The Sun. — London, England, 1840-05-01 00:00:00

li EVENING EDITION. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. 1 Last night a scene occurred in this theatre which all bet k ? surpassed in vi o l ence and uproar the 0. P. rows in 1,..09 ill , perfo rmances announced for the evening . were I pu - i liant, and a ball e t i n w hi c h M a d amo i se ll e Center was to appear for the first time. During the performance of the °Pere there was to disturbance. It was received thr6ugh -1 raet with much applause, and at the close the principal performers were called for, and greeted with loud marks of approbation. Immediately afterwards strong symptoms of d eapprobation were manifested among a portion of the audience and when the orchestra began the overu-e to the ballet tho mal conten t s b urs t ou t i n to such an uproar that the musicians could not proceed. There was then a " 11 of " Laporte," mixed occasionally with the name of amburini. However, M. Laporte did not come forward f or some time, and when be did so he was received wi,h tatich disapprobation by a not very largo, but very noii . portion of the audience. He tried to address the house but, from the great noise, only an occasional sentence could be heard. He said, "It is proper that I should explain, in reference to the name that has b een mentioned.—(Cries of " Engage Tamburini.") 1 cannot speak Engl:sh so well as you; but as there are engagements far the opera at Paris, i: is necessary to look for talent elsewhere."—( Cries of ", Not true," " He is here," and great dissappro bati")• This is like intimidation." M. Laporte retired amidst a great noise, and the band becran to play the intro ductio n to the ballet. The disturbs destroyed the effect of the music, and the band stopped. M. Laporte a gain came forward. He said, " I have catered for the Publi c for 20 years, and I have procured all the talent that Possibly could be procured.—(Cries of " Engage Tam bur' • , I °'• .) The person who is responsible for the engage 'floats must have some discretion allowed him."—(Great 11°4 °.) M. Laporte retired, and the curtain drew up, and displayed a very beautiful scene, and about fifty of t he corps de ballet. By this time the great majority of t ° , .‘ house wished to see the ballet, and those who w ished to prevent it by this time did not exceed thirty in all, some ten or twelve of whom were Y o ung men of fashion, who occupied two boxes on the stageone on the right, and the other on the left. The corps de ballet stood still on the stage for upwards of an hoar. The moment the band began to play the dis turbance was renewed. M. Laporte came forward three I° °re distinct times. He said, amidst great disturbance, 80 that only a sentence could occasionally be heard, that it 1 . 46 of no use f o r hi m t o ma k e engagements if hi s means did, not allow him t o f u lfil th em . B u t at l ast h e sa id, as too Public appeared to wish it, he would make proposds L S ignor Tamburini. Up on t hi s t h e b an d recommence d ying'. and many p ersons suppose d w h at t h e b a ll et wou ld . gin, but i nstea d o f t h at t h e young men of fashion in tne thtwo boxes on the stage, who bad been before so active in e distu r b ance, j umpe d f rom the i r boxes on to the stage; o curtain fell, and everybody left the theatre. rM. Laporte was very indistinctly heard owing to the tre eel-410ns uproar, and accor di ng l y hi s wor d s are g i ven dif rentlY in most of th e p a p ers . O ne paper states t h at •h e R"ld engage Tamburini on the usual terms, another that was quite i m p oss ibl e to g i ve hi m t h at h e h a d b e f ore, an d cthird, w hi c h i s t h e more correct, adds, that " nothing I,, are e l y could be heard of what the manager said. " The ° ,ne alto ge th er was not very cre di ta bl e to the ar i stocrat i . "1 audience, that ought to lead fashion in good manners I " good conduct. The Chartists behave themselves like f t e d u ie ti s. emen when compared with these high-bor n l or d s and SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL—YEszEftnAv. A full room, but very little betting. THE DERBY. 5 to 1 agst Lord Westminster's Launcelotl 8 to 1 agst Duke of Cleveland's Theon—taken 1 0 to 1 agst Mr. Houldswortlfs Confederate 11 to 1 agst Lord Albemar,e's A ssa ssin—t a k e n 20 to I agst Luce'ta—taken 20 to 1 agst Muley Ishmae:—taken 22 to 1 agst Captain Gardnor's Monops 25 to 1 agst 111 r. Etwall's Melody colt—taken 25 tot agst Angelica—taken 30 to 1 agst Black Bess 30 to 1 agst Duke of Rutland's Crazy Boy 3* to 1 agst Pathfinder—taken 40 to 1 agst Gambia—taken 40 to 1 agst Maroon 40 to 1 agst Wardan 1 000 to 20 agst Grey Steel—taken THE OAKS. 3 to 1 agst Lord G. Bentinck's Crucifix—taken 7 to 2 agst Colonel Anson's Blazlc Bess—taken 8 to 1 agst Mr. Wigram's Teleta 10 to 1 agst Lalla Rookh TWO THOUSAND GUINEAS STAKES. 2 tr, 1 agst Crucifix 9 4 to I agst Mr. flouldsworth's Confederate 7 to 2 agst Lord Orford's Angelica colt—taken 7 to I agst Mr. Wreford's Wardan MANCHESTER.—THunsnar. CHESTER CC:P.-6 to 1 agst Cowboy; 6 to 1 agst Daw aon's lot ; 7 to 1 agst Cruiskeen ; 8 to 1 agst Lanercost ; Bto agst Melbourne; I() to 1 agst Dey of Algiers ; 11 to 1 agst Gilbert Gurney ; 16 to 1 agst King Cole ; 18 to 1 agst Cap tain Pops; 25 to 1 agst Aimwell ; 25 to 1 agst The Dean ; 25 to 1 agst Sir Ralph ; 23 to 1 agst George ; 30 to 1 agst the feather weight, Imogene, Tubalcain, FairiLouisa, Profligate, or Slav other. Melbourne arrived at Chester on Monday, in beautiful con dition. Cruiskeen and Wirrestrow are close in the neighbour- Lanercost saw Aintree or. Monday, and by this ti me ll w i be on the forest of Delamere. Fair Louisa is on the road, 4 4 alio is a long string from Dawson's. Roscius will not start. 13 —ATH SPING MEETING.WEDNESAY. " La down Trial Stakes of 15 sovs. each, 10 ft. D , for horses ° pst never won (matches excepted) ; th ree y rs o ld, 7 s t 71b ; Ur yrs, Bst 101 b; five yrs, 9st llb ; six yrs, 9st st; and aged, 9st 71b. Mares wad geldings allowed 31b. Mile and a quarter. (8 subs. ) Vr• Roldswortb's c Confederate, 3 yrs ... ..... ...S. Rogers I "rd G. Bentinck's c Dreadnought, :3 yrs 2 Won in a canter by two lengths. The Weston Stakes of 3 1 ) sovs. each, 20 It., and 20 added, for two yrs old colts, Bst 71b ; and fillies, bst 41b ; the produce of untried horses or mares allowed 41b. The straight half tile. (6 subs. ) eaotain Williams's Decision Walked over The Bath Handicap Stakes of 20 sows. each, h. ft , and only 5 if declared, &c., with 20 sovs. added. One mile and a half Ti an 'A a distance. (20 subs., 10 of whom declared. ) : 41 . S. Herbert's Arctic, bb, aged, 9,st 31b (Conelly) 1 Galpine's Blemish, 3 yrs, 6st 121 b .. 2 %Ir. MattiiPws's Master Teddy, b b, 4 yrs, 7st 101 b — 1 4 , 1 ". Westb roo k' s C er berus, b b, 4 yrs, 7st 101 b 4 l'ne Ladies' Cup of 301., added to a Sweepstakes of 5 sovs. e ach, for horses mt thorough-bred ; 3 yrs, 9st 51b, 4 yrs, lOst 71b, 5 vrs, Iht 21b, 6 yrs and aged Ilst 71b ; mares and geldings allowed 3ths ; winners of 50/ once 31b: extra, three t imes or more 71b extra, and winners of 1001 at any one time Sib in addition. Gentlemen riders. One mile and a N.rhalf and a distance. (11 subs.) • 11 .NIeley's Bellissima, 5 yrs (Mr. W. Sadler) I Wheeldon' s b c Cracksman, 4 yrs T. Rawlins nd b m Mary 'Wood, 6 yrs ... 3 r- C• 13. Codrington nd c h f L a dy Georgiana 3 yrs 4 PRICE OF SUGAR. EFFECT OF MONOPOLY. , 4 1 , 4 . 1 ) 1i 1e thawi ng t h e ex- d uty pr i ce o f West India Sugar . `'. l lc lane,in and comp ar i ng th e same against that o, Sugara:— Th e London, May 1, 1840. Gazette of this evening will quote the average price of British Plantation Muscovado Per Cwt. ,ougar, exclusive of duty, at or The actual quantity of West India Sugar sold on account e „„ t he importers, in the week ending the 28th ult, ac- G i l ng to returns made upon oath, by the West 414 Sugar Brokers, in conformity with the Act of Par. b s t ill erit, and on which quantity the above price is corn ' consisted of 1,145 hhds. 80 trs. and 305 barrels. i n. :, he amount of duty paid on about 1,320 libels of West 17 ' 5 ,' 4 Sugar, at the Custom-house of this port, from the ,i,' to the 23d of April, both days inclusive, was 23,8601. h ou he practice removing Sugar from the bonded ware to,2e4 of London to those of other markets under a cus "111 certificate, frequently deceives the public into . 33 belief t h at t h e sales of West India Sugar in Mine te-lane excee d t h e quantity sworn to by the Brokers ; c bock Companies supply weekly returns of the number of casks delivered from their warehouses, but they make no distinction between those Sugars deli_ Ir2red, on which the duty has been paid, and those shipped under bond to he sold at the outports ; unless, therefore, Attention be paid to the broker's returns of sales, the total quantity of Sugar delivered from the docks would be mis taken for the quantity really disposed of for consumption. To guard, however, as much as possible against error, or misconception, we publish, besides an account of sales, the weekly amount of duty paid on West India Sugar—the litter statement corroborating the accuracy of the former. Foreign Sugars may be bought on much the same terms as our last week's quotations, and are, taking quality for quality, about 19i. per cwt, cheaper than West India Suga r . In order to protect, as it is called, the interests of the West India proprietors, foreign Muscovado Sugars are landed with a duty of 635. per cwt., being 395. per Zt. more than the duty imposed on British Colonial t 4 ` u • gar until, therefore, the p r i ce o f th e l atter excee d s st r . h h , o. t.e former 355. p cwt. the laws insist Br that „„.' nation shall have b e no other Sugar , than that of itish o , oV‘th . d ar itefined S ugar, equa l i n qual i ty to the double loaf stan d is manufactured in London f rom f ore i gn raw S ugar, ed , s sold for exportation at (deducting the shipping 4r ges) 335. per cwt. If it were not for undue fa :uritsai towards the West India body, this Sugar 'uld be retailed, duty paid, to the public at 7d. per p ij(l44 d• There is no question but that the lowness of this s rie e , w)nld so materially augment the consumption of at - Far that the revenue derived from it would be increased r ,, r east by a million and a half per annum. e h 'nder the pretence of supplying the poor man with a f r Ca p sneet, West India Treacle is admitted to home use ti e l e a ' t )f ri d ut y ; the value of the treacle, however, being re e'4 hy the monopoly price of West India Sugar, pus's the poor man just as much as he would have to fo r duty free double refined Sugar, made from foreign 1. 1 4 ". If the Government were sincere, and really de °rod that t h e poor of this country s h ou ld en j o y th e use °1 a chev sweet, for which purpose they state they are e -Irltt•nt to sacrifice the duty on treacle—why do they not U ` mat the treacle resulting from the process of refining in 'rei g n Sugar to be admitted to consumption without pay tl-1"t of duty The working classes could then supply Lemßelyes with good and wholesome treacle from the a "den refineries, at 13s. 6d. per cwt., instead of paying i s th ey now do, per cwt. for an inferior kind, made 'rem 'West India AlolaFscs. I, ' DI STURBANCE ON FIIE Y ORK AND NORTH ITht•ANI) RAILWAY.—On Tuesday last a serious and dm trrakeful disturbance took place on 111 r. John Stephenson's con- N ae t i on the a b ove li ne, i mmediately adjoining the Altofts ( " 4 Midland contract. A general row. and many pugilistic comb ats took p l ace amongst t h em. On the arrival of the police missile were thrown at them. A b r i c k b at struc k and stunned jr• Stephenson. On Wednesday the whole were examined uqorts the Ites at the Town-hall, Pontefract, and seven theta fuily a' & s m 'r mitted to take their trials at the next West Sessions.—Leeds Mercury. malia. MAGAZINE DAY. BLACKWOOD. The tale of " Ten Thousand aYear"—the pro duction evidently of a lawyer—again " drags its slow length along" in this Number. We do n©t mean by this to imply that the story is an indifferent one, but that there is too much of it. The inci dents are overdone—the descriptions amplified without mercy. A little judicious curtailment would add greatly to the vigour and animation of the narrative. The best portion of the present chapter is the sketch of the dinner -party at lawyer Quirk's, which exhibits some racy touches of humour, closely bordering, however, on caricature. " Frew deville's Milton" is a delightful mixture of arch sarcasm and sound criticism. The Reviewer, in opposition to the Reviewed, stoutly contends for the superiority of Homer to Milton—and with some reason, for in fire, simplicity, and direct straightforwardness of manner, the old Greek is incomparably the best of the two. If we except his auctione e r-lik e c at a logue of ships, which George Robins might have drawn up with quite as much skill, there ar e no such cheery passages in the " Iliad" as those in Paradise Lost, where " God, the Father, twits a school divine." But then again, there is no description in Homer—not even where Neptune in the, full might and majesty of godhead, is represented as striding forward to the assistance of his favourites—so full of pure, un leavened sublimity, as that of Satan, whose brow " deep scars of thunder had entrenched." To find the equal of this, we must turn to Job and Isaiah, and the mat vellous picture of Tyre in Ezekiel. The Reviewer, we sea, makes a passing allusion to Addison's Criticism on Paradise Lost. It is smooth enough, and elegant enough ; but it wants depth, feeling and discrimination. Addi son had no very subtle or elevated notions of poetry ; and when he puts on, what ALlton calls, " the singing robes of the poet" himself, he cuts a most awkward and constrained figure, like a man attempting to dance a • hornpipe in fetters. What is his " Cato" but an elegant petrifaction ? What his " Campain," but a series of monotonous rhymes addressed exclusively to the ear and the eye ? Alluding incidentally to Milton's early life, the Re viewer charges Mr. Prendeville with pronouncing " the well-established fact that Milton had incurred severe academical censure, a pure fiction." For once in a way Mr. Prendeville is right. The story is a pure fiction. Here are the great poet's own words, which we quote from his account of his " Early Life and Writings." We cannot choose but believe him, for who would think of coupling the august name of Milton with base, deliberate falsehood ?—" This libeller of my youth spent at the University lath given me an apt occasion to ac knowledge publicly with all grateful mind, that more than ordinary favour and respect, which I found above any of my equals at the hands of those courteous and learned men, the fellows of that College wherein I spent some years ; who at my parting, after I had taken two degrees, as the manner is, signified many ways how much better it would content them that I should stay ; as by many letters full of kindness and loving respect, both before that time and long after, I was assured of their singular good affection towards me." John son, who was well acquainted with the prose works of Milton—as some of his most striking thoughts in Rasselas show, especially where Imlac is the speaker—should have borne in mind this pas sage, before he sate down to write the memoir of our great Epic poet. " Judith ; or the Opera Box," is a translation of one of Scribe's nouvellettes. The tale is amusing, and gallops on at tailway speed. " Goethe's Life and Works " old Goethe again ! We arc quite sick of the sub ject, and would just as soon read through Cocker's Arithmetic, as a criticism ol the overrated author of Faust. " The Dead Man of St. Ann's Chapel " is a tale of murder and mystery—two most popular ingredients in a work of fiction—and will doubtless be soon transmuted, by the magic touch of Mr. Fitzball, into a Coburg melodrame. From the piquant strictures on " Prendeville's Milton," we quote the Reviewer's speculations on the " Leviathan Mr. Prendeville is at pains to prove, from Newton and others, that the leviathan here described is not the crocodile, but the whale. He is certainly very like a whale ; whereas the crocodile is in the habit of standing, and lying too, with his hands in his breeches pckets—a picturesque peculiarity pointed out by the late lamented Lord Castlereagh ; but of which no mention is made by Milton. Bishop Newton holds him to be a whale en two grounds : first, that " the crocodile is not found on the Norway coast ;" and second, that he is " too small and agile an animal to answer the description." These objections are fatal to the claims of the croco dile ; but leave it an open question —may he not have been the sea-sarpent ? Yet of the three—crocodile, sea-sarpent, whale—the long odds may be safely offered on blubber. " Scaly rind," the Bishop candidly admits, may appear to point to crock) ; still he holds it is "but a poetic figure to express the rough, wrinkled, hard skin of that animal" —the whale. Mr. Prendeville, in a note of his own—annotating on another description of leviathan " tempesting the ocean," exclaims exult ingly—" It is evident that by leviathan here he means the whale, no matter how learned critics may apply the leviathan in the Book of Job to the crocodile. He distinctly mentions the crocodile (B. vii. 1. 474) as an amphibious animal—whereas leviathan is a fish." But why may not an amphibious animal " haply slumber on the Norway foam ?" Finally—if leviathan be a fish, then he is not a whale ; for though, " as seamen tell," the Kale of Aberdeen comes home from the Straits clean, and the Gin' of Peterhead full of oil ; yet ich thyologists tell a still stranger story, and class the whale, as well as the above whalers, among the mam- NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE. There is too much of imitation in Mr. Hook's present chapters of " Fathers and Sons." Colonel Bruff, with his eternal " That'll do—that'll do," which is repeated usque ad nauseam, is a copy from a nondescript character in Colman's farce of " Ways and Means," who is constantly repeating the same phrase ; and the incident of Mrs. Smylar, the Colonel's housekeeper, who is caught behind the window-curtain, is neither more nor less than a plagiarism from the famous screen-scene in the " School for Scandal." If Mr. Hook must imitate, he should at least have the discre tion to imitate those authors who are the least known to the " pensive public." In " Some Account of the Turkish Pretender," there are some curious details respecting a Turk named Nadir Bey, whom the writer, Miss Romer, encountered on her voyage to Constantinople, and who related to her the following anecdote of Shapdji, a rich Jew, who was put to death by order of the late Sultan Mah moud, for no other reason than that his Highness was anxious to possess himself of the Israelite's exchequer : He was the richest individual in the Jewish quarter of Constantinople, and accounted one of the wealthiest men in the empire. One evening as Sultan Mahmoud was taking the air in his State barge upon the 13ospho rus, a caique passed by, containing besides the rowers, only one man, who, to screen himself from the wind, had thrown a shawl over his head ; probably that muffling prevented his seeing the Sultan, for he passed by with out making any obeisance. " Who is that man ?" in. quired Mahmoud sternly, of one of the attendants who sat at his feet. " In Stamboul," replied the officer, " there are two men, mighty in the possession of count less riches ; the great Sultan Mahmoud is the first— after him comes Shapdji, the Jew—he is the man !" and he pointed to the humble caique lessening into distance. Early on the following morning Shapdji was awakened by loud knocking at the entrance of his dwelling ; with an instinctive dread of some misfortune menacing him, he commanded his servants not to open to the intruders ; but upon hearing a voice from without proclaim that a messenger from the Sultan desired to speak with him, he hasten& d to unbar the door himself, and had no sooner thrown it open than he fell a strangled corpse across the threshold. His immense wealth was seized upon in the name of the Sultan, and peculation was attri buted to him in order to give a colouring of justice to the horrible catastrophe which had cut him off from the living—but his riches were his only crime, and the Su!- tan devoted them to building the splendid new palace of "the stone cradle," upon the European side of the Bosphorus, which surpassed in elegence and magnificence all the other imperial residences that line those enchant ing shores. The judgment of Heaven has, however, fallen upon the stately pile whose foundations had been laid in the innocent blood of Shapdji, and within the last year it has been completely destroyed by fire. " The " Gamesters" is an impressive story from the practised pen of the Countess of 'Blessington. The denouement is spiritedly brought about. " Nimrod in France is a continuation of Mr. A p perley's Illustrations of French Character. He is partial to our lively and mercurial neighbours, we see ; and not without reason. Alluding to the punishment of death, he says—" I had rather be twice guillotined than once hanged, and 1 speak on something approaching to expeticuce. I have been within four yards of a man when hanged, and was convinced that, although the executioner com mitted no error, his sufferings must have been dreadful. He had large buttons on his coat, and the convulsive distortions of his body caused them to jingle together in a manner horrible to the eye and the ear. Admitting that example is the end of capital punishment, that presented by the guillo tine must be by far the most powerful." Of Mrs. Trollope's " Widow Married" we need here say nothing, as we have already noticed the work in its collected form of three volumes. "On the Uses and Abuses of Truth" is a light agreeable essay ; and the same may be said of the '' Ad vantages of Being Too Late." FRA SE R' S MAGAZLVE. The first article in the Number before us, on the " Primitive Tradition of Heathen Nations," may please zealous antiquarians—Mr. Jonathan Oldbuck would have been delighted with it—but will assuredly be perused with impatience by the generality of read ers. Our objection to it, notwithstanding the in genuity of some of its speculations, is, that it has no definite commencement, and arrives at no defi- nite conclusion. The " Castle of Dullness "is a sprightly poem in the lambic metre, whose rhymes not unfrequently are quite Hudibrastic in their skill and drollery. We subjoin a portion of the firs! canto, which will remind the reader of Butler's more pointed and :ententious manner : Philosophers, who have got at her, Sly nature is but mind and matter; Thou g h some declare the last unreal, And beef and pudding but ideal— Mere shadows which our fancies cheat, As beggars feast on steams of meat. Would you their sophistry confute, And end at once the vain dispute, Knock but their heads against a post, They'll find it real, and to their cost. Wranglers of metaphysic wit Resemble sawyers in a pit : With quick return from each is sent The bright and cutting instrument ; And as the knottier grows their stuff, Tha job gets tougher and more tough ; Whilst their old saws rub off their rust, And fill our cars with noise and dust. But, be this question as it may, Matter we own has had its day ; And all men's thoughts are now inclined • To expedite the march of mind. In days of yore, the use of a head Was only to get buffeted ; Skulls were not valued for their quickncv, But, e conirario, for their thickness ; And those which bore the hardest knock We held to be the best of blocks. By bumps and blows did honour come, Unless they fell upon the bum ; Whist folks perversely took ;alarm At those which did the smallest harm : For where is man more safely beat Than on his honourable seat ? " A tale of the year 1655 " refets to Mon mouth's rebellion in the West of England, when Colonel Kirke, one of the greatest scoundrels that ever degraded human nature, made himself noto rious by his cruelties. The leading incident of the story—namely, that of a young girl submitting to dishonour in order to save her brother's life—has been often related, and :Is very likely to have occurred, especially when such a wretch as Kirke was one of the parties concerned in the outrage. " Secret So cieties and Political Clubs" is an entertaining arti cle ; but why does the writer, while enumerating the other societies of Paris, omit all mention of the "Ja cobins " and the"Cordeliets "—the most influential political clubs that ever existed, and which were the prime originators of most of the great changes that have convulsed Europe for the last thirty years and upwards ? The " Church in the Isle of Man " consists of brief biographical sketches of several Prelates who have held that see. " A Trip across the Spanish Frontier " is lively gossip. " A Full, True, and Particular Account of her Ma jesty's Marriage is dreary doggrel. The Christmas bell-man could turn out better rhymes. " A Chap ter on Duelling" is an intelligent essay, sound alike in argument and principle. '' Brougham's De mothenes" is another analytical notice of his Lord ships translation of the " Crown," wherein the Re viewer, alluding cursorily to the Times critic's remark on the word 3,svO, , ,..scriv, that it means " fruit trees," as serts, on the contrary, that it " is applied only to un derwood." Now the critic in the Times is right, and Eraser's Reviewer wrong, as will be seen by these lines, which we quote from memory—not having the book at hand to refer to—from Anacreon's Ode to the Dove : " Y.2OIELY a7 s r.loY 71 ." Here vr: 0" IV evidently means " fruit trees," from which the dove is to peck " something wild"— that is to say, fruit ; and in no sense whatever can it apply to undurwood, because it is on the branches of tall trees, and not among the jungles, that this bird is generally found to perch. As regards the word ;;;":;?, , ,y, this less applies to forest trees in their natural state of growth, than to these same trees when cut down and forming timber. " Log" is the nearest translation we can give of it. There is much reading shown in the review in Fraser ; but after all, the time devoted to this pedantic sort of reading is sadly wasted. Better to be a hound historian than the acutest " word catcher" that ever detected a false quantity, or regulated the metre of a Greek chorus. MONTHLY CHRONICLE. " Church and State in Prussia" indulges in some wholesome and pertinent strictures on the K►ng of Prussia's late attempt to establish a strict uniformity of belief among his subjects. Assuredly his Majesty is no Solomo►►, albeit a crowned-head. lie had much better confine himself to regulating the buttons of his soldiers ; for herein, as Napoleon archly observed, he showed decided genius—in fact, all the taste of the most artistical tailor. But to insist on men's thinking all the same way— holding the same doctrines—clinging to the same minute points of belief ! Who, but a thick-skulled bigot, could ever have dreamed of such an absur dity ? By the way, taking of bigotry, we cannot resist the temptation of quoting these spirited re marks : " Bigotry, with a bard, iron, inflexible gaze ; Fana ticism, with a fierce, red, self-consuming glare ; ugly Phorcys' daughters, with one eye between them, and that eye looking eternally one way, and one tooth, preg nant with the poison of sanctified malignity ;—these two monsters you shall often find, by an art of transmutation well known to the devil, in the shape of amiable young men, reading Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, at Oxford ; marvellously wise in the wisdom of antiquity ; curiously trained up, by a cunningly devised system of intellectual mechanics, to quote the Bible in support of all ; boasting much of a learning called classical ; deeply read in folioed Fathers ; and in the vast volume of Earth's history (as a miser's fears turn always on gold), seeing only the long genealogy of their own madness." " Some Recollections of Childhood" allude to those ghastly ideas and fancies which are so apt to haunt the mind of youth. A volume of ingenious specu lation might be written on this theme—how it is that children who have been carefully debarred by their parents from hearing or reading ghost stories, shall yet start up in the dark, convulsed with horror at some spectral shape that stands visibly before them. " The War with China" gives an impartial summary of the causes that led to our quarrel with the authorities of Canton. We recommend the ar ticle to Sir James Graham's perusal. If we mis take not, he will be much edified by it. The " Convict System of Van Diemen's Land" is a useful paper, and would be still more so, were it less prosy. But the author writes as if with a pen steeped in laudanum. In " Hints on Dramatic Versification" we find some highly laudatory com ments on " Marlowe's mighty line." There is certainly much fire and energy in his " Faustus" and " Edward the Second ;" but as for his rhymed poem on " Hero and Leander''—to which, w e presume, the writer chiefly alludes—it is, with the exception of one passage descriptive of a sudden sun-rise, most unmitigated fustian and twaddle__ stuffed with cold allegorical conceits, and about as melodious in versification, as is the grating o f a hand-saw against a marlin-spike. "Ode to Cl ara Novella" is a passable piece of rhyming. DUBLIN UNIVERSITY MA GA ZINE. In an essiav on the " Intellectuality of Domestic Animals," which, though heavy as a whole, con tains one or two curious anecdotes, the writer speaks with becoming respect of the superior intelligence of pigs. He is perfectly correct in so speaking. The porcine nature is remarkable for its sagacity and quick-wittedness ; though we must add, in com mon justice, that it is equally remarkable for its obstinacy and perverseness. Leigh Hunt has an amusing paper on this subject in his " Indicator," and we arc all aware of the extraordinary stubborn ness and tenacity of will that characterise the Trish porker. In the first place, he never will have his THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY, MAY 1, 1840 1 throat cut quietly and like a Christian ; and, se condly, if - he is requested by his driver to go in a particular direction, he makes a point of turning tail and bolting off like a shot just the clean contrary way. We once had the rare luck to see a large party of pigs embarked on board ship ; it was a perilous undertaking, and the only way it was accomplished was by . the drivers catching hold of the refractory swine by the tails and pulling them away from the vessel. The obstinate nature of the animals was instantly roused into activity ; and by way of showing that they had a will of their own, and asserting the liberty of the subject, they all at once rushed on board with as much fury as they did in the days of old, when Satan, " with seven others more wicked than himself," took pos session of their bodies, and forced them to throw a summerset into the Lake of Gennezareth. The " Gallery of Illustrious Characters" contains a pm.- trait, accompanied with a memoir of Dean Swift. The memoir is ably mitten, but it is much too eulogistic. The writer insists warmly on the Dean's friendly and affectionate nature, in proof of which he adduces the fact that after the quarrel between Bolingbroke and Harley, Swift re sisted all the splendid offers of the former Minister, in order to visit and console the latter in his dis grace. This seems plausible enough ; but how stand the facts ? 'At the time when Bolingbroke iriade these tempting offers of advancement, the Queen was on her bed of death, and, the instant she died, Swift well knew the Tory party would •be scattered to the winds. 'What sacrifice was there then of self interest to friendship under circumstances like these ? His power would have been but for a week or two ; but had it been otherwise—could he have foreseen a chance of Anne's recovery, and Bolingbroke's consequent continuance in office, Swift was not the man to have made a sacrifice of his interests on the altar of feeling, His conuuct therefore to Harley after his fall—knowing, as he well did, that Bolingbroke must soon fall too—we look on as a mere flash in the pan. The Dean had many worldly acquaintances ; but he never had a friend. His nature was repel lant, not conciliatory ; he put faith in no one—not even in Dr. Sheridan, whom he professed so much to love ; and even his humour, which in most peo ple is accompanied by something like bonhommie and cordiality of temperament, was in him the mere cold humour of a shrewd and alert under standing. The writer observes that Court intrigues deprived Swift of a bishopric. They did so, and the chief agent in the affair was Arch bishop Sharpe, who himself took the " Tale of a Tub' to Queen Anne, and impressed on her the flagrant impropriety of making the author of such a work a Bishop, though he afterwards regretted the share he had taken in the intrigue. The writer does not seem to be aware of these facts, but he will find them alluded to in Hawkesworth's tame, com mon-place Memoir of Swift. Of the remaining ar ticles in the Number there are none that call for any particular notice. TAIT'S MAGAZINE. The progress of the Corn-law agitation has fur nished materials for a clever article in Tait's co lumns of this month. The writer is sanguine as to the speedy triumph of the abolitionists. " In gliston," is a clever review of a Tale so called, from the pen of Grace Webster—a writer of no ordinary ability, judging from the extracts quoted by the Reviewer, for we have not seen the book itself. A " Defence of Modern Poetry," by Ebenezer Elliott, the Corn-law Rhymer, is a revival of the old contest about the rival claims of the ancient and modern poets to pre-eminence. Ebenezer Elliott professes to know nothing of the language of Greece, and yet he hazards the following bold as sertion :—" Page. for page, I believe there is more of the truth of poetry in Scott than Homer I" No man that ever reada line of Homer in th e or i ginal, could have entertained such a belief for an instant. " Recollections of Days in Belgium, " by Amelia Opie, is a light gossiping article, such as we love to read in hot weather, when appeals to our deeper feelings would be sure to melt us altogether. " Hints for Historians," contains a curious passage from the memoirs of Tallemont des Reaux, the con temporary of the great Sully, the original manu script of which is preserved in the Bibliotheque Royale of Paris. It ought to make us a little cautious how far we credit the fidelity of the por traits which Ministers of State hand down to pos terity as exact likenesses of themselves : " Sully is fond of boasting that when the Due di Biron, and twelve other of the first gentlemen of the Court of Henry I V., were getting up a ballet, they could not manage their performances till the King commanded him to take a part in it. Dancin g is Sully's weak side. Every evening till the King's death, La Roche (his Ma jesty's valet de chambre, who was famous for playing on the lute the fashionable dances of his day), used to per form at the Arsenal, where Sully, as grand master of the artillery, then resided, in order that the minister might practise his steps—a feat which he always per formed in the singularly shaped velvet cap he usually wore in his private study. The spectators of this cu rious performance were Duret, President de Chevry, La Clavelle, Seigneur de Chevigny, and several women of indifferent reputation ; all of whom passed a portion of the day with him in buffoonery and riot. It was scarcely possible to be more clumsy than Sully's per formance as a dancer ; but those of his household were expected to be loud in their applauses. It was for this purpose that the grand master constructed in the Ar senal the ball-room, having a double gallery for specta tors, of which he acted as door-keeper when ballets were performed. . . Sometimes he would get on horseback, and perform feats of horsemanship in the Court-yard of the Arsenal, and so awkwardly as to be an object of universal de- rision. When Henry IV. appointed Sully Minister of nance, the " virtuous Minister" affected to have an in ventory of his property drawn up, which he deposited in the hands of the King, stating that he intended to live on his salary, and economize his private fortune, which consisted at that time in the small estate of Resny. Soon afterwards, he effected such immense acquisitions in land, that every body made a jest of his fine inven tory, the King among the first. One day, as Henry and his courtiers were standing on a balcony overlook ing the court-yard of the Louvre, as Sully approached and attempted to perform his obeisances, he stumbled and fell, " Don't be surprised," said the King, ad dressing his companions, " the strongest of my Swiss guards would be puzzled to stand upright, if he had on his head such a weight of corruption." At one time Sully was so detested by the peop'e for his rapacities, that they cut down, as a mark of con tempt, the elm trees which he had caused to be planted on the highroads of the kingdom—" These are Rosnys, let us make Birons of them !" cried they, in allusion to the recent decapitation of the Marechal de Biron. Sully's conversation in his own family was obscene to a degree that will not bear recapit u l a tio n . A mo n g other incidents on which he expended his coarse hu mour, was the infidelity of his wife. In building his house he caused a private staircase to be made to her apartment, stating that it was to favour the escape of her gallants. " I don't care to meet them on my own stairs, cried he, " as I might be tempted to make them jump from top to bottom." Sully was inordinately fond of personal display. He used to wear jewels and neckchains five-and-twenty years after the fashion of such trinkets was exploded. When tricked out in his finery, lie was fond of saunter ing under the arcades of the New Place Roy joining his princely residence in the Rue St. Antoine), followed by a retinue of ill - acco utred . retainers. To wards the end of his days, when residing on his estate at Sully, or in his chateau de Villebon, he kept in his household some twenty shabby esquires, and eight or ten decayed gentlemen, to turn out and form a li ne of ceremony for him whenever he quitted or re-enter e d the house. In addition to these he bad a sort of Swiss guard, which followed his litter when he went airing on the high road. These are the carious chronicles of an observant con temporary, a contemporary who also records of H enr i I V., that, in spite of his p rowess in the field, he was invariably attacked with dysentery when the enemy came in sight, and could never resist the temptation Co lay his hands upon whatever property fell in his way, Henri used to say of himself, that had he not b een a Sovereign, he should have died on the gallows. The first public love affair of the yen galant wa s w i t h t h e beautiful nun at Passy; and his last war was undert a k en in pursuit of the youthful wife of his friend and relativ e . Henri admitted his courtiers to strange familiarities. Marshal Bassompierre was one day describi ng t o hi m the beauty of a certain mule on which, as ambassador of France, he had made his public entry into Madrid. " That must have been a fine sight," cried the Kin' ; " an ass mounted on a mule." " Your Majesty forgets that I was there as your re presentative," replied Bassompierre ; a sally Which was rewarded by the hearty laughter of the King, THE COLONIAL MAGAZINE. Every question of our Colonial policy t ouc h e d upon in this Magazine is ably, temper a t e l y, and I judiciously treated. The Editor, Mr. R o b ert Montgomery, is eminently practical in his views and suggestions ; and the c o i,„E c t Magazine in his hands, conveys more useful information in one Number than is to be found in volumes of vast pretensions upon our Colonial his tory and policy. The present Number contains nine oriainal articles, severally on the colonization of New Zealand—commerce and civilization of Africa —the Canadas—Van Diemen's Land—and con cludes with a review of the past and present state of the Russian navy, upon which we shall have something to say hereafter in our leading columns. Spirited woodcuts illustrate the article on New Zealand. UNITED Sk.RVICE JOURNAL. There are generally some well-timed articles in this Journal ; and the present Number contains an historical and descriptive notice of Aden, lately cap tured by the British, which just now will be sure to be read with interest. " Records of an Expedition up the Quorra, or Niger," which was undertaken by Captain Allen, in company with the enterprising Lander, is also an article calculated to attract attention. LONDON MAGAZINE. A smart, lively periodical, in which there are several piquant sketches of life ; and two or three poetical pieces, written with feeling and simplicity. There is, however, occasionally too much per sonality in this Magazine. SPORTINO MAGAZINE-NEW SPORTING MA GAZINE-SPORTING REVIEW. We class these periodicals together, because they are all of the same calibre, devoted to the same topics, and illustrated with characteristic plates of nearly equal ability. The Sporting Review puts forth a very picturesque landscape sketch, entitled " Chamois Shooting on the Jungfrau ;" and the Sporting Magazine a spirited portrait of " Gene ral Gilbert on Vision." MAGAZINE OF DOMESTIC ECONOMY. This is a useful and cheap monthly publication for families. The present Number contains an ar ticle on the distillation and use of spirits of every sort, commencing with brandy and ending with Scotch whiskey. Some of the details on the impo licy of attempting to put down spirit drinking by high duties, and high penalties on smuggling, may be read with benefit by those who would again have recourse to this exploded system. In reference to the illicit distillation of spirits in Ireland it is stated that the reduction of the duty and more merciful laws have produced the effect which severity failed to accomplish. Smuggling is comparatively at an end, and the revenue produced by a duty of 2s. 10d. the gallon, exceeds that which was produced by a duty of ss. 6d. the gallon, in 1822, by nearly half a million sterling. The same rea soning applies to Scotland. The following, how ever, is a still more remarkable instance : " The immoderate consumption of gin has been con sidered at some periods, besides the present, destructive of the public health and morals ; and to such an excess had it arrived about the year 1736, as to attract the notice of the Legislature, who in vain essayed by severe enactments to discourage the use of it. This they at tempted to accomplish by exorbitant duties and exces sive penalties ; for not only was a heavy licence duty exacted of the vendors, but a duty of no less than 20s. per gallon laid on the article itself, while the penalty for selling the smallest quantity of gin that had not paid the duty was 100/., without mitigation. The intention appears to have been, not only to repress the vice of dram-drinking, but to root out the practice altogether. The failure of the means adopted was most remarkable, for the respectable dealers withdrew from a trade thus proscribed by the Legislature, and the business fell into the hands of reckless, profligate individuals, who, having nothing to lose, set the law at deflince. No less than 12,000 persons were convicted of offences connected with the sale of spi r it s d ur i ng t h e s h ort t i me t h e A ct remained in existence (from 1736 to 1 742) ; and in that period, when every possible exertion was made to suppress smuggling, the quantity of smuggled gin con sumed in London alone exceeded 7,000,000 of gallons annually. Finding that the high prohibitory duties could not restrain the excess, but, on the contrary, that they tended to increase it, and that such scenes as those so ably depicted by Hogarth were becoming familiar, and subverting the public morals, the Legislature fairly gave up the struggle, reduced the duty to such a degree as to put an instant stop to smuggling, and thus materially diminished the vice of drunkenness." The Article on the " Sewing Needle," the ma nufacture of which requires no less than one hun dred and twenty successive operations, gives a very intelligible account of the numerous processes. THE CHURCHMAN. The first article in this Number is on " Detrac tion of Ministers" (of the Gospel), and it is not at all merciful or charitable to those who find fault with them. It, in fact, assumes at the very com mencement, that ministers of the English Church are set apart to practically observe the words of the Supreme Being, and that any one who stigmatizes a clergyman, is guilty of rising up against the Church of God. Now the writer ought to have known that this is all assumption—that he is guilty of the very act which he condemns, and that while he defends his Church against the attacks of other Churchmen, he shows the greatest want of charity to all those who differ from her. He, in fact, assumes what the Roman Catholic has always rested his faith upon, the stability of his Church, " because it is founded on a rock." He infers also that these mi nisters perform what they profess—that they live in obedience to the commands of their master, " love their enemies," and " live in charity with all men," while no inference ever was further from the truth. Most Churchmen, we mean the ministers of the Church, are the most uncharitable of mankind, and, to be convinced of this, it is necessary only to listen to the wicked attacks made by the M'Ghees and O'Sullivans on men of as pure morals as them selves, and the cheers with which their attacks are re-echoed by men calling themselves a charitable and Christian people. The article is very charac teristic, and though professedly written by a layman, is certainly as pure a specimen of Church dog matism as ever was indited by a bigoted priest. The article on " Dante" is of a different stamp, and the " Observations on Bishop Burnett's Cha racter of Henry VIII. and Anne Boleyn," are not destitute of impartiality and truth. THE QUEEN AND THE 14Tu DRAGOONS. On Saturday last, during the progress of her Majesty and Prince Albert from Windsor Castle to Buckingham Palace, the following laughable incident alarmed the town of New and Old Brentford, from its propriety, and for a minute or two occasioned feelings of excitement amongst the inhabitants. It appears that on the arrival of the Royal cortege opposite the Coach and Horscs Inn, nearly adjoining the seat of his Grace the Duke of Northumberland, where a relay of horses is customarily stationed, it was found that the fresh escort of the 14th Dragoons, which ought to have met them there to con duct her Majesty to London, was not in attendance. Colonel Cavendish, on observing the omission, immediately acquainted her Majesty with the circumstance, who directed that the escort which ought to have been relieved should continue their attendance to town. After a delay of about ten minutes they accordingly proceeded on their route, but had not advanced more than 500 yards before the expected escort was observed in the rear, coming at full gallop from Hounslow barracks, having mistaken the time appointed, and had been made aware of their error by seeing the Royal carriages pass along the road. Just as the Royal carriage had crossed the bridge, and entered New Brentford, her Majesty was made acquainted with the approach of the relief escort, and she ordered her carriage to be stopped, which was done opposite the Church, where the first escort drew up on each side of the road, with the exception of the advanced guard, who kept posting on in the direction of town. Inspector Marquard, of the 'F division, who was on horseback in advance of the Royal carriage, instantly galloped after them to fetch them back, closely followed by a private of the Dragoons, the horses of both being at their utmost speed. That portion of the road where the Rlyal cortege had drawn up being by an angle hidden from the view of the other parts of the town, the cireumstanc , of seeing an advanced guard galloping with drawn swords along the road, followed by a mounted Inspec tor of Police, who was shouting after them, and lie fol lowed by a another dragoon at a still greater speed, urg ing his steed and as it were trying to ride over the Inspec tor, brought all the inhabitants to their doors and win dows, numbers of whom followed in the wake as far as the cage in the centre of Old Brentford, where the single dragoon having headed the advanced guard, op posed their further progress until his comrades could be made to understand that they were relieved. So rapid was the speed at which the escort, on discovering the mistake, proceeded from Hounslow, that on the arrival of the Royal cortege at Turnham Green, one of the horses was found to be dead beat, and was obliged to be left in the stables of the White Hart Inn, and the horses of the remainder on their arrival in London were covered with foam and scarcely able to stand. A GIANT.—A young man named Joseph Stones, died a short time since at Disley, Lancashire, of the extraordinary height of seven feet three in c h es , with strength ;11 proportion. He was in his 26th year. This gi gan ti c yout h exhibited himself in the Zoological Gardens, near Manchester, a few months back. MR. O'CONNELL ON THE CONDI TION OF ENGLISHMEN. TO MESSRS. WARREN AND NIGHTINGALE, WHO PRESIDED AS CHAIRMEN AT THE DINNER AND PUBLIC MEETING OF THE ANTI-CORN-LAW OPERATIVES OF THE TOWN OF MANCHESTER. DUBLIN, APRIL 21, 1840. Gentlemen—The courtesy as well as the talent which each of you displayed as chairmen of one of the Anti- Corn-law operative dinners—the good sense as well as the civility which distinguished your conduct on these occasions—justify the confidence I repose in the sound ness of your understanding and the honesty of your in tentions. I witnessed with heartfelt satisfaction the demeanour of one of you—l read with great pleasura the conduct of the other. And, being desirous to sub mit, with unfeigned respect and deference, my opinion upon the course which I deem incumbent upon the moral and peaceable classes of operatives in England to adopt at the present period, I think I cannot place my sentiments before those intelligent operatives under better auspices than those of your names. My anxious desire is to address to your understand ings, and to those of the English and Scotch operatives, what I deem the duty they owe to themselves and their country at the present crisis of public affairs. That there are great sufferings and many privations endured by the British operative classes—great toil for insufficient wages—great industry and great intelligence, without adequate employment or remuneration—the pressure of the national burthens heavy upon all, but crushing to ruin the humbler and poorer classes—the insulting robbery of these classes by the nefarious bread tax—these and multitudinous other evils are suffered, and becoming permanent, in a manner too plain to ad mit of contradiction, and too manifest to be denied, even by the most audacious of the master class ! It is the duty of every honest man—it is the bounden duty of every intelligent man—it is the sacred duty of every parent and of every patriot—to exert all his faculties in order to discover the causes of the existing evils and oppressions, and, if possible, to trace out the remedy most likely to mitigate, if not entirely to extin guish those evils. It seems to me that the great source of all the mis chief, the degradation, the oppression, of the intelligent and active British operatives, consists in the defects of our political institutions. The operatives belong to a slave class—they are totally unrepresented—they have no votes, no choice of, nor control over, the framers of our laws—the men to whom is committed the care of ameliorating our institutions—and who, being unin fluenced by the operative classes, are quite at liberty to consult the sinister interests of the master class who hate votes, and by whom they are elected. Yes!—in proud and palmy Britain, boasting of her civil and political institutions, as based upon the free dom of all—Britain, whose jurists and whose judges proclaim that the only reason why the severe penalties of the law are justly inflicted upon persons convicted of violating, the ordinances of the Legislature, consists in this—that these laws are made by their representatives! —in Britain, whose jurists and judges also proclaim that all taxation would be robbery unless it were assented to by the representatives of the men who pay the taxes— in Britain, I say, these are the theories of the consti tution, sanctioned by the highest judicial authority— but what is the practice .9 Englishmen ! ask yourselves this question, and blush at the answer which every rational man is bound to give you ! It is this—that in practice the people of England are not represented I—the overwhelming majority of them are not represented ; on the contrary, the people of England are divided into two classes ; a MASTER CLASS, having votes and influence in the making of laws ; a SLAVE CLASS, having no votes, and nothing to do with the laws but to obey them, at the penalty of fine, for feiture, imprisonment, or death. The MASTER CLASS impose the taxes, and participate largely in what may well be called public plunder. Amongst the SLAVE CLASS are the principal producers of wealth, and consumers of taxed articles. The SLAVE CLASS, therefore, pay, either directly or indirectly, the far greatest part of the taxes. Amongst the MASTER CLASS are to be found the great landed and other proprietors, who have generally hitherto had the absolute dominion of the lives and for tunes of the British people ; and who, of course, con verted that power into an instrument of obtaining for themselves honours and emoluments. With this aris tocratic party have originated, and been supported, un necessary and sanguinary wars—enormous taxation— overwhelming national debt ; fetters on the liberty of the press ; restrictions on freedom of conscience : grind ing laws for the oppression of the poorer classes ; and, amongst the worst, the Corn-laws, which make bread dear to the artisan, in order to put the profits into the pockets of the aristocracy. These are only a specimen of the tyranny which the oligarchy of England have exercised in Great Britain, to say nothing, for the present, of the fantastic and sanguinary tyranny they have exercised in Ireland : be cause this address is intended for the people of Great Britain alone. The Reform Bill was intended to check the despotic authority of the oligarchy, by taking from them the direct power which they had theretofore possessed over the House of Commons, and by making that House the organ of the public sentiment, and the representa tive of the wants and wishes of the British nation. But the Reform Act has proved a total failure. The House of Lords has regained fay indirect means, and by the participation of part of its power with the monied aristocracy, the entire, if not a greater power, than it had before the passit.g of the Reform Bill. The refusal to augment the franchise, and diminish the burthens of the British people, is distinct and peremp tory. Nay, we arc threatened with a new war, and with increased taxation whether there shall be a war or not ! Above all, the bread tax is pertinaciously continued by a combination of Whig and Tory parties—without the least hope or prospect of repeal! The burthens of the State press too heavily upon the working and poorer classes. Long-continued labour with small re muneration! Great misery —want of adequate sub sistence. Listless idleness arising from no criminal neglect, but from the want of sufficient employment— the agricultural labourer less employed and worse paid than the manufacturing operative—both, at the utmost, earning with unretnitti 'g toil a scanty and cheerless subsistence—no consolation or comfort for the present —no hope for the future—working their sad end melancholy way cheerless, disconsolate, from the cradle to the grave, the poorer classes bitterly and indi vidually feel that the Reform Bill has done them little service ; and, that from the present House of Com mons they can expect no rebel, no alleviation of their distress. In the meantime foreign nations are rivalling us in manufactures, and, alas ! exceeding us in arts and sciences ; and the means of giving adequate em ployment to our operatives must thus diminish ; and unless measures are adopted to abelish existing evils, the sun of England's commercial, manufacturing, and agricultural brightness will sink for ever in the sight of the nations. But, are the people of Britain to despair ? Are that people, who never blenched before the foe in the bloodiest battle-field, or amidst the wildest surges of the stormy ocean, to sink into despair ? Are that people, whose ingenuity and patient labour have multiplied, almost beyond calculation, the powers of productive industry— are that people who have invented and improved machi nery until it has done all but think ; who have made machinery perform all the functions of sentient beings— are such a people to acquiesce in apathy or even to tend towards despondency ? " No, no f—a thousand times—no!" Up, then, Englishmen! up! Arise, slave-class, and flingfrom you your fetters. Arise not in tumult, in vio lence, in outrage, in blood! Arise in peaceful, legal, constitutional combination! Stand up, as men who will commit no offence against the law of God or of man, but who, in their moral strength and peaceful vigour, are too many and too good to remain any longer classed amongst the willing slaves of the world, but who are en. titled and determined to be freemen! 1 think you ought to he tiwoughly convinced that all the political evils that afflict this country flow from the want of adequate representation in the House of Com mons ; from that House not being the organ of public sentiment ; from that House representing but a class, and that class but a small one, of the British people. It is ascertained that there are not so many as twenty out of every one hundred of the male adult population ' entitled to the suffrage ; four-fifths, therefore, of tl British people are iniquitously deprived of all right, all power, all representatlons. Four-fifths are in the slave-class. What a reproach. what a disgrace, w h at a cruel mockery on the part of the aristocracy ! What an unbearable insult to the common sense of the English people ! Again ; at the elections the open mode of voting en ables the rich, the powerful, and vicious, to control or to purchase the suffrages of the voters. Corruption can make its bargain in the security of knowing that it will get the iniquitous value it stipulates for. Intimidation in a thousand shapes—by landlords—by employers —by customers—by money-lenders—and by magistrates, whose power in England is felt in ten thousand ramifica tions—intimidation by these and every other influential class is employed to terrify the voter, and to compel him to sell his country's rights for the gratification of his per- - -- _ sonal interests and in submission to his personal fears. DEATH OF SIR It. SEPPINGS.--It iS with Again, the duration of Parliament is at present so sincere regret that we have to announce the death of the dis long that the representative is tempted, and often in- tinguished naval architect to whose science old England stands duced, to prefer his own interest to that of his consti- i n dehte b d er f t or s so many of her " m lio . den walls ;" we allude to , rt forso many years tuents. There can be no adequate reform that does Sir Surv ß e o •or of the enn lr s itish NaVy Sir l.l ßo . b G e . not include a short and precise duration for each Par-commenced his career as a naval architect under the late Sir John Henslow, liament. and served his country faithfully in that capacity for nearly 50 Above all, there is not the slightest possibility of re- years. His improvements in ship building were numerous and pealing the bre a d tax, without obtaining more popular Important, andhis exertions on several occasions were honoured z rk e ed approval of both Houses of Parliament. The influence over the House of Commons—that is, without w ß i o th al th g i ol !le a a further reform, in which the operative classes wilt their and dals t . h e and Royal osyeavle Societyseveral ?of At2 ; s 4 bo om th as a wwserrdee d from him obtain votes, and be enabled to exercise constitutional time to time conferred upon him. forei g n He died l in this tom', on influence over the representatives of the people. Saturday, the 25th inst., aged 72 years.— Taunton Courier. to press on , our This point I beg most emphatically On the 9 5th instant the Senatus of the Univer attention, and on the attention of you fellow-operatives. sity of St. Andrew's tonferredthe degree of Doctor of Divinity THE BREAD TAX MUST CONTINUE! All your other on the Rev. Robert Balmer, of Berwick-upon-Tweed. Pro burthens MUST continue, nod MUST augment, unless i fewer of Systematic Theology to the United Secession Church. EVEN ING EDITIO'. 7 your voice becomes influential in the House of Com_ mons. This being so, is it not manifestly absurd to devote any exertions upon the Corn-law•, save such as have a direct tendency to create a popular opinion so strongly in favour of further Reform, as to cause the extens;on of the Suffrage to the operative classes to be necessa rily conceded by the aristocracy I submit to you that the Anti-Corn-law agitation is excellent, as part of the struggle to increase the fran chise and procure a further Reform in Parliament ; but, ti'lat taken by itself', it is idle, and will necessarily be inenctual. You may, I think, listen to my counsel with a full confidence- that I will not suggest anything that could subject any of you to loss of either properly or liberty ; to , indictment, to imprisonment, or to fine. It is quite true that the prisons of England are crowded with men who might have been sincere in look ing for reform ; but who were certainly wrong as to the manner whereby they sought to obtain it. The physical force men knve fallen into the meshes of the law ; and many of tholse who took their counsel now mourn for the folly of having taken that advice. The misconduct of these men has interfered with the progress of rational reform ; they have frie.ht l ened the timid ; they have terrified the wealthy ; they have disgusted and alienated the wise and the good ; and they have nearly ruined the cause which they professed to advocate. But no honest public man should ever dare to despair. Above all, no man should despair of the capability of the English people to place British freedom upon a se cure basis. It seems to me that the time has come for forming associations, for the purpose of working out a further and adequate measure of Parliamentary Reform. In framing the basis of such associations, care should be taken to avoid unnecessary restriction or limitation ; to make that basis so wide that all honest Reformers of all shades of opinion might be able to co-operate ; and, especially, that the middle and operative classes may heartily combine their exertions for the general benefit of all. It seems to me, therefore, and I respectfully submit that, under the existing circumstances, the basis of the new Reortn Association should be these four proposi• tions :—. First—The TOTAL DISCLAIMER Of physical force, or violence of any kind, and the reliance upon MORAL IN FLUENCE, and the power of concentrated public opinion. Secondly—The extension of the elective franchise upon a principle which should include as many as practicable of the middle and operative classes, with out any restriction in its terms, or limitation to par ticular property, or any casual qualification, and to have no other limit than praclicabilit . w, rational and p eace f u l. Thirdly—The principle that the voter should be pro tected from bribery, undue influence, or intimidation, by the secrecy of the ballot. Fourthly—That the duration of the Parliament should be fixed ; not to exceed three years. Such are the principles upon which you may, and I think ought to associate. You ought to combine with you as many as possible of the slave class of Great Britain, and of those who desire to put an cnd to the disgraceful distinction between that class and the master class. You may be, as I am, disposed to carry the suffrage to the greatest practical extent. But you should know, however, how easy it is to create dissension upon this subject. Some of the middle classes have hitherto shown an unwillingness to extend the franchise suffi ciently far ; while, upon the other hand, several of the operatives have insisted upon a greater extension than can, with our present means, be obtained. I submit, therefore, that until there be so strong a demonstra tion of the opinion of the British people in favour of further reform, to render any extension of the franchise probable, it would be worse than idle to attempt to de fine any precise limit. All that need be said is, that the franchise must extend to the operatives as well as to the middle class. Let me conjure you to combine as many reformers as possible to work out this principle. Without the aid of the middle classes the operatives cannot procure any additional reforai, or extension of the suffrage, to themselves. Without the assistance of the operative classes all hope of reform or of any extension of the suffrage, must be abandoned. The duty of every honest man, every lover of his country, is to combine all ! upper, middle, operative classes—all! Perhaps you may not succeed. But it does appear that no man can be an honest re former, who will not lend his best exertions to form hat combination of the British Reformers, which, becoming national and universal, must become successful—and become successful without injury to one shilling's worth of property ; without violence or injury to any person ; and, above all, without the shedding of one drop of human blood. As you, Messieurs Warren and Nightingale, have been selected by your co-operatives to preside upon the interesting occasions I have alluded to, the confidence thus reposed in you seems to me to impose it as a duty upon you to exert yourselves to obliterate all ~ traces of physical-force violence ; and to make the cause of salu tary reform assume that steady and peaceable port and demeanour, which will make it formidable to the satel lies of tyranny and corruption, and render it cherished and supported by the lovers of rational liberty, and the advocates of constitutional freedom. I have the honour to be, Gentlemen, your faithful servant, DANIEL O'CONNELL. DUTCH MAIL. THE HAGUE, Aram 28.—The Second Chamber, in its sitting to-day, was engaged in hearing the reports of the Committee on several petitions ; thirteen of them were from persons residing in the Province of Guningen, who have separated from the Reformed Church, who request that in the modification of the fundamental law, the same protection may be secured to them as to other sects. There being nothing in the Order of the Day, the Chamber adjourned sine die. The further observations of the Sections of the Se cond Chamber of the States General on the five projects of law, for alterations iu the fundamental law, have been distributed among the members, and also the memorial of the Government in answer to those obser vations. The observations of the Sections go much in detail ; they expressly state that they wish nothing more earnestly not only to have the fundamental law rest unimpaired on its present basis, but to promote the execution of it; that they desire only to make such alte rations as may seem calculated to facilitate its execution, to clear up some obscure and equivocal points, and to intro duce such improvements as 25) ears' experience may have proved to be desirable. We have observed with plea sure that the Government has proposed some altera tions, and hope it will proceed in that course.—Dutch Papers, April 28. Wisasaw, APRIL 21.—His Royal Highness Prince Frederick of \Vurtemberg, the King's nephew, arrived here on the 19th, on his way from Stuttgard to St. Petersburgh, and left us again yesterday, after dining with the Prince-Governor, who arrived from St. Pe tersburgh the day before yesterday. MAGDEBURG, APRIL 21.—1 t appears, from the population return of the province of Saxony, that in the course of last year the number of births was— Males Females .. Total 59,882 Of which there were— Males 2,734 Females Total 5,190 illegitia3atef The number of deaths was— Males Females In all 43,390 Excess of births The number of marriages in the year 1839 win 12,803.—Prussian State Gazette, April 25. STOCKHOLM, APRIL 9.—On the 18th instant the Chamber of Nobles discussed the proposal (made in the last diet) respecting the abolition of what is styled the quaaed penalty of death. Many fiber 1 members spoke for and against the proposal. The former urged the barbarism of breaking on the wheel, and the cut ting off the right hand, and the absurdity of retaining a law which civilization forbade. The opponents answered that however desirable it might be, on a revisal of the whole system, to do away with these penalties, yet it was not advisable to overturn the present system by taking away all gradation of punishment for crimes of different degrees of atrocity, which would be as much as to confound the notions of the great mass of the people respecting criminality. What would the com mon man think if he found that a person guilty of man slaughter, or of only striking his father, were to suffer the same punishment as a parricide. On this ac count the retaining of the law was very important till other gradations of punishment were introduced. The barbarism of the law was of no importance, because the King, having the right to pardon or to mitigate punishment, might proportion it to the degree of crime. Jour nals o fact, f a five le was entere d.ars ago, since the which thefirmal Council of State no one has been broken on the wheel, or had his right hand cut off. The proposal was rejected, by 96 to 68. Haniburgh Borsenhalle, April 25.