The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1838-11-16 00:00:00

TRIAL BY JURY (From the _Wiwi On resuming the subject of the propos on trial by jury, as recommended by the metropolitan police committee and commented upon by Mr. S Adan►s in his letter to Mr. Benjamin Hawes, take the o nnoration giant vortunity, before proeeethng further with the maul :1r to oh ,~'('t'~l ~~ t is ci.d!eti tile present sky, and the constitutional jealousy 0f ar bitary power wliich the old race of English patriots cherished, and which used to he considered character istic of liberal ----.ll4;44l.lil. l tilaniaii_____ of f that which ancient • T-. p,ttriotism mast dreaded—arbitrary power.. - frt e greAt. promoters of a centralised system of police, the most effective weapon that domestic tyranny ever wielded to crush political rights ate I -;'ence public opini,in, a nth' ~!stiiies, the present condition of Franc are chiefly of the li CMS of the advocaf set House. Vie may himself, the chairman o mitte we dare s with the exception of Grote and Mr. H o ne, no man ex a more profound dmiration pressive and uncoostit , legislative powe' poverty to the alism" of Mr. H one of the only deavoured tol the House of Lords, say endeavourer!, ft failure ; and, from hi House of Lords on Hawes tool rather, older and not It ttust drat, will prove We stated yesterday that Sm . . lilted the assertion of the met rop:.l i tan p that summary conviction wouncl . tend by producipg authentic returns, wh.:- that crime has steadily increased Mr. .13 12 n j He wilt not co 11.11 Is 3 three 1 cannot i tIN 0 CD O'Cc bortiv to cutting down a popular in hat op. en nw, summitry commit!"!.:, whilst ea. übmitted to juries have remained nearly stationary, or have continued to retrogadc. The learned sergeant observes th.tt the returns which he has adduced in evidence conclusively show that, " if we wish eijier to detect and punish, uf to check and diolinish criine, we must look to other sources than the erection of summary tribunals—viz. a vigilant police eslahlishinent, and a whoi,soine pri son discipline." Now a vigilant and efficient consta bulary power we by no means object to, but what we do object to is, that the orgAnisation ant control of aii the constabulary force in England (we are not fowl of foreign terms when we have as good in English) should be in the hands of the ministers of the croon. We are, therefore, glad to see the. great corporation of London determined on having a vigilant and efficient constabulary force,undefits own commend and super vision, in despite of the effoits which our "liberal" govethment is nilking• to establish th exotic Bourbon svweni o "c:-nr ralisaiion," with tli swamping all tilos are essential to the Relent institutions irity of our hereditary lib In additibn to a vigilant and .efficient constabulary force and a Ivholesome prison discipline, we think th,, repeal of a most oppressive modern statute necessary to check and dit»inish c7iine. We know not whet:ier Sergeant Adams is an advocate or opponent of the new .poor law, but we do kri , w; that the eil:2ct of that law is to increase that class of crimes which come under the head of " larceny," from the offence of stealing a loaf of bread to that of sheep stealing in rural districts. We know that in some counties the increase of ci imi nal business at the sessions since that cruel and impo litic act came into operation is as remarkable as it is alarming, more especially as crime had hoeu prey inns]) on the decrease. We also believe that the deficient:l of sound religious and moral instruction has a yen pernieions effect upon the social habits of the people We will, then, make an addition to the pass we have qu.ited from S21.2:•111t. Adams rely checks anti preventious of crime, am must look to other sources than t " tv lant police e.i.lab marY tribunals—namely, a :Went—a wholesome prison disci ii , and mor , al education of the poor, Id YUilib poor law." As to the efl - :!c' of n checking crime, the operation of the s fields Howe of C, ; year from 9,803 to 7,600. _ that result, the silent system ha\ ig in the year 1835, when th e l ar ger nurnoir Jiro:cat the state of crime, which in the following year was represented by the smaller of thosU figures. The metropolitan police committee state the tiiree following alleged causes of tire increase of crimc arguments in, favour of summary tribunals The delay and loss of evidence caused by the neces sity of submitting the case to the consideration of li grand jury-2ild. The chance of escaping.f cony lion from the want of proper conduct of the case for the prosecution-3ra. production of false evidence for the prisoner at the trial. In remarking upon these Sergeant Adams says, "Assuming these to be amongst the causes of the increase of crime—and I doubt whether they are so to any serious extent—are the legitimate causes for the establishment of summary tribunals in any part of the kingdom, and, least of all, in the metroon titan district, w h ere , f rom the freTiency of gaol k d liveries (36 annually,) the first evil hey and the second and third, f,.,,.- trifling nature of tire cases , old tribunals, can only exist assuming them to exist, superintendence and conduct of the case for the pro secution is, at least, as likely to happen before a sum mary as beim e a more. deliberate tribunal. And, with respect to the production of false evidence, although it may be true that, in some rare instances, acquittal. are obtained by Atbbricated test barony, does it therefore fol low that prisoners are to be shut out from the produc tion of true evidence, and our courts of criminal juris prudence converted into courts of pied poudre ? if it, is assumed by the committee that p,,lice magistrates con vict upon cases impnrrectiy prepared, or that prisoners have fewer facilities :if brioging forward their evide before summary before than eno , titutional tr " (and without such an assumption, howe. their arguments have no force they should, upo.. acknowledged principles of jurisprudence, have re commended the abolition and not the extension of .such tribunals." Most assuredly the sergeant is right. The very view which the committee gave of the work ing of summary tribunals, so as to ensure the des patch of business, by excluding the mourn; of arriving at a correct decision, is a group not the extension, of tour is of sin As to the at .., ,, turient upon which the coon pears to lay most stress, anti whit.' tices now exercise indirectly thos, want parliament to grant to them ti think it worthy of notice, although Ser takes some pains to fact is the practice of bending tire gistrates to obtain indirectly a ir,risdiction allowed by law is a practice which can and ought to be checked. If the power can be shown to be r- . the ends of justice titan trial by to be so by other argon-- of the Sergeant rref.,t in tilf adence existence ination ? But, how its want of proper unjust, I for the ry jurisdiction is that police jus powieN which they "re . ezh-, \V do 11,,t ICi (1 JI eIW,SS tii3a al TB'lQf7, only amounts to a fraud upon the law. If it cannot bi shown to be better for the ends of justice titan trial 1p jury, or at least as good, it should not he allowed all, either directly or indirectly. Along with the abolition of trial by jury tote ox tent which we have stated, the committee ask of .1f; legislature, without embodying it in their recom!nen dation, to have the power of summary it extended from three to twelve mouths, party an appeal to the qtt Upon this extraordinry proF.ositi served by the learned chairman of the sessions, that "the power oftmprisonmen calendar months, accompanied by hard labour, barring the offender during that period - of the privi lege of speech, is a tremendous power to he lodged in the hands of any individual upon his own mere will and motion, and I doubt whether the public -mind is yet prepared for this adrance in arbitrary porier, or whether the police magistrate; wenld covet its -po:ses sion." We will take upon us to say that' the public mind is not yet prepared for this advance in arbitrary power, to the deprivation, upon individual judgment or caprice, of an Englishtmn's lirty fora term four fold . . exceeding that for it is rigii'dv ob liddle~E r :weive nfid de- e magistrate can commit a subject of the British crown at present though the public mind is not ret prepared 10' stride towards the establishment of petty Ins: the police courts of England, there is great reason to fear that if " liberalism" can " progress" for a few years longer, as it has done of late under the auspice of a wing government, arbitrary power will be er bled to inflict such deadly injuries upon the.. of the rights and liberties of Englishmen, that thenla, where the constitution stood will only be marked out by its ruins. SUGh a ism in Lifeguards It was formerly the proud boast of Englishmen that not only was trial by jury, in the hands of the people, a bulwark against tyranny, preiudice,. and oppression, but the judges, 1i hose duty it is to expound the law to juries, were themsel►es independent of the crown and people. Here, independently of the primary proceed ing before the grand inquest on the trial, is a double barrier to protect the interests of justice from the in fluence of.unjnst power, passion,prejudice, or revenge, in the provisions of law which secure the fearless integrity of judges, and the impartial selection of juries. But Mr. Benjamin Hawes and his "liberal" colleagues on the metropolitan police committee, would reform all that. They would have, in place of twelve probi et legates homine.v, a single police justice—they would have, instead of judges independent of the crown and people—or a bench of sessional magistrates independent in their fortunes, and acting through the intervention of a jury also—a single police justice intrusted with the fearful power of savinN upon his own individual judgment, whether a lititisil\subject was to be pronounced a felon, and subjected toNlthe ignominy, forfeiture of goods, and pains and penalties Of that civil death! We hare more to say upon the iecommenclations of this metropolitan police committee, but, this is enough for the present, LIVERPOOL PRICES CURRENT .eal, Pot 29 Dut -S5 0 ; 0 18 0 -U 0 F 9 5 9 15 imoL.s s. s d. Trin )nd 5 0 3 0 I Demerara Bar. S.: An Nomim (i - in C-145 0 143 good & line ord.o') 0— , -108 0 .100 0 --110 .1;0 0 -101 0 U 0 cept when mentioned in bond.) s. d. s. d. 52 0 —CO 0 36 0 —5O u 20 0 —3l 0 8 0 —lB 0 0--i) u 44 4; -15 0 -; 0 0 -i ,!...26 0 7 -97 0 Lin. 28 0 --t2.9 0 wt. 19 0 —l4 U £.) 0-56 6 ..51 10 0 ...52 0 -5! 10 ..51 0 -3;; 0 -.11 0 -41 5 .4 0 -35 C 29 II 3 -4. cict _37 0 —3B C i~oniinal do stA CLOVER-SE} American Fr6tteh & Germ. 3 Grenada 1.43 n 1, .;Arn.ll. Oxln,1( goof Do. Salt( Rio, (IT de,.. , 13 W. Ini Myr SE !CAI 7 0- r,—r; sj Youn7, 5 G 9 j ITnperhl •± 0-5 9i -6 0 TOBACCO 110-4 r) 10-1 9 n.. I I -4 9, ver, Li.a: 0 fi —• I'l Stelz 0 8 1 1 0 S 1 1 ) 0 -12 ;113 0 —l9 la .11 It) —l4 sa -4 I 0 WAN., iirES'. 47 cwt. in.howl. — 4 ' ) •0.; icau last India 9 0 —lO 0 ) 9 0 —lO 0 OE O Al;11 ON TrIF..IST OV (Fit..).q. //to Uni:Ll Jt,ttrila(.) ',Vlv:re two plaecs are merti,neil, thr last named is thiltat 'which the cr4ot of the regiment is stati,me:l.] Is t Life- Guarli .2d—ilyde l'ar 40th Fo• : C:lyttl; ara ; ..(314thara Chatham Deronport ii . -Vo - ii a.; Jerse diribur;.ol Dra4oonsCork ! s•;th—N. S Walis; Chathan . I 51st—V. I,nd ; •Chatham SV.T.—W. Indies; Newcastle i—Marin -;;s—Canadit ; Covtr: is; Chatham ; Ch, tham ;,!ca:; K ; Ch IGth3ars -11th light Dr fio ton )ne—Cantrhry. . 159Lh—': ,ii _ l4th Lane, i:: rs—ri2htcli. 16:4.h (Ist 1),...ttn.,—1ut „ lian Isles 13th -Licibt Dragooi)s--2.1a,ir.,:5 I_ . i)ublin lath-13ir:ning,hatn C, , 7_,1. , ~. _Ton. 14,s ;Portsmth 1; - )tii hussars-61 aige,•,v 61 , : - - c...-1,1 ; Cionmel Vt.h Lowors-- T 3eng ,l l 1 1;•? , 1-7'.T.,.. - dras; Ch:tthani . . 17 t h—Dublin ' ':' . -- ladras ; Chatham. Cron:1(11er Guar , 7V,lsthatt.) St". , ,: i.',—.T:imaiea ; L,uncionderry Johit's Wood i 67,--.—..A.raerica Batt. Ch terford Nena gh leitt.)---Weliington Bar. (3. Hope; Paisley Ist (Ist batt.)—Edinburgh I 73,i—Canarla ; Clare Caste 21 matt.)—Canada; Devf;npert 7 1 .th—West Indies; Ahunipen 2tl Fo9t-130rn1 , -)y ; Cliatharn ; Pov to :3(l—B,•ngal; Chatham 74th—West Indies; Drogheda 1•11-11,:ras • CFl2tha . nl • 7tl• 1.• • Galway v : Chat] 89th—N, 81st—C;i ;Vries; Chatham ;:tr; Chester Castle Gur‘rnry —Gibralt:lr ; Slavvraeis Ifll . ,—'l'mplenao're 1 83(1—Cannila; Ifkill . . llth—Arrierivit ; Chatham' -• • . 81111 , —Portsmoutl, . . . 1:•:tlt-- . Illattrititts ; Troloe • . .Bsth—Caunc:a ; •I'lymonth 13th—lientutt ; Chatham . 86th—Stochport 14 th— West adios :. arecon i rqth—niuritiwi ; CnFtlobar, 13th—Canada; Plymouth I, fO3th. —Nitro-, lin—Bel:gni; Cliatllam, , • 1 . Mth—West Irulios ; Gogp,irt 17th—P9lhay • Chatham !- gOlh—Coylon ; Portsmouth • l Sth—C'eylon ; 'Portioccuth 1 91 st--St Helena ; Dundoe 19th—Kiik emly . - . Otd —Malta ; Lirnerlek 2(1.11,--7 , 1anclier i 93(1--A ine, lea ; PuZtevntt 2.lq—V. Diorn.ln's L(.1; Chatham l'Alha—Col.k rtl!-1 !2fith—ltenfial; Chatham ' 93th—A thlone - 2":til—C. of G. Ito:), ; Doerr Rifle Briga.le (Ist hatt)—Tower :Bth—N.S. Wal,,, ; Chatham I 120, hntt.—:_wi-,,,i w i c i, 22ntil-I'lyrnotith i Royal Staff fl'orl.)—lTythe :'.l;ll—Permorla ; Sumi,rlan,l ! Ist W. In Rogt —St. I.tlcia. rze. 31,t—Rer , a1; Chntharn 2,1—'.%1. I'rovi,lpnee & liondoras 32;1—CannfIn ; Ft . nro - .7 ; C,71,,n RiP.,o Reaimont—rov!on :„I,!—Gliraltar ; Cransie : Cape , 'Hounted Eillerne.n —Cape 341'11—C1,r:1th ; Form, , y _ - of G; - ,011 Hope sth—Maori Stirling ' Royal Afri..an ("! 0 1,,, Skrra 'or!: f 'Royal Nan i<l. IC2w found, Or(lerci li;in, ?()R.:l cF LIVERPOOL ttie ti lint L , .1 to, Ike .. Foreizn .z. A 04', 3. T.; 9 121:. 1:3 eon. 4.7 is flerman y llnlland , e-sey Mecliterrau,an Portnal Prussia Russia...... Sweden & Norway.y * 0 Spqin South America 23 united Statps - Wpst Indies I reknd. Coastwise 1853 1223 :1015 0 1!10 :9-47 .1245 18 85t; V 23 135 , J31 - 03. -1(58.2.8 1095. 1.52759 Vesselsand tonnage e,rdered the port (f Liverpool „for the months ending 2411, Oct. P;:i7 1135—Liverpool llns vessels, 15 . 17,9 tons. Runcorn llB 1214 vessels, h - :88513 tons. 1837—Lverporil 1145 vessels, 1711 Ruricern 1297 vessels, 178231 tons* Livorpool Runcorn 1 vessels 045 I) ecreasp, . 83 ressAs 19373 tons, LI V i.ill'ool, lei 11,MA ICY IZEPOIn. Nov. 10, 183 S DT,;Cifiro72l). I A DMITTPD. In-patients cured Reitered and at own request 11 Out-patielits Made Out-patients Irregular Dead - 2lO Consulting Surgeons, Mr. Forshaw and Mr. PawFmn. House Visitors—!llr. It. Glolstone and Mr. It. C. Dawson. luviain, the net,. It. Davies.—House Surgeon, Mr.Nottin,..;harn LOCK HOSPITAL. D4eliarged I Admitted.. In the Hospital a. HOSPITAL WEEKLY 'REPO': For the week ending Nor. 10, 1838, PATIENTS ADMITTED. PATIENTS DISCIIARGED. Accidents without rec tum . ; Cured; mendation . Medical and Surzical cas es llrregular n i ;c n recommendation .... 8; Died 0 Remaining in the 'Hospital. 65 Housu Ttgitefr, 13. H. Juries, .and.Samue 1 Lacon, Esq,s, Chaplain, Rev. 11. S. Joseph.—Treasurer, Donations and Subscriptions received by itlessrs. Arthur Hey wood, Sons, and Co., and at all the Liverpool 0I L, Olive, af Portlml, &e Levant .... °nun, dress. ii bond 1, ord. do. Id 6 —l6 17 I) —l9 mid. to fine African .... s. 411— D 15 - 7 6 -12 2 0 -13 1 0 -11 8 6 -9 8 0 - 9 - ,o o IC, qr act N 4p• doz, Chinchiiii, do.. xuwat Dist. 48 0 —si t 0 —5: non 20 0 ti U --! :9 0 ....17 C:trolina it 69 0 0 S; Tea, rlf . It 6 ! /In wa i Fokein 1 0 9 ; Congott, corn -... 1 "i 13 : mid. to tine. 1 Cainpci ic, Oran P'hur,lll., 1:.(1 55 9 —57 Co Odossa 53 (i —57 6, A re!ia 55 0 —5) (. iltlenos Ayres 52 0 —55 a. .. .z 73r - 0 - 0-22 0 .e 7.70 0 --NI C an ..41 41 IJ-4d 0 41 0 —ll 0 11 0 - . It 2-0 4! CHESTER AND CREWE RAILWAY (From the Chester Gazette.) The annual meeting of the Directors of this Company was held at the I{oval. Hotel, in this city, yesterday. The ch'airman, J. Uniacke, Esq., was unable to attend in conse quence of indisposition, and Win. Wardell, Esq. was called to the chair. Among the ff:P ntlemen present we observed E. D. Davenport, Esq., of Calvclev, Thomas Dixon; Esq., Capt. Cleminson, Win. Cross, Esq., Thos. Sutli . otth, ESq., E. White, Esq., J. Rogers, Esq., Rev. James Folliot, ➢lr. Thos. - Frost:Mr. Whittinghatn, &c. &c. Mr. Wardell, in opening; the business nf the meeting, said he deeply regretted the absence of their esteemed chairman Ile observed to it he seas glad to meet all present under such favourable c s iTctii-i7TaliTet — Eliery friincr Mime - met uith the progress of the line was truly encouraging, as they would see from the statements which would be relit! ; and if ant• gentle man present wished any further information, he would ►nos •gladly communicate all in his power ILK sail, Esq., cle:k of the company, read the follow ing report, which is so important that we give it at ful lellgth RI POI:T. The Directors have great sattsfaction in meeting the prc e:ors on this occasion, both on account of the estimation underi.aking is now justly held in hy the public, and also to the satisfactory progress of the works, which will be n by a reference to the report of the engineer. The two :taut contracts, viz. the Waverton and the Crewe, taken by Mr. Brasses, whose works on other lines satisfaction. The r2maining contracts contain light mai:. only, and will e advertised early next year; and the Direct,rs calculate t the Lue ~viii be completed by the first of March, 18-1(}. In the purchase of land f,,r the undertaking, the Directors crl on all occasions to come to an amicable in a feu , they have had recourse to the and the result has proved the necessity of The Directors have purchased a field adiniealily situate(' ' the Station and Workshops, and the building or the lat. • be comiaencod inkulodiately. ctors have now in their employment a number of a constracting'iCar:iages, Sze., limier the direction of a cuaChinaher who has been ten years in the employ of the I, Manchester and Liverpool Compaov, and who . gives them ' entire satisfaction, The requisite number of Engines are or-- -I deied and being made for tine use of the company. The Directors lucre considered that it would be highly ' advantageous to the company to extend the fine to the river Dee; and tor this purl-use the requisite l'otiLe will be • iveu for an application• to •Parliament to male such ex , ten,:ion. Tae e Directors think that they cre justified in assertini : the present pysition and ;attire pro.,pecis of the Chester and Uun‘e tialiway Company, are •.ocii as to give the pro. prietors and the public the finlest confidence in the bucce:4l I oi:the uwlectalitng. The Di: ectors cannot conclude their repoil, without refer ence to the company which has been formed for the extension of the Crewe Railway to the Potteries, by a junction With the Manchestei and BirMinghain Railway at the ilarecastle Tt:nuel. Tl - 11; they have reason to believe, is the best line that could have been formed in this directihn, as the Hare caste Tunnel pihVe - s the rising ground which they believe would be, a serious objection to the formation of any other line. This undertaking has received the warm and unanimous co-operation of the bankers, manufacturers, and others, iu terested in the trade of the Potteriei. Two surveys have been made by the company's engineer, Mr. Stephenson— one before the company was formed, and one within a very shun peliod. In adopting the first line it was thought judi chat; to include blanches to two coal fields laying several wiles wide of the line. It was considered that these branches (which would have consisted of only a pair of rails) would have amply repaid the expense of constructing them; it was fur this reason that the estimate given in the prospectus was %.er . amount than would have been toe Further consideration has led to another survey; and by that Mr. Stephenson has selected another line, time estimate for which, including a branch to the Grand Junction Ii Its £1 10.' taken f;,:• a much I amour, It might, perhaps, have been better that an explanation, - the reason that so large an estimatii was required, had accompanied the prospectus. The Directors think it unnecessary to point out to the Shareholders the great importance this natural extension of their line will be to the Chester . and Crewe Rail Way. shewing The Directors have the satisfaction to say, that they have ;owl grounds for !miring that line of Railway will be adopted rum Chester to Holyhead, a measure so imperiously called lip. to facilitate the iniercorin;ebetwe , it l ctgland and irel,n4. Several infittential Landov.ners in North Wales have taken up the matter warnily, acid will meet with the active co-ope ration of the inhabitauts of Chester and the lli:ecters of this The accounts-of the CornFanyto :the `29th September are placed on the table ' fur the inspection of the Shareholders,, aild will he pubiilied with this report if approved atid adopted. J. U. 1.1 I ACKE Chairman: The rePert Alorr.iy Gladxtone,E,gy, the actinv.en , ineer, ivas next real. Vie make the following extract t Gtn i; IThe, We vuttou Contract, let to Alr. Thotwts Evils:4,y, al 1:563W, embraces a distaixe of si..x tales and four-fi!'ih,: it comprises 302.,5t10 cube yards or excavation, an aquAuet, three turnpike into bridge f:, three_pubhe road bridg . anci seven occupation road Oticl,tes. The Buil - Airy Contract is live miles and 3;) chains, and ,includes 260,0 W yards of earth work, one turnpike road bridge, four public road bridges, and one bridge crossinir the canal. The length .)f t 6. Wardle Con t ract is [Our mi:es 61 chains : it contains 204,600 yards of ex cavation, one trtrt pike; and three public road iii-idgcs, awl one bridge over die Midillewich Branch Canal. The Crewe Quilt tact, let to. M.i• T.Biassey,.at :036,973, is four miles two chains long, requires 292,50.0 cline yar:ls of eartli.tu be mi;ved, one turnpike and three public road bridges, fyur pectiplition . road bridr,Tes,•apit one bridge+,vec the river iv eaver. in the coach-builain: trtment !I , utmost activity is sh,wn, and several b4:lic - carriages :ire in hawi. Mr. the Con.;;:tnv, re;tdit state ment of the ac• , •unts, fn>ol which it appears that the receipts and :as of the company, up to •i'.:ept. 29, 18338, were— CE IPTS untysceived on account of calls ... £31,240 0 0 "share'. ers ;Ind bankers • £233 9 8 on, 4g. ..t2.9 5 11 iLess Coaitu 204 3 9 Parliamentary'3 zigents' counsel , Parliantentary.fees, witnegses, Solicitors obtaining PAYMENTS £31,444 3 9 :C2559 16 11 1221 7 0 .2028 8 6 1239 8 0 225 10 5 559 10 0 554 8 6 20 14 9 95 9 .0 74-12 19 , 0 146 11 • 5 212 6 7 41 12 -1 the knii Surveying st,o,ionery, adv,rtising• Travelling expeost.s, deputations Rent Coach buildin;.; Petty cash, cartiag, i;,::cels, postage, &c Cash in banker's hauls . • 16,3-18 2 5 15,M6 1 4 £31,444 3 9 Mr. White moved the adoption of tine report, and that it be printed. E. D. Davenport, Esq., asked what were the gradients ,)etwecn Crew aid the Manchester and Birmingham Rail . vay? Att. Glad tone r.l;lied, th.ey,were about one.in two bun drectfor the g! ,, r art or the distance, and-oba in a hundred .nearer the . j::1• ,s: d't he i'.lanchcster and Birmingham. whetter the dOLplty cuutd be over- come . • . I thoreWlF, no' difficulty—the line was an e% e.. • N touch worse inclinations ititilw..ky, wltich paid seven per Mr. Wei - dell obse.rved that he thought it devolved upon hint - teintotioe:alfeir woopet:ls. The, litie,front Crpwe Harecasde would open to them , 411 , Y-teusive Geld of corn mereial in!ei course in the great.niauufacturing districts Of he Potteries and elsewhere; and this project has received the sanction and suimort of the must influential individuals in Stailord,iiity, and in the district throm;ll which it passed. The contemplated short, line (not a.nitle in length) from the COMpany's station through the city to the :iver, was of east importance, especially in the inhabitants of Chester, as it would commercial prosperit) of the city, as vessels Could. fliiiclarge-ths:ir lading, which might .then immediafely on waggons, aunt :it Once proceed to their clestination. A mdher project which the directors bore in nniuit was the formation of a Railway from Chaste through Nort n Wales, to. Holyhead;—thus at once making this city the medium of transit oetween Engtand and Ireland ~ vhich goods and Passengers from. 13u•- in Manebt , :ter, and all the mercantile districts, would tithe Sister Kingdom: 'From . thisltetnonstratious made invotif!„-" atil3%ing.'nr, itml.by.the ninst in !.l • in"Neirtli•Wat /ales, it ,w as nuts: probable, rffiaot,?, -- ia't•d• , :lieiMinediately. taken Alp ; and the lineightibid:tiags - close by the Great ,;:E 7 In. conekri,in, 'init-1 , 14(;'1lit:0::tor of fire-. Chester and . iliOnat merely paid attention • , the public; and he • if44;on. which had •1 ir,4.! • • SPCR G IN/FBLLIGEACE. MANCHESTER-TuE,DAv EVENING. Dent3Y.---The leading favourites mainnlin pretty urinlY their p o si:i4th ~ T laere are takers of any thing - above lil to 1 on Lorfli-Jersey's- colt : That figure was, however, offered to-day. I.Vestobiati has been backed for a trifle at 16 to 1, and „Lord Lichfield's colt bY Sir Hercules, out of Inare,.at 25 to 1. 'There has been an inquiry after Flam beau within site last. lay or two, but parties do not seem dis posed to lay the odds-18 to 1. It 'would 'appear that they billow suit with tine-Newmarket gentry; and book him the finest horse there. S , , indeed, in his day was Prince Paul ; but he did not Win the Derby Stakes. Ilderiut, by Emithis or Ishmael, Out of Filagree, seems, since Saturday, to have been more fancied than auy other. About a rouleau has been laid out is pretty good quarters at 20 to 1; Mr. Allen's (of Mahon) br e Fitzatubo, by The Saddler or Tramp, goes to Mr. 'Mars.on's stables - at Newmarket; like many others, he now bears a high nine tor size, point, &c.; he seems to be barked more freely at Tattersall's, which may fetch him up hem to 2i to 1. Algiers' and Acceleratorare within two points or so of the seine figure. Epidaurus (backed in the Heaton Park Races at 22 to 1) is Offered agaitist freely at 25 to 1, take five points More. We'd ° not hear Bloomsbury named, and severol others at' present - lack friends. This, • however, may be expected, as even the - Londoners 'are not always disposed to cue out. TATTERS/aUS-MoNnAy TfIE DERRY.—The betting to,day is confined to a small number of the thirty to one class; 'Pros, Accelerator, Zim merman. and Fitzarnbo ' being the chos e n four; they were backed freely. Sir G. Lleatheote's lot is still in favour, an,l a small sum was laid out on Bulwark ; but the - buSiness ge nerally was neither heavy nor important. • THE DERBY 10 to 1 against Lord Jersey's Brother to BayAliddleton. is to I„ Duke of Rutland's Flambeau. 25 to 1 „ Duke of Richmond's Bulwark. 330 2 1 5 ) tt t to o 1 1 1 ~,,,, s t Colonel Anson'a iyio . inr it a c ll, ( ,er t r alc u(l : taka n.) . ) ()I it 30 to 1 A Wrefurd's (tk.) 32 to 1 rn Lord Albearte' s - Tros (Ik.) : 4 -33 t( „ 1‘ 11r.. 1 1 17 Alien? 3 l \ ' 3l i, (tk.) i I z'' (tk.)t oto .) 14 to 1 against Y.r:ri-( r m-bragh an d A ccelerator (tk ; ) 30 t o 1 against Erin-g•o-!,ragf, and the sa me o dd s against Epidau rus, laid 11l fifties in one but: • .• • ~a:a~-~.,.. . . It rroolJ see m That the •patrot)e . fatuity of Hutt are not rut against_the temptations of office. The brother of our ' t a h n a d t * lsl : o lce' i : n r e l . Lli s lv etv be cai h t a ie s 'Avnettiy Refighbußrflf qi.bsilpwas,,af,eve months tat), instilled .I G )e o; n e . r d o u or bb o e f d \V „ e v s i t c e e r . n aa l l u ir 's a ir r a,Ti o ai. lournal, Id 1 6 . 1 8— 1 1 - a. 1 4 1 .. 1 9 3 rdr. 11'3 117,55' 11?4) 21 1 ;9 4242 1110 39 - 27 8511 3070 92917 have I) have DREADFUL MURDER AND ROBBERY AT HOR WICH, NEAR BOLTON. On Friday last, between twelve and one o'clock, one of the most atrocious murders known in this neighbourhood for some time past was committed upon the highway leading across the moors from Horwich to Belmont, at a very dreary spot, about half a mile from a place called Five Housei, about two miles and a half from Horwich, and nearly the samedistance from Belmont. The unfortunate victim was a travelling Scotchinau, named George. Henderson, a young man, 20 years of age, and a native of Annan. He had beep in England about five months, and was in the service of Mr. John Jardine, of Blackburn, as an apprentice. On Friday last, Benjainin Burrell, another young Scotchman, in.the service otThir. John Foster, of Blackburn, having to pass overthe same dreary waste of country, agreed with the de ceased to meet bins nn the road, and afterwards to dine with him at Belmont. Mr. Burrell arrived at the Five Houses at ten o'clock, and waited at Mr. James Garbutt's, a beet seller and owner of a colliery in the neighbourhood, about an hour 'and a half; but as Henderson did not arrive during that 'time, Burrell desired Mrs. Garbutt- to tell him to make haste, 'and that he, Burrell. would wait for him at dinner. About twelve o'clock, the deceased arrived at Garbutt's; and hay ing received information that Burrell was gone forward, be immediately loft the house, and walked on at a good speed. In about a quarter of an hour afterwards; a boy who had been taking his father's dinner to a colliery near, hearing 'some one groan, looked into the ditch by the road side, and found poor Henderson lying shot through .the head with his pack under him. The boy screamed, and a young woman who was on the road screamed also. They then ran to the coat-pit, which is only about 300 yards from•t he spot, and in formed the hanksman, who immediately came to the assist ance of the wounded man. The banksman souk him by the band, and said, " I think you are hurt, sir." The deceased said, "I am robbed, Jamie, and I should have sent a parcel off on Monday." He did not utter a sensible expression afterwards. 'He had a companion called Jamie; and, being delirious at the time, was probably alluding to him. On re moving the deceased, it was found that several slugs or shot had entered below his right ear, and had passed through his head, removing the left eye entirely. The right eye also lay upon his cheek. His pockets were turned inside out, and the only money found upon him was Is. Ild. in copper in one of his , waiccoat pokets. He was immediately removed to Garbutt's, who, on hearing the tragical intelligence, got all the workpeopie out of the. Fits, dressed and unpressed, just as they were:. and the Moors were scoured in all directions. Four men were taken, but of three there was not the slight est suspicion. The other, Roger Horrocks,.owe of the Bol ton watch, was found in a "turf cess " with agun at his side, certainly a very suspicious' circumstance; but he was gene rally believed so be innocent. Immediate inquiries were made at the instance of Mr - . WrigliCand Peter Ainswurtb, Esq. M.P., and from tiarious• circumstances which came to Lot, it was deemed necessary to apprehend James Whittle, a young man, 22 years of age, who resides next door to Mr. Garbutt, and is employed as a collier at Mr. Ainsworth's pits in Halliwell., Mr. Garbutt had immediately sent off a man on horseback, to Belmont, for Mr. Burrell, who on his return stated,-tnat when he arrived at nearly the same.spot as were the event had taken place, a tall, .white-looking young assay, dressed in blue clothes, with a gun in his hand, carne up to bins and said, " Is there any game about here ?" NE: - Burrell replied, .".1 believe there. is. The man then said to hint " If you will go with use a bit, you shall have the first that I kill." Mr. Burrell told him he had business to attend to, and that he was bound to proceed on his journey. He then walked on a few yards, and, on turning round to look at the man, found him with his gun levelled as if to =shoot him, Burrell immediately asked the man what be was about ; upon which be lowered his gun, and pretended to have been aiming at .some birds, Burrell then proceeded, but he kept his eye upon the man as he went along. When this was related, suspicion immediately fell upon Whittle, who was exactly the sort of person described, both in dress and appearance. Whittle had been seen by several persons with a gun on the moors that morning; and it was found that he had borrowed the gun from Mr. Lambert, at Hor wich, on Thursday morning, and had returned it about half past one, on the day of the murder. He was also seen op posite Mr. Garbutt's house, without a gun, at the time the alarm was given, and made off without rendering any assist ance, and did no: return home till night. lie has also led a dissolute life of late. RADICAL DEMONSTRATION AT OLDHAM. ( From the Manchester Guardian.) The ultra-radicals of Oldham met on Thursday evening last, on the vacant land called Curzon Ground, in, the liar of the Albion. Inn, High-street, by torch light, for the purpose (according to the announcement of some individuals styling themselves "the borough political council") of adopting . " the people's charter, the Birmingham national petition, and to elect a delegate for Oldham, to attend the national. Convention." At eight o'clock, the hour fixed for the meet ing, about a score of people were on the ground, and two carts had been procured for the speakers. Shortly after wards, a number of young fellows, approaching with burning torches, crowds of boys and young- women from the factories' were drawn to the'spot. A few bands of music, followed by political union and electioneering fla g s, formed additional sources of attraction to the j uven il es . The'audience did not exceed, at any period of- the proceedings, 25000 or 3000. A working man from- Royton, named William Taylor, was called to the chair. • The first resolution, approving of the people's charter, was moved liy Air. William Fitton, surgeon, or Roytoo ; and se -cOnded by Mr. Alexander Taylor, provision dealer, of Old ham, whose speech chiefly rela:ed to men whom he called land sharks, who bad made enormous profits by the lato high prices of flour: a most appropriate subject of comment fur a flour dealer. 'Mr. H. B. Cobbett made a great parade as to . the numbers assembled, declaring it to be the largest local sleeting that had beet► helti.on the subject. Mr. James liollady, millwright of Oldbam, proposed the adoption of the Birmingham national petition, in an address respecting the evils 'of capital, whe❑ applied to, diminish the Nalte of labour. . . . . , Mr..l. L. Quarmby, schoolmaster, seconded the motion, in a wild philippic against tories and whigs. Mr. B. J. Richardson, of Manchester, trusted, that if they did nut obtai❑ their objects i❑ twelve -mouths, they would tell the-tyrants, with some different kind of weapon than torches, that they-would be free. . . A boisterous shout served to intimate the approach of those favourites of the physical force radical, O'Connor and Ste phens. Al r. O'Connor gave nearly a repetition of his speech. at Rochdale, announcing they would not wait much more than a year for universal suffrage; and spoke of annihilation, de struction, suns, &C. Mr. Stephens acquitted himself in his usual style, address ing his hearers as the men of a. hundred hamlets. The fol lowing are specimens of some-of his language ;—". Our ene mies say it is the divine will that men should be miserable ; if so, the labouring classes have had a sufficient . period of misery; and it is time the other side have their share of .mi- - servots it is the will of God that all classes be uliserable. You must go to work, then, and make the poor-law commis sioners, the landlords, and the mill owners miserable ; snd how are they to be made so? Why, by burning down , their mills, blowing out their brains; pulling down.the hostiles. I things;never b u t th e new li g hts, :as Cob dd st'ittreunti:i have d e e s r e : declared it to be God's will that men be miserable,-and it is therefore your duty. in attending to the divine injo netion, to render them so. , Take "our torcheS front this meeting, and carry therawhere ? why, to the mills—to• the Royal George's—to the weaving cellars—to the cut chambers --•-to the counting-houses—aye, to the mill owners themselves, and show them that you are really an enlightened people—(laughter)—detcrunned to throw light on the s u bject of your rights." The mass of the meeting did not appear to approve of Stephen's violent ex pressions. Mr. James Taylor, of Rochdale. delivered .a- few 'wards, observing, that the whigs said their scheme of -a_ nalionat convention was visionar.v ; but they would find it otherwise. As far as related to.himselc. it would be something M or e th an nonsence. ..._....._..... . A man of the name of Degan, from Sta!eybridge, uttered an incirement•to arm 4, and spoke of destruction to tyrants, and death to those whom he termed enemies of the neople. ' 'File crowd separated ai!out.eleven o'clock, alter i'ving , a round of cheers for Mr. Ftelden, M.l ) , g . . NOMINATION. 9p,.SHERIFF-S. • • , • On Monday, according to. ancient c,ustorn;a council:was, held in the Court of Exchequer, fur the' iNtoSe Otiioinina ting sheriffs for the ensu iug .y.ear. -There :Were ofe•senti the Chancellor of the. Exchequer., the Marqufs of LansdoWne, Lord holland, the Lord, Chancellor, Lord Denman, Lord Abinger, the Lord Chief Justice Tindal, and the judges ,of all lie courts of laW. The following gentlemen, amongst others, were nominated for sheriffs:— • CHESHInE.—Thowas Ilebbert, of. Buttes, Esq,.; Charles Lawton; of Lawton,. Esq.; and John Tollemache, T.iistons Lodge, Esq. DEntrysninE.—Bronghton Benj am i n S teade Pegg :Burl' nell, of Beauchier Abbey, Esq.; - Edward Degee SidyBell, of Stainsby,,Esq.; and Wiliianw John Bagshaw i of the Oaks; Esq. SiiROPSHIRE. - Sir Andrew Vincent Corbet, of Acton Itc}nottl. Bai t. ; ThomiksEyton,,Of ES . ton, Esq.; and iixougbtou, of Tunstall, Esq. .‘ y STAFFORDSHME.—WiIIiam Moore. Wychdon Lodge, Esq. ; Edmund Wigan, of Ltipl e , EEq.;..thd Henry Johti Yee ; of Clifton Esq. . • , Yirom -- im.--:Charies Tempest, Of B E r oug ht qn ,, s q. Robert Miloos, of liawtrey, Esq.; and. Sir cbfford Gortsia We, or. Barten•Gonstable, Esq. , YANKLE tjekronly insinuation," as the lady said (From..the Daily 5, " We must live and learn," as the old gentleman said yen to ‘ ;:e l iC,:er a , n ye u n ng h e e 9 a'sked her how old she vos. be was told that the world was coming to an end. " Yon fill me with feelings of the most profound astonish ment," as the editor said to the letter, ven he opened it, and found enclosed the money for von year's subscription to his paper in advance. Flow. To CATCH A PICKPOCKET.—Theynab pickpoetkspttrsing• m Boston by taking an:. e pty pocket-book, pa ss i ng i string round it, and fastening one end to the pocket, and allowing; the rogues to nibble. They soon make a desperate plunge, and are regularly caught.—New York Mirror. FALL OF ARCHES ON THE, MANCHESTER AND LEEDS RAILWAY, AT Thursday morning, an accident, attended with loss of life, happened at Kirkgate, in Wakefield. As a waggon, loaded with rubbish, was passing ovet the line of brick arches adjoining the western end of the viaduct, two of theta gave way with an instantaneous and tremendous crash. Nine men, and a boy (who was driving the horse attached to the waggon) fell with the.ruins, and one ratan, James Williams, was so seriously crushed as to. leave but faint hopes of his recovery. Another man was much -injured,. but there are strung hopes of his speedy recovery. Most of the others were more or less bruised ; the boy escaped unhurt. The horse had its back broken, and it was found necessary to kill it. It is apparent that the adjoining arches have sustained such a shake as to render the utmost caution . necessary in approaching them. We have heard more than one opinion given as to the cause of the accident, but refrain from giving them publicity until after the coroner's inqui sition, before n hich, aka matter of course, the best scientific evidence will be produced.-- Leeds Mercury. • AL3IoN D.—The medicinal properties of the bitter almond are, considerabl e; b u t it s h ou ld b e administered by professional persons only, being a powerful poison when taken in too large a dose. .The kernels of the sweet almond are of considerable use in the arts; the oil obtained front them is used by the draughtsmen in tracing drawings on common letter paper. .It. may be interesting to some of our fair' readers to be informed, that Macassar oil is merely oil of almonds, coloured red with alkanet root; and the nit - less' celebrated Itussia oil is the same, rendered milky by a small quantity of ammonia or potash, and *scented with oil of roses. Gowlard's Lotion, tldk of Roses, Caledonian Cream, Katy dor, &c., are nothing but a solution of oxymunate of ,mercury in almond, emulsion, with a proportion of sugar of lead, or white oxide of bismuth. Perhaps the• inventors of. these Ropular.and fashionable cosmetics are indebted to Pliny for. the first idea, as he states that a decoot ion of the roots of the bitter almond tree suPples the skin, prevOols wrinkles, and gives a fresh, cheerful colour to the countenance. Another very important virtue is ascribed to the flvit of the bitter almond, namely, to p revent o r r elieve intoxication. ;Plutarch ' relatts that Drusus' physician, Whriteaiati.elgreatest Baccha nalian of his age, took at -evey'.Cup , fliiebitter allay the heat and fumes o f the wide, owingsto - Witich he never became iutoxiegeo,—no Or chord, by Q, Argekintas4. . . FATAL ACCIDENT ON THE LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER RAILWAY. NV ISTON, TUESDA Y 1110RNING.—The luggage train which left Liverpool for Manchester last evening, met with an acci dent which terminated fatally to the engineer and fireman, ascending the inclined phine at this place. The train con sisted of forty-three waggons, and was propelled by four en gines, two in front and two behind. The rise of the road is about 1 in 90, and the train at a few minuts past eight o'clock was seen advancing slowly up time hill at a steady pace, when all of a sudden, the Patentee, the first engine, exploded, with a noise resembling the firing of a cannon, the report being heard at Present and other places more than a mile distance. The engine broke away from the rest of the train, and pro ceeded at a flyin,r; pace for 300 or 400 yards along the line : it was sadly shattered, and the tubes destroy - ed. A search was made alter • the engineer and fireman immediately on the train stopping. They had been blown into the fields on both sides attic road, full 40 yards distant. Chat les Warburton, the engineer, was found in a field on the right side of the line, his right leg was broken, and his head dreadfully . crushed. Samuel Jones, the fireman, a lad of 17 years of age, was blown in a quite contrary direction At three o'clock this afternoon, a jury met at the sign of the Engine, public-house, to inquire touching the death of the deceased men. John Heyes, Esq., of Prescot, presiding as Coroner. William Thomas deposed, that he was a watchman in the employ of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway Company. Last night he went on duty rather before his time, and while sitting in his box he heard au explosion, and, running out of his box ; saw the engine flying past him. He had heard the train regularly beating up the hill just before the explosion. On going out, he ran after the engine. It was the Patentee, and had run about 150 yards front the place where the explo sion took place. He found the engine detached from the tender. There were no firemen with it, and the back of the engine (the fire part) was blown away, and one of the tubes hanging out. The tender was attached to the Fury, the se cond engine in the train. The other fireman asked if witness had seen the firemen belonging to the Patentee, and they all went in search of them. The explosion took place just as the Prestot bells were ringing eight o'clock, and it strongly resembled a lire in a coal-pit, or the explosion of a cannon. Witness did not perceive that the roof of the boiler was in jured. The carriage on which it ran was on tire, and the tire was still burning in the engine. Witness had frequently seen the engineers attach weights to the engine, and hold on the lever attached to the valves, so as to preserve their steam up the iodine. He believed the directors of the company do nut permit them to do so, and that they are not aware of the practice. The deceased men were picked up afterwards, one being blown on either side of the railway. Witness had fre quently seen men "weighting" the safety-valve. The Pa tentee engine had been running about two years. Two other engines followed the train. It was dark at the time the ex plosion took place. Mr. Melling, engineer to the company, deposed, that he had seen the Patentee engine since the accident. The end was 6:own out. Witness could not account for the accident. If there had been a scarcity of water, the leaden plug would have melted, and the fire would have been put out. A burst tube would have caused the same effect. The company strongly prohibit the engineers from weighting" the en gines, and would discharge any fireman detected in the act of doing so. They have no right to press on the levers. 'Witness could not state positively whether the Patentee has a safety-valve placed out of the contmol of the engineers. Some of the engines have three safety-valves. The Patentee has run Live years: it belongs to the Manchester end. The boiler was about a quarter of an inch thick, and was calcu lated to bear a pressure of 50Ibs. to the inch. No injury was done to the tender, except the breaking of the drag•link,• which attached it to the engine. It the. deceased men had the steam up at too great a pressure, and then applied pres sure to the. safety-valves, an explosion might be the conse quence. It is more dangerous to apply pressure on the boiler when the engines ascend an inclined plane than on level ground; the steam in the latter case escaping much faster.. Joseph Greenall, the road engineer to the back engine, deposed, that they last night had the assistance of the Lion, a new engine, and consequently they agreed to take forty three waggons up the incline at once,as they had . four engines. The Hercules had previously, by herself, taken up seventeen waggons, and Patentee sixteen. The two hindmost engines had scarcely felt the incline, when the explosion took place. The clothes of the deceased men were torn to pieces, and the trowsers and shoes of one of them separated from the body. Jones lived at Manchester—he was about 18 years of age; and Warburton, who was married, lived there also. Witness had occasionally seen engineers apply weights to the engines, and thinks that there is scarcely an engineer on the line but does so at a pinch. Warburton wished to go up the line with thirty-three waggons only,but the firemen agreeing with witness on the probability of getting the whole train up the incline, they started with forty-three. The jury - returned a verdict of "accidental death," with a deodand of 20s. on the engine.—Flom a Correspondent of the Courier. WESLEYA N METH OD IsT MEETINGS IN MANCHESTER. UNPRECEDENTED LONTRICUTIONS. The commencement of a general movement in this large and zealous body has been made in this town during the pre sent week, with a view to commemorate the centenary of Methodism. • We believe that the establishment of what is termed " itineraneN. iu the preaching of the society, was made in 1739, and that it is intended at the conference next year (July, 1839): •t:+ celebrate the centenary by the founding. of several institutions. and the total liquidation of certain debts on various chapels connected with the society. A con-. siderable number of the preachers and influential laymen of the body, from various parts of the kingdom, came to this town ou the occasion of these oieetings. Amongst the preach ers were Dr. Bunting, 1)r. Hannah, the Rev. Robert New ton, &C. • On.Wednesdav and Thursday, at the meetings in Oldham-street Chapel, alter prayer, cud some statements connected with the proposed intention to celebrate the cen tenary of Methodism in a way worthy of it (.regress, a num . t er of gentlemen cattle forward, and announced donations of huge amounts; for the- carrying' out :of.;the objects proposed. We have been diSappoihted in mak expectation of receiving a full list of names and amounts, and therefore we are only able to mention a feW of - the Most prominent.—Mr. James Wood offered, as his contribution, a thousand guineas; Mr. G. R. Chappell, .a thousand guineas; Mrs. Bealey,- of Rad cliff,', a thousand guineaS; and her sons, Mr Adam Bealey, and Mr. John Bealey, five hundred guineas each ; Mr. James • Heald, of Stockport, a .thousand guineas; Miss Heald (his sister), a thousand guineas; and another sister, five hundred guineas; Mr: Sands, of Liverpool. a thousand guineas; Mr. Farmer, of London (treasurer, we believe, to the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Association); a thousand guineas; Mr. Irving, of Bristol,' a tbuusand guineas ; Mr John Fernley, :five hundred guineas; Mr. James Garstang, five hundred guineas; with many other names for equal as well as for smaller amounts. On Thuraday night, we believe, the ag gregate amount of the contributions was something like twenty-seven thousand three hundred pounds. Yesterday morning it was increased to upwards of £28.000; and at an other meeting held last evening, further amounts were an nounced; so that it is very probable that, before the termi• nation of these meetings, not less than £30,000 will be con tributed towards the objects named in this town alone. It was originally proposed, that, in the whole Wesleyan tom triunity in the united kingdom, the sum of £BO,OOO should be raised, and it was then intensted that that amount should be apportioneidfor various objects, as billows :—For building an edifice for a theological institution, furniture, &e., £35,000; to the chapel loan fund, in order to liquidate dents which have long pressed on some of the chapels, £20,000; for the erection and establishment of a new mission-house in Lon dun, £l5 000; in aid of the two schools connected with the body, at Kingswood and Woodhouse-grove, £5000; to•ptir chase a vessel for islands in the South Seas, £3000; leaving £2OOO for some other purposes connected with the extension of the preaching of the gospel at bonne or abroad. We have said that this was the original intention; but we understand that, sinze the 'manifestation which has characterised the commencementof this revival, many of the leading preachers and others in the society say they would not limit the sum to £BO,OOO, but determine on raising not less than £100,000; and, of course, if this, intention be fulfilled, tine distribution of the vast funds must be made in a somewhat different man ner. The disposal and apportionment of the centenary fund will, of course, be.eonfided to conference.—Manchcsior Guar dian of Saturday. • • • CrIVRNT GARDEN THEATRE.—The gross amount of rent last year . was-£5,890, and the- rent which the proprietors had agi'eed-to , pay, to the Duke of .Bedford was £2,085. The taxes amounted to £791, and the salaries. fur .collecting the 'rent to £250. The watch and firemen cost £7O, and repairs £37. The theatre was- not insured, as the lowest rate at which the insurance eould be effected would be four guineas :•per cent, amounting-to 1;6,000, or more than the proprietors received. Mr. George Robins thought that the landlord would be a lucky man if he could get £lOOO a•vear for the, bare walls. - As a methodist chapel, he thought £2OOO might he secured; that twin , the more Popular speculation. • Mr. Robins; to show how theatrical property bad been depreciated, - stated, that he had been endeavouring in vain to find a tenant for . Mr. Rrahani's theatre, .the St. James's, 4t £2OOO a-year. Ile remembered the time when •Drury Lane was let to Mr. Elliston. for .-E11,20.0.e,-year, while at - . .present - he did not be lieve it realised wore than £lO-00. He thought the rent which Mr. Macready. paid fur Covent Garden (MUST)) too much.• He a:tributed the depreciation of theatrical property to the existence •of seventeen theatres in London, when four would be sufficient. It was proved. that £2202 had been paid last year for repairs of scenery, wardrobe, and decorations. The machinist and decorator of the theatre established the value of - the :properties under his charge at from £84,100 to . £10,000; and the carpenter valued the rest of the heavy scepeu. at from £15,000 to £20,000. He said the ropes in 'the:theatre: wero more than sufficient for a first-rate man-of war, and they required to be renewed every day. The mas ter of the waidroUe proved that the value of the wardrobe, , -the arninryi'irtitir the shoe department, was between £9OOO and £10,00(). Alt the performers, male rind female, with the ex- . ception of Mr. Mameady, were supplied froth - the wardrobe of the theatre. 'FH E Rai r:ttOan MoNopoLY.—We have been assured from a quarter *here we repose confidence, that negociations have been going on, 'on the part of the London and Birmingham Railway, for the purpose of buying up theonly two or three -remaining coaches now running between London and Bir mingham, that - an exclusive monopoly in the conveyance of passengers, parcels. &c., may be iu the hands of the railway company. If the British public be so lost to itself as not to sustain a successful competition.as-a -practical and necessary check to conduct so unwarrantable in a free state, it will truly deserve to be railway-ridden at the mercy of the dictators of this mode of conveyance. We understand it is in the con templation of sortie ~ s pirited individuals to put two of Mr. Stafford's- suspension safety coaches on the road. If this should be the case,' the dictators of our pocket interests,- and of the mode in which we shall travel in our own native coun • try, may find out. their mistake to their own" ultimate loss. We are constantly hearing of the delays and inconveniences to which passengers are subjected, with their persons and luggage, and of the insolence of the underlings, and of the various company's " gendarmie," uninformed as policemen, on any remonstrance for such 'conduct ! —Worcester Journal. —[This is one of a long series of similar absurd paragraphs which some of the midland newspapers have latterly been publishing—possibly, because the directors of the London purl Birmingham Railway have not done so much as they Could wish in the way of "buying up" thent—in other words, have not given them so many advertisements as could have desired. It is as discreditable, however, to the press to invent such absurd statements as it is to any part of the public to believe them. Since the opening of the railway, it is noto rious that the coaches have been running for very little more than half the fare they were previously in the habit of charging. Either, therefore, they had a most lucrative 'trade before, or they must be reduced to a very losing' one now. The latter is the true state of the case; the coach-owners at first attempted to compete with the railway in point of price— a little experience toll them that this was as futile an effort as to match them in point of speed; and one by one the stages have discontinued running, until, we understand, there are now only two left. These travel to London by a route very different from that traversed by the railway; 'and we are told, are almost entirely maintained by intermediate passen gers, whom the railway. would not accommodate. The pro prietors of, these stages, we presume, will keep them on the road so long as they can make them pay : and certainly, the directors of the railway. wilt never attempt to prevent them doing so. As t 0 the intention of " some spirited i n di v id u al s " . to -start fresh coaches, there cannot be the least objection: We venture to pledge ousSelves, that the railway directors will never seek to "buy them up"—whether they may not very speedily run them dawn is another matter. "IP t hi s "should be the case, the dictators of our pocket interests, and "of the.motte in which we shalltravel in our - ria'ive C oun t ry , "may And .out their iiistake, th - eir owt ultimate Mandietto atfard4M! MISCELLANEOUS. The Earl of Sefton has removed to Stoke Farm, near Windsor, where he is attended by Dr. Ch am b ers an d M r . Moore, of Arlington-street, who accompanied him during his recent tour. Lord and Lady Francis Egerton left Worsley Hall on Wednesday week for Bath, fur a short stay. His lordship's object in visiting that city is for the benefit of its waters, having experienced a slight attack of gout. Major-General J. It. Smyth, Lieutenant-Governor of the Scilly Islands, died at St. Mary's, Scilly, on the 2d instant. He was in his 63th year. SAILORS' DREAD of FRlDAT.—Columbus sailed from Spain on Friday, discovered land on Friday, and re-entered the port of Palos on Friday. These curious coincidences should have sufficed, one might think, to dispel the supersti tious dread still so prevalent of commencing a voyage on that ominous day. SATISRN.—M . Decuppie,--witka titeseope of Chaucoix, has with the astronomers of the Roman College, plainly distin guished five rings round Saturn, and counted five satellites; the distances of which from the planet may be represented by 1,2, 4,8, 16-64; so that there is a great interval (per haps to be filled up by fresh observations) between the two last. Roconame FLANNEL MARKET, MONDAY.—We have had another brisk market to-day, and flannels of inferior quality continue to be in g ood demand. Prices for th ose ki n d s o f goods which have been of late so much inquired after, are rather higher. There has not been touch activity in the wool market. hut prices continue firm. STATE oe TRADE.—During the latter part of last week there was an improved demand for yarn, principally, we be lieve, for the East India markets; and the increased prices demanded by the spinners, in consequence of the late advance in cotton, were more readily obtained than previously. Yes terday, however, the appearance of frost (which rendered the closing of the Elbe by no means au improbable event) had some effect in checking the demand for Germans., and the market was more quiet. The demand fur mautaartured goods continues to be good fur this advanced season of the yew.— Manchester Guardian. It being decided that the next general assembly of the British Association is to take place in Birmingham in August next, a preliminary meeting was trek at the public-office on ‘Vednesdav last, the high bailiff iu the chair, at which it was determined that the trooility, gentry, and some of the princi pal inhabitants of the town and neighbourhood, should be invited to unite in forming a council, fur the purpose of making such arrangements as may be considered desirable. The meeting was attended by R. J. Murchison, Esq., one of the general secretaries of the association. TnE IMPoSTOR SwAYNe.—Swayne and his wife, who were remanded till Monday for obtaining five shillings from Mrs. M`Vicar, of Mosley-street, by meana of an order obtained by false pretences from Mrs. Johnson, of Liverpool, were brought up again on Mouday. Mr. M‘Vicar stated, that Mrs. Johnson had been sent fur; but, owing to Mr. John son's illness, she could not leave home. Besides moving the sympathies of Mrs. Johnson in his favour, Swayne, while there, had taken advantage of its being a wet day to borrow an unibt elle from her, whit:h of course he bud not returned. As the case could net be made out without Mrs. Johnson's evidence, the prisoners were discharged.—Manchester Paper. STEAM BOATS.—The following letter has been received by the Lord Provort of Glasgow ?root the Hon Fox Mettle, Under Secretary of State:—" Whitehall, Nuv. 2. 1838:—My Lord,—l ant directed by Lord John Russell to acknowledge the receipt of your lordship's letter of .the 26th of October, forwarding a memorial from the parliamentary trustees for improving the navigation of the river Clyde and enlarging the harbour of Gias g , ; and I am to inform your lordship, that the recent accidents to steatn-boats have been viewed with much concern by Lord John Russell, and he will care fully consider what measures are best calculated to prevent a recurrence of such calamities.—l have the honour to be, my lord, your lordship' obedient servant, "F. M RULE. "" The Lord Provost of Glasgow." MISS ANGELA COUTTS BURDETT AND THE IRISH BAR RISTRIt.—A few weeks have only elapsed since Mr. Dunn, the Irish barrister, rendered himself the ridicule of Harrow gate, by his indiscreet annoyance to Miss Coutts Burdett, at that fashionable watering place, and which ultimately led to his being taken into custody, arid bound over to keep the peace. Miss Coutts Burdettreturned to town immediately after the above proceedings, hut had not long enjoyed the quiet of the metropolis before her persecutor arrived at the Glou cester Hotel, Piccadilly, the windows of the apartments oc cupied by Mr. Dunn commanding those of Miss Coutts Bur dett. During the past week, Mr. Dunn was repeatedly observed walking past the residence of Miss Coutts Burdett, who, we understand, is necessitated to keep two constables constantly within the hall of her mansion in Stratton-street, to protect her from a repetition of his annoyances.—Morning Post. itintcur.ous MISTAKE.—At the circus at Bishopswear mouth, on Monday night, it was arranged that one of the equestrians should personate an Irishman, and, coining from among the audience, in a very humorous speech, challenged the horseriders to an exhibition of his prowess on horseback, and, resistinL7 all entreaties and threats from the master of the ring, was to mount a horse and gallop round the circle, disencumbering himself of his ordinary attire, and appearing in the usual fantastic dress of th e riders. Whilst this mock contest was going on, police sergeant Barron took it for earnest, and, jumping into the ring, seized the actor, and despite the entreaties of his brother performers and the pro prietor of the house, was about to drag the man to gaol, when he discovered the spangled jacket beneath the great coat, and, after making him show himself in his theatrical gear, the policeman retired, completely disconcerted by the jeers of the audience.—Sander/and Beacon.—[he policeman paid a very high compliment to the acting of the pretended Irishman.] The Recovery of Tenements Act, passed last session, has considerably increased the business of the magistrates, among whom, however, there is a difference of opinion as to whether it extends to lodgers occupying one or two rooms, or part 01 a house from a tenant. holding front the superior landlord. Some magistrates have refused to give . possession Of lodg ings under the new law ; others have freely done so. To re concile tuese conflicting opinions the opinion of Sir. John Campbell, the Attorney-General has been taken. His opi nion is, that the new law extends to lodgings or part of a tenement; and a copy of it has been forwarded to all the police offices. Several magistrates have, notwithstanding, declared they shall not act on the opinion of the Queen's Attorney-General; and until a mandamus be issued from the Court of Queen's Bench, they shall decide according to their own judgment. STERLING 1 - 10NEsm—On Friday night one of the ser vants of the Birmingham Railway Company found in one of the first-class carriages, after' the passengers had left, a p oc k et book containing' a check on a London bank for £2,000, and £2,500 in bank notes.• delivered the book and its con. tents to the principal officer, when it was forwarded to the gentleman to whom it belonged, his address being discovered trona some letters in the pocket book. He had gone to bed, and risen and dressed himself next morning,- without disco vering his loss, which was only made known by the restora tion of the property. He immediately tendered £2O to the party who had found his money; but this being contrary to a regulation of the directors, the party, though a poor man, could not receive the reward. • As the temptation, however, was so great to apply . the money to his own use, the matter is to be brought before a meeting of the directors. SINGULAR ACT ye REPENTANCL—OII 'Wednesday, ahoy apparently about seven years of age, went into the shop of Mr. Blackburn, sho e dealer, High-street, Oldham, and placed on the counter a small piece of writing paper, ad. dressed to Mr. Blackburn, in which something was enclosed; the boy left the shop instantly without saying a word. Mr. B. who was in, found on examining the paper, two half crawns, and a statement written by pencil, of which the annexed is a copy Honesty is the best policy. When I was nine or ten years of age, 1 came to your shop with a re lation of mine to purchase for me a pair of shoes: she having got the pair she had purchased unperceived by me, and a pair remaining on the counter, I took them up, not knowing but they were those purchased for me ; but having got some distance from the shop, and offering them to her, I found we had each a pair ; with shame we confess it, I had not the courage to bring them back. I have often thought to recom pense you whenever it was in my power. Embracing the opportunity, I here present to you the sum of five shillings." CAUTION To TRADESMEN AND SHOPKEEPERS.—INGENI, ous THEFTS.—We understand that a novel mode of street theft has been practised within the last few weeks in this town with considerable success, no fewer than eight or nine in stances of this felonious trick being reported at the Manches ter Police-office alone. Shop boys or errand lads, sent out with parcels, are met by a man (and according to the state ments of the lads, in every .case by the same individual, or a man very similar in description), in two or three instances in London-road, who accosts the lan with •" Oh, have you not got a parcel for air. So and So?" [stating the -name of the party to whom the parcel is sent.] The boy answering in the affirmative, the man rejoins, " \Vell, he has been wait ing fur it; here, give it me, and go back directly and bring the other." The young unsuspecting dupe delivers the par cel, and it is only ou his return to his employer that the ti ick is discovered. There is no doubt that the thief's plan is to follow a lad with a parcel, till, either in passing, ur on the lad stopping to gaze into some attractive shop-window, he obtain an opportunity of reading the name of the party to whom' the parcel is addressed. Then hurrying forward, he turns rokind,-Meets the lad, and maks the inquiry with a bold air, as if sent' by the person to whom the lad is eunyeviug the parcel. Tradesmen and shopkeepers will do well to cau tion their lads, not to deliver parcels to any one in the street, or anyn here but to the house whither they are sent.—Mon- Mester Guardian, - ALARMING INCREASE OF SMALL PDX.—On Friday week, a general court of the governors of the Small Pox Hospital, St. Pancras; London, was held at the institution, to take into consideration the propreity of enlarging the present edifice, for the purpose of giving accommodation to the large number of patients who are constantly seeking for admission within its walls, From a paper drawn up by the committee of, governors, it appeared, that during the 25 years which pre.; ceded the diseovery'Of Naceination, the -average number of patients annually.ailtnitted into the hospital was 280. In the year.lBoo the practice of vaccination became general, inocu lion declined, and it •gradual diminution soon took place in the application for admission of persons labouring under the Casual small pox. From 1800 to 1824, the average annual admissions into the hospital were 143. In 1825 the number rose to 419; and taking the average of the succeeding twelve years, the admission amounted to 270 annually, being nearly equal to the average of persons admitted - prior to the intro duction of vaccination. From November 1837, to Novem ber 18.38, the number amoumed to seven hundred and forty; the largest number ever received in one year since the founda tion of the hospital; and about MO were refused admittance. for want of loom. In consequence of these facts being brought under the consideration of the governors, it was de termined to erect a new wing, and to make alterations in the present building, so as to provide additional accommodation to the patients, and to increase the number of beds from 30 to 60. THIRTY-NINE LIVES LOST.—The catch of herrings has this week somewhat improved; this, however, is but a pour consolation to those engaged in the fishery for the dreadful loss of human life which has taken place amongst the men in that hazardous employment. We have to record the loss of three fishing boats with their crews, excepting onlyone man, who was save.: after having encountered the greatest danger ; in addition to these, ten loan have been washed or fallen over board since the commencement of the season, making in all thirty-mine who have perished, many of whom have left widows and families in a state of destitution. The Mary, the•property of Messrs. Searle and George, anti the Reward, belonging to Mr. Giles, were lost with all hands, in the gale on Monday se'nnight. The Walter and Ann, the property -of Mr. W. Campbell, was struck by a sea on the morning of Sunday last. and turned bottom upwards; nine of the crew were drowned, one man named Hales alone being saved. It ap;mars that Hales was in the cabin .with some of his ship mates, when he heard the mast er an d ec k s i ng our, " Hold on my boys, here douses a heavy sea." Some one then said, " Put the helm up," which he (Hales) believes was done, Another then called. out, Put the helm down,'' and this indecision was, it appears, fatal; the sea struck her on her broadside and turned her completely over. The situation of Hales and his companions were now completely reversed— i. they stood upon the roof of the cabin, up to their knees in water; how long they remained in this perilous situation it is impossible to say—Hales supposes shout three hours, but the quantity of air contained in the cabin, from which all fresh supply was excluded, would not have been sufficient oxygen enough to preserve one man for so long a time. His companions gradually stink from exhaustion, but the sea haviog rolled the boat on her beam ends, Hales, by great exertion, e scaped from the cabin, and hung on by the scaffold. ing, until he was picked up by a Yorkshire coble. The re mainder of the crew were of course washed overboard when the first sea struck the boat, Hales is suf f ering greatly from m consequent up o n hi p l ong itntneon in t n n u ew b a n t e e s it s ." - li co A l i d 4 m 4rOn icle, • A gold half noble of the reign of Edward the Third, itt a beautiful state of preservation ; was lately found on the sand banks of Newton-by-the-Sea, and is now in the possession of Mr. \V. Foster of that place.—Netrcastle Journal. INTRODUCTION of RICE INTO CAROLINA.—RiCR if; a grain of India, and was introduced into Carolina by a mere accident. In 1966, the master of a vessel from Madagascar landed about half a bushel of an excellent kind; from which small begin ning sprung an immense source of wealth to the southern provinces of America. 'Within little more than half a century from that time, 120,000 barrels of rice were in one year ex ported from South Carolina; 18,000 from Georgia; and all from the remnant of a sea-store left in the bottom of a sack.— King's Journey to the shores of the Arctic Ocean. ANCIENT ARTILLERY.—According to Gibbon, the cannon used by 11Iahomet, in the siege of Constantinople, threw stone balls which weighed above six hundred pounds. The mea sure of the bore was twelve palms. We get a more precise notion of the awkwardness with which the artillery was served in the infancy of the science, from a fact recorded in the " Chronicle of John II., " that, at-the siege of Seuteml. 1407, five Lombards were able to discharge only four shots in the course of a day. ALLITERATION WITH A VENGEANCE.—A BILLETDOUX.--• " Adored and angelic Annabella, accept an ardent and art less amorist's affectionate attention, and answer an amorous applicant's avowed ardour. Ah ! adored Anuabella, all appears an awful aspect—ambition, avarice, and arrogance ; alas! are attractive allurements, and abase an ardent attach ment. Appease an affectionate adorer's alarms, and anon; acknowledge affianced Albert's alliance affectionate and affirmative answer, accept an ardent admirer's aching adieu —always, angelic and adorable Annabella's admiring and attached amorist,--ALBLitiT." VEGETATION.—Nothing can be more singular than the unaccountable manner in which plants spring up on certain occasions. Thus, after the great fire in London in 1666, the whale surface of the devastated city was in a short time co vered with a luxuriant crop of the Sisymbrium Trio, in such profusion, that it was calculated that the whole cf the rest of Europe did not contain so mane• specimens of this plant. Again, wherever a salt spring breaks out at a distance from the sea, its vicinity abounds with salt plants, although none grew there before. When lakes are drained, a new kind of vegetation springs up. Thus, when the Danish island of Zealand was drained, Vilney observed Caret Cyperroides springing up, although that species is naturally not a native of Denmark, but a native of the north of Germany.— Farm er's Journal. INTRODUCTION OF TRAV/MLING CARRIAGES IN ENG LAN n.—The following extract is from a letter of Mr. Hartlib, he to whom Milton dedicated his "Treatise on EdUcation." The travelling chariots begin more and more to be in use amongst us ; they were first invented by Colonel Blunt, in Kent; they go with one or .two horses, and are so light thai, if the horses be good, they may go easily with two or more persons fifty or sixty miles a-day. The Earl of Thanet uses another kind of new-invented carriages, carrying in them five hundred weight of all manner o f commo diti es , th e car riage being clusely, covered to shelter it from rain, and going fifty miles a day with oRe horse, which is changed fur another at twenty-five miles; but the carriers are so stupid that, as yet, they have nut followed his example." Ttis 13E.ILICA PLANT.—One of the most singular appear ances of the forest arose from the number of a species of plant called bejucas. These are everywhere seen, stretching from the earth to the tops of the highest trees, like stays to the mast of a ship. Sometimes stretched perfectly tight, and twisted round each other in pairs, they resemble hempen cables, being quite regular as to thickness, and without a leaf or branch. They were of various thicknesses, front the smallest twine to six and seven inches in diameter. When young, they are applied to all purposes for which cordage is used in England; in the woods the natives lash the .beams and rafters of their houses with them; on the coast the fish- ermen use them as ropes fur their fish-crawls, which they sink many fathoms deep. I have seen trees of large diame— ter, when cut through with the axe, remain perfectly station ary, until these natural stays, which were supporting them on all sides, were cut away; and . nut unfrequeutly have-riders• been pulled from their horses by riding against one, whicb.• from its tendril-like appearance, being not thicker perhaps than a quill, they expected to break.--11awkshaw , s Remini scences of South America. SLEEP of PL ANTS. —The leaves of Oxalis Bowie are com pounded and jointed, which permits considerable power of motion; and Bence, when not • stimulated by the light, the leaflets towards evening begin to recline and form a sent of cone, of which the summit or petiole is the apex, as may be seen in leaves of the Oxalis acetosella, or comirson.wood sorrel. The flowers are also very sensible to light, and only expand thoroughly when the strong clear sunshine fallsupon them. But they may be caused to open by the light of the lamp thrown upon them in a concentratd form by means-of a lens, as was done by Monsieur Bordye St. Vincentcand4io cheated out of their sleep. The term sleep of plants may excite surprise, but many plants exhibit phen o m ena. analo gous to the eep of animals; and though it occurs to greater or less extent in all plants, yet it is chieflv.applied to those plants in which it is most perceptible, such as the Oxalis, and other members of the tribe Oxaliducew, and those of the Leguminosm, especially the Itobina Pseudo acacia, and the Mimosa pudica; and Mimosa sensitiva..-- , The Botanist. . , New ALLOY oP Zixc AND COPPER.—A"committee of the French Academy of Sciences is engaged in 'investigating a new alloy of zinc and copper, which is said to possess quali ties which.fit it fur extensive use to the arts and :manufactures. Its cost will be a little more than that of Zinc. The pure metal of zinc.oxidyses with great facility, which lenders it unfit for a multitude of uses; the alloy, however, is oxidysed with great difficulty. It will resist, for example, sulphuric acid of 20 degreess of concentration. Hence it may be used fur mi neral waters, for pipes and tubes, through which acid liquids flow, and in navigation for the sheathing of vessels. The compoSition of the alloy depends on the uses to which it is applied. If it is appliedin circumstances where zinc is com monly used, the inventor Mikes with a great proportion of the latter metal a small quantity of tin' and lead; an addition which doei not augment the cost of the alloy more than a farthing a pound. The alloy which ii used for boilers, gut ters of houses, &c., contains no lead, btit•still, like the other, resists the sulphuric acid of 20 degrees' concentration. THE MANGROVE.— ..Around and behind the village (of Tucanas,) there extended a very considerable pla in , or saline, as this kind of soil is termed in South Auierica, and which hail been taken Irons the ocean,' chiefly_ by the growth of the mangrove tree. This tree, of which there are two kinds (the red and the black mangrove,) is .ve4.prevalent on those parts of the shore in this district that are low and flat; and where the water does not deepen rapidly, but continues shallow for some distance into the sea, It is the red mangrove which is most forward in invading the dominion of the sea. Its man ner of growth is curious: a number of stems or roots, ten or twelve, rise from the wet and muddy soil, arid only unite into one stem, when five or six feetfrom the earth. The roots, o r more properly, iutermetliafe iDuletitues tangled, and the trunk rather crooked.' The leaves area dark green, of a leathery texture, and o f a sh a p e acutely ovate. Water appears necessary to its existence, abil it seems to require brackish water; tor, though it grdws occasionally considerablY inland, on low tracts of land partially covered with fresh Iva' ter, yet, where I have seen it, it has always been in soils that had been made from the sea, and which therefore contained a considerable portion of salt. It is generally fOund forming a narrow border along the edge of shallOW ilidres, with some of the intermediate stems growing chi ectly out of the water, and others of the same tree sp r i ng i ng f rom th e s h ore j • an. thus inch by inch, with one foutou laud and - the other in the wave, it seems to dispute the territory of the ocean."—,licomk" thaw's Reminiscences of South Americii. . PRIVACY OF ARA LI DWELLINGS.—In a.palace, or large house, there is generally a wide bench of stone, or a w ooden sofa, within the outer door, for the accommodation of th e doorkeeper and other servants. The entranre,passage lea' to an open court; and, for the sake of .preventing persons at the entrance,-or a little-within it,.from seeing into the court," it usually.has- two turnin g s. W e may, therefore, understan d the motive of the king in seating hitesell in the piece her e described to have urea a Gesire, that he_ might not, it' disc i) " vexed ; -be supposed to be.prying impertinently into the int e ,; nor of the palace. Respect for the privacy of another : that it is a point that is d e e me d o f so muc k i mportance it is insisted upon in th e lcur-itn, in these words:—" 0 ,Ye whit) have become beli e v ers ! en t er no t any h euses, beside' your own houses, instil ye shall.have a s k e d le a v e , and salut ed their inhabitants; this will b e b e t ter f ur you : pera d ve nture you will be admoni s h e d.. A n d. if ye had, not ,in them 3 PY, person, enter them not, uutil leave be ranted you ; and l ` b l e be said unto y ou , re t ur n,,alers do ye- return ; this will . more decent for you. and God knoweth what ye do. Pi' shall be no crone in you that ye enter uninhabited twirl; wherein ye may find a convenience," When a visitor the door open, and no aervaut below, he useally claps ing hands as a signal for some person to come to .him, the palm of his left h an d w ith t h e fi ngers of, the . right; a w n , even when leave has been granted him:to enter, it is cost° ary for him, if he ha s t o ascen d to en upper aparttneutt to i , - , repeat several times some ejaculation,- such is `' slurs!" or, " 0 Protector!" (that is, "0 protecting Go ti :,. a as he goes up, its order that any female of the family,. v: o , may chance to b e i n the wry, mar kayo. notice of ills proach, and either retire or veil.herself.• Sometimes the! e te , vant who preced es bi as elves this in his stead..—Lare'' o to die Arabian Nights. • • t. is a THII, BATH IN THE EAST . ---The.harnm&tn,:or bat., " favourite resort of both men and-Women of all claws ainn the Muslims Muslims wh o c au. n ff or d th e .trifling,expense w hich it ,. r o f quires; and (it is s a id) n o t on ly o f h uman ' . b e i ngs, but al evil genii; on which account, as well.as on• that of clectia several precepts respecting it h a v e b een di c t a t e d by Illu" w as med. It is frequented for the . purpose of performing " L. , ablutions requ ire d by th e re li gion, or b y a regar d f o r eleqbe ness, and for its sal ilary effects, and for mere luxurYl, ge i t il following d escr ipti on o f a pu bli c b at h w ill esinsfey a sin s a eet notion of those in pri va t e h ouses, w hi c h are on'a.bfilLerte scale, and g ener ally cons i s t o f on l y, two or three chan' asa ie ' The public bath compri se s s e v era l apartments, with ble, or tesselated p a v e m en t s , com p ose d of w hi te o r black laa r ia ls. and pieces of fine red tile, and sOnaetiinee of Other Ma` te „ r or The inner apartments are covere d w i t h d omes, baiting sl u of ber of small, round, glazed apertures, for the adw, i 7 o bier light. The first apart men t i s th e ines l a kh, o r clog „ d er, room, whirls has, in the centre, a fountain of cold ; c oed and, next the walls, wid e benches oi platforms, .. e ib i o ost in Marble. 'these are f urn i s h e d w i t h ma tt res ses and cu lb 6 far the higher and middl e c l asses , an d Wi t h , for - mats Le w ore poorer sort. The inne r divi s i o n o f th e b u ildi n g, in t u „ e ely regularly planned baths, occupies nearly iquitte ;th bass , tral and chief portion of it is the principal apa rtmentor:tre rah; which generally has the form o f a cross . In its with is a fountain of hot water, rising f rom a b a S e encase (be marble, which serves as a seat. One pf the angl es , C 1 th e _square is occupied by the beyt-oviwal, or ante•lchanibevoiler;, hat-arab : in another, is' the fire, o ver Whi c h is the ied by and 'each of the other two an g l es i s generally con% %vitt' two small chambers: its one of these is a tank li, lle io warm water, which pours dow n f rom a spont in the u °l o ,„,-de th e the other, are twe tap s , s id e b y s id e; one of hot, be NO other of cold water , with a small trough beneath, by th e which is a seat. The inner apartments are' heated steam which rises from the fountain and tacks , 111)d t ' a 's th e a° t hey' contiguity of the fire; but the beyt-owwal isnot hatirah, being separated from it by a door. In cold Joe ( the bather undresses in the former, whiels hai two °r t it (), raised seats, like tnose of the ineslakh. With a_ ou r n d wooden clogs to his feet, and having a large napkin r loins, and generally a second wound round his hea t,_, back, turban, a thir.i overhis chest, and a fourth roverim,.n'iooe„ he enters the hathrah, the heat of which causes hru bat e diately to perspire profusely. An attendant a t h e ; aa d moves ft imm him ..11 the napkins excepting the fir , sti : ceeds to crack the joints of his fingers and toes, %lo s tle'd veral of the Yertebrm of the back and neck ; kneads _asfa and rubs the soles of his feet with a coarse earthen); bia bo o his limbs and body with a woollen bag, which - cov e ' p lun v l t a as a glove; after which, the bather, if be Piel' w `lbed be into one of the tanks. He is then thoroughly, shoed if soap and water, and fibres of the palm tree, an:: _ n t be,, ei e wish it, iii one of the small chatimbers which co of hot and cold water ; sod returns to the beyt-(" .. ',.„ 0 he generally reclines upon a• mattress, and takes s of bt u refreshment ; while one of the attendants rubs the s u . I feet, anti kneads the flesh of his body antit. 'to his restinung his dress. It is a cr;inmoncu er t ' io u d of i r„ c t e take a pipe and a cup of coffee during this P , o ften " eat s. The women are especially fond of time bath, awl , _ eg a t,ei , entertainments there; taking with them f r uit . s , , , • mi " ). 7 o , t &c., and sometimes hiring female singers to ace" An I our or more is occupied by the process_ ; „era il .ioa . hair, and applying the depilatory, &r., qual time is passed in the enjoyment of . re. ve a on L o w. , o k r m b e y n m t. os A t Iflenmeacleesss;arivuittiewcoolirri of the , oc e oi r e o baoto b d e isiuus are often seen in the bath without any c0 vering , • , .... 030 ; are appropriated solely to men ; others, only t i t )e v i 7 i h e , all ey , cabers; again, to men during' the forenoon, 3 l ed to bc,''' . ol .o noon to women, When the bath is appro i r s a mai i e udl o ,1/1 3 napkin, or some other piece of drapery, , a _Notes : the door, to warn men from entering,'• • • 4rabiaTh Ni'slO Eottpldinvon44 , -