The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-01-19 00:00:00

think that he, with a view to escape his duties, ever wen through them in a slight or frivolous way. " I believe the chaplain was in ill health when no prayer were read. I have seen D r . B uc k very ill i n preac hi ng. have alway s understood that was the reason the schoolmas ter acted. I also have read the prayers in the afternoon m Sundays. Sometime ago the chaplain was sick, and in con suleration of his weak state, it was agreed between the go vernor and chaplainthat I should read the prayers. Di . Buck generally comes in soon after." The following medical evidence was taken during my de fence, and is here introduced : Richard Kay says—l am a surgeon, formerly of Chorley now of Liverpool. Questions . i,ut to him by D. Buck, and the witnesses an- savers to such questions. - Arc yon the medical attendant upon me and my family ? Since the summer of 1837. Were you introduced to me through Dr. Pendlebury, of Manchester ? Yes, sir. Do you, from your knowledge of my constitution, thins tie likely to be greatly-excited wore than most men on seein; - - - 'cruelty and wrong If 1 might speak somewhat technically, Dr. Buck is Of a sanguineo-nervous temperainent—l should say easily ex citeable. On many occasions, after his return front his du ties at the gaol, he has appeared to um to suffer more than I think most men would have done, from havi - vented, as I understood _peen pre , trom discharging many little duties vhich he considered incumbent upon him as a minister. What has been ti Late of my health dud' last two years ? It has beer often lave youever cautioned me to ;elf as much as pos- chronic bronchitis, which I have checked creased by over smear .e than Bible rn readin i , Often. The doctor is now ti is likely to he the doctor over and over a nave you ever seen me gre, after my return from duties at ti Repeatedly. Do you think my labours in the gaol have had any effect it deteriorating my present health ? I think they have increased the bronchial affection a goo( deal. exhausted immediatel aol? Do you know that, during the month of flicted with any cutaneous disorder ? This last summer, sometime. I cannot Sp( Were the members of my family lat. complaint ? Two daughters, Mrs. Buck Name the disease Scabies. • May, I was of nirini under thesam the true itch or itch— Did my family, in - consequence, proceed to the Lie of AI Yes, sir. - How long %vere they away? I have no knowledge of the time, hut they were away se veral weeks. From what you have seen of ine in private life, do you be lieve me worthy of credit? I have always thought :it Have you found me s dealings Always. From what you know of sion of my character as a mat As far as I have seen, you able ; and I should four times a day in the yards, and perhaps six, but I cannot say, as it is a long time back. I refer to the Sunday services during the alterations of the chapel. I should say generally that good to u certain extent has been done by his ministry among the prisoners. I have been deeply affected by his I believe members of my faii)ily_liave I hear( isoners say they have been, and I shouldthink from their tears in the chapel it was so." Sehoolmader.—" Dr. Buck usually preaches with great warmth. I have reason to think, from my office, that his ministry has b een use f u l an d va l ua bl e i n the gaol." " I have never heard from him a doctrine_ opposed to the 39 articles. He is habit of exhorting pri soners to moral conduct, and obedience to the rules of the prison. I never heard him preach a sentiment calculated to make the prisoners disobedient to the rules." " I think I have never heard the chaplain utter a sentence in that chapel which could pain the feelings of prisoners of another persuasion." Law.— :now the proportion •of Roman Catholics is more than any other. I know it from their own assertions in taking descriptions. The Roman Catholics attend chapel." " I believe the chaplain was in ill health when no prayers were read.!' I have seen Dr. Buck very ill in preaching. I have always understood that was the reason the schoolmaster acted." " Ido not remember one ease of a Roman Catholic r( sing to yo to chapel on account of Dr. Buck preaching or their religion. He has often told them, if they wished tt he would get then stay away on conscientious principles - - leave. .1 think I have heard of liornan Catholics expressing their delight at attending the chapel. I have often heard prisoners ask to go to chapel."* Buckley.—" When living at Kirkdale I usually attended Mr. James's ministry. I have heard the chaplain preach pretty often. Ido not think the doctrines he preached are oppoSed to those of the Church of England. When any re markable events happen, such as deaths,—Dr. Buck takes notice of them, and tries to improve the consciences of the prisoners. He has done so several times. He constantly exhorts them to moratconduct, repentance, and prayer. He ' -"-- has taken the prison rules, gone through the wards ' and in culcated obedience to them on the prisoners. I haveave wit nessed a great burst of emotion among the prisoners during his preaching. I have approved greatly of his ministry. 1 have walked from Kirkdale on Sunday night twice to his re sidence to hear him preach. I cannot say that I have heard anything from . Dr. Buck in my opinion contrary to the doc trines of the church." Mahon.—" I cannot say that any female prisoner has com plained to me of the subject matter of Dr. Buck's sermons. believe the females in general like to attend the chapel. I think they would consider it ayunishment to be kept away." ...... School-mistress.—" The catholic females have never mani fested any disinclination to Dr. Buck's attention. They once told me of his mentioning something in his sermon which offended them. They said it was that the catholics worship ped images.l - I told them tha,t they must have misunderstood him. Only that once have I herird them complain." Surgeon.—" I have found some of the prisoners have been greatly pleased with what Dr. Buck has said to them, that others have felt indignant at what has been said to them with regard to points of doctrine. I should rather say one, not others, of the prisoners. There is one man, a butcher, who appeared indignant at what Dr. Buck had said to him as to what salvation depended on. Dr. Buck told me he thought he was not right in his mind." This is the testimony of officers of a prison where more than 600 persons are confined. After the chaplain has preached nearly 1000 sermons in the place. His ministry, he ventured to believe, would not be thought to have been very injudici ous, nor his partial disuse of forms any very grievous or un pardonable offence,—considering that nearly 12,000 prisoners have been under his instruction, professing every variety of creed. I believe I have gone through my answer to this charge in a way that will satisfy you that I have not purposely avoided any part of it. I really had the bishop's permission, though he thinks that permission was only limited to week day duty. I honestly tholight I had that permission, and made such entries into my journal as - could not fail to arrest the attention Attie ma gistrates, and of the inspector of prisons. I made a bona tide division of services, which was not departed from, nor the schoolmaster allowed commonly to take the afternoon prayers, until the state of my health required the rest thereby obtained. • I have faithfully and fully performed more than every duty required of me, without unnecessarily wounding the feelings of those obliged to hear me. I have studied their comfort, their welfare, without sacrificing any essential truth; and men have been benefited. That I shall be able to satisfy the Bishop of Chester, I have no doubt ; I hope my reply may be deemed as satisfactory by the gentlemen I now ad dress. NINTH CHARGE, AND CONCLUDING CONSIDERATION. Ninth.—Whether the general conduct of the chaplain has, from the evidence produced, tended to union amongst the officer, and the general good government of the prison. Tenth.—The consideration of the chaplain's fitness for his peculiar office, as adduced from the general evidencs on this enquiry. - Upon the ninth charge, which is so indefinite, and the con cluding query, so completely a matter for the solemn expres sion of your opinions, I shall say but few words. You know the governoei habits and manners ; you have had before you, in committee, so many instances of his jea lousy concerning the chaplain's office ; so many proofs, in evidence, of his family's interfering with matters with which they had no right to intermeddle, that really it would lie miraculous, even if ruling the prison in the usual open man ner of fair dealing between man and man, I could have avoid ed collision with him. But if you take into consideration his office, as proved in evidence, to have been conducted' on that, to my mind, most objectionable.principle of espionage, you will acknowledge, that were I an angel from heaven, perfect tranquility could not be preserved for any length of time. I forbear, from motives you will appreciate, to refer to proceedings going on hand in hand with those now holding On several occasions I have been in collision with the go vernor, and so would any other man of feeling and of educa tion have been. I will endeavour, from memory, to recapi tulate the results. I made a complaint, soon after the inspector's last visit (for my miseries began then), concerning the dungeons, and instances of cruelty, connected, as I thought, with m did not think my complaint at that time, in re he dungeons, well founded, and therefore repri- The latter part of the inquiry, so far as 1 have heard, was never inquired into. This was in November, 1838. Soon after you returned me your thanks for bringing instance of oppression against a prisoner. The is the copy of a letter addressed by me to the visit- followir ing magistrates, 31st August, 1838 :—" The chaplain has to report to the magistrates that he has this morning been re fused permission to visit a boy, confined in a dark cell. He will feel obliged by the magistrates deciding whether, under any circumstances, the chaplain can be kept from visiting any prisoner."—This matter was inquired into, and set upon a proper basis, it being fully explained that no such power was - governor. Then followed the case of a turnkey, scharged, on my complaint, for striking a boy. dispute about the psalmody, of which you vested in th whom you llowed aware I ought always to have hid the direction. Afterwards, on the occasion of the governor reprimanding me, and that most uncourteously, in presence of his clerk, you obliged him to apologise to me. The resolution entered thus reads on your minutes : must be " The committee is of opinion that, upon the governor's own admission, he made use of expressions towards the chaplain which were improper, and such as ought to be ex plained ; and that the conduct of the chaplain in the affair was correct." This minute is dated August 6th, 1839. On a subsequent occasion, on the governor refusing me the use of the incident book, you reprimanded him ; and lastly, for keeping the transports from chapel, and treating me con temptuously, through his turnkey, you entered a reproof against him in your journal, beating date August 4, 1840, thus expressed : " The chaplain having stated on his journal, that he came to the prison on the afternoon of Sunday last, intending to address the convicts under sentence of transportation, who were to be taken to the hulks on Tuesday next, and prepared to do so ; be found they were not in chapel, the exact time of service being thought by the governor most suitable for them to write letters to their friends ; and the chaplain and the governor having been heard by the committee, and the governor having admitted that, when Thomas Spurr, the turnkey, delivered to him the message from the chaplain respecting the convicts, he had threatened to dismiss him if he at all interfered with any orders relating to the convicts. " Resolved,—That it is the opinion of the committee that such want of courtesy to the chaplain is calculated to weaken the respect which all the officers of the gaol ought to have for the chaplain." Now, gentlemen, so far as I can remember, these are all the collisions which have occurred between the governor and me since February, 1838, in most of which you coincided with me. Is it then fair to condemn me because the gover nor has not known how to conduct himself towards the chap lain of your prison ? N.s to the turnkeys, with one or two exceptions, I do in conscience believe you could not more severely, distress c maker ll peace as circumstances could union arm to the con meanings a dec - .1 - These were all school girls. them (though their feelings being aroused on one point by the presence of the inspector, 1 can get no support from them at this moment) than by your dishonouring me by an adverse verdict. They know me to be their friend; they know well that, far from having disputes with me, when they have been at variance wit' C • •kle dispositin- ...-h the governor, (from his he. . utsposition a 3mmoa concurrence,) I have always been applied to as the _ _ _ 1 will repeat what I have already said, that during the last eighteen months there has been comparative peace in the have warranted any reasonable man in expecting, from the close contact of such materials as the officers of your prison, and I now speak of them from th e hi g h es t t o t h e l owest , o f course iocluding The government inspector has seriously called you to con sider whether the conduct of the chaplain has tended to Beers of the prison - , thence leading you usion that his remaining in office is not for the good of the public service. Now, let me ask you, if there has been a want of union, whether that ought not rather to be ascribed to that under plot, that undermining conduct. whibli has characterised the government of the borough lain has done, er prison, rather than to any thing the cl could have avoided. Papers, deeply affecting the character of a minister of Christ, were, at the governor's order, pre pared by turnkeys, from memory, from impressions after hearing a particular discourse, and this at a time when the governor was at variance with the chaplain. He did not dare to produce them at the time when they could have been fully replied to. The governor shews the chaplain an entry in his journal of dubious wording—l should rather say, that might mean anything or nothing,—tells him it means one thing—tells the justices at the time that it had no meaning— and sustains their .reprimand without wincing. And now, many months having elapsed, he tells you on oath it had two On the one hand he meant to call upon you for ration of your intentions as to prison discipline, your private instructions to him as to visitors being at variance with your public orders; and on the other hand he meant to con vey an imputation against me, although my name does not occur in the entry in his journal, nor any one word from which it might be inferred that I was pointed at. During the intervals two or three instances of discourteous conduct towards the chaplain are reproved by you. chaplain, not knowing the under plot, receives the dat . . of :his enemy into the bosom of his own family—at" Mr. Batcheldor's request, agrees to take charge of his prison as his' deputy. This person, who tells the justices that the chaplain was the only officer of the prison in whom he could pldce confidence, and against whom he was retaining secret written charges, a week afterwards produces papers deeply affecting the character of the man he had all along under the guise of friendship been evidently intending to represent as having fomented rebellion in the prison. You will learn, I am persuaded with pain and indignation, that the most underhand proceedings have been resorted to, for the puirpose of bringing evidence against me - rity has been made the medium , for inducing Even elm :eusations. a shilli ng , t o a re ft igve on i e l)re - meeting with two prisoners jut dischar ge d, an d t h en , the mome n t a f ter this s la e d nt n i i i a ec ie ess k i n ty " .. n his poverty, gave gift, coolly i nqu i re d, " W'hat kind of a man is the chaplain? Can you give anY information as to irregularities on the part of the chaplain ?" - Oh, gentlemen ! my soul sickens at the thought of such proceedings. I have answered the charges preferred against me, in a way which will, I trust, have met your approbation. That I am innocent—that I have been defamed—that my feelings have been greatly outraged, I believe the Inspector of Pri sons will now think ; and, unless I be greatly deceived, he 41 be of the. first to confess, though some of my remarks niay have been painful to him, that he had taken an errOne oits view of my character. •* After this evidence, who caiTjustrraccuse Dr. Buck of sectarianism ? nietly true and upright in rn. neral, state your impres and a minister of religion ? always been strictly honour is a man, and a minister, I have al ways considered you • • Do you think my performance of entire Sunday duties twice daily, must have greatly distressed by bronchial. affec• tion ? I should not advise you to perform the entire duty ; inas much as I believe that public reading is more distressing tha extemporaneou3 speaking. Question by Captain Wiliam first called by Dr: B —When your attention wa - ,ktiaticuub msease, sutiering solely under it, or were others of his family same time? Dr. Buck first spoke of an irratation of skin which he.ha( already spoken of to Mr. Archer, who had advised him to d, sotnething, but what I cannot now recollect ; and I advisee him, whatever it was, to give it a trial, without looking at th. 'octor's skin. I was then visiting other members of th. As far as my recollection will carry me, two or thre weeks after that, my attention was directed to a daughter, on which occasion I pronounced her to be suffering from itch, when I was told that her papa's eruption was somewhat si milar, and when I next saw him, I found it to be itch also. After that three others of the family became subjects of the same disease. Doe this disease ever come on at first in a milder form, so as not to be contagious, being vescecular in the first instance, and afterwards pustular ? Itch is always contagious, whether vescecular, or pustular. Do non-contagious eruptions, iu the first instance, ever change into itch ? I should say not. RICIIAILD K Taken on oath, J. Walmsky. Cetificate of Dr. Sutherland.—About three months ago the Rev. Dr. Buck consulted me as to the state of his health He was suffering from relaxed sore throat, and general lan . . guor of th e cons tit ut i on, which, to a certain extent, he Is still affected with, and I have all along been of opinion, that his complaints have, to a considerable degree, arisen from his occupation as chaplain of the gaol. J. SUTHERLANT Liverpool, 21st Oct., 1840. 1 think it right to prove to you that motive for employing the schoolmaster, but simply the weight of duty f a lli ng upon me on th e S un d ay , when in a very feeble :ess was not n: state of hea!th, brought onTas I verily 'believe, and greatly increased. by the severe nature and extent of my duties. Observe, first, the voluntary duty amongst the debtors, preaching every Wednesday night in their ward until illness obliged me to desist. " Report, 29th October, 1838.—Before my;health had suf fered by over much exertion, I instituted a weekly sermon and service in the debtors' ward, which was attended by nearly every person in confinement. On looking to my journal, at the date June 3d, 1838, you ivill find that I preached three sermons; December 9th, three; December 16th, three; December 23d, four: De- ember 30th May 30th, foz officiated for me amongst the boys the untried met e entry and the misdemeanants, as I perform r t when fully convince you, t your &e , g,CCS. These ektracfs will, I trust, in health, I have n ever fli nche d f rom per t. forming he duties. I hope that where there has been an apparent avoid ance of fatigue, it will be ascribed to its right motive. I proceed to the consideration of the charges of mutila tion, omission, and superfluity. Either the entire short morning service has been used, or the entire litany and communion services, or simply the en, tire litany with a chapter, or with the psalms of the day- In one or other of these f ways been conducted by me. You have been informed in the evidence that the comm u lion ser v i ce h as riot heart f read so frequently of late as or merly, th e reason you have had in my since _ replya few minute liree ways morning praye As to ever having wilfully neglected to read the absolution or the creed, I utterly deny it as untrue. I may through lapse at the moment have omitted a single prayer, on an oc casion ; but wilful systematical omission - I deny in the strongest terms which the decencies of life will permit. It is absolutely contrary to matter of fact. I have always prayed for Prince Albert, as the consort of the Queen of Great Britain; if it be an offence I am willing to be punished for it. I have, however, desisted from the practice, and have read the entire full services, from the. moment Capt. Williams expressed an opinion that I had been doing wrong. I have always performed clerical duties in a master of arts gown, not in a surplice : my reasons were simply that I thought it more comfortable, more suitable to a prison, more cleanly, more convenient. Since my appointment seven magistrates, or eight, and several members of the council, have at various times been present at the chapel service, and have seen me thus attired, thus performing clerical duties ; no one ever yet spoke to me, except in the language of ap probation. The inspector on his first visit saw me thus attired, and made no complaint. Semper yui non prohibet, mandaci creditur. Any departure from mere forms, in a prison, where the minority only profess to be of the Established Church, and where nearly all are absolutely i g norant of the first princi ples of christianitr; any de - parture from forms (without , attention a such• an auditory, I should until now, thought proper, judicious, necessary, and therefore quit justifiable. To impart truth to the Ignorant, has been m) object ; to do which, I have avoided all that could give of. fence; I have held forms at a very great discount, in a place where I witness only ignorance and crime, and consequently You have it in evidence that the service, shortened as it has been, occupies one hour and a half, of which thirty minutes are devoted to the sermon. There cannot, there fore, have been any very extensive omissions. Now when it is considered that during 'this pct' • • LI, the prisoners. very closely seated to each other, on low forms, without any sup port for the back, are subjected to that prison rule which says, " The following are declared to be the acts of disorder and punishable as such—namely, any unnecessary looking round or about (each prisoner being required to look before him) either at divine service, or at work or meals, &c., and that'the interpretation of what is necessary or unnecessary movement, rests with a turnkey; you will surely think that these wretched beings have been detained sufficiently long by tne, Witness to this, the fact of 199 reports in six weeks, and 27 reports on one and the same day, for offences in chapel—the great proportion of these human beings being obliged_to attend the service, though contrary to the convic- Cop . 's of their consciences ; and yOiii will not lose sight of the fact, that many extremely ignorant and even wortnless cha racters, feel keenly on matters affecting their fancied creeds. Consider once again, gentlemen, the evidence runs all one way : that the prisoners like to attend the service—that n dissatisfaction has been expressed—that an indiviC you know will speak out his mind freely and managed to steer clear of giving offence to prim. needlessly arousing angry feelings, but of whom it is wit nessed that they would think it a punishment to be kep_ away. Shall a person, having this hold upon their feelings, and under such peculiarly trying circumstances, be degraded ! dishonoured rejected ! subjected to the pains and penaltie of an ecclesiastical court! for dealing in the truth, rathe than in forms and ceremonies ? You cannot you will not, I am sure, assent to such inj us ti ce . Consider the singularity, the absu r dity of a trial before a ec c lesiastical tribunal, not i n th e case of the Church again Thorogood, but of Christopher Rawdon, Robert Ellison 'Harvey, Richard Vaughan Yates, Esquires, and others, ma gistrates, on behalf of the corporation of Liveipool, against John Buck, D.C.L., Clerk, " For dividing the usual morni ng service. • " For officiating without a surplice. " For praying for Prince. Albert. " For allowing a layman to read prayers." I regret, gentlemen, deeply regret, that such an inquiry, I mean ou such points, should have been instituted. One word to me in private would have led to any change deemed really needful for the good of the prison, or the comforts 01 I's, neve gentlemen. ;the magistracy. • • Now, in reference to these departures from matters of form, I call your attention to some observations which have ,been elicited in evidence, which will shew that good has been effected, religious instruction well and prudently adminis tered. • . , Governor.—" The present morning service, including the sermon, occupies an hour and a half. The sermon occupies ion an average 30 to 35 minutes. " I believe magistrates have attended the service, and seen Dr. Buck without a surplice." The .magistrates have ordered that in the chaplain's absence the service should be read by the schoolmaster." " I believe that Dr. Buck's health has been so weak, that the employment of the schoolmaster has been in consequence of it. I have seen him so bad that he was scarcely fit to go into the pulpit." " I have the opportunity of knowing whether Dr. Buck Performs his duty ill or well. I should not apply the word skulking' to any part of his conduct. Ido not think that he, with a vie w to esca pe hi s d u ti es , ever wen t through them . a slight or frivolous way." I always thou g ht th a t D r . B uc k h as d one ev erything in his power to promote the good and the moral improvement of the prisoners. lam not aware that he ever performed service more freq uen tly th an th e l aw requ i res —l mean i n the chapel ; but he has done it in the rooms, and on various oc casions gone from room to room, when the chapel was unfit for use, and at other times. He has addressed the prisoners .ernen, if laborious exertion, if unwearied dil less of conduct, if a constant endeavour to bear and f tenderness for suffering, if hatred of oppressipn, • •.. , • nreL•cliing ,Idness for my dishonour, you have vino 1 appno ,eAll:',,iy w od for the truth of what I say) abundant cause to dismiss a from your employ, and to hold me up to the contempt of y fellow-men ; but not otherwise, as the Lord is my wit- A. man who will bring the hidden things of darkness to ht—who will not sit quietly and see injustice prepared— brow, and vpthout tear or uismay—may .t ennobled minds will approve him.. I blood Without feeling something of its Influence on my mind : I have manhood' in the profession of arms v.i.thottt being indignam at the imputation of dishonour :" Ihave not exercised for ••. _ _ not passed my youthfu. many years the office of a minister of Christ, without feeling something of the dignity of my p osition amon g st men :—I cannot but hurl back with indignation on the man who im putes dishonour to me, his own charge ; under the firmest conviction, that as charity, 'so true 'elevation, hopeth all things, and, equally with that lovely grace, rather covers than exaggerates the multitude of sins. I should sin against God, aeinst you, and soul, if I - did not fearlessly ' " - walk with God, and claiming - Christ, ibmissi the on the pa inst my own s;iise God and Saviot to reply :)stance of all a the most vital part, to abstain as much as my wounded feel ings would allow, from every thing offensive. I have to re gret having so long detained you. I hope the result will prove it has not been in vain, that I have from the evidence adduced against me, been successful in removing suspicions, in dispersing every doubt, which may have arisen to , my dis- . . advantage. . I claim at your hands a free, full, and honour able-verdict of not guilty.- I claim an honest avowal that you have been in errar. I claim the solemn assurance, that henceforth your chaplain will not be subjected to,the law of espionage (To be continued.) OUR DEAF AND DUMB INSTITUTIONS, AS AT PRESENT CONDUTCTED. TO THE EDITOR 01 LIVERPOOL STANDARD, valuable p. • - trot's of all deaf and d of the Livery Deaf and Dumb institution, auu _ sons who take an interest in those helpless fellow-m,-_ of ours, who cuter into life bearing , in . their imperfect- bodie the marred and withering blight of a fallen world. It is a generally received opinion that education must, ever with the most intellectual mute, be partially defective ; the sure basis with them as well as others, to rest education on, is, the revealed Word of God : some mutes though are dul minded, s . heagl • tion to, y hands, ea be entru of corny children of the poor : if the mute is a girl, her education be paid for by some charitable person at a deaf and dumb h stitution, but what is she to do when it is finished? From he. infirmity, no one is willing to take her as a servant, should robability become a butt for pr, would be destroyed ; if left to until b li even in i of rigt X distre to contempt :c from mere on the sail- - the mutes would have the advanta over the blind, heir id the It:Blind Ii ition to stitution in this town, it is most en expend, b Institution here, yet no it is a rare et to do their work eated in allay of the deaf and dumb institutior currence fc any of them to be retained as servant how destitute they may De. Those institutions are ostensibly for the benefit of mute let them he so in deed, and in truth, let them be homes lc mutes, where the industry of those received, will bring a rid revenue into the institution, where the mute girls that are destitute may be able to find a secure refuge from an evil world, and the mute boys remain if they please; at their•re tive trades taught them there, being paid for their work have served an apprenticeship, trades being taught it would be easy to ascertain. what one, a stlikely to excel in. Embroidery on muslin cannot be well taught to the blind, the mute girls could easily learn it, and it would be most profitable. Constituted as those institutions are at present, they merely commence a good work, without carrying out on a -large scale any prac tical temporal good result to the poor mutes afterwards. The children of the poor sent to the differentinstitutions '`"IP persons, are charged atone insti and at the end of dire( if dull, little the Bette eV it is well known whet._ 'cul dull men are often found to n tradesmen—good shoemakers—good joiner: ,00d tailors, if trades were taught as well as letters, why th dull mute might come out a good tradesman, letting the in stitution reap the full benefit of his work during his appren ticeship, and after, if he chose to remain there, to be. paid what remuneration the institution might think fit to give. much interest lately has been drawn to Deaf and Dumb in the insi boy would be r and paid for by char' tution, thirteen pounds per annum, years they must he removed, some e sum expend, Institutions, sermons have been preached in aid of them, speeches have been spoken, but all without the least refer ence, to secure from the contagion of a bad world, those afflicted,and defective creatures. The Deaf and Dumb Institutions cannot be called chari table institutions' in an enlarged sense at present, they give those ;ire not a permanent home to one destitute mute, all are paid . or who enter them, they arc merely school's, the: teachers, Cu. reaping all the pecuniary benefit. Let the Liverpool In- r2izarcertt home, as well as education and itwill , reap a large reward. If the plan faintly sketched in the foregoing is carried out, there is.not the slightest question but the institution would become equally as prosperous as that for the Blind; parents would be delighted to secure a safe home for their poor children, as well as employment. It may be said that the blind are far more numerous than mutes, comparatively I grant; still, however, mutes are very numerous, and it would not be long before the institution would be. tilled ; any expense that would be incurred would only be in the first instance, in trades, and the funds of t time be increased aying persons to instruct in institution would in a very short Ltuch by the labour of the mutes, and capability of more extensive usefulness. men who have preached in aid ately, to give their attention to ed here, and improve on with tha I earnestly beg t of the Liverpool Institution what has been most humbly sugge the faint outline drawn out. As yet those institutions are but in their infancy On the continent a benevolent individual has lately esta blished printing works, the labour of which is entirely done by mutes. Trusting sincerely that this letter may have the effect of calling forth active exertion on the part of those w it is to promote, as far as human means can do, the hap" ness here and hereafter, of the poor mute faithfully yours. hose wish am, sir, most W. I. THE COURT. WINDSOR, THURSDAY.—Her Majesty, Prince Albert, and the Duchess of Kent, were prevented, by the inclemency of the weather, from taking their accustomed airing. His Royal Highness Prince George of Cambridge and the Earl of Erroll took their departure from the castle this morning. Col. Cowper, equerry to her Royal Highness the Duche of Kent, arrived at the castle this afternoon. The following personages will be included in the royal din ner party this evening . :—Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Rent, the Duchess of Bedford, Prince hsterhazy, Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston, Viscount Duncannon, Viscount Melbourne, Lord Alfred Paget, Lady Fanny Cowper, Lady Fanny Howard, the Hon. Misses Pitt and Paget, Earl Fin gal, lion. C. A. Murray, ColonPl Bouverie, Admiral Sir - R. Otway, Capt. Seymour, Earl of Uxbridge, and the Ladies Eleanora and Constance Paget, and Baroness Lehzen. FIUDAY.—This afternoon his Royal Highness Prince Al- through tt Colonel Bouver n a pony pt Lord town of Windsor. Alfred Paget and attended her Majesty and the prince on Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent has not taken her usual airing to-day. His Highness Prince Esterhazv took his departure from the castle this morning, as did also Viscount and - Viscountes •stop, Lady Fanny Cowper, Viscount Du Cowper annonond The following personageS will be included in the royal din- Her Royal Highness the Duchess of ner party this evening Kent, the Duchess of Bedford, Ea&Fingal, Lord Alfred Paget, Lady Fanny Howard, Hon. Misses Pitt and Paget, Admiral Sir R. Otway, Hon. C. A. Murray, Col. Bouverie t Captain Seymour, Mr. and the Hon. G. E Baroness Lelizen Anson, and JOURNAL OF THE MONEY MARKET. THURSDAY EVENING.—The funds show rather better to day; which may be attributed to the existence of a demand for stock, and.the expectation of a continued demand to settlement and'oPening day for Con the seller of stock to the amount morrow, which' is ti cols. The Bank broker w ±:40,000 ; but it mils the sales werefor account for the Bank, as might be generally supposed; for the Bank broker, like others of the craft, does business, of course, for all respectable clients and connec tions. The brokers were mainly occupied to-dry in the ad justment of " puts and calls," and preparations for the set tlement to-morrow. Consols left off 89i to for this ac count and money, and for the February account 89g. Bank Stock advanced to 105 to 7. India Stock 249 to 251. Ex- chequer Bills 9s. to lls.' premium• FRIDAY EVENING.—The settlement of the account in the Home Market has been a fortunate day for the speculators for the rise, as the demand for stock raised the prices of Con sols to 891 to for money, and 90 to -& for account. The fluctuations during the account now ended have ranged be tween something like about 87-1 and 89k, which, of course, involves a considerable proportion of differences to be liqui dated. These differences have not, however, been of an serious aggregate amount to individual jobbers, as, of course in the regular way of buslness, they are in the habit of " stop ping a loss," or changing their accounts, on any decisive me nifestation of a change in prices. Exchequer Bills were 8: to 10s. Premium, I The Foreigr .nk Stock ad 'Bf to t Western 8 p!emium land 21 to 14 2 discount A ridict oiarket remains without any particular-varia tion. Spanish Active with the Coupons were 24 to *. Por tuguese Five per Cents 31/ to 2*; the Three per Cents 19/ to 20-1, Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents 50-il to § ; the Five per Cents 9SA- to 9. Belgian 971 -to" Si. Brazilian 70-' to 11. Mexican 2' sColombian 231 to /. • Londoi, and Birniing . harn Shares were 82 to 4; Great ) to 31; the Half Shares 14 to 15 ; Gosport 7 to South Western 58 to 9 per share. North Mid ; Brighton 6. to 6; Blackwall 4 to 'lidland Shares 1 discount to par -6 story is going the round of the papers, stating that. rtoyal Highness Prince Albert took a fancy to the fifty guinea horse of a gentleman in Hyde Park, and ulti mately purchased it for 1,000 guineas ! London paper. APPROACHING MARRIAGE IN HIGH LIFE.—We under stand the marriage of the Hon. Miss Spring Rice, daughter of Lord Monteagle, and maid of honour to her Majesty the Queen, and Mr. J. G. Marshall, will be solemnised in the course of the ensuing month. We feel much pleasure in laying before our readers some particulars of an experiment recently made by Mr. Badcock, chemist, of St. James's-street. Mr. B. has inoculated a fine young cow of his own with small-pox ; with the lymph from the animal he has vaccinated his own• child ; and from that child he is now supplying the medical men of Brighton with pure fresh lymph, such as was used formerly by the justly celebrated Dr. Jeuner.—Brighton Gazette. tirni a C DEATH OF A CHILD FROM TOO STRONG - OF A NARCOTIC.-ADJOURNED INQUE k. DOSE 'ST. ned inquest r: as held at the Coroner's leath of John M'Ciregor Kennedy, a Ind seven mouths' old. We furnished the case so far as it had proceeded in our f Friday, and need but here state, that the deceased i soon after three to four drops were given to it of a liquid Yesterday an Office, touching the child be it, but with laudanum in it to be paregoric, gave her infant, who was ops in a little s t appeared in evidence that the son, who was ten asked the apprentice, whom he found in the :hop, whom he received the phial, how many drops he re to a child nine weeks old, and the boy answered t.c.11 tf pa. The Surgeon, on being examined, said :—" it is impossible to say exactly what quantity will cause death to a child nine weeks old. I should consider it very dangerous to give even m pure. I never give more than half a drop. I cannot msitively that three or four drops would destroy a child but I should be afraid of the consequences. Two of that _ a -. or three drops would be likely to cause convulsion . , 1 have not I have tried regoric; the colot is lighter than that of opium, but there is a considerable resemblance. In looking at the bottle I think a person not very conversant might mistake one for the other. There is much less of opium in paregoric than in laudanum. In an ounce of lauda num there are twenty-four grains nearly. In an ounce of English paregoric two grains; in the Scotch paregoric eight ild n the shops here is the Lry paregoric further Pfc c bottle stood side party guuty of that negligenc It you think there wvs nc of the prisoner you wilt find him guilty V of negligence, is also gligence ath ensue —if not, you must acquit him The jury fount' guilty, and the Court sentenced him 5 to the King. remarked in continuation that there wer persons in evidence before them—the father and mother of the child, and Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon. He then recapitulated the evidence, remarking strongly on the fact that Mrs. S. first directed half-a-teaspoonful (or about 30 drops) to bt taken, and afterwards drew back, and direct three or four !at difference. he given, in which there was av a was, whether there skill as to brine the .ct within thy as ma►►- liquid had been found to be laudanum, without syrup, and that _it had been given, when syrup of car for, the offence would be mauslaughte A mere administration, by mistake, of any medicine that proved fatal, would not constitxte that . offence. He (Mr. Curry) having had some doubts on the subject, had written to Mr. Crompton, than whom he did not know a more acute crown lawyer : and that gentleman had kindly read the depositions, and had sent his. pinion in the letter beheld in his hand. (Mr. C. here read the letter, the principal point of which was, that if a medicine different from that asked for were given, and death ensued from its use, the offence would undoubtedly be manslaughter.) The verdict could not affect Mr. Sheldon himself, as it did not appear in- evidence that he had autho rised the medicine to be dispensed. With respect to the wife, unless she gave a drug different from that asked for, she would stand acquitted of the manslaughter. Much depended on the analysis, and Mr. Brett said there was in the drug some syrup, or saccharine, so that it might be that which was sold at Mr. Sheldon's for syrup of poppies, though not properly compounded. as it ought to have been. If they thought there was not sufficient evidence to affect Mrs. Sheldon, they must then be thrown upon the consideration whether the parents had not administered an overdose, in which case their verdict would-be against both of them—both having assisted to administer it—as a case of " chance med ley," which meant that the drug was administered with a Cowl intent, but produced death. _ . . bu ileluryl after' some minutes consideration, brought in a ve rdict of Chance medley," as affecting the parents, and appended to their verdict their strong reprehension of the negligent conduct of Mr. Sheldon, in conducting his husi- The Coroner, addressing Mr. Sheldon. said this was not the first, second, or third enquiry over which he had had the painful duty to preside, in which death had ensued from drugs prescribed from his (Mr: S.'s) shop. It was Mr. S.'s duty to confine himself solely to the dispensing of such drugs as he received prescriptions for from competent professional men. From the time the jury had taken to consider their yerdict, it was evident to him that Mrs. Sheldon had had a narrow escape from a verdict of manslaughter, in which case it would have been' his duty to commit her to Lancaster Castle for trial. He hoped, however, the result, though not so serious, would have a salutary effect. Mr. Sheldon said he should take means to prevent a re currence of such a fatality, as regarded his shop, and added that he would have attended the court at the appointed time, but that he had been in the country on business, and that on g a wheel of the coach in which he was his return that morning broke down, by which he was delayed. UNION OF THE OPHTHALMIC AND EAR . INSTITUTIONS. For some time it has been considered desirable that the ophthalmic and Ear Institutions should be united, and we have now the pleasure of stating that this object has been accomplished• Yesterday, the annual meeting of the friends and subscribers tb both charities was held in the Clarendon. rooms, South John-street, for the purpose of the business usual on such occasions being transacted, and for their assent There were present u l7o n a a forty, includik Bold, the Rev. R. L. Chester), Sir J. Salusbuk,, and Messrs. John Crossfield, Gordon, Sharpe, R. C. Dawson, Neill, Joshua Edwards, John Ripley, Oxley, J. R. Chorley, `Vim Chorley, Hadwen, Hutchinson, and Hanmer. ROBERTSON GLADSTONE, Esq., was unanimously called to the chair. ❑e Rev. Rector Brool The CHAIRMAN, opened the proceedings by stating tha' Innuai meeting of the subscribers to the E tr and )phtbalmic Institutions. The report of the com mittee of the Ophthalmic Institution would first be read, and afterwards a proposition would be made for uniting the two, which, as far as he could see, appeared to be very desirable. .--fierTRE.ASUREIt of the Ophthalmic Institutioil then pre sented a statement of his accounts. It appeared that in the course of the year donations had been received to the amount of £B3 13s. 11d, but that after including the annual subscrip tions there remained a balance due to him of £66 14s. 10d. Mr. NEIL, surgeon, then read the report, which was a very long document. Owing to the accidental loss of the is of the charity, it commenced with a brief but inte- lcement :s comi resting history of its operations next expressed the regret of the committee at the treasures statement showing a heavy debt, a n d exp l a i ne d that i t h a d been caused by repairing the house at the corner of Harford street, which had beea.granted to the charity by the corpo ration. The annual income from subscriptions, the report stated, was £lB7 ss. 6d., whilst the outlay in the past year had bcdu £354 135., thus leaving a large sum to be made up by the chances of cha ritable do nations. Alluding to the utility of the charity, the report stated that since its com mencement no less than 92,19 persons had received surgical assistance ; that in the past year 21,86 new cases had been ;'that in the same period 49 pers ons b a d I rated upon for cataract or artificial pupil rther st that since 1 atients since the conic hole number or Along with the rc- there w the charity, 21 year port Mr. Neil produced a statistical table of the treated each month, and of the state of the atmosphere, which he did not read, but which, he said, skewed that eye disease de creasedy, and increased from July to from Christmas to Jul Christmas. On the motion of Mr. GORDON, seconded b WARDS, the treasurer's account just the su' together with the report ) be printed, and circulated among ing he given to the.officcrs of the charity, for their valuable services during the past year..--The Rev. R. L. T OW NREN D having seconded the motion, it was u nan i mous l y carr i e d. The business of the day , with regard t o th e Opthalmic In stitution, terminated with the re -appointment of the cum- mittee. The TREASURER for the Ear Institution then produced his accounts. It appeared that, after defraying every expense, surer added, that if this institution were - amalgamated with the OphtlOmic, t h e g reater part of it s expenses would b esaved to the public, and a great deal of valuable time to the gentle men who formed t he committee. As there was yet an ex pense of about £3O, it would be necessary to collect the sub scriptions for the prese nt y ear. • Mr. NIEL then read the report—which was the first made since the establishment of the charity 18 mouths ago. It ap- 1 at the shop of .1/ litional witness only was exar Brett being recalled, said—l have the contents or the bottle, before which 1 examined it as to its peculi oemg peculiaily characteristic of, and ninging to, no drug but opium. The fluid was afterwards stilled, and a small quantity of spirits of wine obtained Tom it. What remained was sweet, with an after-taste bitter, and possessing an odour not unlike treacle. I dis solved this remaining substance in water, and attempted to separate morphia, the active principle of opium from it, but found that was not thrown down by the ordinary re-agents. This I suspected to be owing to the presence of the saccha rine matter. I therefore made comparative experiments with pure morphia and strong syrup, h,,iled together with a little acid, and found that the ordinary re-agents were un able to separate the morphia, In consequence of the presence of this saccharine matter. Failing to separate morphia I and odou ,e ewer the line( circumsa Oue ack .his taste pled with the peculiar retained opium, and I , • n. and taste of the liquid, that it CO ider the fact of not being able to separa . explained by the presence of sugar (or sacco The quantity of liquid which 1. had to analyze if an ounce, and it is Quite impossible for me to morphia, rifle matter was about I hat prc i.tcLi a q au I cannot take upon :d; but 1 s to the existenc piutn_ in syrup of poppies, prepared according to the Lon ia ; but I think it probable that the narcotic nciple of opium may exist in such syrup ;'and 1 aniq isfied that syrup of no—. ,Jppies prepared according to, the di- rections of the London PbarmacopEeiv, would not possess the peculiar taste and odour which belonged to" the substance of which I made a chemical examination. At two o' , the ju g waited a`conSiderable time ised to attend at one, and e he proceeded to make an: is could not. but say that he con shown disrespect to the court b to his pPiuise. This the case in their -Minds .tiered Mr. SlNldon had .iowever, ougli not to arm, -a case which might place a young woman, the wife . of Mr. Sheldon, in a painful situation. They had first to consider what caused the death of the child ; and, from the evidence of Mr. Bullock, it ap peared to have been produced by some narcotic poison. They would have to consider whether the drug was so administered as to reno-- the act one of manslaughter. if a person pro .. anything that required skill and judgment thB ►plated-that he was competent to do it; and thi euuallv to regular as well as to irregular practitioner Of thel in medicine. _ ..ier class were those merely druggists ; who took upon themselves to prescribe medicines, and whom he had on a former occasion 'designated, and would ag call, '" pests to society." He 'alluded to St. John Long ; who had been held amenable for the fatalities that occurred throug Ld carelessness in administering izes, 1 symond, tried at the only igently : deliering laudanum for list for a pennyworth at paregoric Lice delivered a phial, with a paregl The the- 'ode label on The son took it to his mother, peared that, within that period, 2,726 persons had availed tame. Mr. Neil stated, that the amal- themselves of its as: ;aviation of the two ci The Rev. 'I under tat ~ be printea aL of any resolution either he had, he should not I to add any remarks of his own, which he relied for the indulge a few words was, that he bad fits which this., society distri classes But the c nce of being p , imseif partaker He hack contended hia most distressinz deafness ; but himself under their diitininisi he had obtained a degree df the astonishment of his f t, for ei, circumstances which led to placing hi care. He had gone to London in or cure relief; and he was assured by t the inhabit that he Ist of 1 t of ano ► had t advocacy of the cause of ben, came nol read of t who.labo , mg, tnen, v pool to allot w it to declin the co m mitte of tilos JONAT Cauca upon .ited to say ght years, Witt Mr. Neill) Id briefly s be presumptuous i anything it n this matte now unworthy of 1 Ld Ear 1 ias r the unanimous of who had had the mar that the union c hese circumstances the motion c mendation from any other quarter ciple they must be all agreed, that table institutions was an evil inster. •ev. mover The TB. J . To NI a vote of thanks t aid to. him, and Ic to jolt s upon t Separated they could whilst they we hich th Upon the general lichnlight be appli :fore. in this, ns in e that s 1 the t. Lot a 1 Bt-;fore the meeting was dissolved, he begged to propose, the best thanks of the meeting should be tendered to Hugh Neill, for the exertions he had made, and the grec terest he had taken, in these „two trusted would still be continued to them ; and .especially the anxiety he had evinced to have the two institute united, which had been deemed to be imporfanee.—This was unanimously agreed to. Mr. NEILL baying briefly expressed his than of so r MEETING OF THE WEL SH BISHOPRICS _ _ CIPALITY. Yesterday, at twelve o'clock, a meeting of the friends ; natives of the Principality, resident in Liverpool, was help the Clarendon Rooms, for the purpose of forming a prc sional committee, and of taking into consideration the priety of calling a Richards, Esq., John Price, Esq., Hugh Rigby, Esq., and W. C. Davies, Esq. On the motion of J.'B. Clough, Esq., se, Roberts, Esq., the Rev. Robert Davies v Jones, Esq Lded by led to t The CHAIRMA him to enter public character. He then briefly explain which it is proposed to unite of a tnc place, the Collegiate Church be constituted aCatl within the province of Yo. 1;. iii council, dated Se )1' St. _ksaph or Ban; ter, excepting the deanery 'of the diocese of Chester, and to be ma Diocese of the Bishop of Manchester. This new bishor to be endowed with an average annual income of £4500. by transfer of tithes, lands, or hereditaments, in part from the of St. Asaph and Bangor. The latter part of the plan is which was so objectionable to the friends of the Principal The legislature seemed to have left the question undeeit in order that an opportunity might be afforded for the d. constituted pression of Pubheopinionon the sui inhabitants of the Welsh clioce ceeded which related to ti bishopri very flu ate any portion of the funds of the dioceses of St. A Bangor, until ample provision was made for the at tion of the poor livings in North Wales. (Hear, he DAVID EVANS, Esq., in movir that he did so because the propose country already poor t g the first resolutioa, scheme 3e within his because it' was . unfair - , supposing the junctu. Lig another see, while so ma in wit' dioceses of St plus rev income:. He conclue ible apf A;aph ana . Bangor, - and of abstracting ‘. I the income of their where, while so many livir quntely endowed."_ J. B. CLouGli, Esq., secor carried unannuousl ELus JONES, E , e the following r "That immediate steps be taken in order to call a p meeting, for the purpose of Memorialising the - Queer the Ecclesiastical CoMiniSsionefs, and of •petitioniug Houses of Lords and Commons against the intended THOMAS Ro , Esq., seconded the resolution, v Ls carried unanimously hiom A. 1., then moved the following lution : " That above resolution tlemen, with power to add to their numbers—Rev. R. a Rev. D. James, Rev. D. Roberts, J. B. Clough, Esq Griffith, Esq., D. Evans, Esq., E. Jones, Esq., O. Will Esq., J. Richards, Esq., Sir J. Salusbury, Rol Esq., Thomas Simon, Esq., Thomas Roberts, I' Barber, Esq., and John Rigby, Es to whose immediate care the the public meeting are to be JOHN PRICE, Es Tangerneats for Bonita 1, seconded the resolul w Irc 1 sub-co certing r It Iva! that a entered into, to defray the expenses of printh that J. B. Clough, Esq., be requested to act and W. E. Davies, Esq., as secretary'. A. vote of thanks to ktirman was tt LIS JONES, Esq., seconded by ThomAs Itommrs, after which the meeting separated. men were placed at the bar, where the The chairman was just o them, when the err charged.—Bright rewmatism wich havi .oyal table at the christening of the'Princess Ro - ya: in unforeseen event, unluckily " got into Chancery granted. The probable consequence, t royal christening is likely, through thi y mishap be minus of the leviathan 'clic ten, the Lord Chancellor ha A curious circumstance occurred at Lewes Sessions last week.. The grand jury had ignored the bills preferred against two prisoners, which being by some means overlooked, the BRANDY AND SALT.—The Comic A/manack gives the fol lowing as a testimonial of efficacy by one of the grateful pa tients of that extraordinary and universal physician:—" sur Take the libberty of addressing yew about the brandy sa.wlt. i was afiieted with dreadfull lownes of sperits an, apeard. sir my way of Apliini is the saw•lt outside worst a day & the brandy in twice evvery our. its eflex is sumtims really Astonishin. my wife also taks the abuv Meddisin in her tea, and finds grate bennefits.—surr yevir Most obediant TUMMAS SPOONEY.—P.S. sir a neyber of min Tride the abuv on his wife bean bad skalded kiliing a pig but Unlukky forgot to put in the sawit. owevver it was awl Verry well for the brandy,alonan .Cured his w ife and now hes got the Sawlt to Cure his bakun." THE QUEEN'S CHEESE IN CHANCERY. — This leviathan of a cheese, weighing upwards of 10 cwt., and which has al ready arrived in London,- and was to have been placed on the in the camp having occurred. among the proprietors of the cheese, a part of them had a model made of it, and sent to London for the purpose of exhibition. Some other proprie tors, finding what had occurred, immediately had the original transported thither. The model, which had been placed in the Egyptian Flail, Piccadilly, fot the purpose of exhibition, was ejected therefrom vi et armis by the other parties, and the original placed there in its stead. In consequence, an injunction was applied for to the Court of Chancery, to re strain the parties from exhibiting the original, which was .s, that t —Since the above was wilt solved the injunction, with THE IRISH WITNESS AND HIS OATH. — Does not an Irish witness, who meditates telling a lie, think that he has laid no perjury upon his soul, if he succeeds in chiding the vigilance of the crier, in kissing not the cross, but his thumb? The words of the Lord himself are beneath the cross which is to be kissed, and in these words lying and perjury are strictly denounced, but the popish swearer cares not for that. God himself, present in spirit, is there to witness the false inten tions of the man, but he cares not for that. He thinks no thing, he knows nothing of type or symbol ; he would not understand the meaning of the words if he heard them e and his conscience is to be bound only by his own god; no sha_ dow,buTEreYsubstance staring him in the face. Swear him not by that cruciform deity, and he swears not at all.— Fraser's Magazine. MEDICAL REFORM ew week they could r full concurrence with tht aion was then adopted. as now I pleasing necures revem in those d►oC tice to medicine loudly called for, not only in jus t as a protection to the public, will rot ssion of deati Within about six weeks no less than •oduced by the i ranee and pre- Dne of which appears subject of judicial we could form ar iy throughout nined, and ul- Ls in the ged to by untee Ttality, without jitual resort to ano- rily, disease effectually come at source of bodily suffering we thin], e public voice i the great id petitions it be laid fairly before parliament and the public ; do think that the prayer of those petitions would be In the meantime, we may suggest t 1 in Liverpool the duty whiel We are confidentl. lc out upor Londor which embrace lie names the measure to be brought ►y be as perfect as r h it is What pr M. Hadwen,) read S.PAI xden be en appear •m the advertise ion on each, were then presci tors, and re- Aing, he rose y closed on Sundays, in ac- the 11 of M ,he 2a of M ay, 1802, w, 18 8, till tile 2d of May, 1814 moved litied„O support it; but his regret of the able, the high-toned, :d by the recollect' h the principles ut the Di thority and perpetual obligation of the Sabbath had 1, at the three meetings which the proprietors ie of deciding the kindred, but ther the public should be ed- Thel. s;ful manne Ay beta, as on Su ;her arguments t having be ng themselves, atutions in the country, the gar- kmong othe Oxford, Sheffield, Manchester, irdenS, and the gardens now forming by the Institution of London, in the Regent Park. the 'curator of the Horti- I read au Hardens at C :ed to the y, except by an ssible, but that it should which can be brough' t to bear specific prevail pillion, that it ;y to invade t s of the chemi e already explained the amendments as they hereafter show, that they of every he opinion on this .einedy mmediately id imperatively demanded IVERPOOL BOTANIC GARDENS .y in the Clacen- very hu- )N, VIC :hairman of expressed ice of Mr. previ- It of the institution, wit( prevented, his attendance with any remarks of his own, but at to read the very able report Dickinson. 1 upon the secretary Lel been prepared by D read a raised by the you that no member h v's Garden on a Sund, he Council, andl. of recollect of an instance, shed, of such an order being iday. and the three exhibition suspended. Kew and I Good Friday. The, ►embers who cal Darden is one to provide all be separated from .tig licensed examivatior. )wledge of the me- addition to this s to be rendered punishable levied on information before him; the consequence is, the A. member take two frieLids s choke full on fine days in sunune :s Keep' 'crpool gardens bad also been r Every time he goes uerve to do away with it heir income very pon the company, at .idly closed during xtost early and prosperous years, and it was clear gulatiou could not have had its origin (as might be e:1) in any spirit of bigotry or illiberality, for on the is founders and promoters they found the respected oe, Dr. Currie, Dr. Shepherd, the Train, William Rathbone, Thomas incla host of others, whom thatmeet bigotry or illiberality. It of Will now made was no innova currenca to old and sound English Kin by other similar institutions, whilst they roved that the prop, from them, and perhaps taking a lesson .;hbours. The opening of the gardens ivays to the higher classes held out a dangerous example ewer, and offered grounds fur a plausible argument in ' throwing open to the public not only the doors of institutions. It the Botanic should the Zoolo- Heir French neL4 n, it would b If these tw sible on Su' f Commons through the to the balls and tt mth. He thought istent ground from to be found by retracin He shouli r closing the gardens upon the ) the existing re- Tre compelled to t the year tors wt ,re justified in thus depriving of hallowing the Sabbath, by eligious instruction of their fa• he thought we had a right to make variations, but no further, and the commandment, as to the substance of it, of setting apart one day out of the seven for the especial wor ship of God, for the furtherance of our own improvement and advancement in virtue, and for preparation for another and a better world, admitted no alteration—the separation, he said, . of one day out of the seven for the advancement of the cause of religion, appeared to be the substance of God's command ment, and that which it was our duty in this age, and the duty of all in every age to fulfil. He could imagine a question to be proposed in this form—" Where can be the harm of taking a walk in the Botanic Garden on Sunday, end admiring the works of nature, or, more properly, the works of the God of nature, any more than there is in a gentleman walking in his own garden ; for surely you would not deny him the right of so doing?" In reply to this inquiry, he should. say, it the contemplation of the works of nature was designed as a reli gious exerese—if the special object and purpose in view was that of promoting our own personal growth in the knowledge and in the grace of God—he would not say there was any harm in viewing the works of nature. Ile would not say, moreover, if friends were walking together in the garden, and conversing upon those things which belonged to their eternal peace—which belonged to the advancement of religion and virtue in society—or which related to the advancement of Christian benevolence and charity—he would not say. he said, that there could be, in such a case, any breach of the Lord's Day. But he felt satisfied that any who should advocate - the desirableness of keeping open the Botanic Gardens, or any other gardens, to the proprietors, on the Lord's Day, would not take that ground ; he was satisfied that he spoke to a number of gentlemen, every one of whom were above all such subterfuge and evasion as to put forth any such idea as that. f the Botanic Gardens were to be opened at all, the opening of them would be advocated upon the principle that it was necessary for the recreation of the people, and that their benefit would be secured by so doing. It was in that point of view that he thought it his duty to say it was converting the Lord's Day into a purpose for which the Sabbath was not intended. With respect to the case of a gentleman walking in his own garden, he must be permitted to say that if he went there for the pur pose of secular recreation, that he believed to be con trary to the will of God, and he denied its lawful ness. But in private matters we could not legislate foe that which came within men's own domestic circles, with out violating those conventions by which human society was kept together. We must leave such matters to every man's own conscience. It was a matter between himself and God, to whom one day he would have to account for the use he had made of the Sabbath. But where a public institution like this was held in common by a number of individuals, every one entered it by a convention with those to whom with himself it belonged ; and he conceived, therefore, that who ever for the purpose of recreation entered the Botanic Gar dens on the Lord's Day, did so by the connivance of all those who did not, by one form or another, express their disapprobation of so doing. He felt it to be his duty, therefore, to express his disapprobation of it, in the hope that it mi;;lit not be without sonic effect upon the minds of candid hearers, and - who, he trusted; would give him credit for doing what he believed to be his duty. We knew very well, though such was not the case with all the genttlemen whom he was addressing, that he was speaking to sonic members of the church to which lie be longed. Those gents would permit him to put them in re membrance that they were met there on the day following the Lord's Day, and that they at least ael.nowledgel that the Sabbath was of perpetual obligation. No longer ago than yesterday, when they heard the Word of God read, they asked of God to pardon their past neglect, and to give them grace to keep Ilis commandments in time to come ; when the commandments were read, they united in the prayer " Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law." He begged leave to second this resolution. Mr. &NEL said it appearad to him that a very extraor dinary course of proceeding was being taken if the parties were anxious to increase the funds of the institution and to interest all classes of the community in its success. He should not attempt to make any observations in reply to the remarks of the reverend gentleman who had seconded the resolution. His (Dr. Tattershall'S) arguments had been such that a layman might just as well leave them alone ; but he (Mr. Side!) should not at all shrink from replying to the re marks of the mover, because, layman to layman, they were on equal terms. It was said they were anxious to interest all classes of the community in the success of the institution and to increase its revenue. Now, it was very well known to every man there, that there were very great differences with regard to the mac of observing the Sabbath. Sonic of the population of L4erpool held that the day now kept for the Sabbath was not the day ordered by God, but that the last day in the week ought to be kept ; these persons, of course, could not respect that which they did not believe to be correct. Others again believed, that, after the perfor mance of their religious duties on the Sabbath they might pass the remainder of the day in recreation without offence; these persons, of course, could not agree with the mover and seconder. There were •others, also, who thought that all days ought to be kept holy—that all were entitled to equal respect. Any innovation upon their privileges in this respect was what no man had a right to make, for they had as good a right to enjoy their opinions as we had. He would, further, instance the case of his own religion. The followers of it thought they ought to abstain from eating meat on Fridays. This was very well, but if he were to say that the mover and seconder should do likewise, they would laugh at the notion. Now he (Mr. Shell) held that it was perfectly right to take his children out for a walk after the performance of their religious duties, and he was prepared to - show that no one had a right to prevent him. It was 26 years since the gar dens had been opened. It should be recollected that at that period the proprietors purchased the right of walking in • them on Sundays. It was therefore a matter of property, and how could they be justly deprived of the right andpri vilege which they had so bought, by the vote of a meeting like this? The proposer of the motion had used an argu ment which he (Mr. Sheil) had often heard, but which was not a very sound one, namely, that if the gardens were opened on the Sunday, the servants employed at then were prevented from attending divine worship. This was made into a very important point, as if it could not be easily ob viated. There were many people, easily •to he bad, who could relieve the servants whilst they were at their worship : in short, he would ask, what was the practice of gentlemen present with their domestic servants? Was not one at least left at home, whilst the others were at church ? He could not see, therefore, upon what principle the public were to be deprived of the enjoyment of what they conceived to be an innocent privilege. Sir J. WALMSLEY conceived that the gentlemen who had btought forward the motion had taken the only course which they could consistently adopt. Something had been said about the Old Testament, and the command of Almighty God to keep the sabbath day ; but it should be remembered, that in the New Testament something was said about it— . namely, that " the sabbath was made for man and not man for the sabbath." if the question were considered fairly, it would be found not to apply to the wealthy, or to those who had gardens of their own in which they could amuse them selves. it might be very well for those gentlemen to abstain from going into their own gardens on the sabbath, and to de vote it to the observance of their religious duties ; but it was for them to consider whether they had a right to deprive the poor of the privilege. They professed to admit the poor two days a week, but that appeared to him to be nonsense. The industrious classes could go there upon no day but Sunday; and be apprehended that if the gentlemen who advocated the motion would go into the loathsome cellars and garrets of the poverty-stricken poor, who had no place where to amuse themselves, and no time for it but Sunday, and see them compelled to work hard six days in the week, from morning.till evening, for a bare subsistence, they would not refuse to give them some opportunity for recreation even on the Sabbath day. When he said recreation of course he meant innocent recreation. After they had attended on their duties, they should have an opportunity of going to some place for recreation, where the eyes of those in a superior sta tion would meet them ; they would have on opportunity of observing not only the works of nature but of nature's God. If the subject were considered in its proper light, it would be found greatly to the interest of the community to remove the poor from their noxious abodes, and giee them an opportunity of spending a few hours on the Sabbath day, under the eyes of those parties who would take an interest in seeing that they conducted themselves properly. He believed it would have a great effect in preventing drunkenness, and be an inducement to good order and morals : he was of opinion it would be an exceeding great advantage to the lower classes if, instead of the gardens being closed, they were opened to them. The CHAIRMAN explained that the question now under discussion was, not the closing of the gardens to the labouring classes, but to the proprietors. Sir J. WALMSLEY was quite aware of that. Mr. Parker in proposing the motion read a letter, in which it was stated that a Botanic Garden was crowded by the public on Sun days. That was the very strongest argument that could he used in favour of opening the Liverpool Gardens. The people could not be made religious by act of parliament. He should vote againat closing the gardens on Sunday, not against closing them to proprietors, but for the opening of them to the poor. Dr. REYNOLDS enquired whether the gardens were now opened the whole of Sunday, or only part of the day ? The CHAIRMAN replied that in the - winter they were opened from two o'clock in the afternoon, and in summer from five till dusk. The Rev. J. MARTINEAU and Mr. MOLYNEUX opposed the motion. • Mr. PARKER replied. He admired the discretion of Mr. Sheil in declining an encounter with such an antagonist as the reverend gentleman who had so ably seconded his motion. It was for the meeting to decide whether the argument he had directed against a mere vulnerable opponent was not " Telum imbelle sine ictu." The question before the meeting was not the admission of the poor, but the exclusion of the proprietors. As to the vested rights of the latter, surely the same authority which repealed an original law was competent to re-enact it ; if the majority was good for the one purpose, it was equally so for the other. Mr. W. B. HODGSON next addressed the meeting in oppo sition to the motion. I object, he said, most strongly to this attempt to hound the people into the church ; for 1 believe if you were to darken the whole universe, and have the churches only lighted, you would not get the people to go there. The meeting then divided, and the CHAIRMAN declar..td the numbers to be — For the motion 23 Against it Majority Some surprise having been expressed at the Rev. Rector Brooks having kept his seat, and the CHAIRMAN having stated that he had in consequence counted the rev. gentle man among the minority, Mr. Baooks rose, and said this was a question upon which he might not feel himself quite satisfied with giving a silent vote. He had no hesitation in stating that he could see no possible violation of the Sabbath in the proprietors going on that day to the gardens : he did not think there was any harm likely to accrue from it either to religion or to morality. He did not wish, however, to enter into the whole argument now ; but he would say that he did not agree with a great portion of the argument used against the closing of the gar dens on the Sabbath. A great portion of it, hs thought, was fallacious. He could draw a wide distinction between open ing the gardens to the public, and allowing the proprietors themselves to see them. If he thought it was in the slight est degree a violation of the Sabbath to allow those gentle men who were proprietors to go there, he should be the last man in the world to consent to it. But he did not believe it to be a violation of the Sabbath, and upon that ground he thought they were justified in claiming the right. Major AXFORD thought the proprietors had a right to go to the gardens if they pleased, on the Sabbath ; and upon that principle he had remained neutral. Mr. WILLAN said that as at a former meeting the poor had been excluded from the gardens on Sunday, -he had now voted to exclude the rich on that day. The discussion then terminated,and the meeting separated. It is said that during her Majesty's residence at Bucking ham Palace, one hundred and forty hogsheads of strong beer are monthly forwarded from Church's brewery at Burbage, Wiltshire SPOTS ON int SuN.--For some time past, the spots on the sun's disc have been numerous, and occasionally very isa(;:biutasbt about its large. At present there are two or three of considerable size, besides some clusters of some ones. About a week ago, one disappeared at the west limb, which had been ob served during two revolutions of the sun on ,,,, i i; t s s ibb a ul x : saipzpeelaiaradnecoensidlevih-aebiliyfidrisati diminished _ e b d e , tw it ee w n a. i s ts o af fi n r ad s n t h a o,a n vd d abi s e e fc c oo o rsmm n e d e. and its longest diameter about 27,000 miles They may be distinctly seen with an itepipmeuariaarn.ce,Tv6w- a o s f reducedthose e to presentl. l ,100 of the earth. otnearly i e y . telescope and dark glass. • which the Sunday should labouring classes. Mr, The R by movir ;lotion just pr ned it a privilege tt )sed by Mr. Parker been resident in Liverpool a considerable num I not been a habit of his to take mucl ber of years, and it 'ions dISCU: .ons which had arisen during a through his usual habit on th' Lse he thought the particular subject which now interested that meeting one in which at least he should be forgiven if he expressed the deepest possible con cern. It was the cause of religion. should ever consider it his duty to do all in his power for the furtherance of that which he held to be for the best interest of religion in Liver pool. The observance of the Sabbath day was far less than many other matters with which religion was connected a tter of speculation ; it Was a matter of religious r of religious obedience. We had God—our Creator, that tion flowed 153,- ppointment .t was not a matter connected merely with the Jewish cere nonial ; but it was coeval with the creation : and the prin ::iple and design of it were as unchangeable as the character )f Almighty God himself. The perpetual obligation of the Day, or more properly, of the Sabbath, was sufficiently n stance of its not being dependent, in any But in addition to this he evinced by the caret wise upon the Jewish ceremonial Ae of the Lord's prophets had dis- " If thou turn away thy foot from the sab' thy pleasure on my holy day, and call the s the holy of the Lord honourable, and .1 nor sr light tl Ilium own ways, T finding thine_ own Measure thine own words, then shalt the Lord." Our blessed SE viour also hrniselfWaT told us that .he came not to destroy the law and the prophets, but to fulfil them. There might, he ad mitted, arise changes in the proper mode of the observance of the Sabbath; there might be, and, indeed, there must be a difference as to the manner of its observance, arising out of ti _Meted condition in which the Church . of Goa was placed; in consequence of the increasing light of successive me form of worship, under a former dispensa- _ not to be continued when we were instructed to adopt a more spiritual mode of worship under the present dispensation. Moreover, with regard to the day which was set apart for this purpose, we had inspired example, at least, for the change from the seventh day to that which was now observed, namely, the first day; but there were no changes which could be considered arbitrary and of our own choice. Where we had the express directions of the word of God, or Where they were given under the fOrm of example, then revelations Lion, was that the latter