The Sun. — London, England, 1847-04-05 00:00:00

THE POTATO. The Royal Dublin Society have published a letter torn Mr. James Swan, of the Cottage, the Potato the purport of which is to show that Disease may be stopped by DrFoster's electrical apparatus. Mr. Swan says that he enclosed within the contrivance twelve ridges without manure ; that he at the same time planted twelve other ridges with the usual quantity of mixed manure November he found the potatoes within the the enclo sure " sound, mealy, large, without the least ap pearance of rot," while of the twelve ridges beyond the electrified space nine were totally destroyed, and three had only a few small round tubers. This he thinks a demonstration that the electrical apparatus aforesaid prevented the rot ! On this side of the Irish Channel men would have interpreted the expe riment differently, and would hate referred the preservation of the crop on the one hand to the absence of manure, and its destruction on the other to the action of manure. that the conclusive experiments of and others would have dispelled the had hoped fesEioor.But delusion S°llY w hich the electro-cultivators had indulged it seems just as hard to remove error as establish t a truth, and therefore we mey perha e. p e s return to turnt to that subject when we have a little sp a be In the mean while, Mr. James Swan musthung up by the.side of Alfred Smee. Another paper, also circulated by the Royal Dublin Society, relates to the condition of some seedling potatoes ra ised in 1845, by Mr. Goringer of Rippoldsav%. This writer says that the greater part of seedling potatoes had ac quired the size ohfisa own egg, that others raised by Mr. Ottmann, of Strasburg, weighed from 5 to 7 ounces each, and that they were all sound, although from one-third Baden, to one-half the potatoes planted in the usua l way in Wirtemburg, Bavaria, Switzer land, and destroyed by the prevailing disease. the Tyrol were We hope that further experience may show that means really exist of insuring seedling potatoes from disease, although no one in this country has yet discovered it. The exact circumstances under which the potato seedlings of Messrs. Goringer and Ottman were preserved, would therefore be an interesting, and perhaps a valuable piece of information. For, while we would employ every means within our reach to deter poor persons from continuing the cultivation of a crop the loss of which neither they nor the country can afford, we would as strenu ously advise those who can bear the loss, to try on a moderate scale all rational experiments which seem to premise its restoration. This is a sufficient answer to those who imagine that we have a personal anti pathy to the potato. On the contrary, we have always acknowledged its great value, when it is not cultivated to a greater extent than in England ; we admit that its eceaivalent cannot at - present be found ; and we will even add, that we regard the processes employed by chemists for determining its nutritive value (see " Journal of Agriculture" for March, 1847, p. 639) as being, in some respects, unsatisfactory. We sub mit that the course we have taken in this matter has been exactly that which prudence dictated ; that Re were bound to the public, which we serve, to tell them the exact truth, as far as we knew it; that we were bound to expose the dangerous follies of those who would have misled the public and that, above all things, it has be en necessary to dispel the fatal delu sion of those writers who, ignorant of facts, or unable to interpret thee, have endeavoured to make the world believe that they each possess a knowledge of the cause of this disease, and, therefore, can cure it. We cannot too often repeat that the cause is unknown; that at the beat we have only plausible conjecture; and that, gran-ting the most plausible of all conjec tures to offer a solution of the mystery, it only leaves us exactly as much in the dark as before, when we look to the application of a remedy. The most plau sible conjecture is that of atmospheric miasm, which we find that Mr. Milne, a great authority upon all that relates to subterranean disturbances and earth quakes, has ably advocated, as will be seen in another column. But granting that some unknown dele terious matter has found its way into our atmosphere, what can be reasonably inferred, except that such an unknown force cannot be dealt with by any known agency, and that if we are wholly in the dark as to any of its attribute s except it is impracticable to any opinion as to the extent to which it may here after desolate our fields, or the length of its duration. It may become more concentrated, or more diffused, it may last for years, or it may suddenly disappear. Who can tell ? And in this state of things are we to be told that the poor man shall be fed with hope? that he shall be again persuaded by enthusiasts to risk the little comfort which his land may bring him in the dreary months of winter, when fuel is dear and wages scarce, upon their idle hopes and expectations? Such a course would be monstrous. It would be joining the Nil desperandum of the stout-hearted with the Nil evitandurn of the fatalist. We never have been, and never shall become parties to so suicidal a course. We conceive that our time has been better occupied with pointing out how the difficulty of re cropping the lost potato land can now be met. Fur this purpose we may invite attention to some of the recommendations of a committee of the Royal and Central Agricultural Society of France, specially ap pointed to consider this point. The committee con sisted of Messrs. Payen, Boussingault, Moll, Royer, and Vilmorin, the latter acting as reporter. They ad mit that nothing is known of the nature and first cause of the potato disease • they, therefore, conceive that there is always a chance that it may disappear of itself, either gradually or instantaneously ; and con sequently they recommend the cultivation to be perse vered in. The main point, however, of their report is to suggest other esculents in the meanwhile. It is needless to advert to the corn crops, which they advo cate, or to such other plants as are in common culti vation among ourselves, or to those which can only be grown profitably in the warm districts of France. It will be sufficient to extract such as are comparatively little known here, and will suit our climate. Fore most among these is buckwheat, which, although inferior to corn crops, has, nevertheless, great value, and the good quality of thriving upon inferior land of various kinds. It may also be sown very late, and its seed bears but a low price. The small early turnips thrive beneath its shade, so that if a small quantity of their seed is scattered over the land some days after the buckwheat is up, and in wet weather, there is the chance of a supplemental crop as useful for man as for animals. Millets are spoken of under the names of true millet (Panicum miliaceum),Panick (Setaria italic), and Moha (Setaria germanica). The committee observe, as to these grains, that although of very inferior value in ordinary times, they may, nevertheless, be ad van t ageous l y employed' in the pre sent difficulty of recropping potato land. Their grain, -whether boiled or prepared as cakes, is wholesome and nourishing ; it is in constant use in the Landes as well as in many of the southern countries of Europe, and in Germany. They are more advan tageous than buckwheat, considering the low price of their seed, a few pints being enough for an acre, it sown in drills, which is the proper way. They should be sown in the climate of Paris, from the beginning to the end of May ; the true millet may be even put off till the middle of June, it being much earlier than ' the others. They require a deep strongish soil in good tilth. The Moha, however, although it brings the heaviest return on such land, has an advantage over others in succeeding very well on inferior land, whether sandy or chalky, and of re sisting dryness in an extraordinary manner. Its grain is smaller than that of the true millet, but the straw is much better than that of the other sorts. As a green crop the Moha is spoken of as one of the best plants for the agriculture of the north. Peas and Haricots a re o f coarse much recommended, and the committee advise that they, especially the former, should be sown in drills much wider apart than usual, not only on account of the high price of the seed, but because a better plant is so obtained. Cabbages of various kinds are strongly recommended, especially because it is possible, by sowing varieties of different degrees of earliness, to cover the land from June or July to the end of win ter. The, early York and bullock's heart should be sown immediately, to be followed by the great cattle cabbages. The small size of the former should not be regarded as an objection to their use. because they can be set so much the closer, and besides, they do not want such good land as the great winter cabbages. The preservation of the latter, for winter use, in the manner of sonrkrout, is recommended. Gourds of various kinds follow ; esp ecially those called by the French Gieaurnount a d fear that they are not so wellsuited n h to En g lish as to Fre Courges. But we or Irish cottagers girinnge have the advantage of They, however, corner; and to judge from the maarlieetsof in any waste quantity exposed for sale in mid-winter in the to the the north of France, they must be found a useful cro Jerusalem artichoke, which in the oeT e l e As committee " is not valued anythin g like so T'ofthe it deserves," they cannot t oo often repeat "much that it a i s s without an equal for h ar dih oo d and vigour, that the hardest frosts never touch its roots, that it is literally the mother of manure (Greater (I' engrazs), seein g that in any ordinary soil, whether sandy or calcareous, it gives nearly as great a weight without manure as can be had from the potato when best manured, and finally that it is of as great value both for its roots, its leaves, and its stems." The committee are convinced that it is an excellent plant, and " essentially one of progress." Our readers will judge for themselves how far these recommendations of the French com mittee are likely to suit their wants.--Gardeners' Chronicle. THE HERRING SEASON. - A good many coopers are now busily engaged in making preparation for the coming season, and as a large nuinber have gone south, and others are employed at other work, we should not be surprised although there were found a scarcity of hands at the forthcomffig fishing. A large number of N or _ wegian vessels hart already arrived, with cargoes of billet-wood, at the various stations. Prices are consi , derably under those generally paid at this early period of the season.—John o'Groat Journal. STATE OF TRADE. (From Fergus - on;nelTayror; Monthly Trade Circular.) MANCHESTER, APRIL I.—The business transactions of the last month have been rather larger than for some time past. At the beginning of that term the market was dull and depressed, and a few heavy holders of stock were anxious to press sales. The comparatively low prices m t e e u m t p wasted s oemffeeoltaerr otherpurchases, r a s n d fe a lt s t s b o o a n i mf a p s u t l h s e l ft , high m an d o u r u d d e r s undeterminedpreviously weld, i r t u h l h o o f p owing , t w o e r t o h e b r o o r u m g b e r t arm led da to ys t: whichf or ar d p r o m m o i r e e e d f o r eel returny. A o f few genial bright iveat a e rn,d also ' small influx of buyers for the country trade. Under this gratifying change of circumstances, the market during the middle of the month, wore a more animated aspect than for some time before. The operations, prin cipally by shippers to the markets of the east, and the states of South America, were considerable; and there can be no doubt that stocks have been materially reduced by these transactions. During the previous depression, the rates of cotton had considerably receded, and as the prospect of the future seemed to be brightening, spinners appeared disposed to extend their investments in the staple. Holders of stocks, however, at Liverpool, were fully alive to the improvement which was beginning to manifest itself here, and at once demanded higher prices. In the space of ten da)s just past, the value of cotton has been increased, by the operations of speculators, fully id. to id. per lb., and this action on the rates of the raw staple, has l'ad the necessary result of com pelling spinners and manufacturers to withdraw their stocks, unless buyers cunceds an advance of about id. per lb. on yarn, and 3d. to 4id. on most descriptions of shirtings, &c. As might have been anticipated at the first indication of this proceeding at Liverpool, business here has been decidedly checked, and the market is again completely unhinged. The producer has no alternative (since it is evidently impracticable to effect any corre• spondent rise in the prices of yarns or goods) but to cur tail the supply still more by the further limitation of the working hours in our factories. It is contemplated by many to close their mills during the entire Easter week, and to continue stringently the policy of " short time," until the arrivals from the United States bring down the prices of cotton, or the scarcity of the textile fabrics compel shippers to yield a further advance on the cost of the raw staple. It is greatly to be deplored, that whilst the unfortunate operatives have to wait the solution of this struggle of contending interests, the return of wintry weather should occur to increase their vicissitudes; whilst, at the same time, it deprives them of hope of any relief coming from the spring demand for the home trade. The recent advices from some of the largest of our foreign markets, are much more encouraging than for a long time past. The prospect of demand for India, China, and the Brazils, independent of the proba bility of an important revival of our trade with the United States, is calculated to uphold the expectation of manufacturers; but until the question of the cotton supply be fairly settled 4 we cannot look forward to any steady rule of prices, or the resumption of full time at our mills. The greater ease of the Money-market, the favourable seed time enjoyed by the agriculturalist, and the likelihood of a material decline in the cost of food, from the abundant imports of bread-stuffs on their way hither, are all favourable elements, which encourage the hope of a better home trade as soon as fine weather re turns, and the rule of prices becomes more firmly esta blished. GOODS MARKET.—The demand for printing cloths daring the month has been exceedingly languid, and although the production has been very materially lessened, the supply has continued rather in excess. Under such circumstances, prices have had a drooping tendency, and good 66 and 72 reeds might be bought at from 3d. to 6d. per piece lower than previous currency. They are still moderately plentiful, but the altered con dition of the cotton market has somewhat hardened prices during the last week. Nine-eight shirtings and maddapolams have been in moderate request, and some considerable parcels have been cleared out, but at very low prices. The stock is somewhat lie hter, and makers are to-day demanding an advance of from lid. to 41d. per piece, aocording to quality. 40-inch G. E. long cloths have been of large sale for India, and a few par cels of magnitude have changed hands for China. The market is less pressed upon by stock, but prices are little higher. Holders are seeking an advance, and the improved advices per Overland Mail, with the higher rates of cotton, are much relied upon by them, in enforcing their views. We believe few buyers are dis posed to make the concessions required, and business is therefore checked for the present. There has been a much larger demand recently for 45 and 50 inch G. E. India long cloths, and as the stocks of these goods are bare, higher prices relatively than for 40-inch are obtained. G. E. cambrics and jacconets have been in moderate demand, but there is no material change to note in prices. Stout domestics, wide widths, have been a good deal enquired for, for India ; but stocks of the qualities wanted are scarce. The narrow makes adapted to the consumption of the Brazils have been neglected, and stocks consequently only kept down by short supply. Stout lon g c l ot h s , pun j ums, and salempores are of but limited demand, but as most of the principal makers have suspended production, the supply is vastly cut off ; prices, however, are not much improved as yet. Their turn must come in due season, as foreign markets must be running bare in the meantime. T cloths have been only moderately saleable, but stocks not being heavy, prices have been fairly maintained. On most descrip tions of these heavy fabrics an advance has been de manded since the last reaction in the Liverpool market. Velvets, velveteens, moleskins, &c., are dull of demand, but without any alteration is prices. Prints are dull of demand, except those of one or two of our fine plate printers for the home trade, and chintzes for Rio de Janeiro, Bahia, and the United States. Ordinary ship ping qualities are neglected, and are rather scarce in stock. YARNS NIARIET.—The transactions in both mule and water twist during the month has been rather consider able, both for India and China, and the sales thus effected have considerably relieved the market, but without pro ducing any absolute scarcity, except, perhaps, in No. 40s. and 50s. mule, for which there has been a greater run than most other numbers. The transactions for Russia, Germany, and other ports of the north of Europe, have been on a smaller scale than usual at this season ; but still, eligible parcels, offered at the lowest rates, have continued to be moved. Short production has been pretty steadily persevered in, and this, together with the sales of the month, must tend to give more firmness to spinners, especially in the face of the advanced rates of cotton. The higher prices demanded for yarns are checking operations, and many orders have been with drawn until those current during the earlier part of the month shall be again ruling. There is an improved de mand in doubled yarns, both for export and the home trade, with an upward tendency in prices. Cops rt.- main without change, either in demand or value. BRADToRD MARKET. —Wool continues without any change in price, and with only a limited demand. Yarns have been in greater inquiry, and many of the spinners are now working to order, but the contracts are ex tremely low, and at barely remunerative rates. Piece goods, lastings, merinoes, and all descriptions of worsted makes are very quiet, but all kinds of plain and fancy cotton warp goods, say Orleans, silk stripes, and checks, &c. &se., are in excellent request, at full prices, for the American markets. Extensive contracts have been taken by sonic houses for the same quarter, and the accounts just received thence are very satisfactory. The prospect of an improving trade to that country is as ap parent, and prices of all suitable goods will receive an impulse, and advance more or less from the rates now current. The present, therefore, seems favourable for investment, as the tendency of the market is decidedly upwards. COTTON MARKET. In our opening remarks we have already adverted to the sudden reaction in the Liver pool market. Speculation during the past ten days has been rife, and the rates of American have advanced about Id. per lb. from the lowest point. Yesterday, how ever, there was a quieter market, and the upward ten dency appears to have been checked. American de scriptions are about 2fel. per lb. higher than last year at this time, and Brazils, about lid. The imports con tinue steadily to increase, more than could well be ex pected in the dearth of present means of transit hither ; but the stocks held both by importers and consumers, notwithstanding "short time," show a vast deficiency as compared with those of last year. Until the arrivals shall come forward more freely, we cannot expect an important decline in the rates of cotton. EMIGRATION. Coax.--Hundred s of comfortable-looking farmers, of young women and men, all decently clad, continue to arrive daily, with the view of emigrating to Ame rica. In such numbers do they come, that the rapidity with which the bakers' shops in the vicinity of the quays are cleared of bread is scarcely credible. A few vessels have sailed for New York and Boston with emigrants; others are ready to follow, and ten more are preparing for the same destination. Amongst those that have sailed and are now ready to start— are the Mary T. Rundlett, for New York, 115 pas sengers ; Conte Potoski, ditto, 74 ditto; Henry Pat terson, ditto, 47 ditto ; Globe, for Boston, 177 ditto ; and the Ovando, ditto, 121 ditto. A cur i ous f act con nected with the desire to emigrate, is the large quanties of potatoes that some of these emigrants have taken with them. At present good sound seed potatoes sell in Cork at 2s. 6d. the weight of 211bs. The potatoes which the emigrants are taking off would readily bring Is. 9d. in the market—one penny per lb. Not withstanding this excessive price, and that Indian meal as food is considerably cheaper and more portable, the preference is given to the potato. In four vessels no fewer than 336 cwt. have been taken. In the St. Lawrence there were 1,7221b5. ; Globe, 2,5601b5.; Isabella , 2101bs. ; and Ovando, 2,5521b5. not, of 7,0441b 5. of potatoes ! This article of food is 1 course, that supplied by the passage brokers, but the private store of the passengers for consump tion on th e voy a ge. _ crowdedanel v ewarlyrt w i th AuTo......raeage.— Cork Constitution. this locality i s r eal l y progress of emigration from N t • u ey n a a n te ce lan i sd s urprising. Every public con veyance leaving this unfor itrsseds are seen wend -I•,oir the same ing their way to the neare y st pur pose. W e would rejoice at uPn t o h dr that 'tis but the comfortable farmeritatnladatth%e'euksneLwl artisan who are forsaking our shores, ' lea • a miserable and squalid population.—Ma;onegothGlintid tion. Our roads and quays are crowdlbevery day with country people departing hence for the colonies. We understand that Sir Robert Gore Booth, Bart., has it in contemplation to send out to Canada from .500 to 700 of his cottier tenantry, who are desirous to pro • teed thence in the hope of bettering their condition —he is about freighting a vessel or two to convey them,—Sligo Journal. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. HOME ClRCUlT.—Kingston, April 3. (Before Lord DENMAN and a Special Jury.) COOPER •ND OTHERS V. KNIGHT. This was an action upon a bill of exchange to recover the sum of 4001. The defendant pleaded that he had had this bill by a renewed bill, which was duly honoured on arriving at maturity. Mr. Sergeant Shee, with whom was Mr. Ogle, con ducted the case for the plaintiff, and Mr. M. Chambers and another Learned Gentleman, appeared for the defendant. The history of the case was as follows : The plaintiffs are the representatives of the London and County Joint Stock Bank. Amongst other branches which the company have is one at Petworth, whereat a person of the name of Elliott kept an account. In the early part of May, in the last year, this Elliott, having some bills becoming due, called up on C a pt a i n L uar d, t he manager of the Branch Bank, and intimated his in ability to meet them on the days whereon they were about to arrive at maturity. ide consulted that gentle man on the subject of the renewals, and the interview terminated by the Captain saying he would write to the head establishment for instructions as to the com pliance or non-compliance with Elliott's proposition to give renewals. The reply was, that for a bill of 5001. the board would consent to take two renewed bills of 2501. each. The renewed bills were to be accepted by the defendant, as before. The bill became due, and some time elapsed ere the renewals were forthcoming. At length they came into the bank on the very day that the bill which formed the subject of the present action fell due. Some short time after this Elliott became a bankrupt, and upon application being made to the defendant as to the bill, he, in warm and energetic terms, denied that he had ever "put his hand to paper" in respect of it. A variety of applications were made to him, and he had several interviews with Captain Luard about it, at each of which he, in very energetic language, denied har ing accepted such a bill ; but at the same time said that if such a bill could be produced he would pay it. By some accident the bill had been mislaid, and for a considerable period it could not be brought forward. Eventually, after a further lapse of time, the defendant called upon Captain Luard, and said he had seen the bill, and begged that that gentleman would accept his apology for the warmth of language he had occasionally made use of in their former interviews in reference to the bill. The defendant, however, went on to say that a renewed bill which had been paid at maturity, had been given for it, and thus that it had been paid. This constituted the real defence, and a vast quantity of evidence was given on either side to prove and dis prove the truth of that defence. - Lord DENMAN, in summing up, said that the only question for the jury to consider was, whe'her they were or were not satisfied upon the evidence that this par ticular bill had been renewed. The jury, after a few minutes' consultaeon, gave a verdict for the plaintiff for 4081. DAVIS V. HERRING. Mr. Sergeant Shee and Mr. Charnock appeared for plaintiff, and Mr. Sergeant Dowling for the de endant. This was an action to recover compensation in da mages for an assault and false imprisonment. The de fendant pleaded first not guilty, and then as to the false imprisonment, that the defendant gave his leave and license. Lord DENMAN—What, leave and license to an action for false imprisonment ? Mr. Charnock—Yes, my Lord, it is a new way of pleading to such an action ; but it has of late been often pleaded. Lord DENmax—lt is a most absurd plea. It appeared that the plaintiff is connected as a labourer with some lime works on the Gadstone-road, and that the defendant had on the 10th of November been cele brating, together with a number of friends, the entry of a new landlord at the Ruse and Crown at or near that place. After the latter had quitted the house. by some means or other ho dropped his watch in the road. He did not miss his loss until the his arrival at home, which was some miles distant from the scene of festivity. He immediately, OR the disco very, sent over to- apprise the landlord of what had oc curred, and to beg that search and inquiry should be made for the watch. In the meantime the plaintiff, who was passing along the road, had picked up the watch, and not knowing to w h om it b e l onge d, carried it homes A few days after the event, the plaintiff having, from circumstances not in any way connected with this trans action, quitted his then employment, came up to London and consulted his brother on the subject, who has been a policeman, what course he had better adopt with respect to the watch. The advice the brother gave was, that no doubt the owner would advertise the loss by means of hand-bills, and then the finder would not only ascertain the party who had sustained the loss, but would . gain any reward which might be offered. The ntiff, thereupon, left the watch in the hands of his brother, and went down to Croydon to remain until he entered upon a new employment. On the evening of the 22d of the same month the plaintiff, who cannot read, heard at Croydon that handbills, offering a reward of 31. for resto ration of the watch, had been put in circulation,. whereupon he said that if he could obtain one of the bills, the watch would soon be restored. This statement was afterwards repeated, and the con sequence was, that on the night of the 24th, about eleven o'clock, the defendant, with a policeman, went to his lodgings and made him get up from his bed. Upon being told the nature of the business they had with him, he at once said the watch was in the possession of his brother, who had advised him to wait until a reward was offered, when he was to restore it to the owner. The defendant expressed his astonishment that the plaintiff should have served him in stash a manner, whereupon the latter said, first, that he had not the means of finding out that the defendant was the owner, and that, even supposing he had made the discovery, and had taken the watch to him, all be should have got would have been a pint or two of beer only. The plain tiff then, at the command of the policeman, got into the pony chaise with himself and the defendant, for the pur pose of driving up to the brother, in London. On their way, however, the policeman called at the station to give information, not only that the watch had been found, but that he was going up with the parties to town to fetch it. The sergeant (Russell) suggested that three would be too much for so small a poney to drag up to London and back, and hinted that one had better remain behind till the other two returned. The plaintiff expressed his willingness to stop. Eventually so the matter was settled, and the plaintiff was shown into the men's mess-room, where he laid down and slept until the defendant and policeman re turned. When they came back they had got the watch, and then the defendant, in reply to the serjeant, said he had no charge to make against the plaintiff, who was dismissed, the sergeant telling him that he ought to consider himself very lucky, for if he had been charged, and ultimately convicted, he probably would have been transported for having kept the watch, which was not his own property. The plaintiff was in the station from shortly after eleven till between four and five on the following morning. This was the injury alleged, and for which compensation was now sought. On behalf of the defence it was contended, and witnesses were called in support of the latter ground, that it was the duty of a man finding any article of value to carry it to the next station-house, with a view to its being re stored to the rightful owner; and next, that the loss had been mentioned, and by whom it had been sustained, in the presence of the plaintiff, every day afterwards whilst he remained at the lime works. It was argued, therefore, that there had been an appropriation of the watch until its restoration by the brother being called on. It was argued also that, inasmuch as the plaintiff had remained at the stationhouse of his own accord, the imprisonment had been with his leave. Lord DENMAN, in leaving the case to the jury, said the plaintiff had without doubt acted very improperly, and might have been indicted and heavily punished for having kept the watch, which he knew, of course, was not his own. He ought at once to have carried it to the inn, and made inquiries for the owner there, or to have taken it to the police, who would quickly have adopted such steps as would have led to the discovery of that gentleman. However, that Ras not the question at issue on the present occasion, The question was, whether the plaintiff had been imprisoned by direction of the defendant ; and if they were of opinion that he had, then they would say what amount of compensation he was entitled to. The Jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff.— Damages 40s. THE SUN, LONDON MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 5, 1847 IN THE MATTER OF GARRETT. This person, a solicitor, was a witness in a case, " Blagden v. Booth," tried in this court on Wednesday, and, being called on behalf of the defendant, stated that the acceptance to the bill upon which the action had been brought was not that of the defendant, but declined to state by whom it was written. Lord DENMAN intimated to the witness that he should insist upon his giving up the name of the writer of the acceptance. The witnessed hesitated, and then said, that although he had stated that another person as well as himself was present when it was written, he had not said that that otheriperson had written the acceptance. Lord DENMAN—Is it, then, to be understood that you yourself wrote the acceptance ? The witness gave no answer to this question. He subsequently admitted that he had been applied to by the defendant upon the subject of his having put his (defendant's) name to a number of bills, and that upon saying that the reports to that effect were true, the defendant had manifested much anger. He had been professionally engaged fur the defendant. Lord DENMAN, at the end of the trial, ordered Garbet to stand committed to the custody of the Governor of Horsemonger lane prison. This afternoon Mr. PARRY applied to the Court to admit the prisoner to bail, and to name the amount of the recognizances his Lordship might think proper. Lord DENMAN.—Why, the trial will come on next week will it not ? Mr. Parry believed that was so; but still it was highly desirable that the party should be ad- mitted to bail. Ile was further instructed to apply for a copy of Hs Lordship's notes of the trial. Lord DENMAN.—Certainly not. It is a most impro per and unprecedented application. Mr. PARRY begged to apologise, but ho had been in structed to make the application, and he had consequently done so. L m o r rd . r D AR E R N , m,N. w t o, -- ild l n t a very imp ot, s fter s u ch arnope intimation application. from his Lordship, renew the application. Would his Lordship, however, direct that a copy of short-hand writers' notes might be furnished? Lord DENMAN had no doubt that they could be had payment for them, and if so they might be supplied. Ultimately it was arranged that notice of bail should be given. CROWN COURT.—(Before Sir T. WILDE.) Caroline Hatfield w as arra i gne d upon t h e C oroner , a in quisition for the wilful murder of her illegitimate sou, 'William Hatfield, by administering to him a large quan tity of deadly poison called laudanum. A bill for the murder of a child described as William, had also been preferred before the grand jury; but they ignored it, and returned a ,:,true bill for manslaughter. The charge for murder was abandoned upon au objec tion taken by the prisoner's counsel that the child was improperly described, and the case went to the jury upon the indictment for manslaughter. Mr. Wordsworth prosecuted, and Mr. Parry defended the prisoner. From the evidence of a great number of witnesses, it appeared that the pH , oner was a person in humble circumstances, and she had been in service in the neighbourhood of Limpsfield. The child in question was an iliegimate one, and while she was in service it had been placed out to nurse with a woman named Rice. In the beginning of February, it appeared that the prisoner left her service and went to live with Mrs. Rice, and at this time it was stated that, although weakly, the child, which was then nine months old, was in perfect health. When the prisoner came, she took the principal charge of the child, and she was observed by its nurse the first day she came to produce a bottle which she said contained Godfrey's cordial, end to administer some of it to the infant, who very soon afterwards appeared very sick and ill. It appeared that after this the prisoner went into the Bletchingly union workhause, where she remained a few days, and then returned again to the house of Mrs. Rice. The child then became more seriously ill, and the medical man of the union, Mr. Thompson, was sent for, and ho adtninistered a powder to it, but the illness increased, and the child died on the 18th of February ; and, upon a post mortem examination, it appeared that the child had died of congestion of the brain, which was the pro • gable result of some narcotic poison, such as laudanum, having been administered to it. The circumstances of suspicion against the prisoner were most cogent, for it was clearly proved that she had made three applications at different shops for laudanum, and upon it being re fused to her at one of them, where she said it was for her baby, she went to another where she said it was for herself for tooth-ache, and a small quantity was fur nished to her, she being at the same time informed that it was poison. After this, when inquiry was being made respecting the state of the child, she went to one of the shops where - she had obtained the laudanum, and asked the person who had sold it to her, if any inquiry were made as to her having purchased laudanum, to say that she had not. It also appeared that when she was ques tioned as to what she had done with the laudanum, she at first said that she had got it at home, and after wards that she had dropped the bottle out of her bosom and broken it. In addition to these circum stances, it was proved that the prisoner on several occasions had said that "she wished to God the child was dead, for then she should have a good home,"—this expression being supposed to allude to a circumstance, which, however, did not come out in evidence, that the father of the child had said he would have married her, if it had not been foe the child. II the course of Ihe cross examination by Mr. Parry, it transpired that i.udanum and Godfrey's cordial were sold at the different shops in the town in commo❑ with grocery, cheese, candles, and drapery, and one of the shopmen, in answer to a question put to him by the Learned Counsel, said, very innocently, that he did not know whether they kept prussic acid or arsenic as well as laudanum amens their articles of gro cery. Mr. Thompson, the medical officer of the union, and his assistant, Mr. Tomlinson, gave their opinion that toe congestion of the brain of the deceased was occasioned by laudanum or some narcotic poison; but in cross exa minatio❑ by Mr. Parry it was admitted that other na tural circumstances might have caused the same appear. ances, although they did not think it was probable. Mr. Thompson also said that, although he was told by his assistant before he saw the child that it was suspected to be suffering from some narcotic poison, and its ap pearance entirely confirmed that suspicion, he did not administer the slightest remedy by stitnulaets, or a bath, or in any other manner; but said, as he thought the child apneared inclined to rally, he considered it better to leave it to nature. The assistant also, upon being ascertain that th he h,;ids himself f of his nly m ilu a scientifice d s e ti' a n .o ekdn(l)vvi po s tm ortem tl heda' e': admittedeto examinations, although he said he had been present at a great many. Mr. PARRY commented, in the course of his address, in most severe terms upon the conduct of the medical men, and their not taking any steps to rally the child, although they represented that they were aware of the suspicion of its having taken some narcotic poison, and must have known that the administration even of a simple stimulant might have been attended with the most beneficial result, and probably would have saved the child's life ; and he then proceeded to contend that the jury could not rely upon the evidence as to the cause of death, and upon this ground, whatever other suspicious circumstances might be in the case, it was their duty to return a verdict favourable to the prisoner. Chief Justice WILDE having summed up, the jury, after deliberating for about five minutes, returned a ♦erdict of Not Guilty. Charles Green, alias Fletcher, 23, was indicted for stealing ten silver spoons, the property of Elizebeth Watson. The prisoner is stated to be, although so young, one of the most desperate thieves on the Surrey side of the water, and it appears that he has been 18 times sum marily convicted, under charge, or sent for trial to the assizes, the Central Criminal Court, and quarter-sessions, but he has hitherto, by vv hat would appear the most ex traordinary good fortune, escaped conviction by a jury. On Friday night he attempted to escape from the gaol at Kingston, by getting up the chimney (:f the cell in which he was confined, but upon coming to an iron bar which was fixed across it he becams lammed in, and with great difficulty got down ' again and upon the keeper entering the cell he was astonished to find him covered with soot, which was only partially removed from him when he appeared to take his trial. It appeared in the present case that thQ robbery was committed so far back as April in last year, and the principal witness was the servant of the prosecutrix, who spoke to the fact of seeirsg a man leave the pre mises with the basket of plate under his arm. She de clared that man to be the prisoner, b u t on account o f t h e time that had elapsed since the robb er y. a d ou bt was entertained whether she might not be mistaken. The jury gave the prisoner the benefit of this doubt, and returned a verdict of Not Guilty. of JCuill(3l..r,le: r.enpeteesirpstoonhiao.trges4l. WESTERN ClRCUlT.—Teunton, April 2. r This being Good Friday, the Learned Judges attended Williams was indicted for forging, on the Bth Divine service in the morning, and did not, in conse quence, repair to the courts till two o'clock. CROWN COURT.—(Before Mr. Jiisticeperißs,EinSelNVE:,Lith) Williams.itn:lot ltd gheeefr(rrs)aetuatcl dice:drop t:t‘chloe: knowinglol den were counsel vm g for at the No. pro secution receipt by Mary Williams, wiitthtoinhtaernethteoedheff„rraguedd,Muairtyh M i u r t ostw. L a h ; n n e : s m ,„t e ok o , f L il a i r .l l7l.l W al i l l , lia ß nl at s h' , made some ; and Mr. Stone defended the prisoner. person n e r facts of this case were these:—lt appeared that a ap plication to her friends, who lived near Barnstaple, for some money ; and John Knills, who had married her sister, procured a Post-office order for 51., and forwarded it in a letter addressed to Mrs. 'J. Williams, 4. Lower Swayneawick, Lark Hall, Bath. The prisoner lived at No. 5, Lower Swaynes wick, Gloucester -road, Bath. It so happened that the letter-carrier, by mistake, took the letter so addressed to Mrs. J. Williams to the house of the prisoner. Neither the prisoner nor his wife were at home at the time, and the letter was left with a Mrs. Hawkins, who lived next door to the prisoner. When the prisoner came home in the evenine. Mrs. Hawkins gave him the letter. The terms of that letter were these : "Dear Sister,—l have sent you 51. as soon as I re ceived it from Mortred, and I hope it will be a benefit to you, and you had bettter go to the Post-office and receive it. I hope you will write as soon as you have received the money, as I shall not be easy till I hear from you. "Your affectionate sister and brother, " JOHN and ANN KNILL." This letter was received by the prisoner on the 9th of July. The next day he went to the Post-office and ten dered the order, which was then signed, "Jane Williams." He was asked by the clerk at the Post-office by whom it had been sent, and the prisoner answered, " John Krill;" and that name corresponded with the name in the order book. The clerk asked him who was Jane Williams? and the prisoner said she was his wife. The clerk then asked him if he knew any other Williams, because the, order was made payable to Mary Williams? The pri soner said he had a sister called Mary Williams. The clerk then said that Mary Williams must sign it. Upon which the prisoner said, "I will sign it for her;" and be struck out the word Jane, and inserted the word Mary, and the money was paid to him. Some time after this inquiry was made at the different post-offices, and Hall, the Bath officer, went to the prisoner's house and told him he was charged with obtaining from the Post-office the sum of 5/. upon a Post-office order, and the prisoner said he had. He then took Hall t 9 his father's house and gave him up the letter and the money. The prisoner said he thought of going to the Post-office the following week to speak about it. Be said his wife's name was Jane, and he thought the order came from some relative of hers. The prisoner had a very exc ellent character given him. Mr. Justice CnesswELL said the question was whe ther the prisoner forged the name with the intent to de fraud some one. The jury returned a verdict of Guilty of forgery, but not with intent to defraud. Mr. Justice CRESWELL said—This is no verdict at all, gentlemen, you must consult again. The jury th en returned a verdict of G u ilty. Sentence deter re d . Robert Re e li ng and George Compton wer e indicted for killing a hor se , the Property o f Thomas 'White. Mr. Allen conducted t he case for the prosecution , and Mr. Phinn d e f en d ed the risoners. From the evid ence it appeared that White res ide d at the Anchor public-house a tCoomehay, and was a farmer and publican. He had a stable about 150 yards from his dwelling-house. On the 27th of November last he had four horses in his stable, one of which was called Colonel. O n t h e next morning, upon going to his stable , he saw the h orse C olonel down on its side, in apparently great danger. Th ere was a large woun d i n it s he a d, into which a p erson might have put his f in g er. Moe an, the farrier, was sent for, and by his a d v i ce th e h orse was killed. The n ext morning the horse was skinned, and upon cutting u p the horse a spike nail , seven inch es long, was f oun d i n i ts stomach. The pr i soners h a d b een g in the empl o y o f W hite, and he had ha d occas i on to sum mon them for leaving their emp o yment and at that time Compton ra id t o White that he had been t h e cause o f their being at an expet:s-,, and it should do hi m n o good. Io about a fortnight 1 after this a man of the name of Cave gave him some information. C ave h a d b een i n the employ of th e prosecutor, and ha d l e ft hi m on t h e night of the inj ury , prosecutes. The secretary to the society said we should offer 51. reward, but the prosecutor told him to add 101. White belonged to a society which more, and he would pay that sum. A meeting of the society wag c alled, and this case was spoken of. The prosecutor wrote to the chairman of the society on the 23d of December, begging the society to subscribe fur him, as he had been threatened with various injuries, end unless something was done he should be ruined. Thirteen years ago he had two horses killed ; he then received a subscription of 41. 16s. He did not kill those horses himself, but he never found out who did. He had had a rick burnt down, and received 20/. from the insurance office ; he did not set fire to that rick himself. He was robbed on the road from Bath fifteen years ago. He had been accused of committing an assault, but was honourably acquitted. The horse in question he valued at 30/. There was no nail against which the horse could have knocked his head. Ile had not seen such nails on his premises. lie had ordered some such to be procured. He did not put that nail in the horse himself. The farrier who had killed the horse stated that he took out the entrails of the horse, and Mr. White told him to cut up the melt and the maw of the horse, and in doing so he found a large spike nail, seven inches long; it was in the stomach. There was no hole in the skin. James Cave gave the following extraordinary evi dence—l am nephew to White, and was at Bath that e►ening. I left at seven o'clock to return to Coomehay. I arrived there soon after one o'clock in the morning. When I got near the stable I saw the two prisoners. I then got under a straw rick about ten yards from the stable. The prisoners came along up to the gate near which I was. They leaned ever the gate. Remained three or four minutes, and then went into the stable. Healing took a small pick from under his jacket, and said to Compton, " Mind, we'll have Colonel." Bealing opened th© stable door, and they went in. They stayed there about a quarter of an hour. heard the footsteps of the horses during the time they were there. They then came out of the stable. Bealing said to Compton, " Colonel won't be much more good to him." In about ten minutes after they were gone I went to the stable, and saw Colonel down plunging and kicking on the floor. I went home to my father's. I told him what had happened. I did not mention it to my uncle till the 21st or 22d of December. I left Coomehay two days after it happened. Cross-examined—l did not see my uncle between the 21st of November and the 21st of December ; and I did not tell him because he had discharged me from work, and because one of the prisoners was related to him. I was perfectly sure the prisoners were the men. (In the deposition taken before the magistrates the witness said he was positive as to Bealing, but not so positive as to Compton.) I did not speak to the prisoners because I was afraid. It was a starlight night. When I told my uncle I was not aware . that any reward was offered. I told my father that morning that I had seen Compton and Beating do something that night that would go very hard against them if I was amind to tell of them, and I asked him what day of the month it was. I did not tt 11 my father what it was I had seen them do. I saw Francis on the Ist December. I did not pull out a hand bill and show him. He did not mention anything about it to me. I did not say I wished I knew something about it, I should have a good handful of money then. I know Mr. Allen. He did not ask me whether I knew any thing about the horse being killed. I did not tell him I wished to God I did. The father of the last witness corroborated him as to the story he told him on his going home that morning, The attorney for the prosecution swore that a letter was in the handwriting of the prosecutor, but which letter the prosecutor had most dis:inetly sworn was not in his handwriting. For the prisoners it was urged that the horse had died from a disease called " the frets," and that having before had subscriptions raised for him the prosecutor had put the nail into the horse's tomach, after death, with a view of making it be believed that thQ horse had been killed, is order that he might get up a subscription in his favour. Malice or revenge could not be imputed to the prose cutor, but the sordid desire of gain. Witnesses were then called who swore that the letter which the prosecutor bad sworn was not in his hand writing had been written by him. (This was an anony mins letter, purporting to have been addressed to the prosecutor himself, recommending a larger n ward to he ofrer,d.) Other witnesses then clearly proved that the two prisoners were in bed the whole of that night, and they also disproved many of the statements made by James Cave. The jury Acquitted the prisoners. Mr. Jittice CRESSWELL then directed that the prose cutor and Cave, the witness, should be conarnitted, in order that they might be indicted for perjury, April 3. John Charles Tapp was indicted for forging a cheque for the payment of 901. 16s , with intent to defraud Messrs. Stuckey's Banking Company, in January last. Mr. Phinn and Mr. Esdaile were counsel for the pro secution, and*Mr. Stone and Mr. Saunders defended the prisoner. It appeared that the prisoner was a miller, and on the 23,1 of January a person by the name of Rutter drew a cheque on Messrs. Stuckey's Banking Company, at Wells, for 91. 165., and that cheque he gave to the pri soner. On Monday, the 25th of January, the prisoner went to the bank at Wells, and presented a cheque fur 901. 165., which purported to have been drawn by Messrs. Rutter. He had a shawl tied round the lower part of his face, and a handkerchief tied over his left eye. After being asked several questions, the prisoner was paid the amount of the cheque. The prisoner put the notes in a pocket-book. A gentleman went into the bank just be fore the prisoner left, and a communication having taken place between that gentleman and Captain Giles, one of the partners in the bank, suspicion was created ; and the next night, about twelve o'clock, Captain Giles and Hall, the Bath officer, went to the prisoner's house at Hol combe. They saw the prisoner, and asked him what be had done with the cheque—whether he had paid it away, and to whom? The prisoner replied that he had not paid it away, but had lost it the day before. Hall told him he had a suspicion of the person who had presented it at the bank, and it was necessary for the ends of justice that the prisoner should return with them to Wells. The prisoner said it was impossible he could go to Wells that day, as he trust go to Frome to pay his taxes. Hall said he would arrange that, but the prisoner still said he c-uld not go. Hall then said he was an officer, and the prisoner must go with him. The pri soner then consented to go. Messrs. Stuckey had thirty banks of issue, and had upwards of 300,000 notes in cir culation. Tile Rev. Mr. Barnard, one of the canons at Wells, was in the bank when the prisoner was there, and beard him say he lived at Horrington; and Mr. Barnard being the incumbent of that parish his attention was at tracted to the prisoner, and lie did not know him, and that led to a communication between Mr. Barnard and Captain Giles. On the day in question the prisoner was at the Royal Oak public-house, in Wells. He asked his way to Stuckey's bank, and for a pen and ink. lie took something out of his pocket and wrote upon it. Mr. STONE, on behalf of the prisoner, contended that there was not sufficient evidence of identity. The jury found the prisoner Guilty, and he was sen tenced to fourteen years' transportation. The prisoner ,said, " Though I am found guilty, my Lord, I am innocent." In the Nisi Prius Court, Mr. Justice Williams was occupied on Thursday. and Friday in trying an action for an attorney's bill; and to-day ho has been engaged in trying a cause relative to the manor of Tamerton Dean. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. THAMES. ROBBERY ON THE HIGH SEAS.—Three seamen, named James Mab!er, John Sinclair-, and John Dunmore, of the barque Polly, of Glasgow, were charged before Mr. Ballantine, with stealing a boat from that vessel. Mr. Pelham appeared for the prosecution. It appeared from the evidence gone into, that on the 14th of September last, the vessel was lying off the west coast of Peru, at which time a boat (a pinnace) was safely moored alongside. The next morning the boat and five of the crew were missing ; search was made for them on shore, but they could not be found, and the master forwarded letters to the authorities along the coast, giving a description of the men, and stating their desert on ; he also got the matter of another vessel which was sailing to give information to the consul at_Callao, through which the three prisoners were captured and put in irons, and the boat was found and sent to Callao ; but the master had to pay 50 dollars for its redemption. The prisoners were taken before the consul, who sent them on board the Polly as prisoners, to be conveyed to England. The other two men were never discovered. The depositions taken before the consul were laid before Mr. Ballantine, who thought that there was not a tittle of evidence against the prisoners, and he therefore dis charged them. The men complained much of the harsh treatment they had received. THE LICENSED VICTUALLERS AND THE DISTILLERS. A memorial, which has been signed by the governor of the Incorporated Society of Licensed Victuallers, by many of the past governors of that society, and by a vast number of the trade, is about to be presented to the Lords of the Treasury, the prayer of which is to remove the anomaly that exists in the fact " That spirits pro duced by Irish and Scotch distillers cannot be brought fairly into competition with spirits manufactured by English distillers, because the Irish and Scotch distillers are obliged to pay the duty on spirits forwarded to England immediately on its being landed in that country, and before the same can be bought and received by the rectifiers ; whilst the English distillers send their spirits the instant they are produced to the rectifiers, without being called upon to pay the duty, until twenty one days have expired, from the date of produce. That due preference enables the six principal distillers in the metropolis virtually to enjoy a monopoly of the trade, and at all times to determine the prices, and regulate the supplies." The memorialists pray that the Irish end Scotch dis tillers should be allowed to place their spirits in bond under similar regulations to those applicable to the im porters of foreign and colonial spirits, and those who purchase such importations, by which they have the privilege of retaining the same in hand until sales are effected for immediate consumption : for they say that if this were so, they would be able to pur chase at the cheapest periods, and to pay the duty, as the demand fur consumption might regulate, whilst all parties being placed on the same footing, a fair com petition mai ket would be established. The public would gain by the cheapening of prices, and the revenue would be improved by increased consumption. The memorial which has emanated from Mr. T. Keasley, of the Fox, Islington green, a past Governor of the Incorporated Society, and also a past Chairman of the Protection Society, lies at his house for further sig natures. The memorial will be presented in a few days. On Saturday Mr. \Vakley, M.P., held an inquest at the Pollards' Arms, Guildford-street, Russoll-square, on the body of Mrs. Newby, aged 52 years, a lady of large property, residing at 16, MeAlenburgh square. It appeared that the deceased, who was a widow lady, on the afternoon of Tuesday last, about four o'clock, was sitting alone in the drawing-room, when her dress was suddenly ignited while she was asleep by a red-hot cinder tailing out of the grate, and although she quickly awoke, and her screams brought the servAuts to her as sistance, she was eo dreadfully burned that she only lived until the next day, Verdict—Accidental Death. MARYLEBONE VESTRY. CONDUCT OF THE DIRECTORS AND GUARDIANS. On Saturday, at a very fully attended meeting of the Marylebone Vestry (the Rev. Dr. Spry in the chair), on an application from the hoard of directors and guardians, for the sum of 9001. for the poor during the ensuing week, _ _ Mr. POTTER, in rising to move that the application be granted, proceeded with great warmth to defend the conduct of the late board of guardians from the imputations which bad been cast on them of being the cause of reducing the parish of St. Marylebone to a state of bankruptcy.—(hear, hear, and No, no.) He regretted to see those charges put forth in the public press, as emanating from gentlemen in that vestry on the previous Saturday. They were also charged with giving a low estimate for the relief of the poor, with a view of pinching the bellies of the poor inmates of the workhouse.—(llear, and No, no.) He threw back the imputation with contempt, and was prepared to declare that the late board of di rectors arid guardians, so far from being compelled to hear malignant vituperation in that vestry, were en titled to that vote of thanks which the vestry had unanimously accor3ed to them.—(Hear and No.) It was true that when, in 1846,•an estimate for the re lief of the poor was proposed to the extent of 45,5001., the board considered that 42,0001., a one penny rate, would be sufficient ; and how was it that it was not ? Why, from circumstances which no human foresight could have seen. At the beginning of 1846 it was utterly impossible for the board to foretell that there would be such an advance in the price of grain and other provisions as there had been. On the contrary, they had strong reasons for believing that, in conse quence of the free-trade measures passing the Legis lature, there would be a diminution in price, and up to the month of June, circum s t ances s h owe d hat they were correct. With respect to the question as to provisions in the commencement of the year 1846, flour was 465., and subsequently 40s. per sack ; whereas, in the latter end of 1846, and the be ginning of the present year, it was as high as 555. 6d., or a difference of lla. 6d. per sack between April and April of the two years, and 50 sacks were consumed weekly. In the article of potates, at the beginning of 1846, they were bought at 41. 10s. per ton, whereas for the last six months they had averaged 101. per ton, and three tons per week were consumed. Oatmeal had risen from 14s. to 215., peas from 7s. 3d. to 1 ls. and rice from 21s. to 28s. In addition to all this unforeseen increase in the price of provisions, the excess of pauperism, as compared with the previous year, was 3,000 persons; the additional cost for which during the last seventeen weeks had amounted to 3,8101., and the board of directors and guardians had 8100 been compelled to erect a nightly asylum for the destitute, against their will, at a cost of 1,5001. Yet, with all this extra expense and increased amount of pauperism, as well as the high price of provisions, the vestry were only called upon to raise 6,0001. be yond the estimate. He contended, therefore, that the strictures upon the late board of guardians were un just and most unwarrantable. There was 31,0001. o rates still uncollected, and if extraordinary exertions were used, as on a previous occasion, 14,0001. could be obtained in one week. Mr. GEORGE DANIELL defended the course he had thought proper to pursue on the previous Saturday, and contended that had the late board of directors acted with common forethought they might have prevented the difficulty into which they had driven the parish. With regard to the charges made against the directors, he did charge them with doing several acts which he considered most prejudicial to the interests of the parish and the poor. In one case they had dane away with industrious habits in the workhouse, and had substituted for it a system of idleness. Another point was, the alteration of the diet of the workhouse.—(Dear, hear.) He would not say that the board had altered the diet with a view of inflicting suffering upon the poor, but he would fearlessly assert that such suffering had been inflicted by the change. AI. ANDERSON, as a member of the late board of directors and guardians, repudiated the defence of Mr. Potter, as that of the board. Sir JAMES HAMILTON hoped that this would be the last time the vestry would visit the late Board of Guardians with their displeasure. It was true they had erred in giving too low an estimate for a poor 's rate, but he must say he firmly believed the great cause of the deficiency was attributable to the great national calamity.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. SODEN said that he believed there was only one miserable rag of the system adopted by the late board, and which had involved the parish in difficulty left, and he had given notice for its abolition on Fri day next. He meant the obnoxious plan of doing away with manufactures in the workhouse.—(Hear.) After some further discussion, the motion was car ried, and the vestry separated. DUTCH MAIL. BRESLAU, MARCH 23.—The workmen collected yesterday in a disorderly manner, and proceeded to very deplorable excesses. The disorders which began yesterday morning, continued in the afternoon. The mob assembled before a house which was building, destroyed the part that was finished, and drove away the foreign workmen. The rioters then proceeded to the Town Hall, and impetuously demanded work. rhe magistrates had hoped that the rioters would dis perse of themselves; but they saw it was high time to take decisive measures. A large military force was called out. At seven in the evening the rioters collected near St. Magdalen's church-yard, from which a company of infantry drove them, At half-past eight o'clock they proceeded to the market-place, where they evidently deliberated, and then cried " march." They then repaired to the theatre and government-house, where they destroyed nearly the whole of the windows. Detachments of cavalry and infantry patrolled the streets. Some of the rioters were arrested—their companions endea voured to rescue them—an affray ensued, and blood was shed. Still tranquillity was not as yet restored, though the rioters were often dispersed by the mili tary, they assembled again and broke hundreds of windows, till about eleven o'clock when tranquillity was restored. Every precaution is now taken to prevent a repetition of such disorders. MARCH 24.—1 am able to-day to give you the welcome news that order is restored. Some persons, who seem disposed to resist the orders that were given, were quietly arrested, as, likewise, some who were noticed to be particularly active yesterday evening. The streets are clear, and the troops have retired to their barracks. To-clay the magistrates set 300 unemployed workmen to level a piece of ground. BRUSSELS, APRIL 1. —The Augsburg Gazette states, on the authority of a letter from Berlin, that the bad harvest of the last two years, has had the effect of considerably diminishing the receipts of the Zollverein. Among other things, the importations of sugar, coffee, and tobacco, has diminished from 6to 8 per cent. This diminution is the more re markable, as since the existence of the Zollverein, the importation of these articles increased every year at the rate of 10 to 12 per cent. The importation of raw cotton diminished in 1846 100,000 cwt. THE HAGUE, APRIL I.—The following bulletin of the King's health has been published this morning : " The symptoms of fever which his Majesty felt yesterday, lasted only some hours. His Majesty sat up a great part of the day yesterday, and enjoyed several hours good sleep during the night. If his Majesty continues in the same favourable state, it is not intended to publish any bulletin to-morrow. "'The Hague, 31st March. (Signed) "P. F. J. EVERHARD, M.D. " BECKERS, M.D. THE HAGUE, Arian. 2.—As we hoped yesterday, his Majesty's health continues to improve, so that no fresh bulletin has been issued to-day. A letter from Naples, of the 17th March, says—" His Majesty the Emperor of Russia has again invited the King in the most flattering terms to pay him a visit at St. Petersburgh. Accordingly a report has been in cir culation for some days past that their Majesties intended to take a journey to Vienna and other places. However, as it is well known that his Majesty is fond of keeping his projects of travel secret, and that he is accustomed to take those about him by surprise, no more is spoken of at present than a journey which the King will take to Rome immediately after Easter.—Dutch Pa pers, April 3. FOUL AIR. TO THY. EPITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—ln your paper of yesterday, under the head of " Lamentable Accident," you give an account of the death of one man, and the imminent danger of another, from the foul air in a well. Some years ago, in passing through Houndsditch, I saw some men opening a well; the air was so foul that a lighted candle was extin guished the instant it was introduced beneath the aur face. The plumber employed told me that the well was about 36 feet deep, and that it would not be safe for any one to venture down in less than 24, or perhaps 20 hours. I bought half a pound of powdered chloride of lime at a neighbouring chymist's, and instructed the plumber to miz it in small quantities with many pails of water, and then to dash the water down the well. Li exactly 20 minutes from throwing down the first pailful the plumber, having previously tried the well with a candle, descended it himself, and came up declaring that, though the strength of the chloride affected his eyes, there was not a particle of foul air remaining. If you think the publication of this fact may be the means of preventing future accidents, pray make what use of it you think proper. I s i gn my name, but do not wish it to appear in your paper. Your obedient servant, i. Mu!grave Al;:m•works, near Whitby, March 31. P.S. The eh', ride of lime is chiefly manufactured at Glasgow, and is, I believe, a very cheap article when bought in quantity. It is well known as " bleaching powder." DRAMATIC INTELLIGENCE. Some months ago we announced that Lady Boothby was about to return to the stage, and we added that she would re-adopt her name of Nisbett. Our asser" tion was industriously contradicted at the time, but we well knew our authority, and within the last week it has been repeated in nearly all the daily papers of London. Moreover, we mentioned the very theatre of her reappearance, and we referred to an instance in point—that of Lady Slingsby, in the reign of Charles IL, the only lady of title that had figured on the stage. She was the wife of a poor.baronet, and acted during the life of her husband, and under her husband's name. She retired in 1(i85. Lady Booth' by's maiden name was Macnamara, but she came out as Miss Mordaunt, and withdrew on her marri:age with Captain Nisbett. Becoming early a widow, sire was at one time about to be married to Mr. Feargus O'Connor, but circumstances, into which we need not enter, prevented that union. After continuing some two or three years on the board , , she received an offer from Sir W. Boothby, which she nc' cepted, and, it was thought quitted the stage (t 0 which she was much and naturally attached, on account of her eminent success) for ever. Sir 1 1(. ' Boothby dying, it was found that she was most in' adequately provided for by his will ; and v e ry s oon afterwards Lady Boothby gave out that she intended to return to the stage. The project was for s otn o time opposed by Sir W. Boothby's family, an d, If we are not mistaken, terms were offered to Ladi Boothby in order to induce her to forego it. NO satisfactory arrangement having since been come to, she determined to ccrry her intention into effect. This, we apprehend, is the short history o f the matter, and we may congratulate the public on again having the opportunity of seeing once more an actress quite unequalled in her department. ller re-appearance will form an era at the Haymarket , especially in her charming character in " The Love Chase," which she acted more than. 100 times in its first season. It is stated in the theatrical circles that the Keeler have determined upon giving up the Lyceum, 111 consequence of the large addition of rent required of them, and that Macready has made au offer for the house. If this be so—and we have reason te, think it is true—we shall again have tragedy O.° comedy represented in the heart of the metropolis . Whom Macready is to have to support him i n the female characters seems quite uncertain ; but her friends say positively that it will not be Mrs. Butler. We do not think they could pull together in the same harness at all harmoniously and steadily, and neither of them would like to be a secondary attraction. The same objection would in some degree apply to 1 11 ' .8 Cushman, and we should be sorry to see Mi ss Addy son (whose real name, by the way, is Wilmhurs9 withdrawn from the meritorious Phelps at Sadler Wells. The additional sum required as rent from th e Keeley's is understood to be 1,200/. a year; and a° lessee seems to have no recollection of the manner in which they came forward to rescue his horse from its bad name. But for them it might have bee° tenantless at this moment, and many deemed the er periment most hazardous. Whither they will remot e is very questionable. Somewhere they must go, fo r the town cannot, and will not, do v.ithout then:. The! have proved themselves excellent managers, and hav e realised considerably at the Lyceum, though of lat e their houses have not been so good as formerly, wheel they produced more frequent novelties. Th e Strap Theatre seems the only one on this side of the w ater that is just now open to them ; but it is as much to o small as Drury-lane is too large, If Buck s t on e built his proposed new house in Leicester-square, I might have suited the Keeleys exactly. • DEATH OF MR. LEMAN REDS THE DRAMATIC AUTHOR AND COMEDIAN' This gentleman, Mr. William Leman ReJe, 5 , ° well known to the public as the wr i ter o f so m a n y successful dramatic pieces, and equa lly a d m i re d 05; contributor to the weekly andmonthly literature °' the day, expired, after a very brief illness, on Saturday at ten in the morning, at his house, 32, Southatog; ton-street, Strand. The immediate cause of-h is death was an attack of apoplexy, which struck on his arrival at home on Thursday evening, and eft s thirty hours' suffering he quitted this mortal scen e ' Unexpected as was the calamitous event, his heal th had been seriously undermined for a considerab e period. Three surgical operations were performed °n him by Dr. Liston, which, with an attack of gou t ' ' had completely broken up a once robust frame' Mr. Rede was born in the year 1802, in the Cl t Y., of Hamburgh. His father was Th omas Laos" Rede, Esq., barrister-at-law, author of variel works of merit. Two of them are, " The L a ws ° England," and a translation of Pierre's " Anecdotel of Eminent Characters." Mr. Rede's father d ie r , when the subject of these lines was only eight Ye to of age. His mother, with five children, came „d e , England and settled in London, where Mr. continued to the period of his death, with the a : 1 ception of the time sp en t i n ma ki ng some provinaW tours during connexion with the stage as a performer. It is scarcely possible to overrate the extent of his varied knowledge; endowed with a prodigious L' " mory and extraordinary conversational powers, was the admired associate of a large circle of friend!; indeed, it may be truly said of him, that h e rarely t spoke but to instruct, and scarcely tou c h e d a subj ec s he did not adorn. His drama hi e years, compositions, for r years, are very numerous, and th e pr i nc ipal rai, lessees, past and present, have grea tly b ene fited I)/ his facile and graceful pen. " The Old and Young. Stager," written to introduce Mr. Charles Math B ' to the stage of the Olympic Theatre in 18, 3 1, ° ; was acted eighty-four ni g ht s i n success i on . " Affair of Honour," written to exhibit Liston $W Keeley together, was equ a lly success f u l. "Th e Love ; of the Angels" (Cupid in London), "Flight to rice," "his First Champagne," "Frolics of the Fairies," " Sixteen String Jack," "J o lly Dick, th e Lamplighter," "Jack in the 'Water," and " Th e Bake" Progress" (the latter drama was acted a n entir e season), are but a small portion of hi s dramati c labours. He was also a large contributor to the Ne e ; Monthly, Bentley's, and other magazines. As a vvri n te n of pieces des circonstanes h e was mos t f e li c it ous . v.; the opening of the Stra n d Th ea t re w ith R ayne r, 1- 1832, and on the return o f J o h n R eeve f rom Am eriel i Rede was applied to for his aid to introduce each Pe r u . former to the audience. When Mr. W. J. Hamm° became lessee and manager of the Stra n d, Mr.liede , called upon for a local ske..ch, which he supplied, under t the title of " Cofw to Town ;" i n d ee d th e hapPie, e ; parts ever represented by Liston, John Reeve, Char Mathews, Keeley, and G. Wild, were furnished 1, 2 him. As a performer, h e was c hi e fl y k nown t o tl' e public from his ard en t f r i en d s hi p f or pro f essors o f t° e , sock and buskin, by pl a yi ng f o r every b ene fit that his name and exertions could at all serve. 1101/ painful it is to state that, with the most commandi n g talent in various departments of literature, his oWi l interest should have weighed as dust in the balance' but such is the truth. In 1830 he was united t ° Miss Sarah Cooke, daughter of Mr. Cooke, bass singer of Drury-lane Theatre, and cousin of Mrs' Waylett and Mr. W. West. By his union with th at lady he has left a son ten years of age. Dr. Robert s and Dr. Richards attended him most sedulously to his last illness, but he never spoke during the thief hours it lasted. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—The Registered Paletot t Llama cloth, the most fashionable coat for both the presen ts and approaching seasons, still retains the same mode es O r , price, which, with its usefulness and gentlemanly sP Eag ia ance, has neural such gereral popul ar ity. It h as bees: v . o a by special command for their Roy a l Highnesses - 1 - Qo e Albert, Prince George of Cambridge, Prince Edward o f i 'J er ,l Weimar, his Grace the Duke of Wellington, and the se r, royal visitors to the British Court. I n London it can onlJ ill. Agents 4e4: Dawbarn and Son, Bold-street; for Dublin, GI Relent - street, n h t o -s p t a r t e e e n t, t eaesn,dll. 22,J- and orn h . D D. Nicoll, Court be tailors,Li Liverpool, p .r u p h lll a Macdona, Molesworth-street ; for Birmingham, Wareing an Son, New-street; for Edinburgh, Christie and Son, George' street; and the principal tailors in other large towns. The Russian Government has officially declared t° the Cabinets of Vienna and Berlin, that for the future no foreign officer will be allowed to take part i n the campaigns of t h e R uss i an troops in the Caucasus, un l e ss he will consent to be naturalised, and to take au oath o f fidelity to the Czar. BIRTHS. On the Ist inst., the Lady Ashley, of a daughter. On the 30th ult., at Highclere Parsonage, Hants, the Da of the Rev. R. Macdonald Caunter, of a daughter. On the Ist inst., in Grosvenor-street, Mrs. Charles Lewis of a daughter. On the Ist inst., the lady of R. H. Terrell, Esq., of Med ( ' lenburgh-street, of a son. On the 2d inst., in Hamilton-terrace, St. John's-wood, Mr s ' H. T. Wright, of a son. On the 2d inst., in Hans-place, Mrs. Rose, of Glastullici l f of a daughter. On th e 2d i ns t ., a t Southses, aE. lady of Captain • Fanshawe, R.N., of a son. On the 2d inst., Mrs. Druitt, Curzon-street, of a son. On the 2d inst., at Greenwich, Mrs. Thomas H. Thong' son, of a ton. On the 3d inst., in Chester-street, Belgrave-square, Mrs. 0° Sampson, of a son. On the 3d inst., the wife of W. Wood, Esq., of Bethlenl llospital, of a daughter. MARRIED. On the IRh of February, at Trichinopolv, Captain Whistler, Madras Artillery, Deputy Judge Advocate-Genera of that ar m y, t o H e l en H am ilt on , e ld est d aug h ter o f MAP' , John Fulton, of the Madras Army. DIED. At Warneford-place, Ilighworth, Wilts, the Hon. Eliza both Warneford, relict of the late Colonel Warneford. On the 30th ult., at Bath, the Rev. William Penrice nor' rett, rector of Siston, Gloucester. On the 30th ult., at Glyn Garth, Anglesey, Charles llenrY' the infant son of Ilugh Beaver, Esq. On the 31st ult., at Selwood-terra c e, B rom pton, Mr s ' Elizlbeth Syers, relict of the late J. Syers, Esq. of On the 31 s t u lt., A nn; th e w if e o f I saac 4 -therms.% Finchley-common, Middlesex, Esq. Oa the 31st ult., at the Close, Lichfield J: Ilarcrorth, EA' - - - _ LoTion: Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of No. 13 strand, Printer, at The Bun Office, W 0.112, Strs nd, in the Pre eMG the Savoy, in the Comity of Middlesex, Monday, April 5 1847 ( OF] au( am sig flu fon J A I I