The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1854-02-28 00:00:00

THE LIFE-BOAT'S CREW An appeal on behalf of the wives and children of tl:e brave men who were lost in the noble endeavour to rescue the crew of a ship in distress, during the storm on Saturday, 18th Feb., 1854, off the port of Liverpool. What noble hearts beat in the breasts Of that right manly crew ; INTio to their fellow creatures help. Through storm and tempest flew. Who, danger scorning, dared to brave The perils of the deep — Beneath whose roaring billows They are sleeping their last sleep I They quaii'd not at the storms rude might, In majesty array'd ; The surging waves, the roaring wi n d, Coubt not make them afraid! Oh t noble deed, to save a life The boatmen volunteer; They part from wives, from children, all They love and hold most dear! They part from home, alas! alas! To see that home no more; — In vain their wives and children strain Their eyes along the shore ! They come not, for the angry sea Has foamed the boatmens grave : The surging waters seem to channt An anthem for the brave. How many aching hearts revere The memory of the dead ; For them hoer many sighs are heard, How many tears are shed. The widow and the fatherless Shall mourn and mourn in vain ; In this life they may never see Their well beloved again 1 Say, oh ! shall the poor bereaved ones Unpitied mourn and sigh? Stall tears, the bitter tears of woe, Bedim the orphans eye, Without a hand held out to help, A heart to sympathise— To smooth the rugged path of life— Soothe sorrows As they rise ? Ah, no, a thrill of sympathy Will echo through the heart; Will bid you help, and pity too — Will prompt the better part. Ye cannot bring the dead to life, But ye can give the bread That would have been so hardly earned By the now honour'd dead! Yes, ye can cheer the widow's soul— Gladden the fatherless; Deeds which the God of Heaven Las raid That he will surely blets. Oh, hasten then—do good, do good— Heaven will sure approve ; And conscience give a rich reward For every deed of love! Liverpool, Feb. 24, 1554. LITTLEQUILL. To eommend the Annals of Tacitus would be now a senseless task ; but to recommend perusal and study of the work, in an easily accessible English translation, to those whose want of early opportu nity has made it a sealed book in its nervous original language, is to perform a task which many will thank us for. The edition now under review is one of the series favourably known as Bohn's Classical Library, to which it forms a valuable addition. Household Medicine and Surgery, Sick-room Management, and Cookery for Invalids. Lon don and Liverpool : W. S. Orr and Co. THE. above is the attractive title, under which this enterprising firm puts out its second portion of interesting " Household Handbooks." The object of the one above-named, the first part only of which is now before us, is to put into the hands of general readers such a manual of the healing art as will render them intelligent observers of their own bodily functions and constitution, and as'such, more readily conversant with the means of repairing breaches in its condition, and of intelligently fol lowing the prescriptions of the regular practitioner by understanding the objects at which he aims, and by having a general comprehension of the means by which he seeks to attain those objects. The various subjects, so far as we have yet seen, are treated with an easy and succinct plainness which brings them readily within reach of ordinary intelligence. This simplicity and lucidity of manner is well illustrated in the following observations on REVIEWS OF BOOKS. The Works of Tacitus. The Oxford Translation revised. With Notes. London : Henry G. Bohn. THIS, which is the first volume of the famed historical work of the celebrated Annals of Tacitus, gives, in an agreeable English dress, the nervous and lucid narration of the great Roman historian. Commencing with a summary review of the family history of Augustus, it passes in rapid, but not less vivid recapitulation, the various incidents of Roman history, till, on closing the first volume, the reader finds himself engaged in studying the wild, rapa cious, foolish, and headstrong career of Nero, a public officer whose name is looked on as synony mous with all that is vile, selfish, extravagant, and abandoned in human nature ; a despot in whom is supposed to have been concentrated all that was odious in tyranny, shameful in sensuality, bar barous in cruelty, revolting in treachery, and imbecile in cowardly weakness. Such a combina tion, indeed, of evil passions and unbridled indul gence is popularly attributed to Nero, as to have acquired for him a notoriety as extensive and last ing as it is discreditable to our common humanity. That such a character is overdrawn may, indeed, be true ; but after making large allowance for the overeolouring, there still remains a fearful residue of uncontradicted accusation. Of his cupidity and credulous hope, as well as of his boundless and dangerously vindictive vanity, the following illus trations, if not new, may be instructive to some of our readers, as indicating some of the ROYAL PREROGATIVES AND AMBITION WHICH RULED IN ANCIENT ROME. After this, Nero was made the object of fortune's sport, through his own credulity and the representations of Cesellius Bassus, a Carthaginian by birth, and of a wild and irregular cast of mind ; who perverted a vision of the still night into a foundation for the most confident hopes : making a voyage to Rome, he procured access to the prince by money, and laid before him the intelligence that there had been discovered on his estate a cavern of im mense depth, containing a vast quantity of gold, not re duced to the form of coin, but in shapeless masses, as it used to be in ancient times. In fact, ingots of surprising weight were lying in one part, and in another were stand ing bars of the same metal : treasures which had lain con cealed for so long a period to augment the happiness of the present times. For the rest, to show the probability of the thing, he suggested that Dido the Phoenician, when she fled from Tyre, and founded the city of Carthage, had secreted those treasures, lest the newly-established people should run riot from superabundance of wealth ; or the kings of the Nureidians, otherwise inimically disposed, should be incited to make war upon her by a desire to get possession of the gold." In consequence of this, Nero, without sufficient evidence of the veracity of the man, or the credibility of his story, and without having sent persons to ascertain whether the facts were as reported, even heightened the popular ex pectation himself, mid despatched persons to convey away the wealth as though it had been spoil already acquired. Three-oared galleys and chosen mariners were employed, to facilitate despatch ; nor during those days did any other topic engage the credulity of the people, or the dis cussions of the wise. It happened also that the quinquen nial games were then celebrating, on closing the second lustmm ; and the poets and orators drew their principal materials from this source for praising the princi : for they said;'that not only were the customary fruits pro duced, and gold mixed with other metals, but the earth gave forth her treasures with unheard-of exuberance, and the gods brought riches and laid them at his feet ; with such other degrading flatteries as men of the highest elo quence and the most abject servility could invent, well assured of the credulous facility of the prince. • Meanwhile, his extravagance, encouraged by these - chimerical anticipations, grew still more excessive ; and his existing treasures were wasted under the idea that fresh ones had fallen in which would supply his lavish expenditure for many years. Nay, he even now made largesses from this source, and the expectation of riches was one of the causes of the impoverishment of the state : for Bassus having made excavations on his own estate, and on the surrounding lands, to a wide extent, affirming now this and then another place as the site of the pro mised mine, and attended not only by the soldiers but a throng of rustics engaged to do the work, at length came to his senses, and, wondering that his dreams should never have proved false before, and that this was the first time he had been mocked by one, he escaped from the anguish of shame and the dangers that threatened him, by a voluntary death. Some authors have stated that he was thrown into chains, and soon after released, his goods being taken from him in lieu of the royal treasure. Meanwhile, as the quinquennial games were now ap proaching, the senate, to avert the disgrace of the em peror's appearing, offered to him " the victory in song ;" and added "the crown of eloquence," to veil the indecorum of his theatrical exhibition. But Nero insisting, "that he needed not the favour and protection of the senate, and declaring that he was a match for his competitors, and would obtain the honours due to his talents by the con scientious decision of the judges," first recited a poem upon the stage ; but afterwards, the people importuning him "to give them the benefiit of all his accomplish ments" (their very words), he mounted the orchestra, and complied with all the laws of the harp : not to sit down from fatigue ; not to wipe off the perspiration with any thing but the garment he wore ; and that no secretions from the mouth or nostrils should be visible. Lastly, going down upon his knee, and stretching out his hand in a supplicatory form to the persons assembled there, he awaited the voices of the judges with pretended agitation ; and the populace of the city, for their part, accustomed to encourage the gesticulations of the stage-players, ap plauded him from one end of the theatre to the other, in meas ured time, and according to a set form of clapping : you would have supposed that they were delighted, and possibly they were, from insensibility to the public dis graCe. But those who had come from remote municipal towns, and occupied that part of Italy where strictne ss o f man ners and primitive simplicity were still preserved; those, too, who had com e from the various distant provinces in the capacity of ambassadors, ors, or on private business, could neither endure this sight,. nor we re able to _ perfo rm the degrading task ; for their inexperienced hands soon tired, and they embarrassed those who understood it, in conse quence of which they were often struck by the soldiers, diff e ren parts of the benches, that who were stationed in not a moment of time should be misapplied in discordant applause or sluggish silence. It is certain that many knights were trampled th at in making their vcay through the crowded avenues and the pressing multi tude ; and that others, from being on the seats for a day and a night, without intermission, were seized serius w o ith dangerous disease ; for, in truth, they had more apprehensions if they failed in attending the exhibition, there being many employed openly, and more secretly, to note the names and countenances, the alacrity or re luctance of the company. The consequence was, that punishment was at once inflicted on the meaner sort ; while his resentment against persons of rank was stifled for the present, and paid off afterwards. In the above extract we have abundant evidence of that curious compound of credulous greed, ignorant profusion, boundless vanity, and mistaken refinement, which met in constitution of an Imperial Roman of tin middle period of th e empire, THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, AND GENERAL. COiVIMERCIAL ADVERTISER. PARLIAMENTARY OATHS BILL.- TOWN' S MEETING. DISCREDITABLE PROCEEDINGS. A BILL having been introduced into the House of Com mons by Lord John Russell, for altering the oaths admi nistered to members of parliament on taking their seats ; and in the belief that this bill is a measure fraught with danger to the Protestant institutions of this country, it was resolved that the inhabitants of Liverpool should have an opportunity of expressing their disapprobation of the proposed alteration, and of adopting a petition to the legislature againi4 its adoption. In furtherance of this object, a requisition, addressed to the Mayor, soliciting him to convene a public meeting, for adopting measures to carry out these views, in the form of a petition against the bill being allowed to pass into a law, was presented to his worship on Tuesday last. The requisition, which was, within a few hours, signed by two hundred highly respectable and influential gentlemen, was as follows We, the undersigned inhabitants of the borough of Liverpool, valuing the Protestant constitution of our coun try, and the privilege of giving free expression to our sentiments on all important measures brought before the legislature ; and perceiving that a bill proposing to remove the only securities for our Protestant religion contained in the Emancipation Bill, has been read a first time in the House of Commons, and is announced for the second reading on the 27th instant, request your worship to con vene, at your earliest convenience, a public meeting, for the purpose of considering the propriety of a petition to the two Houses of Parliament, deprecating the dangerous character of the said bill, and imploring that it may not be allowed to pass into a law." The Mayor at once complied with the request so gene rally and respectfully addressed, and called a meeting, to take place in the Borough Sessions-house, on Friday, at twelve o'clock. The announcement proved greatly exciting to the Radi cal-and Popish party. A conjoint opposition was at once resolved on, and the followinc, circular was extensively distributed in the course of Thursday TO THE FRIENDS OF CIVIL AND RELIGIOUS LIBERTY. Sir,—You are requested to attend the meeting, called by the worshipful the Mayor, at the Sessions—house, to-morrow (Friday), at twelve o'clock, and support the bill proposed by her Majesty's ,government for dispensing with useless and offensive oaths. Ilrin; as many of your friends as possible. —James Aikin, W. Itathbone. W. Earle, John Yates, j-in., James Crosfield, Richard Sheil a J. R. Jeffery, J. B. Aspinall, T. Lloyd , James H. Macrae. Live'rpi)ol, 23rd February, 1854. In some degree to counteract the effects of this circular, and to prevent the meeting from being packed by the opponents of its objects, and in the belief that, as on several former occasions, adjourning the meeting to the Amphitheatre, as being larger and more commodious, would be complied with in this instance, arraagements were made for , securing the use of the building. The Working Men's Branch of the Reformation Society, like wise, issued the annexed circular : DIGESTION. " All organic substances possess the power of taking from the external world certain solid and liquid matters, which assimilate to their own nature, and thus repair the waste they are continually undergoing. It is to this re newal of their blood from without that digestion is in strumental. If we follow the food from the mouth to its incorporation with the previously existing tissues of the body, the waste of which it is its office to supply, we shall gain a sufficient knowledge of the function of digestion, and see how important to the preservance of health is the integrity of its operations. " The food, reduced to a pulp by the movements of the teeth and the admixture of the saliva secreted by the salivary glands, is swallowed by a somewhat complex muscular action. It is moved about in the stomach by the contraction of muscular fibres ; and, being there mixed with the gastric juice —a peculiar fluid secreted by the lining membrane of the stomach—it is called chyme : this chyme is then, in successive portions, transmitted, by muscular contraction, into the highest part of the intesti nal tube, termed the duodenum, which is a kind of second stomach, where the partially assimilated food is first mixed with the bile, and then with the secretion derived from the sweet-bread or pancreas. From this mass a whitish fluid—the chyle—for the immediate nourishment of the blood, is now extracted by the absorbent vessels, termed lacteals, the extremities of which abut on the lining membrane of the highest parts of the 'intestinal tube, while the residue, or excrementitious portion, is sent downwards by what is termed the peristaltic action of the tube, for evacuation. The chyle, taken up on a very wonderful plan by the lacteal tubes, is transmitted through small organs termed mesenteric glands, whence, after important changes, it is again collected by what are named the efferent lacteal tubes ; these by degrees unite together into a trunk, to form the thoraic duct, which, commencing in the abdomen, passes through the chest, and terminates at the point of junction of the internal jugular and sub clavian veins on the left side of the neck, and into which it pours its contents. The chyle, being thus mixed with the venous blood; is carried with it to the right side of the heart ; and, by the motion of the heart, is thoroughly mingled with that blood which now, reinforced by the chyle, is transmitted to the lungs, where, by exposure to the air, the venous blood is converted into arterial ; the arterial blood, so rendered fit for the nutrition of the body, being sent forth from the left side of the heart, is conveyed by the great arterial trunk and its branches, to the capil lary blood-vessels, which pervade all the sensible parts of the body. From these capillary blood-vessels the several component textures of the living frame attract the new matter, of which they stand in need; while that which is already reduced to the state of debris, re-enters the blood of the capillary system, and returns with the blood, now become venous, to the right side of the heart. The blood, having become impure by the admixture of the debris of the tissues, and from other causes, is purified, partly by the lungs, by which a superfluity of carbon is thrown off, while, by the slow combustion which it sustains, animal heat is developed; and partly by the kidney, of which last organ the particular office plainly is to keep the blood free from the various chemical products generated during the successive decompositions which the textures and their first debris undergo. Having in this brief, but connected manner, stated the organs, functions, and processes of digestion, the author next proceeds to show the vital importance of their harmonious action in securing the enjoyment of health ; and points out the irretrievable ruin imposed upon the constitu tion by subversion of the laws which govern the operations of digestion. In treating of specific diseases, the best authorities are quoted ; and such a simplification of their views is laid before the reader as will enable any one to comprehend, in an ordinary way, the rationale of treatment inculcated. If carried out in the manner in which it has begun, this will prove indeed a valuable popular handbook. The Mercantile Marine Magazine and Nautical Record. London : W. Foster ; Liverpool : J. R. Cameron. This periodical, of which the second number only has reached us, is devoted to an exposition of nau tical and other sciences affecting, in a peculiar degree, our mercantile marine. In the present number we find interesting papers on the subjects of " Storm Charts of the Atlantic," " The Mari ner's Compass and its Deviations," both very im portant subjects of discussion. We also find the introductory portion of two admirable papers lately read in Liverpool by our talented townsman, Mr. J. T. Towson, on " Great Circle Sailing." The remainder of these papers is promised in subsequent numbers of the Magazine. The publication ap pears to be judiciously conducted, and must prove useful. The Monthly Journal of Industrial Progress. Edited by W. R. Sullivan. No. 2. A well con sidered repertory and chronicle of industrial pro gress.—The Irish Church Journal, and Literary and Theological Review. Nos. 1 and 2. This is a spirited effort for bringing the state of theologi cal literature, and the value of its operations upon general society in Ireland, prominently and favour ably before the public. An Account of the Present State of the Eccle siastical Courts of Record ; with Proposals for their complete Reformation. By William Downing Bruce. London : H. Adams. In this pamphlet, which is a well-timed one, and one devoted to a subject of much importance, the author reviews and exhibits, from extensive practical observation and study, the deplorably imperfect system and arrangements which pervade our ecclesiastical courts of record. After a tren chant exposition of the defects, he submits the annexed PLAN FOR THE REFORM OP PUOCHEDINGS IN ECCLESIASTICAL COURTS. All the original wills throughout England should be deposited with the officer appointed by the crown • they should all be printed in the form of the present Chancery proceedings, and an index of the whole should be formed.. A copy should be sent to each county court. In future,, all the wills should be printed at the expense of the executor, and a copy sent free to the Stamp-office. Thi3 would save the country a considerable sum per annum. One copy should be sent to the county court of the dis, trict in which the person died. These wills and indexes should be placed under the care of a proper civil officer, and really for such a purpose none appears so. pro per as the principal registrar of marriages, &c., for that county. Each person named in the will should have a printed notice from the principal officer of the court. The county courts might decide all cases under eak and in disputes of a larger amount the superior courts should have jurisdiction. All proceedings should be exercised in the name of Her Majesty, and all proceedings. headed " Her Majesty's Court of Probate." From the above extract, it will be seen that Mr. Bruce has directed his attention to a practical remedy for the evils he exposes, and of which he complains, Limited Liability Partnerships. Longmans. London : A pamphlet on the right of the public to form limited liability partnerships, and on the theory, practice, and cost of commercial charters, by Edward Wilkins Field, who claims a right to be heard on this important subject, on the ground of his being a solicitor, who has for thirty years been engaged in the construction and repair of partner i ships and companies, and dealing with their remains when decayed. Of the main subject of his pamphlet we have treated more at length, but in an appendix he has given replies to objections made to granting a limited liability charter to any American screw steam-packet company, extracted from paper s . printed by the House of C ommons . These replies are couched in such a tone of flip pancy and insolence as to be beneath contempt, and those whose cause he has attempted to espouse may well say ; " Save me from my friends." Little Ferns for Fanny's Little Friends. By the author of " Fern Leaves from Fanny's Portfolio. London : Nathaniel Cooke. IN this elegant gift-book we have presented to us a number of pleasantly told stories, in which the humanities are admirably blended with the amuse ments, and in which the teachings of experience are interestingly mixed up with the routine of youthful enjoyments. The aim of the author, and it is happily earned cut, is to sweeten instruction, arouse reflection, and open up the fountains of practical generosity and kindly feeling. These objects are accomplished by the introduction of thrilling pathos, of sly - humour, and of broad, stilling mirth. The volume is a most attractive one for children, embellished as it is by charmingly executed little engravings, illustrative of yet more fascinatingly instructive moral lessons. NEW MUSIC. Christian Lays. Words by the Rev. R. Mont gomery, M.A.; music by G. A. Macfarren. London : Rust and Co. The second part of these popular sacred songs, now before us, fully supports and extends the good characteras poetical eftlisions, and as musical com positions, which the first part induced the ex pression of. VARIETIES. A PECULIAR EXPRESSION.—When Moore was getting his portrait painted by Newton, Sydney Smith (who ac companied the poet) said to the artist, " Couldn't you contrive to throw into his face somewhat of a stronger expression of hostility to the church establishment ?" A GENTLEMAN.—Show me the young man who can quit the brilliant society of the young to listen to the kindly voice of age—who can hold cheerful converse with one whom years have deprived of charm—show me the man who is willing to help the deformed who need help— show me the man who shuns a blasphemer, the traducer of his mother's sex—who scorns, as he would a coward, the ridiculer of woman's reputation—show me the man who never forgets an instant, the delicacy, the respect that is due to woman in any condition or class, and you show me a gentleman—nay you show me a better—you show me a wise man and a Christian. WATER IN BREAD.—The quantity of water which well-baked wheaten bread contains amounts on an average to about forty-five per cent. The bread we eaf, therefore, is nearly one-half water ; it is, in fact, both meat and drink together. The flour of wheat and of other kinds of grain contains water naturally, but it absorbs much more during the process of conversion into bread. One hundred pounds of fine wheaten flour take up fifty pounds, or half their weight of water, and give 150 pounds of bread, One of the reasons why bread retains so mu& water is, that during the baking a portion of the starch is converted into gum, which holds water more strongly than starch does. A second is, that the gluten of flour, when once thoroughly wet, is very difficult to dry again, and that it forms a tenacious coating round every little hollow cell in the bread. which coating does not readily 'allow the gas contained in the cell to escape, or the water to dry up and pass off in vapour ; and a third reason is, that the dry crust which forms round the bread in baking is nearly impervious to water, and, like the skin of a potato which we bake in the oven or in the hot cinders, prevents the moisture within from escaping. The pro portions of water, gluten, and starch or gum in well baked wheaten bread are nearly as follow ;—Water, 45 ; gluten, 6 ; starch, sugar, and gum, 49 ; total, 100.— The Chemistry of Common Life. LOVING AND LIKING.—Of the French language, Can ning is reported to have said in a dispute, " Why, what on earth, sir, can be expected of a language that has but one word for liking and loving, and puts a fine woman and a leg of mutton on a par, as `J'aime Julie ; l'aime un gigot " Onr American women, however, are open to the brilliant Englishman's sarcasm, confounding, as they do, the words to such an extent that their distinction is practically annihilated. To " like," as a contemporary observes, is altogether too tame an expression for a lady's choice. She "loves" everything for which she has any affection, penchant, appetite, or fancy. "Oh, I dearly love turnips!" exclaimed a lady, the other day at the table, says the Post, who merely meant to say that she liked the vegetable in question. "Do you, indeed !" ex claimed an ascetic old bachelor of her acquaintance, who , sat opposite. " What more could you say of your hus band ? or that beautiful child of yours ? or even of your Redeemer, madam ? Love turnips ! I hope you may find something more worthy' of your affections !"—Northern Farmer, U. States. CIRCASSIAIC AVERSIaIf vc RIIMA.—A few years ago a slave-ship sprang a leak ont at sea, just as a Russian steamer passed in the• distance: The• Turkish slave-dealer, who preferred even the chill blasts of Siberia to a grave even in deep water, made signals of distress, and the steamer came up in time to rescue the ship and its living cargo from destruction.• But so deeply is hatred of Russia implanted in every Circassian• heart, that the spirit of the girls revolted at the thought of becoming the helpmates of grey-coated soldiers, instead of sharing the sumptuous couch of a Turkish Pasha. They had bid adieu to their native mountains with little emotion, but as the Russian ship approached they set • up terrible and despairing screams. Some sprang headlong into• the sea; others drove their knives into their hearts.; to these heroines death was preferable to the bridal bed of a detested Muscovite. The survivors were taken to. Anapa, and married to Cossacks, or given to ofikers as servants.— Blackwood's Magazine. BACHELOR HOUSEREEPING.—I think I see him ! Ragged dressing-gown ; beard two days old ; depressed dickey ; scowling face; out at elbows, out of sorts, and— out of " toast !" Poor thing ! Don't the sight make my heart ache ? How should he be expected to know that bread was the forerunner of toast, without a wife to tell him ? Bachelors never cut their " wisdom teeth !" It is astonishing how people can make themselves merry at their expense. I consider their case calls- for the deepest commiseration. It is. not toast they want—it is a wife ! Toast will naturally fellow, and in fine order too!. But, bless your soul, the poor creatures don't know half the time what ails them.. They have a generaLundefined feel ing of discomfort which they cannot account for;- never can find their winter and summer clothes when they want them; moths eat upon their woollens ; the washerwoman ruins their flannels—letting them soak in the water— scorches their Sunday dickey, and irons off their shirt buttons ; stockings get mis-mated ; if you pulled off their boots, you would find they were—" Oddfellows I" Silk neck-ties want hemming ; when they run their arm into a coat sleeve it gets-tangled in a ragged lining ; lose •their port-monnaies, because the daylight shines through their pockets : fingers all peeping out of their gloves ; miss half their duds, moving from one boarding-house to another ; chambermaids thumb their nice books with greasy fingers, use all their Cologne, and make acquaintance with their head and tooth-brushes ; let all their letters and notes — everything but their tailors' bills—stay down stairs a week before they are delivered. Poor things ! They feel themselves perfect cyphers, every time they see a family man go strutting past, like chanticleer with his hen and chickens ! Afraid to ask a woman to have them, for fear she will say "Na " Ain't their sufferings intolerable ? Fanny Fern. THE DEATH. OF Louis THE FIPTEENTIL—ACCESSION Or Lours THE. SIXTEENTH AND•MARIE ANTOINETTE.— Louis XV. died at Versailles on the 10th of May, 1774, while the dauphin, the dauphiness, the royal family, the court, and the gentlemen of the household were silently awaiting his last sigh in the ante-chambers of the royal apartment. In their uncertainty of the moment when the old monarch.might cease to exist, when etiquette required that the new king should quit the palace of - the defunct one, it had' been concerted with the chide- of the royal stables—whose duty it was to bring forward: the carriages —that a wax taper, which was burning in a window of the royal bedchamber, should .be extinguished at the moment when the dying monarch had breathed his last, and that this should be the silent signal for the entrance of the equipages into the courts of the palace. At the moment the taper was extinguished, the dauphin, who had retired.with the dauphiness into their apartment, heard a soundlike a rumbling peal of thunder-in the interior of the palace. He arose;. disturbed at: the approach of so unusual a noise. It was occasioned by the hurried foot steps:of hundreds of courtiers and officers of the crown, who.were rushing from the ante-chambers of the late king : to precipitate themselves into those of the future monarch.. At such a sound—which tumultuously announced from the very first moment a reign of noise and agitation—the youthful king and queen instinctively fell upon their knees, and elevating their hands together, exclaimed as with one voice, t May God. protect us ! we are too young to reign.!" The king was scarcely twenty,. the queen not nineteen ; and the kingdom, worn out with the vices of the last reign, would have required, to...raise and consolidate it, the eagle-eye of genius, the heart of heroism, and the maturity of a sage.—Lamartine's History of the Constituent Assembly. GHOST STORIES.—Left Holland House in tittle to get to Rogers's, where Sir W.. Scott was to call for us. Called at three to take us to dine with his son, Major Scott, at Hampton. Scott very agreeable on the way. Told him our conversation at Holland House about ghosts, which brought on the same topic. His own strong persuasion,. one night, that he saw the figure of Lord Byron. Had been either talking of or reading him ; and on going into the next room, was. startled to see through the dusk what he could have sworn was Byron, stand, as he used to do when alive. On returninginto the drawing-room, he said to his daughter "If you wish to see Lord Byron go into that room." It was the effect of either the moonlight or twilight upon some drapery that was hanging up, which to his imagination, just then full of Byron, presented this appearance. Rogers's story of the young couple at Berlin in their opera-box, between whom, at a distance, there always appeared to be a perion sitting, though on going into their box, it was found that there was nobody there but themselves. From all parts of the house this super natural intruder could be seen.; but people differed as to its appearance, some saying it was a Pair man, others a dark ; some maintaining that he was old, others that he was young. It should be mentioned, that there was some guilty mystery hanging over the connexion between these young people ; and as, at last, no one ventured to visit their box, they disappeared from Berlin. This anecdote Lord Wriothesley Russell brought with him from abroad. Scott (who evidently did not like the circumstance being left unexplained) proceeded to tell a story of Mrs. Hook, the wife of Dr. Hook who wrote the Roman History ; "it being well," he said, "to have some real person to fit one's story on." Mrs. Hook becoming acquainted and intimate with a foreign lady, a widow, at Bath ; their resolving to live together on their return to London. Mrs. Hook, on coming down stairs one day at this lady's lodgings, meeting a foreign officer on the stairs, said to her friend next day, " You had a visitor yesterday ?" the other answering, "No ; she had seen no one since Mrs. Hook left her." Mrs. H., thinking this odd, going another day into her friend's dressing-room by mistake, and seeing the same officer there alone stretched on the sofa. Being now sure there was something not right, determined to mention it to the lady ; who, at first, said it was impossi ble, but hearing a description of how the officer was dressed, fainted. Mrs. Hook, convinced it was some im proper liaison she was carrying on, determined gradually to give up her acquaintance. The foreign lady soon after was Preparing to go to London ; and Mrs. Hook, being in the room when her maid was packing (the lady herself not being present), saw a miniature case fall out of the portmanteau ; and taking it up and opening it, saw the portrait of the very person whom she had met on the stairs. " That," said the maid, "is the picture of my mistress's husband." " Her husband ?" " Yes," an swered the maid; "he died a short time before we left Germany." In a few weeks afterwards, there arrived an order in England to have this foreign lady arrested, 911 01 4Argi of murdering her huphancl :—M9re'ff Pfe, REFORMATION SOCIETY. Protestants and Fellow--townsmen,—A meeting convened by the Mayor for this day (Friday), will be adjourned to the Amphitheatre. Fait not to attend at the Amphitheatre at twelve o'clock, and show by your numbers and your voices that you will not permit her Majesty's government to unpro testantize and unchristianize this nation. At the hour of meeting, it was easily perceptible that the circular sent out by the Radical party had been effec tive in its object, and that a majority of those in the Sessions-house were adverse to the purpose for which the meeting had been called. The placard had also been at tended to by those to whom it was addressed, as the Amphitheatre was completely filled, considerably to the neglect of the place in which the meeting was originally convened. At twelve o'clock his worship the Mayer, attended by the Town-clerk, entered the meeting and took the chair, and was received with applause. Amongst the gentlemen present we observed—Messrs. William Rathbone, William, Earle, Thomas. Bolton, P. F. Curry, Walter Macgregor, Mr. Raffles, barrister c David Hodgson, Charles Robertson, Chris. Bushell, J. R. Jeffery, Alderman Bold, Charles Horsfall, Charles Turner, George Maxwell,— Heyworth, jun. H. J. Webster,. E. T. Hall, Rev. W. Pollock, Rev. Dr. strNeile, J. R Aspinall, bar rister, Jas. Tyrer, Josias Booker, John rates, un., Adam Hodgson, R. Shell, James Aikiny Mr. Bradley, Alderman. Parker, Kr. Toulniin, &c., The MAYOR requested the. Town-clerk to read the re quisition, which he accordingly did ; and , stated: that two hundred names were appended-to it.. The-MATon said he considered• that when a requisition was presented to the Mayor, by' a respectable portion of theinhabitants it was his duty to. call a meetingof the inhabitants if lie thought it was. not that which might be considered detrimental to the interests of the town vend, upon that ground, to take the chair, simply for the pur pose. of keeping order in the meeting, and to use his best endeavour that all , those who wished- to address it might receive and limes hearing fairly ant impartially. it was not the Mayor's duty to take part in the discussion, but simply to preside over, and to request or enforce -order. (Hear, hear). Therefore, the same course which ha- had pursued' on receiving a requisition to call a meeting on the subject of decimal coinage, and in calling the town's meeting; on juvenile delinquency, .had actuated him ,in calling the present meeting, the requisition on behalf Of which was more numerously signed than for either of the 1 other two. After these observations, of course, it would . 1 be for those who had arranged to take part in the discus sion to at once proceed with the business for which:they had been called together. Mr. C. BusnELL said he was not going to takes.' any part in the proceedings by way of making a speech , : -but he wished to suggest to, the mayor,' that that was noirthe meeting intended to be hejd by those who signed tlis• re quisition. Those who promoted the meeting were not of opinion that the• public feeling.-which existed OR; this question could be represented in a building like that, and were aware that, on former occasions, an adjournment had taken place to the Amphitheatre, the building-m(li narily used on those occasions, and which was at that mo ment quite full of people, supposing that an adjournment would take place, and that the , meeting there had only been summoned formally. Therefore he suggested. that the mayor shesid kindly adjourn that meeting, which did not represent in any degree the-feeling on the queation.— (Cries of "Noo no," and " Yes, yes.") Mr. W. RATanoNE protested against that. (Hear, hear.) The • Sessions-house waa esteemed as the -Mayor's room. The meeting had been called there, and ha:trusted that no mayor of Liverpool would condescend to be dic tated to by a Protestant Association. (Laugitter 'and applause.) Mr. D. Iroussox rose and attempted to speak. Mr. RAuwBONE continued': He would just say that the placard:, summoning the meeting to the Amphitheatre was in the name of the Protestant Associations and not of the mayor. . _ Mr. D. HoroGsorr trustedAthe mayor would not be dic tated to—(uproar)—in the exercise of his discretion and sound judgement. He was perfectly sure he would take care-that the meeting -which he called sitould give a large expression to the opinions of the town of Liverpool. They knew the gentleman-who had risen up opposite — they knew his zeal—they knew his party spirit. (A voice, " Whore's yours ?") He did not deny that berms not em hued with Mr. Rathbone's• spirit—he was a Conservative in his principles. (Cries of "'Question.") He should move, if necessary, an adjourmeut, but he considerea that that was the mayor's sole privilege, and that nobody had a right to domore than offer an opinion. Mr. W. EARLS, who was received with. applause and, laughter, said,—Gentlemen, is this a meeting of the in.. habitants of Liverpool, or of the Protestant Association:?- The fact is, sir, the • lines have been outwitted on this occasion, (Loud laughter.) This is nothing but a party movement, and the•Amphitheatre is packed, I dare say, with eloquent men;. and there they are all " cooked," and I hope you will let them remain. (Loud laughter.) Mr. A. HODGSON hoped that, as had been expressed, by the gentleman near him, the mayor would not be dictated to by any party. (Hear, hear). He )91r one would not have been a party to, ask the mayor to call any meeting to carry any certain measure whatever. The question was the repeal of certain oaths. There never had been in his time any statesman (cries of " Question, question ;" " Vote, vote"). Mr..liodgson said he was speaking strictly to the question (uproar). The 141 A on.—Allow Mr. A.. Hodgson, and. when he is done I will say a word as to what I thing e the proper course. Mr. RoDosox said he had meant to say that the meet ing was called for discussion - and when they were for ap plying to the legislature on. Epoint open for discussion, it was right that a great town like Liverpool should meet not in, an angry spirit (a voice " Meet where? the meeting is packed"); but meet for calm and rational discussion. (Uproar.) The. MAYOR said, he- felt that he- was blameable for allowing the discussion, that had taken place. He must now call. upon some gentleman to. bring a substantime motion before the meeting, which there was not yet. When that was seconded, he thought a discussion might take place solely on what that motion might be ; and: he must ask gentlemen-to confine themselves to it. (Applause). If Mr. Bushell should move that the meeting be adjourned, and some one would second it, he should then be in a po sition to keep gentlemen to the motions before them, It had always been the practice that an adjournment had taken place upon a motion carried by the meeting. Mr. BusnaLL said he had hesitated to move the ad journment of the meeting, because he did not in the least wish to interfere with the mayor's functions. He had hoped that the mere statement that those who desired to attend that meeting on both sides believed the building was totally incompetent in size to hold the numbers that would attend, and who had naturally and rationally gone to the building used on such occasions. He (Mr. Bushell) had thought it would not be necessary to put such a motion. The MAToB asked the town-clerk what had taken place on former occasions. _ The TOWN-CLERK said that the last occasion on which there was an adjournment was in Sir John Bent's mayoralty. A motion was put and carried, and an ad journment took place accordingly. Mr. G. Maxwma, said,—l want to ask you, Mr. Mayor, one question, that is, whether, in the course of the discus sion that has arisen between you and the requisitionists, you, as the chief magistrate of the town of Liverpool, had made provision for the inadequacy of this hall ; and whe ther the Amphitheatre had been engaged by you in that capacity ? The MAYOL—I distinctly answer Mr. Maxwell's ques tion, and state that my mind was a perfect blank as to the adjournment before I came to this meeting. Mr. ASPINALL. — That is not an answer to the question. The MAYOR.—Mr. Maxwell asked me whether I had engaged the Amphitheatre. I have not engaged the Amphitheatre, and will take care that the Corporation money does not pay for it. (Loud applause.) Mr. EABLE.—The gentlemen behind me are in a quan dary—(laughter)—but I can tell you all the secret worth. knowing. (Laughter, applause, and hisses.) The Amphi theatre was engaged at noon, yesterday, conditionally. (Hear, hear, and cries of " Vote vote," and "Adjourn.") The MAYOR again rose, and said—l tell you, it is my duty to you, gentlemen, and myself, whose time is as pre cious as your own, to ask that a motion should be pro posed, or else I will not permit any of these discussions to take place. Mr. BtlllitliLL then moved the adjournment of the meeting. If they had been foxes, a s th e y h a d been ac , of Wing, they Oda %WV bye deg thAt which was empty a little before, but they did not do it. They relied upon the justice and truth of the cause that they advocated, and they did not resort to any trick. He moved an adjournment to the area of the Exchange. (Cries of "No, no," and great confusion.) Mr. ASPINALL.—Make it Clayton-square. The Rev. Dr. M'NEinz here made his appearance, and was greeted with alternate cheering and hooting. He said—Mr. Mayor, I rise to second the proposal Mr. Bushell has made. If fair discussion be the object, the opportunity is now given for fair-play. (Applause and uproar.) If the object be to take advantage of a mistake on the part of the public going elsewhere. (No, no, laughter, and uproar.) But I say was it not a mistake ? (No, no; and a voice " Did not the mayor call a meeting here ?") If the object be fair discussion, why will you put it on record that, because you seem to have a majority in this room, you refuse to go to the area of the Exchange ? (No, no, and uproar). It will go all over the world that you are afraid of discussion. You have got ib few hundreds of people in a small room, and you are afraid to meet the question. Liverpool— (groans.) I second the motion. (Laughter and uproar). Mr. JAMES TIMER supported the motion. He was pro ceeding to address the meeting, but was prevented by noise and uproar. The MAYOR said if they did not listen to every gentle man who wished to address them, he should take the matter into his own hands and adjourn the meeting tine dia. (Applause and uproar.) Mr. RATIEBONE.—Mr. Mayor, I wish to move an amendment. (Cries of " Vote, vote," " The foxes," &c.) The MAYOR said that the amendment was in order. Mr. RITHBONE.—I ask any man of common sense whether we, upon this grave question—and an important question it is—l ask anybody whether a discussion in the open air or on the Exchange would be of such a character as so grave a question requires ? I say it would not ; and therefore I move, as an amendment, that the mayor remain here, and that the discussion goes on here. (Ap plause, uproar, and cries of " Adjourn.") Mr. MAXWELL seconded the amendment. After some discussion, in which Mr. CHARLES TURNER contended that it was not a proper amendment, inasmuch as it was only a negative, Mr. Thos. BOLTON said he had attended there punc tually. The building was not full, and he never knew an adjournment under such circumstances. (Cries of " Vote, vote.") Tl 4 TOWN-CLERK then read over the resolution and amendment, when the latter was put and carried by a very small majority, followed by cries of " oh, oh," and loud applause. The4l.A.Yoic then announced that the Rev. Mr. POLLOCK had a resolution to submit. Mr. Pollock stood forward, and was received with mingled applause and disappro bation. Mr. THOS. BOLD' would move that the meeting be ad journed till twelve o'clock on the morrow at the Amphi theatre. ("No, no," and laughter.) Mr. Amur then stood forward, when the Mayor said. that Mr. Bold was in possession of the chair. Mr. BOLD said his reason for the motion was, that he did not think that either party was prepared to enter into• the discussion in the way that they should. (Laughter.)- , They had better adjourn till next day at twelve, and then there would be no charge of packing. (Laughter.) Mr. JAMES TYREE believed, with Mr. Bold, that it would not give satisfaction to the town or the country to have a packed place any way. He was against any pack ing at the Amphitheatre ; but let a public building be selected by his worship, and have fair play, on to-morrow, or some other day. Could that meeting he should ask the Mayor, possibly show the feeling of the town ? A protracted altercation took place in reference to Mr. Bold's motion, which was participated in by Mr. J. Aikin, Mr. J. R. Jeffery, and others. The MAYOR decided that Mr. Bold-s amendment was in order, and put it to the meeting.;- but it was- lost by a large majority. The declaration of this result was the signal for renewed cheering, hissing, and uproar. The Rev. W. POLLOCK then rose, and said It is not, in my humble judgment, upon any trifling or light occa sion that the chief magistrate of this borough should be called upon to convene a public meeting- of the- inha bitants of this town ; and especially if, as appears t 3 have taken place already, the subject under discussion is likely to elicit or provoke any division of the public mind. And I am most willing to admit that, at a moment like the present, the - true friends of the country ought not to be easily induced-to array themselves on any question in open opposition-to the responsible advisers of the crown. (Hear, bear.) Never. ministry needed more than they at the pre sent crisis- the blessing of God, from above and below, the cordial support of a united nation. But, sir, — [At this juncture, the numbers who hnd.hitherto been patiently waiting at the Ampitheatre, having heard that the proceedings had. commenced, rushed into the room; and for some minutes considerable confusion ensued- The comnaritively small room was spedily filled. the passages and various approaches being crowded by struggling, crowds, who stamped upon the floors and.. battered at the walls almost unceasingly, producing. the= greatest uproar. Order having been partially restored.] The Rev. W. PoLLocit resumed his address. But there were occasions in which it was forbidden them to. take council with inaction and inexpediency, or even with their own earnest longings after unanimity and peace ; and he, for one, believed •that such an oecsasion had arisen —an occasion which justified them in imposing on the public the-burden of the present meeting, and which called also for their prompt and peremptory resistance to a measure now in progress-through the Lower House of Par liament. Mr. Mayor, (said he,) I shall endeavour, as briefly as possible, and in justice to my own feelings, and in a manner as little painful as possible to the feelings of others—for, I utterly disclaim a desire to wound the feelings of any man ; and if I do vound any man's feelings, Lwound my own in doing so—l shall endeavour in this wsy to state as , briefly, and, I trust, as fairly as possible the facts of thatase. (Hear, hear 4 There have , been hitherto oaths imposed upon all members of parlia ment, upon their admission to seats in the house. Some of these oaths are of very- ancient date, and:they are, and always have been, imposed upon the Protestant members of the house. One of these is of a more recent origin, having been enacted for the first time, so lately as 1829, as part of the Roman Catholic Emancipation Bill. It is now proposed by Lord John Russell, and, therefore, by Her Majesty's Government, to abolish all the oaths at present in existence, and to substitute for. them one new oath to- be taken by alb members of the house. Now,. sir, we believe —we who have signed this requisition— believein our consciences that the most serious objections are to.be taken to the measure in question, and we are-. here to , state them. I think I should best do so by con— sidering the oaths of which I have spoken separately:: first, the oaths which have hitherto.. been taken by Protestant members of the legislature ; and afterward, the oath which has been taken since 1829, by the Roman Catholic members er the house. By the Protestant oaths the members were bound to true and faithful allegiance to the crown; they were further boundto acknowledge the right and lawful succession of the , . sovereigns of this country; they were bound to declare-that the sovereigns of this country were supreme over. all estates of men therein, both ecclesiastical and they were further bound to the denial that the subjects of those sovereigns might be absolved by the Pope from their allegiance. (Ah I ah ! and great groaning.) That was the oath at all events. (Cheering.) They were bound to deny that princes excommunicated by the Pope might be lawfully deposed or murdered ; and, in addition, they were bound to acknowledge- in every thing the entire supremacy of the crown. [The interruption by which M. Pollock had been met throughout his address here became so loud and incessant, that the rev. gentleman was (breed to desist from speak ing, his observations being entirely drowned in the tumult, loud,eries for adjournment forming a considerable inrtion of the interruption. In, the body of the hall an dividual raised upon the shoulders of those surrounding him endeavoured to say something, but he entirely failed in being heard, the cries for adjournment becoming still more loud, and more urgent than before.] The 3/Alma said that as the meeting had already decided on the question of adjournment, he could only regret that the parties who now demanded it had not attendawhen the meeting commenced. [The clamour, instead ordiminishing, if pomible became still greater, the people.. outside battering the doors com munieating from the magistrates' room, which, like ths , passages, was crammed.with human beings.] The Miyox announced that he had sent for the Towu-- clerk, in order that he- might consult with him as to the mum best for adoptipn, Mr. Ja_siss_Arixr*, who said he rose to a point of order, was heard amid the deafening noises,., to assert that the disturbance arose-entirely from the supporters of the requi sitionists. (Cheers. and cries of "Question.") Mr. Potraocx,.7-That is not a point of order. The MATos..—Gentlemen, Mr. Plllock is ready to pro ceed if you will, listen to him. Mr. Pol.loCL — Will you let me speak or not ? (Cries of " Yes, yes," and " no, no.") The further oath to which he was allv,ding, bound them to,declare " that no foreign prince, prelate, person, state, or potentate, had or ought to have any jurisdiction, power, superiority, pre-eminence, or anything ecclesiastical, or spiritual within this realm," (" So you say I" from a man, of formidable pretensions, with a huge patch on the nose, who was reared upon one of the. witness-boxes.) A Votes.—" He's a freeman !" (Cheers, confusion s and laughter.) Mr. POLLOCH.—Come, now, keep your temper ns,y good fellow, I am trying to keep mine. This is what the oath says. It is, I say to all you Englishmen, what, at the present moment, the British constitution says by the oath ; and upon the face of them these oaths, whether rightly or wrongly, were distinctly directed against the assumptions, the pretensions, and the dogmas of the papacy. Rightly or wrongly, (the speaker continued,) this was the law • and in almost every one of its provisions some accredited dogma of the papacy was impugned and attacked, and, in one instance, the Pope was mentioned by name.. ( A Roman Catholic : " They might let him alone then.") From all this it distinctly followed that, rightly or wrongly, from the day of the Reformation np to the pre sent moment, it had been considered wish on the part of the. British legislature to maintain a firm protest against the See of Rome, and to throw the defences to which he had alluded around the cherished protestantism of the British nation. (Hear, hear, loud cheering, and groans.) He begged further to draw attention to the fact that the protest contained in this declaration was as strong as it possibly could be. It did not deny the civil or temporal power that the pope might assume or usurp, but it went to the root of the matter—it denied that he had any supe riority, pre-eminence, jurisdiction, or power, ecclesiastical or spiritual, within this realm. This was the language of the oath. By such a declaration, the whole power of the pope was absolutely denied by the British legislature — rightly or wrongly, it mattered not for his present purpose; because when it was declared that " within this realm he had no spiritual or ecclesiastical authority," this was a dis tinct protest upon the part of the country . against his claims to be acknowledged as the head of the universal church, and therefore the protest contained in these oaths struck at the very root of the whole pretensions of the papacy, and of the faith of the Church of Rome. (Cheers and violent interrup tions from the Roman Catholic with the patch on his nose.) This being the clear design and force of the oaths until now imposed upon the protestant members of parliament, he put it to any fair, honest, arid candid man—of whatever party —whether the abolition of these oaths did not involve a dis tinct and deliberate retirement from the position taken by their forefathers, and by the nation, ever since the reforma tion—(hear, hear, cheers, and opposition from the Roman , Catholics)--wlntlia A OA act di ti inyolyt th con fession that until now they had been in error in this matter, and they were either ashamed or afraid to legislate any longer in the distinctive character and attitude of a Protestant nation. (Great cheering and opposition.) It was upon these grounds that, in the first instance, he should have the honour to submit the following resolution, which, as far as he understood the case, and could enter into the minds of others, he could not see that any man in that meeting ought to oppose. The resolution was— " That in the opinion of this meeting the measure pro posed by Lord J. Russell for the abolition of the oaths at present taken by members of parliament, and for the substitution of a new oath instead thereof, involved a serious invasion of the Protestant character of the con stitution." (Groans, ;hisses, and cheers—the former pre ponderating.) And here he wished to advert to the arguments which were brought forward in favour of the present measure by Lord John Russell, and by his sup porters. It had been said—and he should endeavour to state those arguments as fairly as possible—that the oaths in question were only safeguards ; that they were adopted from time to time, as occasion seemed to arise : but that the dangers which they were intended to meet had passed away, and the oaths themselves had passed away also. Who believed that, in the present day, the Pope had the power of absolving subjects from their allegiance ? Who believed that a king- could be murdered ? (Groans and hisses.) Was not the last scion of the house of Stuart, whose pretensions were denied in the oath of abjuration, gathered to the sleep of his fathers ? (Laugh ter.) Then, again, was there any man who would any longer, in the face of this Protestant nation, stand up and advocate mental reservation or equivocation as a right and moral thing ? (Laughter.) Then, again, it had been said that it was quite enough to oppose and to deny the temporal power of the Pope ; but as to denying his spi ritual power, it was doing so in the very teeth of the facts of the case, whether they liked it or not. On all these grounds men were in favour of the measure which was sought to be introduce& And they said, once for all, our liberties and faith were to be entrusted to some other safeguards than oaths, for if men were otherwise disposed to be faithless to their vows of allegiance, and their duty to their country and their sovereign, a sworn oath would never bind them. That was the argument fairly stated, as far as his knowledge knew it. What was the sensible and comprehensive reply to it all? (A voice : " The Town's-clerk's here now." A second voice : "We don't-want him.") It was that there was a false impression abroad on this matter The oaths in question were not mere safeguards, and never were intended to- be such. They were more than this ; they were —and he had shown it—they were protests also. (Cheers, laughter, andhisses.) They were not mdrely intended to be defences• against invasion from without, but for what he, for one, considered a thousand times more important, to be testimonies from within to the Protestantism of the nation. (Cheers.) Aye, and they were the only remaining traces of the Protestantism which once belonged to the British legis lature. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) It was on these grounds that he protested that these oaths should not be Bar rendered. (Cheers and hisses.) If he regarded those oaths in the light of mere safeguards, then his regard for them would be very light indeed. He had been com pelled, by a very painful and very humiliating experience; to- come to the conclusion that oaths, however strong,. would never be binding on disloyal hearts. (Hear, hear.) But, regarding the declarations' in the light of protests, he- placed upon them the very highest value; and he treated that they would not be allured to be withdrawn, for he believed that if they were; they would so far stultify the past, and also become- disloyal to the cove nant- which existed between God and this country, and they would lose accordingly. (Cheers and laughter.) It was• said by some, after all, that the doctrines and practices- alluded to in the oaths were utterly bygones, and so entirely obsolete, that surer it was nothing short of folly still to declaim against them. (Hear, hear.) He' wanted some indisputable' authority for the truth of the statement that these doctriites and practices were entirely out of date. He wanted Lord John Russell, or' any other man who agreed with him, to• show him, on sufficient authority, that the opinions, practices, dogmas, and pretensions of the Church of Rome, which were com plained of and disclaimed in these declarations, were absolutely out of date. He should like to' know when a single• pretension of the Papacy had been abated, or one dogma changed. (A. voice, " Infallible.") Ex actly, infallible;. Lord John Russell does not believe that, but I do, you know. (Confusion and uproar for several minutes,) Let my Lord John Russell; fhe can— (" Three cheers for Lord John Russell ;" cries- of "No,") let him show me where I can meet with an authoritative and authenticated repeal of the 3rd canon of the 4th Lateran council, an. infallible dogma and decree-in which the absolution of the subjects of excommunicated princes from their vows of allegiance is distinctly and accurately defined. Let him• tell me, again, where I can discover that the Bulla Cana> Elbmini was included in the Index Ex purgatorius ; or that the Bull of Pope Pius the sth, by which he excommunicated our Queen Elizabeth and ab solved her subjects from their allegience had, upon any occasion, been abjured and condemned by his infallible successor Pope Pius the 9th. (Great cheering, followed by immense hooting. and uproar from the Roman. Catho lies.) I wish to know, again, where it is that the Church of Rome, through any of her authenticated channels; has abjured the doctrines- of mental reservation and equivoca tion ; those doctrines which she has just canonised in their worst form by canonising St. Alphonso Lig,ucri. I want Lord John Russell to tell me how it is that the so called spiritual powers of the Pope cannot possibly interfere with the temporal affairs of the realm; and I would suggest that he illustrate his argument by the present relations be tween the Grand Duchy of Baden , and the Archbishop of Freiburg. (Great laughter and cheering.) I wish to labow frOm Lord John Russell and his friends how it is we•are to know that ultra-montanism has been utterly given. up in all its doctrines in-the present day, and that it is-ut terly out of date ; and I would suggest that he should give us some explanation of the statements of the Univers in France, and of Mr. Lucas and Dr. Cahill amongst our selves. (Renewed cheering and uproar.) Again, if I am told that the Queen's supremacy is acknowledgedlby all classes of the community, I should like to know he it is that at many public dinners in this country, and I be lieve in this town, the-health of the Pope has been drunk before the health of- the Queen. (Cries of " Question," "question," laughter; cheers, and a voice —" Why not'?") Now, sir, if any person can show me that these things-are out of date, are obsolete, upon sufficient authority, and not upon his own individual. statement, I for one do say that the time for our protests upon this matter has gone by ; but as long as I am. able to read these things upon the page of history; as long as the Roman canon law exists ; as long as the Church of Rome boasts that semper eattem is her motto ; so tang as by her law of infallibility she has cut herself off from all possibility of reformatica, or of change ; sodong...l maintain that those who conscien tiously differ from her in this matter; are bound to main tain their protest' against her, and to deal with her -as history deals with her—as the disturber of the peace of nations. One word , more upon this part of the subleet. I am sure every person will readily see that there -is a great difference--between the supposition that we might be called upon ,to legislate for the first time in this matter, and' the fact that we are not called upon to legislate for the first time ; but, on the other hand,: to sweep away enactments which have been long found upon the statute books of this country. (A voice, "high time !" and cheers.) If we were a new country, and had for the first time to constitute a new house of parliament, I don't say that I am prepared to go so far as to maintain that we ought to put these protests into the declarations of members of parliament ; but, seeing that they have ex isted for now 300 years, I do say some good andsufficient cause should be shown why we are to sweep them all away. (Cheers, and continued uproar.) Where is that sufficient cause ? (Cheers and confusion.) Have the protestants complained upon the one hand, or the Roman Catholics upcn the .other? They have not. The Roman Catholic body tame forward, very much to their credit; before -the passing of the Emancipation Bill, and declared that they ware willing to take the oaths. I don't mean to say they were willing to take the very protestant oath which I have read, but another; the only difference, however, being the denial of civil instead of spiritual power. (Cheers and confusion.) Bat where is the necessity for this change ? There is no call for it in the country. (Renewed cheering:) It has come-about in a very shabby and discreditable way.. Lord John Russell, being defeated in alkother efforts, he has made for a given purpose, and having solemnly pledged himself, as I believe, in 1852, that he would not do the very thing he is now doing, at length proposed— (" Question, question")—Lord John Russell, in violatieu of his distinct pledge, now comes forward and proposes. to abolish these oaths, not that he has any objection to them in themselves, or their protestant character, but simply that he may do what he said he would not do —bring in, by a side wind, the Jews into parliament. (Great cheering, with , hooting from the Roman, Catholics, and other radicals.) Upon the question of the admission of the Jews to parliament, lam not going . to say a single word, except that it is a matter which ought to be brought forward on its own merits, and not attempted to be foisted upon the nation by a side wind. (Cheering.) And I say more, it is too great a price to pay for it, even if it is as desirable a measure as some may think, that we should utterly obliterate, for its sake, the Protestantism of the English nation. (Renewed cheering and groans from the opposition.) And now, sir, I come to consider the oath, imposed by the legislature-upon Roman Catholic members on their admission into parliament, by the bill of 1829. It is notorious—and I defy any man to contradict me — that that oath was offered—rightly or wrongly, wisely or unwisely—offered by the promoters of the emancipation bill as a security for the protection and maintenance of the Protestant religion, the Protestant Church, and the Protestant government of this country. (Loud cheers) I say, accordingly, that upon the very face of the thing, if you withdraw that oath, you make a most important change in the constitution of both houses of parliament.. I will read to you the words ;—" And I do declare that no foreign prince, person, prelate, state, or potentate hath, or ought to have, any jurisdiction, power, superior ity, pre eminence, or authority, temporal or civil, within this realm. And I do solemnly swear that I never will exercise any privilege to which I am or may become en titled, to disturb or weaken the Protestant religion of the Protestant government of the United Kingdom ; and I do solemnly, and in the presence of God, profess, testify, and declare, that Ido make this declarat ion in the plain and common-sense words of this oath, without any mental reservation or equivocation whatsoever." My position (the speaker continued) is this, that Roman Catholics were not admitted —whatever you may say about it — upon equal terms into the House of Commons. They were permitted in all other matters to enjoy and share the common privileges of the Protestant members ; but there were restrictions laid on them with -regard to a cer tain number of questions, which were intended to bind their hands. They were bound by an oath ; and he would put it to any man—would the Duke of Wellington or Sir Robert Peel have supported the bill, and would any member of the opposition have gone over to the side of the supporters, unless the oath. had been proposed to be taken by the Catholics as a guarantee not to weaken or disturb the Protestant government of this country, and not to subvert the church as it was established ? (Hear, hear, and loud cheering.) He would not stay to inquire whether that oath was good for the per formance of the bond. He stood by the simple fact that Roman Catholics never had7sat on equal terms in either houses of parliament.. (Hear, hear.) Aud when they were called upon to abolish the existing oath, it was a call most distinctly to commit a serious invasion on the Protestant constitution of England. . (Cheers and laugh ter.) So long as the present oath taken by Catholics re. TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1854• mained on the statute-book, so long was it a theory ° I constitution, that the Protestant religion, churc io e 0 government of the country were inviolate, and in 'e of (Cheers, groans, and hisses.) But the momentee t abolished it was tantamount to a declaration that " 0 istence of the Protestant institutions of the count m" become an open question, and from that moraent„ l ' e c je be discussed as any ordinary question, such as " laws, or the navigation-laws. (Laughter and hisse' r e [A person in the body of the meeting, who vies_,,a strenuous in his " hissing," was pointed to the 60 by a gentleman on the bench. His worship assns) that if he again interrupted the proceedings ' mark him ; he would have his ey ]e on him. ttait ?j The rev. gentleman then proceeded to remark 4 . e gat desired to acknowledge that provision for the lk°',,,,te succession to the crown had been made in the eel :a a but all security as to the maintenance of the ot her testant institutions of the country was entirely ;er e away. (Groans, followed by 'cheers). The measure, ceated, which was carried in 1829 would never kal! arried then but for the submission of the Cat" ° e the introduction of this oath. The same oath w a d troduced in 1813, by Calming, but was not then to be sufficient security. (Uproar). He wished t°ee the admission which they had just heard, but if the±:o ters swept away the solemn oaths which were ielPlie Roman Catholics, they invited an attack upon ? r ate which would soon extend to the throne. It is, 3 0 ; 'Lae under the convictions which I have endeavourea fectly to express, that I consider this meas ure an in...tt on the Protestant character of our constitution. 1 "'";p1 we are called upon to-day to deal with an aggreall, (Ye eee the Protestant institutions of the country, just aeard and far more fatal than the so-called Papal agga' - e rs which created so great an excitement, and frighteneA r s Lord John Russell himself from his propriety. (`•Aaf and cries of " Time.") That aggression was, afte r fd a piece of insolence from without : the present age° is a proposal from within to destroy the public recOV of our national protestantism ; a proposal from ava,a effect in our constitution a fundamental and an °p change ; for it withdraws the protest against 1 0 , 1 v 4 tained in the Protestant oath on the one hand, and l il , t o the hands of the members of the church of Rowe e assert her—(great cheering, with groans and yells fr°lo/01 Roman Catholics, which drowned the remainder t , sentence). I ask, finally, is this a fit and proper naolefii' that fundamental change ? (Cries of 'Yes," a nd , ro e At this moment we are about, I fear,. to plunge 0 struggle that may yet shake Europe to• its centre' 0 which not one man in this meeting may live to gad close. And I, for' one, say it with all respect to th e 0 . 0 ings of others, but wishing honestly to express my i$ that it is not the moment in which this Protestant 1 0 ot should break her covenant with God. (Cries Of oh I" coarse shouts and hisses, and derisive laughteTV the Roman Catholics , and Radicals.) The coveuan li t individual with his God is a matter sacred, Oa own soul ; but the covenant of a nation with 1 :1 must be contained in her public acts, confessionai crees ; and I ask whether we are now prepared i° that covenant—(cries of ' No, no")—which is gi" ..° our open Bible, and which; upon the other hand, 11 ° - e? on our part, sealed with many a martyr's blood ? 7 the days in which these oaths, now proposed to b c ol f fished, were enacted as part of the qualifications fet e d hers of parliament, God has blessed this country ej ) 0 She has arisen to an opulence--(lnterruption,, at cordant cries of " Time, timer) Since that day a 'c g fl signally shown His favour to• this country by rei'l r• ' 0 ton-position never before attained by any counaldi 1 heaven; but I solemnly believe, and, as a inin l "2 9 CChrist,,be I feel bound to testify my lief, that we s, y, to sena different state of things.l believe we el t o l , to seelhat they only who honour God are honeio A P Him a and that He will no longer go forth with ou r V if we-wantonly and sacrilegiously pace light and cl_ . l, on theliame level in the councils of the nation, Prat 0"' ourselves the children of indifferentism, and blot oe .$ erase her Protestant Christianity' from the ban lir t England; (Immense cheering, followed by the l' e/ ' fire.) 9 Mr. JAMES Triune seconded the-resolution. I , ° , l :af:,'' self, he could only wish that the gentlemen Iva," oe, anxious that the oaths.should he altered, would fe's:a a a change in their creed and doctrines ; but lie ili e si think they had a right to ask them to' surrender _f i eY,, safeg-uarda a their faith. The famous• letter of I ,o .`as Russell to the Bishop of Durham, showed that hi s ,oo o ship had no favourable intention towards the ai3O! Catholics, so that his present attempted side -0 ' merely an endeavour to introduce the-Jews into 511 / . , meat. He had great respect for Lord John 11, (cheers and laughter)—but he thought it did not t gl him to endeavour to get the Jews into' parliame u side-wind. (Cheers, hisses, and groans .4: t l f Mr. Was. ItiTHISONE rose to move air arne ndine a olk• troducing hie , observations by his characteristic A l O Mayor," the-peculiarly successful tone •of which r,-, Fr, mimicked bra wag in the body of the court that too semblage became convulsed with laughter.. He eel a hope that they would give him an attentive and.llol hearing. In the first place, he intended to denlop!A•til, rev. speaker in .about two sentences. (Derisivel P y and cheers.) Yes, he intended to demolish everi c 4 be had said iii :two sentences. He doubted r the a pt d and sincerity of those who hoped to bolster up auf A 0,., by anything but true sectarian principles, (Ghee a irlIA hisses.) Theresolution he had to move -was, .. 0 1, 4 maintenance neither of the religious nor the• polio ti stitutions of this country depends upon the.adnunis of of oaths, involving religious tests." (Great ch e f hisses, cries of " . bravo," and considerable uproar.) did did not like oaths at all, but sorely hisrev. *jot', Rev. W. Polka) , considered the oath proposed le ",,e 4 : , John Russell to be enbatituted for the other o' ° "coP,' ciently binding.- He earnestly asked their seriO t eel'' deration to thaamendment, repeating thietaas-aer ° . o re 1 if he thought - the proposed alteration would ii.! ,1 1 De a faith, he should be one of the martyrs:to pat l'ahr. into the fire, rather than support an ramendine n ch Ott would check the-Christian Church—he didn't ou rii i,l derstand protestantism—but the whole Christeotiran`'ed V • —(a prolonged; burst of indignant outcries ar i a remainder of the sentence.) alf o 7 Mr: W. EARLE' stepped forward to second. th s cr ee ment, and was greeted by a shower of " halls, , e a, ' 4 " order," anda other interruptions. He' stood tior., said, as a true Protestant, not as a Pharisaical Pr°l 1, -(hisses)—but as a P r ote s t an t w hoa ina intaie'l opinions, if they were right, independently of All I persons. - e' ( Mr. SIMON; barrister, claimed permission t 0 l'.o- upon the amendment, as a member of the Je',Y,af , i suasion —(hear, hear)—and, feeling interested, ti l ' e nt•, not merely in: the present measure befdre Parli a l fi 4 far as respected his own race, but as it asserted an fe ats tained the principles of religious liberty. The, o tr, gentleman, proceeded to argue at great length' laas;',i oaths intended to be altered had notairarealith " - VI tended to _apply to Jews ; in point of fact that , ,K, 'period of their enactment, there were no Jews in •°": t a 1 "7,4 they having been expelled from the country cent Vd fore. The laws rendering such oaths obligator/ P ;eoi, made for securing the country and the legislature sg,lo' the equivocation and mental reservation charge d !? the Roman Catholics. detes t, The .Mugs said, before putting : the araeialra 4 , wished to draw attention to a paper which " 5 .,e 0 ,4 handed to him, from gentlemen in.the magiaarate' t ce" who hadbeen unable to obtain admission. i n to the 0 0 (Loud cries of " Hear, hear," "Nee no," "Chair',o " Amendment," &c.) The paper was from ge'▪ ' who were in the Sessions-house; having bee n .. thither' by his (the Mayor's) placard. calling the t a t i g and he. considered that he was only diseharging , e# impartially by reading it. (Cheers.) The palg,a o o 4 this..effect a--" Resolved, that this meeting is ( , - edi that the meeting held in the ,Sessions-house tl ere i decidedly inadequate to obtaana fall, fair, and a .., expression of the opinions of.the inhabitants of VV . , hundreds being assembled and unable to obtain of sign, and that it is desirable . to. have another ral et i , order to give expression—(hear, loud cheers, anuaf# j i "No, no,")—to their opinions on, Lord John Russo oaths bill, in a place sufficiently adequate to ace ° , m it▪ iO _ all who wish to attend." It had, been proposed ( ee c iait the Mayor) that he should call in the police to eft; avenues of the rooms connected with the courtse * ? he had called the meeting at the Sessions- I g'; must bear with all its difficulties. (Cheers 44 l'i worship then put the- (Mr. Rathbone's) amena t 7/4 the vote, requiring a second show of hands, tha v ar being so evenly bahuaced, before he could de e "' / the majority. f O fl '' The Maxon then, amidst the silent anxiety 0 - b ell'e ing, said he had come to the conclusion, in l a c ell Town-clerk agreed. with him, that the amen"' been carried. tiltafd This declaration was acted on as a signal fev, extraordinary and vociferous cheers, in which t" 4' leaders on the platform heartily joined. ea, The Marva,-The amendment now takes- °:St iv e lr the original motion, and it is competent &rani! 0 to propose an, amendment on that which ie, ne'' e, s metion before the meeting. ei ta,: Mr. Cnaaamia TURNER rose next to addreel a l' . j ing, and to move a resolution, but the. confaw r intense that he could not be heard. 0 4 ' Tho Mat Ton several times called upon the tin; hear Mr. Turner, but still the deafening uproar tinuedby Radicals and Roman Cotholics. Mr' ~,T1 length gave place to P 1 7 4/' The Rev. Dr. MINEILN, whose. appearance, A iac by loud cheers from the P ro t es ta n t party, alo!,111 1e noises from the oppositi on . F or a long per.l l ', ii cia" , ,i doctor could not proceed, d ur i ng w hich an 1P :o C i f ? the gallery kept up a series of ferocious yells , : " He's no towns man !" i ssue d from the or When the vociferators had exhausted themeega? Dr. MNBILB asked what they were afca ,u ,.. bak had the majority. (Renewed yells.) It wasd (Cheers and groans.) He could understalt_ a°. # minority making a noise, but why the 17 14 .7 °-, 0 , do so he could not divine. Several Voices—" They are frightened of I°' ay, they are so 1" &e., &c. 0 09 Mr. J. R. JEFFERY, the MAYOE, and oth et t i7es entreated them, as they loved fair play, that give the Rev. Dr. Nicene a hearing. s t Order being at length somewhat partially IsTimil O uc h a l The Rev. Dr. M' proceeded. Ilea n i te J, to those gentlemen. (He was again interrupt !d, was at length enabled to go on.) If I may nt,fat9 a stranger, I was going to make a few &Jr& o, t o what from the gentleman w h o a ddressed Via , t en last, but I cannot and will not persevere 7tte'r) noise.—The gentleman who told us he was 0 0 . 1 a ch persuasion—(" Ah !" great hooting, &Tn s ' N r o e, and who made a very admirable speech. 1 , pit that gentleman, that if Lord John Russet his present measure to a direct attempt t° T. 6 11 , 110‘ of parliament to gentlemen of the Jewish P ( would not have been assembled here to.dalt, Whatever our opinions may be upon that P i T, n 's not have felt it was a subject upon which bed, should be convened at this time. We w° n t, C O 'Y to leave that matter in the hands of parlianact,, 50 ,y, that it does not affect the poiht. But I wisli be to that gentleman, that, when he alleg es il o od •de-w" are kept out of our legislature by a s ' ba 'e to recollect that, if the British legislataro, the je enactment for the rejection or exclusion ° „;the 1 1 cannot be said to be rejected at all. " ; ,;',ted t b not entered ? (Cheers.) They bay coPP*AttS They have kept themselves out. (urry - . 1 A -- . oriel vi "No," "no," "Yeti," "yes," ' ,40ar tl lf It i (//