The Sun. — London, England, 1817-01-08 00:00:00

Rte r . Tun ca:l:u.s ;•6 - ;nn:: r, A new periodical Work, under this title, came rtli with the new year, and .as we, observe from first Number that it evidently possesses very Orinr claims to Public notice, ,«e take this ofTnrtimity of bringing our Headers ac , isinted,with its merit. There is, at least for our tiMes,cnnsiderable ality in the design it is to cultivate the ltte ry intercom St , of PEACE, and conjoin in one lbli catiall, which appear si:nultan?,ously' in rend ) at Paris and in English at London, Essays the most import nut topics Minn"' to all "a rms, and derived from the heat so , irco of 'ttion in each. The Correspondents whose letters cmitahied in the Number before os are clearly re rank in life to which the sources of intelli 'nee are open, and endued with talents to make iexcellent use of the advantages Within their 4 , IVS, and the:initials employed seem to notio n ity truth that thP Editor is Dr.SToonAwr "Jltusrtpe►tmost o f t h e eigor-nis politteal wisitions . recently published ill the Tiuies N( liter are attributed. The. Duke de Les tlve tcAtihtlx,NrY i M..•SarvITHEY., and other etni7 tilt Literati ari!.mentioned as being stinting the Iliess contributors, tend the letter which We Se". " as a .sPecilnett of the manner in which work is con d uct ed , we beliey :• I-e ‘‘'‘ nay safely , etthe to 1 ,11, rle CHATEAUBLIAND. 17t !' (4 )Serle from the Introduction that not only tlitical, !floral, and literary subjects ,arc P r° P ns ' ' to It't di, eusqed in the sequent Nnmbers, 4 blit at tlie Arts, the Drama, and in short every thing 4411 rutty be considered as eliaracteristie of Na. I 's Are within the scope those who lottedlotted this Iludf'rklking , .The present Volume L it ,„l rt , (l and fifty.six pages ) h as n'ot entered ';" the luster subje cts , h ut i s ' chiefly moral; tin" 811 ( 1 bistorichl, It treats of the agricul -1.4 and commercial distress in England, and of Municip;l Corporations, in two g ood IlaYs ; there IS a biography of JOHN IVULEY' e founder of tile Methodists, placing the 8 " . oy in as amiable a point of view as• the Writer I. 81. c 64 ,1 possibly manage ; ac count of Le,igue of Virtu e • and politlCal Societies in "malty also draw n by a part i a lhand f!lient and inst. retrospect upon the a jr a i r; of t. hy NV, J.; a short notke of the' claimantS ' be Ju"Nms, Which denitts that site i t , ‘-`‘e letters is yet kn,,:r n ; thelluY"::1 1 :: : : ; - the' ahnse of the terms .cLibe* 'leas " " ( 1 `` Ultra Ro‘faliSt," a good article th e Count E; on th e Electoriai Colleges Vrance, possessing useful infornititi" ; on . !b eaus or eradicating on the mentlicity ; at e rtf P ttrties in Prance ; the revision of II "' cod, the proceedings of the present L 'ollter of I)eptities, and Oil Fooetta's cele 'llted Epistle to the Dt'ike of IVELLINGT"' indled a I ""sterly iTiftrillet, and tried with re r'llee to the unerring p . rincitilea justice 8114 uth . We „ ' "° nu more at'p resent tb an i ntrol i nee this brief sketch a s.electinn from the C°rrts" r ,ticlettt, witislt WC think trill justify our favour °Pinion, 4,1,1 prediction that it will become as pOp.4ll;tr ai it is likely to be a generally 'lefieial publication.* rt - „„ 1 ,, , by INlvssrs. Longman' and Co. at 54. a tit tn'Qry 'two months. I'oxl l iI. STATE ov.PARTIES IN FRANCE. . . "To J. St. Estz. " Paris, Deceit%Tort, Ulla . Of Nry. 14 41 11le State of °lir affair s , I ',plied to have l""i rt,'",ire in failillia. a promise, which I hail plea ilkt:',""kii,g ; hut I n ow s i t down to write, 3 heart • far I fuel, that in ilopitie too tigilittel ~, i i I. yl. I have promised too larguly: A . per.. eo, ( A 4B l P, t elotliced in my I,ivo tt r, I, z.... , ha bituatt d , "" te or 'tie witho u t re,het re, .wtmiti not fail ,to ii: t hlll etl ; nay, I eau easily conceive t that the ihtt tittrey.. 1 tto credulity would hesitate to believe li r ' ""'s I have now to recount. Prepare : lell, then, fora surprise of Ito Coillilioli force; ~I t ' ' e ie to lte,tr What put coulei never have sus , 11, Wilrit 'II ' t . 1 I. : t ji 11 iitilitiou would llot , ." thoU ,I •.‘ vi LS 1 `l, 'r„ 1 , I,t tat. invent ing—trut Its which resemble t ' . II) and which will.pass fur. fiction With 1 105 " Y,..--youssliall judge. • i ntitt tit‘e Illonieti t of yitur leaving Paris, the sat f 1 , 11 i d 1‘ ranee teemed to present visible marks u kl . t ( ' lll 't.' Iltere was thiteb p oll In intention ; ' 4B softie in result. One or two men , anl - iti i i and tin ' ce.o, bnt still obscure, bad begni i tt -. ' r,; t st bettdo.; to rake themselves above t he TO' ~,,,,,"f the nation ; it few worn, ,, out • intriguers 411 ,, ti 5;0, but without ail apparent suocess, to re . -, 10,3eti'e t hreetion of publit opinion : some agy more illtilaciOUS, or more bliarp-sightetit 111 ii,._.. , t. "ell partners in fraud, appeared now t . tutl . 1) . iii N the W: re bock-ground of the polii cal 11i,'''' ft elie from ‘vhich they seemcd 1)11 the eve 41,19)1w4vitig for 'ever. Cer t ainl y .' that great II 14; 1 1 "f Eur6 ,Pe , which is culled the Radiutionv i ' "nil dus hot kiNienr, to he riitliehily :enrol . en"ely thing indicated, that its ravages ha", ft:n""iilly arrested, thatjhey would spreml I,ki i . l lger and that in two or, three generations, 1 4 .4'l .tveatnient would quite tinitiliOate its ye '. tvery thin , ' nri,li..4 ....1 -i, -' • ' - . , • 'Le 111.4v , p 1 1 pf . or iostilutio•ns tO heaths, devote({ to ha ,Ktll4) to the lawful dyucts ty, and to the coostitutional character ; perietrated with the necessity of those sacrifices vvhiell nn happy events had imposed On her ; supporting her . misfortunes with calmness, Out of affection to her Siosereign ; and ipienchiag, from respect to his will, the insist just resentmentss she offered an sdnioahle spurt deli! to the world, a, noble, exam pie to history I . The hm-ne of Frelichmen, Solon;; menacing and terrible, became something more, :cod something better it was respectable, it w - aS interesting; it showed, that a society of mom is never so t t,;gust, as when it has lost every thins — but honour: You remember our happy 'chimeras, our Unit plan hopes !—Well, -even these scented really about to be accomplished -;;Vehen ail Opposition,• as sip-lege as it was unexpected--a--Belt I forget, that it is hoe, that your astonishment nisst begin ; or rather, that you will not Ice able to 'comprehend use, unless I depict, with the greatest distinctness, both persons and events. Indeed, there is no great art required, in this sketch ; for the features ate , ritost Stroll4l, the colours most glaring. " You must nave ohservel lwo classes of men in Franee : one of, them large, but inert, tending ,tiwtys to repose,' as the chief good, and perhaps the principal aim- of. the social state, sees in po litics nothing, but a Wean of order and stability : the Other, much less numerons, but notch more active (and consequently powerful, when :lot re- , presje4),,,,,, gr is tormented ,ley, ilesikes , nothing ; ..4;an tilveasesby passicins whiehnothifig.can calm, and incessantly pints after new Revolutions ; he .canse the bope'of change is a compensation, which • the ~11tuighty has 'thought: fit to antic, in this world, to the. painful .disquiet of the wicked. Again, the first of these two parties is,coniposed of those, who are in all 'countries distinguished as , honest men. With the exception of tdit ht lovai ri:fferences, they are every, where di l tinguished by the same inarks,, they move ,always in the same path, and they !lever ifdil to orrive, sooner or I .ter, at the 'Same result, iu all welkegulated commu nities , that is to say, in all Snell courniunnies, they secure an ultimate triumph to kotice and . morality : and 'if they did not obtain this resills, the community must cease to exist ; ttitlCC no po litical body airs ,survive its own vital principle.• The other,,party, which I, have no need to distin ,gnish by `name, gains advantages more precarious, hut at the same time more tirdiing. It concurs in forming institntions, only that ,it may the better know s their. weak pads, and overturn theta the more easily.. It submits .to the sceptre, , only so long asit is too weak to bur: the .Slonarch from the throne. Every step, in its progress to power, i s a stet) toward the dis s olution of the State: every conquest, dial it miski;„ is a homage to death a n t i anus Authscions and do catening, tinder the weal; Governinents, which yield i:S fit at attack ; ptorltgal leigned ca resses, an d by. denWiihr ratitoOS. of fidelity to. those, , 'which are uresoltite, or off their guard; it is, tie. vfO !iv:lest , easily retniced to submission hy those, which k now , And .1 ear not to talploy their own strength ; for the parts of wh ich l speak,i ,stion uniasked, its inconceivable impatience alwass it, beyond the hounds of dikqetion, and uti projects are so Open, dolt- they'Crinlitit Old' to be anticipated by' any, reesonable prinlente.. One .naturally suppose, that such a party nresi ► every is here cease to. be dsngerotts, front the mo ment thsi it' %Jews .are. diseovered. One wo uld imagine that this must especially lir the case in France,.where the, events OF the '2,0111 of Xlarell brought the men ,o 1 no piincsple distinctly for t ward, and Fascicled them in contrast .with.the honest and virtuous ; even as we ate told,. the goats will be separated from the lambs, turtle day ut judgmeot. sand yet, My divat t;:ese very nice, so unmasked, so exhibited in open thy-light to the discrimination of tbe whole %%sold : iliese, say, are the men whom, here in France, O the time that I write to you, it is the fashion to ca ll H i e c o n stitutional porty, toe friends of tile K tilt supporels of legitimate Government ! This is the party, Sir, which assumes io be the 'exclusive organ of pubiic opioion—s he party which France presents to astonished Europe, as the guarantee of our hon Our, and , tit the stability of the nyineiples which we patters. A s to those faithful Royalists, whose sufferings havissflorded ao rough a test of their virtues, they, forsooth, Are a set of ignorant oreatiiretr, tar behind the present age in` reformation, obs final e blockheads, fanatics, flay, at Jast, yebels t Don't- su ppose, Sir, that titese strange definitions are the irony, of wounded spirit which gives vent to its feelin g s jrl sarcasrli and hyperbole. Nos',they a re cited merbatinz:.tirey are sae ,ordinaryleingintee of the day ; they are classieal, I believe I may say, (A . They enjoy.licre'all the moral. authority of pamphlets, all the intallibiLit y of jonrnals, all the dignity of the stisiso conMiunicationsof poliCe.- opposition to ills Monarchy is the term given ni the modern, disleet .of the Barest!, to the Mist stows, the last efforts, of those generous French- Meo - who have lived only fot the Royal coase.— Was in promising that you should hear tvonders,? • ",.Yes. Sir, there is a Constitutional party in France.S it is the party which Isav made and nu made. seven or eight constitutions. There is is Monarchical party; it is the party which has abolished the Monarchy, as far as ii possibly could. There is a y attached to t he Bourbons ; it is the party which noirdesed Louis XVI. On a scaffold, ilnintiledj,OinS XVII. in a dungeon, and drove Louis..XVIII. twice from his throne. ..There .is, top, in France, you mast know, a party which is devoted to Liberty, namely, the par ty which sold her to Buolinposte , There is a pa t ty which desires' Equal Rights, to wit, the party which has inherited the rights. of every body else, and:which at this 1110inelit it he by privilege, or by prescription, I know unt,), possesses exclusively the right of rnissibidity to 'llll public employments. Not to trouble youloo far,wili enuniefetion, there is a party. which stands np fors security of pro pert y+,; And which has never ceased to confistate for the sake of plunder, and to proscribe f or t h e sake of confiscation. lii flue, this is the French part v, die party which palls .itself French for ex cellkuce rind.conception ; but which would make if that were I)o3Sible, at beur i " 1-1•;• 4;11 , 10 t)y !fly:3'o rsf tileso *rrt:!4•, , L'l"llCe ;;as been so ovvriva,:e.l with eakini y, in time past, awl is .lireatened with so much 11 Emmy come. But this is not all; Sir. There is anothrt party, enterprisin,; . , tumultuous, seditious ! It Ii , the party t,t those poor old Men, who have brosight back trout exile nothing hut the antiqu.ated dress and the noble sword of theAti ancestors; tuid whoie Minds, docile to mistortiine,, are not even soured b'y insult, a thousand times harder to bear _than adVersity: it is that of those delicate but timorous consciences, which would willingly preserve Cue interests of morality, by sub Scribing to. ,the ar-• rangements of policy,: and distingnsli irreparable' events from principles, the loss- of Which only is irreparable; it is that of thJse Citizen+Warrios,: Who passed without ambition from the plough to Coil wand 01 armies, in the cause oof .6ods, their King, and their country; and who went.; back to the plough,, without reCotopense and without regret : but always devoted to the state cause—Ound oscine !—Finally, it is that of those. 'exemplary patriots whom 'the Revolution seduced when ti no only a delusion; alarniell when it became a wime, wearied When it Was . a folly, and . disgusted when it wal:the Watchword of in triguers, robbers, and scoundrels. Add to, the it fired descriptions of persons that I have men tioned; .the hnoiense number of Frenehmen who are inclined to peace, who are fatigued, who are sick Of all that they have seen, who are anxious to hoovv, once tor all, what' they have to rely On —and,,,yel Will find, that the whole forms a party, which, is calumniated when it is 'described its alarming: but which is certainly not misrepre , • sented to be numerous. " To learn the secret of the present state of affairs, Sir, ytin 'teed only the key to the words that are . ii faShion. By the words Constitutional or Unconstitutional then; as aPplied,to persons, you must understand the very opposite of what each appears, at first sight, to si , ,toity. The Con stitutional men are the melt who will not intve. .any law, any constitution; or, what is much 'the saute citing, will change laws and constitutions when they like, or when they can gain any thing by the change. The Unconstitutional men are they who hope th find a guarantee in the consti tution,o,llws, against the de facto triumphs of the IteNolution. You ask me, what are the Ministe rialists ? 1 can'only say, .they are neither consti tutional nor unconstitutimial ; the only preten shin they have is, to he eternal. The); know, by long experience, that good places are salutary - and profitable to those who' hold them. 1 cannot blame this,artiele of their faith. It is the ortho', dox belief, both of ins and outs, in most'coun! tries ; but the difference is, that Ministerialists in sou:e countries (as, for instance, in England) hare certain political predilections, which arc stconger even than their love of place ; Whereas, with os; they stick to their posts, by ,habit, with out exceptionbf Sovereign, of law, or of country. The Revolution was a mine opened by pretended philosophers, who knew not how to - work it, and scroutlif by pretended legislattirs, who could ne ver have found the way to discover it : it was, conquered' and :last by the soldiery; and, at last, i t has come to he divided among a handful of pc • A circumstance: worthy of remark - rhi, Stilt ohiespotisin kgainst rational liberty was Headed in' vaiu by •Generals-SWord in band : it has been gained by Clerks of• Office. " It is needless to paint the effect which this subsersion of principles and ideas produces on public opinion. The natural consequence is, that people thank the Rtryalists want either the power to save France, or the inclination, or both ; since they are hither feared or abatnlotted by the legiti mate authority; Another inference, equally reason-. able, 'is, that the Revolutionists alone formed an accurate judgment of the state of France : that theyalone 'fflitierstOod: the country and were able to govern it; since, liberated , by chance, 01)(1 tree torn . moment, it hastened ,to thro‘i. itself a gait! 'into thtir bloody arms, and to in ind laws, ms, limn their experience. & ,is , deduction, tilt' very that melt, who sewn re.ison IS() aptly,' tor the parlicuhir occasion, h a , t . ; ,I,,, ay s reasoned fairly; that the authority.of their !systems, and of their examples, does not d,,t r to rely friM) the Bth of July, 1815, but was equdly valid on the' '2oth of 11:.rcli preceding: nay, on the 2tl of tieptember 1792 ; and that, if at the end of th e trial we see the Judge_ embracing the criodual, it 's hecanie crime is becorite . justiCe. Some tern unpleasant results, it rtrust be owned, are produced' by this mode of reasoning. There is in timid and a uspicious minds a disquiet, a dis trust, a dissatisfaction; in weak souls . a tliscoti rageme:nt ; there is even a degree of sorenetis, about . certain characters, which are natu rally energetic and loyal,, but .Which are tome tilions, through sensibility, and Which think tit hard, after sacrificing every thing, to be placed below esteem, perhaps below indulgence. 'Dime is, moreover, a genet al disorder. in men's judg ments past,events, and, consequently, in their roles for fottire conduct—rules which have 'been extremely unsettled throughout the whole course of the Revolution. Again, another result is, that total scant of security which always attends false combinations, in politics, anti which is a stifficient proof of their error, when they ate nothing worse than errors. " short, were it not for the love of the King, that feeling which while it alarms public opinion for the safety of a life, so dear to., us all,..s gt v e l b , at the same time, to keep that opinion ballasted and steady, the terrible aim. of the .Anarchists would have,heen long ago attained: scattered iu an it - nom - Ise void without unity, - without harmony, ,wit hoot concentration, the elements of society would have mutually repelled eadi other iu r eetions, and the body politic would have ceased to exist. Even tinder llnottaparte, tinder that rnao : w ho represented the character of. the are, with so much power, a similar state of things, if it h a d b e en possible to ,exist, could nut : have con , tinned for a single day. Ilappiiy, there is iirwhat, is morally good, a principle of preservation stronger than any which the genius. of evil pos. sews ; tvete it not so, the "rstate of the wovid" would have been long since " undone." Frinu all,that I have said, Sir, you wilt con. cinfte that it is physically possible to save the narchy, nay to save the Dynasty, even though theitevolutionists have acceptiM it Save: the flot%.*ll :ht.' Ineve sevntwei to iv,: ore.Nr to ett,, : ! , t thii physical o“Iti aitly ht necess.gey -that they should const-nt to ,no longer 'tvlia: they have willed to this thy, and to will sincerely what, they have never willed at all ;, to comprett4nel, and to r...lpect, in short. the rights ut a legit ictnre Government, and the sanctity of oaths : .and 1 , 1 return for alllbe gold and all the blood lavished nv them, anti for them, honestly to restore pe.ece ti, Europe; reserving lb themselves, with the,consent of all the Sovereigns, the special getardiatishlp'of the throne,' .At this price, at least, we hit ve !tut a slight change to stake in the noble and ,:;tivalremS exclamation of the Royal Francis should have Itls6 no thing but honour. This, however, is a problon, which, as it depends on 'the good faith of those Gentlemen, will not very 8001) be resolved. " After the general -sketch which have bete given you, it only.rentains for me to enter into sore particular details, telative to the 'circuit). tances of our preb't.nt situation. , communi ! .. cation he perfectly frank and undisguisetl; and •sh:dl lam the stibivet of a letter, which you nnty expvet in a taw-days from - 40 Your sincere Friead, cs .!c.,* JAMAICA INTELLIGENCE,. •The'South A meritaneTnisers, or vessels sailing under these cohons, are, doing r a nch mischief in the West Indict, besides insulting every flag they meet of 'inferior force. • On the - 29th of October the members of the nett/ General ikssemhly met in Spanish-town .fur the dispatch of business On Thursday, the 31st, a, message- was received by the house from his Grace the Governor, ac quainting it, thats he had been instructed lay his Majesty's Ministers . to submit to the confider:ohm at the House the propriety of paSsing a bill, lar in its principle to the Shave Registry 13111, which was introduced into the House of Commons in 1815; and as the intention of 'again introttoc ing that Bill into Parliament had been suspended, in consequence of assurance which his Maje.s. ty's . Ministers felt:themselves authorised to give, that there existed a disposition on the part of the Colonial Legislatures to adopt some measures of that natore, his Grace trusted, that the anxious desire which the Ministers had shown to prevent, if possible, the interference,of Parliameat in a question so liable to he misunderstood, and to leave theconsid n eration of it to those who, In, provisions, cookil best. consult the habits and feel ings of the inhabitants, and secint its execution in, a manner the least burdensumev would he pro perly appreciated 'by the House.'of Assembly.. 11 is Grace diiclaimed, on the part of the. British ,Ministers, the intention to propose. the glestiou of emancipation ; that it was Only simply the re gistration of slaves which was wished for and intended. • The House, in Committee, came to two r esoln lions on the subject i to the purport, that the Legislature ot Jamaica had at all times adopted Measures most expedient to the convenience' an:l comfort, &c. of the slaves and that thislogis. 'attire was a/one:competent; to determine upon such liktnre measureras were best cslealated to promote -the advantage of the slaves, &c.; that n committee be, appointed to consider the subject, and to ,re vie.wthe existing laws for the protection of slaves, and to consider whether their individual comfit; ta and natural increase can he promoted by further positive coin:lntents ; and it necessary; to bring in a bill or bills for thosc• purposes. . The operations of the Smith Americans do not come down to so late it period in the Jmnalca, papers 'as the auconuts we have received by way of America ;, but its far ,as they go, they corrobo rate the late successes ot the patriot party. UrOnin, the ,Butmos Ayres Admiral, is still detained at An.. lON. Every thing which transpires respecting this adventurer chews that he had long aq,o de serted the Cathie of Ritenos Ayres, , SpoTs, 1N Mitt Sax.--Since so much attention has been. paid to the spots on tlik - luminary, it has flequently been supposed that the almost constant rains, Which deformed the w•ude of the last ye l l. were occasioned by their. appearance: This 1.),:1;ef has` been a's . often turned into ridicule. Yet it seems confirmed anew by the change which has lately tidieu place in the state of 'the wear her.-- ,During the tew months , tbat have elapsed of the present Winter, we regularly observed, that when ever the weather was ,frosty, and clear, the was : free from spots., Yesterday was one oil he brightest thtys of the whole season, and afforded us a. good opportunity of. retiewing our observa. lions, when we found that all those bodies which had have lately intercepted a large portion of the rays of the Sun, had disappeared. The whole Oh was clear, end shed forth the most vivid li„. ; ht.— We shall watch attentively the return of the (talk and it it should be accompanied with the usual rains and tempests, little d6obt their nine Pai e ) Div WENTS—WheII received should, he imme. didtely employed to advantage. Thns is is\that Property . iiecotriol!ttes. The fallowing' spewing how the Capital of, Stock-Holders may be augmented ty expending oaty a poi ion of, their Dividends, may not be deemed inapplicable : at : tLe presentinopent Money. Consnl. 1,47 16 0 limy prnilnce L 42,000 0 equal to 1,68,110 IH. 0 ntax_protlitee 91,000 0 equiti to S 4, 04 C 0 19 7 0 may podutt 10,504) 0 equal 10 17,000 ' 5 0 max prnauce . 5,250 U ,eqnni to 8,5 W 3 3 produce ‘2,oes 0 equal lo 4, , m0 I is 0 nay progues 1,311-10. equi,kl to It iti 10 the present Lottery the anove , 'refers,— the Scheme of which has met with such noleeesal, approbation, it contains Two Grand Prizes of 20,000 cloineas, and upwards , of Forty other Ca with oniy 12,000 Tickets ; the vaine,pf time small Plizes is increased, 'there being 800 of .25 Guineas each, find none lower than 171. and the 'whole will be paid in sterling money.--.. The Draw ing will, commence on Tuesday, time 21st of this month (3 . annary) ; and such Persons as have not Dividends to receive at present, should that ere this oionUi arrive again, they may,, , by it retrenchment of their superfluous expenses, pro. cure themselves tt Chance of j un Independent Funded Property,- 8%1 be enabled' to. mingle in time throng of * smiling countewnwes which are issuing Lvery day (rpm Ons 'Janis of 10sland.