The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1848-08-08 00:00:00

POS. my of a w 0" subject, was p r oceedin . 3 completely 4 ,ce looks as substantii i• Ice from the oth of which ,eriod I beve )odies of two mas li r a l4 ' r ig Saturchil; ne child, aMI led a Pew? 'orks. It I h ; he WOWiu commun ity t than sh o p; the counter; ibuted ? r eil e ion in w n , , , 0' Conn eu's ug h all tb_ e !I' they we' he chose t. his star W i tu w ith to' which f:f(f)e: t y and the them in ty they 1157 s', and in ~40 t exPeusl IttELAI4e• Brown, the ord V o te' „pprebe i r t leaders. atholic ser co palians _. tion first va own sen, t he sted on as not done/ stet hapel a 4 nd that I=, .d there..-o r Is. The Pr ° . : service." Dublin ori othecarY Confede re , ante of t; r use ont • of* 7ho is tor's she? , i t a nt bleetv ee red to { W erste to oP ) ff his uv t ,n was,c7 o ; the a', lying Win, w hen t o pr i s one n ,, docum e a ture . 5 ar of of lie arto9 M ° regt • a rchl ell ' l oc rn eecie tl° ? Any f e e,- m ight fl y-one r o d, were 14 he breast, t set' eked, 1, wing,the; women c o looking , ie"' orrow v „ 5 t lves -0 2;4 n, se,c, D t be soup In-"' 0 celves o • their ° • n n and sr "" , Rppe."" SCOW. the Dis h ?! ;di Bo' Lcbester ty On :anchesterf rtion to it ° repreSen i ti l red, wow lity of the ,hedrat 105 windowe,i orth an. n ee ChaP. O el. ent, rePi-' Wailes, the cenes Erin' rue, grea.tl and all Oa hey the Lill:ll! yOll r_j rector t., 3 1 on" n i:11 ' )etter th aching vr, ) the eso, -to 51 e r .ble e 51W at we Wh9 $0 yen ietY. Gentlenl.4z Wed , nr., 0 )6 bility deg . ie firs were P a° r. ;,i, tinly at,66 btal, e igh rit 01 on, bur9f section place' iv itb [NO a Y+ 01 i A " r tra , - c t : o ne by 13 Lfd 5 the be ges 1' th° ,cting 013 9 e o f to ia he re e 1,00 ro , d la ce ing P o to p dr!: ag o-, th , ons ' D as' • deo' 0- are cA 'dea but S o f ,heac l o i s s , the 00' rtiag Tbe, sat. , or ht b. icb b° nt of 00 0 " wag ear' 01' he con o da , e of g oo ds 'sod ag eke ali' off t r as Pe i tll nolf -1 e rrio purY• t ios' n u. 1 - in ) c. + tha t ‘0 u ' e of the r an eciate the undefs47 ; the: 010, [ i tio- 0 P Sha re s ft , AY. • tbe rsleY A 'derr go; ,tgt i e fenci,4oo , xlsu, , v et to r e T s cal f s ' ral be ore',lso for for for_ fo el q refe r tters 0 0 raa beto e f i e d (t 3 Tiagnalote Algest 8, 1848. Etteraturt. VARIETIES he- re are i n th e U n i te d S tates a b out 10 , 000 l awyers , 4‘sta). s urgeons, and 20,000 c l ergymen o f a ll s e c ts. i ! you wish t o k now w h et h er any b o d y i s super i or t o the P re judices of the world, ask him to carry a parcel for you. eoi tLWll .. at is the greatest abuse of all that the country b a s_ iv i oeu i t . l l3, s t i ldyB A in . e. Quack medicine. Because it is the most cure '—Punch. boy, do you know what syn-tax means ? (said th B s eh°olm aster to the child of a teetotaller). " Iss, sir ; / , 40 tY upon sperrits." lii otaire, speaking of law, said, " I never was but twice My life completely on the verge of ruin ; first, when I ,a law suit ; and a cseondly, when I gained le"nenever you see person insult his inferiors, you may I) ,,l ts sured he will creep to his superiors ; he will act the ti,'",_°f a bully to those who cannot resist, and of a coward !nose who can. 154 131.4 .°K " BULL."—At the free black settlement in 4 c a , a police or d onance was l a t e ly issued, by which it 1 . orbidde n th at " any person should publicly worship je c if i p gat °ts, thunder, or other reptiles, or they will be sub- Ti t i ° a Penalty not exceeding ten shillings." pe e following lines, said to be prophetic, have been cur -Ig4l many many years in Germany :—" I would not be a king a ; I would not be a soldier in 1849 ; I would not be higtavedgger in 1850. But I would be whatever you r'sa,,,se in 1851." AR R deb,, (VERY) RUM DUTIES.—There has been a long hate"' on the " rum duties." It followed the debate on th is the ministry had done —or, rather, had not done, sib is l s easion! By the bye, a whig never displays the spirit, but it is sure to turn out rum.—Punch. b ab t i lle Bost on C hronotype i nforms us t h at a gu t ta pe t c h a t aac lhas been made in New York for connecting the 214 f m eri of one of the large mills in Lowell, which is ° llt 700 eet .o dollars antwo wide—all in one piece. Its value is . PA e 0 „ - sTING EXTRAORDINARY.—A fashionable morning 4Ch'emPorary, on last Monday week, made the following p s -°° °eement :—" Mrs. Bates's breakfast is unavoidably ~sMoned till the 26th instant." An awful time to go Zithout one's breakfast ! We sincerely hope poor Mrs. Bates may not have been starved.—Punch. e total number of persons who emigrated from the gLt ed Kingdom, in the year 1847, was . 258,270. This a r .""ce as many as emigrated the preceding year. The i a ,, l ;age yearly emigration for the ten years ending in CI, was 104,000. Of the emigrants of 1847, not fewer 1.02,000 sailed from the port of Liverpool. IRISH AND REPEAL.—I did not find any of the veasant r y who had the remotest knowledge of what is ant by repeal. Their ignorance of its meaning may be leen in their common form of speech ; " Ireland will do l a!) good till she gets back repeal !" or, " Sure didn't England take the Repeal from us !"—Autobiography of a 'Working Man. BEAUTY IN A WIFE.—A young man married a wife nose only claim upon his rega rd was her personal beauty. 2 1 e - said to him at the end of one of their quarrels— Xou don't love me; you cannot look me in the face and s aY that you love me." " You mistake me, my dear," 'red he, " for it is only when I look you in the face that can say that I love you." TH Eti CHILDHOOD OF MARY LEESON. By MARY :I°WITT. Darton, London.—" I have often been asked," .. ,Ye Mrs Howitt, "to write a work on education • peo • ave imagined that, because I had children 'of my I must understand the subject." We are of the litre opinion, and can sincerely recommend this valuable h° work, sh ow i ng as it d oes h ow b eau tif u l i s th e t ru th, 7 mean and cowardly is a lie. LO RD ELDON'S PROPHECY.—JuIy, 1830.—Now occur the three days of July which placed Louis Philippe 4 citizen King on the throne of the Bourbons. On the 4 1 . L 0f August Lord Eldon said :—" The Frenchmen are / 11 - ' l 4 what cannot long exist, a Rupublican dent - nent with a king at the head of it. They will soon find o t hat such things cannot co-exist, and revolution has Yet done it s wor k i n th a t coun t ry , I p ersua d e m y s elf." ADMIRALham, PAKENHAM.—Once when Admiral Paken- I tan t ° , one o f our renowne d naval officers, landed at Ports skrtb, a friend as k e d hi m h ow h e l e ft th e crew of his P* " 0 (said he), I left them all, to a man, the mer ..eswt!ellows in the World."—" How so ?" asked his friend. -LBY (repli e d t h e a d m i ra l) , I fl ogge d seven t een o f th em , bee they are happy it is over ; and all the rest are happy uiause hey have escaped." tel e 1 114 " GREAT PHYSICIANS.—The bedside of the p 3 r ated Dum ou li n , a f ew h ours before he breathed his r ! was surrounded 'ay the most eminent physicians of i r I S , who aff ec t e d to b e li eve t h at hi s d eat h wou ld b e an breParable loss to the profession. " Gentlemen," said " you are in error. I shall leave behind me them r e e you physicians." Being pressed to name swe'A as each exp ec t e d t o b e i nc l u d e d in the trio, he an- S Water, Exercise, and Diet." pl e A LT WATER AND F RESH .—W e h av e just had the tahte t b u ea r sr e r of drinking as s king a goblet of water taken from the sea sparkling and aqueable as if drawn from tell the Purn l 3 in London : indeed, it was impossible to led ' difference. The water had been previously distil- In t p b r eo Process l way, and then treated by the simple gal patented by Mr. Crosse. The inven -1.1, for emigrant ships and others on long voyages, will be i n valuable. —The Emigrant. r e a AU RELS AND LAUREATES.—In a snug nook, shelte from the north and east winds by Helvellyn and Fair eld, Wordsworth has for many years cultivated his own l aurels with success, till he is absolutely imbowered in th em. The origin a l s li p, f rom which all this throng of ree nery has spru ng , i s sa id to have been a cutting from a of a bay-tree planted by Petrarch at the tomb of virgil, which tree was unquestionably derived from the IN • yin g root of that which supplied leaves for the gar ,,1141 of Apollo, and assuaged the divinity of his brow, „""en he hired himself as poet-laureate to King Admetus, L. ll daily s tipend of a hornful of milk.—Blackwood's Magazine. 0:1 (34 IO OF DEBT AND CREDIT.—The Morning Chroni- Tijuaa a Icearticle on the law of debtor and creditor. j„, e essay is finely conceived and logically conducted, 'lParting to the trading world in general one unexpected t an tnf ert• For instance, "at this moment," credit is in a thins wholesome condition. Hear the Chronicle :—" At Moment, not less than nineteen shillings in the pound tl ap • e7 erY body's money is fructifying or evaporating, as .I‘,4;,., c ase may be, in the pockets of somebody else." tb e " , as nineteen shillings in everybody's pound is one in 1 )4 ?ockets of somebody else, it follows that everybody h as s tnwe everybody nineteen shillings, and as everybody owe.Mneteen shillings to receive, why everybody, in fact, It ' everybody nothing. th e , ( NAN CATHOLIC NUNNERIES.—It is only now and cm - ,Nce get a glimpse at the interior of forethse ecclesiasti ed su arnbles. A gust of wind raises a moment the tl ei g t e of the pall, and we see the festering rottenness hid th its dark folds. The world takes no note of ese p ass matters. A traveller, in his summer excursion, o s trY a convent, and he may admire it for the beauty buttsi a rchitecture, or the romantic perfection of its site ; ra tip _," spares no thought on the unfortunate persons im so4,", within its precincts, who have been deluded into a tsp'AMn repudiation of all that adds dignity to human na be Or meaning to piety. Can anything more shocking rat:tr c eived than that young women should be incarce can h in the se ecc l es i as ti ca l b as til es , a t an age w hen they kal t : av e no experience of the sacrifice they are about to toot - ; that they should bind their souls by an oath to to out for ever human instincts from their hearts, and Ilej e „gard human affections henceforth as a sin against of 1 ;; e n ? It is frightful to reflect upon the state of mind Of heoman so situated when she first awakes to a sense DosZ.,!iituation. Daughter, wife, mo!her—for her the velq . of these relations cease to exist. Reflection is tie The position she has chosen is irrevocable—or she k o e ll t es it so. Month follows month and years steal by tsar t e i tn nously enotwh, so she resigns herself to the for tikies of a saddened and lifeless devotion.—Times. kili t t renEs IN PARIS.—That thin man, with his thin t a :Y,_ waist, his long thin bronzed face, his thick 44 • B ,,: c ues and t u ft e d beard, and his dark, somewhat g ~ereyes gleaming forth from beneath a calm but to hoar " r ow, who is riding at the head of a brilliant staff, ene ral Cavaignac, the military commander of the 44 1 1,: i the aut ocra t i n t o w h ose h an d s th e N a ti ona l As- I the r , of France has confided its destinies. Although, esis - 'te removes his plumed hat to salute those who le ?4rt6"Dirn now with enthusiastic acclamation, he exhibits ~3, bald, yet his general air is that of a man in the litlW r i goiir of his best years, in the full active use of his ./etit; °lll, . See ! at the head of another group is a still ` 11 (1 man of military command. His face is fuller Nol' a ,ndsomer • and his thick mustaches give him a his bold look, which does not, however, detract from de CePossessing appearance. This is the young General r, attloriciere, also of African fame. He is now minister 1 !11 0 1 There are others, also, of the heroes of Algeria, Par ty aVe not fallen in the street coat, in which so g eld, ' who had earned a reputation tithe open battle kie received death by the hands of their fellow.country 11* I 814" n every sketch are to be seen, as prominent hi eti these military rulers of the destinies of France, n t. tia , t a loo le k w u days have again changed so rapidly. We tw e lves pon their striking portraits, without asking the country hand in hand.—Blackwood's Magazin , . ° 1 ,, i ,04 4 . 4 a c i11e OF THE BUFFALO.—The following instance eat w ge, sagacity, and attachment in the Buffalo, rivals ta g wn e read in the pages which Mr. Jesse, Captain hs a t ,nd other enthusiastic naturalists, devoted to hold „,"e canine species to our admiration :—ln the indj o i c ": March an occurrence took place in . the division P I b e br rt° (residence of the Sourabaya) which deserves o MEd cmlght to general notice, as a new and striking r5,„, (4 , the attachment of animals .. towards . their to tpurvey la ule local tte Ze ge truth authorities of the division there have inquired of the facts mentioned below ; cannot, w t4 tfi'lr , be the least doubt about the matter. On the h e A r .ch a boy eight years of age, in the Dessa Gilang, il t/ M tb e in g some buffaloes in a wood not very distant bragged village, when he was unexpectedly seized and 0 1 ; the b l o t way by a tiger. At the cries of anguish uttered to e of No nwo buffaloes immediately came running u l p, jtyat eased the attacked the tiger with such success that he ; e boY and seized the buffalo above the knee 44 d t wb . h th e be ti le a short fight ensued between the buffalo baea w .g e r , which ended in the flight of the latter. In tis e bo t 4 'line the other buffalo had placed himself over elt the boy, which was lying on the ground, in t s 4 cor i d'Y as to cover it entirely and to protect it against u t i tt att ac k g t ies of the tiger. The . people of the neigh tba qed had in the meantime armed themselves and th .ugh h , s itu killed the tiger. The life of the boy, al •gh b was severely wounded by the tiger on the right -ge nt ele, is t th e . Whi ch th e yet despaired of. The peculiar attach- Nta c it ' herd, is e two buffaloes in this case showed towards eat p art texplained by the circumstance that for the OP e a ge of the e Young natives, who take care of the pas t raor animals, bestow extraordinary attention on te,:r btactkhse.i_r flock, that they generally remain in - "Y itY, and sometimes pass a large portion of the mgapore Free Prue. THE MISSIONARY LABOURS OF ENGLA N AND ROME. (From the Colonial Church Chronicle.) The difference seems to be very remarkable between the missions of Rome, and those of England. The Roman missions have had a grand commencement and a splendid promise, and then a grievous and shameful decline. Our missions have advanced from the poorest beginnings, with long years of anxious struggle and patient waiting ; and then, at length, the development of unexpected blessings, and the appearance of sure and settled results. We may adduce the rapid and healthful expansion of the Church of England, in its true apostolic form, throughout the United States, the \Vest Indies, and British North America, after more than a century of cold neglect and heart-sickening disappointments, that attended its establishment in all the earlier settlements. Or if we regard its extension among the heathen, we have never known a church, bearing the appearance of a more sure foundation in the native soil, than that in New Zealand, though for twenty years and more it was "as a root in dry ground." And so likewise, after a century of most languid effort and continual failure in Hindostan, we have now seen springing up, from seed sparingly sown many years ago on the borers of Tinne velly, the most promising plant ever witnessed in the East ; a large and compact community of christians, weaned al together from their heathen customs, and exhibiting the quiet and enduring feature of the parochial system of England. A further reflection has occurred to us while carrying on this inquiry, which, if the facts bear it out, is one of eventful interest. It would appear, that into some of those fields of labour where Rome had entered with such mag nificent promise, but where, in the lapse of ages, her power has sunk, or been altogether driven back, the Church of England, feebly indeed, and imperfectly, yet, we trust, on sound and apostolic principles, has been introduced and is making its way. It would seem as if Rome had been tried and found wanting ; and that the providence of God had opened the way for another and a purer church. Just as the Spanish and Portuguese empires, under the shadow of which the Roman missions went forth, have been broken, and another empire, diverse in kind, yet surpassing in power, has established itself on their ruins, and England's maritime supremacy has superseded the brilliant fabric which had been reared by the chivalrous warriors that once issued from the Peninsula ; so it may be destined, that, together with the English empire, the Church of England should establish a more enduring as well as a more faithful rule amid the ruins of those more ' imposing structures which the faith of Rome had raised. Thus, for instance, the apostolic system of England is by degrees developing and extending itself, by a legitimate authority, throughout Hindostan, where the Portuguese empire and church had together formed some of their noblest conquests. Thus again, suddenly and most un expectedly, a way has been opened for us into China ; and two branches of the English Episcopacy, one about immediately to be planted from England itself, and one from America, planted on its borders, at the very time when the Roman missions in that land are supposed to be in deep depression. Thus again, in a still more surprising manner, Borneo has received a mission, which will, we trust, become the centre of a vast movement to spread over the islands, and the neighbouring continents, which were in other days the scene of the triumphs of the Jesuits. Then again, the Roman mission at Sierra Leone has been superseded by that of England. And again to the west, as the French colonial empire sank before the progress of Great Britain, so the older Canadian Church of the French habitans has been surrounded and overspread by the English. May we only prove faithful to so momentous a trust ; and may God give us grace to use the wealth and the might of this vast empire to the extension of the Gospel, the Church of our Lord ! lest we too, being found wanting, should perish with the greater condemnation, as we have been invested with the greater power, and blessed with the purer truth. There is one more striking characteristic of the present condition of the Roman missions, on which we would add a few words. While Rome has thus been driven from her ancient fields of enterprise, or else has suffered her esta blishments to decline, she has been concentrating her force upon those countries where she had in some places the claim of previous possession, and in others that of national supremacy, which, according to Catholic rule, should form the guide to the establishment of the church. The most powerful modern missions of Rome are to be found either within the British Isles, or else in the more open and defenceless field of the British dependencies. As in our previous observations we were led to mark the manifest tokens of the corruptions of Rome, exhibited in the lamentable decay of many of her most noted missions, so here we have to point out that unmitigated and unscru pulous hostility with which Rome has ever pursued all christian communions separate from herself, and especially her most powerful rival, and the one whose witness against her is the most formidable, the Church of England. It appears that the whole strength of the Propaganda, unlike the rule of St. Paul, who would not " stretch" himself " beyond his measure," or boast in another man's line," is directed against the foundations which the Church of England is endeavouring to lay within the bounds of our own empire. North America and Australia have of late years been the scenes of Rome's chief labours in foreign lands. The following brief contrast will show the formi dable nature of her aggressions, and at the same time condemn us for our own most inadequate and meagre outlay in the cause of the Gospel and Church of Christ, even within our own dominions. In Upper and Lower Canada, the Church of England has two bishops, about 200 missionary clergy, and numer ous catechists. Rome has in Lower Canada, one arch bishop, two bishops, two bishop-coadjutors, one hundred and seventy-five churches, twenty convents, and ten colleges. In Upper Canada, one bishop, one bishop coadjutor, and seventy churches. And at the Red River settlement, two bishops. In Hindostan, we number three bishops, and one hundred and three missionary clergy ; while the Church of Rome maintains twenty bishops, one hundred and sixty-eight European priests, four hundred and seventy-two native priests, seventeen missionaries, four colleges, ten convents and nunneries, and eight schools for orphans. It is—the—same everywhere. A Romish bishop reached New Zealand before Bishop Selwyn. Bishop Broughton was painfully laying the foundations of the Church in Australia, alone, and struggling with the smallest possible means, when a Romish archbishop, and a train of attendant bishops and priests, came and asserted more than co-ordinate authority. When the Bishop of Adelaide visits King George's Sound, a distant portion of his diocese, containing no more than 200 persons, he will find there a Romish bishop, a convent. and a college. While Bishop Grey is opening his mission at Cape Town, his diocese has been divided into two Romish vicariates ; and before he reached his see, a Romish bishop had been actually consecrated on the spot. STATE OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH (From the Quarterly Returta.). It is gratifying to observe a very remarkable improve ment in the state of the public health. The number of deaths registered in the three months ending June 30, was 46,552 ; which is less by 11,158 than were registered in the winter quarter of the present year, and less by 5,033 than were registered in the corresponding quarter ending the last day of June, 1847. The mortality of the coun try, after having been excessively high during the latter half of the year 1846, the whole of 1847, and the first quarter of 1848, is now little above the average of the nine years 1839-47. The mortality, however, is still much higher than it was in the spring quarter (April, May, and June) of 1844, when the number of deaths was only 38,977 ; which, taking the increase of population into account, implies a lower rate of mortality than has been experienced in the spring season of any other year. In London the deaths in the quarter were 12,945. The deaths in the preceding quarter were 16,455 ; in the quarter ending December, 1847, when influenza prevailed 19,605. Influenza has almost entirely disappeared ; it was the cause of death in only 50 cases during the 13 weeks ending in June. The improvement in the health of Liverpool is remark able ; while there were 4,809 deaths in the June quarter, 1847, there were only 1,907 deaths in the June quarter of 1848. In Manchester, Birmingham, and Leeds there has also been some improvement. Small pox and scarlatina have been the prevailing epidemics throughout the coun try. The deaths in London from diarrhrea, dysentery, and cholera were 11, 23, 13, and 14, in the first four weeks ; 27, 31, 37, and 51 in the last foul' weeks of the quarter. These three diseases are always most common in the months of July, August, and September, when the temperature is highest. The popular error which ascribes them to fruit was referred to last year. That it in an error is established by the fatality of these diseases to infants at the breast, to the aged, to persons in prison and public institutions who procure no fruit, and by many such facts as the following, reported about the middle of the last century, by Sir John Pringle, in his classical ac count of the diseases of the campaign in Germany : " Nearly half the men were ill or had recovered from dysentery a few weeks after the battle of Dettingen, which was fought on the 27th of June, 1743. The dysentery, the constant and fatal epidemic of camps, began sooner this season than it did in any succeeding campaign. Now, as the usual time of its appearance is not oefore the latter end of the summer or the beginning of autumn, the cause has been unjustly imputed to eating fruit in excess. But the circumstances here contradict that opinion ; for this sickness began and raged before any fruit was in season except strawberries (which from their high price the men never tasted), and ended about the time the grapes were ripe; which, growing in open vine yards, were freely eaten by everybody. Fruit, potatoes, and green vegetables are essential parts of the food of man ; and it is only when taken to excess that, like other articles of diet, they disorder the stomach. There is as yet in England no trace of the epidemic of cholera which is ravaging Russia from Moscow to St. Petersburgh and ascending the Danube. It raged in the summer of 1831, 17 years ago, at St. Petersburgh, reached Sunderland in October, London in February, 1832, Paris in March of the same year. Whether it will pursue the same course now, travel at the same rate, and be less or more fatal, must depend on a variety of circumstances. If the visitation cannot be arrested it is greatly to be wished that it should be deferred, for though enlightened communities have before been too much in the habit of postponing sanitary arrangements, and only commencing them when the plague is actually destroying them—which is very like admitting the enemy within the city walls and then putting the fortifications in repair—it is certain that the great capitals of the continent were never in a worse condition to withstand an epidemic than they are at the present time. LIVERPOOL.—St. Thomas's District : Deaths 214, or 148 less than in the preceding quarter.—Mount Pleasant : Deaths, including the Workhouse, 462, being 242 less than in the last quarter, and 545 less than in the corresponding quarter of last year.—lslington : Deaths 271 ; decrease in quarter, 195.—St. Georges: Deaths 112, under the average. WEST DERBY.—West Derby : Deaths 165 ; decrease, 71 on previous. quarter.—Toxteth Park; Deaths 349 ; decrease, 117 on previous quarter. Tiff LIVERPOOL ITAND*I'IL In the Registrar-General's report last week there are no less than twenty-one cases of cholera returned, while the average number for the last five years is only five. Three deaths are distinctly reported as occurring from Asiatic cholera. One in St. Giles'--in-the-Fields, the patient ex pired in thirty-eight hours-after the attack ; another in Bethnal-green, duration of illness sixteen hours. EXTRAORDINARY ACCIDENT:—On the 20th ult., when a number of young men were amusing themselves, as is their usual practice, by playing at cricket on Woburn Green, Somerset, Joseph Barnett, about 16,years of age, the youngest son of Mrs. Barnett, grocer, &c., when in the act of striking the bail, fell to the ground and broke both bones of hie leg. DEPLORABLE ACCIDENT.—On Thursday week Mr. Parker, solicitor, of Worcester, went up the Severn to enjoy with two other gentlemen an afternoon's diversion in fishing and shooting.. In returning, they got into a fisherman's boat, with two ,fishermen, and coming near to the weir, and the water being very agitated, the boat up set, and Mr. Parker and Mr. Smith, innkeeper, were unfortunately drowned. The other parties were with great exertions saved. DEATH FROM SEA SICKNESS.—Mrs, Frazer, with her husband, left Devonport on Friday for Exeter in the steamer, to fulfil an engagement at the theatre.. At her embarka tion Mrs. Frazer enjoyed her usual health, but during the voyage she became most seriously affected with sea sick ness. Paroxysm succeeded paroxysm of that violent and distressing nausea, until, totally exhausted, this unfortu nate lady expired in the arms of her husband about one o'clock the following morning. DEATH OF MR. BAINES, OF LEEDS.—Mr. Baines ex pired late on Thursday, in the 74th year of his age. He was the architect of his own fortune, having by industry, thrift, and ability, wrought up his way in the world from the position of a journeyman printer, until he became one of the most prominent men in Leeds. and the representative of that town in three successive Parlia ments. He was for many years, and up to his death, proprietor of the Leeds Mercury. He has left a widow, four sons, and five daughters. FISHING-ROD. QUALIFICATION. In the House 01 Commons, on Monday, Mr. Goulburn called attention, on the proposed reading of the Fisheries (Ireland) Bill, to a highly amusing and ludicrous feature of the bill. The qualification of those who shall elect conservators of the fisheries is to be the owning of a fishing-rod ! Sir Wm. Somerville thought it a very good and by no means a ludicrous qualification, that those that use the practice of capturing fishes should find the money and control the regulations of their conservancy. DEATH FROM FALLING OUT OF BED.—On Tuesday, the Leeds borough coroner held an inquest on the body of Elizabeth Whitaker, 45 years of age, wife a Joseph Whitaker, cloth-dresser, of Armley. The deceased, on Sunday week, retired to rest with her husband and child. The bed in which they slept was situate just at the top of the stairs, which were without bannisters ; and about two o'cloek the deceased fell out of bed and down the stairs, thereby receiving an injury to the spine which caused her death the same morning. DISTRESSING EVENT.—Margaret Scott, a young lady, daughter of a clergyman at Inverness, has perished in the River Ness. She was in the habit of making little col lections in botany and geology. One morning she went to the river to collect plants and flowers ; in attempting to wade across, apparently to obtain some flowers which grew- on the opposite bank, the current carried her away, and she was drowned in a deep pool a few hundred yards further down. When the body was recovered, a number of wild rose leaves and specimens of grasses were found in the bosom of the dress. POTATOES.—AUTUMN PLANTING.—The Rev. G. Rous, of Laverton, in a communication (dated July 24) to the Gardeners' Chronicle, iu reference to autumn planting of potatoes, says that he has some " Early Prolifics," planted in the beginning of November, and that although the haulm is nearly destroyed, the potatoes, with few ex ceptions, are perfectly good. " This," adds the rev. gentleman, " is my third year of autumn planting, and a third confirmation of the great advantage of it, both in the quantity and quality of the produce. I have a consi derable quantity of seedling potatoes raised this spring from seed imported from Chili in a most hopeless state." THE WESLEYANS AND THE CHURCHES.—At the Wes leyan Conference, last week, a short discussion arose as to the term " Wesleyan Church," when Dr. Bunting said that " though we all agreed as to our position as a Church of Christ, yet he had felt that the too frequent use of the words ' Wesleyan Church' grated upon his ear. He (Dr. B.) thought that the more scriptural and proper phrase would be ' The Wtsleyan Churches'—the Wesleyan socie ties being without doubt churches in the scriptural sense of the words." The Rev. D. Walton remarked that the words " Lutheran Church" were universally used as de signating the Reformed churches of Germany, Sweden, and Prussia. JENNY LIND.—On Saturday last, the performance of Mdlle. Lind, in 1 Puritani, closed the long and triumph ant subscription season, at her Majesty's Theatre, with unparalleled eclat. The great vocalist will take four days' rest, and then she will appear on Thursday and on Satur day in two of her most wonderful personations, Sonnam bula and La Figlia del Reggimento. These operas will bring some of the most crowded houses of the season. Not only numbers of spectators from every part of the country will avail themselves of the opportunity. having timely intelligence to arrange their visits to town; but august and illustrious personages have expressed their special de sire for these performances; whilst the members of the two houses of parliament, at present without engagement of pleasure, will be sure to attend. On Friday last, Joseph Todd, a gamekeeper to Captain Youngson, of Bowscaran, Penrith Fell, quarrelled with Miss Mary Dobson, the house-keeper, who left the house, the family being absent, and took refuge at the farm of a Mr. Jackson, which Todd hearing, he followed her, and immediately seized her by the throat and threw her upon the floor, and no doubt would have strangled her had not Mrs. Jackson and one of her daughters rescued her from his grasp. The cries of Mary Dobson, Mrs. Jackson, and her family, were so great, that Mr. Jackson, who was in another part of the premises, came to his dwelling and endvavoured to pacify Todd, when the latter raised his gun to his shoulder and shot him through the heart. The murderer was immediately secured and taken into custody. THE WESLEYAN& AND GOVERNMENT EDUCATION. — At the Wesleyan Conference now sitting in Hull, the Rev. Dr. Bunting said,—" It would have been better for Me thodism and the public if the voluntary principle would have enabled the Wesleyan society to have done without Government aid ; and he was happy to be aware that many schools would be maintained independently of such assistance ; but (he added) we could not answer to God or the public if we permitted 50,000 to 60,000 children, whom our unaided resources would not enable us to edu cate, to remain uninstructed from some high-flown senti ment of independence. Each separate school is left en tirely to the discretion of its trustees and directors, as to the question whether it shall accept or decline Govern ment aid. The utmost latitude of opinion and action is allowed throughout the Wesleyan body." A correspondent of the Preston Pilot calls attention to an interesting discovery, which has been made of caverns, in a hill called Kempshead, on the north-east sid of Ul verston Sands, on the demesne of the Earl of Burlington, and which he had the honour of being the first visitor to explore, They form objects, he says, of great natural cu riosity, and cannot fail to attract strangers. One of these caverns, all of which are similar to those in Derbyshire so well known to the enquiring tourist, is a chamber some twenty-five feet in length and sixteen in height. The second is described as a beautiful Gothic temple, fifty feet long, the roof and walls of which seem composed of stalac tites and petrefactions of every shape and figure, " here and there sparkling like diamonds, and glittering like rubies, and every part most chaste and beautiful." The entrance of these caverns is the forepart of the rock, about twelve or fourteen feet high. SEIZURE OF A VESSEL WITH GUNPOWDER.—In Con sequence of information, the Custom-house authorities seized, on Wednesday, the schooner Emerald Isle, of London, at Plymouth, bound to Dublin, with 300 barrels of gunpowder on board. She was laden with ordnance stores, beds, fire-engine, corkwood, &c., all of which were entered on the ship's manifest, but no mention was made of the suspected gunpowder, which was, however, entered crosswise in the cargo book, in ink different from that of the main entries. The captain states that the gunpowder was taken in the river, and that it is usual for vessels to leave without the second clearance. The facts of the case have been sent to the admiralty for their decision.—[The respectable house of Messrs. Pigous and Wilks has written to say that the powder was for an equally respectable house in Dublin, and was very much wanted for blasting pur poses, and that government must make compensation for the detention of the vessel. Verily, people makelhe most of• every trifle. This vessel ought never — to have been seized.] . _ _ VV AFFECTION AND COURAGE OF A RAT.—A few days ago, it having been discovered that a couple of rats had taken up their abode in the malthouse belonging to Mr. Fox, brewer, of Norton, near Stockton, a ferret was pro cured for the purpose of either banishing or destroying the unwelcome intruders, who had a nest it was thought in the ceiling, through which they issued by a large hole, and by this means contrived to " eat the malt that lay in the house that Jack built." Into this hole the ferret having entered, a huge rat almost immediately afterwards was seen to pop out and run along an adjoining spout, bearing in its mouth one of its young, which it carefully deposited in a pigeon's nest at the end of the spout. The rat then returned to the hole, and, in spite of the ferret inside, succeeded in bearing off one after another, in its mouth, six more of its young ones, to the same place of imaginary safety. When the animal had thus courage ously saved seven of its offspring from the merciless fangs of the invading foe, it was at length shot when in the act of going along the spout with the eighth young one in its mouth, and the seven it had saved were then found all alive in the pigeon's nest. MR. JUSTICE CRESSWELL ON CHARTIST VIOLENCE. — At the opening of the Commission of Assize at Durham, on Saturday week, Mr. Justice Cresswell in addressing the Grand Jury observed—" It is impossible that national Prosperity can exist where social order is all at an end. If any man will but take the trouble to read history with an honest desire to draw lessons of wisdom from it ; or if he will but attend to the events which are passing from day to day in the nations by which we are surrounded, he can' scarcely fail to arrive at a conclusion to that effect. I know that distress makes men easy to be misled, but they ought to know that there is no way more certain to aggravate that distress tenfold then by yielding to admo nitions to violate the law, and to endeavour to obtain by violence and force that which a man's industry can alone secure. Though distress. may co-exist with order, yet wherever turbulence and discontent, insurrection against the law, and a disregard of social duties are found, there prosperity can never exist.. But if reflections of this kind are not sufficient to prevent men from violating the law, I would have them- remember that the arm of the law is strong in this country. Let them remember that the majesty of the lnw•has been vindicated in the adjoining county, and thatetlaose who forget its injunctions are now suffering the ppsity, due .to. their :offences." On Saturday week, one of the guards of the London and Brighton Railway sprang , from an engine before it had stopped •on to the New Cross station, when he missed his footing,. fell back, and the • whole train passed over, crushing him to death. A perfect cure for the potatoe disease has at last, it is said, been discovered, and applied to the crop in Germany. Dr. Klotsch, of Berlin, has received a reward of 1,400 dollars from the Prussian government, for the discovery. The same manner of preventing the disease was discovered nearly at the same time, by the celebrated Professor Liebig, but Dr. Klotsch has tested it for the space of three years successfully, and on a large scale. The plan is to pinch off about half an inch from the top of the plant, when it has reached a height of six to nine inches. and to repeat the operation ten or twelve weeks after the time of planting, on all the stems of the plant. FAILURE IN GLASGOW.—We are sorry to have to an nounce the failure of the very respectable firm, in Glas gow, of Dunlop, Rowand, and Co., South American and Australian-merchants. They have branches at Liverpool, Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, Sydney, and Port Philip. There has been no meeting yet, and their liabilities are variously- stated at from £150,000 to. £170;000. Some houses here have been named as creditors for considerable sums, but so, far as we have been able to ascertain, the amounts mentioned are advances upon goods consigned to the foreign houses, and which will be kept distinct from the general assets. It is said that a large proportion of the debts will be owing to houses in India for produce shipped from thence to Australia.—Glasgow paper. SERIOUS CONFLICT.—A few days ago a portion of the town of Doncaster, called the " Rookery,'' was kept in a complete uproar, in consequence of a lot of navvies em ployed on the railway works attempting to chase all the Irish from the neighbourhood. As the navvies were armed with spades• and other implements of their craft, they were not lone , ' in breaking open the doors which shel tered the Irish. A general row then ensued, in which shillaleaghs, spade handles, fists, &c. were used very freely. Blood flowed profusely,, and of course there was a. great deal of shouting, screaming, hooting, hallooing, and swearing. The combatants, however, finally sepa rated for a time—from what cause does not exactly appear. Another row, however, soon after took place, and the place, having become occupied by a considerable number of both parties, was the scene of a very brisk and at first rather orderly fight, which soon turned into a regular melee. The magistrates and police at last overcame the rioters, bat not until many parties had been nearly killed. HYDROPHOBIA.—Qn Monday, Mrs. Elstob, of Mont pelier-row, Blackheath, with her two daughters, whilst driving a gig in the Kent-road, a few yards from the Pa ragon, were compelled to stop in consequence of a crowd that had collected round some posturers, and the animal, a fine chesnut mare, became restive at the noise. Almost at the same moment, a large bull dog-sprang from the side of a butcher. and firmly fixed itself on the neck of the animal. The mare immediately darted off' at a furious rate ; the ladies, however, fortunately received no injury, but upon the beast being stopped, she was found to be most dreadfully lacerated. An attempt was then made to secure the dog, which snapped at several persons, but the butcher permitted it to escape, alleging that it was not his property, but belonged to a carman living in the Dover road. The mare, after being taken home, was exceedingly restless, and afterwards became so furious as to kick down a portion of her stall, and upon Mr. Adkins, the veterinary surgeon, being sent for, he declared that the poor animal was labouring under hydrophobia, and upon his suggestion she was immediately killed. During the last two or three weeks one of the swindl ing gentry, giving his name as Rowan, took up his resi dence at Mr. W. Parker's, near Oxford, and representing himself to be a retired merchant, he succeeded in getting money and goods of some of the tradesmen, having secured a reference to a respectable solicitor, by causing a confederate to pay money as for rent due to him, on ap plication being made by the man of law. He feigned blindness, and had with him a youth whom he introduced as his son. Suspicions having been roused in the minds of some of the persons he bad thus duped, an inquiry was set on foot, and the villain thought it time to make him self scarce, but not before he bad taken in Messrs. Wot ton, the bankers, by continually paying in and drawing out sums of money, at the last taking care to overdraw his account ; Mr. Symonds, a medical man, by inviting him to dinner, and paying his bill for attendance by a draft exceeding the debt of £l2, and pocketing the change ; Mr. Hobdell, a jeweller, and Messrs. Hookham and thirty tailors also suffered, as well as Mr. Parker, with whom he had run up a bill for £l4 for board and lodging. SCENE IN COURT.—DANGERS OF A JUDGESHIP.—At our assizes, on Wednesday, a stalwart Irishman, of the name of Edward Coyle, pleaded guilty before Mr. Justice Cresswell, to a charge of housebreaking, and requested his Lordship to favour him with a seven years' transportation. As the circumstances of the case, however, did not justify his Lordship in extending to him his wished-for boon, he substituted instead a twelve months' imprisonment ; upon hearing which, the would-be tourist growled out in a tone transported with anger—" Thank ye, yer honour," and stooping down—before any one was aware of his intentions —pulled off one of his iron-shod " brogues," and hurled it at his Lordship's head. The formidable missile, which might have put an abrupt termination to his Lordship's judicial labours, struck him somewhere on the breast, most fortunately, however, without inflicting any serious injury. After regaining his composure, of which the sud denness of the act had for a moment deprived him, his Lordship is said to have observed, in a slightly disconcerted tone, to those around him, "This comes, you see, of thwarting people's wishes !" The prisoner was imme diately removed.—Durham Advertiser. A ROGUE ROBBED.—We mentioned, a short time ago, that a Mr. Curtis, collector of rates at Salford, had ab sconded with a considerable sum of money belonging to that township, and that he was known to have gone to America by the steamer Niagara. Upon his arrival at Boston he landed, and remained in that city a short time, representing himself, as he did in the vessel, to be an English farmer, emigrating to the " far west." During his stay there, he met with a man named Robinson, by whom he was accompanied to New York, and who even tually abstracted from him the whole of his money, viz., 1400 dollars. The case excited great commiseration in Boston. Captain Ryrie, with great generosity, upon hearing of the loss at once tendered Curtis and his wife a free passage back to England in the Niagara. The kindly feeling evinced in this offer is highly honourable to Capt. Ryrie, who was actuated by a desire to ameliorate the sufferings of a distressed fellow-creature. The gallant captain, however, knew not that the money of which Curtis td been deprived was the fruit of rascality as great as that of which he had been the victim. SALMON FISHING IN SUTHERLANDSHIRE.—The Duke of Sutherland has given a jubilee this year to all the rivers in Sutherlandshire ; and as this applies to net as well as rod fishing, the rivers are absolutely teeming with salmon, grilse, and trout. A friend from the banks of the Shin writes that that river presents the appearance of a boiling pot of water, from the constant leaping of the fish ; and, as the watching is strictly preserved, he anticipates the same increased produce next year from the rivers which a year's rest secures from the land. It is only, however, in a few counties, like Sutherlandshire, where the fishings are in the hands of one or two proprietors, that such an experiment can be effectually tried ; as in the case of the Tay, where the upper and lower portions of the river belong to different proprietors, the interests of the parties are too conflicting to admit of a common measure of the above nature. We may mention that the gentleman above referred to is yearly receiving additional confirma tion of his theory, that the par is the young of the sal mon at a particular stage. A great variety of that genus were taken from the Shin, in December last, and trans ferred to ponds formed at the sides of the river, some of which showed the silvery scale of the smolt in May, and others subsequently, according to their age. There seems now, indeed, no ground upon which this fact can reason ably be disputed. LOYAL ORANGEMEN.—The masters of Orange Lodges in the Bradford district have issued an address to the protestants of the British nation. The Rev. J. Burnet, L.L.D., vicar, has also written an admirable address in favour of the loyal institution of Orangemen ; they are unitedly issued in the shape of a small pamphlet, and are circulating freely both in the town and neighbourhood. Both the vicar and orangemen urge the necessity of all who value the liberties of the British constitution to come forward and join the loyal body ; for, as the vicar says, there is nothing in the aspect of these days of religious declension and political expediency to lead us to think that the safeguards proposed by the Orange institution, and the brotherly love and fidelity encouraged and exerci sed by them, may not be again required, on behalf of the Altar, the Throne, and the Briton's fireside. Their cause, therefore, is worthy of the sympathy and patronage, nay, the fellowship of all true lovers of what used to be our glorious constitution. The Orangemen also call upon their protestant conservative fellow-subjects, of whatever rank in life, to associate with them, to shew their love to their country by being determined to uphold her protes tant institutions against the wiles and inroads of popery, and to unite with them with heart and hand for the pre servation of the Church and Queen. A new Orange Lodge is in course of formation at the house of Mr. John Bell, the Commercial Inn, Bradford, and is likely to be one of the most respectable lodges in the town or neigh bourhood. _ _ THE DISTRESSED NEEDLEWOMEN. — Emma Mounser, a wretched female, but who had evidently seen much better days, was brought before Mr. Norton, at Lambeth, on a charge of unlawfully pawning seventeen shirts, the property of Messrs. Moses and Sons, Aldgate. The pri soner had been given into custody by a person named Skerrett, who had been her security for the safe return of such work as she might receive from Messrs. Moses and Co., on a charge of pawning seventeen out of eighteen shirts she had received to make up. The prisoner could not deny pawning the shirts, but said she had been driven to the act by sheer and positive necessity. Her husband, who was a printer, she said, was out of em ployment, as well as her son and daughter, and all, at this particular time, were dependent on the wretched pittance which she made by shirt-making. Mr. Alston to the prisoner—What were you paid for making these shirts ? Prisoner—Half-a-crown a dozen, your worship, or twopence halfpenny a piece. The utmost she could do in the day was to make two shirts, and deducting from this the price of the thread, cotton and needles, all of which she was to find herself, she could not make more than fourpence a day. Mr. Norton remarked that this was really shameful, for he felt satisfied that, until a living profit could be given to the poor people for making up such goods, they would be better without them. A per son present said that the competition in such business was so great that his employers, Messrs. Moses and Sons, could not afford to pay more than the present rate. Mr. Norton thought they had the means of raising the prices ; for if Messrs. Moses and Sons and other houses chose to raise the price of shirt-making to a scale which would give those working at this business a means of subsistence, the houses paying a smaller price would not find any per son to work for them. Mr. Norton, believing that the prisoner had- pawned the property under the pressure of extreme distress, discharged her, but cautioned her as to her future conduct. IMPORTANT FACT. — POTATOES.—In a brick-yard situ ate near this town, eight long rows of Holberry potatoes were planted early in spring, side by side; six of these were manured with, good stable manure, the other two rows were only scattered over with ashes and brick-dust when planted, and, singular as it may appear, the six manured rows have all fallen under the virulence of the disease, and are completely rotten, whilst the other two sprinkled over with brick-dust are as healthy as possible ; the tubers fine and large, and the produce as large as can reasonably be desired.--Doncagter Chronicle. ECONOIIIIC. — The Ordnance estimates have just re-ap peared with the very agreeable improve men t o f a dimi nution to the extent of £120,000 in the amount required for the service of the current year. The satisfaction of our readers will be in no degree lessened when we inform them that this saving is to be accomplished without the loss of a single man, horse, or gun, to that effective force which was originally specified as requisite to the security and credit of the country. The defences of Pembroke dockyard have been cut downfrom £15,000 to £BOOO, and the store accommodation in the Tower from £6OOO to £4OOO. £12,000 has been scraped together from the bat teries by which the Coast-guard was to protect our shores, and £lO,OOO from a single defensive battery at Colehouse Point. The new barracks, at Birmingham and Kensing ton are altogether shelved, by which we save some £15.,000. Even Bradford is to be curtailed of that increased barrack accommodation which recent events prove to have been not injudiciously projected, although £7OOO was all the estimated expense. Woolwich must manage without two new storehouses, and the Secretary at War with £lO,OOO less than was demanded for military penitentiaries. This was, perhaps, a warrantable reduction ; but, with all ad mission of the straits to which stern necessity drives us, we do really wish that the £lO,OOO for regimental schools under governmrnt inspection had not been cut down to £a3oo. . tiIUC KY ESCAPE. —At the Bodmin assizes, last week, the last cause was an action brought by the assignees of the lloniton Bank against one of the customers of that bank for the balance of an account. The matter extended over a period of many years. and was to the extent of up wards of £100,000.. Mr. Butt, in opening the plaintiff's case to the jury, stated, that in general juries were told that a case would last some hours, but in the present in stance he was sorry to inform them they would be de tained at least 10 days, and then they would be paid Bd. for their attendance. The instantaneous effect produced on the jury by this announcement was perfectly ludicrous. One of theta jumped up, and stated that he had come into the box understanding that the cause was a short one, but that he was exceedingly unwell, and he entreated the Court to excuse him. After some time the counsel con sented to try the case with 11 jurors, and that fortunate man was permitted to leave the box. The jury were then told that they must take pen, ink, and paper, and put down the different checks that would be produced in evi dence, most of which were under £2O, and when the cause was over they must add them up, and then go into a minute calculation of interest. This seemed completely to upset the jury. The foreman rose, and, amidst roars of laughter, by his gestures appeared to be imploring the judge to allow him to retire. The judge was almost con vulsed. At length, when silence was in some degree re stored, the foreman begged to go home. This, however, he was told was impossible, and the cause proceeded till three o'clock, when the parties came to an arrangement, and the jury were told that they were discharged. THE SALE AT STOWE HOUSE, BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.--• The public are but too well aware that the contents of this magnificent house are about to be brought to the hammer by Messrs. Christie and Manson, the pecuniary embarrassments of the noble owner having reached the climax which renders such an alternative necessary. The sale commences on the 15th inst., and will extend over a period of 37 days. It is the " order in variety," of which Pope sung. which makes Stowe " the work to wonder at," hut we live to see the ruthless spoliation of the place, to mourn over the ejection of the Muses from one of their dearest haunts, by cruel and unsympathising—brokers ! The original mansion was built by Sir Richard Temple, towards the end of the seventeenth century ; the wings were added by his son Lord Cobham ; but the edifice gained the architectural grandeur it now wears form the extensions and improvements of Earl Temple, and his nephew, the subsequent Marquis of Buckingkam. The centre of the building is upwards of 450 feet in length, while from end to end it measures more than 900. The portico of the south-east is composed of six Corinthian columns and two pilasters, standing on the summit of thirty-one steps, embellished at the base with a pair of lions on pedestals. In the loggia, and in the intercolum niations and recesses on the sides, are several fine groups of statuary in white marble ; and the lonic entablature is richly decorated with bas reliefs. The chief apartments consist of an entrance hall designed by Kent, an oval sa loon supported by scagliola pillars, an Egyptian hall, a music-room, a library, and anti-library, a print room, a carved chapel, a banquetting room, and a series of mag nificent state rooms, &c. The furniture and embellish.. ments of these chambers are of the most superb descrip tion, and the effect of the ensemble is bewildering in its multiplicity and in its air of undeviating and redundant gorgeousness. The gardens have long enjoyed celebrity, and their magnitude and picturesque beauty are, we ap prehend, unrivalled. These pleasure-grounds cover a surface of 500 acres ; and, in addition to the most en chanting effects of wood and water, a number of architec tural edifices diversify the scene, and, because of their historical and personal associations, specially arrest the attention. There are several noble arches ; monuments to Congreve, William Pitt, Queen Caroline, &c. • tem ples to a long list of " British worthies," and to the Vir tues and Graces ; altars, fountains, cascades obelisks, alcoves, towers, &c.—studding the landscape with repeated features of novelty, and alike excellent and alluring in effect. HORSE-STEALING.---A curious case of horse-stealing was investigated by the Brighton magistrates on Monday. The prisoner, who gave his name Henry Bowdler, was a young man of about 24, of gentlemanly appearance, and evidently a man of education, and who had moved in good society. It appeared in evidence that about 11 o'clock on Thursday morning the prisoner, giving the name of Page, and stating that he was staying at Hyde-park Hotel, Oxford-street, hired a bay mare, worth £3O, of Mr. J. Tollett, liverv-stablekeeper, of Oxford-street, for an hour's ride. As he did not return, Mr. Toliett caused an advertisement to be inserted in a Sunday paper (Bell's life in London), describing the mare and the prisoner, and such advertisement led to the prisoner's apprehension. It appears that between 8 and 9 o'clock the prisoner ar rived at the York Hotel, Brighton, with the horse, which was taken to Mr. Poole's livery-stables. The next morn ing he took a warm bath, and asked the bath-keeper to procure him a shirt, a collar, and a pair of socks, which he did, and the prisoner then sent his dirty linen to the hotel, and promised to pay for the new articles in an hour, on the arrival of the train from town. About 8 o'clock the same morning he called on Mr. Poole, to whom he sta ted that he rode the mare from London on the previous day for a wager, and that he threw her down and broke her knees at Godstone, but he hoped that Mr. Poole would be able to get her into condition for him to ride her to the Brighton races on Wednesday. He also asked Mr. Poole to cash a check for him, but this Mr. Poole declined to do, referring him to Mr. Pegg, the landlord of his hotel. On Sunday morning the prisoner again called on Mr. Poole, and asked him what the mare would be worth to him ; but Mr. Poole declined to name a price, and the same evening his suspicions were aroused that the prisoner and the mare had been advertised in the newspaper. The suspicion soon became certainty, and the prisoner was apprehended. No money was found on him. The magistrates said the case was one for a jury. Not only had the prisoner taken the horse away, but he had gone by different names. He now gave the name of Henry Bowdler ; be obtained the horse in the name of William Page ; and the shirt which he bad changed at the bath was marked J. R. Brown. It was further stated in court that the prisonet since his arrival at Brighton had obtained clothing from Mr. Abrahams and Mr. Searle, without paying for it, and in a manner to show that he had calculated the chance of ready-money being required of a stranger and guarded against it. He was committed for trial. STATISTICS OF EDUCATION AND CRIME.—SOMe mmths ago we laid before tour readers some remarkable evidences of the neglect of education in Wales, and of the frightful depths of ignorance consequently prevailing. The gaol returns, just published by order of the House of Commons, present not less astounding proofs of the defi ciency of education in England. We shall take the ex amples as they are arranged in alphabetical order, not se lecting the most striking instances. The chaplain of Bedford Gaol states, lhat •the . great majority of the pri soners are ignorant stupid and unconcerned—unacquainted with the commonest scriptural phrases. The chaplain of the Berks Gaol reports, that of 631 prisoners, 236 were ig norant of the alphabet, and 204 unacquainted with the first principles of the christian faith, and ignorant even of the Saviour's name. He observes, children, or men still childish, had learned to read or write,but had not learned to understand what they had been taught ; the ears had heard, the tongue had learned utterance, but the mind had received no idea, no impression. Lamentable it is, he proceeds to say, that even the criminal population of a Christian land should show a proportion of one-third strangers to the very first truths of religion. The Abingdon chaplain re ports that out of 196 prisoners, 13 were in utter ignorance, and unable to repeat the Lord's prayer; 52 could not read, and 83 knew neither the Creed nor the Com mandments. The report of the Brecon chaplain is, that though the majority of prisoners can read imper fectly, yet their education has been so imperfect that they have no notion of the bearing and the connexion of one part of a sentence with another, or of the meaning of words of frequent occurrence in Scripture. Nine out of ten that have come under this rev. gentleman's observa tion were, he states, totally ignorant of the merest rudi ments of Christianity ; six out of ten did not know whose son Jesus Christ is, nor wherefore he came into the world ; five out of ten did not know the Queen's name. The Bucks report sets forth that about half the prisoners can read and write ; one-fourth can read easy passages of Scripture ; another fourth are either ignorant of the alpha bet or unable to read the simplest words ; and that igno rance is almost uniformly accompanied with the greatest depravity. The Cambridge chaplain reports that out of 229 prisoners, 140 were able to read, 80 could not read, 61 could not repeat the Lord's Prayer, 80 were ignorant of the Commandments and the Creed. In Cornwall, it ap pears that out of 688 prisoners 304 could neither read nor write, 139 could not repeat the Lord's Prayer, and were ignorant of the Saviour's name. In Dorset, out of 674 L r isoners, 409 did not un d ers t an d t h e mean i ng o f th e ord's Prayer, and 119 were entirely ignorant, one or two of the very name, and all of the work and mission of the Redeemer. And this is the general tenour of the reports ; indeed, we have not met with a single exception where the statistics of education and crime are embraced, but some of the returns are defective in this important branch of inquiry. And with these disgraceful facts in evidence from all quarters, will the opponents of the ministerial system for extending public instruction yet maintain that the education of the country is neither defective in quan -1 tlty nor in quality ? MR. SMITH O'BRIEN The history of this gentleman cannot fail to be inter esting to the public at the present moment. He wasborn at Dromoland, county of Clare, on the• 17th of October, 1803, being the second son of Sir Edward O'Brien, fourth Baronet (who died in 1837,) by the daughter and coheiress of William Smith, Esq., of Cahirmoyle, county of Limerick. The latter lady was a very rich heiress. The issue of this marriage, in addition to the subject of our notice, consisted of eight other children, including Sir Lucius, the eldest son; Edward, born in 1806, and mar ried to the daughter of Massv Dawson, Esq., late M.P., a scion of the noble house of Cremorne ; Robert, born in 1809, married to the daughter of Sir Aubrey de Vere ;the , Rev. H. O'Brien, married to the daughter of John God ley, Esq. ; Grace, unmarried ; Anne, married to the Rev. Arthur Martineau ; Harriet, married to the Rev. Charles Monsell, a relative of Mr. Monsell, M.P:, the colleague of Mr. Smith O'Brien in the representation of Limerick county ; and Katherine Lucia, married to the Honourable and Rev. Amyard Harris, brother of Earl Malmesbury, one of the Prebendaries of Salisbury, and Rector of Wilton. _ _ _ The present head of the house of O'Brien, is the Mar quis Thomond. who adopts the latter form of orthography, and he deduces his descent from the royal line of Tho mond, a race of princes which sprang from the celebrated Brian Borraime, or Boru, who commenced his reign in 1002. and terminated it with his life, near Clontarf, in 1014. Should the present Marquis die without male issue, a circumstance not improbable, Sir Lucius O'Brien will succeed him as Baron Luchiquin ; but not to the higher titles, which will become extinct. In reference to the existence of these titles, we may observe that, in 1543, Murrogh O'Brien, the then head of the house, repaired to England, and resigned his sovereignty to Edward VI, and was in recompence created Earl of Thomond for life, and Baron Luchiquin. The second holder of the baronetcy, Sir Edward O'Brien, was son of the Right Honourable Lucius O'Brien, who died during the lifetime of his father, by Catherine, daughter of Thomas Keightley, Esq., of Har lingford, county of Herts, granddaughter of the first Earl of Clarendon, and first cousin of Queens Mary and Anne. In the latter points the records of the several families agree. _ _ Mr. O'Brien married about twelve years since the daughter of Joseph Gabbett, Esq., of Limerick, by whom he has had issue either six or seven children. Mr. O'Brien is a graduate of Trinity College. Cam. bridge; when first returned for the family borough of Ennis, in 1830, Mr. O'Brien was a Tory, and as such opposed Mr. O'Connell in the case of the memorable Clare election. He subsequently became a Whig, then a Radical, and in 1843 he first joined the repeal ranks. Since 1835 he has represented the county of Limerick. On the last occasion he succeeded in defeating Mr. Caleb Powell, the Old Ireland candidate, by twenty-four votes. Mr. O'Brien fought a duel with the late Mr. Thomas Steele, having exchanged two shots with that gentleman. Sir Lucius O'Brien, elder brother, is Lord-Lieutenant of the county of Clare. The dowager Lady O'Brien is still living, and possesses a property of about £5,000 per annum, to which her second son was always considered to be the heir, but in other respects than as heir in pros pect, Mr. O'Brien never was wealthy. He has, when in Ireland, taken up his residence at the seat of his mother. etntrat Aqtsttilany. A cabbage weighing 201 b. was cut near Bawtry, York shire, last week. On Monday, a house near Ipswich was set on fire by lizlitning, and destroyed. At the Wesleyan Conference, Dr. Bunting announced his retirement from the ministry, and requested to be placed on the list of supernumaries. A marble statue of the Rev. John Wesley, the founder of methodism, has been presented to the Wesleyan Con nexion. _ _ . ---... The concert which Jenny Lind gave for the Hospital for Consumption at Brompton, produced £lBOO for the cha rity. The manufacturers of the Government postage stamps have denied that there is anything poisonous in the gum applied to them. It is perfectly innocent. Saturday, the 22nd ultimo, was the anniversary of the day which witnessed the establishment of the first Eng lish newspaper, now 260 years ago, On Saturday week, a spirit shop and a provision shop were destroyed by fire at Newcastle. A fireman named Golloway perished in the ruins. STEALING MONEY LETTERS. - At Derby assizes, John Gray, employed in the post-office there, pleaded guilty to three charges of stealing letters containing money. He was sentenced to ten years' transportation. Earl Brownlow exhibited, at the ArchEeologcali Insti tute's meeting at Lincoln, a silver oar, presented to the corporation of Boston by Queen Elizabeth, and sold by the town council in 1832. _ . . . _ The woman brutally assaulted in an Irish row, in Wake field, on the 14th ult., died on Sunday last. A charge of murder is preferred against a man named Asquith, and is to be heard on this day (Tuesday). An Irish cattle-drover absconded on the 21st ult. from North Charlton, Durham, with the price of ten cattle, which he had been employed to drive, but which he had sold. The Carlisle Patriot states, that after a sermon at Nether Denton Church on Sunday, the 9th ultimo, a collection was made, which amounted to the large sum of three-halfpence. At the Ambleside petty sessions, the parish constable appeared before the magistrates to accuse himself of having been drunk at the fair, and the magistrates fined him 55., which he paid. A man named John Rowlands, a night watchman, employed at the railway works at the Menai Straits, was found dead, last week, with a frightful wound on the left side of his head. It is feared he has been murdered. SENSIBLE FELLOWS !-A far greater number of Irish reapers have passed through the town of Worksop during the last fortnight, than have ever been known to frequent that town and district before. They literally come in shoals in quest of harvest employment. Three estates of the Duke of Buckingham, comprising the whole of the parish of Hillesden, Bucks, 12,000 acre at Fininore, Oxon, and the hamlet of Falcott-cums Aswell, Northamptonshire, were sold on Saturday for £216,400. The London police are now armed with cutlasses hav ing saws at the back ; they serve all the purposes of a sword, whilst they are so constructed that if they once enter a barrier, or plank, no matter how thick, scarcely a minute would be required to sever it. The unhappy William Atter, convicted at the last as sizes for murder at Portsmouth dockyard of O'Connor, was executed on Wednesday at Winchester. He conti nued praying whilst the executioner prepared him for the fatal moment, and died instantly. _ _ A London paper mentions, that one day last week the master of the rolls was forced to adjourn the sitting of his court, as the stench caused by the emptying of a neigh. bouring cesspool was so great, that neither judge, barris ters, nor attorneys, could endure it. On Sunday week, four young lads from Dundee went in an old leaky fishing boat on the Long Loch of Lundie, and had not proceeded far when the boat swamped, and three of them—two brothers named Smith, and a cousin named Williamson,—were drowned. BUSINESS HOURS IN LONDON.—It is understood that on and after the second of October next the West-end bankers contemplate following the course adopted by the city establishments three months back, of closing their counter business at four o'clock. On Wednesday, the members of the Junior United Service Club gave a complimentary entertainment to Lieutenant-General Sir Charles J. Napier, the late gover nor of Scinde, on the occasion of his return to England from the scene of his brilliant services in India. The proprietor of Barrett's Hotel at Ross has inter dicted the public the right of " free ingress and egress " to a public walking-place, called " Prospect," left in 1693, by John Kvrle, the Man of Ross, for their walk ing or diversion," and enjoyed by the public without let or hindrance to the present time. A society was established in London on Wednesday, to be called the Irish Amelioration Society, to employ the peasantry in the preparation of peat fuel and charcoal ; and, by removing the peat, to effect the full reclamation of the bog lands ; the surplus profits to be expended in improving the social condition of the people. A verdict of wilful murder has been returned, at Gros venor-square, London, against Mrs. Mary Anne Dore, the mother, and Mrs. Spry, the grandmother, of a female child, aged four months, who had been poisoned by arse nic. The parties appear to have been moving in a re spectable sphere of life. A fire broke out on Monday on board the sloop Nep tune, at Bristol, with five tons of charcoal on board, by spontaneous ignition. By the prompt arrival of engines it was speedily extinguished, when a boy in the cabin, and a porter in the forecastle, were discovered to have been suffocated. _ _ . MANSLAUGHTER.—On Friday week a young labouring man named Roberts, near Evesham, was going along the road, when be was overtaken by a drunken man on horse back, who knocked Roberts down and rode over him, killing him on the spot. He has been committed for manslaughter. The committee to which the proposal for the abolition of punishment of death was referred has affirmed it, and recommended a bill for carrying the abolition into effect;. the cases of war and the declaration of a state of siege are excepted. The military code will still retain the power of inflicting sentence of death. The Glasgow Examiner states that a Latter-day Saint in Campsie, who suspected the knowledge of his brethren, one day recited, in French, a few verses of the 23rd Psalm, as if he had spoken in an unknown tongue. By the saints these verses were interpreted to mean that the orator should become a missionary, and successfully initiate the heathen into the knowledge of the Book of Mormon. FURTHER APPREHENSION OF CHARTIST LEADERS.— On Thursday two more chartists, named Bryson and Shell, were brought before Mr. Hall, the chief magistrate at Bow-street, having been apprehended the previous day on warrants issued by his worship, upon the information of the government reporters. They have been committed for trial. DECLINE OF METHODISM.—NO new applications for ministers have been made to the Conference this year ; on the contrary, some of the old circuits have given notice that unless the Conference is prepared to contribute largely to the expense of maintenance, they wish their ministers to be withdrawn. The Welch Methodist Chapel in Lon don is not to have a regular minister for the future, but is to be served by a student of the Richmond College. VANDALISM.—At a recent meeting of an Archaeolo gica Society in Devonshire, it was stated that, many years ago, the ancient stone pulpit of Plympton Church was broken to pieces to form sleepers for some pews which were being erected in the edifice. One of the per sons who performed the work of destruction, on being interrogated on the subject, said, "It were voinely carved ; but we'd a tarribul job to knack un abrard."