The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1847-05-18 00:00:00

1,1847. bod he be- , the y mroadS of one in parlia tamely surren be called in on about hint ppose Poperf- MI, and of the; next election• matter to get y men who did ad tudischarge Leed in a situa ,ffinga of such tut he did not undertake the )ss there, and ted was other roicslly as he ntism of this anent (heat.) ; er parliament, inprain of it. vhich was car- ng resolution lounden duty of IS a solemn and xi and the good ent of the de- ye upon Protes- Dppose Popery, ❑ut uphold the and state." m. The time for action was ches to scorn; n done ? An' nothing wat protest that lat clipped its ig afterwards• tided to say hi taken place in trtful brothers this country ; nag nary eon osed to be the !,!. These the remarks, but low them out. irked, that in which was the .e ready to be mild adopt no us or indiffer pointed out. f Protestant d as, the great ridiculing the I liberality, hi Popery to the not sufficient against qedi at was Popery great object at by gradual T used eve/ iament. The to take a pro- its. who well nd to pioneer regarded a.? ri asked what mighty evil was forming ht be expect' re knew tiler! —not much but amon g (Cheers•)_ !al differences next election e the turninq is effect bad tet extent Ito innately. and OPZ the elec' s annl Protee 4ure had been Ls as follows! at at the neP fs• resit, the e' I claims. who will no; a this my 1 170 -_, r , of any Pg r v s riinz of til l id himself to resist Poperfa t do so ; sn • a Whig ivn" pis own pill ty that it if and, thou the s(lrin e ' duce in many last election like London , ) Then sup iri this ways 'ornament to ;I - autism. and feel that 7; of the Incl e seemed to a Provided a n .. i tl em an the': is to the da d in The T l OO seendanill Sir R. P e e d along ' '— Lotion )n, and W t ! themselves in June, the conq i ,bo adition • Ly, at its I 'lo ter was inkgr Roden , mine ; Sir >hirley, e t, Mr. tiP o° 'o,; raptor, PI l i t Montgon,l;- e Queen, .„/,, Lty to the to le club wag o f a condition, criptural e 1 :ual resists! j ns were visTo Christie, means ol jt o were 1301 0 ,, ties for G°L . ,;(l, election , ° bll could pro,ba f t) won to rei i nd progr e ,.'of ) enehes 0 1 p p of the Pe t !, s e o . ) f the 14 0 ,,," 3 tell tnerold, to vote. ‘', 1 1( 1 a laugh)1: 0 4 0 ) TheY P ,'„o l 'Mr. Wat'id ie countrlh, crown out i,Ol e of a P° ll,t -it ° north o °l' o' . Ana!b,efo!, y and Libero,ool and Liber!"ol, taspects :ripture r F asked w .. .,,P o ti' d • uhoun) of his Pfbe ► the ft" r e ; 1 1 10 church _llO oust do t" n Ire11 0 r 1; pei; y with ct, of rom 00- ke was 111 r e Al O letely c it , pl i efO )pose i by the,,, A c/ d this Lotivie fron3 Nay 18, 1847. •eausec total Orals. so alarir e 4P; i ia gturban in t°, mrpri s , dee, 110 n n 1 v , e ea •ge 6 . S „ e tOr 0 14re°, l oula t he a finds 0,10,4,1 --I 9 cev o t ?stion /CI) o k 1 1( times' t o .n 0 to '1"!„01'etlie to ,f/ 3 0 iP 1191 1 i 5 " " 11' a se' ,enly ft°o, Of 411 5 ; U!YAyP_regiv Lord Robert Grosirenor has contributed £5 to the Li verpool Early Closing Association. The Birkenhead dock bill has passed through the com mittee of the Commons. ....Last w ee k, a pr i soner in the Borough Gaol, named M`Gan, died of fever. He was much emaciated when taken to prison. The congregation of St. Matthew's Church, Key-street, ave presented their minister, the Rev. George Cuthbert, ith a han&rnes7uitof canonicals. The Sarah Sands steamer arrived in Liverpool on the riming of the 29th April, after a passage of 23 days, having encountered strong and constant head winds, with a deficiency in her supply of coats. There were two loads of Italian rye-grass in the North Haymarket, on Tuesday, grown on a farm at Widness, uelonging to Mr. Wm. Lockett, of this town. Three pence per stone was the price asked. The same sort was brought to market last year, on the 2nd of May. DEATH FROM STARVATION.—Last week, a man named Patrick Kellion, aged 40, died at Ormskirk, and the *oi-otter's jury found that his death was occasioned by want of food and exposure to the weather. DEATH FROM BURNING,—A child:Thomas Garraty, aged three and a half years, residing in Paul-street, was left in a room by itself on the 21st instant, and was soon fterwards found on fire. He died on Friday from the Injuries. DEATH FROM STARVATION.—On Friday morning, a woman was found by a police-officer lying ill of fever in the open street, in Rose-hill, with a dead child in her 411111 s. He had her immediately taken to the workhouse, where she still lies ill. It was found that the child died from actual starvation. THE SUICIDE OF CATHERINE PUGH.—OR Tuesday the coroner instituted further inquiries with reference to this case, and stated publicly his impression, as the result of those inquiries, that William Burroughs was altogether free from any blame in the matter. This testimony from the bench must be highly satisfactory to his parents, who are very respectable. DEATH OF AN INFANT FROM SUFFOCATION.-011 Saturday an inquisition was held on the body of Elijah Per round the child by the mother on retiring to rest, getting -ever the face, by which suffocation was caused. The infant. slept between its mother and another woman. NEW ,TEAM-SHIP.—TFIe British and North American Royal Mail Steam-ship Company's new steamer, the America, the first of the new royal mail steam ships for the New York line, was launched on Thursday, from the yard of Messrs. Robert Steele and Co., Greenock. She is unquestionably the finest steamer afloat. The Niagara and Europa will also be launched shortly. The Countess of Elgin, the lady of the Governor-Gene ral of Canada, will arrive here to-day, and will sail to morrow by the - steamer Hibernia, for Halifax, to reloin he-- ' ' - ' - -^ , ..annanied hither by the er husbana. one will be ace., Earl of Durham, Col. Grey, and other persons of distinc tion, and will remain during her stay at the Adelphi Hotel. LIVERPOOL POST-OFFICE ORDERS. — Tbe number of post-office orders granted at Liverpool for places in Ire land, during November, December, January, and Febru ary, 1845-6, was 6471, amounting in the aggregate to : £12,130. During toe corresponding months of 1846-7, it was 8367, amounting to £14,022. How far the amount sent over by the Irish beggars here to their friends, has increased this amount, we cannot of course say The trade of Liverpool has increased so rapidly within the last year, that, on a recent visit of the Chairman of site to have a second inspector-general, to supervise the large revenue department established here, and to meet the inerpßspd w.nrq of thc. trailo Mr P g .Tnhn an intelligent landing-surveyor of been selected for that purpose. P EVER.—On Saturday last, an inquest was held on the body of a child named Thomas Fon, four years old, who died in the ' Night Asylum on Friday morning, from diseae of the bowels. The father and mother, infant, and a re lative, were of fever, and we ourselves saw them l ying on.the floor of the coroner's office, in Lord-street, unable to move. A car had been sent for, to cotityey them to the fever sheds at the workhouse. NEW POTATOES.—On Saturday the first new potatoes of the season were sent to market from Wallasey ; one t to Liverpool, which brought 2s. per pound ; and ano of about twelve pounds to Manchester. Other small lots have also been sent during this week, and if the weather proves favourable, in another fortnight the supply will be tolerably abundant. The ground under early potatoes, notwithstanding the high price of seed, is fully broader than usual, and the crops look healthier, and w ithout any symptoms of disease hitherto ; but they are about a fortnight later than in some seasons. of EARLY MUSHROOMS.—As a proof of the rapid growth vegetation since the late genial showers and interme date warmish temperature, we have to state that, on Wednesday last, several mushrooms were gathered in a field in Wallasey, Cheshire, opposite to our new North Docks. one of which, grown to its natural extent, measured nearly three inches in diameter. It is rather unusual to , fi id mushroo ms a t s o ear ly a ti me o f th e season , an d in 'ielites a fine and prolifi c s eason , " b a ti ng " gru b s or disease amongst potatoes and other field crops. We regret to say that some fields of barley in the neighbour hood are destructively attacked by the wire-worm. LIVERPOOL GAS BILLS.—The rival gas companies are at last before the House of Commons Committee. On Friday Mr. Whately opened the case for the Liverpool 'Gas Company, and called Mr, George Millard, the chief clerk of the company, and Mr. King, the engineer. Seve ral witnesses were examined to prove the great increase of the town and outskirts. A long time was consumed in endeavoUring to arrange the order in which the opposition should be heard. At length it was settled that Mr. Ser geant Wrangham should yesterday (Monday) open for the Guardian Gas Company, and the examination of witnesses would most likely occupy the remainder of the day. Mr. Sergeant Wilkins will then be heard on behalf of the rate payers ,ondon, SUICIDE. — At Birkenhead, on Monday, an inquest was held on James Harding, who was found drowned in the new docks. •On Sunday morning last, as the police-officer on duty was going his accustomed round, he found a hat lying on the quay. Supposing that some one had jumped into the dock, grappling irons were quickly procured, and the dock dragged. After a quarter of an hour's labour the body of deceased was drawn out quite dead. In his hat a letter was found, addressed to his brother, who keeps a public-house in Limekiln-lane, in which he stated that his reason for resorting to self-destruction was on account of his poverty and afflictions. On his person Were found a razor and a few papers. The jury returned a verdict that deceased had destroyed himself whilst in a state of temporary insanity. STARVATION.-- On Wednesday an inquest was held be fore Mr. Curry, on the body of a female child between ten and fifteen months old, name unknown. From the evidence of Edwin Thos. Watkins, Esq., house-surgeon at the Work-house, it appeared that deceased was brought to the Work -house, on Saturday last, quite dead. There Was nothing externally to account for death. From apost tnortem examination made by this gentleman, it was his ° Pinion - that the cause of the death of the deceased child Was starvation. The coroner expressed a hope that some benefit might result to the poor from the public being made acquainted with the distressing state to which many Were reduced. He had no doubt but that dozens of poor people came fro m I re l an d t o avo id f ever, and rushed upon the most abject poverty to avoid its generally disastrous results. On Friday, an inquest was held on another child, which had di e d at t h e W ork-house, arising from a 'previous' insufficiency of food. THE STATE. OF THE TOWN.--THE FEVER SH ED is gratifying to no t e a s li g h t improvement in the generals— t health, consequent upon the measures adoptedbythi government relative to the conveyance of the Irish to this port. The arrivals have since been comparatively small, and the prevalent disease is rather on the decrease. Re medial measures are still, however, required, cases of death from want not being unfrequent. On Wednesday the number of poor who arrived was 1614; but on Thursday the number was only 600. The steamers have been exa mined on their arrival in the river by the medical officers appointed, but few cases of fever were found. On Friday morning, the St. Patrick from Drogheda was boarded, and three parties were found to be in fever. They were Put on board of one of the hulks opposite Rock Ferry, and the vessel was then allowed to dock. Should the v essel again bring fevered parties, she will have to ride quarantine for 15 days. One of the fever sheds in Mount pleasant has already been put into requisition. On Thursday evening, information was received that there Nevelrvein4go people in a deplorable condition at one of the re offices in St. Anne-street. Mr. Horsley, one of the select vestry, went to the spot and found 35 of them the with fever. He, at all hazards, ordered one of 'le new sheds to be got ready, and 30 of the worst cases Were at once sent there and attended to. The COLLECTION OF RATES IN TOXTETFI-PARK.— je Mercu r y, i n endeavouring to take part with the col lectors of the rates from the tenants of cottage property In the township of Toxteth Park, assumes that the tabular :tetnent furnished by them to that journal is true, k , ; 11 . 01 appears to be contrary to the fact, according to the "t l sh books. The tabular statement is , not in fact ac- Zrdant in the amounts collected. The Mercury states at th e rate laid in 1842 was £2,952 or forty-six per cent. i.,,ne gross assessment of the year, when the truth is that of '? was collected and accounted for by the overseers that year. Other statements relative to subsequent tears are given equally erroneously, so as to show ith regard to 1842, 1843, 1844, and 1845, there has bee n a misrepresentation of the figures for the pur bon_ _ o ____ . 0 "e of inducing the public to that the over ers bad faithfully done their duty. "The Mercury," ,„Ys a contemporary, " admits that the system for ex a"siog cottage property, under £lO per year, from the 3Thlent of rates is an evil, but seeks to apologize for the , f ° P,tion of the practice in Toxteth, bemuse the same sort j,. thing is done in Liverpool. A very pretty reason, t he h ^ adopting a method of doing business whereby • .„ 4is-aPoor ratepayer who occupies a house of tbe va__ t io _ B s. per year is robbed, by being compelled to pay „ re than he ought, in consequence of the neglect of the ; o v erseers to force persons rated under £lO to do the i ne; but at any rate there can be no Rossibleexcuse for ip --- vo4--ouraging occopit-,s %., .• SAW IIOVZ LI L " di P,aY their r a t es . We opine that they have not the oft i te cr st compunction in collecting the uttermost farthing rents." IMPORTANT FAMILY MEDlClNE.—Frampton's Pill of ~,,e a l„th effectually relieves the stomach and bowels by "IlLie relaxation, without griping or prostration of tit re ; n gth- They remove head-ache, sickness, dizziness, Pains in the chest, &c. ; are highly grateful to the sto linP, Promote digestion, create appetite, relieve languoy depression of are ; while, to those of a full habit '2(. 1 free livers, who are continually suffering from drowsi nsts; heaviness, and singing in the head and ears, they advantage s that will not fail to be appreciated. Sold 2 all vend ors o f medicines. Price Is. lid. per box. the name of " Thomas Prout, 229, Strand, London," —4l the government stamp. BIRKENHEAD CommissmNsus.—The annual election of seven commissioners, in place of that number who retire, will take place on the Ist of June. The retiring commissioners are Messrs. J. Laird, Berner, A. E. Little, D. Appleton, H. Wood, A. A. Dobbs, and W. Pike. We understand that the Ratepayers' Committee (as it is called) intend to bring out a list ; but who the candidates are we have not heard. It is said, however, that Messrs. J. Mallaby, E. Willoughby, R. Hughes and J. Hicklin, are amongst the number. • LIVERPOOL CORPORATION WATER BILL.—The parlia mentary committee have decided that the preamble of this bill is proved; but they have resolved that clauses must be introduced into the act, giving adequate compen sation to all parties whose interests would be affected by the measure. The Chairman then urged the various counsel to agree among themselves as to what clauses would be most suitable. The London correspondent of the Manchester Guardian, writing on this subject, says— " Few contests even from Liverpool (which is particularly notorious for eliciting parliamentary gladiatorship), have been more vigorous than this ; and few water works in the country will, if the bill is carried, be found so clogged with compensations in reduction of the aggregate supply ob tained. Bleachers, calico printers, and others, have op posed on the ground that they cannot carry on ieir trades with the water the corporation are willing to give for their use ; the corporation rejoin that they want to drive them to a compulsory purchase of their works ; they are willing to give protective dailies. As to the land, and mineral properties, the corporation say their interests are not of a special character, and that the Water Works Clause Act will secure them against loss. The committee hitherto have treated' all the cases of opposition as subjects for clauses, and they have frequently recommended peaceful arrangements to both parties ; but so far, although one or two have been satisfied, the greater part are decidedly, bel ligerent. The clauses will be very difficult of practical adjustment." LIVERPOOL POLICE INTELLIGENCE, ROBBERY OF A MILLINERY ESTABLISHMENT.—OR Saturday, a young woman, of respectable appearance, named Sarah Biglands, was charged with having entered lizabeth and Mary mgh, linen c and stolen thereout a great variety of articles. The loss altogether was about £l7. She was committed for trial. ANOTH ER HIGHWAY ROBBERY.--Daßiel Fairhurst was brought up, on Tuesday; charged by Robert Silcock with robbing him of US. 'The prOSecutor said he was knocked down by the prisoner and another man who had followed him in Falkland-street, and robbed of his money. He said the thieves had got his silver, but did not find his gold. They had taken his handkerchief, and tied it round his mouth, almost choking him. The prisoner was sent for trial. PORTABLE GAMING TABLES.—OR Thursday, three lads, who gave their names William Callagan, Luke Con- neli, and Stephen Ray, were brought before Mr. Rushton by Marks, 253, who stated that he saw them in Manches ter-street on the preceding night, in charge of a board, a box and dice, and other gambling apparatus. He at tempted to tai - Callagan, wh—esided d ea ..ice no pi,._ into custody, am, immediately the other two prisoners, aided by about a was entirely owing to the fact of assistance having come to hand, that he was enabled to apprehend the prisoners Callagan was committed to prisdn for three months for illegally gambling, and the other two for one month for attempting to rescue a prisoner MASTER AND APPRENTICE.—On Saturday Mr. Cromp ton, whitesmith and bell-hanger, was summoned to answer alleged that he was not being taught his trade: - Wiggins said, be had learned a portion of the business the first six know no more han he dic and his principal complaint was, that he was never put to work at the tire. Mr. Crompton observed, in reply, that the plaintiff had, on three different occasions, absented himself from his work; and that a whitesmith had to learn fitting, filing, and striking, before he was put to work at the tire. The complainant had been in every de partment of the work that an apprentice of his term ..)f servitude ought to be put to ; and if he continued in the employment and behaved himself, he would be perfected in due time. Mr. Rushton dismissed the complaint ; ordered the lad to return to his work; and said that, while the conduct of the master had been exemplary, that of the apprentice had been improper. NON-REMOVAL OF NIGHT SOIL.—On Friday, Messrs. Pickering and Co., the contractors for the removal of night soil, appeared by their clerk at the police-court, before Mr. Rushton, to answer informations charging them with having neglected to remove a number of pri vies after notice. These cases were distinctly proved ; and, in one case, which was postponed, it was stated that the lady and her daughter, who were the complainants,_ h a d •.. . n since been taxen in or rne typhus fever. Mr. Rushton said that there was abundant evidence before him that the town was in a dreadful state, and he had little doubt but that the noisome smell which had been generated by the neglect of the contractor had, to some extent, produced the fever of which the ladies who had been alluded to were ill. The contractors must settle the affair with the counci lenaants were tined zio ana costs, two cases were dismissed, and others were postponed. It was stated by Mr. Riley, who appeared for the contractors, that it is quite impossible to perform the contract, the contractors havingbeen completely deceived and astounded by the quantity of filth that has been allowed to accumu late in the middens of Liverpool. EMIGRANTS' CASE.—At the Police-court on. Tuesday, Mr. Thomas Frost, owner of the ship Lady Milton, was summoned at the instance of Lieut. Hodder, government emigration agent. Mr. Frost was defended by Mr. Har vey, solicitor, and the facts of the case were deposed to by Murtagh Brunti. He had paid £l4 12s. 6d. for the pas sage of himself, his wife, and four children to Quebec. The vessel sailed from Liverpool on the 22d April, with emigrants, for Canada, and in consequence of damages received in bad weather returned to this port, having been nine days at sea. She had since been refitted, and sailed, leaving the witness and about 143 of the other passengers, behind. He went out with the ship the second time. but some of the family being left behind to procure provisions. he returned in the steamer. He had engaged his paSsage in Belfast from Mr. Pinkerton, agent for Mr. Saul, pas senger agent, of Liverpool, and had paid £4 there, and the remainder when he came to Liverpool. He had asked the captain when the ship was to sail, and he told him he did not know, he must ask the shipwrights. Mr. Harvey called the attention of the magistrates to the position in which Mr. Frost stood in regard to the vessel. He had chartered her to Messrs. Byrnes and Co. so far as the passenger space was concerned, the vessel to be fitted up by the owner, and to carry as many passengers as the act of Parliament allowed, £5OO being the charge of Mr. Frost tc, Byrnes and Co. Byrnes and Co. had re-let their interest in the vessel to Mr. Saul, who was the real char terer of the party, and responsible for the passengers' loss. After a long discussion upon the subject, Mr. Rushton said- 7 " acquit Mr. Frost. The emi gran ts mus t go to Mr. Saul, who is bound to furnish then:, with board' and another ship." LOCAL MEETINGS, WEST DERBY GUARDIANS.—On Wednejday, amongst the number of applicants for relief was one of a somewhat novel character; it was that of the wife of a pilot, of the name of Joseph Price, who having been committed to Lancaster Castle for the non-payment of income tax, she and her five children had been totally deprived of their means of support, and it was therefore on these grounds that she was under the necessity of applying for relief. Inquiries having been made by the relieving officers as to her statements, it appeared that the family possessed no lodgings.furn t ur u e whatever,nderth these et circumstancesth at they i•esi t d h e e d b i n n ar f d ur a th ee e d d to allow h er fi ve s hi ll i ngs a week for a short period. 'Mr. Smith stated that he had made an inspection of the house lately occupied by Mr. Lowndes, at Mount Vernon, and he thought, from its contiguity to the present one, its capaciousness and che a p ness, and its airy situation, that it was the most eligible and a d vantageous how* for the purpose of a fever ward they could possibly have. The Rev. Mr. Badnall said he had a motion to make which would obviate the necessity of taking a house at all, as they were liable at any time to be turned out of it. His desirable ea t c h c a o t m a m su o i d ta a b ti l o e n building n i i t o i ns for th mrish." The report of the surgeon to the be motionere et w ed as b — ;;lTe ha union of the patients were in a fever hospital stated that m very favourable state, and thl it there was accommodation house that ti recommended by Mr rental of £5 SELECT VESTRN day, Rector Brooks pi Mr. Alderman Griffith, Mr. Counci Councillor Kaye, Mr. Rpbertson Glads land, Mr. Neill, surgeon, Mr. Cooper, cauley, and Mr. Bage, attended on beh tants of Abercromby ward, for the purpose of the views of the vestry relative to the occupation or not occupation of the sheds in Mount-pleasant with fever 11 tients, now that the government had placed the lazaretto on the river, as receptacles for persons labouring under that disease. The interview lasted a considerable time, and at the close of it a motion was submitted that the At the fortnightly meet on Tues- .sided. A deputation, cOnsisti Dr Proctor, me, Dr .eon, Mr. Ma If 'of the inhabi . the following resolution, drawn up by the chairman, with a view of doing something to meet the wishes of both par . - ties, was carried :—" That the sheds in the workhouse, and the lazarettoes in the river, be fitted up with all possible despatch, and that they be used for fever patients, special regard being had to the use of the lazarettoes for that purpose." The meaning, of this, he said was, that if all the patients could be put on the river they would be put on it, if not, the sheds would be used.—The Work house Committee reported that a young woman in the Lock Hospital, of the name, of Fanny Hullett, had, by the orders of one of the medwal men, uceu tutu) , rm.% aziu drinking rice, milk, two eggs, a pint of tea, two glasses of wine, and six glasses of brandy, at a cost to the parish of 18s. 3d., exclusive of medicines, and. in addition, she wanted to have porter and fish. (Loud laughter.) An other inmate ww ericatino• rho narish 13s. 4d., and she was allowed six glasses of wine. The committee recommended that the honorary medical superintendence of the house be dispensed with, that an official medical staff be at once ap pointed to the duties, and that stipendiaries only be em ployed.—Mr. Riding was sorry to say that the honorary medical board did not act in unison with the committee. Mr. Austin said he was for having responsible paid officers. The Chairman.—your mind is rondo in with reEard to tne propriety of doing away with the honorary medical board altogether, and having respectable paid officers ? Mr. Austin.—Certainly ; but at present I cannot suggest the permanent arrangement. The state of the house now requires the constant and prompt attention of the vestry. The board agreed to meet every Tuesday during the pre sent emergency_ Till LIVERPO4IL, STANDARD. LIVERPOOL AUXILIARY BIBLE SOCIETY , On Tuesday the annual meeting of the friends to this Auxiliary was held at the Lecture Hall of the Collegiate Institution. Amongst the gentlemen on the platform we noticed the Rev. C. Lawrence, Rev. G. Osborn, Rev. W. Withers Ewbank, Rev. H. Hampton, Rev. F. Parry, Rev. B. H. Marshall, Rev. H. Carpenter, Rev. J. C. Cordeaux, Rev. F. Ould, Mr. Alderman Crook, W. Crosfield, W. Maples, Esq., J. Cropper, Esq., A. C. Dunlop, Esq., J. Eden, Esq., R. Wright, Esq., &c. &c. The chair was taken by the Rev. Chancellor RAIKES, who briefly addressed the meeting, contending strongly that the various missionary societies of the day were more Indebted to the British and Foreign Society than many supposed. _ _ _ The Rev. Mr. DAVIS, the secretary, read the report. The committee commenced by stating that the receipts of the parent society for the past year had amounted to £117,440, being an increase of £16,000 over the receipts of the preceding year. The issues had been 1,419,283 volumes, making a total of issue of 19,741,770 volumes. The receipts of the Liverpool Auxiliary last year had been £3403 being an increase of £4OO over the previous year, and of £9OO over the year 1845. This Auxiliary had dis tributed last year 35,626 copies, being 3758 more than the previous year, making a total of 355,390 copies since the commencement. It was related as an instance worthy of being recorded and made known, that. Mr. John Tomkin son had presented 500 copies of the Bible to his workmen during the past year, considering that the Word of 1.40 d was the most appropriate as well as the best present he could make them ; and the committee expressed a hope that Mr. Tomkiuson's example would be generally imi tated by public companies. The committee concluded by mentioning in the report the severe losses they had sus tained during the past year by the deaths of the Rev. Dr. Tattershall and Mr. William Kaye. The Rev. FREDERICK PARRY moved the adoption of the report. The Rev. FIELDING OuLn proposed the second resolu tion. The Rev. ANDREW BRANDRAM, one of the secretaries of the Parent Society, seconded the resolution. He in formed the meeting that although the receipts of the Parent Society had amounted to £117,000 during the past year, yet that one donation of £7OOO had contributed to swell that amount. During the year a lady had sent to the society the following short note :—" A lady's donation to the Bible Society, £lOOO ;" and many similar tokens of remembrance of the society. by the Christian public might be mentioned. He rejoiced to say that last year 96,000 copies of the Scriptures had been circulated in Manches ter, and 3000 copies in Bristol. and that these immense issues in Manchester and Bristol had had a most beneficial effect on many towns in the kingdom. In Banbury, in Oxfordshire, the good work was progressing most favour ably, for within the last six. months, 3000 copies had gone forth from that depository. In Ireland, the Hibernian. Bible Society was carrying on the work of colporteurs admirably, for, during the past year,. by these means, 36,000 copies of the Scriptures had been circulated. The Sunday School Society for Ireland had recently applied to the Bible Society for 7000 Bibles and 20,000 Testaments to be circulated freely amongst the people ; and the Bible Society had had much pleasure in complying with the request. (Applause.) He then referred to the work going on abroad, and to the encyclical letter of the Pope, in which his Holiness had p.11‘..d th.l4;hi. I•iends names ; every difficulty, the circulation of the Word of rapidly progressing, and was likely still further to STATE OF THE TOWN ,-PUBLIC MEETING OF THE INHABITANTS Mayor, numerously and respectably signed, his worship convened a public meeting of the inhabitants of the borough, at the Sessions : house, for the_ purpose of taking into considera- a - from burdens likely to be entailed upon themby the influx of Irish paupers, and to guard against the spread of disease. The meeting was very numerous I y an d respectably attended. The MAYOR commenced the proceedings by. saying that the meeting had been held in compliance with the requi sition. He confessed that he felt some reluctance about convening the present meeting, because he had some doubts of its usefulness and feared that it would increase the alarm. But now he was glad he had called it. He knew the speakers would not exaggerate, but that they would speak the truth boldly and fairly in this trying emergency. Liverpool was always ready to support its own poor, but the inhabitants could not view without alarm the immense influx of Irish paupers, and they be lieved that the Irish poor should be supported by the Irish landlords. He confessed that any suggestion to send thousands of the paupers to London should receive no not, and would not, imitate the example of the Mayor of Wexford, but most willingly should the former join in urging the government to pass the measures now pending in Parliament. (Applause.) EDWARD RUSHTON, Esq. detailed a history of the measures adopted relative to the influx. In November last his attention was first called to the Irish in the streets and in the court ; and at that early period he foresaw that the Vagrant Act would be suspended. From that time to the present it was impossible to vindicate the law relative to vagrancy, for the gaol, which was only capable of ac commodating 450 persons, now contained more than 800. 196,380 persons had landed at Liverpool in an apparent state of destitntion, from Ireland, between the Ist No-, vember last and the - day of that meeting. From that number must be deducted the emigration to the United States and other places, 19-20ths of the emigrants being Irish, which left a balance of 137,000 paupers in Liverpool and the surro , nding country. Under the Sanatory Act 27,000 persons were driven out of the cellars, but now these cellars were tilled with persons in all stages of dis ease, some dead, and some dying. It was in these places the priests caught the contagion ; and here also it was that the relieving-officers caught the disease. He denied that any putrid smell was to be found at the sheds in Great Howard-street; and he regretted that in the discussion about the fever sheds, great and unnecessary alarm had been created. In January last the magistrates had met and petitioned the legislature on the subject of the influx, and said that at that early period the magistrates turned their attention to the removal of the paupers back to Ire land. The parish authorities, upon the whole, though a little tardy at first, had discharged their duty well, and entitled themselves to the confidence of the public ; and he thought it right to observe that, they had been unne cessarily assailed out of doors. He said that, even with the lazarettoes, accommodation was required for 1500 fever patients. He believed that if it were not for the charity of the poor to the poor the pressure never could be borne in Liverpool at all. The first object now was to pass the bills before parliament, and then to encourage the authorities in discharging their duty. He concluded by promising to aid the public in everything that was in his power. The P P' - - - • lution --tev -lector - ROOKS proposed the first reso, which, with all the others, will be found in our advertising columns. He had great pleasure in bearing his testimony to the noble conduct of the inhabitants of Liverpool in endeavouring to alleviate the calamity. He hoped the second bill was not in danger, for the one measure was dependent upon the other; and the people could not be sent back to their own country under the old law. The rector then denounced the plan of sending the paupers up to London, and characterised the plan as one of injustice. Mr. R. HARBORD seconded the resolution, which was unanimously carried. My. Jonil TAYLOR proposed the second resolution. He said that for some years back the affairs of Ireland were brought before the nation, and that many Irish measures had been passed. Charity for Ireland had been collected in Europe, Asia, and America. He blamed the Irish landlords for their heartlessness, and for now en deavouring to thwart the measures before the House of Lordo. Liverpool had behaved nobly throughout the present calamity, although likely to have half a million of the Irish people cast in among them. Manchester had not doile its duty in the matter, for it ought to have joined with Liverpool in putting an end to the present injustice ; and indeed he thought all the large towns in England ought to aid Liverpool in the present emergency. Mr. FERGUSON, churchwarden, seconded the resolution , which was also passed unanimously. Mr. JOHN SMITH proposed the third resolution. lie thought the pecuniary part of the question ought not to overlooked, and hence the necessity for some resolution as the present. There was -a gentleman present who, within the last few weeks, had paid the sum of £2,000 in poor-rates. Mr. JEFFERY seconded the resolution. He gave some statistical details to prove the cost which the influx had caused to Liverpool. That cost had amounted to £22,600 since January last. With reference to the sending of paupers from Liverpool to London—a project which he had originated—be said that lie deprecated anything of the kind now. He was rejoiced that Sir George Grey had granted the lazarettoes; but he remarked upon the strange ness of the fact that it was only the other day that Sir George Grey knew that there were lazarettoes on the He went on to contend that the calamity was a national one and ought to be provided against by the nation., He thought that additional lazarettoes ought to be fitted up and sent here by the government, and that the sheds would be altogether abandoned. . _ £22.60JJ, was an excess over. the cost of last year. He said the Vestry had that day passed a resolution to the effect that the Akbar was a very fit vessel for the reception of fever patients, and other lazarettoes would be applied - . for. But the meeting must recollect that these vessels could not be fitted up in less time than a month. Mr. WILLIAM BENNETT proposed the next resolution. Mr. HENRY DANSON seconded the resolution. He ex plained how it. was that the project had been mooted of sending the paupers up to London, and he said that that project was only taken up as a dernier resort in order to convince the government and the Irish landlords of the -to- S +0 NO' 1 1' at, _ tot —.verpoo, ;tad been reduced by the influx. And he believed the threat to send them up had an immense effect with the government, for intmo diately after the threat had been uttered Sir George Grey felt it necessary to act and aid the town—(applause.) Mr. WILLIAM RATHIIOIqE moved thn minntinn memorial to both houses of the legislature, which memo rial was a mere echo of the resolutions. He had been for the last four weeks in Ireland witnessing th e horrors. He had seen them dying in the streets and hedges. One superintendent, who had 16,000 people under him, had told him that there were only two cases of violence perpe trated by the whole body for years. He admitted that some of the Irish landlords_were honourabt , but' as 9 mass they were bad and could n-' Mack be painted I nah enough even by the Times. In his hotel in Cork he bad heard the groans of the dying in the dead of the night; and unless something was done thousands upon thousands would die—(applause.) Upen the motion of Mr. HARBORD, a vote of thanks was passed to the Chairman, and the meeting separated, DOCK COMMITTEE The CHAIRMAN, Mr. Bramley-Moore, stated that the landing stage could not be brought out within a fortnight, in consequence of some foundry work not being ready.— A new boat, for surveying purposes, was ordered to be built, to replace the old one.—Nathaniel Reddington was appointed wharfinger at Albert Dock, at a salary of -Xl2O per annum.—The buoy at the entrance of the King's Dock Basin was ordered to be left in its present position, as a warping buoy for vessels entering the basin.—A letter was read from the Mayor, inclosing a copy of the order from the Lords of the Council, as to the quarantine regu lations. The Mayor also requested that directions should be given to the dock masters not to admit any of the Irish steamers into the docks, until the yellow flag was taken down, or until the medical officers had certified there was no fever among the passengers. The Chairman said these orders had immediately been given. On the motion of Mr. HORSFALL, it was resolved una nimously, that the solicitor should be instructed to pre pare a by-law, compelling all master porters to conform to the book of rates published by a committee of the Town Council. • REDUCTION IN THE DOCK DUES The CHAIRMAN, in. moving for the appointment of a sub-committee to report on the expediency of reducing the dock duties on cotton wool, and a modification of other rates levied by the Dock Committee; entered into a financial exposition of the estate generally, remarking that they were ail awdous to make Liverpool one of the cheapest ports in the kingdom. On the 24th of June last, the nett surplus, after deducting everything, was £98,760 Bs. 9d., and he ought to state that the repairs in that year were unusually large—larger than ever they had been before, consequently that surplus, under other circumstances, would have con siderably increased.—Mr. HORSFALL : Is that deducting interest ?—The CHAIRMAN : Deducting everything. It is the nett clear surplus.—Mr. RANKIN : Does that include the interest on the new works ?—The CHAIRMAN : No, that never was done in any yearly account.—Mr. RANKIN thought the rates ought to be made to bear the interest of the money expended on new works, to a great extent. — The CHAIRMAN said the statement had been drawn up by the treasurer, Mr. Withers, and its accuracy was fully guaranteed, and it was what had been printed and 1 before the two Houses of Parliament. Then they were aware by the banking book, and by the returns of the year up to that day, as compared with the corresponding period of last year, that there was a further increase of £25,750. In arriving at this increase up to that day, as compared with . the same periodeof last year, he ought to remind them that in the last year there was a reduction in foreign tonnage of 9d. a ton on all long dis tances, and although that would only have made a differ ence-of £l,OOO, still it showed the great prosperity of the estate. - The reason why he laid particular stress on the article of cotton wool was because he believed that if they made a general reduction on a multiplicity of articles com prised in the book of rates, they would, in point of fact, give no relief to trade compared to what they would do by directing their attention to the leading article of cotton. Cotton employed a large number of the population of Lancashire, and a large interest in this tow n , an d if th e y removed the dock dues they would enable parties shippir , cotton to lay it down in Li ver p oo l at a b out t h e same ra te that it was laid down in the manufactories of the northern States of America. This would confer a benefit on the dock estate, a benefit in the increase of vessels, and a benefit on the manufacturers of this country—more espe cially on the labouring classes, as it would enable the manufacturers to aaar~••uavaa vy akaa 111, 11C0 fabric, in which article_ they were to a great extent e eluded in foreign markets: Another''reason why - 1;e laid particular stress on cotton was, that it was the only article that paid a considerable amount of outward dues, and therefore it had a claim on them in that re spect. With regard to the shipping interest, he must be permitted to say one word. They would find, on com parison, that ships could come in and out of Liverpool as cheap, or cheaper, than any other port o f any conse quence in the kingdom, with the exception of Gloucester and Glasgow. With these two exceptions, shipping came to the port of Liverpool under more advantageous circum stances than, to any other port : He concluded by moving the appointment of the committee, to be composed of the members of the Finance committee : Messrs. Molvneux, Rankin, Houghton, and Horsfall ; and in addition, Messrs. Mann, Gladstone, and'Chilton. He should have named Mr. Nicol, who was the deputy chairman, but he was absent, and lie did not know how long he might he absent.—Mr. MOLYNEUX seconded the motion.—Mr. LocxErr said they would not find the docks here cheaper than the London docks.—The CHAIRMAN said that re quired explanation. The docks in London were private property, and they took the shipping in them almost for nothing, but they mulcted the cargoes. Could they take a ship into the port of London and brin g h er ou t, a t as cheap a rate as they could in Liverpool ?—Mr. Raw don,'Mr. Tobin, and Mr Henderson seemed to think that too much stress had been laid on the article of cotton.— Mr. MANN entered into some statistics for the pur pose of showing that as far as the reductions in the dock rates of late years bad extended, shipowners had been more favoured than the importers of goods.—Mr. SANDBACH did not think this a good time to consider the reduction of rates at all. They had a very large bond debt, which they were increasing every day, and which would be soon five or six millions.—The CHAIRMAN: No. Their bond debt now might be said to be £3,000,000, and they had only power to borrow one and a half millions more. That was the maximum.—Mr. Woon hoped this measure was not brought about in consequence of the Bir kenhead docks. The CHAIRMAN: You are bound by your acts to make a reduction.—Mr. WOOD : The town says it is so.—The CHAIRMAN: You cannot help what the town - says. They put motives on you, but you must deal with this simply on the question whether it will be nefit.the Dock Estate or not, and as if there were no other docks in existence at all.—Mr. WoOD wished the word cotton to be put out.—The CHAIRMAN consented to alter the motion as follows :--" That a sub-committee be appointed to take into consideration and report on the ex pediency of a reduction in the dock dues now levied by the Dock Trustees."—This alteration met with the approval of the committee, and the amended resolution was then passed unanimously. Btstrirt Prius. A factory operative at Heywood has confessed to having robbed the box of the Oddfellows of £133, 21 years ago. The collections at Christ Church, Salford, alter two ser mons by the Rev. H. Stowell on Sunday week, amounted to £260. TARLETON.—A day school for boys and girls is now in course of erection at the Holmes, in the parish of Tarle ton, to accommodate 170 children; and it is intended to have it licensed for divine service on Sundays. A labourer at Blackpool was killed on Wednesday by. lightning. When found, part of his clothes had the ap pearance of being burned, and part of an umbrella stick was laid across his breast. The umbrella was shivered to pieces. SHORT TIME.—From a table in the Manchester Ea— aininer, it appears that there were, on the Bth of May, 80,911 persons at full work in the Lancashire Cotton Mills ; 83,850 employed on short time, and 21,625 totally unemployed. Since that day there are 4,000 persons less at full work, and 4,000 more unemployed. WALKING INTO A TRAP.—OH Sunday night, a woman named Elizabeth Heap succeeded in stealing a mantle and handkerchief from one of the shops of Mr. Norman, pawn broker, Blackburn. She took them to another of Mr. Norman's shops, with the tickets and private marks on them. She was immediately given in charge. DESTRUCTIVE FIRE.—On the night of yesterday week, an alarming fire broke out on the premises of Mr. John Riddlesworth, Queen-street, Wigan, within a few yards of the railway station, which, in the course of an hour, de stroyed nearly the whole of the machinery and buildings used as a bobbin-turning manufactory. The total damage is estimated at £7OO or £BOO. DREADFUL ACCIDENT FROM FIRE ARMS. -- On Friday last, Dr. Elletson, of Fleetwood, was shooting rooks in the preserves at Parrox Hall, near that town, when one of them which he had shot fell in a tree out of his reach. A boy ascended the tree to get it, and the doctor attempted to push the lad higher with the butt end of the loaded gun, when it went off, and the contents were lodged in his breast. The doctor lingered until the following day; when he died. THE CROPS NEAR CHESTER.—During the last few days, we have had an abundant fall of rain, and a most delightful and acceptable change of .temperature. The cold has at length left us, and all vegetation is bursting into life. The wheat, though greatly thinned by the recent frost, is till ing up surprisingly, and the spring corn has quite regained its colour. If the present temperature should continue, Nye shall soon have an abundance of grass, and, in good time, a large crop of hay. The country is beginning to look perfectly beautiful, from the profusion of bloom on the fruit trees, and the bright green of the woods and hedges.—Chester Chronicle. FLOOD IN MANCHESTER.—EarIy on Sunday week, that heap of wretched dwellings, in a low, damp valley, almost encircled by the black stream of the Medlock, known as " Little Ireland," was the scene of a somewhat sudden inundation ; the heavy rains of Saturday night causing the river, which is crossed by flood-gates near Messrs. Birley and Co.'s mills, to overflow and fill this little valley to the height of from four to five feet above the level of the ground. All the houses were flooded to the dep h of seve ral feet. The chief injury has been sustained by Messrs. Birley and Co. The water rushed up the engine well into the engine house of the mill, and thence flowed into two rooms on the basement story (one containing 10,000 spindles, and the other 84 looms), to the height of between five and six feet. _ _ DISPOSITION TO RIOTING IN MANCHESTER, AMONGST THE UNEMPLOYED.—VII Wednesday afternoon, a meet ing of the unemployed its various trades was held on a va cant piece of land in Rochdale-road, Manchester. At one time there were present nearly 2000 p ersons. T he real object - of assembling seems to have been unknown, nothing having been mature d ; but i t appeared that it was, the intention of the principal actors to break into the mill of English, Woolley, and Co., spinners, and compel the workpeople, employed to turn out. The prin c ip a l an d foolish argument used was , that if all were not employ e d, none should be. Many ( to their credit) reti re d on t hi s intimation, and the others were deterred from violent pro ceedings by the unexpected appearance within the pre mises of a body of police-officers. There did not appear to be any arranged scheme of operations amongst the dis turbers, who, however, agreed that a general meeting of the trade should be held on an early day,—probably, it is rumoured, on this day (Tuesday). The borough inagis tracy met on Saturday to devise means to afford such re lief to the unemployed as the urgency of the case seems to demand. SANITARY CONDITION OF MA NC RESTER—lnquiries have been made into the state of 150 common lodging houses within the borough of Manchester, chiefly occupied by Irish; and they were found to contain upwards 1,800 in mates, or an average of 13 to each house; the walls and floors very dirty, the rooms generally small and badly ventilated, the bedding and the clothing (if such rags deserve the name) in an extremely filthy state ; and, as might be expected, in several instances cases of fever and other infectious diseases existing in the midst of these densely -crowded and filthy dens. Besides these lodging houses, there is another description of dwellings which have not been overlooked,—cottages, in which some one or more portions are sub-let by the occupants to other families. OE these, upwards of a thousand have been visited, and found to contain more than 6,500 inmates ; and of these cottages more than three per cent were found to contain sick inmates, in many cases supposed to be suf feringfrom fever. Seven-tenths of these cottages were in such a filthy state, as to need whitewashing and other wise cleansing ; as may well be supposed, when it is by no means unusual to find a room ten or twelve feet square, tenanted by 12 or 14 persons. The evil effects on the health of the inmates are still further heightened by the want, in many places, of paving, draining, and ventila tion. And all this still exists, notwithstanding4he opera tions of the.building and sanitary regulations committee of the council, through which nearly 1,8011 premises (having.nearly 9,000 inmates) have had alterations made in them to improve their sanitary condition ; upwards of 550 additional conveniences have been built, and nearly 200 ash-pits constructed. We have heard of one house in which there are about 40 Irish paupers ; seven of them sick, and a child lying on a table, having died of measles. In the whole house there were only three filthy-beds, and the little furniture most wretched in kind and dirty in condition. In another house, thirteen beds werefountlin three rooms ; one room, nine feet square, had fourteen oc cupants ;: and into this house from thirty to forty ledgers were - received at night. It need not be matter for sur prise, then, that the visitors should find two persons sick there, or that two others had just been removed thence to the fever ward. To this house there was neither con venience nor ash-pit. In a cellar containing only one bed; were found two families, in all eleven individnals ; one man, his wife, and five children having to lie on the cellar floor, without any covering but a few filthy rags. Here, too, as might be expected. two sick persons were found. In another cellar, a woman and four children were found, all sick, and in a state of extreme destitution ; the husband - had been removed to the fever ward. INCREASE OF PAUPERISM IN WARRINGTON.—It ap pears from the quarterly abstracts of accounts just pub lished by the Guardians of the Poor, of the Warrington Union, for the quarter ending the 25th day of March last, that there has been In-door poor relieved 377-, and Out door poor 4680—making together 5057 persons relieved, at &cost of £2697 93. 2d. ; being an increase in the num ber of paupers—ln-door 215, and Out-door 2284, to gether 2490 relieved at an excess in amount of cost of £1404.125. 10d.. as compared with the corresponding quar ter of last year. Of this number there has been rel - eved in the township of Warrington alone—ln-door 210, and Out-door 1920—together 21.30_ At fin A.l,lit' I trt f a ~,,, .• V,. ‘.ll £lOlO 3s. id., or at a rate of more then £4OOO a-year. The amount of county rate for the quarter has been £934 17s. Od., being an increase over that of same quarter in last year of £431 14s. 2d. The grand total of expen diture, inclusive of county rate, vaccination fees, and esta'jlishment charges, is £3674 10s. Bd., and shews an increase in amount of £1352 19s. 6d. over last year, as compared with same period. It further appears that 'the average cost of the In-door poor (in the two Union Poor houses) has been 3s. Oid. per head per week for provisions and clothing alone. The account, however, exhibits a decrease in the amount expended by several townships in the rural districts of the Union, and which i to be the effect of by whic New Removal Ac' the whole of their non-re Who have resided in any township five years, have been cast on the manufacturing townships the passing of the act upwards of 100 permanent pauper cases belonging to townships in the rural district of the Warrington Union were transferred over to the township of Warrington, as a legacy ; they. having resided there five years, according to the opinion of the Solicitor- General ; and the cost of their relief is estimated at £450 a-year and upwards. It is found that the change in the Law of Removal alone, has entailed an additional charge on the township of Warrington £l4OO a-year. The great increase in the number of Irish mendicants which daily infest the Overseer's and vagrant offices, has rendered it necessary that more extensive premises be provided for their accommodation, which are now being fitted up under the directions of the Guardians ; and the present House of Recovery for fever easesis found insufficient for the reception of the numerous patients which re4uil.eretnoN'al. The number of Irish 'who had located in the town : the hundreds of inhabitants thrown out of employment by the stoppage of the cotton mills, and the Very 'high' price of provisions, afford but gloomy prospects of a better state in the parochial affairs for some time to come. inmediately after CORRESPONDENCE. THE APPROACHINu . ELECTION TO THE EDITOR OFTIIE LIVERPOOL STANDARD Six,—The signs of a dissolution of the present parliament are too palpable to be misapprehended. A new electio IS hand, and we shall he very shortly called on to prove to the minister that is, or is to be, the complexion of our politics and the character of our principles, by . the selection of a represen tative fur this the second borough in the empire. What steps may have been taken to secure a fitting candi date, I know not. From the quietude that now reigns, it to be feared we are relying on the same broken reed that has vio lated the implied commercial and religious compact which, without incurring the surrender of that liberty of thought and freedom of action legitimately appertaining to the representa tive character, may he assumed to have been voluntari.y en tered into by the senior member of our borough when he under took the task of representing, as well our religious as our poli tical and commercial principles, in the COmmons' House of Parliament. 7 hat my Lord Sandon has been indefatigably industrious, will not fie denied; that he has been equally at tentive, impartial, and courteous to the personal appiicationi of his constituents, irrespective of party, will be admitted that he possesses a fair modicum of mercantile knosCedge will be conceded ; that he has a competent grasp of mind t( grapple with the details of a vexed and complex commercia question, may perhaps be generally undisputed; and that hi maintains a comparab!e and adequate position in the house, ii undeniable. All these ure advantages essential to our jute• rests, and their possession may be at once, currente axiom°, conceded to the heir of the house of flarrowby. And yet, not withstanding all this, we may be improperly represented in the great council of the nation—nay, we may be misrepresented, in fact betrayer!, Oespite of all these attributes. When iltalpriticiples are put to issue, and we see those we have placed in power pitted against us; when our antagonists can approve and applaud the conduct of our advocate, it is quite clear there has been a dereliction of duty, a swerving from the compact made with those who entrusted their jute. rests to the fidelity of his advocacy. Principles are eternal, and cannot with verity or consistency be put off and on like E garment. "He that is not for us is against us" : this is ar axiomatic declaration of the highest authority, made by Hut who was truth itself; and if Lord Sandon's conduct, in speak , ing against and yet voting for the abolition of the corn-laws and his countenance and support of Watson's Popish this, I say, be satisfactory to the loyal and reli us portion of „ the Liverpool constituency, why, all that remains to be done is, to write ” Ichabod " over the portals of the returning offi cer's official mansion, and quietly surrender the choice of a future representative into the hands of those who will, as they always have done, set an example worthy of all imitation, in choosing one who, submitting to no compromise, will carry out their own views at all hazards and at every sacrifice. What confidence can be . placed in any man who can argue one way and vote another--in one who can bind himself with slavish obedience to a leader who has so repeatedly betrayed his sup- A more critical time thati the preient, Mr. Editor, never dawned on the constituencies of the kingdom. The next par liament is either for weal or woe—for the maintenance or the destruction of the balance of the constitution in church and state. We are on the eve of great and important experiments. Principles have been sacrificed, and large inroads made on fundamentals: The wedge is inserted—the Jesuits are at work —the Church must be destroyed, and Popery become domi nant. The Navigation Laws must follow the sacrifice of the other sources of our commercial greatness : Hume has de clared, and Peel decreed it. All must now go by the board— delenda est Carthago. And what is to stay this flood of de struction? The constituency of Liverpool alone cannot do it; but the electors of the United Kingdom at large may. Let Liverpool, then, do its duty. Let it test the candidate, who ever he shall 'be, by the Peel standard. lam now assuming that we have done with Lord Sandon, of whom I shall say nothing further. I consider him politically defunct ; therefore de mortuis nil nisi bonum. He must be succeeded by another that must be called on to declare himself on certain questions : he must be bound : on these both the representative and: 1 , represented must be agreed : that agreement once understood, must be kept with alrtidelity. Ibis is no sacrifice of liberty, neither is it dere'ict of independence. '!'here are tried men now in the House, who would feel flattered by an invitation. if the House of Commons can be supplied with a majority of such men as Finch, Inglis, Plumptre, and Ferraud, there is yet salvatioa for both church and state—yet protection against that tendency to throw us into the crushing arms of Popery; but if we are to take on trust, without any binding obligation, any candidate, 1 care not whether gentle or noble, on his -own simple declaration of general agreement with us on ordinary questions, we shall be open to the same shameless turpitude that characterises the Peel members of the present parliament. It is late to go into the field, but not too late if we set about it in earnest. Let a meeting be promptly called to select a candidate for nomination; to dr.tw up a declaration for his subscription to; and let that declaration embrace the fewest possible requirements—three probably would be suffi cient, namely—Protection to our Home Trade; Protection to our Shipping Interest, by refusing all interference with the Navigation Eawa on which that interest is based; and, I'rotec tion to the Prottstant Church of England as by law established, to the total exclusion of alt further concessions to, or endow ment of, Popery. These are three essentials the observance o f . . which ought to be insisted on, w ithout alowin alternative of opinion : nor can such obligation left for the:exerCiseof free and unfettered ftiaL,,in"e7t. from interfering with, such obligation would ly protec the liberty of our representative from the temptation of to, " government influence," which creates a new and pestiferou atmosphere in the. House of Commons, that robs so many members, of whom better things might be expected, of that moral independence and free agency which they, as candidates on the hustings, have conscientiously considered as impregna ble, but which, as members, give way and fall before the im portunity of the minister. I know not, Mr. Editor, how far your own individual feelings may turn in favour of Lord Sandon s re-election for Liverpool; but even supposing them to run in his behalf, I have that con fidence in your impartiality and patriotism as to indulge the hope of this letter finding insertion in your greatly-esteemed and widely-circuiated STANDARD. I have the honour to be. sir. your obliged servant. UNION OF THE ATLANTIC & PACIFIC OCEANS. We have more than once, in the STANDARD, suggested this union for commercial facilities between the western coast of South America and Europe, as well as the United States. We may now state that the object in view is at length, in all probability, about to be accomplished. ,It appears by the accounts r ec ei v ed by the Cambria, that the Vice-President of the United States has determined that, in any treaty of peace with Mexico, a right of way is to be secured across the isthmus of Tehuantepec (Darien), to connect the Gulf of Mexico with the Pacific by a ship canal of 135 miles in length, in order to abridge the tedious and long voyage round Cape Horn. Five great routes for crossing have from time to time attracted attention, but, through want of enterprise and skill, no thing has yet been undertaken. Mr. Dallas, the Vice- President alluded to, states that all would prefer a ship canal to a c commodate vessels of every size, and that the cost is variously estimated at from fifteen to twenty-five millions of dollars. A smaller canal would also have its advantages. He adds, th a t a f ter t h e war t h e S tates ' treasury will be in a condition to appropriate a considera ble sum towards the proje c t, an d th a t hi s government d o not desire to monopolise the uses of the canal, but to throw it open, on liberal terms, to other nations--t hat , in fact, he would give it " the unchangeable character of a public highway of nations." The press of the United States are loud in their laudation of the scheme. The New York Herald says ; " In the immense value of the enterprise lies the hazard of the achievement. We must accomplish it speedily, or the right of way may be lost. England and France, by the next steamer will be apprised of the tremendous commercial advantages de pending upon this enterprise, and the return steamer may bring us an opposition bid or two, which, unless the bargain be clenched i❑ the interim, may endangerthe success of the scheme. * * * The ship canal across the isthmus of Tehauntepec, making it a straight western voyage almost from Havana to the south of China, will throw at once into our hands the commerce of Asia anti Australia, a commerce of 500,000,000 of people, and a new market to nearly that extent for our produce and manufactures. It will vastly contribute to the colonization of New Holland, New Zealand, and the Indian islands. Like the application of steam to navigation, the re sults of such an acco.nplishment may be foreseen but cannot be estimated. " One thing is novrcertain. The United States must secure this passage, or Great Britain, or France, or both combined, will secure it and appropriate it. The tolls of this continental intersection must either be theirs or ours." Jonathan appears to be wide-awake to the advantages of the enterprise, while we have been lying on our oars. What the British government ought to have done long ago, was to obtain a sufficient strip of land across the isthmus for a canal or railway, or both, (but especially the former, to save tranship ment o f goods,) by purchase, not by aggressive conquest ; and it is now perfectly clear, that if we do not bestir ourselves in the matter, Joint -than, notwithstanding his modest and " liberal " proposition to admit the passage of all vessels on payment of a toll, will monopolise the whole, and impose such amount of toll as he thinks fit. Our possessions on either continent of America are comparatively trifling—in fact, within the tropics, mere specks. The United St a t es are creep i ng over immense countries to the south of their own legiti mate territory, having already, turning from " repudia tion" to " appropriation", taken unto themselves Cali fornia, and put themselves in a fair way of possessing or coercing the whole of Mexico. If they obtain undivided possession of a canal across the isthmus, " the balance of power", if we may so term it, will decidedly be against Europe, and especially against England. Vessels round ing Cape Horn, with many additional months of wear and tear, can never cope with those passing through by the proposed canal: and we deem it imperative, as a wholesome check and a decided national advantage, that , our government should instantly despatch an expedition to Darien, with powers to negociate with the local autho rities for the purchase of the requisite land for a large canal, survey the several suitable sites, &c. We feel that confidence in British integrity that we are certain wa could afford to be quite as liberal as the United States to other nations in the matter of toll. Our own West India colonies are, moreover, at stake. THE SEASON AND THE CROPS The improvement in the weather continues, and from the great abundance of rain which has fallen during the last week, the spring corn is placed out of danger from the drought, by which it was so much impaired last year. A continuance of such weather as the present will ensure us good crops of barley and oats, in this (wintry ; and if on the Continent it should be of the same kind, the rye crop, which is the great support of the pebple, can scarcely fail to turn out well this season. With all spring corn a good start is more than h a lf t h e race, as they grow d rapidly, and are comparatively safe if they can once cover thy the ground with a tolerably thick herbage. )oor A very full report of the appearance and extent of the crops, in about 150 different parts of the country, pub lished in the Gardeners' Chronicle, contains a satisfac tory account of the appearance of the wheat, oats, and barley, and of the quantity of each of those kinds of grain which has been sown this year. In Lancashire the wheat is exceedingly thin, but Lancashire farming is, at the best, indifferent. The oat crops, on the other hand, look very well in this neighbourhood. It is too early to say any thing about the root crops; but the weather could not possibly be more favourable, either for turnips or pota toes, than it is at present. The pastures and meadows are improving wonderfully. A correspondent of the Times, 'who has just travelled through the northern and midland counties, says—" I commenced my journey with rather a foreboding of evil, fearing that the cold and damp weather which we experi enced about a fortnight ago, and previously, might have injured the wheat plant; but I have been delighted to find that such has not been the case, and am happy to say that upon the whole the promise of an abundant, if not an early, harvest is most gratifying. On some lands, which are undrained, and in the wheat fields which were last year clover, the plant certainly looks rather thin, but the very warm and genial weather which we have experi enced for the last three or four days has given it a luxu riant appearance, and the tillering-out or extension of the plant is taking place most satisfactorily. The oats and barley are well up, and perhaps in no previous year has the promise of abundance been greater or more en couraging." WORKING OF OUR PRESr.NT 1 RISON REGU LATIONS. The defective operation of imprisonment as a punish ment for crime has, for some years past, attracted the at tention of statesmen and humane men. Yet hitherto, although much has been attempted, little progress has been made in the work of improvement. Our prisons still act as the nurseries of crime. The hardened offender comes out of them at the expiration still more hardened ; the offender for the first time leaves them in general a confirmed criminal, with an increased knowledge of the art of securing impunity for his crime. In almost every instance, deterioration takes place;. and' the prospects of thoSe Whose characters we have endeavoured. to reform, are blighted beyond redemption. We have before us a pamphlet by Air. Joseph Adshead, of Manchester, entitled " Our present Gaol System deeply depraving to the Prisoner, and a positive Evil to the Community, with some remedies Proposed," which ap pears to us to contain some statistics and views upon the whole subject, which are worthy of serious consideration. The pamphlet in question has been printed for private circulation, and copies furnished to the members of both Houses of Parliament. The subject, however, is so vi tally interesting, and the great pains bestowed upon it by Mr. Adshead so evident that we should not be doing our duty by not lending the influence of the press for the pur pose of circulating his views amongst the public at large. We shall therefore proceed to give their substance, with n extract or two The writer traces the increase of crime and the ineffi ciency of imprisonment as a punishment, to the absence and indeed the impossibility, of proper classification of offenders in our bridewells and prisons. The uninitiated in the practice of crime is in the former, when apprehended for a first offence, thrown into contact with the confirmed. offender; and even after committal, and before any of fence is proved against him, and when the law presumes him to be innocent, he is submitted to the same sort of contact in the day-rooms and yards of our prisons, and his character in almost every instance seriously deteriorated. Connexions and acquaintanceships of the worst descrip tion are here found. A knowledge of the modes in which goods stolen are disposed of, and of the various instru ments, resorts, and practices of the thief or the burglar, when beyond the walls of the prison is here acqu;red. In many instances robberies are planned here, to be executed when oncetnore restored to the world ; and appointments made by which the parties were to meet each other when their various periods of confinement were expired. Mr. Adshead gives a number of cases which he has derived from his own enquiries, of the corrupting effect produced upon juvenile offenders, even where some sort of classification is attended to. The following two are all for which we shall have space. "W. T , aged 13. I have been in 17 Yard twice, 15 once, 13 once. I now work in Wool Roam seventy or eighty chaps at work; all men, except sel, S—, and two others. I know a good many chaps that have been here, and they'll try to get me to go wi"em again; I should be glad to work, but boys always jawing about being in Prison.' This boy referred to his extensive prison acquaintance at anothe r gao l : got to know many chdps at (a classification prison). I war at 0:d Offenders' Ward. I knew S and 1)- ; used to talk what they would do when they went out. There was an Irish chap and some others used to plan things ; said they'd had `jemmys,' and `jakes,' and night protectors' to knock anybody down. S and D- wanted me to be at outside of prison gates aged they come out; said would try their luck at Dublin.' T. S--,' 1 've been in twice; once in `yellow lam now on vag side,' No. 17 : there's inure nor forty many been in several times. I've been in -- Gadi three times. Got to know several chaps—B. T. 8., F. L.—he's transported. There's two Day V, urds of little chaps altogether. T now sleep in No. 2. bottom. J. T. Sleeps svi' me, and T. 8., and T. G. ; the last two are first time chaps.' 'We whisper together, but if they hear us ta'king they take our tickets off, and supper gets stopped. Chaps often say what they'll do and where they'll go when they gets out. Chaps come down at gates and takes 'em off wi"em ;—t've heard 'em sav Under such circumstances he shows that all attempt,a to produce- any reformation of character under our present prison regulations, must fail, in which he is borne out by the opinions of prison inspectors and others conversant with the operation of the system. iy which Mr: Adshead proposes is, " The Ilion of prisoners by day and night, during hours of laboUr reli_qiou, worship, instruction and exercise, as absolutely necessary for preventing contami nation and for securing a proper system of discipline." The prisoners should not be allowed even to see each other, although, with proper restrictions and for good conduct, they might be allowed occasionally to see their friends, and to have proper books furnished to them for their amusement. In the few prisons where this system is adopted the best results have followed, habits of indus try have been acquired, the breaking up of bad connexions has been effected, and the number of recommittals has gradually lessened. Thus, in Preston Gaol, where the separate system has been lately tried, according to the report of Mr. Clay, the recommittals were, in 1843, 659 ; in 1844, 554 ; in 1845, 476 ; and in 1846; 308, or a de crease of recommittals of 53 2-10 per cent. from 1843. A. comparison with four other gaols in the county of Lanca shire, shows a balance of 45.5 per cent. in favour of Preston ; although in that gaol this system is not probably carried out. In Reading Gaol, - Berks, where it has been established, the recommittals were, from Midsummer to Christmas, in 1841, 86; in 1842, 78; while in 1844 they had fallen down to 8 cases. As objections have been urged against this system, with respect to its influence on mental and bodily health, Mr. Adshead quotes the following from the report of the visiting justices, dated Oct. 13, 1845 : " Wiilireference to the more serious questions which concern the state and condition of the prisoners, as to morals, disci pline, employment, hard labour, and observance of rules, noon which the visiting justices are retmired to deliver a repor t, they desire to express a perfect conviction that the superior con struction, arrangement, and adaption of the new gaol at Read ing, have been the means by which, under the strict attention of the governor, the chaplain, and the officers of the gaol, the regulations have been so beneficially enforeed.for the preserva tion of the health of the prisoner. and that, frith respect to th e i r morals and discipline, every requisite ha s been attained w hich can rationally be expected to command a salutaty influence and control. We shall merely, in conclusion, recommend the pamph let, and the facts which it contains, to the attention of our owu magistracy.