the City of London School for prizes. hail been possible to procure the aid of that galaxy of ta l en t I The /lona's Isle steamer was offered for sale on Wed with %%bleb he is now surrounded. ' Lord John Russell wend nesday last, at Douglas, but was bought in again by the have formed his ministry on the basis of is complete free trade , ' company at £5BO. h 1 corn, to be estab!ished at once, without gradation or delay.: The quantity of water cresses annually sold in the lie would hove accompanied that proposal with measures of P • rieci al markets of London is said to be 14,958 . 000 , e/ief, to a considerable extent, of the occupiers of land, from P the burdens to which then are subjected.' bunches. The amount realized by the sale is £ 13,019 . " Now, we beg the reader distinctly to marl: the character of ; The Prince Albert is again to be fitted out at Aberdeen, these si-viral admissions made by Sir Robert Peel and by Lord en Ito proceed to the Arctic regions in search of Sir John John Itussill. 'Hwy were made five years ago—are quite Franklin and his crews. unequivocal—and demonstrate the opinion of berth, that, in ; l A vase containing a bouquet of fragrant flowers , was font-re. no alterations should be made in the laws which rim- ! d before' • 'wed the Biiinission of foreign grain, without granting to the , p ace Mr. Justice Cresswell on the occasion of ~-cupiers of the soil a relief from their peculiar burdens. his opening the Cumberland assizes. This a matter which it is very necessery to keep in view, ; A female child, nine months old, was suffocated at Bir -mach as we cannot compliment Lord jobts Russel on los ' mingbam, a few days since, by a marble, which had been given to her as a toy. and which she had put into her mouth. Miss Burdett Coutts has most kindly offered to pay off the debt upon the Royal Dock Yard Female Orphan Asy lum, at Plymouth, amounting to £Bl, having previously given a donation of £25. James Watkins, a private in the 15th Regiment of Foot, convicted of feloniously setting fire to a military prison, at Weedon, near Northampton, has been sen tenced to ten years' transportation. On Wednesday a public meeting was held in the me tropolis to promote the repeal of all the taxes on know ledge, and in particular of the penny stamp on news, 1) - osals . : Lot:4l John Russell is prepared to assent to the opening 7 , ,r,1: 9 On that midi" (22n(1 January 1840, Lord John tl p+•rceptiotis. He has an odd way of aiiiiressing iculinral body as if they were liable for the con the rejection or acceptance of certain proposals, of it, he tho u ght oroder to make to cer rent —a mode of deal inu w Lich, in our suitable to a sharp attorney than to a tatesinan," !though the fart of severe pressure upon, and suff,T.r xist'oa amongst the aerieultural interest was dis v admitted in the Soeeeh from the Throne, the claim t to any flied relief. worthy of the name, John and his ii,viss majority in the Buiwer Lyilon's " My Novel ;" a view of Mr. Borrow's " Lsvengro ;" a notice )t . Common? papers. A vacancy is about to occur in the wardenship of Dul wich College. By the statutes of the college, the candidate must be of the name of Alleyne or Allen, not less than 21 years of age, and unmarried, A tinman and bra2ier living at Thirsk, Yorkshire, has made a copper teakettle out of a farthing, and intends to send it to the great exhibition. The kettle is tinned inside, and is complete in every respect. The Quarter Bridge inn, near Douglas, was completely gutted by fire on Wednesday. The fire was discovered about two o'clock in the morning, and three inmates Two boys named John, one about ten years old and the bout eight, were found dead on a limekiln, at Glamorganshire, a few days since, having been suffocated by the noxious fames from the kilns. Another batch of female emigrants, forty-one in num ber, left Blackwall, on Thursday for Australia. Lady Emily Dundas. Mrs. Stuart Wortley, and other friends accompanied them from London to Blackwall. A serious explosion of gas took dace at Oxford-street, Birmingham, on Saturday week. The entire front of the house was blown down, and the ceilings of two stories fell other al v,r. NN HE HAMMOCK IN THE I 111. I L,SI I have down, leaving the house a complete wreck. The extensive premises of Messrs. Charles Ogleby, and Company. spermaceti refiners, Lambeth, were on Friday burned down. The loss amounts to many thousand pounds. — THE ScrtNE OF GRAY'S ELEGY.—The sum of X. 350 is yet wanting to complete the necessary repairs and en largement of Upton Old Church, which divides the palm with Stoke Pogis as the edifice that suggested the immor tAlines of the poet Gray. Mr. BrisPall, of Birmingham, has manufactured a very ingenious clock for the Great Exhibition, which, in addi !ion to indicating the hours, shows the month, the day of the month, and the day of the week, correcting itself in The bullion in both departments of the Bank of Eng land has increased from £14.435,537 to £14,448,421. being a difference of £12,884. The paper in actual circu lation had increased from £19,775,446 to £20.289,171, being a difference of £513.725. Among the objects of interest at the Great Exhibition, in the Swiss Collection, is a gold pen-holder, with a diminutive watch at the top of it, indicating not only the hours, minutes, and seconds, but even the day of the month. The Somerset Gazette relates that while a carrier, named White, was returning from Exeter the other day, the noise of the whistle at the starting of the train from the railway station so terrified the horse in his v n that it started, ran a few yards, and dropped down dead. A sweep, between 70 and 80 years old, was killed last. week at Stockton, in the North It ding of Yorkshire. In the exercise of his occupation lie had climbed to the top of a chimney, which fell with him and he was killed by the material. _ _ _ A child, nine years old, a few days ago, picked up and , at some red wafers which had been sweet out of an oil- mdon streets, and died a short by the red lead v y familiar afterwards, having I ieen poisoned the wafers contained A committee of English gentlemen has been formed in tuitin't 1 VARIETIES Calcutta, for the purpose of publishing translations of good English books into the native languages; and among the first works that will be issued will be " Robin- son Crusoe." At Newcastle assizes. on Saturday, Luke Skelley and William Skelley were indicted for havine in October, 1849. shot at John Smith and others, gamekeepers. in the employ of A. B. Cressweli, Eq., with intent to murder. They were found guilty and sentenced to ten years' transporta tion. Frown somerse TRUE.-Mr. Baron Platt, at the Westmoreland assizes, in a colloquy with an Irish priest, asked. " Why did you d Out ; till his f the hoop, f • not stay in d your own country, and rob there ?" Mr. Serjeant Murphy, with ready wit, answered for his coun tryman, "Because, my lord, there's nothing to steal there." _ _ A verdict of manslaughter has been returned by a coroner's jury against Mr. Ingham, chairman of the West Riding magistrates, for not taking proper precautions in providing a person to watch where his tram-road, for coal-waggons, crosses the public highway, and where a little child —;as killed. The barony of Newbie was sold on Wednesday, in Ifter considerable competition, for the sum of £51,000, the upset price being £50,000. The purchaser is Mr. Mackenzie, partner of Mr. Brassey, the great rail way contractor. The preceding proprietor is understood Mr. f of hi Edinburgh . . _ to have paid upwards of £ 70,000 for the estate Mackenzie is also the priprietor of Auchenkeoch. A THIEF IN COURT.—During the proceedings in the Crown Court, Carlisle, a learned counsellor told . his lord _ . ship that some one had stolen his " Archbold ;" another dolefully declared his gown had absconded (he suspected to Newcastle ;) and a third old gentleman went as far as to hint that his brief had been " cribbed !" This last was too good a joke to be true.—Carlisle Journal. ' Two men quarrelled and fought in the Northumberland assize court, last week, while the business wi.s proceeding. before the judge, and the assailant was given into custody for several hours, the learned judge observing that there had been a time when he would have lost his hand for such contempt of court. The Duke of Leeds at. his rent-day, recently held at Hartforth, generously directed that a return of 15 per rent. should be made upon the half-year's rents duo at • Michaelmas, 1850, as had been done upon the half year's rents due at Lady•day last. Ilis grace had previously directed notice to be given that he should reduce his rents 10 per cent. from Lady-day, 1850, to Lady-day, 1853. A "Foreign Conference and Evangelisation Committee" men, for the purpose of securing exhibition religious services and ment of A TINY Ging.—Among the many curiosities that will be displayed at the exhibition, will be a perfect and well finished gun, of not more than fourand a half inches long, and weighing only a quarter of an ounce. It is a single barrelled percussion, has all the modern improvements, and is capable of being loaded and fired with the utmost accuracy. The stock is of maple, and the barrel is twisted ; and although the gun is yet in a partially unfinished state, the various portions of the furniture are to be tastefully engraved. It is in the lock, hewover, that the greatest difficulty had to be surmounted. A percussion lock is composed of no less than fifteen separate pieces, and in the case of this diminutive specimen, some of those are so small as to be almost imperceptible without the aid of a glass. - - TROOPS FOR THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.—The 74th Highland regiment, about to proceed from Cork to Gi braltar in the Vulcan steamer, is to go immediately to the Cape, instead of Gibraltar. No other regiment has yet been ordered to the Cape. As the 74th is to go to the Cape, it is supposed the 13th Light Infantry, the next regiment for foreign service, will be ordered to Gibraltar. The following regiments are now serving at the Cape : Local Cavalry : Cape Mounted Rifles, 1,183 all ranks. Local Infantry : 6th regiment, 600 all ranks ; 45th regi ment, 1,100 all ranks ; 73rd regiment, 600 all ranks ; 91st regiment, reserve battalion, 600 all ranks. Total, 2,900 all ranks. Thus the total of Cavalry and Infancy at the Cape was rather less than 4,000 of all ranks at the com mencement of the recent hostilities. A CHEAP PUBLIC DINNER.—Mr. Abernethy, our har bour engineer, is to be entertained at dinner, previous to leaving Aberdeen ; and as various innkeepers had their several champions in the committee of management, it was decided to send specifications to three of the princi pal ones, binding them to provide a first•class dinner, consisting of salmon and everything else that is consi dered good at this time of the year ; a bottle of sherry to every three—" drams" and beer—attendance—a first rate band of music—and last, a relish or devil at night ; and Mr. Douglas of the North of Scotland Hotel was the successful candidate, at the suit a 33. for each guest. Surely this is the proper season for entertaining one's friends handsomely. Competition. after all, is the life of trade.—North of Scotland Gazelle. FORCE OF EXAMPLE.—On Friday se'nnight another attempt was made by a lad about sixteen yea'rs of age, named John Williams, which, had it not been for the pre caution of the druggist, might have been as succesful as the attempt of the young man, Miller, recorded in our last. The lad went to the shop of Mr. John Monis, ,Ti., 4 ; : ! 5 1-. 7 and asked fora pennyworth of arsenic, but in stead of giving him arsenic, the assistant gave him cream of tartar, and labelled it " poison." The lad went di rectly and mixed a portion of the pretended poison in wa ter, and drank it. Some persons saw him take it. and seeing the label in his hand, carried the lad off to the In firmary; but, upo n inquiry being made, it. was ascertained that the dose was not such as had been supposed. He was then taken to the station-house, and upon being brought before the Mayor the following morning, after receiving a reprimand, was committed to the house of correction for three months. In that time, the governor of the gaol, will administer such antidotes as will, we trust effectually eradicate all ideas of poisoning from his mind. —Hereford Journal. THE CANARY AND THE MousE. — One morning lately. a lady having gone rather early into an apartment in which she had a fine canary, and whose cage hung on the nob of the window shutter, was much surprised to find the bird sitting asleep in the bottom of the cage, and lying side by side with a live mouse, also asleep. On raising the window blind, the mouse squeezed itself through between the wires of the cage and fled. On examination, the box of seed was found cleaned out, as well as crumbs, &c. inten ded for the canary, hut d iubtless however devoured by his strange companion. On the following evening, about half past ten o'clock, while the lady and her husband were sitting quietly at the fire side, they were still further astonished at seeing a mouse (no doubt the same one) climbing nimbly up the shutter, and entering the cage be tween two wires. Thinking it might do harm to the bird, they tried to catch the mouse, but it made its escape as before. The cage was then suspended from a pail, so that the mouse could not gain access. Strange to say . ___ however, on the following morning the canary was found asleep on the fl )or of the room (the cage door having been left open), and a piece of potato beside him. Most likely the mouse had spent the night beside him, and bad a feast on the pntato.—Glasgow Courier. ALLEGED PROSPERITY OF THE WORKING CLASSES. — MEETING OF THE METROPOLITAN TRADES' DELEGATES. —At a meeting of this important body, representing at least 200,000 of the working classes of London, held on Thursday. the following resolution was passed :—" Re sclved,—That as the condition of the working classes is grossly misrepresented by the free-trade advocates, it is now necessary for the delegates to declare to the country in the most particular manner the true state of the work- ing population, which is that of gradual depreciation in the value of labour, and consequent reduction in the ne cessaries and comforts of life; and that a committee be appointed to prcpare an ac dress declaring their sentiments in favour of the principles of protection and regulation for labour." As a fitting pendant to this important resolu tion, we give the following extract from an advertisement which appeared in The Timespf Monday, from the direc tors of the Leicester-square Soup Kitchen :—" The com mittee are compelled to withdraw their permission to the tradespeople and ratepayers of St. James's parish to give written orders for relief to unemployed workpeople. 295 of whom were this day provided with a meal ; hut from the hordes of labourers flocking to the metropolis in search of work at the Chrystal Palace and forthcoming Exhibi tion. the kitchen is become alarmingly over crowded with applicants for aid. The funds of the committee being overdrawn, large numbers of workpeople , navoidably must be denied relief; and it is impossible to foresee the frightful extremes to which the exasperation of unap peased hunger may possibly lead." Comment on these alarming facts is needless. SINGULAR TRIAL.—A singular trial took place at the Assizes at Swansea, on Saturday last. Captain Charles Henry Ackerley, a retired officer in the navy, a man of good connexions, and well known in London for his eccentricities. was arraigned for the murder of Matthew Tingle, a collier. It appeared that the deceased had been burned by an explosion in a coal pit, and was under the care of the surgeon of the works, when, on the 12th of December, Captain Ackerley called at his house in Aber dare Valley, and representing that he was instructed to treat the sufferer mei ically, his directions were obeyed by the man's attendants. Captain Ackerley having directed the plasters with which Tingle's wounds had been covered to be removed, he placed a cloth over the sick man's face, put a lighted lamp under the cloth near the man's nose, telling him to breathe as fast as he could through his nostrils, and ordered the poor fellow's legs and arms to be violently moved about by the attendants. He next gave Tingle a pill, and pushed a feather down his throat; and when this strange treatment produced sickness, Ack erley observed, "That, is the gas I am pumping front the man's stomach." The man got worse from that. time, and died the next day. Mr. Davies, the surgeon who had attended .deceased, considered that the prisoner's treatment accelerated his death. Captain Ackerley, who conducted his own defence, cross-examined the witnesses at great length, and in an extraordinary manner. When called upon to address the jury, he produced a tin lamp, with an open top, containing a lighted taper, with the side cut away so as to admit a man's lower jaw, and pro ceeded to descant. at great length upon its virtues as a medical agent. His address. which occupied nearly an hour, was of the most rambling and incoherent descrip tion ; and his notion—or rather delusion—seemed to be that his treatment had relieved the sick man from an " atmospheric tonnage" by which he was oppressed. Mr. Justice Williams summed up with great care, and the iurv. after ten minutes consultation, deeming the prisoner insane, returned a verdict of not guilty. RIOT IN Sussr.x.—A disturbance, which is likely to lead to a legal investigation took place in the town of Ristgrinstead on Friday evening. The widow of Mr. 11,.1.;,-, ye.Hertable farmer, in the parish of Eastgrinstead, laving fallen into misfortunes, was admitted as an inmate of Sackville College. At her death, her daughter (Mrs. Jenner, a highly-respectable person, who , now keeps the charity school of Mrs. Eloper, .• at.,. of hor mother IJI buried according to the usual custom of the English Church. To this the Rev. Mr. Neale, the warden of the college, objected, and insisted upon the right of furnish neculiarlv.shaned mediseval coffni, a cutain bier, and a pall bearing the sign of the cross. The relations of the deceased expostulated with_ the reverend gentleman, and the college was declared in a I ingress or egress are informed, were not even admitted to see the remains of the deceased. As the funeral procession► moved from the door, a grandson of Mrs. Aikido snatched the ob noxious pall from the coffin, and the corpse was car of indignant bystanders. to the was unscrewed, to .satisfy the the deceased that the body was in Life;" tu:d an artic'e on "The Arts in Portugal" make up the remaining contents of the a►aga- Soul be DablinUriirersity Nragazine. Dublin : .TamesAl`Glashan, Upper S:ickville.street. London : W. S. Orr and Co. Sandboys and The University t.‘r this mouth is varied in its contents, 1 eninn them. !vitich are also frond in ottalitv. The political miners are rite Papal ' The former contains a gtrikine picture of Past Bud the Future, Part II , cts of his country from the introduction into it of British capital and en- We suspect th4t such hope would have been Seeley% London. The literary artic a a happy detiveranct pupil, naerons idiot—ratlwr an unpromisir zure, however, 'er' body no sooner cell MUSIC. for he felt velv polka. not The Exhibition Quads by Edwin F, are strange PATASADES MAGNETIC 1 be four on Ills putti n g I toner end a north pole t,e- 'URN FOR TUB ELGIN MARDLES the Ia n Isles the fir9t th I Athens. was a G " Mori ( pvramir NUMBER OF IN bout Word etween 150,000 and 170.000 ction does not eont, , in I Along with middle Men, squatters. and id could have got rid of a few hundreds of her alests, a portion of whose policy it. is to keep ion in incessant turbulence. The other article and from which we have given an extract Messrs des are varied and it: P"t I Th e Dallons ; or. Roads in Life. By Charles Lever London : Chapmrn and Hall. No. 11. h' story increases in interest ; and in this number the le of the dramatis personte are left in very critical Po ,ns, from which the reader will be inclined to pray for Arundel ; or, the Railroad of Life. By Frani. dls- F.irlegh. Hall, Virtue, and Co. The pr,sent number exlo,itg the hero of the story 1. Mr. Tom Bracy, as a magazine editor, is an Reccived.—The Throe Circle, Part 20—a chenp am ;ro-presting, publication ; arid Tomlin's Help to Self-Edit I cation—a very useful work. Fraser again withholds on ar Polka. By Henry P. Linter. London : D'A mine and Co., 20, Sohn-square. hered with any a. player ; and is likely to he a great f (D'Al n established fay.ur;t n ralis,des which have helm some time un, are stronely gnetie”l; the upper end Leing south pole, and the A late travell , n's Pills.' —The numher at present de. than 90.00 t Britain, is estimated TiH SUBJUGATION O. me wire in ai: tot e d • eemuer, 1847 c h m i n t h at I same prmth, th regiments. that Silch army, undo structure y command. t the top. helm Aspecla of . Naha Busrtoo.—On the 9th of De we entered Bittitibo. On the 17th of the :iowerful, brave. and hitherto uncon- tribute ; and v as far as I know, and xeeptions as any one mig day. On th.e.lBth El the foundation of the royal fort of V of one 01 aised, by the 1 it without tool to of b, Oa th( but two 13t valley, ar this ex ped han thrt 3ed. wt: d, and formerly r on of ordi "-it the fertilizing m lir,d been g, bad ed. api (I,!tizned. ar persttt d the s of Buono, I without a single r them perstitiom and s of the thelwight of 20 feet. I left Bunnoo. on the TZ days• ry, without an engineer of Janulry, 184 d chiefs of Bunnoo were ordered to thr By the end t in th rimercial road, 30 feet ieen undertaken, laid Icted, t y police) traversed by the mereha'nt ani nd security ; tracts of country from ms were diverted b 5 un, and promised to crest 'es and fort and thoty2h they guar !ot Leidy fired. the r wh - ol No people npon All the old su- Me ti) the c 1 in hand t &c., among Sir Culling Eardley has subscribed £lOO Teigners c upwards of £l,OOO. A MUSICAL BIRD.—The Lincoln Mercury Las an account of a starling that can not only whistle tunes, but can declare the name of the songs. His whistle over, be "That's bonnets o' blue, my boys." Taking t, he will continue, " Let's base the girl I left and proceed to whistle the tune. The bird ught, " be ready for a place in a first- a short res behind me 11 soon, it is A few days since, a lady residing at Sheffield sold to an old clothesman an' old dress for a trifling sum, and shortly rnnflp fhp mini - wing' discovery that her co'd nave been in the pocket of the dress when ne resigned possession of it. The old clothesman was to —.Leo .again, in a day or two, in order to purchase some more off.east garments; but be has not kept his appoint meet; anti the Sheffield police have been unable to find him. have called again, in a ham, aged lier own Con ninn CI r.,...",i dr• gnitnte aiib 311ortirtilturt. BIRKENHEAD PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY The Birkenhead Chemical and Philosophical Society, which began, at the commencement of last year, with some eight er ten members, upon the principle of meeting in turns at each others houses, now numbers from 70 to 80 members, and possesses a considerable library of choice scientific works, and the committee have engaged a spa cious meeting-room in Hamilton-street, which was opened last week by a general meeting of the society, to which ladies were admitted. The room was crowded to excess, and, after some slight preliminary business, the Rev. S. H. Booth read a carefully written and highly interesting paper upon the Anglo Saxon era. He began by defining the limits of the subject, stating that it embraced the higher developements of the Anglo Saxon constitution. laws and customs. He stated that the Anglo Saxon era extended from about 450 A.D. to 1066 A.D., when William of Normandy slew Harold, the last of the Saxon kings. The Anglo Saxon kingdom stretched from the Clyde to the north-east part of Corn wall, and from Yarmouth Roads to Hereford. He then glanced at the several classes of authorities. They were the professed historians—the illuminated manuscripts— the works of tapestry—and the national ballads of the times. He particularly described the tapestry of Bayeux, and remarked of ballads, " little as we value them as works of literary merit, they are a faithful and unerring guide to the manners te.,d characteristics, and even to the historic facts of their age." After touching on the historical progress of the Anglo Saxon people, and accounting for the subjugation or ex pulsion of the Britons, he went on to speak of their insti tutions, and in doing so, first of all called attention to the indelible marks which the old uaaan state of the Anglo Saxon has left on our language and proper names, instan cing the days of the week , the church festival of Easter, and the word God (good.) It may be remembered by us with mingled pleasure and surprise, that we rage only odopted a heathen term to expre” calr conception of the Supreme. He passed then to the highest political offices—the TM or king ; traced its development from the leader ship in war to the constitutional monarchy, under the controul of the Witenagemot. Of the Witenagemot, or great coencil, it was shown that it consisted of landed proprietors. Females sat in it if landed proprietors. It ruled the nation, elected the king, decreed laws, mads , MOM The people were divided info three great classes—the free—the treed—and the slaves. Their domestic institutions next passed under review. They were generous and confiding towards their women : warriors abroad—chivalric at home. Woman was ho noured, not with the abject slavery of the knights. errant, hut in her appropriate sphere of domestic solicitude and self-renouncing love. Extending in long gradation from ihe Queen to the meanest serf, each one found herself equal to her husband—not merely by courtesy from him, but in the eye of the law, by common consent of all. She was honoured nationally in the Great Council. The en lightened reverence for their mothers, sisters, wives, and daughters, adds a grace and stability to their laws and institutions. Their laws recognised a graduated scale of charge. A tran purchased immunity from punishment with gold. He slightly touched on their monetary system—their dress—habits at table—and then inquired concerning their literature. They most likely had letters in their pagan contrition, because, unlike nations which learn from the Latin, they have words of their own to describe their literary machinery. Their poetry is of the most unsound and rudest kind. It consists for the most part of forced inversions, feeble expletives, and violent transi tions. But the ballads, few of which remain, are much more natural and beautiful than the formal poetry of tne court bards. The Anglo-Saxon is the foundation of our own language, and may be found in great plenty in the works of the ablest au hors. Macaulay critically remarks on John Bunyan, that you may read whole pages consist ing of words of not more than one syllable, yet ample for all purposes of poetry and thought. Not to despise the additions of later times, it was a noble language in the hands of Aldhelm and Alfred the Great, but a still nobler language in the forum from such men as Pitt, Fox, and Sheridan—in the pulpit from Barrow, Howe, and Robert Hall—in the press fro:n Butler, Foster, and Macaulay— and in the immortal verse of Shakspeare, Milton, and Burns. Alter Mr. Booth's paper, the company adjourned to the refreshment-room, where they were well supplied with tea, coffee, and confectionary, and the remainder of the ecenine was occupied with a paper from Mr. Manson on Fossil Geology. SECOND PAPER ON THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS Having in my first paper given a sketch of the rise of glass making, I will now turn from ancient to modern practice, and before describing the manipulations of the blowing, will say a few words on the glass itself. The glass, or, as it is technically called when melted, " the metal," is virtually the same for all kinds of blown window glass. It is a mixture of silica, lime, and soda, sli4htly varied in proportion according to the individual views of the manufacturer. The crucibles, or " pots," in which t e materials are melted contain from 25 to 30 cwt. of " metal." In the St. Helens Company's Works there are 42 pots of that size in constant use for making window glass only, and eight pots a trifle smaller, some times used for window glass also, but generally confined to shade " metal" and for coloured glass, three and some times more being always used for the latter purpose. There are, therefore, 50 pots filled each "found," their being three and four ", founds," or meltings, each week, and sometimes, ',hough rarely, five. The silica of the glass is supplied as sand, the lime as limestone, and the soda as sulphate of soda, or " saitcake." Charcoal is added to decompose the sulphate of soda by abstracting oxygen from it, and when not present in excess is entirely burnt by the decomposition and passes of as carbonic, oxide and acid gasses. White arsenic (arsenious acid) and the black peroxide of manganese are used to correct as much as possible the colour of the glass arising, not only from impurities, but also from the nature of the ma terials themselves. Excess of charcoal gives either a yel low, more or less intent, or a blue, both are ascribed to various compounds of sulphur derived from the sulphates. The blue being supposed to be owing to some compound analogous to ultra-marine, a substance composed of sul phur, silica, lime, and soda. Upon these sulphur colours arsenic exercises a peculiar bleaching power, the oxide of manganese has a more beneficial effect upon the green tinge arising from the oxide of iron, present as a trouble some impurity. The alteration of the colour of glass by exposure to the influence of light and air is a very in teresting and important subject. Glass containing man ganese often becomes very dark, and this is particularly noticeable in some kinds of cast plate glass and foreign sheet glass. I believe the liability of n.anganese glass to alter increases with its softness and with the absence of lime from the composition; and that hard glass, contain ing a great quantity of lime, such as is blown in England, is not affected by many years exposure. The tint I have found least liable to alteration is a greenish yellow, of course I speak of the tint only, it cannot be too light in absolute colour. All whiter and yellower tints I have found more liable to alteration for the worse; a light blue is the only tint which changes for the better ; some va rieties of it have become colourless by a few years expo sure. Unfortunately blue is the most objectionable for first use, giving a cold appearance to most objects seen through it. White clouds are particularly delicate tests of the tint of window glass. This subject deserves more at tention- than it generally receives ; many judge of the colour of glass as if it were unalterable, and forget, or are ignorant of the fact, that many glasses, the hest colour to day, will be the worst after a twelvemonth's exposure. — I „ will now suppose the materials to be melted. and toe "metal" cooled until about the consitAtence of thick honey. There are only two kinds'of blown window glass made at present, crown glass and sheet glass, with its varieties. In "crown," the " metal" is wrought into a a flat cir cular table, with a " bull's eye" in the centre • and in k o in f m o of "metal," butar e "sheet," into a hollow cylinder which is cut in the ' direc tion of its axis, and then unrolled into a flat rectangular 'i re s q h u e e et n ' t ' iy ot n . l u at l e ifo f r ro m m t thickness. n a c m s s e . furnace o tl' as crown 'glass has been made for a longer period, I will first describe its manuLcture, and then proceed to sheet upon the end of the iron " to form a table of the size *duty to take up, or "gather, fiCient "metal The average diameter being 52 with a 1-inch bore from -v end to end. The mouth-piece is turned of a convenient shape, and a handle is. formed ad joining it by wrappinz cord upon the pipe, until the diameter is increased to about 2 inches, it is then covered with a thin layer of cement. The " m etal" is " ga _ ~freim;h7_ " the nose." the March 11, rs 518 . description. The point ultimately forms the " bull's Wl pr or " bullion." The shape being perfected, and Ls! " rectal" of a proper consistence, the " piece"' is restores to its first position, and a boy blows forcibly down the pipe, and the " piece" assumes the shape of a small bs' loon and is carried by the boy from the "'potherb" 0 the " blower." The small air bubble in the centr e is left for the purpose of keeping open the bore of the pipe, or the contraction of the iron would so fasten the " metal" in the aperture, that no human, being woul d hare power to force a passage. From very obvious res' sons it follows that the larger the opening, or bubble, cos; taming air the easier is the blowing,. hence the very sins; bubble for the " marver boy" to comm e n ce upon, a n the stiffness of the metal render his blowing the hardest in the whole process, and he is obliged to hold in bii cheeks with his hand, or the muscles would become ss fatigued he could not blow at all; this post is taken is turn for short periods. 'his completes the first stage in the process, and in 01 next communication I will detail all that remains of tb process of making crown glass. eaTIC II LTIIRA L Accounts reach us from all parts of the country of the unusual mildness of the season, and there is some nasal to hope that it will now be continued. It is much to be desir, d that observant horticulturists have not allowed , th e last two or three months pass without collecting all, the facts within their own observation relative to the state of the atmosphere and the premature developement of vege' tation. There are many curious facts which are well worthy 0f remark, and we regret that want of time has prevented our making personal observations. One thing, boweve r .r , we have noticed, and that is, that no withst an ding ts'' mildness of the season, the common primrose is not in 5o forward a state as it frequently is in more severe season,' whilst the double garden varieti e s ar e muc h mor e au • lanced than ugual. Why is this ? • _ _ _ There is nothing of particular interest in the Mr' ticultural world except the publication of the nel series of the recently-discovered Rhododendrons the Sikkim Himalaya, by Dr. Hooker. It vr , s Pe'r Hailed yesterday by Messrs. Reeve and 13,001 and is said to be even more carefully got up the first series, of which ;C . was said that no trated work had tha ll • iiver issued from the British press Ow" .4, it In all particulars. Mrs. Judith Sowerby has coil' menced a new volume of the reissue of the inestimabl e " English Botany," for which we can hardy sufficientlf thank her; it places an almost unattainable book w ithin the reach of every student. Mr. B. Maund has all ° followed in the same wise course, and the " Botante Garden is now reappearing in cheap monthly parts, at the Horticultural Society, Mr. Wells, gardener to E. Hussey i Esq., of Scottie,' Castle, Larnberhurst, exhibited for the first time in thig country two of the new Sikkim Himalayan Rhododerl: drons, seeds of which have been so pkntitully distribute d among cultivators in this country. In consequence of the very beautiful representations of some of those Rhodo' dendrons, published by Sir William Hooker, it is antler' pated that many magnificent sorts will be discover,. among them, and, as there appears to be considerab ly variety among the seedlings, both in appearance and con : stitution, this will in all probability be the fact; but On; all will not be handsome, nor possibly even desirable, Wr o proved by the pl an t s s h own . Th e y cons i s t e d o f a Ha' Alpine species with scurfy leaves, and small pale !emel t : coloured flowers, which possessed a scent something like that of the buds of the Balsam Poplar. In general apPea t ' ance the plants res em bl e d t h e f errug i nous Rh o d o d en dron of our gardens ; but at present they are inferior in hea' to that species. —Mr. Cole, gr. to H. Collyer, E (1•1 Dartford, exhibited a young and very healthy specitnee" the pale variety of th e c h arm i ng Rh o d o d en d ron javal; cum. for which a certificate of merit was awarded. Cole finds that the best way of managing this fine s peve l e is to grow it quickly in the stove, until it has assumed t l lO form of a good-sized bush ; after which he thinks it W succeed in a greenhouse, treated like an Indian Azalea."' Mr. Glendinning, of the Chiswick Nursery, TurnhaT; green, sent a very pr om i s i ng green h ouse plant, in th ° shape of a Labichea, from S wan Ri ver . It resemb le d a Willow-leaved Heimia, but the flowers wore larger sl i f handsomer than those of th a t pl an t. A certificate 0 merit was awarded it. ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS' A. Z.—Your wild flower is Ranunculus ficaria, it is 11 . 0 unusual to see it. gilding the banks of ditches with 10 flowers, even earlier in the year. N. 111`CAnt.—Black lead is not as its name metallic; if pure it contains no trace of any meal , t l impure iron is usually present. • THE SOFTER SEX.—At the Northampton Assizes, the other day, in the course of a trial for poisoning, befQ Baron Alderson, several interruptions took place in Ti sequence of the overcrowded state of the c ourt - . , 4 crowd consisted chiefly of women, two of whom fajo r u e o s upon which the learned judge expressed his surprise t,4, women should be so anxious to be present at such dr e ; fat investigations. It was, however, a matter of tas They were called " the softer sex," but he thought 1 0 c ° redly. DEPARTURE OF THE DUKE OF BRUNSWICK BY ae NASSAU BALLOON" FOR GERMANY.-011 Tuesday, Ora of the most peculiar feats in aerostation took ulnalf:b.. Vauxhall-gardens, London, by the departure of his ness the Duke of Brunswick, accompanied by M r . Green, the well-known aeronaut, in his balloon, Duke of Brunswick, accompanied by a few friends, a l ; rived on the ground with a lar:;e quantity of provisi° l3 , and viands necessary for a lengthened voyage, consis tio ' of hams, fowls, pheasants, partridges, breadstuffs, late, coffee, &c.. with Sayer's apparatus for cookiqv The event being strictly private the event was a surprise,ier the inhabitants of the vicinity. Thirteen tried o_ll3, pigeons were placed in the car for the purpose of,curee municating with those interested in the feat ; en" I ;fr, cisely at 12 o'clock his highness, accompanied by liecl Charles Green, stepped into the car. Mr. Green P g „. o o the liberating-iron, and the machine arose. At the v t r of the ascent the wind was blowing from N.W. " te r The ballast carried was 13 cwt., with air vessels, v". t ig drags, and gutta percha lines. The balloon, on arriv.lo, at a sufficient altitude, took a south-easterly directs, passing over the counties of Surrey and Kent in the a ri rection of the continent. The foregoing particulerl. o o , taken from the Times of Wednesday, but we learn de' the London journals of Thurs lay that the aeronaut s ii ,a scended at Gravesend, the duke having found the I l ich suddenly become adverse to the particular course s c a he meant to take. He is, however, still determine silt carry out his intention, and will, it is said, ascend " as soon as the wind becomes favourable. __So! FEN RIOTS.—THE MILITARY CALLED OUT• ic elf upwards of twelve months the poor lands of 1311,rdiy have been the subject of considerable agitation up° s ky sension among the inhabitants of the town, in c o t ie` quence of the refusal of the poor to allow.the auth ern, to carry out an order of the Court of Chancery , for ; better regulation and cultivation of the said lands. 'iv C. M. Bidwell, surveyor, of Ely, was appointed 1”' court as manager to carry out its order. About : be months since, when he a ttempted to commence, ' 1 „ to interfere with their land. .",:a g cl t i h meal t r o e t a il t d ed se , r a v t e t d a h y b ro o w dy n e i i nlo ti, Z ‘ss ' t , i t n c t thex‘rt it)r,tkami,enoahebmdedev . ti catls c er i m , ir i leu' s state until about six weeks since, Wl', twelve of the metropolitan police weie sent for, a nd el or pli c atien was made for the assistance of the military , , the labourers determined: to resist the ci v il au theriti; Towards eight o'clock on Thursday upwards of 6 ,,, v 4 , hundred bad assembled, including a great many ten1 9 , 0 , 1 ',1 1 and in the course of half an hour a company of the 4 1, Regiment of Foot, commanded by Colonel Wether3hf defiled before the mob. These having been followed e, about forty of the 11th Hussars, with two raagisnia , formal possession was taken of ihe ground by Mr. e te well and his men. Seventeen of the ringleaders * ° 4, c , then apprehended, an d conveye d to t h e F ox P uu r d house, when t a , o o f th em were comm i tte d f or conte - r e , of the Court of Chancery, and five of them wer e ,. th e mended until M on d a y f or an assau lt u p on one 0 , 4 1 1 0 magistrates (Mr. A. Cotton) on the previous Friday. 4,0 rest were bailed out. Thus finding they had T ie r thwarted, a large number of the labourers made DPP br, tion to Mr. Bidwell to put them to work, and the Pro bility is, that for some months to come nearly 11,0, these very labourers will be engaged in the work of leAeir ling and clawing these very lands, preparatory to of parish at a nominal rent. The Hussars returned I),' i pti their quarters at Newmarket. It is supposed the t al l w ilt remain et,Burwell a month. 0 0 DARING ROBBERY AND DIABOLICAL OUTRAGg• Tuesday evening last, about half-past seven o'cla e r po most daring robbery and di a b o li ca l ou t ra ge was Pe . t , trated at the house of Mr. John Tyrer, farmer, of Sial 0 ,1)0 wood. On the evening named, the members family tutara - rnlts• nr v as thei his cot used t I ith th , m : Friuli doings are not wormy 01 -Dr,Achilli's Dealings with the Inquisition. of, they tintiht ie vicar of J. N. Harvard. As night set in, symptoms of riot were perceptible in the town; the street in front of imitation of that used at the college was surmounted w crosses, a scarlet mantle, and the inscription, Popery," and burnt amidst yells and hisses. The mob next penetrated the garden belonging to the warden, where they committed much depredation, breaking the windows and shrubs, and waving torches, accornr their movement. ih rough music of various sorts. This scandalous scene lasted till a late hour in the night ; and ed that informations have been laid before everal of the rioters.—Sussex DREADFUL BAD LEGS CURED DY HOLLOWAY'S OINT MENT AND PILLS.— ETtract of a letter from John East man, Esq., merchant at Buenos Ayes. dated 3d January, 1850. '• To Professor HollovA --• . Pills and Ointment ar mans in vc,rs, Tot reT 'o4c - n performed A. Portugue farmer, who Nd been confined to tlr6 boast ndered ble of tnan nvc foilowinL the use of ynur Pik and Ointment than kind crf` wo now SO f 'ee advt The rates v reduced 3n incre are been great some cat. valuable c oars, yet the ffiees continue as pros- These fac clearly demonstrate that inown unheeded, must have pro re ts. Amongst these causes, and the many very Igo ptf nnatom. edicme will stand most protni - Annually carried off thou ~,ectssfully combated by vaccination ; and Gout, that used to claim its numerous victims, has been thoroughly vanquished by Blair's Gout and Rheu matic Pills.—See adrt. st. of feloniousiv'administeri ;Cl. arsenic to her bus s sentenced to be hanged. Her )and died lit May cast, and there is no doubt his death pthoner repeatedly administering but was acqlitted ties of classified wheats from the shown at the Great Exhibition. ntiv. showing the stalk and arranged very ele rid a written tit affixed to mount of —From mburg will be exfi the other n the Illt 17 cwt. 1 qr. 261bs. 131 „. there is a beam plate, rolled in one solid ma f iron, 17 ft. 2 in. long, 3 ft. 6 in. broad in plate is exquist ,e centre, N BULL TERRIER ROASTED 7N THE ASIIPAN of the Ea! tidy Han tied in )t a bare all terrier loithtlets, rn Un ted by th rayed on tin line, anti, A th' fire in the ashpan of the engine, had lieedlcssly, rushed on to its destruction. le battle of Marston led London News roonutnctor ghing 56 lbr der yard, or abont • • • bands the F to the gatherer ice, and through a hole in the " ie dips the " nose" of the pi IBS a quantity of " metal" u " gathered" depends "metal" as to fluidity ; de, the "working pe into the "metal' ne round " oathers' pon it. The weight that can be greatly ,upon the state of the , the stiffer and cooler it is. the 6 rcater the quantity that can be taken up at once. At the commencement, when the furnace is very hot, three sue • .re generally necessary to obtain table," but as the furnace soon " gathered" at twice. Of course fore a second time, the "first time" is Allowed to stiffen and cool. A great deal of skill is . re quired in the " gatherer" to keep his " gatherings" centric with the pipe, and of a regular shape his second and third times n* enough cools, the majority are " 7alherin9 " metal," so to speat also. irregn ' would cat "table d, the air. bubble m ided by a const of _the pipe, is con- .essantly in various degrees of speed, f rom the metal" until the instant the pipe is dil "table" is delivered cor ing. During th heated from the stream of water, and th gathere called a it now con the "pies bringing t " marver gathering" ti therer then proceeds to th a plement was originalk flat slab of marble being employed . , lee of polished ea4t iron,) he rolls 'rout to a blunt point is rolled, or. " tnarvered," in the same manner as the front, until a peculiar pear shape is obtained, which ex perictee has proved to"- be the best form for glass of this black crape, and otherwise disguised. Two of the r°° 'd' entered the outer kitchen or north, and one of tben',o4, dressed the inmates, saying, " I'm h ar d up , ando some money ;" to which a y oung man o f t h e Oa u 'rei' Richard Seddon, brother-in-law t o M r . Ty r er, ref ' ," " I've sixpence," but the man rejoined he woul d 1 ; 0 More than that.' The oth er man said, " They are 100 do at us," end ordered hi s compan i on to t urn hi s boy"' 0t latter of whom instantly presented and fired a pistoo), the young man Sedd on , th e con t en t s o f w hi c h perfo r dP both his cheeks; the same discharge inflicting a dr e° e irr wound on the forehead of an Irishman who is in ploy of Mr. Tyrer. The pistol was charged shot, and slugs. Whilst this was taking place. Hurst, the s ervan t- man . w h o wa s tinting in defenc e ' te struck on the head by one of the other robbers, w i l'og e l now entered, and fell to the floor, but after reco vvl, 4 l little, he grasped one of the villains. by the legs and 1;00: him down. The robber called upon one of his O it tie` nions to shoot him, to do which he hesitated , but e ft t l i e he or one of the gang struck him a second. blow % head, which inflicted a dreadful wound and render' 40;1 quite insensible. The robbers next proceeded. to 5;,,019 the female servants, front one of whom they took tl r itig faded brown cntton purse. containing some steel ettlC, and 2s. 6d. in silver, and Is. out of her pocket , tO5 ( , with a Quantity of grocery bills from Robinson's , ° pr e c i verpool, and also a bunch of keys, with which titcY tended up stairs, taking the two females with then' t ' o o ( unlocked the drawers of the desk. from which they tied round with tape, coot' • - w . From another set of chewers they . e 5 tr the villains then decamped, taking with •-001 , mounted in brass and partly in steeTry stock, which is slightly cracked and s plit. t. 10 0; left behind them the ramrod, and also a ramrod u e t i oro ing to one of their pistols (apparently, that of a hoe) pistol), and a shepherd's cap. The floor of the 0 0 was covered with blood, and the young men, Seddlpir Hurst, are in a most dangerous state. As yet th ere have not been detected: ' green knitted pn £ll in go Ll. fowlin an 1.1 -piece , l er o h e Per (2f ai t t o b thi s Pre s ton, t 11,4 .te t T l Aron Dar n and o n ton do4hd tj e :' I firdbf Iv an dais)mop, m o . ar e atr, )4, the Jett th e Aa r are to her