The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-06-17 00:00:00

,on of coals sent abroad ; and how can that be done without a large increase of officers ? In some ports, vessels can only load coals at high water,' and shippers are compelled to take advantage of the tides whether they occur in the day time or at night. Will they now be permitted to load except during custom-house hours ? Then how will the quantity shipped be ascertained ? In the northern coal ports we find that a regulation has just been issued that the waggons, in which the coal is conveyed to the ships, must be of a fixed size, and must be branded with the custom-house mark. In these particular ports such a regulation may be practicable, although individually oppressive ; but where the article is brought from any distance inland we do no see how it can apply. In Liverpool, the bulk of the exported coal is shipped from on board of flats, and such a mode of ascertaining the quantity to pay duty cannot be . adopted at. all. Upon the whole, we feel confident that the cost of collection and the vexation which must attend it, will be a heavy drawback against this duty ; and at . no dis tant period the government which now imposes it will regret that it has ever taken such a course. Assuredly nobody can say of the gentlemen who compose the Anti-Corn-Law League that they. mono polize.-the modesty of the community in which they live. On the contrary, it must be admitted that they are in possession ofas large a stock of assurance as has ever fallen to the lot of any public body. We re marked freely at the time upon the audacity with which, to raise money, they outraged public feeling by their Manchester bazaar exhibition; and we have now to notice as bold an attack upon the pockets of the gullible, as has ever been attempted by the Irish men dicant himself. During the last two days the walls of our town have been placarded with a demand upon the people, to REGISTER—wIiat? it may be asked. To register as voters ? Not so; but to. register their names as mem bers of the League, for which they will be pleased to pay any sum from a penny to a shilling, but no more. The morality of the League mendicancy would be of fended. if any rash enthusiast were to touch its " itch ing palm" with a half-crown. As some trifling return for their charitable contributions, every individual gull is to have presented to him a card,—a prettily orna mented affair no doubt,—upon the possession of which he will be able to boast of the very questionable honor of being a member of this seditious association. Mi nisters of the Gospel (!) are invited to agitate from the pulpits—to tell starving people that it is the corn-law which starves them; and the ladies are urged to exer cise their influence—to read philippics, we presume, to their liege lords at home, or to borrow their femoral attire, and set out to agitate abroad. We do not certainly anticipate that these Anti-Corn- Law millowners will gather many pence in Liverpool by their mendicant appeal. The party here have been pretty well sweated by " protector" and other similar schemes for years past ; and Daniel of Derrynane still twirls his hat in their faces with an irresistible grace, and will not much relish this poaching upon his manor. Per haps there may be noodles and silly women amongst us suflicent to muster up a five shilling paper of cop per, with which, we trust, the League will bless its stars and be thankful. A crotchet has got into the head of that sapient per sonage, Lord Howick, which, by his constant iteration ':. of it in the House of Commons, we almost fear is com- municating itself insensibly to the minds of wiser men. Of themselves the opinions of his lordship are of mar vellously small importance, and the party (composed of Mr. Charles Wood) which looks up to him as the fountain of wisdom, is not of much greater weight. A parrot, however, or any other senseless thing, may re peat some piece of stupidity until the world takes it for the language of an oracle ; and we are led, therefore, to bestow a timely notice upon this Howick absurdity, lest it should be taken unwarily some of these days for the dictum of a sage. _ We ought' not, argues, or rather dogmatizes, Lord Hawick, by the imposition of discriminating duties, to foster the growth of any new product or trade in our colonial possessions, lest hereafter we -.should be CO2II pelled to afford it protection W We may allow dis criminating duties upon any articles, the production of. which has been long established. We may thus foster our Colonial Timber. Trade, or our West India Sugar Cultivation ; but we must not, by the adoption, of dis criminating duties, foster the growth of any new trade; we must not, for instance, encourage the growth of tobacco or any other new article of production in our colonial dependencies. Now, with all due deference for so eminent an authority, and for that portion of the members of the House of Commons, and for the go ..vernment itself by whom the principle contended for by Lord Howick was tacitly assented to, we utterly re pudiate as , unsound and unstatesmanlike the dictum here laid down., We possess dependencies in every quarter of the globe—in every climate—calculated for the growth of every product of the globe. We are yearly pouring into those dependencies thousands of our industrious population, vast capital and consummate skill. Essen tially those colonies are a portion of the kingdom of Great Britain ; and have we not a right—ought we not in good policy, and even in justice, to do all that legis lation can do to aid in developing the resources of those countries. Have we not a right to say to our expa- triated brethren, you are of as, and you shall have an advantage in our markets over the foreign producer, not only in those articles N . % 'all you now raise for our consumption, but in those, too, which y our added skill and capital will enable you to produce ? Undoubtedly we have a perfect right to do so ; and it is miserable truckling between the principle upon which the colo nies of Great Britain have grown and thriven, and the dogmas of the ultra free traders who would fain sweep away that principle—who are ready to cry out with Mr. Roebuck, "Jamaica to the bottom of the sea, and the Antilles after it !"—it is weak and dishonest to deny that right, or to hesitate in asserting it openly. We must not be misunderstood as advocating an ad- . vance of the duties levied upon foreign products, to give a stimulus to our colonies to raise those products. We would do nothing so absurd and unjust. But when imposing duties for the purposes of revenue—when, as at this moment, framing an entirely modified commer cial system—where can be the impolicy of leaving open a door by which every production which our colonies may hereafter succeed in raising, may be admitted into the market of Great Britain upon the same terms, as compared with the foreigner, which are provided for in the case of productions which they raise at present. If colonies are a henfit to the mother country— and who will deny that they are ?—undoubtedly that benefit is greater when such colonies are prosperous and weal thy. Lord Howick, however, in effect, says—" do nothing which is calculated to confer any additional prosperity to any colony ; " and it ought to be a sub ject of congratulation to every Englishman and every colonial subject, that Lord Howick's opinion is worth nothing in any person's estimation except his own and that of his shadow, the member for Halifax. LOCAL NEWS. ----- THE TRANSATLANTIC .STEAMER S: We mentioned,_ few weeks ago , an intended race be tw een bini the Columbia and W the Great estern, the form er of w m it; Liverpo ol appears on the 19th, and the latter on the 21st ult. to have been well contested, for the af te r making Columbia, her usual stoppage at Halifax, was met on t he' Ist instant very near the por t of Bo ston ; whilst a large steamer, lieved to be the Great Western, p assed Halifax mige ' 2 d. e The British Queen does not appear to have mended her speed by becoming Belgian. She arrived at New York on the 27th ult. afte r a passage of nearly 20 days. It will be seen by our advertising columns, that a Pamph let from the pen of Lieutenant Tracey, R.N. , Mate's As sociation, will be pu blished on Wednesday next, on the claims of seamen to bishops and clergy. This is certainly the " age of wonders," when we find even s a il ors opening tlleir eyes to the benefits to be derive d _ from the superin tendance of an apost olic ministry. We know Lieutenant Tracey to be a zealous churchman, and feel certain he means well ; we must confess, however, the novelty of a sailor writi ng on such a subject tickles our fancy amazingly, an d it our readers are as desirous as we are of having a peep at a literary curiosity," we doubt not it will have an extensive sale. DEATH FROM DROWNING.—An inquest was held before the borough coroner on Tuesday, on view of the body of. William Co wan , w hi c h h a d been discovered in the Mersey. Philip Myers, the son of a person of that name in Mann street, deposed that, on Sunday evening , about seven o'clock, the deceased and himself agreed to go and bathe at the South Shore. They went there, and the decease d, who was fourteen years of age, and unable to swim, stripped and went into the -water. The deceased called to witness to follow him, and said the water was warm. Witness then undressed, and the moment he got into the water the deceased sunk. He tried to reach him, but found that he was too far distant, and that his own inability to swim prevented him from even making the attempt. The deceased rose to the surface two or three times, and then sunk. In about twenty minutes be was taken • eut dead. Verdict accordingly. SCOTCH CHURCH, OLDHAM-STREET.--The final election of a minister to the Scotch Church, Oldham-street, in the place of the Rev. Dr. Ralph, will not take place till the 28th instant. ALLEGED CHILD MURDER.—Another case of child mur der has taken place in this town. The mother of the child resided somewhere in Everton, and had not been apprehended yesterday. An inquest will be held on the body this day. FATAL ACCIDENT.—During the afternoon of Wednesday, a carpenter who was working on board the Sir Charles Napier, now lying in one of the docks, accidentally fell into the hold, and he expired in a few minutes after being taken out. DOCK COMMITTEE.—There was no meeting yesterday of the Dock Committe, in consequence of the absence of the chairman and deputy-chairman in London, on the Mersey Conservancy Bill. BOROUGH COURTS' BILL.—The Liverpool Borough Courts' Bill has passed the House of Lords, and will in a few days receive the royal assent. In this measure the certiorari clause, which has been in vain struggled for so long, is se cured. The efficiency of the court will thereby be greatly increased. INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT.—The court for the relief of insolvent debtors in the borough of Liverpool will com mence on. Friday, the 22nd July nest. Mr. T. B. Bowen is the commissioner. HoLmr.s' CLOTH MART.—The " light sovereign" nui sance, we are glad to see, is done away with in some of the shops in this town. Messrs. Holmes, at the Cloth Mart, announce that they do not object to take any from their cus tomers. This establishment is well conducted, and deserves support. A WELL-KNOWN THIEF DETECTED.—At the Police court yesterday, a young man, named William Williams, who had often before figured in the bridewell books, was convicted of stealing a poor sailor's jacket from a ship. He had before been three times committed, and as often discharged for want of sufficient evidence. As the owner of the garment was shortly going to sea, he was summarily dealt with by being committed for three months to hard labour in the House of Correction. CAUTION TO PROPRIETORS OF DOGS.—On Tuesday, at the Police-court, no less than twenty-five persons were fined five shillings each for suffering their dogs to be at large. There were at the same time forty-two dogs confined in the yard at Rose-hill station. They are well fed and taken care of; but the owners ought immediately to apply for them, otherwise iu less than three days the Mayor will grant an order for their execution. There are now no less than forty five dogs in custody. DESPOILING A GARDEN.—Three young men, Hall, Da vidson, John Smith, and Thomas Marshall, were yesterday placed before Mr. Rushton, on a charge of having stolen a bunch of flowers from a garden in the neighbourhood of the town, in which they had, during the night, done considerable damage otherwise to the flowers and shrubs. The case was proved. Mr. Rushton remarked that it was quite disgrace ful to enter gardens which parties had gone to great cost and trouble to establish and beautify, and wantonly commit such depredations. Though the damage done was estimated at an amount of only about 25., he fined each of them Is., and costs 55., as a warning to others. DEATH FROM AN ORANGE PIPPIN.—An inquest was held on Tuesday before P. F. Curry, Esq., touching the death of William Williams, aged one year and four months, son of Grace Williams, of Norfolk-street. On Monday afternoon the deceased was sucking an orange, and amusing itself by the side of its mother, when she was alarmed at perceiving that he appeared to be choaking. She took him up, imagining that he had swallowed a piece of coal. She slapped his back, and endeavoured to get the substance from his throat. She could not succeed, and he died in her arms. Mr. Long, one of the surgeons of the Dispensary, deposed, that he had made a post mortem examination of the body, when he found an orange pippin in the windpipe, ‘ which had been the cause of death. Verdict accordingly. THEFT FROM A YOUTH.—A boy named Noah Chegwin was yesterday charged, at the Police-court, with stealing a sovereign from a very young lad. The latter had been sent with three sovereigns to pay an account at a brewery. On his way the prisoner came up to him, and asked to look at the bit of paper in which the money was placed. He opened it, and returned it apparently in the same condition, and went away ; but it was soon found that a sovereign was wanting. The prisoner, next day, went to the place where he was employed with a pair of new shoes on; and, being suspected, he was given into custody. He was afterwards heard to say, that the sweat of the little boy's hand had made a hole in the paper, and that a sovereign dropped out, which he picked up, and subsequently spent. The prisoner, who appeared to be but thirteen or fourteen years of age, was committed for trial. CLAIM FOR WAGES.—Yesterday, at the police-court, a stout, little man, named James Mellish, preferred a claim for wages, amounting to £l7 15s. Od., alleged to have been due to him by Captain Peter Burke Fishley, of the schooner Maid of Cashmere. The applicant said that the vessel origi nally sailed with a cargo from this port for the Mediterra nean. He was not then on board of her, but joined her at Plymouth—where she called on her outward passage—and acted as mate of her until her return some days ago. He had agreed for wages at the rate of £4 10s. a month, and claimed the amount stated as a balance due. The captain resisted the claim, on the ground that the applicant had, by carelessly stowing some coal tar in a pantry, and procured contrary to orders, caused damage to sundry bales of mer chandize, which were afterwards surveyed by Lloyd's, at Malta, of which he had a certificate. It was not, however, proved that the goods were in good order when the ship reached Plymouth. Two other mates had been discharged after the bales were taken on board, and before applicant joined the vessel; and one of the captain's witnesses dis tinctly swore that the coal tar was not upset or disturbed (so as to damage them, as imputed) during the whole voyage outwards, which terminated at Smyrna. The captain then endeavoured to prove that the applicant was incompetent to act as mate, but also failed in adducing satisfactory evidence on this point ; and Mr. Rushton ordered the full amount of ' wages claimed by Mellish to be paid to him, together with the costs. ACCIDENT AT TIIE VICTORIA DOCK.—An inquest was held before the borough coroner, on Tuesday, to inquire into the circumstances touching the death of Alice Shaw, a female 36 years of age, who resided in Banastre-street. George Wilson, a plasterer, deposed that he was at the North Shore, close by Beacon's Gutter, on Monday evening, when he ob served a spring cart, drawn by one horse, and six or seven men and women in it. They were going along Victoria-road leading from Birch's public-house. The horse ,was on a slow trot at the time, going at the rate of about your miles an hour. Two or three of the parties were sitting on a rail on the side of the cart. As the vehicle was proceeding along, it gave a sudden jerk, owing to the unevenness of the pavement, and the deceased having fallen out, the off wheel went over her breast. She was then removed to a shed, and subsequently taken home, where she breathed her last at 11 o'clock the same night. All the persons in the cart appeared more or less intoxicated. The driver, William Lister, who was sitting in the front, appeared in liquor also. Mr. Sa muel Deane, surgeon, deposed to having seen the deceased on Monday evening. She was in a state of intoxication at the time. He examined her chest, and was of opinion that she had died from internal hemorrhage, by penetration of the lungs or blood-vessels, produced by fracture of the ribs. A verdict of " Accidental Death" was returned. CHURCH EDUCATION SOCIETY FOR IRELAND. — We in vite attention to the notice, in another part of our paper, of a meeting to be held on Monday next, in behalf of the above important institution. The Rev. Rector Campbell will occupy the chair. Upwards of 1,200 schools in con nection with this society are supported by the voluntary contributions of the churchmen of Ireland, and 70,000 children receive through their means the blessings of reli gious education. Thus an instrumentality is offered for ex tending the efficiency of the church ; and at the same time an energetic protest is maintained against a system of educa tion, (exclusively supported by the public funds of this country,) the basis of which is such that the church of Ire land is compelled to seek elsewhere for means to support scriptural schools for the poor. We are delighted to per ceive from the renort of this society, that the members of the Church of England are bestirring themselves in the work of education. A noble example is set them by their Primate, who subscribes £2OO to the Diocesan Board of Armagh, and £2OO per annum also to the Central Board of the Society. A finance committee of the leading noblemen and gentry has also been formed, for the purpose of collect in.. funds ; the society is altogether in a flourishing state. We expect important details from Dr. O'Sullivan, who is, perhaps, better acquainted with the state of Ireland than any man living. The Rev. H. M`Neile will be present at the meeting. ROBBERY IN A TEA WAREHOUSE.—A young man, named Blake, formerly a chimney sweep, was placed before Mr. Rushton, on Tuesday, charged with having stolen 1501bs. w2ight of tea from the premises of Messrs. Roberts and Co., tea dealers, Bank -buildings. Mr. Wardle, solicitor, appeared on behalf of Messrs. Roberts and Co. He stated, that on Friday morning last, a quantity of tea was stolen from the premises of Messrs. Roberts. They had strong reason to suspect that Blake had been concerned in the robbery, and their present purpose was, if the magistrates thought that the evidence was sufficient to warrant his detention, to have him remanded for further investigation. The prisoner Blake was formerly a sweep, but he had, for a considerable time, entirely neglected his avocation, and had associated with bad characters. The evidence which they intended to offer was, that he had called at a smith's shop, and made a crow-bar, which crow-bar was found on the premises, in the chimney, and that he had several times within a month or six weeds been seen, with his visage blacked, so that he resembled a sweep, lurking about the buildings. His former employer swept the chimneys at those offices. When asked what he was doing, he stated that he was going to sweep the chimneys, which was not the fact. Mr. Roberts and his warehouseman proved, that the pre mises had been broken open, between Thursday night and Friday morning last, and robbed of 1501bs. of tea. Mr. -Walmsby, a smith, was called. He stated that one day last week the prisoner called at his shop, and asked if he might use the fire for the purpose of joining two pieces of iron. He gave him permission, and he joined two pieces of iron. The crow-bar found on the premises, which was evidently made of two pieces of iron joined together. was produced. Mr. Walmsby said he could not swear that this was the iron on which the prisoner had operated. He could not tell whe ther it resembled it. Mrs. Walmsby was called. She said she ordered the prisoner out of the shop. She could not tell whether that was the iron which the prisoner had joined. She thought it was not. The piece which the prisoner was handling was much smaller. The prisoner was remanded for some further evidence. SWEEPING CHIMNEYS BY MACHINES.—Con Wednesday evening, the master chimney sweepers of this town, held a general meeting in the Odd Fellows Assembly Rooms, Fleet street, for the purpose of adopting measures to promote the operation of the act which comes into force on the Ist of July next, prohibiting, under heavy penalties, the employ ment of any person under 21 years of age il. the sweeping of chimneys. There was a numerous attendan:le. Mr. Peter Charles was called to the chair, and he stated that the trade in Bristol, Bath, Nottingham, and many other places had, in public addresses, declared their desire to carry out the pro visions of the new act, and announced their intention to put into use the machines which have been invented for the pur pose. Mr. Samuel Wood, a gentleman who has taken Brent interest in this subject in Liverpool, next read an address from Mr. Stephens, to the trade in London, in which he described the nature of the new act, and strongly urged upon them, that the best and only mode of improving their trade, and of increasing their respectability, would be cordi ally to unite in carrying out the provisions of the act. This address was listened to with marked attention, and it elicited considerable applause. Mr. Dilworth then read an address on the part of the trade in Liverpool to their customers, in which they pledged themselves to observe the law in every respect, and requesting the public to aid them in so doing. This ad dress was unanimously adopted. A series of resolutions founded on this address were then proposed and carried after some observations from Messrs. Lewis , Bennett , Jeffreys, Ashton, Turton, and Smith. A person enquired whether the trade would be allowed to clean the chimneys of steam packetst by b oys ? Th e c h a i rma n read the clause, from which appeared that this could not be done without incurring a penalty of_ £for every otience. .Mr. Dilworth then moved, and Iris Mr Miller seconded, a vote of thanks to Mr. Wood for active and which he had disinterested exertions in behalf of the trade in this matter. • Ir. Wood, in reply, said the little exertions with wh mad had bee n given from a desire to do awayat was now namely, the 'emplo universally considered a crying evil— piameeentfi of boys in chimney from a desire to footing possible. Subscriptions sweeping, and trade upon the most respectable defray the expenses, after which were then entered into to to the chairman and the mweern g ti s ie ep u a s r u a a te l d t . hanks were voted THE STAMP RETURNS.—We have been requested by the editor of the European to state, that during the three first months of the present year the number of stamps consumed by that paper was 7,500, though credit is not given for one in the stamp returns. PHOTOGRAPHY. — The photographic establishment at the Mount is now in full operation. Numbers of persons are daily sitting for their likenesses, which, generally speaking, are excellent. Those who intend having their portraits taken must be careful to put on a quiet, cheerfulface, as the least dis tortion neutralises the 'excellence of the likeness. All the committee of the Mechanics' Institution have been taken, and we are bound to admit that finer impressions have never yet been seen. THE LIVERPOOL CHURCH SCHOOLS.—We perceiye, by an announcement elsewhere, that the children of the various Church of England schools will walk on Thursday next, ac cording to custom. The Rev. C. H. Terrott, D.D., will preach a sermon at St. Peter's Church in aid of these insti tutions. This is, in our opinion, one of the most gratifying and interesting sights in Liverpool. POCKET PlCKlNG.—Yesterday, at the Police-court, a boy named William Wilks was committed for trialat the sessions, for picking the pocket of a gentleman named Jones of a hand kerchief, stated to be worth 4s. The prisoner had before been guilty of a similar offence. The gentleman got hold of the delinquent, and held him fast until police-officer Crisp came up and took him into custody. EXTENSIVE FIRE IN DELAMERE FOREST.-011 Sunday afternoon last, some persons at present unknown, set fire to the heath at Oak Mere, within about two hundred yards of the plantations upon Delamere Forest ; and the weather being exceedingly dry and hot, the fire spread along the ground with great rapidity, and all attempts to extinguish it were fruitless. In the course of an hour or two, it com municated with the adjoining plantation, and, before seven o'clock, had destroyed seventy to eighty acres, chiefly oak, larch, and Scotch firs. AN UNFEELING MOTHER. On Tuesday Catherine Jameson, aged about 19, was placed before Mr. Rushton, charged with having attempted to abandon her infant child. The prisoner carried the infant, a delicate-looking little crea ture, in her arms. It appeared by the evidence of three young females, that the prisoner deposited the child amongst some puddle on a piece of vacant ground and ran off. 'They were not aware at first that it was a child. Curiosity led them to the sput, when, on discovering what it was, they took it up, pursued her, and forced her to take it back. They called a police-officer and gave the prisoner into cus tody. Mr. Rushton directed her to be handed over to the parish authorities. RIOT AT ELLESMERE.--On Monday last a riot took place at this place, which was fortunately soon suppressed by the police. It appears that the canal company are in the habit of paying their workmen once a month, and at this settlement a number of idle hands had assembled from other quarters, knowing. as it was pay day, there would be some cash stirring. They all became at length so infuriated with drink as threat ened at one time the most serious results, but the constables from various quarters of the county arrived es soon as pos sible, and by their efforts prevented any bloodshed, which was at one time greatly feared. PIGEON SHOOTING AT OXTON.—Yesterday afternoon, a pigeon shooting match for £lO came off at Oxton, on the opposite Cheshire shore, in a field near Mr. Sudlow's, the Carnarvan Castle, in that village. The day was fine, and the sport was capital. By the rules agreed upon, each charge of shot was limited to 11: oz. In the first contest, Mr. WM illan and Mr. Hickson killed each of their three birds, and in afterwards shooting off the former gentleman won by one bird. In contending for the second prize, some excellent shooting was displayed between Mr. Philips and Mr. Graham. The whole meeting was marked throughout by the greatest unanimity and gratification—every one heartily entering into the pleasures of the day. The parties afterwards retired to Mr. Sudlow's, where a number of them sat down to dinner. In the course of the evening there was some good and amusing shooting at a mark in the ground behind the inn. LIVERPOOL V. BRISTOL.—A correspondent of Gore's Ad vertiser has addressed the following letter to that paper : On reading over the Bristol Mercury of last Saturday, 1 saw a paragraph from the Liverpool Advertiser, wherein it is stated there are 790 vessels in the port of Liverpool, not including those at Runcorn. On Sunday last, the sth inst. I had the curiosity to reckon every vessel in this port having a mast, except the Severn and Wye trows, and the following are the numbers :-104 vessels on the Welsh Back, Grove, Wapping, Butts, and Quay, to the stone bridge, bottom of Small-street; 14 vessels from the Old Glasshouse down the Hotwell-road, and including Cumberland Basin, except a couple of old craft in the Floating Dock ; total, 1.18 vessels. This includes a French lugger, two Neapolitans, and a Greek ship (not one American flag afloat in the port), 17 ships and barques, 14 brigs, 8 steamers, 79 sloops and schooners, total 118, leaving a balance of vessels in favour of Liverpool of 672 ! This certainly is a very great odds, which lam very sorry to see as regards Bristol.-1 am, sir, yours, &c., Bristol, 9th June, 1842. ONE OF THE PEOPLE. THE FUNDS, WEDNESDAY EVENING.—The English funds to-day have presented no feature whatever beyond the mere maintenance of yesterday's prices, which the ordinary run of business enabled the jobbers to effect. Money was rather more in demand, although no absolute want of it was felt, as the settlements in the foreign stock and share mar kets drew off some of the floating capital. Consols for the account closed 91* to ... 3 s ; 3 per Cents. Reduced, 911 to 1 ; Bank Stock, 167 to 168; Exchequer-bills, 475. to 495. pre mium ; 3A- per Cents. Reduced, 100 to l s ; and India Bonds, 235. premium. In the foreign market there was some fluctu ation in prices, and in the course of the settlement in Spanish a defaulter for a small amount was declared. This unfortu nate occurrence in some degree caused an unsettled feeling at the close of business. Spanish 3 per Cents. closed 234 to ; Ditto, Actives, 21.4 to 22i s Mexican, 36 to A- ; Brazilian, 66 to 67 ; Belgian, 102 to 103 ; Chilian, 87 to 89 ; Dutch 21. per Cents., 521 to 53 ; Portuguese 5 per Cents., 37 to A ; Ditto, 3 per Cents., 21* to 221- ; and Colombian, tit to 264. THEATRE ROYAL.—The drama of " Maximums and Speciments of William Muggins" is having a successful run. The moral of this piece is to show that by industry and perseverance success is certain, while vice and idleness must meet with their deserts in ruin. Miss Bennett, as Wil liam Muggins, acts throughout with great vivacity and spirit ; she appears to enter into the fun of the character with bon gout. Mr. Baker, as Sniggers, excites great risibility, as does also Mr. Selby, the author of the drama, as Massa Saunders. His dancing in the Quality Ball is immensely rich. This scene is the best we have seen for a long time. Mr. Nantz makes " a palpable hit" in Canterbury Toni. It is quite equal to T. P. Cooke's Long Tom Co f fin—in its way an admirable performance. This character Mr. Nantz turns out quite artistically. It is even better than his Manti lini, and that is very clever. There are some pretty dances interspersed through the piece which are highly applauded. Mr. George Vandenhoff and Mrs. Warner have been playing Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, the Stranger, and Mrs. Hal ler, and other characters very successfully. Next week Mr. James Russell, the singer, (the original Bob Logic,) makes his appearance, being engaged for a short time. Want of attraction surely cannot he complained of, as a cause of the theatre not being filled every night. CAUTION TO OWNERS OF DOGS.—Eight individuals were yesterday fined ss. each at the Police-court, for allowing their dogs to be at large. They for the most part pleaded in defence of the charge that the brutes were not theirs, but it was proved that they showed an intimacy with their alleged masters, that sufficiently established the ownership. Several persons thought they would be exonerated by declaring that the dogs belonged to other parties,—were merely placed under their charge, and some how or other broke loose. This, however, did not exonerate them. A good deal of fun was excited by a Mr. M`Gee, one of the defendants—a publican residing in Spital-fields, and a man of quaint ap pearance, and exceeding good humour. The policeman said lie followed the dog to his door, and that.both parties were evidently well acquainted, and on terms of the greatest friendship. " I assure you," said Mr. M'Gree, smiling and laughing, " he does not belong to me : he belongs to a man who came from Birmingham, and left him with me to take care of," (Much laughter.) You must pay the fine, said Mr. Rushton. " What !" said the defendant—his face still the picture of merriment, " must I pay for another man's dog ?" " Certainly," was the reply. He paid the money with the greatest good temper—remarking with another smile, '• I'll never pay for another man's dog again. I'll have nothing to do with dogs again." (Great laughter.) Mr. Rushton remarked that the town was infested with useless, half-starved curs, which, for the safety of the inha bitants, to whom they were also a constant source of annoy ance, it would be well to drown. MANSLAUGHTER—FATAL FIGHT.—On Monday night a fight took place near Oxton, on the Cheshire side of the river, which terminated in the death of one of the combatants. It appears that on Monday two stone getters, named Edward Halewood and William Evans, along with some other men were celebrating the " rearing" of a house in Oxton, after which they went to the Carnarvon Castle, public-house. This was about half-pait ten at night. Whilst in the public-house Evans and Halewood tossed for threepence, which Evans won. Halewood, hurt at the loss, desired Evans to return the money, and on his refusing a quarrel took place. A fight between them was the consequence, in the course of which Halewood received a blow which rendered him insensible for five minutes. The landlord then turned them out, and they, went to the quoiting ground, where they renewed the fight for two hours, at the end of which Halewood was carried away perfectly insensible. He died at one o'clock on Tues day. A farmer who was attracted to the spot by the noise, attempted to separate the combatants, but could not succeed, and it is stated that the police could not be called in, as they were at Ellesmere, engaged in putting down a riot. The de ceased is represented as a man of indifferent character, and very quarrelsome ; and Evans, it is said, is of a quiet, indus trious disposition. On Wednesday an inquest was held on the body of Halewood, when the jury, after hearing all the evidence, returned a verdict of manslau g hter against Willm. Evans, and he was committed to Chester Castle, to take his trial at the next assizes. SINGULAR RECOVERY OF STOLEN PROPERTY. —On Tuesday last, a gentleman and his lady who reside at Holt hill, arrived in this town from a tour to the Lakes, and re turned homeward by one of the Birkenhead steam-boats, at five o'clock the same evening. On reaching the hotel they left a large trunk and a large tin box, both containing wear ing apparel and other articles,in the lobby, intending to send thir servant for them when they reached home. In about an hour and a half afterwards the servant girl was accord ingly sent down to the inn to see them brought home, but they were not to be found. Inquiry was consequently made, and it was found that they bad been taken to the Railway office, at Birkenhead, and forwarded to Chester, as part of the luggage of a pretended " gentleman," who, it is sup posed, had the morning before arrived from Dublin,'by one of the mail-vessels, and who had partially taken upon his quarters, pro ten:pore, at the hotel, and ordered dinner at a late hour, to which lie appeared having crossed the Mersey in the same boat with the gentleman and his wife. It -appears that, shortly before seven o'clock, on leaving the hotel, to which he had gone with only a small portmanteau — as seen by one of the servants—he affected to be in a hurry to proceed to Chester, and represented to another attendant that the two packages were his luggage, which he wished to be taken to the station. No suspicion being entertained, a man was sent with him along with M. On reaching the sta tion and taking his place, it was found that the weight of the packages was considerably more than one passenger was al lowed to take without extra charge, and, after some demur as to payment, he submitted to have each piece separately weighed. Not being satisfied with the result, he had the whole (including his own (?) small portmanteau) weighed separately, but with no advantage to himself, and he eventually paid the amount of extra charge required, and took his departure. He left by the last train for the evening, so that there was no opportunity of pursuit that night. The gentleman, however, went to Chester by the first train on Wednesday morning, but with scarcely a hope of recovering his property. On his arrival at the Chester end, he found that a police inspec tLoirvesvraptsohoaplt,reas the n en d t who bad accide ntall y and previously no ticed'trunks were add ressed to th eir owner in h e identified hi s delivered gentl g the ta re ke m id u th s b t eem be min s at o do m e e tahf m ete i r st t a h k e anden,l,hai or t they should be called for. Theoffice, keeprequestedh t e!n u o f then tittinquiry clerks inki his property ; it was of course shon over to him im mediately, acrd he returned to his home, havin g recov ered man accom panied to the Birkenhead station by a man from Mr. d n i o s t u opportunityrbed. T he o f delinquent tearing o b ff e being the direc tions al w —illon Willoughby i bt n hy g e, s had a n y g ; and if such we re his intention subse quently, he was equally unsucc essful on the road and at the Station in Chester. But for this circumstance, the whole would probably have been irrecoverably' lost. The fellow appears to have " smelt a rat," and never appeared to claim the packages. He is represented as a tall, genteel-looking man, with long black hair, and dark complexion. PASSAGES FROM AN EDITOR'S NOTE-BOOK. (For the Liverpool Standard.) The reading world, before whose eye these pages will shortly be placed, have but a meagre idea of the strange medley of occurrences and communications which daily oc cupy, and often distract, the attention of the conductor of a public journal. The occasional puppyism and pretension of would-be contributors; the stupidity of would-be censors; the eternal pestering, upon every variety of subjects, by every variety of anonymous impertinents, constitute a stock of an noyances which is sufficient to overwhelm the patience of any ordinary man. But these are not the whole. In addi tion to the ordinary pains of editorship,—for most of which the column in a journal headed " Notices to Correspondents" offers itself as a kind of " escapement " or safety valve,—the mind is oftentimes harrowed by occurrences more saddening and intensely painful, from the contemplation of which no prompt escape offers itself, even to the most selfish, and which are the more trying because, in too many cases, the hand which would relieve is hopelessly and utterly power less. How often has the journalist to check unwittingly and unwillingly the enthusiasm, or perhaps to blight the hopes, of talent, which seeks through his columns to develope itself to the world ! Genius even—that worshipper at the shrine of all that is beautiful in earth and heaven—how often does the hard, utilitarian spirit of this unimaginative world com pel him to deny, to the passionate outpourings of its fervid soul, that access to the public ear which is readily accorded to the matter-of-fact communications of matter-of-fact men! Many is the wayward and sensitive spirit which cruel neces sity compels him to chill, and which, once chilled—once eclipsed—is dark and cold for ever. It is painful to be com pelled to inflict even a slight upon such; and Heaven knows how soon a slight is imagined ! But even more painful than this it is, to see that very talent—that very genius—which has wooed him in vain, in its primitive excellence and beauty, driven by circumstances, or by its own waywardness, to de+ aceud to the level of the occupation which has thus met with denial its pleadings. Such sights, unfortunately, are not rare —nay, they are rife—;n the world of journalism. The highly gifted, the profoundly learned, the imaginative, the philoso phical, in too many instances, may be found, at the present moment, bowed down to the actual drudgery of the press; toiling, in very bitterness of spirit, in merely subordinate or casual employments, from which their feelings and their tastes alike recoil ;—their life alternately a wild, self-mocking revel, and the struggle of a conscious slave for the means of existence. With such men the avocations of the conductor of a pub lic journalist of the first class bring him into frequent con tact ; and, if not devoid of all the better feelings of the heart, how frequently must his very soul be wrung, as he contemplates misery, which he cannot relieve, and which, too often, all the efforts of man, if exerted for the purpose, would fail in relieving,! The shattered frame may be re paired ; but the wrecked intellect—never ! The ravages which dissipation, anguish, or disease have made in the body may be effaced ; but who shall light up again, in all its purity and beauty, the spirit which dwelt within ? The broken casket may be hound together ; but who shall re store its lost water and brilliancy to the trampled gem? As well might man hope to give back their odour and freshness to the faded flowers, which autumn strews upon his path, and winter sweeps away to rot amid his desolation, as to restore the freshness and beauty of the youthful spirit to the mental wrecks which bestrew the field of our periodical literature ; and it is this bitter consciousness, induced by the contem plation of beings born to illumine, to thrill, to delight man kind, reduced by disappointment, and too often, by folly and misconduct, to grope in the common sidepaths of intellec tual labour—the noble stimulus of literary ambition lost, and the mere animal necessities alone impelling them — which constitutes the most painful of the feelings with which a journalist has to contend in his every day career. A case of this description, more affecting to myself be cause I knew-the unfortunate being in question in his days of boyhood, came recently under my observation ; and I propose, in future publications, bringing its leading features before the notice of the readers of these " passages," in the order, and occasionally in the language in which I find them entered, at the time, in my journal. The name, I may premise, is, for reasons which I need not detail, not that properly belonging to the individual. ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S CHURCH SCHOOLS.—We beg to call attention to these schools, and to recommend the object to our readers. They are situated in the most thickly popu lated part of the town (in which poverty and ignorance pre vail), and for which on Sunday morning next, an appeal wilt be made by the reverend incumbent to the Christian inhabitants of the neighbourhood, and we hope a liberal contribution will be the result. Mr. CRONIN'S LECTURE ON CONSUMPTION.—On Wed nesday evening Mr. Cronin delivered a lecture at the Por tico-room, on the subject of consumption. #le traced this dreadful disease from its commencement, mentioning the various supposed causes whence it arises, and quoted many au thorities on the subject. Mr. Cronin, in differing from other medical men, asserts that consumption does not arise from a tuberculous deposit in the lungs •, but that the mus cular system, losing its healthy action from debility, occa sions the ribs to fall in upon the lungs, whence cotmgestion arises,—next inflammation, and the consequence ulcera tion. The lecturer instanced, that if any part of the body were to be pressed upon by any substance for a continuance, the results would be similar. Mr. Cronin then introduced several of his patients, who, one and all, bore testimony to the efficacy of his mode of treatment, and spoke warmly as to the benefits they bad received. The mode of operation was next exhibited, and the effect that would be produced shown on the human frame illustrated by diagrams. The lecturer was frequently applauded by a numerous and respec- table auditory. - - THE ACCIDENT ON THE RIVER. —We gave, in our second edition of Tuesday, and repeat to-day, a statement of the fact that the Acadia, in going up the river on her arrival from America, ran foul of the Cleveland, Woodside ferry-boat. It appears that the Cleveland, which is an iron steamer, built by Messrs. Page and Grantham, about seven years ago, was lying at anchor near the Woodside slip, with her bead to the northward, and being much lower than the Acadia, the paddle-wheel of the latter passed over her stem and deck, in an oblique direction, from the larboard bow to a point near the starboard paddle-box, tearing away bulwarks, wind lass, and deck ; breaking them into small pieces, and mak ing sad havoc all around, in its powerful revolutionary transit over the little vessel. As might be expected, the huge wheel of the Acadia did not escape without breakage, for large pieces of its iron arms and rim were left in the Cleveland, which was thus " clawed " down as a little fish by the " flipper " of a Leviathan. The concussion, and subsequent pressure of the wheel, forced the fore part of the Cleveland entirely under water ; for a person who went on board of her, shortly after the accident, states that it appeared as if the water had covered the deck as far as the foremast! Three men were sleeping on board at the time, and they state that the Cleveland immediately reco. vered herself by springing up with the greatest buoyancy. Had this not been the case, she would instantly have filled with water through the large hole broken in the deck. On a careful examination of the Cleveland's hull, it was found that the damage was confined to the wood-work, as before mentioned, and that not a rivet or a seam was disturbed, or the slightest injury sustained in the iron-work, of which the whole shell of the vessel is constructed. This well- known vessel has met with several severe concussions from other vessels, but we are informed that her iron hull is now in as good order, to all appearance, as on the day she was launched. We mention this without any reference to the relative merits of iron and wood. HENLEY REGATTA.—The regatta at Henley-on-Thames commenced on Tuesday, and finished on Wednesday ; and notwithstanding that it was attended with some disputes of too trivial a nature to trouble the general reader with, it was productive of a high degree of interest. The first race was for the Challenge Cup, to be decided in three heats. The first heat was between the Cambridge University Boat Club and King's College, which was easily won by the Cantabs. The second was between the Etonian Boat Club and the Oxford London Aquatic Club. This was a sharp and spi rited contest, and was won by half a length by the Etonians. Then came the grand heat between Cambridge University Boat Club and Oxford London Aquatic Club. It was a sharp, splendid, beautiful race, and brought down shouts from a vast assemblage. They started level, and in about half a minute Oxford had slightly the lead ; in another mi nute they were scull and scull, and in this way at an almost incredible speed to the winning-post. It was generally con sidered a dead heat at first sight, and then a report was in circulation that Oxford had been beat. The umpire, D. Bishop, Esq., being referred to, he pronounced the Cam bridge crew to have won by a " foot." The Stewards' Chal lenge C ep was next rowed for, between the London St. George a Boat Club and the Henley Dreadnought, which was won by the latter. The contest was renewed on Wed. nesday, when the Stewards' Challenge Cup, value 75 gs., was to be rowed for. The Dreadnought (Henley) and the Midge (London) were the opposing parties. The Midge took the lead, kept it, and won easily. The next prize was the District Challenge Cup, for four-oared boats, for which there contended the Windsor and Eton Boat Club, the Dol phin Boat Club (Oxford), and the Isis Boat Club (Oxford). This was a good race, and was won, after a hard scruzgle, by the Windsor and Eton Club. The g r and race—" the Derby" of the day w as the last. It w as b e t ween th e L on d on Subscription Room's Boat Club and the Cambridge Univer sity Boat Club, for the Grand Challenge Cup, value 200 gs. Both crews bent forward on the signal being given, and started away together. The University' boat appeared, after a few pulls, to be heading, but a trifling spirt, and they were as at the moment of going off. The Rooms' boat then made a dashing effort for the pride of place," and gained it by a foot ; heavy and long pulls succeeded each other in rapid succession, but the Rooms boat still headed by about a foot and a half, and the acclamations of the multitude were not lost upon the competitors. The Rooms' boat's crew tried to increase their lead, but without effect it was difficult work to retain the advantage the had gained, nor could the opposing party overhaul them. The London Subscription Rooms' Boat Club won hy a third o f a l engt h on l y , am id s t loud and deafening plaudits. DEATH OF DE• ARNOLD, 01, RUGBY.—We have to an nounce the death of the Rev, Thomas Arnold, D.D., head master of Rugby school, which took place at Rugby, on Sun day morning last, after a few hours' illness, of a disease of the heart. He bad been master of Rugby school fifteen y devoted th e whole of his time years. Dr. Arnold had latterl y unoccupied by scholastic duties to his Lectures on Modern History and to bis History of Rome, and was contemplating a retirement, in t he course of a f ew years, to h i s f avour i te residence at Fox-how, in Westmoreland. Dr. Arnold had, we believe, attained the age of 52. He was born at Cowes, Isle of Wight, and was the son of the late William Arnold, Esq., collector of he r Ma j est y 's customs of that port. He was educated at Winchester School, and from thence went to Corpus Christi College, Oxford. He was afterwards fel low of Oriel. Dr. Arnold married a daughter of the late Rev. John Penrose, and has left behind him a numerous family. gracious, an d nods and bo b s her hea d The Princess Roya l has already;; commenced her education in the art of being '‘ about at the carriage window, most condescendingly to the multitude. — Cheltenham Looker-on. gazing and admiring' London now measures 7 3 miles in length from east to west, by a breadth of 9 miles from north to south. Its circum ference, al l ow i n g for various inequalitie s , i s es ti ma t e d at 30 miles, while the area of the ground it covers is considered to measure no less than 1S miles square. It is about to be proposed that the episcopal clergy of Scot land should re-assume a "becoming c l er i ca l d ress ," i n t h e form of •' single-breasted coats, short cassocks, and shovel hats."—Edinburyh Witness. CHARGE OF SWINDLING IN LIVERPOOL. On Wednesday a most extraordinary case came on for hearing at the office of Messrs. Leigh and Eaton, Leigh street, before two of the county magistrates, John Formby and Theodore W. Rathbone, Esqs., in which an elderly man, of very respectable exterior, named Thomas Parr Gilmour, was charged with having, under the firm of " Messrs. Gil mour and C 0.," of Liverpool, and " Messrs. Tomlinson and C 0.," of Chester, obtained goods and property of seve ral respectable traders in London, Birmingham, Sheffield, and other places, by means of fraudulent representation. The case excited very considerable interest on the part of several gentlemen who attended the investigation. The prisoneris a tall, red-faced, and good-looking man, apparently between fifty and sixty years of age. The upperpart of his head is en tirely bald. His demeanour was for the most part calm, but occasionally the observations he addressed to the court were delivered with a great deal of indignant warmth. He seemed extremely anxious throughout to make the public believe that he was a►i injured man, and that he was suffering under an unjust accusation. Mr. Evans conducted the case on the part of the prosecution; and the prisoner was defended by Mr. Henry, by the side of whom he sat during the day. The first witness called was Mr. Joseph Mason, who keeps a hosier's shop at Bootle, who stated that the prisoner called at his shop on the lOth of the present month, and purchased a neck handkerchief for 9d. He paid by a check on a Chester Bank for £5, and witness, after some iittle hesita tion, gave him the difference. He subsequently thought all was not right, and meeting the prisoner, demanded his money again, which was ultimately given up. The prisoner, when the witness met him, did not appear to know his lodg ings, and took the latter into a house were neither of them were known. This case, however, broke down, as it turned out that the bank on which the check was drawn had about £l5 of the prisoner's in their possession at the time. Mr. Evans then said, I shall now show the bench that the prisoner, who would fain consider himself an innocent martyr, because the first charge has not been fully substantiated, has been in the habit of ordering goods in the name of Tomlin son and Co., of Chester, and Gilmour and Co., of Liverpool —that he has concealed himself—that he has locked himself up—that he ordered goods in all parts of the kingdom—that be employed an ignorant lad to write letters at his dictation— that he had no place of business but his sitting-room—that goods were sent off from different parts—that he represented himself to be a merchant when he was no merchant—and that the goods so ordered were sent in bulk to the pawn brokers. I shall produce two pawn-tickets for part of the goods which were pledged; and if I show all this, I shall be entitled to have him remanded, because if, by fraudulent means, he has obtained goods without intending to pay for them, my request to have him remanded will be strictly correct. I think I shall be able to show further that his son, a youth under twenty-one years of age, conspired with him to obtain the goods without ever intending to pay for them — in point of fact, that the prisoner has carried on the system for a great number of years ; that goods earns which never were shipped off in the regular way, as merchants are in the habit of carrying on their business : but that they were sometimes pledged, and sometimes sold. That no money was paid for them; and that whenever any application was made for payment, a letter of the description I hold in my hand, of which, I believe, I have four in my possession, were sent to the parties in reply. I shall commence by reading the following one of the 4th of November, which was addressed to Messrs. T. and W. Badger, of Copper street, Sheffield, immediately after the receipt of their goods : " CIRCULAR 32. " Disappointed of their remittances, Messrs. Gilmour and Co. have been obliged to call a meeting of their creditors, and offer them a composition of ss. in the pound, or resort to bankruptcy, as the majority may decide. " Liverpool, Nov. 4, 1841." The next letter was dated December 18th, 1840, and is as follows : - _ _ " Liverpool, Dec. 18, 1840. " Gentlemen,—ln want of lever witches for exportation, about £6 or £7, rather flat, jewelled in four holes, good movements—say two dozen in silver cases, not engine turned. You will please state the quantity you have in stock, and the terms, and prices to merchants. We should expect a good watch at the above limits, cash in four months, or subject to 7-1 per cent. discount at our option ; and by the railway, please forward two of your best make not exceeding £7 7s. at the most, and referring to Messrs. Lawson. " We are, Gentlemen, your obedient servants, " GILMOUR and Co. " Messrs. J. and E. Bracebridge, 8, Red Lion-street, Clerkenwell, London." In the former letter we find that they had been obliged to call a meeting of their creditors, and by the next, which was written to Messrs. Wilson and Son, of Sunderland, it will be seen that the meeting was to have been called on the day it was written. Here it is : " CIRCULAR 21. " Indirectly involved by the recent failure of .a house, Messrs. Gilmour and Co. are painfully compelled to call a meeting this day of their creditors, to submit to them a com position of ss. in the pound, or resort to bankruptcy, as the majority may decide. " Liverpool, 21st June, 1841." I hold a letter in my hand dated the 18th of October, in which they call themselves, " men of probity and long stand ing," and yet in a letter written a few days, before, they offer their creditors ss. in the pound. Mr. Henry.—This is a case, if I understand it rightly, of obtaining goods under false pretences. If so, the best way to proceed would be to show that the goods had been ob tained. then to show the false pretences, and next, the letters should come in in a secondary way. I cannot see why the letters should be read in the first instance. Prisoner.—No false pretences were ever use&l. Mr. Evans.—l shall prcceed to examine another witness. Stephen Wainwright was then sworn and examined as fol lows :—I am a baker, and'reside in Princes-street, Chester. I was some time ago in the employ of the prisoner, at Chester. I think it was about August last that I was in his employ. I did not know his name when I first wentinto his employ. I was about a fortnight in it without knowing his name. He employed me to act as clerk for him, and to write his letters. - The letters were generally short ones. They consisted of the prices of goods to the trade. [Handed a letter.] This is one of them. It is in my handwriting and is as folluws " No. 2, Upper Northvale-street, " Chester,loth July,lB4l. " Gentlemen,—We request your prices to the trade, " And remain your obedient servants, " TOMLINSON AND CO. " Per S. W." The following handwriting at the foot of the foregoing letter is Mr. Gilmonr's : P.S.—Send us per railway, on Tuesday next, two levers, capped and jewelled in four movements, about £5 to £6, to commence with, and two verge for youth about 355., and two gold, ladies', £ll Ds., at three months." This letter was addressed to the Messrs. Bracebridges, of London. Mr. Gilmour told me how to write this letter. He looked over me at the time I was writing it. I write or ders for goods to varions parts of the kingdom for him much in the same way. They were all signed " Tomlinson and Co." [Handed another letter.] This is in my handwriting. It is addressed to the Messrs. Bracebridges, and reads as fol lows : No. 2, Upper Northgate-street, Chester, 14th July, 1842. " Gentlemen,—We have your letter of the 13th, and refer to Peter Free, Esq., banker. " Your obedient servants, " TOMLINSON and Co. Per S.W." The following postscript to the foregoing letter is in Mr. Gilmour's handwriting : " P.S.—lf some samples of your watches do not reach us upon Saturday, we give the order to a traveller of another house." The witness here identified the letter to Messrs. Brace bridge and Co., of the 18th of December, 1840, and which was previously read, as being in Mr. Gilmour's handwriting. Mr. Evans here proposed to read a letter he had received from Bracebridge and Co., in which they seemed to have re cognised the handwriting of the letter in December, 1840, and the postscript of the one was written by the prisoner at the foot of the witness's letter as being from one and the same person. Mr. Henry objected to the reading of this letter, and Mr. Wainwright's examination was continued as follows :—I have corresponded more than once with Mr. Gilmour's son. [Several letters were here handed to the witness.] These are the letters I received from him. I have seen the person I call his son at Mr. Gilmour's lodgings in Chester. I re ceived the letters, by post from him. The three I have in my hand are dated the 13th, 17th, and 19th of August, 1841. These letters were signed " John " only, but the witness was unable to prove that they were in the handwriting of the prisoner. Mr. Evans then applied for an adjournment of the case in order that he might be able to collect evidence to prove that fact. Mr. Evans said he would prove that repre senting themselves to be merchants, they obtained, under that representation, goods, which goods they immediately sent to the pawnbrokers in London; and he would put the pawn-tickets in evidence to show that they never intended to conduct their business as merchants, but that they con verted the goods into money in the manner stated. He would show two cases of this description which occurred in March last. One was the obtaining from Shenstow and Mills, of Birmingham, which, from the following letter, would appear to have been pledged at Goolden's pawn-office in London : " 22, Parkside, Knightsbridge, Nov. 17, 1841. " Sir,—l have inclosed you a note for five pounds, and a post-office order for one pound, being the utmost I could ad vance upon the silver and plated goods. They would be of much more value if they were in sets of twelve or eighteen, but a single dessert knife and fork is of no use for sale.—l re main, sir, your obedient servant, EDMUN D GoorDEN. " Mr. J. C. Gilmour, merchant, Liverpool." In this letter there were two pawn-tickets enclosed. Samuel Billington examined—l am a tailor and draper, and reside at Birkenhead. My partner's name is Joseph Jenning. The prisoner called at our shop about the 20th December last, and gave an order for a coat. He asked our terms. We said that from strangers we expected ready mo ney or a respectable reference. He said he had been used to six months' credit, but that in this case his income would be due in a few days, or about the time the coat was finished, and that it would make no difference to him to pay us cash for it. We accordingly made the coat, and when it was finished a young gentleman called for it, stating that he was son to Mr. Parr. The prisoner had given " Parr" as his name. Ido not remember that he gave any Christian name. He said that he was a gentleman living on an independence. He gave his address, " Chester-road," near Tranmere. The son said his father had not quite made up his mind whether he would have a velvet waistcoat, but that he would call the next day. The son appeared to be a respectable young man, about 18 or 19 years of age. In about eight or ten days after we made inquiry for the prisoner, and found that be was gone. We ascertained that he bad been living with a Mr. Taylor at Chester-road, and that he had gone by several names, such as " Parr Gilmour" and " Gilmour Parr," with an " esquire" sometimes to the end of it. (Laughter.) We never got paid for the coat, but I believe the prisoner has the very article on him at present. We looked after him for many a day, but could never find him, The person he lodged with said his name was " John Parr Gilmour, Esq." I would not have delivered the coat were it not for the representations of the prisoner, that he was a gentleman of independent circum stances. The witness's partner identified the coat which the prisoner was wearing as the one made at his establishment. The bench, on which sat two magistrates of the county of Cheshire, refused to remand the prisoner on this charge. Mr. Evans.—Then upon the second case I call upon the Lancashire magistrates to remand the prisoner for a week. Prisoner.—lf they do it will kill me, for Lam troubled with a spitting of blood. Mr. Evans.—l require him to be remanded in the case of Messrs. Shenstone and Mills of Birmingham, where goods were obtained by him in the character of a merchant, and afterwards pledged with a pawnbroker in London. Without entering more fully into the case just now, I wish him to be remanded in order to get further evidence. There are other cases also against him. Prisoner.—What day were they pledged? It was my son, and not me, that pledged them. Mr. Evans.—There have been other goods obtained from a Mr. Dunkley. for the New Zealand market ; but, instead Zealand, cases I wish y ou to remand for and,the were sent direct to of pa w lo n e b in r g ok s e e r n . t to New fu r ther evidence for a week. The witness Wai nwri g ht was here recalled, and, examined both those as follows was in the employ of the vrisonor for only two or three weeks. To tell the truth, a box came from Wol verhampton during that time, It was directed to "Tomlin son and C 0.," and labelled Glass—with care." It was not there more than a day when the prisoner directed me tocome to Liverpool, with it, which I, did, and bought a direction Mk.! .EM11.1.%. card and directed it back to London, but I forget where. I believe I paid for the carriage of it. Nothing more ever came to him in my presence. I heard: the prisoner order Eland, the tailor, to make him a dress coat. I saw Eland measure him for it. I believe that coat was never paid for since. I used to write thirty letters per day. They were for prices and patterns only. Mr. Evans here put in the following letter, which Wain wright acknowledged to be in his handwriting : " No. 2, Upper Northgate-street, Chester, 3d July, 1841. " SIR,—We request your prices to the trade for fluid mag nesia, of which you may send us three dozen small bottles, and one dozen syrups—(laughter)—cash in two months from delivery " Your obedient servants, " TOMLINSON and Co " S. W. " Mr. W. Bailey, Wolverhampton." Mr. Evans said he bad put in this letter for the purpose of showing that orders for goods were written by the witness, and not orders merely for patterns and prices. The following charge was then drawn un and signed by Mr. Squire Wovendon, Superintendent of Police :—" I charge the prisoner, Thomas Parr Gilmour, with having knowingly, unlawfully, and designedly, at Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, on or about the 10th of October last, by false pre tences, in Liverpool, then and there made by him—that is to say by pretending that he was a merchant in Liverpool and a shipper of hardware, obtained a quantity of cutlery of the goods and chattels of Messrs. Shenstone and Mills, of Bir mingham, and from the said Shenstone and Mills, with intent then and there to cheat and defraud them of the same con trary to the form of the statute in such case made and pro vided." From what I have heard and seen, I suspect the prisoner. Mr. Wovendon, in reply to questions from Mr. Henry, ad mitted that he had received his information of the prisoner's acts solely from the letters which had been read, and that he was unacquainted with the firm of Shenstone and Mills. The prisoner protested that he was innocent, and that he might as well be accused of sheep-stealing. He said they might as well take his life at once, as he had neither written the letters nor received the articles. The prisoner was then remanded until Wednesday next at twelve o'clock, to be then brought before Mr. Rushton, at the Police Court, for further examination (the information of Mr. Wovendon having charged the offence to be commit in Liverpool, and not in the countf,y), and to be imprisoned in the meantime in the Borough Gaol. The prisoner was removed in a coach in the custody of the officers. The pro ceedings terminated shortly after twelve o'ciock. CONSERVANCY OF THE MERSEY. (From Wednesday's lecznehester Guardian.) There is now before Parliament a bill (brought in by the members for Liverpool, and promoted by the corporation and dock trustees of that toive) for the conservancy of the river Mersey, to which we think some portion of the atten tion of the inhabitants of Manchester may not unreasonably be directed. We have now before us a copy of the bill, with a series of amendments, to be moved by the Earl of Lincoln, the First Commissioner of Woods and Forests, and which amendments may be presumed to exhibit the intentions of the Government in reference to the bill. The main object of those amendments appears to be to vest the conservancy of the river in a commission to be composed of the First Lord of the Admiralty, the Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster, and the Chief Commissioner of the Woods and Forests for the time being, who are to exercise all the powers possessed by the admiralty for the maintenance of the navi gation of the river, and the removal of nuisances and ob structions therefrom. They are also to have power to ap point an acting conservator, with such subordinate officers as they may consider necessary, and to pay such sala ries and allowances as they may deem reasonable and proper. The active conservator is to inspect the channel of the river at stated periods, and to direct such removal of ob structions, and such dredging and cleaning of the channels, as may seem requisite. One of the clauses further requires, that no person shall erect any pier, wharf, embankment, or other work, by which the flow of the tidal water may be in any way impeded, without previously giving three calendar months' notice in writing to the acting conservator, and to the clerks of the peace for the counties of Lancaster and Chester. Such parties are also required to furnish plans of their intended erections, which are to be lodged with the act ing conservator ; apd the commissioners may, if they think proper, on application of the town councils of Liverpool, Manchester, dr Chester, or of other parties interested in the navigation, direct'the parties proposing to erect such works as aforesaid, to transmit copies of the above-mentioned plans to such town councils or interested parties, at the expense of the latter. The mode of raising the funds for working this bill (which will be by no means inconsiderable) is at present very doubt ful; being merely shadowed forth in the following skeleton of a clause (the .24th), which we subjoin as it stands in the printed bill:— " And in order to provide a fund for payment of the ex penses to be incurred in carrying this act into execution, over and above the costs and expenses to be specially pro vided as hereinafter mentioned, be it enacted, that it shall be lawful for the mayor, aldermen, and burgesses of Liver pool out of their borough fund, for the trustees of the Liver pool docks out of the fund of their estate, and for and they are hereby severally and respectively authorised and required to pay to the said commissioners yearly and every year, by such payments and at such times as shall be required by writing under the hands of any two of the said commissioners, such sums of money as shall be required for the purposes' aforesaid, not exceeding in the whole in any one year the sum of in the proportions following; (that is to say) equal parts thereof by the said mayor, aldermen, and burgesses ; other equal parts thereof by the said trustees of the Liverpool docks; other equal parts thereof by and the moneys so paid to the said commissioners shall be applied by them for carrying this act into execution." Who the individuals or public bodies may be, whose names or designations are intended to fill up the preceding blank, we cannot offer a conjecture. Possibly, as the town councils of Chester and Manchester are associated with that of Liver pool in a former clause, it is intended to allow them also to join in bearing a part of the general expenses of working the act. Certain specified charges, including the expenses of obtain ing the act, are, however, to be defrayed solely by the town council of Liverpool, out of their borough fund. Whv, we certainly do not see; for, though the bill may have been a private one on its first introduc t io n, Lord LThcoln's amend ments, if adopted, will convert it into a public act for the re gulation and extension of the powers of the High Court of Admiralty in the tide-way of the river =Mersey; and the ex pense of it ought to be defrayed by the public. THE EDGE-HILL SCHOOLS. TO MR. J. COLQUHOUN. SIR.,—In stating that there was " not a syllable of truth " in the charges brought by you against the Edge-hill Infant School, I beg to assure you that 1 had no intention of accu sing you of a wilful m isrepresentation of the facts mentioned in your letter. At the sam e time, it is obvious that, where correct information can be obtained, but is not, it is an in sufficient reason for bringing a grave charge against indivi dual's of good reputation, that the writer believed it to be true. In this case, no foundation and a false foundation are the same thing as regards the responsibility of the accuser. As, however, I understand the expressions quoted above have caused you pain, from the inference which might be drawn from them, I gladly relieve you from the imputation of being actuated by a malicious intention, or of stating anything which you did not believe to be true. I am, sir, your obedient servant, FREDERIC BARKER. Edge-hill, June 16, 1812. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. Sra.—lt has been with sincere regret that I have read the Rev. Mr. Barker's letter to you upon the subject of the Edge hill schools. On Saturday evening last I was waited upon by two gen tlemen connected with the schools, when 1 at once avowed myself the author of the letter which had appeared in the STANDARD of Friday, and stated the evidence upon which I had acted. It was then arranged, as I understood, that all parties should meet at the Infants' School at seven o'clock on Tues day evening, and I accordingly repaired thither accompanied by the child and its mother, and a number of other persons whose information had induced me to bring charges against the institution which I at the time solemnly believed to be true. The interview, however, did not take place, owinv to the non-appearance of the gentlemen on the part of the schools. I was subsequently waited upon by Mr. Parker, the master of the boys' school, and another gentleman, and I then col lected such of my informants as I could hastily gather round my own door, and I believe Mr. Parker and his friend left my house convinced that I had what I thought to be good grounds for the charge. I cannot, perhaps, adduce a stronger evidence in my favour than Mr. Parker's exclamation, after he had heard the parties, viz., " Well, I must allow that if such tales had been told to me, I might perhaps have acted as rashly as you have done." That the child was shut up all night in the school is not attempted to be denied, but that it was done intentionally I do not now believe. I may add my sincere regret that the charge should have caused indisposition to Mrs. Parker; from what Mr. Parker in the most gentlemanly manner stated, I am satisfied that the schools have been discreetly conducted. I have acted rashly it is true, but I acted from the purest motive—a desire to rescue the infant children of my poorer neighbours from what I believed to be unnecessary severity; _ but finding my information to have been exaggerated, it gives me great pleasure to state it thus publicly. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, J. COLQUHOUN. Edge-hill, June 16. MR. T. DUNCOMBE AND THE CHARTIST PETITION ; SAID TO BE SIGNED BY 3,000,000 OF CHARTISTS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. SIR,—It appears to me that Mr. Duncombe and his " national petition," as it has been called, have been allowed to pass by too quietly, and many even of sound men are in the habit of speaking of the Chartists as a very large portion of the community, which is not at all the case. The best way of investigating a tale of romance is to reduce it to real life; and the best way of analysing a peti tion of this sort is to reduce it to figures. The case then will stand thus : Mr. Duncombe admits that 1,000,000 out of the 3,000,000 were the signatures of women and children. Now, the population of the United Kingdom is .. 26,870,144 Of which two-thirds are children Leaving of adults Half of which, or 8,956,716 4,478,358 are females. We have, then. Mr. T. Duncombe, with his usual effron tery, declaring that half the adult male population of the United Kingdom are chartists, a matter which every man must know to be a perfect absurdity. But Mr. O'Connell has declared that there are no chartists in Ireland ; and as the adult male population of Ireland amounts to 1,367,563, we have to deduct them from the 4,478,358, leaving but 3,110,795. This same leader of these mighty men of straw would then have to admit that two-thirds of the population of Great Britain are chartists. Where are they to be found ? These national petitions are all very fine, for nobody can scrutinize them ; but I would like to throw out a challenge to Mr. Duncombe. This town of Liverpool contains a population of say . 300,000 persons, the male adult portion of which would amount to 50,000, and I will challenge this chartist leader to shew that one-tenth even, or 5,000 of them are chartists. I had the pleasure not long since of taking the chair at an anti-chartist meeting. in this town, when they were sp ecially but to attend and defend the charter, and they atideo: but about 200 to 300 mighty men of valour were all tr aigama id_ be found, and I believe they were made up tion of those beautiful ingredients, viz., chartis ts, and socialists, d that all such by trtbfstas, papists, I doubt not that it will be invariably e fol i n petitions similarly got up, and introd tuegje d turn out to be _, the same bom bastic manner, will, when thus inves mATTBR-OF-FACT. all fudge.-1 , am, &c., one who wishes it. My name is at the service offy Fresh butter, we ar e informed was selling in Pontef rac t market, on Saturday last, at 6d. per pound. HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN DOWAGER. We can now positively contradict the rumour which for some months past has been current. asserting that it was the Queen Dowager's intention•to pass the forthcoming winter in Italy. It is the intention of that illustrious lady to remain in this country this year, and arrangements have within the last few days been made, which are as follows : Her Majesty, accompanied by her august relatives, their Serene Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Saxe Meinin gen, will leave Marlborough House this morning for South ampton by the railroad, a special train having been engaged for the accommodation of the illustrious party. Earl L 3 owe, the Earl of Denbigh, and several other members of the royal household will attend in the royal suite. On her Majesty's arrival at Southampton a Government steamer will be in readiness to convey the Dowager Queen and party to Ryde, a t w hi c h place the august visitors make a brief sojourn. The object of the royal visit to the Isle of Wight is for the selection of a suitable resWence for her Majesty and the limited circle of her household ; and as several plans of houses both at Ryde and Cowes have been submitted for the royal favour, it is at present uncertain which of those marine resorts will be selected by her Majesty, Her Majesty returns to Marlborough House on Friday or Saturday, the latter day we hear, and will then go to Bushy fora fortnight or three weeks. It is said her Majesty does not intend to reside beyond three months at the Isle of Wight, and it is fully believed will pasithe winter in the metropolis. — Wednesday's paper. TRAGICAL STORY.—On the morning of the 29th of April, the city of Mexico was thrown into the highest excitement by a report that Mr. Egerton, a landscape painter of great talents, had been inhumanly murdered at Tacuhaya, together with a woman with whom he lived as his wife, of rare per sonal attractions, and who also possessed high endowments as a landsdape painter. Tacubaya is a small village some three miles from the city of Mexico, and is a place where many families of distinction reside, especially in summer. The palace of the Archbishop is also in Tacuhava, as well as the summer palace of Santa Anna. It seems that on the even ing of the murder, Egerton and the unfortunate woman were walking in a large garden attached to their residence, as was their custom. While walking they were attacked by some person or persons unknown, and both of them murdered. The body of Egerton was found some distance from that of the woman, run through apparently with a sword. Near him was found his walking-stick much hacked, from which it is evident he made a stout resistance. That of the woman was found, also stabbed and otherwise horribly mangled, and this induces to the belief that she also resisted to the last. She was enciente at the time, and within a short period of her delivery, and the perpetrator abused her in the most shameful manner before taking her life. Her face was scratched and otherwise much disfigured, and a large piece was bitten from her breast ; and the perpetrato r , probably fearing that she might not be rec ogn i se d , wrote ' her name upon a piece of paper, and pinned it to a fragment of her dress, the most of it having been torn off in the struggle which ended in her death. The form a ti on o f the letters of her name were plainly English, and this circumstance ren ders it certain that the murder was neither planned nor ma tured by Mexicans. Mr..Pakenliam, the British Minister, had exerted himself to the utmost to arrest the perpetrators of these horrible murders, and he had also been assisted by General Valencia and the Mexican authorities ; but up to the latest dates no clue to the authors had been discovered. As no robbery was committed, as the watch and money in the pockets of Egerton, to gether with the jewellery of the unfortunate woman were left untouched, it is almost certain that the act, by whomsoever committed, was one of revenge. Egerton had a wife and family in England, and some two years since eloped with the murdered woman. He has since lived with her as his wife. Rumour also has it that this female was engaged to a young man in England at the time of the elopement. Whenever Egerton left his residence at Tacubaya, he locked her up, and never permitted her to go out except in his com pany. This circumstance was undoubtedly well known to the perpetrator of the murder. The whole affair is shrouded in mystery, and thousands of speculations are afloat in Mexico in relation to it. The one that receives most credence is, that the murder was planned in England, and carried out by some acquaintance of the woman as a matter of revenge. Another story is, that Egerton had been involved in an armour with some fair Mexican ; but this receives but little credit. Time only will solve the mystery.—New Orleans Picayune. THE OLD STAGE COACH,—At a late dinner given by the Shrewsbury coachmen and guards to the Hon. Thomas Ken yon, that gentleman, in proposing the health of Mr. R. Taylor, coach proprietor, made some interesting statements on the subject of stage coach travelling Among other things he said—" As a coach proprietor, Mr. Taylor was one of the most spirited in the Kingdom. He had at one time two of the very best coaches that ever ran in England, the Hirondelle and Wonder. No coach in England established for itself a higher reputation than the former. On one first of May, (the precise year he could not recollect) it accomplished its journey of 123 miles in eight hours and twenty minutes — a speed few coaches could ever boast of. He (Mr. Kenyon) was in Shrewsbury that day, and saw a team of four greys belonging to Mr. Taylor enter the town, which had done their nine miles in thirty five minutes. He recollected that there were two ladies inside the coach, who were infor formed that, as that day was appointed for a trial of strength they might, if they were frightened at the speed, choose any other conveyance they pleased, and should be forwarded on their journey immediately; but their answer showed good blood—they said they were not aware that they had come at the great speed they had, and that they preferred going fast. With regard to the Wonder, he himself left the Lion Yard, Shrewsbury, one morning at six o'clock, and was at Islington at seven the same evening—being only thirteen hours on the road. On that occasion, he was driven by four of the best coachmen he ever saw. Another instance of the reputation the Wonder had acquired was given him by his friend Sir Henry Peyton, who had informed him that he had frequently seen persons at St. Alban's regulating their watches by the Wonder coach as it came into town. This was the only instance he had ever heard of a coach regulating the time. It was clear that the coach could not have gained such a name for regularity without good cattle and good coachmen ; and it was to the proprietors that they were indebted for them." THE PUBLIC PRESS.—To a close observer of the occur rences of the last fifty years, the almost imperceptible, yet certain advance of the press of Great Britain cannot fail to awaken astonishment and conjecture. Gradually increasing in height and strength, nourished by adversity, strengthened and fostered by tempests and storms, it has indeed become a mighty and a giant tree, " whose height reaches unto heaven, and the sight thereof to the end of all the earth." Recog nising no law but its own will—now yielding to the blast — now guiding the lightning of wrath to the proud, the tyranni cal, and the vile—claiming to protect beneath its broad sha dow the rights and liberties of the people, the dominion of the laws, and the integrity of the state—making its strength to he known in the very inmost conclaves of councillors and kings—never was there in any age or clime aught that might be made productive of so much good or evil as that mighty, wide -reaching, penetrating energy concentrated in the exist ing public press of the civilised world. And iu no country is this more true than in Great Britain. The immense in tellect continually augmenting its resources—rendering avail able the wealth and information of the merchant, the subtlety of the philosopher, the stores of science, and the loveliness of art—with the increasing demand for knowledge and the numberless opportunities for mental championship to exhibit its strength, have combined to render the press as a body, the most influential and respected for its talent and integrity of any that have ever divided the public attention, or de manded the public applause. From the mere chronicler and gazetteer of court balls and of battles, it has become the monitor of kings and the counsellor of senates. It would be hard to point out any advance in popular knowledge or liberality to which it has not most materially contributed — any cause involving the interests of liberty or truth in the van of which it has not fought. Small and distant is the first cloud on the political horizon : a humble individual has been punished for a resistance insignificant, though meritorious, if it involved some great principle ; tidings of persecution and suffering roll hurrying onward, until the overcharged heavens, lowering with indignation, burst in v engeance upon the oppressor; and in times of public inert ness or agitation--now lashing the ocean into wrath, now calming the waters into peace and serenity—its efforts have been as beneficial as its power is unprecedented and im mense.—Australian and New Zealand Magazine. THE SIBERIAN EXILES.—The following interesting de tails respecting the treatment of offenders against the criminal laws of Russia, who are sent to Siberia, are given by the Gazette des Tribunaux, on the authority of a correspondent at St. Petersburg :—" Although the government banishes to Siberia criminals condemned by the tribunals, it provides for them in that part of the empire the means of employment, which are often preferable to what they could obtain in their native places. Each excile receives, on setting out, two shirts, a long surtout, called a zipoun, and a pair of boots. These articles are for his use during, six summer months. For those of winter, he is provided in addition with two other shirts, a long cloth great-coat made of sheep-skin, a cap of the same material, woollen gloves and stockings, a pair of common boots, and another pair lined with fur. All these articles are new, solid, and of good quality. When ever a caravan with convicts passes throu g h a p rinci pal town, these articles are examined in presence of the governor and anyrepa of them are in b a d con dition,iredt _c) r exchanged f or his superior officers are ; immediately and, i f others entirely new. A physician, specially appointed, retche daily the the hospitals hospitals of ex amines into the health o f each person in the car avan. If any of the prisoners are fo und to be too enfeebled t o proceed on t fo h o e t io t w h n ey . apreuprilnagcetdheinjoucranresy, g o e r ac r i e i man in exile necessary forot Siberia jo urney . his food. Such exiles as are small destined o f t o m t o h n e ey colonization and rest during the day. They march by stations,- by night, certain distances. The station-houses are solid buildings, surrounded by strong palisades, and are at the extremity of a village. Their generally erected distance from each other is about twenty-five verstres leagues); but that this journey may(about fi ve F ren ch not be too great, .parti cularly in winter, resting place s have been established half way. way. The station - house is a clean and commodious lf build ing, almost comfortable, compo se d of four large rooms, and a fifth for women who may h ave followed their husbands , brothers, or near relations. These women are permitted t o travel in the cars which accompany the caravan. Attached to each station-house are kitcl and at ieus and storehouses, every 100 or 125 vestres, that is, 4th or sth stat ion, is an establishment of steam-baths. When the exil es have - arrived in Siberia, each receives an order to proceed to the colony for which h e i s i ntended. Near the h i g h roads, the government of Tobolsk, Yenisseysk, and lronsk, somegaob fine colonies of this nature may be seen, distant f Tu m resque other about five or six vestres, which present a ry e s on the appearance. They are usually established invallee midst of banks of rivers where fish is abundant, and in t ' In elegance forests, which colonists find of great service otfhe n., and cleanli and solidity o f cons t ruc ti on , regu l a rity p l•fi `-! nest villages of ness, these colonies may be comparec i l a t heabited by four exiles, Western E ur ope. Each house is • perso n, on account of , m or families of exiles, of who some eh mas ter of the hous e , his good conduct, is looked on a s n i ons . The house s are and has under his orders his eo,_,F m n e f aca de, well enc l osed, of wood, ornamented with a b a n e aso spac i ou s court, two s t a bl es, each containing four chambers, the Amongst ofeach village i s l i n and two store-houses. ~, buildings on all sides. Amongst placed a large square, with public offices, and the habitations them are the church, the d employes. Storehouses are overseers an belonging to the . h h are placed agricultural instruments also erected, in w- ': co rn, as well as an apparatus for • ' extm stores of seeds andg ia, °whole colony is surrounded b guishing fires- ~,,,,de , having but one outlet t y an . 9- , I!. which is tremely high 0" .. 1; ax . Each ex .receives, • the s entry , „.. . ~ en his plued axe. i a p , u b , awlcuiturat instruments,arrival in the colony, an articles' necessary for his use, and household tc for t a cow, a horse, and n e also gardene wo Years, seed for I a sheeP• hi for his g ; and it is • sowing and vegetables . .not until the third that be begins to pay a small return to the public year treasury. •Instructions given to The the heads of districts and govern ts enjoin them to encouran men continually, in every possi ble s y.y, the colonists, and give them t h e y can to brill"' to se them back g ood feeling. nanishment, ntiments of propriety and ceases to b e considered in the place where it is under done,ered a disgr ace ; an d h e w h o i s n ot deeply depraved, can only The ties of see in it a s t e p t o soc i a l h a ppiness respected. The wife rel a tionship,, or even f r i en d s hip, a re re li giona l 4 not separated from her husband, tb children fro m the father F lather nor the female from her betrothe' Every thing is, intact, encouraged, which can inculcate s cial serail:oe remarkable' 43 i.O the mind of the exile. Bat though V 44 improvement on the penitentiary system is st pursued by the Russian government as regards criroin 49 diminution of i severity ha e tbeen permitted towards enders. The rigour which has a litical off Ys Y hitherto fir Olgust its still continued." *it ~. lam I