The Sun. — London, England, 1840-06-05 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION. back to this House. There was an oversight in the Bill, by which the counties of towns would be outlawed ; fot instance, the county of the city of Cork comprised tiraistrict oflo miles square, which would by this Bill ; in its present form, be left without a Justice , a Sessions Mouse, a Coroner, or a constable. The Bil 1 before the House was the most curious specimen of legislation he had ever seen ; it took the levying of the cess from the Grand Juries, and gave it to the councils of the cor porate towns. Now the Noble Lord was aware that before a Grand Jury could present for a road or a bridge, there must first be a public meeting of the prin cipal cess payers ; if they approved of it, it was then ;canvassed by the Grand Jury, and even after they had . fixed the sum, it could not be levied on the district without. the sanction of the Judge. Yet all these checks were to be withdrawn, and the uncontrolled power to levy money upon the public for these purposes to be given to these town councils who might in some p l aces be peasants. He supposed that this was for the purpose of giving them something to do, as it had been contended in the debate upon the Corporation Bill, that by giving them self-government they would make them quiet, as their minds would be withdrawn from violent politics. But he objected to the class of people to whom such a power was to be givea. Ho warned the Noble Lord that if his mction viere not agreed to, the inevitable consequence must be the loss of both Bills in another house, and the blame would rest with them, and not with the House of Lerds. He concluded by moving his amendment. Sir R. BATESON seconded the amendment. The SOLICITOR-GENERAL (for Ireland) con tended that there was not the slightest inconsistency in attempting to alter a clause of the Municipal Cor poretion Bill by one in the Bill under discussion. He was astonished to hear the Hon. and Learned Gentle man say it was dangerous and unjust to g ive t o w n esuncils in Ireland the power to levy money for public purposes, it being well known that such bodies in Ene land wire entrusted with the same power, and had used it most beneficially. Was it dangerous or unjust to extend to Ireland the benefits of a system which had been found to work well in England ? The Bill then before the House was in strict accordance with the amendments introduced into the English Municipal Corporation Bill ; what then had the Hon. and Learned Gentlemen to complain of? They wanted that the system pursued in England should be pursued in Ireland, that these town councils should have the power to levy money for borough purposes and for such purposes alone. The Hon. and Learned Gentleman went on to say that unless it was intended entirely to abandon the course agreed upon between the two Houses on a former oc cation, the leaders of the opposite party would not agree to the line of conduct now proposed by the Hon. and Learned Sergeant, which would have the effect of im posing os the people of Ireland fresh burdens, without municipal representation. Mr. Sergeant JACKSON shortly replied. He con tended that under the Bill the rural districts attached to counties of cities would be unjustly taxed. He argued that it could not possibly retard the object of the Go vernment to divide the Bill—that en the contrary it might facilitate the passing of one portion, which other wise might he rejected, from the objection entertained to the other. He warned the Government that if this Bill should be consequently rejected in another place, the opposition in this House had prepared them for it. And he disclaimed any factious motive in opposing the Bills coming on near one o'clock on Tuesday morning, but the reason was his conviction of the ex treme impropriety of such late legislation.—(Hear.) The Bill then went into Committee, On clause 2, Mr. Sergeant JACKSON suggested the propriety of retaining the guards which the rate-payers now had against improper presentments. Mr. PIG OT said the councils would be representa tive bodies, while the Grand Juries were not. As to private claims for compensation, in respect to roads, &c., if a clause specially was required to give the power of an action, he would not object to it. Sir R. BATESON wished for such a provision. Lord MORPETH repeated the great difference was in the representative system which was now adopted, and tvEch gave a control to the rate-payers not pos sessed by the juries. Clause agreed to. Oa clause 4, Mr. V. STUART observed on an omission to pro vide for the remuneration of barristers called on to ar bitrate.—(A laugh.) Mr. Sergeant JACKSON—The omission is most important—barristers don't work gratuitously.—(" Hear, hear," very dryly from Lord J. Russell, and laughter.) Mr. PIGOT said he would attend to it. Mr. Sergeant JACKSON was not aware that be had been pccularly eulogistic of the Grand Jury System. After a few words from Mr. M. J. O'CONNELL, the clause, as amended, was agreed to. Clause 3 was agreed to, with some verbal amend ments. On clatise 4 being proposed, Mr. VILLIERS STUART asked the Learned Solicitor-General for Ireland how it was intended to remunerate the barrister who under the clause was to bo appointed as arbitrator ? Mr. PIGOT said he would be remunerated out of the borough fund. After a few words from Mr. Sergeant JACKSON, the clause.was agreed to. Clause .5 was agreed to without discussion. Clause 6 was agreed to with some verbal amendments. Clauses 7 and 8 were agreed to, as was Clause 9, with a verbal amendment. Clauses up to 19 were then agreed to, with some verbal amendments, and without discussion. On clause 20 being proposed, awarding compensa tion to different officers who may lose their situations. Mr. PIGOTT moved a proviso, with a view of making the inhabitants of the rural districts contribute their quota to such compensation, which, after a few words from Mr. Sergeant Jackson, was agreed to, and the clause, as amended, was agreed to. The other clauses of the Bill were then agreed to, apd on the motion of Mr. PIGOT a new clause was added to the Bill. Mr. VILLIERS STUART moved that the fol lowing clauses be added to the Bill :—And whereas, in order to a due valuation of the place or places which may, under this Act, be added to the county of Water . ford, and to rectify any errors or omissions in the valuation and table already made oat for the county of . Waterford, it is expedient, that the power of the said Commissioners appointed under the said Act should be continued : Be it therefore Enacted, That the Com missioners appointed under said Act, and now living, . be hereby re-appointed, with all power conferred upon them by said Act, so far as same shell be necessary for the purposes hereinafter mentioned ; and that said Commissioners do, with all convenient speed, and in the manner directed by said Act, make or cause to be made a valuation of all houses and lands situated within the place or places which, by virtue of this present A et, shall cr may be added to the said county of Waterford ; and that said Commissioners do also, within three months from the passing of this Act, amend and cor rect, or cause to be amended and corrected, all such I errors and omissions as may be found by them to exist in the valuation already made out by them for said county of Waterford ; and when the valuation of the place or places so to he added to said county of Waterford shall have been made ; and when the said former valuation for said county shall have been so amended, that the said Corn misiioners do act with respect to such new and amended valuation in the manner provided and directed by the said Act ; and that all such steps and proceedngs be taken thereon, and with like powers and authority as arc directed by the said recited Act with respect to the valuation in the said Act mentioned ; and be it enacted, that the power of the said Commis sioners so hereby appointed for the purposes aforesaid, shall continue :or the space of one year from the pass. ing hereof. And be it enacted, that it shall be lawful for the Grand Jury of the said county of Waterford, without any previous application at any Presentment Sessions, from time to time to present at any assizes, to he raised in the said county at large, all such sum or ' sums not exceeding in the whole the sum of 3001., as may be necessary to defray the expenses of the said valnation ; add all monies so presented shall be paid to suds person or parsons as the said Commission ers shall, by writing under their liands, addressed . the Treasurer of the county, a ppoint to su r c a h ee T iv r e the same, and the same shall be so paid b y Trea surer ex penditure : provided always, that an ac.counteao of the first sum presented to be paid to e tb said Commissioners shall be laid before the first Grand Jury before any further sum be granted to them ; and in like manner no further sum shall be granted until the account of the sum previously granted shall be laid before such Grand Jury, and be approved of." The clauses were agreed to without discussion. The preamble of the Bill was agreed to, the House resumed, and the Report was ordered to be brought up to-morrow. INSOLVENT DEBTORS' (I REL AND) BILL. The Insolvent Debtors' (Ireland) Bill was considered in Committee ; the Report was received, and the Rill was ordered to be re-committed on that day fortnight. COLONIAL PASSENGERS' BILL. Lord JOHN RUSSELL having moved the Ordc of the Day for going into Committee on the Colonial Passengers' Bill, Mr. HAWES presented two petitions in opposition . to Abe Bill. Sir EARDLEY WILMOT said that he had cer . tainly no objection to the principle of the Bill itself: He wished to know, however, if it was the intention of the Noble Lord to remove the restrictions which had been imposed last year on the importation of Hill Coolies. Lord J. RUSSELL said that the clauses of the Bill did not in themselves contain any plan for the admis ,„ li.,'/) .,4 1 i T ., I . ; sion of Hill Cooli es i n t o the Nlauritim. The clau ses ' l. were merely intended to bring before the House the ic. . r ; 1 ; 4 1 , ; ( ' general question, as to whether, u n d er any restrictions, '— '-' . - the existing prohibitions night be removed ? He . Thought that those prohibitions were, at the time,the • test measure which could have been passed, and that it .; - ',/was necessary to wait, till further inquiry was instituted K 4 C into the matter. Some time had elapsed since these restrictive measures had been agreed to, and the-ques tion had, by this time, undergone a good deal of dis cussion. He believed that they would at present be able to frame such enactments on the subject as would prevent the recurrence of such scenes as had formerly taken place in the importation of Hill Coolies. The question was one which had been very much discussed, and he was sure that any objections which could be urged against the importation bad been of late stated with_ great force, and even with considerable exaggeration *and distortion, as to the effects which would follow from it, in various publications. What he proposed was, if the clauses of the present Bill passed, that he should take upon himself the responsibility of acting on the best plan which he could form for authorising the trans mission of Hill Coolies from India to the Mauritius. In doing so he should feel it his duty in the first place te appoint an agent in India who should be specially commissioned by the Governor-General of India, or some other person in authority there, who would take care to prevent the disgraceful practices which had for merly taken place in connexion with emigration. In the next place he held it to be absolutely necessary to enforce a regulation that parties, when arriving at the Mauritius, should make such contracts as they might think fit, and that those contracts should continue in force for the pace of twe.ve months, and no longer. He felt also that there should be some provision made for the im portation of females as well as oldies. It appeared that the leading persons in the colony who were anxious for the importation of Hill Coolies would he ready to submit to these conditions, as they had much abated their former pretensions on the subject. He believed . that under the restrictions to which he had alluded, the importation might be allowed, and that so far from being an evil to the Hill Coolies themselves, they would receive considerable benefit from the measure. They would receive a remuneration for their labour, and many of them would thus be enabled to return to their country with large savings. He thought that under this view of the matter emigration might be considered as favourable to the principle of freedom of labour. With re gard to the person who would have to superintend the im portation, whether it would be the Governor-General of India or Sir Lionel Smith, the Governor of the Mau ritius, he thought that they might rely that care would be taken by the party who might be chosen, that the emigration would be regulated with a due regard to the interests of those who night emigrate. He should observe that though he would allow emigration to the Mauritius, he would not allow emigration to any of our West Indian colonies. He thought that that last plan would be attended with considerable inconve nience. It would introduce a new and totally distinct race into the West Indies. It would also subject emi grants to a long voyage, and would place them at such a distance from their own country as to render their re. turn to it very difficult. He thought those reasons were sufficiently strong to induce them to continue the pre sent prohibition as regarded the West Indies. The papers which had been laid before the House on the subject were papers which had been sent over by the Governor of the Mauritius, and the last plan that had been suggested was the result of the labours of a Corn - mittee of persons in the Mauritius, who had sent over here, as their agent, Mr. Anderson, who was a gentle man who had always manifested the greatest interest for the comforts of Hill Coolie emigrants, and who had con stantly endeavoured to make their wages commensurate with the value of their services. It was his (Mr. An derson's) opinion, that under proper restrictions emigra tion would be an advantage to the Hill Coolies them selves, while it would confer the greatest benefits on the Mauritius. He should conclude by observing that he would himself place the greatest reliance on the efficacy of the regulations which should be made on the subject. Sir ARDLEY WILMOT understood it to be the intention of the Noble Lord to allow the importa tion of Hill Coolies, with such restrictions as would effectually protect the interests of emigrants. Lord JOHN RUSSELL said it was certainly his intention to have recourse to such restrictions, but lie did not propose to introduce them in the present Bill. Mr. BERNAL could not approve of the intention of the Noble Lord to prevent the importation of emi grants to any other colonies but the Mauritius. The Noble Lord should know that our West India colonies were now suffering severely from the want of labourers, and it would excite considerable discontent in those colonies to find that the Noble Lord limited the per mission of importation to the Mauritius ; and the Noble Lord should have the same apprehension as to the treatment which Hill Coolies might experience in that last colony as in others. The fact was, that in Jamaica, for instance, labour was only to be obtained at a rate which cultivators could not afford to pay, and many were even carrying it on at a loss. All parties that colony agreed that without immigration they would inevitably be ruined. Lord J. RUSSELL said that the opinion he had formed on the subject of the West Indies was the re !tilt of much consideration. He had discussed the sub ject last week, with certain Jamaica proprietors, who had stated strongly the arguments to which his Hon. Friend had just alluded. He still, however, adhered to the opinion he had put forward. He did not say that persons would be treated with more severity in Jamaica than in the Mauritius, but he objected to the great dis tance at which Hill Coolies in Jamaica would be placed from their own country. Mr. HOBHOUSE was in favour of making a trial of the importation of Hill Coolies on a small scale at first. He believed that emigrants might be introduced into the West Indies under proper restrictions, and if they could not enforce those restrictions, he thought they would be unfit to hold any colonies whatever. Mr. E WART said the natives of the interior of India were ignorant of the Mauritius, and therefore the argu ment for unity fell to the ground ; and the objections urged against the Governors of the West India Colonies would apply equally to the Governor of the Mauritius. Ho did not object to emigration to either place, but to the sort of emigration projected—that of persons ignorant of the place to which they were going.—( Cheers.) Mr. WARBURTON was apprehensive this emigra tion of ignorant persons unable to protect themselves, would lead to a new slavery.—(Hear, hear.) If it were an emigration of persons, with their wives and families, from a place where population was superabundant to a place where they sought to live by their free labour, it would be very well ; but he entertained no expectation that the emigration of these persons, through a vile system of crimping, could end well. They expected to make good the vast mortality which took place, as in the West Indies, by the importation of free labourers. He sbnuld prefer, of the two, this importation should he to the West Indies. He did not believe, let the Noble Lord make what emigration he would, or what laws for their protec tion he pleased, it would end in anything but a mitigated slavery. Mr. C. BULLER thought his Hon. Friend the Mem. her for Bridport bad overstated the case, when he said, that if this were a country of superabundant population, emigration might take place.—(' No, no," from Mr. Warburton.) He had so under stood his Hon. Friend, and with great surprise. It seemed to him one great argu ment in this case was, that in thus allowing emigration from India, they were allowing emigration from a country where the population pressed greatly upon the means of subsistence, and giving them an opportunity of remedying their condition. His Hon. Friend had alluded also to the great sickness that prevailed in the Mauritius, but if they might believe the best evidence they could have on the subject—namely, the army returns, it would prove the climate of the Mauritius was about the most healthy of any in the British dominions. He thought they might have spared allusions to the past misconduct of the inhabitants of the Mauritius, and have avoided arguments addressed to excited feelings on this subject, and that they ought not to discuss questions of this nature with reference to past coin ] plaints. The measure was good or bad. If bad, it should not be allowed ; but if good, it should not he prevented because the people of the Mauritius had formerly acted ill. He thought, from an argument brought forward by the Hon. Member for Bridport, he had not sufficiently attended to the connection between the people of India and the Mau ritius. He granted it was a doubtful experiment to intro_ duce a labouring population into a country with which they were not acquainted, and this, to a certain extent, would apply to the West Indies. He would say, as a general proposition, be was astonished at the conduct of some advocates of the abolition cf the slave trade, and at the course they had taken on this subject—( Hear, hear)—because he thought free labour only would put down slavery throughout the world. Instead of coming forward with this opposition to the introduction of free labour into these colonies, the friends of slaves in this country ought to give every facility to the supply of free labour to the colonies, if they wished to put down slavery, which prevailed to a greater extent than ever in Cuba and the United States. It should be their business, by free labour to drive slave labour out of the market, and for this purpose they ought to bail any proposition for bringing free labour into the British colonies. He thought it the duty of the Government to try every plan for bringing free labour into the colonies whenever it could be done. There were certain difficulties with re spect to the West Indies which did not belong to the Mauritius ; first as to the distance ; they could be con veyed to the Mauritius in sixteen days, whereas this could not be done to the West ladies in less than three or four months.—( Hear, hear.) Then he thought there was great force in the argument of the Noble Lord—that in the Mauritius the Hill Coolies were becoming a great portio n of the labouring population of the country, while in races —the wh eWestli ::te dieasntdhe they would Now,mixedamhoenfogretwtoheotandef m sla k v s ey iorn, labour i g n re c a o t ns n e u g m ue b n e c r of Indian eoftheabo4nre abolition of in the Mauritius. It had been the custom, from time im memorial, for the Indians to go over to the Mauritius. At that moment there were no less than five thousand ich free Indiana living at t h e Mauritius. His h i l t c h o Lord d theirdid not propose families, which to re Ho nourable Friend had u se d an argument against their b tr l a o n i s f rn t i h s e sio No n wwould evil. He understood the Noble Lord i nten d ed to intro duce) an equal proport i on of bath sexes, that th e y m i g h t continue there and make a permanent habitati on i n t h e island. Now, he a to h asked the te wheth e rintHoruosdioeuetnof he certainly put an end would flrdeteby labour h e a t fe v a e s r i _ into the colonies, by which they had been saved from all the evils of slavery ? It would be no argument to put an end to it that it kept up the price of sugar in that colony. He asked them not to look at this question with reference to past transactions and disputes, but with reference to the interests of both parties—to the larger population of our empire in • India—and to consider. They were asked to admit a portion of it to tho Mauritius, where the land THE 8( 1 N, LONDON, FRIDAY, JUNE 5, 1840. would become a desert unless it obtained a supply of la bourers. He said it would be the course of the most spu rious and inconsiderate humanity to think they did their duty in preventing this altogether, and the question was whether or not they would procure such regulations as would ensure the benefit of both parties—to the Indians by their labour a decent subsistence, and to the Mauritius that labour without which the colony could not long subsist. SirS. LUSHINGTON regretted that a question of such importance should have been agitated in such a form as in cidentally tacked in a clause or two to the Colonial Passengers Bill, and that his Noble Friend had unfortu nately appended to these clauses a disquisition to convince us of the advantage of introducing into our great and and numerous colonies a fresh importation of labourers. He was under the necessity of departing from the subject matter of discussion, as it had been done by those who had gone before him, and to state the principles he entertained on the subject, and the manner in which he would have them carried into effect. It was urged that those who were against the emigration of the Hill Coolies were op posed to all emigration ; but no man could seriously en tertain such a proposition. Could they be insensible to the present state of the sugar market and to the petitions on the table from the consuming population, urging them to adopt measures which woula give them a larger mea sure of subsistence. Under these circumstances be had no hesitation in declaring his opinion that every man who considered this subject would desire that all reasonable means should be adopted for increasing the production of sugar by augmenting the price of labour.---( Hear, hear, he/tr.) But the attention of the House was now directed simply to the question of the Mauritius. His Hon. Friend who had spoken lest had accused the Hon. Member for Bridport of a want of knowledge of facts, but had given no one contradiction. He had accused them of introducing into this question re venge in the place of justice, supporting that proposition by no one fact or argument, and his assertions, therefore, savoured more of rash presumption than examination of the question.—( Hear, hear.) He did not mean to keep his place in the House and be accused of revenge in delivering his opinions, and he never would, so long as he had a scat in the House, endure the accusa tion without replying to it. Now, with respect to these clauses they were simply to enable the Government to carry into effect the importation of Hill Coolies from the East Indies to the Mauritius. So far so good. But he wanted to know how they had made the experiment ? They had tried the utmost force of the Government of India to prevent abuses. From day to day, from hour to . hour, men were driven, kidnapped, and sent away on false sug gestions and information. He knew that more than 250 individuals had become incapable of labour from disease. He wished to know whether his Right Hon. Friend was going to arm the Governor-General of India with greater powers? He also wished to know what was in the report about the Hill Coolies ? , Sir J. HOBHO US E— It has never arrived I Sir S. LUSHINGTON—Oh I that is most extraordi nary, for I happen to have a copy of it here.—( Hear.) Sir J. HOBHOUSE—There is another report. Sir S. LUSHINGTON had in the papers before him a statement that a Committee bad been appointed by the Governor-General to inquire into the export of Hill Coolies ; that Committee had made a report, but that report had never been brought forward. Now, be wanted first to see that the exportation was just, right, and con scientious, and if be was satisfied of those facts, he would go with his Noble Friend heart and hand to the next topic to be considered. He bad in his band a report of a gentleman who well understood the subject, and he said that the fraud was beyond conception.—(Hear, hear.) Perhaps his Noble Friend would state how he bad con trived to adopt a system of exportation from the East Indies so admirably guarded that little was known respect ing it.—( Hear, hear.) What, he would ask, was to be come of the exportation from those parts of the East Indies that did not belong to this country ? Sir J. H OBH 0 OSE—There is no appropriation now. Sir S. LUSHINGTON—That was true, but there was that system carrying on there against which there was no safe guard. Now, what had happened in the middle pas sage, the importation into the Mauritius?—( Hear, hear.) He asked his Noble Friend the question, and in ;doing so he was not ashamed to go back to past experience.— ( Hear, hear.) What was the security for the enforcement of any Order in Council that should be made ?—(Hear, hear.) Now, with respect to that, he would just advert to a few facts. In 1810 this country possed that colony. In 1814 it was myaeclaersa, fcraopmita2ls,feolooontyot3oo,imoopoorfetisolnaiveess,haadndbeyeent committed.—(Hear, a few hear.) Orders in Council were issued that none of the Governors should deal in slaves, and yet every one of them had bought and sold them, and that had been proved from the securities they produced. There was not a single officer, except Sir Lionel Smith, upon whom they could place a shade of reliance.—( Hear, hear.) The administration of justice was poisoned in the Island of the Mauritius, and he had presented petitions from merchants and commercial men, who stated that they could not carry on their commercial transactions unless a better system of justice was adopted there. Such was the state of things in that Island, that the Government might make what ordi nances they pleased, but they would pay no attention to them.—( Hear, hear.) By the blessing of God, however, a gentleman had come from the Mauritius, who stated that if they adopted his plan all these things would be put an end to. Speaking of the Hill Coolies that gentleman said they were all treated in the worst manner by being over worked, attd by the chastisement they received ; that their lodgings were most filthy, or they had none at all, and that in case of sickness advice was withheld from them alto gether.—( Hear.) Now if the Noble Lord would find him a system that would provide against those evils—if they would give him responsible, agents, he would not be op posed to voluntary emigration into the Mauritius.—( Hear, hear.) But vihat was the state of that colony ? Why the persons there were worked with police inspectors over I them, and were, in fact, slaves to all intents and purposes. Was this no slavery, he would ask ? It was a mockery of the grant of twenty millions, and it was a mere fallacy to suppose that those who went there were free labourers.-- (Hear.) He, for one, could not believe them to be so when he looked at the documents he held in his hand.— ( Hear.) Look, then, to mortality. What was the state ment of Mr. Anderson upon that subject ? Why that it amounted to no less than eight or nine per cent. per an num. Did they wish it to be greater ?—( Hear.) He, for one, thought that the population would be worn out quite sufficiently with that.—( Hear, hear.) At present the system carried on there was brutal in the extreme. The proportion of the sexes introduced there was extremely un, equal—thirty men to one woman, and nothing was more destructive to peace. The contract between the master and the man was continually violated, and not a single case could be shown where that compact had been set aside. The whole number of the population was between 60,000 and 70.000, of which between 25,000 and 30,000 were imported into the Mauritius. What were the effects of that? Why, there were 25,000 .slaves introduced into so small a population, that it was a discouragement to per sons to do their duty. Where was the necessity, he would ask, of preferring the Mauritius to all other colonies ? Was it because the planters there had not labourers? Just the reverse. Look to the increase of the products of the Mauritius. In 1825 it was 93,000, while in the last year it was 612,000, so that in fifteen years it doubled itself six-fold. What he asked, and what he wanted from his Noble Friend was not to discourage emigration--he was in favour of it. But what he wanted was, that the whole subject should be considered together. He wished to see great rational regulat;ons propounded to the House, and established by its authority, and the executory princi ple applied to them, and that they should not be a dead letter, but be carried into every quarter of the globe in which emigration had taken place. These were his views, and he was sure his Noble Friend would not think that he was raising an improper opposition in the course he was adopting. His firm conviction was, diminished as the pro duct of the country was at present, he entertained no doubt in declaring that that diminution would be less from time to time.—( Hear, hear.) Did he, therefore, wish to put a stop to the raising the productions ? No such thing. He wished to extend to the people of that coun try the use of that produce, and he would not do any thing to Out a stop to its being raised, provided its produc tion did not trample upon first principles.—( Hear, hear.) ' Time had been given to consider the past and present state of the Mauritius, and also, considering whether there was any individual in the country in whom confidence could be placed. He had known something of the Mau ritius. He had known of Governors going out and com ing in, and he must confess that he knew of only one per son in that colony in whom any confidence could be placed. Loud cries of " Hear, hear.") Under these circum stances it was difficult to know what line ought to be pursued. with respect to the Bill. As to the clauses, there could be no objection to them, but he was now called upon to give his consent to them, upon the supposition that an Order in Council would be founded upon them. Whether that order would be i.sued or not, he would not pretend to determine ; but all he could say was, that he trusted his Noble Friend would give Hon. Members 30111 C little time to consider the subject.—( Hear.) . . Mr. MA CAULA Y said that he should not detain the House many minutes, but he felt exceedingly unwilling not to folloW his Right Hon. Friend who had just sat down, Ile (Mr. Macaulay) entertained such high respect for him, and he felt so much pain in differing from him, that after the statement he had made he should feel un willing to give a vote without stating the ground upon which he made it.--( Hear, hear.) With regard to general principles, there was little difference between his Right Hon. Friend and himself. He had stated that it was most desirable that emigration should be rr i i e t d h r: b.t that a t l it feew( wherever Ir. cultivators i‘i,scl aait, Macaulay) sr te b ec e dd: b i yei it with e: was ha prejudicial. a, supplied iniezci gehs..t encouraged, and . he knew how important it was that those parts of the empire in which there were wide tracks of fen: sHwtailiruetyhnl.talhanFabdrtoilwerlestrictions should be placed on gp w e n m ic i i g o r u a s t , i ownh. when (Hear, hear.) He always . considered . that to permit while slavery existed, emigration to such places as: H B act thought badoes and it was Guiana, .lii the highestt . !o u l would degree r e h e i N im ia ln uritia s the evil of slavery was eradicate?, to maintain the restric tions, which nothing but the existence of slavery could jus tify.—( Hear, bear, hear. ) If there was any part of the • from which it appeared desirable to encourage empire emi gration, that part was India; . if there was any part of the gra teilo7irethaitnMauritius.—(Hear.) a s . b 7 l e ( t o .i i c encourage ar.) a the rate of wages in silver was six times the rate received part hit in that part of the empire in which they were called on to was w M a s a u d r e i t s protect the natives from emigration.—(Hear.) It was a fact that at the very time the subject was under debate in that House, and Gentlemen were resisting the emigration of the Coolies, the Governor-General in his journey through India was obliged to go out of the wa y to avoid the thousands who were dying of famine.—(Cries of " Hear, hear.") He understood his Right Hon. Friend to agree to the general principle of free emigration, but only to contend that in this case there were some circum stances to overbalance the difference between famine and plenty—between Is. and 2d. a day. His Right Hon. Friend was not present when his Noble Friend the Secre tary for the Colonies developed his scheme. His Right Hon. Friend spoke in strung language, but not stronger than the circumstances warranted, of the disparity of the sexes. But his Noble Friend had stated that be had in view a measure to obviate that evil,.—( Hear.) His Right Hon. Friend spoke of the deceptions practised (in the highest degree atrocious) by the agents of the planters, when engaging the Coolies in Calcutta. But his Noble Friend had stated that no agency would be allowed in India, but that of agents authorised by the Government. His Noble Friend had stated, in respect to the enslaved condition of the Coolies, that the contracts were limited to twelve months, and that every Coolie should be at liberty to choose his master. With respect to the diffi. culty which the Coolies found in obtaining redress, through their ignorance of the language, his Right Hon. Friend might have learned from the documents, that there were in the Mauritius a considerable number of civil servants of the East India Company, who were ac quainted with the language of the natives, and who felt the deepest interest in their welfare. This circumstance of itself made the greatest difference between the case of the Mauritius and the West Indies. It was true that there had been most lamentable instances in the history of the Mauritius ; but without imputing revengeful feelings to his Noble Frier:d, the Member for Bridport, he would say that if the Mauritius carried on the Illicit slave trade after it had been abandoned by the other colonies, that should not be attributed to a disregard of the laws and wishes of the mother country so much as to the greater proximity of that colony to the slave m ar k et. H e thought also that the great evils which existed in the condition of the emi grant Coolies, did not partake of the character of the slave trade, but were evils naturally incidental to unregu lated emigration. No one bad been more excited in the contest about the abolition of slavery than himself, but instead of having any vindictive feeling against the former slave-owners, he desired the prosperity of those colonies in which slat cry lately existed more than that of any other portion of the empire. Because he was con vinced that if their prosperity declined, whilst that of the slave colonies of other eountries i ncrease d, a great i n j ury would be done to humanity, by enabling the slave-holding countries to point to the ruined state of our emancipated colonies.—( Hear, hear.) He belieied that the Bill was calculated to promote the . prosp er i ty o f t h ose colon i es, which were formerly cultivated by slaves, and were hence forth to be cultic ated by freemen, and on that account, in spite of all chances of misrepresentation, he would give the Bill his most cordial support._( Hear, hear.) Mr. IR VING had heard the speech of the Right Hon. Gentleman with great satisfaction, and he assured the great degree necessary:to There was a great defi c i enc y of well as in th e W es t I n di es . theH House labour cultivationse t hat in the t h oaftmeasure Mauritius.c o , corny, n was a s isT l a i The production of sugar had greatly fallen off, and instead of exporting that article as formerly, we had now scarcely a sufficient supply for ourselves. The expense of labour greatly exceeded the price of the article in the home market. His Right Hon. Friend (Dr. Lushington) had not examined the documents with his usual care, or he would have found that the mortality of the Coolies was no more that 2f or 3 per cent. ; that their condition was by no means so bad as he described, but that, on the contrary, their health was generally improved, and they were, for the most part, contented with their masters.— ( Hear.) In fact, the evils that existed were only such as were found in the labouring classes of every country in the world, and from which this country was not exempt.— ( Hear.) To prevent the people of India from bringing their labour from the market, in which they could get only 2d. a-day, to that in which they would receive a shilling, would be to impose on them the worst of all sla very, the slavery of the will. He agreed with the Right Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Macaulay) that the West Indies ought to be allowed to receive a supply of labour from the same source as the Mauritius. Mr. O'CONNELL said there could be no doubt that the emigration of free labourers was a desirable thing, if it were fred emigration. What he resisted was crimping, and not emigration. Not one single part of the speech of the Hon. and Learned Gentleman, the Member for the Tower Hamlets, had been answered; and not one of the defects in the means of guarding these emigrants, which he had pointed out, had been replied to. It was admitted by the Government that emigration could not continue ex cept under proper checks and guards, and they stated they would begin the experiment in India, and appoint agents there. The appointment of Government agents would give him (Mr. O'Connell) no satisfaction at all, unless he knew the details by which it was proposed t• be carried out. The principle was good, but the practical working of it would be bad. His object was to show that these clauses ought to be postponed for the pre sent ; and, in the first place, he begged to state that he objected to the House agreeing to the clauses until it knew what the agency was to be, and how the machinery was to be put in motion that was to protect the emigrants in the Mauritius.—( Hear, hear.) Who were to be the agents? The Right Hon. Secretary at War had stated that he believed there would be plenty of invalids found in the Mauritius who would be willing to take care of the Hill Coolies. He (Mr. O'Connell) thought the invalids would'have enough to do to take care of their own health ; and the statement that invalids would be found to stop out day and night to protect the Hill Coolies showed that the Government plan was not matured.—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) But did not the papers show that the mode in which these wretched Hill Coolies were made to work was under the dread of the police ; the police force was used to compel them to work, and would any body say that that was not slave-labour ?—( Hear, hear.) Then again, none of the Hill Coolies could leave without a written pass—and was not that slave-labour? But he begged to ask would a Christian Legislature tolerate the horror and abominations that must follow from the state of a population in which there were thirty, or forty, or fifty males to one female ? This was a subject of great im portance. The British empire had paid 20,000,000/. to emancipate slaves, and it was deplorable to think that a new slavery was growing up.. He bad no resentment towards the planters of the Mauritius, but it. wings. horror of their crimes. Of what use would an agency be at Calcutta ?—(Hear, hear.) In those countries, where there was little or no public opinion, how easy would it be for the wealthy planters to have such a communication with the agents as would induce them to shut their eyes ? He (Mr. O'Connell) shuddered at the attempt' to legalise a new slave trade. There ought to be alpermanent tribunal of protectorship in the Mauritius, to which persons should be appointed, whose sole duty it would be to protect the emigrants. When a scheme of that kind was laid before the House, he would not resist the experiment being made; and he begged leave in con clusion, to move, as en amendment, that the consideration of the clauses he postponed for six months. Mr. EWA RT seconded the amendment. Mr. VERNON SMITH would occupy the House but a very short time. He must, however, state that the opi nions which the Hon. and Learned Gentleman who had just sat down had expressed, and which he had always en tertained upon this subject, entitled him to a permanent pre-eminence among those who sincerely advocated the abolition of slavery instead of a silent extension.--(Loud cheers from the Ministerial benches.) He (Mr. V. Smith), however, would not have risen if many Hon. Gentlemen now present had not been absent when his Noble Friend the Secretary for the Colonies made his statement. The Hon. and Learned Gentleman had stated that he only ob jected to crimping. The plan proposed would provide still greater security against it. The Right Honourable and Learned Member for the Tower Hamlets stated that every means of preventing it had been tried already ; but that Right Hon. Gentleman could not have considered the Bill ; because he ( Mr. V. Smith) believed the means of instructing labourers of the conditions on which they were departing, and of compelling them to take females with them, had never before been proposed. The question of emigration to the West Indies, was one of the great ques tions that agitated the colonies ; in fact, it was the ques tion of the colonies. Since his Noble Friend (Lord J. Russell) had been at the Colonial Office, great attention had been paid to this subject, and the West Indian interest had not been dissatisfied with the progress, although not so quick as they wish e d, th a t h a d b een m a d e . Th en . . ,t bad been stated there was no prohibition against expor tation from other parts of India; but in answer to that he would observe that the greater the number of people intro duced into the Mauritius the less danger would there be of their being ill-treated. Then the Right Hon Gen. tleman bad stated the Mauritius ought not to have been separated from the other West Indian colonies, because there was no colony that had so abused its powers as the Mauritius. He (Mr. V. Smith) had not heard during the three quarters of a year that be had been at the Colonial. office of such gross complaints as the Right lion. Gentle man bad made against the authorities of the Mauritius; and i nquiri n i g n i n t t h o e t h s e u m g . ar T iemu h pl e te n i vna t d h tii e nuge ß r i uu g if h n t colony oi L ni u e ys a r n o e em d r if half of the charg es th e Ri g h t li on. G entleman had made was true, the Hous e ou g ht not to pause a minute without Gentleman had asked wh e th er t h ere h ad b een any de creasett eo that ni a a c l t w h h e e a t h h s e e r n t c h e e r o e f was a u n t. eyrs Upon that subject, he begged cease. r o coal a su p e p . tehaeil The h o es e t i h nz e icae p h a ot p fl e il r ua s uh , . 0 buyGr Gentleman, lg i e c am h r -a i g t nr, w o ould be seen, that, i w n i ntgh the course likely f histo observations, had objected to the Bill, on the ground that it was what he had beer pleased to call piece -meal legis lation ; but he ( Mr. Smith) would ask whether it was not better to begin by degrees, and to select oile place upon which the current of public opinion might be set. As regarde I the choice of the Mauritius, he thought nobody would deny, if one colony was to be selected from all the others, that it ought to be that one nearest to the place from which labourers were to be ex ported. In the present instance, that colony was the Mauritius. In his opinion, the plan of the Noble Lord was not subject to any of those objections which had been urged against it, and it could not by any possibility be said that he meant to return to the old system, and not to introduce a new one.—(Hear, hear.) One word as to the mode of the discussion. The House would recollect that it was in answer to a question by the Hon. Member for Pembroke, who wished the matter should not be treated by an Order in Council, but be brought before the House, that his Noble Friend bad pro posed to raise the discussion by introducing these clauses into the present Bill,--( Hear, hear.) With regard to the phrase, " vindictive justice," which had been attributed to the Hon. a n d L earne d M em ber for Liskeard, he must say that lie did n ot b e li eve th a t any such feelings entered the mind of his Ri g h t H on . F r i e nd the Member for the Tower Hamlets. He trusted that the Act for the emancipation of the slaves would be an Act of indemnity on both sides, and an utter oblivion of all that had previously taken place. Mr. O'CONNELL wished to know whether the motion of the Noble Lord should not be in the nature of an in struction to the Committee. Lord J. RUSSELL did not think it necessary. Mr. O'CONNELL said the title of the Bill was to extend to the British West Indian Colonies an Act passed in the 3d and 4th William IV., and instead of doing th at , they hopper: over to the Mauritius ; there was not one word about the West Indies in them. The SPEAKER said it appeared to him that the amendments were inconsistent with the title of the Bill. Mr. MACKINNON hoped the Noble Lord would not press his amendments, under these circumstances. Lord J. RUSSELL certainly should press them, and would rut,ve them by way of au instruction to the Com. mittee. Mr. O'CONNELL would meet the proposition with a direct negative. Mr• GLADSTONE did not think the present discussion would decide the merits of the question, as regarded the introduction of Hill Coolies into the Mauritius, because the power and control which the Goverment possessed over these territories would en able them to make arrangements for that purpose, without corning to the House. It was said that in voting for the present motion they would be giving their assent to the plan of the Noble Lord. Now, it appeared to him that the Ilouse should not be asked, with its present imperfect knowledge of the subject, to give its assent to any plan.— ( Hear, hear.) He was glad of the tone the debate had assumed, and that it had been admitted on all hands that emigration into the colonies was necessary, not alone for the interests of the planters, but the interests of humanity. He was satisfied that it would be in vain to expect any permanent prosperity in the Colonies unless steps were taken to promote the immigration of free labourers. Under these circumstances he regretted that any division should take place, because the Noble Lord merely wished, by the present discussion, to ascertain the feeling of the House upon the subject. When the plan was adopted, the expe riment must be made upon the responsibility of the Noble Lord himself. Numerous and grave were the difficulties which beset the question. Not presuming to judge whe ther the Noble Lord was right in selecting the Mauritius as the spot for the experiment, he differed from him in same of the representations which he had given of this colony. He was aware that in certain respects the Mauritius might be the best field for the experiment, but it would not be very difficult to mention others, in which it was; no less fevourable.—( Hear, hear, hear.) He wished, there fore, to guard against expressing himself either the one way or the other upon the question. But he cordially thanked the house for the strong opinions which had been expressed in fevour of providing by any unobjectionable means for additional labour in the West Indies. Satisfied with that general feeling, he would vote for the clauses, wish ing thereby only to give his assent to the general principl e , and to leave the experiment to he tried on the responsi bility of the Government. Lord J. RUSSELL said the way in which he under stood the proposition was pretty nearly that expressed by the Hon. Member for Newark. In consequence of cer. tain Orders in Council, debates had taken place in Parlia ment, especially in the other House, from which it seemed to he the general feeling that the emigration of 11111 Coolies Irem India to the Mauritius should not be al lowed, in the manner in which it was then pro ceeding. He was convinced that such emigration might be desirable, but in the face of that feeling in Par liament he did not consider it proper to proceed with the system till he had taken care to lay before Parliament his opinions on the subject. When he had so done the Right Hon. Baronet the Member for Pembroke suggested that clauses carrying out those opinions should be introduced into this Bill. Now if the House should agree to these clauses they would not pledge themselves to the Govern ment plan nor approve of any plan at all, but so far agree to general principles that he should then feel himself at liberty to advise the Crown to use the power which was now vested in it, and which he could have done before but that he did not wish to proceed in opposition to the feeling of Parliament. Should Parliament so far sanction the general principle he would then introduce a plan matured with the greatest consideration, and with every:information he could obtain from the parties most practically enabled to afford it ; and as far as possible designed to prevent the abuses which had been found to exist.—( Hear, hear.) It would then be competent for either House, of course, to express its opinion on the subject. But supposing the House agreed to these clauses, it would at least declare that Parliament did not wish wholly and unconditionally to prohibit the removal of Hill Coolies to the Mauritius. Mr. MACKINNON said that as the Noble Lord con sidered he possessed the power sought to be conferred by this Bill, it really looked as if the Noble Lord wanted to fish a sort of pledge from the House. However, as the Noble Lord stated that the House would not be pledged by the clauses to any particular scheme, he should support them. Mr. WAKLEY said he trusted the House would not proceed with the clauses till the Noble Lord produced his plan. Lord J. RUSSELL (interrupting) begged to state that if these clauses were not agreed to, he would not propose any plans to Parliament on the subject. Mr. WAKLEY said, if the clauses were agreed to, all that had been done for the two last Sessions on the subject would be upset.—(Oh, oh.) The introduc tion of the Hill Coolies was now suspended. What was the object of introducing them into the Mauritius ? Did any body imagine that the Members of that House cared anything about the welfare of the Hill Coolies ?—( Oh, oh.) He knew that he would be met with those excla mations.—( A laugh.) But what tEd the House care about the condition of labourers in this country.—(Re newed cries of " Oh, oh.") I'ropositions for the benefit of that class were hardly ever successful. flow, for in stance was the Corn-law question treated ?—( Oh, oh.) He knew all this was unpleasant to some Members. But his conviction was, that this importation of Hill Coolies was desired solely for the benefit of the pro prietors—that there was no wish to benefit the Indian la bourers. And he considered this proposal virtually cal culated to revive the odious slave traffic evils.--(0h, oh.) Ile was sure the public would so regard No.) He, at all events, advised the House not to proceed with these clauses till the plan of the Noble Lord was before them, that they might see what were the guards and checks pro posed, and judge how far they would be effectual to pre vent the cruelties and impositons that might otherwise be practised ou the Indians. Surely there was no great haste for the Bill ; and the delay of a single week would be sufficient to arrange the whole plan. Sir C. G Y was met by cries of " Oh, oh." He said the knowledge he had of the Indian population mainly to be affected by this Bill, induced him to say a few words. It appeared to ii im that all the Noble Lord meant was to ....e.art.tits the sense of the House as to whether, if he could devise a plan which would necessarily ensure the com fort of the Hill Coolies, in the event of their emigrating, he would not be justified in relaxing the present restric tions. Ile did not, however, share in the fear expressed by others of an inadequate supply of sugar, so as to render thi s immigration neceesary ; and althou g h India was densely po pulated, yet it had undeveloped resources to an immense extent. It was, however, certain that there were many persons out of employment in that country, and many were Hill Coolies; and in settling Saugur Island at the mouth of the Ganges, it was found that these Hill Coolies formed the best settlers and most industrious labourers in ' the world. It was therefore desirable that they should be enabled to emigrate to those countries where they could obtain adequate wages for their labour. They were all anxious for employment, and there would be no necessity for using any coercion towards them to induce them to come down to the coast. When they came down to Cal. cutta they might, perhaps, be in danger of being cribbed, but nothing was easier than for the Government to prevent this by the exercise of the power they possessed. No ship could possibly leave the port without being subjected to a rigid examination. He did not believe it would be neces sary to extend the indulgeucc to any other part than Cal cutta, and he was satisfied that any danger there might be obviated. He thought the Noble Lord had done wisely in drawing the distinction he had done between the Mauritius and the West Indies. They would not be liable to any sudden change of climate, nor would they have to under take a long voyage in going to the Mauritius.--( Hear.) Ile thought the Learned Judge the Member for the Tower Hamlets,:had not done justice to the planters of the Mauri tlus. If that colony were the only one of the sugar colo nies in a prosperous state, and if that were the colony where the greatest number of Hill Coolies were residing, surely that was an argument for regulating, not for pro• hibiting, the emigration to that island. Mr. O'CONNELL wished to ask the Noble Lord if he would have any objection to lay before the House the ordinances by which he meant to regulate the trade in sufficient time, previous to their being carried into effect, to' enable Hon. Members to judge of the nature of those ordinances. Lord J. RUSSELL could make no engagement on the subject. The House then divided, when the numbers were— For the motion Against the motion Majority The Bill then went through Committee, and the seve ral clauses were agreed to without any discussion. REGISTRATION OF VOTERS BILL. Lord J. RUSSELL moved the Order of the Day for the second reading of this Bill. Sir T. FREMANTLE hoped the Noble Lord would not then proceed with the Bill. Lord JOHN RUSSELL said that the Bill was merely taken in its turn among the Orders of the Day. Sir CHARLES DOUGLAS and Mr. DARBY op_ posed the Bill being brought on, as it would be taking the House by surprise, it having been generally understood that it would not be brought on that evening. If the Noble Lord persisted in bringing it on, they should op. pose every form of the House to obstruct its progress. After a few words from Sir THOMAS FRE• MANTLE, Lord JOHN RUSSELL said, as it appeared to be the wish of the House, he would postpone the second reading until Thursday next. METROPOLITAN POLICE. COURTS BILL. On the Order of the Day for the second reading of this Bill being read, Mr. H AWES said it appeared to him, if any amendment of the Act of last year took place, it would be a breach of faith, unless notice of it were given to the public. The object of that Bill was not merely to increase the coercive , powers of the Magistrates, but to give them a civil jurisdic tion for the redress of wrongs, for which there was none at present without great expense of time and money. The Committee stated they only recommended the augmentation of these powers on . condition they should be exercised by professional persons. But the House was now going. to disre gard the intention and recommendation of the Committee. He did not believe the House would have consented to the Bill but for its being founded on the recommenda tion of the Committee, and if it was to be amended, why should it be amended imperfectly ? One great objection he had to the Bill was, the Magistrates created by it would not be required to make formal reports as other Magistrates were, The Police Courts had been made ex ceedingly useful to the upper classes, but it would be nei ther useful nor popular with others so long as its powers were so limited, and their exercise so expensive. The Go vernment were pledged to givo Civil Courts accessible to the working classes, and he wished to know what was their intention in that respect? Mr. F. M A UL E was not surprised that his Honourable Friend should be anxious to see a measure founded on the r ecommendation of the Committee of which be had been chairman. But his Honourable Friend was mistaken in supposing that the Goverment bad raised the salaries of the Magistrates to 1,2001. a-year, as the Bill of last year enabled them. The salaries were only 1,000/. The ob ject of the Bill was to prepare for making the Police Courts general throughout the country. One of the first steps of his Noble Friend would be to carry out the provisions of the Bill of last year, and he hoped his Hon. Friend would not persevere in the course which be had intimated. The Bill was read a second time, and ordered to be com• milled on Thursday. MENDICANCY (IRELAND) BILL. Lord AIOR 1) ET H said that in consequence of commu nications he had received, it was not his intention to press the Bill in the present Session. It had been suggeste that a Bill for the suppression of mendicancy could not ell be enfm c 'd until the Poor-laws were in full operation, and that at least the measure ought not to be passed until the . necessity for it had arisen. _He should therefore ;slow the Bill to drop, and accordingly moved that the Order be read for the purpose of being expunged. The Order was accordingly expunged. The House then went into Committee upon the Settled Estates Drainage Bill. Lord MORPETII asked whether the Hon. Member for Berkshire intended that the Bill should extend to Ireland and Scotland ? Mr. PUSSY replied in the negative. The Bill then passed through Committee, and was or dered to be reported on Thursday next. The Inclosure Acts Amendment Bill went through Committee pro ji)rma, and the report was received. Mr. BROTIIERTON, upon being called upon to make the motion that stood in his name upon the paper, ~ a id—Sir, I move that the House do now adjourn.-- (Great laughter, and cries of " No, no.") Mr. FOX MAUL E obtained leave to bring in a Bill to facilitate the union of counties for the purposes of prisons and to amend an Act of last Session of Parliament, in tituled, " An Art to Improve Prisons and Prison Disci pline in Scotland." After a few words from Mr. Green, Sir William Rae, and the Lord Advocate, Mr. BAINES moved for a return of the number of persons appointed as protectors of the aborigines in the colonies and settlements of Great Britain ; return of the amount of salary paid to each functionary so employed ; also, copies or extracts from any despatches relating t o t h e kidnapping and sale of Indians by the persons called post holders in British Guiana in 1837, 1838, and 1839 ; also, for copies, abstracts, or extracts of judicial proceedings in all cases relating to such proceedings, with the result of such proceedings.--Ordered. Mr: MUTT nominated the follost ing Select Committee on grinding corn in bond :—Mr. Hutt, Sir Robert Peel, Lord Darlington, Lord Viscount Sandon, Sir .Lime s Graham, Mr. Miles, Sir Charles Douglas, Mr. Emerson Tennent, Mr. Villiers, Mr. Hawes, Colonel Wood, Sir Joim SPale, Mr. Wodehouse, Mr. Joseph Green, and - Lord Worsley. On Mr. k Ol MALTLE bringing in his Prison Di ci_ pline Bill, An HON. MEMBER moved the House - be counted, and there not being 40 Members present, the House adjourned at a Quarter to One o'Clock. GYPSIES. TO THE EDITOR OP THE SUN. Mr. Enrron,—Having, in your columns of to-day (June 3), seen a statement as to the origin of that " in teresting" tribe, ycicped gypsies, in which you assert on the authority of Lord Tcignmouth that they are of Eastern origin, to strengthen his assertion I beg to give you the following little anecdote :—Chance directed my steps, about this time last year, to the goodly "ciudad" of Seville, in the south of Spain. An inmate of the same " fonda" as myself, was a character whom none could decipher ; even his country was an enigma, which, from his conversation, it was impossible to solve, for with equal fluency could he talk English and French, Spanish and Italian. He had an Albanian servant, with whom he often held darksome discourse. In that he was a Babel in himself—a very amalgamation of every tongue. I was, as I before said, at the same " hostelrie" with this mysterious unknown, in the course of things became acquainted with hint, and we formed a party to visit the interesting Roman ruins of Italica, at a short &stance from the " rneraviglia" of cities, the fair Seville. Italica, amongst many interesting remains, can boast of the ruins of a fine amphitheatre, in the ruined cells of which a tribe of gypsies had comfortably established themselves. Ac customed to their appearance in Andalusia, I was not astonished at their coming to beg " la limosna" (alms), but I certainly was rather taken aback when my com panion, addressing them in the llindee dialect, recalled to my mind associations long since forgotten, nor were his words lost on his audience. The old sybil of the tribe, on hearing the magic sounds, cast herself at his feet, with the greatest enthusiasm. I was dumb with surprise, but could elicit nothing more from my myste- rious companion than that he was talking a dialect he had picked up in Moultan—that he owed his life more than once to these itinerant tribes, and here he ceased—So does your most obedient, June 3. E. N. EVENIN9r EDITION• SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURZiAL - -val. --- FROM TFIE MORNING PAP E ts OF THIS DAT. . (From the Monthly . , (Aronicle.) .. After the 'torrents of abuse heat upon Alini “ er 3 " , . , their alleged design of sapping and unseal 'tun national Church, by a latitudinarian' scheme of education, concocted in con cert with. r. Pi"' Dissenters, and Infidels, it is certainly i tot a little extra ordinary to find the leading organ of the party wi , .cse el t h 1. foundations o f th nurciations arc still ringing from coup try Pa / Exeter-hall platforms, coming forward with ..the iran avowal that " never was a more foolish and: pete lant thin, pits an done than the refusal of the ministerial tional purpose , , by the members of the Chur ch o f England that inspector; on account of the condition attached to L'', eat of the should be appointed to attest the propel emp:oYrn grant." The fact seems to be that it is no lot ger pes - to use the education question as a party ." . "P °ll ,l o wn . an The time is past when Tory candidates could go £ gi•ant 'for eduea alarm country constituencies with such monstrous fict,l"3 as that Government intended to banish the Bill to ' real scho )Is. For a time the very audacity of these in t, rep , f e c: sentations procured them some degree of credence. .up, . 0. or . u spectable people living apart from the political wilen they saw men of standing in society, and ( 11 ' 3 1. 1 , 11 e guished professional reputation, gravely declaring', l i ts, \hr. Thesvier for instance, to tho electors of Neol":" that the object of the Ministerial elcheme was to -cler iv . e t , arents of the power of educating ti,eir children in t heir own religious belief, naturally felt sorie reluctance to b , e a -, !ie.\ c that assertions so confidently 11 advao,ced and support •)y such high authority, were the most cratuitous, 0,11" strous falsehoods (to use no harsh e r term), to Whi ch t" excitement of party spirit ever gave birth. (From the Times ) w hich A practice appears to be groping up ftP ni a rise* ti e greatest dangers to th e nat i ona l in terests 01. 8 ) .1ab io. and from which the worst (be cause th e most irremet w a consequences may very fairly be expected. Wh' eP state the existence of a dang erous an d mischievous Pr tice, and add that it is one which p re vails in a• o ,, s t üblic department o f the M e lb ourne Ministry , 111- 0 . people no doubt are ready to exclaim, " And what of.the Why trouble yourself with units, when myriads are be t v iis ' before you? We know, as well as yo u do, • tie , gross malpractice pervades every branch stnd, se eh of the Government ; what is this, then, ei a les you complain?" The subject of our complaint origii: with the Foreign-o ffi ce, and the principal culprit is 7 10 , Palmerston. We re co lle c t no i nstance of oifi ris t the being sought for in e ith er H ouse o f P ar li am ent a9l the state of our affairs with forei gn P owers , wheret o most systematic and di scourag i ng o b stac l es have 11°1 b e e, thrown in the way of all such inquiry ever ip:rhtey.in cession of the present Ministers. Whether t he terrogated be Lord Palmerston or Lord Melbourne hin3- d, or self, whether the scene of the application be 11°r- ,i f o r Commons, it is all alike—th e most anx i o us &ma n " o ° lcl ulti intelligence the most usef u l i s me t invariablyby the., be 4, st official rigmarole—viz., that such disclosures vvo detrimental to the p u bli c serv i ce ," an d t h e refore "l ilu not be made." (From the Morning Post.) Unless we greatly mi s t a k e th e c h aracter of the 7 -1 or people, it will not s u ff er th e ex i stence o f institutio ns ' ero submit to strokes of poli c y w hi c h treat re li g i o n 15 . 6 ff t er popular foible, whi c h it i s expe di ent to indulge' - whatever fashion the var i ous sect i ons o f th e people 10iIi; prefer. Of this we b e li eve th e cunn i ng Papists are the firmly convinced as we are, and if they enc ourage it h liberal and atheistic a l p o li cy o f treat i ng a ll religion s i‘ that a contemptuous impartiality, it is because they ker. ( ' to this will lead to r evo l u ti on , an d revo l ut i on mag .ar le i rs of their supremacy. It i s even more true i n the o'• a d , to religion than in those of c i v il p o li t y, t h a t a narchy I" r i ec t despotism, and p oor h uman nature , tosse d and yea upon a sea of doubts, and disputations, and contra die ! le ca , will take refuge in th e mos t sternly-exclusive s ystem t find, as a haven o f p eace . S uc h i s t h e R o manist aY ste encouragta and if the Rom an i s t s o f thi s em pi re now liberalism in respe c t o f re li g i on , it is because theY be Pheave gather in the spoil o f th e wrec k w h en lib era lism sha ll ; - done its work. (From the Morning Herald.) by In the House of L or d s , last night, the pres entatio n yo Earl Fitzwilliam, o f cer t a i n anti—Corn-law pe titions , 0. 0 rise to an incident a l di scuss i on on t h e natur e of the tae now employed by the enemies of English Earl Fitzwilliam having twaddled for some time, if i „§ customary fashion, as to the importance of the pet r .,'" ; ; li , entrusted to his care, was requested by the Duke of D'''' re mond to favour the house with a statement of thellet u r, of his Lordship's impending motion on the Corn.latei; ° no as his Grace jocularly observed, with a statement of the ter of the motion which the House was to be called on to “ 11 ` gative." No sooner had the Duke made use of the depit; ciatory phrase, than up bounced Earl Fitzwilliam, !ft' va a tone, and with an aspect from which Liston toigh'„ a ,.„ derived useful hints for the impersonation of 11.1 6, Ww" . . by ant ici patio b, expatiated on the heinousness of disposing of motions so important as those which he is rent to V ~ mit to the House. " Does the Noble Duke considet, agricultubl, exclaimed, in true conventicle fashion, the bead of th! house of Wentworth, that the q uestion of the Corn-lava: is a question affecting th e f oo d o f thepeople ? Does 0 as Noble Duke consid e r th a t it i s a question of exports, well as of imp or t s ?" &c. To these miserable platitudes, the Duke of Richmond's reply was brief. THE MARKETS. COUNTRY MARKETS Wheat. Barley. Oats. ' Bea..s. I"S' _ • ___.---,- l'er Quarter„ is. to s. s. s. s. to s. s: to 14. Bath ....... ~... 68 80 26 46 j '26 35 44 56 - ... Bland ford ....-... 70 76 30 40 28 29, 48 50 -, Britiport «.,..,,.' - 68 .-- . -.-. - 7 . 4 Chard —.—..• 50 78 32 42 24 82 3 4 45 1 0 7,0 Gloucester...... '64 72 42 40 3 1 38 - 48 50 3 7 Excer - - G :- uildford ....... - - 40 46 - 1C 34 40 44 --...- Newbury —. 11 82 20 42 24 34 38 4fil 3 - 8 . 46 Reading ..........j 50 83 22 0 :6 35 45. s „ ° Salisbury •........! 54 74, SI. 44 22 30 40 14 Slitrborne 63 72 30 44 .'22 28 42 5.2 Shepton Mallet' 52 ;6 30 46 26 32 48 r Uxbridge .. -• ' -37 42 2.3 32 52 - --* 52 _. ... Warminster -.. 52 77 24 •. 46 27 33 4 8 ..... _. - Winchester 164 76 - - .- 58 ..... t'eovil 161 70 32 42 24 32 34 Wheat, Norfolk . 53 5 .. to 7 " York. and Lincoln. 60Ih. Barley, Norfolk and Suffolk LaEhEaDs,SiffCbIOk,R6NOIbIVIARKET.-June 2.638 to 770 ..... 3 Yorkshire and Lincolnshire 2S i ss to 0 3 Grinding 45:. to 5 25. ; Beans 63lb. 29. toe` 3 . 4 :i on e y. Oats, Potatoe —Mealing, For. -d. to-d Log. 16d. co 17 d.load Shelling 365 to 325. Peri .. t : 3 51 1. . i 4 GUILDFORD MARKET. Os. " lc 'l(e,atr 4 0, . `" , Old (Per Load) 19/. to 20/. Vs.—New, 161 . t o 211. ,„ 441 Barley Qr.) Oats 28 34 1 Rye 4O Grey Pease, 425. to 448. • , DEVIZES CORN MARKET. A 8 • ' I A Per Sack. S. d. s . d. P er Q ua rter. s• "' 34 First Wheat 'l5 0t 0 37 0 O a t s oto 0 4 15 Second :Mini 0 0 2 34 ; 0 0 t. B , l e , an t r s ( ( p p e e r r l s , : g c k ). ) .::: 22 o n 55 0 x .....- Barley 27 0 35 0 Br ea d (p e r ga 11.)... 1 ' . „ THE TOWER OF LONDON. By W. Li'', Ainsworth, Esq. Illustrated by George Cruikehank. Part tb. —This is the best number that Mr. Ainsworth hay duced, and we may hail it as a happy omen of the comple te cess of the work that its merit should increase as the et° l a nd vances. The author is now fully warmed by his stlikle ct ' w hile every chapter teems with Incidents of the deepest interest', or new actors appear upon the scen e t o cl a i m their share4 a rd attention. Amongst these, the most prominent is r"" 41 111 Courtenay, Earl of Devonshire, who figured so consPic u° 9 lele the early part of th e re i gn o f Q ueen M ary . The Queen:de , for this accomplished nobleman (an historical fact) is 111 , n ot, principal feature i n th e o p en i ng c h apter o f th e preseuL in and Mr. Ainsworth has show n great skill in the Ina lln inds which he has repr esen t e d the effects of the passion upon I tr° sele constituted like those of Ma r y and her ambitious ye t the lover. Courtcnay's character is well drawn ; it is full o f romance that makes the charm of fiction, and is yet vv uP feet accordance with hist or i c t ru th . Th e scene in the a nd cil Chamber is admirably d escr ib e d, nor w ith less vig°oP animation is that of the duel between Courtenay an d ; :trtf- Renard. In the latter our littl e f r i en d Xit mainlY " — The mental in preventing a fatal issue to the encounter.-„05. whimsical assumption o f di gn i ty i n t h e d war f is . most 1 "" g" to ing, and this alte rna ti on o f i nc id ent " f rom gr ave fr o is one of the num erous a tt rac ti ons o f t h e wor k.. We Passceue the palace garden to the Beauchamp Tower,—from a t t he of violence to o ne o f a t o t a ll y oppos i te nature, i n whic h jet,' admirable constancy, the fervid eloquence, and trusting Po, of the unfortunate Lady Jane Grey, are vividly set bef °re the In the conference between her and Bishop Gardinfrins beauty of her character is fi ne l y d eve l ope d , an d Mr. .": o st worth has fully succeeded in p a i n ti ng a p i cture of the e oc , perfect truth and inte res t. The last chapter reverts to t h 4ol/ titious personages of the romanc e , an d C u thb er t Chollu ° ' t tir appears again. The scene in th e St one Kit c h en , a nd i l n re s st sequent adventures in the D eve li n T ower are t o ld wit h not animation, and the local descriptions are marked frpo° oti et perfect accuracy. We close the chapter with a fearful ac t_ - t he of the discovery of the dead body of Aleiia in a Develin Tower. The mention of this remarkable cell le are, to speak, in their turn, of Cruikshank's illustrations, cso indeed, excellent. How so many wood-cuts and etchObitiell be completed in the short period allotted for their elte c v . is passes our comprehension. One of the stipulated ntulaing wanting this month, a fact which has only the effe.ct ofe7ibeir our surprise at the many already given. Independent e „. l oils high merit as works of art, the profusion of these 1 110 ` — vio il Ti c is of itself sufficient !o make the " Tower of London" sledge unique in price—a truth which the public will aekna w , p ee when the whole work is laid before them. Meantiiiie, b m— al ied and pencil arc arduously engaged in retidering the win..., every way worthy of the names associated in its produ cti° Morning Herald. vault o ds 0 —.NO! PRIZE CUPS.—New and Second-hand SILZ PRIZE CUPS are offered a t ver y REDUCED PR1C' , r",,,,,,' - ' l Ol selection may be made fr om a great variety, both of Su -- Patterns, at . . CORS, . • front Goldsmith and Wat T chma X SAV ker, 47, C O or Y' nhill (Seen Do.'" Gracechurch-treet), London. ost Drawings of Cups will be forwarded in answer to I L P paid application. It is deSirable Letters for D raw i n g s s h ou ld zn that a either t the size or about the price of th e Cup or C u ps ilt required. BIRTHS. On the 3d inst., in Southampton-place, Mrs. Charles Barkers of a son. On the 3d inst., at the East India College, Haileybury, Her"' the lady of the Rev. J. W. L. Heaviside, of a son. ins On the 4th inst., Mrs. Chater, of Finsbury-circus , °' a - f • At Melville House, the Countess of Levtm and Melville, $ daughter. NARRIED. On the,2d inst., at Holy Trinity church, Brampton, Lieot: T. L. Ilarington, sth Regiment B enga l Li g ht Cavalry. sec ond sen of the late 11. H. Harington, Es q , formerly of Mad ras, to Emil) , Oetavia„ fourth _daughter of Daniel Ball,'ENl7 ,o B r ampton-square. At St. George's, Bloomsbury, Catain W. Elliott, Weather 9.d Life Guards, to Diana, widow of T. K. Walker, Esq., (4 Hampstead. DIED. On Tuesday, the 2d hist , at his house in Guildfo rd street, Francis Bac on , Esq., deeplY regretted by the numerous frie nds who had the means of knowing his manly andain. • - London: Printed and Published by 111111tDO YOUNG, °f No. 112, Strand, at The Sun Office, No. 112; Strard, is the county, of Middlesex.—Friday, June 5, 1840. ..... MEDICAL REFORM. TO THE EDITOR OF THE MORNING ADVERTISER. Sir,—l hope you will be able to find room in an early number of your valuable paper for a copy of the en closed statement. It will help to convince your readers of the justice of your observations for some time past on the present anomalous state of the medical profes sion. Ninety-nine medical men out of one hundred in the North of Ireland have served two or three years as apprentices to general practiti oners , a tt en d e d c l asses and hospitals in Dublin, Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Lon don, during three or four years, and passed their exami nations at the Universities and Colleges of Surgeons of the above places. Is it, then, just or proper that they should be liable to annoyance from a trading Company who obtained a monopoly from Parliament for selling drugs and making up prescriptions ? I am, Sir, your's most obediently, WM. SIMPSON. No. 110, Guildford- s t ree t, May 30.. :Doctors Hurst and Marshall, being a deputation from upwards of five hundred medical practitioners, physicians, and surgeons, in the province of Ulster, in Ireland, beg to lay before the public the following statement We, and our brethren, having served a short ap prenticeship to the compounding of medicines, after wards complied with the extensive requirements of the Universities and Colleges of Surgeons, in London*, Dublin, Edinburgh, and Glasgow, and received our degrees in' medicine and diplomas in surgery therefrom. Wish these qualifications we 'have been practising, in every branch of the profession (many of us for twenty years and upwards), undisturbed, and enjoying the-pub lic approbation, as the petitions to be shortly presented to Parliament will show. In 1791 a Company of mere Apothecaries, in Dublin, obtained an Act of Parlia ment to restrain and punish ignorant and.unskilful persons, who might practise as apothecaries, without a license from the said Company.' This Act was not generally enforced until the year 1827 ; consequently, we were either not aware of its existence or believed it to be a dead letter, which, in any event, could never apply to regularly educated physicians and surgeons, such as we are. However, from 1827 till 1829, the Apothecaries Hall, as appears by a Parlia mentary return, realized 5,000/. by fines exacted from the physicians and surgeons, who practised as general medical practitioners in Ireland, and even gave their license to great numbers of notoriously ignorant persons on their paying the penalties. In this course they were arrested by a remon strance from Lord Stanley, when Chief Secretary for Ireland. They have now taken legal proceedings against us and our brethren, with the view of recovering from each the sum of 401. as penalties ; and, if they succeed, will realise a sum of 20,000/. As the Hall refuses us any examination, to prove our competency in phar macy, there is no remedy, except by Government in terference, or a short Act of Parliament, to stay pro ceedings, and to be protective of what we consider our legal rights and privileges. A precedent for such in terference may he found in an Act passed in the pre sent Session of Parliament, protective of, and to stay legal proceedings against persons entering in their own names more than one horse on a race course, contrary to a former Act of the Legislature on this subject. Surely, then, such interference and protection will not be denied to us." CHANCERY REFonm q --IVIr. Com m i ss i oner Fane, with whose valuable suggestions for the further reform of his own Court, the trading community are familiar, in a letter on Chancery Reform, states " that the first great object should 'be to get rid of writing, when writing could by pos sibility be dispensed with ; and with this view the Legislature should provide that in all cases where an account was required of a trust fund, not exceeding 1,0001., the business should begin and end in th e Master's office, subject of course t o ap peal ; for this purpose the Master should be a Judge, and should be armed with all necessary powers. To some this will no doubt appear a startling proposal, yet in proposing it I propose nothing which is not of every' day occurrence in bank ruptcy. There, if the trust fund, in other words, the bank rupt's estate, amount, not to 10,0001., but even to 1,0001.- or 100.0001., and even if it consists of the most complicated in terests in real estate, the whole administration is entrusted—if in London, to certain salaried officers called Commissioners, if in the country, to three or four attorneys of some neighboUring town ; and the whole business is conducted from beginning to en , ' without the interference of any other jurisdiction. Why should not the same course be pursued in Chancery ?" TENNENT AND THE DEAD VOTERS.—One of the pretexts for the Disfranchisement fill of Lord Stanley is, that a vast number of " dead men" have been polled at the elec tions in Ireland ! That there might have been isolated cases of this description, just as there are occasional frauds in every transaction of human society, we are not prepared to dispute; but the allegation of the Stanleyites, as to the wholesale resur rection of voters, is as false as it is evidently absurd. As, boss - - ever, " dead mess tell no tales," Lord Stanley adopted this system of accusation, as the safest mode of murdering the franchise in Ireland. Emerson Tennent, the cad of Lord Stanley, is said to have been the concoctor of his Bill, and it does, certainly, appear that that political cameleon has had some practical acquaintance with the polling of dead men. The Northern Whig gives the following as the result of its inquiries upon the subject :—We have been able to hear of only one well authenticated case of the kind, in Belfast ; and, in that single case, the truly-independent and not-to-be-bribed visitant from the shades recorded his vote in favour of Mr. Emerson Tennent. This sufficiently explains the attacks upon the dead voters. Master Emerson, the ci decant Repealer and Revolutionist, has made war against his old friends as well as his old principles.—Dublin Evening Post. STEAM ENGINES V. HORSES.—It would re quire twelve stage coaches, carrying fifteen passengers each, and one thousand two hundred horses, to take one hundred and eighty passengers two hundred and forty miles in twenty-four hours, at the rate of ten miles an hour ! One locomotive steam engine will take that number, and go two trips in the ,same h time, conseque n tly w ill d o th e wor k o f two t h ousan d f o ur us dred horses! Again, it would require thirty ma il coaches (six take one hun dred passengers each) an d th ree th ousan d h orses , tota passe ngers an d ma il two h un d re d an d forty milesin our. One number, twenty-four ho urs , a t th e ra t e o f t en anmilesand go two h locomotive st eam - eng i ne w ill t a k e that o the work of six trips in th e same ti me , consequen tly will do thousand horses: