The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-06-22 00:00:00

Etttraturt. , MSNITO , -4c4 ETCHES OF .A ITAL Y, TRIP TO GYP THE CONTINENT, AND ET. BY EDWIN KEET, ESQ. No. XII. (Written for the Liverpool Standard.). liZewalk•Jil lewn the railway station at Torre del An r..i2.ta It) the exhumed city of Pompeii, through fertile wue veil-cultivated gardens and vineyards; and as you *wad We gate of the long-buried city, you are impressed mitit awe, and a mournful solemnity steals over the mind iliktus.ibly. Here, in these shops, business was transacted yeafs since; and the marks of the wine and oil ves- Axis r.eataiti on the counter still, plainly visible. There, , ser,. Use roofless temples, their beautiful marble pillars day «act aril sublitne ; the painted decorations still or lati:alent the walls of grottos, baths, fountains, and houses, Ana.?i..-Are as fresh as when first painted; and the beautiful inlaid , tloors. with the portraitures of birds, beasts, „Yeaswzrs, fruit, tics, and, various other subjects of a higher -fnad more hi . storic order, depicting heroes, beautiful wo mtu, and pagan dute2s, are worthy all admiration and aa<ti In one of the apartments, down so far below the :.Ikwei of the! surrounding soil at Herculaneum, we were stgptied bread, fruit, and wine; and busy thoughts mominpanied us during this refreshment, of the state of se*ty so heautitu:ly described by Bulwer as existing dec~x, in contrast to the present trailing, scientific, book -7rAelnigr, and ,Mantrnon-loving age. The house of the lriatic poet, the target house of Sallust, and that of L'aiia, are _ beautifuily ornamented, particularly that . . -,6,o.4iniug the Z.iacritiee of Iphigenia: There you see, in .oic, the picture of the " Comic Actors attiring them -,-Rve,s," and also that of the " Re-marriage of Alcnelaits zuvi Helen after the Trojan war." The bearded man with the sceptre,—the hatf-veiled, timid, lovely woman, , itrit,ti the diadem, embroidered dress and bracelets, and -'fie winged Victoria,—these are wonderfully fine and spi z:,/c4l._ Another scene of Achilles and Briseis, Patroclus d the wingless Mercury, huropa and the Bull, are also, wolth a mulinudc of others, very fine, graceful, and effec tive. The guard-room seems as if the soldiers had just 3kelt it to esuipe the fiery deluge : their pencil scribbliugs ' the wally yet remain. It is a question with some whe lrier the greater part of the inhabitants did not escape, Ts, with the exception of thirteen skeletons being found year the entrance-gate, but comparatively few other re twins of dead bodies were discovered. Some of the few - fiette.rs, in bronze, remaining on the floors and the fronts --tf the houses, are of a tine bold and Roman character. While I was sitting pensively ruminating upon the de zuction around me, in the house of Diomedes, noticing `lino marble fluted columns cracked and injured by fierce the wooden beams scorched and black, and burnt 4v.0.:..t to tinder, by the ashes, sulphur, and lava, that had nverwhelined the doomed city. The custode aroused me Ittwai my reverie, by telling me that the King of Naples not allow any sketches to be taken without permission, mad that no one was allowed to walk about without a 42. - dde accompanying him. This I found a trouble and Annoyance, utterly subversive of all serious thought, as he ' wras continually gabbling about every building and object -Are came to. Before I' went over the city I had carefully itar.oected most of the fifteen thousand objects exhumed, --- 4=ti placed in the magnificent Museo Borbonico, at Kuplee ; these give you a good idea of the manners, cos -4=ms, state of the arts, civilization, and luxury that pre -railed in the three cities of Herculaneum, Pompeii, and tat iae. Tne 1 tely-planted willow trees are in good taste, And add aculitiocal sadness to the solemn grandeur that salvo around this devoted, ruined, and for so many years intried, city of Pompeii. Twenty-one large Amphorve *mad in one room where seventeen skeletons were found. "Cho figures of a pig, cock, and slave are depicted on an Akar. The house of the Eaun contains splendid figures of ,omits, fish, ducks, peacocks, goldfinches, and curious owers, and a most splendid interior is, by the order of the King of Naples, excluded from public view, and -wavered with boards. Tale hot and cold baths, the fountains, the marble seats, Vae forty figures of Satyrs supporting the frieze of a beau tiful temple, the marble squares, cisterns, the forty am- Thome sphinxes, the font with beautiful -mosaic shell - *arks: let into the forms of animals, vases of flowers, all are worthy the traveller's careful attention. Here you see a magistrate's name' there, HAVE, or good day ; <Lae bath with SALVE. The temple of Vesta contains a :Sue bath and place for sacrifice, one chapel with cats, .cats, and forms of angels all round, between pretty fluted Ataarble columns ; then a little further on you see a granary, "wens, mills, and a soap shop; then a marble tomb, with gallery and men in fine clear bold relief—all these, and -a, variety of other interesting objects might be enumerated ; .taitt, utter our exploration of the long-buried majesty of city, we looked wonderingly at the imperturbable manse of all the mischief, \' esuvius ! and how quietly did ire gently puff forth /he smoke from his ponderous jaws. We determined, although it was high noon, at the solici lation of a labouring man, who said he was a guide; to as cend the mountain 'on-the side it was seldom or ever as- conded; and to go down it on the other, little dreaming o siatould have about 17 miles hot, ashy, fatiguing walk nug. After passing through several fields and vineyards, Riatenced as usual in Italy, we came to a village surrounded Irir ashes. Here we laid in our supply of bread, wine, and cgs, and, the guide furnishing us with walking-sticks by Itreaking off branches of trees six feet in length, we set off ▪ good earnest to climb the mountain. Leigh Hunt says lofty mountains appear to him as " great impostors." We found this ash-mantled giant preeminently one ; for soon we left behind us the cultivated fields and vine 3wds, and entered upon one vast sea of ashes, forty miles in circumference ; no footpath or road, no mark human or any living feet ; on, on we plodded our arfocotonous, weary way, sometimes taking vast ridges lea firmer footpath, then from the rugged scorie -cinders, and lava, obliged to change our line of march, lite guide first, myself next, our silent, sulky companion, ItLe Bostonian last, after about four miles of gradual .c:facenthe wished to turn back, as he did from the heights • Terracina. 1 strenuously opposed this retrograde crovetnent. After a rest of two minutes and a little wine, "ye again proceeded: now the ascent began to be more apa - pandicular, and as the air got thinner and purer, and are got hotter and more exhausted, we turned over on our 'tacks, gasping like fish thrown upon the verdant grass men" dragged from their native element, only our bed -was ashes, our walk in ashes, our prospect all around us, as the eye could reach, ashes--how happy was I as the guide gradually increased his distance from us to throw myself, on the large lumps of lava, thrown out in erup ti.unas, and imbedded in the ashes, as a momentary respite -am our toil. These lavas are said to contain portions of is u, copper, and sometimes small quantities of silver, Arad, and other metals, these lumps have reached the -iensermous size of 108 feet round, and 17 feet high, one of 'this size was projected from the crater to a quarter of a Vitae distance ; one other of 92 feet in circumference was licown a greater distance into the valley between the inountain and the hermitage. Pliny describes the erup ion in A.D. 79, as involving the whole country in pitchy -karkness ; after burning until the twelfth century the fire 4lppeared to be quite extinct until the sixteenth. Since 11 s)6 it has continued burning. Out of 29 eruptions, *um the time of Titus Vespasian to 1800, 14 took place in the last century.—But the guide is shouting to us Andiaino, corragio !" and on we go, and at last arrive at - the base of the cone—what a most lovely prospect was —the vast Mediterranean with its bays, islands of Procida, and Caprsea, the ruins of Pompeii like a -do.ess-board, its temples, streets, theatres, and squares, •Itike castles, knights, kings, and queens in the mimic , ±But the guide still calls ! We have been three hours, anti twenty-five minutes' more desperate work will enable las to scale the rugged crown of the Fire King ! How ilarefully did I step by step follow in the footsteps of our _vide, to gain a firmer footing. Every tread was nearly -.afoot deep in ashes ; all the sewings of my boots were •Istsarly burnt, so as to separate the soles from the upper part; and a piece of string from my guide, and one of my garters, kept me just from being barefooted as a friar. But we are now at the top, and in my joy I chanted ' God save the Queen," in triumph over the " Star :opangled Banner." Here we took out our bread, wine, ; 2.d eggs, roasting the latter in the crevices of the hot iralphur, in about six or seven minutes. While enjoying this repast, and - wondering how silent everything was trout us, we were alarmed by a jarring sensation and a lova report, something above the slamming of a huge minor in a vaulted chamber, and a clap of thunder ; a great • -smell of sulphur, with a cloud of vapour and smoke , .came per us. bilatAing up the fragments, we hastily ran - mund to another part of the margin of the crater, to ..rvoid the suffocating cloud that passed over us. Having :wished our repast, we walked carefully round the vortex :be a favourable spot for close inspection down the fathom less abyss. All was dark—distant rumblings, as of a giant drr_ pain, only heard at intervals. Seeing a large lump of =gusted lava on the margin of the pit, I dislodged it iny'stick, and it went bounding back, down into the tgalph below. Immediately afterwards arose such a hiss t„ spitting, thundering explosion of hot water, stones, sia ashes, that we all -feared the monster was angry and ..cruraged at the insult ; and to escape his resentment, we lam from his formidable jaws in great trepidation. The shades of evening began now to close around us. 'We hadteen seven hours on the mountain sides and top, -and our descent down the precipitate sides of the cone - was as zierial, flying, and rapid as our ascent was slow, •ftiguing, and monotonous. I think each stride, aided_ mad supported by our sticks, was from six to eight feet -visstaut, the feet penetrating about eight or ten inches in 'tale ashes. I have skated fast in the Sefton Meadows and 15.. e Serpentine, but never had I so rapid a flight, or such Ariciailarating sensations, as when galloping down the ashy 417311 e of Vesuvius. We soon recovered breath, emptied the ashes from our boots, and reached the Hermitage, -mere Lachrymi Christi, with delicious bread and butter, -11f.galed, elevated, and reinvigorated us. The travellers' . athum was brought to us, in which some severe lines to 50 ger s, Moore, and Hobhouse were inserted, penned b a gro in ptu , for their passive indiffer ence a t th e l ong in "nation of Byrons statue in the vaults of the London Custom -house. The trees around the Hermitage are y s y pleasant, and the seats as commodious as the pros ect is enchanting. Many parties were coming up w ith ls :r guides, horses, and attendants; but we had th e woa d .satisfaetion o f havin g accomplished a feat which law travellers had dared to venture ; and when we reached file York Hotel, and had climbed ourkll3 steps to our ur tatr.mliers on the terrac ed roof, we too a g ance at vlig,ht flames then visible amidst the _dark clouds of smoke Cut wreathed around the Fire King's mountain top, and "T on sank into a profoundly deep slumber, enjoying, after .sue romantic day's pleasure and fatigue, " Tied Nature's sweet restorer, balmy sleep!" ru RAILWAY SPECULATORS--ALARMING PRECEDENT. -injunction was the other day granted by the Vice IC - rancellor, to restrain the transfer of shares disposed of 1, 1 a hmatic. This is a fearful precedent. If transactions All the share-market are to be inv alidated merely because varties to them were lunatics, how many bargains - I """hiring the runway al;zia will be allowed to stand ? HAS THE POTATO BLIGHT RE-APPEARED ? An able correspondent of the Manchester Examiner states the result of sedulous enquiries recently made by him into the correctness of the reports so confidently put forth by some parties, with respect to the re-appearance of the potato blight. The result is most important and satis factcry as regards Ireland. The information from that country is furnished by Mr. Bianconi, who owns a large property near Cashel, and conducts a large coaching con cern, employing sixteen hundred horses on the roads in the south, the west, and the midland counties of Ireland. Mr. Bianconi, the writer says, " Has establishments and servants in more than a hundred and twenty towns and villages ; the men employed by him, many of them tra velling every day, and reporting what they see to him, number about seven hundred ; while he himself is travel ling very frequently. Moreover, as a practical and intelli gent man of business, he has a reputation known to Europe. He writes to me on the 15th June thus : " Longford, Cashel. " Dear Sir,—ln answer to your letter of the 13th instant, I have to say there is nothing wrong with the potatoes known to me or to the tenants on my estate. Over several miles which some of them have travelled, or where I have of late travelled, 1 have not, and they have not, seen any potatoes injured by the disease of last year; and everything agricultural is, most pro mising. —Yours respectfully, C. BIANCONI.” " From Banagher, in the King's County, bordering upon Galway, where I saw the potatoes planted in the spring, and formed an acquaintance with the growers, I have letters containing the cheering intelligence that no disease has appeared there. And so from other districts of Ireland." The writer gives next a description of the state of the crops in the neighbourhood of Chorlton, and thence to " Jackson's Boat," where he crossed into Cheshire. In his route he found nothing in the shape of disease ; the only symptom which parties unacquainted with farming might think unfavourable, being an occasional slight speck on the under leaves, which are the oldest leaves of the plant, and which speck always appears so soon as the tubers are completely formed. The insects had made some ravages in the orchards ; but the cold and the rain of the I last week destroyed them by myriads. From Jackson's Boat he proceeded along the Mersey embankment, cross ing the meadows to Hale, finding no blight; and thence through the country occupied by market gardeners, tow ards Northen. Everything here was luxuriant ; and the tenants laughed to scorn the idea of any disease being to be found. As an example of the way in which rumours are blown abroad from the most untrustworthy origin he says, " At Northen Boat House, I met a gentleman who had' no doubt that he had seen it on his father's potatoes last Sunday ; ' and this very day,' said he, ' not an hour ago, I saw the blight spots on your potatoes,' addressing Mr. Hough, 'in your garden.' Will you let me see them ?' I enquired, and as he was willing to do so, and Mr. Hough was willing to let us go to his garden, we went. We searched for the spots which had been seen an hour ago, but there were no spots now—not one." From Northen our tourist re-entered Lancashire, by Didsbury, an important potato district, the appearance of the whole of which he describes as most promising. etntrai zflitsrellany. The apples in Somersetshire and Dorsetshire, although attacked by blight, are expected to be good crops. The British Association will meet at Oxford on Wed nesday, the 23rd instant. The Earl of Cathcart left Montreal for England via Boston. on the 11th of May. The importation of flour from Havre to this country has again commenced. Milton's house, in Horton, Bucks, was put up by auc tion on Tuesday. £2,700 were offered, but this was beneath the reserved price. It is rumoured in well-informed circles that Mr. J. C. Adams, the eminent astronomer, will be created a baronet by her Majesty at the ensuing installation at Cambridge. General Sir Harry Smith, at the review on Thursday, wore his uniform as Colonel of the Riffle Brigade, and was mounted on an Arabian which had carried him through the dangers of the Sutlej. A LARGE TURTLE.--The Lady . Prudhoe, Charlton master, arrived at Swansea last week, bringing several large turtles from the Crooked Islands, and one of them, on being killed, was found to weigh upwards of three hun dred pounds!! DEATH OF CARTER, THE LION . KING.-This celebrated individual, who obtained some notoriety for his daring exploits with wild animals, expired at his residence in Arundel-street, Strand, on Friday. He had been for some days past exhibiting his Mammoth horse. The name of the female who threw herself beneath a railway train at Wandsworth is Frances A. Arney. She belongs to Gosport ; and it appears she has been incited to the unfortunate act by the false accusation of having robbed her mistress. It has been resolved, on the motion of Sir Culling E. Smith, that females be admitted members of the British organisation of the Evangelical Alliance now sitting at Edinburgh—but they are not to be allowed to speak or to act on committees. Major General Sir George B. Pollock, C.C.8., arrived in England on Tuesday by the Marlborough, at Margate, and immediately proceeded by rail to London, where apartments had been taken for him in Alberrnarle-street. The gallant general is still suffering from great indisposi tion. A singular skeleton, seated cross-legged, with a piece of iron by his side, has been found in the tomb of the De Brougham family, in Westmoreland, supposed-to be Udard de Brougham, governor of Appleby Castle, and a crusader in 1174. MYSTERIOUS ANNOUNCEMENT.—We are glad to hear that a noble duke, having property in a county near the metropolis, has arranged his affairs to the satisfaetion of all parties, in the attainment of which he has been mainly aided by the disinterestedness of the noble marquis, his son.—Globe. WORTH TRYING.—A Pittsburgh paper states that a field of potatoes was wholly destroyed by the rot, but was permitted to lie over to this season without culture, and it was discovered to have produced a fine crop of potatoes, without a single symptom of disease. Let this fact be looked into.—New York Herald. EXTRAORDINARY OCCURRENCE.—The office of inspec tor of corn returns for the week ending last Saturday was for once a sinecure, not a bushel of any kind of grain having been returned as sold during the week ; a circum stance which, we should think, is unprecedented in the annals of our market.-14roreester Chronicle. PORTUGUESE PnonucE.- 7 -The arrival of a vessel from Portugal, laden, with one exception, entirely with articles of food, is a novelty and a circumstance which was for merly of rare occurrence if it ever took place. One has recently arrived, having 481 bags of beans, 29 barrels of eggs, 117 boxes of onions, 21 barrels and 30casks of pota toes, and 25 casks of, beef, the produce of that country. The vessel alluded to arrived at Liverpool. SPOTS ON THE SUN.—There are at this time a number of very fine spots on the sun. On Thursday, the 17th inst., not fewer than fifty appeared when I viewed the sun through a powerful telescope, four of which were very fine, and surrounded with large brown margins. The remainder were in clusters, or groups of small spots crowded together, and appeared very like the perforations of small shot—Letter from Mr. Holden, the astronomer. The Salt Chamber of Commerce had a meeting at Northwich on Saturday, to promote a total repeal of the East India Company's salt monopoly. The chairman was directed to enter a formal and energetic protest against the continuance of the manufacture and sale of salt by the East India Company as being inconsistent with the terms on which they hold the government of India, unjust to the natives and a serious impediment to the trade and manufactures of this country. An immense beam, for the engine at the lead mine of Latkill Dale, near Bakewell, Derbyshire, has been cast at the Milton iron-works, and weighing, with the waggon which conveyed it, 24 tons ; It was drawn by 24 horses, and ten men were in charge of them, and another. waggon behind, of smaller dimensions , drawn by five horses. ' The latter vehicle contained all the necessary ropes and tackling for safe delivery ; and above them a sufficiency of hay and corn for the horses on their journey.—Sheffield Iris. On Monday night, the most public streets of Paisley were perambulated by a cart, drawn by about half-a-dozen working men, on which large placards were displayed with the words, " Starvation—Money or Bread for the Unem ployed." The cart was followed by hundreds of persons.. The crowd conducted themselves in an orderly and peace able manner, only stopping at the principal provision dealers' and merchants'-shops, for the purpose of procur ing food and money. This mode has been adopted by the destitute individuals, as a resort to procure the immediate means of subsistence. On FRIGHTFUL ACCIDENT AND LOSS OF LIFE. , Friday evening an accident occurred in London, upon the works in connexion with the London and Gravesend Rail-. way, in consequence of the falling of an arch passing over Great Russell-street, at its northern end. Several lives have been sacrificed. During the latter part of the afternoon, it appears that several of the men employed in the erection of a viaduct were engaged in removing the struts and centrepieces from the brickwork forming the permanent way for the new line. But a few minutes had elapsed after the removal of these timber supporters before a cracking was heard overhead, and before it was possible to warn the parties who were passing under the bridge at the time, the whole of the new work came down with a tremendous crash. As soon us it was possible men were set to work to remove the rubbish, and in a short time three persons were found all very seriously injured. In prosecuting their further search, the men met with the body of a respectably-dressed man, who was literally smashed to a mummy, scarcely a trace of his fea tures being discernible. Soon after the body of a middle aged female, frightfully mutilated, was found. No other persons have been found, though it is said there are two boys beneath the rubbish. THE GRAIN MARKETS.—The corn markets are again rapidly lowering, and everything else is more brisk in con sequence. At Mark-lane on Monday, the decline in Wheat was Cs. to ls. per quarter, and at Liverpool and Leeds on Tuesday, as well as at Wakefield on Friday, the market was equally dull and drooping. The weekly imports from abroad are now very considerable, and further reductions may therefore be looked to. The quantities of grain and other provisions, with which hundreds of ships now on their passage, are freighted, are believed to be Immense, so that the holders of grain will look to what may be the whichfarmersnowhi cfeelingha rlately didtuoe yo n nn e po r: tt h o vde u ai s sinlp n ee e odw s s se harvest,snoi n o f tot eteh te hi be istto e o n pi scp v k i ots e or d tau . ht :ti S htr ye o egmhr c ei l agt o yth s e e d state of the m ar k e t i n M ar k - l ane , on M on d a y nex t, w ith e a s that not icespr be again afforded them again of doing so ; and it is said that there are a great many in this situation, the majority hav ing waited in the expectation of considerably enhanced rates. They should bear in mind that new potatoes will, in the course of another fortnight, be in pretty general use, which must greatly relieve the consumption of farina ceous food. THE L lir ERPOOL OANDitilp. POISONING AT CARLISLE.—A revolting case of murder by administering arsenic, has just been discovered at Car lisle. Mrs. Mary Thomson, the wife of a millwright and engineer, died on the 29th ultimo, after several days in tense suffering, and under circumstances that seemed to demand a pos mortem examination of the body. This took place, and the two surgeons, Mr. Elliott, and Mr. Mortimer, who analysed the contents of the deceased's stomach, stated that they detected 51 grains of arsenic therein. In the husband's pocket was found a paper con taining arsenic, and he has consequently been taken into custody on suspicion of having committed the murder. ATTEMPED ESCAPE OF CAPTAIN JOHNSTON.—About three weeks since the notorious Captain Johnston, late master of the Tory, whose trial for the murder of several of his crew attracted so much attention, endeavoured to effect his escape from Bethlehem-hospital, and all but succeeded in the attempt. To facilitate his plans, it ap pears he had cut away all the wires connected with the alarm bell, and in all other respects made his arrange ments with admirable skill. The rumour runs that he had bribed a person in the establishment to wink at his attempt by a promise of .:C2O, and that the latter, not finding the money forthcoming, allowed him to go on till the last moment, when he gave information. Such are the facts, as our reporter had them from a source on which he places considerable reliance.—Globe. FOOD FOR TILE PEOPLE.—The arrivals of foreign grain at Liverpool, during the last ten days, have been of wheat 9,492 quarters, flour 97,367 barrels, Indian corn 67,029 quarters, Indian corn meal 32,346 barrels, oats 5,325 quarters, beans 5,435 quartsrs ; total, 129,000 barrels, and 82,281 quarters. At Cork more than 100,000 quar ters of grain and flour had arrived in two days, and there were still a large number of vessels outside the harbour. At London also, and other ports, there have been very considerable arrivals from abroad, the effect of which will, no doubt, be felt whenever the sun begins to shine. A private letter from America to a house in Manchester, after stating that 26,000 barrels of flour had come down the Hudson in one day, says, " there is a train of boats continually traversing the Canals that would extend 51 miles, if placed stern to stern, and all deeply laden with the produce of the west." MEDICAL REMITNERATION.—We congratulate the Dis pensary Doctors. Their fortunes are made. They are to get Five Shillings a-Day —whether with or without " rations " is not stated—under the provisions of the Fever Act! They must be inestimable services which are thus rewarded. Had the scale which measured the de serts of the Doctors been applied to those of the Members of the Central Board. the salaries of the latter would not require the same number of figures to express them. Even the five shillings—something better than a half penny a patient—are not likely to be paid. By an Adver tisement feom the Official Committee we learn that the Relief Commissioners have refused to defray the expenses already incurred under the Act ! What in the world are 'they for ? What is the good of them, except to show 'how deplorably the Queen's English may be mangled, and how much mysticism may be wrapped up in a farcical phraseology ?—Cork Constitution. ENCOURAGEMENT TO EMIGRANTS..—III a private let ter received,by the last packet, as we are informed by the city correspondent of the London Times, it is stated that—" All the able-bodied emigrants who arrive in good health are at once engaged, either by farmers or railroad contractors in the country, and at good. wages. Unfor tunately vast numbers arrive in very bad condition, sick of the ship fever, so that there are many deaths, and our hospitals are crowded. We are obliged to put up new buildings to accommodate the extra numbers, and I pre sume the distress will continue all the summer - in this particular ; but those in good health move off at once. No small advantage of this immigration is that by in creasing the population of the free states it will hasten the downfal of slavery. People are discovering every:year that slave-labour is the dearest they can have, and self interest will by and by ' open the prison doors and let the oppressed go free.' " A NEW KIND OF INTOXICATION.—Entering a chemist's shop, a nurse came in for four ounces of ether. As the chemist poured it out, he said to MQ. " This is all the go now : it is used for inhalation. A small apparatus has been invented for ladies. So delightful are the sensations it produces, that persons who have used it for the relief of pain, continue to use it for the pleasure it affords." On a former occasion I had warned a chemist of the dan ger of yielding to a habit which would become his master. The warning was neglected ; the habit has gained the mastery, and the man of talent and of energy has become the imbecile, drivelling idiot. The inhalation of ether, ' the smoking of opium, and all other narcotic vapours, come under the same category. They delight the animal sensations, while they destroy the moral' sentiments ; they introduce their victims into a fool's paradise ; they mock them with joys which end in sorrows—with happi ness which leads to misery—with coruscations of life which are extinguished in premature death. Let every one who values free agency, beware of the slavery of etherisaticn.—Letter in the Times. FAMINE FEVER.—We have been assured bra• medical gentleman that the fever introduced into this city by the poor Irish is not of a contagious nature ; it is not typhus fever, nor in any respect contagious ; it is merely what is now termed gastric fever, originating . from deficiency of food, unwholesome food, exposure to cold, damp, filth, or depressing passions of the mind, nnd. it is a disease very easily managed, if taken at an early stage and properly treated. Six persons were taken to our infirmary in one week, three or four of them in a very severe state of dis ease, and they have been easily-placed in a state of conva lescence. We were lately assured by one of our first phy sicians that he did not believe this fever to be, in the slightestdegree.._contagious ; and we learn from the same I authority that, having been at the Infirmary for nearly 40 years, he never knew fever to traverse from one bed to the next, a distance of two feet ; and, moreover, when he was a pupil at the Infirmary, he was informed by an old officer that he had been forty years at the institution, and had never known a fever to traverse from one bed eo the next. This comprises a period of eighty years, and may be con sidered tolerably conclusive. These facts will, we hope, allay any fear as to contagion.—Bristol Journal. The United States' steamer, Washington, Frederick Hewit, commander, arrived in Southampton water on Wednesday afternoon, at half-past 1 o'clock, after a passage of 14 days, from New York. She has experienced fine weather. A supply . of 200 or 300 tons of coals are re quired to carry thevessel on to Bremen, and it is expected she will proceed after a delay of 24 hours. She brings 127 passengers, abput niinndred of whom are first-class, and amongst them is Mr. Silas E. Burrows, of New York, the bearer of official dispatches for St. Petersburg, and Major Hobbie, Assistant Postmaster-General, whose ob ject in coming to Europe is to effect arrangements for the transmission of the American mails through the several European post-offices. The New York Herald has the following unfortunate anticipation upon the race upon the two steamers, the Britannia and Washington. The for mer it will be remembered, reached Liverpool on Sunday week :—" We have to say, that if the Britannia beats the Washington over (and they both we understand start the same day), she will have to run by the , deep nines, and put in more coal. We shall have, in two years' time, a system of Atlantie,-Gulf,and Pacific steamers in operation, that will tell a brilliant story for the enterprise of Brother Jonathan. We are bound to go ahead, and steam is the agent of the age. We expect yet to see the day when a traveller will be able to leave New Ybrk, and going east ward all the time will be enabled to- make the circuit of the earth, coming in by Huascualco r in the summer inter val between two sessions of Congress, spending a month or two in the Mediterranean on the,way. • A WOMAN SCALDED TO DEATEiIIY HER HUSBAND:— Great excitement has been caused in Dudley, during the, last week, by the death of the wife of a travelling tinker named Blewitt, from scalds received from her husband throwing: a kettle of boiling water over her. About a month since Blewitt and his wife arrived in Dudley, and took up their residence in a lodging-house kept by Biddy Doyle, in Wolverhampton-street. They have been inAhe habit of visiting Dudley for three years-, supporting them selves by grimling. The woman was 23 years old, and always came in company with her husband. She was troubled with elropsy, for which she had once beemin the Birmingham Infirmary. On Monday, the 31st ofMay, the husband went out for a week to work, but returned on the following- Thursday and took his wife with him to Oldbury. On their return in the afternoon some.words arose in consequence of his having to pay for a window which, his wife had broken during his absence. As. her 'husband's violence increased, the deceased left the room, and went up with the • intention of making , her escape through the window. An alarm having been. raised by Doyle, her husband and. another man prevented, her from injury by the fall, and they returned again to the house, the quarrel still continuing, with much irritation on both sides. At length some, expression of the wife so enraged the husband, that he, in his passion, seized a kettle of water, which was boiling on the fire, and threw it over her, scalding her severely about the neck and chest. She died on Saturday_ Blewitt was taken into custody imme diately after the injury was committed, but afterwards re leased. He absconded on the same night, and has not been heard of since. At the inquest a,marriage certificate was produced, which showed that they were married at St. Peter's Church, Liverpool, on the 17th of August, 1844, and that her maiden name was Mary. Ann Shanley, for merly living in. Ben Jonson-street.—Ten Towns' Armen. AUSPICIOTTSAPPEARANCE OF THE SEASON.—The me mories of living men reach not back to a year in which a blessed abundance was more manifest than it is this year ; the firmament never changed more favourably for men's , benefit than it has changed this season. Tha t frost might I purify the earth we had frost in winter; that vegetation might not expend itself too soon, as following a long frosty winter it was likely to do, we had a spring season of low temperature, dry and most excellent for seed sowing ; that the season might not be a late one in consequence of the low temperature of the spring, the blessed sunshine and the showers of May came forth with power sufficient to redeem the season from lateness—and did redeem it. The warmth of May extended to June. But in June the high pressure of generative Warmth which had come upon the earth to bring the season forward to have the right measure of vegetation at the right date of time, produced through the immutable laws of nature, miasmatic matter dangerous to human health, and with it, p t obably out of it, probably to subdue it for the immediate safety of hu man health, myriads of insect creatures came into exist ence injurious to vegetable health and to the abundance which the earth was bringing forth for the benefit of man kind. To subdue the insects, the temperature was low ered to chillness for a few days, and vegetation was saved. While to wash and purify the growing plants and growing fruit, showers, beneficial to everything, hurtful to noth ing, have fallen frequently and copiously. Still, the in surgents in arms against Providence, and against the rea son of common men, take each of those changes as a prog nostication of evil, and insist that not only shall we have evil days in that part of the year still before us, but that blight, rottenness, and loss are already laying our fields waste. Unable to tell where such blight and loss are to be seen, they tell of somebody who ha s seen them. When we seek to trace out that somebody, we find them to be a creature of fiction, as the whole story of blight a nd potato failure is one of fa brication.--Manchester Examitier, On Thursday morning, Prince Albert attended a re view in Hyde Park, in honour of the Russian Grand Duke Constantine. The Queen was also present in an open carriage. In the evening, the Queen and Prince Albert honoured the Duchess of Gloucester with their company, at a grand ball at Gloucester House. GRAIN IN WAREHOUSE AT DONCASTER.—We have the best authority for stating. there never was so much grain in warehouse at Doncaster as at the present time, and there is the greatest difficulty in procuring room for the large quantities that have arrived within the last month. The supply at our market last Saturday was un exampled for the period of the year.—Doncaster Chron. MALICIOUS DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY.—III the early part of last week 20,000 newly made bricks were de stroyed on the grounds of Mr. Evans, of Clarence-street, Broomhall, in Sheffield. This destructive and malicious conduct cannot be too strongly denounced or punished. A reward of £2O has been offered for the apprehension of the offender. THE LATE JAMES TAWELL, THE MURDERER. —On Thursday, a commission, on behalf of the crown, was opened at Hertford, to enquire what " freeholds, lease holds, lands, messuages, tenements, goods, chattels, &c., J. Tawell, late of Great Berkhampstead, possessed at the time of his death , &c." It appears that besides considerable personal property he held freehold and leasehold property at Great Berkhampste-ad, in Hertfordshire, where he resided, and hence the proceedings there, such property devolving to the crown by reason of his attainer. The deeds and leases relative to the freehold and leasehold property were put in and proved, the latter by Miss. Tawell, who wept bitterly, and appeared suffering under great distress of mind. The whole value of his property was estimated et nearly £B,OOQ. The case excited much interest and great sympathy for Mrs. Tawell, who is highly respected. IMPORTANT CAUTION.—We would particularly caution our readers to be on their guard against a foreigner who calls himself a Pole, and who speaks French and German, and is travelling about the country with a horse and gig accompanied - by a young man, who takes charge of the same while his master introduces himself into the society of respectable families, stating that he has been recom mended by the clergyman, or clergymen, of the place to call upon them• and show his stock of " Gold Geneva Horizontal Watches," &c., and which (where he can) he leaves with one or more members of the families he thus honours with his visits, only requiring, at the same time, a receipt from the person or persons that they have received a gold watch of the value of £l2 12s. His statements are made verbally, and purport that he is connected with a mercantile house in London, &c., who are anxious to extend their business and also solicitous to accommodate the younger branches of family circles with gold watches, on the most advantageous and liberal terms, viz., by instalments of Is. per week, or 12s. per quarter, whichever may be most agreeable. However, ' it turns out eventually the advantage and liberality are swindling bubbles; for shortly after his departure a letter is addressed to the mortified victims demanding payment of the whole amount instanter, or the service of a writ and its attendant blessing will be shared by them. We have examined one of the watches, and honestly pronounce its price to be a monstrous imposition.—Doncaster Gazette. JENNY LIND.—On Tuesday night, her Majesty and Prince Albert visited her Majesty's Theatre in state to see Madlle. Lind in Norma. The royal box, surmounted by a crown, was hung with crimson velvet fringed with gold, the decorations extending• to the boxes on the right and left, in which were placed the ladies and gentlemen of the suite. Two yeomen, according to ancient custom, stood on the stage in front of the box. Her Majesty and Prince Albert, who was dressed in hill uniform, arrived exactly at eight o'clock, which was the signal for the commencement of the national anthem. The brilliant assemblage in the boxes, the splendour of the dresses, the abundance of jewels worn by the fair visitors, pro duced a superb spectacle when the general." rising" took place. Nor was the enthusiasm less than the splendour. Acclamations were heard on all sides, and handkerchiefs were waved in all directions at the end of the anthem. The peculiarity in Madlle. Jenny Lind's Nw.nza is, that she makes the ferocious features of the character less pro minent than her predecessors, but the portions that illus trate the tender affections much more - so. The Times, from which we quote the above, states that Jenny Lind's success was so great, that " after the fall of the curtain Mademoiselle Lind received a shower of bouquets, which covered a great part of the stage. Four times, was she called, and on each occasion took away a portion of the floral treasure. And, let it be added, that among her applauders none were more enthusiastic than the Queen." The Morning, Chronicle, " with every wish to be impar tial"(!), pronounces it " a complete failure." Hundreds were at the doors at three o'clock, four hours before they opened. - - Sir Harry G. Smith, the hero of Aliwall, arrived at Cheltenham on Monday, a course of the Cheltenham waters having been recommended by his medical atten dants. in proceeding from the Railway Station to the Belle Vue Hotel, Sir Harry passed near the College, the pupils of which were drawn up in file and signalised his approach by loud cheers. Sir Harry, in a brief address, thankedibem for the compliment.-3n Tuesday, at half past one o'clock, about a hundred of the resident gentry and tradesman met at the Assembly Rooms. They formed a processiorr, and accompanied by the Montpellier Band, Tor The parpose or walling upon Harry flmith with an address of congratulation, with nearly seven hundred sig natures, notwithstanding the shortness of the time. Sir Harry; in the course of his reply, said,—" T see around me many officers of the sister service, our gallant navy ; God only. knows.how soon they may be called upon to de fend our shores front foreign aggression ; but whenever that time comes I know that they will acquit themselves like men—(cheers)—and though no man is more distressed at the horrors of war, or more in love with peace than I am, yet,.whenever we are called, we will, both services, do our duty -in. driving back hostile footsteps from the shores of our gallant country, or in maintaining and defend ing our glorious constitution. (Cheers.) Gentleman, I have seen a good deal of the world ; I have seen the work ing of the governments of many different countries, but I firmly believe that our own constitution and our own li berties are superior to them all. (Cheers.) If you had seen what I have seen of the state of foreigneountries, you would all of you, like me, thank God and be proud that you bore the name of Englishmen." (Cheers.) REPORTS OF THE 'INSPECTORS OF FACTORIES, — These reports, for the six months ending 30th April, have just been published. The several inspectors notice the de pression of trade which has prevailed for some time, es pecially in the cotton districts. The condition of the ma nufacturing classes is represented to be quite as bad as in 1833.. The factory acts have been generally- attended to, the Vines amounting to only £206. Mr. Saunders appends to his report a table showing the number of persons employed in all the factories in the •kingdom in the two years, ,na ra ely Irr 1838 In 1847 169,334 ... 225,493 ... 235,277 309,383, 404,611 544,876 Tacreasesince'3B 56,1i59 84,106 ; 140,265 Mr. Horner states that 15,243 children in Lancashire are receiving education, but that the moral- and intellectual training is imperfect and inadequate. The schools are generall7 in debt, and without proper-teachers- or a suffi ciency of books. The voluntary principle had been ap pealed to, with some success in the first instance, but the funds afterwards fell off ; and the opinion of Mr. a.unders and other inspectors is that it cannot be brought to work beneficially per se, and that application for the assistance offered by the Minutes of Council would result favourably to theeducation of the great and increasing number of 1 factory children who attend school Sour days in each week. Some of the promoters of the schools are opposed to receiving aid from the governmen t ; from in tr secretaries n notions of dependence ; and seve ral school *m asters d t t l a s m al u aries, and r the secretaries from want of help to insure a successful, result to their•labours. the I Ltste i rti s .7l•= 7 N u i 7 du n c ic t r io c n aseit of say, that i s f t th re e si f g u:ds DR. MAcHALz has addressed one of the worst of his letters and the last, to Lord, John Russell. In this he assaults the Church Establishment with a coarse fury, which all the circumstances- of the case, the boundless charity, indefatigable exertions, and noble sacrifices of that body, taken into account, is all but diabolical,:—" If the object of the . British Association was a fair and im partial distribution of, their, funds, without reference to any other claim but that of suffering humanity, they could not have found a more valuable or efficient agent, or one whose equity and kindness was more calculated to win re spect and gratitude for his employers. • I wish as much 'could be said for others, who have hitherto worn the mask of liberality, who are turning education, nay the anti-national system of, education, into an engine of pro-. selytism and persecution—withholding charitable aid from the wretched serfs who are depending on them unless they violate their consciences, and trample on the reverence due to the pastors by placing them under the tutelage of bigoted anti - Catholic teachers. The monstrous Church Establishment and ' its insolent officials.must not be suf fered thus to exercise over the people its unhallowed do mination. Yet this • is the institution which, fraught as it is with evil, is deafer to, Whigs as well as Tories than the lives of the people." PUBLIC MONUMENTS.—A correspondent of the Athe neum suggests, in that paper, that application should be made to. France, by this country, to surrender to us the mortal remains of two of oar kings- now lying "in cold -obstruction" beneath the French soil. If the surrender of the remains involve the giving up the monuments also. which covered them, we do not think that our neighbours are likely to give favourable bearing to the application. We think that they will still continue to hold the bodies and the effigies of Henry H. and of Richard 1., in spite of all prayers on our parts to the contrary. They can scarcely be blamed ; for it must be apparent to them that we are a people not allowed (we will not say unable) to raise a creditable new monument, and we are without the power fittingly to guard our old ones. Before we make application for the monuments or the remains of our kings reposing in the bosom du foreign land, let us first show ourselves worthy of the trust by exhibiting some thing like decency and respect to those already given to our most unworthy keeping. Let us restore the national monuments of royalty in Westminster Abbey ere we charge our already overloaded capacities with an additional guardianship. Let us do due honour to the memorials of our good kings, or such of them, at least, whose mutilated and uncleanly condition is a disgrace to the abbey which covers as to the kingdom which contains them. Let us, at least, perform the scanty duty neglected here for those whose memories merit better measures of respect than we have hitherto awarded them, ere we would assume the guardianship of the bones of monarchs, one of whom was a liar, each of whom was a bully, and both of whom were sore saints to the Church and heartless kings to the people. We so neglect what we have that we are disqualified for possessing what we have not. We allow the scattered remains of departed royalty to lie about in dusty provin cial museums, and yet we talk of soliciting those whiCh are honourably guarded by France. The hand of Queen Adeliza, -the wife of Henry L, torn from its grave, lies in the.museum of the Philo s ophical Institution at,lipading, in Unseemly propinquity to a strip of skin, or to a portica of what Tacitus would call the "hwrens corpori teymen" of that "greatest happiness" philosopher, Jerry Bentham. While we permit such desecration as this, could we, with any modesty, ask France for the dead daughter of John Lackland ? SUDDEN DEATH OF MR. JAMES ASPINALL, OF LIVERPOOL. We regret to announce that Mr. James Aspinall, of Liverpool, a gentleman well known throughout the county of Lancaster, and highly esteemed by all who had the pleasure of his acquaintance, suddenly expired in London, about half-past eleven on Thursday night. lie had been in the metropolis only a few days, and on the day of his death was in animated conversation with a number of Liverpool and Manchester friends, who are now waiting the result of .the several water inquiries affecting those towns, in one of the committee rooms of the House of Commons. — The circumstances attending his decease were of a very awful character. He dined on Thursday afternoon with a party of friends at the Conservative Club, after which, in company with Mr. Ridley Warnman and Mr. Watts, two friends, resident in St. James's-sreet, the unfortunate gentleman proceeded to* Vauxhall Gardens, where he par ticipated in the gaities of the Royal property, during the evening appearing in excellent health and spirits. Sub sequently the deceased, accompanied by his friends, went to the m wly-erected Gallery of Arts, after inspecting which he was in the act of descending the staircase- ' when he suddenly raised his hand to his head, and having uttered a single exclamation, he fell suddenly to the ground, and on being raised was discovered to be insensi ble. A medical gentleman who happened to be near the spot applied the lancet, but without avail, death having been instantaneous. The body was immediately removed with all the privacy possible to the Vauxhall Tap, adjoin.- ing the Gardens. _ The late Mr. Aspinall was a man of strong political feeling, which, however, was never expressed in any other than the kindest and most forbearing manner. They were of the old tory character, tempered with genuine liberality. He was the last mayor of Liverpool previous to the improved days of municipal reform ; and his part in the celebrated church endowment question will be long remembered, as proving his attachment to our ancient institutions. He was a representative of Pitt-street Ward in the present town council of Liverpool. Mr. Aspinall died unmarried, and during his life resided with his mother, in Rodney-street, Liverpool. His age was about forty-five. A number of the principal families in Liverpool will be placed in mourning by this event. The inquest on the remains was held on Saturday after noon, before Mr. W. Carter,the coroner. Mr. Ridley Warnman, of St. James's-street, deposed that on Thursday evening, at ten o'clock, he was intro duced to the deceased by Mr. Watt, a mutual friend. It had been proposed that they) should visit the gardens at Vauxhall, and they came over in a eab. The deceased was in perfect health and spirits, and they went into the theatre to witness the performance of Mad'lle Caroline. When it was over, they were descending the stairs to see the other performances, and the deceased, when he had nearly got to the bottom, staggered, put his hand against the wall, and fell forward. Witness and Mr. Watt imme diately went to his assistance and untied his neckcloth. A surgeon was sent for, who arrived in about five minutes, and pronounced him quiteAlead, and witness was of opi nion that he was so when he fell, and that it was the result of some disease. He had expressed himself highly satis fied with the performance just before. To the Coroner : He had not partaken of supper in the gardens, as stated. He only had a glass of Seltzer water. Mr. William Watt, of Bishop Beverton, said, that he knew the deceased, and met him on Thursday evening at the Conservative Club-house, of which the deceased was a member, and he proposed a visit to Vauxhall Gardens. They then went to Long's Hotel, where he introduced the deceased to Mr. Warnman, and they proceeded in a cab to the gardens. The evidence of Mr. Warnman was quite true as to what.'took place in the gardens, and witness had no doubt he died a natural death. _ _ _ To the Coroner: Last winter deceased 'had 'a derange ment of the liver and shortness of breath. Mr. Braddell; of Kennington-lane, surgeon, stated, that when he saw the deceased he was quite dead, and only a small quantity of blood came from the•arm when the lan cet was used. Having described the appearance of the body, he said he had no doubt the death was the result of sanguineous apoplexy, arising from some affection of the heart. Mr. James Campbell, son of Rector Campbell and ne phew of the deceased gentleman, said he lived very abste miously, and confined himself to three glasses of wine a-day. The jury returned a verdict of " Natural Death, arising from apoplexy.!' THE EXHIBITION AT THE COLLEGIATE. INSTITUTION. The splendid Polytechnic Exhibiticn at the Collegiitte Institution was opened yesterday, for the display of valued and varied works of art and vertu, working machinery for manufactures, models, nautical and architectural, sLe., .begides numerous theatrical and scenic representations -and illusions, lectures on scientific sub jects, an artificial. frozen lake for the practice .of skaters, a labyrinth formed of real trees ; and,. in fine, every thing that can interest the student in arts and sciences,. and antiquities in natural and mechanical philosophy, or, in modern discoveries, inventions, improvementa t _ and designs. e first visited the lower or ground story. The great attraction here is the skating, or ice lake, constructed in one of the largest apartments, under the superintendence of the patentee of the artificial ice. The scene represents a Swiss lake, that (we believe) of Lucerne, surrounded by. large and other fir trees, &c., real rocks, and churches anti other edifices-illuminated, in the foreground, and enclosed within abrupt and piqued mountains—the whole- clad in the snowy garb of winter. At one end there is a rustic bridge of two arches, through which the spectators, from what represents a beach or shore, obtain delightfuLviews of the lake and the skaters, the rocks, wood, ice-bound eminences. &c. ; and the perspective being welt. main tained, the illusion is most striking and effecive. The evergreens, branching out, overhang the lake. A'portion of the ice is marked dangerous." The rock-work 'was planned by: the patentee alluded to, and the painting was executed by. our talented townsman, Mr. Parker, scene painter. There are 1,500 square feet of artificial ice— s preparation of salts brought into a state of crystalization.. This is flooded on the floor, and immediately-.becomes a solid bed, like crystal, only one-third less slippery than real ice—an advantage to beginners in the art of skating, particularly in forming figures. There is a room .for the fitting-on: of skates ; and we learn that the whole will be kept permanent, for the practice of the amusement of skating, by the pupils of the establishment. In the south-east yard is constructed the labyrinth, a• curious, combination of intricate avenues formed through pine trees, shrubs, &c., with a large square area in the centre.. In the several rooms, all devoted to the,respective de partments, we observed fine specimens of ancient oak, furniture, richly carved and turned, stuffed birds, exam ples of carving in picture frames, &c., the work going on ; chemical apparatus, Millner's patent safety boxes, &c. 1 ; . a working model of an atmospheric railway, ag Ist: g ea r n , l , highly complicated lace working machine, wit h ua at, work, by which many, breadths of fine lace are produced in one broad web, and. afterwards separated by drawing-a t c b o rgal ios a , r ibbon loom at work ; a museum of Chinese p i c tures, &c. ; a mother-of-pearl button ' snaking machine at work ; numerous .working models of steam engines, models of various kinds of steam-boilers ; new gas meters, binnacles, many beautiful models a: ships. and vessels of different countries and classes ; a fine col lection of ancient armour, and figur,es of armed g kn . hts some of them of an, Interesting period in history, sent by the mayor of Worceste r; m an y fi ne d es i gns f or stained glass, eclesiastical and domestic, sent by our townsman Mr. Forrest ; a ,vast collection of antiquities, including the curious arm zhair formed out of a knarled hollow tree, and which belonged to the late Rev. Adam Clarke ; fine prints and works of art, sent by ; Mr. Grundy, of Church street ; architectural models, in white marble, composi tion, &c., stuffed animals ; elegant cabinet work and furniture ; glass-blowing, glass-cutting, and pipe making going on ; experiments (with lectures) on gun - cotton , electricity, and galvanism ;;• specimens illustrative of ancient history ; drawings, maps, and penmanship, by the pupils, as fine in appearance as if engraved;. fustain-cut ting in operation ; vast specimens of fossils and minerals ; Dr. Rafdes's valuable collection of autographs of the great, perhaps the finest-in the kingdom; M'lntosh and Co.'s patent india-rubber, piping, bands, &c. ; beautiful patterns of paper hangings ; collections of specimens of valuable articles of commerce ; fine manufactures in da mask, including a splendid table cloth by Messrs. Hen derson, of Dunfermline, beautifully representing the Liverpool Sailors' Home ; statuary in marble, &c., &c. In the theatre of the institution is fitted up a panorama, painted on" 6,000 feet of canvas ! Here there will also be a daily succession of instructive and of amusing lectures, music, concerts, &c. The celebrated Mr. Rafter, the tenor singer, is engaged. There are also several rooms fitted up for various scenic representations ; to wit, the " Theatre de .petit Lazari," in which small' automaton figures perform as speaking actors, dancers, &c., and also exhibit various transformations ; a room for dissolving views, and phantasmagoria ; a panoramic representation of Sidney and Hobart Town, with, in the same room, a ludicrous system of producing metamorphoses of visitors who gaze, as it were, at their own reflected likenesses ; a theatre of natural magic, or necromancy ; the " Invisible Girl," who answers questions in a wonderful way, &c. In the lobbies and on the grand staircase there are nu merous objects of interest of various descriptions. There is a splendid fountain, with basin, plants, &c., on the first landing. The PICTURE GALLERY, at the top of the building, contains one of the finest and most valuable collections, both by ancient and modern masters, that has perhaps ever been exhibited in this or any other country. We have not room, however, to point out more than a com paratively few of the masterly original productions which struck us as the most worthy of admiration. ANCIENTS,—On the east side of the room :—A glorious large Rubens, representing the artist as St. George and his three wives, with other figures ; a fine cattle and sheep piece, by Rosa de Tivoli ; a cattle piece by Cuyp, beauti fully luminous in colouring, the property of Lord Sandon ; Still Life, by ---, dated 1291 ; several fine Canaletti's ; and many others, some few of which have before been exhibited, but are well worthy of a repeated inspection. MoDEßNs,—West side of the room :—Tintern Abbey, by Cresswick ; Liverpool, with shipping, by Chambers ; one of Cooper's finest cattle pieces ; a beautiful view of Dozebrook ; No. 48, a fine picture by Richard Wilson ; 59, fine forest and stag: scene, by Branwhite ; ruins of Tintern Abbey, by Glover, of Liverpool ; No. 10, land scape, by Pyne ; No. 22, by Herbert : rustic bridge and forest, by Constable; the original "return from hawking, (from the Earl of Bridgwater) ; Caleb Belderstoue polish- bins 22, IS-ii. ing the plate ; stopping the supplies, ludicrous and good; 118, fine portrait, by Eastlake ; several pieces by Cress wick, R. A. ; 128, fine portrait, by Dyce, A. R. A. t 142, villainously good likeness of Robespierre; fine Italian scene, by Calcott, equal to Claude; 206, girl taking a frightened child over style; fotir landscapes, by Richard Wilson ; battle of Drumclog, by Harvey ; Endymion, by Howell, R. A. ; fine piece by Roberts, R. A. ; &c. Such are a few only of the paintings and articles on view ; but weshall return to the subject. We cannot conclude without remarking that the committee deserve great praise for their zeal and exertions in bringing about so fine a collection ; but we think a few days' delay in opening would have enabled them to have arranged every room without hurry, and with more precision, CORRESPONDENCE. HARBOURS OF REFUGE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDAR - It SIR,—BeAg a subscrioer to the STANDARD, I observed, With much pleasitre, your statement on the 15th instant relative to the construction of a Harbour of Refuge at Holyhead, which' now, at last, engqgea the attention of influential and scientific' men. I perused the statement for and against the locality of Holyhead with great interest, and it forcibly struck me (not for the first time) that a work Of such magnitude, and such vast national importance, can hardly expect to meet the views of every observer. if ebrifined' only to one locality. During the last 20 years the late Sir Wm. Hillary, Bart., brought the sub ject of a national Harbour of Refuge in St. George's channel frequently before the' public. On all such occasions he gave preference to Douglas - Bay, and I beg to - refer to his pamphlets for his reasons for that - purpose. My own opinion always has been that Douglas Bay, though possessed of numerous recom mendations, is much tooglinited in extent to contain a national harbour for the western coast of England, and Holyhead is far superior in that respect to Douglas, beet it appears to be ob jected to on grounds from which Douglas Bay is entirely ex empt. This bay is easily approached in heavy weather—during ' all winds—and the anchorage'is sound and firm ; and from the Limestone beds of rock on the Castletown shore, about four - miles off, most durable blockwelimestone of any dimensions could be readily brought by sa in any quantity, and massive grey rack is abundant, now at hand. Now, what- wish to re mask is—that it would partake in some degree of folly to ex pend so lerge a sum as .t - 1,800,000 ona locality so queSticrnable as Holyhead seems to be ; or, indeed, on 4Lny one single bur bour. I think that instead of expending such a vast sum of money on one single harbour of refuge, however extensiveit may be, it would give a far more practicable certainty of pro. viding the required shelter for the navigation of the channel to build two or more harbours of refuge, which would prove , available to.vessels according to the circumstances which might lead them to look for shelter. Say that.Holyhead be the pnn cipal harbour, constructed at an expense co ns id era bly l ess than at present contemplated, (say at .e 1,000,000,) and thatthe' £BOO,OOO, be employed in the localities adjacent, such as Doug-- las Bay. Were this plan acted on, vessels that could not nihke Holyhead in a storm could run for Douglas Bay, which is most readily approached at times when Holyhead • is made with dif ficulty. It has been calculated that £400,000 *mild he a sum' sufficient to senclOse upwards of 20 acres of the present anchor age at Douglas, which would be quite suflreient for all vessels that might miss, or be obliged, to avoid Holyhe a d. Having made these suggestions, I beg to apologise for thus , trespassing on your time and space.—l am, sir, yours, &c., June 17,1847. H. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. SIR,—As the Mercury is not "my paper," I only chanced to see, in yesterday's publication, a letter numbered 9, headed Persecutions of (Roman)'Catholics by Protestanbi, or to that effect. Now as I haven'ot had the patience to peruse the pre vious communications of the writer, who signs himself "A Con vert," I know not what misrepresentations have composed them, nor with what glaring falsities his Papist rSaders have been crammed, but my intention merely is to suggest one or two considerations whichit may be profitable to bear in mind,' be his charges true or false. Frst then let it be borne in mind, that, stung with the memory of recent events, cherishing and feeding their evil passions by the recollection' of the frightful atrocities - which had befallen their ancestors and from which they had very narrowly escaped, and a recurrence of which they naturally feared, it cannot much be wondered at if all the motives' mingled together, which such a conjunction of circumstances might produce, if the spirit of revenge, or retaliation, or fear prompted these men so wickedly to imitate, in some degree, the actions of their unrelenting former persecutors, whOm they thought violence only could repress, and who, like a caged lion, raged and burned to be upon them. It was at worst but the teaching themselves had taught,. and the natural (not the -- Christian,) result of their own example. Secondly, whatever the infuriated passions of particular men may have goaded': them on to, or whatever their fears may haVe thought expedi ent to adopt, no stigma rests on the English Church. There is this great difference then between Protestant and Popish per secutions:—those of the latter were enacted in obedience to the commands of Holy Mother Church, in the canting bom bast which Papists so blindly use, whilst the former received their condemnation from the expressed principles of our own Church. I shall not attempt, (tact is 'needless) to deny that many called Protestants have thought it an act of religion to attempt the extermination of the system which they judged to be opposed to the truth. My charge however is not so much against Papists as against Popery. The guilty passions of men cannot be pleaded for. I accuse the Church of holding avowed principles, inculcating settleddoctrincs, advocatin persecution. It cannot be said, " See what Protestants• have cone; must it • not be expected that the English Church shall do likewise whenever opportunity offers?" I say see what the English Church is, though she has the opportunity, see what she has been through centuries, see what her principles are, and her practice; and toleration, rot in deeds of4reason or rebellion, but of conscience and religion, is inscribed on all her profes sions., and visible in all her actions. But Ido say, see what the Ronnsll Church is; see what she has beewsince corruption and avarice first resolved what was once pure Christianity into • Popery and superstition ; see what her avowed* principles are ; read her written decrees; watch the developement of these de- • vastating doctrines of the Evil One. Every, year as they point the head through the various countries of Europe, and then it may well be inferred what is to be expected,. but that when • Popery "comes in under a general toleration," she will now grow rampant "under a general persecution." But there is oheinstance given in this " No. 9," characteristic I doubt not of almost all the charges hunted out, heaped up against Pro testants in his past weekly lucubrations. One " Martyr" to the severe enactment which prohibited men of his principles from remaining in England under pain of death, became a victim to ~ his own temerity. To what think yon was this champion of ' treason a martyr? To the Gospel ? To even his own Church? No. He was "martyred" because he denied. the Queen's su premacy. So, out of the hundred, (I think this was the num ber,.l. quote from memory,) a traitor, a sower of sedition, a rebel fanatic, is the one unfortunately picked out as a monu ment of Protestant persecution and Popish i devotion ! Surely the writer has truly, if not warily, identified the heartless con federacy of Rome with treason and traitors: I, would now wish to say a few words as to a certain ambigu ous.use'he makes of the word " Catholic,",.—he speaks of the Catholic Religion, under which title I suppose, from- the whole tenor of his remarks, we must imagine the Romanist faith. Now, sir, it is mere child's play and empty bornhast s to attempt, lathe 19th century, to deceive English Churchmen with these • convenient epithets or cognomens, as they.very well know that their. own beloved branch of Christ's Church possesses the best and truest claim to orthodox Catholicity. Away then with the idle talk about " The Catholic Religion."' Shew me one thing - that the Roman Church holds in common with the Apostles - andthe Fathers of the Church up to the- fifth century, and I will show a hundred which it holds at variance with them. What is Catholic about her? Is worshipping the Host Catho lio? Is. the doctrine of indulgences Catholic? Is bowing down to images Catholic? Is that the Catholic faith, which . comprises twelve articles, or doctrines, thrust upon the faithful, which Paul never taught, nor the Church ever heard of, but, as heresies ' till centuries of its brightest - annals had fled Is that the Catholic Church. which cuts , off from salvation all that will not bow the knee to that visionary pagod of Rome, of whom Paul, Peter, John Cyprian, Jerome, Chrysostom never • heard, and whose wild and unnatural claims were never put forth but the latter condemned them,, scouted them, and de nounced them ? Catholicity indeed was lost in the darkness of Popish Idolatry. It was lost in superstition and worldliness for many centuries, until it again burst forth in so/ I T a u: ti lt of its effulgence in England, and Popery resto favoured did restore] to most_ primitive splendour andpurigietoseits, from the earth, till the osirownßeformation. and members of. the. Church.— Catholic I If the apos tles , Catlolic, then assuredly is the jewel still primitive Church diadem, and the Papists must be preserved in our . h e retics.. If that was the Catholicfaith in which those holy apostles and m artyrs lived and died, which surrounded them with a, halo of light in the first ages of the worstChh, and lighted their,Pat, ll ,,, t :'; heaven, then immaculate do ll preserve it, in tli communion with the Primitive Church ; and these Papists, N v ,". all their idle pretensions and boasted, infallibility, are nOtiunb but perverters, renegades, a n d apos t a t es . I spea k,tlii i in . Per fect charity, for I cannot relinquish charity when . I hold to the truth. Truth needs no apology, and therefore it shall have none. NIGEL. 19th June, 1847, ---•-.140--.--.• LAIWERTISEMENTI THE REGISTERED PALETOT . CASE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL,STANDVRA SIR,—In your report of the proceedings,before the , Vice- Chancellor of England on .Saturday, June 12th, you describe ourselves as receiving the protection of the Court in respect to an infringement of our patented right to an invention,. anti by an assumption of the title by which it has been publiclyknown. From the great popularity we have attained by, the sale of the subject of the injunction, a garment styled theßegistered Paletot, of Llama Cloth, it may be assumed t thepublie will be somewhat interested with. the precise fac of the case. It has already been described, that, w n first introducing our invention, we with much care select a name hitherto un known in this country.; as, tracing th ori,, ,, in of the word pa letot, it was shown that it was derived fora the Greek, adopted by the Roman, and. afterwards by the French linguists. " Cir cumjicitur corpori pallium habitue Griecoruin" ; by Bayley, thus, paletoque, or pallescote, a coat with sleeves. That we exercised due caution in selecting an, unusual name A has, by the result of'these rec t proceedings. in the Court of Chancery, been-fully proved. r such, unfortunately, is the state of competition of trade, r the envy of individuals engaged in it, that, should eminent patronage and success attend any member in particular, he .is immediately subjected to the like injury of which we have bad cause to complain. Now, had we , advertised our invention simply as a new overcoat, it is more than probable that, ere this, we should have been confounded, w ith - the many advertisers that since our appearance before the public have assumedla somewhat similar description to that. ; which from the first has been, employed by us. The defendant in Phis case, being perhaps more conspicuous. than the rest, was first selected to be an example, as we are now determined to enforce our rightful claim to the originality(as far as regards the - English language) of the title Registered Paletot of Lieu* Cloth; but yet being unwilling to proceed, against those who may have unguardedly used a similar title without first giving them notice. We would, therefore, respect-. fully beg permission, through the medium of your columns. . now to notify this our intention with regard to all present or future copyists; for it would appear, from the affidavits made by Messrs. llawbarn and Son, of Liverpool, Messrs. Waring and Son, of Birmingham, as, also, many of our other influential agents, that they have experienced equal inconvenience with ourselves through so many tradesmen in their neighbourhood assuming the same, or a similar unauthorized, title to that of the Registered Paletot of Llama Cloth. It may be judicious here to explain, that we believe that, had a continuance of these unfair proceedings been allowed, we should have been seriously injured should purchasers have been induced to believe that these piracies were articles of our manufacture, the moderate charge and excellence of which, has induced patronage, extend- , ing from the Royal families, both here and on the continent,. together with the principal members of the court and the pro fessions, as, alsb, general favour with the great middle classes of this country. • Being well aware of the interest taken by the press in discou raging all grievous annoyances that may affect industrious energy or deter persons with capital from developing any new manufacture. we unhesitatingly present this matter to the notice of your readers, some of whom may, perhaps, be on the point of introducing to the public some patented improve ment upon some other article of highly useful, yet ordinary, nature, that they may be thus forewarned to select some original or distinguishing title. Otherwise, so many merits as the invention may possess over anything else of its kind in existence, so many envious competitors will it excite to use every means in their power, be they fair or unfair, to share some portion of its fame, knowing well, at the same time, that their false imitations are similar only in name, and that they dare not actually infringe the patent or design. Trusting you will esteem these remarks worthy of insertion. we have the honour to be, your obedient servants. H. J. and D. NICOL, 114, Regeot-rfreet, qn4 22, Conahill, London. / . ve lat 2n4 sea for !,.at