The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1855-10-09 00:00:00

136 where they can be protected by frames for spring use ; attend to the earthings up of celery that is likely to be wanted for use soon, keepinc , it closely soiled up, so as to get it well blanched: Keep the late crop of this well supplied with manure water while growing weather continues. Get onions dried, and stored. — Gardeners' Chronicle. SUPPLEMENT TO THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY POTTED BEEFS TWO pounds of beef put into a stone jar, with a little pepper and salt, and a little water, a little beef suet on the top of the jar, tied down and baked until tender ; then beat in a mortar with a little of the gravy ; season to taste; then put in pots when cold, and ,a little butter. SPONGE CAKES.—Take seven eggs, and leave out the whites of three of them ; ten ounces of sugar, half a pound of flour, and the rind of a lemon grated ; boil the sugar in lumps in half a tea-cupful of water, pour it boiling on the eggs, beat them together for twenty minutes, and stir in the flour gradually. SOUFFLET PUDDING.—Mix a bit of butter with two table-spoonfuls of flour in cold water, pour over it half a pint of milk boiled with sugar and lemon-peel, and boil it, but keep stirring. Add the yolks of four eggs, leaving the whites to be whipped. Pour all into a mould, and boil an hour and a quarter. MOCK BRAWN.—Lay a pig's head in salt with a little saltpetre for three days, then wash and clean it well, and boil till the bones slip out ; then chop the meat up together, and mix in a pan with salt, pepper, and mace, rub a little dried sage, and mix all together to your taste ; then tie it in a cloth, and put it again in the boiler ; when quite hot, put it in the shape, either with or without the cloth. BLANCMANGE.—A- gill of cream, an ounce of ising glass dissolved in the third part of a pint of water, with a tea-cupful of new milk ; put in the oven to dis solve, an ounce of almonds and a little cinnamon ; cut the almonds in pieces, and boil all together for twenty minutes ; strain it through a piece of muslin ; stir till quite thick and nearly cold, then put it into moulds. APPLE JELLY.—Pare your apples, cut them in quarters, and put them in cold water sufficient to cover; boil them till they become a mass, then put them into a flannel jelly-bag to clear the juice, and to every pint of juice put one pound of good loaf sugar ; boil it in a topper pan for twenty minutes, then try it on the back of a plate to see if it will jelly, by putting it in a cold place ; if not, boil it a few minutes longer, take it off' the fire, let it stand a few minutes till the scum has settled on the surface, which must be removed with a skimmer, and it is then fit to put into your pots when cold. Cut pieces of paper to the size of your pots, and steep them in brandy, to cover the jelly. If you wish your jelly of a high colour, do not pare your apples. SCIEIVC.F AND ART. A NEw PAINT.—.-I beg, says Mr. Wentworth L. Scott, analytical chemist, to call the attention of the building world in general to the results of some expe riments I have lately made, with the view of discover ing a wash or paint more durable than the lime-wash so often complained of, and at the same time cheaper than the oil-paint in ordinary use. This object, I think, I have fully attained. The first method I will introduce to your notice, consists in boiling together for half an hour— Commercial shell-lac 1 lb. Ditto borax (tincal).. „ And water r. 14:1 imp • g all. allowing the solution to stand until quite cold, and then straininc , through bags of some strong coarse material. The e ' solution, thus prepared should be mixed with from 6 lbs. to 8 lbs. of finely-ground dry white lead, and raised once more to the boiling point, with constant agitation. When cool, it may be stowed away in casks or carboys, or any description of vessel which will perfectly exclude the air, and will be fit for use at any time, with the simple preparation of stirring it well up. This paint laid on stone, brick, stucco, or wood, in the usual manner, will dry in from thirty minutes o two hours, according to the density or porosity of the material ; so that a day would be more than sufficient time for the laying-on and drying of several coats, It possesses a mellow, pinkish-white colour, very agreeable to the eye, produced by the combination of the dead-white of the lead with the brownish-red dye contained in the crude shell-lac. Of course different tints can be communicated to the paint by using various kinds of shell-lac, and the admixture of small quantities of ochre, sienna, &c. The name I have given it is the " Lacboraic Paint." The second method of painting that I have found successful is this :—The colour is to be mixed with a solution of glue (about a pound, dissolved in a gallon of water), and the house or wall to be painted with the same : when nearly dry, it must be brushed over with a strong infusion of oak-bark or catechu. As will be readily seen, the rationale of this is—the gelatine (glue) is converted into leather (tannate of gelatine) by the tannic acid of the oak-bark, and thus protects the colour from sun and rain. Both of these may with great propriety be denominated " sanitary paints." I have been strongly advised to patent these original processes ; but having alreaAy an invention more in accordance with the spirit of the times—viz., my " Volcanic Shell," now before the Ordnance, for the benefit of the Russians, and being of the "-no mono poly" school, I deem it better to present them to the Builder as an earnest of my goodwill.—The Builder. THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN. —Persons now living, who can remember five or six and thirty years back, will perceive with pleasure that a great change for the better has taken place in the estimation of the fine arts as an aid to education ; nevertheless, although this fact has become recognised, we are still, un fortunately, very deficient in adequate means for con conveying art instruction to the artizans and other useful classes in this country, which will enable them to take an equal position with those in similar circum stances in France and Germany. The great mine of English raw material has, however, been heretofore comparatively unwrought. The masses have been un taught. It is not now denied that the study of art ought to be commenced with the earliest dawnings of sense. We do not mean that parrot kind of education, by which children are taught to jingle rhymes, or to say that twice twelve are twenty-four, three times twelve are thirty-six, without understandinc , the mean ing of the one, or knowing the correctness of the other. That " a thing of beauty is a joy for ever," is a truth which in the education of the rising generation has not been sufficiently considered. Yet, in order to enable the millions of British workmen, who are to follow us, and take their proper place, to feel this, we must open the young eyes to truthful principles : at present we are deficient of means to work out this desirable result —and should, therefore, carefully look for and apply new methods. It is pleasant to know that F. Froebel, a disciple of Pestalozzi, has introduced a system of education which seems to us to open out a path for great progress. The main desire in Froebel's plan seems to be to carry out the idea that the fundamental principle of education " is the free, full, and harmonious development of all the faculties of the human being, —not by pretending to implant something better in the children, but by educating every power which a benefi cent Creator has bestowed upon them." The principle of discipline employed enables the teacher to avoid cor poreal punishment. This is important ; it is, however, more particularly to this system of education, as applied to the arts, that we would now direct attention. There is a principle of harmony in all; and it is the first effort of Froebel's system to encourage and bring it forward. A school has been established on this plan at, 32, Tavistock-place, by the exertions of Joannes Ronge, a gentleman who has distinguished himself in the cause of education and liberty in Germany. " Play is the labour of the child." Frobbel has therefore invented numerous games and amusements. The difference between the articles used in his infant garden and the toys which are commonly given to children, is that the former are of finished materials, offered to the child to look at or be used in a given form, in imitation of the ideas of others. Froebel supplies the children with materials with which they can produce an unlimited number of forms. Not only are those faculties which tend to the practice of the arts, mathematics, and mechanics, the perception of form, figure, beauty, harmony of colour, manual dexterity, order, and perseverance, fundamentally taught by this system, but also the harmony of sounds, for many of the games with cubes, balls, rollers, &c. are accompanied with songs, which awaken the intellect, exercise the voice, and give a taste for the harmony of sounds, which are so fitting in company with harmony of form and colour. THE FASHIONS. THE combination of white and black continue,.. si :", a favourite fashion. Some of the new evening' w it '," consisting of white organdy, are trimmed with f 10 :10# edged with rows of very narrow black velvet, as to ce b effect is exceedingly pretty. The number of 110 et is usually twelve or fifteen, and the rows of , 11 ,1 each, in general, amount to three. The corsags& namented with a ceinture-bretelle of black veld , e a bouquet of roses placed in the centre. A 1 7 4 ,0": t, coiffure for dresses of the kind he re men ti one d cy,rd of a bouquet of roses fastened by a bow of blacILA: O ribbon, with pendent ends drooping from ther n , 0:1 the head. The mingling of black with white n' ti t been adopted in dresses composed of a less ligh t s aerial texture than organdy. Within the ino'r dresses of white moire antique have been trivole„;eol flounces of black lace, and during the recent g",, , i in Paris, opera cloaks of white silk, with trialri llij o lte black lace, were frequently observed in the th e c i i i The lace employed for these cloaks was e% ee '4 4 deep, and it was gathered up in festoons at inters%cv six or seven inches apart by bows and flowing Oa t 1 black velvet ribbon. The same trimming borders u pp e r edge of the cloak, and. was sufficiently deep cover nearly half the white silk. jet Almost all the new dresses, excepting those iute l 'ite for very plain walking costume, are flounced, ; 0 ". flounces themselves being ornamented in a s t Y ie , or less rich. A dress of black silk, just made s i Tol o three deep flounces scalloped at the edges' l a re, ; ,. llfi t each flounce falls another of black lace. , t ear pr e ed seen a dress of maroon-colour barege, the sfr' eati%ch covered the flounces, the uppermost one beil l ,gif of e- a in with the skirt, at the waist. The upper P„sole li t be of these flounces is composed of barege, with a Greek pattern in narrow black v elvet' o f etV,e, edge of the barege is attached a row of la ce 4 width, which completes the depth of l ie The corsage of the dress here alluded to is b frill, without a basque ; but it has a ceinture black velvet. The sleeves are trimmed with v es c".s) frills, edged with black lace. The under slee ied voet sist of a bouillonne of organdy ornal nen t a ped needlework and medallions of Valencienn es, s l e eve this bouillonne droops the lowest frill on the fastelici the dress. The under sleeves are c lose, anu at the wrist by a band of needlework, and bracu black velvet. whiteAm o s ne k, t r h o e ce n n e t w ly es m t a d d re e s i s n es p m ar a i y s f b o e r of rank attached to the court of Queen Victorw_,eos dress is flounced, and the flounces are orlllir oo tllj with a pattern in groseille-colour velvet. f. irc l dress, composed of sea-green silk, has been • v o e with flounces, bordered by two stripes in vill'"„ c r 0. 4 lower stripe is two inches wide, and the uPY e s about half that width. Upon these white str i lto InanenEtii°igni:ici.:‘llll small bouquets of flowers broths in black, aIL , 12 , edge of each flounce is attached a row of fringe' of green and black silk intermingled. -ellt ti e It may be mentioned that tartan is at 1 0 ,, e ', 10 14 :0 p f as hi on able both in London and in Paris. oo' v eeo Parisian ladies especially, it is in high faNT OI - I t r . Ql l no doubt, to the circumstance of Her Mai es ,, l arele Victoria having several ti m e s appeared ill 7. 0 ..." Stuart tartan during her recent visit to Pa Lady's Newspape r . , OO Printed and Published eveLrlyVTEußePOsda"lldoming,7rig / s W or e% ROBERT PEARSON THACKER,yof No. 7, Petty ,..i 1 40 ;80 STANDARD GENERAL PRINTING 001,109, • GEORGE'S CRESCENT, Liverpool —Tuesday, Ont o [OCTOBER 9, 1855. T Many of the little songs are of great beauty. 1 11 the of these games the motions of the husbandman, an go, working in various trades, are simulated in the Wog, The children are also provided with swings, l eap the poles, &c. &c. It is satisfactory to know that g , system of Pestalozzi is extending in practice, fl3OO ticularly in those schools in which the strength ° I o ol: industry is raised. In the Home and Colonial Sc' l o eo in Gray's Inn-lane, from 80 to 100 young w o ol; are constantly in the course of education for sc, mistresses, and from this place 200 and upward'AP' skilful teachers, who have passed the examinat' ° ;o! the Government inspectors, and been provided proper diplomas, yearly start forth to various po d , the country and colonies to spread the blessilv education amongst the multitude". —The Builder'// , ; I