The Sun. — London, England, 1840-08-24 00:00:00

rfVFN'TING EDITION% FRANCE AND ENGLAND, AND THE EASTERN QUESTION. (From the Presse of Saturday, Mole organ.) A letter from a member w' the British Parliament, and who is on the most intimate terms with Sir Robert Peel, has been communicated to us. It confirms in every point the information published by us already, re specting the proceeding as to the negotiations in Lon don, and concerning the respective conduct of the great Powers. It is stated, in that letter, that sincere overtures for the conclusion of the Eastern question haN, a been made by the representatives of Prussia and Austria to the French Ambassador. It is said that their Excellencies gave M. Guizot to understand that their respective Governments, in order to hasten the solution of so mom e ntous and dangerous a question, would accede to an - arrangement which would grant to Mehemet Ali the hereditary possession of Egypt and Syria for life, and that well-founded hopes were en tertained that that arrangement would be acceded to by the Cabinet of St. James's. The author of that letter adds that the most hostile Tories of both Houses to the Cabinet of the Whig Ad ministration were congratulating themselves upon the opportunity which would furnish them with a pretext for attacking a policy of concessions which some even pretended to brand as being disgraceful to Great •Britoin. This sufficiently indicates the sacr:fice that it is thought would be made by England by granting Syria to the Viceroy, even for life. That leffer, which we look upon as a document of the greatest authority, as it emanates from such a re spectable source, fully confirms that which we have said for the last fortnight, and also that which the .Debats yesterday acknowledged and verified, not withstanding its bias for the Cabinet. The country must be made acquainted with it at the moment when its destinies are likely to be duped by a ge neral 'war: There was time, during the negotiations in London, when nirtthing . would have been easier than to break up the European alliance with us, and to annihi late the evil designs of England and Russia. Two of tht Powers represented at London spontaneously offered to withdraw from the conference on certain conditions, which the Ministry has since, in the Revue des Deux Alondes, recognised as being perfectly acceptable. Well, the Ministry, whether through blundering, or the hopes of finishing in another way, or the desire of bringing on a crisis, wherein it might traffic in generous passions for the profit of vain popularity-, but which are so often blind, of opinion, did not know how, nor has it derived any advantag.! from that favourable incident. Peace in . ght then have been; honourably maintained. In the present day can it be so, without concessions for whicti national dignity will have to blush ? In a word, such is the sitpation as it was, and as the Ministry has made it. Let the country take note of it ! The bottom o' that situation ingulfs a case of immense responsibility. (From the Univers.) " A few days ago," says the Univers, " the conver siatioa at the staff quarters of the National Guard turned on o , e rumours of war, in presence of Marshal Gerald. An officer asked him whether he expected a war ? I would bet neither for nor against one,' replied the Marshal ; but I do not expect one.'" (From the Constitu tionnel ) MILITARY FORCE OF FRANCE.—Since the Revolu tion of July the military forces of France have been in creased to an extent beyond what is commonly con ceived. This is owing to the due execution of our ad mit- (ble laws for recruitment, and to the Nationa Gusrd. During this period of ten years a million of young Frenchmen, the eldest of whom have scarce!) attained their thirtieth year, have been enrolled in the active army, or have been incorporated in the reserve. This number, which is perfectly correct, is founded or the calling out at the end of 1830 of the classes of the previous years, and of the annual contingent of 80,000 men, without reckoning volunteers. This mil Lon of soldiers :s still under arms, or forms part of the reser% e, or else of the moveable National Guards, who. ira our 37,000 communes, have attained a degree of military discipline which cannot escape observation. The Government, therefore, in case of need, has at its di s posal, an effective force which is the more powerful us it is composed of men already inured to the use o' arms, and for whom able officers will not be wanting, as it is well known that besides those now in full pas and at the military schools we have upwards of 3,000 such officers either on half-pay or on the Reform List. In fine, among the million of soldiers attached to our regiments and the army of reserve may be reckoned 15,000 discharged non-commissioned officers, whose promotion to the rank of officers has been alone pre sented by the reduction of the army. (From the official Messager.).) As soon as the treaty of the 15th of July had ac cursed to change the diplomatic position of France with respect to Europe, the Government took _measures to provide against any events to which this position might give rise. It has not, as some pretend, agitated the country by imprudent language, and has taken care not to give cause of alarm to foreign powers by improper menaces. The Government has said nothing—it has better understood its duty—it has acted ; it was not wil- Eng that France, whatever might be the result, should be taken unprovided. It has called to its standards th( mean whom the law had placed at its disposal, and has most particularly occupied itself with the materiel of the army and the fleet. These orders are being executed on all points. The conduct of the Government, however, has led to various remarks. Whilst some say it has done too much, others say it has done too little. It is at the same time accused of going too fast and too slowly. We cannot reply seriously to the first of these reproaches. Those who think that takin g precautions under existing circumstances is to spread dangerous alarm abroad would apparently wish to see France forget her ()von security in order to give confidence to other Powers. A Cabinet which would adopt such a policy would fail in his duty. The Government would only compromise its responsibility gravely, if, as some of the journals pretend, these preparations were only upon paper. There would be a reproach if it were founded, hut it is not. We comprehend these fears, for they are dictated by a sentiment of patriotism Let the Government be watched and stimulated in the interest of common safety. This is the duty of a press sincerely devoted to the national cause. But this patriotism must not be unjust and close its eyes to acts which are of a nature to give to it confidence. Fortunately the journals which accuse the Government of too much tardiness in its armaments take care to belie their own accusations by repeating facts which prove the strong impulse given to all the mea sures respecting the materiel of the navy. In the same paper in which, under the form of discussion, the gene sal inactivity of the Goverrment is denounced, we see letters from our different co. is which show t fa i 4 in each the works are going on with vigour. Thus it is proved that the ship-yards of Toulon exhibit extraorslinary ac tivity, that the workmen do not cease on Sundays, and that the levy af ten thousand sailors and two thousand workmen is being made, and that in the ports of L'Orient and Brest the works are pushed forward with as much vigour as in the wars of the empire. - The amount of the vessels on the stocks is given ; and the attention of the Cabinet, which has a weekly report of the materiel and the personnel, is shown. All these facts are given impartially by the journals which re proach the Ministry with being asleep, so that, if there the a reproach in their leading articles, the justification is given in their news. THE ENGLISH IN FRANCE (From the Considutionnei—M. Thiers's Paper.) An English journal asserts that the English who re sib amongst are exposed to serious attacks, and even mentions an insult addressed to an English physician who resides in Paris. This statement is certainly un founded ; nothing of the kind has come to our know ledge, and ai to the general disposition of the country towsrda the citizens of Great Britain, we do not hesi tate to declare to the Morning Post, that it is in a complete error. Nobndy in France, even among the least enlightened classes, renders Eaelishmen individu ally responsible for the fault of their Government ; al . obody has h a d th e - pl ea o f violating towards them the sights of hospitality, and making them the objects of cowardly insult. This would neither be consistent with French manners, nor with the tendencies of an - age which is eminently mild and polished. In other time s when popular passions were unchained, there rsvcre, indeed, offensive manifestations before the hotel ei an Ambassador, but even in the mid st o f t hi s e(Tervcscence individuals were always respected. The scenes of l:31 can never be reproduced, and it would be madness to suppose that what was done then would be clone now. There are in Paris a good number of Inglish who can bear witness to the sentiments of the French nation. They know that our country is resolved to suffer nothirg injurious to its dignity, but they eon , prebend that our complaints against the British Go vernment do not affect them ; and - that even if the policy of Lord Palmerston were to light up war be. Atvveen the two countries, the relations which twenty ve years of peace have established between them and ras would cot permit a revival of the old hatred of people' to people, as in the . time of Pitt. Whatever may happen, there is one thing which England, y can sup press ; the people of France and pl iced together at rise head of European civilization, have con- :r.ei“::l for each other a mutual and perman nt estre- re e , Thus the desire to see peace maintained is unanimous is both countries, but the positions are so different, that in ord,r to obtain this end. the enlightened men of Great Britain disavow and condemn the policy which led to the treaty of the 15th July, whilst in France every body supports the policy which adopts precautions against the menaces of this treaty." POPULARITY OF WAR IN FRANCE. (From the Constitutionnel.) We stated yesterday that the most enlightened and distinguished portion of Legit:mists considered in a na tional point of view the present circumstances, and strongly condemned anything that might give semblance to party manoeuvres. Our words receive a solemn con firmation by the following letters which the Duke de Doudeauville has seat us. The se l etters add further I to the high esteem which the whole of France has felt for the Noble Duke : " TO THE EDITOR OF THE CONSTITUTIONNEL. " Montmirail, Aug. 20, 1840. " I say, and I can prove it, Sir, that there is no longer party feeling when the safety of the country is compromised, and all good Frenchmen must agree on that point. I hope, then, that you will not refuse to insert the annexed letter in your journal, and I shall feel obliged for the same. " I have the honour to be, &c., " Duke de DOUDEAUVILLE." " Montmirail, Aug. 20, 1840. " SlR,—Wishing always to stand well with my coun trymen, who evince so much good-will for me, I ven ture, under circumstances of such difficulty, to give utterance to my profession of faith. It will prove that party is no longer in question in France when honour and the . country are compromised, as my son impressed ,t upon me, and who knows me as well as he loves me. It is, I hope, a means to prevent war, by proving to the wise Sovereigns that it would not be so easy for them Is, perhaps, they imagine. Besides, being ill, it is a ort of political last will and testament. I have been a Royalist from the time I have been in existence, and I ;hall be so until my death, but I have always been a ;ood and loyal Frenchman. " In 179 i I left the Austrians and the Prussians as I saw that they wished to insadc my country, instead of rendering it succour, as they had stated they would do n the first instance. " During Napoleon's reign I was a greater enthusiast than any other of his votaries. " Having, as is wont to be said, no other ambition `)ut that of the public good, I only accepted the place of Member of the General Council of nay department, ,vhich I have occupied since that period. " In 1827 I gave at the moment my resignation of !he most envied place for the purpose of preventing a lissolutbn, as unjust as unfounded, of the National Guards of Paris. " In 1828 or 1829 I advised Charles X. to name a more prudent Ministry, at the head of which would have been Cassinnir Perier. " Four or five years ago, in the only letter which I wrote to that good King, in order to make him know the truth, I said, 'Sire, lam ignorant of the views ry Providence on your august grandson ; he can neither reign by aid of foreigners nor by conspiracies, but by public opinion alone.' It may be guessed whether I think in the same way. " These sentiments, divested of intrigue, and I hope truly French, are those of a great number of my fellow creatures, especially of those who are around me. " To show them otherwise than by phrases, I offer, notwithstanding the heavy expenses of four generations, ten thousand francs for a general war, if unfortunately t takes place between this and a year hence. At a later period, in all probability, I shall have ceased to live. " I flatter myself with being sufficiently known that there be no misunderstanding as to the intentions of an old Royalist, who is always the friend of his country. " I pray most ardently for peace, as it is as desirable for France as for Europe, for who can foresee the terri- , ble commotion the first spark would produce ? " I have the honour to be, Sir, your vety humble and very obedient servant, " Duke de DOUDEAUVIL LE." (From the German Papers.) The Journal de Francfort, a paper generally con sidered to be an organ of the Russian Cabinet, contains the subjoined article, which is not without importance it the present moment : When the French Ministry was asked by the jour nals if such and such a proposition had not been made by Austria, M. Thiers replied in the illessager that such and such a proposition bad not been made ; but he did not say that no proposition had been made to him ; he did not reply that nothing had been proposed to him. Yes, something was proposed, and his evasive denials ire an implicit avowal which cannot be misunderstocd. At present, for the purpose of preventing the anger of the country, he himself affects great anger against the other Powers ; he pretends to have been de ceived, and talks of opposing the execution of the treaty, and revolutionising Europe. These menaces are not more serious than the degenerations which pre ceded them were sincere. They show simply to the Powers the concealed regret that is felt at having been kept by the inopportune display of a surly pride out of negotiations which were carried on by the other Powers when France had refused to take part in them. What was the origin of this momentary difference be tween France and the other Powers of Europe ? It is doubtlessly the same as the origin of the difference which exists between the chief of the French Cabinet and his Sovereign on the present question. Louis Philippe, although he owes his position to a revolution, , is necessarily Conservative. His Minister, the child of the revolution, has remained revolutionary, although his present position prescribed to him other principles, in order that he might act in harmony with the rest of Europe. The Foreign Powers could not approve of all his Parliamentary speeches, nor of all the acts of his Government, some of which were evidently tinc tured with a revolutionary spirit ; his irascible temper resolved upon reprisals, and the Powers, finding him ill-disposed, were compelled to undertake the pacifica tion of the East without him. But is the evil with. out remedy? No. Upon the parchment on which are inscribed the resolutions of the Conference, there is still room for the adhesion, or even the observations of France, before the definitive ratification of the ' treaty shall have rendered its execution imperative. It i 3 possible, therefore, that M. de St. Aulaire and M. Guizot, taking counsel of their own good sense, the wise instructions of their Sovereign, and the critical position of their country, may make, one to the Ca binet of London, the other to the Cabinet of V:ecna, advances which may retard the ratification of the treaty, and open the way to fresh negotiations ; this point once gained, it cannot be doubted that the French Cabinet, still more interested than the other Powers in avoiding a conflict, will enter at least partially into the views of those Powers. The Nureinburg Correspondent observes that the ru n-tour of the Emperor Nicholas intending to make a journey in the autumn into Southern Russia, accom panied by the Hereditary Grand Duke and Marshal Paskewitch, is unfounded. "It may be taken," adds this journal, as a proof of Russia meditating no at tempt on Constantinople, that Austria does not think it necessary to make any extraordinary armaments. The treaty of the Four Powers is a stumbling-block, although it is not yet ratified but the mission of M. de St Aulaire proves that France wishes to ward off its effect, not only by means of enrolments and fittings -out of vessels, but also by negotiations. In any case, if the treaty is ratified, it will not contain any article of a rature to determine France to go to war with the other Powers." INSURRECTION AT LISBON. SUSPENSION OF THE LIBERTY OF THE PRESS, OF THE LA WS PROTECTING PER. SONAL LIBERTY, &c. " LISBON, AuG. 17, FOUR P.M.—The tenour of my last communication of the 10th inst. would, doubtless, from the elements of popular disaffection then manifest, hive prepared you soon to hear of a political move ment to overthrow the Ministry, and the Ministerial measure that would be adopted, then in embryo, in the event of its failure. Thi s attempt was made on the night of Tuesdcy last, but in the course of four hours was, by the fidelity- and discipline of the troops, totally suppressed, without bloodshed, or even a contusion. " The Habeas Corpus and the liberty of the press, excepting literary periodicals, the Diario dos Cortes,and official gazette the Diario do Govern°, have been sus pended for the space of one month, and the im:ividuals implicated arc to be tried by a Special Commission to be composed of six members, of an equal number of Magistrates and military officers, the President to be a General, with a vote. The process to be observed as in Courts Martial, with an appeal, however, in case of condemnation to the Supreme Military Council of Justice. " The emeule commenced at 10 o'clock at night, by small groups of people congregating in the Estrella square, who were soon after joined by 40 privates and three serjeants of the Municipal Guard stationed in the Travessa dos Ladroes close at hand, headed by Major Cabral, of Cat:adores (who, on the plea of ill health, last week refused to go to Peniche) and ex-co mman d er of the navy . Franca (who made himself so conspicuous while inspector of the Royal dock-yard) , and Col one l of the arsenal battalion, raising a cry of ' Ira a Rainh a ,' Viva a Constitucao de 1838,' and Down with the Ministry.' Their first endeavour was to seduce a cor pnral's guard of the 10th Infantry on duty there, who resisted. The next was the captain's guard of the 17th Regiment at the Palace of Cortez, where, meet ing with a similar disappointment, they marched on to a branch municipal station in the Calcade Paulistas, where they were more successful, being joined by al:out forty o f t h at corps, who compe ll e d t h e i r Cap tain, Batalha, to go along with tbem. They then proceeded to the military arsenal, meagrely engrossing their numbers, and repeating the vivas 'as they went ; on their arrival there they mustered about three hundred, principallyi of the Municipal Guard, Provisional bat talions, a th o er n sißeaaend:eli rabble.rms e t n h t e once ileLeHiebroelonntneloiletyoorfieftothuen.edxhtiisysn'acritetillnasgttihotnl) Na tionalreae Jose Pedro Nunes, ex ° blic i einp y lo ' ye? and an ' ex- Captain of Cacado ' re ' ., Oz Pu , of w io, surpri i s . ing the sen tinel, broke open the - gates that and estab.ishn e nt, and were helping themselve s to arms stani ? de m gw p mh u oe n n i ammunition, o oe n rf e , o n n oopposition being offered by the first Ar tillery, whose quarters are close er b h y e ' r , the revolterst calculated guard on the spot that night, upon its aid and support, which, during interval of the arrival of the 30th battalion of Cacado * re s wh r i came down at the order of General Costa (who resides in that neigbourhood, and on hearin g the noise sent s for es it), it is said wavered, and had this battalion been undecided, the affair might have t a k en a verydif. I,?rt.nt turn ; a panic immediately ensued, when the rin g . leaders were the first to cry out'' Salve-se queni podcr"(save Limself who can), and fled ; these I am informed have taken refuge on board the French corvette, Laßlonde, at anchor in the river. Their escape was rendered easy from the circumstances of this arsenal being contiguous to the water's edge. Forty, principally sans culottes, barbers, tailors, and cobblers, were made prisoners ; the re mainder managed to make off ; a very few have since been apprehended. It is reported that Major Cabral and Captain Roza subsequently fell into the hands of a Cacadore regiment to which they had formerly be longed, when a sympathetic feeling evincing it self, they in the confusion contrived to get away. By the time the remainder of the garrison of the capi tal, with the President of the Council and Minister at War, the Count de Bomfin in their front, reached there at two o'clock in the morning, the riot was quelled. At five o'clock they all assembled in the Rocio square, where the Secretaries of State appeared on horseback, and shortly afterwards the troops filed off to their re spective barracks, and their Excellencies to the War office, where they sat in deliberation until 11 o'clock, and thence came down to the House with a Bill for the sus pension of the habeas corpus, liberty of the press, and to try the delinquents by a special commission, which was referred to a committee, and the Session declared per manent until the report should be brought up. Mean while the debates were very vehement ; the Septembrist partisans denouncing it as a borracheirada, a bacchana lian affray. At half-past ten o'clock at night the re port having been brought up, and a majority of seventy one appearing in its favour, the House separated. On the following morning it was sent up to the Senate, where, after similar combating, it was carried by a majority of thirty-eight ; on Friday received the Royal Assent ; passed into a law on Saturday, and published in the Diario do Govern°. " The thanks of both Chambers have been voted to the troops for their determination and fidelity on the occasion, with one dissentient voice only in the Depu ties, of M. Mendez Leite (a Septembrist), who, being of opinion that they had done nothing more than their duty, they were not entitled to any praise. "It does not seem that the revolters, who reckoned upon being united by some regiments during their transit, were guilty of any mischief other than seizing upon the persons of Lieutenant Colonel Don Antonio de Mello of the 2d, or Queen's Lancers, who, not being aware of the emeuie, was on his way to his residence, in a close chaise, and sent him to the guard-house of the revolted Municipal Guard, from whence he managed to escape and get safely off to his regiment, and the deputy M. Gomez de Castro, late of the Treasury, who was penned up for a short time : they also took away the horse on which the officer of the night, the Major of the 17th regiment, was going on his rounds. M. Rio Tinto, the proprietor of the Nacional journal, on a re turn from a visit, was stopped in a chaise, near the mili tary arsenal, but on being known was permitted to de part. He has, however, taken fright, and has concealed himself. " The Titulos, and all other Government securities, have remained firm. " DECREE. " Donna Maria, by the grace of God and the con stitution of the monarchy, Queen of Portugal and the • Algarves, &c.—We make known to ail our subjects that the General Cortes have decreed, and we sanction the following law : " Art. 1. That the guarantees of the liberty of the Press, the inviolability of the house of the citizen, the prohibition of arrest without proved charges and judg ments preferred by the ordinary tribunals, and the ante rior laws expressed in the articles 13, 16, 17, and 18, of the Constitution of the monarchy, be suspended throughout the kingdom for the space of one month from the publication of the present law. " Art. 2. That those implicated in the rebellion of the night of the 1 Ith to the 12th of the current month in the city of Lisbon, and those who for the future may commit crimes of a similar nature in any part of the kingdom, be judged by a special tribunal. " Sec. 1. This tribunal to be composed of six mem bers, of which there shall be one Captain, one Major, and one Lieutenant-Colonel or Colonel of the army, and the other three Magistrates of the district where the crime may be committed. " The President, with a vote, to be a general officer. Besides these effective members there shall be an extra number of each of these classes, as may be found ne cessary. " ' Sec. 2. That all the Members of the tribunal, effective as well as provisional, be forthwith nominated by the Government. _ " ' Sec. 3. The process to be as in courts martial. " ' Sec. 4. From the sentences passed in this Tribu nal there shall be an appeal to the Supreme Military Council of Justice. " Art. 3. That the publication of all periodical papers be prohibited for the space of one month. " Literary periodicals—the Diario dos Cortes, and the Diario do Govern() are excepted. Art. 4. The Government to render an account to the Cortes, by documentary report of the use they have made of the powers invested in them by this law, as soon as the time marked in the first article of the pre sent law be completed. ". Art. 5. That all laws to the contrary be suspend ed. We order, therefore, all the authorities to whom the knowledge of this referred-to law belongs, that they comply with and keep, and caused to be complied with and kept, all and everything therein contained. The Ministers and Secretaries of State of each department will cause the same to be printed, published, and dis tributed.' " Done in the palace of Cintra, this 14th day o, August, 1840. "The QUEEN. " Conde de BOMFIN. "RODRIGO da FONCECA MAGALHAES. "ANTONIO BERNARDO da COSTA CABRAL. " FLORIDO RODRIGUES PEREIRO FERRAZ." (From the Dialio do Governo of Friday, Aug. 14.) " FIRST MILITARY DISTRICT, HEAD-QUARTERS, RUA DE SAN BENTO, AUGUST 16,1840. " ORDER or DIVISION. " His Excellency Lieutenant-General Visconde de Villa Nova de Gaia (General Sir Thomas William Stubbs), Commandant, ad interim, of the First Mili tary District, commands, for the information of the corps of this garrison, and those more immediately under his command, the following order relative to the occurrences which took place on the night of the 11th inst., to be published : SPECIAL ORDER. " Officers, Subalterns, and Soldiers of the Garrison of Lisbon. Comrades—lamenting that the delirium of factious men in perpetrating the most criminal attempt to introduce anarchy in the capital, should have taken place by the movement of the night of the 1 lth inst., I cannot but manifest to you my full satisfaction for the brave, faithful, and truly military manner in which the whole of the garrison behaved under these important cir cumstances ; already has Lisbon owed to your efforts and discipline its safety. More than once has the glory of rooting out anarchy been assigned to you ; but your con duct, so firm, decided and brave, as well subordinate on that night, undeceiving the agitators who attempted to seduce you, will finally destroy criminal factions ; show ing that infallible in your fidelity, and identified with the laws of military discipline, you will be at all times, and under all circumstances, as ready to fly to arms in the defence of your country, as well as for the mainte nance of order, being the supporters of the Queen, the constitution, the tranquillity and the safety of unarmed citizens. " ' Commanders of Corps,—l congratulate myself with you for the state of discipline and subordinatio n of the corps under your command, to whose officers, subal terns, and soldiers you will transmit in my name the praise they merit. " VISCOUNT DE VILLA NOVA DA GAIA. " Head-quarters, Rua de San Bento, Aug. 13.' (Supplement to the Diario do Govern°, No. 190 ) LISBON, AL'G. It. " The capital was yesterday the theatre of a great attempt. About ten o'clock at night a few seditious persons, who had succeeded in deluding and taking with them some soldiers of the Municipal Guard be longing to the company at the Travessa dos Ladroes, broke out in anarchial exclamations and vociferations against the Government ; and after having performed several acts of excess and violence, which they repeated in their transit thence to the army ar senal, where, surprising the guard, they broke open the doors, and took some arms and accoutrements. The troops of the line, who sallied forth from different parts, surrounded on all sides the revolters, who had, instead of sympathy, met with general indignation. They were in a short time disarmed and dispersed, 30 remaining prisoners, who seemed to have taken a most active part in this seditious movement, the perturbators not exceed ing 300 in number. All the troops of the garrison, from the Commander to the lowest soldier, manifested the most noble sentiments of love and respect to the Queen, and to the fundamental laws of the State. The inhabitants of the capital and the nation in general owe to this brave garrison the most eminent services for having delivered them by their firmness and their discipline from the scenes of horror by which an archy is always accompanied. No individual who has any pretensions to consideration was seen among the revolters ; notwithstanding, there is no doubt these insensate people were, in general, the miser able instruments of perverse instigation. When will all classes of people be undeceived, and be aware that they are the victims of revolution and disorder, which arc only the vain speculation of few to the sacri fice of many ? Before three o'clock in the morning all wasquiet,mpiet and the capital in perfe c t tran quillity.it is not only in Portugal that p u bli c spirit resists the attempts of revolutionary pretensions. co Happily, ely In Spain, where the occurrences of Barcelona seemed so much to favour the spirit of turbulence and subver sion, peace has been established. By the post of to day, with news from Barcelona up to the 3d instant, and from Madrid up to the 7th, we learn, that neither in one city nor the other anything notable bad taken place to disturb public order. " Their Majesties and Royal Highnesses were at Barcelona in the enjoyment of good health, awaiting THE SUN, LOVDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 24, MO there the arrival of the new Ministers', wi:t; had left V licncia on the 4th instant." WEST INDIA MAIL. _ By the Braganza steamer, which arrived at Falmouth on Saturday with the Peninsular mails, we have re ceived letters from Lisbon ; her dates of departure being from Gibraltar the 13th, Cadiz the 14th, Lisbon the 17th, Oporto the 18th, and Vigo the 19th inst. In the course of Friday and Saturday there also ar rived at Falmouth her Majesty's packets Spey, Lieute nant James, from the Brazils; the Tyrian, Lieutenant Crocker, from Mexico ; and the Muline, Lieutenant Pawle, from the West Indies. The first sailed from Rio de Janeiro on the 2lst of June, Bahia the Ist, and Pernambuco the Bth of July ; and consequently brings only five days' later intelli gence f rom t h e cap i ta l t h an has been received via New York, during which brief inter val nothing appears to have occurred worthy of particular notice ; the accounts from the different refractory provinces continuing to be represented as very favourable to the Imperialists, especially from Maranhams where, through the energetic and successful attacks of the Government troops on the iebels, order had been well nigh perfectly re-established. The latest quotation of exchange at Rio prior to the Spey's departure was 301, and the local 6 per cent. stock 77i to 78. This packet has on freight about 12,0001. The 7:9rian, from Mexico, sailed from Vera Cruz on the 7th of July, and Havannah the 2.2 d, bringing 350,000 dollars on freight. T he accounts also re ceived by this arrival from the Republic present nothing new, principally adverting to and confirming the sur render of Campeachy to the Federalists on the 4th of June, and of the whole of the province of Yucatan being in their hands. At Vera Cruz trade continued very dead—indeed, more so than bad ever been re membered. The illutine's dates from the West Indies are, from St. Thomas's the 22d, Porto Rico the 23c, and Cape Haytien the 27th of July, with a freight equal to 20,000/. sterling. DESPERATE CONFLICT WITH PIRATES. The following is from a Sydney paper of the 22d April.— " We been kindly favoured with the following ac count of the capture by pirates of two boats and crew belonging to the barque Mary, whaler, of London : " DEC. 29, 9 A.M.—Descried a barque in the offing, standing in for Ampanmaw Roads, firing guns at inter vals ; the wind light ; made little progress until one P.M. On getting on board about half-past 3 P.M., found her to be the .2Wary, whaler, of London, Captain Blossie. The mate informed us that the captain, doc tor, second and third mates, carpenter and mate, cooper and mate, and six of the crew, had gone on shore at North Island, and were captured by pirates, and sup posed them all to be murdered. The carpenter's mate, who made his escape, swam off to the ship. One of the crew who had escaped was followed and recap tured, and immediately put to death. At 4 o'clock P.M. discovered a whale boat. It proved to be one of the Mary's boats, with the third mate, cooper and mate of the crew bringing the happy news of the safety of the captain, doctor, and rest of the crew, with a note from Captain Blosse (written with burnt wood) for 50 muskets and six kegs of powder, which the pirates had agreed to accept as a ransom for himself and fellow prisoners. Captain King, a resident at Lambock, came off in a canoe ; and after a short consultation came to the determination of arming the Marv, and proceeding to their immediate re,cue, getting two long six pounders from the Hero, with Captain Smith and five men, also three twelve pound cannonades and small arms from the Whitby. All being ready, we weighed anchor at half-past ten P.M. of the 30th, and lowered the whale boat with the crew liberated by the pirates, with the ransom demanded, and sent her through the inner channel, and saw them receiving the ransom from the boat. The schooner with the Dutch flag making her appearance frightened them ; they then allowed the captain, doctor, and the crew to go into the boat ; when we got them safe on board we commenced with our long guns ; being becalmed they were soon out of range ; night comi ng on th ey escape d , b ut Cap tain King knowing their haunts made for their islands, and commenced a heavy fire upon them ; we saw several drop. I think about 12 of the pirates were killed." EVACUATION OF ST. SEBASTIAN BY THE BRITISH FORCES. PORTSMOUTH, AUG. 22.—The entire evacuation of St. Sebastian, by the British Royal Artillery, Sappers and Miners, so long employed in that quarter, has at length taken place; and the evacuation of the same position by the Royal Marine Battalion and Marine Ar tillery, is in fast progress. The Alban steamer arrived on Thursday from St Sebastian, which she left on Sun day last with the following detachments, viz. :-115 non-commissioned oftcers and men, five women and eight children of the Royal Artillery, 19 non-commis sioned officers and men, three women and children of the Sappers and Miners, and 50 non-commissioned officers and men of the Royal Marine Artillery. The following are the names of the officers who have returned to England in charge of these detachments .—Lieutenant- Colonel Sir F. G. Lee, Royal Marines ; Lieutenant- Colonel J. N. Colquhoun, Captain R, Garstin, Lieut. J. Cater, Lieut. C. Young, Lieut. H. Ross, and Lieut. F. Ward, Royal Artillery ; Lieut. Vicars and Lieut. Burmester, Royal Engineers ; and Lieutenants Clap perton, Tait, and Savage, of the Royal Marine Ar• tillery. _ _ _ Tile /Etna, with 130 tons of ordnance stores, was towed round from St. Sebastian, on the 16th instant, to mx ph Passages, eocart by thethe MarineCn rn e Battalion, Comet steamer, and sail there ina f e t w o the Alban. A n or d nance hoy was hourly St. Sebasti an f or the remainder of the dayseeembark edra t 2 00 of stores, where Captain Castieu, with ten men of the Marine Artillery, remained to embark them. The de tachment of the Marine Artillery brought home in the Alban has disembarked and joined the head-quarters in this garrison. The detachments of Royal Artillery and Sappers and Miners prtceeded in the Alban to Woolwich on Thursday. It is understood that the North Star, with the broad pennant of Lord John Hay, and the other vessels under his Lordship's command, will return to England as soon as the remainder of the British forces employed on the shore had quitted the North Coast of Spain. The Saiamander, steam frigate, arrived also on Thurs day, from St. Sebastian, with another detachment of the Marine Battalion, having landed part of them at Ply mouth, and disembarked the remainder, 100 men, at this port, to join headquarters. The Salamander re turned to St. Sebastian yesterday, to bring another por tion of the battalion to England, of which 400 remain. FINSBURY ELECTION. We understand that Mr. Duncombe, M.P., has ad dressed a letter to the Committee of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, complaining. of Mr. William Tooke having exercised his influence as trea surer of that Society to induce certain tr a d esmen to pledge themselves in writing to give him their votes at the next election for the borough of Finsbury ; an d lotolrionik.tioe,tdin, forward but consequen ce of the solemn denial of the truth of Mr. Duncombe's charges on the par t of Mr . T ooke , the chairmen, Lord Brougham , has appointed the following gentlemen to compose a sub - committee to investigate the matter, viz., the Hon. J. Wrottesley, G. C. Lewis, i this interest te investigationr has es t bterminated is Esq., and S. Duckworth, Esq., late M.P. for Leinster. W e are no awaret we o hear with the result t y: t l i whether her the inquiry o considerabley the in dependent constituency of Finsbury. rip HE ANTI.SLAVERY SUGAR COM PANY, for the CULTIVATION OF SUGAR, &c., by FREE-LABOUR in BRITISH INDIA. First Capital, £250,000, in 25,000 Shares of £lO each. Deposit, per Share. (Farther series of Shares to be issued as the success of the Company, and the consequent increased demand, may render necessary ; which Shares shall be offered at par to the original Shareholders, who shall have the option of thus taking them, or participating in the premiums they may produce.) To be Empowered, and the responsibility limited, by Royal Charter or Act of Parliament. YROVISIONAL DIRECTORS, With power to add to their number. John Anderson, Esq., C. S., late Secretary to the Government at Penang. Major Adair, 11. E. I. C. S. Lieut.-Colonel Browne, late 98th Foot. George Bell, Esq., Fenchurch-street. William Knott, Esq., Gracechurch-street. Captain M‘Doug,all, 'late Deputy Commissary-General, Bengal. G. Macintosh, Esq., 27, Upper Seymour. street, late of Bengal. Peter Morrison, Esq., Princes-street, Bank. Alexander Oswald, Esq. W. Sloane, Esq., Wimpole-street, late of Bengal. LOCAL DIRECTOR IN INDIA. T. Pott'nger, Esq. formerly on the staff of the Commander in-Chief. SUPERINTENDENT IN INDIA. F. G. Faltor, Esq., late sugar planter, Bengal and Ceylon. BROKER TO TILE COMPANY. Mr. John Taylor, 11, Mincing-lane. JOINT SOLICITORS. Messrs. Wilkinson and Page, Guildhall-row, E. M. Elderton, Esq., 40, Queen-square. GENERAL SECRETARY Josiah Conder, Esq., :llember of the Committee of the Anti- Slavery Society. SECRETARY TO TILE TRADE. David Morse, Esq., City Chronicle, and Tea Dealers' Journal Office, Cullum-street. TEMPORARY MANAGER AND PARLIAMENTARY AGENT. W. S. Northhcuse, Esq., 4, Parliament street. BA 3iKE KS. Messrs. Drewett and Fowler, Princes-street. Messrs. Turning, Strand. It can be proved that the profits of cultivating Sugar in India, by the employment of the Hill Coolies in their own country, instead of transporting them to the Mauritius, or other 13ritish colonies, wilt be newly cent. per cent., while the adoption of the system ea a large scale will tend more to the abolition of slavery, both open and covert, than any other practical plan yet adopted. The Shares are made of small amount, in order that the greatest possible number of the Grocers especially may be able to possess them, and thus be interested in the sale of Sugar produced by free-labour. Prospectuses, with Estimates and the names of the Directors, and any further particulars, may be had on application to either of the Secretaries or the Solicitars. Now ready, in 2 vols. Bvo. b oun d, w ith numerous 111..:strations, T HE THAMES AND ITS TRIBUTA RIES. By CHARLES MACKAY, Esq. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street, Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty. LTIS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA having AUTHORISED and GUA RANTEED several DISTRIBUTIONS of MONEY DIVIDENDS, which (though they are NO LOTTERIES) affer many possibilities of obtaining LARGE FORTUNES. HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH, Are now SELLING BONDS for the said DISTRIBU TIONS. Persons desirous to purchase for one of the neat Distributions, may receive, PREVIOUS to giving any order, the PROS ---)F:CTUS and PARTICULARS, upon addressing WITH /UT DELAY, a line to HEINE, BROTHERS, at H.AAIBURGH. THE NEXT DISTRIBUTION contains SEVEN HUNDRED DIVIDENDS, Amounting to £72,170, The Dividends being .7:25,000 £BOO £l5O £lOO £7O 5,000 600 120 90 60 1,500 400 110 80 50 1,000 200 AND THE FOLLOWING DISTRIBUTION contains TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED DIVIDENDS, Amounting to £954,888, The Dividends being £15,000 £6OO £7O 0 £37 10 7,500 300 50 0 37 0 3,800 200 42 0 36 0 1,800 150 4u 10 35 0 1,200 1 00 39 0 HEINE, BROTHERS, ha v i ng „ remitted, during a short ;ime, 1•,000/., 9,0001.. 5,000/., 3,600/., &c. &c. &c., to Lon don; 3,6001., 8001., 7001., to Edinburgh; 3,6001. to Dublin ; 3,6001. to Beverley; 3,600/. to Halifax ( Yorkshire); 1,2001. to Portleaven Harbour; 900/., 600 t., to Liverpool; 900/. to Newcastle- upon- Tyne ; 900/. to Hull ; 900/., 6001., to Man chester ; 6001. to Bideford; 6001. to Cork ; 600/. to Bradford ; 'hey shall feel glad to remit many Dividends of the said Dis tribution: to England, Ireland, and. Scotland. The Bones (which are no Lottery Tickets) can be cashed at every Banker's connected with Germany in every mercantile place in the world. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Sixth Week of Haines' "Jane of the Hatchet." The extra ordinary success of this gorgeous Spectacle is beyond con ception. Upwards of 75,000 persons have already witnessed the grand Tableaux traction and military evolutions of the hundred Female Warriors. Revival of "My Poll and My Partner Joe. THIS EVENING, AUG. 24. Will be acted a Grand Historical Spectacle, of unequalled splen• dour, entitled JANE OF THE HATCHET. Supported by the entire strength of the Company, and One Hundred Female Warriors. After which, the Comic Drama of A DAY AFTER THE FAIR. To conclude with the Nautical Drama of MY POLL AND MY PARTNER JOE. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. A NEW GRAND OVERTURE by FERDINAND RIES TENTH WEEK, and CONTINUED BRILLIANT Sb`C CESS of BEETHOVEN'S BATTLE SINFONIA, — With its novel and effective Introductions !! GRAND PROMENADES MUSICALES ET CHAMPETRES, By Godfrey's unrivalled Band. EVERY MONDAY, TUESDAY, and THURSDAY. Prograrne of the Concert for August 24th, 25th, and 27th THE LATE EARL OF DURHAM. erecting a -----..-- On Th urs d ay at noon a public meeting of the f r i en d s and ad m i rers of the late Ear l o f D ur h am was h eld at the A ssem b ly Rooms, Newcast l e - upon -T yne , f or the purpose o f ta ki ng into cons id era tion the prop r i ety of of th a t d eceased nobleman ; the Ri g h t W ors hipf u l John I\l Carr, E sq., M ayor of , wc astle, in the Chair. The p p r u e b se i r c , m whoon un p leuntt to perpetuate the me mory great bulk o f t h e meeting, w hich was numerous and highly resp ecta bl e, cons i ste d of gentlemen professi ng Liberal op i n i ons. There were a l s o several Of the Con servatives present c, their names as sub scribers. The Ch a i rman having briefly o p e ned the business of the m ee ti ng, M r, Ord, my., a fter an able speech, in which he referred to the Earl of Durham as a statesman of the first order, and which at times was very warmly applauded, submitted the following motion, viz.:— " That the distinguished services rendered to his country by the late John George Lambton, Earl of Durham, as an honest, able, and patriotic statesman, and as the enlightened and liberal friend to the improve ment of the people in morals, education, and scientific unc easing exercise of the m ost act i ve benevolence, and o f t h e o ther priv a t e acquirements combined with his virtues which adorned his character, render it the sacred duty of his fellow -countrymen to erect a public monu ment to perpetuate the memory of his services, his ta lents, and his virtues, and to act as an incitement to others t o f o ll ow his bright example ." The m ot i on was seconded by D r . H ea dlam, wh o ad verted b r i e fl y to the great enlightenmen t o f mind w hi c h distin gu i s h ed the late lamented E ar l , a f ac t h e cou ld safely s p ea k to, as he had known him fro m e a rly life. Mr. H utt, M.P., and Mr. Alderma n Potter, also addre sse d t h e meeting. The resolut i on was unani mously adopted. Th e su b s cription list was com menced by Mr. Ord putting down 501., Mr. Alderman Potter and several other gentlemen being subscriber s for 251. The aggregate subscription before the com pany separated was about 50/. It is proper to observe, however, that both at Sunderland and Durham, as well as South Shields, and some other places, subscription s l hare been opened ; and it is a moral certainty that a very considerabl e sum will be raised wherewith to erect a durable and honourable memento to the memory of the deceased and much-lamented nobleman. i ..0., "..‘,. Ges,•;.sl -- -4 , c," (~Fis r - •,, 4.s:' , ~ ..., „,, ) ...Tr. ~ `sue .4'',-; ',,_ 2,4so,Vss,\- '.. ti.li,:\ :-:':(f.` '., 4-•••• - 'i.el9.:, . ..., z1 („:„.,,,,, -J....,'. ~,,.,trPI W , t_ -ZSAZ.:-.fr- 4.' " 0 ',. (at ‘23in. LONDON: MONDAY, AUGUST 24, 1840. The letter from Manchester, headed " A Sample of our Labourers," will convey to our readers a clear idea of the condition of the masses. TIMOTHY MURPHY'S is the individual case ; there are, says the Editor of the Carlisle Patriot, speaking only of that city and neighbourhood, " thousands of our fellow-citizens living amongst us in a state of misery and destitution," like TIMOTHY MURPHY. ‘‘ The depth of misery to which the weaving popu lation is reduced, is absolutely appalling." Not withstanding this accumulated distress, " the ex cellent conduct of the weavers is," says the same Journal, a " moral phenomenon." Both their ur gent distress, and good conduct, recommend them to public consideration. We cannot appeal, at present, to the selfishness of the public, or we might show, by not a few examples, that a population in such a state of misery, wanting all the means of cleanliness and health, is an ever-fertile source of contagion, con taminating the sweet air, and spreading cholera and fever, disease and premature death throughout the land. W e might also prove by several facts, that suffering such misery makes men reckless while be holding and becoming familiar with it, blunts all the finer sensibilities, and that both rich and poor become more inimical to each other, and more careless of inflicting pain, if not ready to inflict it. We might easily prove, then, though the rich may fancy that their wealth secures them against such calamities as those suffered by the poor, that they have a common interest with the suffering masses, w►th whom it never can go ill but the others will feel it. 'We must, however, on this occasion forego the task, and content ourselves with recommending th e subject to our readers' attention. The dreadful accident on the Eastern Counties Railway, the great extent and great utility of rail• ways, and the almost impossibility of travelling by any other conveyance where they exist,—the chances, therefore, of many similar accidents oc curring-, justly attract much attention to the sub ject. On some of the railways a hundred passengers, and frequently more, embark in one train. They are fastened into the carriages ; they have as little means of leaving the train after it is once set in motion till it stops as a man has of swim ming away from a ship at sea ; they have no means of communicating with the engine -driver, who, sitting enthroned amidst the hubbub he excites and controls, can hear nothing, and can only be communicated with by the attend ant guards. The passengers are far more at the entire mercy of the engine-driver than are the passengers of a steam-vessel at the mercy of the captain: Him they can see, him they can speak with, him they can consult, but the engine driver has all their lives in his hands, and they have no means of even seeing him. He is a perfect stranger to them, and they have not even the gua rantee of an honest countenance for the immense trust they place in his hands. It is said with great truth that his own life is in jeopardy, and that he can scarcely expose the pas sengers to the slightest risk without rendering him self liable to a most painful death. At the same time there are many fool-hardy, vain, or ignorant persons to whose care we IN OLi not like to trust our lives, though they might presumptuously risk their own. It is not every captain of a ship we would go to sea with, though he could no more escape from the wreck his ignorance or wilfulness might cause than any of his passengers. It is therefore incumbent on the Directors, or head engineers, or the Inspectors, and on all who are con cerned with the railways, and especially on the Directors, to provide proper and suitable men for the high and responsible station—for so we may call it, when hundreds of lives are placed in their keeping—of engine -drivers. We do not know what wages these persons receive; but they belong to the class of working engineers, and probably they do not get more than 2/. or 3/. a week. We see by the inquest that a foreman, who had forty men at work under him, gets only 21. a week. Now, one of the reasons always assigned, and justly assigned, for paying lawyers and physi cians largely, is the great trust reposed in them ; and the same reason applies with much more force to the engine -drivers, into whose hands so many lives are entrusted, than physicians and lawyers. The public ought, therefore, to insist on the Di rectors paying these people handsomely, so as to make it worth while for respectable men to educate their children to fill the situation. The public ought also to insist on the Directors being very careful as to whom they appoint, and the Directors should, in future, compel every candidate to go through a preparatory training. Now, as the public must operate on the Directors in a great measure through the Legislature, and the Legislature has already meddled with railways, it becomes the business of the Legislature to prescribe suitable wages and a suitable education for these workmen. The Directors may also be operated on by the public as jurors, who should levy heavy deodands on the engines and the carriages whenever an accident occurs which is proved to arise from any negligence on their part, or on the parts of any of their servants, for whom they are and ought to be responsible. To give the public confidence in railways, without which they will fail as commercial speculations, no precautions of the kind ought to be neglected ; and it is equally the interest of the shareholders and the duty of the Legislature to prescribe and enforce them. We need not say that we are not the opponents of rail ' ways ; we have steadily done all in our power to promote them ; we still regard them as amongst the most valuable and important improvements of modern times ; and we are anxious to make them safe, and give the public confidence in them, which can only be done by placing respectable men in the situation of engine -drivers, and giving them a handsome salary. Within the recollection of this generation the drivers of stage coaches were not very respectable, but now there is no more careful, orderly, and re spectable men to be met with. How was this change brought about ? Why, the public forsook the coaches which were carelessly driven, and when accidents occurred the proprietors were made to pay for the negligence of their servants. It was soon found that it was for the interest of all parties to have a better class of men for stage-coachmen, but the trust reposed in a stage coachman, watched over by the passenger on the box, and passengers behind him, is nothing to the trust reposed in the engine -driver. We know no. thing whatever of these individuals, but we know that their place is one of such responsibility that !oo many precautions cannot be taken to ensure the services of trustworthy men. Let us add, that the rapid increase of railways must make the services of this class of men much in demand. Upwards of 540 miles of railway have been opened since the commencement of the present year. Every day, almost, increases the extent, and it is supposed that upwards of 200 miles more will he opened in two months. The Directors, therefore, should immediately set about drilling persons for the office, and perhaps, while they pay them ade quately, should take some kind of bond for the care ful performance of the duty. On turning to the debates in the French Cham bers on the Eastern question in January last, we are surprised to find the present isolation of France predicted in the speeches of every one of the leaders of the Royalist party. M. BERRYER, the Duke DE NOAILLES, the Duke DE VALMY, and M. DE LAMARTINE, all distinctly traced the mis taken policy which the Government would pursue, and the.consequent weakening of the English alliance. These predictions were despised by the Govern ment, ridiculed by the press on both sides of the Channel, and laughed at by the public. Except the Royalists, no person, either in France or Eng. land, then so much as imagined that a serious diffe rence between the policy of the liberal Governments of these countries on the Eastern question was pos sible. France having solemnly pledged herself to maintain inviolate, in conjunction with the other Powers, the integrity of the Ottoman empire, and it being known to all the world that England could not suffer Russia to approach Constantinople, without inflicting a mortal wound on the com mercial prosperity of the United Kingdom, no sufficient ground for a serious difference of opinion between the Cabinets of London and Paris was discovered by the bulk of the people or the press of either country. The lovers of peace boldly main tained that the days were for ever gone, when an unintentional slight offered to a King's mistress, the neglect of a Royal favourite, or the caprice of an Ambassador were adequate causes for disturbing the peace of the world. Recent events indicate the prematurity of such views• Even in France the impression gains ground that the English alliance has been endangered rather to revenge a supposed slight offered to the President of the Council, than to resent any indignity of which the nation has cause to complain. To heal the wounded amour propre of M. TRIERS, all France resounds from north to south with the din of arms. Such an excess of self-love in a Minister is deplorable ; but it is more deplorable still to find a nation so FIRST PART. Overture—Le Gazza Ladra. Quadrille—The Cavaliers. Fantasia sur les Motifs de Luccia de Lammermoor. Waltz— Woronzow. Quadrille—Le Marriage (first time). Mazourka —La Gitana. Overtute and Marche Triomphale, composed for the Musical Festival at Cologne, in 1832, by Ferdinand Ries (first performance in this country. SECOND FART. BEETHOVEN'S GRAND BATTLE SINFONIA, By the augmented Band, with instruments of novel construc tion, and 340 rounds of artillery and musketry, giving the most vivid realization of the events of the Battle of Vittoria. Overture—Das Nacthlajer in Grenada. Grand Selection from Robert le Diable. Waltz—Freuden Grusse. Quadrille—La Reine Victoria. fhe vast Panorama al Fresco of Iceland and its Volcanoes, by Danson--Breaking up of the Ice—Melting of the Snows— Release and Departure of the Discovery Ship. Carter's astonishing " Koniaphostic," or "Lime Light. Eruption of Mount Hecla, &c. ADMISSION ONE SHILLING. Feeding Hour of the Carnivora, Five o'Clock. Concert commences at Six. HUNDREDTH ERUPTION OF HECL A ! !, THURSDAY, AUGUST 27. The Hundredth Representation of this extraordinary Spec- tacle, will be celebrated by a display of great additional splen- dour, and the BOYS of the ROYAL MILITARY SCHOOL will pay their ANNUAL VISIT to the Gardens, accompanied by their Juvenile Military Band. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW. orwng .1 minutes after ^ I Evening 52 minutes after fl. ----=- i he Publication of the Evening Edition of THE SUN COM. menced at 20 minutes after Three. R. VPAN MG ED ITI ON. enlightened as France ready to sacrifice to null" - dual gratification the lives of thousands and th e peace of the world. The Royalist Duke DEVALMY, has favoured the French public with a somewhat long, but exceedingly` clever expositicn of the entire conduct of the French Cabinet on the Eastern question, a translatioO which will be found in another part of The Sil l ' Though coining from a suspected source, it s tates facts with great clearness, and will well repaY t he trouble of an attentive perusal. The Duke demon. s:rates unanswerably that France has herself only to blame for the state of isolation in which he r ;Ministers have placed her; and that the condu c t of England has been straightforward, consistent' and in perf e ct h armon y w i t h th e t rue interests of Western Europe. With the Noble Deputy's s u g : gestions as t o th e course b y w hi c h F rance may Y et retrieve the errors of her policy, we have here 14 ; thing to do. W e id en tif y ourse l ves w i t h none (3 the Noble Duke's speculations or opinions. ti~ hat is of importance in our eyes is the chain of facie he which he adduces, and the facility with which 1 ' unravels the intric a t e we b o f F renc h po licy in 90 that relates to Turkey and Egypt. That some step may be quickly taken, by w hich not only war will be prevented, but all popular a l ) ; prehension of such a calamity removed, is wha t most ardently desire. Already has the discuss i° 6 of the probability of su c h a cr i me b een produet i . h of heavy losses on the Bourse. The eagerness vilt d which the Paris Press seized upon a possible grG lin . of quarrel for exhuming long-buried calumnies in' vented to foster a hat re d o f E ng l an d i n t h e min as of the French p eo pl e , h as not b een una ttend ed with equally pernicious, though less obvious ° ll l sequences. But we wish to forget these s rie ground r complaint, which h a ppily yet oppose no ha rl s to a return to the most amicable rel sti r as with our powerf u l an d respecte d a ll y. F r ance yet time either to modify her policy, or to ass ti ; the dignified po s iti on o f an ump i re , on the Eas t ern question ; and that q uest i on di spose d of, th ere remains nothing to inter ru pt th e goo d un dersta nd ing which has prevailed between England I° j France for a period of twenty-five years' dial which, besides gr ea tly ex t en di ng t h e eomme rc n , interests of both, h as g i ven const i tut i ona l O ver i , ments to Portugal and Sp a i n , na ti ona lity t° ne tt gium, and, in spit e o f th e con fli ct o f opPe t of principles and pa s sions, ma i nta i ne d the Peac e Europe. Fran ce But while there i s ti me enoug h for ne to adopt an ami ca bl e course , there is none for further delib erat i on . Al rea d y have thl,s Austrian, Russi an , an d P russ i an r atificat 4 io of the Treaty of th e F our P owers arrived ht London, and in t en d a y s or a f o rtnig ht at the latest th e rat ifi cat i on o f t he Sou - a , Porte is expect e d, w h en t h e f orma li ty o f exch an ,l ing the ratifications will take place, to be fu licis ti , s immediately by the presentation of the SULT It mt ultimatum to the VICEROY. If MEHEm EI bat refuse to accept it, t h e i mpress i on at present's ttlie England, Austria, and Russia, will blockade " o g coast of Syria, and invite the Syrians to throwiere the Egyptian y o k e . I t i s not i nten d e d to inte r er , with the commerce o f S yr i a or Egypt, se . that .,,, ni t ioll chantmen of all na ti ons w ill su ff er no imerr.t do in their traffic with th ese coun t r i es . Th . e ;a bl :f cic : n y will amount to no more t h an t h e p r evention the co-operation of MEHEMET ALI' S flee t w I What army of IBRAHIM PACHA in Syrta' ho f course will be taken t o p reve nt the tn arc i, g o IBRAHIM upon C ons t ant i nop l e h as no t yet indicated to the public; but we trust the defell— of the Turkish ca pi ta l i s not to b e comm i tte d 1n the Russian troops now encamped on the shores the Black Sea. England cannot be so insane ° to suffer a Russian military force to encamp, under any pretext, o n th e s h ores o f t h e Bosphorus. Suer an event would defeat the very object which E 9g : land had i n v i ew i n propos i ng the Quadruple Treaty. To the middle classes,—the Shopacracy and the National G uar d s of France--we recommend ih attentive perusal o f th e f o ll owing summary . °f th e return just made to the H ouse o f C o mmons - ° P exports and imp or t s t o an d f rom F ranc e from ' 18 f to the close of 1839. It is from the Observer ben' yesterday, and on comparing it with the 011 ' e 0, 1 0 ments, which wou ld occupy more space . we can devote t o thi s su bj ect, we fi n d the lie m s 1 sv i correctly given. Th e b a l ance of comme rce' 1 face be seen, is completely in favour of France —'a the which, if well weighed on the other side 0f o , e Channel, may convince the French Press that of have less reason to be frightened on the s ii c° , r , e it it commercial losses than our neighbours. of is bor ne i n m i n d t h at, i n addition to the ills s 1 / 6 trade, France, in the event of a war, , ;- ti • stripped of all her colonies, it cannot fail to st every honest F renc h politician, that, in adv °c3 tio; peace, we are not influenced by selfish or cr v a no considerations. We detest war, not because 1 • 1 13) ,, land lacks power to carry it on against any e l e m s, but because it is a crime disgraceful to the e ivi' d, 11 I tion of the countries threatened by it, a nti ;ps fer rect attack upon the liberties of those countries, is the maintenance of which the peace of Eu r° ! P e t the only safe guarantee. We repeat, there 15 d if time for the adoption of pacific measures ; an the middle classes in France will only Well exani,: oo . the followin g summary o f commercial relation s s sisting bet ween t h e two countries, we ente rtain o f doubt of their ranging themselves on the side peace and amity with Great Britain :--- SO COMMERCE BETWEEN ENGLANm , FRANCE. (From the Observer of yesterday.) floes g A return has bee n p u bli s h e d b y or d er o f the, — * bleb of Commo ns , on th e mo ti on o f Si r Robert Pe''',...seo is w e ll wor th y th e most ser i ous attent i on at the P e jou r , moment, a whe n th ere are so many o f t h e Parisian tern n advocatin g a war with England on the , a n g ' ar ti question. This document i s a return of th e ` i rlir the from a n d th e exports to France, commencing' the year when the peace of Eu ro p e was esta blished " a defeat of Napoleon at W a t e rloo. This interes tiPg the important document will serve to show that. b Y.,,,e0 commercial relatio ns w hi c h h ave subs i ste d het 0, En gland and F rance now f or the last twenty -five A Y - . 4 0 b the prosperity o f t h e fatter has been promote -1 much greater degree than that of the former. , i f the It is shown by th ese d ocuments t h at t h e value r ed imports from France in 1816 was 417,783/. , w" e " in the year 1839 the estimate of the value 4,022,526/. It a pp ears , a l so , th at th e exports -r o b the Unit e d Ki ng d om t o F rance i n 1816 were 1,634,222/., and that in the last year theY, , e est 3,632,6531., b e i ng w ith one exce pti o n the 15 ;;1 0 6 amount of the shipments in any previous year, th e of the exports in 1838 exceeding that of 183 ' t io 250,0001. If we take the declared value of F ra nce and Irish produce and manufactur es exported to I ' l oo from 1815 to the close of 1839, we find that sn t ter former year it was 298,2921., and in the urea 2,298,3071. It appears, th ere f ore , f ro m these had that our neighbours across the channel ha ve of greatly the advantage over us in the trade during the period peace has continued e tween tl3, and that should, unfortunately that i r e e a tt i 4 be interrupted, France even in a cumin ' P. I United 1010 gt. of view must be greater sufferers than the dom. It may not be uninteresting to n otice a few those articles of import from France which have e l . 0 bited the most rapid augmentation. We find ths :', l a r 1814 the value of apples imported was 348/. ; l ast i fof increase be, it was 20,651/. On clocks, the increase in the v a ir e e in the imports, within the same period, has bee 41. to 1,417/. to 27,069/, ; in brimst one, from in 103,863/. ; in wheat, from 83,462 1. to 458,6151- Th° i 0 cotton manufactures, from 109/. to 41,700/. _ r y. crease in the importation of eggs is most extraordinpatio %e received from France 804,746 eggs' °than In 1815 s' official value of 2511., but last year not less,, c 6i, 90,834,163 eggs were imported, of the value of 28 c ;°1 - ' ase In the imports of hemp and flax we have an inom from 17,000/. to 148,000/. ; in artificial flowers 2,183/. to 20,993/ , and in g 1 lass from 4, 600/. to 30.0 u, i fs In human hair we e r an advance in the 'to rom 847/. to 3,063/. In gloves, front 1,320 pie !b° ,657,907 pairs in 1'324, and 1,007,889 in 1829'