The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-01-26 00:00:00

eCONTE2IIPORARY PRESS. LORD DURHAM. ( From the Morning Herald.) Up ii;the very moment of the re assembling of Par. liament last week, ninety-nine persons in every hundred of those who had given the matter a thought, imagined, we will venture to say, this nobleman to be still, nomin ally at least, our ambassador to the Court of Russia; and that he had returned home on leave, merely to try his luck at a prize in the cabinet lottery ; in which hav ing failed, we might soon expect to hear of his return ing to a post, which any man of the most ordinary judg ment and discretion must he aware, ought not to have been left for a single moment unoccupied. It now seems, however, that all this was a mistake—that Lord Durham's Russian embassy was vacated (and, of course, his salary ceased) from the moment lie left St. Peters burgh ; and it follows that our inimitable foreign secre tary considers it an appointment of no earthly conse quence, no one step having been, for six months or more, taken to supply the vacancy thus occasioned. In the mean time Lord Durham being, as they say, " at leisure," accepts a new appointment, and exchanges the frozen regions of the noriii for the not less wintry wilds of the west. Whether the noble lord will acquire greater fame on the St. Lawrence than his exploits on the Neva have yielded him, remains to be seen. He has at least this consolation and encouragment, that the effort to ac complish that need not be very great. The John Bull, in allusion to the honourable member for Kilkenny's Canadian politics, describes him as a per son " who. as the evening papers tell us, was, with two or three of his patriotic friends, expected one night last week on a visit to the Duke of Wellington—not at Wal mer, or at Strathfieldsaye, but at another of his Grace's establishments on the banks of the Thames." By the bye, the crowd assembled on Tower hill upon the occa sion in question, seems to have been brought together by a common feeling of probability—no bad guide on many occasions. One difficulty presents itself relative to Lord Durham's Canadian mission, which does not as yet appear to have been adverted to ; and it is, that it is most probable be fore his arrival there the whigs who sent him will be out of office. In this case what is to become of the high commissioner, commander-in chief, vice-admiral, &c. ? Surely all these high-sounding titles will not induce the conservatives to accept him as an heir-loom. Should such be the case has lordship's campaign, like that of a certain other great commander, will have consisted in " marching up the hill and down again." THE BALLOT. ( From the London Times.) Tie last argument we offer in condemnation of secret voting—its irreligious and immoral tendency—is one which we are quite aware will have little weight with the principal advocates of the project ; but it is just on this account that we press the argument the more ear nestly upon such men as Sir George Sinclair and others, who may be capable of appreciating its importance, and willing to bow to its authority. As Christians are enjoined to he patterns of every personal, social, and political virtue, so in the discharge of duty they are not only warned against yielding to the fear of man which bringeth a snare," but they are bound to " renounce the hidden things of dishonesty," and to let their " light so shine before men that others may behold their good works," and be instructed by their example. Now, without pretending to indite a homily upon this subject, we may be excused for suggesting that the exercise of cowardice or concealment in regard to any action affecting the public interests were to go directly in the teeth of these obligations, because, be the action good or bad, the cause of virtue must equally suf fer from secresy, being deprived of a salutary example in the one case, and of the means of exposure in the other. In all cases of contested elections the character and qualifications of candidates must necessarily be a test of the moral discernment and political integrity of voters. If a Christian, acting conscientiously, find it a right thing, to support or reject a pai-ticular candidate, (no matter whet her Mr. Pownall or Joseph Hume,) the in terests of religion, according to his own views, be he churchman or dissenter, conservative or liberalist, impe ratively require that lie should give an open testimony, in order that the distinctions between truth and error, wisdom and folly, morality and vice, piety and sectarian ism, may not be confounded and lost. Assuming, then, that every elector is desirous to give a virtuous vote for the benefit of the commonwealth, publicity is obviously essential for the hill accomplishment of his purpose. The secrecy of his suffrage would denude it of all the moral or exemplary influence that ought to attach to every virtuous action. On the supposition, for instance, that Dr. Pye Smith had possessed no means of recording in an open manner the conscientious vote which lie re cently gave in favour of Joseph Hume, it is evident that the excellence of Joseph's character, the uprightness of voting_that black is white, the propriety of designating a legislative recognition of Divine Providence as cant and humbug, the duty of encouraging the Canadians to throw off the baneful domination of the mother country, and the spirituality of establishing the ballot for the pro tection of perfidy and ingratitude—it is evident, we say, that had the Doctor's vote been a secret one, his high public sanction in favour of these matters, which he doubtless believes to be in accordance with the word of God, would have been lost; the world would not have had the advantage of knowing that Dr. Smith considers Joseph flume a better public character than Mr. Pow nall, and consequently more worthy of a Christianssup port and imitation; and the light of the Hoinerton Ga maliel would have been so prevented from shining, as neither to reprove the wickedness of the Protestant con stituency of Middlesex, nor to ratify the choice of the Popish voters of Kilkenny. In short, viewing Christi ans as " the children of the light and of the day," the ballot would manifestly restrict the operation of an im portant law of the Redeemer. Again : in whatever way the votes of electors may be actually given at the pricking-place, as proposed by Mr. Grote, no person can pretend that promises will not be exacted under the contemplated system as inexorably as at present. No device can possibly prevent this; and the same disability to withhold pledges, which is sup posed to be the bane of the existing plan, must be equally felt under any new arrangement, as long as the gentry shall deal with tradesmen, or let their farms to tenants. Observe, we are not now questioning the facilities which the ballot affords for breaking those promises. To the lovers of "the hidden things" of dishonesty" we may momentarily concede that its folds for covering them in thick darkness are impenetrable. But we are reasoning at present with religious men : and in reference to such persons, we are entitled to maintain, broadly and abso lutely, that whenever a promise is really given, they are bound at all sacrifices to fulfil it. We frankly own, how ever, that although there is no moral turpitude in merely asking a promise, there must be very serious guilt in giving it contrary to one's conscience. The utmost cir cumspection and independence should be exercised in listening to applications for a vote, and still more in fa vouring them. A high sense of duty should be the de termining principle in all such cases. The power of an applicant to injure a voter forms a cogent reason why the latter should not permit his conscience to be ensnared by a mere regard to his worldly interests. To resist every solicitation, threat, or bribe, is the bounden duty of every upright elector whose convictions of propriety are opposed to such influences. But w h e n once hi s pro mise is actually given, there is no conceivable plea that can justify its violation. The ballot may cloak his du plicity, and the confessional may pretend to absolve it; vet, as long as the " man that sweareth to his hurt and changeth not" is declared in Scripture (15th Psalm) to be an object of Divine approbation, it is plain that the rule involved in such applauded fidelity must be impera tive upon every professor of Christianity . and, cons& quntly, as no device can be found to prevent the asking and giving of promises, no expedient can be resorted to, consistently with religious principle, to secure impunity for their infringement. Finally, the ballot can be viewed by Christians no otherwise thin as a dexterous contrivance to protect a man's worldly interests at the expense of his integrity. We have already seen that the exaction and giving of promises cannot possibly be prevented. Now, an elector will either be disposed to vote according to his promise, or he will not. We therefore contend, that as in the one case there is no necessity for concealment, so in the other there ought to be no protection for treachery. A cowardly and mercenary promise is bad enough ; a base and skulking violation of it is still worse ; but an ela borate and legalized plan to facilitate such doings is worst of all : it is a systematic plot against truth and righteousness. If any serious person support the ball o t, whether churchman or dissenter, he is " doing evil that good may come ;" albeit, with the additional aggrava tion, that the evil thereof is as palpable as the good is doubtful, even were it fully realized. The way for religious men to test the thing is to take an actual case of every-day occurrence. Sir George Su-and -Su is a candidate for the suffrages of a large con stituency. Mr. Thingumbob, the boot-maker, a member of Shepherd's-market meeting-house, whose minister has refused to pay his church-rates, works for him. The ba ronet's committee beset Thingumbob for his vote, who, being anxious to keep both his customer and his consci ence, permits his name to be booked among Si r G eorge ' s pledged supporters. Nay, be must even enrol himself on one of his employer's parochial committees. He does so. He attends all its meetings, is privy to all its coun cils, busies himself in sending out circulars, and does all that any bootmaker can do in apparent furtherance of his patron's interests. But when the .day of balloting arrives, the unhappy tradesman's dissent gets the better of his honesty, and he blackballs the candidate whom lie has professed to support. The ethics of Shepherd's markk 'prevail over the morals of the 15th Psalm. If any Christian can either prevent this under the ballot system or vindicate it, we respectfully invite him to try his ingenuity : while, as such instances of dup would neither be accidental accompaniments of the plan, nor of rare and unusual occurrence, but would rather constitute its proper, inth - itable, atia intended ft uits, no thing more need be added to cons►gn it to toe loathing of every well-regulated mind. LIVERPOOL AIECHANICO' INSTITUTION. LECTURES ON ' On Wednesday se'nnight Dr. Kane delivered his fifth lecture. We saw, in the last lecture, that by the direct combination of sulphur with oxygen we can only succeed in uniting two equi valents of oxygen to one of sulphur, and that this product is sulphurous acid. When we wish to produce the body which contains the most oxygen united with sulphur, we are obliged to have recourse tc, indirect methods, and to supply the oxygen from other sources than atmospheric air or oxygen in a state of isolation. The discovery of sulphuric acid belongs to a very early period of chemistry, but it was then obtained in a manner so circuitous and exclusive as to prevent its general introcluctiou into the arts. If we mix with sulphur a quantity of saltpetre, and set fire to them under a bell glass, a rapid combustion ensues, and we find, as an experimental result, that the sulphur is converted into sulphuric, instead of sulphurous acid. In this way the manufacture of sulphuric acid wan carriedon formerly ; and when the fumes which arose were condensed in the water at the bottom of the hell, and the solution further concentrated by boiling, au oily-looking liquid was obtained, so oily as to have borne in commerce the name of "oil of sulphur, by means of I the bell." After a short time it was found to be identical with a similar liquid, obtained as oil of vitriol,under which name strong sulphuric acid is spoken of in commerce. When we consider the circumstantem under which the acid is generated in this experiment, we are led to a very simple and apparently plausible means of explaining its action. We conceive that by the burning o: sulphur in common air we have sulphurous acid, or sulphur combined with two equivalents of oxygen. Now when we reflect that there are few bodies which contain so much oxygen as saltpetre, or give it out so freely, it appears to us very natural that. the additional atom of oxygen requisite for the formation of sulphuric acid is derived from the saltpetre, and by this means we obtain the combination of sulphuric acid or sul phur in combination with three atoms of oxygen. Such was the theory to which chemists in the first instance were led. The change which scientific opinion has undergone as to the forma tion of sulphuric acid deserves to be reinemberest and carefully studied, as an example of the consequences into which we may be led by listening to an argument which is most frequently made use of, that nature is always simple in her operations, and that when we are capable of seizing upon the principles which regulates the action of natural bodies on each other, they are the simplest that can be imagined, and that bodies always enter into combination on the simplest principles. You will see that the theory of the formation of sulphuric acid, as previously de scribed, is exceedingly simple—a quantity of oxygen passes from one body to another. Yet we find that the instant we apply ourself to the determination of quantities, it is necessary to abandou this simple hypothesis, and altogether to adopt one of the most complicated but yetone of the most beautiful theories of combination with which we are acquainted, iu order to solve the principle. There is nothing more beautiful than the study of this problem. Dr. Kane then exhibited an apparatus illus trating the intermediate phenomena which take place in the preparation of sulphuric acid, which are of so transitory a na ture as to escape observation under.ordinary circumstances, but which, by means of the apparatus used by Dr. Kane were self evident. It consisted of a woulfe's bottle, with three apertures, the one in the middle proceeding from the top of the bottle, open to the atmosphere, and the two others in the centre of the sides of the bottle having the necks of a couple of retorts inserted into them. Into the one retort was poured quicksilver and oil of vitriol, and into the other sugar and nitric acid. By applying a strong heat to the first retort, the quick silver is oxydized, and sulphurous acid flows into the Woolfe's bottle. The immediate result of the admixture of the nitric acid with sugar is, that by the application of a gentle beat, the acid is deprived °fa certain quantity of oxygen, and nitrous acid pass es into the Woolfe's bottle, which, by the addition of the oxygen of the atmospheric air which enters the woolfe's bottle by the central opening, is converted into hypo-nitrous acid. Now let us consider what takes place under a bell glass in which nitre and sulphur are inflamed. One part of nitre is used to ten of sulphur. According to the old theory, the oxygen was trans ferred from the nitre directly to the sulphur. Now, to form sulphurous acid, ten parts of sulphur unite with ten of oxygen. To pass to the condition of sulphuric acid, half as much more oxygen is required. Therefore, ten times as much oxygen is required to convert the sulphurous acid into sulphuric acid as the nitre introduced contains. This puts an end to the theory, apparently so simple, that the oxygen passes from the nitre to the sulphur. But what does take place, the portion of sulphur in contact with the nitre deflag rates, and is at once converted by combining with oxygen to the state of sulphuric acid. This sulphuric acid seizes upon the potash of the nitre, and there are generated those red fumes which we get in this experiment by another process. The nitre having been thus reconstructed, the remainder of the sulphur burns as if no nitre had been pre seut at all; but the nitrous acid formed mixes with the sulphur ous acid. If the fumes be dry. there is no action whatever, but if there be a small quantity of water, the two gases react upon each other, they combine with the water, and the result is a crystallized substance, which is deposited at the bottom of the vessel. This solid matter, by coming into contact with water, is decomposed. Let us consider for a moment the result of the admixture of the very small quantity of the red fumes with a large quantity of snlphurous acid gas. The red fumes must condense immediately a small quantity of the sulphurous acid to form a small quantity of solid matter, which it decomposed and gives back the nitric oxide, which, taking a fresh supply from the atmospheric air, again seizes upon more sulphurous acid, is again precipitated; and, it, to practice, this process could be carried on without loss, we should find that a grain of nitre might, by a series of successive reactions, convert into sulphuric acid 1000 tons of brimstone. The nitre does not acidify the sulphur by yielding to it itsown oxygen, but,by a sort fo carrying trade, transfers from the atmospheric air whole car goes of oxygen gas to the sulphurous acid, which, by itself, would be incapable of uniting with it. We here see the opera tion carried on in glass vessels, but practically the operation is carried on in a different way. Instead of a bell glass, we have a great number of leaden chambers, the bottom of which con tains water. Oil of vitriol cannot be obtained in a concentrat ed form by this process. The concentration is, in the first in stance. effected by expelling the superfluous water by means of a retort of lead. But as the oil of vitriol becomes stronger, its boiling point rises until it nearly reaches the boiling point of lead. It then becomes necessary to carry on the concentration to the full extent in vessels of glass or platinum. Tne latter, notwithstanding its expense, is preferred, the breakage of glass being so enormous. On the Continent the sulphuric acid made in these leaden chambers is spoken of as English sulphuric acid. Its usual density is about 1.815. It has a peculiar oily feel, and! is intensely corrosive. The corrosive properties of sulphuric acid, generally speaking ' depend s upon t h e a ffi n i ty w hi c h it possesses for water. If a small quantity of thread be placed around a vessel containing sulphuric acid so as to press small pieces of phosphorus jto the surface of the vessel, the heat generated by the admixture of the water with the sulphuric acid will be enough to infla me t h e phosphorus. W hen bo ' dies combine with very great energy, the consequence is, the evolution of an intense degree of heat. Sulphuric acid is corro sive to organic matter in consequence of its intense affinity for water, as it not merely possesses the character of uniting with water wherever it finds it, hut wherever it meets with a body possessing in its composition the constituents of water —it not only seizes upon the water :it may possess already formed, but it always breaks up the arrangenieuts of that body to re-arrange them so that the elements may combine to form water. Thus, if a small qu an ti ty of sugar b e mo i st e ne d w i t h water, and a small quantity of sulphuric acid poured upon it, the mixture becomes black, and effervesces so violently as to raise the mass to a considerable height in the vessel containing, it. Sugar is composed of 12 equivalents of carbon, 11 of hy drogen, and 11 of oxygen, Now as one atom of oxygen, and and one of hydrogen will form water, the whole of the oxygen and hydrogen of the sugar combines to form water. Sugar does not contain so much water, but the sulphuric acid breaks up the constitution of the sugar, and we can obtain the carbon perfectly free, as from wood. All organic substances contain carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, therefore if sulphuric acid is thrown upon the body of any individual, it reacts upon the skin as upon the sugar to form water, and as sulphuric acid always causes heat when it unites with water, occasioning the intense burning feel which accompanies its action. Sulphuric acid has been taken as a poison, in which cases the interior of the sto mach is converted into a black substance or carbon. The soapy feel of the sulphuric acid arises from the commencement of the decomposition of the skin. Our oil of vitriol is called the English oil of vitriol by the natives of the continent, to distin guish it front the German oil of vitriol which is manufactured in a different manner. Sulphate of iron is put into an earthen ware retort, and distilled at a full red heat. The copperas IS de composed, and oxide of iron remains as a brown powder in the retort and a thick liquid distils, over which is sulphuric acid of a dark colour. When exposed to the atmosphere this acid gives (sot copious white fumes, which the English oil of vitriol does not. On this account it is termed fuming sulphuric acid, or Nordhausen acid, from the town in Hanover in which its manufacture is carried on. When this acid is used it gives out copious white fumes, which is sulphuric acid free from water. Now this dry sulphuric acid is volatile, and its vaponris colour less, but it has such a powerful affinity for water that it unites with the moisture usually floating in the atmosphere. Sul phuric acid is one of the strongest bases we know of; if a drop of it he mixed with a large quantity of the infusion of red cab bage it changes it to a red colour. 'File red cabbage infusion is one of the most delicate tests for an acid. The acid proper ties of sulphuric acid may be rendered very evident by takiu a few pieces- . of - well - burnt Time and placing item in the neck of a retort containing some of the German oil of vitriol, By apply ing a heat the dry sulphuric acid will be disengaged, which will combine so powerfully . with the lime as to raise it to a red heat, and present a cumbustion as intense as that of lime and oxygen. Combustion, in chemistry, is independent of any particular body; thus, in chemistry, sulphuric acid, is towards lime, just as much a supporter of combustion, as oxygen is to iron wire or' a candle. Sulphutie acid is characterized for its affinity for bases, and with some of these bases it forms some compounds which are sparingly soluble or insoluble in water, which we make use of as test for the detection of sulphuric acid. Upon i adding a solution containing barytes, to a solution containing a few drops of sulphuric acid, we immediately get a white pre cipitate, which is a combination of sulphuric acid with barytes, and a perfectly insoluble salt. If we take, in the same manner, a quantity o f liquor, containing souse sulphuric acid, and add to it a selutiou containing lead, we get a copious white pi eci pitate consisting of a combination of sulphuric acid with oxide of lead. These tests are both of extreme delicacy, and by their means, an exceedingly small quantity of sulphuric acid may be determined. Sulphur unites with hydrogen in two proportions, one of which is gaseons and the other liquid, the gaseous substance is well known by the name of sulphuretted hydrogen, and the other is the bi sulphuret of hydrogen. We shall only occupy ourselves the gas, as the other is of no importance. -Sulphur etted hydrogen is not an uncommon natural production. Am monia has been dttsciibed as the result of the decomposition of animal matters. Now there are a great number of animal matters which not only contain carbon hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, but also sulphur. One of the most remarkable in stances of this is the yolk of an egg. Sulphur has the property of combining with metals and blackening them, this is the rea son why our silver spoons are tarnished when employed for eating eggs. If we leave the yolk of an egg to itself, after the chick has died the law of vitality ceases and that of chemistry conies into its place. Putrifaction ensues and the consequence is that the sulphur unites with the hydrogen in the yolk , and we have sulphuretted hydrogen, which is the gas to which rotten eggs are indebted for their disagreeable odour. We can get sulphuretted hydrogen in a variety of chemical ways, of which two are interesting. If iron is heated with sulphur, it combines with it and forms sulphuret of iron or iron pyrite. When this is heated with sulphuric acid, decomposition ensues, the oxygen goes over to the iron and the sulphor unites with the hydrogen to form sulphuretted hydrogen. The other method is by treat ing sulphuret of anion - oily with muriatic acid, when the chlorine will unite with the antimony, amid the hydrogen with the sul phur. Sulphuretted hydrogen is 'absorbed by water, and it is consequently not collected over water. It does not differ much in weight from atniospLetic air, amid therefore cannot be ob taiued to the manner adopted fur sulphureous acid or am moniacal gas, it is therefore collected over brine. When collected in this way, it is a colourless gas quite transparent. Its odour at once recognises it. It burns with a beautiful blue flame ; but as the hydrogen barns with considerable rapidity. a considerable, quantity of sulphur is consuined, but by allowing a considerable quantity of atmospheric air to Le mi it before coin tistisu, the whole is burned with a beautiful vioiet-coloured flame, ilplrogen has a much greater affinity for chlorine than it has for, sulphur, and the consequence is, that vt lienever chlorine is presented to sulphuretted tivdrog•cii the hydrogen leaves the sulphur which is then deposded and unites with the chlorine. This is a test in the analyzation of sulphuretted hy drogen; and it is also used to free the air of any of it which may be present. For this latter purpose it is exceedingly im portant as sulphuretted hydrogen is highly poisonous, and many persons have met their death through inhaling it. Sulphuretted hydrogen can be recognised in a great variety of ways. It is soluble in water, and we make use of this solution iu the labo ratory for the purpose of detecting metallic bodies with which it fortns a number of salts; the sulphur acting upon the metal and the hydrogen upon its oxygen. S o l ut i ons contain i n g lead are immediately blackened by the addition of a solution of this gas, so that adulterations of lead in different liquids may be readily detected. If we add the solution of the gas t o a solution con , taming corrosive sublimata it is immediately turned black. It is one of the best tests for quicksilver that we have. If we add it to a solution containing arsenic, the latter is instantly ,preci pitated as a yellow powder,—th e or pi men t o f com merce. tar emetic is distinguished by the dark orange-coloured precipi tate which sulphuretted hydrogen causes. By means of such a number it characters, sulphuretted hydrogen is a very easy sub stance to distinguish, and we have no difficulty in detecting Its presence. The next substance to which it is necessary to direct our at tention is one of the most important, considered both in a theo retical as in a practical point of view. lit is the substance called chlorine, which was by its discoverer termed dephlogisticated muriatic acid. It got this name in consequence of the remark able view which its discoverer entertained, that the muriatic acid in the preparation of the chlorine was deprived of plogis ton. Phlogiston played the part of hydrogen, and we find that this idea of the discoverer of chlorine was correct, and that chlorine was muriatic acid deprived of hydrogen. AtA time when chemistry held the highest rank amongst the sciences, and engaged by far the greatest part of the scientific of Europe in ito study, a period of brilliancy which has never since been equalled, and perhaps never will, there existed in a remote part of Sweden au apothecary's apprentice, despised by his master and not thought any thing of by his countrymen, whose chemi cal studies were made by stealth in the back kitchen of his was tes's house. This man studied silently, and in one paper brought forward four of the most important substances with which chemistry is acquainted, viz: oxygen, chlorine, barium, and manganese. Unencouraged and 'uninstructed, and under cir cumstances the most unfavourable, Scheele raised himself to the rank of the first European man of science, and is an ixam ple to those who will undergo the labour of studying science. l'he name chlorine was given to this gas by Sir Humphry Davy, and it constituted likew:se one of the most brilliant departments of his triumphs. The original name given to it by Scheele was abandoned npon the announcement of the discovery which Lavoisier had made of the constitution of this gas, and the name of oxymuriatic gas was given to it. It was afterwards perceived nut to have any oxygen gas in its constitution, and chemists now adopt the original view of Scheele, changing the name phlogiston to that of hydrogen. It is only necessary to take any superior oxide which is capable of giving off oxygen, such as we use for obtaining oxygen, and pour upon it nauriutic acid, when the hydrogen of the muriatic acid will unite with the oxygen of the metal to form water, and the chlorine will unite with the metal. By means of heat the chlorine is disen gaged from the metal, and obtained for experiment. The black oxide of manganese is generally employed for the purpose of burning chlorine. This gets is neary two and a halt times as heavy as atmospheric air. It is collected over warm water or brine, as cold water rapidly absorbs it, and it unites with quick silver to form calomel. The name chlorine was given to the gas by Sir H. Davy iu consequence of its greenish yellow co lour. As the gas is exceedingly irritating to the lungs when inhaled, great care should he taken in operating upon this gas. Chlorine possesses a remarkable analogy to oxygen in its power of supporting co m b ust i on . If a piece o f paper is dipp e d • into oil of turpentine and immersed in chlorine it will be in ' flamed. The affinity of bodies for chlorine is at least equal to their affinity for oxygen, and in some instances much more so, the bodies burning spontaneously in chlorine where they require to be ignited to burn in oxygen gas. If the metal antimony, • or Dutch leaf, be dropped into chlorine, in a state of minute division, they are heated to whiteness, from the energy of their combination with the gas. MR LIVERPOOL STANDARD. GRAND JUNCTION RAILWAY. The following are the most important parts of the report pre sented at the first general meeting of proprietors of the Grand Junction Railway, after the opening of the railway for the conveyance of passengers, held at Liverpool on Wednesday the 17th instant. _ "The statement which the directors have to lay before the proprietors, at the close of six months' operations, will, it is hoped, be ound satisfactory and encouraging. " During this period, the income has been exclusively derived from the coaching business, which it was thought desirable to render in the first place as complete as possible, and to smite an abundance of engine power, before the carriage of goods was audertaken. This is naw nearly accomplished; and measures have been taken to commence the conveyance of live stock; and the merchandise business between Liverpool, Manchester, and Birmingham, will be begun immediately. This business it is intended to bring gradually into operation,, and thus ensure its effective and regular management. "The gloss receipts obtained from passengers and parcels only, and the conveyance of wails, have amounted to £116.740. lOs. 7d. a result which must be highly gratifying. The scale of expenditure cannot yet be completely tested, as applicable to the business when once in full operation ; but there is reason to anticipate, that it will be proportionably less than on shorter lines. "The additions which have been made to the engine power have improved the regularity of the trains. In the arrival of the first morning trains from Birmingham, some delays have taken place, caused by their waitin* upwards of thirty minutes, on the average, fog the London mails, which, for several weeks past, have not been able to keep their appointed time into Birmingham. With respect to the arrivals in general, although there has been reason to regret many disappointments, arising from various causes, some of which are removed, and others greatly diminished, it is on the whole satisfactory to refer to the fact, that of 1,600 first-class trains, 1,133 have kept time accurately; 1,193 have not exceeded thirty minutes beyond the exact time; and that, including all detentions whatever, the average of the whole is only four hours forty-five minutes, which is considerably less than one-half the time formerly occupied in performing the distance. "The state of the road is highly satisfactory; the only casu alty worthy of remark having occured to some land arche s in Arpley embankment, near Warrington, which were carried away in the unusually heavy flood of the 21st of December. Fora few hours some delays were hereby occasioned; but no stoppage was caused to the mails. and the communication was restored on the following day. Considerable progress has been made in re-laying the Warrington line with stronger rails, and this great improvement will be completed in a few months. " It is gratifying to observe, that not a single fatal accident has occured to any of the '232,202 passengers conveyed by this company since the opening ; and to know, that in case of acci dent, with the description of engine adopted on this line, the risk to passengers is reduced to a degree hardly deserving of consideration. "Although the receipts from travelling have, of course. de clined during the winter quarter, the amount of business in this period has been steady and profitable, and the ratio of de crease is less than might have been expected, from the experi ence of other railways. The directors have great pleasure in again calling the attention of the shareholders to the circum stance, that of the large number of passengers conveyed along the different pacts of the line, only about one-half pass through any one township; thus showing the great proportion of short fares and passengers from one station to another, which cannot be abstracted by any opposing line. "The arrangement with the frost office for the conveyance of mails having been found, on trial, not to afford an adequate compensation for the service performed, a new agreement has lately been made, the terms of which increase considerably the revenue from this source, without, however, exacting from the post office unreasonable conditions. "The accounts now laid before the meeting exhibit a clear balance of profit to December the 31st, 1837, of £56,035 10s 10d which will afford a dividend of £5 per share, leaving a surplus of £l44s,—if this appropriation be sanctioned by the meeting. The net profit for Sunday travelling amounts to six shillings per share ; and the directors would recommend to the proprietors, that any shareholders who may refuse to receive it shall be re quired to relinquish all claim to it afterwards, in order that it may be appropriated to charitable purposes." After stating the amount of money expended on "capital account," £1,607,490 Hs 9d. and the necessity of raising fur ther funds, either by loans or the creation of new shares, in order to pay off a balance due to the bankers, and to provide additional facilities for carrying on the business of the com pany, on the opening of the London and Birmingham Rail way, the report proceeds to consider the question of a new line of railway by Fidler's Ferry to Huyton, and says : "Looking at the delay which at times have already occurred to the trains, after leaving Newton, and to the accumulation of business on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, which must ensue, on the commencement of the carriage of goods to and from Birmingham, and on the opening of the North Union Railway, it appears to be a most desirable object to secure a communication free from the risk of impediment from the crowded state of that line; and effecting a saving in time, dis tance, and the expense of workihg, by shortening the lineseven miles, and by avoiding three inclined planes; and the crossing of several roads unprotected by bridges. To avoid the risk of delays from these causes is in itself, independently of any other, a most important object, and the question appears to be, only how it may be best effected. The directors are of opinion, that the line by Fidler's Ferry would be found the best practi cable measure for this purpose. especially if an arrangement could be made between the two companies, for an additional line or lines to Liverpool, fiom the junction at H upon. This plan, in the directors' opinion, would be mutually advan tagenus. "Most of the landowners on the projected line have refused their assent, except on terms to which the directors did not think themselves justified in acceding; but they expect that, taking into accounit the great public advantages of the measure, and that it will not in a single instance interfere with a private residence of any kind, their demands will not be sustained before a committee of the House of Commons. Opposition may alio be looked for from the town of Warrington ; ostensibly directed against any interference with the navigation of the Mersey, but in reality from an apprehension that the measure will deprive them of part of the accommodation they now enjoy. It will be for parliament to decide, whether this is a sufficient ground for requiring that all Liverpool passengers, including those proceed ing by steam boats to Ireland and Scotland, shall be carried round by the town of Warrington." A few days ago, an old soldier, proceeding from Dublin to London in quest of his pension, was landed here from oue of the Irish steamers, with both feet nearly destroyed by the in tense cold to which he had been exposed, having been nearly three days at sea, and with rare generosity given his cloak to a female similarly circumstanced. He was taken to the North ern Hospital, Leeds-street. We have since beard he is likely to recover. On Sunday, a man named Shipley, while intoxicated, fell from the side of a flat in the canal, striking his head on the quay in his descent. He was taken t6the Northern Hospital. Leeds street, where he died a few hours after admission. A labourer, named Roberts, was dreadfully injured on Wed nesday last. He had been attempting to place a support under the shafts of a cart loaded with hides, in Booth-street, and was overpowered by the superior curnhent weight; the cart's shaft struck him over the ankle, forcing the bones through the flesh. He was carried to the Northern Hospital, Leeds-street. We understand the Northern Hospital is so crowded with severe accidents. &c., that numbers of patients are daily refused admission, its officers being,• ohllgfd to reserve several beds, t o accommodate the severe accidents %%liich are contiuually ocvur ing. LATEST DATES AT LIVERPOOL. - From Direct. , Indirect. From Direct. Indirect. Calcutta .. !Oct ....10 Maranham Nov —.25 Bombay.... Oct ....25 N. Orleans Dec. ..13 Mauritius .. Oct ....17 . Mobile .. Dec. ..14 Ri,. Janeiro. N0v....11 Savannah . Dec. ..18 Bahia N0v....19. Charleston Dec. ..20 Pernambuco N0v....14 New York. Dec. ..26, LIVERPOOL AND MANCI - ESTER, RAILROAD. Times of Departure of the Coach loins for Manchester from the Railway Station is Lime-street. FIRST CLASS. • SECOND CLASS. Seven o'clock. Two o'clock. ftpast Seven. Three o'clock. Nine o'clock. Five o'clock. Ten o'cloCk. }-past Five. Eleven o'clock. Seven o'clock. Twelve o'clock. Seven o'clock N.B.—Corresponding Trains start from Manchester at the same hours. On Sundays, the only departures are,—in the morning a Second class Train at Seven, and a First-class Train at Eight ; and in the afternoon, is First-class Train at Five, and a Second-class Train at half-p ast Five. GRAND JUNCTION RAILWAY FROM BIRMINGHAM TO LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER. HOURS OF DEPARTURE AND ARRIVAL. ARIL I , AL AT FROM BIRMINGHAM. LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER. h. tn. h. In. First Class Mixed First Class ll 30 .. A. M ..... ... 41 3 .. r. First Class Mixed First Class FROM ARRIVAL LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER.. AT 11 IRMINGHAM. First Class Mixed First Class ll 30 .. /...m ......... 4 ''.o .. P. First Class Mixed - .10 15 .. 1 .. First Class' Horses and Carriages should be at the Stations, and booked Half an hour before the time of starting. On SUNDAYS the four First Class Trains only. with the addition of second Class Coaches, will start at the same hours as on the week days, hut will not take up and set down Passengers at any but the six principal stopping places. ThE ARMY. THE CANADIAN ARMAAIENT.—The in of cavalry destined for Canada are to be reinoun'ed in that country, Major Biggs, of the7th Hussars, accompanied by a veterinary surgeon, having received orders to proceed there, and select such horses as may be required for the purpose. The clothing of the Light infantry - regiments serving, or about to serve in Canada, is not to undergo any alteration, as reported. Neither the 15th Hus sars, ith Fusileers, our either battalion of the Rifle Brigade, are under order for America, as stated. The Ap alto troop ship is destined to convey out to Halifax some of the.drifts intended for restiments now serving in Canada. It is now currently re - - ported that the expedition intended fol. Canada will fall very little short 10,000 men. Had not events in Canada turned out as they have done, we believe itwas the intention of the Secretary at War to have propsed the reduction of no less than six regi ments—namely, the 9lth, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, and 93th. Au . act of madness bas satire(' us from this act of folly.— Times. Major General Sir J. Macdonnell, equerry to the Queen Dowager, has been offered the command of one of the divisions of the army to he sent to the Canadas, and it is understood has accepted it. The right hon. gentleman at present commands oneof the districts in Ireland. The . board of orddance has given notice that tenders will be received for supplying 2,000 shells to be delivered in the shortest time possible. Colonel Sir George Teesdale goes out in command of the three squadrons of the King's Dragoon Guards to Canada. THE 93d HIGHLANDERS.—The right wing of this gallant regiment embarked on Monday in the Pique fur Halifax. The volunteer companies of the 66th depot, which arrived in Fermoy on the 16th, marched on Tuesday morning for Cove. to embark forthwith for Canada. The men appeared in high spirits, and wore their white trowsers, although the weather was exceedingly cold! and frosty. This, it would appear, is in order to inure them to the severe climate to which they are proceed ing. Alaritv - .5. LIVEIIPOOT, CO UN EXCIIANGF. JAN. n. 8 ince Tuesday List the imports of Wheat, , Oats, Flour and 0 itmea 1 from Ireland, and of Malt and- Barley coastways have been t: ) a fair extent—cf4usidering that the winds have been easterly, and the. com munication with the country entirely stopped during the past week. The demand for every description of grain has been more ci,*eum scribed, although sales to a moderate extent have been effected at an advance of Id to 2d per 701bs. on Wheat, is per 2601b5. on Flour., and 6d per 24e1bs. on Oatmeal; for Oats, Malt, Barley, Beaus and l' ease, last quotations have been obtained ;—in all our country Corn ma.•kets a similar advance occurred on Flour and Oatmeal and on all Gra in— accessible for immediate consumption. The only alteration in the duties payable on Foreign Grain since Friday; is an increase on Rye and Pease of is 61 per quarter ; sev. oral small sales have been effected during the past week of the best .ie seriptions of Wheat in bond at 4s fid to 5s 3d, and the finest Wh ite Dantzic is now held at 5s 6,1 per 701 b ;—European sweet Flour in bond is now so scarce as to be hardly obtainable under 28s per barrel ; and fine foreign Oats in bond have found a little demand fur expinq at 2s 8d to 3s, and fine Dutch Brew would reach 3s 3d per 451bs. The frost which has uninterruptedly c•mtinued since the Bth instant - , with a severity to which we have been long unaccustomed, and with-- out any snow, in this district. was yesterday suddenly succeeded by a mild thaw, but even with a continuance thereof (which appears very doubtful) the Canals cannot be clear of ice for some days, we have in conseqnence experienced very dull sales at this day's market and to a limited extent; the above noted advance was not obtainable for Wheat, and barely supported for Flour and Oatmeal, and in the value of all other articles we make no variation since thi4 day week. vii;A;, ii iiii - a. d. a. d. INDIAN CORN, 49 . 480Ib. - English 8 4 0 9 6 ....lced Scotch Irish 6 4 8 6 BEANS, 41 , qr. Bonded 0 0— 0 0 English BARLEY. 4' qr. Irish English 34 0 —35 0 PEAS, Grey .... 29 0— 34 0 Chevalier 3ll 0 —37 0 White.... 38 0— 49 0 Scotch, de 60Ib 4 6 4 7 RAPESEED, iff last, £ Irish Foreign, in bond. 2 0— 2 2 Fine 35 ii —4B 0 OATS, V 15Ib. Irish English Scotch Irish 2 8— 3 1 Sour, bond.... 24 6 26 0 Foreign, in bond 2 0— 3 3 OteratEA 1., 4, 210Ib Ditto, duty free 32— 3 6 English 23 0—23 6 RYE, ctffqr. 32 0 —36 0 Do. new 1837. 24 0—25 6 MALT, 4, qr. fine 56 0 —59 0 5c0tch....... 22 0—22 6 Middling 46 0 —52 0 s,bipping Entelligente. TUESDAY, JANUARY 23.—Wind E. SAlLED.—Somersetsliire, Jackson, for Bombay—Clementson, New by for St Thomas and Lagnayra—Abercromby, Ure, for Charleston— Exchange, Atkins; and Due d'Orleans, Richardson, for New Orleans —Berwick. Chase, for Philadelphia—Fortuna, Kraemer, for Baltimore —Eagle, inch, for Gulf of Mexico—Frances, Armstrong, for St John Rosalind, Crouch. from London, at China Ilinda, Lowthian, and Formidable, Stagg, sailed from China for Manilla about 20th August Mary Kimball, Freeto, hence, at Havana Brunette, Fates, hence, at New Orleans Eliza Ann. Burgess, hence, at Mobile Sheffield, Allen, hence, at New York, 23d December Henry Pierce, from New Orleans for this port, al New York Concord, from ditto for ditto, was repairing at Key West 12th Dec Intrepid, Hunt, hence, at Newfoundland I lennetta, Grindray, from Kerteb. at Falmouth Thomas Carty, Kelly, from Demerara, at Plymouth - Royal William, from Smyrna, at this port Talma,—from London at Havana, with part of the cargo thrown overboard, having been on, shore. Portsmouthenee frit. New York, was spoken 18th ult. lat. 45, long. 55. WEXFORD, Jan. 21.—The Ann and Elizabeth, Lewis, from Cork to Cardiff, was stranded last evening at Came : one man drowned. WEDNESDAY, JANUARY V.—Wind E. very fresh. ARRlVED.—Helvellyn, 11PLean, front Valparaiso— D ish, Huntriss. from Pernambuco—and Leopold First, —, from Antwerp. SAILED.—SoIon, Wood ; lndepi -.deuce, Nve and Idea, Penning ton, for New York—Countess of Lansdale; arnome, for Havana— Thomas Bennett, Mayne, for Charleston—Hopkinson, Stephens, and Crusader, Wickman, for Bombay—Lord Glenei g , Simpson, for Lisbon —Ann IV. Jane, Cocks, for Berbice—and Union, Vander Heyde, for Ostend. Martha, Hughes, hence at Sierra Leone Charlotte, White, hence at Jamaica Aherfoil, Causzar, hence at Demerara Maria, Smith, hence at ditto, after being aground Robert Byers, Nichol, hence at St. Thomas in 36 days Echlington, from Jamaica, at Islay I idns, Kermath. hence at Pernambuco Firefly, Easter, hence at Constantinople Beiram, Woolner, from Constantinople, at Trebisond 16th Dec. and sailed the 21st for Odessa Hebden, Fowler, from Llanelly, at Smyrna Cartaretta, Warren. and Columbia, Sutherland, hence at Lisbon Pearl, Cove, from Gibraltar, at ditto Skeen, Boyd, from St. Domingo, at Portsmouth Reparateur, ---, from Charente for this port, is on,shore near Kinsale Hero, of Montrose, sailed from Cop iapo for Savanilla 24th Sept. Fanny Palmer. Caster, and Amphitrite, Davies, sailed from Smyrna the former on the 20th, and the latter on the 24th Dec. both for this port A great portion of the bale goods have been saved in a very damaged state from the B ride of Abydos, Carpenter, hence for Zaute, wrecked on the coast of Aveiro Lady Charlotte, hence for Lima, was spoken 14th Nov. in lat. 21 20 8, long. 30 W Louisa, ' hence for St. Lucia, was spoken 18th instant, in lat. 41 14, long. 11 2 6 THE SHORTEST PASSAOP. ON RECORD.—The Mary Queen of Scots, Ki Iley, hence at Pernambuco 14th Nov. in 30 days, having made the passage from land to land in 23 days Cumfavins, Jan. 12.—The frost continues. The Britannia and James Watt, (steamers) are frozen fast in the harbour. The river is a complete field of ice AMSTERDAM. Jan. 16.—The frost continues. The river is frozen over as low a Brielle ; there is .a good deal of floating ice in Helvoet Roads THURSDAY, JANUARY 25. SAILED.—Rapid. Fox, for Beirout and Alexandretta—March, Lawrie, for Gibraltar—George, Stothard, for Malta and Alexaadretta —and Ann, , StOrr, for Rio Janeiro, Off the Port.—The Siddons, from New York, packet of the Ist. Firefly, (steamer) from Alexandria, at Malta 9th Jan. with mails from Bombay 30th Nov. due in Liverpool next Tuesday I 0, Barnes, and Lima Packet, Cunningham, hence at Trinidad Victoria, Williamsdn, hence at Barbadoes Blucher, Heron, from Monte Video, ditto Achiever, Norrie, hence at Aux Cayes Dovecot, Thompson, hence and St. Thomas, at Port-au-Prince Monarch, , hence at St. Lucia Laurel, Martin, hence at Carthagena Elizabeth, Appleby, hence at Odessa Defiance, Rennie, cleared at Odessa for this port 26th Dec. Ocean Queen e, Carnie, hence at tienoa Titania, —, hence at ditto Ellen Highfield, Doughty, sailed from Marseilles for this port 16th January Dyson, from Valparaiao, at Kingstown Black-eyed Susan, --, hence for Constantinople, at the Cove, lost forestay, hobstay, and makes water in the topsides Moslem, from Leghorn for this port, off Gibraltar 6th Jan. The Druid, tug boat, returned to Liverpool this evening ; she had proceeded 15 miles beyond the Light Ship in search of the American packet. The captain reports that no vessels were seen in the offing, and that a considerable quantity of ice was floating in the Rock Channel. The wind outside is blowing strong from the eastward. Under all cir cumstances th e arr i va l o f the vacket before the morn ing's tide, may he considered very improbable. HOLYHEAD, Jan. 24.—T1,e William, from Dublin for Liverpool, ran on an anchor and bilged ;icargo discharging. The Tuscany, Free man, from Savannah fur Liverpool, is at anchor in Church Bay. The Bolivar, for Gibralt a r, must discharge. H.M. Steamer Avon, from Kingstown for Liverpool, put in here to-day for a supply of Coals, and being unable to make head way against the easterly gale LONDON PROVISION MARKET, JAN. 23. Irish Butter has been in good demand, at an advance on former rates of 2s. Foreign has been taken freely at fully ! former quotations, and in some instances rather more money has been obtained ; sales of floe descriptions made at 114 s. Bacon is still taken very sparingly ; but lower rates have not been accepted. In Lard the purchases have been limited ; prices much the same as previously quoted. India and Mess Beef and Pork in good request; the former at previous quotations; for the latter a slight advance obtained. Emporto. NEW SOUTH WALES. Helvellyn, (210) W M'Clean, from Sydney, N S W and Copiapo, with (fin Sydney, N S W) 132 logs cedar wood, Maser—(fm Copiapo) 32u t copper ore, 1 cse conts unkn, Order—P SOUTH AMERICA. Dash, (86) R Huntriss from I'ernainbuco, with 15 cs sugar, 379 bgs cotton, Order—P D UNITED STATES. Perdonnet, (473) N Tngersol, from New Orleans, with 1638 bls cot ton Baring Bros and co—W D Virginian, (593) J Harris, from New York, 512 bales cotton, Baring Brothers and co-33 du, Bancroft, Dentith and co-115 do, T and J Sands and co-21 do, II W Reirnes--55 do, J and S Cassin-63 do, T B Blackburne-400 brls turpentine, 3 boxes contents unknown, order —250 brls turpentine, J Eccles and co-600 do. Hagan, Magee and co —3O brls apples, Cropper, Benson and co-1 do, it Heywood-2 do, Shaw, Vance and co-6 do, the master-1 box contents unknown, Cropper, Benson and co-1 do, Jevons, Sons and co-2 do, H Castel lain, Sons and co-4 cases do, Phelps, James and co-1 brl 4ht brls do, the master-72 casks flaxseed, J Crowther-13,000 locust treenails, D Seldon—P D BRITISH AMERICA. Lockwoods, (872) W Lawton, from St John N B, with 219 ps birch and 1046 ps fir timber, 51300 deals, 21 c staves, 15 fins lathwood, 1 mast, J and G Lockwood—B D SPAIN AND PORTUGA L. Tavistock, (79) J Litton, from Lisbon, with 281 chts 199 hf chts 113 tixs oranges, Order-27 chts 28 hf chts do 2 hf chts lemons, Leech and Harrison-1 qr ck wine, H Austwick—S D EUROPE. - Leodold First, (124) M Pieneschke, from Antwerp, with 200 bls flax, 'Pennants, Moore and co-100 do, Parry and Crosbie-109 do, A Swainson-48 tbark. Order—Q D Phcenix, (209) .T 11 liunnemeyr, from Antwerp, about 170 tons oak bark, order-49 bales flax, Horner and Bell-100 do, Tennants, Moore and co—Q D AN ACCOUNT OF CATTLE, Imported into Liverpool, from the 17th to the 23d inst. FROM IRELAND. Cows. Sheep. Pigs. Horses. Mules. Calves. Lambs. 876 1159 3173 30 0 0 6 Previously.. 3751 3136 11467 41 0 13 0 COASTWISE. Cows. Sheep. Pigs.. Horses. Calves. Lambs, 96 4G3 607 I 0 0 Previously lll 3331 1492 • 11 27 0 PACKET GENER DESTINATION. Holland Hamburg & Swed Lisbon Madeira Spain & Gibralt .41m, Malta and Greece.. Egypt and India .. Madeira ..... • • Brazil & B. Ayres. America....... Jamai. L'ward 2 Isl. & Hayti Laguira Mexico and Ha- / vana f Jamai. L'ward) I Isl. & Hayti. Carthagena ALAIOUTH ST 'FICE.—Jan. 19, . Last Packets Sailed. BOATS.-F, AL POST-OF: Mails made up in London. Tues. & Fri. Tues. & Fri. Saturday - 8 .. 2nd Saturd. 4th Saturday Ist Tuesday each month.) Ist Wednes. Ist day of each month. 15th day of each month. 15th day of each month. Neptune, 1 . Jan. 15. Jan. 8. Dec. 25. B. Opossum, Jan. 5. Briseis.. Jan. 6. Goldfinch, Jan. 3. B. Sheldrake, Jan. 17. H.M.B. Pandora Jan. 17. Mon. & Thurs. Tues. & Satur. City of Londonderry,_ Jan. 28. 11.M.8. Tyrian Jan. 29. 11.111.8. Alert. Feb. 10. - H M.B.Skylark Jan. 26. B. Ranger, Jan. 22. B. Lapwing, Feb. 9. PREMIUMS OF INSURANCE AT L LONDON & LIVERPOOL, (Sailing before 12th J an.) to Jamaica Leeward Isl. Demerara & Berbice Honduras ••••• New York, Boston Charleston, Savannah New Orleans Havana Canada British North America Newfoundland Brazils River Plate East Indies __ 1 Ilth Jan, Company's Ships Batavia New South Wales Cape of Good Hope Africa Gibraltar Lima, Valparaiso, &c. Malta, Sicily, &c. Smyrna and Constantinople Malaga Madeira Western Isles, Cape de Verds Lisbon Cadiz France Holland Hamburg, Breinen. ike Gothenburg, Stockholm Petershurg., Riga. &c. Oporto Outward. 253 Oc Va 30: Oa 20 0-25 0 30 0--35 0 30 0 35 0 30 0-40 0 35 0-40 0 40 0-50 0 0 0— 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 43 0 '23 0 30 0 35 0 40 0 4 0 50 0 45 0 . 0 45 0-50 0 40 0-50 0 30 0-40 0 25 0-30 0 20 0-25 0 45 0-70 0 25 0-35 0 25 0 35 0 20 0-30 0 15 0-20 0 20 0-30 0 15 0 211 0 20 0 25 0 10 0 13 0 10 6 15 0 1 , . r, 15 0 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0-20 0 afterlstAug. Os oda Os Od 0 ')— 0 0 140 0 —l5O 0 20 0-25 0 20 0-25 0 51 0-60 0 100 0 --140 0 120 0 —l4O 0 120 0 —l4O 0 40 0— 0 0 20 0 -- 60 0 35 0— 0 0 40 0-50 0 45 0-50 0 45 0-60 0 40 0-60 0 30 0 -- 40 0 39 0 —l2O 15 0 -- 20 0 40 0 -- 50 0 20 0-25 0 20 0 -- 50 0 20 0-25 0 15 0-20 0 20 0-25 0 15 0-20 0 15 0-25 0 10 6 -- 15 0 10 6-- 15 0 10 6 -- 15 0 40 0 -- 50 0 45 0-81 0 , 15 0 -- 0 0 'ATION. 1837. Next Packet Due. ,OYD'S. LIVERPOOL PROVISION MARKET. JAN. 25 As we anticipated, the thaw has disappeared, and hoary headed winter again asserts his supremacy. All descriptions of Butter are held with firmness, but comparatively little buiiiiess is transact d in consequence of the inland navigation being imps-sled by ire, which prevents country dealers from doin„, ,, any thing. There appears to be an increasing disposition to buy Bacon. Other articles in the pro vision trade remain unchanged, either in price or demand. s. d. BUTTER.—Belfast 9B 0 4 104 0 per cwt. Banbridge . . 90 Coleraine... Sligo 9 Derry Limerick Carrick Kilkenny Carlow, Waterford Newry Cork dry 3d5... Do. pickled gds ... 94 Balm—New Prime Mess 92 Do. PORK BAco;; 46 Day Hk)IS WET Do , . 0 LARD.—FirEin Bladdered o 94 0 o 9.; o o 94 0 9•3 .) —'96 0 98. 0 • 102 0 • 100 0 • 98 0 • 94 0 o— 0 . 0 -- O -- 0 0 6 107 6 per tivret O 0 0 perharw. O 77 6 0. 50 0 per cwt % 0. 0 0 0 .0 U - 62 0 O 7J 0 LIVERPOOL .CATTLE MARKET, 4.1 , 1. 22, In consequence of so many ve;selsWot having arrived as were ex pected with Cattle, the supply has been very Small, and the quality not of the best, and the market has been much in advance for Beef from our last week's report. The supply of Sheep has also been very limited, without any variation in price from last week. Good Beef sold at not less than 6d ; middling s}d; ordinary quality 5d per lb. Good Wether Mutton sold at id • second quality and Ewes from 6d to 61d per lb. The market has been exceedingly heavy, there being but few country buyers present, and there were a number of Beasts and Sheep left unsold at the close of the market. Number of Beasts at market, 1006; Sheep 2112. LIVERPOOL AGRICULT s. d. s. d. Old Hay -0 901 011t201b 1 New llav 0 8 0 11 - Clovetliay 0 7 0 10 - Straw. Wheat 0 4 0 5} - Straw, Oat 0 4} 0 5 - Straw. Barley 0 3 0 4 --- "URAL MARKET, JAN. 25. s. d. s. Potatoes 1 ival 90th. Cattle Potatoes 1 4 1 6 - Turnips 18 021 0 per ton Carrots 3O 032 0 - blanglewurzle 0 0 (1 0 - Manure 7 0 8 6 - LONDON COLONIAL MARKET, JAN. 23. SUGAR.—This afternoon there was aniimprovement in the demand, both grocers and refiners purchasing, and'sso hlals. and tees. were taken, principally by the latter, and fully Friday's prices have been supported, the importers refusing to submit to any further reduction ; fine yellow Jamaica has yielded 675, and low, mid. Demerara 61s 6d to 625. The holders of Barbadoes have refrained from bringing any forward for public competition, and nothing is announced. MOLASSES.—In West India there has again been nothing done. COFFER.—This afternoon there was little business doing privately in West India, but in prices no variation has occurred. The only public sale was 36 bags Brazil, which sold at 42s 6d for the ordinary coloury, being its full value. Ceylon is in better demand for home consumption, and in some instances rather stiffer prices have been obtained, sales of ordinary privately at 80s. Rum, BRANDY and HOLLANDS.—Jamaica Rum has been mach sought after, and fully . former rates offered ; for Leewards there have also, been several inquiries, but transactions to any extent have been prevented by the scanty supply at market, and the purchases have been only 160 puncheon.; at Id advance on previous rates. In Brandy a fair business has been transacted, chiefly for home consumption, at former quotations. In Geneva there has been little stirring, but still prices do not give way. .English Corn Spirits as last quoted. Wool.—The market has been exceedingly brisk since our last report ; the demand has been very extensive and general both to sup ply home and export orders. TAccow.—Prices are not so firm as they were; the home trade have purchased sparingly, taking only just sufficient to supply their immediate wants, at 47s 6d to 48s for l'etersburgh Yellow Candle, of first quality. LONDON CORN EXCHANGE. JAN. 23. The thaw mentioned in our circular of Monday only continued till about ten o'clock that night. Yesterday, the wind having again veered to the north-east, a severe frost has again set in ; and with the exception of one cargo of heated Oats. which has come in from Ire land, not a single quarter of any other description of grain has arrived during the week, and to-day our market was very thinly at tended and very little business was transacted. Wheat in granary supported Monday's prices. In Barley there was..searcely any busi ness doing, and prices nominally as on Monday. A few small parcels of Oats in granary were disposed of at former rates; but as our dealers are waiting for larger arrivals it was impossible to effect sales to any considerable extent. In Beans and Peas there was no altera tion. CHESTER CORN MARKET-JAN. 20. --------- s. d s. d. Wheat, 751bs Ditto red Oats, 4611)3 Beans. 801hs 6 6 6 9 Grinding Barley, per 601bs 4 0 4 3 Malting Barley, 38qrs DUBLIN CORN EXCHA NGE, J. 23. The supply of all kinds of Grain continues very limited. There was a steady demand for Wheat and Barley. without any alteration from Friday's currency ; but Oats were dull, and about 3d to 6d per barrel lower : Wheat, white .... 30s Cd 0 32s Od I New Oats Bs 6d 0 lOs Cid Miller's red 2B 0 30 6 l Oatmeal lO 0 19 6 Inferior Oats Bere LIVERPOOL DISPENSARIES. Numberof new patients entered on the booksofiheDispensariestiuring the last week: North. South. Total. Received advice and medicine at the Institution, 253 216 468 Visited at their own houses and supplied with medicine, l9O 120 310 Total at each Dispensary 442 336 718 VISITORS. North—Rev. C. W. Lawrence, Rev. M. Fisher, and,liev. R. Croft. South—Mr. Jordan, Mr. T. Robinson, and Mr. J.. Cooper. LIVERPOOL TIDE TABLE. Days. Mrn. Ern. Ht. H. H. M. F. I. Tnesday 23 i 843 913 13 .1 Saturn rises 3h 13m. morn. Wednesday 24 940 10 6 11 6 ! Length of day 811. 24m. Thursday 25 10 31 10 56 1 16 1 , Conversion of St Pa u l. Friday 26 11 20 11 4 4 17 10 !Length of Night 151130 m. Saturday 0 7 18 10 Moon in Perigc , 2h morn. Sunday 28 030 053 19 10 r 4th Sunday after Epiphany. Monday 29 116 139 20 1 I Venus at greatest brilliancy. MEETINGS OF CREDITORS. JANUARY. anus 26. G. Dennistoun and R. Laird Clarendon Rooms, 12 26. Henry Conway, (2d) Ditt0........ 1 26. Peter Hughes, (2d) 26. Coupland and Duncan, (special).... Lowndes and Robinson, 2 27. William James, (special) F. Bretherton's, 11 31. John Slinger, (special) Feb. L.C.i Humberston and Co Clarendon Rooms, 1 LONDON GAZETTE.-TUESDAY, JAN. 23. PARTNEPSIII PS DISSOLVED. Dempsny, Benbow. and co. Liverpool, thnber-measurers—Aligno witz and Greetham, H a li fax , N ova S co ti a, N ort h America, and Liver pool, merchants—W. S e d gw i c k and A.Wilkinson , jun. Liverpool, brokers—Benton and Gilbertson, Manchester, silk-warehousemen= J. Mellor and H. Hunt, Stockport, cotton-spinhers—S. Walinley, J. Brydon, and A. Taylor, Manchester. engravers to calico-printers. INSOLVENTS. John James, Southampton-street, Stra• d, London, woollen-draper. Peter Woolley, Ross, Herefordshire, tailor. BANKRUPTS. John Henry Bunn, Spicer-street, Spitalfields, London, cabinet maker. _ Thomas Dewhurst, Manches:Pr, print. seller. Samuel Edmunds, Percival-street, Northampton-square, London; provision-agent. . . _ Alexandei Hawkins, Chisw , ll-street, London:ironmouger. Thu nes llellyer, St. John-street, West Smithfie:d, Loudon, general tool-warrhiluseman._ Charles Vincent Smith` and Robert Edwin Goulding. Tottenham. co ut-road, London, lingo-drapers. James Corneby, ('on ton, Hampshire, cattle-salesman.. William Green, Sheffield. ironmonger. John Smith, Leeds, joiner. Richard Stone, Thame, Oxfordshire, carpenter. David Taylor, Wike, Yorkshire, worsted-mannfaeturer. Thomas Weldeu, Leckhampton, Gloucestershire, brick-maker. DI VI DEN DS. Feb. 7, W. F. Evans, Millbank-street, Westminster, coal-merchant --Feb. 15, J. IL Miller, late of Newgate-street, London, but now of Mitcham, Surrey. seedsman—Feb. 15, J, H. Nainby, 128, Blackfriars road. tobacconist—Feb. 5, G. Stringer, sen. High-street, Islington,. furnishing ironmonger —Feb. 13, W. Wilson, jun. London, merchant —Feb. 14, W. Brock and B. Le Mesurier. arnford-court, Throg. morton-street, London, merchants—F e b. 19, J. Whittaker, Wortley, • Yorkshire, cloth-manufacturer—Feq. 15, H. Shelton, Syston, Leices tershire, shopkeeper—Feb. 16, E. Scott, Hillborough, Norfolk, miller —March 1, A . Jesse and W. T. Jesse, Bourton. Dorsetshire, tick manufacturers—Feb. 14, S. Hodgson and J. Wardley, Birkacre, Lan cashire, and Manchester, calico-printers—Feb. 14. J. Fewster, Myr ton, Kingston-upon-H u ll, b u ild er —F e b . 16 , W . D ean an d J. bean. Birmingham, timber-merchants—Feb. 14, G.F. Brazier. Leamington; Priors, oil and colourman. _ CERTIFICATES To be granted, unless cause be shown to the contrary, on or before an 13th day of February. G. Boughey, Bridge-street, Blackfriair, London, tea-dealer—J. Crane, Bush-lane, Cannon-street, and Haggerston-lane, London. var nish-maker—T. Gaunt, Upper Smith-street. Northampton-square, London, iron-master--E. H. Gough, Dalston-rise, Hackney, dealer in wood—J. Hall, Edgworth, Lancashire, and J. Wagor, Wirksworth, Berbyshire, calico-printers—J. Pett, Hampstead, builder—W. Smith, Cu rkfield, gossex. coachrmaste—T. Vowles, Yattou, Somersetahire, tai.lor—J . Wood, Bolton-le • Moors, Lancashire, collier. SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. _ _ Alexander Paton, George Peacock, and James Martin, Glasgow,,, co:• en-masters. William Glenny and co. Edinburgh, china-merchants. . PRICES OF SHARES. LIVERPO OL, JAN. 25. Last Prices This day's. RAILWAYS, &c. Per Share. Prices. Birmingham and Gloucester ' 19 109 ' 4 7 IS .... Ditto and Derby 2O .... 13 15 0 .... Birkenhead and Chester 5 ....a 4 5 0 .... Eastern Counties Edinhargh and Glasgow (old) Ditto ditto (new) Ditto Leith and Newhaven 3 .... Glasgow, Paisley, and Greenock 4 .... 3 9 6'.... 32 6 Grand Junction . 95 .... 227 0 0 .... Great Western Hull and Selby Liverpool and Manchester 100 .... 201 0 0 .... Ditto quarter shares 25 .... 48 0 0 .... Ditto half shares 2O .... 56 10 0 ...a London and Birmingham 9O ..., 163 0 0 .... Ditto new quarter shares 5 .... 27 0 0 .... 27 10 ' 0 Ditto and Southampton 5O .... 34 10 0 .... Ditto, new shares Ditto& Bright')n (United) 5 .... 8 0 0 .... 8 3 0 Leeds and Manchester l5 .... 20 15 0 .... Leicester and Swannington Manchester, Bolton, & Bury 74 .... 57 10 0 .... Manchester and Birmingham 7 ..... 8 0 0 .... 8 . 10 0, Midland Counties 15•.... 13 0 0 '4.4.6.10 13 0 North Midland 25 .... 25 5 0 .... South Eastern and Dover 7 .... North Union; (new) 2O .... 36 'o' 0 .... Ditto, (old) BANKS. Bank of Liverpool..... , ...... £l2 10s paid 24 2 8 .... -- Commercial of Liverpool It) .... 20 2 6 .... -- Liverpool Union lO .... 12 17 8 .... -- Northern and Central lO .... 3 6 0 - Albion 5 .... 5 3 6 .... United Trades' ditto lO 9 16 6 e.d. North and South Wales lO 9 • 7 6 of Manchester lO 1117 6 .... M'chester f, L'pool Dset 15 19 15 0 ... • South Larcashire 7 lOs 6.17 6 .... Borough Bank Commercial Bank of England S .... 4 15 0 .... East of England Phcenix. Bank... ...• 4 12 6 .... Royal Bank of Liverpool 500 625 0 0 Wilts and Dorset ........... .... 10 .... 10 7 6 ...: --- --- - OAS, WATER WORKS, &c. Exehanae Buildings. £lOO paid 161 0 0 ~.. L'poollk liarringtonWaterWorks2oo .... 450 0 0 .... Bootle Ditto . ....Stock .... 312 0 0 .... Liverpool Coal Gas Company.. Stock .... 353 0 0 ..•• L'lmot New Gas & Coke C0....£100 .... 196 0 0 ...i Ditto New sm, re ., ASSURANCE COMPANIES. Liverpool Marine Assurance C0.£25 paid ltl 2 6 .... Ocean Assurance Company lO .• •, 7 2 8 .... Liverpool Fire and Lite . . 2 10s. 2 0 0 .... i 2 6 DOCKS, FERRIES, NEW COMPANIES. Sze. Anderton Carrying Company.... 12 10s. II 13 8 ...t. Woodside Ferry 25 .... 28 3 0 ..., Egremont Ferry l2 10, •••• Rock Forry ... Steam Tug Company llarrington Docks GO .... 44 0 0 ..., Apothecaries' Company .... 210 0 .... JANUARY 26, 1838. MARRIED. On the 2d instant, at Lonaci,ikir. John Price, of Manchester, to Mary, second daughter of the late James Emmet. Esq. of Halifax, and widow of the late Mr. Charles Walsh, of the same place. Ou the 10th instant, at Edgbaston Church, George, only son of Bar tholomew Housfield, Esq. Cloug,h-house, Sheffield, to Maria, only daughter of Joshua Scholefield, Esq. M.P. of Edgbaston-grove, near Birmingham. On the 11th instant, at St. David's Church, Mr. Thomas Kind, sort of Mr. John Kind, Breck-house, West Derby, to Margaret, second daughter of the late Joseph 011iviere, Brq. of the Isle of Quatre, West Indtes. On the 13th instant, at St. Anne's Church, Mr. Joseph W. of Thorrington, Ess e x. mari ner . t o Mi s s wrighto n , e ldest daugh ter of the late Mr. Edw a rd Wrighton, tid e - wa it er , o f her Majesty' s Customs, at this port. On the 18th instant, at Prest w i c h Ch urc h, F ranc i s Di xon Jo h nson , Esq. barrister-at-law, to Apes daughter of Harrison, second Cooper the late John Greenwood, Esti of Polefield. Same day, at Manchester, James J. Graves, Esq. of Ilford, near London, to Miss Mary Barlow, daughter of John Barlow, Esq. of Ard wick-green. On Wednesday last, at St. Michael's Church, Mr. John Simon, Bed ford-street, Toxteth-park. to Miss Eliza Ellen Topping, of this town. On Wednesday last, at Aughton Church, by the Rev. W. H. Boul ton, rector, Mr. Richard Rigby, of this town, to Margaret, eldest daughter of the late Mr. John Pilkingtort, of Aughton. DIED. A f,•w dap) ago, suddenly, at Poulton-cum-Spittal, aged 84, Mr. Roger Kendall. . _ o'n the 2d instant, of apoplexy, the Rev. John Kendall, of Wrex ham. On the Bth instant, aged 23, Mr. Matthew Dowling, painter, of this town, much respected by all who knew him. Same day, at Edinburgh, the Rev. George Thomson. He was seve ral years tutor in the family of Sir Walter Scott. and, it need scarcely be added, is the individual whom he so frequently kindly mentions both in his letters and in his diary. Mr. Thomson was an excellent classical scholar, a very superior mathematician, and a man of un common general information. On the 9th instant, aged 63, Mary, wife of Mr. Ralph Newall, of Little Leigh, Cheshire. On the Ilth instant, at the Lodge, Overton Flintshire, Eliza Theo phila, fifth daughter of the late George Kenyon Esq. of Cefn, Den bighshire. same day, aged 40, Captain Hugh Boyle. On the 13th instant, at Chorley, aged 65, Nathaniel Brownhill, Esq. Same day, Mr. Richard Phillips, of Cadishead, near Warrington, aged 69 years. The decease,' was the principal engineer to the Mer sey and lrwell Navigation Company, in wh o se service he passed the last twenty years of his life, much respected by his employers. On the 14th instant, at her father's house, aged 34, Harriette, wife of \7 r, James Forshaw, and only daughter of Mr. John Mather, sur geon, Ashton-le-Willows Same day, after a few days' illness, Mr. Edward Cartwright, of this town. On the 15th instant, very suddenly, Mrs. Bland, the pleasing and, in her best days, very popular vocalist. She was the daughter of an Italian of the name of Romanzi, and was horn, say her biographers. about the year 1769_ She is said to have given very early indication of her vocal powers, her voice, while an infant, delighting every one that h .ard her, and obtaining for her, at 'the early age of fourteen, an en gigement pt th e Royal Circus, now the Surrey Theatre. Her singing, perhai , s uneci milled in the ballad style, soon brought her into good re pute. and to her being sought by Daly for the Dublin Theatre, where she acquired great reputation, both as an actress and singer. Her popularity led to her appearance at Drury-lane , on the 24th of Octo ber, 1786. where she succeeded effectually in pleasing the public, as the Page, in Richard Coeur de Lion. In 1769 she came to Liverpool, where she also became a favourite, both at the Theatre-Royal and in the Concert-room,and, in the seine year, married Mr. Bland, a brother of Mrs. Jordan. In the summer of 1791 she appeared at the little theatre in the Haymarket, as Wowski, in hide and Yarico, and re ceived tumultuous applause in the song of " Remember when we walked alone," giving to it, it is said, much greater effect than was im parted to it by the original sing-r, Miss George. She subsequently became the leading vocalist arid one of the principal attractions at Vauxhall, where, with the late Charles Dignum, her efforts must be 11 .'1 , 1 in pleasing remembrance. She continued her career with un diminished success here and at the metropolitan arid provincial theatres, until the year 1824. when declining health compelled her to forego her professional avocations. Same day, Mr. John Bellmount, marine-painter, a man respected by all who had the pleasure of knowing him. On the 16th instant, aged 74, Eleanor Baldwin, of Altringbara, relict of the Rev. John Baldwin, formerly, and for many years, the highly respected vicar of the parish of Bowden, Cheshire,whom she survived 22 years. Same day, at her house, Hill-street, aged 76, the Right Hon. the Countess of Essex. She was a Miss Bassett, the daughter of a former G ivernor of St. Helena, and married Mr. Stephenson, a rich West Indian, Shortly after that gentleman's demise she married the pre- Enit Earl of Essex, nud brought with her a forttine, of sixty thousand pounds, of which four thousand r-year was setned on her ladyship. Incompatibility of temper was assigned ns the cause of separtion. The noble lord is three years older, and enjoys pretty good health. On the 17th instant, aged 74, Eliza, daughter of the late Mr. Wm. Baldwin, of this town. On the 18th instant, in her 68th year, much respected, Margaret, the be wire of Thomas Worthington, Esq of INlosley-street, Man chester, and Sharston-hall, Cheshire. On Saturday l a st, a t M r. Know shoemaker. s on o f M r. W m. Lewin On On Friday l as t, age d 22 , Martha wife of Mr. Wm. Lewis, boot and Shaw Cheshire, in his 77 t h year, Mr. Joseph Davies. The honesty and up 'oB"obor.s°twre.y, 'near I;rnitsford, rightness of his Conduct commanded the respect of all who knew him, and his kind and affable deportment hail endeared him to a numerous circle of relatives and friends by whom his loss is deeply lamented. On Sunday last, awfully sudden, aged 54. as she was returning home from Mount Pleasant Chapel, Elizabeth, wife of Mr. George Corn.. forth, millwright, St inley-street. Same day, :wed 39 years, Mr. Thomas Longworth, architect and surveyor, May-place. On Monday last, aged 61, Mr. Wm. Birkett, mr.,ter porter. Same diy, aged 45, Mr. Humphrey Lyon. beadle. Same day, Mr. James II iggirson, tailor. Vernon-street, youngest son of the late Ni r. Joseph Ilizginson, formerly of Peter-street. On Tuesday last, at h liotty Ash, in his 70th year, Mr. John Pen dleton, fanner. much respected by all who knew him. Same day, at his house, in Abereromby-square, in consequence of the rupture of a blood-vessel, William Ripley, Esq. aged 46. Same day, in the aail yeil. of her age. Margaret, the wife of Mr. John Corkin, jim. and ebb st daughter of Mr. John Bell, of Castle town, Isle of Man. She will be long regretted by her family and friends. 1,/ VE it POO FRIDAY, JANUARY 26. 1838. eltINTkiD AND PUBLISHED EVERY TUESDAY AND MORNING, BY RICHARD PATrISSON, (Residence. Village of Warertree,) At No. 4, NORTH CRESCENT, CASTLE-STREET, LIVERPOOL Orders and Advertisements are received by Messrs. Newton and Co., War.vick-square ; Barker, Fleet-street; Deacon Walbrook; Rernell, Chancery-lane; Lawson & Barker, Birchin,lane ; 'Joseph Finch-lane, Cornhill Mutulen Hammond, 27, Lom - Mitchell, 8, Red Lion-court, Fleet-street ; Clarke i a l: n ah t. r.° l dn. L 's' e t"r,( : :t i *l s t , ; 4, Crown-cour', 'Threadneedle-street; at Garraway's; at the London Commercial Coffee-nouse, Mincing-lane; at thu Jerusalem Coffeehouse, Cornhill ; Chapter Coffee-house, Pater noster•row ; North and South American Coffee-house, Thread needle-street ; and J. Jenkins, General Advertising-office, 17, S o uthampton-buildings, Loudon; by Messrs. Johnston and Co. and Mr. John Lee, at his Newspaper and Advertisement Agency Office, 35, Henry-street, Dublin ; Mr. M'Plion, Glasgow; Mr, Wheeler, Exchan.-e-street, and Mr. Lewis, Market-street, Man chester: Mr. Malley. Booksell er , W arr i ngton Mr. Clarke, Pilot office, Preston ; and 111 r. Coope, 33, Union-street, Birmingham. Terms of Subscription for this paper :—On credit , one year, .t,k. 6s. , half-year, I,' I 35.; quarter, 1I s. 6d.—lf paid in advance, one year, £2 2s. half-year, £1 is.; quarter, 10s. 6d. C