The Sun. — London, England, 1840-10-15 00:00:00

EVENING 141311'10141 THE ARMY. WARRANT REGULATING THE GRANTS OF UNATTACHED PAY, RETIRED FULL PAY, AND HALF-PAY. DATED OCT. 1, 18.10. VICTORIA R.—Whereas we have judged it expedient to reviae, amend, ai::1 consolidate the Rules, Orders, and Regulations which have from time to time been esta blished for granting unattached pay and other rates of pay to General Officers, and retired full-pay and half pay to officers of our Army : Our will and pleasure is, that from and after the date hereof, this Our Warrant shall be considered the sole author . ty upon this subject. UNATTACHED PAY AND OTHER RATES OF PAY TO GENERAL OFFICERS. 1. The number of General Officers upon unattached pay of I/. ss. c-day, not being in command of regiments, is limited to an establishment of 120 General Officers. 2. The vacancies which may from time to time occur in this limited establishment, will be filled up by General Officers recommended to Us by the General-Command ing-in-Chief. 3. General Officers, being Colonels of regiments, in the event of their regiments being reduced, may placed, in the first instance , as Supernumeraries in the slid establishment, but arc to fall into the vacancies that may occur thereupon. 4. All officers promoted to be General Officers shall, whether on full pay or hail-pay at the time of promo tion, receive unattached pay at the rate of 4001. per annum, or, if Lieutenant-Colonels of Cavalry, the net full pay of that rank, until elected to the establishment of unattached pay, at 1/. ss. a day, or appointed to be Colonels of regiments ; provided such officers shall have served upwards of six years, with the rank of Re gimental Major or Lieutenant-Colonel, either with a regiment or in some other military capacity in the public service ; or having obtained the rank of Regimental Field Officer, had been obliged to go upon half-pay on account of reduction, or in consequence of ill health contracted in the service, as established by the Rer.ort of a Beard of Medical Offieers, or in consequence of wounds received in action, before he had served the six years above prescribed. 5. The benefit of this pay shall not be extended to any General Officer who, when he last went upon half-pay, had received the difference ; nor to any officer who went upon-half pay. at his own request in time of war, aftey having obtained the Brevet rank of Lieute nant-Colonel ; nor to any officer who went upon half piy at hiS own request in time of peace, before he had served sit years with the rank of Regimental Field Officer. Officers thus situated shall continue to receive the half pay only of which they were in the receipt at the time of their promotion to be General Officers. 6. Officers removed from their Commissions as Field 011i;:ers, in regiments of Foot Guards, in consequence of being promoted to be General Officers, shall receive unattached pay according to the following scale, viz. Lieut.. Colonel 6OOl. per annum. Major 5501. TLLTIRED FULL PAY. 7. A limited establishment of retired full pay shall be formed and kept up according to the following scale :- 20 Lieutenant-Colonels at 17s. a day each. 20 Maj-Jrs 113 Captains, whereof a number, not exceeding 45, may be Bravet Field Officers, at 13s. 7d. a day each, arid the remainder Captains at 11s. 7d. a day each. Captains oa the Retired List, at a lower rate of pay, are not to be transferred to the new scale, except on the special recommendation of the General Commanding-in- Chief. 8. The officers to he selected for this retired este- Vishment shall be recommended to Us by the General Uomminding.n-Chiel, and they shall be appointed thereto according to their Regimental, and not accord ing- to their Brevet rank ; but they shall not thereby ob to.ia any additional rank, nor can they be further pro- nioted. 9. Officers hereafter appointed to veteran battalions shall not, on their retirement thcro.frem, acquire any claim to lull retired p iy, but upon reduction shall be liable to be placed upon half-pay under the same regll- Lit iiiLS as officers reduced from regiments of the Line. lIALF PAY. 10. Tfic half-pay of the Army is a remuneration for past military services, and also an obligation en the part of the officer to return to his military duties whenever cal.:A upon, and any officer not obeying the call is liable to forfeit his half-pay. 11. No officer shall be entitled to be placed on the half-pay es'alshshment on reduction from full-pay, un less he shall have actual:y done duty in some regiment or corp, or in sonic other military capacity in the public service, for a period of at least six years, excepting he sha.l have been compelled to retire upon half-pay, by wounds received in action ; or by ill-health contracted on duty in our Colonies after three years' service. 12. An officer having served more than three and leas than six years, will however, if reduced, be placed upon half-pay until recalled to active service. 18. An officer having served less than three years, will, if reduced, receive only a temporary, allowance of half-pay, according to the following scale : Services on full pay. Temporary allowance. Vader 1 year '1 and ender 2 years 2 ~ 3 ~ 1-I. The temporary allowance shall cease at the ter- thioatieu of the above-recited periods, or previously, it the offieer shall have been previously replaced on full-pay. 15..13at• an officer on temporary halt-pay shall be tel be appointed to a fuli-pay commission either by exibiange or otherwise, provided his appointment shall take place within five years after he has ceased to reeeivii'ternporary half-pay, in which case his former servi,:6•xhall be allowed to reckon. IG." Tire exchange to full-pay under the preceding article'mly be made with a full-pay officer entitled to half ply. • 17:if an officer receiving the temporary allowance shall have purchased his commission, he may receive the regulated price thereof from the public through the Se cretary ut War, and the sum thus advanced shall be refunded to the public by the sale of a first full-pay cetona'ssima, provided that not more than one first com mission out of two be thus sold for refunding to the pub is the reg ulated price of the commission so advanced. 18. It a S ubaltern Officer havitt r g a claim to half-pay is desirous of selling or commuting his half-pay, the folloaing rule shall be observed :—lf he purchased his commission, the regulated price may be given (whether receiving half-pay or tclitporary allowance) with the usual precaution of a medical certificate as to his being in a good state of health. If he did not purchase his commission, he may re ceive,the new price of that commission it a Lieutenant with seven years' full-pay service in the Army, or with six years' if a Cornet or Ensign ; and the old price of the commission if under those periods, and above four years' lull-pay service. If he did not purchase his commission, and should retire after less thaa four years, and more than three years' service, at his own request, and not on account of id health or wounds, he shall only receive half the price of the commission at the new rate. 19 But in the cases included in the two preceding Articles, no officer on half-pay shall, of right, have churn to sell or commute his half-pay :—the permission shall - be governed by such a consideration of the indi. vidwit case as the General Conumthding-in Chief and Secretary at War may think proper to recommend to us. 20'. No Garrison Commission or Appointment shalt give an officer any delta to half-pay on retirement. 21- An officer who -applies to retire upon half-pay on the ground of ill health, must, if stationed in or near Londen or Dublin, be examined by the principal offi cers of the Army Medical Departments in those cities ; and if stationed elsewhere, by a board of Medical offi• cers, agreeably to the provisions of the Articles of War ; the result of such examination to be forwarded to the General Commanding-in-Chief and Secretary at War. If such examination shall not take place, the officer will be considered to have retired upon half-pay for his own convenience. 22. Every Quarter the residence of the half-pay officer is to be stated in his declaration, whether his half -pay be received by an agent or by himself. 23. If an officer of any of the undermentioned ranks Stall have entered the service since the termination of the W ar ha 1815, and shall, after the date of this war rant, he permitted to exchange to half-pay, not on ac count of ill health, but for his private convenience, be fore be has served seven years on fut-pay, he shall b e allowed only the oldraeof if half-pay spe c ifi e d i n th e fol lowing sched u l e ; th e re tir ement should be for the reduction public conveni ence by or otherwi se , or i n con sequence of ill h ea l th as certified by a Medical Board, new he o ffi cer will be all m V e d the rate of half-pay. M Cavalry. Infantry. New Rate. New Old Hate. Rate. 1 11)7 dayd:lw [ , e s r . day. r (lay: C010ne1...... 15 6 13 ,`" : 1 ) 14 4 1. 1 3 2 . g d, Lieutenant-Colonel l2 6 10 0 11 Q 6 Major ..................... 10 0 8 0 9 6 7 7 6 5 6 7 5 "°) Captain ••••••• Lieutenant Ditto of Infantry, it com missioned seven years as a Lieutenant in the Re gular Army, at the date of being pLie--(t 4 6 --- half-pay Ditto of Cavalry of five years' standing, if en titled to reckon two years for the battle of Waterloo b 2 Cornet.... 3 b 2 6 Lieutenant and Ensi gn 3 0 110 not commis- Ad s j i u o ta n.- n i t % s if . 4040 4 0 4 0 2 4. In addition to the sate stated in the schedule annexed to the preceding article, Captains of Infantry having superior Brevet rank will, on retirement on bait pay-,,4e allowed One half of the extra pay they receive for .Brevet rank, viz- one shilling a day, provided they shall have served two years at least upon full•pay as Captains immediately before such retirement to half-pay. wwwwor.......morrylwaruiewirm■----....-,-, 25. In order to make be-ter provision for officers of 1 long and meritorious service, a li m ited number , twenty, Regimental Lieut.-Colone l s shall receive an allowance ' of 100/. a year each, in addition t. the half-pay assigned I to them by the selwaule annexed to the 23d article. 26. The officer to ba selected tor this special pro vision shall be recommended to us by the G?neril Com mending-in-Chief from those Lieut• nant-Colonels having the Brevet rank of Colonel, who have retired or may i retire to half-pay aft er thirty years' service upon full pay. But this additional rate will not be allowed to any officer who received the difference when lie retired upon half-pay, and the officer will cease to receive the allowance when he shall cease to receive half-pay. PAYMASTERS, 27. Paymasters on first appointment being invariably officers either on full or hail-pay of the Army, are in cases of future retirement from the situation of Pay master, to be allowed half-pay according to the follow ing rules : If of less than 5 years' actual ser- / The half pay of their vice as Paymaster 1 former commissions. g If of more than 5 years' and lc , s 6s. a day , or the half than 10 years' actual service as, pay of their former Paymaster commissions. of more than 10 years' and less than 15 years' actual service as 7s. 6d. a day- Paymaster of more than 15 years' and less than 20 years' actual service as 103. a day. Paymaster if of more than 20 years' actual t 12s. Gd. a day. service as Paymaster 28. Previous service of 10 years' duration or upwards, on full-pay in other ranks, as a commissioned officer, after the Paymaster shall have completed 15 years' ac tual service as such, to reckon as equivalent to 5 years' service as Paymaster. Provided always, that our Secretary at War shall be satisfied with the manner in which the Paymaster to be recommended to us for such half-pay shall have per formed his duties. 29. An officer on half-pay who may have served less than five years as Paymaster, will be eligible for re-em ploy ment on full-pay, either in that situation or in his former rank ; and if restored to full-pay, as Paymaster, his previous service will be allowed to reckon. 30. An officer who may have served more than five years and less than twenty years as Paymaster, and shall be receiving the half-pay of that commission, viz , 65., 7s. 6d., or 103. a day, will be liable to be recalled to full pay in that appointment, if his health shall be found suf ficiently good to enable him to resume its duties ; and in case he shall decline the appointment, he shall be liable to revert to the half-pay of the commission which he held before he was appointed Paymaster. QUARTERMASTERS. 31. The rate of half-pay tor a Quartermaster shall in all cases be determined by the service which the officer may have rendered to the public as Quartermaster, or in any former military capacity. 32. If a Quartermaster shall have previously served at least throe ears as a non-commissioned officer, he shill, in case of being placed upon half-pay, receive the following rate of half-pay, %iz. 6 per day 0 ... 0 ... f under 3 years' service as Quartermaster 2 f above 3 years' and under 7 years ditto 3 ... 7 ... ... 12 ... 4 ... 12 years as Quartermaster, after 20 years total service, but under 30 years f above 12 years as Quartermaster, after SO years' total service, with an unqua lified right to retire 33. A Quartermaster appointed to this situation from another commission in the army, shall, in case of reduc tion or retirement to half-pa) before he has completed 7 years' service as Quartermaster, revert to the half pay of his former commission ; but after 7 years' ser vice as Quartermaster, his half-pay shall be regulated according to the provisions in the preceding article for an officer of the same service as Quartermaster, unless his former half-pay exceeded the rate attached to his service in that article ; in which case he shall revert to such former half pay. MEDICAL OFFICERS. 34. The rate of half-pay fora Medical Officer of the Army shall in every case be determined by the service which he may have rendered upon full-pay, and the cir cumstances under which he may be placed upon hall pay. 33. If a Medical Officer shall be placed upon half pay by reduction of establishment, he shall be allowed the half-pay to which his services may enti►le him, ac cording to the following schedule : Rates of Half-Pay after a Service on 1 Full-Pay of Rank of Reduced Medi- cal Officers. 30 years. 25, but 20, but 10, but Less ' under under j under than 30 yrs. 25 yrs. '2O yrs. 10 yrs, per dm l per dm'per dm!per dm Es. d.'£ s. d.'£ s. d. , £3. d. 1 5 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 \ 10 17 001400 10 60 8 0 ) 0 15 0,0 12 6 0 10 o'o 7 6 '0 6 0 40 per dm ..£ s. d. Inspeetor-General of Hospitals Deputy Inspector-Ge neral of Hospitals 1 0 0 Staff Surgeon Regimental Surgeon and Staff Surgeon 2d class ...... 015 0 Assistant . Surgeon ...... 0 7 ti Lc as lo is o' +Ol6Ol j 0 15 0 10 7 01 per dm £ s. d. ;0 7 0 10 6 6 10 5 6 ),0 30 o 8 6' 0 5 0 36. if a Medical Officer shall be placed upon half pay from any other cause than reduction of establish ment, he shall be allowed the half-pay to which his services may entitle him, according to the following schedule : Rates of Half• Pay after a Service on Full-Pay of Rank of Retired Medical Officers. 30 years. 25, but l 2o, but 10, but under under under 30 yrs. X 25 yrs. l 20 yrs., I per dm'per dm!per dm s. d. £ s. d..£ s. d. p 15 0,0 12 (.10 0140,01000 80 Inspector Gen. :of Hospitals ... Deputy Inspect. Gen. of Hosp. Staff Surgeon Regim. Surgeon and Staff Surgeon, 2d Class .....-... Assist. Surgeon Less than 10 yrs. !O 13 0:0 96 . 0 7611 0 11 60 800 60 1 1p 60 1 0 50 1 0 40, 37. Every Medical Officer who may have served upon full-pay for twenty-five years and upwards shall have the right to retire upon half-pay, and may be re commended for the rate assigned to his rank and service in the Schedule annexed to Art. 35, provided he shall have served three years in the rank from which he re tires ; but if he shall not have served three years in such rank, he shall receive only the rate attached to the rank from which he was last promoted. 38. If a Medical Officer shall have served thirty years on full-pay, including three in the rank from which he retires, or not having served such three yearn, shall have served ten in the Colonies, or five with an army in the field, in any rank, he may be allowed the rate of half-pay assigned to his rank in the schedule annexed to Art. 35 : but it is not to be understood that this clause is intended to convey any authority to place any officer -in retirement immediately subsequent to any promotion he may obtain. VETERINARY SURGEONS. 39. The rate of half-pay for a Veterinary Surgeon shall be regulated by his service on full-pay, according to the following scale, viz.— 3. d. 4 6 per diem 56 60 80 ......12 0 If above 6 and under 10 years' service 10 20 20 25 25 —. 30 —• 30 Years' Service 40. If a Veterinary Surgeon shall be reduced, before he has completed 6 years' service on lull-pay, he shall be allowed only a temporary half-pay of 3s. 6d. a-day for 3 years, and be subject, of course, to a recall to em ployment during that period. 41. Every Veterinary Surgeon who may have served upon full-pay for 25 years and upwards, or Rho may have served for 20 years, provided he has passed 5 years abroad, shall have the right to retire upon half nay, at the rates assigned to those periods of service in Article 39. CHAPLAINS TO TILE FORCES. 42. Chaplains to the Forces appointed after the date of this warrant, shall be entitled to half-pay agreeably to the terms laid down in the following Articles. 43. A Chaplain to the Forces, in case of reduction before he has completed six years' service, may be en titled to temporary half pay at five shillings a day, for three years, and be subject, of course, to a recall to employment during that period. 44. If a Chaplain to the Forces shall have served more than six years previously to reduction, his half-pay hall be regulated as follos%s Rate of Half Pay, per Diem. Service on Full Pay. s. d. Under 15 Ye a rs 5 0 Above 15 a nd un d e r Years 7 0 6 --- 20 ,30 10 :30 Years 45. A Ch ap l ain to the n who a , ( o npleted rc es ...... 15 years' service on full-pay at the rate of reduction or retirement upon h alf-pay, shall ' . be liable to be reca ll e d to the service, or forfeit his half .pay if he declines, unless a case of disability from ill he alas contracted in the ser vice be clearly established ; 'but after 15 years' service on full-pay, he shall have an unqualified right to retire, under the terms specified in the preceding Article. 46. Chaplains in garrison, or at certain stations, or at military establishments having commissions from us, shall have their retired pay rep,ulated by the warrants for the government of those Cl itablistnents, or by the rules established for civil super annuations, but not being liable to sudden orders to set ve abroad, their claim to retired or half-pay will in no el se be an unqualified right. Given at Our Court , at vVindsor, this Ist day o f O ct ., 1840, in the fourth y ear o f Our reign T• BT. B. NIACAULAY . By her Majesty't comma:lel. ~..::,. 0130 0 7 0 TFlltginT, LONDON?, TITURSDAY, OCTOBER 13, Is4o, SLAV E TRADI.: IN EtiYPT. ALEXANDRIA, SEPT. 6.--M it Yon 11 411 r:esg,—On the 4th o` Soptember last I had the honour to iay before your Hi g hness -in addre.:s the del - gates of the Anti-Shivery Convention, recently held io London, expressive of the gr.itification it afforded that body to learn that your Highness in your late expedi tion into Africa had prohibited the crime of man steal ing and the practice of paying the Egyptian troops sta tioned in Dongola, Sennaar, and Cordofan, in slaves, a practice which, on the part of your authorities, had hitherto been pursued without let or hindrance. The communication I had the honour to lay before your Highness further expressed an ardent hope that the slave trade in every place that is subject to your autho rity would be entirely prohibited, and the great evil of slavery itself ultimately abolished. On the occasion of my presenting the address of the Anti-Slavery Convention to your Highness, 1 observed with feelings of unfeigned satisfaction the interest your Highness evidently took in the question of the abolition of the slave trade, and I fully understand that your Highness is persuaded of the necessity that exists for the total suppression of it. \Vhiic this trade, however, continues (as I am sorr, to find it does) to be a source of revenue to your High ness, it is vain to talk of its suppression at Sennaar. find for each slave sold in the bazaars of Cairo and Alexandria, a tax is paid to your Highness of one dollar. and on the exportation of each slave another dollar. Independently of these duties levied by your Highness on the sale of men, there is a direct permission sold to every Gellab to exercise his vile calling, and become a member of the Company of Slave-dealers, in the same way that the various classes of artisans, bakers, butchers, shoemakers, &c. in Cairo and Alex audria are licensed, and obtain the privileges of a mono poly in the exercise of their respective callings--a license which is called esseadof, and given to the Gellabs as to any other Company, legally sanctioned by your High ness. It unfortunately happens that it is not in Egypt only, but at Constantinople, and at Smyrna like wise, that this trade in human beings is turned to the account of Government, and that a re venue is derived from it. A tax of two-and a half per cent. is levied by the Sultan on the sale of every slave, or one pars in the piastre of the price o' each, on the payment of which tax a paper, called the " penjtk," or licence, is given to the Gel lab, and is re garded as evidence of the legality of the sale. Your Highness must therefore feel that any application to the Mufti at Constantinople to obtain his consent to the change in the law which I have heard recently sug gested would be preposterous while the Grind Sicgnior protects the trade and derives revenue from it. Since I had the honour of conversing with your Highness on this subject, I have visited the slave markets of Alexandria and Cairo—the former frequently. I have also anxiously inquired into the truth of the re ports we have received in England, of the cessation of the slave-hunts on the part of your people in the upper country, and consequently of the limitation of slavery, and the hindrance of the trade in slaves. I have made these inquiries of persons worthy of al. confidence, of persons who had even recently returned from Sennaar—of those who had actually accompanied your troops in the African slave hunts ; and, expect ing to find the trade impeded, the imports diminished, sad the markets depressed, I was grieved to find these markets thronged with slaves, as heretofore, every notion of decency outraged, as of old in the centre of your cities; the women in these stalls, in many instances ex posed to the public gaze, in a state of nudity, or exhibited to the purchaser with a scanty covering round the loins, or a greasy rug hanging about their shoulders—the unfortu. nate creatures still subjected to the same catty-like treatment, to the same exposure and examination of their persons ; and moreover, on the authority of the slave traders themselves, tLe continuance of the "bunts," and the extension of the ravages of the Egyptian plun derers, on the borders of Abyssinia, still going on. It was with great surprise I discovered that the ex port of negro slaves from Alexandria to Constantinople and Smyrna was still carried on under the protection of European flags ; that one " cargo" of human beings, only a few weeks ago, had been shipped on board at, Austrian vessel for Smyrna, and that fraudulent decla rations had been allowed to be made, in which the slave: were described as the " servants" of the shipper. And with no less wonder have I learned that withit the last twelve months two slave hunts have been con ducted with all the regularity and parade of a large military movement, and not only were connived at, but were actually aided and abetted by the authorities of your H ighness at Sennaar and its neighbouring districts. An opinion, notwithstanding. had of late become pre valent in England that you had taken such measures for the ultimate abolition of the slave trade, as had already sensibly affected slavery itself, or at least diniinished the supply on which that system mainly dependee for its continuance. It can hardly be imagined how much error has been disseminated on this subject amongst a class of persons not much accustomed to he. deceived by the apologists of those who sanction slavery, or give to its terrors the blandishments of an under stated acemisiat of its enormities, and a 'very exaggerate one of the ''teps that have Veen tak&t' for their'preven. tion. Nor will your Highness be able very readily to comprehend the extent of our credulity, when you con sider only for a moment the crowded state of the slave markets of Alexandria and Cairo. At the present time there are nearly 200 women and children exposed foe sale in the slave markets of Cairo, and upwards of 100 in that of Alexandria. On the 30th of August, 1840 the following were the numbers in the slave market of Cairo : Abyssinian women Ditto boys • Negro women 75 Ditto boys 1, 191 These returns were obtained from one of the principal Gellabs of the slave market of Cairo ; and the following from the general book of registry, kept by the same per son, of all the slaves brought from the upper country it the year ending the 3) t of August, 1840 : Abyssinian women . . . . 1,700 Ditto . children . . . . 120 Negro women . . . . . 3,000 Ditto children . . . . . 270 - 5,090 . 400 Eunuchs . • • . Negro men of different countries, not brought down to the markets of Cairo and Alexandria, and sold in Sennaar, Daifour, &c. 5,000 10,490 So that the number of negroes captured by your people in the different slave hucts during the year ending Or 31st of August, 1840, exceeded ten thousand. Now, I have positive information that a large portion. of this number were captured by inaurauding parties composed chiefly of your soldiers, and consisting of many as a thousand persons on a single o ccasion, comin v from Sennaar so recently even as 1839 ; nay, more, that your troops were paid even so lately with the slave taken in one if those expeditions. My informant, a German naturalist, who was at that period in the ser vice of your Highness, and who accompanied you; troops on these expeditions, has given me the details at large, and of their fidelity there cannot be the slightest doubt, corroborated as they are by the evidence of other Europeans still in your employment.. This state of things, may it please your Highness, and the atrocious mode in which these unfortunate countries are ravaged by your Egyptian and Nubian subjects, tin people of England will learn with extreme regret, ar i d the members of the British and Foreign Ant:-Slavery Society will lament to find that one solitary act of justice to the negro race, performed by your Highness in your expedition to Fezaglian—naincly, the liberation of the slaves who were brought to you at that place, and the verbal prohibition of the slave hunts issued to you; officers on that occasion, so far as regarded the pay. ment of your troops with the stolen men—has produced no beneficial effects, and has not been follo.vi d up by any other measures of bona fide efficacy th it are ea'eu lated or intended to put a stop to this abominable trade. The members of the Convention will hear with sur prise that at Cartoon,:in the vicinity of Sennaar, French soi distill/ Consular Agent, not regularly ap pointed, but for some years past permitted to retain the title and to exercise the authority he assumed, a man of infamous diorite' e--nevertheless, recently decorated with the cross of the Legion of Honour, of o t f h s e la n v a e m s, e o o n f Ve:sier, is not only deeply engaged in this odious traffic, but has for some years past been the proprietor of an esta blishment for the reception and " storeage" the plan of the breeding farms of Virginia, kept up for the purpose of supplying the Egyptian market with slave dren of a tender age. It will be a matt er o f d eep regr , t as well as of surprise to that body, to learn that such a miscreant should be suffered to settle in a place under your authority, and that after a formal complaint pre ferred by the Doze of Wertemburg to the Cong u l- Gen2ral of the French nation at Alexandria, detailing the enormities of this man in the prosecution of his odious trade, he should still be permitted not only to remain under French protection, but be considered a ft person to be recommended to the espe c i a l f avour e : his Sovereign for a mark of distinction, that commonty is, or ought to be, the reward of merit. It cannot be denied that it is in the power of your Hii.h less to prohibit the crime of stealing men on the part of your people, and the introduction of this species of plunder into the countries over which you rule. It would be in vain to tell the people of England that the slave trade was to be tolerated in Egypt on the ground of its legality. That plea can only be admitted for its continuance by those who are utterly ignorant of Mohammedan law. It would not be believed that a prince who has the p ower to trium ph over the deep est rooted prejudices of his people—to carry his victorious armies into distant countries—to oppose successfully the greatest obstacles that can be throw n i n th e w ay of the accomplishment of his political desig ns , h a d no t the me a ns at his comm and o f abolishing this trade, and putting an end to the evil practices that have grown out of it. Amongst these, perhaps, the most barbarous of all is still tolerated, and even encouraged by your Highness cruel, sangainary, and most atrocious practice of mutilatine men for the empose of enhancing their value t- e market, and, to the disgrace of Er, pt, this cowory still continues to be the only part Of the Ottani In Le‘ pire where it exists. The civilisation of Egpt, may it please your ll!gli ness, so long es this disgraceful crime is tolerated by your functionaries, and sanctioned by your Highness's purchase and employment of the stolen men thus muti lated, for the especial service of your private dwellings— it will be in va:n to boast of. One of the most devoted of the servants of your Highness, Clot Bey, in his recent work on Egypt, states that the practice_ continues as heretofore, that not much above one-fourth part of the children who undergo this operation survive it, and that the number of eunuchs that are made every year is about 300. Some opinion may then be formed of the waste of life that takes place, of the hundreds it 4s necessary to kill to have the num ber that is here given of the survivors of it. In conclusion, may it please your: Highness, I would beg leave to recal the facts to which I have endeavoured to direct your attention. 1. At the e xpiration of nearly fifteen years I have visited Egypt for the second time, and I find slavery and the trade in slaves unchanged in their character, awl unrestrained by any measures of your Highness adopted for their suppression. 2. 1 find the slave markets glutted with negro worm la and children as heretofore. 3. 1 find the exportation of slaves from Alexandria for Turkey, on board European vessels, carried on openly at the present time: 4. 1 find the prices of slaves actually lowered by the increase of the numbers brought down to Alexandria and Cairo, and those slaves, childeen and women, sell ing from 600 to 1,500 piastres a head, or from six pounds sterling to fifteen pounds each. 5. I find the slave hunts arc carried on by your people, and even by your soldiers, as usual, and the only prohibition that has been issued, is one given in the presence of certain European Consuls at Fezaglian, that never has been carried into effect. 6. I find - the same evils arising !min this nefarious trade, and the same barbarous monopoly in mutilating beings permitted as heretofore, and even encouraged by •your authorities in Upper Egypt, For the grievous wrongs that haie - beeti inflicted on the people the promptest reparation - :is due to, Africa, and permit me to add, the debt is one which, in justice to yourself, your Highness cannot leave unpaid. When [hat good work, which was commenced at Fezaghan, by the liberation of the slaves that were brought before you, shall be accomplished, as I pray it will be by the immediate emancipation of every captive that is brought into your country, the blessings of the - poor strangers who have been so cruelly oppressed, and are at length destined to be delivered by you from their sufferings, will then plead for a benefactor, who, in the discharge of the high duties committed to him, had endeavoured to do that which was " just and equal to all men." Such. may it please your Highness, is the humble prayer of Your Highness's most obedient Servant, R. R. MADDEN. To his Highness Mehemet Ali Pacha, Viceroy of Egypt, Alexandria. PEACE OR WAR QUESTION. SPIRIT OF THE FRENCH JOURNALS OF TUESDAY. Generally speaking, the leading articles of the Paris journals are without much interest. The Constitutionnel replies to the leader of the Debats from which we gave some extracts in our last number, but its answer is merely polemical, and throws no new light upon the sub j•,•ct. The Constitutionnel repeats its former arguments in support of the policy of the Cabinet, and charges the Debats with a kind of jesuitism in its opposition, calling •ipon it to declare itself openly the enemy of the Mi nistry, and not to conceal its enmity under the cloak of impartiality. The Debats, again adverting to the revolutionary cry which has been got up under Cie pretext of enthusiasm in defence of national honour, craws a melancholy, but probably, not an exagge rated picture of the success which has attended the .fforts of propagandists and revolutionists. The success has been (says the Debats) a success of terror, for where enthusiasm for war has been created in one mind by menacing cries and seditious pro Cessions, terror has been instilled into fifty. Who (says the Debats) are the men who with one hand agitate the country, and 'advise it to plunge into universal war, and with the other push .t towards the gulf • .of: revolution?: Where is their Mirabeau or their Napoleon ? Where is their talent, titer shedding torrents of blood,. and -inflicting upon France all the .horrors of anarchy', to reconstitute a Go vernment, after having overthrown all existing institu tions ? " The anarchists," adds the `Debats, !‘ may stilt ')e able to inflict a great deal of - calamity upon tin. nation, but we defy them to do anything else." The Debats asks if it is possible,, after ,reading the exCitinF ted seditious articles of some of the, joiiinals;, and witnessing the frantic demonstrations of the •war • party, who denounce as traitors, and _enver& . all:sihoir •hey suspect of being dosirons of pence; nut to sup ,ose that the reign of anarchy has commenced. "The 'aws," continues this journal, " are openly trampled ion, the Charter, is despised, rolalty is insulted with a total disregard for decency, and the Chambers are lireatened with popular vengeance, if they'should dart to deliberate as free agents. One is no longer per• ;nitted to have an opinion of one's own, and whoever I a not for immediate war—universal war—is declares: obe a partisan of foreign s'ates." The Debats con .;lutles by observing that its experience of past times mikes' it a duty to point out to the Government and to the country the present alarming symptoms ; but it is evident from the whole of the article that the writer loes not despair of finding good sense enough in the na tion to crush the hopes of the revolutionary faction. rhe Siecle makes an appeal to those ultra-patriots, whr triply the words coward and traitor to every man wlu does not allow himself to be terrified by popular cla mour from the exercise of the right of judging o events by the standard of his own reason. The Siech isks, whether on the supposed eve of a contes' rhis kind of division at home is calculated to increase the strength of the people against their enemies ,abroad'? The Siecle then recommends that con tempt should be shown for the different calumnies against public men, which are in circulation, amongst Nbich the most general are a charge against M. Thiers, that he is a partisan for war, and the revolutionising of ►Il Europe, in order to gratify some monstrous ambi tion ; and against the King, on the other hand, as at advocate for peace even at the sacrifice of national ionour. The Siecle asks, whether the nation are not Ilike agreed to accept a peace, which --- shotdelleaVe the honour of France intact, or to reject conditions Nhich would be accompanied with dishonour. This question from the Siecle is of considerable importance, 'or it is the reputed organ of M. Odilon Barrot. This Journal has not entirely lost the power to calm the storm which it has assisted in raising : and having now declared that peace pith honour is the object of the party which it represents, and which party is very in duential in the Chamber of Deputies, it may fairly be nterred that there is not in the extreme left a deter- nination for war a tout prix ; but, on the contrary, a disposition to accept peace, if it can be had without the sacrifice of national dignity. The Quotidienne has t vary long article on the state of public feeling, and thi lforts of the revolutionists, in which, speaking of tilt nausiusni for war, it says—" Every war of exaltation enthusiasm, or fanaticism, ends fatally. National feel ing causes the success of war. The revolutionar: spirit makes war formidable. This is somewhat diffe rent." The Quotidienne adds, ~ National feeling in France is opposed to the revolutionary feeling, and this s so true, that, since the invasion of the revolutionary , pirit, there is nothing but selfishness in France. War a a country of selfishness is impossible. What ! war. hat i s to say, the sacrifice of all private interests for he gratification of M. Thiers, of any other selfish in crest at the head of society ! this would be too mud?, , ven for the best patriots. War, when the feelings of society are truly expressed by the Government, has soma meaning, for national feeling is then inspired and go verned by a sense o f c o m mo n interest ; but war , when the coteries, whos e ex i s t enc e may cease to-morrow, declare themselve s the organs of national feel ng—such a war i s a me re deception." It of the present excitement, has only would seem from this article that the Quotidienne, a hick should be carried on by a which certainly has not been idle in the creation advocated a war ment of its own choice. . It is curious enough that all the organs of he different parties have been ir,fluenced by similar considerations. The National has cried " War, war," but has always taken care to add, that no other war propaganda could be than a war of revolutionary pro suc cessful. The Capitole, which is also furious for war, Govern assur es u s, that only the Bonapartist propaganda could succeed, and that war upon any other Republicans, be disastrous. Here we have Legitim ists ' principle would and Buonapartists, all shouting for war, and all under th e s a m e pret ex t, es t h e ma i n t e nance of national exhort dig nity, and yet th e y are a ll as much disagreed in their plans, and are in th e i r pr i nc i p l es as mu ch opposed to thuenyanwimeriliey,,going to war with them selves, and not w i t h w h at t h ey a ff ec t to call a comm on each other, a s if to enemy. It i s not surprism should and t h e Debats inquire whether a cry for war raised by such organs can be said to be the legitimate voice of the nation. We extract the followin , ► from the Revue de Pa,i; : —" The event s w hi c h h ave ta k en place in Syria have imposed new duties on the policy 0 1 France. In the presence of th e execution, so hasty and s o violent, of' the Conventi on o f Loudon' there wore new resolutions to be taken, new eventualities to be foreseen. For the last week the Cabinet has had to deliberate on all the elements of a situation, the future circumstances of which cannot but add to its gravity. Never was there greater need of joining m a t ur i ty of Coun sel to energy of action. Of all the measures brought on by the Ministers, the meeting of the Chambers is the only one that is to re ceive an immediate execution. The s peedy summoning 1 of the Parliament will have, we hope, for its effect, to I die Government till the trit?ral force of which it has need. Within a fortnight the Cabinet will d:mand from the eoneurronce rif nur fundamental institutions an assistance which it f el. to be n-ce,zsary. &ace the 15th of July the policy of the Cabinet has been composed of a series of eonsi:rvative arts, which it has tried to maintain the position of intact. In presence of a treaty which sensed to offer the combinations and the frame-work of a coalition, the Ministry has taken all the precautions and safeguards which the most ordinary prudence suggested. It has armed the country, but it has menaced no one. At no point has it denounced hostilities ; on the contrary, it has every where attempted to negotiate when the nego tiation appeared to be of any utility. Thus, M. Thiers has just addressed a memorandum to Lord Palmerston in answer to his note of 31st August ; and then, in a despatch accompanying it, has protested with energy against, the dispossession of Mehemet Ali ; and has demanded that he should be freed from the effef.:ts of the decree for dispossessing him ; that he should be maintained in the possession of Egypt ; as a'so, that the Allied squadrons should make no attempt against the Turkish and Egyptian fleets which are in the har- bour of Alexandria: There ig reason to believe that it v. - pares with the views of the Powers which signed the Convention of London, cot to give a new theatre to hos tilities at the present moment. Thev will content them selves with the demonstrations they have made in Syria, and this winter the war will be confined to that country. Ibrahim on his side cannot entertain the idea of march. ing to Constantinople ; the rigours of the season which is approaching. must hinder him from thinking of it. It will be sufficient for him to defend Syria, and in the in terior of that province to strengthen all his means of re sistance. It is thus that for several months the parties opposed to each other may remain in presence without doing much ; and during this kind of forced armistice diplomacy may intervene. There are strong reasons why the Powers should not wish to execute the decree of dispossession of Mehemet Ali. In case of the Viceroy's being dethroned, who is to take his place? Who could re press the anarchy that would arise in Egypt, and against which the nominal power of a Governor sent from Con stantinople wou!d form a very indequate barrier? Russia, too, will exercise with regard to Egypt the same veto against England that the latter Power has opposed to her with regard to Constantinople. England will affect to re spect Egypt, just as Russia will avoid showing too much haste wiJi regard to Constantinople. This momentary moderation, which the force of things imposes on these two Powers, may be taken advantage of to lay down a limit beyond which the maintenance of the peace of Europe would he impossible. This is what M. Tillers has just done in his reply to Lord Palmerston. In demanding the maintenance of Mehemet Ali in the possession of Egypt, the French Cabinet does not abandon any of the views and opinions which it has emitted on thet ensemble of the Eastern Question ; it makes no premature concessions concerning such or such a part of Syria ; it does not pronounce for the moment its opinion on these questions ; but it declares that, as for Egypt, it will see a cause of war in the execution of the dispcsession of Mehemet Ali. If Egypt is re spected, if the hostilities of the Powers do not go be yond the frontiers of Syria, France can continue to negotiate, while she will protest against the Tcaty of the Quadruple Alliance, and the commencement of execution which it has received. She can offer her me diation, and intervene so far as to obtain for Mehemet Ali more favourable conditions. But if the Powers should go to extremities, if the unjust dispossession pro nounced by the Divan were executed, France could not consider these violent attempts at dispossession as any thing else than a real case of war. It is true that hos tilities might not be denounced against herself direct, but would it not be to insult and wound her if the Viceroy, with whom France has been in relations of close friendship for ten years, were attacked in the heart of his power ? At the same time it cannot be too much observed that, if France were to decide upon giving Mehemet Ali positive assistance, she would not for that declare war against Europe. She has very evi dently the right of protecting the Pacha ; and the Four Powers, in signing the Convention of London, had not the pretension of chaining France, or of tak ing away from her the liberty of action. If France should next spring judge it apropos to lend the Viceroy the assistance no longer of her counsels only, but also of her ships and her soldiers, she would not be challeng ing any body, and it could only be said that she was de tending herself. If we are destined to make war, let us make a political war, and not a revolutionary one ; let us make a reasonable war, one worthy of the genius of our country and our civilisation, and not a war of savage propagandism. Some people think that by :cuing loose the declamatory madness of revolutionary phraseology, by calling the people to us, and by setting up the pretension of applying to their ignorance and their weakness the maxims and lessens of true liberty, we shall gain them to our side. This is an error a de plorable error. We should on the contrary disgust them. Propagandism is the most flagrant violation of outnan right. It is the exercise of violence, it is the abuse of strength, it is the Saturnalia of force. As for repeating, as some men arc ceaseleisly doing, that we Nish to extend our frontiers and to conquer the left hank of the Rhine, nothing can be more useless, nothing more dangerous. Foreign Governments know so weir cite effect produced by tl.ese mad explosions, that lately, at. Berlin, the Cabinet of Prussia had an article of one of our Radical papers (in which the possible conquest of the Rhenish provinces, which was called in it a Prus sian France, was broached) translated such distributed in all the cafes and public places, where it provoked the most violent irritation against us. Let us learn by skill and moderation not to throw Germany in spite of herself to the side of Russia." M. Rothschild has aduressed the following letter to the Constitutionne/, in consequence of some harsh ob servations made in that paper against his house : “ TO THE EDITOII OF THE CONSTITUTIONNEL. " I itiz, Oc'r. 12. " Mr. Elitor—ln spite of my repugnance to draw public attention on myself, I cannot do otherwise than reply to an article which appeared in your paper of this morning, in which my halm: is quoted in the strangest manner ; the nature of your attacks makes it a duty 'or me to break a silence to which I am generally inclined. " On the faith of a Paris correspondence in the Times, you designate me as having menaced the present Cabinet with a formidable opposition, shculd war take place. You add that I, an Austrian subject, and Consul-General of Austria, care little for what is re quired by the honour and interests of France.' In short, you terminate your article by this invitation : It these reports are false, we have given M. Rothschild the opportunity of contradicting them publicly, and of proving to the country that he has not the pretension of disposing of majorities and administrations.' " What contradiction would you have me give, Sir, to such a supposition? I cannot but feel astonished at seeing men occupied in serious pursuits ascribe such pretensions to me. " I have never, at any time, opposed the Govern ment, for the very simple reason that I never wished to play a political part. I am, as you say, a man of finance. If I desire peace, I desire an honourable one for France and for Europe, and in all circumstances men of finance have their portion of services to render to the country, and 1 bchevc that in that respect I have never been found wisisting. 11 France is not my coun try, it is the birth-place of my chldron ; I have inhabited it for thirty years, and have in it my family, my a ffi x . tions, and my interests. ‘' I do not doubt of your readiness to insert this answer in your paper of to-morrow. " I have the honour, Sir, to salute you with distin guished consideration. "BARON JAMES DE ROTHSCHILD." FOREIGNERS IN FRANCE. The equivocal position in which we are with respect to Europe has caused a sort of panic amongst the nume rous foreigners in France. Nothing but landaus, caleches, and post-chaises are seen taking, the road to the frontiers, several English families returning from Italy, having preferred passing through Germany to return to England. There is also much activity going on in the higher classes of the Russian society, which, it is reported, has been officially informed, through the organ of its embassy, that it must expect every minute to receive orders to leave France. That fear causes much uneasiness, it is said, to the Princess Bragation, who for more than twenty years has habituated herself' to the deuces of a Parisian life, and who is much alarmed at seeing the moment near at hand when she will be compelled to give up her box at the Italian Opera, and her donkey excursions in the Bois de 13oulogne. The salon of the Princess Bragation has taken too conspi cuous a part since the restoration in the history of the higher orders of Parisian society not to re- ceive from us an especial notice. Count Anatole de Demidoff is likewise much inconvenienced at this moment by the political position. He intended to pass the winter in Paris, and keep open house. He had ob tained permission of M. 'Tiers to bring his wife ; but all these projects are upset, arid the noble couple will be compelled to winter at Rome. The young Princess de Montfort is, it is said, au desespoir, for her reas.ms for marrying Count de Demidoff were on ac count of the promise which was made to her that she should re side in Paris. With respect to the lather of this young and beautiful Princess, the ex-King of Westph a lia, he gave his daughter t o C ount d e Demidoff, on the prom' ise of paying, when he s i gne d t h e contract, five millions of debts of his father-in-law. To finish with foreigners, let us cite what emanated from Lord Seymour, who has been in France for the last twenty years, and who, on the first rumours o f a war, h astened to make prepa rations for his departure. Somebody was surprised at this intemperate resolution :—" God preserve us from remaining in ranee with such a Minister as M. 'Fhiers, who has the monomania of mimicking Bonaparte. Who knows but the foolish whim of recommencing the de cree of 1803 might be resorted to, and we should be detained as pr i soners ? B ut as M. Thi e r s onlyimi tates Bonaparte in a small way, instead of sending us to Verdun, he would be capable of deipatching us to Uzerches or Bourganeuf."---Sanday's Causcrics in the Quotidianns. '0 11 0 0 60 AN ACCOUNT OF 'ME AUTHOR OF THE MARSEILLA [SE ipoiri. (From the Taller of Sept. 20, 1830.) M. 11 ,- ntot l'lsle, author of the w)rils and truis:c of this noble composition, was born at Lniis le S in the department of the Jura, M...y 10, 1760. He is now, therefore, in his seventieth year, enjoying a second spring of hope and glory. At the breaking out of the first. Revolution, M. de l'lsle was an officer of Engineers. He adopted the new opinions with fervour, and out of the heat of his pa triotism struck the Hymn before us, which is said to have added many thousands to the French armies. He was before known as a man of letters and a composer. In 1796 he had produced an ode to Hope (Hytnne a l'Esperance) and a small dramaic piece entitled " Ade laide and Monvil!e." From time to time he has sub sequently published other pieces, both in verse and prose. We have seen none of them but the Mar seillaise Hymn. It is seldom that a writer has the good fortune to be able to compose such fine music, and at the same time to have wrttten words not unworthy of it. This great song of liberty was no sooner heard, than it was heard everywhere. It was shouted in the streets ; it filled the theatres ; it was struck up where ever freedom was to be expressed, or tyrants daunted ; it was thundered forth by whole armies. A celebrated living poet saw the French army, after the battle of Hohenlinden, enter that town, singing the Marseilla , se Hymn, in one mighty and victorious body. What. ever it did for th.! nation, however, it did not save the author train the injustice of the Reign of Terror, He was thrown into prison, and only escaped with his life in consequence of the re-action against Robespierre. In the ensuing year (1795) he was in due favour with the National Convention, and accompanied Taliion in his mission to the West, in order to oppose the landing of the emigrants. On this occasion, M. de l'lFle fought as ardently as he had written, and received many wounds. On his return to Paris be probably found the Government in a state unsuitable to his opinions, for he neither received nor asked employ ment ; and under Napoleon he was constantly in dis favour. The Bourbons, of course, took no notice of him, except by their spies. It is delightful to see a man of genius thus faithful to the principles which in spired it. It is probable that for the last five-and-twenty years our author lived by his writings. The second Revolu tion was the day of good men. One of the first things mentioned of the new King of the French, was, that he had given a pension to M. Rouget de !Isle, author of the Hymn des Marseillaise. Perhaps he had as sisted him before ; that is to say, supposing M. de wanted assistance, or let him know as much. But men of his cast, however ungrudging to the beni ficence of those they love, are not likely to apply to strangers and Princes. The Marseilles Hymn is one of those genuine com positions, warm from the heart of a man of genius, which are calculated to please the highest of the scien tific, and those who know nothing of music but by the effect it has upon them. It. begins nobly, and conti nues noble throughout. Its emotions are varied ; the variation is justly made emphatical,—pressed upon us —because on such an occasion they would naturally be so by a speaker; and there is deep pathos, as well as the most exalted resolution. The rise upon the word Patrie is a most elevating note of preparation : this no sooner prepares us for war, than we are reminded of the affecting necessity for it, in the threats of the tyrants, followed by that touching passage respecting the tears and cries of our kindred ; and then comes another ex alting note, the call to arms. The beating of the drum succeeds. We fancy the hurried muster of the pa triots ; their arms are lifted, their swords unsheathed ; and then comes the march, a truly grand movement, which even on the pianoforte suggests the fulness of a band. In the pathetic part, the E flat on the world fits, and the whole strain on that passage, are particu larly affecting. The tears seem to come into the eyes of the heroes, as no doubt they have into thousands of them, and thousands of those that have heard the song ; but it must be played well ; and not be judged of by the performance of a new or a feeble hand. OCHEFORT, OCT. 10. Rochefort is too important a place not to require a separate and distinct letter. It is a large handsome, and strong maritime city, in the Department of the Charente Inferieure, with a Alaritime Prefecture, Tri bunals of Commerce, and of Premiere Instance, a school of hydrography of the second class, as well as a school of medicine. The population exceeds 17,000 souls. The city is situate at the extremity of a large plain, on the right bank of the Charente, about four leagues from the Atlantic. Rochefort is the third port militaire of France. There is twenty feet of water in the :harbour at low watermark, and more than forty at high tide. The largest vessels are afloat, whether in high or low water. There is also a mercantile harbour separated from the Port Militaire which is capable of receiving vessels from 800 to 900 tons. The Port Militaire of Rochefort is entered only by means or a carte d'entre. You enter by a very elegant gate eall.d the Porte du &diet, constructed in 1828, and the first remarkable object is a sawing -mill, capable of sawing the largest pieces of wood. The Atelier des tours a Metaux is also remarkable. Brass, iron, cop per, and wood, are here turned, polished, drilled, and modelled into a hundred forms, by one steam-engine, which gives life to twenty different operations. By one of these the joint of a block is made in two minutes with wonderful precision and exactness. Formerly this operation occupied a workman half a day. The Atelier de Sculpture, where the external orna ments of ships of war are chiselled out, is next visited. Formerly Rochefort was celebrated for colossal figures representing gods and heroes for the stems of ships, but now it has been discovered that these colossal masses not only injure the speed, but detract from the strength and solidity of the vessel. They are therefore made on a much smaller scale than heretofore. The modal-room adjoins the Atelier de Sculpture. Here are models of every machine and vessel in the dockyard, and among the rest a recently invented stopping machine, to be applied to steamers, the invention of MM. Pechameil and Legofr. The Bagne is but a step from the model-room. In or der to enter it you must obtain the permission of the Commissary of Galley Slaves (Commissaire des Chiou mes.) There arc now beds sufficient to receive 1,000 prisoners. Two pieces of artillery are planted at the entrance of the Bagne. They arc loaded with ease shot, and as the, forcats proceed to and return from their labour the cannoneers stand by these guns with lighted matches in hand, and all the guard is under arms. Here, as at Brest, the forcats tempt you with imploring looks to buy their little wares in cocoa wood, bone, ivory, and hair, and the humane traveller seldom hesi tates to select some small object. At the Bagne of Rochefort, as well as at the Bagne of Toulon, there arc too many forcats in each Salle, and the beds are also too close to each other. Here, how ever, is practised a system of rewards in reference to the slaves which is found to work with happy effect. These rewards consist in unchaining the slave for a time, in accoupling him with lighter irons, &c. There are also additional punishments, which consist in the deprivation of wine, the use of the garcet!e, &c. These punishments are inflicted for thefts, insub ordination, attempts at or making disguises to facilitate escape, &c. There is a marked diflerence between the forcats of L'Orient and the other galley-slaves, as at L'Orient none are condemned to the Bagne but soldiers for insubordination. Drunkenness is a prevailing vice at L'Orient, but theft is rare. Here, however, both theft and drunkenness prevail, as well as the more odious vice of informing against each other, which is unknown among the soldiers condemned to the travaux forces at L'Orient. I ought to state, to the credit of a gentleman with whom I was formerly acquainted—l mean M. Hyde de Neuville—that when Minister of Marine he materially ameliorated the condition of the forcats in the ports militaires. The Magazin-General contains everything necessary for the arming and provisioning ships-of-war. It is remarkably clean and well arranged. There is here, as at the Usine d' Indret, of which I sent you an account some days ago, a chanticr specially dedicated to the construction of steam-beats. Two are now on the stocks of 2:20 horse-power, and of the length of a 90 gun ship, and preparations are being made with great acti v ity to get on the stocks four additional ones of 440-horse power, which I beg to slate are not to be made of " past board." The Cilantier des Vaisseaux is well worthy of atten tion. There are now on the stocks the Ulm aild the Duguesclin of 90 and 100 guns, the three-decker the Louis XIV. and Oie City of Par;s of 120 guns, the Semiramis of 60 guns, and the Turenne of 100 guns. All of the:e vessels are in so forward a state as to he capable of being launched by the Ist of January, 1841. The grues de dechargeineut or cranes in this dock yard are of ilimense power. I saw one of them raise 60 barrels of win‘!, the weight of which was estimated at 80,000 lb. Four men only were engaged in this operation The cot•derie is two storks high and 250 toiscs long, and cables are here made of 200 toiics Rochefort has a repute in cable and ropewaking un equalled in France. The Marc aux Ancres is exceeding] y well disposed. The anchors are symmetrically arranged according to their weight. The largest weigh 5,500 kilogrammes. In the Marc d'Artiderie are about 1,800 cannons, car ronades, and osuses. Some of these weigh as much as 4,000 kilogrammes. Bullets, balls, bombs, and the shot arc here also ranged in regular order. The Magasin des Subsistances is an immense build ing, in which are manufactured and stored all the provi sions necessary for the use of the marine in this port. The navy biscuits, which were formerly kneaded with the feet, arc now made without even the assistance of the hand. A large circular kneading trough receives the flour from an upper story, when a spigot from be low gives as much warm water as is necessary ; the dough is then kneaded, mixed, and receives its form by the aid of machinery, which not only fashions the biscuit i into an oval form, but transfers it alternately to the y vet mal r t . 11 ' PA v - 14-- t • • _ _ _ •Insidog • and 1) 4, 11i0 ov , n. Fochefort is allowed a supert, , rity over di• the other ry,rts of I. in the N tire of hi cult. IL , ,re ilLt ivity in the ion-01es then in nni duparnier.t of the port of Rnehtfort. Itrinv.use ut Athicry, and which certainly justiti•ts die apl,ll,tion of gt'andiwe, which my pt-nton, f,r guide.. be,towed on it, is in course of construction with a view to tht fabrica tion of steam-engines for vessels of war under the direo tion of M. Hubert. The object is, and it is o penly avowed, to render France wholly independent of EoP land in this particular. The Naval Hospital attached to Rochefort seems to be admirably conducted. There are beds for 1,200 patients ; and this is not too much when the unhealtby nature of the locality is taken into account. M. Rollet, the Director des Vivres at this port. has been suddenly called to Paris by the M inister of Ma rine, in order to confer with his superior on the best mode of provisioning the fleet in a short time. On the whole, however, this is the third port militatre of France, Brest and Toulon standing in the first and second ranks. For the rest this place has little comme rce ; the P, he "" cipai trade is in corn, wines, salt. brandie s, &C. shipbuilders of the mercantile port have sonic renown. They send out very smart and " trim-built" vessels for, the coasting tra•le and cod fishery. The ,houlde r o mutton sail is very prevalent, more especiaky in t he sm ‘ll vessels which fish for sardioes.—Correspondelle of the Times. • NAVAL INTELLIGENCE ' . 3. `* --- 41 tew Lie N u V t o en o a r. n w t ic c t o t, m o m cj id . r 14 .1 1 —. T p h . e pir‘itvcoinimis,teasni, li vessel , : igi'i 4 Woolwich to-morr ow for Falmouth. Portsmouth, Plymouthl,l":l-:-$0(111.1/1.!1 The Salamander steam-ship Commander Hastings 0.5.01. ,47 .- ? ,„ ? Reginald Henry, is expected to arrive at Woolwich 05,'.„,,,,,0 Friday, from Portsmouth. The Fearless steam-vessel, Mr. Brehaut m aster, iniS:Ag y ri Woolwich between twelve and one o'clock to-day, with 11 schooner in tow, loaded with ordnance stores for th°. girr Howe, 120 guns, Captain NV. 0. Pell, under orders to ~ t l proceed immediately to the Mediterranean, 1 , 13 , 41 ; : jr ' r brought v,,as on s p e l l a l y o e o d n , e s r h w e a: ,a a s h o ir n e ly d one, and to show the activity a ' s ; Arsenal last night, and barrels of ball cartridges, containing"assoo rounds each, and 250 boxes of arms, Containing2o . in each, ma k t ,,, ing ipnosaellocsb,eoionog. distributed muskets, hilielrong.sideto.odfaythweithßoLse: England, as the British troops take their own wins viiii teu••"''! them. I have reason to believe this is only "t'oiththebaSYylents; ofr6rthetha?liePl7°f IV .. -; • q •-, the bucket compared with the quantity whichaitdirs°Panit!li- ,;'l4, -Itio .4 cipated will be required. The Locust steam-vessel is ordered to be nna ir t Pi is "!..;' - 7', sioned at Woolwich, and the following ha ve been - .. 1 9 ! 1. o , '. 4 pointed to h.r :—Lieutenant John Lunn ; secn r. Master, Mr. W. C. Tripbook ; Clerk in Charge, M R. C. Crispin. ,4;:it .Her Majesty has been graciously' p l eas ed, by her . ,-,--," Order in Council, to establish the following reguistio! , , „4 ,- i in respect to the promotion of flag officers : 'Ns ' ' t ll43 ` . Ist. That so much of the Order in Council of' 30th of June, 1827, as relates to the promo tion of co- • twins to e flag-officer be rescindd. 2. Tha b t in all fl s ag promotions e every Captain yvh°l6, seniority brings him in turn for advancement shal l d placed on the list of flag officers, provided he has or offered to serve, as Captain, and shall not have u', dined service at any time when called upon, a nd thal there be nothing against his character as an office... l ' 3n s a gentleman ; but that the half-pay of those flag of fi ce rs who have not commanded one or more of her MaJe st Y rated ships four complete veers during war, or six corn; plete years during peace, or five complete y ears of P hat and war combined, shall not be increased beyond of Roar-Admiral, unless they shall have re ndered , . 11 : fla officers, sea service of eual length to comp g q lete th, pr rind above-mentioned of which they were deficient Captains. i n clude 3. That in any future promotion which would a Captain of Greenwich Hospital, such Captain maYt if he prefer it, be placed on a retired list of Captains. 4. That those Captains who are not c onsidered of ell, Bible to be promoted shall be removed fr om the list officers of the Royal Navy, and receive a civil pension eval to their halt-pay ; and that their wido ws shall be considered eligible to pensions as Captains' widows , ae' cording to such regulations as are now in force, or 0 10 hereafter be blished. Her Majesty esta has been pleased to command that Mates in the Royal Navy shall wear the same uniforol and eppointments as Lieutenants, but without the c 141 1: lette and strap, or gold lace on the trous ers ; the Ise on the coat to be three-quarters of an inch wide. that The undress uniform of Mates is to be the same as q of Lieutenants, without the epaulette and strap- EAST INDIES.—A considerable number Of ni of eight and ten inches bore, have been recentlY rr moved from the Royal Arsenal in barges, to be put .°ll board the Company's vessels in the docks, for conve/ i mice to Bengal. Sixteen were removed to-day , an • there have been four previous shipments. (From the Brighton Gazette.) PI. CtI9II.TSMOUTII, OCT. 14.—The Britannia, 120, A Drake, bearing the Hag (red at the naizen) of Rear -+" miral Sir John Ommanney, K.C.8., went out of tb C .jo`t~ harbour to Spithead, on Monday, her lower deck guns, and complete, where she will ems' it° her , satrorebs,eifoogr owe. , every dispatch is being used. The Indus, 84, and Vengeance dited at this port for immedi a t e commission, e And Clarence, 84, at Plymouth. The Howe, 120, Captain Sir Watkin Pell, is at SP i o , fr head from Sheerness, and is daily completing her cr e w and and stores. She will proceed to the Mcditerrancie -1 soon as ready. The Queen, 110, Captain J. W. Montague. p rePn i r ti ing for Admiral Sir Edward COdrington's 04' w t shortly go to the moorings vacated by the Britannia, a Port- Adm NViral's 111,g-ship. The arspite, .50, razee, is to be commissioned shortly, it is supposed fir the South American station' to reliev the Stag, 46, period expired. The l e ncons tant, 36, Captain Pring, is daily expected at Spithead from Plymouth, to await o rders. „ far Volunteer seamen are brought to this por t t a " ) " ) ° the ships fitting out. The / Etna is gone to PIY-ro and Liverpool, collect more, and tenders are Sets" the Irish and Scotch ports for the same pur pose. it , The Belvidera, 42, it i s ex pected, will be Carnre-ro sioned shortly to proceed t o th e West Indie s to re the Scringapatam, 42, at the Leeward Islands. nr The steam-frigate Salamander, , e Commander Be i rs will proceed i m m e diat e ly fo r Malta, to join Sir geu Stoptord's fleet. The Blazer, steam-vessel, is commissioned at Ni: 3 ° te ni r : wich, by Li e ut. J o h n Steane, late of the Sllecr° for service in the West Indies. ' C Rear-Admiral the lion. D. P. Bouveric, k' be has returned from leave, and resumed tho dutiet of dockyard. ailed Rear-Admi ra l Sir Ed w ard King, K.C.80 ",' 5 g to re from Plymouth S o und i n the South am pton, do lieve Rear-Ad m i ra l R oss , CM., commanding on South American station. The new steam e r Avon, Lieut. Pritc hard, from Woolwich to the Falmouth statio n. AT SPlTlLEAD.—Britanuia and Howe, 120 gun IN II yach t,ARBOUR Sala Q m .—ueen, ander, Vand rlent, Ito : a George E cho ste amers , II Flag Tenders. is ordered --- 1.4.-• ROYAL ARTILLERY.— WOOLWICiL OCT• . Orders have been received at head-quarters to form; company t of sixty men of those who are willing Sriv,ed to Syria or by drafts, for immediate service, and to fs cl ; er who recently direct. Major Colquhoun, the gaili nt °; te d to theecently returned from Spain, has been Appointed of L command of this company, with the breve t. r ' i t o ieutenant-Colonel, Several of the gun ners 4 CI drivers who served with him in Spain have 0 10 3 Y offered their services on this occasion. First•L'eu,the; nant Rosa, son of the Colonel-Commandat of r . a i, .-',' garrson, Sir H. D. Ross, Deputy Adjutant-Gelle' ill will in te company, and is epd the w hole W. I. leave o Woo h lwich on Monday it next, and proceed bY r ill way to Southampton, for a passage to the Niediterraneall. Th e DEATH OF LADY MARY BUTLER.--- I' . i ° Ormonde family have been p lun g ed into the deep' 5g by the premature demise of the above-mentioned Y t o, lady, which took place on Saturday last, at SoutharoPhter after a short illness. The deceased was oun'iest da ",;cle of the lf.e and sister of the present Marquis 01 Orl"-ka; and had only just completed her 1 7thyear. • %Vhat 1 , 5 , a d i her Ladyship's death more melancholy, her sister, mr, lot , to ~•,_ Louisa, was only married the we. k before Fot tcscue, M. P. In addition to the Dowager M of Ormonde, a numerous circle of relatives will be P ia° . in mourning. ill Majot-General Sir George Arthur, caF,ts,, H.dkett, of the Coldstream Guards, and Lieutenant 11° i ville, of the 85th Light Infantry, on the staff in Lippe Canada, have been recalled by the Comniander.in. • 1 . 7 from that duty, as the establishment is not to be kept I f: The lion. Richard Charteris, soil of Lord '. eio, tu;cl grr.ndson of tle Earl of Wemyss, has entered 1: archiolleogi army as second-lieutenant in the Rifle Brigade, command by Unload Brcovn. DR EA DFUL OCC UR It E NCE.—Ttlestiay eveni.c.' beLwotti the hours of five and six o'clock, the dreadful e m..rrelicc took place in the %lile-enti-roachit) opposite the Land-n Hospital, by which a man wag kille on the sin t. About lie time named a heavily laden war( gon bekoginu to Messrs. Nlure and Co the distilleri. 0 Three Mills, ' Westilam, Essex, was itar,di'nw out,ide of the he r N...150n public-house, n the London of the driver and soother man havio gone down to get g'lme thing to drink, and on their coming g out they mounted OW waggon and had proceeded two or three yards when a cry police con was raised that a Mall was under the w hei'ls . stable Waters, 343 K, immediately ran to the spot a follow!' gt found a man lifeless in the road. The driver of the wage, ll ., and the man in his company were taken into custody, ti 'I bring in a state of intoxication, and were was 0 t . " lit vo station •house. The policeman, Waters, was most P°'. that he saw the deceased, just as the waggon was slar l " 4 l throw himself down between the off wheels, with his be'!" • against one of them, and the wheels passed completely over hiF, head, literally crushing it to atoms Toe decease d is at present unknown. He was dressed as a labourer and appears about forty-five. ~.' jrtl