The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-09-21 00:00:00

THEATRE-ROYAL, LIVERPOOL. For the BENEFIT of Mr. MACKAY, and the Last Night of his Engagement. Fifth Night of Mr COOPER. THIS present FRIDAY, September 21, 1838, will be performed Morton's Drama of TOWN AND COUNTRY. Reuben Glenroy Mr. Cooper. Peter Trot Mr. Mackay Rev. Owen Glenroy Mr. Gray. Captain Glenroy Mr. W. Howard. Coley Mr. Raker I Plastic Mr. Chaplin. Honourable Mrs. Glenrov ..Miss Cleaver. Rosalie Miss Faucit. Mrs. Trot.... Mrs. Clarke I Taffiine ....Miss Grant. After which, an Interlude, from St. Roman's Well, called THE CLEIKUM INN. Mrs. Margaret Dodds ..(the Landlady)..Mr. Mackay, 14 which character he will sing "There cam' a young Man to my Daddie's Door." To conclude with a new Farce, never acted here, called the TWA GiIAiSTS. Donald Mr. Mackay, Spout Mr. Baker. Jenny Mrs. 'Pellet. Cu RATURDA - Y, the Tragedy of OTHELLO. Othello, r . Cooper; lago, Mr. Stuart ; Cassio, Mr. W. Howard ; R?derigo, Mr. Chaplin; Desdernona, Miss Faucit; Emilia, Mug Cleaver. To conclude with the Comic Pantomime of HARLEQUIN IN SICILY. Harlequin, Mr. J. Ridg l'aY; Clown, Mr. T. Ridgway; Pantaloon, Mr. Jonas; Columbine, Mrs. J. Ridgway. MORRIS BARN grr, of the St. James' Theatre, Londo n , is engaged for FIVE NIGHTS, and will make his first appearance this season, on MONDAY next, in his Popular character of MONSIEUR JACQUES. THEATRE-ROYAL. FOR THE BENEFIT OF MR. W. H. BLAND. iglath Night of Mr. COOPER, of the Theatre-Royal, Drury. lane. Third Night of Mr. MORRIS BARNETT, of the St. James's Theatre. ()N WEDNESDAY next, the 28th instant, when will be performed Lord Byron's Tragedy of \V E RN E Gabor Werner.... (first time) ....Mr. Stuart. Mr. W. H. Bland. Josephine .... Miss Cleaver. I Idonstein SINGING AND DANCING. To conclude with a new Farce (never acted here) called THE STATION HOUSE. Millefteurs....(a Frenchman) Mr. M. Barnett. Tickets to be had of Mr. BLAND, 32, Hawke-street, Brownlow-hill, and at the Box-office. TO CORRESPONDENTS. The letter of "Benjamin Stokes" cannot be inserted--it should have been addressed to the Editor of this paper. It is left at our publisher's. Zbe iLibtrpool ,Stantiarb. FRIDAY MORNING, SEP7'. 21, 1838. o :7' The Publication of the STANDARD commenced this morning at 5 o'clock. Tint WEST INDIES.—By her Majesty's packet Pan der; which arrived at Falmouth on the 15th instant, we have received advices and papers from the West Indies to the 25th ultimo. The dates reach down to the 16th ult. from Jamaica, to the 11th from Barba does, to the 25th from St. Thomas', and to the 27th of July from Demerara. The only news of importance brought by this packet is, the account of the final e mancipation of the apprentices on the Ist of August. This event, which has been the cause of the most in tense anxiety among all persons interested in the Waits of our West Indian colonies, seems to have Passed off satisfactorily on the whole. We are con• cerned to add that Jamaica, the most important island of all, forms an exception to this statement. From the very contradictory reports contained in t he Papers which have reached us we find it extremely difficult to give any thing like an impartial statement of facts relating to the abrogation of the apprentice ship. These journals, advocating as they do different and, at the same time, conflicting interests, treat of the subject in such exaggerated terms, that we can adopt no better plan than that of submittin g to our readers such extracts as seem to us most faithful and dispas sionate, without any reference to their political bear ing. From Jamaica we have received a private com munication, in which the conduct of the Governor, the stipendiary magistrates, and the Baptist missionaries is very strongly impugned. We are likewise informed that the negroes on many estates had refused to work at all, insisting upon a much higher rate of wages than could possibly be afforded by the planters. In this determination they were chiefly encouraged by the Baptist missionaries, among whom we learn that the Rev. Mr. Knibb is an active agitator. This gen tleman holds out a threat that, unless his extravagant demands are forthwith complied with, he will come over to England to procure a redress of the "wrongs" Under which he asserts the negroes are suffering. We have repeatedly expressed our conviction that the abo litionists would not rest satisfied with the mere anni hilation of slavery in the West Indies. Recent events belie strengthened this impression. We have every reason for believing that a fresh series of annoyances and acts of persecution will be commenced against the Planters, who have been already brought to the verge of ruin by the aggressive proceedings of those who assume to themselves the character of " friends of the eegro," There is even , reason to apprehend that the enactment of a code of sumptuary laws, to regulate th e wages of the negroes, will be one of the first ob jects which these parties will seek to accomplish. The unr easonableness of such a proposition, however, is so eeltevident, and its gross injustice so glaring, that we trust the legislature of Great Britain will never con lent to its becoming a law. What would be thought of an attempt to interfere in like manner between em- P lO yers and workmen in this country? Would it not be pronounced at once an act of the most insane ty ranny ? Would it not be scouted by every rational subje c t ? Yet such is the plan which the Baptist mis sionaries and other incendiaries in the island of Ja. I nkica have distinctly avowed their intention of carry• it le into effect. In advocating a high rate of wages, and advising the negroes to desist from working until t hese demands are complied with, the negro must ne eessarily be the greater sufferer. Indeed, the condi tion of the negro, in every respect, is now much worse tokn it was under the apprenticeship, when they were Coder no degree of anxiety as to the maintenance of themselves and their families. Many of them have b een already compelled to acknowledge that this is the ea se- Respecting the motives of the agitators who Ir e slow endeavouring to influence them it is painful t° 'Teak plainly. The dissenting ministers in Ja 11aiea have been hitherto very liberally supported by the negroes, who, unless rewarded by a much higher r ate i of wages th an i s j us tifi e d by the circumstances of th e Planters, cannot contribute so largely towards the maintenance of these individuals. Thus, we are con fidently informed by severa l o f th e journals which we hav e received, is the secret motive which prompts i benl to exact for the negroes an extravagant remune ration fur their labours. One of the most serious evils apprehended as a con negaence o f t h e comp l ete emanc i pat i on o f t h e negroes i th e "squatting" system." It is feared that govern ment may be prev a iled up o n to grant large portions of the unin c l ose d l an d s, espec i a ll y i n J ama i ca, to b e cul tivated by th e negroes . Thi s wou ld i nev it a bly l ea d to the ruin o f t h e p l anters, as i t i s we ll k nown t h at t h e indolent habit s o f th e negroes wou ld l ea d th em t o pre fer the cult ure o f a plot of land sufficient for their own mainte nance to the task of l a bouring for the joint be nefit of the planter. In a climate so favourable as that of th. West Indies, blessed with a soil so spontane ously prolifi c , i t would requ i re very li tt l e exert i on on e NM of the negroes to sa ti s fy their own wants. Thi s i is abundantly proved by the example of St. Do illing°, wher e t h e i n h a bi tants are p rover bially idl e . T° the subdi v i s i on of propert i es a f ter th e s y s t em o f eri i n " Cottage Allotment" plan, so extensively adopt ,' n several parts of England, we d o no t see an y efo und formid a bl e objection. This system h as b een eminently successful in this country, and we have no doubt t h at it might be introduce d i nto t h e est Indies with very great advantage to both the tt PPla ters and their labourers, if the latter should give the their preference. In England it has conduced to leas improvement of the soil in a very high degree. It Stl 0 tended to raise the character of the labouring Population, by presenting a stimulus to increased dili gence : whilst the landlords who have patronised the system have realised a larger income from their es tates than if let in large farms. Another great bene fit which has accrued from this plan is, the striking diminution of the poor -rates in those districts into which it has been introduced. This system, we confidently believe, might be safely and advantageously intro duced into the West Indies, under such regulations as would ensure the interest of the holder of the soil. Indeed, we gn3 that some of the planters have al ready determined upon its adoption. But to the plan of "squatting upon the crown lands" we believe there • are insuperable objections, and we sincerely trust that the scheme may be frustrated. Respecting the unwillingness of the negroes to work, and the demand for a high rate of wages upon which some of them insist, under the instructions of their pretended friends, we find a very excellent sum mary of news in the Times of Tuesday last. That journal treats of this subject in the following terms : "Jamaica was in a state of some excitement, mote particularly on the north side, through the disinclina tion of the negroes to work, and disputes with their masters about the rate of wages to be paid in future since the total emancipation on the Ist. A great deal of coffee was ready for picking, but likely to be lost, it was said, from want of hands. The strike about wages seemed to be almost general in that district, and some Baptist ministers were loudly accused, it may be hoped on report only, of being the instigators of the blacks, two of them being named as having used very strong and exasperating languages in their discourses, advising the negroes to "let the canes rot upon the field, and the ships go home in ballast," sooner than take less than 2s. 6d. a-day ; and one of ,diem was said to have "dared his hearers to lift a hoe" I under that sum. On the south side of the island, and to windward, the agitation was not so conspicuous, but there was an almost total cessation from labour. The domestic negroes in the towns, or non-predials, were stated to be equally indolent and ungrateful in their demeanour towards their masters." Respecting the otter colonies, the same journal re marks:—" The accounts from Barbados to the 12th ult., and from Demerara to the 28th of July, are much of the same tenour with respect to the discontented and even threatening aspect of the enfranchised black population. It had been judged expedient in Jamaica to publish an act passed in February last for the sup pression of riots and seditious meetings, but not pre viously made known, enforcing certain penalties of transportation where twelve or more persons should continue assembled after due warning and reading the act by the authorities On the question of wages, the planters themselves appear to be greatly undecided, and differ widely with respect to the rate of wages to be offered. In Demerara, the wages variously pro• posed as a standard rate range from three dollars to eight dollars per month, with allowance as usual, or according to a certain scale of food, lodging, clothing, and medical assistance. In one instance a planter proposed to pay ten dollars per month for the old scale of nine hours daily work, with a house for each family, as much land as could be cultivated in the extra time, and medical attendance for every effective labourer. Payment proportionate to be made for extra or over hours work, with deductions in the same ratio when ever the work performed shall fall short of the agree ment. The Trinidad papers are to the Sth of August. The termination of the apprenticeship took place there on the Ist, according to the decision of the council, adverted to on a former occasion, and was celebrated, as in the other colonies, as a day of thanksgiving. The negroes, so far, according to the papers, had not shown any particular spirit of insubordination. Some animadversions are made on the conduct of the govern ment, which, only one week before the emancipation was decreed, had issued a proclamation to the negroes, enjoining obedience to the apprenticeship law until its expiration in 1840. The general rate of wages agreed upon in Trinidad was 3s. per day, with the usual al lowance of salt fish, a home, and ground for the culti vation of provisions. It is proper to add, however, that private letters do not speak so favourably of the conduct of the emancipated apprentices. " From the Ist to the morning of the sth of August," says one of these, " scarcely a sufficient number of persons could be got to procure grass for the stock on some estates at Naparima." On several estates none went to work in the fields. Some of those removed from cocoa to sugar cultivation were returning by gangs to their old quarters. Many large properties were said to re main without labourers, and a great falling off in pro duction was anticipated." " From Grenada, on the 9th and Ilth of August, it is stated in private letters that no disposition to work was evinced by the negroes, and that eleven days had already been spent in idleness. These accounts it may be hoped are somewhat exaggerated, so far as the apprehensions expressed for the future, by the fears and anxieties of the writers, not, under the circum stances, unaccountable. It may be hoped that after a short time the excitement natural on passing from a state of qualified slavery to one of entire freedom may wear off, and that the exercise of good temper and sound discretion on the pact of the planters may bring about a more harmonious agreement about the rate of wages and the hours of work, which will be, no doubt, the sorest part of the subject. In several cases, where the negroes ,had refused to work at all in Jamaica, they still retained, and insisted on retaining, posses sion of their houses and grounds, under some mis taken notion of right. But when they shall be unde ceived, it is probable that, rather than quit, they will be the more readily disposed to come to terms with their old masteis." The Times of Wednesday has the following further remarks on the same subject :—" From the deep in terest naturally attaching to the state of the West India colonies at the moment when the late accounts came away, and the communication to-day of a variety of private and confidential correspondence from several of the islands, a recurrence to tile subject may not be unseasonable. It may be observed, that accounts from different islands not only differ from each other in various particulars, but even the same difference exists in letters written from distinct localities in the same island. The individual character of the planters and the more or less degree of harshness with which the negroes have been formerly treated in their capa cities as slaves or apprentices must, of course, exer cise no inconsiderable influence upon their present and future conduce. The mere unwillingness to set to work in the first days of their deliverance from bondage ought not to create surprise, much less alarm ; in that respect they are acting only "like overgrown children," whose school days are over, to whom holy days are a novelty, having become their own masters for the first time, with no possible curb to reduce them to working discipline but that necessity which is the only certain inducement to industry with the people of all countries and colours. Under the actual circum stances of the negoes, it would appear to be only a question therefore of somewhat more time. Some not-unaccountable misconceptions were current among them, which might serve also to retard an adjustment of working contracts, for the negroes believed that if they went into the fields and resumed work they would be bound in another apprenticeship for seven years. This arose, no doubt, from the fact, vaguely under stood, that once having contracted with the planters for a price and a period specified, they could be com pelled by summary process to fulfil the stipulation, which, with their confined views of the nature of a legal obligation, would naturally appear tantamount to a re-enactment' of the apprenticeship. The conduct of some of the masters was not of a nature calculated to correct these rude misconceptions, or to soothe the remains of irritation arising out of past treatment. One of the letters from Barbados, from a party whose bias would be with those of his own order, confesses that a great deal of bad feeling is brought to bear against them (the negroes) by prejudiced proprietors, and many have turned the people out of their houses for not working the very day after the Ist of August. All this is bad, and detrimental to all interests, being sufficient to disgust and annoy the mass of labourers.' Assuredly this was not the way considerate men would have acted at a moment when the great object should have.been, by more than ordinary allowance for the first moments of a pardonable enthusiasm and excite ment, gradually to have calmed and brought down the emancipated blacks to their ordinary habits of labour. The writer of a sensible letter from St. Vincent's, of the 7th August, who seems by no means inclined to view the prospects of the planters in a very flattering light, from various other causes, thus expresses him self with respect to the negroes :—‘ Theist of August, when our population, hitherto apprentices, was de clared free, passed over peaceably and orderly, giving good evidence of the very improved condition and moral character of the negro. The price offered by the planter, however,—viz., Is. 6d. per day, (this cur rency,) for all (query able?) persons, and is. Od. re spectively for second and third class people, with use of house and provision grounds, and medical atten dance, has been rejected by Quashee as insufficient, and at present even those estates which had come under agreement to this effect have not been able to induce the people to work. Combination is evident, and some time, at all events, will ensue before matters are adjusted. I sincerely hope the new system will work well, but our landed proprietor has much to con- .end with. Ido not regret having no stake in such property.' " ‘• As the same indisposition to resume work, and the same differences on the question of wages, were ap parent in all the islands at the same time, without the possibility of concert and intercommunication, on the termination of the apprenticeship, the combination, if any such really existed, which does not seem improba ble, must have been arranged beforehand, and through other agency than that of the blacks themselves, who must clearly be incompetent to transactions so compli cated. It must not, however, be forgotten, that the conduct of the negroes in the Crown colonies, where the intention of total emancipation was kept profoundly secret, and even the contrary resolution of letting the apprenticeship run out its legal term made manifest and officially published within a week of the decree of emancipation, was in all circumstances precisely simi lar to that of their brethren elsewhere, with whom they could have held no communication, as not expecting to be placed in the same position. "The state of affairs in Trinidad, one of these Crown colonies, is represented by a respectable resi dent by no means in the same gloomy colours as given in the papers. In this letter, dated on the 10th of August, he says, "The Ist of August was a high church day throughout the colony for thanksgiving and prayer. The labouring classes generally went to their work on the Monday following ; the wages are 3s. currency, or about is. 2d. sterling per day; some give 31b. of fish in addition per week, and others do not. Nothing could be more orderly than their conduct and behaviour have been since the lst. I was instrumental in carry ing the measure, and now that it is done, people begin to be satisfied with the plan that has been adopted, and which has prevented anarchy, confusion, and a passive resistance, under which we should have been compelled to do that which we have now done of our own free good will, and we have parted good friends to meet each other on a new and, I am satisfied, better system." From what follows it will appear the writer was no partisan of the abolitionists, but it may be useful to quote it as a fair specimen of the sentiments of his class in the colony, and not, therefore, unworthy of attention. It is undoubtedly desirable now, for the promotion of peace and the best interests of all concerned on both sides, that no undue and prejudicial interference should be exerted between the planter and his workpeople. He continues—" But will the government now let us alone ? I think some of the fanatics who have nothing to lose will be hatching some new plots against us; they will not cause the government to prohibit the importa tion of sugar from slave countries; no, that would touch their pockets : but the government now ought to foster, and not to harass, the inhabitants of the West Indies. It (the emancipation of the Ist) will make a difference to me of £5OO sterling for the first year, but then the system will be better and no heart burnings." The recriminatory expressions, and the indirect attack against the admission of foreign slave grown sugar, are excusable, as hasty ebullitions in a moment of excitement ; but it is not the less true that if the West India colonies are not to be thrown away, the great interests involved in their well-being are entitled toall possible protection at the hands of govern ment short of the sacrifice of other interests not less valuable. "Jamaica, according to the public accounts, ap peared to be in the greatest agitation of any island, yet there really seemed no cause for despair, as the following extract of a letter to his correspondent at Kingston from an extensive proprietor and attorney (agent) in the parish of St. Thomas- in-the-Vale would show : "' We are now on the Bth of the month (August,) and not a person at field labour in the parish on sugar estates. The people are mad, and I think likely to continue so until all their money is gone. They are quite aware that they ate liable fir rent, but would rather decline paying any. They talk of ss. a-day for wages; it will be some tune ere the re sources of this fine colony are developed at this rate, but I agree with you that the blacks are likely to beciome a fine peasantry by and by, when they understand their new and true position. Alas ! for our canes in the meantime; while the grass (weeds) grows the canes die."' "A prominent subject of uneasiness in all these letters and accounts is the diminished amount of pro duction which may be feared in succeeding years under the new system, and the impossibility of competing in prices with foreign sugars, from the high wages likely to be demanded by the negroes and paid, coupled with the reduced bounty on the export of refined sugar,—a measure, it is observed, which, however, the rates of wages will reach their fair level, and the expenses of the manufacture of sugar, all former incidental casual ties allowed for, will be found probably not to exceed the proportion in the days of slave labour." At Jamaica it was stated that the negroes on the Marquess of Sligo's property had struck for wages, and declared that they would not return to labour unless they received 2s. 6d. or 3s. per day. This affords a striking proof the sort of popularity enjoyed by a "liberal lord." The Marquess has contributed, perhaps, more than any other individual to bring about the emancipation of the apprentices—and he now meets with his reward. Complaints are made in all the colonies of the scar city of small change, and the necessity for a large sup ply to be provided by government from home, now that so much would be wanted for wages. The Bank of British Guiana appears to have pros pered considerably, and had declared a dividend of 6 per cent., after leaving a rest of per cent. on their subscribed capital. Fifty per cent. of the capital of that bank had been paid upon 6000 shares, and every confidence appears to be placed in the institution. We subjoin a few extracts from the various \Vest Indian journals: — ( From the Royal Gazette of Atty. 4.) FREEDOM.—The Jubilee is past. That day so dreaded by all connected with the British West India Colonies —when the grand national experiment, of liberating hundreds of thousands of bondsmen, and allowing them to enter into all the privileges of freemen, is happily passed away. The last remnant of slavery has been dissipated, and as time waits for no man, as it glides swiftly and regularly 00, so the hour on which slavery was to cease, approached , arrived, went, and the next how beheld our people freemen in every sense of the word. Thank God! there is no restriction, nothing to fetter the liberated slave. He is free to roam where the canopy of heaven overhangs the British dominions—he is free us the eagle on the wing, and no man can c ontroul him —his fetter s are unbound, broken, sn apt asunder, by the wisdom of our legislature—and he is now only amenable to the laws of God and his country. HE FF.sTivrriEs.—Early on the afternoon of the 31st of July, our usually quiet city began to be in commotion, and numerous parties were seen proceeding to the Race Course, to inspect the preparations for the festivities of the evening. Towards dusk a large concourse of the rabble collected to gether, and with fife and dinar, and two or three flags, pro ceeded from the Parade to the Race Course, where, soon after, rockets were sent up, and fire-works exhibited for the amusement of the peop le ; a very excellent transparency was shown, and a miserable attempt at such a thing was also ex hibited on the Parade. Towards ten o'clock, almost all had retired, some to court the sleeping God, others to the chapels, to watch the hour when freedom shou id be ushered in, and no vestige of slavery remain in Jamaica, while a few kept la !la ! ! iny, to the disturbance of the more sober citizens, with their noise. The 2d, like the day before, was still and silent as the grave. Towards midday, however, our late apprentices and crowds of people were again seen approaching the scene of festivity. The Ist of August came, and the sun which rose that morning shed its lustre on a free country. All was hushed as the Sabbath, and the Church bell gave warning that the House of God was open, to allow all ranks to return thanks, and give praise for the glorious day. The day passed in quietness—the churches and chapels were well attended, and nothing but the occasional burst of those who: hod been re galed and were making merry towards the evening seemed to interrupt the calm and peaceful state of the city. (From the Royal Gazette of Aug.ll.) THE STATE. OF THE ISLAND.-It IS with sincere regret that we have this week to deplore the lamentable state of ex citement which pervades some districts of the country, and the perverseness and obstinacy which betrays itself in the minds of most of our people. Goaded as they are by those who ought to preach peace and forbearance, we cannot but condemn in the most severe terms the manner which the Baptist missionaries have conducted themselves, at a period when they ought to have been most guarded in preventing those over whom they have the most unbounded sway to act otherwise than in a manner in which no blanw could have been attached to them. But what is the state of the island? From almost every parish, accounts have been received of the total cessation from labour. And from what cause? The exorbitant demand for excessive wages. In almost every parish 2s. 61., 3s. 4d., or ss. a day is de manded, wages which could only be afforded by proprietors making 3,4, or 500 hogsheads of sugar under the most favor able circumstances—while those making 100 or 150 must be thrown up. Were it even possible to suppose the people could hold out for high wages, and that the planter would have to give i;a, the only manner in which it would be vostri ble for the planter to exist, would be, by a complete rednc tion of the duties on sugar, without which he would be ruined. This is not, however, at present the question. We have made such extracts from the Northside Papers as will show the excited and alarming state of the parish of Trelawny; besides which our private letters state, " that Mr. Oughton (a Baptist Minister) has publicly told the people to let the canes rot upon the field and the ships go home in ballast, sooner than take one 'farthing less than 2s. 6d. per diem—and a congregation of 1500 men, heard a Minister of the Gospel speak in the most disrespectful terms of the proprietors at home, and dare his members to lift a hoe under 2s. 6d. a day." Now we ask, is this a prudent course fur it Minister of the Gospel, one who ought to he a messenger of peace, to pursue. We deprecate such conduct. We denounce the conduct of the Bev. Gen tlemen, Messrs. Knibb and Oughton, as fraught with the ut most danger to this island, and what ow , ht to engage the at tention of her Majesty's government. We understand that those Ministers who advocate the course of peace and forbear ance, are unheeded and held up 44 ridicule and abuse. In fact we have it from the best authority, that even Mr. Bor chelt is ashamed of and reprobates the conduct of his Bre thren on the Nor thside of the island. It is said, that the ex• citeinent at this tune occasioned by the addresses of Oueiton, is tremendous, and quite equal to that of Air. Knibb. (From the Jamaica Despatch, Aug 6.) We have received a letter from St. Mary's, stating that many of the apprentices on a great number of the estates here have knocked off working for the two last weeks, and are going about in a state of idleness. • (From a Jamaica Paper of the 10th of August.) We have received the following information from a cor- respondent on whom we can rely, respecting the properties in the neighbourhood of Montego Bay. It would appear that the greater number of the negroes have not yet resumed their work in consequence, no doubt, of the ideas crammed into their heads by the daring religious agitators of that district. ESTATES AT %YORK John's Hall, Worcester; Retirement, Fairfield; Catherine Mount, Rouge; Catherine Hall, Providence. The apprentices on these properties are working away cheerfully without knowing what remuneration they shall receive. On the following properties the men have refused to work for less than ls. Bd. per day; some stand out for 2s. fid.; Potosi, Sutherland; Flamstead, Newman, Hull; Spring Mount, Latrum; Wiltiainsfield, Logan ; Kirkpatrick, Leyden; Moir Park, Glasgow; Unity flail, Porto Bello. (Front the Jamaica papers of the 1-Ith of August.) The all-engrossing subject at the present moment is the hire demanded by the labouring population, and their re fusal in some pats of the island to ►esume their labour except on exotbitant terms; the excitement continues, and we ►e gret to perceive that one of the journals of this city is dis posed to create alarm in the mother country, by the doleful tales which it puts forth, and the uncheering prospects it holds forth to the proprietors ofJamaica property. The post has arrived and brought us intelligence from various parts of the island of the manner in which the Ist of August has passed off. As was expected, all was quiet and peaceable, and there was less of noisy mirth than might have been anticipated on such an occasion. We learn from a geutie►aan who has returned from Man chester and Clarendon, that in the former parish the appren tices refused to labour for less than 2s. Gd, per day, and that the fields are foul, and the coffee fast ripening; the prospects of the planters are therefore gloomy. From Clarendon the intelligence is gratifying; the people are reasonable, and ac cept terms. The excitement and rejoicing consequent upon the arrival of the great day—the day of freedom—are over, and we begin to experience the languor and lassitude which generally fol low in their trains. The Jamaica Despatch says, . _ Every fresh account from the country is unsatisfactory. A gentleman just returned from the country has supplied us with most unfavourable reports. In Manchester scarcely a soul had returned to field-labour, awl in Clarendon, although the head cattlemen had been offered twenty pounds a-year, their houses, grounds, medical attendance, and promised four as sistants, which offer they had accepted, still they had left the properties, and have not since shown their faces. In the latter parish the coffee-fields were in twins, the berries dropping on the ground, and the pimento ready for gathering, but no hands could be procured to reap the harvest. Sr. MARY'S.—(Extriiet from a letter to a merchant.)—The holidays have passed over with extreme quiet and order. have not heard of any rioting. 1 have forty people at work, and all the rest promise to be out on Monday. I give 2s. 61. per day for able hands, getting 55., or two clays' labour for houses, gat dens, and medical attendance. Ido not know a single other estate where they have turned out yet, and I have made very general inquiries. A correspondent of the same paper Mites thus : Though long prior to the Ist of August we had our mis givings respecting the practicability of conducting estates under free labour, still we had hopes that the negroes, after enjoying a holiday of a few days, would le-commence their work for reasonable wages, but in this, I regret to say, ~Ne have been grievously disappointed; for so far from meeting the liberal offers of their former toasters, they maintain a dogged sullenness of disposition — making no' reply to our offers, or giving any indication of a desire to work. Nothing but ruin to the proprietois can be the consequence in the north side, from Mauchioneal to Rio Ilueno, in which exten sive district, the canes are absolutely rotting in the fields— allthe planters would give high wages that this cnip might be saved, but to continue cultivation at such rates as we would give for three mouths, for this special purpose, is absolutely impossible. Many estates, as is well known, were doing little more than paying their contingencies under the old system—affording, a bale subsistence to the proprietors—how then are properties, making one hundred to one hundred and fifty hogsheads of sugar, to pay money wages to the extent of 1:1,5 - 00 to £2,500 per annum, and large estates will be as high as £5,000? It is utterly impossible, and the conse quences must be, that many properties will be thrown out of cultivation, and the proprietors for ever ruined. The following is from the West Indian, Barbadoes paper, of August 2: — The conduct of the new "free men" yesterday, we rejoice to say, was most gratifying. The churches and places of worship throughout the island were thronged by them at an early hour, and many could not obtain admission, although every accommodation Which could be offered them was placed at their disposal. The sermon, a most excellent one, at the Cathedral, was preached by the Lord Bishop. His Excel lency the Governor and suite attended divine service at the Cathedral—on his arrival and departure receiving the usual compliments from the flank companies of the Royal Regi ment. (From the Barbadoes Papers of the 7th of Aug. to the 13th.) "No intelligence has reached us from the country since our last, bad or indifferent. With regaid to the condition of the estates, we have for some ;ime been hearing of the wretched state of many of them, from the continued indispo sition of the negroes during several months to labour. A lamentable prospect awaits us, if this be the fact. Every ne cessary of life is already dear in town, and we may look fur worse things ere long." The length of our present article precludes us from noticing several other interesting topics connected with the present prospects of the West Indies. We shall recur to the subject. POPISH TYRANNY IN NEWFOUNDLAND. — In another column will be found the details of an atrocious system of persecution adopted by the Papist rabble of the Newfoundland House of Assembly. It is impossible to peruse these accounts without a feeling of irrepres sible disgust at the abominable conduct of the mis creants who have been suffered, for so long a period, to insult and trample upon the Protestant population of that colony. The unprecedented acts of oppres sion and injustice of which these Popish despots have been guilty ought to be introduced to the notice of the House of Commons as soon as it meets, and the per petraors of these monstrous deeds of persecution should be visited with condign punishment. The atrocities detailed in the acounts which we have last received from that colony are of too glaring and villanous a character to be suffered to pass off quietly. is it not a scandalous affront to the Sovereign of these realms, that the Chief Justice—the representative of her Ma jesty on the bench—should be dismissed from his office for doing his duty faithfully and conscientiously—dis missed without trial, and at the mandate of a set of raffish and seditious Popish priests ? Is it not a shame that one of her Majesty's subjects should be deprived of his liberty for merely attempting to vindicate his character ? What will the Protestants of England say when they learn that the Popish priests, who are paid by the colonial authorities, actually celebrated their factious triumph over the Protestant interest by aTe Deana ? What will our countrymen say when they learn that these blasphemous wretches cursed their Protestant fellow-subjects front the altar? What will be thought of the condition of Newfoundland, when it is known that a judge was openly assaulted, and, with the sheriff; dragged to the common gaol for issuing a writ of habeas corpus, and a warrant in favour of the liberty of the subject ? Is this a state of things that ought to be any longer tolerated ? In addition to the details furnished in another co lumn, we find the following in a Newfoandland paper of the 24th of August:— The Chief Justice of this colony is now and has been for some months past in England for the purpose of answering the infamous charges which the Ilouse of Assembly of New foundland has dared to prefer against him; but what has been the conduct of the pries.s Sunday after Sunday with re spect to that individual who stands so high in the estimation of all the respectable inhabitants. In the presence of his amiable wife, who has regularly pet fottued her devotions in the chapel, they have poured out the grossest abuse, and upon last Sunday, when information bud been received that the chief justice would not again return to this colony, Father Troy observed at first mass:— " I have ordered a Te- Deum after each of the masses tore. join ill turn God lh e thanks for er,fi,r the removal hewas of tried a Boulton, nd etl de e h i op i,ae and de mostw• shamefully con demned. Every other country has had its scourge from Heaven, the cholera morbus, or some other pestilence, but we had worse than all ; we had Boulton, the greatest of all pestileuces. That is the reason we shall have the hymn of thanksgiving for the removal of the greatest of scourges. Now," observed Troy, "let him go to the Canadas, that he helped to set in a blaze!" Father Walsh, at second mass, gave a lengthy discourse on the same subject, in language the most coarse and vulgar; and, as it would appear, delighted in doing so, as Mrs. Boul ton was present. He c oncluded his " sermon" with the fol lowing pious and holy prayer:— " May the curse of God and the congregation pursue and e attend flit : ( ,a J giol u dli) d sni g eidt e :.irvg ß sint;i o cag u ui: l it t et o ,Fi t itk ) , Lt t i t hiNs t conduct )r i nia it i,z i sh, e ek ai n di: t is s t eig(tßii l l,aieoee l hotrelrneeuigeniri N r:us l taa:h a ll,at)tnil y Nts,is,,totkj t tuh‘r:t h ni vengeance of heaven fall on the devoted head of that wretch, e t r. n her l and lady, he er to be who sent some before their Maker before their time, and who robbed von of your wages, and who would rob you of yout lives if he could! !" Mrs. Boulton, well accustomed to similar language from thel,re injured j(l:trieerihieeleill(al than, r, left the, chapel and stepped into her carriage, h de a ch as ome en t ):a h ui e d. honestly tii o administered the laws e ( (pi) ) i f readjoi l e i rl s eelelrdt c wil , v ) evh u rtea t i ritsasrk,hty. attentively grlo s tiTsvg l au s ttyleti b s,n, aiietluithslngsdedi to ti t :h o t) liu;id : , 1 11: o tieol . e ily il I order Ge t her re coachman), horsewhip ng (addressing o t the people, " Are you listening to that intended divine, one Cummins, then came running from th e Pal s a sh : ei e ra (ulans,t iswill g s o t . y 1 e:1 Edward) c drive her away." Mrs. Boohoo said, " No, when I have "anythingfini nut but that. " You are addressed by a minister of the living God," said Walsh. A minister of the living God would not do as you have done this morning—desecrated the altar dedicated to that God, in invoking maledictions on the head of inv innocent husband. May the curses you call down upon him not fall upon your own guilty self. lam about. to take my departure from you all, to go to my friends, where I can find clergyanen worthy of the name, who will be glad to receive me with open arms, and will not insult either me or my husband, like the Ca tholic clergy of St. John's, Newfoundland." Mrs. Boulton having thus nobly spoken, drove oft Many of her auditors had melted into tears. Father Walsh, after Mrs. Boulton's departure, again issued from the "Palace" with a stick in his hand, exclaiming, " It's well she went!" At third mass, Father Morris, who but a few days ago ar rived from Halifax, and who was a perfect stranger to this community, said— " After 'miss the Te Deuna will be sung in thanksgiving fur the removal of Judge Boutton from this. I presume," said this stranger, "that many of you will not be sorry for it." Here is a specimen of Popery rampant and trimaph ing over Protestantism. Such scenes as these would be also of daily occurrence in Ireland, if the Popish priests dared to offer such insults to the Protestants. It is fear alone that prevents Ireland from becoming another Pandenzoniunz like Newfoundland. When will the Protestants of this country awake to a sense of the dangers by which they are surrounded ? When will they unite as one man to resist the tyrannical encroachments of the Church of Rome upon their liberties ? THE CHURCH IN CANADA.—In our last we published a very interesting address from the Rev. William Bett ridge, on behalf of the Protestant population of the Canadas. The statement of facts contained in that document is entitled to the serious consideration of every one who wishes well to the interests of the Established Church, and who is anxious to promote the spiritual welfare of his fellow subjects; especially when it is considered that the Whig-radical ministers of the day, in deference to the commands of their Popish masters, have diminished the grant to the clergy of the church in the Canadas to the amount of three thousand pounds. We trust that British generosity will more than supply the deficiency thus created, and provide for our fellow-subjects in those colonies the blessing of an adequate supply of Christian pastors. THE EXHIBITION OF PAINTINGS We redeem our promise, and proceed to give a detailed critical notice of the various paintings in the Exhibition. Unbiassed by any favouritism, we shall give to each painting its fair desert of approbation or censure; premising, that such paintings as scarcely deserve notice, we may pass over, and our charity may sometimes induce us to he silent respect ing those paintings which are remarkable for nothing but defects. We are aware that the task we have undertaken is an arduous one, and one of titne; we shall, however, proceed with the units, undaunted by the hundreds which remain, to give a fair notice of each. No. I. " Portrait of Dr. Raffles," is a good painting, by Illidge, of this town, and, from what we remember of the original, a good likeness. He is represented in the robes of his sacred office. No. 2. " Coast Scene, mouth of the Conway," is a gaudy, bright coloured, tracy painting, of no great merit. No. 3. " The infanteMoses," is like the picture of any other infant. It is a small characterless painting. No. 4. " The Spider's Web," by Mr. J. A. Carey, of Westminster, is a painting of considerable merit. It repre sents two ladies under a v►ne tree, wrapt in admiration of the ingenious and beautiful texture of the out-door spider's web. The faces are well drawn, and the expression natural and good. The drapery over the wall is also cleverly painted. The idea of the painting is taken from Pope's Essay on Man : " The spider's touch how exquisitely fine, Feels at each thread, and lives along the line." No. 5. " The Eagle Rock," appears to be an amateur painting, by the Rev. J. Thompson, of Duddington. It is a dark, ind►stinct daub; and being placed in a bad light, does not at all improve it. No. 6. " Hauxley Sands, Northumberland, with Shrim pers." This is a gaudy, streaky painting, and very stiff. Every thing is as precise about it as ou a newly set out din ner table. . _ No. 7. " The Sultana" represents an Eastern lady's face, as expressionless as can be well conceived. We could scarcely imagine a face so unmeaning. Whether this he the painter's imagination, or his want of art, we do not pretend to say ; but the dauby character of the neck and bosom would induce us to say the latter. The artist can never have stu died the light and shade, and beautiful formation, which na ture has given to the necks and bosoms of the fair daughters of Eve. No. 8. " The Saints' Day," by J. P. Knight, A.R.A., is a really fine painting. The idea is taken from, an ancient' custom, still extant in some parts of England, of the aged inmates of the different almshouses, on part►cular saints' doss and holydays, arranging themselves round a table, on which is a money box, dressed in t heir best, to receive the alms of the charitable. One part of the picture represents a number of ancient females thus arranged. Their various countenances, and that hue, and expression, and complexion which old age, with its "grained face." in its different stages, puts on, are admirably pourtrayed. The rest of the painting is taken up with a group, one a female directing a boy to give a penny to the box, and another boy purchasing fruit. Every part of the painting, which is of large size, is elabo rately and beautifully finished, and betokens great care and pains-taking. Nos. 9, 10, 11, and 12, are small landscape paintings, in differently well executed. No. 13. " Sloop towing on the Medway—light airs and calms," is a small paintint , by Seafotth, the sea painter, and is distinguished by many of his excellencies of style. It is a very sweet painting, and•is a perfect picture of that which it represents. No. 14. " Coast Scene," by 14..fustom, just astonishes us how ii got there. It is a gaudy daub, and the scene devoid of interest. • . . No. 15. " Blackfriars' Bridge, London," by I'. Cresswick, is an elaborately finished painting. The foreground repre sents a busy quay scene, and is very well executed. In the back ground is dimly seen Blackfriars Bridge and great St. Paul's. The colours are rather glaring. . No. 16. " A Looking-glass Reflection," is an exceedingly clever painting, and one of the best in the Exhibition. It represents the interior of a fisherman's cottage, and the aged fisherman, who has been mending his nets, asleep in his chair. Around are scattered the implements of his occupa tion and of the household, and through the window the beams of the sun are streaming. Two or three mischievous urchins have got the looking-glass, and are reflecting the sunbeams upon the old man's face. In another part of the cottage, the fisherman's grown-up daughter is just discovering what they are after, and is chiding them, and warning them to desist. The natural disorder of the interior of the cottage, the mis chievous expression of the faces of the children, the reflec tion of the sunbeams, and their play on the features of the old man, and on a cat asleep on the chimney-piece, are ex ceedingly cleverly painted. N 0.17. "Portraits of Mrs. Samuel Holme and Daughter," is a well executed painting, by Mr. Illidge. No. H. " Near Tal-y-Llyn, Merionethshire," is a pretty bit of Welsh landscape, and well drawn. No. 19. " Amalfi, kingdom of Naples," is a well painted, bold coast scene. 20. " Recollections of Scenery on the Banks of the Wyre," is a lovely landscape view, we suspect coloured by those ad ded charms which recollection is apt to throw around dearly remembered spots, charms which nature has not given to them. It appears to be a fine painting, but is hung too high for very accurate observation. CHANTER AND CO.'S PATENT SMOKE-CONSUMING Fur NACE.—We yesterday had an opportunity of witnessing the new Patent Smoke-consuming Furnace of Messrs. Chanter and Co. working in Messrs. Grantham and Sutton's boiler making yard, who are acting as the agents of Messrs. Chan ter and Co. We saw the furnace of a large boiler supplied with fresh coal, sufficient to produce dense volumes of smoke, and yet the smoke which was vented from the chimney was , not more in quantity than issues from a kitchen chit - nney. The fuel is placed on an inclined plane, and thus falls into the furnace by the force of gravity as fast as it gets consu med. The smoke is then carried over a large surface of fire. and before it arrives at the vent is completely consumed. We have seen several testimonials of the efficiency of the plan as adapted to marine and locomotive as well as to other engines. The saving to locomotive engines is stated to be, very great, as, with this furnace, coals may be advantage ously substituted for coke, and the difference of the cost of the two combustibles is very considerable. Even where coal is used it is stated to be a considerable saving; by creating a more complete combustion of the coal, and a more intense heat, and thus generating steam with greater rapidity. We heartily wish to see the general adoption of some such contri vance to lessen the smoke nuisance which is greatly on the increase with increasing manufactories. "UP TO THE FOREST."-It is by such compositions as " Up to the Forest" that Barnett's fame will be extended to every _ - corner of the civilized world: there is not a passage in this - • • beautiful Cavatin a which does not bear the impress of his tow ering genius: with nature and Mozart (her musical interpre ter) for his models, let him go on producing such music as "Up to the Forest," and he may smile at the puny attacks of his envious and ignorant detractors. We had been wading through some dozen or twenty compositions (?) of the new Italian school, when Barnett's Cavatina first fell under our notice, and to us it was welcome as is the glorious burst of sunshine breaking through the gloomy atmosphere of a No vember day, we felt our weariness depart as we revelled in the beautiful and joyous melodies—the rich and varied com binations of harmony to be found in this charming song: our labour became pleasure, and in the enthusiasm created by this offspring of his genius, we sat down to record our opinions of John Barnett and his Cavatina " Up to the Forest."—Mu steal Gazetteer. TRANSATLANTIC STEAM SHIP COMPANY: THE ROYAL WILLIAM AND THE LIVERPOOL.--We understand that Harold Littledale, Joseph C.. Ewart, and Thomas Booth, Esqrs., have been chosen as a Managing Committee of Di. rectors of the Transatlantic Steam Ship Company in Liver. pool. The Royal William, Captain Swainson, R.N., sailer yesterday at two o'clock, on her second voyage to New York Every berth was engaged. Several berths' are also engaged for the company's steam ship, the Liverpool, Capt. Fayrer, R.N., which will sail on the 20th of OctoJer. Notwithstand ing the accommodations afforded by the steamers, the packet ships continue to obtain a fair number of passengers. NOTICE TO MAniNEas.—We deem it proper to apprize all owners of ships, that by an act of parliament passed last month, they are required, under a penalty of five pounds, to give immediate notice, in writing, to the Collector or Comp troller, at the port of registry, of the loss of any British vessel, or if taken by the enemy, burnt or broken up, or otherwise prevented from returning to the port to which she belongs, or shall have, on any account, lost the privileg,es of a British ship, or shall have been absent from her port of registry for the space of three years, stating the cause of such absence. BAPTISM of CONVERTED JEWS.--We understand that on Sunday evening next, a sermon will be preached in St. Simon's Chapel, Sir Thomas's Buildings, to which the children of the House of Israel are affectionately invited, and on which occasion three additional converted Jews will be admitted by the ordinance of baptism into the Church of England. After the sermon a collection will be made in behalf of the London Society for Promoting Christianity among the Jews.—We are glad to find that a refuge has been opened in this town, in connexion with this excellent society, for the admission of inquiring and converted Jews, where they will obtain temporary relief, when deserted by their brethren. The three converts to be baptised on Sunday, have, we believe, been inmates of this institution. They will make a total of twenty-two baptised in St. Simon's Chapel, under the ministry of the Rev. H. S. Joseph. MARRIAGE HoAx.—ln our last publication, we had a paragraph stating that a cruel hoax had been inflicted on a• young lady of respectable connexions, through the medium of the Liverpool Chronicle, in falsely announcing her mar riage, and that Mr. Ross, one of the proprietors of that paper, imagining he had discovered. the author of the announcement in Mr. William Davies, clerk to Mr. Davies, wine merchant, had applied to the magistrates for a summons against him. We have been informed, however, that Mr. Ross' impression was incorrect, and that some other party has been guilty of this witless hoax. Under these circumstances, therefore, we do not for a moment hesitate to exonerate Mr. Davies from all participation in the transaction; we merely reported Mr. ..Ross' application at the police-office. Whoever may be the person guilty of this assasin-like joke, it is a disgrace to him. THE GREAT MAGICIAN.—Mr. Anderson, whose fame as' the great magician--the extraordinary c onjuror—is already beginning to be widely extended—has had his little theatre, the Liver, nightly crowded. He exhibits some extraordinary feats of legerdemain. We hope, when opportunity offers, to be able to give a more detailed account of his doings. THEATRE-ROYAL.—Last evening, at this theatre, Shak speare's beautiful tragedy of "Macbeth" was represented. The character of Macbeth was performed by Mr. Cooper, of the Theatre-Royal, Drury-lane, who played a hard though not uncommon part—that of regicide and suicide. He most horribly murdered Macduff, and most dreadfully murdered "Macbeth." Verily, he was like a steam-engine piston, which for a day together will go at so many strokes per hour. His whole performance was a mouthing mannerism. Except ing a slight difference in modulation of tone of voice there was no possible. difference in feeling or passion between his first entertainment of the thought of being king, on hearing the prognostication of the weird sisters, his meditation before committing the deed of murder, and soliloquy "Is this a dag ger that I see before me," his remorse after committing the' deed of blood, his horror at beholding Banquo's ghost, his expression ef sorrow and feeling at his wife's death, or in his announced determined and desperate resist ance at the approach of the English forces. All was one monotonous singing: feelin Riess, passionless, expressionless, and cold. It inspired no feeling, and was a mere rehearsal of words. Mr. Cooper has a fine voice, and good elocution; but till he can feel that which he wishes to represent and represents that which he feels he will be no actor. We do not call the mere rehearser of sentences an actor. Miss • Cleaver, as Lady Macbeth, played better than we have be fore seen her;'she seems to have a good conception of the character. We have not time for a close dissection of the representation, else should we feel disposed to cut it up root F and branch. The houses during the week have been tolerably good. THE RAILWAY INTERESTS OF LANCASHIRE TO THE EDITOR OP THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. would avail myself of the medium of your respect able journal, always the enlightened supporter of the enter prize and advancement of our stirring and. wealthy commu nity, to address the holders of property of the above description, at this interesting epoch in their interests. It is unquestionable that the great bulk of the shares of the leading and promising lines of railway are held by Liverpool and Manchester and their vicinities; the remainder may, perhaps, be divided be twixt the resident holders on the different lines, the public generally in scattered directions, and the London. Stock Ex change, in the proportion of two-thirds or more to the former parties, and one-third to the latter. This supposition is grounded on good data. Thus the London jobbers, giving them all the London portion, barely command one-eighth of these shares, and yet the whole working of the market has been hitherto controlled to their advantage. And how has this been effected? Simply by their operations being always co-operations, by which means, like the Irish Tail usurping the lead, closer in analogy still, accustomed to the most un principled manoeuvring, whenever these gentry covet the scrips held by honest men, then the depositories of panic are opened, and when it has fairly bitten into its intended vic tims, then it is followed by a series of forced and largely fic titious sales bearing down the prices. " How rumour's thous and tongues do horn." The movement upwards has generally, since the first rage, been left to these markets, which from the conviction (borne out by daily triumphant realization) of the immense value of these undertakings in every light, have a constant and buoyaut tendency to improve so soon as the night-mare is removed. The vampires of the Metropolitan Stock Exchange boast their use of von, as their sponge tilling you with shares at high prices, and squeezing them back at low. How long brother shareholders shall we be the vic timized? It is my put-pose, Mr. Editor, with your permis sion, to lay open the secrets ot the prison -house, which I have extraordinary facilities for doing —and suggest defences against these mammon-worshippers, whether they attend the shrine as " hears" or " bulls." An important era has now arrived which mint greatly modify these proceedings, if not give them during the next few months a confirmed opposite tendency. The result of the opening of the London and Birmingham and Southampton lines will so establish the solidity and character of these great works, and of the calcu lations for other lines, formed by the successful completion of these—calculations, too, grounded now upon the fullest practical experience —I say the public mind will henceforth be so sec - are against attacks upon the system, that it is a ques tion whether "the rare and delicate spirits" before named, will not give up their labours for depression, buy up all they can find people silly enough to sell, at whatever price, drop the rough coat ot Bruin, and permanently mount the horns. This change lam desirous to prepare you for. Hard efforts have been made to depress prices during the last few months, and yet there have been large buyers in London, (with , 1 rejoice to sav, few sellers, bona fide sellers, there or here) and finding the futility of these efforts, we may daily look for new tactics. Such being the condition of affairs, 1 could wish to open your eyes to the advantages of our position, if we only use it wisely. Relying upon powers of the squeeze, large sales have been made for delivery within the next few months, and the sellers have not one-twentieth of the shares to deliver—and on scrutinizing the list of buyers and sellers, the former being chiefly Lancashire holders, are touch more able to take their shares than are the sellers to deliver, who having sold on the chance run, have missed the tide fOr buy ing —it, in fact, being too strong against them. These facts are notorious. Look back upon the extraordinary firmness of Grand Junctions here, in face of the £lO. call paid on Mon day on the new half-shares, produced by the purchase of a wealthy family of some 100 shares or so, and from this judge of the effect that must ensue, on the value of the London and Southampton lines, if you keep yours out of the market, and every one who has bought for delivery and who can do it, claims the shares as the full due. This, too supported by the large demand from the public, which will far more than ab sorb those that may be refused, the sales could not be met under an enormous rise, and yet still far within the real value of the property. It rests with you to what extent your pro perty shall be improved, securing to you the well-earned re ward of your spirit and enterprize, and it rests with you subsequently whether this improvement be permanent, to effect which I will, next week, suggest to the proprietors of the lines who hold most extensively here a course of defen sive proceedings. It is entirely in your power to make this succeed. In the mean time let no man who can hold them sell a share in the two great lines opening now, for the next three months, if satisfied as the time progresses of the sound ness of such advice. The impression produced on the Lon don capitalists on Monday, by the development of the capa bilities and promises of the - Birmingham line, the traffic of which already exceeded the most sanguine expectations, and the returns of which, as its vast resources come to bear, are incalculable; the confirmation of this impression which the Southampton 40 miles will afford, the returns of which will treble the estimates, while the cost per mile is under £24,000. excepting the Eastern counties, the cheapest line out of Lon don while it commands the largest passenger traffic—this mpression communicated over the length and breadth of the .and—wait and see the result—until next week. I am, Sir, yours, &c. VT. Liverpool, Sept. 19, 1838. THE NEW SPIRIT lACENSES, TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. Sin,—l expected to have seen in your paper some remarks On the manner new spirit licenses were granted a few days ago. That oracle of truth, the Albion, says "The magistrates only granted about forty licenses, and those in parts of the town where they were much wanted." This is a most palpa ble falsehood of the Albion, for thirty at least have been granted in streets where they were not a, all wanted; for instance, Tithebarn-street, Scotland-road, Ainsdell-street, Norfolk-street, King's Dock, &c., and, above all, at the east side of the Salthouse Dock, where every other house is licensed; in fact it is completely glutted with publicans; and that is where a new license was granted, because, as the Albion says, it was very much wanted. Within a stone's throw of the warehouse where this license has been granted to, there are not less than forty licensed victuallers. Surely , Mr. Editor, this is not fair play. The Mayormust assuredly know that there were no lack of publicans at the Salthouse Dock, for he has been in the habit of passing by them three or four times a-day for many years About the King's Dock is also swarming with publicans, yet one has been added to their . number. Bostock-street, top of New Scotland-road, (a very densely populated street) vi-here there is not a spirit license in the street, several applications were made, but all denied. It is high time for the licensed victuallers to look about them, and I hope and trust at the next municipal elec tion they will give their votes to gentlemen who would sup port their rights, and protect them from being robbed with impunity. Perhaps, Mr. Editor, you would take the trouble to enquire the manner these licenses have been granted, and I think you would make such remarks as would put the old licensed victuallers on their guard at the next election. I am, sir, your's, &c. A SUBSCRIBER. Oldhall-street, Liverpool, `2oth Sept., 18.38. [l'he subject of the above letter has not escaped our no tice. We shall not fail to remind the licensed victuallers of the scurvy treatment which they have experienced at the hands of the " liberals."—E. L. S.l ZooLoGtcAr. GARDENS.—The last gala of the season at his very fashionable place of popular resort, will take place . . on Monday evening next, wh'eu s additional inducements to claim public attention will be put forth. Mr. D'Ernst, the celebrated pyrotechnist, is engaged to exhibit some novelties in his fiery art; while in the illumination department consi derable additions will be made. To complete all, Vesuvius will " labour, and with thunderings groan." We have no doubt a very numerous company will be congregated. LUNAR Bets.—This exceedingly rare phenomenon was witnessed on Sunday evening between eight and nine o'clock at Charleston, in Kent, bearing N.W. by W., stretching across the horizon towards the nadir, obliquely bisecting the milky way at an angle of 45 degrees. We are sorry to learn, on application to-day, that the most unfavourable accounts of the state of Lord Deerhurst were received yesterday. H is lordship was alive when the intel ligence left, but was trot expected to survive long, sinless an immediate change intervened, which was improbable.— Worcester Herald. A young couple at Bar-le-Duc. who are always quarre' ling in consequence, it must be admitted, of the drunkei ness of the husband, recently fought a regular duel wit sabres. The hu sband having been wounded in the swore . . arm by his better half, honour was satisfied, and a reconcili ation ensued, but whether it will be durable, time must show Buts Tor., SEPT. 17.—Betweeu 80 and 90 cases have been called to-day, most of which were radical objections; the re sult was, that they only succeeded in expunging four, three of whom were dead, and the fourth had received parochial re lief, while the settlement of two questions of law, respecting freemen, in favour of the conseivatives, secures to them up wards of 200 voles. EMIGRATION TO AUSTRAL .—Several vessels have sailed within the last three weeks for our settlements in the southern hemisphere, with full cargoes of goods and a large number of passengers. Several vessels are now loading for the same quarter, and many of their berths are engaged. The South Australian packet-ship Orleans, which is advertised to sail to-morrow, will carry out nearly 250 passengers. Many of the emigrants are capitalists, and some to a considerable ex tent.—Standard. An absurd report having been industriously circulated tha our valuable and much respected representative for the Northern Division of Warwickshire, W. S. Dugdale, Esq., was about to retire from parliament on account of the deli cate state of his health, we are certain that our readers, ind all true Conservatives, will be glad to learn that this report is entirely unfounded, and that this stanch supporter of their cause never, for one moment, entertained such an intention, and is just returned from a tour in Scotland in excellent health and spirits.—Coventry Standard. OBJECTIONS TO BEGISTRATION. — It is said that Mr. Ro bert Frederick Lock, of Chelsea, is about to commence ac tions against the overseers of the Liberty of the Rolls, Chan cery-lane, and the parish of South Minories, for the recovery of penalties of . £5OO, for their having neglected to affix to the church doors the objections he had transmitted to them against the insertion of the names of certain gentlemen on the register, who had claimed to have their names registered by the revising barristers as voters at the election of members to serve in parliament for the county of Middlesex. VAUXHALL GARDENS.—The Nassau balloon made another ascent on Tuesday from these gardens, which were well at tended on the occasion. The coldness of the afternoon, how ever, prevented two or three gentlemen from taking their seats in the car as they had intended, and the only passen gers, therefore, were Messrs. Webb, Richard and William Hughes, and Green. The balloon rose from the earth about six o'clock, and went away at a rapid pace, under the influ ence of a wind blowing strongly from the south east. The balloon, after a pleasant trip, descended in perfect safety in a field between Bedfont and Hounslow. THE 'CUTEST TRICK YET —The following trick to raise a good bottle of wine free gratis for nothing, is the "cap chief" of all the pieces of impudence we have heard of lately. In the present instance. a genteel-looking loafer entered a store in this city, where he knew they had a splendid article in the shape of wine, and at a time when be knew the master had gone to dinner, and nobody but a small boy left in attend ance. Entering with all - the importance of a wholesale dealer, our loafercommenced with— • Is Mr. —in ?" "No, sir; he's just stepped out; gone to dinner, sir." " What time do you expect bins back, boy ?" " Not short of an hour, sir; it generally takes him about an hour to eat his dinner." " Not under an hour ! Well, I'm told Mr. has a flue specimen of old Madeira. He told me to call and taste it ; but as he isn't in, and I am in something of a hurry, I wish you would bring out a bottle as a sample, and I'll see what it is." "Yes, sir," said the boy, who immediately brought forth a bottle of ie pure old stuff itself. The loafer took the wine, held it up to see its quality and colour, drew the cork, took a small sip, smacked his lips, and inquired— " Boy, have you any ice?" "Nb, sir. we never keep any." " Never mind, it's about cool enough. Any thing in the shape of crackers and cheese about ? They help to get a correct idea of the wine." "Nothing of the kind, sir." "All the same thing—l believe I have some in my pocket. I always carry them with me when I am out purchasing ;" at the same time taking out a paper of the above-mentioned articles, and commencing munching and drinking. "This is a delicious article, what does your master ask for it ?" " I don't know, sir." " Don't know, eh ! Got much of it!" "Considerable." " Well," said the new sample of the Diddler tribe, as he finishedVlC crackers and cheese , and the last of the old Madeira, "Well, I should like the lot. Just inform Mr. that a gentleman called and examined his wine, and has a very favourable opinion of what little he has seen of it. Good afternoon." " Stay, hadn't you better wait until Mr. comes in? He'll be along shortly." "No, I'm in something of a hurry now, but will call again." So saying the loafer departed; it is needless to say he has not been seen since.—New Orleans Picayune. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. SMOKING OUT A THIEF.—On Monday James Elliot was placed before Mr. Hall, charged with having committed a robbery in the house of Henry Parker, Bedford-place, Roberts-street. Samuel Keddow, police-officer 300, stated that he lived in Bedford-plice, near thehouse of Mr. Parker. Between three and four o'clock on Sunday morning he was in bed, when he heard a noise like some person opening a window. He in consequence got up, and went out. At the entrance to the passage he found a pair of shoes, and, looking up, he saw a lighted candle in Mr. Parker's bed-room. He called the assistance of Inspector Wharton, and as he knew that Mrs. Packer was not at borne, be sent for the key of the house. -On entering, they found a bundle of clothes behind the door. They went up stairs, and found the garret windows oven, and more clothes made up ready to carry away. They searched the house, but could not find the thief. Inspector Wharton, who had seen a person look out of the window, pro cured a ladder, and ascended to the top of the house. Mean while another officer came up, and it became evident that the thief bad taken refuge in the chimney. Some straw and shavings were placed in the grate, and set on fire. A voice from the chimney was heard bawling, " Put out the fire ! I can't get out! Pull down the chitnne) , I" Wharton, on the roof, then looked into the chimney, and saw a man there who was stuck so fast that he could nut be extricated. After tug ging at the fellow for some time, the officers, as a last re source, were compelled to pull down the chimney, when the thief was released from his temporary durance, and taken to Bridewell. The prisoner was sober. He had been seen at work in some unfinished cottages near Mr. Parker's house. He had nothing to say, and was committed for trial. THEFT FROM THE DOCK QUAY.—Michael Smith, a man dressed like a sailor, was on Wednesday placed before Mr. Hall, charged with having stolen a box containing knives, forks, and t able cutlery, worth ten pounds. Alex. M`James, constable 445, stated that at eleven o'clock on Tuesday night, he was on duty at the middle gate, east side of the Clarence Dock, when he saw the prisoner go from the Dublin shed to the Scotch shed, where he attempted- to lift up several boxes. At length he took up the box in question, and went with it towards the gate where witness was standing. The moment the prisoner saw the officer be threw the box down and ran away. Witness pursued and seized him. He asked him what he was, and he said he was a lumper. The prisoner was taken to Bridewell. Archibald Cameron, a clerk in the ser vice of Messrs. Thomas Martin and Co., ship-owners and agents, stated that the latter had vessels which sailed from the Clarence Dock. About eleven o'clock, on Tuesday night, he was under the shed, watching the goods on the Clarence Dock Quay. The witness generally corroborated the state ment of the officer. The box was addressed " Paid, to M. Martin and Co., L'pool. Mr. Robert... Muir, engineer, St. Andrew's square, Greenock." The prisoner said he merely took up the box for curiosity, to see how heavy it was. He was committed for trial. ROBBERY BY A CLERK.—Yesterday, at the Police-office. a young man in the employment of Mr. Whitehouse, named Michael Furlong, was brought before Mr. Hall on a charge of ribbing his employer of two sums of £5B Us. 6d. and £3B. It appeared that the clerk was authorised to collect money for his employers , and collected the above sums on Tuesday. On Wednesday he absented himself from the office, which excited suspicion, and he was yesterday morning appre hended going to Manchester. On being searched, £95 12s. 6d. were found on his person. There not having been time to get the parties from whom the prisoner had obtained the money , to appear before Mr. Hall, he was remanded till to-day. OVERCHARGING BY CAR-DatvEas.---Yesterday, at the Police-office, a gentleman named Terry appeared to com plain again'st the driver of car 83, Robert Nelson, for over charging him. Mr. Terry stated that on 'Wednesday he went into Clayton-square, and hired the defendant's car. He told him he was going to the Museum and to the Zoolo gical Gardens, and he wished to engage him by time. The driver refused to take him unless he would promise to give hint 2s. 6d. for the first hour, and 2s. per hour afterwards. He told the driver that whatever was right he should have. He (the driver) then drove him to the bottom of Bold-street, where his son got into the car, and the driver then refused to take him any further. He told him he might get out as soon as he would. The complainant said he would not stir; and then the defendant said he would make him pay for detain ing him. The end of it was, he was obliged to get out.—Mr. Hall said it was a clear case; he had no right to force a price; the law had fixed the price that he was entitled to, which was Is. 6d. for the first hour, and Is. an hour after wards: The law had fixed the penalty; he must pay 10s. and costs.—The driver said he would not pay it.—Mr. Hall said he must then go for 14 days to the borough jail. SAILING OF THE ROYAL WILLIAM. This splendid vessel sailed yesterday, at two o'clock, on her second trip to New York. Though the novelty of a steam-vessel sailing from this port across the Atlantic no longer remained as an attraction to see her start, vet thou sands of spectators were collected, and completely lined the walls of the George's and Prince's Piers. Every berth, we understand, has been taken , and this time she carries out no less than 67 cabin passengers, a s many we b e li eve , as she could possibly accommodate. lhis is the best criterion of the increasing favour for steam-vessels fur America ; their certainty as to time of arrival as well as their quick ra t e o f travelling creating the greatest confidence in them. At two o'clock the bell was rung to give notice that she was about to start, two guns were fired from her bows, and the splendid vessel turned with the tide and gallantly steamed down the river, amidst the cheers of thousands of spectators, which were heartily answered from on board. As she passed down the river she was greeted with salutes from either shore, the loud booming of which were answered by the guns on board her. Having the tide running strongly in her favour, she was quickly down the river, round the rock, and out of sight. We heartily wish her success, and need hardly hope she will have a quick passage. DAVIS' STRAITS FISHERY. HuLL.—Abram, 12 fish; Swan, 14 fish, 160 tons; Comet, 22 fish. NEWCASTLE.—GrenviIIe Bay, full; Lady Jane, full; Lord Gambier, 26 fish. LElTH.—Clarendon, 10 fish ; North Pole, 6 fish; William and Ann, 7 fish. KllMALDY.—Caledonia, 1i fish ; Chieftain, 14 fish, 130 tons; Hecla, 22 fish, 230 tons; Regalia, 3 fish. ABERDEEN.-13011 Accord, 16 fish, 165 tons; Neptune, 11 fish. BoNEss.—Alfred, 19 fish, 165 tons. - - DUNDEE.—Advice, full; Alexander, 8 fish; Ebor, 12 fish; Friendship, 11, and .8 dead fish; Horn, 4, and 8 dead fish ; Princess Charlotte, 22 fish. 'PETERHEA D.—Joseph Green, 8 fish, 100 tons; Traveller, 14 fish, 220 tons.. The'above are reported by the Princess Charlotte and the Bon Accord, arrived off Aberdeen. THE LATE STEAM BOILER EXPLOSION AT NEWrON. At noon on Tuesday a highly respectable jury met at the Bull Inn, at Newton, to inquire tou c hi ng t h e deaths of Jo seph Dangerfield, amuei Appleton, George Fazakerley, George Hough, William Wells, John Dean, and Thomas Price, the seven engineers who were killed on Monday by the bursting of a boiler attached to an engine at the Viaduct Foundry. Peter Traverse, a labourer, residing at Burton-wood, stated that be was in the employ of Messrs. Jones, Turn er , an d Evans, and had worked at - the Viaduct Foundry since Ma rc h last. He knew all the deceased men. They all worked for Messrs. )ones and Co. Dangerfield was the manager of the works, and had the overlooking of the setting-up of the new boiler. Witness went to work about twenty minutes to six o'clock. There were then about twenty or thirty men stand iug before the boiler furnace. Witness works as a coke burner. When the bell rung at six oclock, Dangerfield was working the engine. He desired witness to bring a can and fetch some oil, and said after he had oiled the shaft, he would have a lair start. He stopped the engine. Some men put ou the straps while witness oiled the shaft. When that was done Dangerfield started the engine. There is a wall be tween the engine and the boiler. The engine had not been at work more than a minute when the boiler burst with aloud explosion. Several of the men were thrown into the wheat field adjoining. They were knocked through a sheet of paling. Daugerfield, Fazakerly, and Appleton were killed dead on the spot. Dangerfield only gave one sigh. Wells died at eleven o'clock. Three of the others were only just alive. The boiler was not burst, it was only the flue. Mr. Jones deposed that he was dressing himself about six o'clock ou Monday morning:, when he heard what he at first conceived to be a loud clap of thunder. He immediately went to the foundry, and there found Fazakerley, Appleton, and Dangerfield dead. The survivors w ere removed to their several places of residence. The boiler was quite new. It was made at witness's foundry, and was fixed up and set going on Saturday jar the first time. It worked well, and it was intended to at it fairly on Monday morning. The en gine was a ten horse power, and the plates of the boiler were thick. The boiler was 12 feet long and 4 feet 6 inches dia. , . meter. There was a tub through it of the same thickness. The apparatus to the bailer was two gauge cocks, and' water gauge, and it bad two safety valves upon it. It was calculated to bear a pressure of 801hs to the inch. Only 351bs was upon it when the accident happened. Witness had endeavoured, ' to ascertain the cause of the accident, and he was of opinion, that there was not ,a sufficient quantity of water in the boiler, which caused the flue to get red hot, and when the engine pumped in the cold water the boiler collapsed. The boiler remains sound and firm on its bed. There is an aperture made in the flue at the further end of the boiler. The boiler is called a tabular boiler, made o❑ a different construction Co the marine engines. Witness does not consider the tabular boilers more dangerous. Dangerfield had got up the steam, and had attended the erection of the engine throughout. Witness considered that Dangerfield was fully competent, but in this instance had not been sufficiently cautious. The other men were mere spectators. The steam was not blown off. In his opinion hydrogen gas was formed in the boiler the mo ment the cold water was let in. lie drew that conclusion from the fact of the engine not having been worked more than a minute before the explosion took place. Peter Ditchfield, the watchman, deposed, that Danger field ordered witness to call him at five o'clock, and to get a fire under the boiler at half-past four o'clock. Dangerfield came soon after five o'clock. At that time the water appeared to be about a nail's length from the top of the gauge. He did not try his gauge-cocks while witness was near him. Witness went with Dangerfield to see some eels on the top of the pond. They floated in consequence of lime having been thrown into the Water. He had not started the engine when witness left, about five minutes before the bell rung. Dan gerfield fed the tire himself. A number of men were coming to the works just as he left. The accident happened ten or twelve minutes after* Dangerfield might have tried the ' gauge-cocks during the time witness was unlocking the doors. Two witnesses were called. They deposed to no new facts. The jury returned a verdict, in all the cases, - of "acci dental death," occasioned by the insufficiency of 'water in the boiler, upon which they- found a deodand of ss. They expressed themselves also to be of opinion that no blame was attached to Messrs. Jones, asthe manufacturers of the boiler. A valuable copper mine has been discovered at Oswestry. ANOTHERBOWRING BANQUET.—The hood folks pf Rotber glen, on Monday last, entertained Dr. Bowring to a banquet in the Town-hall. The banquet consisted of a slice of stale bread, a piece of boiled beef cold, and a bottle of excellent whisky punch per man, fin which 1s 6d a-head was demanded and paiol. The doctor addressed some dozen or two of women and children, previous to sitting down to the "banquet," from the balcony in front of the hall.—Glasgow Courier. FORBIDDING THE BANNS.—In the Oldwinsford Church, on Sunday last, during the time the Rev. S. Cragg was pub lishing the banns of matrimony, a sturdy-looking fellow, fa ther of one of the intended brides, suddenly sprung up, and loudly roared out, '• Her shanna ha' him," meaning his daughter's intended husband. 'I he reverend •gentleman re quested the father of the damsel to meet him in the vestry at the close of the service, when the objections urged by the fa ther not being sufficient to dissolve the banns, the pair were united in holy matrimony the following morning.— Worcester Guardian. THE BUSHY Cow.—A remarkably curious animal has just arrived in this country , from Sierra Leone, and attracting a good deal of notice among naturalists. It resembles in form a common cow, but is Covered with a coarse thin hair of a dirty yellow colour, with tufts of the same hanging down at equal distances front its broad pendulous cars, and has alto gether a most singular appeatauce. It comes from the in terior of Western Africa, and is little - known,"even by the natives, who call it the bushy cow. No previoui specimen has been brought to Europe, nor is it even known to the colonists at Sierra Leone, and, it is believed, has never been described. It has been deposited for the present at the Surrey Zoological Gardens. „4€