The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-11-13 00:00:00

THEATRE-ROYAL, LIVERPOOL. Ur. LEAN, on his return from Dublin, is engaged to per form Five Nights, and will make his second appearance Tests EVENING, in the character of HAMLET. The New Drama of the LADY OF LYONS having been received with the most marked approbation by a crowded and fashionable auditory, on Monday, and Mr. KEAN kering heir greeted with most enthusiastic plaudits in the character of CLAUDE MELNOTTE, the Play will in conse quence be repeated on WEDNESDAY and THURSDAY next. ripHIS present TUESDAY, Nov. 13, 1838, will be per ." termed the Tragedy of H A M L E T. Hamlet Mr. KEAN. The Ghost of Hamlet's Father Mr. Stuart. Pelosius..Mr. Baker. Hortio..Mr. Gray. Laertes Mr. W. Howard. °stick ....Mr. Chaplin. The Queen.. Miss Cleaver. 1 Ophelia.. Miss Faucit. To conclude with the Melo-Dramatic Romance of the FOR THIEVES:- On WICDHZ3DAY, the New Play .of the LADY OF IS. Claude Melnotte. Mr. Kean ; B Co eauseant, Mr. Howard; Glavis, Mr. W. H. Bland ; lonel llamas. 2r. Baker; Madame Deschapnelles, M rt.. Clarke; Faueit. To con c l u d e with th e Melo-Draina of RO RItT MACAIRE. Oft THURSDAY, the LADY OF LYONS, and other D OS °II FRIDAY, a Favourite Drama, in which Mr. KEAN perforts,"b e i i io for HIS BENEFIT, and positively his list Appearance this season. TO CORRESPONDENTS. t he majority of the " Freemen of England" are decidedly ~,eonservative. I he requester "11. P." was overlooked through mere inad vertence. 41 , we have inserted Mr. Gladstone's reply to Mr. Finch's r‘ letter, the introduction of the latter is quite unnecessary. "tr remarks ea "The Church" are again unavoidably post „itned. We shall have sorne observations to offer on the Cooly ques ,Wien in our next. t found the following in our letter-box ; but as we arc not 4 equainteu with the hand-writing of Mr. Knipe, we cannot roach for its authenticity :—" Mr. Knipe presents his coin- Plintents to the Editor of the Standard, and, through the Instfunsentality of his respectable print, would just hint to )4r. Russ the indecency and indiscretion of the blackguard attack which was made, in the Chronicle on Saturday, upon to eminent merchant in this town. Mr. K. will certainly be obliged to show these creatures up, if they any longer Persist in the use of such tinsel and slanderous slang." TO ADVERTISERS AND SUBSCRIBERS. In consequence of the recent alterations in the de spatch of the mail bags we find it necessary to go is press at twelve o'clock. This arrangement will Commence on Friday next. We have, therefore, to request our advertising friends to favour us with their orders• at an early hour on Monday and Thursday. Ws cannot ensure the insertion of any advertisement, if sent to the office later than eight o'clock in the evening on each of those days. A li other communications intended for insertion must reach us on Thursday morning. the above arrangement we shall be enabled to sup- Ply the STANDARD at a much earlier hour than we can at present to most of our di.tant subscribers. b r e trust our adves tieing friends will perceive the • *messily of forwarding their orders as early as Practicable on the Mondays and Thursdays. lEbt ttberpool g..1-taitbarb. rUZSDAT MORNING, NOV. 13, 1838. 0' The Pablicatism of the STANDARD commenced this saoraiag at 5 o'clock. SCOTT'S?' MUNICIPAL ELICCTIONS.—We rejoica to 1 44 thnt Scotland has begun to exhibit unequivocal Lo tt% of conservative reaction. The issue of the re "it Municipal elections in the north has been ex tremely satisfactory, and affords a sure omen of the 44 %1 triumph and ascendancy of constitutional princi ples. At Glasgow the conservatives have succeeded 1 . 4 returning fire conservatives against seven radicals )41 50 the town council, two radicals having been dis• Placed, who were formerly in the council. The coun t° Is new composed of seventeen conservatives and . 4 fisen radicals. The public business can be no longer frustrated or obstructed by the perversity of a faction, %was the case last year. The issue of the Glasgow r elmicipal election is extremely important, as it fur ttlehes so index to the political feeling of the consti- I lleitcy. From this indication we have every confi ‘ee that the radicals will be beaten at the next ge rreral election in this important mercantile city. At Renfrew, again, the conservatives carried every t hing before them ; not a single radical was elected. At Dumbarton also conservatism has signally lii -11%pheci, the election having terminated in the return of four conservatives, and only one liberal. At Airdrie, one of Mr. Gillon's bJrghs, srm conser- Illtivel were returned. The radicals were unable to *Petit e the election of a single candidate. At Musaelburgh two conservatives and two radicals I►er e returned. At Dunfermline three conservatives and four radi- We were returned. At St. Andrew's, owing to the inactivity of the con serratives, and the superior organization of the radi c4l‘, the former have only succeeded in returningfour t oembers, whilst the latter have secured the election of te vint. • At Cupar Fife the conservatives have triumphed 49 *. There were eleven vacancies. The conserve 11/es set up eleven, and the radicals an equal number, 44 candidates. Eleven conservatives were returned. At Falkirk fire churchmen (conservatives we pre -44114e) have been returned. We wish our northern 44 etemporaries would be a little more explicit in de 64ribing the political characters of the respective can °Watts at their elections. We have often been under tbs necessity of ascertainiug from other sources the l e aliments of even the members of Parliament who hive been returned for various places in Scotland. T his want of explicitness is a fault of which many of English journalists also are guilty. It is won - inch 14 Presume that distant readers can form any accurate 14 heeptisn of the state of parties in different districts t tein the very meagre information which is frequently . 1 %4114/ad by the newspapers. The mere addition of' 114 0 letter C. or L. would generally be a sufficient in estimating the political opinions of rival 4414 didates. Owing to the absence of this, or some 44 Plivalent distinction, we are unable to ascertain the Meet result of several of the municipal elections in ;Wand. All that we can collect is, that wherever t he coneervatives have thought it worth their while to i llerfere actively in these elections, their exeitions 44 're been attended with success. in England the triumph of conservatism has been 14 . hal, owing to the organisation of conservative asso- Illations, especially among the middle and operative 4 / 4 eaes. These societies have told with singular effect 44 the registration courts, where, after all, the battle ! I the cusititatien must be fought. We do not know ` 4ll l _ ye far emir societies have been organised in Scot -144114. It is oar impression that they exist in very few "lice smaller burghs. If our surmise is correct, our 44 1thero contemporaries can do no greater service to t he emus, of conservatism than by advocating the for- Ik Ujon of conservative operative and tradesmen's as 4Ziations through the length and breadth of Scotland. "e example of England and Wales ought to afford et trY stimulus to the zeal of cur Scottish friends. Tith such societies in active operation we have no 4 bl'ibt that the burgh representation would soon be '4'ne as conservative as that of the counties. 'We learn with regret that, in several of the Scottish b urghs, the conservatives have kept entirely aloof r rs t " the municipal elections. The influence which ti radicals derive from this apathetic conduct must be %siderable. It is fervently to be hoped that no such "tatitages may be accorded to them in future. THR REv. MR. WNEILE'S CONsISTENCY.—There i "o much glaring inconsistency at present current in tk sq l l world, that the individual, who shall courageously forward, and attempt to disparage or expose it, not onfrequentlr stared at by his timid friends, (who :11 11 to be ignorant of his ground of hope,) as an en- Nsiast leading a forlorn hope; or carped at, ridiculed, 111 :litned„ and defamed by those who, smarting under the lashes which bring conviction to the soul, are still t et oid of the manliness and ingenuousness of a candid Y Owal of such conviction, and are, consequently, 4vlded to madness. What is consistency ? We hold ; t 1 % he cons i stency , th a t, w h en a p erson , f rom cer t a in 4i r Premises, arr i ves a t so und conclusions, he faith fadheredhere to them, till it be proved to him that he 4 io error. th ir this be admitted as a correct definition, we ask ". what proof of inconsistency can be brought of i 4 st the reverend gentleman who forms the subject 4. 1116 article ? It is an easy matter to bring charg.s, "d indul ge i n spec i ous , t h oug h v i n di ct i ve a nd vitupe tl44tite attacks against the most exalted in rank, of tbe eminent in piety; but, to produce proof to justify, r "' labo r , h oc o p us . puling, whining impostor, under the double imposition of an assumed name,----" Veritas,"—(to which, by the way, he has no pre!ensions,) and his " having been an attendant on Mr. M'Neile's minis try," has been " doing his little" in the veritable Chronicle to impugn the character and motives of that reverend gentleman. The polluted meatus through which "Veritas" has brought himself before the world is confirmation, strong as holy writ, of a jesuitical at tempt at imposture, too palpable to allow any rational being to be deceived by his subtle virus. His asset-- tions, and "liberal," plausible reasonableness, are, therefore, far below contempt and our notice; but' while we are on this subject,.we shall make a few gene ral remarks bearing upon the point in question. Every minister has solemnly sworn, (and it is the baptismal vow of every Christian,) " manfully to fight against sin, the,worid, and the devil"—" to wrestle against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places." Will any rational per son, then, step forward and charge a minister of the Gospel with inconsistency, for attacking, with the full force of the artillery of heaven, Antichrist—bloody, intolerant, perjured Popery—(" spiritual wickedness in high places")—and holding it up, in all its black ness and deformity, with all its damnable deceits and idolatrous observances, as a beacon by which to warn off the unwary, so that they , go not near to be "par. takers of her sin, nor receive of her plagues ?" Is a minister to be accounted inconsistent, who shall "lift up his voice and spare not" against the spurious, soul deceiving, soi disant "liberalism" which has now, for some time, " ruled the darkness of this world," and brought results the most lamentable and fearful upon Christianity throughout the world ? Is "to fight against the world" a mere empty jingle of words, without sense or meaning ? Is a minister, who is faithful, and conscientious, and consistent to his trust, to let the world run riot—pursue visionary and false religious notions—trample under foot the Bible—and countenance and support systems, which, as tltey dis honour God, degrade man—and not to bear a faithful testimony against such abominations and fearful delu sions ? Let the Popish bigot—the subtle " (another name for infidel)—or the pharisaical igno ramus of any sect gainsay us. We maintain, in spite of contradiction, and we are borne out in our opinion by the concurrent assent of all denominations of Pro testants, be they Churchmen or Dissenters, that a mi• nister cannot faithfully discharge his sacred duties without affecting, either proximately or remotely, the systems or opinions current in the world. His object is a religious one ; but, if, in "wrestling against principalities, and powers," some structures be shaken, which have not "the Rock of ages" as their founda tion, is he, therefore, to be set down and belied as a political preacher ? The faithful pastor has no sympa thy whatsoever with the merely political leader, be his party of what complexion it may—past experience shows that no faith is to be reposed in such. We re joice sincerely, however, that the affectionate, honest, and sincere efforts, which the Rev. Mr. M'Neile has made to stem the flood of iniquity, flowing through the sluice-gates of "liberalism," have been crowned with such complete success, as to draw the whole abuse o f the enraged nest of hornets down on him. The "good leaven" is effecting its desired end ; and his crowded church of grateful and delighted hearers will still hang on his words with that attention which the fearless, uncompromising, and undiluted exhibition of truth invariably commands. Mr. M'Neile needs not our defence—the breath of calumny falls harmless where love and affection are reciprocal—and what we have said, in general terms, will find a response in the breasts of thousands in the particular case of the Rev. Mr. M'Neile. THE ELECTION OF MAYOR.—As we predicted on Friday last, Mr. Hornby has been elected Mayor of Liverpool for the ensuing year, instead of Mr. Joshua Walmsley. The election (we mean the real, and not the sham, election) took place, as we befure said, at the Angel Inn. The Council afterwards met at the Town-hall to pass through the customary form of in stalling Mr. Hornby in office, as well as for the pur pose of placing upon record the other arrangements which had been previously determined upon at the 4 , secret conclave." The question has been frequently asked within the last few days, " was it really expected that Mr. Walmsley would have been chosen to fill the civic chair i" We answer, undoubtedly. The Chronicle and Journal of Saturday week recommended him as the fittest person. The Albion echoed its approval. The Mercury, on the very morning of the election, and simultaneously with our own announcement of the division which had been come to at the Angel Inn, was most strenuous in advocating the superior claims of Mr. Walmsley, and appeared to be very sanguine of his success. The Mercury was evidently ignorant of what transpired at the Angel, as he confesses that he " did not know who was to occupy the civic chair for the ensuing year." The editor, after thus admit. ting his ignorance of the preliminary election, pro ceeds to urge the claims of Mr. Wahnsley. " If," says the Mercury, " the election goes by desert-- It it is to be determined by real awl substan tial services rendered to the cause of reform—there is one man whose zeal, energy, and ability entitle him to such a compliment at the hands of his fellow towns men ; and whateyer may be thought of the matter in the Council, we are quite sure that the great body of reformers out of doors will be very much disappointed if his claims are again passed over. To this indivi. dual the town is mainly indebted for the wstablishment of our new Police—the formation and organization o the Tradesmen's Reform Association—and to t h an body, but for the baseness and treachery of certain re• quisitionists, and the timidity of others, we shoult have owed the emancipation of the town from tory trammels at the late general election. We need hardly say that we allude to Mr. Joshua Walinsley, or add that it is he whom a majority of the reformers wish to see Mayor of Liverpool" This, surely, ought to sa tisfy every one that the leading organ of the liberals in Liverpool was strenuously in favour of Mr. Walrus ley. How poignant must have been the grief of the worthy editor when he discovered our announcement on Friday morning! How astonished must he have been when his own reporters furnished him at noon with the actual account trf the subsequent division in the Council Chamber ! How agonising must have been his feelings When he ascertained that the " indi vidual to whom the town is mainly indebted for the establishment of our new police, and the formation and organization of the Tradesmen's Reform Associa tion," only obtained six out of fifty-eight vote s ! Most assuredly the Mercury will inflict a suitable cas tigation on Friday next. on those councillors who have so wofully " disappointed the great body of reformers out of doors." From the Chronicle they have already had a slight lashing, which is to be followed up by a tretnendous assault on Saturday next. The language of the Chronicle on this subject is almost a paraphrase on the remarks which appeared in the STANDARD. The Chi-on/de says—" The election of Mayor took place en Thursday last, at the Angel inn. Yesterday, (Friday,) the Election was recorded at the Iteristrar office, Town• hall, Castle street. The Angel Council, of whose proceedings we hope to give a full account next week, was summoned by circular, by Mr. William Wallace Currie." Tile Chronicle grows extremely wroth at the preswoption of the " liberal" town councillors in having recourse to secret voting at the Angel Inn meeting. This very consistent advocate of the vote by ballot nostrum thus delivers himself on the subj,.ct :—" But what will the constituency say, when we tell them that the honest Councillors resorted to secret voting again on this occasion ? Some months since, when this matter was agitated in the several wards, they gave a distinct pledge that it would he abandoned. But then the Municipal Elections were in prospect. Now they are over.— When the devil was sick, the devil a saint would be, When the devil got well, the devil a saint was he. Such conduct is mean, pitiful, and contemptible." The italics in this quotation are not our own ; but they fully express our opinion as to the humbug of vote by ballot. It appears, however, that a few of the "honest" town councillors abstained from taking any part in the scandalous proceedings at the Angel. The Chronicle, desirous of rescuing those individaa's from merited obloquy, remarks—" It is only just to add, that neither the Mayor, nor his brother, Mr. Joseph Homily, had any part or share in the proceedings of the miserable intriguers and pledge-breakers who as• sembled at the Angel. Dr. Carson and Mr. Vincent Higgins protested against the secret, voting." In re. ference to this most offensive proceeding the Chronicle demands—" But what will the reformers of Liverpool say on this last point ? Are they prepared tamely to submit to be thus gulled, mocked and scoffed at by leir very honourable councillors the very moment they turn the corner and are on the safe side of an elrction ? We guess not. Let the constituency do their duty. We will do ours. We hare not helped to drag down one Corporation TO SEE ANOTHER TRAMPLe UPON THE PEOPLE." Is it then really come to this ? Can it be possible that such a thorough-going liberal journal as the Chronicle has announced the discovery that our " reformed" town council are " trampling upon the people ?" We have long endeavoured to convince "the people" that such was the case but we certainly never calculated upon theco-operation of the Chronicle in denouncing the despots. We shall be anxious to sse in what manner in the Chronicle will " do its duty' in refetence to these " very honourable councillors." Our notion of doing our duty towards men who have so digraced themselves, by belying their professions, and by treating the constituency with such disrespect, is, to seek to turn every one of them out of the coun cil, and to supersede them by gentlemen who will act fairly, candidly, openly, and honestly. Will the Chronicle lend us its assistance in this praiseworthy undertaking ? The Journal likewise expresses its repugnance to the secret voting system. "On this," it remarks, " we entertain something more than doubt, for we have ne%er advocated the use of the ballot by repre• sentatives—we only advocate it where we desire to make the electors irresponsible. The law makes the election of mayor open, and it would take a very strong reason indeed to convince us that that provision should be practically defeated." Respecting the pro priety of " making the electors irresponsible" we differ very widely indeed from the Journal. It " would take a very strong reason to convince us" that such a step would be expedient. Indeed, we be- lieve it would be impossible, for how can we render the electors irresponsible as long as they exercise a trust reposed in them for the benefit of others It is perfectly idle to contend that the electors are not in vested with such a trust. They are, in fact, represen tatives themselves, as much as the members of the Town Council or the House of Commons are—the re presentatives of a constituency far more numerous than themselves. If the Journal feels inclined to dis pute this point, we would ask, as the election franchise is only held by about 1,500,000 of the whole popula tion of Great Britain, consisting probably of 21 or 22 millions of inhabitants, who must be considered as the representatives of the • remaining 20 millions ? Who must be considered as responsible to them for the good or bad administration of public affaits ? The Journal affects to ridicule our remarks on the possibility that a conservative might have been elected as mayor, if the liberal town councillors had gone into the council chamber " without previously compromi sing their opinions." A reference to the proceedings of Friday last ought to satisfy our contemporary that our supposition was not so groundless as he would wish to make it appear. If the votes given for Mr. Hornby and Mr. Walmsley had been given, in the proportions which we named on Friday, for four, in stead of two, candidates, Mr. Leigh would have been Mayor of Liverpool at the present moment—if the council adopted the most decent plan of voting. It is a gratuitous assumption on the part of the Journal to suppose that four successive divisions ought to take place, before the council came to a final division. The Town Clerk observed that " the municipal act was silent on the mode of voting." Such being the case, whatever the sapient "liberal" town councillors of Liverpool may say or do to the contrary, the prop e r mode of proceeding would be, as in the election of a member of parliament, for the one who obtained the greatest number of votes to be returned. The choice of speaker, in the House of Commons, is not strictly analagous, as the rules of the House would render it imperatioe upon the members to divide upon ev,,ry amendment, as well as on the main question. The municipal act only requires that a particular candidate should obtain "a decided majority ;" and such, we contend, Mr. Leigh would have obtained under the circumstances which we have supposed So much fur the Journal. The Albion is equally violent in declaiming- against the new mode of electing the mayor. The language of the Albion is so very strong that we feel strongly tempted to quote at length the two articles on this subject which adorn its columns. We trust, however, content ourselves with culling a few passages. The Albion takes especial delight in fixing the charge of plagiarism upon its contemporaries. The following is little better than a theft from the STANDARD : " A preliminary meeting has, we fear, from what is told us, degenerated into a focus of intrigue aml counter-intrigue to serve personal ambition and private views. A certain number of the Town Council meet in secret conclave. They ' bind themselves. that, whether right or wrong, the minority there assembled are to be carried to the Town-hall as the slaves of the majorii . on whatever points are there decided. A subsequent meet akes place at, the Town-hall. There is no discussion. e settled business of the clique is quietly and silently rek.' ered." It is surprising that such a wonderful degree of unanimity should be discovered by the radical press while dilating upon this subject. We certainly hope that the powerful declamations of the Mercury, Jour nal, Chronicle, and Albion, joined to those of the conservative press of Liverpool, will produce some permanent effect upon the electors of the town. In this hope we submit another passage from the Albion, from which much instruction may be gathered : "Now, how is the popular cause damaged by all this? Clearly in this way, that a very small but active minority, by mustering all their forces at a preliminary meeting, may there overwhelm a portion of their more liberal opponents, and then according to custom, enlisting their prisoners under their banner, march into the Town-hall, and, by their aid, outvote their own friends. This is intolerable, and must be put an end to. Next, consider the loss of character which arises to any Town Councillor who mixes himself up with petty in trigues of these preliminary meetings and happens to fall into the minority. He is known to entertain certain views; he has promised his constituents to support certain measures. He goes to the Town-hall. His constituents ars ou the watch. when, to and behold ! they stand aghast to learn, that he has woken his promises and voted against all hisdeclared opinions. [lot how.is this ? He has been to the Angel or some intrigue shop, and been playing at political pitch and toss with some rival section of the Council. Ile has cried "Heads!" when tails" have won, and the coin in which he pays his loss is an abandonment of his integrity and a sacrifice of his princi ples. 'Phis is an exact description of what has been going on. The reformers of Liverpool have a right, henceforth, to expect better things from their Town Council. They have a right to expect an open discussion and an honest vote upon all public matters. As the case now stands, they have neither one nor the other." On the subject of "secret voting" also the Albion expresses itself in terms of the strongest disapproba tion. We feel assured that our readers will excuse us for transcribing the whole of its remarks on this obnoxious topic. The electors of Liverpool will do well to ponder over the following : "Some months have now elapsed since the Reflirmers of Liverpool remonstrated with the Town Council o■ the sub ject of secret voting, which was quietly creeping into practice in all pro.•eedings in which it pleased the tut:imbed% of that body to think, that concealment would be mire convenient to their popularity than the public knowledge or the manner in which they had voted. The remonstrances of the consti tuency were apparently successful. The pride or the obsti nacy of the Council, Indeed, revolted from any thing like an open confession of error ; but there was cettaioly a tacit ❑n derstanding, tantamount to a pledge, that the Reformers should never again have cause to complain on this point. They were sa►islied and pacified. The elections caisie The secret voters were forgiven and re-chosen. The past was forgotten on the strength of the pledge given for the fu ture. It gt ieves us to have to add, that the confiding spirit evinced by the electors has been ill repaid by the conduct of those in whom it was reposed. They have rushed with breathless haste, on the first possible and safe opportunity, at once to break their pledge and disappoint the hopes of the constituency. The Mayor was. on Friday, elected, by secret voting. Emphatically, •' this is too bad." It puts an end to all fatal in the professions of public men, makes honour cheap, and laughs at the value of honesty and integrity. It is beyond all justification. It cannot even be palliated or softened down. That a set of men, "all honourable men," should, after their veracity was plighted to the contrary, combine in cheat and filch the electors out of their rights in this barefaced way, and so creep into the Council under false preteui•es. would absolutely be beyond belief, if the fact were not established beyond a doubt by the unblushing confessions of the culprits themselves. What the constituency should do on this occasion it isnot for us to say. We perform our part as honest and independent journalists when we expose these tergiversations and backsiidings in public men. We doubt not, that stone of "the doers of this dirty work" will frown upon us for thus holding them up to universal scorn. We ' care not. The frowns of such men will nut cause a ripple on the surface of our equanimity fur even a fraction of a moment." It is to be hoped that the electors of Liverpool w take these things to heart, and adopt the only effectual rti,trwdy that can be suggested—that of rejecting every liberal candidate at the next election, and choosing in their stead tnen of staunch conservative principles. TRITJMPII OF CONSERVATISM AT BRISTOL.—We learn from the last number of the Brietol Journal, that the conservatives of twat ancient and loyal city have finally emancipated Incense] v es from t he thraldom of a radical Town-council. They have struggled nobly for the ascendancy during the last three years, and. their strenuous and persevering exertions have been rewarded with success. On Friday last they elected a conservative mayor and eight conservative aldermen. The council is now composed of thirty nine conservatives and twenty jive radicals. This might have been the case in Liverpool, if the conser, vatives had exerted themselves as they might have done. But it is not yet t9O late. We sincerely hope that the example of Bristol may operate as a stimulus to the zeal of the conservatives of Liverpool, and that the time is not far distant when we may have to con gratulate the town upon its emancipation ft om the sway of radicalism. The Rec. Hugh M`ltieile has been suddenly called to Ire land by the alarming i.tuess of his father. We are happy . to hear that the collection at Christ Church, on Sunday last, after two sermons On behalf of the Sunda% School fur Ireland, amounted to the nandsouie sum of £6C 94. 7d Charles Dickens, Esq., during the past week. The City a Dublin Company's steamer, the Leeds, coin inanded by Lieutenant Poisons, R.N., arrived here on Fri day week front Plymouth, having made the trip, in a heav} sea, in the space of forty-nine hours. CH LIMA L NVISANCLS AT ST. HELEN'S.—OII Friday las:, the Grand Jury, at the adjourned quarter sessions at Kirk dale, returned true hills against four firms of alkali manu facturers at St. Helen's, for creating a nuisance by permitting noxious effluvia to escape from their works. A great number of witnesses were in attendance. " Boz," paid a visit to Liverpool OLD PAINTINGS. — We understand that a gentleman, nam ed Peel, is now at the Adelphi, with a large collection of plintings, by many of the old masters, which are open to view each day. PnnEriot.oGy.—Dr. Epps, of London, one of the disciples of the (so called) science of phrenology, is delivering a course of lectures, at the M usic -hall, on 'Tuesday and Thursday evenings. Of course he `• goes the whole hog be even considers bumpology serviceable in the practice of physic. The Cheshire Hounds will meet on Wednesday, the 14th, at Manor-house; on Thursday, the 15th, at Boothdane, Smithy; on Saturday, the 17th, at Mere; on Monday, the 19th, at Sutton Pinfuld ; on Wednesday, the 21st, at Choi mondelev Castle; on Thursday, the 22d, at Wrenbury ; on Saturday, the 24th, at Windmill on Havensmoor.—Sir Thos. Stanley's hounds will meet on Saturday, the 10t b, at Bur ton ; on Tuesday, the 13!h, at Behbingfun ; on Saturday, the 17th, at Bidston Hill. MEETING AT BOLTON.—A meeting of the friends of the Tuain Established Church Education Society was held at seven o'clock on Tuesday evening, at St. George's school room. Little Balton, the 11ev. J. Lyons, minister of St. George's, i❑ the chair. This society has been established by the Arch bishop of Tuam, for the purpose of re-opening the schools that had been closed, in consequence of the withdrawal of the gu vernment grant from the Kildare Place Society. Since then these schools bad been supported by voluntary contributions, and bad great claims upon every sincere protestant. The Rev. P. I'ounden, vicar of Wespoit, in the county of Mayo, addressed the meeting at great length. A collection was made at the conclusion. SPORTING DINNER AT RuCHDAI.E.—The annual sporting dinner at the close of the racing season, book place on Wed nesday last, at the house of Mr. Thomas Whitworth, the Sad dle Inn, in Rochdale. The usual good and loyal toasts were not tog tten 00 this occasion, and, before the close of the festivities. the following toasts were also given, viz.. "The lord of the manor,'' " the owner of Bee's Wing," "An honest sportsman," "Mr. llouldsworth," &c., all of which were most enthusiastically responded 1 0 , FAstiforxaaLK Annivais AT TILL GRAND JUNCTION no- TEL.—The Marchioness of Ormond, Lady Emily 'Frew 1,, Lady Mary Butler, Lady Carolibe But the Hon. Boyce, N. A. Vigors, M.P., Rev. P B. Maxwell and family, Mr. Mote 0. Ferran, J. Chirfon, Esq., W. Ilitburn, Esq , Capt.Truemantle, Capt. Johnstone. Colonel Hewitt, J. Col well, Esq., Rev. C. H. Waging, Wellesley Pool, Miss Pro theroe, Miss Pringle, Mts. Sconce and family, John Button, Esq , Mr. Easton, Mr. and Mrs. Wilmot and family. Lieut.- Colonel Hughes, Mr, and Mrs. c'urcell, W. M 'Donald, Esq., Capt. Malcomh, Rev. J. Spence, J. Brennon, Esq., Mr. and Mrs. Stephens and family, Capt.. H. Trench, Capt. Lawrence, Mr. and Mrs. Burke and family, and A. Lowe, Esq. THEATRE ROYAL—Last week the theatre was enlivened with racy representations of American character, by Mr. C. H. Hill, a young American actor, freshly imported, of great promise. We understand Mr. Hill to he an exceedingly gen tlemanly and clever actor, and regret that the numerous calla upon our time last week have prevented us forming our own judgment upon his abilities. Mr. Charles Kean has this week commenced a fresh engagement, and iast evening play ed as Claude Melootte, in Sir Edward Lytton Bulwer's play of "The Lady of Lyons." This evening he plays as Hamlet, in the play of that name. The lovers of dramatic poetry will therefore again have the opportunity of witnessing "the legittmate drama." ACCIDENT.—An accident of a frightful nature, and which tn:ght have proved fatal. occurred on Thursday morning last. As Mr. Thomas Cartwright, of this city, surveyor of taxes. and his son, were proceeding From Chester to attend a meet ing of Tax Commissioners at Birkenhead, it being an appeal day, they stopped at the Stanley Arms, Eastham, to give the horse sonic meal and water. and removed the bit, as lie world not drink with it on, Mr. Cartwright taking the precaution to stand by the horse's head the meanwhile. The bridle was no sooner off, than the horse started off with fearful speed, knocking Mr. Cartwright down, by which he received a vio lent cut on the face and other bruises. In the mean time, Mr. Cartwright, jun. was thrown out of the gig ivith great force, but providentially escaped without any serious injury, . _ . farther than some severe contusions, and he was enribljd after a short titne, to proceed ou to Birkenhead. His father was compelled to return to Chester by the first coach. The horse with the gig proceeded at full speed to the ferry, where it was stoppedliy 'turning into a stajde or shed In its pro gress from Eastham to the ferry, it fortunately met with no thing on the road. The gig was however overturned twice, and sadly shattered, but the horse sustained very little in jurv.—Chester Gazette. Hannay and Dietritthsen's Almanack, Astronomic-a Ephemeris,.and Book of Gene-al Information for 1839. We are positively at a loss for words to express our as!onishment at the 'nip ireileled comprehensiveness of the Almanack just published by Messrs. Hannay mid Dietrichsen, foi the ensu ing year. There is scarcely a suhject in the usual rout ine of events to which we do not find reference in this book of 100 pages - . at the insignitßant cost of 6d; a stun which positively can little mote than cover the price of the paper. '{•he bio. graphical and chronological tables are exceedingly particularly those for the present vear. Tne eclipses, are duly noticed, and the progress comet during the remainder of the present year, and Gi b art's in 1839. are traced by diagrams of the heavens. We have the list of the royal househ o ld s ; the House of Lord , giving the titles of the Peers, the f am ily name. the motto of the Feers, and dates of creation ; the House of Commons is given twice, first alphabetically, secondly arranged by the places th e meinAters represent; the whole of the army list, giving the Officers names alphabetically arranged, (a desi deratum long wanted) with the dates of Commission, and the appointment the officer hol , :s; the navy list is given in like manner; the bankers, provincial and metropolitan; the . corp o ration dignities; ambassadors and consuls; univers , ties ; the list of fairs throughout the kingdom is by far the best ever printed; and in short, as we have before observed, iniformation upon every possible topic of interest is afforded to the public in this most useful pamphlet. Messrs. Hannay and Dictrichten have certainly put ail competition out of the field, for, we should say, it would be impossible for any other firm to produce a similar eempilation at five times the cost."—Morning Chronicle, Oct. 28. Published by the Proprietors, and sold at their warehouse, 63, Oxford-street, London ; and by all Booksellers and Sta tioners in the kingdom. In Liverpool, by Smith, 2-1, Scot land-place. The Sovereign coach, from this city to London, again plies throughout the journey upon the turnpike-road, in conse qurnc of the irregularity of the railroad conveyance, ocea stonim; it Irequently to he considerably behind its usual time of arriving. —Worcester Herald. A SnouT COURTSHIP, AND ITS RESULTS. — On Monday last, a cottqn weaver, residing in Little Park, Middleton, aged 39 years, a widower, got married to a silk weaver, a widow, aged 43 years. Their courtshiplwas only of three days' standing, but in less than three days after they separated, both sides declaring there was no love lost between them.— Manchester paper. MAIL COACH Guaans.—Circulars have been directed to all mail coach guards from the General Post-office, offering those under three years in the service, £7O per annum; three years to ten years, £lOO do.; ten years to filteen years, £ll5 do.; above fifteen gears, £l3O lo.—in lieu of all fees or g ratuities whatsoever. The guards already in the service 'nay have the option of rec e i vi n g th e i r p a y and fees as now, or to accept the above; but if th e y a c c e pt the above rate, they must receive no fees, on pain of instant dismissal. We regret to nat., that there is vet no further information with regard to the Queen's visit to Brighton; and it now seems exceedingly dwibtful whether her Majesty will be here during the present mouth. 'I he orders fur the removal of the household troops to this place have, we understand, been coun termanded.—Briyht en Gazette. NOVEL MODE OF HOUSING CovN.—A novel way of housing corn was the other week adopted at Alston. The owner of a field of barley, ready fir taking in, observed by the lowering appearan:e of the mountain Crossfell that rain was fast ap proaching, watched the opportunity of the schools loosing at mid-day, and engaged the youthful bands, who in a very short time carried the field, sheaf by sheaf, in their arms to the barn, and thus secured ate whole before the wind and rain came on, which was very severe.—.Carlisle Patriot. -•-- - A Pete, OF VENER ABLE e PIinIISTHIANS.—There are two individuals residing at Leyland, titan and wife, of the name o f li e hkinson. A few days ago having to travel from Southport (where they had been on a visit to their daughter) to their residence, a distance of about seventeen miles, they accidentally missed their conveyance, and were therefore compelled to walk home. This they accomplished with coin partitive ease, and neither of the aged pair experienced any fatigue or inconvenience from their journey. The day after this feat was the birth-day of both the aged pedestrians, their eighty-foul th birth-day.—Preston SINGULAIt EFFECTS (IF PRINTING IN Goete.—Many of our readers have, doubtless, seen the copies of the Sun, London evening newspaper, printed in go:d. Some particulars re specting the mode of printing, and also the remarkable effects produced on the wotk-people employed in the operation, are given in the last number of tile Medical Gazette, in a letter from a surgeon, a M r . G ur ney Turney. It seems, that, on the 17th of Jir youth of 19, empleyed in this new process, applied at the London General Dispensary, fur relief from a most distressing itching and pains. He stated, that, on the third day-of being thus employed, he had been seized with vomiting of a green-coloured fluid, and a sensation of heat in the oesophagus, with pain in the stomach, which he referred to swallowino and inhaling portions of the powder diffused through the air of the retell; this was followed by itching, ten derness of the stomach and bowels, accompanied by- Liss of appetite and rest. The hair on the head and peasen was of a grass-green colour. From his continual scra t c hi ng , Mr. Turn ey. %sus n o t able to distiugnish the precise charecter of the eruption. The youth was restored to heath in about a fortnight, by medical treatment, described in the letter. He stated, that the golden hue of the print was communicated by brushing a fine hronze-coloured powder (composed, accord ing to the workmen's account, of copperas, verdigris, arid quicksilver) over the type, which is first printed in yellow ink. This powder is given to those entploti tit In ounce packets, and about forty hands were thus employed, almost ail of tehout had been forced, alter a tune, to give up this wet k, some keeping at it only two days; others for a week or more; but all suffering more 01 less from its efforts. Mr. *Forney whls: —"This case having excited lily curiosity, 1 ;not ob tained permission, to see the process of printiog those papers. They are printed with yeltew Ink, cempesed el size and gam . [mg.., and the!) handed over to meu who, with a ceinmon hat brush, distribute the powder over lite paper, which adheres lire moist printed portions. About a dozen persons were thus engaged when I visited the office, all of whom. complained, more or less, of the same symptoms. Some added, that this irritating powder had caused deep ulcers; others declared it nod etrivated them to a certain extent; but, though their gums appeared sponey, they hardly seemed more so than , j those of most persons whose stomachs were omit of order; rind anl could not detect any mercutial ftor. I wished much to be allowedn()n ; ques t could not b e gran t e d , as it s com position i s k e pt a se cret. I to t h a my ve a portion of th's powd e r f or c h em i ca l ex r e was told it was prepared in Ger many: it looked like very fine brass filings; the whole air of the room was loaded with it, and my coat glistened, as also did my face and hair, which rivalled, in brightness, the wig of Caligula, who had resource to gold dust to produce the ef fect I obtained so cheaply.' POLICE INfELLIGE,.VCE. A SWELL PRIG.—A few days ago two well-dressed, re spectable-looking young men, named Grant and Dixon ' were placed at the bar of the Police -court, charged with having picked the pocket of a lady as she was passing along Lime street, from church, on Sunday evening week, If it were not fur their many delinquencies which have rendered them rather notorious, these two individuals might escape sus picion, so respectable is their outward aspect, and so plausi ble their address and manners. Grant was, on the occasion al uded to, committed to the House of Correction for three months, and Dixon was discharged for want of evidence. These knaves usually employ an attorney, that any little dis crepancies in the evidence may be turned to their advantage; and they have, usually, peen very fortunate. We have only to add, that the two •A hum we have named, though they be- long to a numerous gang, seem to be bosom friends. as, when both are at large, they have always been brought before the magistrates as equal participators in guilt. On Saturday, George Dixon, who had been so fortunate as to escape when his friend was sent to quarters for the winter, was again placed before Mr. Hail. A young gentleman pained filcher, stated, that on Friday evening, on his way homeward, he caked in at the cel•ar of Mr. Davis, al the corm r of Murray- . _ -trees, famous fur the superior ale there sold. lie ordered a glass of this excellent bevelage, and was standing at the counter, enjoying it at his ease, when he felt the hand of some person in his coat pocket. He turned round, and saw the prisoner sanding close behind him. At the same moment he put his hand in his pocket, and missed his silk handker chief. He immediately seized the prisoner by the collar, and challenged him with the theft, being convinced, by the man ner in which he withdrew his hand, and put it behind his back, that he was the individual is ho had robbed him. The prisoner protested that he knew nothing whatever of the matter, and appealed to the persons present whether he was a likely rersou to steal a gentleman's pocket-handkerchief. \Ve may remark, that the prisoner was dressed in a hand some new black coat, light-coloured vest, and gray panta loous, a totally different, Though not more fashionable, dress than -that in which he last appeared. Mr. Pitcher ' however, was not to be deceived. He had distinctly seen the prisoner pass something to a person behind him. He, therefore, loosed his hold, and requested a person whom he knew to call a police-officer. During the absence of the party on this mission, Dixon assumed an important air, and advancing to Mr. Filcher he said, " Do you mean to maintain, Sir, that I have stolen your handkerchief ?" Mr. Pilcher replied, "Yes, 1 do." The prisoner, upon this, struck him a violent blow on the mouth, exclaiming, "Feel in your pocket, Sir, and there you will find your handkerchief, though von persist iu saying that I have stolen it." Mr. Filcher, though he felt convinced of the impossibility of the statement being true, felt in his pocket, and there, sure enough, he found his hand kerchief, which must have been replaced by some of the gang. lie was convinced it was not there a few n,inutes be fore, as he had searched for it with some anxiety, The cel lar, it appeared, was nearly full of people at the time. Mr. Davenport, who appeared for the prisoner, cross-examined the witness at considerable length, but nothing material was elicited. The prisoner, when asked what he had to say in hiS defence, spoke not of the charge, but said, since his last committal he had been exceedingly ill, and had been attended by three or four medical men from the Dispensary. He had been entirely unable to stir out of doors. Yet, he did not attempt to deny that he was taken by the policeman in Davis's cellar Mr. Hall said, he.wished he could induce both him and his friend to quit Liverpool. He was committed to the Borough Gaol for three months. EMBEZZLEMENT. —A youth of respectable exterior was placed before Mr. Hall, at the Police-office. on Saturday, charged with having embezzled several sums of money be longing to his employers, Messrs. Pritchard and Co., oil merchants and drysalters. The prisoner, before he was plac..eil at the bar, attracted attention, from the tnental an guish which he was evidently suffering. He is well cnn fleeted ; and we are informed that his friends had offered to pay the whole amount of his defalcations, if the parties wonld forego the prosecution. Circumstances, which it is unnecessary to detail, as well as a regard for justice, ren dered it impossible to comply with this request. He was . . taken into custody by constable M'Comb. who, on his arrival at Bridewel!, requested him, in compliance with the usnal custom, to produce the contents of his pockets. Ile placed on the table a pocket-book. ten shillings and nine-pence, and sure memorandums. 111•Coinli, thinking he had not pro duced all in his possession, searched him. Nothing was found in his pockets ; but . in his hand M 'Comb found a bottle, which Le grasped, in the hope that it would escape detection. This bottle contained what, on examination, proved to he strong prussic acid. M'Comb q,nestioned him as to his reason for having poison in his possession. He said he had purchased it sumo time since for the purpose of trying experiments on cats. He would not tell where he bought it, nor would he answer ary questions as to his reasons for not delivering it up with the other articles. M'Comb has endea voured to find out where it was procured, but he has not yet been successful. Mr. James Smi!b, cash-keeper with Messrs. Pritchard and Co., deposed that the prisoner had been in the service of the latter nearly three Years. His occupation was that of collecting-clerk, and his duties were to go about the town g,theringin accounts, and to receive money from any one who might call at the counting-house when he was there. About a fortnight since, he was sent to die. Joseph Cannon, druggist, St. James•street , with an account, the amount of which was £l9 18s. 1(1. He returned, and. stated that Mr. Cannon was not in. Mr. Smith sent the prisoner again six days after. lie again returned, and (lid not deliver in the money, but said Mr, Cannon would look into it. Two or three days subsequently, Mr. Smith sent another clerk, who brought back an account for the sum of £lB 13s. which had on it a receipt in the name and handwriting of the prisoner. Shortly after the arrival of the young man, the prisoner en tered the office. Mr. Smith showed him the receipt, and asked him if it were correct. He said it was. Mr. Smith told Mr Pritchard of the. discovery they' had made, and the latter ordered him into custody. Several similar cases were discovered, but only two were brought forward, that above detailed and the Wowing :—A clerk of Messrs. Pritchard and Co. went to Mr, Armstrong, tallow chandler, St. James'. street, and presented two accounts ' one for the sum of £2l 3s 61, the other for £2O 12a . 9.1. Mr. Armstrong produced receipts iu the prisoner's handwrizing. It was proved that the money bad not been paid in. Mr. Pritcbard, when he discovered that these accounts had been received by the soner, asked him if there were any more. Ile replied, "No." It subsequently turned out that this was false, the prisoner having received several other sums. Mu. Cannon and Mr. Armstrong ptovee th4lt they had paid the money to the prisoner, whom they well knew. When M•Comb took the prisoner into custody', he asked him what he had done with the money. His reply was, ''l eaunot tell." The pri boner is a good-looking youth, shout seventeen or eighteen years old. Ile h,tl nothing to say in his de.fence, .and,..was committed for trial, tne witnesses being bound in recogni canoes ofso each to appear and give evidence. FoNriNk.ss Pot: OLo CusTosts -- An old _gentleman, named Stiipiing, appea;e4l on Saturday, before Mr. Hall, tr answer a chaise under v‘hich he had t;eeu hummoned by in formation froth one of Ole officers of police. The latter stated, that on the night of the sth of icovenihssr, the de• fendaut placed a tar-barrel in the ❑riddle of Bedford street; - . and.set fire to it, thereby causing great noise and disorder in the neighbourhood, Not content with this, he was letting off squibs and crackers in the street during ihe night. Mr. Hall:—" Well sir, what have you to say to this ?" Mr. Stripling:—" Why, I have to say, that - I've been in the habit of doing it tor twenty years, and that I don't know of any law that there is to prevent it." Mr. Hall:—" Fortu nately there is a law against it." Mr. Stripling:—" Then I'm sorry that the old law is abolished. There's too many newfangled laws now. One mustal do as one likes." "I'm sorry to see a man at your time of life so foolish. You must pay 20s. and costs." Mr. Stripling :—" I won't pay • I'll appeal. I'm not accustomed to paying 20s. and costs." A new case was called, hut the defendant continued to talk about the deprivation of amusement, the innovations of mo dern law, and the customs of our forefatlers, and protesting,, that he would not pay a shilling. Mr. Hall You had better retire, sir." Defendant—(thrusting his hands vio lently into his breeches pocket) :—"I suppose I might as well pay it and hare done with it, or I don't know what may come next." The defendant hereupon threw down the mo ney with a jerk, and retired grumbling from the court. Eneke's cornet was on Wednesday visible to the naked eve at intervals in this town. It appeared like a handful of dim vapour, through which, with the aid of a good glass, the s tars were distinctly visible.—Shrewsbury paper. EXTRAORDINARY LEAP.—A greyhound bitch, the pro perty of Mr. J. Bonstead, of Sedbergh, haying been taken to Killington Hall on Thursday week for the purpose or cours ing, was shut up in a barn, when the poor animal, not relish ing the restraint, mounted to the top of a large hay mow, and finding a hole just under the rigging of the barn, with out further ceremony bounded to the ground. The distance from the hole to the ground bring measured, was found to lie thirty. four feet. The bitch was nut the least injured by the leap, but actually ran and won her course soon afterwards. —Carlixie Patriot. A meeting is advertised to take place at Burscough Bridge, on Wednesday next, for the purpose of securing to the boatmen employed on the Lancashire part of the Leeds and Liverpool canal the uninterrupted enjoyment of the Sab bath us a day of rest and religions devotion. We are glad to learn that almost the whole of the influential boat owners in the neighbourhood of Wigan have determined to discon tinue the traffic on the Sabbath day.--Afunchester Courier. Justice to Ireland has become a sad prostitute,.and there fore it is much better to 'stand-at-ease,' and have nothing to do with her, as she will eventually break your hack, by em ploying you as a convenient stepping-stone to assist her heartless and brainless favourites to scamper into warm ber►hs.--Dublin Monitor, a New Daily Independent Journal. The sugar question in France has been disposed of, for the present, by an ordinance reducing the duty on Colonial sugar one third, and the imposition of a duty of sixtee❑ Frances and a half on every hundred killogrammes of beet-root sugar. THE CusnrEitisTs.—On Wednesday evening, a public meeting was held by torch light, in a brick croft, near the Association Chapel, Rochdale; Joshua Haigh in the chair. It was addressed, in very intemperate language, by Feargus O'Connor, Stephens, Taylor, and others, when the "charter" was agreed upon.— James Taylor, of Spud:toil, was elected the delegate to the national convention. There was but a very slender meeting, consisting of about five hundred people. There were ten flags, and about forty pieces of lighted pitch rope.—The mob paraded some of the streets. The transfer clerk and two other confidential servants of the Eastern Counties Railway Company, have absconded to America, and have nut only carried along with them a con siderable sum of money received on account of their employ ers, but they have also forged transfers of shares to a large amount, and pocketed the amount. WIGAN.--TOKEN OF EsTakm.—On Thursday the congre gation of St. George's Church, through their excellent pas• tor, the Rev. It. B. Powell, presented Mr. John Woods with a handsome silver cup, for Ills praiseworthy exertions in pre serving the church, when the adjoining factory, belonging to the Messrs. Cartwright's was destroyed bv fire, on the 11th September last. The cup bore an appropriate inscription. Don Miguel, of Portugal, and the .Prince Burghese had a quarrel lately at Rome. Don Miguel sent a challenge to the Prince, but the Prince replied that he could not fight a duel with a man who lived on the charity of the Pope. ACCIDENT TO THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON.—WhiIst the Duke of Wellington was following the hounds between Wei mer and Vpiier Deal, on Saturday week, his horse fell. Lord Mahon promptly came to his assistance : the old soldier shook the dirt off his cloak, and rode away, nothing injured— he is accustomed to tumbles. It would appear tnat the breach between Lord Durham and his ministerial colleagues is regarded as irreconcileable, for most of the journals under the influence of the Treasury have already opened a brisk attack upon his lordship. Toe MEETING OF PARLIAMENT. Various statements' have been made relative to the. intentions of government in this matter; the middle of January, and not earlier, is, we on•le:stand front good authority, the appointed time, WIGAN TowsCol'Nell.,— is an annis'l3g fact that Mr. Fegan. the late mayor of Wigan, who chose to signalize hi s at'aelvortit to the liberty of the press by a systematic and detetm;ned exclusion of the reporters for the conservative journal in that town from the court in which he presided, has oeen returned to the council for Queen-street ward, whilst Mr. Griffith, the proprietor of the newspaper in question, who, by a jury, at the assizes, was awarded £lO in damages for an assault upon his person by Mr.Fegan, in ejecting him from the court , has been returned for All Saints ward. I Irish " gintleman," w ho has such an abhorrence of tory news paper men, and the editor of the Wigan Gazette will thus he seated " cheek by jowl" at the same board." Let us hope they will act together amicably for the public good. The lady who is singing in public as Madame Alhertazzi, is an Englishwoman born and bred, who but a few years since was singing in London as " Miss Howson." SPURIOUS COIN.—A large quantity of spurious fourpenuy pieces, professing to be of the present reign, have lately got into circulation. They are not well executed. MISCELLANEOUS. GRRENWICH RAILWAY.—It is said that this line will be opened the whole way to Greenwich in the course of the pre sent month. Its present terminus is at Deptford. 011THOGRAPHICAL GEMS. —In a window in White-horse yard, Drury-lane, may be seen a bill announcing that " kar pets is beet and mezagses tended to," by the person in the kitchen. In Duke•street, Westminster; " ile for sallaydes" is sold. LONGEVITY.—It is said that there is now living at Hamp stead a gentleman named Solomons, of the Jewish persua sion, 110 years of age. He formerly carried on the business of a jeweller, at Watford, in Hertfordshire, and has upwards of 50 grandchildren. ROCHDALE CATTLE FAIR.--On Wednesday last, the annual cattle fair was held, according -to ancient custom. There was a very good show of cattle; milkers were i❑ good demand, and sold at high prices; but drapes and fat cows were sold at very low prices. NEW CHURCH.—On Thursday afternoon last, the corner stone of a new church, to be dedicated to the Apostle St. Peter, was laid by Robert Gardner, Esq.. of Manchester. A procession from the Jubilee School to the site of the new church, was of an imposing character, consisting of the Sun day-school children and a number of the clergy of the estab lished church.—Mancherier Courier. THREE PERSONS FOUND DEAD.—On Monday last, two men and a boy were found dead, in the neighbourhood of Bayswater, under the hill called High-street, betwixt Kent mere and Ullswater. They were discovered by a shepherd's dog, which gave token to its master of having found some thing unusual, and on his approach to the spot the melan choly scene presented itself to his view. They proved to be three persons of the names of Huddleston, Macgearv, and a son of the latter, a lad about thirteen; the first a tailor, be longing to the village of SuaVely, near Kendal: the elder Macgeary a small farmer in Kentmere. It appears they bad gone early on Saturday morning to angle in the mountain tarn of Hayswater, which abounds with fish of an excellent flavour, and it is conjectured that they sat themselves down in the midst of a heavy snow storm, and being overcdme Ly drowsiness, had sunk into sleep and fallen victims to the in clemency of the day.---Lancaster Paper. A Nics POlNT.—ThomasCliff, the keeper of a leer-house, at Townsend, Warrington, appeared before the magistrates on Wednesday, to answer an information charging him with keeping open his house for the sale of beer, at three o'clock on Sunday morning, the 28th ult. Povey, the police con stable, deposed to having seen a boy in an entry adjoining the defendant's house, on the morning in question, who told hint he was waiting for John Thomason, who was gone to the defendant's house, and saw a light in the cellar. The de fendant's wife was drawing sonie liquor into a half-gallon jug from a cask. Shortly ufter she_opened the door and looked round to see if the police were watching her. Wit ness then saw a man with a half-gallon jug in his hand, which the defendant's wife took from him on seeing witness. Witness saw some froth on the jug, and could swear . that the liquor was not buttermilk. The defence set up and proved by the evidence of one witness was, that the liquor seen by the officers was nothing more or less than buttermilk, which the man spoken of had gone to the defendant's house to purchase, in order to make himself and his wife some por ridge. The bench, in the absence of positive evidence of the defendant's guilt, dismissed the information on payment of costs, Mr. Halland Mr. Gaskell recommending the police. man to be more particular for the future, this being the second case that week in which evidence had been called to prove that he was mistaken.—Manchester Courier. THE NAM—The state of our navy begins to excite public attention. Some alarm exists as to the projects of Russia. There is a probability of war, and as the navy has been neg lected through 23 years of peace, it seems now to be suddenly discovered that the right arm of our safety is weak and de crepit!, if not paralyzed. We are at issue with Russia as to the affairs of Persia, and to-day it is stated that the large naval farce collected at Sebastopol, and of which the effici ency has lately been much vaunted, was expected at Con stantinople. The English fleet under Admiral Stopford has been ordered to prepare for an emergency, and at Con stantinople, it was expected, should the Russian fleet enter the Bosphorus, that the British fleet would pass the Darda nelles. A collision between them is, in fact, not so unex pected as was the collision between the British and Turkish fleets at Navarino. The Russian fleet is said to consist of two ships of 120 guns, and six of 84—a formidable fleet; but Russia is not able, we believe, to collect a force in that neighbourhood at which Admiral Stopford need feel the least alarm. At the same time, the possibility of a war with Russia, which must be carried on chiefly by our ships anni hilating the commerce of Russia, and the formidable fleet possessed by France, make the present condition of our navy, now again, after many )ears of neglect, one of intense public interest —Sun. THE MACINTOSH CLOAKS.—These Outer garments are now all the rage throughout ►he country—go a here one may, old and young, great and small, male anu female—well formed or deformed—all are to by seen enveloped in these most co mically cut, impenetrable habiliments. The fashions of these are as various as the tastes of their wearers. Some are to be seen walking about in them, as if they had been pitched into a bottomless sack, which was, then, tied at the mouth to prevent them from advancing or retreating.—The shape of others—" if shape it can be called which shape has none"— bears a nearer resemblance to that of an ill-made smock-frock, than any thing ever destined for the " human form divine." Some are made exceedingly capacious, others inconveniently confined.—Of the former, many fit their occupants as the sentry-box does the soldier—touching nowhere.—Of the lat ter, one would be inclined to imagine, that their wearers' were hide bound, or that the composition—in the process of " the fabrics" as they are called, was adapted to them in puris na tural/Gus. It would seem that they were intended as a bur lesque on the professors of the Art of Cutting, ur that all the patterns of a tailors board had been first thrown into confu sion, and then a few wete drawn at random, which united as chance might direct were to be the prototypes of these gro tesque dresses. Be this as it may they are the fashion, and that is enough.—They are, besides, more useful than orna mental, and as winter always begins to give very sensible and regular signs of his approach, it is but natural that all who p o s s ibly can, should provide against his inclement visitation. Whea class of men, therefore, more require the protection of Macintosh's impenetrable fabrics than those much exposed indiVidual., who are invariably to he found,—blow high blow law, be the weather foul or fair, in readiness at Piccadi!ly, with their coaches and horses, prepared to sacrifice their do mestic comforts for the public accomodation. Who so hard hearted as not to sympathize with the sufferings of tho " Se ten innocents—the "sweet little cherubs that sit up aloft, when rudely assailed by the pelting of the pitiless stone?—it was then, a gratifying spectacle for the compassionate. to behold them, or the greater portion of them, turn out a few mornings ag o. on their parade, opposite the Infirmary, in Hi Macintosh Uniform. For the comfort of cabmen or any other class of her Majestv's subjects, it is to be regretted hat the sensibilities of public officers are nut so easily affected. Tnis simultaneous display could• not escape their ever vigilant e) es—they at once suspected that a screw was loose somewhere. and . lost no time in making tiie necessary enquires. Keswick, assisted by Green and Irwin, soon discovered whence • the supplies were furnished to the corps. It appeared that a coachman named Harrison. now confined in the hospital with a broken leg, purchased a quantity (admitted to be no less than '2O) of the Macintosh coats, from a person named John Booker, who is in the employment of Messrs. 13ir1ey, Macintosh and Co. — at the price of 4s. each; and that be (Harrison) sold them to his brethren of the whip, at I6s. each. Bunker on being ques tioned respecting the manner in which he came by them, at tint denied all knowledge of the matter, but on being told that all was known, he admitted having stolen the coats from the warehouse in Cambridge-street, Chorlton-upon-Medlock. He had always access to the warehouse,—and a a vniled himself of it to commit the present fraud. lie took the coats singly, The policeman recovered most of the propeity, which was identified by Mr. Booth, the manager of the firm, and on Thursday, Booker was fully committed to the session.—Man chester Courier. A TENDIin Fl USBAND.—Ayoun named William . - Bickerton, who lives in Joddrell-street, was brought up be tore R. J. J. Norrevs and J. B. Smith, Esqrs. at the New Bailey, yesterday, charged with threatening to shout his wife, under the following circumstances:—The prisoner's wife stated that she and her husband frequently quarrelled, and that he had often threatened to take away her life. On Thursday they had again been quarrelling, and he went out and returned again with a loaded pistol, and said be would shoot her. She told him she would fetch the police to him; upon which he swore at her, and said he would prevent that; at the same time he snapped the pistol, but it missed fire.—A young man stated that he was present at the time, and he believed, if the pistol had gone miff, the woman would have been shot.—Sawlev, the beadle, said the pistol was loaded with powder and ball ; and, on inquiry, it had been found, that he had bought the pistol not long before he attempted to shoot. his wife.—The prisoner said his wife had provoked him, and he only intended to frighten her.—The magistrates said they should commit him to answer the charge at the sessions, but would admit him to bail on his finding two sureties of £2O each to appear.- As no sureties were foith coming, he was lucked up.—Manchester Guardian. EXTRAORDINARY DISCOVKRY ON HOMAN SKELETONS.-- Dr. Anima, of Wallingford, has written an account of some most interestimr discoveries which have been recently made at Shooter's Bill, near Pangbourn, Berks, on the line of the Great Western Railway. Several Itunian skeletons, in a high state of preservation, have been disinterred, which are the remains of Roman soldeis, who fell, in all probability, during their sanguinary conflicts with the ancient Britons Small sepulchral urns of rude workmanship, but elegant and classical devices, were in the graves, and upwards of forty Roman coins, of gold, silver, and brass, of the reigns of Do mitian, Constantine, Julian the Apostate, Constantius, Gra cianus, Licinius or Lupiciuius, the Pro-praetor, (who was invested with regal authority), and several others. Spear heads, battle-axes, and spurs of British and Homan manu facture, were luau found; and some of the graves contained considerable masses of charcoal, without bones, indicating that funeral honours had been paid to the deceased warrior, and that. hi; remains had beets burned previous to interment. Some of the coins are in good preservation; but others are worn, cankered, and illegible. The bones are well preserved, having lain in the dry gravel, about four feet from the sur face,immediately overlying the chalk; and one of the skulls appears heavier and more consolidated than natural, owing probably to its being in the incipient state of the process of petrefaction. —Standard. DR 11-110T.—KVAN'S PATENT.—On Wednesday last, a fun gus pit was opened in the yard of the Anti-Dry-rot Company, David -street, for the purpose of exhibiting the effect of Kyan's process for the preservation of timber and canvas against dry-rot. There were present the boroughreeve and constables, several architects and builders, and many other gentlemen. The result of the experiment, though the period of trial was only twelve months, fully confirms all that has been stated of the efficacy of the process. We were peseta on the 7th of November last year, when the various sub tances, submitted to trial, were deposited in the pit. They consisted of twelve planks,(six Kyanisedand six unprepared,) two nail bags, two pieces of common wrapper, two pieces of inch rope, two pieces of packing rope, and two balls of twine, one piece of each sort being prepared. The wood consisted of spruce fir, English poplar, American elm, American ash, American birch, and American oak.—On opening the pit, Mr. B ackie, the agent of the company, first exhibited the bails of twine. That which had not been Kyanised was so completely rotten, as to have the appearance of black soil; that which had been prepared was, on the contrary, as pet , feet and as strong as when deposited. The unprepared pack ing rope fell into pieces on being brought out of the pit; but the Kyanised piece had not undergone any change. The prepared inch rope, except a small piece of it, probably the the patt held by the person is ho dipped it in the tank, was also sound; whilst the unprepared was quite decayed. The same results were also observable on the wrappers and nail bags. Nothing, indeed, could be more satisfactory than the results as regarded the canvas anti ropes. A silk handker chief, which had been dipped in the tank, was also quite.sound when taken out of the pit. The experiment upon the timber was highly satisfactory. As the pieces had been deposited only twelve months, the progress of decay had not been very great upon the unp r epared wo o d; all the unprepared pieces, however, were, to a certain extent, infected with dry-lot, whilst those that had been Kyanised was perfectly free from it. The result of the experiment gave great satisfaction to the spectators, a large propur!ion of wheal, previous to 'heir leaving the yard, signed a testimonial to that effect. In order, however, to give the public further evidence of the efficacy of the process, Mr. Blackie determined to submit the wool, and other substances, to the test of another year's exposure to the decaying influence of the fungus pit. Accord yesterday at noon, the same pieces of wood, prepared and un- Prenared, end the prepared rope, were again deposited in the pit, and along with them a few yards of calico, one half of which was Kyanised. be pit was then closed, and the key delivered to the care of one of the gentlemen present. It will he again opened at the expiration of twelve months, when the efficacy of the process will, we doubt not, be established by further proof. —Manchester Courier. Bost MOT.—A person having wilfully put an end to his life, by drowning in the canal, the coroner's jury returned a verdict of "Febo de se." Upon hearing it, a wag exclaimed. how can that be, for he "Fell in de cut." GREAT IMPROVEMENTS IN GUN-LOCKS.—An Italian, named liosaglio, who resides in this country, announces a gun-lock, constructed upon such new and curious principles that. it acts without any exterior combustion, needs no prim ing, and flees the discharge from all flame or smoke but what is emitted at the mouth of the barrel. The poor Nottingham mechanic. now Sir John Leman, Bart., who lately succeeded in establishing his claim to that Baronetcy, seems to be making a friendly tour a through the towns and villages which were dear to him in the days of his humble fortune. Ott Monday he paid a visit to a few old friends and acquaintances at Castle Donnington, and dis tributed his newly acquired wealth with a liberal hand amongst his old associates and fellow-craftsmen; and the Donnington ringers cheered his heart with a rejoicing peal at his successful fortune.--Leughi.oreugh.Journal. CAPTAIN TCLLOCH'S REPORT OF THE SICKNESS AND' MORTALITY OF THE TROOPS IN THE WEST INDIES.— The first and most startling of the facts established by this report is, that between 1803 and 1836 upwards of 33,000 of cer fellow-soldiers have perished in the West Indies. This is exclusive entirely of the casualities by warfare, and the deaths wnich took place in Martinique, Guadaloupe, Surinam, and other colonies captured during the last war, and ceded at the peace; it is also exclusive of the deaths of black troops. Consequeutiy, during these thirty-three years more than four times the whole force has been cut off by disease alone; and the average duration of the life of every soldier sent to that climate has not exceeded seven years and a half. —United Service Journal. The notorious Acland, the firebrand of Bristol notoriety, arrived in Huddersfield this week, as a lecturer on teetotalism, and so far imposed 'on the committee of the Temperance So ciety as to induce them to patronise him, and got bills printed for a lecture on Thursday evening, but before that time his character was d:scovered, and they refused to have any thing more to do with him. This subject having failed, he applied to a few whigs, offering to lecture in favour of the new poor law, which he describes as the best law ever passed, consequently, to raise a few shillings, he proposes giving a lecture on that subject at Is. admission.—Leeds Intelligencer. AucrioN EXTRAORDINARY.—On Saturday week, a female dressed in very gay attire, was sold by public auction in the !Market-place of Bridlington, The competition was rather brisk, and she was finally k noc k e d d own t o a d ea l er i n fish for the moderate suer. (..4 two guineas. This disgusting ex hibition attracted a large audience; and a poor auctioneer, who was dilating upon the qualities of a post-horse, Which he was offering to the notice of the public, suddenly found himself deserted by his hearers, who moved off by common consent to the more novel and attractive sale of - the lady, leaving the auctioner and his horse to themselves.— York Chronicle. AN AMATEUR PtscAToa.-Joseph Jackson, .a lad about fifteen years of age, was placed before the magistrates of Warrington, on Monday week, charged with damaging a cart-horse, the property of his master, Mr. Daniel - Griffiths. The prisoner, it. appeared, had pulled pretty nearly every hair from the tail of his master's horse, and had so altered its appearance as to transfoitn its fine switch rail into an elegant " rat." The.prisoner's excuse was his need of a new supply of fishing lines, and a commission which he had been re- quested to execute for another of Isaac Waltou's followers. The horse was damaged to the amount of fifty shillings; but on the prisoner expressing his contrition, he was convicted in the fine of 15s. and ss. costs. SUICIDE AND EXTENSIVE DEFALCATIONS.—The inhabi tants of Islington, London, have been in an extraordinary state of excitement, in consequence of the suicide, by bang ing, of Mr. Hobert Oldershaw, who was for thirty-five years the vestry-clerk of that parish, and who held other high and important situations. Scenes of themost heartrending kind resulted from his death, as many who believed that they were independent of the world ascertained that they were penni less. His stewardships were inumerable, and for many years he had been actuary of the Islington Savings' Bank. One lady, named Chick, residing in Cloudesley-square, some. years ago intrusted £15,000 with the deceased, to purchase stock in the funds, which he did; and ever since he has regularly half-yearly paid her the interest. By the persuasion of her friends, she afterwards made inquiries at the Bank of England, and was informed, that 14,000 had been sold out, leaving a balance in her favour of £l,OOO, which is all she now possesses. BEER versus WATER. Samuel Hamblett, the landlord of a beer house in Warrington, appeared before the magistrates on Monday, to answer an information, charging him with keepiug his house open on Sunday morning, the 28th Oc tober, before the hour allowed by law.—Povey, one of the Warrington police, deposed to having seen, at the early hour of three o'clock in the morning, two women coming out of the defendant's back door, carrying a half-gallon can, containing something having white froth upon it.—Mr. Bea. • , moot, solicitor, on behalf of the defendant, called the two ladies spoken of in the policeman's evideuce, and they botha swore that the can contained nothing bnt rain water, which they had fetched from the defendant's yard, for the purpose of washing clothes fur their children, in order to send them clean to the Sunday-school the same morning. • Both wit nesses denied having been in the defendant's house, although Povey spoke to having seen them through the keyhole, talking to the defendant's wife.—The magistrates dismissed . the information.—Manchester Courier. The Earl of Stamford has ordered all the cottages on his estates to be repaired at his own expense, whilst heretofore the different parishes used to repair them. For the future, however, it seems the present occupiers will be rated, and possession of the cottages left to tbeir successors; and the Earl has, in addition, ordered that the poor tenantry shall be supplied with materials for building or enlarging their cot tages, in order that cottagers with large families may be made more comfortable, provided they can pay for the work manship. The poor labourers have also had small allotment of land let to them at is. per hundred yards, to grow po• tatoes and other vegetables upon.— Leicester Chronicle. A prospectus for a new steam navigation company, entitled 7 i x". the "Pacific Steam Navigation Company," has appeared, ;'1 "s, and created much interost in the mercantile circles connected with the countries on tie shores of the Pacific. The object of ibis company is to establish steam navigation along the., coast from Valparaiso to Panama, embracing all the princi pal ports in Chili, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and the west coast of New Grenada, and, in conjunction with her Majes- " ty's packets.in the Atlantic, to promote a more rapid and re- • . gular communication with Europe by the isthmus of Darien, • by which it is ascertained, on the best authority,.. that the • voyage from England to Lima can be performed in about 30 and to our Australian settlements in about 70 days, in stem; of f tor months, points as desiderata that can require no • • continent when the. mercantile interests of a uation like this bccume involved in the question.. . Cumin_ s CAN Ait T-BI no. —The Adelaide Gallery contains, among other objeets to amuse the imagination while they satisfy the judgment, a canary-bird in full feather of the brightest hue, which speaks, or rather sings, most distinctly, - - - even•passziges so long 'as "Come, 'come, sweet pretty little Dickey—sweet pretty little dear—dear Marv," &c. We ne ver saw a bird apparently more happy in the display of any accomplishment. The throat is swelled nut in the proudest manner, and the little fellow seems to rejoice in his extraor dinary talent, as if he were a popular lyrist, like Moore • himself. It is mentioned that the first indication of this faculty, i. e, expressing words, sprang up spontaneously from z the bird, which, being noticed, encouraged, and cultivated by frequent repetition 'to him, he soon grew proficient; and it is remarkable that he derives a sttmulus to go through•his • task [ruin the rustling of paper. The corporation of Birmingham is to consist of a mayor, ;is- • • teen aldermen, and .forty-eight councillors. The borough is to be divided into thirteen wards. The first election of mayor, al dermen, arid councillors, is to take place as follows :—The • election of councillors on the 26th of December next, and the aldermen and mayor on the day succeeding, the 27th. The aldermen are to be assigned to their respective wards on the same , day. When formed, the charter further empowers the corporation to hold a Court of Record on the third day of every week, for the trial of actions of assunipsit, covenant, anti debt ; actions for trespass or. trover. for taking goods and •-• • chattels; and actions of ejectment between landlord and, tenant, where the amount to be recovered, or the damages sought to be obtained, shall not exceed £2O. ••• • • POACHING FISH.—On Saturday, Mr. Samuel Hardy , of Agden, appeared before E. J. Lloyd, Esq., charged on an information with using a net for the purpose of destroying fish, in a brook running between A g den and Dunham. Two under gamekeepers, in the employ of the Earl of Samford and Warrington, proved having seen the defendant fishing with a net on the night of the 25th October. The defendant pleaded that he had permission from Mr. Harrison, .farmer, of Agden, to fish in the stream in question. He was, how ever, unable to prove any right possessed by Mr. Harrison, • it being stated by Mr, Reeves, the noble •earl's bead keeper, that the water was strictly preserved. The defendant was convicted in the penalty of two pounds and costs, and in de fault, to be committed for one month to the House of Cor rection. The defendant at first hesitated paying the fine, . but on being told-that the half of his month at the House of Correction. would bevoted to the labour of the tread-mill, and the other to the diversion of pickingoakum, he following the advice which says " discretion is. the better part of valour," reluctantly drew forth the money.—Manchester Courier. • M aousous• ESCA PE. —Underneath one of the arches of the large timber btidge, now erecting over .Willington•dean for the Newcastle and North Shields Railway, a temporary blacksmith's shop is erected, in which an eccentric old cha racter, •••• named Watdle, usually works. A few days ago, du ring the high winds, a large three-inch plank slipped through the timbers from the top of the arch, a distance of 80 feet, . and entering through the roof of the shop where the old man ' was at work, fell endways on the shaft of the hammer with which he was at the time heating a piece of heated iron. • The hammer•shaft was broken in two, leaving the, end of in his hands. A young lad stood amazed at the miraculous escape of the old man, whilst he coolly took up another hain mer and re-commenced beating the iron, unwilling to lose • his heat. On being congratulated on his luck in not havinsgots, been knocked to atoms by the large plank, he very innocently. exclaimed, "Aye, Mister, but a miss is as good as a toile!''— „.• Presion Pilot. SWINDLING.—Richard 'and Ann Swayne were placed at the bar of the New Bailey, Manchester, yesterday, charged with obtaining money under false pretences front Mrs. Mac Vicar, of Manchester, and Mrs. Johnson, of Liverpool. In • consequence of information received by Lipsett the police officer, from a member of the Provident Society, that a fe male named Shea had received money from Mr. M•Vicar, • under suspicions circumstances, he was induced to suppose that this Mrs. Shea was no other than the wife of the notori ous Richard Swayne, who came before the public notice in Manchester, some year or two ago. He accordingly began to make inquiries respecting their residence, and having learned that they lived in Joddrell-street, he was proceeding through Back Ring s street, when he met Mrs. S. on her way. , home—whither he took leave to accompany her. She in. formed him that her husband was in Leeds, but on-reaching the house the gentleman was at home. She then informed. . her • her husband th,,t a policeman was waiting for him, and she. expressed her sorrow for having been persuaded to solicit the. money from Mrs. M•Vicar. Lipsett intimated to both that they must consider themselves his prisoners. Swayne en deavoured to persuade him of the illegality of the arrest, but his argument was fruitless. it appeared that some time ago he called upon a Mrs. Johnson, of Liverpool, and stated that . he was in great want of a situation,—and that owing to this • he and his wife and family werc. in the greatest distress, Im poSed upoo by his isle, and with a view to relieve them, Mrs. . J. asked him fur his wife's address here, and a few days after . she received a letter from Mrs. J., enclosing one for .Mrs. M`Vicar, which was delivered, requesting the lady to pay sa. - .a week for the spsce of six weeks. These facts being proved, the male prisoner was asked what he had to s ay in his 4 7 .. fence. admitted haying assumed the name of Shea, which he . was compelled to do, as in consequence of the.man tier in•which his c hat acter and fair faMe had b e en lagerated• • here, it was impossible fur him to procure any employment in the name of Swayne. He and his lady were remanded till Monday, to enable Mrs. Johnson to appearand give evi- . dente against them.—ilanclrester Courier. . . A LIGHTNING Cos: oucTon.—The Noursllist, after re marking . . that it is not every owner of a house that can afford ' to be at the expense of erecting an iron lightning . conduefor, • mentions the following simple apparatus as being equally efs' fec:ive, and within the compass even or a cottager :—To the - • highest amid the must salient point of the building, such- as the angle of a chimney, a pole should be attached, surmounted by an iron point, about two feet. long, and having a hook at the lower end, from which a rope should be suspended, Made of rye or other strong strma, three or four - inches in eircum.; . •• ference, passing along the roof, and down the sides of the building to the ground, which it must be made to enter-by. • . • means of an iron chain, fastened to its lowerend. The eke trir fluid will he attracted by, and, it is said, will pass clOirrh this conductor, as well as down a metallic one. ‘, • ai;.,,;!';; 1, ~`':: ..i17:~ lit w 11