The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-12-25 00:00:00

the security of that part of India against hostile inva sion is presumed to be complete. Russia is adverted to in an obscure manner only, and not named in this Indian manifesto. 'The direct cognizance of her de signs is judiciously left to the authorities at home The following is the document in question : (From the Delhi Gazette Extraordinary, Oct_ 11, 1838) "The Right Hon. the Governor-GeneYal of India having, with the concurrence of the Supreme Council, directed the assemblage of a British force for service across the Indus, his Lordship deems it proper to publish the following expo sition of reasons which have led to this important measure. " It is a matter of notoriety that the treaties entered into by the British Government in the year 1832 with the Ameers of Sinde, the Nawab of Bhowulpore, and Maharajah Run jeet Singh, had for their object, by opening the navigation of the Indus, to facilitate the extension of commerce, and to gain for the British nation in central Asia that legitimate in fluence which an interchange of benefits would naturally produce. "With a view to invite the aid of the de facto rulers of Af ghanistan to the measures necessary for giving full effect to those treaties, Captain Burnes was deputed, towards the close of the year 1836, on a mission to Dust Mahommed Khan, the chief of Cabul; the original object of that officer's mis sion was, purely of a commercial nature. 'Whilst Captain Burnes, however, was on his journey to Cabul, information was received by the Governor-General that the troops of Dost Maborned Khan had made a sudden and unprovoked attack on those of our ancient ally, Maharajah Itunjeet Singh. It was naturally to be supposed that his Highness the Maha rajah would not be slow to avenge this aggression, and it was to be feared that the flames of war being once kindled in the very regions into which we were endeavouring to ex tend our commerce, the peaceful and beneficial purposes of the British Government would be altogether frustrated. In order to avert an act so calamitous, the Governor-General resolved on authorising Captain Burnes to intimate to Dost Mahomed Khan, that if he should evince a disposition to come to just and reasonable terms with the Maharajah, his Lordship would exert his good offices with his Highness for the restoration of an amicable understanding between the two Powers. The Maharajah, with the characteristic confi dence which he has uniformly placed in the faith and friend ship of the British nation, at once assented to the proposition of the Governor-General, to the effect that in the mean time hostilities on his part should be suspended. `• It subsequently came to the knowledge of the Governor- General that a Persian army was besieging Herat; that in trigues were actively prosecuted throughout Afghanistan, for the purpose of extending Persian influence and authority to the banks of, and even beyond, the Indus; and that the Court of Persia had not only commenced a course of injury and insult to the officers of her Majesty's mission in the Per sian territory, but had afforded evidence of being engaged in designs wholly at variance with the principles and objects of its alliance with Great Britain. "After much time spent by Captain Burnes in fruitless negociation at Cabul, it appeared that Rost Mahomed Khan, chiefly in consequence of his reliance upon Persian encou ragement and assistance, persisted, as respected his misun• derstanding with the Sikhs, in urging the most unreasonable pretensions, such as the Governor-General could not, con sistently with justice and his regard for the friendship of Maharajah Runjeet Singh, be the channel of submitting to the consideration of his Highness; that he avowed schemes of aggrandizement and ambition injurious to the security and peace of the frontiers of India; and that he openly threatened, in furtherance of those schemes, to call in every foreign aid which he could command. Ultimately he gave his undisguised support to the Persian designs in Afghanis tan, of the unfriendly and injurious character of which, as concerned the British power in India, he was well apprised; and, by his utter disregard of the views and interests of the British Government, compelled Captain Burnes to leave Cebu! without having effected any of the objects of his mis sion. " It was now evident that no further interference could be exercised by the British Government to bring about a good understanding between the Sikh ruler and Dust Mahomed Khan; and the hostile policy of the latter chief showed too plainly, that so long as Cabul remained under his govern ment, we could never hope that the tranquillity of our neigh bourhood would be secured, or that the interests °four Indian empire would be preserved inviolate. "The Governor-General deems it in this place necessary to revert to the siege of Herat and the conduct of the Persian nation. The siege of that city has now been carried on by the Persian army for many months. The attack upon it was a hp at unjustifiable and cruel aggression, perpetrated and continued notwithstanding the solemn and repeated remon strances of the British envoy at the court of Persia, and after every just and becoming offer of accommodation had been made and rejected. The besieged have behaved with gal. lantry and fortitude worthy of the justice of their cause, and the Governor-General would yet indulge the hope that their heroism may enable them to main a successful defence until succours shall reach them from British India. In the meantime, the ulterior designs of Persia, affecting the in terests of the British government, have been, by a succession of events, more and more openly manifested. The Governor- General has recently ascertained, by an official despatch from Mr. M`Niel, her Majesty's envoy, that his excellency has been compelled, by the refusal of his just demands, and by a systematic course of disrespect adopted towards him by the Persian Government, to quit the Court of the Schab, and to make a public declaration of the cessation of all intercourse between the two governments. The necessity under which Great Britain is placed, of regarding the present advance of the Persian arms into Afghanistan as an act of hostility towards herself, has also been officially communicated to the Schah, under the express order of her Majesty's government. " The Chiefs of Candahar (brothers of bost Mahomed Khan, of Cabal,) have avowed their adherence to the Persian policy, with the same full knowledge of its opposition to the rights and interests of the British nation in India, and to have been openly assisting in the operations against Herat. " In the crisis of affairs consequent upon the retirement of our Envoy from Cabul, the Governor-General felt the im portance of taking immediate measures for arresting the rapid progress of foreign intrigue and aggression towards our own territories. . " His attention was naturally drawn at this conjuncture to the position and claims of Schah Sooja-001-Moolk, a Monarch who, when in power, had cordially acceded to the measures of united resistance to external enmity which were at that time judged necessary by the British Government, and who, on his empire being usurped by its present rulers, had found an honourable asylum in the British dominions. "It bad clearly been ascertained from the information fur nished- by the various officers who have visited Afghanistan, that the Barukzve chiefs, front their disunion and unpopu larity, were ill fitted, under any circumstances, to be useful allies to the British government, and to aid us in our just and necessary measures of national defence. Yet so long as they refrained from proceedings injurious to our interests and se curity, the British government acknowledged and respected their authority. But a different policy appeared to be now more than justified by the conduct of those chiefs, and to be indispensable to our own safety. The welfare of our posses sions in the East requires that we should have on our western frontier an ally who is interested in resisting aggression and establishing tranquillity, in the place of chiefs ranging them selves in subservience to a hostile Power, and seeking to pro mote schemes of conquest and aggrandisement. "After a serious and mature deliberation, the Governor- General was satisfied that pressing necessity, as well as every consideration of policy and justice, warranted us in espousing the cause of Schah Sooja-001-Moolk, whose popularity throughout Afghanistan had been proved to his Lordship by the strong and unanimous testimony of the best authori ties. Having arrived at this determination, the Governor- General was further of opinion that it was just and proper, no less from the position of Maharajah Hunjeet Singh, than from his undeviating friendship towards the British government, that his Highness should have the offer of becoming a party to the contemplated operations. Mr. Macnaghten was ac cordingly deputed in June last to the Court of his Highness, and the result of his mission has been the conclusion of a tri partite treaty by the British government, the Maharajah, and Schap Sooja-001-Moolk, whereby his Highness is guaranteed in his present possessions, and has bound himself to co operate for the restoration of the Schah to the throne of his ancestors. The friends and enemies of any of the contract ing parties have been declared to he the friends and enemies of all. Various points have been adjusted, which had been the subject of discussion between the British government and his Highness the Maharajah, the identity of whose interests with those of the Hon. Company has now been made apparent to ail the surrounding States. A guaranteed independence will,upon favourable conditions, be tendered to the Ameers of Sinde; and the integrity of Herat, in the possession of its present ruler, will be fully respected; whilst by the measures com pleted, or in progress, it may reasonably be hoped that the general freedom and security of commerce will be promoted; that the name and just influence of the British Government will gain their proper footing among the nations of central Asia; that tranquillity will be established upon the most int poitant frontier of India, and that a lasting barrier will be raised against hostile intrigue and encroachment. " His Majesty Schub Soojah-001-Moolk will enter Afghan istan surrounded by his own troops, and will be supported against foreign interference and factious oppositio❑ by a British army. The Governor-General confidently hopes that the Schuh will be speedily re-placed on his throne by his own subjects and adherents, and when once he shall be se cured in power, and the independence and integrity of Af ghanistan established, the British army will be withdrawn. The Governor-General has been led to these measures by the duty which is imposed on him of providing for the secu rity of the British Crown ; but he rejoices that in the dis charge of his duty he will be enabled to assist in restoring the union and prosperity of the Afghan people. Throughout the approaching operations British influence will be sedu lously employed to further every measure of general benefit, to reconcile differences, to secure oblivion of injuries, and to put an end to the distinctions by which for so many years the welfareand happiness of the Afghans have been impaired. Even to the chiefs whose hostile proceedings have given just cause of offence to the British Government it will seek to se cure iiheral and honourable treatment, on their tendering early submission, and ceasing front opposition to that course of measures which may be judged the most suitable for the general advantage of their country. "By order of the Bight Hon. the Governor-General of India " W. H. MACNAGHTEN, "Secretary to the Government of India, with the Goyernor-General." "NOTIFICATION. "With reference to the preceding declaration the follow ing appointments are made:— "Mr. W. H. Macnaghten, secretary to government, will assume the functions of Envoy and Minister on the part of the government of India at the Court of Schah Sooja-00l- Moolk; Mr. Macnaghten will be assisted by the following officers : "Captain Alexander Burnes, of the Bombay establish ment, who will he employed, under Mr. Macuagliten's direc tion, as Envoy to the Chief of Kelet or other states. " Lieutenant E. D'Arcy Todd, of the Bengal Artillery, to he political assistant and military secretary to the Envoy and Minister. "Lieutenant Eldred Pottinger, of the Bombay Artillery, Lieutenant R. Leech, of the Bombay Engineers, Mr. P. B. Lord, of the Bombay Medical Establishment, to be political assistants to ditto. " Lieutenant E. R. Conolly, of the 6th Regiment Bengal Cavalry, to command the escort of the Envoy and Ministet, and to be military assistant to ditto, ditto. "Mr. G. J. Berwick, of the Bengal Medical establishment, to be surgeon to ditto, ditto. "W. H. MACNAGHTEN, "Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor General." • In addition to the above able document, which scarcely admits of abridgment, we find in the Standard of Saturday, the following extracts, furnished by the editor of the United Service Journal: — (From the Bombay Gazette of Oct. 15.) The Aura Pc War of the - 4lth inst. Mentions, as the latest intelligence connected with the• expedition to Cabool, that our division of the force for foreign service will proceed up the Indus under Sir John Keane, and join the Bengal troops at Shikarpoor. The utmost harmony is said to prevail at present between the Governor General and Sir Henry Fane, but its continuance cannot long be depended upon, from the diversity of their tempers, the one being represented as rather obstinate, the other a leetle hasty in his decisions, as well as hot in his temper. The army when assembled will proceed in two columns through Beloochistan and Candahar, but its final destination is yet unknown, and, as it is supposed, will depend upon the next dispatches from home. The whole . force, however, regular and irregular, are to be at Feroze pore on the Sutledge by the 27th proximo, from %%hence his lordship proceeds to Lahore to meet ltunjeet Singh. After this meeting, the Commander.in-Chiel will review all the troops ititenited for the expedition into Afghanistan. Her Uokeito mth- Light infotry drt3 ordopq 404 for snort tiatti dut.y, . The price of provisions had considerably risen in the north western provinces, in consequence of the exertions of the Commissariat, in collecting supplies i❑ a country in which a scarcity of grain had previously existed. Subordinates have been sent into the Punjub to raise 1000 camels fur the public service. From the same authority we learn that considerable disaffection exists upon the north-western frontier; and many natives, impressed with an idea front seeing the removal of the several battalions, that the Feringees are about to quit the country altogether, seemed prepared for any outbreak. The British resident up to the 191 h ult. had not left Kat mandhoo, and was on the most friendly terms with the Nepaulese government. An army of observation under the command of General Oglander is about to be stationed on the 'farce frontier, and Kummon placed in a state of complete defence. (From the Bombay Gazette of Oct. 19.) We learn upon good authority that a force of 6000 men will be dispatched to the south of Persia so soon as the ne cessary materiel can be collected, but the regiments likely to be sent from Bombay are not yet known. Ail her Majesty's vessels of war in India are ordered here, and the Ceylon go vernments have received instructions to furnish two regiments of European infantry and a large detachment of Ceylon Rifles to aid in the approaching contest. The object of this expedition will be to press upon the rear of the Persian army so as to compel them to withdraw from before Herat. Those skilled in the secrets of diplomacy say that Timour Meerza will be proclaimed King of Persia should such a measure be found expedient: (From the Bombay Gazette of' Oct. 22 ) On Saturday last a snake-boat, to be manned w►th 28 oars, was finished in the Fort Duck-yard. She is 80 feet in length, and has a cabin beautifully decorated and fitted up with yellow damask and silver. Her external ornaments are composed of greets and gold. She is intended as a present from the British government to Runjeet Sing, and was open for the inspection of the curious on Saturday, when she was visited by the Governor and his family. (From the Bombay Gazette of Oct. 29.) We understand that the greater part, if not all, of the troops destined for service in Affghanistan, from this presidency, will commence moving on the 15th ►nst. The commander in -chief, it is expected, will take his departure early next month. We suppose he will proceed in a steamer, if one can be available at the time, probably in the Atalanta, which vessel may be expected about the 12th. (From the Bombay Gazelle of Oct. 31.) We have reason to believe that the following is a correct list of appointments in the Sinde Army, which will appear immediately in orders. GENERAL STAFF. His Excellency Lieutenant-General Sir John Keane, K.C.B, G.C.H., Commander-in-Chief. Lieutenant-Colonel R. Macdonald, K.H., Military Secre tary and Aid-de-Camp. Captain Keane, Aide-de-Camp. Captain Powell, do. Assistant Surgeon liooke, Personal Surgeon. Major James Keith, Deputy Adjutant-General. Captain Hagan, Assistant do. Major N. Campbell, Quartermaster-General. Lieut. Ramsey, Assistant do. Captain D. Davidson, Deputy Commissary-General. Lieut. Bate, Assistant do. Lieut. Thresie and Lieut. Stockley, Sub-Assistant do. Lieut. A. P. Hogg, Charge of Bazaars. Capt. Swanson, Paymaster. Capt. E. Bulkeley. Deputy Judge Advocate General. Lieut. Crawford, 3d liegt. N. I. Baggage Master. .• Dr. It. H. Kennedy, Superintendent Surgeon. Assistant Surgeon Don, Deputy Medical Storekeeper. The Rev. Mr. Pigott, Chaplain. FIRST BRIGADE OF INFANTRY. Major-General Wiltshire, C. 8., Commanding. Capt. M. Wyllie, Brigade Major. 2d or Queen's Royals, Colonel Baumgardt. Ist Grenadier Regiment, Major T. A. Billamore. sth Regiment, N. 1., Major G. B. Atchison. SECOND BRIGADE OF INFANTRY. Brigadier W. Gordon, Commanding. Capt. Clibborn, Brigade Major. H. M. 17th Foot, Lieutenant Colonel Croker. Light Infantry, 19th Regiment N. 1., Major Stalker. 23d Regiment N. 1., Major Wilson. BRIGADE OF ARTILLERY. Brigadier Stephenson, Commanding Horse Artillery. Capt. W, Cohlan, Brigade Major. 3d Troop, Horse Artillery, Captain Martin. 4th do. do. do. Captain Leeson. Ist Company, 2nd Battn. Foot do , Capt. Pondardent. 2nd do. do. do. Capt. T. Lloyd. BRIGADE OF CAVALRY. Brigadier Scott, Commanding H. M. 4th Light Dragoons. Captain Gillespie, 4th Light Dragoons, Brigade Major. 2nd Squadron, 4th Light Dra,goous, Major Daly. Ist Regiment Light Cavalry, Lieut. Col. Sandwith. ENGINEERS. Engineer Corps, Captain Peat, Chief Engineer. Two Field Engineers. Captain Oliver, R N., the Superintendent of the Indian Navy at Bombay, has given much offence by certain orders felt as insulting by the officers of the dock-yard. We under stand they have been disallowed by the government, and the recal or removal of Captain Oliver is spoken of as not im probable. JAMAICA.-By the Lord Melville, we have received our ❑sual files of Jamaica papers to the 13th ultimo, inclusive. From these papers it appears that the House of Assembly met on the 3d of November, pur suant to the governor's proclamation, and, after the usual formalities, proceeded to business. The speech delivered on the occasion by the governor, together with the reply of the House, we have already given in the STANDARD. As our readers may remember, the speech was referred to a committee for considera tion. After adjourning for half an hour the House again resumed, when the following report was read and agreed to, with only three dissentient voices:— May it please your Excellency, We thank your Excellency for your speech at the open ing or the session. "We feel, in common with your Excellency, the emer gency in which the country may be placed by the expiration of the annual laws, and we also are well aware of the neces sity which in our present state of society exists, that laws for the prevention of vagrancy—for regulating the relative tights and duties of masters and servants—for determining the qualification of electors—for the regulation of the mi litia—and for preventing the unauthorised occupation of lands, should be enacted, but we ate keenly alive to the fact, that our legislative rights have been violated ; and so long as these rights continue to be invaded, we feel ourselves com pelled to adhere to our resolutions of last session." At half-past five o'clock the House waited on his Excel lency, and presented the same, when his Excellency was pleased to make the following reply : " Mr. Speaker, and Gentlem en o - fthe House of Assembly, " It is always my duty, and no less my inclination, to re ceive every communication fruits you with sincere respect; but I must express my regret at your reply to the speech with which 1 opened the present session." Immediately after this address was read at the table the Provost Marshal-General appeared at the bar, and summoned the House to attend in the Council Cham ber, when his Excellency was pleased to dissolve the House in the following speech : " Gentlemen of the Council, " Mr. Speaker, and Gentlemen of the Assembly, " It is with unfeigned regret I have to inform von, that although the House of Assembly have acknowledged the 'emergency in which the country may he placed by the expi ration of the annual laws, and have expressed themselves aware of he necessity which, in the present state of society, exists for the enactment of laws providing for those impor tant objects which I pressed on your attention at the opening of this session ; that body still adheres to the determination which compelled me to bring the last session to a close. " So little can I reconcile this determination with the true interests of the colony, and hopeless as I ant of any change in the sentiments of the present representatives of the people, I have reluctantly resolved on taking the sense of the con stituency, and, therefore, in the exercise of the prerogative vested in me, I do now, i❑ her Majesty's name, dissolve this General Assembly, and it is hereby dissolved accordingly." This extraordinary and summary proceeding neces sarily gave rise to much angry discussion in the various public journals. In order to place our readers in pos session of the sentiments with which Sir Lionel Smith's conduct was regarded in Jamaica, we transcribe a few passages from the papers which have reached us, re serving our own comments for a future occasion. As the present state of affairs in Jamaica must necessarily give rise to much discussion in parliament, we shall feel called upon frequently to recur to the subject. The Jamaica Despatch, while commenting upon the summary dismissal of the House of Assembly, indulges in the following remarks :—" The above will engage the first attention of our readers, and very justly so, because the determination of the Assembly to maintain the privileges of the people, will acquire the support and applauSe of the whole country. And if his Excellency the Governor for a moment imagines that he will succeed in packing a house, who will an swer to his beck and call, he will find himself grossly deceived. However, it is reported that his excellency is only awaiting for the naming of his successor to take his departure from our shores—in which case we may safely congratulate his Excellency upon relieving himself of a responsibility he was incapable of bearing, and had not the strength of mind to encounter. How ever, passing by his Excellency's incapacity to govern, we feel it to be our duty towards the popular branch of the legislature to hurl back upon the government the charge that they have acted in a way calculated to un settle society. The paid agents have done every thing in their power to keep up agitation, for the pur pose of bewildering the country, and excusing on the part of the government the retention in office of Sti pendiary Magistrates, the Governor of the Colony has countenanced bodies of armed men, contrary to the terms of the general commissions of Judges, and which hi Secretary was so particular in impressing upon the minds of the Stipendiary Magistrates. All these, and a hundred other things, the Governor and his agents have done; and it is too bad that the Governor should now charge upon the Assembly that which he, his Se cretaries, his Agents, and Justices sworn to administer the law impartially, have been instrumental in effect ing. It is too bad to taunt and twit the Assembly about measures which they themselves have proposed for the government of the island and the better pro tection of life and property, and which have been in variably disallowed upon representations from the island of Jamaica, and which were possibly made by parties connected with Sir Lionel Smith's govern ment." The claims of the colonists for "justice to Jamaica" are very forcibly stated in the following article from the Despatch of the 13th tilt, IVe submit it to the consideration of every Englishman, in the oonfidnnt perstlasigg t44-t the people of this maitry will rePpoPd to its appeal, however indifferent or indisposed the de graded ministers of the clay may be on this momentous subject. The time is not far distant when the eyes of the British people will be opened to the enormous op pression practised towards the loyal inhabitants of our West Indian colonies. But to proceed with our ex tracts from the Despatch— The people of Jamaica (of all classes) having obtained the common franchises, they will insist upon their free enjoy ment. But as franchises in the Island of Jamaica have nut even yet been properly exercised—as the British Government have shewn a desire to tantalize, viz., to give privileges for the pleasure of destroying, the people of Jamaica will no longer be trifled with—therefore they demand the erection of those barriers which will protect the enjovi:lent of rights to which they are now clearly entitled. And the first they demand is, A Legislative Council. We do not deny the right of Government to A Privy Council. But let us know of whom that Privy Council consists, in order that we may hold them responsible for the advice they give the Governor of the Colony. The green can do no wrong. Her Majesty's Vice-Itoy must be equally held re sponsible in the persons of her Ministers, for wrong Counsel, or for the execution of measures calculated to destroy the agriculture of the Island, from which the revenue is derived, and the coffers of the empire enriched! Sir Lionel Smith, and nit predecessors, having destroyed the influence of Government in the Itssembly,—the second branch of the Legislature, the Council of the Island being subservient to the Government, which is directed and con trouled at home by the pressure from without—in other words, the office of Downing-street, being regulated by the Mob which besieges its door —or, a seat of the Council being al ready open to the highest and best bidder, as the Blue nib bon, in the case of Lord Seaford,—our constitution has in its essential features become democratic. The government of England, from the system they have adopted, and are now pursuing, is fast verging to republica nism, and exciting the contempt of every man who, by perse verance and industry, by skill, courage, and intrepidity—by years of trial and struggle, have advanced themselves to wealth, rank, honour, and distinction !—But every paltry voter, intriguant and courtier, can secure distinction in these degenerate days, which, in former times, would have required years of study, add of practice in science, and in sear and belles letters, trouble, toil, triumph, and glory ! ! In Jamaica, the principles which regulate the mind and conduct of Englishmen, triumph. Under every vicissitude, the monarchy has proved the security, the happiness, and the growing prosperity of the nation. Now that it has arrived at the highest pitch of wealth and glory, puny senators have contrived to undermine their constitution, and first wish to experimentalize in the colonies, to see and feel whether a REPUBLICAN form of government will succeed! Here is the grand error :—the physical force of the colonies hate republicanism as they view it in America; for in Ame rica the prejudice of colour is tenfold stronger than in the British Colonial Empire. And now we prove the error. The people of the Island of Jamaica struggled for a par ticipation in the Constitution as they found it exercised by white men, Governor, Council, and Assembly ! In the struggle they were assisted by the Wilberforces, Lushingtons, Buxtous, and 111`Cauleys; eventually they succeeded, and the very moment that they find themselves in the possession and enjoyment of all the privileges to which they aspired, an exertion is used to destroy them, and to fetter the minds and deliberate judgment of the Island—in other words, to enslave the free born as well as newly made free men. THE STANDARD OF CONSTITUTIONAL FREEDOM having been raised, is it likely that any community of intelligence and independence will allow it to be struck down remorse lessly ? We leave the question to be answered by Britons ! Believing that the question will be answered in the affirma tive, then we assert that Sir Lionel Smith and his predeces sors have betrayed their trust—we mean the exercise of our rights, guaranteed by charter, by British faith and honour, because, in leaving Albion's shores, we left not British rights behind; and being unrepresented in Great Britain, we were entitled to local representation in the colonies! Sir Lionel Smith has struck at the monarchy of Great Britain, through the colonies. Jamaica is a miniature of Great Britain ; therefore, if our monarchical system is to be destroyed, the blow will next be aimed at Englishmen's rights ! Sir Lionel Smith had a Treasury Bench in the Asssemblv —the Custodes and Majors-General. Instead of submitting to this influence, and supporting . the views of Government thereby, instead of strengthening it by all means in his power, these officers have been rendered contemptible, placed on a footing with constables, and rendered unworthy of holding office. The consequence is, the influence of Government has been reduced and rendered equally contemptible. Instead of redeeming the mistake, the object seems now to be to pitch fork into the House common secretaries, in order that Govern ment should have a mouth-piece! Alas! that an all-powerful Government and omnipotent Parliament should be thrown upon such miserable shifts! We therefore charge the government of Great Britain with the endeavour of introducing a REPUPLICAN form of govern ment. They have by extraneous influence, their counten ance to anti-slavery and Exeter Hall institutions, their Lush ingtons, Buxtons, Sturges, Scobles, &c. &c., succeeded in in troducing into our Legislative Assembly common secretaries, lacqueys, spies, and also rag-sellers. And now that they have done all this, they desire to rule us by proclamations dictated by mobs in England, denying us local representa tion as well as proper representation in the Imperial Parlia ment. This we will never submit to; they may attempt it, but they, never shall collect the taxes but with our free consent! Sir Lionel Smith may dream that we are now unnecesarily severe; but we have not forgotte❑ his words to the Custos of Port Royal, and to a late receiver, appointed by Lord Sligo, that in the event of a dissolution they should be ejected, and a second dissolution would render the Assembly purely de mocratic! Such, then, being Sir Lionel's express declara tion, we no longer act upon the defensive, but on the offensive! In the name and behalf of an oppressed people, we de mand a LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL—men selected from our soil. Sir Lionel Smith (the Agent of Government) has attempted to infuse into the popular branch an exclusive de mocracy, where the rights of property, the aristocracy, can expect no support, no shelter. We were always opposed to such a principle of exclusion. Sir L. Smith has advanced it, and therefore, regarding alike the interests of all classes, we call for A LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, where the interests of the Crown and the aristocracy, as well as the just prerogatives of both shall be fairly and equitably represented, and where the just balance of the Constitution shall receive its equipoise. Next, we demand— A PRIVY COUNCIL, which shall be responsible for their advice to the Governor—. for at present everything is so ill regulated with regard to the Government, such liberties are taken with our institutions and properties by irresponsible parties, over whom a shield is thrown, that we know not whom to seize as the aggressors, and punish for their outrages. Requiring, therefore, some thing tangible—a responsible for an irresponsible power—we demand a Privy (besides a Legislative) Council, but separate and distinct from each other !! Want of space precludes us from proceeding any further this day with our extracts. We shall, there fore, merely add for the present, that the conduct of the Governor is viewed in the same light by the other journals, in which there appear also strong remon strances on behalf of the independent members of the House of Assembly, whose spirited conduct and con stitutional bearing seems to have elicited almost uni versal approbation. It is confidently anticipated that the members of the next house will be still more unan imous in their determination to stand forward boldly in defence of their country and their rights. THE UNITED STATES.—We learn that the Indepen dence, which sailed from New York on the Bth inst., arrived late last night, but as, we did not receive our papers before going to press, we are unable to give any later news than that brought by the Liverpool. Several original articles are inevitably postponed in consequence of the extent of our correspondence, and a press of advertising favours. NEW POSTOFFICE. In order to'remove an erroneous impresssian which many entertain, that there has been some delay on the part of the Postoffice Department in preparing for removal into the new offices in Revenue-buildings. we are authorised by the Post master to state, that on the 27th of last month, the following order from the Architect of the Corporation to the Clerk of the Works, was placed in Mr. Banning's hands by Mr. Foster: " Hanover-street, 27th of Nov., 1838. " have to desire you will give to Mr. Banning the entire possession of the Postoffice department in the Revenue buildings, and remove all the workmen at present employed therein. Your obedient servant, (Signed) " JOHN FOSTER. " Mr. Argent." In consequence of this order, Mr. Argent called upon Mr. Banning on the 29th of November, and delivered to him the keys, informing him that he had removed from the Post office Apartment all the workmen, and their work, (which they were preparing for the long-room of the Custom-house,) and that Mr. Banning had fr•on that time sole possession of the New Postoflice, with the exception of the principal entrance and lobby on the cast side, which would continue to be used by the Excise department till their own entrance was completed, which he supposed might be ready in about two months. On the following day Mr. Banning gave the keys to the workmen, with whom the Postoffice department had agreed for the fittings and furniture of the new offices, who imme diately commenced their operations, the authority of the Lords of the Treasury having been previously received. Those who suppose that there has been any want of dispo sition on the part of the Postoffice department to prepare the new offices for occupation without delay, will be glad to see that their apprehensions are totally unfounded.—Chronicle. CHRISTMAS DAY. Come, come, thou adorable Saviour!— Come, visit this cold world of ours!— Come, lend us thy aid and thy favour Come, vanquish darkness' fell pow'rs! Once, veil'd in the mantle of nature, Thou, God ! in humility came!— God man! thou wast born of a creature!— Son of God—Son of Man is thy name! Oh! well might the angels, in wonder, Survey thy ineffable love; Rend heaven and thy bosom asunder, That man might be meet for above! Lord of Lords—on earth in a manger!— Kings' King—without sceptre or crown!— Herds, their flocks guarding nightly from danger, Humbly greeted thy first advent down. Where, where is our low adoration ? Where, where our frankincense and myrrh?— Oh ! where is our golden oblation, On Jesus, our King, to confer? Oh! give me a heart to adore thee, And hasten thy advent in might; Make many a heart thy bright throne be, While thy enemies quail from thy sight. W. A. H. A PRODUCTIVE SUBJECT.—There is now living in Staith waite, near Huddersfield, a man of the name of Thomas Crowther, aged 75,wh0 stands in the relation of father, grand father, and great-grandfather to 12:5 individuals. He has been married twice, and bad ten children by his first wife and thirteen by his second. These have carried out the principle so far, as to have supplied him with no less than 94 grand children; who, in their turn, have already introduced to him several great-grand-children, If the old man should live 20 years longer (which he seems likely enough to do) he may have tip plf.asim 9r Fo Ong is grapdsolec rapapp kueot LOCAL NEWS. Fashionable arrivals at the Grand Junction Hotel :—Lord Temp!more, the Hon. Augustus Chichester, Major Wilson, Lady Crofton, W. Blake, Esq., W. H. Dease and family, Lyon Stephens, Esq., H. Hudson, Esq., Mrs. H. E. Jones and family, Mr. and Mrs. Fitzgerald, the Rev. H. Johnson, John Stephenson, Esq., H. Mayne, Esq., J. W. Empson, Esq., Mr. and Mrs. Smelt and family, Mr. Buckmaster, W. W. Gray, Esq., E. Loughton, Esq., W. M'Duwal, Esq., Mr. and Mrs. Young and suite, H. Thomason, Esq., Mr. and Mrs. Leary, Captain Cousins, Captain Williams, F. Barti vallo, H. Temple, Esq., Colonel Staunton, Lady Mauvers, Sir George Cornwall, Bart., Mr. James Hart. CATHOLIC BA LL.--We understand that the annual Catholic charity ball is fixed for Monday, the 11th Feb. THE. CANADIAN PIIISONERS.—TherISOIIen from Canada, an account of whose arrival at this port we gave last week, still remain at the Borough Gaol, no orders having been re ceived for their removal. STEAM TO THE WEST INDIES.—We are glad to find that a meeting of the principal West India merchants has been held, at which a provisional committee was appointed, in order to take measures for forming a joint stock company, far the purpose of opening a communication between this poi t and the West Indies by steam-vessels. We hope we shall soon have the pleasure of printing the prospectus. MASONIC FUNERAL.—On Thursday, the remains of Mr. Samuel Astles, spirit merchant, Warrington, were removed from his late residence for interment in the family grave at Overton church. The deceased was secretary to the free masons' lodge held at Warrington, and his brother ma sons, in order to shew their respect to his memory, escorted the funeral procession as far as Wilderspool. Sr. DAVID'S CHURCH.—On Sunday last, a sermon was preached in this church, in the Welsh language, by the Rev. Robert Davies, in his well-known eloquent style, from the 6th verse of the 14th chapter of Revelations, after which a collec tion, amounting to 4s, was made in aid of the mission for promulgating the Gospel in foreign parts. The singers com posing the Welsh choir, who render their services gratuitously, requested that the plate should be handed round the orchestra, and, much to their credit, each contributed his mite. —Corres ponden f of the Mercury. THE WORK HOUSE.—We understand that Mr. Charles Cot tingham, bookkeeper at the Liverpool Workhouse during upwards of five years, has been appointed to the governorship of the workhouse belonging to the Stoke•upon-Trent Union, near Newcastle, and that Mrs. Cottinghatn has been appointed matron to the same establishment. There were fifty appli cations fur the situation which Mr. Cottinghain has ob tained. LIVERPOOL POLYTECIINIC SOCIETY.—We are ham to see by a circular that this society is now in a promising way, and will be fully organised on Wednesday week, when a meeting will be held for the purpose of electing a committee and other officers. Its object is to afford encouragement to original inventions and improvements in the mechanical arts, by premiums, and the co-operation of the society. In this useful object, many of the leading and most intelligent gentlemen of Liverpool have already lent their aid, and we hope their example will be yet more extensively followed. MAKING SURE.—Last week, Mr. Davis, brazier, of War rington, became bail for the appearance of Joseph Cooper, one of his apprentices, to answer a charge of felony at the next Kirkdale sessions. The apprentice did not return to his work, and Mr. Davis, thinking " a bird in hand worth two in the bush," wisely caused his apprentice to be apprehended on the charge of neglecting his work, and he berng brought before the magistrates on Monday, he was sent to Kirkdale, there to be kept to hard labour, until after the sessions week. THE NEWLY SOWN WHEAT.—There is a great quantity of the newly sown wheat above the ground in this neighbour hood, most of which is looking very well, especially o❑ the light open soils about West Derby, Childwall, &c. Many of the good farmers near Liverpool seem to understand the im portance of early sowing, though throughout Lancashire and Cheshire generally there is much less attention paid to it than there ought to be. LIVER THEATRE.—This favourite theatre will open for the season to-morrow evening, with a strong company and seve ral dramatic novelties. Mrs. Waylett, one of the most fascinating actresses of the present day, has been engaged " for a limited number of nights," and will appear in two popular pieces. She is also announced to sing several of those delightful melodies for which she is so famous. The entertainments will be altogether of a most attractive de scription, the pieces embracing, with the exception of Mrs. Raymond, the whole talent of the company. The managers have commenced their winter campaign with spirit. RUNCORS.—We understand that a school-house is about to be erected in Runcorn, which is to be used during the week as an Infant School, and on Sunday as a Sunday School, in connection with Trinity Church; and it affords us the most unfeigned pleasure in being enabled to state ' that Lady Francis Egerton has placed at the disposal of the Rev. John Davies, A.M., the minister of Trinity Church, the very mu nificent sum of £4OO towards the erection of the proposed school-room, and has further promised an annual subscription of ten pounds towards the support of the master, provided the system taught at the school meets with her ladyship's approbation. DEATH FROM BURNING.—On Friday last, an inquest was held on the body of Jane M`Lean, a girl, thirteen years of age, who lived servant with Mrs. Marks, Old Hall-street The house in which Mrs. Marks resides is also occupied by Mr. Johnson, chemist and druggist. On the evening of Wednesday last, Mr. Johnson's son, while in the shop, heard some one scream; he ran out of the shop into the parlour, and through the door of the parlour communicating with the landing. He threw the girl down, and put th e f oo t ma t on calling, at the same time for ass istance. J. R ogers, a sailor, who lives in the vicinity, burst the street door open, and dragged the girl into the street ; he covered her with his coat, and succeeded in extinguishing the flames. The girl was taken to the Northern Hospital, and died the same night. How the fire originated did not transpire. A verdict in ac cordance with the evidence was returned. On the same day, an inquest was held on the body of a girl named Mary Lid vatt, ten years of age, who also died from the effects of burn ing. She lived with her parents in a cellar in Highfield street. Verdict, accidental death. THE MECHANICS' INSTITUTION.—The schools of this ad mirable institution are in a state of exceeding prosperity• They are to be re-opened, after the Christmas Holydays, on the 2d January. Both the Higher and Lower Day School are under the superintendence of the most able masters, gen tlemen of high attainments in classical and English litera ture, mathematics, philosophy, langua ge s, an d th e ar t s .'? Th e evening schools offer immense advantages cf instruction in every department of literature, science, and art, on terms that are within the reach of almost every individual in the com munity. The library now comprises three thousand volumes, and a fine museum, a sculpture gallery, and a gallery of prac tical science will shortly be opened for the use of the mem bers. The public lectures, we perceive, are to commence on the 21st of January next. Several sets, on highly interesting and important subjects, will be delivered in the course of the next year.—Albion. RATING OF AN OCCUPATION AT CHAT MOSS.—At War rington petty sessions, on Wednesday, Mr. Pachett, of Man chester, appealed against a rate laid upon a railway or tram road on Chat Moss, in his occupation, made for the relief of the poor of the township of Astley. Mr. Nicholson, who ap peared for the appellant, stated that Mr. Pachett, and some other gentlemen from Manchester, had embarked in the spe. culatiun of retrieving the moss lands on Chat Moss, and with a view to facilitate their farming operations, a tram road had been formed from the line of the Liverpool and Manchester railway, through their several occupations, without which, it would be almost impossible for a sheep to trot over the moss, and for this railway, the township had rated him at £39. 19s. Mr. Hall enquired whether any toll had been demanded or taken? Mr. Patchett replied that no toll had been contem plated, and not a farthing had been taken. The road was kept strictly private; and was once a year closed, to prevent its being claimed a public road. Mr. Holden, the solicitor for the respondents, submitted that in this case the magistrates had no jurisdiction, as it was a question for the consideration of the quarter sessions, as to whether the property was rate able or not; the magistrate had onlythe power to fix the rate able value. Mr. Lyon, and the other magistrates, concurred in this opinion, and recommended the appellant to go to the quarter sessions, and appeal against the rate altogether. TOWNSHIP OF LITHERLAND.—A meeting took place, on Wednesday last, on the banks of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, at which were present the Earl of Sefton, Mr. C. Birch, the newly-appointed Magistrate of the county, the Rev. Win. Itowson, Mr. Stanley, the Surveyor of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal Com Pally, Mr. Williams, (son of Col. Williams,) as engineer on the part of the township, Mr. Hall, his lordship's agent, Mr. Tyrer, Mr. C. Lowe, and variogs of the neighbouring gentry and farmers, when the intended plan of a diversion in the road, under the authority of an act of Parliament, was approved of; his lordship generously giving the land required, and the company, with equal liberality, undertakes, by their surveyor, to build a handsome stone bridge, provided the trustees of the road, about to be con structed under the intended turnpike act, would make the approaches. A greater benefit cannot be conferred on the neighbourhood then the co:npletion of this long-wished-for bridge: we sincerely trust, under the authority of trust such as is contemplated, to see it carried vigorously into effect. THEATRE-ROYAL.—Our theatre closed a most successful season on Friday evening, with the benefit of Mrs. Clarke. The estimation in which this lady is held was, we are glad to say, indicated by an overflowing house, the greatest, indeed, of the season, amounting to, we believe, no less than £250. Of Mrs. Clarke's abilities in her peculiar line of characters we have often had occasion to speak, but perhaps never was enconium, however deserved, less needed than now, after the handsome tribute just paid to her merits. The performances were Sheridan Knowles's new play of the Maid of Marein dorpt, followed by a concert, performances on the tight rope by Mons. Pledge and his sons, which were very highly ap plauded, and a new drains, founded on the story of Nicholas Nickleby. We need nut add that the parts were all ably sustained, and elicited loud ►narks of approbation. THE DISTRICT PROVIDENT SOCIETY.—This invaluable society has recently received some handsome donations to enable it to meet the heavy demands on its funds occasioned by the severity of the winter and the high price of all the necesssries of life. Mr. Charles Tayleur has sent it the liberal sum of £lOO, his Worship the Mayor £5O, in his offi cial capacity, and £2O in his private; Mr. Joseph Hornby £2O, Mr. James Hevworth £25, Mr. J. Cropper £2O, the late Ralph Peters £25, and Mr. Adam Hodgson has paid over to the society being part of the surplus of the coronation fund. Several other sums have also been re ceived. This society never gives without previously ascer taining the worthiness of the objects relieved, and conse quently £1 placed at its disposal will generally do inure good than £lO expended in indiscriminate almsgiving. SAD ACCIDENT.—Last week, a poor woman, a pauper lu natic with lucid intervals, confined in Sutton workhouse, one of the establishments of the Prescot union, attempted to make her escape, and with that view scaled the wall sepa rating the workhouse from the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. She was found lying on the rails with one of her hands nearly severed from the arm by a locomotive engine, and otherwise so seriously injured as to render her recovery a matter of great doubt. The hand has been amputated at the wrist joint. THE TELEGRAPH.—Sir William Follett has given bis opinion on the case submitted to him by the mercantile asso ciations, that the Telegraph Establishment ought to be main tained altogether at the expense of the Dock Estate; that the object contemplated by the act, authorising its erection, was the speedily communicating to merchants and shipown ers the arrival of ships off the port; that they have a right to require such communication to be made to them as heretofore; and that any shipowner, whose vessels may be struck off the Telegraph list, and, consequently, not reported. may apply to the Queen's Bench for a mandamus. We understand that the opinion has been sent to the Dock Committee, who are deliberating upon it.—Albion. THE ARMY.—On Thursday evening four troops of the 2nd Dragoon Guards arrived here by the City of Dublin Com pany's steamers, from Dublin, en route for Manchester. The weather being extremely tempestuous, no less than eleven of the horses were killed during the voyage, and about thirty more were lamed. They landed on Friday, and were quartered temporarily in the barracks, New Haymarket. The troops which have arrived are under the command of Captain Campbell; and the remainder of the regiment, under the command of Colonel Kearney, will follow in a day or two. The regiment is to be stationed in the manufacturing districts. where apprehensions are felt for the movements of the torchlight men. EXTENSIVE FA I LURE.—An extensive calico-printing esta blishment in Manchester has suspended its payments, whose engagements are said to exceed £90,000. The assets are un derstood to be considerable. NUMEROUS PROGENY.—Mr. Joseph \ hiteside, who died at Lytham on the 13th instant, in his 78th year, has•left a _family of floconcinots to the third generation, of ong4nodrad 444 twenty-ttiOt nnnlbor,—Prest CORRESPONDENCE. THE "CHURCHMAN" OF THE ALBION. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL ST.4IVD.IRD. SIR,--1 learn from your paper of Friday last, that some wiseacre, who calls himself a Churchman, has, through a letter in the Liverpool Albion, recommended our rector to oppose the appointment of Dr. Tattershall, Mr. M`Neile, Mr. Buddicom, Mr. James, &c., to the office of trustees for the intended new churches. 1 have my doubts as to this writer being a Churchman; I rather suspect that he is some disaffected Dissenter, who is decidedly hostile to our church, and who fears such men as those mentioned above. The Dissenters know from experience that just in proportion as faithful ministers are raised up in the Church—men who will preach the everlasting Gospel of the grace of God— declare the whole counsel of God—and proclaim the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth,—in the same proportion will Dissent decrease, the people forsake the meeting-house, and attend the church : therefore they fear such men. If all our clergy had been of the same stamp, dissent never would have had such a footing as it boasts of at present: the people would have been instructed in the principles of the unchanging Word of God, and thus would have been preserved from the dangerous paths of "false doctrines, heiesu and schism." This the Dissenters know: hence their opposition to the faithful clergy. They used to sneer at them, and call them "dumb dogs ;" but now some of these dumb dogs have been aroused, and bark a little too loudly for some of our dissenting dissatilactionists. Consider ing this, Sir. and considering the medium through which " A Churchman" has addressed the Rector, I have no doubt whatever that he is a Dissenter in disguise. Be this as it may, I hope that fit and proper persons will he chosen as trustees, and that the ministers who shall hereafter be appointed to the new churches, will be men of talent, piety, and zeal, —men who have the love of souls at heart, and who will preach the unsearch able riches of Christ,—who will see it to be their duty as well as their privilege to "go out into the highways and hedges, and compel sinners to come in, that God's house may be filled." These are the kind of men that are wanted. But if men are appointed who will "speak smooth," who will "daub the wall with untempered mortar," it will be better never to lay a single stone; but let faithful pastors be ap pointed, then the churches will be filled. Tbe people in structed, and put upon their guard against the cunning craftiness of false teachers, who are lying in wait to deceive sinners, will be converted from the errors of their ways, and God will be glorified, and the new churches will be a lasting blessing to the town. Hoping that such may be the case, I remain, yours, very faithfully, A CHURCHMAN INDEED. Dec. 24. 1838. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. Si n,—ln the police reports contained in your paper on Tues day last, was noticed the examination of a female servant from my establishment on a charge of theft. This report was not observed by me until last night, or I would have earlier no ticed it. The reason of my placing this woman in the hands of the police must be obvious to every head of a family, as to allow such coptinued filching practices to pass unnoticed, is positive encouragement to them. This does not appear, how ever, to be a consideration with our police magistrate, Mr. Hall ; for, although the stolen property was found upon the girl's person after leaving my house and was identified, and could have been sworn to by me, and though willing ►o bear the coarse conduct of such a magistrate myself on public grounds, I was unwilling that my wife should be submitted to such imperious treatment, and the unnecessary inconve nience of attending in a crowded court the following day, for the needless purpose of substantiating what was there and then fully proved. Neither was the policeman who took the girl examined at the time the witnesses present were ques tioned, thus allowing the escape of a delinquent. Although no friend to severity, I would not have society insulted and injured by indiscreet and improper lenity. By inserting the above in your next publication, you will much oblige, Most respectfully, your obedient servant, Dec. 22, 1838. JOHN SIMPSON. THE CANADA FRIENDLY UNION. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. thank you for intimating to the public the object which has brought me once more to England. My testimonials have been examined and approved by ministers of different denominations in this town. If Canada be saved from riot and revolution it must be by giving to all classes of the rising generation the means of education and religious instruction. At present not one third part of the people of Lower Canada can read the Bible, and many of those who have emigrated from Ireland are in the same deplorable condition. An Institution, by the name of "The Friendly Union," has been formed in Canada, whose design is to promote use ful knowledge among all classes of the community. Mr. Kenneth Dowie, Mersey Chambers, and Mr. Thom son, Exchange-court, will receive donations, if any should be disposed to patronize this design. Mr. Marples, in Lord street, and Mr. Perris, in Church-street, will receive books for schools and libraries in Canada connected with this union. I do most sincerely thank those kind benefactors who assisted me on former occasions; and I humbly hope, that my present appeal may not be in vain. I would beg to re mind all who are possessed of wealth, that the Divine Master has promised fourfold to all who may lend to the Lord. That many may grow rich in this way is the prayer of the public's humble servant, F. OSGOOD. THE LIVERPOOL APOTHECARIES' COMPANY. TO 7 HP, EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, Sin,—ln the present day, when public companies are so much the fashion, and men of almost every grade pursue riches with an avidity altogether unworthy of beings destined for immortality,—when the means which are resorted to are, in many instances, not only in direct defiance of every prin ciple of honour and integrity, but altogether alien to that noble spirit of generosity and liberality which of old charac terised the true Englishman, whatever was the nature of his pursuits,---one can scarcely feel surprised that even grave physicians and solemn-looking apothecaries should be some what infected with the malaria, and fall, alas ! but too wil ling victims, like the devoted Indian at the wheels of Jug gernaut, before that mighty god called Mammon, unable to ward off the rankling and insidious venom of covetousness, though such extraordinary magicians in reference to the wholi, vast catalogue of bodily ills. These remarks have been partly induced in consequence of three letters that have appeared in the Standard of this week—one bearing date Dec. 18th, and the others Dec. 21st, signed respectively, " A Physician of the Old School," `• Anti-Cant," and "A Friend to the Apothecaries' Hall." Now, I am not connected by trade, profession, or otherwise, with either the physicians. apothecaries, or druggists of Li verpool; but as one of the public, whose interests this newly begotten company professes so tenderly to regard, I have a right, in common with all, to try the validity of those prin ciples on which it is avowedly based—to test the truth of its allegations—and to accept its professions of disinterestedness and zeal for the public good with the salutary reflection, that there is nothing indigenous to the soil of is physician's or an apothecary's heart, whereby the public may be indemnified from purchasing ought at their hands of a spurious or an adulterated character; or that a body of men, from the sim ple fact of a joint interest, must of necessity be all that is honest, noble, and good—inspired with a most unbounded desire for the public weal ; and an unconquerable disgust to every species of fraud and imposition. If such be the fact, 'tis a discovery in ethics to the honour of which the modern sons of Hippocrates and Esculapius are most indisputably entitled, and some appropriate motto emblazoned on the arias of the Liverpool Apothecaries' Company, might transmit their names in fadeless glory to nations yet unborn; and when the Tailors', the Butchers', the Shoemakers', "the United Metropolitan Baking Hot Muffin and Crumpet" Companies shall be exerting in full vigour their influence over society,—in short, when individual competition shall be extinguished, and the thousand petty streams of fraud and rapacity shall be wholly absorbed by those capacious reservoirs of virtue—public companies, then may the public-spirited advocates of pure drugs, and plenty of them, reap the rich reward of their disinterested efforts to secure the public from the vile practices of such dishonest men as Druggists, and all other tradespeople most undoubt edly are, who do not enrol themselves as part ners i n mono polies, ase in their nature, and in their effects destructive of that free competition which secures to talent and honesty its just remuneration, and which must ever afford the best secu rity from imposition of every kind. For who will lay out his money where heahinks he shall be cheated, or, perhaps poi soned; those who resort to such villanies cannot conceal them for any great length of time; besides, when men find it the best policy to he honest, self-interest is in such a case a more effective guard, then the vaunted honour and patriot ism of even such a noble and disinterested race of men as physicians, surgeons, and apothecaries are most unquestiona bly admitted to be. I readily admit, that the concentrated power of many may accomplish that which the divided efforts of individuals never could. Great national undertakings, requiring unity of de sign and action, enterprises of art and science, requiring a nucleus of power and capital to which sin g l e a nd unorganised supplies of skill, strength, and funds are wholly inadequate, are of this description; and, although even here the motives may be of a mixed character that actuate such a body, their effect upon society is beneficial, inasmuch as they produce with comparative ease those ends which it were vain in indi viduals, as such, to attempt. But this principle can never apply to matters of common traffic, and more than hourly de mand ; and however fair and specious may be the pretence with which any number of individuals may combine to effect a monopoly of any commodity for themselves, depend upon it, that the interest of every tradesman is concerned in coun teracting its mischievous effects; and, if possible, in destroy ing the monster wherever it may appear, regardless of the fascinating shape or syren voice it may assume. It is not to be credited upon the simple dictum of a nest of monopolists that so useful and respectable a body of tradespeo ple as the druggists are known to be throughout the country, are nothing more than a set of cheats and impostors, reckless of the lives of their fellow creatures, prepared from the base motive of gain alone, to administer any noxious stuff that an swers their purpose best, regardless alike of their own repu tation or the sufferings of others. It is said that the druggists are interested in defending themselves. Of course, they are; and not only so, but every class of tradesmen is alike inter ested in resisting the inroads of powerful and unprincipled monopolies upon the rights of individual competition—the only Just and honourable principle for the conduct of trade, and the most powerful security that each can have for the honesty of another. In all trades there are those who sell in ferior articles than others: but the public soon discover where they are best served, and thus a powerful stimulant is furnished to the trailer to produce the best article at a given price. But large companies, by absorbing individual compe tition in the vortex of their own avarice, destroy that ener getic spirit of honest rivalry which at once affords the best security from fraud, and the individual the just reward of his labour. It is therefore the duty, as well as interest, of all those who are engaged in trade, and those who are not, to set their faces against combinations of this description, to discourage, in every legitimate way, such destructive assaults upon the principles of free trade, and to crush, with a strong and de termined hand, every attempt to infringe the rights of the honest trader, although preceded by the attractive flourish of public virtue, disinterestedness, and humanity. I am free to confess, far short as society comes of the stan dard of purity, I am yet unwilling to believe that honesty has been hunted through all the trades of the commonwealth, and has at last found a home and a sanctuary in the enviable pro fession of physic. Assertion, however, is the best proof that impudence usually offers, upon the supposition that it is the most easily received; and therefore no great surprise will accompany the following extracts from the " Prospectus of the Liverpool Apothecaries' Company," dated April 29, " It has been sometime matter of consideration among the medical men of this town, to found an establishment where they could procure drugs and medicines of genuine quality, entirely free from the deleterious adniir tures which they have found so frequently to thwart their skill, and thus to add con siderably to the sufferings and risk of their patients." And again—_ _ _ " It is intended that the drugs shall be selected of first-ra:e quality ONLY. The correctness of the chemical preparations, manufactured on the premises, will also be strictly examined. In fact, no article will be allowed to be sent out UNTIL THE QUALITY BE SANCTIONED AND APPROVED BY A COMMITTEE OF MEDICAL MEN." " Provisions and regulations." " Both the profession and the trade must necessarily derive an undoubted advan tage, in having a wholesale establishment, where the Com pany's CLAIM FOR SUPPORT will be ,founded upon the warranty it will be able to afrd of the GENUINENESS of its s t oc k." " Address o the'Provisional Committee, (Signed) "A, OiLLON, Chairman." c‘ Oh : judgment, tbot; art lied to bruti4 Opasts, B;iti 81 4 14 ii4V9 tott - Olair re4oh'" Such was the exclamation of Mark Antony in Rome's dege nerate days; and surely we may take up our parable, and say, Oh, honesty, thou'st fled to doctor's shops, And druggists may not keep thee ! The druggists are all inhuman rogues ! " The medical men of this town" the most sensitive, sympathising beings upon earth ! Not a quack nor an impostor amongst them ; and were it not for the cupidity of the druggists, such is the sublimity of their skill, that Muspratt might send forth his vitriolic fumes from all the winds of heaven, and the public sewers themselves might be dispensed with, without the slightest danger to the health of any. " One acre of performance," says Lord Bacon,. " is worth the whole land of promise." 'Tis all very well to talk about skill being thwarted—sufferings of patients—and genuine ness of stock; but one fact, which has come under my own observation, may serve to illustrate the great philosopher's aphorism. Several serons of bark, of some thousands of pounds weight, were lately offered for sale in the Liverpool marker, but were rejected by the respectable houses in the trade as a spurious article. It, nevertheless, found pur chasers; but as a great law authority has decided " the greater the truth, the greater the libel," perhaps those sturdy champions for genuine drugs—the doctors—will save me the risk of an action, by informing the public who it was that made the purchase, and where this identical spurious stuff is dispensed, at the moderate profit of full two hundred per cent. Waiting for this disclosure from the members of this imma culate profession, 1 leave the public in the meantime to draw their own conclusions of the characters of such pretenders to disinterested honesty and humanity. OH ! PHYSICIAN-DRUGGISTS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL ST.4.VDARD. SI perceive in your paper of Friday last two letters, in reply to mine which appeared in the Standard of Tuesday, the 17th instant. One is signed " Anti-cant," and the other " A Friend to the Apothecaries' Company." The first is so truly ridiculous that I cannot seriously make any comments on it; but the other renders a few remarks necessary on my part. This gentleman, who professes to be a friend to the Apothecaries' Company, does not contradict what I assert with respect to the apothecary-physicians send ing their patients to the Hall, with a view to their own ad vantage, but attempts to palliate such conduct by denying my position, that the druggists are a respectable body, or have compounded prescriptions to the satisfaction of the pub lic, and makes that the reason why the physicians have gone into the drug trade themselves. So, then, the case is come to this,—they could not trust the druggists to sell drugs, so they opened a shop of their own. What a wretched subter fuge is this ! To attempt to disguise their mercenary motives by throwing obloquy on a respectable body of men, and pre tending that their sole design was to benefit the public! It is bad enough that they descend from their station, and op pose the druggist in his business : but when they endeavour to fix a stain on his character as a tradesman, it is an aggra vation of injury which no one can justly defend. What! are the druggists not respectable? Will any man cast his eyes around Liverpool, and say that the members of that trade are not respectable? But so says the friend. And cannot druggists judge of the quality of drugs ; but must we go to the physician for his opinion ? What have we come to at last ! So then respectability is only to be found in an Apothecaries' Company, whose members profess one hundred different crafts and callings, and the physician, who actually is ignorant of the names of many drugs when he sees them, is the most competent person to give an opinion as to their quality. A physician graduates at the University, attends lectures on anatomy and the practice of medicine, and finally takes his diploma as M.D.; during all this time, he seldom if ever sees the drugs as imported, and yet he is the man we should look to for knowing a good article ! The druggist who has served five years apprenticeship to his trade, and who, perhaps, has been in business thirty years, in the constant habit of purchasing and vending drugs, and who has on his books the names of hundreds of respectable people, who have dealt with him for years, and who have always been satisfied, cannot be trusted to make up medicine. Good heaven ! what absurdity! Allow me to remark that integrity and a high principle of honour are quite as likely to be found amongst chemists and druggists, as in physicians, merchants, brokers, grocers, or any other kind of speculators in apothecary companies' shares; and their knowledge of medicine is quite as much to be relied on as that of such an endless variety of persons ; they themselves confess this, for they employ druggists in all the practical departments of their business, much as they condemn them. Your correspondent mentions certain mal practices which have been proved against druggists; they must have been committed by the lowest members of the trade; there will be some in every trade who act dishonestly, but why should the physicians try to cast a stigma on the whole body for the peccadilloes of a few ? If you carry out this principle, what trade or profession would escape con demnation ! Suppose we were to collect anecdotes of quack ery, and publish them as arguments against the respectable portion of the medical profession, would not that be manifest injustice, and would not that man be despised who should attempt to compromise the whole fraternity for the evil doings of a small section of it? This is the last time I shall trouble you on this subject: I know that when a man holds a number of shares in a joint stock company, he will exert himself to advance its pros perity, and therefore it is no use for me to attempt to dissuade the physician from using his professional influence for the advantage of the Apothecaries Hall, while he has an inte rest in the profits of the concern; at the same time, I con sider that 1 have done my duty in cautioning the public against being made their tools, and hope that if I cannot prevent, I may at least in some measure restrain them from doing that which must degrade them in the estimation of the world.—Yours, &c. A PHYSICIAN OF THE OLD SCHOOL. Dec. 22, 1838. INVITATION TO UNITED PRAYER, FOR THE OUTPOURING OF THE HOLY SPIRIT, ON TUESDAY, IST OF JANUARY, 1839, BEING THE FIRST DAY OF THE NEW YEAR. DEARLY BELOVED IN THE LORD,—It IS with feelings of unfeigned thankfulness to the Giver of all good, that I call your attention to a THIRD GENERAL CONCERT FOR PRAYER, for the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, to be held on the FIRST DAY of the ensuing year, TUESDAY, JAN. Ist, 1839. For the two past years a similar invitation has been given, and by the divine blessing has been accepted by many, very many devoted followers of our Saviour, in different parts of the United Kingdom of England, Scotland and Ireland, and on the Continent of Europe. The purpose of this union is, to bring the true members of the mystical body of Christ into the devout posture of sup pliants before the throne of grace; that whilst assembling in different places, and presenting their prayers according to their accustomed mode of worship, they may " with one mind and one heart" entreat our Heavenly Father, for the sake of his dear son, to vouchsafe an abunt.ant grant of the Holy Spirit in his quickening, enlightening, enlivening, strengthening, consoling, purifying, and sanctifying opera tions—such a grant as may at the same time quicken the dead in sin, enlighten the ignorant, enliven the lukewarm, strengthen the weak and feeble-minded, comfort the afflicted, and purify and sanctify the whule body of Christ. If any should enquire, wherefore are the true followers of Christ so earnest for such a union, I would very respectfully refer them for more detailed proofs to the two previous invitations and to a small pamphlet intituled " Thoughts on the importance of Special Prayer for the general outpouring of the Holy Spirit, of which above 80,000 copies have been printed and circulated, and would at present briefly submit some reasons which manifest the importance of commencing the now ap proaching year in this prayerful spirit. First, then, consider the GRA NDEUR OF THE OBJECT which this union in prayer has in view. It is to hasten forward the glorious purpose of the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, " to gather together in one all things in Christ both whi c h are i n Heaven and in earth: even in Him" so gather together the children of Adam, that, instead of those strifes and divisions and heart-burnings which now, alas ! painfully subsist even among sincere Chris tians, there may be " peace on earth, good will to man, and glory to God in the highest." The family of man may be, as originally formed by God, a family of love ; a family is which His image may be so clearly manifested that all his creatures may know theca during their stay on earth, as " sons and daughters of the Most High ;" still further a family so made meet " for the inheritance of the saints in light," that when " the Lord of glory" shall come to raise the bodies of the departed saints, and to " fashion our vile bodies like to his glorious body," they may stand before the throne and with one voice unite with the " innumerable company of angels" in hallelujahs to God and to the Lamb: and this with bosoms filled with holy love, with eyes sparkling with purest joy, and with lips tuned to the most harmonious melody : a melody which shall never cease, but through the countless ages of eternity still be continued in sweeter and louder notes as fresh manifesta tions of the divine glory shall impart still increasing delight to their souls. This is the grand object of this general concert for prayer, on the first day of the new year. Surely, it is one which will find a response in ever christian heart. To be instru mental to place one redeemed sinner before the throne, or to add one note to the hallelujahs of the saints, would give joy to an angel; how much more to be privileged to hasten tor ward the day, when the whole victorious company of the re deemed "shall sing the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb." Beloved friends, anticipate the day, and with the fervor of the disciple whom Jesus loved, " Even so, come Lord Jesus " Another reason which makes it particularly important that the ensuing year should be commenced in this prayerful spirit is, that the ASPECT OF THE TIMES ESPECIALLY CALLS FOR SUCH AN ONION. Those who examine the past dealings of God with man will perceive that all preceding dispensations have terminated first with a season of mercy, then of judgment, then these judgments followed by still greater mercy. It was thus pre vious to, at, and after the deluge; the destruction of the Ca naanitish nations; the first captivity of Judah in Babylon; and the present dispersion of God's ancient people. At each of these seasons the Lord was pleased to adopt this course. Thus we behold mercy in sending Noah a preacher of right eousness, to warn the antediluvians; judgment in destroying the old world by water, followed by still greater mercy in the call of Abraham, and in the promise that in him and in his seed all the nations of the earth should be blessed. The other periods referred to will, if examined, manifest a similar course of events. Whoever attentively regards the present aspect of the times will say, that we are now under a dispensation of pe culiar mercy, but there are, alas ! notes of warning of coming judgments, reminding us that the dispensation of the "times of the Gentiles" is thus to terminate before a still brighter dispensation will commence. The peculiar mercy of God at the present season, is thus made visible; that at the very time when the French revolu tion seemed to threaten the abolition of all that was sacred, God, in his infinite mercy, awakened the sleeping Protestant church, and in a marvellous manner defeated the designs of his enemies, and advanced the cause of true religion. It is impossible for any candid enquirer not to perceive that such has been the course of things during the last fifty years. But bow does Christendom stand at this moment ? Whilst " many run to and fro and knowledge is increasing," we might almost say that there is a gathering together for the battle. For they who are enemies of God no longer disguise themselves; they openly make known their purpose. There are public meetings of infidels, who blush not to declare that they consider the Bible a mere fable. There is a central society for education openly formed for imparting earthly knowledge to the rising generation without any concern for " the truth as it is in Jesus." There is also that increase of power in the Church of Rome in this kingdom, the bulwark of Protestantism, that brings to mind her proud boast as given by St. John—" I sit as a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow"—forgetful that it is declared "her plagues come in one day, death and mourning and famine, and she shall be utterly burned with fire; for strong is the Lord God who judgeth her." For whilst in the year 1793, in the whole of Great Britain there were only thirty Roman Catholic chapels, now there are above hundred. And as if to prepare the way for her vainly expected triumphs, in this year her advocates in Ireland have formed, as it is termed, a " Pre cursor Society." Some of her most influential members have also commenced in England " the Catholic Institute"—a society which has for its object, as its promoters declare, to defend the purity and truth of the Roman Catholic doctrines, and circulate useful information on those subjects, and for this purpose to organize local committees and to solicit and avail themselves of individuals in different parts of Great Britain and the colonies, so that its influence may extend to every parish in the kingdom, as well as to every colony. Thus systematically is the cause of our Lord assailed, and thus systematically is preparation making for the advance ment of that idolatrous church, of which the Lord has said, " Come out of her, my people, that ye be not partakers of her sins,.and that ye receive pot of her plagues." Witb tbic increased and syitornatio activity of Infidels and pruvokin: the jurlpiriPs of ther MoliAtv, year, alas ! has witnessed a peculiarly awful contempt of the Divine Authority, in the fearful increase in the public profa nation of the Sabbath. This had commenced before, but it remained for the year 1838, when " the Precursor Society" and " the Catholic Institute" were formed, for great public railway companies, whose capitals amount to many millions of money, openly to defile the land, by running their trains at all hours of the Lord's-day, from the Metropolis of the Em pire to Manchester and Liverpool. When we read, that it was their adding to their idolatrous worship, the pollution of the Sabbaths of God, which caused the Lord to say of the children of Judah. " I will pour out my fury upon them," who is there but must fear that the ac cumulated guilt of infidelity, of false worship, and of Sab bath profanation, not to mention other national sins or the state of Christendom generally, must so offend the great and glorious God as to hasten on the day of his wrath ? Who, then, is to avert the danger, or who is to stand between the living and the dead? They who have " his mark on their foreheads, and who sigh and cry for the abominations that are in the land"—lt is their earnest prayers for the outpour ing of the Spirit that must stay the plague—for it is " when the enemy comes in like a flood that THE SPIRIT OF THE Loan shall lift up a standard against him." Does not, then, the aspect of the times, presenting special mercies, but giving note of coming judgments, form a very weighty reason for the true followers of the Lord com mencing the ensuing year in a prayerful spirit ? Nor can I omit in this place to mention that which seems particularly connected with the aspect of the time—the oc currences of this year regarding God's ancient people the Jews. How many independent events concurring together seem to give promise that " the time to favour Zion, yea, that the set time is come." Whilst the eyes of the principal states of Europe are, from the rapid declension of the Turk ish Empire, and the sudden rise of the Pasha of Egypt, turned towards the Holy Land; and whilst the newly-opened passage to India by steam-vessels places Palestine before the merchants of Europe and the East; Jerusalem is brought to the remembrance of Christians by this peculiarly interesting event—that the services of the Church of England in the Hebrew tongue are now daily performed in Mount Zion, by a regularly ordained clergyman, in the mission house, previously to the building of a church, for which the ground has been actually purchased on Mount Zion, and this under our highest temporal and spiritual authorities—Her Majesty having, for the first time, appointed a resident Vice Consul to the Holy Land, and the Archbishop of Canter bury and the Bishop of London having ordained the mission ary to Jerusalem. Thus an opportunity is afforded to the children of Judah to assemble in the Holy City in a pure Protestant church, under the protection of the Sovereign of the British Isles. This, also, at a time when a re remarkable spirit of enquiry on religion generally, subsists among the Jews, and when the number of those who have lately been baptized is so great, that elder Jews often say, " We shall die as Jews, but if the present exertions continue to be made, in twenty or thirty years there will be no more Jews to be found." Surely these concurrent events form powerful accessory motives for Christians with united energy offering up the prayer that the Holy Spirit has indited, " Come from the four winds, 0 breath, and breathe upon these slain, that they may live and stand up a great army," that " the receiving of the Jews may be as life from the dead to the Gentiles." The third and last I eason which I would offer for commenc ing the ensuing year in this prayerful spirit is, THE SPECIAL BLESSINGS WHICH HAVE FOLLOWED THE TWO PREVIOUS CONCERTS FOR PRAYER HELD IN 1837 and 1838. It is difficult, or, rather, impossible to trace the connection between prayer and events, which, in the providence of God, afterwards happen: but if any judgment may be formed from the many scriptural promises made to united prayer, and from the great effects which have followed, when believing prayer was offered, and from the devout manner in which these con certs for prayer were held by great number of the Lord's people, and the blessings which have been since granted to the church of Christ, if these are proper and sufficient grounds on which to rest, it will be difficult to find seasons in which greater encouragement to such an union has been given. Let any person acquainted with the general movements of the church of Christ, or of particular Christian churches, or with religi ous societies, say, if there has not been a very rapid advance within these past two years. How many new churches have been built. How many societies have been formed for build ing others How many faithful labourers has the Lord sent forth into his vineyard. How great has been the increase in the funds, and with what renewed zeal has some of the most important of these societies been carried forward. In Great Britain and Ireland, and the United States of America, thus it has been, and in Protestant France the re ligious institutions have more than tripled in their funds during the past two years. The bounds of this invitation will not admit of detail, but as far as my information extends, I can, with the greatest truth affirm, that I know not any one year in which there has appeared so much spiritual life, and so much active zeal and diligence in the Lord's cause as in the present. Let these reasons, my beloved Christian friends, for com mencing the ensuing year in a prayerful spirit, sink deeply into your hearts. Contemplate the grandeur of the object which this concert for prayer has in view, the aspect of the times calling for such a concert, and the success that has at tended past devotional seasons, and surely you will feel it to be a high and blessed privilege thus to commence the year. To begin it, as might be said in the best society, or in union with those in every part of the earth who are waiting for the coming of the Lord, or for that blessed day, when " the king doms of this world shall become the kingdoms of our Lord and his Crist." The following suggestions are respectfully offered to assist those who are desirous of uniting in this general concert for prayer. _ _ _ Ist. Let Christians follow the example of our blessed Lord (Mark i. 05), who the morning after the Sabbath, rose up a great while before day for secret prayer. Let them thus se cure the blessing of him, who says, " pray to thy Father which is in secret, and thy Father which soeth in secr e t s h a ll reward thee opedy." 2nd. Let them call upon the Lord in their families, for his Spirit to be poured upon themselves and their households, their neighbours, their country, the ministers of the Lord, the Churches of Christ, the remnant of scattered Judah and outcast Israel, and upon the Gentile world. 3rd. Let the ministers of the Lord afterwards privately meet their brethren of their own communion, in earnest prayer for themselves, thei r flo c k s , th e w h o l e b o d y o f Ch r i st, and the world at large; and then specially consult together upon the most effectual means for hastening the coming of the Lord's kingoorn, and particularly for the continuance of such a general concert for prayer, that the year may proceed according to this devout commencement. 4th. Where circumstances will admit of a morning ser vice, let the congregation be assembled, and in addition to the appointed prayers and a suitable sermon, let all who are devoutly disposed partake together of the supper of the Lord ; or sth. As may be more convenient, let the vrbole'congrega tion meet in the evening for public worship, and let an ap propriate discourse be preached. May the Lord accompany these means of grace, or such others as may ba adopted, with his abundant blessing. Oh ! may it indet d be a season of special refreshment from the presence of the Lord. Let this be the prayer of all who read this paper, and as the new year is now approaching, it would be a great kindness if those who approve the object, and have influence over the press, would republish and circulate this invitation, which any one, into whose hands it may fall, has full permission to du. Peace be with all who love the Lord Jesus Christ in sin cerity. Thus prays their affectionate brother and servant in the Lord, JAMES HALDANE STEWART. St. Bride's, Liverpool. STATE OF TRADE. THE COTTON TRADE.—MANCHESTER, FRIDAY. —Less business has been done this week in grey cloth, but prices are full as high as they have hitherto been. Twist is in rather better demand, and a little higher in price. THE WOOLLEN TRADE.—HALIFAX, CE SD A Y.—We do not recollect that, at this season of the year, we ever felt a more steady inquiry for all kinds of goods than at our last market. The stocks continuing low, give great confidence to buyers, and the manufacturers find no difficulty in readily obtaining the late advances on all descriptions of goods. Some are sanguine enough to expect that, should the present demand continue, prices will he higher after Christmas. Wools are firm, and the demand for yarns continues good. ROCHDALE FLANNEL MARKET.—Whether the approach of Christmas has had any influence on the market to- lay, it is difficult to assert; but the buyers were neither so nume rous nor so eager to buy as for many weeks past. Still there was no attempt to beat down prices. Indeed that must re main a hopeless attempt while stocks remain as low as at present. LEEDS, TUESDAY.—Goods are looking up, but not, we think, from fair and legitimate trade. It appears to arise from the advance of every article used in the production o f cloth, from the wool to the dye. There are, however, plenty of purchasers in the market fully equal to the production, and the stocks are again lower than when we last reported, especially for particular colours. The merchants do not buy a piece except for order; none on speculation. BRADFORD, 'THURSDAY.—There has been as much busi ness, perhaps, done in our market as is usual at this season; but we hear of no advance in goods, though yarns continue at the late advanced prices. In yarns the usual business is doing, with prices quite firm. There has been less doing in wool this week, but there is no decline in value, nor, in fact, any anticipated. CHESTERFIELD WOOL MARKET, DEC. 19.—1 n our report this week we have to state that the trade in all descriptions of wool continues in a steady healthy state—the demands regu lar—and, if we may be allowed to quote anticipations which are derived from good sources, the consumption will be of au uniform character for a while. LEICESTER. —The demand for goods for the home trade continues steady, and considerable business is also doing in the snipping department. Yarn is without alteration, but the spinners complain that the trifling advance recently ob tained is by no means equivalent to the advance they are compelled to give for the raw material. There has been a fair business doing in wool during the last week or two. Prices remain as last reported, but the aspect of the market is de cidedly firm. STATE OF TRADE IN KENDAL—The manufacturing trade of this town, it is agreed on all hands, was never in a more prosperous and healthy state than at present, for a number of years back ; the strikes which were productive of so much evil both to masters and men, and which generally took place at this season of the year, have not as yet disturbed the linsey business. Some parties attribute this revival in a great mea sure to the quantities of grain coming out of bond, by which, capital before lying dead on hand has a market opened for its investment in manufactures. The working man's remunera tion for his labour ought to keep pace with this amendmen in the condition of trade ; for as provisions seem to be adt vancing in price, the labourer will find much difficulty to sus tain his family with any moderate degree of comfort.— West moreland Gazette. The Atheneum concludes its review of a Frenchman's work upon the steam-engine thus:" The result of our research has been that this theory contains much that is new and much that is true ; but that that which is new is not true and that which is true is not new." MURDER OF ANOTHER GAMEKEEPER.—The park at Nor manby Hall, near Brigg, the seat of Sir Robert Sheffield, abounds with game, and has lately been very much visited by poachers. On Thursday morning, about three o'clock, a report of a gun was heard in the park, near to the hall, when two watchers went forward. The man who first came up with the poacher attempted to capture him, but the poacher declared he would shoot him if he persisted; he did persist— the poacher fired, and killed the watcher on the spot. It appears the poacher must have been on his knees when he fired, one side of the watcher's face being blown off, and other shots having entered his breast and passed out through his back. The night was very dark. The poacher immedi ately ran off, and was met in his flight by the other watcher, whom he knocked down with the butt end of his gun. This was done so instantaneously that the watcher could not re cognise his person, and he escaped.— Lincoln paper. HINDOO WIDOWS.—We are glad to see that the Hindoos are stirring themselves to obtain permission to remarry. It is a question of their law, and one which cannot be interfered with by our government, unles they can show that the pre sent prohibition is not an essential part of the Hindoo system. Certainly, if in any country such a prohibition is absurd, it is here, where Hindoo females are frequently married at two years of age; so that the ordinary chances of life must ex pose them to about ten times the widowhood of persons mar rying at maturity. A child who has thus been pledged, and whose husband may have died before he left his nurse's arms, is thus sacrificed to an absurd prejudice, which the Hipdoos are beginning to be ashamed of, Till they consent to place their women on a perfect equality with the other eexl,they may depend upon it that they wi:l povor raßk ii*Ofvl4o4 44tMilf,'-'l3olrin a 4 - , 41 I