The Sun. — London, England, 1857-02-19 00:00:00

SCINDE RAILWAY COMPANY. At the second Annual General Meeting of the above Ccmpauy, held at their Offices, Gresham-House, Old Broad-street, on Wednesday, February IS, ISS7 — W. P. ANDREW, Esq., id the Chair— The following Resolutions were carried unanimously : Proposed by the Chairman, seconded by 11. B. E IFre,re, Esq., Commissioner of Seinde • - That this meeting receive and adopt the Report and Accounts of the Directors. Proposed by the Chairman, seconded by Charles Norris Wilde, Esq.— That Sir Herbert Maddock, M.P., and J. Edmund Ander don, Esq., be reelected Directors of this Company. Proposed by Frederic Warren t. Esq., seconded by the Rev. William Bentley— That Alexander Mackenzie, Esq., be re-elected an Auditor of this Company. Proposed by the Chairman, seconded by Sir Herbert Maddock, M.P.-- That this meeting des're to record their acknowledgments to H. 13. E. Frere, Esq., Commissioner of Scinde, for his readiness in attending this meeting, and for the valuable in formation he has imparted thereto. Proposed by Major-General Tremenheere, late Chief Engineer, Punjaub, seconded by Alexander Denoon, Esq. — That the best thanks of this meeting be tendered to the Chairman and Directors for the ability and zeal with which they have conducted the business of this Company. Proposed by H. B. E. Frere, Esq., seconded by Charles Norris Wilde, Esq.— That the cordial thanks of this meeting be tendered to W. P. Andrew, Esq., for his able and courteous conduct in the chair. _ . . W. P. ANDREW, Chairman. THOS, BU KNELL, Secretary. Gresham-House, Old Broad-street, Feb. 18, 1857. (Signed) THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY LANE.— Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. Acting M.lna4Ter, Mr. C. Mathews. Stage Manager, Mr. R Roxby. Scenic Artist, Mr. W. Beverley. _ _ The eminent Comedian, Mr. Charles Mathews, every evening. Great Success of the Grand Christmas Pantomime, the most magnificent ever produced on the English stage. THIS EVENING, her Majesty's Servants will perform an entirely new three-act Drama, entitled THE BLACK BOOK. Characters by Mr. C. Mathews, A. Younge, G. Honey, Mr. Vincent, Mr. Tilbury, Mr. Lingham ; Misses Cleveland and M. Oliver, and Mrs. Selby. After which will be produced SEE, SAW, MARGERY DAW ; Or, Hatlequin Holiday, and the Island of Ups and Downs. The reduced prices as follows, varying throughout the house to suit every one :—Galleries, 6d. and Is. ; Second Circle of Boxes, ls. 6d. ; Pit, 2s. ; First Circle of Boxes, 2s. 6d. ; Dress Boxes, 3s. ; Stalls, is. ; Private Boxes, 108. 6d., I'. ls., 1/. lls. 6d., and 21. 25.1 THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. THIS EVENING, to commence at Seven, with the successful new Comedy, in three acts, entitled, DOUBLE-FACED PEOPLE. Characters by Mr. Buckstone, Mr. Chippendale, Mr. Compton, Mr. W. Farren, Mr. Rogers, Mr. Clark, Miss Reynolds, Mrs, Poynter, and Mrs. E. Fitz wil lam, Followed by (4th time) a new drama, called A WICKED WIFE. After which (MI time) the new comic pantomime, entitled THE BABES IN THE WOOD, or Harlequin arid the Cruel Uncle. The scenery of the opening story painted by Mr W. Callcott. The pantomime produced under the direction of M. Milano. Harlequin, M. Milano ; Columbine, Fanny Wright ; Pantaloon, Mr. Mackay ; and Clown, Mr. Driver ROY AL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. THIS EVENING will be performed A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. After which, a new grand Christmas Pantomime, called ALADDIN AND THE WONDERFUL LAMP; or, Hailcquin and the Genii of the Ring. Harlequin, Mr, Cormack ; Clown, Mr. Huline ; Pantaloon, Mr. Paulo ; Co. lumbino, Miss C. Adams. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. C. Dillon. THIS EVENING, will be performed a new play, in five acts, by Westland Marston, Esq., entitled A LIFE'S RANSOM. Lord Revesdale,! Mr. C. Dillon ; Bancroft, Mr. Stuart ; Felicia Revcsdale, Mrs. C. Dillon. To be followed by CONRAD AND MEDORA; or, Harlequin Corsair and the Little Fairy at the Bottom of the Sea. The burlesque opening by W. Brough, Fsq., ounded upon the ballet of Le Corsair, as produced at Her Majesty's Theatre. The harlequinade upon things in gene ral. The new and magnificent scenery painted by Mr. F. Fenton. Conrad (the Corsair) Miss Woo!gar Birbarto (his lieutenant) Mr. J. L. Toole Med ora Mrs. Charles Dillon Clowns Mr. H. Mai shall The box-office open da3y, from 11 to 5, under the super iktendenee of Mr. Chatterton, jun. Carriages conveying parties t the Private Boxes to set down at the State entrance in Burleigh-street. T HEATRE ROYAL. ADELPIII Lessee--Mr. Ben. Webster. THIS EVENING, will be performed the new and ori ginal comic drama, ca`lecl BARNEY THE BARON. Bar ney. O'Toole, Mr. Bartley Williams. After which, A NIGHT AT NOTTING-lIILL, in which Mr. Wright and Paid Bedford will appear. Followed by THE CUSTOMS OF THE COUNTRY. Melissa, Mrs Barney Williams. To conclude with MOTHER SHIPTON; or, Harlequin Knight of Love, and the Enchanted Whistle. Harlequin end Columbine (b la Watteau), Madame Celeste and Miss Wyndham ; Clown, Mr. Garden ; Pantaloon, Mr. Moreland; Scaramouch, Mr. Le Barr. Characters in the bur lesque by Mr. Paul Bedford, Mr. .1. Bland, Mr. R. Romer, Madame Celeste, Miss Wyndham, Miss Mary Keeley, Miss Kate Kelly, Miss Arden, &c. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE, , Lessees, Messrs. Shepherd and Creswick. THIS EVENING, VIRGINIUS. Virg,inins, Mr. Creswiek. After which, HARLEQUIN AND THE SUMMER QUEEN, Harlequin, Mr, F. Glover; Clown, Mr. Buck ; Pantaloon, Mr. Bradbury; the Pour Sprites, the Fillis Fa tally Columbines, Mesdames Marie and Agnes. CTR XND THE A.T RE. —Manag,er, M:. T. • Pavne.—This 'Evening will he per , 'Arreed a powerful new drama, THE PRIDE OF POVERTY ; or, The Real Poor of London, After which, DON'T LEND YOUR UMBRELLA. To cinclude with the immensely successful novel Burlesque Pantomime of THE MAGIC MISTLETOE ; or, Harlequin Humbug and the Shams of London. The Fairy Christmas, Miss E. Wilton ; Good Humour, Miss Norbury ; Mercury, Miss Cameron ; Humhng, Mr. Herbert ; Cant, Mr. Bolton ; Baron, Mr J. B. Johnstone ; Sir Roland, Mr. Clarke; Lord Love)., Miss Craven; Addcipste, Miss Cuthbert; Crambo, Master W. Edouin ; Lady A „Ines, Miss E. Jacobs ; Baroness, .Ir. G. Lee ; Furbilosa, Mr. J. Howard. Novel Harle • tiuinacle : Clown, Miss Cuthbert ; Little Clown, Master W Edouin ; Pantaloon, Mr. J. Clarke ; Harlequin, Miss Craven ; Columbines, Miss E. Jacobs and Mdle. Collison ; Premier Dauseuse, Mdle. Marie Charles. Commence at Seven. Stalls, 3s. ; Boxes, 2s. ; Pit, ls. ; Callcry, 6d. A morning performance of the Pantomime every Monday at two o'clock R OYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE Lessee, Mr. Alfred Wigan. THIS EVENING, a new drama, by Tom Taylor, Esq., called A SHEEP IN WOLF'S CLOTHING. Followed by tho now farce, by Bayle Bernard, Esq., called A SPLENDID INVESTMENT. A new Fairy Extravaganza, by J. R. Planebe, Egg., called YOUNG AND HANDSOME. Messrs. F. Robson, Rogers, Leslie, G. Cooke, Danvers. Misses Swauborougb, Thirlwall, St. Cazse, Castleton, Bromley, Maskell, and Mrs. Melfort. Commence at half-past Seven. ASTLETS ROYAL AMPH ITHEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke. THIS EVENING—A Performance crowned with signal success I—The operatic drama of ROB ROY, Illustrated by Mr. Win. Cooke's Trained Horses, and , acted :with the original music, with Mr. J. 11. Cooke's Great Bridge Act. After which, the Equestrian SCENES in the CIRCLE. To conclude with the equestrian comic pantomime of PAUL PRY ON HORSEBACK. Commer,cal at seven - o'clock. (Dress Boxes, 4s.'; Upper Boxes, 3s. ; Private Boxes, from 1/., no charge for booking ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. ; Upper Gallery, 6cl. Hos-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. Equestrian Director, Mr. W. Cooke, jun. CA.NTERBI7RY lIALL, We s tminster-road. — OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The follow ing cornPany of Vocalists are engaged for the performance of Selections from all the popular Operas, Madrigals, Cheiruses, MissMiles'Gle Duets, d rc . , v i z.: Mi ss E. Pearce, Mrs. J. C au lfi e ld, field D rnuell, Mi ss S ummers, an d M adame Marietta ; M r. J. Jones, ' TT — err P. Jonghmans, Tt, Gr over , T. F arr ant, S. J. ren de Solis., and E . I 'ker, W. Melling, P. Coni, Senor Antonio M. Corti ; Messrs. Sam L. Mile ; Masters Austin, Bennett, and Pianoforte, Mr. Cecil Hicks' • Collins E. Mackne. ,v and C. J. Wilkins. director Mr . J harmonium, J. Caulfield, jun.; , •J. Caulfield. ' Commence at Seven o'clock pre. ciselY. S uppers, dm., until twelve o'clock, 76ticta WATER, AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY—Morn. 37 min- aft. B—Evening 23 mid. aft. 9 DI-MOBBOW—Morn. 7 min. aft. 10 —Evoning 50 min.aft 10 . FEBRUARY 19. THE WEATHER—SuI; Opau t THSRMOULTER, TN MR SHADE, f4—highest since noon yesterdar, 47—lowest this morning and during the night. 49 —this day at noon. SARomrrzß, 30.08—rising. WTND, N. to N.E. Light, with dull weather. er• '* LONDON, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 18t7 Mr. GIADSTONE has joined issue with the Chanedlor of the Exchequer on the proposed aug mentation of the taa and sugar duties. The Right EPon. Gentleman has given notice that on going into Committee of Ways and Means, ho will move a resolution, that " the house will not grant any addition to the rates char-gable by the Cuatorus thoroughgoing a red-tapist to hesitate for a mc meat as to the course to be adopted. The appeal, therefore, must be to Parliament rather than t the Ministers ; and that appeal, we new hope and believe, will be fully and completely successful. But if there had been no Ministerial promise— no honourable understanding on the point, there are abundant reasons for refusing to disturb the arrangements ent‘,Ted int) respecting the tariff on tea. Nothing can be more injurious to the in terests of the consumer, as well as of the importer and dealer, than sudden and unexpected fluctua tions, that derange all the calculations of the trade, and occasioned very serious losses to all parties in any way concerned. The tea duty has been a perfect shuttle-cock for the last four years. No one could calculate, with any approximation to certainty, as to what might be the state of affairs, when the duty would become payable on the quantity for which he had transmitted orders to China. Many were alt')- gether deterred from that which became a gam bling speculation rather than a legitimate commer cial transaction, while those who carried out their intentions added a sufficient margin to cover the risk they were exposed t). A further alteration, such as that proposed by the Chancellor of the Ftehequer, will be productive of very injurious consequences, for if it be sanctioned no one can tell when or where the injudicious interference may terminate. Next year another change may take place. When the sharp end of the wedge has once been introduced it is impossible to estimate the possible results. Besides, a retrograde policy, manifested in the re-imposition of indirect im posts, should be nipped in the bud. The settle ment of 184 G is not to be disturbed. We trust, then, that Parliament may agree to Mr. GLAD STONE'S proposition, and distinctly and positively refuse t) sanction "any addition to the rates chargeable by the Customs Act of 1855, on the articles of tea and sugar." There is nothing like a little assurance. The Chancellor of the Exchequer, on Friday last, after the vast majority of the House had rushed out, and left not even a quorum on the benches, actually began t descant on his intended remissions of taxation. The truants had no idea of the intended consummation of the grand fiscal project. They just learned that for 1857-8 Mr. Chancellor meant to remit 9d. in the pound, or nine millions of Income Tax ; if, in deed, that could be called remission, which, with his " ratification" Act in his hand, he dared not demand. They learned also, that this so-called remission, left him two mil'ions of the War Income Tax yet remaining on the year 1857 and that he intended to retain that two millions per annum extra for two years more. Siz millions, therefore, of War In come Tax we are to pay after the deduction of the ninepence in the pound. Pretty well that. And of the nine millions given up, four millions is to Come back by 1860, when the tax, it is said, will cease ; and when at any rate it would cease under the GLADSTONE Act of 1853. But this is not all. We will take the three years for which he professes to legislite— namely, those which terminate back ermi nate by i 1861. What d oes he get of the nine milli ons he now pro ta p h o a s t e A s tpirmi t l o e, remit—he gets back in that time at least TWELVB MILLIONS ! more probably allowing for increased consumption from remission o Income Tax and growing commerce, fully FOURTEEN MILLIONS ! ! The 4,000,000/. of Income Tax he avows ; nearly Duties Act of 1855 on the articles of tea and 4,000,000/. he gains by the whole of the war rates sugar." This is meeting the question fairly and which he retains on tea. 4,500,0001. he as cer distinctly. It is far better than the compromise tainly gains by the war rate on spirits. These suggested by the deputation from the importers , amount to 12,500,0001. Allow half a million for and dealers in tea to Sir G. C. LEWIS. These sugar, coffee, &c., which we believe to be consi gentlemen were induced to agree to that middle Iderably under the mark, and a million for course in order to avoid the serious losses the increase in Excise and Customs, and which might otherwise be sustained in Iwe have fully FOURTEEN MILLIONS taken in three consequence of their undue confidence in I years for giving up nine millions this year. We the Parliament and Government of the are to pay, moreover, the 1,500,0001. on spirit 'country. But they ought to have relied on the duties in perpetuity. Sir CORNEWALL LEWIS iS justice of their cause, and insisted on the com- truly an admirable fiscal pawnbroker. He lends plete performance of the promises they had re- us some nine millions of our own money, and ceived, or at least of the honourable understand- takes it back in three years' time with full fifty'- ing entered into. Any departure from the five per cent. interest ! Thrifty sacrifice that straightforward course is to be deprecated, and The joke was, that Sir CORNEWALL gravely re although parties, threatened with a direct rob- counted to the House the reductions he had bery, may be willing to pay a species of " black made. " The total amount of taxation which I mail," in order to save a portion of their pro- propose to take off in the present year, &c.," said perty, Parliament ought not to sanction such a he, " will be found in the following table, and composition. forthwith he enumerated remissions of duty We yesterday explained the manner in which on malt, tea, coffee, and sugar, as well the importers and dealers in tea were induced to as on income. Had the Premier used enter into very extensive contract?, in consequence such language, we should naturally have set of the existing law, corroborated by a distinct and it down to waggery ; but, of course, no one sus positive answer from the Financial Minister, re• pects the worthy Baronet of that. The War specting the time when the reduced duties would Malt Tax, he well knew, was no remission of come into operation. If ever Ministerial faith his. It went, because, by the Act, go it were unequivocally pledged to a particular policy must, and he dared not dream of re it was that there should be no alteration, at all imposing it. On all the other articles he events, in the tea duties. Nor can any actually proposes to retain war rates of duty which sudden or unexpected emergency be alleged he has no legal title to at present, retaining a part so as to justify the contemplated change. even of the War Income Tax itself, and yet comes Ths revenue is, in every respect, as flourish- telling us of what he "takes off." Was "takes ing, and the reductions in the Naval and off" a blip of the tongue for " lays on !" for that Military Estimates as extensive as could reason- is the truth of the case. ably have been anticipated. Sir G. C. LEWIS Of course the necessary income must be raised could, therefore, on these grounds have no justi- somehow—only let us not be hoodwinked. Let fication for changing his mind. But the facts, us be told plainly that nine millions of coupled with the significant hints in the Times, war tax is to cease in one shape this as to the oscillations of the needle of the War year, but two millions of the same tax to remain. Income Tax settling steadily down at the point of Let us also be frankly t3ld that for the nine April, 1855, and the declaration that it was millions taken off fourteen millions are to be de utterly useless for the people to attempt t 3 struggle manded back again by 1861. But the question against- their destiny, prove beyond the possibility which must be unsparingly canvassed on Friday of doubt that the Financial Minister had made up next, and in the whole debate on the financial his mind to avail himself of the " pettifogging scheme, is, how the estimates can be safely reduced. quibble," respecting that which he now assures We have seen the effect on this year's estimates of the nation " was the result of a mere accident," the national declaration that it would not pay the and tie. t being driven from that slight conve.- ninepence. Equally salutary would be the decla nient entrenchment by the decided manifestation ration by Parliament that it would not pay more of the popular will, he fell back on the tea duties than fifty millions, or thereabouts, per annum. as a mode by which through another quibble, A committee on the estimates would soon teach even less defensible, he might recoup a consider- our Government hew to adapt them to a reason able portion of the 5,000,0001. he was about so able national income. ungraciously and unwillingly to surrender. It has been said, in defence of the course adopted, that "it was the duty of the Govern ment only to give a literal answer to a literal question, and that any allusion, however slight, to the possibility of modifications would have been liable to interested interpretations, and that it was not their business to remind commercial per sons that every fiscal settlement must always be liable to disturbance, to meet any change in the annual requirements for the service of the State ;" in other words, that the Government did not de ceive them, but merely allowed them to fall into the trap baited and prepared for their reception ! The weakness of this defence, which even an Old Bailey advocate might blush to put forward, shows the weakness of the cause itself. A high-minded and straightforward Gentleman would scorn to avail himself of such a plea ; and we aro convinced that in privat3 life Sir C. C. LEWIS would himself be the first to repudiate with just indignation any adviser that counselled him to take so unfair an advantage. But, unfortunately, it seems to be the red-tapist principle, that all is fair in politics, as well as in war ; and the Right Honourable Baronet is too The Reports of the Inspectors of Factories to the Home Secretary, for the half-year ending 31st October, 1856, now lie before us, and if net very creditable to our legislators, are of considerable interest to the community. The Inspectors are four in number, and from their joint Report it is our intention to extract most of the information we are about to lay before our readers. The attention of Sir G. GREY is specially called to the imperfections of the Act passed last session with regard to the fencing of mill-gearing and ma chinery. So ill adapted is the Act for the purposes contemplated that the Inspectors have felt it their duty not to take any proceedings in the way of reference to arbitration under it 1 According to the new statute, a young person, we are told, performing, in his " ordinary occupation," an act which brings him in contact with unfenced mill gearing, may still be compensated either by sum mary proceedings before a magistrate, or by an action at law for the bodily injuries ho may have sustained ; but if a young person be ordered, by the manager or other person in authority, to do an act not in the course of his "ordinary occupation," but which he dare not refuse to do, which brings him in contact with unfenced millgearing, and he is injured thereby, he has no redress ! In other words, persons who are well acquainted with the dangers their em ploymeut about machinery exposes them to are protected by law, while others who are forced to expose themselves to such dangers, in ignorance of them, and out of their ordinary occupation, have no protection whatever ! Well may the Inspectors: remark, such persons " being unable to protect themselves, would appear to require the especial protection of the Legislature." We should think so ! The public will agree with them in their opinion. During the last half year, and just before the passing of this precious Factory Act, an action, we are told, was tried in Dublin, in which da mages to the amount of 2001. were awarded to the plaintiff, aged 22 years, who had lost his arm by the neglect of his employers to fence securely a round polished horizontal shaft, revolving nine feet from the floor. Messrs. Ron- NER, HOWELL, REDGRA YE, and Sir J. KINCAID, the four English Inspectors, hearing of the suc cessful issue of the action recognised in it, it seems an instructive warning as to their own prc cedure under the new Act. By its provisions they were empowered to refer the question, whether the machinery in case of accident was safely fenced or not to arbitration. What effect might such reference have on the right of chil dren, young persons, and women injured by un fenced mill-gearing, to compensation by damages at the hands of a British jury Y In all probabi lity owing to the class of arbitrators to be se lected, according to the provisions of the Act, and other causes, positive prejudice and detri ment. For, strange to tell, the arbitrators are not to be chosen from the intelligent body of in dividuals who are daily employed in factories, but from that of professional engineers, whose work as Mr. Cusurr, principal engineer, at the works of ROTHWELL and Co., truly observes— " Is done when the engine is fixed, and the gear ing put in proper working condition, the fencing or guarding being at the discretion of the mill owner." The arbitrators, too indifferent as they may be, are not authorised by the Act to compel witnesses to appear and give evidence on oath. From tribunals so constituted what good could be expected 't Wisely, therefore, have the Inspectors refrained from calling them into existence, and giving them the opportunity to inflict injury on the hapless sufferer, and contented themselves with furnishing suggestions to the Herne Secre tary for their improvement. The want of a comprehensive system of revs. tration of births, &e., in Ireland is the subject of complaint, the Inspectors being unable to ascer tain the ages of large numbers of Irish children, in order to grant them certificates as the law re quires. The return of new factories shows an increase of 4,379 horse-power, making, with ad. ditions to existing factories, and deduct'ng such as are unoccupied, an increase in the year ending October 31, 1856, of 2,455 horse power, ob tained both by waterwheels and steam. Adopt ing the average of four persons employed for each horse-power, the Inspectors calculate 9,820 ad ditional persons have been employed during the above period. The return, however, is con fessedly, on t'meir past, unavoidably imperfect. The average increase ;in the number of factories from 1838 to 1856 vs; is, it appears, at the rate of 32 per annum ; whit 3 from 1850 to 1856 it has been at the rate of §6 per annum. In the former per= )d the lac:rem o was confined to cotton, THIE MN', LONDON, TIIURSDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 19, 1851 THE SMITHFIELD MEETINGS. woollen, and worsted factories ; in the latter the principal increase has been in cotton and silk fac- TO THE EDITOR. OF TIIE SUN. tories—the aggregate increase in the first being Sirc.—Will you do me an act of justice by insertion of 14'2 per cent,, and in the latter 66 - 0. The the full ) sing : The low-priced daily papers of the metropolis, in pre localities in which the increase has taken place tending to give a report of my speech at Smithfield on blisbPd as such anfarrago th e Tuesday, have puunconnected have varied, we are told, considerably; and of nonsensical decia!nation, not one syllable of which I ever uttered. The three penny papers appear to have ha , l but one reporter between them, for their reports are identical. Their misrepresentation is calculated to do me serious injury, and I come to you for justice. Your report of my words, so widely different from theirs, is correct, and I may, perhaps, be permitted to observe that, widely as you differ from my views, you never condescend to misrepresent the words I utter in the reports you give.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant, ERNEST JONES. report points out the migration, as it were, of trades from on© part of the country to another. The increase of factories between 1838 and 1856 has been 900, and of this increase Lancashire claims 360, Yorkshire 344, Cheshire 38, Not tingham 46, and Warwick 71. The cotton fac tories in the counties of Lanark (Glasgow), Ren frew (Paisley), and Autritn have decreased by 52. The woollen trade is becoming concentrated in Yorkshire, there being an increase in the number of woollen factories in the va rious ridings during a like period of 200, while in Cornwall, Devon, Wales, and elsewhere, there has been a decrease of 82. The worsted manufacture is almost exclusively confined to Yorkshire. In Worcester, however, the worsted trade has been considerably extended. The flax trade flourishes more vigorously in Ireland than in any other part of the - United Kingdom. The increase of flax-factories in Antrim, Armagh, Down, and Tyrone, in the like period, amounts to 59 ; while both in England and Scotland there has been a decrease. The number of silk-facto ries has increased. The increase above spoken of is numerical, and does not include the increase of power, which is 59 . 366 between 1838 and 1856. Great. however, as this is, it is much below the actual additional force practically available and in motion for manufacturing purposes. The number of persons employed bears exactly the same pro portion for nominal horse-power as in 1838 and 1850, though there has been a vast extension of trade. This is owing to machinery. As many persons (800,000) are now dependent, it is be lieved, on the power-loom as were in 1838 on the hand-loom ; and wages are better and steadier. The number of power-looms in 1836 (when they were chiefly used for cotton fabrics) was 115,801 ; the number in 1856 was 369,205. The number of spindles has increased in a greater proportion either than the number of factories or the power employed in spinning-factories. In weaving -factories there is a tendency to the exten sion of the trade among many occupiers rather than a concentration of it among a few. The extent of the increased power of production partly appears from the fact, that if the woollen and worsted fac tories in 1856 had produced in the same proportion as in 1850, the value of the exports would have been 7,800,000/. instead of ten millions— the actual average of the three years ending 1855. As to the employment of hands there has been a decrease of one-half of the number of children under 13 years of age, although two children are now required to do the work of one in 1835 ; a small decrease of boys between 13 and 18 years of age, and an increase of the proportion of fe males above thirteen years of age, chiefly in flax, cotton, and worsted factories. The largest pro portion of children is employed in worsted fac tories. An increase is reported in the number of men employed in the latter factories, owing, in some measure it is thought, to the prim s of country wool being now very generally employed in the factories. Ia conclusion, the facts brought out by this Return appear to be that the factory system is increasing rapidly, that fewer hands are employed in proportion to the machinery, though stet the horse power, than at former periods, that the steam engine is enabled to drive an increased weight of machinery by economy of force and other methods, and that an increased quantity of work can be turned off by improvements in ma chinery and in methods of manufacture by in crease of speed of the machinery, and by a variety of other causes. It may be well to add that the number of accidents from 'machinery during the six months ending 31st October, 1856, was 1,919 —1,037 males and 822 females. 143, Strand, Feb. 18. The sums paid into the Paris Savings Bank last week amounttd to 518,5341., from 5,133 depositors, of whom , . . ~... ... . 787 were new ; and the reimbursements to 498,323 f. THE RIISSIAN-DIITCEI LOAN.—Yesterday a Parlia mentary paper was issue 3, showing that on the 31st December last the interest due on the Russian-Dutch Loan was 743,750 florins, and the principal 15,000,000 rins. The Moniteur publishes a decree extending to the 30th June, 1859, the authorisation previously granted to the Mouzaia Mining Company, to export direct from Algeria to foreign countries copper ore to the extent of 6,000 tons. A. Parliamentary paper published yesterday shows the bullion operations of the Bank during the past year. The amount of bar and foreign gold taken to them was 7,070,8311., while the sums withdrawn were 1,967,630/. of bar and foreign, and 5,632,276/. of British coin, making a total of 7,599,906/. The weekly reviews from the Amsterdam and Rotter dam produce markets state that business had been rather more animated, and that prices continued to he well supported. The operations in refined sugar had been at an advance, while coffee, tea, and indigo showed increased firmness. The letters from Rouen speak of a rather better demand for manufactures, but there was no alteration in rates. It is now estimated that the Peninsular and Oriental steamer C. lombo, to sail on the 20th for India, will take out 660,0001., principally silver. For the succeeding mail of the 4th, which will include remittances to China, about 230,000/. is already engaged. Notwithstanding these arrangements, the stock of silver on the market has not been entirely absorbed, and the price yesterday showed inereased heaviness. A correspondence between the Government and the Bank, just printed, shows the only adva'nces on deficiency bills during the year to have been 2,000,000/. in the quarter ending the 31st of March. In the December quarter the Bank agreed to purchase at par 2,000,0001. out of the 4,000,0001. of Exchequer-bills authorised to be created last session, hut the amount negotiated was ultimately limited to 1,000,0001. The half-yearly meeting of the Great Northern RaP way Company, called for the 28th inst., has been post poned until the 12th March. This meeting will be made extraordinary, "to receive a report from the directors on the subject of the forgeries and frauds committed by Leopold Redpath on the company, and to authorise the directors to make application to Parliament, and take other measures they may deem advisable in reference thereto." A Besuor PREACHING IN A PRISON.—On Septuege sima Sunday the bishop of this diocese attended divine service and preached in the county gaol. The text selected by his lordship was Isaiah, chap. i., v. 18 : "Though your sins be as scarlet they shall be white as snow ; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool." From these words he addressed his hearers, first, on the plainness of sin ; and, secondly, on the fullness of pardon. The sermon was listened to with marked at tention, and several of the prisoners were moved to tears. —Carlisle Patriot. DISSOLUTION OF THE STEPNEY UNlON.—Yesterday, Mr. Southwell, the vestry clerk of the hamlet of Mile end Old Town, containing 65,000 inhabitants, received an official letter from the Central Poor-law B card, giving orders for the separation of the hamlet from the Stepney Union. The separation is to take effect on Lady-day next, and a board of guardians, to consist of 18 persons, are to be elected on the 14'h of March. THE ART TREASURES' PALACIL—The Art Treasures' Palace at Manchester being now covered in and com• plated externally the executive committee threw open the great hall and picture galleries yesterday to the sub scribers to the guarantee fund and their friends, and to season ticketholders, for a promenade. A band of music was in attendance, and the ladies and gentlemen who availed themselves of this unexpected invitation to view the building in its present unfinished state were between 6,000 and 7,000 in number, despite the unfavourable weather which prevailed during the day. MADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION. The splendid chamber termed the Napoleon room has just been com pleted, and has opened the entire length of the variou., rooms containing the groups and figures exhibited. Trims room now contains most splendid mirore nearly sur rounding the appartment, and giving great lightness and brilliant effect to the chamber. The figure of Napoleon 1., surrounded by Murat, King of Naples, Marshal Ney, the Late Emperor of Austria, Frederick William, the third Kin; of Prussia, Alexander 1., of Russia, and Field- Marshal Pr - n e Blucher. The Aust , alien mail steamer will leave Liverpool about five days previous to her sailing from Southampton wile the mails. It is probable, however, that now there is a direct railway communication with the north of England that before long :he Australian packets will take in all their cargo and passengers, as well as mails, at Southampton, and also land all their cargo and pas, sengers at that port. This will depend, however, on the charges for the conveyance of goods from the north-west to the south of England by rail being moderate. It is expected that the Australian mad, which will be de spatched on the 24th inst., will consist of about 600 boxes of letters and newspapers, each box weighing about three quarters of a hundred weight. Levenroor, Feb. 18.—The United States mail at, a n ship Atlantic sailed hence for New York to-day, with nine passengers, a full cargo, and the usual mails. There is also on board, iu custody, the man Winter, who, as stated in The Sun on Monday, was chased across the Atlantic by one of his employers in the Persia, and cap tured on entering the river, charged with stealing $2,000. The ship Fortune, belonging to the " Black Ball" film of packets, will sail to - morrow for Melbourne with about 157 passengers, She was to have taken her departure to-day ; but this morning her first and third mates '(Joseph Duncan and John Jones) were sent to prison for three months each, and their certificates were can- celled, for having broken into the spirit stores, opened several packages, and wasted and drunk a considerable quantity of brandy, wine, and other liquors. They have been replaced by better men. THE VALPARAISO PACKET-STEAMER CHILIE.—The Chilie, the first of a new line of packet steamers to run between London and Valparaiso, has been- obliged to put back. She left the Channel in the early part of last month, but met with a severe storm in the Bay of Biscay, and was completely dismasted. The storm commenced during the night of the 20th of January, and at half-past 3on the following morning her foremast went. All her rigging and gear, as well as her rnaintopmast, were then cut away, and in the afternoon of the 21st her mainmast went by the board, taking with it the second mate and a boy, who were, however, got on board before the mast was dear of the side. Part of the rigging became eta tangled in the after part of the ship, and for some days prevented the screw from being lowered into its place, and it was with great difficulty that she succeeded in reaching Plymouth, where she arrived on the 13th inst., and now remains to refit. THE Loss Or THE STEAMER RAVENSBOURNE.—Noi withstanding the assistance afforded by the Dutch Go vernment to raise the sunken steamer Ravensbourne, which foundered on the morning of the Bth inet., off Fleshing, abreast cf the Royal Dockyard, all attempts to accomplish that difficult task have failed, and it is much feared that this vessel will become a total wreck. The Ravensbourne left Antwerp at noon for London, and, in accordance with her usual custom, she brought up on reaching Flushing, in order to discharge the river pilot. There was also on board the Dutch Admiral (Furgitson) and his daughter, who being desirous of landing at the Arsenal, the Ravensbourne, it is understood, was endea vouring to effect that object when she unhappily was carried by the current on to some sunken piles, and in extricating herself no doubt stove in the forepart of the ship. The captain, finding the fore-compartment rapidly filling, immediately ran her for the dockyard, and suc ceeded in reaching the entrance of the main basin, when she grounded, and all efforts to get her in failed. About 2 o'clock the following morning, owing to the fore-com partment giving way, the maiuhold and afterpart imme diately filled, when the vessel flipped off the bank where she bad grounded and went down in deep water. All the passengers and crew (excepting captain and chief officer), with specie and deck cargo, had been previously landed. The captain and chief officer were on deck at the time when she foundered, and only escaped by jurip g overboard and swimming ashore. Part of her cargo was insured at Lloyd's on the morning the steamer was lost. THE AoLntithiNsi.A.undWerAtTaEkßing,CwOe MP h A a N v Y e . —0 only a m et a e k d in i g n comments on accordance with our acknowledged object, that of pro moting all legitimate enterprises that support the mining interest, or that have a tendency to develope such in terest; and we repeat , that a wate r company, for the purpose indicated, is t he most le g iti mate ; and, from the data that has been fu rnished us, it a ppears to be most profitable. We are glad or t )d o oikt fi ced nhdesttoharte3os to miles opinion is con firmed by our excelle nt correspondent,,Captain M a tth ew Francis, but as to the amoun t of capital required h e a p be exce ined error. The absolute c 145,0001., which and 600 miles in area — and through which hundreds of miles does pears tbeil cut, are, no doubt, valuable rights to be p a id f or, b ut t h e arr angement made by the Calif orn i a W ater C ompany, in ex of extent of parallel distance flumes is 1 this instance, seems most unexceptionable to the Eng lish investors, as those rights, whatever they amount to, will be included in the gross ' capital, and are to be paid for in class B shares, which are not entitled to receive dividends until 20 per cent, has been paid to the sub scribers, It must not be overlooked that the calculations made in the company's pamphlet, to which we have fre quently referred, are upon the maximum amount of capital, and whatever difference may arise in the pro jected arrangements will be so much saved for the gene ral benefit of the shareholders ; but those advantages, as stated, are so large that if only one-half were realised it would amply satisfy the English investors. All the accounts from California agree that such enterprises are much wanted, while those in existence at present pay almost fabulous dividends.--Mining Journal, Feb, 14, 1557. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury in Downing-street. Present—Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Granville, the Maiquis of Lans downe, the Earl of Harrowby, Sir George Grey, the Earl of Clarendon, Mr. Secretary Labouchere, Lord Pan mute, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Sir C. Wood, the Right Hon. R. Vernon Smith, Lord Stanley of Al• derley, the ,Right Hon. Mr. Baines, and the Duke of Argyll. Toe marriage of Miss Whitshed, eldest daughter of Sir S. V►ncent Whitshed, with Colonel Bentinck, took place yesterday, at St. George's Church, Hanover square, in the presence of a select circle of the friends of both families. Lord Aveland is expected in town to-day from Stock ton Hall, Lincolnshire. Lady Peel is expected in town to-day. Sir William and Lady Middleton are expected in town this week from Shrubland Hall, Suffolk. The Right Hon. Mrs. Vernon Smith gave an evening party last night at her residence in Saville-row. ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA.--We understand that Mr. Gye will commence his next operatic campaign, at Drury Lane Theatre, on the 14th April. DRURY-LANNTNgATRE --The tide of popularity which has set towards "Old Drury " since Christmas will be turned to the advantage of Boleno, the popular clown of the establishment, by all who visit the national theatre to-morrow evening, selected for the benefit of this clever artiste. In addition to the ordinary attractions of the programme, several special novelties are announced for this occasion. ____ Y ST. MARTIN'S HALL.—The fourth of the perform ances of sacred music for the present season, under the direction •of Mr. Ilullah, took place last night. Highly and deservedly attractive as the three pre vious concerts had been, that of last night was, if possible, still more successful. We have never heard the choral music of any oratorio given with greater irecision or effect than were some of the finer pieces in "Judas Maccabeus" last night, The members 'of Mr. Hullah's first upper singing school may now take their place without fear by the side of the best trained choruses of any institution. The conclud ing chorus of the first part, " Rear us, 0 Lord I" left nothing to be desired. The magnificent coin pce.itions, "We never will bow down," and the "Hallelujah, A men," were equally deserving of the highest commendation. The soloists were Madame Redersdorff, Miss Palmer, Miss Banks, Miss Moss, Mr. Sims Reeves, Mr. Thomas, and Mr. Dawson. The hail was densely crowded in every part ; and, as at the previous performance of "The Elijah," num bers of persons were unatle to obtain admission. EAST SUSSEX.—The new writ for East Sussex was issued on Tuesd a y even i ng . A very close contest will take place bet ween M r. D o d so n, and Lord Pevensey. COLCHESTER E LECTION . —The nomination of a candi date for the representation of this borough, vacant by the resignation of Lord John Manners, is appointed to take place en Monday next. A correspondent informs us that the return of Mr. Weguelin, the member for Southampton, will be peti tioned agai ns t, on the groun d s th a t some o f th e polling booths were c l ose d b efore 4 o ' c l oc k p.m., a n d b ecause the pollin g was suspended in one of the booths owing to the absence of the returning officer. PONTEFRACT. —Mr. William Wood, of Monkhill, is about to be brought forward as a candidate for the re presentation of Pontefract at the nExt election, in oppo sition t) Mr. Oliveira. The latter gentleman, however, will, with confidence, appeal to his constituents when the necessary time arrives for renewing his term of repre sentation. EGYPT AND TUE BIELE.—A course of three lectures on Egypt and the Bible is advertised in another page to be dclivere I at Crosby Hall, by Mr. John Gadsby, author of " Wanderings in the East," The lectures possess the elements of success, and we are glad to learn, from what we from time to time see in the country papers, that success is everywhere attending them, and we are sure the more they are known the better will they be attended. SUDDEN DEATH.—Mr. C. K. Sala die] suddenly on Tuesday night, in the New-road, Brighton, where he has been residing with his mother, Madame Sala, well known in musical circles. The cause of Mr. Sala's death was apoplexy. Re was about to retire to his bedroom, after placing his boots outside the door for the servant, when he fell forward on his face. The servant immediately gave an alarm, and wh en h e was ra i s ed he was still alive, but before medi ca l a i d could b e procure d life was ex tinct. The dece ase d gentleman was 34 y e ars of age. Up to the time of hie death he was in the enjoyment of his usual health and spirits. TUE GUEEL LOAN —From a return yesterday pub i3lael :m as s that6l76 61,6931 le lid. The due by the Greek Go vernmentr se st experimental Steamboat o o m f p t a hney,from Harwich to London, Harwich, and Continental i i nott t Rotterdam, in the Company's steamship the London (2,298 tons), will take place on Saturday morning next! LATEST NE WS. The Official Milan Gazette of the 14'h, in a leading article ou the queLtion of the Danubian Principalities, refers to the late article in the Moniteur on.that subjec , , and after observing that Austria and England join with Turkey in demand ing the separation, adduces arguments in favour of the latter course. It quotes a Vienna letter from the Journal de Frankfort, in which the writer attributes the article of the Moniteur to some secret object, knoWn only to the Courts of Paris and St. Petersburg, which " might cause fresh clouds to accumulate on our political hori zon." The letter then says :—" O❑ account cf this demonstration, the Cabintt of Vienna iP, however reluctantly, obliged to apply for positive explanations to the French Government, before it withdraws it 3 battalions from the Principalities. If we are well informed, Baron Hubner will be directed to ask for the precise interpretation of this last singular manifestation on the part of France." The Paris correspondent of the Morning Pos (Second Edition) says : " Aclvices from Florence state that the Grand Duke experiences great difficulty iu forming a new Government. He wishes to gather about him Ministers who aro favourable to the pretensions of Rome. M. de Bach, who is at present in Milan (one of the tools of Rome in the Concordat con tract), will start in a few days for Rome. It is thought that he has been invited to Rome to re ceive the personal +hanks of the Pope. " The French* Foreign-office is still waiting de spatches from Berlin and elsewhere before the Neuchatel difficulty can be placed in the way of settlement." FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVENING. _ _ The Legislative Body met yesterday at 2 o'clock; M. Schneider, one of the vice-presidents, acting as President, in the absence of Count de Morny, in the chair. Count Joachim Murat, the Marquis de Chaumont-Quitry, M. Tesneire, and M. Edouard Dallos were installed as secretaries. The President then addressed the depu ies in the following terms : "Gentlemen,—l am indebted to the absence of Count de Morny, to whom the Emperor has confided an im portant mission, for the high honour of presiding over the sittings of the Legislative Body. To occupy the place of a man who is distinguished as much by hi. personal quslities as by the signal services which he has rendered to the State, is a task the great im portance of which I am fully sensible of. I will devote myself to the duties of that high position with devotedness, and with the confidence that my honourable colleagues will be pleased to vouch safe to me the same kind feeling that they have heretofore accorded me. Have you not, besides, gen tlemen, constantly proved that you know how to unite in your deliberations the calmness and the mature view which best suit the grave interests entrusted to you ? By still pursuing the same course, we shall continue to give we ll-considered, and devoted co-operation to our loyal, the policy of the Emperor." This address was received with loud marks of approbation. Leave of absence was accorded to Count d'Houdetot, Count de Montalembert, Gene ral Barn Grose, and MM. Belmontel, de Chazelle., Cazelles, Chauchard, and Gi,clard. A letter was lead. from M. Benoit-Champy, expressing his regret at being obliged to resign his seat in the Chamber, in consequence of the new func tions to which he has been appointed. Leave was given to the Marquis d'Andelarre to print the remarks which he made last s=ssion on the bill relating to superior functionarie;. A decree was c)mmunicated to the Chamber declar ing that in addition to the Imperial Commissioners, M. Baroche, President of the Council of State, is charged to defend before the Legislative Body al bids presented during the present session. A bi..l was presented to accord to Marshal Pelissier, Duke de Malakhoth, an annual dotation of 100,000 f., dat ing from the Bth Sept., 1855 ; also a bill to regu late definitively the budget of 1854 ; likewise two bills concerning exchanges of property ; and lastly, fifteen local bills. The bureaux were then fixed by lot, in the usual manner, and the proceed ings terminated. A let! er from the banks of the Danube an nounces that Vie, fort of Salina, placed at the mouth of that river, had been given up on the 4th of February to the Ottoman Commissioner, Owe. Bey, a captain in the Turkish navy, sent for that purpose from Constantinople. The fort of Sulina is situate on the delta of the Danube. Omer Bey is appointed naval commander of the district newly created, of which Sulina is the capital. The European commission appointed to report on the practicabi ity of navigating the Danube from Isiktcha to the Black Sea is pursuing its objet' wile great activity. M. Beckt-, the Austrian dele gat has presented his report, approved by the commission. It is, consequently, hoped that com merce in general will profit by the 15th article of the treaty of Paris, which declares the navigation of the Danube free to all nations. BOURSE, Feb. 18.—The following were the last quotations : End of 3ront l:t. 05fr. 35 69 25 Cash. fr. c. 4i per Cents 3 per Cents 69 30 New Loan — Bank Shares 4,150 Roman Credit Mobilier 1,342 50 Austrian Belgian Fives . Spanish Threes Piedmontese (5) 9l Home Debt RAILWAYS—FOR CASH. tr. c. tr c Orleans 1,385 Western ' BlB 75 Northern O3O Strasburg .. B2l 25 Lyons 1,390 New Ditto Mediterranean 1,775 Grand Central Lyons Geneva - Cette AUSTRIA. A letter from Vienna in the Debats says :—" The Emperor has just granted permission to the Arch duke Stephen, ex-palatine of Hungary, who for eight. years has been living in exile in the environs of Coblentz, to r e t urn t o A us t r i a . I n th e revolu tion in Hungary, in 1848-9, the Archduke Stephen caused himself t o b e sus p ec t e d by the Court for his political conduct, although he had left Hungary be fore the opposition to the Emperor's Government had assumed the character of revolt. Baron Koller, who, after beinz charge d'affaires ad interim at Constantinople, w a s nominated Minister at Berlin, and was of er wards appointed Austrian .commis sioner for the reorganisation a the principalities, has just received orders to proceed to Berlin as minister, and has been replaced in t he commi'sion of the principalities by M. de Lie hthann, chief of the commercial division at the ministry of foreign affairs, and formerly an attache of the legations at St. Petersburg and Constantinople. As to the prin cipalities, if there are three voices against th e un i on , there are also three, Prussia, Sardinia, and Russia, in favour of the views of France, which has declared for the union, so that the balance appears on this latter side. It is, however, said that Russia is no longer favourable to the union, but it is certain that at the end of 1856 she declared that she was dis posed to adopt the views of France.' " TURKEY. A litter of the 9th, from Constantinople, says : " Among the reforms which Reschitl Pacha is occu p;ed in carrying out, that of the conscription of Christians has been the subject of serious consider ation. At the general discussion of the matter two opinions were put forth, one, propo3ing to im mediately incorporate Christians in the regiments under arms ; and the other to form them into a special corps, and not to draft them into other re giments until they had gone through a course of regular drilling. The question has been submitted to a special commission charged to report on it. In consequence of the return of peace, some changes are also to be made in the effective strength of the Mussulman army, in order to reduce the expenses of the State. Only two-thirds of the usual contingent are to be called out, and the other third will be exempt from service on payment of a certain sum, which is said to be fixed at 5,000 piastres (about 1,000 f.) The Grand Vizir is also occupies], with the general organisation of a system of public in struction throughout the whole of the empire. A. Ministry of Public Instruction is about to be form ed, and Cabouli Effendi, one of the most enlighten. d men in the country, is to be sent into the principal towns iu Asia to organise public schools. It i s also said to be in contemplation to form a Ministry of Public Works." Two English line-of-battle ships were to quit the Bosphorus on the 9th for Malta, but it was not expected that the remainder of the squadron would leave before the evacuation of the Principalities by the Austrian troops. The fit. man for the conv ocation of the Divan s a d h oc in the principalities was expected to be published immediately in the journals of Jassy and Buchr_. rest, after which the electoral list would be formed, and the elections commence at the beginning of March. A letter from Varna of the 3d states that General Sokoleff, who is atlachad t') the Russian army in Asia, had just I,ft for EzEroum, charged with a mili'ary mis ,, ion on the p.rt of Prince Thriatinsky, the comm , ifider-in-chief. It is pcsi- tively stated that the oiject, of this mi , ,sion is to decide on the line of fortre2sca which Russia is about to have conAructed on some Lew territory ceded to her by Persia, in vittue of a convention signed, it is said, at Teheran at th© commencemknt of last month. The territory in question, situat ed near the Armenian frontier, is of itself but of little importance. RUSSIA. The Moniteur de la Flotte pnblihhes a letter from Khiva, dated the 25th ult., which says The Russians have terminated the construction of a new fort at the mouth of the Goorgan, a river which flows into the Caspian Sea ; it is destined to keep in check the Turcoman tribes, and is to be garrisoned by about 2,000 men. It is built on the plan of those which Russia already possesses on the cia,sts,7and which are garrisoned by 10,000 men. A hydrographical survey of the Caspian Sea, just completed, shows that the sea contains 68,500 square kilometres, and is as deep as the Black Sea, with about the same advantages and disadvantages of navigation. The Russian Government has or dered a corps consisting of the 13th division of in fantry, commanded by General Chruleff, and the 18th, commanded by General Wagner, to assemble on the banks of the Araxes, on the frontiers of Per sia. These two divisions form part of the army of Asia, which, under the command of Prince Baria tinsky, is destined to defend the Caucasus and the Caspian Sea. These steps have no doubt been taken in great part in consequence of the late events of Persia.' But what is more serious is, that the convention agreed to in January last between Rus• sia and the Court of Teheran, for the cession of the territory which extends on the frontiers Of Turkish A.rmenia between Bayazid and Nakhbschivan, will increase the Russian power in that part of Asia ; and Prince Bsriatinsky has received orders to esta blish without delay military posts and a small line of fortresses in the newly ceded territory. THE LATE EARL OF ELLESMERE, K. G. We regret to announce the death of the Earl of Ellesmere, which occurred at Bridgewater-house yesterday after a very long and most painful illness. Francis Egerton, first Earl of Ellesmere, of Elles mere, county of Salop, and Viscount Brackley, of Brackley, comity of Northampton, was born on the Ist of January, 1800. His father 'vas Gecrge Gran ville, Marquis of Stafford, who afterwards was raised to the highest degree in the British Peerage as Duke of Sutherland, whose father, the preceding Marquis, had married Louisa, daughter and even tually co-heir of Scroope, first Duke of Bridgewater, to whose magnificent estates the Earl just deceased succeeded at the decease of his father in 1833, when he assumed the surname and arms of Egerton alone in the place of his patronymic of Leveson Gower. He received his early education at Eton, whence he was in due time transferred to Christ Church, where he graduated B.A. in 1821. In the following year Lord Francis Leveson Gower, as he was then styled, was returned to Parliament as member for the pocket borough of Bletchingley, and commenced his public career in the Commons as a Liberal Con servative, and a warm supporter of Mr. Canning and his party. He had, however, at an earlier date displayed a taste for literature and the flue arts ; and long before he had risked the broad glare of publication he had printed for private cir culation some poems which wera at least respectable. He then published a translation of " Faust," accom panied by free and spirited versions of popular lyrics selected from the works of Goethe, Schiller, Burger, Salis, and Korner, which passed through several editions before he resolved to withdraw it from further circulation. In 1828 Lord Francis Leveson Gower was sworn a member of his Majesty's Privy Council, and not long afterwards accompanied the late Marquis of Inglesey to Ireland as Chief Secretary. From July to November, 1830, he held the office of Secretary at-War under the latter part of the Ifinistri of the Duke of Wellington. From 1826 to the dissolution in 1834 he sat far the county of Sutherland. In the December of the latter year he was chosen for the Southern Division of Lana" shira, which he continued to represent down to his elevation to the peerage, in 1846. On most important questions he carefully abstained from identifying himself with any faction or party. We ought, how; ever, to mention that 20 years before Sir R. reel adopted the policy of free trade that measure bad been strenuously advocated by Lord Francis Eger' ton in his place in Parliament ; that he warmly supported the project of establishing the University of London ; and that be actually carried on one occasion a motion for the endowment of the Roman Catholic clergy in Ireland. In the your 1839 his lordship was recoil:km( ol by his medical advisers to spe n d a winter the East, and be accordingly proceeded in his own yacht to the Mediterranean and the Holy Lana' The results of his observations he afterwards gars to the world in the form of notes to his poem on; titled the " Pilgrimage " in which, having adopt e a the staff and sandals of a palmer, he gave a highly poetical picture of the various scenes and places which he visited in the course of his tour. Vi la volume has been since reprinted, but it has been withheld from further circulation for many yea"' In the few years previous and subsequent to this date Lord Ellesmere published his " Mediterranea n Sketches," and printed for private circulation see' ral poems, among which the best known ar° " Donna Cbaritea ;" " Blue Beard, a Parody ; the "Siege of Vienna," and the "Paris;" to o _aetbe i r . with " The Mill," and a "Monody on the Deat h of the Duke of Wellington." Lord Ellesmere had inherited the magnifieep i pictures collected by the great Duke of Bridge", water, and set a brilliant example t o th e posse ssor: of similar collections by erecting a noble gallery. his town residence in Cleveland-gardens, to whet' the public have found ready admission. Like most ducal houses, the House of Sutherland is built of a series of successive stages, and part a bast of is fortunes may be said to have commence from a comparatively humble origin. Thonla s Egerton, the illegitimate son of Sir Ralph Egerton, of Ridley, having been brought up to the bar, ar; rived at the highest honours of his profession, 1 0 "; filled during the reign of Elizabeth the posts 01 Solicitor and Attorney General, Master of the Iloilo , and Lord Keeper of the Great Seal. On the ance 3 " sion of King James Sir Thomas Egerton was al ) ; pointed Lord High Chancellor of England, an d was raised to the peerage as Baron of Ellesmere ; a few years later he was advanced to the viscountcy of Brackley. An earldom had been already pro mised to him, when he died ; strange to say, the King, though a Stuart, kept his word, and elevated his son and successor to the earldom of Bridge' water. Not content with this mark of Rojal favour', he appointed him Lord President of Wales, and e! the matches thereof, and it is to this appointmen t that the world of lett ers i s i n d e bt e d f or Milton 'g immortal masque of "Comus." His great-grandoon Scroope, fourth ear l, w h o was crea t e d Duke 01 Bridgewater in 1720, left two sons, who successive l y inherited the dukedom, and an only daughter° Louisa, grandmother, as we have already said, the peer so lately deceased. The third and la" Duke of Bridgewater was the projector of the cepa,: brated canal which still bears his name, and wh ich realised a princely fortune for himself and his sue' cessors. The dukedom became extinct on his death , in 1803, though the earldom of Bridgewater con: tinued for some 25 years longer in a distant bran of the family ; and the magnificent property t that house was devised by his grace to his neplon George Granville, second Marquis of Stafford and first Duke of Sutherland, with remainder to l' second son, who, as our readers are aware, has been successively known as Lord Francis Leveso n Gower, Lord FrancisEgei ton, an d Ear, of Ell es mere. It only remains for us to add that the nobleraa n who has so recent l y p assed away from among VI married in 1822 , Harriett Catheri ne, e ld est clang'', ter of Mr. Char es Greville and gianddaughter of the late Duke of Portland, by whom he had issu e two daught era, of whom the elder is married to the Hon. G. C. H. Byng, grandson of Field Marst the Earl of Strafford ; and also five sons, the you ngest of whom, Granville, was killed on the 27th of Jan., 1851, by a mu s k e t shot received accideir tally at target practice on board one of her MajeatY al „ t1 ships of the line. Of th e ot h er sons one i s a cts; tain in the navy, an d anot h er h o ld s a capt'a„ commission in th e G rena di er G uar d s. Hi s ship's eldest son, George Granville Frances, v 1 ,,"; count Brackley, who has now succeeded to t": Peerage as second Earl of Ellesmere, was born 0 1823, and marr i e d i n 1 8 46 t h e L a d y Mary Lou Campbell, daughter of the Earl of Cawdor, r i'; whom b e h a d two ch i ldren, Ch ar l es Granville, 11/0 in 1847, and another son, born in 1854. of Lordship was elected for the Northern Divisi° l , l Ut Stafford s hi re a t th e genera l e l ec ti on o f 1847', " go accepted the Chiltern Hundreds in Feb., 18 51 ' - the ground of ill-health. of The deceased Earl was a Knight of the Orcle i l . . ;re the Garter, Lieutenant-Colonel of the Latwant Yeomanry, a Deputy-Lieutenant for the countY Sutherland, a Vice-President of the Literary Fun ,l one of the Council of King's College, London, a Trustee of the National Gallery. He wasf ura appointed Lord-Lieutenant and Custos RotultEg_ 4l of the County Palatine of Lancaster on the ae "" of the late Earl of Sefton, in 1855. General Baron de Rottembourg, one of the four etlitlt: tants-general of the Old Guard, has just died at MO geron, near Farb', at the age of 87.