The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1843-07-18 00:00:00

Kittrature. POETRY. ACROSTIC TO THE IRON STEAM-SHIP " HELEN MACGREGOR." BY A YOUNG LADY. (For the Liverpool Standard.) ma ark ! a voice from the Ocean Deep : 31E very wave on her bosom is speaking; ightly the winds o'er her waters sweep ; ach mermaid is roused from her shadowy sleep; eptune the stillness is breaking. NEPTUNE. X id the winds and the waves that obey my commands, Ai rise every spirit of Ocean ; C ome, welcome a stranger from yon weary land, fir lad to escape to thy free happy band, elieved from all worldly emotion. arth, Ocean, and Air, on thy spirits I call, G rant me the boon which I ask from ye all : 0 n the IiaLE)T MACGREGon your best blessings send, It eceive her and be from her birth a true friend. SOMETHING CHEAP. BY CHARLES SWAIN. (From the Literary Gazette.) There's not a cheaper thing on earth, Not yet one half so dear ; 'Tis worth more than distinguish'd birth, Or thousands gain'd a-year : It lends the day a new delight; 'Tis virtue's firmest shield ; And adds more beauty to the night Than all the stars may yield. It maketh poverty content, To sorrow whispers peace; It is a gift from heaven sent For mortals to increase. It meets you with a smile at morn ; It lulls you to repose ; A flower for peer and peasant born, An everlasting rose. A charm to banish grief away, To snatch the frown from care ; Turn tears to smiles, make dulness gay— Spread gladness everywhere; And yet 'tis cheap as summer dew, That gems the lily's breast; A talisman for love, as true As ever man possess'd. As smiles the rainbow through the cloud When threat'ning storm begins— As music 'mid the tempest loud, That still its sweet way wins— As springs an arch across the tide, Where waves conflicting foam, So comes this seraph to our side, This angel of our home. What may this wondrous spirit be, With power unheard before— This charm, this bright divinity? Good temper—nothing more Good temper!—'tis the choicest gift That woman homeward brings; And can the poorest peasant lift To bliss unknown to kings. HINTS FOR PEDESTRIANS, PRACTICAL AND MEDICAL, (From an unpublished Manuscript,. by a Physician of Liverpool.) BY MEDICUS. " Health is the vital principle of bliss, And exercise of health. In proof of this, Behold the wretch who slugs his life away, Soon swallowed in disease's sad abyss; While he whom toil has braced, or manly play, Has light as air each limb, each thought as clear as day: Thomson's Castle of Indolence. - - CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY OBSERVATIONS. 1. Exercise and rest may be said to be the poles around which are perpetually revolving all the varieties of the animated globe. Or again, we may resolve the electric conditions of our animal organization into positive and negative poles ; for we shall find that as we recede from the one state we approach the other ; as we trace up all the lower forms of life, with their limited location and powers, we approximate, as we recede from the negative, nearer and nearer to the antagonizing positive, wherein more perfect capacities are adapted for more energetic efforts, and where, consequently, an almost ceaseless ac tivity reigns. And here we see man, the crown of all creation's work s , lyi ng un d er the curse pronounced by the Almighty upon original transgression, with his frame beauteously fitted for activity ; appointed to sweat under needful toil in order to earn his daily food. Yet the ap petite for exertion is found gratefully alleviating the penalty of the primaeval sentence ; so that, in fact, rest less man experiences far more of a curse in idleness and fruitless inactivity, than he actually realizes under the existing urgent instigations to their opposite. Thus may we be reconciled to, and even rejoice over, that election of tho kindlier alternative which heaven has made for us in recording her penal sentence attempered with mercy. 2. Man, therefore, loves exertion; not only does his present condition demand and sue for it, but his constitu tion rejoices in it : and most true it ever has been, and will be, that rest itself is only to be enjoyed in succession to activity —ease is alone relished— sleep is only grate fully welcome after that, " Toil which does keep Obstructions from the mind and quench the blood; Ease but belongs to us like sleep, and sleep, Like opium, is our medicine, not our food." Sir' W. D'Avenanrs Gondibert. 3• Activity is essential to the health of every organ of the bony, for, through the use and exercise of the mus cular system, the functions of the whole compound being are -efficiently discharged —the circulating system is de veloped and maintained iu its requisite force, and in bar mony with the nervous as well as nutritive or assimila tive systems—the brain receives its nicely-balanced supply—the lungs are expanded, so as to have their in herent elasticities called forth ; whilst the heart, ac quiring full tone and and energy, as the fountain of life, again returns the vital currents back to those muscles, and throughout the varied framework of the body, in order to evolve their corresponding requisite develop ment. Let as add to the benefits of this muscular exercise. the respiration of the pure mountain air,— " nigh on the breeze's ridge, whose lofty sides The ethereal deep with endless billows chafes." giving thereby fresh life to the blood, and that sparkling glo* of colour to the cheek which is alternately dis carded and admired, as ' rude health,' by the capriciously varying tastes of society. Let the mind be emancipated from corrosive care, and in its stead be clad with that cheerfulness which the "country" so invariably excites, and we shall realise health's vital principle —bringing bliss. ".Health is the soul that animates all the pleasures of life ; and without it a man starves at the best of tables—is poor and wretched in the midst of the greatest treasures. Without health, youth loses all vigour; beauty all its charms : music is grating to the ears: palaces are prisons : riches useless: honours and atendants cumbersome; and crowns themselves a burthen." _ . On the other hand, , under the veil of inactivity, lurk the seeds of all manner of bodily and mental diseases; the bedy itself wastes, or else drags its stag nant bulk along—the mental powers languish and be come obtuse—the animal spirits flag, and in recoiling again upon themselves become a prey to ennui and melancholy, with all their attendant train of evils. Hence we find in the higher classes of society, where the necessity for active bodily exertion is least remarked, that the kinds of diseases to which such classes are the most obnoxious, are exactly those derangements of the natural functions which are most directly traceable to habits of luxurious indolence, repletion and inactivity. O. Locomotion, then, is manifestly and extensively intended by nature, so important and so various are the objects to be attained by it, and by it alone, in our social condition, whether that be in the simpler or more com plex walks of life, that the grand question resolves into into a consideration regarding the mode only, whereby healthful exercise and recreation are to be readiest found, and most accessible to the bulk of society :—ln well-arranged and agreeable pedestrian' excursions, is the reply. The charm of travelling (never so great as when on foot, each stage of delightful variety is fairly won) has been a fertile theme for the pen of the letter writer and the poet to descant upon—and not alone these--the graver pen of the medical philosopher has eulogized "sweet travel:" it is an untold store of re creation for the mental and bodily consideration of our compound life ;—it expands the heart in sympathy with either , the pleasure or pain of others, and adds a relish itself to the mere fact of our bare existence ; long ere the chords of our spiritual and intellectual nature vibrate to its successive series of awakening incident. A little work lately out, has the following remark on the subject :- 66 In travelling we multiply events, and innocently. We set out, as it were, on our adventures ; and many are those that occur to us, morning, noon, and night. The day we come to a place vre have long heard and read of, is an era in our lives ; and from that moment the very name calls up a picture. How delightfully, too, does the knowledge flow in upon us. and how fast ! 7. For all those listless and effeminate persons, who "see no good in walking when they can ride in a carriage," the following suggestions will be void of interest or pro fit :—lnvalidness, luxury, business, or the want of time, are conditions which it is not in place here to discuss. Where such press, or are supposed to do so, their several claims for the convenience and service of a vehicle, such demands must be responded to according to the circum stances, &c., of the party requiring such aids. 8. The mountaineers of all countries are always the strongest, and the most energetic and famous for longe vity ; not so much, as it is erroneouslyjasserted, owing to the purity and rarity of the air, but because their more distant habitations oblige them to walk many miles up and down, and because they cannot make use of any carriages whatever, except the sliding and sure-footed mule, chiefly serviceable for descending steep declivities. 9. For those, again, who prefer, and can command, the delight of horse exercise, little exception can be taken against a mode of travelling which indubitably stands very high in general estimation, both in matters of health and convenient exercitation, and which hath been duly lauded and prescribed in olden times, by many an old medical worthy, particularly Celsus. The cost of outfit and supporting these noble animals, being the chief drawback to the more general practice of riding on horse back; though there are other disadvantages, not to be entirely passed over —such as the manifold inconveniences to which, in a broken, boggy, or mountainous district, the cavalier is, as such, inevitably exposed. The mem bers of every grade of society, however, are constrained to admit, that by walking they can best maintain them selves in good health and elastic spirits. 10. Finally, then, to that numerous, respectable, and exercise-needing class, whose limited means may exclude, or whose habits and tastes seek not, either of the pre ceding methods of locomotion, the subjoined directions are respectfully offered in the way of " Hints," medical and general, in the humble hope that they may prove of some little service in the shape of advice as to the pre paration, management, and fair exertion of those locomo tives of such unspeakable value, and which are emphat ically, at all times and seasons, their ►wn. Pool Cottage, Road-side, April, 1843. CHA F TER IL PREPARATIONS PROVISIONAL, VA RIOUSLY NEEDFUL AND NEEDFULLY VARIOUS, TOUCHING THE LOCOMOTIVES. 11. All men have not the same tastes and feelings, and happy is it for us that adversity characterises as much the phases of our minds as it most certainly does our bodily faces ; yet on the point of selecting periods of the year for pedestrian excursions, 12. Summer has, for several obvious reasons, been most unanimously chosen as the favourite season, pre senting natuie, as she does, wearing a perpetual smile, or, when chequered by a bursting cloud, only so obscured to brighten and dazzle again the more : she adds " length of days" to her other charms and witchery of existence ; and Queen of Seasons she must ever be, though her noon day ardour invites to a listless repose, so usually at once the opprobrium and the luxurious accident of summer tours. 13. Spring has also many claims to be considered. The fresh and bracing winds—the sharp frosty morning —the early birds and their gladdening matin song—the burst of renewed vegetable life—the fragrant odours of the young leaves as they escape from their winter's hard cored envelope—the shining floweret on the hedge bank, loading the air with its balmy fragrance all the sweeter, and more intoxicating for having been long locked up under miserly snow and frost—the leaping rill and the sparkling dew urge their loud yet sweet appeal, and that never in vain, to the man who has a single particle of the ideal in his mind, without which man is at best but a cal culating animal. The invigorating freshness of spring tide may not, must not, be underrated ; our own com pound nature drinks in by a manifold sympathy of life all the renewing energies which are astirring on every side —around, below, and above us. Indisputably as far as health is concerned this season must bear away the palm, for there are periodicities in our nature having a corres pondence sometimes manifest ; often occult, with the ani mate and inanimate groupings around us ; and much might be urged in a striking way on the tone and mystic keeping of these sweet harmonies ; but it would lead us away from our immediate task. To the valetudinarian then, we commend the " opening day" of the year, " the merry, merry month of May." April has often lustrous weather, bright and sunny, but fleeting, often, and delu sive, which called forth poor Kirk White's graphic lines "A little sun, a little rain— A peevish April clay." 14. Autumn, tob, has its enthusiastic admirers : it is the season chiefly worshipped by poetic temperaments— that "genus irritabile vatum," whose keen sensibilities, tastes, and feelings, nnrsed so carefully and capriciously, give it a colour of their own—their "Eyes see all around, in gloom or glow Hues of their own, fresh borrow'd from the heart;" and thus the season of calm decline—this fading chaplet of the year is made to acquire a moody character, as though she were the personification of melancholy,where as a mind of more common and cheerful tone passes through the rich colours, the laden trees, the bird's ever joyous song, the falling leaf even without reading pain fully the lesson of silently -operating change, without being started with the echo of Spring reverberating less and less from approaching winter's icy cape! And o should the cheerful equal mind relish every season, each tracing its own significant and appropriate emblems cf life, re hearsing in beauteous types the corresponding ages of man, until the revolution of the year-circle has completed and pointed the moral of our life-circle. "Red o'er the forest peers the setting sun, The line of yellow light dies fast away That crown'd the eastern copse : and chill and dim Falls on the moor the brief November day. Now tlupotir'd hunter winds a parting note, And echo bids goosl night from every glade. Yet wait awhile, and see the calm leaves float Each to his rest beneath their parent shade."l—Keole. Thus sings a cheerful poet ; and we are landed in 15. Winter —wherein short days make short work, and nipping frosts bind earth and water into one iron-faced resistance to man's busy-handed industry: yet may, ne vertheless, even here, the enterprising footsteps procure judicious and glowing exercise, in robust play of the limbs. Having paid our court to the seasons, in the most sea sonable manner we could, let us then now descend to look into some of the dry and matter offact details of re paration for a pedestrian trip, which, though somewhat at first uninviting, yet we premise thus much to every and all—poet of naturalist—philosopher or man of business-- that the poetry of nature's changing garb and features, —the science of her thousand ways of wonder working life—the t one of her swest influence on the mind and body—will he promoted in no trifling degree, by our secur ing, as far as practicable and foreseen, those conditions actually essential to the comfort and success of a pedes trian ramble; for if great things are only the summing up of small things, as, in the fable, the grateful ant stung the leg of the man whose deadly aim was thereby diverted from sacrificing the poor bird to whose kind act of rescue when in danger the ant had previously owed her own life—how can we despise even the least matter which can exercise an influence for good or evil on our journey's successful issue. Who has not had to experience the hitter mortification of having a trip on foot spoilt by some trifle, unheeded or unanticipated in the hey-day of the start ! What corn began to complain on the second day ? What sore heel from the wear 'of an itt-fit ting boot or shoe, has not destroyed all the soaring pleasure of onr excursion, just when the country began to open to our eager gaze ; and who that has so paid the penalty of incaution and neglect at start ing does not wish to take good care that such shall not happen again to themselves, or to any friend, indeed, starting on a similar trip, and who will listen to the voice of experience in the matter. To enter, then, forthwith into all manner of " Hints" and practical suggestions. 17: In the first place, the reader will he,. perhaps, snrprised to learn how many things need to be attended to in preparing for a few days or weeks excursion into the country ; and, further, that you must begin to train and harden yourself a day or two before actual setting. out. (To be continued.) LYING•IN HOSPITALS. The art and science of midwifery is of very early origin, coeval with, if not antecedent to, the science of medicine, and appears to have been considered as a distinct depart ment of medical practice from the mast remote ages of antiquity. Thus the most ancient writer in the world refers to the midwives who attend upon Rachel, the wife of Jacob, upon Thamer, the widow of Er, and upon the Hebrew women during the Egyptian captivity. The author of the first book of Samuel. makes reference to the midwife who attended upon the wife of Phineas, the son of Eli. Hippocrates, the most ancient medical author extant, who lived 1,000 years after Moses and about 400 years before Ch r i s t, co ll ected the disjointed fiagments of information which lay scattered abroad, in reference to midwifery, as well as to medicine and surgery, and pre set ibed more for diseases of females than for any others. The works of Celsus, Aretmus ' Moschion, R u f us Ephesus, Galen, )Etius, Paulus 'lEgineta, and many others amongst the Greeks, abound with instructions in midwifery, and several of the plans of treatment re commended by the moderns were clearly predicated by ancients of the Greek school. A succession of Arabian authors, Serapion, Rhazes, Avicenna, and Albu cac i s , brings us down to the twelfth century. In the following century the practice of medicine began to bo encouraged in England. In the year 1532, Euchariv.s Rhodion, a German, published a treatise on parturition. The next book of any importance upon our subject was published in England in 1540 by Dr. Raynalde. Ambrose Parts in France, and the illustdous Harvey in England contri buted materially to the improvement of midwifery during this century. Hitherto, the practice of midwifery had been almost exclusively confined to female practitioners, the assistance of the physician or surgeon being required only in cases of extreme difficulty and responsibility. The Duchesse de la Valliere, the favourite mistress of Louis XIV., was the first female who placed herself under the exclusive care of a male practitioner. This event occurred in 1663. The elevated rank of the duchesse furnished to other ladies of all ranks of society an example (and an induce ment to employ male practitioners, and Julian Clement, the attendant upon the duchesse, received shortly after wards the new appointment of accoucheur to the princesses of France. The increase of civilisation, together with its con comitants, crowded cities, unwholesome diet, hard la bour, personal and moral restraints, occupations injurious to health and calculated to weaken the frame, stunt the growth, and destroy that beautiful symmetry of form which nature has given—whether the consequence of necessity amongst the poor or the effects of luxury and self indulgence amongst the rich—must have tended to induce difficulty and danger in child birth, vastly greater than those occurring under circumstances more favour able to health. The increase of these difficulties would necessarily im press the sex with a powerful sense of danger; and the manifest incapability of the ordinary midwife i n cases of extraordinary complication or severity, would naturally induce them and their friends to apply to the medical man to give assistance ; yet it is a fact, that the opposition to the employment of accoucheurs has not been overcome in every nation until the dangers resulting from inexperi enced and inefficient practitioners have been so great as to arouse the attention of the state. In England there is no regular instruction for female midwifes. No examination under which the legislature compels them to pass. And consequently the results of want of information are most appalling. In Edinburgh, Professor Hamilton has suc ceeded in establishing a class of female pupils, many of whom have risen to considerable local celebrity; but he informs us that the timidity of the sex is such as to dis enable them in general from the performance of any capi tal operations. In France the Midwife receives a regular medical education, attends lectures, walks the hospitals, and finally undergoes the examinations necessary to her graduating as a doctor in medicine. The first lying-in hospital in London was founded so late as 1739, by Sir James Manningham, in one of the wards of St. James's Parochial Infirmary, Westminster. Since that period our science has been cultivated much more widely and extensively. Names high in the temple of fame appear in rapid succession, as Levrk, Smellie, Befit, Gregoire, Meckel, Siebold, Hunter, Osborne, Den man, Haighton, Clarke, Davies, &c., which bring us down to the present day, and to those numerous and talented individuals w h o are now so success f ully enriching this department of medical science. Hospitals and other institutions specially devoted to ob stetric cases and the diseases of women and children, have rapidly increased. London alo ne now possesses thirteen midwifery institutions ; D u bli n h as th ree o r tour; and many of the large towns in the kingdom—Edinburgh, Manchester, Liverpool, Leeds, Newcastle, Bristol, &c. — possess similar charities.—Dr. Waddy. SELECTIONS. My precept to all that build is, that the owner should be an ornament to the house, and not the house to the owner. THE JONAH MOUSE.---" The Tay trout," says John Crorar, " lives in that river all the year round. It is a large and yellow fish with a great mouth, and feeds chiefly on salmon spawn, moles, mice, frogs, &c. A curious cir cumstance once happened to me at Pulney Loch ; one of my sons threw a live mouse into it, when a large trout took the mouse down immediately. The boy told me what had happened, so I took my fishiug-rod which was leaning against my house close to the loch, and put a fly on. At the very first throw I hooked a large trout, landed it, and laid it on the walk ; in two seconds the mouse ran out of its mouth, and sot into a hole in the wall before I could catch it."—scrope's Days of Salmon Fishing. OUR SCINDIAN CONQUEST.---It will further appear, that the present, or rather the now deposed, dynasty of Ameers, were intruders, whose occupation of the country is not of fifty years' date ; who have not, therefore, ac quired that species of right to which sufferance gives a qualified sanction, and who could justify their title by no plea but the choice and approbation of their subjects. Now, the universally consenting testimony of all persons who have visited the territories of the Ameers, declares that they are detested by the Scindians, who sigh for any change, and who hailed the approach of the British, when on their march towards Afghanistan, in the vain hope that they were coming to release them from the absurd and intolerable tyranny of their princes, which condemned the people to misery and the very soil to reluctant sterility. Every traveller in Scinde speaks loudly in praise of the fertile and productive properties of many tracts in that neglected country, and of the resources which it would afford to commerce if its energies were not depressed.— Asiatic Journal. PRICES Ys 1793.—The celebrated count Mirabeau, in a letter written from London just fifty years ago, thus speaks of English prices ; it isTemarkable bow very nearly they are the same as those paid at the present time. "To enable you to form a judgment of the dearness of London, take the following : bread, 2d. a pound ; coarse meat, 4d; roasting beef, Bd. to 9d. ; bacon, 10d. ; butter, ls. ; can dles, id. ; the price of a cow, 12'or 15 guineas ; an acre of land, in the neighbourhood of the metropolis, £5 or £6 per annum. This great dearness of provisions is continu ally exciting murmurs among the peole ; but famine is not the consequence. The only measures taken a few years ago, by the legislature, under similar circumstances, were, laying an embargo upon English corn, and suffering the importation of foreign grain during three months. In the debates, upon that occasion, one of the first peers of Eng land observed, that the dearness of provisions was not so much a proof of a dearth of corn, as of the great super fluity of golds and silver, which war and commerce had brought into the kingdom ;. that the country partook of that superfluity, which extended even to the farmer." WHAT MUST BE DONE WITH SCINDE?;---The country is now placed in our hands—how is it to be disposed of? There are but three modes first, that of restoring it to its late possessors, with such curtailments and under such conditions as may diminish the means of annoyance here-- after ; secondly, that of replacing it under the independent authority of some member of the Calora dynasty ; or, lastly, that of administering- the government of the country ourselves. Now, it is obvious that the late rulers of Scinde, educated as they have been, and identifying their interests with those of an army of Belooche ruffians, could never make their country a useful ally of Britain, or im part to it sufficient strength to resist any invader. Want of attachment on the part of their subjects would alone enfeeble their authority, and Scinde would still. remain weak, disorganised, and poor. The change of dynasty, if it were practicable, would be merely an experiment. The Colors family had no hold upon the affections of the peo ple, and if restored mast be upheld, like Shah Shooja, by British bayonets. There seems, therefore, no other pru dent alternative than that which the Governor-General of India appears to have adopted,—for no formal annexation of Scinde to the British dominions has yet been promul gated,,—that of boldly doing in the face of the world that which must be done covertly by eitherof the other courses. Asiatic Journal. Ily2Norrsar.—lt will be observed, for reasons adduced, I have now entirely separated hypnotism from animal magnetism. I consider it to be merely a simple, speedy, and certain mode of throwing the nervous system into a new condition, which may be rendered eminently avail able in the cure• of certain, disorders. I trust, therefore, it may. be investigated quite independently of any bias, either for or against the subject, as connected with mes merism ; and only by the facts which can be adduced. I feel quite confident we have acquired, in this process, a valuable addition to our curative means ;..but I repudiate the idea of holding it up as a universal remedy ; ,nor do I even pretend to understand, as yet, the whale range of diseases in which it may he useful. Time and experience alone can determine this question, as is the case with all new remedies. When we consider, that in this process we have acquired the power of raising sensibility to, the most extraordinary degree, and also of depressing it far below the torpor of natural sleep; and that from the latter condition, any or all of the senses may be raised to the exalted state of sensibility referred to, almost with the rapidity of thought, by so simple an agency as a puff of air directed against the respective parts ; and that, we can also raise and depress the force and frequency of the circulation, locally or generally, in a most extraordinary degree, it must be evident we have thus an important power to act with. Whether these extraordinary physical effects are produced through the imagination chiefly, or by other means, it appears to me quite certain, that the imagination has never been so much under our control, or capable of being made to act in the same beneficial and uniform manner, by any other mode of management hitherto known.—Braid's Neurypnology, or Rationale of Nervous Sleep. WANT; OF CONSID3RATION FOlik, THE Poon.---How comes it that our great factory towns grow to such fright ful size ? Manchester. and Glasgow, with their vice_ and their disease, cannot keep up their own population.. Cut off supplies of fresh labourers from without, and these towns, in sixty years, would be without inhabitants. They are fed and swollen up to their present enormous size, and filled. with an excessive number of labourers, depressing each other's wages, by the constant immigration of the villagers. But how come the villagers to leave their green fields and purer air, to immure themselves in the foetid lanes of factory towns? Simply because, in the villages, they are reckoned " surplus." —are half-starved,—are driven about from farmer to overseer, and from their miserable huts to union workhouses, until life is rendered a burden to them, and they crowd into the towns, to em brace a kind of labour to which they are. quite unac customed, merely because it seems to promise some sort of shelter and food for their offspring;?—while thus to " get rid" of them, is reckoned a matter of rejoicing— aye, of actual rejoicing on the part of the gentry and farmers among whom they have dwelt. We have over- . heard, with silent horroli, long contentions between ad joining parishes, touching which of them a hearty, sober,, well-conducted labourer "belonged. to ; " and when, at some expense for lawyers, one of the parishes had " saddled " him upon the other, great was the joy at " having got rid of him !" We have listened to these contentions, and we have said to ourselves, " How can England ever be aught but wretched and discontented in such a state of things? " Augment your capital : prevent your population —these are the two main principles on which all modern doctors and statesmen have founded their system and their practice. They have carried them far enough to fill the island with wretchedness ; and yet they dare not carry them fully out. Is not improvidence a fault ?—they ask,—can it be right in a man who is scarcely able to feed himself, to marry, and to expose himself to the probable result of having six or eight other mouths to feed, upon six or eight shillings per week ? We admit the lamentable nature of the case;,--but we ask our mentors to test their own principles by carrying them boldly into practice. It is wrong, you say, in a poor labourer, who can scarcely feed and clothe himself, to marry. If it be wrong—clearly wrong; we know not why it should not be made penal by law. You reply, that this you would gladly see done but lack courage to pro pose it ; and therefore are driven to rely chiefly upon little tracts and books, teaching " the principles of popu lation." This, however, you will not attempt to deny— that you would be glad if, either by law, or by the in fluence of instruction, all " improvident marriages" could be put an end to : and you would certainly reckon it im provident in an agricultural labourer, only earning six, seven, or eight shillings a-week, to expose himself to the probability of having half-a-dozen children. We ask, I then, the very obvious and plain question—Would you wish all the young men now growing up to manhood in our agricultural districts to remain unmarried ?—for most of them are quite unable to earn more than this poor pittance! And were your wish obeyed, what sort of a state do you imagine that England would be in, in point of morals, at the end of seven rags? You have been preaching against marriage for the last thirty years, and already you have filled our villages with bastardy and child-murder, hut were you to carry out your principles thoroughly and honestly, do you imagine that the country could be lived in by any decent people ?—Perils of the Nation. INIQUITY OF THE SELFISH PRINCIPLE. —lf men bounded their desires after this world's goods, by what they might fairly acquire without approximating to the verge of another woe, proclaimed against him " that useth his neighbour's service without wages, and giveth him not for his work," or who gives so little, it is next akin to nothing ; there would be a manifest check put to the augmentation of estates, the embellishment of dwelling houses, and the countless etcetera of personal emulation and display. Waste land would not be enclosed as now it everywhere is; the village common would still pasture the poor man's cow, and afford picking to his little stock of poultry, instead of being made to bear grain for the wealthy farmer, or to form an addition to the nobleman's preserve. The frame of woman would not be bowed un der such burdens as ought not even to be laid on the more robust structure of man, nor would her mind be inevitably vitiated by compulsory admixture with labourers of the other sex, at such times, in such places, and under such circumstances as render mental contamination at least a matter of course. Children would not be immured throughout the livelong day in gloomy buildings, and their exhausting efforts protracted to thirteen, fourteen, fifteen hours of labour, to the utter exclusion of every hope that instruction, even on the most vital subjects, may reach them. The common sense of mankind assents to what inspiration declares—" Man goeth forth to his work and to his labour until the evening." Twelve hours is the limit preseribed, by universal consent, for the work of adults ; yet under the influence of this money getting mania, we find employers pertinaciously refusing to bring the daily serv i ce even o f t h e i r j uven i le operat i ves within that limit. No other excuse is, or can be ad vanced; the market, say they, must be supplied, and whatever advantage we sacrifice, others will seize. It may be so ; but the policy is eery short-sighted that looks no farther than the duration of this demand ; this unhealthy, feverish craving for a supply only to be ob tained by means pregnant with destruction alike to the markets, the goods, and those who bring them there. The least taste of lice n ti ous lib erty, suc h as our work i ng po pulation recently obtained a snatch of, is perilous in the extreme to those who know no medium between it and the most heart-sickening drudgery ; combined with im prisonment, and the constant spectacle of luxury in ano ther class that seems to mock their privations, and to count them but as the beasts that perish.—Perils the Nation. MORMONITE FALSEHOODS..-- 1 told my informant that I had seen quite enough to convince any person of ordi nary understanding, that Smith was an impostor. He replied that Smith might be as bad as he was reported to be, but that is prophecies would not thereby be proved false. He might be a swindler, a liar, a drunkard, a swearer, and still be a true prophet. David was a mur derer and an adulterer, and yet was a true prophet. St. Peter said that even in his time " David had not yet ascended into heaven." David was in hell, for no mur derer had eternal life abiding in him. So Smith might be as infamous as David was, and even deny his own revela tions, and turn away from his religion, and go to hell; but this would not affect the revelations which God had given by him. It was in vain that I attempted to correct the doctor's false positions; the stream of his heretical eloquence had begun to flow, and, finally, I suffered it to flow unchecked. He said that the truth of Mormonism did not depend on the character of Smith or of any other man. That our Lord had told the Jews that there were other sheep, not of that fold, whom He intended to bring, and that in accordance with this declaration, after his as cension into heaven, He descended again in America and preached the Gospel to the Indians, as the veracious his tory of the book of Mormon assured us. That for his own part, his faith had been produced solely by the power of God, and that if he was deceived, God Almighty had,de ceived him, and no other. " I was once an honest Athe ist," he proceeded ; " I felt that Christianity could not be true, since Christians have not yet decided among them selves what Christianity is. I was induced by curiosity to listen to the preachinr , of a Mormon elder. My atte n ti on was strongly arrested; I began• to believe in God, and for many weeks and months was earnest in my prayers to Him for a knowledge of the truth. After a' space of six months, I was one night lying awake in my bed medi tating, when suddenly a conviction of the reality 'of the Christian religion flashed upon my mind like lightning. I saw the truth of the Scriptures and of the book of Mor mon. I felt powerfully convinced that the prophecies of Joseph Smith were from God. At the same time I was filled with a supernatural extasy which resembled heaven itself. I could not restrain my feelings, but cried out, 0 my God, if it be thus to be baptized with the Holy Ghost, what must it be to be baptized with fire. From that time 1 have been a member of the Latter-day Church,' and, believe me, I would rather be an honest Atheist again. than embrace the doctrines of any of the sects. If the religion which profess be false, there is no true religion upon earth." IMPROVEMENT'S IN AGRICULTURE, CHIEFLY THE WORK OF THE ANGLO-SAXO/1 , RACE.—It is a most re markable fact, if you will pardon me for indulging in a general reflection, that till lately all great discoveries and improvements in agriculture seem to have been the pro duct of the very earliest infancy of mankind, Who can tell, my lord, when that instrument that lies at the basis of all civilisation, the plough, was invented ? Who can tell when man first called in the partners of his labour, the horse, the ox, -the cow, the swine, the sheep, and took them into profitable alliance with himself? If you could find out who was the shepherd that first caught the wild dog, and taught him to-help and tend the flock, you ought to rear a monument of brass or a marble cenotaph to his memory—a higher monument than was ever raised to hero or monarch. Who knows where the cereal grains or the esculent roots were first cultivated ? There is but one of them as yota , know, the potatoe, of which the history is known—all the rest retire back into the darkest antiquity. They were cultivated at a time when your ancestors- were roaming over the morassesof the now beautiful free and merry England—(cheers) 1 when our ancestors were roam ing painted savages through the land. Aye, and when the Romans and Greeks were living on beech nuts and acorns —(hear, hear). It seems, in fact, that in reference to the progress of agriculture, mankind has followed that curious law which Mr. Owen alluded to at the council dinner yes terday—the law that governs the ruminating animals in the tropics. He pointed out to us most beautifully that the ruminating animals there have a large fat lump between the shoulders. This is nourished and grows in the first five months of the year, when there is plenty of food, and they get along with the hump as well as they can through the seven succeeding months .of scarcity. So it seems with mankind with respect to agricultual discove ries. In the very infancy of the race they get this large fat hump between the shoulders, and for 3;000 years they lived upon little or nothing else—(cheers and laughter). The very plough that we read of in Virgil we may now see in use in the south of Europe. We see it still in the hands of the peasantry as we discover it in bas relief on the sculptured remains of antiquity. It is a most pleas ing fact that this revival of the great art of agriculture in these latter days of the world is the work-of the Anglo- Saxon race of which you have spoken. It has been left to you, and if you will permit me to say to, us, living as we do in this ungenial climate, beneath these weeping skies ; (the rain-was at this moment descending in torrents and the observation was l ou dl y c h eered ) ; it has been left to us to do that which not Italy nor Greece has been able to do with all their sunny. climate. Yes, and it is the want of those tropical luxuries, those enervating breezes of the south that has given you, that gives us, that hardihood, that perseverance, that industry, that resolution, that are worth all the spices and all the gold of the tropics— (dicers). Yes it is this that e na bl es you to make that boast in which I hope you will permit me, for my country to join— " Man is the nobler growth our soil supplies, And souls are ripened in our northern skies." —Mr. Everett, at the Royal Agricultural Meeting. THE. ILIATSTRACMD•, LONDON NEWS.--The second volume of this spirited and elegant newspaper. for the half-year ending with June, is made eomplete with a noble and boldly executed. title-page, index, preface, Sc.c,, issued with the usual weekly number of last Saturday. The suc cess. of this publication has been unprecedented ; we need not say that it has also been deserved. DUELLING. m sti e t n ut i e n d th th e e p di ri s m gr e a o c p In our last we acquainted our readers with one of those life, fore of aw C a n o I d desperate and u n h appy offences-which have so long con n the el F c a u w r r e t o t , f y v , s a o s c b i e u t t y . 3 5 _ A a gallant soldier, for he had just received an honour for his gallantry in the Chinese campaigns —and, a husband— has been put to death by his own relative.. We are per fectly aware that this homicide has been. committed in a duel, according to the rulas made by the clubs, military messes, and such other high legal authorities, and that though the law of the land,condemns such acts as murder, yet as fashion says they are useful, very gentlemanlike, and even very necessary, things, the law will not find itself able to do anything in the matter;, and the person who killed the deceased will go about his proper business. as usual, unless, indeed, some similar invitation be given to himself to go out and be killed, In the meantime a goodly formality is gone through,_ every atom of which might as well be spared, for it will be wholly ineffectual. Everybody on and off the jury knows that Colonel Fawcett was shot dead at five o'clock in the morning, after having gone to the Hampstead road to shoot at, or be shot by, another person that he was, killed on the spot ; and that there is no doubt whatever that his miserable end, the extinction of all his hopes, uses, and services in this world, the widowing of his wife, and perhaps the bitter sorrows of a mother and sisters, were all inflicted in the space of five minutes after he alighted from his cabriolet, by the hand of the gentleman who, also being allied to him, came out for the purpose thus quickly and completely accomplished. Yet, if his antagonist on this unhappy occasion bad shot Colonel Fawcett in his back, or at night, or in a wood, or in a private room and alone, the case would be declared murder and the murderer would b e h ange d. Y et, what is the difference in the result ? None that we can possibly discover. The gallant soldier is as much lost to life as if he had been stabbed by an assassin ; the only palliative (I) being, that he was killed with two gentlemen looking on and a surgeon in attendance; that he was killed in the face of day, and with a pistol in his hand, by which he might at the same time have killed the husband of his wife's sister; two individuals being thus destroyed instead of one, and two sisters m a d e w id ows at t h e same t i me. But why was this act of blood committed? Nobody knows. What has it remedied ? Nobody can tell. There has been some rumour of some words between the an tagonists on some money transaction. Has a bullet the faculty of clearing up the account ? has it made the wronging party the right ? has it cleared the character of any one? Not in the least. It bas only showed that one of the parties could kill the other; and for this purpose a soul is sent naked before God, in the very act of defying his commands. Why should such things be in any country? Why should they be tolerated for a moment in a country 1 whose proudest boast is that it holds the faith of the. Scriptures in its purity? If paganism was never guilty of this atrocious stain—if the bravest people of the ancient world, the romantic Greek and the daring Roman, never dreamed of it, as either a stimulant or a sign of national courage—if it originated only in that dark and bloody superstition which, making religion the sanction of every vice, insulted the justice of heaven, by annexing its judg ment to the chances of the sword, until the monk and the hired champion settled the price of life together, and the trade of the assassin grew out of the abominations of both —is it not time for Christian England to raise her voice against this direct insult to all justice and all humanity ? Why does not the church come forward to denounce the crime ? Where are our bishops ? Why do they not com mand their clergy to preach against it? Where are the gatherers of public meetings on a hundred purposes not a hundreth part so important? Where is the association of which we have heard so much ? And why are not the authorities of the church called upon to protest in the most solemn and decisive manner against a custom which is a crying evil in the sight of God and man ? Why, we ask, are not our bishops forward in the extinction of this sport of blood and misery ?—Britannia. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, LIVERPOOL JULY RACES.-WEDNESDAY. THE CROXTETH STAKES of 15 sovs each, 10 ft, with 30 added, for three-yr-olds, Est 81b ; four, Bst 21b ; five, Bst 91b • six and aged, 9st ; mares, & c ., a ll owe d 311 03 . One mile and a quarter. Eleven subs. Mr. Jaques's Semiseria, 3 yrs.... .... (Copeland) 1 Mr. Ramsay's The Shadow, aged (W. Noble) 2 Lord Westminster's Martyr, 4 yrs.. Lord Chesterfield's Meal, 4 yrs The following also started but were not placed :—Sir W. M. Stanley's Forester, 5 yrs (Whitehouse) ; Mr. Megson's Vitellius, 3 yrs (Jefferson) ; Mr. D. Cook's True Boy, 3 yrs. Betting-7 to 4 agst The Shadow, 3to 1 agst Semiseria, 4 to 1 agst Vitellius, and 6 to 1 agst Forester. THE SEFTON STAKES of 30 Soya each, h ft, for fillies now three-yrs old, Bst 71b each. Once round. Ten subs. Lord Eglinton's Egidia (G. Noble) 1 Duke of Richmon's Fragrance.. Sir R. Bulkeley's b by Despot, out of Acanthus (Darling) 3 Betting-5 to 4on Egidia. The Acanthus filly cut out alPithe work to the distance and retired THE PRODUCE STAKES of 50 sovs each, h ft, for three yr-olds • colts, Bst 61b ; and filli es , ' Bst 31b. Two miles. Eight subs. Mr, Mostyn , s General Pollock, allowed 31b.. (Marlow) 1 Lord Westminster's f by Touchstone, out of Maid of Honour, allowed 31b.. (Templeman) 2 General Sharpe's Messalina, allowed 31b.. , . (Marion) 3 Betting-7 to 4on General Pollock. who made the running for the last mile, was challenged half way up the distance, and after a capital race won by a head, ; Mes salina a good third. The first mile was a mere canter. SWEEPSTAKES of 500 sovs each, h ft ; for three-yr-old colts, Bst 81b, and fillies, Bst 31b. Stable corner in. Three subs. Lord Stanley's Aquils Lord Eglintoun's Aristides Betting-5 to 2on Aristides, who had won his race at the distance, but showed temper, shut up, and was beaten by a length and a half. THE MERSEY STAREs of 25 sovs each, with 50 added ; for two-yr-old colts, Bst 71b, and fillies, Bst 31b ; the second to receive £5O out of the stakes. T.Y.C. Se venteen subs. Lord , Westminster's. Fanny Eden, Sister to Auckland (Templeman) 1 Mr Williamson's b c•The Cure...... Mr. M. Jones's BritiA Tar (M. Jones) 3, The following also started but were not placed :—Mr. Robinson's f April Naddy (Butler) ; Sir John Gerard's bl c by Sheet Anchor, out of Lady Fulfordr (Marion) ; Mr. Mostyn's Milton (Marlow) ; Mr. Jaques's Advice (Holmes);- Mr. Gully's Theriacus (Nat) ; Sir R. Bul keley's f by Picaroon, out of Acanthus (Darling) ; and Lord G. Bentinck's Best Bower (Rogers). THE BICKEIISTAFFE STATUS of 100 sovs each, h ft ; for colts, Bst 71b ; and fillies, Bst 11b. One mile. Twelve subs. Lord G. Bentinck's Gaper,. allowed 51b.... (Rogers) 1 Sir R. Bulkeley's Arundo, by Jereed, allowed 31b (Darling) 2 Lord:Stanley's c . by Amurath, ont'of Mysinda, allowed 31b Betting 5 to 0 agst Mysinda o, and 2 to 1 agst Gaper. Gaper waited on the Jeroima colt (Arundo) to the dis tance, and won easy by a length. THE MAIDEN PLATE of £6O,- for horses that never won £5O; three-yr-olds, ist ; four, Sat 51b; five and upwards, Bst 121 b ; mares , &c., allowed 31b ; the se cond receives £.IO-out of the plate. Heats, once round and a dis. Mr. Speed's Evertors,- 3 yr 5......... (Lye) 1 3 4 1 Mr. W. Thompson's Badwell Ash, 4 yrs son 6 1 5 2 Mr. Dawson' s M erry A n d rew, 3 yrs hom (Ha p mby) ) 5• 4 1 dr Lord Chesterfield's c by Gladiator, d by Velo cipede, 3 yrs .... Mr. Price's Gwenderline, 3 yrs... (J. H owlett) 4 5 2 dr Mr.Tallentire'sßatwing,3yrs.. (Whitehouse) 3 dr Won easy. The last heat was run at seven o'clock. THURSDAY. This was as .i ne a d ay as could possibly be desired, and the Trade s ' C up f orm i ng an additional attraction to the day's sp or t, th e course was attended by a larger number of spectators than we ever remember to have seen on any former occasions The following is a return :-- The FOAL STATUES of 100 Sovs each, h ft, for foals of 1840. Colts, Bst 61b ; fillies, Bst 31b. Once round and a distance. (9 subs.) Duke of Ri c h mon d' s b c C ornopean.... (Rogers) 1 Col Anson's b c Armytage Lord Stanley's blbilec Aquilo . (Nat) 3 Lord Eglinton's b e Aristides (Marson) 4 Betting :—Even, and 5 to 4 on Cornopean, and 3 to 1 against Aristides. Aquilo made the running at a good pace, followed by Cornopean, Armytage, and Aristides, in the order stated. At the bottom turn Cornopean took the lead, with Armytage lying at his quarters. A splendid race ensued to the chair, which was won by a neck only. The TRADESMEN'S CUP, or PLATE, value 200 Sovs, given by the Tradesmen of Liverpool, with 104 Sovs given from the Racing Fund, added to a Handicap Sweep stakes of 25 Sovs each, 15 ft, and 5 only if declared on of before the Ist July. Two miles. The winner to pay 30 Sovs to the Judge. The second to receive 50 Sovs from the Stakes. (142 subs.) 78 Mr Meiklam's b c Aristotle, 4 yrs . . (Lye) 178 Mr J L ans h aw ns -b c Eb oracum, 4 yrs. • (Cartwright') 2 6 0 Lord Eglinton's hr c Pompey, 3 yrs.... (Copeland) 3 The following also started :—Collina, Sat 41b ; Knight of-the-Whistle, Bst 41b ; Morpeth, Bst ; Moss Trooper, Bst 41b ; Blue Bonnet, 7st 121 b ; Give-him-a-name, 7st Sib; Thirsk, 7st 81b ; Mus, 7st 71b ; Rhodanthe, 7st 51b ; The Major, 7st; V a k ee l, 6 st 121 b; Cable, Est 101 b; Lytham, Est 611; Recompense, 6st 41b; ch g by Cain, 6st 41b. Betting :--7 to 2 agst-Knight-of-the-Whistle, 4 to 1 agst Pompey, 10 to 1 agst Morpeth, 10 to 1 agst Thirsk, 10 to 1 agst Mus, 12 to 1 agst Aristotle, 15- to 1 agst Moss Trooper, 15 to 1 agst Blue Bonnet, and 100 to 6 agst Eboracum.—There was one false start, in which Pompey broke away from Copeland; Eboracum, Mus, and Give him-a-Natne also started before the signal was given, for which their jockeys were each fined £5.. At the second attempt a beautiful, start was effected. Value of the stakes £1420. The DER BY , HA NDICAP of JO Sovs each, pp, with 80 Sovs added by the Right Hon. the Earl of Derby. One mile. (34 subs.) 610 Mr Jaques's br f Semiseria, 2 yrs .. (Copeland) 1 9 4 Lord Wilton ns ch h Knight -of-the-Whistle, 5 yrs. ...... ....... 5 ... 8 5 Col C ra d oc k' s b h Pagan, yrs .... empleman) 3 The followi ng a l so started :—Alice Hawt (T horn, Marsbal Soult, Ermengardis, Billingham Lass, St Jean d'Acre, Vakeel, Recompense, Mysinda, Atalanta. Betting :--Even, and 5 to 4 on Semiseria, who made all the running, was never headed, and won in a canter by a length. A fine race for second was won by half a length. Billingham Lass wa four Atalnta fifth, Alic Haw thorn sixth, and St. s th, Jean d'Acre a seventh, the e others beaten off. A. FREE HANDICAP of 10 Sovs each, 25 added, for all ages.. One mile and a quarter. (11 subs. Lord G B en ti nc k' s b c St Jean d'Acre, 4 yrs.. bdale) 1 Mr Hornby' s b r g C hampagne, 6 yrs ... (E .... (Oates) 2 Betting to 4on St Jean d'Acre, who made the running, was never headed, and won after a pretty race by a neck. Her MAJESTY'S PLATE, value 100 Guineas. Three olds, year olds, 7st 51b ; four, Oat lib ; five, Oat 111 b ; sixand aged, 10st 21b. Two mile heats. (20 subs.) Mr Elummer's brn Alice Hawthorn, 5 yrs (Heseltine) 1 1 Lord Chesterfield's br g Jack, 3 yrs ...... . (Nye) 2 d Capt Harcourt's b c Sir Abstrupus, 3 yrs.... (Lye) 3 d Col Anson's b c Puncher, 4 yrs ........ (F. Butler) 4 d Lord Miltown's Marius, 5 yrs ...... (Wakefield) dis il/First Heat.—Detting 2 and 3tol on Alice Haw thorn, who took the lead, pulling hard, was never caught, and won in a heat by two lengths. Marius went for the 51b Goodwood allowance. Second Heat. —Alice walked over. A :Yana for £5O was run between Mr Mellor's Miss Lucy (Taggat). and Mr Dubbin 's Grace P yle opwood), which was w on b y the former. A more " (H open" affair we never saw ; th e r i der of Grace Pyle had th e difficulty in pre ven ti ng hi s mare from winning. He greatest was obliged to " cut an d run " after the race or he would have been pretty well handled by the mob. FRIDAY. The GROSVENOR STARES of £l5 each, 5 ft, with 30 added, f or th ree-yr-olds 7st 41b, and four Bst 1011); mares and geldings allowed 31b; 11 subs. Lord Eglinton's bl f Egidia, 3 yrs .... J Howlett—w. o. The LIVERPOOL Sr. LEGER of 45 each, with 100 sous added, for three-yr-old colts Bst 81b, fillies Bst 31b ; the second to receive £5O : one mile and three quarters : 23 subs. Colonel Anson's ch c Napier .............. Butler 1 Mr. D. Cook's b c True Boy, by T0tn i ;0y........ Lye 2 Sir R W Bulkeley's b c Arundo by Jerced .. ..Neale 3 Mr F R Price's ch c Colin C1in k.......... Cartwright 4 Mr. Worthington's br c Hooton, by Despot .. Francis 5 18 paid.—Betting : 5 to 2 on Napier, and 5 to 1 agst True Boy. Sir Richard Bulkeley's colt made the running at an excellent pace, with Colin Clink close at his haunches, followed by True Boy and Hooton, with Napier in the rear. In this order they ran to the bridge turn, when Napier advanced, and, passing Hooton, took his place next to True Boy. Outside the distance the latter took the lead and kept it to the stand, when Napier went up, and won in a canter by a length, After the race, soissommossosmos....,,, beir• 1 , t aft l e a r t el 77 l a Bo distance. Ls iorrmid . Neale complained of Lye's crossing him , " I/ aec ing evidence on the matter, the stewards 01 111. ' favour of True Boy. A A ato ~,i The STAND CUP, value £lOO in specie, ar e p OP dicap Sweepstakes of £l5 each, 10 ft. u °c- 1 s Westminster's t a uley, s Y b ts 7 0 Mr Merry's b c Cable, 4 yrs ...... "i„, * ;; ' , 0 10 710 Mr W H Hornb 's br Champagne' Car ,G 11 ,0 i 7 0 Lord Sligo's b f Winter, 3 yrs •••• • • • 1 1 /e 4O Betting :-5 to 4 agst Cable, 4 to 1 8 7 Lord Howth's b h Morpeth , 5 Yr s " lii'o 4 rPe P " se agst o so °, to 1 agst Forester, and 6 to 1 agst ChainPageeeollon•O away with a good lead at a rattling P,segliosr,il4 Martyr, Cable, Forester, Morpetb, ann, `,T, till arlrisl, order stated. Champagne contioued risingusettlO of a mile from home, when Cable p"ededi" lenged him, and after a desperate race, sn ° ', - e ek. ~ ting up in the last few strides, and won bY a h 54 The STANLEY STAKES of £l5 each, 10 fr,v • li t ); fillie',s for two-year-olds Est 121 b, and three 9st 2 `,,i e stss e. hbFgogrAelsatertry,rs,4yrysr.s:::Cope .41 geldings allowed 21b : the second to save P l' i tet 'S' subs. nailing' hitt Mr F R Price's bl fby Piccaroon, 2 yrs. • - - N ir floir 3 Duke Lord Guf Richmond's ßentinck's br b c IBest Flagrance,Bower ,32yyrr05..... .. 0 0 : Sir J Gerard's b c Voltaire .. .... . ...... "*Or e Ate ol Lord Chesterfield ns b c Therfacus, 2 Yr s 2 . s ist ,Ve r Betting : 5 to 2 agst Best Bower, st° - tss '••iir. colt, 4 to 1 agst Theriacus, and 4 to offsgst.th t be 00. Best Bower and Flagrance jumped w i . te d• fog abreast, and it looked like a match to O r e ; a ge!, • little Darling brought up his mare, and lu te ' he' , ~,,, t won by a neck. The Voltaire colt was last ''''' ,h b fli The KNOWSLEY DINNER STAKES of £ lO O efocePlatio, colts Bst Glb, fillies Bst 21b, now yearlingseq u der e 'as Colonel Anson's ch c Napier ... ...... • F. ' 4 w hirl', A T i h rs e .i x J S ao E nde L s r a N bg e G gd STAKES T, stb :iw aini , nna aged..... sweepstakesfive ............................... 70 added; three-yrs-old 7st, four Bst 41b, 00 ,t le Lord receiveC 61b ; mares and eldin allowed 31b ; t o u h e s , 1 01 Mr lkir J j W Me a g le ° Mr. Lancaster's be e The Prior, 4 yrs Tein leD3 d 1 V Sir W M Stanley's b c Pensive, Y ' " h. L tl Y e - 4 .0 1 :4 yrs l' Lord G Bentinck's b c St. Jean de Acre, 4 Y 3 0 e Chesterfield's rrn s fi, o ,sse v lb s bdrl : heats, 1 . l ei ; er e 2: ! 0 n a te go , heat, 2 to 1 0n22:2:ri0z._._::_...:..ivi1tj......,).........e ts 0 :1 8 a 4 1 3 yrs Betting :-First heat, 3 to 2 agst Vite,,,l. to e; Al bed T i o r n uk e t e n a L E season- R ioo f r o N r heat, 7 to 2 agst the Prior, and 3 to 1 act llf oe ; fa' sf e TA N iu " p i gt t o e u l er l y, i u 43, yr35ry5r.5....w.........;...t.i-,:usset; 0 otps. t: heat, 13 to Bon the Prior, 6to begst T i P lefer il. atandsTheside a little Gt t h. braced,common m m o andn honesti t is so pr women'sof o u nd , thimblesthat u m i ; e t : l i es- - -- g c b t et ro c tl e:s t cb- bi . e le 6ndite ?; oo l man putteth a pea, demonstrating the sa u lb e t be Or „ n e 1,4 genious passenger ; he bets the passe •e g er b"ch "•• 0' shift the thimbles so that he cannot ten w ',, eg er E g o , ' that has the pea under it , the ingenious Pri ss ',d 0460 superior -bets-watches ;he thimble in its rati tbs'„iof does not lose sight of it once-touches it ana q'b e call# not the pea under it, but another. Nnw',i,sbles'isti wight with the table, while shifting fis t t"thisie,,.o.• adroitly jerked the from th ` 07 ; 0 pea underunder a 6 . ~. his hand, and afterwards dropped it a s ill .ocl that the more the ingenious passengers sineileceeajdf ing the errant thimble, the more he doesn' t re ,ssV. t bet. The Times says that a single carPelle4oO,st„fices,'' o construct 65 thimble 'gg' tables for xi-',coali low -riing where are three , tbe 1 0 . If dozen e a ~0 each. Each " worker" has some ha tbre,6 tituo so, says the leading Journal, there must But if v:„ Is ~, hundred thimble-riggers on the course. n y On i 'ce . '; gives 400 swindlers on the course h°v r t u f t 's - Pr' e r - or there he ? that is a sum in the r ule ' s of Por ter P be worked in the next session of Mr. r ° ` .- of the nation.--Spectator. E ' iAf i SP ' BANKING AND COMMERCI•'- eEnnß T dgi h_ lnka e ngn e dt.N. ~.x h , p e_f o olv2 r i t stt o h: f Feociffßo coal ju Truhinid ---- , twee t Y a resie t., THE TWEED B A.N dividend i 'd "- ic.-A 0 ~; , ,t 0 i in the pound has been d 1 d n tbe in`" sfrle ec are o _ ir of Mr J 1 W . l . oin i son, of the Tweed Dan"•,, „ from O from Bristol tons in the year 1841, to 2181 tons in 1021° ~ o third. - RIGGI NG. s e fi g t gsa IS ina T re h a e se av o e f rag x e 4, s o t 2 o 7 c , k oo43 f , bullion c ' arap be a,e c u l a nbd w e l ,feh rt°lllel e o ec f t c .- •' ‘ ' I SOW or °th A e o oo e°lllef°ll l ll e i nv the"24th iocrertit stated to be £11,873,900, which 'show aj o ntb , a t tori v. £548,000, as compared with the previaos iii, di e lir „ cit .-- .i.O „ig ii. - o p de Lyon states that water-pipes reaned-oade 7,00 d; covered with a coating of bitumen , beinga la ' ll3 , -- es , A , into each other, with bitumen joints' ar i f ; t: e t V tured at Rive-de-Gier. These' ) • s w ' - ' 1 f '' pipe es o ti bear a higher degree of pressure than t hose so li and are 30 per cent. cheaper. 00 re # ~ id en d tb,ol At the Union of London Bank the 02 ° 0 400u " - 4d f"01 rate of 5 per cent. per annum, &ling •••' 3s• • .efol a „..,, 2 9, 400 served fund, . , id, which now amounts to .s.'"The balsa is invested in Government securities. ~,,,, co..d, •OS. unappropriated profits was stated at I.:29,wai_iclea A this would leave. after the payment of tbe d ft i 'o 0 , 1 1 es 4 of income tar.. the addition to the reserv e „loin' , A deduction of £5OO in liquidation of tbe 1 4 ftri „ n og.," penses, a surplus of £6,317 6s. 2d. t the f° . 'bei 3tr :tti V THE DISTRICT _ _ BANK.--We extract ge ss fs ,,• tte / Iviessrs. Raillon's Share Circular :-Th e , deef, Ve t/ Liverpool District Bank is preparing a n g e „",;pita l ",.0 .. 10 4° 0' ment to reduce the liability by call 0 , ••••,;. apP•a s s per pounds per share on the 75,000 ,shares 0 ° e ijer e .4s rt, be con olli 15 -towards which. ten pounds are to ,0, s bet ea ready • paid, and on which a dividend 0 , ne ce lo 4 ,re nliwoee,elkiB:4o2N.. isla.,,iii ;:tone:ripat. share is declared for the half-year ending '''• per 1842-together with a bonus of five sbilO ge 5 0 ,, e 0 ' Huddersfield, hich i s now Manchester, t s hei g h t ; signing the new deed. HANtBURGII TRADE.-The -- i e ry , the - ,ir both • taking out and bringing in verY c „.o l, 0 a n of anierst they destio s decitzti 4 fortyimports consting, as to bulk, chic& n . .rts' covite , rot. unmburgh2teesauleetr:sst9:l°, consisting very largely,pf bale goods--w°ol° arb i/3 „te r i le' silks, cotton-twist, &e. 4; with hardware' tkeY "• f olf Or spatched by railway, steamers, and The steamers are bringit?g no live cattle; oa s tri t Aii better employed. The wool is, instantlY re ft,f ° .. 11 sm all f l oes* and the elletis, er y, 6 1, ..j 1 The London Joint-stock I3on and o Paper. tor 9 deo" V Or dividend at the rate of 6 per cent. t° 1 ,, sta b % 01 , e s £5,000 from their guarantee fond, po w to frole t t , £90,003 15s. 9d., to regulate this PaY tne- apP lie- ii° 0' holders, the balanceofprofit an loss e fore tlirs,s• the r tb e an dividend being £12,183 17 rd and "car sa , Aar e! je .- 0 0 cient to this extent for meeting the cleu' 0 tro' to to' tors wish to continue. The depression °tbe love ePIII6 abundance of unemployed capital, with to to r set interest, are sufficient causes, a ccordin t g„ e ofits• „ r oe t si account for this temporary decrease` 0, r ~ the r t ioo 4 o THE W INE TRADE.-Thefolio wing 17 c oo pi , 00 r t oe arrangement of the long-pending fine s ,,l o , to,„ties, fir, return of duty, a n t o wine merchants st°' 1 ., of duties, in the event of reat for the reductio trie s. e 0, 0 6 „ s i n g COO P 00 0 nt b as s' made with any of y • the wine-V .o ' olv• 11 fr g's i. duty is to be returned to dealers. o .. ~,, 0 , 0 wine to be consumed on the Premin tbe te cl ip t li the benefit of the return unless.th e Y -1 °e ,clip ' 1., he e ell license. Dealers to be excluded o' o or 00, 0 ;1 1 osr wine, or wine from the Channel,lslands;urood°`bistepsi same premises. 2. The duty will he r e ip the.° the i will be mada tu o t n he th g e utt a n d u tit al y wine as may be henceforth cleared frr'fooa of Ott' tie k dirc:4lo, 04, Provided a stock equal thereto shall b, e , t ion T e o 0 , 4 0 ler's possession at the time of the re ,'e,,-",.ed, the re_ e t is the stock be less than the quantity c'eli . 're f ra'or, turn vi i n de s t ,u o tiv e %3 tion, or if any other foreign limited, however, or French wine, within two years. Pre vi •thin toartjer . , o f the v t i e clar' - it? ' before, even if the stock should exceei,r of tl!,000,,, Declarations are to be forthwith c alled s u aro ins t P in !,, il l stocks at present, to be tested by an e to keP o or" ; 1 0/ 0 dealer, open to the inspection stock and bin books. 4. IS. book is ~e ei se ad, sad which shall be entered the stock no s° • reiL ° err aliv e reie t tcl account of all wines received in or - g ta•vo g separate account of wine exported. are tised Pyr e TRADE WITH THE EAST.---Tile COligorafia.ftbeto Sere of the number of British ships entered In i • to its li e d ber • • the I joy°. 5t 4 1° outwards from and to places within 1 i ts 0 , Is t o ~e s 4 t OO India Company's charter, from tne„o3, P k e 0 30th of June, in the years 1842 and i to th e o f tP to to l , prepared by Mr. Stikeman, secret statement the it ,_, and China Association. From the stal.e.tbSt 191 ooFii and tonnage entered inwards, it aPPetbile , n o f io 5 ,1 1842 was 442 ships, and 172,820 tons, ; e ase 0 ,4 6 tO L': lls 9l io c t i o l ig e e s i d : o , o : g, : , 391 ships, 159,719 tons, being a i ae a t Va i lOtiik, I 13,101 tons. The number entereSS„ s bjpS, io lgOslno ships, 122,031 tons, in 1842, and 21yo tossfoos 00 5, 0 1 in 1843 ; at Liverpool 106 ships , 43 '; orist ° o l 99 l 4o oo se 85 ships 36,321 tons, in 184 3 ; „ 3 ' c bips• ''4,9 0 ,.g 0t e ,,,r1 ships, 2,565 tons, in 1842, and "v. - s hiPs;rbe l'ilwir 1843 ; and at Clyde, Leith, 8.:e., *Lijs4 3. ) v OW 13ilir 1842, and 27 ships, 9,868 tons , in,,,,, spir,; t ribill'ile tirt' crease has been in the ship Ping from at ' PO P , tius, being set down for the f0re0.,,,6 to age o f e d t i oo tons, and for the latter 31 s h ips , 71 is oreeim j eo4o,ior ping from Calcutta there has bee n a e f the 10 1 90 to svo o ' 14,432 tons. From the statemelll_, t he o_ lo 5 .6 0 nage cleared outwards it appears To it w 50/ J 11 9 400 ) 463 ships, 205,314 tons; while 0f ShiPS ; DiP P ; O ifif 155,154 tons, being a decrease 0 was 260 in % ,/ J l , The number cleared from Lon,R°ol4 toes , ' fl d l'e es' e l tid tons, in 1812, and 195 s hips,. 1 ''''in toes, j4011043'00:, Liverpool, 110 ships, 50,19 0 te,,, ne lstol all i e 4,111 rit 45,371 tons, in 1843; from Bri stol 014 ton• e si to r t 2,636 tons, in 1842, and 1 shiPP,,,e,33„,,Ohe pri 0, 6 01 1 from the Clyde, Leith, Sz.c., 85143. l io baY' iv_,Pll .4 l and 79 ships, 29,502 tons , in d for 9.,:icottiliforde As crease has been in ships elea re for v 5 fo ke a s 'or.' amounts to 33 ships, 24,808 tons tons' an i P e a ill 0 Or ; amounts to 17 ships, 11,137 3,210 tons' e no r tt o ! t io where it amounts to 11 ships, o ,er s t i l e r io li l' i i ios is certainly serious both in the n edo rci t ° 01 ), °" to i lfi e c er o and cleared outwards; but with r,,t'jerati_nod„ the 10 6 cumstance is to be taken into comical' svrci e r los , Os e t 5 Ch OP the amount of ships and tool o f lid 04 cease sual extent during the first hal lois and s for t be stant transmission of troop - f o re, • ht• 1 1 commercial point of view, there first sig - st ire formidable 1 •ht seem at lest e lil l t i as i might s al e ,at ,be _Ace li" p e l ' oe' err ''rely e s _e tbe el ) THE CusTom-HOUSE AGA l: %hor tl ' e 0 124 some strange disclosures maY cubicbo h sl i i t a to certain bll transactions, ill ~ c ostO of the higher departments Of the I gaged,-Times, THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD.