The Sun. — London, England, 1840-01-10 00:00:00

E i 10)111( N MADE WITH CHINA. (From. ;the Bombay Times of the 28th of November.) "To ALL, ASSOCIATIONS, CIIAMBZUS OF CODIMEIICg, PRO* PRIEToRS OF INDIA STOCK, MERCHANTS, SHIP OWNERS, A ND OTHER PARTIES IN GREAT. BRITAIN CONNECTED WITH THE EAST INDIA AND CHINA TRADE, OR INTERESTED IN 'I . HE MAINTENANCE OF BRITISH INFLUENCE AND COM- kIERCE IN THE EAST. " Fellow countrymen, the necessity for decisive and in modiste measures on the part of her Majesty's Govern- m ent is now become so strong, that delay or vacillation mitst prove ruinous to some of the most important interests of the British nation, and we must, therefore, solicit your mast earnest exertions in impressing all parties, who may bane any influence on the proceedings !of Government, wit h the serious importance of the actual crisis, and the net :essity of meeting it with promptness and decision. " Siniously as the present position of affairs in China era barrasses the general trade of India, and therefore in directly affects the interest of Government, the revenue of ELglan .' 11.;;;;11a; of India, must, we few:, directly suffer 1 0 a greater extent than either Government seems to be aware of, judging from their torpor in a matter where in terests of such mar,nitud4 are at stake. _ _ _ " As respects Bengal, we are not in possession of tha sac me full and exact data to guide us as those regarding ombay, to which we would now draw your attention ; but have no d , Jubt the principle and general result will be fo• and equAlly applicable to that side of India. " At Bombay, the imports from China during the first six months of the official year 1838-39, from Ist May to file end of October, amounted, by the official returns of ( custom-house, to rB. 6,63,353 of merchandise, and I's. 50,16,482 of treasure. The gross amount of duties, nAlected in the same period, was rs. 23,218. " During the corresponding months of the present year, t7l,e imports amount to rs. 1,02,403 of merchandise, and re . 4,51,680 of treasure, while the duties paid are only rs . 3,584. " In the former period, oa the exports to China, the knernment derived a revenue of rs. 10,68,000 on opium, a; nd about rs. 3.85,000 on cotton. This year lhe amount I . rom opium is rs. 2,85,000, and from cotton rs. 2,00,000. " From this it will be seen that, even while a partial trade has been carried on with China, the Government have already experienced a loss of rs. 8.87,634 ' • which kns, durin g th e expected stoppage o f a ll tra d e, for the next six months at least, must rapidly increase, while the (Decrease in the usual supply of bullion cannot but embar r ass, in a corresponding degree, the Government as well a s the mercantile community. " If the next crop of cotton has only the English market for its disposal, the Government must lose all the sea tCustoms duties they now receive from the staple when exported to China, these being all repad in the shape of drawback to the exporter to England, and these alone _ :must amount, annually, to three Lacs of rupees, making►, with the loss (rs. 4,17,000) of the sea Customs on China ;imports, the sum of rs. 7,17,000, of which the Bombay 'Treasury would be deprived under a stoppage of the 'trade with China, besides twenty-one Lacs annually col lected, on an average, from opium passes : thus, on ex ports, imports, and opium passes, there must be, at the lowest cstimatr, a direct annual loss to this Government .alone of up vards of twenty-five hies, or one-fourth of a million sterling. —The mcrCfiandi e imported at Calcutta, from China, last year, amounted to 7,69,603 rs , and the bullion to 76:53,000 rs. ; exports in cotton to 21,80,000 rs., and of opium and other goods to 1,25 ; 00,000; so that the Bengal Tre,asury must suffer even still more severely; while•, even allowing the upset price to be got for the opium %It Calcutta, which we Etbserve the Governnient has fixed at•4oo rs., scarcely 20 lacs will be netted to Govern- merit on that article, instead of upwards of a crore, as iiitherto. Wes c little hope, indeed, of even this smaller amount being realized under present circumstances. " Viewing the question thus, merely in its immediate ;and direct effects on the Indian treasuries, and casting aside for the moment, what is of far greater consequence, the remote and indirect effects on British commerce and power, its importance would seem sufficient to arouse the governments of India to the greatest activity, and cause them earnestly to urge the speedy settlement cf the ques tion on the home Government. Even in this strictly fiscal aspect, her Majesty's Ministers must see what a serious responsibility rests upon them, what a loss they will cause to the revenues of the local governments, and what ruin to thousands of her Majesty's subjects here, if they do not at once act with energy and decision. " Again, by means of the India trade with China, the Court of Directors have annually received about halt-a million sterling of their territoral remittances for the home charges, and payment of the dividends to the proprietors India Stock. By this channel also, these remittances reach the Directors more profitably to themselves, as well as more advantageously for their Indian territories, than could otherwise be effected, and thus benefit the Treasury of the India House, without draining bullion from India. " This means of receiving their remittances, pending the settlement of the China question, Rill be closed to them, and must make the present position of China affairs come doubly home to their feelings and interests ; so that the Honourable Court have, also, every motive to press upon the Home Government the urgency of the question, and the necessity for immediate and strong measures being adopted. " Finally, the Chancellor of the Exchequer will be compelled, in a very few mouths, if so long blind to the danger, to force on the attention of the Cabinet the abso lute necessity of taking prompt and energetic measures for the restoration of our commerce, and the preservation of the revenue. " Besides the duties from silk and other China produce, the gross amount of duty received on tea at home may be state at three and a half millions sterling. During the last, four or five years the imports of tea have averaged forty-three millions of pounds weight annually, and the 'average deliveries of the United Kingdom, of the last three years have amounted to forty millions of pounds weight. Up to the latest, date we have from China, the total exports of tea, from the Ist July, 1838, to the .30th June, 1839, amounted to 40,882,566 lbs. Higher prices may reduce the consumption, but the supply of tea now in England, with what is on the way, will be nearly all ex hausted by January 1841. If, then, vigorous measures arc not, by that time, put in execution, the English Trea sury and English nation will experience difficulties and distress which the Ministry, we fear, do not now sufficiently foresee, but which will eventually soon burst on them with a frightful reality. " As connected with this subject we must again request your assistance in endeavouring to procure from her Ma jesty's Government a speedy adjustment of the opium in demnity, upon the favourable or adverse reception of which depends the commercial stability or ruin of this port. " It should not be too often repeated that the great mass of this property was not in Chinese waters, and therefore not contraband at the time; it was neither seized, nor physically nor legally seizeble by the Chinese Government when given up, Her Majesty',: Superintendent demanded its surrender for her Majesty's service, conceiving such to be the best step be could take for the general good in the 1 circumstances in which he was pieced, and on this requisi tion add pledged faith of her Majesty's Government the owr,ers delivered it over to that officer. 1 " Teat the Chinese themselves knew that they had no right to seize it, that they were conscious of wrong and in justice in the matter, is proved by their subsequent offer of a paltry remuneration of 5 or 61bs. of tea for each chest surrendered. " From the opium trade the Honourable East India Company have for )ears derived an immense annual reve nue, and through them the British Government and na tion have al•: •e reaped, from the same trade, an incalculable amount of advantages, both political and financial. Its profit.; have, not only tended to turn the balance of trade between Great Britain and China in favour of the former, and draw an abundant stream of capital into India, which thus became enabled to increase tenfold its consumption of British manufactures ; but they have contributed directly to support the vast fabric s f British dominion in the East, to defray the expenses of her Majesty's as well as the Com pany's judicial, military, and naval establishments in India, and by the operations of exchange and remittances in Tea and other Chinese produce, to pour an abundant revenue into the British Exchequer, and benefit the British nation to the extent of six millions annually (as shown in Count Bjornstjerna's work), without impoverishing India or drain ing bullion from England. " ' Hence,' says that author in his work on the British empire in India, ' we find that England's gain from its East India possessions amounts to no less than 6,500,000 pounds sterling a year ; a sum which would in the end $ completely ruin this colony (or, more properly speaking, drain it of its bullion) if it were remitted in this form. But such is not the case : it comes to England in the following manner :—East India Opium is sent to China, and is there exchanged for Tea ; this is taken to England, and covers all the exchange. Such are the phenomena of trade,. what the one country gains is not lost by the other; they both gain.' " So alive has the East India Company ever been to the advantages derived from this trade, that it has done all in its power to foster and encourage it. The Company's Go vernment glew it on its own account, or restricted the grower from selling it to any other purchaser than itself— granted passes for its transit, had medical officers to inspect s its quality—through its own civil officers sold it in the markets of Calcutta and Bombay, and entered into treaty with the French Government,whereby it secured the latter's abstain ng from competition by an annual tribute of 300 chests. About fourteen or sixteen months ago, when the purchasers at Calcutta bad suffered a loss from over speculation in the drug, the Supreme Government, as an encouiagement to the trade, allowed them an abatement of 200 ru pees per chest, amounting altogether to 30 lass of rupees. Even at this day , and after all that has occurred, the Calcutta Government ;Gazette announces another Government sale at 400 r u p ees p er chest 1 , 4 " For years the Honourable Court sent despatches to their Governments in India, containing directions regard ing the management of this trade, and orderin g th e i r officers, in their opium cultivation and exports, to .s t u d y the tastes of the Chinese. Thesedespatches were all seen 'and approved by her Majesty's Boardof sanction n l— of these measures, had, therefore, the declared her Majesty's Government. " At the time the renewal of the Comp was under discussion, the nature of thi demoralizing tendency, its monopoly, its contraband Charterlleged s tra e, cts a 'racier, were all openly discussed in theißsrictiosnhtrpaabralniadmeehnat... On the 13th June, 1833, Mr. Buckingham i madertiittlhaer promin ent su bj ect o f i nve ctive, stigmatising n paeu the fact that it was a trade of smuggling, and contrary to the law of On China (vide Hansard, vol. raid. p. 770). _ the 12th July following, Lord Glenelg, then President of the Board of Controul, declared the subject of the opium and salt monopolies in India was under the serious consi deration of Government ( Hansard. vol. xix. p. 618), and after this serious consideration, on the 22d of July he stated in the' House of Commons, ste its conclusive result, that it was not to be forgotten that those monopolies, salt and opium, produced a revenue of 2 : 500,0001. '‘ After this, will it be contended that this trade was not known, not sanctioned, not encouraged by the East India (I,•mnanv ar:d ¶h' Br H'il Government? .11 . 1 word against the spirit trade in Great Britain, a trade which is in every way strictly analogous to it. If, after drawing millions of revenue from the former, the British Government now become, for the first time, sensitive to the enormity of its immorality, when presented in the mag nified shape of a claim for indemnity, consistency will de mand the suppression of the spirit trade in Great Britain, and the relinquishment of the revenue which it produces to the Exchequer. " But conceding the objectionable nature of the .trade and the expediency of suppressing it, should not an act of practical justice to individuals precede one of speculative good to masses ? This principle was conceded in the Slave Emancipation Act; and India looks to the justice of Great Britain for this prindple being followed out, now. Suppress the trade in opium ; but first indemnify those who, on the faith of the British Government, surrendered their property to facilitate its suppression. " If this indemnity—guaranteed by the public act of her Majesty's representative, whom all British subjects in China were bound on their allegiance to obey, from whose command there was no appeal, upon the faith of whose public acts the merchants delivered up their property, as upon the faith of the British Government and nation whom he there represented—if this indemnity be now withheld, and the act of the national representative disowned, whe ther on the ground of his alleged incompetency, his hav ing exceeded his power, or any other plea, the result will be, not only an immediate entailment, of ruin on all who were directly connected with the trade, but et most serious •financial crisis at Calcutta and Bombay, which will involve the whole commercial and money relations of those Pre sidencies in deep embarrassment and reduce to beggary thousands of individuals, who have never been in any way connected with the trade in opium, but whose capital and financial affairs arc inextricably bound up with what was a common centre of all the financial transac tions of those two cities, and whose fate, therefore, depends on the stand or fall of those in whom these transactions centred. It will be more—if the compe tency and authority of her Majesty's representative be de nied, if the faith in the engagement entered into by him in the name of the British Government and nation be once broken, it will not only undermine the authority, and render questionable the proceedings of all British officers to whom high power is delegated in India (not excepting the Go vernor-General himself) but give a shock to the credit of the British Government in the East, which it will be im possible to recover, and the effect of which, in any great political or financial emergency, may prove ruinous to the Indian empire. The facility of opening loans in India in time of war, and the fidelity with which such engagements have hitherto been met, have, on more than one occasion, proved the safety. of British India ; but, if the opium in demnity be refused, this facility will receive a fatal blow ; parties, who have seen the faith of the British nation pledged and broken in China, will, in any real crisis, pause before they commit their funds to the same faith in India, which can so easily shake off engagements by raising the question of competency. " At the present moment, no less than fifty-eight Bri tish merchant ships are detained in China under heavy ex penses, and unable to trade. Of these, twenty-eight vessels, from 400 to 1,400 tons each, belong to this port alone, The capital of th'.s Presidency locked up there at the present moment, including the surrendered opium, is estimated at no less than five millions sterling. The stag nation to all trade and distress in the money market, pro duced by this state of things, is already inexpressibly se vere ; still the confident reliance on the faith of the Bri tish Government, and the hope of a speedy adjustment, support the spirits of the commercial community, alleviate the pressure, and produce an admirable forbearance among all parties. The moment that hope is crushed, this for bearance will be at an end, and a universal panic must immediately follow, " We must, therefore, solicit your best exertions to wards averting, by an act of national justice, such a fear ful shock, the effects of which (like the misfortunes in Calcutta of 1832) will not be long in, reaching Great Britain, and towards rescuing our relations with China from the disastrous and perilous state in which they now are, paralyzing commerce and degrading the British name. " A VOICE FROM THE EAST. " Bombay, Nov. 26, 1839." (Circular.) " Sir— By this mail you will learn that, owing to a Chinese having been killed in an affray, the British have been expelled from Macao; and Captain Elliot has pub licly notified that he has moved the British and Indian Go vernments to forbid the entrance into British ports of all cargoes from Canton, the manifests whereof bear not his signature and seal " The position of affairs in China, you must be aware, affects not merely private merchants, but deeply and inti mately ccnccrns the English and Indian Governments, as well as the honourable the Court of Directors, who must all suffer severely by every day's continuance of the present unfortunate state of things—directly, in the effect of the stoppage of the trade on their resources, as well as indi rectly, by the loss occasioned to British commerce gene rally. Not to mention the duties on raw and manufactured silks and Other China produce, those paid on tea merely are of such importance and amount, as Would seem alone suf. &dent to awaken the British Government to the necessity of immediate interferences " From the trade with China, the Indian Government derives a direct benefit in the shape of sea duties levied upon it, besides what is realised from opium. China, too, has been for many years the source whence the supply of bullion has been drawn ; and on that trade indeed depends the value of some of the chief staple products of India, from which the revenue of the country is derived. This trade was acknowledged to be of such importance to the Court of Directors, as a channel for receiving home a portion of the Indian revenue, that the British Legislature, in abolishing the monopoly of the tea trade, continued to them permission to have agents there, for the purpose of managing the financial arrangements, and for maintaining this advantageous mode of getting money to . England. Nor must the indirect benefits the British Government has reaped from this commerce pass unnoticed ; the support which British merchants generally have derived from the China trade has extended the resources of British com merce throughout the world, and the wealth thus flowing to individuals has added considerably to the aggregate of national riches. _ _ " O win gTo the Indian trade with China, the direct trade between China and England has enjoyed facilities which have enabled its being extended to its present value, and at the same time benefited the revenue of the country to a corresponding degree. The English trade with India, too, has been benefited by the increased facilities which the China trade affords, of remitting for the former, and thereby a more extensive business has been done; but, in fact, the task would be endless to point out all the parti culars in which the English nation at large, the merchants resident both in England and India, the Indian subjects of Great Britain, and British commerce and finance gene rally, have been enriched by the China trade; while, on the other hand, it seems incredible, as well as lamentable, to think how this trade has been conducted for so many years, to the importance and value which now belong to it, with such little aid or protection from the State, and that the British Government had paid so little attention to a branch of commerce which is of such vital necessity to the interests of the nation. " Bombay is, however, peculiarly interested in this question, seeing that nut of the total value of the trade of this port in its exports 4,814,6161., or its im ports at 4,778,7391, the China trade forms of the first 2,668,5031 , of the latter 1,699,1931., besides which twenty eight vessels of from 400 tons to 1,400 tons burden, each owned by native merchants, are employed solely in this branch of its commerce. " This fact alone will show Low seriously the interests of this port in particular, are affected by whatever stops or interrupts the trade with China; but when it is further stated that at this moment the greater portion of the property sent to China in the season of 1838-39 still remains there, and that the capital thus with drawn at this moment from the usual circulation here amoun:s to , little short of six millions sterling, you wilt at once perceive that to save this market from the most serious embarrassments no time must be lost in re-establishing this valuable trade on a footing the most stable and permanent, as well as hot,ourable to the British name. Already are distrust and want of 'confi dence becoming to be felt in all the branches of this bazaar. These feelings must increase every hour that the present position of affairs is allowed to continue ; and to add to this distress, should the indemnity guaranteed by her Majesty's representatives in China, for the property lie re quired to be surrendered to him in her Majesty's name, and for the public service, be not most fully recognized by the Government, none can say where the ruin and misery will end which must result from such an unhappy decision. It is the contemplation of these sad and momentous effects, to which all on the spot must be witnesses, and which our residence here enables us fully to estimate, that induces the Chamber again to step forward and place them clearly before your Aseociation, and to urge your using all the influence you possess towards preventing the evil con sequences which delay must produce. After slightly indicating to you the general suffering which this state of things must entail on the nation at large, and in particular in Bombay, they hope to obtain your power ful representation with her Majesty's Government, to wards reducing, with as little delay as possible, the enor mous loss which all the interests at stake must even now suffer, and which every moment of the present unsettled and distressing state of things must frightfully increase. A crisis has arrived that renders it absolutely necessary for Britain to show her power, and make it felt, ere a com merce so necessary to her existence can now be esta blished on that safe basis which is essential to its value. " Outrage and insult have been committed. Our coun trymen have been degraded, and the moral influence of the British name in the Eastern seas all but destroyed. Above all things, whatever is to be done should be done quickly, and suffering not be allowed to increase and spread, as the inevitable consequence of further delay. " I remain, Sir, your obedient humble servant, " J. SKINNER, " Chairman of the Chamber of Commerce. " Bombay Chamber of Commerce, Nov. 28, 1839." The marriage of Lady Elizabeth Howard, daughter of the Earl of Carlisle, with the Hon. George Wentworth Fitzwilliam, is expected to be solemnized in town in the course of the ensuing month. Lord Fity,villiant will, it is understood, make a handsome settlement on the bridegroom elect, out of the large family estates in Ireland. ,to THE HAGUE, JAN. 3.—lt is earnestly ex ,. On petted here that the Government is goieg to make great .esident of I changes in the composition of the General Chamber of of the opium Accounts, which are connected with the new organisa .e serious conFi tion of that board, a subject which is under the serious gel. xix. p. 618), „on the 22c1 of July he consideration of the Government. ..,s, ti,-; its conclusive result, NIME GUEN, JAN. 2. A few days ago a gr ea t „a that those monopolies, salt quantity of Roman bricks was found between the vil oWfetchkelerenthat were in the envi 'on whi c h ar e engrav e d legions renue of 2 : 500,0001. Je contended that this trade was not .ed, not encouraged by the East India l t r. e es na o m f e ß s e o c f k s a om nd e tons of Nimeguen. These bricks are generally supposed rir"lb Government? to have been the foundation of an aqueduct. ,', i . . . • '' -' , ll , . urprise that Ulm in Eng-. . . ' ;' - ' ' • ' ci. ,f the Lord and Lady Ly ndhurst and fainily are ex ralitA of the opium trade in China, have nount.er7. breathed im:rc- not a 1 petted in town to-morrow, from Brighton. MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. (THURSDAY EVENING.) TIMES.—Tbe Bank Directors have given no notice to-day relative to the rate of discount, and appear, therefore, to be pursuing the prudential course in this matter. They are clearly not safe from the conse quences of any new speculations in the Money Market, so long as the exchanges remain in their present state. The great glut of gold which the late exportations from this country have produced on the Continent is net alone a reliance for its return, though it is materially assisting, and causes bullion to be transmitted without, commercially speaking, any profit. Some movement in advance of the exchanges scorns to be generally looked for in the course of the next two or three foreign posts. In the Cansol-market the prices te-day were not quite so firm as yesterday, and some considerable sales were made. According to the advices from Cabul to the end of • :._ October, a part of the army, which was commencing its return, had not only received orders to halt, but to move onward in the opposite direction s and the remain der of the forces received orders to remain where they were for an indefinite period. The cause of this sudden change in affairs rose out of the movements of Dust Mahomed, who, after making his escape after the cap ture of Gliiznee, had proceeded to the other side of the Hindoo Koosh, where he had contracted affiances of marriage with the rulers of Koondooz and Khoolum, by whose aid and the influence he was otherwise acquiring in Turkistan it was discovered that he contemplated a re-entry and re-establishment of his authority in Cabul. It was reported that his son, Akbur Khan, had actually reached Gho reebund, a mountain pass, about sixty miles from Cabul, where he had raised a rebellion, a task not diffi cult to accomplish, as the sway of Shah Soojah was so unpopular there that the .agents sent by him to collect the taxes . were all murdered by the people. Dr. Lord had commenced his journey on a mission to Koondooz, to reconcile matters between the chiefs of that territory and Shah Soojah ; but on the receipt of intelligence of Dost Mabomcd's movements, he retraced -his steps. Upon his report a body of troops was immediately despatched to reinforce the corps which had before advanced ; the whole then to push forward to Khoolum. Some curious quotations are given to show the excessive dearness of provisions, and what may be called camp equipage, of which take the 'following examples :—For 1,000 Manilla cheroots the price was 1,042 rupees ; for three bottles of French brandy 73 ; for three half-bottles of mus tard 60 ; for two bottles of cherry brandy 42 ; for two bottles of sauce 49 ; for two wine glasses 16 rupees, which in sterling money valued about 2s. each. From Burmah the accounts represent some uneasiness on the part of the Government, arising out of reports that the heir of the last Sovereign, supposed to have been mur dered, was still alive, and that it was the intention of the Indian Government to depose Tharawaddi, and replace the Sovereign he had deposed on the throne. It was stated that 12 persons from the United States engaged by the Court of 'Directors were on their way to India for the purpose of assisting to improve the cul tivation and the cleaning of cotton. An expectation had prevailed, strengthened by the omission of - the regular notices at the usual period, that the Govern ment opium sales were to be discontinued ; but, to the general disappointment, the notices had at length made their appearance, fixing the present year's sales, Five several sales are thus announced, from January to June inclusive, the amount to be brought forward in the whole of the two agencies of Behar and Benares being 18,932 chests. The Government, it was supposed, could not resist the temptation of the high prices ruling both at Calcutta and in China. The upset price was 400 rupees par chest, and the conditions of sale to the highest bidder beyond were that the " opium will be sold for exportation by sea only, and no certifi cate will be granted except to cover such export." • POST.—The English Funds were under some de: pression to-day. Consols left off at 924, to for the open ing on the 16th inst. The less favourable state of the market seems to have been caused principally by the circumstance that the majority of specul LOTS at the Stock Exchange had allowed themselves to anticipate the result of this day's proceedings at the Bank of England, and this most erroneously, the general idea being that the Directors had come to the resolution of lowering their rate of discount. Whether or not there was any foundation at all for such an anti cipation we are unable to say. Probably not. The Board, at all events, broke up without in any way changing the mes.sures now in operation for the regulation of the currency. A large sale of Consols, we believe the amount to have been 100,0001. was effected in the course of the morning by an in fluential party who are in the habit of transacting the Stock Exchange business of a wealthy banking firm in connection with India. The supply of stock generall. was rather abundant. The disappointment of tin " Bulls" at the continuance by the Bank of their present rate of interest at 6 per cent. roust have been very great, so confidently as they had calculated on a reduc tion from that limit to 5:1-, if not 5, per cent. per annum. Exchequer Bills commanded the higher price of Bs. to l Os. premium. HERALD.--It appears by the advices from Born bay that the Government despatches to Capt. Elliot instead of being forwarded from Aden by the Ariel direct to China, were taken on, in mistake, by the steamer to Bombay, whence they were forwarded to him in the Mow clipper ; but nothing had transpired Bombay respecting any despatches being received by the admiral on the station. Some curiosity, however, was excited by the statement that Admiral Maitland was going to sea, in the Wellesley, for his health, as a t Bombay it was thought to be merely a plea of sickness. At Bombay the vacillatinc , conduct of Captain Elliot was very much animadvertdupon, and, indeed, through out the Presidency there was a strong feeling against the policy which had been adopted towards the Chinese. Trade was very bad in Bombay up to the 27th of November, and extensive shipments were making to this country for the purpose of raising money. At Calcutta, according to the commercial advices which reach to the 18th of November last, commerce was generally dull. Respecting the Government opium sates in Calcutta, the Calcutta Courier of the 9th of November states, that they anticipated they would have been discontinued altogether. Encouraged, says that paper, by the rise of prices which had taken place -it: that city and in China, Government have put forth their advertisement for the regular sales during the year 1840, when the following quantity will be put up and sold to the highest bidder at the upset price of 400 rupees per chest, and, moreover, the conditions deel4re " that the opium will be sold for exportation by sea only.' Behar agency. Beror a agency. Chests. Chests. . January 6th 4,000 2,000 February 10th April 21st 2,500 2,000 May 26th June 30th • Total 11,365 7,567 Very little bad been done in Indigo, but very fee, parcels of new Indigo had arrived, and the market wau not expected to open until the first week in December Manufacturing had ceased in all the districts, and it wa expected that the crop would not exceed 89,709 factor: maunds. The exports of indigo from Calcutta, from the Is November, 1838, to the 4th of November, 1839, were a follows : To Great Britain factory maunds 50,505 France, & , 7 ditto 27,815 North America Bombay and the Gulf ditto 7.003 Total factory maund3... 90,632 Exchange on London was—on 13ank Kits, 25. a 2s. oid. per Company's rupees ; Treasury Bills were 2i. per rupee ; Private Bills, 2s. a 2s. lid. per rupee. During the early part of the morning there was con siderable activity in the English Stocks, but some lark sales of Consols and the heavier annuities having been ef fected, threw a great damp over the market, and of course caused some uneasiness with a few of the largest holders of stock, as money was not in demand in the Discount Market. The disastrous accounts from China, are, howevcr, considered to be the principal cause which induced the sales we have referred to. SUN.—Our private advice! from Calcutta state that the Governor-General of India was preparing for a war with the Nepautese. His Excellency's intentions in this respect, it is said, must be delayed, in consequence of the state of affairs at Cahoot requiring a large force to remain there than had been first contemplated. The retrograde movement of that part of the forces which it was supposed would not . be wanted, had been coun termanded. The intelligence from China has produced quite a ferment in the tea trade. Of about 12,000 packages which passed the sales lately, only 1,200 to 1,200 were sold, the rest being taken in by the merchants for higher rates. Prices are up 7d. per lb. on yesterday's rates. Twankays are worth 3s. per lb. in band. China Rhubarb is up 20 to 25 per cent.; and other articles, the produce of that country, in proportion. The President's Message has not up to this hour been received in the City, though we havo.had reparts of the arrival of the Liverpool steamer off Liverpwl since the middle of the day. • The Money Market was only partially influenced by the news from Canton, notwithstanding the sale of about 100,0001. Consols elsewhere adverted to. The last price of Consols for A ccount was 92a_ ; 1 ,-, and for Fe bruary 92i E xc hequer Bills closed at 108. pram , and India Bonds at Is. discount. Bank Stock has rallied to 1751. In the Foreign Stocks the amount of business done this afternoon was pretty considerable. Spanish rose to ; Colombian to : and Dutch Two-and-a -241 ; Portuguese recede d to 36 k ; Mexican from 311 to 30i- Half per Cents to 54.-. Most of the railway shares were a trifle lower. The i-13ir.-ningbam and Derby fell to 20 discount; Great I Western to 1 prem. ; and Brighton to 111 ;1 discount. AWN nu - UM SPECIAL Cu NI MISSION. TRIAL OF ZEPHANIAH WILLIAMS. MONMOUTH, TIIIIR3DA'Sr EVENING. Annexed is an account of the proceedings, which commenced to-day, upon the trial of Zephaniah Wil liams, who, next to Frost, took the most prominent part in the:organization of the late insurrection. There are so many particulars in the two cases precis'ely similar, that I have given, in the shortest way possible, every thing that has been stated before, and only report at length that which is new, or materially affects the pri eoner. The conviction of Frost has, I am assured, spread dismay among the Chartists. As to the un happy man himself, although he bore himself manfully and firmly upon the trial, he is to-day c ompletely pros trated in spirit, and in a frightful state of the most abject ii,isery. In ten minutes after the verdict was returned yesterday, there were at least twenty ex presses sent off to different parts of the country; some by those connected with the Government, others by those opposed to it. Mr. Feargus O'Connor, lam told, dispatched one to Birmingham, which, being heard, of by the active and intelligent Mayor of the town, he immediately sent after it another express; with especial directions that it should pass, on the toad, that sent by Mr. O'Connor, so that the authorities of Birmingham might he prepared, if any attempt at disturbance should be made. Here people still talk of insurrections, and their fears. of another outbreak. I do • not expect any such thing ; but then I must admit that I know little If the population in those districts from whence danger is apprehended. This morning, et the sitting of the Court, illoses Horner, IV. Horner, and Thomas Davies were put to the bar, and an application was made by Mr. Wight man that their trial might be postponed to the next -assizes, on account of the illness of the prosecutor's site, whose presence was necessary to the case. Mr. Bellamy inquhrcd of the prisoners whether they had any objection to make to this a pplication ? • Moses Horner said he did not think it right that he should be detained till the next Assizes. He had no thing to do with the business. Chief Justice Tindal said that the trial must be post poned, unless some substantial objection could be made to the application. TRIAL OF ZEPHANIAH WILLIAMS. The Attorney-General said that he now proposed, with the sanction of their LOrdships, to proceed with the trial of Zephaniah Williams. The prisoner was then placed at the bar, and Mr. Bellamy, the associate, addressing him, said, you have at present no Counsel, do you wish to have any as signed to you ? The prisoner replied in the affirmative, and named Mr. Thomas and Mr. Rickards. Those gentlemen were accordingly assigned by the Court as•his Counsel ; and on the application of Mr. Thomas, their Lordships directed that the Counsel anti Mr. Owen, the prisoner solicitor, should have access to him at ail seasonable times. Mr. Thomas said, as hie was not willing to interpose at inconvenient times, so as to interrupt the proceedings, perhaps their Lordships would pardon him for now ad dressing thein on the subject of the lists. He was aware that this was not strictly the proper moment, but as the Learned Attorney-General had on a former occasion complained of the time at which the objection was made, he prayed the Court to give him the advantage of having now objected to the proceeding as regarded the lists. The Attorney-General —My Lord, I must under stand specifically whether my Learned Friend now ob jects to the trial proceeding. Mr. Thomas—l object to the formality of the pro ceeding,nn the ground of the prisoner not having been furnished with the lists according to the statute. Baron Parke—Do you object to the trial proceeding ? Mr. Thomas—No, my Lord; hut 1 wish to have the advantage of having made the objection. Chief Justice' Tindal—Oh, no, no ; that is no ad vantage at all. The Attorney-General—Then it is expressly under stood that the prisoner makes no objection to being tried? Baron Parke—ls that understood, that you make no objection to being tried? Mr. Thomas—Not at this moment, my Lord. Mr. Bellamy inquired whether the Jury .was to be ,aken by ballot ? The Attorney-General said be bad no objection to he ballot being adopted as before. The names of the Jurors were then drawn in the 'olliev'ing order : Thomas Jeffries, of Ragland, qualification, rental 801. a year. No objection being made on either side, he was, sworn on the Jury. Thos. Iles, of Tenleon Parke, farmer, rental 20/. a year. Challenged by the Crown. Charles Hall, of Nash, farmer, rental 2001, a year. Challenged by Mr. Thomas, on the part of the prisoner. Henry Vaughan, of Abergavenny, draper, qualifica tion, rental 45/. a year. No objection was made to him, and lie was sworn on the Jury. William Morgan, of Ragland, farmer, qualification, a freehold of 301. a year. Chahenged on the part of the prisoner. Thomas Smith, of Monmouth, timber-merchant, qualification, a rental of more than 2001. a year, chal lenged on the part of the prisoner. Ilenry Warder, of Christchurch, tanner, qualifica tion of a rental of 1101. a year, challenged on the part of the prisoner. James Lon;, of Llanoechos, tanner, qualification a rental of 250/7 a year, challenged on the part of the prisoner. Mellieth, of Abergavenny, schoolmaster, rated at 141. a year, holding a house with eight windows, no freehold or copybold, excused altogether. Theophilus S!ephens, of Chepstow, ironmonger, qua lification 100/. a year, challenged by the prisoner. Thomas Holmes, of Llangenny, farmer, qualification 62/. a year, c hallenged by the prisoner. Thomas Williams, of Banbocv, farmer, not in attend. coca, fined 101. Thomas Powell, of Abergavenny, currier, qualifica tion, freehold, upwards of 401. a year, challenged by the prisoner. Joseph Bowler, of Christhatch, farmer, qualification, rental of mere than 2501. a year, challenged by the pri soner. Charles Barton, of Monmouth, auctioneer, qualifica- I ion, freehold of 1001. a year, challenged by the prisoner. • James Williams, of Monmouth, turner, qualification, freehold of 20/., challenged by the prisoner. George Haller, of Ragland, farmer, qualification, rental of 3501. a year, challenged by the prisoner. George RiChard, of Llanbagland, tanner, qualifica tion, rental of 50/. a year. challenged by the prisoner. Charles Evans, .of Monmouth, qualification, rental 2051., cot aside on the ,ground of misdescription. Philip Walbehaff, of Llangatch, gentleman, qualifi cation, rated at 80/. a year, challenged by the prisoner. Robert Baker, of Llangveeuay, tanner, qualification, rental 801. a year, objected to by the prisoner. Richard Keene, of Redwick, tanner, qualification, rental of 290/., challenged by the prisoner. Joseph Duffield, of St. Alban's, victualler, qualifica tion, rental of 1201., challenged by the prisoner. . John Christopher J. Redwick, tanner, qualification, rental of more -than 300/. a year, challenged by the prisoner. Christopher Benjamin, of Shore Newton, tanner, qua lification, rental of 70/., challenged for the prisoner. John Amboy, of Monmouth, farmer, qualification, a rental of 50/., challenged by the Crown. Matthew Williams, of Mitchellroy, farmer, qualifica tion of I -101., no objection, sworn upon the jury. W. Crump, of Abergavenny, victualler, qualification, rental exceeding 501. a year, not objected to, sworn upon the jury. William James, of Litam, farmer, qualification of near 70/., challenged for the prisoner. Isaac Hurkom, of C he p stow, butcher , q ualification, freehold of 20 /. &yea r, challenged for the p risoner. rentalßichard no objection, sworn on. the jury. Y l ia yne Hill, t anner , qua lifi ca ti o n, I jioebhn upwardsar d Gale, I' hil of of o f t s s oc , of \\Tatham, farmer, qualification, rated to more th an 20/., challenged for the p risoner. of Nash, , sworn upon the jury. Joseph Walters , farmer, qualification rental of 130/., challenge d for the prisoner. Henry near E 4 van s, 0o notof Willi a m Warren , of Christchurch, farmer, qualifica tion, freehold of 251., challenged for the prisoner. 0 1 ' l) l j a e n cl e c b d b t o , farm er , qua lifi ca ti on , rental James Smith, of T r optree,.farmer, renta l 90/ . a - year, not objec - .ed to, sworn upon the jury. John Jones, of Irton, farmer, rental 126/., challenged for the prisoner.. - William Thomas, of Monmouth, saddl er , f ree h o ld 50/. ison a year, challenged for the pr . er. Daniel Walters of Redcliffe, farmer, rental above 50/., challenged for the prisoner. John Sims, of Abergavenny , grocer, rental 501., chal lenged for the prisoner. Isaac Williams, of Usk, saddler, freehold of 13/. a year, challenged by the Crown. Christopher Blunt, of Dimmow, farmer, rental mare than 400/. a year, challenged for the prisoner. Philip- Morgan, of Cryfar, farmer, freehold of 203/., challenged for the prisoner. henry Gites, Abcrgavenny, grocer, rental of 15/.; when summoned, but now rated at 201., objected to ty the prisoner's counsel on the ground that he was not qualified at the time the been s een summoned . was served The , and th Court ere fore ought not to hav e ordered him to stand by for the present. Matthew Coke , of Caerleon , maltster, rental abovo 100/., challenged for the prisoner. . Edmond Jones, of Reininis, inferior farmer; rental about 120/., challenged fur the prisoner. Edward Jones, of Caerleon, flour-factor, rental up wards of 100.,, sworn. James Embery, of Monmouth, butcher, freehold BCI., challenged by the Crown. James Young, of Christchurch, innkeeper and farmer, freehold 501., challenged for the prisoner. William Henry James, of Caerleon, farmer, rental upwards of 1001., sworn. David Morri3, of Christchurch, farmer, rental above 200/., challenged for the prisoner. William Thomas, of Goldcliff, fanner, rental 30/., challenged by the Crown. James Leonard, of Mather, farmer,, rental upwards of 4001. a year. The juror, in answer to a question [tom Mr. Thomas; admitted that. he had subscribed for a piece of plate for Sir T. Phillips, and the Learned Counsel submitted that this was a ground of objection to his serving. Chief Justice Tindal—By .to means a sufficient ground of challenge without further inquiry: As re garded the present case, who was Sir Thomas Phillips, and what was this piece of plate ? Mr. Thomas begged permission lo ask the juror one or two questions more, but the Court ordered Mr. Leo nard to stand aside for the present;, and if the neces sity should arise, the objection could be argued. Charles Williams, of Redwick, srmcr, freehold 101. a year ; had riot subscribed for the piece of plate, chal lenged for the prisoner. The perem9tory challenges for the prisoner were here exhausted. I-I , mry Williams, of Abcrgavonny, shoemaker, free hold of 30/. sworn. ........ .__. Lewis Williams, of Redwick, famer, rental above 501. sworn. John Watkins, of Abcrgavenny, o.onfectioner, rated at upwards of 201. challenged by the Crown. John Jones, of Abergavenny, grocer,sental 7.51. sworn. Zephaniah Williams was then given in charge to the Jury, and the substance of the indiement read to them by tte dicer of the Court. Mr. Talbot having opened the case„ The Solicitor-General rose and said, in his address to the Jury, that although the indictment did not contain what was necessary to acquaint theist with the parti ulars of the transaction, yet it stetted sufficient to in form them that they were now enga:ed in one of the most important inquiries that could be instituted in a ci vilized community. The prisoner was: indicted for high treason—a crime which goes to the safety of the so ciety in which we move ; to the existence of the constitution and the form of governm eat under which we live ; and the preservation of which is necesssary to our liberties and our happiness. Living, as the Jury did in this part of the world, they could not fail to have heard of the excitement which had prevaihed for some time . back, and the associations which hard been formed for the diffusion of certain political te:oets. On the oc casion into which they were now about to inquire, a number of persons were found breaking into a house in in the town of Newport, using arms to the injury of the parsons and property of the inhabitant's of the town, entering into a conflict with the tnilitary,in which several of themselves were killed, the Mayor of the town and a sergeant of a regiment in her Majesty's service were severely wounded : and this attack made by such a number of persons as to overawe and ter ' rift' the inhabitants, with a view to get forcible posses sion of the town, which was to be a signal to other parts of the country, and with the ultimate design of superseding the authority of the Queen and the Go vernment, taking the dominion into their own hands, and making such alterations is the constitution and laws of the country as they might think proper. Con sidering the nature of the district in which these trans actions occurred —considering that the population in certain parts of that district was very extensive and numerous, the men very powerfel. and, to a great extent, very uninformed—the J:ury would readily conceive . that it was of the highest import ance that no time should be lost when the out rage occurred in investigating its true nature and character, and in endeavouring to bring to justice those who were the authors and the cause of it. This was necessary to the safety of the country, and the resto ration of that confidence in the protection o f the law and the Government which must necessarily be brought. into doubt, not only in this district lout throughout the country generally, when an outrage of this kind could he committed in the open day. :It was a mercy to those who had been engaged in thee: transactions, and to others who might possibly be tempted to engage in emitter enterprises in future, that they should speedily learn the extreme danger which they incurred by asso ciating with any such objects ; and, as such undertak ings could only be conducted by individuals of great personal influence, it was necessary to bring them to a speedy trial and judgment as a warning to others of the us i ng dangerous consequen ces o f any influence which they might posses s t o the. destruction of the peace of society. It was this reason which occasioned the Judges and the Jury to assem bl e out of the usual routine of justice to prosecute this inquiry ; and the Jury were now, after hearing the evidence, to pro nounce iipon the nature and character of these transactions, and the part and share which the prisoner had had in them. The Learned Solicitor- General then described the manning of the three divi sions under the command of Frost, Williams, and Jones, from the districts of Blackwood, Nantyglo, and Pon typool, and their arrangements to meet at the Welsh 'Oak, and to arrive at Newport by two o'clock on the morning of Monday, the 4th of November ; their failure to effect the intended junction, or to arsave at Newport at the appointed time ; the utter impoesi:eility of resist ing them, if they had arrived at the specified hour ; or of preserving the town, or preventing the stoppage of the post, which was to have been the signal of the success of the attack, and was to he followed by cot.‘tereporaneous risings at Birmingham and other places tiwoughout the country ; the arms with which they were provided the alarm and consternation which their ultimate attack pro duced, and the measures of precaution which hat.l been taken by the Mayor and other Magistrates in conse quence of the information received by them during the night. He then explained the difference between An outrage of a private or limited nature, however exten sive might be the mischief inflicted in the attempt to compass it ; and a plan undertaken for sonic general purpose, such as to supersede the authority of the So vercign, to subvert the Constitution, and to compel an alteration of the law—such as was charged against the prisoner at the bar. This was high treason, and was what was called in legal language a levying of war against the Sovereign. The Jury would find that the prisoner was active in making arrangements for this attempt. They would find that when the body of men—he would not call them a mob—for they did not advance in an irregu lar or disorderly manner, but in such regular array as to create the greatest terror—and to give the greatest effect to their measures of violence, if it should become necessary—when they arrived at the Westgate Inn, they demanded the surrender of some prisoners who had been taken during the night, although some of the special constables to whom the challenge was addressed thought it was a demand to surrender themselves pri soners ; and they would find that before any answer could he given the party began firing at the house, and continued until they were subdued by the more regular firing of the military. If they had set out with the in tention of rescuing certain prisoners, their conduct would admit of explanation and qualification ; but the Jury should observe that at the time they armed them selves, and marched, no prisoners had been taken, and the design was to take the town by surprise. The de mand of the prisoners would be given as one of the acts in prosecution of the general design, of the ex tent of which it would be a tolerably strong proof. If their object was to take the town as a signal for the spread of rebellion through other parts of the country, the Jury would find that to be trea son, and a levying of war against the Queen in her realm. They would not be surprised to find men who meditated a hostile attack upon. a peace able town, using the words of peace, in order to lull any suspicions which might defeat their ulti mate object ; but the jury would, judge of the since rity of such professions by the acts which followed. If those were acts calculated to inspire the greatest terror, and to instigate men to the most serious outrage, but little reliance could be placed upon any mild or peaceful language which might be uttered by the persons en gar.ed in such attempts. Nor was it at all material whe ther they possessed the means of effecting their purpose. A mistake or miscalculation as to the amount of their power or their resources by no means altered the nature of the acts with which they were charged. The attempt made on this occasion had no prospect whatever of sus ses beyond the distress and alarm, the mischief, ruin, and probable murder, of which it was calculated to be the source. The prisoner at the bar, being thus traced from his own house, to the town of Newport, and this being coupled with his own declarations in the course of the march, presented to the jury that evidence on which they would have to decide, whe ther or not the charge made in the indictment was sustained. If it appeared that the laws, the public peace, and the safety of the public were thus at tacked by the prisoner at the bar, by the means which had been stated, then would the jury, in the course of their duty, be obliged to find the prisoner guilty. The charge, however, was a most serious one. The evidence to be laid before them must be strong and convincing to their understandings, before they could declare that-the prisoner was guilty o f the crime im puted to him. If they were not convinced, it would be the height of injustice not to find a verdict of acquittal ; but if on the other, hand, their understandings were convinced by the means he bad stated, then he eras sure that the jurors would not flinch from doing theis duty ; but return a verdict consistent withthesenaintee nance of the public peace. The y were tojudge of the in evidence ; the case was no t at all involved difficulties, in proportion to the importance of the matter it: pre sented. If the witnesses acre at all entitled to credit, there could be no doubt that high treason had been committed, and that the pris on er at the bar was one of those engaged in that object. It mattered not, if in the could j encott, do ts the n same e several were enraged a part which each took — thing to promote the same o bject ; but h e w h o stood at a distance. !1 3 well as he who partook in the af fray, was alike guilty. Where . men bound them selves to accomplish the one object, each acted his part each conduced t? the common object, and partook in the common guilt. Mr. Frost, who proceeded to the Westgate Inn, and the men who fi re d th e s hots,' were not mare guilty than the prisoner at the bar, who marched up with the view of aiding and assisting then. The (16:fence would show the acts and declara tion sof the prisoner, and of those who were pi osecuting the same object with him. This evieence w ould occur)y some portion of their time ; but of its e.lfects there could - belittle doubt. lie had now only to iad that, irnme !, diately after what he hid stated, the p. "" was U prehended on board of a ship at Cardiff, , t. ;flaunting to make his escape from this country. 'Pais via the base that he had to lay before the Jury. Tlwv, he was sure, would do their duty,• both to the prisoner, . ' 4 3ud With . a due regard to the safety of the country. Chief 'Justice TINDAL here. asked the At torney-Gc- I neral if he would have any objection to the ;rand Jury adjourning until Wednesday next ? The ATTORNLY-GENERAL hoped, ho said , that they might reassemble- on Monday, as that was pi ..obably the last day on which the public service wou.td rt. quire their attendance. • A desultory conversation here took plac the . result of which was that such Grand Jurors as . we ct. Members of Parliament would be excused from further tatendanee, while the remainder . would reassemble on glio Jury on Monday. Upon the first witness being called, Mr. Themes repeated the objection mat le in the case of Frost, that the prisoner had • not hec. t served with a list of the witnesses, in pursuance of the statute, and Mr. Manis having been examined for the pt irpose of showing that Mr. Owen, the prisoner's attorney. had l applied . for a copy of-the indictment, the Court reset vefl, as in the case of Frost, the - o'ejection fur the deci.slarf of the Judges. Mr. Thomas Morris, Surveyor, proved, as in thee/Vie' of Frost, the various plans of the town of Neopeet, the approaches to it, Bte. Thomas Bowen examined by the Attorney-General— I know Zepliania Williams, the prisoner at the 1011. I know hint since last summer. He kept the R.sl - al Oak public-houses He was about half a mile from .11Y house, I was at his house nntheesenitT,g of '''''''''' the 2d of November. A friend took me down there at:Nont ten at night. I found a great many persons at. the Itnyai Oak, but particularly in the lodge.rooln, that is the ?Dom appropriated to the Chartists. I was not a met-nth - le of the Chartist club, nor did I pay any money to them. That night I saw Zephaniah Williams in the room called the Long-;:oom or the Lodge-room: Zephaniah Williams was speaking before I went in ; ho said that "the five pound notes should be done away with, and the two pound also." He said that " the charter should be the law of the land." He told them, that they were all to " meet there on the Sunday evening next., and that he would tell them or let them.know the night of their meeting, and the minute." He said nothing about pikes, nor was any thing said in his presence respecting them. Oa the Sunday following I went to Zephaniah's hodse ; it wns very full. It was about three o'clock when I went ; I there saw, Zephaniah, and after a man had done speak- ing, Zephaniah stood up on something, so that he was higher than the rest. He told the people there to "go home, and if they wished it, to change their clothes, and to bring bread and cheese along with them, and what ever they had to defend themselves with, to be sure to bring it along with them." He alio told them, "to be sure to bring guns, or pikes, oi• something of that sort, or, if they had nothing of that kind, to bring a stick, and to be sure that it was a good onp." He likewise said, " they were to come to the mountain between Nantyglo and Ebw.vale, that is about a mile from . the prisoner's house, and half a mile from mine. He first stated something about the national debt, and then said that there were so many soldiers in Wales, and that if they were to come out they (the soldiers) would be nothing, if the Chartists would unite all iu one body." He also said that " they were not to hearken to any, old women's tales, but to bring their neighbours alen;; with them, and that they were not to press any one." Ho stated also " the consequences to those who would stop behind—that there were particular spies set out for particular places—such as Brindmore, Nantyglo, and Volena." He said that " those who stopped be hind might live for a little time, but their lives would be miserable to them—that they might die !ike dogS." I do not say he said . " that they shad die so.'' Cross-examined by Mr. Thomas—All that I have been now stating happened on the Sunday evening. It was daylight at the time. The name of the man who went with me to the Chartist lodge was Isaac Keppens, a tailor. Ido not know that he is here. Ho lived in my house. He is not a journeyman, but a master for himself. He lived up stairs in a room with my chil dren, for which he paid, as my wife told !Ile, Ws. .- month for six weeks before this time. The last time I saw him was on the' Wednesday after the Chart ists rose. My mistress turned him out, and would not let him stop longer in the house. When I was at the lodge I did not know any one who was there excepting the tailor and the prisoner. My wife has often told me that she would rather see me die than that I should go amongst the Chartists. I wanted to know what was going on, from what the tailor told me. I was terrified by is hat I heard amongst them, and I was very glad to make my escape out of the room, which I did, as soon as I could There was a man stationed inside the door of the large room and another outside of it. I went to Zephaniall's ' house on the Sunday to know if that was actually the Sunday for the rising. That which made me afraid was, that the tailor told me that those who had pro perty and did not join the Chartists, Would lose it. I have heard of a man named Reynolds,. but 1 do not know him. I told that very night to my master what I had heard. Both on the Saturday and the Sunday night I heard the prisoner say that he hoped they would he peaceable and not break the law. One man that spoke before him was talking of bloodshed, and Williams said that ho was sorry to hear his brother—" something, as he called him"—talk of the shedding of blood, that he hoped there would be no such thing-,--zonly for them to unite together in one body to show their might . ; and if it should he so, that they were so cruel as to put the soldicrs to fire on them first, they must do their best. Crass-taxamined—LA man in the room said, that when they went altogether there would not be a mouthful a piece for theta. George Lloyd, of .Aberystwitli, examined by Ser geant Ludlow—l was on Sunday, the 3d of November, at the Bash, at Nantyglo, about six o'clock, and was pressed to go with other persons to the house of the prisoner. 'There were about twenty or thirty there. They asked me where I was going ? I said, no where particularly ; and they said, d—d your eyes, you must come along, and one of the men pushed a dagger through his hand and put it to my breast. There were a great many, about a couple of hundred persons at the prisoner's door. I bad part of a mop-stick there given. The people had some spears, some knives, and long rods of iron at the end of the stocks. I saw a gun or two amongst them. Don't know who gave me the stick. Af terwards went to the mountain with the people ; numbers were there assembled. They came up in all directions—some in bodies of twenty—some more, some less. I saw about four or five thousand; but there were many more whom I did not sec. Zephaniah Williams got upon a trirop, or a rising piece of ground higher than the rest. He said, "My dear Chartists, you need not be afraid, for we are boiled to' be at Newport by two o'clock." This was in English. He added something in Welsh which I did not understand. Some of the people said, " Come on, my boys, we don't care for the soldiers," and on they went. We went on to Ebbw-vier. The mob broke the doors and windows as they went along, and took the people out of bed. The people in several of the houses were not willing to go, but they made them come whether or no. At the canal at Abcrcarn some of the men pushed me into the canal. because I trying to make my escape. I .went.into a house to dry myself, and after I came out, at half-past six o'clock in the morning„ I made my way towards home, but met twenty or thirty men, armed like the others, who made me go back again. Passed Sir Charles IV/organ's park, towards Newport. I met the people coming back from Newport, who said the soldiers had been shoot ing at them down at Newport, and therefore they turned back. Cross-examined by Mr. Thomas—/ was examined on the previous trial. I swore then that when I went to Williams's house there were above 100 people there. I stand to that. I said just now 200. I can't. swear distinctly to 100. There were guns all throughout from what I heard, but I saw only one gun when they met. I swear I saw one gun when they took me in particular, and I saw many in the dark, but could not tell whether they were guns or not. I did not see many guns at the prisoner's door. I did say I saw twoguns there, wh en I was examined before on Frost's trial. I now swear dear e. In the road by th e d oor that I said I saw gu ns ther would' My Y t touch Ire e W a( h id en ed the tha t p h r e iso n n l e o r ier s s aid t h ere . 1 told that gen tl e man ( Mr . Sergeant Ludlow) .t C w h o a r t guns.ist s so just now. When on the hill I asked where we were going. I was pressed on the pitch of the hill by NV il liams. I was coming home from Nantyglo, about three quarters of a mile from my own house. I had been at Williams's before. I was paid there once a month. Might have called on other titnes to have a pint of beer. I never went them as a Chartist. I have been at a lodge there. Never signed. Never paid to go in. Did notgo•there as a Chartist. There were no secrets there. The room was always open. I have been there morning, noon, and night, after I. have done my work. I never gave my name to be put down as a Chartist at that lodge, nor directed any one to do so, though many asked me. I never paid to go in, and never had a card. I never asked whether I should brine a stick on the Sunday, nor .any such question. Had no conversations with Williams the day before about coming, nor any other day on that subject. Had conversed with him about general matters. He never asked me to come, neither did I know of the intended meeting some time before. It was no secret. Every body knew about it. Re-examined—The Chartists talked of going to rise. Did not say on what day or what for: Did not count the number of people at Williams's door. Gave 100 or 200 as the number to the best of my recollection. When the prisoner said the soldiers would not touch them, it was before he spoke in Welsh. Richard Hawkins sworn on voir dire. Mr. Thomas objected to the description, because the address of the witness was stated on the test as of the same place, in reference to the description of a preceding witness. The Court held that this description was sufficient. Richard nt n Hawkins, lana. I k e n x o te examined prisoner. hy . Serge a n triTetlkrbeuerpds— -112:::qpiso,;:uu...mr:abv,;(rtv.cloitt,aenr.eitinsrt.hhouse called the Royal Oak. - I live- abo On ut a .; beer etts2riho.leci November there. al m i sael l feetroe:lrd what f3r: neverolcv m l aaeajdjoblvy. t io,abn h uspee e teetlg m nooa . psi ttnlahle:lge:Huozacanr Zephaniah ina. b tdni e psi e t: n shst. there d ot pay nd stairs, t r na s o gi i t r i e n h sd e e rZ andi a,sl p ,att l no l ati a :i n topnl i teu a id h„ W abo il u li t am f s ou w r en n t lin o u u t t es o . f ellicieroohrranedsuiroycnoi: his clothes. It was just beginning to rain- - -a misty rain. n t v' e t . o o o r a r s e l t i l a t „ t t o l little room, f e . n l jah foll l o l W ri e ll i i l a l u irns w ii7a t tio ci i t s th t I himself there, stetting at aw (cr, t , ..i b n cl e t ;eaaaTpl, table, ( t b e,etwnolscqart him, u elst a ooi n r ld e gtai hhetnreatd:lo abouts llbeilena;sttean w WZ as ieleP b rj : e4, of ne r to i ve c u e ag i sn , t r i e t t d :: ; e s i lei or rel:l%l:.)iretoc;t:dolelgrtnci:tocr: ever on." I went out and got a pint of beer. examined by Mr. Thomes—l am a miner. This tools place a little after six. It wa • dark. I • ('re ss e , about a year and ten months I w s . , r i e s eliscliarg t discharged it from iiglrl,st: (et candle' : a dd r ig.e m e s e i .n the r u , s o t. t ! i d i cartridges. p i s t n i c : o ' t see ib e e r 1.! 1, siveaes of r f t Speak from outward appeaeanee. 1 have seen rolls of tebacco made up in the form of op , - tridgrs, called s••rews. Willi ams - sold tobacco, as ;di been p ht u'il e as tobacco. d o. The I d le ; d c : n o t t c ):t i t t s v e o r :tfi e h e s n e s a t e t i c r Na a m r : t y e tr ; d :l o l 6 : r t n ! i . d g % r s i! ee ' s: 2l a is al t i v n e e r d e b r e a fe th r e% .ti s ' h 6- or l\ t l e a r ni t s l t. ta ' u t the boost accustomed to use. R 6s „ asn i ee d—The difference I saw between these • 1; rolls and the cartridges is, that these were rolled in brown taper, and tobacco is usually -, rolled up in white. - By t.}7e Jury—l think these rolls were tied at both ends. Never saw any screws of tobacco tied. • By Mr. Aaron Parke—The carttidges I h ave used usually have the ball tied to the end of the cartridge. Did not see anything of the, kind hi*. The prisoner seemed to be packing them up in brown paper or some thing. Joseph Stockdalc examined by .Mr. Wiglitman— This witness deposed, as on his former ixemination on I ,Frost's trial, to being at Williams's house on Sunday ; evening, the 3d of November, and Williams addressing the people there, standing in a chair. Prisoner asked me first if I wanted to sign my name, and I said, " why should I? any rause is there already." My name was never signed. Nilliams put it down one day. Pri soner asked me to sit down and hear what took place. Prisoner ordered every.one to meet on the hill between Nantyelo and Ebow vale to meet 14,000 more. That every one was to bring a weapon of some sort with him, and if not they would try and assist them. I stopped in the room about ten, minutes, and went out when he finished his speech. . James Satinet examined• by Mr. Talbot (this wit ness was examined before) —My house is six miles from the prisoner's. It is a public-house called the Coach and Horses. On the night. of Sunday, Nov. 3, , about half; past eleven, after my house was shut, several persons came and beat at my doer. The witness de posed to the parties being armed with pikes and stakes, and lots of people coming, as in former examinations. The prisoner came to my house, after Most of the people had gone, about twenty minutes to two o clock. He asked me where were my horses. I said they were on my land, about two miles off. I said . I had one in my stable. He said he wished to hate a horse and. train to go " down." He did .not say why . He sa id something about that he ought to be down about four. My house is fifteen miles and a half or a quarter from Newport according to road measure. I called my ser vant Henry Smith, and told him to get the horses ready. I did not see hint get into the tram. When. he went out I shut the door. Cross-examined—Williams had a pint of beer and paid for it. I have known him some years, and always I thought him a peaceable, quiet man. Henry Smith examined by the Solicitor-General — This witness, who was examined on Frost's trial, con firmed the testimony of the last witness. I took the; • the prisoner in the tram to Twyeombe. More per sons were on the trans besides Williams. They vvere armed with pikes, batsticks, and ono mandril. I saw a great many on the road as 1 passed along. They . were armed, _and going towards Newport. I saw a great number of persons, also armed, in Sir Charles Morgan's pack. Williams left the train at Twycombe, about six miles from New port. That is the Welsh Oak ; some call it one, some the other. There must have been one or two hundred persons or more there. After Willi . rms left my trans I took it to Newport. Heard firing there, and after the :icing 1 saw Williams coming back over against the Salutation. Heard the firing in the direction of the I Westgate It was about a quarter of an hour after the firing that I saw Williams walking from the town. The Salutation is near the Court-y-bella. machine, and about half 'a • mile from the Westgate. .I saw many other , people coming from Newport towards the bills before I saw Wit:tams. Some of them walked as if they were hurt. I did not take Williams hack. The last I saw ; of him was when he passed by the Salutation. Cross-ext.:Mined by Mr. Thomas—When I was at the Westgate, before the Justices, about a weekafter that day, I saw Williams there. I was taken into a room to see if the man ( whom I took in the train, was there, t and 1 said lie was, and pointed him out. fie was not pointed out to me. Ido not recollect that he was ad dressed by name as my prisoner. I never saw Williams before I took him in the train. It was night, and it was dark when he left me. I was taken to see no other persons. I am not sure whether the 'gentleman who . took me into the room said I was to see Williams or not. Re-examined—l saw Williams by the light in my master's house. Saw him for about a quarter of an hour there. He was with use four or five hours in the train. By the Court, at the request of Mr. Thomss—l " baint so sure what dress Williams had on when he passed the Salutation." It was about the same dress he had on in the train. Can't tell what sort of dress it was. By the Jerv—l Went on to Newport after leaving the prisoner et I'mycombe, in consequence -of business for my master. .When I saw Williams at the Westgate no one told me it was Williams ; but I remembered him as the man I bad seen in my master's house. By the Court—" Baint" sure whether be bad the same dress on in the Westgate us when I saw him by the Salutation. I knew him by his features. James Anthony, examined by the Attorney-General —1 am a haler, living at Tyder, about three miles from Newport, on the Bristol road. My house is close by the tram-road. [This witness differed from his for mer examination at Frosts trial its to the armed Char tists coming on Monday night, about six o'clock, to him in his stables, and forcing them to go - down with them towards Newport, and to seeing a number of armed men in Tredegar-park on his way, to seeing Frost forming the Chartists there four deep, and marching towards Newport.] Knew Zephaniah Williams be fore that morning by sight. I saw him that morning by the Waterloo Inn, about a quarter of a mile from the Court-y-bella Machine, about a quarter of an hour or twenty minutes after Frost had marched from Trede gar Park. Williams ordered me to go on. That is all I heard him say. He was going towards New port. I last saw hint by the machine. I went up tt wards home. A number of them followed me as I was going [sonic. They were coming from Newport. They were running, and some of them were nitheut hats. Many of them passed me, and I saw two of them with blood upon them. I saw pikes thrown in the hedges and in the fields. Cross-oxen - lined by Mr. Thomns.—There was a nine with Williams when I saw him at the each ca. I have known Williams for twenty years, ndr knew any barns of him. John Nichol! Hawkins examined by Sergeant Ludlow. —I am a surgeon in Newport. The witness then gave ( widen/xi similar. to that which he gave in Frost's case, as to his seeing the prisoner on the trans-road with armed men coming to Newport on the 4th, of No vember, and his conversation with them, advising them to return, to which witness said, " Damn the soldiers ; we will show them what the colliers can do." I in formed Mr. Coles, the Magistrate, of what I sat:. thought many of the men were pressed. Cross-examined by Mr. Thotnas.—There were about 100 persons with Williams. They had pikes, and spikes, and sticks, but I can give no idea how many. None of the men complained of being pressed ; but there was a man behind diem with a sword. Be-examined.—The man with the sword appeared to be urging them on. ' I heard firing when I was at Tredeger-park. To Mr. Thomas.—This was between eight and nine o'clock. - There were about thirty shots fired. To Mr. Justice Williams—The shots seemel like a volley. John Parsons examined by Mr. Sergeant Talfourd— • I am a butcher living at Pillgwently. I . saw - a large body of men coming from the Friars on the 4th of November. I was at Stow-hill. The foremost ranks were armed with guns, pikes, &c., and walked seven abreast. They were going in the direction of the Westgate. I have known the prisoner's person for several years. He was behind the body of men I have mentioned, and a few of them were behind him. He was rather past the turnpike-gate when I first saw him, and was going towards the Westgate. I heard firing, when I lost sight of him about five minutes. . Cross-examined by Mr. Thomas—The prisoner was alone when I saw him. I always heard be bore a good character, and was a good master. He had nothing in his hand when I saw him. To the Court—The place where I lost sight of him is nearly a quarter of a mile from the Westgate. The witness was under cress-examination when our express was dispatched. ST. PETERSBURG, DEC. 26. According to accounts from Orenburg, dated the Bth of this month, the expedition against Khiva had already proceeded four days' march, without accident, in the Kirghis Steppe. COMPT.ON-PLACE, SUSSEX.—The Earl and Countess of Burlington will leave their parine mansion to-morrow, for Belgravc-square. re'r' r SUN, - LON _DON, FRIDA „J AN [JAII Y 10, 1840. _EVENING EDITION.