The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-12-28 00:00:00

WPM idea of is only 'an tage I corpo- iment is Lt denies —that it le priest view to existing he same to the g a ten- Ithority, m t who limit his prove of !, in the Tipture, t ision nent on arge, or to the d as the that the iat the as alto- systein horrible of our for t 1 jpillOUS what a r beads. ently to ift, and lover !hild to ,del, by Id, is a e COun" .51 i• y 0 T sects, nut be -.;hurch, 1r C°ll. tnd by schools rocs are stin ctly en who iVen in e intel- )liment nce for IS Oil' ►f other nay, or ; their which safest , ,e corn' science, ulfilled i i some liberal le than ich We o more w hen clutch other, vs maY hough jstom - gdoin, e each " It e cor- nintry Mr. )üblin aright ) are g fra !land ? to get usual ill for re ex- us an ;elves , them ; but Irish- 3 en--- nd as as if d co- STATE OF TRADE, MANUFACTURr, &c The sy s t ema ti c e ff orts w hi c h are m ade by several of our contemporaries to give a false colouring to the state and Prospects of the trade of this district, by the promulgation of exaggerated accounts of existing distress, (which are eagerly caught up and echoed throughout the country by the a nti-corn-law organs,) or by the suppression of every evi dence of approaching improvement, has induced us to make arrangements by which we shall be enabled to lay before our readers, in each publication, Under the above head. a car/ ect • lid impartial notice of the condition of our various branches of industry and commerce. In the performance of this duty, We shall endeavour, in all cases and at all times, to state only facts within our own knowledge, or communicated from unexceptionable sources ; and whilst we shall carefully ab stain from exaggeration on the one hand, we shall with equal care avoid the suppression of what may perhaps be supposed to be to us unpalatable-truths. The week immediately preceding Christmas is rarely one Which affords any certain criterion with respect to the state of trade in this district, being occupied chiefly by the mer cantile classes in balancing their accounts for the past year. We have, however, notwithstanding this, the gratification of noticing a considerably improved feeling in several of our Most important branches of trade ; and on all hands an evi dent leaning to the opinion that the depression under which Our commerce has for many months been languishing is about to be succeeded by an active and remunerating demand for our principal commodities. This improvement was especially displayed yesterday and 0 11 Friday, in the transactions of our market for cotton—the staple article of the manufactures of this district. On Friday this amended feeling, which had been displayed throughout th e week, continued to animate buyers, and prices were fully sustained, although the market was abundantly supplied. 6000 bales were sold, making the total sales of the week 3 3,880 bags. The sales yesterday amounted to 7090 bags, at an advance of id. per lb., which, it is estimated, will, with the advance last week, make up in the whole an improvement in most qualities of Id. per lb. The accounts from the manufacturing districts, although they notice no improvement in prices, are yet encouraging, in the views which they hold out of an improved trade in the approaching spring. The stocks in the hands of manufactu rers are unusually light, owing in part to their decreased pro duction during the past few months. It must be borne in mind, however, that considerable quantities are held by spe culators, or have been purchased, in anticipation; from needy manufacturers. The last two New York packets have gone out with full cargoes of merchandise for that market. There have been also heavy purchases made during the past week for the East Indies, and as it is known that most foreign markets are comparatively bare of British manufactures, it is anticipated that, upon the first re-appearance of anything approaching to permanent confidence amongst our own mer chants and manufacturers, the buyers from these markets must come in and operate freely. The same may be said of buyers for home consumption, who hold also very light stocks of all descriptions of goods. A MERRY CHRISTMAS TO OUR READERS. A merry Christmas to our readers, one and all! Light and happy hearts, and smiling, joyous faces be around your hearths ! The sky, which has gloomed over your heads, in the year which is departing, shine brighter upon you in the year which is to come ! The tear-bowed head be laised ; the anguished breast be eased ; the care-worn and despairing be enabled to look up, amid the gladdening influences of this festive season, and welcome the bright hope of better and happier days, which beams forth for us all, we trust, from the coming future ! Even now the cloud which has over shadowed us as a people, is passing away, and its edges are tipped with the glory of the sunshine which is beyond it. " There's a braw day coming," and we call upon all loyal and true-hearted men to spurn from before their path the creeping, slimy things which love the darkness, and to stop their ears against the night-owls, which hoot unceasingly at the approaching dawn, as they seek, with heavy wing, the loathsome hiding places out of which they caine, at the sum moning of the darkness, to prey upon and defile the fair face of the world. " Awa', Whigs, awa' I" We will toast your departure over our Christmas cheer. We will bury your memory and your misdeeds beneath a mountain of holly and misletoe—a pyramid of green boughs, which are even too fragrant a co vering for the rankness of your offences. We will build it high as your presumption, wide as your professions, and it shall wither and rot beneath the sun and rain, until it present a picture of your corruptness, and of the fall to which it led. Awa', Whigs, awa'!"—hence with your atrabilious visages, which obscure our sun-light and repress our mirth. They are gone ; our spirits are again lightsome and buoyant ; and, in cheerfulness and unfeigned sincerity, once more we wish to each and all our readers a " merry Christ mas." The sun of the future smiles now upon all who love their country and her sacred institutions ; and though some eyes there may be which are still wet with recent tear s— some hearts which are still throbbing with recent anguish— some memories which still linger around the ashes of those loved ones whom the grave or the world has claimed during the year which is passing away, and whose place is empty at the festive board ; yet upon such even, we trust, the cheering influence of the season will not all be lost. At this time, we trust, even these mourners will withdraw their gaze from the past, and look forward to the future, remembering that, dark as may be their night of sorrow, yet " joy cometh in the morning. To those amongst our readers who, during the past year, have fought that good fight which enables us to hope for the prosperity of that which is to come, we need not say " be merry." They have thrown down the Dagon which has trampled conservatism beneath its chariot wheels for years past ; and we need not say to them" rejoice." A happy and a merry Christmas to all such ! Light be your hearts and heavy your hands, to put down and to keep down the foul thing which would pollute your hearths and desecrate your altars—which has insulted, and would gladly enslave you. Health a thousand times to our loyal operatives, who have spurned the thing " liberalism," in its garb of hollow seem ing, and defied it equally in its truculent reality ! There is not a Christmas board, throughout the length and breadth of England, which loyal Protestant men sit round, at which these our townsmen are not worthy to he remembered, as having struck the blow which first staggered, and finally over threw the enemies of the faith and the constitutional liberties ofthe people of this Protestant land. Gladly, most gladly, would we extend our greetings to an other, and, we fear, a too numerous body of our fellow townsmen —to whose hearths at this moment comfort is a stranxer, and who are incapacitated from welcoming, as they were wont to do in better days, this festive season. To such it would, we feel, be a mockery to wish " a merry Christ mas ;" but we seize the opportunity of impressing earnestly upon those of their brethren who are happier and merrier than they, to bestow their kindly consideration upon their deprivations—more keenly felt than ever at such a season as the present. Conservatives are wont to be generous as they are loyal ; and we do fervently pray that, at a period when so many high and inspiriting hopes crowd around them, they will not omit the opportunity of spreading their soothing in fluences beneath the roofs of those of their humbler brethren, to whom Providence has not accorded the means of enjoying " A merry Christmas." The custom of Christmas boxes arose with sailors. In the infancy of navigation, they nailed a box to the mast of the ship on going to sea, and at times of storm or danger, dropped a piece of money in the box, for prayers to be said for them, which collections, if they returned safe, they presented to the church. These gifts, received at the time of the Nati vity at the entrance of the chapels and cathedrals, were called Christmas boxes. ------- THE SCHOOLMASTER ABROAD.—It appears that some idle fellow thought proper to predict that Manchester would be visited with an earthquake on Tuesday last ; and such credence has the absurdity obtai d ne-amongsCignotuknt people, that, as we are informed, some have actually left the town to be out of the reach of danger. The knave who originated the report, is at present a prisoner in the New Bailey ; so that, come what may, he at least cannot get out of the way. It is astonishing that in the nineteenth century there should exist such gross superstition. AMATEUR HANGING.—Some of the younger boys of a school in the Faubourg Saint Germain, three days ago, while free from the superintendence of their masters, took it into their beads to amuse themselves with an execution by way of hanging. The victim was chosen, and in a trice, notwith standing his resistance, was suspended, and, receiving a strong push, swung like a pendulum. The effect, however, was different from what the urchins—the eldest of whom was not more than ten years old—imagined, for they had per formed the task of hangman so professionally that the sup posed culprit soon turned black in the face, his eyes started from their sockets, and his tongue protruded from his mouth. Terror-struck, they fled and hid themselves. Fortunately an older boy saw their panic, hastened to ascertain the cause, and cut the poor little fellow down. Had another minute elapsed, life would have been extinct.—Paris paper. Mr. Handley, at Holbeach, late M.P. for Lincolnshire, certainly made one true observation. Speaking of the de funct whig ministry, he said, "He would assert, without fear of contradiction, that they had never perpetrated one job !"—true, not one, their name is legion. Why, whiggery and jobbery are synonymous terms—and our columns would scarcely contain sufficient space for a bare recital of the proofs of whig desecration of power to the purposes of faction —a deep and sluggish stream of corruption, unbroken save by the occasional corruscatiolis of some more glaring act of political turpitude.—Lincolnshire Chronicle. VEGETABLE SELF-COMBUSTION. —It is not by any means an unusual circumstance for persons travelling by dark dur ing the night, in the vicinity of the northern Circars, which abut on the line of road between Simelea and Rhoordab, in the province of Bengal, to behold vastconflagrations, extend ing for a considerable distance, upon the tops of the hills which range along the interior of the Indian peninsula. The above eminences are enveloped in forests of thick jungle, and are quite uninhabited, and it was some time before it could be warrantably ascertained how these instances of incendi arism could so frequently occur, which is, for the most part, the case during the hot months of April and May. It has since been discovered, that those igneous outbreaks are occa sioned by the long and successive friction of the contiguous branches of bamboos, and other arunclinaceous timber, which abound in the above-named localities, and which, when once ignited, spread desolation all around. The wild beasts, on these occasions, descend into the plains beneath, and do great mischief among the herdsmen by car r yi n g away their cattle, and, not unfrequently, the former. The wood of the bamboo is cased with a silicious boating, and, in the dry weather, is easily ignited by friction. These brilliant coruscations, in a dark night, produce a very imposing effect on the eye of the beholder, and were, for a long time, attributed by the native Peastwtry to a supernatural agency. LOCAL NEWS PROVIDING FOR CIIRISTMAS DAY.—A boy, named James Fenton, was on Friday placed at the bar of the Police-court, charged with stealing a goose. It appeared that on the pre vious night the prisoner and another lad were observed loi tering about a poulterer's shop in St. John's Market. The latter was seen to hand a goose to the prisoner, who was given in charge. It was spoken to by the owner, and also by a man who had previously been pricing it, and had gone back to buy it. The prisoner, who had before been four times committed, was sent to gaol for three months. ROBBERY OF A BOY.—Two disreputable-looking charac ters were placed before Mr. Rushton, on Friday, charged by a boy with having rifled his pockets and taken therefrom 3s. 6d. From the statement of the boy, it appeared that be had come from Manchester to this town for the purpose of going to sea. Whilst rambling through the streets he met with one of the prisoners and another who bad not been taken into custody. They took him into several public-houses for the purpose. as they said, of seeing some captains and mates. They afterwards took him into a brickfield, and there in sisted upon him giving up his money. This he refused, when one of the party seized him and forcibly took all his money, which amounted to 3s. 6d. He gave information to the po lice, who took both the prisoners. One of them only, how ever, was engaged in the robbery of the boy, but as they were both bad characters, the officer took them into custody. The prisoner directly implicated in the robbery denied all know ledge of the affair, and the other said he was at home in bed when it occurred. Mr. Rushton said he had no doubt what ever that they were accomplices, but as he who said that he was at home in bed when the robbery was committed was not known to Mr. Parkinson, and the other was an old visitor of the court, the one was discharged with a caution, and the other was committed for three months. LECTURES.—We understand that a course four lectures are about to be delivered by assistants, in various districts of the town, upon the important subject of early closing of shops. The Hibernia, Captain Wilson, which sailed from New York on the Ist instant, arrived here on Thursday evening. She has brought papers of her day of sailing, but their con tents, which are unimportant, have been anticipated by the papers of the 30th ult., conveyed by express for the Caledo nia, by the Boston steamer of the Ist instant. WELSH PRONESSORSHIPS. — We understand that the peti tion to her Majesty, unanimously adopted at a recent meet ing of the Welsh inhabitants of this town, for the formation of two Welsh Professorships in our English universities, will Im forwarded this morning to Sir Robert Peel for prcsenta tio,, to her Majesty. Tne CORN LAWS.—Many of our contemporaries have spoken in high terms of the suggestions of Mr. Jackson, of this town, for a modification of the corn duties. The an cheater Courier says—" This appears to us to be one of the best plans yet proposed. The writer has given us the choice of three scales of prices and duties ; of course we prefer the first of these, but we cannot help concurring in some sensible remarks on the plan which appear in the columns of the Liverpool Standard.] On Friday last, John Hicks, Esq., of &afield House, Crosby, distributed to the aged and infirm poor, and to those who receive parochial relief, severally, Gibs. of beef and a peck of potatoes, for their enjoyment on Christmas-day. This munificent example is deserving imitation by all those who have it in their power to contribute to the comfort of the poor at this season of the year. " The poor ye have always. with you." - - ELECTION OF A LIBERAL ALMONER.—Our printers' devil desires us to announce to the readers of the Liverpool Mer cury, that, at the request of a numerous body of friends, he has been induced to allow himself to be put in nomination for the responsible office of collector of penny tributes and almoner of the liberal party in this town. Being in some degree a stranger in Liverpool, and his transcendant merits therefore unknown,—and being, moreover, troubled with a little more modesty than some other candidates for official rank,—he is unwilling to catalogue the various honours which have been accorded to him for his past services to the human race, and the zeal which he has ever displayed in the cause of humanity. We may state, however, in his favour, that be has been purveyor of cat's-meat in our establishment for a period of several mouths, discharging the duties with great fidelity, and to the perfect satisfaction of the amiable object of his disinterested care ; and that, for his services in another establishment, he was presented with a handsome tobacco-box, bearing the following flattering inscription " Presented to ROGER THOMAS, JUN., ESQ., by the Chairman and Members of the late REFORM ASSOCIATION, as a parting tribute of their respect for his talents and character, and as a slight reward for his zeal and assiduity in the distribution of the beer and pipes, during the last melancholy sittings which pre ceded their fina extinction as an important poli tical body " We may add that our protepe'e has already received promises of support from several of the most influential leaders of the liberal party. COMMITMENT TO TILE SESSIONS.—At the Police-court, yesterday, a girl, named Mary Downes, was placed at the bar under the following charge. Police-officer John Wil liams (395) said, that about eight o'clock on Sunday night, while he was on duty at the north bridge of George's Dock, he saw the prisoner pass with a basket and two parasols. A boy, who carried a box, was walking by the prisoner's side. He watched her, and saw the boy place the box near her. He questioned her, and she said that she was going to Ches ter, and that she was come from Manchester, where she had been three months in service. He searched her parcel, and found a table cloth, three German silver spoons, and a green baize cloth. He suspected her, and sent her to the Police office. He then examined the box and basket, and found them to contain two dresses, six caps, two collars, two aprons, a purse, two handkerchiefs, a bonnet, a tea-caddy, &c. Margaret Hunter, and her sister Anne Hunter, of No. 7, Shannon-street, afterwards came to give information at the office of being robbed, and identified nearly all the articles as their property. The prisoner, they said, had been a month in their service. About Vim- o'clock on Sunday afternoon they went out, leaving the prisoner, and their father, who was very deaf, in the house. The parlour door they left locked. They returned about eight o'clock, found a pane of glass taken out of the parlour window, and missed the para sols, tea-caddy, &c. They identified the articles. The pri soner said a young man had come into the house, and handed them out to her. She was committed for trial. EXTRAORDINARY CHARGE AGAINST A WINE AND SPIRIT BROKER. — Yesterday, a respectable-looking indi vidual, named Richard Murphy, who stated he was a wine and spirit broker, and who had been liberated on bail, ap peared at the police-court, to answer certain charges preferred against him by a publican and his wife. Mr. Davenport appeared for the complainants, and Mr. Wardle for the ac cused. A police-officer said that the defendant was given into his custody about nine o'clock on Saturday night, at Mr. Henry Newton's, " Dick's Coffee-house," corner of Upper Dawson-street. Mr. Newton said he kept the tavern, and that on Christmas night when he went up out of the tap room, which is in the cellar, into the house, he found the defendant struggling with his wife and another person in the lobby. Having learned that he had been up stairs, where he had no business, he gave him in charge as a suspicious character. He admitted that lie knew him before ; that he knew his name to be Murphy, and that he had once had a wager with him, and had drunk a glass with him, which he (defendant) paid for. A servant girl, named Jane Large, said that on the night in question, while she was dressing in a room up stairs, a man, whom she took from his voice to be Mr. Newton, came up stairs to the door, which is at the end of a lobby of about twenty feet long, and asked for a light. Not being quite dressed she handed him the candle out, but seeing the defendant, who pushed at the door of the room to gain admittance, she held it with her foot and suc ceeded in keeping him out. He told her to be quiet, and she said he was an impudent fellow, upon which he laughed and pretended to be drunk. There was no drinking room up stairs. She had seen him once on a previous occasion when he had a glass in the back room. She denied that he had followed her up stairs. This was all the evidence as regarded the suspicion of felonious intent ; and Mr. Rushton said that it was quite clear he did not go up stairs to commit any robbery. Mr. Davenport then said that he should proceed against the defendant for an assault subsequently on Mr. and Mrs. Newton, and when the witnesses were all brought up that charge was proceeded with. Mrs. Newton said that on the same night, while she was with some friends, she heard the girl Large cry out from up stairs, and on going up found the defendant at the door of the room where the girl was. She asked him what took him there, and told him to go out of the house, when he struck her, and afterwerds her husband. He struck her first on the belly and afterwards on the forehead. She denied, on cross-examination, that there was a kissing-bush in the house. Jane Large being called, went over her former evidence, adding, that she afterwards heard the scuffle. A person named Barnett said he had been dining with Mr. and Mrs. Newton, and hearing the noise went out of the bar and found Mrs. Newton up stairs. He added some irrelevant matter as to a brace of pistols which the defendant carried on a former occasion. He was afraid to interfere, but distinctly saw the defendant strike Mrs. Newton. Mr. Newton repeated that on returning from the vaults he saw his wife struggling with the defendant in the passage, and on his interfering to get him out he struck him three times. The defendant when at bridewell said " I'll ruin your house : I will say I was lured up stairs by the women.,' The bridewell-keeper said he heard the defendant say " I'll ruin your house," and also, that he was taken up stairs by the wife, or the wife's sister. The defendant's coat, it appeared, was torn to pieces in the scuffle. He strongly denied the assault. Mr. Rushton animadverted in strong language on the conduct of the defendant, who, he said, had no doubt, gone up stairs for a disgraceful purpose after the girl, and had afterwards threatened to ruin the house by giv ing out that he had been enticed. He required him to pay the £5, or be imprisoned for two months. The fine was immediately paid. PETTY EMBEZZLEMENT.—A poor boy, named Robert Jones, was charged yesterday at the Police-office, with receiving sundry small sums due to a cart-owner, who had employed him to collect his accounts, and which he had not accounted for. The complainant said that the lad had nothing to depend upon, and that he gave him the accounts to collect, and as he had nowhere to lodge at, allowed him to sleep in the stable. Two cases were proved against him. The prisoner said that he was nearly starved to death. Mr. Rushton remarked that it was a great temptation to throw in the way of one so destitute; little else could be expected. The prisoner was put down, and will probably be merci fully dealt with, and strongly admonished him as to his future conduct. CHARGE OF DISORDERLY CONDUCT.—Yesterday., at the Police-court, a repectable-looking man, named Richard Kitchen, and his wife Margaret. appeared to answer a charge of disorderly conduct on the previous night, at the Elephant public-honse, in London-road. They had been given in charge by a police-officer, who saw them in an affray, but did not, it appeared, witness the commencement of it. The male prisoner (who had been admitted to bail) was seen to strike another man. The former said that he was in an apartment with his wife when the man alluded to came up and took his wife round the neck and kissed her twice. She not liking such liberties from a stranger, though it was Christmas time, slapped his face, and he struck her on the side of the head. The defendant returned him the compli ment. The prisoners were discharged. The man was em ployed at the gas-works, and had been consequently admitted to bail. CONCERT FOR PRAYER. - It will be seen from an adver tisement, that the Rev. J. H. Stewart purposes having a service at St. Bride's, ou Saturday morning next, being new year's day. The rev. gentleman will doubtless suitably im prove the occasion, especially as he has been the originator of the design for the meetings which have been held on the first day of the new year in various parts of the country for spe cial prayer for the outpouring of the Holy Spirit. EXTORTING A CONFESSION OF GUILT.—A boy, named James Stewart, was yesterday charged by a Mrs. Walton with stealing a box containing two pocket handkerchiefs, and a few other articles, which she said he had confessed to have taken. It appeared that he had been occasionally employed in the house, and had gone there on Christmas-day. She went out leasing him there, and she afterwards missed the box and its contents. She asked him about it, and he denied having taken it ; but on her pressing him to confess, saying it would be better for him, he admitted that be had taken it. Mr. Rushton said that the complainant had interfered with the due course of justice, and the prisoner must be dis charged. In such cases parties should always send for a police-officer, and not extort a confession by promises, which defeated any prosecution. The prisoner was discharged. • . .• • 'The Rev. - C.V. Richards has. been appointed to the curacy of St. Chad's, Lichfield, and not to the incumbency •as the notice in our last might appear to imply. It became the painful .duty a short time since to announce the stoppage of Messrs. Croft, the respectable soap-boilers of Liverpool: It is • therefore with the more gratification that it can now be stated, on the authority of private letters from quarters worthy of all faith in that port, that the firm has resumed business after an arrangement of their affairs with satisfaction to all interested.—Herald of Yesterday. The export of manufactured goods to the United States continues to be extensive. The packet-ship Oxford, which sailed on Thursday, bad a freight of £1,600, and the packet ship Patrick Henry, which sailed yesterday, one of £2,200. The floors of a warehouse, in Duke-street, near Suffolk street, fell in, the other day, in consequence of their having been overloaded with cotton and other produce. MRS. WARE, THE ANIERICAN POETESS. — We perceive that Mrs. Ware is about publishing her work. It will be ready on Wednesday next. It is entitled the "Power of the .Passions." , . HORTICULTURE. - Our friends who take pride in their gardens are referred to Mr. May's advertisement, which ap pears elsewhere. Gooseberry growers have now an oppor tunity of increasing their stalk to advantage. THE EUTERPEON.—A very beautiful and powerful enter peon will shortly be disposed of by ticket ; those who are in luck's way" should take a share. It is a prize well worth gaining. (See Adv.) DISPENSARY FOR DISEASES OF THE HEART AND LUNGS.—This infant institution appears, by the number of applicants for relief, and patients receiving it, to be coming more and more into public favour. We have been told of many surprising cases. Mr. Cronin has had uphill work in establishing the dispensary, but there is now every prospect of success. DISADVANTAGES OF ' 7 A BAD CllAßACTEll.—Jeremiah Burns, a young man well known to the police, he having been seven times previously committed, was yesterday placed at the bar of the police-court, he having been found lurking about the streets in a suspicious manner in the dead of the night. He pleaded hard to be let off, but the magistrate said that such characters must be not suffered to be at large at such hours, at a season when many persons were abroad who were unable to protect themselves. He was committed to gaol for three months. ASSAULT AT AN EATING HOUSE.—Yesterday, at the Police-court, George Bradley, a printer, and Henry John son, a chemist and druggist, was charged with disorderly conduct in an eating-house, kept by a Mr. Harding, on Sa turday night. One of them, it appeared, threw a knife violently at one of the female servants. They were each fined 40s. and costs. STEALING A TOP COAT.—A smart-looking youngish man, named Martin Hodson, was yesterday charged at the Police court, with stealing a top coat, the property of a person named Steines. It appeared that the prisoner had gone into the White Lion, in Dale-street, and having asked for a pen and ink, remained some time in a room by himself, and after he went the coat was missed. He was traced by the descrip tion given to Mr. Jones's, in Brownlow-hill, where he lodged ; and in his box were found twelve pawn-tickets, one of which was for the coat, which was produced and iden fied. He was committed for trial at the sessions. LADIES' CHARITY.—The annual ball in favour of this most excellent institution is announced to take place on Thursday evening next, at the Town-hall. It will be per ceived, by the notification elsewhere, that boats will attend at the Seacombe and Woodside slips, at one o'clock on Friday morning, for the convenience of parties living over the water. UNFOUNDED CIIARGE OF ROBBERY.—A decently-dressed young man, named Thomas Wallace, was yesterday charged, at the police-court, with robbing another yonng man (Rath bone) of 18s.—The complainant said that he had been at a suppering on Saturday night, and in going home, saw the prisoner at the door of a public-house at the corner of Bold street. The money was then taken from his pocket, and no one else was near him. He gave him into custody, but no money was found upon him.—The prisoner said he and a companion were going home, when he was to his surprise charged with the robbery, though he was not within some yards of him. He called his companion, a young man named Bailey, who said that the complainant was at the door of a public-house with a girl, endeavouring to gain admittance, and that he was quite drunk at the time. Neither of them went close to him at all. Mr. Rushton reprehended the con duct of the complainant, in getting drunk, being in such company, and charging another person with robbing him, — if, indeed, he was robbed at all. The prisoner was discharged. CAUTION TO HOUSEKEEPERS. — On Friday last, shortly after twelve o'clock at noon, some thieves effected an en trance (at the back) into the dwelling-house of Mr, Crisp, Slater-street, whilst the servants were up stairs for a few minutes, and decamped with a basket containing plate worth between ten and twelve pounds. Several silver articles were lying on the table near to the basket, but whether the scoun drels were alarmed or otherwise, they did not carry any of em away. Housekeepers cannot be too much upon their lard at this period of the year in properly securing the doors eir houses for whatever short period they may leave the 0 rooms RIGHTFUL ACCIDENT AT MANCHESTER MANCHESTER, SUNDAY MORNING.—I regret to state that, in removing the outer ruins of the buildings which were destroyed by fire last week in this town, no less than lives have been sacrificed. and ten other workmen so se riously injured that the lives of three of them are quite de spaired of. In my last communication it was stated that the whole of the property belonging to the Liverpool and Man chester Union Carriers' Company was consumed, and that nothing but the walls remained standing. The firemen were actively engaged in removing the property which it was con sidered could be saved from destruction, and they succeeded in recovering a much greater amount than might have been anticipated. At an early hour on Friday morning the wall facing the London-road was pulled down, and the workmen then made preparations to take down the wall in Grosvenor street, standing immediately over the two arches of the branches of the Rochdale Canal, which runs underneath the property. - - I believe this duty was intrusted to Mr. Clarke Palding, the contractor for the Manchester and Birmingham Railway Company, and that under the direction of his foreman the erection the scaffolding was commenced. Various opinions are expressed as to the danger of erecting the scaffolding within the interior of the ruins, inasmuch as the long extent of the wall was evidently leaning in that direction ; but, as it was considered safe by those whose duty it was to inspect it, the works were continued. In the course of the day many parts of the ruins were pulled down by ropes without any ac cident, and no danger was apprehended from the exterior portions of the warehouse. At about four o'clock the men had raised the scaffolding nearly four stories high, and there were at that time numer ous workmen engaged underneath in the removal of the rubbish and materials which had been thrown against the basement of the wall. At twenty minutes past four that portion of the wall which stood nearest Grosvenor-street, and at which the men were chiefly engaged, suddenly gave way ; the consequence of which was, that the workmen em ployed were thrown from their standing, and, as will be seen by the subjoined return, either killed or so severely injured, that their lives are despaired of. The centre of the wall fell outwards, whilst the left-hand portion fell within the shell of the ruins, but the men engaged near had time to remove from the spot, so great was the crash which the first fall created. It is singular, that although this wall was seven stories high, it did not in its descent reach more than half way across the building ; thus, it must be evident, that the base or foundation gave way, and that the whole of the super structure immediately followed. This is the more easily accounted for when it is considered that the wall itself is built rather upon the curve, and over two branches of the Rochdale Canal. At the time that the accident occurred, a boat, belonging to Lord Francis Egerton, was passing un derneath the ruins, but fortunately the men perceived the wall tottering, and running forward, escaped with their lives, although a portion of the brick-work fell on the stern of the flat, and it is still covered, and not at present able to be continued on its voyage. Soon after this distressing occurrence a search was made for the bodies of those who were said to be under the ruins. The rumours were of course various, and, as usual, exagge rated, but I am sorry to inform you that five of the workmen are now lying dead at the infirmary, and that two are not expected to live throughout the night, whilst ten others are seriously injured and wounded. Their names are—John Parkins, Thomas Finnigan, Patrick Conlan, George Proud man, Patrick Radical, Michael Mahon, Thomas Garland, Jong Donally, Patrick Finnigan, William Harrison, Michael Dolan, Patrick Tully, William Hurly, Thomas Silcox, and John Roach—in all, 15 persons. The first man taken to the Infirmary was named Thomas Finnigan. He was 33 years of age, and has left a wife and three children. The second was :Patrick Tulley, 32 years of age, with a wife and one child. The third, Michael Do lan, 24 years of age, and a single man. The fourth, Arthur Roach, 23 years of age, and a single man. The fifth, John Donally, also a single man. These all died, almost instanta neously after being brought to the infirmary. The unfortu nate man Roach was most horribly mutilated. His head was completely smashed, and his body reduced to a mere mummy. Tulley presented a more horrifying appearance. Both his legs were severed from his body, his face and chest were dreadfully mutilated, and his extremities greatly swollen. Both of these unfortunate men were also much injured by the fire, which still burnt beneath the ruins with great intensity. Of the other ten men conveyed to the infirmary, it may be said that two will not survive throughout the night. The remaining seven it is hoped will eventually recover, although a long time must elapse before they are enabled to resume their work. It was most distressing and heartrending to hear the cries and lamentations of the wives of the unfortunate men who have thus been hurried into eternity. Long before the bodies of some of them had been discovered, the children or sisters having heard of the accident were bewailing the loss of their parents or relations in the most pitiable terms, and if possible the scene was rendered more distressing when the dead bodies were recognised at the infirmary this morning. Since the occurrence the most dangerous part of the build ing has been pulled down, and there will not, I hope, be any more sacrifice of human life. There is now one of the workmen under the ruins, but up to one o'clock this morning his body had not been recovered, or any traces of it as yet found. Every attention was paid to the sufferers as they were conveyed to the Infirmary by Mr. Holland, the house apothecary. Yesterday morning Lord Francis Egerton arrived in town, and having visited the ruins and made a few inquiries, imme diately went to the Infirmary. His lordship there inquired particularly as to the circumstances of the unhappy men who have lost their lives, as well as those who have been otherwise injured. The noble lord appeared much affected by this deplorable sacrifice of human life, and I may remark that his lordship offered no opinion, but made the most minute in quiries into the particulars of this distressing event. The origin of the fire has not yet been discovered, further than the opinion I have before given. The captain of the boat and his son are fast recovering, and it is possible some thing may be learnt from them respecting it. The committee of those who have been losers have not yet concluded their inquiries, but I am told, upon the best authority, that the loss will exceed the sum I previously mentioned, of £30,000. FURTHER PARTICULARS -DEATH OF TWO MORE OF THE SUFFERERS MONDAY EVENING.—I regret to inform you that two more of the unfortunate men hurt at the late melancholy accident in Piccadilly, Manchester, have died from their , wounds. Their names are Garland and Mahon (or Makin, for he is called by both names.) These men died this morn ing. There is now no probability of Radical's recovery, and Harrison is still in a very precarious state. Inquests have been held on the bodies of the seven de ceased, before our rival coroners, W. S. Rutter and J. Chap man, Esqrs., at the Infirmary, this day, when, after a long investigation into the circumstances of the accident, verdicts of " accidental death" were returned by both juries. It is feared that the bodies of two or three other men may yet be in the ruins of the building, several men having been engaged to work on the day of the accident, whose names were not taken down by the contractor. There is no chance of their rescue alive, however, and as, from the condition of the western wall of the warehouse, the lives of those em ployed to search the ruins would momentarily be exposed to danger, it has been thought prudent to wait till the wall shall have been thrown down. We are informed that during the recent visit of Sir James Graham to Netherby, he has provided abundant employment for the labourers of the district, by the diversion of various watercourses.—Carlisle Patriot. The Rev. Augustus Hewitt is to be minister of St. James's. Ryde, Isle of Wight, void by the cession of the Rev. R. W. Sibthorp. LATEST FROM THE UNITED STATES. PRESIDENT TYLER'S MESSAGE. By the arrival, at a late hour, of the American packet-ship Independence, we are in possession of New York papers to the Bth inst., with the annual message to Congress of the American President Tyler, dated Washington, December 7, Of this document, which is very legthy, we can only afford space, at this late hour, to give the snbstance. After the usual congratulatory paragraphs, President Tyler proceeds to notice the case of M'Leod's acquittal and subse quent discharge ; and states, that although the British go vei nment had formally taken upon itself the responsibility of the act (the destruction of the Caroline) for an alleged impli cation in which that individual had been formally put upon his trial, and had made the demand for his discharge on the ground that he was only fulfilling the orders of his government, yet that by his acquittal such demand had been " answered in the only way in which it could be answered by a government the powers of which are distributed amongst the several departments by the fundamental law." And adds— " Happily for the people of Great Britain, as well as those of the United States, the only mode by which an individual, arraigned for a criminal offence, before the courts of either, can obtain his discharge, is by the independent action of the judiciary, and by proceedings equally familiar to the courts of both countries." By a subsequent passage he affords to us the most satisfac tory assurance that had M`Leod been found guilty by the State Court by which he was tried, the general legislature could not have interfered to stay the sentence, and intimates that, M`Leod having declined to prosecute a writ of error from the State Court to the Supreme Court in the first in stance, his government was not intitled to complain, whatever might have been the result. " In cases of this kind, a government becomes politically responsible only, when its tribunals of last resort are shown to have rendered unjust and injurious judgments in matters not doubtful." The anomalous position of the central government with re spect to the state legislatures, as displayed throughout this question, has not escaped the President, as will be perceived from the following remarks:— " I cannot fail, however, to suggest to Congress the pro priety, and, in some degree, the necessity, of making such provisions by law, so far as they may constitutionally do so, for the removal at their commencement, and at the option of the party, of all such cases as may hereafter arise, and which may involve the faithful observance and execution of our in ternational obligations, from the State to the Federal Jus- ticia.). This government, by our institutions, is charged with the maintenance of peace and the preservation of ami cable relations with the nations of the earth, and ought to possess, without question, all the reasonable and proper means of maintaining the one and preserving the other. Whilst just confidence is felt in the Justiciary of the States, yet this government ought to be competent in itself for the fulfilindnt of the high duties which have been devolved upon it under the organic law, by the States themselves." He proceeds next to notice the satisfactory termination of the Grogan affair, and regrets to state that it is not in his power to state a similar termination of the affair of the Caro line, for the burning of which he insists that an atonement is due to the American government, notwithstanding the pos sible employment of that vessel in the service of rebels making war upon Canada, as having been accompanied and accomplished by means of an invasion of tne American ter ritory—which that government can never permit to any state " untill they shall voluntarily acknowledge their in ability to acquit themselves of their own duties to others." Upon the question of the right of search in case os sus picion claimed by the British Flag for fhe suppression of the slave trade in the African seas, President Tyler is very decided. The British Governmen, he maintains, has no right to exer cise the powers of search conferred upon her by treaties with other powers, without her consent to those treaties. The Americans " cannot consent, however anxious they may be for the suppression of the slave trade, to interpolations into the maritime code, at the mere will acid pleasure of other governments. We deny the right of any such interpolation to any one, or all the nations of the earth, without our consent. We claim to have a voice in all amendments or alterations of teat code—anti when we are given to understand, as in this instance, by a foreign government, that its treaties with other nations cannot be executed without the establish ment and enforcement of new principles of maritime police, to be applied without our consent, we must employ a lan guage neither of equivocal import, or susceptible of miscon struction. American citizens prosecuting a lawful com merce in the African seas, under the flag of their country, are not responsible for the abuse or unlawful use of that flag by others ; nor can they rightly on account of any such alleged abuses, be interrupted, molested, or detained while on the ocean; and if thus molested and detained, while pur suing honest voyages in the usual way, and violating no law themaelves, they are unquestionably entitled to indemnity." In continuation he expressed his confidence that such rea- sonable indemnity will not be refused by the British govern ment ; and in the meantime the possibility of American ves sels, or vessels under the American flag, contrary to the ex press law of the republic, being engaged in this traffic, he recommended to Congress the consideration of measures of increased stringency for the prevention of such abuses. A correspondence between Lord Palmerston and Mr. Ste- venson with respect to the rice duties is briefly noticed, and the president then proceeds to notice, in very general but at the same time conciliating terms, the progress of the survey upon the boundary question, which, in a short time, be hopes to be able to lay before the department of state. He next proceeds to notice an expected arrangement with the govern ment of Spain for the payment of the claims upon it in arrea:( to the eitizens of the United States—the state of the negoci ation for the ratification of a treaty of commerce with Bel gium —the state of the Texas boundary question, and th 2 prospects of that republic generally—and the relations of the United States government with the republics of South America. A convention had been entered into with the Peruvian Government, providing for the settlement of certain claims of the citizens of the republic ; those against the Brazilian Republic remained unsatisfied, but it is hoped an adjustment be made without delay. The war with the Indian tribes in Florida had been prosecuted with rigour, and the energy of the troops had " crowned them with unfading laurels." It was hoped the war would speedily terminate, and that through acts of kindness and benevolence, civilization might be imparted to the child of the forest. The sixth census of the inhabitants of the States had been taken, and exhibited a total of 17,069,453, making an increase since 1830, of 4,202,646 inhabitants,—the increase being 327 per cent. in the last ten years. The state of the treasury is next entered upon. The total expenditure for the year is 32,025,070 dollars, leaving a deficiency to be provided for on the Ist January, 1842, of 627,557 dollars. The message most notices the tariff of duties ; and with re ference to any necessity that may arise for additional imports, the President states that so long as the duties have direct re ference to the wants of the treasury, no well-founded objec tion can be urged against them. " Some of the provisions of the compromise act, which will go into effect on the 30th June next, may, however, be found exceedingly inconvenient in practice, under any regu lations that Congress may adopt." This regarded home valuations. " I recommend (says he) this whole subject to the consi deration of Congress, with a single additional remark. Cer tainty and permanency in any system of government policy are, in all respects, eminently desirable ; but more particu larly is this true in all that affects trade and commerce, the operations of which depend much more on the certainty of their returns, and calculations which embrace distant periods of time, than on high bounties or duties, which are liable to constant fluctuations." Upon the Currency Question, the president enters at some length into a statement of his views, deprecating the exorbitantly large issues of paper money by the state banks irredeemable in specie, and gives the heads of the measure which is to be introduced by the secretary of the treasury, to place the entire regulation of the currency tinder a perma nent system, the heads of which he thus details : " It proposes by effectual restraints, and by invoking the true spirit of our institutions, to separate the purse from the sword ; or more properly to speak, denies any other control to the President over the agents who may be selected to carry it into execution, but what may be indispensably necessary to secure the fidelity of such agents; and by whose regulations, keeps plainly apart from each other, private and public funds. It contemplates the establishment of a Board of Control, at the Seat of Government, with agencies at prominent com mercial points, or wherever else Congress shalil direst for the safe-keeping and disbursement of the public moneys, and a substitution, at the option of the public creditor, of Treasury notes, in lieu of gold and silver. It proposes to limit the is sues to the amount of 15,000,000 dollars, without the express sanction of the legislative power. It also authorises the receipt of individual deposits of gold and silver to a limited amount, and the granting certificates of deposit, divided into such sums as may be called for by the depositors. It pro ceeds a step further, and authorises the purchase and sale of Domestic Bills and Drafts, resting on a real and substantial basis, payable at sight, or having but a short time to run, and drawn on places not less than one hundred miles apart — which authority, except in so far as may be necessary for government purposes exclusively, is only to be exerted upon the express condition, that its exercise shall not be prohi i bited by the State in which the agency is situated. " In order to cover tne expenses incident to the plan, it will be authorised to receive moderate premiums for certifi cates issued on deposits, and on bills bought and sold, and thus, as far as its dealings extend, to furnish facilities to com mercial intercourse at the lowest possible rates, and to sub duct from the earnings of industry the least possible sum. It uses the State Banks at a distance from the agencies, as auxi liaries, without imparting any power to trade in its name. It is subjected to such guards and restraints as have appeared to be necessary. It is the creature of law, and exists only at the pleasure of the legislature. It is made to rest on an actual spe cie basis, in order to redeem the notes at the places of issue— produces no dangerous redundancy of circulation—affords no temptation to speculation—is attended by no inuation of prices—is equable in its operation—makes the treasury notes, which it may use along with the certificates of deposit, and the notes of specie-daying banks—convertible at the place where collected, receivable in payment of government dues— and, without violating any principle of the constitution, affords the government and the people such facilities as are called for by the wants of both. Such, it has appeared to me, . are its recommendations, and view of them it will be sub mitted, whenever you may require it, to your consideration." Upon the subject of the debts owing by the various states, and principally expended by them in internal improvements, the president thus expresses himself : " For the debts thus contracted the states are alone re sponsible. I can do no more than express the belief that each state :will feel itself bound, by every consideration of honour, as well of interest, to meet its engagements with punctuality. The failure, however, of any one state to do so, should in no degree affect the credit of the rest ; and the foreign capitalist will have no just cause to experience alarm as to all other state stocks, because any one or more of the stat©s may neglect to provide with punctuality the means of redeeming their engagements. Even such States, should there be any, considering the great rapidity with which their resources arc developing themselves, will not fail to have the means, at no very distant day, to redeem CORRESPONDENCE. THE WEST INDIA MAIL QUESTION their obligations to the uttermost farthing ; nor will I doubt but that in view of that honourable conduct which has ever more governed the States, and the People of the Union, they will each and all resort to every legitimate expedient, before they will forego a faithful compliance with their obligations. The progress made in the fortifications designed for the protection of the principal cities, roadsteads, and inland frontier, during the year, together with their actual condition, would be reported by the secretary of state. They would be We have pleasure in giving insertion to toe tollowing la ter of " A Manchester Merchant," upon the \Vest India Mail question, which is important, as affording additional evidence of the propriety of a suggestion thrown out by us in our article of Friday last, which our correspondent appears not to have seen when he addressed us. In advocating the selec- tion of Liverpool as the port of arrival and departure of the West India mails, we have ever guarded ourselves from any expression which could lead to the supposition that our ad vocacy was actuated by considerations of merely local inte rest. Upon this question, the claim of Liverpool is that, as well, of the entire manufacturing districts of the North of disposal of the secretary would allow. The President parti cularly calls attention to the line of military posts from Council Bluffs to some point in the Pacific Ocean, within the limits of the States. He considers that this will give protec tion to the fur trade, and enable them to cultivate friendly relations with savage tribes, and protect the frontier settle ments in the west. England ; it is that, too, of the whole of Scotland, which is deeply interested in the commerce and in the property of our West India colonies, and of the western world generally ; and it is of urgent importance, therefore, that, in any appeal which may be made to the legislature during the approaching session, (and the question, be it remembered, has never as yet been legislatively settled,) the effort should be a com bined and simultaneous one. The port of Liverpool has already, to some extent, been heard upon the question, in committee. But let Manchester—let the entire manufactu ring districts which are interested as well as Liverpool—be heard also, even if the claim to be so heard involve the ne cessity of a third committee being appointed ; for until that course is taken it cannot be said that British justice has been done to them by the legislature. We shall not attempt to add anything to the able argu ments of our correspondent ; but shall only suggest to him, and to others who hold similar views, the importance of agi tating the question in their own local press. Although the columns of the LIVERPOOL STANDARD shall always be open to the advocacy of a subject in which we take so deep an interest, yet we are satisfied that, for the purpose of stirring the public of Manchester to exertion, the press of Manches ter is the best and most efficient organ. The condition of the navy would be laid before congress. Every effort would be made to add to its efficiency ; and its support is strongly urged. " Inducements (says the President) of the weightiest cha racter exist for the adoption of this course of policy. Our extended and otherwise exposed maritime frontier, calls for protection, to the furnishing of which an efficient naval force is indispensable. We look to no foreign conquests, nor do we propose to enter into competition with any other nation for supremacy on the ocean—but it is due not only to the honor but to the security of the people of the United States, that no nation should be permitted to invade our waters at plea sure, and subject our towns and villages to conflagration or pillage." He, however, recommends economy in all expenditure not absolutely necessary. TO THE EDITOR OF TIIE LIVERPOOL STANDARD SIR,—You have complained, and I think with reason, of the apathy, on the part of the corporation and merchants of Liverpool, which has allowed the West India mail packets to be despatched from the port of Southampton instead of from Liverpool,—the centre of the correspondence and com mercial transactions between the manufacturing districts and that part of the globe. But if you have ground to complain, how much more has Manchester, whose merchants and ma nufacturers are so deeply interested in the choice of a near port of arrival and departure for these mails, a right to ex claim against the entire immobility of her authorities with respect to this important question ? The manufacturers and merchants of Manchester carry on a large and increasing commerce in the markets for which these mails are established as the mode of communication; and yet I am not aware that our liberal authorities, with all their desire for something to employ themselves upon, have ever taken a step to assert our claims to be considered in the selection of a port. You have shown, I think conclusively. that Liverpool possesses superior advantages of a nautical nature, as well as otherwise, over any of the proposed chan nel ports ; and I cannot but think that if the authorities and the mercantile interests of yonr town and of Manchester The post-office department is next alluded to ; but nothing of interest in this country is developed. The message notices the exercise of a privilege by the Pre sident, from usage alone, of removing incumbents from of fice, in order to substitute others in favour with the domi nant party. He (the President) had himself exercised this phwer only in cases of unfaithfulness or inability, or in those in which it appeared necessary, in order to discountenance the spirit of partizanship in the holders of office which withdraws them from the steady and impartial discharge of their official duties, exerts an undue influence over elections, and degrades the character of the government itself. He trusted this system would be abrogated, and would lend his constitutional authority for that purpose. The President concludes by recommending to congress the interests of Washington district, for which ti .aey were the public buildings, recommends that they towards the expense of an efficient polioe approaching session of parliament, it is not yet too late to procure a reversal of the decision, which appears to have been come to, in favour of Southampton, and to bring this important line to Liverpool,—the only station, in my opi nion, where it can be productive of the full benefit which it is calculated to confer upon the commerce of the country. Parhaps you will allow me the necessary space to lay be fore your readers the mode in which the working of these mails out of Southampton will affect the exporters of manu factured goods from this district. We do not calculate that any great quantity of merchandise will ever be transmitted by steam conveyance to any of the markets which these packets will visit. Still, however, to some extent, they will be used for the despatch of such goods, of a light descrip tion, as may be urgently in request, and upon which there fore the exporter can afford to pay advanced rates offreight. Even in these cases, however, it is very doubtful whether any description of goods will ever be able to cover the tre mendous additional expense of land carriage to so distant a port as Southampton; and, for the transit of goods, there fore, these mails, if continued at this or any other channel port, must be almost totally unavailable to us. In addition to the increased cost, however, the loss of time, in the conveyance of goods for so great a distance inward, is an insuperab' r - ^.e tl: f a packet STATE OF TRADE (From the New York Morning Herald of the Sth Dec.) ASIIES.—Pots and Pearls have both submitted to a de. dine ; the former were yesterday sold at 5 dots. 75, and the latter at 5 dols. 50, and were quite dull at these rates.—COT TON remains at our last average prices, and about 500 bales were sold yesterday, principally for shipping. FLOUR.—The market is without animation, and will doubtless so continue until the arrival of the steamer at Boston, the news by which is anxiously expected. We quote Genesee at 6 dols. 25, firm ; Troy 6 dols. 25 a 6 dols. 37 ; Ohio 6 dols. IS a 6 dols. 25 ; Michigan 6 dols. 12 a 6 clots. 25 ; Southern. nominal. — GRAlN.—Wheat and Rye are both scarce, and the latter readily commands SO cents. Yesterday 1000 bushels Jer sey corn sold at 70 cents. Oats are dull at 49 a5O cents. The remainder of the Message is chiefly occupied with the developement of the views of the President upon the Currency question, and some other matters which are at too great a length to be analized at this late hour. TAKING IT COOLLY.—Commodore Napier was sitting in an arm-chair by the wheel, and although several gallant officers on board began to look a little astonished at the thickly-com ing missiles, the sturdy commodore did not so much as turn his head ; but in a calm voice, and motioning with his hand, said to the steersman—" Port a little—port—that will do ;" and thus the ship's head being slightly altered, the enemy's range was so far confounded.—Hunter's Expedition lo Syria. CALVIN'S PERSONAL APl's ARANCE.—A letter preserevd in the archaeological collections of Grehus gives us a graphic picture of Calvin's personal appearance. "He resembles an old hermit of the Thebaid, emaciated by vigils and fast ing, his cheeks colourless as that of a corpse; but his bril liant eyes glow with an unearthly fire. His figure is slightly bowed ; the bones seem bursting . through his skin ; but his gait is steady, and his step firm.' - - - .fie objection. _or suppost se case o LOW at that port, say a week before the sailing of the outward bound mail, and containing advices to a merchant here of any particular class of goods being urgently wanted by his correspondent in the West Indian or South American markets. Were Liverpool the port of departure such goods would undoubtedly be forwarded in time for despatch per steamer, as it is well known is frequently the case with orders brought from the United States by the American liners, where the goods are prepared in less time than this, and, for the sake of dispatch, are forwarded by packets at fall rates in preference to the transient ships, which would take them at half the freights. The time, however, occupied by the in land carriage to Southampton would, independent of increased expense, be sufficient to deter merchants in most cases from even the attempt to avail themselves of the steam conveyances to any of those markets. arriving STARVATION IN FRANCE.—The Journal de la Somme states, that an agricultural labourer fell from weakness, caused by hunger, on the high road near Porte Noyon, on Monday last. It appeared on examination, that the unfortunate in dividual had existed for several days on grass and cabbage stalks. Some charitable persons who were informed of this occurrence, hastened to procure him some bread and wine, which he devoured with avidity. " Thus," observes this journal, " in the year 1841, in a rich country like France, persons are to be found to die of hunger." It might be added, in a country too, where there are no corn-laws. FORGERIES AT THE CUSTOM-HOUSE, BRISTOL, DEC. 17. —Much anxiety has been felt by the commercial world here in consequence of a gentleman holding a high situation in the Custom-house having absconded, and who, it is alleged, has committed forgeries to the amount of about £l,OOO or £9,000 ; about £7,000 of forged acceptances having been already ascer tained, one or two of which, it is said, are held by the branch of the Bank of England. The individual is very highly con nected, and the acceptances, it is said, purport to be those of a distinguished and gallant officer of high rank in the army. You will, I trust, excuse me for trespassing upon your valuable columns with these hasty remarks. My object is principally to call the attention of the merchants of Liverpool to the importance of this question to the interests of my fel low townsmen, in the hope that some effort will be made by Liverpool and Manchester jointly to procure the reversal of the sentence of exclusion from the benefits of rapid intercourse with the valuable markets of the western world, which has, only temporarily I trust, been passed against us. May I suggest through your columns a meeting of the parties inte rested in both towns, and the adoption of a joint memorial to goverunzent ? 'We have had gatherings of late upon subjects of much less practical importance and feasibility ; and I can not think that the voice of such a meeting as I propose could fail to be listened to with consideration by any government, much less by the present.-1 remain, Sir, &c., &c.. A MANCHESTER MERCHANT. Manchester, 21. th Dee., 1841. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD Sin,—Permit me, through the medium of your journal, to direct the attention of the benevolent gentlemen, who may take upon themselves the superintendence of .provisioning the Soup Kitchens about to be opened for the poor of this town, to an advertisement of a sale by auction on Thursday next, the 20th instant, by Messrs. Roston, Arnold, and Leete, of three tons of what is therein called " Portable Rus sian Soup," imported by Messrs. H. and J. Harnby and Co. As the properties of this article and its uses abroad may not be generally known to the public, I trust to be excused, by the parties abovenamed, in volunteering the following re marks : . . Music or NATURE IN NORWAY.—StiII as everything is to the eye, sometimes for a hundred miles together along these deep sea-valleys, there is rarely silence. The ear is kept awake by a thousand voices. In the summer there are cataracts leaping from ledge to ledge of the rocks, and there is the bleating of the kids that browse there, and the flap of the great eagle's wings as it dashes abroad from its eyrie, and the cries of whole clouds of sea-birds which inhabit the islets ; and all these sounds are mingled and multiplied by the strong echoes till they become a din as loud as that of a city. Even at night, when the flocks are in the fold, and the birds at roost, and the echoes themselves seem to be asleep, there is occasionally a sweet music heard, too soft for even the listening ear to catch by day. Every breath of summer wind that steals through the pine forests wakes this music as it goes. The stiff spiny leaves of the fir and pine vibrate with the breeze, like the string of a musical instrument, so that every breath of the night wind in a Norwegian forest wakens a myriad of tiny harps, and this gentle and mournful music may be heard in gushes the whole night through. This music, of course, ceases when each tree becomes laden with snow ; but yet there is sound in the midst of the longest winter night. There is the rumble of some avalanche, as, after a drifting storm, a mass of snow, too heavy to keep its place, slides and tumbles from the mountain peak. There is also now and then a loud crack of the ice in the nearest glacier ; and, as many declare, there is a crackling to be heard by those who listen when the northern lights are shooting and blazing across the sky. Nor is this all. Wherever there is a nook between the rocks and the shore, where a man may build a house, and clear a field or two; wherever there is a platform beside the eataract where the sawyer may plant his mill, and make a path for it to join some road, there is a hu man habitation, and the sounds that belong to it. Thence in -- winter nights, come music and laughter, and the tread of dan- We insert the following printed circular, issued by Edwin cers, and the hum of many voices. The Norwegians are a Eddison, Esq., the town clerk of Leeds, calling a public social and hospitable people ; and they hold their gay meet- meeting in Leeds, for the purpose of an enquiry into the ings, in defiance of their arctic climate, through every sea- practicability of freeing that great manufacturing district from son of the year.—Miss Martineau's Feats of the Fiord. the nuisance of smoke. We really think the example well LAKES OF LLANDERIS.—The two lakes of Llanberis are worth imitation in our own town, and at least would suggest of considerable extent, and are connected by the river Seiont , that our p ublic authorities should depute some one from our which passes through them. The upper one, sometimes Improvement Committee to attend the meeting , and re p ort called Llyn Peris, is about a mile in leng th and half a mile in officially at the Town-hall. breadth ; the other Llyn Padern, named after the founder of (Circular.) the ruined castle hard by, is much longer, but not so wide. " Leeds, 16th December, 1841. They are of great depth, descending in some parts one hun- " PREVENTION OF SMOKE. dred and forty yards, and are reported formerly to hav e had " Sir—Having for some years been exceedingly anxious to abundance of red and golden char, and other fish; but these prevent the great nu i s ance in Leeds, arisin g from the smoke tenants of the waters have nearly disappeared, and to the of large furnaces, especially those of steam engines and dye angler the pools now afford little sport, from the injurious houses, I at the last quarter sessions of the peace for the effect produced on them by the neighbouring copper works. borough of Leeds, indicted three of the worst, which I se- These lakes have not the picturesque character belonging to lected by lot, and the grand jury found true bills against Bala. Gwynant, and many other Welsh pools, from the ab- them all. But, although I think many of the smoke-makers Bence of the trees that adorn their banks ; but the boldness have been very reprehensible for the indifference they have and grandeur of the mountains on either side, which consist shown to the comfort, health and cleanliness of their fellow of bald, weather-beaten, eccentric rocks, create a scene un- townsmen, there are others who have shown an earnest zeal, matched for vastness and sublimity throughout the island. almost regardless of expense, to do what they can to remedy On a projecting eminence, at the foot of the other lake, stand the evil. I am, therefore, very desirous of adopting some the mouldering ruins of Dolbadern Tower, one of the few course by which I can convince them, (for lam fully con structures the remains of which are still left in the narrow vinced myself, by personal examination,) that smoke can be passes of the hills. Dolbadern was the central fortress corn- burnt or prevented, and that too with a great saving of fuel. manding the mountain passes into Anglesea, and strength- " I have therefore resolved to call a meeting, at the large ened the defences which the Snowdonian region afforded in room in the Music Hall, in Leeds, on Wednesdya, the 12th the valiant and desperate struggles for national liberty. It January next, at twelve o'clock at noon ; and on the two is built in a circular form with hard laminated stone and slate, preceding days the room will be at liberty for patentees or strongly cemented with mortar ; and from its structure seems other inventors, in priority of application, to exhibit models, to justify the theory of Mr. Rowland as to the early eastern plans, sections, or diagrams. origin of all British fortresses. The inner diameter measures " I have no connection, engagement, or undertaking on this twenty-six feet, its height is between eighty and ninety, and subject, either with the smoke makers or smoke preventers, the thickness of its walls nearly eight. It appears to have nor do I intend to have any, except so far as it may be re had three stories, besides the vaulted basement used as a quisite for me to come to a fair investigation of the inventions dungeon ; and the broken steps by which I ascended showed of the former and the just objections of the latter ; nor am I that the communication was by a spiral staircase. That it responsible to any person, committee, or public body, for the stood many an attack, the tumulus of loose stones at the foot course lam taking. of the lower lake, and other remains of ancient fortifications, "Itis of great importance to health and comfort that more offer a sufficient proof.—From Roscoe's North Wales, new attention should be paid to the prevention of smoke than edilion. has hitherto been; but it is also important, that as parlia ment may take up the question and introduce a law for sum - D R EADFUL COAL-PIT ACCIDENT.—At a coal-pit belong ing to Messrs. Job and Page Taylor, at Darlaston, a frightful miry convictions, we should prevent restrictions that may accident occurred on Tuesday morning last. Three men and De injurious to trade and manufactures. William Beckett, Esq. M.P., for Leeds, will take the a boy were descending to their work, when the skip on which chair ; he will give each inventor an opportunity of very they were standing, before their heads were lower than the mouth of the pit, got detached from the rope, and they fell a shortly explaining his apparatus ; and afterwards, questions depth of more than 30 yards. They were all pitiably niuti- may be asked in explanation : but it is not proposed to allow fated. Henry Itch, who has left a wife and six children, was the inventors to question each other in public, because it killed on the spot • and two others, Henry Sedley and George might lead to personal remarks. Whitehouse, without families, have died since. Richard " After these are done, I expect a resolution to be pro- Whitehouse, the boy, is in a dangerous state, with both his legs posed, and which I hope will be carried, to the effect that broken.—Staffordshire Examiner. smoke may be burnt or prevented with a saving of fuel : but whether such a resolution be carried or not, I shall have the CHRISTENING OF THE PRINCE OF WALES.—On Tires- satisfaction of thinking that I have done my best to give to day, the 25th of January, the infant Prince of Wales will be all a fair opportunity for discussion. received into the communion of the church, and pronounced " I shall feel obliged by an answer within one week from as a member of the Christian faith ;in other words, the bap- this date, in order that 1 may know what room to provide for tism of that august scion of royalty—the future sovereign of models, &c., as three patentees have already agreed to come millions incalculable at present, of millions yet unborn — will and exhibit. take place, and the hearts of the British people gladdened " I propose to send this circular to those only who have it with the joyful ceremony. This announcement may be de- some way or other been before the public on the subject. pended upon as authentic, and we feel the deepest gratifica- " I am, Sir, yours very obediently, tion. as well as great honour, at having the means of making " EDWIN EDDISON. it. Further observations we shall leave to the appropriate " P.S.—Please to address—' Edwin Eddison, Town-clerk period.—Observer. CHARACTERISTICS OF WELLINGTON.—An - Israelite of Dover wrote the other day to the Duke of Wellington, re questing his grace to discharge a debt of 14s due from the Marquis of Douro, as he would be glad of the monish. The noble duke's answer was written on the other side of the note, in the following strain :—" F. M. the Duke of Wellington is not the Marquis of Douro., neither does he collect Mr. It's Debts." The answer was so truly characteristic of this ex traordinary man, that Mr. R. has refused a considerable sum of money for the autograph. — Kent paper. SHUTTING OF THE GATES.—The 153 d anniversary of that glorious event which so mainly contributed to place the House of Brunswick on the British throne, was celebra ted in this city on Saturday last, with every demonstration of loyalty and respect. The ceremonial of it by the Appren tice Boys was the same as was observed upon every previous occasion of the commemoration ; and never was there a stronger or more earnest feeling of attachment to those pre cious blessings--civil and religious—purchased with the hearts' blood of our ancestors, that was manifested by the Loyal Leather Aprons upon this last anniversary. That proud and unbending spirit of loyalty which scorned to bow before the bigot James ll. ' when he approached our Walls in regal state a century and a half ago, has descended an un diminished legacy to many of their sons ; and that indomi table spirit of patriotism that hurled the bold defiance, " No Surrender," in the face of the enemies of the land, beat with healthful vigour in the breast of our uncompromising Apprentice Boys.—Londonderry Sentinel. It is used in the kitchens of the wealthy in Russia without exception, and probably in greater proportions by our own countrymen than by the natives themselves, generally along with flesh meat newly slaughtered, which imparts to the soup a freshness of flavour. Of itself, being a pure concentrated animal gelative, it has little taste, but when diffused through vegetable substances such as barley, rice, and such like, it is most soothing to the stomach as well as palatable ; and com bining what is supposed to be a main principle of nourish ment to the human body, it is well worthy of the attention of the gentlemen above alluded to, who are about to minister to the wants of the poor at this season of distress. Your scientific friends will be best able to state the pro portions of gelative and extractive which is contained in a given weight of the muscle of an ox, and as the article in ques tion is composed of those substances in a concentrated state, its value for the purpose of making soup may be compared with that of a given weight of beef.—l am, sir, very respect fully, your obedient servant, It. B. 26th Dec. 1841. SMOKE NUISANCE ATTEMPT TO DESTROY A PARISH CIIURCH. — An attempt was made on Saturday last, to destroy the Parish Church of Sutton-in-Ashtield, by fire. A ball of combustibles was thrown through one of the windows, and had burnt itself out before being able to ignite the old oak of which the pews were composed. In all probability, had this combustible matter come in contact with almost any other part of the seating, the edifice would have been destroyed, together with the tine organ, the munificent gift of a deceased inhabitant of the place. JERUSALEM.—THE NEW Bisitor.—The Popish paper, L' Univers, states, we presume, rather what it wishes than what it can prove when it says :—" We are assured from authentic sources that the Sultan decidedly refuses to au thorise the building of a Protestant church at Jerusalem, The Anglican bishop, therefore, on his arrival, will have no opportunity of entering u pon his spiritual labour s ; b u t, as a diplomatic agent at Jerusalem is perhaps more important than as a missionary, the cabinet of St. James's will easily console itself for the refusal of the Porte." SCENE IN A YANKEE PRINTING OFFlCrinter's Devil—More copy, Sir. Editor-1 told you not to bother me again to-day. Go and steal any article from the Courier. Please, Sir, I've the whole of it already, except three articles which we stole from them last week, which they first stole from the Chronicle, and which they have now stolen back from us ! FO REIGN INTELLIGENCI FRANCE. French Court of Peers decided on Thursday th of Quenisset and his accomplices. Baron Pasquier, the pre sident, in the absence of the prisoners, pronounced sentence of death upon Quenisset, Colombier, and Bazier ; imprison ment for life upon Dunfaur, Jarrasse, and Petit ; imprison ment for fifteen years upon Mallet and Boggio ; imprison ment for ten years upon Launois and Boucheron ; imprison five years, and loss of all civil rights, upon M. Du writing a journal read by the conspirators! A simi- Drioul, Martin, Fou- ment for poty, for iar sentence was passed on geray. and Considere were acquitted. The necessary prepa rations were made for the decapitation of two of the three prisoners condemned to death. It is understood that the life of Quenisset will be s Speculations differ as to the fate of Colombier and Some assume that they cannot' be executed if Quenis spared: others aver that they will be guillotined, probal at the beginning of the week. A protest aainst the condemnation of M. Dupoty was in progress of signature among his political friends. Eight hundred names were said to have been already affixed. By convicting Dupoty of the crime of treason, for merely editi a journal read by traitors in_ common with o►.he newspapers, the peers have declared war to the knife against the press. They have now, indeed, drawn the sword, and flung away the scabbard. We shall now see how much of that power which hurled Charles the Tenth from the throne continues to be wielded by the press of France. By condemn ing Dupoty the peers have virtually abrogated the charter have proclaimed to Frenchmen, in the face of Eurol )e, that :e itself no la . ws exist in France which can screen innoc from their vengeance. The struggle will be a fierce on May it terminate in the prostration of this infamous St Chamber, and its base progeny, the September laws ! SPAIN, Letters from Madrid mention, that the government had obtained possession of the bull granted some time since by the Pope of Rome for authorizing the solemnization of mar riage between Maria Christina, ex-queen regent of Spain, and Munoz, her well-known paramour, and legalizing it whenever and by whomsoever performed, whether by prelate, parish priest, or friar of " orders gray," or of any other com plexion. This singular document, it is believed there, will be laid before the Cortes at their approaching session, in jus tification, together with her participation in the O'Donnell insurrection, of the extreme measure adopted provisionally by the Regent Espartero of embargoing the payment of the dower stipulated by settlement on Maria Christina's marriage with the late king. The Madrid Gazelle, of the 11th inst., publishes an am nesty of the regent for all private soldiers who took part in the revolt of the 7th of October. The officers are excepted. NEW SLAVE-TRAFFIC (From the Jamaica Standard of Nov. 9) The slave-traders appear to be a very ingenious as well as persevering class of men. Not content with the traffic in black slaves, they have for some time past resorted to a new mode of raising the wind by seducing young white women at New York, to whom, it is reported, they hold out the most brilliant prospects in order to induce them to embark for Havanna; from whence they are taken to the Coast of Africa, and there sold to the chief who will give the greatest number of slaves for them. " One alone (says the Caraccas Gazette) has been known to sell for a whole cargo !" Black slavery possessed ameliorating qualities, to which this has clearly no pretensions ; and we know of no punishment too severe for wretches who could be guilty of such cold-blooded and unnatural depravity. The following extract of a letter from Havanna is painfully conclusive upon this subject : " I have just been informed, on the most undoubted au thority, that the captain of the brig Bolador has taken with him to the coast of Africa, a very handsome young Ametiean woman (who was seen on board at the time of his sailing, and previously thereto by many persons resident in this city,) whom he intended to offer, instead of money, in exchange for slaves. It is said that the same thing has been done before by others, and that from fifty to five hundred Africans are readily given for a white woman, whose worth is deter mined by her youth and beauty. In behalf of humanity, I would be happy if I could concientiously declare that I doubt the truth of this assertion, but so great is the degree of de pravity to which the habitual committal of crime has reduced the slave trader, that I believe deeds equally revolting to human nature are of frequent occurrence with them. In the case of the young woman on board the Bolador, the only thing doubtful is, whether this poor creature, thus condemned to a life of infamy and slavery, was a consenting party to her own misery." . . . We advise the Americans to look to this : it is a blot upon their escutcheon. DISCOVERY OF A MURDER COMMITTED EIGHT YEARS AGO At the Oise assizes two young men, named Quin and Henrique, were tried on a charge of having murdered a young woman named Landrieu, under remarkable circumstances, as long ago as 1833. The facts of the case are as follows : On the 14th of July, 1833, a young demoiselle named Landrieu, residing at Jaux, had gone to the fete of Venette, village not far from that in which she herself lived. A. young man named Benoit Quin, who was paying his addresses to her at the time, and Felix Henrique, who was also one of her admirers, likewise proceeded to the fete in company with several other young persons. As the party were on their road, talking together of the pleasures which they anticipated at the fête, Henique mentioned that there was a young woman to whom he had paid attentior6, who refused to listen to his suit, but said if he found ber at Venette he would make her. He added some remarks of a coarse character, and others of the party then began to rally Quin on his want of success with the demoiselle Landrieu, after 18 months' attentions. On their arrival at Vinette, Quin, as he had expected, met his beloved, and, after they had danced together for some time, took her to a cabaret called the Comet, in company with Henrique, fur the purpose of getting some refresh ments. There they all three were shown into a private apart ment, and a scene occurred, the details of which have only lately become known through the partial confession of Quin. Henrique, who appeared soured and irritated by feelings of jealousy, applied the most grossly-abusive epithets to the poor girl; and, as soon as he had exhausted himself upon her, pretended so quarrel with Quin about some difference between them in their accounts. Henrique claimed 45 cen times of him, in which demand Quin did not appear disposed to acquiesce. The quarrel continuing. the young woman sent and borrowed a sum sufficient to pay him, and the mat ter appeared to have terminated. The apprehensions of the poor girl did not, however, cease with the quarrel, and she called the garde champetre, named Peuvrel (whom she had sent for the money) on one side, and with much earnestness asked him to accompany her home, telling him she would reward him for his trouble; his duties prevented his leaving Venette, but he offered to see her to the outskirts of the village. He accordingly accompanied her, as did also Quin, upon whose arm she was leaning, as far as the last houses on the road to Flandre. He there left them, telling the young woman that she had nothing to fear, as she was in the company of her bon ami, and saying to Quin that if anything happened he should hold him respon sible. Henrique, in the meantime, had remained at Venette for a short period, but soon afterwaads was seen to take the same road which Quin and the young woman had pursued. The poor girl did not return home that night ; and the next day her absence was still unaccounted for. She was searched ' for in every direction, but in vain. No tidings could be heard of her. When Quin was questioned he stated that he had quitted her for a momentary purpose, and that she hav ing continued her course he did not again overtake her. This story was not believed, as it was improbable, and the conduct of Henrique excited suspicion, from his anxiety to make it appear that there could not have been any foul play. On the 18th of July, four days afterwards, the body of the unfortunate young woman was dragged from the river in a state of partial putrefaction, especially the face, the neck, and the stomach. In short, the post mortem examination left no doubt of the gross violence of which she had been the victim. Suspicion was strongly directed against the two young men at the time; but no evidence of their guilt having been traced, the matter passed over, and was nearly forgotten. Eight years had elapsed, and the murder remained undiscovered, when, in July last, a woman named Bruyant made a disclosure, which put the guilt of Quin and Henrique beyond the pos sibility of a doubt. She stated that her son (since dead) was Ine of the party to the fete of Venette in 1833, and on his re urn home on the night in question, was an unseen witness If the violence and brutality of these two young men towards he deceased. He was afraid to interfere at the time, or to nake it known afterwards, and, although he communicated he secret to his mother, it was with the strictest injunctions o silence that he did so. He had another motive, besides 'ear, for this apparently remarkable conduct ; he was at the me paying his addresses to Quin's sister, and could not bear se thoughts of denouncing him whose sister he contemplated narrying. The prisoners, who, in the face of this revelation, persisted n an obstinate denial of their guilt, were convicted, and sen tenced to 15 years' imprisonment, with hard labour (travaux 'orces)—L'Audience (Paris journal.) iEPEAL ASSOCIATION-MONEY GONE ASTRAY -DISAPPEARANCE OF THE GOLDEN EAGLES• PUBLIC HUE-AND-CRY. Stolen or strayed—lost or mislaid — A Hundred-pound Bill and two Golden Eagles; Supposed to have been lost, after coming by post, At the Mayoralty-House—or applied by its Host To feed his nine couple of Beagles. Whoever will give information Of the thief to the undersigned Yankees, Rewarded shall be with a pretty tarnation Almighty abundance of—Thank'ye's. The most remarkable business of last Monday's sittings at the Corn -Exchange, was the acknowledgment of sundry re mittances of American sympathy, and the discovery of some gross frauds on the exchequer. " Mr. Ray read a letter from the Boston Repealers, which stated that a bill of exchange for £lOO and two golden eagles, that had been sent by post in the month of September last, had been mislaid or lost. The eagles were worth about ten dollars each ; but of bill or eagles there was no account." The bill, it appears, was made payable to the order of Daniel O'Connell, Esq., and the letter conveying it addressed to the liberator. The right hon. the lord mayor denied the receipt of any such letter or enclosures, and boldly imputed the theft . to some " thi e f connected with the Post-office." The I ankees, however, make a shrewder guess, and " still indulge the hope that in the hurry and excitement att end i n g your municipal election, the packages may have been received and overlooked.—Dub lin Evening Mail. LORD HOWICK NANDDE THE FISHERMEN OF SURLAND. I have learned your misfortunes ; I pity them much ; But those who go fishing must count upon such, And my friends in your borough won't let me s ubscribe, Lest it pass for a weakness, it not for a bribe. Men must toil for their bread, against losses must hoard If still they are starving, must call on the board ; Of true destitution that call is the test, And the rules of their Union will do all the rest. You ask me to help you, in charity's name, But modern Intelligence l a u g hs at the claim ; For the mind of this century never can brook To have its Wing tied to one little, old book. Peel quotes it; lie's welcome; we care not a straw ; There's 'Malthus against it, and his is our law; And our prophets, who sit on three thrones in the Strand Say " This giving of n lms is the curse of the land". Excuse me ; vet truly I pity your case, And pity i s som ething from one not in pl ace ; My bosom bleeds for you, but 'tis not our creed, That, bes id e s a man's bosom, his purge t oo , s h ou ld bl e ed. VERRIO guswas.—The ashes of the commonest fire are melan choly things, for in them there is an image of death and ruin --of something that h as b een b r i g h t , an d i s but dull, cold, dreary dust—with which ou r na t u r e forces us to sympathise. How much more sad are the crumbled embers of a home , the casting down of that great altar where the worst among us sometimes perform the worship of the heart ; and where the best have offered such sacrifices and done such deeds of heroism as, chronicled, would put the proudest temples of old time, with all their vaunting annals, to the blush ! Master Humphrey's Clock. oto but ; his age g of int, ich lily con port ish the •ttl.