The Sun. — London, England, 1857-11-09 00:00:00

THE PRESS IN INDIA. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—As I have had experience of the newspaper ' press both in India and England, my countrymen will perhaps receive with indulgence a few obser vations which I shall submit to them on the subject. When Lord William Bentinck took charge of the government of Indis, public discussion had been entirely stifled by the severe measures which had been taken against the press during his predecessor's administration. This otagnation was first inter rupted by a notice issued by Lord William, inviting suggestions from any quarter for the improvement of public measures and the development of the re sources of the country - an d upon this followed a remarkable series of letters the newspapers by the late Hon. Frederick Shore, s e•ussed with entire in which every sub jectiof public interest was d 7 freedom and with no ordina r y se erity. I well re member the feeling of strangeness .s.nd surprise with which the "notice" was regarded, so inconsistent was it with the preceding state of i-atiings; and, as for Mr. Shore's letters, as one surpa. sised another in audacious exposure of the faults of on Ir system, peo ple wondered that he was not visit ed with some signal mark of the displeasure of the t government. Other writers followed, and Lord Willi, tra gave his countenance and assistance by furnishii 1g valuable information from authentic public soul yes- The experiment was fairly worked out during his time, and what Lord Metcalfe did was only to g i ve legal sanction to it. It was no slight guarantee for the propriety of the change that it was the joint work of an English statesman remarkable for pu'a: io spirit and breadth of view, and an Indian states.- man who was unsurpassed for varied experience of the country, and for the sober, common-sense, con servative manner in which he dealt with the sub jects which came before him. After this came two notifications of opposite tenour in the Calcutta Gazette. The first was issued by Lord Auckland for the purpose of revoking an order which had been passed in 1826, prohibiting public servants from being connected with news papers as editors or proprietors : " NOTIFICATION. " Political Department, June 28 . , 1841. " With reference to a notification from the General Department of the 11th of May, 1326, the Governor- General in Council is pleased to notify that, by Para graph 3 of a letter of the Hon. the Court of Directors in the Political Department, dated April 21 (No. 0 of 1841), the existing prohibition against the connexion of their servants with the public newspapers has been revoked, subject to the restraints imposed upon military officers by the rules of the service. " By order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General of India in Council, "T. H. MADDOCK, Secretary to Government." The second was issued by Lord Ellenberough " NOTIFICATION. " Fort William, Foreign Department, Aug. 30, 1843. " Some misconception appearing to exist with respect to the power which officers of both services have over the documents and papers which come into their posses sion officially, the Governor-General in Council deems it expedient to notify that such documents and papers are in no case to be made public or communicated to in dividuals without the previous consent of the Govern ment, to which alone they belong. " The officer in possession of such documents and papers can only legitimately use them for the furtherance of the public service in the discharge of his official duty, and it is to be understood that the same rule which ap plies to documents and papers applies to information of which officers may become possessed officially. " By order of the Right Hon. the Guyernor-General of India is Council, "J. THOMASON, Secretary to the Government of India." Public officers were thus effectually prevented from assisting in the discussions which had pre viously taken place in the newspapers upon every subject of public interest, for their means of doing so were entirely dependent upon information ac quired in the manner contemplated in this notice— that is, in the discharge of their duties as public officers. No prosecution has been instituted by the Government of India against the press, either for sedition or for any other offence, since it was liberated by Lord Metcalfe ; and the newspapers in the native languages have been so completely neglected that, except through some rare accident, their contents have been entirely unknown.* Freedom of the press in British India is inevit able. We could not hold the country with advan tage either to ourselves or to the natives, even if we could hold it at all, unless Englishmen not in the service of the Government went thither in con siderable numbers to trade and exercise their pro fessions ; and Englishmen are not disposed to em bark their fortunes in a country in which they are debarred from the free expression of their opinions. They can bear the suspension of their Parliamen tary privileges, but the freedom of discussion through the press is as necessary to them as the air they breathe. It is a habit which they cannot cast off, and it is felt by them to be a practical means of influencing public measures which goes a great way towards supplying the place even of a free Parlia ment. The newspaper press of the British depen dencies is dovetailed with the British press. The affairs of India are discussed with the utmost free dom in this country, and it would be intolerable if Englishmen in India were not permitted to see what is said abort them and their affairs at home. The native Akhbars, answering to the " News letters" which preceded the establishment of the newspaper press in England, also have an import ant bearing upon the subject. Akhbarnuvees, or newswriters, exercise their profession in the great Indian cities, and regularly supply their employers with information of what is passing, and with com ments upon it. There were 20 or 3U at Delhi,t and even the Residency Alehlearnuvee seasoned his daily gazette with caustic remarks upon the proceedings of the authorities. Besides this are the " Bazar Let ters," and their offspring the Bazar reports, making to gether a popular system of intelligence, which is not to be despised. The manner in which the Bazar reports often anticipate the English news is a mat ter of observation to this day. This native system can neither be suspended nor held in check ; and our choice, therefore, is really between a newspaper press on the English footing, which may be made amenable to law and is likely gradually to improve, and a native machinery, which must always be conducted by a very inferior set of people acting under no sort of responsibility. The great im provements which have been made in the Indian post-office arrangements of late years, and the re duction of the rates of postage, have given increased facilities to the conveyance of native intelligence. Tb• freedom of the press in British India is also, on the whole, highly beneficial. In the absence of a Representative Assembly, for which India is at present totally unfit, there is no other medium through which abuses can be brought to light and the sense of the community be taken on matters of general interest. There cannot be a greater evil than that public officers should be exempted from the control of public opinion. In Lord William Bentinck's, Lord Metcalfe's, and Lord Auckland's time the press was held in wholesome respect by the public functionaries, even at the most remote stations, and it acted as a sort of moral preven tive police, furnishing in a fair degree, in reference to the whole governing body, an answer to the question " Quis custodiet ipsos eustodes ?" The influence of the newspaper pram in dif fusing useful information and inculcating correct 'views was still more remarkable, and it may safely be said that there was not a single good public mea sure which was not powerfully aided by it. As re gards the native press, some newspapers were con ducted in a creditable manner in the English lan guage by and for the natives who had received an English education ; others were published in the native languages3by the missionaries ; and it must not be supposed that the remainder, which were written by natives in the native languages, did northing but preach sedition. Their standard both of intelligence and morality was, no doubt, below that of the English newspapers ; but they opened the minds of the natives to an interest in gene ral topics, and taught them to think, from which everything else might be expected to follow. But it is alleged that there is no public in India to be guided and instructed by a free press ; that the European press is in the hands of a single class, which has interests at variance with the rest of the community ; that this class habitually misrepre sents the measures of the Government, which is 'withheld from the possibility of defence ; that a compress and thepatible, dominion of strangers are in because it must always be the first duty ee a dress to d e li ver t h e country from a fo rcsign yoke • and that f ree di scuss i on i s espec i ally to be dreaded in reference to the native army, be cause an army precedes th e rest of the p eo pl e i n the power of c om bi ned a cic'entiawihaitleelli t lags behind them in general ed ucat i on gence. The European soci e ty in Lub a is small, itd is governing extremely influential. It i s t h e and, whether the rule; sof a co untry are lt . ,000 Y or ' 10,000,000, it is of the highest consequence that they should take a correct view of its interests and of their own in connection with it. The aboliti on o f the transit duties and the moderate 30 y( a s' settle ment of the land revenue of the North-Western Provinces were greatly promoted by the pub' ic dis cussion of those subjects in Lord Wiliam Bentinck's time ; but freedom of trade and security of property were not the worse for having been obtained by an appeal t o a few score of public officers who had been taught the true principles of jurisprudence and poll - on* For a more detailed account of the regent history of e Indi an press see Sir Charles Trevelyan's examinat i on that subject before the Indian Committee of the House 04 Lords, June 21, 1853. Q, 6,550 to 6,669. t The intelligence of the fall of Delhi received by last hail came from the Dolhi Akhbeurrees of the JoYPo" Durba. r rilk SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 9, 1857. tical economy under Makintosh and Malthus. The Europeans are separated by wide intervals, but they I are united by a common interest and a common in telligence ; and a free press i s the onl y institutio- a w h ere by each person can bring his info rmation a- ad reaso n into the common stock, so that , acco rdi n g 6. to the Cornish motto, it may be " one and all," eac h for all and all for each. Dais was felt so strong ly i n the good days of the press in India that we used t call it the " Parliament of the Press," ber Anse, although the machinery was different, the s , A i os t an _ tial benefits of a Parliament were in a greP.t degree obtained. The Europeans, however, will new become much more numerous. The re-establishment of tran- ' quillity will be followed by an extensive resort of persons of the professional and commercial classes to India ; and, as the measures in progress for the improvement of the army open its ranks to better educated and more intelligent men, the - ... greatly increased European force will furnish a good proportion of aspirants for the profits and honours of civil life. Lastly, if we turn to the natives, we find a public of 200,000,000 to be guided and instructed by a free press. They will be operated upon slowly by it, but the lever is too powerful to be neglected by those who desire the elevation of this great people. It is true that the newspaper press at the Indian Presidencies is for the most part in the hands of the class which has always advocated one administra tion of criminal justice (if it could be so called) for Europeans and another for natives, and now urges the introduction of the English language and Eng lish lawyers into all the Indian courts, and the for mation of a Legislative Assembly, in which the English only would be represented ; and that fre quent depreciation of the Government and its offi cers is one of the means used to this end. It is also true that the Government abstains from defending i:+self by the ordinary and legitimate means of ex pi, oration and argument. s:his was not always so. During the long honey moon of the Indian press under Bentinek, Metcalfe, and A uckland, the Government steadily held its own. ll't knowledge of the country, habit of Eng lish composition, and identification of their inte rests with Viose of the natives, the officers of the Government were as ten to one to the rest of the European community, and they easily maintained the field against all comers. Hard hits were occa sionally exchanged, but it was a fair game, and both parties rejoiced in the wholesome exercise. The Go vernment maintained a dignified neutrality, and, although full advantage was taken of the manner in which public questions of all kinds were prepared aed worked out by the press before a decision was taken upon them, there was no disposition either to yield to dictation or to be provoked to violence. Tine state of things continued until the evil times , which commenced with the Affghan war. Lord Ellenborough's general order, and the disposition which was shown to place a strict interpretation upon it, effectually restrained the pens of the Com pany's servants, and the press at the Presidencies was left in the hands of the class of English society above described. From the king to the coalheaver we all want looking after. It is not good for any of us to be left to our own devices. The consequences that , would ensue if the high Tories or ultra-Radicals had ' entirely their own way in England give only a faint idea of the state of things in Bengal. The shep herds stood aloof while the British lion ranged at pleasure over the pastare. But although silent. the shepherds were not indifferent. They were fillel with indignation, and were only watching an oppor tunity lot rendering the lion harmless. But, to drop metaphor, if the ultra-English party had their own way, an oligarchy would be established in India, compared with which the domination of the Normans in England and of the Orangemen in Ire laud was child's play, and quick and terrible would be the reaction. The interests of this class, there fore, are not really at variance with those i.f the rest of the community; but it is hard for individuals to resist the temptation of present power and present gain, and shortsight€ i views are acted upon. On the other hand, the position of the Government is most unfortunate. " One story is good till another is told ;" but in this case not one, but thousands of stories are told for a series of years together with the same bias, the same colouring, the same aim against the Government. It is useless to say, " Thrice is he armed who has his quarrel just." No Government could stand such pounding and kicking, and bedaubing, and besmearing as this for a period as long as tue memory of middle-aged men can go back. People in general—and espe cially our Indian .fellow-subjects, who have no no tion of possessing power without exercising it—do not believe in such superhuman meekness. The Government of India, therefore, truly says that it is brought into contempt. i'hy it submits to be pilloried in this manner I never could dis cover. The only intelligible reason I have ever heard is that, being responsible, not to the small. . European community of Calcutta, but to the Court of Directors and to the Government and Parliament of England, they cannot deliver themselves on the spot. But if reasons are good for passing important public measures, surely they will bear being men tioned in the country which is primarily and chiefly . , . affected by them. if the opposition of the local English community is annoying and damaging, it is worth while to neutralise it, or at least to temper it and hold it in check, by furnishing explanations which are likely to be assented to by every impar tial person. Great disquiet was caused in Raj pootana by a paragraph which went the round of the newspapers, that it was intended to annex the Rajpoot States. If this had been contradicted, and the reasons had been explained which must always make it our policy to protect the independence of these states, our Rajpoot friends would have been relieved from their tears, and new motives would have bean suggested to them for remaining steady to their allegiance. As the newspaper press at the Pre6idencies is rarely conducted by persons who have had practical experience in the interior of India, its faults are owing in a greater degree than is generally supposed to ignorance of facts and uncon sciousness of the mischievous tendency of muchthat is put forth with an air of authority. The conduc tors of the Anglo-Indian press would be grateful for correct information. They must feel that it would increase their useful, and therefore just, influence. The institution of the Baitish Indi in free press ought either to be accepted, with its appropriate compensations and safeguards, or to be rejected; but of late years neither one thing nor the other has been done. Persons commonly argue this question as if there were no alternative between a licentious free press, and a press bound hand and foot at the feet of the authorities, and made to speak only what they desire, and the consequence is, that after a long course of neglect of the proper diet and treat ment, fever has supervened, and severe remedies have been applied. But there is a golden mean in this as in other things. Besides unrestricted license and the absence of all freedom, there is a third condition, which is a well regulated freedem. The expedient dear to the ordinary official mind is the establishment of a semi-official newspaper—a Government organ, as it is usually called. This was tried in the early dark period of the Anglo-Indian press, when a paper called the John Bull was set up to defend Lord Amherst's Government. The commonest knowledge of human nature ought to have prevented this mistake. i ; All the other game-chickens fell upon the Government fighting-cock, and there was no peace till he was deprived of his official cuaracter. Reason and experience recommend a return to the practice of the statesman who founded the Indian free press, which was to have no favourites among the local newspapers, and to permit everybody who had anything to say to write to them. If this course were consistently followed, there would rarely be any occasion for the Government to defend itself, every topic would have its objectors and defenders, and as the Government would not necessarily be in a state of antagonism with any class, there would bo no heat except what would naturally arise out of the subjects of discussion. Sedition ought, of course, to be severely punished, and the knife has been so near cur the oats that no difficulty is to be expected in obtaining convictions. The native press will require more particular attention ; and we must not a second time utterly neglect it through a long series of years, and then come down upon it in great wrath because it bad indulged in the license per mitted to it. Every copy of every native newspaper should be examined by officers appointed fur the purpose ; and while friendly advice and warning should not be spared in reference to errors of igno rance or inadvertence, deliberate attempts to pro mote d:saffection ought to be suhjected to due pro cess ef law. It may, however, be hoped that, now that the conscientious Christian people of this coun try have become aware of the existence of such a field of influence as the native newspaper press, they will apply the superior means at their disposal to the cultivation of it, that it may produce something better in future than an abundant crop of noxious weeds. anTa h t e he ne d x o t rai standing objection r 3 18 a t r h e a n a g 0 m fre p e a t p i b re i s e : because it must always be the duty of a free press to deliver the country from a foreign yoke. I meet this by a direct " negatur.” The first duty of a free press is to promote the public good, and if this can be worked out best under the prutectior. of a foreign Government, it is the d u ty o f th e p ress to support and assist that Government. Jf ihere had been a free press in this island at the time of the Romans, the " Groans of the Britons," that famous petition wherein they besought the Emperor not to withdraw his legions, would have found ex pression in it. Our ancestors did not more sin cerely deprecate the removal of that Power under the shadow of which they were learning to take J eir place with eafetyand credit among the nations of the earth, than those natives of India who have had their minds opened to our civilisation would be filled with dismayat theprospect of the destruc tion of our Government. No class has more uni formly stood by us in these troubles than the Angli cised Bengalees and other natives ; and well they might, for they could expect no mercy from a pure Brahminical or Mahomedan regime. At Delhi everybody who spoke English was searched out and put to death. At Cawnpore and elsewhere the " Baboos" were considered proper subjects of plun der and persecution. The safety and success of our Indian empire will be in proportion to the increase of this class, and to the degree in which it is lea vened by Christian principles. The circumstances of this outbreak furnish strong presumptive evi dence that some progress has been made, and when our mastery shall have been established as it never yet has been, by this desperate str'iggle with our own army, and by the civil and military reorganis ation consequent upon it, and the people of this country shall have begun to act upon their newly awakened sense of duty towards India, the develop ment of English civilisation among the natives of India will proceed in a greatly accelerated ratio. The Romans made Gaul, and Spain, and Africa helpful and powerful members of their body politic, and shall we be less successful with India, notwith standing the advantage of Christianity and of 1800 years' additional experience of human nature ? The last objection usually urged is that a free press is incompatible with a native army. Not only this, but almost every other improvement was incompatible with a native army like the late Bengal army ; but the case Rill be altered when the native army is auxiliary instead of principal—is recruited from all castes and all parts of the country, instead of from the high and privileged castes and from one part of the country only, and when the other arrangements deccribed in a previous letter are made by which the native army may be held safely in hand. A native army so regulated would be quite compatible with a native press watched, and checked, and improved, and influenced for good in the manner I have recommended. But we must not expect too much. Those who criticise the newspaper press in this country often appear to forget that it is a human institution, and as such entitled to the allowance which ought al ways to be made for human infirmity. Everything has a bad as well as a good side ; and it the good decidedly preponderates, we ought for its sake to tolerate the contingent evil. If those who pro nounce harsh judgments upon the press hail to pro vide every morning four columns of remarks upon the most exciting topics of the day, and to guide and influence the men who are capable of writing such essays as we daily read in the Times and other newspapers, they would have more sympathy for occasional errors and inadvertencies. And yet we may well be proud of our newspaper press, and earnestly desire that its benefits may be extended to the glorious Eastern empire which has been in trusted to us. The forbearance, the moderation, the prevailing absence of mere personal and private imputations on the part of the English press under circumstances of great difficulty and temptation are deserving of all praise ; and when this line is for a moment departed from, it can always be set right by a letter to the Times, or an article in that or some other paper. Under all the circumstances, the influence of the English press during the Par liamentary recess furnishes as satisfactory a model as we could expect to have for the operation of the Indian press. I am, dec., Nov. 5. INDOPHILLIS. (From the Timos.) Our correspondent " Indophilus" pursues his addresses to the public this morning on a topic which will not fail to arrest the attention of our readers, and which was certainly not likely to escape our •wu. What is to become of the Indian Press ? In the reorganization of that marvellous empire what use is to be made of an agency which, wherever British dominion extends, has been found the most powerful of known instruments in the work of civilization and progress? Is India to feel the influence of a Press ? and, if so, under what conditions or regulations should this profes sion be exercised ? These are obviously questions of no trifling import. The answer to them, as we must needs be expected to say, is perfectly clear, and we concur entirely with "Indophilus as to the form it should take. The inquiry thus brought before us is altogether independent of the policy which, under the pres sure of a revolutionary crisis, the Government of India lately found itself compelled to adopt. What could be said in Lord Canning's justification our readers have already seen. We shall easily be believed when we express the reluctance which we felt in assenting to the propriety of any measures against the freedom of the Press, and the extreme and most precarious advantages attending any such course even in the severest emergencies, have been sufficiently evinced by the course of events. We trust that the security anticipated from the repression of publications deliberately seditious to shut our eyes to the embarrassments and evils which the proceeding has inevitably en tailed. The Press of India is now animated with so vindictive a spirit, and entertains against the Government such a malignant and not unnatural hostility, that we look in vain for any impartial opinions or unbiassed reports concerning the policy of tne Administration. Although, moreover, the new censorship is freely exercised, it is utterly be yond the power of any authorities to escape damage altogether. A direct invective may be stopped, a particular article may provoke a warning, and some journal less adroitly managed than others may incur the penalty of suppression ; but all the while attacks are covertly conducted through every paragraph and in every page of the paper, till in the end the effect produced upon the mind of the reader is far more injurious to the Government than the most open and determined opposition. We do not say that of two evils Lord Canning may not, at so unexampled a crisis, have chosen the least, but the alternative was a very disastrous one indeed. We coincide, however, entirely with " Indoph i lus" iu thinking that no material difficulty need attach to the substantial freedom of the Press in India under ordinary conditions of government. The embarrassments hitherto experienced have arisen not so much from the characteristics of In dian society as from the impolicy of the views adopted by the Administration. European, or, in other words, English society in India, is divided into two great elements, separated from each other by a spacious gulf. First, there are the British residents in the service of the Company, whether military . or civil ; and, secondly, there are the British residents occupied in independent pursuits, and unconnected with public employment. The former of these classes is by far the more numerous, and, without any disparagement of the latter, it may be said by far the more intelligent. It compre hends indeed, all the intellect and a bility w hi c h are annually draughted off from these shores for Ber -1 vice in the East, and constitutes no inefficient re presentation of British character. The latter clans comprises many enterprising, educated, and hon ourable men. It admits, in fact, as far as its num bers go, of being matched in these respects against the former, but its position is unfavourable, and its views exposed to strong and injurious bias. The servants of the Company not only form a caste, but a governing caste, and such privileges are natu rally irritating in the eyes of men who are English men as well as they. The two classes differ even in the opinions with which they regard India and its population. The governing class is content with India as it is. Saving always its own prerogatives, it is disposed to look with favour upon the claims and even the prejudices of its subjects, and by no means inclined to allow any advantages to the inde pendent European community. For the sake of peace and quietness it would leave Hindooism un touched, would adapt its administration to a native population exclusively, and would prefer, upon the whole, that the points of contact between England and India should be through the East India Com pany alone. The independent class rebels against these principles, and thinks that Englishmen should have equal rights.l In claiming, however, India for the English it does not leave quite so much of India for the Indians, and its views, perhaps, would hardly be so immediately favourable to the native population as those of the class which has got all it wants, and, having only to exercise government, and not submit to it, can afford to be serenely impartial. Under these circumstances, the Press, like other British institutions, found an establishment in In dia, and for a certain period worked very service ably. In an evil moment, however, and by an unhapyy thought, a notification was issued of wbich the effect was to deb tr from any participation in public writing the whole of that numerous and able class through whose immediate in itruin.entality the Government of India was conducted. No person connected with the Government—in other words, none of the many thousand F erva u ts of the Com pany—could carry either his information or his talents to the work of newspaper discussion, and the consequence was, that except for such evasions of the rule as were unavoidable, the Indian press entirelyfill into the hands of a class numerically inferior, inimical to the ruling powers by the very force of its positon, and necessarily, in comparison with Government officers, but imperfectly informed. Never could a policy have been more disastrous. Government was deliberatf-ly placing itself and its acts at the greatest possible disaavantage. It was proscribing its own advocates and silencing its own counsel. The proceeding represented a complete inversion of the policy pursued in some absolute States. Instead of attempting to inspire or control the press for its own benefit, the Indian Govern ment actually made it over to its opponents for their exclusive use ; while men who could have set the Administration on its legs in a moment, cor rected errors, and diffused accurate knowledge, were restrained by the enactments of their own caste from taking up a pen. It is really inßeisible to exaggerate the propor tions of this monstrous blunder. Half the value and perhaps more than half the influence, of the English Press is due to that universal practice of correspondence, which literally brings a vast por tion of the British nation into co-operation with the Times. Our columns are powerful, as express ing not merely what we think, but what everbody thinks. There is not a public question started on which we do not receive, either for publication or otherwise, either for the instruction of the country or our own information—communications of the most varied and authentic character. Our readers little dream of the very high authority occasionally attaching, under some unobtrusive signature, to the correspondence we place before them • and it is by means of these aids—by this remark a ble associa tion of knowledge and opinions —that truth is brought to light. In our pages everybody finds a hearing, and every policy an expression, until at last the public discovers itself in possession of an unexceptionable result. This might have been the case in India even in a more striking degree, for publics writing is there such a propensity, either of the profession or the place, that every Indian offi cer would sit down to an article or a letter as the most natural employment in the world—indeed the only difficulty is to get them to stop. If this com municative disposition were but judiciously en couraged, what chance could any factious or wanton opponents of the Government preserve in the face of such able, such well-informed, and such inde fatigable writers f Little, indeed ; whereas, by foolishly thinking to ignore an irrepressible power, the Indian Administration left to the use of its antagonists an agency which it might have em ployed for its own defence and the unquestionable benefit of the country at large. THE INDIAN MUTINIES. (From the Daily Nezcs.) A. new light has broken in upon the Times. It has at last discovered that the revolt in Hindostan is something more than a mere mutiny of the soldiery. "The peasantry have not, indeed, joined them, but it is more than probable that a rich and influential class has not been unwilling to profit by the misdeeds of the soldiery." The Times has also become aware that the suppression of the revolt is likely to be a somewhat expensive process, and that the financial operations to which the magnates of Leadenhall-street have found it necessary to resort have contributed to aggravate the present monetary crisis. " The cost of the Indian struggle bas no doubt added to the difficulties of the present finan cial crisis. We are told that three or four millions sterling in specie may be considered to have been remitted to India since the outbreak." To the general public there is not much of novelty in these announcements, which we have culled from the Times of Saturday last ; but it is somethine , new to find such statements in the columns of that journal, which has hitherto affected to pooh-pooh the insurrection in Hindostan, and to ignore the magnitude of the financial operations to which it has led, and their disturbing influence on our home money-market. It is nothing new to witness the Times, when a novel discussion is raised, adopting at first a view of it equally irreconcileable with facts and with common sense, and then, when compelled by the pressure of public opinion to embrace the opposite side, endeavouring by exaggerated emphasis to efface the recallection of its original blunder. Such a common occurrence would probably have been passed without comment, but the " device" which the Times would persu a d e Government to have re course to, with a view to meet the exigency, is so utterly irreconcileable with justice or sound policy, that in order to account for its being broached the state of mind of the author requires to be noticed. The Times, panic stricken on being suddenly awakened to a sense of the full danger of the Indian revolt, has recommended a measure which its own sound judgment will denounce as soon as the dis turbing influence of terror has been allayed by time. To the Times, looking round for the means of de fraying the cost of the Indian revolt, it has occurred that there are fortunes made in Hindostan which would be considered immense even in the City of London. 'The Baboo bargains and speculates, and scrapes and saves, until he has amassed millions of rupees." The Baba° there fore, because he has accumulated millio ns drupees, may lawfully be plundered, according to the Times, to obtain - the tneana of paying fx7r-they supprafitaion of the revolt. Our contemporary appears to be haunted by a dim consciousness that the proposal is rather outrageous, for it not only begins by working itself up into a passion at the Baboo, by placing his accumulation of fortune in au odious light through the application of dialogistic epithets to the act, but it beats about for some plausible ar guments in favour of its plan. The taxes of the Baboo, we are told " are next to nothing," while the heavy taxes of the country " all fall upon the unfortunate ryot." It is also insinuated that the Baboos may have had something to do in getting up the insurrection :—" It is more than probable that a rich and influential class have not been un willing to profit by the misdeeds of the soldiery." And, to remove any scruple that these imputations and inuendoes may leave remaining, it is boldly declared that "if the loyal suffer with the treacherous, it will only be is accordance wilt the inevitable law which links together for good or evil all members of the community." The Times, having thus silenced any faint whispers of con science that may have disturbed ir e pruceeds to in dicate the modus operandi, the process by which the Baboos—guilty of bargaining and speculating, of scraping and saving—may be squeezed, and com pelled to disgorge a portion of their accumulated wealth. " Perhaps a Property Tax, extending the burden over a series of years, would be the simplest and most equable device ;" or, it may be necessary to suspend specie payments ;" or, lastly, " new ex pedients for raising money" may be required. The Times is not particular. Provided that money can be extorted from these villanous Babcos, who bays been graceless enough to do in Calcutta what the Times a few !days ago lauded the late Mr. Mor rison for doing in London, any means conducive to that end will meet with the approbation of our con temporary. Now, we would humbly submit to the favourers of ties notable financial scheme, that in the first place it is bad policy to teach men to regard taxa tion and punishment as synonymous terms. Taxes are is a!1 points of view sufficiently disagreeable without being presented in the character of a penalty. If a more equitable system of taxation is required in India—and we heartily believe that it is—let it be adopted on its own merits, as an act of justice, not inflicted as au act of vengeance. Then as regards these " favourite aversions" of the Times — the Baboos—we would further represent, in all humility, that the charge of favouring the revolt is not very clearly brought home to them. The syllo gism by which the Times seeks to establish !heir cul pability is nearly as follows : "It is not improbable that a wealthy and influential class has not been unwilling to profit by the misdeeds of the soldiery." The Baboos are a wealthy and influential class. Ergo—the Baboos have profited by the misdeeds of the soldiery. The premises will scarcely bear out the conclusion. Next, as to the subterfuge, that, " if the loyal suffer with the treacherous, it will only be in ace rdance with the inevitable law, ac.," we humbly conceive that this is a fallacious application of the doctrine of necessity. If the Baboos are to be squeezed by a special act of the Government, their suffering from it can scarcely be regarded an unavoidable participation in the suffering entailed upon society by th e ac t s o f t h e mu tineers. The Baboos will in th a t case have b een singled out to undergo additi ona l su ff er i ng. N ow it mus t be borne in mind that th roug h out India t h e ca p i talist class have, with sca rce l y any except i ons , acted as our friends on the p resent occasion. H a ve we so few enemies there that we can afford to add to their number by injustice to a class whose wealth may make them dangerous Nor is this all. The extor tion which it is proposed to practice on the B:> boos cannot easily b e res t r i cte d to them. I s the penal pro perty tax to b e i mposed upon na ti ve capitalist s alone ? Are European c a pit a li s ts in fndia to be ex empted ? or are they (as was the case of the English newspapers when the Gaging Act was passed) to be subjected to the penal property tax, to show the impartiality of Government ? Of the pro posal to suspend specie payments, in a country wht re the circulating medium. c ' mists exclusively E gi u u r v o i p ty ea ; n but o r w t e he ne: : , y of specie, it is no t easy to spea k w ith b ee ' m i ng greater sufferer s from a paper currency with a forced circulation, Mated value ? Th e scheme b y w hi c h th e Ti mes would meet the ex t raordinary c h arges en t a il e d b y and t b i e s: a :lil'setiedn capitaliststr o ,iy ask whether th e with a dep re - would be th e the revolt upon our India Government is unjusi, because it would be de facto a confiscation of the property of innocent natives and of European mer chants settled in India. It is impolitic in a finan cial point of view, because, being an arbitrary in t rference with thenaturat course of trade, it would dry up Ihe sources of production in Hindostan. It is impolitic in a political point of view, because it I would convert into bitter enemies the most friendly, wealthy, and int e lli gent class o f t h e natives of India. The reklessrleis displayed by the writers in the Times since the commencement of the Bengal mu tiny has been most lamentable. To serve the pur pose of the moment they have constantly said one day what they have been compelled to unsay the next. Till Saturday last we were told that disaf fection was confined to the military, and that the neck of the mutiny was broken ; now we are asked to believe that all the most w,althy commercialists are accessory to the revolt, and that it will require years to restore law and order. The deranging in fluence o f the Company's remittances of silver was ignored till Saturday last ; now an exaggerated ac count of its effects is given to induce the English public to sanction an act of gross inj ustice. The lan guage of the writers in the Times has almost the appearance of being intended to create us enemies in India. The insolent manner in which the confis cation of the Baboos is recommended now is quite in keeping with the proposal made some time ago to depose Seindiah and Holkar—if they joined the insurgents, because they were enemies—if they did not, because their inability to control the con tingents, raised, officered, and paid by England, showed they were too powerless to do us any harm. Whenever the Times attempts to grapple with In dian facts one is tempted to impute to it gross ig norance of India. But now, when it propounds schemes of Indian finance, one is equally tempted to attribute to it a profound study o f th e na ti ve financ'ers. Any person who will take the trouble to consult Wilks' " History of Mysore" will bo compelled to acknowledge that the Times' plan for raising the wind in the present Bengal difficulties is a servile plagiarism of the method resorted to by Hyder Ali. PRICE'S OF 811 ARES. Prom the Official LW. PUBLISHED EVERY TUESDAY AND FRIDAY EVENIN LONDON, FRIDAY, Nov. 6, 1857. CANALS Names of Companies. Divided per "i 3 Annum. I , Price Names of Companies. Dividend per A.shtn &Oldh Birmingham Coventry... • Derby .. • • • • , GrandJunctn Do,, 6 pr. Ct. Grand Jnion Kennt & Avb Leeds &Livr p Leicester .. • • Leicstr & N - tb Loug;o.orogh Macclesfield. Neath • • Oxford.. 93 7s. p. ct. 40 41. 190 111. 100 61. 15s. 100 V. pr. ct. 10 6'. pr. ct. 100 7s. 6d 40 63. 100 251. , 00 Si. 83 11.55. 113 701 100 2/. 10s. 100 161. 100 Name of Company. Berlin ....... East London Do. 4 per Cent Pref. Do. 5 per Cent. Pref. Grand Junction ...... Do. New •• .• •• Kent.... •........... Lambeth ........ .... New River Company.. Southwark & Vauxhall West Middlesex ...... Do. Do, .... .. Rritish Provincial ... Brighton •• •• • • . City of London .... . Equitab1e........... European .... ..• • . Great Central ....... Imperial Ditto New Ditto Debentures Do. Continental I st Cap. Do. Do. 2d Cap. Do. Do. 3d Cap. Do. Do. 4th Cap. Indepen<ient London Parl. Preferen. Pho3nix .•• •• •• •• •• Rateliff Surrey Consumers United General • Westminster Chartered Ditto, New Western A. ... Ditto B ...... Name of Company. Elttnzerford.... •• .. •. Southwark ...... .. Ditto New of 7% p.c. Waterloo ..... ........ Ditto Old Ann. of 8/. Ditto Nw ditto of 71. Vauxhall ............ Name of Company Commercial .. • • •• ..•• Do. Preference East and West India.. Grand •Inrry D. & Canal Do. Loan Notes .. .. Do. 5 per cent. Pref. London .• • • ••••• • • it. Katharine •....... 4 outharnpton ........ Victoria .• •••. •• •... Ditto New ........ Name of Company. Albion .... • • .... • • •• Alliance Brit. ar.3 For. 88% 19D Peak Forest.l ,Regent's • • • • IRochdale..•• , !Stflrd &Wor Stourbridgt...' Severn and t Wye Rail. iWarwick & Birming. j 'Warwick & 1 Napton.. j Worcstr & Birming. iWilts & BrkBl 51. per cnt. 61. per cnt. 4/. per cent. 51. per cent. 4c. per cnt. Ditto Nfarine ....... Xthenmuna .......... Atlas .. Irgue Life ...... Ilritish Commercial Church of England City of London Clericl.ged.Bc Gen. Life County ........ ...... Crown .............. Eagle Equity and Law...... European Life Family Endowment General• • • • •• •• .• • • • • Globe Gresham Life Do. D 0... ...... Guardian ............ Imperial Fire ..... Imperial Life ..... Indemnity Marine.... Law Fire ..........•• Law Lite.— •• ......•• Legal and General Life London . . London & Prov. Law• .. !sled. Lwlid & Gen Life Minerva • • • Monarch .. • • •. New Equitable Pelican .• •• •• •• .• 041 Phoenix Professional Life.... .. Provident Life.... .... Rock Life.... •• .. • .. Royal Exchange ...... Sun Fire Ditto Life ..... United Kingdom .... Universal Life Victoria Life • • .... • • SI. per ent. :4!. peTcent. M AND COKi Dividend per Aniaum. 71. per cent. 5/. per cent. 121. per cent. 1 21. 61. per cent. 81. per cent 101. per cent, 31. 51. 41. 15s. 41. 10s. 61. per cent sy, per cnt 5/. AI. per cent. I 6s Ocl per sh. 7 per cent. lOs per cent! 11. 12s. Od. 11. Rs. Od. 28s. DOCKS. Dividend per Annum. 51. pr cent. Amount of Share. s. d. 10 0 0 stock. 25 0 0 25 0 0 20 0 0 25 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 61. pr cent. V. per cent. Name of Company. 100 0 0 GL G 0 5 I 8 :E COMP. Amount of Share. .£ 3. d. 20 0 0 20 0 0 150 0 0 50 0 0 29 0 0 10 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 Stock 50 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 40 0 0 25 0 0 60 0 0 20 0 0 10 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 0 X a. d. 25 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 0 100 0 0 60 0 0 40 0 0 70 10 3 51. pr cent. 1404/. per cnt. 4 per cent. 1 54 Os per c. 71. per c. 71. 118.6 d. 4. p.c. & bs. Amount of Share. X s. d. Stock. stock. Stock. 100 0 0 100 0 0 25 0 0 Stock. Stock. 50 0 0 20 0 0 20 0 0 s. d. 500 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 1 0 0 50 0 I/ 100 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 100 0 0 20 0 0 100 0 0 5 0 0 Stock. Annum. 51. Os. 17; 281 121. 108. 11. 16x. 15s. Od. & bs V. per cent. 71. 10s. 71. 10s. 51. 5 pr ct.& bs. 4/. per share 18s. ss. 5 1 4 per cent. 1/. 41. per cent. 6 per cent. 51. per cent. 51. per cent NI. per cent 10s. 7s. Od. 24 St 2s bons . 41. per oh. 43. per share H. 3s. 188.5, bs. 4% per cent 51. per cent. 51. per cent. , 4 per cent Si p. ct. 51. per cent. Si. per cent. 124 per c. 7s. 'p c. & bs p. c & bs 11. 14s. 41. & bonus. 51. & bonus. 51. & bonus IINT-STOCIC Dividend per Paid. Annum. X a. d. 100 All Australasia........... Bank of Egypt ...... Bank of London . . British North American Ch Bk. Ind. Aust & Ch, City..... ..... Colonial • • • • • • • Commercial of London. Eng. Scot. & Aust. Ch. Lond. C nal'. Bk. of Aua. 201. per cent. 51. per cent. 9 per cent. 4 , per cent. 51. per cent. Paid. Z s. d. All 20 0 0 100 0 0 500 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 too 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 0 25 0 0 50 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 0 20 0 0 5 0 0 10 O 0 71. p. c. & bs. 4'. per cent. 51. per cent. 6 5 0 ►oo 0 0 Paid. 5 0 0 Stock. 20 0 0 100 0 0 X ■. d. Paid. Do. New . • • • .... London and County Lon & Eastn Biikg. C. London Joint-Stock Londn arid Westminatr Vat. Provincial of Eng. DIM, New Ditto ditto Natio•ml Bank Amount of Share. IV. per cent. 6;. per cent. 28 per cent. 18 per cent. 16pc.8cbs .£ s. d. Stock. 00 0 0 00 0 0 5 0 0 Btock. 50 0 0 20 0 0 14 0 0 Paid. New • oath Wales orieritui Bank Corpora. Ottoman Bank ...... Provincial of Ireland.. Ditto, New......... ...... .... South Australia .• Union of Australia.... Union of Hamburg.... Union of L0nd0n...... Unity Mutual Western Bank o , Londn. X. d. 40 0 25 0 :00 0 50 0 20 0. 100 0 100 0 'lOO 0 1 20 0 120 0 20 0 50 0 ,100 0 50 0 100 0 100 0 20, 0 20 0 1 50 0 20 0 25 0 20 0 100 0 ' 10 0 25 0 25 0 25 0 ti SV.per cent.' 20% per cent. 101. per cent. p. ct.&bs. 81. per cent. 5/. per cent. 0/. per cent. I/. per cent. s. d. 50 0 0 11 0 0 25 6 0 all 5 15 0 25 0 0 5 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 0 5 0 0 5 0 0 .. 5 0 0 all 51. per cent.l Price. 4 0 0 all 15 0 0 50 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 ' 47 5 0 50 0 0 20 0 0 30 0 0 2 10 0 13 0 0 2 10 0 12 10 0 2 0 0 12 10 0 2 0 0 20 0 0 2 0 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 Price Price. - 0 10 0 10 0 0 0 10 0 5 10 0 10 0 0 5 Q 0 7 1i 277 Price. LIST OF SCOTTISEI COMPANIES' PRICES. - • Dividend Amcuut Name of COmpany• per of Paid. Price. Annum. Share. ---- -- -- - £ a. d. A s. d. Sank of Scotland ...• 71. per cent. 100 C 0 100 0 0 188105 British Linen Company 81. per cent. 100 0 0 100 .0 0 216105 Caledonian Bank .. •• . 81. per cent. 10 0 0 210 031 173 City of Glasgow Bank 51. per cent. 10 0 0 10 0 0 11117 e, Clydesdale Bank •• - 5%1. p cent. 20 '0 0 10 0 0 13 , 5s C mmercial Bank .. 71. per cent. 500 0 0 100 0 0 2401 0 Eastern Bank ........ 61. par cent. 25 0 0 10 0 0 141 Os Edinb. & Glasgow.... 3541. p cent. 5 0 6 0 041 16s National Bank •• •• •• 6% per cent. 100 0 0 100 0 0 1901 0 North of Scotland Bank 51. per cent 10 0 0 210 05/ 10e Royal Bank ofScoti. .. 5/. per cent. 100 0 0 100 0 0 13111 s Union Bank of Scot. .• 81. per cent. 100 0 0 50 0 0 1001 0 Western 8ank........ 71. per cent. 50 0 0 80 0 0 531 0 alliance Fire and Lice.. 8%1.pr cent. 100 0 0 11 0 0 17112 s British Guarantee . .. 41. per cent. 10 0 0 2 0 0 11 lls Caledonian Fire Insur. 10t.per cent. 100 0 0 10 0 0 241105 City of Glasgow Lite.. 61. per cent. 25 0 0 2 0 0 41 2s Colonial Life ......... 51. per cent. 50 0 0 3 0 071 Os Edinburgh Life Insur. 61. ear cent. 100 0 0 15 0 0 281 7a Eng. & Scot, Law Life 51.0er cent. 50 0 0 3 6 0 4! 68 Life Assoc. of Scotland 61. per cent. 40 0 0 3 0 061 15s National Fire and Life 61. per cent. 10 0 0 1 4 021 0 a North British Insur... 71. per cent. 200 0 0 20 0 0 271 Os Northern Assurance Co. 20 0 0 1 0 0 11 148 Scottish Provincial .... - 50 0 0 2 0 0 21 195 Scottish Union Insrnc. 73{,1. pr cent. 20 0 0 1 0 0 11 155 Standard Life ...• .. •• 5/. per cent 50 0 0 7 0 0 261 10 . MISCELLANEOUS. Dividend Amount Name of Company. per of Paid. Price. Annum. Share. X s. d. X a. d. Acadian Charcoal Iron •• 10 0 0 2 0 0 - African Steam Ship .. 2O 0 0 10 0 0 - Assam iea .......... 6 1 . pe rcent. 50 0 0 20 0 0 - Auctien Mart•• .. •• .. 2 1 41 per cent 50 0 0 - - Australian Agriculturl - 25 . 0 0 19 0 0 22% Australian Trust •• .. 81. pr cent. 100 0 0 25 0 0 - Austra/ian Royal Mall - 10 0 0 all - Anglo-Mexican Mint.. 11. 10a. 10 0 0 all - British A.merican Land Si. per cent 50 0 0 40 0 0 ..... 1 Canada ... •• .... •• .. it. per ceet. 100 0 0 32 10 0 125 Do. 5 per cent Bonds 51. pet cent Stock 100 0 0 - Ditto, 5 per cent bds 5/.per cent. Stock 100 D 0 - Ditto, 6 per cent. .• 61. per cent. Stock 100 0 0 - Ditto, 6p c. bds 1874 61. per cent. Stock 100 0 0 - Ditto, 6p c. bds 1876 61. per sent. Stock 100 0 0 -. Crystal Palace Ditto Preference 7l pr. cent. 50 0 all 50 0 4 Crys. Palace of France - 40 0 all - city Navigation Bonds 3%/. per cent - Electric Telegraph - Stock- 'OO - 0 e 98% Eng "c 1 us. Cop. Smelt. - 50 0 all Eng.&lris. Mag. T. Co. - 50 0 0 - Equitable Iteversionry 5f p er all - Ditte New . .... , Gen. Revers. B :lnvest. cent ,00 0 0 1)0 00 - GGeenn..slt.eSacm. NCtadv.i(2l.altrnio.n) - ,1 p c end 1/ ,00 0 0 00 0 0 - 50 0 0 22 10 0 - London Gen. Omnibus ;2 1; 1 1. 25 0 0 all - a Ll a u n ds g o er n f ' o e r i d laz p - erct. &1500 14 0 0 2 3 3 t Si . per cent 40 0 all LI v L lo o en t : d . . Reversi;ry . 2 17 . 1' 54 c . ent. Stock Stock - all - mc Comp.. - 00' 0 00 all - 5/, per cent. 115 0 e - 10 0 0 all - Nat. - 25 0 0 50 0 3% N.S.W. Gov.sp.c. Deb. 51 , per cent. - 100 0 0 - Nor. Bet. Australasian 6d. 1 0 0 all - North of Europe, Stu,. 81. per cent. 20 0 0 17 10 0 - Price'sPatentCand. Co - 21 0 0 all - Peel River. Land &Min. - 5 0 0 all - Pen. & Oriental Steam 71. per cent ,50 0 0 all 72 Ditto New - .50 0 0 10 0 0 all - - Reversionary Int. Soc. 4%1. pr cent . 100 0 0 olCDn&le:eoB'Su.N,A:. M a us°. Ditto New •• .• - Royal \lan Steam it. p. share: 100 0 0 if 0 c 58 % Scottish Aus. Invest l5l. per cent. - 1 0 0 all ISi South Australian Land 71. per cent. 25 0 0 all - Trust and Loan Corns. i 54.. pr cent. 20 0 0 5 0 0 .... VB.l Diemen's Land • • 101. 100 0 0 28 10 0 - Goy. 6 per cent. rinds. 6 per cer:k - 4 ..... ..... THE ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH. The long and most tedious process of winding this enormous length of cable from out the holds of the Agamemnon and the Niagara has been com pleted, and the Atlantic telegraph, like a monster snake, is about to hybernate for the winter at Plymouth, in the Keyhara-yard. A large shed has been specially built fur its reception ; it is 120 feet by 50 wide, and divided into 4 water-tight compart ments ; so that the perfect insulation of the whole length can be tested under water whenever it may be deemed advisable. The Agamemnon will go into harbour, and the Niagara has returned to America, where various alterations suggested by the experience of the late attempt will be in her internal fittings, that no mechanical aids or conveniences may be wanting to the proper accommodation and paying out of her portion of the coil. It is expected that she will return to this country in the early part of next year, again to bear her part in the great undertaking under better auspices, and, we most sincerely trust, with better results. In the meantime, during the whole of the winter, Mr. Whitehouse, the chief electrician of the company, will Le engaged in a variety of experi ments of the most interesting nature upon the cable. Not only will th ese b e directed to ascertain its general electric capabilities, but the rate at which each signal can be transmitted, and the effect which the different periods of the day, the temperature, and state of the atmosphere, have upon its conduct ability. The result o f tese experiments must assist in solving a number of curious electrical phe nomena, of the real causes for which very little is at present known, and the observations of so emi nent an electrician as Mr. Whitehouse cannot fail to be of value and importance to the advancement of our knowledge on the subject of voltaic currents through such a coil. The results ought to be great, for never yet had any man such a gigantic appara tus placed at his command for experimeutalizing as this 2,000 miles of submarine cable affords. The 300 or 400 miles of cable which last August were so effectually submerged off the west coast of Ire land stilt remain at the bottom of the sea. Much of this piece, and very possibly half of it, might have been recovered had the attempt been made at once after the return of the expedition, but now the chances in favour of the recovery of any portion worth mentioning are much diminished. Never theless, this 300 miles are not useless, and in a scientific point of view have not been lost or wasted, for the changes in the electrical condition of the wire are constantly watched night and day, arid will be used. for the purpose of throwing addi tional light on the subject of terrestrial electro magnetic currents. Many precautions and improve ments suggested by the first unsuccessful attempt to lay the cable will be introduced into the plan of operations for the next year. In. the first place it will ba attempted earlier,--most likely at the end of Jine or beginning of uly, so that in case of any hitch occurring there may be ample time to repair it, andstill leave August open for another effort. Of course,the same description of cable will be used for its kind it would be difficult, if not not quite impos sible, to devise a better. Fora wire covered rope it possesses in II most astonishin g degree the import ant qualities of lightness, strength, and perfect flexi bility. The expedition started with about 2,600 miles of this cable last summer, of which about 400 have been lost. Last week the strand and closing machines of Glass and Elliott were again set to work to make up this deficiency of 400 miles, but in all it will be necessary to spin 800, as it has been determined not to start again with less than 3,000 miles clear. This extra amount, however, is only to meet any unusual emergencies that may arise, and not to allow for slack, as the smeller the quantity of slack payed out the safer will be the process of submerging, and the greater will be the ease with which the telegraph can afterwards be worked. But it is principally to the improvement of the paying -out machines that the efforts of the com pany have been directed. Last year these machines, aided by considerable obstinacy and rashness, ruined the whole plan, and, the steed being thus effectually stolen for the present, the most tremens dou4 precautions are now being taken to bolt the stable door. The machines are being made under the special advice and directions of Mr. Penn, Mr. Field, Mr. Lloyd, and Mr. Everett, the chief engi neer of the Niagara. Messrs. Easton and Amos have been intrusted with their manufacture, which insures all that skill and experience can effect in their solid construction. With the details of the plan upon which they are to be made we are not yet acquainted further than that tuey are especialy contrived to guard against the strain on the cable caused by the sudden pitch of the vessel, and also that the break in the wheels will bo perfectly self acting, and so made that it will be impossible to place upon it more than about one-third of th • stain which the cable can safely be relied upon to bear. Instead of submerging the c aide from this side of the Atlantic, it has been decided to comme nce halves operations by uniting the ends of the two board the Niagara and the Agamemnon in the centre of the ocean, and each v essel then making the best of its way to land. The former ship will steer to these shores, and the latter to Newfoundland By this plan the operat ion o f laying the coil wi ll be got over in exactly on e half the time which it must otherwise occupy and we need scarcely say that a nything. which diminishes the time less ens ether N n the fact that the set of the Gulf st ream i s i n this New e Worldas o the risk from bad we ath e r in exact proportion. The opponents of this plan are to be found among the deep sea fishermen, who generally prefe r th e theo of laying and who advance, Y , jr' down ' thecable among from the direction, and that it would b e b etter for the ex pedition to have the current in its favour than against. But, as we bailee, the influence of the Gulf stream does not extend below 70 fathoms depth, one is at a loss to see how it can affect an undertaking to submerge a cable to the depth of more than 2,000 fathoms. A more reasouabie ob j ection lies in the fact that in the centre the cable must be joined, and that it has been determined not to join with a five mile centre of steel wire, which would give it tenfold strength at this point. When to this deficiency we add the fact that the lay of each piece of cable is made in a different direc tion, and that one portion forms a right and the other a left hand screw, each of which helps the other to untwist, we cannot, however reluctantly, help seeing that this joining in the centre is a blot in the whole scheme. Of course, a plan (according to which a heavy square weight is to be attached to the joining) his been d ev i se ' to prevent the w i res . untwisting possible. But a weight at this junc tion is a most serious danger, though we are told that the whole mistake offers so many and such important "advantages" that it reminds us forcibly of the pl in which an inhabitant of Laputa had projected, and by which he cut cabbages better, quicker, and elle iper then by any other method ex cept the ordinary one of cutting them with a knife. So also our admire ion is solicited for this blunder, as turning out, after all, bettser and safer than any other method in which it could be (I , ,ne, except that of doing it properly. There seems an unusual demand just now foi submarine cables, no less than five or six cables for dale' ent places and Governments having been la~ely c unpleted. Nearly all of them have be.Ai male by Glasse and E:liott. One was for the Swedish Government ; one for the Danish, to con nect Denmark with Sweden. One t connect join and one land • Ceylon and Colombo on the main la_ 9 nearly In to Kurrachee with Calcutta. a'l these cases the conducting wires have been formed in the same manner and of the same sized wires as in the case of the Atlantic Telegraph, and all of tie m display the same admirable construction as to lightness, strength, and durability, more or les. strongly according to their length and the depth and nature of the sea in which they are intended to discharge their submarine duties. CRYSTAL PAL A 0 u.-11alfcrown-day, Saturday, Nov. 7.—Admissions o.r. payment, 512; do. by season tiekets, 1,207 ; total visitors, 1,719. GAS-LIGH' Name of Company WATER-WORKS. Dividend per Annum, BRIDGES. Dividend Amount per of Annum. Share. 'RANCE COMPANIES. Dividend per Annum. Amount of Share. Paid. A 8. d. all 18 15 0 50 0 0 an 6 0 0 60 0 0 25 0 0 20 0 0 20 '6 0 50 0 0 10 0 0 20 0 0 35 0 0 10 0 0 5 0 0 22 10 0 15 . 0 0 25 0 0 2 10 0 3 0 0 10 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 160 S 0 all 12 10 100 0 42 15 0 41 0 43 10 0 41 0 0 all 52 0 0 16 0 0 10 0 0 all 4 0 0 EXTRAORDINARY FIGHT BETWEEN A LION AN D A TIGI:R. Our readers doubtless noticed, a few days back, account of a tiger which escaped from a cattle truck in Rateliff highway, London, and which, after run ning along the centre of the road for some distance, was caught by his keepers while in the act of tear ing a lad who unfortunately crossed the animal's path. The tiger, which was only 18 months old, but of large size, was the p ro p er t y o f M r. J amrac h , an importer of wild beasts, and he seld it a day or two afterwards to Mr. Edmonds, the son in-law and successor of Wombwell in the management of one of the well-known travelling manageries. Mr. Edmonds' purchase reached Birmingliam on Satur day night, and on Mondayit. joined the managerie at We. Bromwich. It was placed in one of the ordinary carriages, one of two compartments, the adjoining den being occupied by a very fine li on , six or seven years old, for which Mr. Edmonds gave 3001. three years ago. The attendants had all left the managerie to go to break fast, when suddenly those in the carriage which the proprietors occupy were alarmed by an unusual outcry among the beasts. They soon discovered the cause. The newly - bought tiger had burglariously broken through the "slide" or partition dividing his den from that of the lion, and had the latter ie his terrible grasp. The com bat which ensued was a terrific one. The lion acted chiefly on the defensive, and having probably been considerably tamed by his three years' confinement, the tiger had the advantage. His attacks were of the most ferocious kind. The liou's mane saved his head and neck from being much injured, but his savage assailant at last succeeded in ripping up his belly, and then the poor animal was at the tiger's mercy. The lion was dead in a few minutes. The scene was a fearful one. The inmates of every den seemed to be excited by the conflict, and their roar ing and howling might have been heard a quarter of a mile distant. Of course Mr. Edmonds and his men could not interfere while the conflict lasted, but when the tiger's fury had partly subsided, they managed to remove the carcase. He must have used his paws as a sort of battering ram against the partition, as it was pushed in rather than torn down. For the future he will be confined in a carriage of extra length, lined throughout with sheet iron. We expect to hear that he has been christened " Nana Sahib," which would certainly be an appropriate name for a Bengal tiger of so ferocious a character. He is valuable, having coat Mr. Edmonds 4001.—Birmingham Journal. Country Market:, DALKEITH GRAIN MARKET—Noy. 5. Qrs. Best. Current. Inferior 392 Wheat 63s Od. 43s Cid 2es Od 1088 Oats 2Bs 6d 22s llid lBs Od 1002 Barley 42s Od 3ls 3d 40 Peas & beans 46s Od 43s 6/d 4ls Od HADDINGTON GRAIN MARKET—Nov. 6. WHEAT. BARLBY I OATS. I 311112.13. First sBs Od 41s Od 1 30s 6d I 493 Od Second 4ss ld j 343 6d 1 253 ld j 42i 5d Third 32s Od I 23s 6d I 20s 6d i 34 Od Total quantity of wheat in market, 459 qrs., 373 sold IV XV barley „ 719 qrs., 702 sold 10 , oats ~ 469 qrs., 469 sold .1 ..1 beans ~ 101 qrs., 78 sold AVERAGES PER runt - Bud, QUARTER. Wheat, 2/. 5 1 1-12ths 1 Barley, 7 1/.14 - 6 6-12thv Oats, ... 14 5 1 3-12 the 1 Beaus, 24 5 5 6.l2tbs ABERDEEN—Nov. 6. Potato oats 91s Od to 21sK1 } 4olbs ptr bushel Common oats 19s Cd to 20s Od Bere 28s Od to 30s Od } s3lbs Barley 28s Od t o .30 s Od Wheat, red (spring)3ss Od to 38s Od ~,,whit e}62lbs Oatmeal 17s bd to 18s Gd p er b o ll. Flour 40s Od to 41s Od per sack. rnovisioN MARKET. Beef, per lb 6d to 93 I Butter, p lb. Os Od t o i s ld Mutton, per lb Ed to 9d 1 Eggs, p doz. Os lld to is Od Lamb, do., Os 6d to 0:4 93 , Hens, p pair 3s Od to 3s 6d Veal, per lb ... 6d to Os 9 , Chickens,do.ls 6d to 2f, 01 Pork, perlb...os Od to Os 01 Ducks, do., Os Od to 2t. 61 Salmon, per lb .... ..... 03 Od Ducklings,oOs Od to 2s 61 Grouse, per brace.„ 0s to Os Turkeys, each 5s Od to 5s 61 Tallow, p stone, Os to —s 01 Potatoes, pr pock, 10d to 121 Rabbits, each Od to Od. Butter for exportation (present cure) per cwt. Ole to 1001 Eggs, wholesale price, per dozen . . - d to 8d RETAIL PRICES. Flour,l4lb 0s Od to 2s 4d I Barley flour,l4lb.Os to 28 03 Oatmeal Os Oct to is 10d. I „ dust, ..... Os to N 10d Beremeal ....Os Od to is 10d ~ p e r lb 2d to 2id Yeasemeal... Os Od. to 2s 4d I Sids. Cheese, per imperial s tone, 4s. Oct. to 4e 6d 4-Ib. 10af...8d. 1 2-Ib. 10af...4d. DUBLIN. Nov. 6. Our market to-day was moderately supplied with grain Every molt met a slow sale at about last day's prices, ex cept grinding barley,• which could s carce l y b e moved even a e t - a decline of is to 2s per brl. Indian corn is pressed on the market, and a large buyer could purchase at lower rates. White wheat, 30s 01 to n2s Od ; red ditto, 28s Od to Spy 6d; ditto new, —e Od; barley, malting, 153 Od to 20e; grind ing, —s to —s ; oats, old, 15s 6d to 18s; ditto, new, 14s 6d to 15s Od; oatmeal, 14s Od to IGs; bere, new, 158 to 165 tid ; rapes +, d, 26s Od to 28s Od per brl; bakers, flour, Is. Od to 24s Od per cw t ; I ndian core, 3Gs Od to 374 Od per 180 lbt. LOCAL SHAKE MARKBTJ. LIVERPooL. Nov. 7. STOCK EXCITANGE.—The market has been rather firmer to-day. Lancashire and Yorkshire, 913 Ditto, 94 shares, par--Chester and Holyhead, 33----Midland, 814 — Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire, 634—Grand Trunk of Cao,ada, 8 1 1—Eastern Counties, 104—Dutch Rhenish, 6 dis—North Eastern, Berwicks, 22j— London, 943 t.l MANCHESTER. Nov. 7. STOCK EXCHANGE.--The market was doing very little business to-day, and prices firm. Doyen, 181—Leeds, 91 Londons, 94—Sheffields, 374--Midlands, 814—Gran4 Trunk of Canada, 9. BIRMINGHAM, Nov. 7. STOCK EXCHANGE. —Prices in the market geeerally depressed to-day, and very little business. London and North Westerns, 941 i-Midlands, 80I—Great Western, 48.1 i---Shropshire Unions, 41$. eifi LEEDS, Nov. 7. . _ 30% STOOK EXONANGL—The market to-day very inactive, 47 and very little business was transacted. Midlands, 811 1 Leeds, :304 —Dovers, la —E as t ern U n i on, B, 7 11-16 - North Eastern, Leeds 23i—L on d on and South Western, ::.. 86i—Lancaehire and Yorkshire, 941. 36 G la -INMAN _sIINS. —Lord Panmure having, on the soli citation of the Mayor and Council of Worcester, pre sented two guns to that city, they arrived in Worcester on Friday, and at the annual 9th of November meeting of the council, to be held to-day, the question will be decided what will be done with th«m. [ADVERT'SEMENT.] The most inveterate liver gout. plaints and diarrhoea, which had resisted all !medicines for years, yielded to Du Barry's delicious Revalenta Arabica Food, which removes indigestion (dyspepsia), flatulency, constipation, nervous, bilious, and liver com plaints, cough, asthma, consumption, and debility. Our old a n s ien lo i llo t ‘ h vs e : 2 t o r t a h vell m e a r r , ch M , aj l o B r s2. E . di D e, ear wr s it i e r s . of the liver and an inveterate diarrhoea, brought on in India — gr ‘ e ` at Lon ln d d o l n a , ll —Having suffered fearfully for two years from an enlargement and China, and having tried the advice of the most eminent professional men in China, India, and at home, without any other result than gradual decay, I was on the brink of the grave—unable to lift my arms from perfect exhaustion, when Capt. Wraughton, of the Hon. E. I. C. Service, recommended me to try Du Barry's excellent Revalenta Arabica Food, ani to discard the drugs I was then taking. The result of eating this delicious Food is the perfect restoration of my health within amonth; and I take apeculiarpleasure inrecomtnending " all sufferers to follow my example. I shall be happy to a nswer any inquiries. I am, &c. , W. EDIZ, Major, H.M.S., Unattached. Supported by testimonials from the celebrated Professors of Chemistry, Dr. Andrew Ure ; Dr. Shorland ; Dr. Harvey,' Dr. Campbell; Dr. Gattiker ; Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Ingram. Lord Stuart de Decies; the Dowager Countess of Castle. Stuart; Major-Gen. Thomas King, and many other respectable persons, whose health has been restored by it, after all other means of cure had failed. Suitably packed with full in. strnctions. In canisters, 11b, 2s. 9d. ; 21b, 4s. 6d. ; 51b, Ils ; 121 b, 225. The 121 b canisters are sent carriage ft ee, on receipt of Post-Office order.—Barry Du Barry, dr CO., 77, Regent-street, London. IMPORTANT CAUTION against the fearful dangers of spurious imitations :—The Vice-Chancel. for , Sir William Page Wood, granted an Injunction or the 10th March, 1854, against Alfred Hooper Nevill, for imitating " Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food." BIRTHS. OP A sobr. On the eth inst., at the Hermitage Northumberland, Ws wife of the Rev. James 411 good. On the 6th inst., at 42, Albemarle-street, Mrs. Josiah Saunders. OP A DAVGLITER, On the 4th inst., at Oystermouth, Swansea, the wife of John Gaskoin, Esq. On the 3d inst., at Gluing Vicarage. Richmond,Yorkshire s the wife of the Rev. James C. Wharton. MARRIED. On the 7th inst., at Trinity Church, Cloudesley-square; 'William Stevens°. Owen, of the Inner Temple, barrister-at law, to Mary Ledger, youngest daugh. er of the late Georg* Ray, Esq., of Mi:ton•next-Sittingbourne, Kent. On the 4th inst., at St. Mary's, Stoke Newington, Mr. F. Bell, of Hampstead, to Mary Ann Elizabeth, the second sur• viving daughter of the late John Wreford, Esq,, of Brixton. DIED. • On the 6th inst., suddenly, Francis John Field, Esq., of 13, Cornwall-ter ace, Regent's-park, aged 67. On the 6th lust., at 24, Carlton-hill, St. John's-wood, P. M. Roberts. ~ Esq. , barrister of the Inner Temple, eldest sos of Daniel It,bertson, Esq., aged 27. At Bruxelles, Sir C eme.,t Wolseley, Bart. , of Mount Wolse• ley, co : Carlow, Ireland, On the sth inst., at Stratton-place, Piccadilly, Sir Robert Price, Dirt. On the sth inst., at Glocester-place, Portman-square, J• A. Levy, Esq., aged 79. On the sth inst., at the Liberty, Wells, Somerset, Edward Para: t, Esq., aged 48. Ou the sth inst., at 3, Upper Grafton-street, Mr. Jobs Day, aged 63, LONDON: Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG of No, 112, Strand, Printer, at 27i4 Sum Officer Nc. 112, Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in th• county of Middlesex, Monday, November 9, 1567. f