The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1836-12-06 00:00:00

PET. 6, 1836 don), v ilh applawl the faithfulness With which the BiShop of Ex,e , er has tiscliarged,- perhaps, a painful, but an in clunheti! duty. He is too elevated in mind and charac.. ta r for the shafts of slander . ; when they have reached their utniost . height'-, they fall 'far short of him , and return harmle ss ; o r prove weapons of destruction in their fall only, wrnmding those from whom they received their force. We leave his lordship safe, resting on his own integrity, in the hands of protestant England. Us now turn to the charge preferred against Dr. Whatel f , Archbishop of Dublin--Lit is the-complete anti parallel of that of Diocese of xeter. Observe the contrast. That of the Bishop of Exeter was a prescribed d:'r,!-- 7 this of the - Archbisbop of Dublin was an arbitrary exercise of power. The former only secured the fences, established by the canons of the Church . ; the latter for 1 4eobedierice to the cOmmand'of Christ, "preach the gospel to every creature." The - one sprang from the gill of law, foiinded ripen religitin; theother from the will of man, contrary to its express precepts. But, to rriarli the contrast 'More plainly, - the very motive which led to the act: of the Bishop of Exeter, 'would have -re strained the act of the ArchbiShop of Dublin. o. Having thus, pointed., out the manifest contrariEty principle which ilictated the two proceedings, and having !indicated those of the Bishop of Exeter, upon grounds which no candid mind can impugn, we shall briefly ex pose the perverse, unholy,,degrading, and political con duct of the Arch-prelate of Dublin. We do not, for One ,moment, question hisright=—we know that in any court, :civil or ecclesiastical, be would stand acquitted;but there is another court in whialie will be condemned-LJ Toro conscientice"—in the court of conscience—except ing the conscience, which sits in judgmentAhere, has been " seared with a hot iron." For w hat was the of . fence of Mr. Nolan ? Did he refuse'to read the Litany, or cast any shade of discountenance over die rituals of our Church in Ireland? No, nothing of this kind—his offence, his grievous and unpardonable Offence:was - a zeal to bring men from " darkness to light" through the, Gospel. Having " tasted the good wordof life"lim , self, he "was ready to preach it unto others"—and, as his soul was enlarged, Ile had " continued sorrow" in his heart for his brethren Roman' Catholic bondmen. He desired "to open the eyes of the blind"—to "bring good tidings" to those " sitting in the shadow of death; 'over whom "the prince of this world," and his cruel agents, exercised spiritual and temporal dominion. This, this eonly was the oWenco at the palace of the Archbishop, _though, perhaps, the interdict was signed at the Castle; and, probably, the Castle was"moved to interference, by authority of Mr. O'Connell. We have always been favourably disposed to the esta blishment of an efficient police force for the protection of life and property, and have on every occasion given them our unqualified snpport so far as they have discharged their duties with faithfulness and -moderation. Acting .upOn thiaresolutiOn, we have hesitated to give publicity to, the numerous complaints of our - correspondents, nu less previously authenticated ; and even then, our usual mode 'has been to hand over these complaints to the Su perintendent, .and we can bear our testimony to the prompt and - searching inquil - y Which he has instituted to ascertain the truth, of such complaints, and to redress any grievances that might be found to exiat. It will not, hoWever, be denied that several cases of aggravated as - - sault have 1., :en proved against both inspectors and pri vates; and several of them have received notice of trial at the approaching . assizes. The case . of Andrew Ed ward Lyons will be fresh in the recollection of our read- The great interest which has'been excited froth the natufe of the evidence elicited upon his cross-examina tion will justify our again referring to this subject. We recollect that when Mr. Councillor Walmsley endea voure:.: to prejudice the public mind in favour . of the new Council, by presenting a summary of what they had done (luring tile first year of their dictatorship, heexpressly declared, that persons had not been selected to fill situations on "account of their political opinions, but solely on account of their posaessing the necessary quail , 4cation for their offices: Now, we do not mean to deny Ora C uncillor Walrngley believed what he said lla~° 'Hat e J,Dtakr, , • • • tope Tito; but it is passing strange that all the necessary qu'a*cations could be found only in' those who were dis• tininiiVeo for their violent partisanship. It is entirely oat of 'de ranae of probability to suppose that talent could ord), , b 3 o!:jzd in exact proportion to the liberality of Potilezi?se"t;tiMent. Can any man in his senses be hove Ord: Radcliffe was selected to fill the situation of Town-clerk solely because his talents were of a higher order than' those of the late Mr. Thomas Foster? Was the t elfittiop,pf#.,solicitor. to . the Dock Trustnot influenced by I s If t w ) .9lAhlguppintaip the ascendancy of party ? We knnw rzi t that•gri Crooke was Solicitor to the Reform Association, • and -became !‘ Deputy . TCwn-clerk." Mr. Hall, a z well knownlih i eral in politics,. became a stipendiary_ma• Al z gistrate. Dlr. Wyberp.:,, Chairman of the Reform Asso -s(ipciation, became the Treasurer of Mae. Corporation, in the ~I:Lflace of :Mr. John. Deane Case, -a well known Tory. voghere was no design in all this, if we are to believe Mr. L 97, „Councillor Walmsley.; it was. rather the result of acci lo ~dent than of previous . arrangement on the part of. the n. E Town Council._ The frequent meetings held at the ~,Angel, the circulars of. Mr. Rathbone, confined exclu s?6: siyely to the liberal : party, were all the result of atei retttlent. But we pass .ort.t.o. notice the case of Inspector • We shall not, stop to inquire into the cause of his im prisimment,- but at once address ourselves to those points in• his cross-examination, which clearly prove his eon • nection with the Town Council, both in his appointment, and in his ,subsequent delinquency. Previously to his appointment, he was clerk to the Reform Committee of . st, George's Ward, at a salary of a week., He was also engaged to canvass before the election, and for these services he was recommended to the favourable notice of the Council. We suppose it was also, by pure accident that this worthy obtained his appointment as Inspector of Police. Such are our Reformers ! Not content with the .appointment of one of their own canvassers to the important situation of Inspector of Police, they ac tually, appropriate the public money to defend a man who has been adjudged guilty by a legally constituted court. Well may that portion of the press, which has usually been founil enlisted on the .side of the Council, be ashamed- of such conduct, and .not even attempt their defence :.;A:a7,Jae v e A letter appeared in our contemporary of yesterday, pro . fesse4ly from idle pen of this worthy Inspector, who very mo destly tells us what he has not done,. but very carefully conceals what he has done. We know he is in prison, and acquiesce ,iothe decision of,the commissioner, becanse we bow to the authority of the law. The case is very differ- .eat with.our reformed Town cd' . ouncil.' . What a mockery of justice ! What a practical lesson will it afford of the .value.of municipal reform ! The council possesses the „right of nppointing a stipendiary magistrate, and is ,t g lbounct to support his,decisions, so long . as they are con -I,o'(formable .ta,the existing laws. But can it be possible ag gut the same . council has been. supporting this man in )ru prison, and ,conducting his defence with the public tni)-• ,ney, and moloying the public servants of . the town for smthe same equivccal purpose? But we are unwilling to g s vursue the sul - .ject farther at present. It is a matter for Pliinquiry, and we promise our Tovin Councillors that, so o —far as our humble efforts are available, we will have a •tr.:4llorotigh investigation of the whole affair. We look o with some interest to the course which they (the reformed Corporation of Liverpool) will pursue with regard to this - question, and shall narrowly watch their proceedings. .I'•t is with great pleasure that we return to Mr. Hemming and onr operative friends; and we shall, in the same spirit and with the same freedom as in our last article, comment upon such parts of the present interesting lecture as we think need "either eluci dat'mn or correction. Mr. H. opened his lecture by observing, that " a number of laws have beAt laid down, according to whi c h chemical affinities act." Whilst nothing so facilitates the acquisition of knowledge as the establishment of laws, no thin, is more dangerous or more liable to exception than philo sophical legislation. To enumerate all that have heen'Promul gateil and abrogated in every department of science would be to furnish a library comp•tnion tai the statut ,, s at large. After of the first law, "that chemical affinity can only take plrica between different bodies," as supet•fluous, Mr. H. also ascribes the same superfluity to the secoirl, that chemical af- finity "'will take plane only between the i ninittestatomscga , As a practical law, it is certainly "superfluous," and as a law of any kind, it is very questionable; ler we know nothing of the manlier or state in which bodies chemically unite. Mr. Dalton's diagrams are as intelligible and as rational as any other hypo theses; but, unfortunately, we, have none supported by even a shadow of evidence. . How a particle of one kind of matter, small almost to evanescence, a German monad, can combine with another particle of Matter so as wholly to lose both their original properties passes our understanding. Whether it be juxta-position, or intro-susception, or any other mode, we must leave for the future Alexanders of chemistry in their scientific conquests to determine. The third law is very fully and very perspicuously explained, and it would seem almost hypercriti cism to notice the identification of ferro-cyanuret of potash and prussiate of potash as incorrect, inasmuch as the ferro-prussiate yf potash is frequently called prussiate of potash; but since there is a delicate salt distinguishable from the ferro-prussiate, viz., 'a simple prussiate of potash, or cyanuret of potash, we may per ,baPs be pardoned for our scrupulous regard to accuracy. So :also the double salt called alum is not a compound of sulphate of alumina, and sulphate of potash, or soda, and, we may add. or sulphate of ammonia, but of a super sulphate or bisulphate of alumina, with any one of these three salts. Mr:' H., we know, will pardon us for these observations, and our operative friends will not blame us. The fourth law is, that " a change of tem perature acComPanies chemical affinity; and always a change of density." Mr. H. very . justly observes that " in many cases these changes are not evident;" and it is even supposahle,that on the formation of a double salt from a mixture of acids and bases, ~ A ;if:',- i On4 pair may combine and evolve heat,- in' conse quence of increased specifie gravity,,another pair may combine and absorb it, or render it latent, in consequence of expanded / plume, and ; thus neither a change of density nor a variation of temperature ensue. Nevertheless the, law is a goo' one;. and one of-great practical utility. We cannot unqualifiedly sub scribe to Mr. IL's:observation, that in all chemical union, if the eleine,nts.a.re noxious, the compound is innoxious, and vice versa. If the compounds of oxygen and arsenic, oxygen and mercury, favour the conclusive, the compounds of oxygen and magnesium, Oxygen and silicon, and even, perhaps, oxygen and ' bismuth, are adverse' to it. We have, moreover, compounds of the same elements in different proportions with opposite quali ties; thus oxygen •and , nitrogen, in one proportion, constitute atniusplierie.air--in another, nitrous oxide gas—in 'a third, nitric acid; the tWO'former innoxious, the last destructiVe of annual life. Still , we acknowledge t,tiat in many cases the remark is true; but there are known principles to raise it into a law. The.next point in Mr. H.'s admirable lecture to which our attention has Ibeen drawn is the explanation he offers of the catise'of the destruction of colour in ink. We have two or three objections to his rationale. First, if the gallate of iron be decomposed.by unconthined.muriatic acid, (we use this designa tion id confOrmity with the lecturer,) we cannot understand why it should require years for that purpose; secondly, although the process adopted by the manufacturer of paper may generate muriatic acid, yet it is hardly conceivable that an acid which has so powerfUl an affinity for water should remain in the paper after the repeated washings to which the pulp is exposed; and, thirdly, we think that gallic acid, being composed of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon, may itself undergo spontaneous decom position, and the presence of iron would greatly facilitate it. We ,koow many instances in which the peroxide of iron will occasion the oxidation of other metals, and also • decompose ve getable compounds. The subject is highly important, and `deeply interesting to the manufacturer and the public, and we think both• are under obligations to Mr. H. for having brought the subject under their notice. We must be pardoned if we withhold our assent to Mr. H.'s explanation of the evolution of carbon prOducing " blackness" on the addition of sulphuric acid to sugar. That sugar contains oxygen and hydrogen we know; but that these exist in that proportion which constitutes water, we have no proof. Atomically they do not. Sugar is a triple compound of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon; and sul phuric acid, as was first observed by Vanquelin and Fourcroy, will occasion the oxygen and hydrogen to unite and form water; but they always fouud a portion of acetic acid with the evolved carbon, which circumstance seems fully to negative Mr. H.'s hypothetis. - Besides, starch or gum will exhibit the same phe nomena with sulphuric acid as sugar; and must we, therefore,. infer that all these are mere compounds of carbon and water? Mr. H., in stating the atomic weights, assumes, as many che mists do, and we think inconveniently, hydrogen as the atomic unit. Though' decimals are thus avoided, the memory is bur dened with large numbers; thus lead, which Mr. H. calls 104, would be 13, if oxygen were made the atomic unit. It is, how ever, much a matter of taste. We have learnt from tables which make oxygen the unit; and since one series of numbers may he converted into the other by simply multiplying or di viding by eight, it is not of.nauch importance which the chemical student may learn. Mr. H. very dexterously, if demonstra tively, gets ever the difficulty of " sesquioxides." He may he right, but he cannot prove it; it is only an hypothesis to remove the apparent absurdity of half atoms. Whether we may or not " for a moment suppose that an atom is capable of combining with l of another," this we know, that the theory of half atoms explains the propertions of the elements constituting such com pounds as satisfactorily as that of multiplying integrals. 'The equivalents of carbonic acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, ammo nia, Potash; and soda are all correct, eicepting that of potash, which 'should 'ire 48 instead of 41. The explanation given by of cheMical nomenclature is very lucid, but to,one of the examples •we have an exception. Sulphuric acid is not composed of "one atom oxygen and one atom sulphur," as stated, but of two atoms or equivalents of oxygen and one . atom or equivalent of sulphur; and sulphuric acid does not contain two eqUiValents of oxygeti,;' but three to " one equivalent of sulphur.haste or inadvertence might occasion the mistake; but they who listened to the lecturer were not likely to correct him. Wo doubt atso whether Mr. H.'s definition of an. acid be quite unexceptionable—" the power of dissolving metals." That this is his definition is evident, because, to speak logically, he makes it the. " essential difference." There are some metals (metallic oxides Mr. H. means) which, acids will not dissolve, and there are many metallie oxides which are soluble in alka lies, and even alkaline earth. Oxides of lead and mercury will dissolve in lime water. Again, the salts composed of sulphur ous acid and bases are not sulphurites, but sulphites. These little mistakes are not in the least detractive from the merit of the lecture; because, though they might occasion a momentary error, the solid foundation of truth which was laid by Mr. H. would soon receive a correct structure of science. We assure Mr. IL, in perfect sincerity, that we hail his visit to Liverpool as a blessing to the operatives of our town, many of whom will, we'hope, acquire a taste for the fascinating and important sci ence of chemistry, and find in it such a rich repast as will dull the appetite for the gross garbage of political agitation. CLOSE ON• THE EXHIBITION.—The Exhibition of Paintings closed on Tuesday, after one of the most successful seasons which its'promoters have ever experienced. We are gratified in being enabled to make this announcement, so creditable to the taste and intellect of the town. On Wednesday the prizes were drawn. " INSOLVEN:I_(;OURT A POPULAR COURSE OF CHEMISTRY MECHANICS' iNsTITurioN. LECTVItH vi. On' Saturday evening, Mr. Hemming proceeded with his valuable lectures to a crowded audience. The subject for consideration in the following lecture is the new and improved modes for supplying and continuing the sup ply of light. From time immemorial until within a very re cent period, the contrivances rot a supply of artificial light were very few, and almost entirely confined to the combustion of animal; vegetable, and mineral oils. The animal and vegetable oils are well known: by mineral oil is meant that bituminous fluid which is obtained in such abundance in Persia, called naptha, or petroleum, as to allow of its being used for culinary, and other domestic purposes. Until very recently, these sub stances were all decomposed by combustion in lamps of a very similar kind; for before the introduction of the candle, tallow, wax, and fat, as well as oil, were burned in a lamp. The lamp contained a mass of fibrous matter, commonly called a wick. The wick was not always combustible and destructible, for in some cases, a mianthus and asbestos wete employed. The wicks consisted, as already stated, of a fibrous material, and con tained a great number of pores, up which, by virtue of capillary action, the oil, &e. would rise above the ordinary surface of the fluid in the vessel, to feed the wick. When in this state, an ignited body is applied to the wick, it meets with the wax, tal low, or oil, in a very minute state of division; and, by decom posing them int a their elements, as we must always du to effect ignition, we produce a light. In almost all these cases, the quantity of light we produce, depends, almost entirely, upon the quantity of carbon we burn; and not upon the quantity of carbon or charcoal the substance may contain. The greater the quantity of carbon which enters into combination with the oxy gen of the atmosphere at a high temperature, the whiter and more intense will be the quality of the light. Indecal, we may take it as an axiom, that the quantity of light produced by fiurn ing these substances, is in proportion to the quantity of carbonic acid formed., We must, therefore , have a due supply of atmos pheric air, or oxygen, to'enter into combination with this car bonaceous matter, to form carbonic acid gas. '!'he principal elements we find in these substances, are combinations of car bon and hydrogen; which are the principal components of all matter which burns with light and heat. Hydrogen will burn with a faint flame, scarcely visible by day, when uncouabined with carbon; but when hydrogen contains carbon united with it chemically, and we burn them in intimate connexion with oxygen, we produce intense energy of combustion, and a beau tiful white flame. Now although the quantity of light depends upon the quantity of solid matter contained in the substances we burn, yet more depends upon our mode or manner of burning them. Thus, if a current of hydrogen gas be directed upon a piece of lime, and ignited, the lime will be dissipated in minute particles of intense whiteness. Charcoal, burned in oxygen gas, throws off similar particles, and affordit a brilliant light; but, when charcoal is burned under ordinary circumstan ces, it merely affords a dull red light. If, however, a stream of atmospheric air be urged upon the ignited charcoal, its light will be much increased : a white light is more 'iutense than a red one; and a white heat than a red one; and it may be con sidered an axiom, that the _intensity of light. and heat, is in proportion to the whiteness of the substance in cotribuat',;a. 'ln miler to increase the heat of oil, tallow, Ste. in combustion, we must force through them a great deal of atintispheric air.. In the old lamp, this was impossible; and the invariable consequence was, that the combustion was not perfect o and that a dense red flame, with a great quantity of smoke was the result. In this case besides losing a quantity of light, the smoke, which is the most valuable portion of the material, likewise escape, merely. on account of a deficient supply of atmospheric air, as the air could only play around the external portion the flame. It occurred to Monsieur Argand, of Geneva, that if he could force a quantity of air through the flame he could effect a inure per fect combustion of the oil. This may be proved' by a very snn ple experiment. If we take the bicarburetted hydrogen or olefiiii:t gas, which is the most valuable illuminating gas We possess - , and ignite it as it comes out of a tube without a burner, the light will be much interior to what it would give if it issued front a gas burner through which a current of air passel' Notwithstand ing this it will afford a brilliant light, much superier to oil or coal gas. This light arises from the union of the carbon con tained in it with the oxygen of the atmosphere, for if we burn this gas in an atmosphere which will not unite with the carbon, theme will be very little tight, and a great quantity of smoke or carbon. Mr. Hemming then mixed some of this gas with chlorine, Which, though a supporter of combustion, will not unite With carbon, when the effect he described ensued. M. Argand iutagiued that if he passed a current of air through the centre of the burner and of the wick he should produce a whiter light by the more complete combustie tof the carbon. He therefore con structed a lamp with a circular burner, through the centre 01 which the atmospheric air being rarified by the heat passed with some degree of force. Still, however, this lamp did not altogether realize his expectations, for the flame was somewhat red, and there was a portion of smoke evolved from it. But it happened by accident that his brother inverted a glass a tube over it while the lanai) was ou the chimney-piece, when a perfect combustion of the carbonaceous inattter was effected, and this showed him that what we call a chimney was, in fact, a chiin ney because it caused a draught around the flame. These lamps were shortly after introduced all over Europe, and have super seded every other description of lamp. It than became neces sary to get rid of the shadow of the lamp. Those which are now used on the drawing-room table contain the oil in a rim round the burner, and hence cast a circular shadow. The foun tain lamp was then constructed, but owing to to the inconve niences attending its use it never became generally patronized. A very curious lamp was afterwards constructed in France, in which the oil was foreed a considerable height to supply the wick by means of a couple of small pumps, worked by clock machinery placed underneath the lamp.. One great peculiarity attending this lamp, which casts no shadow, is, that however high the wick is raised above the metal surrounaing it, the flame has no tendency to descend, in consequence of the free supply. of oil which it receives from the pumps. The glass chimucy is also capable of being raised or lowered at pleasure. It was early discovered that if the lower part of the chimney' was flanged the lamp would burn better. Few persons know thews of this flange. Its upper portion should be exactly oppoSite the ig nited portion of the wick, for if it is situated higher or lower the flame will be less. The reason is, that by means of the flange the air is thrown upon the ignited portion of the wick. We find in many lamps the flange to be of a certain height, and that the galleries are constructed of a similar height to contain the. chim neys. There is a great advantage in having the metal at a great distance from the light because the metal getting hot cat ries off the heat necessary for the perfect decomposition of the carbonaceous matter. 'fhe advantage of : not allowing the heat to he thus carried off is illustrated by the tar lamp of Mr. Beale, an economical and valuable contrivance for burning tar atter the naptha has been distilled from it. it was found, Mr. B. said, that the ritu,must be as thin as possible; if thick, so great would be the quantity of heat ahstracteil that the tar was not con su med, as it would otherwise be. The Naptha lamp is a very valuable cots, taivance if properly managed , and is much c hea p er than si-gataa light would be. The Nantha is a distillation from coal tarty and requires to be burned with a fine wick, which must not be more than 1-50 of an inch above the surrounding metal. It burns with a dense smoky flame until a glass is produced over it, when it emits a brilliant white light. The great improve ment of modern times is oil and coal gas; these, however, being so well known, and air. Hemmiug having entered 'so fully into the subject on his last visit to Liverpool, he merely glanced at them en peasant. An improvement has been made on the safety tamp of Sir H. Davy by Mr. Roberts, of London. This con sists iu encircling the wire gauze of his lamp with a glass cylinder, and causing the air admitted for the consumption of the lamp to pass through the flame by means of a cone, where by all danger is removed. Mr! Hemming considered the Davy lamp, if properly managed, to be perfectly safe, even in a blower; hut, certainly, were there any danger in a blower with Sir H. Davy's lamp. that danger must be removed by the use of Mr. Robertres contrivances. We have now to consider a few other improvements in the mode of producing artificial light; amongst these are to be noticed the improvements which have recently been made in the manufacture of candles and candlesticks. * There was one which the lecturer wished to have produced could be have procured it in any of the London shops. It was a patent candlestick, by which the candle was made to burn in an in clined positien, so that there was no necessity to snuff the wick. The reason why a candle requires snuffing is. because the car bon at the top of the wick is enclosed by the flame so as to pre vent the access of the oxygen of the alr remove it. Un fortunately, however, for the invention, while this beneficial effect takes pli.te another evil is produced, arising from the dropping of the tallow. Like many other patents, this has been productive o f very little advantage to the patentee. Theae • is, however, another invention which renders the snuffing of the candle unnecessary. It is a wick twisted iu two spiral di rections, which, as it becomes ignited, untwists and turns in the opposite direction, and insensibly smoulders away. These are what are called candles with metallic wicks. At first, oxide of bismuth was applied to the wicks; but this is not necessary. neither is it any longer used. A great improvement has been made in tallow and oils within a short period; indeed, until very lately, very little attention was paid by chemists to this sub ject. It war not thought that they could decompose these sub stances into their proximate elements. A little attention has, however, proved that they are easily divisible into two sub stances—the one fluid, called elaine, and the other solid, called steariue. 'The stearine of cocoa-nut oil has been arc ordingly used in making candles, which are little inferior to wax. iii" spring which we find employed to keep the candle at an uniform height in the improved candlestick is by ne ineans a new inyea-. e ice tion, as it has been applied to carriage lamps for a long p h e i r After the last lecture upon instantaneous lights, Mr. c m: , ming said he had been presented by a member of the institu with a bundle of josticks, which were used in China, asorsithe. matches. Accompanying the present was a descr iption nes e. is the uses to which this article is applied be the Chi before - Chinese word for god, and the jostick is a c andle burn, the image of their god, which is kept in ever n y k r t o o m t i h i e i n n g eh l i l na, sma eat and in every vessel, from the largest rear) u boat. To last the longer, it is dipped into water. It is fre quently perfumed; indeed, it is to the Chinese we . a u r m e indebted for the idea of our pastiles. These j o stickeare b ung near what is called the scrapers 'o f our houses. It used to be the practice of our youug European r sie o denteets at . Canton . to . over might. happen t m with. which caused The joatick was alSo us e d turn the josticks they no small hubbub among th e natives • for the purpose of lighting cigars. We have now only two other cases of artificial light. The most beautiful of all, arid the most splendid, is caused by burning a current of oxy-hydrogen gas upon a piece of lime. This light is commonly called the Drummond light, but - erronemisly so, as it was not invented by him. It is most extensively employed in microscopes i ns tead of the solar light. Professor Daniel's safety tube is the One most co mmonly employed, in which the two gasses meet near t h e o r i fic e. Mr. Hem ming h a d i nven t e d a safet tube by which the two asses ight be used a mixed state wi y thout danger, but a strong prejudice existed against it. Mr. g e mming then exhibited the light produced by these gasses when burning on lime, which afforded general satisfac tion. Mr. Beale 's tar lamp is a very useful invention; it con sists of an argand receiver to hold the tar. In order to ignite the tar, which requires no wick, we must introduce some sub stance which will take time at a low temperature, such as tur pentine, and set file to it. This will ignite the tar, which will burn with a very dull red flame; when it is pretty well ignited, a double cone is placed over it, which supplies the lamp with a continual succession of heated air. A current of air is then forced through the middle of the flame, up a small tube the 1-10th or the 1-12th of au inch in diameter. Under ordinary circum stances, the excess of carbon contained in the tar is evolved; but, if we blow through the centre of this ignited tar, a portion of the carbon which would otherwise escape as free carbon will enter into combination with the oxygen and form a very beauti ful white light. These lamps can only be -used where there is a moving power on the premises; nevertheless, Mr. Hem ming had seen, in London, a shop lighted up with an apparatus of the kind. To supply 'the requisite blast, the shopkeeper had inverted one butt within another containing water, the air colitained in which supplied two of these lamps for twenty minutes. There is a slight noise made by the blast in passing through the flame. However, for lighthouses or m anufactories there is nothing which bears a comparison with these lamp! for economy or beauty . , for the tar is sold at 6d. per ive as when the tar is duly' burned one of these lamps es Hon, aud will g much light as al argand burners, accordingao Dr. Faraday' s calculation, whilst it only costs Id. per hour. will In the lecture of to-morrow evening, Mr.. Hemming treat upon the nature and properties orwritFr s ; in which e show its chemical composition its these nicel and chemical mode of its impuritie , and the meebi etecting and separating impurities. ~..! Lei • Standard Office, Three 14)•:;`,1 LIVERPOOL MARKETS% • CORN EXCHANGE:—TUESDAY, DLc 6 l'l6 i.;•*:'`•/:.-*/ • • 4 4, - 4 %, The supplies of. Flour and Oatmeal have been large, ACV other articles to a small extent. There has been less activity in the Wheat trade throughout the past week than for tome time pest; the little business done was at a decline of 3d per 701bs on all descriptions. Oats were also dull of sale, and Flour and Oatmeal hardly ~~~ J ~, 1 i~ y ~/~ maintained previous rates. At this day's market there was a thin attendance, and little done in anything; Wheat ld per 701bs under Friday's retitle. tion.—Oats scarcely inquired for—and the best Oatmeal sold at 35s 6d to 36s per 2101bs. The Flour trade extremely heavy, and nominally at a de cline of 3s to 5s per 280Ibs. The demand for Barley was limited at the price of last week. The imports of Butter are 4881 firkins; there has been very little inquiry for it, and the prices of last week scarcely main. , tained. PRICES, OF BUTTER, fte. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD 'LI VER POOL POL ICE, DIMINCTION OF CRIME !—Yesterday, at the Police-office, there were 121 cases booked to, be heard, 42 of which were for felony.. "This exceeds considerably the amount of crime of the days of old police, whilst the present police force is double in number that of the old. We don't say this in blame of the present police, nor in praise of the old ; only a few such awkward facts as these, tend no little to render valueless the often repeated assertions of Mr. Joshua Walinsley, and the Watch Committee, of "the great diminution of crime," under the efforts of the neWipolice. Tint Quitarc—lt is currently reported, and we believe on good foundation, that Her Majesty is about to reside f or some months in this neighbourhood (Southampton). ad health is assigned as a reason.—Hampshire paper. BODY WASHED ASHoRH.—The body Of a into was disco. , vered, last night, lashed to some rigging, belonging to a, small vessel which sunk on this shore la.st Wednesday, and b r „, ig h t . to the hearse-house near the church this morning-. He had on only a pair of blue trowsers, in the pockets of which was Is. 30. And a watch•guard about his neck. The body will be - deceutly interred as soon as the coroner's inquest taken.—Formby,. November 30, 1836. THE LARGEST ORGAN IN LANCASHIER.— , k, new organ to . now erecting fur St. Mark's Church, by Messrs. Bewsher and Fleetwood, of town, which will be the largest in this..part of the country. It consists of three full rows of keys, Ora„Prisitilt a great organ, choir organ, and swell. T he compass of 'the or gan is from double with a double G sharp, to F,59 keys. The great organ has 12 stops, through, choir organ 9 , and swell 8; two stops of pedal pipes , of two oc ta v e s. each, the largest 20 feet long, with couplers; altogether, 39 stops.. The number of pipes is nearly 2000., The organ is:expected to lie opened this day week, by the members.of the Choral Society. Mr. M`Neile; of St. Jude's, will preach a sermon on the occasion. IMPORTANT TO ANGLERS.—The jaw of a shark leas been sent to the Secretary of the Underwriters, which is well worthy of notice. The gentleman to whom this jaw was "part and parcel" pf, was caught off the Cape of Good Hope, by Captain Crosbie, of the Bridget, to this port. It measured in . length 15 feet, and .was in girth round his waist about the size of, a sugar tierce, and weighed 12 cwt. The head appear s to have been but small in comparison to the size of the body. The teeth are formidable in the extreme, displaying seven rows of grinders, of such a pure whiteness, that any of our dentists would look upon them with delight and admiration. From the time of entrap ping this monster to the time of his being hauled on deck was three hours. IMMENsE CHIMNEY.—A magnificent chimney wa s complet ed in Runcorn, at the soap and alkali works of M es srs. Hazle hurst and Sons, last Saturday. It is one of the most splendid monuments that could possibly be 'conceived as a chimney: — It is above 102 yards high, circular, and of most syminetrical proportions, it is seen from the surrounding country, rearing its tall majestic head above every other object. There is a twin chimney iu the same town, though not quite so high or massive. This immense pile contains more than halt' a million bricks, and is comptited to be about 2,800 tons weight ; a slight idea may be formed of it when it is stated that the coping stone at the top is 10 tons'. It was began in May last, and constructed under the supeintendance of the celebrated architect Mr. Li vingstone, of Newcastle, and reflects great credit upon his skill and abilities. THS TITEA TRS-RGYA T.. —The present week appears devoted to the benefits of several of the company. Last night Miss Faucit took her benefit with the play of "Virginius," and we are glad to hear had a''good house. 'To-night Mr. Andrews, the oldest member of the theatrical corps, makes his twenty seventh appeal to the Liverpool public with the play of the " Provoked Husband." On 'Wednesday night Mr. and Mrs. Bland take their bent tit with the Opera of " Henri Quatre." ,Mrs. Bland is well known as a songstress of no mean ability, and as. a most pleasing actress. 'We dOubt not but her benefit will be supported. On Friday evening Messrs. Lloyd, the prompter„and„lloward ta ke their_benefit with the play of ‘' The Achool of Reform," tit Whicht•Mr:'Hammona is engaged 'to play•the part'Of Tyke. The well-known ,abilities of this fa vourita:avtorwill doubtless draw a crowded house. THE Llvktt,aMfiAT.fr,-77 - -T4is. pretty Jitll:4 ,continues to be nightly crovtdedlq respectable titiaientelif6 Witness the elOier and astonishiligTeats of:MnSuttniiilthiititikician. His feats of legerdemain, are, beyond description. surprising. He makes 'no' mystery of it he tells his audience he will deceive them; and deceive them he does - and-tit - At completely. Not the slightest slip, or the slightest motion can be discovered to give a clue .to the 'extraordinary transforMations which he effects.-- His ventriloquism is not less clever and is highly amusing. Though he _evidently - is labouring under a severe cold. the de ception is most complete. His imitation of a young puppy dog in a hat and-the -smothering of the tone by placing a plate over it, is one of the most perfect, tricks of ventriloquism we ever heard. We can assure our readers who may choose to witness his feats that they will be highly entertaited. "Tur GENTLEMEN OF THE PRESS."—ASSAULT.—On Sa turday last Mr. Foster, the reporter for the Liverpool Standard, applied to Mr. Hall for a summons against it. S. Mackenzie, LL. D., editor of the Liverpool Journal. Mr. Foster spoke as follows I have an application, to make for a summons against Dr. Mackenzie, of the Liverpool Journal, for an assault which he has cononitted upon me. I was yesterday in the In solvent Debtors' Court, where also Dr. Mackenzie was. I be lieve he, as well as myself , was en g a g ed in taking a rrport of the case of Mr. Moon for the Manchester papers. Late in the af ternoon I applied for a rather lengthy document, which had been read, and for which, it appears, Dr. Mackenzie had also applied. As the Manchester mail goes at five o'clock, we had no time to lose. After a time, the document was handed over to me, and I was about to make use of it, when Dr. Mackenzie watched it from my hand. I remonstrated with him on the im propriety of his conduct, and offered to let the document lie be tween us, so that both might make use of it. He replied, that he did nut wish to have anything to do with such a fellow. Mr. Powell, one of the opposing creditors, very politely offered to read it over. to us, but Dr. Mackenzie repeated, that he would have nothing to do with such a fellow. I then said he was be. having, very much like a blackguard ;_ upon which he immedi ately struck me a violent blow on the ftf,ce with his open hand. My first impulse was to knock him down . , but I am now glad I forbore.' Mr. Batcheldor stood within ajew yards of me at the time, and distinctly iieard the blow, and Several respectable gen tlemen and members of the bar were present. A gentleman, who g a ve me his name and address, offered to come forward as a vitness. The court was crowded with individuals at the time." The summons was granted, and the case is to be heard to-mor r6w, (this day,) at one o'clock.—Albion. , BOTTLE W AS!-I En . Asnortp..—A small glass phial. or bottle, with a cork smeared over with pitch, was picke , l up on the bench of Abergele Bay last week, by . 111 r. Hugh Roberts, and has been left at onx,otfice for the inspection of the curious. It con tains a small,hone, round which is rolled a paper label, with Chinese or some other Eastern characters written upon it; but as to what they mean, or whether the bottle and its contenits ate a mere hoax, we have no means of ascertaining It has been shown to Richard Jones, alias Di ck of Aber&ron, and other linguists, but they can snake nothing of it.—.lfeccury. On Friday the examination of Mr. John Moon, late cotton- APPLICATION FOR A WARRANT TO SEIZE FOR EXCIS E DUTY broker, of Manchester, was entered into on his petition to be !1•4 D A NGER. — On Satitedaya at the Police-office, an application discharged under the insolvent act, before Henry Revel Rey- was note for a warrant by the Excise-officers to seize the goods a thls Eet., - his Majesty's chief commissioner for the - relief of bf Mr. Thomas atockdale, soapmaker, for double ditty. Row insolvent debtors. ' lands, the Excise-officer, deposed that Thomas Stockdale was a NI te VENA B LES appeared on behalf of the opposing creditors,' hard soap makerin Liverpool. The sole duty charged on him, Messrs. Brown and Powell; and Mr. Wilkins for the defence • beaveeti the 10th day of October and the 7th day of November of the petitioner. nvi❑e, was on 42-1,1631b5. of soap, the single duty of -which Oa the last hearing of the case at the Insolvent - Court at Lan- .was feae:il os. 41-d. He had made a proper demand of the duty caster, as there was considerable difficulty in investigating the and it lied ten been paid. The collector said the object of the accounts, the whole circumstances of the insolvent were refer , Excise was to secure the revenue fir the single duty and costs; red for examination to Mr. Banner; of Liverpool, and pre- ,they did not want the double duty, which they were entitled to vious to the case being gone into on the present occasion, dame if they thought proper. The application for payment had the report of Mr. Banner was read by the clerk of the mutt. been Made the night before, and twelve hours' notice only was, Mr. Banner reported that in pursuance of an older of reference : necessary befotelebtaining the warrant. A gentleman, an at by the court he had examined the insolvent's, accounts.' The , torney, appeared on behalf of Mr. Stockdale. He objected that first object to which his attention had been-directed was with re- . the act of' parliament said the award must be made by order of gard to 763 hags of cotton, which could not be accounted for, I the commissioners. The collector replied that he was authorised and also to a considerable amount of cash which the insolvent to snake the application by an older front the general board. appeared to have omitted in his schedule. After minute in- I They never did lay an information' until they thought the duty quay he had succeeded in tracing each parcel- of Dutton, and in danger, and then they could immediately take steps for se he could certify that the insolvent- had accounted for the whole curing the duty, and acquaint the board with their proceedings of it. In the amended cash account alluded to; the insolvent afterwards. Mr. Stockdale's • attorney-said the assertion of the had not accounted for £2,500, or thereabouts, which he must collector was not evidence, they must see the general order au have received at the commercial Bank of England at Man- thorising the application. The collector saidhe was not aware chester, between the sth day of March arid the 14th day of he should have been opposed by a professional gentleman in the April, 1836. Ile was of opinion this was not. accounted for. proceeding he had taken, and he had not theorder with him, but The insolvent did not keel) the usual commercial books of he would send for it. Mr. Stockdale's professional adviser was ledger, journal, and cash-hooK, so as to show the state of Isis not doing his client any good by the opposition, for he should affairs. There was also an item of £4 13s. for postage of letters, take immediate and further proceedings in consequence. The for which large sum of postage only four letters could tie shown, order was then sent for. On its being produced, it appeared to and the insolvent supposed he must have lOst them. 'He was of be a general order-from the board, authorising all collectors to opinion that the aresigitee and opposing creditor were fully jus- take the step - which was then taken. Mr. Stockdale's profes . _ sional adviser then took an objection that they had no proof o f tilled in making the invest i g ation . - Mi.. YEN:ARLES said'he oPPoSed the insolvent rin behalf of the collector being a collector further than his assertion—he Mews. Brown and Powell, his clients. He had to offer some must prove his appointment. Mr. Hall said he had always observations oti the report which had been made. He thought acted as such, and no objection had been taken against him, it would not be necessary that he should examine any more and the ortiteprobendirested not with the collector, but with Mr. witnesses on 'the present occasion, after what had passed in the' Stockdale that he was not. The collector said he could produce month of July aeLancastee, as to any of the facts there brought: his appointnient in ten minutes, if required. Mr. Flail said it fat-ward: Ile,peoPOse'd to take the report as .a fair judgment was not necessary; he should trot establish a precedent of between the Parties, and to confine his observations to it Clone. bringing-unnecessary evidence before him. Mr. Hall then said, .Before the learned commissioner adjudged on the case which in point of -fact, the'collector was applying to htm to award elte insolvent had brought forward, he would; he was certain,. double dui y; , itidelley would take the single duty and expenses. refer to his notes, and form his own judgment with regard to : -The collectile!eitl Yes." The warrant was then granted. the discharging . IMPUDENT ROBBER ' Y.—On - Satarday, at the Police-office, a or remanding of the insolvent. The first ma -- aerial fact which appeared against the in solvent was the fact of man named William Ellison was placed at the bar chareed with withholding from his balance - sheet any account of the disposi- having deliberately walked away with a ham. Nicholas Twigg , tion of the sum of £2.500. The sum wheth er received at, once e period. before deposed to being a grocer and provision dealer in St. James's or at different times was received at a very short street. h.'c e ,..ieht ((clock the night before he was in his shop, the insolvent went to prison. The insolvent Ought to have made when he seielbe prison - Cr - enter. He did not immediately say so m e statement of that sum in his special bal ance-sheet. Ho what he wanted, nor ask wituess anything. Witness, however, had had ample time to have made any, alteratio ns in his s p ecial kept hiS'eyea him, pon and seweetter7, out of a window that looks knif e balaucessheet since his last hearing. It was a sum of uo trifling into the shop , take a aUCt 41„dowtt a large ham which was amount, although he admitted that the whole debts were very hung up, and walk very' coillye s *ilyceit or the shop. He fol lowed him immediately aucrsireefi' f[ 4,w knife &we with large. It was his bounden duty to show to his creditors in what manner this sum had been disposed of, whether in fair trade and which had down" , the ' irP !'?'' 1 . ' "1- ~, ecut business, or in some person's hands to be paid to him on oil itito custody, with the ham in his posSeSsion, and gave him - in release. It was quite monstrous to suppose he could. have ex- chirge of a policeman. The ham weighed 261bs. The prisoner t rended so large a stun in household expenses during the .short sa id h e wa s ver y d run k w h en h e committed the theft. He was time betwixt his receiving .it. and being committed to 'Nisi:iris sent - to take his trial. Mr. Venables then alluded to the item for postages as a large AN IMPUDENT YOUNG THIEF-7—A verly little boy, named sum for that purpose, where no letters were found •to substan- - bate the charge. It was most material if t here had been this William Smith, whose age, we should imagine, was about nine years, was on Saturday last placed at the bar of the Police Court, extensive correspondence that his creditors should be in posses skrn of the letters, and yet only four were found. He would ad- charged with having stolen a number of articles from Mrs. Williams, shopkeeper, Warren-street, under the following cir mit that the cotton transaction had been accounted for, accord ing to the examiner. These were the points he . was directed to cumstances :—Mrs. Williams stated , that on the preceding press on that occasion, and whatever might he the commission- evening the prisoner entered her shop . and asked the price of a pound of butter. She told him the price, and lie then requested er's judgment on the present occasion, his clients would be per fectly satisfied. • to be supplied witlea pound of bacon. This was weighed and Mr. WILKINS said he had listened to his.learned friends delivered to hen. He then asked for four pounds of bread, address with no less pleasure than attention in his having adopted which, wesaiseeupplied. Tucking these articles under his arm, a differeut tone to what he had done on a forgoer occasion. He he laid violent hands on a pound of candles, (long sixes, as the was happy, individually as well as professionally, that they had complainant averred,) etidpound of eight penny sugar, a nd taken the sting out of this casee--that they had, according to his darted from the shop. In going out, he dropped the long sixes, learned friend, removed all characteristics of fraud, and that and it appears that he grasped the sugar so tightly that the paper opened e and he scattered It as he ran. A police-officer was the only charge against Mr. Moon was that of negligence. The only fault which could be urged against hire had been that he called, who tracked the prisoner by the sweet trail which he had did not keep a book-keeper to assist him in the entry of his ac- left in his wake, and discovered hint in the next street. He was counts; and he apprehended there was no clause in the act of taken to Bridewell. The prisoner did not deny the charge, a nd parliament which reinanded•hine for neglect, unless it could be Mr. Hall committed him to the House of Correctiou for two shown that there was fraudulent concealment on the part of months. Moou. He was aware that £2,500 was a very large sum, and STEALING LIPIEN.--Ysterflay, at the Police-office, a carter, he should have felt that-he was entitled to know from a creditor, named William Taylor, was charged with having stolen a table how that sum had been disposed of. But if it had been shown cloth, which had been entrusted to his care along with some other to him, as a creditor, after the conclusive investigation which linen, to cart from Wavertree to Windsor, and taken it to pawn. had taken place, that the insolvent had acquitted himself,and A young female stated that the prisoner was employed by Mrs. that nothing like fraud appeared against him, he should have Hiles , of Wavertree, to cart linen every week, and some linen been satisfied. was entrusted to his care on Saturday last. On the arrival of The CommissioNae conceived that to be the argument Of the the been ,at its destination the tablecloth was missed, Mr, learned opposiug counsel, that he had not acquitted himself: HYams, Pawnbroker, deposed that the prisoner had called at his Mr. VENABLEs.—Certainly. shop ons Saturday eve/eine-and wanted to pledge the tablecloth. e Mr. Wieereies apprehended, in the absence of evidence, He asked him to whom it belonged, and he gave such unsatis like factory answers that he gave him into custody. The complain assumption would not do. In the absence Of an y thin g. proof, it would uot do fur his learned friend to inflict a stigma - antidentified the tablecloth. The tablecloth was worth ss. or on Mr. Moon's character because he might choose to surmise 6s. It appeared, however, that the prisoner had not actually that because of his negligence he had not been able to account pledged the cloth. Mr. Hall said Mr. Hyams had apprehended for the property that he had fraudulently concealed it. Sup- him too soon. His conduct in • bringing the case forward was posing the application of his learned friend were granted, and Mr. very meritorious. ' The prisoner was then ordered to be re- Moon were remanded, further than gratifying the feelingsairf mended, and the cloth given back to the owner. the creditors, what good could result from it? Mr. Moon's ' A Niers DisTiNctioN.---Yesterday, at the Police-office, a special balance sheet was, in his opinion, one of the most female named Mary Ann Johnson was charged, before the ma labnured and best that he had seen in that court in his life , gistrates, by a blackman named Harvey, with having stolen his proving that Mr. Moon had devoted all his attention in the watch. The complainant, with the characteristic gabble of all so lit u de o f his confinement to the subject; and, if Mr. Moon his countrymen, made a long statement, of which the following were remanded, it would be impossible for him four months is the substance:—That be had given his watch to repair to a h enc e to give a better account of , the transaction. It was im- Watchmaker, and that the prisoner had gone to the watchmaker poss ible to make out clear and distinct accounts from the books and obtained his watch, and afterwards pawned it. The pri which Mr. Moon had kept; Mr. Moon regretted thedeficiencee soner had formerly Washed for him, and be owed her about 4s. but he declared on his solemn oath that he could not account A watchmaker deposed that the prisoner came to his house and f o r it. If he were sent back, at the expiration of four months said he was to bring the watch to her house at seven o'clock in he would only be able to declare the same, and he would then the evening, that the complainant had told her. He accord have been ten mouths incarcerated. Let theth tell hint that ingly took the watch there, and left it. The prisoner said that daylhat he had been a negligent man towards his creditors, the complainant ordered her to tell the watchmaker to bring it who had a right to complain ; but do not, he would urge them, to her house, and she had pledged it for a debt of 19s. 9d. which tell him he had been a fraudulent man. Let them dismiss hint, the complainant owed her, and which she could not get. When at any rate, under the conviction that be had been an un- the watch was brought to her house the complainant was - not fortunate man, but net a dishonest man. . there to receive it. Mr. Halt—" I have nothing to do with the Mr. Moon then, in answer to the questions of the corn- debt; but it appears the prisoner has only been following the missioners, declared on his solemn oath that he could not complainant's orders." Complainant—"Oh yesh, certaitile, I account for the deficiency of £2,s6l—that he had not given that told bib to tell vatchmaker to bring it, but Ino tell bib to receive sum of money to any one to take care of for him in securities, it." Mr. Hall—" Discharge the prisoner." bills, or any available document whatever=-that the money SHOPLIFTING. —Yesterday, at the Police-office, a respectable which had since been paid into that court was not a shilling, of it end godd-looking young female named Isabella Lyons was a portion of that sum, and that £4O of the sum which hail now charged be the shonman of Mr. White, in Ratielagli-street, with been paid into that court was the amount retained by Mr. ltaw !visite, endeavoured to steal a shawl from his shop. The shop linson, solicitor, fir his bill of costs, and that 'M r. Rawfinson 410- man deposed that he was serving her, and while he went to the pended alone on his honour for trio lid e future payment of his 1 -. window - she took a shawl. He (lid not observe her till after- The - CosistissioNtia said this case had beet' one of most wards, - .when he saw the shawl under her cloak. The shawl was anxious consideration to him. He was sure that both sides Iris master's property, and was worth 9s. Mr. White said, in would do him credit for stating, that without any degree of ,if consideration of its 'being her first offence and her having a fectation, he had given this case his best consideration, both on young child, he would rather not press the charge. Mr. Hall the former occasion when he had heard it, and on the present. ' said shoplifting was now carried on to so g reat an extent, and The point at ,issue for him at that moment to fill erase to was so common an offence, that it was necessary to be severe put himself in the position of a juryman, and to say, was in these cases, for the protection of shopkeepers.—The infor there evidence in the case sufficient to. Justify him in-conail mations were ordered to be taken. to the conclusion that the present applic ant to the court ha 'EXTENSIVE BUSlNESS.—Yesterday, at the Police-office, three been guilty of wilfully concealing property which ought to be divided among his creditors ?, If there were an y doubt o n that miserable-looking beings, named Sarah Strain e r , Jane S t rainer, point, in the language of the law, be ought to give the appli- and Edward Armstrong, were placed at the bar of the Police cant the benefit of that doubt. Th e p revious investigation had office, charged by one of the p olice with having a large number embodied many circumstances of great doubt relating to some of Pocket-handkerchiefs found in their possession. A policeman cotton, which by the investigation of the examiner had Been deposed that the night before he was on duty in Dale-street, when he met the two women and the lad at the bar carrying a cleared up. He was glad to find that the doubt whic.› he entertain- small bundle. - He asked what it contained , and found in it ten ed on that question had been cleared up. If he were to r e mand entlemen's silk pocket - handk e rch iefs . all d i ffe rent, and half the petitioner on evidence which would be satisfactory that he g dirty, as if taken from the p o cket. The y c ould g ive no eatis had come to a just conclusion , b ut on which evidence there was er and ' factory account of them , and he took them to Bridewell. They a doubt, Mr. Moon would f or life be shunned by persons of were ail bad characters. The p risoners we r e r emanded in order honour and integrity. He was g lad to p erceive the temp to afford an opportunity t o have the handkerchiefs identified. propriety with which the opposi tion was p rosecuted, b y p arties who had been subjected t o as muc h suffering as in any case Ronesey.—Yesterday, at the Police-office a middle aged which had come before him, The d e ficiency which appeared; •woman respectably dressed in widow's weeds named Margaret he was told on oath, could mot be ac counted for; and that every Thornhill, was placed before the Magistrates charged with hay shilling held by the defendant had been paid into court. The ing stolen a variety of articles from the house of Mrs. Lewis, manner in which Mr. Moon h a d acce ded t o the investigation at in Chapel-street. Mrs. Lewis deposed that the prisoner had the previous hearing a t Lancaster, h a d b ee n most creditable to been in the habit of frequenting her house very often and getting him, and did not show an appearance of guilty fear. If he a glass of ale. She represented het self as a nurse, arid being were to remand him f o r no t c l e aring up the doubt about the de- respectable looking she had asked her to sit down in the kitchen ficiency, and circumstances were 'afterwards to turn up, justi- when she came. -On Saturday she came as usual and was asked fying M r . M oo n, it would be matter of regret both to himself to s it dawn. Soon after a silver tea-spoon was missed an d s h e and to the opposing creditors that he had been so remanded. 'lf insisted on the persons about being searched. The prisoner on the other hand he were discharged, that court would still have took the candle and helped her to look about and then went away. power over him, and should his statement on oath, which he She then suspected the prisoner and followed her and overtook should insert on hi s sc h e dule, b e f a lse, he might he indicted for her in Oldhall-street, and gave her into custody. On searching perjury, and he might also be re - impr isoned under th e insol - her t he silver spoon was found upon her, '3 copper shaving cans vent act, and rema n d e d for three y ea rs to coufinetnent; and And a number of knives and forks.' She haul lost a great num any persons assisting him in concealing that property, if so ber of things during the past 3 months, hut never suspected the doing, would he liable to indictment for a misdemeanour, and p r isoner. The prisoner said she was left a widow end she hail might under t h a t indictment b e i mpr i s oned for three years to gone out as a nurse and as a servant, and she wus chunk at the hard labour. He therefore, when he should have entered on his time- Parkinson, the Bridewell-keeper, said. a note was found schedule the statements which he had made on oath, should dis- upon her from Mrs. Atherton of New Brighton. in answer to charge him. an application for a si tuatton. Mr. Whitty said she had been a ' Mr. VENABLES applied to kno w if the costs of the present very respectable woman, but her husband was (lead and she had proceedings would be allowed? latterly been given to drink. Mr. Hall said he must make an The COMMISSIONER.—Oh, to the utmost farthing t. example; publicans were continually being robbed of all kinds The Case was concluded about three o'clock. of things by parties frequenting their houses who went off with every thing they could lay their hands-on. ' She was committed to take her trial. . • TIM LATE .MADAME MA LIBR AN DE BERIOT.—In the Con sistory Court. Chester. on. Thursday, the proceedings in the causerof De Beriot v. Sharp, promoted by M. De Beriot against the churchwardens•of Manchester, by which the former sought to obtain an order for. the removal of the corpse of Madame Malibrau De Beriot from the Collegiate Church of Manchester to the church of Laken, near Brussels, in the kingdom of Bel gium, were again renewed. Messrs. Jones and Maddock, the 'proctors for the defendant, read a protocol of appeal, that is, •they'ratook the first step towards appealing against the decision of the Rev. fl. Raike's (the chancellor) to the Metropolitan Cohn at York. The grounds of appeal are two-fold: first, the alefeifdant relies upon the want of personal service of the cita tion; acrd,-second, the 'granting of the faculty without giving him unmpportunity of showing cause against thedssuing of the same: The result of this stepavill he, the preventiou.of the is ' suing of the faculty until after the next court day. The de fendant will, in the meantime, have an opportunity of calling upon M. De &riot to prove his interest in the Court of Ap peal, should there be any truth in, the report, that Madame Ma libran was not legally divorced from her first husband. 4...ELUTORIOUS CONDUCT.—Erection of a NEW et-nitwit at Bolton. A short time ago the inhabitants of Bolton subscribed a handsome sum, to be appropriated to the purchase of some testimonial of respect for the Rev. Jas. Slade, the vicar, for his long and faithful (I ) s,:harge of his important duties. Application Was made to himihrough the medium of a committee, to ascer tain his wishes as to the appropriation of the subscribed sum. In preference, however, to choosing some piece of plate, which was the idea"O'the committee, his wish was, that it should be aPrpPria,ted .1.4 'some charity, or the establishment of some in stitutien'OaKjictitility, which he would leave to the choice of the cetinnittea aiiiitifagentent. The committee met their pas tor on ; Monday,the'4Bth ult., and the worthy vicar then, in an eloeu6nt addiess,4flich has since been printed, expressed his wish that the suni should he applied to the erection of a church and school near Bolton. We extract the following from his elo quent appeal' to biePitrishioners. "Those persons, who pro claim the vast superiority of the Church, and inveigh against her enemies, may be justly called main and expected to do something, 7ea, something substantial for her suppoct• I n time has fully arrived, when it has to be determined.hethoeir.. her friends will effectually exert themselves o n her • behalf, not. Let them be thoroughly assured that the Church cannot possibly he maintained, in the midst of an overgrown popula tion, by mere verbal demonstrations of allegiance an d attach tnent ; there must be, on the part of her son s an d , . daughters,. a spirit of generosity and bene fi cence; some sacri fic es must bo made for her; some gifts bestowe d, which may deserve the name of a sacrifice,' not only by the opulent, but by all classes, according to their power. If this be not done, done libetally and D om e . it will be in vain to cast reproach upon our enetties; the' reproach will belong to ourselves ; the Church will have dWindled and deCaved by t h e neglig en ee, and parsimony, an d ingratitude of her own c hildren."l'his is as it ought to be, coming, as it does, from a clergyman who is an ornament to the established church • and the best proof of its sincerity, is, that the worthy vicar has c ontributed the sum of £lOO towards the subscription cot' the erection of a church and school. We heed hardly add, that this proceeding, in all its bearings, reflects the hieheSt honour upon him'as a christian mini s t er . B o lton Moor haslieen fiked upon as the seite of the church and school. AV ERAG WHEAT. 41 , 7P !114. s d scl BEANS, tmp. Melt. s 4 s d Irish dried red 866 , 8 9 Irish ....... 55 0 56 0 Do. dried white, 9 2 .. 9 g FLoiTa, If 280 tbs. Do.nndried new 8 2.. 8 6 Eng.& Irish sup. English Canada ...... 0 0.. 0 0 Do. seconds .... OATS. 45 tbs Do. thirds...... Irish ....... 3 6.. 3 9 ME ea..2401 - bs. new BARLEY. r 60 ths. Do. old. Irish grinding... 6 0.. 5 3 BRAN, gr 241b5... 55 0 56 0' 50 0 .. sq` 0 40 0.. 42 0 0 0.. d U 35 0 .. 36 0 32 0 .. 34 0 1 6.. 1 8 AVERAGE PRIC SD Si) SD SD Banbridge ...... ..100 0 0102 0 Bacon, 4 cwt.... 48 0a 52 0 Waterford, nevt..loo 0 ..102 0 Hams, dry 541 0 .. 53 0 Colerain .......... 0 .• 0 Do. wet 0 0 Carlow 9B 0 ..104 01 Firkin Lard, 54 0..58 0 Limerick ...... .... 102 0 .. 104 0 Bladdered d 0..... 66 0 .. 69 0 Belfast 100 0 —lOl 0 Grease Butter .... 50 0 .. 56 ii Perry 107 0 ..108 0 Prime Mess Beef, Cork, 2ds, — 0 .. 0 4t 7 tierce, 99 0 ..110 0 Newry Dundalk —A..— 0 ' ' 41 3 ' barrel, 70 0..75 0 Sligo ARRIVALS OF CORN. Ftora tho 29th Nov. to the sth Dee. 1836. inclusive. IRE.- COAST,- . FO- BRITT:II ESCRIPTION. TOTAL. D I LAND. NVISR. REIGN. AMF. R. .......... -...--.--.--• ---- Wheat Qrs 1128 ' - 413 1.41 Barley Qrs 211 916 2937 Oats Qrs• 7985 211 Flour Saek-P.l 600 112'..17 Ditt o Barrels! 201 2.1 Braun.... Oatmeal Lomlsl 7102 187 7289 • Malt Qrs 5 1681 108.1 Beans ....0rs 607 75 682 Peas Qrs 20 5 2 !-, Rye Qrs 3 0 341 . Shelled Barley Ot4 Rapeseed Barrels, Indian Corn ........ .Qrs ----------------- COTTON MARKET.—Two o'ci.pcx. The Matket has been quiet to-day ; the sales are 1,500 bags, without change iu prices. REMARKABLE QU iCk PASSAGES. The following swift voyages have just been completed from hence to Bombay and back by vessels belonging to this port. viz.:— The Park field, M'Auley, 496 tons, in 6 months and 29 days, including 32 days' detention discharging and loading;—the Reliance, Bowen, 605 tons, in 7 months and 23 days, having been detained 29 days discharging and loading; and the Mary Bibby, Cumming, 229 tons, in 7 months and 4 days, including 21 days' detention. The speed of the Reliance, considering her size, is quite equal to that of the other vessels. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. TUESDAY, DEC. 6.—Noon, Wind W.S. W.—Moderate. (An Irish Mail. —High Water 9h I im.) AltßlVED.—Courier, Pride, from St. John, N.B.—Wilton Wood. Stockdale, from Port Wallaee—Manehester, from Pernambuco. SAILED.—Emma, Cole, for Genoa—Warrior, Foster, from Lisbon. Martha. Viner ; Inca, Harrison ; Solway, Procter ; and Exchange, Cole, hence, at China, previous to the 4th Jul} Mattakesset, Drew, hence, and Manilla, at China. Judith, hence, for China, sailed from Singapore 13th Aug. Margaret Johnson, Kelly ; and Hamilton, Bailey, hence, at New Orleans. Pocahontas, West, hence, at Philadelphia. John Dunlop, Scholetield, 9th ; Great Britain, French, 9th ; Char lotte. Parker, 14th, hence; Ontario, Huttleston ; and Westminster, Moore, from London ; Formosa, Orme ; and Poland, Anthony, from Havre, at New York. Glasgow, Hutchinson, hence, at Waterford. Iris, from Dublin for this port, has been towed into Rhyl, with loss of rudder. Elizabeth and Ann, Wright, from Quebec, sailed 31st Oct. On 27th No. in long. 26 W, spoke the Mary Ann, of St John's, bound to Cork, with loss of mainmast, head, topmast, bulwark, sails, &c. On 26th, 27th,and 3 1 1th Nov. spoke the Ann Eliza and Jane, for Hull, with loss of sails, bulwarks, &c, and 2 men washed overboard on the 27th Nov, MISCELLANEOUS. The weight of the National Debt in gold amounts to 4,088,475 lbs or 6,289 tons 9 cwts. 3 qrs. nibs. A DEst a A tux RESI DENCE.—We find in the newspapers that a person has advertised a house to let within 1500 yards of Hell Gate. A divorce of the Queen of Portugal is talked of, and a report is renewed as to a new pretension to the hand of Donna Mafia for the Duke of Nemours. GREEK CONSUL AT LIVERPOOL—The King has been gra ciously pleased to approve of Mr. J. NI. J. Tilby as Consul at Liverpool . . fur his Majesty the King of Greece. ZOOLOGICAL. GARDENS AT MANCHESTER.—Arrangements are in a state of forwardness for the ,:stablisbnient of Zoological Gardens at Manchester. MODERN l'satonicaLs.—A bookseller in Paris was lately asked for a copy of the Constitution of 1812; ‘• 1 do out deal in periodicals," said the Bibliopolist. Flogging in the Danish army has been abolished by a royal order dated the lith ult., and imprisonment with bread and water substituted for it. , Mr. Hutt, M.P., has received a communication from Mr. J. D. Hume,. Secretary of the Board of Tra:le, that toe Govern ment have made representations to the Danish Government against those impositions called Sound Dues.—Hull paper. OLDHAM COTTON SPINNEUS.—There is now a general turn out of the cotton-spinners at Oldham; and all the mills of asso ciated masters are standing. It is a dispute about wages being under the list. EARLY Itisiszc.—Dean Swift says that" he never knew apy man rise to eminence who lay in bed of a morning;" and Dr. Franklin, in his peculiar manner, says that "he ‘ , llO rises late may trot all day, but never overtake tits business." The Americans are about fittit , out an ex pedition on a splen did scale to examine thoroughly he Pacific Ocean , and to ex plore the unknown regions of t st Antarctic. Congress towards t h is already voted a grant equal t o £60,000 sterling he outfit. h lr e V r ar ss le, ti lv y if e e a n r, f a l e r v . SINGULAR T. Wade, fanner, twin , blind upwards of twenty-eight years, has had her sight restored within the last few weeks . , v, ithout the attendance of a surgeon, or taking any m edicine whatever.—Bury I is of Bath, who sent the" beautiful little picture, "' ht V.xhilntion, to which she atta ched forty guineas as the he young Gpsi l e a s d ; ,l Valenct," to the Mane price, hail that sum re mitted to her on S.iturday. 'fhe holy is scarcely 20 vests of a ge and has but lately devoted herself to the study of oil paint ing.—Bath Herald. JAMAICA.—An old hard-going -veteran, who had been tanned and roasted to a cinder, on bein'g asked for his opinion of the c.itintiy, replied. like a true Salamander, "0 ! 'tis the finest place in the world, because one is atwasa thirsty ; and there is always plenty to drink " Lord Melhour9e's deceased son and only child, the Hon• George Augustus Frederick Lamb. was in his &lth year, having been born on the Ilth August, 1807. This ami,ble young man has lung laboured under infirmity which renders his 'demise a happy release. Sir Frederick Lamb, Lord Melbourne's next brother, is now presumptive heir to the title. ECLIPSES.—There will be live eclipses in the ensuing year, two visible and three invisible. The visible ones are both of the moon; the first will take place on Thursday, the 20th of April, at 47 minutes past five o'clock in the afternoon; and the second on Friday, the I3th of October, at 32 minutes past eight in the evening. TUE STYLE MUNICIPAL—The following specimen of the " schoolmaster ahead" is front a gentleman who has the honour of being a town-councillor of Exeter :—" Sir, — A meeting of the Feoffees of —, will be held at the round lice tat tharsday next, 17t lest at 6 o'clock in the Afternoon on pefteckitter Buessnese.—Exeter, Nov. 161, 18:%." VOCA I.ISTS. —A fatality appears to. attend the matrimonial al liances of the female vocal corps, both native and foreign. Let ters from Paris state that Madame Grisi and " the gentleman of moderate f ortune, to whom she was married last spring, have separated by mutual consent. It is also added, though we hope the report may prove unfounded. that since her recent. accouche went, she has lost her voice. SPORTING ExTasouniriAnv.—On Monday week a gentle man of Stockport was permitted tic st i ty th"Pl""" re ,: cf sr a r ( e li s t , Y i ' n 6 shooting, in a plantation near to Captain White's pi. the neighbourhood of Hayfield. After wasting much powder and shut, for he had fire! upwards of forty times, he returned home having bagged three rabbits and his favourite pointer! ! ! —Manchester Cum ler. ANECDOTE.—ORIGINAL.. —An officer of the navy being in company with an assembly of greenhorus, iu the country, was showing his importance by blusterieg and spinning tough Nisi. Speaking of the swiftness with which he hail idly sailed upoirTh the e seas, he declared that he had passed so rap through wa ves as to tear off the ship'sirTheer:trilAig y te utt s g pe S e a c i t h o , r B Vt u . d il d O e h n a l d y b re e re en al s k ta e n d, dLn . g . :;? , ' , of,-1 have fre quently sailed so fast that we were obliged to heave to, to cool the ship's rudder irons." EXTRAORDINARY Discoverv.—On Saturday last, as a poor aged woman was wading through the mud on the banks of Ilk:- Thames, on the east-side of Waterloo bridge, iu search of c 1 she turned up a tin box. which she broke open when out fe ll s bag, which con tained £5O in g e ld and t 3 silver. At the bottom of the box were deposited three£s and two £l5O Bank of England notes. There were also two gold watch, and several bars of silver. diamond rings, one ROCHDALE OPERATIVE . CONSERVATIVES.--The Operative Conservatives ate ma k ing preparations fur a public dinner to b t o e u n t d a n Upwards Cha rles i Wilkinskels haves promised already tohe b e en in a t tendance. about a dinner' will take spoken for. A c perative Conservative Association has lately been establishecl o-o at Small Bridge, two miles from Rochdale; ke place at Christmas. Tickets are 2s. each. Conservatism seems to be increasing iu the ueighbouthood Rochdale.