The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-07-11 00:00:00

Varitiunriltarp Vrerertings, HOUSE OF COMMONS.-MONDAY. The house having gone into committee on the sugar duties, and the first set of resolutions having been put, Sir J. PAKINGTON rose and moved as an amendment that the duty on West India Muscovado sugar should, from the sth instant, be 10s. per cwt., instead of 135., as contemplated by the resolution; his intention being, if that amendment was carried, further to move that the duty on foreign sugar of the same class be continued at 205., the same to continue for a period of three years. The amendment was Furported by Mr. H. Drummond, Mr. B. Cochrane, Mr. Spooner, Mr. Godson, Mr. Man ales, Mr. Robinson, Mr. Oswald, Mr. T. Baring, and Mr. Disraeli; and opposed by Mr. V. Smith, the Chan cellor of the Richequer, Mr. M. Gibson, and Lord John Russell. After some explanations, the committee divided, when the amendment was negatived by a majority of 62—the numbers 169 to 231. After some debate as to proceeding with the resolutions, Lord J. RUSSELL said, as it appeared that the question could not he settled before the sth of July, he would propose that the Chairman should report progress to sit again on Friday. Mr. GLADSTONE was desirous of knowing what would be clone in reference to the duties which would come into operation on Thursday. It was not a question affecting merely those who had sugar in bond, but those who had it on its way to this country. The CHANCELLOR. of the EXCHEQUER said it had been the invariable practice to give directions for the alteration of duties on a simple resolution of the house. By the course now pursued, all the sugar that came in between the sth and the time the resolution was reported, would cone in at the reduced duty. Mr. GLADSTONE urged Lord John Russell to give no tice of a resolution for Tuesday, for continuing the pre sent duties for the interval that would elapse before the other resolutions were reported; but Lord John Russell did not respond to the desire thus expressed. HOUSE OF LORDS.-TUESDAY, The Game Certificates for Killing Hares Bill was read a third time. A conversation took place consequent upon the presen tation of petitions by the Duke of RICHMOND relative to juvenile offenders. Lord KINNAIRD remarked that the subject was well worthy of attention. There were 100,000 children in the metropolis without education, and 30.000 who were va grants, and who herded together in dens of iniquity. In Aberdeen it had been proved that children could be kept in a school, with a view to their reformation, for £5 a year, and they could be maintained in London for £G ; and this would be much cheaper than transporting them. Earl GREY said the boys who had been sent to Park hurst were often forwarded to Western Australia as ap prentices, and the system had been found to answer re markably well. They must be careful not to place chil dren who had been neglected by their parents in a better situation than the children of poor honest people. A complaint against the North Wales Railway. Co mpany. by a shareholder, embodied in a petition, was stated by Lord MONTEA.GLE, the noble lord intimating that he should move for a committee to inquire into the circum stances alleged by the petitioner. HOUSE OF _COMMONS.-TUESDAY. In committee on the Encumbered Estates (Ireland) Bill, Sir L. O'BRIEN moved that it be an instruction to the committee to extend its operation to England and Scot land. _ _ _ The motion was resisted by the SOLICITOR-GENERAL. After a discussion, in which Mr. NAPIER and Mr. MoNsELL joined, the debate was adjourned till Monday. Mr. BANKES moved for leave to bring in a bill to re peal the Railway Commission Act. Mr. LABOUCIIERE resisted the motion; which, after interesting speeches from Mr. GLADSTONE, Mr. V. SMITH, and Lord J. RUSSELL, was.negatived by a majority of 73 over 62 voices. Mr. URQUIIART was proceeding to move two abstract resolutions on the impolicy of interference in the internal . government of other countries, when the stream of his eloquence was cut short by the discovery that 40 mem bers could not be prevailed upon to stop to hear him. HOUSE OF COMMONS.-WEDNESDAY. After the presentation of a number of petitions the House went into committee on the Places of Worship Sites (Scotland) Bill. This measure, after considerable discussion and two divisions, in which the Government were successful by very narrow majorities, passed through committee, and the report was ordered to be received next day. On the question being put for resuming the adjourned debate on Mr. O'Connell's motion for the Repeal of the Union, Mr. REYNOLDS moved its further adjournment till that day three weeks, which was agreed to. (This" important measure" was introduced as tar back as the 11th of April last, and since then both the mover and seconder have ab sented themselves—while at the time of its introduc tion there were not more than a dozen Irish members present !) Mr. KEoGx denounced the motion for a repeal of the IT-ion as a false pretence, and accused the Repeal mem for playing with the question, holding it over the House in terrorem, without having any serious intention of bringing it to a vote. After some observations by Mr. REYNOLDS, Mr. KEOGH charged the Government with having played fast and loose with the Repeal question during the last election, and with having supported Repeal can didates in order to obtain supporters in the House. Sir G. GREY emphatically denied the charge. On the motion of Mr. EVELYN DENISON a select com mittee was appointed to consider the best means of pro moting the dispatch of public business in the House, to consist of seventeen members. HOUSE OF COMAIONS.7THURSDAY. The debate was resumed on Mr. Hume's notable scheme for disarranging and dislocating the representative system of the country. On a division there were found —For Mr. Hume's motion, 84 ; against it, 351 ;—majo rity, 267. The speakers in favour of the motion were Mr. B. Osborne, Mr. Cobden, Mr. Locke King, Mr. O'Connor, Lord D. Stuart, Mr. Muntz, and Mr. Villiers; but some of these only gave a qualified support, though they voted with Mr. Hume. The speakers against the motion were Mr. Sergeant Talfourd, Mr. Urquhart, Mr. M. Milnes, Mr. Sidney Herbert, and Mr. Newdegate. Mr. Sergeant TALFOURD declared, and declared truly, that Mr. Hume's resolution is founded on no principle, attains no end, and is but an instance of delusive and mischievous quackery. Mr. COBDEN made a violent and unscrupulous chartist speech. He declared that 130 meetings have already been held in favour of the scheme (we have never before heard of them), and that it has already excited as much feeling in its support as had been acquired by the Anti- Corn Law League after five years' agitation (this too is new to us). - HOUSE OF LORDS-FRIDAY. The Bankrupt Law Consolidation Bill was, on the motion of Lord BROUGHAM, read a second time. After some discussion, the Public Health Bill, which stood for committal, was referred to the consideration of a select committee, the noble lords urging the latter course, stating that their object was not to impede the progress of the measure, but to render it more perfect. The Duke of BUCCLEUCH recommended that the bill should apply to Scotland, or that a similar measure appli cable to that country should speedily be introduced. The Usher of the Black Rod reported at the bar that having made every inquiry for Viscount Arbuthnot, or dered to be arrested under a warrant of the house conse quent upon a charge of the commission of forgery, he could not be found, and there was every reason for believ ing he had left the country. The Imprisonment for Debt (Ireland) Bill was read a third time. HOUSE OF COMMONS-FRIDAY. In answer to Mr. HUAIE Sir G. GREY further stated that if desired he would at once lay on the table the state. 'Went of the commissioners as to the great addition to the labours of the police. He might mention that between 1830 and the present time no fewer than 200 miles of new streets had been added to the duties of the metropolitan force ; and, in reply to Sir R. 11. INGLIS, that instead of the increase being 4000, it was only 500 .then ; and that the report respecting a greater proportion of resignations than usual in the force was wholly unfounded. A discussion on the subject of fees in county courts ensued at the instance of Sir J. DUCKWORTH. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, in reply to Mr. Bouverie, said he was not prepared to allow foreign sugars in transitu to ye admitted at a lower rate of duty, if the resolutions were not reported before they arrived. Mr. S. WORTLEY intimated that on an early day he should move that the law forbidding marriages within cer tain degrees of connexion should be repealed. Mr. A. STAFFORD moved a new writ for Derby ; but on a notice from Lord JOHN RUSSELL that he would on Monday move that the writ do not issue until the 15th of August, in order that the question might be fully and fairly discussed the motion was withdrawn. After some observations as to the memorial from the Manchester Chamber of Commerce, at the instance of Mr. BRIGHT, and to a despatch from Lord Harris at that of Sir H. WILLOUGHBY, the house went into com mittee on the sugar duties, Mr. BARKLY moving as an amendment on the government resolutions the following scale of duties : British plantation, from and after July sth, 1848, to July sth 1854, inclusive—double refined, &c., £1 ls. ; single refined, 18s. Bd. ; muscovado, 14s. ; and molasses. ss. 3d. Foreign for same period : double refined, &c., LI 7s. 9d. ; single refined, LI 4s*. Bd. ; brown clayed, or equal thereto, £1 Is. 7d.; muscovado, 18s. 6d. ; molasses. 6s. lid. ; and after the sth July, 1854, same rates as British plantation. lie did not make this proposition in any hope that it would meet the views of the colonists, but because he thought it a better plan than that of the government, giving the British producer an average protection of 6s. per cwt. for six years. The amendment was supported by Mr. W. GLADSTONE, in a financial and want of confidence speech, Mr. CAYLEY, Mr. CARDWRLL, Sir GEORGE CLERK, Mr. C. BRUCE, and Mr. H. BAILLIE, though not in preference to the scale which he himself intended to propose. The speak ers in opposition to the amendment were, the CHANCEL LOR of the EXCHEQUER, Mr. LABOUCHERE, Mr. Wm sorr, and Mr. GODSON. Mr. AfewArr expressed his intention of not voting either way, after which Lord GEORGE BE'NTINCK moved the adjournment of the debate, which was negatived by a majority of 131 ; the numbers, 82 to 211. Lord JOHN RUSSELL, however, on condition that the house would go into committee of supply, consented to be adjournment of the debate until Monday. FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. FRANCE. , -> 3' The bureaux of the chamber continued on Monday the discussion •of the project of the constitution, and more especially of its preamble containing the declaration of the rights of man. In three of the bureaux this declara tion was altogether rejected, in some others, it was post poned until after the discussion of the articles. The declaration of the right of every citizen to employment excited the strongest objections in all the bureaux, grounded chefly upon the manifest impossibility of the state answering such a claim. The right to relief, how ever, in the cases cf inability to labour, was generally admitted. The committee on labour has resolved to pro pose the revocation of the decree of the Provisional Government which limited the hours of work. General Lebreton has been elected Questeur of the National Assembly. The Reforme shows some pique at this nomination, as affording an additional proof of the military mania. " Nothing shines now (says this jour nal) but the epaulette,—there is no sound but that of the sabre. It is a Pleiad of generals; the - soldier is Minister —the soldier is Representive—he is the leader of party, the Chairman of Committees, he is diplomatist, he is ques teur. One would say we had the Empire over again, with the exception of its c_popees." The Minister of War brought in a Bill for the formation of a battalion of gendarmerie, which excited some emo tion, from the belief that this corps is destined to act in La Vendee. The reporter of the Committee on the Bill said so without hesitation ; but the Minister of War eva ded the explanations he was called on to make by stating that this corps was destined to act against all the enemies of the Republic. The Gazette de France appeared On Thursday in mourn ing for the death of the celebrated M. de Chateaubriand. The following letter has been addressed by the well known Abbe Beguerry to the Journal des Detects : " Paris, July 4. " Monsicur,—France has lost one of her noblest'sons. M. de Chateaubriand died this morning, at a quarter-past eight' o'clock. We received his last sigh. He died in full possession of his faculties. So fine an intelligence did of right conquer death and preserve in his grasp a visible liberty. - The death of Madame. de Chateaubriand last year, affected him so much, that laying his hand on his breast he said,—` I feel my life attacked and dried up in its source; it is now only a question of some months.' The death of M. Ballauche, which followed immediately after, was the last blow for his illustrious old friend. Sinca that time M. de Chateaubriand seemed rather to rush than to descend to the grave. A few minutes be fore his death M. de Chateaubriand, who had received the sacrament on Sunday, embraced once more the cross with the emotion of a lively faith and firm confidence. One of the expressions which he repeated most frequently of late years was, that the social questions which agitated nations at present could not be solved without the Bible, without the soul of Christ, whose doctrines and example have denounced selfishness, this gnawing worm of all con cord.' Thus M. de Chateaubriand hailed Christ as the Saviour of the world, even in a social point of view, and be loved to call him his king as well as his God. A priest and a sister of charity knelt at the feet of M. de Chateau briand at the moment he expired. It was amidst prayers and tears that the author of the Genius of Christianity rendered his soul to God. " I have the honour, &c., " DEGUERRY, Curate of St. Eustache." M. de Chateaubriand was born on the 4th of Septem ber, 17(S. He has left ten volumes of Memoirs, which he could not be induced to publish during his lifetime. M. Emile de Girardin was liberated on Wednesday after an imprisonment of twelve days, eight of them an secret, and two-and-a-half hours of the time in a cell under ground. The journals ofThursday arc still occupied with the late insurrection, notwithstanding the continued existence of the state of siege. _ The prevailing impression is that the late revolt has inflicted a death-blow on communism, socialism, and ultra-republicanism. All who in Paris were not in the ranks of the National Guards are disarmed. Those who fled into suburbs or departments are tracked, hunted down, and captured. 100,000 soldiers are in the capital, as well as 160,000 volunteers from the provinces. These give a sense of security to the most timid, but the epoch of the trial of the prisoners, and of the punishment (trans portation for those that may be convicted), is looked to with anxiety and misgiving. " Their friends and asso ciates may, not be able to effect their release by force," say the alarmists, " but they are capable of feat ful acts of revenge!" The Reform 6 states that nothing has yet been decided with respect to the place to which the insurgents are to be transported. The Marquesas have been rejected on account of their sterility. It is asserted that a number of unemployed operatives, who did not take any part in the insurrection, have united in a petition to be permitted to form part of the new colony. They only require that the Republic shall provide them with the instruments ne cessary for agriculture. It is said that, according as the judicial authorities who are investigating the causes which led to the late insur rection proceed with their labours, the facts developed become more serious. Thirty-four additional warrants were issued on Wednesday last, not against obscure insurgents, but against persons who appear to have per formed an important part in the revolt, and who exer cised a decisive influence on the facts which preceded it. The Paris papers of Thursday announce that the fune ral procession of the victims of the late insurrection, which it was intended should proceed from the Place de la Concorde to the Place de la Bastille, would stop at the Madeleine, and that the bodies of the deceased would be placed in the vaults of that church provisionally. The reason given was that the vaults under the Column of July were not yet ready for their reception. It was re ported, however, that this alteration of the programme had been occasioned by information that the partisans of the late insurgents intended firing upon Gen. Cavaignac arid other distinguished persons in the cortege. M. Carnot, an ultra-Republican, has been replaced, as Minister of Public Instruction, by M. Banlabelle. General Bedeau has declined the Ministry for Foreign Affairs. Of the insurgents who escaped being shoLor taken, many are reported to be scouring the counW, hunted like wolves by dragoons through the woods and fields. Others lurk in Paris, in numbers which it is impossible to ascertain. Nightly assassinations and crimes of a still darker dye (even poisoned lint has been sent to the hos pitals) prove that the deadly spirit of mischief is even now alive in the city. A ruffian named Manchon, who turns out to be a grocer's shopman, has been seized by the police ig.eonse quence of his having boasted that he is the one NWo fired the bullet at Dennis, the sainted Archbishop of Paris, displaying, in proof of his share in the assassination, a portion of the pontifical belt, known to have been worn by the Archbishop on the day when he was murdered at the foot of the barricade. _ There is no political news in the journals of Friday of any interest, which had not been anticipated in the de spatches the day before. M. Lamartine has addressed a letter to the editors of the Conslitutionnel and the Journal des Debats, in con sequence of a paragraph which appeared in the latter jour nal, accusing the late government of conniving at the late insurrection. M. Lamartine replies by a general dis avowal, expressed in indignant terms. M. de Girardin has addressed the following protestation to all the Paris journals :—"Arrested without motive, and imprisoned au secret' for eleven days on the most vague grounds, and released in fine after a merely formal ex. amination, and without any document produced against me by which I could know why I was deprived of my liberty on the 25th June, and why I was enlarged on the sth July, my first act is to protest solemnly against this sequestration of my person, and against the suppression of the journal La Presse,—a double attack on my liberty and property, which I reserve to myself the right of discussing when La Presse shall re-appear, the bureaux and print ing-offices of that journal being now under the seals of the government." Contrary to what was expected, it was announced in the Salle des Conferences, by General Lamoriciere, that the state of siege would cease on Friday, or rather that it would be seriously relaxed. Some restrictions will be re tained respecting the erection of barricades and the free dom of the press. It is said that the two journals La Presse and L'Assemble Nationale, will, for the present, continue suspended. LAMARTINE. - M. de Lamartine is ostricised ! A por tion of his luggage has already proceeded to Marseilles, whence he is going to cross the Mediterranean, accom panied by Madame de Lamartine, on a second pilgrimage to Palestine. THE FORCE or HABIT.—An illustration of this and of the spirit of the times was strikingly exhibited in a late sitting of an association, recently formed in Paris. The members were discussing the rules to be established, when it suddenly became known that fighting: was going on in the streets of the capital. A member immediately proposed that the debate should be adjourned, as blood was being shed in Paris; but he was opposed by M. Chaissaignac, who coolly observed that circumstances of this description ought not to interfere with their pro ceedings, as their frequency would occasion too many in terruptions ! SAVED BY POlSON.—During the late insurrection in Paris, a vivandiere, accused of selling poisoned brandy, was on the point of being killed. Two members of the national assembly, MM. G. Sarrat and A. Mie, for some time sought in vain to save her ; at length, M. Sarrat, seeing that it was useless making further attempts to appease the exasperation of the crowd, exclaimed, " Wretch ! if you have poisoned the defenders of your country, you are unworthy of death by the sword ; you deserve only to die by poison ; swallow your own liquor." The poor vivandiere eagerly seized upon this means of safety, and being set at liberty, joined the regiment to which she belonged. THE ALOCKADE OF TRIESTE.—It is said in the ac counts from Augsburgh of the 2d instant, that through the intervention of the Bavarian and Prussian Ambassa dors, the blockade of Trieste has been withdrawn, and that the only control hereafter to be exercised will be confined to the prevention of the transport of the mate rials of war. DENMARK AND GERMANY.—Accounts from Ham burgh of the 4th July state, that it was generally believed that an armistice of three months had been agreed to between Germany and Denmark on the following condi tions :-1. The Swedes withdraw from the Danish terri tory. 2. The Germans withdraw from that part of the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein, called Schleswig. 3. Schleswig to remain neutral ground. 4. The blockade by the Danes of German ports to be raised immediately. 5. The vessels captured by the Danes to be released after settlement of the act of contribution levied on Jutland by the Prussian army. THE WEST INDIA MAIL.—The royal mail steam-ship Teviot, arrived at Southampton on Tuesday, from the West Indies, with the usual mails. On her ,homeward voyage she experienced fine weather throughout, and has made a remarkably quick passage, having arrived at least two days before she was expected. The Teviot brings in formation of an attempted revolt at Jacmel amongst the blacks. About 1000 riotously assembled, and attempted to destroy it by fire. The soldiers and inhabitants turned turned.out, and saved the town from destruction. It.had been set on fire in several places. When the steamer left the inhabitants were hourly in expectation of another at tack; if so, fears were entertained for the safety of the town. The consul had written to Commodore Bennet, at Jamaica, for assistance. Many families, who had fled from Martinique in consequence of the late disturbances, had arrived at Porto Rico, and had taken up a temporary abode there. The accounts from the West India is/ands are still of the usual desponding character. There is a great depression everywhere, and, in fact, no business be ing transacted whatever. Demerara was, in particular, in a very distressed state. Great quantities of rain had fallen at Jamaica, which had been useful to the sugar planta tions, the crop being expected to be a very good one, but the rain had beerirdisastrous in another way. The quan tity which had fallen had caused inundations, and led to great destruction of stock and property of all kinds. The rivers rose to a great height, carrying down in their course to the sea large trunks of trees and dead animal whose bodies were to he seen floating, in vast numbers, on the surface. The damage to the railway is stated to have been immense. It appears that the number of persons killed at Naples on the 15th of May and carried to Campo Santo amount ed to 1,354, amongst whom were 891 Swiss and 200 bour geois. The woutlded taken to the hospitals were 1,207. So common are fires at Constantinople, where the houses are generally built with wood, instead of brick or stone, that landlords are said to calculate that their pre mises will be burnt down once in seven years, and to fix their rents in conformity with that supposition. • • The stem-ship Acadia, Captain Stone, arrived in the Mersey on Wednesday, with New York papers to the 21st ult. She was detained ten hours, between New York and Halifax, by fog. She brought £26,000 in specie. The Britannia had sailed from Halifax for New York previous to the arrival of the Acadia. THE CHOLERA.—Letters from St. Petersburgh con firm the accounts of the fearful progress of the cholera morbus. The malady broke out in the Russian capital on the 24th ult., and an immense number of patients have already succumbed beneath its virulence. Six hos- . pitals have been prepared for the reception of cholera patients alone. In Moscow the pestilence is decimating the population. In two days (the 11th and 12th June), of 222 patients, 122, or. more than one-half,-succumbed. Orel, a town in Russia, was destroyed by fire on the 7th of June, and most of the inhabitants lost all they possessed. Upwards of 1,237 houses, including 50 of stone, 80,000 tschetwerts of grain, 100,000 ponds of flax, and four bridges, were destroyed. The four stone churches were much injured. The whole of this loss is •officially estimated at 3,425,000 silver roubles. The Emperor has forwarded the sum of 50,000 roubles to be distributed amongst the poorer people, and the Ministers have also sent 10,000 roubles for the same purpose. IRELAND. - True bills were found in Dublin, on Monday, against D. Reilly, on a charge of illegal training and drilling. Malignant typhus fever is making fearful ravages in the county of Cavan. Within the last week three medical men have fallen victims. . .._ • The anniversary of the Battle of the Boyne, on Friday week, was celebrated with rejoicings in Enniskille n , Dun gannon, and other towns in Ireland. Mr. Mitchel has arrived at Bermuda in health, though rather depressed in spirits. On his voyage he was re markably silent and reserved. Mr. Sergeant Warren died in Dublin on Thursday. This eminent counsel was called to the, bar in 1806. The equity law courts were closed for the day in consequence. The Limerick Examiner gives a list of. fifteen land owners in Clare against whom the poor-law guardians have commenced proceedings in the superior courts. Orange flags have been placed on Louggall church, Caledon, Killelea, Grange, Dungannon, and almost on all the churches in the counties of Tyrone, Monaghan, Down, &c. UNANIMITY OF POPERY.—The Roman Catholic bishops of Ireland have republished the resolutions against the clerical agitatoit, but the hierarch of Cashel, Dr. Slattery, has written to say that he had nothing to do with the meeting in question. The Rev. William Archer Butler, rector of Raymaghy, and late professor of moral philosophy, in Dublin Uni versity, fell a victim to typhus fever last Wednesday. The lamented gentleman died at Sharon rectory, near Londonderry. He was only thirty four years of age, and was possessed of brilliant talents and commanding elo quence. Tux JULY ANNlVERSARY.—Preparations on an ex tensive scale are being made in Ulster for the celebration of the Aughrim anniversary, but government, after de luding the Orangemen into anti-repeal declarations, are now going to play the old game of coercion once more. Troops are pouring into Ulster from every quarter south of Dundalk, and an immense staff of stipendiary magis trates have been despatched to the north with orders to put down the processions. ROYAL IRISH YACHT CLUB.—The Dublin regatta took place on Wednesday and Friday. The prize of £5O, for yachts of 25 tons and upwards, was won by Mr. Hodders' cutter Enchantress, beating Water Wyvern, Druid, Ata lanta, Charm, and Enigma. The prize of £25, for yachts under 25 tons, was won by Mr. Sweetman's Daring, beating Moonbeam and Zephyr. The £3O plate, with 20 sovs., was won by Mr. Pim's Charm, and the £3O cup by Mr. Sweetman's Daring. The best body guard that the Lord Lieutenant could receive on his visit to the Great Southern and Western Railway was afforded to him in the assemblage of the navigators of the line. A heavy shower of rain fell as we reached the junction, says the Irish Railway Gazette, where the labourers of the company were drawn up in a line parallel with the railway, with their spades and picks on their muscular shoulders. They received the Earl of Clarendon with a loud and hearty cheer, which was raised with the strength of non-consumptive lungs again and again. THE CROPS IN IRELAND.-At the meeting of the pro prietors of the Bank of Ireland last week, the chairman said it would be gratifyin g to the proprietors to hear that Sir J. Young, one of the directors then at the board, who had just returned from Ireland, stated that in each dis trict through which he had passed the crops appeared in a very luxuriant condition, and that there was every pros pect of a most abundant harvest. The statement fully confirmed the advices which the directors had received from every part of Ireland. SENTENCES.—The trials of the persons charged in Dublin with illegally drilling and training took place last week. The jury came out three times to take the judge's opinion as to the intent. It was supposed that they would have finally disagreed, but thellksult has been very differ ent. At half-past four they found them guilty, and the sen tence was, " Gogarty, the chief, to be transported for seven years; Englishto be imprisoned for two years, and the other eight for twelve months." The wailing of their friends was pitiable. All the prisoners were strongly recom mended to mercy. THE LATE MR. STEELS.—The remains of the Head Pacificator were consigned, on Monday, to their last resting-place in Glasnevin Cemetery, beside the ashes of ' his great leader. The funeral was announced to be a public one, and no pains were spared to render the cere mony as imposing as impossible. But, alas for mob mob popularity ! The corse of poor Mr. Steele, who had services to point to, and who lost his whole worldly sub stance in hunting after shadows, was followed to the grave by just 16 carriages and about as many jaunting cars, and accompanied by a noisy group of mere boys, whose at tendance at the ceremony might have been advantageously dispensed with. IRISH AGITATION.—A number of peers and members of parliament connected with Ireland have presented to the Home Secretary a memorial drawing the attention of the government to the present alarming state of Ireland, and urging that measures be taken to suppress the con federate clubs, to prohibit the manufacture and sale of arms, and to afford protection to loyal subjects. The memorialists urge the government to enforce to the utmost extent the powers afforded by the law, and if those should be insufficient to apply to parliament for other means. 'The memorial is signed by thirty-five peers (among whom are Lord Monteagle and the Earl of Devon) and thirty-six members of the lower house. The " trainers and drillers" in Ireland have got a lesson. One of the scoundrels is transported, and two others are imprisoned for periods that will cool the " felon" fever in their blood. Some others, we hope, will be sent to keep them company. They were the initiators in the assassin system, and Government has done well' to place the cul prits at the Bar. But it should not stop here. It is mockery to be seizing the humbler instruments, while the preachers of sedition—tbat is, the inculcators of assassin ation—are suffered to escape. Lay hold on them, but do it impartially, without distinction and without exception, and the land will soon have peace, notwithstanding the bleating of what Mr. O'Connell used to call the bell wethers. A warrant was issued on Monday under the Treason Felony Act, against Mr. Martin, proprietor of The Irish Felon newspaper. The officer entrusted with the warrant has been unable to execute it, in consequence of the dis appearance of Mr. Martin, who is evidently keeping out of the way to avoid capture. On Saturday, Mr. Martin surrendered himself to the police, and was brought before the magistrates, and, after an examination, was told that he stood committed for two articles which had appeared in The Irish Felon. He said that the reason he had got out of the way was, that he wanted to get something like a fair trial. The police had previously received orders to seize The Irish Felon of that day, and had accordingly seized every copy which they could discover. Mr. Reilley and J. F. Lalor have declared themselves the authors of the articles complained of, and that they are ready to take the consequences, providing Mr. Martin be liberated. 3', Londonderry was visi tedTHUNDER STORM.—On Friday, with a dreadful thunder storm. At the Rev. Edward Bowen's mansion, Bogay, an electric bolt struck a stack of chimneys, over the bed-room in which that gentleman was sleeping. shattering them to pieces, a great quantity of which fell down the flue, into the room. The fluid then took the direction of the bell-wires, which it com pletely melted throughout the whole house, and marked its track round the ceilings in a most fantastic manner. So completely was the room filled with a sulphureous gas, that when Mr. Bowen attempted to light a candle, he found it would not burn until he got the windows and doors opened. Another part of the fire struck the kitchen chimneys, breaking them in pieces ; on its way down the flue it tore the wall, which is four feet thick, in several places, smashing the bricks, which are of the hardest kind ; it also tore out the nails that were in the walls and ceil ings, finally making its way 'through the flags down into the earth. The house is comMerably:ttamaged, but tio personal injury was sustained. TRE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. UNIVERSITY AND CLERICAL NEWS. The Rev. Mr. Gorham is prosecuting his suit in the Ecclesiastical Court against the Bishop of Exeter, for institution to Brampford Speke ; and we doubt not the suit will be carried forward to a successful issue. • THE COLLECTS IN VERSE.—Messrs. Hatchard have just published this little work. The poetry is singularly pure, and the adherence to the precise language of the all but inspired" originals strikingly close and faithful. M. Guizot has declined the offer of the Chair of Modern Languages made to him by the Curators of the Taylor Institution in Oxford. M. Guizot declined the offer from personal motives, with every sense of the com pliment, which we still think was paid to him by the Curators at the expense of the trust confided to them by the University. On Tuesday week, the new church at Hixon, within five or six miles of Stafford, erected at the expense of Earl Talbot, was consecrated by the Bishop of the diocese. A collection was made, amounting to upwards of £134, which will be added to the endowment provided by Earl Talbot and the vicar of Coiwich (Archdeacon Hodson), in whose parish the church is 'situated. A parsonage house, adjacent to the church, has also been erected at the noble earl's expense. OXFORD COMMEMORATION.—The Enecenia, Or CORl memoration of founders and benefactors, was held on Wednesday in the Theatre, when the honorary degree of D.C.L. was conferred on the Earl of Harrowby, Baron Hugel, Sir G. Arthur, Bart., W. E. Gladstone, Esq., M.P., Sir C. Morgan, Bart., J. Masterman, Esq., M.P., A. J. B. Hope, Esq., M.P., H. Hallam, Esq., the histo rian, W. Cotton,- Esq., A. Layland, Esq. All these indi viduals were received with unanimous applause, except Mr. Gladstone, who was received with mingled cheers and hisses, the former predominating. M. Guizot, with his son and two daughters. was present, and received a most enthusiastic reception from all, which he appeared to feel most sensibly. - The name of the Queen was re ceived in a manner *beyond all precedent, and the cheering from every part of the theatre and the ladies standing and waving their handkerchiefs, combined to make a scene that never will be forgotten by those present. As soon as the procession entered the theatre, the organ struck up the national anthem, and the whole of the assembly rose and sung it through, before they would allow the business of the day to commence. A grand horticultural fete took place in 'Worcester College Gardens, and was attended by an immense number of persons. Mr. Green made an as cent in his balloon, accompanied by two members of the University, from an adjoining close. PEW RIGHTS.—The right of the possession and occu pation of particular pews in churches having caused va rious disputes in different parishes of the country, we annex the following statement from a proper ecclesi astical authority :—" Cases have occurred of pews being' let, and of claims being set up by an individual to the ownership of several pews. The right as to this matter is plainly set forth in all the common treatises of ecclesi astical law. Nothing can legalise the selling or letting of pews in old parish churches, except a special act of Par liament, such as that which has been obtained for St. Alkmund's Church, in this town (Shrewsbury). The pews in a parish church belong to, and are for the free use of the parishioners ; and it is the duty of the churchwar dens, as the parochial officers of the ordinary, to make all seats available, as far as may be, for the accommodation of the parishioners, according to their respective stations. The ordinary may indeed, by a faculty, grant to the in habitants of a particular house an exclusive right to the use of a particular pew. This privilege, however, is al ways annexed to the house, and not to the person; and, therefore, it cannot be granted to a man and his heirs, nor (inasmuch as it is a privilege conferred on inhabitancy) can it belong to a man in respect of his owning a particu lar estate in a parish."—FromArchdeacon Allen's Charge, 1848. POLITICAL MISCELLANY. THE NAVIGATION-LAWS. — Some doubt is entertained respecting the passing this session of the bill proposed by the government, for the purpose of virtually repealing the Navigation-laws. A committee of the House of Lords has been sitting, during the greater part of the session, to investigate the question ; and there appears, as we are in formed, an obvious desire on the part of the Protectionists to protract this inquiry, in order that its non completion may serve as a legitimate excuse for laying the government bill on the shelf, when it reaches the upper house. — Whig paper. MR. HUME'S MOTION FOR PARLIAMENTARY REFORM. —The Lancashire members among the ayes, are Dr. Bowring, Mr. Bright, Mr. Brotherton, Mr. Sharman Crawford, Mr. Fox, Mr. Milner Gibson, Mr. Henry, Mr. Hindley, Mr. Pilkington, Sir G. Strickland, and Mr. M. Wilson—total, eleven. The following Lancashire members voted with the noes :—Sir Thomas Birch, Mr. Bolling, Mr. Cardwell, Mr. Duncuft, Mr. Greene, Mr. Hornby, Colonel Lindsay, and Mr. Wilson Patten, thus giving the ayes a majority of three as far as concer thiS county. The absent members were Mr. Armstron; Mr. James Heywood, Mr. William Brown, Mr. Walker, Mr. Greenall, Mr. Thicknesse, and Mr. Greenfell, making seven. Of the Cheshire members the following voted with the ayes :—Mr. Kershaw, Mr. John Williams, whilst the following voted among the noes, Sir P. Egerton, Mr. W. T. Egerton, Mr. Heald, Sir J. Jervis, Mr. G. C. Legh, and Mr. Tollemache. Earl Grosvenor and Mr. J. Bocklehurst were absent. RUINOUS LOSSES IN THE WEST INDIES.—It is to be deplored that there are many worthy persons to be found in England who, from the enjoyment of incomes of £lO,OOO and £20,000 per annum, have been reduced to actual penury by the acts of the Government,—that Govern ment, by those acts, departing from its former professions, and so, in some sort, breaking faith with its own subjects. We met, only the other day, with a gentleman who for merly derived £17,000 a-year from his West India pos sessions, and whose whole income now, is not a hundredth part of that sum. We heard of a mortgage of £200,000 on such a property, actually offered for sale for £1,500, and the safety of giving so much as £1,500 greatly doubted. The grand absurdity and crime of the present system. is, that after giving £20,000,000 to abolish slavery ; and while we now spend half a million per annum in striving to put down the slave trade, we do, at the same moment, by our commercial code, give a prodigious encouragement to the increase of slavery, and the over-working of slaves, in Cuba. It if a fact, we believe, that the passing of the Sudar Bill of 1846, was hailed in the Havana, by a general illumination. It is a fact not denied by any, that while our own sugar plantations in Jamaica are becoming rapidly stripped of plant and machinery, from sheer poverty and bankruptcy,—the Cuba planters are eagerly buying up this machinery, to supply the increasing demand of the English markets. Yet these same planters were described in 'the House of Commons, the other night, as never venturing abroad without the guard of a brace of mastiffs and a pair of bouble-barrelled pistols ! Such is the state of things which we are now countenancing and encouraging ! A FEW PLAIN FACTS. — MONARCHY v. ECONOMY MONGERS.—George 3rd gave up to the public all his hereditary revenues ; and the parliament granted him first £BOO,OOO, and subsequently £960,000 per annum, for the support of his civil list ; and according to Sir 'William Blackstone, the public was then gainer of £lOO,OOO per annum. From a report made in December 1837, by a select committee of the House of Commons, it oppears that the total amount of the hereditary and temporary revenues of the crown, from the accession of George 3rd, to the accession of her present Majesty, arising from the net produce of the customs, excise, post office, and small branches of the hereditary and temporary revenues, and also from the sums settled on the sovereign in lieu of duties on various articles repealed by George 11., is, X 101,338,877 10s. 7., while the total sums received during the same period by the reigning sovereigns in lieu of those revenues, including the sums granted for the civil list debt and the fees from suppressed offices, amount to £69,385,931 15s. 101 d., being a gain to the nation during that period of a sum of nearly thirty-two millions of pounds, (X 32,000,000.) As to the annual loss or gain by, or to, crown or nation. For the first year-and-a quarter after the accession of George 111. the hereditary and temporary revenues of the sovereign amounted to £886,381, 10s. 0 jd. ; and the annuity received by the king in lieu of those revenues amounted to £965,317 4s. 9d. The proportion between these revenues, and the annuity settled on the sovereign in lieu of them, every year afterwards changed in favour of the nation, and in the last year of the reign of his late majesty William IV., the amount of the crown revenues was only £3,248,208 ls. 11d., while the annuity granted to his majesty for the civil list, in lieu of these revenues, was only £510,000 ! Her present most gracious majesty, Queen Victoria, has also placed, without reserve, her interest in the revenues of the crown, at the disposal of the nation ; and the par liament have granted her majesty in lieu of those revenues an annuity, amounting in the whole, to the sum of £385,000. The revenue'of Queen Elizabeth was £600,000, that of King Charles I. was £BOO,OOO, and £1,200,000 was granted to Charles 2nd, while that of Cromwell was £1,500,000; a further convincing proof, if any were wanted, that the people are not gainers by violent revolu tions. LAW INTELLIGENCE. NEW COURT. (Before Baron Parke.) IN THE CASE OF THE ABDUCTION OF THE REV. MR. HARVEY OF THAXTED'S DAUGHTER. M. Clarkson, who appeared to prosecute Thomas Bux ton Barnes for the abduction of Miss Harvey, applied to the court for leave to withdraw the charge. He said : My lord, you are aware that this is a prosecution for the abduction of the daughter of a rev. gentleman of the highest respectability. The abduction in question was followed by a marriage, and there is every reason to believe that this marriage is a legal and legitimate one, and that it cannot be put aside under any circumstances. I there fore respectfully ask leave, my lord, to withdraw from offering any evidence against the prisoner, seeing that the effect would be that the punishment inflicted upon him would fall unhappily on the unfortunate girl who had been abducted. Under these circumstances I respectfully ask permission to withdraw the prosecution, and I am sure that the court will kindly grant me this permission. After a few words from Mr. Ballatine the court assented, and the jury, by the direction of the presiding judge, re turned a verdict of Not Guilty. The prisoner was in consequence discharged. IMPORTANT TO CREDITORS AND INSOLVENTS.—A most important case was argued before the Court of Exchequer last week, in which tillateli-debated judg ment of the Common Pleas in Wier v. Gingall has been overruled. The decision of the Common Pleas in the case referred to decided that a final order in insol vency, under statute 7th and Bth Vie., cap. 96, protected the person but not the property of the insolvent. In the case just decided in the Exchequer, the court has ruled that the case in the Common Pleas had been misunder stood, and that the statute in question operated to protect both property and person. THE REVENUE. An Abstract of the Net Produce of the Revenue of Great Britain, in the Years and Quarters ended the sth of July, 1847 and 1848, showing the Increase or Decrease thereof. YEARS ENDED JULY 5. 1847. 1848. I Incr. { Decr. £ £ £ £ Customs 18,792,348 17,888,988 903,360 Excise 12,733,998 12,263,233 .... 470,765 Stamps. 7,201,797 6,449,108 .... 752,689 Taxes ... . Property Tax 5,491,936 5,411,253 .... 80,623 Post Office 854,000 787,000 ... • 67,000 Crown Lans 112,000 71,000 .... 41,000 Miscellaneous China Money: 227,644 455,021 227,377 Imprest &other Moneys . Repayments of Advances 804,843 422,485 .. 382,358 Total 1nc0me.,51,060,109 48,722,400 227.377 2,815,086 151,060,109 148,722,400 Deduct Increase Decrel UARTEItS , ase on the tiDED JUL' 1847. 1848. I Incr. Deer. £ £ £ £ Customs . . 4,519,119 4,447,832 .... 71,287 Exci5e........ 3,291,052 3,473,803 182,751 .... Stamps. Taxes Property Tax 1,036,517 988,401 .... 48,116 Post Office.' Crown Lands .... 10,000 10,000 .. Miscellaneous 7,461 89,022 81,561 .... China Money .... Imprest &other Moneys Repayments of Advances 137,944 86,813 .. 51,131 Total 1nc0me.,13,240,190 112,912,419 274,485 602.226 X 13,240,190112,912,419 274,485 I 602,226 Deduct Increase Decrease en the Quarter .. £327,741 • The total decrease of ordinary revenue on this quarter, as compared with the corresponding period last year, is only £276,783. That is the main fact in the table. The decrease in the customs has beer_ £71,287. This depart ment, however, has been effected by temporary causes of contrary kinds, and the naked figure tells its tale but im perfectly. There have been large receipts on foreign grain, but, on the other hand, colonial sugar has been extensively held back for the lower duties expected to come into oper ation this day. In the Excise there is an apparent in crease to the amount of £182,751, and on several articles, such as malt, soap, &c.. there has been an actual increase. As already mentioned, however, there has been a change of accounts which renders it impossible to draw exact in ferences from these figures. The carriage duties, it is said, have been transferred from the stamps and taxes to the excise. It is evident, therefore, that there must be a considerable decrease in some articles of excise, otherwise the apparent increase in the table would be far greater. In the stamps there is a decrease to the amount of £311,824, which is accounted for partly by the above change of accounts and partly by the abatement of railway speculation. The taxes exhibit a decrease to the amount of £40,868, and the property tax to the amount of £48,116. In the present instance, as the assessment would be pro bably the same at the two dates, one cannot help looking to ruined fortunes and pecuniary embarrassments for the account of a deficiency which, supposing it to consist of unpaid half-yearly assessments, represents income to the amount of £3,000,000 per annum. In the Post-office there is an apparent decrease of £79,000, which everybody who knows the great increase of letter writing will at once as cribe to some adventitious cause. In fact, it arises not from any falling off in the correspondence of the country (though the rate of increase has been seriously checked by the badness of trade), but from the paythent of arrears, greatly exceeding the deficiency in question, to one of the railway companies for the conveyance of mails. Under " Crown Lands " and " Miscellaneous Items " there has been an increase respectively of £lO,OOO and £Bl,OOO. RAILWAY AFFAIRS. ____ 4 _ _ The receipts on the Chester and Holyhead Railway for the week ended Ist July, amounted to £lO5l Gs. Bd. A jury has awarded to Sir Edward Bulwer £7,533 as compensation for land in Hertfordshire, taken by the Great Northern Railway Company. DIRECTORS AND THEIR SHAREHOLDERS.—The House of Lords will, it seems, grant Committees of Inquiry into the proceedings of the North Wales Company, and of the Liverpool, Manchester, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne Company. Other Companies are likely to be subjected to the same ordeal. — LIVERPOOL, MANCHESTER, AND NEWCASTLE RAIL WAY.—The adjourned meeting of this company was held in London on Thursday. Mr. France took the chair, and stated that the dissolution bill of the company had passed the House of Commons without alteration, and stood last evening for.the second reading in the House of Lords, and would no doubt be passed. Mr. Fisher and Mr. Newton proposed a resolution, hoping that the Lords would throw it out ; those gentlemen themselves only voted for the motion ; there were 16 against it. INCREASE OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC.—The traffic re turns on the railways in the United Kingdom during the first half of the present year amounted to £4,477,000, and the number of miles open at the end of that period was 3,830, giving an average return of £1,169 per mile. For the corresponding period of last year the traffic returns returns amounted to £1,002,740, and at the end of :that time 3,150 miles were open, giving an average of £1,270 per mile. It shows that while • the mileage was increased nearly 22 per cent., the traffic only increased 11.9 per cent. _ vv DREADFUL ACCIDENT. — On Wednesday, an accident of a frightful character, and attended with the loss of three lives, happened on the Manchester and Sheffield Railway, about a mile and a half from Ashton-under-Lyne. A number of workmen being engaged to take down a tunnel at North-bridge, a short distance from Guide-bridge, were at work, when a workman of the name of Bromley fell in with the top of the tunnel. The barrow he was wheeling was smashed to atoms, but he remained unhurt. In a short time after, he was engaged with two other persons of the names of Law and Jackson, in excavating, when a large lump of earth, with stones, bricks, &c., fell upon them, and completely buried them alive. The rest of the men set to work immediately to clear away the rubbish. The poor fellows were dead when found, and presented a sad mutilated spectacle. GUNPOWDER CONVEYED BY RAILWAY.—It may not be generally known that large quantities of gunpowder are frequently and safely conveyed by railway, as much as 11 tons in one day ; and in the course of a few months above 100 tons of gunpowder have been carried on the London and North-Western line to Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds, and other places. The waggons in which the gunpowder. is conveyed are made expressly for the purpose. There are eight of these waggons on the London and North- Western Railway, constructed in accordance with the patent of Mr. Henson. The body of the waggon is formed with sheet iron on the outside ; the inside is lined with two-inch plank, between which and the iron outside a thickness of felt is carefully placed. These are screwed together from the outside, so that there is nothing but wood inside ; except on the floor which is covered with sheet-lead. The door fits close with a double rabbit, so that it is almost air-tight, and it is therefore impossible for for any fire to get to the powder inside the waggon. The axles are cased with wood. The comparative absence of the usual noise and vibration in the movement of these powder-waggons is very remarkable.—Herapath's Jrnl. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET MEETING. TUESDAY.—Tamarind won a Handicap Sweepstakes of 20 sovs each, beating Eothen and ten others.—St. Rosalia won a Sweepstakes of 100 sovs each, beating Banshee and Chawryddes.—The Flying Dutchman won the July Stakes of 50 sovs each, beating Sister to lodine and six others. —Radulphus wen a Sweepstakes of 10 soya each, beating lapis and Tophana.—Matches : Festus received forfeit from Maiden's Blush, and Querida from Harkaway. WEDNESDAY. — The Flying Dutchman won a Sweep stakes of 100 sovs each, beating Cracow and Chicot.—St. Antonio won a Sweepstakes of 10 sovs, beating Passion Flower and two others.—Epirus won a Sweepstakes of 10 soya each, beating Caesar and six others.—Sotterley won the Town Plate of 50 sovs, beating Swordplayer and two others.—Tufthunter walked over for 50 sovs.—Match : Miniver received forfeit from Francesca. THURSDAY.—Vanguard won the Grosvenor Stakes of 100 sovs each, beating a colt by Cotherstone.—St. Ann won a Handicap Stakes of 15 soya each, beating Carrissima and five others. —Farthingale won the Chesterfield Stakes of 30 sovs each, beating Czarina and eight others.--,Match : Circassian Maid beat Touchy.—Kangaroo won a Sweep stakes of 10 sovs each, beating Coronet and other. — Match : St. Rosalia beat Jereed. LIVERPOOL RACES.—The number of acceptances for the Liverpool Cup amount to twenty-one. Lord Stanley is the new steward of the Jockey Club in the place of Lord George Bentinck. THE GENTLEMEN OF KENT V. THE GENTLEMEN OF ENGLAND.—This grand cricket match took place on Mon day and Tuesday, at Lord's, the result of which was that England won by five wickets. GREAT FEAT OF LEAPING 1000 HURDLES IN THREE .HOURS AND A HALF.—The above extraordinary feat, un dertaken by Robert Coates, of London, came off at the Red Lion, Knowle, near Bristol, on Monday. The hur dles were of the usual height, and placed at ten yards apart. Ile started at five minutes to five, and jumped the first 300 in fifty minutes. The fourth hundred was done in 161- minutes ; the fifth hundred in 20 minutes ; the sixth hundred in 241 minutes ; and the seventh hundred in 22 minutes. At the 752 d leap he was again obliged to rest, showing evident marks of distress ; but having taken a cup of strong tea, he again started, saying he felt con fident of winning. The eighth hundred was done in 37 minutes. During the ninth hundred, which was finished within the third hour, he shewed such evident signs of weakness that many thought he could not finish his task within the time, but having again refreshed himself with strong tea, he accomplished this, the greatest of modern feats, in 3 hours, 19 minutes, and 20 seconds. A few days since, a boy about fourteen years of age, who was fly-fishing in the river Greta, near Bowes, caught 104 trout during his day's sport. Two fine young golden eagles were lately captured near Tongue, Sutherland, and have been sent alive to a gentle man in the neighbourhood of London. 227,377 2,815,086 227,377 ear .. X` 5. 2,587,769 July 11, 18-IS, CORRESPONDENCE. vaig ) TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STAIT f SlR,—Unwilling to trespass on the " e t. editors of the Mercury, I ask the favour of beingi3,o mitted, through the medium of your widelY; cil le paper, to rectify some of their misconceptions in I°4o marks they made on my letter of the 15th ult., appeared in the Mercury of the 4th inst. • dig They assert that my reasoning, that no e • e n vl better than secular education not based on ChriOrefe, struction, is equivalent to saying that no bread is f or e rable to half a loaf ; but this illustration is. not vi priate. The, comparison should have been be, r. 0 0, stone and bread, not between no loaf and illat.,o l Mere secular education is the stone, which the edil l the Mercury prefer giving their fellow-men to ne tion at all ; whereas Christian instruction i s the et o that came down from heaven and nourishes untcl.tbeql life. If Ido not give a starving • man bread, is l i v to give him a stone ?—or rather, if I do not still' with food, is it better to administer to him poison. oil These gentlemen suppose that the inhabitialtsso island instructed by philosophers, mathematicia ns, $ nomers, anatomists, and botanists, and havi n cti press, &c., would more readily receive Christialats;di the men of another island, who were totallY aced who cracked children across thei r k n ees, suel" - . 1 4 blood to slake their thirst, and then devoured they, to satisfy their hunger ; but this supposition great ignorance of human nature, and an overslq facts. Had not the Greeks and 'Romans a O l O OO, :)hilosepliers, mathematicians, astronomers, t u r,.,tioo: and botanists ? and had not the Chinese, in au,"; these, a free press-? But did these nations reee' c '; f ilf tianity more readily than the untaught and tat o , " heathen ? Certainly not. The Gospel was ta t '', learned, civilized, and polite Greeks, foolishnesllso, Rome Pagan, as well as Rome - Papal, was an",i ; ? greatest opponent and enemy Christianity ever l'a i ` in !! as it was formerly, so it is now. For one 13rah u mi, for one Chinese converted to Christianity, tea and ten New Zealand savages have been made a censured vfeorrt assertingto Christ. salvation. Just in proportion as you spoil a ham - P hum e rutty m o f severelym akih g him through philosophy and vain deceit, so increases idolators, and they are defended from the c harge b ,V, said no more to worship images than Protestants tl fo o.', the Tractarians) do the pictures in church-wia'"dck than I do the Royal arms of England set up inch ,soo'' This is a very poor apology. Neither 'do I P9 0 " a lle; that PaP i leit i Protestants ever make use of the Royal arms of or the pictures in church-windows, as coadjuvae ts t i, devotions ; but Papists do avowedly, and VI c if silently, make use of pictures, and especiallyjbeyl fixes, as helps in their devotions to God. 1,0 , , therefore, an image, graven by art and man's wc i trst;; the exercise of their religious worship; and so tb el g e,,, e l greys the second commandment, and cannot e se- bir j charge of idolatry. Besides, they actually vee r t l io nv o host, which constitutes a grosser act of idolatry oa de it , ever practised by the heathen. An attempt i u pold relieve transubstantiation from the pressure I lail ist ch by an insinuation that the catechism of the , England asserts the same thing as the Church ash on this subject ; and the question is tritunphaate,esfoi " Have words meanings ? ' I reply that they is os ocil. cially those composing the constitutions of the C but t ; Trent, and pretty heterodox meanings they W e o ' i the• d , words of our catechism have meaning- perfeetld i e s i and plain. It asserts that the inward part or A ' bloo' ke s nified by the bread and wine is the body an d te' h st Christ; and these certainly are verily and et , st' and received by the faithful in the Lord's SaPP„„al 0 1 ,61 how are they received ? Doubtlessafter glir"" (1 5 " a A r i ner ; that is, apprehended by faith as bruise" sf; e 4 -he for the remission of sins. They cannot be tak e n. carnal manner, for they are not here kut in heaLiCh r ' e j l Church of England says that the body and 1 , 1 00 " - CO r is are verily and indeed taken and received, but tb.e i ,•6l, 0 , of Rome maintains that what is taken and rec`losted the Lord's Supper, is the bread and wine trat f oll j o t tiated or changed into the substance of Christs e by t h i 5 blood—yea, more, his soul and divinity! I , ler st bic t i i e corrupt church destroys the property of a b0a,',.00 of to be only in one place at one time, and overt-0.40;00 nature of a sacrament, which is a sign of ° n il , vrithr,,e. invisible reality, and makes the infidel eel the the believer a partaker of the body and blood esr hive I ! I do not call Papists idolaters out of any ill to 03° I° them, but from a desire 'of provoking. them f God' the their principles and test them by the Word 'I, 41 0 , 4, using crucifixes in their devotions, in Nver s ' t he s't s of host, in invoking the aid of the Virgin Mary , . bat ' h ole and .angels, they do not intend any idolatry' t he °", e .4 that though they do not intend idolatry bike acts, they are nevertheless guilty of it by afloPoo declaration of the Scriptures, which, if they w ere d to search without a license from the church a!_ , vir e ir Douay notes,—to search, I say, as God gave t e _ to f!j A . out note or comment, they would not wrest t destruction, but read them unto edification et,7" a l I remain, sir, your faithful servan_t_,,,,,(o. SAMUEL FEIN • Wavertree, sth July, 1848. INSTANCES OF THE ORIGIN OF TYK,} l ,,i-JP,rO FROM DEFECTIVE SANITARY COINI" BY GEORGE C. WAESON, m.o.7trvEliretre Persons who have not had their attention pee n ' ‘ ,"4 rected to sanitary investigation are led to call in :4 0 I p the possibility of typhus originating from FPeci" bet. causes, and well marked cases in which there can reasonable doubt on the subject, are therefore "coffj The causes to which typhus is usually ascribed sr e . , o f, cell o r gion, cold, defective food, bad clothing, depres - or 13 ' condition, and other similar circustances. 09e f ee!: andos uf such m e c s ae e ud iseas acting mare t en o : p e w : ti e oo r s oe w v i ea l rt l ltoe onkt unquestionablyiooitlhers ocipur?Pflyi, direi ,not superior, importance. The instances is e f" to call attention occurred in a family where ther.,`sS ,1 00 contagion, and where the physical and moral conneirecti the inmates was as good as need be, except in ° cular, and we shall see the result. In one of the airy, open thoroughfares , leadll4,, cle4 Liverpool, and at the corner of a street, stanasf;ba!eft well-ordered house and shop, in the occupation Clbey B ad The family were temperate and industrious, fed de`. w th e e l i i r house othed i , n a t n h d e b b e e l s o t n condition, get they up eri were.giyo noe f tr o r ot i l e o people. The house, in short, was apparentlY f e- last which typhus would have chosen to visit. ' o f ipso° assert confidently, having had ample'experie ne , s ,th at ver localities of the town ; and I may also O w It baking of bread was not done on the premisc, s 'boa se t liou s Let us next examine the topography of this" pop o oh stands on the slope of a hill, and there i 9 u 9 t i e be f " neighbourhood higher up, part of which, wit'thel s ` ) ticti itself, as I have been informed, is built over loefroo ' an old stone quarry, such as still exist in soul s d roes k od These quarries are usually filled up with ir s n a,ot'f, stone and other matters when as much has b ee iol ° :e° l them as will pay the cost of quarrying. Therdriiil g rios 4 quently form receptacles for the accumulate' ocl l n t I n s the cesspools of houses built upon their sites, and s ite s , no doubt such would be found the case in tr tita l e stance, for there was no other drainage at t. t : ti e lice" t ie° 4 ' fever broke out. The streets in the Zeigh"""f i r •on',:fs' no drain of any kind ; and all the fluil refus s A i tl"; 0 5 1; and also from a shippon, where cattle are heP"The Poll the house in finding a lower level for itself . la tetl' o o t ' t quence was that a great deal of refuse acetiu lu tbe t ie': gutters and holes in the paving, and at &lid lit bo o,' was horrible beyond conception. Scavenging, n eie f i n t P ; it, because of the want of sewerage • and W e were constantly complaining of the nuisarlb-sc9( to house in question the evil reached its climax , ° • o tr ing a corner house, it received the contriberoll whole neighbourhood as they passed it. Th e „ 9 ,lo l 4 . a t 34 ' house compelled the inmates to have the „ day and night, and to burn gas, in the vain td k stroying the odour. Jun e Such was the state of matters when, in J . ° t il e j 000 brother of the occupant was seized with sPl 3 , t %af e 4 Everything was done that could be done $ 0 . w ho but in three weeks he died. h ere In the following September, the other brot,wijorly; married, and who occupied the house, V ,39 fected. He was a man in the prime of life tio n, f v, e and was exposed to no other cause of feast ° mentioned. He was watched with the n l° ,i c tiol i 4 3 e‘ 1 , 1 ) care ; but in fourteen days he, too, d ied a infringed majesty of one of the organic la ws e c - e , ft,o the Creator for the regulation of His u niser- of ce r 4 widow and one little child as living witnessl s e 0 ° , 1 4 Now it appears to me, that in this case , Pilad w il j between cause and effect was just as welk_i l l e ver, ll ,oo is or can be in any vital phenomenon wie t bese t ° ,4 t'l 4 to deny or doubt the conclusion, that hot" jos cut off in their prime by the violation of the is t Of existence, (not by themselves, but by otherfs',/oedicr the whole evidence on which the fabric ti ence rests. The Court Royal family L...----------- ~,. • C rhea o mve U ai ß tnask T einn A tt N hoew D irn 11, 1 1 cca i I nusd S tH he r e 0 _ri 00 ; s ....._ r a v: li' l lace, a state ball, which was very • g Ir/ -----__*-- biuS j‘ 4 cise since our last. th , o kiug tt 0 4 The Queen gave, on Wednesday, st mThslY 11-e the invitations exceeding eighteen bunclVdc'olirelkn,Yjiit ing the members of the Royal FamilY, the {or t'Lid,o! andforeigners of distinction in this c° l l.fausnl:"lli i matic_ corps, the Ladies of the Queen's o f the 0 1 t ri °Seers of State, and the principal Offieersa o ics o fil l ' l t hold of her Majesty and Prince Alber, an ore _ 4 1) 6, nobility and gentry in town. The Qu een a na g - , ci 0 ,, ,, crape dress, trimmed with white bugles, 0 0 0 to." crape and frosted leaves, the whole of Brills,' Viler P:,l her Majesty's headdress to corresPninu'e - erslr t e' r highness the Duchess ofK w ore a u ' a-k i n d- ' • Kent The -i e feP t over satin, trimmed with bugles. •••- w hits , 4 1 4 black lace, ornamented with and bugles• ar,l,',, all the articles of British manufacture. „j 10 , D e i; , Lady Charlotte Egerton is activelY.engl boll, l ilt s ing a " Lace Quadrille" for her I\lajestY! of t i l e tinguished feature of which will dresses fore' i taking part therein being attired i n ,_. v 4 1 / elusively of lace of Nottingham manufactu.r.,,o ,ur.)s Prince and Princess Metternich received ,f: J . ," pour° , ; 0 09' Wellington, the Marchioness of Countess of Wilton, and a select pall , n n. A at their residence in Eaton-square. ef, 0) Ane........1M1M1RS 7 de It! "el A FRENCH MARC'S NEST.—The fottrili`e yasle, Pp) states, as a fact which can be proved , bY, I _, ( WIT the inhabitants on the French coa that be v ' if, days preceding the recent insurrection r at plai , ,•dii and cutter, belonging to the British " °) A rtrn en ls l nuraero—na covotoe. ceased to cruse along the coast of the deli fro north, the Pas de Calais, and the SornMel to Treport. Jul) ..,--.