The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-10-03 00:00:00

\ FORE{" i• 4ND COLONIAL. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE HIBERNIA. The British and North American royal mail steam-ship Hibernia, Captain Shannon, arrived yesterday morning, with the usual mails from Boston to the 20th, and from Halifax to the 22nd ultimo. She was off the North-west Lightship at four o'clock, a.m., but, owing to want of sufficient depth of water on the bar, she did not reach the river until eleven o'clock, after a fine run of eleven days and three-quarters from Boston. The steam-ship Acadia, Captain Stone, hence, arrived at Halifax on the 22nd, and proceeded for Boston. The steam-ship Washington was to leave New York for Southampton and Bremen, on the 20th ult. The accounts present few features of importance. The commercial advices we give below in detail; and the poli tical consist merely of the publication of an announcement by Mr. Clay, that " he cannot accept his nomination for the dignity of President if it be tendered to him." The Boston Atlas, of the 20th states that the money market continued stringent ; the banks being unable to supply the usual demand for business purposes owing to the continued requirements for unfinished railways. The merchants were in a sound condition, and determined to act with cautious prudence. From Canada we learn that the Hon. William Hamil ton Merritt had received the appointment of President of the Council. Havana accounts of the Ist ultimo received contained no intelligence of note. From Chili we learn that goods in future will be allowed to be warehoused for six months. Certain high duties are to be lowered. Negotiations for the settlement of boundaries with Bolivia bad been suspended. In the latter place affairs were in a disturbed condition. Buenos Ayres accounts to the 18th July quote doub loons at 344 paper dollars each. Monte Video accounts state that the Island of Apipe, belonging to the Argen tine Republic, and lately possessed by the Corrientes troops, had been taken by forces from Paraguay, and the captors forced all the inhabitants to leave within three days. The Corrientes government had informed Rosas of this fact, and were awaiting his answer to know how to act. Accounts from Venezuela to the 20th August are entirely uninteresting. No event of moment had occur red. List of passengers : From Boston.—Mrs. A. Bowman, Mr. E. B. Strange, lady and child, Messrs. C. Lamson, Andrew Kirkwood, Horace Fairbanks, A. Cowther, Jas. O'Donnell, P. McNicol, W. Wheelwright, Ward, Such ard, H. E. Vincent, Thos. Gowland, George Gowland, Daniel Gowland, D. P. Blane, M. E. Scarbrow, Capt. W. McCall, J. Hall, B. H. Hulton, Jas. Gray, A. De Lupke, Mc Cawly. From Halifax.—Mrs. Dassie, Mr. Barker, and Mr. Carlyon. NEW YORK ? SEPT. 18-6 P.M.—The flour market was steady, with more doing, including considerable lots, which were pur chased for export ; the market closed firm at Saturday's prices. V. heat was steady, and saes of Genessee were made, with a small lot of Southern, on terms stated below. Corn was in fair demand at Saturday's prices. Rye was quiet without a material change in quotations. There was no alteration to notice in the price of oats. Pork was steady with moderate sales. There was no change in lard worth notice. Sugars were in good de mand, and the market closed with an upward tendency in prices. For the state of the cotton market we refer to the article under the proper head. The exports from New York ending Saturday, 15th inst., of breadstuffs to Great Britain and Ireland, was in these quantities: England. Ireland. Flour, barrels 3,377 Wheat, bushels Indian Corn, do. The export of cheese to England for the same week was 375,834 lbs. Receipts by canal within the past forty-eight hours :—Flour 22,400 barrels, Wheat 12,700 bushels, Corn 17,600 bushels, Barley 4,100 busheis. There was no change in Flour. Sales of 3,400 bushels of Genesee Wheat were made at 1301 to 131 c. Corn: Sales of 8,600 bushels were made, chiefly mixed, at 60 to 61 c. Rye: Sales of 4,000 bushels were made at 68 c. Bar ley : Sales of 3,200 bushels were made at 78 c. for two-rowed, and at 80 c. for four-rowed: more afloat. No change of mo ment in other articles. . . . COTTON TRADE.—The season having just opened, we have no returns to give from the southern ports, to compare with preVious years, the movement, thus far, having been too limited to report. At this port, the movements have been as annexed:— MOVEMENTS OF COTTON IN THE PORT OF NEW YORK. Receipts since let instant bales. 14,000 Exports do. do do. 9,000 Taken by spinners do do. 7,000 Taken on speculation do Stock in city unsold do. 30000 Amount on sale do. 6,000 Stewart's Circular says:—ln regard to future supply, it is all sufficient at present to say that the weather, this month, bas not been so propitious for the crop as we would wish, and it must be borne in mind, that it is absolutely necessary for a yield equal to the last, that we should have hot and dry wea ther at the Southwest for the next two months. So far, the weather has been changeable in Texas. So, Alabama, and Louisana. From Mississippi and Tennessee, there are less complaints, and from the Atlantic States, none. From this last section there is every indication of a yield larger than last year. For a crop of 2,600,000 bales, it will be requisite that the picking season should at least be good until the Ist Jan. next ; and whether there is negro force enouzli in the country to do it by that time, is extremely problematical. In the last crop many fields were advantageously picked as late as Febru ary; but such a season, so continuously dry, and with a total absence from wind-storms, has never heretofore been experi enced, and ought not to be calculated on. About 3,500 bales of the new crop have been received at the ports." The closing rates in this market were as annexed : ,% X LIVERPOOL CLASSIFICATION. New Orleans Mobile & Uplands. Florida. Texas. Inferior none ..ri nn t. , C , l Ctlllal y Middling Good Middling Middling Fair Ci a 6i 6j a 7 71 a 71 Fair 7 a 7 n a 7i 72 a 72 Fully Fair 7l a 71 nominal 8/ a 81 Good Fair 72 a 8 nominal 81 a 81 Fine NEW ORLEANS, Sept lB.—The Cotton market continues steady, with sales of 2000 bales. Flour rules firm, with fair de mand. We notice s'bles of 1100 barrels choice Illinois and St. Louis brands, at 5 dollars to 5 dollars 2i cents. In Corn there is considerable doing, and sales have been made of 16,000 bushels, at 52 to 56 cents. Lard is held firmly, with sales of 2000 kegs, handsome, at 10 to 101 cents. The yellow fever is gradually decreasing. CHARLESTON, September 15.—Cotton market very languid : limited sales. The following rates are a fair index of the article at the close of business:—lnferior ord. togood ord. 5 to 51 c., mid. to good mid. 51 to 51 c., mid. fair 5j to 6 c., fair and fully fair 6/ to 62c., (the latter is considered by some an extreme rate.) Sales of the week 2,500 bales, receipts in the vane time 4.331 bales. Rice advanced 1 16th yesterday on previous rates. Sales of the week 1,280 to 1,300 trcs., at prices ranging from Si to 3* c., principally from 31 to 31 dollars per hundred. Receipts are 1,560 trcs. Rough Rice, receipts of the week 11,000 bushels, of which 1,000 were sold at 92c. per bushel. Freights to Liverpool, cotton dull at Id. to 7-16ths, and 9d per bushel for corn. The French - Government received on Wednesday a dis patch from Bayonne, announcing that the Duchess de Montpensier had been safely delivered of a daughter. In consequence of very serious disturbances at Cologne, martial law has been proclaimed, and the radical papers have been suppressed. It is calculated that there must have been, throughout Egypt, upwards of 16,000 victims to the cholera ; but the exact number of cases is not known, as a register was kept of the deaths only. SUTTEE ABOLISHED.—A Calcutta paper mentior.s, as a sign of the decline of the Hindoo superstition, that a Hindoo widow of the Brahmin caste was lately married to a respectable man of the same caste. According to accounts received from Canada by the last mail, the health of the Countess of Elgin was in a fair way of permanent improvement. It is now understood that the noble earl has abandoned all idea of retiring from his high office for the present. The National Assembly received, on Wednesday even ing, the proposition that two legislative chambers shall exist under the new constitution. The funds rose in Paris on Wednesday, because of the proposition to raise a loan for the French Government in London, it is said, of 300,000,000 f. (X 12,000,000.) The conciliatory character of Prince Louis Napoleon's speech to the Assembly also contributed to the return of confidence and a rise of one per cent. in Stock. Louts NAPOLEON AND . THE FRENCH ARTISTS.—A great many engravings and lithographs respecting Louis Napoleon have just been published in Paris. A litho graph was seen on Monday representing France wearing a crown, and Napoleon rising from the tomb presenting to her his four nephews—Napoleon, son of Jerome; Lucien Murat, son Murat ; Louis, son of the ex-King of Hol land ; and Pierre, son of Lucien. The inscription was, " Napoleon presenting his four nephews to France." The rrefe,t, of Police is said to have caused the lithograph to be seized. INSURRECTION IN BADEN.—Some skirmishing took place at Bockenheim, on the night of the 24th, between the military and the insurgents. The rails between Darmstadt and Wernheim were torn up during the night, and a train (luckily empty) precipitated over an embank ment into a canal. Troops were ordered to the disturbed districts, and the insurrection was suppressed. The leader, Gustavus Struve, was taken and shot pursuant to inertia. law. ARRIVAL OF LOUIS NAPOLEON IN PARIS.—The new- ly-elected representative arrived in Paris early on Tues- jay, in the most unostentatious manner. Few were ac quainted with the fact, except his own immediate rela tions, until after he had made his appearance in the As sembly, which, being at the moment altogether unex pected, created great sensation within its walls. His election having been declared valid, he immediately ascended the tribune, and delivered a written speech, remarkable for its brevity, modesty, and good sense. He begged the Republic to receive his oath of gratitude, after so many years of exile, and pledged himself to unite most cordially with his fellow representatives for the maintenance of tranquillity, and to devote all his faculties to the defence of the Republic. At the close of his address, which was received without any particular manifestation of feeling, Louis Napoleon returned to his seat on the left. Little or no excitement was exhibited out of the Assembly. A SAD REVERSE.—A very touching case of misfortune came to the notice of the public a few days since. The captain of the ship Ocean Monarch, from Havre to this port, noticed among his passengers a lady in middle life, and her daughter, a young woman who seemed to have known better circumstances, and gave evidence in their de portment of a quiet refinement of manner very different from .hose with whom they were placed in such a com panionship. He bestowed many little attentions upon them during the voyage, and tried to make them as com fortable as their situation would admit. What was his astonishment, when a gentleman came on board to pay their passage, to find that they were the • widow and daughter of Lavitte, the celebrated banker and Minister • of Finance ; also the daughter-in-law of Marshal Be trand ! Here were ladies who, but a short time ago, re ceived in their saloons the greatest men in Europe, and even Royalty itself, enduring that worst of all miserable situations—the steerage of a ship during a long voyage.— Quebec Mercury. fr • IRELAND. THE STATE TRIALS. On Thursday, Williammith O'Brien, who was put to the bar for trial, appeared calm and but little concerned, casting his eyes occasionally around the court to recog nise friends. During , the proceedings, the Countess of Donoughmore sat on the bench alongside the Judges, while in the Sheriff's gallery were Lord Dudley Stuart, M.P., Lord Hawarden, Lord Clonmel, Lieut.-General M'Donnell, Lieut.-Colonel Pennefather, ancLa number of other officers and gentlemen. There were also in the gal lery some twelve or fourteen ladies, amongst whom were the Dowager Lady O'Brien, Lady Osborne, Lady Penne father. Mrs. Smith O'Brien, Miss O'Brien, and Mrs. Power. In the body of the Court were Sir Lucius O'Brien, Baronet, Mr. Serjeant Shee, of the English bar, Rev. Mr. O'Brien Mr. John Sees Lawlor, of Gnrteenroe, in the county of Cork. and several other relatives and friends of the prisoner. When the time came for the prisoner to plead, he replied " not guilty," in a very audible and un shaken tone'of voice. There were 288 jurors summoned, of whom 207 answered. No juror was called on a fine. Of those on the High Sheriff's panel 18 were Roman Ca tholics. M'Manus has been grievously annoyed at the Crown declining to put him on trial with Smith O'Brien, as he is under the impression that in case of the conviction of the prisoner now on trial the clemency of the Crown will be extended, and that his not being tried with Smith O'Brien, places him in a less favourable position to have his case considered in an equally humane light. After the challenge to the array was banded in the judges left the court for about an hour to enable the At torney-General to prepare his answer. During the inter val, Smith O'Brien occasionally conversed with some friends, and in two or three instances laughed heartily, and at other moments read a London newspaper, given to him by one of the reporters for the press. On Saturday Mr. Gore Jones, stipendiary magistrate, Mr. Dobbin, an approver, and many other witnesses were examined, connecting Mr. O'Brien to the fullest extent with the criminal proceedings, and joining him with the other leaders. At the close the case was adjourned. The town is quite quiet. " THE SINEWS OF WAR" AT BALLINGARRY.—The whole stock of money found on the persons of the leaders at Ballingarry amounted to the heavy sum of £2O. Smith O'Brien has undertaken to pay for competent legal assistance for all the poor men who are to be tried, leaving the choice of individuals to themselves. The Belfast Northern Whiq immortalises a cabbage, which stands four feet high, is sixteen feet in circumfer ence, and weighs 501bs. Almost every relation of Mr. Smith O'Brien, including his venerable mother, wife, mother-in-law, brother, cousins, and sisters, are now at Clonmel, watching with anxious and painful solicitude his,,trial. Whilst Mr. White, of Maya, executor of Lord Clan morris, was distraining for rent on Friday week, a large mob assembled, beat Mr. White, and after cutting open his portmanteau, burned all the documents it contained. It is said that an insurance company, in which Mr. Smith O'Brien had effected an insurance on his life six teen years ago, refused last week to receive the accruing premium. This may have been a very cautious step, but its strict legality is rather questionable. MR. DUFFY SHOWING THE WHITE FEATHER.—Notice has been given to the Government that the great literary leader of the confederate movement, the life and soul of the party, intends to plead guilty to whatever indictment the Crown may prefer against him—throwing himself on the mercy of the Executive to dispose of him as may seem fitting in the case of one who does not even question its authority, much less offer any opposition to its paramount operation. It is reported, in circles cognizant of the movements of the Roman Catholic church, that a deputation, consisting of not more than three of the bishops, including Archbishop Murray, had a lengthened interview with Lord John Rus sell during his visit to Lord Clarendon. The object of the conference, however, whether it related to the political prisoners, the grave question of a state provision for the clergy, or the general condition of the country, remains a secret. Lord John Russell has escaped the ordeal of a witness box at Clonmel Assizes; the counsel for Smith O'Brien having found out that the attorneys committed a mistake in serving him with a subpoena. He is not the noble lord, says the Dublin Herald, who sent a letter to an agitator during the Reform Bill, suggesting that it was desirable for fifty thousand men to march on London as the surest method of carrying their object; but it was some other lord, and the Confederates have the letter. If so, most wonderful they should require a deliberation of counsel to read the signature !_ Mrs. Doheny has received a letter from her- fugitive husband, announcing his safe arrival in Boulogne. He states, that he passed through the County Waterford and County Cork in the costume of a Tipperary farmer, but when he got into•the City of Cork, he deemed it prudent to assume another disguise, and, having purchased an old violin and dressed himself in a tattered suit, he played through the streets for two days, awaiting the sailing of the Juverna for Bristol, in which he took passage on the deck. When arrived in Bristol he again changed his dress, and put on a suit of black, with white cravat, and thus attired, passed up to London, and thence to the Con tinent. TREASONABLE EDITORS AND LADIES.—MT. Killaly. the editor of the Waterford Chronicle, has been lodged in Clonmel Gaol on a charge of high treason. Two young ladies, Miss Eliza Power and Miss Ryan, were arrested near - Carrick- ?mitllfizrita r virr;e " lgn f a% lie' i ;r n a m di i ceg ao l on latter is charged with harbouring her brotner and s Die O'Maboney, for whose apprehension a reward of £lOO has been offered. The ladies were travelling on a car when taken into custody. Miss Power had fire-arms and a Parcel of letters belonging to Mr. O'Mahoney in her pos session. The letters, with a very novel head-dress, namely, a parcel of percussion caps, were found in her bonnet. WIDOW CORMACK IN COURT.—The Cork Examiner says,—" A little before the sitting of the court, a fresh, good-looking woman, dressed in black, and apparently about forty years of age, mounted the steps to the witness t3ble, and, placing a seat in front of the bench, coolly seated herself thereon, to the astonishment of those in court. Justice Moore came in, assumed his place, and immediately perceived the lady in black. The judge looked at her, she at the judge ; his lordship grew puzzled, she snore easy and familiar. One of the officials of the court solved the riddle. It was widow Cormack, one of the principal witnesses, who must have mistaken her way, and taken the court for the apartment in which the witnesses are generally assembled, or it might be for the grand jury room." THE ROMANIZING GOVERNMENT.—A correspondent of the Standard thus addresses the editor of that paper " Sir,—You ask, in this day's papix, why has the law not been permitted to lay hold of them the (priests) ? &c., &c. The answer is plain,—Monahan, the attorney-general, is a Roman Catholic ; Redington, the under secretary, ditto ; M'Kenna, the assistant under secretary, ditto; O'Farrell, first commissioner of police, ditto ; Baldwin, law adviser to the castle, ditto ; O'Brien, their new serjeant, ditto ; Sausse, crown prosecutor at Clonmel, ditto. All these Roman Catholics are the persons who have the evidence against the priests in their hands on this great occasion.— The truth is, the whole thing was got up by the priests— this is accurately known ; but they deserted their tools, because they saw that the people of England would force the goverment to act, and that the government was too strong at the moment."—Here, then, we have the fact that, so far from Romanism being persecuted, it is actu ally favoured in Ireland at this moment. We showed, on Tuesday, that the Rornanists had obtained nearly the whole of the public grant for education. We now see that they have occupied nearly every office connected with the government. ATTEMPT TO ESCAPE FROM THE KILKENNY GAOL.— On Tuesday, about noon, a desperate attempt was made by some of the prisoners confined in the Kilkenny county gaol to effect their escape, by boring a hole through the boundary wall of the prison surrounding the yard in which they had been locked up for the purpose of labour at stone breaking. Upon the alarm being given, and Mr. Robins, the governor approaching the door of the yard, four of the fellows posted themselves on the passage with uplifted hammers, threatening to knock the brains out of any one who would attempt to enter. Whilst these men stood in defence of the breach, the rest of the gang were still busily employed at boring through the wall, and had made con siderable progress in the work, when the governor pro cured the assistance of three policemen who were acciden tally passing by,a soldier of the 75th Regiment, undergoing confinement, and Mr. A. Colles, who chanced to be pre sent, and arming these, he proceeded with his three turn keys to make a demonstration against the mutineers. Mr. Robins mounted the wall by a ladder, and drove the fel lows from the door by presenting a blunderbuss at them, and the turnkeys and police then rushed into the yard and soon had all the fellows in irons. A similar attempt at escape from the gaol was made not long since, but with a like result.—Kilkenny Moderator. THE REBELS AND THE GOVERNMENT.—WO censured what we considered the scandalous self-degradation of her Majesty's ministers in Ireland, in receiving a message from the insurrectionary leaders by an authorised ambas sador—Priest Mackey—specifying the terms and condi tions upon which they were prepared to surrender, with out taking any steps to compel an explanation of his con duct from the ambassador himself. We were then under the impression that the reverend delegate had been pe remptorily and somewhat sternly, dismissed by the Castle official, and blamed the government only for not having taken proper steps either to bring the officious screener of the proclaimed traitors to justice, or, at all events, to sub ject him to examination before the privy council, with a view to elicit a disclosure as to their whereabout. We were not then acquainted with the astounding facts which within the last few days have come upon unquestionable authority to our knowledge. Father Mackey conveyed to the government, as we formerly stated, an offer of surren der on the part of Mr. Meagher, and some of his compa nions, upon condition of an amnesty to all the other par ties concerned in the conspiracy. This offer, as we then stated, was rejected, hut (will the reader believe it ?) the , negotiation was actually kept open by the government ; and her Majesty's ministers in the Castle of Dublin con descended to recognise the privilege assumed by this Ro mish priest to fetch and carry between the Queen's go vernment and the proclaimed outlaws, as though he him self were the subject of an independent power, and of right exempt from the jurisdiction of her Majesty's courts of justice. In his officially-recognised character as am bassador from the rebel camp, Priest Mackey, upon the rejection of his first proposal, offered, but without the au- thority of the unfortunate gentleman on whose behalf he made the offer, that if the government would guarantee his own life, Mr. Meagher would surrender himself into the hands of the authorities. This second proposition was accepted, and Mr. .Redington, with his own hand, wrote to Priest Mackey a letter giving, on behalf of the Queen, the stipulated undertaking ! To Mr. Meagher's credit be it told. the moment, in his place of concealment, his ecclesiastical messenger placed Mr. Redington's letter before him, he penned a brief but peremptory rejection of . the government proffer, stating that his anxiety had been, not to save his own life, but to rescue others , from the dangers which menaced them. This tells honourably for Mr. Meagher. But what are we to say of the constitu tional propriety of a government who publish cautionary proclamations informing the public that it is HIGH TREASON to be accessory to the concealment of the out laws, and who yet receive a priestly ambassador sent di rect to alight Castle by these very outlaws.—. Dublin Herald. ‘. - iffE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. UNIVERSITY AND CLERICAL NEWS. The Bishop of Manchester has appointed the Rev. John Hull, M.A., vicar of Poulton-le-Fylde, near Preston, Lancashire, to be his lordship's chaplain. The Rev. G. H. Ainger, M.A., Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, has been appointed Classical Tutor to the College of St. Bees. The Rev. John Pedder, in retiring from the curacy at Kirkham, has been presented by his parishioners with a splendid silver candelabrum, and by the Earl of Derby . and Thomas Clifton, Esq., with a massive silver salver. EPISCOPAL CHURCH IN SCOTLAND.—Efforts are at present making to provide a resident curate to labour as a missionary amongst 2,000 English and Irish settlers in Anderston, diocese of Glasgow, and as soon as possible to erect a church and school. POLITICAL MISCELLANY. There were passed in the session of Parliament just ended, 133 public acts, besides a great many local and private acts. The Horsham election case, in which the Attorney- General's son was a candidate, and the learned Knight himself rather too directly interested, is not yet aban doned. The John Bull gives " Mr. Attorney" an occa sional toss, and even the Times hints that the public will " have it out." SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET RACES.—The first October meeting com menced on Tuesday, when Surplice won the Grand Duke Michael stakes without being headed. On Wednesday the St. Leger stakes, of 25 sous. each, were 'won in a canter by Mr. Burne's Sotterly ; the Granby stakes, a close race, by Mr. Payne's Farthingale. On Thursday the Queen's plate, of 105 guineas, was won by Lord Lons dale's Jericho. Friday, for the handicap plate, Of Diplomatist was first, Duplicity second. Match—Festus beat Lady Mary. Match—Tuscan beat Miuto. Sweeps T. Y. C. Circus 1, Arsenic Colt 2. William Scott, the jockey, died on Tuesday morning last, in his 51st year. In the course of a long and very successful career, he rode nine St. Leger winners, four Derby winners, and three Oaks winners. RAILWAY AFFAIRS. _4_ On Thursday the first sod - of the Lancaster branch of the North-Western Railway was cut by Pudsey Dawson, Esq. CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAlLWAY.—Traffic for the week ended 23rd instant :—Coaching, £1,651 2s. 11d. ; parcels, £59 10s. 3d. ' • goods and cattle, £l6O 12s. Ild. ; steam-boats, £232 16s. Od. ; total, £2,104 2s. Id. Three excursion trains met near the Derby station on their way to Scarborough ; they were joined together, and were said to convey the enormous number of 4,000 pas sengers. ABERDEEN RAILWAY.--The Aberdeen Railway Com pany have concluded an arrangement with the Edinburgh and Northern Railway Company, for the completion of the former line. The Edinburgh and Northern Company are to advance £20,000 per month, and to receive prefer ence stock for the amount advanced, to carry £6 per cent. interest for five years, and £5 per cent. in perpetuity af terwards. The working of the line is to be with the Edin burgh and Northern Company. From official returns it appears that the amount o f traffic for the last week, on 4,084 miles of railway, was £222,120, thus accounted f0r:—X116,916 for the convey ance of passengers only, £50,310 for the carriage of goods, and a remainder of £61,894 for passengers and goods together, not respectively apportioned ; being an increase of £25,128 over the corresponding week of last year, when the mileage was 3,270. The average earnings per mile were £56, whilst in 1847 they were £62. Mr. Vardy, the late superintendent on the London and North Western of the goods traffic at Liverpool, received a present of a gold watch and chain from the workmen, porters and others engaged in the carrying department. In returning thanks, he adverted to the fact that he was the person who loaded the first train of merchandize at Liverpool, which did not carry more than 15 or 20 tons, but after eight years had elapsed, when he left the Liver pool station in pursuance of his promotion, the trains car= lied on the average 1,300 tons per diem. FALLING OF THE ROTHER VIADUCT. A dreadful casualty, attended with loss of life, occurred at the Rother Viaduct, near the junction of the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Railway with the Midland, at Belghton, on Saturday morning. The viaduct was about a quarter of a mile in length, and was to consist of 36 arches, built on soft clayey ground. Upwards of 20 of the arches were completed, and the rest were in progress; the late heavy rains had, however, interfered with the work. The river had overflowed, and the water had found its way_ • into the foundation , . of ma a a uaie Sum& ...c.vs sinee toe commencement of the building, but measures were taken to support them, which were unfor tunately unsuccessful. The 20 arches fell in, killing two men on the spot, and so severely wounding another that he died shortly after. Two other men were also severely injured. The piers yet stand, but the brickwork of the fallen arches having blocked up the channel of the river Rother, the country around is flooded to such an extent that the place is almost inaccessible. ALARMING RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—A frightful accident occurred on Friday morning upon the Brighton Railway, about one mile before the Hayward Heath Station. Con sidering what happened, it was most providential that no greater mischief to life or limb was the consequence. The express train that leaves Brighton at Bb. 45m. does not usually stop till it reaches Reigate. On this occasion, ho never, a portion of the tier of a wheel of the engine became loose which crushed the firebox of the engine, causing the four following carriages to be thrown in disor der against each other, and off the rail. The four carri ages were much dragged, but the engine, which fortu nately broke loose, wonderfully escaped destruction. The accident occurred on an embankment, and one of the carriages was alone prevented from rolling down the steps having become entangled with the buffer of the next carriage, to which it hung. Amongst the passengers were Mr. Bransby Cooper, Dr. Iliff, and Mr. Thompson, of the Westminster Hospital, who, fortunately escaped unhurt. MEETING OF THE CHAIRMEN OF THE LEADING RAIL WAY COMPANIES.—On Wednesday another meeting took place of the chairmen of the Great Western, the London and South Western, and the London and North Western Railway Companies. The three gentlemen, Mr. Charles Russell, Mr. Chaplin, and Mr. Glyn, remained in delibe ration for a considerable time. The resolutions come to have not transpired, but it is understood among the friends of the three gentlemen that the best feeling prevailed, and that all of them expressed their deep anxiety to act here after in concert in the adoption of those means by which confidence in railway property may be restored, and its market value improved. One of the subjects which occu pied the anxious attention of the meeting, was the neces sity of adjusting the differences wich existed between them regarding their respective lines, and from the friendly spirit evinced on the part of each gentleman it may be regarded as a settled point, that there will not from this time bo any further misunderstanding between them. It was also agreed that fewer trains should be run on each of the lines, that no further responsibilities of any kind should be incurred, and that every measure which the law allows will be adopted to raise the value of railway stock, so as to insure better dividends for the shareholders. BIRKENHEAD, LANCASHIRE, AND CHESTER JUNC TION RAILWAY.—On Friday, the adjourned half yearly and special meeting of the proprietors of this line, took place in the Town-hall, Birkenhead. Alderman James Bancroft, of Manchester, in the chair. The meeting was well attended, but on the whole, disagreeably uproarious. The Chairman said the only matter of importance had reference to the joint station at Chester, in which that company, and the South and North Western, and Ches . ter and Holyhead, were interested. No contract had been entered into, binding the company, but they had been charged £6o,ooo—one-third of the cost, of the station at Chester,—though they had a line of only 15 miles, whilst. the London and North Western Company had the line from London to Chester, the Chester and Holyhead, the line from that place to Chester, and the Chester and Shrewsbury Company had the line between those places —a distance of about fifty miles. He had proposed to pay down a certain sum, and to liquidate a further amount by monthly instalments. The directors had received inti mation that an application would be made to the Court of Chancery to restrain the company from paying dividends. A notice had been received by the secretary of an injunc tion for that purpose. He (the chairman) had gone to London on the business, and had se en th e j u d g e at Roe hampton, who had dissolved the injunction. The bill would, however, require to be answered at the proper time.—The word " completed" having occurred after the mention of the list of directors, Messrs. Mallaby and Townsend objected to it, as there were only nine di rectors, while the Act authorised the election of twelve, as the complement.—The adoption of the Report was moved and seconded, and then was carried, omitting the word " completed." It appeared th a t th e r eti r i ng di rectors were Messrs. Howard, Bellamy, and Williams. A long and rather angry discussion as to the election of directors ensued, adverse interests being urged against Mr. Williams and Mr. Tootal. On the voting a scrutiny was called for, and an uproar ensued. Speakers, both lay and clerical, protested against being taken by surprise, not being prepared with proxies. After some time, Mr. Wilcox and Mr. Webster, the barrister, were appointed scrutineers, and in the course of the cross firing which took place Mr. Webster let it slip that Mr. Townsend and Mr. Brown held proxies for about 2,000 votes in three narzes. Looks of the most imploring description were cast at Mr. Townsend, and numerous were the short conferences which ensued between him and Mr. Webster, but all to no purpose. Mr. Troon proposed the terms of a compromise, which Mr. Townsend agreed to accept; but the directors would not give in. The c h a i rman sa id the board would resign if " horses with whom they could not work were put into harness" with them ; and he ob jected to Mr. Riley on account of that gentleman being troubled with an infirmity of temper. Mr. Catterall con gratulated the chairman on the fact that he possessed " temper for two ;" but ultimately it was agreed that the board should consist of twelve,—the six new directors b e i ng m um , Howard, Bellamy, Tootal, Catterall, Brown, and Roper ; and Mr. J. Tyrer was appointed auditor. — Mr. Fowler afforded considerable amusement during the proceedings with his drolleries.—The special meeting was then held, but nothing worthy of remark occurred. COURT AND FASHION. During the walks of the Prince of Wales and the Prin cess Royal in the neighbourhood of Balmoral, they have rendered themselves very popular with the children of the cottagers, by distributing quantities of sweet cakes, which they carried with them for the purpose. THE PERSIAN GOATS.—In 1843, a pair of beautiful white male and female goats were presented to her Ma jesty by the Shah of Persia. They were immediately placed under the care of Mr. Myers, riding master to the prince consort, to be trained to be run in double harness ; a tastefully and lightly constructed petite carriage having shortly before been built for their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and the infant princesses. The animals, however, were restive and unmanageable. All the pains and care which were bestowed upon them, by her Majes ty's command, had no effect ; and the result was, that they were given up as incorrigible, and turned out loose in the great park. Although less than five years have now elapsed since that period, there is now a flock of be tween 200 and 300 splendid milk white goats in the royal domain, originating from the parent stock—the couple which were presented to her Majesty in the autumn of 1843. MARRIAGE OF MISS HUDSON.—The union announced to take place between Miss Hudson, the only daughter of George Hudson, Esq., M.P., and Mr. George Dundas, M.P., will be celebrated with great splendour at Christ mas. The bride has not yet completed her 18th year, and the gentleman is in his 28th. Mr. George Dundas, who has represented Linlithgowshire in Parliament since 1847, is a deputy lieutenant for that county, and has seen con siderable service abroad in the Rifle Brigade; he is the eldest son of James Dundas, Esq., his mother being the daughter of the celebrated Admiral Viscount Duncan. The principal seat of the family consists of the fine old baronial mansion known as Dundas Castle, in Linlithgow shire, and with the surrounding domain, has been in the family since the twelfth century. RETURN OF HER MAJESTY Her Majesty did not sail from Aberdeen Harbour at the intended hour (2 a.m.) on Friday morning. A drizzling rain, attended by a thick mist, added to the heavy sea without, induced her Majesty to change her intention of going by sea to London, and to adopt the more agreeable mode of travelling by rail to the metropolis. Atleight o'clock that morning the Lord Provost went on board the Royal Victoria and Albert yacht to learn the pleasure of the Queen, and after an interview with the Right Hon. Sir George Grey, he was informed that her Majesty's commands would be communicated to his lord ship at noon. The Lord Provost accordingly waited on the Home Se cretary at the appointed hour, when it was intimated to his lordship that her Majesty had determined to abandon the sea voyage, owing to the stormy weather, and would proceed, at two o'clock, to Perth, there to pass the night, and thence go by railway direct to London. No time was lost in making the necessary preparations for the relanding of her Majesty and the royal retinue ; and when it transpired that the royal party was again to pass through the city, a vast concourse of the inhabitants be gan to congregate in the thoroughfares through which the royal carriages were to pass. It was raining fast at the time, but the showers could not damp the loyal ardour of the populace, who assembled in large numbers, so that the police, assisted by a few " specials," or, as they are termed, " Her Majesty's Honorary Guard," had some difficulty in keeping open a passage for the royal equipages. Between half-past one and two o'clock her Majesty, attended by Captain Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence, landed from the Victoria and Albert yacht, followed by the Prince Consort and the youthful members of the Royal family, and at once entered the royal carriage, which was brought to the quay. Sir G. Grey, the Countess of Gainsborough, Sir James Clark, and the other passengers in the Royal suite, occupied the two other carriages.‘ 'From the very disagreeable state of the weather tire carriages were of course closed, and her Majesty's anxious subjects who mustered to obtain a parting glimpse of the illustrious per sonages were doomed to disappointment. The Lord Pro vost and the principal civic functionaries were in attend ance at the landing of the Queen and Royal party. The carte proceeded at a a rapid pace along the quay by Marischal-street, Union-street, and Holborn, along the new road over the Bridge of Dee on the Stonehaven road, and was soon out of sight en route to Perth. Ex presses had previously been despatched from Aberdeen to Perth, to provide the necessary relays of horses at the various stages, so that no inconvenience might be expe rienced by the Royal party from any delays on the road. The ancient city of Perth, on Saturday afternoon, was thrown into the greatest possible excitement by the unex pected news that the Queen and Prince Albert, and their Royal children, were to arrive that evening from Aber deen, the contemplated voyage along the north-east coast having been given up owing to the continuance of tempes tuous weather. At an early hour that morning the inhabitants crowded to the railway station in order to obtain a view, if possible, of the Royal party, and the church bells were set a ring ing to testify the loyalty of the citizens. Her Majesty and His Royal Highness Prince Albert and the rest of the Royal suite, arrived at the railway ter minus at an early hour, and were received by the Lord -Prnvo‘t, several of the local authorities, and the principal officials of the railwfor...nd without the least nhqtrnetino or delay, departed by a special train for Edinburgh, and thence via' Carlisle and Lancaster to London. During the short period Her Majesty stayed she was welcomed with every demonstration of regard by the people. HER MAJESTY'S ARRIVAL IN LONDON. On Sunday morning. at about 10 minutes after 10 o'clock, the Queen and Prince Albert and the Royal children arrived by a special train at the terminus of the North Western Railway in Euston-square from Crewe, where the Royal party slept on Saturday night. at the Royal Hotel, the train which brought Her Majesty from Edinburgh not having proceeded further than that station on the -line. We understand the special train which brought Her Majesty and suite to town left Crewe soon after seven o'clock. Mr. Stewart, the Secretary, Mr. Creed, Mr. Brooks, and several gentlemen connected with the railway company were in attendance to receive the Queen and Prince Con sort. From the admirable facilities afforded by the ma nagement there was not the slightest delay, so that in a few minutes after the arrival of the train, her Majesty was on her way to Buckingham Palace. Her Majesty and her illustrious Consort appeared to be in the enjoyment of excellent health and spirits, and in .nowise fatigued with their long journey, which extended over a distance of more than 500 miles. CAPABILITIES OF NEW ZEALAND. The minutes of the Lord's Committee on Colonization furnish the following interesting particulars as to New Zealand:— The total population of the island is now 107,000. The soil varies very much, but the advantage of the country is in the climate. Plants which in Europe are annuals become perennials. This has been observed in the case of barley, beans, &c. The wheat is remarkably good, and grows exceedingly high, the stalk being so strong that it has the power of resisting any ordinary wind, and is never laid. It is alleged also to have produced fifty bushels to the acre. The natives never grow wheat in large quantities. The myrtle and the fuschia are large timber trees. Cabbages grow close to the sea shore, with a heart 18 inches in diameter, and radishes become larger than mangold-wurzel, as big, in fact, as a man's leg. All sorts of European fruits are found to answer, and oranges are said to grow in the northern parts. The clearing of the forests in New Zealand is exceedingly diffi cult, but generally there is no tap root. - The roots run along the surface, so that it is not very hard to gPt them up. The timber of New Zealand is much more profitable than the ordinary timber of New South Wales. The Kauri kind, which will grow 90 or 100 feet high without a branch, is in use by the admiralty for spars. At present the difficulty in their exportation is the want of facility for water carriage. The ornamental woods grow in abundance, but they are destroyed with the others in clearing, as the expense of transport would be more than they are worth in England. As respects the quality of the wool produced in this colony, the staple is long and fine, and the facility of washing it is great. Sheep, as well as the wool, thrive, and there is never occasion to slaughter them on account of the want of pasturage, or the want of water. The quantity of land necessary to support sheep is exactly the reverse of Australia. One acre would support three or four sheep in New Zealand, and it would take three or four acres to support one sheep in New South Wales. Mineral wealth has been found in abundance. Large lodes of copper have been discovered, the ore of which is good and easily obtained. Manganese abounds every where, and there are also indications of ironstone. A German doctor who came out discovered a teacup-full of small rubies fit for a watchmaker, which he found on the Manawatu river. In the south, at Wanganui, there is abiindance of coal, all on the coast, and at present quite on the surface. This coal is strongly impregnated with sulphur, so that it discolours any laekered furniture there may be in the housts, but it is admirable for steamers. It is said, however, to partake of the character of some of the oriental coals, and to have the property of spon. taneous combustion. In all directions there is abundance of "water power. The unoccupied land that might be profitably cultivated is extremely great. At forty miles from Wellington there is an immense plain reaching from Palliser-bay quite into the interior, where the natives never go, from superstition. They call it the land of witches. There is, of course, great want of labour in New Zea land, but should it come in large arrivals, it must be ac companied by capital. Wages are, at present, about 265. or 275. a week, reckoning tis. or 'is. ai the value of the rations. Some time back 50 Parkhurst boys, between the ages of 18 and 20, were sent out, but here, as in Western Australia, they turned out so badly in point of morals that they were injurious to the colony. The choicest locality in the country, both as regards harbours and in other respects, is what is called the French settlement. It consists at present of about "50 misera ble object's," and the company are, negotiating with them for their territory. The native population are improving, and there is one tribe who have got a mill for making flour, which they dispose of to the Europeans at Port Nicholson, but still they are diminishing with great rapidity—" chiefly from sickness, arising from the change of their clothes, and their habits from mixing with the white people, and also the disposal of their women to the white people." The social character of the European population is alleged to be about the"sgune as that of the population of England, and there is a disposition among many persons in the higher classes of society to emigrate from England to New Zealand. OUR SUPPLIES OF FOOD. The subjoined extracts from letters received from vari ous parts of England and Ireland, with reference to the crops generally available for human food, will be read with interest at the present time. They show that, al though the grain crops are pretty well got in, they are in many cases damaged, and in others deficient ; and that nothing at all cheering can be reported with respect to the Potatoes. It is anticipated that our supplies of Oats from Ireland this season will be good, but that only a small quantity of Wheat may be expected thence. To meet this, our imports from abroad are daily increasing. Newcastle-on-Tyne, Sept. 30.—Since Sunday we have bad almost constant rain, and rs a large breadth of grain is still abroad, we fear the quality will be much deterio rated by the untoward change. According to our inqui ries to-day, it would appear there is a good deal of Wheat still out in the remote districts, as well as Barley, whilst of other grain the great bulk is yet in the fields. Peterborough, 30th Sept.—We have had a good supply of Wheat ; the condition of the greater part is bad, from the incessant rain we have had all the week ; the supply of Barley, Beans, and Oats is upon the increase. Great Waltham, near Chelmsford, Sept. 29.—During the months of June and July I quite hoped to be able to report an average crop of Wheat, and the quality pro mised to he very fine as harvest approached ; but as thrashing has proceeded there is universal disappointment as to the yield, and throughout this county (Essex) there is a deficiency of 14 bushels per acre compared with the crop of 1847, which we reckon to have been 1 qr. per acre over an average. From the long exposure to the damp and unfavourable weather, the quality is below our anti cipations. The colour is generally good—not much is sprouted—but the average weight is not more than 6011 b. per bushel. The crop of Barley will, it is feared, be a little deficient in quantity, but the quality generally much better than could be expected after such unfavourable weather. It has been secured in good order, and the greater proportion will be of very useful malting quality. Oats are not a heavy crop, but secured in good condition. Potatoes are very bad—worse than in 1846. In many cases of the early sorts not more than 1-10th are sound, while of the later kinds fully I-3rd are already diseased. Turnips will be generally good. Wisbech,3oth Sept.—We have had an incessant rain now for two days, which has caused the samples of Wheat to come in in very bad condition. Waterford, 30th Sept .—W e had some rain in the be ginning of this week, but the wind having changed to east, it has since been fine, and rather cold, with occa sional frosts at night. The harvest is now, we may say, all secured, consequently the state of the weather is of much less importance. People here have almost ceased to talk of the Potato disease ; it is now so universally ad mitted to be only a matter of time, when they shall entirely cease to be fit for human food, already they are relatively much dearer than either Indian Meal, or coarse Flour. Limerick, Sept. 30.—Wheat comes forward more plentifully from the farmers, and the condition and qua lity show some improvement. Cork, Sept. 30.—We have received two letters under this date, which, as far as regards the native grain pro duce, are contradictory. There is nothing favourable from this quarter respecting Potatoes : the disease still goes on steadily, and each day they get more objectiona ble for human food. Belfast, Sept. 28.—The grain harvest is now so far ga thered as enables me to speak with something approaching to certainty of the result. In Wheat the breadth sown was fully an average, and in some districts the quality and yield will be as good as usual, whilst in others both will be so deficient that I do not over-state the general estimate of the crop as being one-third below an average. Barley will be a full average and of superior quality, whilst the breadth of Oats is admitted to have been much larger than usual, and the yield and quality being unusually good, it is not saying too much that the surplus of Oats will com pensate for the deficiency in Wheat.—The breadth of ground under Potatoes was large, and, up to a certain period, was most promising ; but, as it came up to that period (earlier or later in the season, according to the time of planting), symptoms of disease showed themselves, more virulent in some districts than in others, but in all suffi ciently so to excite great alarm, and the result has been the premature raising and consuming of a large portion of the crop ; this is still going on, and, with the disease, will reduce the quantity by fully a third (some say a half) ; still, from the breadth planted, there is now mere of them available for human food than we had during the entire of last season, and this calculation places out of account the quantity consumed since the disease made its appearance. MR. DUNCAN'S SECOND LECTURE ON THE CURRENCY. On Tuesday evening Mr. Duncan gave his second lec ture on the effect of our Monetary Laws in producing periodical panics and suffering of the commercial and working classes; and notwithstanding the disadvantage of a wet evening we were glad to observe a numerous and attentive audience present. In the opening portion of his remarks the Lecturer gave a lucid history of the pro ceedings which followed the suspension by Pitt of the restrictions of 1797, by which the country was enabled to meet, without the aid of paper money, the immense ex penses of the war with France ; and proceeded to shew that the act of 1819, restoring cash payments was not understood by its author, and was foisted by a juggle upon Parliament and the country. He shewed that Leonard, Homer, Mr. Huskisson, and others had acted incunsistenily upon the question. He then proceeded to skew, in opposition to the fallacies of the bullionists, that gold depreciated as well as paper, and that Peel's pound, said to be invariable, had depreciated last year ; and yet this was the solid rock on which the mercantile interests of this great country depended ! In 1797, had the sus pension of cash payments not taken place, the Bank of England would have been bankrupt, and it was equally certain that if Lord John Russell and Sir Charles Wood had not written their celebrated letter in October last the Bank of England would have been bankrupt again. There were failures in Liverpool and in London. Take the house of Reid, Irving, and Co., who had failed ! Why, if they had only got an act of Parliament extended to them in the same manner as the Bank of England had acts of Parliament extended to it, they would not have failed. Manufacturers and tradesmen were driven into a corner by the present false system ; but directly the Corporation, in which the government had a sort of quasi partnership, were affected, then•the laws, by which all other tradesmen were crushed, were suspended and declared bad. (Applause.) He then reverted to the end of the war, and to the dreadful suffering of the nation after the declaration of peace, in consequence of the re sumption of cash payments. ,He quoted from Sir James Graham's work on " Corn and Currency," to show that the first effect of the peace was to prostrate the whole of the large amounts realised by the merchants and traders during the war. After having referred to the language used in the House of Commons by Mr. Prosperity Robin son, and to the recantations uttered by Ricardo and Hor ner on the subject of the currency, he alluded to Sir Ro bert Peel—a man, he said, who had never yet originated any public measure—who had not given any evidence of possessing a creative mind—but who had given extraordi nary instances of tergiversation on the emancipation ques tion and the corn laws. He also quoted from a speech of Lord Ashburton, a gentleman, he said, of creative mind, who had looked into the future and could see no end to the pressure so long as we adhered to bullionism. (Ap plause.) Mr. Gilbart, the manager of the London and Westminster Bank, bothered Sir Robert Peel dreadfully, and he wanted him to retract ; but he stuck manfully to his text. He was asked, " Are you of opinion that a suspension of cash payments would be necessarily the consequence of a war ?" His reply was, " Necessarily is a strong term : but I think it would be the best measure, and I should certainly adopt it." A ques tion was then asked him about securing the convert ability of the note ; and he answered, " In a time of war I would stop payment at once, because it would be better to do so before the gold went than afterwards." This was Mr. Gilbart's defence against invasion. But the country was now in a state of invasion, not of the French or any other nation ; but an invasion of paupe rism. If they found their poor-rates rising £7,000,000 a year—he dare say it would next year be £B,ooo,ooo—and progressively increasing, they might safely say that pau perism was a state of war. It was a war of the hungry and the needy against those who possessed property ; and it became a question whether they were taking a wise course to preserve that property. They would not suffer the people to be self-sustaining, and the consequence was, that they forced them to become thieves and spoliators. After referring to some other points, Mr. Duncan pro ceeded to the bill of 1844. At the end of twenty-five years' experience, Peel had fairly admitted that the bill of 1819 was a decided failure. If not, why did he introduce the bill of 1844 ? In that bill he began by asking the question, " What is a pound ?" And he answered it by saying, "A pound is a certain quantity of metal, of defi nite weight and fineness; and the obligation to pay a pound is an obligation to pay 123 grains of gold, neither more nor less." Now they found that the weight of the pound had been constantly varying. In the time of William the Conqueror the pound was 12 ounces, or 576 grains ; under Edward the Third it varied from 437 to 384 grains : in the reign of Henry the Eighth it was 213 and subsequently 192 grains ; in Elizabeth's time it was 172 grains, in Charles ll's, 129 grains; a very clear proof, indeed, that the pound, "according to law, to immemo rial usage, to the ancient monetary policy of the empire," had always been " a definite weight of definite fineness !" If the pound had been thus reduced, there was no reason why we should not reduce it still more, to sixty, fifty, forty, or even to a single grain. He mentioned this as an instance either of his gross historical ignorance or of his still more disgraceful conduct in palming a falsehood upon the people. But in the very speech in which he gave this definition he violated the whole of his principles Mr. Duncan here explained the provi sions of the bill of 1844. Thirty-one millions of notes were allowed to be issued by the bankers in different parts of the kingdom, without being based on gold. If they went beyond that they must find the metallic basis. But what, then, became of his doctrine that the obligation to pay a pound was an obligation to pay 123 grains of gold ? Thus, they found, he just carried the principle as far as it served his purpose, and involved the whole com munity in misery, simply and solely because he trifled with the truth. The lecturer next reviewed Mr. Jones Lloyd's theory of a natural cycle of prosperity and adver sity, upon which he made some caustic remarks, touch ing, in conclusion, upon the operation of the new poor law, which was ena2ted, he said, for the purpose.of keep ing up the bullionist system. Contrasting the condition of the labouring classes in England with that of the slaves in the West Indies, he said that in this country we abso lutely forbid the working man to live. Skilled labourers, sober, industrious, steady men, attached to their families,• with every moral inducement to work, and willing to work, could not get it. They went to their employer, who said, ".I am very sorry, but prices are so low we cannot Oct. 3,1:4:. afford to employ you ; there are no sales." The"! 4 3 34 this cry in every direction ; but no effort was made Wm vestigate the subject and get rid of the nuisance. was it that intervened to prevent those who were Iv l ig , to consume from doing so ? It was nothing but bill ism, which said, " You shall produce up to a c er tio tsi e point, but no further." He would show them the nos of the check. In order that the employer might ge t i g i b, profits, and the laborers good wages, prices must be They could not receive high profits or pay high w a g e :ere of low prices. When prices rose, all the population /18 comfortable. The foreigner came and sold carge' dit o partook of all their high prices, because all comal9,lo were high. He brought, say a cargo of wheat. he had sold it, he considered what he would take " 0 5 He thought of iron, perhaps; but he found that ironto, £l2 a ton, and he could buy it in Sweden for s i o He said, " I find that by an ac t i n t r oduced by Mr. " Lloyd, and passel by Si r R o b er t P e el, there is one r?„,; modity that is always cheap—which never rises in triry that is gold." He went to the bank of England wit°, of . notes he received for his cargo, purchased gold, al. 6 0 tied it away, instead of their manufactured go ods. to that they were hit double. They lost their gold, s'', ll o,o their manufactured goods were left on their hands. Ba d lecturer pursued this part of his subject at some lentb, proved from returns o f d ec l are d an d official value , 1 ,7 0 from £60,000,000 to £70,000,000 were annually lost to country by the way in w hi c h th e f ore i gn t r ade was ea rl on. eere l At the conclusion of the lecture he was loudly ch as he had frequently been during its delivery. CORRESPONDENCE. .- CONVERSION OF CHUN-AH-YOU. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL ST.?•- n 'A, SlR,—Should you deem this communication of s7l cient interest to be entitled t o a pl ace i n y o ur columP o ' n , shall be obliged by its inse r ti on i n 'your next impre ss ' My chief motive in visiting the Chinese Exhibition t b .with a view to enter into religious conversation % . it n tu p native of China who accompanied it ; for until last day I was not aware that any clergyman bad had b ; conference with him previous to my having spoken l? p I When I had surveyed the contents of the Exhi fixed on three colossal gilt statues as a pretext yoo, introducing the subject of Christianity to Chu n ' a n -- ;,unk but, now that he is a Christian, called Dili Taking an opportunity of seeing him quite disengao - gs, approached and asked him which one of those three tues represented Jos. He said they all represent I then observed to him, that to make an iniege l oo ? matter of religion was very wrong. He said, " Catholics make images." " That is true," I r e riblet " but the Catholics do wrong in this; because the,l3oo which is the word of God who made us, says, l ika shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any !be, ness of any thing that is in heaven above or that is iS earth beneath, or that is in the water under the eartiboe " But," said he, " Catholics read the Bible." " Sell of they do," I replied ; " it does not thence follow that, joll, are at liberty to make images in connexion with relic , oo y The reading of the Bible, without doing w hat it e t bi mands or abstaining from what it forbids, wil l l , l3 , 3 ° cet' sufficient to please God and to save us from puh's" - : ioe' Those who make an image in connexion with rehg o ll are idolaters ; and the Bible says that idolaters, a t s . d r as the fearful and unbelieving and other wicked ei'V ters, shall have their part in the lake which burneth d o fire and brimstone. Those who read the Bible, a n gble contrary to what the Bible tells them, drag the "d to after them ; whereas the Bible ought to be allowe De lead, and not made to follow them." HerenPl i cee laughed. I observed that the subject about which lo g, speaking was no laughing matter. lie said, "You / sir, excuse my laugh, I could not help; you said 50 fa int about people dragging Bible after them." th' e n " be bit o io t asking him whether he were a Christian or a p:-Ifinot said that he was not yet a Christian, because he L' 4 oed , been baptized. " There is another reason," I eoutfoo.4 " why we should not ma k e any i mage o f G o d ; having never seen him, we do not know to wlia t cot; like." He then said, "If you never see him, l' c ' e . sre know he is ?" " V er y eas il y ," sa id I ; f or thel;aicb many things which w e h ave never seen nor can see'- that we believe exist nevertheless. You have within Ye li wb ieb, which fears, hopes, loves, & c ., th a t i s , your so ul ; goo' though you never saw it, y ou k now t o ex i s t w ithin bo rer You have been at C a nt on ; b u t th oug h I was n ever t oil a and so never saw that c ity, I b e li eve t h a t t h er e is 5 tha t place as Canton. Why, then, should we not believe h oe there is God though we never saw him, when w e d at ourselves and his other creatures above and all aroun ieg o as witnesses of hi s ex i s t ence ? B es id es, hi s Son, Jesus of Christ, has decl are d hi m t o us , an d i s t h e b r ightns her e , his glory and the exp ress i mage o f hi s person , and, I R O fore, we must not make any image of God, because Christ is the image of him, and that one image is bito cient ; and those who do no t b e li eve i n hi m and kri° p ole through Jesus Chri s t w ill b e d es t ro y e d, f or " therel!_ i ce other name under heaven g i ven a mong men where b y must be saved." He th en sa id, " They w ill noth, ai dy stroyed if they never hear about him? " "C e r isb not," I replied. " Th e he a then or pagans will not Pe, po t because they have not believed in Jesus Christ, o ' l 4 , whom they had no t heard, but because they did not u,O ship God rightly, but made an image through vvh ic k;, , worship him ; and you will be without excuse if you o '4 tinue to do as you were taught from your youth, bees a to you have heard of Jesus Christ ; for it was withiLv-gtion make him known to yoiu that I entered Into conv e ';':, of with you. He came into the world to o bey and (-nod notus, p th er a i t sh , b o n so t e n v a er ve h e e te ar r s ne o l f l a if n e d ; b en el d ie h v e es w i i n u h e i n m mea * b _oo L4 more, as a judge, to call all men , w h o have h Gospel preached to them, to an acc ou n t as to their ha o f received and obeyed it, and to reward with the Pl ihr e heaven those who have belie ve d o n him as the stwi net for their sins, and as th e L or d th e i r r i g hteousness;, po t to punish with everl a sti ng d es t ruc ti on th o se who did and repent of their sins, believe in him for their parddn'svocif did not obey his Gospel." "D o y ou sa y," he thert, " that there shall be anything after this life ? is sP' there shall be ; because th e Bibl e t e ll s us that roo t; pointed unto men once to die, but after this thejog tp .ith' and we shall assuredly meet again, and then if, 11 , e p d standing what I have said to you, you shall be 0 1 s hiP have paid no attention, you will be punished, but .0 f lee have delivered my soul, because I warned you 1 0 0 0 from the wrath to come, and to believe in Jes ,ls hid for salvation." I then told him that I would se e ,i o sce again ; and the sub s t ance o f my su b sequen t inle rs bjeet with this interesting young man, shall form the s ' l of a future letter. Believe me to be, sir, your faithful servant , , o S, SAMUEL FEN.' Wavertree, 26th Sept., 1848. - . 1 ,1). THE " BIRKENHEAD PROPHETIC HE— A n ,„,- A /V i TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STAiv ic SIR,—I am obliged by you r p u bli ca ti on —l a st vire e n ia d my note respecting the " Birke n h ea d P rop h e tic ge r ; e it has brought me the following, w hi c h p er haps 1 13 b5 c7 be so good as to insert for the satisfaction of the su bers generally. " Dear Sir,—lf you wish it, I shall gladly returl.ll49o any balance due on the Prophetic He ra ld ; d °l o l o° to those subscribers who have paid m e w ould 531 ;d i ° about £5O. I hope however to have a number Po e ar ift . ' about three weeks, as the matter is al r eady in 1 103ng ; i ft' The delay has been totally unavoidable on TO P o . ° Faithfully yours, T H E En ll.° Birkenhead, Sep. 27th, 1848. W I) Now, Sir, I think the subscribers cannot do bet ter s or accept the editor's offer to return their money, f °l. 011 111 pears that the number' for January, 1847, is n OO ° s ll ol c manuscript, and with the many duties the editor l'a_cto' ott dertaken, they may rest assured there is no Pro v p e the work being more regularly published. For t°21001; I shall be quite satisfied with having the numbers T' sv itb; published put into a readable form, they being Y e o t out index or title-page; and I have written to re cc subscriptions may be returned to me.—l am, obliged, A SUBSCRI' THE BIRKENHEAD DOCKS.-- etin4ver' r wouldgmb a tl gr O .e d sw h , n d Ee e ni r S aleicficc w eto a ri was ndt hahtenhe accordance cn o hwd n aie T rrht, un undertaking. —Baron ho s i n d re g a at y . te a .B— t pa t Tur h orh e pneo L sco o e n iolo l fui : iirs ; : :: f t i f ing, or not, the raising of £50,000, on preferentjuau Fful, the money was required to complete certain v, r u hlt, wps in oei O imci v tce i h o od g fewg a tohr r uee e els s : o o l gg u f ir t vt i e o eha n et , materials, amplews o a r i d ksa t b l ec e oi r n e mbga w mdc a ao s srdtr n aiile o tl id w oi sn,oi s tuhtt b oi r at ] otitisceteo o , eeei pst, The bondholders, if they chose to make a 53 I se" ti • then OPP the means of accomplishing that part of the un, thn - c e trade, by damming up the pool; but in the fir s P re ea it had been deemed better to p ro pose the issue °,oweret, rential mortgages. The resolution thereby e 93 0 r f the trustees to borrow £50,000, the tender s t he r e e t ho would have a prior claim for their interest tiliu n nue that would be derived from the damming ' gr' t be pool by the money proposed to be borrow e 0 ra ise en t Bailey, jun., M.P., seconded the resolution , .t epr , money as stated.—Mr. Rendel, the civil 04'1; slre s o l e into some statistics of the docks. The vwr 6 aere s Of i‘ co lo m r p p l e e t t h ed D e o o c m k porfiselitahcereWs,oothdesidEegßeratsoinn of k (1 0 13,0 r DOC o it from Morpeth Dock to the Great Float) of 3 . 1 a cv s f 610 h• making altogether 16 acres of basin and 7 acs wa t aPP. a d accommodation. In order to make the Great I:_ ;c oo c u,, s , cable to the trade of the port, it was necessarytgue;o9 the water ; and preparatory thereto a large " 1 3 / 0 0..0 sary to carry off the land water from 13idston . et h 1 1 : o f been made at an expense of £30,000. Thelkl;3% a co."; es, and the Egerton Dock had been completed ira po es , £160,000. It remained only now , therefore, e thste the waters in the Great Float, in order to 13 33 tr 3 ' l teo tensive space available for the timber tra a _ fl po great importance, but very inadequately c(, u t to Foie at Liverpool. The Liverpool dock trustees wept for 4 (1 liament last session for a bill to construct a,uutu timber trade, upon which they propose", un der, jO or six years. He thought, therefore, it vr_ i cs 0 0 the bondholders upon the Birkenhead Do n wor ks, , the £500,000. This work could not be executa7rutecrol already expended upwards of £200,000 ?_ iow nue .. . 3 o o. .£60,000 in plant, to spend £50,000 more I ( ' f t his 'i c or He had no doubt but that he could proe e t he for t who would execute the works altogether „ eve r , Baron Goldsmidt said he had no and whatever Wool and that if waters of the Float, for the accommodation . a contoor s o.. , ultimate prosperity of Birkenhead, a , n „,., h er , o, oou so large a sum as £150,000 in the undertialigi e , 2 ., .3 the not hesitate a single second in advan, _ resu luti t h himself, so great was his confidence. nu mortgages to the existing shareholders t ber, was also carried. carried.—Another resolution, giving p.refortneel?..,ctu, theilt the ltith v Oct, 3, mifte,.„,, The Qtteft k(IIIBIT FA sii SI