The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1845-02-04 00:00:00

E iteraturt. POETRY BERTHA We nre so unlike each other, Thou and I ; that none could guess xe children of one mother, mutual tenderne rt rose-lined from the cold, to hold And meant, ver Life's pure pleasure's manifold .e as crocus grows side a rc T would r each the roe, s under foot— I. like May-blo,m on thorn-tree— Thou. like merry summer-bee Fit that I be plucked for thee. folds lie straight and nat, he rosemary be spread.— if any friend should coi all the room e lifted out of gloom And, d r Bertha, let me keep On my hand Which at nights, w ttle ring, en cthers sleep, me wear it out o In the grave. where it will light All the Dark up, day and night. On that grave, d: Le eyes,. Miss BAREMTT, The Edinburgh Tales, Edinburgh: W. Tait corresponling spiiit. Some opinion may be formed of the fierceness of the conflict by the following descrip tion.— _ _ - . " The fight throughout the whole village of Ligny was now at the hottest ; the place was literally crammed with the combatants, and its streets and enclosures were choked up with the wounded, the dying, and the dead ; every house that escaped being set on fire was the scene of a desperate struggle : the troops fought no longer in combined order, but in numerous and irregular groups, separated by houses either in flames, or held as little forts, sometimes by the one and sometimes by the other party ; and in various instances, when their ammunition failed, or when they found themselves suddenly assailed from different sides, the bayonet, and even the butt, supplied them wits the ready means for prosecuting the dreadful carnage with unmitigated fury. The entire village was concealed in smoke ; but the incessant rattle of the mus ketry, the crashing of burning timbers, the smashing of doors and gateways, the yells and imprecations of the combatants, which were beard through that misty veil, gave ample indication to the troops posted in reserve upon the heights of the fierce and savage nature of the struggle beneath. In the meantime, the relieving batteries on the Prussian side, had arrived quite fresh from the rear, came into full play, as did also a reinforcement, on the French side, from the artillery of the Imperial Guard. The earth now trembled from the tremendous cannon ade ; and as the flames, issuing from the numerous burn ing houses, intermingled with dense volumes of smoke, shot directly upwards through the light-grey mass which rendered the village indistinguishable, arid seemed conti nually to thicken, the scene resembled for a time some violent convulsion of nature rather than a human con flict—as if the valley had been rent asunder, and Ligny had become the focus of a burning crater." The battle was maintained throughout the day, but the French at length penetrated the Prussian centre and de feat was the result. The loss of the Prussian army, in killed and wounded, amounted to about 11,000 men; and that of the French to between 7,000 and 8,000 men. The Prussians immediately retired upon Wavre, and on the 17th the troops under Wellington, in accordance with the original plan, fell back upon Mont St. Jean. Grou chy was despatched. but not until late in the morning of the 17th, with 31,969 men, and 96 guns, in pursuit of the Prussians. Their real line of retreat was at that time un known to the enemy, and it was not until half-past 10 o'clock in the morning of the 18th that any part of his force came up with the Prussians on the road to Wavre. The morning of the 18th found the Anglo-allied and French armies in positions before Waterloo, and pre paring for the coming conflict. The forces assembled were, on the former side, 49,608 infantry, 12.402 cavalry, 5,645 artillery, and 156 guns; and, on the latter, 48,950 infantry, 15,763 cavalry, 7,232 artillery, arid 246 guns. Except as to the infantry, the preponderance was greatly in favour of the French. _ _ . ••/ AGO • S./..• At half-past 11 o'clock the battle began by an attack upon Hougomont. Bravely was it repulsed, and, though renewed again and apin, that important post was held by the British troops throughout the day. Twelve o'clock had arrived, and Ney was preparing for a grand attack upon the left centre of the Anglo-allied line, when Napo leon, taking a view of the field, and continuing his obser vations to his right, to discover, if possible, some indica tion of the approach of Grouchy, perceived in the direc tion of St. Lambert an indistinct mass, having the appear ance of a body of troops. They were supposed to be a detachment from Grouchy ; but all doubt was soon at an end by the arrival of an officer with a Prussian Hussar who had been taken prisoner, and who was the bearer of a letter, addressed by the Prussian General Bulow to the Duke of Wellington, to acquaint the latter with his arri val at St. Lambert. The prisoner stated that a patrol of his own regiment had advanced during the night as far as two leagues from Wavre without encountering any body of the French troops. The troops, however, discovered by Napoleon turned out to be only Bulow's advance guard, the main body encountering great obstruction, from the state of the roads, in its march towards the field. . The first grand attack was then made on the right wing and left centre of the Anglo-allied line; at the very outset Rylandt's Dutch Belgian brigade, consisting of 3,000 men, turned right about face to the rear, and took no fur ther part in the proceedings of the day. The attack, how ever, was gallantly withstood and signally defeated by the British troops. Hougomont and La Haye Sainte were desperately assaulted, but without effect. Attacks were then directed against the right wing and centre, but no impression was made upon the line of the Anglo-all ed forces. Half-past four o'clock had arrived ; two brigades of Bulow's corps were seen debouching from the wood of Paris, and Napoleon instantly ordered the 6th corps, un der Count Lobsu, to move forthwith to the right from its reserve station, and repel the attack by which he was me naced on that side. The remaining brigades of Bulow's corps soon came up, and along the lines trom Planchenoit to Smohain a spirited cannonade ensued. Lobau's corps was greatly inferior to the force he was sent so oppose, and Napoleon despatched General Duhesme, with two di visions of the Young Guard, and 24 guns, to his assist ance. The situation of Napoleon bad nnw become criti cal in the extreme, and (says Captain Siborne) " like a desperate gambler driven to his last stake, he determined to risk his all upon another venture." Wellington, sa tisfied that his position was destined to be again assailed by a formidable force, became anxious for the arrival of the Prussian troops on the extreme left, for although aware that Bulow's corps was in active operation against the extreme right of the French army, the ground upon which that operation was mainly carried on was too re mote from his own immediate sphere of action to admit of his calculating upon support from them. The French were preparing for their last grand attack, when Vivian, whose Hussar brigade was ou the extreme left of the An-. glo-allied line, perceiving the cavalry of Zieton's Prus sian corps advancing along the road from Ohain, with drew with Vandeleur to the centre. The Duke had de spatched Colonel Freemantle to the left to hasten the ad vance of any corps he might fall in with, and to represent to its commander, that if he would supply him with the means of strengthening those points along his line which had been so seriously weakened by repeated attacks, he entertained no doubt of not only maintaining his ground, but of also gaining the victory. To Zieten the colonel de livered ,the Duke's message, but that general remarked that he did not feel himself authorised to detach his corps in the manner proposed, adding, however, that the great masa of the Prussian army was arriving upon the field. All hope of immediate assistance from that quarter was thus at an end, and the shattered remains of the Duke's army awaited the last terrible onset of the French. All the disposable forces of Napoleon were collected and hurled against the right centre of the Anglo-allied line. The'British stood rooted to the ground, and the attacking columns wavered, and were driven back in confusion. Fresh columns were advanced, and were as speedily re- _ pulsed. The disorder of the French troops was complete. La Garde re'cule resounded along the line, the Imperial Guard was beaten, and Napoleon was defeated. The success of the Duke's army at Waterloo has often been attributed to the assistance rendered by the Prus sians. It cannot be denied that the appearance of the latter at Planchenoit caused a diversion of part of the enemy's force; but, in Captain Siborne's work, it is sa tisfactorily shown that at Waterloo the hand to hand fight, and the ultimate defeat of the enemy, fell exclu sively upon the Anglo-allied army (minus the Dutch Bel gianti). Another point of dispute has been the conduct of Grouchy in remaining at Wave, notwithstanding Na poleon's injunctions that he was so to manoeuvre as to join the right of the main French army; but those who censure Grouchy seem to overlook the fact that the delay in the pursuit of the Prussians had enabled Bulow's corp- to leavre Wavre before he had arrived—that he not only held in check, but fought and defeated Thielemann with 35,000 men, and that if he had joined Napoleon with • his e hole force, he would have been followed to the field by k Prussian body pf still greater number. ANASTATIC PRINTING. (From the Art-Union for February.) We announced, last month, an invention to which this name has been given ; and also our intention to describe it and point out its utilities in the present number of the Art - As it a main purpose of this journa' -union. h bring forward every discovery tending in anywise to the advancement of fine or useful art, and consequently to the improvement of public taste, we hasten to lay before ugh fathoiT Thrcugh the wooll I shall feel it on my face Rather smi e there, blessed one, Thinking of me in th Or for get me—smiling on near me? nearer ie close upon t That the earthly light may g Neetly as it us, a I watched the morning-grey e, betwixt the hi Is, the way 's sure to come that da; ,—no more vain words be s The hos& Mother smile now on I am death•stron Mystic dove alit on cr Gu . de the poor bird of the snows Through the snow-wind above loss Je Love's divin in its self spe,ding, Ana absorb the Wind my thread of life up higher, Up through angels' hands of fire ! I aspire, while I expire ! T libatio❑ NOTICE By Mts. Johnstone. Part I London : Chapman and Hall. This is the first number of a se of a very clever writer. The " ies of tales from the pen Experiences of Richard Taylor, Esq various stori who is made the vehicle of conveying the s to the reader, is ably sketched ; and if the stories themselves keep up the healthy moral tone and liveliness which characterise the present number, the work must become popular, and have extensive circulation. " Young Mrs. Roberts' Three Christmas Dinners" ought oung wives and husbands as well. The valuable one. The story of " Mary to be re lesson taught is eautiful one, full of nature, and dis playing a deep insight into the mysteries of the human haat t. We wish the spirited publishers of this series '9 Hair" is a every success SELECTIONS THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO. (From Capt. Siborne's Despatches. ) __ _ _ On the 12th of June a Prussian officer, whose regiment formed an extensive line of outposts in front of Tournai, reported to Major-General Sir Hussey Vivian, by whom it was communicated to the Duke, that the French army had assembled on the frontier, and was prepared to attack. " His Grace, however, (says our author,) did not think the proper moment bad arrived for making any alteration in the disposition of his forces." It is true that Fouche in his memoirs says, he knew for certain that Napoleon intended to give battle to the Anglo-allied army en the 17th, "after walking over the Prussians;" and that he had reason to trust to the success of that plan, as Wel lington had been deceived by false reports, and believed that the opening of the campaign might be delayed till the beginning of July ; and Fouche adds that the cause of Wellington's delay was this :—that Wellington and Blu cher were relying almost entirely on the secret informa tion he was to give them ; that he was to have furnished the Duke on the day of Napoleon's departure with a plan of the campaign and the moment of the attack ; that he accordingly despatched Madame D— with the plan de scribed in cyphers, but at the same time sent orders for such obstacles at the frontier which she was to pass that she could not arrive at the head-quarters of the Duke until after the event. What credit can be given to such a statement from such a man ? But, admitting it to be cor rect, and that the Duke was willing, as no doubt he would be, to avail himself of information supplied from any quarter whatsoever, we cannot think that in a matter so vitally important he would have trusted to such an arch intriguer as Fouche, and suffer himself, by relying upon such an individual, to be surprised. In an admirable and most spirited sketch of the operations of Picton's division in the campaign of Waterloo, which was published in the United Service Journal of June,lBll, this notion of sur prise, as well as of the officers fighting in their ball-room dresses (except a few who lingered too long in making their adieux to the ladies), is satisfactorily confuted; but let us look a little to the facts, and observe the conse quences of the surprise, if still it be insisted on. - General Von Zieten, who commanded the first Prus sian corps d'armee, was the furthest in advance npoa the frontier, and was stationed at Charleroi. During the night of the 13th the light reflected by the fires of the French bivouacs was visible to his outposts, and hence it was known that the French army were concentrating. That information was immediately transunited to Wellington and Blucher, but nothing was yet positively ascertained as to the real point of concentration. On the morning of the 15th the French army commenced its march in three columns upon Marchienne, Charleroi, and Chatelet, and towards four o'clock in the morning the engagement began along the Prussian outposts, which were speedily driven in. Zieten gave orders to ictice, and the Prussian army, with the exception of Bulow's corps, finally took up their position at Ligny on the night of the 14th. To wards noon of the same day the cannonade which had been heard in the morning became more distinctly audi ble to the forces of the Anglo-allied army nearest to the frontier, consisting of Dutch-Belgian troops in the vici nity of Quatre Bras, and those troops began to concen trate at the latter point. Between three and four o'clock of the same day the Duke received intelligence of the ad vance of the French, and gave orders for the whole of his troops to hold themselves in immediate readiness; but, says Captain Siborne, " his Grace was determined to make no movement until the real line of attack should become manifest ; and hence it was, that if the attack had been made even at a later period his dispositions would have remained precisely the same." At seven in evening Ney joined the army, and to him Napoleon gave the com mand of the corps cr armies of D'Erlon and Reille, telling bim to " Go and drive back the enemy from Quatre Bras." But if the British commander is blamed. for not earlier concentrating his forces at Quatre Bras, how much more culpable was the delay in concentration on the part of the attacking enemy ! Ney's forces were detached, and, in consequence, a very large body of them, consisting of Count D'Erlon's corps, not having come up at the commencement of the battle, and having in their road re ceive] orders to retrace their steps and join Napoleon at Ligny, was lost both to Ney, when it was most required, and to Nat turned a Leon himself at a time when he could hare 'llse into an absolute and overpowering de- At two o'clock in the afte noon of casting that D'Erlon's corps was not far hi:; . rear, our readers some account of the process and results of commenced the attack. His force consisted of 15,750 " Anastatic Printing." It has been the fate of all bene infantry, 1,865 cavalry, and 38 guns. Opposed to him at ficialinnovations—and the more especially if they recom the time was•the Prince of Orange, with only 6,832 in- mend, themselves by their cheapness—that they have had (entry, and 16 guns • but within half or three-quarters of to combat an array of prejudice , and the de t e r m ined an hour Picton's division, a Dutch-Belgian brigade of opposition of " vested interest ;"—this method of pro cavalry, and the Duke of Brunswick, with his corps of clueing, books and prints will not be txenipted from the Death's-head Hussars, reached the field; so that the common lot; but such is the extreme simplicity and un- Duke, surprised as he is said to have been, had- then exampled rapidity of the process in multiplying engravings, concentrated at Quatre Bras 18,090* infantry, 2,004 ca- drawines, and books, that it must inevitably he, erelong, vairy, and 28 guns—a force superior (except as to the established in general estimation. We have heard, years number of guns) to that of Ney. • ago, of similar propositions, but since they have never Both forces were afterwards increased, and late in the been matured into a solution of all difficulties, as in the day the relative numbers w ere —Wellington's, 29,639 in. present case, let the honour and profit be to those by fantrj, 2,004 ravel, y, and 68 guns ; Ney's, 15,759 infan- whose labour and ingenuity re.production is rendered not try, 5,165 cavalry. and 50 guns; ; but it must be observed, only practicable, but triumphantly simple beyond all the that in the outset the Dutch-Belgian cavalry proved itself happiest ideas of stereotype. The drawing and prints incompetent to engage with the French, and that in the which accompany this notice, with the letterpress, form latter part of the action the field was completely aban- together an example of this method of printing. The let doned by the 2d Dutch-Belgian infantry division; amount- terprees was first set in type, by the ordinary printer of the ing to no less than 7,533 men. The battle continued Art.,ljnion, leaving space for the drawn or engraved illus. until after sunset—on either side the troops fought with traliOns, which have been set into their respective places determined bravery, and the carnage was fearful; but at on a proof of the letterpress, the whole was cast on to a length victory declared in favour of the Anglo-allied zinc plate, and so printed off; and it may be here observed, forces. We have not sufficient room to enter into the that there is no limit to the thousands of copies that may details of the engagement, but they are given with great be dawn, nor the slightest diminution of excellence in precision by Captain Siborne, and, with the assistance of successive impressions, since new plates ad infinilum may the ana i lypt ogra phi c engra vings which accompany his be preparedfrom the copies now yielded. The Nurse" work, the reader have no difficulty in following them. and " The Revelry" are woodcuts taken from pages of Simultaneously with the attack at Quatre Bas, and " The Book of British Ballads ;" and the remainder are commencing at aoout the same hour of the day, a despe- drawings.by gentlemen whose names are undersigned, and rate battle was fought between the French and Prussians which brive been transferred immediately to the plate. at Ligny in the rear of Pleuras. That position, though The invention is equally successful in application to the defective in a tactical point of view, as a great part of the earliest printing—we have seen several transfers from ground was exposed to the enemy, and the supports re- books century old. The principal merit claimed by the quired to maintain the villages in front of the position proprietors of this patent are, in the first place, their would be subjected to the full play of the batteries on the method of repeating in low relief (something like a litho opposite heights, had been previously fixed upon as the graphic printing surface) the tracery of an engraved wood most eligible in the event of the enemy's advancing by block or copper plate from a cut or engraving from such Charleroi. Connected with Quatre Bras, only six or block or plate, in such manner as immediately to yield seven miles distant, by a paved road, great facility was impressions which are not in any way to be distinguished offered for co-operation and mutual support upon which- from those drawn from the original engraved surface. ever point the great mass of the French army might he This is effected by means of acids diluted to various ds . directed, and if eithe r p os iti on s h ou ld be forced, then grees of strength, which act upon those parts cf the plates Mont St. Jean (Waterloo) and Wavre, upon parallel remained unprotected by the ink, and so leave the printing lines of retreat towards Brussels and Louvain, would surface very *lightly in relief. Another chief merit of likewise offer the means of co - operat i on on th e south the invention is the successful provision against the side of the Forest of Soignies, and concent r i c lines of re- spreading. of the ink under any degree of pressure; treat upon Brussels would brin g th e t wo arm i es in corn- whereby the finest lines and sharpest edges are repeated tined position in the immediate front of the capital. with singular precision. Another extraordinary result of By an unfortunate mischance Bulow'a corps never the invention is the restoration of the ancient or injured reached the field ; but the superiority in numbers was, engravings or etchings—that is, if an engraving have been nevertheless, with the Prussians, their force consisting injured—not, be it understood, as regards the paper, but of 83,407 men, that of the French of 71,203; . but the faded through carelessness,:or defaced by accident—such latter had 242 guns, whilst the Prussians had only. 224. engraving can be perfectly restored by having every line Between the Prussians and the French there existed the and touch refreshed with new ink, so as to give the work moat bitter animosity, and the battle was fought with a With all its details as if fresh from the wood or copper. p not a tear ! eep the en shroud I wear, Till?, LIVERPOOL STANDARD DIVING BELLS OF THE MULGRAVE FAMILY.—The first diving-bell we read of was nothing but a very large kettle suspended by ropes, with the mouth downward s, and planks to sit on, fixed in the middle of its concavity. Two Greeks at Toledo, in 1588, made an experiment with it before the Emperor Charles the Fifth. They descended in it with a lighted candle to a considerable depth. In 1683, William Phipps, the son of a blacksmith, formed a pro ject for unloading a rich Spanish ship sunk on the coast of Hispaniola. Charles the Second gave him a ship, with everything necessary for his undertaking, ; but being un successful, he returned in great poverty. He then en deavoured to procure another vessel; but failing, he got a subscription, to which the Duke of Albet merle contri buted. In 1687, Phipps set sail in a ship of 200 tons, having previously engaged to divide the profits according to the twenty shares of which the subscription consisted. At first, all his labours proved fruitless : but at last, when he seemed almost to despair, he was fortunate enough to bring up so much treasure, that he returned to England with the value of £200,000. Of this sum, he got about £20,000, and the Duke of Albermarle £90,000. Phipps was knighted by the King, and laid the foundation of the fortunes of the present noble house of Mulgrave. Since that time diving bells have been very often em ployed.—Mechanics' Magazine. THUNDER STORM ON BEN NEVIS.—An enormous thunder cloud had lain all day over Ben Nevis, shrouding its summit in thick darkness, blackening its sides and base, wherever they were beheld from the surrounding country, with masses of deep shadow, and especially flinging down a weight of gloom upon that magnificent glen that bears the same name with the mountain, till now the afternoon was like twilight, and the voice of all the streams was distinct in the breathlessness of the vast solitary hollow. The inhabitants of all the straths, vales, glens, and dells, round and about the monarch of Scottish mountains, had, during each successive hour, been ex pecting the roar of thunder and the deluge of rain •, but the huge conglomeration of lowering clouds would not rend asunder, although it was certain that a calm blue sky could not be restored till all that dreadful assemblage had melted away in torrents, or been driven off by a strong wind from the sea. All the cattle on the hills, and on the hollows, stood still or lay down in their fear,—the wild deer sought in herds the shelter of the pine-covered cliffs—the raven hushed his hoarse croak in some green cavern, and the eagle left the dreadful silence of the upper heavens. Now and then the shepherds looked from their huts, while the shadow of the thunder clouds deepened the hues of their plaids and tartans ; and at every creak ing of the heavy branches of the pines or wide-armed oaks, in the solitude of their inaccessible birthplace, the hearts of the lonely dwellers quaked, and they lifted up their eyes to see the first wide-flash—the dispersing of the masses of darkness, and paused to hear the long loud rattle of heaven's artillery shaking the foundation of the everlasting mountains. But all was yet silent. The peal came at last, and it seemed as if an earthquake had smote the silence. Not a tree—not a blade of grass moved ; but the blow stunned, as it were. the heart of the solid globe. Then was there a low. wild, whispering, wailing, voice, as of many spirits all joining together from every point of heaven,—it died away—and then the rushing of rain was beard through the darkness ; and, in a few minutes down came all the mountain torrents in their power, and the sides of all the steeps were s eeted, far and wide, with waterfalls. The element of water was let loose to its re joicing race, and that of fire lent its illumination, whether sweeping in floods along the great open straths, or tumbl ing in cataracts from cliffs ceserhanging the eagle's eyrie. Great rivers were suddenly flooded ; and the little moun tain rivulets a few minutes before only silver threads, and in whose fairy basins the minnow played, were now scarcely fordable to shepherd's feet. It was time for the strongest to take shelter, and none now would have liked to issue from it ; for while there was real danger to life and limb in the many raging torrents, and in the lightning's flash, the imagination and the soul themselves were touched with awe in the long resounding glens, and be neath the savage scowl of the angry sky.—Lights and Shadows of Scottish Life. JERUSALEM IN THE PRESENT DAY.—It was indeed Jerusalem—and had the Holy City risen before us in its palmiest days of magnificence and glory, it could not have created deeper emotion, or been gazed at more earnestly, and with intenser interest." * * The whole cavalcade paused simultaneously when Jerusalem appeared in view ; the greater number fell upon their knees, and laid their foreheads in the dust, whilst a profound silence, more im pressive than the loudest acclamations, prevailed over all. Even the Moslem guides and servants, folding their arms on their bosoms, gazed reverently on what was to them also a holy city, and recalled to my mind the pathetic ap peal of their forefather Esau—" Hast thou not a blessing for me, also, omy Father ?" * * Apart from all asso ciations, the first view of Jerusalem is a striking one. A brilliant and unchequered sunshine has something mourn ful in it, when all that it shines upon is utterly desolate and drear. Not a tree or green spot is visible; no sign of life breaks the solemn silence ; no smile of nature's glad ness ever varies the stern scenery around. The flaming, monotonous sunshine above, the pale, distorted, rocky wastes beneath, realise but too faithfully the prophetic picture—" Thy sky shall he brass, and thy land shall be iron." To the right and left, as far as the eye can reach, vague undulations of colourless rocks extend to the hori zon. A broken and desolate plain in front is bounded by a wavy, battlemented wall, over which towers frown, and minarets peer, and mosque-domes swell ; intermingled with church-turret and an indistinguishable mass of ter raced roofs. High over the city, to the left, rises the Mount of Olives ; and the distant hills of Moab, almost mingling with the sky, afford a background to the striking picture. There was something startlingly new and strange *in the wild, shadowless landscape ; the clear outlines of LIEBIG WHEN A BOY.—Liebig was distinguished a t hills, and the city'walls so colourless, yet so well defined school as a " booby," the only talent then cultivated in against the naked sky, gave to the whole a most unreal German schools being verbal memory. On one occasion, appearance ; it resembled rather an immense eagrav being sneeringly asked by the master what he proposed to ing than any thing which nature and nature's complexion become, since he was so bad a scholar, and answering had to do with. lam not sure that this scenery did not that he would be a chemist, the whole school burst into a present the only appearance that would not have disap laugh of derision. Not long ago Liebig saw his old school. pointed expectation. It was unlike any thing else on earth master, who feelingly lamented his own former blindness. —so blank to the eye, yet so full of meaning to the heart ; The only boy in the same school who ever disputed with every mountain round is familiar to the memory; even Liebig the station of " booby," was one who never could yon blasted fig-tree has its voice, and the desolation that learn his lesson by heart, but was continually composing surrounds us bears a silent testimony to its fearful expe music, and writing it down by stealth, in school. This riences. The plain upon which we stand looks like the same individual, Liebig lately found at Vienna distin- arena of mighty struggles i n times g one b y —stru gg les in guished as a composer, and conductor of the Imperial which all the mighty nations of the earth took part, and Opera-house. 1 think his name is Reuling. It is to be in which Nature herself seems to have shared. Each of hoped that a more rational system of schoct instruction is our party had waited for the other to finish his devo gaining ground. Can an) thing be more absurd or detest- tions, and seemed to respect each pilgrim's feelings with a able than a system which made Walter Scott and Justus Christian courtesy, perhaps inspired by the spot. At Liebig "boobies" at school, and so effectually concealed length, all had risen from their genuflexions and prostra their natural talents, that, for example, Liebig was often tions, and we moved slowly forward over the rugged yet lectured before the whole school on his being sure to cause slippery path which human fest had worn in the solid rock. misery and broken hearts to his parents, while he was all Countless had been the makers of that part—Jebusites` the time conscious, as the above anecdote proves, of the Hebrews, Chaldeans, Assyrians, Egyptians, Romans, Sa possession of talents similar in kind to those he bas since semis, Crusaders, and pilgrims from every country under displayed.—Phrenological Journal. heaven.—The C, escent and the Cross. EXTENSIVE USE OF OPIUM.—Dr. Mitchell, one of REASONABLENESS OF SCRIPTURAL . EDUCATION. — Here is the last report of this miserable system of na the Sub-Commissioners, reports, that the medical wit- . Corset education • here are some of their questions in nesses exetnined by him state, that the infants and chit- . dren are seldom brought to them before they are be- their form of superintendent's report :—Qu 33. What numbed and stupified with opiates ; the usual preparation arrangementsmade,i have been made, or are proposed to be for religioustie instruction of the children either given being Godfrey's Cordial, a mixture of treacle and . in e sch oolhou se or elst where ? tau. 34. Are they opium, known by the name of "comfort," and an article such as not to interfere with, or impede the secular hi in constant demand. A little girl will come to the thy- . - the school ?—Report —tteport x., p. 25. " Mark the mist's, and ask for a dose of it to give to the baby next .Bme" Po sition they give to the word of Jehovah in their system. day, telling him that her mother is going out to work. A Have Have you arranged the instruction of the children so that respectable chymiet stated that he had made 20 gallons of the word of the living God shall not dare to impede or "comfort " in the year • and that there were chymists ' interfere with the secular instruction of men ? Have you who lived near the market-place, and more in the way of taken care, not that man.shall give way to God, but that these country people, who made a good deal more. This God and his word shall give way to man—that God's evidence refers to the colliery districts, but it appears on ','ord shall give way to the spelling book, arithmetic, and the authority of other medic it men, that the same prac- other books of secular inseruction ? Here is the answer tice prevails at Croydon, in Surrey, and, by inference, in to their sophistry as to compulsion and non-compulsion. other non-manufacturing towns. Speaking of the dis- We refuse to compel children to read the word of God trios of Nottingham, Derby, and Leicester , another against the will of their parents; but it is their duty to Sub-Commissioner, Mr. Grainger, states, that the prac- learn it, and we refuse to be compelled to participate in tice of administering opium to infants, which is very ge • their violation of their duty. We refuse to assume over neral in these districts, "is usually begun w hen the child them the authority of the living God, by compelling them is three or four weeks old." But Mr. Brown, the coro ner for Nottingham states, " that he knows Godfrey's power of man to sanction their criminal contempt of Cordial is given on the ' day of birth. and that even it is God's authority, by teaching them without the Bible. prepared in readiness for that event." The extent to We - ask not any law to compel them to come to our which the system is carried may be judged from the fact, • schools and learn the Bible; hilt ire demand that the expressly ascertained by this gentleman , that one druggist Bible shill be the authoritative standard in our schools, made up, in one year, 13 cwt. of treacle into Godtrey's Cordial. The result of this terrible practice is, that come and learn it. We refuse to usurp over them the great numbers of infants perish, either suddenly, from rerogative of God ; but we refuse to be compelled to an overdose, or. as more commonly happens, slowly, Acknowledge and submit to the prerogative of the devil painfully, and insidiously. Those who escape with life against the King of kings and Lord of lords. We become pale and sickly children, often half-idiotic, and refuse, in every position, in our closet , in our fami l y , i n always with a ruined constitution. " Compared with our pulpit, in our parish, we refuse to go to minister any this," adds the Sub-Commissioner, " the Chinese prac - • where except on this ground, that the authority of the tice of infanticide may be called merciful.—Medical great and holy God is and shall be acknowledged by us, Times. and all to whom we minister ; and we refuse to go into any Lien principle that it To describe briefly the pre}: ~ t ion of a 'late or cylinder, • let us suppose a newspaper about to be reprinted by this means. The sheet is first moistened with diluted acid and placed b?tween sheets of blotting-paper, in order that the superfluous moisture may be absorbed. The ink neutral'zes the acid, which is pressed out from the blank space only, and etches them away. In all cases where the letterpress is of recent date, or not perhaps older than half a year, a few minutes suffice for this purpose. The paper is then carefully placed upon the plate with which the letterpress to be transferred is in immediate contact, and the whole passed under a press, on removal from which, and on carefully disengaging the paper, the letters are found to reverse on the plate, which is then rubbed with a preparation of gum, after which the letters receive an addition of ink, which is immediately incorporated with that by which they are already formed. These operations are effected in a few minutes. The surface of the plate round the letters is bitten in a very slight degree by the acid, and on application of the ink it is rejected by the zinc, and received only by the letters, which are charged with the ink by the common roller used in band printing. Each letter came from the press as clear as if it had been imprinted by type metal ; and the copies are facsinailies which cannot be distinguished from the original sheet. Thus far it may be necessary to describe the process that it may be understood by those of our readers who are not versant with lithographic manipulation—those who are will recognise some similarity in the method of preparing the stone and the zinc, as far as regards the gum, &c. The practicability of transferring letterpress, especially prepared or quite recent, to stone or zinc has long been known. A main advantage, however, and a most important one, possessed by the zinc over the stone, as a mere material to work from, is its portability, and being easily formed into a cylinder ; for, although we have only spoken of a plate of zinc in relation with the results we have witnessed, it is to be understood that in the exten sive operations cylinders will be employed. It is not•our purpose to enter more minutely into the scientific rationalia of this patent, but it is our business to consider its prospective utilities—to inquire in how far, it' worked out with spirit, it may conduce to the progress of time. It cannot be received otherwise, by stock book sellers, than as an estimable boon, since it will at once supersede the necessity of warehousing tons of stereotype and paper. There may henceforward be printed only short editions of heavy works, or of others of questionable sale, for, if such a work " go off" beyond the expecta tions of the bookseller, reprints in abundance may be effected from a single remaining copy, at an expedient interval. And the advantage to the public must follow, in the reprinting, at a cheap rate, of valuable works, the republication of which, according to the ordinary method, would hazardous, as being extremely expensive. Again, for book illustration nothing could be better ; the feeling of the original drawing being entirely preserved, since the work of the artist passes immediately from his own hand to the page which it is intended to adorn. Thus it is seen that the work is not brought forward according to the taste of the engraver, but what character soever it receives from the artist it is ultimately distinguished by the same on the paper. We may hope that the finest line en gravings may also be reproduced at a trifling expense. What treasures, therefore, of fine art may common enterprise call forth for the purification of public taste! It will be understood that we speak of the system from actual inspection, having seen, in five minutes, letterpress and drawings transferred to the zinc and forthwith printed off. We know of one printer whose stock of stereotypes has cost no less a sum than three hundred thousand pounds, and it is probable that there exists in the London ware houses stereotype property for which upwards of a million has been paid. Surely in extensive establishments the employment of such means for the multiplication of books must be a saving to the printer, also to the bookseller, and consequently a benefit to the public, for the supply will create a demand which may ultimately be answered by the multiplication of valuable books proceeding at a square, nay, even at a cubic, ratio. We have spoken of a few of the purposes to which r Anastatic Printing" may be addressed. It is impossible to speculate on the uses to which it may be applied in furtherance of useful art; the great principle is, however, a happy and perfect adapta tion to answer an end of incalculable public benefit, and that this may be speedily in progress of realization must be the wish of all interested in the well-being of art and the cultivation of letters. . The proprietors not having yet established their steam press, it will be clearly understood that the results we speak of have been produced by a small hand-press. It is confidently hoped that the results with steam will not be less satisfactory : this, however, remains to be proved. Should a corresponding success by this means attend the efforts of the inventor, the most marvellous results must at once ensue; for it immediately supplies a power whereby such a paper as the Times might be multiplied to the amount of 300,000 copies in a day. And not to forget the value of the invention as regards art. Such a paper might be illustrated by first-rate artists, whose sketches one hour after the events they celebrate might be in circulation with the paper. We quote the number 300,000 as something definite, but if it were necessary the number might extend to a MILLION ! Provided always, we yet say, the untried steam equals in anywise the production of the smaller press. It is useless to attempt comment upon this adap tation, supposing it borne out to the extent it promises; it is beyond the pale of all ordinary comparisons ; calcu lations and figures reduce it to a mean standard. One thing, however, is sufficiently clear—a GREAT REVOLU TION tending to the unlimited multiplication of books and newspapers is INEVITABLE. THE PASSAGE UP THE NILE.—Who has not voyaged, on the Rhine, and, as he glided down that noble river,' felt an absorbing interest in the busy cities and cairn soli tudes ; the vineyards and fortresses; the castled crags, where the banners of old history are still visible to the imaginative eye : and the deep glens, where lurks many a legend believed by the imaginative heart; all following in succession as uninterrupted, and more rapid than the thought which strives to follow ! Tin:Tine, then, a river,' flowing from the undiscovered depths of Africa, wider, larger, mightier far, whose shores are lined with cities, and temples that were already in ruins when the sources of the Rhine were as unknown as are now the sources of the Nile. For a distance of eight hundred miles you glide along this sacred and mysterious stream ; not with the rapid rush of the steam-vessel, but tranquilly and thought fully, as in a Venetian gondola, under the shade of the African palm, and among the lotus lilies of Egyptian my.. thology, fanned by airs redolent of perfumes, rare even in our luxurious drawing-rooms. On the desert sands the giraffe and the gazelle are grazing ; on the banks the cro codile is basking ; the pelican is gliding by you, and the ibis soars over the mounds of buri'd cities, shall not be acknowledged there, and there to renounce or ratify, by our criminal compliance, the renunciation of the authOrity of our Lord and Master on which we must base the very existence of our office, and the very salva tion of our souls. Interfering with parental au th o rit y! What nonsense ! what absurdity to talk of parental au thority in such a case as this! Has a parent a right or authority against God? I will put it to you in a manner that must strike every man of common intellect. Let me suppose a faithful minister of Christ, (as I trust in God there shall he such an one) selected by our Gracious Sovereign to instruct the heir of. her dominions. What is the first duty of that man to that child ? Is it not to assert over his conscience and his soul the authority of the sacred word of the King of kings and Lord of lords? Is it not to teach that child that be is to be subject to the authority, to be guided by the Word and the wisdom of his God, as well as the meanest beggar in his future dominions? Let roe suppose (you will pardon the supposi tion, we may assume an hypothesis however false or ab surd for argument sake, and you will pardon the criminal supposition)—but let me suppose that our gracious So vereign should so far forget all that was due to God, to herself and her child, as to come to that minister and say —' Sir, I cannot allow the authority of that book to be premed on the conscience of my child. I cannot allow my child to be instructed in it.' What would be the duty —what must be the answer of that faithful minister of Christ ? 'Madam, with all due reverence for my most gracious Sovereign, permit me to say, I dare not, as your Majesty's dutiful and loyal subject, go into any place in your dominions, and for any reward, or for any situation, associate myself with those who would dare to cast off their allegiance and the authority of my royal mistress ; and, madam, I dare not stand in the palace of my Sove reign, and for all the wealth you could bestow, sanction your Majesty or the royal heir of your dominions, in the sin of casting off the authority of the King of kings— your King, and my King, your God, and my God.' Would any man be a faithful minister of Christ who did not answer so ? Would he not be a traitor to the soul of his Sovereign ?—a traitor to the soul of his pupil, the heir of her thronts?—a traitor to the living God—and shall he go into a school of the subjects of ? But it would be an insult to your understandings to anply this. A. child must understand its application."—lit Ghee'a Lec ture. " with pale white wing ; Like phantom o'er a grave." • Here, you pass a column, or a propylon, sole remnant of some city, once more populous than the whole sur rounding lonely region now ; there, some mud-built walls show where the modern Egyptian dwells, in himself as widely differing from his predecessor, probably, as do es his clayey shed from their magnificent edific. , s. You are traversing the same river that has borne the Egyptian, the Ethiopian, the Assyrian, the Persian, the Roman, and the Saracen ; and, between the stream of time which Memory traces, and the practical one on which you float, there seems such a strict, yet confusing analogy, that the Pyra mids might almost seem the milestones by which time counted his progress ; and the cities, in their varied stages of decay, brick-and-mortar epochs by which memory traces the progress of time's stream. From city to vil lage, and from temple to tomb, there is many a deep glen and wild desert intervening ; but these leave no blank to the attentive ear and eye. if the city has its history, and the tomb its ,epitaph, the mountain and the valley have their legends ; and this traditionary lore seems at least as ancient and as pure as the prouder history, that is, more indebted to its oral voice than it would fain allow.—The Crescent and the Cross. TOWN EDITION. LONDON NEWS OF YESTERDAY. MINISTERIAL ARRANGEMENTS Lord Jocelyn and Mr. Cardwell received invitations for Sir liobert Peel's official dinner yesterday (Monday.) This is an intimation that the noble lord and Mr. Card well are about to enter the public service. Lord Jocelyn will be the new Lord of the Admiralty. Mr. CardW j ell's office is not yet known publicly, but it will probably not be an office involving the interruption and delay of a new writ and new election. MARK-LANE CORN EXCHANGE For all descriptions of Wheat the demand was in a very slug gish state, at a decline in the currencies obtained on Monday last at quite ls. per quarter, and a large portion remained over for Wednesday's market. The show of fine Foreign Wheat was by no means large, yet the sale for it was in a very sluggish state, and prices may be considered is per quarter lower. In Corn under lock nothing doing. Of Barley we have a large sul,ply; hence the trade was unusually dull, at a depression of from is to 2s per quarter, and scarcely a moiety of the quantity was disposed of. Malt was a mere drug, at Is pe • quarter le.-s money. Although the supply of Oats was not large, the inquiry ruled dull, r.t barely late fates. Beans, Peas, and Flour heavy, at previous currencies. Seeds of all kinds were heavy, and prices were with difficulty supported. CURRENCY PER IMPERIAL MEASURE. Wheat, Essex and Kent. s. d. s. d Red 3B 0 47 0 White 43 0 54 0 Norfolk and Lincoln, red 38 0 46 0 White . Irish, Ted White Rye, old . New 30 0 - 34 0 Barley, Grinding Malting Chevalier Malt, Suffolk and Norfolk Brown 35 0- 36 0 23 0 - 28 0 33 0 - 3 7 0 38 0 - 00 0 58 0- 0 2 0 56 0 - 60 0 63 0 - 64 0 Kingston and Ware . chevalier Oats, Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, feed Potatoe Youghall and Cork, black Cork. white Scotch, feed 64 0 - 65 0 22 0 - 23 0 24 0 -25 0 0 23 0 24 0 37 0 42 0 37 0 - 40 0 38 0 43 0 - 45 0 21 0 - 22 0 - 23 0 - 35 0 38 0 35 0 36 0 36 0 - 38 0 - 40 0 Beans, tick.. . Pigeons Pease, Grey Maple White Boilers Flour, town made Suffolk Stockton and Norfolk 33 0 - 35 0 FOREIGN GRAIN AND FLOUR IN BOND Wheat, Dan tzic.. Hamburg Oats, new Feed 27 o 29 0 17 0 19 0 15 0 - 17 0 24 0- 29 0 28 0-32 0 21 0 - - Flour, American Baltic .... 20 0 - FRIDAY, Jan. 31 The supplies have 'increased since Wednesday, but they arc still mouerate, except of Barley. The Wheat trade is still un altered from Monday. Barley finds an exceedingly 1 ,nguid demand, and prices ar again lower. Oats are firm, and Beans, Peas, and other descr.ptions of Grain find no alteration. SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET The Beef trade was excessively dull, yet the primest Scots found buyers at, in some instances, last week's quotations, but most other kinds suffered a decline of 2d. per Bibs., and a clear ance was not effected. Tile number of sheep being more than equal to the wants of the trade the demand for that description of stock was in a sluggish state, yet we can notice no variation in the currencies. Calves were in limited supply, and active re ques,, at last Friday's enhanced currencies. In Pigs a good business was doing at fully last week's quo tations; upwards of 200 were on offer from Ireland. Per Sibs. to sink the offal s d. s. d. s. d. s. d. Inferior Beasts.... 2 6 2 10 Second quality do. 3 2 3 6 Second quality do. 3 0— 3 4 Coarse do. 3 8— 4 0 Prime large Oxen. 3 6 3 BSouthdownWethers 4 2 4 4 Prime Scots, &c... 3 10— 4 oiDo. out of the wool -- Coarse Calves .... 4 6 5 4' Large H , gs Small do. Suckling do. each.iB 0-30 o Qr. old Pigs, each 16 0-20 0 nferior Sheep 2 8— 3 olLambs SUPPLY AT MARKET. Beasts, 3,342 .... Sheep, 27,740....Ca1ve5, 96 .... Pigs, 340 LONDON SHARE MARKET, Churnet Valley were last done at Si. Birmingham and Glou cester 127. New 31, Bristol and Gloucester 561. Cambridge and Uncoln 5. Eastern Counties 19, Direct Norther , 24. Great Southern and Western (Ireland) 12*, Great North of England 153, Great Western 179, Halves 103. Hull and Selby 734, Bir mingham 238, Brighton 55. South Western 80, Croydon DIV, Lend 'n and York si, Midland 129, Manchester and Leeds 149, Newcastle Junction 69. Newcastle and Berwick 17, South Eastern 50, Scarborough Branch 45, Boulogne and Amiens, 51, Orleans and Vierzon IC. Great Northern of France si, Paris and Orleans 44/, Paris and Rouen 424, Orleans and Bor deaux 71. THE HOUSE OF SICKNESS. — HOW painfully is the sense of severe illness diffused through every part of a household. How solemn is the influence it sheds on every individual, and every object; the noiseless step, the whis pered words, the closed curtains, the interruption to the ordinary avocatione of life, or the performance of them in gloom and sadness. When wealth and its appliances exist, these things take all the features of extreme care and solicitude for the sufferer ; all the agencies of kindness and skill are brought into active exertion, to minister to the rich man in sickness; but when poverty and its evils are present—when the struggle is against the pressure of want, as well as the sufferings of malady, the picture is indeed a dark one. The many deficiencies in comfort, which daily habit has learned to overlook, the privations which in the active conflict with the world are forgotten, now, come forth in the solitude of the sick house, to affright and af flict us, and we sorrow over miseries long lost to memory till now. Never since the fatal illness which left O'Do noghue a widower, had there been any thing like dange rous sickness in the house; and like most people who have long enjoyed the blessings of uninterrupted health. they had no thought of such a calamity, nor deemed it among the contingencies of life. Now, however, the whole household felt the change. The riotous laughter of the kitchen was silenced, the loud speaking hushed, the doors banged by the wind, or the ruder viol nee of care less hands, were closed nniselessly—every thing betokened that sorrow was there. O'Donoghue himself paced to and fro in the chamber of the old tower, now, stopping to cast a glance down the glen, where he still hoped to see Mark approaching, now, resuming his melancholy walk in sad ness of heart. In the darkened sick-room, and by the bed, sat Sir Archibald, concealed by the curtain, but near enough to give assistance to the sick boy should he need it. He sat buried in his own gloomy thoughts, rendered gloomier, as he listened to the hurried ht.,- athings and low mutterings of the youth, whose fever continued to increase upon him. The old ill-tempered cook. whose tongue was the terror of the region she dwelt in, sat smoking by the flee, nor noticed the presence of the aged fox-hound, who had followed Kerry into the kitchen, and now lay asleep before the fire. Kerry himself ceased to hum the snatches of songs and ballads, by which he was accustomed to be guile the weary day. There was a gloom on every thing, nor was the aspect without doors more cheering. The rain beat heavily in drifts against the window; the wind shook the old trees virdently, and tossed their gnarled limbs in wild confusion, sighing with mournful cadence along the deep glen, or pouring a long melancholy note through the narrow corridors of the old house. The sound of the storm, made more audible by the dreary silence, seemed to weigh down every heart. Even the hare-legged little gossoon, Mickey, who had come over from Father Luke's with a message, sat mute and sad, and as he moved his naked foot among the white turf ashes, seemed to feel the mournful depression of the hour.—The O'Donoghue. M ARRIAGE FEES.-1 am prepared to say, that in seven s of the stolen marriages in this neighbourhood, nothing more has been desired, than to avoid the publicity of hearing their own names " called out" in church, or a dread of the jeers of their acquaintance, who may have heard them so published : indeed, some hare said to me, " Sir, I will be married by license, for I don't want to be ' called out' in church ;" but when told that, instead of fin shillings, the charge for marriage by banns, it would cost them two pounds and ten shillings, a sigh has fol lowed ; and, " I suppose, then, I must be asked," has been the reluctant reply. * * * * May Ibe allowed to inquire whether there exists any moral reason why the rich should have certain privileges in this most important matter, which the poor have not ? The poor have their feelings of delicacy and bashful reserve on these occasions, as well as the rich ; .and, as we ourselves would shrink from having our own names published before a congregation, let us believe that many of our humbler neighbours, about to enter on that solemn engagement, feel as we do on the subject. But perhaps. sir, )ou will inquire, if these things are so, is there any remedy ? To which my ready reply is, I believe there is; and my pro posed remedy is such as will, I verily believe, if adopted, . prove the source of a considerable addition to her Ma jesty's revenue ; for, let us notice the charge for a marriage license—l have one before me, which cost two pounds ; of this sum ten shillings, for the stamp, went into her Ma jesty's exchequer; ten shillings into the pockets of the surrogate, by whom it was procured ; and one pound to the registrar and other officers of the diocesan court of Chester. Now, I would propose the following alterations. Let the whole charge for a marriage license be ten shil lings at the utmost ; let it be lawful to be given on a stamp of five shillings value; let the officers of the diocesan court be satisfied with five shillings ; and then, in lieu of a ten shilling fee to a surrogate, let every beneficed clergy man, in whose church or chapel marriages may be lawfully solemnized, let every such clergyman, I say, be declared competent to administer the oaths required in such cases, and to procure the licenses from his diocesan court ; the party seeking a license to be charged with the postages. I would further proceed to abolish all extra fees for mar riage by license, feeling assured, that all persons of wealth would still present their minister with a token of their regard suitable to the occasion ; and, in order effectually to prevent clandestine marriages, and improper and illegal unions, seven days' notice of a wish to be married by li cense should, in all cases, be required; the said notice should be given in writing, and a certificate of residence in the parish, describing the place of abode, and signed by a respectable householder, should be rendered at the same time ; and during those seven days, between the date of notice and the day of granting the license, it should be the duty of the clergyman to satisfy himself of the correctness of the statements made to him ; and, when so satisfied, be should grant the license, and proceed to marry the parties, charging only the same dues as if they were married after publication of banns.—Letter to Sir R. Peel, by Rev. A. Hewlett, M.A. Feb. 4, 1845. THE SHARE MARKET For the following particulars we are indebted to Mr. Wills, sharebroker, of this town / "Liverpool, Ist February, 1845. " A large amount of business has been done again, this week, in railway shares, and prices generally have contd. derably advanced. " Another announcement from the railway department of the Board of Trade was published in last night's Ga zette, from which it appears, that the board have decided on reporting to Parliament in favour of three out of eight of the new Irish lines, and in favour of six out of nine of the new English lines. The board have recommended the postponement of four of the new Irish projects. All these decisions are in strict accordance with the principles which have, hitherto, guided the board, and prove that the policy of the Government with regard to the all-important question of railway extension is at once conservative and progressive. . . . • " - The fate of the West Yorkshire scheme, with its Wl' erful and influential committee, should have some effect in checking the reckless speculation w:lich has been going on for some time in the shares of the London and York Railway. The West Yorkshire was one of the projects which would have interfered most materially with the traffic of the Manchester and Leeds Railway, whilst the Leeds and West Riding Junction is manifestly a legitimate extension of that important line. The country is mainly indebted to the energy, enterprise, extraordinary foresighti indomitable courage, and untiring perseverance of the present companies for the wonderful facilities of comma', nication which now exist between most of the princiPe towns in the kingdom ; and it is not to be supposed for d moment that all this will be forgotten by a tribunal raised above the suspicion of being influenced by any sinister considerations and appointed by Parliament to investigati the merits of all new projects of railway extension. "The approval of the Churnet Valley scheme mal seem, at first sight, to be a departure from the principle which have, hitherto, guided the decisions of the board; but it is understood that arrangements have besn made with the promoters of this line which place it in a veil different position to that occupied by such aggressive pro; jects as the Direct Portsmouth, the Direct London ant Norwich, the London and York, the Direct Northern, of, the West Yorkshire schemes. " The increase in the traffic receipts of the underrnetl' tionel twenty-four railways for the first four weeks of thit year, as compared with the corresponding period of 1 01 year, amounts to £51,224; namely, Birmingham and Gloucester, £l,BOO ; Chester and Birkenhead, £341 Edinburgh and Glasgow, 41,254 ; Eastern Countieli £1,464 ; Glasgow, Paisley. and Greenock, £213 ; Glos . gow and Ayr, £1,090 • Grand Junction, £3,005 ; Great North of England, .£1022 ; Great Western, £8,982 ; verpool and Manchester, £1,540 ; London and Binning' ham, £3,759 ; London and Brighton, £915 ; Landoll and South Western, £1,644 ; London and Croydon' £707; Manchester and Birmingham, £2,264; Mancha' ter, Bolton, and Bury, £353 ; Manchester and Leeds £3,506; Midland Railway, £5,670; Newcastle and Car. lisle, £974 ; North Union, £2,340; Preston and Wire £467; Sheffield and Manchester, £742; South Easter% and Dover, £9,121; and Ulster, £48." SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S, THURSDAY The room was badly attended, and business, althongt of some importance in two or three respects, extrema slack. Of the Chester Cup it is only necessary to obserill that the first two favourites and Celeste wept in greitl force at an improvement of several points on Monday market. Cataract was also in favour, but did not move Several others were backed, but at small amounts, 0 6 only in two instances, Zanoni and The Era, with set effect on the prices. The only demonstration on el Derby was in favour of Kedger, who was backed at 15 and 16 to 1 (in one bet at 14 to 1), the smaller of the tvg prices not being obtainable at the finish. The (Abel transactions on this event tallied too closely with our lasi quotations to call for any observation. Closing prices:' CHESTER CUP. 11 to 1 agst Mr Jaqurs's Semiseria (taken) 14 „ 1 „ Mr A. Johnstone's Obscurity (taken) 18 „ 1 „ Mr W. Scott's Cataract (taken) 20 „ 1 „ Mr H. Stfbbing's Celeste (take 25 to 1) 25 „ 1 „ Mr 0. Parry's Zanotti 33 „ 1 „ Mr A. Johnstone's The Era (taken, and afterwards offered) 33 „ 1 „ Mr Gully's St. Lawrence 33 „ 1 „ Mr Bell's Winesour (40 to 1 laid once) 50 „ 1 „ Mr Irwin's Pride of Kildare (taken) 50 „ 1 „ Mr Osbaldeston's Sorella (taken) 50 „ 1 „ Mr Cuthbert's Queen of Tyne (taken) 50 ~ 1 ~ Mr Irwin's Foig-a-Ballagh (taken) 60 ~ 1 „ Lord George Bentinck's Nereus 66 ~ 1 „ Mr Armstrong's Advice 66 ~ 1 „ Mr Hook's Bastion 100 „ 1 „ Mr Plummer's Alice Hawthorn DERBY. 12 „ 1 „ Mr Greville's Alarm (taken, and aft offu , 13 „ 1 Col Pea's Cobweb colt (tic, and aft oird) 15 „ 1 „ Col Anson's Kedger (taken) 16 „ 1 „ Lord Stradbroke's ldas 30 „ 1 „ Lord Chesterfield's Newsmonger (taken) 33 „ 1 „ Lord Gla.gow's Miss Whip colt (taken) 35 „ 1 „ Mr Gully's Old England (taken) 50 „ 1 „ Lord Eglintoun's Lycurgus (taken) 50 „ 1 „ Mr Coleman's Young Eclipse 600 to 50 on the field agst the Cobweb colt The colt out of Calypso's dam has been named Mentor MANCHESTER, FRIDAY EVENING. Owing to the near approach of the day of acceptanel (to-morrow) for the Chester Cup, the betting since Toes' day has been exceedingly limited. The little busioeol done„ however, includes a number of important invelt ments, the principal of which may be enumerated as N I lows :—On Wednesday, 20 to 1 in scores was laid . agltin 6 l Cataract, and 400 to 10 against St. Lawrence; hotb which were wanted again. Yesterday, the Era ccr, backed in ponies at 35 to 1, and Winesour at 300 to I"' offers to back April Noddy against The Pride of Kildll t for 1000. To-day, Obscurity was supported twice lo b hundreds at 16 to 1, Zanoni at 22 to 1, to a little at rialla id The Era in scores at 30 to 1, Ratan several times at 33 1, Extempore to a pony at 40 to 1, Agriculture at 950 , 20, and Milton at 500 to 10. The following were Eh dosing prices : CHESTER CUP. 6 to 1 agst Kent's lot (offered) 11 „ 1 „ Semiseria, 5 yrs, 7st 81b 15 ~ 1 ~ Obscurity, 4 yrs, sst 121 b (16 to ltakeo f ' 2U „ 1 „ Cataract, 5 yrs, 6st 101 b (offered) 25 „ 1 „ Zanoni, 5 yrs, Bst 121 b (taken) 25 „ 1 „ Celeste, 4 yrs, sst 12lb (offered) 30 ~ 1 „ The Era, 5 yrs, Bst 111 b (taken) 30 ~ 1 ~ Winesour, 5 yrs, Bst 61b (offered) 33 „ 1 „ Ratan, 4 yrs, Bst 41b (taken) 33 „ 1 ~ St. Lawrence, aged, Bst 91b (offered) 40 ~ 1 „ Extempore, 5 yrs, 7st 81b (taken) 40 ~ 1 „ Hemp, 4 yrs, 6-t 91b (offered) 40 „ 1 „ April Noddy, 4 yrs, sst 71b (offered) , 950 „ 20 „ Agriculture, 5 yrs, Est 61b (taken) 50 „ 1 „ Milton, 4 yrs, 6st 81b (taken) 50 „ 1 „ Advice, 4 yrs, 6st 2lb (offered) 50 „ 1 „ Nereus, 3 yrs, 4st 71b (offered) 6 „ 1 „ Duke of Richmond's lot and Obscur ii (taken, 8 to 1 afterwards offered) DERBY. 11 to 1 agst Mr Greville's Alarm 13 „ 1 ~ Col Peel's Cobweb colt (offered) • 15 „ 1 ~ Col Anson's Kedger (take 16 to 1) 16 „ I ~ Lord Stradbroke's Ides (offered) 20 „ 1 ~ lord Chesterfield's Pam (offered) r 25 „ 1 „ Mr Johnstone's Annandale 30 ~ 1 „ Mr Gully's Old England (take 35 to I) 30 „ 1 „ Mr Gully's Weatherbit (take 35 to 1) i 33 „ 1 „ Mr Mostyn's Paritasa (bike 40 to I) 33 , I „ Lord Glasgow's Miss Whip colt 33 ~ 1 „ Mr St. Paul's Calypso's dam colt (t 40 to 40 „ 1 „ Mr Irwin's Connaught Ranger 40 „ 1 , Mr A. H. Hill's Ironmaster (t,ke 50 to I , On Wednesday, 35 to 1 was laid in ponies and t; sums against the Miss Whip colt, who was backed 1 4 5, ously at 40 to 1, and yesterday 16 to 1 in scores se; Kedger, and 50 to 1 to the same amount against MC; gu s. There was not a bet that we are aware of laid ' LIVERPOOL GRAND NATIONAL STEEP' CHASE. ENTRY. HANDICAP SWEEPSTAKES, of 20 sovs each, 10 ft, 611 only if declared on the 17th of February. Blueskin, Brenda. Clansman, The Romp, T8113 ,74 ; 1 , Discount. Charley, Nimrod, Tim Novice, Pickwick , .1 Tug, Mathew, Crams, Cure-All, Peter Swift, Sp i l Moderideroo, Agriculture, Babylon, Peter Simple, Duenna, Robin Adair, Brilliant, The Page, The Stray! Lycurgus, The Returned, Heslington, The Sky, Pr e ' nitz, Crocus, Chance, Tiny, The Artist (late li e slingtl, Culverthorpe, Ploughboy, Boxkeeper, Ceremony, Knight Templar, Vanguard, The Scavenger, COI Jewel, The Tuly, Jellalabad, The Exquisite, W*' Cheroot, gr g by Algar, out of Gift. HEREFORD STEEPLE CHASE, WEDNESIW, The Aristocratic Chase was won by Humbug, be a t Momentum, Albert, and Tariff. Albert refused oe l all his fences, and Tariff fell. --.0.--- FOOT RACE.—Notwithstanding the unfavourable ! of the weather upwards of 4,000 persons assembled Monday last at Gannick Corner, about a mile and a, beyond Bernet, to witness the foot race (four mil es), tween Jackson, the American Deer, and Shephard of. minghatn. The men went to the starting place, I Frank Keys, to run one mile out anti return, the dials being measured towards London. Jackson took thel which he maintained until nearly the whole of •the tance had been accomplished, his opponent waiting I him the whole of the way, and being but a few yards, hind him. The speed throughout the race was moat. traordinary ; the first two miles were performed 1 11 minutes and ten seconds, and the four miles under twe one minutes. In going up to the fifth mile the appeared to increase their speed, and Shephard, style is the most extraordinary and beautiful ever raa right up to his opponent, and they were togethe; spout fifty yards, when Shephard, almost within sIIV the winning post, gradually headed his opponent, add by about four yards, accomplishing the five mile twenty-five minutes and forty-five seconds. It wa s witted to be the finest race ever witnessed. A NEW DISCOVERY IN THE TREATMENT OF 0 —We beg to direct the attention of our readers ti advertisement of Mr. Ayres, in another columo., understand this gentleman has been very success° come cases of difficulty, and certainly the sc i en tific 1 ciple upon whic h his prescriptions are based, — ,1 % . " - of exact analysts, must secure a certainty nf effect.