The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1841-11-09 00:00:00

TITUTION, VE-STREE7 cf R. THOMAS VENABLES will deliver TWO LEC -1,1 TURES on the ANCIENT MINSTRELSY AND NATIONAL MUSIC OF ENGLAND, and ONE LEC TURE on the REMAINS OF THE MUSIC OF THE DRUIDS AND THE NATIONAL AIRS OF WALES, on three successive FRIDAYS, the 12th,/19th, and 26th of ares will he Illustrated by tie Vocal Perform- Miss SARAH VENArI ES, and several GENTLEMEN AUATEURS. TO commence at Eight o'clock each Evening. Admission to Non-members, Is. to each Lecture. Tickets to he had at the Music and Booksellers' Shops, nd at the Library of the Institution, 57, St. Anne-street. W. FARMER, Secretary. nember The Lec November sth, 1841 IVONSIEUR GME. BEAUMON , PROFESSOR OF LANGUAGES, No. 6, Clarenc street, Liverpool, attends Schools and Families to give sons in GERMAN, French, Italian. Spanish, and Latin. Classes for Ladies meet in the M ning, and Gentlemen every Evening, at :Monsieur Beaumont's Residence. THE LIVERPOOL EXHIBITION SEVENTE NTH ANNUAL EXHIBITION OF THE LIVERPOOL ACADEMY WORKS OF MO.DERIARTISTS, IS NOW OPE AT THE EXHIBITIO N ROOMS, OLD POSTOFFICE -PLACE, CHURCH-STREET, FROM NINE IN THE MORNING UNTIL DUSK kdmission, Is. Catalogue, Is ALSO, BRILLIANTLY ILLUMINATED WITH GAS, EVERY EVENING, FROM SEVEN UNTIL TEN O'CLOCK, • Admission, ls. S. EGLINGTON, Secretary Season Tickets, 5s By Her Majesty's Royal Letters *tent. PHOTOGRAPHIC POI TRAITS TAKEN BY THE REFLECTION OF LIGHT, AT THE MOUNT GARDENS, ST. J ES'S WALK, LIVERPOOL, THE Proprietors of the REFLECTING APPARATUS, by which FAITHFUL MINIATURE LIKENESSES of the Human Countenance and Person are " won from the hand of Nature" in the short space of a few seconds, respect.. fully announce to the Nobility, Gentry, and Inhabitants of Lancashire *l,- the Extraorlinary Process IS NOW OPEN. The Corporation of Liverpool having granted the site of the late OBSERVATORY, ST. JAMES'S WALK, a neat and elegant Building has been erected thereon, in which the PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, the discovery of which is ranked among the greatest scientific achievements of the present age, is now in DAILY OPERATION. THE PRICE FOR EACH PORTRAIT, INCLUDING A FRAME, IS ONE GUINEA. JOHN RELPH, Manager. Specimens may be seen, and Orders reeved. at Mr. LA- Ci REPOSITOR? OF ARTS, 100, Bold-street. the Invention was recently introduced into England, at ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION, LONDON ; and the following are a few extracts from the leading Journals relating to its merits : (From the Times.) THE PHOTOGRAPHIC MINIATURES.—The principle has been so far perfected as to be almost incapable of further improvement. The novelty attendant upon the fact of being furnished in the short space of five seconds with a more correct miniature likeness than the most accom plished artist could paint on ivory, after days of laborious study, coupled with the fineness of the weather, drew together a host of curious fashionables, at the Poly. technic Institution, so many, indeed, that notwithstanding the short period of time occupied in the operation, the room was crowded for hours together, by parties anxiously waiting their turn. The apartment appropriated for the magical process—for so it may be termed—is well calculated for the object desired, being on the highest story of the institution. From the roof, which is constructed of blue glass, of about a quarter of an inch thick, a very powerful light is obtained, and it is so ingeniously contrived as to revolve with the sun. In a portion of the room, nearly in the centre, an elevated seat is placed, on which the party whose likeness is to be taken sits, with his head reclined backwards. In this posi tion the sitter is told to look into a glass box, in an opposite direction, about five from him, in which is placed the plate to be impressed with the portrait. Having done so for a few seconds, he descends, and in a few minutes afterwards a likeness is presented to him. The likenesses which we saw were admirable, and closely true to nature, beauties and de formities being alike exhibited ; therefore those who are ashamed of their personal appearance had better keep from the influence of photography. (From the Morning Chronicle.) When we formerly described this process, the time requi site for taking a portrait was, generally speaking, about four minutes ; but in consequence of the great improvements that have been made, the time has been reduced to about five se conds on a clear day ; but during cloudy dull weather the operation may require from a minute and a half to two mi nutes. The portraits taken by this means are really extraordinary as likenesses ; they are true to nature, for nature here is her own delineator. The features are admirably marked out and delineated, and the likenesses at first sight are so extraordi nary, that they are really startling. (From the Morning Advertiser.) PHOTOGRAPHIC LIKENESSES.—One of the most inter esting sights it is possible to conceive is now attracting crowds daily to the Polytechnic Institution, Regent -street. The patentee has christened it the " photographic mode of taking likenesses." By this process, in the incredibly short space of five seconds, the likeness of any individual is taken down on a piece of metal, and the portrait is a perfect fac simile of the sitter. It is nature herself that is called in to be the artist, and her performance is truly astonishing, leaving immeasurably behind it everything that human skill From the Morning Herald.) PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS.—We were present on Sa turday at the exhibition of the extraordinary process of taking portraits by the reflecting apparatus, lately patented, and now for the first time brought before the public. By the photographic progress, perfect likenesses are taken. in the short space of from ten to five and twenty seconds ! We say perfect, because the prepared plate on which the objects is reflected must of necessity produce a perfect transcript of that object. The operation, therefore, being thus unerring, the fault of even the slightest failure in likeness can only be attributable to the person sitting, which, of course, may result from an assumed or unnatural position. Although the exhibition has been only of a private character, and of some two or three days, we understand that it has been visited by all the parties possessing the privilege. Among other influential personages present on Saturday, we noticed the Earl of Shaftesbury, who expressed his surprise and gratification at the extraordinary invention. (From the Court Journal.) PHOTOGRAPHIC LIKENESSES.—We attended yesterday at the private view given by the patentee of the reflecting ap paratus at the Polytechnic Institution, by which photographic likenesses are taken, and with the greatest accuracy, in a period varying from five to twenty seconds. We were de lighhted with the exhibition. (From the Morning Post.) The patentee of this invention has adopted the principle of giving these " reflections" to the public at a very moderate cost, compared to the ordinary price of miniatures, trusting for his return to a general desire to possess them, which he anticipates must be felt by all persons who would cherish the best memento of a dear friend or relative. (From the Courier.) " Every line, every touch in the pictrue produced is from the pencil of nature, without flattery or fallacy." (From the Weekly Dispatch.) - . HOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS.---We took an opportunity on Monday cf again visiting the Polytechnic Institution, to witness the astonishing manner in which portraits are taken by the photographic process. The room was crowded with nobility and gentry, among whom we noticed Lord Aber deen, and several other persons of rank, each of whom, in the warmest terms, expressed their delight and astonishment at the rapidity with which the portraits of different gentle men were taken, and the extreme fidelity in the execution. It is, in fact, impossible for the portraits to be any thing short of a complete copy of nature. (From the Observer.) PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS. --The appearance of the miniature thus produced is that of a mezzotint engraving, likeness being no question of opinion, but a plain matter for nature in this, as in other similar operations, "no mistake." There is such subtilty of touch and n the likeness as might fill a Vandyke or a Lawrence ace with delight and despair. Altogether this is a most .nderful and extraordinary exhibition. Those who in por aiture are fond of being "flattered," will certainly not atronise the photographic method of taking likenesses • but, Jn the other hand, they who want the real thing, and we presume them to be the majority, will unquestionably spend a guinea with great willingness in the production of a minia ture portrait which their fathers and mothers, wives, sisters, and brothers may " swear to." Separate rooms are also appropriated to ladies and gentlemen, and a female attendant waits upon the former to assist in arranging the dress so as to produce the most desirable pictorial effect. (From the Naval and Military Gazette.) makes PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS.—For V some time it was doubted whether Photography could ever be brought to Operate satisfactorily on the human face and form, so as to enable the artist to take an unerring and effective likeness, the slightest motion inevitably destroying the picture in its progrees. Ingenuity. perseverance, and repeated experiments, have at length completely triumphed over the difficulty ; and miniature portraits, infallibly faithful, are now taken, from a sittting of from Ave to twenty seconds; the time varying according to the intensity of light. (From Bell's Weekly Messenger.) EXTRAORDINARY FACT.—MINIATURE PICTURES.--It is bodily and pe rsona ll y t h e i n di v id ua l w h o i s the sitter. It is as much so, as he sees himself in the most accurate looking glass, b u t w i t h this di ff erence, that the Photographic likeness is the image as if i t were removed from the surface of the mirror, and rendered perpetual. It is an everlasting memo rial of the man at the moment it is taken—and therefore the most pre cious gift th a t can b e given to those who love him while living, and will cherish his memory when dead. It is a discovery, which not only saves the sitter from the tedium of being fixed in the same position for many an hour for his likeness, (for this i s accomplished in the sixth part of a mi. mi nute)—but it affords to art i sts themselves the surest guide for copying other l ikenesses, whether in miniature, or in oil paintings as large as life. -- - CURIOUS COIN C IDENCE.—Their graces the Duke of Marl borough and Wellington were obser ve d on Thursday acci dentally viewing, at the same time, the smouldering embers of the trophies from the two great fields of British pr Blenheim and Waterloo. owess— have no doubt : CTICAL SOMNABULISM.-Our readersriha of sleepwalking, but we arc going to e nau ti c al somnambulism, which to us wou ld tic:e them a almost ible. We are, therefore, our readers m ay be assured, rg it upon the best authority ,—Her majesty's ship De arrived off town on T uesda y mor ning , but durin g tht between Monday a nd Tuesda y , bein g then at an. fr Rajgunge, the watch on board saw a ship driftin g ipon them. The helm was p ut over, and her m ajesty' ', leered so as to allow the drifting vessel just room to get clear of her ; but in the heavy strain of the he Calliope parted and went on shore, fortunately upon of soft mud, and nearly at low water, so that she got without trouble or danger upon the flood tide. The _nt a row boat on board the driftinz vessel, and an chored her, when, to the surprise of every one, it was found that she was the Hannah (or Anna), which, being off the .Mint Ghent, had parted, and, strange to say, drifted down the night through the crowded tiers of shipping in the to Melancholy Point, having only an officer and five -----rs on board, all, of course fast asleep, and only wakened from th e i r s l um b ers by the firing of four of the Calliope's 32 -pounders. We call this nautical somnabulism, but we trust if anymore of the " sacred ships" mean to practise in this way, they will not do so when government has £2,500,000 of treasure afloat, seeing that in the fresher of our " Golden a ga" a vessel takes the ground, capsizes, and is buried topmast deep in 48 hours, which would be mighty inconve nient to the public servibe just novr.—Caleutta Star. sheer t Pt) RE I 61 , 1 1 fr , ' TM ih IG i CHINA On Friday morning papers from China ; India, &c., wc.i.a re ceived by express from Marseilles in London. We copy the following summary of the intelligence from China from the Bombay Times of the Ist October : The intelligence from China, which in our last came down to the 20th of June, extends up to the present date to the 24th of August. The last faciculus is so recent that we can look for little more before the middle of November. The truce, of which we formerly gave particulars, singularly enough continued unbroken from the 27th of May till the 24th of August. The bulk of the Canton ransom money had been despatched by her Majesty's ships Calliope and Con way, the former carrying two and a half millions of dollars to Calcutta, where she arrived in safety on the sth of August, the latter being intrusted with two millions direct for Eng land. It is said that the expense of transmitting this home in specie, instead of by the usual method of remittance, will, besides the value of the vessel's services, amount to £lO,OOO. The Canton Press considers this a bit of patronage to give the son-in-law of Sir G. Bremer and the cousin of Lord Minto, the captains of the vessels, a little piece of lucrative employment. Sir W. Parker is understood to have been greatly incensed that two such vessels as the Conway and Calliope should have been despatched when their services were so much wanted, the 32-pounder armament of the latter rendering her one of the most efficient ships in the squadron. The Hon. East India Company's steam-frigate Sesostris had, when at Singapore on the Ist August, lost 12 of her men by desertion. An inventory of the amount of property belonging to Keshen, which has just been confiscated, has been published --its value exceeds three millions of pounds sterling ! mostly extracted in bribes from the Hong merchants, from opium speculations, and illegitimate imposts on trade. The fortune of Keshen is one of many similar ones acquired by like infamous means. The exactions made on the Hong merchants for a third of the ransom of Canton, had in terrupted the payment of the dividends which had for some time been in progress by instalments ; so that, through the medium of the Hong debts due to them, a proportion of the six millions of dollars received by Capt. Elliot was drawn from the pockets of his countrymen! By the steamer Atalanta, which reached this on the 2Gth ultimo, we received intelligence from Hong Kong to the 24th August. The Sesostris, with the Plenipotentiary and admiral on board, arrived off Macao on the 9th August, and anchored about four miles from the town. Notwithstanding a delay of two days at Singapore, where she took in 180 tons of miserable coal, she accomplished her voyage in 23 days, being the most rapid on record. At six o'clock the follow ing morning the Nemesis was alongside, with Captains Elliot and Nias, and Mr. Johnston, to welcome the Penipotentiary. The same day about two o'clock the admiral sailed in the Sesostris for Hong Kong, for the purpose of inspecting the condition of the fleet, preparatory to an immediate start for the north. He again returned to Macao on the 12th, and went back to Hong Kong on the following day to hasten pre parations, accompanied by Sir H. G,,ugh. On the 13th, Major Malcolm was despatched in the Nemesis to Canton with the announcement of the arrival of the new Plenipoten tiary, and a copy of the demands of the British government, to be forwarded immediately to the Emperor. So soon as the arrival of the secretary was made known to the Kwang chow-foo (the mayor of Canton), this high functionary inti mated his wish to receive the despatch in person. The hall (now in ruins) of the company's factory was, as on former occasions, selected for the interview. The mayor came at tended by old Howqua and Nowqua ; but, though the former of these is the well-known source of half the great movements in China, and the most profound politician per haps within the empire, both were ordered to retire previous to the commencement of business. The same day a notifi cation was presented to each of the merchants residing at Canton, intimating that as hostilities would in all likelihood very shortly recommence in the north, they should keep themselves and their property out of the way of mischief, as the Plenipotentiary would not hold himself responsible, nor must they look for recompense from government for any injury they might receive. A rumour prevailed at this time in Canton, that all the Tartar troops had been ordered back again ; that two boats full, indeed, had actually arrived ; and though the information continued without any definite au- ...... thentication, no doubt seemed to be entertained that the fortifications would be immediately rebuilt, armed, and gar risoned afresh, so soon as our troops moved northward. The fact of the Kwang-chow-foo receiving the despatches in per son, is of itself an , indication of how speedily the Chinese themselves had made the discovery of the different sort of f : sons they had now to deal with from those who formerly c ducted the business of negociation, and dealt in it as if it were indeed a business, and the sole one wherewith the expedi tion had occasion to concern itself. The alteration was felt immediately in the change of conduct manifested towards the English residents in Canton : the customary insolence vanished ; and the studied rudeness experienced in passing along the streets seemed at once exchanged for deference and respect. Here was indeed a change from men, not measures —for the powers and instructions under which Sir H. Pot tinger acts differ almost i►► nothing from these of Captain El liot; the characters of the men are nearly as much dissimilar as their powers are alike. The mayor of Canton, on after wards coming on a mission to the Plenipotentiary. was re fused admittance, and handed over to Major Malcolm, the private secretary. _ _ This was a sad change of days since the time when the pre vious Plenipotentiary ran backward and forward to Canton at the bidding of any rascally mandarin who chose to request his presence, and put a stop to the operations of the British fleet, when an old woman in a Tanka boat was reckoned mes senger of state enough for him. On the 12th Sir H. Pottin ger issued a notification, informing the British merchants generally of his intentions, and warning them to keep them selves out of the way of danger. It is a plain, straightfor ward, manly document, wherein things are for the first time since the commencement of our operations called, by their right names by officials in England or China. The war is a war, and nothing but a war—though both my Lord Palmers ton aad the other ex-mismanagers of China affairs spoke as if it would have blistered their tongues hitherto to have said so. The truce with which Captain Elliot so unnecessarily tied our hands on the 27th May, has, singularly enough, been maintained with a show at least of a little good faith on the part of the Chinese, and as long as this lasts Sir H. Pottinger very properly states that he will hold himself bound by the terms granted by his predecessor; but we hear no nonsense about " great respect for the Chinese, or scrupu lous good faith of illustrious individuals ;" the authorities are told at once that the slightest infraction of the truce will lead to a renewal of active hostilities within the province ; and that it is accordingly to be borne in mind, that such an event is not only highly proba ble, " from the well understood perfidy and bad faith of the provincial officers themselves, but also because they are compelled at any moment, by orders from the imperial ca binet, to set aside and disavow their own acts." This is speaking intelligibly and to the point ; and, accordingly, the change of feeling produced amongst the officers of the expedition seems to have been instantaneous and almost ma gical. Our mercantile correspondents write so cheerfully, and in such spirits, that it is difficult to suppose the writers are the same as those whose tone for these two years past has been so uniformly melancholy and deponding. The Canton truce was a purely local one, affecting only the southern pro vince, and accordingly, as preparations proceeded for mov ing towards the north, the terror of the southern authorities became extreme. Ten—some say twenty—millions of dol lars are believed to have been offered the plenipotentiary to induce him to alter his purposes ; but we had to make war, not a bargain ; and the consequences of British indignation were not now any longer to be bought off by Chinese bribes. In answer to the question as to the nature of the protection which would be afforded to British life and property at Ma cao, and as to bow far the Portuguese government, in case of emergency, might be depended on, Sir H. Pottinger re ferred to the statements in his official notification ; hinting to them that Hong Kong was now the proper place for Bri tish subjects to seek safety, and that experience should have taught them how far Portuguese good faith was to be relied on : adding at the same time, that the same protection that was left for vessels in the roads might, in case of emergency be made available for residents on shore. On the 21st, the fleet, consisting of nine ships of war, four armed steamers, and 22 transports sailed northward for Amoy. The admiral continues urgent for snore river steamers ; and the Medusa and Ariadne, of exactly the same armament with the Neme sis, that is—traversing 32-pounders—left Bombay on the 29th ultimo. A strong force of seven ships of war and one steamer, with troops and transports, remain for service at Hong Kong and in Canton river ; so that while our principal consideration is directed to points further north, the people in the southern province will have no want of attention should their conduct require a little castigation—acontingency much more than probable. The land force mustered, in all, 3,000 bayonets. The fleet of transports amounted to 40. SHIPWRECK OF SIR GORDON BREMER AND CAPT. ELLIOT—THEIR CAPTURE AND RAN SOM. We find in the Canton correspondence an account of a dreadful typhoon on the 21st of August. and extract the fol lowing interesting particulars : Her Majesty's cutter Louisa, Lord A. W. Beau c l er k i n command, Mr. Swan, master, with their Excellencies Sir G. Bremer and Captain Charles Elliot, her Majesty's joint Ple nipotentiaries in China ; Flag-Lieutenant Fowler, and Mr. Morgan, Sir Gordon's secretary, on board ; and the schooner Young Hebe, Mr. C. V. Temple in command, left Macao roads for Hong Tong on the 20th. The Young Hebe was seen on the 20th well under Lantao, and the cutter a few miles ahead of her. On Friday afternoon Sir G. Bremer and Captain Elliot were brought back to Macao in a small Chinese boat. The cutter had been blown to the westward; about noon, on the 21st, Mr. Owen, the secomd master, was knocked overboard whilst employed about the lower gaff, and drowned; the cutter was eventually wrecked on the island of Kowlan, to the north of Tylow, and near to the village of Fiesha. This island is in the division of Wongle ongtow, district of neangshan. Her Majesty's joint plenipotentiaries were at first rather roughly treated ; the commodore was, we have heard, knocked down and stripped, and had not the man who brought their excellencies back to Macao in his boat inter fered in their behalf and protection, the English expedition to China would probably have been deprived of both its civil and military heads. The man called himself a corn prador, took the shipwrecked people into his house and gave them food. Sir G. Bremer landed on the Praya Grande, in a red Guernsey frock and drawers. The price of their rescue was 3,000 dollars. Lieut. Fowler, Lord A. W. Beau clerk, and the rest of the crew were brought back to Macao on Sunday, by a lorcha, and a boat of her Majesty's ship Herald, which had been despatched for that purpose. The schooner Young Hebe returned to Macao, under jurymasts, on Thursday. CLERICAL INTELLIGENCE (From the Oxford Herald.) The Rev. James Moody, 8.A., of St. Mary Hall, and Curate of Radnage, Bucks, has been appointed Chaplain to her l‘lajesty's frigate Thalia. The Rev. Alfred Brown, 8.A., of Queen's College, has been presented, by the Venerable Archdeacon Musgrave, to the Perpetual Curacy of Cross Stone, Yorkshire, vacant by the death of the Rev. John Fennel. On Saturday last, the Rev. Charles Raymond Barker, M.A., was instituted, by the Lord Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, to the Vicarage of Bladington, Gloucestershire, vacant by the death of the Rev. John Allen ; patrons, the Dean and Chapter of Christ Church, Bristol. Mr. James A. Lawson, LL.B., has been elected to the Whateley Professorship of Political Economy in Trinity Rev. John 8.D., Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, to be the Lady Margaret's Preacher, vacant by the cession of the Rev. Richard Newton Adams, D.D. Rev. John Shaw, M.A., to the Vicarage of Stoke Poges, Bucks, vacant by the cession of the Hon. and Rev. S. G. Rev. Osborne; patron, L or d G o d o l p hi n . Living of Charlevine, vacant by the promotion of the Rev. Hall, Chancellor of the Diocese of Cork, to th e Dr. Cotter. 11ev. F ranc i s Plummer Baker, B A. to the Rectory of Little Cressingham Norfolk, vacan . t b y' the death of the Rev. Thom as B aker. : Rev. R. B. Baker, 11.1. A. Incumbent of Hilderstone, to be Rural Dean of Stone Staffordshire. Rev. Edward Inward Jones to the Vicarage of Bawdsey, Suffolk, vacant by the death of the Rev. G. William Smith ; patroness, the Queen. Rev. H. Woolley, vicar of Shenstone, near Lichfield, to the Rectory o Handsworth, Staffordshire, void by th e d ea th of the Rev. J. f Hargraves ; patron, the Rev. John Peel. Rev. Thos. Still Basnett, of S9nthwell, Vicar of Rollestone cu in - Fiskerton, Nottitighacosbtre, to th e Rectory of Wal tham, Lincolnshi re; patrons, the Chapter of Southwell. iIF4O iiTATi, The packet-ship England, which left New York o k , The 19th ult., arrived in the river last night, after a tolerable pas sage of twenty days. The intelligence brought by this vessel is of the most ordinary character. 'Much discussion seems to be taking place as to the appoint ment of the next President in 1844. A movement is making in favour of Mr. Clay, and a counter manifesto has been is sued by a Mr. Cushing, of Massachusetts, which the Herald characterises as " a fair and liberal exposition of the motives, movements, and results of the extra session." The Cashier of the Commercial Bank has become a de faulter to the tune of 56,000 dollars, and has disappeared. It is supposed he took his passage in the Acadia for England. The elections for members of the legislature were proceed ing with great loss to the whig party. The democrats, accord ing to the calculation of the Herald were likely to carry the state by a majority of from six to eight thousand. The American shipmasters have presented a memorial to the President, complaining that two-thirds of the Consuls of the United States are foreigners, that a majority of them never trod a foot upon American soil, and praying him not to appoint any to the office who are not citizens of the United States. We subjoin a few extracts from the papers. A STREAK or LUCK.—Colonel Wood, late representa tive for the city of Natchez, has sailed to England with docu ments sufficient to prove him the rightful heir to the great Wood estate. The:colonel will only be worth about thirteen millions of dollars.—Crescent City.— [Unfortunately for the gallant colonel he will arrive in this country " a day after the fair." Mr. Lyall, the distinguished geologist, from London, was in Philadelphia last week, haviNg just returned from an inte resting tour of observation through the coal and iron regions of Pennsylvania. AV LE6n.—This personage sailed for England in the Aca dia. His experience of Yankee hospitality will scarcely tempt him to pay us another visit. Three hills of indictment were yesterday sent to the Grand Jury of the United States Circuit Court against Alexander William Holmes, a sailor of the ship William Brown, who was arrested in this city and committed on a charge of mur der, in throwing overboard from the longboat sixteen of the unfortunate passengers. Each of the bills charged the pri soner with murder on the high seas, and were returned to the court ignored.—Phil. Ga. MONEY MARKET.—MONDAY, OCT. 18.—The sales of the stock board were large this morning but prices did not ma terially alter. Delaware and Hudson rose 1; Long Island, 1; Mohawk, 1 per cent ; U. S. Bank fella per cent from the last sales ; Harlem, a ; Stonington 1. Sales of bills on Philadelphia, 21 a 3; Baltimore, 2 a 21 ; N ew O r l eans , 21 a 21; Mobile, 7 a 71; Mexican dollars 2 per cent; 5000 Cincinnati bonds sold at 80. MARKETS—OCT. 18.—FLOUR has advanced to-day, and sales of Common Brands have been made at 6 dolls. Asnas —pots are lower, and sales at 6 dollars 50 cents. COTTON— The market is very firm and steady sales. GRAIN—We could hear of no sales to day. INTENTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT. IMPORTANT COMMISSIONS. (From Yesterday's Times.) Two commissions of inquiry are about to be appointed by her majesty's government. The one at the suggestion of the First Lord of the Treasury and the Chancellor of the Exchequer ; the other at the suggestion of the Lord Chancellor. The object of the first of these commissions will be to inquire into the charge of collecting the public revenue, and of considering whether it will be possible to effect any re duction in that charge, either by the consolidation of offices or by the suppression of them, or by new arrangements for the receipt and transmission of the revenue. The commission will also inquire whether any additional facilities can be given for carrying on the commerce and manufactures of the country without loss or risk to the revenue We understand that Lord Granville Somerset, Mr. Glad stone, Mr. Bingham Baring, Mr. Milnes Gaskell, and Mr. Pringle, have undertaken to conduct the inquiries above re ferred to. Lord Granville Somerset, who will preside over the commission, took a leading part in the investigations on which the reductions made by the Duke of Wellington's government in 1828, 1829, and 1830, were consequent. It is probable that the commissioners will visit some of the principal outports for the purpose of examining personally into the mode of conducting business. The object of the second commission, which the Lord Chancellor proposes to institute, will be to examine into the forms and modes of proceeding in the courts of equity, with a view of rendering the system less cumbrous, and the pro gress of a suit less tedious and expensive. We have reason to believe that Lord Langdale, Mr. Pemberton, and Mr. Wigram, who has been recently ap pointed Vice-Chancellor, have undertaken to lend their invaluable services for the conduct of this investigation, which, like the other, will be carried on without any charge to the public. The preceding announcement, we are sure, will be read with sincere satisfaction. Perhaps there is no very great pe cuniary saving to be made by the suppression or consolida tion of the offices connected with the collection of the reve nue ; but saving is not the sole object; another and at least equally important consideration is the feeling of the public, who revolt not so much at the actual amount of the total yearly levy of taxes, as at the proportion of that levy which is withdrawn from the national services by the expenses of collection. The impediments, too, which various branches of commercial dealing not unfrequently sustain from the ope rations of fiscal regulation, are infinitely irksome to men of business, and the removal or modification of them, as far as may be practicable without loss to the revenue, will be a boon very highly valued by all parties connected with the foreign trade of the country. The direction of the inquiry is committed to a nobleman eminently qualified, by his offi cial experience, to conduct it with sagacity and judgment ; and the whole measure, unforced as it has been by any par liamentary outcry, affords a most satisfactory earnest of the government's sincere desire to administer the public affairs for the public good. The other of the proposed commissions, that which has been instituted for the purpose of examination into the pro ceedings of courts of equity, holds out the prospect of advan tages still more important. The delays and expenses of those proceedings have for centuries been a curse to the country, and a slur upon its jurisprudence. The names of the com missioners, two of them presiding over courts of equity, and the third, the ablest a n d mos t em i nent man w h om the bar of those courts has boasted in our time, are sufficient guarantees that no half considered, headlong changes will be attempted ; but we trust, from their enlarged views and elevated posi tion, that they will feel themselves entitled to treat the sub ject boldly, and to recommend a large re-casting, not, in deed, of the principles which regulate the decisions in Chan cery, but of its general procedure—for instance, by an effec tual curtailment of pleadings, by a devolution upon the mas ters of a variety of duties and powers now vested only in the suprior judges, and by an extensive substitution of parole evidence for affidavits and written depositions. Sir Robert Peel's reforms are not of the kind which fill the pockets of reformers. The revisions here contemplated tend on the contrary to the retrenchment of patronage and the reduction of expense; and if they repay their authors, it will be only in the approbation and respect of the public. COURT CIRCULAR. -MONDAY THE QUEEN DOWAGER The official account of her majesty's health received on Saturday was as follows: " The Queen Dowager slept at intervals during the latter part of the night, has been less harassed by her cough, and her majesty is somewhat more comfortable this morning. " Sudbury-hall. Nov. 5. " D. DAVIES, M.D." Lady Peel and Lord Fitzalan were among the earliest in quirers at Marlborough-house, her majesty's town residence, on Saturday, to learn the state of her majesty. Earl Howe, lord chamberlain to the Queen Dowager, for warded an account of her majesty's health from Sudbury-hall on Satnrday to her majesty and Prince Albert, to her royal highness the Duchess of Glocester, and the other members of the royal family. The account was received soon after 10 o'clock at night. The bulletin issued in the morning at Sudbury-hall was also received at Marlborough-house. The following is a copy . " Her Majesty the Queen Dowager remained in a state of great feebleness the whole of yesterday, but has rallied a little this morning. " W. F. CHAMBERS, M.D " D. DAVIES, M.D. " Sudbury Hall, Nov. 6." The nobility and gentry called yesterday at Marlborough house : among the inquirers were the Earl of Beverley, the Earl of Lincoln, Lady Wharncliffe, Viscount Templetown, and Sir Augustus Clifford. Count Kielmansegge, the Han overian Minister, and a few of the Foreign Diplomatic Corps, also attended yesterday at Marlboroueh-house, to make their inquiries after the health of her Majesty. Last evening the following bulletin was received at Marl borough-house:— " The Queen Dowager has had a disturbed night, but her Majesty is rather better this morning. " W. F. CHAMBERS, M.D. " .D. DAVIES, M.D. " Sudbury-ball, Nov. 7." Letters for her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, at Buckingham Palace, and for the members of the Royal Family, at their respective residences, were also re ceived at the same time, and were forwarded. Dr. Chambers arrived in town last night from Sudbury hall, and immediately proceeded to Buckingham Palace, to announce the state of her Majesty Queen Dowager. The Queen and Prince Albert walked yesterday forenoon in the garden of Btickingbam Palace. Her Majesty and Prince Albert, and the ladies and gentle men of the Royal Household, attended divine service yester day morning, at Buckingham Palace. The Hon. and Rev. Mr. Keppel, Deputy Clerk of the Closet in Waiting, offi ciated. In the afternoon her Majesty and the Prince walked in the royal gardens. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited her Ma jesty on Saturday. Her Majesty and Prince Albert walked in the gardens of Buckingham Palace on Saturday. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent attended divine service yesterday morning, in the chapel at Kensington Pa lace. Lady Charlotte Dundas was in waiting on her Royal Highness. His Royal Highness Prince George of Cambridge visited the Duchess of Kent on Saturday, at Clarence -house. Lord Ellenborough. Governor-general of India, has left town to embark for India. Despatches were received yesterday, at th e C olonial-office, *rom the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands, and 'Rim the Governors of Malta and Gibraltar. Despatches from the Governors of New South Wales, and of the Cape of Good Hope, were received on Saturday. at the Colonial-office. WooncocKs.—During the last ten days Woodcocks have been unusually numerous in Cumberland. One gentleman shot 26 in the neighbourhood of Workington on Thursday week, and another gentleman shot 12} brace on the sa me d a y, near Bootle, and on the following day four and a half br ace The birds were all remarkably fine, and in the high es t state . of perfection, weighing, upon an average, upwards of 13 ounces each. After this account of the slaughter of these once rare birds, the shooting of a solitary one must cease to be a subject of interest in this part of the country. SINGULAR AND MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT .--.An .i nquest was held on Sunday at Feacle, before F. Whitestone, Esq., coroner, accompanied by Doctors Frazer and M`Donough, on view of the body of Mr. P. M`Ginness, an honest, indus trious, and exemplary individual, and one of the Guardians of the Scariff U n i on ,. who came by his death under the fol lowing circumstances :—lt appears that a few days before, when passing through the fields, he was furiously attacked by a ram, which knocked him down, beat him dreadfully, and rendered him powerless for defence. He lingered in excru ciating agony till Friday, when death put a period to hi s earthly sufferings. The jury returned a verdict according to the facts, and levied a deodand of 10s. on the ram.—Limerick Reporter. ki sTe , Nov. 6.—We arc unable ,to any im provement in the general cloth market ; for,, notwithstanding the news from the States is of a highly satisfactory character, whether as regards business or politics, skirtings and print ing cloths, the latter of which particularly are sold in great quantities to the transatlantic traders, continue as dull, and depressed in price, as ever ; and no quantities can be moved but at rates quite unprecedented for lowness. The heavier descriptions of goods continue to move off pretty freely, and are firm in price; in some instances a slight advance on do mestic cloth has been demanded. Superfine cotton velvets too, for the American markets, are in great request, and the makers have large orders before-hand, and others pressed upon them, at advanced and advancing rates. We should think this, at any rate, a most profitable business ; and.long may it so continue. The yarn market has not been quite so active as previously noted, and but few fresh orders have been given by the German buyers. The .Russian houses are out of the market. Prices, however, are steady, and stocks of yarn uncommonly low ; indeed, several large concerns at Rochdale, and elsewhere, are working o ver -h ours, i n or d er to get their orders executed with as much despatch as pos sible, as there are tokens of approaching frost, and marine insurances will shortly be on the advance. BRADFORD, THURSDA - Y. — The demand bas become more limited for piece goods ; manufacturers are again producing fewer of them ; and they seem resolved not to produce a sin gle piece more than the legitimate demand requires. There is no stock for hoarding up. Yarns appear to be stationary in value, and most of the mills are working short time. There is not any advance on wool of any kind. THE CORN LAWS NOT THE CAUSE OF DIS TRESS, BUT THE CURRENCY. The intelligent author of " The Circular to Bankers" has in his publication advanced an argument in favour of the graduated scale of duties, which we do not recollect any pre vious writer has used in its defence, and which neither Mr. Cobden, Mr. Acland, Mr. Sturge, Rev. Baptist Noel, nor all the corn•law leaguers and advocates combined together, can refute or upset. " In the months of July or August last." he says, " one of the themes upon which some of the public journals dis coursed most frequently and most confidently was the inevi table difficulty into which the Bank of England was about to be thrown by the imports of foreign corn. The imports were, we believe, greater in amount of value within the two months between the 20th of July and the 20th of September, 1841, than ever before took place between the same space of time. This extraordinary fact furnishes a valuable test, by which to estimate the worth of various dogmas which are always handled by the ablest and most conspicuous free-trade advocates, as though they were admit:ed as indisputable truths of universal acceptation ; among these is, that the uncertain operation of our corn laws restrains the produc tion of wheat on the continent, so that when a large quantity is suddenly required for English account, it is scarcely pos sible to obtain it, and not at all without paying enormously high prices for it. The corn law is still in force ; the opera tion of the graduated scale gives as much uncertainty to the proceedings of the produce and the transactions of the mer chant as ever ; and yet, on a sudden emergency, which bad weather at the approach of harvest alone created, we have been able to import two millions of quarters of old wheat, three-fourths of which, we learn on diligent enquiry, were laid into British ports at a price not exceeding, on the average, 48s. per quarter, after paying - freight and assurance. And notwithstanding this sudden and extraordinary draught upon the continental stores, we have this day seen a sample of very tine white wheat offered at a price which, after paying all expenses, except duty, would enable the merchant to sell it in London with a profit, at 565. the quarter. " So much for one dogma which has been current ever since Mr. Jacob published the result of his journey of in vestigation on the continent, concerning the corn trade. " Another dogma is, that the large and sudden imports of foreign corn necessarily and inevitably cause a great and dan grans draught on the metallic treasure of the Bank of Eng land to pay for it ; and this had taken such firm hold on the minds of her majesty's late ministers, that they actually in serted it in the Queen's speech delivered to her parliament on the 26th of August last. " No position of political economy ought to be introduced into a royal speech, as a ground for recommending a legisla tive measure, which is not absolutely and invariably true. An occasional import of foreign corn may or may not de range our currency, according to given circumstances. It appeared to us in the month of August last (and the writer quotes two passages from his Circular of the 20th of that month, to shew, that he then entertained the same opinion that he does now) that those circumstances were not to be found in the then present state of commercial and financial affairs, which would justify a reliance on the predicted ar rangements of the currency ; and notwithstanding the im ports of foreign corn have amounted to two millions more than it was then generally expected they would amount to, the event has proved that our conclusion was right : for the reduction of the stock of bullion of the Bank of England has amonnted to no more than about £400,000, although the im ported corn must have cost twelve times that sum. The bank's return of the 17th August stated the bullion to be 5,106,000 Ditto on the 12th Oct.. 4,713,000 These figures exhibit the extreme point of additional pres sure produced on the Bank of England by the imports of corn ; because the exchanges have for some weeks past been gradually improving." - If these facts are not a poser for our free traders and po litical quack economists, we know not were to find one. The writer then goes on to show another mistake into which the free traders have fallen in regard to the alteration that has taken place of late years in the nature of exchanges and the balance of trade. From these novel truths, at which none but an individual who devoted his whole time and at tention to such intricate, complicated, and abstruse subjects, could arrive, we can only find room for the following : " A perfectly new element of fearful weight and signifi cance was introduced into exchange transactions, when the credit of governments or public bodies was made an article of mercantile traffic between one country and another, which, as far as our recollection or knowledge enables us to speak, has been utterly disregarded by all the leading political economists of the present day ; it would not have escaped the observation of the eminent fathers of the science. The introduction of this new element in these important affairs shows, according to our judgment, more glaringly than any circumstance, the egregious error of making the circulating medium of England in any material degree dependant upon the exchanges, which may be affected by the sale of the credit of foreign governments in the London money market. Such a state of things cannot last; the corn-leagures, with their more discreet abettors on the one hand, and the strong headed men of Birmingham on the other, will break down the system. It will be futile, and for himself suicidal, for Sir Robert Peel to attempt any important alteration of the corn-law without at the same time placing our currency on a safe and independent basis." In conclusion, among other views taken by the writer as causes accounting for the extraordinary and striking fact, that contemporaneously with the greatest import of foreign corn ever known within the same space of time, the amount of bullion in the Bank of England should have remained undis turbed and the bank at comparative ease, is the following startling one : " 4. Because—the most important of all the concurring causes—the restricted issues of paper money in England have made its currency of high value, and prices of com modities, and especially of manufactured goods, extremely low. A ton of pig iron can now be bought for 21. 55., or 2.e. 3d. the cwt. This is a thing which requires no mean capital, great outlay for machinery, costly instruments, manual labour, and carriage of materials before it can be produced ; and every single ton of it requires five tons of coal to have been consumed before the furnace can deliver its product in pig iron. So that a man for 2s. 3d. can buy one hundredweight of a commodity which is in universal use in all countries, and in the producing of which five hundred weight of coal have been consumed. Of course he will take the iron and carry it to countries where he can obtain wheat at the lowest value, and which wheat when brought to Eng land, will exchange for five times its own weight in pig iron at the iron works. A pound weight of manufactured cotton cloth can now be bought at a lower price than a pound weight of raw cotton could be bought for in the year 1835, when a then eminent Liverpool merchant recommended, by circular letters, purchases to be made in that raw material, on a con viction, that the price could not fail to rise 50 per cent. higher. These extraordinary and destructive changes in the value of manufactured products, caused by expansion and contraction of the circulating medium, must inevitably break down the prosperity of any people and their moral character along with it. " We have shewn, that low prices succeeding to high prices is the main cause ;—assisted this year by the co-opera tion of others ; of the comparative ease of the Bank of Eng land, and the steadiness of the exchanges notwithstanding the large imports of foreign corn. But those consequences which have excited so much astonishment are purchased at the cost of the ruin of merchants and manufacturers, and the distress of the people." WHIG-RADICAL INCENTIVES TO INCENDIARISM. (Fom e Whire dian With deep s and p th ainful orcesters solicitude we Guar call the attention of he public to the m e l anc h o ly f act th at our columns this day eem with the h arrow i ng d e t a il s o f incendiaryr, almost at of fi our own doors, and i n var i ous o th er parts the country. Dreadful and di s t ress i ng as th ese occurrences are in them selves, they are not worse nor more mischievous in their effects than is the a b om i na bl e con d uct of the radical press, in its base and calum n i ous ascr i pt i on o f them to t vative government which now h a p p il y ru l es the desejnoinesseori this mighty empire. The moral torpitude of the hireling fellows who scribble daily slanders, and exert all their puny ingenuity to pander to the depraved appetites of a lawless moh of soi disant liberals, who, like the Athenians of old, are incessantly panting " to see or to hear some new thing," must be, to the mind of every man who will give himself the trouble to think upon the matter without bias and without prejudice, of an infinitely deeper dye than that of the igno rant wretches who, in committing the crimes and atrocities which it is our painful duty to record, merely obey the im plied commands of their leaders. Can anything, we would ask, supply a more striking and forcible commentary upon the recent radical exultations over the prospects of a bad harvest, than the diabolical attempts (unhappily in many cases too successful) to destroy the product of that harvest, with the reports of which we are compelled in the faithful discharge of an important public duty this week to stain our pages ? We do again say that we attribute far more crimi nality to the radical press, which instigates ,here outrages, than to the wretched and deluded creatures who are the more immediate instruments of them. This judgment may, perhaps, at first sight appear to be somewhat harsh ; but let any reasonable man peruse and consider the following pas sage, which appeared in a print published in this city on Wednesday last, and which we need not farther indicate, and then say whether our judgment, harsh as it may seem, is not strictly just. The print to which we refer, speaking of these same incendiary fires, says— " There is too much reason to fear that these acts are com mitted in dreadful and unavailing retaliation, by men who have been crushed into utter insensibility to mercy and right beneath the iron heel of oppression. Despite the remon strances of starving multitudes, the tories prorogued parlia ment without showing the slightest indications of compassion for the prevalent distress, or of an intention to devise, at an early period, measures for its relief. It would seem that this tory neglect of the prayers of a long-enduring people has stung them into madness. The counsels of rage have super seded the calm dictates of reason and reflection. Swing went out with the tories ; he returns to welcome their ad vent to power with bonfires raised of homesteads and corn ricks. While it gives us unfeigned sorrow to notice these atrocities, we cannot conceal our belief that they are owing in no small degree to the cold neglect with which the popular cry of distress has been met by the tories. With an ascend ing corn-market, an indifferent potato crop, and the exceed ingly high price which the chief necessaries of life continue to bear, combined with the lamentable decrease of trade, and consequent want of employment for our artisans, we tremble to anticipate the miseries and crimes of the coming winter." GOLDFINCH'S NEST. —A few days since a young man (T. Forrest, jun. in the employ of Mr. D. Nicholson, auctioneer, of Wandsworth) was looking ove r an o ld chest which had been sent to the auction-room for sale, he noticed a peculiar joint which excited his curiosity ; upon a closer search he discovered what appeared to be a block of wood, but which turned out to be several pieces, glued, screwed, and nailed together, upon breaking open which out tumbled £lOO, sup posed to have been concealed there 15 or 20 years. Much to the young man , s credit he gave up the money to the owner of the chest, who handsomely rewarded him for his honesty. TU;";4I4R , ROA-L, OVERPIWIr Older ilex _lfah4ilemeat o/ Mr. CL_ R pole Leoee During the remainder of the Season, the performances will commence at SEVEN o'clock. Doors to be opened at HALF-PAST MISS ELLEN TWEE and MR.' CHARLES KEAN are engaged for Ten Nights nt this Theatre, and will make their Second Appearance this evening. THIS present TUESDAY, the 9th instant, will be per formed Shakspeare's Tragedy of Juliet Romeo Mercutio Apothecary Nurse ROMEO AND JULIET. Miss Ellen Tree. Mr. Charles Kean. Mr. H. Holl. . Mr. Baker, Mrs. Clarke. After which, the Farce of BORN TO GOOD LUCK'. Paddy O'Rafferty. Countess Viteria„ Madame Simon. I JanetttaMiss Honner TO-MORROW (Wednesday), the 10th Inst., the Play of THE STRANGER. Mrs. Haller, Miss Ellen Tree ; The Stranger, Mr. Charles Kean ; Steinfort, Mr. B ar to n ; Solo mon, Mr. Baker ; Peter, Mr. Slaiter ;:Conntess Wintersen, Mrs. Baker; Charlotte, Mrs. Clarke.—After which, TOM NODDY'S SECRET. Captain Ormond, Mr. H. Holl ; Tom Noddy, Mr. Baker; Gabrielle, Miss E. Honner.—To conclude with the Farce of the OMNIBUS. Pat Rooney, Mr. T. Lee, as performed by him at the Theatre-Royal, Covent-garden. On THURSDAY, the Tragedy of HAMLET. Hamlet, Mr. Charles Kean ; Ophelia, Miss Ellen Tree.—With a favourite Farce. On FRIDAY, for the BENEFIT of Miss ELLEN TREE, will be revived the Tragedy of THE GAMESTER. Beverley, Mr. Charles Kean; Mrs. Beverley, Miss Ellen Tree. their t►rst appearance here in those characters. With a favourite Farce, as will be expressed in the bills. The Play of the LADY OF LYONS, which was greeted last Night with the most enthusiastic applause, will be re peated early in the ensuing Week. NORTHERN MECHANICS' INSTITUTION. SATURDAY EVENING CONCERTS, w i t h S c i en tifi c and Literary Recreations, established with the sole ob ject of affording Working Men an opportunity of spending their Saturday Evenings in a sober and rational mariner. PRINCIPAL VOCALISTS Mrs. JOHN PALMER, Mrs. RICHARIAON, Mr EARNSHAW, Mr. ANDREWS, Mr./CRANK Conductor, Mr. W. HOLDEN, Who. will Preside at the Pianoforte SATURDAY, Nov. 13? Madrigal—" Down in a flow'ry vale" ; Song—" Tell me, my heart"—Mrs. J. P.iilmer . Recitation—" Cato's Soliloquy"—Mr. Alex. Hay Song--" The British Oak"—Mr. Earnshaw Neukomn. Glee—" Go, idle boy" Duett—" Les Ranz des Vaches"—Mrs. Palmer and Miss Song—" Toujours Gai"—Mrs. Richardson. Recitation—" Marco Bozzarus"—Mr. D. Wylie. Quartette—" 0 Nanny, wilt thou gang with me," Harrison Solo and Chorus—" Behold how brightly breaks the morning" Auber, Duett—" Sol fa"—Mrs. Palmerand Mr. Earnshaw.. Barnett Song—" 'Tis really very strange"—Mrs.Richardson. Herold Glee—" Farewell to Lochaber" Song—" Should he upbraid"—Mrs. J. Palmer Recitation—" The Soldier's Dream"—Mr. Hay.. Campbell Song—" My own sweet native vale"—Mr. Crank. Glee—" The mighty Conqueror". THE LIVERPOOL BELL-RINGERS, Pupils of W. Thistlewood, jun., will, between the parts, and ej u at the close of the Concert, play some of their favouritrs. Admission 3d. Reserved Seats 6d. Doors open at Seven, to commence at Eight precisely. Members of the Institu tion as usual Festa, 1541 .... Bishop Webbe, Parties capable of delivering short Lectures on the various branches of Science, and having Apparatus for illustrating the same, will be treated with by the Committee, on appli cation to the Secretary, S. RANSON, 18, Clarence-street. TOWN COUNCIL PROCEEDINGS ELECTION OF MAYOR, ALDERMEN, COMMIT- TEES, &c A SECOND EDITION of the STANDARD will be pub lished immediately after the Council break up this afternoon, and will contain a full Report of the important Proceedings which will take place at the Meeting. ILIA' Eibtrpoot at tanbarb. TUESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 9, 1841 " I have the satisfaction to believe that on my part no undue means have been employed ; that the con test has been conducted with clean hands, in a manner which an honest man and a Christian need not blush to acknowledge." From whose pen does the reader imagine that this precious sentence emanates? Who is the rejected PURIST who is thus lachrymose and self-laudatory ? What eminent patriot is it whose effort to wriggle him self into our Town Council "has been conducted with clean hands," and who "does not blush to acknow ledge" the means with which he has worked? Reader, that man is William Rathbone—the rejected of Great GeOrge's!— the rejected of North Toxteth !! the rejected of Pitt-street ! ! !—he does not blush to ac knowledge the manner in which he has fought this battle ! We must then blush for him. We blush for his corruption ; we blush for his shamelessness ; we blush more than all for the' impenetrable obduracy which will not see, and which cannot feel, how immea surably beneath contempt he has fallen, and how infi nitely that contempt is heightened by this unblushing bravado ! Clean hands, William Rathhone ? Why, of what a forty doeskin thickness must be the gloves which have kept those hands from defilement ! Were thy protector allies drenched only by eau de cologne last Monday morn ? Were there no dirty garments—no smeared faces—no whisky-filled, bloodshot eyes, with whose owners this immaculate was required to fondle ? Was it purity which paid the rates of the illustrious occu pants of so many cellars and courts—so many styes and stews ? For shame, William Rathbone ! Be silent, beaten and baffled and fallen Radical ; and, as "an honest man and a Christian," tell us no more, even in the pages of your kindred Mercury —your chosen oracle—of your consummate cleanliness and your "unblushing" purity ! We could laugh—nay, we have laughed —at this farrago of superlative insolence and ignorance. And yet, of laughter it is scarcely so provocative as of pity and contempt. For fallen indeed must be the spirit of the man—once eminent amongst his party, once Mayor of Liverpool—who could permit his wounded self-love to obtain so great a victory over common sense and truth as is displayed in the sentence which we have just quoted We cannot, however, pitiable as is the position in which this would-be great man exhibits himself, allow one material sentence of his objugatory address to escape our fellow-townsmen. Listen, Electors of Great George's Ward, and Electors of Liverpool, to the accompanying expression of his opinion of your ability to comprehend his astounding merits and those of his fellow-patriots. " It is not to be denied or concealed, that a majority of those who have recorded their votes, though not forming a majority of the household constituency of Liverpool, have declared in favour of monopoly. How this has been accom plished it is not difficult to say. It is owing to the ignorance of the constituency as to what are their true interests; to the virulent bigotry of their clerical and political leaders ; and, I am sorry to add, to the want of principle, which has made too many of them the consenting victims of bribery and intimidation." A majority of you, in rejecting William Rathbone— the rejected of Pitt-street and the rejected of North Toxteth—"a majority of those who have recorded their votes, though not forming a majority of the household constituency of Liverpool," have—done what ? "De clared in favour of monopoly!" Shocking and mon strous declaration ! Rathbone and monopoly, be ye henceforth antagonist names. Anti-monopoly and a collarless coat, be ye henceforth synonymous ! Brutal constituency of Great George's—" ignorant of your true interests," unable to perceive the identification of this "honest man and Christian" with liberty, virtue, and good government—be ye henceforth anathema tised ; for " sorry" is your rejected wooer " to say," that it is not folly alone—not your incapacity to see his transcendant abilities; but that "want of principle has made too many of you the consenting victims of bribery and intimidation." A black prospect, however, is before you; for " not many months," exclaims your oracle, " will pass over your head before the results of this declaration in favour of monopoly" (and against William Rathbone) "will be felt, in all their appalling consequences, in the general suffering s of the country !" Fudge, William Rathbone I Keep a quiet tongue. Be modest, and let your ire evaporate. Believe us, there is no more danger to be feared from your rejection by the Electors of Great George's Ward, or from the rejection of all the tribe of you by the Electors of Liverpool, than there is from blowing the froth off a pot of beer or removing the beaver of a superannuated quaker. The Liberal journals give many tokens of late, th at a violent a p pre h ens i on h as ta k en possession of them, lest the Tory party should use their power to lay re strictions on the employment of machinery. They charge their opponents with being downright haters of mechanical inventions, and ready, with truculent arm, to combat windmills, to shiver spindles, or overturn powerlooms ; as seeing, in such contrivances, only so rtirtiv ingttometitA fav digpmin. ,vith and aggravatiog the ary l c s ur,t 'of tnitortit alarm, it is true, may be only simulated; but the lan guage.is that of men who are not quite at ease in their own consciences. Why should they be so excessively nervous for the preservation of their darling mach'- nery, before they have been furnished with some clearer evidences of a meditated attack upon it, than any which they are at present able to point to ? A fussy proclamation of virtue before a specific charge has been made of wickedness or vice, is commonly looked upon as a circumstance of suspicion rather than of in nocence. If the Tories should come forward as ac cusers, they ought to be permitted to do so without a prejudice being raised against them on purely fictitious grounds; and if the machinery party are " armed so strong in innocency," and their case be so sound in itself, they should be silent till they are accused, or till the accusation assume a tangible shape, and then re joiced that the law was about to take its course, rather than complainers at being brought into court. They may make themselves quite easy, however, on the sub ject ; the spindles and looms are perfectly safe. The Tories will never visit the sins of the millocracy on their guiltless iron subjects; their complaint is not against machinery itself, but against those who have misused it, and the evils, hitherto insufficiently guarded against, which have, not necessarily perhaps, but in point of fact have, accompanied its employment. Will the Liberals refuse to allow the distinction ? They are not so obtuse in ordinary matters. However, they may as well take things quietly ; for this machinery question must be investigated, whether they-like it or not; it is deeply, intimately connected with the cry for free trade and cheap corn. Evils connected with ma chinery'there certainly are; the question has become urgent, how are they to be remedied ? • There is an interesting paper in Blackwood of this month, in which many new facts are brought together to increase our wonder at the astonishing progress made in Lanarkshire, and in the city of Glasgow espe cially, in manufactories, population, wealth, crime, pro fligacy, and—pauperism. Well did Goldsmith, long since, write— " 11l fares the land, to hastening ills a prey, Where wealth accumulates, and men decay." With this state of things, machinery has had the most direct and immediate connection. It has been the main instrument both of the wealth and the pe nury—the external splendour and the inward decay; and similar effects, if not in extent, certainly in degree, have attended its introduction elsewhere. Now what is it the machinery party want ? Why, to hide or dis guise the evil. They cannot bear the suggestion that it is possible for machinery to go too fast; over-pro duction is a word which they reject from their vocabu lary; a ten-hours factory-bill is an abomination in their eyes; and as to the demoralization and degeneracy en tailed upon manipulators in crowded factories, we will do them the justice to say, that they make no hypocri tical pretence of caring a straw upon the subject. All these objections, they allow, are but the mental off spring of interested monopolists. " Machinery increases employment for the labouring classes," say they; " every new machine invented causes two to be employed, where but one was employed before ; it is machinery which sets the whole country in motion, and gives it all its wealth; who would check its progress is his country's enemy. Only give us a clear stage and no favour, free trade and markets, and there will be no complaining in your streets, neither will you find in us anything but the best friends to the agricultural and all other classes." If the selfish cla mour and reckless impatience of this party were to be attended to and gratified, it is much to he feared that, for a while, the evils now more particularly contempla ted would be lost sight of. The manufacturing and machinery system would obtain a frosh stimulus, trade might revive for the moment, and, in the whirlwind of the time, no voice would be heard or countenance re garded that did not sound, or look like it; but would the evils of the machinery system be mitigated, or in any way provided against in the interim ? We fear not. It would be the ague in its hot fit—the cold would soon supervene—and then the distressing disco very would be made, that the disease had become more extensive and more inveterate. The present is a very suitable time for making ample inquiry into the work ing of the factory and machinery system, with a view to diminish or obviate its evils. As it is acknowledged that much of the distress to which the operatives are liable is occasioned by their own improvidence and im moral habits, education and moral culture, of course, suggest themselves as the most appropriate remedy for these evils, and they have not been applied by any means to the extent required ; but, without other aids, it is to be feared they will be insufficient of themselves to stem the muddy and murky torrent which they have to encounter. Would that those "liberal" and exclusively enlight ened people, whose sympathies are just now so entirely with the slave-dealing and slave-holding planters of South America, would but turn their eyes for a mo ment, and seriously contemplate the glorious field which, we trust, is at length opening for British in dustry in our own emancipated colonies ! Let them glance over the extent of these noble possessions, and estimate the vast sources of wealth which lie there undeveloped ;—let them see there fertility running to waste—the luxuriant gifts of a bountiful Providence unreaped and uncared for ;—and say, after the survey of such lands, capable of supplying the whole world with their teeming riches, and of absorbing in return such vast quantities of the products of British indus try, whether it is not fitting that all our energies should be put forth to rescue them from their compa rative unproductiveness, and to raise them to that degree of prosperity and usefulness for which they were intended by the hand of Nature ! We have again and again urged upon our readers the pressing importance of this subject, and pointed to the measures by which the object which we have in view is to be attained. By the extension of a liberal system of IMMIGRATION • into these colonies,—now languishing only for the want of an adequate supply of labour to gather in their inexhaustible riches,—the curse of slavery would be put down at once throughout the world, and a source of unparalleled commercial greatness for England—vast sources of employment for her manufacturing population—for her merchants, Or shipowners, and her seamen —would at once be opened out. Already the enterprise of our colonists them selves has done much to point the way, at least, by which this great boon to our country and to the hu man race can be accomplished. Already, by the mere opening of their ports to the free labourers of other states, they have shown what might be done for the British West Indies, (and in their prosperity, let it be borne in mind, is at stake the great question of negro slavery throughout the world,) were the hands of the British legislator stretched forth in an earnest and will ing spirit to aid their efforts. May we hope that the lesson which these efforts have, so far, taught, may not be lost upon the present government ? We trust that it will not By a copy of the Guiana Times, which is now before us—(dated September 22nd, and received by the last packet) —we have the following intelligence, which we quote as-confirming the predictions in which we have ever indulged with respect to the success of immigration, if once fairly tried, in the British co lonies : " The arrival of the Superior, with 224 Africans on board, has once more attracted general notice to our prospects of IMMIGRATION FROM SIERRA LEONE. When this vessel, which is admirably fitted up, left the African coast, there were, the commander says, a thousand people who would have come in her had there been room for them. Many thousands more expressed a wish to follow." Nor is such an inclination the result of any system of crimping on the part of our colonists, as we would fain be made to believe by the organs of the anti-sla very party and the revilers of our West Indian inte rests. On the contrary, we are satisfied that it is a spontaneous effort on the part of the immigrants themselves,—the only inducement used by the planters having been to send back amongst their fellow-coun trymen a number of those who had previously emi grated, to communicate the observations which they had made during an extensive perambulation through the country. " We observe," continues the same journalist, " that English writers in the anti-slavery interest are impressing on the minds of the English people a sense of the propriety of, as they term it, keeping a sharp look-out upon our planters. The sharper the better, say we. Having nothing to conceal, our planters may submit all the arrangements on their pro perties to the nicest eye, and we do trust that those steamers, 114;t411 (tb I.fieß not litl4 a v1.4i,r0 and tpu peraon4l tk conihtion pi' our oea sentationa of indk , iduals, who draw their inferences as to the free system from the hearthurnings that prevailed during the le, ini;tead to the repre apprenticeship In the above hope we need not say how cordially we Let the English people—let the anti-slavery portion of it even—once be able to look upon the con dition and prospects of our West Indian colonies, in a dispassionate spirit ; and they will be the first and the loudest to cry out for the aid of government to be ex tended, largely and freely, to afford them a supply of free labourers, as the true and most efficacious means of putting down that odious system of slavery which exists in the colonies of other countries. From the Exchequer bills' fraud to a war with China, it is all the same—the Whigs have laid the egg, their successors, the country, and posterity enjoy the felicity of tending the produce. Pray heaven, there be not many more of them to hatch ; bad Whigling eggs are extremely insidious, and time alone can assure •us as to the extent of the breed. The China differ ences having cracked the shell, have risen from a little to a now great war. That great Whig diplomatist, Elliot, returns home with all his blushing honours thick upon him, having accomplished this astonishing feat, for which his country can never feel sufficiently grateful. He deserves a cordial welcome on his re turn, on the same principle that some men who leave their country "for their country's good," naturally draw after them the most sincere wishes that favour ing gales may speed their progress to a distant land. We ought to be rejoiced to see the captain relieved from all his labour of filling broken cisterns in the China waters. We augur better things from his suc cessor Sir Henry Pottinger ; his system is, at all events, directly the reverse of that of the illustrious captain. Most people will be of opinion that he had no choice left but that which he has evidently adopted. Our relations with the empire had been brought (as Sir Henry expresses it in his notification) to so " anomalous and unsettled a state," that no honour able retreat by the way of negociation remained for us. The only subject of regret is, that a mode of exit so manifestly hopeless from the first, should have been so long persevered in. Behold us then in full posses sion, or nearly so, of one of our Whig legacies— namely, a war with the celestial empire ! With regard to the eventuations of such a conflict, it would be pre sumptuous to offer one's speculations in a tone of con fidence ; but we own it does strike our humble judg ment that the Celestials will be more easily taught to sing small than protocolists of the Elliot school would have us suppose. Experience up to the present time has clearly shown that in the affair of war, the Chinese mind is in an absolutely infantile state, and it is scarcely within the bounds of probability that it will arrive at maturity, before its peaceful and mercantile developments will have been brought to a more reason able state than they were in at the time of the whole sale destruction of the opium, or have settled down to since. We look for great events among this extraor dinary people. The time of their isolation is most likely drawing to a close, and, although we may not feel quite complacent as to the precise event which has brought our forces among them, we cannot regret that England is the country selected to put an end to a sequestration which has endured for almost countless ages. But to descend in our flight, not from Lombard street to a china orange, but from a Chinese war to a bill forgery—from the Celestial Empire to Exchange alley ! What a sublime notion does it give us of Lord Nlonteagle, and the business habits of Whig officials, to discover the facilities they afforded to for gers, public gamblers, fraudulent dabblers in public securities, and ingenious gentlemanly robbers of such description ! The heads of departments under that pleasant regime were so intent upon accomplishing jobs of their own, that they had no leisure to look after those of their inferiors; and Beaumont Smith, M. Salari, Ernest Rapallo, and such worthies, could play at Exchequer-bills to an unknown amount in se curity. " The fact is quite clear," says the correspon dent of a daily paper, " that the business of the Ex chequer-bill-office has been conducted loosely, care lessly, on false principles, and in an improper manner, by men unacquainted with the forms and requirements of business, and that in future the system must be al tered. Business documents meant to be transferable, require business men to manage them; these should be on the spot, to answer questions and to resolve doubts. Had such men been in the Exchequer-bill office, and such office in the city, this fraud could scarcely have been committed—most certainly could not have been carried on for such length of time." The memory of Whig Chancellors and Whig Con trollers must certainly be sweet in the nostrils of those who suffer by their negligence. Government will not pay the bills, it is said, because the name " Mont eagle " is a forgery ; but the case of the defrauded is surely a hard one, for the bills are genuine in all other respects. It was supposed at one time that even his lordship's signature was genuine to bills not otherwise regular, and that the counterfoil was the only criterion left by which the goodness of the surreptitious issue could be determined ; but it is now alleged that this is an error. But, even on this hypothesis, is it not a hardship that, where so many aids were given to the practice of deception, and the forms made use of were abstracted from the Exchequer-office, and consequently the difficulty of detection was so great, innocent hold ers of these seemingly unexceptionable documents should suffer a total loss ? 0 Lord Monteagle ! Well did a certain gentleman, whom you very well know, once call you—Lord Mount-kite ! Great truly has been the controul exer cised by you in your office; and yet we make no doubt that this worthy Whig, and most peerless peer, will continue to draw his salary as usual—just as if he had been the best of public servants, and deserved well of the republic ! The new farce of " O'Connell, Lord Mayor" obtains a prodigious run in the sister country, and keeps the City of Dublin in a roar. When the entertainment was first announced, and people generally did not know whAt they had to expect, many were apprehensive that it would be rather of a serious turn, or that the shade of politics might be so strong as to prevent the gaieties from appearing to advantage, and producing the desired effect; but the actual exhibition has relieved all such fears—laughter may now hold both her sides, and indulge without the least restraint. Of a truth, Dublin has had many Lord Mayors, but never before so amusing a one as Daniel O'Connell. We hope an historian brother of his reign, may be found ; it will form a chapter in the world's history which ought by no means to be lost. Hitherto his "lordship" has acquitted himself to admiration. " One man," says our great poet, "in his time, plays many parts" ; but Daniel plays an infinite number all in one day. He sits as judge; he acts as counsel; he is Daniel Lord Mayor—of no party; he is Daniel the Repealer —a most decide d partisan ; he is a most loyal and dutiful Chief Magis;aate, bearing the Queen's Commission; he is a demagogue and revolutionist, sympathising with American rebels, and seeking to separate the kingdom; in short what is he not between morning's prime and dewy eve ? Punch, Sancho, (in the isle of Barrataria) Caleb Quotenk—a second Daniel come to judgment— every thing ! Lord de Grey would find a formidable rival in so Protean an adversary, if his lordship were unfortunately moved with the ambition of collecting a crowd, and exciting the wonder of the town; in such a competitic n, we know of no man that would have any chance against Sir Daniel at the present moment. We wish him joy of his new occupation, and only would that all his fooleries were as harmless. The Times of Saturday had a long article gravely arraigning the merry old gentleman as the " curse of Ireland ;" the Times ma y have reason for calling him so, but not, say we, in his capacity of first buffoon on the Dublin hoards. In that character we would uphold him, for he has afforded us therein a vast deal of excellent sport. It has, occasioned us no little surprise, that, prior to our impartial and p ert i nent " mayor vacating his presentsseat,none of our Radical contemporaries have, as usual, ventured to sound a trumpet before him. We expected that the string would have been first touched by our venerable friend the Mercury, and that it would have been kept reverberating by the Journal, Chronicle, and Albion, until Thomas Bolton would have fancied himself not quite so fallen in the eyes of all right" tilt Pe a du be sul lisl t 11( hi; rat th, ovi the hal pei an, P a roc ha