The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1840-08-11 00:00:00

flitptrial Varlianunt. HOUSE OF LORDS.—THURSDAY. A number of bills were read a third time and passed. Lord DIIIVCANNON then moved the order of the day for a mmittee upon the Holyhead and Shrewsbury roads bill The motion was opposed by I through corn SALISBURY, but upon amendment was negatived , and the bill passed Loril LYNDHURST presented two petitions on the subject the present condition of Cracow, with reference to its Lord MELBOURNE ing every exertion in I house might depend upon his ower to obtain for the city of was entitled under the treaty w the r .ords from Lord BROUGHAM, expressing the should feel if anything occurred to interrupt PN moved the order of the day to consider tde by the Commons in the Irish rnuni- d LYNDUURST said, that the amendments which had ntroduced were nearly 60 in number, and opened al :very question upon which their lordships had decided. oble lord then went through the amendments, scarcely g an observation, and, after stating those to which he I, moved for a committee to draw up the reasons which fluenced their lordships in dissenting from some of the I short discussion the committee was appointed, and g been forwarded a stage, DUNCANNON moved the third reading of the clergy es bill. the brinein- 1 bills havir 1 of the report on the ecclesiastical du- d revenues bill, the Bishop of EXETER moved a pro sting the appointment to the deanery of Exeter in the r of that cathedral 1 MELBOURNE opposed the proviso as an exception to aeral operation of the clause, and on a division it was ved by a majority of 10. _ _ _ _ er one or two amendments had been introduced, the as read a third time and passed. other orders of the day having been disposed of, the HOUSE OF COMMONS.-THURSDAY ,etition was presented from Mr. W. Cobbett, complain ' the mode of taking written instead of oral testimony Court of Chancery. iresome conversations to which the ns' bill bad before given rise took place at four specting divers amendments proposed as additions third reading. It should seem, however, to be a hick no addition, amendment, or moth to render practically useful, unless !cessible tribunal than the Coto t of to hear the applications for the coa and Mr. LANGDALE were the chief inter (' conducted theinselves with much pertinacity r part of the bill, and finally against the bill as a rsifying the dialogue with a few divisions, which ;ing of the measure lace - on Mr. AGLIONBY'S adjourned a to examine into the treatment of use, without further debate, decided s; the ho of the day having been gone through, Mr. whether ministers had any information as to the ,f the morning's report respecting the advance of answered, that he wholly disbelieved r having arrived in England who had to at which the Russians were supposed dE then called the attention of the house to the relations with France and the other great powers in reference to Egypt and Syria. He endeavoured r extracts from despatches, that Britain, as well as d, for the last eight years, recognised, and even .eed the authority o(Miliemei Ali in Syria. It was it orders had been sent to Captain Napier to oppose lg of the pacha's troops at Beyrout. This if true, :0 a perilous war ; if false, it could be easily con- He wished to know whether' the convention of ia, Russia, and Prussia, had been signed, and __ere would be any objection to lay it on the house before the close of the session. He depre rof the convention. He called on ministers trous war and abide by their own pledges of e ' • instead of which they were now acting on f the holy alliance, and throwing off the friend the only constitutional government in Europe. ht this country had to interfere id, Austr what rig the Porte and any Of its vassals. The hostilities of fourteen months had been 'owing to England, and now bringing the hazard of war upon herself. The is of France showed the feeling entertained in that Meanwhile, every assistance given by us to the mope served to strengthen that power and to endanger a dismemberment of He concluded by moving an address to the crown y of the convention. 'ALMEnSTON desired to express an opinion diame e to that of Mr. Hume, as to the policy pur t Britain on the affairs of the east. The ;ed by Mr. Hume to be proved by the de ed to was by those very despatches distinctly Whatever the causes of the revolt in Syria, ference was not among them. The instructions British government to Captain Napier, in com r fleet, were to protect British interests. His rence had been with the Egyptian commanders, at the. atrocities which were there permitted, but at interference had fortunately the effect of mitigat- The convention, of which a copy was asked, had been ; but, until it should have been ratified, it could not Iduced to parliament. He denied that there had been tention to throw off the French alliance, which, on the Lry, the British government continued to cherish as of ghest value, not only to those nations themselves, but 1 being of Europe ; and he did not believe that the verence would be more than temporary, still less it would lead to anything like hostility between two tries having so many interests in common. He was glad, to have this opportunity of declaring that no conceal : had been practised by England toward France. The les to be pursued Were fully agreed on by both us, and the difference was merely as 63 the means best ed in a particular case to the advancement of those prin- It was by such a policy as Mr. Hume recommended, policy of her Majesty's ministers, that the urkey would be endangered. The treaty of obe renewed. Russia had engaged counter-securities, all claim to its sad been made by all the powers. the concurrence of France to the ave, upon The failure of these efforts was much to be _ tted ; but he would say that there was no foundation he alarm so studiously propagated, that France had news of hostility to England. And the consciousness ke honest intentions of the British government toward ce confirmed him in his conviction that their good un :anding could not be disturbed. This statement was ved with loud tokens of gratification by the house. r. LEADER thought there was some ground of suspicion e language of the French papers. The French were a tilious people, and he feared that the feeling of wounded lur would spread among them. fle could see no advan in Eastern policy which could compensate for a breach n England and France. Certainly there was no hostile toward France among the people of England, who, on itrary, were sincerely desirous to continue in amity their French neighbours. He hoped Lord Palmerston I be able to say that there had been no want of courtesy rd France in the conduct of the negotiation. ice, replied Lord PALAtERsToN, was told all along that her four powers earnestly desired her concurrence, but should this turn out unattainable, she must not be sur fif they acted without her. An ultimatutn having been which she declined, the other four powers then that they must act upon it without her accordingly. that, they had recurred to her, and said, " You see now will you not give way ?" they would have her, not a courtesy, but an affront. Of such a would have been justly entitled to complain. a thought the French minister should have had '-ss France acceded, the treaty would be signed T. LEADE that unl rtain da thdrcw his motion, Mr. BRISCOE expressing iction that the English had no hostile feeling toward and his obligation to Lord Palmerston for having country at peace for the last ten years. HOUSE OF LORDS.—FRIDAY. assent was given by commission to no less than eoman Usher then announced that the managers on of the Commons were ready to meet those ap )y their lordships to confer upon the amendments in municipal corporations bill. Several peers were ;ly nominated to manage the conference, and on :urn, Lord CLARENDON informed the house that 1 left with the managers from the Commas their course they adopted on the amend either house. otion of. Lord CLARENDON, the railways bill was time, and several other bills afterwards passed nmittee. ion then ensued upon a petition presented by IAM from a Mr. Bertin, formerly a printer in 5, who stated that during his residence in the ;pirit having been carried to an extreme excess, e obnoxious in consequence of his zealous sup went, and that at a time when the populace y violent the office in which his business was I been assailed, and his life endangered by the !nt party. He had been afterwards convicted preme Court for a libel published in his paper; ise ;Fiesidencehad been withdrawn, and hisshisses consequently very great. A small sum had been as compensation, but, as it was by no means ade ? the injury he had sustained, he was obliged to apply )rd CLAucNnO - ri defended the conduit - of the colonial Trirnent, and was convinced that M. Bertin had not been •--- ed in so harsh a manner as he had represented. )rd BROUGHAM said a few words in reply, and the sub dropped. ord LoNnosntany, in reference to the claims of the ,ish Legion. said that he had read the correspondence ph had been laid upon the table, and he was bound to e that nothing could he more satisfactory than the ngement which had been made. A sum of £50,000 had i transmitted to this country, together with securities for -- , ent of £250.000, and compensation, the amount of • - settled by the two governments, would also I answer to some questions from Lord Haddington, Lord LMANBY stated that the inquiries of the sanatory corn iioners in Scotland would be directed exclusively to the ct of ascertaining the state and progress of disease. it duties would at present be confined to the large t owns , he thought their report would not be ultimately complete 1 it was extended to the rural districts. )me conversation then ensued on the evidence given last by Mr. Rowan, before a committee on Ribandisin in and, and Lord HADDINGTON afterwards took occasion dvert to the agitation which was at present going on to ,ng about a repeal of the unio The matter appeared st serious when it was considered who were the leaders the agitation, and be thought it highly culpable in the 7ernment not to have expressed their disapprobation of h proceedings. Jrd NORMANDY professed his desire to give every infor .ion that could he afforded on the subject of ribandism, the same time that he deprecated discussion on the point of the trial The - noble MARQUIS then moved the second reading of administration of justice (Birinineham) bill. Lord WAttwicx opposed the motion, but after a short assion i carried without a division The Commons' amendments oti ti;e7l;ncery bill intro ced by Lord Brougham were then agreed to. The ecclesiastical courts bill passed through committee. pon the bringing up of the report, however, Lord DEVON proposed the addition of a clause to the ect, that John Thorogood should not be released until the to and costs had been paid, either by. himself or some other rson or persons. _ The LORD CHANCELLOR declared that such a clause ►uld frustrate the object of the bill ; but the Duke of ELLINGTON and Lord ELDON having spoken in support the amendment, it was carried upon a division by a majo __ the other orders were then disposed of, and their lord- Nmed HOUSE OF COMMONS.."—FRIDAY. Very little business was done. The report of the xefusal of the Lords to Abandon their amendments was received, and the House of Commons gave way, Lord Morpeth " eat ing the leek" with good will, and Mr. Pigot at last gulping it with a wry face. Mr. W. ATTWOOD moved for certain returns respecting lighthou3es and pilots, which were ordered. The ecclesiastical bill, with amendments, was brought from the Lords, and Saturday was appointed for the consi deration of them. _ The house then adjourned, at half-past six o'clock HOUSE OF LORDS -SATURDAY The linen, &c., manufactures (Ireland) bill, the postage duties, &c., bill, the Dublin police bill, the highway rates bill, the ecclesiastical courts bill (No: 1), with amendments, the stock in trade bill (No. 2), were severally read the third time and passed. There was a message from the Comnfons importing how far they had agreed with their lordships in the amendments to the municipal corporations (Ireland) bill; and which also forwarded the coal duties (London) bill, &c. Their lordships afterwards adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS.-SATURDAY The coal duties (London) bill, after some ineiectilal oppo sition, was read the third time, passed, and forwarded to the Lords. On the motion of Lord J. Russell, the lords' amendments to the ecclesiastical duties and revenues bill were generally agreed to. On motion of Lord SEYMOUR, the lords' amendments to the railways bill were adopted. On motion of the ATTORNEY-GENERAL, the lords amend ments to the court of chancery bill were agreed to. The Lords' amendments to the ecclesiastical courts (Tho rogood's release) bill, were agreed to, Lord J. ItossELL having stated that he should not object to their adoption, Mr. HUME brought forward the affair of lighting the house, but after some conversation, and on the understanding that it should be left in the hands of the Speaker, he withdrew his motion on the subject.—The house then adjourned. GREAT EXPLOSION AT SPITHEAD AGAINST THE WRECK OF THE ROYAL GEORGE (From a Correspondent of Me Timer.) By far the most magnificent exhibition which has yet been witnessed of the enormous force of gunpowder when ex ploded under water, took place on Wednesday last at Spit head. It is obvious that no extent of description could con vey a just conception of so vast and novel an operation, but it may interest your readers to know, that under circum stances apparently similar such very different effects should be produced. On the former occasions, when Col. Pasley exploded his huge cylinders at the bottom of the sea, the water rose to the height of 30 or 40 feet, and generally in a solid mass, in form like that of a haycock. But on Wednes day it was forced to the amazing height of at least 80 feet, in a sort of pyramid, or set of pyramids and jets, which not only dispersed the water far in the air above, but carried it to the distance of more than 100 yards on every side. The charge, which consisted of 23 barrels, or 2,2501 b., was placed at the depth of 11 fathoms and a half, or about 70 feet under the surface, nearly over the original position of the fore-hatchway of the old ship. That expert diver Mr. John Fullager, of Chatham, having first carefully examined the spot and made his report, redescended in company with the monstrous cylinder, which he placed in such a way that when the powder should be ignited the mass of mud which obstructed the workmen might be driven away, or so loosened as to allow the tide to carry it off. I should mention that Colonel Pasley's operations have been carried on of late with so much activity by Lieutenant Symonds and his party at Spithead, that almost all the wreck not ouite buried, has been dislocated by small charges of powder, and drawn up to the surface. One day last week huge mass of the kelson, which lies just above the keel, was recovered. This evidence of the operations having reached very nearly to the lowest part of the wreck gave great spirits to all concerned. But such were the quantity and the tena city of the mud, that the labour of extracting the fragments became excessive, and this prodigious explosion was resolved upon, less with a view of tearing asunder the remaining beams, timbers, and planking, than of sweeping out the mud in which they lay imbedded. It may be further remarked, that, while as a mere engineering operation, it would be very disgraceful not to remove every particle of the wreck, that part of the anchorage would be now almost as inconvenient or useless as it formerly was if the dislocated and dispersed fragments were allowed to lie in the way of ships' anchors. All this expense and trouble, therefore, have become abso lutely necessary, if we wish to have the finest anchorage in the Kingdom, we had almost said in the world, rendered in all its parts fit for her Majesty's ships to ride in in all weathers. The day was fine, and the collection of yachts and pleasure vesiels of every size and rig exceeded all that had been drawn together before, so that Spithead, for a circuit of half a mile round the Royal George, was one dense mass of shipping, row-boats, cutters, yawls, schooners—and last, not least, immense steamboats, crowded half way up their funnels with strangers from a distance. Wii . on Colonel Pasley's preparative trumpet sounded, the hubbub was instantaneously stilled, and all eyes were turned to the launch in which Lieutenant Symonds stood with the ends of the connecting wires of the voltaic battery in his hands. Scarcely had the word been given to " Fire !" and the trumpet sounded, when the whole area was shaken as if by an earthquake, the surface became ruffled like the top of a glacier, and in the next instant, literally in less than two seconds, the water bulged up and rose to the height of about 20 feet, after which a sort of second burst or bulge occurred, which projected the sea in huge masses, as I hive said, high into the air. _ _ . _ . . Such was the violence of this effort, that the spray was thrown completely over all the adjacent vessels in a drench ing shower, accompanied by a violent gast of wind radiating from the centre. Immediately such a shout was raised as I never heard before; and when this first involuntary expres sion of satisfaction was over, three deliberate jolly cheers from the vast crowd saluted the gallant officer whose suc cessful perseverance has afforded them so extraordinary a treat. Various estimates were formed as to the height of the column or columns of water. Some went as far as 100 feet, and some as low as 50, but I feel sure that the mass of water could not have been projected less than 80 feet into the air. The commotion in the water, and the ocean of mud, (lead fish, and other symptoms of violence which spread far and near, gave every promise that the operation will answer the purpose which Colonel Pasley has in view, but as yet I have not learned what the report of the divers is. WRECK OF THE LORD,CASTLEREAGH (FURTHER PARTICULARS.) The following details of this lainentable catastrophe arc contained in a letter from P. Jenks, one of the survivors, to his employers Messrs. Hortuusjee, J)orabjee, and Co., of Bombay, published in the Bombay Gazette of June 22 : " We left Karrack on the 28tH ult., with the following passengers :—Captain Earle, Dr. Davis ; Lieutenants Grant and Walker; about 180 Sepoys 24th Regiment Native In fantry, and 1501 arine Battalion and followers, in all about 340 souls, besides 95 of our own crew. Our passage was tedious out of the Gulf, and after getting to S.E. of Rasel Had about 250 miles, we had variable winds mostly from E.N.E., with a long heavy swell from the southward causing the ship to labour much, and the sails, though a new suit, to be quite worn out in the three days that this lasted. On the 15th inst., the weather becon4 cloudy with rain, and the wind veered round to the south-westward, with a heavy sea. At noon on the 17th we were in lat. 18 53 N, long. 71 38 E, the ship going about 10 knots an hour ; got the fore and mizen top-gallant-mast on deck, and all the rigging, and made the ship as snug as possible. From noon steered E.S.E., to allow for a heavy sea bearing us to the northward. Ship going 94 and 10 miles per hour until eight o'clock p.m., then in 16 fathoms, stood on until half-past eight, then in 11 fathoms, and nothing in sight, hauled to the wind on the starboard tack, and at half-past nine saw Kenery Island bearing E.S.E. in 14 fathoms, found the ship drifting fast towards the island; wore round and hauled close to the wind on the larboard tack ; immediately the ship was round and the sails trimmed, saw Bombay light bearing N.N.E., at half past ten or nearly so, found by the island we were drifting to the.E. fast, thought it better to bear up for the harbour at once ; steered from N.N.W. to N.E. altering the course gradually, for I was afraid of Tull Reef, the sea being so high, that I thought we must be nearer to it than the light from the short time we bad left Kenery. At 11, in ten fathoms mud. I now thought we should haul up E., and just as I mentioned this to my first officer, the people forward re ported a ship a-head ; waited a little to see what this was, when a light was shown ; got a light up to answer, and by this time found it was a vessel on shore ; hauled up immedi ately to the E., but not being able to trim our sails quickly from the heavy lurching of the ship, she very soon struck very hard about the rudder, paid off before the wind, and at half past 11 was close to the other unfortunate vessel ; but such was the noise of the sea that we could not tell what she was until she went to pieces about 12 o'clock when we hauled two poor fellows on board. " We now commenced to get the boats clear, got the long boat over the side and kept her in the tackles until daylight ; then being low water and the sea much less, lowered all the boats, and us they could not lay alongside the ship got them to the bows ; sent the people down into them as fast as they could, and when full, attempted to veer them on shore ; but one of the ropes parted, and the other was cut ; after that sent as many as we could on rafts made from the spars, &c, until the tide rising, the sea became so high, that we thought it better to wait, trusting that the ship would hold together till the next low water ; cut away the masts and continued making rafts. Unfortunately the ship commenced breaking up about three p.m., and so quickly was it, that the rafts were in the water in the mass of the wreck in a very few minutes; it is impossible to describe the coolness with which the poor Sepoys worked all day, and their apparent cheerfulness under our dreadful calamity. Poor Captain Earle was the whole of the time hard at work in assisting, and after we had finished sending in the morning all we could, he mustered the Sepoys and found 130 had been landed ; several of the crew having also left without leave. Poor Dr. Davis and Lieut. Walker were both very unwell, but always at hand with suggestions for the benefit of the whole. It was at Grant's suggestion that we commenced making rafts, who worked himself hard during the day. " My officers, gunner, carpenter, and a sailor of the name of Blake, I cannot say too much in their praise ; no men could have behaved better, and the Syran g an d a few of the crew also behaved well. , g My most grateful thanks are also due to all those who so gallantly endeavoured to assist us ; and while I de e pl y regret the loss of life that has taken place, I feel truly many were l e t r o e that good Provid ence throu g h wh ose mercy so an saved. " The devotion which the captain and officers (both those belonging to the detachment and the ship Castlereagh) evin ced (says the Bombay Gazette) cannot be too highly esti mated: they stuck to their vessel while a plank remained; and the heroism, courage, and cheerfulness under danger and privation which distinguished the Sepoys, adds another leaf to the crown of laurel which will associate their name with the proudest and most boasted achievements of the Bri tish soldier. But what can we say to those who directed and conducted the efforts which were made to save the suf ferers? If we had a branch of the London Humane Society here, their medals would honourably decorate each manly breast. A richer reward awaits them--:the respect and at tachment of their fellow-citizens, and, better far than all, the satisfying whispers of an approving conscience. " Among those who 'particularly distinguished themselves on these days of misery in saving the sufferers at the peril of their own lives, we noticed the following gentlemen. If we have left any names out it is inadvertently. We then say, that, under Providence, the saving of so many lives was due to Captains Saunderson, Montriou, and Webb, of the 1.N.; to Captains M'Gregor, Nogg, Baxter , ' Ayres, Willis, Bou 1- ton, Knox, and J ones , of the Country Service • Mr. Midship man Sandiman, Mr. R ooper, (Bombay Castle,) Mr. Middle ton, (Lady Grant,) and M r . B rooke, (of the Scaleby Castle.)" " A case occurred at the petty June, British w which, seamen, for we thee humanitywsiaskheneveria of s on Friday, the 19th ofsessions and the cha racteroccurred. Capt. Morescy, L . N., commanding the lion of steam ship Sesostns, appeared before the sitting Company's Danvers, Esq., and brought up Wm. Jackson,g magistrate, agi lex' strate, E. F. Robt. Simpson, Richard Goo d man , Alfred SayerA Roberts, Leets, of the crew of that vessel, on th e charke o , f a!id Thos. refusing to obey orders when d esired to g et the vessel under weigh, with a view to save people from the wrecks o f the ships' William Russell and Lord Castlereagh. They were found Lord guilty of the above charge , an d William Jackson, Alexander Roberts, R. Goodman, and Thom as Leets, wer e sentenced to be imprisoned for 21 days, and A lfred Sa y er an d Robert Simpson for 14 days, in the common gaol in Bombay. Now, this is al mos t th e fi rs t instance in our recollection when a tar refused to hold out a hand to a sinking brother." NEW ZEALAND Papers have been printed, by order of the House of Cott- mons, containing the reports of Captain Hobson, R.N., of his proceedings on arriving at New Zealand. The first of these is an address of congratulation on arrival, presented to his excellency by the (45) inhabitants of the township of Kororarika, expressing their gratification at his safe arrival, and declaring that the establishment of British laws and Bri tish authorities had long been the desire nearest to their hearts. There is also a letter, by Capt. Hobson to Sir George Gipps, stating that, immediately on arriving, he had issued an invi tation to all British subjects to meet him at the church at Kororarika, to hear read her Majesty's-commission, extend ing the limits of the colony of New South Wales, and his own appointment as governor of such part of the colony as may be acquired in sovereignty in New Zealand. The most interesting portion of these papers, however, is a letter ad dressed by the Lieut.-Governor to Sir George Gipps, from the Bay of Islands, describing the proceedings at a meeting which he had called of the native chiefs of the confedera tion, and of the high chiefs who had not signed the declara tion of independence, for the purpose of explaining to them • the command which he had received from her Majesty, and of laying before them the copy of a treaty which he had to propose for their consideration. A vast number of chiefs, with a multitude of followers crowded in from every quarter, and assembled under spacious tents, decorated with flags. His excellency proceeded to the tent, supported by his officers, Mr. Busby, the late resident, the members of the Church Missionary Society, the French bishop, the offi cers of the government, and all the principal European in habitants in procession, and took his seat on a raised plat form. In the centre of the area, within the tents, the chiefs seated themselves upon the ground, leaving a space around them for the Europeans. His Excellency opened the meet ing by explaining, in the fullest manner the object of his mission, and the reasons that had induced Her Majesty to appoint him. He then read the treaty, and dwelt on each article, offering a few remarks explanatory of such passages as they might be supposed not to understand. Mr. H. Wil liams, of the Church Missionary Society, interpreted and re peated in the native , tongue, sentence by sentence, all that his Excellency addressed to them. When his Excellency had finished, he invited the chiefs to ask explanations on any point they did not comprehend ; 20 or 30 chiefs in conse quence addressed the meeting, five or six of whom spoke with so much violence and effect that his Excellency was appre hensive that they had fairly turned the tables on him, but at this crisis the Hokianga chiefs, " under Neni and Patawoni, made their appearance," and nothing, says Captain Hobson, " could have been more seasonable." His Excellency insi nuates that underhand influence had been at work, and two chiefs whom he names as being followers of the Catholic bishop, were the principal opposers. One of these orators, " Revewah," said, " Send the men away : do not sign the paper : if you do, you will be reduced to the condition. of ',laves, and be obliged to break stones' for the reads. Your lands will be taken from you, and your dignity as chiefs destroyed." In this dilemma, and when things appeared to be looking very black for his Excellency, at the first pause " Neni" came forward and eclipsed all rivals. He spoke with so much "natural eloquence If as surprised all the Eu ropeans, and turned aside the temporary feeling that had been created by the arguments of the other orators. No wonder, then, that Captain Hobson should speak favourably of his talents. He was to him a friend in need, and seems to have done his part of the business effectually. He pointed out to the New Zealanders how impossible it was to govern themselves, and concluded his harangue by strenuously advising the chiefs to place confidence in the promises of the British. He was followed by two other favourable chiefs, and after an adjournment of one day, it having been announced that the chiefs had become impatient to sign the treaty that they might return to their homes, his Excellency gratified their wishes ; and having accordingly proceeded to the tents, the treaty was signed in due form, by 46 head chiefs, in presence of at least 500 of inferior degree • which, being held to be a full and clear re cognition of the sovereign rights of Her Majesty over the northern parts of the island, was announced on the 7th of February last by a salute of 21 guns from Her Majesty's ship Herald. By the first article of the treaty, the chiefs of the confederation of the united tribes of New Zealand, and the separate and independent chiefs expressly cede the powers and rights of sovereignty to Her Majesty over their respective territories ; and by the second, Her Majesty confirms and guarantees them in the possession of their lands and estates, forests, fisheries, and other properties, so long as they wish to retain them ; but they yield at the same time to her Majesty the exclusive right of pre-emption over such lands as they may be disposed to alienate; and the third grants to the na tives of New Zealand all the rights and privileges of British subjects. The acceptance by the chiefs is as follows :—" We, the chiefs of the confederation of the united tribes of New Zealand, being assembled in congress at Waitangi, and we, the separate and independent chiefs of New Zealand, claiming authority over the tribes and territories which are specified after our respective names, having been made fully to under stand the provisions of the foregoing treaty, accept and enter into the same in the full spirit and meaning thereof. In witness whereof we have attached our signatures or marks at the plates and dates respectively specified. Done at Waitangi this Gth day of February, in the year of our Lord, 1840." FRENCH BLOCKADE OF BUENOS AYRES The following is an extract of a letter from an English merchant resident at Buenos Ayres. He depicts, in strong colours, the injury inflicted by the unprincipled blockade in stituted by France. Our Ministers have nelther eyes nor ears for that which does not concern their Parliamentary ma jorities or minorities. It is time, however, that something, as the saying is, were done : " This blockade is enough to make one fret away existence. The rascally Whig Government ought to be kicked out Wor nothing else than the indifference they have manifested to wards British interests abroad, in fact, all over the world. The French are playing with you, and helping themselves at your expense in every quarter. Lord Aberdeen, and he is a very high authority, said so recently in Parliament as the 2nd March, that the blockade was unjust and untenable. Then why not insist, if France has grievances with Buenea Ayres, that they should take effective steps to adjust them. The English Minister, Mandeville, has been all along advising Governor Roses to hold out, and the latter has done so, and can still do so, till the French send forces sufficient to take Buenos Ayres and expel the present government. If the matter is to be settled here it must be at the mouth of the cannon. All treaty and negotiation is not worth a farthing. Intrigue, threats, treaties, have all been tried and failed, and it only now remains (and which ought to have been used long ago) to use FORCE. I see a change of Ministry has taken place in France; will that do any good ? I fear not. Admiral Dupotel is lying here with ten ships of war, very comfortably enjoying themselves. Roses is laughing at them, and we poor inoffensive traders are looking on, suffering and being ruined and in despair. I see the Leeds•Mereury sometimes, but in vain look for any remonstrance with Government against this blockade. There is plenty of squabbling about Church-rates, and tithes, and dissenters, and other rubbish of a like nature, but the inte rests of your oppressed merchants in and connected with the river Plate are no where noticed ; and, indeed, so it is gene rally with the English press. Ours is no question of 'Whig or Tory, but one of justice, commanding alike the support and protection of all parties who wish for commercial pros perity ; but we are neglected because people either will not take the trouble to listen to or _understand us, or are so blinded by party feeling as to shut their ears to our com plaints. If England were to blockade Oporto, do you sup pose France and Russia would allow of its continuance for two years and a half—a quiescent blockade? Would they not rather take part with such power to bring it to an end either by force or negotiation ? Yet England, which is almost the only sufferer, here looks quietly on and takes no steps to induce France to do anything really efficient. It is said, and I believe it, that the Camille, which sailed from here on the 15th March, for Brest, took certain proposals from Rosas to the French Government', which the latter cannot refuse to accept of. I trust it may so prove. Rosas has offered to put Frenchmen on the same footing in Buenos Ayres as Buenos Ayreans are put on in Paris, but the unreasonable agents of France here demand more. They insist that Frenchmen shall enjoy exclusive privileges above all other foreigners— which is monstrous ; and what is more so, they are attempt ing to obtain that by force ; to the shame of England be it if she does not, upon ascertaining this, send a fleet and drive every French ship out of the river. If you had better men in power it would be done, but, if not, why the game may go on for years." WESLEYAN METHODIST CONFERENCE (From the Newcastle Journal.) The proceedings of this exemplary body of men continue to excite very great interest in Newcastle and the neighbour ing towns. We understand the business of the conference has been conducted in great nnity of spirit, and a very hallowing influence has pervaded the whole of the public religious services. From the returns laid before conference it appears that twenty-nine preachers have died during the last year, viz., nineteen in England, five in Ireland, and five in the missionary field. Fifty-four young preachers, having passed their four years of probation, have been admitted into full connection, after examinations in private as to their characters and qualifications for the work of the ministry, and in public as to their conversion to God and call to the sacred office. On Wednesday evening they were solemnly devoted to tl.e work by the laying on of the hands of the Presbytery. This was done by the president, assisted by Dr. Hannah, and twelve of the senior ministers. On Thursday evening an impressive charge was delivered to them by Dr. Hannah, as Christians, students, preachers, and pastors. The whole of these public services were deeply interesting to over flowing congregations, composed of Christians of every section of the evangelical church. 114 others have been recommended to the conference as candidates. Several new circuits have been formed ; one of them at Shotley Bridge, in this district. From the returns it appears that the centenary year of the body has been most signally owned of God in the success of the Wesleyan ministry, there being an increase of 16,110 members in Great Britain, 665 in Ireland (notwithstanding a loss of 600 by emigration), and 5777 in the foreign stations, besides 19,603 on trial for admission into the societies. Ad dresses of congratulation to the Queen and her Royal Con sort, on her Majesty's marriage, and providential preserva tion from the hands of the lunatic assassin, have been deter mined on. The two Ashantee princes who are at present in this country, under the care of the Rev. Mr. pyne, have been introduced to the Conference. The Rev. J. B. Freeman, one of the Conference missionaries at Cape Coast Castle, a man of colour, gave a deeply affecting account of his late visit to Coomassie, the capital of Ashantee, in which country a mission is determined on, and a mission in Hudson's Bay has already been commenced, the expenses of which will be chiefly defrayed by the company. In consequence of a letter from the Anti-Slavery Society, the question was freely gone into, and an answer returned, expressive of the abhorrence which the Conference have always, and do still entertain, of that dreadful evil. The business of the assembly, it is sup posed, will not be brought to a final close until about the middle of next week, when we hope to be able to present our readers with some additional information relative .to the de liberations of this body, whose loyalty has always been sound, whose veneration for the establishment has ever been unva hryaisnegx,caeneddewdhtohsaet z o e f al m i a n ny th ot e h d e is r s s e . mi p n h a h ti l o ic n w o o f r g si o li s p pe li lvtirl be h e conducted in all the chapels of this town and the surrounding country by some of the most eminent preachers of the con nection, next Lord's day. THE WIGAN SPINNERS. —The dispute amongst this class of artizans still remain unsettled, and the distress in conse quence is very great.— Wigan Gazette. IMPORTANT DISCOVERY. —Mr, J. Wimbridge, of Pres teign, has discovered a chemical process, by means of which steel may be so hardened as to cut glass more easily than the diamond. t N to D ok B Wl'a n c Y e on LINE.t O n Friday DREADFUL morningACClDENTfrightfulo N Tri l a l e v e he above line, involving a serious loss of life. The train which leaves Leeds at seven o'clock in the morning had arrived within a mile of the Howden station, when six of the last carriages, consisting of the York train, were upset, dragged on the ground, and beaten to pieces ; and we are sor r y t o a d d that six of the passengers lost their lives, namely, Mr. Stead, of York, Mr. Veltman, of Hull, Mr. Craggs, of South Dalton, and two gentlemen and a lady unknown ; the latter had with her a pocket-handkerchief marked "A. S." About eight persons were.more or less injured, some of them severely. The cause of the accident was this :-There was part of a sa•JA., 1,11/1•.• weighing machine on one of the Leeds luggage carriage,g ; this got out of balatice and fell off upon the rails, and thus overturned the carriages spoken off. An inquest will be held on the bodies this morning, at nine o'clock, at Howden ; and for the present we abstain from all comment.—Leeds Intel& yencer, Saturday. EXTRAORDINARY MEETING AT BIRMINGHAM On Wednesday evening last, a meeting of rather an extra ordinary character was held at Birmingham, convened by a large placard, of which the following is a copy : " Now or never ! Men of Birmingham, your duty to your selves, your children, and, above all, to your injured and in sulted country, at this important time of its need, call upon you to attend a meetin ,, this evening, at seven o'clock, on the ground of the People's Hall of Science, when some most im portant business will be brought before you, concerning deeply the welfare of yourselves and your country. Fellow townsmen attend ; be calm, and think seriously after what will be laid before you." At the hour appointed a considerable number of persons assembled, when Charles Attwood, Esq., brother to the late Member for Birmingham, made his appearance, accompanied by several other gentlemen. Mr. Attwood then proceeded to address the meeting amidst cheering. He said they had been called together upon a subject of more importance than any which had been broiched since the days of Oliver Crom well. It was no less than to charge a Minister of the Crown with high treason, and with having intentionally and know ingly attempted to sell that country to a foreign power. He made this charge, and was prepared with proof; when the proper time arrived, in the full knowledge that he was incur ring a deep and a heavy responsibility. He had already de clared that the charge he was about to make was without a precedent since the days of Oliver Cromwell, and he would add that, to the honour of mankind, it was a crime rarely even seen in historical records. The charge, then, was against the Foreign Minister of Great Britain and Ireland, and he (Mr. Attwood) most solemnly declared that he made the charge not on his own authority alone, but on the authority also of some of the most distinguished men of this country. In form the accusation was this, that a treasonable collusion has existed between the Foreign Minister of the Crown in this country and Russia, during the whole time Lord Palmerston has been in office-11nd that is no short space of time—with a view to render this and other European powers subservi ent to the aggressions of the northern autocrat. (Hear, hear.) Indeed, this country was being betrayed and sold ; and he was prepared with proof to that effect. He had docu ments which, in the present state of the inquiry, it would not be safe to produce ; but he called upon the people to demand inquiry, and to demand, if guilty, the public execution of Lord Palmerston. That minister of the crown had long secretly fostered between England and France, and, indeed, every other state but Russia, the germs of war, till at length their country had been insulted and injured by every power in Europe—till at length it was known by many distinguished individuals in this country that Lord Palmerston was the mere paid agent of the Russian Government.—(Sensation.) Mr. A. concluded a long speech by moving the following re solution :—" That this country is in danger and intention ally betrayed to a foreign country ; and that the people of Birmingham do, in public meeting assembled, on Monday next, assert the danger and denounce the criminal."—(Loud cheers.) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • . After several other parties had addressed the meeting, the assemblage separated. BIRMINGHAM, SUNDAY AFTERNOUN.—The elements of disorder are again rife in Birmingham, and active prepara tions are making by the more violent section of the chartists to commence a new movement here and in other parts of the country, which is likely to become more important or mis chievous in its consequences than their last abortive attempt, inasmuch as men of property and station in society have en listed themselves in the scheme. The avowed object of the present project, as stated in my last, is no less a matter than the impeachment of a minister of the Crown, Lord Viscount Palmerston ; and his chief accusers are Mr. Charles Attwood, of Newcastle, Mr. Urquhart, Mr. Monteith, Mr. Sheppard, and a number of other gentlemen belonging to the ultra-tory party, who have combined with the more violent of the char tist leaders in Birmingham, in their efforts to attain this ob ject. The more moderate of the chartist body, headed by Mr. Collins, who has just obtained his liberation from War wick gaol, are opposed to the present movement, and are taking active measures to counteract it, with what success it is not easy to determine, as the party is pretty equally divided upon the question. To-morrow, a public meeting, called by Mr. Charles Att wood, is to take place at Holloway Head, " to consider cer tain allegations to be brought forward, that a minister of this country labours to bring about its downfall, and that a rup ture with France and simultaneous embarrassments with other powers, are parts of a systematic scheme for that ef fect." This is the gist of the placard, which ends by calling upon the people to observe order and decorum that the mea sures to be adopted for " averting the ruin of the country, by a timely investigation, according to the legal and consti tutional usage of the country," may not be thwarted. The placard has produced much excitement, and many rumours are afloat as to the probable result of the day's proceedings. The chartists say that the articles of impeachment were placed in the hands of Lord Melbourne on Friday night, and that the government are determined to arrest Mr. Attwood on Monday, and prevent the meeting from being held. In consequence of this statement, the following placard was this morning issued. It is a curiosity in its way, and I therefore give it verbatim, &c.:— " Men of Birmingham,—There being reason to believe that persons are intended to be present (from London) at the meeting at Holloway Head on Monday next for the pur pose, not of promoting, but of hindering discussion, by interruptions,—your sense of justice and of your own re spectability is concerned to prevent any attempt of such a nature, if it should be made, from succeeding in its unfair, and to the character of your town, injurious design. Patience in hearing, and in abstaining from such interruptions, will always be the interest, and therefore the practice of the party that can best depend upon the soundness of their arguments, and those who deviate from such practice ought to recollect that thereby in effect acknowledge that their cause is inde fensible. (Signed) ` EDWIN THOMPSON." A meeting was held last evening, by adjournment, from Dee's Royal Hotel, at the Assembly Rooms, in the Old Square, at which the resolutions to be submitted at the meeting to-morrow were agreed upon ; and it was also de termined, in order to give additional weight to the important subject of the proceedings, to present a requisition to the mayor, P. H. Muntz, Esq., to issue his mandate for holding it. A deputation, consisting of the requisitionists, are with the mayor while I write, but there is little probability— much reason as he has to feel indignant at the pitiful conduct of the present government in reference to the charter of incorporation—that Mr. Muntz will lend even the sanction of his name to a meeting which it is more than probable will end in tumult and disorder. . Mr. Burgess, the active Commissioner of police, and his superintendents, are fully acquainted with all that is passing and in contemplation, and-, with the assistance of the Scot's Greys stationed at our barracks, will be more than equal to meet any possible emergency that may arise.—Morning Herald of Yesterday. STATE OF TRADE LEEDS.—We are happy to be able to report symptoms of a revival of trade in Leeds. At the cloth balls, on Saturday and Tuesday, considerable business was done, though at low prices ; and the business of the warehouses, generally is re viving. We are glad to bear from Liverpool that there has lately been a large increase in the quantity of goods sent out of that port. BRADFORD, THURSDAY.—A. more extensive business in wool has been done during the week, at firm prices. In English wools, no alteration. There continues to be a steady demand for yarns, prices steady. The amount of business done during the week and to-day, in the piece market, is rather over an average of what has been none for several weeks past, In prices no improvement can be quoted. YORK WOOL MARKET, Atm. 6.—We have to-day no quotable difference in price from our report of this day sennight.—Leeds Intelligencer. LEICESTER Tit ADE. There is no improvement in the demand for goods ; but, as we are approaching the season when a better home trade may be expected, we hope, in another week, we shall be able to give a more eheerful report. In wool but little is doing ; the Yorkshire markets are very flat, and the tendency somewhat lower. The growers are firm holders, and wool cannot be bought from them at present to meet the prices of the Yorkshire manufacturer.—Leicester Chronicle. In the MARKET for METALS, British iron continues to wear a very drooping appearance, and the quotations are lower by about ss. per ton. In English lead a considerable trade has taken place, at an advance of 7s. 6d. per ton ; Spa nish lead also has advanced to £l7 155., at which rate there is now none to be obtained. East India tin is rather lower ; some small transactions having taken place at 735. 6d. for Straits, and for Banco 725. per cwt. Spelter is in slow de mand, but small sales have been made at £2l. 12s. 6d., delivered on the spot. WHIG PURITY OF ELECTION ! At Nottingham assizes, yesterday weak, James Hitchens, John Pearce, William Milford, and William Morton, were indicted for conspiring together to prevent John Hickman from voting for Mr. Thesigar at the last election for the borough of Newark, and forcibly carrying off the said Hick man to a distance from the said borough on the eve of the election. The witness Hickman, after detailing various tipplings with the Solicitor - General's agents, proceeded to say— " They then brought me down to the Castle and Falcon, Sergeant Wylde's head-quarters. Went into a lower room. There was present, Mr. Ilitchens. He said, Now, Jack, what will you have to drink ?' and I said, ' I don't want anything to drink.' He said, I must ; and I said, "If I must have anything to drink, I will have sixpennyworth of brandy and water.' Mr. Hitchens then went to fetch it ; but instead of brandy he brought laudanum. When I smelt it, it smelt very nauseous. I said, 'Hitchens, this is not fit for a min to drink ;' and he said, your eyes, Jack, you shall drink it.' I made no more to do, but IL drank it up ; and so soon as I had drunk it he said, There, him, take him away ; he is right enough now.' The room was full of people when he drank it ; but he did not know who they were. Cannot remember what took place afterwards. He was like a ' dead un' directly.' " The next witness was Thomas Wootten, a resident of Not tingham, whither the Solicitor-General's agents carried Hickman after they had-poisoned him—the distance from Newark being twenty miles— " Hickman was insensible at the time he was put into the bottom of the chaise, and Hitchens and Melford came back, and Hitchens said, Where are these boys ?' Melford then took them out of the house before they had had the glass of brandy that was ordered for them, and they were shown into the chaise, the door was shut, and they went off without their hats. Hickman was put on the seat; he leaned on Wright's shoulder. IVloreton drove the chaise. Melford was in the front of the chaise at the end of the town. He then got off, and opened the door, and asked, ' How many are there ?' I said, ' Three.' He said, Now my lad, More ton, you will do what I told you : take him as far as Not tingham, and if he does not waken before lie gets to Notting ham, put him down at the end of the town, so that he may get into the hands of the police, then we shall know he will be safe, so that he cannot come and poll. Melford then went away, and Moreton drove ax a rapid pace towards Not tingham. When they got to Ratcliff, Hickman was sick ; told Moreton the old mau had thrown up. He said, Oh, he be d—d ; I think the old devil has had laudanum enough.' Proceeded to Nottingham, and stopped near the town end. Moreton pulled up, took Hickman lip, and laid hint in the horse-road, so that if there had been any carriages he must have been run over. II was about three in the morning. Moreton drove into the town, and told a policeman a drunken man was lying in the road, and that he had like to have run over the old devil. They returned to the Castle and Falcon about eight in the morning. Saw Hitchens after the election was over. He was making a speecli; Asked him for another sovereign. He said, Oh, be —; I shan't give you any more than a sovereign. You have managed it badly, for he came back and polled.' " • The jury retired for a few minutes, and then returned into court with a general verdict of Guilty against all the defend ants except Morton, whom they only convicted of an assault, he being the post-boy, and whom they recommended to mercy. The Lord Chief Justice, in passing sentence on the de fendants, observed that their offence was a most serious one ; there was nothing more injurious to the rights and liberties of Englishmen than interference, either by intimidation, vio lence, fraud, or corruption, with the voter's freedom of elec tion. It was lamentable to find a person of the talent dis played by the defendant Hitchins (who is one of the county coroners) committing outrages of this nature; but it was evident that he had been the ringleader on the occasion. in order to serve as a warning to themselves and to others to abstain from such conduct in future, it was necessary that their punishment should not be a light one. His lordship then sentenced the defendants to be imprisoned in Notting ham gaol, Hitchens for six months, Pearce and Milford for three months,. and Morton for a fortnight. THE BIBLE, WHAT IT IS, AND WHAT IT IS NOT. A Lecture, delivered in Paradise-street Chapel, Liverpool, 19th February, 1839, by the Rev. James Martineau, being the second delivered weekly, in answer to a Course of Lectures by Clergymen of the Church of England. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES Sir,—As you admitted an arti c le i n to ?fee Times of last Saturday, explanatory of the religious tenets of the Rev. Connop Thirlwall, may I beg a small space in your columns to insert a few extracts from the said rev. gentleman's trans lation of Schleininacher's Critical Essay on the Gospel of St. Luke? "The discrepancies found in the Gospels com pel us to admit, that the superintending control of the spirit was not exerted to exempt the sacred writings altogether from errors and inadvertencies."—lntroduction by the translator, page 15. Nay, he speaks of " the more rigid theory of inspi ration having been so long, abandoned on account of the in superable difficulties these opposed to it, that it would now be a waste of time to attack it."—Pp. 15 and 11. The Rev. James Martineau, in his lecture cited above, appears so de lighted with the liberal church champion for the doctrines of the followers of Socinus, that he says, at page 35 of his lec ture, " I have brought Mr. Thirlwall to confront the question of facts." Is not this pretty good evidence of the Rev. C. Thirlwall's creed, and of his fitness to wear a Welch mitre ? " It is so universally understood, says the lecturer, " that we are indebted to Mr. Thirlwall for the admirable translation of Schleinmacher's essay, that I conceive there can be no im propriety in speaking of the work as his, though his name does not appear in the title-page."—(Note, page 58.) At page 23 of his lecture he says, " I quote the opinion of the Rev. C. Thirlwall, a divine whose distinguished philological attainments have given him a European reputation, without at present raising him to that station in his own church which would best suit his merits and her dignity." Here we have—first, an Unitarian minister's perfect concurrence in Mr. Thirlwall's theological opinions ; and secondly, his re commendation (based on this fitness) of him to a bishopric. COURT CIRCULAR.- SATURDAY The Queen held a Conti yesterday afternoon at Bucking ham Palace. Shekil) Effendi,the Ottbman ambassador, had an audience of her Majesty to deliver a letter from his Sovereign. His excellency was introduced by Viscount Palmerston, G.C.8., her Majesty's principal secretary of state for foreign affairs, and conducted by Sir Robert Chester, master of the cere monies. His excellency was accompanied by Mr. Salame, her Majesty's Oriental interpreter. Mr. Altavella Villette Calichopolo was presented to the Queen by Lord John Russell, her Majesty's secretary of state for the colonies. Mr. James J. Reid was presented to her Majesty at an audience, by Lord John Russell. The court was attended by the Duchess of Bedford, lady in waiting, Viscount Torrington, lord in waiting, Lord Hill, gold stick in waiting, General Hon. Sir W. Lumley, groom in waiting, and Colonel Wemyss, equerry in waiting. Her Majesty and Prince Albert took an airing in the parks yesterday afternoon, in an open carriage-and-four, Colonel Wemyss and Colonel Bouverie, the equerries in waiting on her Majesty and his royal highness, attending on horseback. Viscount Melbourne had an audience of her Majesty, yesterday. The royal dinner party at the palace, last evening, included the Duke and Duchess of Bedford, Earl of Surrey, Hon. Charles Gore, and the Hon. Frederick Byng. The baud of the royal regiment of horse guards was in attendance at the palace during the evening. His Royal Highness Prince Albert honoured Mr. Alfred E. Chalon, R.A., with a sitting, yesterday, for a whole length portrait. The Duchess of Kent took an airing yesterday in a carriage. Sir Matthew Tierney has attended the Princess Augusta daily since the departure from town of Sir H. Halford. The Duchess of Gloucester and the Duke of Cambridge visited the Princess Augusta yesterday. The following was issued yesterday : The . Princess Augusta has had a more comfortable night's rest, and her Royal Highness is better. "iClarence Ho'use, August 7." The Duke of Cambridge had a dinner party last evening at Cambridge House. ECCLESIASTICAL AND UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE (From the Oxford Herald.) His Grace the'Duke of Leeds has been pleased to appoint the Rev. H. Jodrell, B.A. of Exeter College, to be one of his Domestic Chaplains. The Rev. Arthur Nugent Buckeridge, M.A. of St. John's College, has been appointed, by the Governors of the Church of Crediton, to the Rectory of Kennerleigh, Devon, vacant by the resignation of the Rev. W. J. Kirkness. Rev. Mark Cooper, M.A. of St. John's College, Cam bridge, Lecturer of Westbury, to the Perpetual Curacy of Bramshaw,Wilts ; patrons, the Dean and Chapter of Sarum. Rev. T. Atkinson, late Curate of Fawley, latits, has been appointed one of the Earl of Cavan's Chaplains. Rev. Wm. Charles Woollaston, M.A. of Leeds, to the Rectory of East Dereham, Norfolk, on the presentation of his father, the Rev. Charles Hyde Woollaston. Rev. Thomas Owen, of Altrincham, has been appointed, by the trustees and pew owners of St. Clement's Church, Manchester, to the Incumbency of that Church , vacant by the death of the Rev. W. Nunn. Rev. Lewis Deedes, B.A. of Emmanuel College, Cim bridge, to the Rectory of Branfiold, Herts, vacant by the death of the Rev. Edward Bourchier ; patron, Abel Smith, Esq. M.P. The Lord Bishop of Lichfield has been pleased to appoint the Rev. R. Corfield, Rector of Pitchford, Rural Dean for the parishes of Condover, Stapleton, Frodesley, Pitchford, Longnor, Leebotwood, Smethcote, Acton Burnell, Langley, Shineton, Cound, Cressage, Harley, and Kenley, in the Archdeaconry of Salop. Rev. W. Wilkinson, formerly of Carlisle, to the lay Vicar ship of Winchester Cathedral. Rev. John Reid, Curate of the parish of Downpatrick, to the Chaplaincy of Down, vacant by resignation. Rev. Mr. Calthorp, Examining Chaplain to the Bishop of Lichfield, to the Archdeaconry of Derby. Rev. Dr. Prior, to the Vice-Provostship of Dublin Uni versity. Rev. Cecil Greene, Vicar of West Hampnett, to be-Domes tic Chaplain to the Duke of Richmond. _ _ Rev. Joseph Crane, M.A. of Bewdley, has been appointed, by the Earl of Mountnorris, to be one of his Lordship's Do mestiC Chaplains. A JUDGE TAKING THE PLEDGE FROM FATHER MATHEW (From the Dublin Evening Mail.) " Judge Crampton was among the number of postulants who received the pledge of teetotalism from Father Mathew during his stay in Castlebar. His lordship, who has ever been a steady and steadfast friend to the temperance cause, was presented by the great apostle with a splendid silver me dal on this occasion." —Mayo Telegraph. Really this is a very curious proceeding. Everybody knew already that Mr. Justice Crampton was, and for some years had been, what is called a teetotaller. Nothing could be more notorious than the fact, that he had spilled a very good cellar of wine in attestation of the sincerity of his abhorrence of alcohol in every shape. and under every disguise. He was in fact one of the first. both in point of time and rank, who joined the temperance cause in this country, and, it is well known, allowed nothing stronger than tea to pass his lips at a time when those who are now apostles of temperance re joiced daily in their tumbler of whisky-punch. His ardour in the cause was so well known six, and even seven years ago, that the wits of the day used his' name, in connexion with 'total abstinence, as a catch-word in their squibs and im promptus—as, for example, in an ode to the Marquis of Wel lesley, done by one of our own devils, in days of yore, " when good King Will" was king— "L'was enough to make Phil Crampton Get drunk, to see you tramp'd on, And kicked out for Sooty Lambton, Daddy Foozle, 0 ! In a word, the whole country was aware of the fact, and every drunkard in the country had it before his eyes, as an example and an encouragement, that a judge of the land had wholly repudiated spirituous liquors, from a conviction of the great national injury occasioned by their abuse ; and all the honour and glory, as well as all the usefulness that could arise from such an act of judicial devotion, was already realized to the learned judge and the edified community. What more could man do? He had made all the gutters of Fassaroe run red with the best blood of his cellar—the white trout of the Bray river were in a state of intoxication for a week after. He had presided and assisted at temper ance meetings without end—had contributed to all the pub lications of the day having the encouragement of temperance for their object—and had all but poured out the tea and coffee at dozens of teetotal soirees. What more remained for a judge of the land to do? We protest we cannot see what more remained to be done worthy of his position, or consistent with his principles. It was hardly worthy, we think, and we say so with great respect, of a judge of the land, speaking with reference to his position, to descend from the judicial bench for the pur pose of countenancing an organisation, pregnant, as we con ceive, with danger to the peace of the country and the sta bility of the laws. The teetotal movement, little more than a month ago, had excited the apprehensions of the executive, and a manifesto from Lord Ebrington had apprised the country that our rulers viewed the progress of that organisation with uneasi ness, if not alarm. It was unworthy, we think, the high personal character of Judge Crampton, if this story of the Mayo Telegraph be a true one, to turn on a friendly govern ment at such a crisis, and to add the weight of his respecta ble name to a society which had already-incurred the implied censure of the authorities, and which begins every day more and more to smell of RIBBONISM. No man in the community ought to know better than Judge Crampton, that the passwords of the wretches who have been brought up for trial before him and his brethren of the bench, in many instances savour so strongly of a con, nexion with this society. as to render it matter of certainty that the one association is used and perverted to the ends of the other. Of this fact we are free to admit Judge Cramp ton was not aware when he permitted an assemblage of forty thousand members of the Mathewite Society to meet and escort him into the town of Nenagh. Had he then appre hended the possibility of that vast confederacy becoming implicated in any shape, or to any extent, with the ribbon body, we are well assured that he never would have permit ted his name to become mixed up with so formidable a de monstration. But the case is different at present. Every day now discloses new evidence of the fact, that the ribbon confederacy are abusing the Mathewite Association to the worst and most dangerous purposes. The very fastest friends of the cause admit the fact, and deplore it. IRON STEAM VESSELS.—Hitherto iron steamers have depended chiefly for their strength on what may be called the casing of vessels, but Mr. W. D. Holmes, civil engineer, has proposed a plan to take off the greater portion of this dependence, and to place it in the framing, which he does by a peculiar construction of bonding the frame. If this be accomplished there will, of course, be greater strength, and the power of building much greater vessels. He also proposes a mode, by air tight compartments, to eject any water which may come in through fractures In the casing or sheathing, by pumping in air so that the leak may be repaired. He purposes to admit a man or men to the air tight compart ments through a large tube or funnel reaching to the deck, and having screw caps at the top and near the bottom. As soon as a man has entered the funnel the upper cap is screwed down, ,and by unscrewing the under one he descends to the bottom. We understand a large vessel is immediately to be built on Mr. Holmes's plan.—. Railway Magazine. LONDON AND BIRMINGHAM RAILWAY. — The half yearly meeting took place yesterday, and we have exerted ourselves to give our readers a report in time for the morning mail. Very little discussion took place, except about a grant of £lOOO towards building a church. The report recommended a dividend of £4 per £lOO for the half year, and an addition to the reserved fund. The report also contains much matter of interest. It appears from it that an increase has taken place in the half-year's traffic of l 7 per ceut, as compared with the corresponding period of last year. The directors seem at last to have learned the necessity of pro viding for the low class traffic, as they state that they have decided upon establishing trains of third class carriages at 14s. They also recommend the proposed Warwick and Leamington branch to the attention of the proprietors.— Railway Magazine. - ' SECOND EDITION. Standard•ofice, Three o'clock The Virginian, packet ship, I. Harris, commander, which sailed from New York on the 13th ult., arrived at this port last night, and we have been favoured, through the politeness of the captain, with files of newspapers from the Bth to the 13th, inclusive, before we could receive our own from the Postoffice. They do not contain much mercantile or political news. We extract the following MONEY MARKET, JULY 12.—The stock market yesterday presented the *usual appearances. Sales of fancy stocks were large, and prices generally declined. North American Trust and Banking Co. fell off 14 per cent., Harlem * per cent. ; the United States Bank improved 4 per cent. There were sales of bills on Baltimore at 24 to 24 per cent. discount, and on Philadelphia at 24 to 24 per cent. discount.. In domestic bills generally, there was but little doing. The resignation of the president of one of the banks under the new law, has been currently reported, but not officially announced, owing, it is said, to some difficulty in selecting a suitable successor. The New York Morning Herald says, " The Bostonians are getting ready to go into• hysterics on the arrival of the steamer Britannia. The city will be crowded. Numerous parties, of both sexes, are coming from Springfield, Port land, Worcester, Salem, Providence, Taunton, New Bed ford, and other places, for the purpose of seeing her. All the hotels and public and private boarding-houses will be filled with strangers, and there will be bustle and business enough in the streets and market-places for the middle of July." A letter from Washington, dated July 11th, states that Congress was drawing to a close, and that " each man's speech contains a dose and mixture of gangrene and gall." No business of importance was consequently got through with. The weather was very hot, the thermometer ranging at 95 degrees. The cotton has been injured by the worm in East Missis sippi. The Mississippi had fallen 10 feet at Natches. Advices from Philadelphia, of July 10th, say that the de falcations of Benjamin Smith ; of the Pennsylvania Bank, who was missing some weeks previously, amounted to 61,000 dollars: At New York, on the 12th July, the weather was nppres sively sultry. The thermometer stood in , the shade at 94 degrees. A dreadful storm took place on the Bth, at they city of Shrewsbury, York County, Pennsylvania, which destroyed many of the houses, unroofed others, and involved " great loss of property and life." Several persons were killed by the falling of the houses, and others so much injured that their lives are despaired of. The full extent of the destruc tion was not known when the accounts left, as it was then dark. The New York steamer Chester collapsed two of her flues with a dreadful explosion on the 10th, when about 20 miles from the city. Two men were blown into the water and drowned. Four others were badly scalded. The vice-president of the United States, Colonel Jackson, was on a tour through the country, and was everywhere well received. The New York editors were under the impression that the British Queen and the Britannia, Halifax mail, both sailed on the same day, and many were the speculations as to which would beat in the " race across the Atlantic." The New York papers contain long articles on the recent discovery of a new continent in the Southern Ocean, by the American exploring expedition. LIVERPOOL CORN EXCHANGE,—Tms DAY. The arrivals for this day's market, chiefly up since Fri day, furnish a moderate supply of Wheat and Beans, mostly foreign, with a liberal quantity of Malt coastwise, and 2787 barrels of Flour from Canada ; but we have very little of any thing to notice from Ireland, and no Grain or Flour to report this week from the American states. The propitious weather detailed in our late circulars, was succeeded last night by a few hours of rain ; but with a fine clear atmosphere again to-day, and reaping in very early si tuations around us having already commenced, harvest in this part of the district is expected to be general in the course of next week. Meantime some good samples of new Wheat and Oats are being shown, but no deliveries yet made sufficient to establish any accurate scale of prices. The Wheat trade remaining very inanimate, was further depressed to-day, reducing our quotations 4d to 6d per 70 lbs below those of this day se'nnight ; at which the transactions, being exclusively confined to the wants of needy buyers, were consequently limited in amount. Bonded Wheat also was difficult of sale, at a decline of 3d. per 701bs. Of States Flour under lock about 5,000 barrels have changed hands since this day week, principally on the terms then noted, but this morning 295. was the extreme rate obtainable ; and free Flour continuing to move off spa ringly, must be noted 2s. per barrel cheaper. I 'Barley, meeting little inquiry, was 3d per 601bs, and Malt per quarter lower.—Beans and Pease remained stati- Oats and Oatmeal participating in the general dulness of the trade, we must quote the former 2d. per 451b5., and the latter fully Is. per 2401b5., below the current rates of Tues day last. ARRIVALS OF CORN, From the 4th to the 10th August, 1840, inclusive, • , IRE- COAST- UNITED ro- DESCRIPTION. 1 LAND. WISE. STATES. RXION. TOTAI , wheat Qrs:' ' 260 -.; 4156 4990 9,595 Barley Qrs. 17 317 334 Malt Qrs. 1180 4782 ! 4962 Oats Rye Qrs. Beans Qrs. 30 269 ' I 1105 1404 Pease . Qrs. Shelled Barley . Qrs. . Indian Corn . . . Qrs. Rapeseed Qrs. Oatmeal .. .. Loads 530 Flom . Sacks 40 Ditto . Brls. ,i " 4: 2787 1 2787 EXPORTS.—Foreign. Wheat, 300 qrs. ; Barley, 0 qrs. ; Oats, 75 qrs. ; Pease, oqrs. ; Indian Corn, qrs. ; Flour, 184 brls.— Ireland. Wheat, 2178 qrs.; Oats, 62 qrs. ; Rye, 146 qrs.; Indian Corn, qrs. ; Oatmeal, 000 loads ; Flour, 27 sacks.—Coast wise. Wheat, 1195 qrs. ; Barley, 739 qrs. ; Malt, qrs. ; Oats, 522 qrs. ; Rye, 8 qrs. ; Beans, 10 qrs. ; Pease, 6 qrs. ; Oat meal, 75 loads ; Flour, 298 sacks, 1550 brls. Average prices of Grain, for the week ending July 3!, 1840. Wheat 71s I Id. I Barley.. 3.45. Bd. I Oats.. 295. 6d. Rye.. 355. Ild Beans.. 465. Id. Pease, 465. Od. Aggregate average of the six weeks, Wheat.. 6gs. scr.l 345. sd. Oats Beaus .. 455. yd. I Pease 28s. sd. 1 Rye.. 365. Od 455. 4d. Duty on Foreign Grain, &c. this week Wheatl3s. Bd. I Brley 10s.10d. I Oats ...... 4s. 9d. I Rye .. 15s. 6d Beans, 2s. ud . Pease2s. od. Indian Crulos. led. Flour Bs. 2id Liverpool Averages, week ending 4th Aug, 1840. Wheat. Barley. 1 Oats. Beans. Pease. Qr 5..... 2166 1002 313 13 Prices.. 735. 3d. Os. Od. 1 28s. 7d. 50s. 3d. I 455. Od SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE TUESDAY, AUGUST 11 —Wind N.W. Fair, ARRIVED.—Mary Kingsland, ---;; and Ambassador, Kerry, from New Orleans—Phcebe, Brown, from Savannah —Virginian, Allen, (sailed 14th July;). and Margaret, Roach, from New York— Albion, Donking, from Quebec—Henry, , from Miramichi— Glory, , from Licata—Laurel, —; and Ariel, Dye, from St. Petersburoh—Tomlinson, Wallace, from Laguna—Hopper For tuna, Deott, from Groningen—Honesta, Audi ews, from Marseilles —Clotilde, Deun, from Antwerp—Agatha, De Goorst, fm Rotterdam —Jeannette, Ottens, from Leer—Xantlius, James; Glendwr, Evans; Eliza Ann, Richards ; Factor, Williams ; James, Rankin ; Duke of Wellington, Platten ; and Salus, Micherson, from London—Edward, Hughes, from Hull—Stranglord, Carral ; Elizabeth, Robb; Louisa, Chalker, from Poole—Mercury, Lewis, from Newport—William, Cearns, from Arklow—Seymour, Snooks, from Wicklow--Reform, urdoch, from Dublin. SAIL o.—Salsette, Harrison, for Port Philip, N.S.W.—William 4. ckers, Nicol, for La Guayra and Puerto Cabello—Stirling, Saun ders, for Wiscasset. Acadia, (steamer,) hence for Halifax, was spoken on the sth inst. , at 7 p.m., off Cape Clear : wind, E. President, (steamer,) hence for New York, was spoken Agermria, Evans, hence for Dordt, at Newport . Swallow, Swanson ' hence for Hamburgh, at Padstow Rainbow, Tatham, hence for Dordt, at Brawershaven Norman, Wood, hence, and Cork, at Jamaica Tyrone, -, sailed from Jamaica for this port 20th June Richmond, , hence, at Virginia Erie, Funk, hence, at New York, 12th July Ocean, Millard. and. Francis Depau, Forley, hence, at ditto, 13th Belize, Bellona, and Robert Burns, hence, at Quebec Anna Liffey, Duffay, hence, at Grosse Isle Cossack, Delarue, hence, at Antigna • Prowler, M'Dowell, from Messina at Smyrna Fanny Palmer, Cutting, sailed from Smyrna loth July; and Stamboul, Sloman, on the 1 7th, both for Falmouth Royal William, Miller; and Torch, Bain, from Leghorn Albion, Ives, hence, at Almeira Cintra, Pennell, hence, at Cadiz Reward, Salmon, hence, at St. Übes Rival, Dausty, hence, at the Texel Elizabeth and Anne, Hodge, hence for Havre, at Holyhead Mersey, -, from Ilfracombe for Quebec, was spoken on the 2d August, in lat 61, long 10 Diadem, Lambert, hence for New York, was spoken 20th June; in hat 45, long . 40 His Royal Highness Prince Albert will visit Oxford im mediately after the vacation, when it is said his royal high ness will have the honour of D. C. L. conferred on him by diploma. Foreign copper ores have so much increased at the Swan sea mart, that several of the Cornwall mines have been aban doned, and large numbers of men are disemployed accord ingly.—Cornwall Gazette. THE QUEEN D O WAGI2. - 1 - ler Majesty will complete her 46th year on the 13th instant. Her Majesty i s i n excel lent health, andintends passing the winter in this country, having given up, we understand, her contemplated visit to Germany or Malta for season. NEW KIND OF TIN PLATE. —M. Budy has formed a supe rior tin plate of iron and nickel. It is five or six times harder than that now in use, and is very advantageous. v for culinary utensils, as it does not communicate any copur to sauces. which common tin plate frequently does. • THE WEATHER—THE HARVEST.—The weather is still most favourable for the crops, which are now advancing rapidly to perfection. The accounts from all parts of the country are to a similar effect. The harvest will soon begin in Scotland, should the fine weather continue.—Scottish Standard. A NOVEL SENTENCE.-At the Huntingdonshire quarter sessions, John Parrner, aged fifty-seven, inaltster , charg e d, on the oath of Mr. Richard Hopkins, with stealing a quan tity of steeped barley, hi s p roperty , a t St. Ives, pleaded guil ty, and was sentenced to be detained in the custody of the jailor for one hoar.'! ! ma PENNY POSTAGE.—By a treasury order, every post master and letter-receiver, without exception, is bound to sell the postage label stamps to the public at a penny each, whatever number sold, whether a single stamp or more; and the covers at lid each. This should be universally known— that wherever there is a postoffice there is also a depot for the stamps and covers. MIRACULOUS ESCAPE.—On Wednesday, the 29th ult., Mr. William Wood, farmer, Barrack, New Deer, in com pany with his son, - went to take out a stone that projected from a draw-well on his farm. He descended into the well about nine o'clock a.m. ; and, when about to remove the stone, thirty feet under the surface, the whole of the internal building gave way and buried him in its ruins. His son gave the alarm, the neighbours were promptly on the spot, and commenced working with the greatest vigour, but never ex pected to see their friend in life. After five hours of severe labour, the body was got out, and, to the surprise of all present, life was not extinct, nor a bone broken ! On Thursday morning Mr. Wood was able to speak, and strong hopes are entertained of his recovery.—Scottish Standard. THEATRE ROYAL, LIVERPOOL Mr. W. FARREN, of the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden, is engaged at this Theatre, for a limited period, and will make his second appearance this evening. Tenth night of Mr. ANDERSON, of the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden, who is also engaged for a limited period. THIS present TUESDAY, August 11th, 1840, the enter tainments will commence with the petit Comedy of A DAY AFTER THE WEDDING. Colonel Freelove.... Mr W. Howard. Lady Elizabeth Mrs. W. H. Bland. After which, the Drama, in three acts, called PAST AND PRESENTJ OR, THE ANNALS OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. Larose Mr. W. Farren, (As originally performed by him in London.) Count de Florville Mr. W. Howard. Julian de St. Victor.. Marchioness de St. Victor. Celestine Miss Grant. Mr. Chaplin Sournoir.... Mr. G. Horncastle. Marie.... Mrs. Baker. The whole to conclude with the favourite Afterpiece, called CHARLES THE SECOND. King Cherie , . Mr. Anderson. Earl of Chaplin. Edward Captain Copp.... Mr. Baker. Mary Copp .... Mrs. Tellet. On WEDNESDAY, will be revived, ivlurphy's Comedy, not acted here for twelve years, called A WAY TO KEEP HIM. Sir Bashful Constant, Mr. W. Farren; Lovemore, Mr. Anderson ; The Widow Belmont.. Mrs. W. H. Bland ; Mrs. Lovemore, Miss Cleaver; Lady Constant, Mrs. Baker; Muslin, Mrs. Clarke ; Mignionet. Mrs. Tellet. After which, the Farce of SHOCKING EVENTS. Griffinhoof (horse doctor) Mr. W. Farren, as originally performed by him ; Mr. Puggs, Mr. Baker ; Kitty, Mrs. Tellet. Placid EXHIBITION. WILL SHORTLY. CLOSE CAPTAIN SIBORN' S MODEL OF THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO. THE celebrated MODEL OF THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO is NOW OPEN for EXHIBITION at the GALLERY OF THE UNION ROOMS, Slater street, Bold-street. Open from Ten in the Morning till Ten at Night mission, One Shilling each IMPORTANT TO MUNICIPAL VOTERS To secure a vote at the next municipal election, the following is the necessary qualification, namely : " The occupation on' the ensuing 31st August, and during the two preceding years, of a house, warehouse, counting-house, or shop, within the borough, for which the occupier is rated, and on which all rates due thereon, except those becoming due within six months before the 31st, have been paid before thdt date." The occupier must also, during the whole of that pe riod, (say two years and nine months) have been an in habitant householder within seven miles of the borough. The day on which claimants' qualifications must be completed, and the last day for payment of rates, is the 31st of August. The sth of September is the day on which the overseers are required to make out the burgess lists, and to deliver them to the Town-clerk, who is to fix a copy of them on the Town-hall, during the week preceding the 15th of September. A person succeeding to the occupation of a house, 4.c., by descent, marriage, demise, arc., is entitted to reckon as his own the occupancy and rating of the person by or through whom he succeeds. rht Eiberpoof rtanbatt. TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 11, 1840 By her Majesty's packet Reindeer we have received a file of the Guiana Chronicle to the 15th of June, in clusive. They contain no news whatever. The Vo luntary Immigration Society had issued a fresh address, calling upon the colonists to come forward still more actively to support the objects of the association. Se veral arrivals of labourers had taken place from Balti more, and the prospects of the colony appeared to be slowly improving. The report of Messrs. Peck and Price has been republished by the Chronicle. It has given unfeigned satisfaction to the planters, as well as to every other class of the inhabitants, by all of whom it is confidently referred to, as affording a triumphant refutation of the charges so frequently brought against the colony by ignorant and self-seeking demagogues. We have received our files of the Jamaica Royal Gazette and of the Jamaica Standard to the 27th of June, inclusive. .We are glad to learn that Sir Charles Metcalfe is proceeding in the even tenour of his way, conciliating all parties, effecting as much good as lie can, correcting abuses where he finds them to exist, and endeavouring, to the best of his power, to restore public confidence, without which it is impossible for any government to be successful. The Royal Gazette says that " the factious party have fairly expended every opprobrious expression towards lowering the representative of Majesty, to whom they owe - alregt= ance, and the most insulting and outrageous language has been used in the Baptist conventicles towards Sir Charles Metcalfe, that could be applied to man." The aspersions thus cast upon the Governor, on account of his strictly independent and impartial policy, have failed in producing their intended effect. We fancy that Mr. Knibb, after all his boasting, has found, ere this, that his influence at the Colonial-office is not so great as to cause the least uneasiness to the friends of good order in Jamaica. His representations have evi dently resulted in nothing, unless, indeed, in a suita ble rebuke to his meddling impertinence and arrogant presumption. The Royal Gazette remarks that " the. late riot of Falmouth would not be worth alluding to, were it not that it has shown to what extremity the people are ripe." It shows what effect the abuse of the authori ties, and the never-ending tirades levelled by the Bap tists from their pulpits against all who are not of the faction, has obtained upon the minds of the people. It also shows that, without the greatest caution, the flame of rebellion may be speedily kindled in the island. This affords another argument in favour of that unde viating firmness of character which has been mani fested by the present Governor. We learn from the papers before us that the pros pects of the island are more gloomy than ever. Ine vitable ruin appears to stare the planters in the face. The decrease in the exports of the island, it is said, will scarcely be believed until the regular return of sugar shipped to October of the present year is made out. The former estimate of two-thirds of the last year's crop will scarcely be realised. The usual ship ping have to leave the island to proceed elsewhere for a cargo home ; while those ships which remain have, almost without exception, to fill up with wood, and some even to take in ballast. The Gazette asserts that scarcely one vessel had latterly sailed with her com plement of produce, and that many were from 150 to 200 hogsheads short. Well may our colonial contem porary exclaim—" Where, now, is the El Dorado of friend Gurney, of which he saw the prospect when he said, When the merchantmen which frequent the harbours of Jamaica shall be multiplied—when her staple productions of sugar and coffee shall more than recover their former amount—when vegetable produc tions shall be poured forth, at a cheap rate, from the mountains to the towns' ?" How miserably have these prophecies been falsified ! Much stress has been recently laid, by the speakers at our anti-slavery meetings, upon the increased imports into Jamaica, within the last three years. This increase, which has certainly been very considerable, l:as been confidently referred to, in many of the British journals, as anything but an indication of diminished prosperity. The editors of the Jamaica Standard and Royal Gazette have, however, set the question at rest. They have explained the apparent anomaly, that the increase of the imports is no proof of the advancement of a colony, but that it frequently proves a retrogression of its pros- perity. The imports iuto Jamaica, in the year 1835, were £367,628 ; in 1836, £387,979 ; in 1837, £463,322 ; in 1838, £439,531 ; and for the half-year to July, 5, 1839, £248,884. The principal increase took place in the articles of flour, rice, meal, and bread. This increase is owing to the great deficiency in the natural productions of the island—the want of cultivation of the staple provisions for which it is famed. Here we find the true secret of the apparent prosperity of its trade and commerce. On this subject the Gazette very forcibly remarks—" On the first dawn of freedom, when as yet, the negroes' minds were in a most unsettled state, and no inducement could get them to return to their ordinary occupations, it was generally considered that the market would abound in vegetables and bread kind. As time rolled on, and thousands of the people withdrew from the estates, settling down on their small freeholds, and locating themselves in the new town ships, we fondly hoped that large tracts of land would be placed under cultivation, and that we should no longer require foreign aid to contribute to our necessi ties ; but this is not the case ; many of our peasantry depended on what they could obtain for a precarious existence, and those that planted were robbed. The con sequences are, that our markets are less 'abundantly supplied than before, and the provisions are not of the