The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-02-16 00:00:00

16, 1847. Duld throw out of ials. • • Et witnesses. umber of assess."' 1841, was 47,776, isessment in 1841 102, being an in of 1841. leology of King's vhich was read by the strata in this afford a sufficient ned by Mr. Sta nelv facts were he present insuf- ling, when the exa h. Their evidence of the parliamentary ly increasing; that of continuous ; and lystem proposed in rate, was called as a uld bear testimony )th for the purposes ad frequently seen worth of property, from want of a sup s foundry, a vast de wevented had there better able to give of the Harrington is fearful to contem poorer inhabitants cleanliness afforded louse of Commons, any place in Liver 'tiring man could get g it. It Was stated u the streets, but it rere eight feet high, !esire to inspect the and they. would see s was most lament ed, it should be got his experience as a dm in which guar on the part of per •e was only one tap admitted that the nan could be obtain :quainted. In reply quality of the water is he was concerned, water, provided it ty, in quantities. COW Tv- cLE ir to the retails gives eding day. He de r Mr. Rawlinson ; it ince of 56 miles, by country, - across the 'acorn. The works se engineering diffi the country by Mr. ought that such an venient source could lived an expense of a was a grand one, and w the expense, would -le had examined the to which there were save been conveyed eme he could not re- There was another some of the purposes advantage. All the lees one for bringing ecided that the one most desirable. •esent parties, whose Dad were likely to be kmongat them were nd Liverpool Canal Mr. Crook for the thington for Richard owley, and Mr. Wat at the inhabitants of r roads interrupted, )3 , the erection of the he bill which would ntages. )r by the Lands Con d the parties would before Parliament; a general compensa ui put by the Com ot prepared with any and did not intend to against them here- at some length by and other gentlemen. that compensation sutler injury, when the Chorley Water rived of any right parliament. Out of he plan, a consider nnpensation. Mr. II requested to do so theme, and in this the Commissioners ! iation estimates, an ti before another tri- rington Water Com e Bootle Company, Id introduce in the oration to purchase it was urged by the l upon the_ supposi ,, and the estimates aid he would pledge meil bad made they ke the insertion of a esponsibility. Ulti f satisfied, and the , until Saturday. this morning at ten nined byp the Towx ighbotu ioods of Iti reporting on their and I made such an eather would permit on both those occa- I saw the surface of eference to the cape the principle of the e geological features sures and mill-stone le there was nothing The district is very is not so much so on antry. Almost the loors—that is of the from those moors to tonnes running into raving again into the hese running almost )m which the supply iddlesworth, Black- Measuring from the had at hand, I esti des to be somewhere ilea. I believe that i than twenty miles. le elevated situation e principal streams rain falls , in this dis - Taking the district the water shades ran are concerned ; and, tl say south also. A yes will flow into the t the position of tte, at no point wilt t “ - ri three miles before it had once forine d at a large quantity of cause of the natural id the way in which the condition of the capabilities for con :eedingly favourable. - kg water In the reser- Y precaution were to t and the country it; le plan suggested - for r seems to me to be advantage has been try to make it effec he stated that the, the construction of :Rent supply of sand purposes. Judging :esley, I believe that ted there than what erpool ; and I thini= le absence of the salts tter would be excel: rain water—pure son ere is no possibility isition of the Angles' coal under the pro t of the fact from th e ire that the propose ( ' ►ding all the water in hold four-fifths of A rea proportion of the sts of a very thin co portion of peat, but d what you meart,q e is a great Paucity - 0 carcely any of it. rvoirs the depth of ES ov of are more or to e sruptions which ha:: ures do not show 11 g,.. of this district the r', .rincipally from nor EO, from east to wesEl the inclination ruri and west is not the ry ? ave seen a good tuarYi ,her the d►rection —but, nevertheless' I have stated. I P ersected by faults --0/ 11, proposed to be be Intersected by this I am able to form te e the reservoir Will ko I understand yowl r close to, th a t line : t fault ;. but SOMeY I P t, being upon that 0 16 run into the fissui" be Not necessarily ;_„ o ); en the fault you 51,`,.-to rit ? Yes • both Pa that, in all the O' u v coal strata, there,,', and the dislocat'in That is the case ;tit, which is elose t ' o n rtion of the Riving' ve 'a these fractures 10,tot ni of it ; but I a'" P d t have you calcu lat r to it. ons in any other 41.. 0 n which falls as c o c !rvoir ?—1 ant not A .0 u ► of the kind, q c s, o the reservoir? - - , 1 00 Bolton is inore ; he district of Ch ori bservations Llie Pet). 16, 1847. trict. On examining the country I saw no scarfs by which the water could escape. The TOWN-CLERK then re-examined the witness on some un important points of his evidence, after which Mr. Knipe was called and examined by him.—l have paid attention to geology for many years ; I have executed a map, *hewing the stratification of the Br itish Isles. lam acquainted with the stratification of the district under inquiry. The prin cipal formation of that district is coal-beds and mill-stone grit. 'The water from such a district would be of an excellent quality. I have been over the whole district, and I think it most favour able for such a project; nature has formed it for the use of , man; and it will make an excellent reservoir for the collection of water. I have heard the question put to l'rofessor Ansted about the reservoir being situated on the fault ; and in replying to a question similar in its nature, I would say that all natural lakes are formed in faults. The western lakes and the Cum berland lakes are all in faults. Such positions are generally chosen to form reservoirs in. Mr. PAOI3.—Do you apprehend any escape from the reservoir • 'through the underground fissures? Ido not. This witness was cross-examined at great length by Messrs. Part, Watkins, Rowlandson, Burchill, and Higson, in opposition to the bill ; but nothing material was elicited from him beyond what he stated in his direct examination. Mr. Hawkesley was next sworn, and examined by the TowN CLEßK.—Having examined the district where these works are 'to be constructed, I have no reason to doubt the capabilities of the proposed reservoir to supply a sufficient quantity of water for the purposes required. • To Mr. HURCHILL.—There are a great number of springs in the district, but they are insignificant as compared with those of Holywell and other parts of the country—that is, they are geologically trifling, as springs mostly are which come from ,the millstone grit. There are *Trines there in the neighbour hood, which may be of some value t o the people in that part of the country ; but I will not say that they are of great value. Springs are of no more value than surface water. Ido not think that the springs in the neighbourhood of Withnall are of very great use for the purposes of paper-making, as the great est paper-mills in the country are fo rme d on chalk foundation. The mills round the neighbourhood of London are built on that formation. On the plan which I hold in my hand I find that a stream, at a place called the Abbey Mill, in the township of Withnall, is to be taken I believe that stream is used for the purpose of condensing steam at the manufactory which is there • but it is otherwise of no value, for any water is good enough for steam condension. lam not aware of any powerful stream in that neighbourhood. All springs flowing from the south will be intercepted by the proposed conduits of the new works. Many of the diminutive streams are not shewn on the map; but there is a note at the foot of it, stating that all brooks, streams, and rivers, on the sides of or adjoining the proposed reservoirs, are intended to be taken. At Ware Gate there is a stream to be taken ; but, as I have already spoken of the value of those streams, I need not give a further answer to your question. The River Roddlesworth does not consist alto gether of spring water, as the great bulk of it is surface water. It runs down a narrow gorge bounded by rocks ; but I cannot speak of the whole of the river, nor can I say whether these rocks are abounding with springs. If the whole of the water there was to be exhausted, the works on that river most assu redly would not be rendered useless, RS water could be supplied by e nines ; besides, at most manufactories it is usual to in pound water for the purposes of the place. In addition to this, ho wever, he should state that they intended giving a full and Plentiful supply to those places, although no clause to that effect had been introduced into the bill. Mr. IllosoN.—Did I understand you rightly when you said you could not give compensation, nor state the principle on which it was to be given, until after the Admiralty commis sioners have reported on the subject? Mr. HERBERT.—This is rather a question for the Town-clerk and not for Mr. Hawkesley. Mr. HIGSON.—Am Ito understand that the compensation in water which you intend to make will be taken from the general supply in the reservoirs?—No, I don't suss°. That, will very Much depend on a variety of circumstances on which I cannot give an immediate opinion. 1 cannot tell whether we would be able to give a spring water zompensation to the Burscall print works. Mr. HERBERT--That is a matter into which we have no Power to enter.• To Mr. Higson.—The water in these shades has not yet been thoroughly guaged, but we are guaging it just at present. We guaged it several times, but we have not yet got the average taken sufficiently correct. If there had been sufficient time t heseaverages and guages would have been prepared. Mr. Hawkeslev was then cross-examined at considerable length by several of the gentlemen who appeared to oppose the amongst whom was Mr. Part. C ross-examination continued by Mr. PART.—The air valves 'lin the proposed inasmuch as the rks will not require to be raised to the tarface of the earth, subsoil of the strata at the Z y s higton reservoir is of a clayey nature. There are no coal . - S d l t ues. I have not looked at the place with the view of seeing ,t,,ether it was water-tight, because I did not think it necessary. • Zi' e ti hest way that I can make you understand the capabilities pitle reservoir for containing water is by stating to you . that 'Mated in the low ground, and that from it there is no s for the water to go. The sides of the reservoir are : e lli s h s °to and abrupt in some places. perpendicular reort stas that the theerviiir is to be 50 feet deep, and the power of water will be on the square foot 3000lhs. In Linton and Entwisle the water is too feet deep, and the ground is low. At Linton and Entwisle there are no coal shades. I state this Most distinctly, because the side embankments are formed of coal-measures; I mean by a fault—a chasm. I did not think it necessary to take any means for ascertaining what the dif ferent strata were under the Rivington reservoir; but although - water may percolate a little towards the strata, still for all purposes of impounding water the reservoirs will be perfectly water-tight. However, if it were possible for the water to find its way into the cropping, it would flow out; but that is impos sible. The comparative level between the Rivington reservoir and the lowest point of Norwich vale is 92 feet 3 inches. The Iferizontal difference between that reservoir and the most northern point of the vale is 82 chains, or rather more than a mile. We are not yet prepared to state the amount of water Which will be directed from its present sources. We intend to take all the Streams which come within the circle of the opera tions of these works, by means of which we intend to collect at least 23S millions of gallons per diem. I cannot tell how much W e may take from each stream separately. The t'owN CLERK objected to the course of cross-examina tion which Mr. Part adopted. He c a me th ere , h e (Mr. Shuttle - sv orth) believed, on behalf of certa i n l an d owners w h o res id e d O n the river Douglas; and he submitted that his opposition should be confined to that matter altogether. ~Mr. HERHE ter—We cannot confine M r . P art to any part i cular line of examination. Mr. PART.—My object here is not to oppose so much for any Particular party, as to defeat the bill if possible. Mr. Part then Continued his cross-examination fora considerable time. Mr. PAGE.—Mt. Birchill we want to know if you intend to give us any information as to the manner in which your inter sat will be affected by the bill ? Mr. BIRCHILL said they did not. All they wanted was to glean what information they could from Mr. Hawkesley ; after Which they would form their own opinions as to the course they should adopt. Mr. PAGE.-Mr. Hawkesley, are you in possession of any list of the different works on those rivers? Mr. HAWKESLEY.—We have taken for our own purposes a list of the works for which we may be called on to compensate the owners; but we do not desire to have it plaeed in full be fore this court. Mr. ROWLANDSON.—UnIess we get compensation in water, •our works will be rendered useless. Mr. Hiooixs.—We should like to know the principle on Which you intend to award compensation ? Mr. itowissNissoN.—Yes, we should like to know that, in order - that we may be enabled to judge whether it is practicable. Mr. HAWKESLEY said he was not prepared to say on what principle the compensation would be awarded until after the Tidal Commissioners' report. Mr. BARRETT, on the part of the Duke of Bridgewater, handed_ in a statement of the amount of damage his grace's o nl rope s t.. y was likely to receive, with the view of fixing the ..ount of compensation. ,21/. HIGGINS stated that he had put in a similar statement 4 1 11 t had been rejected by the Corporation. He should like w on K i lltwv whether 'i e the water or compensation which he was to recei ve Th ,!;,e in money tiealar owN CLERK.—That was not a statement of the par be re Power, or the particular amo u nt o f wa t er w hi c h would bill e r h ;red; but it was a proposition to insert a clause in the tbeMis I,Pelling us to purchase certain works. ass ai tt s 'r asked Mr. H . awkesley for informatio regarding 'o s hipan, of water supplied by the Harrington Water Works 8 1r. te,* Whicht that stated that he had received the information tot, th , s s Posseseed under a pledge of confidence, and he would rfore, give it. wished the surveying officers to take a note to the at he had asked for the information and that it had bet refused. k forn ,AG E.—Mr Stanistreet you sail you could give us all the s „ anon ne required. issaSl STANISTREET could give the information thatqued, nt u llnder the present circumstances he thought it would unfair to the Corporation to give it. He highly appreciated t he feelings whi c h h ad guided Mr. Hawkesley in his decision in Withholdi ng it. Th e exam i nation of Mr. Hawkesley was then PSoceeded nith, and aft er a protracted conversation it was closed. " Dr. DUNCAN.—I am a medical officer of the town of Liver pool, and I have Ive been appointed t o that officeo o f f t b li y e ti C me orp se o c r r a e: lion, although have not as y et b een approved tary Of state. For several years I have paid attention to the sana tory state of Liverpool; and I have prepared tablesaLt e h s e state Of mortality in Liverpool as comp are d with Other rate of mortality is higher in Liverpool tha n i n any other town i s h England. During these inquiries I have turned my atten ion to the question of water supply ; and I think one of the v ery, first importance, with reference to the sanatory condition si 'le town. The supply delivered now is intermittent,—l 1 1 - „ °4l d say three days in tbe week, at intervals of from half-an sefr..4lt to two hours each time. Complaints have frequently h o made to me by the inhabitants of cottages, and court tin s des, that the s u pply did not remain on a sufficient time, Nomalso that it came on at inconvenient . hours. The ' 1 ;04 are obliged to ;seep their water in their apartments material;Zsteili in such vessels as they can afford ta purchase, which a conceive to be most inprious to their health, .as thIS l a 's,t_tet,K,e.pt in vessels it imbibes part of the poisonous it es. latch is floatng in the atmosphere of these courts and s e ven'; s aome courts, however, cisterns have been erected ; It s Zilsts„`„ais mode is not by any means so good as if there was topi) supply. In many of the courts it is impossible to ols; a s s st free from the poisonous air emitted from the cess s oh " , , , ,independent of this the action of the air is more likely Il i veree the lead when in an exposed state than if it . were e w at in which case the water becomes impregnated with it. 4 , 14 h . ich is at present supplied in Liverpool is clear but ante is good and wholesome for drinking, as only one - Pas come to my knowledge where the water ha not tlwroth with the constitutions of the individuals using its but iatereor..dio.,mestic purposes there c . aw-b . e no doubt that soft s h pt M er u"; be much better. I think it extremely important eets e . 'mould be a constant supply of water in the courts and t „ a t e d '~indeed, teted' i ndeed, so much so, that in a report which I pre iSta shY e e aterday to the some, I recommended them to i t ' the „„ s Water constanly oof the districts. I think that si ,:ood" n " . 'hc authorities were to adopt some means of bringing b:ta constant supply of water into Liverpool, that it A l per is most beneficial to the community. Although the slain s th Hink 'th good, clear, and wholesome as at present sup tvh. ary p a softer water would be better for domesticand as urposes. Estimates have bee n ma d e on the subject, 10, 0 ,00 0 "°,? that, by procuring a softer water, a saving of nen s per annum on the article of soa p wou ld b e e ff ecte d b y Or fe te ' e of Liverpool. w words of cross-examination by Mr. P ART , 1(001 kn, : ;"IsTREET rose to cross-examine the witness.—l o w ,w, th at ! the mode in which London is supplied. I don't volers of is on the intermittent plan. I do not blame the No the an ytoperty for providing . receptacles for the water N o nil is periodical. During a number of years the dear eiste sa ''e of supply has been intermident. I know that s aes er. / 8 , are more often adopted than stone, although much sis. 4 in Luotild say to the amount of .e 20,000 on the quantity s ( c'etns r i r erPool. I know that in many courts there are t i a ften ed ected. Ido not think that the water is anything 14 1 ,Pstie , ) n r the process of boiling which it receives for most Icl ea rPoses. Of course there is a deposit of calcarious no stt er hi ter it reaches a certain heat, at which time the solid 1.4 114 1 he i d ePosited ; but at a less heat than that its hardness 41,001ncreased. I have made no analysis of the water in 88 Ye es ts , esae‘i isTitems—But so far as sanitary purposes are s t 4oli s s ihrpt do not object to the quality if the quantity was laoera, and ? Oh, certainly not; that is for flushing the 1 1 . at h e i such things Mr Rushton state tht was a s _loas thful water 'D eos t f ar o you concur with lim a n W i that opi- Of .._°ll the Ti_arinking is concerned. Speaking in your re bosater in he alt h of towns, you do not speak of being in want Ra re th at ~,s, _ l % erpool, and as to its quality you are also silent. e arise front the fact, that up to that date (1844) there t yo„ mplaints b r mad against it ?—I am not aware of the "%al. Pu - 'Peak o I ed f; but know I mentioned it in a report pre blish sindsoineents • Mr . . Stanistreet then read an extract from si r When it wasPo'.l, with the view of showing that, at the pe osaa:::.bpouiint.: published, no complaints had been made.. to na na Liave you, Dr. Duncan, arecommendation to i :; n su th b e je t c o t w o n f . baths and public fountains? tt olic would be of the utmost importance to have wter orn fin, —e c onversation had ensued, ill ta • his Came forward to amend his evidence, relative 1 to the fact of his being obliged - to lay down mains at his own expense and stated that he was so treated by the Bootle, and not the Harrington Company. The TOWN -CLERK here closed therase of the promoters, when Mr. HAILSTONE, on the part of the Liverpool and Leeds Canal Company, stated the grounds of his objections to the bill. Mr. WATKINS also objected, on the part of several land owners, on Douglas. Mr. HiessoN said that he had heard great complaints of inter ference, by the proposed plan, with private and public property near to and in Wigan. In a number of instances the property would be rendered totally useless without the water which the neighbouring streams and resources supplied. His clients found that there was, in the bill to be applied for, no positive provision for compensation for the losses that would indivi dually accrue. Amongst other parties (whose names he men tioned) who would be sufferers was Mr. Haigh, an owner of two estates. On one of these was a water-mill, (as shown and num bered on the plan,) and one of the 'streams proposed to be diverted, if so diverted, would render the works valueless. The premises had, in fact, been untenanted for some time, in consequence of the pending bill, no one being inclined (as we understood him to mean) to lay out time or capital upon them, in the expectancy of a cutting off of the moving power. Mr. JOHN CHIPPENDALE, solicitor, stated that he was agent for the proprietor of a print works, and who were also lessees of the Anderton Mills, (for logwood, &c.,) near the Squirrel Mill. These mills were capable of great extension, as also were other works, the owners of which he represented: the Horrock's bleaching works, which, in place of turning out 10,000 pieces of goods a week, could turn out 6000 pieces additional. Mr. Chippendale, *he proprietor, was desirous of retiring, and even at a disadvantage, finding that the present inquiry was going on, which might result to his great disadvantage. In Mr. Chippendale's case, there were circumstances that placed it by" itself. The course he should tak4 would, in this respect, be to bring in these facts into a statement to the Town-clerk, and he entertained do doubt but that, when the whole subject wasoin quired into, a satisfactory adjustment would be arrived at be. tween the parties. All that he wished to be done for his clients was merely what, in similar circumstances, they (the promoters of the bill) would wish to be done to themselves. He con cluded by stating that he did not think it requisite to call any evidence. Mr. B;RCITILL appeared for Messrs. Rothwell. He stated that his clients were perfectly satisfied that water should be supplied from their neighbourhood to this town, piovided the supply requisite were kept up in their locality, or a proper compensation were made in lieu of it. His clients did not wish to incur the unpopularity of opposing a scheme that would benefit a large and populous town ; but with respect to them selves, as it was admitted that the water in their locality was superior, it was therefore the more valuable to them, (his clients.) All he asked was either protection from loss, or ade quate compensation. On the understanding that the clause which the Town-Clerk stated that he had: introduced into the bill, to give such compensation, would be carried out, the mill owners and others, on the streams likely to be effected, would offer no decided opposition. The TOWN-CLARK then made a very brief statement of the general principle by which the promoters would be actuated in awarding compensation, both to existing companies and mill-owners; after which a lengthened conversation ensued between Mr. Stanistreet, the Town-Clerk, and the Commis sioners, which ended in the adjournment of the court until Monday at one o'clock. YESTERDAY The Court resumed its sittings at half-past 2 o'clock, when Mr. ABRAHAM ABRAHAM was called by the Town-clerk, and examined as to the rain fall in Liverpool ; when the fall is 37 inches on the average, there must be a greater amount of fall in the hilly country ; and in the lake districts it would be trebled. The witness then put in a printed table, as the result of his observations on the subject during the past seven years. Some statements were put in as to the nature of claims for compensation made by parties residing on the Yarrow and Douglass, for the loss of which they were likely to sustain by the proposed works. THE HARRINOTON WATER WORKS, Mr. STANISTREET, on behalf of this Company, rose to ad dress the Court. He said that from the statement which had been made by the Town-clerk, he should not feel it his duty to depart from the course which he said he would pursue at the beginning of this inquiry; still, however, on behalf of the company which he represented, lie could not allow that court to close without making some observations, and offering some evidence, on a few of the statements put forward during the course of the enquiry. He would say nothing of the manner in which his friend (Mr. Shuttleworth) had conducted the case— it was all that could be done in the spirit of fairness he had no doubt ; but still he (Mr. Stanistreet) could not avoid stating, that he believed the Town-clerk had been mis-informed as to some of the subjects on which he had spoken. On these points it would be his duty to correct him. He referred to the Com pany's Act of Parliament of 1822, as if it had been the first which the Company had been incorporated under; but he did not tell them that so far back as 1786, an Act of Parliament (the 26 of Geo. III.) was obtained by what was the then existing company, the Corporation, which gave them full power over the whole ofthe water-work s of the town.. He merely mentioned this in order to explain that so far back as that time the corporation had full power for supplying the whole of the borough. These powers they undoubtedly possessed ; and still during a period of twenty years they took no steps towards their execution. He would pass over a great portion of the time which inter vened, and come to the year 1822, when the first good scheme for supplying this town with water was proposed. Then the present company obtained a transfer of their powers from the corporation. In 1822 the title of the company was changed : it then became the " Liverpool Corporation Water Company ;" and by the bills which they then obtained, the power of their jurisdiction was extended to Toxteth-park. He might be allowed also to explain that this Act of 1827 provided, in the first place, that the proprietors should have the option of no minating the houses that were to be supplied gratis ; end, se condly, they were to receive 5 per cent. on the money which their capital then realised ; and, thirdly, additional capital was to be raised by means of shares, the income from which was to be divided—one-twentieth to the corporation and nineteen twentieths to the proprietors. Under th e p owers o f t hi s ac t the company went on extending their works from time to time, meeting the demand of the people for the supply of water as it was made; and, indeed, he might say, not only meeting it, but really anticipating the demand in almost every case. In proof of that he would refer them to the rapidity with which their population had increased. In 1821, the population of this town was but 70,000 ? whilst in 1841, they amounted to 270,000. From that they might be able to form some estimate of how vastly great the increased demand for water must have been. He might also state that for a long time the under taking was very unproductive. For many years there were next to no dividends; and when a dividend was de clared the amount was laid out in the extension of the works, and not appropriated by the shareholders. In 1846 they obtained their last act; but as they were well acquainted with its provisions, he would not waste the time of the court by repeating them. Those were the three acts under which the company were bound. And now he would refer to the mode of supply adopted by the company, which, ati they were already aware was the mode adopted in the Metropolis, and in the ma jority of all the large towns in England. He believedthat there was no other town in the kingdom where, generally speak ing, a better or more wholesome supply of water could be obtained. He was aware that in some districts of Liverpool the supply was objectionable; but, if it were so, the fault rested not with the company but with the owners of pro perty themselves. It had been stated that the poor were not supplied. Admitting that in some parts of the town that due attention to their interests and their welfare was not paid which should be paid, still, he would ask, whose was the fault ? Again, he would answer, the owners of property, and not the company • for the company made no distinction between the rich ' and the poor, both were supplied alike, and both at the same time. And if the landlords of small houses would only devote proper attention to their welfare and the interest of themselves, by providing proper re ceptacles for the water, such complaints as they had been treated to would now be unheard of. With reference to the evidence brought before the court on that subject, it would be best answered by the visit made that morning by the surveying officers . themselves ; and relying on their own observation on these matters, he would not trouble them with any remarks on the subject. They had seen those cisterns where they were erected, and they had also seen that where the landlords supplied them there was no want of water—in fact, that a • supply, as good as if it were constant, was obtained. Whether the cisterns could be introduced into all the courts, he was not prepared to say ; but he thought they might be made much more general than they were. He thought, also, that the onus •of the want of supply to the peor of Liverpool rested entirely with the owners of pro perty, and not with the company. Formerly all the common houses in the town were supplied by common stand pipes. Latterly, however, owing to the exertions of the company, a supply, through separate pipes, taken into each house, has been given to a very large extent. In 1516 courts separate house pipes have been substituted for the old stand pipes: The proportion of stand pipes left up on the Ist of January, 1846, as compared with the number of separate pipes which he had not mentioned, were 323; and the number of cisterns, one to each court, were 41. During the last twelve months he might mention that a very large number of cisterns had been erected in addition to those ; because, by the powers of the company's new bill, they could force the landlords to erect cisterns in their courts. He believed that the proportion of ou weddedroe , about t i e x c eeded itehtte atly tha t stemstlyti sh e t s ee e onfi i iot d irectorsno cisterns, as compared with stand pipes which were in Liver nitia lend constant supply. London. cont e rary, h had been said to adopt any and whatever mode which coult ot l mh b el consi dered ct s o i ud werel e d re d i nc li ned naaosst tbeesstttfloiertploiesxbuilliti i y o n f te t r h e e s ron A t nd some time ago, in order to eminent engineer, Mr. wick : ant supply, they brought a very courts sp and . I (di ja h c(e e t , p who reported to them on the subject,—that report he would te evidence ; and he would show by that, that now manyuotfithase respectable houses were receiving a constant to what had been said about the time at which the 1." been kept on, it did not apply tobis company. liewould Mr. Al'llonald, from whom they would hear that the water was on regularly three times a-week,--never earlier than six o'clock in the morning, and never later than eight in the evening, and never for a shorter time than one hour at once. He would prove to them that during the service all the cisterns in the courts were filled ; and if parties had receptacles for holding the water in, they never could be short of a good supply. In addition to this he would also state that the Company had placed no limit on the sizes of the cisterns. They might have as much water as they pleased. Something ha. i said of the . quality of the water, and although he intend to give any evidence on that subject he could 1p refer ring them to some published statements, which - .d been for a long time before the •public. He would - first refer them to the Report of the Committee of the Corporation to the Health of Towns' Commissioners. Speaking on the nature of the sup ply of water, in reply to some questions put to them, they very properly said, inthe commencement of their answers, that they would rather refer them to the company for any information they might require. But'they said also (in vol. 1, report 2) that " the water was good and the supply abundant." He would also re mind them that Mr. Rushton stated that the water was excellent. Mr. Holme had also stated in his work, that the water was pure and good, as indeed all the water was in this locality. In the table of returns, which the Health of Towns' Commission ers issued they found under the head " Liverpool," " water ex tremely pure ; " and with regard to its qualities for shipping purposes, it could not be denied that it was pre-eminently good. On that subject even Dr. Duncan stated that he never knew an instance of its disagreeing with the constitution of any person but one. He would next allude to its qualities for manufacturing purposes ; and mithat point he begged to remind them that they had received no evidence against the company either as to the quantityor quality of the water supplied. The real queiltion in his opinion was as to the quantity which could be obtained, and whether it was su ffi cient to supply the district. There could be no doubt that water quite sufficient for that purpose could be ob tained; and such being the case he did not know on what prin ciple the promoters of the bill intended to justify the expendi ture of half a million of money. With regard to the existing works, they had heard from Mr. Hawkesley that if the ele ments could be obtained in the neighbourhood, they could be made available • for all the purposes of a constant supply at the small cost of .tlO.OOO. Notwithstanding that the population of the country had more than trebled since the es tablishment of the works, still they had a larger portion of water than ever. After some further observations on the na ture and capabilitiek of the present works, Mr. Stanistreet concluded by saying that he felt perfectly satisfied that the ar ra ngement§ which the Town-clerk had proposed with reference to the Harrington works would be carried out to the fullest extent. Mr. PAGE stated that during their (the snrveyors') visit that morning to the courts and buildings of the town, they had heard no complaints of the supply afforded by cisterns; it was only in the case of stand pipes that any complaints were made. AIR. HER BERT sa id t h at on that po i nt the greatest objection they had was with the position of the cisterns in the courts. It was stated that they were placed adjacent to privys—that should not be the case. Mr. S TANISTREET.—May I ask if during your visit you heard any complaints regarding the inadequacy of the supply? Mr. HERBERT. —Not at all. Mr. PAGE.—Some of the houses are in the most filthy state ; but that would not in the least reflect on the companv,—but, indeed, they are not worse in that respect than 1 have seen them in London. Mr. James MacDonald sworn and examined by Mr. STANT STREET..-1 14111 the superintendent of the Liverpool and Ilstr- TTE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. rington Water Works. I know that the water is supplied three or four times a week to all the inhabitants in town. We never supply less than three times a week. Our hours of service are from six b'c!ock in the morning until eight o'clock in the evening. The water is never kept on less than half an hour at once, and in some districts three or four hours; and in addition to this, there are a great many who have a constant supply from the mains. During the service, all parties who are provided with cisterns ere fully supplied. We know when the supply is perfect in the district, because the turncock of the district is furnished with a . gauge, and after he turns on the water he waits till the water in the mains over flows in the highest part of the district. Practically the cis terns answer well in every instance that I know of. We have some instances of the ball-cocks getting out of repair, but no other inconvenience ensues from them. When parties com plain, however, of these things we have them rectified imme diately. I know that, for it is my duty to attend to these com plaints. I have heard parties in this court stating that they were obliged to wait till 12 o'clock at night for their supply of water ; but I know that generally speaking that observation is not true, except when we have something wrong with the pipes, or when a fire takes place. I made it my duty to examine whether the cisterns contained enough of water, and in every instance I found that they did. I found that where the cisterns were sufficiently capacious the inhabitants had an abundant supply of water. In some courts there may be a little difficulty attending the construction of cisterns in them, but those in stances are very few. The expense of erecting cisterns varies according to the material used in their formation. Some cost 10s., some ..t1 3s. ; and some more than that sum. I know of no reason why the poorer class should not be as well sup. plied as the rich, except the want of accommodation. Both are suppl ied at the same time. In those parts ofthe town where the people are accommodated with cisterns, they are welt supplied, while in many instances the people in an adjoiningcourt are not. That is owing to the want of proper cisterns to contain the water. We sometimes give extra services during the night, but they never interfere with those on the regular days. We have the engine at Windsor working at night as well as in the day-time, latterly. I recommended the directors to adopt that plan, in order that we might be able to give a better supply in case a fire should occur at night. To Mr. Peon.—We have been doing that these twelvemonths past. To Mr. STANISTREET.—We use the water with which we charge the mains at night for other purposes in town. We sent it, for instance, to the reservoirs which we have for the shipping. We could provide a much larger quantity of water from our present works than we are called upon to supply. Mr. HERBERT.--I Suppose you mean by that answer that a large quantity of it runs to waste 7—Yes, a large quantity of it lies in the lodgements; and we have at this moment 2GO gallons per minute running to waste clown the mains. We have this superabundant supply at both the Windsor and Soho stations. To Mg. STANISTREET.—At Windsor especially, there is a large body of water more than we can make use of, notwith standing that we are pumping at it night and day for twelve months. Mr. PAGE.—Can you. tell what depth of water is in your well ? Seventy-two feet from the bottom of the lodgements. —Can you state what quantity you deliver per diem? Yes; we can deliver per day from Windsor alone 9,220,000 gallons. Mr. M`Donalcl here read a statement of the depths of the wells at each station, and the amount of engine power employed, together with the quantity of water which could be raised from them. In reply to a question from Mr. Stanistreet, he said that they were preparing to distribute even a larger quantity from Windsor than they had done heretofore. I have no doubt that I could obtain a much larger quantity, if it were re quired. I have introduced an improvement in the sys tem of supplying water to extinguish fires, by which we will be able to give a much better supply. I propose to keep the wa ter at high pressure on all the mains throughout the town. The defective state of the street valves was the only cause for the want of a proper supply of water in time of fire. Mr. PAOE.—Hovi do you calculate the number of gallons you discharge per minute? Very simply. The pinngerat Windsor is 15 inches in diameter, and I square the diameter of the pipes and cut off all the figures to the right of the decimal point, and the remainder is the contents of one yard of pipe. Then I know that the engine gives ten strokes per minute; and both calcula tions taken together gives me the result. I can make no ob servations on the different strata, as I am not sufficiently ac • quainted with Feology" to enable me to do so. .At Windsor we have a stand pipe column 70 feet high, and at all other stations except Copperas-hill, we have columns of 50 feet high. Mr. l'AuE.—Can you give any statement of the diameter and length of the mains? No, I cannot. Mr. STA N STRE ET thought that was shown on the plans which the Town-clerk proposed to hand in. Mr. PA GE.—We have not got those plans yet. The TOWN-CLERK said they were really very troublesome to prepare; but as soon as they were ready they should be handed in. To Mr. PAGE.—When I bored at the Soho station, below the depth of the well, I found water in abundance. I made a bor ing there of 230 feet from the bottom of the well. The diame ter of that boring was six inches. I cannot tell exactly what accession of water we got, but I think that we got a great deal, as we allow from that station 150 gallons per minute to run yaste. The boring was entirely through the red sandstone It does not in the least affect the quality of the water. — Then, if you wished to obtain a large quantity of water for any purpose, what course would you pursue? In .the first place, I would bore at Windsor till I exhausted that supply; that, however, would not be easily done.—You would not put down drifts ? No, I would bore.—Can you tell what is the cost of this boring? No, I cannot. Mr. STA NISTA EET.—About 255. per yard. Mr. PAGE.—Can you give a statement of the cost of sinking these wells ? Mr. lI'DONALD —No I cannot. all M t r h . H s n R f M o r O m o a D t o R n A , BANNER.—The and any other t books her ou sow require that an shall ; bed laid before you. Mr. PAGE.—Can you give a statement of the cost of laying the mains in Liverpool? . Mr. BANNER.-1 fear not with accuracy. We have no ac counts to give it from. Mr. PAGE.—Have you taken the levels of the reservoirs as compared with the highest point to which you supply water? Mr. BANNER.—We have not; but we might have that for yon. Mr. PAGE.—Has Tour water been analysed. Dr. Lyon Play. fairs statement only gave the hardness of it; but it does not give the analysis ?_. _ _ Mr. BANNER.—It appears from the hooks that the water was analysed when the works were first commenced. That analysis I shall be most happy to give. It was made by Drs. Curry and Jerrard, accompanied by Augeon Day, all of them eminent chemists in this tewn. There was another analysis of it taken in 1824, by a Mr. Lowe, a brewer. He brewed from the dif ferent waters about town, and he thought it advisable to have an analysis taken. These I beg leave to hand in as the only ones we have. The TOWN-CLERK stated that he had an analysis.by Dr. Playfair, which he would give them. Mr. STAN ISTREET (to Mr. M Donald).—What experience have you had in extinguishing fires? I have been present at almost all the fires in Liverpool during the last twelve or four teen years, as a superintendent of police. Mr. PAGE.—Can we be furnished with a list of all the fires which have occurred, together with the amount of property which has been destroyed? TOWN-CLERK.—How far back shall we require to carry it? Mr. PAGE.—About ten years. TOWN-CLERK.—Then we will procure it for you. • To Mr. STANISTREET.—The amount of property destroyed • in Liverpool is not now near so great as it used to be. Mr. PAGE.—How do you manage to hear of the occurrence when a fire takes place? Mr. M`Donald.—The officer on duty calls the assistance of, another officer, and then he runs and spreads the alarm at the fire police-station ; and then they bring the engines to the men at the fire plugs, who bring the water from the mains as soon • as possible. The detective state of the old side-cocks, which allowed the water to escape, was the greatest cause of scarcity of water in time of fire. Mr. PAGE.—What quantity of water do you give to the- ship ping? I cannot tell now exactly ; but I suppose you will get a statement of it also.—Do you charge by the cask ? Yes.—At what rate? I cannot tell, I never interfere in financial matters, TOWN-CLERK.—The act fixes the price at Is. per 100 gallons. Mr. PAGE.—Are you confident that you can supply water suf ficient for all the purposes of Liverpool 7-1 am. If proper ar rangements were made to enable the company to do so. Mr. M'Donald was then cross-examined at great length, by the Town-clerk, after which Mr. Harmoo'd Banner was sworn, and examined by Mr. STANISTREET.—I am chairman of the directors of the Liver pool and Harrington Waterworks; and I have been on the directory of that company during the last thirty years. The company was at first under the management of the Town Council. The directory was composed of five members of the council and seven of the proprietors. Afterwards the members of the council were reduced to three, in consequence of the inattention which they chewed to the interests and affairs of the company. It was found at the time that the company could not do without an efficient directory ; and, therefore, we were obliged to elect gentlemen who would give their attention assiduously to the interests and affairs of the body. Our capital was originally only £lOO shares; but we found that would not be sufficient for the purpose of workin g the establishment, and so they were increased to .e2OO ; that, how ever, was to be sustained by the income. We have expended a considerable portion of our income in extending the works. There is no other fund applicable for the purpose. At the last session of parliament we obtained an act by which we have been enabled to raise money for the extension of the works. The board of directors have made every possible exertion in their power not only to meet the increasing wants of the people, but also to anticipate them. That has ever been their study,—and it was that principle which actuated them in D o previously you cn sd it consider t e has that e t e e seeking for the bill of l as t sess i on,— b ecause they, knew that in. '(' . T o h e m N p V a i n n y d , s s o r r e station s was ar e erected in 1842, an a short time th e works would be insufficient to meet the de- if n supplygiven us a large access i on o f ample enough at the present time to supply Liverpool? Ido Does your past experience as I' that no limit has been come to as a regards lead you to believe you can raise , at your works ? Certa in r;l! the quantity t of water iere has been . nO limit come to yet ; nor do I believe tliat for very to come there could be the possibility of our findingmaalyzars During the last thirty years you have always obtained an addi tional supply when you required it ? Yes; always.—Do you see any difficulty in giving the poor that supply which is necessary for their welfare? Ido not. If the company shall be assisted by the public bodies of the town. 1 will., guarantee that they shall be properly supplied. In all the proposed Sanatory regulations which the Council have entered upon, they never offered to assist the present company in their efforts to supply the poor with good and wholesome water. If the Council had sought for and enforced the powers which we have obtained, many years ago, such things as improper receptacles for water, would not now be heard of. Mr. PA GE.—Have they the power? Mr. BANNER..--Oh what Committee of Parliament would refuse them. Mr. Banner was then examined, and cross-ex amined at great length ; after which several gentlemen handed in written statements of the grounds of their objections to the bill, and also of the nature of their claims for compensation. The court adjourned shortly after seven o'clock. Of the sixty-nine words which comprise the Lord's Prayer, only five are not Saxon. In company, a few evenings since, a party of nautical gentlemen of New York, Boston, and Philadelphia as serted that, before long, steam-ships would leave Liver.. pool daily, running alternately to New York, Boston, and Philadelphia ! And why not ? A GOOD REASON FOR A CHRISTMAS Box.—A boy went to the post-office; Totnes, and said, " Please, ma'am, bant e agoin' to gie me an yt hing for Chri s t mas ?" " For what rea s o n ?" "Cause always brings rnylet terkto your post-office ! " CASE MARBLE.—A discovery is stated to have been made at Charlottenburg, by which marble may be cast in moulds of any size, the marble being equal in quality to the purest Carrara marble. Several figures have already been• cast of the size of life. The cost is stated to be 1 dollar a foot.—The Builder. _ _ BRIDAL ORNAMENTS.—THE ORANGE. FLOWER.-- How beautifully fitting an emblem and becoming an orna ment is the orange flower for the virgin bride ! For does not its milky purity tell long, long tales of the snow -like affection of the generous maiden who is about to give away her heart to one whose love she has yet to try ? Is it not the silver blossom of a tree that bears rich and golden fruit ? And is it not left to say whether, by casting on the virgin bud the sunshine of his smiles, he shall ripen it into sweetness; or, by withholding them, she shall remain sour after her green youth has passed away ? But, ah ! how many a tender young wife, who at the altar sighs that her budding hopes may grow into the sweet fruit of St. Michael, finds them, in the end, alas ! only converted into the bitter ones of Seville.—Adventures of a Lady in search of a good Servant. FOREIGN 4- COLONIAL INTELLIGENCE. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE HIBERNIA. The royal mail steam-ship, Hibernia, arrived here yes terday morning, at an early hour, bringing accounts from New York to the 31st ultimo. The Hibernia encountered during her outward passage, a succession of heavy wester ly gales which retarded her voyage, which occupied twenty days. She has brought seventy-four passengers. With• the exception of the commercial intelligence there is scarcely an item of information of the slightest import ance. Nothing authentic was known of the movements of Santa Anna's troops ; but it was believed that Vera Cruz, and San Juan d'Ulloa would ,shortly be attacked. The twenty-three million treasury note-bill has received the sanction of Congress. The New York Express, in an article on rumourod changes in the tariff, says, that " the secretary will ask for an increase of ten per cent. on iron, and a reduction of ten per cent. on small manufactures of iron, &c., an advance of thirey per cent. on refined sugar, with a tax of twenty per cent. on tea and coffee." Our contemporary doubts the success of the request. The American Ocean steamer, of 2,350 tons burden, was launched at New 'York on the 30th ult. am id s t great rejoicings from an immense concourse of people. The comirerci dsaccounts received in America by the Hibernia had given a great impetus to shipments of flour and grain. Tne Herald of the 30th ult says :—" Within the past week there has been a complete revolution in our ' local monetary affairs. The great influx of specie has had a favourable influence upon prices of every description of stock, and an advance of several per cent. has already been realized. The greatest activity prevails in all our markets, and our great staples are advancing with the greatest rapidity. 'We have hardly enough vessels in port to meet the demand from shippers, and freights have reached higher rates than ship-owners have experienced for many years. Our packet ships are coining money, and notwithstanding the immense tonnage of those en gaged in the Liverpool trade, they are filled to their utmost capacity. While prices for cotton continue to ad vance so rapidly, and speculation runs so high in this mar ket, the shipments will be rather limited, but bread •stuffs are pushing forward in immense quantities." The Express, after noticing the advance in cotton pro ' duced by the advices from Liverpool to the 12th Decem ber, says that " the increase of price continued upon the news of the Hibernia, and prices close full one-per cent. per pound higher than before the news. Upon- the prices of bread stuffs the effect of the news was still more marked. Flour, at the receipt of the news, rose from 5 dollars 624- cents. to 7 dollars per barrel, at which rate it closes firm, and in good demand. Wheat closes at 1 dollar 50 cents the bushel, and Indian corn at 1 dollar• a price it had not borne since 1839. Rye, oats, and all grains are in equally good demand at similar advances in. price, and the amount of business. is only restricted by the small stocks, and the small tonnage in our ports. This demand for bread stuffs, at such largely improved rates, has given a buoyancy to the feelings of merchants rarely noticed, and they, with good reason, anticipate a largely increased business, for as the farmers are made richer by the rise of produce, so will they in turn con sume more goods of all kinds. The stocks of bread stuffs at the north are gradually growing less, and the trade in grain will soon be turned to New Orleans. The great West, that in New Orleans finds the market for its lead ing staples, will soon have a chance to send the produce of their fields to Europe, at higher rates than ever. Al ready the receipts of bread stuffs and provisions have in creased beyond former years, as we have shown in a table below, that is worth examination, giving, as it will, some idea of the large amount of the necessaries of life in that market. The next mail from England is looked for with much interest by dealers in cotton and bread stuffs, many of whom look for further advances. Whether prices ad vance or recede, we have still as much of the necessaries of life in this country as our tonnage can take across the water. Many weeks will not pass before the canals of Pennsylvania and New York will be in operation, pouring into the seaboard towns the still large stocks of grain now in the interior." The Herald says that on the 30th ult. 67 of their largest ships were as busy as they could be at New York, loading provisions of all kinds for Europe, and at New Orleans on the 20th ult. 73 were loading with similar cargoes, whilst probably there are that many more engaged for the same purpose—distributed through the various ports in the country. From intelligence from Rio to the 20th of December, we learn that sugars were tending downwards in price— the stock was 5,500 cases. Freights £5 per ton to Europe. From Havanah we have advices to Jan. 17. Molasses continued firm with an active demand. From Montevideo news had been received to the Ist of December, General Rivera was at Vivoras on the 26th of November, and having collected his forces, was soon to .commence operations. The forces under hid command amounted to about 4000 men, of which 2750 were cavalry, and the remainder infantry ; he had also seven pieces of artillery. A letter to Rio says,—" We have nothing to fear from Urquiza at Corrientes. Rivera will soon open the campaign and probably with brilliant results. General Oribe had taken no steps for the campaign. The General Assembly of Cerito had declared that the extraordinary powers given him by the acts of last year should be cancelled. From Buenos Ayres there is not an item of news. In Entre Rios there reigned the most per fect tranquillity, and commerce was brisk. The English admiral, Inglefield, sailed from Monte Video for the Cape of Good Hope on the 11th, on board the frigate Vernon, accompanied by the brig-of-war Acorn. These vessels were part of the English squadron in the Rio de Plata. OPERATION OF THE AMERICAN TARIFF OF 1846.—The receipts under the new tariff, for the month of December last, show an increase over the previous December, under the act of 1842, of 20 per cent. at the New York Custom house ; and, so far as ascertained, up to the 10th of Jan., the increase was going on. NEW YORK Col-TON MARKET, JAN. 30.—The lapse of a month since our last review of the market, perCambna, shows a wonderful change in prices, as you will notice on referring to our quotations. We quoted fair Uplands, at that date, 11*c. ; to-day, they sell freely at 131 c.—a rise of fully 2c. per lb. Our market commenced to strengthen up immediately after the de parture bf that steamer, and for the first two weeks the rise was very gradual, fair Uplands being quoted on the 16th inst. at 1 1 ac. per lb. About the 20th instant, we received a few days' later accounts Per sailing vessels, which being considered a fore runner of a large advance in your market, buyers came freely forward, and each day's sales after that (late exhibited a de cided improvement, and as the time drew nearer, when the arrival of the Hibernia might be confidently looked for, prices seemed to increase by giant strides—fair Uplands being quoted on Saturday, 23d instant, at 121 c. for large parcels. On Mon day morning, 25th instant, we received the news per telegraph of the arrival of the Hibernia at Boston, her accounts from Liverpool to the sth instant being more favourable than san guine operators for a rise anticipated; prices advanced c. per lb. on that day, at which 4000 bales changed hands. The fol lowing day the sales were to the same extent; but as holders brought forward large parcels, the advance of ac. was barely maintained. The next day new buyers appeared, and the sales ran up to 10,000 bales at full prices, the market closing up tight at the above advance. On Thursday the sales reached 7000 bales, at an additional improvement of ic. Yesterday there was a good business done, and the sales were reported at 5000 bales. About one quarter of the operations of the last three days were for export, all the residue being on speculation. The sales for the week ending 9th instant were 10,000 bales ; for the week ending 16th instant, 11,000 bales; for the week ending 23d instant, 16,000 bales. Since, 26,000 bales. The receipts at this port since the Ist instant, have been 23,000 bales • exports since Ist instant, 10,000. Taken by spinners, 10,000. Taken on speculation, 30,000. Amount on sale, 8,000. The movements in the staple, in the aggregate this season, compared with a corresponding period, in the previous two, have been as annexed:— Bales. Receipts at ports of the United States since Sept. 1, 1846 JP Jf same period last year 860,127 If 7, ~ If , year before 972,010 rt Expos from United States since Sept. 1, 1846 374,885 Of If ff If same period last year 477,503 t , „ ~ year before 602,772 The closing quotations in this market were as an an nexed:— LIVERPOOL CLASSIFICATION. New Orleans Uplands. Florida. Mob. &Texas. Inferior , none. none. . none. Ordinary ll4 to 12 none. 12 to 124 Middling 124 to 124 124 to 124 124 to 122 Good Middling Middling Fair 122 to 13 121 to 13 13 t o 134 Fair 1 34 to 13/ 134 to 134 134 to 132 Fully Fair 134 to 131 none. 132 to 14 Good Fair l4 to 144 none. ' 14 to 144 Fine Nnw ORLEANS, Jan. 20.—Our last report left the cotton market in a very firm position, and most holders were claim ing somewhat higher rates than our quotations. This firm stand of the factors had the effect to check the operations of gnichasers, and the market on Saturday was extremely quiet, the sales barely . reaching 800 bales. On Monday there was rather more business done, the sales amounting to 3500 bales, but still the market exhibited little activity, though in the 1 transactions which took place prices were tolerably well sup ported. Yesterday was a rainy, disagreeable day, and partly from this cause, perhaps, there was nothing of consequence done, though it was quite apparent that buyers generally are not disposed to enter the market at the rates claimed; and prices, though without any material decline, may be considered somewhat easier than at the close of our last report. The sales yesterday were barely 1200 bales, making a total for the three days of only 5500 bales, taken partly for the North, but mostly for England and the Continent. The total receipts at this port since the Ist September, are 374,873 bales, against 453,257 bales at same date last year, showing a decrease of 78,284 bales ; while in.the receipts at all the ports, up to the latest dates, as compared with last year, there is an increase of 2462 bales. In the total exports from the United States to foreign countries, as compared with the same dates last year, there is a decrease of 131,356 bales to Great Britain, and 6129 to France, while to other foreign ports there is an increase of 21,636 bales. Comparative Prices of Cotton at this date,in the following years: 1847. 18 46. 1845. 1844. Inferior 82 to 9 54 to to 645 3 to 32 74 to 7 6 Ordinary to good ord 94 to 924 to 44 84 to 81 Middling ' 104 to 104 63 to 6* 4* to 4i 1 0 , to 9 Good Middling IN to 104 62 to GI 5 to 5 I' 7 Middling Fair 10k to 1 0 2 74 to 74 5! to 5 2 94 to 94 .Fair ll to 114 74 to 72 64 to 62 91 to 94 Good Fair ila to 112 84 t 0 84 7 to 74 to to 102 Good and Fine 124 to 13 9 to 10 74 to —ll to Statement of Cotton. 4 . Stock on hand Ist September, 1816 1 1 1 .. bales 6,332 Arrived during the past three dugs 17,301 'Arrived previously - ----374,873 391,205 Exported during the past three days 11,427 Exported previously -205,637 Stock on hand and on ship board bales 175,568 MOBILE, JAN. 20.—COTTON.—The market has been quite animated during the past three days, at gradually improved rates. The sales are estimated at 11,000 bales, as follows:- 3,000 on Saturday, 4,500 on Monday, and 3,000 to 3,500 to-day. We quote middling 104 c. to 108 c., remarking' that very little has been done at the inside figure for the last two days. Ar rived since Friday, 10,452 bales, cleared in the same time 1,904, leaving stock on hand this evening, 35,349 pales, AUOUSTA, JAN. 23.—CorroN.—Since Wednesday there has been a good inquiry for cotton in this market, but the stringent prices asked by holders have kept purchasers out of the market, and the transactions have been to a limited extent, at an im provement on last Wednesday's prices of 3c. SAVANNAH, JAN. 22.—CorroN.—Arrived since the 15th ip stant, 12,371 bales Upland, and 391 Sea Islands. The exports r same period have been 7518 bales Upland, and 20 Sea. Islands; leaving a stock on hand and shipboard not cleared of 55,451 bales Upland, and 1553 Sea Islands, agaiust 15,060 bales Upland, and 775 Sea Islands, at same time last year. Throutth out the week the market has been very' much excited, and the • sales - have in consequence been at very irregular prices. The principal improvement has been on the lower qualities. We quote for square bales :—Ordinary, 6 to - 6; middling 10 to II 101 ; middling fair, 101 to 107 ; fair and' fully fair, 101 to 100 ; good , fair, 11. Round bales of similar quality are about ic. to per lb. cheaper. The sales of the week amount to 9256 bales. There has been more demand for Sea Island during the week; and full prices have been obtained; The sales amount to - 339' ' FLOUR AND MEAL.—The large advance . in Western Flour, consequent upon the reception , of the Hibernia's favourable ad vices, has not been sustained, 'owing to a disposition on the part of holders to realize at the enhanced rates ; the market has, in consequence, become heavy, and prices may be quoted 124 to 25 cents lower. We quote, in the present state of things, Geriesse 6,871 dollars to 7 dollars, some of the large holders, in view-of the reduced stock, refusing to sell below the latter rate, and Michigan and Ohio 6,75 dollars to 6,871 datars. In south ern there has been more doing, out of this also the principal sales- were previous to yesterday ; they include 1,500 barrels Richmond extra at 7 dollars : and 7,500 to 8,000 barrels George town. Alexandria, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Brandywine, 6,50 dollars to 6,75 dollars, which is now a fair quotation for the various descriptions. Rye Fiour is in fair request at 4,50 dollars to 4,75 dollars, at which small sales have been made. Corn Meal has again been in active demand, but at the close was dull and offered at rather low prices. The sales here and for fUture delivery reach about 35,000 barrels 'Jersey, Penn sylvania, and Brandywine, mostly at 4,50 dollars to 5 dollars, with:some in small parcels 5,031 dollars to 5, l 2 dollars ; a small lot Richmond, Galte t .,eo, sold at 5 dollars cash. Exports from Ist to 26th Januar/. Wheat Flour 108,610 barrels. Rim—Since the arrival of the last advices from Europe, an improvement has been experienced, and the entire sales of the week amount to 1,070 tierces at 3 dollars to 3 dollars 75 cents for ordinary to fair; and 1 dollar 871 cents to 4 dollars 371 with a few tierces at 4 dollars 50 cents for good to the best at market. The stock is very light for the season. IRON. —We notice sales of Scotch Pig, say KO' to 1,000 tons within a few days at 29 dollars to 31 dollars, cash and six months, including some at 30 dollars to 31 dollars, cash, but for best brands, holders generally ask higher rates. Part of an invoice of common Swedes brought 85 dollars, six months, from the vessel. We h earofno recent transactionsin English bars FREIGHTS.—To Great Britain freights continue exceedingly brisk, and a further advance has been realised. To Liverpool, besides the packets, the fine ship Galena was taken up to load flour (19;000 barrels) at 6s. 91 per barrel ; another at 7s. ; the Hudson at 7x. for flour, and 23d. to 24d. for corn in bags and bulk ; a new ship, yet on the stocks, at 7s. for fibur, and 22d. to 23d. for corn. in bags and bulk ; and the Pacific- - (part of cargo) at Is., and 22d. in bags and bulk. At the close some engage ments of corn were made at 245 d. in bulk, and:2sd. was after wards offered. To London there has been a similar improve ment, and we advance our rates generally. Wheat, in bags, was taken yesterday at 23d. per bushel ; 6s. Dd. to Is. per barrel; spirits turpentine, 755. per 252 gallons, &c. To Ire land three' vessels were engaged at 24d. for corn, in bags; to Havre, for Cotton, 14 cent. per lb. for s q uare b a l es , 3 cent. for hides. 2 for tallow, &c., has been obtained, but there is not much flour or grain offering. To Antwerp, we understand, 36 cents. per bushel for grain, in bulk, have beea.paid. EXCHANGE.—The business for the steamerof the Ist proximo has been very large, and prices have fluctuated. considerably. We quote Bills on London, 5i to 61 per cent. premium, with some small sales a little higher : Paris, sf. 40. to 3f. 371. ; Am sterdam, 39/ to 391 ; Antwerp, 391 to 391; Hamburgh, 34i to 35 ; and Bremen, 77/ to 7711 cents. Exchange on London closed heavily. WEST INDIES. The Dee mail steamship has arrived at Southampton, with full mails from the West Indies and Mexico. There are also papers from the Havannah, Porto• Rico, and St. Domingo; and from the whole chain of the West Indian Islands the accounts are unusually prosperous, the season having been everywhere fine ; and whilst the present sugar crops are highly promising, it appears that the arrival of fresh bodies of Hill Coolies had been extensive, which improves the prospect for the cultivation of sugar, the supplies of which the opening of the English market is rapidly stimulating throughout the tropical parts of the new world. The Dee brings as freight the sum of 243,464 dollars, all on merchants' account ; but there is no intel ligence of the arrival of the conducta at Tampico, with the 2,000,000 of dollars, known to have been on the way from the mines. BRAZIL. An arrival from Pernambuco brings dates to the 29th of December inclusive. The Christmas holidays were on, until the expiration of which, business would not be re sumed. Exchange was firm at 29d. ; freights, 655., and 5 per cent. The Columbus, Green, had arrived out in twenty-three days from Liverpool: From Bahia the dates are to the 18th December. Exchange was 28d., and freights 605., and 5 per cent. From Rio Janeiro the dates are to the Bth December. Exchange 28d., and freights 50s. to 555., and 5 per cent. F R A N C E. The Paris Presse of Thursday announces as positive, that Lord Palmerston has succeeded in bringing over Prussia to his views upon the subject of Spain. M. Guizot, in his late speech, warns the Chamber that England was persevering in her efforts to attach the Northern Courts to her policy on this question, and now, according to this organ of the Cabinet, she bas succeeded through her foreign minister so far as Prussia is concerned. This intelligence may yet turn out to be of very great importance. The Siecle pretends to be able to confirm the rumour of Lord Normanby having sent a dispatch to London, to the effect, that he could no longer hold per sonal intercourse with M. Guizot, "in consequence of which," adds this paper, " either Lord Normanby will leave. Paris or M. Guizot must retire." If M. Guizot is to fall, let him fall before the judgment of his country constitutionally pronounced. PRUSSIA. The long-expected Prussian " Constitution" (as we have learnt to call it) was actually published last Wednes day, at Berlin. The electoral body acquire thereby a direct control over the creation of loans and the imposi tion of taxes (subject to certain very material exceptions), together with the privilege of making representations by way of petition on matters relating to the whole realm or to more than one province. These powers are to be vested in a General Diet, composed of all the members of the provincial diets, and divided into two houses, the whole, however, voting together on financial questions ; the said Diet to be convoked whenever a new tax is le vied, or loan raised, and to exercise its functions at other times through the medium of a Committee sitting at fixed intervals. The Diet has no power to originate measures except by petition, or to interfere in the appropriation of the revenue. Considered as an instalment of representa tive Government, this can hardly be called a very liberal one ; but taking into account the diversity of habits and interests among the Prussian people, their extensive and elastic municipal system, and the amount of indirect in fluence which the great machinery of the Executive throws into the hands of the middle classes, we think it adequate to the demand. DON MiGuEL.—A telegraphic despatch from Marseilles of the 7th announces that Don Miguel has secretly left Rome. He went down to the port of Ostia, entered a boat waiting for him, which put him on board a vessel cruising off the port, which immediately set sail. It is believed that he intends to return to Portugal, where, however, he will probably arrive too late to finkany of his adherents in arms. STOCKS AT ODESSA. — According to a statement com piled by the Dutch consul at Odessa, it appears that the shipments from that port in the month of December, comprising grain, wool, &c., were to the amount of 27,000,000 roubles banco, sent over in 1,382 ships. There were 130 vessels in port early in January, but it would re quire 1,000 ships to bring away the produce already avail able, so large were the supplies from the interior in con sequence of the fine weather. IRELAND. A parcel, containing £1521, was abstracted from the Nenagh and Limerick coach on Saturday last. Mr. William Grace, late High Sheriff of Limerick, has been found guilty of the charge of forgery. The Marquis of Sligo has sacrificed his park of six hundred deer, at Westport, to support a poor-relief kit chen in that impoverished district. A correspondent of the Tralee Chronicle states that several " donkeys " have been sacrificed in that country by the starving peasants, and used as food. A lady in Ireland has offered to give £lOO for the suffering Irish, if, by the end of March next, nine other ladies shall have contributed a similar sum each. The chairmanship of the Primitive Wesleyan Methodist Society of Ireland is vacant by the lamented death of the venerable Adam Averill, contemporary of the celebrated John Wesley, at the Patriarchal age of ninety-three years. CHARGES ON THE LAND IN IRELAND.--In a letter to the Dublin Mail Lord Mountcashel calculates the charges on the landlords of Ireland for poors' rates, county rates, and proportion of tithe rent charge at £1,500,000. No fewer than fifteen inquests, at which verdicts of " died of starvation " were returned, were held at Bantry on Wednesday week. On the conclusion of the first case the jury wished to bring in a verdict of wilful murder against Lord John Russell, but werb at last persuaded to the contrary. TRALEE. — Dysentery is most fatal in this town. Death is rife in every alley and lane in Tralec. Six deaths are reported to us as having occurred yesterday in the Old Quarry. On Wednesday five persons died of dysentery in the Rock. In two days since our last publication, the mother and father of a family, who had been in health last week, fell victims to this disease.—Kerry Post. DEATHS IN CORK WORKHOUSE.—From Monday week to Sunday, both days inclusive, there were 124 deaths in the Cork Workhouse. During the first seven days of 1846 there were,but 13, and during the same days in 1845, there were 17. During the month of January last, there were 299 deaths in the Workhouse. Dori ng the month of January 1846 there were but 37, and in January 1845 there were 48 deaths. The number in the house in Janu ary 1846 was about 1900, and in the same month in 1845, over 2000. There are now upwards of 5000 in the house. —Cork paper. REPEAL ASSOCIATION.—The skeleton depot mustered on Monday in the usual meagre force, the Head Pacifica tor discharging the duties of chairman. A letter from Mr. O'Connell was read, enclosing £5 108., being the month's subscription of himself, his four sons, and thirty grandchildren, towards the insolvent exchequer of Con ciliation Hall. In the course of his missive Mr. O'Connell gives various classes of the English population credit for their sympathy and ready assistance to suffering Ireland, but avowing his despair of substantial and comprehensive relief from parliament, recommending, also, Mr. O'Fla herty as the man for Galway. The rent amounted to precisely £2B 9s. 6d.—of which the following is an analy sis :--From John O'Brien, London, came £lO. ; from the O'Connell's, a contributio n o f £5 10s. ; from Glasgow, £ll. ; anonymously, from London, 19s. ; leaving as the gross amount contributed by all Ireland—£lo 19s. 6d. As ten pounds, therefore, are to two thousand, so is Repeal In "'47 "to Repeal in "'43." Why will O'Con hell persist in drawing this miserable pittance from a disappointed and starving people ? In the name of de cency he ought to terminate, or at least to drop a curtain over. the horrid spectacle. The Rev. Dr. Trail, Rector of Schull, in a letter to the editor of Saunders', relates the following piteous incident : —A female was observed directing her way to the grave yard, unattended, save by two children which she bore in hat arms. One of theM, it seems, was a corpse, and for it she scratched a hole, and having consigned it to its cold dwelling, she took, up the other and placed it in her lap, and was seen in that position waiting till it also should expire, that she might lay her two dead infants in one common grave. The Rev. Mr. Townsend, writing from Skibbereen, under date of the 2nd February, mentions one Eet which shows the dreadful state of that unfortu nate town. He says :—The situation of the workhouse as a pesthouse may be gathered, from this fact, that there were 16 deaths in eight hours there last Sunday ! Mumma OF A HUSBAND AND WIFE.—A double mur der, which could not be exceeded in atrocity in the most savage country, was perpetrated" in the town of Askeaton upon Saturday night. The unhappy victims were David Fitzgerald and his wife, an industrious couple. The murders were committed with Fitzgerald's own hatchet, which was found covered with. blood, and we learn from one who visited 'the awful scene upon Sunday morning, that the spectacle was most revolting and hideous,—the gashes upon the faces of the unfortunate victims, their brains Frotruding, and the flOor of the house literally deluged with blood. The fatal blows must have been rapidly inflicted, and with deadly force, as no alarm was heard, although the house was in the centre of several others, and within ten yards of the police barrack, and at a very early hour of the night, as Fitzgerald and his wife had not undressed or retired to bed. Robbery is supposed, to be the object that led to this horrifying crime, as Fitz gerald's boxes were found unlocked, and apparently rifled. A man named John M'Carthy, who worked as a journey man weaver with Fitzgerald, and i erho was at Fitzgerald's house on Saturday night, was suspected, and surrendered. himself to the police.—ltimeriek Chronicle. UNIVERSITY AND CLERICAL NEWS. Eton. Montem has been at length abandoned. The students at St. Bees College have remitted nearly £5O to• the Irish relief fund. Mr. Hattersley, the eighth wrangler at the recent com mencement at Cambridge, was for many years a member of the Society of Friends. The Bishop of Oxford was to preside yesterday (Mon day) at the annual meeting of the Church Missionary Society, at Oxford. A fire broke out at Cuddesdon Palace, the seat of the Bishop of Oxford, on Wednesday, but the consequence is not serious. The Bishop of Oxford has appointed the Rev. E. M. Goulburn, of Merton College, his examining chaplain. Mr. Goulburn is one of the leaders of the anti-tractariaa party. Mr. Edward Dewhurst, for some years the preacher at the Independent Chapel, Billericay, Essex, has re noanced the principles of dissent, and will shortly be or dained by the Bishop of Rochester. Lord Hardinge feeling for the " spiritual wants of a distant part of the parish of Penshurst, in which he re sides, has sent £l,OOO towards building and endowing a church or chapel there." The mobbing of the Proctors at Cambridge, when out at nights apprehending loose women, has not been dis continued: Legal proceedings have been commenced against five of the rioters ; who are to be tried at the next ,assizes. The architect employed to build the Protestant Church. at Leeds, to which Mr. Haigh was to give ten thousand pounds, has this week followed the example of Mr. Haigh, and of his pupil, Mr. Bruce, and been received into the Roman Catholic Church, at Oscott College, by Dr. Wise man. The Directors and contractors of the North Stafford shire Railway have placed £l,OOO at the disposal of the Bishop of Lichfield, to be employed in promoting the spiritual welfare of the labourers engaged in constructing that line, an example well worthy the imitation of all who embark in similar undertakings. His Lordship has placed the sum under the control of the Ven. Archdeacon Hod son. PARISH CLERK IN ORDERS.—The Rev. C. E. Douglas, 8.A., has been appointed parish clerk of Brighton, under the act of 7 and 8 'Victoria, intituled " An act for better regulating the offices of lecturers and parish clerks." He is appointed by the rector, and afterwards licensed by the bishop, to perform all such spiritual• and ecclesino-i ca l tduties as are performed by stipendiary curates. this is he first case of the kind in the diocese of Chichester. SECESSIONS FROM THE ESTABLISHED CHURCH.—The conversion of Mr. Haigh, of Leeds, to the Roman Catho lic faith, has been followed by that of his brother, who made his abjuration of the Protestant religion in the pri vate chapel of the Bishop's house at Birmingham, last week. On Sunday week Mr. Walter Buckle, of Exeter College, Oxford, was received at Oscott College, into the Romish Church, by Dr. Wiseman. THE UNIVERSITIES.—If the opponents of our universi ties will consult any ordinary English History, they will discover that the Universities always were as they now are, connected with the church of this country ; and that - the introduction of the Thirty-nine Articles into the Universities, at the time they were, is explained by the fact that the church at that time adopted them. So the whole rationale of the two Universities is simply, that they are Church of England places of education conferring degrees ; and we ask again, why should not the church have her own places of collegiate education, as other bodies have theirs ? BEBINGTON Cuuncll.—Tbe restoration of this building is now ahnost completed. The gallery, which formerly excluded the west end from the part appropriated for diNine service, has been taken away, and the Tranmere aisle extended, so that the church is now perfect in its proportions, consisting of a chancel, nave, and two aisles. The whitewash has been scraped from the pillars, the plastered ceilings destroyed, and the old roof exposed to view. There are five entire windows, besides the tracery of many others, which have been enriched with'stained glass. The reading desk is a continuation of the old stalls, and has been made of a part of the chancel screen, which was found in the church at the commencement of the alteration, and has furnished a copy for the pulpit, which is being finished in exactly the same style. The improvements have been conducted under the superin tendence of Mr. Roberts, of Berry-street, who some years ago restored the parish-church of Woodchurch. We congratulate our neighbours- upon the spirit and energy which has thus restored one of the finest churches in this vicinity from the mutilations which had been in flicted upon it by former generations. THE BENCH AND THE BAR. In the Court of Exchequer, on Thursday, M r . W a kl ey obtained a verdict, with 1.375 damages, against the pro prietor and publisher of the Medical Times for a libel. A supplement to the London Gazette of Saturday con tains two orders in council abolishing all courts for the recovery of small debts on the 13th of March next, except for Middlesex, Bath, Bristol, Liverpool, and Sheffield ; and ordering that on the 15th of March next the act of the last session shall be put in force. NEW QUEEN'S COUNSEL.—A number of new Queen's counsel will be made either previous to the circuits or in Easter term. Amongst the applicants for silk the follow ing are mentioned :—Mr. Bliss and Mr. Granger, of the Northern circuit; Mr. Townsend, of the North Wales circuit ; Mr. Miller, of the Midland ; and Mr. Prender gast and Mr. O'Malley, of the Norfolk Circuit. COPY Booxs.—ln the Court of Queen's Bench, on Thursday, an issue from the Court of Chancerywas brought to try whether a series of copy-books, published by Messrs. Darnell and Co., booksellers, were or were not art infringement of a series of copy books, called " Foster's Copy books," of which Messrs. Souter and Co., of Fleet street, are the proprietors. Of the first series of the lat ter, it appeared, no less than 450,000 had been sold up ta Christmas last. The great principle of the invention was the introduction of faint lines, so as to keep the letters of uniform size. The case was adjourned. CHURCH-RATES.—In the Court of Queen's Bench, on Monday, Lord Denman gave the decision of the court on another important question raised in the celebrated Brain tree church-rate case. The judgment was to the effect, that if a meeting be called for the purpose of levying a church-rate, an amendment that there be nq rate is not legal, and cannot be entettained, it being the duty of the meeting to make a rate. If, therefore, the majority re fuse a rate, they are to be considered as not taking part in the business of the meeting, and the minority may make a rate. In future, then, it will be impracticable ab solutely to refuse a rate ; but the object of the opponents will be substantially obtained by proposing a rate too small in amount to be collected. An action was tried last week 511 London against (the Marquis of Conyngham for goods supplied the marchion ess, from whom he is living separate, and to whom he allows £2,400 a-year, which the jury considered ample, and found for the defendant. The affairs of this ill-starred family were again exposed with painful minuteness ; but the feature of most mterest to the public was the fact, that, though his lordship's income from his Irish estates should be about £30,000, it does not in reality amount to more than £12,000. The property lies principally in • Donnegal, and is the came whose runious mismanagement was depicted in the earlier of the Times Commissioner's letters, especially contrasted with the same writer's ac count of.the adjoining estates of Lord George Hill. The marchioness is daughter to the Marquis of Anglesey, and sister to the Duchess of Richmond ; and the Albion says that the mother of the marquis, the present dowager marchioness, celebrated for her intimacy with George the Fourth, is the daughter of the late Joseph Denison, the Liverpool banker, and was considered the most desirable heiress in the three kingdoms, both on account of her fortune and her beauty. MELANCHOLY STATE OF THE LEGAL PROFESSION.— The existing judges of local courts having a prior claim to the judgeships under the small debts acts, the appoint ments to be made by the Lord Chancellor, do not exceed ' twenty. For these, it is said, no less than 750 arplica.- tions were made. • The story runs in Westminster Hall, that among these 750 petitioners for places were all but four of the seijeants ; to such straits are these dignitaries reduced by the abolition of their monopoly of the Com mon Pleas. Another curious appointment, according to rumour, is that of one of her Majesty's counsel, of thirty seven years standing at the Chancery bar, and . once ts_ man of note and in extensive pra c tice. The multitude of isfaor painfula n office proof eneitherfthe extent agreeableapplicants tryen that the bar is at present over-crowded. The fact is,is businessas rapidly l t u t e o ra w t ah n the r batevery devecerneasnoing. rapidly \‘lieitihwerreaisni increasi n g , w hile n H es a s ll , is on co t n h s e id eir er: a cui bly ts le o s r s quartera tl t ia t n he when w e fisess ions, rst . remember to have felt an in terest in it, twenty years since. Eveiy year diminishes the briefs, and multiplies the competition for them. The Herald calculates that, out of the 3,000 barristers cata logued in the law list, not more than 200 are 'sufficiently employed to earn a respectable maintenance.---Lazo Times. ~i --s i