The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-12-14 00:00:00

t he administration of public affairs during the . regime of the Whi gs than many are awar e . W e h ave , h ap pil y , broken off the yok e o f th e oppressor for the present ; °lit, the system, we :grieve to find, still has its o n advo icates. That it should be necessary to enter into con troversy such a topic !—but the inveteracy of an evil this has, we f ear, ma d e i t so . The best argument on 111 . 1 a head, however, will be a practical one, and will con 'tat not i n t a lki ng a b out i t, b ut i n ac t ua lly gove rning the country i n d epen d ent ly o f M r . Daniel 0' Connell, o r any of his myrmidons, either here or elsewhere. In connection with this important point, we shall borrow another excellent passage from the noble earl 4 which difficulti es peculiar to Ireland," says his lordship , stand i n th e way of a due observance of the laws, "L be interially diminished by a firm adherence to prin tiLe...lt is only when men's minds are tossed about, at one ex ' ej e,bighly elated, at another deeply depressed , by falsely or v `e i t_i hopes and fears. that agitation is likely to succeed, i ueouitie turbulent or alarming. Let the laws be tait ionYtand impartially administered—let crime be diligently fg u t out and punished—let men be selected to fill the dif rent. situations under government patronage for their moral ;Ili:, intellectual fitness—let the appointments in the Esta to their Church be conferred on men whose lives are devoted sacred calling—let protection be afforded to life and. Cray as far as in the government lies—and Nyhilst tolera ' full and free, is extended to every religious sect, let 1 1 ,uragement and protection be given to the truth an I troy no doubt but that Ireland will soon become different . 140 What she is, and make equal progress in civilization, in , ral itY, and in religion, with other parts of the empire. We have nothing to add to observations so sound, tu truly liberal, and just. Popery is the curse and rui n of Ireland, and with Popery, cost what it may, we can have no peace, but what will be ultimately injuri °ins to ourselves. No peace-with Rome " must still the motto on our b anner, un d er a ll circumstances ; lur 4 it is the only ensign that can conduct to any thing W hich can . be called peace, or preserve us from a truce mote to be dreaded than open war. Th • • . The mystery which still overhangs the Exchequer 14 1 fraud, affords a fine opportunity for the invention 4 : 1 Propagation of tales, intended as solutions , of 0 aieli everyb o dy is at liberty to believe just so much r nothing at all, as he pleases. That there are " high Pa rties invol v ed whom it is the wish of the government a screen," is one of these fictions, but one in which , for ` °or part, we place no faith whatever. It contains slanderous imputation, however, which we would Gladly see repelled by some further disclosures. It is to be presumed that Smith has by this time re aaled all that he knows of the business — an amount w ick one should suppose, would leave nothing more f 'l Qr curiosity to d es i re ; y e t the prosecution of the mat tebr, on the part of the crown, seems to have ended. Pallo is discharged ; Beaumont Smith is sentenced to l'a t ransportation, and so the matter rests. With re gard to the money, there is not the least idea that any Part of it will be recovered from the pprties, whoever e. g eY Were, to whose plans the unfortunate Smith was la t Powerful an assistant. On this head the London 'nes makes the following interesting observations : or " To those who have been used sometimes to read and hear t h e itY failures, whether mercantile or on the Stock-Exchange, 4; e e will appear nothing strange or unaccountable in the utter . 41 "Pation of £300,000 without any gain to the parties ; nor i i . n .Y,e.xpectation that a hoard could be discovered, even by 4 7 e King every single bill through all its stages to its ulti ate resting-place. 01 " The present autumn has already witnessed several,, nay, CeY failures, in London and the larger towns, of amount Q ua iling, or even exceeding, the exchequer - bill fraud, and each of which it might with quite as much propriety be ,fed, What can have become of all this money ?' We have n bankers, once worth £300,000 or £lOO,OOO, now deficient PZLhaps nearly as much ; booksellers, in a few years , minu s L;uu,ooo or £150,000 • and warehousemen who , in two years , Zile dissipated £80,400 ! Yet none of these occupations ter 8 0 easy and rapid a method of getting rid of money as the heaveilreergain system on the Stock-Exchange. Where, then. t in onder, that two or three persons, without exciting Bee n Y observation. should, in the time which seems to ques- have t i e ,, e n spent in the work, have got rid of the sum now in 'n ?—not £300,000, we apprehend ; but only such amount is e naY have been advanced on Exchequer-bills apparently of at value ?" So ranch as to the money; as to the parties, it does ee ttainly seem passing strange that all other besides Smith and Rapallo are yet unnamed. If Smith's con felsion is to be believed, other parties there certainly *e re, and they more guilty even than himself. " Al la red and beguiled by plausibility, power, and talent , " lie Bays in his confession, " I became entangled beyond et/ cape, and while Exchequer bills were obtained from me t 0 an enormous extent, I never derived benefit even t ° the small extent necessary to relieve me from my () T l lparatively trifling embarrassments," From another fart of his written statement it would appear that he 14 '14 determined not to withhold any information what . eYer of which he was possessed in connection with the transaction, and it is presumable that he has since Riven it. Some commiseration is due to the fate of this unhappy man. He has been guilty of a tremendous breach of trust which has been the means of defraud- 41 g innocent parties to an immense amount; and yet it appears that he sought nothing for himself, and with ample opportunity to do so, forbore to make any pro vision against the day of discovery, which he knew w ° l lld certainly come. Finally, he made no attempt t ° escape, and tendered to that justice which he had so grievously wronged all the amends in his power. These a t least are circumstances of mitigation, and shew him to be a man of some conscientiousness ; indeed, if his N'n story be true, fatuity is the most remarkable featur e of his conduct. The Rev. E. R. Jones, 8.A., late Scholar of Brasenose College, Oxford, eldest son of the Rev. J. Jones, M.A., in cumbent of this town, was elected on Tuesday last to a Fel lowship at Queen's College, in that university. HAIR OIL.—We have been requested by the proprietor of the Liverpool Botanic Hair Oil to state that its properties are of the most valuable nature. He states, that the use of it completely prevents the hair from changing colour—that it keeps the sealp moist. We are told that this oil has the merit of aiding in the preservation of the eye sight. DISCUSSION ON SOCIALISM.—We are informed that the committee appointed to arrange the discussion on socialism, between Mr. Brindley and Mr. Lloyd Jones, the socialist, have placed in the hands of the Mayor the sum of £7O 3s 3d, being the proceeds of the four nights' debate, after discharg ing the usual expenses. The amount is, we believe, to be divided between the Infirmary and the Dispensaries. GAME PIES :—THE RAINBOW.—Mr. Lawton, the pur veyor of the finest game pies in England, has commenced making for the season. His fame is established far and wide, and those who wish to place a delicious dish on their Christmas tables, must lose no time in favouring him with their orders. The Caledonia, British and North American royal mail steamer, which left Liverpool on the 4th ultimo, arrived at Boston on the 18th. She would sail from that port on the Ist, and Halifax on the 3d, inst., and may be expected to ar rive here to-morrow. MEETING OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS.' - ThiS body would assemble on Monday week, the first in the mouth. The Message transmitted by the President would be read on the next day. As copies of it would not reach New York until the Bth, the packet-ship Independence pro bably would be detained until that day, to convey the Mes sage to Europe , in that case, she may be expected, with fair winds, to arrive about Christmas-day. But, should the ship have a long passage, the royal mail steamer, which will leave Boston on the 16th instant, will arrive with the Message on or before the 30th instant. FIRE.—On Sunday morning, at three o'clock, a fire was discovered in a warehouse in Wilde-street, belonging to Mr. Jones, London-road. The alarm was the greater in conse quence of its being known that there was a quantity of blast powder deposited on the first floor. The floor was on fire, and an attempt was made to persuade Mr. Hewitt, on his arrival with the fire-engines, not to enter the street, but that excellent officer, considering that the speedy suppression of the fire was the grand point, drove on. and in a few minutes succeeded in gaining a position secure from danger in case of an explosion. Mr. Jones arrived in a few minutes, and at great personal risk, rushed to where the powder was depo sited, and flung it into the street. (four casks). The fire was completely subdued in about an hour. It originated among some straw, the lower part of the building being used as a stable. Mr. Whitty, Mr. Maxwell, and other officials were promptly on the spot. " MALTREATMENT OF A MOTHER HY HER SOM.—Yester day, at the Police-court, a stout young man named George Walkington, was charged by his mother, an old woman, with gross abuse and annoyance of her on Saturday night. She stated that' she lived in Redcross-street, and bad done a great deal for the prisoner, and was willing to do the utmost for him, if he would conduct himself with propriety, but found it in vain. On Saturday night he went to her place and demanded 3s. from her, which he would have squan dered had she given it him ; and on her refusing lie became exceedingly violent, and assaulted her, and she was obliged to send for the police-officers, when he struck and kicked her. He had got married to a woman with whom he could not live, and she had long supported him, and had his wel fare so much at heart that she would do so yet, if he would behave himself, but he kept her in continual fear and misery, so that she could not go to bed with her clothes off, lest he might come in at any moment and attack her. She added that he had spent all his week's earnings, 175., on Saturday and Sunday, in drinking, and that drinking made him mad. She did not think she could long survive his violence. Mr. Rushton : "Oh yes, you will! You are still a stout woman, and will live a good while if you do not distress yourself about him. His conduct has been most disgraceful and un manly, and you must not trouble yourself further about him, or interfere to get him released, otherwise he may some day take your life. I will take him into keeping. He must pay a fine of £5, or be imprisoned for two months for the assault, and further find sureties to keep the peace, himself in £3O, and two others in £2O each, or be further im prisoned for one month." The Prince Wales is to be " the pet of the petticoats ". according to his royal highness's nativity, by Raphael, in the Prophetic Almanac, in which little work for 1842 it appears at full length, together with 108 pages of useful and very amusing articles, illustrated with a large coloured Hierogly phic on zinc, and an exquisite steel plate called "The Magic Mirror." The successful position of Raphael's almanac has enabled the proprietor so to improve it as to merit the appel lation of being " the best " of the smaller annuals. On Winter evenings, " the laughable Wheel of Pythagoras " and the Cabilistic Numbers; and in leisure moments, the poeti cal extracts, afford light and gratification.—(See advt.) CONVERSIONS FROM ROMAN ISM.—We have observed lately frequent instances of persons publicly recanting the errors of Popery, and embracing the Scriptural doctrines of Protestantism. It will be seen from an advertisement, that a special form of service, to be used on such occasions, has been compiled by the Rev. Hugh M'Neile, from one pre pared by the Archbishop Tenison, in the ).ear 1714, at the command of Queen Anne ; the only addition being the introduction of a few questions used and recommended by the late Archbishop of Dublin. As the want of such a form has long been experienced, we have no doubt there will be a great demand for it. ST. MICHAEL'S CHURCH.—On Sunday last, two excellent sermons were preached in this church by the Rev. John Jones, and the Rev. J. H. Stewart, in behalf of St. Michael's week-day and Sunday schools. The mayor, and several members of the town council, were present on the occasion. The collections amounted to £47 4s. 6d. The school chil dren attended at each service, and it was pleasing to hear them sing the appropriate hymns chosen for the occasion. I n the afternoon they were cathechised in the church, when many of the congregation, as well as the parents of the chil dren, were gratified by their good answering in the Scriptures, as well as their correct repetition of their hymns and cate chism. The pew rents, in this church, we are glad to learn, are to be reduced from Ist February next. This will be a great boon to the congregation and neighbouring inhabitants. Hitherto the price charged was nearly uniform throughout the entire church ; but in future a graduated scale will be adopted, so that individuals in different circumstances of life will be accommodated with pews or sittings in proportion to their means. ------ THE ALBION'S LATEST !-Our contemporary, the Albion, has been robbing up his Latinity, and has made three dis tinct discoveries—first, that Fidus Achates is not Fides Achates; secondly, that Fidus Achates kept bad company ; and lastly, that Fidus Achates is not the Reverend Hugh M`N elle. The Albion is right this time in his orthography ; right,too in his identity ; but with respect to his second po sition—thc character of the Pius Eneas—there is nothing in it. - - INQUEST ON A CHlLD.—Yesterday an inquest was held before Mr. Curry, touching the death of Jane Griffiths, a child of eleven years old. The deceased lived with her pa rents, in Thurlow-street. On Sunday evening, during their absence, the deceased called in another little girl from the next house to keep her company ; and while the former was pour ing some coffee from a kettle into a cup, her clothes ignited at the bars of the grate, in which there was a brisk fire, and she was soon in flames. Her companion endeavoured to ex tinguish them by throwing water upon her, but being unable, called her mother, who extinguished the fire with a blanket, but not before the deceased was so much burnt that she died in a few hours. Verdict, " Accidental death." STEALING A CHEESE.—At the Police-court yesterday, two boys, William Tatlock and Michael Regan, werecharged with having stolen a cheese. l t appeared that about six o'clock on Saturday night, a police officer observed the pri soners, one of whom had a cheese ; and as, on being ques tioned, they gave no satisfactory account of it, he detained them, and made inquiry in the neighbourhood, the result of which was, that the cheese was identified as belonging to Mrs. Ball, shopkeeper, Byrom-street, being marked B, and missed from others similarly marked. One of the prisoners stated that he had picked it up in the middle of the street — saving it from being run over by a coach ! They were each committed to gaol for three months. REVENUE INQUIRY.—The commissioners Lord Granville Somerset, Mr. Baring, and Mr. Pringle, arrived here on Friday, to commence their examination into the state of the revenue establishments. One main object of the inquiry is to provide increased facilities for commerce; and, we un derstand, that in consequence of a communication to this effect from Lord Sandon to the mayor, all the mercantile associations of the town have appointed deputations to con sider matters to be brought before the commissioners. The deputations meet daily at the rooms of the East India and China Association, when the communications of facts or suggestions for improvements in the present system may be addressed to the chairman of the deputations. THEFT FROM THE PERSON.—Yesterday, at the Police court, a young woman, named Mary Roach, was charged with stealing a sum of money from the person of a gentleman in the street. Mr. John S. Williams said he was a builder in Birkenhead, and that on Saturday night, as he was passing down Ranelagh-street, he was accosted by the prisoner. He had scarcely spoken to her, telling her he would have no communication with her, when lie missed his money, and immediately told her she had robbed him of a half-crown and two shillings. He detained her, observed she had the money in her mouth, and called a police-officer, who took her into custody. She screamed out murder, and collected a con , course of people. The officer searched her, but found no money in her possession. On returning, however, to the 'r spot, after depositing his charge in the station-house, he found the money amongst the stones. She was committed for trial. DEATII FROM A WOUND IN THF. HEAD—SURGICAL CASE. — An inquest was, on Saturday, and, by adjournment, Yesterday, held before P. F. Curry, Esq., on view of the I body of a boy. 9 years of age, named John Garland. A youth, i named Connolly, was in custody, on suspicion of having I caused his death. The prisoner's brother, Abraham Con 'lolly, said he was an apprentice at Messrs. Rodick and Co.'s, merchants. About three months ago he and his brother had some words at home, and after going out, the latter threw a stone at him in Hale-street, at the bottom of which there are some steps into Dale-street. He evaded the stone by going off the parapet, and it bounded towards the steps. Directly after he heard a boy screaming, and saw him with his hand to his head. Some persons collected, and said the boy was hurt. Witness went away, and did not see him afterwards. It appeared that the deceased, who lived with his parents, in Bachelor-street, went home, and had the wound dressed. He was attended by several doctors, including Mr. Baylis and Mr. Murphy. Mr. C. 0. Baylis, surgeon, said he called to see the deceased, Dr. Murphy was then going to perform an operation on his head. Ile was wounded on the left fore head—the wound had imperfectly healed—the bone was much discoloured—and there was evidence of disease of the brain. The operation was performed by Dr. Murphy. A portion of the bone of the skull was, on removing the scalp, found absorbed. Four days afterwards he called, by request of Mr. Murphy, and found a portion of the brain had come through the opening made by the trepanning. The disease of the brain and of the bone of the skull was, no doubt, the cause of death—produced by external violence. Mr. Ley cock said he attended the deceased about ten days. He found inflammation of the brain, and applied the usual re medies. After ten days he considered him convalescent, but on again visiting him, found he had been trepanned, and a soft substance protruding through the opening. He called two surgeons from the Dispensary in consultation, and used the usual means, but the patient died on Friday, from hernia of the brain, which frequently followed trepanning, but could not be foreseen by the operator. He could connect the cause of death with the wound and inflammation of the brain, for which he was first called,—nor could he say whether the operation was necessary or not, as it was performed several days after be was first called in. When lie left off first visit ing him, the wound was quite healed. Mr. Cooper, surgeon, made a post mortem examination. lie found a large wound, evidently made for surgical purposes. The skull was exposed. There was a considerable hole of an angular shape, having more the appearance of bone removed by ulceration or ab sorption than by surgical operation. Trepanning had been performed, and he found a large cavity in the brain, and an ulcerated hole in the dura mater corresponding with that in the skull. He described other appearances. Matter pre vailed throughout the whole of the cavities of the brain, and was one of the most extensive cases of abscess of the brain he had ever seen. The abscess was the cause of death. It was not of frequent occurrence from natural causes, but more frequently from blows or wounds of the skull. A blow given two or three months ago might produce it. The jury re turned a verdict to the effect, that the deceased died of the abscess, but how produced there was no evidence. The pri• soner was discharged. LOCAL NEWS, Ux Dirs.—Amongst the presents which have already been received from this town by the lady patronesses of the ap- P r oaching Anti-Corn-I.aw Bazaar, are, we understand, a i t 'air of very fine white ducks, late the property of a well tsctlown venerable colonel ; a very curious tile, from the roof t "' an ex-quaker ex-member of the council, in fine preserva- Z 4 ; and a curious and very scarce copy of the Municipal 'form Act, full-bound calf, plain edges, not lettered, which hag recently been discovered by an eminent authority in West Derby Ward. We are informed that it is in contemplation (1° forward also for sale an authentic copy of the correspon ence between a celebrated anti-corn ex-dignitary of Liver -I'9ol and her Majesty's late Home Secretary, upon the occa- Lon of an expected promotion to the dignity of the baronetcy, a shall bid for this lot, and buy it if it goes worth money, as a new year's present for our readers. L DEATH IfROM APOPLEXY. — An inquest was held yesterday, u efore Mr. Curry, on view of the body of Charles Houlgrave. i'he deceased was employed, as an anchorsmith, at Mr. Mo- Yfleux's smithy, in Orford-street. On Saturday morning, while he was at work, he suddenly dropped down in a fit, and ng for some time partly insensible. \\ hen he came to him he resumed his work, but in about five minutes again "eearne ill, complaining of his breast. As he soon afterwards appeared to be dying, a surgeon was sent for, but he expired b efore he arrived. It appeared from an examination of the "°dY that the deceased died from congestion of the brain, or a poplexy. Verdict accordingly. - - ,ASSAULT ON SHERIFF'S OFFICERS. — On Friday , Sand i?•Oberts, wife of Roberts, M`Guire-street, and twi 48, Robert and Richard Roberts, his sons, were charge( at th e Police-court with a violent assault on three boroug tl ifteers while in the execution of their duty. Mr. W. Law . `°n. sheriff's officer, said that on Tuesday night, between seven and eight o'clock, he went with his two assistants, Shannon and Lord, to execute a warrant for debt at the pri soner's house. He immediately went up stairs to seize the Roods, followed by Shannon, when they were grossly a ssaulted by Mrs. Roberts and her sons. The witnesses .; 31 11d not, however, swear to the identity of the elder boy , Robert. In cross examination it was admitted, no notice of the declaration had been served. This it appeared was not r equisite in law, and the case being proved, the mother was fi ned 205., or to be imprisoned seven days, and the younger °°Y, Richard, 2s. Gd. for the assault. Robert, the other s° n, was discharged. MI LK AND WATER AGITATION OF THE ANTI-CORN LAW 44 , t AGIJE.—At a meeting of merchants, hankers , &c. , &c. — (omst magniloquent are the concocters of these kind of ga . Lherings !)—held on Thursday last, at Derby, the celebrated Mr. Richard Cobden is reported to have made several extra• ordinary discoveries, and, among the rest, that, in calling for total repeal of the corn and provision laws , the gentlemen of the League are not going half far enough ! " I predict," exclaims this philosopher and prophet, " that we who now the total and immediate repeal, will, ill less than a tw elvemonth, be looked upon as a moderate, milk and water bar lY ! And what does the reader suppose are the ulterior Views of these milk and water gentry? What are they to do after having succeeded in withdrawing all protection from the British landowner ? Why, only to compel him to contribute, to addition to this sacrifice, the trifling sum of twenty mil °llll per annum'of direct taxation ! After such a modest proposition, are we not compelled to ask ourselves whether sheer insanity or mendacious rascality predominates amongst These agitators ? In the present instance, the absurdity and 4 4 nPossibility of such an extortion as is talked of by the cot (°11 prophet, is too gross and glaring to excite anything ex "IA ridicule and contempt for its utterer, and for the gobe- I P,ouches who swallowed it ; but the animus is quite plain. 've know well from it what such men would do, if tile power Vas theirs, to consummate their infamous and dishonest !lehernes. What gulls must be the Fitzwilliams, and other liberals of their class, w ho help toe t in motion this body, Wu kth, if able to go alone, would crush them with no more e°l nPunction than they would immolate as many beetles ! SUITH' S LIVERPOOL COMMERCIAL ALMANAC KAND I ' I ARIES FOR W 42. By Alexander Brown, TheA.M.—e I t ‘ ! l ll.l anacks and diaries are highly creditable to the publisher , M r. Smith, of South Castle-street, who has presented to the Public le a series of very neat and comprehensive little works, at an exceedingly moderate price, and to the editor, who has 1 0 5tde a judicious selection of the materials most suitable for iocal almanack, and has arranged them with a view to ge "eral u tili ty. Th e t id e - ta bl e , which is in each edition, r t kars to have been calculated with great cat e, and we UII -2! ni r statid that in comparing the tide- tables in the Commercial anack for the present year with those in the other Liver- P almanacks, they have been found nearest the actual o bservatio n . Among the contents of the Commercial . i tianack, we notice considerable additions since last year, the Most important of which are, the List of the House of I;?Mmons distinguishing the politics of each member , the a 2lah Authorities, Election Notices, and the recent Dock b i:eig_ulations and Signals, the political opinions of the mem thrsa b _ of Council &c. Full particulars are also given of all Steam-packet, and Postoffice Arrangements, of the Bonded Warehouses , &c., and the whole of the ,Fnernnation is of the most varied and useful description. ,S,heet and miniature editions contain an abridgment of t h_ Almanack, and the neatness of the print!ng. „Zu, n e 4 theiregance of th e s tyl e i n which they are got up, combined extremely moderate price, renderthem deserving of an extensive circulation.—Mercvry. We are informed that the. Duke of Portland having resigned his office as Lord-Lieutenant or Custos Rotulorum of the county of Middlesex, the Marquis of Salisbury will be ap pointed in his place.— Times. THE LATE Mn. CLoUGH.—WC trust our musical friends will not forget the concert this evening, to take place at Mr. Lassell's Rooms, for the benefit of the widow and infant son of the late Mr. Clough. The programme is well selected and most attractive. POST OFFICE PLACE GALLERY.—This delightful place of public resort is, we are sorry to find, positively to close on Saturday next. Those who have not been must really lose no time, and those who have should take " a last fond look." • WEST INDIA MAILS.—As the West India steam-packets do not take the mails until the Ist of January next, an in quiry was addressed to the postoffice as to whether the steam-packets sailing from Southampton previous to the Ist of January would be allowed to take letters as ship-letters, to which the following answer has been received:— . " General Postoffice, Dec. 10, 1841. " Sir,—ln reply to your inquiry, I beg to inform you that the Postmaster-General has authorized ship-letter bags to be made up and forwarded by the steam-vessels about to sail from Southampton for the West India Islands, prior to the com mencement of the new arrangement of the transmission of the regular mails to the West Indies. " I am, &c., " THOMAS LAURENCE, Assistant Secretary. " Messrs. Powles, Brothers, and Co., 13, Austin Friars." THEATRE ROYAL.—It will be seen, by the advertisement, that Mr. Slaiter takes his benefit to-morrow evening. We are sure this unpretending, clever, and humourous actor-- the best country boy, by the way, on the stage--deserves the support of the public. He has been attached to this theatre some years. Monday next will be the last night of the sea son, when Mr. Clarke will have his benefit. Many will go on that occasion to take leave of one who has so long and so successfully administered to the amusement of the public. He retires with honour to himself, and in it is a beacon for the younger members of the profession, to show them what perseverance, and industry, and uprightness will do. We cannot but think that the profession ought to show him some little token of regard, in a manifestation of which numbers of Mr. Clarke's wellwishers would gladly join. CHARGE OF ROBBERY.—A female, named Julia Cambrin, was yesterday charged at the Police-court with robbing a Mr. Dillon of his purse, containing twelve sovereigns and some silver. It appeared from the complainant's evidence that he had treated another female, and afterwards the prisoner, at a public-house. The former went out, and did not return. The prisoner, after the other had gone, asked him to search his pockets, and see that all was right, which be did, and missed his purse, which he had not shown to either of them. Tne evidence beta s hmuotanstve aisainet the prisoner, and nothing being found upon her, she was discharged. Mr. D. then preferred a charge of want of courtesy and rude lan guage towards him by the keeper of the Vauxhall Station house. The charge was but trivial, and was to a considerable extent explained away by the accused. Mr. Rushton said it was the duty of all officers to conduct themselves civilly to everybody. The parties then left the court. PROPOSED JUNCTION LINE THROUGH MAN CHESTER, BETWEEN THE MANCHESTER AND LIVERPOOL AND THE MANCHESTER AND LEEDS RAILWAYS. Our contemporary of the Railway Times is this week a little severe upon the directors of the Menchester and Liver pool Railway Company, on account of their declining, for the present at least, to hurry on the formation of the pro posed junction line between their present terminus in Water street, Manchester, and the Manchester and Leeds line, for which, it will be remembered, the requisite powers have already been obtained. The Liverpool and Manchester directors allege, it appears, as one of their objections to going on with the junction in question, that, on enquiry, they have found the estimates of the traffic likely to come upon it very much overrated; and our contemporary—dis satisfied with the allegation itself, and with the means as well, by which the estimates are said to have been tested — calls upon the directors either to employ the same means in examining the estimates as those used in framing them, or, as the alternative, to give up the powers of their act of par liament for executing the line into other hands. Now, with due submission to our able contemporary, we cannot see that the directors of the Liverpool and Manches ter line are bound to accept either of these two alternatives, or to proceed with the junction line as at present laid down, without being fully satisfied as to its being the best commu nication that can be formed through the town of Manchester. Upon this point we are not at all so well satisfied ; and con sider, besides, that circumstances and measures which are at this very moment in contemplation, may contribute to render the profitable working of any junction line whatever through the town of Manchester very problematical. The principal benefit which has been held out as likely to arise from the formation of a junction line has been the saving to be effected by merchandize and produce being forwarded direct from Li verpool to the manufacturing towns upon the Leeds line—the saving of unloading and reloading, cartage, porterage, &c. The supposition upon which the companies have ever gone has been that Liverpool was to continue the depot for bonding this produce; and now, when it has become almost matter of certainty that the privilege of bonding is about to be con ferred upon Manchester itself, and that a portion at least of the foreign produce for which the consumers in the maim- acturing towns upon the Leeds line have heretofore looked tpon Liverpool as their market, will in all probability, before ong, be deposited under bond in Manchester—this saving by , hrough carriage is no longer so practicable, or the advantage Ind profitable working of a junction line so evident. But even conceding the fact (which we are quite prepared to do), that a junction line must ultimately be made between the Manchester and Leeds and the Liverpool lines, are there not, we ask, other lines from Manchester to the south and torth which have a claim to be considered in the formation of such a junction ? The Manchester and Sheffield and Manchester and Birmingham lines seek, as well as the Man chester and Leeds, a connexion with Liverpool ; and we think it must strike our contemporary that if it is possible to pro- jest a line which will satisfy the wants of these companies and the reasonable claims of the Leeds Company as well, that line it is which, under existing circumstances and exist ing prospects, ought to be taken up by the Liverpool and Manchester Company. _ _ That such a line can be made has already been sliewn—a line, we believe, even less _expensive than the present pro jected line ; and we are not perhaps far wrong when we state, that to the prospect ultimately of uniting themselves at once by this line with the three railways which seek a communi cation with them, is to be attributed this justifiable unwil lingness to be dragged into the formation of a junction with the Leeds and Manchester solely. EFFECT OF REDUCTION OF RAILWAY FARES We have been favoured from an official source with a comparative statement, showing upon a small scale the effect of a reduction of railway fares. The line upon which the reduction referred to took place, is the Canterbury and Whitstable, six miles in length. On the Ist of February, 1841, the fares were reduced from 9d. to 6d., and the follow ing is the result : _ _ _ February . March April May .tune July August September October . November 1810. X 366 352 1841. £1,087 1,649 1,932 2,168 2,945 3,244 3,387 2,921 538 816 1,171 1,407 1,468 T0ta1...... £9,388 £23,719 lance in favour of low fares, .±:14,331. —Railway Times. 3 REAT NATIONAL ANTI-CORN-LAW BAZAAR. Satisfactory as must be the above statement, as to the in crease of gross receipts which results from the reduction of railway fares, the example would be far more likely to be followed if a better arrangement could be come to with the government with respect to the mode of levying the passen ger duty. The amount per head charged by the revenue ought surely to he proportioned to the amount levied by the company ; and we would suggest that railway directors could not be better employed during the approaching session that► by impressing the justice of such an arrangement upon the present Chancellor of the Exchequer. Our liberal neighbours of Manchester are moving—not heaven and earth—but middle-aged ladies, sympathetic misses, blue stockings young andold, and philosophers of every grade, to aid them in the holding of a bazaar there upon the most ex tensive scale, and with a splendour unparallelled. Needle ;are being plied with unexampled celerity and zeal ; fair pencils are engaged by hundreds; samplers, flowers, gimcracks of every description which fair fingers can put together, are in preparation ; coins, (principally of copper,) autographs, bee tles, classified and duly stuck through with pins, stuffed birds —every thing " rich and rare" which can be scraped up for sale—are anxiously sought after by patrons and patronesses, M.P.'s, and knights and " squires of low degree" ; and the produce, it is not to be doubted, will be almost sufficient to pay the national debt, to build a score of churches, or endow a few hundred alms-houses. Good, kind, charitable, "liberal" ladies and gentlemen of Manchester ! Of course this vast effort is intended for some one or other of these laudable purposes ! Your starving weavers are to starve no more ; the shivering factory child, running shoeless to his work in the bitter winter mornings, is to run shoeless no more ; destitution is to be taken out of your streets, and brightness and warmth to be introduced to the poor man's hearth, a pillow to his weary head, and a blanket to cover his toil-worn frame ! " Not at all"—is the reply of each tart blue-nosed spinster, as, looking unutterable scorn, her busy fingers knit, net, sew, paint, or patch with a feverish velocity. "It is for no such vulgar, low, worldly, unenlightened object that our sympathies are moved. There is the new poor-law and the union workhouse for such wretches as these. We have nobler, more comprehensive ends in view—the advancement of the happiness of the whole human race—the promotion, in short, of the agitation of the Anti-Corn-Law League !" " Sweet George Thompson "_" excellent eloquent man!" —he cannot astonish and enrapture the world without money. " Clever Mr. Acland "—he cannot do without money ; and the funds are very low—very ! Agitation is " hard up "—(a vulgar phrase, but expressive,)—and a Great National Anti- Corn-Law Bazaar is just the thing to relieve it! Charity, philanthropy, humanity,—Fudge! They have a very bad effect, all the political economists and philosophers agree, upon the character of poor people. The workhouse test and cheap bread are the proper remedy. The league alone eau regenerate the world " and " sweet George Thompson," and his fellow speechifiers, therefore, it is for whose especia' benefit is intended the proceeds of the " Great Nationa, Anti-Corn-Law Bazaar:" What next? The grand exchequer-bill fraud might still have been car ried on four years, perhaps, before final explosion, but for those monetary derangements which rendered it every day more difficult to obtain advances of money on deposit of bills, excepting on conditions so usurious as could not fail to excite misgivings that the security deposited was not come by legi timately. Hence detection of the existence of duplicate numbers of bills by an astute banker applied to for advances of money on his own terms, whatever those might be, which, arousing his suspicions, led to those examinations and colla tions of bills by himself and others, which resulted in verifi cation of the fact suspected. CORRESPONDENCE. THOUGHTS ON THE STATE OF THE COUNTRY, WITH HINTS FOR ITS IMPROVEMENT. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. SIR,—In the present state of this country, when almost every department of industry is paralysed,—when the home trade is depressed almost beyond example, and our com merce with foreign nations threatened with gradual extinc tion,—it becomes important to ascertain what remedies may be applied for its improvement. No nation ought to be poor that is in the possession of the means of feeding, clothing, and lodging its population. Wherever the elements necessary by the application of judi cious labour for these results are not found in a country, that country becomes, to the degree in which these are defi cient; dependent upon foreign nations ; and it is requisite that arrangements should be made to exchange the surplus productions of one country for that which is wanted from another. _ _ To develope the resources possessed at home to their full est capability, seems at once the interest and the duty of each individual state; and so long as hostilities exist between nations, to be independent for primary necessaries of exist ence of countries that are or may become hostile, seems not only the dictate of reason and prudence, but the duty of each particular state. This, however, should not be cherished on any selfish ground, but only as a necessary caution where confidence cannot be placed. It cannot be doubted by those who take a large view of the variety of production scattered over the earth, and the instinctive desire planted in the minds of men to participate in the possession of this variety, that we ought to consider mankind as a great family—parts of one whole, whose loca tions, habits, productions, and pursuits are capable of har monious amalgamation concurring alike to general and in dividual advantage ; arid hence the necessity of arrangements for the production and distribution of the resources of each country on the largest possible scale. This can only be effected by the voluntary concurrence of each state to co-operate with surrounding nations; and so long as ignorance, error, or prejudice prevail, an harmoni ous interchange cannot be expected. The prejudices of nations, however, frequently fall before a conviction of their interests ; and hence countries not al together friendly continue to exchange their productions. It not being in our power to regulate the laws of other countries, or to insure from them that reciprocation which enlightened policy might dictate, renders it the more neces sary that the internal resources of our own should be deve loped as fully as possible, and that we should cease to de pend from abroad for that which can be found abundantly at home. , The capability of our production of food admits of consi derable extension, and there can be no doubt that the growth of our own soil is as nutritious as that of other countries. Whenever the supply fails in quantity or quality, our at tention must be directed to obtain the deficiency from other nations Those who have witnessed the amount of production ob tained by judicious labour from a few acres of land near London, will have no grounds of apprehension that our own soil is at present insufficient to supply the wants of our in habitants in food. That the same results are attainable at home for the sup ply of clothing, is evidenced by our warehouses groaning with abundance, which we have not yet found the means of distributing. The raw material, indeed, is mostly the pro duction of other countries; but no difficulty is likely to arise to prevent our obtaining of that what is requisite. To erect for our population good and suitable habitations, needs no argument to prove it to be in our power,or to supply their requisite furnishing when erected. How is it, then, that a country possessing ample means of supplying itself with food, groaning under the load of its clothing, and capable of housing its whole population to an extent almost without limits, should be in that state of de pression and difficulty which is at present experienced in Britain ? The possession of all these articles of wealth, when undis tributed, contributes no more to the national comforts than the mere sight of a feast appeases the appetites of the hun gry ; and from hence we are poor amidst plenty—famished at a feast. . . Probably the means of distribution. is co-extensive with our love and charity, and will not be improved until these mental elements arc further developed. It may be allowa ble, notwithstanding, to suggest what seems likely to prove useful. Gold and silver have for ages been amongst mankind the most approved means of distributing the produce of society ; and were gold and silver plentiful enough for the purpose, and capable of regulation, there is no doubt that the preju dice in its favour stands upon a just basis : but, in the ab sence of sufficient quantity, or sufficient power of regulation, some substitute must be found. Civilised nations have adopted a recognised paper money as this substitute, but never with that arrangement necessary for its efficiency and permanence. To obtain this efficiency, it seems requisite that a power should be somewhere vested to supply what experience has shewn to be necessary for the wants of one country and no more, and a credit given to this supply which should render its value unquestionable and permanent. This country has already been educated in a paper system issued by the Bank of England, and during our wars it was made permanent and unconvertible • but after the wars, when gold began again to visit our shores, it was thought desirable to retreat from the exclusive use of paper. Attempts have again and again been made to bring the transactions of a very extended paper system within the very contracted limits of a gold and silver one, but always unsuc cessfully ; nor does it seem likely that they can ever be suc cessfully combined, as attempted by our present Bank of England. So long as our gold is liable to be withdrawn from the country by the wants of foreigners, it seems impossible to found a paper issue upon it that shall be capable of giving us a steady home trade. Fluctuation in price and in demand must necessarily be produced by fluctuations in the amount of our circulating medium. When the country possesses an ample currency, good employment, good wages, and general success result from it. When an excess is issued, specula tion and feverishness arise ; and when a deficiency occurs, depression necessarily follows. Experience has shewn these effects to be the uniform re sults of the past management of our monetary system, and it seems to point out an easy and ample remedy. If one bank of issue alone were founded under the super intendence of government, nothing can be easier than CON TROLLING THE AMOUNT, and its circulation in the country mays be effected without prejudice to any of the existing banking interests. We should thus possess a national hope capable of being extended or diminished, as circumstances required, and being accepted by the government for taxes would be a legal tender to all other parties. This national hope would furnish us with the immediate and permanent means of domestic trade—would set into activity the industry of the country, and rapidly circulate amongst society the na tional productions, and thus create plenty at home. However extensive the productions of labour become, ex cess in supply would only have the effect of cheapening in price, or, in other words, of giving each person a larger quantity in return for his labour. It would not be possible for distress to exist at home so long as the industry, skill, and enterprise of our population was kept in activity, and the Divine Providence afforded us his accustomed blessing. Gold being removed as our circulating medium all fluctua tions arising from its abundance or scarcity, as far as our home trade is concerned, would be at an end, and it would take its place as a mercantile commodity, to be bought and sold with our paper money as an article of merchandise. The effect of this domestic monetary arrangement could not be injurious to our foreign commerce, as that would always depend upon our capability of exchanging goods upon equally advantageous terms, with rival manufacturing nations. If the whole energy of Britain became but moder ately exercised, so illimitable would be its production that, after an abundant supply of the home market, we should have an excess that would nearly supply the world. That other nations not so favourably situated as ourselves for ob taining manufactures, and more favourably situated for ob taining other productions equally necessary to us, would be glad of an equitable exchange does not admit of dispute, and when the balance of exchanges had to be paid in gold, it would pass from us as a mercantile commodity without in the slightest degree deranging our monetary system. This arrangement would also have another evident advan tage in almost enforcing foreigners to take our goods in ex change for those which they sent to this country. The flourishing state of our population would enable them to obtain and consume a vast increase of the production of other countries, and Britain would become the best market the world. E. W. Ivy-street, Bi 54head. TRINITY CHURCH ORGAN TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD --- Six,-Will you, through the medium of your journal, oblige the congregation of Trinity Church by calling the at tention of those in authority to the disgraceful way in which the musical part of the service is conducted ? The fault rests principally with the individual who plays, or, I should say, attempts to play the organ ; for he knows as much about an organ, or the management of one, as an infant. It is impos sible for the choir to keep in with him, and as for the congre gation joining, itis totally out of the question. The sounds he produces occasionally are most ludicrous, and the organ is really a most excellent one, as we have had proof, by a good player officiataig sometimes. By inserting this letter you will oblige a number of people, and perhaps gain the desired end, as nothing can be done by private appeal.—Yours, FF &c., A SUE RE R. THE REVENUE INQUIRY TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD SIR,--1 wish, briefly, to remind the Commissioners of Enquiry, sent hither to investigate into the management of :he customs, as regards both retrenchment to the state and Facility to the merchant, that all their labour will be in vain LE' they bring with them any of the London prejudices and jealousy that have hitherto operated so powerfully against the interest of the merchant on the one hand and the officer on the other. Let the commissioners bear in mind that the revenue of Liverpool amounts to nearly one million more than all Scot land and Ireland, and nearly one million more than all the outporta of England, excluding London ; whilst her exports are greater than those of London, and more than one-third the experts of the Unitedlangdom. With these facts the Liverpool merchants have a right to ask for every possible facility to business which cannot be expected so long as the officers are overworked and under paid. The great trade at this port, her swelling and increasing revenue, now nearly equal to half that of London, demand that her fair and legitimate claims be attended to immediately. Contrast the staff in London with tViat in Liverpool, and no man of intelligence connected with the customs can say that the supply of officers at this port is at all equal to the amount of business. Hence the detention of ships, the obstruction of business, the delays in loading and discharging vessels, and the shameful and unjustifiable obstacles which are thrown in the way of a speedy discharge, which is of such vast importance to the shipowner. If the government cannot afford to increase the establish ment, they ought, at once, to do away with a great part of the quay duty, such as the weighing of each bale of cotton, &c., and the searchers' examination of excise goods. Either the excise seals are of use, or they are not of use—if not of use, do away at once with the expense and trouble of excise packing examinations; and if of use, why subject the mer chant to the trouble, breakage, and loss consequent upon the searchers' examination ? It appears to me that these two classes of officers have nothing to do but to keep each other honest, whilst the merchant is the sufferer for the vigilance thus displayed. The landing-waiters must be paid by fees, if work is to be done—no other plan will do—they have opportunities for idleness such as no other officers have, and when they have no strong motive to work—no strong incentive, either in pay or promotion—it is folly to expect much zeal from them ; searchers should not be appointed to that important office until they are fully qualified ; the system of making landing waiters into searchers, and especially the present system of perpetual change is fraught with the worst consequences to the merchant and the crown. Holt's frauds took place when the old and well-educated searchers were removed from the Prince' s D oc k, an d landing waiting searchers took their place. No landing-waiter should ever be made a searcher. His education and habits disqualify him, generally speaking, and it should be only in special cases, and under proper preparation, that a landing waiter should ever be admitted to the duties of a searcher. And to prevent the trouble, expense, and delay that result in so many petty cases of detention of goods, and ap plications of daily occurrence that have to be made to the board of London, why not delegate, to the chiefs of the cus- toms here, the power to settle such matters, or appoint a local board for that purpose ?-1 am, sir, your obedient servant, R. JOHN FINCH AND SOCIALISM TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. Sia,—ln answer to your correspondent " Enquirer," I beg to say that Mr. John Finch, agent for the Low Moor Iron Works, is the same John Finch, the head of the Socialsts of Liverpool.—Yours, &c., Liverpool, December 6, 1811 TRUTH TO THE EDITOR VF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, late accident, in which the lives of two persons were sacrificed, by the falling of a great mass of atones at a place where girls and women get sand, in the Park-road, 1 still perceive numbers of those persons at the same place ; and unless there are some means used to put a stop to the practice there will be a further loss of life. After the remarks of the coroner and jury I was in hopes some means would be adopted to put a stop to so dangerous an occupation ; and I hope notice will be taken of this in the proper quarter.—Yours, &c., J. H. Park-road. SlR,—After the THE LETTER-WRITING DOUBLE X Poor, unfortunate, neglected, unhappy William Rathbone In what an excited and uncomfortable state must be thy " organisation " ! Ejected from the council; no longer permitted to brawl and fume and shriek forth thy elfish notes in worshipful and aldermanic society ; no longer pri vileged to have thy crudities and impertinences conveyed to the world gratis through the medium of the reporters, but condemned—most miserable radical !—to resort to the scrib bling of letters, to satisfy the world that thou bast not yet become quite innoxious—that the bitterness of thy temper bas not yet all left thee—that, although not able to climb into a position to strike at the bead of thy opponent, there is still life enough left to enable thee to throw dirt at his boots, or at the skirts of his coat. Did you ever, reader, watch the struggles of an urchin just breeched to scale a six-foot wall, or perform any other feat in imitation of urchins of maturer age ? Did you ever see Lord John Russell endeavouring to elevate himself to the standard of manhood ? Did you ever hear a miserable street ballad-singer endeavour to emulate the tones of Lab lache ? Did you ever see a village pedagogue swell himself into the importance of a Newton or a Bacon? Did you ever see a sparrow peck ati an eagle—a miserable cur whelp at the lord of the forest—a donkey throw up its heels at the high mettled racer ? If you have seen or heard any of these ridi culous things, you have seen something which approaches to the present position of Mr. William Rathbone, and which resembles his recent unhappy efforts by his pen to force himself once more into notoriety. if you have not, we de spair of conveying to von a notion of their ridiculous nature. CORONER'S INQUEST UPON SIR PHILIP COURT NAY, BART. AT THE ALELPHI HOTEL. On Saturday morning last, an inquest was held at the Adel phi Hotel, Ranelagh-place, before the coroner, upon the body of Sir Philip Courtnay, Knight, who had that morning been found dead in his bed—it was supposed from the effects of poison. The inquest was adjourned until nine o'clock in the evening, in order to give time for the post mortem ex amination being made of the body ; and it was further ad journed until three o'clock yesterday, in the expectation of some of the deceased's friends being able to be present, and to give evidence as to his general state of mind and habits previous to the lamentable occurrence which resulted in his death. _ . By the evidence it appeared that the deceased, who was a barrister, residing at Davenport, visited the Adelphi Hotel about three weeks ago upon his way to Dublin, upon family business, and returned after a few days absence, when be wrote home, stating the result of his journey, and intimated his intention of starting in a day or two afterwards to De vonport. He . was again, however, summoned to Dublin, and on his return, having injured one of his legs accident ally, he acquainted his family of his intention to remain a day or two longer in Liverpool for the benefit of his health. On Friday evening he came home to the hotel rather late, and retired to rest, and in the morning was found dead, as we have before stated, from the effects of morphine, a bottle which had contained this poison being found in his room. From his youth, it appeared in evidence, the deceased had been in the habit of taking anodynes ; and it had been told him by his brother—a physician residentin London—that on some occasion he would be incautiously injuring himself. On the present melancholy occasion, the opinion of the jury was that on his return, after entering his chamber, he had applied himself to a bottle of morphine which he carried about with him, and had swallowed a dose, from the effects of which he had never awaken. The unfortunate deceased had a son, who was lost with the ill-fated ship President, which it was thought had affected his spirits, but not in such a degree as to lead to the supposition that his death had been any other than accidental. The verdict of the jury was to the effect that the deceased died from the effects of taking an overdose of morphine. One of his sons was in Liverpool, but did not appear in the inquest room. On the morning of the Queen's confinement, Lord Hill was amongst those who were summoned to attend at the Palace. His lordship was rather late, and when he arrived at the Palace he met the Duke of Wellington, who was re turning home. In answer to Lord Hill's inquiry as to how matters were, his Grace said, " All over—fine boy, very fine boy—almost red as you, Hill !" LIBERTY OF THE PRESS IN SPAIN.—It appears that at the present moment in Spain a public law officer is charged to denounce all offences of the press to the "jury of accusa tion," and to conduct the prosecutions of any journals that may be incriminated before the "jury of judgment." The fees of this officer are paid out of the fines to which the jour nals are condemned. A law officer performing these func tions, M. C. Nocedal, has just given in his resignation, and has addressed a letter on the subject to the Corresponsal, of which the following is an extract :—" At the moment of quitting my post I can at least boast of having obtained some results worthy of ray political friends. The Cangrejo, over whelmed by the weight of my requisitories, has ceased to exist; the Huracan is dead as a journal, in consequence of my prosecutions ; and the Correo Nacional itself, though supported and franked in its expenses by the principal leaders of the moderate party, has been unable to publish a number to-day, for want of a responsible editor."—Galignani. Doctor Lardner is now creating a great sensation in all our fashionable and scientific circles. Some attack him on principles of morality, and others defend him on principles of astronomy. The issue can be easily defined—it will fill his lecfure-room, and leave the moral questions as unsettled as the north-eastern boundary. A tew months after the arrival of the Doctor with Mrs. Heaviside in this country, they were married in Philadelphia, under a law of Pennsyl vania. The issue of this marriage has been a fine fat girl. It seems also that all the property in his English copy-rights has been swallowed up by the verdict given to Captain Hea viside. He has, therefore, been reduced to the necessity of working or starving—for it seems Mrs. H., now Mrs. L., has no property, except a contingency on a death hereafter. Of course Doctor L. prefers hard work at every risk.—New York Herald. " WHAT A SHOCKING BAD HAT!"—The origin of this singular saying, which made fun for the metropolis for months, is not involved in the same obscurity as that which shrouds the ori g in of Quoz, and some others. There had been a hotly contested election for the borough of South wark, and one of the candidates was an eminent hatter. This gentleman, in canvassing the electors, adopted a somewhat professional mode of conciliating their good-will, and of bribing them without letting them perceive that they were bribed. Whenever he called upon or met a voter whose hat was not of the best material, or being so, had seen its best days, he invariably said, " What a shocking bad hat you have got; call at my warehouse and you shall have a new one !" Upon the day of election this circumstance was remembered, and his opponents made the most of it, by inciting the crowd to keep up an incessant cry of " What a shocking bad hat !" all the time the honourable candidate was addressing them. From Southwark the phrase spread over all London, and reigned for a time the supreme slang of the season.—Mackay's Popular Delusions. SALE OF THE HENBURY ESTATE, S.:c.—On Wednesday last, the Henbury Hall estate was submitted to public auc tion, at the Macclesfield Arms Hotel, by Mr. Winstanley. The first bid offer was by Major Marsland, of £50,000; there were several other bidders tendered, but the highest was £51,500 by the same gentleman. It was then declared by the auctioneer, that the reserved bid was £60,000; and as no one offered that sum, the lot was withdrawn. The second lot offered was the Life Interest in a sum of £30,000. For this there was a large competition, and it was knocked down at £9,000, a sum exceeding it was said, byXl,6OO, the reserved bid. The remaining lot was a Policy of Insurance for £5,000; this realised £1,370. These two lots, we are glad to state, were purchased by the friends of the family imme diately interested therein. A sale of Henbury Hall, with the Manor and Estate, comprising nearly 1,000 acres, has since been completed for the snm of .C 58,000 ; and we congratulate our neighbours that the purchaser is Major Marsland, the late worthy M.P. for the unworthy borough of Stockport. We have reason to believe that Major Marsland intends to make Henbury Hall his future residence. The price realised by the sale of this estate will fully cover the cost incurred by its respected owner, Mr. Kyle.—Macclesfield Courier. ROMAN CATHOLIC OUTRAGE AT ST. LUClA.—Another of those disgraceful scenes, unfortunately of too frequent oc currence in this colony, arising out of the license given by the executive government to the public display of the absurd ceremonies practised by the foreign catholic priests, took place in the village of Micond last week. During two or three days the utmost confusion existed ; a riotous as semblage took place ; acts of great violence were com mitted ; and all this caused by congregating the people, and drawing the peasantry from their proper occupations to wit ness the admission of some six or eight neophytes, old negro women, into the bosom of the Roman Catholic Church. A great concourse of idle people, from different parishes, assembled in the little village of Micoud ; and it appears by the evidence taken before a bench of justices who investigated the affair, that a Mrs. De Brossard, who resides in the village, imagined she overheard two women discussing some plan that was in contemplation by sonic young men from a distant parish, to attack the priest. Full of the portance of this discovery, she went to inform his reverence, Abbe Piacintini, who is a Corsican, and, after the manner of his country, upon hearing of the intended attack, it is said he armed himself with pistols, and with a glittering poiguard in his hand rushed into the street, announcing to his flock that he was threatened with assassination. The alarm spread like wildfire, and immediately all the old women communicants tucked up their petticoats, armed themselves with sticks, and formed a body-guard to protect their pastor ; scouts were also despatched to seek the assistance of the justice of the peace, Toraille, who, on receiving the information of the emeule, blew his conch shell, and assembled all the labourers in his neighbourhood as a posse comitatis, and having buckled on his sword and pistols, he put himself at their head, and rushed to the field of action. There the first man he saw was a labourer of the name of Louison, who was acting as a sentinel at the door of the priest's house, to prevent the intrusion of the supposed assassins ; but the justice, mistaking the functions of the innocent Louison, attacked the poor man, and, with a blow of his " long sword," felled him to the earth ; and this was a signal to his follow ers to tall upon the prostrate victim, who was within an ace of being immolated on the threshold of the Christian pastor. We learn that Mr. Richardson subsequently af forded assistance to the man, and by bleeding him recalled him to life. Two or three other persons were more or less wounded, but fortunately other justices of the peace ap peared upon the scene, and through their exertions further bloodshed was prevented ; but it was not without the aid of a strong body of special constables peace was ultimately restored, and the affair judicially investigated. The whole disorder turned out to have originated in the ridiculous report made to the priest, and his ignorance of the difference of manners between his native Corsica and a little West Indian village. There is to be a government investigation into this ridiculous but tragical affair.—St. Lucia Indepen dent Press. LITERARY NOTICES. Fraser for December, Fraser is particularly rich this month. The first article is very charmingly written. The author must be an enthusi astic lover of the country and country scenes—" he prates most eloquently of green fields." Some delightful quota tions from the poets enrich the original matter. " Old and Lesser Stars of Pall-mall," introduces us to Queen Anne Boleyn, John Kingston, the musician, Oliver Cromwell, Gibbons, Sir Roger L'Estrange, and Quin, the bass singer, Purcell, the composer, Quin, the comedian, Tom D' Urfey, Handel, Dr. Johnson, George 111.. Nell Gwynne, and other celebrated people. Many of the anecdotes are very curious and characteristic. " The Condemned Cells," from the note book of the Ordinary, presents us with some particulars of Ikey Solomons, whose remarkable escape occupied much of the public notice a few years ago. The rev. writer shows the absurdity of the working out of the law in some cases, which visits the extreme penalty upon the receiver equally with the thief. The detail of the case or the young man who was convicted and hung as a receiver of supposed stolen goods, is cited as an instance. Every one must deplore that affair as one of peculiar hardship. Nine times out of ten the receiver is worse than the thief. " Wanted a Clerk" advertisement—is a clever, piquante, and witty poem in Haynes Bayley's style. The object is to obtain a clerk for a mercantile house. The multitudinous duties are bumourously enumerated. " Our true British Queen," by Robert Storey, is a very spirited national song—the title willshow its purport. " Anecdotes of Actors" gives us some good jokes touching John Kemble, Claremont, Mathews, and Spring. The sketch of Dignurn is capital. " A Plea for the Porkers" is a bit of pleasantry worth laughing at but not remembering. " Signs of the Times" is evidently from the pen of an ob server. In the series, " The Dogs of several of my Ac quaintance," we find droll " Memoirs of Mr. Delastro's Tohy, and Mr. Bramble's Hero." The " Hoggarty Dia mond" is brought to a close. It has been well sustained throughout, and is written in a bitter vein of satire.—" A Dublin Mayor's Nest" closes this amusing number. Barnaby Rudge. Waring Webb, Liverpool The clock has stopped ; and the old gentleman is no more. We have often commended this tale in its progress, and stil think that it is one of much ability, originality, and talent ; if not altogether equal to other works of Mr. Dickens', it is in parts far superior to them. We have more originality in the characters than thoselof Pickwick or Nicholas Nickleby : although there is not that intenseness of interest awakened by the story, we are still satisfied with the work on the whole, and look upon it as an ornament to the literature of the present day. In the present number we find Barnaby reprieved, Joe Willett and Dolly Varden married, Edward Chester and Miss Haredale committing the same act of gentle violence—everybody is made happy except Mr. Chester, who is killed by Haredale in a duel ; Miggs becomes a turnkey, old Willett retires to a cottage at Chigwell, and Joe is in stalled " mine host" of the Maypole. Barnaby leads a happy life with his mother. Master Humphrey, we are told in con clusion, is found dead ; his friend thus feelingly and patheti cally writes of him : As he did not appear among us at his usual .hour next morning, we knocked gently at his door. No answer being given, it was softly opened • and then, to our surprise, we saw him seated before the ashes of his fire, with a little table I was accustomed to set at his elbow when I left him for the night. and at a short distance from him, as though he had pushed it away with the idea of rising and retiring to his bed. His crutch and footstool lay at his feet as usual, and he was dressed in his chamber-gown, which he had put on before I left him. He was reclining in his chair, in his ac customed posture, with his face towards the fire, and seemed absorbed in meditation,—indeed, at first, we almost hoped he was. Going up to him, we found him dead. I have often, very often, seen him sleeping, and always peacefully ; but I never saw him look so calm and tranquil. His face wore a serene, benign expression, which had impressed me very strongly when we last shook hands : not that he had ever any other look, God knows : but there was something in this so very spiritual, so strangely and indefinably allied to youth, although his head was grey and venerable, that it was new even in him. It came upon me all at once, when on some slight pre tence he called me back upon the previous night, to take me by the hand again, and once more say " God bless you." A bell-rope hung within his reach, but he had not moved towards it, nor had he stirred, we all agreed, except, as I have said, to push away his table, which he could have done, and no doubt did, with a very slight motion of his hand. He had relapsed for a moment into his late train of meditation, and with a thoughtful smile upon his face, died. I had long known it to be his wish, that whenever this event should come to pass, we might be all assembled in the house. I therefore lost no time in sending for Mr. Pickwick and for Mr. Miles ; both of whom arrived before the messen ger's return. It is not my purpose to dilate upon the sorrow, and affec tionate emotions, of which I was at once the witness and the sharer. But I may say, of the humbler mourners, that his faithful housekeeper was fairly heart-broken ; that the poor barber would not be comforted ; and that I shall respect the homely truth and warmth of heart of Mr. Weller and his son, to the last moment of my life. " And the sweet old creetur, sir," said the elder Mr. Weller to me in the afternoon, "has bolted. Him as had no wine, and was so free from temper that a infant might ha' drove him, has been took at last with that 'ere unawoidable fit o' staggers as we all must come to, and gone off his feed for ever I I see him," said the old gentleman, with a moisture in his eye which could not be mistaken, "I see him gettin', every journey, more and more groggy ; I says to Samivel, My boy ! the grey's a going at the knees ;' and now my pre delictions is fatally werified ; and him as I could never do enough to serve or shew my likin' for, is up the great uni wersal spout o'natur." I was not the less sensible of the old man's attachment, because he expressed it in Ws peculiar manner. Indeed, I can truly assert, of both him and his son, that notwithstand ing the extraordinary dialogues they had together, and the strange commentaries and corrections with which each of them illustrated the other's speech, I do not think it possible to exceed the sincerity of their regret ; and that I am sure their thoughtfulness and anxiety, in anticipating the discharge of many little offices of sympathy, would have done honour to the most delicate-minded persons. Speech delivered at the First Annual Dinner of the Teach ers and Officers of the Liverpool Mechanics' Institution. By W. B. Hodgson. Marples, Liverpool. p.p. 8. The speech delivered by Mr. Hodgson, the talented secretary of the 'Mechanics' Institution, at the annual dinner of the teachers and officers, in January last, has just been published by the wish of those present. It is a clever address, and deserves great attention. There is good sound sense in it, with a fair sprinkling of the "flowers of rhetoric." It ought to be found in the hands of all who have the educa tional interests of the young at heart. The Governess. Madame Riofray, London This unpretending little work maintains the even tenor of The present number is not a whit behind any of its predecessors. We recommend it to the notice of all teachers. its way Illustrated Shakspeare. Tyas, London Nos. 20 to 30 contain the conclusion of Romeo and Juliet, and the commencement of King Lear. A beautiful edition is this of our sweet bard's sweet works. When completed, this will be one of the best editions extant. The text is a fine specimen of typography, and the illustrations very grace ful and well designed. Reasons for a New Edition of Skakspeare's Works. By J. Payne Collier, Esq., F.S.A. Whittaker and Co., London. p.p. 52. Why, where can a man find reasons for publishing another edition of Shakspeare ? The answer is, you will find them in this pamphlet, set down with a vigour and force that will convince the most sceptical. Mr. Collier is a clever man, and one who is not to be daunted by difficulties. It seems he has applied to the Duke of Devonshire and Lord Francis Egerton—whose collections of the great bard's works are well known to be very valuable—for permission to search their libraries for material. They have granted the permis sion with a readiness that does them honour. The admirers of Shakspeare will, no doubt, all read this brochure, and it will well repay them for the time and trouble they bestow upon it, if trouble it can be called to be so pleasingly occu pied. Mr. Collier points out many of the glaring errors that exist in the present editions of Shakspeare, and thereby render evident passages which now appear indistinct. The author puts forth these " reasons" as a forerunner to the issuing of an edition of Shakspeare to be publishad in eight L uarto volumes. We give the following extracts to show the style of the PRINTED AUTHORITIES I shall, with the most plodding diligence, go over every. line, word, and letter of each play or poem, in order to be sure that the new edition corresponds with the ancient copies, as far as they are to be followed, and that no syllable is passed over or omitted that can be corrected or recovered. Upon this task I have been more or less employed for many years, as I was able to procure copies of the original editions ; but of late I have enjoyed facilities for the purpose of going through the plays again, and of completing my undertaking, such as, I may confidently assert, no other editor ever possessed. NEW EVIDENCE ON THE CHRONOLOGY I now come to some very interesting and decisive evidence with regard to the chronological order of the plays, which has only been brought to light within the last few months. The precise nature of it, and the depository where it was dis covered, will be stated in detail in the introductions to the plays themselves, when we come to print them : in the mean time I may mention that I shall be able to show, most in disputably, that the subsequent plays by Shakspeare, his name being given in connexion with the titles, were repre sented at court at the dates hereunder specified. LIFE Or SIINKSPMARV The biography of Shakspeare, and the relations subsisting between him and his contemporaries, will form an important portion of our first volume. In order to render it as com plete and perfect as possible, I shall resort to no second- . hand authorities, but shall examine the original sources o f information, from the register of his baptism to the proof of his will. Of late years, and even within the last few months, many new facts, of great interest with reference to Shak speare's life and residence in London, have been brought to light ; and we shall, of course, take care that none of them,. however minute, are omitted. Some points of the history of our great dramatist must still rest upon reasoning and con jecture, but not a few particulars, which in the time of Ma lone, were mere matters of speculation , have since been dis tinctly ascertained. Although Malone went on nearly to th e day of his death, collecting such materials as he could pro cure, he never (as fur as any printed evidence remains t o us ) was able to add anything important tohis previous stock of information, and expired, leaving the biography of Shakspeare to be completed by Boswell from the scattered papers which devolved into his hands. * * * Model Afapping, by J. Bailey (Milne of a Method o f Denton, Surveyor, Gray's Inn Square. London :J. \\reale, 59, II igh Holborn; William Grapel, Church-street , Liverpool, 1841. The object of the writer of this pamphlet is to impress 41 ., 1 / 4. .. , :-..' i°,o upon landowners, and the agricultural classes generally, the superior advantages of model mapping (by which is meant the construction of maps or plans of estates, towns, &c., of some plastic material, so as to show, along with its mere acreage, and lineal form and divisions, the irregularities upon the surface) over the ordinary maps in use, as being far more intelligible, and at the same time allowing accurate data for ascertaining, without the necessity of continually surveying and taking levels upon the land itself, the best direction for carrying drains, and diverting water for the purposes of irrigation, &c The importance of proper drainage of land cannot be too much insisted upon the friends of native agriculture ; and we must express our conviction that the adoption of the plan of mapping, explained by Mr. Denton, will materially facilitate and cheapen ultimately the operation of the practical farmer, to whom we, therefore, cordially recommend its perusal. The Asiatic Journal, for December, 1841. W. 11. Allen, and Co., Leadenhall-street We are compelled to defer for the present a detailed notice of this valuable publication, which has only just come into our hands. The mass of useful and interesting matter which it contains deserves attentive perusal ; and to all those who are interested in the state of our Indian empire, must at the present crisis be of increased value. We shall return to it perhaps in our next. SECOND NATURE.—Physical force, moral force, and the police, are all very powerful things, and so is the force of habit. It killed a young gentleman last week at Spring-vale Academy. lie was the only boy left at school in the holi days, and the very first walk he took, he split himself—poor fellow !—in trying to walk two and two. Congratulatory addresses have been presented to the Queen and Prince Albert, from the bishops and clergy of the episcopal church of Scotland.—Standard. INSPECTOR-GENERAL OF RAILWAYS. — In consequence of the recent promotions in the army, Sir Frederick Smith gives up the appointment of Inspector-general of Railways, and assumes an important command at Chatham. The new inspector-general is Major-General Pasley, of the Royal Engineers, so well known among engineers as Colonel Pasley. EFFECTS or RAILROADS.-At the toll-letting o❑ the Sheffield and Wakefield turnpike-road, a few days ago, there was not a single tender delivered, and the trustees of the road were therefore compelled to take the tolls themselves. There was a similar scarcity of contractors at the letting of the iron bridge tolls on tho Wakefield and Denbydale road. —Leeds Mercury. The preparations that are making for the baptism of the infant prince are said to be upon a style of real magnificence. The ceremony, we are told, will take place early in next month, when one of the names to be bestowed on England's hope will certainly be Edward. With respect to sponsors, nothing more is known than that the King of Belgium and the Duke of Wellington will be two of them; and it is even whispered in circles which profess to know something, that the duke will have the honour of giving one of his illustrious names to the royal neophyte.—John Bull. The annual expense of the late army and navy promotions, presuming no casualties to occur, would be £24,000. — Hampshire Telegraph. AGRICULTURAL TOAST.—At a late agricultural dinner in Massachusetts the following toast was given :—" The game of fortune ; shuffle the cards as you will, spades will always win." • PRINCE OF WALES FUND.—The Prince of Wales Fund for the poor of the city has reached nearly to £3,000, which will prove a great boon to our distressed working population during the winter, as it is to be distributed in meal, potatoes, and coals.—Edinburgh paper. The Univers, a Paris paper, quotes an extract of a letter from its London correspondent, which states that not only are great armaments carried on in the docks and arsenals of Great Britain, but that an unusual and prodigious activity reigns in the Foreign-office. Lord Aberdeen is said to spend whole days, and even nights, in the despatch of btsiness, with indefatigable ardour, without his most intimate friends being able to guess at the particular subjects which seem to absorb his attention. The greatest mystery envelopes the plans of the Cabinet, and nothing is known of the designs of our statesmen. _ Two melancholy accidents have recently occurred in the fashionable world at Vienna. The Countess llleshazy was reading in bed, to which she was confined by indisposition, when her taper caught the curtains, set the bed in flames, and the unfortunate lady was so dreadfully burnt that she died the next morning. On the same day the Count Lu gansky, of the Cuirassiers, was thrown from his horse and killed.—Galignani's Messenger. We are informed, upon authority on which we can rely, that a paragraph which has lately appeared in several jour nals, announcing her Majesty's intention to grant a pardon to convicts, ou the single ground of the birth of the Prince of Wales, is entirely erroneous. We are as sured that there is no precedent for the extension of the royal mercy to criminals in any similar instance, and that there is no intention of exercising the prerogative of the Crown on the present occasion.—Times. - • • • POPISH OPPOSITION TO TITHE.—The payment of tithe is, according to Roman Catholic principles, a religious duty enjoined upon Roman Catholics by the Council of Trent, and by the popular catechisms in which the people are in structed, with this addition, that the payment be made to the "lawful pastors."—(Vide Christian Doctrine.) The griev ance of tithe is not the pecuniary amount, nor that in addition they have to pay their own pastors; but the fact, that they are obliged to pay tithes at all to the ministers of an heretical sect. Whatever equivalent may be given to the Romish priesthood, still, so long as the tithe itself is withheld from them, the Church of Home will be dissatisfied with its ap propriation.—Lord Roden's Letter. A. BRETON WEDDING. — The Quimper Journal gives a long account of the marriage of the daughter of a wealthy farmer of Ploare, in that department, named Penerez. The bride is said to have been dressed in a robe of scarlet, em broidered with gold and silver, which cost upwards of 500 f. The bridal party, including friends and relations, amounting to 500, all proceeded from the farm to the church, mounted on horses decked with ribbons and favors. Numberless oxen, sheep, and calves, were killed for the marriage feast, and the consumption of liquor was not less than six barrels of wine, two of brandy, besides a great number of casks of cider. The bridal garments of the guests were resplendent in colours and texture. The feast was kept up for eight successive days and even then was not terminated, as, according to ancient custom in Brittany, the table is constantly replenished with fresh viands until the last which are put upon it remain un touched. A CAUTION.—Beware of angering a blind man, for he will strike you as soon as look at you ! AN IRISH CHRISTENING.—On Monday the christening of an infant only one month old was celebrated in a colony inhabited by the poorer classes of Irish, called Projean's Is land, Wapping. Some of the party got fighting, and many more got drunk, in which state they threw themselves upon a bed on which the child was lying, and suffocated it. The freedom of the city of London has been voted to the Duke of Cambridge. It is to be presented in a box value 100 guineas. FRESH JONATIIANISMS.—Any man so base as to atrike woman, should be placed on the back of a hard-trotting horse, and make to collect newspaper accounts for the rest of his life.—" Mother, who is this Caroline Case, that so mach is said of in the papers ? " " She was a British lady, my son, that M`Nab ran away with, and threw over Niagairy."— " Less of your jaw, and more of your legs," as the negro said, when the alligator seized him. FREE TREE AND TAXATION.—The one-sided Free Trade promulgated by the Whigs would increase the pressure of taxation to a ruinous degree. A reduction of our import du ties, unaccompanied by equivalent concessions in favour of British commerce, would be accompanied by the following results :—The price of foreign goods in the British markets would fall, in the proportion of the remitted duties ; while the price of British goods in the foreign market would re main as before. This would cause our imports to exceed our exports, and require that a balance should be remitted in the precious metals. The abstraction of gold, and the consequent contraction of the currency, would now bring down the price of British goods, and thus admit of an exten sion of imports sufficient to restore our foreign commerce to a trade of barter, and to prevent a further diminution of the metals and contraction of the currency. It is obvious, how ever, that the permanent result of the change would be a rise in the value of money—diminishing the amount of ad valorem duties —increasing the pressure of all fixed taxes—and ren dering it doubtful whether faith with the public creditor could be maintained. And yet Lord John Russell boac,ts that his nostrums would relieve the people from taxation. His self delusion is as amusing and as mischievous as the monomania of Robert Owen. RIVAL AUCTIONEERS AT A. FAIR.—" Here you arc" cried one genius ; " here's a beautiful brass-mounted two foot box rule, with slide and all complete—agoin' for the small sum of one shillin—only one shillin—think of that ! Why, it's worth the money if it was only for the purpose of pawning it for eighteenpence and selling the ticket for two shillings. What! none of you give a shillin ? Why then 1 must take ninepence, that'd all. Coin' for ninepence. I see a genl'man afeeling for his money ; out with it, sir, don't be afraid. This here rule 'll measure the extent of your sweet heart's affection for you—it 'll measure the integrity of a Jew or the virtue of a woman—it ' ll take the breadth and depth of all the professions of friendship that a man makes when he wants to borrow money of you ; and 'll give you the square and cuhe of the promises that a candidate for a seat in parliament makes the voters at a contested election. What, nobody give ninepence ? Why then I must take six pence, I suppose. Agoin' for sixpence, the smallest coin but one in her Majesty's dominions. You'll never miss it out of your purse, sir. That's your sort ! Hand up the browns if you haven't got silver ; one'll do as well as t'other. Thankye sir ; there's your rule ; do you live by it, and you'll live wisely." " Here"! cried his competitor, who now be gan to make himself heard, here you have a bran new watch, chain, and seals, and all for the low sum of fis. It keeps time surprisingly, for it never varies; it's just the thing for a genl'man what goes a courting, for whenever he pulls it out, if it ai'nt quite correct, his sweetheart's sure to think it's the time o' day' at any rate. Look at the seals. Here's on one—let me see—' Too-joor fiddel. That means A lass and a fiddle ;' and on the other, seas-per which means, ' Yours, I'm damned.' If they don't take any why then it must be harder than Belie girl's heart by storm, metal generally is, that's all I've got to say. 'Wholl say five shillings for time lot? Look at the chain. It's like one of Cupid's—so airy yru can hardly feel it, and vet so strong you can't break away from it any Inure titan a prince can break his word, and it' proverbial as that's a thing they never do : oh no, not at all ! As to the watch, when you're all wound up to the bidding point, all 1 can say is, the sooner it goes the better. Don't let me put it again ; it's the cheapest watch that ever went upon tick. Come, say four shillings for the lot. Goin'—goin'—gone! for that young gemil'inalm in the smock frock., and very green ribands in his straw hat. Yon've got a dead bargain, sir, and one that'll consekintly never trouble you with any complaints. Thank ye, sir ! I lope you've got plenty of brothers and sisters. Don't forget to bring'em with you to the fair to-morrow. You're a nice family 1,11 be bound. CHEESE MADE FROM POTATOES.—CheeRe, it is said, of an extremely fine quality, is manufactured from potatoes in Thuringia and part of Saxony, in the following manner : After having collected a quantity of potatoes of a good qua lity, giving the preference to the large white kind, they are boiled in a cauldron, and, becoming cool, they are peeled and reduced to a pulp, either by means of a grater or a mor tar. To five pounds of this pulp, which ought to be as equal as possible, is added a pound of sour milk and the ne cessary quantity of salt. The whole is kneaded together, and the mixture covered up, and allowed to remain for three or four days, according to the season. At the end of this time it is kneaded again, and the cheese placed in little bas kets, where superfluous moisture is allowed to es ca p e. The y are then allowed to dry in the shade, and placed in layers in large pots or vessels, where they must remain for fifteen days. The older these cheeses are the more their quality i m proves. Two kinds of them are made. The first, which is the most common, is made according to the proportions above indicated ; the second with four parts of potatoes, and four parts of cow or ewe milk. These cheeses have this advantage over every other kind, that they do not engender worms, and keep fresh for a great number of years, provided they are placed in a dry situation, and in well-closed vessels. —Doncaster Chronicle.