The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1842-05-24 00:00:00

her right's or her privileges, bat as a religious benefactress, scattering the seeds of divine truth over the habitations of the globe, and sending forth her Christian ministers to preach among the heathen the unsearchable riches of Christ. (Cheers.) It had been said by an eloquent advocate of mis sions, though not in connection with the missionary subject, that the more we multiplied and diffused ourselves for great objects of benevolence, the more we guarded against the ex cuses and palliations which usually were in our power. Per haps nothing was more true, and he believed that the more we extended and multiplied ourselves for sacred objects the more we guarded against the acrimonies that embittered and met us in the course of life. He knew, indeed, of no field of exertion more sacred than that which was the object of this society ; and if it were true (and no man could doubt it) of those who remain ignorant of that truth, if the silence of na ture had not been broken, that there is joy in hea ven over one sinner, what enjoyment could be more important, or more eloquent or safe, than the undertaking in which they were that morning engaged? (Cheers.) The result of efforts of this kind would flow on concurrent with ourselves through all eternity ; but our connection with both exertions and re sults in time would be short, and ouropportunities of coming forward to assist in them must be most uncertain. Mr. HodgsOn concluded by moving the first resolution, to the effect that the report read to the meeting be adopted and circu lated under the direction of the committee, and that the com mittee be re-appointed. The Rev. F. OWEN, one of the deputation from the parent society, seconded the resolution, and said he had not risen so much to make a speech as in the way of a witness to give some testimony upon the state of the heathen world. It had been his lot, under Divine Providence, to visit a portion of it, and to return to his native counrty again, with the view, he trusted, of stirring up in the minds, if it were of but a few individuals, a sense of the perishing condition of the heathen. Yet it was but a small portion of the heathen world which it had been his lot to visit. The population of Southern Africa was exceedingly thin, there being, perhaps in the whole of it, not more than half a million of people. Among the Caffre tribes whom he journeyed through, there were about 70,000, or 100,000: the tribe to which he was sent as a missionary, the Zooloos, contained about 50,000 ; and after the abandonment of this mission (of which he might have an opportunity to give some account,) he went into the interior of Southern Africa, to the northward of the colony of the Cape of Good Hope, where there was a scat tered population over an immense extent of country, within the reach of Europeans, of perhaps not more than 100,000, if so many. Perhaps one might be disposed to say that the population of Southern Africa being so exceedingly thin,' she had not so great a claim upon our benevo lence as other countries where the population was so much greater. Yet it seemed to him, and he was im pressed with the conviction, that the circumstance of the thin ness of the population of the south of Africa, was a reason why we should more abundantly commisserate the heathens there, who were walking in darkness. (Hear.) Especially when we considered to what the thinness of the population was owing, and the reason why the re were i mmense t rac t s o f country wholly without inhabitants, through which, indeed, he had travelled from day to day, and week to week, without meeting a single soul. What was the reason of this ? It was crime that thinned the country of its inhabitants. It was not that the country was unable to support the population, be cause in some parts it was very fertile ; but it was crime which had emptied the country of its inhabitants. And what was the crime owing to? It was owing to the circumstance that the heathens of that country were not acquainted with the grounds of moral responsibility—because they were unac quainted with the first principles of religion ; because they were ignorant of the being of a God, and did not acknow ledge the doctrine of a Providence, or the superintendence of an invisible Being over the affairs of men, nor believe in a future state of rewards and punishments. (Hear, hear.) This being the case, we could easily comprehend how there could be no restraint to crime—how the passions of men, being uncontrolled by religion, must break forth and produce the most disastrous effects ; and the consequence of this had been, that nation had risen up against nation, tribe against tribe. They had, by their weakness and their injustice, pro voked Europeans to attack them ; and the effect had been, that society could not in that country hold together, the very bonds of society were dissolved, and society itself melted away. This was the reason why there were in that country so few inhabitants ; and it appeared to him that this was the reason why we should more abundantly commiserate these wretched persons. (Hear, hear.) He believed the object of the committee, in requesting him to attend this anniver sary, was, that he should give some account of what he had seen with his eyes, and some of the details of the mission, the unprosperous mission, to the Zooloos. He would remind the meeting that, although be had retired from the mission ary work, it was not because he himself had turned his back upon it, but because he was not supported in his sphere of labour by the society which had sent him out, and which could no-longer support him because they were not helped by the funds of the Christian public. (Hear, hear.) After the abandonment of the Zooloo mission, and having encoun tered great difficulties and perils for a year or two, he could have returned to the quiet labours of his own country, but he went to another part of Southern Africa, to the north of the Cape of Good Hope, where he would have laboured to this day bad the Church Missionary Society been able to support him there. It was the Zooloo mission, however, which was more properly the mission of the Church Mis sionary Society. They did not assist him in the Bettuanah country. He went thither upon his own suggestion; but when the society received the tidings of his departure to that country, they felt they were not able to carry on a mission in that remote region, although there were circumstances which rendered it peculiarly favourable to missionary enterprise, and it would have opened a way into the very interior of Africa; for beyond that particular place were innumerable tribes which had not been explored, and who would, from all accounts, be willing to receive missionaries among them. But as he had said before, it was the Zooloo mission which was the mission of the Church Missionary Society, and with which the attention of the meeting must be principally en gaged. He sailed to that country about five years ago, along with his friend Capt. Gardner; and having travelled through the tribes of Caffre land, and a large extent of uninhabited country beyond, he arrived at the south-east coast of Africa, from whence he went upon a visit to the Chief. The Chief might be considered, if the place had no idol, as the great idol of the nation. He was the object of their worship : they felt accountable to none but to him ; and the posture in which they approached him was the posture of worship. They used terms towards him applicable to no human being ; they talked of him as if he had neither beginning of days nor end of years; and they ascribe immortality to him. When he gave, as was customary, food to eat to the people who live in the town where he resides—when the meat was cut up and distributed among the people, they were accustomed, in their way of exclamation, to send out his praises in these terms — "Thou that art greater than the heavens." Many other terms of flattery they were in the habit of applying to him. This chief allowed him (Mr. Owen) to reside in a hut which he built for him in his own neighbourhood, about a mile from the town, in view also of a hill upon which criminals were wont to be executed for the most trifling crimes. On this spot he remained for four months, beholding from time to time—every morning almost—criminals dragged thither and butchered in the most summary way, being knocked with huge knobsticks upon their heads, and so instantly murdered. It was not possible for him to carry on the mis sionary work there with much success on account of the hostility which this tyrannical chief showed to the word of God. It seemed indeed as if he could not endure to hear of another being greater than himself ; it seemed as if he could not endure that his people should be instructed that there was another being whom they were to serve and regard above him, for when he (Mr. Owen) spoke to him and his people of God, it plainly appeared they had no conception of the spiritual essence of that Being, to whom be glory, for ever. (Hear.) Although by his questions to him (Mr. Owen), and his own answers thereto, he shewed that he con sidered he was himself some deceased chief of the white peo ple. According to his own ideas, they have a way of vene rating and worshipping the spirits of their ancestors, and particularly the spirits of their chiefs, to whom they offer propitiatary sacrifices, which spirits they suppose to exist after death. When, therefore, he spoke to them concerning a spiritual being, the creator and governor of all the world, the chief supposed he was talking to him of some deceased king of England; and when he enumerated to him the list of kings and queens of England, from William the Conqueror, he asked which of them were our Gods. (Hear.) Where the mind, there fore, was without religion, and it did not know the grounds upon which moral responsibility rested, there was no knowing to what extent their evil passions might carry them. This was the case with the king in whose dominions he lived ; he was a tyrant ; he acted according to his own will and fancy ; he was not restrained by any moral or religious considerations from putting any of his subjects to death whom he suspected, or whose cattle he desired to obtain, upon the slightest pre tence, either by public prosecution, or otherwise by secret assassination. He was the only being to whom his subjects looked up to with any reverence. They had, indeed, no no tion of any being superior to him, and thus they were desti tute of all the spirit of liberty. He might have another op portunity of giving a detailed account of the actions and manners of this cruel heathen king, which might not only interest, but shew what a miserable and unhappy creature man is without religion, when he is left to his own evil passions. He felt, however, that he could not at that time, addressing them at the early part of the meeting, when so many of his rev. brethren were waiting to speak. He should at the follow ing meeting bring before them, on the part of the Church Mis sionary Society, the general state of the heathen, and give a further account of his mission to the Zoloos ; but at present he should sit down by seconding the resolution. The resolution was then carried unanimously. The Rev. Tuouns NOLAN said that, by the arrangements for the meeting, he found himself privileged to introduce the next resolution : " That the success which it has pleased God to vouchsafe to the labours of our missionaries during the past year, espe cially in Western Africa, India, and New Zealand, calls for devout thankfulness and renewed prayer that the Lord of the Harvest would continue to own this society in gathering souls from among the heathen." To every true Christian the terms of the resolution affirmed only what he acknowledged at once to be an obvious duty, and felt, in the discharge of it, to be an exceeding great and happy privilege—to offer prayer and to render thanks. It was a good and pleasant thing to give thanks. The heart that is constrained, by an abiding sense of mercies past, to praise and bless the Lord for his goodness and the wonders that he doeth for the children of men, is the most likely to engage again with cheerfulness and vigour—the best elements of success—in fresh efforts of practical benevolence and active love. So that the f this resolution, while a mof mind, implied in the spirit of itis the on ly b ecom i ng on e for the Christian, is unqu estionably the best a l so f or th e i n terests of the cause whi c h he seeks to advance. A spring of latent energy is detected, a fountain of exhau s tl ess h ope i s o p ene d, an ardour is awake ne d in the mind, duly thankful for the past, and humbly trustful as retards the future, that will neither be deterred by difficulty, by delay, nor even defeated by disappointment, ina ' smuch e o d as the cause to which they are devoted must needs be a good one, and the zeal thus tempered must certainly be accordingto knowledge. When the uncertain future is contemplated through the prayer of faith, the buoyancy, excessive perhaps, of hope is tempered, that might arise from a remembrance of former success ; and, as the tide of pious t hankfulne a ss c l's b rr e d out for that success , new ener g ies are enlisted, b ai . holy resolves are formed , the harbingers, under be unde g r t d bb o a k d w , e i o t l f i , renewed and incr eased trium p hs a g ai n. i was the great principle of missionary enterprise, as well as the great secret of missionary success. B elieving it to be sound and scriptural, he give it an bumble but most cordial support. The Church Missionary Society went forth in obedience to the command of the Lord Jesus, " Go ye unto all nations and make Christians of them," nor would it cease from its labour of love so long as that command was uncan celled ; and certainly they could not for a moment doubt of eventual success, so long as the accompanying promise was unrecalled, " Lo, I am with you always even to the end of the world." Without further trespassing on the time and in dulgence of the meeting, he begged leave to propose the re solution. Mr. JOH N HOWARD seconded the resolution, and in the course of his observations, he stated that some years ago, a gentleman, a friend of his from Yor k, named Graham, on hearing that' Liverpool only then contributed £BOO per annum to the Church Missionary Society, said he was as tonished at it, especially as the little town of York, with a population not exceeding 30,000, remitted £lOOO, whilst Liverpool, with 200,000 i nha bi tan t s , s ent only £ BOO . Mr. Graham threw out the hint, and it was not without its use, for the contribution eventually reached £2 OOO . This cir cumstance showed that Liverpool only wanted to be stirred up in order to do more ; and the, best argument to address to her on the subject was the word of God, express ed in the command of our Savio ur , " G o ye i n t o all the worl d, and preach the gospel to every creature, for there is joy in heaven over every sinner that repenteth." (Hear, hear.) The resolution was then unanimously carried. The Rev. A. It. C. DALLAS proposed the next resolu- tioti. The meeting had just heard read a resolution which expressed thankfulness and gratitude to God Almighty, for the success he had been pleased to vouchsafe to the la bours of the society during the past year. He trusted they felt thankfulness and gratitude when the resolution was put, that they perceived how much cause there was for gratitude, and how much their hearts ought to rise up and sing the praises of God. He was afraid, however, that he should be found to have risen, to alter the key in which this music was set,—rather to take their harps of praise, and hang them upon the willows. The resolution he had to move, as the meeting might have gathered, was therefore of a different character to the last. It was as follows :—" That feeling deep regret that at a time when God is so manifestly blessing the labours of the Church Missionary Society among the heathen, the Parent Committee should be com pelled by financial difficulties to adopt measures for contract ing the sphere of missionary labours abroad, this meeting would earnestly press on the friends of the society the ne cessity of renewed activity in behalf of an institution which has proved an instrument of blessing in many lands." This resolution spoke a painful truth. It referred to the financial difficulties, to the contracted sphere of theoperations of the Church Missionary Society, and it told the necessity for renewed exertions. To bring this appeal before them would require much of the power of the Spirit of God, to do it effectually. Oh, that his Holy Spirit might be with those who had to speak upon it, and enable them to put plainly, boldly, truly, and honestly before the meeting the real state of the case ! In the motion that was made, and in the report generally of the state of the society, there was too much of the habitual supposition that things would go right; too much of general statement without going into particulars ; too much of the kind of feeling of the difficulties of a commercial position when men were begining to feel they were going a little wrong ; and that they might possibly find something very differentiin the balance from what they ex pected. He feared this was too much the case with regard to the Church Missionary Society ; but it was precisely a state of things which required a close investigation. On this occasion it was nothing more nor less than a duty,—they must look the matter manfully in the face. He did not scruple to say that the society was in a very serious con dition. It had arrived at a crisis which the active members of the society had been endeavouring, should he say to stave off? That would be the expression they might apply to the case, but he would rather say, bear off, to ward off putting their faith in the Christian liberality of the public. But it had come at last. The society was in debt ; and the debt bad been a growing debt, inasmuch as the funds which had been laid by to meet the emergencies of the society had been gradually swallowed up one after another. A very earnest endeavour had been made from time to time to bear up against the falling off, and calls were made upon the whole of England upon this great subject. Those efforts had been responded to to a certain degree ; funds had been raised ; and although they had been raised during the year before last and last year, the society now found itself £13,000 in debt. (Hear.) Now this was a fearful condition; and in such a place as this, where strict honesty in all commercial pursuits was the very life of society, it was a bounden duty to shew how such a state of things came to exist. It must be taken into consideration, then, that there were continually fresh openings for missionary exertions ; and the society was con tinually falling back upon that large and inexhaustible fund of Christian love which they had hitherto been able to draw upon continually, and upon which, with the blessing of God, they would still continue to draw. It only remained to shew that there were peculiar circumstances of necessity for drawing much more largely upon the great fund of Chris tian love. The committee calculated upon the fond of Chris tian love in proportion as particular cases opened for sending forth the power and the blessing of the gospel. There had been such openings, and oh, how very abundantly! Who had not read of the great opening at Tinnevally ? Who had not read the religious history of New Zealand, of the Western Coast of Africa, of Sierra Leone? Let the meeting glance over them in their minds, and consider what, under such circumstances, would have been the duty of the committee ; would it have been their duty to go forth and enlighten.thesc people, or would it have been their duty to stop and enquire whether they ought to go on ? They had been drawn on, and they could not have done otherwise; they could not re sist the opportunities; and when they looked back to see whether they had the means to go on, they looked back not to the balance sheet, but to England, to the Church of England, to the glorious spirit of Christ shed abroad so largely in the length and breadth of the land. (Ap plause.) They knew this was the spirit which distinguished England ; they therefore went on and said, " the money will come, the means will be brought, we will trust in God ;" and they had gone on. (Hear, hear, hear.) It had pleased God, however, to give them a very serious check ; but if there were any person present, who, in the strictness of commercial honesty said, " they ought not to have done this, they ought to have seen that the means were supplied beforehand," let them just put this case :—Suppose there was a house here which stopped payment—a house of the highest honour and probity, and when enquiry was made it was found that their agents in America had withheld the supplies which they expected—would they blame the house ? They would at once say it was a lamentable case, but none would be found to say it was dishonourable. Letters of credit had been given but not answered, in the one case, in the other it was not written down, but it was founded on the impulse of the heart, and did not want writing. It was felt. When the public gave their money to support this cause, they gave a warrant for supposing it to come from Christian love ; and that was the letter of credit which the committee of the Church Missionary Society had used. (Hear.) If it came to this, that the Society had stopped not payment, but work, and the public said it was dishonourable, they must look to themselves. He said, " stopped not payment, but work." Did they not weep when they heard the report of the Church Missionary Society in London, to the effect that they must give up three missions and stop all the others from go ing on any further ? How lamentable was it that when youeg men, qualified for the work of missions, presented themselves at the institution in Islington, to be sent to on that labour, they found the door locked and barred ! And who made those bars and locks? Those who refused to grant the letters of credit. (Hear.) They had no means of admitting ano ther missionary ; and the answer to all at present was—" you must wait." Having enlarged on this state of things, the rev. gentleman made an earnest call upon the public to in crease their subscriptions and to present liberal donations to the society. _ _ _ The Hoii. and Rev. BAPTIST NOEL seconded the resolu tion in an able speech, in which after some prefatory observa tions, he said he should speak of the finanical part of the question at the meeting to-morrow (this day). At present he would simply say that he believed thecommittee had never for a moment shrunk from the full examination of the finan cial condition of the society, had never shrunk from the re sponsibility of meeting their engagements, neither had they failed to provide for the important emergencies before them. The present emergency had arisen from a matter, the investi gation of which would, he doubted not, fully justify them to every considerate mind. The rev. gentleman then took a rapid review of the state of the African missions of the society, and from which he showed the necessity of sup porting the society in all its extended operations. The resolution was then carried. On the motion of Mr. RIGBY, seconded by Mr. BOUT FLOWER, the thanks of the meeting were voted to Mr. Rec tor Campbell for his conduct in the chair. Mr. CAMPBELL having returned thanks, a Doxology was sung and the meeting separated. The adjourned meeting will be held this evening in the Amphitheatre. TELEGRAPH OFFICE, MAY 23 Wind at Holyhead, E.S.E. moderate in the morning ; South, a t noon, and S.W. light breeze in the evening. 1 0 ff Point Lynas, outward bound, at 5 p.m. No. 1468, Black Cat, schooner. Off the port, at 7 15 p.m. 2 ships, 2 barques, 3 brigs, and 3 schooners. LIVERPOOL INFIRMARY REPORT-MAY 21 DISCHARGED In-patients cured Relieved and at own request I I Made Out-patients . .* . 1 Irregular Dead . . , In-patients Out-patients . . I Casuals during the last week 2 2 I Remain inthehouse Consulting Surgeons, Mr. Forshaw and Mr. Dawson. Chaplain Rev. It. Davies. House Visiters, Jas. Bold and C. W. Reade, Esqrs. Apothecary, Mr. W. Burgess. House Surgeon ... Mr. Brandreth. E. W. JACKSON, Treasurer NORTHERN HOSPITAL, MAY 21. ADMITTED. DISCHARGED . _ _ Accidents Medical and Surgical cases Upon recommendation 11 Cured Attending as Out Patients 16 Irregular Died 27 Remaining in th e Hospital House Visiters, Daniel Neilson and Walter 0. Heyworth, Esqrs Treasurer, R. W. Bateson, Esq. Chaplain, Rev. E. Maginnis.—House Surgeon. Mr. Parker. The Toulonnais of the 17th instant states, that it was re ported in Algiers, that General Bedean had defeated the army of the Emperor of Morocco, with the loss of 300 killed and a great number of prisoners. Some further failures have taken place at Oporto, and let ters from that city charge a large proportion of these disas ters on the Oporto Bank, who, at a crisis of great embarrass ment, had contracted their credits in a very extraordinary degree. The illoniteur publishes a decision of Marshal Soult to in stitute a committee, charged with preparing a grammar and a dictionary of the Kabyle or Berbere language. The Duke de Montebello, Ambassador of France, in Naples, landed at Marseilles on the 15th, on his way to Paris. THE PRUSSIAN MIN ISTRY.—The Augsburg Gazelle of the 17th instant states, that M. de Rochow would continue to direct the Ministry of the Interior at Berlin until the Ist of July, when Count Arnim would succeed him. M. de Sa vigny is to preside at the Council of State, in place of Gene ral Muffling, who is about to resign. It is said that the King had offered the Senate of Hamburgh a million of crowns for three years, without interest. THE ALLEGED FATAL DUEL AT PALERMO.—A letter has been received from Mr. Johnson, of the 88th Regiment, dated at Malta, the 27th of April, at which period that gen tleman was in good health. He had not been absent from his regiment at all, and, of course, could not have been at Palermo ; the story of his having fallen in a duel there is, therefore, completely disproved, and there remains no doubt that it was the heartless invention of some mischievous per son. FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT. — An accident, attended with a fatal termination, occurred at the Glasgow terminus of the Glasgow, Ayrshire, and Greenock Railway, on Satur day last. One of the men employed in the coke-house, it appears, was coming out of that place when a waggon was being run into it, and, the entrance being narrow, he placed himself in a perpendicular position close to the wall, to avoid its coming in contact with his person; but, owing to an in clination of the waggon towards that side of the entrance, some part of it caught hold of him by the face and breast, and he was so severely lacerated that he survived only an hour after the occurrence of the accident. The deceased was a young man, named Fitzgerald. —Glasgow paper. MURDER.—On Thursday last, as a respectable farmer, named Foley, residing in the parish of Comragh, in this county, was returning home from the fair of Kilmacthomas, which was held on the 12th instant, he was attacked at half past 10 p.m. by a party of persons, one of whom struck him a violent blow of a stone on the head, which caused a dread ful fracture. The poor fellow lingered for a few hours, when death terminated his sufferings. Owing to the praise worthy exertions of that very efficient officer, head-coustable Johnson, together with the activity of his party, two persons have been made amenable to justice—namely, Martin Shee and Thomas Power who are now lodged in the Waterford gaol, for th e homicide, by virtue of the coroner's warrant. Sufficient_u praise cann o t be given to the police on the occa sion. N cause has been assigned for this outrage.— Water ford Ma il. SHRIMPS. —The office of shrimps seems to it be anala gous to s ome of the insects on land, whose task is to clear away the r ema i ns of dead animal matter after the birds and beasts of prey have been satiated. If a dead small bi r d or frog be pl ace d where ants can have access to it, those insects will speedily reduce the body to a closely-cleaned skeleton. The shrimp family, acting in hosts, as speedily remove all traces of fish or flesh f rom the bones of any d ead animal ex posed to their ravages. They are, in short, the principal scavengers of the o cean; and notwithstanding their office, they are deservedly and highly prized as nutritious and deli dous food. THE PIANOFORTE. Amongst the extraordinary improvements of the present age, we may notice, that in the manufacture of the piano forte the greatest strides have been taken. Our attention has been casually drawn to an article on this subject which appears in the supplement to the Penny Magazine for this present month. We therefore take from it the following ex tracts : " It has been said, in a recent article of the Westminster Review—` With a little allowable flattery of the truth, the bookcase, in an inventory of the goods belonging to any well ordered English house, might be designated as one of its necessary articles of furniture—not as one of its luxuries : the place of popularity among the latter being claimed by the pianoforte.' Whether we rank it as an article of furni ture or as a luxury, it is certain that the pianoforte has be come diffused in an extraordinary degree in this country. Those who can carry their recollection back over a period of thirty or forty year s , w ill remem b er t h e p i ano f orte as an in strument for the noble and the wealthy, sparingly seen in the houses of the middle claS§es : they will remember the graduarsteps by which it has reached the domestic firesides of the bulk of the class just alluded to; and they will be prepared to expect that such an extension in the use must hare brought along with it extensive plans of improvement, and equally extensive manufacturing arrangements : yet there are probably few, even of those who are familiar with the use of the pianoforte, who are aware of the complex me chanism of the modern instruments, or of the gigantic scale on which the manufacture is conducted." Speaking of Messrs. Broadwood & Sons, the writer says : —" This firm, which has existed in the metropolis for more than a century, is one of those by whom the pianoforte has been brought to its present state of perfection. Like most other products of ingenuity, this instrument is indebted to many minds for its advancement. One improvement we owe to a Broadwood, another to an Erard, others to Cle menti, Stodart, Tomkison, Collard, &c., and all have pro fited by the labours of each." To form some idea of the extent of the manufactory of these great makers, the following description of their premi ses will prove acceptable : " In the Horseferry-road are two double gates, opening into courts or quadrangles; and in Holywell-street, 300 feet southward of it, are two other gates, also opening immediately on the same quadrangles ; and the whole of the intermediate space, spreading to a wide extent east and west, is occupied by the factory. On entering one of the gatcs we find before us a long open court, occupied principally by piles and tiers and logs of wood, and bounded on either side by ranges of workshops extending three hundred feetin length. Advanc ing half-way along the court, we find, on either side, an archway, leading beneath the buildings to other courts or open quadrangles, one to the east and one to the west of that by which we enter : these quadrangles, like the first, are bounded on both sides by l ong an d uniform ranges of work shops. We arc then enabled to see the extent and form of the factory. It consists of four parallel ranges of buildings, every ranee lighted by windows on both sides, and having in general three tiers or stories of workshops in height. The four ranges separated by the three court-yards, and at the ends are four dwelling-houses inhabited by the superinten dents and foremen of the establishment. Each range is wide enough to have in most parts two workshops in width ; and as most of the ranges are three stories in height, there is an aggregate length of workshop truly enormous, in fact it con siderably exceeds half-a-mile—an extent to which there are probably very few parallel instances in the metropolis. " In these four ranges of buildings three or four hundred men are engaged in the four component parts of the piano fortes, from the first sawing of the rough timber, to the po lishing and regulating of the finished instruments. Besides these there are many others engaged in the smaller branches of the manufacture, who do not work on the premises. The wood of which the pianoforte is manufactured is a subject of no little interest to Liverpool, considering how great the import of mahogany is into this port. "It is ge nerally known that Honduras mahogany is not so highly valued for cabinet-work as Spanish mahogany ; it is there fore in the pianoforte manufacture used for some of the parts which are afterwards veneered with Spanish mahogany, rose wood, or some other kind of fancy wood, But in the pre sent case a tree of Honduras mahogany, imported about six teen years ago, has far exceeded what Spanish wood could exhibit. Spanish mahogany is decidedly the most beautiful ; but occasionally, though not very often, the Honduras wood is of singular brilliancy; and it is then eagerly sought for, to be employed in the most extensive cabinet work. Some time ago Messrs. Broadwood, who have been long distin guished as makers of pianofortes, gave the enormous sum of three thousand pounds for three logs of mahogany. These logs, the produce of one tree, were each about fifteen feet long and thirty-eight inches wide." It is stated that the strings of an improved grand piano forte require nearly one thousand iron pins or pegs, each one inserted in a hole made with great exactness to its dimen sions; but the following statement is still more surprising:— " We find that in one of Messrs. Broadwood's most im proved six-and-a-half octave pianofortes (for which, we believe, a patent has been taken out) the mechanism con nected with the action' consists of about three thousand eight hundred separate pieces of ivory, ebony, cedar, syca more lime-tree, mahogany, beef-wood, oak, pine, steel, iron, brass, lead, cloth, felt, leather, and vellum. Every one of these has to be fashioned with the most scrupulous exactness, and as scrupulously adjusted to its place. Many of the pieces are not more than a quarter of an inch square, some even less." Of the workmen in this large establishment, and the good feeling existing amongst them, we may take the following as an example : " The pianoforte manufacture is one in which nothing but highly-skilled and manual dexterity can make and adjust the numerous pieces of mechanism involved in it ; and those workmen who possess this skill are not likely to be supplan ted by any automatic machinery. Hence it happens that the same workmen are seen year after year, occupying their old benches, using their old tools, coming to work and leaving work at the old hours, and seeming as if the old shop be longed to them and they to the shop. We noticed, not only that many of the workmen in the factory are elderly men who have occupied their present situations twenty, thirty, or forty years, but that a kindly feeling prevailed among all, illustrative of mutual confidence between the employers and the employed. The patriarch of the establishment is a vene rable ci-devant foreman, not far from ninety years of age, who has seen out two or three generations of workmen, and whose connection with the establishment dates back through a period of nearly sixty years. That such a man is respected by the firm, and deemed almost part and parcel of it, need hardly be said." ORANGEISM, TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. " Make thyself the friend of all pious andpeaceable men, avoiding strife, and seeking benevolence, slow to take offence and offering none, thereby, so far as in thee lieth, turning the injustice of our adversaries into their own reproof and confusion. SlR.—The above quotation forms part of a very beautiful initiatory address, given upon the introduction of a new member into the Loyal Orange Institution. A writer in the Journal, of last Saturday, who has (although shortsighted) adopted the title of "Argun," charges the orangemen of Li verpool with a desire to create turmoil, because a neighbour has told him that the 12th of July will be kept up by a public procession. Now, sir, I observe in reply,—First, I believe that the Loyal Orange Benevolent Societies will walk on their an niversary in honour of one of England's kings; and I hope " Argus" will not consider it treason so to do. Secondly,—l do not believe that there is the slightest in tention of wounding either the feelings or prejudices of the Irish Roman Catholics, or to offer the smallest disrespect to the religion which they in their consciences believe to be true. Thirdly,—That no tumult can arise, unless by the most wanton and determined attempts on the part of the factious to create a noise ; for, I believe, it is not intended to approach any of the neighbourhoods in which the Irish Roman Catho lic's reside, and thus, if a collision should take place, it would be the seeking of our opponents. Fourthly,—The banners will be all truly loyal, and unlike some which are carried on St. Patrick's Day, which bear the figures of the Irish rebel Sarsfield, with the motto of " Sars field the brave," and of an Irish agitator, with the motto, " Repeal of the union." Fifthly,—The loyal orangemen are determined that there shall be no tumult; for they will leave their cause with the proper authorities, and will call upon the guardians of the peace to be ready to repress any violence which may be at tempted whilst they enjoy their privileges as British subjects, in acting peaceably, loyally, and determinedly, in honouring the memory of a British king and hero. It will be seen, should circumstances require, that the loyal orangeman is as patient under taunt and provocation as he is brave, when called upon by the magistrate or his Queen to put down re bellion. Lastly,—Let us hear no more of justice to Ireland, or re ligious liberty, from the lips or pens of pseudo liberals ; the sons of Erin walk in our town, enjoying their own principles and pleasures, and secure in the protection of our rulers, and justice to England demands that Englishmen should, on their own soil, enjoy, at least, equal advantages ; and it is most insulting to hint, for a moment, that any one claims a right to deprive us of our undoubted rights as Englishmen and lovers of our Queen and supporters of our constitution. I trust that our fellow-subjects, among the poor Irish Ro man Catholics, will exercise a sound discretion by minding their avocations, and not minding such writers as " Argus, and I can promise them that they will never know that a pro cession has taken place, much less imaniae that any insult was intended. Let it be borne in mind, that formerly Irish Roman Catholic loyalists, and even dignitaries of their church, walked in honour of the king who freed us from ty ranny and gave us the bill of rights ; and so they might again if bigots, who have more bile than charity, did not knowingly pervert the truth, and affirm the oft-exploded falsehood, that we have vows against men, or any animosity except against bad principles. We surely may be allowed to honour our own principles, without being charged with intended insult to others. If indiscreet and foolish men forget their obligations, and at times deserve reprehension, we are sorry, and deplore the circumstance, but such cases are the exception, and not the rule. What large body of men will not contain exceptions ? I will not notice the other confused and unfounded statements of " Argus," as my object is to comment only on that part which bears upon the procession ; I do not think that orange ism can suffer much from the pen of " Argus," when it has stood the test of two parliamentary inquiries, and came out of the inquiry refined and more resplendent by passing through this ordeal.—With the best of good will to " Argus" and all mankind, I am, sir, yours, &c., AN ORANGEMAN & PURPLE MARKSMAN. Liverpool, 23d May, 1842. A great fire is announced to have befallen the Austrian town of Steijer, not far from Lintz, where 400 houses were consumed and three-fourths of th e i n h a bi tants, w h o were celebrated for their iron manufactures, were left without shelter. A LocomonvE IN DISTRESS.--A somewhat ludicrous circumstance occurred on Sunday to a party who had ma de a trip with an engine and tender , on the Manchester and Bir mingham Railway, from Stockport as f ar as Crewe They started early in the morning taking din ner at Crew' e • and having enjoyed the creature comforts of fhe world, they pre pared to return in the evening . They came at a C convenient speed to Sandbach ; but at Holmes Chapel, Billy became somewhat uneasy ; at Chelford he began to lag ; at Alderley he grunted ; and near Wilmslow he groaned and made a dead halt ! Not a peg would h e stir—s t u p id as a mule. The p ar ty, in their extremity held a " ;" an investigation into Billy's grievances and complaints was duly entered into ' • and lo ! and behold ! it was discovered that all the water was consumed, and that the vital principle of locomoti ve " ra il " was extinct. To get up steam without water was a problem too diffieult for even a modern reformer to solve—and they consider themselves no bird's meat. Here then was a regular " fix," as Jonathan would affirm. They could get no wa t er in that particular vicinity ; a nd being far from help of this essential supply, they might as well have up to the neck in the deserts of Arabia. Well, what must be done—they could not release themselves ; and, therefore, like a stranded ship, they awaited the possible arri val of another engine. s uc h was their wise resolve ; and towards midnight an engine and tender were dispatched hence in the utmost alarm in quest of the distressed Crewe-sers, whistling all the way at the top of the steam, lest the engine might run foul, at he same time expecting the usual response from the object of their anxiety and solicitude; but it was as vain to expect a whistle with out steam as to produce steam without water. They were, however, luckily relieved from their dilemma . somewhere near Wilmslow without any accident ; having been at tached to the other engine, were towed harbour at the St oc kport station, the vessel being right, and the creive in high spirits at their safe return. —Stockport Advertiser. ELEVENTH LECTURE ON THE CREED OF POPE PRIS: The eleventh in the series of lectures on the several arti cles in the creed of Pope Pius the Fourth, was delivered by the Rev. Mortimer O'Sullivan, D.D., on the evening of Friday last, in the Music-hall, Bold-street. There was a most respectable auditory present. On the motion of Mr. HOWARD, seconded by Mr. SHEP HERD, the chair was taken by Mr. MIDDLETON ; after which, the Rev. F. PARRY supplicated a blessing upon the proceedings. The Re - v. Dr. O'SULLIVAN, who was received with great cheering, commenced by reading the clause upon which he was about to lecture, namely : " I likewise undoubtedly receive and profess all other things delivered, defined, and declared by the sacred canons and general countils, and particularly by the holy council of .went; and I condemn, reject, and anathematise all things contrary thereto, and all heresies which the church has con demned, rejected, and anathematised." From the various objections which might be urged against this clause, he should content himself with selecting four. The first was, that the promise was too vague and extensive, and that it imposed obligations to an extent of which he who made it must be altogether unconscious ; the second objec tion was, that it enforces contradictory obligations, contain ing a promise to receive, as truth, propositions of which the acceptance of one would necessarily imply the rejection of the other ; in the third place, it contained a promise to re ceive as holy and true, and as essential to Christian faith, doctrines and principles which he who swears to the Church of Rome to receive them, has, in many instances, sworn to the state in which he is a subject to reject as anti-Christian and abominable ; and the fourth objection was, that the article is in itself a direct violation of the principles which it enjoins to receive, pronounces an anathema upon all whom every council has anathematised, and, in the very act of so expressing its adherence to councils, committing the offence upon which an anathema has been, by anticipation, de nounced. He should proceed to consider these objections, and the validity of the replies which Romanists made to them. The Ist objection arose from the extent of the obligation— " I promise that I will receive, without any doubt, all things defined, delivered, and declared in the sacred canons and general councils." Now this was a very extensive under taking, an undertaking of which the comprehensiveness could be understood only by those who understood what was the extent of that mass of doctrine, discipline, and wor ship, which they have pledged themselves thus without mo dification to receive and revere. To what extent did the works containing the sacred canons extend ? He thought he might very confidently assert that there were not within the Church of Rome in this country ten men who had made themselves acquainted with it ' • and he remembered distinctly that Dr. Doyle, a Roman Catholic bishop, without the least hesitation, affirmed to committees of the parliament, that there were but few canonists in this country. The code of canon law (many of which he enumerated) comprehended a vast body of divinity, if divinity it could be called, which in some editions extended to a hundred folio volumes. It was perfectly enormous; and it must 'be remembered that he who promised to receive them, did not merely pledge his pro mise as a professional person in this country would pledge himself to respect our laws. He would pledge himself to respect the laws because they were the laws, not binding himself to an asseveration that those laws were necessary and important to the church, but simply binding himself to receive as law whatever is enacted under that denomination. But here there was a promise —a promise implying that not only were these documents received without any qualification, but they are received as essential to salvation. The rev. gentleman proceeded to point out the manifold distinctions which are made in the councils by the Italian and French schools of Romanism, some being accepted by one and reject ed by the other,-by which the infallible religion was involved in the most palpable contradictions. This difficulty, however, was got over by the Pope of liome propounding his claim to be received as the interpreter of the councils. In the next place, Dr. O'Sullivan enlarged upon the third objection to this article, namely, because it contained a promise to re ceive, without any doubt, and as of necessity to salvation, principles which many of those who swore to Romanism to reeeive them swore to the state to reject, and to " reject, detest, and abominate as anti-Christian." In the same style of commanding eloquence he urged the fourth objection,' namely, that in this clause the men who make this promise provoke upon themselves the anathema which they express themselves willing to fulminate against others. We regret that our space is too limited to report the arguments of Dr. O'Sullivan at a length proportionate to their force and truth. Having gone through these objections he noticed the an swers given to them by Romanists, and concluded nearly as follows : I have now gone through the arguments, briefly, by which Romanists would reply to such objections as I have urged; but there is one consideration without which I should leave my subject imperfect—l mean more imperfect than I am willing, upon this occasion, to leave it. If you were to con sider the promise respecting canons and councils which I have repeated, in itself alone, you would not understand its efficacy and its influence. You must compare it with the promise which is made respecting Scripture and the promise which is made respecting tradition, in order to understand the full amount of injury contained in this engagement which Romanists take to receive without a doubt what has been de livered in sacred canons and general councils. What engage ment does Romanism require of her victims respecting tradi tion? It is that they will embrace steadfastly what is called " apostolical and ecclesiastical traditions." What promises respecting God's Holy Scripture ? "I admit also the sacred Scriptures in that sense in which the church delivers it, shows itself the judge of Scripture, and I will never take or interpret it unless according to the unanimous consent of the fathers." The man takes to his heart traditions—"l embrace s t ea df ast l y apostolic and ecclesiastic traditions ;" but what of Scripture? " I admit it." (Hear, hear, hear.) I admit it ! But how admit it? (Hear.) Is it admitted in its own inherent ex cellence, admitted for its own prevailing claims upon all men's accptance ? No ; but because that in so far as the church condescends' to interpret it, thy receive it from that interpre ter, and,that, is their admission of Scripture ! (Hear.) And what is the further engagement ? " I will not take and in terpret it unless I can do so according to the unanimous con sent of the fathers," that is to say, " I embrace steadfastly ecclesiastical tradition; I reject without qualification all Scripture to which the unanimous voice of the fathers has not borne a new and a human testimony ; and while I thus put aside Scripture with a species of contemptuous toleration, I propose to receive without any doubt, whatever has been delivered, declared, and defined, in sacred canons and general councils." (Cheers.) Now, if a Roman Catholic would permit any of you, my dear friends, to ask him a question, will you ask him whether he would, in his conscience and his heart, object to see these two clauSes change places—to see the Scriptures spoken of in the language in which councils and tradition is honoured, and to see the authority alone which Romanists ascribe to the Scriptures given to their canons and councils? In other words, to say this—" I receive, without any doubt, all things declared in God's Holy Scrip tures, and I will consent to receive tradition or canons or councils provided they contain nothing which is not in perfect conformity with God's Holy Scriptures." (Loud cheers.) This would be Catholic doctrine : the doctrine of Pius IV. is Romish doctrine. (Renewed cheers.) And brethren, I spoke of putting the q u es ti on to Romanists : does not such an examination as that, through which we have been steering, teach us that we should be very gentle in our judgment, and very earnest in our prayer, for the conversion of a people la bouring under such difficulties as they ? Can any reasonable man feel surprised that a Roman Catholic priest, whose con science and judgment have been warped into an acquiescence in the dogmas of his church, shall offer stedfast opposition to the Bible ? Remember what it is he has promised to receive, what it is he is compelled to promise be will reject. Oh, if a man has once been brought so low in heart and mind, as to think that, although God is the author of all Scripture, Scripture contains snares by which God can bring man to destruction,—that although God is the author of all Scrip ture, there are parts of Scripture which it would bring the curse of everlasting ruin for a man to contemplate. If a man's mind and heart are brought into such a state as that, while they believe God to have raised up a true church, and to have com missioned a faithful ministry, and to have given a holy word, who could, at the same time, believe that this church and this ministry, may exclude God's word, or interdict it to the people, and set up as a sufficient standard, as a necessary substitute, a word which they have framed themselves ? if men'smindsand hearts have been brought to an acquiescence to dogmas such as these, then, how can we be surprised to find that their acts are consistent with these mournful pro positions, or how can we feel anything but a sort of mingled wonder and veneration and thankfulness, to feel and to know that the Scriptures, thus interdicted, have yet been preserved, that they are with us still, that the creed against which Romanism has so despitefully raged, still remains and re tains its authority among us? (Cheers.) There are men whose delight it is, in their indifference to the truth, and in their professed love of peace, to discourage all exertions to make the truth known. (Hear.) They say that the word from above is peaceable ; they should remember that the first attribute of it is, that it is pure. (Hear.) There are men who tell you that efforts to disseminate truth have little result ; but are productive of ill feeling and contention, and dis honourable and unchristian discord. Far be it from any of us to say that even the truth itself may not sometimes be advocated in a spirit which generates strife ; but if the truth sets free from acrimonious passions those who teach it, the heart that is struck out in the controversy in its promulga tion, the objections to it and those who maintain the vindi cation of it, will not be productive of evil. (Hear.) They tell us that there is evil ; let it be for those who delight to shew what is evil in God's dealing, and obnoxious to God's love, labour in the vocation to which they assign themselves. Let them desport themselveslin discanting upon the strifes and schisms which have disfigured and rent the church of Christ; let them delight themselves, if they please, in saying that when persecution wearied of its rage against God's church, left the church to repose, there were internal convulsions which would not permit it to enjoy it—that strifes and envyings, jealousies, schism, and heresies rose against it, and inflicted evil upon it from within more than from without. Let them say so, but let them not deprive us of the privilege of meeting, and from exulting with joy in feeling that although Pius may have taken their churchfromGod's church,truth wass never taken from it. (Cheers.) Let us rejoice, that although it did not enjoy its repose, it was compelled and coerced to retain the truth. " When they persecute you in one city, flee ve into another,'.'was a precept whi c h th e apost l es illustrated in their lives and conduct ; and it is precisely the same precept which has been illustrated in the history of the church. In one place there may have been persecutions, corruptions, and tyranny so fierce and fell that they silenced the voice of those who could speak the truth ; but in another place,—it wa y be a t t he th u e ni snahmabeitemd o mp parts, moment,—the church in the wilderness, in speaking the saving truth . (Cheers.) The corrupt principle of the church might be introduced in th e pl ace w hi c h God's church occupied ; it might sit in th e seat of Peter ; it might parade its corruptions in the assemblies of crowded resort ; it might have asserted e decrees of power and autho rityto conquer truth. It could subdue not given to it ; but, at th same time, it never had the power either to kill or the truth ; it could reduce it into abje c t p l aces, into an ob scure state, but it could not retain its seat of power without having the truth besides it. It was with it, sir, sometimes as the slave sat with the Roman general in his car of triumph, reminding him that h is triumph was transitory. Like the two witnesses in the Revelations, I am not i nterpreting, I am only reverentially borrowing an image ; like the two wit nesses of the Revelations, there were Witnesses throughout the whole fold of the Christian_ church ; th ese were the wit nesses of God's truth whicht he sent d own from heaven; these were witnesses by which earth lent it s ac k nowledgment to God's word, the creed, the creed, th a t venerable tradition, the ancient creed. These witnesses testified, it may fairly be said, against the delinvencies and the delinquency of the schism in it, whole visible church. There was heresy i n i t , contests in it, strife in it; but he bible and the creed were in it too. (Loud cheers.) The bible then—it might be si lent and sealed, but the bible was by none adulterated. The creed was certainly a creed which uttered its voice a tn id many corruptions of a false re li g ion ; but the voic e w hi c h i t uttered was true: (Hear.) althoughthere were idol s i n the tem. pies wherein it was spoken, although there were corruptions in the services in which it was read, although there were falsehoods in the hearts often of those who spoke it, there me hearts a love o f t rut h , a n's was truth i n the utterance of the cr eed. (Cheers.) It was a creed whi c h i n spired in knowledge of saving truth , and fire ? . n triumph ; which sus t a i ned many a heart throughout the martyr's and after many a century of struggling, under circumstances of ignominy and shame, c an we feel other than a most deep an d thank ful sense to God, that be has, already it may b e sa i d given this creed the victory ? Where is the spot? but do not esppo se I s peak of the cree d . _because it i s th e composition of man —no, but because it is a bright enumeration of that great truth which is the central truth of God's blessed word —this has the victory_- is there a spot, I ask, now upon the civilised earth, in which the British tongue is not heard ? and is there not more than an ordinary consolation in feel ing that in every spot where England has set her foot, it is there the pure and good water of life will gush forth, and it is her desire to be foremost in erecting pillars of testimony ! And not alone where the British tongue is spoken, and pure religion established, as in these realms, is it acknowledged; but even where papal despotism is heaviest, and where spi ritual destitution is dreariest. Under all disadvantages, the witnesses, the ancient venerable tradition, the creed, and the book of God's word, are still known, remembered, and dreaded. Popery has waged a long war with them, but she has been condemned to feel that she could not sustain it. She has endeavoured to entomb them in a living grave; she has endeavoured to put aside the Bible, and put in its place a body of the subtle and unchristian glosses and commenta ries of unsanctified men (hear); she has endeavoured to cast upon the creed, the ancient witness, that mighty mass, that huge and fluctuating mass of canons and councils; but al though she has erected a grave, or a tomb, as it were, upon them (the Bible and the creed)--memorials and mementoes of her own canons and councils, this creed, this formulary of Pius the Fourth--even beneath this haughty structure, there is mysterious life, and sometimes it is felt to move. Yes; beneath, entombed and under the mass, the hideous mass, superimposed upon them, the witnesses of God's truth live still, and sometimes they are felt to live ; and whenever they move the mysterious mass around, all Romanism trem bles—trembles lest the buried witnesses shall come forth, and, as they ascend from the tomb, the light go up with them which her enchantments can no longer bind—a light which shall shew forth the workings of iniquity in their darkest recesses—a light which shall spread its sound, spi ritual, well-sustained effulgence round, until the temple in which Romanism reigns shall shrink into its natural dimen sions, and expose to light the foul charnel-house,—until the idols in which multitudes had trusted shall fall prostrate before the cross,—and until those attractions which had brought into Romanism hearts unsustained by the faith, shall be reft of the illusions that gave them power, and shall be revealed by the light, as they are pronounced in the words of Scripture, " dead men's bones, and all manner of un cleanness." (Loud cheers, during which the eloquent and rev. gentleman resumed his seat.) On the motion of the Rev. F. PARRY, seconded by the Rev. W. FALLOON, the thanks of the meeting were vo t e d to Dr. O'Sullivan for his magnificent lecture. A doxology was then sung, and the meeting separated. The closing lecture on the Creed of Pius IV., by the Rev. Hugh Wlsleile, was announced for Friday evening, June 10 MR. NOTTINGHAM'S SECOND LECTURE ON MESMERISM On Friday evening, Mr. Nottingham, surgeon, of this town, who, it will be remembered, during the stay of M. Lafontaine in Liverpool, devoted considerable time to the task of investigating and watching his experiments, delivered his second lecture upon the subject of animal magnetism, at the Literary Institution, St. Anne-street, before a highly respect able although not very numerous auditory. Having briefly introduced the subject, The LECTURER proceeded to insist on the necessity of studying the phenomena of magnetic somnambulism, or cata leysy, in connection with diseases, such as hysteria, epilepsy, and catalepsy, occurring spontaneously,—the analogy being shown to be more remarkable than we should at first have anticipated. The greater number of the more surprising features of the magnetised state were said to remember closely the symptoms of the diseases we have just named, affording fancied illustra trations of the power of art, in producing conditions of the economy, closely allied to such as occur spontaneously, or are the result of such accidents and causes as account for the or dinary appearances of disease; for not only the magnetic sleep but also the complaints alluded to, and compared with it, were shown to be frequently produced by mental emotion ; the unnatural workings of a disturbed imagination being em ployed as the key which often seemed to unlock the great difficulties of the subject, and to remove the veil from the sanctum sanctorum of its wonders. The lecturer noticed some curious facts observed by Messrs. Ferrus and Rostan, and reported by the latter, whose veracity could not be doubted respecting the condition of clairvoyance, which appear at first sight to present insurmountable obstacles to the progress of physiological inquiry. On one occasion a gentleman took three young girls to the house of Mr. Rostan ; they were in a state of somnambulism at the time, and knew nothing of the residence of M. Rostan before, not having been informed respecting the place to which they were about to be taken. When in M. Rostan's room the question was put—Do you know where you are? They all answered—What a question ! we are at M. Rostan's; and next described the darkened chamber in which they were at the time. in this instance, if there were any fallacy, its source was not detected. The following notice of an occurrence, in some points of view analagous, deserves perhaps to be placed side by side with it. In the year 1838 a member of the Institute of France offered a prize of 3000 francs to any one who should produce a case of somnambulism, in which the patient might be able to see, to describe objects, and to read without the use of the eyes. - _ _ A M. Pigeaire, or Pignaine, of Montpelier, accepted the challenge in favour of his daughter, 13 years of age, and tra velled to Paris for the purpose of the exhibition. A number of scientific lien were appointed to superintend the performance ; the young lady's eyes were tightly ban daged, and a book placed before her, on the page of which she read with correctness and apparent facility, following the lines, however, with the point of the index finger of the right hand. _ _ To do away with any suspicion of the reading being done by the employment of the sense of touch, a pane of glass was put over the page of the book, and the girl read as before. To make the experiment more conclusive by adding to the difficulties, a sheet of paper was now laid over the glass, which, to the surprise of the by-standers, immediately put a stop to the reading. At the next experiment a gentleman present proposed to M. Pignaire that he should be allowed to bandage the eyes with a handkerchief which he had brought for the purpose ; but the proposal was not acceded to. The bandage employed by Mademoiselle Pignaire was now carefully examined by a member of the commission of inquiry,"and it was found to contain innumerable small and not easily perceptible aper tures made with a needle, or some such instrument ; and the gentleman who examined it having tied it before his own eyes, found that through it he could distinguish the different kinds of playing cards which were thrown on the table before him. Here, then, the nature of the deception was tolerably obvi ous, and despite the great number of cases of somnambulism with all the wonderful performances which had been previ ously i observed i n connec ti on w ith it—F rance cou ld not sup ply, n the year 1838, a single case of seeing without eyes, although tempted by the glittering and attractive bait of 3000 francs. M. Rostan h a s r eported some ver y i n t eres ti ng cases of clairvoyance," where magnetised patients described some of the internal parts of their own body : one in particular, where the position, size, and form of the heart were the sub ject of description ; the patient also telling the number of blood -vessels connected with the central organ of the circu lation—naming the colour of the fluid which they contained, and the rate of circulation— as qu i c k er or slower—in different neighbouring tubes. While M. Calmeil, a recent writer on this subject, and long on the alert for such phenomena, has never seen any case where anatomical descriptions given by such people were couched in better language, or distinguished by greater accuracy, than would have accompanied an attempt in their normal condition and waking hours. In all the instances observed by M. Calmeil where the heart, liver, or any other internal organ was described by a magnetic somnambulist, the approach to correctness was in variably such as could be at once associated with that degree of anatomical knowledge (frequently not amounting to an acquaintance with the commones t ou tli ne o f thi ngs ) which the patient, as well as others in the same social position, might be easily supposed to possess. When the magnetized described remedies, or suggested their employment, a like degree of intelligence and a correspond ing accuracy prevailed; if an ignorant person were converted into a sleeping seer, the ptisans, teas, and syrups came recom mended by the oracle—not in any new or classic dress, but with such names as they bear amongst the most experienced female practitioners; or on the pages of the village Pharma cophwa ; in short, the new, or the fancied new, intelligence on such occasions never went beyond the accuracy or the science of those written medical documents which are pre served by the midwives of every hamlet, and now and then, by accident, rescued from obli'vion by some one raising the broken lid of a disused teapot in the chimney corner, or turning upside down the precious things which an antiquated cupboard contains. M. Rostan details one case where his patient told him— and this at several different times without any mistake — whether he (the doctor) had his stomach full or empty. M. R. does not inform us respecting the possibility of the som nambulist knowing hi s di nn er hour ; or attending to the state of his circulation, or the temperature of his hand while he was engaged (as might happen) in feeling the pulse. No doubt he would guard against any possible source of fallacy of this kind, and would not allow the fair sybil to discover his condition of plenitude by his breathing the vapours of wine. Truth, indeed, is strange !—stranger than fiction ! Even if we were to believe in the existence of the magnetic fluid, which Mesmer said he demonstrated,—to suppose it capable of the movements he described, and fancy it yielding to the influence of his will, we should not have in all this a phe nomenon half as surprising as many of those which, from their every day occurrence, and from the manner in which they constantly minister to our enjoyments, are lost sight of because always present, and not appreciated until we are deprived of them. For who will compare the flight of Mesmer's fluid with that of the invisible source of visibility —with the light which outstrips the lightning? or allow its asserted wonders in any way to equal the returning emana tions of the sun ? Yet all this has been done! There would not be anything wonderful in all the practices of Mesmer, supposing every fact to be real, every influence he assumed to be really possessed, if compared with the power of the human eye, or the endowments of its central aperture known to every one. For that, on one hand, we should take in the aspect of the distant celestial orbs, measure their mighty mass, or estimate their periodic revolutions—while, on the other, with the aid of the microscope, we aspire to cal culate the myriad of animalcules which a single drop of water contains—and that not only all this, but even the wide pic ture of nature, and the faithful representation of all created things, should, in travelling to the mind, have to find their way through an organic aperture, the pupil of the eye, (at mid-day scarcely larger than the head of a pin,) and that, be yond this, they should drop on a living canvas, of barely an inch in diameter, which receives with equal ease, and trans mits with equal truth, the fascinating tints of a Titian, or the startling gloom of a Remb ran d t —i s certa i n l y t o be looked upon with more surprise, as a well-known work of God, than are any of those productions of the hypertrophy of fancy which are now-a-days so common amongst men. The lecturer concluded by remarking, that any investiga tion which, directly or indi rect l y, m i g h t ten d t o th row li g h t on the hitherto half studied functions of the nervous system, ought to be regarded as valuable and praiseworthy, and that no inquiry or experiment connected with this subject, how ever fallacious it might at first sight appear, should he con demned as unfair, or slighted as contemptible, until it could be associated with that dishonest intention which, in some instances, has been mistaken for philosophical zeal. Indeed, it deserves to be remembered, that the bold empiricism of Panacelsus, and the reveries of Van Helmont and the alchy mists, did their share in paving the way to that developement of modern chemistry, which has adorned the civilized world with its productions, and astonished man with his own power. At the conclusion of the lecture, which was received throughout with the marletd applause of the audience, a vote of thanks to Mr. Nottingham for his kind explanations of this mysterious subject, was passed by acclamation. A young man, respectably attired, shot his brains out on Saturday morning, on Croydon Common. On the blank leaf of a book found in his pocket was written, " Because of not knowing how to make better use of my brain, I have come here to shatter it." RIGHT OF PROPERTY IN WI ND .—W ater - mills Were a t one time, particularly on the continent, included among the re galia or rights of the crown; and, on the introduction of wind mills. this assumed right was extended over air as well as water. A whimsical instance of the attempted exercise of this privilege is on record. It seems that the Augustine monks belonging to the monastery at Weindsheim,i n the province neighbourhood;f Overssel, were dezirous of erecting a wind-mill in the g but the lord of the soil opposed their project, on the e xtraordinary presumption that the wind in that dist r i©t belonged to him. I.Tpon this the monks applied to the Bishop of Utrecht, who decided , . in .a towering passion, that no one had power over the wind in his diocese but him self; and thereupon he immediately granted l e tt ers - pa t en t to the good monks. — Guide to T ruth. Vottrp. THE SINGLE MAN, BY MRS. ADDY. He meets the smile of young and old, he wins the praise of all He is feasted at the banquet, and distinguished at the ball; When town grows dull and sultry, he may fly to green retreats, A welcome visitor in turn at twenty country seats ; He need not seek society, for do whate'er he can, Invitations and attentions will pursue the Single Man. Fathers and brothers anxious„ ..,pt his taste to suit; O'er manors without number 'tis his privilege to shoot ; Political opponents to his principles concede ; He quaffs the finest Burgundy, he rides the fleetest steed ; And never yet were families, since first the world began, United, blest, and fond as those who court the Single Man The price of bread, the price of funds on him inflict no ills, He fears no winter avalanche of tradesmen's lengthy bills ; " Academies" and " Colleges" he passes calmly by ; Nor casts on " ruination shops" a sad and timid eye; The rates of " Life Insurances" he never cares to scan, " Trustees" and " jointures" boast no powers to rack the Single Man. But years steal on, and he begins with careful folks to class, And shuns the pic-nic scramble, and the dinner on the grass, And dreads the cold spare chamber, and the crowded hall of mirth, And loves the spreading easy-chair, and blazing quiet hearth ; And votes warm rooms, and early hours, the best and wisest plan ; And home affords few comforts to the ailing Single Man. He lacks a true and kindred heart his joy and grief to share, He lacks the winning tenderness of woman's gentle care ; No children gather round him, a beloved and loving train, Eager to win a father's smile, and sooth their father's pain ; He rates his poor dependants as a mercenary clan. Attachments come not ready made to cheer the Single Man. He stirs the fire, undraws the blind, and counts the clock's dull chime, Acquaintance sometimes sit with him five minutes at a time, Longer they cannot really stay, so nervous he is grown, It seems a charity to go, and leave him quite alone ! No earnest eyes to his are raised, his changeful looks to scan, The bland physician's queries must suffice the Single Man. Ye " eligibles " ponder, to my warning lay attend, Flirtations. waltzes, and duets, one day must have an end ; 0 ! wait not then till prosiness and peevishness shall come, Choose in the summer time of life a bride to bless your home ; Let chaperons for others weave the sly and subtle plan, And only look with pity on the flattered Single Man LITERARY NOTICE, The Case and Claims of the holders of Spanish Treasury Bonds. By Joseph Tasker, Esq. London : James Ridg- way, Piccadilly. The pamphlet before us contains the case of the duped holders of these Spanish Securities (!) plainly stated in letters addressed to the Minister of Finance, Senor Surra y Rull, the Earl of Aberdeen, the Spanish Ambassador, Gene ral Sancho, &c. ; and presents to public reprobation an in stance of the most barefaced political swindling which ever disgraced the annals of any nation. In the olden time " Punic faith" was but another term for treachery; and it would really seem that, along with the Moorish blood which runs in the veins of a great portion of the Spanish people, the present- race, or their government at least, have inherited the treacherous and unprincipled nature of their Punic an cestry. In financial matters, at all events, the most un stable kind of security must, in all time to come, be ac counted to be that which is dependent upon—Spanish Faith ! We have little sympathy, we must confess with the Stock Exchange gamblers whose " greed"—how expressive is the word used by our Scottish fellow-countrymen, who, by the way are well acquainted with the feeling itself, and, of course, able to describe it !—has led to many simple, and we doubt not, honest individuals, to invest their hard earned savings in the rascally and irredeemable rags called Spanish Bonds. We abhor all these tricky and unprincipled speculations ; and most assuredly do not pity the thimbleriggers when they chance themselves to make such a bargain as appears to be this Spanish one in question. For all this, however, that government and that nation is worthy only of execration which violates, as Spain has done, its most solemn engage ments ; and the punishment which we would advise for such national rascality would be the outlawry of the nation itself from all financial or trading intercourse with civilised and honest states. Let Spain shew a disposition, even, to pay her engagements, and we would readily pardon her present inability ; but if foreign governments are permitted, as Spain has been, to proclaim their insolvency, in almost the same breath which came whining to our shores for money, and no such punishment is inflicted, we must, as our last resource, shut the purse of the English capitalist to every similar ap peal from whatever foreign quarter. We are told, by-the-bye, that the United States govern ment is coming to us for a loan of a million or so. Would it not be well that that government should first guarantee the payment of its various State loans, which have just now a rather Spanish appearance? WHITE SLAVERY IN ENGLAND (From the Halifax Guardian.) How would the following anecdode, from the report of the Children's Employment Commission, have roused the sym pathies of a crowded auditory, if it had been told on an Anti- Slavery platform ? " One of the most disgusting sights I [.T. C. Symons, Esq.] have ever seen, was that of young females, dressed like boys in trowsers, crawling on all fours, with belts round their waists, and chains passing between their legs, at day pits. * * * In one, near New Mills, the chain passing high up between the legs of two of these girls, had worn large holes in their trowsers; and any sight more disgustingly indecent or revolting can scarcely be imagined than these girls at work—no brothel can beat it." And how would the white handkerchiefs of our fair coun trywomen have been bedewed, had the following narration been given as the words of a married negress I have a belt round my waist, and a chain passing between my legs ; and Igoon my hands and feet. The pit is very wet where I work, the water comes over our clog tops always, and I have seen it up to my thighs. My clothes are wet through almost all day long. The belt and chain is worse when we are in the family way." Or this :—" I have worked in a pit since I was six years old. I have had four children; two of them were born while I worked in the pits. I had a child born in the pits, and I brought it up the pit shaft in my skirt." Or this :—" I have wrought in the bowels of the earth 33 years. Have had nine children ; had two dead born ; thinks they were so from the oppressive work ; a vast of women have dead children and false births. I have always been obliged to work below till forced to go home to bear the bairn, and so have all the other women. And yet true charity will be as active for these poor Eng lish and Scotch women as it was for the African population of our West Indian colonies. What! have we paid twenty millions for the abolition of West Indian slavery, and shall we hesitate for a moment to put a legislative stop to this worse than West Indian slavery, this harder than Egyptian bondage ? Is the philanthropy of England so perverted, that like the love of Desdemona it moves only towards a black visage? Or has our English charity such a telescopic eye that it can only see and magnify distant objetts? Surely not. The " Report" shows (as we may next week prove) that these barbarities are not required or necessary (the tyrant's plea) for the purpose of coal getting. The em ployment of girls has been forbidden by the Low Moor and other great companies ; and the use of infant labour can also be similarly dispensed with. Surely, then, the " philanthro pists" (egotistically so-called) will join us in this work of mercy—this labour of love. The ten hour bill then must also join us; for there is not a single argument against infant factory labour, that comes not with accumulated force on the employment of children in coal mines. Was factory labour commenced at too early an age ?—in fants are sent to coal pits at five, four, and even three. Was factory labour prolonged to a wearisome length ?—the hours of labour in coal pits are 11, 12, and 13, in Yorkshire and Cumberland ; in Derbyshire, Durham, and Northumber land, from that to 16 hours ; and in the east of Scotland, from 15 to 18—" from two in the morning till six at night." Was it the practice in factories to have night work in addi tion?—in some mines in Northumberland and North Dur ham " boys and young men work in the pits what is termed double and treble shifts, i. e., for twenty-four or thirty six consecutive hours ; and some instances are stated of their having worked quadruple shifts, that is, for 48 con secutive hours ;" and John Dixon, 14 years old, says in his evidence, " Last fortnight I was down the pit three days and three nights without coming up at all." Is it the tendency of infant factory labour to cripple the "human form divine," and to bring on premature old age ?—we have undeniable evidence that infant colliery labour produces "a crippled gait, often connected with positive deformity"—that in York shire, Warwickshire, Leicestershire, Shropshire, and Staf fordshire, " there are no old colliers"—that in South Dur ham " they are generally short lived"—that in Scotland " most of the men drop off before they get the length of 40 years"—that in Derbyshire one race of them is old at 28 or 30—and that in East Lothian "the men die off like rotten sheep." Was it proVed that the air of factories was perni cious ?—and is it not equally certain that the atmosphere of coal mines is more so, and therefore less fit for a child to whom pure air is more necessary than food itself ? Is factory labour liable to many accidents ?—and are not coal mines equally full of danger, though equally open to be made innocuous if the legislature decree that they shall be so made ? NATIONAL EDUCATION. (From the Ulster Films.) The subject of national education has long been a matter of contention in Ireland. It has given rise to a controversy, in one sense, not yet settled, though all men, who prefer principle to expediency—who are willing to forego mere temporal advantages for the sake of adherence to Scriptural instruction and Christian truth—regard it as set at rest for ever. Men may flatter themselves into a pleasing belief that it cannot be far wrong to give up some of their own con scientious scruples, if they can thereby secure what they may regard as substantial benefits. But it is dangerous, indeed, to adopt such a grievously erroneous idea—an idea that, if once carried out to its legitimate consequence, might lead to the rejection of the most important doctrines of Christianity itself. Besides, we ought to be fully aware of the danger of countenancing a system which abounds with acknowledged evils, such as the present loard of Education for Ireland, — not to speak of the criminal and and ominous silence as to witnessing against those evils, necessarily, it should seem, imposed on all who have consented to receive a portion of its funds. These remarks have been drawn from us by reading the subjoined letter, from the pen of an able minister of the Church of England, in reference to the subject of education, which we shall present to our readers without further preface, as it sufficiently speaks for itself:— " TO THE REV. HENRY MOORE. " DEAR SlR,—The address to Sir Robert Peel, which you have been requested to forward to the clergy for signature, and which, as you report, above eight hundred of them have already subscribed, I cannot sign, even after its recent alter ation. I think that it still states the principle of scriptural education most vaguely, and our chief objection to the er? scriptural system of national ed uca tion insufficiently; tsbaent_l u "" is further capable of being practically interpreted dir or which the great majority of the subscribers have claimed, and is consequently, on the whole, f m ore likely to do harm than good. " I am, dear sir, yours faithfulyL . E. MARTIN. 17, 1842." " Rectory House, Killyshandra, May Did you ever see two women pass each other in the street, without each turning round to see what the other had ou SECOND EDITION. Standard-qifice, Eleven o'clock EXECUTION OF DANIEL GOOD TIIE MURDERER. (From last night's London Standard.) This hardened miscreant underwent the extreme penalty of the law, in front of the gaol of Newgate, at eight o'clock this morning. Before describing the last moments of the unhappy convict, we will briefly advert to his conduct yes terday (S un d ay ) and the night previous. At a few minutes after 12 o'clock on Saturday night, as Mr. Cope informed our reporter, the convict requested one of the turnkeys to write to his wife Mary Good ; his request was complied with, and a communication, dictated by the murderer, which was of a rambling and incoherent character, was dispatched yes terday morning to his wife. He retired to rest between 12 and 1 o'clock, and slept tolerably sound until 5 o'clock yes terday morning, when he arose and dressed himself in a frock coat of a dark olive green, and dark grey trousers, which had been sent for by Good's desire, and which were brought to the gaol by Inspector Busain, of the V division, at a late hour on Saturday night. At an early hour the Rev. Mr. Carver visited the culprit in the condemned cell. and re mained engaged with him for a considerable time in prayer, but he evinced not the slightest intention to make any con fession. At half-past 10 o'clock Good attended divine ser vice in the private chapel. He afterwards partook of dinner with a seeming relish, and a few minutes before 3 o'clock he again attended the chapel, when the Rev. Mr. Lewis, from. Rochester, preached an excellent sermon from Psalm 13, v. 13, " Wherefore doth the wicked contemn God? He hath said in his heart, Thou wilt not require it." The chapel was not much crowded in the afternoon, there being less than a dozen hearers in the body of it, and the conduct of the criminal was therefore more easily observed than in the morning. Upon the prayers being read the prisoner turned round and knelt covering the upper part of his face with his hands, during which time he appeared as if repeating the responses after the clerk. Occasionally he stared wildly round the chapel, and clasped his hands to gether, as if appealing to heaven. In appearance he was much altered for the worse since the trial ; his dark, quick. penetrating eyes were inflamed and sunken in his cheek, and his countenance altogethe r was of a pallid hue. At the con: elusion of Divine Service he rose, and standing in the centre of the chapel, and evidently struggling with his feelings, en deavoured for a few seconds to give utterance to them. At length, in half choked sobs, he faltered out, as he waved his ho accompani e d hi m then led him out of hand, " The Lord be with y ou a ll !" " God bless you! " w ll, where h e was doomed to pass the few the The chapel two to turnkeys thecell, remaining hours he had to exist. Messrs. Alderman Magnay and Rogers (the Sheriffs,) the ordinary, and the governor, were unremitting in their atten tions to the malefactor until a late hour last eveninc, ; all their endeavours, however, to b r i ng hi m to a true state of repentance were totally fruitless. When pressed closely con cerning the atrocious crime which he had committed, he avoided the question, and dwelt upon some frivolous circum stance connected with his dress or his travels abroad. At twelve o'clock last night he went to bed for the last time and slept soundly for abyut two hours ; he then awoke and re quested the turnkey to read prayers to him, waich was done, and between three and four o'clock he fell into a doze, during which he exhibited great restlessness, and finally rose at five o'clock, and dressed himself in the same clothes in which he appeared in the chapel yesterday. Shortly afterwards Mr. Cope entered the condemned cell, when the culprit ex claimed, " I am no murderer ; I am no murderer !" but finding his assurance of innocence made no impression upon the governor, be desisted from making any further remark to that gentleman. By four o'clock the fatal drop, the barriers and all the ne cessary apparatus for carrying the law into effect were com pleted, and even before that hour groups of people assembled in the Old Bailey. Before six o'clock above 200 of the City police, under the direction of Major Shaw, the superintendant, in addition to a considerable number of the Metropolitan pv i lice, were stationed in front of the gaol, and at this time a more dense mass of human beings had assembled than has been known since the execution of Fauntleroy. All the houses opposite the prison had been let to sight-seeking lovers at an enormous price, and in several instances the whole of the casements were taken out, and raised seats erected for their accommodation. In one case a noble lord was pointed out to the reporter as having been a spectator at the last four or five executions, his price for his seat was said to be £l5. The house-tops were likewise covered with per sons, both male and female ; and the number of spectators far exceeded those who were present at the execution of Greenacre or Courvoisier. The usual ribaldry and coarse jokes were indulged in, and drunkenness and debauchery were prominent characteristics of the scene. Shortly before six o'clock the Sheriffs, Under Sheriffs, the Ordinary, and other officers of public justice, arrived at the prison, and proceeded to the condemned cell, where fresh attempts were made to induce the culprit to acknowledge the justice of his sentence, but with no better success than on the previous days. About a quarter past seven o'clock his breakfast was taken to him ; it consisted of some coffee and thin bread and butter, of which he ate heartily.— Calcraft, the hangman, arrived soon afterwards, and at twenty minutes to eight o'clock the reporters were ad mitted into the condemned cell, on entering which they found the convict seated on a form, with the Rev. Mr. Car ver by his side. The first words he was heard to ejaculate were, " Oh, my dear sir, I would not deny it at all if I were guilty." He appeared at this moment to be in a most distressed state of mind, but extremely cautious in what escaped his lips ; indeed it appeared as though he was acting in the hope that by creating a belief in his innocence he might avert that ignominious death which in a few minutes he was inevitably doomed to suffer. After a momentary pause he lifted his hands and, clasping them together, ex claimed, as he looked around, " The Lord bless you all, the Lord of Heaven be with you all." Then, fixing his eyes upon the Sheriffs, he said, " The Sheriffs—may God bless you both; I return thanks to you all ; may the Lord God bless you." Mr. Cope, the governor, then advanced near the culprit, and was immediately recognised by him ; he ex tended his hand to that gentleman, and remarked in a tone of deep lament, " Oh, Mr. Cope, you have been my best friend, and may the Lord God bless you. I declare, as I shortly expect to stand before my Maker, that I never took a life. As I have often told you, Mr. Cepe, when I was in Spain and Portugal for many years, I have seen many a man killed, but I never took a life, I declare 'to Almighty God." During the time he was giving utterance to this solemn declaration, he continued to fold his bands in an imploring attitude. The Ordinary then observed, "You are now about to quit this world have you any thing more to say? Are you prepared to go into the next world ?" The malefactor again replied, " I never took a life ; may the Lord receive me into the gates of Heaven. I never took a life." The reverend divine then said, " Do you adhere to the statement ? Remember, you have but a few minutes to live." The prisoner here laid his left hand on the Ordinary's shoulder, and taking one of that gentlem an ' s h an d s into his right, said, " Oh, my dear Sir, I should own to you if I was guilty ; fur I have now only two or three minutes before I go to my execution. I never took a life. May the Lord bless you and be with you all." The chaplain then reminded him of the scriptural passages he had frequently read to him, and which said, that those who confess their sins would find mercy in God. The culprit, however, still repeated that he never took a life— adding, as he pressed the Ordinary's hand, " If I had I would tell you, for you are the man I love ; I love the ground on which you tread. You have prayed with me— you have read and you have talked with me ; and I would not deny it now that I have only a few minutes to live. I hope the Lord will receive my poor soul." Mr. Carver ob served, if you are truly penitent he will, to which the culprit responded, " Why should I tell a lie when I've only got a few minutes to live? Oh, my dear Sir, I told a gentleman when he came up from Norwood, that I would tell you every thing."—Mr. Sheriff Magnay here desired the unhappy con vict not to dwell on that subject, as he was only making his case worse. The ceremony of pinioning here took place, nad the culprit, with a ghastly smile observed, " I think I see my Maker now before me. " H e then requested to have some wine and water, which was administered to him by Mr. Cope, and the executioner took off his muslin necker chief and placed it between his bosom and his coat; upon this being done the culprit requested the hangman to re move the neckerchief, and accept it for himself. The Fllirt collar of the wretched man was afterwards unbuttoned and turned down at his request, and the chapel bell having sounded his funeral knell, the solemn procession moved along the gloomy narrow windings of the gaol to the scaffold. Good frequently imploring, in loud accents, the Almighty to save his soul. He walked with a firm step, and ascended the steps of the scaffold without assistance. The prisoner, on being placed under the gallows, was assailed with the most hideous yells and long-continued execrations by the mob. When the hangman was about to draw the cap over his face, the murderer cried out " Stop, stop," and ap peared anxious to address the crowd. Calcraft desired him to attend to the prayers of the Ordinary, and in a few seconds the bolt was withdrawn, and the unhappy criminal was launched into eternity. He seemed to struggle violently for some seconds, and his body, after hanging the usual time, was cut down. Dr. Elliotson afterwards took a cast of the murdergr's head in the presence of several medical and scientific gentlemen. DESTRUCTION BY FIRE OF THE GEORGIA, INDIAMAN.-FIVE LIVES LOST. On Saturday afternoon the melancholy intelligence of the loss by fire of the ship Georgia, of Newcastle, an Indiaman, Captain Mitchell, bound to London, was received by the underwriters at Lloyd's, attended, we regret to say, with a deplorable sacrifice of human life. The ship was between 800 and 900 tons burthen, and was valued at £7,000, being splendidly fitted up for the acco i Tmodation .o -f passengera. She had a very rich cargo on ing of jewellery, merchandis e , and other valuable t o t a a r l d , I c o o np n e ae s ri y, which perished with the vessel ; a loss in £20,000. The unfortunate event occurred on o the morn ing of the Ist of last month, while on her passage to England, from Calcutt a , w hi ch place she left in the early part of February. From the accounts brought over by the ship Thomas Sparks, from China which arrived off pa rt " , mouth on Friday morn i ng, it appears that, early o n the morning mentioned, the " watch" on deck, when the vesse l was in latitude 30 south, and longitude 36 east, off Ma da gl; car, discovered a strong smell of burning about the ship of aroused the commander, Captain Mitchell, and th e e . rest the ship's crew, and a strict search was deterniesind taken off, On the boats being removed, and the main hatchcargo, when the burning was found to Proceed from th e cargo, so as to get orders were given to remove over a portion Veeded far, be upon. at the fire. The crew, however, shortly after fore a volume of smoke burst upon there., a e d with excessive wards it became so intense, accompr captain Mitchell heat, that they were forced to desi n s d blocked up every then had the hatches replaced , o l _ l ~,,, f stifling the tire. But aperture in the ship, in the L a.beout two hours the flames this proved unavailing, for ilows, and likewise from the had not pr nd broke through the cabin a that the destruction terror n and dismay of all ble,Pdirected the crew to prepare of the vessel was inevita h. in w hich they immediately set the s k "V na ts (two in number) over the n hatchway board. over c Captain p t ta li the nAij forecast l e, tcb eiviintoe r t o h e e i vi about doing by lowe a most trying themselves to learering t he __. moment, for the sea wa s , between 800 and 900 miles vessel's side. It was a h e avy gale of wind, and with the extremely rough, tn soul expeCted to meet with a watery grave. land ev ery s. ht . o'clock the chief mat with • At about eig _ ves in e, nine. i tch theel l andwor work the - f. l e ft the burning sel the jolly boat • and , g k r n a o v w e. ledge of the crew, tain M . o f f a t hwer quarter b be i ng g f a n hour afterwards ect Y they , i followed by Cap ship umber, four in numb • the 5.. n) s er, in the small boat. rest of In the c ourse reached the mast, g a terrible, though magni ficent and she appeared embo dieddevas mass of flame, form in one At th . in ppearance. is fi ee nt a critical period a vessel was ob served at a distance bearing servetowards the ill-fated ship, and the chief mate turned to make known the joyful intelligence twatieoren haddir. to Captain Mitchell and the rest of the crew, when he was. horror-struck on find fit..ng that the boat had foundered, and none of them were to be of picking them up, but seen. They rowed about in hopes. unfortunately_ none of the poor fel lows ever rose after. The ship Thomas Sparks, which. proved to be the vessel they b • saw b earing down to their as sistance, came up chief officer and-th al ongside soon afterwards, and took the c rest of the Georgia's Crow on . board, and they remain a mntlun a short distance of the burning ship until e She went down, which event took place at a late hour in the aftern to be iunu e d .to The Georgia 0. and cargo are reported ur n ' e extent of £25 ,00