The Sun. — London, England, 1857-08-18 00:00:00

•:, _ . di'? •Z __ • ./ 7 .\-: ';'_. - vr SIA P ER. . / - /1/. .... • 414 .2 : - P S-- . - - •. . 1 - - e ' . I • - , _ K' I • **St R4' •'. s . '•'. i r--f 't' '' ' ;'.s 7 . - o , *, aktt 4 ez ~ ) .. ' % TIM .INlii,i 8' ,1 1 ..1V;44 5 h, tt.r.. --1- 0 ? 4,7 r4 - j \ ~.? '.., ' 0. - UI •At , •, ' _ - e.y07.-_--.771 , --rf l / 4 , ,' • ' ''''l4l : ktf-' -rs =4, r> , i - 77. - 1 _ ---.__-_ • m , t s . cl l / 4 - xr a r i.. 4 t... „.:.., , 4.-t , '_ ~, , st , .-.,, ,••:- ~ , ~, 4 . \ N , ~.as, " t , -, R . ; r —' .--- g ' ,4 v , * ' ' , , ti1err. , : , ..t:....av \" 4l 1 i . ,- 41. 3 4 1 , , ~. 0 g i.,444 , A, ; 6 „A ,v, --y,,--. ‘1 ''''f . , ". . r.-A ' t 47 -- ,,,0t ' ; --- 1 -I' l'' ll l' SiL-i3- ' ~..2 ! I VS I' : ' ' .o3l:' , 1 1 1 i'' ' '' ' 0.- )ifl) \, j '' f:-‘'-'s t' , .• ' .• . rl. ~.....-------,' ''' ' -- .4, , , , ,• o. -. l "' . .., . --,. . 2 ....... › .„.„ ~. 86 A .. bed th , tt he urou her, On one 00- A/VONT BLAN C W ILL CLO r ON f!A , [:IMA' IG T, Aux. 2v.. , ! 1 : (Front the 7inics.) Our crrrespondent fr ,m Coina in yes ...a, ;-,tper a:dis, " Why is it that we are FO far from. ' home ? Why have we 9,000 miles between Eng ' land and her Eastern dominions untraver3ed by a telegraph ?" Lord PalmerAon forestalled on Fri day night this cry from the Antipodes. We are to have at last an Indian Telegraph. After the Pie latices remarks in the house. un Friday night, we may consider the Government Wedged to this work Out of the chaotic dross of Friday night's debate in which all conceivable questions were asked ou of time and place about everything in the four tihneagseonmereawlhirauldeifflevrheiucht light," Government GovernmenttheextractTelegraphpleasurethis would I e ready to pay for the use of a telegraphic line ei her by the Valley of the Euphrates or the from Red Sea. His expectations, however, were on the s:de of the Euphrates Valley Fne, which ." he be lieved would succeed." Both these proj-cted lines start alike from Alexandria aed cud at KurraThe_!, and only differ in the mpde of crossing the interven ing ground. Mr. Crawford preferred the hue by the Red Sea. By one roue pr ano lin., however, is, seems, we are to have now an Elecirie Telegraph to India. THE iNIUTIN'Y in INDIA A QUESTION c. A'CK.—A 'sew and most inter , s h ur. TA:care i 4 deb ,, c CTI the a ore subject eye ,- evcnlog at 8 o'clock, by Dr. Seaton., r• /I•ectures r. KAHN'S MINFITM, 4, Coventry,treet, ialcester-stpisr.- :re also delivf rf , d as f - .puws :--,lt 3 o'cl , ck, Dr. Kahn ol the Phliosr.uhv of M arria , z" and at 2 , rd 4 , I. y Dr. S , 7cton, o. ~ ArineDl Admisston,One Shilling.—The Museum i o ?ellfrona ten till ten. • her in any ;ime he was , en risort._-d in his at n no donq lortly atter onditiou of -educed her d him his 14 and the nything ; I old him he These were [ P RIG% 4D• TAMPED LONDON, T UESDAY EVENING, AUG UST 18, 187. NO. 20,3.) BANK OF DEPOSIT.—Th:s Company Iwy established in 1444, for the purpose of onenirg to public an easy and unquestionably se.; mode of investment, with a high and uniform rate of interest. Deros , t Account; may be (mama with sums of env amount, and increased from ilme to • pr,,vpni,nee of depositors. PUBLICATIO N S. REPORT OF THE COMMISSION FRS APPOINTED TO INQUIRE INTO THE PURCHASE OP COM MISSION'S IN THE ARMY.. sta!es, and_ whoe power therefore, depends upon rendering its army efficient in the highest degree by the s=•lec:ion of oftieen distinguishil for their per sonal qualities, and for their professional. acquire- a mode as may best suit their means, and are not brought together by a regimental mess. In the French army promotion is gained partly by seniority and partly by selection, until the officer* has reached the rank of chef.de bataillon : above this rank all further promotion is by selection. Selection is g over ned by the follow :mg regulations : —lnspectors general are appointed for every branch -ref the service ; they are specially named for this d.•;sty, and are not the officers who command. the district. Th - se inspectors receive a printed form of instruction before they commence their annual toor of inspection. When.an inst ec'or-general has inspected a regiar:aVe the commanding officer of the regiment presents to him a 10, of officers for pro motion ; r e e .•nspector-gea fil e ;amines these officers, a ' •••••• a those whim he considers most fit ; he repares a confidential report, and transm'e • the Minister of War. When all the inqiee P -1 re finisteed, the inspectors meet in com mitt. ievethe names in these several reports, and fibm amongst them prepare a list for the mini ster. " The miridater prom ;tea them in rotation, 'or not; 'as he thinks best. In connexion with this system, it must be observed that, accoieling to the rules of the service, retirement is compulsory. An exception is made in favour of general officers at the discretion of .the executive. A colonel must retire at 60 years of age ; a lieutenant-colonel at 58 ; a capta'n at 53 ; and a lieutenant at 52. If an officer retire before he has served for a period of thirty years, he is not waited. to any retiring pen sion ; and there is no syetetu of ha , f-pay, such as exi=ts in the British army. The 511 , 113 granted to officers, for retiring pensions, after 30 years' service; are—To a lieutenant-general, 4,000 f. a-year 3 • to a major-general, 3,000 f. do. ; to a colonel, 2,400 f. do. ; to a lieutenant-col,nel, I,Boof. do. ; to a chef de bataillon, 1,500 f. do. ; to a captain, 1,200 f. do. to a lieutenant, 800 f. do. Additional payments are allowed to those who have been wounded in the service, and those who are made members of the Lezion of Honour, who receive amounts varying from 250 to 2,000 francs a year. The _amount of the pension offers no inducement for an officer to retire ; an - I it is admitted that a large proportion of the c tpt tins and lieutenants in the French army are men advanced in years, who continue in the service until they reach the age when retirement is enforc'd by the r gulations. Officers who have ben promoted from the ranks are left in a similar position, since their education can seldom qualify them for farther advancement in competition with others who have been instructed at the military . college. The principle of selection enables the exe cutive government to secure able and euerge'ic men for the higher ranks, and for the command of regi ments. It should, moreover, be remembered that, during the existence of this military system, Algeria has afforded a wide field wherein to test the quali fications of offieers. We have referred to the regu- rITNENT 0) INTEREST. The interest is pays . iy, and for the conve nience of parties residinw at a distance may b. received at the Er..nch offices. or remitted through coon ry bankers. PETER MORRISON, 3 . Pall- m '4l East, London. Manacing Director. Forms for opening accounts, and further particulars, forwarded, post free, on ap lication. MRS. GORE'S NEW NOVEL T" TWO ARISTOCRACIES, Is now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols. In obedience to your Majesty's commands we hale entered up , n this inquiry, with a deep sense of the importance of the duty entrusted to us, and of the responsibility which attaches to its perform ance. The mode in which commiss i ons in the army. are first obtained, and the regulations which govern the promotion and the retirement of officers, are matters which affect the constitution of our whole military systm. Feeling, therefore, that a decision on this subject may influence for many years the efficiency of the British army,_ we have endeavoured to collect all the information io our power, as well from the labours of former commision.sii as from the evidence of witnesses acquainted with the prac ical working . of the system. _An investigation into the influence - which the purchase system has exer cised upon the efficiency of the army is rendered difficult froni the fact that long-established usage has so far accustomed officers to the practice, that few of our military witnesses have ever seriousiy contemplated any other system of entry or of pro motion in the army. From the earliest period of which there are any records of a standing army in !his country, the sale and purchase of commissions :n the army appear to have been authorised. At the time of V.e - Restoration a military guard was created to attend upon the Kiwi. This corps Con s.sted, in the first instance, of the followers and ad herents of Charles 11. ; of this corps, the privates as well as the officers were allowed, upon their retire ment from the service, to dispose of„thrir appoint ments, by sale, to persons who had blen previously approved by the King. The purchase of civil offices under the government was at that period openly recognised . ; the adoption of such a system in the army was therefore in unison with the custom of the public service. When she situation of Secretary . of State could not be obtained by an eminent states man, without the payment of 5,0001., it is not sur prising the mastership of the Ordnance should have been purchased ; and that high military commands should not be resigned without some pecuniary com pensation. In the year 1681, Charles the Second bought the command of . the regiment of guards from Colonel Russell, and bestowed it on his son, the Duke of Grafton, who had not, as it is stated, been in the army before he received this ap pointment.. The sale of commissions in the army was prohibited by William the Third ; and by the Mutiny Act of 1694 every officer was cornpe.lled to make oath that he had not given or promised to give any money or reward For his commission. In the Mu tiny Act of 1701 this oath was omitted. In 1711, a Royal warrant directed that no commissions should he sold without the Royal approbation under the sign manual. In the reign of George 1., a board of general officers reported upon the price which should hereafter he paid for commissions ; and, in aelnrdance with their recommendations, the egn litions of 1719 were issued. These regulations have heel) altered from time to time, as may be seen from a table in - the appendix to this report. The price of commissions in the army is at present governed by the r,golations issued by Royal Sntherity in the year 1821. The artillery and engineers have al ways lot 'Ned an exception to the rest of the army, &nco, in these corps, the system of sale and purchase has never been introduced. The mode of entry, until within the last two years, was through the Aca d,my at Woolwich ; and the Master-General of the Ordnance nominated to the academy. All subse quent promotion in these corps was strictly go verned by seniority. Latterly, a mode of entry by competitive examination has been adopted ; suffi cient time has not yet elapsed to enable an opinion t-- be rronounced upon its results, and it is stated that the syetem is yet to undergo some further modification. The Ordnance corps, in past years (that is, before the recent augmentation), will serve to illustrate the progress of promotion in regiments where no purchase is allowed, and where the rule of seni.irity is strictly observed. .e pliintifrA ate.; proved F, and hAd s. He is a ;ranzact ions '' who lives ide 4. I • , the plai se. It was my hoire. I met wit'a third Sue aloe'" a love with tw's 'how e. ne to speak of an equal would have . could mike ouse where rthe walk, Miss Wood,, it leaving to ;on veyance. her to listen' !he plaintiff me he was From the TIMES, Ang. 13: —" Mrs. Gore's new novel, ' The Two tristoc, acies,' Is a brilliant picture, in which the lards of trade are .oitipared with the lords of land. With that tertillty which never lesenerates. and thAt energy which Lever flags, she has, In The Iwo Aristocracies' produced a tale worthy of a place beside the e:st of her previous prodUctions." Hurst and Illackett, Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough-street. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. — Tourists' Tickets to North and cloath Wale', available fi r Twenty-eight Days, are now issued at the Padlington Station. Fares : Vs. and 50s. Further •Nar.ienlarq on wilt—tin , ro VArrryinv'q nrnens LADY FALKLAND'S NEW WORK 0:4 INDIA Now ready in 2 vols. Svc', with Illustrations, 30s. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. Family Tickots •o Weymouth. for periods extorting from a Fortnight to 'Puree Months, are now issur d at the Padden , ton Sta tion, at very reduced fares, particulars of which can be known on a Pplication at the Com any s Offices. Fi 0 C Being Selecthms from W - •II a Journa l kept in INDIA, &c. W; BY the Viscountess FALKLAND. " Lady Falkland's work may be read with int !rest and pleasure— md the reader, unless his Oriental attainments are bevrnd the common, will riso from the pausal instructed as well am amused." —Athetamum • Durst and Macke% Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough-street.. We need not say—because everybody will im mediately see—that this will be greatest change in, our relations with India that has taken pace since our possession of the Empire. We cannot calcula+ e its effects. When we think of it the prtsent is for gotten. Even the troubled present with which we are dealing is flung aside, as the merest temporary affair. Even Indian mutinies are not thought very much of as we look forward into this future. Science is more than liberal, she is prod gal in her assist ance to nr. It seems really as if it did not signify what difficulty we were in ; that she wool! get us out of it. No difficulty is: too great for her. It appears as if we could really afford to get into act apes, the resources of escape, repair, and reno vation, are so exuberant ; so that at the very bot tom of an adverse emergency, in the very depth of the crisis, and when our Indian reputation is for the moment prostrate, we inaugurate a new era for India, in which our hold over her will be ten times tighter than ever, and in which that Rnpire will be more in the relation of Ireland, or we might almost say an English county, to us than that of a distant continent. - Fortes fortuna juvat ;—if strength of will does its part, the chance discovery comes in and does the rest for us. • aREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. - _NA CHANNEL ISLANDS.—TiOets to Jersey and Ouernse , . " I tVeymnuth, are no v issued at the Padd'ngton Station, enabling to break the journey at Chippenham, Dorchester, 0. .W 13 9131011th: Fares, Bail and Boat : 31s. and 21s. Further psrtieulars can be obtained o application at the Con - Pany's Offices.. SIR JAMES ALEXANDER'S NEW WORK. Now ready, in 2 vull, with illustrations, 21s. P ASSAGES in the LIFE of A SOLDIER ; or, M ilitary Service in the East and West. liy Lieut.- .;olonel Sir JAMES E. ALEXA DER, K.C.L.S., &c. Hurst and 111ackett, Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough-sireet.l REAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- IsIP of Man, B ingor. Beanmaris, ant landudno. Ti ket , for Twenty-eight Days are now issued at the Paddington Station. Fares —Tsle of van, 60s. and 451.; Bangor, Beaum tris, and Man du 'nun, 70s. and 508 Tassengers may break the Journey at rhvter, and proceed to , ranch ster, the fare there and back being included in the above ares. Further particulars may be known on application at the Company's Ofllces. were going Id give hint (Laughter.). his rezts.on ; 3. it might: to him. ;reen to be id anything• Mir C Phis gentle-; left-them., ought me ie, which r be just the my wife to: Man for 3 0 7 could gek is he corn - , .ent his gO7, 1, however, ) see an nt ,rried before but he t document, defendant. Ve,. and am • 3t a Sunday g consulted license. ish, and be )th of ao'e• • allah Woo t' d• inquired if rat the Isle know of it,; 'ery serious those mat-• GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. 7TOURISTS' and SEA-SIDE F AINIIIX TICKETS. Tourists Tickets to Plymouth, ova lab'e for Three Weeks, are now issued at the Paddington Station, enabling passengers to stop a , • Clevelon. weaton-super.lVlare, Torquax, or Totr4ss; either going or returning. First class, £3 ifs ; second class, £2 10s. Tourists' 'Flags to Bideford, avai'able for three weeks, are now issued at tlve Paddington Station, allowing passengers to stop, tither going or returning, at Extler, Eggesford, Barnstaple, and Inston.— Fares, £3 10s. and £2 10s. Sea-side ramily Ticket. to Dawllsh, Teignmouth, and Torquay, are now issued at the Paddington Station, to parties of three per sons. -vailable for Twenty-eight Days. First class, £2 10s.; second class, 3542. These tickets are available by any train ; they are not transfers' le, 'ter do they entitle the holder to travel twits in the same direction over any p rtion of Os tines of railway. THE ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH. —Just published, by order of the Directo.s. pr ce Eighteen pence, A NARRATIVE," Historical and Descriptive, of the Geo r.tphical, Electrical and Mechanical Fcaturts of this great under taking ;* and of the scientific Appliances adopted for carrying out the work, with reasons for their adoption.—May be had on applica tion to Mr. George Sawar.l, the secretary of the Atlantic Tel-graph Company, 22. Old Broild street, London; Mes , rs. Smith and Sons, Arend; or may bo obtained through .any respectable bookseller, from the publishers, Messrs. Jarrold, St. Paul's Church-yard. On the Ist of August was published, price One Shilling. FEIST'S RACING RECORD. Edited by ALBER I' FEIST, ditor of the Turf Department of the " Sunday Times," and Re- C „ RENT WESTERN RAILWAY.- At the lest II &LE YE t RLY GENER tL MEETING of the Great Western Railway Company , held et the Company's 'Rice's, Bristol, on Friday, the 1 ith day of .naust, 1 5 57, The Hon. F i:E DER CK. G. B. PON - 40NBY in the Chair, the Report of the Directors (having been alrea4y circulated) was, 13 9 eesire of the Meeting, taken as read. Uron a resolution duly moved for the adoption of the said Report " e fOlowing amendment was proposed by Mr. William Matins, and seconded by Mr. John A. Edwards : Tea' so much of the Report as provides for the payment of a !' idigri of 14 per cent. be c mflrmed : but that the rewminder of eport, together with the accounts, be re c - red to a Committee °' Pre:aletors, with power to examine a'l hooks and docufnents , and to call for the services of the omelets in possession thereof an , i r' Port thereon at a , ipsei Veen ee ;R. to be convened by the three .t.co), s on their ree,uest to receive the same. rPcn the question being put on the amendment it wa -, negatived "P ° '' a show cf hands by a considerable majority of the Proprietors Present. It was then Resolved,— . That the Report of the Directors be received and adopted, as cinu tated among the Proprietors. Resolved, That a Dividend, at the rate of one per cent. per annum for th e ha That ending 30th .Tune last, be ordered to be paid on and after Ist Seatemb?r next, on tip. Consolidated stock of the Company, an en tho amount called up of the Great We tern (Windsor) Shares. esolyed , That the sum of 40,0001., referred to in the Report of the Director, received this day, be voted ety oh s Meeting for additional locomotive Plant required for the service of the Comp my. porter of Sporting Intelligence to the London Daily Papers. The Af , nthly parts may be obtained separately, price two-pence each. The neat part will be published on the Ist of September. Ad vertisements cannot be received liter than the 24th of August. W. Wright, sporting printer and publisher, Fuiwood's Rents, 1101 born. London. TheThtni K.l'ti so. .Tier P ihliahed, nric , , 53., by cost. free, 54. 6d ON TRUE FALSE SPERMATORRV:EA, NUL the c'ea , of. distinguishing the Imaginary from the peal SNerers under this disease, and Correcting of ride-spread Errors 1n elation to their Treatment and Care. Translated frona t - 1;e. German of Dr. PICKFORD. " Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his crequent prasti -4.1 contribution, to German medical liteiature. This it the first :m c, he inf , ,rnts as, that ho has addressed himself to the nen-roedl al reader. We trust this may not he the !act, if he shall ..leteet any ,:her drrunt ev;l which it may be' in hia power to cor ect." —Lon don lief - deal Gazette. "The tribe of Quiet SylllpEthisen, and ..!,ledlcal Frisnds,' aro mercilessly exposed; and if this book 3n1,1 and its way into the hands of thosa whs safT.:r from the corn tiaint of which it treats, we are satisfied that many hundreds would he ?aved much needless suffering of body and mind, and what is or lets Importance, though it is that which the quacks moat prize— inch money...... This volume is well qualitled to ;;nt an end to thc .apirteal srtem of treating Sperrnatorrhma, and to place the treat. -rent upon a more rational and phytiological basis. it is, therefore, tkely to do mach aand."—Maglical Circular. London: 11. Halltere, 219, Itegent-strc:t. lions of the Freuch army, becausethey appear to have beel adopte I as the basis of military organisa tion in other states, and, iudeeJ, if it should be de cided to abo'ish the system of purchase iu the Bri tish army, it will b 3 found indispensable to intro duce the two plinciples which give vigour to the French service, - namely, promotion by selection, and compulsory re'irement. 'A scheme for the abolition of purchase an I for the sub4titution of another system of army promo- occupation. FREDERICK . PO . NSONBY, Chairman. - V OR the SE's SIDE.—TRA.VELIirNG SUITS, it' with ('ap, complete, 21. IBs to Three Guineas ; tha Beaufort ('oat. 2/. 10s ; the new '-ummer Trousers, One Guinea ; Baden Waistcoats, Two far One Guinea. EX`IELLENCE WITH ECONOMY. GEOR3E HOBSON, 57, Lombard-street. help people ) get theta; A -r TANCHESTER GIIEA Trains from Lone on. Xiiip.,'s-Cross Station. Leave Arrival G 1.0 tun .7 30 „ 4 26 p.m. 9 30 ~ 10 0 ~ II 0 ~ 41. 1 45 rall• 6 30 ~ 8 46 „ ART TREASII*RES ►T NORTRE!t RAILWAY. 1 Tratrs Iron) Manche ter. London-road station. Leave Arrival NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That the Rooks of TIM t 0 DON - lINIADULTERATE o FOOD COMPANY (Limited) are Clo;ed for Twenty.one days from the date hereof, in conform'ty with the provisions of the Joint-Stock Companies Act, IBsc. Dated this 17th day of August, 1857. By ord'r 0' the Board. WILLI A.M CIIIBB, General Manager. •6 5 a.m. 4 15 p.m. 9 20 „ 4 0- „ 9 55 „ 3 15 „ *ll 30 „ 6 0 „ 1 45 p.m. 9 30 „ 520 „ 10 40 „ 8 30 ~ t 3 30 a.m. 9 30 „ AY S. Leave 7 0 a.m. *ll 45 „ 3 21 ~ 5 20 ~ 10 10 ~ 10 10 „ 2 30 a.m. SUN Arrival Arrival 5 0 p.m 7 15 p.m. )ulation be-: Dr.) ,he sister 01 - iterb ittorq,; of m arriage. hen wituess'i id, "Oh, make ad tixi . leave y- her or not . )eat for her. not marry. rsband kept tiug house. Found, but IT, said—ln log, and I never CATO ne, for sho litik 1 ha - 0 1 to do with bonny mall, , addressed sk,d where ,ch circum giving the ,nd beauty, wronged--• lassiOnately rnutit of no- Merit ; but a!1 the cir ted on the 1 produced er time, or July or c trriago in ie jury to in coming zed up the th 9 1' 8. this inarkeo Dyed. Mid, coin, 35 I—. 3f31 ern of Ca- Dutch Rho► and prices 109-16 ately active olds, 391-- N d.—Law i., dita•-., better to•• Binning as, at 51-- Saturday', ditto by fe of Licu o, the wife :rs. James he wife of es Hughes )'Aeth, of daughter ,CB., kab, S. Pigott, the Mary, 3, Oxford- 3bury, F. :c my, Mr. Charles 36, North Esq., as rts,`Caro 3eymour, rickabire, it. John'% Richard Devon, "0 UNG ice, N 9. 0 county Leave *7 30 am.) . 10 30 . f' 5 30 p.m. 10 50 „ 330 p.m.!. 10 40 5 20 Ind class, by all Trains ; and 15s. _ Fares : 355. first class ; 255. sec , Bd:,,third class, by Trains m Irk' d Must be taken at Manche •L'arit,ern route. BAY TICKETS, available for Seven Days, are issued by any train 'Zit:Ring's Cross StNtion to Manchester at 52s 6:1. first class, and • word class. Cross Si E X CURSIONTRANS, until further notice, will leave Ring's s _s Si ation, every WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY, at 1 , .40 , for, . Manchester ; and Manchester, on the same days, at 11.0 a.m.. an ,, Xl "g's Qross, by which tickets will be issued at 21s. first class, on 12s. 6d. closed carriages, available for return by sped al Trains at Um?. pie Wednesday or Saturday next following the date of issue. 13 141 RXCURRION TICKET', available for 24 days, will be issued . 1 3 : the same trains. returning on any Wednesday or - a.urday within Fares-375. first class. and closed carriages. Tickets are issued by the ~ame F.xeursion Trains on Wednesdays rd Saturday s and on the same cond i t ions, to ant from Guide .. ri _ d s ge , Newton, Mottram, Tinting , Hadfield, Penistone, and King's Cres s s. Tleke's for the above excursions can be obtained at the King's 4 5 Station ; and [for Manchester only]. at the Great Northern Ile v. " ' li ng Offices, " Bull anti Mouth, St. Aartin's le-Grand ;" " 16 . ." " 264, Holborn " 32. Regent-circus. Piccadilly ;" 62 and 63, Bri:ige-road, Lambeth ;" " 269, fqrand ;" • 38, Charing Cross t ; " 27, King-street, Cheaps'de ;" "351. Oxford-street ;" ' George Inn, Borough ;" " 43 and 44, Crutched Friars." ‘ .l`;or further particulars see the time tables of the Company, and in excursion handbills. By order, Ring's Cross Station, August 12, 1857. :er to ask for tickets via the Great QUITE NEW. OYER'S SULTANA'S SAUCE. —A most kJ refreshing and pleasing stimulant to the appetite, comnosed principally of Turkish condiments, combined with various culinary prodactiotis of the East It is an exquisite rel sh with Fish, Meat, Poultry, and Game, aril forms a valuable addition to Soups, inces, Bashes, , tews, Meat Pies and i'uldirgs, as wet a•. to Salads of every description. To S.eaks and Chops it imparts a highly delicious and aromatic flavour. To be had of all Rime Vendors. and of the sole Wholesale Agents, Crosse and Blackwell, Par icyors to the Queen, 21, Soho square, London. R. HOWARD, 6urgeon-Dentist, 52, Fleet .: ,„,„_- street, has introduced an entirely new description of A RTI IAL TEETH Axed without springs, wires, or ligatures. They so p e rfectly resemble the natural teeth as not t o he distinguished from oliVinal by the closest observe r ; the y will never change colour or e de cay,;, and will be found very superior to an y teeth ever before used. il ls method does not require the extraction of roots, or any patina] "Deration, and will support and preserve teeth that are loose, and Is liiitrantecal to restore articulation an d mastication ; end that Mr. °ward's improvement may be within the reach of the molt econo "cal, he has fixed the charges at the lowest tca:e posaib'e. De taYed teeth st Tped and r ndered sound and useful in mastics "on•--52, Fleet-street. At 'ome from ten till Ave. Eou BARRY'S CEL'I3RATED INFANTS F 001), for DELIC kTE INF A \ TS, cFELDREN, and IN VALIDS. Supersedes the expense and dangers of wet nursing, is ' W ore easily d • gested and imparts more healthful nmrishment than 3lil- anidity, era tips, bowel complaints, flatulency , coug h, restless r ;1,78, SC".( •la, eruptions, are avoided 11, it, and perfect regulari t y of esYste.n and sound sleep inured. Many resneetable families who nave rea_ el and saved delicate Infants by this Fo ,, d can be referred to, and a copy of their Testirnomals may he had. free on forwarding /tamped and addressA envelope to Barry Da arry and Co., 77, n egent-street, London. Prices :-- In Caph:ters, Is. 25.; and 121 b. at 21s. The large Canister will be forwarded tree of carriage on receipt of Post Office Order. ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's inn-Road Patron-Ih ,, QUEENT Founded 1828, The sick poor are adm!ite ion their own application alone. No recommendation is required During the past wee., 2,664 patients received the benefits of this Charity, either as out oria-do.ir patient s, and since its foundation to 31st nee., 1856, the number relieved is upw4rd+ of 580.000. The Committee entreat AID to enable them to continue this great Work of charity. Treasurer and Banker—John Maiterman, Esq., Nicholas•lane. CANCER HOSPITAL, London and West Brompton.--recretary's Office, 167, Piccadilly.—This Institu tion has been established exclusively for the treatment of the poor a'llicted with cancerous diseases. Out-door patients to attend at 167, Piccadilly, on Tuesdays, at 2 o'clock. In-door patients are admitted at the Brompton Estailishment, for one month. and for a longer period if recommended by the medical officers. The number of per sona under treatment as in or out-door patients have averaged for the last three years about 400 cases each year. Since the foundation of this Hospital in 1851, 1,799 poor persons, suffering under every form of this dreadful malady, have received the benefits of this Charity. A Weekly Board manage its affairs, and every informs ton connected with the InstitUtion may be obtained on application to the Secretary. Contributions to enable the Committee to eentinue this great work of benevolence are urgently solicited, and may be paid to William Loiham Farrar, Esq., the Treasurer, 66, Lincoln'e inn-fields ; Messrs. Coutts and Co., Strand ; and at the Secretary's Oalces, 167, Piccadilly Ey order. W. J. COCKERILL Secretary. T:IE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND DIA.TITRITY Just published, price is., post tree, in an Envelope, for 13 stamps, VELF-PRESERVATION. —A Medical Treatise on the Functions and Disorders of the Generative System, 1.n,1 on, the cure of Nervous and Physical Debility, resulting trom vicious habits acquired during the critical passage from youth to 'Manheod, with practical observations on the Physiology of Mar riage in its social moral, and physical relations. To which are added remarks on thewonders of the Microscope in revealing the hidden mysteries "of Life within L i f e ,' an d i ts advantages in detecting, by ‘u. inary.examination, the cause and effect of every variety of these complaints, with numerous engravings and cases. BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D., 37, BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON Matriculated Member of the I p 'n i tiavierldical srie Society, Licentiate el of Edinburgh, Honorary II 31ember of the London Hospital Apothecaries' Hall. London, &c., &c. he essential object of this treatise is to point out the fearful con emiences resulting from certain habits, irregularities, and excesses, AN bleb have produced more misery in Youth, degradation hood, and premature decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, e a a l n?r e inM.'n other class ()His. ase known to modern pathologists. Its p V arti cu l a rly recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts of their phys cal ctardition, end who are conscious of having hazarded the-bc,a'!h, happiness, and privileges to which every human being is nthicri, It L bsolutely necessary that all men should know that there arc Trinciplcs of personal management which cannot be violated with out incurring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret suc ceed the heyday of incoi4siderate self-indulgence, how those penalties may be mitigated, how the sting of their bltteniess may he removed. and how the evil and its consequences may be avoided, end, above all, that there is scarcely any degree of ph) sled infirmity or functional derangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure. Published by J. Allen, 20, warwick-lane, Paternoster•row, and may be had of Mann, 39, Cornhlll ; onsulted Horne, 19, Leicester - square . ( Icrdon, 14d, Leadenhall street or from the Author, who may be daily, from 11 till 2, and from 6 till 8, at his residence, 37 B edford•square, London. _ he work may b e h a d i n I n di a, o f M r . 'Von Litzky, Loll Bazaar ; ( : alc utta — Messrs. C. and J. liormusjce, Apollo-street; Bombay 9,:it:..ulator Offi°mho, ce ; Madras—Motassilite Office; Agra Dodsworth ; U Ceylon; and of all B .oltsellers tit ouhgerai theColonle A N ACT OF GRATITUDE.-5,000 Copies of a Medical Book for Gratuitous Circolation.— GEORGE TELOMAS, 1 , , having been effectually cured of nervous debility, loss of memory, amt dimness of sight, resulting from the earls- errors of you'll, by ollowing the instructions given in a Medics' Work by a Ph) sician, he considers it his duty, in gratitude to the auth or, and for the benefit of nervous sufferers, to publish the means used. Be will therefore send tree, to any a t , ress, in a sealed envelope, on receipt of a direct ed envel , me enclosing two stamps, to pre-pay postage, a copy of the medical work containing every inform Itiol required. Address, G. Thomas, Esq , Craven House, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. DRINCE ALBERT ROAD, Hypie-park.—ln this delightful and desirable neighbourhood are to be LET or 710f.1') several select and elegantly finished Residences, their architec tural display is of the highest order, and the internal arrangements ire everything that can possibly be desired; in size they are rulte -or the occupancy of both the Nobleman and Gentleman acid the study of comfort has been the chief object of the builder. This now most fashionable part of London renders the locality of these huildines undeniable, being contiguous to Kensington-gardens, with its beautiful walks, , nd I lyile-park, with its rides and chives added to which the salubrity of the air of Kensington-gore Is prover^lal. and considered by the faculty the most healthful in the vicinity of the metropolis. Arply at the Office, 1, Prince Albert-Road, South Kensington. • ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. New and improved Edition, enlarzed to 196 pages, Illustrated by 100 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel, just published, price, free by post, Is., THE SILENT FRIEND : 'A Medical Work on the physical exhaustion and decay of the frame, from the , fiesta of sontary indulgence, infection, and the injurious conse iuences from the use of Mercury ; with observations on the oblig,a• tons of marriage, and dir 'et lons for obviating certain disqualifica lons. By I:. and L. Pt RitY and CO., Surgeons - . Sod by J. Allen, Warwick-lane. Paternoster-row; Songer, 160, Oxford-street; tnd Cordon, 146, Lead nhall-street, London. The CORDIAL BALM of SYRTACUM is employed in hothsexes to renovate be impaired powers of life. Its action is purely balsamic; its power in reinvigorating the frame in all cases of nervous and sexual eehility, obstinate glects, impotency, barrenness, and debi lities arising from venereal excesses, has been demonstrated by its unvarying success in thousands of cases. Price I Is. per bottle, or four quantities in one for 335., which saves 11S. The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an anti-syphi itic remedy, for purifying the system, and is recommended for any of 'he varied forms of secondary symptoms, such as eruptions on the ,kin, blotches on the head and face, enlargements of the throat, ' ionsils, and uvula; threat ned destruction of the nose, palate, &c. Its action Is purely detersive, and its beneficial influence on the -yst,m is undeniable. Price lis and 335. per bottle, also a saving of Hs. PERRIA PURIFYING QPECIFIC PILLS constitute an effee- Wal remedy in tither sex for all cases of gonorrlicea, glect, stricture, and diseases of the urinary organs. Price 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d ,an 1 1 Is. er box. Sold by Daniel Church, 78, Gracechurch-street, City; Bartlett deeper, 43, King William-street (four doors from London Bridge) ; G. F. Watts, I Strand ; W. Sutton and Co., 10. Bow-churchyard; W. Edwar d s , 67, Fst. i'aurs-churchyard ; J. Senger, 153, Oxford ,treet ; Hannay an I II etrlellQen, 63, Oxford-street ; Butler and !litriline . . 4, Cheapsi , le. ; Prow and Bargain, 229, Strand ; and all medicine ve,idors ; hro , lghout the United Kicgd am. NO MORE . PILLS NOR ANY OTHER MEDICINE (Dyspepsia), Constipation, ClTFR!aEtuSle(vnelyt.h ,°Pliilt Physic) of indigestion , all Nervous, Dillon., and Liver Complaints, Ily-teria, Neuralgia, Dyselitry, Diarrhoea, Acidity, Palpitation, IleartburP, Headactie„Debility, Despondency, Cramps, Soa.ms, - Nausea, and Sickness ( durin g p regnancy or at s3l), SinkingSinkingFi s, Cough, Asthma, Bronchitis, Co nsum p tion, also Children's Com plaints are effacted by DU BARRY'S delicious RE VA LENTA ARABICA FOOD, which restores health without purging, i n convenience, or e%pen=e, as it s !Yes fluty times its 3ost in oth e r remedies. It is, moreover, the best food for infants and invalids generally, as it never turns acid on the weakest stomach, nor inter feres with a good liberal diet, but imparts a healthy relish for lunch and dinner, and restores the faculty of digestion, and nervous and muscular energy to the most enfeebled. We extract a few out of the many thousand expressions of grati- Ude fro)n invalbis :—Cure No. 71, of dyspepsia, from the Right lion. the Lord Stuart do Decies " I have derived co - 9 iderable benefit :coin Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, and molder it due to y urselves and the public to authorise the publication of these lines. Stuart de Deetes." Curs No. 49,432 "Fi ty years' index - ribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, and sickness at the stomach and vomitins, have been retnoveci by Da Barry's excellent Food. 4f a riaJoly, `Northam Ling, near Dlss, 'a ortolk."— Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, or Nazing Vicarage, Waltham Cross, Boris, a cure of extreme ner vousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, an 1 nervous fancies. — Ciro No. 48,314. Miss Elizaeeth Yeontan, Gateacre, near Liver pool : a cure of ten's dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irrita bility. Cure No 18,216. Dr. Andrew Ure of constipation, dyspep sia, persons irritability. Cure No. 31,2 'O. Dr. Shoreland of dropsy and debility. Cure No. 36,212. Captain Allan of epileptic fits Cure No 42,116. Major Edie of enlargement of the liver and total prostration of strength. Cure No. 35,418. 11ev. 1)r. Minster of cramps, spasms, end daily vomitings, Cure. No. 26,418. Dr. Har vey of diarrhcea and debility.' Cure No. 19,628. Dr. Wurtzer , of thirty years diseased lunge, of consumption. Cure No. 32,883. William Plants, Esq., barrister, of psralys s. Cure ao. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, wood merchant, eartial dea'ness. Cure Se. 4 ,814. air. Samuel. Laxton, Lei:ester, spitting of blood, liver derangement, of two years' diarrlicca. Cure No. 52,612. The Dowager Countess of ge, C t a o stlestuart, of many years' nervous irratinility, bile, and indi stipation, indigestion, and deis T ili7y e •, n f ty ro - n fi s ve 1 n. Cure No. 54,812. Miss Virginia Zeguers, cured of con sumption, after her medical advisers had abandoned all hopes of recovery. Cure No, Bo a misery, and which pepsia. nervousness, l sflectually curer by 3 n 1 3 medicine could remove or relieve, have been wlrch my servant had whichy ear I s ' have nervousness,suflesuffered greatcon- Reeves, 181, Fleet: re u Barry's Food in a very short thee. W. R. et, London." No. 4,208. "right years' debility,(Po with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for eflectually cured I.y uu consulted the advice of many, have been happy to answer any Barry's,__e health restoring 1. ood. I shall be with pains In my nee and left ar No. 3 '" 2 7 836 1 . 5. ,, Rev. John Flavell. ftidlington Rea- Three years' excessive nervousness, tory, Norfolk." der ad my life very miserable, biT, and general debility, which ren has radically removed by Du Porter; Barry's health restoring Food. „ Thirteen years' Archdeacon of Roes, and general debility have been remoye e r a kibberaen." Core No. 3,905. years' cough, indigestion, A bel Sus Barry's excellent ftev,denta Arabica Food James P importan Caution against the fearful 'd thohstre et, Perth." angers of spurious imita ations:— 'I he Vice• Chancellor Sir William Page Wood granted an Mune sisn on the 10 t h March, 1854, against Alfre d I :Lnitating "Du Ba rr y 's Revalenta Arabica F ood." Neville, for ar italay passed ;or all climates, and with cull instructions. :misters, lib 2s 9d ; 21b 4 (al ; bib lls , 121 b 225. Th e .rY anti 1211) car loge free, on receip t of Post-office order. Bar r y Du l' ';o.. 77, Regent - str eet, London; Fortnum, letaeon, and Co., pur veyors to her Majesty, 18 2 , Piccad ill y , als o at 60 , Gracech urch' street; 330, 430, and 451, Strand ; 4, CheapsideS 119 s . , - s ss aLopsgate 150, and 159, Oxford-street. A.DVERTISEMENTI.—Ht.II way', Pills. —Ann t her won- Jeff& cure of Asthma,—Extract of a letter from Mrs. , Ann June-, Lord-street, Liverpool, to Professor Hullo way Iv, as seriously tAllcted for five years wit}, asthma, frequently expectorating blood, palpitation o' the heart, together with faintness and cold sweat. I, this state I continued fur several months. I consulted the tacnity until all hope of relief vanished, when I wa, Prevailtd upon to give your pith a trial. Under tbeit influence this terrible milady quickly disappeared, and my health is now re-e,,tablishsd."—Sold by all medicine veu , lors throughout the world ; at Professor Holloway's, 244, Strand,stainpLondon, and 80, Msiden-lane, New York ; by A . a, Constantinople; A. Guidicy, Smyrna; and E. Muir, Malto THE PRESENT MODE OF ENTERING THE ARMY. A person desiring t - ) obtain a commission in the army, applies to the coalman ler-in-chief, or to hiS military secretary. The commander-in-chief makes such inquiry 'as he may think fit into the character and eh cum , tances of the candidate ; if he is satis fied With the result, he directs the name to be en t,ted in a book, for a commis-ion, either with pur chaQe, cr without purchase, as the case may 13-. In the three regiments of guardA, and in the regiments of h'usehold cavalry, the patronage of granting first commissions is vested m the colonels of the re ;pc"- ti ve regiments. The candidate for commis -don, whe ther by purchwe or not, is always sent to the Mili tary College of Sandhurst, fur the purpose of being examined, before he can receive hiscommission. The present system of examination was established in the year 1819. When a young man has passed his ' examination, he is eligible for a commission. If he has applied to purchase, he may be appointed to the first vie they which occurs from a retirement by sale ; 'l' he has applied fora commission without purchase, he must wait until a vacancy shall have occurred by death, when his application may be considered together with the claims of other caudi da,' es. In the purchase of the first C0 M1T11,941013, the regulatiOn price is never exceeded. The com mission is never gazetted until the required sum has been paid to the army agent. Some commis sions without purchase are annually reserved for the calets'at Sandhurst who have passed a certain standard a examination, which is of a higher character than the one required of candidates generally. The system of purchase operates very differealy in time of war and of peace. During the former period tlie augmentations and vacancies om. death leave open many commiszions without purchase; but, upon the conclusion of peace, the vacancies are fewer, and those which occur are in great measure filled up by officere brought in from the half-pay list. PROMOTION. Promotion is of two kinds—either army promo tion, or regimental promotion ; army promotion is by ly:evet, and is unconnected with the purchase_ system. This does not, therefore, c ome strictly within the sc o pe of our inquiry. Regimental pro motion can only be obtained, without purchase, when vacancies occur from casualties, or when augmentations are authorised. The rule of pro motion by purchase is that when a vacancy occurs in the higher ranks of a regiment, from the retire went of an officer by sale, every officer has a claim, according to seniority, to purchase the next rank in the regiment provided that no objection to his promotion is made by the commanding officer of the or by the Commander-in-Chief. returns are made from every regiment to the office of the Commander-in-Chief, showing the 'mes of the officers of each rank wbo are desirous of purchasing advancement, and the references which they give for the funds necessary to effect their object. These returns are certified by the commanding officer, who moreover states whether the officers desirous of purchasing promo ion ave fit and qualified for the advancement which they seek. If no qualified officer of the regiment pre sents himself for purchase, an officer is brought in to M. the vacancy from some other regiment or from the half-pay list. Accordmg to the practice of the army, no officer who is able and wiling to pay the regulation price is passed over by another in the same regiment., unless some flagrant conduct or notorious incapacity should justify the withhold ing Lis certificate. Tine two principles which regu late promotion are said to be, first, that no officer, however deserving, shall be promoted, Wi.h , ut purchase, over the brad of his senior in the same regiment; •secondly, that no officer shall be pro moted, by purchase, over the head of his senior officer in the same regiment, provided such senior officer bas stated his claim to purchase conformably to the regulations. When an officer has reached the position of lieutenant-colonel the power to pur chase any higher rank ceases. The pace to be paid for commissions was considered and reported upon by a board of general officers in the year 1821. It how ever, admitted th a t d ur i ng a per i o d o f pe a ce the a n though stringently worded, with the addition of a severe penalty for their infraction, are yet habitailly nt-glected, and the price paid, exce pt in the purchase of the fir s t comm ission, al- Au experienced army agent has stated that in the cavalry any sum under double the regulation price itoyst map be considered very reasonabl e . In for mermrinvariably exceeds the p r i ce fi xe d by autho years, a declara . ion was required from officers, that they had nut given more than the regulation pr ice ; but this was evaded, and therefore discon tinued. The practice, therefore, of paying sums exce eding the regulation price must be considered to be an accompaniment of the purchase system, w hi c h it appears impossible to prevent. RETIREMENT. The rule is, that an officer, wiao has purchased any of his corninission,,, is permitted to retire from he limy at any time, without ref,rence to the period of bis service, and to receiv e the value of the ° N ° a nl y i :t i h n a i t ° h M e Whairseuholtie be h e as n guilty pure fhaosedin provided al misconduct. An officer who has purchased all bis commissions, and who sells out as a lieutenant colonel, is' entitled to receive back, according to regulation, the came amount as that which be had paid for his commis- sinus. IF he dies in the service this money is lost to his family. If, moreover, he is attack-d by dis ease, and is deemed to ba in immediate danger, he would not be permitted to sell the cemmis,ion whi h fie holds. . These regulations have been modified by the warrant of March, 1856, which sanctions the re payrueet to an effi er's widow, children, or other refs - Cons, .of the regulation price paid for his Coe provided the officer has been killed in action, erdias died of wounds, received in face of the enemy, within six months afterbdog wounded. An officer, who has not purchased any of his com missions, is allowed to retire by the sale of his commission, after a certain period of service. A field-officer, if he has served 21) years, would be allowed the -full price of his-commission. The rule has been adopted of late years, allowing an officer, who has served a shorter time, to receive 100!. for each year of service, in addition to the sum paid for any step which he may have pureha el. Under three year's service, however, this permission would not be granted. In the case of an officer, who has risen from the ranks, the rule is that two yea-s in the ranks count as one in commission, and he is perinitted to sell his commission on these terms. OBJECTIONS MADE TO THE PURCHASE SYSTEM. The practice of buying and selling places of honour or of emolument und-r the Crown is, it is contend ed, vicious in principle, repugnant to the public sentiment of the present day, and equally inconsis tent with the honour of the military profession and with the policy of the British empTe. To dematd the payment of a sum of meney from a young man who enters the army, and who devotes his youth, his health, audit may be his 1r to the service of his COI - entry, to make his promotion dependent on his purse ; and, lastly, if he survives the labours and risks of ;he service, to allow him to receive ag tin in lieu of a pension the money which may have been paid for his o tonmi , s'ons, are mvasures which are said to constitute a system of military policy irre concile able with justice, and unknown in every other country throughout the world. This system, it is moi cover affirmed, produces itl effects upon the constitution of the army, and impairs its effi ciency, by giving an undue pre-emsuence to wealth, by d scouraging exertion, and by depressing merit. Under such regulations there is little inducer( ent for officers to acquire proficiency in the Bei, nee of war, or to study the military pr ogress of other na tions. An officer who performs his routine duties, and who keeps a ewe of money available to pur chase his proinorion, ,as opportunities offer, may look forward with confidence te the atteiument of high military rank. While the subaltern who has not the means to buy advancement may serve dur ing all the best e yeais of his life in distant st ,tons and in deadly climatse, yet he roust be prepared o see his juniors pass over him, for he will find that knowledge of military science and atrention to re gimental duties do not avail him, unless he is able to buy the rank to which his qualifications entitle him. In time of war every officer wino has paid for his commissions must feel that he is exposed not merely t) the loss of life, bat to the additional risk of forfeiting by his death the amount of money he has invested for the purchase of les promotions, and which might otherwise have afforded a subsistence to his widow and children. The officer, therefore, enters into the le ittle with a knowledge that in haz tiding his life he hazards also the future pro spects,of ihose who are dearest to him. The regu lation price of commisSionsis a fiction, and the large sums which officers are cotnpeled to pay for pro motion aggravated the evil effect t of the system. This is an evil which is inher ens in the system, and which cannot, it is said, be remedied, -although it operates unfairly to meritorious officers, and iej era ously t, the public iutereet. An officer, for instance may refuse to retire unless he can obtain a mach larger sum than the regulation price ; the next for purchase cannot af erd. to give this amount, and he must either allow Limself to be passed over or place himself in the invidious position of stopping all promotion in the regiment. 04ses of this kind lead to traffic arid bargaining amongst officers, whereby a mercen ar y feeling, i t is al:eged, is created in men whose - guiding principles should be a !doe sense of honour and a risiuterested attachment to the service. Exchanges from one regiment to an other, and sales to officers on halfseay, facilitate an evasion of the regulations by practices which the higher authorities of the army are tenable to pre vent. The system of purchase inflicts other hard ships on the less wealthy officers. At the conclu sion of a war reductions nec ssarily take place, and many officers are put on hal-pay. Then, if a va cancy occurs in a regiment by the retirement of an officer selling his commission, the next for purchase equally buys his promotion; but if a vacancy by death occur, and the nen-purchasing officer hopes that his chance of promotion has at last arrived, he may find to his dismay that another officer is brought in from the half-pay, and that thus even a death vacancy does not furi.her his advancensent. Again, it is coutenied that while the purchase sys tem pr sses so unfairly on the less weathy officers, disheartening men who wish to devote their lives to the prefessioe, it attracts to the s ervice idle young men, who, having money at their disposal, regard the army as a fashionable pastime for a few , year sofleisure, and brine with them habits ofexpense and dissipation injurious to discipline, and ernbar. rassing to their fellow officers, who are often forced to leave a regiment where such an extravagant mod of life prevail , . In a country where enlistment is voluntary, it should be the p )licv of the stets to en courage men to join the army by awarding the most deserving with commissions. But, under the system of purchase, a soldier who has been promoted from the ranks cannot hope to gain fur ther steps without money, whilst even the honour able position he has gained, by briogieg him into the society of richer men, often renders his pro motion a doubtful advantage. From the above mentioned causss it is alleged the efficiency of the army is impaired, and the military s pirit of the eat on is deteriorated ; but other instances are adduce I where the public interests suffer more directly from the effects of the purchase system. The command of a regiment is au important trust, yet it is admitted by high authority that several officers have attained the position o f lieutenant colonel who were unequal to the c ommand of the regiments which they held. Under existing regu lations officers succeed to the lieutenant-colonelcy by purchase, unless they should be disqualified by some notorious unfitness. When they have ob tained this command it is difficult for the higher authorities of the army to re move them. A lieu tenant-colonel may b s ill -qualified for command, and his unfitness may have been noticed by the inspecting-general in his reports ; yet the case may not admit of distinct c harges being brought against him, of which a court- m enial could pro perly take cognisance. Tire authorities at the Horse Guards feel a difficulty in e xercising the in vidious power of removing such an officer. Some times, as the least objectionable course, they have proposed that he should be put on half-pay, but this burthens the country with an annuity for life for an officer who is unfit to remain on full ply. Here the evil consequences of •the purcna-e system are direct and manifest ; and when it is remembered how far the issue of a bat tle may depend upon the efficiency an I skilful handling of every regiment engaged, it is difficult to overrate the possible mischief resulting from tee system. No t onl y may incompetent offi cers retain the Command of regiments, but the com mander of the forces may not be able to appoint the officer whose standing and whose qualifications fit him for this position. A remarkable instance is cited where an officer, eminently qualified for such command, received from the late Duke of Welling ton the offer of a regiment, which, from pecuniary circumstances, he would have been compelled to decline, unless other officers had generously come forward to assist him with the sum required to be pail for his promotion. This case occurred during a period of war. If the purchase system interferes thus injuriously with the appointments to the com mand of regiments it must indirectly affect all the higher ranks of the army. Whenever the respon sible advisers of the crown are obliged to prepare for the contingencies of war, arid to recommend her Majesty to name a commander for her army in the field, they must necessarily select from amongst those who have attained high rank in the army. The great majority of these officers, however, will have risen by purchase, obtaining their rank not from any acknowledged fitness, but from the cur rent of promotion an d the opportunitlee of buying advancement. Thiscotrntrywill therefore commence the operations of war under a disadvantage compared with foreign states, where all the officers in the higher grades will have been subjected to several selections, and may, therefore, if the power of select has been honestly and wisely exercised, be all wen of known efficiency and merit. To comprise in afew words the evils of the purchase-system, it is said to restrict the numb r of those from whom officers can in the first instance be obtained ; it deadens the feelings of emulation and the eagerness to acquire milit try knowledge, and. it renders men eligible for the highest command without taking any security that they are fitted for such a position. Such a basis fur the establishment of an army is, it is said, most impolitic iu a country whose military force is necessarily small when compared with continental rnents. Having thus stated the objections which are urged against the purchase-system, we must on the other hand state that: the prevalent opinion amongst military men, so far as. we have been able to ascet tain their views, is favourable to the.system ' or at least favourable to its meintenence, until, some scheme shall have been devised which may produce the beneficial results Aich are commonly ascribed to the system of purchase. The chief advantages of the system are said to be, that it fa:ilitates the retirement of officers, and thar.eby accelerates promotion in the army, which would otherwise stagnate during a period of con tinued peace ; also it is said to afford to officers a security against the influence of favour, enabling each officer to obtain his advancement by his own means, without being dependent on the goodwill of the government -or on the patronage of higher authorities. In order fairly to consider the evidence which has been given in support of the purchase system, it will be -convenient . fist to exatuisatits effects upon the retirement of officers. e - 4,-.-see ee- The. military force of a state is effia ..::qn proportion as it is ready to take the :fie ty and to enter upon the fatigues and hardstips of a campaign. For this purpose it is essential that the great majority of the officers should not only be well acquainted with ‘ the duties of their profession, but should also be qualified by their strength and vigour to sustain the exertions insepa rable from active warfare. A lengthened period of peace readers it difficult to keep any milit try corps in a state of effici , incy ; a scheme of re'ireinen, therefore, which induces old officers to withdraw from the army, and which replaces them by younger men, must it is said, be beneficial to the country ; and this benefit is still ,greater if effected without any cost to the country. In the year 1840 a elm mission on naval and military promotion of which the late Duke of Wellington and other high mili tary authorities were members, raporte I strongly in favour of the purcha - e system, and declared tha the practical advantages of. the system had b-en proved by its effects during 24 years of peace. The condition of the Ordnance corps, where the pur chase system has never been introduced, but where the system of seniority; exclusively prevails, WAS contrasted with that of the rest of the army, and it was shown that the offs .ers of this corps having no inducement to retire remained in the service far b yond the age which wis desirable for the effi ciency of the corps. The commission on army I..ro motion, wh'cii reported in the year 1854, azaiu ad verted to this subject, and observe I, " in the ord nance corps not only the average age of the officers is great r than in the corresponding ranks of the army, hot moreover the average is not made np of that variety of ages which is to be found in • the army, and which gives to the public service the advantage of having a - few officers in each of the higher ranks of greater physical vigour than the rest. From the report of this commission, it is, however, manifest that the purchase system cannot be depended upon as in itself sufficieut, during a period of _peace, to secure in the higher ranks of the army a body of officers endowed with the phy sical and mental energies requisite for those who may be called upon to superintend active opera tions in the field. Ou this accoant the c .mtnission recommended various measures with the view of facilitating promotion, and they also advised that the'principle of selection should be had recourse t I in the appointments to situations of command, wiaich had previously been according to seniority. Tie witnesses who have advocated the mainte nance of the' purchase system insist upon the ad vantage which it affmds of facilitating re , irernent. Upon this point our attention was dire :ted to the practice of the Indian army, where, without any recognised system of purchase, a custom of receiv ing money for retirement prevails, and is said to be beneficial to the service. In the In Tian army pro motion is strictly governed by seniority ; it is a-sys tern of regimental promotion up to the rank of major, and exchanges are not permitted. Above the rank of major officers the by seniority in a ge neral list; but they have no claim to the command of a re g iment unless selected for it by the Coalman der-in-Chief. The Indian Government have had recourse to several measures, in order to accelerate promotion in their army. They give liberal pen sions to officers retiring, and since 1835 they grant allowances in proportion to length of service, irre spective of the rank wkich the officer may have at tained. The strict adherence to the rule of promo tion by seniority has led to the adoption of a prat. tice which is permitted by the authorities, though not sanctioned by law, and which p‘oduces, as re gards retirement, a result somewhat simi'ar to the sale of commissions. The officers of a. regiment sub serbe amongst themselves and make up a purse, to induce a senior officer to retire. Contributing is optional ; but in mo t cases a young man would soon.r incur pecuniary inconvenience than with hold his aid from a scheme so popular in the regi ment. The practice of making up a purse applies chiefly, it is said, to the rank of major, though it occurs also in lower ranks. From the evidence as to the effects of this system, and the unwillingness of officers to retire without a contribution, in addition to the pension allowed to them, it may be inferred that, if the officers of the Indian army were left with no other inducement to retire except the allowance granted by Government, the regiments would be fillei with oldofficers ' and the efficiency of the army would be impaired. Withall the advantages which have been derived from this practice and from the liberality of the Indian Government, it neverthe less appears, from the able report made by the late Governor-General, Lord Dalhousie, that the condi tion of the Indian army and the exigencies of the public services, will probably render it necessary to apply the principle of selection, where as yet the rule of seniority has prevailed. In considering the policy of abolishing purchase in the British army, and the best means of maintaining the current of promotion, if purchase should be abolished, we cannot recommend the adoption of the regulations of the Indian army. To make seniority the unva rying rule of promotion would, in our opinion, be an ill-advised course. The objection justly. urged Bg - wrist the system of purchase, namely, that under it no provision is made for securing to the country the services of men best qualified by military ex perience and talent, would equally apply to the rule of exclusive seniority, with the added incon veniences of more retarded promotion, and a heavier charge on the revenue for retiring allow ances sufficient to keep up the current of promo tion. Considering d. the practice of the Indian service to . be to the British army,t we next directed our attention to the systems of promotion and re tirement adopted in foreign countries, and more particularly to the miqtary regulations of France. Until the middle of the last century, or even later, commissions in the French army could only be ob tattle 1 by favour of the Crown, or by favour of offi cei sin high command. Those persons were alone eligible who were of a recogilited deesce at ; advance ment was attainable by payment of money; promo tion from the ranks was unkno srn ; and ills military reputation' of France flourished under a system which is now abolished and forgotten. During the reign of Louis XVI. great alterations in the organi sation of the French army were in course of intro duction, when tote revolution led to are-organisation of the whole military system, and the regulations which were introduced during the time of the Repub lic, and under the first Napoleon, have been again frequently reviewed and modified by succeeding go vernments. Many important regulations date only from the year 1848 ; but the evidence which we have collected refers to the system as it is at present fixed, comprising the modes of admission, of pro motion, and of retirement. Public examiners aie appointed, who go through the country and hold ex mei/laq eis in the principal towns ; they are assisted by the officers of the several garrisons. Any young men may present themselves as candidates, and if they are found physically qualified for the army, they are examined in mathematics, in history, in geography, and in fortification. Those who satisfy the examiners are sent to the military college of St. Cyr ; but as the number of candidates usually ex ceeds the number of vacancies in the college those who pass the best examinations are preferred. A young man when admitted into the college of St. Cyr is considered as having enlisted in the a rmy. lie remains in the college for two y ears ; the cost of his maintenance and education bei n g defrayed by ilia family, mn ess they apply to the Government and show that they are too poor, in which case is assisted by a contribution from the State. At the end of the two years he is again examined, and if he satisfies the examiners he receives his com mission ; if be is unsuccess.fu,, which, however, rare ly occurs,. h e must go in to the ranks of the army. By this mode a portion varying from one third to two-thirds of officers enter the army. The remainder enter from the ranks; having pas se d through theyarious grade of non-commis,ioned offi cers. Under this system of admission the great majority of officers depend for their livelihood en tirely on their pay. They live, therefore, in such tion and retirement has been sahmi.ted t i our con sideration by Sir C. Trevelyan, Assistant-Secretary of the Treasury. This scheme will be found in the appendix, together with the financial statements adduced in is support. The evidence of Sir C. Travelyan furnishes explanations of his plan. The general principle of this scheme is borrowed from the French military system, qualifiel, however, by the adoption of regulations which have of late years Lean partially introduced into our own civil ser vice. The first commission in the army Sir C. Trevelyan recommends should be obtained by a competitive examinatio❑ be ween candidates nomi nated by the Commander-in-Chief. The successtul candidate is then to go through a course of profes sional training at a military college for a period of two years. His education at this establishment is not to be assisted by any pecuniary contributio❑ from the state, and the advantage now given at Sandhurst to the sons of oil officers is to be dis o.intinued. The young man having passel the college, is to enter the army without further exami nation until he reaches the rank of captain. Pro motion up to the rank of captain is to be two-thirds by seniority and one-third by selection. Captains and all higher ranks are to be appointed by selec tion. A system of examination for the captaincy is to be provided, which will give the means to those who have risen from the ranks, of competing with officers who have had the advantage of a pro- fes3ional education. The comparative merits of officers and their fitness for promotion are to be asee , tained by a system of inspection with report similar to that which prevails in the French army. Ti►e rank of major is ti be abolished, and the pro motion above the rank of captain i 3 no longer to be re4imental. Retirement is to be based upon a mixed system of voluntary and compulsory retire ment, accordin4 to a principle proposed by the Civil Service Superannuation Commis , ioners. The etaff is to be a separate corps, a 3 in the French ser vice. All exchanges from one regiment to another are to bi forbidden. Such is the general outline of the plan recom mended by Sir C. Trevelyan. He has also placed before us a financial statement., from Which it ap pears that in the future pay of the regimental offi cers he proposes an increase of 118,7891. yearly, with a reduction of 50,419/. in the allowances now granted. In tlle eztablishment of general officers he proposes a reduction. The recapitulation of his whol , r scheme exhibits an incretse in the charge for effective service; of 31,6121. ; while for the non effeetive service?, by reducing the amount of widows' pensions, and the amount of hslf-pay, and by omitting altogether the rewards for military service, the charge is reduced by 113,4781. Upon the whole statement, therefore, as given by Sir C. l'revelyan, there is an estimated decreas' of expen diture of 81,866% [To be continued.] THE FASTEST CLIPPER-SHIP IN THE WORi.D. Last (Sunday) night Messrs. James Baines and Co.'s celebrated "Black Ball" clipper ship Lightning was to sail from the Mer=ey to the Thames, having been en gaged by the East India Company to embark tro ps at Gravesend for the East. The Lightning will be towed rouni to Gravesend by the powerful steam tug Resolute. 0 wing to the sensation created by the sister ships of the Lightning, the James Baines and the Champion of the Seas, which were inspected and so highly eulogised by ' the Queen and Court at Portsmouth, Messrs. James Baines and Co. have been induced to place the Light ning on public view at Gravesend for a few days. The Lightning will doubtlessly be visited by crowds of people, and it has been determined to charge Is. admission, the receipts bei,g given to the wives and families of the sol diers who will sail in her. In order to give our readers an idea of the size of the Lightning, and of the une qualled "run," asne has made, we subjoin the following particulars from the Lightning Gazette, which was printed and published on board during her voyage from Liver no sl to Ntilbourne and back, between February and July in the present year:— , . . " The Lightning is 2,003 tons register, and 3,500 tons burthen. Her extreme length is 243 feet ; breadth, 41 feet; depth of hold, 23 feet. To the top of her mizenmast, 554 feet ; to the top of her mainmast, 71 feet ; to the mizen truck (at the veil , summit of the mast), 115 feet ; to the main truck, 161 feat; to the fora truck, 151 feet. The greatest run she has ever made in 21 hours, by observation, was oa the 27th February, 1855, and amounted to 390 t knots, or 455 statute miles, being an average of 161 knots, or 19 miles per hour, during the whole day. A the same time, in 8 consecutive days, she ran 2,158 knots. During her last voyage, in 7 04.nsiecutive days, from 28 th June 4th July, 1856, she ran, by observation, 2, 2,553 statute miles, being an averag e, during tla I.33ekwneoetsk,, or 13 knots, or rather more than 15 statute miles per hour 6,553 knots, or and in the 25 days of the voyage she ra 8,118 statute miles (1,000 miles more th n an twice the dis an average of Lance from Liverpool to New Yorkj u , n l ? in e' g n g the whole time. ' 11.4 knots, or 134 statute miles, d We believe the rec,.1,18 of the performance of clipper ships show no parallel to this. Her shortest passage from Liver pool to Melbourne was her last oae--68 days 10 hours— passage. home was the first she ever and her quickest made, and was accomplished in 60 days."—Liverpool AMien. ........---_____-----Tr""-------____— TM/ TRADE or LIVERPOOL—LIVERPOOL, Monday.— The C ustoms Bill of Entry, published this mo rn i ng , gives a return of the number and tonnage of the ships ibat have entered inwards from and cleared outwards for foreign ports in the week ending the 15th Aug., 1857, as well as the corresponding year 1856. It appears that during the last week 94 ships of an aggregate tonnap of 50,190 tons entered inwards, against 145 ships, 79,284 -one in 1856, being a decrease of 51 in the number of Tips, and a decrease of 29,014 tons in the tonnage ; ihe number of clearances outwards during the week, 119 ships, of a tonnage of 55,788 tons, against 94 ships and 49,422 tons in 1856, being an increase of 25 ships and a decrease of 6,356 tons. The total number of ships re ported inwards from foreign ports during the present . year up to th e 15 t h A u g. was 2,787, with a tonnage f 1,507,453 t ons , aga i ns t 2,732, and 1,566,636 tens inthe year 1856, showing an increase of 55 ships an clearedd a de crease of 59,183 tons. The total number of mtwards for foreign ports during the ships present y ear u p to the 15th Aug. was 3, 263 with a tonnage of 1, . tons, against 3,013 ships, an d 1,597,471 ton 6 s s i 3 f t i be year 1856, showing an increase of 250 ships and 56,241 tons. Here is an instance :—One great engine for the goveinment of India has given way. .People are saying that we must consider the further use of it as hopeless ; that we mint throw it aside and look out for another ; that the large native army must be wholly superseded for a smaller European one. On the other hand, it is said that it will never do to govern India entirely by an English army ; that it would - be the worst confession for us to make, and a complete departure from the ground we have all along taken—viz., that we were naturalized rulers of India, like the reigning races and dynas ties that preceded us, governing India not as suc cessful invaders, but as its adopted guardians. On this latter idea it would be as absurd for us to exclude natives from our army in India as it would have ben for our Norman Kings to exclude Saxons ; because we are no longer foreigners in India, however we may have been once, but possess a union of interests with the natives, as fellow-subjects alike of the Queen, sharing the same institutions and enjoying the nine liberty. Sime may say this is more a theory than a fact, but it must be al m4'o4 that this profession has gone on now so long that it would be awkward for us to depatt from it and govern India like invaders. What you want, then, is to keep your Native Army, but to have a tighter hold of it. You want such a connexion with home as would bring the Home Government into a very close contact with the Sepoy, so that it will cease to be a vague and distant Power to him. But this is exactly what the electric telegraph does. The sepoy will know that every thing he does will be known immediately in Eng land. Ho will feel England close to him every hour of the day. Ha will never be able to get out of the mysterious proximity, which will sit on him like a niglitinale the instant he tries to rebel against it, and strangle the plot before it is horn. But the electric t -legraph will do more than its own task ; it will infallibly bring on a quicker military transit to India—the pas4age by the Alex. andrian Rail , oad and Suez. With the rapidity of the news from India we shall not be able to tole rate the present slow sea passage of troops to India. The freshness of the news will give a spur to action, an 1 the nearer we are to the spot in know ledge the quicker we shall wish to gr-t there in person. Tna truth is, the electric t-legraph will have a tantalisitig effect at first lint 1 we have got accustomed to the new measurement— he new re latt-n_ of news from India to the journey to India. The instant we hear from India of a great mutiny or war by electric telegraph we shall 'Wish fur an elec ric telegraph to send troop s t o I n di a t o b y; but as this is nut within the resou r .. es o f science, we must be con'ent with the Alexandria n route as the next best transit. But, if this will then appear, as it certainly will do, exceed ingly slow, the old sea pazsage will be intolerable. At any rat?, then, the electric telegraph must be followed by the Alexandrian route, otherwise we shall only gain six weeks out of five months in our equipment and transmission of troops on any such e m ergency as the present to India. This, of course, will be worth gaining, but it will not be a miraculous change. Add on, however, the gain of another six weeks in the transit of troops, and you reduce five months to a little more than two months, as the whole time which is necessary be tween the very first outbreak of such a mutiny in India and its repression by troops from England. Consider, then, the immense difference that this will make to the mind of the Sepoy. This present mutiny broke out on the 10th of May la-t, the news of it reached this country on the 27th of June, reinforcements fir putting it down lett at the end of July, and will arrive in India about the beginning of November. That is at present the interval between a military outbreak and its effective punishment,—the distance between the middle of Mey and November. But with the Electric Telegraph and the route by Alexandria such a mutiny would have been suppressed by the middle or end of last month by troops tha left this country after the news of the events. Such a new machinery, however, we need not say, will act by way of prevention rather than of cure. The Indian Sepoy will not mutiny when he knows that punishment will follow so certainl and so immediately. He will feel himself under a new power. The übiquity of England will fil his imagination and subdue his murmurs ; it will stand by his bedside, at his table, and at his hut do ; and we shall have to thank sc ience for in venting a now hold over the Sepoy just at the time when it was so sadly wanted. THE REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS ON THE CIE MTS.—The publication of the report of the commie hioner4 on the number of the judges and the re -arrange went of the circuits haN just been circulated. •Tne re port expresses a decided opinion against leesPning the numher of the judges. With regard to the circuits, it re commends an aslizt for Manche ter,Ai the circuit is said to be too long, that York shall be taken from it and added to the Midland circuit ; that, as a kind of compensation, Warwi3k shall be taken from the Mid land and added to the Oxford Circuit ; and that Here ford and S.:rewsbury shall be taken for the like reason from the Oxf,ird and added to the Welsh circuits. The report also reclnimends a consolidation of the anima of tome of the smaPer Welsh counties to save time and ex pense by converting the two Welsh circuits into one. The report then recommends a third civil assize for Yorkshire, Liverpool, and Bristol, to be held at the same time as the winter gaol deliveries for these places. I a i c .B h e a o e i nt be held in at L e t c o o fmonicetT l b s e r t , h a a f t te t r he w l b an icb g t v i m a c o a t a io o n d should e l he gsinay concerned, the only an London. So far as the country at large ad. wa s Term Nisi Prins sittings is changes therefore recommended by the report are ditional winter civil assize at the large tiwns of York and Liverp 01, and an additional assize for Manchester and Bristol, [ADVERTISEMENT.I—Du Barry's delicious Revalenta Arabic,. 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