The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-10-08 00:00:00

BIRKENHEAD; ITS PROGPJ AND PROPOi;ED IMPROVEMENTS. 41Vilh a PLAN praentcd to the Readers of the STANDARD.) There is perhaps no place in England which has, within the same comparatively short period, taken such rapid strides frorna small begiuning as Birkenhead. Our own town of Liverpool—on the immediate opposite shore of the Mersey—though, in common parlance, called "the good old tosn," is, as compared with some of the older cities of the realm, of but recent dote, yet has advanced m an astonishing degree. A few centuries ago. she was little mere than a small fishing village, with the single parochial church of Walton-on-the-Ed!, and St. Nicho les's (now a parish church) es a chapel of ease, under the 'termer. Her advancement has been rapid and great,— especielly oflate years—from her maritime advantages, the growing wants of society, and the enterprise of her inha bitants to supply them from every land ; and, latterly her splendid ranges of docks and warehouses, as well as a cor respcncline increase of public and private buildings, and the capital that has flowed into her, have rendered her second only as a port to the metropolis, in her own re ,eources, ar,d in the revenue derived from commerce which she annually throws into the national treasury. Twenty-five years ago, Liverpool, per se, contained but about (JOAO inhabitants. She has now, together with the 'populous outskirts !het have since, by proximity, been welded to her, a population of little short of 300,000. This increase, great a; it must be considered—(and she is still speed'ly advancing)—is not, however, equal in pro portionate'rapidity to that of Birkenhead, which, about 15 to 18 years ago could number but a few straggling • houses, including the then few ferry stations, on a coast -and surrounding landscape for the most part bleak, sterile, and unpromising. That locality hes since risen into a very considerable, handsome, and intereetieg tcwn ; with nearly 15,000 inhabitants ; with numerous spacious streets, senates, and public edifices ; besides vast clusters of Louses, villas, and other detached residences, planted in every direction on the ac: livities to the westward. The land, moreover, his been greatly improved by• drainage and force of culture, and the whole aspect of the neigh bourhood improved to a degree of warmth and verdure, both in field and forest, that was little expected, though •it is but yet partially reclaimed. Ilirkenbead has in fact almost at once risen from infancy to approaching manhood, 'and liay at least be raid to be a " bran new" town. The genius of speculation has alighted upon her, and already she has her railway, her projected new railways and canals; bas commenced the construction of extensive docks; is proceeding with an extensive public market, and project ing a new town-hall (ere the former ones were well sea soned); and other public edifices of considerable extent -and elegance of design. The capital embarked has, it must be remarked, been provided to a greet extent from this side the river; and so far as the proOrietarygoes, it may be considered an offshoot of the town of Liverpool. From the facilities of steam conveyance across the river, many of our merchants, professional men, (and their de pendants,) and others in business or retired, find it an agreeable end easily accessible locality in which to domi cile; and not a few of the wealthier of them have made purchases of land from which, in the rapid increase of value for building and other purposes, they have realised, ac anticipate, a large reversion. The salubrity of the lo cality, and the adaptation of the shore to several usefnl purposes, maritime and commercial, no one can deny ; and unless some untoward event arise to check its pro gress, Birkenhead will, in a few years, become a thriving and representative town. That it will ever rival Liver pool we neither hope nor imagine but it will, in ether respects, be to a great extent an adjunct to this port. Be this as it may, we entertain no jealous feeling of its prosperity. We have had occasion conscientiously to op -pose some portions of the dock scheme of Birkenhead, which we thought to be of so costly and speculative a cha racter that parties who were induced to embark io it might possibly stretch their arms further than they could readily draw them in. Parliament, however, has granted the bill, after the frailest investigation : this has spurred the cor poration to the immediate construction of additional docks elm this side—showieg that there is nothing like a little sompetition—and we feel disposed to await the result, with the best wishes for the success of all parties, provided they promote the general public good. With these views, a:nd knowing the interest which begins to be directed to Birkenhead, end the works there in progress, we this day present our readers with a Plan of that town, and its in tended docks and improvements, executed at our office, autirely in * typography, on a new principle of our own, and time clearness of which will, we trust, be admitted. The names of the proprietors of the land arc given in every instance where they could be obtained ; the intended docks, streets, and roads. are marked out with as much accuracy' es possible, and corrected (by authority) up to the time of publication,—the almost daily mutations of . property rendering this no easy task. We begin (though perhaps the least important, because best known,) with THE TOWN. 'The greater part of Birtenhead=:much, however, is not yet built upon—is laid ont in streets of great length, some ret them upwards of 2000 yards in length, and 84 feet in breadth between the houses, in a direction nearly with the rever, and intersected with minor streets at right angles to Ahem. The other principal streets are, from house to house -6-there being a railed space, as in the others, of 12 feet en each side-3G feet wide. Hamilton Square, a short tUatance westwerd from Woodside Ferry, is one of the *neat squares in Europe. The area of the square is up wards of 6, acres, end nearly the whole is now built up with splenchd mansions in the Edinburgh style, the cen tral and the wing houses on each side being thrown into slight projection by the embellishment of Doric columns, waringing irom rusticated basements. In the middle iX3ere is an extensive garden or shrubbery, within iron rails. The west side of the square is now nearly coin -pletdd exteriorly, as is the south side, with the exception of a apace (marked in our plan) on which it is purposed to Istlild the new Town flail. The footualks in this square (which will be completed next spring) arc broad and pe culiarly well constructed. In several of the larger streets • there are handsome ranger of white freestone houses, as well as cemented buildings, all built to one elevation, and etlhera to correspond are in course of erection. The num ties of new streets and openings laid out to the best advan bp is really astonishing to may one who does not reside on the spot and view the daily opeLaticns of, we may say, thouaseds of workmen. - Stonemasons, bricklayers, Diners, painters, and plumbers, are all busily at work in every direction, and the whole is a scene of unwonted activity. The manner in which the streets are laid out is peculiarly worthy of notice; aed it would be well if in all new parts of towns (for we cannot all have new towns) corporations would follow the example, and not be com pelled, as here, for the public health and convenience, to •purchare rows of premises densely packed, pull down, widen, and renovate. There is scarcely a street in the town of any note under 30 feet wide, end nearly the whole Lave, a priori, been effectually sewered, or are in progress esf being so, to an extent already of (according, as we find, SO Mr. Stansfield's recent pamphlet) 17 or 18 miles in all; ,and, including the" roads in the outskirts, not yet dedi teated to the commissioners, the whole sewerage may be satimated at nearly double that extent. The new streets are well macadamised ; good fcotwalks, with curb-stones, are also laid ( - town, and an immense extent of water and gas mains. The area of Birkenhead, including Claurfaton :and part of °von, as by the Act now annexed to it, is ahont 1388 square acres, or nearly two square miles. The facilities for building are great throughout the whole locality.. There is everywhere abundance of clay, of ex cellent quality for brickreaking ; and an inexhaustible supply of gond hard freestone, white or red, at a short depth, and almost at every point, even to low-water mark, tesides that froth the fine quarries of Stourton and &cl own. The sand is also abundant, and of good quality for the several purposes required. A vast quantity of brick fists this year been merle, yet so numerous are the build ings being erected, or decided upon being built, that twenty or thirty millions more are contracted for, and already paid for, to be supplied next spring. With all this, there is not a house but is let ; and the number of arorkpeoele employed, and immediately to be so, is so great, that large houses are taken up for their accommo dation. where they are necessarily huddled together until suitable and comfortable cottages can be erected for them. On Friday last, the day being fine, we took a stroll in the township, having previously taken several surveys for the purpose of sketching and correcting the plan which accompanies our paper of to-day. Passing along Conway street (which, as well as Price-street, is upwards of a mile long in a straight line), we visited TRH PARK This (which was originated by Mr. W. Jackson) is rapidly approaching to complr t'on for planting. It lies to the north westward of the principal, or already built, part of the town, on rather low and sheltered ground, and com prises about 190 acres, within a wide and curving car tilage-road—as marked in the plan. Near the margin, 40 acres are appropriated to building detached villas and terraces, with lawns and pleasure grounds, leaving about 120 acres for the use of the public for ever. The sites of two extensive lakes have already been excavated within this space, mid the waste (the fine soil being retained for the surface) thrown up into innumerable mounds or bills of every variety of height and shape, giving a pleasing undu lation and diversity to the whole, which when it is covered by shrubberies, grass-plots, flowers, &c., will ren der it at once beautiful, diversified, and romantic. The whole is laid rut in serpentine walks, which will afford IThe views of the lakes, the internal lawns, and surround ing scenery. The villas and terraces will all be built to elevations approved of by the commissioners, and by fix ing the .rental value at a high standard the highest re spectability will be secured. The arrangements are such as will make it appear that the whole 190 acres are in cluded in the Park. The owners of the houses are re flaked to set them 20 yards back from the enclosing road, ern each side, and that road being 20 yards wide, it follows that the apace between the houses, across the read, will be 60 yards. By the judicious management of the commissioners this land was purchased at a price that enables them to make the roads, drains, &c., ready for the buildinge, from the money they will receive for the sale of the building land, and leave 120 acres free to the public for ever. As the township owns the fe ry, and thousands from Liverpool will resort to the Park when it cempleted, tha speculation (if it may be so called) can not fail to be profitable. We exceedingly regret that our own corporation did not in earlit:r times purchase land for s similar purpeae while it could be bad at a reasonable o r e. The whole of the immense area uader notice will so planted 83 to represent one park. The two lakes (which are of great extent and varied forms) w ill b e ren clewed more interes t i n g by rustic and other bridges. There ist also a smaller lake on the south side of the Park. The 110 t for the fermetion of the park came into operation on 1843, and the COMmissionet employed _Vas let September, Mr. Natoli, the celebrated lan_dscane, .ga . r4tner to the Duke 44,Dovonshire, to lay out the whcia m the brat manner Ine:ility would admit of. In Noramber last year the .1 is were excavated and the roads Far:4,lllTH fb"med. Wiest summer (Ices than two years) the whole e Cerra. jested—tin roads and walks wade, the grass laid down I and the shrubs &c. planted —an achievement, considering the nature and extent of the ground, worthy of record. No fewer than 900 men have been recently at work upon it, and as the construction of the new docks will (as we may say cf those on this side) be pursued with equal vigour, we may anticipate still more rapid improvements than we have yet noticed on the other side of the water. We should add that there will be several fine lodges, or gate-houses, in the Park. One of these, a fine classical stone building, is already roofed in, and others are in pro gress of erection. In fine this extensive park will be a perpetual ornament to the town and neighbourhood. and a delightful resort for health and recreation, its extent and varied walks, and views, being so great that it will require almost a whole day (when completed) thoroughly to see and appreciate all its beauties; and the diversity of hill and dale, wood and water, which it will combine. To the westwa d of it, and partly enclosed within it, are already well-grown plantations of fir, &c., which will be romanti cally intersected with labarynthine walks, and the excel lent drainage and fine soil thrown on the whole surface will ensure, together. with its sheltered position, a con stant flush of verdure from evergreens, &c., even during the vvintr.r. We confess we almost envy the Birkenhead people of this splendid pleasure-ground, but the edge of jealousy is considerably dulled by the reflection that it will be liberally thrown open for the gratification of the whole well-behaved world. A short distance froth its further extremity, to the west, rises Flaybrick-hill, near Bidston hill, of nearly equal altitude, and now the township quarry. This will speedily be formed into the public CILAIETERY. The view from the top of the hill, which is prolific of fine flowering heath, is truly splendid,—forming, indeed, a panorama including the entire extent of both Liverpool and Birkenhead, the river towards Runcorn, the sea to the west, with the shipping passing and repassing, and the whole extent of fine country on both shores for many miles. The " bowels" of this bill have over many years been to a great extent extracted in fine stone, but the ex cavation made is being filled up with the rubbish thrown out, and the stone for the new docks and sea walls is to be taken, by Mr. Tornkinson, the contractor, from the ex terior, where it is also good ; and in such a manner as to leave the hill of a pyramidal form with a spiral road to the top ; the high side of which will be appropriated for cata combs and tombs ornamented with shrubs and flowers. The plan appears so far to be the reverse of our St. James's Cemetery, which was formed in an excavated quarry sunk below the surface, and will doubtless have a more pleasing, airy, and " consolatory " aspect. It will, no doubt, from the prospects which it affords, and the fine roads leading to it both by the Park and by those between it and Wallasey Pool, be a place of much resort, although it is a portion of the Birkenhead estate of which our worthy neighbours will naturally be in no violent hurry to take "personal possession." Passing thence southward, by a variety of pleasant lanes or roads, partly shaded by fir trees, and known, we believe, as the " Firs," we reach Claughton Park, sprinkled with beautiful villas, at the western angle of which, already backed by what may be called stately trees, is MOUNT CLAUGHTON, the residence of William Jackson, Esq.. one of the fathers of the enterprising " Corporation" of Birken head, now in course of erection, and on which a great number of masons and other workmen are daily fmyloyed. The house is an elegant and commanding building, of fine white veined freestone from Stourton, and in a handsome style of Grecian, or rather, we think, Italian architecture. It has, it may be said, four fronts, one to each cardinal point. The principal entrance is on the west, and the stone work is very fine throughout, with relieving projec tions, and stone balconies or ballustrades to several of the lower windows to correspond, supported (as well as their tops) by richly-carved trusses. The doors are topped by rich cornices of a deeply-cut segmental form at the top in lien of pediments. and these have a fine effect. The plan on the ground floor forms an oblong square, but the eastern front has a semicircular projection, with enriched windows in the centre or main part of the building. This portion will be of four stories, with an elevation of about 45 feet. The portions on each side of it will form wings of a story lower. The house stands on an elevated site, sloping gradually towards the eastward, and commands (as well as the lawn and pleasure grounds in front already laid out in winding walks and shrubberies, &c.,) a most extensive and uninterrupted view of the Park below, the Pool, the Wirral peninsula northward, the river and shipping, the whole of Birkenhead and Liverpool (which, saving where the water intervenes, appear to be blended into one huge metropolis), Everton and Edge-hill, the shores of Bootle and Seaforth northward in the distance, and Toxteth-park to the south. We could distinctly re cognise in succession every tall chimney, tower, spire, or conspicuous object along the whole range of the vista. The trees behind, and the higher ridge of Bidston-bill, secure this mansion from the west and northwest winds, and give it a warmth of appearance, as well as in reality, rarely attainable at such an altitude. It is proverbial that the well-fed monks of old, knew pretty well how to seat themselves in pleasant and prolific spots, and our neigh bour has in his selection of a site for his domicile followed their laudable example. The distance, in a direct' line from Birkenhead Church, is about two miles. Passing thence, by a pleasant road eastwardly, thro-Th Claughton, our attention was arrested by numerous taste ful villas, particularly on the right, studding the ground towards the old village and further southern heights of Oxton. The whole space is intersected by new well-laid macadamized roads with footpaths on each side. The villas are of diversified styles of architecture—Grecian, Italian, Elizabethan, &c., with surrounding parterres, lawns, and gardens. We passed a large pile of new while freestone houses, adjoining which a similar Os is in course of erection ; also a beautiful collage ornee, in the Elizabethan style, within an angular enclosure at the meeting of two roads. Further along, on the right, is the Waterworks, conspicuous from the ornamental chimney. From this the whole township, so abundant is the spring, can be supplied with any quantity of excellent water for household purposes, baths, fountains, &c., even though the population were increased even tenfold. There is, in fact, water sufficient to supply a population of 150,000. A little lower is the Grange Hotel, and opposite to it, at the corner of the road leading to Holt-hill, and at which the road to Claughton Park:; that to Oxton, Woodchurch, Arrow, and Thurstaston ; and tbat to Birkenhead, form a junction, is a large new hotel, nearly completed for te nantry. We thence dropped down to Birkenhead, obser ving new buildings erected or springing up on every aide. But we have nut room at present to particularise, and must proceed to the public works as indicated on the plan. Tall MOM=S!' FERRY TUNNEL. This work is nearly completed, and will be opened 23d October—the day of laying the foundation stone of the docks. It runs frogs the Grange-lane railway station to the Monks' Ferry pier, and is about 500 yards in length, with, we regret to say, only a single line of rails. The tunnel has excavated end eariberiked approaches. The in clinations fall towards the river, and the line curves a lit tle to the right in going down. About 14 chains of its length have an inclination of 1 in 137; 24 of 1 in 250; and the remainder level. It is approached by a cutting 50 yards in length, averaging 10 feat in depth,—the aides supported by stone retaining walls resting on an invert. Thera is out theft near the middle for ventilation. About 242 yards of it were driven through sand and clay, and 255 through indurated 1114 sand-stone. The clear width between the spring* is 15 feet; width at the rails 16 feet 6 inches ; height above the invert 16 feet fi inches ; height above the rails 14 het 6 inches. The arch is semicircular, and this invert seginentel This extreme thickness of the arch is 2 feet, end it is •partly constructed of stone and partly of brick, es the emergencies required. The crown of the arch is lined through ou t w ith b r i c k wor k, an d po i nte d with cement. it is proposed to carry on the general busi ness of the railway on tha river terminus, for which pur- Tose a temporary station, with sheds, is nea r ly comp l ete d. hese sheds ate of wood, and run parallel a length of about 100 yards. The area of the station or yard is very large, being, from the mouth of the tunnel to the quay, about 250 feet long, and about 120 in width between the high retaining walls, which are of rusticated atone work, surmounted by a height of brickwork, the last banded, and topped with stor.e coping, falling in steps towards the river. Here the excavation presents the appearance of a vast quarry. A portion of the area has yet to be covered in on the north side for the engines, carriages, and wag gons. When completed, we understand that passengers may take their seats in the trains, and be whirled off with out stop until they land at Euston-square in the metropolis. The contractors for the formation of the tunnel were very fortunate in the nature of the ground. They not only found a large quantity of excellent sand, for which they obtained a ready market, but fine beds of hard freestone, still more valuable and in requisition. Of the latter they have yet to dispose of a large tonnage in huge blocks. From this interesting terminus we proceeded to Abbey- street, the hollow in the centre of which, at the junction with it of Priory-street, bas been filled up, so that it is now nearly level, and both str, ets much improved. On the south side of Priory-street, in the field between it and Trenmere Pool, a srnall dock for flats ,is being formed by Mr. Gilbertson, and a good deal of ground has been taken in from the shore below by a river or sea wall. Two other small docks are also being excavated a little to the west. We next visited THE NEW MARKET. This is in course of erection by Messrs. Fox and Co., of Staffordshire, and is 430 feet long by 131 broad. Our market of St. John's is little larger, being 555 feet by 135. The cost, including foot-paths, &c., will be about £16,000. There are three ridges to the roof, pith pedi ments at the ends, and two tiers of semicircular windows at the sides. Every modern improvement in such a struc ture has been made available, and the accommodation in shops and stalls will be ample. The whole is excavated or cellared out below, and the floor supported on cast iron beams, supported by pillars of the same material at vari ous points in the line of this span. It will be divided into three avenues by two rows of iron columns of a very neat, light and decorative pattern. with foliated capitals, and these will support a wrought iron roof over the whole. There will be roof-lights as well as lateral and end win dows; and ventilation has been carefully attended to. The building, the walls of which are rapidly rising to their height, will have a pleasing and cheerful appearance, and will be very roomy, though in outward appearance compact. From the New Market we proceeded northward towards the site of the new docks, before noticing which we may state that a great improvement is about to be effected in THE WOODSIDE FERRY SLIP. The present pier, though perhaps the finest on the Cheshire side, is to be widened to more than double its present width, and in another way to be rendered still more commodious. The widening will be formed on the north side of the present slip, and to such an extent as will admit of an intermediate wall between each side, or. in other words, down the centre. 'I his wall will be of 20 feet wide, and level on the top with the roadway just above the castellated little buildings known as the pay-gates. The present slip will be on the one side of this wall, and n was, s wwodeebdeltieoveh, ytea cothe new s li p on t h e other. The object of the a l tera ti on iw s h t icb tlan suggested mati b 4 ii th on e er A io d miis to a ralt y w and shelter to pasiengers landing or departing, when it blows fresh either up or down the river, as it will form a break water to prevent the tide from rushing over the pier, and the lee side of it may always be taken by the steam-boats to secure that advantage. It will also, to a great extent,- break - cif the wind and rain, which are so frequently an noying, if not dangerous to wayfarers. This wall, which will run to the point of the pier, on a level, (the slips forming inclined planes on either side,) will—a happy idea of the commissioners—be well flagged and surrounded by an ornamental ballust rade or railway, and will be lighted at night with gas, so as to render it a promenade for-loung ers or expectants, who, while enjoying the fresh air, may see the passengers landing or embarking, and pick out their friends or acquaintances, without going upon either of the slips. We think the purpose may be, still further improved, and suggest that this 20-feet walk might be spanned by a light roof of iron or zinc, provided with rustic seats, and on each side ornamented with evergreens and other hardy plants in pots or tubs, protected by wire work, which would render it a pleasing and almost rural resort. THE DOCK WORKS. These will commence with the formation of the Tidal Basin, of (as noted in the plan) 16 acres, with the beach ing ground on the shoreward, for coasters. On the north-west side of this basin, at the spot marked with a star (*), the formality of laying the foundation-stone of the great works about to be proceeded with, will take place. The basin will have two entrances, formed by the construction of an oblong island, between the point of Woodside Ferry pier and the southern corner'of the sea wall, to the north, which is to enclose Wallasey Pool. These two entrances, it is supposed, will afford beter ingress and egress of craft than a single opening, as either may be taken advantage Of according to the wind. South ward will be the reclaimed land on each side of the en trance to the Pool, or, as it will be termed, " The Great Low-water Basin," of 37 acres. The land'reclaimed, or made, on each side will be about 60 acres, or 120 in all, with a quay space all round of 300 feet wide. The gates from this basin to the Great Floating Dock above, of 150 acres, and of a depth of 19 feet, are so clearly defined on the map, that we need not supply any further elucidation. The Birkehhead Dock Warehousing Company possess the whole wide belt of land on the south side of the Pool up to Corporation-road, and will doubtless employ or let it, to the best advantage, fur lateral docks, warehouses, yards, quays, &c. Scientfic plans are in preparation. From the increasing trade of Liverpool, it is expected that the buildings erected will come into requi.ition as soon as built, for the storage of articles, especially those of abulky description. The opposite, or Seacombe shore will be equally available, and enhanced in value, fur the works now upon it or similar manufactories, as wall as for quays, slips, and new erections in warehouses or depOts. It will be observed that there will be a road or bridge over the gates from Birkenhead to Seacombe, near the river -wall, which will not only he a great accommodation to visitors, pedestrians, and others, but form a link between the two townships which they have never before enjoyed even with the advantage of Poulton-bridge, recently constructed, which is much higher up, and involves additional miles of travel. There is a small dock to be constructed early at the south end of the Low-water Basin. Our townsman, Mr. John Tornkineon, the builder of our Custom-house, and of our New Assize Courts, has obtained the contract for the whole of the Birkenhead Dock sea-walls, &c., and is deserving of the trust reposed in his abilities as an experienced and faithful workman. fle has already made great progress in fixing his double rows of perpendicular balks, with railways on the top, for the curricles to convey and deposit in their places the huge stones for the 16-acre basin; and these, extending along the shore from Woodside Ferry to the gut between it and the Patent slips, already show conspicuously from this side of the water. He has also laid transverse elevated rail ways for the same purpose, abutting into the present beach ing ground in that quarter; and he is preparing to lay down a railway for the conveyance of the principal part of the stone from the quarry at Flaybrick Hill, for the sea walls ; and has already got a new steam-engine for mortar grinding, and a new lime-kiln erected, on the shore facing the works. He has also, in this early stage of the works, and though the season begins to be unpropitious, a vast number of workmen employed—perhaps not fewer than two thonsgnd. We may state that, in addition to the handsome places of worship of the Establishment, and the Catholic and Dis senting Chapels, four new " Churches" are to be shortly erected, on eligible sites, as indicated in our plan,—to meet the wants and wishes of the rapidly increasing population. Birkenhead will, no doubt, derive very considerable ad vantages from the number of railways that will shortly terminate there, as well as from those nowexistiug. We may enumerate—the respective railways from BIRKENHEAD, to Birmingham and London ;—to Shrewsbury, Mont gomery, Welshpool, and New-Town ;—to Mould and Wrexham ;—to Holyhead ;—to Runcorn, Warrington, and Manchester •, and by various ways, in connection with' these and other lines, to all parts of the north and east of England. It is stated to us, indeed, that no town in the country will become so much the focus of railways, in a few years ; so that the docks and warehouses will be in direct communication with all parts of the kingdem. The government mail steam-ships, too, will there find s a haven of security, in place of anchoring in the Sloyne ; and the tidal basin will be of advantage to vessels bring* cattle, as they may at all times there discharge their livestock, without the necessity of losing a tide. In fact, Birkenhead is, (to use a Yankee phrase,) "going a-head in style." Hiving thus done justice, so far as our space will allow, to the improvements of Birkenhead, and in no way fearing honourable competition, we shall, ere long, furnirti a plan and. el.e4ol> .r.f the new clacks ;and im provements in our own town, which we have had in pre paration for several weeks. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. INDIA AND CHINA. (Frain the Times.) . The Indian Mail to the 27th of August has arrived, bringing letters and papers from Bombay to that date. The intelligence which they communicate, though not of a striking nature, is of considerable interest. Sir Henry Harding. strived at Calcutta on the 23d of July, and was immediately sworn into his high office. His first act was to continue Mr. Btrd es Governor of Bengal. On the next and subweguant shays he held Imo,e and dur bars, and het thus far gained golden Opinions from all parties, slthoi there Ire WPM! who appear to doubt his future proceedings, 1N being nearly connected with Lord Ellenborough. The most extraordinary criticisme conti nue to be made on that noble lord and kit acts, which have been characterised as the result of his caprices, although any one who will take the trouble of examining the dates, &c., it will moon become evident that the acts most con demned were all undertaken and carried into execution with the privity and sanction of at least some members of the British Government, although the Directors of the East India Company may hay* bean supposed to have been left in ignorance. Hence also the rumour got up by a certain party in Bombay, though against all probability, that Scinde and the Indus were once again to be placed under the odious yoke of the Ameers. Prior to his departure Lord Ellenborough was enter tained publicly by the officers of the army at Calcutta, and he then declared that his chief regret on quitting In dia arose from his separation from the military service, which he highly prized. He embarked on the Ist of August on board the steamer Tenasaerim, and immedi ately started for Suez. Every effort was making to stop the subscription got up to have a testimonial erected of him. The rainy season in the north-west provinces prevented all military movements. It was stated at Agra, that Sir H. Hardinge was about to undertake *journey to Allaha bad, whither the Lieutenant Governor of the north western provinces was about to proceed in order to meet him. It appears probable that the new Governer-Gene ral will not content himself until he shall have visited the principal stations in those provinces. The popularity of Sir Henry Hardinge with the military is likely to be increased, as it had been rumoured in Id dia, and as was said on good authority, that he was em powered to raise new regiments, to add one captain to inch of the actual corps, and to reintroduce the punish ment of flogging into the native army. This last measure appears to be considered imperative by the generality of the officers, especially since the occurrence of the several mutinies which have latterly disgraced the troops of Ma dras and Bengal. The mutiny of the 64th Regiment of Bengal Infantry, which had been repressed by the decided measures of General Hunter, had produced the most stringent pro ceedings on the part of Sir Charles Napier, the Governor of Scinde. The colours were taken from the regiment, and the trial of the forty ringleaders of the mutiny was, going on with the greatest care; it had commenced on the 22d of July, at Sukkur, and a strong example would, it was expected, be made of those who should be proved guilty. In consequence of the introduction of proper arrange ' ments, and the erection of suitable buildings, there is not near the former quantity of sickness in Scinde this sea son, though the 86th Regiment and two companies of Artillery had lost several men. - A small expedition sent to attack a fort called Bursho ree, thirty-six miles north-west of Khangur, had been obliged by the great heat to retreat back to Kliatightne Sheer Mahommed was still at large in the mountainous district, but he was nut able to collect forces sufficient to do injury. The news from the Funjaub represents that country as a prey to anarchy and confusion, and the lowest intrigues of assassination and Blunder by the chiefs. Heera Singh does not appear to be. fixed in his power, and expectation was afloat of great commotions agitating the Sikhs in the month of October next, at the time of the great Hindoo festival of the Dusserah, when all the native states are in the practice of making war against their enemies. The British Indian Government is the chief object of the Sikhs' hatred : and if credit can be given to the rumours current on their frontiers, that spirit of hatred is fomented by intrigues that take their oligin from Persia and Russia. Dost Mohammed, and his infamously notorious son, Akhbar Khan, have formed alliances (the latter a matri monial one) with Yar Mahommed, the usurper of the so vereignty of Herat, while they are also making arrange ments with Heera Singh for aiding the Sikhs in case of a I conflict with the British, with a large army, in the hope of ecTquering and plundering the north of India. These in triguesfutu:e policy o f Si r H enr y H a rdin g e ; for bees/ J eer pledged are we ll k nown , an d canno t f a il to influence the he may be to avoid a dispute with the Sikhs, circum stances more powerful than his promises are likely to force him into a war. ' The rulers of Cabot, Kandahar, and Herat, are described ' as acting with more unanimity than ever known before, and Heera Siegh, notwithstanding the difficulties of his Government, is eager to side with, and to be supported by those chieftains. It is. therefore, an absurdity to suppose that in India the British Government can govern by a merely passive syste m . Th ere i s b y f ar m ore security In the practice of rapist con ques t s , slate submiasion. which ewes the natives Another report stated, that Yar Mahommed had driven away the Persians, who contemplated an attack on his city. It was said also that the Wullee of Kiloloom was prepar• ing at the head of a considerable, force to invade the do minions of Dost Mahommed. The cause of the dispute is said to be the abduction of a youth of great beauty, who belonged to the Wullee, but whom the Dost detained since last year, when he came on a visit to Cabul. In Gwalior there were some intrigues respecting the command of the Jhinsee troops, who had mutinied against their chief, Bulevunt Rao, on account of his great oppres sion. It was said that an uncle of the young Maharajah would obtain the command. Bunklekund was tranquil, and great praise was be stowed on the police battalions, and especially on the por tion of them under the orders of Major Ferris, for their activity and energy in putting down the disturbances, and arresting the numerous Dacoits that used to infest those districts, before the measures introduced by Lord Ellen borough led to those favourable results. The succession to the throne of Holkar, at Indore, has been settled by the elevation to it of a son of Bhow Hol kar, who had married a daughter of Hurree Rao Holkar. The young Maharajah bad assumed the name of Tookajee Holkah, and promises well. He is described as a manly boy and has conciliated the goo d- w ill o f th e p eo pl e . boy,-and arrival in Bombay of Sir Henry t'ottinger from China has been the signal of great rejoicings. He was welcomed with addresses, and with dinners, balls, &c. The Chamber of Commerce presented an Address, to which his Excellency returned a most remarkable answr, in which the late proceedings and negotiations in China are reviewed. This document is worthy of great attention, as placing the question of the opium trade in a fair light Sir Henry Pottinger embarked at Bombay on the 27th of August, on his return to Europe. There has been considerable discussion respecting the cruel mode in which some of the Coolies who were sent back from the Mauritius to Bombay had been put on board, without any comforts, or even the common neces saries for the voyage. One of them died, and the coro ner's jury warmly expressed their dissatisfaction at the manner in which he had been put on board. The ship Royal Admiral, which sailed from Newport on the 16th of March, with coals from Aden, being forced by stress of weather to come to Bombay, was wrecked on the rocks at the entrance of that harbour on the 25th of July. The news from China does not come down later than the 21st of June, and was brought to Bombay by the steamer Driver, on board of which Sir H. Pottinger arrived there. Great dissatisfaction was expressed at the a meddling of i th t c h e h French i na . and tis mentioned Americans that Sir settled H. po t tn_ ger, prior to his departure, had introduced his successor, Mr. Davis, to Keying, when they held a conversation without the aid of an interpreter. This is considered a great advantage. There was Considerable satisfaction felt in Bombay in consequence of the mails from London having arrived there in twenty-eight days and sixteen hours, and it was expected that the voyage would be performed in much less time by powerful vessels when placed on that station. AUSTRALIA. Papers have been received from Sydney, reaching to the 20th of May, and these give rather more than usual premise respecting the prospects of trade, the markets having recovered in a slight degree from their late de pression, and the mercantile interest exercising caution in all their dealings. Wheat and domestic provisions generally were very abundant, and the value of stock was increasing. At a late sale working bullocks had fetched £2 2s. to £2 17s. 6d.; cows, £1 7s. 6d. to £2 10s. ; and the remainder of the herd, including calves, 18s. each all round. These prices were regarded as satisfactory in the present state of affairs. The recent land regulations were still the subject of debate among the colonists, and the inhabitants of Bathurst had held a meeting to forward their petition atainst the measure. The Sydney papers contain accounts from Perth, Western Australia, as late as the 23d of March, at which date the manufacture of glass, potash, vinegar, and the collection of gums and dyewoods, were engaging the notice of the settlers. with the view apparently of increasing their export trade, al ready exhibiting symptoms of improvement. Adelaide papers of the 28th of April have also arrived. Local im provements were the order of the day in South Australia, and as the rainy season was approaching, the state of the public thoroughfares was a matter of some anxiety. The question of political representation had been revived, and the papers give the topic every advantage for discussion. Of the expense of government loud complaints are made. It is stated that the wenith and capital of the colony may be estimated at £2,000,000 or £2.500,000 sterling, and the annual profits of its employment about £10,000; but yet to support the official staff £30,000 a-year is expended. Without some reduction takes place, the fear is expressed that the real prosperity of the place will remain undeve loped. Several appointments of £6OO and £BOO a-year, it is said, are enjoyed by persons who have little else to do than see that. subordinate clerks properly discharge their duties. These offices, it is suggested, could be abo lished or amalgamated, and an immediate reduction effect ed, though it nevertheless appears that to properly revise and regulate the matter as wished by the parties who have taken up the subject, the whole civil list must undergo a similar ordeal. Since the above was in type further advice. have been re ceived via Bombay to' the 29th June. The examinatic n of Mr. 'Spark, the insolvent manager of the Bank cf ♦ustralia, had elicibed the curious fact, that he, in course of lour years, with his influence as deputy-chairman, drew from it £45,000, the only equivalent appearing to be a mortgage on part of his proper ty, valued at £B,OOO. Some of tin other directors. it also_ apneared_lusit aupra.— pristed =Owes to their own use in a similar n.ianner. The colonial revenue for the quarter ending thit 31st of March was returned at £61,161, being 416,817 deficient, corn pareil with the same period last year. A good deal of excitement prevailed both al Sydney and Melbourne on the subject of the eeperation of the latter province from the government of the older colony. The town-council had refused to petition the Queen for the desired disineea berment, seven voting whist six. ARRIVAL OF THE " PETREL" FROM RIO DE JANEIRO. REDUCTION OF TONNAGE DUTIES IN THE BRAZILS. By her Majesty's packet Petrel, Lieut. Cresen, arrived et Falmouth on Saturday week, we have dates from Rio de Janeiro, of July 28; from Bahia, of August 14; and from Pernambuco, of August 21. Her freight is valued at £45,000, in gold, gold dust, and diamonds. The fol lowing were her passengers :—Mr. Dale, British consul general at Monte Video). lady, and son ; Mr. S. Chap man ; Mr. A. L. Bonaffe, Mr. T. G. Borozzo, Don D. Uriatto, Mr. T. F. Pereira, and Lieut. Suckley, R.N. Her Majesty's packet Linnet, next following, Lieut. Dicken, arrived at Rio de Janeiro, July 23, and would sail on her homeward voyage, it was anticipated. in 14 days, consequently she may be looked for at the close of this current week. The Alfred, with Commodore Purvis, was at Rio de Janeiro. The Ardent, steamer, left Rio for the coast of Africa on July 27. The Racer arrived August 11, at Bahia, on a cruise, and sailed again next day. The British barque Gwalior, from London for Bombay. had put in with loss of topmasts, at Pernam buco, and sailed for her destination on August 21. The Petrel's detention was from the pending negocia tions existing at Rio relative to the treaty with Brazils, now about to expire; but it is confidently stated that it has not been sent to England by this packet. The Linnet, it is supposed, will positively bring this commercial desi deratum. The Royal family was in good health ; and the Emperor maintained his popularity. No change has taken place in the administration. A material reduction is being about to take in the Bra. zilian tonnage dues, to commence the 6th of November nest, of which the following are the particulars: TONNAGE DUTIES. The existing charge under the denomination of anchor age duties of 50 rs. per ton per day, on foreign or national vessels trading with foreign ports, has, by Imperial decree, dated the 20th of July, been materially modified and re duced. According to the new regulations, which are to take effect on the 6th of November next, immediately after the termination of the treaty with Great 'Britain, the charges will be as follow : " Vessels with cargoes in and out, 900 rs. per ton for what period soever they may remain in port. " Vessels with cargo inwards and leaving in ballast, 450 rs. per ton. " Vessels entering in ballast and clearing cargo, with 450 rs. per ton. " Vessels entering in ballast and clearing in ballast, 300 rs. per ton. " Vessels entering in franquia, or touching at any port of the empire for orders, or for water or provisions, whe ther laden or in ballast, 300 rs. per ton. " Vessels entering in distress, free, provided no part of cargo be laden or discharged, other than for the purpose of naying necessary expenses. " Vessels having discharged and laden at one port of Brazil, can enter any other port of the empire, during the same voyage, free of tonnage duty. " Vessels entering in ballast from any one port of Bra zil may during the same voyage enter any and every other port of the empire free of tonnage duty, provided no mer chandise be laden at any such port. " National vessels trading coastwise to pay 30rs. per ton, but if one-half o- the crew be Brazilians, only 45r5., and if engaged in the fishing trade, free. " The vessels of those nations in whose ports Brazilian vessels are charged with higher port charges than are paid by the respective national vessels, shall pay one-third ad ditional tonnage duty, and the government is authorised to further increase the charge in such cases, so as to counterbalance the additional charge made upon Brazilian vessels in foreign ports. " Exchange, 25d., closing very flat. The Six per Cent. Stock continued very steady at 72, but subsequent tran sactions were at 69i to 70 ex dividend." DR. Wourr.—Letters from Erzeroum, of the 14th, state that Dr. Wolff is still detained at Bokharl. The Emir bad not yet returned from Samarkand. There is a Persian Ambassador at Bokbara, who will, it is rumoured, obtain this intrepid traveller's release.—Malla Gazglle. BELGIUM.—THE " BRITISH QUEEN."—This vessel has, with her fittings, been adjudged, subject to the ap probation of the Minister, to M. Van Leemput, for the of £6820 sterling. The ship's furniture was bought in, and is ofiered at £2OO sterling. Such a sale seems extra ordinary, but the expense'of mairtiance was b , :com , ng so irksome to the Belgians, that Wm determination evi dently has been to let the steamer go at any price, and much allowance for so miserable au issue is to be made on the ground that she bad acquired a bad name. A NEW MEANS OF DISCOVERING SMUGGLING- -- 'A well-dressed man, of great rotundity of person, a few days ago got into an omnibus at Lyons. A wasp settled on his stomach, and was driven away ; it returned, si,d was again driven off; on its settling there a third time, an obliging gentleman is front, desirous of ridding Ws fellow-traveller of the annoyance, made a sudden attempt to seise it, but took his measures so awkwardly, that the stout gentleman all of a sudden became contracted, and a quantity of brandy contained in a bladder, with a view to defraud the Octroi, flowed over the omnibus. In the midst of the confusion caused by this unforeseen accident, the gentlemen, no longer stout, rrride off. IRELAND. THI TRISH POOR Lew•—The chairman and the vice chairman, and seventeen other members, of the North Dublin Union have resigned their offices, in consequence of the overbearing conduct of the Poor-law Commis missioners. An officer of a regiment stationed at Cork, who had dis continued certain marked attentions which he had been paying to a young lady, was horsewhipped by her brother, at his hotel, on Monday. BLASPREMY.—At a public meeting held in Kilkenny to adopt resolutions, &c., to O'Connell and his associates on their emerging from the Penitentiary, a priest made a speech in which he likened the incarceration and release of O'Connell to the burial and resurrection of our Saviour. PEACEFUL REPEAL.—The latest Nation informs us that " the bulk of the Protestants have not joined, and till they join a peaceful Repeal is hopeless !" Since then the bulk of the Protestants ❑ot only have not, but never will join, it follows, by the old rule of logic, that a peace ful Repeal is hopeless for ever. REPEAL ASSOCIATION.—The weekly meeting of this body, yesterday week, was but thinly attended, and the proceedings, in the absence of Mr. O'Connell, were more than usually uninteresting. Mr. Alderman Keshan oc cupied the chair, and, in his opening address, recom mended implicit submission to the Liberator. Mr. M. O'Connell, M.P., handed in a contribution to the rent' from Barbadoes, the first that has come from the West Indies. The announcement of a contribution of £l5 lls. from the repealers of Liverpool, per Mr. George Smythe, was followed by a vote of thanks, carried by acclamation. The Hon. H. Hutchinson proposed some new regulations for the collection and transmission of the rent, which were carried unanimously. The hon. gentleman said, " One of the most pleasing, and, at the same time, moat important functions of the association, is the receiving of the weekly rent" ; and afterwards announced another proposition equally self-evident and indisputable. " The association," said he, " will readily believe it is of the utmost importance that the collection of the rent should be arranged in such a way as that the greatest sum should be got together in the shortest time." The plan in future is to be, to send in the subscriptions monthly, without waiting to make up a large sum, and the total amount from each district and place is to be recapitulated at every acknowledgment of a fresh remittance. From a statement read, it appeared that the repeal contributions of the trades and societies of Dublin, from January to Septem ber. 1844, amounted to £4,529 19s. 10/d.—Mr. W. J. O'Connell, of London, delivered a rather animated speech, and was afterwards rebuked in a friendly way by Mr. M. O'Connell, for having said, Ist, " That the Irish people should have repeal honestly and peaceably, if pos sible, but at all events repeal ;" 2ndly, " That the man who was not with them was against them ;" 3rdly, " That police and ribbon spies in England deserved to he ducked." Thus rebuked, Mr. W. J. O'Connell retracted, and apo logised.—Mr. Grattan, M.P., spoke at some length on the base and ignominious treatment of Ireland, and the rent for the week was announced to be £349 18s. 61d. UNIVERSITY 6- CLERICAL NEWS. The following appointments have taken place :—The Hon. and Rev. Thomas Robert Keppel, M.A., of Down ing College, to the rectory of North Creaks, Norfolk : value, £1,077. The Rev. Henry Sewell, of St. Peter's College, to the rectory of Burgate, Suffolk ; v lue £560. The Rev. John Booth, 8.A., of Queen's College, to the perpetual curacy of St. Stephen's, Salford ; value, £145. The Rev. John Wallis, 8.A., of Pembroke Col lege, to the perpetual curacy of Stainton-on-Crosscrake, Cheshire; 1. - 'B9. The Rev. James Charles Gregory, 8.A,, of Trinity College. to the curacy of Holt, Bradford, Wilts. The Rev. Henry Bryant, B.A. of Queen's Col lege, to be minister of the district of Murk:field, Che shire. The Rev. Timothy Brayshaw, M.A., of St. John's College, to be minister of the district of East wood, Keighley, Yorkshire. WELSH TITHES BELONGING TO ENGLISH ECCLESIAS TICAL DIGNITARIES.—The Times gives a list headed as above, from which it appears that a rent charge of £13.749 lls. 3d. in ten Welsh counties, is the property of thirteen bisheps, deans, and chapters, and canons in England. THE ST. ASAPIPI CONFIRMATIONS. —The Chester Courant, on competent authority, states that, so far from being dissatisfied, the Bishop of Sodor and Man was well pleased with what he witnessed on the occasions in ques tion. REGISTER OF BAPTISM AND Bit?. SITTLIMENT.— The Rev. H. Eley, of Broomfield 7carsge, near ( ford, having enquired of the Poor-law Conitnisetoners whether the register of baptism at the parish church was in itself sufficient evidence to prove the settlement of the parties baptised, the commissioners reply 7—" The register of baptism is not of itself sufficient evidence to pros, the place of birth of any person, with a view to ascertaining his settlement, although it may be adducod as one of the circumstances tending to prove it (H. v. North Pethorton, 5 B. and C., 508; It. v. Lahbenharn, 5 B. and Ad. 968)." 13kNEFICES AND CRURCEIIII.—k Parliami.naary docu ment Bas just been issued, containing a list of I.•.enasces and Ant, the Eaciewiaatieal JR, a.• • • • sloners for England, and made up to ttze lot of May I,st. From the summary it appears, that under schedr.l.! A the commissioners had in 4A li•ings, made by unconditional grant*, an annkrAl augmentation straousti nig to £25,779, which was divided under four brarvc.hes in tits following wanner :—ln places where the popalatioa was 2,000 and upwards, the income was raised to £l5O in 261 living., which amounted to £16,722; where the population was 1,000 and upwards, the income of 96 livings was rased to £l2O, making £4,374; where the population was 500 and upwards, 80 livings were augmented to £lOO, making £3,253 ; and in instances where the population was below 500, in 59 livings the income was increased to £BO, skulking a sum of £1,430. It further appears that grants have been made by the commissioners to moat benefac tions when the income was below £2OO in 48 livings. The commissioners have local claims upon tithes, &c., in 29 livings, tnd in 10 others the incumbents have claims for compenEatim for a e loss of fees surrendered to new churches. The aggregate number of livings, after de ducting 21 included in more than one schedule, which have been augmented, number 562, and the amount to £29,809. It thus appears, that under the provisions of the Cathedral Acts 562 livings have already been augmented by the sum of £29,809 per annum in perpetuity, and that sum is exclusive of money expended and promised to meet benefactions for building and purchasing houses of residence for incumbents whose annual incomes are below £2OO. RAILWAY INTELLIGEACE. Messrs. Mallaby and Townsend, the solicitors for the Birkenhead and Chester Railway, have inserted a notice in the Shrewsbury papers to the effect that a " Company is established to construct a railway from Chester to Shrewsbury, Welshuool, and Newton, with branches to Mold and Oswestry." It is calculated that the 31 railways for which Acts of Parliament were obtained last session will require a capi tal of £11,731,717 sterling. ROUEN AND HAVRE RAILWAY.—We learn from Paris that Messrs. Mackenzie and Brassey have just taken an additional contract for works on this line, amounting to £205,000. The tunnelling and other heavy works pre viously contracted for on this line by the same gentleman amount to about £6oo,ooo.—Railway Record. last an accident attended with fatal consequences oc curre d FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT.-611 MOnilay even i ng on the Leicester and Swanningion Railway, at the Bag worth incline. At this place the full waggons draw the empty ones up, and a man is statio,.ed as breaksman to regulate the speed of the full waggons in descending. The breaksman had made three " runs " down the incline on the night in question, and on the fourth his breakatick gave way, when he was thrown under the waggons, several of which passed over him. He lingered until Tuesday morning when he expired. THE HYDRAULIC RAILWAY.—The Journal des Che mins de Dr, of last week, announces the intended in troduction on the projected line of Railway from Winder mere to Kendal, of Mr. Shuttleworth's system of propul sion by hydraulic pressure. This statement of our contemporary will, we think, be "news " to the iaventor, who, we are aware, has been actively engaged in negoti ating the subject with some influential parties, .but has certainly not agreed to its introduction on any line at present. The conclusion of our contemporary must, therefore, be premature.—Mining Journal. CHURNET VALLEY RAILWAY.—The oppostion to this, it is alleged, will consist of four parties : namely the Lon don and Birmingham, Grand Junction, Manchester and Birmingham, and Trent Valley. We understand, how ever, that the first and last ant neutral. Certainly, the London and Birmingham, if the Trent Valley is to be made, cannot but regard it with a favourable eye, since it will cut off no traffic which the Trent Valley does not, and bring more to it. The Grand Junction say it will do them no harm, as it will only take £21,000 per annum out of their £410,000 traffic, and it cannot compete with them for the Liverpool trade, on account of the stringent na ture of their agreement with the Liverpool and Manches ter. Assuming that to be true, and we have no reason to doubt it from the quarter it comes from, the Churnet Valley must depend mainly on its local and Manchester traffic. We have heard of a change in this line into th e North Midland above Derby. If this is done, it will lose all its merit as a London and Manchester Railway. We have been informed, on the best authority, that it is not true that the Grand Junction Directors intend to lease the Churnet Valley line. —Railway Magazine. A Derby Sweep for 1545 will, we believe, be opened at Mr. Ni‘hite'B, Globe Hotel, on Monday next; the fiat horse is to receive £l5O. —•- • - - Those who are about to frame the Map, presented with our paper of to-day. will see by advertisement, that Mr. Jones, of Great George-street. announces to frame them a t pr i ces most easonable—o..e of the frames may be seen at our Office. - ----• It will be seen by advertisement, that an extensive supply of turtle is always kept at M. r. Vt Inteman's, Bruns w i c k H otel, an establishment, that from its general proxi m it y to the business portions of the town, and its great conv en i ence, is most liberally iqitronised. The tripe suppers commence on Friday evening next. The maps published under the superintendence of the Honourable Board of Ordnance are now completed as far north as Preston. They are to be procured either in s in Ate squares, in counties, or complete gets, frara the local agents of the board, M r . Waring Webb, stationer, Castle street, Liverpool, and Messrs. Simms and Dhibaaa, elm tiontrs, Exchange-street, Menclager. Oct. S, 1844. THE COURT 4 FASHIONABLE WORLD. HER MAJESTY'S RETURN. On Tuesday morning her Majesty left Blair 0 1 ° 1 shortly before half-past nine, and proceeded by Dundalk to Dundee, which place the royal party reached at three o'clock, every demonstration of joy having been made on the route. About half-an-hour after, her Majesty, lean ing on the arm of Prince Albert, and accompanied by the. Princess Royal, proceeded to the harbour, and after taking leave of Lord Glenlyon and Captain James Murray weal on board the royal barge. Lord Aberdeen, Lord Charles Wellesley, Lord Liverpool, and the ladies of the suite soon after took their places, and the barge was eboved off for the yacht, which lay outside the harbour. Lord Adol phus Fitzclarcnce took the helm, and in the course about ten minutes her Majesty entered the royal Volt amidst the cheers of thousands of spectators.. A rof salute was fired from the battery on the East Protection wall. In about three-quarters of an hour after the royal yacht got under way, followed by the other vessels of the squadron, and several other steam-boats which had bees waiting for the purpose. On Thursday, at a quarter-past twelve, the squadros arrived off Gravesend, and were received with a 5510 0 from Tilbury Fort. The run from Gravesend to Wool which was accomplished in about an hour and a half, an d precisely at five minutes past two o'clock her Majesty, Prince Albert, and the Princess Royal, attended by Vis countess Canning, Lady Caroline Cocks, the Earl of Aber,' deen, and the Earl of Liverpool, descended into the Au' miralty barge, and were steered to the landing-place 11 Sir F. A Collier, the royal standard having been taken down from the mast of the royal yacht, and a royal stan dard hoisted on the flag-staff of the Admiralty barge. Prince Albert came on shore first, and handed her Me' jesty out of the Admiralty barge, and three cheers Wer e given by the assembled spectators on her Majesty stepping on shore. The Princess Royal, and the attendants uPan, her Majesty, immediately followed. Her M a jesty rested for a few seconds on the first large step of the landing place, and appeared a little fatigued by the voyage' Prince Albert looked remarably well, and did not seen, to have suffered from the rough passage be had experi° enced. At ten minutes past two o'clock her Majesty left the dock-yard in a royal carriage with four horses, and a so. lute from a nine-pounder battery stationed on Green-hill the Princess Royal were in near the royal artillery observatory, of Captain Robe, announced her Majesty' Notwithstanding the strong hea. Majesty's departure the sarne w u for the terminus of the Great Western Railway at Pad dington, on her return to Windsor. Prince Albert and Albert,hthaving ven g castle performedatWindsor accompanied t he v by ao ty th e ateg ne jesty. head-wind, athg th ee e a sc voyageoh m e r m vi a w n agi d . accomplished in exactly 45 hours. minutesP T in h c ees Queen a e Royal,setn four a nd arrived Princeo'clock, t from Dundee to Windsor Castle within 48 hours. Her Majesty and the Prince were attended by Viscountes s Canning, Lady Caroline Somers Cocks, Major-Genera l Wemyss, and Colonel Bouverie. THE LORDS ARE TliE LIBERATORS. When first Big Dan old Ireland taught To blister with agitation, To bully and burn in heart and thought, 'Twas dubh'd Conciliation ! He_put hate into every whiskey-glass; And spite into every tatur ; So they utter'd a bull while their hearts were full, And they can't' him Liberator! . They called him Liberator—yes, 'Twas a sweet term of " soft sawder," Because he lEerated them From every law and order! He bacl , them curse Old England's sway, And no license could be greater Than that of his own tongue—save their's Who called him Liberator! Uprose the Government at last To quench this Irish " Crater," This foul-mouthed mount with lava lies, This burly Conspirator! In crime deep-dyed they had him tried, — The fairest way in " natur," And the jury took his liberty Away from the Liberator! There were many had boys tried with him, Each one a friend and victim; Dan never had firm follower yet. But, like a rogue, he trick'd him. Well, he trick'd these followers into gaol, The sure goal soon or later, But, thongh he had thus imprison'd 'em all, They called him Liberator! Yes. Barrett and Gray swore every day, Though fast they were in prison; And John his rot,, a darling one, Though he'd jeopa-dised his arisen ; And Duffy and Steele, though he'd made them feel, With Vey the Conciliator, How pleasant a bin was a gaol to be in, All celled him Liberator! The writ of error to get them out Was sent to the English judges, And because they knew that the law was true, He thought them a pack of fudges ! He'd have taken away their wigs an : gowns, And togged them in spins and gaiters, Before one a, al, een it Dublin town Should have called them Liberators! But the , the writ went up to the Lords, Those much Dan-vilified craters; He'd have taken away their titles and swords, And made them tavern waiters, Before he'd have raid a word for them, Beyo-Al caliina then addle-paters, If they hadn't that day have wade him say, The Lords are the Liberators! The 5101, the Hal', is ones more alive, The Hall of Conciliation ; And Ireland's now turned into a town, And Dublin into a nation ! And there's such a row iu that place of peace That it glade the Agitator, As he sits alone, like Old Nick on his throne, And plays the Liberator! " Hurrah for Denman l" loud shouts Dan, " For he's as illegant lawyer; But Lyndhurst is an evil man, Although just now top-sawyers The devil make room," he cries, " for Brougham, That squeaking, sneaking cratur; And give me Denman all over the world, For he's a Liberator ! " Hurrah for Campbell t—pride I feel To think that Dan can advance a Lor' (Oh, Ray ! what a pickle I wee in When they made that Sawney chancellor The Campbell's are coming,' and so is Repeal, Bagpipes are out of date, or I'd get up to his honour a Highland real,— Och ! Campbell's a Liberator ! " Hurrah for Cottenham I He's the lad To suit me and my money; As he never sat on a criminal bench, He was sure to acquit me, honey Cottenham, Campbell, Denman, all,--- Get up, ye sons of ta,turs ! And call me the devi:, or what ye like, But they are the Liberators !" From Fraser's Magazine for October. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET RACES. TUESDAY. The Hopeful Stases, of 40 soya each, were won by Mr. Maid of Orleans. beating Mr. Ford's Piccolina and six oth - rs• The Grand Duke Michael Stakes, of 50 sous each. were by Mr. Irwin's gh, beating Red Deer. Merort nobia, and All-round-my-Hat. The betting at starling Was ' 1 1 on the winner. The Buckenham Stakes, of 50, soya each. were gaiue- A bi Lord G. Bentinck's Cowl, beating two others. WEDNESDAY., 0 1 The Duke of Richmond's Pastoral won the St. Leger Stake' , 25 sovs each. For the Sweepstakes of 2no save each, Lord G. Bentin All-round-my-Hat was the victor, beating Lord Albema rle Scarmentado. Mr. ewton's Ma Mie won the .IESO Stakes, beating Aribl V tion and Revocation. t A w l be 'Thereee Albemarle e Lord as THURSDAY. be dit dead e mira heat es a Deakins sx t the afterwardsdS r w in e a ep a s a d k Sweepstakes r o r f eaec Z dt : tu e o : . c the stakes (5 soya subject to deductions,) and Alexanw walked over. The Town Plate, of Z5O, was won by Pastoral, beating rope and Candidate. - lc; 01 For the Handicap Sweepst a k es , o f 1 5 soya eac h , th e Do Richmond's Laird o' Cockpe n was d ec l are d th e w i nner . o , The Duke of Bedford's Prologue won the Rutland Stall'llo 30 soya each, bearing nix others. The winner made a 'Att. running, and won without being headed by about half a 101 i. The Queen's Plate, of 100 guineas, was won by the Do , V 1 Richmond's Pastoral, beating three others. This is theta race won by this horse duriui the present meeting. LATEST BETTING AT MANCHESTHR:y o . FRIDAY EvE. r ot' In the absence of some parties at Newmarket and others a d o id tingham, as well as Gorton Races, we hav e had very little wit o, upon future events. Yesterday-, The Brewer, for the Cesal!,,xet , receded to 20 to 1 ; 70 to 20 was tak en on S ouven i r an d PicW' G ior 20 to 1 on Haitoe, and 12 to I on Croton Oil and Aristotle; cot him-a-Name, Vibration, and The Bride, were nibbled upon at, 00 ton. As near as we can g l ean t h e average pr i ces o f a m arket " means settled, the following is the state of the odds : THE CESAREWITCH STAKES. s 4 to 1 agst Dawson's lot ; 6 to 1 apt Souvenir fitly; 10 to rac e ol Glossy (t); 14 to 1 agst Pickpocket; 14 to 1 agst eg s ; (t); 12 to 1 agst Jamal ; 15 to 1 agst Vibration (t) ; 13revc err Lightning (t); 16 to 1 agst The Bride (t); 16 to 1 agst The w ise 16 to 1 agst Una; 20 to 1 agat Haitue (t); 20 to 1 agst,r w 188' 20 to 1 agat William le Gros; 2.5 to 1 agst Aristotle; Foig-a-Ballagh. We have stated The Brewer at 16 to 1 ; t0 ..J5/: 1 the list offer we heard yesterday. Nothing done upon br a , so Offers just made to lay 12 to 1 each agst Glossy, Vlbr at Gi DERLIY A— erao. —5OO to 30 v. Kedger (taken at Nottingham lest The Newmarket Second October Meeting will be a most P t o one ; the list already contains the Cesarewitch, Clear well, r e : e ntl, gust, Royal, Bretby, Coffee-room, and Steppingley Staßel , et matches, one £lOO and four .e. 50 plates, besides a before`,-,,-i Selling and Handicap Stakes to close the night ra---elc, The Ratan investigation will come on in the early' part of the sn' and the sale of Mr. Thornhill's broodmares, foals, °- Wednesday and Thursday. eff There was a serious riot nt the 'Walsall races las , weey t and several of the police were injured. It origioot!,,tt an attack on a man who had laid au information itgai' coach driver. A l a WRITING. —The new system of teaching writing r ec c e invented by Mr. Thompson, Clayton-square , 1 09 " oa freeness of style prreisely what is desirable ir. the ing-house. Time style he teaches to ladies is pee n elegant and fashionable.—See addl. a pre: A RTIFICI AL LIGHT.-Vi ad•ertise to -day n•-• - ta iled paration fur burning in the vests and paragon lamp", este spirit. The variable properties of this article, 7 pr are coached for, it will be seen, under the band t) f the (Ire, must render it infinitely superior to anything 0404 kied hitherto in ugo for lamps, and we ars not au:l -, to Lugar, therefore of its getting greatly into regtl""