The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1850-04-09 00:00:00

SPECIAL MEETING OF THE COUNCIL, YESTE RDAY IMPORTANT DISCUSSION ON THE WATER REPORT, A special meeting of the Council was held yesterday at the Town Hall, to consider and determine upon— I. Report of the Water Committee and the Report of Robert Stephenson, Esq., M.P., on the water question, and to give such instructions and directions in relation thereto, and in conse quence thereof, as the Council may think fit. 11. To consider the bills now before Parliament relating to the Liverpool Waterworks, viz. :—" A bill to extend the time limited by the Liverpool Corporation Waterworks' Act, 1847; for purchasing lands and constructing the works authorized by such act, and for other purposes ;" and " A bill to authorize the Mayor, Aldermen and Burgesses of the borough of Liver pool, to relinquish the construction of the Waterworks author ized by the Liverpool Corporation Waterworks' Act, 1847, and to construct other Waterworks;" and to give such instructions and directions in relation to said bills, or either of them, as the Council may think fit. The Cotincil met at ten o'clock, at which hour there was but a thin attendance of members. Before proceeding with the regular business of the day, The MAYOR intimated that Mr. Dover had a few words to say to the Council relative to DOCK DC Mr. DOVER then said that in speaking at the last coun il on the Dock Committee's proceedings, he mentioned that the cargo of a vessel called the John Howard, which had been wrecked at Southport, would be free from dock rates in consequence of the alteration of the law. He no found, however, that only part of the cargo had been landed there, and that the parties concerned had deposited a sufficient sum in the hands of the Dock Committee to coverthe who .bject to the repayment of that part which was not legally cue. He made this statement in explana tion of the conduct of the consignees, which had from the commencement been perfectly fair and honourable. He would say more, but he was aware that his Worship would not allow him. He would, however, intimate that on the next day of meeting he would renew those questions which he had put to the Chairman of the Dock Com mittee on the last day of Council. MR. STEPIIEIVS, S RETORT THE Tows-CLzr.K then read the following report from the Water Committee :—" The Water Committee having, since the appointment of Mr. Stephenson to act as the engineer named in the resolution of the Council of the 9th November last, from time to time, submitted to the Council the instructions given to and various communica tions had with him by and on the part of the committee, now submit to the Council the report he has made, and which was received by the committee on the 2d inst. The conclusion at which Mr. Stephenson has arrived renders it necessary that the Council should give such instruc tions as they may, upon consideration of the report, think necessary with reference to the two bills now before Parliament, one being for the relinquishment of the Ri vington Works, and the other to extend the time for the acquisition of land for, and the completion of those works, and both of these bills stand for second reading in the House of Commons on Tuesday next." Alderman POOCTER said that he would suggest for the convenience of the Council, that they should decide in what order the discussion should be taken. If the Council would take the report as read, it would save a great deal of time. If on the other hand the Council decided that it should be read, why then the best plan would be to read it at once. But whatever course might be adopted, he would feel it to be his duty to move that the report be received, and in doing so he would make a few observations on the report. When the report was disposed of, there were the two bills now befcre Parlia ment to be considered : one of these was for the abandon ment of the Rivington works, and the other was for an extension of time in relation to these works. He thought that some gentleman would move that the former bill be withdrawn. Mr. THomsON No, no Alderman PROCTER,—When that bill is withdrawn, then the Council will go on with the consideration of the clauses of the extension of time bill. At the suggc Stephens stion of the Mayor, the report of Mr, taken as read, and Alderman PROCTER again rose, and said that it now became his duty to move that the report of Mr. Stephen son be received. It was not his wish to revive in any way the agitation which had hitherto prevailed on this most unfortunate question. He was certain that there had been enough of agitation and disquietude in the town. He was not going to find fault with the recommendation which Mr. Stephenson had given ; nevertheless he could not pass over many portions of the report without com ment. He must confess that he felt very much disap pointed at the result of that renort—(a laugh)—as did the majority of the advocates of the Rivington Pike them selves.—(Hear. hear.) The first question put to Mr. Stephenson was— Whether a supply sufficient a. regal , ' ititv as quantity and qua. lity for the present and prospective wants of the town and neighbourhood, including domestic, trailing, and manufac turing purposes, and shipping; and for public purposes, viz.— watering and cleansing streets, flushing sewers, extinguishing fires, and supplying public baths and wash-houses, can be ob tained, by additional borings or tunnels, or otherwise, at the present stations, viz.—those purchased from the companies respectively, and from the Green-lane works, now vested in the cornoration, and the cost of obtaining such sufficient supply." In page 24 of the report he found this part of the enquiry disposed of as follows: "After the full explanation, in the preceding pages of this report, respecting the action of wells on each other, and the mode by which the water is transmitted throughout the body of the sandstone, it will at once be perceived that the expecta tion of much augmenting the supply of the present wells, either by sinking boring, or tunnelling, cannot be entertained. I am satisfied that any increase occasioned by deepening these wells will be temporary, and only take place to the same extent as the private supply of water is diminished. This would ne cessarily lead to the deepening of the private wells, which, as will be seen in table No. S of the Appendix, has already been done to a considerable degree, and, when finished, would leave all parties in the same relative positions, except that they would have the same quantity of water, or a very little more, to lift a greater height ; and it cannot he doubted that a large proportion of any increase would be derived from the river Mersey, as all the wells are now sunk to or below the level of low water, and many yield brackish water. The question of expense points to the propriety of diminishing rather than in creasing the supply from the existing wells." He would, however, pass over this portion of the report, and come to the second question, which was put thus to Mr. Stephenson : " Whether a sufficient addition to the present supply can be obtained in the locality or neighbourhood of Liverpool, as re commended by Messrs. Simpson and Newlands, or by borings, or by any other course, and the cost of obtaining and distri buting the same." In answer to that question, at page 27 of his report, he saws : "Mr. Simpson, in the Kirkby or Clock-house Bridge scheme, proposes to obtain from wells situated near each other, and tunnels uniting them, 4,000,000 gallons a day, and an equal quantity from two branches of the river Alt. The area of water-shed of this district would yield the quantity, but the proposed reservoir of about 30 acres in extent and 15 feet in depth, would be inadequate, as respects storage, to ensure so large an uniform daily supply ; and I am satisfied, from a per sonal examination, that it would be a task of great difficulty to construct one sufficient for the purpose in this place. The engine power requisite for the purpose of pumping 8,000,000 gallons a day to Liverpool, is considerably underrated ; but, were the proposed works in other respects adequate to the ne cessary supply, I believe the aggregate estimate would be suf ficient." In addition to this, he says, that no plans on Messrs Simpson and Newland's scheme having been submitted he could not judge, but lie had no doubt but that the amount named £192,556, would be sufficient. This in his opinion was a very important part of the decision. It was a very important omission from the calculations of Mr. Stephenson, who certainly should have had all these plans before him. He does not doubt that the district would yield 8,000,000 gallons per day, nor that the estimated cost, £192,550, would suffice to raise that quantity. It was to be borne in mind that this was 8,000,000 gallons additional to our present supply, which might be taken at 4,000,000, making a total of 12,000,000 gallons, per day, for an additional out lay of £192,550. But then he tells you in the same page that the reservoirs would be inadequate. Now this ques tion of storage was one which depended considerably on the daily pumping, and was therefore a question which almost any man could understand. It was a question in the solution of which they did not require the assistance of scientific and engineering men at an enormous cost. However he was glad that it had been admitted that 8,000,000 gallons per day could be obtained at the cost of £192,550, thus bringing the matter into a small compass ; indeed, so far as the local supply goes. Mr. Stephenson believed, as he had reported, that the cost of the Riving ton scheme would be £500,000, at least, and therefore it was a question for the Council and the burgesses to say whether they would add this sum to the £650,000, which they had already incurred in the purchase of the works, for the additional 8,000.000 gallons only, for it was admit ted that that quantity would be all that could be got for the Money. If the council and the burgesses wished to go to Rivington, they must bear in mind that they had already spent £650,000 on the present works, and that £500,000 additional would be required for Rivington, making a total of £1,150,000. In the event of the local scheme being taken, they should also bear in mind that 12,000,000 gallons per day could be got from the local sources, for say—cost of water-works already purchased, £650,000 ; cost of new works, £192,550, making a total of £742,550. In addition to this he should say, that no matter what scheme was taken up, £90,000 more would have to be added for the cost of laying down mains, &c. It would be observed that both these estimates were for the supply of 12,000,000 gallons daily. Then came the question of expense. The cost of the Rivington works alone would entail an annual outlay of 'X50,000 at 4 per cent. upon the capital. The annual outlay on the local scheme, at the same rate, would be £38,000. Mr. Stephenson had calculated the interest at 41 per cent. ; but he (Mr. Proc tor) would take 4 per cent. as being nearer the mark. It was not his intention, however, to take any part in the further agitation of this vexed question, because he was satisfied that the people of Liverpool had lost so much money in the prosecution of the one scheme and the other, that it was quite time an end was put to the matter. It would not be his place, as chairman of the Water Com mittee, to recommend either one scheme or the other. In the report before them, from the beginning to the two last pages, Mr. Stephenson recommended the home supply ; but then he said—taking into account the balance of circumstances, the position of the Rivington scheme, the liabilities, which he (Mr. Proctor) contended they had been forced into, and which were still going on, it was his opinion that the burgesses of Liverpool would be neglect mg their real interests if they were now to refuse to have the Rivington scheme carried out. He (Mr. Proctor) recommended neither one course nor the other to be adopted. lie would simply move that the report of Mr. Stephenson be received. Mr. LANGSDALE seconded the motion of the chairman of the Water Committee. Mr. TnomsoN wished to ask one or two questions. He understood that Bellmount reservoir was supplied by a drainage of 1800 acres, and produced about 3,460,000 gallons of water per day ; Bolton Water Works covered a drainage of 520 acres, and produced 900,000 gallons per day. Now he found that this was about one-half of the Rivington drainage, and if so, and if these were the results, how did they make it appear that Rivingtou could . produce le much as had been Kited ? Alderman PROCTER explained that it merely implied that the report be received without passing any opinion upon it. Some discussion ensued on the wording_ of the motion, and its meaning, which was put an end to by Alderman HoRspALL moving, as an amendment, that the Report be read and adopted. Alderman COOPER briefly seconded the amendment. The MAyoR was then about to put the amendment, when Mr. BENNETT rose, and said that he thought some thing more should be said on the question before they went to the vote. It was requisite to know what they were doing before they adopted the Report, especially as they had heard from Mr. Ilornby that he had not read it. He (Mr. Bennett) had read it carefully, and he gave Mr. Stephenson credit for extreme straightforwardness. He gave himcredit for giving them everything which had come to his knowledge; for giving it to them in so clear and unmistakeable a manner. He only regretted that with the information he (Mr. S,) had shown himself to be por. sessed of lie had come to the determination to adopt the Rivington Scheme as the best plan. There were in that report so very many strong arguments in favour of the home supply, that he hoped the Council would hesitate before it came to the resolution of adopting the recom mendation. He regretted that he had not prepared, in a condensed form, all the items in that report in favour of the home supply to lay before them ; but he would en deavour to poir.t them out. He would first allude to a very important part of the report, which in itself should cause them to hesitate. In page 35 the Report says : "The yield per day or month is only known during 1847 and 1848, and its irregularity is so great even in these years as to render it impossible to calculate with accuracy upon the quan tity of a month of any other ye.ir by the rain-fall only. As an instance of this, taking the month of January in each year, we find that in 1847 an inch of rain-fall produced 330,500,000, and in 1848 only 216,100,000, although in the previous month of Be. cember, 1847, 8 inches of rain bad fallen, and in December, 1846, only 3.9 inches. Again, in February, 1847, one inch yielded 266,900,000, but in February, 1848, only 147,100,600, although, in the month of January, 1847, only 1.9 inches of rain had fallen, and in January, 1848, 3.1 inches. This is suffi cient to show the absence of a rule which would justify the construction of any balance of account for each month of those years when the actual flow was not measured, and I have, therefore, made out tables, showing theNuantities flowing into, abstracted from, and left iu the reservoir during 1847 ..nd 1848, and propose from them to be guided in reference to the capa bilities and equalizing effect of the reservoirs during other years." Now they were aware that in some instances nearly double the quantity of water was collected from one rainfall than another; still Mr. Stephenson gave them but one calculation. He admitted that 1847 and 1818 were extremely wet years ; and all instances where, for the four or six years he makes calculations in the dry years, he takes such an average as will bring on the dry years to keep them up. He contended that from a careful study ing of the amounts given by the various rainguages, and deducting the necessary quantity for compensation, the amount left at the utmost, and under the most favourable circumstances for distribution at Liverpool would be about 11,500,000 gallons per day. As regarded storage he conceived that Mr. Stephenson was wrong in his de ductions. He says that Rivington storage is in excess of most of the large towns similarly supplied with water, — and he instances Manchester, Bolton, and Belmont. But he (Mr. S.) was not aware of the whole facts of the case. He tells us that Manchester is not equal in that respect to Rivington. Now that was easily accounted for, be cause in the dry seasons that district was to be supplied with from 18,000,000 to 20,000,000 gallons daily from springs. Now Mr. Hawksley had over and over again informed them that the Rivington springs would not yield more than 2,000,000 gallons per day. After a few obser vations as to the comparative costs of the home and the Rivington schemes, Mr. Bennett proceeded to discuss the comparative qualities of the water, which were to be obtained from the respective sources. In page 44 of the report Mr. Stephenson says : "There can be no doubt that the quality cf water which would be obtained by sinking wells at some distance from the town is excellent, possessing hardness only in a moderate degree, and there is, in fact, little difference of inmortaneo existing between it and the writer from Rivington. That from the sandstone would be preferred by many for drinking, while the water from Rivington, from its softness, is better for almost every other purpose; the former may be said to be the most palatable, and the latter the most useful. The analysis of Dr. Lyon Playfair, made in 1847, is conclusive on this point." Now from all this it struck him (Mr. Bennett). that the report upon the Rivington water coincided with what an eminent French analytical chemist once said of the scheme of making sugar from beet root. He said that beet root possessed all the necessary qualifications for being con verted into sugar—but that of sweetness. So it was with the Rivington water, it had all the good properties of water, but it was not wholesome. Mr. Stephenson had put a great damper on those who talked of the prospective wants of the town, for he had told them that it was a scheme which at best was only to last 20 years. He agreed with Mr. Stephenson when he told them that there was plenty of water in the new red sandstone; and be still more agreed with Professor Ansterl when he said that to obtain an abundance of water from that source it would be necessary to sink 1000 feet. That was his (Mr. Ben nett's) opinion ; for he thought that water to be got in real abundance must be sought for below the shallow depths which they were now sinking. Professor Ansted said more ; for he said that if he were to sink a good shaft to the depth of 1000 feet, the water would so rise in the shaft that they would be able to supply all the wells in the neighbourhood; that in fact the more we would pump from the sandstone the more it would yield. Ho con ceived that Mr Stephenson had paid too much attention to the statement put forward by Mr. Bold. At page 9 Mr. Stephenson told them that the drainage space requisite to supply such wells - was something like a mile in radius. Now how he could make that statement agree with the table supplied by Mr. Bold, and on which he had placed such reliance, he (Mr. Bennett) was at a loss to discover. He found from that table that of the wells said to be drained by Green-lane, one half of them were at least 1800 yards from Green-lane well. Many of them, how ever, were more than 2000 yards from that point. After a few more observations Mr. Bennett concluded by ex pressing a hope that the Council would not hastily adopt any scheme which would involve an outlay of so large a sum of money ; and for all parties he thought it would be better if a little more time were given to digest and examine the Report before it was adopted. Mr. PARKER said that the Council and the public had consented to get the opinion of one of the highest and best engineers of the day upon the question —an opinion they should bear in mind, which had cost them an im mense sum of money—no less than £12,000, and there fore he hoped that that opinion would be attended to. He was happy to say that out of doors the people were anxious that this matter should be settled, and so far as he had been able to ascertain, not one ward was opposed to the adoption of the report. For his own part, although from the first he bad consistently opposed the Rivington scheme, he now felt that the time for all opposition was past, and therefore the measure would receive his hearty co-operation. Mr. H. Hoar BY observed that it was not his intention to have spoken on this motion, had it not been for the ob servation of Mr. Bennett. He certainly had contented himself with reading the two last pages of the report, be cause he did not consider himself at all qualified to exa mine an engineering question like the present. They were not met to do so ; but they were met, like a body of com mon-sense gentlemen, to take the report and deliberate on its commercial bearings. He felt great disappointment at the manner in which the Chairman of the Water Com mittee had brought this matter before the Council. (Hear, hear.) He thought certainly that that gentleman would have come there prepared to tell us either that the Water Committee could give us an assurance that they could still induce Parliament to abandon the Pike bill ; or that, being unable to do so, they would recommend us to adopt the report and abandon the bills before Parliament. He really thought that enough of money had been expended and enough of ill blood engendered in prose cuting a useless opposition. When this matter was put into the hands of Mr. Stephenson, he, for one, was willing to abide by whatever might be the wish of the majority of the council when that report would be laid before them. And he would ask them now—even at the eleventh hour— to carry out the bill which had been decided upon in the least expensive manner possible. Mr. PICTON said he could not content himself with giving a silent vote on this question, though he would premise that he would not trespess at any great length on the time of the Council. He was sorry that he could not come to the same conclusion as Mr. Hornby. He felt sorry to disturb the unanimity of the Council ; but he was obliged to come to an opposite conclusion on the statements and evidence submitted to him. Therefore, he might premise that whatever decision the Council might come to on this question that day, he should feel himself disposed to bow to it with the utmost possible respect, and, whatever that decision might be, he would endeavour in good faith fairly and truly to carry it out. (Hear, and applause.) In receiving Mr. Stephenson's Report, if that gentleman had been content in giving us the two last pages, if he had merely said, taking all into consideration I recommend such and such a course," without going at any great length into his reasons, he Picton) should not have lifted his voice against it. He should be perfectly satisfied to bow to Mr. Stephen son's opinion ; but he thought proper to go into his rea sons ; he had given them at great length, the reasons why he had come to certain conclusions. Mr. Stephenson took them along with him through the chain of reason ing in which he arrived at certain results, and they were therefore competent, nay more, they were called upon to exercise their own reason to see whether from the same practical facts, and the same evidence from what Mr. S. had reasoned, they could arrive at the same conclusion that he had. He (Mr. Picton) confessed, after giving Mr. Stephenson's report the utmost consideration which the short time elapsed since they received it would allow, he was compelled to come to a conclusion somewhat different as regarded the facts and the evidence there put down. It would be bad taste of him (Mr. Picton) to enter at any length into the engineering question ; he would refrain from any attempt of the kind ; but when he came to the evidence and facts, and calculations, and when the figures were laid before them, they were compe tent to come to a conclusion of their own. The report first stated in so many words that there was abundance of water in the new red sand stone. That was a full justifi- ' (sex PAGE 8.) Mr. BENNETT.—The drainage of Rivington is 10,000 acres. Mr. THomsoN would now ask, if the price of the water was to be raised on the people of Liverpool ? The Tows-cLEux.--No, Sir. Mr. THOMSON.—With respect to the report, he must say that ➢lr. Stephenson had not behaved well to the town, in procrastinating his report to the last minute, lie wished to be informed whether government could compel them to go on with the works ? The MAYOR.---I think you had better put the question. Mr. PICTON wished to be informed what the motion or the chairman implied ? Whether it implied the adoption of the report ? THE LltEit#oot StANDARD. SOUTH LANCASHIRE SPRING ASSIZES. NISI PRIUS COURT.—TUESDAY. On the Sitting of the court this morning the case of " Saul v. Barclay" was resumed; and, after a lengthened investigation, a verdict was returned substantially for the defendant. WOODROW V. THE LANCASTER AND CARLISLE RAILWAY COMPANY. Mr. James Woodrow, the plaintiff, is a commission agent in :Manchester, twenty-three years of age, and doing a good busi ness. On the 10th of February, last year, he was about to pro ceed to Glasgow on business. He arrived at Preston, nd took his place there for Glasgow in a train which left the in the course of the afternoon, booking himself right through. The Lancaster and Preston line was then leased to the Lancaster and Carlisle Company, Upon the arrival of the train at Car lisle it was rearranged, and the plaintiff and a gentleman, named Mackintosh, who accompanied him from Preston, were removed to a carriage belonging to the North-Western Railway Com , piny. Having proceeded about four or five miles beyond Car lisle, an accident occurred just after passing the Rockliff sta tion, when the carriage in which they were was thrown over an embankment; four persons were killed, and amongst the par ties injured was the plaintiff, who brought the present action of compensation for injury received. The plaintiff received se rious injury to his spine, which compelled a detention at Car lisle for about eleven weeks, when he was removed to the resi dence of his parents at Glasgow, where he was under medical treatment for a considerable period. His LORDSHIP having summed up, the jury retired, and after an absence of half-an-hour returned into court, with a verdict for the plaintiff, damages '5OO. SOMERS V. THE LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. The plaintiff, Miss Maria Somers, was a young lady of the theatrical profession, who, on the 14th of January, left her lodgings, in Manchester, in a cab, with t wo t run k s, one con taining heri bonnets, the other the theatrical apparel, with trin kets and other articles of the value of ..€l3O. These trunks were taken to the London and North-Western Railway Station, and given into the charge of two of the company's porters, and marked " Rugl.y" in chalk. Some confusion took place at the station, and a number of the swell mob were actively en gaged. Upon her arrival at Rugby, the trunk containing her theatrical dresses and trinkets, with her gold watch, was not in tile train. The action was brought to recover the value of the missing property. Verdict for the plaintiff, damages .t'4o. TAYLOR V. SMITH. This action was brought for the breach of a covenant entered into by defendant on the 23c1 of February, 1842, by which the fee-simple of a certain parcel of land situate in Boundary-street, sold to the defendant Smith, at 18s. a square yard, by the trus tees acting under the will of the late Mr. Johnson, providing he paid the whole of the amount by 1841. Smith afterwards resold some of this land to the plaintiff, who had built ten houses upon it, and paid him 255. 9d. per square yard. Plaintiff had an opportunity of selling this property for £1,400, in August, 1848, to Messrs. Dogherty and Prince, and applied to the defen dant for the conveyance of the title to the property, who referred him to Messrs. Johnson, the trustees. They refused to convey the title until the remainder of the purchase-money was paid. This action was brought for damages incurred by the plaintiff for breach of covenant. A verdict was taken by consent for '866. WEDNESDAY. STUROIS U. ISLAM AND ANOTHER. Mr. Thomas Sturgis, the assignee of the estate and effects of Mr. Norman M`Leod, and Mr. M'Eachan, were the plaintiff's in this case ; the defendants were Messrs. Irlam, Wanostrocht, and Co., and the action was brought to recover several sums of money, amounting to £5,500, received by the defendants, as brokers, upon policies of insurance on the ship Integrity, and which they had withdrawn from the plaintiff to cover a debt owing to them by one of the owners. For the defence it was denied that the defendants knew anything whatever of Mr. M'Eachan in the matter. It was also stated that their entire dealings were with Mr. M`Leod, and that he had given them an authority to retain the money and place it to his credit. In summing up the case, his LORDSHIP observed that the main questions for the jury to consider were—first, whether the po licies in question had been effected for the joint benefit of both Mr. M'Leod and M'Eachan ; and, secondly, if so, whether the defendants were aware that M'Eachan was a joint owner at the time of the transaction. He would ask for their verdict speci fically upon both these points. After consultation the jury found—first, that the insurance was effected for the mutual be nefit of both parties; and secondly, that they were of opinion that the defendants were not aware that M'Eachan had any in terest in the vessel at the time of the transaction.—His LORD snip then directed a verdict for the defendants, with liberty for the plaintiff to move to have the verdict reversed ; and also with liberty for the defendant to move for a non-suit. ^ • CASE OF COLLISION -COWMAN AND OTHERS V. COULTHAND AND OTHERS. The plaintiff in this action was part owner and commander of a vessel called the Eliza, trading between \Vhitehaven and Dub lin, in the coal trade, and the defendant was part owner and captain of a similar kind of vessel, belonging to Whitehaven. The action was brought to recover ..e1,089 the value of the Eliza and her cargo, in consequence of her loss by collision with the Fortunate on the night of the 17th of January last. For the plaintiff several witnesses were examined, amongst whom were the crew of the Eliza. The jury found for the plaintiff, damages .€959 15s. THURSDAY. The parties in the special jury cases of "M`Cormick v. Hum phreys," " M`Cormick and Another v. Humphreys," and "Humphreys v. M'Cormick," agreed to a reference. MALCOLM V. SCOTT AND ANOTHER. This was an action for money had and received, and paid for the use of the plaintiff, and for interest, and on account stated. The defendants denied the debt, and thereupon the issue joined. The Attorney-general, (Sir J. Jervis,) Mr. Crompton, and Mr. Mellish, appeared for the plaintiff; Mr. Martin, Mr. Watson. Mr. Cowling, and Mr. Atherton, for the defendants. The plaintiff, Mr. George Malcolm, is a merchant of Liverpool; the defendants are merchants in London, carrying on busi ness under the firm of Scott, Bell, and Co. The case was par tially gone int•, when a discussion o n t ec h n i ca l po i nts ensued, which resulted in the attorney-general submitting to a nonsuit, with liberty to move. DAD USBANDRY. - FAZAKERLEY V. uonEnsom. This was an action brought by Henry Fazakerley, Esq., of Chorley, azaints one of his tenants, James Rogerson, for un skilful husbandry. After the case had been opened and a wit ness examined, the court adjourned. FRIDAY. FAZAKERLY V. ROGERSON. This case, which was partially gone into on Thursday, was resumed this morning. The plaintiff was the landlord, and the defendant the tenant of a farm, and the latter was alleged to have broken the contract by breaking up meadow and pas ture land, and by sowing wheat after oats; and was also al leged to have committed an offence in trover, by going upon the land and taking half a standing crop of 1849, after the period of his tenancy had expired. A number of witnesses were called for the plaintiff to prove that it was not customary to plough up the meadow and pasture land to the extent which the plaintiff had done, and also that he had no right under the course of tillage which he had pursued, to have entered the farm and taken half of the wheat crop. The plaintiff's wit nesses, admitted in cross-examination by Mr. Martin, that the farm was in an exceedingly bad condition when the defendant entered upon it. The defence set up was that the farm was in a most wretched state when taken by the defendant, who ex pended £2OO in manuring it, and that added to the rent, £2BO, would make .480, which the landlord derived from the tenancy in addition to ''3o for repairs, and the ordinary expense of ploughing, harrowing, &c. With regard to breaking up the meadow and pasture land, Mr. Martin contended that any land except that which had not been• broken up since Richard Ist entered the Holy Land could be broken up by the tenant of a farm. He protested agait.st the fantastic notions of the Scotch agriculturists, and said that it was only necessary that . a man should manage his farm in a tenant-like manner, and if Ile did not so manage it he was to be held responsible. No damage amounting to the hundredth part of half a farthing had been done to the farm, and he maintained that the plaintiff had been amply remunerated. A great number of witnesses were then called, whose evidence tended to show that it was the custom of the country to sow wheat after oats, and also to break up pasture and meadow land; and the out-going tenant was enti tled to half the crop of wheat which he left upon the land. In cross-examination of the witnesses, it was made to appear that many of these" customs" were of very recent origin. Mr. Know les, in reply, pointed out that the witnesses for the defendant were interested in the questions at issue, inasmuch as they were ten ants themselves. The defendant, he said, had not put so much manure upon the land as he was bound to do under the agree ment. He undertook to put thirty tons of manure upon every acre of arable land ; he had put on, apparently, between 400 and 500 tons, and that was not the quantity which, by stipula lation, he should have put on. His lordship then summed up. He said the " custom" to which the jury were to have regard in deciding the cause was, not the "universal custom" which was spoken of in law books, which governed the law of succes sion in different manors, &c., and which related to a practice continuing from the time of Richard 1., but merely such a general custom or practice prevailing in the neighbourhood as should guide parties entering into contracts, by showing what, in the neighbourhood in question, were understood to be the rights and uses of the tenant with regard to the land. If the plaintiff had satisfied the jury that what was Cone was contrary to good husbandry and the custom of the country, he was en titled to a verdict. The jury retired, and after a protracted absence returned into court with a verdict for the plaintiff, damages one shil'ing, on the groun d t h at t h e defendant had placed more land under tillage than he had a right to do by the custom of the country ; and for the defendant, on the ground that he had a perfect right to take off half the wheat crop on leaving the farm. BOOTHMAN AND ANOTHER V. THE 'MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLNSHIRE RAILWAY COMPANY. In this case, a verdict was taken, by consent, for ..2,000, subject to a special case. The cases, Campbell v. Humphreys and another, and Camp bell v. Humphreys, were withdrawn. CALDWELL V. POTT. In this case, a verdict was taken for the plaintiff, by consent SATURDAY. LIBEL: FAIR V. HORNBY. This was an action for libel. and the declaration stated that the plaintiff was steward to Thomas Clifton, under whom the defendant held lands and tenements, and that the defendant, in reference to the extension of a lease of such land, &c., wrote two letters to the said Thomas Clifton, whereby the character of the plaintiff was libelled. The defendant, in answer, pleaded not guilty. Messrs. Martin, Sergeant Wilkins, and Atherton, appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. Roebuck and Mr. Crompton for the defendant. Mr. MARTIN stated the case. The plaintiff, Mr. James Fair, was the steward and land-agent to Mr. Thomas Clifton, of Lytham-hall, and formerly acted in a similar capacity for the Earl of Derby. The defendant, Mr. Wm. Henry Hornby, was a manufacturer, residing at Blackburn, and he married a Miss Birley, and so became occupier, under lease, of a house at Lytham, (a watering-place below Preston,) belonging to Mr. Clifton, upon which the defendant expended a considerable sum of money. Subsequently, considerable negociation took place between the plaintiff and the defendant as to the renewal of the lease; arid, after much correspondence between them, the defendant wrote several I etters to Mr. Clifton, complaining of the conduct of the pl a i n tiff, an d i n one of these he (Mr. Hornby) said—" Investigation alone can prove the truth or otherwise the charge I have made, and which I now repeat, that, having laid out little short of £€OO at Lytham, on premi ses which I expected to be honourably performed, I have been deceived, robbed, and grossly insulted by Mr. Fair and Mr. Haydock, and to you as their employer, as also owner of the soil, I make this statement, to the truth of which I am pre. pared to take the most sacred affirmation." After an address for the defendant by Mr. Roebuck, the jury found a verdict for the plaintiff, damages 405., costs 40s. After the settlement of one or two cases, of no public interest, the whole of the business was concluded, and Baron Rolfe left in the evening for London. SETTLEMENT OF THE WATER QUESTION.- MR. STEPHENSON'S REPORT IN FAVOUR OF THE RIVINGTON SCHEME. (FROM OUR THIRD EDITION LAST WEEK.) A special messenger arrived this morning from London, and brought to the Town Hall, from Mr. Stephenson, twenty-five copies of that talented gentleman's report on the Water question ; and through the polite attention of the Chairman of the Water Committee (Mr. Procter), we have been favoured with an early copy, and proceed to lay before our readers the most salient points of that im portant document. The report occupies no fewer than fifty-eight pages of printed matter, besides an immense mass of tabular sta tistics, most elaborately drawn up. Mr. Stephenson enters most minutely into the various questions submitted to. him. He contends (contrary to the report we. reeeiy,ed. yesterday) that we cannot pre- TO COMPLETE THAT SCHEME. Mr. Stephenson says the water from the sandstone fr preferred for drinking, whilst that from Rivington, from its softness, is better for almost every other purpose ; the former may be said to be the most palatable, and the latter the most useful. The following concluding remarks are too important to be omitted-- I now come to address myself to the last question put to me, namely,— " Under all the circumstances of the case, what course is recommended to be pursued ? " In the progress of this report I hope I have succeeded in explaining the conclusions to which I have arrived at each step of the investigation, and made intelligible the facts and reasons on which they are based. The follow ing are the results, in my judgment, established as regards the Supply from Wells : That the new red sandstone in and about Liverpool does contain a very large reservoir of water. That it is fissured most extensively. That a sympathy, varying in degree, does in conse quence exhibit itself between wells, and generally the mass of sandstone may, for all practical purpo ses, be regarded as exceedingly permeable. That notwithstanding this extensive permeability, individual wells sunk into it are not proved to be capable of yielding a supply, much, if at all, ex ceeding one million of gallons a day. That a slight tendency has evinced itself of the salt water from the river making its way into the mass of sandstone rock upon which Liverpool stands. That if any attempt be made to obtain an increased supply by deepening the present wells much below the range of the tide, this tendency will be accele rated in velocity and very materially increased in amount. That there is no probability of an adequate increase of the supply of water being obtained from the existing wells by boring or sinking them deeper. That the various proposals for obtaining water by sinking at one point in the immediate vicinity of Liverpool will not produce the stipulated quantity. That no position offers itself as eligible for the con struction of adequate reservoirs in the Childwall or Alt Valley. And, finally, That the most, if not the only, feasible plan for making the water contained in the sand stone available for the purposes named in the in structions, is to sink a series of wells scattered over a large area of country lying to the east or north-east of the town. Having thus expressed my opinions in reference to the various plans which have been suggested in or near Li verpool for the attainment of the great object in view, and I trust disposed of the engineering questions, my conclu ding remarks will be confined simply to the prudence and policy of carrying out the scheme. The estimates, which have been prepared with the ut most care, certainly declare in favour of this project, as far as present economy is concerned ; but in weighing this advantage, it is essential to bear in mind that the capital has been charged with 4} per cent. interest, whereas I know that corporate bodies are raising money at 4 per cent. for similar objects. This modification in the rate of interest would necessarily reduce the mone tary superiority, and if the proper decision depended solely on this point, further remark would be needless; but as "I am confident, when the honour was done of referring the full consideration of this important matter to me, it was not intended that I should be placed under any restrictions whatever, (and in this spirit I construe the instructions,) I am impelled at once to declare, that in carrying out this system of wells, several very grave difficulties and contingencies suggest themselves. In the first place, a yield of from a million to a million and a quarter has been calculated upon from each well, and the computation is based upon the most careful revi sion of all the facts that have been elicited, but it cannot be overlooked that this supply may be in some instances interfered with. It is true that such an interference may at present appear remote, but this circumstance does not in my mind justify the neglect of taking it into account ; on the contrary, when we are c mtemplating the expendi ture of a large amount of public money, it seems of the last importance to render its value permanent, and this is obviously achieved by making its utility permanent. I will not for one momen t conceal from you that this part of the subject cannot be freed entirely from doubt ; but suppose that it be so, the next step for consideration is the probability of obtaining parliamentary powers over so extensive an era of country as is absolutely necessary, and there cannot be a question that a formidable opposi tion will have to be encountered, which, if even not en tirely'successful, would certainly obtain restrictive clauses that might embarrass the undertaking much beyond what I have ventured to contemplate in the estimate of the annual cost of working. In any event, to secure the ne cessary powers could not fail to be very costly. In addition to this, it is impossible to throw out of the balance of circumstances the position of the Rivington project:—the powers have been obtained at a large expense of time and money, and numerous prospective interests have been dealt with and adjusted; large contracts have been entered into, and certain responsibilities must be met. These, from the authentic statements which have been laid before me, cannot fall short of £70,000 or £BO,OOO, the interest of which, in the event of the aban donment of the Rivington plan, must of course become an annual charge on the Well system. Such are tne circumstances which in any dispassionate mode of treating the subject must be allowed their due weight; and with this conviction I have anxiously endea voured to give to each its proper influence, both present and prospective. The contested parts of the project have had my uninterrupted study since I was on the ground, and I believe it has been made evident : That the Rivington scheme is adequate to the supply of an abundance of water to meet both the imme diate wants of the town, and also the prospective demands which may arise from any probable in crease of population for the next twenty years to come. That the reservoirs are fitted for such a storage as will secure an uniform and copious supply at all seasons. That little apprehension need be entertained respect ing the mains being carried over the Wigan Coal field. And that with proper care the total cost should not come up to the amount which has been stated. Believing, as I do, most sincerely that these qualifica tions are possessed by the Rivington plan, I come to the deliberate opinion that, after having expended such large sums of money, and incurred such heavy responsibilities to obtain an abundant supply of water of unquestionable quality from an unfailing source by means of gravitation, and consequently at a comparatively inconsiderable annual outlay, the inhabitants of Liverpool would be deserting their true interests, both present and prospective, if they failed to hold fast the powers which they now possess, and may never again be able to obtain, for accomplishing, in the most perfect manner, a great social advantage now so much and so universally sought after, and were to abandon them for an alternative which I am convinced is surrounded with difficulty and uncertainty. In thus distinctly and unequivocally expressing the conclusion I have come to, I feel that I am only perform ing that duty which the importance of the occasion, and the high trust reposed in me by the unanimous appoint ment of the Town Council, alike demanded. ROBERT STEPHENSON 24, GREAT GEORGE -STREET, WESTMINSTER, March 28th, 1850 ease were stated last week, dozily rely upon a su ffi cient supply by deepening the ex- THE POISONING IN ,NORFOLK.—The principal fea o deaths have to be added has istin b g ec w o e m ll e s , some e extent, reservoird deteriorated' r w io a r t a er ted un b d yer continuedLit , e pool andtlit es w of a are extraordinary that to those of Mr. Page and hie son. This deplorable af -tothsaot m i and extensive pumping, and that as we have expended so fair still excites universal attention throughout the coun much on the Rivington project WE SHOULD BE ARAN- try, but is still enveloped in mystery. DONING OUR TRUE INTER E ST S IF WE NOW NEGLECT ED Information of a vague nature has been given to the po lice of Chesham, Bucks, relative to the alleged. murder of two women. The remains of two women have been found at a spot indicated, and it is believed that some foul crime has been perpetrated. The circumstances are under in vestigation. A PROVIDENT THIEF.—On Thursday, at the Guild. hall, a prisoner, charged with uttering base coin, a well known thief, on being searched, was found to have in his possession a savings'-bank book, in his own name ) , and it appeared that he deposited his ill-acquired savings in that institution. At the vestry meeting of the parish of St. Giles ; Durham, last week, the Rev. F. Thompson said that as he had never been able to appoint a churchwarden wha gave him satisfaction, he had resolved to nominate him self, which he did, notwithstanding the loud protests of the meeting. On Tuesday evening, two carpenters employed in mak ing alterations in the second tier of boxes in the Strand Theatre, quarrelled and fought, and one of them threw the other, named Matthews, over the front panelling into the orchestra, falling with him. Matthews is dangerously injured : the other man, who fell uppermost, was not much hurt, and is in custody. THE ORPHAN WORKING SCHOOL.—The Queen has been pleased to present to the above institution, as no minee in right of Her Majesty's munificent donation of 250 guineas, Joseph Parrett, one of seven children of the Rev. C. E. Parrett, Independent minister of Mevagissey, Cornwall. His wife died of cholera last year, and his in come arising from all sources is under £7O a year. AN IMPROVED VERSION ?—A school-boy (resident not one hundred miles from Burnley) was repeating a task in geography the other day, and came to the passage which states that " the established religion in this country is episcopacy." The hopeful pupil, however, boldly ren dered it " the established religion of this country is hy pocrisy," which the worthy Dominic considered so likely a case as to allow him to proceed uncorrected. The Mayor of Southampton has refused to sign about forty summonses of parties who have declined paying church rates in that town. The Mayor also presided at an anti-state church meeting, held last week in South ampton. This is the worthy who, as one of the '...'eace mongering Society, was so successfully ridiculed by Major Edwardes at the Shrewsbury dinner, for refusing to re ceive Lord Gough with civic honours. A LUCKY BRICKMAKER.—Mr. Thomas Haines, of Cheltenham, some time ago obtained the contract for erecting a very large building in the neighbourhood of Worcester, and it is calculated in its erection about four millions of bricks will be used. As he has up to the present time only made about one-tenth of that number, the removal of the duty will save him, in this building alone, between £9OO and £lOOO. THE COTTON AND OTHER TRADES.—In the whole of Great Britain in the year 1841, there were employed 214,780 shoemakers, 126,137 tailors, making together 340,917 individuals engaged in those trades, whilst the number of persons occupied in all branches of the cotton manufacture did not exceed 280,889. The figures will no doubt surprise many who have been taught to regard the cotton interest as the most important in the country, and one for the maintenance of which no national sacrifice could be deemed too large. A NAVVY'S ACCOUNT BooK.--A sub-contractor on the railway was summoned before the magistrates as sembled at Ulverston, last week, for refusing to pay wages. One of the complainants handed in his book of the time he had worked, and said the magistrates would very likely not be able to read his writing. He said, " You see, sir, I am only a poor writer, and whe n I h a d made one whole day, I make what I call a horse box, ; for three quarters of a day re , ; for half a day ; and for a quarter of a day —." This statement excited considerable laughter in the court, and ultimately the wages were paid. PROLIFIC PINCUSHION.—It has often been a matter of surprise what becomes of the multitudes of pins and needles daily disappearing in a house, no one knows how. The following incident will show where a few of the lost needles may be found. A lady of our acquaintance, a thrifty housekeeper, laid her hand the other day on an old pincushion, which had been in the house for a generation ; and feeling something inside pricking her finger, she had the curiosity to cut it open and empty out the bran, when, to her amazement, needles of every description lay about in bristling array. After picking them all out, she counted the astounding number of 273 serviceable needles, 20 of them large stocking ones, besides a number of broken pins. —Dundee Courier. ANOTHER MURDER BY PROCURING ABORTION.—A short time since, a young woman named Ann Tollington, aged 27, finding herself enciente, went to a certain house in St. James's-street, where one of these practitioners gladly offered to relieve her from the consequences of an illegitimate birth. The young woman consented, and a drug was given to her, but this failing, the woman made use of an instrument. The child was soon afterwards born, and Tollington, after living for a few days in unut terable agony, at length expired. The accused person ab sconded on perceiving the serious turn things were taking, and has not yet been apprehended. The following verdict was returned :—" That the deceased died from perilonitis after premature labour, such labour appearing to have been produced by mechanical means."—Notting.Journ. LOZENGE HocusslNG.—On the 16th instant, a man residing at Handsworth, was travelling by - railway from Edinburgh to Birmingham, when two men in the same carriage offered him and a fourth passenger a lozenge each. The fourth man ate his lozenge, and slept all the way to Birmingham. The Handsworth man did not eat his lozenge, nevertheless he fell asleep for a few miles, and on awaking found that he had been robbed of £l2. He accused one of the lozenge-givers of robbing him, but, of course, the man denied all knowledge of the rob bery. Strange to say, he made no effort to have the men apprehended, and the two " hocussers" left the train at Crewe in order to go to Manchester. The Handsworth man did not at first connect the lozenge-giving with the robbery, as he only gave information of the matter to the Birmingham police on the 27th, probably after seeing some account of similar hocussing in a newspaper. Worcestershire Chronicle. RIOT AT GREENWICH FAIR.—The three days of Greenwich fair closed on Wednesday night, previous to which a quarrel took place in front of Richardson's trav elling show between a soldier of the Royal Artillery and a person who was standing in the crowd ; and there be ing a great number of soldiers at the fair, a general row was the result, d ur i ng th e progress of which the military behaved with great violence, and inflicted serious injuries on all who opposed them. They rushed in a body up the steps of the theatre, and having gained possession of the platform, they forthwith commenced a violent attack upon the performers and the audience, as well as the crowd below. Men, women, and children, were similarly attacked, and having gained possession of the swords, staves, and other theatrical properties, they were used as weapons of warfare. The police arriving on the ground, the soldiers made another fearful onslaught, and knocked down several of the police and civilians. The latter in their turn fought desperately with the artillery and ma rines, and a great number were seriously wounded, some being carried off with their heads cut open. After some resistance the police succeeded in apprehending five of the more desperate soldiers. These were instantly marched off to the East Greenwich station. They soon after captured sixteen more of the ringleaders, whom they conveyed to the Greenwich lock-up. THE TAILORING TRADE.—A very numerously atten ded meeting of the journeymen tailors of the metropolis was held last week in London, Alderman Sidney, M.P., in the chair. The chairman detailed at length the evils from which the operative tailors were daily suffering, and dwelt at some length upon the fact that the Government system of clothing the army by convict labour, and other wise giving low prices, had in a great measure caused the present depression. The Government allowed for the clothing of the infantry £255,000 yearly, and there were 105 infantry colonels, who, exclusive of other remunera tion, derived on the average £6OO yearly each as profit upon the soldiers' clothing. These colonels received out of the £255,000 as much as £64,000 altogether, or in fact 25 per cent., and of course it was t h e i r interest to get any hands, whoever they might be, to make that clothing at the lowest possible amount, to obtain the largest possible profit. The price allowed for making a soldier's great coat was 5d., and out of that the workmen had to find candles and thread. A good workman would make a great coat in less than a day—two could make in one day three great coats, and thus realize between them Is. 3d., inclusive of the cost of thread, &c. The London tailors had every reason to attempt the overthrow of such a sys tem, which he was sorry to say extended in some degree to the other branches of industry. It had come within his own personal observation, that the widow of an emi nent physician who was in the deepest distress, and who had two children to provide for, earned only 3d. a day by making shirt-wristbands. He hoped that the attention of the Legislature would be directed to this shameful evil, for although a Government could not be expected to regulate the price of labour, it might do much to prevent its undue depression. ARE THE POOR BETTER OFF. —The Morning Chronicle has recently published many startling disclosures as to the real condition of the operative classes. The following reports must have caused serious misgivings to that free trade organ :-- A workman in the slop trade.—My average clear earnings are 10s. a week, and I am employed all the year round, and never lose a day. At first I could earn near upon 365. I am quite satisfied that the low wages do not arise from too many English hands, but there is a wholesale importation of cheap labour every year. Germans, Polish Jews, Prussians, Austrians, Bel gians, and Hungarians, come over like Italian boys."— An inferior workman in the slop trade.—" I make on an average ss. or 6s. a week clear. Occasionally I can make from Bs. to 9s. clear ; but for that I must begin work at six in the morning, and sit close at it till eleven at night, or seventeen hours a day, and work on Sunday. Seven years ago (1843. Sir ROBERT PEEL'S tariff in 1842) I alone could get, by working twelve hours a day Ar six days in the week one-fourth more than my wife and I can get now by slaying day and night and ALL THE SUN DAY LONG. MY COMFORTS HAVE NOT INCREASED IN ANY WAY WITH THE DECREASE IN THE PRICE OF PROVISIONS. Bread, tea, meat , and sugar, are a ll cheaper, and yet I can safe ly say lam twice as badly off as I was then. And so, I know, are all the people in my trade. OUR WAGES HAVE GONE DOWN MORE THAN PROVISIONS ; that is to say, WE WORK MORE THAN TWICE AS HARD AS WE DID, AND OUR WIVES TOO, AND LESS FOOD AND LESS COMFORT." Another inferior workman."—" When I first began I could earn, by my own unassisted labour, 365. a week, or more. Now I, my wife, two boys, and two girls, Sunday and long hours, cannot earn more than 30s. Provisions are cheaper than they were, certainly ; but wages I have found fall faster and sooner than provisions, SO CHEAP TEA AND SLTGAB'S LITTLE BENEFIT." vehenu beforetr i RAPID nont whwei were irLee u he l -rpTdiaEnl Mayor,Rp of their friends, in a i l' ehb r nle A ei. K o Is minutesNttoihGenee. One of oo ? o d fp n m y ri l ot , MsdALuLoc produce , . d u a l , , i : oti le 5 s ie0000 : 0 0 1 , 1 1, ' ; , ' o i butter from four quarts of cream. The - lev' ed reee ° 10 1 its great simplicity. It operates on a .- c -, the • as was acknowledged by all who witnesl is 0, 1 The mechanical action o f th e a i r , whit be'' the cream in such a man ner th a t a theroug Ow re°o the particles takes place, prevents the c p i on the surface, and does its work with o ,,,a t h ° o ,I and in the most complete manner. -`„,'" tsfr o y i experiment of Monday exceeded the ex ll- ,.,t el i f ' before whom it was made; the s tateree' o lo', 0 , exhibitors being that the butter would b : eAftSir ' Iti:ie ti , cream in twelve minutes, and from reil k 2vono ,;, t t o ' tt lke, The butter was washed in the churn L').aill i ' h s fa lit i ,t+l '' milk, putting in cold water, and Prf,, -- pdio, ' 14 k • '4 1 1% kr against the sides of the churn, moving '''":o,ila 7 I„; k ila Nt oi lor Ri o and forwards, and changing the water . , , I. l l 'tpl4 l ' s ln4 on clear. , it t ; 0 i tl / 4 1 'k k t;' , N h , i a 7heZ l e i EMIGRATION AND RAGGED SCIIO OI ', - .. 0 0 , il s, , 1 k0 ) ., 11 9 V N I ." Wit held last week on behalf of five Voutive, ie ff , t . 6 1 . 0 'h 0'h,1, 11 England, from the Ragged Dormitori, a Asll ti o li i , lin 4 Nl'alitZTh e street, Westminster, the chairman, LI A ise e pe ) ,1 , ‘ t k't p„,The ° it on the intending emigrants to address tr o frej e 0 , , . 1 ,,, 'N<Z ... l4i Ls l ' l. ! out of the five ascribed their fall to ta,, e a p,' , ' 6 tatß,,, ' saloons and theatres; and they all „,..re lB "eci ,hilf ' ;N\ i ,.. 4 ,,, kt trk", AN, which they had been brought to the /wig to , A , , ' ,Ti t t , i t t , 4 ~... , ,wie, ~ the:hope with which they looked fool's,. ~,,,- , ,i„, li t v, st. fate. The last—Stephen Whitehead, 8 , 51 ; 4 °0 11 i4 1 ,1 1 ,,' 11 ^7 4 r0h...... 11 1 , 41 gent-looking lad, of one or two-an""" - ,, olp , . ~ , 4,..t Ls -. A,, emotion that he had, unfortunatelY , ; e s" ~.1 ' , ) 1 1, , I , lc" e ,, ll ,a(li t i tale to tell than any one who had aP?„„'' i; 0 1 41 4 1' ~,'N'ith,_ " rori i before he had lost his mother. She TV 'i f . ' Ifl itif:,,.oiii ... " -- - v , with her endeavours honestly to suPPa r , g lo ll o , 4 l i ll .' I . It kii' rlitt -a b at length expired in the workhouse, a j ol 6 , 0 1 4, 'ia tk ,c a i i : a fc carried by two men. (At this point, 01 :vbitell s r , i' . , l sliki li ,,,, 1 out the greater part of the narrative , r og elsil ;i t l kfk -re at much affected that he was frequently 9u de 0' i 4t k rtititt:tathi to his tears.) He had seen her with beans . I,! c i s ol '' I , k ,• 11 ri1! 1i k ,..41: 1 , 0 _ to the burial ground, and deposited ~,i - 0,0, ) I„kl4i , lit., - - ti „,, 'l , ' • - -‘ , ll, would not describe the scene. It ' c- b • t,,,,, ,t h that, after the funeral, he was brougbt . ,: c le ,' ' „_,%„-ek b; e. ; thiovue,set—iehded, down o d atobrtohtehehrawtehdo h w t as liks l : o ;w : o - 0 0 0.1 10 8 , , i. k ..iszi ,, kk 4,4 ; country—in a word, a convict. He r, by it 01 VIII 4 the workhouse, but was contaminateu, gt o p k iti rm fo o r r taminated. He called upon the mee t : io n ptedo k i \ l i t i tit :; l heriel d position, and think of the course he a A big . ) th : I lti t 4 ll 4 the walls of the workhouse, and fou n d look m fr r ik e ., ~ a ro enc, unfettered in the middle of a street, 8111 ,.,,e5!,`e i Wands subsistence. There were but two oc u 'i e osluis ~ 4sil , t ki t steal. He had never been taught to ,of t i p, sk , v i l e ele t.. 1.4 j irnegsDao loaf, sibltoagseantti,sfyanhdu:tgaekri:gbea w lea en f:,: bi l et p uiege f lr it ' 4 e 4 I° r It perience) begging was considered country much more disgraceful tha i n ti ,,fe 'l : o lll ; lll : 3l '; ; . 14 1i ti , t1b- A l I llitf l e tlh 'l n4 rrui ty 4 0 14 11 ,446 : for the accomplished burglar ; bu, Wig' (Role pooh : 0 ' . ft Ili AYr lady's pocket in Cheapside he t was coil ~0 0e d o h ~ '‘' Nth% 2. ! mill and a prison. When released, he ' t he O A re , Ni l .,, been made for him, and was cast loose uPI,,, e rjes , it t ki t kitt i tpL4 ~._ as when he entered. Prison disciPu":, 0 1 0 1 ; 3 0 Vi t :ill t Z 14,l e rt: effect in reforming the criminal, bec 11 4100 4 00 10„0# ' - iiat iie %ii t i. e l: compulsory, and every one had to ' ci s cli„ is cit / liOtb, 'r\ e4 l ,, l ,, igerii blished rules and regulations. Ragg e e iple 7 , YtVt A , (4 4 true antidote to crime, for their Pr' il it a 5 0 _ 3 , 1 f ro ' i ° ' ,e)tZ,V, A adherence to their voluntary lawa• A 0 0 1 17 00 h 1,4"11t 1 1 ', 4 ,..,1'0f,,, 141 , 1 1. like a blessed dream since he hl"heard Z io , i 4 j r )iayik..iV,Zotric e . AI school, for it was there that he had beard j,iS k'e,ic school, for it was there that lie s jooo ';Orir ' Ni rr N i lk*• - ;' of love and kindness uttered to hi° a - a 0- 0 9 ,- .- bold," F ' 3 ' died. Kind words, he said, opened,. ovia , vi a i . , 1 1 114 , 44 ,k 4r ii.... Le : warm sunshine does the petals of a P t he cl o t ipe r Oir I' l 4 l, 14 ,k 44: 41 Y words of harshness shut them fraa l I prea s , iiis krat ol k °kr, nla, them for ever. He then ended bY . e WI 4 4. , it ol h tu e d eo e m f i o o r a wh h a e t rea h f a te d r be a e n n h d o o n n e e st for an h a lta i "oef eh t to 0 1 , Sl44.tfi lkiol el l :A irl cd o i 3 1 1(1 r Iv society. __The e ar r ice c o A O Vo k ,_Rt,thp v. ...,...; 1 FINE FLOWING RINGLETS• ape ti , rj s t z e) :‘nth, .ork infants and young children is, 1 , 3 1, ‘ m ote: 4 o s irj . N I i tclikfr oi 4 1 and nurses, too little regarded- l'u t org l lo ,l r Of t lo t ._tt;t high injurious than the supposition tha w . ...el 1' ~, , 134 1 ,5 47 oi t taii I?, oilo ok ticular can continue with ilnP un t be ea' ,j, l O ' , il:wi;:t4,,,si;', l l,l strength or weakness are laid in it of /ti es'r e j 'j , " 1 ,4 1 qt ""ith A;i l a majority of the fine flowing ringl_' 41 'p c b i k eot lit , al after years, are traceable to this cep (~' N i l t tai t) t , (l lll T it RIDGE'S BALM OF COLUMBIA, °.; prod 00 ,, . ) I ,lterekq e With 1 genial and invigorating qualitie- I c " ol i s rlf • , A 1 0 1 / Ilylo p itiq.li e :at A storing the growth of the hair . P for APS. ei it ' ' 'IVL of .(I li etic e : at eery ec ry cor w di h n e g re to pe th rs e o p n r a i l nt a e i d di - i °l2 tijabc ° l l'ii lir A -40 rk 4 t , klk 11l daring the tender years of infan• and c bele- 14., s i age s a n r o a el b s be" e d , i l i ttio c ti ,.' 4 9, h es tion should be witho it. For e t h,. r,icb',.. i . A t \., % ti l l t j,....kitt ~1 1 tl balm is pre-emin:. . A 50° o r guri r obl'or: i I 1 / 4 , clat: appearance, witbA gentle weivei be och ta if t , i "'Pe ), 44 d 1 4, luxuriant, and4raceful,. being • the btlilou ' , 4 ,, 1 v!t,mee t ' its use. Foicleanaing the hair.. _..., pities ,' l ff 104,_11r o , s tit s t. able, as it effects this essential 0 1 11°;;repiol \ Qi2,3 1 74, 1,711, ht arr the an n g a ati titrit 4at l, moisture ; o ind un f e lf i t ztu P o g rep l 7 oo. ' or d ii i , ' 1 1 4 4 1 : 44 \4 1. % 441 , 41,i N c it, t i t c who use,..orilinary detergent in 6i , so 09,, ' 4l 4)rwift Price3s 6d., 01.1) JOU remove scurf. • k for i,no I ,- iblii i no other prices are 13 ,Wellington-street North, D P ' de genuine. 1te...--.0, P- 0 01 g ~7 •5 .0 0 1 14 0t ° ". /:94106.31huutehiompkteeleoprars.04pperstase ~peS;nll s, O"e at 48tant Cc e . t.u, kip , , he 44 at w it ot Z th it tr ot , 4,oh,r4'ort. ' 1 rni a, 411'd Otneral gtiOrellanp. The Birmingham subscription (in the very seat and centre of the arts) to the exhibition of ]B5l is £3lB. Lord Gough was entertained at a splendid dinner in Bath on Thursday. The man Foster, who attempted to murder his wife and then cut his own throat, at Bacup, has died. His intended victim is recovering. A respectable married woman, named Sanderson, living at Hoxton, near London, is in custody for killing her child in a moment of frenzy. The number of persons who visited the British Museum on Easter Monday was 27,046 showing an increase of 6,041 as compared with Easter Monday last year. Fifty-four young females have been selected from the Newcastle Workhouse to be despatched as emigrants to Australia. The success of Madame Sontag at Paris has been im mense. She reappeared at Her Majesty's Theatre on Thursday, and was warmly welcomed. Her Majesty's Theatre opened in full force on Tuesday evening, with native talent, Miss Catherine Hayes and Mr. Sims Reeves playing the principal parts in Lucia di Lammermoor. The Botanic gardens in Glasgow, in pursuance of ar rangements made by the Town-council, are to be opened gratuitously to the working classes on the two days of each of the present and two next months. On Good Friday a dispute took place at Kingswood, near Bristol, and two men commenced fighting, during which one stabbed the other in the neck, and he died in a few minutes. On the morning of yesterday week, a fire broke out at the Neath Abbey Iron-works, which are situate adjoining the ruins of Neath Abbey, Glamorganshire. The damage is estimated at about £3OOO. At Marlborough Police-court, on Monday, Mr. Bing ham fined three military men, and three of their compa nions, £5 each for having been found in a gaming house at No. 14, Jermyn-street, and James Jones, doorkeeper of the house, £lO. _. _ At Kirkwall a large barque was lost near the island of North Renaldshay, on Saturday week, and every soul be longing to her perished. The number cannot at present be satifactorily ascertained, but the loss of life is very se rious. At a coroner's inquest, held in London, on- Monday, the jury referred to the great . and increasing nu m b er o f illegitimate children, and gave it as the i r opinion " th at i t is the duty of government to prov ide a suitable national asylum for the reception of illegitimate children." SIGNIFICANT COINCIDEN C E.— It may he mentioned that in the newspapers published in the agricultural dis• tricts appear, side by side with " farms to be let," " sales of farming stock," not a few advertisements of " desirable vessels for Adelaide, New York, 4 4 ./!. A most alarming fire took place at the village of Cot tenham, near Cambridge,, on. Thursday evening, by which 40 farms and cottages were laid waste and destroyed. Nearly the whole• village is levelled with the ground. The Methodist chavalwas dannyed.. The loss is estimated at 418,001). a i ) 1 851 I - - - ' I Oft • ‘ NEW PRINCIPLE or Coli° 'ußsbAy - ---. --46.... 4 tPattl •••---- w ood 1... 41 -•iatar, y Amongst the many beneficial appll d y,eno:iove, Bennett b s u e r seena nce Cfroemnip ouran y.' ' rative system, is one which has receatli' ~,e rtntr e ll- - -Cr ti , : n i s' 0 Ju n - al and for the carrying out of which a ui"" ~ it a* na CA !lament, to form a company called " th e , ' '.t, lio a ( i k k '.), Gew 'Alexa nd !or, C; ..,0 '1 af Carle o -: gration from the overstocked labour 1 2111 . Q ue rlarlet; o :l ll try to Western Australia ; and for this P ' -te - 4Scots:' ; advertising T h The obj e c c o t l columns, t t i l l s e , Pis. mule ' 2ilti ll i : l i lrchud'er7 Fli t :,• : contr a '''' 'Brow first instance, they have obtained n be 4, • rh ...,..2 . ! ment for extensive grants of land, o t he '' e '' l,b e e n tes tor s yr , a price which will enable them to sell o o it 'l,h en s-4 for c ons tiers at about 2s. 6d. per acre. Th e n o sit , Z e i s illeric e ? o r Kiel, consists in the mode by which allotolrebso ~,2 . l.len, f orat L e for. It is proposed to apply to land P_,tief ' h er t:stOwn . g bled to secure the possession, on aro v ` w . ot ' "enee a ciple of life assurance, by which eaett To 0 0 . t), liT ter e. , ,hence 1 reserving his capital to invest in clearuN , li,,_ _ 'Mho an estate to be paid for by reasonable 1 ... girl ' ' l llner, ki , provements. The principle will perllP_'oo stood by the following explanation of ; c ue' system, as given in the companY ' s P r°s a, 0 "In an ordinary Life Insurance CoMPti l e 0 1 Policy entitling him to the payment , a t ;paill period, of a certain sum. For this hePer:, - 10 r A a Premium sufficient to produce that s,ur i , r eCI;O in that time with profit. But if A want eu ,Go, l3l ,,d at the beginning instead of the end of the "...str I to pay, in addition to the Premium, an intei-joll, the money. The Colonization Assurance CT pe l money, offer him Land, at a rent, for a liinl.4l calculated, to be (like the money in the ol i. bf l ;4o the end of the term, and to be enjoyed hYu l t i i ;k4 resulting from their assistance in the mea n die "Tables are calculated for Life and for i v years. Two examples may suffice: — 30, 01 .. 4 4441 4 , 44 "According to Table of Life.—'A, ago, Arl "' the Company of the annual premium , re d k; 'll,,k4 t i t henc, into immediate possession of one Hullu n ' e fetr i p • ca . 44 l ,Ltli Land, value .100. chosen by himself; W e e Z4nati • • tlit i i til -I llitu. - ' u l , ! if it be within the first year, the Land „",,bet 1 . tleb,lt "kS property of his representatives, without fare' , Tio a ltN._ "According to Table .for Fifteen Yea r ‘,.. 10J .., ' '4: l / 4 ° l payment to the Company of the annual Prelpir -; , GA' k rtrt fo is put into immediate possession of one i it' i ' 1144 , c Good Land, value ‘eloo, chosen by himself. fa i „I „ 1 7,6_ ~.4114,,,. tki llo, fifteen years, the payments cease, and the to 1M 4 1 „, 14 'S% NlN,Yect. own. And if he die sooner, it becomes, e5., 1 ,"„ . 4 l' ' , % Tel( the property of his representatives, 1 1 ' 1- '';, • gI s "SN ' li .Pt ' ment.' " real • * et . 41 In addition to the advantages hereoffeJfi I._ a.,!` t Vitla will have in the colony an experienced stet 071 e,, - Itlfri l ,' guide emigrants by their advice and 8551 O r , Att e l'e l ta.„ vernment have undertaken to provide asst e , • Itt o A' - e st,tlita, such public works as may be required at le t ' 414, t, iL l o q 3V pense, sending out, however, a freeoerehO , ; r pNl•k: N I ki t iz ti a l h ; prisoner thus employed. A nurnber of, 1 "." 6 ,l'' ~ 4 na ' , t er , - are also to be located there, and will, t' let li 'cl ; If e e at Ni• a highly valuable body of settlers. , 1 tq 14 ;i1:,, 6 4. ' l es; 14 . : t rn k. , , 11,_ ....................... ......... " Altux II Ite e ett C B, Ctrty, Longfo rd t t l n " , ad' 1 l i tr i ' 1 4 Y, Dar ' IlErk r i t rids ; I and j int, D i , )44 4 Y, he n „ Y, w ed fit hei s" Feces, THE REVENUE' ,) goer An Abstract of the Net Produce of the '- - , vng Britain, in th e Y ears an d Q uar ters 0 1 1ie 1849, and sth of April, 1850, showing Decrease thereof. „ ft 5._9 1 0 QUARTERS ENDED orsattleiwin 0,12N 011 4 4 ?I, ( sie C It est e . E n O e t re kl6.Mtl°Al aver, 0, 441 ;1i tl Hard, 1, ...!t04 1 ; NI on cintlng 1849. f 1850. s £ £ 4,593,119 4,432,5 84 38:v 1,820,575 1,859, 473 1,549,171 1,538,125 ,),I'3l/,, 148,101 177,2 31 o,ob, Customs Excise.. Stamps. Taxes .. —.,,....,... ~- Property T ax .. 2,011,519 2,069,608 Di. Post Office.... 234,000 231,000 '.., Crown Lands.. 40,000 40,00 0 ',„ / Miscellaneous . 98,792 47,9 60 .....:.,, a Revenue... 10,495,277 10, Total ordi 395,981 nal-) 126 1 11 China Money.. .... .... ~.• A ' r .cre etked l a ' dr al Ihh ; r ile Pt P'---Th e atzthek ,)Thew. 3 be Gal binscal .xt eilt . fo orstr p e va i:•*--reA L. Arthr„, .... .... Imprest &other 9 li Moneys .... 204,361 301,757 A Repayments of 3, 17 Advances... 87,648 91,40 0 ......./, --- /0 Total Income. 10,787,286 10,789,140 25,41'1 Deduct Decrease .!:,.., Increase on the Quarter.. n 3 0 lo u ":" - A. any / YEARS ENDED APRIL iri Ct 2 i 1849. I 1850. O li reek!' , 4r 4 kh o , Th e al aq to the L ke t e .a r at e glo;i4e Customs 19,129,829 Excise 12,650,114 Stamps . 6,041,35] Taxes 4,318,903 Property Tax 5,317.244 Post Office 789,000 Crown Lans lOO,OOO Miscellaneous 18,535,2 63 , 12,792,71 3 6,354,429 di'4'o7S 4,332,979 .:90u, 5,466,248 04:000 803,000 160000 160,000 , 198,410 ' A , w el , eat s _ f I' s, Plash ash;araco, t a- II 4 ; . gt,Ne' 41\ 1 1 0%44 Jaq u r , t\ L N'ah ar prg N°igh er ' , V 1 1 11) t ! I ke Bt 'Fr 'hen n a at t e , at ( I ,h4t i aci t 4 at R !, 4, for from Total ordinary Revenue.. . 48,490,092 China Money.. 84,284 Imprest & other Moneys .. epaym ent s of Advances... 427,761 --- Total Income . 49,667,430 Deduct decrease 11 ,511 1 48,643,042 656,85 5 553,349 2 2 Y, 49,853, Increase on the Year 7 : 6: ....4 0 3 8 6 1 :5 1:, 101 665,293 l kiled , -.rot, : 4 .1 "n h ,,aeob , nee , h ence ed kar c h ,