The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-10-10 00:00:00

FORE;GN AND COLONIAL: INDIA We have received news from Bombay to the 31st of Aug. The troops under Edwardes were still in expectancy be fore Moo!tan. The Ferozepore force, of about 7000 or 8000 men, which the last mail mentioned as having been dispatched to their relief, was hourly expected to join them, comprising two brigades of infantry, some cavalry, sap pers, and a siege train. Heavy firing had been heard in the direction of Mooltan, in the line of one of the columns. A Sikh auxiliary force was also on the march from Lahore. We regret to add that there is news by this mail of an insurrection, or something very like it, of the Sikh troops in the mountain districts of the Hazerab, a province of the Punjaub, where it appears an outbreak had occurred, following but too closely the example set at Mooltan, since the first act was the murder of Colonel Canara, an European officer in the Sikh service. The commercial advices from India by the overland mail are more encouraging than any that have been re ceceived for some time past. The gradual reduction in the stocks of goods from Europe, and the small extent of imports comparatively, were at length producing their effects, although probably retarded in some degree by the very low rates of exchange for remittances. The latter circumstances, and the difficulty of getting what was con sidered safe paper, appear to be inducing shipments of specie to some extent, which will probably give a better return •than bills. The indigo crop in Bengal is estimated as likely to produce 115,000 or 120,000 maunds. The operations of the manufacturer were in active progress, and two-thirds of the crop were considered as secured. There was a great deal of activity in the sugar market for the purpose of remittance, but no increase in price bad taken place. The money market appears to be well sup plied, though great distrust still prevailed. Considerable additional supplies of money were likely soon to be re ceived, the shippers of opium to China having latelysnade large profits, for which Sycee silver would principally form the returns. FRANCE A negro took his seat in the National Assembly, on Thursday, as representative of Guadaloupe. Two negroes and two mulattoes have been elected. _ _ _ Prince Louis Buonaparte has decided to sit for Paris ; in consequence, new elections will take place in the de partments of the Yonne, the Charente Inferieure, the Moselle, and Corsica. The Times states that a joint-stock company of , 60 masters and. 6,000 operatives„is beinc , constituted in Paris, to undertake the construction of the works on the Paris and Lyons. The' committee appointed to consider the best means of disposing of the property of Louis Philippe and his family have reported against oonfiscation, but suggest the sale of so much of it as shall be sufficient to liquidate all just debts. THE VISTAGE NEAR PARIS.—The produce of grapes is so abundant near Paris that the peasants fear to bring any inferior quality inside the walls, lest they should not sell for 6 centimes the two-pound weight, the amount of entrance duty to which they are subject. The conse quence is that a regular fair of grapes is established out side the walls of Paris, to which the troops in particular resort, and are to be seen loaded each with three pounds, weight, which they purchase for lid., and which are duty free. . _ MORE RIOTS IN FRANCE.—Very unsatisfactory ac counts have been received from Lyons. At an early hour on Tuesday morning, a certain number of Gardes Mobiles of Lyons, whose corps has been recently dissolved, pre sented themselves at the prefecture, to demand the month's pay which had, they said, been promised them. Being allowed to enter the hotel, they possessed them selves of it, and kept the prefect in custody for three quarters of an hour. Crowds assembled around the building; but a regiment of dragoons, returning from exercise, charged them, and drove them away, also clear ing the hotel and releasing the prefect. The vicinity of the prefecture was then occupied militarily. The alarm caused was so great that the shops in the vicinity were closed. At half-past nine o'clock a group of twenty gardes mobiles disarmed the two sentinels of the Mont de Piete. They then attempted to force themselves into the guard-house, but the men occupying it having barri caded themselves in it, they did not succeed. They, however, broke all the windows. At ten o'clock two hundred mobiles presented themselves at the Hotel de Ville, with a red flag. Being charged by the soldiers, they immediately dispersed. General Gemeau and his staff, accompanied by an escort, traversed the city. At eleven o'clock the Place de la Prefecture and the vicinity were occupied by the military. Groups of the mobiles were traversing the streets, and it was said that some of them had gone to the Croix-Rousse. AUSTRIA.— Intelligence was received at Vienna on the Ist instant from Pesth up to midnight of the 28th September. The murder on that day of Count Lamberg, the newly-appointed commander-in-chief of all the troops in Hungary, was the signal for open insurrection. The Diet, on the 28th, unanimously passed a resolution, to the effect that, in the absence of a government, it elected, as a provisional one, the committee of six who were appointed a fortnight before to aid Bathyani in war matters—such committee to have unlimited and full powers. Up to midnight the national guards were under arms, and great excitement prevailed. WEST INDIES.—By the royal mail steam-ship Medway, which arrived at Southampton on Thursday. we learn that, at St. Domingo, tranquillity was restored, the shop keepers were experiencing a return of demand, and gene ral business was assuming a favourable aspect. The pre 'el3Fesler—Atar bernT'Vaitrairibilrel to Ir7ak'a currency, caused by the suspension of the Planters' Bank, together with the restricted issues of the other banks, the Commissioners of Public Accounts had met, and re commended the issuing of island cheques to the amount of £50,000, under the act 5 Vic. chap. 55. It appears that the revenue upon imports into Kingston, from sth April to sth July last, had declined £10,502, as compared with the corresponding period of last year. In the Cape of Good Hope accounts received to the 30th of July, full confirmation is afforded of a fresh at tempt at insurrection by the Boer farmer Pretorius, whose district was situated in the north-eastern fro-itier, beyond the Orange river. To resist his intended aggression on British territory, troops had been marched for Bloem Fontein, the place of residence of the English agent, Major Warden, who was doing all he could to strengthen his position until the arrival of reinforcements. The latest intelligence from Major Warden was dated the 16th. Sir Harry Smith left Cape Town on his way to the fron tier on the 29th. Before his departure he received an address from the inhabitants, who express perfect confi dence in his ability to quell the disturbance. The only alarm manifested is for the safety of Major Warden, who with his small force it is feared may not be able to cope with the superior numbers collected by Pretorius, should the troops sent forward be delayed by bad roads and other difficulties. Pretorius, it is stated, relies on some of the native chiefs ; and Panda, of the Zoola tribe, is reckoned among his supporters. On the other had, the British Governor anticipates the co-operation of Waterboer, Kok, Moshesh, and others ; and under these circumstances, with assistance from Natal, a speedy termination of dif ferences is looked for.. The reward offered of £l,OOO for the apprehension of Pretorius had been circulated throughout the colonies. The proprietors of many of the German newspapers have determined not to publish their journals on Mon days, in order to allow their workmen full liberty to keep the Sunday. THE YOUNG IDEA IN GERMANY.—We learn from an advertisement in the Kolner Zeitung that a shocking state of anarchy prevails in the school of Muffendorf, a small village in the vicinity of Cologne. The children, it ap pears, are so dreadfully exasperated against the school master that they would have done him some grievous bodily harm, but for the protection of a gendarme and policeman who attend during school hours. On the 24th ult. while the vicar of the parish of Es quilule, in the Pyrenees, was seated in the confessional of his church, a young man knelt before him as if to confess, but suddenly seized the vicar with one hand and drew a pistol with the other. Before he could use the weapon, however, several of the parishioners rushed to the priests assistance and secured the assassin, who is generally supposed to be mad. FEMALE SERVANTS IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA.—A private letter, dated Finnessflat, near Adelaide, South Australia, 28th February, 1848, states that the season, which was about closing, had been a very good one, but the scarcity of farm servants, of both sexes, especially females, had been a serious drawback to farm operations. The writer, Mr. M'Harg, had offered as much as 15s. per week with rations for female servants, without being able to engage any ; the consequence was, that ,out of 200 milch cows, he had been obliged, for a period of six weeks, to turn out between 30 and 40 every morning without milking them. His servants, he adds, were quite knocked up with being overworked, and the whole neighbourhood was in the same state. Eventually he engaged an ordi nary seaman, a hardy Highlander, who had never milked a cow before. He, however, turned out remarkably well. Cheese was selling at £6O per ton, or 62d. per lb., and salt butter at 10d. per lb. Draft horses were in demand, and fetched as high as £4O each for good ones. LAW INTELLIGEKCE. 4, It was decided, the other day, by one of the Scotch Sheriff's Courts, in a claim of debt, that the societies of Oddfellow•s, Foresters, Druids, &c., having centres, with divisions and branches, are contrary to the 39 George 111. c. 79, and, therefore, have no legal standing. CLERICAL INTELLIGENCE. * _ The beautiful church erected at Manningbam, near Bradford, by Mr. Hollings, was consecrated on Monday by the Bishop of Ripon. It is estimated that eight persons who have erected and endowed churches at their own cost during the present year, have together contributed £50,000 to the established church. The friends of the Rev. M. H. Miller, late vicar of Scarbro', have recently presented that gentleman with a beautiful carved oak box, containing 100 sovereigns, as a mark of the respect entertained for him. Lord Berwick died on Thursday week. The late lord, who was in holy orders, was for more than half a century rector of Thornton, in Cheshire, and, for nine of that period, was rector of Berrington Sutton, in Shropshire. He married, January 16, 1500. The Hon. Richard Noel Hill succeeds to the family honours. TRIUMPH OF TaVTti..—TO .-- tfie - challenge from the Priests' Protection Society to Dr. Hook's apostate curate, Mr. Jephson has written a letter, dated Birmingham, 25th September, 1848, in which he declines to hold this amica ble discussion, and says " lie is not at all disposed to enter into a controversy in which his principles would again be called into question." E STATE 'ARIALSk IN IRELAND The 4 4. iira of Mr. d'Brien Was — resumed on Monday. The evidence adduced was entirely relative to the affair at Ballingarry, and the movements of Mr. O'Brien, and others, preceding it. The witnesses were mostly police men, but there were a few peasants, and other inhabitants of the district, examined ; some of whom werewexy un willing witnesses. Two, who were placed in the box, one a farmer, and another a labourer, absolutely refused to be sworn, and were consequently committed. On 'Tuesday, a witness, named Lamthier, said he heard Mr. O'Brien, on the 28th July, address about three hundred persons from a window at Widow M'Cor mack's house. He said there were warrants for his apprehension, but if they protected him Ireland would be free in a fortnight. He advised them to arm and drive the Saxon from the soil. Some of those .present were armed, and they erected abarricade on the road. On cross examination, he admitted that no injury occurred to the Mining Company, to whi,lathe belonged, and that 501bs. of powder remained untouched. A letter from Mr. O'Brien to the directors of the ,company was produced and iden tified. Sub-inspector Trent gave a long detail of the proceed ings at :the widow's, and stated that O'Brien cried out "Slash away, boys." After some argument, a letter found in Mr. O'Brien'sportmanteau, from Mr. Meagher, was read. The writer, after stating his proceedings (of an insurrectionary nature) at several places, states that he was on the eve of going to America " to raise money—to invoke sympathy—and.to amuse myself." Mr. Whiteside complained of some private papers, deeds •and marriage settlements, belonging to Mr.•O'Brien not being delivered up. The premises of 'Widow M'Cormackwere described according to a plan.put in by a serveyor. The case for the• crown was•then closed, and the court adjourned. On Wednesday, Mr. Whiteside opened the defence in a most brilliant speech, but had not concluded when the court adjourned. The great reputation of the learned counsel, confirmed, if not gained, by his celebrated dis play on the trial of Mr. O'Connell, attracted an audience far more numerous and distinguished than has yet at tended any part of the proceedings. The sheriffs' gallery was•almost filled with ladies. _ _ _ The prisoner looked mere anxious than the day before. Atten o'clock, Mr. Whiteside rose and declared on his honour as a gentleman and a barrister -that the voting papers in the War directory, which .he had•received, were not so great as those sworn to by Dobbin. Be asked for them as given in evidence and not as they now existed. The court ordered that the request be complied with. Mr. WATITESIDE commenced the defence by declaring that ho :had no complaint to make against the jury, but that his,complaint was against the law. Had Mr. O'Brien been so fortunate as to have been an Englishman he would have known ten days before the name of every juror on the panel- The charge against Mr. O'Brien, that he com passed the death of the Queen, he contended was an in tent altogether—an operation of the miud ; and it was impossible to judge of the operations of the mind except by what are called overt acts . . He then quoted cases at great length, to show that words were not judged as overt acts, and that what " are enormous and rebellious riots, are not always high treason." He contended that Mr. O'Brien was not responsible for what was done by each and every member of the association to which he belongs. The learned counsel, after an objection had been put in by the Attorney-General, read the following letter from Lord J. Russell at the time of his agitation for the Reform Bill, with a view to prove that his lordship had once been as great an agitator as Mr. O'Brien : " My dear Attwood—l beg to acknowledge with heartfelt gratitude the undeserved honour done me by 150,000 of my fel low countrymen. Our prospects are obscured, and obscured only for the moment; for it Is impossible that the whisper of a faction can prevail against the voice of a nation." —What the premier called the " whisper of a faction" was the deliberate decision.of the House of Lords. With re gard to reading letters in evidence against Mr. O'Brien, he asked what chance of life Mr. O'Connell would have had, if all the letters he received from America had been received in evidence against him. On Thursday Mr. Whiteside resumed his defence. In the early part of his speech he analyied the evidence very closely. The Learned Counsel then referred to the evi dence of Mr. Cox. He lauded the manner in which he gave his evidence, but dwelt upon the circumstances that he had not mentioned to the Inspector-General any thing about the use of the words " slash away." He next re ferred to the evidence of other witnesses, for the purpose of showing that the object from first to last was to pre serve Mr. O'Brien from arrest. Could they believe that the man who said " slash away," would have told the po liceman whom he met on the road, that it would be an unmanly thing to assault an unarmed man. The revolu tion terminated by the ringleader descending from his horse, surrendering it to the man from whom he took it, and suffering him to go about his business. The last words of Mr. Smith O'Brien were that he wanted no bloodshed. Were these the acts and words of a man who desired a revolution ? It was impossible to conceive that he contemplated any thing of the kind. Where was the mark of the bullet ? There was not one scrape on any one of the entire body of police. How unlike the case of John Frost ! The peroration of the speech was brilliantly eloquent. The address occupied a day and a half in the delivery. The Learned Gentlemen concluded as follows : Would to God that Mr. Smith O'Brien.were my only client ! The happiness of an honourable, ancient, and Royal family is at stake this day. The church, the bar, the senate, furnish members nearly and dearly related to the prisoner. They may differ from him in politics, but they are here to give him consolation on this melancholy day. you send him to the scaffold they inu.o - • iaknitta iiig 111 JUIIIJW nn - nun iney loved. A venerable lady, whose life has been spent amidst an affec tionate tenantry, who has lavished her fortune and dispensed blessings and charities around her, awaits with trembling heart your verdict. If your verdict consigns her beloved son to the grave that heart will quickly beat no more. Six innocent children await to be informed whether they are to be stripped of the inheritance which has descended in their family for ages, and driven beggars and fatherless upon the world through the rigorous enactments of a cruel law — whether they are to be restored to peace and joy, or plunged into the uttermost depths of black despair. There is another who still clings to hope—that hope may it be blessed in you ! Her heart's blood she would gladly give to save the object of her youthful affections. You will not send her, unless at the command of conscience, to an untimely grave. Yet even in this case of blood Ido not ask for pity in a wailing spirit ; I ask it in the spirit of a free constitution, in accordance with the rooted principles of our common law. Those principles ought to shine out in glorious perfection in this great cause between the pri soner and the Crown ; and a verdict in accordance with them is not a triumph over the law, but a triumph of the law. If, however, you shall convicct my client, neither will I nor will he censure that conviction. I trust he will meet his fate with the faith of a Christian and the firm ness of a man. The last accents of his lips will breathe a prayer for Ireland's happiness and Ireland's constitutional freedom ; and in that moment of his mortal agony he will be consoled, if through his sufferings and sacrifices some system of government shall arise such as T aver has never yet existed—wise, impartial, comprehensive, and, above all, which may conduct to wc.alth, prosperity, and great ness of the country he has loved, not wisely perhaps, but too well. Our Sovereign in that oath wherewith she seals her compact with a free people, promises to exercise in all her judgments justice in mercy. That justice you admin ister ; no remorseless, cruel, sanguinary code, but justice in mercy. In nothing can frail mortals approach so nearly to the attributes of the Almighty as in the administration of justice here below. Divine justice will be tempered with mercy, or dismal will be our fate. The awful, issues of life and death are now in your hands. Do justice in mercy. The last faint murmurs on your quivering lips will be for mercy ere the im mortal spirit shall take its flight to, I trust, a better and a brighter world. The learned counsel appeared quite exhausted as he re sumed his seat. The prisoner shed tears towards the conclusion, and on the faces of many long accustomed to the most trying scenes that criminal courts present the same evidences of deep emotion were visible. The Cork Constitution says—" No language could express the emotions which the speech of Mr. Whiteside aroused in the auditory. His peroration was delivered with an impressiveness and feeling that steeped his audi tory in tears. 'The members of the bench had to raise their handkerchiefs to their eyes ; and When he referred to the family of the prisoner, Smith O'Brien—even Smith O'Brien sunk into his seat, and covered his face with his hands, while he audibly sobbed. At this moment there was deep commiseration for the individuals of his family who were in the court. Counsel, jurors, auditors, and policemen, were all in tears." Witnesses of the highest respectability were then called to prove the general uprightness, humanity, and loyalty of Mr. Smith O'Brien, which they did in the frankest and most ample manner. Sir Denman Norreys, one of those witnesse, on leaving the table, warmly shook hands with • the prisoner. Major-General Napier was also examined, and proved that he " took a considerable part in the agi tation" for the Reform Bill revolution, under the guidance of the Melbourne ministry. The General produced a letter from Mr. Thomas Young, then Private Secretary to Lord Melbourne ; but he was prevented from reading it by the court. The evidence on the part of the prisoner was then closed. Mr. Whiteside announced that he did not intend to apply for a writ of error, and he will not seek to disturb the verdict. The Dublin Mail says, that the law will be allowed to take its course, but we rather doubt this. Sentence of death will most likely be recorded, and then commuted to transportation for life. On Friday Mr. Fitzgerald spoke for the defence, the Solicitor-General replied, and his Lordship commenced his summing up. The Chief-Justice resumed his charge on Saturday morning ; it was able and impartial throughout, and occu pied till noon. He was interrupted about eleven o'clock by Mr. Whiteside, who begged the Court to adjourn for a few minutes, in order that he might have a brief con ference with the Attorney-General. On their return he announced that, with the consent of the counsel for the crown, he wished the informer Dobbyn to be recalled. After a little delay Dobbyn was placed on the table, and examined as to meeting with a man named Dalton, and certain transactions connected with it. He emphatically denied all knowledge of the man, and denied that he knew or had ever seen such a person. He was then re tained on the table, while Dalton was sent for. Dalton was sworn, and deposed to meeting Dobbyn in the middle of June at a public-house in Dublin, and to the conversa tion that ensued. He also detailed a subsequent meeting with Dobbyn, who pressed him, as he seemed a clever fellow, to join the clubs, in order to draw up the resolu tions, &c. ; and as the evidence of an informer was not of much value unless supported, they could mutually outbid each other, as he knewthe government was most anxious for information. Dalton said he would have nothing to do with him, and saw no more of him. Seeing the reports iu the papers, he thought that Dobbyn must be the same TWE lIVERMIS iT4NDARD. ma . a. He (Dalton) wrote a letter to the Freeman's jour nal ; detailing these circumstances. He took the letter hi resell, and the people at the Freeman's office believing tb e evidence to be important, sent him to Clonmel by sl jecial engin He identified Dobbyn at once, who, how ever, denied Olt he had ever seen him before, which pro d aced derisive laughter throughout the court. The jury retired about four o'clock, but returned into court to ask if they couldfind their verdict on one of the counts only. . _ The Chief-Justice replied-that they must find a general verdict of not guilty, or guilty, on the whole; they finally returned into court at ten minutes past five o'clock, declaring the prisoner guilty, but at the same time recom mending him to the merciful consideration of the govern ment, and hoping that for various reasons his life would be spared. Tears might be seen atid.sobs heard in every part of the court. Mr. O'Brien alone maintained a composed aspect, and acknowledged the. verdict by slightly inclining his head to the jury. The' Foreman of the jury essayed to say something, but his self-possession seemed to fail him, and he said, in a harsh .under tone, to the Clerk of the Crown, " Mr. Pedder, can't you read the rest ?" The Clerk then read from the paper what follows :—" We ear nestly recommend the prisoner to the merciful considera tion of the government, the jury being unanimously of opinion that, for many reasons, his life should be spared." The Clerk of the Crown 'then resumed his seat, and for about five minutes an unbroken silence prevailed, the eyes of all being fixed on the calm, self-possessed countenance of the prisoner. At length "Chief-Justice Blackburne said in a low voice, " Adjourn the court to ten o'clock on Mon day morning." IRISH MISCELLANY. 'The trial of Mr. M'Ma►nus will immediately follow that of Mr. O'Brien. MESMERISED PATIEWTS.—Six • labourers lately sum moned Professor Barnett, at Limerick, for wages due unto them for their services in feigning .to he mesmerised by him during his leetaires on mesmerism : ; but the mayor refused to make any order, as the transaction was a decep tion of the public. Mr. O'BRIEN AND THE JUDGE.—During the cross examination of a witness for the prosecution in the state trials, Mr. O'Brien attempted to cast a flagrant imputa tion on the honour of the judges. He said,—l beg your Lordship's pardon. lam not familiar with the proceed ings of courts of justice, but I submit that, as your Lord ship has recorded what the witness said unfavourable to me, you ought also to take down the answers that are favourable to my case.—Chief Justice Blackburn : How do you know that I am not doing so ?—Mr. O'Brien : I did not see your Lordship do it.—Chief Justice Black burn: You had better not interfere. The police have arrested Mr. Tronton, the person al luded to in the evidence of the approver, who was on Sa turday examined on the trial of Mr. W. S. O'Brien. This Mr. Tronton promised to the confederates, at one of the meetings, to bring over a brace of swivels from England, as soon as the rebellion should explode. He is now in Newgate, charged with high treason. Mr. P. J. Barry, in a letter to the Freeman, denies the report in circulation that he has turned approver. He was secretary to the Curran club. THE AFFAIR AT BALLINGARRY. At the state trial on Wednesday, Sub-Inspector Trant gave the following account of this affair in the course of his evidence:— _ _ T was stationed at Callan in July last ; I proceeded to Ballingarry on the 29th July, between 9 and 10 o'clock ; between 12 and 1 o'clock I arrived at Ballingarry ,• I had 46 men under my command ; after I passed through Ballingarry I perceived -crowds following me, and also passing to the left along-the road ; when I had advanced about two miles beyond Ballingarry towards the Com mons, I observed great crowds in my front, and coming down from all the hills and shrill whistling; I met with a road to my right, and judged it would lead to Kilkenny, and then wheeled the party up that road, excepting a force from Kilkenny ; we ascended the hill about a mile, when the people behind took our right, those on the hills took our rare, and others fell in on our left, and were closing on us ; they had pikes and guns ; I could not form an estimate of the number, for in a crowd with arms trailed, no estimate could be made ; I saw a slate house about two fields from us on the right, when I ordered the men to break and take possession of it, and if refused admittance to break into it ; just as I gave the order to break, a shot was fired on my left ; T looked round and saw the man who fired it with the smoke about'him about 150 yards from me; the most of the people were then running flanking, and, closing quickly—about two minutes would have cut us off from the house; they appeared to make what haste they could to cut us off ; I was last to the house, and having put my horse to the stable I order ed the men to turn in and put all the things they could to the windows and secure the doors; while in the act of fastening up the house I was proceeding up stairs to see how matters went on there, I heard a voice from the rear call for the officer; I went to the rear lobby windows when an unarmed man put up his hand and said for God's sake let there be no firing, we want to make peace ; I replied' that if the people did not fire we would not fire, but that if a shot was fired from without we would fire so long as a cartridge or a man remained ; I then came in immediately ; I then gave orders to the men ; a call was made by my men from below to tell Mr. Trant that Mr. O'Brien is here ; I then came down and went to the window where I was informed he had been, but he had disappeared, and the men told me of an offer he had made; I then went up again, and was again called on to say that Mr. O'Brien was there, when I replied let him come round to the window ; be did not come ' • immedi ately after that I heard a crash of stones and shots : I instantly gave orders to fire, and the firing commenced and continued for about an hour ;. after it had gone on for a considerable time the people did not show in front or rear, or flank, but they continued firing shots from behind the walls, _ Chief Justice Doherty—How many people were there ? On going up to the house I certainly saw over 3000 persons. Examination continued—During the firing from the house there was firing from without; they had possession of the houses in the rear, and I heard double-barrelled rifles rake the stones through the lobby window ; I heard throughout shots from without as well as from within ; the shots either within or without were not volleys but dropping shops ; for about half the time the shots were very quick; there must have been more than 100 or 200 shots fired from without ; the firing for one-third of the time was incessant. THE PRIEVS AND REBELLION We feel it our duty to draw attention to the following little episode in the State trials relative to certain docu ments belonging to the Irish Confederation, which were not put in evidence by the crown : Sergeant M'Curdy, Dublin police, deposed that he found the documents alluded to in an open press, in Keely's house; two of Keely's daughters were in the house at the time; one of them was in attendance to be examined for the crown. _ Did you not get some hundreds, and a great number from Roman Catholic clergymen, from some of the first dignitaries of the chuff ch ? The Solicitor-General objected to the question. Mr. Whiteside—l ask the question because all the papers are not produced; only two of them are produced. The witness stated that he gave all the papers to Superinten dent Guy, of the detective force. Here we have another example of the anxiety of the government to conceal the complicity of the popish priest hood in the treasonable conspiracy, which they were the chief agents in concocting. It is notorious that the pa pers of the Trish Confederation, now in possession of the government, indisputably prove, by the evidence of their own handwriting, that numbers of the Romanist clergy, including several prelates, were deeply implicated in the treasonable designs of the Confederates ; but every docu ment tending to establish their criminality has been care fully suppressed, and when Mr. Whiteside endeavoured to elicit the damning fact, the Solicitor-General promptly interfered to cloak the guilt of the ecclesiastical traitors, who are the cherished object of government favour, while their far less guilty lay accomplices are outlawed fugitives, or stand-arraigned in the dock for high treason. Mr. Whiteside but gave utterance to the unanimous feeling of the public, when he denounced the scandalous conduct of the government, by exclaiming—" Yes ; Mr. Kenyon is at large in his parish, but Mr. O'Brien is in the dock." They may depend upon it, however, that the public will not consent to any such sinister reserve. The nature and extent of priestly complicity with rebellion will yet be brought fully under the public gaze. The evidence of this revolting social statistic will be taken out of the hands of the Castle officials, and brought clearly to light before a tribunal who will not suffer truth to be gagged, and national justice to be frustrated, by a technical point of evidence. There is in England and here a growing love of fair play, which will not connive at any base par tialities, and a growing distrust of the Roman Catholic system, which is our best guarantee against seeing this country and its laws overridden by the intolerable preten .sions of the pope and his dependent ecclesiastics. _...,_ THE IRISH STATE TRIALS. BARRISTERS AND WITNESSES IN COLLISION, We extract from the lengthy reports of the state trials at Clonmel one or two little conversational incidents, which are worth recording. John O'Donnell was called, and the Clerk of the Crown handed him the book to take the usual oath.—John O'Donnell. —What is this tor? Clerk of the Crown.—To be sworn. John O'Donnell.—l am not inclined to take the book, and under any circumstances I will not take the oath. Bring me out, put a tile of soldiers before me and lodge twenty-seven bullets in this (striking his breast) heart, and I will not swear. (Sen sation.) _ . Attorney General.—l must ask your lordship to oblige the witness to take the oath. Chief Justice (to O'Donnell).—Do you refuse to be sworn? O'Donnell.—My brother is concerned in this case, and I will not go home to my family, and have the " insignia " of an in former upon me. Chief Justice.—You must stand committed. Attorney-General.-1 may mention, my Lord, that I am not going to examine the witness in reference to his brother. O'Donnell.—l will not give evidence directly or indirectly, one way or the other, so let the law take its course (sitting down). Let the law take its course. Chief Justice.—Let him stand committed. O'Donnell was then removed to gaol in the custody of the police. Another witness, a soldier, apperas to have given offence to Mr. Whiteside, who said, — Yon may go down, Sir. You are a credit to the army. Chief Justice Doherty.—That is a very improper observation, Mr. Whiteside, at such a tim e . _ _ Chief Justice Blackburne.—Do you not see the impropriety of the observation yourself, Mr. Whiteside? Mr. Whiteside.—lndeed 1 do not, my Lord. When a man undertakes to swear informations, he undertakes to swear the whole truth, and I contend that he has contradicted himself. Chief Justice.—There is not the slightest contradiction in his evidence. A young countryman named Shee was brought as a wit ness, and looked very agitated. The following smart dialogue look place : Clerk of the Crown.—Take the book. §iiee--No Clerk of the Crown.—Do you object to be sworn ? Shee.—Against such a gentleman I do. Attorney-General.—Tike the book, Sir Shee.—l will not, Sir. Attorney-General.-1 ask your Lordship to commit this man. Chief Justice.—You stand committed, Sir. Your refusing to be sworn is a contempt of Court, and I must commit you to, gaol for refusing to give evidence. Shee.—l will not he sworn, Sir. The Police took him into custody and removed him During the cross-examination of a witness by Mr. Whiteside, the former said that he had been told of an occurrence, when the following altercation was wit nessed : Mr. Whiteside.—Who told you that? Witness.—A person I am not going to tell you. Mr. Whiteside.—You must. Witness.—l won't. Mr. Whiteside.—l tell you, sir, you shall tell me. Witness, —I won't tell you. _ Air. \Whiteside (energetically).—l tell you I must have it out of you. The witness (in a ;Marsh yet tremulous tone)—You won't have it out of me. . _ Mr. Whiteside (with increased energy)—l demand that you shall answer me. Witness.—Do you think I'll give up a man to be assassinated by the clubs of Dublin for your pleasure? Mr. Whiteside. —Upon your oath do you believe that it would he my pleasure that a man should be assassinated? Witness— I put myself under th e protection of the Court. The Court decided that he need not answer the question. RAILWAY AFFAIRS. A survey is at present making for a line of railway from Darlington to Barnard Castle. A portion of the Great Northern railway, including the loop in Lincolnshire, is to be opened on the 17th inst, The opening of the Shrewsbury and Chester Railway, the first Railway communication direct from Shrewsbury, is announced far Thursday next. THE ROTHA VIADUCT.—The jury at the inquest ac companied their verdict with an expression of their opi nion that " the foundation of the arches was insufficient." CHESTER. AND HOLYHEAD RAlLWAY.—Traffic for the week ending 30th ult. :—Coaching, £1,487 ss. 3d.; parcels, £7B 4s. 10d. ; goods and cattle, £lB5 lls. ld. ; steam boats, £l7B 95.: total, £1,929 10s. 2d. The through traffic of the Peterborough branch of the London and North-Western Railway has been entirely stopped by the floods, which, we understand, have carried away one of the timber bridges. . We are sorry to have to report an accident to the via duct over the River Dane, of the North Staffordshire railway, by the falling of four arches, in consequence of an unexpected settlement in the foundation of one of the piers. Another accident occurred on the Great Western rail way on Tuesday. An engine ran into a coal truck, cutting it in two. The only persons who sustained any injury were a passenger, who received a slight cut on the head, and one of the guards, who was severely bruised. Mr. Macgregor, the chairman of the South-Eastern, is restored to health, and able to attend to business; he was present at Dover to receive the Queen of the Belgians on her arrival on Tuesday, and attended her majesty in a special train to town. On the forenoon of Wednesday, the third arch from the east end of the viaduct of the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Railway, which crosses the Wicker at Shef field, fell in. The arches immediately adjoining it on the west side, had their centres still remaining beneath theni, and consequently were safe. LIVERPOOL, MANCHESTER, AND NEWCASTLE JUNC TION RAILWAY.—The adjourned meeting of this com pany was held on Tuesday, and, after a stormy discussion, a resolution was unanimously passed for the return of 14s. per share, on the Ist of November next. The directors undertook to carry out the resolution if they possibly could. The meeting then adjourned till the 24th instant. At the half-yearly meeting of the Manchester and Southport the report was adopted. The portion of the line (three miles) connecting the Liverpool and Bury, was expected to be finished next month, and to be opened simultaneously with that line. lt was not yet determined whether the extended time for finishing the line would be required. From official returns it appears that the amount of traffic for the last week, on 4,119 miles of railway, was £224,988, thus accounted for :—£115,384 for the convey ance of passengers only, £51,124 for the carriage of goods, and a remainder of £58,480 for passengers and goods to together, not respectively apportioned ; being an increase of £25,196 over the corresponding week of last year, when the mileage was £3,271. The average earnings per mile were £55, whilst in 1847 they were £6l. SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAVELLING.—The Queen in her late journey from Scotland travelled over 500 miles by railway, and, when it is known that over this distance Her Majesty was conveyed, without any previous notice, at the rate of 35 miles an hour including stoppages—at a rate amounting to but not exceeding at any time, 50 miles an hour, over a country rising twice to an elevation of 1,000 feet above the level of the sea, and descending, at intermediate stations, nearly to the level of the sea, and so conveyed without the slightest alarm or cause for dan ger, we may be permitted to say that the railways of Eng land, under their present system of management, have reached an amount of perfection, regularity and security unsurpassable, and almost unhoped for. FLOATING OF THE SECOND GREAT TUBULAR BRIDGE. —Active preparations are now being made, under the superintendence of Mr. Stephenson, M.P., and Mr. Clarke, his assistant, for floating the second great tube oyer the Conway into its groper place,_ prior_to_being rovv - for - the - thorouih transit of the trains. The six pon toons, on which the tube will be cradled during the process of raising, are in readiness. They are of gigantic dimensions, each being 95 feet long, 25 broad, and eight deep, capable separately of sustaining 400 tons, though . the real demand made upon them will be only 220. The castings at the pier ends are completed. and the hydraulic machines for lifting at the right time of tide are ready. The total weight of the tube is 1300 tons, formed of rivetted iron plates ; span over the river 400 feet, and its inside width 14. The cube in juxtaposition with the new one now to be lifted has been up four months, and during that period has been subject to the daily transit of express and heavy trains, and from observations made as to the effect procuced, it appears that the deflection does not extend to the 16th of an inch. AGRICULTURAL REPORT. In most parts of this country and Ireland farmers complain of heavy rains ; and as in mountainous and late situations a great many Oats are still out, and some Wheat, this portion of "the crops is certainly in jeopardy. We subjoin extracts from the latest letters which have come to hand, from which it will be seen that little men tion is made of the Potato crop, the Belfast letter alone alluding to the quality:— Newcastle-on-Tyne, Oct. 7.—Although we have to note some improvement in the weather this week, still it has not been what is termed good winning weather, not withstanding that within the last two days some quantity of Oats has been housed, but they cannot be fit for mar ket before the spring. A considerable deal of injury has been done by the rains "of last week by sprouting, and altogether our prospects are much less cheering than they were three weeks ago. Great Yarmouth, Oct. 7.—The weather is fine, and farmers begin field labour for Wheat seeding, which in a few days will affect supply. Peterborough, Oct. 7.—We have a good supply of Wheat, Oats, and Barley at market ; but the Oats that are still in the fields have taken much harm during the week. Cork, Oct. 7.—The weather this week has been bro ken, and much rain has fallen since the 4th ; however, as there is little Corn standing, no injury of consequence arises therefrom. Wheat is a wretched crop in quality, and in quantity not half a crop ; and unless we be largely supplied with foreign in the spring, prices will be sure to run high. Limerick, Oct. 7.—The market has been more libe rally supplied by the farmers, with all descriptions of Grain ; the quality and condition showing the extremest range observable for many years. Waterford, Oct. 7.—A good deal of rain has fallen since our last, and the condition of farmers' Grain is not so good as last week ; the deliveries are but moderate on the whole. Indian Corn has been but little looked for here this week, for the reasons mentioned in our last, and also owing to the people living more on Potatoes, the main crop of which they are now digging out. Belfast, Oct. s.—The weather has become unsettled and unfavourable for the harvest in the few late districts where it is yet to gather in. The reports as to the Potato crop are not worse than they were, which is the most I can say for them. The supplies of Grain are gradually increasing, but it would seem, from the inferiority of the quality, as if the farmers were disposed to thrash out the worst of their stock in the first instance. IMPORTANT NOTIFICATION BY THE GENERAL BOARD OF HEALTH. Friday night's Gazette contains a notification from the Board of Health respecting the cholera. It is of extreme length ; but the following brief extracts are of such uni versal application, and so important to be borne in mind at the present moment, that we hasten to place them before our readers : "To HOUSEHOLDERS. Householders of all classes should be warned, that their first means of safety lies in the removal of dung heaps and solid and liquid filth of every description from beneath or about their houses and premises. Though persons long familiarised to the pre sence of such refuse may not perceive its offensiveness, nor believe in its noxious properties, yet all who desire to secure themselves from danger should labour for the entire removal of filth and the thorough cleansing of their premises ; which also the law will require of each person for the protection of his neighbours, as well as for his own safety. Next to the perfect cleansing of the premises, dryness ought to be carefully promoted, which will of course re quire the keeping up of sufficient fires, particularly in the damp and unhealthy districts, where this means should be resorted to for the sake of ventilation as well as of warmth and dryness. Particular attention should be paid to keeping the feet warm and dry; changing the clothes immediately after exposure to wet ; and maintaining the sitting and bed rooms well-aired, dry, and warm. It may be necessary to add a caution against the use of cold purgative medicines, such as salts, particularly Glau ber salts, Epsom salts, and Seidlitz powders, which taken, in any quantity, in such a season, are dangerous. Drastic purgatives of all kinds should be avoided, such as senna, colocynth, and aloes, except under special medical direc tion. If, notwithstanding these precautionary measures, a person is seized suddenly with cold, giddiness, nausea, vomiting, and cramps, under circumstances in which in stant medical assistance cannot be procured, the concur rent testimony of the most experienced medical authority shows that the proper course is to get as soon as possible into a warm bed ; to apply warmth by means of heated flannel, or bottles filled with hot water, or bags of heated camomile flowers, sand, bran, or salt, to the feet and along the spine; to have the extremities diligently rubbed; to apply a large poultice of mustard and vinegar over the region of the stomach, keeping it on 15 or 20 minutes ; and to take every half hour a tea spoonful of salt voltaile in a little hot water, or a desert spoonful of brandy in a little hot water, or a wine glass of hot wine whey, made by pouring a wine glass of sherry into a tumbler of hot milk —in a word to do everything practicable to procure a warm, general perspiration until the arrival of the medical attendant, whose immediate care, under such circum stances, is indispensable. THE PROPHETIC HERALD TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, DEAR SIR,—In reply to the letter of a subscriber, I beg . to state that no Liverpool subscriber need be sur prised at any delay in the publication of the second vo lume of the " Prophetic . . . _ It is very painful to bring one's private affairs before the public; but the letter referred to makes it right that I should state what I hope is amply sufficient to justify the delay. Two years since I was commissioned by the Lord Bishop of this Diocese to found a college for the educa tion of candidates for orders, who would at the same time attend to the pastoral care of the poor of Liverpool, so far as that duty could be performed by lay assistants. I am thankful to say that the Birkenhead Theological College has, under the direction of the respective local clergy, provided in this manner for 40,000 people, and paid nearly 150,000 visits, during the first twelve months of its existence. By the blessing of God that number is weekly increasing. TO accomplish such a task without one farthing assist ance from any public fund ought to be quite a sufficient reason for any delay complained of by the subscriber. In addition to this I have had the charge of a populous district, and I feel it due to my sense of its responsibility to say that its duties are attended to. It has pleased God to visit me with severe family afflictions, which took me three times to Ireland within ten months, and left but little power to compose essays and papers on prophetic subjects. _ __ The illness of same contributors to the " Herald," and other casualties deprived me of the assistance promised by some of the best-known students of prophecy in the kingdom. Under those circumstances but one of two ways was open to me: either to return the few subscriptions paid in for the second year, or to defer the completion of the volume to such a time as the arrangement of my other af fairs would allow. The former would have saved me more than £5O, a,s the casualties amongst more than 700 sub scribers will cause a loss far beyond the money I have re ceived. The latter I felt to be the morebonourable fulfilment of my engagements, and I am now ready to go to press with a new number of the " Herald," and to continue it with out any further delay. I may add, that I have never had in my hands any mo ney received from subscriptions. Every body acquainted with publishing is well aware how the expenses connected with it more than absorb any ready money paid by sub scribers. I take this opportunity of returning my grateful thanks for the forbearance of so many subscribers and friends under so long a delay. Amongst more than 700 individuals not one has acted as I regret to say the one who has written to you has done.—Your faithful servant, STATIONS OF Till ON THE IST O JOSEPH BAYLEE E BRITISH ARMY, CTOBER, 1848. (From Colburn'a United Service Magazine.) [Where two places are mentioned } the last:nam edia that at . which the dep6t of the regiment Ist Life Guards—Hyde Park 56th—(1st batt.) Corfu. 2d Ditto—Windsor (2d batt.) Cephalonia Royal H. Guards—Regent's Pk 37th—Ceylon, Chatham 38th—Halifax,g.., Boyle lsfbrag.Guards—Caliir 2d—Piershill 39th—Preston 3d—Nottingham 40th—Galway 4th—Mancbester 41st—Buttevant sth—Birmingham 42d—Bermuda 'lsle of Wight ; 6th—Dundalk . _ . Reserve batt., Bermuda. ... 7th—Brighton 43d—Templemore . Ist Dragoons—York 44th—(1st batt.) Malta 2d—Athlone (Reserve batt.) Malta 3d—Bengal, Maidstone 45th—Cape G.Hope, i.of Wight; 4th—Newbridge Res. batt., Cape G. hope 6th—Dublin 46th—Liverpool 7th Hussars—Dublin 47th—Clonmel 48th—Dublin Bth—Newbridge 9th Lancers—Bengal, Maidan. 49th—Dublin 10th Hussars—Bombay, Maid- 50th—Dover stone 51st—Madras, Chatham 11th Hussars—Hounslow 52d—Hull 12th Lancers—Cork 53d—Bengal, Chatham 13th Lt. Dragoons—Longford 54th—Antigua, Jersey 14th—Bengal, Maidstone 55th—Dublin 15th Huss.—Madras, Maidston 56th—(lst batt.) Gibraltar 16th Lancers—Norwich (2d batt.) Gibraltar, I. of 17th—Dublin 57th—Enniskillen [Wight Grenadier Guards— 58th—N. S. Wales, Chatham (Ist batt.) St. John's Wood 59th—Templemore (2d batt.) The Tower 60th—(1st bt.) Bombay,Chathm (3d batt.) Portman-st. Bar. (2d bt.) Dublin Coldstream Guards— 61st—Bengal, Chatham (Ist batt.) Weedon 62d—Bury eatire&ANJ gralrgCs Bar. 64117-.ltiatiVlP-n"-rr— (lst batt.) Chichester 65th—N. S. Wales. Chatham (2d batt.) Wellington Bar. 66th—Barbadoes, Kinsale Ist Foot— 67th—Gibraltar, Portsmouth (Ist batt.) N. Scotia, Abrdn. Reserve batt., Gibraltar. (2d batt.)—Birr 68th—Galway 2d—Dublin 69th—Malta—Portsmouth 3d—Limerick 70th—Cork 4th—Winchester. 71st—Naas sth—(lst batt.,) Mauritius Reserve batt., Canalla Reserve batt., Mauritius, 72d—West Indies, Sheerness Isle of Wight 73d—Cape G. - Hope, Fermoy 6th7-(lst batt.,) Cape G. Hope 74th—Dublin Reserve batt. 3co.'s,Hud- 75th—Kilkenny son's Bay 3 co.'s, Fermoy 76th—Zante—PortsmoutA 7th—Halifax, N.S., Youghal Reserve batt., Corfu Bth—Bombay, Chatham . 77th—Portsmouth _ 9th—Newry 78th—Bombay, Chatham 10th—Bengal, Chatham 79th—Canada, Mullingar 11th—N. S. Wales, Chatham 80th—Bengal, Chatham 12th—Weedon 181st—Prestoni Reserve batt., MauritiuslB2d—Devonport 13th—Belfast 183d—Fer.roy 14th—Newport . 84th—Madras, Chatham lath—Ceylon, Brecon 85th—Waterford 16th—Corfu, Guernsey 86th—Bombay, Chatham 17th—Chatham 87th—Weedon 18th—Bengal, Chatham 88th—Trinidad, Tralee 19th—Montreal, Castlebar 89th—Birr 20th—Canada, Isle of Wig ht; 90th—Ashton-under-Lyne _.. Reserve batt., Canada 91st—Gosport ; Reserve batt., 21st—Edinburgh Cape of Good Hops 22d—Bombay, Chatham 92d—Limerick 23d—Halifax, Isle of Wight ;93d—S • 'ling Castl Reserve batt., Canada 94th—Madras, Chatham 24th—Bengal, Chatham 95th—China, Londonderry 25th—Madras, Chatham 96th—N. S.Wales, Chathasa 26th—Cork 97th—Jamaica,Isle of Wight • 27th—Glasgow Reserve batt, Jamaica. 28th—Devon port 98th—Bengal, Chatham 29th—Bengal, Chatham 99th—N. S. Wales, Chatham 30th—Manchester Rifle Brigade 31st—Athlone (Ist batt.) Caps of G. IT•pe, 32d—Bengal, Chatham Bristol 33d—Manchester (2d batt.) Canada , Isle of 34th—Gibraltar, Nenagh Wight 35th—Mullingar Reserve batt., Quebec COLONIAL CORPS. Ist West India Regiment—Jamaica 2d Ditto—Windward and Leeward Islands. 3d Ditto—Demerara, Sierra Leone, &c. Ceylon Rifle Regiment—Ceylon and Hong Kong Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment—Canada Caps Mounted Riflemen—Cape of Good Hope Royal Newfoundland tilompanies—Newfoandlood Royal Malta Fencibles—Malta St. Helena Regiment—St. Helena STATE OF TRADE. MANCHESTER.—The market has continued in a dull and in animate state throughout the week ; and if, from any one quar ter, a slightly increased inquiry has taken place, it has been counterbalanced by an increased dulness in others. For Ger many, transactions are still only to a very contracted extent. An increased amount of business has been observable for India, the adverse exchanges, however, interfering with any great improvement. The Greek houses have been slightly snore active : but although they have orders, the evident ten dency is to withhold them, in the expectation of still further concession in prices. There has been slightly more doing for America. The home-trade houses remain comparatively inac tive ; on the whole, the market has continued exceedingly dull throughout the week. The question of short time begins to force itself seriously upon the attention of both masters and manufacturers; and unless a beneficial change should speedily take place. there can be little doubt that it will begin to be very generally advocated. ROCHDALE FLANNEL MARKET.—There has been a good demand for all descriptions of manufactured flannels; some particular sorts of goods were sold before noon. Prices ge nerally same as our last. The wool market has been rather flat, but prices firm. LEEDS.—The public markets have been but moderately at tended by buyers this week, but the woollen trade is still brisk, and the manufacturers are generally employed on orders. The chief goods in demand are those suited for winter, and they continue in good request. Stocks are low, and prices firm. BRADFORD.—WOOLS.—The quantity changing hands does not increase; the spinners buy with great caution, barely sup plying their limited consumption. Prices do not admit of any change. The staplers complain that the difficulty of getting wool from the growers to meet the prices current here is not in the least abated, and although a large quantity of colonial has been thrown on the market, substituting the use of the finer English, yet it continues equally difficult to purchase, and does not remunerate the buyer to bring it to this market. YARNS. —There is decidedly a better feeling and increased disposition to buy for export, and a good many orders have latterly been given out both for Russia and Germany. The consumption for the home trade is also on the increase ; the manufacturers turning more on to plain goods, use more yarns than for fancy. PIECES.—There has not been quite an average business this week, either in plain or fancy goods, but there is no accumula tion of stock, the manufacturers being generally working to order. HALIFAX.-A few job lots of fancy goods have been pur chased to-day for the American market, at several shillings per piece below the cost at which they could be manufactured, even at the present low price of wool; but, with this excep tion, there was scarcely any business transacted in the hall to day. In yarns and wools,we can notice no alteration sinceour last report. HUDDERSFIELD.—There has been a quiet market here this week, and as the season of the year is approaching when there is very little business done in the hall, we may look forward for a few more, Prices are without any material alteration, and stocks are kept very low. TIDE TABLE. DAYS. ( MORN. lEVENO.I HOHT. 1 HOLYDAYS, ETC. Oct.l h. m. h. m. ft. in. Tuesday....lo 910 935 14 7 Wednesday.llj 958 10 20 16 8 Thursday ..12 10 41 11 2 18 6 Friday ....13 11 22 11 44 20 1 Saturday ...14 - 0 5 20 7 Sunday ....15 026 349 20 9 ,17th Sund. aft:Trinity Monday.... 1t; 111 134 19 9 1 Oct. 10,1848. THE LIVERPOOL FINANCIAL REFORMERS' (From the London Times.) The Financial Reform Association has put out a WI No. 1. In other days Tract No. 1 carries the mind rapidly forward to Tract 150, or the 100 tons of tracts or there abouts circulated by the League. Still a tract is a tract, and stands upon its own grounds. The tract before us is about the least respectable, both in argument, subject: and tone, that we have ever seen ; and if any change is effected by the forthcoming series, it will very g resb be owing to a marked improvement on No. 1, or it will b e very discreditible to the taste and good sense of th is country. In the first place, the tract is not original. At! note modestly insinuated at the foot of the third Page t e l, us what we already knew, that " for the greater Part the following details, the Association are indebted to useful little work entitled Sketches of her Majesty st Household,' which contains, in addition, a great deal " i very curious information. The facts themselves, howev er —that is to say, the appropriations of this expenditur e-- are based upon o ffi cial documents, which received the sanction of the House of Commons at the time of h er _ Majesty's accession to the throne." The little work lu question certainly is a " very curious" little work, and t° those who have a taste for low gossip we dare say it is i n ' teresting enough. It is written apparently by some went ber of the household exceedingly low in the multitudino us, and miscellaneous list, and who so far from thinking h ina. self overpaid, or otherwise favoured by the State, believ e ! that his merits and his services are vastly underrated, an d feels that Castle service, like most other service is no i n ' heritance. Such is the book republished almost bodily Tract No. lof a great financial reform agitation. either But why should the present allowance to the Sovereign' be the very first subject selected ? Is it that the royal s ,y. lowance contributes materially to the present increasing rate of national expenditure ? The tract itself shall an' swer that question. It tells us in the first page that tb!" " annual governmental expenditure," which in 1835 l'"'" been reduced to £15,884,649, is now increased by one' half, amounting this present year to £24,280,804 ; and n , turning over the leaf we find that the present royal al lowance, against which the whole twenty pages of th e' tract are directed, has not increased at all, but was set tled at its present amount by act of Parliament in 1837. The total expenditure of the country has enormously in' creased ; so the Liverpool gentlemen Reformers cons' mence operations by throwing all the odium on just that particular part of it which has been perfectly statiotiarg all the time. Nor is that the only reason why the Oyu. List should not be thrust foremost into the quarrel. It was settled in 1837 as a definitive arrangement for her Majesty's life. It was a considerable reduction upon the greatly reduced Civil List of William IV. That reduction was made under circumstances which aggravated its forcer it being notorious that, without any fault on her P 55 no Sovereign ever stepped to a throne with less property her own than the present Queen. Last, as was fully ar" gued and entirely admitted in the debates in both houses in 1837, the Civil List is not a pure grant to the Crown , but a very inadequate compromise for hereditary revel:ill° to a much greater amount voluntarily relinquished b y George 111. As Lord Melbourne intimated on introduc ing the bill into the Lords, if the Sovereign were now 091 ' . ter of the hereditary revenues, he night follow the ple of Henry VII., and so economise his expenditurer e to save money enough for the corruption and ruin of w public liberties. But nothing can be more disingenuous and equive eni than the mode in which these gentlemen treat the subje ct ' They first give, or profess to give, all the offices, salari es ; duties, and items in the Civil List, and then professing t ti leave the details of economy to the Legisl'tture, c oolly el'; down the Civil List to half its present amount. Inst e t of £385,000. their proposed future allowance to. Queen Victoria is £200,000, and to future Sovereigns £150,'" The project will of course be exceedingly captivating. catalogue of several hundred offices and departmen t some with large salaries and antiquated titles, can cal be proved a ridiculous super fl uity. If there is one Pe which people can't understand, it is what' occasion the .. betters have for so many servants Everybody wants es t servant more, but thinks a few more a wicked waste 0' labour. The master of one servant-of-all-work looks with indignation on an establishment of three maid-se.: vants and an outdoor man, whose master in return s' disgusted at the sight of a coachman, a page, and a g ran The scale of odium goes on till nearly all classes are un'tu„'. is reprobation of the few who sport " masters of ts : horse," and half-a-dozen separate tables. Analyze a% wealthy nobleman's establishment, and it will be for!: quite as much above the common intelligence as the Olt_ List. But very few Englishmen wish, or at least pr ofes s to wish, the degradation of our nobility and other wealthy men. Very few would set bounds to private accu mulation . Yet it is a public and a patriotic object to secure that the Sovereign of the people shall tower above all the no bilit y and wealth of the land. She has hardly that nence that we should desire to see ; for there are amo re a dozen men in this country with more money n virtual patronage at their disposal than the Sovereign: Cut the Civil List down to £200,000 a-year, and you will forthwith find your Sovereign reduced to a second-class, • le and, mos t noble, and royalty swamped in an irrespons ib le country probatly, factious aristocracy. How long the coun would endure its new tyrants it is not our present purpose to inquire. What is the use or motive of parading details when n detailed proposition is ventured ? What is intended, for example, by the following coresecutive notices? pre- milt! , " Ladies of the Bedchamber—eight, at .e5OO per annum each " Services honorary. Required to keep her Majesty company, upon the averaee for a fortnight, three dance they dine at her Majesty's table. " Maids of Honour—eight, at £3OO per annum each .. " Services also honorary, being regarded as compa nions to her Majesty, with whom they reside by turns, two at a time, each being in attendance about three times in the course of the year, for four weeks at a time. They also dine at the Queen's table when at the Palace. " Bedchamber Women—eight. at .t'3oo each i2 ,4 o° " May be considered as the above—perfect sin their duty being to associate with her Maj 14 days at a time, each of the eight taken turn. They also dine at the royal table. Since 1845 there has been an extra bedchamber woman appointed." We are wholly at a loss to know what is hinted, or de; sired, by the writer. Does he think that ladies in a ctual attendance upon her Majesty should have no remunern tion for their necessary expenses ? We will venture say there is not one of the whole twenty-four who is n% out of pocket by her offi ce . A n y wes t- en d m illi ne r 1c!..." say that a maid of hon our m i g ht s p en d £3OO a - year on h e r dress alone. But the writer insinuates m ore than onc e that the nobility are wealthy enough to discharge these offices gratis. There could not be a more foolish or mi chievous suggestion. It would deliver ro y a lty boon hand and foot to the power of the aristocracy, the arist ti e cracy of rank and of wealth. Merit would soon be onto i the question. Nobody would be qualified for her lq."' jesty s service or society unless he possessed a good in: come. We are sure that neither the Sovereign, nor tb moderately wealthy, nor unendowed excellence, nor the people at large, would tolerate such a principle. But lc, are at a loss to know what else is insinuated in the woreS we have quoted. If they have any other import we show"' like to hear it. 4,000 £2,400 POLITICAL MISCELLANY. Mr. G F. Young, late member for Tynemouth, ba t been requested to offer himself as a candidate to fill the' vacancy in the representation of King's Lynn, caused 1 1 the death of the late Lord George Bentinck. The Whig Government has already quarrelled with the newly-made Archbishop of Canterbury. The ground of difference is the conditions on which the schools of the Church of England shall be allowed to share in the sum° voted by Parliament for the purposes of National Educy tion. The government endeavoured, at first tacitly, af terwards publicly, to foist into the ground certain terms which could not but be offensive to the church. Theme. were remonstrated against, and lengthened conference' followed, which have now ended in an open rupture—tbe government peremptorily refusing to make any concession. THE LATE LORD GEORGE BENTINCK. — The Post 110 published some fragments of personal interest from letter o by Lord George Bentinck to Mr. Bankes, written when Lord George resigned th e leadership of the ‘• countr 3, party" in the Hous e o f C ommons at the end of last yes:' These letters establish th e f act t h at t h e l ea d ers hip ov' unwillingly accepted, and not assumed by him, as soon journalists asserted ; and th a t L or d G eorge was as m odes' and high-minded in both taking and leaving the position of party leader as he was bold and indefatigable in its ac. tive command. In a letter dated Christmas Day also addressed to Mr. Bankes, and having reference to , 1 0 own abandonment of the post of leader, Lord George re' fers to his own health :—`• My dear Bankes,—Your warre" hearted letter is very grateful to my feelings. Confiders" tially, I tell you, that far from feeling the least annoyed; I shall feel greatly relieved by a restoration to privacy and freedom. I viorked upon my spirit in 1846 and 1847 ; buV I have learnt now that I have shaken my constitution g ) the foundation, and I seriously doubt my being able VG work on much longer." How true these prognosticsi tions ! Yet, the noble lord was useful in his day ; 01 :4 that is higher praise than many a man more worshiPP and applauded has deserved. • • WHAT IS TO BE DONE ?—We really should like ti" know whether or not the Conservatives are thinking °I setting their house in order, and of taking some del towards meeting the difficulties by which they will fia themselves surrounded, should the next session of palls' ment discover them still split into sections and unable to bring a bold, compact, and united opposition against the, family group of officials, who are rather facetiously cage', Her Majesty's " Government." Things cannot go on 0 their present fashion, that is certain. If there were o °' thing else to rouse the moral indignation of the Britis h Lion, there are the startling facts of Funds keeping Per tinaciously down to 86, of a national debt increasing annual lumps, of an expenditure going rapidly a-head, 0 an income gradually contracting the more one labours 0 increase it, of business coming to a stand-still, and oper a ' tives on every side following its example. Nobody,' conscientiously persuade himself that we are not rapid'/, getting ourselves into what is vulgarly called a " mess' b Whatever may be the beauty of free trade in the abstral. and whatever may be the immediate cause of its f a ilure,w o practice, it is certain that there is a screw loose in t 9 t machinery, which sets the whole thing wrong. Wil o with that highly-convenient phenomenon, the pet t '„ disease, the railway mania, the European row, the disgat ing determination of foreigners to take as much of o. gold and as little of our manufactures as possible, the "of fortunate neglect of our admirable example on the part foreign Governments, who invariably put up cost % duties just as often as we put them down, the free fr B "„ y experiment has answered the wishes of its friends eb ° t 7 o as satisfactorily as the atmospheric railway responde" the hope of its prpjectors.—John Bull. OC 11111311 ft Church The n Papers, 1 seek for exactly t iu Partic articles c It relief t the theol tlunaber review Li o n i n ( Th( 9f Count esp ec i, us the bi tnovecaei No. 9, Paper; g 18 inters: entitled Alan,” znen as The 'hor shadow ( very rau kin g NV 11 41, rec which c has rent there we The ino had hi s Whole r be en. 4 _ ol th e e m) e i oo , Pretend, nglanc Tr uona been bo 'of devel