The Sun. — London, England, 1817-08-30 00:00:00

SOUTH AMERICA. As this part of the world has now become the 'theatre 'ot War, of which, amidst the conflicting -accounts of triumphs and defeats, it is impossible to form any probable conjecture as to the ulti mate result, it !mist naturally be an object of general curiosity. We have, therefore, extracted the following Article from the ABBI: DI PaAnT's reCellt Wotk " THECoi e oNIES AND THE ritE sENT , AMERICAN REVOLUTION." VIC high I.epu tation the well-known • leatijing pol deal sagacity, aria expericocc, and - the part which he acted while BUONAPALITg, by the per mission of Providence, was suffered to disturb mankind, reader it wholly unne'ce'ssary for us to recommend to our readers any woik from so dis- tinoishvd a character : " The- first Spanish province in this country is Carthagena, which stretches 50 leagues along the coast, and SO into the interior of the country.— The town so Called was built in 1527; burned by _Drake in 1555, taken by Pontis in '1692, and in 1741 Admiral Vernon withdrew front before it : it is well fortified, and well built,. lint very un healthy; its,population is above 30,000 souls. St. Martha and Venezuela are situated iri the neigh bourhood ; the name of the last at - rise front the reset:mblance Which the site of the town beats to that of Venice. ChArles V. ceded it to certain A ugsboing Merchants, then the richest in Europe, who had ht conie ,his creditors. They were the means of their own expulsion, from their veXa tions conduct. This country derives its principal importance from the cultivation a cacao the 'Cacao which is known by the name of Cacao Caraca, because Caracas is the prticipal mart where it is disposed of ; it is, at this moment, the e. y focus of :he war against Spain. after this country comes the kingdom of New Grenada, formed 'in 1/18 by a dismeoober ment front the Viceroyalty of 'Vein. It 'contiiins 64,520 square leagues ; its population amounts to 1,800,000. The conquest is dated from 1526. The country is very rich in gold wines. • The p ro vi n ce of Quito forms a hart of it ; the Spa friArds inhabit no more than the valley of. that name, which is SU leagues long, antlls broad, • formed of two branches of the, Cordilleras. It is one of the most charming placei to live in, and the finest soil in the who!e world. Q74inquiha, or Jesuit;' balk, 'is the growth of this province : that . treeolbieh may be called the friend of Man, the of which pursue the prihciples of corrtip tion through all the veins of the body . where they tan introthrce t4utselvcs. The best grows at " Peru, that 'opulent. country, the name of which has becotne synon) 1110 us with riches', was discovered by Balboa in 1313, attacked by Pizar ro and filtnagto in 1514, and conquered by diem in, 1331, after such , prodigies of boldness, cou rage, and pet severance, us wet e sufficient to cover a p art o f th e horrors with which the 'conquerors defiled themselves; unheard-of assembh:ge . of grandeur and of crimes, at one .time above man, at another below_monsters ! It would he useless• to retrdce every thing which gave them this-power ful empire, the frauds ,which put them in,posscs-. sion. of the Emperor, and the horrible (Leath .of that _Sovereign, the distractions w hicinfollowa, and Abe wars which were lighted up .between the conquerors themselves, now become /fnplacable enemies. Altuagio massacred. by Pizar/o, I'izar, ro by the sons of Almagro, anti all theft:hick/101; ling.by mutual blows, as it they were all to 'Vet ye equally as a rnonutne'nt< of that Justice, whiieli is constantly awake at all times, and in all latices. Peru contains 30,000 square leagues; its pOptilit.-, tion.atnounts -to 1,000,000 inhahitants. It is 'a very close country, and lottinded by the largest mountiins in . the world. Chimboraco, whi c h i s the most elevated, is 3,220 toiscs above the level of the sea. Lima is the capital of Peru, built by Francis Pizarro, in 1535, on a - fine piece of grountil it was destroyed by art earthquake on the 26th of October, 1746. Lima means the Town of Silver, a denomination which her riches secure from the ...... reproach of usurpation. Its population amounts to nearly 100,000 souls. It never rains at Lima ; and that verdure whicA,the, firmament refuses it, by an exception altupst singular in the world, is' kept up bye mist which rises evety da,y, anti which is the only cause of the fertility which •it enjoys. kinayaquil, situated to the north of Lima, reckons 60,000 inhabitants : it is the mart for the commerce carried on -between the two parts of Spanish America and the South Sea. Almost all the Mines' of Peru arc confined to the most moon-, tairious parts of that country; a circumstance Avhich makes it a difficult matter, to export them. Te produce is reduced to a very trifle. We may easily judge of it from the revenue of thi: coon-. which does not make a higher . return to Spain than twenty-four millions of francs, of which only six millions are sent to the parent state. " Chili became subject to Spain in 153.5. Ittasso was the conqueror, who made himself mas ter bt it without apposition. It contains 22,596 " l o re l e A g o e s ; the population amoun:s to eight hundred thousand inhabitants. Thi s country is the terrestrial paradise of Spanish America, a fine soil; a ternpera te - the tine and the fruits there, all kinds of ant i_ Europe have succe . eded Thals have been naturalized in it with great suc cess, and the horse 'excels in beauty and quality thoie - uf Andalusiit, to whom he is indebted for his joble origin. There ate' in , sotne• parts of Chili, tit , lit all America,' a certain number of In dians vvho , lfae resisted Spanish domination; who occupy a considerable spice. in the interior of the country; the . §Paniiirds dill thi:m Indian bravos.. The island's o,f Chiloe and of Juan Fernandez ate situated on thrvrestern side of Chili.: the fitst is fifty leagues loJtg and seven broad ; • the - second,• still smaller, has been rendered faluous by the re cital which..Adukral A 1 , 1.5011 gives of his stay in that island : in reading it; one:miglit fancy himself transported into those abodiiS which the itnagina tbns of rortuthee-writert -hare created for their amusement at so little expense." PAR4 - IAMEN'I'AR . ):' PAPERS. An .Ict fur the Prevention of Persons go'ing armed h Night for the Destruction of Game; and for repealing an Act, made in the last Session of Parliament, ..relating to Rogues wand Vagabonds. [July to, Ist 7.] Whereas idle and disorderly persons frequently go armed in the night-time for the purpose of pro twins: themselves, and aiding and abetting and assisting each other in the illegal destruction of game or rabbits ; and where33.sitch practices are found by experience to lead to the COMCIIiSSiOn of felonies and murders : for the more effectual sup pression thereof, be it enacted by the King's most Exe s llent Aliijesty, and tt ith the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual awl Temporal, and Commons, in this esent Parliament assembled, and by Ilse authority of the same, that it any pet: son or persons, having entered into any forest, chase, park, wood, plantation,' close, or other open or inclosed ground, with the intent illegally to destroy, take, or kill game or rabbits, or with the intent to aid, abet, and assist any person or persons ill, golly to destroy, take,,or kill . r,ame, or rabbits,, shall be found at night, that is to say, be tween the hours of six in the evening and seven iu the morning from the first day of October to the first day of February, •hetween seven in the evenhos and five in the mottling from the first day of February to the first day of April, and lie t weein nine in 'the evening and four in the fawning for the remainder of the year, armed with any gun, cross-bow, fire-arms, bludgeon, or any other of en weapon, every such !seism) so of-' lending, being thereof lawfully convicted, shall be adjudged guilty of a roisdemeaneir, and shall be sentenced to transpoitatiOn for seven years, or shall receive such• other puoishment as may by law be inflicted oft persoos guilty of misdemea nour, and as the Court before which such offen ders may be tried anti convicted shall adjudge ; 'anti if any such offender or offenders shall return into Great Britain before the expiration of the term for which he or they shall be so transported, contrary to the intent and meaning beieof, he or they so returning, and being thereof duly cOns victed, shall be adjudged guil t y of fcloity, and -shall be sentenced to transportation for the term . .or terms of his or their natural life or lives. 11. And for the more easy and speedy bringing the . offendtrs against this act to justice, be it fur ther enacted, that it shall and may be lawful t 6 and for the ranger and rangers, and to and for the owner and owners, occupier and occupiers of any such forest, chase,POrk; wood, plantation, close, or Other (Teo Or inclosed - ground, anti also for his, her, or their keeper mid keepers,'set vont and ser vants, and also for any other perSbn or persons, to seize and appiebenit or to assist in seizing and apprehending such offender or offenders by virtue of this Act, and by the autlserity• of. the same to' convey and deliver such offender or off en d ers i n t o the custody of a peace officer, who is hereby au thorized ahd directed to Convey such 'offender or offenders before some one o f HS Majesty's Justi ces of the Peace for the County or placeos here such offence shall be allegetd to have been Com mitted ; or in case such offender or offenders shall not be so apprehended, then it shall and may be lawful for any such justice, on, iutormat ion before him on the oath of any credible witness nesses, to issue his warrant for the apprehensiots of such offender or otiettdet s ; and :if - upon the apprehension of any such offender or offenders it shall .appear to such justice, on the oath of' any credible witness or witnesses, that the person or persons so charged bath or have - beet) guilty of the crime of being loond armed . afaright as afore said, it shall nod may be laWful for such justice to admit sorb person or persons so charged to bail, nod iii default of bail to commit sods pCrson or persons7to Ilse county Gaud until the next General Quarter Sessions of toe Peace, or the next Gene ral Commission of Gaol. DeliVerv, to be holden for the same ecotnty or place, there to be tried ;and dealt avith as by this Act is directed - ; nod if in Scotland, until sitds person or persons,:sts charged shall be dealt with as any person or persons ant ged with a transportable offence may be dealt with ac cording to the !Ow and practice. of Scotland. 111. And belt further enacted, That if any i4Crtni or persons shall after the passing of this Act iiirlaWfully enter into or be found in arty fo rest, chase, prk, wood, plantation, close, or other open or inclosed ground at night, according to the provisions of this Act, with respect to what shall 'be deemed night for the purposes hereof, having ate- net; engine, or other instrument, for the purpose and with the intent to destroy, take, or kill, or shall wilfully destroy, take, or kill game, it shall and May be lawful to and for the ranger and rangers, and to and for the owner and owners, occopier and occupiers Of any such forest, chase, park, wood, plantation, close, or other open or inclosed ground, and also for his, her, or their keeper and keepers, servant and servants, and also for any other person or persons, to seize and apprehend or 'to assist in seizing awl apprehend ing such offender or offenders by vitt Ueo f this Act, and by the authority of the same to convey and deliver such offender or Offenders intlo the Custody Of a Peace Officer, who is hereby authorized and directed to convey Stich offender-or offenders before sortie one of his Majesty's Justices of the Penej for the county or place where such offence shall be alleged to have been committed, to be - dealt with according to law, • IV. And be it (lather enacted, That an A ct =dein the last Session of parliathent, intioded airAet to repeal an Act Made its the thitty-ninth and fortieth, years of his present Majesty's reign, intittded An Act'to exteml the provisions of en Act made in the seventeenth year of the reign o f King George the , Second, ilitioded " An Act to amend and make snore effectual the laws relating to rogues, vagaboOds, and other idle and disorderly pet - sous, and to I-looses of Correction," and to make other, provisions in lieu thereof; shall be and tile same is hereby repealed, ~ V. And he iefurthee enacted, 'That the said Act made' iu the thirty-ninth and fortieth years of his present Alajeity, intituleil An Act to extend:the provisions of an Acs - matte in the seventeenth year of the reign of King GeOrge the Second, intitoled An Act to amend and make more effectual' the biws.relating to rogues, vagabonds, and other - idle and disorderly .persons, nod to ;Houses of Cor rection,' shall be and the same is hereby repealed. cis l"l' fioc. Yesterday . 3-c''ennight theitight Rev. Dr. GEo. I1,1!x ve LAW,- Lord 13 . 35h0n of this Diocese, field Iris Vlsitation iu Nantwibh, when he confirmed nearly 900 ,miles, and upwards of 1090 femaleß, in the R:risli Church. (hi this occasion, the Right 11ev. the Diocesan, delieered his charge to the Clergy, of which (as We understand it. is simi lar to what he bus deliveted throughout the-Dio cese), the following-is an His Lordship, after stating that than advati-• Cages accrued from • a frequent Visitation of rite Diocese, expressed his warmest approbation of the met ions exertions of the Clergy, in . sttpport of " the Slo'ciet y for nromoting Christian Know led4e,"•and " the National Systetn of Religions Education," and Ohserved, that his sentiments de clared at his first Visitation, respecting these and other institutions, remained unaltered. lie then explained the fundamental doctrines of the Christian Religion, and the distinguishing te nets of the Church of England, observing, or- • phatically., that we are justified solely through the merits of Jesus Christ, .and by faith. in "limn, and not by our own works ; but that thelatter always accompany the former, and are evidences of its existence. He patticularly insisted upon-the in- . efficacy of faith, unless accompanied by that hon., ness without which " no man shall see the Lord." He proceeded to refute a charge frequently made against the Ministers of the Church, of substi tuting Ethical discussions for Evangelical dis courses', by sliming, that the pure mora lity o f the Gospel-is explained and enrorred in the pulpits. of tire Establishment, and that 0111. Saviour's ser mon upon the Mount is a most excellent-model tor ours. His Lordship next took a luminous and com prehensive view of the Calvinistic doctrine of Predestination, and its consequent Final Persever 7 once ;" and while lie skewed, in the most interesting anti eloquent manner, its inconsistency with the principles of Revealed Troth, and the tendency to sap the foundations of moral obligation, and of man's responsibility ; his charity led hit to avow his belief in the piety and sincerity of many who believed, and preached those doctrines. "To those," .said his Lordship, " who Are not of us,-4- - to thbse, all forbearance, and toleration, and re-, specs, ought to be shewn ; for, if adversariei, they are fair and open ones." He then Made some pertinent and striking re marks on the conduct of such as, professing them selves Ministers of the, Esta - blishment, and exclu sively assuming the character of Evangelical, are secretly undermining the fabric they profess to support,. • • I Ills Lordship most ably vindicated the Church of England from the charge or maintaining. tineini. ditional Salvation, most satisfactorily proving it to be as contrary to her doct tines as to reason Scripture.' in conch a ling this part of his Charge, he made the followi n g b r i e f but energAic and corn- Kehensive obs-ervation,,“ that we can neither he saved by ooKowo good works, nor without t heat ;" a senitnent, perhaps, never before so stromzly eX• ptessed in so few words: - His-Lordship then proceeded, to call the atten tion of the Clergy•to the importance of an . effe - c tine manner of tending the LitUrgy, and while. he Was impressed' with rip opinion of its superinrity to all extemporaneous effusions, he observed, that from the continued and frequent recurrence s Of. the same sentiments, expressed in the same words, the warmest admirers of that most excellent com position must acknowledge it to he ope of the disadvantages of -a prescribed torn) of prayer; and that if read in a hasty, careless, fi . egligent man ner, it must fail of effecting the results it is so ad mirably calculated to produce. lie enl a rged upon the necessity of a warm, serious, and affectionately impressive delivery ; justly inferring, that when the Minister appears cold, lifeless, and unconcerned, the hearers will remain so too. To the apparent warmth, sin cerity, and concern, of extempor ary preachers, his Loreship imputed their s uccess i n drawing large congregations. Enthusiasm will ever be active, and the reveries of mysticism will not cease to at tract the ignorant. Nor is this to be wondered at, when it is considered that folly will always ad mire evhat it does not understand. His Lordship considered preaching, however, as only a part, though an important pair, of the duty of a Minister of Christ ; and expatiated in a beautiful manner on the advantages mising from an unrestrained • intercourse and communication with his parishioners. From an affectionate con cern for their temporal as vie(' as spiritual wei fate, he would be endeared tolliem as a friend, to whom they might look up for consolation, adviee; anti assistance. He also observed that at all tittles, anti perhaps more especially at the plesetit, there were cases of real distress which obtruded not on the public obserVation, whi c h ret i re d i n 1 0 „,ii. JIM, to indigence, and in misery. Such objects might he sought out, and relieved, by the kind an d ::ffectionate pastor; and where he was unable personally to administer to their comfort, it would .always he in his poker to make such ereprescn tation of their cases to the more wealthy part of his 'congregation, as would at least procure al) alleViation of their distress. On this subject his Lordship was particularly 'eloquent and impri-s- Ove; avd, %ye have no dOubt, powerfully a'row;ed the feeiingt of Isis audience.—(Chester Aug. - 2G.) We ret.tet to state that the Co:li tml ii Coac h, on its way f) town, was upset at t wo o , c i„d ; yes , terday morning, near Kilcullen Bridge, awl one o f t h e outside . . passengers, as we understand, an Englishman .of the ngme,of JIALcs; killed no ,he snot, and the guaril severely injured. Thi s , u event appears not to have been attli hutable to any treOigence or impropri e ty on di e part. of the coachman. It is ar'counted for by the twO leading . horses taking Iright at some s h ee p, imldenly crossed the road; the terrifitd. animals darted into the ditch, and fore ail th, Wheel bor•cs ' . .anti coach with the.”, before 11. e driZ•er could, by any effort, prevent them, None of the inside 'passengers were hurt,---(Dablin Jour• nat, Aus. 26) LAW INTL.L.t'qi:N.O:: Col.:11T OF CHLANCERY, ..14cusr • or;17.11A-TIOUSE.—:IU,DC:villNT: The Loo) ett4NcreLou—Afr. !Jars; 11:”7C' yntt air; luitlaet to udti to•tile , stuterueut - yod made yes t erd,i v. 11 A::T y Lord, I hay •no vv 'not hinz to • ) v,ith ?Jr; Duthie Utid nom settle it, as ti:e quartel lies"bet weeu tbeto. IYunit F.—l apprehend, my Ltud, t your Lorilship wns,:tot prd . ,:it, il5, k r";yoitr d ship ttiil ti, ( t tv.hvo • you look ovtt .the to . cseht stateniQut .1 am, uow to submit to your Laird- • Nitu,s complained he Flt! not 'seen" at:: Suart , m,ut. mr. pu N IE thelYwFilt;OVC!' leis statemen nt, ari contended, that i t was obvious, notwithstanding!. the sophistry of the other sine, that by the suni of 23,9731. only treing 'paid - in, that his cli , mt would infallibly lose the stun of 3000 odd pounds, which he.was prepared to shew 'vas, along with ()tiler accounts, a full -payment of the mortgage money, and.that therefore it was not'proper that the said sum 43000/. should be in Waters' pocket, uhile Taylor. ;vas kept where-be was: The LORI) CIIA cELLO 11- 7 -`1 extremely satis fied with your accuracy, Mr. Dinhie ; but the view 1 take of it Masi be o‘vh! g to my,noving so long not. understood the statements inade by you, both which, from the difference of opinion among you, I see have .been very conflicting. But I shall suppose the case' t e it for 'example that the Master's Report includes all the . elaims, and among than this mortgage money.. If it does so, then if Mr. Waters pays the money into,. Court, he must pay it minus that sum of the mot t gage. This I take to be your case, Mr. Mills. • Mr. DUTHIE,—At the present motnentohy Lord, Mr. Waters has 9-16ths of the mortgage money in his own hand. The Lour; Cu ANnELLou—Y o u admit, Mr. Du thie, that the mortgage was due to Mr. .Waters on the 1M fiths belonging to Taylor. Well, since 'that is so, surely they hare right to the.whoie Jut s no not, MID ready money on the to admit,• understand' this statcmcnt. But sup— pose that 301. only were the question between you, and that Taylor Owed . Waters 51. which •was va lid, then the sole question urn obvicmsly on the simple point of this debt beifig'jmt - or not. Again, to revert to tills "case',:l4hilik the best thin;; you t can pos,4ibly as there is 'so touch dispute about this mortgage money, to let the swit 'paid al— ready stand witotiched; and let the question about the 50001. of Mortgage lie over 0.11 the second scud, when, it you are dissatisfied with this opi— nion, or think . hai , '..givrt a wrong•-ditceliop, then you may apply to 'the. Coin t ; but while make this , order let -it be moierstood, that if E should be induced to mike ~1;11,7 alteration, thea• Mr. Waters InuSv it he is e`alled , 16 v :ol,; ( ^h e fomicy, do so with interest of 5 p'er cent. Dies this nino voit DuTHIE:--Ves,S my Lord, if Mr: Waters hinds himself to adhere to whdt your -Lordstiils has flOtt'Srii;Cd. . . Mr. MaLs---I t-hiuk it very' reasonable. The Low CuANctuott-,--1 am very glad. rhea shut the. Opera House for this season'..„ StiocKING U lip 13 Thy sity last, os.a poor young woMan, who •h ad beef, !crazing field between Stoke and Gosport, w . ns horue, she • was attveked by setae horrid rUfthiU, who murdered' her, but n•ho *is % was town! \Vit.)) her ihro;it . in ly cut, that her head vas ttrtitl beverc:d Irma her• body. ' Dr; EA Dlztil, Fl RE.z—On F ‘ i iday morning iast, .14 fire broke ont at thesbaek of the (-icorge inn, az Axminster; Nvilieb destroyed four riwening 1,006c3 and stables," together with ten fine h orses, prOpl•rty of Mr. Parr, of Bridport. COURSE OF EXCHANGE Fiu DAY, Aur , isT 79. ... - Amsterdam. - ' 4 • i. • . :A OIL 2 C. pitto, at Sight 87 Ainsteidani 1 13 0 V. F. 1 1 1 I)ittn, at Sight Rotterdam • Antwerp 1 1 14 2,17 g. . I'l 14E5(.51044 ' Ilititiburgli - , 'ri 0 - .24 Cs, Altona ii:iris, 3 Day's date ******* . , :24 ~5- 1 . 21 Us. D .10 .ilto - ' ~ , 1 110 2 Us. novirdeaux, ditto , • 24 t4O ' . • , l'i aril:fort on time Main kladritl, . N 7 I.li'let i 4, r Cadiz t•titf Elleclivr Sevilly.,,f; Bilima • 'NI 37 (lihralt;ir . I,gh,),ii ~, . 46 (;,,,Venice Malta... .... . ... ~ 411 Palermo ..1. 120 pc r ,Oz.- ;jsbf. , i , Oporto • . . Rio .litiiciro , A Kin of I he lliiiiii on t loilaiiil. I':s1•1:ntill Gold, in ('iiiii /.4 0 t prr Oz. . Nvir Dana ,- C 1 . 11 per . 2 COAL AL': RN ET, AuG UST 2P. ,i,jp,.. it 'Ajarl,tst. Sl.ii, ..old. nick.. . . -- `.."4 , ‘A t•-..,11c. , 4 • 1 titind,iiand .. 1.. . . ' :isis :id. to —.i. W.. 5' . ...i1il II CO:-11... .... k • 37,. 011 lu. —s. Oti.. i , ' ;'; Oa :dr.5..1.3...;ii1a1(); , ..„ of S;iutharapton 7 struct, of (i;itui.to!... Sreki}writ, l'os;tiritize Welk, the Lily of d:i.:Writer. 0 , :? 71 h tat' Lady of Dr. Warren, I..utver Brook stn. ut Jf.1;~i:l;i). On 'flinr.“l:iy, ;11 . St. Swill:l7l's, NCrorcestin-, Mr. Cvor;re nt Li to - Eliz., l 4th n'an , eA, secund ter ut liim,phivy Ltg. of that City. DIED;). In iY Gower-place, Lis, Sunday, Ft! (10, r. , n 1 v, I-lariict. Clicsiln, . 11. n. innint ‘1.1,14 - I,tio- of. Edy.,11.,.: :i Iloti, L , 0,. At Iii:71, : :::ne, ay.! ialant sun of Nlr.-Lacliimzlem. . ( .th `l' o t , ,i: t y List, i'&ll . .ki'illslien, tlii•xvifeot Daniel Willsbco, Esq. of 1 inin:ri . ,7(en-Ikitige, Punier, ,Nliltilesex. I.ON3l‘)Ni .j'i int cl.l hy .7. 11. (.:Al!..3TAlltS, of N,). nfl, ::real Qocci; • ati:i ‘.l N( RI of N. 7, h NIfoltoc)-strect i TLIZ; onice, 11:2, ; Advcoiitinents ()yds,. Lvttots, must Uc addressvd.