The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-05-08 00:00:00

o the tyrant tn2"nritv for adopting- a principle which the C , '//;•ori'M/e itsolf has strenuously advocated? Efate Our liberal Town Councillors not given an admi q,. example of that " irresponsibility gently veiled lgthinti, the cant of independence" which the radicals ftlll,bi•on beh,,lf of the electors at large ? But we have not yet done with the gentle editors of seigronic/e. They sa., in reference to the majority of Wednesday, that they must move the previous question as the most insulting form in which they could couch their refusal to listen to the just wishes of the electors." Is it the first time that they have insulted the electors and refused to accede to their just wishes ? Look'at . the choice of the rejected candidates as alder men. Was riot that an insulting diiregard of the just wishes of the constituency, and a display of " utter con tempt for public opinion and public feeling ?" Here, again, the Chronicle is inconsistent, because it lavished its praises on that grand infraction of the wholesome rule of paving deference to the " just wishes of the electors." Why was not a whisper heard against the proceedings to which we allude ? Simply because the sixteen aldermen, many of whom were rejected by " the people," were all thick and thin radicals. Why do we now hear such grumbling from the reckless faction ? Because the ma jority in the Town Council, in a fit of extraordinary liberality, explicable only on the ground that they must have had some sinister object in view, chose to nominate one or two gentlemen of conservative principles for the list of magistrates. It is a crime of unpardonable enor mity to show any favour to gentlemen of loyal opinions: it is an act deserving of the highest praise to elevate into offices of trust and responsibility the most ignorant and contemptible of the faction. Such is radical con- sistency. It seems, however, that the tyrant maj'rity are not to escape unpunished for presuming to vote in opposition to their radical masters out of doOrS. Already,has the Chronicle proclaimed war to the knife against the dis obedient and refractory crew, who have made such " shipwreck of their principles.". Listen, reformers of , Liverpool, to the following magniloquent appeal : " The previous question be it then! We also move the pre vious question in the name of the Reformers of Liverpool, and our previous question is, measures not men, principles not persons. We have not all this time been struggling simply for a change of masters in the Council, for a subverting of forty-one irrhs ponsibles so place sirty-foar in the seine position to ride rough. 4,hod over us.. Our watery has been " THE PEOPLE"—our efforts have been for them, and for their privileges, and for their right to be fairly represented in our local government by men who were in all their proceedings to be responsible to them. The electors are not a mere ladder by which others are to climb up to power, and then to kick down the steps by which whey ascended—on the contrary, they are the main point, the Alpha and Omega, the all in all, according to our estimate o f the relative position of the represented and the representatives." " Measures, not men—principles, not persons," is the very motto which was adopted by the Times when Sir Robert Peel assumed office, prepared to carry into effect measures of real reform, and to act"upon principles of real liberality. But what said the Liverpool radical journals at the time? Did they not vehemently protest against such a rule ? Did they not proclaim the Times an apostate for its adherence to principle and its oppo sition to faction It is,really amusing to hear the radicals now crying put that they had. placed sixty. four irresponsibles in the Town Council to ride rough-shod over them. It is gra tifying.,to perceive that the poor creatures have at length found out that a radical town-councillor must necessarily be an essentially tyrannical personage. We sincerely hope that they will profit by their experience and take care next time to send sixteen good and honest conser vativesto represent their interests. • Let us hope for such " a happy termination of this 'untoward affair." The following " elegant extract" cannot fail to excite a laugh :--- " Who do our readers think rose to beard the electors by moving the previous question, to mark his contempt for them? Who, but Mr: William W llace Currie, seconded by Mr. T. B. Barclay. Yes! Electors of Liverpool! Mr. William Wallace Currie was the great arch-traitor and Judas of the day. With honey and sugar, and butter and treacle, and flummery, and every kind of smooth thing and every kind of sweet thing upon his lips, he proceeded for some half hour or so to exhaust his round of drawing-room phrases and courtly nothings to blind your eyes and understandings—and then—proh pudor! MOyED THE PREVIOUS QUESTION, seconded, as we said - before, b y Mr. T. B. Barclay—and —alas—that we shuuld have to say it—two and twenty other members of the Town-council moved as satellites 'round these twin planets of apostacy in their eccentric course. It now remains for the electors of Liverpool to show of chat metal they are made. They have their fate in their own hands —if they succumb, political slavery is too good .for them." Really this is very amusing. " It is a very pretty luarrel.as it is ;" and we shall certainly not. spoil it by attempting to act the part of mediators. We leave the " great arch-traitor and-Judas of,the day," and "the two and twenty other members of the Town Council" •who " moved as satellites round these twin planets of apos lacy" to their fate. The Chronicle has pronounced their doom, and against the oracular decision of this avowed organ of the radicals we have only one objection to make. The Chronicle includes in its anathema (to use a pet phrase of the testy Alderman for Rodney Ward) three :conservatives. As to their fate we have no fears what ever, if they take care in future to avoid the . folly of voting with the radicals on any question involving a political principle. We cannot, however, quit the subject without noticing the extraordinary declaration of Mr. Coglan, who said " perhaps he should give a more honest vote if left to his own unfettered opinions," that is, if allowed to avail himself of vote by ballot, " because he could vote without o f fending individuals." There is an independent repre sentative for you! Electors of St. Ann's:Ward, see what sort of stuff the man of your choice is made! Will you 'trust him for the future ? What confidence can you re- Pose in his political honesty ? In conclusion, we may remark that the cause of all this disturbance need not have existed at all. Why are the members of the Town Council obliged to undertake the invidious task of recommending individuals for the Magistracy ? Why is not the duty of selection devolved upon the Lord Lieutenant? We consider it to be our duty to do all we can to set aside this whig-radical inno vation. POSTOFFICE REFORM.—We are happy to inform our readers that a petition is now lying for signature at the several public places in town for a thorough reform of tli Postotlice regulations. We are sure that a petition which so universally concerns the public will be nu ►nerously signed. We do not know that we can better express our opinions on the subject than by quoting the following petition from the Post Circular:— To the Honourable the Commons of Great Britain and Ireland, in Parliantont assembled, The humble petition of the Rev. William Carus Wilson, of Casterton Hall, in the county of Westmorland, Sheweth—That your petitioner is duly sensible of the ad- Vantages enjoyed by the nation from the Post-office system as at present existing, as well as of the promptitude and courtesy with which the the officers of that department attended at all times to any application for redress or improvement. But that your petitioner is of opinion that material altera tions might be made (and that without endangering the revenue) which, to say nothing of the great advantages, would have an importaiat moral influence on the country. 1. That the taxing of letters, not bs weight, but by the num ber of enclosures, and the consequent necessity for minutely examining the contents, presents a temptation to fraud which it would be highly expedient to prevent. 2. That it is equally expedient to prevent the strong induce ment which frequently presents itself, to violate the existing laws of the country by the illegal transfer of letters. 3. That your petitioner is strongly impressed with a sense of the expediency of grantin , to the poorer classes of the commu nity every facility of Correspondence, not only as a great pri °ilege which would be highly valued and is easily granted, hut , which, in a moral point of view, would have the happiest ten dency on the charities of social life, and be the means of keep 'NZ. alive the interests of family connexions. It is impossible to contemplate a mote gratifying reflection than that the poore;t families in the realm have ceased to suffer one serious aggravation of their lot, as consisting in a long and hopeless severance from those most dear to them, and are now, 10 common with all ranks of the community, blest with every facility of intercourse. • 4 - That, with reference to the moral view of the questi on , Your petitioner suggests that a powerful and legitimate stimulus ,venlil hereby be given to education. That for the accomplishment of these important objects, Your petitioner st*lngly recommends the principle, at least, of Mr. Rowland [lilt's system; the-enclosure of letters in taxed covers the charge by weight, and the reduction of postage. That if danger to the revenue be apprehended (though when the immense increase of letters is considered, and that ult would be sent by the post, it is humbly suggested there could be none), your petitioner is of opinion that the postages udght. fixed at twopence, including the whole expenses of cover, instead of one penny, as proposed by Mr. Hill. - That the advantages of such a measure to trade,diterature, and science, are obvious; but that you petitioner's chief object is to entreat your Honourable House to take into its serious consideration the moral advantages which it will confer on all classes of the community. And your petitioner will ever pray. CORRESPONDENCE. TO THE DOCK TRUSTEES. GENTLEMEN,—You have now obtained the sanction of the common council to your resolution to build dock warehouses. The common council, it is true, appeared ashamed at their late meeting of their decisitin, when one of the thousand cases of the injustice entailed thereby on individuals was plainly stated to them; one ultra liberal, who, to use his own words, "perhaps will vote more honestly with the ballot,"—(bear him, ye rate payers of St. Anne's Ward !)—argued that the injustice of their .decision was not injustice, because "he assumed that" it will be disputed in Parliament. (I suppose this is the age of reason" or modern " black is white" code of morality.) Your principal advocate appears to have been excited in an extraordinary manner, and instead ot• argument, he assailed the gentlemen who introduced the subject with a violent characteristic and personal attack, for which even the Mayor reproved him : still the council has sanctioned your resolution, and the proprietors of land aid warehouses are preparing to resist your attempt— allow me to avail myself of this interval to take a brief review of the case. The Liverpool docks and the present warehouses have grown •up together to the present period, and display respectively, in the strongest possible manner, the disadvantages of a Monopoly, and the great advantage of general competition. The dock est ate;alt hough separated from the corporate estate, by the true liberality and wisdom •of the much-abused council of old freemen of a former period, has still proved to be a grievous monopoly of the whole harbourof the Mersey, the dock charges being extravagantly high, and the doCk accommodation totally inadequate to the want of the port, with an entire disregard to minor facilities, and an ample supply of arbitrary regulations, fence, and insolence. Warehouses, on the other hand—mark the difference—being left to the general competition of individuals, have been erected to an extent far exceed►ng the wants of the town, and in such situations as were found most convenient. Warehouse room is consequently abirays abundant, and at very low charges, in Liverpool. •• • .BefOre entering into this contest, in which, if successful, you would greatly injure or ruin property exceeding in value the duck estate, belonging to individuals more numerousand power ful than yourselves, and directly tending to reduce to want nu merous poor persons interested in•carts, many casters and por ters, it is certainly - due to them, and to the inhabitants at large of this great and populous town, as Your measure, if carried out, will gently deteriorate all house and land, as well as warehouse property, it is due, l say, to the inhabitants, that you investigate the causes of delay in discharging ships, and prove to the public, that the.whole delay arises from the situation of the present warehouses, and that the expenses - of rent greatly exceed the same charges in other large ports, and that the only remedy is to build dock warehouses. It is obvious that if dock warehouses are an advantage, they must be general and adequate to the whole trade.of the port, but common sense rejects the notion that vessels will be discharged one iota faster because there are dock warehouses on the quay, there being already upwards of 100 warehouses on the dock quays. Surely, the liberals and free traders amongst you do not contemplate 'applying for exclusive privileges fur the dock warehouses, and so bolster up a system which must inevitably, though gradually, ruin all the other warehouses in the town, and eventually establish a monopoly fur the dock warehouses, as no individuals can contend against a public body with ex clusive privileges and public funds. The statement of Mr. Har bord clearly proves, that the warehousing charges at Liverpool, including cartage, are less than the warehousing charges of London, exclusive of cartage. The facts, that large West India vessels have frequently been discharged in two or three days, the recent instance of Messrs. J. B. Yates and Co.'s ship Brilliant discharged a Jamaica cargo in 20 hours, the frequent rapid discharge of American packet ships, and 1 will say, the general despatch in the discharge of ships from the United States, abundantly prove, that the situa tion of warehouses does not affect the question. I maintain, that the whole delay arises before the merchandise reaches the scale to be weighed, and is attributed to the following causes:—Want of dock accommodation—delay of merchants in entering their respective goods—the regulations of the customs as to entry of cargo'hefore the vessel is put on turn for a land ing•waiter=want of landing-waiters'and shdrlness of working timei—dock regulations not giving a birth till ship is put on turn fora landing-waiter—loss of time on procuring and rigging stays- want of cranes for discharging—the inefficient number of porters sent by merchants to receive their goods. I submit that the true remedies are:—'That every cargo be bonded by the shipowner on the day of arrival—that the customs he required to procure more landing-waiters and officers; and to extend the time for working—that all vessels discharge at two hatchways—that an organised system of porters be establish ed to provide plenty of me❑ to receive cargo as fast as landed, and put it expeditiously through the scale—and, finally, that you gentlemen of the dock committee exert yourselves strenuously in your proper department by providing more dock and quay accommodation—providing efficient bodies of men to work the docks, providing stages and crane both for discharging ships and loading off• the goods so as to render the present docks inure efficient, extending the dock sheds, and adopting an improved system with them, and reducing the dock -rates, if you have too much money. If you labinir zealously in these improvements, permit me to assure you, that you will do infinitely more service to the trade of the port, than by squandering the funds of the dock estate,at present unfortunately under your charge, in mischievous at tempts to alter and extend an already overgrown monopoly, by covering half the present deficient quay space with dock ware houses.—l remain, Gentlemen, Your obedient servant, A SHIPOWNER. To the Dock Committee, Liverpool. ST. GEORGE'S HALL. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STAXIMRD. Ste,—The period is approaching when• preparations will be made for our Musical Festival, and the building of the hall is abandoned, at least for the present; so that it is very probable that one of our churches must again be used for the purpose of the performances, i tti the great inconvenience of the congrega• tion. . I feel confident that if the gentlemen who issued a pros pectus some time ago for the erection of a Music Hall, and which project merged into that of the intended St. George's Hall, were to recommence their labours, the number of shares. requisite to make a building worthy of this great town, and suitable for our festivals as well as other public purposes, would soon be subscribed for, and might be completed in time for the forthcoming festival. I understand that the applications for shares in the Music Hall, previous to the public meeting at the Town Hall. were sufficient to have commenced theundertaking, but in consequence of the proceedings at that meeting, were, in a manner, transferred to the intended St. George's Hall. The land, 1 presume, would be available as proposed by the Corpo ration; the design and extent of the building might be in ac cordance with the space; and, therefore, if the originators of the Music Hall will only persevere, the public, I feel certain, will take a lively interest -in promoting the work to completion.— Yours; &c., AN APPLICANT FOR SHARES. [We have received several other communications on the subject of a public-hall, and shall be glad to receive any authen ticated information in reply to the above" PUBLIC AMUSEMENTS. MADAME Fit.trowicz's CONCERT.—Last evening this lady, whose performances_ on the violin—an inStrun:ent hitherto considered as wholly out of the sphere, and almost above the reach of successful female attainment—have excited much re mark iu the musical world, gave a concert at the Templar's hall, Great George-street. We were glad to see so full an at tendance. Novelty here, as 'on all occasions, was the source of attraction to many. As a violinist, Madame Filipowicz may he considered as a first-rate performer. There is nothing extra ordinary about her playing, further than it is extraordinary to hear a lady play such an instrument, and so well. Her style is plain and devoid almost of all ornament; but this is made up by the firm; even, round, and sometimes splendid tone she produces out of her instrument • and on occasions she exhibits great execution and command of bow. We confess that, to us, whether it be from habit or association of ideas, there appeared something unfeminine in this lady's performances which, while we could not hut admire and applaud it, was repulsive. The excitement and vigourous movement of the bow arm in going through a rapid passa g e of music ill a cc o r d s with o ur notions of female delicacy. Mons. Filipowicz inflicted on the audience a dolorous Polish melody which would not have been tolerated from an. English singer. Szczepanowski played, in a masterly manner ? a fantasia on the guitar, in which lie intro duced several sweet melodies. It is an instrument, however, the hest music from, which is scarcely worth hearing. Mr. Haddock played'a , solo on . -the violoncello ,with much taste. He was londly:applarided• The Messrs. Herrmann also lent their valuable aid.. The concert passed off extremely well. THEATRE ROYAL.—Mr. and Mrs. Wood continue at this theatre to the end of this week. Last evening the opera of "La Sonnambula" was repeated to - a very good house. On Wednesday the opera of "Cinderella" is to be brought out. The pantomime still continues to form the afterpiece. It abounds in the usual quantum of pantomimic tricks. EASTERN BANK OF SCOTLA ND.— We observe by a paragraph in the.Duadee Chronicle, of s th May , that the amount of capital for t h e p ur p ose o f constituting the com required for the constitution of the company having now b een c u a tu il c e l a i ifnotr)raentehaarnlysduabysciribed, a meeting of the' partner s w ill b e pany, and transacting other necessary business. TE HE LATE FIR IN RteitsioNn - itow.—ln con sequence o f many erroneous statements having gone the round of the papers respecting the extent to which Mr. T. Bradley was insured, he has requested us to state, (as he deems it necessarv,) th a t though the Liverpool Insurance Company has b e h ave d in the most honorable manner, he will still be a c o nsiderable loser. The account rendered in to the committe e a mounted to upwards (4E2,700, whereas the insurance only cov e red £ 15 00; of this, adding the value of the salvage which t he c ompany generously allowed him, his loss will exceed £llOO —(See advertisement.) We have this week to announce the death of the Rev. Francis Barnes, D.D.. late Master of St. Peter's College, i n t hi s university. He was originally educated at Eton and King's College, was an eleant scholar, and endeared to all who knew him by the cheerfulness of his disposition, the easy urbanity of his manners, and his ready kindness to all, of whatever rank and order, who could benefit by his assistance. lie was Master of the College fur fifty years. and died at his lodge on Tuesday last, *he Ist. of May, at the advanced age of 91. The venerable gentleman also held the Professorship of Casuistry, to which he was elected in 1813. He proceeded to the degree of 8.A., in 1768.—Cambridge Chronicle. [Dr., Barnes was a native of Bolton,• near Lancaster, and uncle of Mrs. Leather, Upper Parliament-street.] ACCIDENTS.—On Saturday a brewer's dray was coming down Rupert.place, Everton, when the horses took fright and 'ran against the shop of a greengrocer, at the corner pr the brow. An old woman, who had been at the overseer's to seek relief, was much bruised by the dray running against her,—On the same day a country cart, from Kirby, was standing at the top of Richmond-row, the driver having gone into a puttliC-Isouse to drink. The horse took fright, and a buy who who 'was inside. in emleAvouring to check its career, teas thrown out. The wheel went over his body, and. he was conveyed to the Infirmary with but slight bores of .recovery. LIVERPOOL MECIIANIqS INSTITUTION LECTURE ON POLAND On Saturday evening Minis. N. F. Zaba, a Polish exile, de livered a lecture . 01 extreme interest upon the repealed struggles which Poland has wade to preserve and obtain her liberty as welt as upon her pi esent state. We never saw enthusiasm here so highly worked up in an audience than it was (luring the de livery of this lecture, and certainly the animated delivery, the simple unadoseed pathos, and impressive language of the lec turer, were sullicient to have invested a less noble subject with the highest irnlr The history of a native that has occupied for many ages the high station among the nations, and whose struggles for inde pendence have excited the deepest sympathy throughout Europe, cannot but be of the greatest interest to evety intelligent mind. I step forward to give you a brief sketch of the political history of my nation, for I believe that a knowledge of its political his tory will always excite for Poland the deepest sympathy. As no nation on the face of the earth can boast of having en joyed at au early period the advantages of goof and free insti tutions, Poland likewise made a slow but gradual improvement in the social state. • History shows no light upon her early days. It seems, however, that the Poles existed as a nation 1,000 years. ago. Its political existence would appear to date from the 8:h. century. It is to be regretted that we have very imperfect ac-: counts of the early relig:on of the Poles, as they would have afforded most interesting ideas of the state of the inhabitants, nevertheless we have the authority of the earliest chronicles that mildness must have been its concomitant, as no persecution was ever raised against the missionaries in their pious labours. The cbtistian religion was very generally diffused towards the , end of the tenth century, and from that period to 138 G. In spite of the most unfavourable circumstances, Poland gradually. rose to a prosperous and social state. The Poles were divided into two classes, the equestrian order, or the uobleswho fought on horse back against the enem i es o f th e i r coun try, and the serfs, to whom were confided th e l a b ours o f h us b a ndry. The eques trian order was established upon the broadest principles of de mocracy; for no distinctions were known amongst them, there were no titles, but they called one another .by the fond name of brother. Again, the law of entail, that powerful instrument of the feudal system, never existed in Poland. Every member of a large family enjoyed the same privileges, and shared in the pr - eterty of ttieir parents, hence they•grew gradually to a giant strength, and this will account to you why the Poles, amidst all their struggles, have preserved a strong attachment to their birth-place and liberty. The second order, although I ate dis posed to say but few words in defence of the system, which de prives a large portion of the country of their rights; still the Polish serf proved in his bondage the nobleness of the human rage, for how could he be so brave in the defence of his master, if he was so degraded as some writers say, who have never had an opportunity of judging for themselves? History informs its, that as early as 1347, a diet or Parliament •as called, in order to frame laws calculated to encourage commerce and industry in the city, and to give a wise and just government to the king dom: In 1486 a new dynasty was introduced into the king dom, and after 200 years she attained a high rank among the nations. At the end of the fourteenth century the hereditary monarchy gave •way to the elective, and she immediately. made rapid strides in civilization and freedom. She became famous for eminent men in every department of literature, and in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries deputies were sent front every district, with the view of consulting together for the promotion of the happiness of the couutry. Liberal ideas were daily gaining ground in Poland. and after the death of the last King of the Jacquenots, the Polish throne became vacant. The Poles were called upon to fill up the vacant monarchy, and in 1573 they determined that every king in- future should be elected by the votes - of the majority of the electors. Every Polish as well as foreign nobleman was entitled to become a candidate, but he was not crowned before he siened a solemn compact called " Pacta conventa." If he violated this, his subjects were absolved from their allegiance. I feel compelled to own that this elective monarchy was the cause of the downfall of Poland, but if it had been properly conducted, this would not have been the case. The principal cause of the misfortunes of Poland is„that.she allowed the foreign princes to sue for the crown. No sooner was there a vacancy, than the most bare faced bribery and influence was resorted to, and the foreign gold had a baneful influence upon the morals and character of the nation. A foreign prince elected to the Polish throne, being a stranger to the laws and genius of the people, could feel but little interest in the promotion of their welfare, compared with a native, whilst this kindness ever bent upon strangers„ to render the Polish throne hereditary in his family. Thus, a great deal of the miseries of Poland was the election of tbreign princes. Another cause was its geographical situation, en compassed by three great powers, the Poles could not make a single effort without being obliged to fight their way. That the elective monarchy had its bright traits as well as its dark ones, was evident in the life of John Sobieski, whose name is known through the whole civilized world, wherever the sound of liberty has reached. Who is ignorant of the magnanimous ex ploits of John Sobieski before the walls of Vienna, when it was besieged by 300,000 Turks. On that occasion he took the field 'in defence of Christianity, and restored Austria to her former eminence, and returned without claiming any reward for his services to his own country, ,covered alone with the glory of that event. Ali Europe was filled with the praises of Johu Sobieski, and they did not fear to say that there was a man sent down by heaven, whose name was John. This brilliant event alone ought to have secured to the Poles the assistance of all Europe, at least of Austria, when they were struggling for their political existence. But we shall see that Austria herself, to her eternal disgrace, leagued herself with the enemies of Poland to work out her destruction The election of foreign princes to the Polish throne ought to be considered as the chief cause of all her misfortunes. They had neither morals nor genius, and she constantly kept up re lations with foreign princes contrary to the interests of the peo ple. The intimate friendship which subsisted between Frederick Augustus, the second king of Poland, and Peter the Great of Russia, introduced for the first time the power of the Russian cabinet into Poland. Peter's first step towards the subjugation. of Poland was by persuading Frederick Augustus that he would never be able to realize his purpose of rendering the throne hereditaty as long as a standing army of 80,000 men was kept up. Frederick persuaded the Poles, on,the score of economy, to reduce this army to 18,000, and, from this impolitic act per formed in 1770, cotinenced-the decline of Poland, for when we consider that Poland is surrounded by three powerful potentates, who kept up large military forces, it will at once be seen . that Poland, by disbanding her forces, exposed herself to imminent danger. At the death of Frederick Augustus in 1773, she speedi ly discovered, though Russia and Prussia were united in their e shir o . i,s A as y t o h u e t i l i g k t i n n a g n , by w t i l t i .h e o t tany talents, wa s p ro p ose d to determination to cau se - h er to accept a k i ng contrary to her powers. His n ame was Sta nislaus Poniatowski. No sooner was this known than the pa triots refused to concur in the election, but being overawed by the Russian and Prussian troops, they were obliged to proclaiiii him as the Polish king. in 1774. We are now arrived at the reigned' the last king of Poland, that epoch so disastrous nod so 'pregnant with misfOrtunes. Soon after the election of Stands_ laps to the Polish throne, the conduct of the Russian ambassador showed the end of his mission. He sowed dissention anyone the Poles, and urged them to take up arms against the government. The empress Catherine, alarmed at the progress made by the patriots in asserting their rights, sent orders to her ambassador to the seize the people who had taken part in the rising, and to send them to Siberia. Her order being executed, threw the whole country into the most feverish excitement. An eminent Pole called his countrymen to arms at Basle, and there a con federation was formed, the object of which was to put an end to all foreign intervention. The patriots assembled around his banner, and very soon he mustered a very considerable array. When we consider that for four years, without a standing army, without the means of providing for war, these brave Poles maintained themselves against a well-organised army, we can not but award them our admiration. In vain the Polish ambas sadors visited every court of Europe, imploring assistance for his countrymen. The empress Catherine excited the Cossacks against the Poles, by alleging that they were fighting in defence of theii! religion. 't he y surprised a small town in Podoli, and put all the inhabitants to the sword. At least the patriots found themselves in the most critical situation, and the ap pearance of both the Prussian and Austrian armies in Poland, put an entire end to all - their hopes, and they were obliged to submit to their hard fate. Then it was, in 1772, that the first partition of Poland was effected. This atrocious conduct of the three neighbouring states roused the Poles, and they as siduously endeavoured to ascertain the source of all their evils, and to reconstruct their government upon a firm basis. In 1788, a 'diet was called in, which the regeneration of Poland was re solved upon. The state of politics seemed highly favourable. Austria and Prussia were engaged in a war with Turkey. Prussia encouraged the Poles in their design, and promised to lend her assistasace, Should the Poles require it, to regain her final independence. I,ri the mean time, the labours of the diet seemed to he completed, and they gave a new constitution to 'the country in 1791, according to the tenor of which elective. monarchy was abolished, and liberty proclaimed to all classes. The diet passed a law that their constitution should be revised every twenty years, by an extraordinary diet, called for that purpose, and such alteratious introduced as the spirit of the times might require. No sooner was this constitution pro claimed than it excited the utmost euthusiastn i and joy through out Poland. The empress Catherine protested against it, and, by her promises and bribes, -induced five nobles out of the whole number likewise to protest against it, and to call upon her for her aid and protection. Slie immediately assumed a warlike tone, and threatened the Poles with her vengeance if they should dare to carry their constitution into operation. The Poles flew to arms and called upon the King of Prussia for the assistance which he had promised .them, but, to their surprise, he at once altered hi s di spos i t i on towar d s the Poles, and declared himself for Russia. This conduct needs no corn tnent—it speaks for itself. The King Stanislaus, instead of de fending his country to the last drop of his blood, yielded to the demands of the empress. Thus the constitution was abolished, and the bigotted tyrant effected a second partition of Poland in 1793: this constitution, liberty was given to all classes, and any native or foreigner had free permission to settle anywhere in Poland, for the purpose of carrying on their trades or ayuca-, tions I ask you, now, if the principles of this constitution are pernicious to social order, as Russia and Prussia dared to re present them in the face of the world? I ask you, now, if it is not evident that the only crime of Poland is - her desire to be free ? Had the Poles been allowed to carry on a reform pro tnising so much for the good of the country —a reform gained without a single drop of blood—a reform which was so highly approved of by the nation at large, Poland would have become a land of happiness—a land of liberty. I need not bias your judgments by quoting the opinions of celebrated men in those times who highly appreciated the spirit of this Polish constitu tion. Burke said, in parliament,. in 1791, that it was the greatest boon which was ever conferred upon humanity, for it aimed a deadly blow to slavery. But this extract from the constitu tion sufficiently shows ahat it was a most glorious work of legis lation. _ After these events Poland became an object of hatred to her neighbours. They could not bear a free nation for their neigh bour. It was a thorn in theii side, and they were afraid that the Poles, if allowed to carry on their reforms, would arrive at the maturity of good, and he the means of endangering their own thrones by communicating throughout their dominions the desire of liberty. Accordingly they begun to plan the total extinction of Pttland, and visited the Poles with heavy oppres sions.. In consequence of this they flew again to arms in 1794, and appointed Kosciusko to be their commander-in•chief. They proclaime.d liberty to all people, and it was oo such principles as these that Kosciusko placed himself at the bead of the troops. Ile compelled the King of Prussia to raise the siege of War saw, and make a precipitate retreat. But although a skilful general, his situation beeame gradually encompassed with difficulties. Kosciusko attempted to stop the advance of the enemy, and for some time the Poles defended their post against most disproportionate numbers. Their brave general was resolved to sell his life at the dearest rate—wherever danger was to he found there Kosciusko was likewise to be met with. .It was impossible to predict what would. have been the result of this bloody day if Kosciusko, carried on too much by his bra very, had not been grievously wounded ; and the report circu lating that be was killed, Threw the Polish ranks into great confusion. But the fate of Kosciusko was not as it had been generally supposed, he was recognised amongst the slain, his wounds were dressed, and he was made a Russian prisoner. Whilst his wounds were yet fresh he was taken to St. Peters burgh, and condemned to a dungeon for life. The father of the present emperor, upon his accession, give him his liberty, and Kosciusko retired to a more congenial clime, and died in 1770 lit Switzerland. The news of that disastrous event quickly spread to Warsaw. The netional forces were concentrated at Prague, which was defended with the utmost bravery, but being at length taken by Su,yarro ‘vi 2,),000 of the iohaliitants were butchered or that merciless eeueral. When Prague was lying in ruins •Warsaw capitulated, and the remains of the pa.riots retired.to foreien lands. The empress Catherine sent orders to that weak prince Stanklaus fur his •abdicatiOn. Hail he pos sessed sufficient courage to have resisted this in 1775 he would have redesmed a life of blunders; but he went to beg a resi• deuce in the Russian capital. Thus was Poland, after defeuding Europe against the ineursious of the .Tertars and Turks, per mitted by civilized Europe so be deprived of a political existence without the Least solid cause, for history cannot lay•any charge at her door. After this, the Poles expatriated themselves. The French republic gives a shelter to them, and the Polish legions were ;erased it, Italy in 1796. They , were not 'attached to the perso nal interests of •Buonaparte, as some writers think, for, at the time thee , were formed. his power was limited to the generalship. But when he afterwards attained his great power by means of his surprising genius, then the Poles looked up to hint in the hope of recovering tn. independence of their country. After the brilliant victory of the battle of Jena, Napoleon became the sole toaster of the destinies' of •Poland; but in 1807, instead of restoring Poland to her former eminence, to the greatest sur prise of the Poles he created this country an Archduchy of Warsaw; but in his expedition into Russia, in 1812, he needed the Poles. 11;etory will specially blame the conduct of Napo . leon on this. occasion, fur not recognizing the independence of Poland. In his disastrous retreat he was taught, uufurtunately too late, the importance of Poland as an independent state. The Holy Alliance which was formed shortly after at Vienna for the purpose of interposing a barrier to the Russian power, contemplated the iudepeudence of Poland as important to the preservation of the peace of Europe: England, Austria, and France declared themselves in favour of the Poles. Russia; on the contrary, claimed the possession of Poland under the pre text of having rendered great services in the deposition of Na poleon. In spite of this demand, England, France, and Aus tria seemed to be firm with respect to their intentions to Poland. A treaty was spoken of to compel Russia to comply with the wisheiof the Congress, but the sudden appearance of Buona parte gave a different tense to the debate, for Russia threatened to withdraw her assistance if Poland was not given up. France, of course, now could take no part in the affair, and the event was; that Poland was given up in order to secure the services of Russia against the incursions of Napoleon. In. the mean time the Battle of Waterloo put an end to the reign of Napoleon, and Louis went back to Paris. The charter of 1815 raised the fondest hopes in the bosoms of the Poles; but it was soon evi dent that this charter was never intended for use, but merely to blind the eyes of the ignorant. The autocrat of Russia with drew every means of education from the Poles. The better to promote his designs, he sent the Grand Duke Constantine to be the executor of his project —or, in fact, to be the executor of Poland, and he was so. The liberty of the press was in a short time curtailed. A department of vigprous censorship was esta blished, the task of which was not only to inspect all books im ported from abroad, but also to interfere with the manner in which the youth was taught. Court menials assumed the func tions of civil tribunals, and they subjected to the most degra ding- punishment, men whose only anxiety was to save their country from the trammels of corruption. The charter only existed by name. On the smallest suspicion, the most peaceful and retired citizens were taken away from the bosoms of their families and thrown into dungeons, without any trial. To crown this despotic power, the very innocent victims were bound to keep carefully the secret of their long and cruel sufferings, on their return to their homes under the pain of suffering the punishment of severe confinement. The name of the Grand Duke Constatitine will ever be associated with the feelings of horror in every Polish breast. He- employed spies to furnish him every day with the gossip of the town, and there was nut a man of liberal opinions who escaped punishment., As it is here a question to shew you to what extent the government of Russia carried on their oppression of the Poles, I may be excused in bringing before you somethinglin con nexion with my own person. In 1837 f bought a commission in the army, and from time to time to employ to the best, my leisure time, I wrote short paragraphs in the papers. I hap pened to snake some few observations on the state of politics in Europe—the passage must have been very moderate, as it met the approbation of the censorship—but it met with the dis approbation of the Grand Duke. I was imprisoned for four months, and not satisfied with this punishment, when my turn came to be advanced to a higher rank in the army, lie omitted me. Then I wished to retire from the army and petitioned the Grand Duke to that effect. The application was refused, and he ordered use to remain in Warsaw. I petitioned four times without effect. I pervailed upon the medical board to give me a certificate that my health was so far impaired that it was im possible for me to remain any longer in the service. This pe tition was disregarded, and he sent au order to the board that if I were not restored to health in a fortnight. the medical board would be dismissed from their office • and I was obliged for the safety of the officers to state that I was better. It was two years before Lobtained my dismissal. It could be easy to give many instances of this kind. In order to shew you in a stronger light the faithless conduct of Nicholas and Alexander to Poland, let us look at the state of the old division of Poland. Were the stipulations which were made performed? No! but the contrary. The youth in progress of - education was particularly aimed at, —but it is not so easy to stifle the propagation of generous sentiments—the youth combined among themselves and formed an association. But scarcely had the intelligence of this association reached the ears of the Emperor of Russusand the Grand Duke Constantine, than orders were given for the apprehension of all these young men, and the prisons were filled with them, even with youths of no inure than 12 to 15 years of age. Fortunes were applied to elicit from them confessions of a dangerous crime. They were confined without water to slake thei? thirst, and when in a state of delirium a glass of water was brought to them in order to in duce them to make a confe ss ion o f th e i r cr i me . S ome of them were executed in prison. Again, the emperor was so intent upon changing the face of the old habits of the Poles, that he withdrew the Polish language from the schools and public offices. - Liberty, justice, and virtue are words not to be found in she Russian language. There is no crime which could obtain au acquittal for money, unless you happen to be a just man— and sympathise with the oppressed—in that case, justice in Russia pronounces you to be a dangerous man to the g ,od of the state, and you are sure to end your days in Siberia. Again, if you wish for promotion, you are obliged to offer a certain sum to those in whose hands - the power rests, but it another offers a larger sum than you, the appointment is made in favour of him. Thus, the greatest corruption prevails in Russia. The salary attached to any office, is very inconsiderable, therefore, the holders raise their ' incomes entirely by extortion. The salary Of a chief governor amounts only to £l6a year, but his real in come is upwards of £3OOO, which he raises'in some such means as the'frillo4ying. He gives out that smuggling has been carried on to such an extent that he is obliged to order all the shops to be shut up to search for the suspected goods, and as such an event is a great injury to a shoekeeper, he offers a large suns to induce the governor to recall his order. if a deserter has escaped, the govenor can cause the farmers to keep their ser vants from the farm for some time, under the pretext of search ing the premises, and in order to. prevent the injury which might he done to his crops in the mean time through want of the proper attention, the fanner is obliged to pay large sums for the exemption from the order. In this way the people are obliged to pay daily. A medical man is appointed to a certain dist} ict on payment of a certain sum, and he again obliges all tth, other medical practitioders on that district to pay him for permission to practise. The farmer, too, is obliged to pay him a heavy amount or be would declare their cattle diseased, and thus keep thin out. of the market. The peasants of Russia hold in abhorrence the military service. They are obliged to serve for 25 years, and after that time they have very little chance to return to their own homes. Tne pay of the military is miserable—a colonel receives £6O a yeas, a captain £35, and a private about £l, and besides that, two pounds of course black bread, and half a pound of beef per day. The officers, in order re keep up their rank, are obliged to rob their regiment, so that the private soldier, in place of a pound, scarcely re ceives 2s. 6.1. a year in his hand. The clergy endeavour to in culcate a bet E•f that every one who dies in the service of the emperor is sure of a place in heaven. After all these contumelies cite it he wondered at that the Poles should rise on the 29th November, 1830? Were they not compelled to 'do so? Freedom ! It is more pleasant to bleed at thy shrine than to sleep hut a moment in chains. The Poles flew to arms, not for any love of a military life, but in defence efeheir own right—l hey. flew to arnis ; and all Europe, astonished at the event, turned their regard towards Poland, persuaded that at the first approach of the Russian army she would he at once'overwhelnied. The Russian forces brought against them in February following amounted to '200,000 men. The Rtissian General summoned the Poles to submit, but his summons excited universal indignation, and a refusal to com ply with it was .returned to the ltaissian camp. The first engage ment took place on the 26th February, 18.31, within sight of Warsaw. The Russians had snore than 150,000 'men in the field, and 300 cannon,—the P01e5•36,000 men, and 85 cannon. This mass of artillery vomited lire, iron, and smoke durine the day. At last the Russians retired, leaving. about 9.000 ' dead upon the field of battle, and all Europe, struck with admiration, began to feel a lively interest in the success of the Poles. Many battles were fought with varied success on both sides, of which the battle of Australenska was one 'of the most sanguinary. The field of battle remained in the possession of the Poles. The inhabitants of parts which formerly belonged to Poland flocked in to join the patriot army. In Lithuania, a province three times as large as the whole of Poland, a lady, Miss Plata, was the first to effect a rising. She marcheti at the head of a considerable detachment, raised and supplied at her own ex pence, and joined the patriots. The" Russians watched every rise of the ruse rectos, and the unfortunate country w a s th e scene of the most 'horrible events. The cattle were plundered, the houses and effects of the rich destroyed, and the whole coun try laid waste. The melancholy catastrophe of the fall of 'War saw became a cause of mourning all over the world, and Poland became the idol of every patriot. The ladies were to be seen on the field of battle, like guaidian angels, affording assistance and consolation to those who had the misfortune to fall under the blots of the enemy. They were to be seen in every hospi yv cicste r ac t :: l l.tii l lite , linffiiiemi t ne:e s tet t iiid ) hollti t , s te::e t :t i .d,axlaev n i.te,tu g ulitliilhttpp:r t eceie t ole a iistuotrli i , :z unp,e(E i lishrerve i le,,pie. n vealef t ea.sise o rnr.fa.eptycleb t wen h ilit.eet e trilalsar,ualett e ininseog ' obd o dalbti( s )n i alid n rtieettghu d i a;g: l s o gtn i tuh ; ,l i ceb : e t si n h i E te. ( e iir ' fsti ff i ens r . ttl e oee c r tn e o h ;: . e s s fl t in ; r t : r .hn y ' a l at . ' r de e s This e s ieft I te d y are th t e ho a se tro c c a i l t e i u es . on. Behold may poor country subjected for seven years to the atrocities of the Emperor Nicholas. Behold Poland clothed in mourning, lamenting in tears at one time, for her sons slain in battle, at another time for her exiles, and again for her children, torn from her bosom and sent to the mines of Siberia. It was not enough for him that the dungeons were filled with those who fell into his power; it is not enough that thousands left their country—for there are 10,000 Poles now in exile, of whom upwards of 5000 are in Prance. It was not enough that such a large number were obliged to leave their country. It was not enough that 5000 families were sent to Mount Caucasus. All this was not enough ; but he has caused the children to be carried away from their mothers, under the plausible pretext of taking care o f them and instructing them in Russia, as if the Polish mothers were unable to attend to such an interesting task. The Em peror of Russia caused the children to be carried away to Russ . sia for the object of bringing them up in the Russian schools, to make them forget their native country, thei r l anguage , a nd to make th em trio! Russian subjects. He causes from time. to time a number to be transported, and not very long ago 300 children were taken away from the confines of Warsaw. Some of these unfortunate children are frequently unable to undergo the hardships of a long journey anti die on the road, but as the officer in charge having given a receipt for a certain number of children, is obliged to deliver the same number at the end of his journey, in case of a death he sends persons into the country to seize other children to make up the number which have died. Alt this cruelty is directed against the children of those who have escaped his reach by voluntary exile. One of his officers entered the house of a lady fur the purpose of separating her from her two children. Per prayers and outcries were adopted but they availed her nothing. At last she became calm, and holee'ed to give the children some token of remembrance before she parted with them for ever. - She went into a closet, and t s . , e h t i ti c r h u:r n l sied i , na , very short tune. She pressed the child ren t o h er breast, but, it was too quickly seen, f r om th e pi erc i ng screams that she had plunged daggers int o th e h ear t s o f her children. Ilavintr then turned them into her own, she bade the officer tell the emperor that it was thus that Polish ladies ,submitted to a separation from their children.— • They died, and death closed their calamities. Ent it was not enough that he thus outraged the tenderest feelings of huma nity. There was a general review of the troops last Septem her, 1837. The emperor issued an order to buy a few thdusa nds of ywing women from the province of Poland, who were des tined to become the ornaments of his camp. In the confusion of my g rief, I wished to find him a name, and traced the his tory of every nation to find a tyrant like him. At fi rst( I stop ped at Ne ro . b u t no ! t h e fi rst tn!inielits of Nero witte some symptoms of humanity, but Nicholas cannot lutist of that, he commenced his reign upon the blood of his subjects. In vain he flatters himself that time will hide in oblivion his crimeScom mitted upon Poland—in vain, ho thinks that Poland is dead and forgotten. No! Poland lives in the heart- of every civilized man, and I expect that the day is not far distant when !Wand will again regain her rights and her ancient independence. Europe is divided into two great divisions; on the one hand we have the march of intelligence, and on the other mere physical force. I hope the march of intelligence will prevail generally. Toe great question "to be, or not to he," is at issue; and in the mean time I will conclude in the words of one of your poets, • Cease every joy to glimmer on my mind, But leave, oh leave, the light of hope behind. Mr. N. F. Zaba then returned thanks for the favourable re ception he had met with, and retired amidst the Warmest api plause. POLICE IN7'ELLIGENCE. --- A PAIR.—A man named John Byrne was on Friday placed at the bar, and an antiquated dame called Ryan mounted the witness box, on some dispute respecting a bundle of clothes which belong to a lady at this present juncture confined to her country-house, (viz., Kirkdale Gaol ;) but, though one appeared as criminal and the other as criminator, both seemed to have been imphcatee in the intention of profiting by the absence of the owner of the articles. Magistrate (to witness)—" Is the prisoner your husband t" Witness—" Is it me your honour manes ? Would I marry a baste like him? Not in the laste." Magistrate—" Then the prisoner is not your husband ?" Wit ness—" He's a bould villain, your worship, and deserves hang ing, if a rope dhurty enough could be found. He's killing me out and out by inches. Wait till I tell your honour's worship what--" Magistrate—" I ask you if that man is your hus band ? Cannot you understand ; women ?" Witnes - s—" The dirty baste! (weeping) he struck me and kicked me, sir, till I was black and blue. If you were to see me myself, your ho nour, the sight would freighter' you." Magistrate—" That is pretty treatment from a husband, most certainty." Witness— " Him! he's not my husband, your houhur." - .Magistrate— " Does he live with you at all ?" Witness—" Well, sir, be lives with me - in one sense and not in another. lie once used to trate me to any thing I'd ax ; but now trates me to nothing but blows, and had trateinent it is, as your honour would say if you seed me. Just after he comes from the wars—bad luck to him! wouldn't it have•been a blessed day for me if they'd just took the head off him ? Och, it was then he was all botheration and sweetmeat, just killing me with kindness, the same as he's now killing me wid knocks. Sure, I'm not a soger, your worship. Let him go and hate his equals, and not lick the likes of rue." Ma gistrate (to prisoner)—" What are you?" Prisoner—" Well, sir, I'm a sorer; at taste, your honour, I was a soger, till I got the discharge from the company." Magistrate—" You have been in the East India Company's service, then ?" Prisoner— " I was, your worship; in the artillery, at a place called Ma derass. Then I come home again, and lived at a place called London a short while, till I comae down here." Magistrate— " How long have you known this woman ?" Prisoner—l'm here three years; but I know'd her when I was born, es you may say. Biddy and me isn't strangers, in the taste. Magis trate—" Where do you come front ?' Prisoner—" I belong to a place called Tipperary." —Th e o ffi cers were ordered to take charge of the bundle of wearing apparel, and convey it to its proper owner, and the prisoner was dismissed with en admoni tion to conduct himself better towards his che.e antie. CHARGE OF FELONY.—A short time since a large trunk, full of wearing apparel, belonging to a gentiernau on his way to Dublin, was stolen from the Liverpool railway station : but until nine o'clock on Thursday night no clue to the thieves had been received. At that time, however, Inspectrir Cottam re ceived information that a trunk was lying in an entry in North street, whither he immediately proceeded. and having found it, perceived, on examination, that it had been broken open and emptied of its contents. Under the lid there were nailed two cards, containing an inventory of the articles which the trunk had contained. A search took place, 'Vhich resulted in the cap ture of three men, who were brought before Mr. Hall on Friday morning. Mr. Commissioner Dowling stated the fact of the robbery, and stated that two of the prisoners had on, at the time of their apprehension, articles of the stolen property, while in the privy belonging to the house of the third, a quantity of others had been found, thrust'down into the dirt.—The pri soners were remanded for a week, to allow time fur the appear ance of the owner. LOGBOOKS AND SEAMEN'S WAGES.—On Friday, at the Po lice-office, Edward Barrett, a seamen , summone d C ap t a i n Ni chol), of he Robert Syers, for non-payment of his wages. The complainant had shipped on board the Robert Syers on the 7th November, and arrived again in port on the 20 h April, having been out five months and a half, which, at £2 5s a month, amounted to £l2 is 6d. Of that he had received one month's payment in advance, and he had also had some trifling things from the captain during the voyage, the price of which he did not know: he claimed the balance. Captain Nichol' pleaded that the sailor, through his improper conduct, had not only forfeited all claim to the residue of his wages, but that, if owners of the vessel were paid all the expenses to which he had subjected them, he was farther indebted to them to the amount of £B. He entered into a detailed statement, the purport of which was that the claimant had, for insolence, neglect, &c., been imprisoned at the port of St. Thomas for thirteen days, and at that of Porto Cabello for twelve days, and that after his release from confinement he had, altogether, staid down below .for the space of thirty-one days, refusing to du duty. There was also another charge. On the night of her arrival in the Mersey the vessel ran against the pier-head; all hands were Called up, ass it was feared that her anchor had g one through her bow • and it was then f oun d th a t B arrett had deserted the ship. The loss of time, added to the payment of another man in his place at St. Thomas's, together with the fees and charges of police-officers at the times of his confinement, and the for feiture of a mouth's pay for abandoning the vessel, absorbed the whole amount due, and left him debtor to the owners in the sum stated. The log-book was produced to subeantiate these charges; but it appearing , front th e ma t e ' s ucknowledgment, that the entry of Barrett'sClesertion h a d only been Mede!that - morning—that is, on the day after the receipt of the summons— the magistrate said that it was wholly inadmissible, being op posed to the act of parliament. The deduction of - one month's pay could not, therefore, be allowed. The log was then ex amined to ascertain whether the alleged absence from duty of the sailor had been daily entered, in accordance with the strict provisions of the act to that effect, and it appearing that such was not the fact, but that for many days on which he was des clamed to have been absent there was no entry whatever, Mr. Hall refused to admit the partial entries as proof of the whole charge. He said that he should be always happy, its it was his duty, to assist captains in th e pun i shment of re fr actory men; but the act of parliament Was clear and strict in its provisions— it was intended to be binding,. on master as well as man, and when he saw its provisions neglected in such a way as was mani fested in the keeping of that log, lie could Oct and would not admit such loose and illegally -made entries as evidence. With respect to the expenses incurred for punishing the seaman at St. Thomas's and Porto Cabello, he could not allow them; there was no authority for it ; they could not first ptinish a man and then force him to pay the incidental charges. Ultimately time magistrate decided that the seaman of eourse could have no claim to his wages during the period of his imprisonment. which had been proved: that,' with other allowed deductions, reduced the amount to £6 6s lid, which he ordered to be paid to the claimant. The captain was much discontented with this deci sion, and thought that . the ship h and been ill used. No master or mate, he said, kept a better leg-hoOk than his; and to keep it in the way that the magistrate wished was impossible; indeed, to do so, it would require them to be lawyers o. s,iiLUMNY. 7 —A young man named Mansell, a coachmaker, appeared. at the police-office, on F r id ay, to charge' a fellow workman named Bradburn, with having assaulted him on Tues day last, without, as far as he knew, any reason or cause what ever. One of the witnesses to' the tact of the assault was a black eye, which was produced by the complainant in open court, and which sp o k e f or itself. The defendant being asked what he had to say in his defence, answered in abi vie whist', both for choiceness of phraseology add studied eloquence of pro nunciation, showed him to be at least a collateral deseeodatit of the Malaprop family :—" I will inform you, sir, of the whole af fair. On Tuesday it was intimated to me that he (complainant) had been calumniating, me in a most censorous manner, and, as our characters is.dear to us all as our felt - it nesessiated on me to feel offended, as any man would feel, at the abrogatory way which he had deprecated my character. I accordingly went and asked him upon what stable grounds, or what rouudgs of fair play, he had attacked my repitition and made game of my peculiar characteristics. I told him boldly and openly, sir, vet politely, that, he had played me false by backbiting me be hind my face—that his conduct was unhonourablessud uurdaniy, and that whenever, upon any occasion, 1 perceive any thing in the conduct of a man which seemed deserving of cast itation, inflicted it upon. him before his own face, and not behind his hack, when he was abscent. Now, says I, what have you to say to me, Mansell ? He answered me, sir, and said that he had not calumniated me; but tie added, in a most insinivating vein, I know something about you.' Well, by reason of this, and being cut to the quick by this eaustical humour, I re s ponded that I had seen the day when I would have pulled his nose Sir him, or the nose of any man who dare to make so free with my person as to calumniate me when I was away, behind my back. Well, sir, he then but himself* in an attitude Of defence, which of course offended me more, and by reason of that I said,' Now, I wit/ pull your nose.' And surely, sir, I have a perfect and in aleinable right to twitch a man's nose who has•blown time. as lie calls it, and treated me in an unsavoury manner. He ban back bited me before I scratched his face, which,' by - the he, took place in the struggle to pull his nose." The complainant said, that ha has assured his fellow-workmen that he had nut uttered any thing to his disparagement; but instead of resting satisfied with that assurance, the defendant struck him repeatedly.— Bradbury was fined '2os and costs. FOLLY OF EXTORTING CONFESSIONS.—Yesterdhy, at the Police office, a young man named John Henderson, was placed . before the magistrates, charged with having pawned a quantity of clothing, the property of his landlady. Mrs. Williams: Mrs. Williams, a stout old Welsh woman stated, that the prisoner lodged with her; on Tuesday last she was at her drawers putting the clothes by, and saw the missing articles there; on Saturday she missed them all, and soon after found a pawn ticket in the pocket of the prisoner, which induced her to suspect him of the theft. That morning she saw him, and asked him how he came to take those things ? but he would not own to it at all. She at length got him persuaded to acknowledge he took the thinge, and to give her the tickets. Mr. Hall—" Well, what did vou say?" Mrs. Williams—" Persuaded him, you know." M r . Hall—" But wh a t did you say ?" Mrs. Williams—" Well, I told him there would be nu more about it." Mr. Hall— " Exactly."—Mrs. Williams—" You know it would be a sad thing for me to lose these things ?" Mr. Hall—" I can do no thing with him now after the pledge you gave him; I must dis charge him. You see all the evidence I have. against him is this, that he has given you these tick e t s on a prom i se t h at h e shall hear no more of it. He must be discharged. I must take the case as if there was no evidence at all against him. Passengers by the Lima Packet, Capt. Singleton, from Tri flitted :—Captain Thorp, 89th Regt., and, Lads . ; Mr. J. T. Bowld. This vessel sailed on the 21st of March, and was off Cape Clear on the Ist of May. A 8010 INTRLIDER.—A few nights ago the house-door of Mrs. Copeland's residem e, King-street Soho, was opened, about eleven o:clock, with a master key, by a man of genteel appearance, whom Mrs. C perceived, and mistaking him for a gentleman residing in the house, offered him a candle. On receiving this mark of attention, the intruder, (whose premedi tated acts were such as, no doubt, caused him to love darkness better than light,) suddenly turned round and ran away. NEW CATHOLIC CHAPEL —On Thursday, the 3d instant, the corner-stone of a new catholic chapel, now in progress of eree. tion at Rainhill, was laid be Mrs. Gerard, the laity of William Gerald, Esq. After the ceremony, a splendid dinner was pro vided for the numerous visitors by Bartholomew Bretherion, 'Est]., at whose sole expense the chapel is to be erected. The style of the chapel (of which Mi. J. Dawson. of Preston, is the a rchitect) is that of a Grecian temple, of the lonic order. SEC() N ) 14 1 , I ) Stando-d Vice, Three o'Cloek LIVERPOOL Al Alig FPS. CORN EXCHANGE, TuEoiy, MAY 8. With moderate import,i of all articles in our trade since last Tuesday, the weather has been remarkably fine for the season, and holders haYe been mote disposed to effeCt sales, but the business done has been to a small extent. At this day's market, Wheat was offered at a decline of 2d. per 701b5., and Oats at Md. per 451b5., but few sales were made at the reduction. The Flour trade was also dull, and for some finalities a decline was submitted to. Oatmeal was 3d. per 2101bs. cheaper. The week's imports of Butter are 1979 firkins, and fine old and new support lasi week's prices; Waterford new, 105 s. to' 108 q. per cwt. AN ERAGE PRiCES. WHEAT, If° 70 lbs. s•d a d BEANS, imp. mea, s d s d Irish (Ned red.. 8 8 e 9 1 Irish . .. 45 0 e if, 0' Do. dried white, 8 6.. 9 0 FLOUR, 4 - f• 280 lbs Do.undried new 7 6.. 8 3 Eng.& Irislisup 49 0.. 54 0 English .. 9 0.. 9 9 Do. fines 46 0.. 48 0 Canada...... .. 00.. 0 0 Do. seconds OATS, te' 45 Ms._ Do. thirds lB 0.. 22 o Irish BARLEY, 4I 60 ths. Do. oM ..... ... 0.. 0 Irish grinding.. ..3 10 4 1 BRAN. V241b5... 1 2.. 1. 0 AVERAGE PRICE OF BUTTER. Rc SD SD At D Bacon, 4 cm L.... 46 0 ra , 48 0 Banbridge .. 80 0/a 86 0 Hams, dry 56 0 .. 60 0 W ater f ord, Do. wet Firkin Lard, 5l 0.. 54 0 Carlow ... ... 90 . 0 .. 92 0 Bladdered do.-- 60 0.. 66 0 Limerick ...... .... 0.. 0 Grease Butter .... 40 0 ~ 42 U Belfast ..... ... .... 90 0.. 92 0 Prime Mess Beef, Derry 11 , tiereo, 98 . 0 ..110 Cork, gds, — o— 0 Prune Mess Pork, • Newry. cti , barrel. 78 0 ... 80 0 Dundalk — 0.. g Sligo 0 .. U From the 2 DESCRTITION. Wheat Qrs Barley Qrs Oats Qrs Flour. Ditto Barrels Malt .. Qrs Oatmeal Loads Bran . Qrs Beans Qrs Peas Qrs Rye Qrs Slielled Barley... . Cwt Radeseed Barrels Indian Corn Qrs .RIVAL Lth to ttle 2194 315 2531 5908 OF CO 30th Api COAST_ WISE. •il, inclusive. JESTER RACES. EAST IN DIES. TOTAL. 12152 8.535 3244 ":214 4584 6494 7383 Most)Ay, MAY 7. These races commenced yesterday; thousands of persons were congregated on the walls and on the course, and we never saw a greater display of beauty and fashion. The event of the•race for the Tradesmen's Cup has proved very unespected, and it is said that the knowing ones have been " let in." The Trial Stakes, of 15 sovs each, with 50 says added by the Stand Commit►ee. Once round. • •- • Mr E. Peel's gr c Saul. 3 yrs •• 'G. Whitehouse 1 Mr Worthington's hc by Battledore, 3 yrs Clarke 2 Lord Derby's b f Miss Bowe, 4 yrs - Lye 3 Sir T. Stanley's b c Pammon, 4 yrs sto 4 agst Miss Bowe, sto 2 agst Saul. The latter took the lead to the Ship Yard, at a very good pace, Was then headed by Miss Bowe to the distance, where Saul shot out and won easy by two lengths. • A Produce Sweepstakes, of 50 soya each, h ft. Two miles. 7 subscribers. Mr F. R. Price's b or br c Captain Pups, by Priam M. Jones 1 Sir IL W. Bulkelev's b f Piccotee, by Teniers Darling 2 Lord Westminster's b f by Pantaloon—Banter Holmes 3 Even and 5 to 4 on Piccotee; 2 to 1 against Captain Pops ; 3to 1 agst filly by Pantaloon. Piccottee Went off first at a mo derate pace, but which she increased at the first half mile; three quarters of a mile from. home Captain Pops passed the Banter ally, at the distance shot a head of Piccotee, and won cleverly by a length. The Tradesmen's Plate, of 200 sovs in specie, added to a Han dicap Sweepstakes of 20 soya each, 10 sovs ft, and 5 sovs ft only if declared on or before the Ist February. To start at the Castle-pole, run twice round, and end at the coming-in.. • chair. The second horse to receive 25 sovs. Mr 'l'. Walter's In h King Cole 5 yrs, 7 s t 81b Marlow 1 Lord Ey,linton's The Potentate, 6 yrs, 7st 1316.... Lye 2 Mr Mostyn's bin Birdlime, aged, 9.t .......... Darling 3 Mr Barrow's 6 m Catherine, aged, Bst 10th W. Lear General Yates's ch h Sylvan, 6 yrs, gat Bib..•. Templeinan It Mr Fowler's ter in Mersey, 5 yrs, Est lb Mr F. R. Price's hr h Wentworth. 5 yrs, Bst 316 .. Holmes 0 Mr Robinsou's Whaley, 5 vrs, Bst 316 S. Rogers 0 Captain Lamb's ch c Chit Chat, 4 yrs Lord Miltown's eh h Fusileer, 5 yrs,,7st bib Powell Mr J. Allen's bin Vesper, 5 yrs, ist sib J. Gray 0 Lord Derby's ro c Parolles, 4 yrs, ist W. Boyce 0 Mr B. Collett's br-c Conservative, 4 yrs, fist 121 b Wakefield 0 Mr J. 0. Fairlie's hr g Zotirtib, aged, Bst !lb Cartwright Seven declared and paid 5 sovs each, and six drew and paid 10 soya each. 41 to 1 agst Potentate, 41 to 1 agst Birdlime, 6 to 1 agst Wentworth, 8 to 1 agst Parolleg, 10 to 1 agst Zohrab, 12 to 1 agst. Mersey, the winner not mentioned Parolles Made the running, and maintained it to the last half mile, where King Cole went up, headed hi nt , ca me out, and Won cleverly by a length. -At starting Birdlime had the call, and because f = irst favourite. She was beaten by two lengths. Ran in 4 minutes 36 seconds. A Sweepstakes, of 5 soya each, with 50 sovs added tiv the Stand Committee, for horses that never won before the day of entry for the plates. Heats, two miles Lord Warwick's. 6 cby Brinandorl, 3 yrs.... Dodgso n 1 1 Mr Purseil'a hr c Late Bird, 3 yr 5....,. G. Whitehorse 0 2 Sir T. Stanley's ch eby Bay Malt on ,3 yrs.. Caitirriht '2 0 Mr W P ilson atten's by c Percy, 3 yrs.... Beim- tzrPider 0 0 Mr Tempest's ch c Pedlar, by Belzoni. 3 yrs.. W. Jones 0 0 Mr T. Topham's ch f Bat hany, 4 yts Darling 0 Mr. Wise's eh c Contentment, 3y r Captain Lamb's ch c Metal, 4 yrs Calloway 3 d Mr Arrowsrnith'a eb f Margravine, 3 r Lord Eglintun's ch c Achilles, 3 yrs Lye 0 d Mr F. R. Price's b f Whi r l win d, '3 yrs Neale 0 d BASE HALF SoVEREIGNs.—The public would do well to be on their guard in giving change for half sovereigns, as a set of persons are going about to shops and public-houses for the pur pose of potting off svurions coin, pm portinv, to be a half sovereign of the date of 1817, little more ;Ilan half the weight of a good one. They are well executed, and ate o f a pale yellow colour, and when tubbed hard sh.,w white. ATTEMPThII HIGHWAY IZOBBRIt Y.—As a servant maid of Mr.Chapina4i, residing in Shaw-streci, was proceeding home wards on Thur b dav evening, about haif-past eight, she was stopped near St. Augustine's Chnlc4 by two men, wh o beganto rifle her pockets. She screamed out, and a person happen ing to come up at the instant, the ruffians ran away with all speed. The young woman had got a£s note changed shortly before, and had the change in her hand at the time the thieves were searching her pockets. 1311 I.DINO SOCIETY Rut..ks.—The great increase of building societies in this and the neighhoming towns is a fact which must be well known to our readers; and government, we un derstand, with a consideration fur their intetests, which entitles it to great praise, has had drawn up a body of very excellent rules for the guidance of those which may yet he formed, as well as forms of mortgage, bulb of which are int en d e d f or gra. tnitous distribution. The rules have been drawn up by Tidd Pratt, Esq., and the forms of mortgage by Revell Pbitips, Esq. ACCIDRNT.-O❑ Thursday morning Andrew M'Alain, mate Of the Ishoro', o hen in a state of intoxication, fell into the Salthouse ll , tek. A young seaman ❑amed Andrew Kevin, at the risk of his own life, immediately jumped into the water, and with the assistance of a policeman and others, succeeded i❑ getting the mate on shore. He was taken to a receiving -house in a dangerous state, and a 6urgeou called to attend him, SWINDLING.—On Thursday evening a woman entered the shop of Mr. Riley, grocer, St. James's-street, and ordered 12lbs. of tea and 261bs. of coffee. A boy, at her request, was sent along with her to receive payment for the goods. They proceeded together, and arrived at a house in Dickinson-street, at the front door of which the woman knocked, and, having been admitted, told the boy to wait outside. The boy most probably, had ho waited there until the reappearance of the lady, might by that time hare had a " pretty considerable" long beard on his face; b u t be either lacked . patience or grew suspicious, and ahandaned his post. Inquiries were instituted at the house i❑ question, when the occupier stated that the woman, who had been in the habit of calling there, and offering tea for sale,, but of whom she knew nothing further, had entered het : house, (with the basket containing the tea and coffee,) and that she had immediately after left it through the yard door, which opens into Frederick-street. From thiS statement it may be inferred that the lady has bcea in business as a tea and coffee dealer,for some time. On Monday last, the fall of snow was so heavy in the Peak of Derbyshire, especially at Alatlock, Darley, &c., as to im pede the progress of travellers for some time. In the course of three years 1,500 miles of railway will have been executed in England alone; and calculating the average Cost, exclusive of engines, at £20,000 per mile, thirty millions will have been expended upon their. Tux Crtops.—A friend, in jom neying through several coun ties, writes to us this week, (says a contemporary) and states, the young wheats are now every where visible, just appearing above their parent earth. - They are backward, of course, but we are happy to see that in a vast majority of cases, they are of a right healthy colour and appearance, and already promise very well.—Leedx SHEFFIELD CORPORATION PETITIONS:—Capt. Jebb, has con cluded his enquiries as to the number of rate-payers, and the amount of their rates, attached to the p e titi ons f ar an d aga i nst a charter. The result is as follows :—Fot a charter; number of rate-payers, 1970; amount of assessment, £46.013. Against the-charter t rate-payers, 4539; amount of assessment £76,74110. A HERO: A MAN WITH FIVE WlVESl—Captain John Alex. ander Wilmot, late of the 17th Lancets, and of the Queen of Spain's service, has been finally examined before the Rochester magistrates, at the Guildhall, on several charges of bigamy. The captain was dressed in the first style of fashion, having lavender kid gloves, over which he wore a splendidly-jewelled ring; he treated the charge with great levity, and occasionally applied a handsome smelling-bottle to his nose. Sarah Short, Anne Knight, and Rachael Lamb, three of the prisoners wives, when then severally called on to appear, but neither of the. infatuated ladies would give evidence against him. Powell, the clerk of St. George's. Hanover-square, produced the register of the prisoner's marriage in Is3'l, with Mrs. Anne Hodgson, a widow. The clerk of St. Margaret's. Rochester, produced the register of his second marriage at that church, t o. M iss iIi ZA Crisp, also in 1537. These marriages being proved parties who had been present at the ceremonies, and the prisoner fully identified, he was called upon to state anything he might be ad vised. but refused to address the .bench. The mauistrates then fully committed hint to Maidstone gaol for trial. The prisoner's solicitor demanded, that the magistrates should receive bail, which was assented to, and forty.eight hours'notice of bail to to the amount of £4OO was orderpd to be given. As the pri soner'was removed from the had, the crowd outside hooted and groaned at him, which they continued to do until be left the city.—Maidstone Gazette. • AY 8 18 is THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.