The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-02-05 00:00:00

T iottialittittt TUE bl'ENiivd. 4 rourbinqs iii Ti —v THURSDAY, JAt , r . - ParHamel* Wats o - Pened to day with the usl4l to rmalities, and the Loan CHANCELLOR read the folloWinespeech:— MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN, We are commanded by her Majesty to assure you, that her Majesty has great satisfaction in again having recourse to the advice and assistance of her Parliament. The decease of her Majesty Queen Adelaide has caused her Majesty deep affliction. The extensive charity and exemplary virtues of her late Majesty will always render her memory dear to the nation. Her Majesty happily continues in •peaee and unity with Fo reign Powers. lii the course of the autumn differences of a severe charaeter arose between the Governments of Austria and Russia on the one hand, and the Sublime Porte on the other hand, in regard to the treatment of a considerable number of persons, who, after the termination NA the civil war in Hungary, had taken refuge in the Turkish territory. Explanations which took place between the Turkish and Imperial Governments have fortu nately removed any danger to the peace of Europe which might have arisen out oT these differences. Her Majesty having been appealed to on the occasion by the Sultan, united her efforpi to those of the Government of France, to which a similar appeal bad been made, in order to assist, by the employment of her offices, in effecting an amicable settlement of these differences, in a manner consistent with the dignity and independence of the Porte. Her Majesty has been engaged in communications with Fo reign States upon the measures which might be rendered ne cessary by the removal of the restrictions formerly imposed by the rgavigation laws of this country. The Governments of the United States of America and of Sweden have promptly taken steps to secure to British ships, in the ports of their respective countries, advantages similar to those which their own ships now enjoy in British ports. With regard to those Foreign Stateswhose navigation laws have hitherto been of a restrict ive character, her Majesty has received from nearly all of them assurances wl.ich induce her to hope that our example will speedily lead to a great and general diminution of those obsta cles which previously existed to a free intercourse by sea be tween the nations of the world. In the summer and autumn of the past year the United Kingdom was visited by the ravages of the cholera, but Al mighty God, in his mercy, was pleased to arrest the progress of mortality and stay this fearful pestilence. Her Majesty is persuaded that we shall better evince our gratitude by vigilant precautions against the more obvious causes of sickness, and an enlightened consideration for those who are most exposed to its attacks. • Her Majesty, in her late visit to Ireland, derived the highest gratification from the loyalty and attachment manifested by all classes. Although the effects of former years of scarcity are painfully felt in that part of the United Kingdom, they are mitigated by the present abundance of food and thetranquir lity that prevails. tier Altijeety has great satisfaction in congratulating you on the improved condition of commerce and manufactures. It is with regret that her Majesty has observed the complaints which, in many parts of the kingdom, have proceeded from the owners and occupiers of land. Her Majesty greatly laments that any portion of her subjects should be suffering from dis tress - but is a source of sincere gratification to her Majesty to witness the increased enjoyment of the necessaries and comforts of life which cheapness and plenty have bestowed upon the great body of her people and country. ' Her Majesty has directed the estimates of the year to be laid before you. They have been framed with a strict regard to economy, while the efficiency of the various branches of the public service have not been neglected. Her Majesty has seen with satisfaction the present state of the revenue. • MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN.— Some of the measures which were postponed at the end of the last session, for want of time for their consideration, will be again laid before you. Among the most important of them is one for the better government of the Australian colonies. ' Her Majesty has directed various measures to be prepared for the improvement of the condition of Ireland. The mischief arising from party processions, the defects of the laws regula ting the relations of landlord and tenant, the imperfect state of the grand jury acts, and the diminished number of electors . ~ ~ for members to serve in parliament, will, together with others of serious consequence, form the subject of measures to be submitted for your consideration. Her Majesty has learned with satisfaction that the measures which have been already passed for the promotion of the public health are in course of gradual adoption, and her Majesty trusts that, both in the metropolis and in various parts of the United Kingdom, you will be enabled to make farther progress in the removal of evils which affect the health and wealth of her subject kingdom from the many convulsions which, during the last two years, have taken place in so many of the states of the continent of Europe. It is her Majesty's hope and belief that, by combining liberty with order,—by preserving what is valuable, and amending what is defective, you will sustain the fabric of our institu tions, as the abode and shelter of a free end ham' People. HOUSE OF LORDS.-THURSDAY The address, in reply to her Majesty's speech, was moved by The Earl of ESSEX, who shortly glanced at the various topics included in the royal speech, of which the address itself was, Lord METHUEN, in seconding the address, took occasion to condemn the agitation which had been excited in the agricul tural districts, for the purpose of obtaining a return to protec- owc effect as that moved in the House of Commons by Sir John Trollope, and which will be found in our summary of the pro ceedings of that house. His lordship was quite inaudible in the gallery. The Earl of DESART, in seconding the amendment, observed that the condition of Ireland called for something more than the mere expression of regret contained in the royal speech. Land in that country had been depreciated in value, in some illgtannao • -- _ __. • .. and tenant. charging th, Nome menu profitable, NI like a war 01 rmers were placed under the necessity of dis- I • men. This state of things must co n ti nue un l ess s should be taken to make investments in land ich they now were not. He deprecated anything :lasses, but if any such thing should those associations which had t ise, it was itement of one interest against another The Earl o tween the to Both of then rests ; but 1 CARLISLE said be could see little difference be nts of the address and that of the amendment. admitted the depression of the a e vicultnral inte would advise their lordships to consider the practical effects of carrying it into execution. If the amend- importance. He justified the calling of public meetings to as ment should be agreed to, the inference would be that parlia- certain the opinions of the classes interested in the cultivation anent doubted the propriety of recent legislative measures, As of the land, and the result proved that this was a tenant far the government did not desire that any such understanding mers' and labourers' question. The cause of agricultural dis• e•' i t-1 _. - -1 t'—'-- - ,nook Sake place, he asked .aeir lordships to give a decided tress was obvious—it was the necessary consequence of the negative to the amendment. He had the deepest interest in changes introduced since 1846; and the distress reacted npon the prosperity of the land, but he believed that the average small traders, whilst wages fall with the depreciation of prices, price of wheat would not fall below 408.—a price at which he neutralising the advantage of cheap bread. He disputed the thought the land might be profitably cultivated. As a proof of position, that the best test of the condition of the labouring what be contended for, he referred to the fact that there were classes was the amount given by way of pauper relief; there acTIGI pimp ,s iu LUC WtHAIJULIbU un tue Ist or January, isau, was a aistinction oetween pauperism and poverty; the dimi than there were on the ist of January, 1849. nution of the former might co-exist with tauch distress amongst The Duke of Ricirmoivn said that such returns were worse the better classes of the poor. He urged the various argu than idle, and only calculated to mislead, The cheapness of ments in favour of the principle of protection, which was re provisions had been held out as if it were a boon to the labour- cognised in respect to other interests whose claims were less Jug classes ; but they had said nothing of the decreased wages reasonable than those of the farmer; and he insisted that one of the labonrer. He was well aware th a t a grea t many men o f t wo courses must b e taken — e i ther protect i on must, i n some were maintained by working three days a week, with the assis- degree, be restored, or the burdens of the agricultural interest tance of ont-door relief - , f itself accounted ' -4uced. which of _ ror must be rea the fact that there was a diminished number of people in the Mr. MuNTz said, as to retracit , their steps, he defied the yrnrlthrtno.o at. xnuuses. ine nonce auKe then commented rather severely government to do so, though the result of free - trade had not upon the speech of the Earl of Essex, which he could only realized the predictions of its advocates. They asserted that account for by his experience that those who had left the ranks the repeal of the corn laws would not reduce prices; he thought of their friends were usually the most bitter opponents of those it would, and had voted for it on that ground, and he believed same friends. The noble duke, after defending the agricultural there would be a further reduction. The boasted prosperity agitation of the country, said that as 1 ,ng as he lived he would of our trsde, however, was a fallacious and one-sided pros advise the farmers to insist, by every constitutional means in perity. He disputed the inference drawn by the Chancellor of their power, upon protection to native industry. the Exchequer from the details of our expo r t s , w hi c h cou ld not be very in prudent I tie relied on lained his theoi be realised, and which yet might give rise to new agricultural arrangements, which could never be carried out if based upon the supposition that parliament could ever return to the princi ples of protection. The Earl of Winchilsea supported the amendment. Lord BROUGHAM contended that this country was not more He did not advocate a return to protection, which had been of no service to the protected class. Mr. HERRIES animadverted in severe terms upon the para graph in the speech relating to the landed interest, which, together with the person chosen to move the address, had called for the amendment, to which he gave his cordial - out. Upon the subject of shish since the repeal of taxation of America was not correct. He r was not convinced that the course pursued by this country with respect to free trade was erroneous, and he should not, therefore, agree to the amendment. ipsPutLuing, the navigition laws, he stated facts which detracted from the representations given by Mr. Villiers of the prosperity of that interest, and he taxed the Chancellor of the Exchequer with unfairness in dealing with the accounts of our exports, whence he had drawn a false inference of the success of free trade prin ciples. In like manner, the arguments, to the same purpose, deduced from the poor-rates and from the influx of bullion, were fallacious. The cheapening of food was a benefit which might be purchased too dearly. By protection was meant, by those who sought it, justice, and only justice, which they would ultimately gain, not by intimidation or violence, but through the returning wisdom, the maturer judgment, and the hatter prudence of the legislature. Lord STANLEY rejoiced that we could boast of enjoying the blessing of peace, hut he would have been better pleased could ministers havetold them that this country still retained friendly relations with all foreign powers. He could not view the occu pation by the Austrian and French armies, in presence of each other, of the provinces of Italy with complacency, and he thought the sooner such a state of things was terminated the greater would be the security for the peace of Europe. With respect to the paragraph of the speech referring to agricul tural distress, he must say it did not represent the facts of the case. Taking it in conjunction with the selection of Mr. Vil liers to move the address in the other house, and with the remarks made by the noble lord who had moved the address, be was provoked into a discussion of free trade and its results. The agricultural distress was not limited to the owners and occupiers of land, as the royal speech assumed, but extended itself to that more numerous and more helpless class—the agri cultural labourers, the small shopkeepers, artisans, &c. The increase of trade and exports was adduced as a proof of pros perity, but he was convinced that the increase of exports was altogether independent of free trade—in point of fact, a large portion of our exports, as they were called, went to India. As an instance of the position of the landlords the noble lord cited his own case. He pledged his honour to their lordships that he had not received Is. for his Irish property during the last eighteen months, and that about a quarter of his land was thrown upon his hands because he could not find a tenant. He was sorry to interrupt the unanimity to the address, but he could not refuse to give his assent to thevery moderate amend ment which had been moved, and he asked their lordships to assent to the proposition that agricultural distress arose from two causes—free trade legislation and the pressure of local taxation. - Mr. LABoucHEXE, in reply to Mr. Herries, declared that he never made an assertion with greater confidence than that he believed the whole business connected with shipbuilding, instead of being paralyzed, was in a most satisfactory state. With respect to the favour supposed to be shown to manufac tures above agriculture, there could not be a greater mistake; though some vestiges of protection still appeared on the statute book, all our great staple manufactures were absolutely unpro tected, whilst agriculture was not altogether denuded of pro tection. In conclusion, he denied that it was the intention of the government to treat with the slightest disrespect the agri cultural interest, or to dispute the fact that severe distress did exist amongst the owners and occupiers of land; but nothing could be more injurious to them than to hold out an expec tation of a return to a system of protection, and thus diverting their attention from the proper means of improving their con dition. Mr. DISRAELI rose to support the amendment. There was no question now in the House, he observed, that what was called agricultural distress prevailed in England, Scotland, and Ireland; he wanted no better evidence of this fact than the admission of Mr. Villiers that, within a brief period, a principal branch of national industry had been deprived of between .e 90,000,100 and £100,000,000 by changes in our laws. Yet tbis distress was noticed in the Speech as "complaints," the justice of which was studiously not acknowledged. Was it reasonable that Parliament, after what was passed, should refuse to acknowledge the existence of this distress,—should not deem it their duty to express their opinions of its cause and their sympathy with the sufferers? The first proposition in the amendment being admitted, nothing could be more legitimate than that those who were convinced that this cala mity had been occasioned by recent legislation should respect fully express that opinion to the Sovereign. He cared not whether dukes or peers gave their adhesion to this view of the question : the cause was the cause of labour, or it was nothing. Mr. Disraeli then addressed himself to the arguments of Sir C. Wood, reiterating his opinion that the exchange and the value of British industry had diminished; he contrasted the conclu sions of the right hon. baronet with the result of elaborate calculations in the Economist, showing that during the last four years the manufacturers of Manchester had been manu facturing at a loss ; and he endeavoured to demolish his inference drawn from diminished poor rates. Passing then to the special burdens upon land, he asked the Manchester school if, as they averred, land was only a raw material, why it was taxed ?—why they did not extend to land the same economical principles as to other raw materials? The cultivator of the soil, he maintained, had a right to two things,—first, to be put on the same footing as his fellow-subjects; secondly, to be placed'in his own market upon an equality with the foreigner. The object of the amendment was not to abrogate recent laws, but to obtain a recognition by that house of a distress that was notorious, and an expression of its sympathy with the dis tressed. He counselled the Prime Minister of the Crown to do justice to the laud, and he might then rely upon the support of that interest, which would be a surer source of strength than a combination of parties that should place a Jacobin. on one side of him and a Conservative on the other. Lord J. RUSSELL professed that he did not understand the drift of the amendment. Sir J. Trollope, the mover, had avowed that it was to lay a ground for reconsidering recent le gislation; but Mr. Heroes and Mr. Disraeli had given exposi tions of its object entirely different. Lord John repeated the disavowal given by Mr. Labouchere, that any ins u lt or di sre- O pect was intended to the agricultural interest by the paragraph in the Speech, which abstained, as it should do, from express ing an opinion upon a subject of recent legislation. Ile ex plained shortly the views he had entertained for some years past on the subject of the corn laws, resulting in the conviction that they should be rep ea l e d ; and after a short experience of free trade measures, the state of the country, in respect to shipping, trade, revenue, and the increased comforts of the great body of the people, vindicated the soundness of this po licy. Assuming the prices of corn to continue as low as they are now, which he did not expect, the cost of fa rm i ng mater i als and stock would adapt itself to those prices. The real ques tion was, whether the house should take the first step to return to protection; in other words, whether the producers of corn The Marquis of LANSDOWNE supported the Address in a speech of considerable length. _ Their lordships divided, and the numbers were--For the amendment—Contents—Present, 69 ; Proxies. 34-103 : Against it—Non-contents—Present, 86; Proxies, 152; Majority against the amendment, 49. HOUSE OF COMMONS.-THURSDAY The Address in reply to her Majesty's most gracious speech ways moved by Mr. Virni . i . :as, who indulged in a free-trade speech of great length, in the course of winch he very courageously asserted that the present circumstances of the country, as adverted to in the speech, were a sufficient proof that all the predictions of the Free-traders had been fully realised, while those of the Protectionists had as signally failed. As to whether corn could or could not be grown at 40s. per quarter, he treated it as a matter which Parliament had nothing at all to do with, for Parliament was not bound to guarantee a man's profits or success in any business he might enter into. He denied that the land was subject to any unjust taxation ; on the contrary, all his inquiries clearly proved to him that they enjoyed a great many exemptions which applied to no other class of the com munity. The land was, in truth, badly managed ; for, if pro perly cultivated, there would be no necessity to import a single grain of corn from abroad. The land could feed the vi hole of the population, and it was a reproach to those who possessed that property that we were obliged to send 4000 miles for those pro visions which it ought to have been their duty to supply. He defended the foreign policy of the country, insisted that the shipping interests were largely benefited by the repeal of the navigation laws, and that everything indicated i n i m p roved condition in the comforts and earnings of the labourers, whether agricultural or manufacturing, throughout the country Sir J. DUKE in seconding the Address, made his maide n speech, although, as he said, he had been for many years a member of the house. He advocated the necessity of economy in the public expenditure, but he went beyond Mr. Villiers in boldly asserting that Parliament had never met under circum stances upon which they could so warmly congratulate them selves and the country upon the prosperity which prevailed in every one of its chief interests. If any distress existed amongst the agricultural classes, they must not look for a remedy to the re-imposition of protective duties; for neither Parliament nor the people would ever be induced to return to a system of pro tection. He contended that free trade had given increased employment to the people, diminished the amount of pauper- Ism, and lessened the amount of crime. He was glad the Irish franchise was to be extended, but he must say he could have wished to have heard that it was also in contemplation to ex tend the franchise in England. He had opposed the repeal of the navigation laws, but he had now to congratulate the coun try that the result had been very beneficial to the shipbuilders TN* LiviitreeL stilibiiiiii of the empire, without leading to any of the initirlous conse quettes which he had apprehended from It. . Sir J. TROLLOPC said he should move a few worcts as an addition to the speech, by way of amendment, and he hoped for indulgence while doing so, it being the first time ' he had addressed the house. The speech of her Majesty, after advert ing to the flourishing condition of commerce and manufactures, regretted that there had been complaints from the oWners,gnd occupiers of land, but it was hoped that the cheapness of Mod would alleviate the sufferings of the people. He thottlit that the complaints of the lanced interest were scarcely treated with the attention and respect in this .paragraph to which they were entitled. If not intentionally disrespectful, it, at all events, intimated no intention of doing anything. He should, therefore, move the insertion, after the words " commerce and manafactures," of the following words :—`.! And we most huni bly represent to your Majesty, th a t i n many parts of 'the United Kingdom, and especially in Ireland, the classes engaged in the cultivation ,of the soil are exposed to severe distress, which, in our opinion, might justly ho attributed to recent legislation, and to the pressure of local taxation." In movi ng this amendment, he would say the paragraph to which he pro posed to add it was .the only objectionable paragraph in the whole Address, but believing that the case of the agriculturists should be taken into consideration, he would 'ask the house to agree to his amendment. should he securet a price ffor it by parliament, which they could not othbrwise obtaini and this was a question which concerned not the landed interest only, but the whole body of ,the people. If a contest Vas renewed upon this question who could say what subjects might not be mixed with the disctts , sion, and what fatittitions they might not be call4.upon to protect? He asked the house to be content math pr ent state of legislation upon this subject. If any measures of re lief could be suggested for the distress of the landed interest without injustice to other classes; let them be considered; but let no attempt he made to disturb a question now 'detided, the revival of which would create a doubt as to the stability of their decisions. Mr. CohnEN said, an impression prevailed Mit of'doors that the question of free trade had not been settled in that house, which was prepared to reconsider the subject of the corn laws ; NO no honest man could desire to keep this question sus pended; he would be the greatest enemy the tenant farmers could have, as well as an enemy of the errantry at large. The question must some day be decided, and decided against pro tection • and he could not understand upon what rational principle those persons acted who kept up this hopeless and suicidal agitation. He complained of the vagueness of Mr. Disraeli's speech, and called upon him in the name of the farmers of England to give notice at once of the time when he would discuss the qnestion of protection. Mr. HENRY DRUMMOND and Colonel THOMPSON addressed the house shortly amidst strong symptoms of impatience. The house then divided, when the Address was carried by 311 against 192. Colonel CH.ATTERTON seconded the amendment, and said that in theTtart of the country with which he was connected (Cork) the distress extended to all classes, embracing land owners, farmers, and labourers, and he believed that no sub ject whatever snore urgently demanded the consideration of Parliament than their depressed condition. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER complimented Sir J. Trollope on the moderation which characterised his speech in moving the amendment, and he was glad that he had brought the question forward in a ma nner w hi c h mus t l ea d t o a di ect ati f. discussion and decision upon th e wa y i n w hi c h it a ff ec th e great interests which it involved. It was o f gre at import nce that there should be no doubt of the improvement in manufac ture; and commerce, because it was impossible that these could be in a flourishing condition without producing happi ness and contentment amongst the great mass of the com munity. This should not be lost sight of in considering the policy which bad recently been adopted by this country. The foreign trade of the country had considerably increased, which was a proof that this country was not utterly ruined by foreign competition. The right hon. gentleman quoted a vast number of returns to show that free trade had not been injurious to m - ' The house adjourned, at two o'clock, until Monday FOREIGN AND COLONIAL THE WEST iNDIA. MAIL. ufactures and commerce, and that the repeal of the navi gation laws had been beneficial instead of injurious to the shipping interests. In short, the right hon. gentleman re peated every argument and quoted every document he had used in former sessions in support of the doctrines of free trade. Mr. HERBERT supported the amendment, and quoted a number of returns to show the extent of distress existing in many of the Irish unions. It was said that crime had largely decreased, but this he was not prepared to admit, though in some cases, as in that of sheep-stealing, it had undoubtedly diminished—and why? because there were fewer sheep to steal. (A laugh.) Mr. FAGAN opposed the amendment. Ir Sir JOHN IVALsx supported the amendment, and corn mented upon the conduct of government in giving to Mr Villiers the honour of moving the Address—Ml 7 . Villiers, one of the Apostles of the Anti-Corn-Law League—instead of giving it to one of their own friends. ' - fir. G. BERKELEY animad;eiied rather severely upon the Manchester school, for endeavouring to excite discontent be tween landlord and tenant. .... The Marquis of GRANBY moved the adjournment of the detate until next day. HOUSE OF • COMMONS.-FRIDAY After a short incidental discussion respecting one of the ses sional orders, the debate upon the address was recommenced by The Marquis of GRANBY, who, confining himself to the para graph in the speech to which the amendment was directed, and jesty's subjects, combated the ',pinions of Mr. Villiers as to the real causes of agricultural distress. At large meetings through. out the country the language universally held had been that under present prices it was impossible for the occupiers of land to cultivate it profitably; that they must haveprotection against foreigners. This, however, was a subject which involved the interests, not of owners and occupiers of land merely, but of muourers, wno zar outnumbered those engaged in other pursuits, ar,d who had been worse off since the free trade measures. On the other hand, the Marquis adduced evidence to show that our present manufacturing prosperity was temporary and transient, if not unreal.; but suppose it to be real, the answer was, our manufactures are protected ; with . . _ _ what justice, then The West India steamer Medway arrived on Friday with the mails, a valuable cargo, and nearly two millions of dollars on merchants account. Our Jamaica news is to the 7th of January. The island was healthy. The sugar market lower-17s. 11d. to 19s. per hundred pound s; pimento, 3 1 . The Rum Duty Bill had, without the ap propriation clauses, been sent back to the House of As sembly. The session would quietly terminate. Med way's news from California is to the Ist of December. Gold was still abundant. Sickness, however, prevails. Nicaragua accounts state that all was quiet. Vessels of war from England and America were anxiously expected to protect interests. Trade was dull at Valparaiso, and the Indians were reported to have risen, threatening the peace of Valdivia. It was rumoured the rising would be put down by the governnient of Chili. Insurrections were also taking place at Bolivia. Trinidad accounts are favourable, crops promising. • From Antigua we learn the weather was propitious, and the island free from yellow fever. The only other news of importance is the loss, by drown ing, it is supposed, of a special courtier with important despatches for Lord Palmerston, from the charge d'affaires at Bogota. The celebrated sculptor, Bartolinl, died at Florence on the 20th ult., aged 77, after a short illness of three days. Intelligence from Santa Fe states, that thirty-two Cali fornian emigrants had been murdered by the Indians on the plains. Messrs. Jones, Ball, and Poor, of Boston, have in their possession a single lump of gold from California, weigh ing six pounds ! _ . The project of the marriage of the Princess Louisa of the Netherlands to the Crown Prince of Sweden and Nor way has obtained the official consent of his Majesty. It appears from subsequent accounts that Dr. Achilli did not " make his escape" from the Castle of St. Angelo, but that he was " liberated by the government authori ties." The house of Rothschild has taken the proposed loan of thirty-three million francs to his Holiness, so that if want of his return :Come, we may speedi. ltinued ly anticipate hearing Accounts from Brazil state that the establishment of Senhor Tavares, for the growth of mulberry trees and pro. pagation of silk worms in the province of Rio de Janeiro, was very flourishing; having produced, in twenty-one days, I,llBtb 3oz. of silk of excellent quality. Lamartine is about to turn romance-writer ; and he has had the extraordinary good luck to find speculators who have bound themselves to pay him £20,000 for a certain number of romances—at the rate of £l,OOO a volume, or thereabouts. One of these romances is already in the bands of the publishers. Letters from Stockholm of the 15th say that a ministe rial crisis was imminent. The minister of war, General de Hohenhausen, was to retire, and be replaced by Count Loewnjelm ; and Baron R. Palmsljerna, formerly minister of Sweden at St. Petersburgh, was to become minister of foreign affairs. GREECE.---We have accounts of the British Admiral having blockaded the Greek ports in consequence of en croachments on the territory of the lonian Islands by the Greek Government. In addition to this it is stated that the British Minister's house at Athens was menaced, if not attacked, by the mob, and that he found it necessary to retire from the city, and take refuge on board the fleet. The hostilities were not at all looked for by the authori ties of Greece as on the 15th ult. King Otho was to give a grand ball to the officers of the fleet, and next day a peremptory demand of satisfactiou for all the demands preferred by England against the Greek government was made by Mr. Wyse. In the French Assembly, on Monday, a bill for the olution of the guard motile was passed by a majority ricts, the scenes oft Kilrifsh, unless we returned to the system of 533 to 49. An order, given a few - days back, that all so unwisely abandoned. the trees of liberty impeding the public way should be cut Mr. ment, CULLA especi G ally in Ireland H, ith reference to tended the words in t at count ryhe amend- down, having been ca rr i e d i n t o execu ti on, so th at most o f w n repudiated agricultural protection, which had been a positive them have disappeared, has created so great a sensation in A a ••• . • s wotection be refused to our agricul ture- if, as he contended, the distress in the agricultural dis tricts was owing to legislation, and was likely to permanent, and if free trade was to be the order of the day, let it be fully patiently borne under protection ment. estrictions which had been He supported the amend• Mr. J. E. DENISON lamented that the occupiersof land should he brought to public meetings to listen to acerbities and per sonal invectives, and . deßrecated the desponding language held Le farmers at these meetir :15, - whe were engaging in a hopeless contest for a return of protection, to en courage the tenantry, and apply his attention to the adminis tration of local affairs and the reduction of the county expendi ture. He should vote against the amendment on the grounds of right, justice, and necessity. Captain PELHAM, the new member for Boston, opposed the system of protection on the simple ground that it Y wa r S'injurious to other interests of the country, and, being so, it must be even tually injurious to the protected interest. Mr. CHRISTOPHER said. it was from no disresnert to thn ner ministers, who did not sympathise with the distress, which he had witnessed, in the agricultural districts. They did not acknowledge it ; they taunted the owners and occupiers of land with venting complaints; the amendment was therefore un avoidable. In urging the oft-repeated statem en t, th a t profit able cultivation of land at present prices was impossible, Mr. Christopher gave some practical details of the results of expe riments on his own estate, and asked what grounds there were for anticipating, under free-trade, more prosperous times? He expected, on the contrary, to witness in our agricultural dis- impeutment to cultivation and an obstacle to employment. An the unruly district of which the Place Maubert is the attempt to return to protection there would check the career of contra, that it has boon deemed advisable to keep a large improvement, and open fresh sources of contention at a time body of troops on constant parade. when angry passions were subsiding. His Excellency Kiamil Pacha sailed for Constantinople Mr. ROBERT PALMER, as representing a purely agricultural county, supported the amendment, consid er i ng th e wor d s i t on the 7th inst., in the Egyptian steam-frigate Nile - "nsed to add to the address, framed as it was . o f ver y great having reeeivP 'an -lemr.: s A - ~.s _ in.._ ,nification for the loss of his property and his wife the handsome douceur of 18,000 purses (X 90,000). It may be remembered that this is the fortunate individual who had been elevated by the caprice or discernment of Mehemet Ali from very humble circum stances, and admitted as the suitor of his daughter. to whom he was affianced, and married with great pomp in 1845 at Cairo. Political causes or political jealousies made his removal from the country desirable in the eyes of the new Pacha, and his divorce and exile were considered in dispensable—the sum named above being the adjudged price thereof. THE " GREAT LAKE?' OF SOUTH AFRICA.—The dis covery of this magnificent sheet of water has been justly designated as the " grandest geographical discovery of modern times." The long-contested problem has at length been solved, and the existence of the lake deter mined. The Mr. L. of whom mention is made is the Rev. Robert Livingston, the well-known and indefati gable missionary among the Beehumas, and son-in-law of the Rev. Robert Moffatt, whose name must be familiar to all who are interested in the conversion of the heathen. Mr. Livingston was accompanied by Mr. Oswell, of the Madras Civil Service, and Mr. Murry, of Lintrose, near Cupar Angus, in Scotland. These three are the adven turers who have at length set at rest the long-pending dispute as to the existence of the great fresh water sea in the interior of South Africa. The lake appears to lie in about 19 degrees south latitude, or 560 miles north west of Kolobeng, the scene of Mr. Livingston's arduous and devoted labours, and the head-quarters of the Banquain tribe. Further particulars may be almost daily looked for ; and, before long, Messrs. Oswell and Murry will probably be among us. Their names (in conjunction with that of Mr. Livingston) will now head the list of recent South African travellers.—Athenceum. THE RESEARCHES IN THE RUINS OF NINEVEFI.—Let ters from Nimroud, of. November the 25th, inform us of the progress of Dr. Layard's researches. A wall of ad mirably-united large square blocks of limestone, without cement, has been discovered in the pyramid at Nimroud ; but as yet it has been impossible to ascertain what is be hind it. It may probably be a chamber or tomb ;or it may be only one side of a square mass supporting the pyramid of unbaked bricks. What if it should turn out to be the true busta Nini ? In the entrance of a gate way to the quadrangle opposite Mosul, Dr. Layard has reached a pair of enormous winged figures, which appear to have been entire, but have been cracked and injured by fire. A plan of this entrance would be interesting, as illustrative of the architecture of the city. At Kouyun jik, a pair of gigantic bulls, back to back, separated by an enormous figure strangling a lion, like that at Paris, but still larger, have been discovered : but the upper parts of all have been destroyed. On the bulls are interesting in scriptions. We are glad to hear that the colossal lions at Nimroud were nearly ready for removal. It was expected that they would be on their road to England early in December. Dr. Layard has a party of men excavating at Baashickhah, and in a mound near Khorsabad. PORT NATAL.—As several persons have left Liverpool within these few days for the purpose of proceeding to Port Natal, the following " latest intelligence" from thit settlement will ba interacting to their friends and fellow -townsmen :—" The intelligence from Natal is generally satisfactory ; the beauty and fertility of the country are acknowledged by all the emigrants, but seve ral persons appear to have formed an idea that they could live there without work, and that the land was literally flowing with milk and honey. Disappointment, of course, must result from such extravagant expectations, but the prospect was cheering for all such as had means to settle on their lands, or who are willing to accept work either as mechanics or skilled farm labourers. The greater por tion of the emigrants have proceeded to Pietermaritzburg, in the neighbourhood of which they are bting located. Several of these, however, whose attention vas turned towards the growth of fine cotton, had been offered lands on the sea coast, about 25 miles north of D'Urban. It is most satisfactory to find that the tax of 7s. per hut, im posed on all huts occupied by coloured people, and erected on crown land, is being readily paid by the refugee popu lation, either in money or kind. The arrival of a new governor to succeed the late Hon. Martin West is anxiously looked forward to, as so much of the future prosperity of, the colony depends on his efficiency." A CUNNING THIEF.—About a fortnight ago, the son of a wealthy merchant of Bordeaux arrived in Paris, to enter one of the colleges. He had a letter of introduction to an old friend of his father's, but having found that he bad lost it, resolved to postpone his visit until he should be able to get a new letter. The lost letter unfortunately fell into the hands of a clever thief, who took it to the gentleman, and was by him received with the warmest cordiality. The next day the thief presented himself at the house before the gentleman was up, atid . requested permission to write a few letters. The servants recog nised him as the honoured visitor on the previous even ing, left hith alone in the room, and the thief then pos sessed himself of a considerable sum of money, with which, after a while he went away, on pretence of post. ing his letters. On discovering the robbery, the gentle man was naturally indignant, but out of regard - to his old friend refrained from making a complaint to the police. The other day the young man, the real Simon pure, pre. sented himself with the letter, but no sooner did he an nounce his name to the servant than the latter seized him by the collar, and cried " Thief ! thief !" Astonished at such a reception, ,the young man struggled to break from the servant's srasp, but in vain, ho was safely locked up. The gentleman, however, haVittik head his explanation, • immetitately bad him released. The cunning thief has not yet been Oacovered. PAP4L EitiGRATION.--4,beillt 1000 Irishme n are at this season of the year on t eity of Boston for support. Almost daily emigrants arrive, in the worst possible con dition, and in most cases one or more Papal priests come out with each load, and have the perfect mastery of the whole concern—commanding the men and caning the chil dren. A visit this week to Deer Island, the place as signed by the city for the reception of this class, revealed some of the practical workings of the Papacy. Almost to a man those who arrive are ignorant, filthy, and vicious. No confidence can be placed in their word. They are true to nothing but their priests. When asked who sent them, and paid their passage, the reply usually is, " The priest paid the passage." When asked, " Where are you going," the anuver is "Oh! to the best place." On several oc- . casions these priests have attempted to interfere with the 'arrangements of the island. The books of the children have been removed, and other acts indicating a desire to control the place. But a decisive check has been given to all such efforts. Religious service is held each Sabbath, at which all are required to be present. A Sabbath-school and a day-school are in successful operation. Upon the arrival of emigrants they are taken to a house built for that purpose, stripped of all their clothes, scrubbed most thoroughly with soap and water, hair cut,*old clothes burnt, new suit given— and a ticket for a passage to any part of the country ;' and the whole bill is charged to the ship which brings the persons over, and is readily paid by the owners. Some owners have paid 400 dollars for a single load of emigrants, and yet they find the business profita ble. Dr. Monaly, formerly of New York, is at the head of the Deer Island establishment, and is most admirably adapted to the position he fills. As Protestants we begin to feel the power of this Papal emigration. In Lowell and some of the older manufacturing cities, the foreigner is driving out the native population. A change in morals, Sabbath desecration, and waning religious institutions, mark the onward march of the Man of Sin.—New York Evangelist. IRELAND. John Martin and Kevin O'Dogherty, the Irish exiles, have arrived at Sydney. There are executions new at the suit of contractors in the Scariff, Kilrush, and Ennis workhouses. Eight fishermen were drowned, last week, i❑ Dingle Bay, by the swamping of a boat during a storm. Mrs. Catherine Hunter. housekeeper to the Lord Bishop of Waterford, was accidentally burned to death on Saturday. A large body of people demolished a bridge on the pub lic road leading to the collieries near Massford, in the county Carlow, last week. A Sligo paper says that a gentleman lately went to dine with a neighbour, and when about to returm borne his gig was seized by a collector for the arrears of his host's poor rates. REVERSE OF FORTENE.—A gentleman who, not many years ago, represented a neighbouring borough in the imperial senate, is now a recipient of out-door relief ! Nenaqh Guardian. The Kerry Journal, with regard to the Irish poor law, says that government intends to fix the maximum rating upon land and other hereditaments at present rateable at two shillings in the pound ; and to provide for the defi ciency in the poor law expenditure by an income tax on Irish property. A few nights since, some persons entered the stable of a poor widow named Margaret Doonican, residing at Clondalla, and cut the neck off an ass belonging to her, with some sharp instrument. She has lately had some dispute with a neighbour about land, which is the cause assigned for the perpetration of the wanton act. On Monday evening, about four o'clock, as Daniel Bay ley, Esq., of Moorock, near Ballycumber, was proceeding alone from Clare to his residence, he narrowly escaped assassination from a man named -Digan (one of his tenants). When Mr. Bayley arrived near Digan's house, a shot was fired at him through a hedge, but fortunately missed him, as he was driving in his gig at a smart pace. Mr. John Reynolds is no longer legally lord mayor of Dublin. Judgment was given, on Tuesday, by the Court of Queen's Bench in the case of " Wauchob v. Reynolds," when the judges decided by three to one that the point raised as to the ineligib'lity of Mr. Reynolds to remain on the burgess roll was sustained, and it was accordingly ordered that his name should be erased from the list of burgesses. DEATH OF AN ORANGEMAN OF THE OLD SCHOOL.— Mr. James Nixon, of Tulnadell, near Derrygonnelly, died on Friday se'nnight, aged 83. He was the third Orange man (on the society being originally instituted) who was initiated in this county, and for very many years did the state good service, when services were needed and valued. The remains of this quiet, inoffensive man were followed to the grave by upwards of 200 of his brethren, with all the insignia of the order.—Fermanagh Reporter. ROMAN CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY.—By way of " putting down" the Queen's Colleges, and thereby preserving intact the old hatreds between classes and creeds, Dr. M'Hale and his clique of bigots have set a project on foot for the establishment of a purely Romish University, the gates of which are to be as firmly closed against Pro testant or Dissenter as were those of Bandon against " Turk, Jew, or Atheist." As a be g i nn i ng , M r . Ri c h ar d Devereux, of Wexford, has contributed a donation of £2OO. POisONING.—The case of the alleged poisoning at Glenaul, county Armagh, was terminated on Monday. The jury, after a deliberation of three hours, returned the following verdict :—" The late Arthur Bernard Bleazby, late of Glenaul. came by his death by poison, called arsenic, having been administered into his body as the said jury believes by the hands of Sarah Maria Bleazby, and that William Gordon, her steward, was accessory thereto, and that both said individuals are guilty of the murder of the said A. B. Bleazby." They were then committed to the county gaol. STATE OF IRELAND.—On Sunday week about one hundred persons came to the lands of Ballykilmurry, in the parish of Ardmore, in this county, with ploughs and horses, to set wheat for Mary Mansfield, tenant to the Earl of Donoughmore. The police were on the lands at daybreak ; but they only laughed at them, and set four teen acres of wheat. It was to avoid a distress for the poor's rate that the corn was thus sown. The entire of the farmers have entered into a combination to pay as little rent as they can, and assist each other in every way to take away the crops. It appears that several persons who came to set this wheat resided upwards of ten miles from Ballykilmurry, and many of them were strangers, who were not known to the police.— Waterford Mail. The following letter has been addressed to his tenantry by the Marquis of Queensbury, in reply to an application on their part for a reduction of rent : " Kinrnount Tan. , 1850. " My friends,—Your petitions have reached , me for 19 a reduc tion of your rents. After the blessings of the , last years' abundant harvest—which filled your stackyards to overflowing —as well as a very fair potatoe crop, this appears to me un reasonable. You have not had time to suffer from the effects of free trade, be they bad or good. You are not rack-rented. When a farm in your locality is vacant, competition never fails to offer. " I more than usually require my share of my rents, such as it is, this year, and am quite unprepared to grant any reduc tion. Come to me next year, and if you can prove you are suffering from the new system, though I indulge in no super fluity, 1 will then be ready to meet your just claims oy farther self-denial, if possible. I am, with best wishes, " QuEExsnuity, Lt. STATE OF AGRICULTURE IN IRELAND. —During the debate on the address Lord Stanley said, " The class of persons that occasioned these low prices told the landed gentlemen that they must reduce their rents. He for one need not reduce his rents in Ireland. He was not sup posed a harsh landlord in Ireland; but it was his full in tention to make a return of income in Ireland as liable to the property tax this year as nil (laughter and hear). For the last eighteen months he had not received a single shil ling from his property in Ireland (hear, hear), although he had been in the habit of laying out one-third of the rental in the improvement of it ; and he believed there was not a more contented peasantry in the south of Ireland. Be had at this moment about one fourth of this land thrown upon his hands, because he could not find a tenant that would occupy it. This was not an extreme case in Ireland, for there were, unfortunately, many such. His land was so good that it yielded on an average 26 tons of turnips to the statute acre. He would ask, then, whether it was unreasonable when we said this state of things ought not to exist—when the poor rates ranged from 16s. to 18s. in the pound—when estates were brought to market in Ireland in such profusion as to render the chance of a purchaser extremely little—after having bestowed both time and capital for years past upon the improvement of their estates—when they could not at the present time find a tenant to occupy their land on account of the grievous burdens that were imposed upon it, and the un remunerative price for their produce ?" APPALLING CATASTROPHE.—The Li ra erick papers bring the particulars of a melancholy catastrophe in one of the workhouses in that city. Between 8 and 9 o'clock on Tuesday night, shortly after the inmates (500 women) had retired to rest on the lofts of the store—it being one of the auxiliary receptacles —a false alarm of fire was raised. A fearful scene of confusion ensued, the women rushing to the ladder leading from that portion of the building to the ground floor. The frantic efforts of all to gain access to the ladder, upon which several had crowdrd together, necessarily caused a crush and confusion, until ultimately the paupers on the other lofts congregated in the narrow passage, when the ladder broke, and numbers were pre cipitated to the ground from a t eight of not more than ten feet. The scene that ensu is almost indescribable —the shrieks from below ind...:ed those above to press more eagerly towards the staircase, and as they came to the verge of the passage down they fell in crowds over each other ! For some time all remonstrance was uneven ing to dissuade the paupers from rushing headlong to ruin, and before the surprising nerve of the matron, Mrs. Sleeman, and assistant -master, Mr. O'Shaughnessy, had effect, 27 women were killed, or rather suffocated, from falling on the top of each other ! Many others were much injured; some of them dangerously so. The jury, in their verdict, blamed the act of the Limerick guar dians, who approved of the recommendation of the com mittee to take the Clare-street workhouse, censured the committee by when the recommendation was made, and decktred that the building should forthwith be put in ha. bitable order, and an open passage made to the yard THE CHASE The Cheshire Hounds will meet on Wednesday (to morrow), the 6th instant, at Tattenhall; Thursday, 7th, at Tarporley ; Saturday, 9th, at Arley ; Monday, 11th, at Beeston ; Thursday, I4th, Wrenbury ; Friday, 15th at Chohnohdeley ; Saturday, 16th, at Ravensmoor Wind mill ; each day at half-past ten o'clock. Sir W. Wynn's Hotinds will meet on Wednesday (to morrow), the it h, at , Aston ; Friday, Bth, at Styche; Saturday, 9th, at Gredlngtou ;at half-past teal each day. The Lanemter Hariers will throw off on Wednesday at It. Marshal's, Esq., Wray, where they will remain un til the end of the week. CLERICAL INTELLIGENCE. Her Majesty has appointed the Rev. Edmunfl Luby, to the perpetual curacy of Glasson, near Lancaster, the same having fallen to the crown by lapse. Dr. Hinds, the successor of Bishop Stanley, has accepted the o ffi ce (vacated by Dr. Stanley' s decease) of President of the Norfolk Auxiliary of the Bible Society. The primate of Ireland has presented his private secre tary, the Rev. Alexander Irwin, to the important rectory of Armagh, vacant by the death of Dr. Elrington. A better appointment could scarcely have been made. The Tablet says that ground has been taken near St. John's Wood, London, for a new convent, in which fifty poor women will be received, and about a thousand girls educated, and a chapel will be provided for Oho whole establishment. THE QUEEN'S SUPREMACY.--We understand that at a special meeting of the committee of the London Church Union held on Monday, for the purpose of considering the case of Gorham v. the Bishop of Exeter, a sub-committee was appointed to deliberate and report upon the question of the royal supremacy, and its legal effects upon the church in finally determining questions of doctrine. The sub-committet are in daily deliberation upon the point.— Tractarian paper. The Archbishop of Canterbury received on Friday, by appointment, at Lambeth Palace, a deputation of the Metropolitan Church Union. The address, to which 863 signatures of the clergy an d l a it y were attached, was read by Dr. Biber. After a conversation upon the subject, his Grace stated that he could hardly be expected to give an immediate answer to an address upon a question so ela borate, and that he would send a written reply at an early opportunity. A. very interesting letter, dated Teneriffe, Nov. 28, has been received from the young Chinese who left this country with the Bishop of Victoria to labour among his countrymen as a spiritual instructor. The young man expresses many thanks for the enlightenment he has received, and asks the prayers of the people of this country, that "he may show forth the glory of God among the millions in China who sit in darkness and the shadow of death." On the passage he teaches the bishop and his lady the celestial language, whilst Dr. and Mrs. Smith, in return, train their disciple in the English, French, Hebrew, &c., languages. THE GORHAM CASE.—The decision in this case is vir tually given. Had it not been for the peculiar view of one member, Sir Knight Bruce, the judgment would have rested on the unanimous opinion of the court, fortified by the unanimous opinion of the two Archbishops, and the Bishop of London. The first spiritual persons in the Church, thus uniting with the first judicial authority in the state, in expounding the existing law of the church, as applicable to the case before them, all reasonable men in church and state will be satisfied. The Tractarian party will, we doubt not, show their unreasonableness by kicking against it. The bishops, or even the archbishops, are only " Christ's vicegerents" on earth, when they are of the mind of the Tractarians. The judgment requires some time to be made out, but we expect it will be offici ally announced next week. There seems to be no doubt as to the party who will institute Mr. Gorham. We be lieve that if Sir H. Fust had decided in favour of Mr. Gor ham, the duty would have devolved on him. As it is, and as it is unnecessary to subject the Bishop of Exeter to- the additional mortification of the service, it may be performed by the Primate.—Record. RESPECT FOR EPISCOPACY.—The tractarians profess high regard for a bishop's opinion, and when it coincides with their own, they affirm that it should be looked upon as reverently as if uttered by Christ himself. But when a prelate delivers a judgment which opposes their prac tices and notions, immediately his Lordship is abused as no other but a tractarian could abuse him. The " Additional Curates Society" was formed in sheer opposition to the Church Pastoral Aid Society, because the friends of the former society professed their reluctance to join the latter on acccount of its rules not recognising sufficiently in their opinion an appeal to the bishop. The secretaries of the Curates Aid Society now, however, issue a report declaring " that it is alike incumbent upon those who sympathise with the grievances now complained of and those who are anxious for the future prosperity of the society to direct their combined efforts to procure such a modification of the society's practices as, consistently with the integrity of its fundamental principles, shall preclude the exercise of an extra-episcopal and arbitrary power." The greevances complained of are simply a refusal on the part of the Bishop of Manchester to consent to a renewal of a grant in a parish where he conscientiously believed the clergy paid higher regard to forms and obsolete usages than to the spiritual interests of the parishioners. ALTAR DENUNCIATIONS. —Altar denunciations have been nearly as frequent as the mass in the chapels of Dingle and the surrounding parishes for some months past. The return of the Rev. Mr. Lewis to Dingle to take per manent charge of the mission was the signal for the most vexatious annoyances the priests could devise. They have openly avowed that their object is to drive him from Dingle, and have told their flocks " not to molest their converts at present, but to hunt him down as they would hunt a mad dog "—to call him " Parson Lucifer," and many other opprobrious names. Wherever he goes he is dogged day and night by four men, who are said to be paid daily wages for doing so. These men go before and behind him through the streets and lanes, announcing him by whistling and shouting—" There goes Parson Lucifer:" "There he goes." By this means riotous mobs are raised who follow him hooting and calling the names they have learned in the chapels : and on ape oc casion, a few nights ago, they pelted him with stlrnes at the door of Priest Sullivan, where the most violent mobs are generally assembled. The boys of the monks' school, and the servants and relatives of the priests, are the ring leaders of the mobs ; and on one occasion Mr. Lewis was hooted by a mob headed by one of the priests. The per secution he is daily enduring could hardly be exceeded in the most barbarous country in the world; but from time immemorial the priests of Dingle seem to have had the special privilege of doing as they please with immunity.— Dublin Herald. LABOURERS IN THE VINEYARD.-It has been said that Irish clergymen are not acceptable labourers in the English portions of the Lord's vineyard. This, if true at all, is only so, with a distinction. The Bishops—with two, or, perhaps, three exceptions— of the English Estab lishment are adverse to the Irish University; and where Oxford and Cambridge are deficient in their supply of candidates for Holy Orders,—which they generally are.— they are fain to put up with a class of men whom they call literates, rather than share the labours or the rewards of the mission with the highly educated graduates of the Dublin University. On the other hand, the Irish clergy are most acceptable to the laity, and are considered, in general, a better educated, a more zealous and eloquent class of ministers, than the generality of their English brethren. Some of the most distinguished preachers of the day, in England, are Irishmen ; and we need but note the commanding influence, in Liverpool, of such men as the Rev. Hugh M'Neile and the Rev. Thomas Nolan to prove the honour in which they are held, as well for their abilities, as for their works' sake. Our attention is par ticularly drawn to this subject by the documents of mutual esteem and regret which have recently passed between the reverend gentleman last named and the congregation of St. Barnabas, to which he ministered, for many years, as " an earnest Evangelist, a devoted pastor, an unwea ried watchman of their souls." They present an inter course well worthy of all imitation. " Happy are the people that are in such a case,"—still happier the minister of a congregation so well disposed to receive his instruc tions and profit by them.—Dublin Evening Mail. Feb. 5, 15111 om °, Sir G. H. Smyth, Bart, has somewhat _ nd, 1 , suggestion, a deputation has been appoint _ car k Lord John Manners, to ask him to become 5 signed the representation Of Colcheaterj t 3 ,OP Y; and he has consented. FA A cr R v E R F E R s E ? E - - TIRnAtDhIeN House G O F u O s R e E O I on Th u ? „,tof , Stanley said—" When he looked at the al.tu_: in d, exports, there were various circumstances !P I j w_ . `: b li l' that the increase of prosperity—not reach_l,9o,lt' nearly reaching the amount of ad'r trade in jl,is, 4 ' 3n di• and previous to those distressing years of 1 154 i,„ r or' and arose from totally different causes (ehq r 2p s „inr ) , remarkable fact that, of their exports of eahT et tiP , l, there had been an enormous increase of s o w., o lef', had been wholly independent of their free-tra d e D o of Lords, 128.000,000 of yards in the present yeartrn.;ooooi 89,000,000 of yards wore exported—where? l ipt i°` where free trade had been established ? No; por tiel, tish India (loud cheers)—and a very small P un n ear deed of their calicoes had gone to those eeL e tri ARING o,t had adopted the principles of reciprocal It' met'" (cheers.) The - 1,11 FREE-TRADE MEETING IN DUBLIN. -- , n u ,, , , the free-traders was held in the Rotunda, aii ,o - e, Monday. The building was crammed. Th, e 0 lil t , took the chair at half-past one. The firs'. r d j a ble', favour of free trade was proposed, amid cons' s ot" fusion, by Mr. Coffey, and seconded by Mr' ~, silt°, the wealthy brewer. Mr. Galway, barrister , ali f _ p sf!, favour of the resolution. Mr. Butt rose, at i fne, o'clock, to move an amendment ; but here a,-__ e ipo; roar and tumult arose which defies all 'V /0 0 groaning, hooting, mingled with cheers, whic h t rade' nearly an hour, during which some of the fre,`, e nt:f ders endeavoured in vain to obtain the learned ! tor e a hearing. Mr. Butt continued to weather the " N gl:, undeniable coura ge u p t o near fi ve o ' c l oc k, at ir i b ' e l,, he contrived to ma k e hi mse lf hear d as f a r 85 i,ed: the cobfusion continued. Mr. Butt's a mena.; 3 oo' lost. A similar fate attended the other aw e The meeting broke up at eight o'clock. P i cane could permit him. The Earl of MaYO foilloent! mr 11. THE PRIDE OF WEST SUSSEX ! ! !--Irif. , for the honorary secretary to the Petworth Socie`l b ,d Protection of Agriculture and Native IndustrP 6° , good service to the cause of truth, by publishieV executed lithograph o f Ri c h ar d C o bd en 's Pa fo ool estate. The lith ograp h i s accompanied b y the , J graphic description of this splendid property ' 1 , 5 ; celebrated and magnificent estate, comprising n ° , of 144 A. 2a. 4p. o f c l ayey and sandy soils, con sislsb 2R. 36r. of woods and plantations, and two super • one of which, con t a i n i ng 21 A. 2R. 18p., i s in llle nt tion of Mr. Mills, a miller, and the other, ° lsl . " 32A. 3R. 33 P ., i s i n t h e occupation of Mt. , iI: shopkeeper. The liber a l and spirited proprieta v i v lieved to have expended not less than ss. Y ar „,oe improvement of the farms f or th e b ene fit o f his " -- r l!, ; , tenantry. The rents are £2O and £2B 103. Ye a p, , the farms are supposed to be worth no less 001 4" per acre ! ! Th e hi g h est praise that can be`-tijal upon this vast es t a t e i s , t h at, l i ke the landlord, plenty of room for improvement." • , ,/° L EARL GREY AND THE V ALUE OF AN- ,, pl o ', course of the deb a t e i n th e H ouse of Lords on tu L ~ 0 0"-is for an address i n rep l y to h er Majesty's Messag`•cleo ls e i opening of Parliament, Lord Stanley noticed ie el of''- an observation made by Earl Grey, at the tite e d pgsing of the measure for the repeal, of the .r,, r , fi s that immediately those laws should be repealea: p ak raise his rents. Earl Grey explained that what '"•ii was that he would regard his property a s of I be value after the repeal of those laws • he added th a i , . .1, 1 , so regard it, and nothing had yet occurred to 10. 4 in the slightest degree to change his opinions "lie point. Wh a t ever t h e no b le earl ' s standard of vl' ; be. this does not accord with the facts transPi r l o el on his own property in Northumberland. How, tilt noble earl account for the circumstance that P", 0,, linquishment of farms in this county they remain V in the market, and even his very best farm, 1 '; l• mouth, will not reach its last rental by nearly se" ) ' 1 1 . 0 dred pounds a-year, or more than a third of the merly paid. — Newcastle Journal. ~,.. OUR COLONIES. —F REE - TRADE CONSISTE NC V readers cannot f a il t o reco l lect that, within t he months, the f ree -t ra d ers, one and all of them, reP', ' our colonies as use l ess and expensive e ncuol" i t which we ought to get rid of as fast as possible , 1 0 events which we should not retain if they wan te rid of us. We are gratified now to learn from the mist that, since these provoking slaves will not P 5., • fast enough, th ere i s a fa i r chance of some of the I colonies bein g t a k en under the protecting wing.% chester. " O ur h opes, " says the writer, "lie 10 , f different di rec ti on (f rom Indii) ; we look to °ll. t er t Indian; African, and Australian colonies, as the ( l ie fil from which, would government afford every Pe gs° , P t ',, lity—(we ask and w i s h f or no more)—we might, e e l,' draw such a su p p l y o f cotton as would, to say t, h , - e f make the fluctu a ti on o f the American crop, and Vi t o; ing proportion of it which falls to our share, ow V,' consequence to our prosperity than they now are • i d 10; is a precious fellow ! Six months ago he well „ I t ,e 1 handed over our West Indian colonies to any 0 1 ,'"A henceforth hi o eoc r entatsen t ote h enf e rpo. rrbdteeehsgl President, di deliverance. wrne to fail, only nfal e aeln . iy. ld, would have taken them, and expressed himself t" n lieP, look to their social condition ! The message of 1',," 0 Now,mhAtehamerimarket ereri w tiet abaci ready n ymowoft h ori i leA s iclu o wirir r .gi d set i °mi n i geateroiryceaoeds rit u ilt: c, 1 since fallen like a thunder clap on the appalled eare,,,,. hoped to gain a large increase of consum p tion sees the plain advantage of protection.—BiackLF RAILWAY AFFAIRS, During the past year 750 miles of railway were 1,1 / for traffic in E ng l an d, 731 i n Scotland, 114 in Ir e n making a total o f 937 i n 18 49 against 1,207 in 1R0',,,,,41 Damage to the am oun t o f a b out £2,000 has b ee , , tamed by a fi re a t th e C olchester Railway ternahl e- :(1 1 ,,, building, which w a s o f woo d , b urned with great raprriefr Two locomoti ves , an d other valuable property, ' stroyed. The London Central Committee of shareholders is.rer Caledonian Comp an y h ave i ssued a circular to rbelbe4 proprietors, in which they state that the directors er agreed to resign their seats on condition of the sh s t r 66,D r chases made by th e di rectors b eing adopted ; and bed be raised on loan to pay off liabilities for which thOotir rendered themselves personally responsible. T he n, mittee recommend the proprietors to adopt the e° mise in order to avoid litigation. Ss tl ; FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—At Newcastle on ei je 0 day, a very rem ar k a bl e and, unhappily, fatal O f pi' occurred on the ra il way near that town. About h 3 l . as fr . l ; five o'clock in the evening, whilst a goods' train ` c ,,,,0t10 ceeding south along the line, the boiler of the lne ° 'd, I attached thereto exploded. The fireman was ki" e for ne driver and guard were seriously injured, and the i n boj considerable time was completely blocked uP °I l e ev>an sides. Next morning the railway hal been finallY c An explosion of a locomotive boiler has hitherto be almost unknown casualty. .1" At the half-y ear l y meet i ng of the East Lae cs Po 0 whichCo paintyapapreeaproerdt thatw was tshuabingriattesadratocatihpteapfraorptrhiee ba. torli_y t er d were £15,426, an d th e net revenue, after de f ra Yiss ; expenses, and paying the interest on the debenturedir6 and preference shares, £45,586, out of which the 4tb tors recom men d e d t h e payment of a dividend " original shares at the rate of 2 per cent. per annuiejol` report also reco mmen d e d t h e creation of a new' eaP lii ple 4 te £304,000 upon p re f erence s h ares, i n order to co repoo, the line, and pro v id e f or it s e ffi c i ent working. Theriviti was adopted, with th e except i on of that part re fer d irt the new capital, and th e di v id end declared. A Cow i was then appoint e d t o consult with the directo r part of the report not adopted. te u r e 'o THE BRITANNIA B RIDGE. — A novel and ver.,-- n st vef i / ing process in con nex i on w i th this structure has illoie brought to a successful termination, that of the? SFT 4 one of the wrought-iron land-tubes on to the o ' l ' o l itfv, in the recess of the tower, by lowering its ext. re weig e A inches on to its permanent bed place, whereby it s ., to'li of 650 tons, acting as a counterbalance over thc to be, rd had the effect of raising up the centre of the niel n ,,f Cit . !! 1,600 tons weight, by upwards of two inches, anu, ' re cird adding materially to its rigidity and strength. Ploo d i similar operati on h as to b e performed with t he cen tr 4 terminal tube on the other side, and by which °f li er f t) / of each of th e gran d spans will be raised altoge' ted inches. The preparations for this are nearly ctl En si ll v d the workmen, as usual, being engaged nigh t l a id p The rails for the trains through the tube arweer longitudinal timbers, like those on the Great Railway. , n c,• SOUTHPORT RAILWAY.—The fifth half-Verb' eva ° of this company was held on Friday, in the Cla i r , fi c ri rooms. In the absence of the chairman, W. Eci r ,fitg pl presided. The report stated that, notwithstsa v ,o 3 , e c o confidence the directors have in the present ma ns ;er'' l t e of the company's affairs, they have secured the re po" of Mr. Beloe, a p ro f ess i ona l accountant of hig h . di cli t tl tion, to exami ne th e accounts, in additi on to th e- ,etaq The working sto c k i s i n good order, and arra ) t do have been made for keeping it up. The directo7 i , h e t consider it expedient to de c l are any d i v id en d t 01 year out of the balance to the credit of reve rl a to i w recommend that the amo un t b e carried forward °I current half-year, and th a t t h e declaration o f fh is deed be deferred u n til th e expiration of 12 In"' of 'et to r borrowing the payment of the last. The inability of loft shareholders to pay up the sums due, rendered a m d o . call necessary to supply the deficiency in the 9 ,, a p a Woo half capital required to be paid up and expen“ - v to the p ex ro e p rc r i i s e i t n o g rs extent of £75,000. A bill will shortly be subrnd r iiire amalgamation Yorkshire Company. The directors, in conch' c ooP t lit upon the proprietors the necessity of promptly t powe w rs ith of t t h h e e L co e m rica P. 3 s : ; : t i on t , o ,; tl ing the line to Liverpool. The capital tteeeltl 'Joe 31st of December last, showed that £96,97 balance received, and £120,185 expended, leaving a s „ th e 4r to bankers an d ot h ers of £23,210, together " ll 0 0 t 't , bilities for th e purc h ase of land of £11,826, andollA stauction account of £2,064. The revenue ac rec ej a cis the 3lst Deem - 111)6r, states that £6915 had bee,n xi6t and £3773 expended in working the line, a nu xt of rile payment of dividend, leaving a balance to creu l Aeo ill nue of £1458.—A conversation male as to the ",d 0, 1 0 1 ness of completing the line to Sandbill-bridge, a''irite? whether the traffic would lie sufficient to pay the bu t , " of the money to be borrowed for that purpose' ~,,hogoi was satisfact or il y exp l ained by ChaPrnatiL.affie .jr an estimate o f th e present omn4aus and other tbe,bef further said, that the question of going on un‘ ; $ O 4 had been settled at the last half-yearly meeting' were bound to go on atrrth it. The adopfion wi l e P was then moved and carried unanimous'''. _,`J au • f ie retiring directors, H. Hornby, W. Nicol, 40 re Esqrs., were re-elected. The directors wer e A;o9 o, to borrow the requisite sums, not to exceed quired to complete the line. COURT AND FASHION. Her Majesty, Prince Albert, and the Royal Family, re main at Windsor, in the enjoyment of good health. A Privy Council was held at Windsor, on Wednesday, at which the Royal Speech, which was delivered by com mission, was agreed upon. Sir Robert Peel, his lady, and daughter dined with her Majesty on Saturday. The first of the two performances to which the court theatricals at Windsor Castle have this year been una voidably limited, took place on Friday, in the pre sence of her Majesty and Prince Albert, and a select circle of distinguished visitors. The play which Mr. Charles Kean had received directions to present was Sbakspeare's tragedy of " Julius Caesar," and it was cast with a strength befitting a performance before such an auditory. The great interest of the evening was centered in the re presentation of Marc Antony and Brutus by the leading actors of the day—Mr. Charles Kean and Mr. Macready —who upon this occasion appeared together in the same piece for the first time on any stage. The nuptials of Lady Olivia Montagu, only daughter of the Duke of Manchester, with Lord Ossulston, M.P., only son of the Earl and Countess of Tankerville, were celebrated with much festivity at Kimbolton Castle, the ducal seat, in Huntingdonshire, on Tuesday. On Monday last, the principal places on the estate of Lord Feversham were the scene of great festivity, in cele bration of the coming of age of the Hon. William Ernest Duncombe, second son of Lord and Lady Feversham, of Duncombe Park, who was born on the 28th January, 1829 ; and from the testimony of all is a son worthy the noble parents who have carefully watched over him to the pre sent interesting period of his life. POLITICAL MISCELLANY. The Duke of Grafton, who voted in the majority for the repeal of the Navigation Laws, has openly joined the ranks of the Protectionists. Lord John Hay is about to retire from the Admiralty, and Captain Houston Stewart, R.N., Comptroller-Gene ral of the Coast-guard, will succeed him. THE SCHOOL OF ULTRA REFORM.—Mr. Feargus O'Connor and his party propose to convert the House of Commons into the Charterhouse. The noble heir to the Marquisate of Londonderry has written a letter to the High Sheriff of Down, assigning his reasons for refusing to support the prayer of the peti tion in favour of protection. GOVERNMENT RETRENCHMENT !—Among other go vernment " savings," an order has been issued to the va rious barracks to stop all separate allowances for winding up the clocks. In consequence this duty at the Fulwood barracks will hereafter be transferred from Mr. Simpson, clock-maker, to the barracks master. The saving is about .£6 a-year ! The Times agricultural "commission" has hitherto made "much ado about nothing." Trhe whole of the in formation it has as yet given would have gone into a nut shell were it not thougJt politic to spin it out. Can the results of this " commission" be intended to form an ex cuse for the Times to change its opinions upon " affairs in general? - The Earl of Winchilsea said in the House of Lords on Thursday that ebrn could be grown in foreign countries, and especially in America, at so low a price that he him self would undertake to import any number of millions of quarters at the rate of 30s. a quarter; and it was his firm conviction that the time would shortly come when corn would be sold in our markets at that price Feb 5 kESu mED tabp:i Friday, 1 1•P, 7 W as r LA 'De were ogee • tw ed otle e z hai 4 o ~,, ;oof w e i l ''thh a AL th. 4lr die lacir rysa je:1 6 41 . 11 )0 ,c 1, unfit dr NI,Tt to 611E1 etherAEG ( if V Patti d aY a dr xl .'' kli e t utar lY to c Nta: Y ° f th e and ' "d 208 g th E~ CEP , had e - Ir. Ai, x atti: r ttli I° P th Ine ba 84 t',o4 e Pt oheasf lt :a tl 4 ( 4r. nce §e re gor a i l la g e 14 .Pr 0p0 ,, 0 d n , 1 `"