The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1855-09-25 00:00:00

THE WAR IN THE CRIMEA THE accounts relative to the effect of the successful occu pation of the town and southern fortifications of Sebastopol still occasion much speculation, all sorts of rumours and con jectures being still rife as to the ultimate value of this im portant victory on the future prospects of the war. Although the evacuation of the town by the Russian troops appears to have been at last executed in a hasty manner, there is good ground for believing that they saw that event as one of in evitable necessity for a long period prior to its being carried out, and that they had deliberately prepared for that neces sity. Still it seems to have come on them by surprise, in the end. The bombardment by which the final struggle was inaugurated appears to have been of a most staggering vio lence. This bombardment is said to have been one of the most destructive and terrific on record. It is thus described by the special correspondent of the Times, writing under date of the sth instant : At dawn on the morning of the sth of September, the French opened fire. The air was pure and light, and a gentle breeze from the south-east, which continued all day, drifted over the steppe, and blew gently into Sebastopol. The sun shone serenely through the vapours of early morning, and wreaths of snowy clouds on the long lines of white houses in side those rugged defences of earth and gabionade which have so long kept our armies gazing in vain on this " august city." The ships lay floating on the waters of the roads, which were smooth as a mirror, and, like it, reflected them, and outside our own fleet and that of the French equally inactive, and not quite so useful to us, were reposing from Kazatch to Constantine as idly as though they were " painted" upon a " painted ocean." In the rubbish of the suburb, next to the Flagstaff Works, there are several batteries in excellent order, which are not injured by the allied batteries, and which have not yet fired much, if at all. They are mostly.fleches, and seem intended as out-lying works of the second line of defences. Near the top of the hill, inside the crenellated wall, a portion of the in terior line of these defences is to be seen. A battery called the " Crow's Nest," from its elevated position, is placed near this line, and has an extensive command over the right of the French left attack, and over our sailors' batteries in the left of our left attack, to which it is rather troublesome. This contains a couple of large mortars in addition to some long range guns, and can bear on any troops between the outer de fences and the foot of the hill on which the town rises, and the ravine between our left and the French left attack. A very strong series of earthworks crowns:the ridge of the same hill, and the defences broken by the creek are continued towards the right by the various batteries (Barrack, Road, Garden, Black, Batty, &c.), which are connected with the Great Redan, and thence are carried to the Malakhoff and its outlying works. The suburb behind these defences next the creek, and in front of our left attack, is in complete ruins, but our line of batteries is almost too far to do injury to the public buildings behind the suburb, although our old first parallel has been dis armed as being too far, and the guns moved into the second parallel, and various batteries in front of it. Behind the Redan are visible the long line of the dockyard and arsenal buildings, and the barracks, which have been rendered uninhabitable on the nearside by our fire—the great shears, the floating bridge across the roads to the north side, the two lines of men-of war—the Twelve Apostles and five two-deckers, frigates, and steamers. Then, on the right, lie Malakhoff, Mamelon, White Works, and Mount Sapoune peering beyond over them and the north side—the citadel, the Russian camp, Inkermann, its batteries, and the plateau of the Belbek forming the back ground, which is defined still further by a strip of blue sea. The men in our trenches can be seen sitting down behind the traverses, or strolling about in the rear of the parapets. Small trains of animals and files of men are passing over the ground between the trenches and the camp, and the only smoke that catches the eye arises from the kettles of the soldiery, or from a rifle in the advanced works. On the left, however, it can be seen that the French trenches are crowded with men, and that their batteries are all manned, though the men keep well out of view, and the mantlets and screens are yet down before the muzzles of some of their guns. The men be neath the parapets swarm like bees. A few gray-coated Rus sians are in view repairing the works of the Flagstaff Battery, or engaged in throwing up a new work, which promises to be of considerable strength, in front of the second line of their defences. Suddenly, along the earthen curtain, between Nos. 7 and 8 Bastions three jets of flame spring up into the air and hurl up as many pillars of earth and dust, which are warmed into ruddy hues by the horizontal rays of the sun. The French have exploded three fougasses to blow in the counterscarp, and to serve as a signal to their men. Instantly from the sea to the Dockyard-creek there seems to run a stream of fire, and fleecy, curling, rich white smoke, as though the earth had suddenly been rent in the throes of an earthquake and was vomiting forth the material of her volcanoes. The crash of such a tremen dous fire must have been appalling, but the wind and the peculiar condition of the atmosphere did not permit the sound to produce any great effect on our camp; in the city, for the same reason, the noise must have been terrific and horrible. The iron storm tore over the Russian lines, tossing up, as if in sport, jets of earth and dust, rending asunder gabions, and " squelching" the parapets, or bounding over among the houses and ruins in their rear. The terrible file of iron, about four miles in front, rushed across the plain, carrying death and ruin with it, swept with its heavy and irresistible wings the Russian flanks, and searched their centre to the core. A volley so startling, simultaneous, and tremendously powerful, was probably never yet uttered since the cannon found its voice. The Russians seemed for a while utterly paralyzed. Their batteries were not manned with strength enough to enable them to reply to such an overlapping and crushing fire ; but the French, leaping to their guns with astounding energy, rapidity, and strength, kept on filling the very air with the hurtling storm, and sent it in unbroken fury against their enemies. More than 200 pieces of artillery of large calibre, admirably served and well directed, played incessantly on the hostile lines. In a few moments a great veil of smoke—" a war-cloud rolling dun"— spread from the guns over on the left of Sebastopol; but the roar of the shot 41.41.. ,- .4—,9a25n mom; now died away into hoarse murmurs, again swelled up into tumult, or rattled from end to end of the line like the file-fire of infantry. Stone walls went down before the guns at once, but the earthworks yawned to receive shot and shell alike. However, so swift and incessant was i the passage of these missiles th roug h th e em b rasures an d along the tops of the parapets, that the enemy had to lie close, and could scarcely show themselves in the front line of de fences. For a few minutes, then, the French had it all their own way, and appeared to be on the point of sweeping away the place without resistance ; hut, after they had fired a few rounds from each of their numerous guns, the Russian artillerymen got to work, and began to return our allies' fire. They made good practice, but fired slowly and with precision, as if they could not afford to throw away an ounce of powder. The French were stimulated rather than impeded by such a reply to their astonishing volleys, and their shot flew with increased rapidity along the line of the defences, and bounded in among the houses of the town. But what were we doing all this time ? What was our admirable Naval Brigade and our gallant siege -train doing? They were just working their guns as usual, and had received no orders to open general fire. Our batteries, therefore, rendered little assistance to the French, but they maintained their usual destructive and solid "hammering" on the face of the Redan and of the Malakhoff, and aided our invaluable allies by keeping up a regular shell practice on the batteries from the Creek to the Redan. Now two or three mortars from Gordon's, then two or three mortars from Chapman's hurled 10 and 13-inch shell behind the enemy's works, and connected the discharges by rounds from long 32's or 68's. It is not known why this want of unanimity existed, and why we did not open fire at the same time with the French. General Pelissier was over at our head-quarters, and had an interview with General Simpson yesterday, and it is not unlikely that the French commander, with his characteristic impetuosity, resolved on opening fire, finding that we were not quite prepared to do so with effect, and relying on his own numerous and heavy ordnance and abundance of ammunition. SEPT. 7.—The cannonade was resumed at daybreak, the Inkermann batteries firing briskly. A council of generals was held to-day at head-quarters, the sick were cleared out of the field hospitals, and it gradually oozed out that the assault would take place to-morrow at twelve o'clock. The firing was tremendous all day, but clouds of dust which a high wind from the north drifted into our faces rendered a view of the place impossible. About three o'clock a two-decker was set on fire, and burnt all night. A steamer towed other vessels near her away to the dockyard harbour, but the lines of men of-war are still mtack. Flames broke out behind the Redan in the afternoon. The bombardment was renewed at dusk. A Sardinian corps was marched up to reinforce the French. There was a heavy explosion in the town at 11 o'clock p.m. The men all take 48 hours' provisions, cooked, into the trenches with them. Nothing is known of the plan of attack. SEPT. 8, 11 A.M.—All corners from Balaklava and the rear of the camp, are stopped by a line of sentries. Another line of sentries in front prevents any one going as far as Cathcart's Hill or the picket houses, except staff officers or men on duty. The fire is exceedingly heavy. The assault takes place at noon. The 4th Division is now under arms. On the same subject the special correspondent of the Daily News, writing from the camp before Sebastopol, on the Bth of September, says : After long weeks of comparative idleness, the allied batteries have again opened upon the besieged town, and for the greater part of three days have kept up an almost continuous bom bardment along nearly the whole of the attacking line. This time, at all events, the intention of the generals commanding was kept sufficiently secret. About four o'clock on the morn ing of the sth, however, our allies opened the ball from the guns of their left attack, and maintained a most vigorous fire on the enemy's works in that direction till about an hour and a half after noon, when our own batteries and those on the French right opened on the Redan, the Malakhoff, and its ad jacent supports in Careening Bay. From that hour until shortly before five o'clock, a feu d'enfer was kept up along the whole line, to which only the Russian batteries op posed to the French left replied with anything like sustained vigour. The gunners in the Redan and Round Tower contented themselves with throwing occasional shells into our advanced works and the Mamelon, and a few hollow shot which came bounding up to the close neighbour hood of the tents along the front. About a quarter before five o'clock the fire on both sides slackened, and an hour later it almost ceased, when a calm—in striking contrast to the stormy thunder which had filled the air and clouded the sky during the day—succeeded, and remained almost undisturbed till the light of dawn again came to guide the aim of the combatants. About eight o'clock a new inci dent occurred to give picturesqueness and interest to the scene. A large two-decker, lying moored off the dockyard shears, suddenly burst into flames ; and in considerably less than half an hour her whole hull and rigging were one mass of waving fire. None but a most graphic pen could describe the gran deur of the conflagration' as it brightened and e x t en d e d i n re lief against the pitchy dark ness of the night, throwing up clouds of smoke, which hung in lurid masses over and around the burning ship, till the whole harbour, from Fort Paul to the north shore, was covered with the fleecy volumes which there was not a breath of wind to stir. About two hours after the first outbreak of the fire there were two trifling explosions, as if caused by the ignition of spirits or the firing of a couple of powder casks ; but beyond these, and the discharge of a single cannon, there was no report. Shortly before m id n i g h t the decks fell in, after which the sidee timbers continued to burn for some couple of hours , when wreck settled down, and at daylight no trace of her remained visible above the water. With the grey light of early morning on Thursday the bom bardment recommenced, and continued throughout the day, with some periods of intermittent slackness. As on the previous day, its strength was confined to the French and ht doing little mo re our own left—the batteries on the rig than to keep up a dropping fire on the Malakhoff and Little Redan, the former of which did not answer with a single gun. Soon after sunset, however, nearly every mortar along the whole line of attack was brought into play, and till nearly 9 the thunder of their discharges rolled through the air in almost unbroken peals ; the sky was literally alive with shells, vomited forth from their fiery beds at every angle from fifteen degrees up to seventy-five, whilst showers of the still grander and more terrific rockets darted across the darkness like avenging comets. As illustrating the briskness of the fire about this time, I may mention that within four minutes I counted as many as thirty-one shells falling inside the Malak hoff alone, whilst an almost equally warm practice was being kept up on its formidable neighbour the Redan. About half past nine o'clock another fire broke out behind the Round Tower, which, though inferior in extent and brilliance to that of the previous night, threw up volumes of smoke and frame that cast a flood of lurid light over a great part of the harbour, the arsenal, and the Redan, and our own and the French ad vanced trenches. After burning for about an hour, however, it rapidly died out, having been, in all probability, one of the buildings on the slope of the hill leading down from the rear of the Malakhoff to the harbour. During the hour for which this had lasted one of the three-deckers, which had been drawn up during the previous night with their broadsides to the Round Tower, threw several shells into the trenches near the Mamelon, as well as into our own advanced mortar batteries on its flank, but as the French replied with some discharges of rockets, this fire from the shipping was not long continued. THE MORNING OF THE ASSAULT. The same writer continues his narrative on the morning of the assault : 9. a.m.—As was to be expected, the assault is to be made in the course of this afternoon. Since early dawn this morning, a terrific fire along the whole line, left and right, has been kept up on the enemy's works from every gun and mortar that could be brought to bear on any part of them. In addition to the Russian batteries on the proper right of the town, the Redan and its mischievous six-gun neighbour have replied vigorously, as have also a couple of batteries from the north side. Only one gun has played from the Malakhoff, and for its rare shots fully fifty for one have been returned. All through the night the allies kept up a murderous cannon ade, and at this moment, while I write, the combined dis charges resemble one long unbroken peal of thunder. This is to be continued till the signal for the assault is given, when the enemy will have barely time to greet the advancing columns with one discharge of grape. This time the arrange ment is, that our attack on the Redan shall not be made till the Malakhoff is actually occupied by the French—then, and not till then, our stormers shall dash on to the Redan, the French supporting them by a simultaneous rush upon the small flanking battery which worked us so much mischief on the 18th of June. Our assaulting force is to be composed of the whole of the Second Division, and the second brigade of the Light Division, with the first brigade as a reserve. As a punishment for its recent conduct in the trenches, the 97th has been told off to lead. General Markham, of the Second Division, commands the whole. Such, briefly, is to be the order of this final attack, and the strength of our own force is to be employed in it. With the lesson of the fatal 18th fresh in all minds, we have little of the unduly sanguine con fidence of success which then animated everybody ; but with our advances pushed so much nearer the points to be attacked, and with arrangements free from the complications which bore such disastrous fruit then, the general disap pointment will still be great if before sunset to-day the Tri color and Union Jack do not float in triumph over the Malakhoff and Redan. This accomplished, the south side of Sebastopol is our own. THE CAPTURE OF SEBASTOPOL. OFFICIAL DESPATCH FROM GEN. SIMPSON. A London Gazette Extraordinary, published on Satur day, gives the following despatch containing General Simp son's account of the taking of Sebastopol : WAR DEPARTMENT, Sept. 22nd. Major the Hon. Leicester Curzon arrived this morning with a despatch from General Simpson to Lord Panmure, of which the following is a copy : _ BEFORE SEBASTOPOL, Sept. 9th. I had the honour to apprize your Lordship, in my despatch of the 4th instant, that the engineers and artillery officers of the Allied armies had laid before General Pelissier and myself a report, recommending that the assault should be given on the Bth instant, after a heavy fire had been kept up for three days. This arrangement was agreed to, and I have to con gratulate your Lordship on the glorious result of the attack of yesterday, which has ended in the possession of the town, dockyards, and public buildings, and the destruction of the last ships of the Russian fleet in the Black Sea. Three steamers alone remain, and the capture or sinking of these must speedily follow. It was arranged that at twelve o'clock in the day the French columns of assault were to leave their trenches, and take possession of the Malakhoff and adjacent works. After their success had been assured, and they were fairly established, the Redan was to be assaulted by the Eng lish. The Bastion Central, and Quarantine Forts on the left, were simultaneously to be attacked by the French. At the hour appointed our Allies quitted their trenches, entered and carried the apparently impregnable defences of the Malakhoff, with that impetuous valour which character izes the French attack, and, having once obtained possession, they were never dislodged. The tricolour planted on the parapet was the signal for our troops to advance. The arrangements for the attack I entrusted to Lieut.-General Sir Wm. Codrington, who carried out the details in concert with Lieut.-General Markham. I determined that the 2d and Light Divisions should have the honour of the assault, from the circumstance of their having defended the batteries and approaches against the Redan for so many months, and from the intimate knowledge they - possessed of the ground. The _firP_ Af.pianspstiltient tv - r - Ine ttedan, I deemed that the columns of assault should be directed against that part, as being less exposed to the heavy fire by which this work is protected. It was arranged between Sir William Codrington and Lieutenant-General Markham that the assaulting column of 1,000 men should be formed by equal numbers of these two divisions ; the Light Division to lead, and that of the Second to follow. They left the trenches at the preconcerted signal, and moved across the ground, preceded by a covering party of 260 men, and a ladder party of 320. On arriving at the crest of the ditch, the ladders were placed, and the men imme diately stormed the parapet of the Redan, and penetrated into the salient angle. A most determined and bloody combat was here maintained for nearly an hour, and although supported to the utmost, and though the greatest bravery was displayed, it was found impossible to maintain the position. Your lordship will perceive by the long and sad list of the casualties, with what gallantry and self-devotion the officers so nobly placed themselves at the head of their men during this sanguinary conflict. I feel myself unable to express, in adequate terms, the sense I entertain of the conduct and gallantry exhibited by the troops, though their devotion was not rewar d e d.b y th e suc cess which they so well merited. To no one are my thanks more justly due than to Colonel Wyndham, who gallantly headed his column of attack, and was fortunate in entering and remaining with the troops during the contest. The trenches were, subsequently to this attack, so crowded with troops, that I was unable to organize a second assault, which I intended to make with the Highlanders under Lieut.-Gen. Sir Cohn Campbell, who had hitherto formed the reserve, to be supported by the third division, under Major-General Sir William Eyre. I therefore sent for these officers, and arranged with them to renew the attack the following morning. The Highland Brigade occupied the advanced trenches during the night. About eleven o'clock the enemy commenced exploding their magazines; and Sir Colin Campbell, having ordered a small party to advance cautiously to examine the Redans, found the works abandoned. He did not, however, deem it necessary to occupy it until daylight. The evacuation of the town by the enemy wasmade manifest duringthe night, and great fires appeared in every part, accompanied by large explosions, under the cover of which the enemy succeeded in withdrawing their troops to the north side by means of the raft bridge re cently constructed, and which they afterwards disconnected and conveyed to the other side. Their men-of-war were all sunk during the night. The boisterous weather rendered it altogether impossible for the admirals to fulfil their intentions of bringing the broadsides of the Allied fleets to bear upon the Quarantine Batteries. An excellent effect was produced by the animated and well-directed fire of their mortar vessels, those of her Majesty being under the direction of Captain Wilcox, of the Odin, and Captain Digby, of the Royal Marine Artillery. It now becomes my pleasing duty, my lord, to place on record the high sense I entertain of the conduct of this army, since I have had the honour to command it. The hardships and privations endured by many of the regiments, during a long winter campaign, are too well known for me to comment upon. They were borne, both by officers and men, with a patience and unmurmuring endurance worthy of the highest praise, and which gained them the deserved applause and sympathy of their country. The naval brigade, under the command of Captain the Hon. Henry Keppel, aided by Captain Moorsom, and many gallant officers and seamen who have served the guns from the com mencement of the siege, merits my warmest thanks. The prompt, hearty, and efficacious co-operation of her Majesty's navy, commanded by Rear-Admiral Sir Edmund Lyons, and ably seconded by Sir Houston Stewart, has contri buted most materially to the success of our undertaking; and here, perhaps, I may be permitted to say that, if it had pleased God if the successful result of this memorable siege should have been reported by my ever-to-be-lamented predecessor in this command, I am sure it would have been one of his most pleas ing duties to express the deep sense which I know he enter tained of the invaluable assistance and counsel he received on all occasions from Sir Edmund Lyons. When, at times, affairs looked gloomy and success doubtful, he was at hand to cheer and encourage; and every assistance that could tend to ad vance the operations was given with the hearty goodwill which characterises the British sailor. Nothing has contributed more to the present undertaking than the cordial co-operation which has so happily existed from the first between the two services. I cannot sufficiently express my approbation of the conduct of the Royal Engineers under Lieut.-General Sir Harry Jones, who has conducted the siege operations from the beginning of this year. For some time back he has been suffering on a bed of sickness, but the eventful hour of the assault would not permit him to be absent. He was con veyed on a litter into the trenches, to witness the com pletion of his arduous undertaking. My warmest thanks-are due to the officers and soldiers of the Royal Artillery, under the command of Major-General Sir R. Dacres, who, during the arduous operations of this protracted siege, have so mainly contributed to its ultimate success. I must further beg to record my thanks for the cordial co operation and assistance I have received in carrying out the details of the serviee from the chief of the staff—the adjutant and quartermaster generals, and general staff, as well as generals commanding divisions and brigades of this army. I must reserve to myself, for the subject of a further dis patch, bringing before your lordship the particular mention of officers of the various branches of this army, whom I shall beg to recommend to your favourable notice. I entrust this despatch to the care of Brevet-Major the Hon. Leicester Curzon, who has been assistant military secretary to my noble predecessor and myself since the commencement of this war, and who will be able to give your lordship more mi nute details than the limits of a dispatch will allow.—l have, &c., JAMES SIMPSON. The Lord Panmure, THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. ADMIRALTY, Sept. 22. Despatches, of which the following are copies, have been received from Rear-Admiral Sir Edmund Lyons, G.C.8., Com mander-in-Chief of Her Majesty's ships and vessels in the Mediterranean and Black Sea : • ROYAL ALBERT, OFF SEBASTOPOL, Sept. 10. Sir,—Of the operations on shore, which have produced the successful result of the singular and memorable siege of Se bastopol, Her Majesty's government will be informed by General Simpson ; but it is my duty to report to the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty what has taken place afloat and on the seaboard under my own observation. It had been arranged by Generals Simpson and Pelissier, Admiral Bruat and myself, that precisely at noon on the Bth instant, the allied fleets should open fire upon the Quarantine Batteries that enfiladed the approach of the assaulting co lumns ; but, unfortunately, the weather, which had been fine for some days, changed on the morning of the attack, and a north-west gale and heavy sea rendered it impossible for any vessels to act upon batteries situated upon the lee shore of this exposed roadstead. It will, however, appear by the en closed reports from Captain Willcox, of the Odin, and Captain Diby, of the Royal Marine Artillery (whom, as well as the junior officers mentioned by them, I beg leave particularly to recommend to the favqurable consideration of their Lordships), that the mortar-vessels attached to the fleets kept up a very effective fire from their position in the bay of Strelitzka. As the day closed things in the harbour seemed to be in the same state as they were in the morning, but during the night several heavy explosions were heard, and at dawn we observed that the fortifications on the south side were in flames, and that the six remaining ships-of-the-line had been sunk at their moorings, leaving afloat no more of the late Russian Black Sea fleet than two dismasted corvettes and nine steamers, most of which are very small, Soon afterwards the enemy were seen retreating across the newly constructed bridge, until the south side of the harbour, on which the naval and military arsenals, the public buildings, and the town of Sebastopol are situated, appeared to be com pletely evacuated, and then the southern portion of the bridge was hauled over to the north shore. It is now my pleasing duty to render justice to the ad mirable conduct of all whom I have had the honour and happiness to command during the last nine months of this arduous struggle, and whose duties I shared in before ; for, although, with the exception of the Naval Brigade in the camp, whose gallant bearing from the beginning, under the command of Sir Stephen Lushington, has been beyond all praise, and never more so than during the last two bombard ments, under the command of the Hon. Captain Keppel, it has not fallen to the lot of the navy on this occasion to per form distinguished deeds of arms such as those of their gallant brethren in the army. Still, while straining every nerve, night and day, under very trying circumstances, to supply the means for carrying on the siege, in the glory of which they could not share, the generous cheer of encouragement, unalloyed by envy, has aways been heartily given in the day of triumph ; nor have sympathy and assistance ever been wanting in the hour of distress an d suffering. The same sentiments have pervaded all ranks—captains, officers, seamen, and marines, all agreeing with each other in following, as I believe I have said once before, the excellent example set them by my able second in command and coadjutor, Rear= Admiral Houston Stewart. Perhaps in closing this letter I may be permitted to indulge in the expression of the gratification I feel in reflecting that, under all the circumstances to which it relates, my gallant• colleague Vice-Admiral Bruat and I have gone heart and hand together, and that the most perfect understanding and hearty co-operation in the great cause of humanity in which we are all engaged have invariably prevailed throughout both fleets. I am, &c., EDMUND LYONS, Rear-Admiral and Commander-in-Chief. To the Secretary of the Admiralty. STRELITZKA BAY, Sept. 8. Sir,—l have the honour to report that, in pursuance of the orders which I received from you this morning, I opened fire from the mortar vessels at 8.30 a.m. upon the Quarantine Bat tery, and a general and more rapid fire from noon until 7 p.m. upon the Quarantine Battery and Fort Alexander. The two outward vessels were much exposed to the swell which set into the bay, rendering a large object desirable, and I therefore directed their fire between Artillery Bay and the Bastion de Quarantine, where I had been informed that Russian reserves were placed. The force of the wind and heavy swell which prevailed were singularly unfavourable to accuracy, and the general satisfac tory nature of the firing was due to the ability exercised by the officers of Royal Marine Artillery who conducted it ; and I beg to submit to your notice the names of First-Lieutenant Starr, First-Lieutenant Hewett, First-Lieutenant Brookes, First-Lieutenant Festing, and First-Lieutenant Pitman, the officers employed. The non-commissioned officers and gunners also performed their duties in a most satisfactory manner; and I may espe cially mention the services of Colour-Sergeant Horner, who, in the absence of an officer, undertook the firing of the Firm, mortar vessel. _ _ Owing to the state of the weather and the smallness of the means at their disposal, the officers in command had to over come great difficulties in maintaining the position of their vessels; and I beg to be allowed to express my high opinion of the services of Messrs. Leet, Creagh, Pearson, Brent, Hart, and Vaughan (mates), who so ably performed these duties, and greatly contributed to the success of the firing. I have, &c., G. DIGBY, Captain Royal Marine Artillery. Rear-Admiral Sir E. Lyons, Bart., &c., G.C.B. HER MAJESTY'S SHIP. ODIN, OPP SEBASTOPOL, Sept. 8. SIR S I have the honour to acquaint you that acting in pursuance of your directions, and in conjunction with Capt. Bachm, commanding four French mortar-vessels you did me the honour of placing under my command, till 7 p.m., against the Quarantine Fort and outworks, as well as upon Fort Alex ander and the upper bastions, (where, near to the latter place, a large number of the enemy% reserve were posted,) keeping their fire so completely under, that only a few shot and shell were returned, and but few fired into the French battery and advanced works before us. A small number of carcases were also sqccesafallx.thrsatg L "'"^" To Captain Digby, Royal Marine Artillery, and the artillery officer in each vessel, I must attribute the successful practice, and I am glad of the opportunity of bringing to your notice the indefatigable and zealous conduct of Mr. H. K. Leet, mate, in charge of the Firm, who, from being the senior officer of the mortar-vessels, has always ably carried out my instruc tions ; and I am happy to bear testimony to the praiseworthy conduct of Messrs. J. B. Creagh, T. L. Pearson, H. W. Brent, A. F. Hart, and Henry Vaughan, mates, in charge of the other mortar-vessels. I have also great pleasure in stating that no casualty oc curred; and that neither the mortars nor vessels were at all damaged by the heavy firing.—l have, &c., J. A. WILCOX, Captain. Rear-Admiral Sir E. Lyons, Bart., &c., G.C.B. PROCEEDINGS OF NAVAL BRIGADE. ROYAL ALBERT, OFF SEBASTOPOL, Sept. 10. Sir,—l beg leave to enclose, for the information of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, copy of a letter from Captain the Hon. Henry Keppel, reporting the proceedings of the Naval Brigade under his command on the 7th and Bth inst., and enclosing a list of casualties. I am, &c., EDMUMD LYONS, Rear-Admiral and Commander•in-Chief. The Secretary of the Admiralty. ROYAL NATAL BRIGADE, BEFORE SEBASTOPOL, Sept. 9. Sir,—l have the honour to inform you that, in pursuance of instructions, a vigorous fire was opened from the batteries at six o'clock on the morning of the 7th, and was maintained throughout the day ; the fire was recommenced yesterday morning with increased vigour, preparatory to au assault to be made by our allies on the Malakhoff, and subsequently by ourselves on the Redan. At noon the French were observed to start en masse from their trenches and possess themselves in gallant style of the Malakhoff Battery, on which the tricolor flag was hoisted and the imperial eagles planted within 10 minutes of their quitting their trenches. The French flag was no sooner displayed on the Malakhoff than our storming party issued from their trenches and assailed the salient angle of the Redan, but the enemy were by that time prepared to meet them, and as the supporting party advanced a heavy fire of grape and canister was opened on them, in spite of a brisk fire kept up from our batteries on all parts of the Redan not assailed, as well as on the flanking batteries. After maintaining the footing they had gained for some time, our troops were obliged to retire, the killed and wounded left on the ground sufficiently testifying how gallantly they had fought. The fire from our batteries was kept up until dark, and at about 11 o'clock the enemy evacuated the Redan after having fired a train that exploded the magazines. This morning's light showed how successful and complete had been the victory gained by the allied forces. The enemy had evacuated all their positions on the south side of the harbour ; the town, Fort Nicholai, Fort Paul, and the dockyard were in flames, and their line-of-battle ships had been sunk in the positions they were last seen in when at anchor. The conduct of the officers and men of the brigade under my command has been such as to continue to merit the high opinion you have been pleased to express of them. I have the honour to enclose a list of casualties for the 7th and Bth.—l am &c., HENRY KEPPEL, Captain Comanding Royal Naval Brigade. Rear-Admiral Sir Edmund Lyons, Bart., &c., Commander-in-Chief. TELEGRAPHIC DESPATCHES. The Paris Moniteur of Thursday announces that the Mi• nister of War has received the following telegraphic despatches rom Marshal Pelissier SEBASTOPOL, Sept. 17. In their work of destruction the enemy respected the docks (which are magnificent constructions), the establishments in the vicinity, the barracks of Fort Nicholas and the Quarantine Fort. - _ _ _ The Anglo-French Commission appointed to draw up a re turn of the materiel left by the Russians at Sebastopol has commenced its labours. The result may be summarily stated as follows : We have found in the town about 4,000 cannon, 50,000 cannon balls, a few hollow projectiles, a large quantity of grape, a great amount of gunpowder (despite the explosions), 600 anchors (half of which are excellent), 25,000 kilogrammes of copper, two steam-engines of 30-horse power, a considerable number of masts sawn in two for defensive purposes (blind ages). , SEBASTOPOL, Sept. 18. Our Generals and superior officers wounded are doing as well as can be expected. There need be no anxiety on their account. --- BERLIN, Thursday morning. The Emperor of Russia has, it is understood, abandoned his intention of visiting Poland. It is now said that, accompanied by the three Grand Dukes, he will proceed to Moscow and Nicolaieff, on his way to the Crimea. WAR DEPARTMENT, Sept. 22 Lord Panmure having, in consequence olnumerous inquiries, asked Gen. Simpson to report upon the condition of the wounded officers, has received by telegraph, dated the 20th inst., 8 a.m., a satisfactory account of their progress towards recovery. The Paris Moniteur of Saturday announces that the Minister cf War has received the following despatch from Marshal Pelissier SEBASTOPOL, Sept. 19, 5 p.m. Of the 4,000 cannon found at Sebastopol at least 50 are of brass. Others werethrcmin into the roadstead at the time of the retreat. I have ordered them to be sought for. We have already taken 200,000 kilogrammes of powder away from the place, and there is still more to be found. The number of projectiles will exceed 100,000. A despatch from Admiral Bruat, of the same date, an nounces that the vessels of the allies destroyed in the Sea of Azoff, between the 6th and 11th of Sept., five fisheries on the cost of Semviank, and 68 in the lakes and rivers of the neigh bouring coast; they burnt 31 storehouses, containing nets or provisions, and 98 boats laden with provender and other pro- visions. MARSEILLES, Sunday. The Simois, which Constantinople on the 14th inst., has arrived. She brings advices from the Crimea to the 11th of Sept. Despatches leave at 1 p.m. The steamer Normandie, with the Golconde transport in tow, has arrived from the Crimea with wounded. THE WAR IN ASIA. A letter from Kars of the 27th ult. says :—" We are invested almost exclusively by about 7,000 or 8,000 Russian cavalry ; the infantry is still in camp near Commasoun and Zaim. Generals Vassif Pasha and Williams have issued an order of the day, couched in concise and very clear terms, and an nouncing that every spy will be hung and every deserter shot. The shooting is meant for the Bashi-Bazouks, who have shown some inclination to pass over to the enemy. As to the spies the measure was absolutely necessary, for the slightest move ment on our part was at once made known to the Russians. On the 21st a spy was taken, tried and condemned by court martial, and hung the next day. On the 22nd, four others were taken and served in the same manner, and had we to hang all the Persians and Georgians who are here, and who are suspected by us, we should do so without compassion. If on one side we have to mistrust certain people, on the other we are greatly encouraged by the admirable conduct of our chiefs, Vassif Pasha, General Williams, Colonel Lake, and other officers. They display zeal, activity, and energy beyond all praise, and if they succeed in saving Kars there can be no reward too great for them. We have news for some days past of the reinforcements that are to join us from Constanti nople and from the Crimea. We are greatly pleased at it, but it must not be lost sight of that these reinforcements must come furnished with supplies. Kars does not want an increase of garrison, and if reinforcements are necessary it is not to defend us, but to assume the offensive, and enable us to attack the enemy in our turn." AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE CANADA. BY the British and North American royal mail steam-ship Canada, Commodore Judkins, which arrived on Sunday, we have intelligence from Boston to the 12th, and from New York to the 13th instant. She brought 106 passengers, and $611,518 in specie. The Canada was detained in the Channel about ten hours through fog. The Africa arrived at Boston on the 12th instant. The Washington correspondent of the New York Herald states that Mr. Buchanan, the United States Minister to Lon don, would not return home on the Ist October, certain com plications with reference to Central American affairs rendering it necessary for him to prolong his term of service. In the Navy Yard at Philadelphia, at present, there are em ployed over 1,100 men, which is the largest number known for many years. We have shocking news from Norfolk. In addition to the yellow fever, which continued without abatement, the small pox had made its appearance, and on the Bth ten persons were taken down with it. It is stated also that the fever is spread ing throughout the country adjoining Norfolk. The epidemic in New Orleans is on the decline. Funds to the amount of $86,000 had been received for the sufferers, and the children left parentless were being removed to asylums. The noblest heroism was being evinced by nurses, doctors, and clergymen, many of whom had fallen victims to their humanity. In some instances, however, robberies had been committed by persons volunteering to nurse the afflicted. A letter from Portsmouth, of the 7th, says :—" The fever is still raging here with all the virulence and fatality of an Eastern plague. Yesterday Dr. Kennedy went to the hospital. Last night Dr. Walter, of Baltimore, sent for me. He has the fever. You may say to his friends that he is doing well. This day one week ago I breakfasted with nine physicians belonging to our mess. We muster now but two. Some have left for home, and others are in the agonies of death. Should I take the"fever do me the favour not to permit any member of your family to come here. I will be well cared for. At present I am in good health, and think I shall weather the storm." The Portsmouth Transcript, of the Bth, has the following : " Few men are left. Every house is shut up. There is a crying in the streets. All joy is darkened. The mirth of the land is gone. In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smit ten with destruction. Such is not an inapt description of Norfolk and Portsmouth. Since the last issue of this paper on Friday, the 31st ult., the doings of death have been ceaseless. Eight, yea! nine of the physicians, who nobly came from abroad and entered the very jaws of death, have had the fever, and seven of them are now at the naval hospital. The fever continues as bad as ever. Indeed, the number of deaths during the last week has exceeded that of any previous week. More physicians have been written for to supply the place of those sick, and to divide the labour, which is and has been too arduous for the few engaged in the charitable work." To give an idea of the extraordinary expenses now being in curred by the remaining citizens of Norfolk, a correspondent mentions that a gentleman was compelled to pay $l5O for a metallic coffin for his deceased daughter. A common spectacle in the streets was a cart laden with coffins, which are deposited at some convenient street corner, and removed thence by the undertakers as occasion demands. Three or four of these coffins often stand together. The dead are immediately taken out of the houses and placed upon_ the sidesalksd , a sari of of the victim, being nailed upon the lid of each coffin. A duplicate of this parchment record is preserved. The bodies of the dead are conveyed away by carts which traverse the streets at stated intervals. There are three places of burial. The houses of the citizens who have fled, are, it is believed, pretty generally respected. Few cases of theft and burglaries are reported. Individual cases are recorded, in which the circumstances of the victims were peculiarly harrowing. In one instance, two young ladies died in the same house, within a short time of each other. Both were thrust into one coffin and buried. One family, consisting of a father, mother, children, and servant, all died ; the servant (a negro) clinging to her mistress to the last. This fidelity of the negroes is not the least noticeable feature. It is difficult—nearly impos sible—to separate servants and mistresses. Forbidden to enter the sick chamber, the blacks will creep into concealed places, hide beneath the beds, crouch in corners, employ every artifice, to remain in attendance upon the mistress. Left to themselves, the negroes are abject, refuse to take remedies, and die rapidly. Their last wish often is that they may be buried near their mistresses. A considerable amount of valuable property is frequently left in the hands of the physicians. This is always confided to the care of the Sani tary Committee." CALIFORNIA..—The Empire City and Northern Light had arrived at New York with a total amount of $1,983,061. The Panama Railway was in excellent condition. The mining reports were satisfactory. A terrible massacre of some of the inhabitants of Ranche ria, Amador county, had been perpetrated by a party of Mexicans and Chilenos. Five persons were murdered. Three Mexicans, who gave their names respectively as Petervine, Trancoline, and Jose, were found guilty of murder in the above case, and after half an hour's time being allowed to prepare themselves, were hanged on one tree. While the trial was being conducted, the outraged community turned out en masse and burned every Spanish house in the place. After the three were hanged, the citizens of Rancheria passed a resolution that no Mexican should hereafter reside at the above place. Several other Mexicans were " lynched " in other counties. In one instance the condemned said hkwas in the power of the Americans, and knew he had to die, and wished to have his face washed and his hair combed, which was granted. He then said he would like to have a priest to confess himself ; this being refused he called for a brandy-punch, which was given to him. The crowd becoming impatient, called for his hanging, which was immediately done. The Mexican was " run up" and held there for a short time, then lowered, when f g r r o e m at h d is iffi ne c c u k lt . y w lt as wa e s n fi co n u ai n i t 3 e , red in cut loose; meantime the ntimerhopee suffered excruciating wani tdhh body s t ha broo au p tt a . i a n t , When d in no g mt heai and doeyesk was i ? . n b gt o a u ak t, el on throwing i ls nls neck e noise revived and asked for brandy and water, and said he would like to talk, but it was of no use, as the people would not be lieve anything he said, and he wished they would kill him outright, or bring some of his friends. He then proceeded to make a statement, denying his guilt. The crowd, who could not hear half that was said, again became impatient, and cried out, " run him up," which was immediately done. It was very doubtful whether he was really guilty. Collisions had occurred between the Mexicans and Americans, in one of which a sheriff was killed and several Mexicans. The British fleet had sailed for Valparaiso and the China Seas. Before they left, a meeting of the members of the Pacific Club was called for the purpose of taking a vote on the question whether they would or would not give the officers of the Allied fleet a ball. The debate was a stormy one, and the meeting finally broke up in a very excited state at two o'clock in the morning, and the ball was not given. A public ball was, however, got up, but the French Admiral declined to attend. Her Majesty's screw-steamer Brisk had arrived at San Francisco from Vancouver's Island. It will be remembered that after the evacuation of Petropaulowski, in April last, the Brisk and several others of the Allied fleet were ordered to cruise in that vicinity and in the neighbourhood of the Aleutian Islands, to watch the movements of the enemy, and to pick up every Russian vessel that might chance to be cruising in those waters. The Brisk visited Petropaulowski, and found there a Russian merchant vessel which had been abandoned by the crew. The vessel was fired and destroyed. On several occasions the Brisk was close to the Russian settlements on the Aleutian Islands, but was unable to effect a landing in consequence of the thick fogs which prevail at this season in that vicinity. The Aspinwall Courier, speaking of the New Grenada Canal, says :—" Mr. D. H. Gillett, the superintendent of the work recently commenced for the re-opening and rebuilding the New Grenada Canal, from the Bay of Carthagena to Calamar, is progressing admirably. Mr. G. found the grass so overgrown and matted across the canal, for miles upon miles, that the natives were in the habit of crossing the river upon it—in some instances over a depth of thirty feet of water. For a considerable number of miles Mr. G. has cleared this grass out entirely. The diplomatic preliminaries of the company have been fully completed, and they are now in unrestricted possession of the work and the trade it yields, or can be made to yield, during the time of their contract." Advices from San Juan state that Colonel Kinney had com pleted the purchase, for $500,000, of Messrs. Shepherd and Haley's rights in the lands granted them by the Mosquito Government in 1839, so that he possessed this fertile tract, as reported, in addition to his 1,700,000 acres in Chontales. Advices from Niftragua state that, on the 28th ult., Colonel Walker landed at San Juan del Sud, with a small party, whereupon the natives, with the exception of the cap taM of the port and a few others, immediately evacuated the place, taking their mules with them. They were, however, induced to return, and assist the California passengers in their transit across the Isthmus. A bloody battle was fought on the 19th, between the Castillon party, under Mu nos an d Alvarez, and a body of 'Charmorro's adherents, under Guar diola. As regards numbers the armies were nearly equally matched, the former comprising 900 and the latter 800 men. The battle lasted seven hours, and about 500 were killed on both sides. Guardiola was badly beaten, and fled to the mountains, while Munos was reported among the slain. Colonel Walker was menaced by a strong force of the Char - morro party, posted at Rivas, only fifteen miles from San Juan. His position was liable to attack as soon as the know ledge of his landing reached Boska, the commander at Rivas. Colonel Kinney's affairs appeared to be in a highly prosperous condition. He was very popular at Greytown, and his com missioner to the supreme government had received marked attentions from the President. The advices from Havana are to the Ist September. The first steamer of the new line from Liverpool arrived on the 28th. A letter from Havana, in a New York paper, says :—" The old Cunard steamer Europa has been purchased by a Spanish company to form one of a line which is to run between Mar seilles, Genoa, and other ports in the Mediteranean and this port, and hence to New York. As some especial privileges (such as the remission of tonnage dues) will probably be ex tended to this line, it will prove a formidable competitor to the steamships now running between New York and this port." COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, 11th Sept. The demand for money continued active, but rates of interest remained the same. In the bank statement for the week end ing the Bth, there were no important changes. In exchange there was an appearance of greater firmness, but buyers did not come forward at the rates demanded. Bills on London, at 60 days, could have been sold at 1091, and bankers at 1091, but 1091 were asked for the former and 1098 to 110 for the latter. France, f.5.11i to f. 5.131. COTTON.—There was very little doing, and prices may be quoted lc. lower. Holders did not wish to offer their stocks freely at the reduced price. The sales were estimated at 3,500 bales. The following is a statement of receipts, exports, and stocks of cotton made up to the 31st ult. from the principal ports : Exports to Total Exports Stock in Receipts. Gt. Britain. to For. Ports. Hand. 1855 2,830,012 1,549,607 132,142 1854 2,900,287 1,604,047 108,870 Increase .... 23,272 Decrease 79,275 54,240 BREADSTITFFS.—Prior to the. advances received by the Atlantic to the 25th ult., the flour market continued in a depressed state. These advices, however, caused an imme diate advance of 25c. per barrel on the common and medium qualities, and has been followed by a further improvement of 121 c. to 25c. per barrel, with which our quotations are uni form. Wheat was 10c. to 15c. per bushel higher, the transac tions, as before, being almost exclusively in southern descrip tions. Indian corn had advanced 3c. to 4c. per bushel on the Atlantic's news. PROVISIONS.—Pork was firmer; the sales were 2,400 brls. at $22,311 to $22,371 for mess ; $20,50 for prime, and $19,50 for Western prime mess. Butter and cheese were unchanged. FREIGIITS were firm at the following quotations :—To Liverpool—Cotton, per lb., 3-16 d. to 7-32 d. ; flour, per barrel, 2s. to 2s. 6d. ; rosin, ditto, 25.; heavy goods, cheese, &c., per ton, 20s. to 305.; grain, per bushel, sd. to 51d. To London— Tobacco, per tierce, 65.; flour, per barrel, 2s. 6d.; rosin and turpentine, per 2801b5., 2s. ; heavy goods, oil, &c., 20s. 6d. to 30s. ; grain, per bushel, 7d. to Bd. NEW ORLEANS, SEPT. 6.—No change. Sales, 1,500 bales. Receipts of new to date, 31,000 bales. Market quiet. Another despatch of the 6th, quotes " good middling, inc. ; freight to Liverpool, id." Sept. 7.—No change. Sales yesterday, 2,500 bales. SAN FRANCISCO, AUG. 18.—Few steamer days that have occurred since the disastrous times of last spring have proved as " tight" as the present, and the complaint seems general throughout town in regard to the stringency of funds. Nor does the stagnation alluded to only characterise the market for provisions, groceries, &c., flour and grain also have exhibited great and universal dulness, the first-named evidently receding from day to day, while grain of all descriptions shows some slight signs of firmness over transactions making for the past few days. [BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.] NEW YORK, SEPT. 13.—Flour has advanced ; an advance has also taken place in wheat. Corn has slightly declined. Cotton easier; sales to-day 1,000. Freights at New Orleans, of cotton to Liverpool 15-18 d. (?) Dates from Mexico, 2nd. Affairs unsettled. General De la Slave has taken possession of Vera Cruz, refusing allegiance to the Provisional Go vernmen t. Alvarez has not yet reached the capital. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. INDIA. AN overland mail has arrived, with dates from Calcutta to the 9th and Bombay to the 13th of August. The only news of importance relates to the insurrection of the Santhals. On this subject a letter from Calcutta of the 9th ult. states : The Sanehal rebellion languishes ; the insurgents are with drawing to their fastnesses, making occasional raids in small parties upon villages far away from the places in which the troops are located, and they are reported to be building stock ades in the jungles north of the More River, behind which they have retreated. The hill tribes—for the Santhals are low landers, dwelling on the spurs of the Rajmahal chain of the Vindhyan mountains—have not joined in the outbreak, and are said to be determined not to permit the rebels to take refuge in their country. If this be correct, the reduction of the Santhals will become a far easier task than was an ticipated. The army which is to take the field against the Santhals has not been detailed, but as all officers on leave, and several on staff employ, belonging to the 7th, Bth, 13th, 31st, 40th, 42nd, 50th, 56th, and 03rd Native Infantry, have been ordered to join, there can be no doubt that all these corps are to be employed. The 11th Regiment of Irregular Cavalry and a considerable amount of Artillery are also gone, or going, to the scene of theinsurrection. At the commencement of the outbreak a telegraphic message was sent to Madras for troops, and the reply received was that there were none to spare: Some persons are of opinion that Russian agency and gold have originated the rebellion ; but this I doubt, though possibly some agent of the Czar may have been at work to incite the disfontAnt a 1- n tne -e uvPrtand Calcutta Englishman we read that a letter from Raneegunge, dated 24th of July, says : About 500 troops arrived by Saturday's train at Ranee , gunge, under command of Major Hampton, partly of the 30th and 50th Bombay Native Infantry ; 100 were despatched yesterday to Taldangah. On Saturday last the rebels were opposed at Katna (a village four toss north of Nuggur) by the Ghautwall of Kaloo Roy. The latter's son being cut down, the Ghautwall fled. The Nuggur Rajah had a company of sepoys from Soorey to defend his palace, and it is to be hoped they will be able to keep them in check, otherwise there will be nothing to prevent them making a march on the Raneegunge station. Troops are to be despatched from here with every hope of falling in with the rebels. One hundred and fifty men of the 56th Bombay Native Infantry, under command of Captain Halliday, started for Bancoorah, to protect that pl ace . All the railway wor k s a bout here are stopped. The rail way people have assembled together at the station for security. Should the rebels be checked in their course westward, they will very probably turn to the east again, and, coming down the Kyrasole jungle, sack and burn all the railway bungalows in that vicinity. News has just come in that the troops had fallen in with the rebels at Nuggur, and that upwards of 300 were killed, be sides a number wounded and taken prisoners. The Bombay Overland Times of Aug. 23 remarks : We know as little now as we did a fortnight since of the causes which led to the insurrection, or the catastrophe to which it may yet lead. The insurgents in the field are said to amount to 30,000 ; bands of them of from 500 to 2,000 strong are overrunning the country to the south-eastward, spreading terror and desolation before and around them. Two hundred villages are already said to have been destroyed by them, and several great towns been brought into danger. Wherever they have come in contact with the regular troops they have, of course, been dispersed with much slaughter, and they are not anywhere in a position to offer effective resistance to the most moderate-sized detachments. So soon as we have a suffi cient force in the field, they will be hunted down or driven back to their fastnesses, but the mischief they are at present occasioning is as lamentable as their appearance in the field was unexpected. I PORTUGAL—The solemn inauguration of the reign of Dom Pedro V. took place this morning . at the Cortes. His Ma jestyanoccasion,d c d o e n c fi l a fio. r misr e iN d aethsde h mpe i t s tu nfibh a yre d se h t,tm e hta s eii i nnm o pdi n seet,o t iepu o trolsse t se l: w e ln. aT p oosihtheir drnorefpgi arrived iefr h sdth e ft ojh f ll o u,eie r sos m etssl. iee e nle r sto c a rtoinifc b m i wtet t e l hal e teri t os. , , graph in Portugal. The accession of the King was rece i ve d w • S t n h s p e a n r t e h i l u , salute the new King. WEST INDIES.—The Thames arrived at Southampton on • Wednesday, with the usual mails and 81,867,444 in specie. The Jamaica legislature was still prorogued. Fever was very prevalent, and the weather was intensely hot. Business was dull. At British Guiana the weather was very hot. The canes were thriving luxuriantly, and planters were beginning to get busy with the operation of cutting their crops. At Grenada a want of labour for the cane cultivation still conti nued, but hopes were entertained that the £7,000 loan which had been granted by parliament for the introduction of coolie immigrants would help to assist in the procuring of hands for the getting in the crops. There had been some sickness at Grenada, but no epidemics. The weather was variable, but not unfavourable to agriculture. At Antigua a want of labour was felt. The weather, which for some time was dry, had changed, and a great quantity of rain had fallen. Barbadoes and the other northern islands had been visited by a hurricane of unusual severity, and a severe shock of an earthquake was felt at Trinidad. Mr. W. J. Emerson, her Majesty's British consul, died at St. Thomas on the 30th ult., from lock-jaw, caused by an injury to his knee, in being thrown out of his gig. No cases of yellow fever are reported at Barbadoes since the hurricane. The electric telegraph, which connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans along the Panama line of railroad, was opened on the 12th of August. At Peru General Castilla had been promoted from the rank of General of Brigade to General of Division. At Bolivia the Presidential elections had terminated in favour of General Cordoba, son-in-law of General Belzu, the actual president. A commissary for the army, named Lianas, was convicted by a court-martial of plun dering the nation of $14,000, and condemned to lose his rank and be imprisoned for a certain number of years. President Belzu disapproved the sentence, and ordered him to be shot within twenty-four hours. The nuns from the convents and all the religious orders, with their images, relics, &c., pro ceeded to Belzu, and asked for a commutation of the sentence ; but the President would not listen to them, and the culprit was shot. At Chili grain and flour continued in increasing demand, which assisted in keeping up high rates. Some failures had occurred, but they had caused no great alarm. AUSTRALIA.—We have intelligence from Melbourne to the 28th June. Serious collisions had taken place between the Irish, at the Maryborough diggings, and the miners. Th e " Tips," as th e f ormer are called, attempted! to take the law into their own hands relative to "jumping" claims, but the miners rose en masse to the num b er o f 3,000, and obliged them to conform to law and usage. The miners are known as " The Allies," in contradistinction to the " Tips. Military and police were sent to preserve the peace in the district. A mutual protection society had been formed with the sanction of the government. At the Ballarat diggings the Irish also placed themselves in opposition to the English, Scotch, and American miners, and scenes similar to those at Maryborough occurred. At Maryborough a " Tip " who rashly presented his gun at a body of 2,000 of the " Allies " was fired at twice and slightly wounded. A monster nugget, weighing 1,000 ounces, and valued at £4,800 was found at the Maryborough diggings. The population of the colony was stated to be 304,160. The Melbourne labour market was very dull, and no prospect of a better demand existed. A 4thip captain had , been fined £962 for bringing an e xcess o f one h un d re d and 1 two Chinese passengers Into port. General Sir B. Nicol, commander of the forces, was dead. The American ship Whistler was lost on the King's Head rocks, in June last. Flour had advanced in price. 'The tobacco market was firm. Ironmongery very .dull. [SEPTEMBER 25, 1855 , -------- KING 80.211 - BA AND HIS SA TEIi° • _______—•••--_ be po .. LIE dismissal of Mazza, the chief of thelttens_nrio, s a concession extorted from the King, not y anY o. „ oo ous return to better counsels, but by apprehension l t° ..t y is concerned, and for the moment, we must be . _ le, t IO' • and Mo ri 11 miserable agent of the King's oppression . ~...I , s t ful InTs''. solemns eq uenc w es ar t i o l i n h g im o f s himself the Western w he es tdearrnedptoowers. turn A a df r e a a t fias s e : rlo lo) , had so far dared upon the prestige of success la 00 ! nsult a servant of the British Crown, has )ee but ° I3 IYI from his post. Nothing, however, is change d .3 . ins, alli i i i still more probably, a name. The system re n ', ll go 114 The 131-.- -- ,4 ill implies the pacification of Southern Italy. itcKsieegi chestnut usual gettonhocl udeof inclination trufii:r:s. agoetpoo.osldfeupssrLfu.:Otealfytrilteitlpionaosfsnoeracise,u..apyp,Aoasdenadtyhtari;lhgtews oditimissrval_f.Aulaeoor?:l some of those remoteaairssnt‘eid, doms and pursues the chase with all the enersgY.n i . Bourbons. Care dogs his steps, and fear flit lnie.,l ?cross his path. Every gentle gale that comese toil with the perfumes of the sweet South whisp . r! ;$ the muttered curses of his subjects, or-rwinf i n l l l l a n a v m s : still more appalling-the distant clang Cl f e : . s "psd 0 soil which may one day call him to accmin ~, t h i t4 last intelligence from Naples undoubtedly I!,t,'...ere reached us until the last few days evidence of despotism. Terror reigned at s ; ] i i igliPi l emissaries of the Royal Robespierre were daY nn dsiallat i t I the watch. Innocence suggested suspicion, s t.? .11, plied crime. But at Naples who can be innoee mo ,e„ scum of police • agents, to whom the NeaPolita e t b e it . o lo ji itafnrrsoernilovavrWtYhibl7:chas trri°llillunlieldsdgeefo-°tierle-I:!'rellfietile;dl:l for the security of his throne, are, according.nt°the 40, of the exigencies of the moment, perfectly t the ..t or them go down into the public streets and ''' - 1/(11 0 passers-by-they have secured ten traito which )190 that such a state of things should last in sg snaf_t,,, posed to house, and every household is divi tote V I The father dare not trust the son-no con at w bst ,o ,.-, l alf I otsbNfinebohouffuearoetutetprlctlvtdtlsit,:eae,e;h:eseaiirnfttishit continuous i h n e u r o s uasn torture friends. an d l i V m h p o ri m so n nin t e e n n.o: 4 oo 6 oo 4 any of the number may be arrested ? Who cal l ,P re sybe7p.t t eyes of as the most pregnant evidence of crime. eiiii /A a ou of exaggeration in describing the miserieo/ . sia - • land. The mountain which throws its T s tsat,o7 s i floods upon the villages and towns which li airlg . r k 0 aeanr soon armed m i f m u er l dues: ruffians- we 00 nr i restored d s o t a f o n 7g its e i r s ~,..uigeotilt e::::: ,, _ :I,,A f: i i i with the sovereign made an end. A few years or months ana; a llel7 s irT i a whose hands the oSitiintil" . ii 3 t iusn il "Essieesit rmlennocirguet Inquisitors Silence hiotaofnr i es s xoopnfreeetshsbei safest, oe ponl and chwliecedey.meoftgoitariiyecti:eilseri,eitfillosart!jj.nto‘lTlelitined_: 0,1 4 ' er i oro r efl : i livegsa snow a and si loose among them suspicion, terror, despan' iv inor i ol' . the bright name of " soldier" by applying 1 urc;',o are-as their allotted prey. Th e y ar e s eized soil houses, in their bed s , i n th e mar k e ts, at Ol i o ti e theatres, and hauled off to filthy dens front roil" would shrink back aghast. But let no man k olv,:e trade of tyrant is a desirable calling. 11 !L il e s , s ir , more piteous and more contemptible in lauu - •boart the conduct of this King of men as it is del l o a n cent correspondence. For the last two ,° r h a 0. 4 ,7P r i save at St. Petersburg, monarchs have not ' - es io. l 4 of dodging from hole to corner to avoid the t he i 4 But even in Russia it would be a slander uP° ll - e stt 'A crazy Paul to compare him with the present 'Let the lA'? Lunatic as he was, the Czar was no coward. - „bot ito tf ot o man in these kingdoms-steeped though he T., a g j rth o ", .0 , even to the lips-affiicted by all the aiilictonjoi l de humanity-all Job's miseries him w ithou" ~ be' upon t hs. -fall down upon his knees and thank O.°U , Ilif ,, i the King of Naples.- Times. Ire ........,.. .4, ;d THE GREAT SEA SNAKE.-The Buffalo C o oro states that the "great American snake '' hs e ; ,,, r haFit a p last. It is represented as fifty-nine feet dt'e ; The head is about the size of a full-grown calf 5; t b5 .. ,.r,,, feet of the head the neck gradually swells up to 7;07, of a foot in diameter, which continues for fiftlgia 00,i tapers down the other way, constantly iner etis i; of t lie 0 I;11 ever, as it recedes from the head, until the oo''' g iviaci t lit',o has a diameter of over two feet in the centr e ,,„ tot t o ptP, of over six feet. It then tapers off towara t",,wf aW I , i 1 in a fin which can be expanded in the slue" ~, •.er d . three feet across, or closed in a sheath. ti oin_ ,00 1( "11 0 ' ..,,.1,10 SPLENDID EXLMPLE OF MODERN Fi.,,1 1 1at," : ~.J'ivii, - - 1 1 stupendous undertaking, the Victoria . 151 30°''01_,Mi ; Lawrence, on the Great Railway o',r- , is.,beFP' o o, ; commenced just before the close of last r - 44At ilt_ 11 ` -{' t; MI ; progressing. The total length on le'" 23°"" ee ilk ' -that is to say, embankments in couple %es, sbe ~, 4 i approael, fa' h ments, 484; tubular railway bridge, 613 81- r iAle.% 011 the wrought iron tube, through which the 0,4 0 %,14 l' is estimated by the engineers at no less than • so "" a , the masonry, in supports and a hntinent e .,',l 0r,, - 0 .„11 27,500,000 cubic feet. The number of hearlld, POPO ' quasi arches, by which the river will be spa 1 1 ,410 . 1 , height of the centre of the tube above the vlaw,, he feet, which-at the abutments will be 36 feet. ' O O I PO tube in the centre is 21 feet, and that at the 0 11 , . 1 6 inches. The width is 18 feet. Mr. Robert, 1 M.P., and Mr. Alexander Mackenzie Roes, are t''' and Messrs. Peto, Brassey, Betts, and Jackson, the , , This magnificent work, im l completed, in desig / 1 ; to e that of the bridge across the Menai , will b e the o de ; neering can so essentially claim as its own. PUBLIC MORALITY.-The Record gives* t s, o,vi tlgb v oh i uro a eois d luest U zo. viaduct on t Ho o pt: n reao t cht n h itagei i ds s heot p dfu, r e- i pot n euol c enr i .t p efito l di e r: iseatlevpcblouniafibscntlltkii:me.etrhesgre2::::svActeseeise.:trent. (4... c tiiv e tbi o ne) ;: :: :: i. 11 , logue of the commercial frauds which bla w or - ,e'. V ' ,ny is unargeti With a criminal ........1 A t hen " e ,,, took from him all the security he could t e aoll' be ss -e r oil ; ; I Brussels for embezzling, or stealing, soine be P a e irPrdt 1 way shares. The charge was declared to '' ai ft t for i But both the parties have been obliged to "..'-'',„ s tC Oll- 0 11/ , :',0 t the direction, not being able satisfactorilY,. w u re, 0 11 . , e d . ty i said shares. 3. Next comes the Strand fa f a ehe aria r shall say nothing at present, as the trial 0 ' ' - 4.. 141 a may be expected to take place very shortly fot ar A p r, • t have the singular exhibition of one of the ~, to ""' .4 • Pra P t London, combining with an insolvent nePn e- 0 07. or o od, , the insurance companies of London the "er e itlict i , 1 RBO,OOO, while it is not easy to suppose th° t bstr , nephew could delude himself with the belie.c.r., ti on ' so borrowed would ever be repaid. 5. One l u sa taS oseSt ' a noble family, is alleged to have raised laXg e tra de , ,blll acceptances. 6. Another M.P., eng aged in be rge a rtOoli appearance in a Police-court last week, on a c r do 0- t y ing mortgaged a ship for £lO,OOO, he afterivan,ooo,;o ther party, and obtained from him anotherX,..iytai p lender being kept in utter ignorance of the a' s . re t,) i IA r oF THE CHOLERA. IN FLORENCE. - A -1 ov e r - 01 40 gives very terrible accounts of the ravages °,'„„ a „fic , 1. less than 11,000 persons have, it is stated, b e e e n wjestar the month of August. The population of tlis - n b 9 deer an average 100,000, is now reduced to 6 ° , 'Zi; i' flight. flight. The Grand Duke, it must be said to P R A, Pr o f a noble example. Although his family ha s , oo 4 Olt , himself, and, clad in the black veil of the F r 3 ," It l o py he sometimes assists in the burial of the deao.,, e lyb 1 11 ) , l affirmed in this letter that ten persons were la' ,:,Polte r i 1 The horrible fact was brought to light in this vIr:of d ol o warehouse-keeper in Palazzuolo (a fauboarg t Litli..rsret t buried for dead in the Trespiano cemetery, "keF;i l Vr 4 supposed corpses, in a common grave. He a" . 2 xoti , / consciousness, and so thin was the coverinb 50,.; 1) above him that he made his way out to th e /fr 6 0 - ydai bodies . of n A u t m la er s o t u i s ie pe re; e ve i :,,:: 1 v, weak, lie lived for three days on roots in they 4 ,01 1 /; e 0; t inet rounds iy f t e h l e t grave-yard. the a e v b e cient to reach his house, where he startled A V o ilV o ll ,t' were in mourning for him. He assured t he i 9: I tt moving about. The grave was consequenthstlirsfr was found that many (ten in number, as ' l l - r j or . 7 stirred, and several of them had bitten their P e fi ll t It, po i and otherwise injured themselves. They 11 _ : e r e o, .el ~ the investigation was made. The utmost ei w Y i ge on the subject among the population. „i ItttEy tb e ,or is ~h ) NEW MATERIAL FOR PAPER-MAKIN...Ia 4,, -, , lil 1 evening meeting of the British Association.ver i trofi t , went of Science, held in Glasgow, the Chenset i -oetioi a paper on Papyrus Bonapartea, and other P he loveir furnish fibre for paper pulp. Referring to t siaii i 0 0 . 04 rial experienced by paper-makers, M. Claus_ 4 , B e 0 00 4 r, L c they desiderated was a cheap substitute for,r„ a itet.l,4 6 k I fibre, easily bleached, and of which an na", - 0,, tat"O ' Or k r iPt be obtained. Paper-makers regard rag's, „" r sil;o4Ki 0 cent. of vegetable fibre, mixed with woo.' or t he u lt but, by boiling these rags in caustic alkali , for " - per 4 I dissolved, and the vegetable fibre is availah'etbe Zof,.. ',ir , ' 41 1 ture of white paper pulp. Sunn i jut e ' 0 . 0 1 ' .. 1, 0 P10 0 L I , corcorus indicus, produced a paper pule' iµ 1);` bleached with ;difficulty. Agave, phor":4 o".frilort Of t i c banana or plantain fibre (Manilla hernp)r i , e ,i l P oi sive, but it is nearly impossible to bleach '''' fl o 10 .1 0 p i; leaves contain 40 per cent. of fibre. Flay oldai l l D' the 11 to replace rags in paper, but the high prieeag te ~,' a llor, 1 b I , caused partly by the war, and partly 11r r", t e,v At fof , ,0 " tit in which it is cultivated, prevents thar„ / ,ia' 0 1!;. - s trsibe I', straw are required to produce one ton of a' p ot w ab oti; e ir , present mode of treatment all the wood , f, o f nelll. r o" OW' I lost. By the Chevalier's process the bait, oca:d ate kit, lessened by partial cleaning before rottinTee ''" - . 4 ) p ie f to 60 per cent. of shoves, a valuable...e s t .., flas Y e I ) pi, 4 t . and the cost of the fibre reduced. '''T o sPelitlee D . duces nearly from 12 to 15 per cent. ..,°.,' ' P; l 5 - 111 A b' re h , o o, lc, produces 25 per cent. of paper Pu'r,,n . d ' v'o i OF '3' ' 25 per cent. of a very beautiful "--- ces ta g OP.& le A n pc. C .01 fr ~4 fibre. Palm leaves contain 30 to npee e det '''' AO are not easily bleached. The Bron t ` jut tiC ol- 0bfe j0.4 ,1 1 9. n , , 25 to 40 per cent. fibre. Bonapart e „,, a i tshi e fares, e9f ilti per cent. of the most beautiful cob e gg ifite',4oo l, _bl! so ‘' . ski which could be used for all kinds of i n' Thi°,,retlil .no r . tif . tt i flax, cotton, silk, or wool, are emploY ,e?i i s OW!: a (it": 01,,, r t tfli very large quantities in Australia, alla, l a jog A r. CO' t some of our large manufacturers wow . 0 , tha' as ti' Dor o lr , , ,t d r . it. The plant wants no other prePare,f e t eo bilt ione r k 050 N ing, and compressing like hay. The, u etu ni, t' i e 'll t ; of it may be done here. Ferns, enn's Pewe, h e reentit i cienit 111 the lime tree, althea, stalks of beans er 00 . 4 0 .. Ai i „ ~ , t potatoes, heather, broom, and many. omost of .P c : 4 ag . r e roc i t it, < 15 and 20 per cent. of fibre, but ti c oyot to P er 0 1 e 00 t i straws of the cereals cannot be 11l the j o ints ; es ist v e .di ,o 4 obvious difficulties preventing the r fe e tured, l ; 1 1° ,10,0 bp w ''Ji unless cut before they are ripe,. as . 1 .• ‘,. es to r c ot,. ( IV i stalks are so hardened by Mel lin g° to 6 0 P d e re edS 7 - s trt,o agents. Many grasses contain frog; Groin' f the t o; „ t e tli contain about an equal amount. -L"` suitable %ince ° c o) i t o, 1 gives a large proportion of fibre three ti t i ; three causs 0 t1e„,..0 1 , 'O the cost of preparing would be SO id 11f. _ e el' .o,ll' )1 , 1 sa l the P c f the' PI of paring rags. As none of these wan ember , s c bete ), . iso ' entirely satisfy on all points the i ts_r em. _ .. .., er n 11 , d at last rea. thr Mt (1,, , , P e o d m L ' continued my researches, an ts wade p er ce. ' p tr - 9 not very strong, but easily bleaclie_ woo d . , o ,sper p at of: 0 1 111 (the plant of which the ancient , ~..t 40 61. . 0 ; 0 0 fibre, excellent for paper, and 0 1 :., vsatisfactory svtlttioli ,octily point which was not entirely __e, my a W r ' ea t Orepr , ', l supply of it. I directed, theretonri, to ra y g otbe re tte tor t growing in this country, and fo s lt e. ;; /sus , il f„ r ior, tc eitif ec tl, that the common rushes (juncu . f not sair'n the IJI fi bre ,ti examined, and found to contain 40 per cent. of fibre, quite equal , e l for rags "." wor e .41 a t,,, ills fibre, and a perfect substitu s . i __ on to o. of paper, and that one ton of rti I Cs two tons of flax straw. . asP•veuasily blea‘ too_ .„,o, 4.