The Sun. — London, England, 1840-04-23 00:00:00

,T.VEN IN G EDITION. CA PTAIN SMITH AND THE CHI- NESE WAR JUNKS. The American American papers received by the British Queen give a highly interesting account of the action between the Volage and Hyacinth and the Chinese fleet of men of-war junks an the 3d of November. The report pur ports to have been obtained from ail offi cer of the Vo lage, and is as follows :-.. "Captain Smith sent a lieutenant and Mr. Morris o r,, the interpreter, in his boat to the A dmiral's j unk, w ith a communication for the Yum Chae, in which ;, e re . 1 quested that the edicts t hreatenin g destruct; ..n :1 t o th e merchant ships at Hong Kong , should be w ithdrawn, and that permission might be granted for the British community to return to the neutral pot'', ‘of Macao, and there remain unmolested until the intentions oi, , the , . .eri. British Government could be receiv He said also that there was no particular haste for reply ; that three days would be granted, at the end of which time an ' answer must be furnished. i" The officer and Mt. Morrison were received on board the junk with much civility, and entertained with tea, preserves, &c. After it was made known to t the Chinese A.der4iral the nature of the communication I of which they were the bearers, for the Commissioner, and the tim a required for a reply, he said there was no oc casion for 'she delay, and that one should be sent sooner. This was, in the morning. After an hour or two had elapsed, -a Linguist, and a Mandarin came on board the Volage,, bringing with them Captain Smith's letter un opened, sad a few words written on a shabby piece of paper, intimating that the men-of-war must sail away. White they were yet on board the Admiral had got his !See', ander way, and in two divisions, of about 12 or 14 Junks each, they bore down upon the frigates in well fsemed lines, and very steadily. " Captain Smith very naturally was much enraged at A 0 indifference with which they had treated his letter, .and at the style in which he was addressed on the scrap of paper they had sent him. He at once ordered the Linguist and Mandarin into their boat, and as the Chinese fleet was approaching him fast, sent word by the Linguist to the Admiral, that if in half an hour he did not haul off and retire from the threa:ening maximum's he had assumed, he would Ire into him. The message was disregarded, and, as he had promised, Captain Smith opened his broadside, and a scene of dreadful carnage took place : the first • junk fired into blew up, fragments of her scattering about in all directions. She was full of soldiers is red uniforms, and out of some two hundred persons that E must have been on board, only three were seen holding on to the fragments of the wreck when the smoke 1 cleared away-. The Hyacinth had, is the meantime, contrived to get between Chumpee and the junks, several of which bore up for her, apparently with the intention to run her on board. She remained quiet ; orntil they got within pistol-shot, when she poured into them from both sides such volleys of grape and canister that a shocking slaughter was the result. Several of .the junks were completely disabled, and, after a broad side or two, all made sail for Anson's Bay in the bast manner they could. The frigates followed, and every broadside must have sent dozens of the Chinese into ( ternity. At last Elliot, who had been begging Captain Smith for God's sake to stop, prevailed upon him to make a signal to the Hyacinth to atop firing, and to 4 haul off hi mse lf. Th e y h a d now been engaged about two hours, and were bearing up for Macao, when the old Admiral kept away to re-engage the Volage. Capt. Smith luffed up, not inclined to disappoint him. The junk came down before the wind, keeping up an inces sant fire ; when within good short distance, the Volage gave her one broadside, then kept away, leaving the junk tottering like a drunken man, and she must have soon gone down, a strong breeze blowing from the 1 4, iorth - at the time. Two hours afterwards both the Nessals were at anchor in Macao Roads. Many high Mandarins were on the bill at Chumpee within sight of the engagement, and it was said his Excellency the Commissioner was one of them, On board the Admi ral's junk the men stood to their guns nobly, and those actually engaged are allowed to have fought very well ; but when they commenced they were ignorant of the dreadfully murderous effect of a sloop of war's broad side. Only one foremast man was hurt, and he received a slight wound in the should sL ; they say, though, the Hyacinth will require ane izenniast and main-yard." TURNPIKE CHARGES. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. :St R,----Fiaving always noticed your readiness to eyevo‘e fraud in all its forms, I take the liberty of eking if the following is not a case of swindling tame from Southampton, per railway, on Tues day last, and engaged a coach to take me from Nine Elms to Oxford street, I had not been in the coach more than five minutes, when it stopped, and a demand of 11d. was made for a gate, this I ") thought bad enough, but paid it ; when, to my utter astonishment, in about five minutes more, I wAs again stopped, and a gentle demand for 9d. was made, this I thought going the whole hog with i a vengeance ; I thus paid for these two gates about lone. -half the sum the eoach cost me the whole way, I determined on asking your opinion on this, as I 'Am desirous my Hampshire friends should be on their guard, when they visit this modern Babylon. ! Verily, if this system is alloYed, there is great need of public meetings on the subject. I am, your's most obediently, J. F. K., AN OLD SUBSCRIBER. [The publication of this letter will put our readers on their guard.] THE JEWS IN THE EAST AND AT HOME. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—Having seen a paragraph in The Sun of the 18th inst. I read, with the deepest regret, the barefaced atrocities about to be practised by Ibra him Paella, of the Egyptian Government, on the Jews in Syria. You will, theieiore, greatly oblige me by the insertion of the following in your va luable Journal : With regret I learn that seven individuals of the Jewish persuasion have been put to the rack to confess that which perhaps they never did, the murder of a priest, and tortured to such a degree as to comply with their wily persecutor's wishes. For this supposed crime thirty of the more promi nent individuals in Dainas,:us were ordered for im mediate execution, and were only saved (thank God) by the timely interference and good feelings of the French Consul there." I call on all the Jews in the United Kingdom, as a duty I owe to my brethren in a distant land, to an.emble, call meetings, and petition---for you have all a voice in the welfare of the nation, and why not in that of distress ? Surely an English society like our own is not void of feeling. We cannot see our fellow -creatures slaughtered like the beasts of the field —nay, their shrieks and cries for aid will not be unheard by the British Legis lature. Are we not loyal to our Sovereign? Are we not taxed as well as any other sect or party ? As such I trust her Majesty's Government will hear my prayer. Once more I would exhort the Jewish community to aid our brethren in distress. I am, sir, your obedient servant, AN ISRAELITE, Manch es t er , April 21, 1840. THE LATE JOHN ROBERTS. The death of this ingenious man, the inventor of the " safety-hood," is thus announced in a Lancashire paper : " On Saturday, the 14th ult., at (Bilston, Stafford shire, aged 49, Mr. John Roberts, a native of Saint Helen's, lie was the inventor of the flre-escape-hood, or the miner's hood, and greatly improved by Sir H. Davy's safety lamps." About twenty years ago, when Roberts invented his admirable safety-hood, he was a common miner in the Whitehaven collieries, and inhabited one of those small cottages adjoining the gates of the Glass-house yard, Arians. His first experiment was made in a building in the yard, the floor of which was covered with a quantity of straw, thickly strewn with sul phur. The straw was set on fire, and when the atmosphere was so oppressive as to drive the by standers from the door-way, Roberts, equipped in his hood, entered, and the door being closed, remained up wards of twenty minutes without inconvenience in a place where no living creature could have existed one fourth of the time. By those, however (to their shame be it spoken), who ought to have duly appre ciated the merits of his invention, Roberts and his hood were treated with neglect, and had not the editor of the Whitehaven Gazette interested himself in his behalf, he might have remained unnoticed and unknown. He was introduced to the notice of the late J. C. Curwen, Esq., who, we believe, was the means of bringing the invention under the inspection of different scientific bodies in London, Dublin, and Paris, before whom Roberts put the powers of his hood to the test in many severe experimental trials. He was warmly applauded by the gentlemen who witnessed these trials, an d was rewar d ed in a handsome manner for h is inventio n . Th e S oc i ety of Arts presented hi m with a gold med a l. A s a means of pres erving n fiervin on in mines after an expl os i on , and buildi ngs when re—siindaers-- much as it enabl es th e wearer to remain for a able time in safety i n s it ua ti ons where it would RU i aTei possible to breathe an inst a nt w i t h out such a safe- —the safety-hood is unquesti ona bl y entitled to r ank amongst the most useful inventions of modern times, Carlisle Journal. . . Sir William and Lady Maria Oglander have Ibsen placed in mourning by the demise of Sir William's sur viving sister, Mrs. Glynn, relict of the Rev. William Glynn, was died at her Marine Villa, Parry Hill, Isle of Wight, on ThursePrtnt: W SYJ ~. iC ~~~ ~ '777-fa ' INITED STATE' . mong the public docunieuto published in the Ame r tan Journals brought by the British Queen is a rues ,. Age of the United States Secretary of War, as trans mitted to the Speaker of the House. of Representatives at Wcishington, containing a synopsis of the sys , ,em of ; rto':ganization of the militia of the Union. The docu ment itself is too minute in its details for insertion in its entire form, but the leading features may be con- densed as follows : " An enrolment is to be made of ail the male white citizens of the United States between the ages of twenty and forty-five--all of whom are required to be fully armed and equipped, inspected, and reviewed within their respective States, whenever required by the State laws. From the mass of militia ditto enrolled, and numbering a million and a half, there is to be taken in each state and territory such suzipbar, by draft or voluntary enlistment, between the ages of twenty-one and thirty-seven, as will make up 0 force not exceed. ing 100,000 men, in the following proportions for each State and territory :-.IP-Maino, 4,400 men ; New Hampshire, 2,400 ; Vermont, • 2,400 ; Massachusetts, 6,000 ; Connecticut, 2,800 ; Rbode Leland, 800 ; New York, 18,000 ; New Jersey, 2,800 ; Pensylvania, 10,400 ; Delaware, 800 ; Maryland, 8,200 ; Virginia, 6,000 ; district of Columbia, 400 ; north Carolina. 4,400 ; South Carolina, 2,400 ; Georgia, 2,800 ; Flo rida, 400 ; Alabama, 2,000 ; ItississipA 800 ; Louisi ana, 1,600 ; Tennessee,4,4oo ; Arkaneas,4oo ;Missouri, 1,200 ; lowa, 400 ; Kentucky, 4,400 ; Illinois, 1,200 ; Indiana, 2,800 ; Ohio, 8,000 ; Michigan, 800 ; and Wisconsin, 400 men. " This force is to be denominated the active or moveable force. •' Another class is to be organised andel , the name of the reserve or sedentary force : and the order of prece dence between the army of the United States and the militia, and between the several classes of the militia with one another, is as follows I 1. Troops of the United States. 2. Militia of the United States, in this order, to wit : 1. The active force; 2. The seden tary force ; 3. The mass. " An Adjutant-General of the Militia is to be ap pointed by the President, whose offies will be at Wash ington, and salary 3,000 dollars. He is to be allowed two clerks, if necessary. The President designates all depots of arms and munitions of war, and appoints the place of rendezvous for the troops, when called into active service. When called out, the militia are subject to the same rules and articles of was as the regular troops of the United States ; but Do detachment can be required to serve more than six suonths in any one year. While in actual service, their pay and rations arc those of the troops of the regular army..-end in case of death or wounds, they or theaP s are pkeed on the same footing as to pension. , kfts eplatsits killed or wounded in the regular service. •ie. • dountry, for the convenience of instruction ant.i v ipitue, is to be divided into ten districts, and proper regulations are to be made as to the instruction of offieeee and men." A CERTAIN ANTIDOTE TO ARSENIC.. The efficacy of the hydrated peroxide of iron in counteracting the fatal efreew of poisoning by arsenic has already been made public ; but a suffi cient number of facts had not born furnished so as to leave no doubt upon the certainty of its action as a specific against arsenical preparations. The following seven cases remove ail incredulity upon the important acquisition conferred by the progress of chemical science, and which, for the sake of humanity, cannot be made too public, as it is now incontestibly proved that the peroxide of hydrated iron is the moss certain, cafe, and ready antidote against arsenic known. On the 9th of October last Di. Puchelt, of Berlin, was called to attend Charlotte Lenz, aged thirty-five, who had been taken suddenly ill after dinner. He found the patient of a deathlike pale ness, her features contracted. She had trembling fits, her pulse was small, frequent, and almost im perceptible to the touch. She stiffeeed also from constant vomitings, accompanied by violent spasms in the regions of the stomach. The abdomen was contracted, and little affected by pressure ; the tongue pale, but slightly coated. The patient stated that she had dined at the house of a neighbour named Bauer, and with three of his children ; she had herself cooked th e dinner, as the man's wife was not at home. In a quarter of an hour after partaking of some soup, she became so ill that they were obliged to carry her home. Dr. Puchelt repaired to the house where she dined, and found the three chil dren and the father extended o n beds, and appa rently in the agonies of death. Ono of the chil dren was fifteen months old, the second three and a half years, and the third five years. They were all seized with illness shortly after partaking of a few spoonsful of the soup. The fruiter, who took two soup-plates full, and some meat, went to work after dinner, but was obliged to return immediately, in consequence of the violent pains and spasms with which he was seized. He as well as the children exhibited the same symptoms as the female above alluded to. After some inquiries the medical attendant ascertained that Charlotte Lenz had taken, in mistake for flour, a spoonful of arsenic kept for destroying rats, and inoutiously left in the cupboard. Dr. Puchelt had fortunately provided himself with some peroxide of hydrated iron, and immedi ately administered a large spoonful to the father, and a smaller quantity to the children. He then returned to the lodgings of Clizirlorte Lenz, and gave her a similar portieto a Op. petinicle of iron. Five minutes after the first dose Ran i er, die father, vomited ; a second dose (spec l) was then given, and he became calmer. The ekildren also vo mited, but on taking more of the peroxide of iron, they were soon relieved, and the youngest fell asleep. At half an hour after the fret dose an aperient effect was produced upon the father, and ' the symptoms were considerably diminished ; the uneasiness and violent colics ceased, and the coun tenance assumed a natural appearance. The female Lenz was also relieved after the first few doses. In the evening Bauer and the two youngest of the children were in a satisfactory state ; but Char lotte Lenz, who had been previously ill, and the eldest daughter, who had taken very little of the antidote (having obstinately misted), were no t so nylch recovered as th e others ; another spoonful was accordingly administered to each. On the fol lowing morning Bauer was able to resume his work, and the two younger children had quite re covered. The eldest, however, etas paler, and complained of uneasiness; the abdomen was swollen and tender, and the tongue coated; but what she particularly suffered from was a vielent palpitation of the heart, which came on at intervals. This palpitation was easily heard by the stethoscope ; but by no means in unison (synoltroimus) with the pulse, which continued small. A sinapism was applied to the region of the heart, and another dose of peroxide of iron administered, as also to the female Lenz, who exhibited the same symptoms. Aperient medicine was given in the evening, and with effect. Next morning they were both much better, the palpitations had eubaided, and the pulse became strong, the appetite returned, and in the course of a few days the cure was perfected. On analysing a portion of the soup left, it was found to contain a quantity of white oxide of arsenic. I Th y seedmatter showedrejected t fm h r e o presence stprita of e h arsenicwa s also a ; in ana lysed, the e portions mixed with the peroxide of iron (taken as the a n tid o te) it was ascertained thiporatothtu the peroxide was changed into the arseniate of estab lishing its claims as a specific. Two other cases are detailed, in which two children, one 8 years and the other 10 years old, had swallowed half a spoonfult h o e f y arsenicw er e instantlym i xed by mistake in some vege tables similar t o t h e above. The"pize.rodxwidiethofsylmropntowmass administ ere d s i x hours after the ateklent, and was attended with complete su cceaes-.-Medicinische Annalen. APPLEDORE.--A last week. It had remained the river that it could not clear the sand banks i slears°re,ralelon porpoise (lige was taken here Since the high tide of of Dr. Wooll, the was with difficulty captured. RUGNY SCHOoL,-- °W; wen bred at it, and it oterre2gt moment. The Rugby prosperity during the early days tioa of a rule, ;on of the school has never been so full as at the number of boys now amounts to e l ltel e nti ol ve of the been considerably greater, boa ro t op ~ a nd would have adopted of late years by the trnstees, st the ,112 head master, by which the matter at e6holors, founders, has been limited to 200. JO consece re striction several applications were reine A ed at , this ment of the half-year.—Derbredire tiroziale, mence- A grand Easter race ba ll, nnder the patronage of the Earl of Cardig an, Ma j or deans, s, and the officers of the 11th or Prince Albert's own Hussars, took plac e , l ast evening, at the Assembly Rooms,. Canterbury. SALMON FISHING. _lt is a remarkable fact that up to the end of last week, a period of nearly two month s from the commencement of the sbisag season, not a single salmon had been caught in the Tweed above Kelso, altho ugh the number of trout taken had been en an average with late Years. The circumstance is almost unproaadented in the ex perience of the oldest people frenneeted with the fishings, and ',ils impossible to regard it otherwise than as a striking in dication. of some destructive process at work, which, whatever it rn. ..), , lezi., s er ee w m i s el t , o ,i b d e v e e o n m i e se m r. ore relax - lel* in each successive season. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY, APRIL 23, 1840. GENERAL REPORT OF COMMIS SIONERS FOR INQUIRY INTO NAVAL AND MILITARY PROMOTION AND RE TIREMENT. (Continued from The Sun of Yesterday.) THE NAVY. Our examination of the systems of prnmotion and re tirement in the military services having been completed, we directed the course of our inquiries to the state of the navy, with a view to ascertain the condition and prospects of the officers of your Majesty's fleet, and to the suggestion of such remedial measures as might tend to maintain in vigour and efficiency this most important arm of national defence. During the whole progress of our inquiry and of our subsequent discussion and examination of the various propositions that have been submitted to us, we had been gratified by the zealous and cordial co-operation of that most gallant and distinguished officer, Vice-Ad miral Sir Thomas Hardy ; and although we are unfor tunately by his death deprived of the satisfaction of ob taining his signature to this our Report, we beg to assure your Majesty that we had his full concurrence in all our propositions. We proceeded, in regard to the navy, in the course we had adopted with the other services, obtaining from the departments of the Admiralty statements calculated to exhibit, generally, but not in detail, the ages and ser vices of the officers of the several ranks. We have, moreover, called before us for examination such officers as, from their experience or the attention they had given to the subject, might be best qualified to afford us in formation on the objects of our inquiry, and we have given our full and anxious consideration to the many appeals and petitions which were placed before us. The system of naval promotion may be described as one of selection up to the rank of captain, and of ad vancement by seniority from that rank to be a flag officer, the qualification for selection being merely that the officer shall have served a certain period in each rank ; the qualification for advancement by seniority to be a flag-officer on the active list being that the captain shall have served a certain period in command of a rated ship. The brief explanation of the general features of the system of naval promotion appears necessary as a pre liminary to that examination of the subject upon which we propose to enter, and is sufficiently distinct as a re ference in the remarks we shall feel it our duty to sub mit to your Majesty on the present state of the navy in relation to the points adverted to in our instructions. In the army, the ordnance, or the marines, the esta blishment of full pay is defined, and the condition of the service is, that the officer, while effective, retains his place on the list of employed officers, passing to another and separate establishment when he shall be disqualified for duty. In the navy, from the peculiar constitution of the service, and the limit placed upon employment at sea, there is but one establishment of naval officers com prising both the full-pay and the half-pay list. In the army, the ordnance, or the marines, an effective officer of good conduct may, on a fixed establishment, be as sured of retaining his employment as long as he con tinues efficient ; and if he quits that employment for retirement, it is either because the public service re quires a more active officer, or it is a voluntary relin quishment of the service, with a perfect knowledge on the part of the officer retiring that he will pass to an cther and separate establishment. In the navy the re duction to half-pay after a short period of service often occurs without any reference to the efficiency of the officers affected thereby. In this retirement the naval officer has no choice, and he falls back upon the half pay list of his class, merely because his ship is paid off, from which half-pay he may never again be removed, although he is still retained on the list of officers liable to be called upon to serve. Hence there is this difference between the returns we have obtained of the ages of officers in the at my and in the navy ; that, in the former, as we have already stated, officers on full-pay only are included, while- the tables of ages and services, prepared by the Admiralty, refer not only to those in actual full-pay employment, but also to all of the same rank, whether in retirement as being notoriously past service, or only on half-pay from their services not being required. This amalga mation consequently tends to increase generally the averages of ages, as calculated for each particular class. We were, therefore, prepared to expect that these re turns would exhibit generally advanced ages among all 1 classes of officers ; and the result of our examination in ' no way surprised us, or gave us any reason to appre hend that the high average age of officers of different ranks in the ❑avy necessarily implied a defective system of promotion in that branch of the service. As it is, however, above all things our desire to give your Majesty a clear view of the condition in which we have found each arm of your M.ijesty's service, we shall proceed precisely in the course we adopted with regard to the marines, the ordnance, and the army, by detailing, where the official records enable us to do so, the ages and services of the several commissioned officers of the navy, as they have been reported to us by the Board of Admiralty, fully admitting that a much larger propor tion of inefficiency is to be found in the various ranks of the navy than we have discovered in any of the other services. But we desire to record it as our deliberate conviction that this admitted inefficiency is not only not connected with the system of naval promotion, but that, on the contrary, that system of selection offers the best security which could be devised for re-in vigorating and re-animating the navy to any extent which the circumstances of the country might on an emergency render necessary. The condition of the navy at the pre sent moment, therefore, trill furnish no data whatever upon which the value of the system of promotion adopted 'in it could be estimated. Age, ill health, or desuetude, may have unfitted a large portio❑ of the naval officers for sea duties, and hero reduced the really available members of the profession to a comparatively small num ber ; but this number during peace is sufficient to meet the demands upon their services, and whenever more are required the Minister of the Crown, appointed for the management and control of this important service, is vested with ample powers to repair the deficiency on any moment of emergency by the mere suspension of those restrictions on naval promotion, which, for finan cial reasons chiefly, at present exist. It seemed to us expedient to offer these preliminary remarks to your Majesty's notice, fearing that an infer ence unfavourable to the system of promotion might be formed from the condition of some officers of the navy, and that a generally advanced age with reference to rank might be considered a consequence of that system, instead of being, as it is, in evident opposition to a prin ciple of selection, and the result rather of an extremel, liberal distribution of rewards, at the conclusion of a long war, than of any system of promotion proceeding in an ordinary course. From the Admiralty records the ages of the flag officers, at the period of our calling for the return, ap peared to be as follow ; since that time some casualtie have occurred : Admirals. I Vice- Admirals. 1 above 90 years of age 1 above So years of age 7 between 90 and 80 18 between 80 and 70 25 between 80 and 70 24 between 70 and 65 7 between 70 and 65 10 between 65 and 59 1 the youngest, 65 years 1 the youngest, 59 years —4l —54 Rear- Admirals— 1 above 80 years of age 5 between 80 and 71 19 between 71 and 65 26 between 65 and 59 10 between 59 and 53 2 not reported 1 the youngest, above 50 —64 From the same records the ages of 670 of the Cap tains would appear to be as follows, on the Ist of April, 1889 Capttins— 1 above 90 years of ago 1 between 90 and 80 28 between 80 and 70 103 between 70 and 60 140 between 60 and 55 210 between 55 and 49 104 between 49 and 43 52 between 42 and 37 27 between 37 and 31 2 the youngest, 30 years of ago ----WO The official documents are not equally available to give us the ages of the commanders and lieutenants ' One return would show the average age of th e f ormer to be 49 years, and of the latter 43 years ; but it is evi dent that from the large number of each class who ma y be considered in permanent retirement, any ded uc ti o drawn from an average would be an unsafe guide. W e have endeavoured to supply the information required with regard to the ages of the commanders and the lieutenants, by an estimate calculated in the following manner :—We propose to take 13 years as the average ago at which the youth commences his naval career, and to add to that eight years as the assumed average ser vice of each commissioned officer, as mate and midship. man, or volunteer. We are of necessity compelled to assume an average of service before the officer receives his commission of lieutenant, as there are no means of tracing such service, except by reference to the books of each ship in which the officer may have served. Upon these data, two being admitted assumptions, and in the unavoidable absence of more accurate infor mation, the following statements of the ages of the com manders and lieutenants have been p re p ared, and it is believed that they will afford as near an approach to the real facts of the case as could be desired : Commanders. Lieutenants. 6 between 81 and 76 years. 11 between 81 and 63 years 15 between 71 and 66 42 between 62 and 59 61 between 66 and 61 45 between 59 and 55 100 between 61 and 56 275 between 55 and 51 183 between 56 and 51 441 between 51 and 47 161 between 31 and 46 910 between 47 and 43 107 between 46 and 41 87 between 43 and 39 87 between 41 and 36 232 between 39 and 35 58 between 36 and 31 415 between 35 and 31 27 between 31 and 26 185 between 31 and 27 1 not reported 104 between 27 and 24 1 below 26 -807 111 between 24 and 22 20 below 22 -2,879 !!, the •Latement; officers generally to be far IL I,e (16-, r2 i e j th show the ages of the nave advanced, in many cases exceeding the possibility of ex pecting good and sufficient service from them ; and there seemed to be an admission on the part of all the naval wituesces that a very large portion of each class was altogether inefficient for service. And, doubtless, an ~ q ual degree of inefficiency would have been shown in the army, if the statements had contained, as those from the Admiralty do, one general table of all ranks, either oa full-pay or in retirement, or who had at any time belonged to the service. From the comparatively small number of naval officers employed upon full-pay afloat, which may be stated to he in the following proportions-- Captains, one in eleven, Commanders, less than one in ten, Lieutenants, one in six, it is evident that by far the greater number of the two superior elapses have little expectation, even if the ser vice of the navy were performed by an accurate rollster, of ever being called upon for duty with a n establishment on the limited scale required in time of p eace , and the consequence m ust necessarily be, that a l ar ge number may be considered to hold their existing commissions on the commanders' and lieutenants' lists, without prospect of further employment or advancem en t. I n p roo f o f thi s we refer to some returns in the navy appendix, showing what full-pay service has been rendered by the officers of each class, and what period has passed since their em ployment. These returns exhibit th e s t at e of the officers of the navy in June, 1838, just previous to the last general promotion. The numbers at that time of each of th e th ree ran k s of captain, commander, and lieutenant, and the numbers who had never served afloat in those ranks, is shown in the following statement :--- Have never served as such afloat. 313 402 530 and vessels on a peace est, scale : First rates 24 Second sates. Third rates Fourth and 101 Fifth rates . . . ,ablishment at the following Sixth rates . 8 Sloops Cutters, gun brigs Guard-ships and directing that the captain should be hound to take of this complement the following cstablisment of mates who had passed both examinations, if serving at home, or the examination for seamanship, if serving abroad one year, viz.— First rates . . Second rates Third rates _ 5 Guard-ships Fourth, Fifth, and } ... 41 Sixth rates Up to this point the career of the naval candidate is uninterrupted, with such exceptions as may have oc curred in the difficulty of obtaining service ; and his ad vancement through the ranks of petty and warrant officer is a certainty dependent solely upon his own con duct and exertions. He passes for a mate at the expiration of six years' sea service. The examination ho then undergoes is that qualifying him for a lieutenant's commission, which he might receive aL nineteen years of age ; but it is by selection only, made by the Board of Admiralty, that he can obtain this rank. If he should be selected for a lieutenant's commis sion, he becomes eligible, after a service of two com plete years at sea in that rank, for promotion to the commission of commander, which is also regulated by selection ; and with one complete year's service at sea as commander, he is eligible for the rank of captain, also upon selection. From this last rank the promotion to the flag is now regulated by seniority ; the captain obtaining the com mission of a flag officer, or being placed upon the retired list of rear-admirals, according to the period of his sea service as a captain. The promotions to the flag, and the advancement of the various classes of flag-officers, take place contempo raneously with the general brevets of the army. Previously to February, 1830, the promotions in the navy were in no respect limited to any fixed establish ment for each class, but were regulated entirely by the discretion of the First Lord of the Admiralty, and the numbers promoted varied in each year, the Minister of the Crown responsible for the service having reference probably to the claims of the candidates rather than to the wants of the navy. The irregularity of these promotions will be seen in the following statement of the promotions of each class of commission officers, during the years from Ist Jan., 1816, to the Ist Jan., 1830, as delivered in to the Com mittee on Army and Navy Appointments, by Sir John Barrow, in 1833 : Statement of the promotions of Commission Officers of the Royal Navy, from Ist January, 1816, to the Ist January, 1830 : Ranks. Total Numbers. , ~ a ptains ............. 653 807 Commanders ............ Lieutenants ............ 2,670 ----- - It would be incorrect to attribute the inactivity of these officers entirely to a voluntary relinquishment of duty on their part, as there is no doubt that very many of them would have been fully prepared to serve if op portunities had been afforded to them ; but as we have shown that the proportion of the employed to the unem ployed is as small as 1 to 11 in one class, as 1 to 10 in the second, and as 1 to 6 in the last class, it must be quite obvious that any full-pay employment must have been qaite out of the reach of a very large number. With regard to the second point—viz., the time that has elapsed since the active employment of some of these officers, and the necessary change thereupon in the character of their half-pay, from a retaining fee to a pension, in consequence of desuetude, the following statement, also prepared from the Admiralty returns, will show how large a portion must be considered as per manently non-effective : Period passed since employment afloat. 1816'18171818 1 , 1819 , 1 1820 1821 , itp. a . ------- Midshipmen to be Lieu- + • - r t , t., • 7; .4 7; Rank. _,,••-• -2 ~,0 F, 2 040 b" 0 t‘i Total of Served tenants 85 E-. 5 ;, 4 ,1) c ''' , 4 "' ,,,,-"' '" preced- during Lieutenants to be Corn- manders 4 .. , c•N 0 •-• c: : : , '"' ~-, ing Co- last 10 6 n " "" lumns. Years. Commanders to be Cap- j 1 tains —...... —.—. —. ---7 - --1— Captains ...... .. 683 12 237 55 981 402 281 Commanders '... 807 34 299 65 126 1 524 283 1823 18'24 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 -- Lieutenants X 2879 57 1257 153 354 1821 1058 Midshipmen to be Lieu- +— _ tenants, 14369 103 1793 1 , 273 578 2747 1622 Lieutenants to be Com- !. 'With this return before us, which shows that about Commanders to be Cap- I one-half of the officers of the Navy have never served tains.... Aloat for nearly fifteen years, and that very nearly t General promotions in these years. 2.000 have not served afloat for more than twenty In February, 1830, a regulation was introduced by With this return before us, which shows that about ore-half of the officers of the Navy have never served Aloat for nearly fifteen years, and that very nearly 2,000 have not served afloat for more than twenty years, we feel it impossible to doubt that whatever difficulties may have been presented to their obtaining employment, a very large number indeed must regard their position as one of retirement upon half-pay for the re mainder of their lives. f' General promotions in then yeb. In February, 1830, a regulation was introduced by the Board of Admiralty, which restricted the promo tions to one-third of the vacancies in the superior class ; so that from that time only one captain, one commander, or one lieutenant, can be made for every three casualties or removals from the lists of any of these ranks. There are, however, the following exceptions to this restriction :-Ist. Officers distinguishing themselves by brilliant service. 2d. Three officers annually pro moted for services in the coast guard. 3d. Death vacancies on foreign stations. 4th. A lieutenant or a midshipman, at the nomination of the commander-in chief at each of the home ports ; or of an admiral, on his being relieved on a foreign station, and striking his flag. sth. General promotions. It is obvious that, in peace time, the first exception can operate but little to advance naval promotion, The capture of slavers, or the prosecution of successful voyages of discovery, or for scientific purposes, furnish the only opportunities for acquiring claims to be re cognised under this exception ; but it is a valuable re servation of that right of selection which we consider to be judiciously placed in the Minister's hands, to enable him to reward merit or gallant conduct. The promotions for Coast Guard service, not being granted exclusively for naval duties, can scarcely be taken into account as forming part of the system of naval promotion. The promotion to death vacancies on foreign stations is, in effect, equivalent to the practice of the army, con sistently with which the vacancies in the regimental establishments are filled generally by promotion when the casualties occur on foreign service, the difference between the navy and army system in this respect being merely one of degree. The very large portion of the army employed in the colonies, and their protracted ser vice there, will undoubtedly be productive of a larger proportionate mortality, and will afford, consequently, greater prospect of advancement to casualties than will result from the comparatively limited colonial service of the navy. The propriety of maintaining this ex ception to the restriction upon naval promotion is ap parent, as it is consistent with the practice adopted in all the other services. Taking the service, therefore, as a whole, which, as we have already explained, we are, from its construc tion, obliged to do, and considering the large admixture of inefficient officers necessarily to be found in each clas3, we see no reason to declare this inefficiency of the navy as at all greater than might naturally be ex pected from an examination so conducted as to embrace both the available and the retired officers. At the same time it is our duty to apprise your Ma jr!s'y, that if any circumstances should occur requiring naval armaments of the magnitude employed during the last war, and en the scale adapted to the character of this country, it would be necessary to make probably very extensive promotions, for which ample materials -will be found in the numerous able and accomplished officers of every rank in the fleet, so as to place the entire service on a footing commensurate with the ex pectations which the past services of the British navy, under its long hoc of illustrious leaders, have engen dered, and to secure the continued possession of that vast colonial empire, for the acquisition of which the country is so materially indebted to its exertions. hiving given. this brief sketch of the present condi tion of the navy as regards the efficiency of its officers, we propose to trace the course of promotion, step by gep, from the entry of the volunteer as a tana on board a ship of war, until he shall take his place as an officer, 1 .ii;cl be finally elevated to his flag. It is shown in the regulations for the government of the sea-service that the officers of your Majesty's navy are divide,' into three classes, viz., commission officers, warrant officers, and petty officers. 'Foking those ranks only wh ose c l a i m s would appear to come within the limits of the inquiry, for which the Commission has been instituted, the first class com prises fl l c, officers, commod ores ( a t em p orar y rank), r , captains, commanders, and lieutenants. In the second class will be found master, secretar i es (a temporary ap pointment), medical officers, chaplains, pursers, mates. In the third, or petty officers' class, will be found mid shipmen, masters' assistants, volunteers of the first class. It is in this class of petty officers that the young gentleman destined for the naval service must com mence his career. The fourth exception is no more than a reasonable compliment to a flag-officer on striking his flag, and re quires no comment from us. The fifth and last exception to the restriction on naval promotion, occurs on the occasion of general promo tions. It is the usual practice on such occasions to confer promotion on an undefined number of the classes of naval officers who are promoted by selection. These promotions are entirely made at the discretion of the First Lord of the Admiralty, assisted by his naval colleagues. We have called for statements calculated to exhibit the extent of promotion which the selections made on these occasions have conferred during the last ten years, and we do ❑ot find that they have been made sparingly. In 1830, contemporaneously with the flag promotion of the 22d of July, there were the following promotions of selected officers : According to an order from die Board of Admiralty of the 7th of February, 1838, the following arc the ouulber of volunteers of the first class, allowed as a part of the peace establishment of each ship : First rate Second rate 5 Sixth rate Third rate Fourth rate and the total number serving on the Ist of January, 1839, is stated to have been 147. It was formerly the practice to allow a captain or oammander, on first commissioning a ship, to nominate tho %vhole of this class, with the exception of those vo!unteers selected by the Admiralty from the Naval College ; and the consequence was, according to the ,!,,idence, that the captains generally selected their own friends, and that it was very difficult to obtain appoint ments for volunteers of the first class who had pre viously been at sea. The only stipulation was, that the captain's nominations were subject to the approval of the Board of Admiralty. Commanders to be captains, 13 ; lieutenants to be commanders, 20 ; mates to be lieutenants, 24. In 1837, on the 10th of January, with the flag pro motions—Commanders to be captains, 25 ; lieutenants to be commanders, 25 ; mates to be lieutenants, 25. And on the 28th of June, 1838—Commanders to be captains, 35 ; lieutenants to be commanders, 50 ; mates to be lieutenants, 60. In naval promotions it is to be observed that all ad vancement is to substantive rank, and is accompanied with pecuniary advantage ; whereas, in the army or ordnance corps, the brevet rank which is given at periods of general promotion is not substantive rank, as we have shown in our reports upon those services, and, ex cept in the instances of the colonels upon half-pay being made major-generals, or the captains made brevet majors, carries with it no increase of pay whatever. The grant of substantive rank, which is the effect, or rather the accompaniment of a general promotion in the navy, renders this boon a more valuable one than that conferred by brevet advancement in the army, a point which should not be lost sight of in estimating the comparative position of the officers of the two services. i nistsluleedllatnhoorfdeor,cdt r b e e c r t , i g lB t 3 h 4 a , t the i n Board ship,of cdnm r t n h ( ) ) . mis , aoned after that date, in which volunteers of the first c lass were allowed, only one fresh entry into the service should be made on the nomination of the captain or eommaiang officer, and that the remainder of the com plement should be selected by him from young gentle men who had previously been at sea. By order of the 13th of October, 1837, a similar pri vilege of nominating one volunteer of the first class as a first entry into the service was allowed to each flag offi cer on hoisting his flag. In addition to the youths thus appointed to the naval service, the Board of Admiralty nominate annually twenty-five volunteers of the first class, in lieu of those who were formerly received from the college, and this is stated to be equal to the average annual number admit ted from that college while it existed in latter years. Under this system of restriction, it is calculated that About 55 fresh appointments ape made every year, 30 hcillg nominated by the captains, and 2.5 by the Admi ralty. After two years' service at sea, and at fourteen years Of ,I g o, the volunteers of the first class may be rated as midshipmen by order of the Lords of the Admiralty, or by the commanders of her Majesty's ships and vessels. The advancement is given if the volunteer has con ducted himself properly, and after an examination. The total number of midshipmen in the service on the Ist of January, 1839, was 239. When the youth has been six years at sea as a volun teer and midshipman, he is eligible to undergo an exami nation for seamanship, as a q ualification for a lieutenant's commission ; and if he should pass this examination, he is, if abroad, entitled, according to the naval regulations, to claim a warrant, under the hand of the captain or commander of the vessel, appointing him to the rank and rating of a mate. But he is bound, within two months after his arrival in England , to undergo a ma thematical ex am i na ti on to secure the co nfirmation of his p os iti on as a ma t e , which, in effect , i s that of a passed midship man , e li g ible for the rank o f a lieutenant. The capt a i n may w ithh o ld the warrant if the midship man's conduct shall not have been good. The ac t ua l num b er o f mates serving on the lst of January, 1839, was 569. The nav a l can did a t e i s by this step removed from the thi r d, or c l ass o f petty officers, to the second, or class of w arrant o ffi cers. When a ma t e i s unemp l o yed, he is completely out of the service ; he has no hold upon it, and he cannot he compelled to serve ; and it may be inferred, that, without some restriction on the power of the command ing officer to select mates and m idshipmen for his ship at his discretion, difficulties must have occurred in the way of mates desirous of re-employment when their chips were paid off. (TO BE CONTINUED.) FLANDERS AND DUTCH MAIL. THa HAGUE, APRIL 19.—We learn that the an swers of the Government to the observations of the Sections on the Budget have been transmitted to the Second Chamber of the States-General. It is said that the answers are not very decisive, but that the Govern ment has made some changes in the projects of law. FRANKFORT, APRIL 16.—Michelis, formerly Chap lain to the Archbishop of Cologne, is released from his confinement in the fortress of Magdeburg, and the pro vince of Saxony being assigned to him to choose his residence, he had fixed upon Erfurts, where he is to be under the spiritual superintendence of the Bishop of the diocese. We hear from Darmstadt that the Russian Crown Prince will pass some time in the Grand Duke's family before he goes to Ems, where the Empress of Russia is expected by the middle of June. DUTCH FUNDS.—Amirritanan, APRIL 18. Money. Bills. Actual Debt, 2.4 per Cent Ditto, ditto 5 per cent. Amort Syndic,46 per cent 904 In Ditto, ditto, 35¢ per cent 75% 751 i Commercial Company, 46 per cent.— Ditto (1832 and 1833) 5 per cent........... 101% 10134 Ditto 1837, 5 per cent Loan 1837, 5 per cent. 07% 97 3 4 Exchange on London, One month ll 97 56 Two months —Dutch Papers, April 21. PRUSSIAN FUNDS.—BERLIN, APRIL 16. Bills. Money. St. Schuld. Sch., 46 per cent. IO4 IE 103% Prussian English Loan, 1830, 4 per cent 1030 104 lixchange on London, three months 6 19% —Prussian State Gazette, April 19. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—VIENNA, APRIL 11. Five per Cents. Metalliques Fon: per Cents Three per Cr 'its. 8234 Bank Shares lB3l --Altgemeine Zcitung, April 16. We may congratulate the infantry of the li ne on the likelihood of percussion muskets soon becoming v _ neral for the whole army, upon which the authorities have lately determined, and the 42d Royal Highlanders have the good fortune to be the first reg►ment selected to receive them. The musket now in possession of the 42d is of that very su perior description, "the long land toner."—Naval and Mai_ tary Gazette. LARGE TROUT.—On Monday last a trout, of the extraordinary weight of 231b5., was caught in Hallowstell fi , hing rater at the mouth of the Tweed. The weight of th e largest trouts usually caught seldom exceeds eight or ten lbs.—' Berwick Advertiser. _ - To secure to some of the mates an opening for the corn- 1 re employment, and t o provi d e f o r their being among the warrant and petty o ffi cers com petent persons for a ship's m du ir t a ie lt a y , e on re :h u e la i t B in t n h wDaeseeisusitibecdr, by 18;i fi ß xi o n a g rd of Ad plement of mates and midshipmen for the various ships SYNOD OF GLASGOW AND AYR. FRIDAY, APRIL 17. CANADA CLERGY RESERVES. Mr. ROSE brought forward an overture, which was in the following terms :—" It is humbly overtured to the very Reverend the Provincial Synod of Glasgow and Ayr, met in the Synod at Glasgow, this 14th day of April, 1840, that they petition Parlia ment against any Bill or Bills, relating to the Canada Clergy Reserves, which may propose on the one hand to endow Popery and other erroneous systems not re cognised by law, or on the other to confine the proceeds of the sale to the Church of England alone, to the exclusion of the Church of Scotland, which being thoroughly Protestant, and an Established Church of the empire, has equal civil rights with the Church of England." He should be glad if the overture should be carried without discussion. Mr. APNAUGHTAN could not allow the overture to pass without noticing the insult which had been heaped upon them by those men called Bishops, who sit in the House of Lords, but who would, i❑ his opinion, be better employed elsewhere. The opinion of these Learned Spiritual Lords, or Civil Lords (or whatever they are) concerning the main clause in the Act, was not to be thrust upon them so easily as they might ima gine. Having read the clause in the Act which bears on the subject of the reserves, the Reverend Gentleman urged on the Court to go forward and demand their rights. They were the " Protestant" clergy, not the clergy of the Church of England, according to the true meaning of the term. Dr. FLEMING had a word to say as to the necessity of their taking steps to assert their rights. When the opinion of the Judges was to be taken as to the mean ing of the word " Protestant," it was necessary that they should state what was their conviction in regard to the meaning of that word, as well as the clergy of England. Let it be remembered that this was a Bri tish Act, passed after Canada was conquered by the arms, the blood, and the treasure of this country, and the word " Protestant" in that Act was meant to apply to the Established Churches of England and Scotland. He held that it was the most important matter which could come before them. Were they to be abused and considered as no Church at all ? Were they to sit silent under such imputations? No. Let them stand by their rights when they were invaded—those rights confided to them by the Act of 1791. Let them send to Parliament the opinion of the Synod, and let it be placed before the Judges who were to determine as to the meaning of the term " Protestant." Mr. DUNCAN would not be a party to addressing the term spiritual lord to any man, as he held it to be con trary to the Scriptures. He therefore protested against their employing that term in any petition which might be adopted on the subject. Dr. SIbIYTII thought they should make a strong de claration against the monstrous doctrine laid down by the Bishop of Exeter in the House of Lords. They had been assailed in many quarters, and the most con tumelious attacks had been made upon them in regard to the situation of the Church in this natter. The overture having been unanimously adopted, a petition was read and approved, and a Committee was named to transmit it for presentation. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. (LLOYD'S.) VESSELS SPOKEN wirn.—The Genevieve from Valpa raiso to Bordeaux, 2d January, lat. 41 S., long. 45 W. ; Star, Monte Video to Cork, Feb. 17,1 at. I 1 S., long. 37 ; Provence, Bordeaux to Rio Janeiro, with loss of foretop mast, &c., 29th, lat. 1 S., long. 30 ; Eucharis, Havre to Guadaloupe, 13th ult., lat. 22 N., long. 40 ; Joaquim, Terceira to Rio, 23d, lat. 27, long. 34 ; Ophelia Anne, Mauritius to London, 14th inst., lat. 47, long. 13 ; Jem Crow, Cuba to Swansea, 15th, with loss of mainsail, jib boom, &c. by the Regulus, arrived off Scilly ; Amethyst, Cuba to Swansea, out fifty days, with loss of two boats, bulwarks, and other damage, four men overboard, by the Rebel, Long, arrived off Plymouth ; Ruby, bound to St. Kitts, 12th inst., lat. 46, long. 11 ; Emma, bound to the Cape of Good Hope, 13th, lat. 47, long. 9, by the Caroline Newton, arrived in the river ; Europe, of Scar bro', 6th inst., lat. 48, long. 10, by the G. Ramsey, arrived at Bristol; Victoria, Blakely, Liverpool to New York, 6th inst., lat. 42, long. 51 ; Orion, of Nantes, 27th Sept., 1,400 barrels ; Mouse, of Havre, same day, 1,200 barrels ; John Cockrill, of Havre, 30th, 600 barrels ; Gus tave, 21st Oct., one whale and 230 barrels; Ketos, of Nantes, 29th, 1,400 barrels ; Cousin, of Havre, 31st, one whale and 200 barrels ; Ville de Rennes, 18th Nov., one whale and 2,300 barrels; Indian, Reine, Rotterdam to Batavia, 18th Feb., lat. 10, long. 33, by the Albatross, arrived at Havre. EAST INDIA SHIPPING. Arrivals.—The Patriot Queen, Hoodless, from Bengal, at Liverpool, sailed 31st December, St. Helena 2d March ; Thomas Blyth, Hay, from Mauritius, off Dartmouth, sailed 23d January, St. Helena 25th February ; Mary Bulmer, Cant, from Mauritius, off Falmouth, sailed Ist January, Cape of Good Hope 29th January • Ranges, May, from the South Seas, in the Downs, sailed from Tiraol 3d Nov., St. Helena in February. Arrivals at St. Helena.—The Shepherd, Jardine, 2sth Feb. from Swan River, and sailed 29th for London ; Fre derick, Hath, 28th Feb. from the Cape, and sailed 29th for London ; Sir Colin Campbell, Pentecost, 29th, from Bombay, and sailed, 29th, for Liverpool ; Hooghly, Roubon, March, from Calcutta, and sailed for Marseilles. Arrivals off the Cape of Good Hope.—The Hereford. shire, Chapman, Feb. 16, from Bombay to London; Cygnet, Purss, from Mauritius to Bristol. Arrivals at Mauritius.—The William Gales, Jolly; Sep. pings, Rawlins, from Calcutta ; Countess of Durham, Johnstone, Jan. 14, from the Cape, and sailed 17th, for Calcutta ; Gironde, Pacilly, 15th, from Bordeaux, and sailed, 17th, to Bourbon ; Argo, Billing, 16th, from New South Wales; Olive Branch, Lindsay, 16th, from the Cape; Hooghly, Bayley, 19th, from Calcutta; Alcide, Jude, 26th, from Bourbon. Departures from Mauritius.—The Jeunc Antoinette, Jan. 13th, for Seychelles; Hero of Malown, Grunde, for Coborn, ditto ; Quatre Freres, De Vanarin, for Bourbon ; Isabella, Dickinson, for Calcutta; Theodore and Eugene, 17th, for Nantes ; Elizabeth, Hare, 17th, for London ; Olympe, Dupeyaat, for Bout bon; Sarah, Walker, 18th, for Pondicherry ; Paris, 18th, and Gol, 19th, for Bour bon ; Richard, Mount, 19th, for London ; Donna Crame lita, 20th, for the Red Sea ; Christopher, Rawson, for Moulmein. Vessels Loading.—The Tar, Onyx, Malabar; Fifteen, Ruby, Irwell Grove; Falcon, and Olive Branch, for Lon don ; Venerable, for Cork ; Dawson, and Potentate, for Sydney ; Mary Ann, for Port Adelaide. Arrival at Pont de Galin, Ceylon.—The Isabella, Sex ton, Jan. 17th, from Colombo, and sailed, 19th, for London. . . Departures from Table Bay, Cape of Good Hope.— The Tartar, Edwards, Jan. 11th, for London ; Warrior, 12th, for Mauritius. Departures from Sydney, Now South Wales.--The Psyche, Stephenson, Oct. 24th, for Singapore ; Sultan, Poole, for Manilla. SPORTING IN IRELAND.-Among the nume rous claims which Ireland presents to the attention of the summer-tourists, none are so conspicuous, yet so little known and appreciated, a 3 her sporting attractions. The want of specific information on this interesting point is about, we un derstand, to be very ably and agreeably supplied by the pub-. lication of an entirely novel and original work, entitled " The Sportsman in Ireland." It opens, we are assured, entirely new ground to the British Sportsman, at the same time that it presents the reader with views of the actual condition .of the Irish peasantry in the remote and little-known districts, which are as curious and interesting as they are anomalous. The angler, in particular, will, we believe, find this work pecu liarly to his taste. WOMAN AND HER MASTER."—The regret which has long been felt at the temporary cessation of Lady Morgan's literary exertions is at length removed, by the publi cation of a work, the title and subject of which promise a most happy adaptation to the display of those brilliant qualities which have ever characterized the pen of this most popular and dis tinguished of our female writers. Woman—her rights and duties—her position and influence in society—her capacities and characteristics—her relative claims as regards the natural or assumed position of her would-be Lord and Master, Man. Such is the theme which this accomplished and eloquent writer has chosen for her latest and most matured work ; and she pur sues it through all times and countries, with a boldness of thought and a brilliance of style that promise the most striking results. CORN-LAWS.—In two days, the 30th and 31st of March, 1,309 petition■ were presented for the pelmet of the Corn-laws, with 510,914 signatures, a fact perhaps without precedent in the annals of Parliament. The whole number of petitions to the 31st of March inclusive, for the repeal o these laws, was 2,141, the signatures, 980,353. Tho peti tions against repeal to the same date were 2,886, the signa tures, 188,051. The petitioners for the repeal are, to the petitioners against it, fully as five to one. It is worthy of re mark that the Times has at last completed its apostacy by abandoning its opposition to the Corn-laws. For some years it had in its city article at least once a fortnight, a compa rison of the prices of the best and second qualities of wheat in the London, Dantzic, and Hamburgh markets, which ge nerally showed that corn was dearer in London than on the Continent, by 60, 80, Sr even 100 per cent. The dif. ference was, perhaps, always exaggerated and the per cent age was not left to be inferred, but was put down distinctly and paraded in the most conspicuous manner. These ar ticles, which must have been peculiarly offensive to the supporters of the Corn-laws, were continued for some years after the journal changed its politics, but they have at length been quietly dropped, and at a time, too, when, from the state of the markets, they would have told more powerfully on the public than at any period for the last ten years. Dr. Paley, who was honest in many things, acknowledged that he could not afford to keep a conscience—meaning a whole con science ; but our brother of the broad-sheet is in a still more unfortunate predicament, for he has parted with the last rag and tatter of his ! Scotsman. DANCING GIRLS OFTAIIORE.—In the course of the afternoon, the Maharajah's head man came by his master's orders to know if we should like to see his dancing girls, adding, that four of them who had lately arrived from Cachemere were very handsome. Accordingly, after dinner, we repaired to a terrace on the banks of the canal, where we found eight young ladies assembled, and a display of fire-works prepared for our amusement on the opposite bank. The four Cachemerian girls were very pretty; and one of them, Sabhoo by name, would have been thought beautiful anywhere. They were richly and gracefullydressed in scarlet and gold embroidered shawl dresses, with large and enormously loose petticoats i of handsomely worked silk. Their head ornaments - werr d sin ! u th a e r and very becoming; their glossy black hair hangingarr small back in a number of long plaits, with gold coins str q oas bunches of pearls suspended to the ends, enormous ra I pearls and of pearl for ear-rings, and large gold rings, with several are emeralds very fair,attachedw with o expressivethem, countenances, throught o c ob n dy 9s t e e lovely eyes, but their beauty is much disfigurednen of covering the which prevails amongst all the Mogul largeeu 'theystaonm lower ey Phil with gold leaf, whirls appear ance.— Osborne's Court and Camp of u gives'nl wome n o f gshiasngtl.y EVENING EDITION• CORN A I VERA GEb. --... 61i:NERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH C 0,114 ' . For the Week ended April 1 7 , 1840 , made up from; the Returns the inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in Englane and Wales, per Imperial Quarter. Wheat 69.5. 66 Oats Barley IMPERIAL AGGREGATE AVERAGES OF THE !IX WEE)Ca PRECEDING. Wheat......... 685.11 d. Oats .., 25,. gd. 8ean5......... 415. sd; Barley 39.3.10d. I Rye '37s I 4d. Pease ......... 405.. lb, DUTIES ON FOREIGN CORN. Wheat ..... ~.. 16s. Bd. Oats Barley 3s. I 4d. Rye THE MARKETS. COAL s,d 1 Adair's Buddies West Hartley i6) 0 Carr's Hartley 2O 1' Holywell Main l9 f Leazes Main l5 6 Original Windsor's Pontop 18 s Ord's Hedhugh Pontop Windsor s, 18 or Smith's Pontop l7 fi Tantield Moor 22 f West Hartley 2O r Willington 2O 9 Wylani , lll Walls End Brown's' l7 5 Walls End Gosforth Walls End Hotspur Walls End Percy Bensham 18 6 Walls End Riddell's Ships arrived since Walls End Belmont .......... walls Endßraddyll'sHetton 42 9 1 Walls End Haswell ............ 23 Walls End ........ 6 Walls End Lambton ...... Walls End Stcwart's ....... 1 9 6 l'ennant's H a rt1ep001........: \NUN End Atielaide: .......• 22 Walls End Barrington Tees 19 A \Nall., End Seymour Tees ... Walls End Tees. ................ 22 1 9 Cowpenl# 0 . 1 Hartley . 29 0 Nevill's Llanelly ............... 0 Park Gate ..................... 17 0 Walls End Devonshire ...... 9 Walls End Killingworth ... 1 9 ' 6 last market-day, 9 LARKET. COUNTRY CORN MARKETS. Wheat. IBarley. 1 Oats. I Beans. Pease . ----- Per Quarter. s. to s. s. to Y. s. to s. a. to s. sto , Boston Braintree 64 74 34 44 26 32 34 42 36 4 . A 0 B, ighton 6B 76 44 47 26 29 44 46 -- Cambridge — 68 35 24 38 ':,' Chichester 65 72 38 44 28 29 43 44 41 44 Dunmow ...• Grantham • 68 70 28 35 20 30 49 -- Grimsby 5B 70 35 39 22 26 42 44 -- —",„ Hailsham Hitchin 64. 70 34 46 24 32 25 00 -- ; 0 Ipswich 62 7 0 36 32 24 28 38 40 3 8 '. Lewes 6B 79 43 22 29 34 40 ---- Lynn 62 70 32 34 24 28 40 44 40 42 Maidstone S9 76 36 39 26 32 40 50 -- ''''' Norwich Petworth Romford 64 76 32 44 21 32 34 44 3 ' Sandwich 56 77 34 43 27 34 33 45 38 40 Thetford 65 72 39 42 24 30 40 42 38 40 Wishech ....., 54 72 36 42 28 30 44 45 "'- Witham 66 70 32 43 28 33 36 40 38 41 Yarmouth 62 70 33 35 28 32 38 40 40 44 LIVERPOOL CORN MARKET.—ApriI 21. WHEAT, English, White, per 701 b. Red Scotch, Welch, and Manx Irish, White -- Red -- Foreign OATS, English, Welsh, and Scotch, per 451 b. 10 88356 9, 0053599.1.10 10 Scotch, Irish ... - ••• • A 31 g 1 Foreign ~ „ 34 44 33 45 40 42 144 45 36 40 38 40 .—April 21. 105 9 1 , OA. to 115.2 1 ,9 0 3 S 0 8 9 6 9 .7 6r 3 3 a Forel; ~ 8 3 11 3 OATS, English ' 3 5 4 ° 3 10 Irish .., ._ ...... Foreigi. BARLEY, English, Malting, per Imp. quarter 36 0 4 2 ( -- Scotch and Irish, pet 601hs. Feeding 4 0 4 0 Y BEANS, English, per Imperial quarter 46 0 50 Irish, &e. Foreign PEASE, English, per Imperial quarter 44 0 46 L,: Foreign ‘., FLOUR, English, per 2801 b. lrish OATMEAL, English and Irish, per 2401bs 32 0 Y i INDIAN Coax, per 4801 b. ...... ...... 42 0 44'. ‘, RYE, per Imperial quarter MALT, per Imperial quarter HULL CORN MARKET Wheat, White (per Quarter) Red sos. beg. (kg. Foreign s4s. 60s. 6Ne. Barley, Malting 323. 345. 3 5 s'' Grinding Oats, British Foreign (in bond) Beans 4os 445. 51:5. Pease, Grey Blue and White Linseed 39s. 40s 435. Flour (per sack) —s. 50s. 545, Rapeseed (per 10 quarters) 2ll. 241. 251. CHELTENHAM MARKETS. Per Bushel. s. d. to s. d.,1 Per lb. Wheat 7 9 9 3 barley 4 9 5 7 Oats 4 6 5 6 Beans.. 5O 0 66 Pease 6 0 6 0 d. to 41 - 8 Beef • 00000000 •••••• 6 ' Mutton Veal Pork Lamb Hay 31.105. to 51. Os. Od. per ton. CANTERBURY MARKET. Wheat, white 645. to 7G5. —s. to —I -565. to 68s. Old. 6ss. to 355. to 455. Grading.. —s. to --a -255. to 305. —5. to 42s to 445. 435. to —s 38s. to —l. 405. to 42s- CHELMSFORD 11.aRKET. Wheat, White 75 to 81 Oats Red 42 45 Beans, 3 77 Pease, Gray ............. 37 41 Barley '39 43 Chevalier Grinding Tick Whit e ..................... Barley, Malting--. Oats Beans Pease «..Yll.e. PAULINE GARClA.—lmmediately after her marriage with M. Vardiot this singer is to depart for ItlY• Her intended has a mission from the Minister o f the Interior, oonnected with the fine arts. TURBOT FISHING.—We are gratified to state that the turbot fishing on the coast in this vicinity has t in season, so far as it has gone, been unusually productive . Monday last one of the Burnmouth boats came to shore with no less than 65 of these fish, amounting in value, at (the price which the fishermen obtain for them), to w hi ' hu c,g few shillings of 101. The produce of each boat's fishing fhlr .ll l er the seasoa is contracted for by the dealers in Berwick and of places, by whom the fish are shipped per steamer to Lspd‘ 7ll ' where they generally fetch good prises . —Berwish ,ertzse d The police of Dewsbury, which were sta tione in that town a few weeks ago, have just been suspended. ".1 Wharncliffe, in remarking on the case, said, th a t it Would " much more charitable to apply the money rai se d f o r the pol i ce towards filling the bellies of the poor, and that those .vhcr wanted the police must maintain them from their own private purse, as no funds would be granted to such an object, either from the county's stock, or from a parish rate. Sir John Walsh, Bart., M.P., has subscribed 25/. towards erecting a new market House, at Presteign, Rad norshire. POWERFUL MUSICAL BOXES, in Wood Cases, Twelve Inches Long by Five Inches Wide, each playi n g Four Airs, with the mechanism finished.in a very superior man ner, are offered for Five Guineas Each. Also a few of the' description, larger sizes, at the following prices : Six Airs £ 7 7 Eight Airs Eight Airs extra, large l4 14 0 Three Overtures At T. COX SAVORY'S, Working Silversmith, Goldsmith, and Watchmaker, 47, Corn . " hill ( Seven doors from Gracechurch-street), London. N.8.--The small Musical Boxes, 3i Inches Long, Fonti n,7 selling in tin cases, price 19s. each, or in co mposition -sing' cases, t.)ss. each. A Catalogue containing a List of the Music may be ho_, gratis, or can be forwarded, post free, in answer to a pos t- p 5 application. SILVER PLATE of LONDON AIANUFA C " TORE.—A. B. SAVORY and SONS, Working G' Id . smiths, 14, Cornhill, London, opposite the Bank if ElleaLdi. The best wrought SILVER SPOONS and FORKS, ti";. Pattern, 7s. 2d. per ounce; the King's Pattern, is. 4 d• r e i , ounce. The following are the weight s recommended, but artcles may be had lighter sr heavier at th e sam e price per ounl oz. g. il ' 4 " $% 0 12 Fiddle Pattern Silver Table Spoons 30 at 7 2... 1 1 3 ~, 12 ditto Dessert ditto 20 7 2••• 7 . i t i 12 ditto Table Forks 3l 7 2 ... I' ''' II 2 ditto Dessert ditto 20 7 2 ... 7 ,, 11 0 2 ditto Gravy Spoons 1 ditto Soup Ladle 4 ditto Sauce ditto lO 7 P... 3 " b 1 • 4 ditto Salt Spoons (gilt strong) ............... • 2 10 ditto Fish Slice 12 ditto Tea Spoons 1 1 4 0 7 7 2 2 . ..... ; i i : 1 pair ditto Sugar Tongs (strong) ......7.. a . . .. 0 !'; 4 12 Ring's Patter s Silver Table Spoons 40 at 7 4... 14 1 9 12 ditto Dessert ditto "6 7 4... 4 l i 4 12 ditto Table Forks ...... ........ .40 7 4... 14 246 / 4... l i O S 12 ditto Dessert ditto 2 ditto Gravy Spoons l2 7 4... i $ e 1 ditto Soup Ladle ... .12 7 4... 4 4 ditto Sauce ditto l2 7 10... 414 A 4 ditto Salt Spoons (strong gilt) 3 h 6 1 ditto Fish Slice 12 ditto Tea Spoons l4 7 10... - it 1 5 1 pair ditto Sugar Tongs N.B. A Price Current, Stami. c i a s a N ews p a per, contai n ; ing drawings, and every informatisi: relative to the purcha", f e silver or Sheffield plate, may be h a d on app li ca tion, •r WO' v sent into the country, postage free, in answer to a paid letter. B IR T 173. On the 11th inst., at the Ilag,Maidenhead, Lady Phillirooret of a posthumous daughter. On the 19th inst., at Brimpton Lodge, Berks, the lady of John Barlow Shaw, Esq., of a son. lof On the 19th in s t., th e w if e o f Li eu t enan t H en ry Right'' the Bengal Engineers, of a daughter. o f On the 21st inst., at Newington-place, Mrs. Boyrionf a son. W hen_ On the 21st inst., at Theobalds, Herts, Mrs. R. nerd, of a dauhtr. On the 21st g ins e t., in Guildford-street, the lady of Josep h Biscoe, Esq., of a daughter. MARRIED. t o rs. On the 11th of Febru ar y l as t, a t C a lcutta, Edward re fifth Esq., of the Madras Civil Service, to Augusta Jan e ' f t he daughter of Sir J as p er Ni co ll s , K . C . 8., C o mmander Forces. On the 9th inst., at Leghorn, the Rev. John Will i am La Touche, rector of Montrath, Queen' s C oun ty, Ireland , t o ,e' E ' o , i , zabetb, eldest daughte r o f Al exan d er Bowker, of "' n ' Lynn, Norfolk. On the 2 st inst., at St. Mary's, Bryanston-squar e, the eldest son of George ShunsStG.ey, E sq ., of Ham - c °6 l l ,rr Surrey, and Arcot, Northumberland to Emma, eldest da u g of the late Robert Chester Cooper, Esq., of Brighto n, Su" r e On the 21st inst., at St. George's Church, Hanover-squat the Rev. W. Marsh, inst., th D e .D ß . e , v t . o jtohhenLiad.ywrteLhoiuis,a Cadogan• A „ na On the 21s A. m., Grives, younger daughter of the late Rev. W. Harrison, P chaplain of St. Savio, at ur's, llackthorn, the Rev. Cha rles M. G. Southwark. Jarvis, second son of G. R. P. Jarvis, Esq., On roft, Hall, Lincoln, to Augusta, second daughter of Robert Crac Esq., of Haekthorn and Harrington, in the sane couety.o. On the 22d inst., at St. Pancras, Arthur Burrows,o.l,lL.,.' r late coln',..inn, barrister, youngest son of Dr. Burrows,ofte'eFl— to Frances Diana, youngest daughter Major Bromley, of the Bombay army. Edward On the 22d inst., at All Souls, Langbam-iliac e, Lionel Wells, Esq., barrister-at-law, of the I‘ o. ,id,_,d i r e ebb i rg a l l e l, second son of the late Dymoke Wells, Esq.. " Of Doddington l L at in e c o o f ln s , ta to pl ika et l on ry& s ze l l ierefoi dest daughter of John Galling , Elq•P DIED. On the 19th inst., at Roehampt o wife of Henry Stafford Northcote, Esqn, Mrs. Northcote, ~ eldest so n of Sir SAI , the ford Northcote, Bart. On the 19th inst., the Rev. George Shute, of Worcestershire. Catherine, On the 20th inst., at Manningford Bruce, Wilts, relict of the late Mr. Francis Falkner, of Bath, aged 88. ..., On the 20th inst.. Mary, the eldest twin daughter of lur. Bowyer Newburn, Green-terrace, New River, s clicitor. , On the 20th inst., in Effra-road, Brixton, Elizabeth, widow of the late Mr. Thomas Taylor, of Denmark-hill, Surrey, aged 55 On the 20th inst., in Lower Brook-street, Emma, the coil Littleton, On the 20th inst. , at Sheering Hall, Ess ex, d a ughter of Francis Burnand , Esq. , aged 5 . Mr. Pet er Pavitt, aged 63 . On the 21st inst., at Great Russ e ll-street, Blo omsbury, surgeon, Sophia, relict of the late Mr. Whitbread, sur o f St. Al ban's, Huts, aged 93. On the 9th inst., at Earl's -terrace, Kensington, Mrs. Eliza- On beth Wallace Gould, relict of the late Blissett Wil liam Go Esq., of Brentford- bntts, aged 87. ------- , London : Printed and Publisher! by MITIMO YOUNG, No. 112, Strand, at The Sun. Office, No. 112, .Strand in dna county et Middlesex.—Thursday, - April 23, 1840 1 _ , 1