The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1852-05-18 00:00:00

, AT REDUCED PRICES. T. WALKER'S wiNDow BLIND MANUFACTORY 133, TV HICECILIPEL , Opposite Great Charlotte-stre (4 . ESTABLISHED 1513, BY FRANCIS PINNEY. . DE BLINDS. IN STOCK, 2000 VENETIA, ALTZE WIRE AND A '6 THEN. BLINDS, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. LONDON CHAIR WAREHOUSE rwi,:uranct Notirts. OFFICE ESTABLISHED FOR_ THE INSURANCE OF ALL P KINDS OF ROPERTY IN TOWN AND COUNTRY. T OANS ON REAL AND PERSONAL SECURITY GRANTED J BY THE ROYAL FARMERS' and GENERAL FIRE and LIFE ASSURANCE and LOAN and ANNUITY COMPANY ESTABLISHED 1840. CAPITAL, £5C0,000._/ — Fire and Life Insurance of every dee' Prospectuses ma' be obtained of Office, 346, Strand, London. effected. Agents, orattie Head Mr. WM. CLEAVE AGE> / Nl,%<. SHAW, Managing Director, , 2, Elliot-street, Clayton-square, C FOR LIVERPOOL. MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE. S COTTISH PROVIDENT INSTITUTION HEAD-OFFICE, 14, ST. ANDREW-SQUARE, EDINBURGH. THE FOURTEENTH ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING of the Contributors to this Society was held in the waterloo rooms, Edinbargh, on Wednesday, the lstb February : Mr. WILLIANI FRASER, Writer to the Signet, the Senior Director, in the Chair. The CHAIRMAN, after thanking the Meeting for placing him in the chair, adverted in terms of congratulation to the details of the Society's progress. Alluding to the steady increase of their business, he said—l need not say that the Directors have taken no undue means to procure it. They have adhered to those rules of administration which have always received your cordial approval, and have steadily resisted every inducement to purchase favour by conforming tre practices which they consider objectionable in principle/ At the same time, they have continued to give the greate attention to the selection of lives ; and their care in this e xpect is apparent from the it rate of mortality experienced, hick still continues far below the rate indicated by the tablis, which give the highest estimate of life. In illustration of r care, I may refer to the Irish business, which is g enera - regarded as one of a rather hazar dous description. But ith us—confining ourselves to a few and selected localities it has been fully as good as in the best districts of Scotland England : one agency, established ten years since, which S sent in about £9,000 of Premiums, has not yet produced a single claim upon the Society. There is one matter which it remains for me to bring under your notice, and to which your sanction is to be asked. It has been always a subject of anxious consideration with the direc tors to withdraw from the Policies all restrictions and condi lions of forfeiture which are not essential to safety ; and you are aware that a great deal was done by this Society, a few years since, to remove such restrictions. The grounds of for feiture in case of death by duelling, by the bands of justice, or by suicide, if beyond six months from the date of the policy, were then removed ; and it was further established that no mere innocent error, or omission to state what, though impor tant, might not at the time have been within the knowledge of the contracting party, should be a ground of future challenge against the Policy. The exception of a mis-statement of the age was then retained, in order to check carelessness in regard to a matter on which the amount of premium depended, and which, with ordinary care, might he sufficiently determined ; but the Directors were, at the same time, empowered to correct the consequences of any accidental or unintentional error in this respect. A great advance was thus made in giving to the Policies of the Institution a character of unquestionable security; but more enlarged experience has satisfied the Directors that they may, with perfect safety, and without a departure from any great principle, go further in the same direction ; and they now feel themselves quite prepared cordially to recommend the adoption of resolutions to which, in concert with other Scottish Life Assurance Companies, they signified their assent, and by which, at a comparatively early period after assurance, every restriction will, to the great body of the Policyholders, be removed, and the value of their Policies, as marketable securities, be placed beyond doubt. You are aware that, by the existing regulations, a Member being beyond the limits of Europe, or entering into Naval or Military service, or dying at sea, except within certain spcci- Eed limits, forfeits his Policy, unless ne has previously ob tained a license from the Directors. It is part of the reso lutions to be submitted for your approval, that the Directors be empowered, in the case of Members whose circumstances or prospects in life preclude the possibility of any of these conditions of the Policy being violated, to grant a certificate to Members applying for it, that. if these are not infringed within five years, they shall then prescribe, and shall not thereafter be a ground of forfeiture. With such a certificate, and the age be sufficiently proved and admitted, which has never been found an insurmountable difficulty, the Policy will become a document of debt absolutely unchallengeable upon any ground whatever save one. viz., that of fraud or inten tional falsehood, in retaining which, as a ground of challenge which cannot be abandoned, the Directors feel confident that they will carry with them the feelings and judgment of the contributors. To those Members whose circumstances - will exclude them from the benefit of the proposed resolutions, it must be satis -factory to know that the fundamental laws of the Institution (as fixed at your meeting three years ago) secure their Policies against challtiike on ground' of innocent error; and this is to ue kept in view as an advantage which your Society still offers Over every other Scottish Institution. Copies of the law as it at present stands, with the alterations proposed, have been placed in your hands. After the reading of the Report, these will also he read ; and it will then rest upon you to decide whether they shall be adopted. Mr. C. W. ANDERSON laid on the table the Report from the Directors. He referred to the steady and progressive increase of the Society, which is exhibited in the Tabular view now subjoined. REPORT BY THE DIRECTORS. The new business effected during the past year is again con siderably in advance of that of any preceding year. The proposals accepted have been 677, assuring a sum of .e. 174,775 ; and on these the premiums payable yearly, for life or for a term of years, amount to £7,663 Is. A censidernble sum has also been received for Premiums by single payment. At the close of the year there had been issued in all 5,236 Policies, assuring nearly £1,300,030. The amount of sub sisting assurances was then 1,866,488. The Accumulated Fund amounted to £207,803, and the yearly income to about .X 61,504. The amount of the claims which have emerged last year is £23,450, by the death of 36 members. This is still a very small proportion, considering the increased age of the Insti tution and the orge number over whom the casualties are spread. It will be in the recollection of the Contributors that impor- ' tant Resolutions were adapted by this Institution three years since, having for their object the removal of many of the grounds of forfeiture to which the Policies of Members wera previously subject. Subsequent experience has confirmed the Directors in their opinion of the soundness of the resolutions then adopted, and they have now the satisfaction of submitting to the Contributors suggestions for extending them still fur ther. In the course of last year the Directors, in concert with other Life Insurance Offices, had under consideration how far, consistently with safety and propriety, additional immunities could be granted, with the view of increasing the commercial value of the Policies and the sense of security in the minds of the Members. They have resolved, with the sanction pre scribed by the Constitution, to recommend to the Contributors that the 7th and Bth Articles of the Laws should be altered in the terms to be submitted to this Meeting. By the proposed alterations, the Directors (under certain necessary precautions) are to be empowered, on application, to make arrangements by which the great body of the Members will be secured, after a fixed period, from any charge for addi tional premiums, in the event of their going beyond the limits of Europe, or entering into Military or Naval service; and generally to exempt their Policies from every ground of forfei ture whatever, excepting fraud or intentional falsehood. The effect of these alterations must be to enhance greatly the value of the Policies as marketable securities; and the Directors feet satisfied that they secure the Institution against any appreci able risk, by providing that the exemption shall not in any case take effect until after the lapse of five years from the date of the Policy. This Report, with the severalstates appended, and the Report by the Auditors were read. Mr. ROBERT MACFARLANE, Advocate, moved—That the Meeting approve of the Report now read; and further approve of and adopt the alterations on the 7th and Bth Articles of the Laws and Regulations sebmitted lay the Directors. Mr. GEORGE HOPE, Fenton Barns, East Lothian, seconded the motion, which was unanimously adopted. On the motion of the Rev. Dr. STEVEN, of Trinity College Church, seconded by Mr. HUNTER, Publisher, the thanks of the Meeting were given to the Directors for their services du ring the past year. Thanks were also voted to the Local Boards, to the Auditors and Trustees, and to the Officebearers ; end the Management Laving been constituted for the ensuing year, the Meeting separated after a vote of thanks to their Chairman. TRUSTFES. Sir William Johnstyn, of Kirkhill. Charles Cowan, Esq., M.P. John Masterman, jun., Esq., Banker, London. William Campbell, Esq., of Tillechewan. James Peddie, Esq., W.S. DI RECTORS. Robert Hunter, Esq., Advocate, Sheriff of Buteshire. Francis Richardson. Esq.. Merchant. James Cathcart, Esq., Merchant. John Auld, Esq. W.-. David Hector, Esq., Advocate. C. W. Anderson, Esq., Merchant, Leith. Charles Morton, Esq., W.S. Donald Smith Peddie, Esq., Accountant. Hugh Rtdpath, Esq.. Merchant. John Sinclair, Esq., City-clerk. James Stirling. Esq., Civil-engineer. William Nelson, Esq„ Publisher. John Hunter, Esq., Auditor of the Court of Session. John Parker, Esq., Inland Revenue-office. Charles Lawson, jun., Esq., Seedsman. AUDITORS. James Crawford, jun., Esq., W. S. Alex. Bryson, Esq., Watchmaker. William Brand, Esq., A .S., Secretary to the ,—T Union 13"1" BANKERShe National Bank of Scotland. MEDICAL OFFICERS. Sir George Ball ingall, Professor of 111ilit James Dinichn, Esq., M.D., 12, Hei MANAGER—James Watson. l SECRETARY tary Surgery. mot-row. —John Watson. BIENNIAL PROGRESS OF THE BUS LAST TEN YEARS. [NESS IN THE Amount of New Assurances. Annual Premiums on these. in Years.' Number of New Policies. 1842 1 1843 I 510 1844 1 1845) 658 1846 1 888 1847 1848 1 997 3849) 1850 1 1,269 1851 1 240,435 /6,551 281,052 404,734 410,933 533,137 THE SCOTTISH PROVIDENT INSTITUTION (Incorporated by Act of Parliament) i s th e only Scottisll l7th e in which the advantages Of MUTUAL AssuaANcs can-b-e—ocbe_ tamed at .MODERATE PREMIUMS. The Assured are, same time, specially exempt from personal liability. While, as a Mutual Society, it secures the WHOLE Piton,. to the Members, its Premiu ms are about as low a s those of the Non-Pat ticipating scale of the Proprietary Companies. The principle on which the Profits are divided is at on ce safe, equitable, and favourable to good lives , the Surplus being re. served for those Members ivlio alone can have made Surplus Payments; in other words, for those whose Premiums, with accumulated Interest, amount to the sums in their Policies. ANNUAL PREMIUMS TO INSURE .elOO AT DEATH. Age 25 .. f 1 18 0I Age 35 .. 610 I Age 45 .. 0 4 1 1 „30 .. 2 1 @ 40 .. 214 9 9. 50 5 The same Premium which at awe 30, for example, is charged in the other Scottish M utual Offices for Assurance of £l,OOO, r ill secure in this Society a Policy of Copies of the Annual Reports (the last is now ready), Forms of Proposal, andevery information, may be had on application. AGENT FOR LIVERPOOL,—JOHN REID, General Commission Merchant, 13, Oldhall-street. MEDICAL OFFICER —Dr. GEE, 10, O x f or d- street. Edinburgh _arch, 1852. M THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, TUESDAY, MAY 18, 1852. CROSSE AND BLACKWELL, PURVEYORS IN ORDINARY TO HER MAJESTY, FSPFCTFULLV invite the attention of the 1: Nobility and Gentry to the following rich SAUCES and CONDIMENTS : SOYER 'S RELISH. Thisj ustly celebrated Sauce s newt n universal use E1T0117,11- out the world. The great renown acquired by M. Soy cu, having induced the. ntroduction of several i mitations of his Relish, purchasers are requested particularly to observe that every genuine bottle hears his Portrait on the Label, accompa nied by the names of his Wholesale Agents. SOYER , S SAUCE. Of this Sauce, two distinct varieties are prepared, both simi lar in flavour and alike in excellence. One is delicately mild, produced expressly to suit the palate of the Ladies; the other, fur Gentlemen, is of a much warmer description. ROYAL TABLE SAUCE.—A new Sauce of a peculiarly de licious and piquant flavour, lately introduced by them. It has received ❑niversal commendation from the most distinguished epicures, and is already in very general use at the tables of the Nobility and the principal London Clubs. SOHO SAUCE.—The distinguished patronage this Sauce has obtained w,•rrants the proprietors in recommending it as one of the best Sauces extant, possessing a peculiarly rich and piquant flavour, which renders it a most desirable adjunct for Game. Stakes, Made Dishes, Sz.c. DINMORE'S ESSENCE OF SHRIMPS.—One of the most delicious Sauces ever introduced for imparting a relish to all kinds of boiled and fried Fish, and being milder than the Es• sence of Anchovies. has met with a decided preference ; the true flavour of the Shrimp is fully retained. TRUE MADRAS CURRY, AND MULLIGATUNNY PASTE AND CHATTNYS. Messrs. BARRIE and Co., Ve pery, Madras, to enable their old correspondents returning from India to continue the use of these celebrated Condiments, have made arrangements to forward regular supplies of the above, packed in glass jars for family use.. ESSENCE OF ANCHOVIES, in the preparation of which none but the best Gorgona Fish are used. SIR ROBERT PEEL'S SAUCE, for general purposes; each bottle is labelled with a fac-simile of the late Right Hon. Baro net's letter of approval. STRASBOUIi6 MEATS.—This delicious preparation sur passes every description of Potted Meat _yrt - tntroduced to public notice ; the flavour is full and rich, yet at the same time so mild and bland that the most jjrricate and fastidious palate is pleased. It is also very ea of digestion, and adapted to weak stomachs. • ESSENCES OF HE AND SPICES of all kinds, for purposes of flavouriu . The above, toget with their other rich Sauces, and supe rior Pickles, (pr ared in pure Malt Vinegar,) which have for so many years itained universal preference. may be procured from most re pectable Sauce Vendors in the United Kingdom. and the principal Stores in India and the Colonies. Wholesale Warehouse, 21, Soho-square. London. IN CHANCERY-INJUNCTION. MILNER V. HARRISON. LL N application was made on Thursday, the 25th IA September, before his Honour Vice-Chancellor Sir George Turner, at Bath, on behalf of Mr. William Milner, as Executor of the late Thomas Milner, the Patentee of an inven tion of " Improvements in Boxes, Safes, or other Depositories for the Protection of Papers or other materials from Fire," for an injunction to restrain the defendant, John German Harri son, of Liverpool, his agents, servants, &c., from making, using, putting in practice, or vending, or procuring to be made, &c., during the remainder of the term mentioned in the Letters Patent g ranted to Mr. Thomas Milner, any Boxes, Safes, or other dpositories made in such or the like manner, or on the same or the like principle as the said Thomas Mil ner's Invention, or in anywise counterfeiting, imitating, or resembling the said . Invention _ _ . Mr. 'Webster appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. Shebbeare for the defendant, and affidavits in support of and in opposition to the motion were read. Milner's invention consisted in the use of substances, distribirted in an absorbent material in spaces between the outer and inner casings of the Box, which substances, when exposed to heat, evolved steam or moisture, the combined effect of the moisture and the material, kept humid, protecting the Safes, enclosing papers, &c., from fire. The defendant sold Safes and Boxes, which lie represented to be made under a Patent granted to Messrs. Tann, of Lon don. but which the plaintiff contended were substantially made according to Milner's Invention, and were an infringe ment on his Patent. An action had been brought by the plaintiff against the defendant for the infringement, and tried in June last, before Lord Chief Justice Campbell and a special jury, and a verdict found for the plaiptiff, the defendant's counsel tendering a Bill of Exceptions to the directio n o f th e learned judge on the construction of Mr. Milner's specification. Notwithstanding this verdict, the defendant Harrison had continuel to sell the Boxes and - fes complained of, and the affidavits filed by the plaintiff owed the recent sale by defen dant of a Safe, which scienti witnesses stated was substan tially the same as those pro don the trial, and found to be an infringement. This was erified by Doctor Muspratt whose analysis accompanied his, tfidavit. The affidavit of Mr. John Tann stated that lie believed this Safe had been made by him and his partners, and he alleged that it was made according to their specification His Hoxoua stated the principle on which the Court inter fered in cases of this kind, and observed that Tann's specifi cation appeared to contemplate only a dry non-conductor to stop the heat, whereas Milner's created a further obstruction to the fire, by producing at the period when the fire began to act on the box an effusion of steam, which pervaded the non conducting material with moisture, and thereby protected the Safe and its contents. His Honour adverted to the ong enjoy ment of the Patent which 'was granted in 1840, the result of the trial at law, and the clear opinioni n the plaintiff's favour expressed by the Lord Chief Justice, and in which his Honour concurred, stating that lie considered Milner's was a Patent claiming every mode by which the liquid. &c., might he em ployed to moisten the absorbent material; and he concluded by granting the injunction in the terms of the motion. PRESERVATION OF BOOKS, DEEDS, &c., FROM FIRE, COURT OF QUEEN S BENCH, JUNE 23RD, 1851, BEFORE LORD CAMPBELL AND A SPECIAL JURY. MILNER r. HARRISON. (Me latter selling Tanu's Safes and Boxes, and adrertisinq himself as soie proprietor of 7ann's Patent Safes, Chests, .5-c.) The above trial was instituted for the purpose of vindicating the exclusive right, on the part of the Plaintiff, of applying liquids, or materials evolving moisture on the application of heat, together with ether absorbent materials, within the chambers of Boxes, Safes, or Depositories, calculated to per vade the chambers and contents of the safes with moisture and steam, when heated by fire, thereby preserving the papers from ignition. Mr. Crowder, Q.C., Mr. M. Chambers, Q.C., and Mr. Webster, appeared for the Plaintiff; and Sir F. The tiger, Mr. Knowles, Q.C., and Mr. Hindmarsh, for the Defen dant. After the case had been stated by Mr. Crowder evidence was given by Mr. Grantham, of Liverpool, Civil Engineer and Surveyor •f Steamers to the Board of Trade; Mr. Samuel Woods, jun., of London, formerly of Liverpool ; Mr. J. W. Pitcher, of Liverpool ; Mr. Alderman Bennett, Ironfounder, •f Liverpool ; Dr. Sheridan Muspratt, Professor of Chymistry, Liverpool; Mr. John Smith, President of the Guardian Society, Liverpool ; Mr. B. Woodcroft, Professor of Machinery at the University College, London ; and by Mr. John Owens, one of the foremen of NI ilner's Works for the last twenty years, on the utility, originality, &c., of Nlitner's Safes—of which upwards of 25,000 are now in use—and also of the infringe ment of Nlilner's Patent by the Defendant, who was proved to have used the very materials in the Safes and Boxes he had tested and sold, which he had seen used by the Plaintiff's firm, when in their service as Shopman, from 1846 to 1849. This was followed by Sir F. Theaiger's reply for the Defendant, who called several witnesses, but whose testimony, on cross-exami nation, completely established the Plaintiff's case. Mr. Crowder finally addressed the Jury on the facts, and Lord CAMPBELL then summed up. This, he said, was an action for the infringement of a patent granted on the 26th of August, 1840, for certain alleged improvements in boxes for the protection of papers from fire. The deferdant set up several defences, which he would not take exactly in their proper order. Ist. He said that there was no proper specifica tion of this patent. 2dly. That Milner, the patentee, was not the inventor; also, that it was not a new invention, that it was not a useful invention ; and that, at all events, the defendant had not infringed the patent. He had taken the evidence very fully, and if the jury thought it would assist them he would read it over. The Jury intimated that they did not think it necessary. Lord CAMPBELL then said, he should shortly direct their attention to the several qnesti,ns they were to determine, for they were all for their determination. With regard to the in fringement, lie would repeat the direction he had before given them. Here was the specification, and although be thought this issue was hardly disputed, they must consider whether an ordinary workman, of ordinary skill, looking at it, could make one of the boxes it described. The witnesses had said that an ordinary workman, in their judgment, would be able to do so. The next issue was with regard to the novelty of the inven tion. The third and fourth were so much alike that they might be taken as part of the same question. It lay on the plaintiff to show that this was a new invention, and if he gave prima facie evidence that it was ro, the defen dant would have to show that it was not. Now there was cer tainly strong evidence on the part of the plaintiff to show that it was new. It was for them to say whether it was properly an invention for the protection of papers against fire. The papers were locked in an iron box, having cases enclosed, leaving chambers between t• e two cases, and the object was to have some substance that would give out a moisture upon the appli cation of the heat, and the steam thus produced was to be in closed in the box and moisten the papers so that they might be preserved from the effects of fire. There had been several wit nesses of respectability on both sides, although several of those called for the defendant had only recently turned their atten tion to this subject. Several witnesses for the plaintiff said that, although there bad been an addition to the old safe which consisted merely of a single iron box, a mode having been in troduced of having an outer box, the great object was to in troduce some non-conducting substance, so that the operation of heat might be retarded as much as possible; but that there was nothing until Mr. Milner's patent to moisten the papers by the operation of steam. On the part of the defendant, he chiefly relied on Marr's and Chubb's patents, and it would be for them to say whether those patents were not confined to introducing non-conductors. The object of both was to save papers from destruction, but the mode and operation was the question in dispute. He had been puzzled to know the difference between the two patents of Marr and Chubb, and he afterwards found from one of the witnesses that there was no distinction between them. They both had non-conductors in the inner case, but neither seemed to have had the slightest contemplation of any liquid, as their object was rather to have substances as dry as possible, but had no notion of a liquid which was to be condensed into steam t• moisten the papers in the inner case. They had heard the evidence, and it would be for them to say whether they were satisfied that the invention which Mr. Milner set out in his specification was known before the date of his patent. If they thought it was, thex would find thht issue for the defendant ; and if they thought it was not,they would find it forthe plaintiff. The third and fourth issues were substantially the same, being that Mr. Milner was not the inventor, and the invention was not new. If Mr. Milner was the inventor, the invention was new; and if he was not the inventor, it was not new. Then came the issue of whether it was useful, and he must say he had been astonished to find such strong evidence of its useful ness. Up to this hour he had no idea that there were any human means of so effectually preserving papers from the action of fire. It appeared that, by means of the condensation of steam, the papers enclosed in the inner box were rendered moist. It was a comfort for one to know that there was an in vention, by which valuable documents might be rendered secure, notwithstanding the terrible calamity of fire breaking out in a house. Although the defendant had thought fit td say it was not useful, be was really at a loss to say what evidence there was to raise any doubt as to its utility; but the question was for them alone. Now came the direction he should give them in point of law, and in this they must he guided by what he said. He thought there might be an infringement, although the de fendant did not use vessels, pipes, or tubes for containing the liquid. All the rest lie left to them ; but he only said that it was not indispensably necessary that the defendant should use pipes, tubes, or artificial vessels, but they were to consider whether the evidence was sufficient to convince them that the defendant had infringed the patent. They would bear in mind that respectable professors from King's College, and other seminaries of learning, had been called for the defendant, and they would consider whether they disproved the infringement. Tann's patent could only be evidence on the ground of infringe ment, for it was not taken out until nearly four years after Milner's; but if, as it would appear that Harrison sold Tann's boxes, he could not say that they were not to look to Tann's specification, if they came to the conclusion that tne boxes made by Tann were the same as those Milner described in his specifi cation. They were to look on all the evidence on either side bearing on these issues ; and if they thought that, although the boxes that th e defendant sold did not contain any pipes, tubes, or artificial ve sse l s for containing the liquid, they contained alum and other substanc yl e stft;rom which moisture was to be ex tracted by beat ; if t h e same as Milner's, they would find they were substantially the that issue for the plaintiff; and if they thought they wer e not the same as Milner's, for the defendant. They were at liberty to find that issue for the pfaintiff, although the detendant did n o t use any p i pes, tu b es, or artificial vessels. If they thought the process was substan tially the same as that mentioned in the plaintiff's specification, they would find that issue for the plaintiff. They must bear in mind that the plaintiff said, "I claim as my invention the in troduction or application of the combined effect in chambered boxes, or depositories of the moisture and material kept humid in the space surrounding the innermost box, and its contents, without in any way being confined to the material or liquid employed, or the manner in which it may be distributed or arranged, in order to produce the desired effect of protecting boxes, safes, or other depositories enclosing papers, or other materials, from fire." It was on the construction of these words that he had directed them in point of law, that the de fendant may have infringed the patent, although be did not make use of tubes, or pipes, or artificial vessels. With this exception, he left it for them to say if the defenchlt had in fringed the patent ; if they found that it was so, =ages not being; in dispute, the sum of forty shillings would be sufficient: but they were to consider, themselves, which way they would find their verdict The Jury, after a short deliberation, said they found their verdict upon all the issues for the plaintiff. VERDICT FOR THE PLAINTIFF. Upon this verdict, establishinz the validity cf Milner's Pa tents, so fully confirmed by his Hon •iir the Vice-Chancellor's decision,f miller proceedings in Chancery are being adopted azainst all parties Selling, Holding, or Using these Safes or Boxes. `,/ ) ibi'rtioof TUEDAY 31ORNING, MAY is, 1852. THE WEEK. THE great military fete in Paris, towards which the eyes of the whole of Europe have been turned with ill-concealed anxiety for months past, took place yesterday week in the Champ de Mars ; and, happily, passed over without the assumption by Louis NAPOLEON of the title and office of " Emperor" of France. The spectacle was a mag nificent one. Sixty thousand of the finest troops in the world, so far as regards their appointments and enthusiasm—a large portion of them composed of men bronzed by service on the plains of Africa —passed in review before the PhESIDENT; and each regiment was presented with new standards, bearing as their device the imperial eagle, asso ciated in the minds of Frenchmen with the memory of past conquests, and of desolated Europe pros trate at the feet of the first NAPOLEON. The address delivered on the occasion of the presenta tion was a striking one, and contained some suggestive features. " The history of nations," we were told, "is, in a great measure, the history of armies." It is not, as some weak-minded people would tell us, the history of tariffs. " The Roman eagle," the PRESIDENT said, " adopted by the Emperor NAPOLEON at the commencement of this century, was the most striking signification of the regeneration and of the grandeur of France. It disappeared with our misfortunes—it ought to return when France recovers from her defeats ; and, mistress of herself, seems not any longer to repudiate her own glory." The " misfortunes," with which the imperial eagle disappeared, were those reverses of her ambitious chief which pre vented France from continuing the dictator and the scourge of Europe. What the " glory" is, which she now no longer repudiates, needs scarcely be pointed to. The winding up, however, is most pacific— " Soldiers,—Resume, then, these eagles, not as a menace against foreigners, but as the symbol of our inde pendence, as the souvenir of an heroic epoch, and as a mark of the nobleness of each regiment. Take again these eagles which have so often led our fathers to vic tory, and swear to die, if necessary, in their defence." The good, easy British public, of course, see nothing in this " heroic" talk, and these sugges tions of coming martial " glory." Peace progress men, in Manchester and elsewhere, dreaming only of mules and spindles, blue books, and arithmetic, will tell us, after this, that we are quite snug and comfortable in our immediate proximity to this mass of powder and blue fire, although a hair brained fatalist holds the match by which, at any moment, Europe may be set in a blaze, to be quenched only with blood. "No necessity for militia bills, or for any preparations against foreign aggression," is the parrot cry of these people. Yet had the one man, whose power controlled last Monday the sixty thousand soldiers congregated in the Champ de Mars, but uttered the words, " A bas le perfide Albion," and pointed to Boulogne or to Cherbourg, can any man doubt that the interpretation put upon them would have been that the moment to achieve " her own glory" had arrived for France ? The Netherby Baronet has just issued his address to the electors of Carlisle; and, from the tone of that document, we gather some notion of the sort of political morality possessed by the small faction, of which our own Mr. CARDWELL is a member, as well as of the nature of its aspirations. Sir JAMES is, of course, vehemently in favour of Free trade. It has produced for us the height of finan cial prosperity ; and, apropos of the latter, there seems to be amongst us a class of people who treat that as the best possible policy which extracts the most money from the pocket of JOHN BULL. In their eyes a clever finance minister is a sort of human pump, whose spout is turned towards the Treasury ; and, provided the stream produ 'ed is abundant, no question is ever asked as to the depth of water left in the well, that well being the pocket before men tioned. Free-trade, however, Sir JAMES GRAHAM is ready to swear by. It is the all-in-all—the shib boleth—of his party. The Monarchy, the Consti tution, the religious institutions of the country, are secondary matters. Lord DERBY cares for these ; and Sir JAMES suspects him of treason to the cause of cheap sugar and a big loaf. Therefore, he says, " the simple question to be propounded by Free traders to candidates is this—"are you a supporter or an opponent to Lord DERBY'S Government i" There is a question or two, however, which the electors of Carlisle might with great propriety put to Sir JAMES himself, "Is the sum of, say, five thousand a-year, paid quarterly, so desirable to you in these days of declining rentals that, to ensure it, you would complete your political and other gyra tions by becoming a worshipper of Mahoined, or a dancing dervise, if required ?" or, "Are the Mrs. Mailsetter propensities for reading other people's private letters still so strong in you, that a seat in the home office is indispensable for your peace of mind ?" Perhaps, also, it might be advisable to learn from Sir JAMES who are the snug little party —what are the heterogeneous materials—presented to his mind's eye as likely to be able to govern the country, in the event of the overthrow of Earl of DERBY'S administration. For ourselves we do not quarrel at all with Sir JAMES GRAHAM'S catechism for candidates. We are quite content that the question should be, " Are you a supporter, or an opponent, of Lord DERBY'S Government ?" and we are tolerably confident that, whenever the new parliament meets, and this question is put from the chair, the answer will be, "the Ayes have it." Our local Whig-Radicals are having recourse to every possible " dodge," in order to advance the position of their candidates, Dlessrs. CARDWELL and EWART. Their latest was contained in the announcement of a meeting in Scotland Ward, on Tuesday last, headed— No BREAD TAX ! THE QUEEN, THE CONSTITUTION, AND THE PEOPLE! The Queen and the Constitution, of which the Whig-Radicals—facetiously, we presume—an nounce themselves the guardians, are, of course, secondary to the cheap loaf. Possibly, when they make their next appearance in the " back slums" —as Cardinal Wiseman would say—of Vauxhall road, " where Irish most do congregate," they will be prepared to take a leaf out of his Eminence's book, and treat the admiring Paddies with TAXES ON INTELLIGENCE.-FURTHER TIGHTENING OF THE SCREW. WHENEVER a burthen is laid on men's shoulders, which neither they nor any one else is able to bear, a reaction is to be expected ; and the object of those who tighten the screw beyond endurance will be more than defeated. This is a sort of vicarious law to teach men justice ; but there are some men who will continue to be practical strangers to abstract justice, notwithstanding all that moralists have written and statesmen decreed. There is not a country in the world in which useful knowledge should be more widely promul gated than in our own, by example and precept; for it is only by the intelligence and good principle of the people that its high position is maintained. In countries where a grinding superstition prostrates the human faculties and places the intellect of the man under the lock and key of his father confessor, knowledge is an unhealthy plant, and always of stunted growth. When a rigorous censorship rules the press, and confines public announcements to a sort of extensive Government gazette, knowledge is not to be expected ; and as the intelligent are objects of suspicion, ignorance is sometimes really bliss. Where the canopy of royal or presidental power is supported by bayonets, as in Austria or France, one feels thankful that the learning and knowledge of the past have not been driven from their shores ; and even where Lynch law is superior to statute law, it is not probable that truth will always have the upper hand. But in a country like our own, where the rights of all citizens are freely acknowledged, and where our standing army and local police forces are unusually small, we evidently calculate on ruling by moral force, and assume a gradual diffusion of intelligence. Mr. MILNER GIBSON addressed the House of Commons lately, in a telling speech, respecting the taxes on knowledge; and appealed to the CHAN CELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, himself distinguished in the world of letters, as one personally acquainted with the evils of the present system. The whole subject is deserving of minute attention, hut at pre sent it is only a collateral topic. Strange enough, at the very period when he was pressing these con siderations on the minds of our legislators, the distributors of one kind of knowledge, the book sellers, were quarrelling among themselves as to the extent of accommodation which they should afford to the public in purchasing their literary wares; and the judges of the land were about to draw the line of demarcation on the question of " Dickens's Household Narrative," between that which is actual news, and that which is retrospective or historical. A stamp is not necessary for a publication of that kind ; it is for all those of less frequency. On the subject of newspaper stamps we shall say nothing, for the bargain still remains in force by which newspapers pass free in letter bags ; but on the subject of Advertisement Duty we feel strongly. There are some taxes which. are immoral and unjust on principle : for example, the property tax, which is paid when a policy of insurance is effected; for it is a tax upon prudence, and holds out a bonus to die thoughtless and improvident. In like manner, the duty upon advertisements is a clog upon business; and while the reduction of other duties and the force of competition absolutely demand a rapid sale and free circulation of money, the government who have created the necessity, and whose interest it is to promote the arrangements, step in and say it shall not be. If in England, as in America, a tradesman could make known the articles which he has for sale, and thus smooth the path between buyer and seller, if a meeting for public purposes could be made known ; the interests of mankind would be more kindly and fully cared for in the latter case, and the wheels of commerce would move more pleasantly in the former. The mistress cannot seek for a domestic servant, nor the servant for a situa tion ; the subscribers to a public charity cannot assemble to hear the progress of the cause, or the manner in which the funds have been expended ; men cannot be convened for the purposes of humanity, piety, or charity, till they pay at the government turnpike, and are permitted to pass through. But the iniquity of the system is, that these evils are inflicted only on newspaper advertisers, though the fact of each copy having paid stamp duty— whether advantage is taken of the post-office or not—ought to secure to - them some privilege. At all events, they should he placed on something like an equitable footing. Yet what is the fact ? The railway companies reap a large annual revenue from papering the inside of their carriages with adver tisements ; there is not a dead wall but is clothed with the garments of the bill-sticker; one is accosted in public thoroughfares and at the corners of the streets by men with boards containing announcements; and the way is sometimes nearly blocked up by the vans whose four sides of announce ments scarcely leave room for horse or driver. Theatrical performances, concerts, dancing dogs, learned pigs, miraculous fleas, and gossamer coats, stare at us in enormous woodcuts ; while for those within doors, the merchant in his office, the invalid in his chamber, or the matron in her family circle— for those, in short, who are not street-walkers, to be reminded and edified by this "reading made easy," Government has prepared the tender mercy of an advertisement duty. "They manage these things better in France," as Sterne said; for there, a tombstone over a departed husband will tell that his disconsolate widow still keeps a pastrycook's shop in the Rue Marseille ; and a marble cherub over a tender infant reminds us that its papa is the best wig maker in the city. We once knew a Dutch clerk in this town who used to boast that each of his children supported itself from its birth. The arrival was duly announced in every paper in Holland as the ninth or tenth child of a commission merchant and general agent in Roscommon-street, Liverpool, and the profit from new orders enabled him to rear the infant. It will be long before an Englishman can do the same thing. But the intolerable annoyance is not exclusively in the system, nor even so much in it as in the administration of it. An ordinary reader, in his simplicity, supposes that he knows sufficiently well what an advertisement is—an announcement in which some one has a pecuniary interest, or some society or body of men ; and usually it is placed in a known part of the newspaper, or distinctly announced as such if placed elsewhere. But by the free and easy way of charging adopted by our local executive—a mode, in short, which is without any known principle, and against every one--it is impos sible for any one to tell a priori what is an adver tisement, and what is not. The following are specimens ; but we can hardly say that they are worse than others that we could furnish. In our paper of March 2nd, the Rev. Mr. LOWE, in a letter which formed part of our correspondence, accepted the challenge of a Mormon leader, and forthwith we are charged for it as an advertisement. A para graph mentions the fact of steam communication being opened between Liverpool and Antwerp, and it is marked down also. Mr. SHAND writes to us on the dispute respecting Mr. HERBERT'S Outcast, and though he has no beneficial interest in the matter, and merely gives evidence to show unfair treatment of his brother, we are charged for it also. And a case not perhaps worse than the others, but sufficiently gross, is the following. We announced the establishment of a Homoeopathic Dispensary in the neighbourhood of Mount-pleasant, and we have been mulcted in the sum of eighteenpence for this exercise of our benevolence. It is almost unnecessary to say, that in each of these instances the matter was inserted as ordinary correspondence or intelligence, without any charge whatever. We repeat that bad as the system is, it is nothing to the ingenuity with which it is carried out. We may receive an adver tisement from an auctioneer, and, after receiving payment for it in the ordinary way, we may actually have to insert it at a dead loss by being charged seven or eight duties for the one advertisement. Yet all this while our newspapers are filled with notices to the advantage of individuals, without any attempt to construe them as advertisements. There is the puff direct and the puff inferential, the puff collateral and the puff conclusive ; besides pieces of news which produce the same effect. The announce ment that a physician has graduated is a hint that he is ready to practise in that department ; and the hint that a young lady is married is an intimation " to all whom it may concern" that they must look for those strange animals, the other good fish in the sea that have never been caught. The military, naval, and clerical promotions, the arrival an.l de parture of ships and tourists, and the notice of pro ceedings in Parliament, are much more of the nature of advertisements than those for which the account has just been furnished to us. It is really too bad that men will create dishonesty by assuming its existence, and taking the initiative in wrong.; and it is intolerable that public officials shall injure ad libitum, throwing upon their victims the onus of watching them, or the annoyance of appealing against their iniquitous decisions. FOREIGN NEWS. FRANCE. DISTRIBUTION OF THE EAGLES TO THE FRENCH ARMY. The grand military fete fixed for Monday, the 10th of May, passed off with the greatest order and propriety. From a very early hour in the morning every road and street leading towards the Champs de Mars, the scene of the grand f(lie, was thronged with eager sight-seers ; and many, in their anxiety to get a good place, passed a great part of the night on the embankments skirting the ground. To a foreigner unaccustomed to such sights the appear ance of Champ de Mars was one which will not be readily forgotten. The whole extent of the ground was sur rounded by groups of flags and military trophies of every kind. The front of the Ecole Militaire was completely masked by tribunes, the one in the centre was destined for the Prince President and his immediate suite, and those on either side for the Senate, the legislative body, and other great dignitaries of the state with their fami lies. The appearance of these tribunes, when filled with elegantly-dressed women, and glittering with the em broidery of the official costumes, and the uniforms of the gentlemen, presented a coy)) d'ceil of the most dazzling description. In front of the President's tribune was an estrade approached by a flight of steps, by which the officers approached to receive the new colours of their respective regiments. The military, amounting to about 60,000 men, marched on the ground and took up their several positions about eleven o'clock. They were drawn up in two lines, extending the whole length the Champs de Mars. The infantry were on the right on entering by the Pont de Jena, and the cavalry on the left. The President of the Republic, accompanied by Marshal Jerome and the other marshals, General Magnan, Com mandant-in-Chief of the Army of Paris. the Minister of War, and a number of other general officers, with their respective aides-de-camp, arrived on the ground about twelve o'clock. The cortege was closed by the twenty five Arab chiefs, who have come from Algeria expressly to be present at this grand file. They were mounted after the fashion of their country, with the short stirrup and high saddle, blue velvet housings, with richly mounted holsters at the saddle bow, pistols at the belt, and scimitar at the side, their snow-white and transparent burnous floating in the air. The - President pass-d along t i le line of infantry, re turned along that of the cavalry, and then crossing the Champs de Mars in front of the artillery, proceeded to take up his position on the estrade in front of the Ecole Militaire. The distribution of the standards then com menced. They had been all arranged in order numeri cally, and were handed out one by one to the President, who delivered them into the hands of the respective colonels, who ascended the steps to receive them. After they had all been distributed, the officers took them to the grand altar erected in the centre of the ground oppo site the estrade of the President, where the Archbishop of Paris and a numerous body of his clergy were in wait ing. Mass was performed, after which the Archbishop gave his benediction to the flags, followed by a very im pressive address. The conclusion of the religious service was announced by a salvo of artillery, after which the troops marched in review order past the President, the different divisions headed by their respective generals. A salvo of twenty-one guns was fired on the Pi:nce entering the Champs de Mars, and the same number when he retired. The following is Louis Napoleon's address to the army:— " Soldiers,—The history of nations is, in a great mea sure, the history of armies. On their success or reverse depends the fate of civilisation and of the country. If conquered, the result is invasion and anarchy ; if victo rious, it is glory or order. Thus rations, like armies, feel a religious veneration for those emblems of military honour which sum up in themselves past scenes of trou bles and of triumphs. " The Roman eagle, adopted by the Emperor-Napoleon at the commencement of this century, was the most stri king signification of the regeneration and of the grandeur of France. It disappeared with our misfortunes—it ought to return when France recovers from her defeats; and, mistress of herself, seems not any longer to repudiate her own glory. " Soldiers,—Resume, then, these eagles, not as a me nace against foreigners, but as the symbol of our inde pendence, as the souvenir of an heroic epoch, and as the mark of the nobleness of each regiment. Take again these eagles, which have so often led our fathers to vic tory, and swear to die, if necessary, in their defence." The jete was marked by an immense number of pro motions in the army and other services. On Tuesday night, a grand ball given to the President by the army, took place at the Ecole Alilitaire. So im mense was the number of persons invited that at half-past ten streams of carriages two miles in length were seen converging from the populous quarters of the city on both banks, to the Ecole Militaire. The preparations which had been made at the scene of the festivities were upon a most gigantic and magnificent scale. The ball-rooms, ante-room, and supper rooms extended two acres and a half, and the whole of that space was filled to overflowing, the number of guests amounting to not less than 15,000. The greater portion of the ladies were the wives and daughters of the officers. A - dinner was given by the President of the Republic on Wednesday to the superior officers of the army of Paris, as also to those who had come from the different military stations of France to witness the " Feast of Eagles,' in the grand gallery of the Palace of the Tuileries. The guests were 800 in number. The celebrated astronomer Arago, having refused to take the oath of fidelity, resigns his situation of director of the observatory after an occupation of nearly 50 years. The government has, however, declined accepting the resignation, and has intimated to that philosopher its wil lingness to exempt him from taking the oath required from all public functionaries. M. Arago will, therefore, resume his office as director of the observatory. General Changarnier has sent to the Minister of War, and has caused to be published a letter refusing, in the warmest terms, to take the oath to Louis Napoleon. The Constitutionnel expresses great delight with the speech delivered by Earl Derby at the Mansion-house, and particularly so when viewed in connection with the addrass of Louis Napoleon to the army ; inasmuch as it sees that both France and England are solicitously anxious to continue the most friendly feelings towards each other, and that no exertions will be wanting on their part to maintain the peace of the world. The Debats entertains similar opinions. The Count de Chambord has written a letter to his friends, giving it as his opinion that it is the first duty of Royalists to do no act and to enter into no engagement in relation to the present Government, in opposition to their political faith, and that whatever advantage may be obtained by filling positions and offices which place them in relation and habitual contact with the people, they must not hesitate to refuse all such in case engagements or promises be required from them contrary to their principles. The Conslilulionnel expresses its satisfaction at so overt an act of hostility. It is supposed that the Imperialists will take advantage of it to urge forward the Empire. The letter was much talked of at the Bourse, where it produced a gloomy effect. Generals Lamoriciere, Bedeau, and Leffo intend to fol low the example of General Changarnier, and refuse the oath of allegiance to the President. CAUTION. C. and B. do not znarantee any article to be of their manu facture, unless bearinVlieir name and address. TIRE POPE THE QUEEN, THE CONSTITUTION, AND THE PEOPLE The public want no shilly-shallying about the matter. There is no use in attempting to throw dust in people's eyes. The Roman Catholics, at the Music-hall, dictated their choice of representatives, whatever they may pretend to the contrary. With this fact patent to all the world, what preposterous nonsense it is to find, at the meeting in question, Mr. WM. RATHBONE, Jun., indulging in such language as the following :—" He," /sir. RATH BONE, "scouted the religious cry raised by the oppo site party, and charged Mr. TURNER and his friends with attempting to gain votes by exciting religious dis sensions. This, particularly when in Liverpool reli gious animosity had begun to (lie away." Political shade of Sir THOMAS BIRCH ! can this be true? Still more preposterous were the remarks on the occa sion of Mr. AMBROSE LACE :—" Mr. CARDWELL was now charged with siding entirely with the Ca tholics ; and it was said that he would thus attempt to overturn the Protestant Church. But what an odd thing it was that Mr. CARDWELL was of that branch of the Church to which Dr. NPNEILE himself especially belonged, namely, the Evangeli cal ; and was it likely he would run counter to his own deeply-held convictions ?" Had Mr. LACE said his " interests," instead of his " convictions," we should have acknowledged at once that Mr. CARDWELL was a very unlikely man to run coun ter to them. As it is, we should very much like to know the peculiar circumstances which have won for this "Evangelical Churchman" the support of the Irish Romanists of Liverpool. Out with it, Mr. LACE ! What are the influences which muzzle the leaders of that party, and their priesthood, whilst Mr. CARDWELL'S friends are parading his Evangelical principles, and his anxiety to promote religion by "the spread of the Bible" ? Do let us have an explanation) PRUSSIA. A telegraph despatch in the Berlin journals announces that the Emperor and Empress of Russia arrived at Cosel on the 7th instant, at five o'clock in the afternoon. They were received by the King of Prussia. After a short stay, the Emperor set out for Vienna, where he arrived at midday on the Sth ; and the Empress, accompanied by the King of Prussia, proceeded to Breslau and Berlin. The Empress and King reached the latter city on the evening of the Bth. The ministers and some high state dignitaries were presented to her Imperial Majesty, and she subsequently left for Potsdam, with the King and Queen. SPAIN. The accounts from Spain of the 4th instant announce the sudden death of the Duke of Villahermosa. The severity of the press law has had the effect, as anticipated, of suspending the publication of eleven journals. The ministerial papers are those only which appear. PORTUGAL. The mail steamer Tagus arrived at Southampton on Thursday afternoon, with advices from Lisbon to the 9th inst. The progress of the Queen and royal family in the provinces had been ono continued scene of festivity, and had renovated the dormant feeling of loyalty. The enthusiasm was at its height in the city of Oporto, where they stayed several days, and visited all the principal esta blishments. The Queen proceeded to Villa Nova on the sth, and thence to Barcellas on the following day. At the last place a fire broke out about midnight in the royal kitchen, and compelled the Queen to remove to the quarters of the Duke of Terceira. No lives were lost, and all the furniture and wardrobe was saved, but the house was completely destroyed. The elections were nearly con cluded, and the result showed that the ministers had not gained any real accession of strength. But it was ru moured that the ultra-Setembristas were determined not to offer any opposition to the ministerial measures on the re-assembling of the cortes on the 20th of this month. AME RICA. ARRIVAL OF THE ARCTIC. The United States mail steamship Arctic, Capt. Luce, with advices from New York to the Ist inst., arrived in the Mersey at 3 35 a.m., on Wednesday, having made the run in 10 days 41 hours, mean time. She brought 150 passengers and £13,000 in specie. Her news is com prised in that received by the Asia. ARRIVAL OF THE SCREW STEAM-SHIP GLASGOW. The United States and Glasgow screw steamer Glasgow sailed from New York on the Ist, and arrived at Greenock on the 14th instant, accomplishing a remarkably quick passage of twelve days nineteen hours mean time. At 2 p.m., on the first day, she anchored in the Lower Bay, on account of the dense fog. In the latter part of the run she had fresh westerly winds and cloudy weather. ARRIVAL OF THE ASIA. The royal mail steam-ship Asia, Captain Judkins, arrived in the Mersey at 5 40 p.m., on Saturday, having made the run from New York in 10 days 35 minutes, mean steaming time, or twt) hours less than any of her previous trips, proving herself to be still one of the fastest of our ocean-going steamers. The Asia brought 113 passengers, and 130,000 dollars in specie. The Niagara had arrived at Boston on the 29th ult., with mails from Liverpool to the 17th ult. The Pacific, which sailed hence on the 21st ult. arrived at New York on the 2d inst, after a run of 11 days, 8 hours, 45 minutes, mean time. One of America's ablest statesmen, Mr. Henry Clay, was reported to be at the point of death when the Asia left. He had been visited on the 2d inst. by Mr. Presi dent Filmore, and the interview was said to have been of a most touching and solemn nature. The political news possess no interest. The grant to but it a m p a p d e e a . re d m p . r the Collins' line of steamers remained undecided ; be ;r e er s S ist he , had been favourably received. The alleged fugitic.oods. who was slot by his pursuers, had died of 11 1 9 bell' e9t ' Lola Montes had left New York for Albany an" t, pee; the Previously to !emir the cit she had a crowdepu.iacee' o l l i a o b ss le ut t l l- : a s t t rem in a c i r i e re a d se in as ß ke j tOT mainly attracted by tier grca y t victory over the 11 Como. o ecle ble James Summons, s on o f on e of the mo st repo. Ore: steamboat owners end captains in the west, cinc ir,et`'; trials, has finally been convicted of murder, at th i s It will be recollected that several months age her l it ' men poisoned nearl7 all his father's family , the e ffect; or ocs his own wife. Two or three died from poison ; vet, notwithstanding the proof was ceriagree. against the prisoner, the juries hitherto could Pe yorlc ° The steam-ship Crescent City arrived at Nov be sth , the 2nd ultimo, with the Californian mai ls ef 01 ape togot,. Or -81,840,0(.0 in specie, on freight, and $6 O ° ,C° F n nel o ' hands of passengers. We have advices from San „ris to the sth ult. The news from the minim: distrl'ajesi" very favourable. Great excitement prevailed in 1 1l From Valparaiso We have intelligence to on the subject of the tariff. 1.11 318 ' and from Guayageil to the 13th April. The Br it o t bu q l , steam-ship Santiago arrived at Panama on t he tbe l " q uil on . 0 il l from Valparaiso. The steamer left Guays ultimo, and reported that General Flores' exPe,d,iltelt the 2 0 , is h still at the mouth of the river, and that he had lisfr A . any further advance towards taking that citS . ar tillen i r consisted of 5,385 men, cavalry, infar%try.._ n • u roP c v3l' . 6 ; with 12 cannon. The men were compo.ed 0 ' .05 y e, North Americans, Chilians and Peruvians, Ic ro l g test°;; 2 square-rigged ves.els, and 12 small cram... of 90 Yankee riflemen. lie had a sq't.tadr,o,.noT'berellii; .100, 4 ol at Honolulu, Sandwich Island, is reported to beig".; column of lava a hundred feet in diardeter to e. ye eetr r ; five hundred feet, end to be committing estel:,:ootledt.lit tations. The sr cradle viewed from th e 0 0. 0 locality may be conceived to be fact that the mountain from which the eruption is 10,000 feet above the level of the sea. COMMERCIAL. gs/ 5 ( 01 NE - R' 1005 ' MONEY MARKET.—The tendency of the o,9teP., have been made n o ),IFF favourite 't• Consider,ble P change in prices La s occurred. hoe t ? ° higher and the supply of hills moderate. nd & l',lsfs,' - CHANGE.—The closing rates are, on v- Its,, 101 per cent. prem. ; Paris, sf. 13 c , to sf. and sf. 131 c. short sight; Antwe sf. 161 e. to 7,4 ' Amsterdam, 41:7 ; to 41 : Hamburg. rp' 36; B rercerb 78:1 ; and Frankfort, 40 to 401 cents. COTTON.—(From the New York Shipping- s s ji rlot r 5 )—There was a geed demand for cotton ° l ' stet e ti ie 9; n t and Monday, at s- • 1 • li.ew :at improve_ pr-e •, i g t however, the market was dull, buyers re el ,sta s e te tiA the demands of holders. The 'recei receipts , to Is T ` e . - ,2,0e,' all the shipping ports are 2,682,710 hales , agn,. aj- ses` e ' to the same dates last year, an increase irs l o to 6 2 1,779 hales. The total foreign export koreo 391,124 bales more than last, sa 260,016 10,,1 e r , 5 1 1 0 in ttf Great Britain, 76,5(9 increase'to y France , 3 "' — er t to North of Euroe, and 24,669 increase to °t h e , OP. ports. We quote:— Atlantic N Orleans P orts . Nobilet t e z Inferior .. - to 7+ to • i Low to good 0rd...., 81. ti i l k Low to good mid. B3 ei " 4 9$ s .•g 2 aEs Europa been pe upward,im,oorseti etc t° Tis t t e Mid fair to fair 9 ti 91 oite mi Fully fair to good fair — dl tr FOREIGN MANUFACTURES.—The Courier beer' remarks, The sales with importers ha° t oe I) the season of the year, and desirable goods t it scarce." ; cicif t4 ; BREADSTUFFS.—The favourable fore , g- ve- b ot.. parted much firmness to the flour m arket ,ll , l l.oe; arrivals, prices of lcw glades improved " c j see" day, however, outing to increased receipts and for some in freights, prices fell off again, and clos e : o, e o o descriptions 61 cents lower than FridaYl'3s"stet°slo a fair demand for home use, and previous torpiest inquiry for export. 'Western Canal is quot ed 3,400 el . q• li tlf a p 4 dols. The sates of Canada are 4 dols. Inc. to 4 dols. 25c., in bond, theory I°lrst arrive. Wheat is in fair demand for eiedisPdo,4, improved rates for the better description s. es, e r bte r d p under the influence of favourable foreign, e`” - • c glits • 96„ / good demand and film, but the advance in fr T e l : r ,re,, 'r business, and the market closed dull ; the sol e ' r , o ° ' to t , bushels, closing at 64c. for yellow south to OCT r m n i n x n e d d, y 6 e 2 li tc w . , t a o nd 63 6 e 2 . l lo r tn w e h 3 i n te f el n i r tto n , li f e l d c . . o `oter y ; vl ,o 4 r bushels Canada peas sold at 70c. to 75c. •cel PROVISIONS.—Western pork is dull, the pocbif,hl' for the supply of immediate wants 0n15.% rather lower. The business in beef is srnalh e. to• rlf de ll perhaps, to light arrivals, and prices, particned iS F A better qualities, have advanced. Prim e wenge $lB to eS'2O per tierce. W es t e rn lard cd .n n,,' t demand, and pric es are we ll su pported• tw„, Ise t' freely, and wanted at 9 to 10 cents. Butter (,--r freely, and prices have declined materially. se , d e), is in better supply, and has declined to 7c t e ed. e e -e i s FREIGHTS.—VesseIs have become plen t Yrr . oLi ' ing to Great Britain, the market is dull. t d boq.L a e i flour is taken at is 3d to is 6cl • corn, Sze. , t t,ont o r' 4/d to sd, part to be bagged by the ship!' e e tod e to 7-32 d ; oil. 15s; rosin, Is 6d ; clocks, O s ' jbt 0 0 2s beef, 2s 6d ; and oars, id. el e gy st 0 NEW ORLEANS MARKET, MAY 2.--C o ttoo 00 0 pit on Saturday night, at 8 8 1 c for good midtiiil T T n ge io tri amounts to 149,000 bales. Sterling exeearPeete* Freights have declined; cotton is taken for P i ,„ o ' t ton CHARLESTON, MAY 3.—The sales Of yrm I amounted to 2,200 bales. The marker j e 'wit'd prices, and tends upward. tr o les 0 1!!, PHILADELPHIA, MAY 4.—Cotton be b ,„, u l O A - Do e. good demand from manufacturers, On P - have Ifr ve troi been made at fully le advance, but holders pouf t ls withdrawn their stock from the rnari‘ et. etaie ° " - do' quiet, but firm. Freights to Liverpo ol for flour, 6d for grain, and 20s to 25s for hur"th'ss co p r HAVANA, APRIL 28.—The Sugar runr'seou Fort er g ' o p very active, and, with a brisk demand O r . s hort o rr keep advancing. The estimates about bee tj 0 , 0 1 still increasing. , A as„„,,10: SAN FRANCISCO, APRIL s.—The re 00,,tp. activity in the market than for a long o°. 'o in at. 815 some days ago, and w ithin a few d afs i o ' on-ffertiof extent of English, at whi c h they are otherkinds ie i proportioni t n radeisonth ge , a t in so cr m ea e Ol; 09 of dealers and manufacturers are on the expect more steadiness and stability. bt d erg co rsessthe rot e , 1300 - INDIA AND CHINIV. d pjl ib br The express, in anticipation of tbeov erlan t t letters and newspapers fro m Bombay t ° • t !,:t th e tb P s t ° tr . ! The preparations for the campaign aga l ; ted 09. are complete, and it is confidently exP` c itsPl, - tire mail will announce the fall of Rangoon., . eiv,`bleY our opponents miscalculate our strength ttoleTtetill own resources; for they have adopted B° A :sire °. stloie of swaggering. They seem to be veil u",.pr eP ia mence hostilities, and it is certain that t) o I ' t beC t m cli9 , are on a much more extensive scale than of t h e „10 1 1 ° of 1824. Great anxiety is felt on aceounw csce,'ooo4, and seasons; but: it is thought that by 6.0 car 000 r A I ance of the low ground, and by establislileffectsoetafri!. carefully before the monsoons set in, tu n e n soo ° ,tiOlo, ness may be partly diminished. The ID " ce r t .- re Jr the begining of May, and after then 0 0 ,1 O b et 4 „ 4 " go forward without delay. The mi n i 0 01 13 1, 1 Bombay was more satisfactory in Poin t °„ i 0 i9 O 9.4 from other points ; and arrangements sr" IV' bOr meet the contingency of a protracted viartealli that the Delta of the Irrawaddy will ey e- e 9. A AP to our dominions in India beyond the Giglgody:r The intelligence respecting insurreetieti.,derl "10.",0 a district of the Punjaub has been unfone'aitioabew exaggerated. Sir Colin Campbell's e, 1 , 9 tha Ct ito ° turned from Peshawar, but it is proban'e er° c ilia% fp will be called out again to protect the renders. CutBPcl,/1° At Bombay MoNEY was in denaand.„, Per Cents., 1041 ; Four per Cents. , ur t e et London, at three months' sight, 25. °b PORTS calm • exports ditto. Cotton irn? r ot to per candy.—FREIGHTS : Tonnage i 5 all gettlig ostt;;s and freights hava further a ivanced to I ° e don, £3 12s. Gd. to £ 3 15s. ; Live" to 111 ' £3lss. ;to China, rs. 22 per candy t he 111 4 At Calcutta there was little change lca t r ness, which was h quiet Exchange Ilt,-:100-6.0P.1 to ls. Had. Money is abundant. 0' 5 0 9.; quotations are as follows :—To L 011073. 35.0 £3 to ;g te, C o 1r £3 ss. ; rice, £3 • saltpetre. £3 15 ; hides, £3 l ss. to £3 7s. 6 ..c1• ;firiftio9l ,huge tb e £2 12s. Gd. The rate for rice to Al t ' to prd' 140 to 1 6 0 per bag. j r ia t ow,. 7 ato t toriftfice From Egypt we have dates from A,,,,' e ue co I , e o',,oll'of inst. Business was generally dull. lo'ng tO tl a " 0 1 • has been comparatively inanimate, erg bet; o se or P of making suitable selections, the disPoi-, e fed of private growth having been alrea(oo,o34,icti shipment. Since the arrival of the,„ l , Bs to tos,„ ° r ) has recovered from a decline of a 0 1 ". transactions have taken place. 2 4 v es b - e sid e° to. Liverpool, 3 for London, 8 for o rders , I , po! fd oB t seilles, Trieste, and other MediterraneB d P repo From China, the latest advices are . . Bte ,. e .10 ° 30th March. There is little of inaportaroaovoroi troops are healthy at Hong Kong , °l ' d phatler Bl oo,, to be on the decrease. It Is estimate. 15,uvoa d rot ships have sailed for California, carr).'„lngload, 4.,00.10 Sir George Bonham had set out for Pni j e ti p pol te 'd, placed by his excellency Major.Ge,..,9Bo.ring's„eri,B, rim ; but it was supposed that Dr. s u rtrilP,d°" would arrive, as plenipotentiary an but of trade. Several ships had been lost, 1 10 1' d - 1,131 9 viving. Exports in tea go forwarn.,. tea 3rA O/ silk. In the last year, the exports 0'..0pe0,,,i$ had d e cree a t to a poP e ri e o 1,800,000 lbs. ; those of silk Exchangewas quoted atCanton on Vocceteed, t o 1 ; sight, 4s. 4d. per dollar ; CompanY', e ,4 5 ' ~I;et 011 or to 225 rs. per 100 dollars. At Shangnaort rus' t bo l l o rY ie l' and 226 rs. per 100 dollars. The ° Jed for extremely dull, which is in part attrj joa i o;. Freights—Hong Kong : One v essel ti ll fo r don at £2. 2s. Shanghae to Eng l° £2. 15s. for silk. Bfie • lef t o p' r e Russo ~efdii AUSTRIA.—The Emperor 0. t t : ns tatt • 0 ,75 . o d e 93 DC Berlin on the night of the 11th t aw e ... ta w t t GREAT MISERY exists at Prel... 09 111 1 A 5 O a 4 i tions engaged in making lace In t 1 :.0. - 1 81 :ide , . 0P t P i mia ; they descend in bands t° r°llll - and many of them die by V t e cf' doors of farm-houses. 1,0 a rrive ti ,Sl t V (3,1 3:1° 11: iiop 41 THE EMPRESS OF RUSSIA, tp , 118' Saturday week, is in a very weak s t r e `, .06 ,fao`hiew from her couch. Her eyesi,gt su vita! being very nearly lost. Altogether Ile'"atl c ' orlf ! .. 1 0 rn s" c ' 'og s ,lfr r e at a very low pitch, and kept fr o . 1 Dr; e ir or,io medical stimulants, pq Tan 111° J °l3 t °oll l) ° So 1.7111 AM ERICA,— I Ile —razt v i o cle. from Buenos Ayres to Apr il 3, " ( f ' 1 ;00 14. Everything was in a stat u nse ttled, Ayres. At Mort Video all was ,„ e of the treaty with Brazil for the,r7iiiial Parana had been refu-ed. The Pr fir' withdrawn from the River Plate. Rio and Pernambuco., I ? - - 7 k Pw\