The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-04-30 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS. Several communications received at a late hour are deferred. We are sorry to find that th • reps , rt which we gave in our last. of the applicati , r , far a sea trial, iu the case of Campbell to. Powrsaa, tried at the recent ass zes in this town, is considered to operate injurious y icwarr!s the defendant. Of course, we have no its crest in the in..tt. r whatever, and all the parties are entirely unknown to us The report was supplied to us (as was the one immediately preceding it) by a most respect e•• , • - rvt, emittnirnlcate. vve are not aware . % here the rep or t is incorrect, or we should have been happy to have amended it. Ely Eiberpool 000410. TUESDAY 310 RIVING, APRIL 30, 1844. We have before us the result of another month's incubation of the Anti-monopoly "Young Men" of Liverpool, in the shape of their " Free Trade Circular, No. 4"; and, at the risk of having pre sumption imputed to us, in venturing to grapple with the production of this concentration of politico economical wisdom, we take the liberty of offering upon it a few observations. The Circular commences with noticing an adver tisement which has recently appeared in a local journal, in which an extensive estate in the county of Renfrew is offered for sale; and it is set forth as an advantage that " it includes a town of 1200 in habitants chiefly engaged in the cotton manufacture, and that there are ample means of increasing the existing, and of introducing various other branches of industry and manufacture." The owner of the estate in question, or his ingenious auctioneer, goes on to dilate upon the prospects which its purchase holds out to any enterprising speculator, and clenches the matter by stating, that, " notwith standing the general depression of the times, and a competition which has lately arisen in the neigh bouring markets," the rents of the estate are as high now as in the time of war prices, and that " the recent sets continue to be made at an advance on the former rents." A case like this the most philosophical writers of Circular No. 4 conceive to be " plain and convin cing evidence of the folly, not to say injustice, of attempting to encourage agriculture at the expense of the manufacturing and trading community"— the folly and injustice, viz., of our present system. Under the operation of that system has grown up this town of 1200 inhabitants, " chiefly engaged in the cotton manufacture" ; and, at the same time, it has maintained the prosperity of the estate upon which such town is located. Where is the proved folly here, most logical youths ? Manufactures and agriculture have here gone hand in hand, the one lending vitality and prosperity to the other. It is not said that, whilst the latter has prospered, the former has declined ; but, on the contrary, we are told by the advertiser that in the town in question " there are ample means of increasing the existing, and of introducing various other branches of industry and manufacture" ! But let us go a little further with our Circular writers : " The fact is, in the little document from which we have just quoted, the ' main element of the value of the land' comes out distinctly and intelligibly, as a matter of busi ness, not only unquestioned, but adopted (whenever they have an estate on sale) by those who are accustomed on other occasions to denounce the manufacturing system in the most unmeasured terms. It is true that not every great landowner can boast that the stability of his rental is secured by the thriving manufactures upon his estate,' but even the most sentimental of auctioneers does not fail to notice the excellent roads, canals, and other mo dern improvements, by means of which the splendid property he has the honour to offer is brought within a few short miles' of some great market for the manufac turing districts." Just so, gentlemen. The " main element of the value of land" is the enjoyment of near markets and thriving consumers : we thank you for the ad mission that there are such beings as " thriving" consumers under our present system. No man in his senses doubts the fact ; and as it is an advan tage to the agriculturist to have near markets and thriving manufacturers, as consumers, for his pro duce, it cannot be so bad a thing for the manufac turer to have a near market and thriving agricultu rists, as consumers, for his goods. The " main element of value" is not, we should imagine, a one sided element, but of general application. Now, let us just inquire what might possibly be the effect of an application to this Renfrewshire locality of the nostrums of our anti-monopoly gen tlemen. Repeal the corn-laws, and of course we shall be assured that the town of 1200 inhabitants engaged in cotton-spinning will become one of double the population and wealth. But what be comes of the agricultural population of the estate ? They have lost the advantage of their near market, which has henceforth to be shared with the foreign growers of bread stuffs. We have been told al ready, as a disadvantageous circumstance, that they have had to compete with "neighbouring markets"; and they will henceforth have to compete with mar kets which can undersell them 50 to 60 per cent. They cease in great part, under such circumstances, to be advantaged by the prosperity of the manufac turing town, except in so far as, instead of remain ing substantial farmers, they become milkmen and market gardeners for its squalid and swarming population ; and we leave it to the world to say to what extent this can be an advantage to compensate for the prosperity they have resigned. We have perhaps occupied m)re time and space with this piece of silliness than it deserves. It con tains, however, within itself as amusing a specimen of the kind of " convincing evidence" (!) of the al leged impolicy of the protective system, and, at the same time, of the folly of superficial and pragmatical boys meddling with questions above then compre hension, as we remember to have net with. L t us just point out to these juveniles the number of suicidal conclusions which, as free traders, they have succeeded in deducing from this advertise ment. Ist. Under our present restrictive policy, which " encourages agriculture at the expense (!) of the manufacturing and trading community," we have " thriving manufactures." 2ndly. Under a system which Mr. Cobden and others have spent years in endeavouring to prove injurious to the agriculturists themselves, agricul ture has prospered, and the interests of not only landlords, but farmers also, have been advanced, as is proved by " recent sets" on this estate " con tinuing to be made at increased rates." 3rdly. It is admitted that the prosperity of the British farmer depends upon the extent to which he is permitted to enjoy—to ",monopolise," if you like—the home market. 4thly. It is a necessary sequent of the above, that the manufacturer is benefitted by the prosperity of neighbouring agricultural consumers. Finally. A strong instance is adduced of actual benefits derived under our existing balanced system, whilst we are reminded that the promised benefits to arise from any other system are unproven and problematical. But it seems that it was mainly for the purpose of sheaving the small comparative amount of taxa tion to which the land of the country is subject, that the advertisement is referred to. The adver. tiser (the agent for the landlord, be it remembered) had stated the produce of the rental thus : Gross rent and returns as now let £9,420 Deduct public burdens, Bd. in the pound „ 305 Remains FRE 0 RENT.. . , Upon this statement the very sagacious writers of the Circular comment, as conclusive evidence of the unfair immunity from taxation which the land enjoys—" the whole" (the italics are theirs) " of the public hurthens on a very extensive estate in Renfrewshire not amounting to Bd. in the pound, or 31, per cent. on the rental, whilst it is well known mat au tne necessaries of nte•—nrean, tea, coffee, sugar, &c.—are taxed from 50 to 200 per cent. ! ! " Again, the notes of admiration are theirs, not ours ; and we should imagine that they had made them in amazement at the extent of their own dishonesty and impudence. It never was meant to be represented— as the writers ought to have known, and, if not utter blockheads, must have known—that this Sd. in the pound constituted the whole of the burthens upon land even in Renfrewshire ; but only the amount paid by the landowner himself, or allowed out of his gross rental. It does not include the local burthens paid by the tenants; and the whole argument is, in fact, as gross a piece of dishonesty as if we were to say that the tithe composition, or land tax, paid by the noble owner of Knowsley, or by any other large proprietor of .land, represented the whole amount of the poor -rates, church-rates, highway -rates, county-rates, &c., &c., paid by the occupiers of his estate. The writers of such a monstrous piece of folly, or worse, ought to blush for themselves. The set made by Mr. Roebuck, as the terrier of the administration, against the hon. member for Knaresborough, has terminated as all the world an ticipated it would. Four weary debates, interrupted only by an occasional scene, have occupied the time which ought to have been devoted to the public business; and, as the issue, it can neither be said that the character of the House of Commons has been materially advanced in the eyes of the country, or that the parties in whose behalf we have had all this fussy talking, occupy a position one jot better or worse than before. The whole world entertains the same opinion that it did a week ago, of the pu rity of Sir James Graham, and the honesty and wis dom of Mr. Hogg; and although we do hear some alarming news of Mr. Ferrand, that he is " extin guished," or " shelved," or " silenced," we shall take leave to doubt, whether his enemies or his friends will find that any thing so frightful has occurred. We shall not here enter into a consideration of the merits of the question at issue between Mr. Ferrand and his opponents. Possibly there may have been in some respects imprudence iw his re marks upon the conduct of Sir James Graham. No doubt that great statesman is all that is pure minded and honourable, as a minister and as a man ; but we cannot see, nevertheless, that the House of Commons, by any vote or resolution of its members, can compel us to adopt any other con clusion from given facts than we were already pre pared for. The " great Mott case," as it is termed, will be appreciated just the same, whatever the House of Commons may say or think; and the world will continue to believe that Sir James Graham was delighted to get rid of Mr. Walter, and cheered the finding of the committee which ejected him. But there is one consideration arising out of these proceedings which forces itself upon our notice. Farcical and undignified as they may be, in one respect they are important, as evincing, on the part of the House of Commons, a disposition to stretch its authority a little beyond what is con sistent with a due regard to the maintenance of public opinion and the liberty of the subject. What right has the House of Commons to sit in judgment upon every word uttered out of doors by one of its members, which happens to grate upon the sensitive feelings of this or that cabinet minister? Who constituted the House of Commons a Star Chamber ? Who invested it with the power to deal with any portion of the actions or language of its members beyond its walls ? No one. The whole of these proceedings we believe to be founded upon an assumption of power which the House never legally possessed, or ought to possess; and which requires to he watched attentively, and resisted, too if we would not have it stretched into an intolerable despotism. Once grant to the House the power of this inquisitorial sway over its members, and who can say how soon it may lay claim to the privilege of dragging others to its bar, and rendering it as dangerous in this free country to assert, or to hint, that this or that minister is not the quintessence of purity or wisdom, as it would be in the dominions of the Brother to the Sun and Moon to suggest that that near relation of the planets is not infallible. There are strange things done occasionally in private - committees of the House of Commons ; strange sights witnessed there. Small men, at home,—when transported, as portions of deputa tions, to the cloisters of St. Stephen's,—become amazingly fussy and important in look, in lan guage, and in bearing; and not a few forget, in the zeal of their partizanship, that although, in imagination, far above the world in which they have hitherto moved, that world will nevertheless not forget to watch and to comment upon their pro ceedings. But, strange as are ordinarily the things done and witnessed in these committees, we really cannot bring ourselves to the belief that anything more strange has recently occurred than a portion of the proceedings in the opposition offered to the Liverpool Dock Extension Bill. We stated in our last that the leading parties to this opposition were Mr. Brownrigg and Mr. Wm. Jackson, the latter of whom is well enough known to be a leading commissioner, park and dock pro- jector, &c., of the enterprising town, or city, or— what shall we call it ?—of Birkenhead. By these two gentlemen a very persevering opposition to the bill, in all its stages, was kept up. It failed, how ever; as the efforts of small men do fail, when they so ridiculously over-estimate the extent of their influence as in this case. The committee on the bill refused to obstruct the progress of the port of Liverpool. The preamble of the bill was carried, notwithstanding the startling announcement made to the bewildered members that the port of Liver pool had been built on the wrong side of the river Mersey ; and Messrs. Bfownrigg and Jackson were thus delicately, but decisively, reminded that they were still mere men, and, in the locality of Old Palace-yard, very ordinary personages. The committee having declared the preamble of the bill proved, the opposition then proceeded to cavil at some of the clauses. They were unwilling that the Dock Committee should be permitted to ratify their bargain with the Harrington Dock Company; and accordingly it was insisted upon by their counsel that, the purchase of the property being conceded, its value should be assessed by a jury. We were to depart from the practice, under every other private bill, and the appeal to a jury to assess the value of the land required for our southern docks was to be not optional but compulsory ! The committee were asked, in effect, to declare their de liberate opinion.that the bargain between the Dock Committee and the Harrington Company was a col lusive bargain ; and that a jury was imperatively required to keep both parties honest ! Happily, however, the committee paid the people of Liverpool the credit of supposing that property could be honestly sold by a company to a public trust. They thought, no doubt, that as parks could be projected . on one side of the water, without the projectors having the slightest view of profiting by the sale of the necessary land, docks could be so projected on the other side. And they thought right. Depend upon it there is quite as much ho nesty and virtue amongst the member. . • „ Ave:tne Dock uommttree OT " `amongst the Commis sioners of Birkenhead or any other i;ody. THE FUNDS—SATURDAY NIGHT. — The market for Engli.•h securities exhibits no change to-day. The closing quotations are :—Consols, for money and the account, 99a to ; Three per Cents. Reduced, 98T, to 99; Three and-a-H alf per Cents. Reduced, 102 to 4 ; New Three and-a-Half per .;eats. Reduced, 102/ to 103; Long Annuities, 12 7-16 ; India Stock. 285 to 290 ; and Exchequer•bills, 755. to 775. The foreign market pre sents no particular feature. Belgian left off 104 to 105; Brazilian, 80 to 81 ; Buenos Ayres. 34 t, 36 ; 102 to 104 ; Colombian, 14/ to 15/ Danish, 88 to 89 ; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents., 611 ta a ; Ditto Five per Cents., 104 to i; Mexican Five per Cents., 354 to ; Ditto Deferred, 151 toy; Peruvian, 29 to 30 ; Portuguese,, 454 to 461 ; Spanish Five per Cents., 26 to s ; and Ditto Three per Cents., 361 to / TILE LIVERPOOL DOCK BILL.—We are assured by a most respectable gentleman, that the conversation be tween Captain Evans and the counsel for the opponents of the Liverpool Dock Bill before the Parliamentary Com mittee as alluded to in our last, was not on any subject connected with the bill, but on a totally different ques tion. A contrary impression was, however, raised in the minds of several uninterested gentlemen present. OPERATIVE PROTESTANT ASSOCIATION.—We are glad to find, amidst so much lukewarmnees of principle as is now unfortunately manifested on every side, that this useful, scriptural, and truly Chu , cla of England Society is still zealously prosecuting its objects. A numerous meet ing of the members took place last night, when several admirable addresses were delivered, but we regret that, as the meeting was held on the eve of our publication, we cannot attempt even a brief analysis of the arguments ad vanced by the speakers. Housit ROBBERY.—On Saturday, Robert Leyland and Robert Quick, two young men, were committed for trial by Mr. Rushton, for breaking through the back window of a Mr. Scwcheon, and stealing some wearing apparel, a brass tap, a candlestick, &c. Yesterday the other, of the gang of three, was found by inspector Anders in his father's house, concealed under a stair in a dark cellar. His father had denied that he was in, and the prisoner when told of the charge aeainst him, sa'd, " This will be a seven years' job fur me." He was committed. THE FIRE AT MESSRS. PLATT'S, PARLIAMENT STREET.-it will be Observed from our contemporaries, that another fire occurred at the premises of Messrs. Platt & Co., in Parliament-street, on Wednesday last, the 24th inst., in which it is stated considerable damage was sustained. We are happy to inform the public. that al though forty or fifty barrels of turpentine, contained in two pin., besides several other barrels on the floor, were all in a blaze, that such was the stweriority and safety of the new building that in less than one quarter of an hour from the commencement of the fire, the whole was extin guished without any damage whatever, and did not even interfere with the business of the day. MYSTERIOUS AND CURIOUS ROBBERY. - During Monday afternoon, a cash-box, containing money in gold, notes, and cheques, to the amount of some £220, was stolen from a lodging room, in the house of Mr. Steele, surgeon, of Westgate, in this town. As two men were going to their work. on Tuesday morning, they found the box in the old goit near the mill of Messrs. E. Salt and Co. They immediately took it to Mr. Brigg, constable. The box now contained £l4O ; so that, after taking from it about £BO, the thief had thrown away the more valuable pi.rtion of the booty, some of it consisting of sovereigns! The party is unknown ; but there can be no doubt of its being some person acquainted with Mr. Steele's house, and who knew the whereabouts" of his cash box.—Bradford Observer. THEFT OF OPIUM.—An elderly man named Stephen Brett, was yesterday charged before Mr. Rushton, with having in his possession about 441bs. of Turkey opium in halls or cakes, which it was suspected he had stolen. Messrs, Woolley, Bell, and Co. had received from on board ship fifty chests of similar opium. One of the packages had not been seen weighed by their clerk, but it had been weighed by the landing waiter, and was about 13Ibs deficient, as compared with the invoice. The theft had therefore been committed before it was weighed at this port. There was no direct proof that the prisoner had stolen it, and he had not been employed at the ship; but as he was required to account for the possession of it in his house, and merely said a young man had left it in order to sell it, but he did not know his name, he was, under the act provided for such cases, committed to gaol for three months. The opium is, we learn, destined for the China market. SMUGGLING EXTRAORDINARY.—Last week an in stance of smuggling on a large scale was brought before our stipendiary magistrate. A respectable firm in the towu had consigned to them 450 barrels of rosin from New York, the proceeds to be handed to a third party coming over, who arrived by another vessel a few days before the consignment arrived. He showed much anxiety that nine barrels (particularly marked) should be de livered to himself, and some suspicion having consequently arisen, the consignees, to check his impatience, said the whole should be examined by the proper revenue officers. That evening he wrote to the consignees, stating that he had departed for London, and desiring that the particular casks described should be stored for him, and not sold or bonded with the others. The nine barrels were examined by the officers, and found to contain tobacco inside the rosin, of fine quality, and cased in tin—the aggregate weight about 1,000 lb. of which the duty to be evaded would be about £5OO. No blame attaches either to the master or mate of the vessel, which was placed under nominal seizure, but has since, we learn, been released. The party who came over to receive the proceeds and the nine barrels is said to be a Kentucky trader. COMMITMENT FOR THEFT IN A DWELLING-HOUSE. — Early on Saturday morning, while Inspector Anders was on duty in Scotland-road, he observed two suspicious looking young men, William Taylor, and John M`Donald, hanging in the streets. He 'atched them, and followed them as far as St. James's-road, near the Mount, where, while a servant girl was sweeping outside the house of Mr. Robert Youd, one of them, Taylor, slipped quietly into the lobby, and soon returned with a top-coat under his arm. The other stood at the outside, and they went away together. The inspector, and a shopkeeper's assist ant, named Joseph Roberts, who witnessed the transac tion, followed them down Alfred-street, and at last (after he had dropped the coat in the street) found him concealed in an out-building in Norfolk-street, and apprehended him. Roberts picked up the coat and took it to Jordan street bridewell. Taylor was brought up at the police-court on Saturday, and committed for trial. Yesterday morn ing Inspector Anders called at M'Donald's father's house, in Oriel-street, where he found the prisoner, who was brought up the same day, and being identified as being with the other at the time of the robbery, he, too, was committed. ADMIRABLE PORTRAIT OF JOHN GLADSTONE, ESQ. —Our townsmen cannot fail to be highly gratified by an inspection of this full-length portrait, (now on view at Mr. Grundy's Repository of Paintings and Prints, in Church-street,) not only as a superb work of art, but as a characteristic and striking likeness of a distinguished individual, whose long and honourable career in our town as an enterprising merchant, entitles Mtn to be ranked amongst the fathers of the commerce which she now en joys. The colouring is rich, mellow, and harmonious. — uniting great breadth of light and shade with great power and effect. The picture is, moreover, remarkable for the firmness and vigour of execution displayed throughout. Altogether it is a most masterly work, and one which, for artistic skill and sterling merit, will rank with the finest portraits of our times. In these opinions we but submit an echo of those of all parties who have seen it, and who are competent to judge of, and appreciate, its worth. One of these (whose good taste is beyond question) has stated that it is a speaking likeness ; and that the head only wants the mellowing tone of age to be as fine as any by Vandyke. We may add, that the engraver has done full justice to the picture in the admirable translation he has achieved. The likeness is perfect. In the same room is still to be seen the fine original picture, by 'Wilkie, of her present Majesty's First Council, together will a variety of first-rate modern engravings, &c. CAUTION TO EMIGRANTS.—DISGRACEFUL CONDUCT OF SOME BOATMEN.—Yesterday, a boatman named Jacob Francis was brought before Mr. Rushton on a • charge of having (with three others) taken two emigrants out into the river to join the ship in which they had taken their passage to America, and on their inability to meet a most exorbitant demand for their conveyance, after catch ing the ship, threatening them, and afterwards bringing them back, so that they have lost not only their passage but their clothes, provisions, &c., which were on board. One of the complainants (M'Carthney) said he and his com panion had taken and paid for their berths by the Henry Bliss. On Saturday the vessel went out into the river without them, they having mistaken or overlooked the hour of her tieparture. Just as she left the basin they ran down and called the three boatmen to endeavour to take them on board. They called the prisoner from the quay to assist them, and the whole pulled off, and in about twenty minutes overtook the ship, which was under weigh, and got a line from her, so that they could easily have put them on board. The fellows, however, demanded £1 for their services, saying they would land them if they did not pay that sum. They had not nearly so much with them, but eventually mustered up 45., which they r eceived; but were still dissatisfied, demanding the 20s. in all: M'Cart ney hearing them threaten to let go the rope, took hold of it as his last chance, whereupon the prisoner threatened to cut off his hand with a knife if he held on. They then said they had more money on board if the boatmen would take them, but they refused, and heartlessly casting off the rope, brought them back to the shore, destitute and pennyless ! The three other men the complainants could not afterwards find. The other complainant corroborated his companion in the misfortune, The only defence at tempted was that the prisoner was only the servant of the others, called by them to assist, and obeying their orders; but this did not avail him. Mr. Rushton strongly repre hended such conduct, adding, that 2s. in place of low' was ample legal payment. He regretted that the act affe ctin g the case -6th o f G eo. IV, chap. 37—did not enable him to inflict an adequate punishment on the delinquent — as it enabled him only to fine him in the sum of 4 0 5. , or in default t wo months imprisonment. The magistrate then sent for Lieutenant Henry, government agent for emi grants, and recommended the two destitute complainants to his care, with a view to their being forwarded to their destined port in the United States. It is of courQe doub - ful whether they will ever recover their clothing, &C. , I thus left in a ship crowded with strangers. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. THE ORANGEMEN, THE MAGISTRATES, AND THE WATCH COMMITTEE. Of course we did not think it necessary to upon the alieg,d in'' . borou-' of the magistracy of the to visit with the penalty of dismissal those few members of our police force, who are guilty of the atrocity of belonging to the loyal Orange association ; nor should we trouble ourselves now, had such intention been vouched for only by such authority as the Liverpool Mercury. We have, however, before us, besides pri vate information, the authority of a report, in the Journal of Saturday last, of a meeting of magistrates, at which resolutions were passed, to the effect that being a member of an Orange lodge is in itself a disqualification for the situation of policeman ; and we are therefore fully war ranted in exprrssing our opinion upon the whole question as thus mooted. We shall give, in the first instance, the circumstances which have originated this movement of the authorities. They are these. The - popish minister of St. Patrick's Chapel complained, as it appears, a short time ago, to the Mayor, of some disorderly lads, who have been in the habit of annoying his reverence by processions past his chapel, in which orange flags have been exhibited, and music and " drawn swords" (!) displayed. Such com plaint of course was reported by the Mayor to the Stipen dary Magistrate; and that zealous official addressed the home office, suggesting that increased powers be afforded to the Magistracy to repress displays so offensive to radi calism and popery. The reply of Sir James Graham, however, was that the bench had already sufficient powers to act in any matter in which the public peace was endangered; and accordingly the Stipendary was driven to the adoption of other steps for the carrying out of his designs against the growing Influence of this loyal body. The late head-constable. Mr. Whitty, and the newly elected head-constable, Mr. Miller, with Mr. Dowling, were summoned to meet himself and the Mayor; an order was given for a return of the names of the officers of the constabulary force, specifying the various benefit societies to which they belonged ; and it having been discovered that amongst the 503 officers composing the force, there were nine men who were members of Orange Benefit Societies, a resolution was adopted by Mr. Rushton and the Mayor, that any constable who is a member of an Orange or Ribbon Society is deemed by them ineligible for the situation of a police-officer in the town of Liver pool, and unfit for police duty. It appears unfortunately to have been forgotten by the Stipendiary, and we regret to say by the Mayor as well, that there was such a body as the Watch Committee, with whom it would have been only ordinary courtesy to have communicated with respect to such a proceeding as that in which they were engaged. Mr. Rushton is pos sessed by a strange hallucination, which leads him to be lieve that he comprises in his own person something more than the dignity of a magistrate, and little less than the dignity and the talent of a judge. By the sense, however, evinced by the Watch Committee of the slight put upon them, and the encroachment upon their privileges, by this interference with the body appointed and paid by them, he was recalled to something like a just appreciation of his powers; and the next step resorted to, to cover the mistake committed, was the summoning of the whole body of magistrates, for the purpose of sanctioning by their dictum such an uncalled-for proceeding. Well, this meeting so summoned was held; and' its decision was precisely such as any one acquainted with the materials which compose our borough magistracy might have anti cipated. The infliction of pains and penalties upon loyalty was confirmed - and the option was offered,. to the nine unfortunate offenders, ' of retiring from the force cr repudiating those societies of which their certificates of cha racter prove them to have been peaceable, loyal, and well behaved members. Such are the bare facts of the case; and now for a few words of comment upon the proceedings of this magis terial conclave, before we proceed further. Of what had these proscribed men been guilty, to call for a punishment so heavy ? Had they neglected any duty ? Had their principles led them to any subordination? Nothing of the kind. They entertain principles of devotion to the constitution and the Established Church of their country. They are supporters of the principles which placed the family of Hanover upon the throne of these realms. They belong to a body who, police responsibilities apart, are pledged by their regulations to obey the laws, to maintain peace, and,. if necessary, to risk their lives for the public safety. They belong to a society - which is now declared to be illegally constituted, though on no solid grounds that we are aware of. These are the crimes of the nine men visited with Radical persecution. They are loyal' Conservative men; but worse than that, they can say to disturbers—to Repealers—to Radicalism—" we are three thousand in this borough of Liverpool, determined to maintain the inviolability of our constitution, the peace of the country against all disturbers, and the rights and liberties of Englishmen against all the world !" And now let - us see whether such sentence can be or ought to be carried out. The Orange Association, we are told, is an illegal association. That such is the case has been taken for granted, and yet at this moment the Town clerk is submitting opinions to eminent counsel upon the question ! Decency would have suggested that such alleged illegality should first be established. Again, how is it that these nine men are shewn to be ineligible for police appointments. We have already said that no bad con duct is alleged. But the rules of the Watch Committee provide that every constable should be a member of a benefit society, and they do not specify any description of such society. These men, unfortunately, are members of Orange, or Protestant benefit societies, and are thus visited with the condemnation of the magistrates for strict compliance with an undispensable regulation of the Watch Commit tee, who employ them, and regulate their conduct. These men, who are either to leave the force or renounce the expression of their Protestant principles, must, in the event of such submission, forfeit every shilling of thci , contributions—the savings of years—to sh. it various societies. The most imporh" 4 ir-...acure of the case, however, is the position ;.. winch the united bench have, by their pro ceedings, placed the Watch Committee of this borough. That committee has an onerous duty to perform to the public—has hitherto performed it well and faithfully ; and it is a little indecent and injurious to public interests, and especially to that " moral influence" which Mr. Rushton is so anxious that the police force should possess, that such members of the Watch Commit tee as Mr. Harbord should be stigmatised as that gentleman was at the meeting in question. Mr. Harbord, although filling a distinguished office in the Orange society—and who dare say that he is less trustworthy as a public man on that account ?—has never failed in the performance of his public duties. As an Orangeman, he is infinitely more worthy of the confi dence of loyal Englishmen than many of his traducers. He is a member of a society whose only fault is that it is a loyal society—whose proceedings and principles are duly given to the world—whose regulations are printed and circulated—whose principles are in the hands of the ma gistracy, who court the most scrutinising inquiry, and who are far more deserving of being entrusted with the preservation of the peace of the town, or of the country, than of being visited with censure and disability, or looked upon with d strust. Such a man, and such a body as the Watch Committee, are surely as responsible and trust worthy as any bench of magistrates, or any stipendiary possessed of no more temper and discretion than Mr. Ed • ward Rushton. The public at all events think so, and the public are generally not much in error. MR. PERRAND AND MR. HOGG. Mr. Ferrand has published the following letter addressed to Mr. Hogg : " Carlton Club, April 27. " Sir,—The proceedings in the House of Commons being now terminated, I think it a duty 1 owe to myself to volunteer that explanation of the exact meaning my words at Leeds were intended to convey, which I never should for one moment have withheld had you made that personal and private application to me which has hitherto been the invariable custom amongst gentlemen, instead of adopting the indirect and public course of appealing to Parliament. _ _ " Against the course you and others chose to pursue 1 deemed it my duty as a British subject to make a consti tutional stand. I protested against the right of the House of Commons to interfere in such cases; and had that house ventured to assert such power either by cen • curing me, or by any other act of a tangible nature, it was my intention to have resisted such an assumption of power on its part, and to have tried that right in another and a constitutional court. For the anomalous position in which the house last night placed itself I am in no way responsible. "With regard to yourself and the expressions I made use of respecting you, I much regret that my assurance on Monday night, that you were labouring under a mis take' when you supposed that ' I had charged you with what was dishonest and dishonourable,' was not, as I think it ought to have been, satisfactory to you ; and that you persisted in driving me to the alternative of either remaining silent or of submitting to the interference of an unconstitutional tribunal. On Monday night, I distinctly told you what I did net mean ; I now tell you what I did mean. It always was, and still is, my opinion that your decision respecting the Nottingham election was unjust, and directly opposed to the evidence laid before you ; it is further my opinion, that in coming to this decision you were influenced by a bias, of which you were pro bably unconscious, that such decision would be acceptable to a Government you were anxious to support, and more particularly acceptable to that individual member of it to whose favourite legislative measure Mr. Walter had ever been the strenuous opponent. Further than this I never did, I never could, intend to say. I never for one moment believed that you had bern personally corrupted, or that You either were or are to receive the reward of that cor ruption. Had Iso believed, or had I intended to convey such belief, it would have been done in plain English, and not by faint innuendo. I therefore wish to express my regret that your feelings as a man of honour should have been wounded by unfortunutely straining my words into a meaning they were never intended to convey. " With regard to your conduct during this past week, no one can regret more deeply than I do that you should have lent yourself to the personal persecution with which I have been assailed ; that, however, is mere matter of private feeling to myself. But it is still more to be regretted on public grounds, when considered, as I fear the country will consider it, as having so materially contributed to wards placing the House ot Commons in the embarrassing and unconstitutional position in which it now finds itself — a position ill-calculated to maintain its efficiency in public estimation—a position, in short, which presents it to the country no longer as the defender, but as the di rect invader, of one ot the deat est privileges of the sub ject. " I am, Sir, " Your most obedient humble servant, " W. B. FERRAND. " J. W. Hogg, Esq., M.P." REPLIES OF LORD SANDON, M.P., AND SIR HOWARD DOUGLAS, M.P., TO THE AD DRESS OF THE LOYAL ORANGEMEN OF LIVERPOOL We have pleasure in laying before our readers the fol lowing communications which have been received from our excellent members, in reply to an address from the loyal Orangemen of this town, expressive of the grateful sense which they entertain of the manly stand made by them in behalf of the suffering factory women and chil dren of Great Britain. Such a tribute as these letters convey to the maligned, because loyal, Orange body, far more than atones for all the scurrilities with which fifty Mercuries can bespatter them. " London, April 19, 1844. " MY DEAR Sit,—May I ask you.to expreQs to the loyal Oraneernen of Liverpool, and their district master, my sense of the approbation, which through your hands they have conveyed, of the course, which 1 and my hon. colleague have pursued on the Factory Bill. " I cannot but hipe that that cause will ultimately tri umph, whatever difficulties so great a change may, perhaps not unnaturally, be exposed to at the present moment. " I am, dear sir, " Your faithful servant, " SANDON. " Richard Harbord, Esq." " 15, Green-street, April 22, 1844. " DEAR Srn,—l have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter. transmitting to me a copy of the resolutions of a meeting of the loyal Orangemen of Liver pool ; and request you will express to that most respectable and loyal body, that I receive, with great pleasure, that mark of their esteem and approbation ; and I beg you to accept my thanks for the kind and friendly terms in which you convey to me that resolution. " I have the honor to be, " Dear sir, "Yours very sincerely and faithfully, • " HOWARD DOUGLAS. " Richard Harbord, Esq." CASE OF CAPTAIN PETRIE. We regret to find, from the following communications, that Sir James Graham has felt it his duty to refuse to mitigate the sentence passed on Captain Petrie at the Central Criminal Court in February last:— "TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. " SlR,—Feeling called upon to submit to the numerous friends and public bodies whose memorials in favour of my brother, Lieutenant, Petrie, I had recently the honour of placing in the hands of the members for the borough and county, the communication which has been trans mitted to me from Sir James Graham, as the answer to these memorials, may I beg that you will be kind enough to insert the same in your paper of to-morrow. "It may be allowed me at the same time, while express ing the disappointment which my brother, in common with his friends, cannot otherwise than feel at the un looked-for result of so strong an expression of public opinion, brought forward on his behalf, to say, that the testimony which has thus been borne to the justice of his claims for the remission of a sentence considered by the memorialists to be unmerited and severe, must afford him much consolation in the unfortunate situation in which he is still placed. " In his name I have to offer the grateful thanks which are so justly due to those members of part ament and other friends who have so warmly interested themselves n his favour throughout. " I am, Sir, your most obedient servant, "J. PETRIE, M.D. Liverpool, 29th April, 1844." " TO VISCOUNT SANDON, 211. P., 4c. " MY LORD, —Secretary Sir James Graham having caused enquiries to be made into the case of Peter Petrie, convicted at the Central Criminal Court in February last, of maliciously cutting, and sentenced to eighteen months' imprisonment, on whose behalf your Lordship presented an application; I am directed to express to your Lord ship Sir James Graham's , regret that he cannot, at pre sent, feel himself justified in advising Her Majesty to mitigate the prisoner's sentence. " I have the honor to be " Your Lordship's most obedient humble servant, " S. M. PHILLIPPS. " Whitehall, 24th April, 1814." IMPORTANT TO FARMERS.-A VILLAINOUS COMPOUND IN THE MARKET, AND SELLING AS " GUANO." By the following communication, which we have re ceived from a highly respectable mercantile gentleman of this town, it will be seen that an article is being sold as guano, which not only contains none of the virtues of that extraordinary fertilizer, but the use of which would be positively deleterious to the soil', and probably destructive to the crops to which it is applied. The adulteration of tobacco with saccharine matb:r—which is said to improve it, though the revenue is certainly so far defrauded by its use—is innocence itself compared with the preparation of this deceptive and abominable rubbish; and if tobacco. nists are severely mulcted for their comparatively trifling delinquencies, what punishment short of transportation is due to those who make, and vend, for probably £8 to £lO a ton, a compound, the purchaser of which is doumed not only to lose bis money, time, andlabour, in procuring and applying it, but to have his hopes of an abundant return from his fields entirely blighted ?' A sample before and after analysis may be seen at the office of this paper:— TO THE F nITO:lt OP TILE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. " Liverpool, 29th April, 1844. - • " Sut,—Herewith you have the sample ,of an article manufactured and sold in this town as guano. You would be conferring a kindness on purchasers by exposing this shameful imitation. It is much to be regretted that we have men amongst us who, for their own selfish interests, would. not only bring the article into disrepute, but deceive and plunder those who may be unfortunate enough to buy of them. " It behoves farmers and others to be careful of whom they make purchases ; and in all cases where practicable, to get it direct from the ship. 1 have another sample tested by a chemist, but with the same results as Dr. Harbord's, so that if you will be kind enough to publish his letter, and show the samples in your window, 1 shall consider I have done all in my power to put a stop to the fraud. _ _ " I remain, Sir, yours respectfully. " OBSERVER." Our correspondent (who deserves the thanks of the fair dealer in the article, as well as of those engaged in agri cultural pursuits) has handed•us the following letter from Dr. Harbord, detailing the result of his analysis of the rubbish alluded to, and of which, we are informed, several tons have already been sent to some parts of the country. " Dear Sir,—ln accordance with your wishes, I have examined the sample you left with me of what you (no doubt facetiously) called guano. The following is the result :—I first separated the larger particles, and found them to consist of pieces varying trom the size of a hemp seed to that of a horse-bean. Of these some were cin ders, slightly coated with lime, and still further coated with a chocolate-coloured powder (somewhat resembling guano): others consisted of portions of lime (stone) simi larly coated, rock sand, bits of what is commonly known as red caddie', and an ochry-looking loamy sand : some of the larger pieces were a mixture of all these ingredi ents, with a greater portion of lime ; these were about one-fourth of the bulk of the sample, and, when washed, presented the appearance which will be found on referring to the paper marked A. " I then subjected 56 grains of the residue, or finer portion, to a further examination, and found it to consist of, first, the contents of the paper marked B, and weigh ing 24 grains, which is nothing more than a miniature edition of A ; in short, the finer particles of the same rubbish. Paper C contains six grains of the still finer particles of the same lot mixed with the fine powder, one, twentieth part of WHICH may possibly have been guano ; or, in other words, about 1-150th part of the whole sam ple may have been guano. " The reason why I speak thus cautiously is, that al-. though I could not detect, by the ordinary chemical tests, the presence of ammonia, yet had there been originally ammonia present, the lime would have driven it off. In conclusion I would add, that any party who wishes to form some notion of the nature of spurious guano, need only wash an ounce of it in a pint of water, to enable,him to detect the impurities of such a badly-got-up sample as the one you have forwarded to me. " I remain, dear sir, yours truly, " 11. G. HARB011.1). " 4, Upper Parliament-street." ICED SALMON.—We refer our readers to an advertize ment in our first page, from Messrs. W. and B. D. Wish art. who having opened a most commodious shop in Gt. George-street, which is most excellently supplied with every article in their line. Messrs. W. have had several new boats built for the fisheries on this coast, which, with the extensive connexions they possess in the south of Scotland will always ensure them a supply of every thing in season. DOLIER'S NEW AND APPROVED SYSTEM OF WRITING. —Mr. Dolier, whose merits have long been known and appreciated in this town, as a highly successful instructor in the fine art of early instruction, has lately increased his claims to public approbation, by the discovery of a new and truly rail-road system to writing, whi c h , though simple in itself, has been acknowledged in all the towns he has visited, to be at once most efficient and practicable. The peculiarity in this system is, that while a child is acquiring, without tedious labour, the art of writing a graceful hand mechanically, it is also acquiring the means of spelling and reading, constructing sentences, appears at first view to be investing and improving the mental faculties generally. The com uition ; but from what we can learn tuition; but testimonials, both from mencing of a course of education in persons of tender five years of age—who exhibits a sur prisingyfi rh e oe a m r s o ii‘ w di i r t o. h rDd w oe r rl i i t e i or nr s l y Y in writing, and in transcribing from print. dis tinguished individuals and from the press, we cannot learn from himself that lest it might be thought doubt of its efficiency. He has with him his infant than usual pains have been taken with this gy—though she has been but a very short time on system w b e i s m 1: d h so e cthi l b t o i to s : a s n I ii x n i et o o u h s t , ihse, approaching f o a a idi c id h s, i an had d; visit, atnh de tdA little i daughter — only dt g l l n tpt, more :7 7 1:de to induct some dozen of the younger pupils in our corpo rationfeels confident that his rapid success would place the honour of art audience with her M • . ajes y at Brighton, and undermatte matter o r b a r, it y l oo i t i n t h g de — r with many of the !mutates of the land ; and has received many gratifying letters of approval, April - 0, 1844. TRIAL OF THEST. HELENS COLLIERY RIOTERS. I " 7-4 " . 'n- - 'tie trial of John Knowles, John Penketh, " , trroiv(hs J.imes Leyland, John M‘Do, , oir4ii, Thorea. ' James Welding, and W m . Wy n n. bet - n con , corned in the late colli e ry r i o t s a t St. He'e took place at Kirkdale Sessions, before the Rev. Rector Brooks, the Rev. Myles Formby, Thomas Rawson, Esq., and a respectable jury. It commenced at eleven, and ended at half-past eight o'clock at night. There were five counts in the indictmPnt. The first stated that the defendants, together with (Pliers, Were guilty of a riot. and with having assauLed seve.al persons; the second charged a conspiracy to raise the ra'e of wages of colliers, and, in pursuance of thlt cops:inicy, with having assaulted various persons; the third stated that they were guilty of an assault on the police-constables of St. Helens, while the latter were in the execution of their duty; the fourth was similar to the third ; and the last count charged them with a common assault. Mr. Hulton stated the case; after wnich an unusually large number of witnesses, consisting of police c.tuste" bles, coal-proprietors, and Shropshire roll ers, warp ex amined. When the evidence on the part of the prosecu tion had closed, Mr. Pollock addressed the ju-y, in a lon' and eloquent speech, on that of the defendants. No vnt nesses were called for the defence. The Chairman the n . summed up, and the jury, after a b ou t five minutes' deli beration. returned a verdict against all the defendants of guilty on the first count—of a riot. Mr. Mouck, having ascertained from the Clerk of the Peace that the verdict had been torinaliy entered or noted, contended that it was complete, and tiiat no further ques tions could he asked of the jury. —Mr. Hulton tlyaight they should be asked whether they acqu tied the defend ants, or any of them, on the subsequent counts. This gave rise to a long argument, at the close of which the question was asked, and the Foreman replied, that they, had found them all gu il ty o f t h e r i ot, and that they ha d acquitted them on the other counts.—Mr. Monk then moved an arrest of judgment: first, Upon the grouted that there was an imperfect verdict; secondly, because it had been taken irregularly and improperly; and, thirdly, be cause, as neither the Grand Jury nor the court were em powered to by conspiracies, the indictment was invalid. Mr. liulton replied, that there was no charge in the count of a conspiracy per se.—The Chairman admitted his ignorance or the leg a l p o i n t s i n di spute ; an d M r. M o nk, feeling th a t h e oug ht not, under the circumstances, to pres s the motion, pr a y e d th at t h e j udgment be respited, i n o rder that a writ of e rror to arrest the judgment might be ob tained in the Court of Queen's Bench.--The Chainmen granted the application, upon the understanding that the defendants should enter into recognizances, themselves in £5O, and two sureties in £25 each, to come up for sen tence next sessions, provided the promised proceedings were not taken in the interreediate time in the Court Gi e Queen's Bench. LATEST SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSAL/y r g. SUNDAY NIGHT. Our rooms were all animation this day, Kent's stable being in great force. The top offer against Bramble was 4to I, One point more was taken ; and 6to 1 about bis stable companion, Red Deer. The knowing ones were wanting to back Kent's lot ; but could not get on at the prices quoted in the Sunday papers, there being no layers. Pagan was out of favour, 7 to I being offered several times with no takers. The Bentinck party offered to back Bramble against him for £5OO, but could, not succeed. Rowland was inquired after, but layers were shy. Nut with was not much fancied ; but the old mare, Alice Hawthorn, although carrying a heavy weight, was in demand by many. For the Derby, Leander was backed at 10 to'],. and in quiries made abnut Mountcharles and Campanero ; bat no business was done. One gentleman who was laying against the Ugly Buck, said that he would pepper bate till the last minute; as he had no faith in him. The Rev. Thos. Ilarries, late of Chester, has been ap pointed chaplain to the Liverpool Infirmary, Brownlow street. We learn from the last French papers that her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, and suite, arrived at the Tuileries, on Thursday - afternoon, and was expected to make along visit to the King and Queen of the French. EDUCATION.—On Sunday morning, at St. Jude's,. after a sermon by the Rev.. R. J. M'Ghee, the sum of £37 was collected in aid'of the funds for prometing the education of the poor on the principles of the established church, in compliance with the Queen's letter. ROBBERY TO THE AMOUNT OF £3OO IN SALFORD. - " . The house of Mrs. Deborah Tayler, the Nelson Tavern; Sydney-street, was robbed; on Sunday night, of about £3OO, consisting of a £lO note, two £5 notes, and the re mainder in gold and silver. On Saturday next, there will be launched from the' building-yard of Messrs. Joseph Steel and Son, B Bffi° street, a splendid new vessel of upwards of 400 tons bur den, the property, we believe, of Messrs. Barton. Irlam,. and Higginson, and intended for-the East India trade. The WE ATHER in this district continues to be delightful, but somewhat chilly night and morning. The field and garden crops look extremely well. The wheats are most healthy and promising, and the grass-fields are becoming beautifully green add luxuriant. Fruit trees also exhibit a fine show of blossom. THE PACKET-SHIP VIRGINIAN.—This fine vessel, commanded by Captain Allen, sailed from this port on Friday morning last, with a full complement of steerage passengers. Mr. Thomas Hehner, of Yorkshire, occu pied a berth in the cabin. Several other tine vessels have recently sailed, nearly all of them crowded with emigrants. UNITED STATES.—The British and North American Royal mail steam-ship Acadia, ptain Ryrie, which was to have left Boston on the 16th and Halifax on the 18th instant, may be expected to w•rive here to-morrow or the day after. The packet-ship Independence, which would leave New York on the 7th instant, is now due. THE BIRKENHEAD DOCK BILL.—We ate informer), from a source upon which we can implicitly rely, that, notwithstanding all that we have heard so magnificently announced, the projectors of the Wallasey Docks Lave not, or had not up to Saturday night, come to any terms with the Commissioners of Woods and Forests for their interest in the strand in Wallasey Pool. SMITH'S CO NVEYANCE L IST .—N o great er proof of the usefulness of thi s li s t nee d b e g i ven t h a n i ts having of ts having risen into a l mos t genera l c i rcu l at i on . T" tpub lisher spares n o p a i ns to ren d er i t equal i n us efulness anything hitherto p ro d uce d, and'whenever any important change in the dep ar t ure o f t h e conveyance takes Plae e, a supplement is publi s hed, an d presen t e d to t h e s ubscribers Ad v . THE FASHIONS.—It will b e seen b y severa l advertize mentsin our prese n t num b er , th at th e spr i ng f as hi o ns, s° interesting to the gent l e sex have, with the fine weather , come down from th e grea t mart o f f ema l e costume t o the good old town. It we re i nv idi ous , w h ere a ll i s b eau tiful, to particularize names a n d pl aces , even were we ourselves' connoiseurs in such m a tt ers . ; b u t we can assure our fait readers, that from what we can -l earn , th ey w ill fi n d at all these establishments the mo s t b eau tif u l an d nove l d es igns' both in material and form, and th a t th e w h o l e ex hibits s high degree of taste, and anxi e ty t o p l ease ; on th e pa rt of the selectors, who have visited the respective capitals of this Kingdom and of France. We regret to state that the account received at the Law Courts at Westminster on Saturday, relative to the health of the Attorney General, are far from being so favourable as had been anticipated, and it is now a matter of consi derable doubt whether he will be able to appear in court during the present term. it has been stated, that in the' evert of the learned Gentleman's health not improving 1 11 a day or too, the briefs whiclOe held relative to new- trials , &c., will be handed over to the other members of the bap The illness of the learned gentleman has caused a delay at the various cow ts, while the indisposition of Mr. Serjeant Channell has had a very considerable effect on- the busi ness in the Common Pleas.—John Bull. REMOVAL OF CONVICTS.—On Saturday morning. at an early hour, 79 prisoners, who had been convicted at the late sessions of the Central Criminal Court, and sen tenced to transportation, were removed in, the van from that gaol to the Penitentiary at Millbank, there to undergo. a short imprisonment previous to their being taken on board the transport ship which is to convey them to. Botany Bay. Among them were William Henry Barber, Joshua Fletcher, and Henry Sanders, the parties con victed in the late will forgeries, the two former having been sentenced to be transported for life, and the latter for seven years. There were also among the female con victs the lady shoplifters, Mrs. Earnshaw and Miss Wills, whose case excited so much interest a short time since. Both Barber and Fletcher were extremely low-spirited. THE LATE FANCY BALL.—We have much pleasure in stating (as will be seen by the advertisement in anothf. , column) that the recent fancy ball at the Town-bt, which gave so much satisfaction to all w h o j o i ne d is t. " merry rout," has netted (with the addition of subscrip tions) the sum of £l2OO, whi c h h as b een di v id e d a mongst' our principal charities, as named in the placards at th e time, and to each of which—their funds being low and, ii r r adequate to the noble obj ec t s t h ey h ave in view—tue'd respective shares of the pri ze w ill b e most seasona ble an d acceptable. Putting asid e , an d w illi ng to f orget some (5 we consider) injudicious restrictions and annoyances on the part of certain members of the committee on that oc casion, the result, it must be admitted, is highly creditabliea to the majority of that body, as having acted with gene at prudence and economy. It was no t genera ll y expec ted th o _ the proceeds would amount t o so l arge a sum by two a three hundred pounds. LIVERPOOL: TUESDAY, APRIL 30, 1844. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED EVERY TUESDAY MORNING* BY JOSHUA FLETCHER LACE, of 53, Grove-street, and LEONARD ADDISON, of 14, Great Orford-street._ At bro.4,sT. GitortoE's CRESCENT,LIVERFOOS“ Orders and Adertisements are received by Messrs. Newton 01. 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