The Sun. — London, England, 1857-07-24 00:00:00

lIER MAJE'S THE ATRE. AT FAREWELLSTY PERFORMANCES ZEDLICED PRICES. ; THIS , EVENING, FRIDAY, July 24, • LA CENERENTOLA. Angelina, Alboni; Don Eim er°, Belart ; Don Magnifico, d; and Dandini, Belletti. Detween the Acts a Divertissement --Grand Pas de Deux. Boschetti and M. Baratti. ?he ,Last Scene of I IiARTIRI. Paolina, Piecolomini ; Polinto, Ginglini. To cowhide with the new Ballet Divertiss ment, by Paul Togßoni, entitled ALPHE sidle. Marie Taglioni, M. Cecchetti, and M. Charles. PRICES : pit Tier, Grand Tier, and Oae Pair.. £2 12 6 T w o Pair 1 11 6 Half Circle 1 1 0 Pit Stalls 0 12 6 0 12 6 Gallery Boxes Gallery Stalli 0 3 6 Gallery Side Stalls 0 3 0 Pit 0 3 6 Gallery No free list,—Applications to be made at the Box-office of the Theatre. Doors open at 7, jpera to commence at half past 7. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE] Farewell Performances at Reduced Prices. TO-MORROW, SATURDAY, July 25— IL DON GIO VANNI. MONDAY, July 27—LA CENERENTOLA. Last Act of IA FAVORILA. TUESDAY, July 28—DON GIOVANNI. WEDNESDAY, July 29—LA SONNAMBULA. Last Scene of LUCIA. DI LAMMERIIOOR THURSDAY, July 30—Mozart's NOZZE DI FIGARO. FRIDAY, July 31--IL TROVATORE. The entertAinments in the Ballet will combine the talents of Madame Rosati, Madlles. Katrine, Boschetti, and Marie Te►glioni. Prices as above. T HE A TRE-R 0Y A C., DRURY-LANE Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. OPEN EVERY EVENIN,I. GREAT EQUESTRIAN AMEBIC kN and CONTINENTAL COMPANY. trice's—Pit and Promenade, ls; Boxes, 2s. 6(1.. 25.. and ls. 6d.; Galleries, 6d. Doors open at hall-past 7. Commence at S. JACK THE GIANT KILLER, with novel effects. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, THIS EVENING will be performed • Shakespere's Play of • THE TEMPEST. Preceded by LIVING TOO FAST. THEATRE ROYAL, HA YMA.R.ILET 1 Lessee—Mr. J. B. Buckstone. • THIS EVENING, to commence at Seve❑ o'clock, with the new and greatly su••cessful original Comedy, entitled VICTIMS, in which Mr. Buckstone, Mr. Howe, Mr. Wil iam Farren, Miss Reynolds, (tc., will appear. After which, by genera desire, she late Douglas Jerrold's comedy of THE HOUSEKEEPER. To conclude with a new Ballet, THE GLEANERS. Orchestra Stalls (which may be retained the whole of the evening), 6s. each. (No charge for booking.) First Wee. s. d. Second price. s. d Dress Boxes Upper Boxes ....... 3 0 Upper Boxes 2 0 Pit Lower Gallery 1 0 Lower Gallery 0 6 Upper Gallery 0 fNo half-price to Upper Gallery. lIEA.TItE ROYAL, ADELPHI. Lessee—Mr. Ben. Webster. For the Benefit of Mr, and Mrs. Barney Williams. THIS EVENING, will be performed the new drama of THE FAIRY CIR 'LE; or, Con O'Carolan's Dream. Mr. a• , d Mrs. B. Williams. After which; OUR GAL. Mrs. B. Williams. Followed by THE HAPPY MAN. Followed by a new farce, LATEST FROM NEW YORK. Mr. and Mrs.. Barney Williams, ROYA.L OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. Alfred Wigan. MR. ALFRED WIGAN'S FAREWELL BENEFIT. THIS EVENING, Friday, July 24, will bo performed A CONJUGAL LESiON. After which, A SHEEP IN WOLF'S CLOTHING. Mr. Wigan will deliver a Farewell Address. To conclude with the o iginal Extravaganza, by Robert B. Brough, Esq., called MASNNIELLO. Messrs. Rob son, Cooke, Danvers, &c. ; Misses Swanborough, Thirlwall, Hughes, Bromley, and Mrs. Melfont. Commence at half-past Seven. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Lessees, Messrs. Shepherd and Creswick. Ninth appearance of the great English Tenor, Mr. Henry quires. THIS EVENING. (Friday), will be performed IL TROVATORE Mr. H. Squires, Lucy Escott, and Miss Lams. To coric'ude with THE DAUGHTER OF THE REGI VENT. Mr. Manvers and Miss Dyer. • Asmwrs ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lome° and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke. Under the patronage of Her Majesty and His Royal Highness Prince :ilbert. The ever popular Spectacle of IiAZEPPA continues its triumphant career. The renowned Parisian Equestrienne, Madlle. Mililos, n ig fitly hailed with enthusiastic approbat'on. THIS EVENING (FRIDAY), the entertainments will commence with the superb spectacle of MAZEPPA AND THE WILD HORSE, Mazeppa, Mr. James Holloway. The entertainments concluding with a recherche pro gramme of Mr. W. Cooke's SCENES in the ARENA, intro ducing the talented Equestrian and Gymnastic Artistes, and Madlle. Mililos, the grea Parisian Equestrienne, in her daring SCENE D'EQUITATION. Commet.ce at seven o'clock. Dress Boxes, 4s. ; Upper Boxes, 3s. • Private Boxes, from 21s. no charge for booking; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. ; Upper Gallery, 6d. Half-price at half-past Eight. B ,s-oftico open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. Equestrian Director, Mr. W. Cooke, jun. G REAT NATIONAL STANDARD THEATRE. Proprietor Mr Jnhn Douglas. LAST NIGHT OF THE WIZARD. THIS EVENING, Professor ANDERSON, the Great Wizard of the North, in his entirely New Magical Drama, A WIGHT IN WONDER-WORLD ; or, Magic, Mirth, and Mystery. Extraordinary novelties every night, and three new tricks each night for the concluding week of wonder:. Attraction increasing every night. Great success of Mr. G. rowle, who is the ring of Comic Vocalists. CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road. — OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The follow ing company of Vocalists are engaged for the performance o s:elections from all the popular Operas, Madrigals, Choruses Glees, Duets, Arc., viz.: Miss E. Pearce, Mrs. Palmyre, Miss cott, visa Brunell, Miss Summers, and Madame Marietta. Mr St. A'byn, Herr F. longhmans, R. Grover, T. Far rant, S. loaer., J. Barker, W. Melling, P. Cord, Senor An tonio M. , 1e Solla, and E. L. Hime ; Master Corri ; Messrs. Sam Collins, and E. Mackney. Pianoforte, Mr Cecil Hicks; harmonium, Master Williams ; Director, Herr F Jonghtuans. Commence at Seven o'clock precisely, Sn?. per., kc., nail twelve o'clock WWI WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. T.IIIS DAT—Morn., 53 min. aft. 3—Even. 13 min aft. 4 To WOBEOW--Morn. 34 min. aft. 4 —Even., 50 min. aft. 4 THE WEATHER—SuN OPPICIII, JULY 24. TEIZIMOISETEIi, IN 80 -highest sinee noon yesterday. 61 -'owest this morning and during the night. 78 this day at noon. BAROIMICB. 29.97. Warr, SW., fresh with fine summer weather. ,11.5;e4r A AA - 4 LONDON, FRIDAY, JULY 24, 1857. The intelligence from India may now be antici pated at any hour. It is, indeed, anxiousl) looked for by those who have relatives or friend• at the scene of action, and also by the community at large, who fear that their worst apprehension:- as to the extent and magnitude of the danger be verified, and that a severe contest must ensue, whereby, although India may be re-conquered, i will be at the cost of many valuable lives, and at enormous pecuniary outlay. There is, however DO alternative. We must accept the gage flung and car r y th e struggle to d o wn by the mutineers, a successful termination, at any expense. Th, more decided and energetic our p rocee di ngs, in the first instance, the sooner may we hope for th, restoration of peace and tranquility, and the suppression of the spirit of revolt and disiffec tion so recently, anti perhaps still, prevailin g amongst the Sepoy troops. In such a case tru 900 nolny is to be found in an unsparing outlay the early stage. Every pound properly applied within the first week - will save ten or twen times the amount at a subsequent stage of the proceedings, and we can easily realise the accu racy of the well known Hiberniciam, that " the best way to avoid danger is to meet it plump." In fact, the most daring will also be found t(, be the most prudent comae. Certain papers have jet been 141 lefore both Houses of Parliament relative to the mutinies. i They certainly do not give any very exalted notion of the activity or zeal of the Hon. Court, at Leadenhall-street. We can only wonder at the apathy and indifference manifested by the magnates of Leadenhall-street, who appear to have been busily engaged, doing nothing, with Mr. B. VERNON SMITH and his coadjutors of the Indian Board elaborately helping them. All that they think proper to do is to pro mise that they will give the subject, of the extensive and calamitous outbreak, their best attention at the earliest possible period, but this seems to be the stereotyped form for postponing the evil day in accordance with the most approved principles of red-tapisin. If the difficulty is overcome by those on the spot, if the smouldering fire be extinguished before its bursts into flame—well. The Hon. Court will gravely accept the congratulations that may be tend ered. But if not, matters must take their course, and nothing very important, one way or the other, will proceed from the " King Log" of Leadenhall street. The great, the vital question is, how the troops under orders for India may he most rapidly conveyed to their destination ! We are told that the East Indian Company have chartered six large screw steamers, which may probably be enabled to carry some 4,000 men. There are, in addition, seven clipper vessels spoken of as under engagements to proceed as soon as possible. We have, however, so recently pointed out the immense difference in point of time in favour of those with the auxiliary screw, a difference, amouLting on an average to thirty-seven days, that it must be obvious that mere sailing vessels cannot sufficiently discharge the required duty. There is but one way in which they could be made beneficially available, and that is by obtaining the aid of steam in the only practical manner. We shall point out how this may be effected, albeit at the risk of having our suggestions pooh-poohed, according to the usual practice by the red-tapiats at Whitehall. We have, at present, no less than 195 gun boats, lying up in ordinary. These were pre pared for the Russian war, but ware deprived of t opportunity of displaying their utility by the " lame and impotent conclusion" of the contest. They cost a good round Burn for which no return was made. Now by sending out a number of Cies° boats along with the sailing vessels, they would be able to take the latter in tow during cairns, so as to prevent the deplorable loss of time that too frequently occurs, while the clippers might each carry a few hundred tons of coals for the use of the gun boats. If they should by any possibility be required a home, it would be easy to build others, all the models are available, and it could be done iu a very short time. Their services in the way we have pointed out would be peculiarly valuable. They would not only materially expedite the ar rival of the troops, but when they had arrived at the spot, they would be just what was required for the Indian seas and along the coast of China. Being enabled to run into the creeks and lagoons, they would effectually suppress piracy, bring the war to a speedy termination, and prevent any consequences wh-n it was concluded. We must, however, be stimulated before we can shake off the unaccountable apathy that delays every suit able measure, and that stimulus, we trust, will be supplied by the debate in the Commons on Nlonday, and not by evil tidings from India, which may be received before that debate can take place. We would also direct Mt - .lntim to an admirable suggestion contained in a letter from" MALts," which appears in another part of our impression. It is that the 40;11 Regt., over 1,000 strong, and now in Australia should at once be sent to India where it could arrive withi❑ little more than a fortnight by means of steamers transmitted from Calcutta. We trust that this obvious step may be resorted to, but fear that such will not be the case unless imperative instructions be transmitted by the mail which may be overtaken via Marseillles up to to-morrow evening. Baron ROTHSCHILD has accepted the Chiltern Hundreds, and again comes forward as a candi date for the city of London. This step was, it appears, taken in redemption of the pledge given by the Baron at the last election, and was ap proved of by a large proportion of the Liberal electors who yesterday attended at the London Tavern, and who emphatically pledged themselves to support his re-election. We have no doubt that this course has been adopted in the most honourable and straightfor ward spirit, and in the anxious desire to prevent the possibility of any charge being made by the most captious opponent. It might also have been agreed to, in the belief that the additional demonstration by the citizens of the metropolis might have some effect on the perverse majority in the Lords. We cannot, however, think that it was either necessary or expedient. No new proof was required at the hands of the electors of the City as to their attachment to the great principle of civil and religious liberty, of which Baron ROTHSCHILD has for ten years been the representative. Nor, under exist ing circumstances, would any elector com plain of a broken promise had the Baron awaited the result of the pending struggle between th© Lords and Commons. If any com plaint could be put forward, it would not he because he had delayed his resignation, but rather that he unnecessarily tendered it, and thus given an additional chance to those who cling to the "last rag of intolerance that" still defaces the Na ional Statute Book. Since, however, the writ aas been already ordered, nothing remains but ror the liberal electors to adopt the most energetic neasures to return Baron ROTHSCHILD once more ')37 an overwhelming majority, and to prove be. yond the possibility of doubt, the futility of anv ,pposition that may be attempted. Baron ROTHSCHILD declared that " if Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S bill should be withdrawn, if another bill was rejected as before by the Rouse of Lords, he was satisfied that the Rouse of Commons would then seat him by resolution." This is an implied pledge that he will be prepred to take his seat, and to brave all the penalties that may be imposed upon him for sitting and voting in Parlil inent. Notwithstanding, however, the decision in MILLER v. SALOMONS (the appeal wherein is yet undecided ;) we cannot think the danger so very formidable. It is obvious that the words "on the true faith of a Christian" are pact of the , djuration intended to givo additional solemnity to the oath, and not a portion of the oath itself. The EX-M.P., to whose admirable commuui ,iation we recently directad attention, and who Lvays " strikes the right nail on the heal," aye, and with a sledge hammer Wow, has placed this •luestion in so clear a light that he who runs may .ead. He has shown that the obj ction of Quakers to the words " on the true faith of a Christian" are because they consider it to be an oath just as much as 1113 words, " so help me and for that scruple an express Act of Par iatuont, GEoßerr, c. G, was framed. on this point, he Lays—" The title of the 24 GEORGE 1., cap. 6, is among other ' things, for applinting the form of an affir mation to be taken by the people called Quakers, instead of the Oath of Abjura tion ; ' in other words, an affirmation of abjuration, instead of the Oath of Abjuration. Surely, not merely law but common sense must decide that the only possible way to ascertain the words which KIT, Lords, and Commons, considered to be the o,,th of Aljuration, is to discover what words are in that oath, which they omitted in the affirmation of abjuration. And there can be no doubt that the only words in the oath of abjuration, which they omitted iu the affirmation of abjuration, are on the true faith of a Christian, so help me GOD f so that, notwithstanding Lord CAMPBELL'S asser tion, the very act which permitted Mr. Pease to make an affirmation of abjuration, has also decided that the words on the true faith of a Christian, so help me Gon,' are words of oath, and not the substance of that which is sworn to." This is so clear and intelligible that it must convince any unprejudiced and disinterested person. The King, Lords and Commons, a few years (13 years) after the oath of abjuration had been sanctioned, passed an act which virtually separated the form from the substance, and the omission of the jurat or swearing portion was, and "this I swear on the true faith of a Christian, so help me GOD." It has thus received a legislative interpretation, which has far greater weight that any judge-made law ever de creed. The course for the House of Commons is clear, and we cannot think that Baron ROTHS CHILD will be suffered to sustain any injury for iv...ting in accordance with a resolution of the whole House. TRE S U LONEON, FRIDAY 1 4- IVENING JULY 24, 1857. TROOPS FOR INDIA. It is announced that the East India Company have chartered six large screw steamersf io addition to several clipper vessels, for the conveyance of troops. The steamers consist of the G•tlden Fleece of 2,700 tone, sad the Lady Jocelyn, of 2,200 tons, belonging to the Euro pean and American Steam Company ; the Australian, of 1 391. t - ms, the Sy , lney, of 1,391 tons, and the Victoria, of 1.897 tons, belonging to the Anstral'an Company ; and the Scotland, of abiut 1,800 tons, belonging to Mr. W. S. Lindsay. These six vessels, it is thought, might carry more than 4,000 men. The terms to be paid for the Golden Fleece and Ltdy Jocelyn are 491. per man. For the other- it is 431. 15s. per man. The Golden Fleece and Lady Jocelyn will call at St. Vincent's or Rio to coal, the company having depots at those stations. The jailing vessels engaged include the James Baines and Champion of the Seas, each of about 2,000 tons, sad the Forernaner, Warrior Queen, Ghengis Khan, Vernon, and Marlborough. LONDON AND B.RIGHTON .RAILWAY. HALF-YEARLY MEE PING.-(THIS' DAY.) The usual half yearly meeting of the Shareholders of the London, Brighton, and South Coast Railway, took placJ this day at the Bridge House Hotel. The chair was taken at 1 o'clock by L. Schuster, Esq. The report, which has already appeared in The Sun, having been taken as read, The CHAIRMAN said it was always the endeavour of the directors to make everything as clear as possible in the report, so that the remarks that he bad to address to them would be very brief, and al that would be neces ,ary for him to do that afternoon would be just to glance at the heads of the report. They would perceive that the outlay of capital during the pa t year bad beet, 6.0001., having but 1 0001. of the capital available,and eueli being the case they were under the necessity of coming to the proprietors to sanction an application to Parlia meet for raising the bum of 200,0001. Tuffs sum was a very large one, yet it was absolutely necessary as it was impossible with our increasing traffic to keep the ex penditure stationary. In asking the sanction of the proprietors for the necessary powers to raise the sum, he could assure the shareholders that no unnecessary expenditure would be incurred. The outlay that bite aken place this year bad been called for by necessity. Toe improvements that were being made at the Lewes station, and to be made at the Three Bridges station, he felt awe would produce the best possible effect. Their rolling stock -as in the most efficient condition— the company having in its possession actuslly more than was necea ary. (asar, hear.) The chairman, having allied to the other heads of the report, informed the meeting that +he application to Parliament for the sum to be raised would not be made during the present ses sien, arid that the reason why rwers were sought to raise so large a sum of money, was that the directors thought it better to hare a larger sum at once, and hereby prevent the nece-city of incurring the ex pen,e, of two or three applications for small sums. (EL,ar, hear.) Having touched on the capital account, the chairman concluded by informing the meeting that to their applications to Parliament during the present session they had been successful, in all butone trifling in stance, and having coneratulated the shareholderson the i.roperity of the of sits of the company, concluded by moviog the adoption of the report, at the sainetime an oouncing that he should be happy to answer any ques tions the sharehoPers pleased to put to him. Mr. SCOTT seconded the adoption of the report. Mr. HEREPATEI asked what would be the sum expended ou the Lewes station ? The CHAIRMAN said about 3,0001. Mr. HER fiPATH asked if is the event of the 200,0001. being granted it was intended to cell it all up. Toe CHAlRMAN—Certainly not. It will only be called up as it is required. He could assure the meeting that not a penny of the money would be laid out what would be productive. (Rear. hear.) A SHAREHOLDER asked it there was any action pend ing or in expectaion, be asked this question in order to ascertain bow far the company was involved in I , Tal matters. The improvsments at the Three Er idges station, he thought were called for by actual necessity. The CHAIRMAN said he did not know of one cause of action. Wear, hear.) There was one claim but that no doubt will be settled. After a pbort discussion the report was adopted, and the u-u,l dividend, 21. Ds. per cent, for the halt-year was declared. A. vote of thanks to the chairman terminated the pro ceedings. THE QUEEN OF THE NETHERLANDS. —WINDSOR, Thursday.—The Qaeen of the Netherlands arrived at Windsor this forenoon, by a special train on the Great Weatern Railway. Her Majesty, accompanied by his Serene Highness Prince Ed Nerd of Saxe Weimar and suite, was received at the Queen's Saloon by Colonel Sir George C•mper, Robert Blunt, Esq., and Mr. Lepton. The Queen was received by Lir. Norman M'Donald and Mr. Roberts, who afterwards conducted her Majesty through the Ca-tle. The twenty-sixth anniversary of the inauguration of the King of the 13,1gians was cAebrated at Brussels on Tuesday with the usu , I ceremonial. THE GREAT GLOBE —The 101 l swing distinguished visitors have lately visited the Great Globe, the pano rama, Sec :—Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands and suite, his Royal Highness Prince Alfred and suite, his Royal Highness Prince Frederick William of Prus,ia, Lady Beaumont, Lady Elisabeth Vaughan, Lady El eards, Seienor Dan Pedro Verrer, Sir George Hodg kinsnn, Sir Thomas and Lady Cochrane, Mrs. Hoare, Mr. Le Strange and lady, Alexander Curling, Esq , the Duchess of Marlborough, Lady Neville, the Duchess of Beenfort, &c. THE ‘VEATHER IN PARIS —At six o'clock yesterday morning the thermometer of M. Chevallier stood at 17 4-10tos Centigrade (61 Fahrenheit); at noon, at 22 4-10'he C. (721; F.), and at two at 24 2-10ils C. (75i F ) Tne educa'ional establ:shneent for po 'r female children which the E,npress has caused to be constructed in the Faubourg St Antoine and which bears the name of the " Mango Eugenie-Napoleon," has already received one hundred girls. In a short time this number will have b..en increased to three hurnfred. The meting of the National Discount Company ye , tf rday was a stormy one, the absorption of the half year's profit+ in bad debts leading to the manifestation of an angry feeling on the part of some of the proprietors. Thu d:rectors report and accuunte, however, were re ceived and adopted. PARLIAMENTARY OATHS BILi —lt should not be for gotten that it a colli , o i between the House of Commons and the Courts of Law is to be enc iunterel, it is the Pere who wol be answerable fer so unfortunate a con tingency. The more L ird Campbe;l and those eho 'Welt with him deprecate the disagreeable consequ,oace, which may ensue from ouch a contest, the more are the Peers hound to avert it by all means in their poser. It may be taken as a certainty that a c e.flict between the Commons and the Courts of Law will not be of long duration in eel case, but still it would be a result to be unfeignedly deplored. As to the legality of proceeding in such a cese by way of resolution, independeritly of the common sense of the case, we have in favour of it the present Att :rney General. Sir Richard Bethell, whose authority was quoted by Baron Rothscbil I at the meet ing yesterday, gave some years ago an opinion upon this subject, to which be deliberately adheres. This it is :- 4 Baron Rothschild and Aederman Solornons having Weer' the Oaths of Supremacy and Allegiance, and also the Oaths of A' juration in the manner in which the House is bound by law to administer the same, are en 'it eel to take their seats as members of this House." There are, of course, the decision' of the Courts of Law the other way, acid we fear it cannot be di-puted that in case Jewish members should be seated by resolution the House of C ummons must prepare for a ce flict with the Courts. We wish we could hope that the Peers, b, a tardy concession, would prevent the evil of such a dis pute being inflicted on the couctry. There is yet time to avert it, but, if 'the Peers persist in their obstinate antagonism, at least there can he no doubt on echoic) shoulders the responsibility will rest.--Tines, LATEST AUSTRALIA. We have received the following from Mar seille3 : " MALTA, JULY 19. "The Scamander screw steamer has just arrived from Alexandria, bringing 172 boxes and six bags of letters from Australia, New Zealand, Point de Galle, and Aden, which reached Suez, per Simla, on the 12th inst. "There was nothing new at Malta. "No arrangement has yet been made about the sailing of the Australian mails. The present mails were brought from Malty by the French posta. steamer." PARIS, FRIDAY, JULY 24, 8 A. M. The Ilionitetcr announces that the rumour which has been circulated of the despatch of French troops to China is entirely without foundation. THE FOREIGN CONSPIRACY. A London correspondent of the Austrian Gazette writes :—" Several German journals state that the Cabinet of Vienna is endeavouring to obt , tin from the European powers their adhesion to a common note in which the Cabinet of St. James would be invited to adopt suppressive mea sures towards the foreign conspirators in London. Without affirming this statement I msy assure you that Lord Cowley is instructed to declare to the court of the Tuileries, in the name of his Govern ny...nt, that England considers it a point of honour no longer to tolerate the odious proceedings of those political refugees who have adopted for their flag murder and pillage. As soon as the proofs of the guilty participation of the revolution ary committee in the recent plot against the Em peror Napoleon's life shall have been proved, the English ministry will bring in a bill authorising it to expel all political refugees who have abusTd the hospitality which they have received. This resolu tion of the government is the more honourable from the fact of its being spontaneous." A letter from Vienna in the Bourse Gazette of Berlin says :—" It is certain, as we learn from a very good source, that the last events in Italy, and especially those of Genoa, have caused the Turin cabinet to consider that the re-establishtnent of di plomatic relations with the Austrian goverumont is more desirable than ever. The Court of the Tuileries also desires it. Count de Cavour has had several conferences with the Duke de Grammont, the French Minister, on the bases of a reconcilia tion, and has sent an account of them to the Baron de Bourqueney, the French Ambassador in this city. The Baron has had communications with Count de Buol on the subject, and the latter, on his part, manifests the best dispositions. Only some formalities at present prevent the Austrian Cabinet from immediately complying with the wishes of the Cabinet of Turin, and it is hoped that an understanding will soon be come to respect ing them." GENERAL CAVAIGNAC. An absurd report has circulated for the last few days to the effect tbat General Cavaignac had been arrested, and that he is now confined in some mys terious dungeon. It is hardly necessary to say that there is not a word of truth in this rumour. General Cavaignac has not been in Paris for many weeks ; he w.is not here even during the elections. He is re: ding on a small property near Chateau du Loir, in the department of the Sarthe, wit 'a his family, and concerns himself very little with public affairs. He is, in fact, living in the utmost tran quillity. Wit bout being very opulent he is in pos session of an ample income, which has been in creased by the death of his uncle, and in other re spects be is to all appearance amongst the most contented of men. Ho took no part in the late elections beyond placing his name at the disposal of his political friends. For the present his chief oc cupation seems to be in superiirending the bull ing of a small pavilion on his grounds. The how , ' he occupies is small, and General Cavaignac wishes to have a spare room or two for the accommodation of a few friends who may happen to visit him. This is the only durance to which he is reduced. FRANCE. PARIS, THURSDAY EVENING. Ferouk Khan, the Persian envoy, leaves Paris for Brussels this day, accompanied by Mirza-Mal colm, the secretary of hi 3 embaisy, and all the staff of the legation. The ambassador will remain for some tim in the Belgian capital, and will be pre sent at the fetes of the marriage of the Princess Charlotte with the Archduke Msiximilian. He is also to sign a new treaty of commerce with Bel gium. By an Imperial decree the session of the coun cils-general will ospeepnotbatehr in all thee24tltAtl gt d is e t pa n r e t x m t e a n u t c s l of fotshe the Empire, the7th ten except that o f th e S e i ne . The report circulated of an attempt having been made on the life of the Emperor at Plombiere3 is denied. Th• cat agen's attached to the Secret Police of Pltris left yesterday for Gl,noa, whence they p oce:'d to Leghorn and Naples. Their m , ss'on is said to be c , nlice - ec l with the late insurrect ou in Italy. The Ministerial journal, Le Pays, gives the f liowing •-xplanation of the aAegecl conflict between the Fronch at Rome and the Pontified troops : "On learning the events of Genoa and Naples, some obscure demagogues, seeing that they were unab!e to do anything at Rome, attempted to excite the Pontifical troops against our soldiers, who have been always re markable for their blameless conduct and their excellent discipline. Colonel Yanni, who corn. wands the Pontificia' army since the death of General Farina, took the most energetic measures to ob tain order and, with the exception of three or four but repressed with proved that the d is e o t l e a r t m e , n c a a t s i e o s n, w i n t n h d ou i t n im w p h ) i r e t h ar i ic t e, was aggression did not emanate from our men, no further disorder occurred. All was promptly terminated, and the Roman peopl-• on this as on former occasions testifies to the merits and the good spirit of our troops." BOURSE, July 23.—The following were the last quotations : Cash. fr. c. End of Month. 4i per Cents 3 per Cents 66 90 67 5 Bank Shares 2,900 Credit Foncier Credit Mobilier 952 50 Roman Do. Account 952 50 Austrian Belgian 4i - - Fiedmontese (5) B3i— Home Debt RAILWAYS-FOR CASH. tr. c. fr c. Orleans 1042;1- Western - Northern Lyons 922i— New Ditto Mediterranean 9,,.-,----1 Grand 607. i oene v a ',5231-- Midi ..-.-...---. AUSTRIA. A Vienna letter in the Augsburg Gazette says : "Various facts prove that the clergy are decided on carrying the execution of the concordat to its exireme limits. We will mention one fact which we have learnt by chalice. In the village of ll...rating, on the road from t inz to Wels, a pro testant had married a Rowan Catholic. No en gagement was exacted that the 6ildron should be brought up as Catholics, and the marriage took place withr ut any ii ii ped.uneW, and it was only som., time after that the cu re of the village demanthid a promise to the above effeA from the husband. That was refused, and after several cot - germ:es on the subject, the cure summoned the wile to appear on a ceittin Sunday at the church to hen- a sentence of excommunication pronounced against her. The wom in would n.,t attend, when the cure applied fur the assistawe of the authorities, and she was taken to the church by force and there excommunicated." SPAIN. The Madrid journals of the 20th do not contain any political news of importance. Amongst the persons condemned to death at Seville, for the participation in the recent insur rection, but who -e sentences have been com muted, were a Frenchman named Lamotte and some l orsonages of distinction. It is stated that at Utiera s'x insurgents were shot at the same time as the chief Lallave ; another man was to have been shot with them, but an order to have his execution suspended arrived just as lie was about to leave the piion. The Government bad received information that the Prince of Orange was about to visit the principal Spanish ports, on a tcientific an 4 nautical expedition, and it had given orders that he should be everywhere receivel with the honours due to his rank. The canalisation of the D)ro was inaugurated on the 19th with great solemnity. The populAtion of Barcelona, which, after Madrid. is the most important town in Spain, now amounts to 183,787 souls. In the year 1862 Russia will have arrived at the thousandth year of its existence as a separate Power. In commemoration of that anniversary . the Emperor has ordained that a national Ili 0 TlU ment shall be erected at Novgorod, where the first Russian Sovereign resided. To defray the ex penses of the national in,nument a general sub scription has been opened through gut the empire, in conformity with a circular addressed to ihe dtf ferrn, Governments by the Minister of the Interior. The Director-General of the Works and Ways has been intrusted by tha Emperor with the erection of the monument. It appears that the request of the ambassadors at Constantinople to have the elections in Moldavia postponed to the 27th has not been granted ; the last accounts mereionin2; that they took place on the 19th. The abstentions are said to be very utnnerous, particularly among the m.mbeis of the clergy. The Tuscan Monitore publishes a Grand Ducal decree of the Bth, establishing a national bank in Tuscany, having its principal establishments at Florence and Leghorn, and with power to establisb branch-banks in the other towns of the Duchy. The capital of the bank is fixed at 8,000,000 of hie (6,660,0001 r.), and its charter is to last 20 years. The Second Chamber of the States General of Holland adopted on the 20th, by 47 to 13, the bill on primary instructirm. In consequence of the adoption of this bill, M. Groeuvan Prin , terer, chief of the last cabinet, give in his re•iignation as deputy —the bill not be ng of the exclusively Protestant character which he considers necessary. A communication from Vienna, in the Zeit of Berlin, mentions a report that a s.amp duty was about t be charged on newspapers in A u , tria, with the view to reducing the deficit in the budget. NEW WORKS OF DEFENCE AT GOSPORT. The Government have just completed the pur chase of a tract of land, encompassing the town of Gosport, at a distance of about two miles from it, fo7 the purpose of establishing upon it a new line of fortifications. The land purchased is a broad belt of about three hundred yards in width, and extends from Frater's Point, at the upper part of Portsmouth Harbour, to the sea in the neighbour hood of Stokes Bay. In its direct:on it bi,,ects the Farefiain-road a short distance to the northward of the hamlet of Brockhurst, then crosses the Itch field-road to the eastward of the picturesque chapel of Rowner, from which point it bears away towards Grange, part of which eiltat3 it includes, and ter minates, as before stated, at the sea at the we,t hop of St , pkes Bay, near which, and included in the Government purchase, is the new fort already built, named Gower, after the estate of Leveson Gower, Esq., which has also been purchased. Some of the circumstances conn-cted with the purchase transa tion of the land in this neighbour hood are painfully ridiculous. About fifty years ago, the necessity of strengthening the outlying for tifications at Gosp-rt became apparent to the mili tary engineers, and purchases of land were made about Browndowu and in . the locality of Gower Fort for this purpose, on which occasion about 1001. per acre we. o paid for the property. The land however was not turned to account for fortificat ions. the exception of a few small earthworks, no thirty was done; and in the office of the late Sir EL Vivian, the great part of the Government land was sold, and in many inF-tances did not realise more than 101. per acre. Onthe occasion of the last pur chase of the same land, whichha'!. been thus bought and sold on such übfaxcut ahle terms, Government paid 2401. per acre for it, thus making the public a loser by about 3001. per acre on their transactions ! It has n t yet transpired what will be the extent and charac'er f the fortificat o::s which are to be erec'ed on this land. At pros -nt the only move ment has been an older to clear away all the 11 des and other obstructions, and tura it into grass land. Rumour stat's that a canal is to be cut from the upper part of the harbour to the sea at Stokes Bay, for the purpose of allowing the passage of gun bo *ts through. But it can ac-ircely be supposed that so mite', ex ense would he incurred, whoa by the continuation of the Stoke Lake through the valley at its head, which has evidently been recovered from the I.ke, and which terminates at a very short di,tance from the sea, a canal could be formed at a very much smaller cost. The circumstance, too, of the gun-boat dockyard being alreAdy on this lake is more favourable fir such an arrangement, as, in the event of a gun-blat being required for a flank movement, they could execute the suite much more quickly from this point than if they were to make the circuit of the harbour. 1116 forts already finished and in progress on this intended line of f rtifications c•in-ist of the strong bastion redoubt before alluded to, called Gow r Fort, and another in course of constructio❑ at Frater. There is no doubt but that all this is a move in the right direction. The Gostport side of Ports mouth Harbour has long been a source of anxiety to military engineers, as hitherto the simple line of earthworks sui rounding Gosport has bean quite inadequate to bear any serious pressure from an enemy, who, having once possession of that side of the harbour, would have the dockyard entirely at command. The contemplated extended works will, however, give great security to this point, and the public may be congratulated on the undertaking. We remember, some time since, a hen our rela tions with our French neighbours were not quite so satisfactory as they are at the present time, and when military officials were looking anxiously at our cjast defences, proposing that two line-of bat tle ships shoul i be lightened, and one floated up each of the creeks which run inland for some d s tance to the north avid south of Gosport, and that heavy guns should be placed on their upper decks, which would enfilade the entire face of the earth works of Gosport, making it impossible foran enemy to advance without regular siege approaches. Thee ships, from being isolated, would be difficult for an enemy to deal with. Before closing these remarks we must refer again to the gun-loJat e,tablishment on Stokes Lake. The arrangements which at pr, sent exist for disposing of this new arm of our naval defences is to haul them up on a slip, from which they are transferred to a kind of huge railway carriage or truck, which moving 'at-rally deposits the g•in-boats into sheds coast: uctedf )1' the purpose. By the present arrange ment, the tide is allowed to flow and ebb into and from the like, and the consequence is that the pro cess of h Luling up the gun-boats, and of course launching them again, can only be performed at high water, and at low neap tide there is not suffi cient water even for this. Now, the entrance to this fine lake is narrow, and, at the point where Haslar bridge crosses it, is admirably adap'ed for a dam, which, by being thrown across, and furnished of course with gates, would transform this now almost useless creek into one of the finest wet clocks in the kingdom, and which would not only enable the gunb a s to he launched or hauled up at any time, but also provide a safe and out of the way place for any vessels of this description now blocking up our principal harbours. Mechanics' Magazine. The arrival of an Australian mail yesterlay was un expected, the agent at Sydney having dispatched the Simla a fartnight bef .ire her time to make up for the mail which, owing to the breakdown of the Oneida, had been omitted a fortnight previously—a step which it is feared will disarrange the future monthly service. The dates en this occasion are to the 30th of May from Melbourne, and consequently about five weeks later than those re cently brought by the James Baines; bat, as owing to the irregularity of the arrival, the company had no boat waiting to receive the mails on the Mediterranean side, it is thought there may be considerable delay in the re ceipt of the hitters. Although the Sinus touched at Ceylon on the 23d of June she brought no later Indian news. The dates from Calcutta by the last overland mail are supposed . ta have b een t o th e 13',1 1 of June by u telegraph m B imbay, and as there is a telegraph from Calcutta to Madras, and the communication between Madras and Ceylon can be effecttel in a week or less, it aerld haze seemed to have been possible to have re ceived upon this occasi on at l east three or four days' iaterintelligence. It is to be supposed, however, that if any has been brought it is wholly unimportant, from its not having be en t ransm itt e d by telegraph this morning. The gold by the present Australian mail is only 40,500/. but she brings intelligence of more than a mil lion oa its way. 406,500/ is on board the Great Britain, which sailed from Melbourne on the 21st of May, and is now 63 days out. This ves.4sl made her last passage to Melbourne in 62 days, and she may therefore be expected at, any time. Tn e remaining sum is 674,600/, which is on boird th e Indomitable,Swifisure, Lightning, Sum mer Cloud, and Sardinian. TR& SILK CROP.—A letter from Milan of the 15th, says that, althuuth the silk crop is gathered in the greater part of Italy, the amount of the prod u c e is still uncertain. One taw, however, is uscertained—that the crop is not so deficient as was apprehended. All the foreign seed prospered. The seed raised in Lombardy, on the contrary, generally faded. The spiuners and hiders of a stock of silk say t hat the crop is bad. Speculators pretend that it is much .i better than last year. Everybody speaks according to his nterests and VII wishes ; but it is generally believed that prices will be lower. than last year, and -that silk at present is a hazardous speculation. BARON ROTHSCHILDS .RIGHT TO TAKE HIS SLAT UNDOUBTAD.—No. 2. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SIIN. Sir.—lf I chose to adopt the insolently dogmatic language of Lord Campbell, I should declare that no rational person could doubt that Parliament (King, Lords, and Commons) has already decided that the words " on the true faith of a Christain" are words of form,—that ts, words of oath—pre cisely the same as, "so help me God. 1. Even Lord Campbell must admit that this is the opinion of Quakers themselves, and that their only objection to use the words "on the true faith 9f a Christian," is, because it is an oath, forbidden by the divine command in the precept-, "Swear not at all." 2. The title of the 2ni Geo. 1., c. 6, is among other things, "for appointing the form of an affirmation to be taken by the people called Qaakers, instead of the Oath of Abjuration ;" in other words, an affirmation of abjuration, instead of the OAth of Abjuration. 3. Surely not merely law but common sense must decide that the only possible way to ascertain the words which King, Lords, and Commons, considered to be the Oath of Abjuration, is to di , cover what words are in that oath which they omitted in the affirmation of abjuration. 4. And there can be no doubt that the only words in the oath of abjuration, which they omitted in the affirmation of abjuration, are " on the true faith of a Christian, so help me God ;" so that, notwithstanding Lord Campbell's rollicking asser tion, the very act which permitted Mr. Pease to make an affirmation of abjuration, has also decided that the words " on the true faith of a Christian, so help me G.)d," are words of oath, and not the substance of that which is sworn to. Although it suited Lord Campbell to treat with such scoffing contempt the opinion. of his brother judge, Baron Martin, and this to his lordship's eternal disgrace, on a question which he knew was coming before him judicially, God forbid that I should adopt the same one in speaking of the judges who decided in the case of Miller v. Salo mums, that the words "on the true faith of a Christian" were not a portion of the oath, similar to " so help me God." But surely these learned judges must admit that the party who drew the Act of Parliament 2d Geo. 1., c. 6, must be a better judge of the intention of the framers of the oath of abjuration than any one can be at the present day, for the oath of abjuration was first prescribed by the 13th Will. 111., c. 106 _l7ol—and the 2d Geo. 1., c. 6, putting this con struction on the words " On the true faith of a Christian" was in 1714, so that it is by no means improbable that both the acts were drawn up by the same person, very likely a lawyer.—l am, sir your obedient servant, July 22, 1857. 40th REGIMENT. EX M.P. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. see daily in your paper orders for troops from England and Ireland for India. Ido not conceive it well to drain the United Kingdom of her troops. Swely there is a strong and effective regiment in Australia, the 40th, over 1,000 strong, and why not order this regiment to the service of the mutiny ; two large steamers despatched from Calcutta could easily have this regiment in India in a fortnight. And in the present peaceable state of Australia, there are enough of the military and other corps to keep the peace there. This order should be given at once, and then the 40th would long be in India before the troops now under orders to embark from the United Kingdom for India.— I am, &c MILES. ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. SALISBURY, THURSDAY. To-day there has been a very lar 4 e influx of agriculturists, busniess-p:3ople and sight-seers, and prop•tious weather atter the showers of yesterday now shines upon one of the best shows the Society has ever had. The number of cattle is one-fourth more than last year, of horses rather less, of sheep more t ian double, of pigs nearly double, of pou'try leis ; the eutties of live s'.ock being about I,2UU this year, against 900 hat. The Herefords far surpass in number any pre vious show, and in character have never, perhaps, appeared :in more comely proportions and more beautiful quality. The Devons are much more numerous thin they have been for many yearn, and are extraordinarily good in almost all the classes. The sheep show is undoubtedly the best the Society has yet gathered together, and is more than double in number of entries that it was at Chelms ford. The Leicester 3 are not so well represented in quality as in number of aaimals. Mr. Pawlett and Mr. Sanday occupy their usual place of pre eminence, and Mr. Spencer, Mr. Radmore, Mr. Tumor, and Mr. Cresswell compete wigh very use ful rams and also pens of handsome ewes from their well-known flocks. The Soutbdowns are a very large class, anel equal to their best appearance ou any former occasion. The exhibition of pigs surpasses any ever pro duced in the kingdom. Below are the principal prizes awarded SHORT-HORNED CATTLE. Class calved on or before the Ist of July, 1855, and not exceeding four years old.—First prize of 30/. to William Stirling, ALP., of Keir Dumbl me, Perth. Class 2.—Buds calved since the Ist of July, 1855, and more than one sear old.—First prize of 251. to F H. Fawkes, of Farnley-hall, Otley, Yorkshire. Claus 3.—8u1l calves, xb Are 6 and under 12 months old.—F.rst prize of 101. to Stewart Madlrioanke, o" Busby-grove, Watford. Gass 4.—Cows in milk or in calf.—First prize o 201. to Lieutenant Cdlonel Towneley, of Towneley. Fmk, Burnley. HEREFORDS Class I.—Bulls calved on or before the Ist of July, 1855, and not txJeeding four years ol , l.—First priz:) of 301. to Edward Williams, of Lowess-court, near Hay, Brecon. Class 2.--Bulls calved since the Ist of July. 1855, and more than one year old.—First prize of 251. to Edward Price, of Court-house, Pembridge, near Lac minster. Class calve., above 6 and under 12 months old.—First pr za of 101. to Len Bsteman, of Shobdon court, near Leominster. Class 4.—Coma, in milk or in calf.—First prize of 201. to Lord Berwick, of Cronkhill, near Shrewsbury. DEVON CATTLE, Class I.—Bulls calved on or before the Lit of July, 1855, and not exceeding four years oli.—First prize of 301. to James Davy, of Fitton Barton, near South Molton. Class 2.—Bulls calved since the let of July, 1855 and more than one year old.—First prize of 251. to James Weutworth Buller, M.P., of Dawns, near Cre diton. HORSES. Class I.—Stallions for agricultural purposes foaled on or before the Ist of January, 1855.—Fast prize of 301., to T. B. T. Hildyard, of Flintham-ball, near Newark. Ciass 2.—Stallions for agricultural purposes, foaled in 1855.—First Pdzs of 201. to Samuel Cayden, of Litt:e Linton, Cambridgeshire. Class 3.—Mares and Foals for agricultural purposes. —First prize of 201. to Samuel Wulton, jun., of Kes grave, near Woodbridge. SHEEP. —LEICESTEBS. Cass I.—Shearllng Rams.--First prize of 251. to W. Sanday, of Holm° Pieirepont, Nottingham, Giese 2. Rams of any other age.—First prize of 251., \V, Saoday, ditto. Class 3.—Pens of five Shearling Ewes of the same flock.—First prize of 20/., to W, Sanday, ditto. SOUTHDOWN. Clot; I.—Shearling RamF.—First priza of 251. to Jonas Webb, of Babrabana, near Cambridge. Class 2.—llama of any tither Age.—First priza of 251. to Jonas Webb. Gass 3.—Pens of five Shearling Eves of the same flock.—First priza of 201. to Henry Overman, of Wea henatn, near Rougham. SHORT-WOOLLED SIIREP. Class I.—Shearling narns.—Fint prize of 251. to George Adney, of Harley, near Much-Wenlock, Sal p. Class 2.—Rams of any other Age.—First prize of 25/. to Samuel Meire, of Castle-hill, Much-Went Ark, Salop. Gass 3.—Pens of five Shearling Ewes of the same fhek.—First prize of 201. to William Brown Canning, of CaLledon, near Swir, i don. ,LONG-WOOLLED SHEEP. Cias3 I.—Shearling Ranis —First prize of 251. to William Lana of Broadfield Farm, Nortitleaell, Glun ce:,ter. Cass 2.—Rams of any other age..—First prize of 251. to Edward Handy, of Sierford, near Cheltenham, Glncester. Class 3 —Pens of five Shearling Ewes of the same flock.—First prize of 201. to William Game. PIGS. Class . I.—B oars of a large breed.—FrrA prize of 101, to John Harrison, jun., of Heaton Norris, near Stork. port. _ Class 2.—Boars of a small breed.—First prize . of 101. to George Mangles, of Givendale, near Ripon, Y or k. shire. Cl ass a.— Breeding Sows of a large breed,—First prize of 10/. to William Hewer, of Sevenhampton, near High worth. Class 4. —Breeding Saws of a small breed.--First prize of 101. to H. Watson, of Bc•lton-park, near Wig ton, Cumberland. - SIR G. NAPIER AND THE INDIAN ARMY. (FroM the Times.) It has long been stt down among the singu larities of our race that an Englishman is more than half satisfied when he knows the causes of a disaster. No doulkt he is a very reasonable being, and often finds in a sufficient theory a com pensation for actual failure. If it be so, our readers will find an immense store of comfort in the shape of Sir Charles Napier's published opinion-4 on the oindition of the Indian Army, and some extracts from the more recent offi.lial des- patches of the Governor-General. Any one who reads the former, unless he resides under the shade of some Director or retired Commander-in-Chief, will only wonder how we have held the empire so long by such a rope of sand as our military system turns out t') be. That, no doubt ; has been the vt ry reflection that has a thou , and times instilled a false , e3urity, and stifled ti!e thought of reform. It has gone on in this war for generations ; it answers ; no other way would answer, for what we can tell. True, there ore mis ;ivings, not to say ac tual clan ger& So there were thirty yrars ago ; ay, sixty years. Indeed, there never was a time when thjre were not people to t-11 us our empire hung on a thr, ad. Bishop Heber says that had Lord Combermere been forced to raise the siege of Bhurtpore, as L had done 20 ye irs before ' every man from the Sut lej to the Nerbudda who had a sword, or who could either buy or steal a horse, would have risen against us. It so happens that, chiefly owing to the intense . jealousy of the Indian Governm,nr ' and the incu bus which sits on the pen and the tongue of every • Indian functionary, we have not had many means of knowitter 6 how the system worked., We h a ve had uo men of quick observation, sound judgment, free from professional bias, and able to defy all authorities who passed through India, took notes of all they saw, and gave us the results of the tour. When a man did this, or when opinions did actu ally transpire, these were set down to disappoint meet, eccentricity, or malice ; and few indeed are the men who are not open to such imputations. In fact the prophet always was an eccentric, passion ate, and rather ill-tempered being. For years it has been known that Sir C. Napier felt the most grievous dissatisfaction with the state of things in India ; and that he had incurred the wrath of its rulers by the freedom of his tongue. 'nut what did this matter ? His authority was as dust in the scale compared with the vast reality of an empire which had survived so many hostile predictions, and which it was often said required rather a certain assiroila - • tion to the Oriental character than so striking a contrast as the energetic Englishman is apt to be- • come. India is a subject, indeed, on which mere Englishmen—and every oneof us who has not sees [mita is a mete Englishman in the eyes of the more fortunate—have hardly courage to speak. The whole thing is a mystery in our eyes. None of us can divine by what spell or what law of nature the schoolfellows whom we beat at every possible trial become in afew years colleetors orjudgee with prince - . ly incomes, or military officers with extraordinary employments of great responsibility. It was not ; for us to criticise a state of things in which the least drop of Enelish blood went for so much, where it seemed a positive waste to be clever and strong, and where the only danger was lest, like Gulliver among the Lilliputians, we should occasionally do damage by forgAting the smallness and the frail ness of the race we had to deal with. Hence it is that even the British public, ev, r alive as it is to: all misgovernment at home, and quick to hear corn' plaints, was not roused by the known indignation . and misgivings of Sir Charles Napier. In feet, what could we do ? We have only just renewed and largely modified the Charter, with hopes 03 . - improvement. As for the army, that we could not reach. These standing armies do indeed stand. The highest military reason is that a thing is so. Why, for example, did we make Delhi a strong for" \tress, surround it with new bastions, excavate a deep ditch out of the granite rock, leave within W a hundred thousand muskets, two perks of th e ' heaviest artillery in India, and powder enough t°'. blaze away at any enemy for a year, and then place the whole in the sole charge of three native regi' meets ? Why did we not see the absurdity of this course ? The answer is, that it always was co ill Indian memory, It has been so the whole of this century, and no harm has come of it. What is described in these passages from tb e " Life of Sir Charles Napier" is the gradual . tinction of the British element in the native Indian army, and the simultaneous elevation of the Bin,' dote Hai there been a compact by virtue of whic h , we were gradually to surren ter our dominion, to relinquish step by step the ground won for us by a: succession of conquerors above our own standard,, to let the Hindoo acquire the strength, the rank; the self-confidence, the absolute independence, Ltua the contempt of ourselves necessary to qualify Oi l for doing without us, we could not have done other''`wise than we have. Here we see the picture offer. mense army, of the finest men the country a la ; produce ; full of caste and prejudice ; well P with wives, children, and camp followers ; 00133 pletely officered by thier own race ; these officer: : men of years, experieuce, and dignified character a: and everything, in a word, that could make a ge° native army. We see a long indulgence to nat ive pride and scruples to an extent unknown in el : r 0 : own army at home. On the other hand, we gee the Bri ish officers of these noble regiments gen e rally reduced to a few youths, learning their Pr" • ft , ssion from the very men they are sent to 003 : 0 ; mend and overawe ; sp en di ng th e i r ti me in atoll - , ments, or, worse, in idleness ; or, if they do lear A and practise their profession, forthwith transferee ; to some civil employme n t. Th e co ll ec ti on of revenee, which is said to hav e d ra i ne d th e Judicial Departments of its best heads, ro bb e d th e arm y ale' s t of its ablest hands. Th us i n many reg imen t s ,1 1 England has become on ly a name, as ol'1,1,`"0 a name as the puppet we left on _ i n throne of the M ogu l an d hi s feudatories. ilr;t remained intact, whit improved, and grew strong: o day by day, was the native organisation. The' were, indeed, pageants of Mahomedan and there were also other men in buckram t i b-p , et od fo r th e B r iti s h conqueror. Hi s t ory r ecorder itself in a f ew f ore i gn un if orms an d idl e C ar e t :lloW There was nothing real but the native, and t b e ti l l reality was witnessed with respectful alarm by 0 4 men as Sir C. Napi er , w i h bli n d i n d i ff er ence id such nice as Sir Wm. Gomm, and we must a d 0 , with pain, Lord Dalhousie. Se Sir Charles p.r ici tested and proph e sied. He knew the breath w° l ` . o btl hardly out of hi s body b e for e the whole rott% fibric would crumble to pieces, but he would net ' the Cassandre of India the laughingstock of dir e , tors and departments. He would, indeed, h a ve P, r . f o o tested in vain. He did protest in vain. His own and character were a continual protest against indolence and luxury of the Englishman who plol o , the soldier to the increasing contempt ofthe Hind° A ; Sir C.iarles was laughed at, snubbed, c tricatur e "i and- finally beaeen f r o m th e fi e ld , warning 1/10 ft ieuds to the last of the impending,catastrophe. has, however, don e h is wor k . W e h ave hi s lig" . ". and we snail profit by it. We have now to re - e ° o - quer India, and we s h a ll d o it . W e h ave to f oc i censtruA our system, t>•reorganize our army, to create a new id ea l o f th e B r iti s h so ldi e r in to ia . That we shall do, for we are not a nation give up our' ground once won, or to acquiesce 4 deterioration. We have lost ground, slipped, l e falieu ; but we have no doubt India will soon ours in a sense in which it has never been before' rtqll DEFEAT of MR. BICSSSME'R'S AME.RI, P 4 PENT. In America, a, patent granted for an invenlia ll , h 1 e liable to be set asid e if it can be shown' tha t patentees has been anticipated by a previous ventor. This regulation has lead to the defal_ t io a Mr. Besserker's American patent for the invel p. th which produced so much excitement a twelvereal3ej since. In our numter for Nov. 8, we menlilg, that Mr. W. Kelly, of the Suranne Iron'O r t i 3 Kentucky, claimed to be the inventor of 0138 te d called the Bessemer process, and to have tofu : w o w it threo or four years air() to several English ' r ely manutacturers. Mr. Kelly 6 has subsequentli t ip tamed a patent for the process. The •Sciet p li- American informs us that when Mr. Kelly's d i c e cation for a patent came up before the Patent se ; fur examination a pa' eut was refused, of v 9tl f e st, an interference was then declared, at his rol i a " is' and the following document, issued by C° ll3 l ,icll sinner S. T. Shugart, will show the action l'e r " pc o flowed from it :—"ln the matter of interf er d e o pt between the patent of Henry Bessemer, of ri° ll l -. f oli and the application of William Kelly, 01 "",'ittr county, Ky., for improvements in the 131- bO facture of iron and steel, the hearing of If o r was fixed for the first Monday in April pears that, by the concurrent testimony of ou oia rolls witnesses, Kelly made this inventiell'iv al showed it by rawings and experiments as ea r t d e 1847, and tnis testimony appears to be relic every resi,ect. The patent of Bessemer vras," be arS at London, on the 11th of April, 1856, to" ties Ala e 11th of October, 1855. Priority of isyS it IS in this case i s awarded to said Kelly, an ' less ot dered that a patent be issued accordingly' •$ an appeal be taken within sixty days from c os' date." " Thus the interference," says 01 wse . tempoiary, "has bred decided, and Pen'Y to bia l mer's American parent is of no more val ue eaz ifik than so much waste paper."—Mechanics' .IY-161.1 The Elbenflacl Gazette states that a postal oon,ve:i3ower° has just been concluded between Austria aud ;;,trie ° and that the rate of postage between the two - will receive a sensible diminution. 1Y1( tinvinii thu s sui cornizoi _A fAi r Demer a Rnited "Ited Al al ) anil ar • Ylan af 3sach kiasissi uPaiondi •uus • 881 e 4 IIIB YI 1▪ 1 11834 ' e nte 1 8 n/ toot ° , liontre; )3RI Runk 3 per New /18 b 1 ttll 4 : Irk r►at c