The Sun. — London, England, 1817-01-25 00:00:00

Ship NEWS. D, • • • 144 ') 2 40—Cante floWn from the 'River, .3 remAibt the Apollo, fo r B om b ay ; fier6 for , ; 41 "dr#si Sorereign, fur Jainaica ; Mary; rat liattw oes ; Pletoff, Tor. St. Alic'oael's Shakes: ,'Peace, fur the West Indie s . ; and Contitserot Hoe battlethip for' St. Helena. Arrived the Her- , ) 41 , 9,RuttEr., from Halobi,rgh.—AVind S.W. 'llll4lTSmoul •24.—Sbiled his Alajesty's lil'iitri!tolartlieus on 'is •ind Ben Johnson, :43',.44.p,t1.,,f0r Lon (I on .-1 ri,td Nolinrnt, JAN. 22 .—:Sailed hi s M a j es ty's ',)tig Hero n on it( r ltay trsett, JAN. 24..---Came in the following sh iP l !or alitltei 'Natalia, lon Prater, Fly, __fart of t 4l " , Scheen• Le Petit Zolin, l4 4 ' ltittle rianily, Mary. Pearl, with loss of i inth or and ca l i l e, and LC Jeune il eor i e , with l /414114 11 upset: ~ ig Pon,. .t A N. 22 . - -.lrrivetl PCAte, 'run- Itoel titill(101) lost tor Li4ieric.k; with l oss o f s fat, bultearks, and other damage. 111,,liar A' , • GLAND, .10M Visiitns 141 1 s, was inst off Bury Head on II ed- TiVeretv saved.- • tclltirrlChore, TAYLott, from Gottenhorgli hear tan '0.4 the S ow and Pig Itoeki. A 0. 44 the 22 I instant, 'and it Wai feared 011.IVgtb.e gut o ff . )tkq y, 1/I,lllolday s , 'Lini".;lit the brig Eliza, flax. ibdo ih r , l)4 , l St' Joint's, Newfoundland, lulls - ell A 4,1 , 14 k w , 4 lsss general Cargo, atter a passage of trei t hi t , r "Nrtitt the tpiekest ever known. The isl o w 6 0 severe qt the time she left She itlho or j it she WHS. obliged to be cut out of N THE SUN. 1 t:91! RIPOTIIESIS OP 1111:, SPOTS IN Tin.: SUN. "1111"1Ipliere of the Suit is so intensely tint 0 ; 1 4 irlll4lll heat to this' our Clobe, and to the 1 .441% 44 'of Oursystem: When there is " 6) or spot s on t h e Sun, it is the . .QPII f' Suit th rough an ope n i ng or separa ,llll Ittmoiplierel•of cootie, the less the ielrecior the greittet wprning in it s the . " tt4f 14;4 rteelve Yearn the Sun. The "rain:, 14"e'.11ill'Unt pioce e d f rom the want of he'll ,ter tlllattcr; h I Cl 4ec atise the greater the heat, the intitt• lie itre the 'exhalation o f t h e sea, fi' i" , it” , iiihtning last Alay J one q 441 11 t/tll.e.i'Ye:lA e' it. the same months i for fre t-1,'614111 . g asunder diScharget at ()nee the air is saturated, I ° 4 " ••• end very warm wrath' LOLI ler ensues. ----...„1-11,1()LOCil CA L JOUItNAL. ........„ 4 1 ,,.. 'Weather. • .... :i . '.: •• r 4 r t ; 4 P ; ,•:, * 4 -4 • '•,,, .4 N t 4 . 4 = 10 i, t) '... !,1 ?. h5. , i a ..- 41,1, , , 4 ::: L" . ,• 1 7 L I 14 ' l 'l4l' is ' llici — tvs' 14 4 ,) 44 4 ,,' 3 9 24.05 .83 Ilain Fair ' l / 1 1 :l 42 —., :. I f l 20.14 Cloudy Do. 11 43 ' 41 ''" 49 .14 Fair Fair li ' 41 0 - I Q 4 : 144 24.9 u ' .05 (1414 CloollY i .';tit' Fail il l 'l7 i ( 2 / 44 .90 ..)5 Rain 1. 11,11,11 .9ti .01 Do. Vv. . 01 ............ tte /P i llY it.-- '" n. D. • VSTV,It • II TIiIINNY II 7 .------ ) • -, of GLOUC- . . ef). IP i IlliCeiS SOPHIA I leo '• ' l 4l , or , nir(Y l till WIIII li i h , tissitit, and a ReleCt I ....R. (,) t. ullhe I 0 1 • of 01;°""i ' H 11-I) -I) Il i , • fill) oe less all(1 A p(),,ni. 'Nay the 801 l of Livnitru"l'ii led with thti,, i)(1441 Vllt.nlitit CAsTtetteaoll. '' 1-,,rinetss ttiAitt, ''Y'd an,l serene Highnesses 'I. seal, Cliit4,llllll 41111 Prince Le.ot.oLn, et. the'r They so o , Ittii)ll '. Mitre they p;4sed the night. 1N,,(1,,, tt° loWn yestrrdity t.., a ' -91404'1'1 butte Ntcnouot _ . intends visiting w e , tin the cours e of !teat Week _ 8 h. been irltlitp:,l"lrY to state that Lord HILL -„, 1 '''riei - ' 1 ' 1 1 ; hilt aecortling to the last accounts )on 111 ; I ' ll ' ii ;14;wk%14e, which left his Lords"' 1 re- It 11 a - R.I. Ile was, coovaleseent. m imment 1, 01 Hie ,-,l.lgis determined, th at the --m Lord '114:1,),,,-4t'l4Y nr Nerfolk, to the toelltnrY of . Ve st " 8 , 1 4 tie erevtedi at vitrinouth and the 114 k, ti e th il litY, at the ohs Bailey, //elver. et , _ ti 1 ( 1 t1, 4 ,, " mitt! Id who hail been acquit! ' ° ~Itt,ltl*"'t Itfintitted to bvil. .411,41' A'.". 22 --The snisit 1414.1tr::)' 11114 kit ig 130W' about to be regulateti of tumult having . (..,41, 4 ,c fire %,,,t,lO f )4)iiec. • ~,, .0(104,41. ; I) 1 .. ~,,,1,8 were A '1114,11 ~ , It: rof .coimtry in " which ea"- ', l k 11,, . "Ythlf,tte.ctrarottis of rent, ~.i. vie I.ltverll4.l ororto nouch dithi„ge ensuc.:. lot,ty:4l. fir 1,,,i,e :heiii.t-i have been 1:44,11:1'4,9f Wltiely, ...near 1.41 n deltie t was ‘vll° se): earn ), l itroi 1,.`,1' The fresh in Swatt sets river wit far kvcrhi ;-41 the fervy-hent 0 41 1, 1 not cross i t e ikt, 141 49 • k b I , 1- I y hitiltired? ti...r,, 5,, 4, 1 14 11,. ' I) on otarKet 4 ( Ik Y. tit `le lorytnleti going to tk.e tow"' - all - . • ..Dtg.,/,,,, k. ,4,";11M.--- -Mr. JAitts, -tile Peties,tria„d ,ikrtzt'••ttculy i t , izo 20 m il e , it, 0,1,0 hulls S id 44titl". iiht 101)ittod WA% 11 : 01 514%.ettl cling al ii °' l ie Ohl oine miles and A hail "I cite ° ibtn , isi. ,''11(1 Whit tisk, the otrOcli •4wit4F- I, 41toto r! er 'ttd " •'-'tql • V o n 'tenure-it 14 '• who has P ~ .. site", -, . 1" 'lt'Purlant.; serfices ro his comitil.n" ttio liti:'"l *ea borien on Omit', with ne"iciti pots lute „till. )11,14'44V boinakira. 'Tire hotly O. the , ' L eo lt e;!s.l-rrnY,l-aviizig tietto embalmed, hai ue k s Tli e ' 716%1,...,114es in..ll,,tain. d m , of STEIN bee (1 4 :': ',"'tter of St. Cativetine of Russia* been honoure its ,4:411".1114a'i the hilt mei,'" of the 94th Re l'i'',' 1 /ON ttl into t he net% Barracks, Ktikennifj 1 .4. :1' Iltnelltal hospital has beer, there for.so t n6 nearly 4 1;1' 'l'l, 00 whole o f the ulldinsvitire oh a 1.41‘ TO Tin: PROPRIETORS OF INDIA STOCK., The 'present Situation of the iiiiash ttnpire aementlS parricidal. attendOn to all its dePetidee and calls opon you, therefore', to exercise the soundest caution and prudence in your chOiCe.(if it CamHoare a for • the Vacancy. in the Directi on. ; GemlentenivitO now solicit y Our sutTrages hate each solid pretensions to your. frivolo., lam .known to either of them, and hiltiress 'you trout motives of regard to a property in which I have as deep a stake, as an indiVideal, as you have as a general body. One of the Catitlidates is sup porte-d isy the powerful recominendatirifi of .the Maryils WELLESLET,-,whose recoMutentlailouis anti: led to the highest respect as well fronoloal knowledge and experience, as from abililies tit the most dis(ingnished cast. The reasons uhich the Noble Lord gives in Sqpptlrt of Lu . :ttsnws.• must he supposed to result from colt Viet 101! , anti , not front partiality to that Gentleinau. Hence - we may infer that Mr. LUMIORN likewise pos- • "'SI'S all the advantages that are connected with Vocal knowledge and experience. But .on the other hand it has always been admitted, that know ledge and experience of another kind are retpsi site in a Canadate. You have a Committee of SutPei NG, and the concerns which come within their range of observation are in the present ma-• ritinte state of your interests of veiy high, if not Of jai importaece. There are several mem bers of your Direction svho are meo Of great ta lents, and who have the advautage of local know ledge and experience as well as Mr. Lt3stsotts:, though they may not have occupier) - stations equally high in your service, or have been la soureil with equal confidence by their superiors abroad. Rut you are not equally supplied with members. who possess such knowledge, of your Shipping concerns as the vast and extensive nu ture of those concerns seems to reunite. Your Direction shorild, if possible, consist of such a hotly of Men as individually possess such talents and such information es mey enable that body to have the advantage of peculiar knowledge, and of talents exactly fitted for the situation. You can not but admit that in point of nautical knowledge and experience, you arc .not so well supplied a 3 you are with men of general intelligence and abi lity. It therefore becomes your, tat this inlet est ing and important crisis, to be as scrupulous as possible in the investigation of the powers w and qualifications of the respective Candidates, with a reference to. the whole system of yam. sitrairs, which are now essentially blended with the ge neral interests as well as with the character of the Etopire at large. Al OLD PROPRIETOR. Jerusalem COW-House, Jan. 24. Tilt GRAND MIKE NICHOLAS. -.l',estertlay morning, after breakfast , O w G rand Duke NtcttocAs, with his suite, went in two car riages to St. Paul's Cathedral where they arrived about a quarter past 11 o'clock. They entered by the 31,?lItil door, and walked in the large open yet , towards the west door: no previous notice having been sent of the intended visit °Elbe Gr and Duke, none of the Clergymen, or Gentlemen of the Choir. were in atteudimet to receive his Im perial Highness but on its being ascertained ttlto th e y were, Mr. Lingerd,.. the Verger, went to them, and paid every a•tention ; he etinduefed them into the Choir, and explained 16 his li.pe• vial highness the mode of conducting Divine Woe ship there, &c. Mr. Bradley, who was brought ujs in the Choir, happ e ning to he present, pre sided at the Organ„ and played the Grand !lane lojalL Chorus from the Sacred Oratorio of the Messiah,. with which his Imperial Highness ap peered highly delighted. The Grand Duke and suite theu proceeded up stairs to the Whispering! CiAlery. rial flightless afterwards went to the Mensiou llous'e, and was received by the Lord Mayor, who conducted him over the lioute. Front thence he proceeded tolittildh , d l , where the City Officers attended his Imperial Highness, and conducted him over the different Courts. The Grand Duke went from thence to the Bank, where the Directors, the Secretary; &c. were in waiting to receive him, and coodneted hint over the nu merous Offices. The Grand Duke returoed to St. Alban's-house, and rode out nn horseback after taking a short ride, he returned, twine to dinner. In the evening his Imperial Highness honoured the Count and Countess Lieveu with his company, ivho had a party to meet Wm, it 'attic house in Ilarley-street. A Committee of honkers meet daily, for the purpose of forwarding. the views of Government in their present object, for the exchange of the Silver,Coinage. , M far as concerns the metro polis, twenty-six stations, in various. parts of the town, have been agreed to. At these several points, shops, or other convenient places, are to be'takin Mt the occasion, at the public expellee ; and the bankers-are to find an inspector for each station. All kinds of silver are to be token which can hy any means be identified to be the current coin of the realm. On Thursday, the Committee made application to the Common Council,, for the use of Cinildhall, as the central station for the City, and their wishes have been acceded to. Other stations ore fixed in Spitalfields, Shore ditch, Mile.end way, . City-road, two in Holborn, riVo in Oxford-road,. Hyde-park•cortier, Btrapii, Westminster, and the remainder. at regular disc taneea over the various populous divisions ut the rows, and its - environs. , 'eke following appointments bare taken place, Occasioned by the death of Doctor DutortN.ol, M. I'.:---the Rev. Wm: Smith tobeVicar General of Elphin i' Doctor Itadeliffe to - be Vicar General of the A rehilioceees of Cashel , Arm,agh, and Dub lin ; and Chaniberlain William Walker, Esq. to he Vicar General of ,Leighlin .and Ferni.: . On Friday sc'ffilight•t.ta ratan were transmitted, _under a strong' military escort, from tile. ll:irony of Enniillimeo to !Afford guol, Comm il led by Ma. • jor D'Aucy, five of ..them c harged with aributai?.- tering wolawful • ottliii and five far conspiring to commit murder. Thirrsday night's portable writtitg det4t, eon twit .Ing ivwcilery, 'plate,' awl witty valuable or -1 Aielirs, to the amain of SOM. was stolen out of the dwelling house of Mr. .Alexander Mitchell, 'N'o,. 2. rowires-buildings, Tower-stFett. ' -• ' 'CO\E'LIkiNTS Or Di TRESS. Ai we have had O . ticaslon to kiio;v thht Dr • S'roboatt - r's a rticle in Therorrespoirdent' has at t'ra'cted particular attention in quarters where • ke hest informatiOti prevails in 'respect to such aid). jeets, %ve•with pleasure resume our . eittracti from that pet formanee, 0:11. Iteadvs Brill leineiriber, that the passages cited in our Paper of the 16th related ta e'rt 41. seci - delital and 4emporary cankesj of embarrassment, such as the' alarm produced aitoptg the agtieulturd interest -by the importa tioti itreMiririlsl4, autl . the ekceSslve specula ,, ift es. , :nmereial etpo.'tt doting that and the tollo.shlg year . . To altese the %Yr - irer adds thiA, natiVly, the te3sation War-(Armand, :which, in the year just terminated, peodifeed it di minution Of expenditure, in die three. services (army, miry, and ordnance), as compared with ' ISI4, of not less thanliZ millions sterling. Af ter stating these fats CV itlrclearness And accuracy, he thus proceeds :-- causes of embarrassment Which' I hav'e hitherto mentioned May be 'said to be accidental or temporary. I come to others more ra,lically ihherea in our system. Of these, one Which hat hit , hcriu *eat Wile ittverted to results IMO th very nature of mechanical imprtivernent: The first effect of machinery is to displace a certain quantity of manual labour ; but as it at the same time produces the manufactured article cheaper, it extends the demand, and thus not only re-ab sorbs the labour before displaced, but occupies an additional, number of hands, in producing a fresh supply ; until at length the demand ceasing to enlarge itself, while the machinery is still going on, t mann facturer becomes averlmrthened with, his stock and is lorce(I to suspend his undertak ings., leaving the workman to find support as he cart. In this country an immense capital * had been invested in machinery ; the owners were very unwilling to put an, entire Stop to their opera tions ; .and.manyof them continued to work at a loss, rather than to inetir a ruinous destruction of their IlUiChillefy by flistoe. " This evil was the more fatal where the fowl• dation of the building, if I may so speak, was in secnre—wheresanguinespirits bad been prompted, by the facility of oh t 4„ credit, to erect cotton mills, without a reasonable prospect of stile ; to dig mines which could not pay for wot king, awl to throw away money on the cultivation of moors which mild penduce nothing but kiting crops. It w . a% ‘ , 4irso still, where a temporary success had erieiptraged tlu, projectors to belitse that their. gains would be perpetual ; had jostified them, they thought, in living op to the, hounds of on income in its nature temporary ; and had ena bled them to obtain unlimited credit front their monied neighbours, dazzle" like themselves by t h e golden prospects which imagination. described and cre dulity listened to. ,‘ Where the operative manager of a great con cern findi enough to do in the production of his c ommodities, he is easily perstcoled to employ a middle ratan, who offers to take upon hiMself the tronbk ot finding a market for their disposal.— In this manner arose the great commission houses of :1 4 amdtgo,, sthi_ch drew to themselves vast quart thiesOf all„kitids of prOdocts, gave a mimtentary stimulus to the country trade, occasioned a rise of wages •to the workmen, and coded, in top many instances, by ruining both themselves and their employers. . " A failure iu.the usual employments of indus try thrOws the supertlaons hands out of work, an d dh n inishes the wages of those who are etiti tinuFd in employ. These evils form our greatest immediate pressure at the present moment : and they are !weighty, in proportion to the rapidity With which We had previously, advanced in po pulation. They are aggravnted, in England and Wales, by the ()iteration of the . Poor Laws, which : itave tended to increase the nunbcrs, with out improving themorwls. of that elms of society ; and they are augmented, throughout the United Kingdom, by the oil corns( anee, that so large a port of the army awl diary has bean disbanded at the very Moment when tbcre hits was a f a lling off in Our aivieulture andmanufuthrea. .The num . bens of .men who arc able and willitati to work, but can find no employment, must produce tiarge increase of pauperism, meudieity, , and Vagrattey w hile t he; higher and middle. rvtlts, ; beittg strait. :ened in their eircumatances, cannot afford. that eharitable 'relief . 10;6 is prompted by' theit in- ekinations., 44 Add to this, that the war has made a large at l i lit ion t lie 11110)11110 soriu ty w hich, , *II. sod), stihsist Ml the talmetr of o thi4s. The persons to :whom I n llucie , ate -stockholders, - and pensionl4l Of v arforti sorts, including the orphans, widows, anti relatives of men, who have fallen in the holiest of . collies, or employed the lAbour, of their lives in' the service' of their country. The wealth, tlie talents, t'he Mood, Which have Itert deVetted to our yiresertron; coostitOte sacred debts, which we most pay. Tlie nati.otal honour is 'no pure to hesitate at their discharge, in full; Gat still theitiMist be reckoned among the bur thens which ithpette 'is, in Struggiing 'with our prisent " In a healthy order 'Of things, while the po pulation Meets the laborir, the labour is kept in Mot ion by tan ittlVtittifte callitiii, circidating within the ItingdoM ; besides which there is a reserve tund, far supplying the inevitable .necessities 'each rlass of and thOse an the Itittlic are balanced by tholle wha live on the past. But with ii', at piesent, this sitintary distribution of pinfterty is deranged in various ways. I babe already spoken of the internal derangement ; be sides which, large . payments hive been in ide, out of the 'country, to foreign stockholders. It would appear froth the accounts of exemption's under the Property tloit *above tivo Milhous sterling must haye been thus paid in the year 1814 for the dividends exempted in .1813 amounted .to G 97 austve . ring, at 5 per cent.,.l6 .t citllital of 13,941,5201., and in 1814 only'to answering to a capital of 12,535,560f.`; conte gnently in the ,Mtter year a money-capiial of -1,405 Mar/. must have been sold out, which added to the dividend of 18 : 14, makes. 2,032,738'.!." The mots reinitte'o travelr•s: , lineot may, think. be modyritiely estimated at three millions sterlVig, anriug the -twelvemonth immediately succeeding your Monareb's second restoration. Your Grace: will probably ask,, how it is potsible to reconcile a drain of 'Wye millions sterling, in Money, with ai course of exchanges() favourable to Erfglandits has fur some time past existed: 1 can only answer by referring you to what I have stated of the anroUnt of ohr exports to mark'efs airCadSr'gintted. In those markets British mutintacture's have been sold so roiV, as to tempt even poverty to 'purchase ; whilst, our cm,. barrAssnients ut home having greatly lessened Our imports, the halauee of Commercial payments 'IRS been mitre than those tire millions in our favour; and it is upon that balance. that the, cOrnie of ex change hinges, as a practie,ll maw* very clearly stated to our Mullion Committee ifs 1810, although he w'as not so fortunate as to obtain their assent to the proposition.t • " It must not be forgotten, that the evil effects of all 014 causes of distre, , ,s, to which 1 halve varied, is extremely aggravated by the StAte 01 moral and political feeling, which the war has nourished. tVar iv au unnatural state for nations, a 4 it is for holialOals; It diVtlrts attentitm front domes , ie to fineign In our case, h has oc casioned a releowi police, and an alartning pro gression of crimes ; anal beside, it hits Iva the revolts( ioutiry leaven Still sulpii+tint, and rashly to fermunt, at every moment. There is a party in England, as there is in every other part of Ku rope, which will never pardon the re-estahlisii ment of lakVfol government in France ; because Mutt event is incompatible with the reptitation and •power, whi c h they till hope to enitry, by the tri umph of revolutionary principles.", IV rite iigontoe MM. which diStingitist;o. the ttatiek in rhe CurrezPolottol, out the meam of eradicanog toentlicity, denote, as we have every reason to believe, tlo.: MATIIIEv ate NioSrmonENeY, L do well tioown in Park for the Wad which he takes in the prontotiun and direction of many eliAritable • " Mr. Greffulhe. t " The committee, on : the contrary, alopte l a thrnretic,il principle„which it would he ditheult to reconcile With 'the recent exchanges. Then• Words are, That the difference of . ' exchange resulting front the state of trade and rayments he ' tweet two countries, iS limited by the extience of Cutlveyilic and inswing the precious metals frot►t one country to aim ' titer.'---' The truth of this position,' say URI, is so plain, ' and it is so uniformly agreed to by all the practical autho rities, that your committee will 'assume it a$ indisputable:— N . ow the pound note hats fur a long time past proditeed England:: ;Mil 2-30 tokens, intrinsically worth, in French silver, (1.4 francs; and yet the exchange has hecit as high as ia trams: liec it would follow, on the indisputable win eiples of the Bullion Committee, that the espcnce of convey ing mid inswing 19i francs from Calais to Du►zr was • six francs and a half, or above :la' per cent. !!!" Two Otllces are opened for the pnblication, of '' The Literary Oazette, itod Journal of the Belles Lettres," oiie ut 159, Strand, the 'other ac 50, Conduit-street. The First Number published Oda Day colt aitii; 'tinning other articles " August:in Writers and Edinburgh Reviewers, ti Deft:live of the Classic Age of English tore. Plan of a Litet'ary Com2ress fur the lot erovement of Science and Civilization, by :he AbI , C Gregoire, with Observations by air Charles Morgan. Letters from London (Sat Tra. s'els of the Prioress of ‘Vales—Oeulogical Tour Of Leopold You Batch Itichter'lTravels 14typt. itdd Nnbia—Vrogress of Literature in the United States --Reviews of FrankliO's Cot respondence—. aod Narrative tat Residence in lirlgium, with a Visit- to the Fief(' of Wsterluo—Correspotidence of David Home, with the Countess tie llonflikets relative to his history, and that of Robertson, Ilioghiphical Memoir ot the late Captain 'fuckey - , -Aneedotes of Lull! John Townshend, ete.—Original Porry—Essayson the DIAIII4, Fine Arts,. dec. &c." DAII1X1; 13vu0t.4ttv.4,-11n Saul ay evening, as Mrs. 11,01asti, ttt Viarrlot.vreet, Meeklenhnegh. S(VIA' W 44 to l!Cr daught•r, there per illeir appearance and demanded their money they ran up stairs, and u I , lc followed by th e it s iceres; Their safety win promised on their remaining quiet, end stating wheiv 'the property could he found. The t4lithell theu rattocked 'he hou.e, and tnA away 271. in not Mr 4. H. 'foul reteieed “2 it dividend IirsZAVCO4, portable articles to tile alitoutit of about 1144. This robbery wut effected doting chapel 'hike between 4i'Vt'n unil eight o ' clock ; t he thieves got in at the hack kitchen window, and they , ftioened the la. eonAlsti t ig of Airs. ii. her daughter, atilt servant-maid, in an upper room before they left ,the house.