The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1844-12-24 00:00:00

IrutiElGN AND COLONIAL. The Jewish writer, Lawbroso, who resides at Turin, bas just embraced the Christian religion. The cold was so intense at Turin on the night of the 6th instant that in the morning several sentinels were found dead in their sentry boxes. Spain is tranquil. It is reported that Zurbano is in Madrid, watching an opportunity to put Navarez to death. • THE WORSHIP OF JU GGERNAUT.—The necessary documents have been forwarded to India, to complete the severance of the government of India from the idolatrous worship of the natives in the Temple of Juggernaut. There are i❑ France, says one of the journals, 3,500 ac tors, 2,900 actresses, and 16,000 individuals attached in one way or other to the theatres, making a total of 22,000 persons living upon the budget of Thalia and Melpomene, which is estimated at 30,000,000 f. RIOTS AT BERN E.—The Constitutionnel gives a letter from Berne, of the 9th, stating, that on the preceding day, the anti-Jesuit party at Lucerne rose against the go vernment and attacked the arsenal, but was defeated with the loss of several men. Two of the chiefs of the revolt were taken, but two escaped to the outside of the town, where a considerable force of volunteers from different cantons had assembled, but were unable to act. WATERSPOUT IN MEXICO.—At Yabu, during the late hurricane, a tremendous waterspout passed through the place, doing much damage. It was about twenty feet wide. In its course it passed over two houses, driving the roofs thrototh, and entirely destroying one. Five children were killed in one of the buildings. The effects were the same as if a violent river had run through the town, leaving a kind of channel. Trees, grass, and every thing that came in its way, were torn up. Mechanics and artisans were very scarce, and were receiving from four to five dollars per day.—Amarican paper. DISGRACEFUL OUTRAGES IN CANADA.—The Mon treal newspapers, received by the last mail-packet, record a variety of daring outrages on property, attemps at assas sination, and other crimes, committed in that town, du ring the previous six or seven days. "In one instance," (says the Transcript) a peaceable habitats and his sister, driven from their homes by threats of violence, have been engulphed in the waters of the St.- Lawrence, with the two boatmen who conducted them, and all the little pro perty tbey were trying to preserve; in the other, a das tardly attempt has been made to assassinate a respectable citizen, by discharging a murderous weapon into his house, at a time when it was reasonable to suppose that he was surrounded by his family, who were to be made the wit nesses of the horrible crime. The other papers record nu men us similar instances of outrage. At Coteau du Lac. on the 18th ult., (the first case referred to,) a citizen named Christen dit Suntamour, was driven from his store by the threats of the canal men at Beauliarnois. He em barked with his sister, Miss Adelaide Christen, a quan tity of goods, money to the amount of £l5O, and the two ferrymen. From fear of the threats of the men, he un wisely loaded the scow too heavily. Shortly after :hey pushed off the boat filled, it is supposed; the two ferry men eldeavoured to swim ashore, as nothing was heard of them. The young lady was heard not far from the shore, and after passing all the rapids of the Cascades was still heard. Nothing was done to assist them, who, as well as the ferrymen, all perished. The scow was found bottom up at Isle Perrot. Many,pf the articles have since been found in the possession of the cavaliers, and they refused to give up anything.—ln the latter end of October a cow ardly attack was made at night on Mr. Tilton, a most inoffensive man, in Griffintown. On the same evening, two men were brutally assaulted by a gang of men, and were both confined to their beds. On the following day it was dangerous for respectable persons to appear abroad in Griffinstown, and a military guard had to be procured. The canaliers next day attacked the military, but was de feated. A methodist chapel was destroyed by the rioters, and other Protestant churches injured. The canal men in Beauharnois had renewed their Cork and Connaught factions, and some conflicts had takan place. It was ru moured that four to six habi'ants, in flying from one of the factions, got into a canoe, and were carried over the rapids, and drowned.—At Quebec a mob of 400 to 600, bearing tar barrels, and shouting for O'Connell and re peal, paraded Champlain-street, breaking the windows of every house in which no light was visible. This destruc tion was indiscriminate ; Catholics, Protestants, Repeal ers, anti-Repeaters, suffered alike; and the windows of the Catholic Church, the Mariners' and Wesleyan Cha pels, wherein no lights could have been expected were de molished. Huge stones were hurled for this purpose of destruction ; in several instances breaking sash and panes. Great damage was done to a tavern, when the landlord, after in vain wearing the mob to desist, fired upon them twice with small shot, and wounded two men. The police were too small to contend with tne rioters.—The . Mon treal Register, a religious periodical, says, " This city has been the scene of a series of riots, perpetrated by the ca nallers ; churches and private buildings have been attack ed and not a pane of glass lett, and individual's lives threatened. The Methodist Chapel and the Baptist Mis sionary Church, situated in Griffintown, were attacked on Wednesday night last, and nearly demolished. The sol diers have been since then constantly parading the streets during the night time, and it has been founu necessary to bring in a reinforcement. There is also a troop of cavalry in town which has done good service. If the troops had not been stationed in Griffintown last week, there would have been a number of fires. We saw on Friday, In pass ing through Griffintown, a number of houses marked Ready," and numbered from one to fifty (at least we saw both of these numbers, though they might have ex tended higher.) These were the houses of Irish protes tants and Orangemen, and were intended to be burned." The Montreal Gazette says, in allusion to this, that many of the persons threatened with fire andslaughter, were not Orrngemen, any more than the editors themselves, and that " it is the slang of the ruffian party which hounds these ignorant and passionate people on, to denounce every Protestant, and particularly every Irish Protestant, who exercises, against their views, the privileges due to every British subject, wherher Catholic or Protestant, as "an Orangeman. It is stated in the Montreal Times that two shots had been fired into the room of Captain Alleyne, c , .mmanding the detachment of t he 52d regiment, at Lachine, and that one of the balls grazed his face. From what we can imperfectly glean from these papers, one of the original causes of these outrages was the use made, on the eve of an election, amongst the lower orders, of argu ments relative to the constitution of King's College, To ronto. IRELAND. On Wednesday, Mr. John Carden, of Templemore, Tipperary, was fired at and killed. No details are given. Dr. WHale has issued a fulminatory address against Mr. Wyse's scheme for establishing colleges in Ireland, open to all religions. The Eliza and Ann, 150 tons burden, of Cork, was wrecked on Friday week, off Ardmore Head. The crew perished. - - - -• Loss OF A STEAMER. — The Vanguard, from Dublin to Cork, was wrecked last Tuesday, when near Cork barb Jur. She ran ashore in a storm, but no lives were lost. On Thursday last, at a meeting in Dublin, Dr. Murray was threatened with a curtailment of his dues, as the pu nishment of his acceptance of the commission under the charitable bequests act. PETER DENS.—The Dublin Freeman (Popish paper) states that the works of Peter Dens "counsel to crimes which he would blush to pen, and which no modest female dare peruse." This is candid and satisfactory, and is precisely the description that every honest man must give of those abominable volumes. MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT.-011 Saturday night, in this city, an entire family (Mr. John Power's) was all but consumed by fire in consequence of the bed curtains having ignited whilst the family were asleep, through one of them having left the candle lighted when retiring to rest. An infant is dead, and Mrs. Power is in a dangerous state. — Waterford Chronicle. On Monday evening week, as Henry Pottinger, Esq., of Moyrath Castle, Meath, was going to his cattle sheds, about eight o'clock, be was fired at. One of the slugs hit him in the temple, another went right through his hat, which, had it bit him, it must have killed him on the instant. A. tree, which was in the direction from whence the shot was fired—out of which several slugs were taken the next morning —broke the effect of the shot, and thus his life was providentially preserved. CHARITABLE BEQUESTS AcT.—Tbe Dublin Gazette has announced the official appointment of the commis sioners of this act. They are the protestant archbishops of Armagh and Dublin, Dr. Crolly, Dr. Murray, Bishop Denvir, Earl of Donoughmore, Dr. Pakenham, Dean of St. Patricks, Sir P. Bellew, A. P. Blake , and Dr. Henry. Mr. O'Connell's rage may be imagined at seeing the names of three eminent prelates of the Church of Rome in the above list. who have dared to take their seats at the Board in spite of his denunciations. Dr. AP Hale, " the Lion of the Fold of Judah," is in no less a rage than his friend the Liberator. Irma FEDERALISM. — The scheme of Mr. Grey Por ter for an entire new system of Federal Government for which O'Connell a few weeks back was content to suspand all agitation for a repeal of the Union, has at length turned up, and a precious piece of humbug it is. The following are the proposals :—" (1.) That the Imperial Parliament in London, shall continue to be the supreme legislative authority, under the Queen, over the whole Hiberno.British empire. (2) That no bill of any poli tical act of Parliament to be in force in Ireland, (except only all acts which relate to the Imperial Army, Navy, and Ordnance,) shall for the future be laid before the House of Commons, or the House of Lords, without the previous approbation of a majority of the Irish Members or of the Irish Peers, to be called by the Speaker of the House of Commons, or by the Chairman of the House of Lords, by such notice, at such time and place, and in such manner, as shall hereafter be settled by the Imperial Parliament.'' The plan was drawn up, the author in forms us, on the grounds subjoined :—" (1.) That Ire land should, for her own sake, continue to send her members to the Imperial Parliament, in London ; and, with Great Brttain, to form the base of the Hiberno- British Empire ; and should vidicate to herself a full, fair share in its great advantages. (2.) That a warm and generous spirit should be cherished in Ireland, as the best element of national honour, strength, and prosperity. (3.) That a strong and bond fide militia—the proper de fence of a free cauntry—should be set on foot and kept tip in Ireland." REPEAL. ASSOCIATION. —The rent for the week drop ped on Monday to £179. O'Connell on the occasion put forth all his arts to resuscitate the smouldering embers of contribution. " The year '43." quoth he, " w as a great repeal year (it was once the repeal year'), b i ecaus e of t h e ag g regation of countless thousand s, &c. he year was a great repeal year, because of the forbearance and fortitude the Irish people evinced under most trying cir cumstances. Let the year '45 be a great year, and let it be characterised by weekly collections ABOVE ALL THINGS." What drivelling and dotage is this? Does not every body know that everything Irish is great ?" Is rot Ireland a great country ?" Are not " the Irish a great people ?" Is not every day " a great day for Ireland ?" And is not the Irish patriot the greatest of all sturdy beg gars? What is the use of reiterating what every body knows ? But, with all their intellect and learning, the Irish, it would appear, do not yet know, that as a pin a d y makes a groat a year, so a "shilling a year is one penny a month, one farthing a week, and four weeks for nothing." And who would not give this in exchange for the prospective advantages ? " Let there be but a vigo rous collection of the repeal rent," says Mr. O'Connell— " Let every man think he owes a farthing a week to his country, and we must succeed. Let them recollect the advantages to be gained by these things—six millions of rents and taxes now draining from the country would be spent in Ireland—the gentry should reside at home—em ployment for the labourer—a higher rate of wages for the mechanic and artizan—comfort and happiness for the en tire land. Our commerce should be restored—our manu factures encouraged—our trade protected—our agricul tural interests augmented and increased—the position — the essentially favourable and happy position of our coun try made available as the entrepot for the commerce of the world—and all our resources developed and brought out." Who would not buy such advantages at a farthing a week ? Not the Irish, it appears, for they will not give it. None of the leading members were present but Mr. O'Connell himself. UNIVERSITY 4- CLERICAL NEW, . OXFORD, DECEMBER 17.—1 n a congregation holden to-day, the following degrees were conferred :—Bache lors in Divinity.—The Rev. William Thompson, Princi pal of St. Edmund Hall; Rev. John Hill, Vice Principal of St. Edmund Hall ; Rev. James Alexander Emerton, of Magdalene Hall ; Rev. John Fisher, Fellow of Mag dalene College.—Masters of Arts.—Edward Warner, Wadham, Grand Compounder ; Rev. Charles John Smith, Christ Church ; Rev. Anthony Hart Smith, St. Edmund Hall.—Bachelors of Arts.—Clement Moody, Magda lene Hall; James Gordon, St. Mary Hall; William Grassett Clarke, Oriel College ; Robert Ogle, Brasenose College ; George Scaife, Lincoln College. PREFERMENTS AND APPOINTMENTS. —Rey. T. Pros ser M.A., to the perpetual curacy of Upton Sr. Leo nard's,i Gloucester, vacant by the resignation of the Rev. 11. Parsons.—Rev. W. W. Walsh, 8.A., late curate of Winterbourne Stoke and Berwick St. James, Wilts, to the rectory of Triborough, Somerset, with the perpetual curacy of Withiell Horey annexed, diocese of Bath and Wells.—Rev. T. Dean, curate of Berrow and Little Mal vern, to the vicarage of Warton, Chester.—Rev. Preben dary Woollcombe, M.A., vicar of Kingsteinton, with the chapel of Highweek, Devon, to be a Surrogate for grant ing marriage licenses.—Rev. A. B. Hill, 8.A., to the vicarage of Morebath, Devon, void by the death of the Bev. W. B. Bere.—Rev. J. S. Townsend to the perpe tual curacy of Brushford, Devon, void by the cession of the Rev. J. W. John.—Rev. D. A. Browne, 8.A.. to be minister to the newly-erected Church of the Holy Trinity at Salterton, in the parish of Woodbury, Devon.—Rev. T. Chamberlain, [11.A., incumbent of St. Thomas's, Ox ford, to be a rural dean of the deanery of Oxford.—Rev. W. Airey. M.A., to the vicarage of Bramley.—Rev. H. Milne, M.A., to the rectory of Holm Hale, Norfolk. — Rev. G. Dowell to the donative of Werrington. Devon. —Rev. W. H. Dyott, 8.A., vicar of Austrev, Warwick shire, to be domestic chaplain to Viscount Combermere. —Rev. R. C. Trench, M.A., to the rectory of Abbotson, with the vicarage of Itchen Stoke, vacant by the resigna tion of the Hon. and Rev. F. Baring.—Rev. D. Gillert, 8.A., curate of Brighton, to the curacy of Wickhamp ton, Norfolk.—Rev. G. W. Manning, perpetual curate of St. Julio*_, to the curacy of Lesnewth, Cornwall.—Rev. F. G. Rawlins. M.A., to the rectory of Leaden Roding, Essex.—Rev. It. M. Frost, B.A. to the curacy of St. Michael, Lewes, Sussex.—Rev. J. Bradshaw, 8.A., to the Incumbency of St. George's Church, Darlaston, Staf fordshire.--Rev. A. Packe to the rectory of Caythorpe, Lincolnshire.—Rrv. J. Davies, 8.A., to the lectureship of St. Phillips, Birmingham.—Rev. H. G. N. Bishop, 8.A., to the vicarage of Great Clacton, with Little Hol land, Essex.—Rev. T. Atkinson to the perpetual curacy of Copmanthorpe with Upper Poppleton, Yorkshire.— Rev. F. T. Attree to the curacy of Lastingham, York shire.—Rev. S. Creyke to the rectory of Beefo tl, York shire.—Rev. H. Owen, curate of Llanllechid, Carnarvon shire, to the vicarage of Llanynys, Denbighshire.—Rev. M. Williams, curate of Bangor, to the curacy of Llan llechid.—liev. S. C. Poole to the perpetual curacy of Gludwick, near Oldham.—Rev. T. S. Mills to the perpe tual curacy of Littleborough.—Rev. A. Peyton, jun., to the rectory of Lackford, Suffolk.—Rev. H. Goodwin, B.A. to the vicarage of Twyning, Gloucestershire.—Rev. H. Grey, M.A., late curate of Jarrow, to the living of Trent Vale, Staffordshire.—Rev. F. Gould to the perpe tuil curacy of New Hall, Burton-on-Trent.—Rev. J. Adeney to the rectory of Flowton, Suffolk.—Hon. and Rev. T. Pelham, 8.A., to an honorary canonry in Nor wich cathedral.—Rev. J. Trollope, M.A., to the rectory of Crowmarsh, Gifford, Oxon.—Rev. C. D'Ovley Applin to the perpetual curacy of Stanley, near Wakefield.—Rev. H. F. Beckett to the curacy of Dodworth, near Barnsley, Yorkshire.—Rev. E. W. Wright to the vicarage of Great Malvern.—Rev. T. Williams, late curate of Merthyr Tydfil, to the perpetual curacy of Llanllwch, near Car marthen. The Chancellorship of the Diocese of Norwich has been conferred on Charles Evans, Esq., M.A., barrister. Dr. Henry K. Bonney, Archdeacon of Bedford, has been appointed to the Archdeaconry of Lincoln. Dr. Scoresby hen resigned the Vicarage of the pariah of Bradford. The advowson of the vicarage is vested in the trustees of the late Rev. C. Simeon. The Rev. Mr. Higgin, Rector of Roscrea, an advocate of the National System of Education, has been appointed Dean of Limerick. EXETER.—Parochial meetings have been held in the parishes of St. Martin, St. Paul, and at Heavitree, ad joining the city, containing a population of 3000 persons, where resolutions were unanimously adopted reprobating the proposed innovations in the church service. HARROW ScHooe.—The Rev. C. T. Vaughan, rector of St. Martin's, Leicester, was elected on Wednesday to the office of Head Master of Harrow School. This gentleman was a distinguished and favourite scholar of the late Dr. Arnold. PROPAGATION OF THE GOSPEL SOCIETY.—In answer to the appeal that is now making in the country for this society, some very handsome contributions have been announced ; amongst others, Lady Arden, £lOO per an num; F. H. Dickinson, Esq., M.P., 30 guineas yearly; a beneficed clergyman, £5OO don. ; Mr. Long, £1000; a contribution by a family, £2000; Rev. C. J. Plumer, £500; Mrs. Mary Gee, 13000 ; Miss Fanshaw, £2OO ; fifteen individuals have increased their subscriptions to ten guineas a year, and thirty-one to five guineas. A new Metropolitan Church Building Association has been formed in London, for the purpose of supplying certain wants in the present incorporated society. The Reverends Dr. Tattersall, Hugh M'Neile, and J. H. Stewart, are the corresponding members for Liverpool. Hitherto scarcely anything has been done to meet the public provision made by Sir Robert Peel, who brought forward £600,000 for the endowment of new parishes, stating that the people would soon build churches in the districts so endowed. We hope the new society will be soon able liberally to meet Sir Robert's judicious proposal. POPERY V. SCRIPTURE.—In the protest against the " Charitable Bequest Act," signed by one archbishop, thirteen bishops, and above one thousand priests, is the following sentence :—" Instead of a concession, it is a new penal law of the old cannon, forbidding the dying sinner in his most sincere moments—the time or his last sick - ness—to redeem his sins by the bequest of a single acre of landed property for any religious or charitable purpose in our communion." Thus speaks Popery ; now hear what St. Paul saith—" Christ hath redeemed as from the curse of the law being made a curse for us." Hear, also, what St. Peter saith—" Ye know that ye were not rdremed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, but with the precious blood of Christ." CHURCH EXTENSION.—The second meeting of the In corporated Society for promoting the Enlargement, &c., of churches and chapels for the season was held on Mon day last, at which the Lord Bishop of London presided. Grants were voted towards the erection of six new churches, and the enlargement of four existing churches. Four of the new churches are for districts endowed under the act of last session—at King Cross, in the parish of Halifax • Little Drayton in the parish of Market Drayton ; Rhos-yCae, near Holywell ; and South Milfor t, in the parish of Sherburn, Yorkshire ; the other two new churches are for Armitage-bridge, in the parish of Hud dersfield, and North Moor-green, in the parish of North Petherton. The churches which are to be enlarged are at Coniscliffe, near Darlington; Marcos, near Langharne; Areley Kings, near Stourport ; and Great Wilbra' am, near Cambridge. The treasurer reported that the grants voted at this meeting had almost exhausted the funds at the disposal of the society. The total population aided by the grants made at this meeting amounts to 183,824 souls, and the number of existing churches is 41 ; the ac commodation they contain is for 30,150 persons, about 5700 of which are free ; to this provision of church room 3950 sittings are to be added, of which 2600, or nearly the whole number, will be free and unappropriated. DIOCESES OF CHESTER AND EXETER.—In what a state of excitement and confusion are the city and diocese of Exeter, from the Tractarian innovations of the Bishop! But the present effect is of little comparative moment, but as surely portending, if the innovations be persevered in, extensive secessions from the church, and a vast weakening of its legitimate influence and power. It is a merci ul thing that the dioceses of England in general are not in such a state as this. And if passing over the generality of them, we reach that of Chester, one of the largest, and we rather think, the most populous of the whole. and perceive not only new churches rising in all directions, but Dissenters in multitudes joining the church, not a few Dissenting ministers waiting for ad mission into her service, and one pastor with his entire congregation passing into the bosom of our communion at once,—we see the legitimate effect of the true catholic spirit and labours of one Bishop ; while looking back to the other end of the kingdom, we perceive the legitimate effect, also, of the true Tractarian and lordly rule of another. The one is cherishing and building up the church ; raising it to higher honour in the eyes of all men ; and increasing its intelligent members and effective power with prodigious rapidity. The other is scattering and wasting the pastors and the flocks, first with Tracta rian doctrine, and now with Tractarian innovations; he has become the " monster" promoter of Dissent through out the kingdom ; and is doing the work of an unhealthy dissent, and of a vigilant Popery, to the heart's content of these two distinct classes of the enemies cf our church. DR. PUSEY.—This reverend gentleman has published a letter in reference to the late proceedings instituted against Mr. Ward, in which, after stating that he " signed the articles it their literal grammatical sense,' deter mined where it is ambiguous by the faith of the whole Church before East and West were divided." He says : "The Articles I now sign in the way in which from Archbishop Laud's time they have been proposed by the Church; this test I should have to receive, not from the Church, but from the University, in the sense in which it is proposed to me by them. Could 1 then ever so much satisfy myself that I could take the test according to any general meaning of the words, I must know from past experience that I should not take it in the sense in which it was proposed to me. I could not then take it without a feel ing of dishonesty. You will imagine that I feel the responsi bility of making such a declaration, knowing, as I must, that in case, in the present excitement, the statute should pass, younger men, whom it might involve in various diffi culties might be influenced by my example, I know, too, of course, that some will he the more anxious to press the test in hopes that my refusal to take it may end in my removal from this place. Whether it would or no I know not. But, whatever be the resalt, it seems to me the straight forward course. It is best in cases of great moment that people should know the e f fect of what they are doing. I am ashamed to write so much about myself, but I cannot explain myself in few words. What is my case would, probably, be that of others. It has often been painful to witness the apparent want of seriousness in people when things far more serious than office, or home, or even one's allotted duties in God's vineyard have been at stake. But people now feel more readily what it is to lose office and home, and the associations of the greater part of life." Without stopping to inquire where "the faith of the whole church" is to be found, we may ask whether if the above letter means anything, it is not this—that if the proposed statute be passed, Dr. Pusey goes to Rome. THE COURT 4- FASHIONABLE WORLD. Her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, with the infant royal family, remain at Windsor Castle, in the enjoyment of excellent health, taking their usual out-door exercise as the weather permits. The Duke and Duchess of Saxe Coburg and Gotha, and the Grand Duke Ernest, of Wirtemburgh, left Wind sor Castle on Tuesday, and embarked at Dover for Os tend. It is now positively stated that the accouchement of the Grand Duchess of Mecklenburgh Strelitz will take place at Cambridge House. LAW INTELLIGENCE, COMMON PLEAS.—ST. STEPHEN'S WALLBROOK.— ! Gibbs (Lord Mayor) and another v. Flight and another. This action, brought on Thursday, to recover possession of books claimed by the former as churchwardens, and kept by the latter, who have been also returned as church wardens, ended in a nominal verdict for the plaintiffs. which verdict is to be hereafter turned into a special case for the opinion of the court above. SEDUCTION.—An action was tried in the Court of Ex. chequer, Dublin, on Saturday week, in which the defend ant was a Mr. B. A. Yates, a magistrate of the county of KiLiare; and the plaintiff a very poor woman, named Smith. It was an action for the seduction of the plain tiff's daughter, a girl of about eighteen. It appeared that the defendant had first seen this girl when she appealed to him as a magistrate to interfere on behalf of her mother, who was then a prisoner in Naas gaol. The jury found for the plaintiff; with £3OO damages. THE ARCHIMEBEAN SCREW.—A very important deci sion was given in the Court of Queen's Bench, on the 10th inst., in the sittings at Nisi Prins, at Guildhall, 'before Lord Denman. The plaintiff, Mr. Lowe, is a smoke-jack maker, who in 1838, took out a patent for propelling vessels, by means of a screw working under water at the stern of the vessel, and the defendants are Messrs. Penn, the celebrated steam-boat builders. The action was brought for an infringement on the plaintiffs patent, by applying the screw to the steam-boat Infant Prince. It appeared that, after the plaintiff had taken out his patent, he in 1839, made various alterations in his screw; in consequence of a series of experiments, which he mode on board of the Wizard, at which Mr. Smith, proprietor of the Archimedes was present; that the Ar chimedes was originally built with a whole screw, which occasioned a disagreeable vibration at the stern, but which was afterwards got rid of by altering the screw to an open one. For the defence it was contended that the invention was not a new one—that it did not differ in principle from Shorter's patent sculling machine, invented in 1800; that it was identical in principle and near in de tail with Millington's propeller patented in 1816; Brown's invention in 1825 ; Trevethick's in 1815, and Crammerow's in 1829 were also referred to. Mr. Ron nie, the engineer, gave his opinion that Lowe's patent differed in nothing from these; in cross-examination, however, he stated that in every one of the above inven tions the vane was flat, excepting Cammerow's, which was for a whole screw, and not for a section of a screw, as is Mr. Lowe's. The jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff, damages forty shillings. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. RAILWAY INTELLIGEACE. The Taff Vale Railway shareholders have resolved to enter into a contract for working the line for a period of seven years upon the principle of a per centage on the weekly receipts. CHESTER AND BIRKENHEAD RAILWAY.—The traffic of this railway has increased £lOO per week during the last six months, and at the approaching meeting the line will be in a position to pay a dividend at the rate of four per cent. on the present market value of the shares. The tunnel recently formed to the river Mersey has only re cently been completed, and yet the goods traffic has in creased fully one-third over the same period of last year. JUNCTION OF THE MANCHESTER AND BIRMINGHAM AND THE MANCHESTER AND LIVERPOOL RAILWAYS.— The intended route will branch off from the present Man chester and Birmingham Railway, near the iron skew bridge in Fairfield-street; then to pass between Granby Row (London Road) and the river Medlook, crossing lower down over Oxford Road. near Oxford Road Bridge, continuing by the end of Messrs. Birley's water-proofing cloth mill, by Ciaythorn, through Hewitt-street, to Knott Mill, &c. The North British Railway Company have been autho rised by the shareholders to make an application in the ensuing session of parliament for powers to form a line from the southern terminus of the Edinburgh and Dal keith Railway toile town of Harwich, and to raise an additional capital of £400,000. by the creation of 32,000 shares of £l2. 10s. each. The shareholders have also permitted the subscription of £25,000. for part of the stock of the projected Edinburgh and Dundee Railway. Although the meeting was not quite unanimous, the ma jority was sufficiently large to carry with strong feeling the resolutions proposed on these subjects. RAILWAY BUSINESS FOR NEXT SESSION. — The new railways (or extensions, deviations, &c., of existing ones) for England alone amount to no fewer than 195; those for Scotland to 7; and those for Ireland 23—making a total of 235 bills. The capital proposed to be raised for these railways is enormous. Two of the Oxford lines alone would cost, according even to present calculation, 4,000,000. The North Kent would cost £2,200,000 ; the London and York £5,000,000; the London and Chat ham, and North Kent, 1,500,000; the Leeds and West Riding Junction, £1,200,000; the direct Northern to York, £4,000,000; the Central Kentish, £1,250,000. LEEDS AND THIRSK RAILWAY.—At a meeting in Knaresborough on Thursday, Lord Harewood in the chair, it was resolved that this line of railway would be much more beneficial to the inhabitants of that town, than the Harrogate and Ripon junction.—Lord H arewood said that he never had the honour of being in the chair at so large a meeting wlere there was more unanimity than had been shown in the passing of the resolution. He had opposed a former scheme for bringing a railway to Knares borough, because he thought it would not be of advantage to that town ; but when he heard of the Leeds and Thirsk Railway, although it passed through seven miles of his property, he did not oppose it, because he thought it would promote the good of the districts through which it passed. He was not a shareholder in the undertaking, and he would not have given it any support had he not thought it would benefit the town of Knaresbro'. NORTH UNION RAILWAY.—A special general meeting of this company was held yesterday, at the Clarendon rooms : Theodore Rathbone, Esq., presided. It was re solved—That the conditional agreement of the directors to take a perpetual lease of the Southport and Euston Railway, upon a guarantee to the shareholders in that company of 4 per cent. on a limited outlay and one-half of the surplus profits, be adopted :—that the conditional agreement of the directors with the Bibble Navigation Company for making a branch to the River Ribble from the North Union line at Preston, at the joint expense of the two companies, be approved :—that the conditional arrangement made between the directors and the Liver pool and Manchester Railway Company for the amalga mation of the two undertakings, on the basis of each £lOO Consolidated Stock of the North Union Company being considered equivalent to £64 7s. 6d. of the Liver pool and Manchester or amalgamated Stock, be appro ved. EDUCATION IN TIPPERARY.—Has the spread of the current knowledge tended much to improve the moral condition and the happiness of our people, regarded as members of private families, not of the great public family ? We are not afraid to give our answer—that we are con vinced it has not. In England, we suppose no one will question that the troubles of the peace, the unhappy, dis contented, uneasy spirits, those who find home vapid and flat, compared with the excitement of the Socialist lecture, or the Chartist club, are just the class who have read and and learned a good deal more than the ordinary run of persons in their rank. And in Ireland, we speak without fear of contradiction from our own knowledge—that vast Aceldama, the county of Tipperary, is not inferior in the education of its inhabitants to any part of the United Kingdom, or of Scotland. Not merely are the acquisi tions of reading, writing, and arithmetic, po sessed by a far greater proportion of the population than could be found in any district of England, but besides, a very con siderable number of the sons of the humblest farmers are both expert mathematicians, and well-grounded Greek, Latin, and sometimes even Hebrew scholars. The coun try abounds with pedagogues, of the very lowest class, and in the direst penury, but often admirable scholars, and enthusiasts in the pursuit and lore both of scientific and literary pursuits. And yet, the moral sate of that district remains, alas! but too fearfully the same. The Calculus and the Digamma have no tendency to prevent assassination. The schoolmasters are not only the centres of knowledge, but often the nucleus around which gather the demons of incendiarism, burglary, and murder ! —Dublin University Magazine. SIR HENRY POTTINGER IN LIVERPOOL. In our last we announced the arrival in this town of Sir Henry Pottinger and suite on the previous (Monday) evening. At two o'clock, on Tuesday, Sir Henry left the Adelphi, and proceeded to the Town-hall, for the purpose of receiving addresses. Prior to his arrival at the Town-hall, the members of the several associations, to the number of about one hun dred and fifty, walked two and two, and arm in arm, from the East India and China Association Office, Exchange buildings, through the front entrance of the Town-hall, and to the Council Chamber, where they awaited the en trance of the distinguished stranger. About ten minutes after two Sir Henry entered the chamber, accompanied by his fiends from London, and was introduced to the associated bodi , 's by the Mayor, amid loud and enthusi astic cheers. Sir Henry stood at the head of the council table ; and when silence had been restored, Chas. Turner, Esq., the Chairman of the East India and China Associa tion, addressed him on presenting an address from that body expressive of " the sense felt by them of the import ant benefits which the judicious and favourable commer cial arrangements with the Chinese government have con ferred not only upon those immediately interested in the trade with that country, but upon the nation at large." To this Sir Henry replied in suitable terms. John Crosthwaite, Esq., Chairman of the West India Association, then presented an address to a similar pur port from the various commercial associations of Liver pool. To this Sir Henry made a suitable acknowledg ment. Mr. Turner again addressed Sir Henry, announc ing that the merchants of Liverpool had determined to request his acceptance of a testimonial of their grateful sense of his invaluable services, and that he (Mr. T.) would consult Sir Henry's wishes in reference to the pre paration of such testimonial. It having been arranged that Sir Henry should make his appearance on 'Change at a quarter to three o'clock, the rooms and area were at that time rather densely crowded with merchants and other gentlemen. Sir Henry was accompanied from the Council Chamber to the Ex change-rooms by the members of his party, Charles Tur ner, Esq., John Crosthwaite, Esq., Thomas Sands, Esq., and several others. His reception was very enthusiastic. He was hailed with loud cheers as he passed from bar to bar of the rooms, and repeatedly bowed his acknowledg ments. From the Exchange-rooms he proceeded to the Underwriters' Rooms, and there his reception was enthu siastic, though the numbers present were not quite so nu merous as in the lower room. He then crossed the Ex change area, viewing Nelson's Monument as he passed, and entered the western door of the Town-hall amid the acclamations of the populace. After visiting the large ball-room, in which the grand banquet was being laid at the time, and inspecting the beautiful suite of rooms, he bird'stook a eye view of the town from the dome. The haziness of the weather, however, was unpropitious for an extended view ; and after a brief stay at the top of the building, Sir Henry rejoined his family at the Adelphi Hotel. The grand banquet took place in the evening, in the large ball-room of the Town-hall. The Chair was occupied by the Worshipful the Mayor of Liverpool, James Lawrence, Esq. On his right we noticed the distinguished guest of the evening, Sir Henry Pottinger, G.C.8., Lord Viscount Sandon, M.P., Wilson Patten, Esq., M.P., Sir George Larpent, Lieutenant Col. Malcolm, Major Pottinger, Major Axford, Captain Orms by, Gilbert Henderson, Esq., Recorder, Edwd. Rushton, Esq., Dr. Whittaker, Mohun Lal, an Indian Chief, E. Arnaud, Esq., the Collector, John Wright, Esq., Thomas Sands, Esq., J. S. Leigh, Esq., the Mayor of Wigan, Samuel Horrocks, Esq., Joseph Hornby, Esq., William Nicol, Esq. On his left we noticed Lord Stanley, the High Sheriff, William Entwistle, Esq., M.P., the Rev. Rector Brooks, Colonel Falconer, Sir George Monro, George Grant. Esq., Captain Bevis, R.N., Trios. Bazley, Archibald Hunter, Esq., J. S. Heywood, Esq., Dr. Brandreth, Samuel Thompson, Esq., George Hall Law rence. Esq., Samuel Staniforth, Esq., Scott, Esq., London, Alderman Hodgson, R. Zwilchenbart, Esq., G. E. Arbuthnot, Esq., Rev. Wm. Clemison. The number of the company present was about 400, in cluding nearly all the leading merchants, brokers, and gentlemen connected with the trade of Liverpool. After the usual loyal toasts had been drunk, _ _ The MAYOR proposed "The health of the Right Ho nourable Sir Henry Pottinger,"—(cheers)—whose saga cious, enlightened, and :successful policy, has opened a new world to British enterprise and capital. (Three times three.) Sir Henry Pottinger, in rising, was greeted with renewed applause. When silence had been obtained, he said,—Mr. Mayor, my lords, and gentlemen, in rising to offer my most sincere thanks for the manner in which you have been pleased to drink my health, it is with no affected d'ffidence that I tell you that I am incapable of explain ing how truly I appreciate your kindness. When I was graciously selected by her Majesty to fulfil the duties of envoy to China, I went out with a full determination, not of forcing an unpleasant treaty on the Chinese after the great objects of war were accompl'shed by the force of her Majesty's arms, but rather to act as an umpire between the two nations. (Hear and cheers.) I had found those attached to the mission who had cordially entered into my views, and I had a great happiness to meet with a cor responding feeling in the high commissioner Ke-ying, than whom a more enlightened statesman I do not be lieve there is in any country in the world—a man feelingly alive to all the amenities of life. and more particularly so to that high feeling which dictated his conduct through out this negotiation. I could, were it admissible in such a society, tell you of such instances of Ke-ying's high feeling and noble conduct, which would, I dare say, as tonish you. I trust, at some future period, it will please her Majesty's government to do him and the Chinese character generally justice, by making his despatches and letters public. It would not astonish you only, but all the world, to find such sentiments existing in what we have been in the habit of thinking a self-secluded Chinese mandarin. One great point in the treaty I had the ho nour of concluding, was, that the trade with China should be thrown open to all other nations. This, j ou must be aware, I could not have succeeded in bringing about with out the cordial sanction and co-operation of the Chinese authorities. But the moment 1 explained to the high commissioner the object I had in view, and pointed out the advantages it offered, not only to China but to all other nations, he most cordially acceded to it ; and before I left he entreated, as the representative of England, in case of any unforseen difficulty arising, to act as a media. tor between China and any other European nation. This is a strong proof of the confidence I have won, and I trust I have won it not by the succumbing in any way to any unjust demands (if such were made) of the Chinese, but by letting the Chinese see that there was only one rule for my conduct as an Englishman,—that was true faith and good honour. I believe the treaty so concluded, to insure, as I had The pleasure of stating to-day at the meeting in the Town-hall, all the advantages that a treaty can possibly combine. It has this peculiarity, that any thing that benefits one nation with regard to it must be nefit the other. Such is my interpretation of the Chinese treaty. There are some trifling points, such, for instance, as what I believe is called, in mercantile phraseology, the bonding system, for which, I confess, I was afraid to sti pulate, because I did not like to propose anything the Chinese would object to. I am happy to say, how ever, that after I left they not only cordially acceded to but proposed it. And I have since learned that it is in cluded in an article inserted in the treaty which I am also delighted to mention has been concluded between the United States and China. Our treaty provides for every advantage that may be given to any other nation being enjoyed by England. At the same time the Chi nese made no objection to the proposal, and were quite ready to allow it tacitly to be in full force. There is one other point to which I may be permitted to allude before sitting down. It is the treatment we are to show towards the Chinese. We must remember that they have been three or four thousand years, as we are led to understand, totally secluded within themselves ; that they do not un derstand us ; that a mere treaty is not a sufficient eround for their at once changing their usages. But I am quite satisfied, from what I saw during my residence among them, that, if treated kindly by England and all other nations that may resort there, in due time, with God's blessing, they will enter as widely as any other nation into all our social feelings, and into that intercourse white is so desirable between man and man. When I come to address this large body of .merchants, in one of the greatest ports of the world—for such is Liverpool-1 need not ask you to impress on those who repair to that distant land in charge of your ships and merchandise, to study kindness and forbearance towards the people. It is the great, the first object we ought to have in view, that of conciliating the lower classes of the Chinese. To revert once more to my friend, Ke-ying, in one of his beautiful letters, he says, " Our people are prone to ill treat those who are dissolute and inclined to excess. Your sailors, and particularly the black sailors, (alluding to our Indian vessels,) are apt to get drunk. Pray have this put a stop to, lest they go ashore and he ill treated, and we thereby acquire a bad name.' When I tell you such is tl'e feeling of one of the highest men in the empire —a blood relation to the emperor and a first-class manda rin—you will not think I am travelling out of my way to beg that, when your ships leave the shores of England, you will impress on those on board bow necessary it is to be kind and conciliatory to those whom we want, by de grees, to introduce into our social system. I believe the prejudice which the Chinese entertain towards our inter course, such as we look to between ourselves and all other nations, proceeds not from any religious feeling. On the contrary, it proceeds from an apprehension that we will use that intercourse for political purposes. When that feeling is once got over, which will be in a few years, I trust, I have no doubt China will come forward, as she ought, as one of the first nations of the earth. The ex tent of trade in China is something that most perons, if it was stated to them, would deem incredible. Especi ally in cotton and the manufactures of cotton. the de mand will be unlimited. The only question is, how China is to pay ? This is a matter which, in so large an empire, must rest on time. But, in the meanwhile, new resour ces will spring up, and the people will learn from our kind treatment and intercourse to have new demands. That such will be the result of our treaty I have not the least doubt (Cheers.) Sir Henry proposed the health of the Mayor and Corporation of Liverpool. (Loud cheers.) The CHAIRMAN returned thanks for the compliment. The MAYOR then gave " Her Majesty's Ministers," which was received with protracted cheering. Lord STANLEY rose to return thanks, and, after ex pressing in feeling terms his gratitude to the company, said—ln my capacity as the war minister of this country, it was my duty to superintend, as well as to provide for, the preparation of those great military and naval rein forcements, which, largely sent at the close of the year 1841, contributed some cogent and rather pointed argu m'ents in support of the negotiations of our friend. It was consequently my lot to watch with deep interest, un checked, however, by a single disappointment or a single failure, the progress of that expedition in which British and Indian troops; naval and military, vied with each other in a rivalry honourable alike to both, surmounting obstacles which required not military skill, nor valour, nor science alone, but determination, but perseverance to encounter ; and it was my lot also to know, and to watch the discretion with which the right honourable gentleman near me exercised the high functions with which, es en at that period, be was entrusted. I know not, gentlemen, how far it is generally known, that though undoubtedly at that time to the right honourable gentleman was not entrusted the superintendence of any military and naval movements, yet to him a large discretion was given by the government, which fully confided in his talent and ability, of saying at what periods those naval and military argu ments had attained to such a height as to lead to the in troduction of more polished diplomatic intercourse, to say at what time the arms of Britain should be stayed, and how soon the process of nezociation might commence. And when that period arrived, honourable alike to the arms of Britain and to the humanity and forbearance with which they were wielded, her Majesty's gov@rnment had but the gratifying task, step by step, of applauding and approving the discretion, the temper, the judgment, and the forbearance with which those delicate negocia tions were subsequently conducted by the right honoura ble gentleman. In that department the right honourable gentleman was more peculiarly responsible to another member of her Majesty's government; but I had the sa tisfaction, in another point of view, of being brought uni versally into connection with the right honourable gentle man. I saw his untiring labours, and his zealous assiduity in forming or founding a new colonial society—in super vising the foundation of a colony ythere all was new and strange—where obstacles were to be encountered from mutual prejudices, from ignorance of each other's habits, from omissions upon the one side, and upon the other from unreasonable demands and exorbitant expectations; and I saw the right honourable gentleman with satisfac tion, in his civil as well as in his diplomatic correspon dence, carry on " the even tenor of his way" with the one fixed intention, and that boldly conceived and boldly executed, of obtaining the greatest advantages consistently with the honour and the good faitb of this country. Gen tlemen, there is one point to which the right honourable gentleman, in his address to you to-night, has peculiarly adverted, although he has modestly abstained from stating the full share which he had in it. I allude to that deci sion to which he came—and it is due to him I should say he came to it and acted upon it upon his own responsibi lity and without instructions—not only not to demand exclusive privileges, (for that he was prohibited from doing,) but for inserting as a stipulation in the treaty that all other nations should alike partake of the commercial advantages which had been gained by this country by the power of British arms, and by the prudence of British negociation. Gentlemen, I say it for myself, and I know I may say it also for my right honourable friend the Earl of Aberdeen, that it was to him and to me, in our several departments, a subject of the deepest regret when Sir Henry Pottinger's earnest entreaties induced us—or ra ther, I should say, compelled us—to accede to a very strongly expressed desire of his, after so many years' ser vice in distant countries, to return tc his native land, there to enjoy, in the midst of his countrymen, the well earned honours which, I am proud to see, have been be stowed upon him ; and, I can use no more emphatic lan guage— . _ " To read his history in a nation's eyes." Gentlemen, if I might be forgiven for trespassing upon you for one moment longer, it would be to express my great satisfactio,i at the allusion which has been made by the right honourable gentleman to-night, however little it may be needed in a society like that which I have the honour of addressing—the necessity of great caution and great prudence in our dealings with our new allies, those who are lately brought within the pale of civilisation in the vast Chinese empire. When I speak of the pelt?' of . civilisation, I should rather say in the pale of European commerce and of intercourse ; because I believe there is no nation in the world to which, as far as civilisation goes, greater injustice has been done in the public estimation than to the great empire of China. But among those subjects which particularly struck the Chinese during the course of our warlike operation , against them, and since in our diplomatic intercourse with them, has been the strict, accurate, literal fulfilment, in the spirit as well as the letter, of every engagement which we entered into with them. We have heard the Chinese spoken of as a tricky, over-reaching people. That there are such among them—among the inferior deelers—l do not for a moment doubt ; but I do disbelieve that that is the general cha racter of the nation. I believe, so far as our later expe rience has gone, that there is no nation which more highly values public faith in others; and, up to the present mo ment, I am bound to say that there never was a govern. ment or a nation which more strictly and ccnscientiously adhered to the literal fulfilment of the engagements into which it has entered. Now, gentlemen, it is not for the government, it is for you—it is for the merchants of England—it is for the great commercial body whose principal seat is in this town—to confirm, to maintain, and to strengthen that feeling of respect for British faith. The government have done their part. The ports of China are open to you to an extent passing the most san guine calculations; but there are still national prejudices, there are still national jealousies, to be overcome ; and it behoves those who are more immediately concerned in dealing with that great empire, not only in their dealings (for that I doubt not) to maintain that character for scrupulous honour and integrity which has ever been the distinguishing mark of the British merchant, but not, in the eagerness for the profit of those commercial advan tages which are offered, to push beyond the limits which Chinese prejudice—if you say it is so—will yet permit. those advantages which are now open to our commerce. The door is thrown open to you ; rely upon it, it will be opened wider still; but it must be opened by voluntary concessions from within, and not by what will be felt to be compulsory encroachments from without. I believe it is easy, in the present state of public feeling, to raise jealousies, and to foster anew animosities which are be ginning to subside—that an over-anxiousness for success, and an improvident pressing for advantages, may lead to such a conclusion ; but I believe, also, gentlemen, and I entertain a confident expectation of it, and I pray that such may be the result, whether under this or succeeding administrations for many a long year. that the trade with China which is now commencing, and in its vigorous in fancy, may, if prudently conducted, be made the founda tion, not of inordinate speculation and immense gains, followed by corresponding and ruinous losses, but be made the means of extending the blessings of civilisation, of science, of knowledge, of religion,—and along with them all, but only by a prudent course of not shocking the prejudices of those with whom we are brought into contact, it may lay the foundations of a great, a perma nent, and a rapid augmentation of British commerce. The health of " the members for the county" was re sponded to by Mr. Wilson Patten and Mr. Entwisle. The " members for the borough" having been given, Lord SANDON said , that he had felt it incumbent upon him to attend on the present occasion, and testify, in the name of his constituents, to the gratitude and res p ec t which they felt for their distinguished guest, who had first brought the great empire of China within the vast circle of European civilisation and industry, and had thus proved himself to be, not merely the ambassador of this country, but of the whole world. He (Lord Sandon) could hardly limit in anticipation the great advantages hereafter to accrue to the commerce of this country from this result of Sir Henry Pottinger's labours. It was fre quently a subject of congratulation if we, by a treaty, opened up a commercial intercourse with a country hav ing three or four millions of people ; but what was such a triumph in comparison with the opening of a country containing a population of three hundred millions! We might for a time be hampered for the want of adequate returns for the manufactures sent out by us ; but now we had only to look at the simple fact that a marset of three hundred millions of people had been opened to us. And who could doubt that adequate returns would be found ? On the opening of the East India trade, it was prophesied that our merchants would experience difficulty in finding adequate means for the extension of British commerce; but had we really experienced any difficulty in finding returns ? He would appeal to the honourable baronet on his right-hand side, who presided over the East India trade at London. At present we knew little more of China than the outline of its coasts on the map; but when we knew the interior, and feelings of mutual con fidence and respect had been established, it was impossi ble to conceive that so industrious a people as the Chi nese would not be able to discover something to supply our wants, or to enable us to gratify the wants of others. Let us not, then, doubt that China could find the means of enabling ito extend our commerce. It had been said that this could only be done through a reduction of the duty on tea ; and for his own part, if it should be consistent with the general benefit of the empire —a ques tion he should leave to other parties to discuss—he should not be sorry to see such a reduction take place. if this step should not be consistent with the financial interests of the country, he could not doubt that China would be able to find exchangeable products for our goods. Hav ing alluded to the character of the treaty which had been formed by Sir H. Pottinger—a treaty characterised by wisdom, and taking that only which the Chinese should willingly have granted of their own accord—his lordship said that the intercourse which had been established by the right honourable gentleman was, like mercy, twice blessed—blessing him that gave and him that took. He then referred to the gratitude due to Sir Henry by the British people, and by mercantile communities in parti cular, and concluded by speaking of the pleasure that he felt in again meeting with his constituents, after an ab sence of some length of time. His Lordship resumed his seat amidst applause. After one or two other toasts, Mr. SAMUEL Hoesss, on being called upon to respond to the " Tradesmen of Liverpool," said, in the name of my fellow tradesmen I thank you for it, and I attribute the selection of my name to respond to the toast to the circumstance of my being irrevocably connected with that large and influential class which exists by trade—which has exercised, and will, I doubt not, continue to exercise, such a paramount influence upon the affairs of this coun try and through her commercial enterprise. and manu facturing skill, upon the affairs of the whole civilised world. It must always be a source of gratification when an occasion presents itself, in which men of all ranks, and of every shade of opinion, can meet in perfect amity, yet without the sacrifice of a single principle. It softens the asperities which sometimes unfortunately arise, and by placing the tradesman in juxtaposition with the merchant, and the merchant with the peer, it strengthens our bonds and makes us better acquainted with each other. We can meet for the amelioration of human suffering —for the purpose of raising a hospital for our seamen. We can asscciate around the hospitable board of a chief magistrate, or. as on the present occasion, to do honour to one whose distinguished services and splendid ach ievements h ave shed a lustre around his name, and whose sagacity as a plenipotentiary has only been excelled by his high and lofty character as an Englishman, representing the inter ests of his sovereign. and that cf every subject of the British crown. It ought to be the to as t o f every B r i ton , that with our almost unlimited freedom, no act will c‘er be countenanced by the people in this c iuntry, that may in the slightest degree compromise our natio n al character. The word of Eng'and, given by her authorised ambassa dors, must be the bond of England, whether we negotiate Dec. 24, 1814. 1 a treaty with the simple Islanders of the Pacific•—th,e,;: tote arid dexterous court of Russia—with our repw ret " brethren of the weste rn h em i s ph ere , or w ith the jut e pc ing but mysterious millio ns o f th e Chi n ese ErnPir e ' t O st be it from me to undervalue the noble services army and navy—of those gallant spirits who bray!, tempests of the ocean—the dangers and diseases of T o r o ( cal climes, and who march undaunted to the inne!..4 hostile cannon, that they m a y asser t the suprecoto, England —may give protection and extension to aurp merce and make the flag of England respected froml b d to shore. But still, we mu s t l oo k t o British I.s ", st s British mercantile integrity to ma i n t a i n our natiori;ol putrtion, and to preserve what the sword has so BO al! won ; and I trust that the treaty which has been I' o 4 negotiated by our gallant guest, will be honoursh /to religiously observed, so that the Chinese may kit yl ipil it will be to their interest to cultivate the frienuniol they have been made to feel the power of Englan°;. d I should not do justice to my own feelings if I oie add, that wherever our fla g waves , we h av e other to t which arise out of our com merc i a l t rea ti es . We 511,00 only conquer that we may trade, but that we may:' ty and bless ; that we may carry with our merchandl glories of our national institutions, and the fruits n' t national religion. It w a s sa id by L or d B a con, tn a .d, the youth of a state, ar ms d o fl our i s h ; i n it s middle Ili, learning; and in its decline, mechanical arts and i f o s chandise. But this is only true where nations have. Is quered to subjugate and oppress •, and profound 05 10 remark, it will not be true of England, if she unit e w thP gallantry of her Wellingtons, he r P o tti ngers ,and ber; bo kers, the learning of her Bacons, her Newtons, snub, Lockes ; and all be blended with th a t comme rcial en v:4 prise and manufacturing skill,—th a t i n d e p e ndeneetp yet benevolence, which conquers only to b en efit, o .401 trades that it may civilise, pr o tect an d bl ess . Co'', as I am with the trading community, I see in such 11 0 semblage as this a symbol of our nati ona l s t re ngth. " t ts can define, in the crucible of our national fusion:a separation of any one class ? Who can p o i n t out 8 6 '1 link that is wanting to complete the chain betweeect? Queen and the poorest peasant amongst her an* o r The pyramid of society in this coun t r y s t a nds rIPLI broad and a secure foundation, and there is that Vero ascent, and tbat substantial blending of all classes , f,i, the base to the apex, which gives to it at once its sol ids its just proportion, and its gran d eur . It h as soril k f unscathed the storms of centuries ; and if th e only rt . ; amongst us is, who shall the most benefit his ee o , try, it will rear its majestic head for ages yet to en We see at this moment a tradesman filling—aye, with credit too,—the high office of chief magistrate this great community. And he will corroborate me I say that it shall be our duty to inculcate subordinat d and to promote happiness at home—to s p rea d civilisat,J,' and benevolence abroad ; and if it e ver un f or tunew' happens that England is visited with intestine commode; which, may God in his mercy avert, th e tr a di ng port of the. community, constituti ng as th e y d o the mosaic sinews of society, and, let me a dd, no i ncon sidere",, portion of its wealth and its mi n d, w ill b e f oun d as rea l ; to check any oppression from the upper classes, as a :ill unbridled licentiousness in the lower: and while, 1 %1 unshaken firmness, they will hold a l o ft th e censoe t o royalty, they will stand between co n t en di n classes, ;fi stayed. the plague of national conf u sio n may b e stayed. I k e my desire to see my fellow-trade smen a d vanc i n g in t .,4 march of cultivation, urging onward s th ose w h o areau", them, and helping forwards those who are below the ,„ci: and when we recollect th e or i g i n o f a W att an d a 1 . ford, it ought to be an enccuragennent to our vrorio; classes to know that the most b r illi an t names in record of fame, are those of men who have been crau; in difficulties. and who have had to s t rugg l e w ith o b B l ,lo ties which nothing but invincibl e courage an d inflaw to perseverance could have ever overcome. It is, then,, A your trading classes that you mu s t i n no sma ll deV:i look, to enable our country to m a i n t a i n h er lofty 8 ' commanding position ; they have to build the sell, and forge the machinery, which is to carry 1 :4 tish merchandise, as well as British thunder, t o t 1 clime; they are to span our va lli es w ith b r id g es, Ifs to pierce our mountains with tunnels ; they are to gi‘e,, e y and motion to your myriads of loo ms an d s h u ttl e s; L': e are to give bone and muscle to the v i v id crea ti ons of t h e i t ' architect and the engineer; it is they w h o mus t nie. t o imagination with reality, and convert intelligence le e tangibility. Should they not, thsn, pursue intelligeed as a necessary adjunct of success? Undoubtedly. 11) ( 6 being jealous for the honour of my order, I trust that 0 shall advance in all those mechanical arts which are „ i 1 necessary for the continued welfar e o f our coun try; 11 ' 0 being the link which binds society together, we may with discretion the great power, both political and nO r li which is placed in our hands ; and while I rejoice that. classes unite in an expressio n of gra tit u d e t o our dio,,T, guished guest, because all classes h ave b ene fitt e d by i able negotiation, you will not deem it inappropriate, to reference to our beloved country and her magnificent en!, pire, if I ask you to join me in the fervent as piratia. n i that peace and happiness, truth an d j us ti ce , re li g ion 0 , piety, may be established amongst us f or a ll ge neration' (Loud cheers.) The Vice-presidents and others f o ll owe d ; a fter sv•-' Web the company separated at a late hour. On Wednesday morning, accompanied by Mr. Ald e ,, f t ' man Moore, (chairman of the Dock C omm ittee,) Lie* y i entertained one of her a select Majesptay:ys of steamers. Ladd, &c.. Sir Henry inspected th e d oc k s , and `aids t a h lo e n a g fte t r h n e oo M n er h s e e ge ritlen; at dinner, principally friends he had known abroad. , her the evening, Sir Henry, hi s l a dy, f a mily, and frirrals Da tronised the performance at the Amphitheatre, attracting large numbers of our townspeople anxious to see the Sub ject of so much deserved honour. Sir Henry and b l . party entered the theatre shortly before the curtain ro,°'' for the Chinese War, and was received with Har k cheering from the auditory, 'the band playin g " WO ( 'tis the Indian dram." " See the conquering Hero," tice• He appeared to be very much amu.ed. and we have na doubt was greatly astonished at the representation of th e ' scenes in which he has lately acted so distinguished a part; Thursday was devoted to the visits and reception r private friends, and in the evening Sir Henry and his !sal attended the ball at the Wellington-rooms. On Frida/ morning he proceeded to Manchester, and was enter : tamed in the evening at a public dinner. Another gra d ' Eying reception is preparing for him at Belfest (his natty! place), and elsewhere testimonials are being got up I° him. _ stan Sir Henry 5 t feet 9 inches. a fine, He wa s portly, noble born -looki in ng the vi mancin i of Belfast, in the year 1780 ; c o nsequen tly he is now t , his 64th year ; he does not, however, l oo k older than st t i He entered the army as a subaltern. an d h as served for! years in India and China. When he had attained ! b 0 rank of lieutenant, he undertook a j ourne y o f obserlsrl i throughout the vast kingdoms of India, and in var i° o disguises, and, after encountering unheard-of perils , , 6 succeeded in traversing those immense tracts of cou n ,"4, till then untrodden by a n y E uro p ean f oo t. Horlo':„ bravery, and prudence are th e di s ti ngu i s h e d c h a racter", tics of his mind. Sir H enr y' s l a d y i s a remar k a bly On e looking woman. CORRESPONDENCE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDAR D ; " am led to ask the aid of your spirited fag lumns, whilst I direct the attention of our merciA body to the memorial of the Liverpool postmen, wlitol t , am informed, has been forwarded by the worthy i t b master here to the proper authorities, and who hasO c fot accustomed urbanity, handsomely recommended It tio . consideration. Pending that period, it may not be i wise to state, more generally th a n b a s ve t appeareu. oo , your paper, the extreme peculiarities of their situs," te r They have to rise at half-past five in the morning, 'lof and summer, and make three deliveries per day, Su'.' t 0 included. Thus called upon, they can scarcely be Oro, have any relaxation until seven o'clock in the eve" l n ce Their pay is but 20s. per week, and out of this pitt9ool they have to find shoes and cl o thi ng , an d f ew, very fe'f'eit them, can raise a good great coat for bad weather. ; 1 1 • case, then, surely m er it s notice, for they are, in 1.8,.c:90 veryimportant and trust wor thy b o d y o f men ; an d!' l ot fact worthy notice, that ut of the defalcations 10 , ett Postoffice department, few, sc a r ce ly any, of the Olaf are prosecuted, the prin c ipal d e f au lt ers b e i ng in' 0, clerks. This is a fine trait in the character of these s° ,,g t since poverty is a sore te m pt er t o man y. O ur Cus t° ,,l l and Corporate servants, of th e l owes t gra d e , h av e no: o tS lengthened and trusty duties a s th ese men , an d ye' better paid. Hill yeti Since the passing by parliament of R ow l an d Hill g s of popular act, reducing the postage of the general 1055 ,,eth letters to ld., whatever distance they h ave b ee n cm. 1 , 1e1 0 0 6 the epistolary correspondence between mercant",so/ private individuals—rich and poor —young and old 0 1• 9 been immeasurably increased,—and the duties that . de l o cli upon the deliverers has been, of course, proportl ol ! te ,• l augmented, both in trouble and responsibility, W ht raf g the same time, their wages are greatly below the ey e f r amount generally awarded to persons from whom smog , quired equal exertions and fidelity. It is obvious ga l however small the postage on paid letters, their saf e ere prompt delivery is as laborious a s if th e high rates rod still entant; and to receive a postage on the tne o pb! two-pence, equal, or nearly so, on the average, in tr oll; and delay to the collecting and accounting for es 0 0' shillings. The co n d uc t o f th ese men , an d t h e i r decoe s e ct' to those on whom they have to call, is not the less resP eo r ful on this account, and I therefore trust that the 111 ., 0 1/! rial mentioned abo v e will b e t a k en i n t o th e facT' e jOr, consideration of those to whom it is addres s ed, tii t V and Christian feeling that " the labourer is worth); " hire." " I am, Sir, your constant reader. M O. Hp l " " Abercrombie-square, December 21st, 1844. DEFRAUDING THE ODD-FELLOW'S S O CIET . f . i O 1 1)1 1 Saturday, Henry Seddon was found guilty, bel e . Recorder, of having, by means of a - false certifi cB V the death of his wife, when she was not dead, obttAl the sum of £lO from the Odd-fellow's Society ( Lbe town. He was sentenced to imprisonment and bard for five calendar months. 14 hi CHRISTMAS GlFTS.—There are perhaps few °0 td which present more difficulty in the selection 1133 so, choice of that very appropriate token of affectiolitio, esteem, a Christmas Gift. The Annuals at olie e oi o l offered a highly eligible mode of conveying the ext, 45 0 . 1 of our sentiments, and we were surrounded with a 13.joux, Gems, and Souvenirs , which have now Pl l id away and become extinct. In this difficulty, we a nt e r f :p pity relieved by the choice of the various and elegty,..; paraqins for the Toilet invented by Messrs. R°"fferl and So.Ns, ,hich cor.stitu'e the most a ppropriate that can po , tibly be tendered to the Fair Sex at t" 0 1 , e uliar season. We allude to th e i r incompa.„ ll P , ; e ye;; M ACA SSAR, for the Ilair ; their matchless NA:d unrivalled for its effects on the Complexion ; an valuabie OnosTo, for the Teeth and Gums. We: itri tea l *hi the