The Sun. — London, England, 1847-02-15 00:00:00

THE NEW PRUSSIAN STATES GENERAL. We subjoin from the Prussian State Gazette of the sth en tfficial and authentic Hit of the members of whom the new " United Diet" will consist, and the number of Totes allowed to each. It is as follows L—IN THE STATE OF THE PRINCEs, COUNTS, AND LORDS. No. of Votes. 1. The Princes of the Royal Family who hare attained their majority, now 10 in number ... 10 2. Those entitled to a virile, curial, and collective vote in the state of the Nobles. These are, at present : A.—ln the province of Prussia : a. The Counts of Dohna•Schlobitten, Dohna- Schlodien, Dohna-Lauck, and Dohna Rei chertswalde, as possessors of the fiefs forming the county of Dohna ..... 4 6. The Count of Kaiserling by right of the county of Raut en b urg B.—ln the province of Brandenburg:— a. The Chapter of Brandenburg 6 . The Count of Solms-Barath by right of the barony (herrschaft) of Barath C. The Count of Solcus-Sonnenwalde, by tight of the barony Sonnenwalde 1 d. The Count of Hardenberg, by right of Neuhar dent erg e. The Count of Arnim, by right of Boytzenburg 1 1. The Count of Lynar, by right of the seigniory Lu'bbenau Y. The Prince of Lynar, by right of the seigniory , of Dr e b na 1 1 4 The Count of Ilouwald, by right of the seig niory of Straupitz 1 The Count of Schulenburg, by right of the seig • niory of Lieberose 4 . The Count of Briihl, by right of the seigniory , of Forst and Pfii rten • The Prince Carolath, by right of the seigniory of Amtitz C.—ln the province of Pomerania : a. The Prince of Putbus, by right of the county of Putbus v.—ln the province of Silesia:— a. The Duke of Brunswick-Oels, by right of Oels 1 6 . The Prince of Lichtenstein, by right of Troppau and Jigerndorf 1 C. The Duchess of Sagan, by right of Sagan d. The Prince of Hatzfeld, by right of Tracken ber 1 g e. The Prince of- Sehoneck-Carolath, by right of Carolath I The Duke of Ratibor, by right of Ratibor g. The Duke of Anbalt Cbthen, by right of Pless 1 h. The Count Henckel of Donnersmarck, by right of Ober-Benthen i. The Prince Biron of Courland, by right of War- Wartenberg lc. The Count of Maltzahn, by right of Militsch 1 1. The Count of Reichenbach, by right of Goschiitz 1 m. The Prince Frederick of the Netherlands, by right of Muskau a. The Count of Schaffgotsch, by right of Kienast 1 o. The Count of Hochberg, by right of Fiirstenstein 1 p. The Duke of Wiirtemberg, by right of Carlsruhe 1 Q. The Prince of Hohenlohe, by right of Koschentin 1 c. The Count of 6tolberg Wernigerode, by right of Peterswaldau 1. The Prince of Lichnowski, by right of Kuchelna 1 I. The Count of Sandreczki, by right of Langen- bilau it. The Count of Oppersdorf, by right of Ober- Glogau 0. The Count of Althan, by right of Mittlewolde 1 10 . The Count of Herberstein, by right of Greife fort z. The Count York of Wartenbtirg, by right of Klein-Oels 1 Y. The Count of I)yhrn, by right of Reesowitz 1 Z. The Count of Burghaus, by right of Laasan E.—ln the province of Posen : a. The Prince of Thurn and Taxis, by right of , Krotoschin.... .... 0 . The Prince of Sulkowski, by right of Reisen c. The Prince Radziwill, by right of Przygadzice 1 (I. The Count Raczynski F.—ln the province of Saxony : a. The Chapter of Merseburg 1 6 . The Chapter of Naumberg , 1 c. The Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode .... 1 d. The Count of Stolberg-Stolberg 1 c. The Count of Stolberg.Rossla ic: The Duke of Dessau, by right of the seigniory of Walterneinburg 9. The Count of Asseburg, by right of Meisdorf 1 G.—ln the province of Westphalia : a. The Duke of Arenberg a. The Prince of Salm-Salm .... c. The Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (I. The Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Wittgeu stein e.r r. The Prince of Bentheim-Zecklenburg - Rheda 1 " The Prince of Bentheim-Steinfurt ii. The Prince of Salm-Horstmar le. The Duke of Loox 17 . The Duke of Croy A. The B aron V on St e i n (now his heirs) I. The Count of Westphalia / 1 1. The Count of Lansberg-Gehmen 1 1 1.—In the Rhenish province : a. The Prince of Solms-Braunsels 1 4. The Prince of Solms -Hohensolms-Lich 1 c. The Prince of Wied 1 d. The Prince of Hatzfeld e. The Prince of Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyk I Total .. SO 11.-.—IN THE STATE OF THE KNIGHTS (RITTERSTAND). A. Deputies f rom th e prov i nce of Pruss i a Votes 45 B • ff ~ ff Brandenburg . 31 C. ff If ~ Pomerania .... .... 24 D. If 31 I, Silesia 35 B. If II If Posen 22 P. t• I t ft Saxony G. If I f f f Westphalia 2 If ~ ff Rhine 25 Total M.....-IN THE STATE OF THE CITIES. s e. A. Deputi es f rom th e prov i nce of Prussia Vot 28 B. It 9 9 99 Brandanburgh 23 DMt ft 1, Pomerania l6 D. „ 90 ff Silesia E. f 0 If 90 Posen l6 F. ~ ft Saxony ft Westphalia G. 99 1 t H. „ in, ~ Rhine 25 - . Total 182 1V...4K THE STATE OF THE RURAL COMMUNES (LANDGEMEINDEN). Votes. A. Deputies from the province of Prussia a. 91 /1 ft If Brandenburg „ l2 C. Pomerana 91 If ff ft i ••• 8 .D. Silesia .. 16 ft If ft " ,t • ••• E. Posen ... It *, t, F. ~, ft It " II Saxony ••• 13 G 19 lf Westphalia a ft PP 11 ft It Rhine ... Total ••• "• ••• ••• ... 124 Gross total number of votes ... 617. THE PRUSSIAN CONSTITUTION (From the Examiner.) The Ring of Prussia, has sent forth an edict, ordaining that the members of the provincial states or parliaments of his kingdom shall meet in Berlin, and form a national assembly. The management of the public debt is to be under the control and guarantee of this assembly. Nor is any new loan or tax, except custom ditties, to be levied without its sanction. The Prussian State Gazette publishes at the same time with this an official commentary, which begs people not to be so foolish as to consider this a constitution. Ilia Prussian Majesty, says the Gazette, sees how rickety and absurd is the working and the results of the present representative system in France. England, Spain, and Gr eece, and will not fling Prussia into the same predica anent. Will iam when the D iplomatists are a littl e as tonished that Frederic sho uld dtieespe have taken this resolution at a time principle and the governments con stituted upon it are all powerful ; and when the quarrels of France and England neutralise their authority and strength even in negotiations. Prussia thus remains ex posed to Russia and Austria, and dares not brave and affront the anger of both openly. Russia has already and very lately shown her power, by insisting on the destruction e of the republic of Cracow. Austria was etto Ministers accept, and or Prussia Prussia t o d to ebee l l e a r r a e t d e , tthee the ec SilesianT w o t & r bTn d deputation that they had not Ring consulted. This flung all the unpopularity on theehis subjects, e s e n t d s he an 1 , 1 a ats now both redeemed the fault with sam e time practised some kind of retaliation upon the Bussie, by giving a constitution. It is the veritable germ of a constitution. But Prussia is obliged, in giving It, to ask pardon of the Courts of St. Petersburg and Vienna, and present its own act as of no popular or pa ramount importance. The concession, however, is of this importance, that it satisfies, for a time at least , the progressive party amongst Prussian politicians. The political world in Prus s ia is peculiar, and consists in a great measure of functionaries. These men have acquired liberal ideas, not because they the people and breathe the because enlighten mentspring from but atmosphere of the democracy, .them how intrinsically and experience has taught weak a despotic government is, especially in any great i crisis of war or famine. Moreover , th e power of despotic Prussia must remain limited to Prussia , and also be e nfi rm in its ext reme p rov in c es, especially in Posen andthe Rhine, where the population is Liberal and Catholic, with More affinities for their neighbours beyond the n Prussian frontier than for Berlin or its administration. To be tr uly master even of Prussia, and certainly to extent! . a way and influence over Germany, the King of Prussia must put himself at the head of the con stitutional party in that empire, and keep himself at the head of it. It is little matter whether this proceeds from the calculations of interest, or the impulse of Li beralism, as long as it is the case. And the King of Prussia is impelled to take this course, not by any de mocratic cry, by any public or civic opinion, stiong as may be the latter, but by the counsels and views of his S hnisters and functionaries, or of the more enlightened of them. There are Whigs at Berlin in the Council of State, as there may be Radicals at Cologee or Ko nigsberg. The constitution of the provincial states of Prussia is well known, and is to be found in a decree promulgated the Ist of July, 1823, and published in all the conti 4eutal political annuals. These estates do not enjoy publicity of debate, nor can the journals divulge any.of their act., until the civic of their hatourp, when the re- ;kin cap, :ontinued are worn received are trans officer of be der rmy with ded than . Charles been ap- Canada, Id Hope, veteran, )alth and en miles, for exer e to sick until the to be laid e that for tfantry to Zoyal Ar q. service, F the first, the same ceiving 11 d to their e, we be rge under APTA]N 847) had the oceedings the 10th ) the 21st 1111C8 Bulls he under• disclF• 1846, pa non's Bay. Regiment. nd place, ead-quar t Sweeten apt. Stan- board the command wing regi• captain of ,ly, and at calling st ijor Shad- 'lly, after tin of the ress orders his cora cer was to rth's, per" swing de- dared the with what a that he, s guilty of of the five he charge e Articles all, of the nce, pro' miduct of at remark r winced rave and 1 of firm- Bllppr ne se oc f the 9th tain Bull, ffences of mend hi' Gracious has re in he hall the find owever, of id of that to extend covenant sc i on , spa [sly edrao• ;reneral. ttt Burton pointinent the Duke Viscount , — AI7. E - • Sour, Mr. lon. the his Par nu, Lord lon. Ed the Hon. Sir T. E. Hall, Sir ew Leith Vise, Mr. Mr. Tancred, iVe are her Me -1 the Bth Oe cough d. The •ecording her pa ;iris, sis s county, the taste gs, were who was don dis for the iblisheg ew days to hard )roperty :onier capital, lebth to fed that dilators suit, in the shape of recommendation to the Crown, is made known by the Marshal or President of the Diet. The Ministers, however, who saw the necessity of granting the present constitution, will see the necessity of making use of the press in working it. For what is now done will not only prove useless, but turn to poison, unless the administratisn be carried on in accordance with it. What a change does this at once make in the politics of Europe! How much must our fears of French pre dominance be allayed by seeing Prussia start up as a German and a constitutional power! }low much must our alarm at Russian encroachment be diminished at seeing the Prussian monarch, for the first time, admit the assembled representatives of the people to his Court and councils, knowing, as all do, how universal is the hatred and fear of Russia in every German heart I How much are British anxieties for the balance of power re moved at seeing its true, and great, and national arbiter, Germany, swelling to its true dimensions, and taking the place that the wishes of all liberal men long since assigned it. We cannot but rejoice that English peers and com moners have held their tongues on foreign policy this session. M. Guizot, M. Thiers, M. Berryer, and the mag nates of the French Parliament, have all and each uttered long speeches. Every one of them is knocked on the head by this act of his Prussian Majesty. M. Guizot and M. Thiers united in representing the despotic East as ready to coalesce in order to dictate to France; whilst England was to join them in the new coalition. The words had been scarcely uttered, when Prussia breaks avowedly with these despotic Courts and their policy; and professes to rival France, not as the auxiliary of despotic, but the representative of liberal ideas. French statesmen and Ministers are thus shown to be as ignorant of German politics as of English. England and Europe may indeed unite against France in the matter of the Spanish marriages, but it will be an union of opinion, of reproval, and of peace. War is not required to punish the French Court for its un worthy acts. Spain alone will suffice to punish Louis Philippe; and the reproving countenance of Europe will teach him that neither international rights, nor the solemn promises of Sovereigns, are to be broken with impunity. Besides these passages there are a multitude of sketches of the principal actors in the military scenes of the time. In one page, of Fouche walking with his wife in the Champs Elyse©` • muffled up in a plain brown roeolo," in another of a very different person, M. de Chateaubriand, who is de scribed as " by no means tall, and is rather thickset ; but his features are good, his countenance is very fine, and his eyes are beautiful, alike from colour, shape, and expression ; while there is a striking benevolence in his look, tone of voice, and manner." With these remi niscences of a marvellous generation the present work is crowded. It constitutes an agreeable embellishment to the more sober history of the period ; and for the accumulation and classification of these literary frag ments we feel indebted to author, editor, and publisher in their relative proportions. THE SON, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, I notice, was the array of the aides-de-camp of Bona- 7 parte, which was so almost furiously striking, that all other vestments, even the most gaudy, appeared sud denly under a gloomy cloud when contrasted with its brightness." • " The Prince of Orange then passed us to enter the audience chamber, with a look so serious, an air so de pressed, that I have not been at all surprised to hear he was that very night taken very ill. " The last object for whom the way was cleared was the Second Consul, Cambaceres, who advanced with a stately and solemn pace, slow, regular, and consequen tial, dressed richly in scarlet and gold, and never look ing to the right or left, but wearing a mien of fixed gravity and importance. He had several persons in his suite who, I think, but am not sure, were Ministers of State." "At length the two human hedges were finally formed, the door of the audience chamber was thrown wide open vdth a commanding crash, and a vivacious officer—sentinel—or I know not what, nimbly descended the three steps into our apartment, and placing himself at the side of the door. with one hand spread as high as possible above Ida head, and the other extended horizon tally, called out iu a loud and authoritative voice, Le Premier Consul " You will easily believe nothing more was necessary to obtain attention ; not a soul either spoke or stirred as he and his suite passed along, which was so quickly that, had I not been placed so near the door, and had not all about me facilitated my standing foremo.t, and being least crowd-obstructed, I could hardly have seen him. As it was I had a view so near, though so brief, of his face, as to be very muse struck by it. It is of a deeply impressive cast, pale even to sallowness, while not only in the eye, but in every feature, care, thought, melancholy, and meditation are strongly marked, with so much of character, nay, genius, and so penetrating a seriousness, or rather sadness, as powerfully to sink into an observer's mind. "Yet, though the busts and medallions I have seen are, in general, such good resemblances that I think I should have known him untold, hi has by no means the look to be expected from Bonaparte, but rather that of a profoundly studious and contemplative man, who ' o'er books consumes' not only the midnight oil,' but his own daily strength, ' and wastes the puny body to decay' by abstruse speculation and theoretic plans or rather visions, ingenious but not prac ticable. But the look of the commander who heads his own army, who fights his own battles, who con quers every difficulty by personal exertion, who exe cutes all he plans, who performs even all he suggests, whose ambition is of the most enterprising, and whose bravery is of the most daring cast ;—this, which is the look to be expected from his situation, and the exploits which have led to it, the spectator watches for in vain. The plainness also of his dress, so conspicuously con trasted by the finery of all around him, conspires for cibly with his countenance, so ' sicklied o'er with the pale hue of thought,' to give him far more the air of a student than a warrior." • a • "The review I shall attempt no description of. I have no knowledge of the subject, and no fondness for its object. It was far more superb than anything I had ever beheld ; but while all the pomp and circumstance of war animated others, it only saddened me ; and all of past reflection, all of future dread, made the whole grandeur of the martial scene ~ and all the delusive seduction of martial music, fill my eyes frequently with tears, but not regale my poor muscles with one single smile. " Bonaparte, mounting a beautiful and spirited white horse, closely encircled by his glittering aides-de camp, and accompanied by his generals, rode round the ranks, holding his bridle indifferently in either hand, and seem ing utterly careless of the prancing, rearing, and other freaks of his horse, insomuch as to strike some who were near me with a notion of his being a bad horseman. I am the last to be a judge upon this subject ; but, as a remarker, he only appeared to me a man who knew so well he could manage the animal when he pleased, that he did not deem it worth his while to keep constantly in order what be knew, if urged or provoked, he could sub due In s moment. 4 ' Precisely opposite to the window at which I was placed, the Chief Consul stationed himself after making his round ; and thence he presented some swords of honour, inpreading out one arm with an air and mien which changed his look from that of ache. lastic severity to one that was highly military and commanding. " Just as the consular band, with their brazen drums as well as trumpets, marched facing the First Consul, the sun broke suddenly out from the clouds which had obscured it all the morning; and the effect was so abrupt and so dazzling that I could not help observing it to my friend." WRECK OF HER MAJESTY'S STEAM-SLOOP SPHYNX. THE COURT-MARTIAL. Poirramourn, FRIDAY.—A court-martial, comprising Rea- Admiral Hyde Parker, C. 8., President; Captain Pasco, of the Victory ; Captain Chads, C. 8., of the Excellent; Cap tain Henderson, C. 8., of the Sidon ; Captain Kingcome, of the Belleisle ; Captain Milne, of the St. Vincent; and Mr. George L. Greetham, Deputy Judge-Advocate of the Fleet, assembled this morning at 9 o'clock, on board the flag-ship St. Vincent, to try Commander John Bettinson Cragg, and the other officers and ship's company who formed the crew of her Majesty's steam-vessel Sphynx when she ran ashore, upon the following charge : " For that you and each officers and ship's company as aforesaid, on the 16th of January, 1847, all of them being at that time in actual ser v i ce an d full pay of her Majesty's fleet, did, through negligence, run upon the shore in Brix stone Bay, at the back of the Isle of Wight, her Majesty's steam-sloop Sphynx." All the officers and ship's company having been called into court, and the charge having been read over in their pre senCe, all, except Commander Cragg and the Master, Mr. Wallis, were ordered to withdraw. Commander Cragg then applied for permission to have his " friend" to assist him, which was immediately granted, when Mr. James Hoskins, solicitor (late mayor of Ports mouth), took his scat behind him. The trial then commenced by the log-book being put in and identified as the ship's book by Commander Cragg, who deposed that the entries in it relating to the 16th of January last were correct. At seven o'clock P.I. on the 15th, he said, the Start Light north and by west seven cr eight miles, I was on the paddle-box. when the master proposed that we should shape our course up channel. I inquired what the course was; he replied east and by south. 1 inquired if that was from point to point or from the present position of the ship. The master replied, from point to point, and that east and by south would carry us the same distance without St. Catharine's as we were off the Start. I consented to the course being shaped east by standard compass, the deviation being one point eastward, and directed that she should not go inside her course. At this time it rained—sometimes thick—wind from east. I had some conversation It ith the master about reducing the steam ; l,e thought we had better make the Portland Lights first. 1 went below to ascertain if the course pointed out by the master was correct, and compared the standard compass with the steering compass, which had been pre viously done by the master when he shaped the course. At eight o'clock I received a report from the chief engineer, and ascertained the number of revolutions we were making. I cannot state now what number he said, but I replied I don't want to go so fast—l don't want to go into port to-night. He said, or I directed—l don't know which—that the ex pansive gear should be put on another step of the cam (the 3d), and a fire lighted, so as not to have so much coal on, which was done. I then remained on the bridge or paddle box until the Portland Lights were seen, at 10 o'clock, on the port bow ; at 12 we were abreast of Portland Lights, bearing north four or five leagues. I sent for the master shortly after, and said I wished the speed of the vessel to be reduced, I lieve I said to half-speed ;he said, " Yes, sir," and I then said" I will go on deck and order it." Pie re plied, " Let me go, air, I'm going on deck," and he went. I think he reported to me it was done. I spoke to him then about his (the master's) knowledge.of the Channel in going through St. Catharine's or the Needles, as we could when the day broke take the passage which most favourably presented itself. The master said he had a thorough knowledge of the Channel, particularly around the Isle of Wight, hav ing been brought up in it all his life. I was on deck all night. When below I was sitting in a chair, and on two occasions I heard the order reported. I ran on deck and observed we were passing vessels showing lights. The officer of the watch (Lieutenant Marryat), who was en the port paddle-box, called out, " How's her head ?" The quarter.. master answered S.S.E. and S.E.; the coarse was conse quently kept. I remained on the quarter-deck, looking out, until after three o'clock, when I went below and desired the quartermaster to call me at four. I was called, and the quartermaster stated, in answer to my questions, that there were no lights in sight except vessels' lights, and the wea ther was the same as when I went off. I told him to call me at five. I was called at five by Mr. Sullivan. I asked him if there were any lights in sight. He said, "No, sir; the master's on the paddle-box, and has sent a man up to the mast-head to look out for the lights." I asked him if the patent log had been hauled in. He said, " No." I directed him (Mr. Sullivan) to go immediately and do it, and let me know the result. He reported eighty-four miles on the patent log. I said, "Tell the master to go as slew as pos sible, and keep her off; he knows we don't want to go in to-night." I went on deck at five o'clock, and when I got on the quarter-deck, or top of the ladder, I cannot say which, the ship struck. I suppose that was about twenty minutes after five. I got on the paddle-box as fast as I could, when I heard the master order the ship to " go astern." She moved astern for some time, but finding she was fast, and the sea breaking heavily over the vessel, I directed the engines to be stopped, and the water to be started overboard and the masts cut down. As soon as the is ater smoothed, we got our boat and an anchor out. When off the Start, and the course was shaped, I directed the patent log to be set and put overboard. The master said "I've set it, and put it overboard myself, sir. PRESIDENT—YOU say the Portland Lights at 12 o'clock were bearing north four or five leagues. Was the course altered at that time 2—No. Who set the Portland Lights 2—The gunner, the officer of the watch. I looked at them afterwards myself. Was the wind blowing fresh and right ahead, and was there much head sea?—The wind was ahead; it was not blowing fresh ; there was no head sea. What was the weather at 12 o'clock ?—lt rained, as it had done most of the night, Was that course (east) steered intended to take the Sphynx in or outside of St. Catharine's?—Outside, decidedly. The ship was to the south of that course all night. Was any means taken between 12 and 4 o'clock to deter mine the Sphynx's rate of going?—The ordinary log was hove every hour. And what was her rate of going?—Ten knots by the ordi nary log in the first watch. When you went on deck at three o'clock, as you have stated, was the weather then thick ?—No ; you could see a long way off. The Portland Lights were seen until near two o'clock. Who informed you the weather was the same when you were called ?—Vincent. the quartermaster. Did he, at the same time, tell you her rate of going ? —No. When you settled the course you stated for the master to steer by standard compass did you lay down that course when it chart with the master ?—I was en the paddle-box when it was settled, but I went below and looked at the Channel Directory, and found that the course from the Start to St. Catharine's was E. and by S. 92 miles, as the master had stated. The standard compass was always to the south ward of east. The ship was so frequently kept to the south ward, that I had no apprehensions, but fully expected, from the state of the weather, to see the lights of the Isle of Wight. When you were called at four o'clock did you inquire what distance the Sphynx had gone 2—No. As you stated that the Directory told you 92 miles from the Start to St. Catharine's, you surely must have been sur prised at not seeing the St. Catharine's Lights , when there was more than that distance run on the log at four o' 1 r —The ordinary log always keeps a greater speed thanee_ehee. t vessel is going by one mile or more in nine in pa ddle-wh I steamers. You have stated that you could see some dis tance, and that it was fair during the night. Was it reported to t r e % d ! that the weather was changed during the night ? You s sta te d in your letter to the Commander-in-Chief (Sir C. O g le)! tt t the weather was thick ?—I said in the letter that the weather was thick when we went on shore. Was it to your knowledge that the vessel was going ten knots, or more, until she struck ?—I consider that the htvvessel was never going ten knots. The patent log only gave ei g four miles in ten and a half hours. Did you propose to the master, or he to you, at four o' l lock, stopping the Sphynx to get a cast of the lead ?—No Ln: sidered there was an order to keep the lead going on alloen co A sions. I did not on that occasion. Who gove that order ?—I did. Was that order ever given in writing?- I Ce• Was there any written order on the night of the 16th left with the officers of the watch ?—No. believe not. Was the lead hove at all during the night? — threey Captain Hexpeasow—When the ship ce of seed? ast at twelve o'clock, what was the differen shut as WASI or d e red to —Three or four revolutions. The safety - val ve P ertly well What speed did a reduction of four revolutions .give you? —I should think she then went about seven eig ht kn ots ' By Captain MILNE—Did you consider the with the pilotage of the ship?—Yea. or charged Was he on deck during the first and middle_ wa.tch_esi atnhde at what hours 2—He was on deck constantly nun" • night. Did he mark on the chart the position of the sehiaftp a e t r ef g la ti t i twelve, two, and four o'clock?-1 am not oar o'clock whether he did or not. Why did net the master take the bearings oss of thebearings Portland the and Lights at the different hours, and by cr sition ? ' is po the distance run in the interval, obtain shi_ ad P a chart of his I do not know whether he did or not; he b own in his cabin. Athat hours did he rep the position him, of at the ship you? what hours did he report the positi o n you 2—At eight o'clock, and,ort w hen I s e n t for twelvtoe o'clock. Did he bring the chart with him? —.The chart was on the cabin table. Did he mark the position of the ship on the chart at twelve? —No, be did not. deviation of the head he corn d - When the ship was swung fo r the with the hi passes, what was the amoun t of error, at east 2-10 deg. 20 'Ain. Were you furnished by ;I:et-officer who swung the ship with a table of the amount of dev i at i o ns, and was it inserted in the log 2—Yes, and it was '`pasted" in the leg. Is it in the log now cons i d e r steer- Are the Court to that when the ship was t 10 ing east by compass the actual course was eas south?-- Yes. n the Porland Lights were reported to ' , altar:tutor— e nn er , did 1 you, at 12 o' lock by char t , you ay down the ship's position on the I wet on deck all the time were in sight. 7 r . 3 1, when you were seven miles off the Start, PortlandLig Dip you, from till the time the S h . p ynx struck, Start, as stated in the jog, lay down the course steered upon the Admiralty chart?— Yes, u u r rse , on a w th e e ll Admiralty in the chart, I measured and saw it was a ° CO r cortherect c c o o to ,— I cannot say whether I laid it down Channel Dirge y• or not. ht propose to you to g e t a Did any o cast of the lead ?—No. When you came upon dec k, a little after 5, where did you wa s when she struck 2—At the back of suppose the vessel the Isle of Wight. t on deck? Had she struck before you go cannot under take to say whether I was on the quarter-deck or not; if not I was on the ladder. What time of tide was it when the ship struck?—Flood LITERATURE. DIARY AND LETTERS OF MADAME D' ARBLAY. Vols. VI. and VII. Many pleasant and sparkling books of gossip have been written and published by contemporaries of the age in which Oliver Goldsmith and Dr. Johnson made their last appearance, and in which Lord Byron and Sir Walter Scott made their first appearance. Actors and dramatists, authors and artists, courtiers and petit maitres, soldiers and statesmen, sailors and civilians of every grade and distinction, have contributed volume upon volume to the enormous library illustrative of the occur rences and personages of that extraordinary epoch. Perhaps the century comprised between the middle of the eighteenth and towards the middle of the nineteenth must be regarded par exellenee as the most extraordinary epoch in the world's history. It was during that interval that America achieved her independence, and that, up wards of two centuries after the new hemisphere had been discovered by Columbus, a republic was founded beyond the Atlantic by the plain homely sense of a jour neyman printer and the sword of a country gentleman. It was during that interval that the deeds of the great Julius and the young King of Macedon were exceeded in civilised Europe by a Corsican adventurer. Then it was that lived our English Cicero—Pitt; and our Irish Demosthenes—Grattan: one of the greatest poets of England—Byron : the greatest poet of France—Beranger. It were hopeless, however, to enumerate even the mere names of the remarkable characters of this generation, without encroaching upon our columns to an extent from which we are precluded by the sitting of Parlia ment. Besides, it would be altogether superfluous to the vast majority, seeing that there is no other period with the outlines of which the majority , is so 'intimately and naturally familiarised. Nevertheless the multitude is not so far familiarised with the domestic lives of the men and women in question that they can regard with little curiosity the contents of such autobiographies as this straggling diary of Madame D'Arblay. There is an in terest about volumes of this character altogether irre spective of the genius or idiosyncracy of the narrator. To the million, for example, it matters not the value of twopence what were the c.mpliments paid to Madame D'Arblay, nee Burney, or what were the peregrinations of Madame D'Arblay, nee Barney, considered in her in dividuality. Not that we by any means depreciate the abilities of that deceased lady, but that, clever as we perforce regard " Eyeball," and humorous as we ac knowledge " Cecilia" to be, we are thoroughly convinced that they have not sufficient genius torender them classics, and thereby to obtain for their writer a place in the thoughts and affections of posterity. It would be an absurdity to maintain otherwise. For the day—for the hour—pour passer le temps, when afflicted with dyspepsia or the headache, those fictions have proved agreeable solaces to hundreds. But they have not the golden stamp of perpetual attraction —they cannot rank even ' with the smallest of the indestructable treasures of our literature: and hence it is indisputable that the millions care not the value of twopence for the individual opinions, or the individual circumstances, of Madame D'Arblay, nee Burney. It is only as an intelligent spectator of wonderful occurrences, and an observant companion of much greater people thanherself, that the " author of Eve lina," as her editor delights to call her, is welcome to the generality of readers now-a-days. Yet the most delightful characteristic of this " Diary " is the imperti nent modesty with which Madame D'Arblay betrays her own belief that she must continue the heroine through out, that her figure is most prominent in the different scenes, that her name, and her observations, and her frivolities, and her meditations, must prove the para mount attraction to every reader to the remotest bounds of time, and the furthermost limits of space. Madame D'Arblay is assuredly one of the greatest egotists that ever breathed. Jean Jacques was nothing to her. " Self" is the circumference in which all her ideas cir culate—it is like the " incorruptible concave "of Aris totle, embracing the whole universe of her mind, and al lowing every other sphere of intellect to revolve in it alone. Egotism, h o wever, while being on e of the most pro voking of the smaller vices, is at the same time one of the most forgiveable. We readily forgive the egotism of the illustrious, such as that of Horatius Flaccus, because we are almost rejoiced to find them conscious of their own immortality. We can forgive the egotism of those, again, who are the least entitled to indulge in that fashionable failing; (and, among such, Madame D'Arblay, nee Burney, is pre-eminent) because we are amused with their extravagant and pitiable effrontery. The volumi nous diary of which these sixth and seventh volumes form the conclusion, is rendered most amusing by this very extravagance of effrontery. Such compliments as Madame D'Arblay records about herself ! Such panegyrics upon her writings ! Such egregious goose - flattery from the mouths of slavering imbeciles clad in ermine and crowned with diadems ! And Madame D'Arblay swallows all these sickly condi ments with an avidity actually ridiculous, and exults in the repast, as if these sugared words were food nutri tious to the mind, and astringent to the character 1 0 paradox of woman I 0 large-witted " author of Eve lina !" 0 small-witted writer of the Diary ! It is amusing to observe the tremors and agitation with which Madame D'Arblay always enters the presence of royalty, whether it be the Duchess d'Angoulime, George the Third, or Louis le Desire. Her heart is always in a nervous state of palpitation when a Royal Highness ad dresses her • when a sovereign speaks to her on the terrace at Windsor, she is ready to fall down " at his feet" from emotion (vide Vol. VI., p. 221). It is all very picturesque for her to affect a love for sylvan re treats, but her heart is only elated when beating in the precincts of a court. She may, for a moment, appreciate that beautiful verse of Metastasio— " In quel rozzo angusto tetto, Che ricetto a not data, Con la gioja e col diletto L'innocenza albergherit." She may even appreciate it so fat as to translate it into words as beautiful as the following:— Our simple narrow mansion Will suit our station well ; There's loom for heart expansion, And peace and joy to dwell. But it is evident, from the whole colouring of her mind, that she only enjoyed life in the salons of the cr eme de la creme, or, better still, in the drawing-rooms of a palace. While we feel compelled to say thus much in depreciation of the strength of Ma dame D'Arblay's character, we must acknow ledge that her writings are throughout keen, sparkling, and satirical. Wherever there is fun, there, be sure, is sufficient cause for laughter, either on the lip, or in the sleeve of Isladame D'Arblay. Her portraitures ot Ma dame Duval, of the "vulgar cousins" of Evelina, of Mister Briggs, and of Captain Mervyn are good proof of this. Sly humour was her delight, and we would wager that her features relaxed considerably at that queer assurance with which the Chevalier D'Arblay con. eluded his letter to her on the 16th of November, 1801. He has been commenting upon the st onsul, parte, and asks how could dishonour attach itself to o m- his brave soldiers, from refusing to fight w ith their rades. Then, says he, " Depuis ma conversation d co "'jet. je n'en vois pas p asser un sans itre ten 4 Ita p l re a s n sirs d'aller, shake hand, avec lui." In this portion of the correspondence Madame D'Arblay describes her first in teresting Forythe t a standing t ion of Egypt in his Consular Palace of the Tuileries. on beholding the youthful conqueror of portionsatisfaction o f th e of the narrative. reader we The transcribe English this lady i B a m t r o e n vi e ew of hthyethwein}dlorwstscoofntshuel:clateau, in expec wwaass full, splendidly but not gearyi3 " The scene now, wit d h regard to all that was present, that became their a t tire, an ded, with o ffi cers of rank in sump tuoushighly animating. The room rather than rich w speaking, was too gorgeo l u rire s 7 to mwh b s e icah n n o , air d ble. exhibing a martial however, generally it was close to the steps as cending oh "Our window was that next to the consular apart ment, in which Bonaparte was holding a levee, and to it ; by which entrances, and had opportunityssteodt ea e xna v dm ar i i n e e u s e veexr)i.ts dressand means we saw all the forms where the past and every countenance that pa was highly awaus p in re g s , e l nt m n i t g n h e t e history and the "Sundry footmen of the First Consul, i ehamh superbly liveries, were attending to bri ng swa chairs very fine for whoever required them ; various peace- officers , begilt, paraded occasionally up and down the' to keep the ladies to their windows, and the gentlem e e r n , to their ranks, so as to preserve the passage or lane say historic , okrnao:r, r an e n p a e s n s ed . This through which the First Consul was to walk upon his entrance, clear and open ; and several gentlemanlike looking persons, whom in former times I should have supposed pages of the back stairs, dressed in black, with gold chains hanging round their necks, and medal lions pending from them, seemed to have the charge of the door itself, leading immediately to the audience chamber of the First Consul. But what was met prominent in commanding COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen held a Court on Saturday afternoon a, Buckingham Palace. The Earl Spencer, Earl of Hardwicke, Earl of Lin coln, Lord Portman, the Right Hon. Sir James Graham, Bart., and the Keeper of her Majesty's Privy Purse, were introduced by Lord Campbell, the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster to her Majesty, and took the oaths as members of the Council of the Duchy of Lan caster. Mr. Danvers, the Clerk of the Council to the Duchy, attended. Senor Toro had an audience of the Queen, and pre sented to her Majesty his credentials as Envoy Extra ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from the Republic of Venesula. His Excellency was introduced by Vis count Palmerston, G.C.8., her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and conducted by the lion. Sir Edward Cust, K.C.11., the Master of the Ceremonies. Her Majesty was attended by the Lord Chamberlain, the Earl of Morton, Lord in Waiting ; the Vice Cham berlain, and Sir Frederic Stovin, Groom in Waiting. The Queen, attended by the lion. Miss Paget and Colonel the lion. Charles Grey, visited her Royal Highness the Princess Sophia, on Saturday, at her re sidence at Kensington. His Royal Highness Prince Albert, attended by Mr. G. E. Anson, went on Saturday morning to the office of the Duchy of Cornwall, in Somerset House. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent and her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge, accompa nied by the Princess Mary, visited her Majesty on Saturday. The Royal dinner party at Buckingham Palace on Saturday included her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, their Ro) al Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, his Serene Highness Prince Frederick of Hesse, Count Alexander Mensdorff, his Excellency Count de St. Aulaire, the Duchess of Sutherland, the Duke of Wellington, Lady Fanny Howard, Lady Au gusta Cadogan, Baroness de Speth, Earl and Countess of Clarendon, Lord Robert Grosvenor, Lord George Lennox, and Mr. Edmond Mildmay. Yesterday morning the Queen and Prince Albert, her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, the Ladies and Gentlemen in Waiting, and the domestic household at tended Divine service in the private chapel at Bucking ham Palace. The Hon. and Rev. C. Leslie Courtenay officiated. His Serene Highness Prince Frederic of Hesse was present at the Queen's Levee on Friday. Colonel J. G. Griffith, Bombay Artillery, was presented to her Ma jesty at the Levee, on his return from India, by the Right lion. the Earl of Clare, K.P. Lady Caroline Cocks and the Hon. Miss Paget have succeeded the Hon. Misses Stanley and Dawson as the Maids of Honour in Waiting to the Qneen. Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Dnchsss of Cambridge and the Princess Mary attended Divine Service yesterday morning in Grosvenor Chapel. A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday afternoon, at the Foreign-office. The Ministers present were Lord John Russell, the Lord Chancellor, the Marquis of Lansdowne, the Earl of Minto, Sir George 'Grey, Vis count Palmerston, Earl Grey, the Chancellor of the Ex chequer, the Earl of Auckland, Sir John Hobhouse, Lord Campbell, the Earl of Clarendon, Viscount Mor peth, the Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay, and the Right lion. 11. Labouchere. The Council sat two hours and a half. The Earl of Stradbroke, the Earl of Auckland, and a deputation, had an interview with Lord John Russell, on Saturday, at his official residence in Downing-street. Mr. John liornby, M.P., and Mr. F. S. Head, had an interview with the Right lion. E. Strutt, on Saturday, at the office of the Commissioners of Railways. Mr. Cross had an interview with Sir George Grey on Saturday. The Rev. W. Thursby had also an interview with the Right Hon. Baronet on Saturday, at the Home office. The Duke of Wellington attended the early service yesterday in the Chapel Royal, St. James's. The Rev. Dr. Wesley officialed, and preached the sermon. At the daily service, the prayers were read by the Rev. Dr. Knapp, and the lessons by the Rev. Dr. H. Dakins. The sermon was reached by the Rev. Dr. Sleath. The anthem was " God is our hope" (Greene). Sir George Smart presided at the organ. The Marquises of Salis bury and viaanbd Fortes . eue, Listowel, Granville, De Muuley, Vi, and Ebrington, were among the nobility present. tide. By Captain Cl!Ans—You have stated that at 5 o'clock yougave orders for engines to go as slow as - possible, and be kept off; was that done?--TshtreurekhetTwileas eastand b ' following notice is posted on the door of Christ (,lurch, ship'sUl head to be concerned; they were • es, as far as " WITHOUT MONEY AND WITHOUT PRICE."—The "gnusthe ship's head was not kept or g as slow as to Mr. Davis, at the Montpelier Library, every day, Cheltenham :—"Applications fur Fars or sittings to be made . Sundays possible, but i Do you, from your own knowledge, know that the engines were going slow P—lt was reported to m e . admitting to all the services of the day, at I • iiii. rickets I know it was so. for single services, Is. each." excepted. Day tickets may be obtained__ ' . ati s he_ s.am:i..p rickets Ilow What rate do you suppose she was going when she struck? quartermaster HORRIBLE DESTITUTION --A gentleman, recently -' —Under five knots. from the west coast, assures us that a family in Kishorn, Lochcarron, have subsisted for several weeks this season onafterwardsv-a boiled grass and nettles, without tasting any other species of north. ) food. He adds, that nothing whatever has been done for By Captain MILNE—Did the master take the bearings of the paupers a few bolls the poor by the parish beyond giving the Start at 7, and the Portland Lights at 12?--Yes, I be srielpeorrtheedadto'"m.beenthshast of meal, and thinks that, ere summer, Jeantown will_ be h ove so. as utterly destitute as S kibb ere en, in Ireland.—Bo • -slure Did he give tho compass bearings, or were the bearings Advertiser. corrected for the deviation of the compass ?—The bearings by SINGULAR AND FATAL ACCIDENT.—An accident standard compass. Ido not think they were corrected. of a very uncommon kind occurred at New Bridge, near , Will you pro d uce t o the Court the table of deviations fur- Snaith, 01 Friday last. Mr. Joseph Bays, farmer, was nished to you by the officer who swung the ship ?—I cannot. ploughing i n a li v id i n hi s occupation, and had finished all the There is a correct copy (put in). field but a narrow s li p by th e aide o f a drain, when, it is sup- By Captain KtsccomE—When you left the deck at three posed, o w i ng t o th e restiveness of one of the horses, the o'clock at what distance do you suppose you could see a plough w as over turned into the drain, and, unfortuaately, light at the Isle of Wight ?—Eight or nine miles. Could see the deceased with, it, and he was drowned...Doncaster a ship one and a half or two miles oil. Cht onicle, PET4RITARI 15, Was it reported to you when it became thick P—No. By the PRESIDENT—Did you leave any night orders at eight o'clock ?—Yes. What were they ?—To call me on all occasions of change of weather, and the officer of watch to keep his watch. The night channel orders were—that I never could be called too often if anything occurred. Who did you leave those orders with P—l think the gunner. He was on the bridge with me for some time. To the Master—Do you wish to question any part of the evidence which has been given P—No. All is perfectly correct. It is therefore unnecessary to give more than two items of the master's evidence. By the PRESIDENT—Had there been a cast of the lead at four o'clock would the Sphynx have got on shore ?—I do not think she would, Cross-examined by Commander Cragg—Did you not alter the course on your own responsibility ?—I did, at five o'clock. Mr. John Jones, the gunner; Lieut. Marryat, Mr. William Cavendish Spencer Sullivan, acting mate; Walter Hall and John Vincent, quartermasters; Mr. George William Burnby, midshipman; Mr. Pemberton, first engineer; Mr. Oultine, engineer •f the middle watch on the morning in question ; and Thomas M'Gellon, engineer, were all examined ; but it is unnecessary to give their testimony. This concluded the prosecution, and it now being five o'clock, the Court adjourned until the following day to hear the defence. At 10 o'clock on Saturday morning the Court re-as sembled, when Mr. Hoskins delivered a most eloquent de fence on behalf of Commander Cragg, but which, we regret, is too lengthy for our limited space. The prisoner's certiti ficates were of the most satisfactory character, some of the most distinguished officers in the service having warmly tes tified to his merits. The master made no set defence, but also received an excellent character, from Captain Chads and other officers. The Court was then cleared, and after two hours' delibera tion, agreed that the charge had been fully proved against the said Commander John Bettinson Cragg and Mr. Joseph Wallis (the Sphynx having been run upon the shore in con sequence of the lead not having been attended to), and did adjudge the said Commander J. B. Cragg, in consideration of his previous high character and length of service, to be only dismissed from the command of the said steam , sloop Sphynx, and to be placed at the bottom of the list of Commanders of the Royal Navy; and the said Mr. Joseph Wallis, in conse quence of his subsequent gallant conduct in saving the lives of part of the boat's crew of her Majesty's ship Scourge, to be only dismissed from the said steam-sloop Sphynx, and to be reduced from the rank of master of the Royal Navy, and to serve as a second master in the Royal Navy, and not to be eligible to be promoted for the space of ene year from the day of the date hereof; and the Court agreed that the charge had not been proved against the other officers and the ship's company who formed the crew of the Sphynx steam vessel when she ran ashore, and did adjudge them to be ac quitted. Commander Cragg has been 38 years in the navy (although only five years a commander), and, during 33 years of that time, has been actually at sea, and mostly employed on f - reign stations. He entered the service in 1809, on board the Lavinia, Lord William Stuart ; was midshipman of the Marl borough, at Cadiz ; and in North America during the war, with Admiral Sir George Cockburn ; in the flag-ships of Ad mirals Sir Pulteney Malcolm and Plampin, at St. Helena, and, Lord Aurelius Beauclerck ; a second time he joined Admiral Plampin, who, when he struck his flag, promoted hiM to the rank of lieutenant, in May, 1828. In 1829 he was flag-lieutenant to Rear-Admiral Sir Charles Paget, and commanded the tender to the Semiramis, and, during that time, captured a smuggling cutter on the coast of Ireland; he was afterwards in succession lieutenant of the Talavera, Malabar, and Cornwallis, and joined a second time with Sir Charles Paget, for the West Indies, in 1837, where he was placed in command of the Charon steam-vessel, and on her being paid off, was appointed to the Dasher ; from her was removed to the Hecla, which he commanded nearly three years in the West Indies. During the latter command in 1841, the yellow fever broke out on board, and the surgeon died on the fifth day, and she was at sea eleven days without a medical man, during which time Lieutenant-Commander Cragg personally administered to the whole of the officers and crew, who were all suffering from the fever, but not one died. On arriving at Barbadoes, a week afterwards, the fever- again broke out in the vessel, when every officer, ex cept Itir. Cragg and one enoineer, together with a great pro portion of the crew, died ; and there were upwards of 34 in the hospital. During the time Lieutenant Cragg served in the West Indies he always acted as pilot, having no officers, a master's-assistant being lent him from the Rover to take charge of the stores. On paying off the Hecla he was pro moted to the rank of commander, having been 31 out of 33 years actually at sea, and was appointed to the command of the Sphynx on the 29th of June last. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. - - Ponrsatount, FEB. 12.—Captain Dwyer's pay-sergeant of the 6th company of the Royal Marine Artillery absconded on Friday last with a considerable sum of money in his pos session. It is suspected, however, he has met with foul play, or that some unfair means have been used to cause his ab sence, as he had on the previous Wednesday a much larger sum in his possession. Hitherto this man has borne a most excellent character, having served in the corps upwards of 19 years. He has seen some considerable service, and re • ceived decorations of the Cross for the relief of Bilboa, 1836, and the Cross of Isabel 11. for his services in the field. The Frolic 16, Commander Hamilton, was at San Blas on the sth of December, with a freight of bullion on board, ready to sail in a few days for England, touching at Val paraiso. The Fisgard, 42, Captain Duntze, was at San Bias on the 14th of December, collecting freight, and was to leave for Valparaiso, Rio, and England, on the 15th of February. The Modeste, 18, Commander Watkins, was expected there daily. The Avon, surveying steam-vessel, Commander H. C. Otter, sailed last evening for Scotland to resume her survey. We are informed that the weight of the gun and pinnace on the deck amidships of the Birkenhead steam-frigate is so great as to have caused the deck beams to sink so much as to press upon the cross-beams of the machinery, so that when the engines were stopped they could not be set going again ! And that with only 500 tons of coals on board she swims two feet deeper than was intended ! The African steam-tug proceeded to the wreck of the Sphynx to-day with the Drake lighter in tow, and a gang of riggers on board to rig out a " derrick " for getting out her boilers and heavy machinery. Each boiler weighed 15 tons. The Drake is to take the machinery on board, but not the boilers. The Echo went in the same direction at noon to-day, taking a gang of shipwrights, and towing a mooring-lump, the two original camels, which have been re paired and strengthened, and one of t he paddle-box boats formerly belonging to the Retribution, the whole loaded with empty casks, and other stores to be used in the attempt to float off the wreck. Another and larger punt has been decked over, and fitted with a frame work of bulk timber, to be used at the Sphynx's stem ; one end of the punt is to be brought against the stem, where a notch is fitted to receive it, and the punt firmly braced with chains to the vessel,while at the other end is a strong upright frame fixed about 12 feet high, over which, in notches prepared for the purpose and lined with sheet iron, the chain-cables to be used in heaving off are to be carried, which will give increased buoy ancy to the whole. If fine weather lasts we have great hopes in the success of the experiment. A party of men (50) of the Victory, under the command of Lieutenant Thompson, will go down to render assistance. All the offi cers having been brought from the wreck to the court-mar tial, Captain Austen, of Woolwich, has been left in charge of her, and Dr. Burns (awaiting passage to join the Dido in the East Indies) has relieved Dr. Clarke, of the Sphynx, of the medical charge. In Harbour—The St. Vincent, Victory, Excellent, and Belleisle ; the Rattler, Birkenhead, Echo, Myrtle, and Afri can steamers. At Spithead—None. In Dock—The Prince Regent, Ajax, Victoria and Albert Leander, Serpent, and Champi on . , In the Basin—The Edinburgh, Dauntless, Sidon, and Kestrel. The second division of the 56th Regiment arrived by rail way this morning, and immediately embarked on board the Belleisle. The Sidon steam-frigate, Captain Henderson, C. 8., had her fore and main masts taken out to-day. FEB. I4.—The Belleisle, 72, Captain Kingcome, dropped out to Spithead this morning with the reserve battalion of the 56th Regiment for Gibraltar, with whom she sails after shipping her powder, Sic. The Herald, 26, Captain Kellett, was at San Blas on the 29th of November, having just returned from the survey of the Columbia Riyer and Vancouver's Island. She would sail for Panama to refit early in December. All well on board. The Rattler steam-sloop (screw) Commander Moorman, went out yesterday to try her screw, &c. The Rapid, 10, Commander Galwey, was spoken with on the 3d instant off Cape Finisterre, bound southward. A vote of thanks has been sent down from the Admiralty to the officers and mea employed from this dockyard upon the Sphynx, expressive of the warm and entire approbation of their Lordships of all the measures adopted for her extri cation. and stating that their claims should be all attended to as soon as the work is completed. PLYMOUTH.--The South-Western Steam Navigation Com pany's packet Transit, Captain Michael Whitworth, under charter by Mr. Hislop, her Britannic Majesty's Vice-Consul at Carril, arrived at Plymouth on the 11th inst. with about 700 sacks of Indian corn in sacks and bulk ; 40 and .50 cases of eggs, and 18 bags of chestnuts. The corn is very much heated, owing to the long and boisterous passage experienced. She completed her lading :about the 23d of January ; left Carril, the 29th, returned the 81st, departed again the Ist inst., and having made about 30 leagues north of Cape Finis terre, put back to Corunna for coal on the 3d, and finally left the coast of Spain on the sth. They first had very heavy weather from the N.E., then a calm, followed by a severe gale from the N.N.W. On reaching Plymouth their coal was all consumed, and water nearly expended. In the Sound they touched on the Batten Reef, but came off with the flood about three o'clock A.M. The cargo will require to be landed and stored immediately. The Transit reports "her Majesty's ship America, 50, Captain Sir Thomas Maitland, and her Majesty's frigate Thetis, 36, Captain Codrington, to have left Corunna, with the wind at S.S.W., on the 3d inst. At Corunna about eight or ten British, and the same number of foreign merchant vessels ; one-half of the former bound to Carril. A great quantity of large timber floating about near Cape Finisterre and in Corunna Bay, apparently the cargoes of wrecked vessels. Saw several homeward-bound ships in the chops of the Channel. DEATH OF PROFESSOR NAPIER. -We regret to have to record the death of Macvoy Napier, Esq., Professor of Conveyancing in the university of this city, which took place at his house about five o'clock yesterday morning. For some time past, we understand, Mr. Napier had not fully enjoyed his accustomed health, but his indisposition was not so severe as tdprevent him from attending his official duties. He delivered a lecture on Monday, as usual, to his class, and though he had since that day taken unwell, yet his friends did not anticipate that his dissolution was so near. Besides the distinguished place which he occupied in our university, Mr. Napier was well known in literary circles on account of his connexion with the Edinburgh Review, of which he was editor for nearly twenty years, and also with that great literary undertaking the Encyclopedia Britannica, the whole of the seventh edition of that noble work having been issued under his superintendence, as Well as a supplement to the previous one. Mr. Napier was also one of the principal clerks of the Court of Session. We have not heard his pre cise age, but be believe he had attained his seventieth or seventy-first year. The death of the talented Professor has caused a blank in the literary world which will be exten sively felt.—Edinbatrgh Advertiser. ASTLEYS.—DESTITUTE IRISH AND SCOTCH BENEFIT.— We regret to state that the entire evening's receipts of the benefit given by Mr. Batty last Thnriclaf orf the destitute Irish and Scotch did not amount to PAoke 'than 57/. ls. 6d., which sum he has entirely appropriated to their relief, without any deduction whatever for the expenses of his extensive establishment, and which has been forwarded to:the Committee of the British Association for the :distressed districts, South Sea House. We are sorry the sum was so small, as every effort was made on the part of Mr. Batty to ensure success, The Duke of Wellington entertained a party of Peers at dinar %I Thursday last, at 4817 louge, 18 , 11. COWES, ISLE OF WIGHT. (Fnom OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) FIBRUA.RY 14. MONUMENT TO TEE LATE COMMODORE OF THE ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON.-The subscription for this object now amounts to more than 8001., to which 2001. is to be added from the club funds, so that there is no doubt of its reaching the proposed amount, 1,2001., by May next, the time for holding the general meeting of members. Tux NEEDLES LIGHT. --The loss of her Majesty's steamer Sphynx may, we hope, impress on the Government the ne cessity of altering the position of this light, as it is notorious that when most wanted it cannot be seen, being always capped in bad weather. It is well known that the unfortunates on board the Clarendon, the Sphynx, and the fifty other vessels that have been lost on the rock and cliff- bound coast of the Wight were not able to discern the Needles light or they would have been saved. THE b'ruvrex.—Great exertions have been made to save this ship : her being so near our great naval yard has given her a chance no other vessel has had, and everything pro ceeded favourably till this morning, when the wind came round to the south-west,:blowing hard on the shore. Had the fine calm weather of the last week continued only three days longer she would have been safe in Portsmouth ha: hour, now all is a lottery. The barometer has sunk from 29.76 to 29.48. DISTRESS OF THE LABOURING POOR IN THE ISLE OF WIC;IIT.—At the weekly meeting of the guardians of the poor on Friday, there were more applications from the agri cultural poptilation than ever before remembered. Heavy rain set in on the 7th; in the evening came snow, and eon , tinned part of the night, followed by a sharp front on the Bth, the snow being from four to six inches deep, which had not been witnessed for the last seventeen years. During the (lay thousands of larks passed over, waking for the south; this continued (luring the 9th, numbers of the birds alighting in the turnip fields, Pc:ding en the tops, and, strengthened by the warm sun, again took flight to the south. In many parts of the island they were taken in great numbers; in all parts they devoured the cabbage plants, &c. The frost continued by nights, but the warm sun of the days thawed the snow so much that the grass in the meadows dipping to the south and west, again pressed through on the 10th. It froze very hard till midnight on the 13th, when the wind shifted to the south-west, attended with rain, and on the 14th the snow had almost entirely disappeared. The winter has been long and severe, and as the poor are not relieved by the charities of those that are gone, no rich legacies having been left to them, they rely on their own exertions, the poor-house, or to the voluntary subscriptions of the tradesmen, &c. There are no rich residents ; the tradesmen thereore subscribe weekly to the compassionate fund to relieve the destitute and distressed in the winter. The committee commenced by dis tributing bread and coals once a fortnight, then weekly, and at last twice a week; on the Ist inst. to 160 families, on the 4th to 170, on the 10th to 220, and on the 1 2th to 227 , each family receiving one hundred weight of coals, and to families of six, 12 lbs. of bread, of four, 8 lbs., of two, 41bs. This vast amount of good is effected by a weekly subscription of tradesmen, &c., of only sixpence each, the far greater num ber of whom are yearly subscribers; but there are some, well able to afford it, who never subscribe to this or any other charity - , men in whose breasts charity has no place: but it is so in all towns. It is to be regretted that all towns have not a compassionate fund, from which the afflicted and distressed can at all times receive relief, for from this fund money (when more particularly needed) is given, in sums of 2s. 6d. to 205., as well as food, without distinction as to creed or politics. The committee meet every Wednesday, and every subscriber is a member of the committee if he attends the meeting. THE DISTRESSED IRISM AND SCOTCH.—Collections have been made from house to house through this town in aid of these funds, and a considerable amount obtained. HAMBURGH PAPERS. HAMBURGH, FEB. 9.—A portion of ice at Newnaubler began to drift yesterday, but the frost being sharp in the night the motion of the ice was again stopped, and fast ice produced, so that no improvement in the state of the ice in the Elbe is to be expected for some days. The London mail is not arrived. GLUCKSTADT, FEB. 9.—The state of :the ice is not altered. The entrance to the harbour is free. WESTMINSTER ELECTION. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—A correspondent in your excellently conducted journal, asks, " Who is Mr. Cochrane, the present can didate for the representation of Westminster?" "Is he the same Mr. Cochrane who, some years since, gavelled through the country as a Spanish minstrel?" "Is he the party who published a descriptive account of his wanderings through Kent and Sussex?" These ques tions require a straightforward answer; since it must not be borne, it mu►t not be tolerated, that the large and influential city of Westminster shall be represented by a person who, in the disguise of a travelling musician, succeeded, in many instances, alas! too many instances, in insinuating himself into private families, and after wards exposed the flirtation of sundry misses, some in their teens, and others approaching that questionable age when ladies begin to think they are forgotten by the sterner portion of the sex. Ido not state that Mr. Cochrane is the man who thus acted; I do not aver that he is the individual who pub lished sundry amours in his book, which he pretended took place at Canterbury, Dover, Hastings, and Brighten ; I can scarcely believe that a man, who could betray the confidence of any female, after having been fed and pampered to satiety by her friends, and sup plied with money, believing the said individual to be in the condition of an unfortunate political exile, would dare to affront a highly respectable and honourable con stituency with his presence. But, Sir, you say—" Per haps Mr. Cochrane will inform the electors whether he is the person I have thus hastily alluded to ?" My reply is, do not take Mr. Cochrane's word for his innocence. I knew the wandering minstrel—the poor amiable young man who had been driven from friends and home, owing to . political disturbances in his own country-4 have seen him often, but not since he gathered silver and gold from yhose who pitied his pretended misfortune—from these who fostered the viper, who felt for and sympathised with him in his assumed distressed condition, and I might be able to identify him ; yet, there is a probability of clearing up the point beyond the possibility of doubt. The minstrel's work was printed by Mr. Brettel, of Rupert-street, Haymarket ; and I have reason to know that that gentleman is perfectly acquainted with the person of Mr. Cochrane, and can, therefore, without difficulty, set the matter at rest, and thus ease the minds of many parties wbo have promised Mr. Cochrane their support, but who would at once withdraw it if Mr. Cochrane can be identified as the wandering minstrel. Allow me to add, that, for years, Mr: - Brettel has taken a very prominent part in the Westminster election; he is a Liberal too ; and would no doubt, not only for the credit of the House of Commons, but for the honour and reputation of Westminster, set the matter at rest. I am, Sir, faithfully yours, J W. Fleet-street. DESTITUTION IN IRELAND. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—A few days ago I saw in your Yaluable Paper a letter from a brother traveller, suggesting that we should raise a fund for the poor of this fine, but unhappy country; and he suggested that we should subscribe at least five shillings each. Now, Sir, the object of this letter is to suggest that every traveller shall do what he can; but I trust that most of us will give at least a pound. I have already given at a public meeting; but, Sir, I am willing to forego some of my usual comforts to aid in feeding the starving multitudes in this country. It would be useless for me to attempt to describe the misery that I witness from day to day. The public papers are full of the horrors that the poor suffer. I call on my brother travellers to do what they can to stimu late others in various towns as they go through their journey ; they may do much themselves, and they may induce others to do more. I am, Sir, your most obedient servant, JOHN. WEBB. Hotel, Waterford, Feb. 10, 1847. NUMEROUS SUDDEN DEATHS.—On Friday Mr. W. Carter, the Surrey Coroner, held four inquests on the bodies of persons who had died suddenly. The first was taken at the Swan Inn, near Peckham. the other three were held in the parish of St . Magdalen, Bermondsey. PARIS.—The Misses Pyne have been singing with immense success at the Marchioness of Normanby's soirée musicale ; also at Les Deux Nouveaux concerts. The Marchioness has again segued these accomplished young ladies for the 19th inst. FIRE IN THE OLD-STREET•ROAD.-011 Wednesday night, a few minutes before ten o'clock, a fire broke out on the premises in the occupation of Mr. Berry, known as the Victoria Coffee-house, 57, Old-street-road. From what could be gleaned on the spot, shortly after the outbreak, it appears that while the parties connected with the premises were in the lower room, a strong smell of tire filled the room, and in a few minutes the roaring of flames was heard in the upper part of the house, shortly after which the fire burst through the chamber windows. Engines were soon upon the spot, and were set to work. The fire, however, prevailed, nor was it quenched before the building (built chiefly of wood) was burned through, and its contents consumed. The adjoining shop, on the eastern side, was saved, in consequence of a substantial party-wall being between them. The fire is sup posed to have originated through some defect in the flue. It is said that the occupier is not insured. PROVISIONS FROM THE UNITED STATES.—The Queen of the West, from New York (which arrived at Li verpool on the 11th instant) brings 5,100 barrels of flour, I 4,956 barrels of Indian corn meal, 222 bags of Indian corn, 1,454 bags of peas, and 3,000 packages of biscuit. WITCHCRAFT.—YARMOUTII.—Thanks to the more general diffusion of knowledge, instances of belief in super natural powers have now become exceedingly rare; that it is not entirely eradicated the following paragraph will fully prove. On Saturday last Mrs. Leggett appeared at our Po lice-court to crave sureties of the peace against her sister, Mrs. Cole, both inhabitants of Gorlestone, and the defendant, the wife of the well-known pilot of that name. It appears that the two sisters have lately "fallen out" respecting some property left them by their father. On Friday Mrs. Cole went to the house of Mrs. Leggett, and broke open her door by throwing a stone at it. She then commenced a volley of abuse directed against her sister, and threatened " to make her wallow in h er blood unless she went to Norwich and had the witches taken off her (Mrs. Cole's) husband. She would make her drink her own blood unless s he uubewitched her husband." The Mayor asked Mrs. Cole what she meant, when she made, with all possible earnestness, the following statement My sister got my father to make a wrong will, and leave all his property to her; and she now sets all the lawyers at defiance. My husband has been lately in a very low way; I have had Dr. Impey to him, the Pier. master's son, and old Dr. Smith, but they know nothing about his complaint—he is never at rest night or day, and my belief is he is bewitched by Mrs. Leggett. He is never well, and yet nobody can see anything the matter with hi m ." The magistrates remonstrated with the defendant as to the fearful delusion under which she labo ure d , and with a promise from her not to go near the c omplainant, allow ed the parties to retire. Mrs. Cole soca-led naturally s hrewd general subjects, and before she l e ft t h e court adir'rtewteiltltohne possibility of her belief being erroneous, for the said , " Well, if er there are such things as w i tc h es, my sister is one. " —Bury Hald. It is mentioned in Westminster 1141 that Mr. Cockburn, Q.C., intends, at Parliamentary termination of the present session to relinquish iiihouse, with t enary rrofessional pr4tlce in Committees of the a view to his entering Parliament at the next general election. His Excellency th e Belgian 4 inister and Madame Van de Weyer received a distinguished circle to dinner on . Saturday lad, at the Belgian Legatiniiii S u IN /4,.,..•; - .: - - - 1:: - .--7 - --li- - - FUTURE REPRESE _til:Triii* :oti---' THE BOROUGH OF r:4.4brbra: --.., ;- .1 4-7 .:. frQ (From the Berkshire -:' i c i,7o , --N- 4-1 . : 7 t ) It is with extreme regret that we n. .40 4 0 ------'-- - t - b '' ,--,' Ily hopes which we may say were unive 11' ' entertained by the inhabitants of this .i r ugh a4W w ter, of Bearwood, would be their reprpt`. Mat citNIII proaching election are at an end. That gentleman is now lying dangerously ill, and whatever may be the termination of his illness—which we sincerely hope will be favourable.— he has directed it to be made publicly known that he has formed a firm determination to retire wholly from public life. He has expressed, so far as he is able, his sincere and affectionate regard for the inhabitants of the town and neighbourhood, and assures them that though he shall in no case be their representative, he will, if spared, not cease from being their friend. RAILWAY BILLS CLASSIFICA TION. The Select Committee have published a corrected first rer port, which contains 24 groups of railway Bills. The docu ment only differs from that which we published a few days since, in the following instances, and we therefore do not re publish the report : GEOCP No. 6.-142. Southampton and Dorchester, Bland ford Branch) is transferred front Group No. 7, and stands eighth on the group. Guour No. 8.-242. Sutton Harbour Improvement Com pany (power to the London and South-Western Railway Company to subscribe thereto)). This is inserted into this group, and stands fourth in order. Gnour No. 19.—The following bills are added to this group, and stand third, fourth, and fifth in order:--- 862. Loudon and North-Western Railway (Atherston and Wliitacre Brauch). 368 I.:molon k/ICI North-Western Railway (Coventry and Nuneaton Branch). 370. Coventry, Nuneaton, and Birmingham and Leicester Railway (power Ito purchase to the London and North- Western Company, and Midland Railway Company pur chase). FURTHER REPORT FROM THE SELECT COM- MITTEE ON CLASSIFICATION. The Committee of Classification have, in continuation of their report, which we published last Monday, giving their groupings as far as 24, further recommeded that the following Bills be referred to distinct Committees, making a total of 41 groups. _ _ GROUP 25. 42. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire—Branch at Bugsworth, &c. 69. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, and Man chester and Lincoln Union Amalgamation. 104. Manchester and Lincoln Deviation. 167. Midland—from the Erewash Valley to the Notting ham and Mansfield, &c. 314. Manchester . and. Birmingham, and North Stafford shire Junction. 371. Manchester, Buxton, and Matlock, and itEdlandi Junction—Deviations, Amendment, &c. GROUP 2d.' 57. North Staffordshir e et Valley Line and Trent Valley Junction. 58. North Staffordshire—Churnet Valley Line and Trent Valley Junction—Alterations and Branches. 222. London and North-Western (Birmingham to Lich field), &c. 223. South Staffordshire—Cannock, Wyrley, and Norton Branches, &c. 454. Derbyshire, Staffordshire, and Worcestershire Jun*. tion and Branches. 466. Manchester, London, and Birmingham. GROUP 27. 107. Lynn and Ely—Extension to Spalding and Holbeach. 249. Eastern Counties—Wisbeach to Spalding. 253. Great Northern—Branch to King's Lynn. 261. Lynn and Ely—Deviation and Lynn Dock. 262. Lynn and Ely—Lynn an Wormegay Navigation. 281. Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham—Branch to Wig beach Harbour, &c. 282. Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham, to Sutton Bridge Harbour, &c. Your Committee recommend that the Great Northern Rail way Bill (Deviations between Peterborough, Boston, and Doncaster) be divided into two Bills, the one to contain the deviations near Doncaster, the other the remaining devia tions, and that the first Bill be referred to Group 31, the second Bill to Group 28. GROUP 28. 246. Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham—Peterborough and Thorney Line. 247. Eastern Counties—Peterborough to Falkingham. 248. Eastern Counties—Spalding to Newark. 283. Great Northern—Deviations between Peterborough. Boston, and Doncaster—the Bill, No. 2, as proposed in the special report. 303. Great Northern—Branches to Sleaford. GRO yr 29. 47. East Lincolnshire—Deviation at Boston, &c. 56. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire—Louth, llorneastle, and East Lincolnshire Junction Branches. 70. East Lincolnshire —Louth to Lincoln. 203. East Lincolnshire —Louth Navigation Purchase. 302. Great Northern—Purchase of Ambergate, Notting ham, and Boston, and Eastern Junction, &c. 304. Great Northern—Horncastle Branch, &c. 377. Midland—Extension of Nottingham and Lincoln Branch at Lincoln, &c. GROUP 30. 194. Great Northern —lsle of Axholme Extension. 278. Great Northern —Deviation between Grantham and York. 317. York and North Midland—Kottingley Branch. 319. York and North Midland—East Riding Canals Purchase. 404. Axholme—from Leeds and Selby, &c. 437. York and North Midland Hull Station and Branches. Your Committee recommend that the Great Northern Bill (Deviations between Peterborough, Boston, and Doncaster) be divided into two Bills, the one to contain the deviations near Doncaster, the other the remaining deviations, and that the first Bill be referred to Group 31, the second Bill to Group 28. GROUP 31. 12. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire—Junction with Midland, &c. 21. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire—Branch to Chapel-town, &c. 146. Louth, Yorkshire, Doncaster, and Goole—Purchase of Sheffield, &c. 149. Manchester andLeeds—Branch from the Huddersfield and Sheffield, &c. _ _ 184.. Midland, Sheffield, Barnsley, Doncaster, and Goole Line. 268. Sheffield, Rotherham, and Doncaster Junction—Nes borough and Doncaster. 283: No. 1. Great Northern—Doncaster Deviation. Bee Special Report, appended to Group 28. GROUP 32. • 44. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincelnshire—Station t Sheffield, No. 2. 83. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire—Sheffield Canal Purchase. 185. Midland Alasborough and Normanton Stations Enlargement. 2677 Sheffield, Rotherham, Wakefield, and York—Partial Alteration of Levels, &c. 411. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire—Station at Sheffield. GROUP 33. 41. Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester Extension to Wakefield, &c. 66. Leeds Central railway Station. 138. Manchester and Leeds—Alteration of Levels of Brig house Branch, Asc. 156. Leeds, Wakefield, and Midland Junction. 310. Great Northern—Extension to Leeds and Wakefield, &c„ and Deviation. 388. Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester —Onset Branch, &o. Gnome. 34. _ _ _ 20. Manchester, Sheffield, and Oldham to Ashton. •Branch frau 42. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire—Station Ap. proach in Manchester. 63. Rochdale Canal—Sale to Manchester and Leeds Rail way Company. 67. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire—Ashton Canal Purchase. 128. Huddersfield and Manchester—Branch fr o m Oldham to Ashton. . 131. London and North -Western—Lease and Purchase of Huddersfield and Manchester Railway and Canal, &c. 132. Huddersfield and Manchester—Lteviation and Altera. tion, &c. 307. Oldham Alliance—Lines from Oldham, &c. GROWP 85. 89. Blackburn Darwen, and Bolton Railway Acts Amend ment—Deviations. 85. Fleetwood, Preston, and West Riding—Burnley and Colliery Branches. 97. Preston and Wyre—Extension from Lytham to Black port, &c. 112. Liverpool, Manchester, and Newcastle-upon-Tyns Junction Acts Amendment 148. Manchester and Leeds—Branches, Extensions, &c. 271. East Lancashire Deviations and Nantwicli Coal Branch. 272. East Lancashire—Burnley Connecting Line. 275. East Lancashire—Bury to Manchester. 275. East Lancashire—Clitheroe, Nyt6on, and Padtham.• GRour 36. 166. Liverpool, Crosby, and Southport Railway and Branch. 199. Manchester and Southport Railway and Branches. 224. London and North-Western—Ormskirk and Rainford Branch, &c. 273. East Lancashire—Southport Branch, and Preston Extension. GROUP 37. 81. London and North-Western—Purchase of the Elles mere interest in the Manchester, South Junction, and Altrin. cham. 300. St. Helen's Canal and Railway Amendment Bill Warrington and Blackbrook Branch, &c. 475. London and North-Western—Liver•street , Live:P *4 Station, Sic. GROUT' 38. band Boroughbridge 215. Leeds and Think— Branch. _ 216. Leeds and Thirsk—Harrogate and Pateley Branch. 481. Leeds and Thirsk—Branch to Bfehnerby, &c. 219. Leeds and Thipsk—Deviation of Main Line. Sec., in Chimple Valley. 318. York and North blidland 39 —Harrogate Branch, art. GROUP . 9 6. Wharfdale Railway Act Amendment and Deviation. Western—Western Casterten, & c ., Di vers i on. 233.. Li ve rpool, Manchester, and Newcastle-On- JIM.. lion, J.. ac Nor th . Union Deviation. 245. Liverpool, Manchester, and N ort h ern Counties Union ti° 234. Northern Counties Amalgamation. GROUP 40. 75. Hartlepool and Stockton Junction. 117. Wear Valley, Bishop Auckland, and Weardale, &e. Amalgamation. 173. Clarence and Leeds and Thirsk Amalgamation. 214. Leeds and Thirsk—Leeds, Durham, and Newcastle Extension, &c. 217. Leeds and Thirsk—Eaglescliffe ,and Stillington Ex tension, &c. 315. York and Newcastle—Pelaw Tyne Docks, Branches, 404. York and Newcastle—Wearmonth Dock Enlarge. meat. 405. York and Newcastle—Main Line Improvement, Ste. 406. York and Newcastle—Hartlepool Dock and Railway, &c., Purchase. Gum. 41. 316. York and Newcastle and Newcastle and Berwick Amalgamation. 407. York and Newcastle and Newcastle and Berwick and yerth British Amalgamation. 439. Newcastle and Berwick—East Coast Line, &c. 440. Newcastle and Berwick—Cramlington, &c., Branches. The Committee will meet on Thursday next to receive any suggestions in reference to the preceding groups. We regret to hear that the Earl and Countess of Jersey have received intelligence of the death of the infant Prince Adolphus Esterhazy, youngest son of their liighuassee Prince and Princess Nicholas Esterhazy. ~~; A ~~ 1 •r,erti.!:,l H . ',.. 1 ::.z.•,i,' . 1 ''' 1 t -.-„:.; . • ;