The Sun. — London, England, 1847-01-25 00:00:00

SPEECH OF M. GUIZOT ON THE MONTPENSIER MARRIAGE, DELIVERED IN THE CHAMBER OF PEERS, JAN. 20. The MINISTER Of FOREIGN AFFAIRS ascended _ : the tribune amidst marks of the gre atest interest, and sai d: — Gentlemen, I have to claim y our indulgence, f or lam somewhat hoarse, and have much to sa y . Ido not s tan d here to defend our po lic y . It has been strong ly attacked, and as energetically defended, first by our friends, and next by men whom I regret not to reckon amongst our supporters, but whom I am happy not to have to-day to enrol amongst our adversaries. I shall not speak of the past so much as of the present, as the idea which now occupies every mind, is the influence exercised *.by the Spanish marriages on our relations with Great Britain. lam fully aware that my words m ay have some iafitience on the present delicate situa tion, and I pray the Chamber to imagine what my position really is, and to go freely with me both in my frankness and my reserve. The Chamber has often given us its support when accusations were heaped on us of being wanting in firmness and dignity towards England, and it will now do the same when the charge against us is that we have been deficient in good faith and prudence.—(Hear, hear.) In presence of the Chambers, of France, of England, and of the King, I am about to give a plain recital of the policy followed by the French Cabinet, and when I have done that you can all form your own judgment. From the origin of the marriage question the policy of the King s government has been of a double character—very de cided and very public. In neither case was the accusa tion well-founded, and as we have on many an occasion justified ourselves against the first, so I am now anxious to reject the other in the face of France and of Europe. The principle of that policy, with respect to Spain, is well known—not to allow the crown of Spain to pass out of the house of Bourbon. All our diplomatic antece dents, the balance of power in Europe, as well as the dignity of the French crown, called on us to insist on that point. That principle I have made the basis of our policy, and I have always clearly explained our view at all the courts of Europe. M. Pageot has been the interpreter of our sentiments at Berlin and Vienna, and M. Casimir Perier at St. Petersburg. Therefore there could not possibly be any doubt or hesitation felt relative to our views —(Here the Duke d'Aumale and the Prince de Joinville entered the Chamber, and the Peers rose to receive them.)—That principle I declared to the Cham bers from the very beginning. I announced it in 1841, 1842, and 1843—it was, in fact, the constant rule of my language. Yet we were not ignorant what difficulties this line of conduct involved ; it might be turned against us, and used to arouse the national susceptibilities of the Spanish nation ; but as we conceived that our policy was good and national, we firmly maintained it. We knew the dangers of that policy, bat we knew that it was national, and we did not hesitate therefore to proclaim it with boldness. We have not hesitated to tie ourselves down in advance, and that embarrasses us. But at the same time that the policy of France was thus decided and public, it was moderate and conciliating. We espe cially recognised the rights of the country ; we served and aided Spanish interests even when not favourable to us. I defended General Espartero from this place ; I maintained with him friendly relations. We lived well w,th the Progressists, and we were at the same time clear and moderate. In fine, when a favourable occasion pre sented itself for bringing together the opposing parties— for uniting, for instance, the Moderados with the Pro gressists—we afforded them our counsels, and exercised i n fluence amongst them of the most moderate character. Have we faileSeither, as far as Spain is concerned, in moderation towards Europe ? Every body knows that the three Northern Courts supported a candidate to the hand of the Queen, the Count de Montemolin. We did not exclude him, although our conduct in that respect has drawn upon us many reproaches in France. I wrote on April la, 1842, to the Count de Flahault that that idea was a good one for bringing about a fusion of the two rights, and for bringing Spain into communication with the rest of Burope. fpointed out, however, the dangers of that combination to Spain, by saying that it would be badly received by the Progressists, and even by the Moderados. I showed that parties in that country hal even begun to be agitated at the probability of that union. I added, that the Queen Isabella was for us the legitimate sove reign of Spain. and that we wished for no arrangement that should not be agreeable to Spain herself. Lastly, I terminated by saying that any prince of the house of Bourbon, who should be agreeable to the Queen Isabella would be agreeable to us. (M. Guizot here read the despatch to the Count de Fahaut, and proceeded.) The Chamber sees that in declaring ourselves in favour of this combination we made prowl of impartiality. At a later period, on September 21st, 1843, I resumed in a note, also addressed to the Count de Flahaut, the rules of conduct adopted in common by France and England. In this note it was said that no formal exclusion was pro nounced by either Cabinet, but that if the candidateship of the Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg should be proposed, that would be for France a signal to resuscitate that of the Duke d'Aumale. Between the descendants of Philip V. the French Government did not intend to take the initiative; it accepted them all, abandoning to Spain— that is the numerous and most enlightened part of her population—the choice to be made between the several candidates to the Queen's hand. These conditions being laid down, the first candidate that presented himself was the Comte de Trapani. This caudidateship was not set up by either France or England. We had no opposi tion to make to it. It had the consent of Queen Chris tina; it secured to Spain the recognition of Naples; and it drew closer the ties between the three branches of the house of Bourbon reigning in Europe. As to England, we always offered her our united operation in Spain. No one is more convinced than myself that the struggle for influence in Spain between England and France is disastrous to her. There, as elsewhere, we may live iu good intelligence with our allies on the other side the Channel. Never has England entered frankly into the concert; her policy was one of reserve and procrastination; she did not oppose us, but she did not co-operate with us. By the fall of Espartero, the English policy received a check in Spain; at the same time a report was current that the Spanish Go vernment might demand for the Queen the hand of the Duke d'Aumale. This circumstance aroused the atten tion of the English Government, who, in her turn, made advances to us to solicit our co-operation. (The Hon. Minister here read a dispatch which contained these ouertures from the English Government, dated July 21, 1343, as well as the reply made to it by the French Cabinet.) The result was that the offer of the English Government was accepted with pleasure. Those are the very words of the answer. Tho nature of the arrange ment made was, that the two Governments agreed to admit that the question of the marriage of the Queen should be considered as one completely and exclusively Spanish. We could not but approve of that combination, we did, in fact, approve of it, that is to say, on the sole condition that it should have the manifest support of the young Queen of the Spanish nation, and that it should be submitted to legal and constitutional forms. This combination, however, met with very serious ob stacles in the midst of the struggles and pretensions of political parties in Spain. Besides, there was nothing urgent in the matter ; it might well be postponed ; the Queen was still young, and in consequence it was put off. The question remained in this state until the summer of 1844, a period at which we had occasion to give the English Government a fresh proof of the good faith of our policy ; we declared officially the renunciation or the Duke d'Aumale to the hand of the Queen. This, it will be allowed, was a good card less in cur game.—(Smiles.) At this time the Spanish Cabinet made a first overture, tending to the simultaneous marriages of the Count de Trapani with the Queen and the Duke de Montpensier with the Infanta. We did not listen to this overture, and our motives were explained in a dispatch which I addressed on the 26th November, 1844, to Count Bresson, our Ambassador at Madrid. The news thereof, nevertheless, got noised abroad, and caused some uneasiness to the Cabinet of London. That was a little before the second visit of the Queen Victoria to the Chateau d'Eu. That visit supplied us a natural occasion for entering into ex planations in this respect, in the same manner as I had done to Count Bresson. We did not conceal the fact that the marriage of the Duke of Montpensier with the In fanta of Spain would be perfectly agreeable to the Xing of the French, but we positively decla red that we did not int en d to profit by that project to thwart the general policy adopted in concert by the tw o G ove rnments, and the marriage of th e D u k e o f Ment pensier should take place not only after that of the Queen, but not until her Majesty's marriage should have given a successor to the throne of Spain. Lord Aberdeen acknowledged the perfect frankness of our declarations, and made no objection. The concert and ea:mon action of the two Governments remained there fore intact. After the conferences of Eu, the question pursued its course. The candidateship of the Count de Trapani continued to occupy the attention of the Go vernment of Madrid; but, at the same time, other names began to be pronounced, not through foreign, but Spanish, influence. The name of the Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg appeared most frequently. and his appearance naturally caused us disquietude. I communicated with Lord Aberdeen, who assured me that we had nothing to fear from that quarter. I was, nevertheless, obliged to give new instructions to Count Bresson, recom mending him to be careful, and to protest against that combination if it should acquire any probability. The Neapolitan combination lost ground more and more; and the Cabinet of Narvaez was then about being broken up. I will allow not this occa- Sion to pass of rendering to General Narvaez, who is no longer ul power, but who lives in retirement, the testi mony w hich the uprightness and the energy, of testi monywhich he made p roof • this ques ti on , j ust l y merit. lie showed himse f, I fea r n o t than any nt t o say, more capable of political firm nesstte statesmen who h ave s i nce e n t ere d the governme nt o f be placed the in. It is at this period that is to memorandumond of the 27th -February,which our Ambassad or at L En 13, , the Co un t d e S a i nt-Au l a i re, placed before th e which, repeating the gl.l abinet; a memor andum instructionsknown to whi c h we had given to Count Bresson, made the E ng li s h Govern ment the conduct that we meant to if the now combination proposed at Madrid should P become serious. A. new overture was then made to ua Cabinet; it consisted in marryi ng the DueY th Mont Spani s h slier immediately before the marr iagetsde the ontpen.. qn. We rejected this second overture as we h uee l l a(' first. It was in the month of May onl y that Count Bresson called my serious attenytio:titl to the menacing exertions that were being made at Madrid in favour of the Prince of Coburg; and I learned at the same time that a communication of the same nature had been addressed by . the Spanish Government to that of England. My surprise, I avow, was very great; and I hastened to express it to Lord Aberdeen, who denied that he had taken the least part in that unforeseen act. What, then, had produced the Coburg combination? Its origin must be sought in Spain herself. We had at two different times rejected the propositions of her Govern ment, one tending to the simultaneous marriages, the other to the immediate and preliminary marriage of the Dec de Montpensier. This double refusal offended the Spanish Government, who therefore tamed all at Pee t 9 THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 25, 1847. the candidateship of the Prince of Coburg. There were then, the Chamber sees, three courses of policy in pre sence. The policy of Spain, which desired either one of the two combinations she had proposed, or the Coburg combination, the policy of France, which refused both the simultaneous marriages and the immediate marriage, and which rejected the Coburg combination; and, finally, the policy of England, which, without adopting conduct equally clear and decided, adhered to the marriage of the Due de Montpensier, provided that it was neither immediate nor simultaneous. Such was the situation in June, 1846. To have enabled a question so complicated from those different pretensions, above mentioned, to be easily resolved, there was evidently required the concert, the common action of France and England ; and it was by that concert, that common action, that we might hope for a prompt and favourable solution. I hesitate not to say that under the Ministry of Lord Aberdeen L had every confidence that this common action would be con tinued to the end without obstacle ; and here it is neces sary to expose to the Chamber the motives of that confidence. It was not simply based on the noble and honourable relations which existed between the two Ministers for Foreign Affairs, for whatever friendship may exist between two Ministers, it does not suffice to direct the affairs of two great states ; it may facilitate the solution thereof, but it does not decide them. But this was what made my confidence ; you have often heard speak of a struggle, of rivalry, of influences between France and England. I am profoundly con vinced for my part that these struggles, these rivalities, are neither good nor necessary for the two states ; and I venture to say that in this respect the convic tion of Lord Aberdeen was perfectly identical with my own. What consequently gave me confidence was the sincere desire of peace which was then the ruling senti ment of the two Governments ; not a peace merely connected with the material welfare of the people, but which proposed a higher object, and one more dignified, founded on the respect, the moral happiness, and the repose of men ; that was the sentiment which inspired the councils of the two Governments. Another senti ment also animated them ; it was the feeling of a great mission of civilization and of progress to be effected in common ; it was the desire to prevent, by common action, revolutionary overthrows, by favouring every where the march of progress and legal liberty. These were the sentiments which then ruled from on high all the struggles for influence between the two countries. — (General marks of approbation.) These sentiments in spired the heart of Lord Aberdeen as well as our own ; he was as deeply convinced, as ourselves, that in it consisted the true aad good policy which equally suited both nations ; consequently in all the questions which were then pending, and even in the question of the marriages, strong in the general idea common to the two Governments, and smoothing down all interests of a secondary order, we were persuaded that the solu tion was possible, easy, and natural, and we were right in feeling that confidence in the exalted wisdom of the English Government. But at the end of June a change took place In the Ministry in England, and Lord Aber deen retired. From that moment the face of things changed. The Chamber will do me the justice to be lieve, that, finding myself in the presence of a new Minister of Foreign Affairs, I took no notice of any personal considerations ; I equally hastened to remove both from the question and from the minister all sus picion, all idea of bad faith whatever. Ido not think that I should be allowed to introduce such elements into the controversy on great questions, for all discussion would become impossible in presence of such accusations. I will always do the statesmen who direct the affairs of their country the honour of believing that they act with good faith in the management of the interests con fided to them ; they may, like myself, be deceived, but I look on all accusations of the kind as base and absurd. I can readily conceive that Lord Palmer ston might have ideas and intentions different from those of his predecessor ; we have some reason to think it, and that without it being necessary to go back to 1840. The new Minister of Foreign Affairs was sub mitted to re-election ; lie was to appear and deliver a political speech before his electors ; we waited to hear the language that he might make use of. He was com pletely silent on the subject of the marriages. Nothing at first made known the steps which he proposed to follow, and it soon became evident to us that he wished to entrench himself in an impenetrable reserve. That was his right. Nevertheless, on the 17th July, I wrote to our Ambassador in London to propose to the Eng lish Cabinet a common action for the marriage of I)on Francisco de Assis. Two or three days after I received communication of the dispatch of the 19th July ; which has been laid before the Chamber. That dispatch caused material changes in the state of affairs. It had at first been sent to Madrid without having been communicated to us. There was therefore a cessation of the common action. England pursued an isolated po licy, and concealed it from France. So much for the form. We will now look at the ground-work. In this dispatch, the Prince of Coburg was not only named as a candidate, but placed at the head of the list. Count de Trapani was altogether excluded. At the same time too that the Prince of Coburg was named, it was added that he could meet with no objection. In addition to the part which speaks of the marriage, what is to be found in the document ? A violent attack on the Government of another country, of Spain, and an indi cation of the men to be placed at the head of affairs. So that, according to this dispatch, we found ourselves in the face of a very notable change, both as to the marriage, and to the condiect of affairs in Spain. England wished to have the Progressist party advanced. It was impossible to mistake this double change on reading the dispatch. I should have been most culpable had I not seen therein symptoms of a change of deser tion in the English Cabinet ; at the same time another circumstance tended to irresistibly fix my conviction. My proposition for a common action by France and England to put forward Don Francisco d'Assis remained for five weeks without reply. Five weeks ! I was not, however, tired out. I informed the Minister of Great Britain that if any project, whether French or Spanish, was entered into against us, the French Cabinet was decided to follow the course which it had already made known. What the English Minister did not do, M. Bresson, our ambassador, accomplished, and I take this opportunity of saying, with a moderation and an ability, in act and word, which do him the greatest credit. Count Bresson always maintained himself within this line, that, whichever of the sons of Don Francisco de Paula should suit the Queen of Spain, would also suit France. He did more—keeping in mind the realisation of the plans agreed to at Eu, he succeeded in getting inserted on the 28th of August, in the marriage con tract, though not without very great objections from the Spanish Ministry, a clause, declaring that " the mar riage of the Duke de Montpensier was to take place simultaneously with that of the Queen, as much as that was possible. But it became so evident that if on the sth of September all was not terminated for the Spanish marriages, everything would go back to a state of doubt, that the causes of disorders and insurrections would be revived, that it was no longer possible to hesitate. Count Bresson wrote us every day. In fine, it was only on Sept. 4, that by a telegraphic dispatch, and in conformity to the orders of the King, that I authorised Count Bresson to agree to the simultaneousness of the marriages. I shall give no detail as to what followed that solution. There only remains a few words for me to say. Evidently, to every impartial observer, the conduct of the French Cabinet comes out of this er pose as it ought to do. These are facts which I can affirm to be true. What we said in the beginning w e have done—we have performed all we wished to do. We have violated no treaty—neither that of Utrecht nor any other. We have broken no engagement—we have failed in no procede. We did all we could to bring about a concert with Great Britain, a common action. We have, therefore, acted in the fulness of our duty, and of the dignity of France, without ever separating our action from prudence or good faith.—(Loud marks of approbation.) Now in what situation has this con duct placed us with Europe? With respect to Spain, the facts are clear. The marriage was maturely and freely discussed in the Cortes. Causes of disorder, of insurrection, were not wanting in Spain; but all fell be fore the - wish of the country, and the marriage was ac complished. Since the marriage the Cortes have been subjected to re-election. The judgment of Spain has sent to the benches of the Cortes an assembly animated by the same spirit. We have, then, the right to say that everything passed with the free co• operation, with the wish of the Spanish nation. As to Spain, you see, we have only to felicitate ourselves on the events accom plished. Dut, with respect to the other puwete s" I declare that no objection, no observation has been made either by the powers that have recognised the Queen of Spain or by those who have not. No power has adhered, nor, I will add, con sen t e d to adhere, to the prote s t of England. The powers have remained completely out of the pale of the English pro ceedings. Our situation with these powers, as with Spain, remains the same; and when they were informed of the project of marriage between the French prince and Spa nish princess, all replied in the same terms, and those terms were such as are employed in similar cases, just as if they referred to any other marriage. As to Eng land, she feels serious dissatisfaction. I hesitate not, however, to say, that if we so act, that, upon the one hand, we do not change our general policy, and if, on the other, we show ourselves determined to maintain with propriety what we have done, to abstain from all con cessions, all advances, be assured that the dissatisfaction of England will die away.—(Cheers.) It will die away before the importance of superior interests, which are equally understood at London and Paris. England and her Government have two grand guiding principles—these are justice and necessity.—(Hear.) The English people are honest, they respect right, and pause before irrevocable events. Present yourselves always before them strong in your right, strong in the flit accompli, and be certain that good relations between the two countries will be re newed. (Loud approbation greeted the Hon. Minister as he descended from the tribune, and the sitting was suspended for some minutes.) CAUSE OF FEVER.—The other day a fever broke out in a prison to the surprise of everybody. It turned out that the cause was this : it was an old prison, surrounded by a moat; the noxious deposit of which had been disturbed by some works in progress, and the fever broke out in the direc • tion in which the wind was blowing from the moat on to the prison. It appeared that the medical men had never seen the typhus t ther e b e f ore, though they had been many years at tendants on th at prison. They had never seen one case in tLie zeprlso_n, -- and did n o t know it..3lr. Chadtviek's Speech at .E; ter, Dee. ii, 184 g. SOLA.TORY PRECEDENT.--" All degrees of nat A ious e b ° e N g ‘ in with lining in pigsties. The king or the priest first gets out of thernlshen the noble ; then the pauper, in proportion as t e hacehwe'retcheYneelrs Better tastes arise from better c ircumstances ; and becomes more and more opulent. a o n f d an th o e v l ie u r x . urz the persons who bench of Magistrages The late Sidney Smith. EXTREME DISTRESs.---k monz t ates, was a were summoned before the Wind so ij, on Thursday last, for non-payment poor woman, who was unable to appear befor e the Bench in consequence of being compelled to pawn her clothes front sheer digress. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, Jan. 23. The Earl of SHAFTESBURY took his seat on the Wool sack at ten minutes to Five o'clock. There were about six Peers present. CORN AND NAVIGATION LAWS SUSPENSION BILLS. Messengers from the Commons brought up these Bills. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said,—My Lords, I move that you give a first reading to an Act to sus pend till the Ist of September all duties on the importa tion of corn. The Bill was read a first time in order to be printed. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE again said,—l have to move that you give the first reading to the Navigation Suspension Act till the Ist of September. This Bill being also read a first time, The NOBLE MARQUIS gave notice that at the sitting of the House on Monday next, he should move the sus pension of the standing orders of the House, with the view of facilitating the progress of these Bills through all the stages. Lord STANLEY, who spoke in a conversational tone over the table, said that if he rightly understood the intentions of the Noble Marquis the course he proposed to adopt had reference only to two measures suspending the navigation laws and the laws which regulated the importation of corn. He understood also that the objects of these measures were merely temporary,and intended to meet the exigencies of the time, and that therefore they would not extend beyond the Ist of September next. At the same time he could not help availing himself of that opportunity to express his regret at the determina tion of her Majesty's Government—if really such was their determination—not to make the measure with respect to sugar used in breweries and distilleries a temporary, but one of a permanent nature. He confessed he should have been very glad if this measure had been introduced, as he believed it was introduced into her Majesty's Speech namely, as a temporary measure, and that it should have met with the entire una nimity of their Lordships, who could not have been unwilling to have adopted such a step in order to meet the exigencies of the present moment. It appeared that there was a large quantity of sugar in hand, and there was no reason to apprehend that there was not a sufficient quantity to meet the demand which the suspension of the penalties could not fail to create. Therefore, when, instead of introducing the measure as a temporary one, it partook of a per manent nature, the Government could not expect that it would pass with as little discussion and as little delay as the other measures—namely, the corn and navigation laws. If it was to be a permanent measure, in 1851 foreign sugars, owing to the equalisa tion of the duties, would come into competition with home-grown sugars, and therefore home sugars would not have the advantage of that protection to which they were entitled. At any rate the details of the measure would require some consideration. He did not know what the other House of Parliament intended to do, but he would throw out this suggestion to her Majesty's Government before finally determining the permanency of the measure, whether there would be any objection to a Select Committee, not for the purpose of delaying the passing of the measure, but for the purpose of inquir ing by viva voce evidence and by documents, as to the probable effect of the adoption of the measure. If such a course as he bad mentioned were not adopted, this would be a measure thrust forward by the Govern ment on the one hand, and opposed by the Members of that House on the other hand, as a measure calculated to alarm the parties interested, and seriously to affect the agricultural interest of the country. If it could be proved that the operation of this Bill was not to increase the prices, or better the country, they ought to let the farmers have the opportunity of seeing the facts in a more detailed form than it was possible for them to see them in a mere reference to casual debates in Parliament. Such a course would be a very desirable one to pursue. He had taken the liberty of throwing out these suggestions to the Noble Marquis and her Majesty's Government, with the view of induc ing them to take this question into their consideration, and not with a view of creating a vexatious opposition. He hoped that the Noble Marquis would explain the course intended to be pursued with reference to this and other measures —whether it was intended to give a perma nent effect to this and the other measures passed with a view to the well-being of society in Ireland. The Noble Marquis had also said that he should move for some re turns. He hoped that these returns would enable her Majesty's Government to come to a satisfactory deci sion with regard to the state of Ireland. He had heard it rumoured, and it was chiefly for the purpose of ascer• taining if that rumour was correct that he ventured to ask the Noble Marquis, after the statement he had just made, if it were intended to postpone any further dis cussion on his former motion until an oppor tunity occurred at a later period, or of taking the discussion on the bringing up of the Bill from the House of Commons. If the bringing up of the Bill were to be considered an opportunity for its discussion, he thought he should be able to throw out some suggestions which her Majesty's Government would be, perhaps, desirous to adopt. Perhaps there would be no objection to the Noble Marquis on Monday nest giving this information, so as to enable many Noble Lords who were deeply interested in it to come to a de cision on the question. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE was about to reply, when Lord BROUGHAM said the question before the House had not been disposed of. The Marquis of LANDSDOWNE said that he believed it had. The Bill had certainly been read a first time. With regard to the questions put by the Noble Lord (Stanley) he would endeavour to answer the sug gestions thrown out by him in the order in which be had presented them. Nothing could be more correct than the statement whichlhad already been advancedon this subject. With reference to what was proposed with respect to these two Bills, it was proposed to carry them through the House with all possible dispatch. Then, with refer ence to the other Bill to which the Noble Lord had re ferred, allowing the use of sugar in distilleries, the Go vernment intended that to be a permanent measure. It was a question which had occupied considerable atten tion on the part of the Government ; they had, how- i ever, finally considered that it would be much better to make the measure permanent at once than, by passing a temporary measure, to have the subject brought again under the consideration of their Lordships at a future time. It had therefore been thought necessary to make the Bill permanent rather than cause a reconsideration of the sub ject in the course of the session. That Bill, however, in consequence of the varied nature of its details, would be one which, in the opinion of her Majesty's Government, would not be easily disposed of, and he would not there fore, under any circumstances, adopt a course similar to that which he intended to pursue upon the other Bills to which he had alluded, via., to pass them through all their stages at once. When that Bill came up from the other House their Lordships would have ample opportunity for affording to that measure their fullest consideration. It would depend, however, upon the state of the Bill on its arrival from the other House, and the degree of con currence which had been given to it, what course her Majesty's Government would feel it their duty to propose with reference to the progress of that measure, and whether they would deem it necessary to appoint a Committee of their Lordships on the subject, and ho would be sorry upon the present occasion to make any announcement to their Lordships on the subject. DISTRESS IN IRELAND. Lord BROUGHAM—What course do you intend to adopt on Monday next? The Marquis of LANSDOWNE had stated upon a former occasion that it was his intention to move for the production of certain papers with re ference to the subject of Irish distress. Those papers would necessarily be of a very voluminous nature, consisting, as it would, of the correspondence which had takea place between the various members of her Majesty's Government and the different functionaries in Ireland. The effect of the production of those papers would be to put their Lordships in possession of every circumstance attending the numerous and still increasing difficulties with which the Government had to contend, in consequence of the unexpected and unexampled scarcity of food in Ireland. Those papers, he hoped, would be ready to be laid upon their Lord ships' table within a few days after he had moved for them. He did not wish, in answer to further ques tions from his Lordship, to make any further statement as to the course which her Majesty's Government in tended to adopt towards Ireland until some of the Bills which had been proposed by the Government 'were brought up from the other House. If Noble Lords wished to take any discussion upon that subject before the introduction of those Bills, they would of course be competent to do so. In a short time one or two Bills on the subject, to which no objection was likely to be taken, would, he had no doubt, be laid upon their Lord ships' table, with reference to the advances of consi derable sums of public money towards the relief of the distress in Ireland. Lord BROUGHAM said a permanent alteration in the colonial and agricultural policy of the country was almost as serious a matter as suspending the Habeas Corpus Act, and he very much doubted whether they ought hurriedly to agree to some of those measures which had been so speedily passed in the other House of Parlia ment. No doubt, the corn and navigation-laws ought, under existing circumstances, to be suspended for a given period; but, as to the other measure, which was ie. tended to be made permament, he was not inclined to give a ready assent to that. On Monday, however, h e should have abetter opportunityfof going into the question. But it should be remembered that that measure was not a permanent measure, either with respect to the colonial population or the slave population. He trusted their Lordships would not allow any consideration to pre vent them from taking measures for alleviating the distress in Ireland, but they should recollect, at the same time, that they had last session passed a very important measure, which had not yet come into full operation. That measure was calculated to lower the price of sugar, and he believed would exercise a very sensible effect upon it. The price of sugar at present was found to be much lower. He thought that had the measure only been introduced as a tempo. rary measure there would have been no opposition about it. They had introduced two measures, viz., one for a temporary measure, and the other with a permanent object. The Noble Lord had also stated that he was about to introdueo some money Billy. - Now the House had no power whatever to interfere with money Bills, except one—except that of throwing them out alto gether. His Noble Friend also spoke of the delay of the remedial measures for Ireland. They were now at the 23d of January, and if they had met on the 23d of November, two months would have been saved, and much distress would have been prevented. Th ere was anot h er quest i on w hi c h h e wished to put on the present occasion, as it might bring up much discussion. That question was relative to the Bill which was to be broug,ht up from the other House of Parliament upon the poor law. It appeared that the pressure from without had had its usual effect. A number of persons out of doors had raised an unscrupulous and busy agitation, at the success of which they, no doubt, were sufficiently rejoiced. It was got up partly from personal spleen and partly for political objects. It was stated by these people that the poor-law was for the benefit of the landlords, but their Lordships would recollect that when this measure was passed, the express object of their Lordships was, as he believed, to benefit the poor and not to benefit the rich.—(Hear, hear.) He hoped that the Bill would be introduced in a manner which would ensure for it the most deliberate considera tion, and that no part, not an inch of that corner-stone of the system—the centre authority, should be inter fered with without the greatest circumspection and the most mature consideration. He would have preferred on this account that the measure had been introduced into this, rather than the other House of Parliament. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE concurred with the Noble Lord that no subject of greater importance could come under their consideration, or more required the attention of their Lordships. He could not, however, allow the statement of the Noble Lord to pass unnoticed. It was not intended to interfere with the system in the manner stated by the Noble Lord. It was not intended to do away with the central authority, or to make any other changes which wore not required by the circumstances of the country. Lord BROUGHAM did not hear any reason why the Poor-law Bill should not be introduced into that House, as he was persuaded it would be much more deliberately and calmly discussed than if it were first brought into the other House of Parliament. Earl FITZWILLIAM was, with the Noble and Learned Lord (Lord Brougham), very much afraid that the Bill would not be so well considered than if it were first brought into their Lordships' House. But he rose to express his satisfaction at what he had heard from his Noble Friend, that the Government did not intend materially to. interfere with the mode of administering the law.—(Hear, hear.) He was certain from his experience as a guardian, since the passing of the law, that it was absolutely necessary to have central superintendence, though, at the same time, he did not think there should be constant central intereference. Whether there should be, in the administration of the poor-law, a Minister who might be perhaps made more responsible to Parliament by being in Parliament, than one who was not, on that point he would not give an opinion, but he was quite sure that if a Minister of that kind were introduced on that board, that he ought to be there merely for the purpose of being questioned in Parliament, and that he ought not to be there for the purpose of superintending the administra tion of the poor-law. That would be most mischievous, and he trusted that no pressure from without, nor any desire of conciliating party in the other House, would make the Government flinch from the principle that the real superintendence ought to be in the hands of those persons who were not liable to change with the change of the day. Lord BROUGHAM rose to move that two resolu tions, agreed to by the House on the 3d of July, 1845, relative to Railways and Private Bills, be taken into con sideration, in order to their being made standing orders. The resolutions were then agreed to, and their Lord ships adjourned. SMALL DEBTS COURTS ACT. APPOINTMENTS OF JUDGES. (From the .1 iir m iny ha m Journal of Saturday.) Our readers throughout the Midland Counties, and to the limits of our circulation in the northern towns of Lancashire and Yorkshire, are anxiously expecting the long promised official announcement of the Lord Chan cellor's selection of the District Judges. We believe that we are correctly informed, when we state that Mr. Leigh Trafford, of Cheshire, and udge of the Warrington Court of Requests, has been offered and accepted the District Court of Birmingham. The Learned Gentleman is a barrister of standing and judi cial experience. The clerkship of our local district cannot have been yet determined, and does not rest exclusively on the new Judge. The circular letter of the Lord Chancellor to the judges already appointed, in offering the judge ship, states as follows: • The Lord Chancellor, in making this offer, wishes you to understand, that in case of your acceptance of office, you must consider yourself liable to undertake any further duties that Parliament may think it expedient to impose upon you. His Lordship would also suggest to you the propriety of con sidering whether there are any professional gentlemen who have claims to the appointment of clerk, arising from their holding any office connected with ally court in your circuit, and would be obliged to you to submit their names for his approba tion, with any remarks you may think it advisable to make. I should, at the same time, state that his Lordship is at pre sent inclined to think, that, as far as is consistent with the claims of those whose interests are recognised by the Act, there should be one principal Clerk to superintend the busi ness of the whole Circuit, with an office in each town where a Court is appointed to be held." We hear that in Westminster Hall, on Friday, the following appointments have been already made—more or less of interest to our readers, and to tho adjoining counties where our paper circulates : North Lancashire South-West Lancashire Liverpool Manchester ' R. Brandt. Bradford C. H. Elsley. Sheffield W. Walker. Leeds York Lincolnshire Leicester and Rutland . Nottingham Derbyshire Bath and Wells — Smith. Bristol We have heard of no certain appointments for the Warwickshire district (excluding Birmingham), nor who will be the fortunate Judge of the Dudley. Wolver hampton, and Iron districts, and we do not think that they are definitely settled. We hear that great paise is given to the Lord Chancellor for those selections hitherto made, and that he has not allowed mere political considerations to fix the country with unnecessary compensations. to retired or displaced Judges o f the old Courts. M r. Starkie, Queen's Counsel, and Mr. Amos, are the Judges at present appointed in the London metropolitan districts. No treasurers are yet appointed, and their districts will be larger considerably, than those of the Judges, probably not exceding twenty in number. Our readers will be glad to learn that our fellow townsman, Mr. C. J. Gale, is seleeted as Judge of the district comprising Hants and the Isle of Wight. n J e an d u in ary th 2 e 2 v . MARKET INTELLIGENCE . ) alue S ( l.7 F o r L o rt ra .—'Today- lA' da nd ;n neNfuewrthP e r r ic a e d (u van n- c e e ' o i cc ° u f of Raw Sugar, still there was no material falling off in the demand from the herne-trade and speculators. Manna CS.—This afternoon the demand was not quite so active, still 3,070 bags 34 casks of Mau r iti us at public sale were all sold, and at prices that averaged those of the last auction. REnNED. —TO•dily there was not s o muc h desire shown to operate in Refined goods, but prices were firm, Brown Lumps at 69s to 70s, and Standard Lumps 70s 6d te 71s per cwt. Treacle was not so much in demand, but prices are un varied. EAST INDIA.--This afternoon the quaatity of Bengal Sugar offered at public sale was large, and amounted to 6,645 bags ; the whole, however, sold at previous prices. 11 01E IGN.— Th er e has been a further increa se i n th e demand for Foreign Sugar for home consumption and on speculation this week. An immense b usiness has b een transacted in and the rates paid exhibit an every description, advance on those previously current of 2s to 4.3 for yellow and bro wn , white. The and Is 6d to 2s per cwt for whole on offer has been there are still cleared off the market, and _ . several orders un executed. Privately the chief transactions are two cargoes of yellow Havannah afloat. C L.—A stronger desire has been manifested to operate busyness of moment has been prevented • in Foreign, but busipri vately and 177 vately by higher rates being , bags of Bahia at for fine bright auction were taken in at assred. consequence of a report that Govern- TEASI.—To-daY, in t make a ment has it in contemplation oreduction in the Tea activity in the market, andprices duty, there was more ac , _ firmer, it was difficult to purchase sound common Congou for cash under 10d per lii• üblic sale, 621 bags of Cey- Comm.—This afternoon, at p dull lon Coffee : the native met with a . demand,. and was all. taken in at easier rates ; the Plantation sold at steady rates. Ricl.—The anxiety to purchase fa on offer g of a even further increased this week, and the whole at a further qualities has been eagerly cleared off the market, or advance in pricesof 2s per cwt. SPlCae.—Black Pepper is still the rates paid h ave b ee n fully equal as been transacted. Whit e to those previously cur rent. Privately a good business brought rather higher rates, and several purchases were made privately. At auction 83 bags sold at 4d to 4Ad for mid dingy. Cassia Lignea is little wanted. Cassi little passing, and the inferior kinds can he obtained upon rather lower terms; but good and fine are held with firmness. The Quarterly Sales will take place on Monday next. Nutmegs have been dealt iu with caution, and prices tend downwards. SPlZlTS.—Jamaica of all sorts h a s been in extensive request; indeed the market has been nearly cleared, and at a rise of 2d to 3d per gallon. Leeward Island has been much in request, and brought rather higher rates. East India parcels, sold on the spot, brought 35 id to 33 2d proof strength. Demerara has been in ex cellent demand, and prices are still on the advance. For Brandy the demand has been brisk, and prices have slightly- improved. Geneva met with a much better demand, and prices advanced to 2s 7d to 2s 9d for common shipping sorts, and 35 3d to 3s 6d for fine for home consumption. For British Corn Spirits the demand is active. The quotation for Corn Spirits being now lls 9d, Scotch and Irish lis 8d nett cash. English Gin, 22 per cent under proof lOs 3d, and 1 7 under lO s 9d per gallon. I NDlGo.—East I n di a i s h e ld w ith firmness at an advan ce in the rates of last quarterly sale of 2d to 4 d per lb. SALTPE TRE.—Importers of Rough are still willing sellers, there having b een f urther arrivals, an d they submitt e d to a reduction on previous rates of 6d per cwt; still a good de mand prevailed. , o gns.,—Olive Oil h as aga i n b een much in reque s t, an d n . ers manifest fi rmness, as t h ere i s a large con sumpt i on going on, a n d t h e stock on the increase. A l arge b usiness has skebean tr ansacted. For Li nsee d Oil the market is l oo ki ng r• Per f orward delivery the opera ti ons are upon a more several extended sc a l e a t 25 s 9 d to 26 s per cwt. Th ere are T buyers of C ocoa N ut Oil , an d b u t little is t o b e h ad. ALtioN V.—The stock is on the decrease, and the deliveries are going on of this time largely, although prices are much above th ose e last infor season.R ian on the spot has been ex tensively dealt town and country consumption and th rates paid h ave been full h of this ' ° There has y equal to t ose day week. been a fair business transacted for forward delivery, and f or he rate ' the last three months of th e y ear , t s paid are been 4 5s 6d to 465. Town Tallow has ' much in demand for present delivery, 4 • All other sorts have b an prices have risen. been in excellent request, and brought stiffrates. The Ecclesiastical Co mmissioners for England had a com mittee meeting on Saturday. LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF CHANCERY, Jan. 23. STIR ENS V. KEATING. His Lordship delivered judgment in this case, which was an appeal from the Vice-Chancellor of England. A motion was made on behalf of the plaintiff for an injunction to res train the defendant from infringing a patent obtained by the plaintiff, for the manufacture of cement, capable of receiving a high polish, and being used in the formation of imitation marbles, and various other building purposes. The plaintiff, by his first specification, claimed the invention of producing cement by the use of gypsum, either in its natural state or in its manufactured state of plaster of Paris, or limestone, or chalk, first reduced into powder, and then mixed with a so lution of any strong alkali, neutralised by means of an acid, preferring for the purpose the use of pearla-sh and sulphuric acid, but claiming all such other alkalis and acids as would answer the purpose ; and that water should be added to the mixture tili it attained the consistence or state suitable for moulding in cakes or bricks, or other forms, which were to be after wards dried and burnt in manner therein described. The plaintiff subsequently, in June, 1840, obtained another patent, and claimed, by his specification, the use of solid alkalis and acids, or acids in a state of solid combination, with other substances, or some solid compound containing both an acid and an alkali, as alum or some mixture of two or more of the said similar ingredients. The defendant obtained a patent in February, 1846, for the manufacture of cement like that invented by the plaintiff, and made precisely in the same way, but claiming by his specification the combina tion of gypsum and borax. In support of the motion it was contended that the use of borax combined with gypsum, ac cording to the specification of the defendant's patent, was an infringement of the patent obtained by the plaintiff, who claimed the use, not only of all acids and alkalis, but also any substance in which the two were combined. It was also contended that the plaintiff's patent having existed for so long a period, must be considered good; and that he was, therefore, entitled to the injunction. The VItE-CHANCICLLOR said it did not appear there had been any dispute respecting the plaintiff's patent, which had been taken out so long ago as the year 1834. It was not to be set aside, therefore, merely because some objection might be raised to the validity of the language used in the specifi cation. He considered there had been clearly an infringe ment of this patent, and the plaintiff was entitled to an in junction ; but the plaintiff must be put upon terms to bring an action to try the question as to the validity of the patent. The LORD CHANCELLOR, in giving judgment upon the appeal, said he was of opinion that there had been an in faingement of the plaintiff's patent, and that as his patent had remained unopposed ever since the year 1834, the case was brought within the authorities cited, in which the Court had upheld patents after they had been undisturbed for so many years. He should, therefore, confirm the order made by theVice-Chancellor, granting the injunction, and direct the plaintiff to bring his action at law as soon as possible. ROLLS' COURT, Jan. 23. COLEMAN V. TIIE EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY COMPANY. An injunction had been obtained in this case by the plain tiff under these circumstances :—The plaintiff was a pro prietor in the Eastern Counties Railway, and the directors of that company were desirous of constructing a railway from one of their termini to Harwich, and by that means obtain ing a communication with the sea, and thence with several important sea-ports on the coast of France, Holland, &c. The plaintiff refused to embark in the undertaking, it being alleged by the defendants that he was induced to oppose it, because he was a proprietor in another steam-packet, which the proposed railway would seriously injure. An application was made to-day, on the part of the de fendants, to alter the form of the injunction, which his Lord ship refused to do. IN RE PENDEN. There were two petitions in this case, the first for the confirmation of the Master's report, and the latter to im pugn the finding of the Master in reference to some items in a bill which he had disallowed. The parties were soli citor and client, and the accounts had reference to profes sional services rendered by the former, the charges for which the Master considered exorbitant. Mr. Turner and Mr. James appeared for the appellant whose case was not concluded till the rising of the Court. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, Jan. 23, PHILLIPS V. NAirtw AND OTHERS. The Court was occupied the most of the morning with this case, which was an application for a new trial, on the ground of misdirection from the judge on the trial. The question was between the owner, and the underwriters of the ship Broxbourneburg, which received damage in a severe storm at sea off the coast of India, so as to be compelled to run into Port Louis, in the Mauritius. The timbers of the vessel, when she came to be repaired, were found incapable of refasteninge, and were many of them replaced, which increased the expense of the repairs to about 8,0001. The defendants, the underwri ters, refused to pay more than 50 per cent. of this amount, averring that the rest arose, not from perils of the sea, but from the unseaworthmess of the ship. Sir F. TIMIGER contended against a new trial, and had not concluded his argument when the Court rose. PRIVILEGES OF FOREIGN AM BASSADORS AND ENVOYS. LORD MAYOR'S COURT, Guildhall, Jan. 23. (Before the Hon. C. E. LAW, Recorder.) MURPHY (EXECUTRIX) AGAINST DON JOSE THOMAS MURPHY, MEXICAN ENVOY. The consideration of this important case, which, so far as relates to the privileges granted by the statute of the 7th of Anne, cap. 12, to ambassadors, envoys, and ac credited representatives of foreign courts, their domes tics and servants, in this country, was, during the sitting of the Court, again brought before the Recorder, but with the exception of the question of privilege the particular facts of the case present no feature of public interest. It appears that on the sth December last the plaintiff issued a plaint, and obtained the customary attachment out of this Court, which possesses the peculiar privilege in conjunction with the city of York, of attaching money, goods, or chattels belonging to a debtor, in the hands or possession of a third party. The amount attached was 3,800 L, which was in the hands of Messrs. Schneider and Co., merchants, in the City, and on the 16th of December Mr. Locke moved for and obtained a rule nisi to dissolve the attachment under the provisions of the statute before referred to, viz., the 7th Anne, cap. 12, which not only protects the liberty of the person and chattels of the representa tive in this country of any foreign Power, but renders the parties issuing or causing to be issued any writ or proceeding against any such representative liable to punishment, according to the discretion of the Lord Chancellor, Lord Keeper, or any of the Judges of the Court of Queen's Bench, on representation to them of any such infringement of the Act, which Act is a decla ratory one, and passed in consequence of the Russian Ambassador having been seized, arrested, and forcibly taken from his carriage for debt a short time previous, and this country being at peace with Russia it was con sidered to be against the law of nations. Mr. RYLAND, in showing cause, contended that the attachment ought to remain, inasmuch that the de fendant was not de facto at the time of the issuing of the attachment the accredited representative of the Govern meni of Mexico, he having been recalled on the 29th of September, although his successor, General Don Jose Mendoza did not arrive until the 20th of December. The LEARNED RECORDER held that the defendant was entitled to his privileges up to the 20th of December, and dissolved the attachment. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. RE3IARICABLI3 CASE OF ALLEGED FRAUD.—A tall thin man, of military appearance, whose name appeared in the charge list as James Edward Carnegie, was put to the bar, charged with being what is called by the general body of tradesmen a common swindler. Mr. Wilkins (a solicitor) appeared for the prosecution, and Mr. Morgan, from Mr. Humphrey's offices, attended for the defence. The prisoner, who was introduced to the justice room as Captain Carnegie, was stated to have been connected, as a provisional committee-man, with several of the evanes cent railway companies. Mr. Andrew Smith, of Wellington -place, Commercial road East, engineer, said, " In the early part of 1845, the prisoner :called on me at my office in White Lion-court, Cornhill, and having represented himself to me as Captain Carnegie of the Royal Engineers, and the cousin of the Hon. Captain Carnegie of the Royal Navy, and of the Hon- Fox Mauls, borrowed of ,me the sum of 51. He said that he would introduce me to the two gentlemen above-named, and I lent him the money, which he promised to return in a few days and which he borrowed upon the pretence that he h a d left his purse at home, in consequence of his alleged relationship to those distinguished individuals. I afterwards learned that there was no connexion at all between him and them. I met him first in a public coffee-room, and he introduced to me a lady as his wife, whom he described as the Countess de Beaumont, and related to the blood-royal of Spain. Mr. Morgan—You do not speak of your first meeting? Mr. Smith—No; I had met him previously. He borrowed three sovereigns of me on the 30th of November, 1844, at a public dinner. He told me it was the am oun t of the con tribution he intended to give to the charity; but I do not believe that he paid anything of the kind.—(A laugh.) He told me that he had considerable property in Spain and Portugal, and the East Indies, and he introduced me to several respectable persons, who, it appears, became acciden tally acquainted with him as I did, for they were all imposed upon by him. Mr. Morgan—Of that you know nothing. Alderman Gs—He seems to know something about it; we shall see by and by. Mr. Andrew Smith—l accompanied him to the Society of Arts, as he wished to go there to see the apparatus of Pil brow's Patent Atmospheric Railroad, and I was a member of the society. Cross-examined by Mr. Morgan—l was first introduced to him in November, 1844. I dined with him on St. Andrew's Day in that year. I never dined with him before nor since. I knew him then as Captain James Edward Carnegie, of the Royal Engineers. He and his lady, whom he introduced t• me as the Countess de Beaumont, called on me at my office in the early part of 1845, and she was present when I lent him the 5/.. I put the money into his hand, not into his wife's, and I let him have it because he said he was Captain Carnegie of the Royal Engineers, and the cousin of Captain Carnegie of the Royal Navy, and of the Hon. Fox Maule. He told m e h e had forgotten his purse.—(Laughter.) Alderman Glens—ls there any Captain Carnegie in the Royal Engineers? Mr. Smith—so. Mr. Morgan—Why, I am given to understand that Mr. Smith and the prisoner have been long on iatimate terms, dining with and making presents to each other. Mr. Smith denied that such was the case. lie had never dined with the prisoner but once, but he admitted that he was desirous of an introduction to the prisoner's cousins: Mr. Henry Di rc k s , o f N o. 7 , Ni c h o l a s-lane, City, engineer and agent, said—ln September or October, 1844, the prisoner slid he had an invention in liqueurs, and that his name was James Beaumont. I introduced him to Mr. M'Bride, of Watling-street, wine merchant, by that name, him and I have written notes to him as James Beaumont, and addressed by the same name. Mr. C. W. M'Bride, wine merchant, of Watling-street, said, in consequence of a communication which I received from Mr. Dircks, I went to his office and saw the prisoner, and afterwards he called at my office, and made an appoint ment 2 to meet me at his house , No. 7 Duke-street, Man chester-square, to see some liqueurs; and he then introduced me to an old gentleman whom he ca lled Colonel:Count D e Gargano—(Laughter)—and a lady, whom lie called th e Countess De Beaumont, the daughter of the Duke De Puma. —(Laughter.) I afterwards went to him at No. 15, Somer set-street, Portman-square. I had no further dealings with him, but I got liqueurs from him, which balanced th e ac count. I declined having anything further to do with him when I ascertained what sort of a person he was. Mr H. Hoche—The prisoner borrowed money from , me in 1844. He came and intro duced the name of Ir. Smith as having recommended him, and I lent him 301., for which he gave me a bill, which he accepted. It was never paid. Alderman GIBBS—Why did you lend him the 30/ ? Mr. Hoche—Because he mentioned the name of Mr. Smith to me, and I therefore considered him respectable. Alderman Gums—Did the prisoner say who he was at the time P—Mr• Hoche—l knew him as Captain Carnegie. He said his lady was outside, and I told him to bring her in, and he introduced her to me as the Countess de Beaumont D'Ossuna (a Spanish title). Mr. Smith—l did not introduce the prisoner to Mr. Hoche, but he saw me write to Mr. Hoche, and the next thing I heard was that he had called on Mr. Hoche.—(Laughter.) Mr. Hoche—The prisoner, when he called upon me, said he had heard his friend Mr. Smith speak of me. He did not ask me for the money at first. Mr. Smith—l said to Mr. Hoche, " I have not introduced Captain Carnigie to you. Do not trust him on my account ; but I understand from him that he is first cousin to the Hon, Captain Carnegie, of the Royal Navy, and to Mr. Fox The policeman, who apprehended the prisoner, said he had seen the Hon. Captain Carnegie upon the subject, and that gentleman denied relationship to the prisoner, and declared that he would most readily attend upon the trial, if any should take place, and give evidence to that effect. Mr. Morgan submitted that there was not a tittle of evi dence to justify the magistrate in holding the prisoner. Alderman GIBBS—I shall certainly hold him. Let the witnesses be brought up to prove what has been stated at the next examination. Remanded. GUILDHALL. Elizabeth Baker was finally examined before Mr. Alder man Johnson, charged with being concerned with others in obtaining goods fraudulently from tradesmen. She was re manded from time to time, in the hope that some of her confederates would be traced, and the property recovered. This not having been done, the magistrate now determined to send her to Newgate. She had been previously com mitted on two charges of stealing, and the evidence in a charge of conspiracy with Gerhard and others, to defraud Mr. Burbridge, a hatter, in the Southwark-bridge-road, of 401. worth of hats, was now taken. The hats were supplied to Gerhard, who commenced business as an outfitter at Kennington. ➢lr. Lewis, the solicitor for the prosecution, examined the witnesses, but no additional facts transpired. The prisoner, who was undefended on this occasion, was committed in default of sureties in this case. THE CONTEST BETWEEN THE COURTS OF ALDERMEN AND COMMON COUNCIL. Saturday, the committee of the whole court appointed at the last Court of Aldermen, for the purpose of taking into consideration the grand matter in dispute between the two courts assembled in the Guildhall; the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor in the chair. Deputy PEACOCK rose the moment the Lord Mayor took the chair, and congratulated his Lordship upon the excellent temper and judgment exhibited by hi m i n meeting the Common Council in so friendly a disposi tion. Every one, he stated, must have been delighted with the unanimity which existed on the subject of the appointment of the committee, for that unanimity com prehended the belief in the necessity of the reform which must take place in the Court of Aldermen. Ife and several other members with whom he was in communi cation, entertained the firm conviction that there were three points which must be carried before it could be said that the court was reformed. The Aldermen must allow the Common Councilmen to make such references as the latter should consider to be expedient for their own govern ment. The Aldermen must not meddle with the city cash, except jointly with the Common Council: and the Aldermen must be subject to periodical election. These three great principles must be carried during the present mayorality.—(Hear, hear.) After some discussion as to the propriety of opening the doors to the public during the deliberations of the committee, which terminated in permission for strangers to be present. Mr. John Wood continued the protest which he had made in the court against the removal of the notice from the paper of business of the third read ing of the Qualification Bill. Mr. T. H. HALL suggested the propriety of at once proceeding to the consideration of amending the minutes of the court at which the Lord Mayor refused to put, the question. It was evident that a serious, misrepresenta tion had been made in entering these minutes; he ad mitted that the error had not originated in the intention of the officer who had made it, but until the corrections were effected no good could be accomplished. lie sub mitted a motion recommending to the Court of Common Council to amend the minutes read at the last court. Several members objected to the course just proposed, and were strongly in favour of referring the whole matter connected with the subject to a sub committee. It was, they said the opinion of some that the minutes were literally, though not in spirit, correct; and of others that there were several inaccuracies in the record. However, there appeared to be no difference at all on the great question as to the right of the Lord Mayor to refuse to put the question of the third reading of the Qualification Bill. The whole subject, they thought, could be much more profitably discussed by the sub committee. As unanimity was considered to be indis pensable in the case, the members, after some observa tions, agreed to the proposition that a sub-committee be appointed to consider the reference from the Common Council of the 21st of January, 1847, with full power to proceed therein, and to report thereon from time to time to the committee. The sub-committee, consisting of s proportionate number of aldermen and common councilmen, was then appointed, and the commits ee ad journed. CULTIVATION OF COTTON IN THE EAST INDIES. In our last, we published the memorial of the Hull. Cham ber of Commerce on this important subject, to the Court of Directors of the East India Company, and to the Board of Control for the affairs of India. To it, the following satisfac tory reply has been received from Sir John Hobhouse, Bart-, the chairman of the latter department "India Board, 19th January, 1847. " Sir,—l have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated the 13th instant, transmitting for my in formation, copy of a memorial, addressed by the Chamber of Commerce of Hull to the Court of Directors of the East India Company, on the subject of cotton cultivation in India. "In the year 1840, this important subject engaged the earnest attention of the Court of Directors and this Board, and arrangements were then made for testing, on a large scale, the capabilities of India to produce increased supplies of cotton, adapted for the home market ; and as several of the experiments then introduced are still in progress, you may rest assured that my best considerations will continue to be given to every practical measure having for its object the improvement and increased supply of an article so es sential to the welfare both of India and the United Kingdom. " I have the honour to be, sir, your most obedient servant, "JOHN HOBHOUSE. " Thomas Thompson, Esq., &c., &c., Hull." —Hull Advertiser. HERRING TRADE---CONTI NENTAL MARKETS. The Commissioners of Supply for the county of Banff have transmitted a memorial to Government, to obtain the admis sion of British cured herrings into the continental markets on the same terms as those cured in Holland, &c. A more extensive field for our herring trade is much required abroad, and if such an outlet be not secured for this important branch of our native industry, many thousands of our population will be thrown out of employment. In Banffshire alone 800 boats and about 8,000 persons are employed in the several departments of the herring trade. Some of the circum stances stated by the memorialists are interesting :—" In 1810, the total cure of herrings was ninety thousand, it now exceeds six hundred thousand barrels, on an average, yearly. The failure in the potato crop, for the last two years, has ex ercised a most depressing influence on the price of herrings in the home markets, causing a very great diminution in their consumption ; so much so, that it is consistent with the knowledge of your memorialists, that a great quantity of crown branded full herrings, the produce of this season's catch, remains on hand at the present time in the Irish mar kets, unsaleable at a proportionate rate to the value of other provisions, or, where forced off, not yielding over 9s. per bar rel—not half the actual cost of the barrel of cured fish as it leaves the curer's hands—a sacrifice of property ruinous to those embarked in the trade ; and, with a recurrence of the potato failure, your memorialists are fully aware that a most material decline in this branch of our native industry must, in consequence, ensue—save an increased demand can b e created abroad for the cured fish. Looking to the continent of Europe, your memorialists find, that Prussia and the Ger man States are, in a manner, the only countries open for the import of British cured herrings at moderate duties (Prussia, 35.); Russia, whose population is very fond of salted her rings, and on which we have strong claims for reciprocity in trade, would consume enormously, were our herrings admis sible on a parity of duty with those of Norway, on which it amounts to Is. 2d. per barrel, whilst the rate leviable on Bri tish cured amounts to 4s. and 4s. 6d. per barrel, according to the rate of exchange. Your memorialists cannot omit stating that, in consequence of this differential duty, not more than two thousand to three thousand barrels British cured herrings find their way into the Russian markets, being at the same time, well assured that our fine and carefully cured herrings, in comparison with the coarse winter her rings of Norway, would, at an equal, or more moderate duty, and unlimited consumption amongst the population of the vast empire in question. It is also in the knowledge of your memorialists, that, were the present duty of 16f. exigible on British cured herrings, on importation into Belgium, reduced to that leviable on the cure of the Dutch, viz., sf. per barrel, the country in question would annually draw large supplies of the article from the Scotch ports ; whereas, under the existing differential duty, the Dutch fish-curers have a mono poly of the important fish market under notice."—The mer chants, fisbcurers, and others interested in the trade and fisheries of Orkney, have also memorialised the Government to the same purpose. They set forth, amongst other disad vantages suffered by the enterprise of Orkney, that whereas the Norwegians have plenty of the best wood ter the con struction of herring-boats, at a cost little more than the price of cutting the trees, Orkney does not produce timber. The cost of constructing vessels is, of course, enhanced by the duty on foreign timber. Farther, all the articles of foreign pro duce consumed by the Norwegian fishermen are imported at very low rates, while the same articles for British fishermen (such as tea) are heavily burdened. The Orkney memorialists state that the best market for cod is Spain, and that within these few years a direct trade to a considerable extent had been opened in that most important branch of the fisheries ; but that the trade has been g reatlydirectly imported restricted nia n aß r by Spanish tni British e b import votetsosmei d lo u l e . s, p v e i r h t ic o h n ; ar i e n , d w ir h ec e t n ly d , ir l e 2 c l tly 7 6/. 10s. ; indirectly, 81. 13 s. T hese dues are considered p exces- , sive ; while herrings, by the Spanish laws, are, if British mcuermedo,riaalltisotgsestihwewr t e h x e cl n u o d r e t d h . ern A fi s sh a in n g u s o rs t er. b v e fo o r f i s m eal o u r e t n a , nc th e e . for, in the last w ar , O r k ney and Shetland furnishecrup war upwards of 5,000 effective seamen for the fleet. —l n v erness Courier. HOW TO MARE A HOME.—In your workshops, in your clubs, in your institutes, obtain signatures to your petitions: get every labourer, every artisan, every trades man whom you can influence, to sign petitions. Other things must also be done before your condition can be rendered prosperous ; but this must precede every real improvement ; the sources of the poison that infects the atmosphere you breathe must be dried up before you can be healthy, and uncleanliness must be removed from the exterior of your dwellings before you can find or make a Home.—Dr. South wood Smith's Address to the IVorking Classes on their Duty in the present state of the Sanatory Qnestion. THE LAMBING SEASON. --The lambing season having commenced, we hear of several births upon venous farms in the'distriet, Mr. Graham, of Blackwell-wood, Mr. R. Ferguson; of Harker, and Mr. Thomas Dockray, of Green Quarries, are among the earliest who have had an accession of lambs to their flocks. Mr. Graham, of Blackwell-wood, has a ewe which dropped a fine lamb on the 18th instant. The offspring of the same ewe has graced the sheriff's table at the spring assize,' for the last three years successively,— Carlisle Journal. HUNTING TERMS. The tail of the deer is called the single • of the fox, the brush ;of the wolf and dog, the stern ; and the hare and rabbit, the stent. The feet of the fox are called pads; the face, the mask of front ; but in the deer it is the snout or nose. Of pointers, setters), spaniels, greyhounds, and terriers, two are called a brace, and three a leash ; of hounds, heag le t &c., two are called a couple, three, a harle, or a couple -an half • of spaniels and terriers, more than two brace of differs _ ent ' kinds are called a rough muster; several brace of spaniels are called a pack. In some counties it is common to say a couple of spaniels. In true sporting phraseology it is a kennel of foxhounds's pack being thought more appropriate to harriers, but Mel crack sportsmen are nevertheless heard to talk of a pack 0 foxhounds, in common parlance. • When hounds, in drawing for their game, bit the et the reverse way, they are said to draw amiss. But when the game is up, and the hounds scent it in the opposite dir e q e e n ' they then run to the heel, or run to counter. Wi e a re take a fresh scent, they hunt change ; and when ' e Y bo t seen traversing the same ground over and over, they . d foil. When they run without any cry, they run mute; n". if they chase other game than that for which they are en a c tered, or are otherwise disobedient to the huntsman, theY ' said to run riot. or Hunted animals frequently take the water. A. still; other deer doing so are said to take soil, an otter beats t b f e stream, all other animals are said to take water. When a t i takes to ground, if it be to a regular fox earth, he is said to run to earth ; but when he descends into a slough or d ran : he has then run to ground. Drag up to a fox, walk uP dor, or draw on the slot. Quest or trail the hare, find or an' kennel a fox, unharbour a deer, start the hare from the f Oll3l or seat. The hare is pricked by the foot ; the fox is balled 0 r padded. A fox and a hare run up and down a cover; a deer beats the cover. A fox is said to be headed when he is tur ned back, a deer is blanched, and a hare making a return doub le The hare squats, the fox lies down ; a fox is ree,overed , end * deer is fresh found. The death of the stag is the breaking or the take; that of the fox is to be worried; and "I whoop is the death cry of both fox and hare. Tally-ho back when the fox heads back ;if the hounds come out it is hark back. A sharp burst is the first run wh et very quick. If the scent is so good that the hounds run al most mute it Is called a burning scent, but the hounds thre^, up or stop for want of scent, or because they' ba y overrun it, then it is a check. If, on the contrary , t h e „,. scent is so good that they have no need to stoop re it, they are said to run breast high. In drawing t h t . cover, the first hound which throws its tongue i 3 stud challenge. The fox, when killed as soon as found, or in co ve l ; is said to be chopped. Hounds thrown i n to cover are be drawing it. The scent left by the f ox on his return to el kennel is called the drag ; when ra th er f res h er than a dra g is a moving scent When the scent of the fox extends it,'"", so that a majority of the hounds feel it, an d crow d tegeWe to pursue it, they are said to carry a good head ; when rta reverse of ithis is the case, and the dogs do not atternP .m ' rush to the head, they dwell on the scent ; when it is e 0 I T - 4 as scarcely to be perceptible, they cannot feel the scent fox is said to run his foil when he retraces the ground he P., t been over. Hounds, when they have recovered a lot ect, are said to have hit it off, and one signalising himself on occasion has made a good hit. When hounds are pressed a e n ii wards by too zealous riders, the huntsman's rate, a ''' ol hard" is the check to the hurtful impetuosity ; H o ld als o on" is the reverse, and is a direction to the hunter"? if make to the head, and try to recover the sinking ocen" rt be the impetuosity of the riders shauld occasion the death 01_,,a fox unfairly, he is said to be headed to death. The g o 7d hound that abides by the scent only and will not go 5 1 . 9 kt beyond it, is called a line hunter. When hounds are mettled in their hunting they are said not to stoop . scent scent ; but when in one line, they go at the top of their ePe i 7 l they are then said to be streaming away. s om e doge a said to be tight in their tongues, i. e. they run mut e ' h is nearly so. The good hound, on the contrary, throweoe, tongue freely; but a too noisy hound is called a bib and should be drafted. A hound that has a habit of ruE ll/1 00 wide of the pack is called a skirter. Full cry is whe el ,b e it joyous pack acknowledge the scent by throwing i a (l tongues freely. When hounds are running with the ". behind them they are running down wind. s" ta Bounds and greyhounds, when tired, are sai d overhaled ; pointers, setters, spaniels, terriers, &c.,,;id" INSOLVENT DEBTORS. (From Friday night's Gazette.) SUMMER CIRCUITS, 1847. SOUTHERN CIRCUIT. Henry Revel Reynolds, Esq., Chief Commissione r. Berkshire—At Reading, Tuesday, June 22. Oxfordshire—At Oxford, Thursday, June 24. Worcestershire—At Worcester, Saturday, June 26. Radnorshire—At Presteigne, Tuesday, June 29. Herefordshire—At Hereford, Wednesday, June 30. Brecknockshire—At Brecon, Friday, July 2. Carmarthenshire—At Carmarthen, Monday, July 5. Cardiganshire—At Cardigan, Wednesday, July 7. Pembrokeshire—At Haverfordwest, Thursday, July • 8 Glamorganshire—At Swansea, Monday, July 12. Glatnorganshire—At Cardiff, Tuesday, July 13. Monmouthshire—At Monmouth, Thursday, July 15. Gloucestershire—At Gloucester, Saturday, July U. _Aar At the City and Co un ty o f th e Cit y o f B r istol, 'l 4 i" July 20. Somersetshire—At Bath, Thursday, July 22. Somersetshire—At Taunton, Friday, July 23. Cornwall—At Bodmin, Tuesday, July 27. Devonshire—At Plymouth, Wednesday, July 28. so , Devonshire—At the Castle of Exeter, Friday. JigY,,,, a At the City and Cou n ty o f th e Ci ty o f E xete r-- o s — Dorchester, Monday, August 2- Wiltshire—At Salisbury, Wednesday, Augustt tlia mptelV At the Town and County o f th e T own Of ‘.". Thursday, August 5, Southampton—At Winchester, Friday, .August 6. Nountartist CIRCUIT. John Greathed Harris, Esq., c omm i s sioner. Yorkshire—At Sheffield, Friday, June 18. Yorkshire—At Wakefield, Monday, June 21. OA' At the Town and Co un ty o f t h e T own of Kingston -O i D Hull, Friday, June 2.5. Yorkshire—At the Castle of York, Monday, June 28. Yorkshire—At Richmond, Thursday, July 1. Durham—At Durham, Friday, July 2. d r Northumberland —At the Moot Hall, N ewcastle- upon-1 „ 7- Monday, July 5. e' Ih og At the Town and C oun t y o f the Town of Newcastle - Tyne—the same day. Cumberland —At Carlisle, Wednesday, July 7. Westmoreland—At Appleby, Friday, July 9. Westmoreland —At Kendal, Saturday, July 10. Lancashire—at Lancaster, Monday, July 12. Lancashire—At Liverpool, Monday, July 19. Montgomeryshire—At Welsh Pool, Thursday, July 22 ' Merionethshire—At Dolgelly, Saturday, July 24. Carnarvonshire—At Carnarven, Tuesday ' July 27. Anglesey—At Beautnaris, Wednesday, July 28. Denbighshire--At Ruthin, Friday, July 30. Flintshire—At Mold, Monday, August 2. 3t 3 ' • Cheshire—At the Castl e o f Ch es t er, Tuesday, Augu,,,,„ oslo At the City and Co un ty o f th e Ci ty o f Chester --I°' day. MIDLAND CIRCUIT.. William John Law, Esq., ClYmmissioner. Essex—At Chelmsford, Thursday, Jule e 24. Essex—At Colchester, Friday, June 2'5. Suffolk—At Ipswich, Monday, June . 28. 0 3° ' Norfolk—At the Castle of Norwich, Wednesday, 6r !,, e sa o At the City and County of th e Cit y of Norw i c h--tm day. Norfolk—At Yarmouth, Thursday„ July 1. Suffolk—At Bury St. Edmunds, Saturday, July 3• Norfolk--At Lynn, Monday, July 5.. Northamptonshire --At Peterborough, Tuesday, Ju ly 7 , Huntingdonshire —At Huntingdw, Wednesday, July Cambridgeshire—At Cambridge, Thursday, July 8 ., 1 0. Northamptonshire —At N or th amp t on, Saturday, Jo* ? • Rutlandshire—At Oakham, Mon day, July 12. Lincolnshire—At Lincoln, Tuesdiay, July 13. Nottinghamshire —at Nottingha us, Th urs d a y, J u ly 15- 14 At the Town and County of the Town of Notting/lit"' same day. Derbyshire—At Derby, Saturday, July 17. Leicestershire--At Leicester, Monday, July 19. Staffordshire--At Stafford, Wednesday, J uly 21. Shropshire —At Shrewsbury, Fri day, July w ag' At the City and County of the City of Lichfield....Pi" July 24. Shropshire—At Oldbury, Mond.sy, July 26. Warwickshire---At Birmingham—the same day. Warwickshire—At Warwick, T uesday, July 27. Warwickshire—At Coventry, Wednesday, July 28. Bedfordshire —At Bedford, Friday, July 30. Buckinghamshire —At Aylesbury-, Saturday, July 31. HOME cavolura. Charles Phillips, Esq.., Commissioner. Kent—At Dover, Thursday, July 8. gotta' At the City and County of the GIL) , of Canterbury — day, July 10. Kent—At Maidstone, Tuesday, 13. • Sussex—At Lewes, Friday, July 30. Hertfordshire—At Hertford, Fridlay, August 6. ALLEGED MURDER AT BARTON' On Tuesday this case was again gone into before the g ad gistrates, and evidence had as to th e i n ti macy which At existed between Hewitt and the prisoner Mrs. Johnson' _ n o the conclusion of the evidence Mr. A m bl er propose d top , i '" o r previous attempts, on the part of the p r i soner, to make_ebile with the deceased, by admini s t er i ng l audanum to hi m , they lived at Sale Moor. M r . F ou lk es cons i dere d thi, monstrous propositi o n, an d, a f ter some little conversat ion, 11 evidence was not gone into, but, on the understanding ° to was to be brought f orwar d at the trial, it was agreed 'tti Mr. Ambler should f urn i s h the prisoner's solicitor w ith ., substance of such evidence. There were several witnh attendance for examination upon this point. This he ih g)fr• case against the prisoner, Mr. Trafford, addressing or Foulkes, the solicitor for the prisoner, said--I suppos e ; a3e s. the intimation 1 h ave g i ven , you will not call any withilie.lt I am bound t o h ear t h em, and any remarks you rna7,,,, ea tit to make. I lea v e it t o y our own discretion. in his think you will alter my o pi n i on . M r. Trafford intimanie, intention to commit the prisoner on Tuesday week. to Foulkes—After the intim a ti on y ou were ki n d en oug",he make to me, I think it is my duty no t to o b tru d e upon th e Court any observations of mine upon this great nin Ss d i s . evidence. Undoubtedly there w a s a t i me w h en I NO! this posed to enter into a commentary upon the whole o f evidence; but, since you have given m e th a t i n timatico , ' o f shall not attempt it. It appear s t o me certa i n ly a ewe very great mystery. Mr. Trafford—l t i s one w hi c h ce,rtt et h requires further investigation. (T o th e prisoner)—Elizethet Johnson, you are fully aware of the cha rge aga i ns t yoti, of administering poison to your husband, and thereby ing his death. (Prisoner—l did not do it.) It is not fo r ."; to say whether that cha rge i s sufficiently proved before l.:or beyond saying it is sufficiently proved to send you to a hig ve tribunal, there to take your trial. The facts which ha iii been proved before me, uncontradicted as they now rem 00 ,0 certainly prove your conduct to have been that of a No on ,. guilty of great impropriety ; but whether you have c od witted the awful crime with which you are charged' to thereby caused the death of your husband is known o n l y et Him who is above and to yourself, as far as aPPe s ..`"hee present. It will be for a jury of your country to s,?'Y " o w ther they believe you have been guilty or not. ol d f o r stand committed to the next assizes to take your trl- s on. .I . ohl; the the wilfu lmurder of your husband, William Henry You may stand down. The prisoner, who maintinne" her calm, collected demeanour which has characterise d throughout the whole of these pr ocee di ngs , then Ica th e dock, without manifesting th e s li g ht es t di scom posure • ro ' se remainder of the witnesses were then bound over to cutest the assizes. The prisoner was conveyed to the hat e dale gaol' by the half-p as t two o ' c l oc k train.--Nanc Guardian. .--"' TUE CONSEQU ENCE OF N ON•INTERFER E- NCE ma The returns of the past quarter prove that nothing.e iree " d has been done to put a stop to the disease, sufferivg , ve ., merits, chiefly of a showy, death in which so many thousands perish ; that the na i pro re not reached the homes and habits of the people; and that c hildren , the consequence is that thousands, not only a th but of the men and women themselves , the do superficial, outside character, perish of formerly so fatal, for the same reasons, in barracks , c A T I3 / -1 gaols, aria §hips..../?eport of the Registrar- Genoa, 15". ORA Cr A Ou Writti have durin attair 91:1 th !nto This t each stq ue intell • nano, • to be /ken indu4 has 1 Lord in hi US at neat time thou head firm it is sligt are ness refit surr mad cool inte and still by ( depl mor MIR You be i pact of 1 able his