The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1845-09-23 00:00:00

iilPlll WAY MO ttilOarb. SEPT. 23, 1845 Whether rega. _ led with reference to its political or social condition, Ireland remains the " chief dif ficulty" which Sir Robert Peel appears utterly un able to grapple with. Never did any British states !sent eminence, armed with greater hat unhappy country than did the present premier, at the outset of his administration. He found her people wearied of agitation and ready to settle down to quiet habits and industry. Un bounded capital was ready to be devoted to the de- power to benefi welopernent of the country's hidden resources. A firm and resolved rule, neither leaning to a favoured party nor truckling - to a demagogue, was all that was required to bring about the amelioration of its social evils et how have; all these concurrent ad vantages been wantonly or blindly thrown away ! 'Whilst wealth and pro:perity are spreading over the rest of the empire, Ireland is now, at the conclusion of thirty years of peace, almost as wretched and degraded as at any previous period of its history, —torn with faction—the riches of its soil unde veloped, and its population a mass of turbulence and disaffection. Instead of being a source of strength to England—the brightest jewel in her sovereign's crown—lreland is at once her weakness and her shame, the point to which her enemies point with derisive exultation. How, it will be asked, has Sir Robert Peel effected this ? We answer, by mistaking Ireland's read wants, and listening to, and indulging, her imaginary wants. He has legislated in the belief that the Church of Rome, in Ireland, is Ireland herself — that the voice of her priestly and lay agitators is the voice of her people. Instead of measures of solid improvement—measures by which industry would be fostered and loyalty protected—Sir Robert Peel has devoted' himself to the aggrandizement of her Popish church and Popish clergy. Ireland asked for agricultural improvement, for resident landlords, for commerce, and, above all, for peace and leisure to pursue those habits of individual enterprise which can alone make nations great and prosperous; and Sir Robert Peel has given her—Colleges ! She asked for bread ; and she receives only more masses and better educated priests. She asked for the ces sation of the turbulent agitation in which she has been so long wickedly involved by designing and rebellious men ; and she has been doomed to see fresh incentives held up to such agitation, whilst loyalty and order are everywhere discouraged. To what one measure can the advocates of Sir Robert Peel's policy point, as calculated to meet the real wants of Ireland—to repair her wretchedness and poverty ? There is no such m easure—nothing which can practically operate to raise the social con dition of the people, much which must tend to lower it ; nothing to produce social peace, but much to invite disension and disorder. When Sir Robert Peel first entered office, we had in Ireland a body of loyal and intelligent men, upon whom England could safely rely in every emergency with which she could be threatened. Agitation might bluster; rebellion might rave; but Protestant Ulster was our own. The loyal yeomanry of the north were our defence. Are they so now ? If they are still faithful to the British connexion, at least it cannot he said that their treatment at the hands of Sir Robert Peel's government has con tributed to keep them so. Insult upon insult has been heaped upon them. Their religious feelings have been wantonly outraged, and their very loyalty has been made a bar to the countenance of govern ment. Nor are the men who thus throw from them affection and loyalty, upon which they could rely, magnanimous enough, in their offensive policy, to command the respect of those upon whom they trample. They commenced a proscription of the Orange magistrwes of Ulster. They superseded two or three; but when they were called upon to fly at high game, they recoiled at the sound of their own thunder. They made a miserable, tricky escape from their first precedent. Lord Roden, the Earl of Enniskillen, the Marquis of Downshire—where are the writs of supersedias which ought, for con sistency's sake, to remove these noblemen from the high offices they hold ? They lie snugly ensconced in the castle bureau, not a hand being found to issue them. Mr. Watson and Mr. Archdalt were small game, which a government official might with some degree of safety practise upon ; but Lieutenants of counties and Peers, it requires more nerve than the Irish government appears to possess to interfere with. Chicken hazard is their forte,—not the great game The true—and they are gigantic—evils, with which we have to deal in our treatment of Ireland, are precisely these, which Sir Robert Peel dare not approach. We refer to her system of Tenancy. A bold man would have taken in hand the task of redressing the wrongs inflicted upon the Colliers— we cannot call them the Farmers—of Ireland. However we may be above the vulgar prejudice, which sets down an Irish landlord as something less than human, and more demonical, we cannot, with the evidence of the Devon Commission before us, refuse to admit his gross neglect of the comforts and well being of those, whose prosperity ought to be his care, as conducive to his own. Let our readers peruse the following description of these wretched beings, as given by the " Times Corn mission,"—a gentleman of whom we are pi wad to have some knowledge. Here is his account of a district near Donegal : _ _ From this town I proceeded to Glenties, a village which is the property of the Marquis of Conyngham, whose chief managing agent is Mr. Benbow, M.P. for Dudley. The whole of the country for many miles in the direction of Dungloe, and beyond that town—in fact, almost the whole barony of Boylagh, belongs to this nobleman, together with the island of Annan, or Arranmore, on the west coast. Once in the coursa of his life—two years ago—the Marquis of Conyngham visited this estate for a few days. His chief agent, Mr. Benow, usually comes once a-year, and the sub-agents visit the tenants every half-year to collect their rents. At short periods of a few years the farms are visited to see what increased rent they will bear, and this is the extent of the acquaintance of the Marquis of Conyngham with his tenants. This nobleman, himself, bears the character of a kind-hearted, generous man—fond of yachting and amusement, and having an excessive distaste for every kind of business or trouble. From one end of his large estate here to the other nothing is to be found but poverty. misery, wretched cultivation. and infinite subdivision of land. There are no gentry, no middle class,—all are poor—wretchedly poor. Every shilling the tenants can raise from their half-cultivated land is paid in rent, whilst the people subsist for the most part on potatoes and water. They are untaught,—thev know not how to improve,— they have no examples before them of a better state of things,—they are left to themselves. As they increase in numbers, as not a shilling of the rent is ever spent among them in the shape of capital, in giving them any kind of employment, they are driven to the land for sup port, till they infinitely subdivide it, and their poverty and wretchedness necessarily increase as their means les sen. Every rude effort that they make to increase the amount of the produee is followed immediately by raising their rents in proportion—as it were, to punish them for improving. They are, naturally enough, as discontented and full of complaints as they are wretched in their con dition. Is this a state of things which can be cured by such measures as Sir Robert Peel has devised for Ireland ? Will more colleges, or more priests, give these poor wretches milk, or butter, to their pota toes ? Alas, no l The government has been legis lating for the agitator—for the disaffected—not for the starving man. Ireland has a disease which is eating into her vitals—draining her heart's blood. Sir Robert Peel is hoping to cure it by giving a few professors kid gloves, and her youthful aspirants to canonicals a trifle more Latin. We have been not a little amused by some re marks in a Saturday's Journal, upon the subject of the election for next year's Mayor. Our contem porary assumes that amongst the candidates for that office is Mr. Richard Harbord. We know, however, for a fact, that the gentleman in question, well qualified as he is for the civic chair, is not an aspirant at all ; and further he is at the present moment disposed to give his support, and the benefit of his influence, to another party. The most absurd portion, however, of our contemporary's re marks is contained in a diatribe against Mr. liar bord's connexion with the Orange order, to which he ought to be proud to belong. The Journal says the order in question is an illegal order. Where is it proved to be so ? We ask for such proof. We are sure that he will not find it in the resolution which he quotes, as having been passed by the Orangemen of Enniskillen, and we give him the benefit of his proof, by giving the paragraph here : Resolved—" That inasmuch as the existing law renders the Orange Institution, as originally constituted, illegal— we do hereby appoint a Committee for the purpose of con sidering under what appellation the society shall be desig nated, and upon what legal principles such a union can be formed, and for the drawing up rules and regulations for the conduct of such union, and that the said committee THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD LIVERPOOL AUXILIARY FOR PROMOTING CEIRISTIANFIY AMONG TII [ JEWS. Jews who are divided into different sections. Each of these occupied the rev. gentleman's attention, and he ex pressed his opinion that this work would prosper, though it might not please God to bring about the conversion of his ancient people by this immediate instrumentality. He had been too long, he hoped, connected with this cause to te suspected of prejudice. His valued friend, the Rev. 3. H. Stewart, Dr. Marsh, and himself, were the three surviving fathers of the institution. He should not, therefore, be suspected of any prejudice or unwillingness to confer privileges upon the Jews, but he objected to confer office upon them, on the ground that the State would thereby lose its Christian character. Much as lie loved the Jew, if he were to be returned, by the elective franchise, to share in the legislation of the country, the coon': ceased not only to be Protestant but even to be Christian. Much as he loved the Jews, he loved his c,untry more He loved it because it was Protestant. He loved it sti though it had undergone a modification of that character; but never would he give up the earnest hope and the aspirations of his heart to God with regard to its Christian character, that should ever be " Esto perpetua !" Mr. NOLAN here announced that the sum collected in the treeti ng amounted to £53; and he also read the col lections made in the churches yesterd-ty as follows : Aigburth (Averst) . St. Bride's (Goodhart and Ayerst) ....... St. Barnabas (Parry) St. Clement's (Bowflower and Gr:nashawe) St. Jude's (Ewald and M`Neile) St. James's (Grimshswe). . Mariner's (Maynard) St. Silas (Nolan) .. Knotty Ash (Hampton) Seaforth (M`Neile) St. Saviour's (Hunt) .. St. Andrew's (Goodhart) ... . Christ Church (Ewald) St. Michael's (Rawson) St. Paul's (Marshall) St. Simon's (Stewart) . . St. John's (Groome) £ s. d. 23 15 0 46 14 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 105 0 0 21 6 0 IS 14 0 18 14 0 19 0 0 44 0 0 8 7 4 31 0 6 30 0 0 10 10 0 5 10 10 12 5 0 10 10 0 In an article in our last paper relative to the con servancy of the port of Liverpool, we noticed the recent discovery of a dangerous sunken rock near the Skerries, (North East of Holyhead point, and laid down in no chart,) which, after an unsuccessful search, as we were informed, by the surveyor of the Admiralty, had, (as we understood) been found by Mr. McArdle, chief carpenter of the City of Dublin Steam Ship Company. We were mistaken as to Mr. McArdie finding it, but it was discovered by parties sent to search for it, in his little screw steam schooner the Daedalus, one of the vessels of that company having previously struck upon it. Lieut. Sarsfield, R.N., the Marine Manager of the Com pany, who sent the men out, communicated the fact by letter dated the 25th ultimo, to Captain Beaufort, R.N., &c. of the Admiralty. Lieutenant S. stated that he had sent the late master of the " Queen Victoria" with the small steamer, on the 13th ult. to search for the rock on which that ves- sel struck off the coast of Anglesea, and thus con tinues : " He has just returned, reporting to me his having found it. It is situated a little to the north-east of what is called the " Gravel Bank" in the charts, with 31 fathoms water; but this rock had only 10i feet at low water on the 21st ult., being 18 feet springs. He sounded with a pole on it, so there can be no doubt of its being there. He left two small buoys on the spot, but with the marks on shore he can find it at any time." Of late years several vessels have struck, as nearly as can be determined, in the same locality, and no doubt on the same hidden rock. One of them, a coasting sloop, was, we learn from good authority, seen to be impeded in her course at the spot, and after wards to go down, when all hands perished. Lieutenant Sarsfield's letter has not, we learn, been yet replied to; but as the Admiralty are now so!e conservators of the port of Liverpool, and its out ward entrances, it is surely high time the rock should he more particularly surveyed, and marked out, for the safety of mariners, either by a large buoy or buoys, or, as a perhaps more suitable and conspic uous object, by a fixed beacon with a bell. It occurs to us too, that the parties who so meritoriously ordered the search, and the men who prosecuted it for many days to a successful issue, are worthy of, at least, the thanks of the Lords of the Admiralty, as they are of the general commendations of the community. There is not a more dangerous part of our outward channel than that in question, espe cially in north west gales, which are frequent. It is in the direct and hitherto considered safe line of ingress and egress to the port, and there is no telling how many gallant ships, "never heard of," may have there gone down with their ill-fated crews, or how many may hereafter be saved by the discovery. The twenty-eigth anniversary of the Liverpool Auxiliary Society for promoting Christianity among the Jews was held last night in the Royal Amphitheatre, which was filled by a most respectable auditory. The deputation from the parent society on this occasion consisted of four lice. gentlemen, the Rev. T. S. Grimshawe, rector of Biddeuham, Berks ; the Rev. W. Ayerst. secretary to the London Society ; the Rev. J. C. Goodhart, incumbent of St. Mary's, Reading ; and the liev. F. C. Ewald, mis sionary at Jerusalem. The chair was taken by the Rev. the CHANCELLOR OF THE DIOCESE. The Rev. THOMAS NOLAN opened the proceedings with prayer ; after which The CHAIRMAN delivered a most impresAve speech. He said he felt deeply convinced that unless the cause of the Jews wete dear to every Christian heart, there was imminent danger that the state of that Christian heart was one over which the believer could find little satisfaction, and much room for misgiving and anxiety. One especial benefit connected with the affairs of this society seemed to be, that it carried us back to the standard of the Old Testament. (Hear.) He had, he owned, long laboured under the conviction, that unless the Old Testament was made the subject of our especial study, our speculations upon the New Testament were not likely to come to any satisfactory conclusion. (Hear, hear.) And he might appeal to his rev. brethren around him if they had not reason to suspect that some of the errors of the present day had arisen from wilfully separating that God had joined together, and et:deev uring to prosecute the study of the new Testament with out reference to that which was the root and sub stance of it, the Old Testament. (Hear.) He felt con vinced, from all he had heard and seen of the present state of religion upon the Continent, that the general Christi anity of the Continent had materially suffered from sever ing those whom God had joined together in a volume not to be separated one from another. (Hear.) Men of study and theology upon the continent had confined their studies generally to the New Testament. Captivated by the beautiful system of morality which the New Testa ment set before us, they had lost sight of the real charac ter of the Bible ; they considered it as a splendid system of ethics, and forgot that it aimed at a much higher object than that of restoring the moral sense and the moral judg ment of man. They forgot that the gospel is a system of atonement and reconciliation, instead of a system of ethics. (Hear.) Had these men begun their theological studies with the Old Testament, or had they but doled out an equal measure of attention to the Old Testa ment as well as the New, and had they but remem bered that the stamp of eternal truth was imprinted upon one as well as upon the other, they would have derived from the study of the Old Testament that preparation of mind, and that prostration of human intellect, which were the only safe qualifications justi fying men for entering upon the study of the word of God. (Hear.) Unhappily for them, proceeding at once to the study of the New Testament, captivated by the beautiful system of morality it exhibited, they had at once become enamoured of what they called " the morality of the Gospel ;" but they had for gotten the purpose that morality has intended to accomplish. The had forgotton the foundation upon which that morality was to be built. Thay had for gotten the state of man by nature. and the real essential character of the Deity with whom we are concerned, and thus losing sight of these great. essential and fundamental truths, they had pursued their theological studies with an increpible degree of earnestness, diligence and activity; but like men entering upon a study in ignorance of the first principles of the truth which the study is aimed at, the further they had gone the more they had gone astray, and their last error had been worse than the first. (Cheers.) On these grounds he rejoiced to see the cause of this society so taken up in this town, that the full and powerful intellect of Liverpool, the bold spirit of inquiry that actuates the population, should be guarded from the delusion to which they must be otherwise expo'ed, by being taught to proceed step by step, from Genesis to Exodus, and Exodus to Leviticus, from Leviticus to Numbers, from Numbers to Deuteronomy,—that they might receive the testimony borne by Moses and the pro phets to Jesus Christ, before they ventured to lift the veil from the things not cognizant by tender human sight; and so the grace of God might be manifested to us in the revelation of his blessed Sop ! The Rev. T. NOLAN then came forward to read the report, and announced that on Wednesday a sermon to the Jews would be preached in St. Augustine's Church. The following are some passages from the report , REPORT " It falls not within the local report, to enter into the details of the Parent Society, and still less are your com mittee required to do so in the present instance, the rather that the 37th report of the London Society, full of interesting and gratifying intelligence, has just been pub li,hed and is already in the hands of the subscribers. Neverthele , s ' there are two points vitally affecting the success and character of the society's proceedings, which have also been considered by your committee and noticed in your last report ; to these points and for these reasons, your committee feel called upon to make a brief allusion. The first has reference to the financial arrangements of the society, concerning which a satisfactory extract was given from the report. " The other point is that affecting the subject of " Tem poral Itelisf for Enquiring and Baptized Jews." This question also occupied the attention of your committee ; arid while they acknowledged the duty, they felt the diffi culty of discharging it suitably. A special fund has been opened for this purpose, and a rule adopted, affirming the principle upon which it is to be distributed, (viz. Itule 15) which directs ' that the relief be applied as much as pos sible in the promotion of industry, by the teaching of trades or other means of obtaining a livelihood.' " Under this head your committee are rejoiced to be able to state with respect to the " Liverpool Institution for poor inquiring and converted Jews," that six of the inmates have been baptized during the past year, and that Mr. Lazarus the superintendent has so far been merci fully restored to health, as to admit of his resuming his important labours. Once again, therefore, would your committee respectfully recommend this meritorious and useful institution to the continued or rather enlarged be nevolence of the friends of Israel." " The funds of the Society show an increase of £lB5 14s. Bd. above the receipts of last year. The disturbed state of Syria has aggravated to no inconsiderable extent, the difficulties of the Mission in that quarter; notwith standing, the report states that " the Hebrew Christian Church on Mount Zion has during the past year been in creasing and acquiring a firmer footing," and upon the whole, your committee firmly relying on God's faithful ness and his truth, are persuaded that all these things are only happening to the furtherance of the Gospel of his dear Son." " There are about 10,000,000 of Jews in the world scattered amongst the nations of the earth : these consti tute the field of the society's labours. To bring the sound of the Gospel near them, there are thirty different stations in connexion with the London Society, distri buted as follows :—Three of them are in England, four in Palestine, two in Syria, two in Persia, one in Africa, and the remainder on the Continent of Europe. It has schools both in London and on the Continent. " These are the arguments, alike obvious and urgent, by which your committee would appeal to their supporters and the public of this great town, soliciting the support of new friends, and increased efforts on the part of those who have kindly befriended them already. New stations might be opened, and each of the existing ones might be considerably enlarged, did but the mercy of Gentile Christians repay mercy hack again to those through whom they first received mercy themselves." The TREASURER then read a statement of the accounts. From them it appeared that the total receipts for the year, paid sermons, subscriptions, and donations, had been £B2B 10s. 10d. After deducting the expenses, the liberal sum of £727 Iss. 2d. had been remitted to the Parent Society. (Cheers.) The Rev. J. H. STEWART moved the first resolution, THE LATE FIRES AT QUEBEC.—Collections were made 1 to the effect that the report be printed, and also that the at the various churches on Sunday last, in behalf of the i usual officers be appointed. sufferers by the late calamitous fires at Quebec. At St. I The Rev. W. AVERST in seconding the resolution, ex- Jude's, £BB ' • 'at St. John the Baptist's, £3l; at St. pressed his thankfulness for beiug allowed to call the at- James's, £23; at St. Phillip's, £32 Is. ; at St. Silas's, tention of that great meeting to the facts respecting the £3l 3s. 6d. ; at St. Nicholas's, £lB ; at St. Mark's, state and history of the children of Israel. He corn £46 ; at the Holy Trinity Church, Birkenhead, nearly ; menced his recital of facts by renewing the history of the £3O; and at St. Michael's, Toxteth-park, £2B 4s. 7d. British Jews, narrating the circumstances of their plunder Surely, some influential houses in the Quebec trade , and expulsion in the reign of Edward the First, when they ought to sign a requisition to the Mayor to call a meet- were compelled to pay £260,000, and no less than 16,511 of ing together. them were banished. For 350 years since that period, no DEATH OF MR. DAVIS OF THE NATION.—We have Jews were permitted to reside in this country, and it was not till the, time of Oliver Cromwell that they mad e never hesitated to acknowledge the great ability with . which the Dublin Nation has been conducted, however the attempt with success. He contended that from the 1 much we might dislike the politics which it has advocated. national treatment of the Jews during these p er iod s , We can now, therefore, express our sincere regret to 1 we ought never to think or sp ee k o f th em as s t ran - gees, that we ought n o t t o t a k e o ff ence a t th e i r know that its ablest head is no more. The gentleman in : question, Mr. Thomas Davis, one of the contributors of Polish or German accent w ith ou t remem b er i ng th a t i n its best prose and its most nervous, though misdirected, the persons of our forefathers we had given occasion for poetry. expired on Tuesday last, after an illness of ten their estrangement. This driving them out had had a days, the fatal result of which we can well believe was very disadvantageous effect upon the Jesuit mind ; but until a comparatively recent period there was little to in accelerated by the arduous duties attendine to editorship, terest inquiry. The state of things now was different, at an age little over 30 years. The members of the re- peal association attended the funeral of the deceased. We and he referred to the establishment of the new sy have had no personal knowledge of Mr. Davis. All ac- nagogue of Protestant Jews in London as a proof counts however state him to ha ve been sincere in his ad- that they were open to conversion. All that these vocaey of Ireland's nationality; and we can well afford, Jews said and did was of a decidedly Protestant cha in our admiration of his talents, to forget that his views racter. They rejected everything founded merely upon were different to our own. the moral law, 50 that the traditions of the elders, THE CHARGE OF LEAVING A SEAMAN ON THE which, in our days as in the time of our Lord, formed so COAST OF AFRlCA.—Captain Glover, of the ship Lydia, great a "stumbling block," were done away with. Soon who was recently charged at the Police-court with having afterwards the Chief Rabbi died in London; and the left a seaman named Benjamin Heseltine, on the coast of speaker reviewed the history of this divisiou up to the pe- Africa, and the depositions in which case were forwarded rind of the appointment of Dr. Adler as Chief Rabbi, to the Admiralty for determination as to whether the case whom he described as attempting to please all parties. should proceed further under the 7 and 8 Victoria c. 112, Ile drew pleasing inferences of the success of the Chris appeared at the police court yesterday, for the purpose of tiara movement among the Jews from the circum the result being publicly announced. Mr. J. liamil- stances of these divisions. The English Jews were ton Parr, atttended on the part of the Admiralty. anxiously enquiring after truth, and it was one of God's Mr. R u shton, addressing Captain Glover, stated mercies that it was placed before them through the agency that the depositions had been forwarded to the stations of the so c i e ty, v i z., Amsterdam, B ag d a d, Gib of this society. Th e spea k er then adverte d to t h e f ore i gn Home Office, and the Home Office had sent them to the raltar, Gottenburg, Frankfort on the Oder, and to that in the city of Bristol, and from his statements it was obvi- Admiralty, who had decided that he should be prosecuted I for having left the man ashore. With their decision he i ous that this ettus'e is greatly progressing. He then en laree:d on the sacrifices which the Jews are in the habit of had nothing to do ; but his (Mr. Rushton's) opinion of 1 the case was of such a nature, that he should admit 1 making from regard to their religion, and reminded the Captain Glover to b ail, to answer an y indictment that I meeting of the care with which they fulfilled their general might be preferred aga inst him at the Sessions u p on duties; but he remar k e d t h at the motive was wrong , the testimony already o n record. M andr. Parr said, i energetic call upon that so far as he concluded ban earnest and ener h e was concerned, acting on behalf English Christi ans to aid the soci e ty i n this great work of the Admiralty, any bail that would satisfy the I of conversion. him, for Captain Glover was not bench would satisfyA collection was fixed at, himself in £lOO, ; was here made, during which the congre likely to go away. The bail gation sang the beautiful h • " snan All hail the power of and two sureties in £ 5O each, to answer the char g e of , , Jesu's name." misdemeanour at the Sessions ; and it having been put in, 1 The Rev. T. S. GRIMSHAW/C moved the next resolu b will take place at the next Lion, in the parties retired. The tria l on, support of which he delivered eloquent sessions. very session*. address, for which we regret we are not able to find room. EXPORTATION OF SALT.—It is said that from twenty It consisted of a luminous exposition of the several de to thirty thouiand tons of salt have been exported from ' scriptions of the Jews in this country, first of the rabbi this port to the East Indies wit hin the last three months, I nical Jews, who adopt the oral law and the cowmen and a handsome profit is expected. tart' of the talraudists, and next of the reformed YESTERDAY'S REVISION COURT. ANTI-MONOPOLY ASSOCIATION'S FRIVOLOUS OBJEC- TIONS At the Revision Court yesterday, this most unconsti. tutional body were mulcted in two fines of ten shillings each for frivolous objections. The wonder is that they have not been victimized more, for they seem to have served their notices right and left, with very little dis crimination. _ _ _ A notice was given for the information of freemrn who had received notices of objection, that the revising bar rister would resume the revision of the borough list this day. ARRANGEMENT OF THE MANCHESTER AND BIRMINGHAM WITH THE LONDON AND BIRMINGHAM RAILWAY COMPANY. The following conditions have been settled upon by the deputation of the Manchester and Birmingham Company: —8 per cent. on the paid-up capital, from Ist February to July, 1846; 9 per cent. from 31st Ju'y, 1846, to 31st July, 1847 ; and from the 31st Jule, 1847, the same rate of dividend as that received by the 1 ondon and Birming ham, and the Manchester and Birmingham Company, being at liberty to call up the present unpaid portion of their quarter shares as wanted, and immediately to capi talise the existing loan of £700,000. the first half-yearly dividend thereon being payable Ist February, 1849; inte rest at the rate of £5 per cent. being deducted on such portion thereof as may not be called up. COTTON MARKET, SEPTEMBER 22. The demand for cotton has considerably abated; the sales to day do not exceed 3,000 bales, and last week's prices are barely supported. Holders do not press their stocks, or a further decline would be the consequence. As it is the market merely presents an inanimate appear ance. £406 13 8 The Rev. HUGH M`NErez, in coming forward to se cond the resolution, was received with loud applause. The Jewish subject, he said, was one with which he ought to be familiar; for he had been speaking upcn it, directly and indirectly, for twenty years, at least two or three times a week. It pervaded the whale Scriptures; and he believed that one of the greatest blessings attending it, in this or any other community, was the attention that it fastened upon the Old Testament Scriptures. (Hear.) The New Testament was short: its principles were general. Short general principles might be twisted by human ingenuity into almost any results ; and where was the rectifying interpreter of those prin ciples to be found ? A rectifying interpretation had been greatly desired Persons claiming the New Testa ment as the basis of their sentiments, differed exceed ingly in the sentiments they educed therefrom, and there bad been a very earnest cry for some rectifying interpretation. Recourse had been had, as we were aware, to a supposed living tribunal invested with authority to decide. The church had been rerf rred to as supplying that rectifyer. The Chairman was fully aware, and he had succeeded in showing all who looked with affection and respect to what he wrote as well as to what he said, that the Church, in the sense now referred to, was not to be depended upon as a rec tifying interpreter. Where should we find that rectifying interpreter of the principles of the New Testament? What if it had pleased God to lay down in great detail a plat form of Gospel doctrine ? What if, before he gave the New Testament. he had given all the principles of it, in plans, sections, elevations, (if he might so speak,) nay, all the working drawings in mosaics ? He did do so. The Gospel according to Moses was the Gospel anatomized. We were invited to scrutinize its ligatures. All its sinews were laid bare. The Book of Leviticus had been compared by one of the fathers of this society to a watch maker's board, upon which the' pivots, and springs, and wheels, and cylenders, were spread out to view, where each might be examined by itself ; and the Epistle to the Hebrews to the watch complete, always going, and always going to true time. Truly it was, but it was to the very uncertain testimony of the Christian Church. The rev. gentleman remarked that our own beloved church did not separate the New Testament from the Old. but there was in her services a distinct recognition o New Testament interpret ition,and not to be thrown upon Old Testament in whose wheels we should find a rectifyer of their oneness. She had combined a reference to the Old Testament in all her se.vice, with reference to the New, and therefore there was in her children a greater knowledge of the Old Testament than in others. Mr. M'Neile here adverted to the utility of supporting the Jewish cause in this respect. It was fruitful, he said, both in defence of truth and in detection of error: and he entered at great length upon a scriptural argument to spew the valuable lessons from this subject in its eccle siastical aspect. The resolution was carried. The Rev. Mr. EWALD and the Rev. Mr. GOODHART text addressed the meeting at considerable length, and at he close of their observations the proceedings termin- Jed. The public breakfast takes place this morning, (Tues day,) at the Adelphi Hotel. BIRKENHEAD AND HOLYHEAD JUNCTION RAILWAY AND MOLD i'.XTENSION RAIL WAY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. SIR,—I was exceedingly surprised to read an article in the Railway Times of the 20th instant, attempting to de preciate the merits of the above railway, while in its no tices to correspondents, in answer to a question I asked the editor, he speaks in favourable terms of it. I can only suppose that the article was written by some irre sponsible pariy, or that they bad bet n misled by a corn• munication from a rival company. I am, Sir, yours respectfully, A SCAREHOLDER. Liverpool, 22d Sept., 1815 SPAIN.—Our private letters give a sad picture of the state of Madrid—one of them says " Public credit, such as it was, is at an end. The government is without money, and the Bank of S. Ferdinand refuses to lend without better security than it has hitherto had. Nar vaes has, through M. Mon, menaced and coaxed alter nately, but all has been of no use. The President of the Bank, replied—You know well that I wish to serve yon, but our shareholders are uneasy—they have no longer any confidence in your stability.--Globe of yesterday. THE REGISTRATION. — ill EWCA STL E - UPON-TYNE. The League have been exceedingly active in this district, in prefer, big objections and supporting claims. Upwards of 100 objections were made to freemen on the list of voters for this borough, 80 of which were sustained. The Conservatives appear to have been completely inactive. After revising the borough lists, the revising barrister pro ceeded with those of the county, and as far as the revisal has been conducted the result has been favourable to the Liberal and League party, thus showing the vigilance by which their proceedings are characterized. PROGRESS OF THE RAILWAY SYSTEM.—The rapid progress of the railway system may be inferred from the number of announcements of new schemes which every morning appear in the daily papers. There is another equally conclusive indication of the fact which has not yet been alluded to in the public journals. We refer to the numerous railway ffices which are to be found in all the leading streets in the neighbourhood of the Bank of England. Moorgate-street is crowded with these offices. It promises to become as celebrated for its railway offices as Lombard-street has long been for its banking estab lishments.—Railway World. A SPECIMEN OF A MASTER OF A WORKHOUSE.—The Andover enquiry, which has occupied so much of the public attention, has disclosed some facts which ought to satisfy the public as to the kind of morals which the New Poor-Law Commissioners consider essential in one of their officials. We give here the evidence of one witness, as to the sobriety of the master of Andover Workhouse : Mr. T. Pontin examined.—l am landlord of the Ma sons' Arms-inn. Mr. M'Dougal has frequented my house. I have seen him drunk several times, perhaps twenty, during the three years and a-half I have kept the Masons' Arms. By drink I mean that he was not capa ble of taking care of himself. It was in the evening, and principally on Saturdays. I should say 1 had seen him incapable of taking care of himself eight or ten times. By Mr. Prendergast,—Antony, the porter, would come for him sometimes, and young M'Dougal sometimes, and finally Mrs. M'Dougal would come and fetch father, son and porter. I don't mean to say that the son and porter were tipsy. (A laugh.) She could see them all out and follow him. Sometimes the son would could come first, and wait half an hour or an hour, and then the potter would come, and wait sometimes an hour, or perhaps more, and then the mistress would come. This won't' take place at 10, 11, or 12 o'clock, and on one occasion it was later than that. He was rather inclined to sing on those occasions. A nice gentleman this, with his other propensities, to have the shield of authority thrown over him ! THE EXPERIMENTAL SQUADRON.—The Dublin Re porter brings some additional particulars of the probable movements of the fleet :—" It is expected that the fleet will leave this harbour on Saturday, and that its destina tion will be Plymouth, where probably the Queen will remain as guard. ship; the other vessels of the squadron, whiise sailing powers have not been sufficiently tested, proceeding after a short time upon their cruise. Since the fleet commenced their experimental voyage, they have not had what seamen would term a gale of wind ; but, as in the months of October and November strong winds generally prevail, a favourable opportunity will probably present itself of ascertaining the respective sailing powers of the several ships."—Since quoting the above, we have found the following in last night's Times : " The eight line of battle ships, composing the experi mental squadron, under the command of Rear Admiral Hyde Parker, C.B. with that gallant officer's flag flying on board the St. Vincent, 120, Captain Rowley, arrived in Plymouth Sound during Friday night from Cork. On Saturday morning several of the ships reported defects, which will be immediately attended to by the dockyard. The fleet sailed from Cork on Thursday afternoon. Rear Admiral Parker is still very unwell in his cot, on board the St. Vincent. He will strike his flag at Devonport, and Rear Admiral Sir Samuel Pym, K.C.8., the superinten dent of the dockyard, will hoist his flag on board the St. Vincent, and assume the command. Sir Samuel Pym was appointed to the command-in-chief by the Admiralty on Friday." UNION OF YORK AND LANCASTER.—Wbo would imagine that our matter-of-fact railroad system would reproduce one of the romances of I istory ? Yet a " line" is to play the part of the Princess El zabetb, and to unite the claims, happily not conflicting ones, of York and Lan caster. Doubtless it will prove for the welfare of both.— Illustrated London New:. Models and plans of the vessel were laid out in the mould room, and excited much attention. The form of the vessel is very well adapted forthe object intended, and she is expected to steam seven or eight knots without sails, and, though lightly sparred, she will, no doubt, be a very fast sailer. The average rate of sailing will not, therefore, be far short, if at all, of the regular steamers, besides having the'advantage of carrying large cargoes at a light expense. After the ceremony of rearing one of the midship ribs on the keel plate, the party examined the models and plans of the vessel, and others in the mould room. Here, too, was shown a beautiful model in brass, of Mr. Woodcroft's patent screw prop ller, which may be readily set to any re quired angle or pitch, for greater or less speed, as the sail set aid the locomotion of the ship may, from time to time, require. A model of a new and apparently most efficient windl ass was also shown, and the inspection of the whole occupied an agreeable half hour. The company then sat down to a sumptuous dejeune, and wines, given by the builders, and provided in his accustomed arid superior style by Mr. Skane, of the Rotunda Hotel. On the viands being removed, several loyal and appropriate toasts were drunk, which drew forth many interesting remarks on iron vessels and their superior adaptation for steamers, and on the screw for propulsion, in preference to the clumsy paddle wheel. Mr. SANDS and Mr. W. RATHBONE stated their opin ions as being strongly in favour of these new projects, and anticipated from them many beneficial results. Mr. GRANTHAM spoke at some length on the import ance of iron ships in connection with the screw propeller. All the prejudices against iron ships were fast dying away, and that of fouling was now the only feasible ground of objection left to their opponents. But it was discoverer' that fouling did nit take place except when the vessel was becalmed, or at rest ; and this would not be the case where steam was used. He had succeeded in removing one of the greatest objections that had existed against the screw, by applying the engines direct to the propeller shaft; thus obviating the necessity for spur wheels or bands. He add ed that within the last week, the government bad issued specifications to the several extensive builders for a large number of engines, of three hundred-and-fifty and four hundred-and-fifty horse power, to be worked on the prin ciple he had advocated. _ 'Mr. 111`TEAR observed that he hRd for a long time seen the advantages of this system, and highly approved of the plans on which the vessels were to be constructed ; he ob served that a good coat of tallow was an excellent remedy against fouling, but, on the whole, there was nothing to apprehend from it. He also spoke strongly in behalf of iron as superior to wood for steamers, instancing the fact, that inmost wooden steamers, requiring new boilers, the sides were found to be charred by the heat and had to be renewed, while the sides of iron steamers remained sound and uninjured. Mr. fosEPu EWART, whose health was drunk, as a Elirector of the Peninsular and Oriental Co., expressed his conviction that iron ships, and the screw, would ulti mately prevail. After passing a most agreeable hour, the chairman rose and was followed by the rest of the company, who took leave of Mr. Hodgson, highly gratified with what they had seen and heard. Another large vessel for the Brazil trade, almost ready for launching, is also building by Messrs. Jas. Hodgson and Co., from Mr. Grantham's plans, and has been much admired; she is also to be worked similarly to the New York vessels. BIRKENHEAD AND HOLYHEAD JUNCTION AND MOLD EXTENSION RAILWAY. TO TIIE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD SIR,—At the close of the leading article of the Railway Times, of the 20th instant, in rather smaller type, and an entirely different diction, there appeared a paragraph, warning the public to beware of any undertaking of mag nitude connected with the rising town of Birkenhead, not emanating directly from Messrs. Jackson, Potter, Laird, &c. The article in question, with the half cloak of editor ship, then proceeds to analyse the scheme of the Birken head and:Holyhead Junction and Mold Extension Rail way, after having " looked over," certainly not on, " the prospectus," otherwise it must have been " bet ween sleep ing and waking," for in the dreams of the writer he has fancied insurmountable difficulties ; the first stated as operating against this company, " they will have to pur chase at an enormous cost,! land at Birkenhead, to com mence their labours, land the most valuable in the town ship, running from the docks, through the densest of the population," this first objection being untrue, must fall to the ground, as I have seen the plan of the line, I can con fidently assure the public there are only a few straggling houses, a very few ; where this railway approaches Bir kenhead, what applies to the public at large, will apply with equal justice to the shareholders, not to be frightened out of their property. The continuation of objection is, that it is proposed "to carry the line through sandhills. along the coast of an almost unin habited country," which, were it true, must be an advantage contrasted with the remarks in the previous part of the paragraph, as land would be cheap, and thus equalize the value of property through which this railway will pass. The country, however, is not a line of sand hills, but one containing a fair amount of population, a considerable traffic, and the extremity. a districet offering the most favorable opportunity to be made grow, (as Birkenhead had been reared,) to an immense popu• lation, both as sea bathing r e sor t, an d permanent suburb of Liverpool and Birkenhead. No rail way is expected to pass through a continuous tract of dense population. Again, the writer in the Railway Times says the capital is too small, absolutely paltry, £500,000 ! ! half a million sterling ! ! ! a trifle to an enlarged mind. But Birkenhead has risen by three men, only three are named, with two, &c., to reduce it to a rule of three question, what was the capital employed ? the capital which made this place so overgrown ! ! that is, forming " Docks the largest in the world, a park which in two short years rivals those of the Metropolis, streets and approachable roads, equal to any in England, a supply of water and gas inexhaustible ; in hort, every thing that can conduce to the wants of an immense population, this is the most unkind cut of all," having got an immense population, to deny them the free dom of goinz where they will, and by what conveyance they wish. There is a railway to Chester, why not one to Mold ?—there are omnibuses to Hoylake, why not a rail way ? Steam packets laid the foundation for Birkenhead by ingress, and by steam carriage the inhabitants are to be denied egress, except the despot leaders of Birkenhead, according to the Railway Times, choose to take them. Unfortunately for the arguments of this Railway Times correspondent, in alluding to the " Birkenhead and Ho lyhead Junction liailway," it is said " were such a thing to come out under the auspices of the " Chester and Bir kenhead Company," "it might be feasible." Why ? are there no brains except in the craniums of these directors ? —no money but in their purses? —or are they worth more than what belong to others? The Birkenhead and Holy head Junction Railway has the good will of the largest landowners through the district it passes on the Cheshire side of the Dee, and the entire approbation of that rich mineral proprietary on the other side. With these advantages, and the opinion of one of the ablest engineers in her Majesty's service, of the practica bility of the scheme, combined with that of the gentle men employed by the company to carry out the project, there is little doubt this line must prove successful, not withstanding the petted littleness of the present attempted childish opposition.—l am, sir, your most obedient servant, Liverpool, 22nd Sept., 1845. "RAILS." The Bishop of Chester intends forming another arch deaconry in his diocese, which will be called the " Arch deaconry of Lancaster." FODDER COOKING.—A very ingenious and certainly excellent boiler for steaming the provender for cattle has just been erected by Messrs. W. Jones and Co., at Mr. Sparks, in Porter-street, who is so convinced of its efficacy that be will willingly show it to those interested. The advantage of steamed over raw foods for cattle is now generally admitted, and the want of some means of over coming the difficulties of providing the former is all that has prevented its universal adoption. The apparatus will, we think, remove all difficulties, and it is certainly worthy the attention of Many of our extensive cart owners and 'battle feeders. Inner Temple, Sept. 12, 1845 . . A die' A foreign fiddler to whom the Queen present 2: s mond ring is stated to have sold it to a Jew for X•i* d Of The Aughsburg Gazette says that Prince Fen:lina" at an Coburg, d his son, Leopold, who are e s P ect-ed Vienna, will soon visit London and Lisbon. „ion/ The Landon and South Western RailsaY '-' 4l f ,';' r the announce a " great reduction" of fares, on a nd 8. Ist of October. of We have heard it estimated that the present Pr T " Di Messrs. Pickford, as carriers on the London n : 4 5 S 4O mingham Railway alone, are something betvieen and £3),000 annually.—Railway ExP rees The Directors of the Eastern Counties , 11 ties;; that decline to revive the system of season tickets urn, oalf of day tickets has been fairly tried. They sta te ts'" 24 season tickets were applied for last year. r f the ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.—The performao -e nu' legitimate drama at this theatre continues to at c l ie r t e ie i n o te s merous and, as the company is b no means delighted audiences. The bill of y fare for the ens week is very attract .- oat a] eat NORTH UNION AMALGAMATION.—An arr an has at length been come to by the directors of ti , j3 Grant pang, with the Manchester and Liverpool 90 " being Junction IJ , ited Boards, by the North Un teel guaranteed 10 per cent. Agri` papers The of id mostria, received myportti b important matter our ordinarytterref referred t o in t he • 01 6 ex press 4 S t• disease by which the potato crop has been par r ' a vce tacked in Europe and America. The alarm in tl was subsiding ; even in Belgium, it would anll,r"daf' evil had been greatly exaggerated.—Times of res`l,-;ber, hops.—Our hop market was full ss. per cwt ",-frote and no wonder, with such very unfavourable rePnr;cotae the plantation, the crop being represented ashasun7,otber to a stand, without any prospect of its m aking s;,';.. the start; and, with the most favourable weather dor'"i'opot remainder of the month, it is thought the du t y e- Wso tbet reach £12,000. Picking has not vet commenced, ° fa 6 our market will not be supplied with any ne w bops fortnight or more.—Worcester Journal ORANGEISM REVIVED.—The Repeal agita tion meel 0 sink under the well-guided power of the Peel gove rs cert The Repeal agitation is as flourishing and foolish as ii - e old and another is about to spring up in the revival of Orange Society, under the auspices of Lord Roden* „ s to elo ae intentionthe law s oto is o openlyshape avowed.the pla n of v e the riy a r t. o il ,. R o t b i e e n r t,"!e ( l is the tinker who makes two holes in stopping rather he has improved upon that workmanslq 0.°613/ degree of making the two holes without stoPP' n° one.—Examiner. the 15t‘11 FATAL SHIPWRE.CR.—A letter from Brest oi instant mentions, that at 7 o'clock p.m. on the l' r , e l e ,;anet evening, the war schooner Doris coming for Mar."'Wsll o , was laid on her heamends by a sudden squall , ..” 3 ,1; sad was entering the roads of Brest, and instantly sink. Boats were immediately sent out, which fac"; the 28 men, and four others had swum ashore. A°o of th,ts ship;drow neEdnswigterieGLiriaenndte,ntahnet second officer; eceor rgo d o iv e i l l.fi c jare o li the surgeon. The Doris had on BB board'a r cr 3 e s w h n 9 f a l r - efc o b e c el i the e d 8 1 h 8 o p re as o s i e l n t g h e e rs side 0 of f B ih re e' s s t e , and so that 46 were missing.—Tmes of ps Yesterday s e oo s nn t e st r i Cl a a t Y o . f Lail° e t ° Mr. Hudson visited Bristol last week in refer e ,: r e the the purchase of the Bristol and Gloucester Frio ' ra ' s yor North Midland, and the change of gauge. I legr et i and corporation took the opportunity of asking the °; man's advice and assistance as to how the oon n r,„, - ataa' the port, which seems to be stationery, might be Pru - n j the'. There is some dispute connected with the docks , A f ' e " r corporation seeks to possess itself of them, to c iP- 1 the tonnage duties may be reduced. Mr. ' Hod s° ' O O ei is reported by the local press with all the mlan,t e :plea h i ; detail that attaches to the movements of so grey e. P potentiary and with suitable diplomatic deferenee:to tb mayor asked leave to relate Mr. Hudson's views next town council, which was graciously accorde"' ho joseP DIED. —On the 21st instant, aged 20 months, son of Mr. D. Brownsworth, Birkenhead. TELEGRAPH OFFICE, SEPTEMBER 2.. n ng; Wind at Holyhead, N.N.W., strong breeze, re° -r -nifig. • 40' ditto. N., ditto, noon ; wind, ditto. N. moderate , e v : A ina, Off Holyhead, at two p.m., No. 756 barque -- graphed,) from Africa ; 543, ship St. Patrick, from - r hine u briP The Engineer steamer, apparently with her Ma - coil maged, was towed into Beaumaris Bay, by tl' e . steamer, at 3 30 p.m. 1,0 0%5 Off the port, at 5 30 p.m., two barques and two 22. 4 , NORTH HAY MARKET, SEF T s ". d• j. 6 I* s. d. s. d. I Hay, old 2' lb Oll @ 1 1 Potatoes, 1 golb• I 7 •-• i 5 new Vetches 0 0— 0 23- Short Tops • • I 5 ,0 : Grass a 0 0 ; Straw, Wheat 0 4 0 63 Turriips, v ton ' 0 0— 7 1 .: 4 Oat 0 4- 0 5 'M a n ;Manure 5 6 --/--- Barley TIDE TABLE 15, I EVN. HEIGHT Ho'fj-* M RN Tuesday 23 3 32 Wednes. 21 4 27 Thurs... 25 5 42 Friday.. 96 7 8 3 68 11 11 DATES :43I 6 25 : 10 2 8 43 I 11 3 fte 931 12 A - 11A2:1,480 Y IgtbSun dl o a irio irri° 10 44 14 0 Direct.ll:><, ______---..---------ligai 1 Lima ..... • • ./ 0/1 , St. Helena •• J°4 , I' l 1 0 M M aranha • •• 0 I .. Aa' Saturday '27 8 1 Sunday. 28 9 8 Monday. 29 9 52 LATEST direct Australia Bahia Barbadoes.. Bombay B. Ayres ... Calcutta ... C. G. Hope Charleston . China ...... Deme.ara.. Havana .... Jamaica.... La Guayra. April 19 July 8 July 7 1 July 5 June 11 Aug. 29 May 12 July 19 0 Mauritius Mobile .... • it Monte Videe.'JOY N. Orleans •• •• 3 3 Pernambuco York New co SuePlYt. Jali 9 1 Ri o Janeiro. • • tig 1 ; Savann ah ..• • • al l " Valparaiso Vera Cruz • • • • LIVERPOOL: TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, a, PRINTED AND PUBLISHED N I .: TUESDAY MO BY JOSHUA FLETCHER LACE, of 53, Grove.streeti. and Orders and Advertisements are received by LEONARD ADDISON, of 14, Great Orford.strene,. $ O 4 At No. 4, Si-. GEOROWS CRESCENT, Llirligr°-proft0:00 CO , Warwick-square Barker and White.. ; rie s PO , gessrs• L i e et 6 .40 1 Deac•on, Walbrook ; Reynell, Chancery-lane; "lopillAlooo' court, Fleet-street; Lewis and Lowe, Birchin-lane ; Joseph Thomas, I, Finch-lane,,C, ° s, ftef Or!: den Hammond, 27, Lombard-street; Mitcnem c oarw is9'; 3, CaStl! ip cja" hill; at the London Commercial Coflee-houe, ffibaterei444, at the Jerusalem Coffee-house Cornblll / 0 A Ol , 0 1P , fee-house, Paternoster-ro - Pl ' th and S °6 Ace'Thlll s ' w , Or _ n nil Coffee-house, Threadneedle-street ; Parsons, A u o, Yo:, lane, London ; Johnston and Co, Ed e n lorke i , C ; e 11 0 :1 Wheeler, Exchange-street, and C. H. Lr s t. 13_ 0° , - .. - 11/ °' Manchester ; Haddock, and J. arid W. "",.. —. 4 ivi'' Warrington; Clarke, Pilot-office, Preston; a'"' Terms of Subscription for this st d Of Damn, Harald-office, Birmingham, no 0 pater V" ... ii• i , a ....., Ailp one year, El. 35.; half-year, 112. v 4. l ot. v advance—one year, ,E 1 l a. ; half-rat' EVERY be empowerd to submit such rules and regulations to eminent counsel tor their direction and opinions as to their strict legality and conformity to the law, and take such steps as may be necessary to carry out these reso lutions." Now in the first place, we utterly deny that the Orange Society, even in Ireland, is an illegal body. The Processions Act which strove to make it so, has expired ; and that act never ex tended to England. So far as Mr. Harbor() is concerned, it is absurd to say that his Orange office ever affected him. Neither have the Orangemen of Ireland, by the resolution quoted, discovered that they have acted illegally by being members of that order. It was never, by act of parliament, declared illegal. A ministry, and that a Whig ministry, re quested its dissolution ; and the request was com plied with. Sir Robert Peel discountenances it. But what then ? Sir Robert Peel is not the law of England; and a refusal to abide by his Opinions, and to follow his conceding policy, is not a refusal to abide by the requirements of the British consti- tution. What a condition would Englishmen he in if it were ! It may he said that the resolution itself concedes that the order in Ireland has been an illegal one. Certainly it bears such an admission in the face of it. But the Journal should have quoted the re maining resolutions, which would have neutralized that which we have given. Men conscious of the determination of a government to put down anything which bears the semblance of loyalty, and to en courage disaffection, are likely to make every effort to evade the oppressive power which is striving to put them down. When we know that to he true to England is to be out of favor with England's Government, we may be excused if we try our best to keep within those limits which will ensure us from its vengeance. But the fact after all is not shirked by the Orangemen of Enniskillen. They tell Sir Robert Peel that they are Orangemen, and intend to remain so. Let him and let the Journal digest the admission. NEW ERA IN THE BUILDING OF MERCHANT SHIPS. LAYING THE KEEL OF A NEW YORK STEAM-AND-SAIL LINER. Amongst the novelties of the day, bespeaking the still increasing commercial enterprise of our town, and the not less gratifying progress of mechanical science which it calls into action, is the fact that the building of transat lantic line ships for good, and passengers, not, as hereto fore, of wood, but of iron, and to be propelled by steam (with the screw) as well as sails, has already commenced, under auspices which give promise of the greatest suc cess. The present American line sailing ships are, it can not be denied, an honour to the country from which they sail : they are constructed and equipped in the best possi ble manner, with accommodations for passengers equalling, if not surpassing in splendour, and scarcely in comfort, the palacial edifices of our nobility ; and combine sailing with cartying qualities to a degree which our fore fathers would have deemed unattainable. But such is the requirement for rapid transit—that economist of time, and consequent prolonger of active life—of an age impa tient of all avoidable delay, that even these (though they will long, no doubt,maintain afavoured position) must give precedence in speed and adaptation for the ocean highway of commerce and intercourse, to vessels in which the skill of the engineer and the seamen are united. The present line ships represent the macadamizing of that high road, but the steamer realizes, by the like analogy, innumerable railways on the high seas, equally desirable for those who voyage on business or for recreation. We are led to these remarks by the result of an invita tion given to a large party of gentlemen interested in the navigation of the port, to witness what paddy would call the laying of the foundation stone of a new iron line ship, or in other words, the keel of a New-York liner—the first of the kind, as she will be provided with steam power as an auxiliary to sails—at the yard of Messrs. James Hodgson and Co., iron ship builders, Toxteth Dock. The principal owners will be Thomas Sands, Esq., Messrs. M'Tear and Hadfield, and Captain Thompson, of the liner Stephen Whitney. The design was provided by Mr. John Grantham, C.E., who has given much of his attention to the modelling, constructing, and pro pelling by the screw, of iron vessels, and under whose su perintendence the new ship will be built and fitted with engines. Messrs. Bury, Curtis, and Kennedy are to supply the engines. The dimensions of the ship will be as follows :—length of keel 188 feet, beam 32 feet, depth from main deck 20 feet, ditto from spar deck 7 feet 3 inches; tonnage, 0.m., 981 tons, n.m., 1,317 tons; power 180 horses, on Mr. Grantham's patent direct action principle ; the screw to be employed as patented by Mr. Woodcroft. After providing the requisite space for the engines, about twenty-one days' coals, and ample state cabins for sixty passengers, she will still have room for upwards of one thousand tons measurement. Sept.2l2l/445. THE LEGALITY OR ILLEOALITir OF S CB TRANSACTIONS. ieestec ifuedgee' ircii.Bl)os(el's t t ehone The Committee of the Manchester Stock ho e have just submitted the following questions fof,%nerl, nion of Sir F. Thesiger, her Majesty's AttorneY Mr. Ogle of the Western Circuit, and Mr. CowOus, this circuit.replies will interest our readers: Jore Ist. Whether as to the companies established.7o"the the Ist November last, and therefore not wit° 110) banker p s' rovisio the sale of letters of allotmtnt, banker; receptor or any of them, is legal tmen t ' 'We are of opinion that sales of letters of allo 6 , t„, lished before the Ist of November last, are no withci receipts, s f atnh(ei scrip, issued, abnyd companies V i c.e..0 tbll provisions of the statute 7 and 8 Vic., C. 1 10 ' 8 1 companies a opinion si tnadbel consequently, the sales of such documents are lee B re . ink 2nd. Whether railway companies are within too`tber strictions as to sale or transfer of shares , T r y 00, _ cm re oe s m t n . pt i ,l c eb t t i ae v n e kre c eg l r a sis ufes of the above act ; a nu A before a of ti evident from iuie s t ic u r h ui We awrhe.. o t r h o er p , in a i f o t n er ttr p hrea r ac e tt , ei v oi isional registration , after the Ist of November rp i na a t tw,t, or scrip, s e scc: w rli f letters illegal' s o tthe rest "troth contained in the 26th section of the 7th and Stb 110, and we think that sales of letters of allotment' r the made s ite, the erg' receipts, and scrip, attempted to be provisional, but before the complete registration 0' company, are illegal. t bet/ 3d. Whether, after complete registration , such geher tiscateslceirl;enrdagaiaetiaapi s nncudsrl , n : ldtgier.e r daeig i gswtos p af ( 0, a opinion ins notwithstandingci o r scrip p that s t a h l e e n s thaveahfet they ra b cr e oe e ni n s op issued , a aa quentl We of scrip only) is legal or illegal ? y ob to taining an act of parliament, the sal-e-of, ; trot° other registration, and before the act of incorporatio s hould f the have all those powers conferred by the first pa iota section which are most qualified or retained edftrhotoomirv.a'by tbe.,tbe tten e enei tdgontihinfindaelbrtoesylttnahrdt authority eietfldirwtNytaphyofoaovrctretormieomaxnibelpewcaoronaf executing lti e athic s sgeot e n32t s ahs t pret a eah b v t.n l l iisoeesf oo:lo s o 01 , If ethd the sale s n al o e t o in s d cr anything either in that , b a t the companies,oopptlehbfart 4th. p, after complete nro be legal, whether it is not the duty of the r,otor sional directors to lodge the subscription coot' istrf hicti rendercs h of f t i e i ig. s nac t l o osr b apl e oe scr aootlioescracetregi6dipshtbtobryo3o"tsci:: other requisite documents, at the late re' office, so as to obtain a certificate of comP le s ell gistration, and thus enable scripholders ta We consider it to be the dut of the provisional r d e i ci reC al : ators certificatest o t h. lodge f tob ftehcreoemss restrictive ce s t c t ie r v i er p et clauses subscription registration. contracts oonf. and other 1‘ site documents, at the office, for the purpose of ° la ‘ a " to railway companies, whether the sale of le‘`,.. 0 t allotment, bankers' receipts, or script, be or Ir w 1 s e t d N o o November b t of letters Viet., that the restrictive clauses m • r t he c.llO, apply torailway companies afte # as B to ei rolfasatl,loittmonelnyt,rebmanaiknesrsf,orruecsetiopto3,b_ierrv:e:, bee, independently o b t l y o re of theththeelsstatacttoofatleo:;:titPpob°llof, sale would be illegal. Faun. THESIGSIt n ...MUD. OGLS. t hotil TH E 1 111 E b r uLic ` w ted f hi. tt4 41 1 T ick 111 4 Or 'tN ltit, th'-: