The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1833-11-05 00:00:00

NOVEMBER 5, 1833 AMERICAN PAPERS. The Majestic, Captain Smith, arrived here yesterday from Charleston, aftei an unusually short passage of •21, days. She brings Papers down to the 11th October, and !haa a cargo of 1,230 bales of Cotton. The news which she brings that we con sider best worth extracting at the present moment, is the foi -1 • °lcusg semi-weekly report of the market, taken from the Charleston Courier of Thursday, the 10th October : CorroN.--On Monday and Tuesday a very brisk inquiry existed for this article, and sales to a considerable extent were trade (amounting, we believe, tty about 3,000 bales,) at from 164 to 17i cents, a large proportion at 17 4 4 . For one fine lot of 20 0 hales 17i was offered and refused. Yesterday the market was quiet, and very few, if any purchasers could be found at the rates of the two preceding days. There is, however, but a small stock on sale. FinI —For thi s s t ap l e, a l so, there was a good demand, du- M g the first two days of this week, and several hundred tierces dolla were disposed of, one or two l o t s o f w hi c h so ld as hi g h as 31 prs; and yesterday, since the arrival of the steam-boat, retty large sales w ere e ff ecte d at f u ll pr i ces. Fi fty hhd s. N ew rleans Sugar sold at auction on Monday at 10 dollars; and on Tuesday 88 hhds. fine Porto Rico, also at auction, at 94- to 1 0 • dollars on time ; and 10 hhd s. N ew O r l eans, b y pr i vate sa l e a t cent slO dollars. A lot of ca s k s T ene riffe Wine soldyesterday at 70 ._ . . T6e i • • 11-judged measure of removing the deposits from th e Y Bank, has already had an injurious effect upon business athis city. - The Branch her e h as fi xe d th e • rate of exchange the north at j per- cent. discount, in a dditi on t o th e B an k discount, for time and travelling time, which will have the • •effect of embarrassing negociations , and d e p rec i a ti ng th e pr i ce •• of produc e . Th e limiting-of issues by the U. S. Bank, will, of • coarse, have a corresponding effect on all local institutions. *lii[Lit MARKET, OCT. I.7—COTTON.—Our commerci a l y e ar closed last evening with a stock of Cottoti•on hand of 139 bls. The am ount o f t h e year ' s receipts is 129,366 bales and of the . . s cPorts fo re i gn an d coastw i se 129,314. The difference between • the receipts and exports is only-52 bales, and to this the stock o n hand 30th September, 1832, and we have the stock with • : w hich we commence the present season. _ In regard to the mar ket, so little of the new crop has come to hand that it is im possible to give a difinite idea of its value;—some choice lots are held at 18e. while 16e. is the best offer that has becu ob-. "lined, The .general impression is, that th e crop o f S ou th Alabata a this year will be somewhat larger than that of the last • season- but our informati o n o n thi s su bj ec t i s somew h at con ▪ tradictory, and we must defer an estimate, at least till our next reveiw. • . - Ex PoliT OE COTTON FROM THE UNITED STATES COMMEN CMG' IST OCTOBER, 1832. If . G. Britain. Continent. Total. • • Sept. 30. 77,201 . 21,715 - 101.916 .Ne.w Orleans Sept. 14. . 225 667 85 883 311,550 Savannah, Sept. 9 ...131,899 26,279 158,178 Charleston Sept. 21. 116,525 47,452 ' 163,977 V' • • • .13,007 5,473 - 18,480 New York, S e pt. 14.. 45,708 31,700 80,408 'Other Ports Total to foreign ports 612,907 226,328 839,235 NEw ORLEANS, SEPT.• 26.—NEW COTTON.—Favourable as the season.was, morenf the new crop has already arrived by the r i ver and lakes, than we _could have anticipated, in our Present c i rcumstances. We hid" the pleasure, yesterday after . noon, of seeing a schooner so laden arrive at the Basin. Low 4 2 are the -waters, and the spirits of our citizens, most ofwhoni are In:Au-fling the loss of friends or partners dear," this sight cheering. For, briskness and activity give an idea of busi . ir , e34-- tbey are business, and thus is the life of man the soul of In less than five weeks from this date*,. New Orleans • will doubtless t ransac t- a l arger proportion of business than she - ever did before at any corresponding season. Even in October, I nliob will be don e; th e e pid em i c is now mild, easily managed, • a nd " a man who allows himself to die of it, throws his life away,...vANNAll MARKET, Oct. s,—CorroN.--In Uplands the sales of the wee k w i ll not exceed 1000 bales, (all new,) all from 151 ; the latter price was obtained yesterday for a choice lot of ab ou t 140 square bales. Freights—to Liverpool id.. have - been paid, to New York, last enagements, 1 dollar per bale.— eorgian. - AUGUSTA MARKET, Oci. 4.—Cotton sold ou Wednesday and Thursday at 16 and 16 1 , 2 for square bales. To-day it is Hardly as Mitch in demand. We quote it at 15 to 16 for choice. lireights—to Savannah 1 dollar; to Charleston, 1 dollar 50 • - oeiats. Riveris getting low again.—Courier. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. Since our last the betting upon the events of next season has not been brisk; but it will be seen by our prices quoted below, that, several imp or t an t a lt era ti ons on the Derby have taken Pace- Plenipo appears to be getting much into favour, and rem 25 and :1) to 1 he has improved so far as to fiud takers at 12 tt to 1 . Bentley - , from his excellent performances last week at the --oughton Meeting, has also risen in estimation, and is now at 7_l- to 1. The Newmarket last October Meeting terminated on Friday, and the same time the racing season concluded; there was a large attendance of fashionables, and the sports were of a fi rs t-rate character. The result of each contest is by this time familiar to every sportsman, consequently, it is unne cessary to encumber our pages with a return list. Our Lance ' Shiro admirers of the sports of the field are getting up a splendid t ursin g cup to be coursed for by dogs, over the'grounds of Lord olyneux, t o come off in the course of a few weeks. On Wed nesday next, a grand coursing match, for 100 guineas, iito take place on the grounds of the - Duke of Devonshire, at Chatsworth. rhe favourites are, Rowton, Venture, Spring, Major, and Snap : the four former are taken against the field. The following is the latest state of the odds THIC DERBY.-15 to 2to agst Bubastes, (taken); Bto 1 agst ntleY; (t); 12 to 1 agst Plenipo, (t) ; '2O to 1 agst Chifney."s, co elt; 20 to 1 agst Emigrant; 30 to 1 agst Bequest, (t) ; 30 to 1 agst Victor ;3Jto 1 as st Brother to Kate. THE Oaks.---7 to I"agst Cotillon, (t) Bto 1 agst Rosalie ; to I agst Amaden, (t) ; 25 to 1 agst Mustard, (t). FIELD SPORTS, ANCIENT AND MODERN. No. 11. ( Written eapressly fur the Liverpool Standard.) Let not the FOX-HUNTER, whose true joy is when - . • •• The hounds shall make the welkin answer them, - And fetch, shrill echoes from the hollow earth," . , 'imagine that, by dedicating - our opening paper to the treatise of Amen, we doubted the superiority of hit pursuit over the other broaches of the chase. All " good men and true" agree that the case admits of no comparison. What ! abandon our red "et, top boots, and leather breeches ! Perish the thought !-- Long live the fox, whose pre-eminence we hasten to acknow ledge in our own well-known and far-heard view halloo! Yet we • ' a uto, nevertheless, remind the spoitsman, that "the thunder of the chase ?.which marks the fox-hunter's peculiar occupation in the field, never pealed upoii the delighted ear of the son of G rYlios nor on thatof the Faliscian,t and was equally unknown our c e lebrated courser, the younger Xenophon." And such, moreover, is the confusion o f th e no menclature of the sporting dogs of antiquity,—for •• Hounds and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs, - • " Shoughs, w a t er - rugs , an d d emi - wo l ve s, are classe d " All by the name of dogs"— ' Ll l, to particularize th e i r respective attributes in warfare or the chas e , or t h e economy of rural life, or to record "their names and qualities," is next to impracticable. True it is, that t he. hound o f S parta and the stolen fox of Lacon i an ce l e b r i ty demonstrat e the bare possibility of a Lacedemonian fox-hunt; Yet. by learned commentators' who have favoured us with their • xpositions of the ancients, we find the " Veloces Sparta Ca tub" are termed " Liwriers"—Anglice greyhounds ,• and thus, stt first alludingto the pastime of the leash; not only have we escaped the guilt of an auacronism, but stand also acquitted of • all undue preference. • Per the sake, however, of a further illustration of our sub ject, and of supplying at the same time an omission in our first . paper, it may be as well that we briefly touch upon " the science 4 .. 11 (1 practice o f th e chase," as recorded by Xenophon and Gra tius, the writers who preceded Arrian. The summary of . e noplion's Cynegeticus is thus stated by Arrian• s .rl has pointed out the similitude between cvnegetical and 71141itary science, and the age, constitution, and frame of mind 'that ey.pecially qualify fur entering on the chase;—has given a vedescription ot purse-nets, hayes, and road-nets, such as are ne • thasat ry to be prepared 7 -the mode of fixing snares for animals , may be entrapped—the natural history of hares, their food, ailaunts, forms, and. the methods of searching for them—what jlias are c l ever at scenting, and what faulty—how, by, their pe and wark, each may be. ascertained. S o me few re . s are also left by him on the boar-hunt, the stag, bear, and arrntagem chases -.--how these animals may be taken by cunning and With the Cynegeticus of Gratius, ("qui Augusto .." a 'll e e.fiereit," we are less conversant, and must refer our , st Ira to A twin of Hunting, by Gratius, the Faliscian. jg !shed and Illustrated by Christopher Wase, Gent., London, in corroboration of our assertion , that, although we may la Latin be permitted— " Imbelles figere damns, " Audaces ye lupos, vulpem aut eaptare dolosam le t have We no authority for killing our foxes in Greek. Raring thu s es tabli s h e d our r i g h t to procee d un i nterrup t e dl y in , the ex pos i tion of Arrian's manual, we propose shortly to no its bibliographical history, and afterwards to close our ob servations with a few particulars of the author's life; reserving, 1 " w ue hav e already intimated, for future notices, the valuable tter so muc h to t h e purpose of the real courser, wh i ch i s con neti in his Enchiiidion • 4. • . The Cynegeticus was originally written by Arrian, in int* rtlon of Xenophon's Treatise de Venetic:me, to supply . the 4ticlunm of that work iu the particular department of coursing. libre manuscript seems to have been neglected in the Vatican ary for several years after it had been first discoveretl, in consequence of its bearing the name of Xeuophon; for the per- Pone Who accidentally met with it, not being aware of Arrian's assumption of that tale, took no pains to examine it." After a recapitulation of the Paris, Amsterdam, and Oxford editions, " The G ra d uate " cr i t i cises Mr. Blane ' s vers i on, as i n parts inaccurately executed, and omitting numero us s entences " wh ere h e professes to translate, and whole chapters in se quence, where we can see no reason for omission." Independ ently of the "G raduate's " version, no complete translation into English of the work exists, and no prior attempt to translate it seems to have been made, with the exception of Mr. Blane's ; : 1 ? ,1 of " such fragments as have been made to speak English, On ttorsine emergency o li a n of a periodical publication needing an article on K; or a lit erary sportsman wishing to enliven his cons ications by a reference to the manual, and quoting it in his ;134yours tongue." Relative to the personal history of the 11bgekr Xenophon, antiquity is almost silent. He was a citi - ° L of Athens and Rome, and born pi obably at Nicomedia, 11 . 1 the there seeras of of Domitian. 'Between Hadrian and our author to have beeu a_strong similarity of taste. The Em reek _nd etor, like his prefect, was not only intimately conversant with Latin literature, but also passionately fond of the in g t • such a height did he carry Lis regard, ihat, accord lov4,4>iphilia, he graced a monument to the memory of his be own nunte r'Borysthtines, with an inscription written by his to thril. 'Whether the similarity of Arrian's rural diversions to hi s se i " Adrian in early life, co-operated with other causes doubtf e i e . va tion by so capricious a patron must ever remain cut, suesc as we learn that the Emperor "venationensemper gladly'pticiparit," we may fairly suppose that he would frie n ,h av ail himself of the opportunity of adding to his personal an d courser spo rting of O r n e n ours a e tion of this by 's daY. " We know," observes the "Graduate," in pothesis, " how much the pleasure of in hop Iv .. is enhanced-by identity of pursuit, and how strong the ha ,; e onhich innocent amusements, shared with congenial friends, certainly affection s ;" and we, in the same social feeling, shall di ners . ..eel nothing loth, at any time, to make one at the jovial iprlrods vvhich some of our contemporary and neighbouring Srcett.accustomed to wind up. the morning's occupation. • The rtlder Xen o ' OR, f Oratius. Arriut; LIVERPOOL CORPORATION. Thomas Jefferson Hogg, and George Hutton Wilkinson, Esqrs, the commissioners appointed by his Majesty to inquire into the charters, management, &c. or the Liverpool Corpora tion, commenced their labours yesterday, in the Sessions-house. The inquiry did not draw a very numerous audience, consi dering the importance of the business, and the number of inha bitants who may be affected by it. At the time the commission ers. entered, (a quarter before eleven,) there were nut two hundred persons present.. The commissioners were accompa nied by the Mayor, and several gentlemen of the Corporation, and took their seats in the centre of the bench. John Wright, Esq , the Mayor, sat at their right hand, and we observed Al deruieu Sir beor g e Driukwater, Sir John Tobin, Lawrence, Bourne, and Case, present, at the commencement of the pro ceedings. Mr. WILKINSON read the commission, which set forth that the commissioners had the power of summoning before them the Sheriffs, Mayor, Bailiffs, Aldermen, Common Council-men, and others, to give evidence touching any matters connected with the Corporation, and to produce the charters,. titles, rolls, and other documents, by which the Corporation was constituted. The - proclamation being read, Mr. Ildbo, the other commissioner, rose, and addressing himself to the persons present, said;-that in the inquiry which was about to be .instituted there was no objection to an open court, but although persons were not prohibited from taking notes, the publication of the proceedings would be pro hibited, as had been the case at other places, iu the course of the commission of inquiry. The plan of proceeding in the inquiry would be first to examine upon oath all the of ficers of the Corporation fully upon every point connected with the constitutional rights and privileges of the Corpor4iuti,; after which they would take any Rerson's testimony who thought proper to give them any information respecting the constitution and proceedings of the corporate body. The aldermen and other officers of the Corporation would then be recalled, for the pur pose of r e-examination, and to explain any part of their evi dence previously given, if any misunderstanding should arise. That course had been pursued at other places, and he (the learned-commissioner) did• not see any reason for deviating from it. They would commence by taking the names, ages, and residences of the Corporation officers, when elected, &c., and commence with the Mayor first. The Town CLERK said that he had a list of the Corporation, with their names and residences, and if the court had no ob jection they would commence by seniority. • Alderman George Case was first upon the list ; he is an alder man, elected on the 4th of October, 1775, and resided in Liver pool, age 86. Alderman Peter Whitfield Brancker, was formerly a mer chant, elected 4th December, 1793, resides in Liverpool. Alderman Thomas Molineux, a county magistrate, residing at Newsharn House, within two miles . of Liverpool ; he was for merly a merchant, and was elected . the 3d of October, 1798, age 831 years. Alderman -Samuel StanifOrth resides at Everton, was for merly a Merchant, and elected the &I:of October; 1804, aged 64 years. . Alderman John Boirne, a magistrate of the - county, and for merly a merchant, elected 3d'of - May," 1809, resides in Liver pool. - Alderman Thomas Case, magistrate for the county, and a deputy lieutenant, merchant, has an office of business in Liver pool,-residence at. Summer Hill, Appointed to the council on the 3d of May, ISO 9, aged 56. • - • Thomas Corrie, Common Councilman, formerly a merchant, now the receiver of town dues, resides in Liverpool, appointed to the Councilodthe 3d July, 1811, aged 55. Alderman John Wright, the present mayor, a county magis trate; resides at Everton Crescent, elected to the Council on the 7th of April; 1813: Alderman Charles Lawrence is a magistrate of the county and a deputy-lieutenant, a raerchant, residing at Wavertree hall, within the borough, elected the sth May, 1813, aged 57. Alderman Nicholas Robinson, merchant, resides at Aighurth, between four and five miles" from Liverpool,, has esti office of business in the town,' and was elected to. the Common Council 4th January, 1815. Alderman. Sir George 'Drinkwater, resides in Liverpool, formerly a merchant, elected 4th of January, .1815, aged 53. Alderman Richard Leyland, a magistrate for the county, and a banker, resides' in Liverpool, elected 4th January, 1815. William Wallace Currie, a Common Councilman and ma gistrate for the county, a merchant and agent for an insurance office, resides in Toxteth-park, within the jurisdiction of the borough, has a place of business iu Liverpool, elected 4th Jan , 1815, aged 49. John Dean Case, a Common Councilman, formerly a mer chant, and now treasurer to the Corporation, elected 4th of. October, 1815, aged 47. Isaac Oldham Bold, Common Councilman, a merchant, re sides at Edge-hill, elected 3d of July, 1816, aged 48. William Earle, a Common Councilman and merchant, re sides in Liverpool, a county magistrate, elected 3d of Decem ber, 1817, aged 46. Alderman Sir John. Tobin, a merchant, resides at Oak-hill, but has a place of business in Liverpool, elected 2d September, -1818. Alderman Thomas Littledale, a merchant, has a place of business in Liverpool, but resides at Highfield-house, elected lit of March, 1820. John Shaw Leigh, a solicitor, Common Councilman, lives at Edge-lane-hall, out of the parliamentary borough, elected 3d of January, 1821, aged 42. Alderman Peter Bourne, merchant, a magistrate of the county, resides within the borough, elected 4th of April, 1821. James Clarke; Esq., recorder, elected 3d of October, 1831, a barrister of thirty years standing, resides at Lancaster. William Ripley, Common Councilman, not in business, for merly a Captain in the 52d regiment, elected sth of February, 182.3, age about 42. Alderman Sir . Thos. Brancker, a merchant, resides in Liver pool, elected the . sth .of November, 1823, age SU. Henry Moss, banker, in Liverpool, Common Councilman, aged 43, resides at Aigburth, elected 6th of October, 1823. John Ewart, merchant and broker, Common Councilman, lives at Mosley-hill, elected 7th of June, 1826, age 36. Samuel Thompson, banker, resides in Liverpool, elected the Ist of November, 1826, Common Councilman, age 66. Richard Houghton, Common Councilman, never in business, resides in Liverpool, and elected 7th of February, 1827. 4 Antho Moliuoux , merchant, resides in Liverpool, elected .6th of June, 1827, Common Councilman, aged 43. Thomas Shaw, resides in Liverpool, not in business, lives at Everton, elected• lit of August, 1827, age 38, Common Coun cilman. .Alderman Samuel Sandbich, Merchant, resides at Aigburth, but has an office in Liverpool, elected the sth of December, 1827, age 64. R. B. B. Hollingshead, merchant, resides at Deysbrook, has a place of business in Liverpool, elected" 2d of January, 1828, Age 40. Alderman Charles Horsfall, the late Mayor, merchant, in Liverpeol„ resides at Everton, elected the stii of August, 1829, age 58. Thomas Foster, attorney and town-clerk, age 42, Common Councilman, lives at Little Woolton, five miles from Liverpool, elected 3d of February, 1830. Henry Ashton, Common Councilman, merchant, resides in Lodge-lane, elected 7th of July, 18.30, age 38. James Aspinall, not in business, a Common Councilman, elected the 2d-of November, 1831, age 38. Robertson Gladstone, Common Councilman, merchant, re sides in Liverpool, elected the 4th of April, 1832, age 29. James Croshie, one of the present bailiffs, Common Council man, a. merchant, elected 2d of May, 1832, age 56. Ambrose Lace, Common Councilman, attorney, resides in Liverpool, elected the 7th of November, 1832, age 40. James Cockshott, Common Councilman, merchant, resides in Liverpool, age 48, elected 7th of November, 1832. James Pownall, Common Councilman, merchant, resides at Wavertree, elected. the 2d of January, 1833, age 42. Mr. FOSTER having given in the shove names and places of residence, stated that there was at present a vacan c y i n t h e Common Council by the death of Mr. Thomas Colley Porter; he then handed to, the commissioners a map and description of the limits and jurisdiction of the borough of Liverpool. Mr. Hogg,-the commissioner, then administered the oath . to Sir John Tobin, Alderman P. Bourne, Mr. James Pownall, Mr. C. Okell, Mr. Foster, Mr. Aspinall,.Mr. Case, Mr. D eane , Mr. Thompson, Mr. Shaw, Mr. John Sudlow, clerk in the trea surer's office,-and other gentlemen connected with the Corpora tion ; it was to the effect- - -That they should true answers give to the commissioners appointed by . virtue of a commission of inquiry into the Municipal Corporations of England and Wales, to all questions dthnanded of them touching the affairs of the Corporation of Liverpool. Mr. FosTen. then stated, in evidence, that the map and description handed to the commissioners was an accurate spe cifieation of the jurisdiction of the borough, included in which was a portion of Toxteth : park, and that it extended also over the Mersey. The boundaries of the borough were perambulated every year, about a week before the election of Mayor, which took place on the 18th of October; the limits were confined by act of parliament, and the boundaries had never been the subject of litigation. The act of parliament was 10th and 11th of William 111., chap. 36, entitled, an act to nuild a parish church, and to constitute Liverpool a parish of itself. An act of parliament, Bth of Queen Anne, for making a convenient dock for vessels coming into the port, gave the borough of Liverpool jurisdic- tion over the water, which extended to Hoylake, Warring- . ton, and Frodsham Bridges. The borough 'coroner s exerc i se d jurisdiction over the water, and the civil processes of the May or's court also extended over the water. The Ist of George 111., char.. 143, section 135, empowered the justices of the county of Lancaster and Chester, and the borough magistrates, to levy fines and inflict punishments for offences committed on the water. Mr. Foster then produced the charters of Liverpool, from which copies, signed. by himself, were presented to the commissioners; they were as follows :—The 9 h of John, dated the Bth of August, 1207; the 13th of H enr y 111., 1229 ; t h e 6 th of Edward 111., dated January, 1333; the sth of Richard 11., dated 1382; the Ist of Henry IV., dated 29th of May, 1400; the 24 and 3(1 Of Phillip and Mary, dated 4th of Jan., 1556; the 2d . Charles 1., .4th of July, 16`26; the let James 11., 4th of April, 1685 ; the 3d of William and Mary ; the Ist of Charles 11., (these three last are now abrogated;) the 7th of William 111., the present governing charter of the Cor poration, dated in 1695, and a copy of the same charter under the seal of the Duchy of Lancaster; the 25th George 11., dated the 26th of March, in that year; the Bth of George 111, dated 19th January, 1768, which constituted all the aldermen magistrates, they hiving previously filled the office of May or; th e Bth o f George IV., d il ated in April, 1828, which made the bailiffs for the time being coroners for the borough; the coroner under the old charters having been the Mayor of the year preceding. The Town-clerk then put in a document, not in the form of a charter, by which th e M a y ors o f Li verpool were constituted county ma- gistrates ; it wa s aiAwn up in the 12th of William 111. He then put in a list of the-magistrates of the borough, with the date of their respective appointments, and gave proof that the copy of the gov ern in g c h arter, presented to the -commissicmers, bad Y been carefully examined with the approved the translation . of the p rcharter.essioo3 ofThe following hieh he wasseiaol instructed t r were octe d t t o heft stoners, naraely, the seal of the Corporation,pr o o d r u t c h e e d c b o y m h m n o n i prepare for the comm s i e wl i o si of the borough ; the Mayor's seal h foorowers of attorney or other official documents; the t ;seal of t proceedings of the Court of Record Mayor oo and and th eß,ariol 'Town Clerk's f tI official seal. He (Mr: Foster) then ; declared the title of the' Corporation to be "The May of the town of Liverpool, in the Coour'n' t:r3oafilinneaanstder,Bouorgetrost the Corporation consisted, according to the governing charter, N Y . 1- I ° lo ll rn e of the Mayor, t wo Bailiffs—fort honest and discreet men, as Common C ounc il- men, f rom h c r t k h e; Commonan cl t two Council. Sub-bailiffs Besidess e n were to be chosen ; a Recorder the Mayor and Bailiffs learned in the law; a Town under the Corporation, a treasurer from among the burgesses, by set treasurer's here were,ele clerk and tild e as sistant clerk, whose salaries were paid by the Corporation; a general collector of rents; a su assistant draughtsm en; t hree rveyor; a principal and three under the Building Act, the survey under buildings, appointed Geo. IV., ca p. 75 ; a n ou t o f door assistant to the surVevor• , a clerk of committees ; a sword bearer; a sergeant-at-ma-ce • , a bi.let-master ; beadles ; bell man ; water-bailiff; a superi ntendent of the ' d ck • hraving o s , three market inspectors; a g superintendent of p o li ce; a iiioverirr of the b oroug h gao l ; a •iyo r s servant; a keeper of the town-hall; a market leave I k oo er • four turnke • )s to the borough gaol; a watchman for the l• gao , a deputy water-bailiff; a keeper of the bridewell •, housekeepers, &c. The town dues, e on he said, were .collected by M r . C orr i e, who received per. centag the amouitt ; the dues at Reucorn wo re s i m il ar l y seceivedb by Mr. Richard Jones. The Mayor was elected annually by the bur gesses, oii the 18th of October, being the feast of St. Luke and the charter day, the hustings being erected at th e town hall, and the business carried on in the presence of the Mayor and bailiffs for the preceding year. The candidates are put in nomination by burgesses; if more than one, a poll is grants& and the burgesses vote by tallies of ten. After the election of the Mayor that of the bailiffs takes place, under similar circumstances. The Mayor is sworn in as soon as elected. The polling has sometimes gone on for a week. There ' was a poll for the present Mayor, which was closed at half past thre s e on the charter day, because the're were no burgesses to poll. When it is not possible to finish pulling at 10 or 11 o'clock in the night of the first day, the polling is adjourned, and continued for eight. hours per day as l o ng as necessary. There were two candidates nominated at the last election, and the votes at the close of the poll were,—for Mr. Wright 339, for Mr. Bold 304.. There is seldom any polling for bailiffs. The Mayor exercises the privilege of appointing a deputy in his absence, or in case of sickness. The witness, after reading the minutes of the last election for Mayor and bailiffs, went on to say that the Mayor was a justice of th e p eac e for the borough and county, in virt ue o f his office; and was presiding officer at the quarter sessions and in the Common Council. He is also the returning officer for memb ers o f par liament. The only privilege he enjoys is that of nominating a free burgess, which he is enabled to do by th e courtesy of t h e Common Council, and makes tae nomination generally at the first Common Council after the expiration of his Mayoralty. .The form of oath taken by the Mayor was then read, which does not differ materially from that of other corporations. Examination continued. The Mayor has no peculiar right as to the nomination of officers. He has the usual magisterial power of dismissing officers for dereliction of duty. lie has no salary or emoluments. After his mayoralty has expired, it is usual for the Council to vote a sum of money to reimburse the Mayor for civic entertainments. It is now £1,200 per an num; at one time it was only £BOO. The deponent then read the resolution of the Council in November, 1832, giving thanks to the late Mayor, presenting £1,200 to him, and permitting him to nominate a free burgess, and a vote of thanks to the bailiffs. Expenses of a very heavy nature fall on the Mayor- Some Mayors entertain 40 or 50 gentlemen per week. This is optional, as is the vote of the Council. He has to make public donations, and has many private ones to bestow. — In every ease the expenditure ot the Mayor must exceed the amount voted by the Council. Mr. John Clarke, in 1810, received £BOO. The Mayor has no emolument.— The wine is provided by the Corporation, who also pro vide a carriage for the Mayor. The carriage has been kept for the Mayor since 1821. The bailiffs are elected from the Common Council. Common Conncilineu may vote for bailiffs as burgesses, as also for mayors. There was a poll for bailiffs in 1830. It did not continue beyond an hour. Mr. Foster then read the form of the oath taken by the bailiffs, by which it appeared that these functionaries exercise the duties of sheriffs. The recent charter made them coroners. Except ing an allowance for the billet master, who billets the soldiers, the bailiffs receive no salary or allowance. It is £4o7lser an num, and is only a portion of what the billet master is paid. lie has £lOO a year. The bailiffs, in virtue of their office, are elected churchwardens Of St. George's Church by the Com mon Council. As coroners they act along with the preceding Mayor. It is an onerous office, requiring almost daily attend ance for several hours. Any one of the three can act as co roner. The inquisitions average, at least, four a week. The county coroners do not act in the borough. - Dues not know that they cannot. A county magistrate's warrant extends to the borough. The pound allowed by the county on each in quest goes to the witness as coroner's clerk. The expenses of jurors, surgeons, witnesses, &c. on the inquisitions are paid by the corporation. The coroners appoint their own clerk. The expenses of inquests last year were £220155. The jurors have ls. each inquest, and the surgeon £l, unless the body be opened, when he 'has - £2. These expenses would fall on the township if not paid by the Corporation. The jurors must be free bur gesses. jurors in other townships are paid more than one shilling, and the surgeons are allowed mileage. The recorder is elected by the Common Council; he has power, witness believed, to appoint a deputy, in case of absence or sickness • he is expected to be . a d iscree t person, l earne d i n t h e law. The practice has been to elect barristers to the office of recorder for a long period—always since the charter providing for the election of recorder. The present recorder was elected in 1821; he had been deputy-recorder for some time previous. The recorder is elected for life, or during ability and good be. haviour; he is a magistrate by virtue of his office. The Court of Passages, for defended causes, is held quarterly. The last sessions occupied ten days, of which the Court of Passages required three. The calendar contained, for felony, besides misdemeanours, one hundred and twenty-nine prisoners, and there were eighty-one causes. The recorder is the assessor, in assistance of the Mayor; he is retained as such by courtesy. His salary is five hundred guineas per annum. At assizes, h e generally holds th e cor p ora ti on briefs. He generally holds briefs at the assizes, in criminal cases, as a matter of courtesy. A party may be made a Common Councilman and elected recorder at the same court. The duties of Town-clerk are, in that office, confined to the legal and parliamentary business of the Corporation. Witness read the terms of his appointment in August, 1832, as Town-clerk. Witness is clerk ot the Court of Passages, clerk of the peace, and clerk to the coroners. Mr. John Topham is clerk to the borough magistrates. Wit ness's predecessor had a salary of £5OO per annum, including business of an extra nature. fhe duties having been separated when witness was appointed, he receives but 100 guineas a-year, as common clerk. Of witness's fees as clerk of the court and clerk of - the peace, and for extra business he makes out an account, so that his income varies with the amount of business he has to transact. His allowance at the sessions, as clerk of the peace, is determined by a bill of costs, signed by the judges. He has no rent of offices to pay; and the stationery is found by the Corporation. He has a public office as town-clerk. Pays all his own establishment of clerks. It was a general impres sion that his predecessor's place was worth £5OOO a-year. Does not know what his own emoluments will average. Understands the salary of 100 guineas to be for the usual duties of common clerk. At present he pays between £6OO and £7OO a-year in salaries to clerks. Each magistrate has four weeks' duty in the year, in the daily business of the town, and nearly as many on the business at the Dock Police Office. Their attendance is regulated by a list. (Witness put in that of the present year.) The business of the town is full four hours 'a day; often it is much more. At the Dock Police Office an hour or 441 hour and a half will usually suffice. There were ninety-three cases for the present day. On Saturday and Friday forty-six. Thurs day there were sixty-th ree . O n Wednesday sixty-one. On Tuesday sixty-five. Ou Monday eighty-nine. The average per day is about seventy. The parish appeal s are about eighty or ninety a-week. There are many cases requiring the attendance of two magistrates, which is extra to the gene ral routine list ; such as assault cases, smuggling, &c. The magistrates have no salary or emolument whatever. At' the last meeting of the Common Council there were twenty-nine members present, and at the meeting before that there were thirty-two. The recorder is bound by an oath for the faith ful discharge of his duties; the oath read is the one taken by the recorder, and the other is taken by the town clerk; the re corder assisted the Mayor iu the legal business of the sessions; and it was the duty of the town clerk to record truly every thing connected with the corporation in the Mayor's time, and all warrants and other legal business were made out and trans acted by the town clerk. Mr. Foster here read the oath of the town clerk, and the Common Councilmen's oath, after which he resumed answering the questions of the commissioners. The meetings of the Common Councilmen are held the first Wednesday in every month, which is according to ancient cus tom. There was generally forty-eight hours notice given in summoning the council, (the commissioners here expressed a wish to see the form of a Common Council summons, when one was handed to them by a Common Councilman, who had re ceived it to meet the Mayor in Council, on Friday last, on the subj eet of the Corporation Commissioners Inquiry.) The Com mon Council attend upon committees. There must be twenty five members present at the committee according to the charter, otherwise the meeting is not legal. The notices a re , to attend at ten o'clock, and if at that time there are not 25 present the rest disperse. Every member of the Council is sub ject to serve upon committees. The principal committee is the Finance Committee. A gentleman, named John Taylor, h ere h anded a letter to the commissioners, containing some inform a ti on relative to the investigation; and Mr. Hogg having read it, repeated to the informaut what he had stated at the opening of the court, viz., that he should take the evidence of the corporate officers first, and then should be happy to receive information from any of the other inhabitants. Mr. Taylor said he should be ready to give the information he desired to do when the commissioners thought proper to receive it. Examination of the Toss-n -clerk resumed. — The management of the Corporation fund s i s investe d in the Select Finance Committee, of which all the aldermen are members. There are some members of the Finance Committee who are not aldermen ; witness is a member and not an alder man, so is Mr. S. Thompson, Mr. Corrie, and Mr. John Leigh : there are nineteen members altogether, exclusive of Mr. Thomas Colley Porter, deceased. There are other committee s framed from the Common Council, viz., the Improvement Committee, the Committee for Managing Schools, the Committee for In specting the Claims of Freemen, the Custom-house Committee, the Town Dues Committee, for the purpose of con d uct i ng the business at present in litigation regarding the town dues —the Audit committee, to audit fhe accounts of the treasurer —the East India committee, and the Disfranchisement com mittee. There are other committees often formed out of the body of the Council for occasional purposes. There is no emo lument attached to the committees. The sub-bailiffs of the borough are appointed annually by the Common Council to execute the processes of the court. The' sub-bailiffs have a sa lary of £2O per annum for assisting the bailiffs and 'summoning jurors, the summonses are directed to the sub-bailiffs and other constables of the borough; they are paid by the Corporation. The deputy Mayor is, appointed by power of att orne y un d er seal of the 'lSlayor ;_ he is sworn in the same as th e M a y or , an d he is appointed to do the duties of the Mayor in his absence; for instance, if the Mayor has occasion to go to London or else where, the deputy Mayor acts in his absence, but on the Mayor's return his (the deputy Mayor's) power ceases, and the docu ment by which he was appointed is destroyed. The Common Council appoints the sword bearer; the present one is Elias Jones • the salary of that officer has been raised seve ral times, and is now fixed at £2OO per annum. Elias Jones has been fifty-two years in the service of the Corporation, not all that time as sword bearer, but for about twenty two or twenty-three years he has been sword bearer. Before that time he was the Mayor's servant, and his salary was in creased to the present amount, partly in consequence of his giv ing up certain fees, which it was customary to give him on the admission of freemen, and partly as a reward for his long ser vices. Cannot tell what salary he had previously, but can as certain at what time the rise in the salary took place. At this stage of the inquiry the commissioners intimated that they should close their labours for the day, and resume them at ten o'clock this summing. DERIVATION OF THE WORD "BUMPER."—When the Ro mish religion was in the ascendant in England, the health of the Pope was usually drank in a full glass immediately after dinner—Au bon Pere,—hence the word Bumper." POLITICAL INFLUENCE OF THE FAIR SEX.—In a few years the finest kingdoms of Western Europe will he.under the go vernment of the fair sex, and they will rule the destinies of the numerous states, as well as thoie who compose them. A young princess, Donna Isabella the Second, 'aged three years, has al ready ascended the throne of Spain and the Indies, under the superintendence of her mamma and her aunt, Donna Charlotte: Donna Maria is established in Lisbon and Oporto, and when our own KinC shall, in the course of nature, cease to reign, the throne of the - British Isles will be filled by the Princess Victoria. In this manner not less than a hundred and fifty millions of the human race, in the four quarters of the globe, will bow to the fair sex, and the ladies may boast, like the former Kings of Spain and the present rulers of Britain, that the sun never sets on their dominions. It is impossible to help feeling something more than ordinary degree of interest in the three young Princesses, who seem likely, in a few years, to possess so large a share of power and influence, and on whose character so much depends. One of them, Donna Maria, has already . passed through a stormy career, and a car eer equa lly stormy is, we f ear , i n re serve for the infant Queen of Spain. -Our own Princess will succeed to an undisputed throne, and if her reign should he less famous for military exploits than those of her royal predecessors, the Queens Elizabeth and Anne,it will, we hope, acquire a more lasting and a purer glory from the triumphs of freedom and science, and the extension of the rights and increase of the.hap piness of a free, loyal, arid prosperous TitE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. THE MAGAZINES. 'Blackwood, like the month in which No. CCXV. makes its appearance, is somewhat foggy and unenlight ened by any extraordinary portion of sunshine. How ' ever, the statesman or "grave politician" who delights in tracing effects back to causes, or in predicting the ef fects that will proceed from existing causes, will find some valuable matter to assist him in his studies in " Ed mund Burke, Part V 1.," "The First Session of the Re formed Parliament," on which subject Fraser also has an article, and " The Spanish Succession." . We have only space for an extract from " Spencer, No. I." No poet that ever lived had a more exquisite sense of the beautiful than Spenser. Of profounder passion many p oe t s have been blest or cursed with the power. His were indeed "thoughts that breathe," but not "words that burn."- His words have a lambent light. Reading him is like gazing on the starry skies—or on the skies without a star—except perhaps one—the evening star—and all the rest of heaven in still pos session of the moon. His love of woman's life is spiritual-- yet voluptuous; and desire itself is hallowed, kindling at sight of beauty "emparadised in such sreet flesh." Nothing mere tricious in the Lady of his Lays. Chaste as Dian the creature of his bridal, his nuptial hymn. " A creature not too bright or good For human nature's daily food ; For transient sorrows, simple wiles, Praise, blame, love, kisses, tears, and smiles." Such have been the love-lays of all great poets. They feel as men; but their imagination purifies passion; and poetry, like religion, hallows the mysterious union of the sexes, till mar riage indeed seems a type of a holier union still, when our souls "Of all this world's encumbrance have themselves assoyled." and return to their native' heaven. Do you know that his other Prothalamion, or spousal verse, made 'in honour of the double manage of the two honourable and vertuous ladies, the Ladie Elizabeth, and the Ladia Cathe rine Somerset?" Oh! if you do not, seek forthwith the stream down which are seen floating those two swans. A stream it seems so limpid-pure that it can be flowing but along the skies. " Paynted all with variable flowers, And all the Meads adorn'd with dainty gemmes, Fit to deck Maidens' bowers, And crown their paramours." Yet is it flowing -even in this our world, which all who it in habit, alas! have often—often felt to be a world of woe. But there is not on this day "one cloud to stain the blue serene of heaven." No such thought—no such feeling as fear. Death is not so much even as a dream. Life is love—and love is bliss —and bliss, like the shining sky, " Doth seem immortal in its depth of rest." Yes—'tis but an earth-born stream—but has not poetry changed its waters into the light, and the music of heaven ? " There, in a meadow, by the river side,. A flocke Of nymphes I chaunced to espy, All lovely daughters of the flood thereby, With goodly greenish locks, all loose untyde. As each had bane a brvde; And each one had a little wicker basket, 'Made of fine twigs, entrayled euriously, . In which they gathered flowers to fill their &Ast i And with fine fingers croptfull feateously The tender stalkes on bye. Of every sort, which in that meadow grew. • They gathered some; the violet, pallid blew. The little dazie, that at evening closes, The virgin lilie, and the primrose trew, With store of vermeil roses, To deck their bridegroome's posies Against the brydale-day, which was not long : Sweet Themmes ! runne softly, till I end my song. • " With that I saw two swannes of goodly hewe Come softly swimming downe along the lee ; Two fairer birds I 3 , et did never see The snow, which Moth the top of Pindus strew. Did never whiter spew, • Nor Jove himself, when he a swan would be For love of Leda, whiter did appeare ; Yet Leda was (they say) as white as he, Yet not so white as these, nor nothing near; So purely white they were, That even the gentle stream, the which them bare, - • Seem'd foule to them, and bad his billowes spare To wet their silken feathers, least they might Boyle their fayre plumes with water not so fayre. And marre their beauties bright, That shone as Heaven's light, Against their brydale day, which was not long ; Sweete Themmes! runne softly, till I end my song. " Eftsoones the nymphes. which now had flowers their fill. Ran all in haste to see that silver brood, As they came floating on the cristal flood Whom when they sawe, they stood amazed still. Their wondering eyes to fill; Them seeni'd they never saw a sight so fayre, Of fowles, so lovely, that they sure did deesne Them heavenly borne, or to be that same payre Which throtigh the skie draw Venus silver teeme ; For sure they did not seeme To be begot of any earthly seede, But rather angels, or of angels' breede ; Yet were they bred of somers-heat, they say, In sweetest season, when each flower and weeds The earth did fresh aray ; So fresh they seem'd as day, Even as their brydale day, which was not long; Sweet Themmes 1 runne softly, till I end my song. • " Then forth they all out of their baskets drew Great store of flowers, the honour of the field, That to the sense did fragrant honours yeild, All which upon those goodly birds they threw, And all the waves did strew, That like old Peneus' waters they did seeme, When downe along by pleasant Tempe's shore, Scattred with flowres, through Thessaly they streeme. That they appeare, through lilies plenteous store, Like a bryde s chamber flore. Two of those nymphes, mean while, two garlands bound Of freshest flowres which'in that mead they found, 'The which presenting all in trim array, Their snewie foreheads therewithall they crownd, Whilst one did sing this lay. Prepar'd against that day, Against their brydale day, which was not long : Sweet Themmes ! runne softly, till I end my song. " Ye gentle birdes ! the world's faire ornament, And heaven's glorie, whom this happie bower Doth leade unto your lovers' blissftill bower, boy you may have, and gentle hearts content Of your love's complement; And let faire Venus, that is queene of love, With her heart-quelling sonne upon you smile, Whose smile, they say, bath vertue to remove All love's dislike, and friendship's faultie guile For ever to assoile. Let endlesse peace your steadfast hearth accord, And blessed plentie wait upon your bord And let your bed with pleasures chast abound, That fruitfull issue may to you afford, Which may your foes confound, And snake your ioyes redound Upon your brydale day, which is not 10n. , ' : Sweet Themmes ! runne softlie, till I end my song." In 1596' Spenser was in London; and then were published, as we have said, the last three books of the Faery Queen. Then, too, he presented, to his sovereign the "View of the State of Ireland," which was first published in Dublin, in 1633, from a manuscript in Archbishop Usher's library. In 1597 we find him in Ireland; and, no doubt, it was his intention to pass the rest of his life at Kilcolman. He was in high favour with the Queen, who, towards the close of 1596, recommended him to the Irish Government to be sheriff of Cork. But in October the rebellion of Tyrone burst forth: Kilcolman was set on fire: Spenser and his wife fled ; but one of his children perished in the flames. They found their way to London; and, on the 16th of January, 1598, in an inn or lodging-house in King-street, Westminster, died the poet of the Faery Queen ! Till within three months of his death we have seen that Spenser was a happy man. His own sorrows he must have had like the least-gifted of his fellow-mortals. Butin his life we know of no great afflictions. Of his death the circumstances lie hidden for ever: Camden has said that he returned to Env land poor • "in Angliam inops reversus." Ben Jenson told Drummond that he died in King-street, (Thomas Wharton mistakenly adding Dublin,) "from absolute want of b rea d." Phineas (etcher, in his Purple Island, (1663,) thus writes:-- " Yet all his hopes were crost—all suits denied; Discouraged, scorned—his writings villified ; Poorly (poore man) he lived, poorly (poore man) he died." And Joseph Hall, 1713, laments,— " Ah ! me, that after unbeseeming care, And secret want which bred his last misfare, His relicks dear obscurely tomhed lie, Under unwritten stones, that who goes by Cannot once read, Lo, here ;loth Collin lie!" • The author of his Life, in the Biographia Britaunica, says, " this admirable poet and worthy gentleman had struggled with poverty all his lifetime." And Pennant says, that in the an guish of his soul he composed his " Care of De s p a i r ," i n t h e first book of the Faery Queen ! Perhaps written sixteen years before his death, when he was secretary to the Lord-lieutenant of Ireland. Hundreds have taken up the lament for the most unfortunate Spenser; and his fate has furnished a fertile sub ject for commonplaces on the woes of genius. From all this confusion of error how easy to separate the truth! Camden says truly, he returned to England, inops. He never had been rich. The rebels- burnt his house and furniture —drove away his live-stuck, if there were any—and then he was poor. What little money he might have had, hi s trave l and voyage to London eat up, an d in that loiging-house his funds were low. But not one man in a million annually dies of absolute want of bread even now—not so many then—and that man could not have been Edmund Spenser. Ben Johnson was a wide talker over his cups, and part of his story to Drummond carries falsehood in its face. "He refuses twenty pieces sent him by the Earl of Essex, and gave this answer to the person who brought them, that he was sure he had no time to spend them." That answer was not in Spenser's style. He was no misanthrope. The world had not used him ill, and he had rea sons manifold to be in love with life. Had 'he been starving "from absolute want of bread," he would have accepted the bounty of his noble friend, who, with all his faults, knew how to honour genius—have said, "Give us this day our daily bread," ate it, and given God thanks. If he knew he was him self dying, his Elizabeth was by his bedside, and his two chil dren. "That he was sure he had no time to spend them !" vulgar—and worse, impious words—but his was the finest of spirits, and most religious. This, then, is a lie, else Spenser was an Atheist. _ _ All the other fictions need no refutation. Mr. Todd indig nantly asks if it be credible that the noble family of Spenser could" have neglected him, their glory, in his utmost . need? Scarcely credible--if they knew he was dying of want. But weeks and months pass on over famished sickbeds, and when we hear death has been there, we hold up our hands and cry, "Woisme !" Spenser may have wanted many comforts in his dying hours. Sad is it to think so. But either believe the whole story or none of it. Do not believe that he wanted bread, and that from Essex, the husband of her who had been the wife of Sidney, he refused with asperity or levity the means of purchasing it for himself, his wife, and his children. The people who kept the lodging-house would not have suffered him so to die, nor the other lodgers ; not even had he been the ob scurest stranger, nay, an outlaw under hiding; but unless he had forgotten in his delirium who he was, ana his Elizabeth were ashamed to tell it, even " aped dirersorium in platea reqia, apud Westmonasterium juxta London," a loaf would have been forthcoming at any hour on the naming of the Poet of the Faery Queen. Bet he died of a broken heart! And what broke it? The loss of his poor child ! No father will believe that; no mother. God saved his wife from the fire—not a hair on her head was singed—and she bore away with her from the savage rebels two children in her arms. Her heart was not broken—why then her husband's ? With a heart contrite for sin, God and Christ are well pleased—but not with a heart broken by their dis pensations. " I saw a lovely cottage girl, She was four years old, she said ; Her face was Bright with many a curl That clustered round her head." Such a cherub the flames may have devoured; but many a parent has lost many children by water or fire, or fever swift as the sun.stroke, and by all worst deaths unspeakable andun imaginable, yet after many tranquil years have they gone down to the grave in peace. And could. Edmund Spenser have found resignation so hard, that, covering his face, he refused sustenance, cursed God, and died! "Because that we have all one human heart," let us all feel assured that he died—with his Blis:;beth.'s band in his—grateful atid trustful to tits rock of ages. Ilis wife and children were not allowed to starve, though poorly off; and probably they remained under the care of Spenser's friends for a few years in London. In March, 1601, a petition was presented in their behalf, "in regard he was a servitor of that realme," by the Lords of the Privy Council in England, to Sir George Carew, Lord President of Munster. But we know not what was done for the widow. That she re.• turned to Ireland seems certain ; and friends she must have had there, for her two sons, Silvanus and Peregrine, grew up. to man's estat e in the condition of gentlemen; and Silvanus married Ellen Nagle, eldest daughter of David Nagle of Mona nirny, in the county of Cork. The Nagles were a family of consi derable consequence; and Smith mentions "Ballygritlin, a pretty seat of Mr. David Nagle, below which is the ruined church of Mo nanimy, with a large chancel, and in it a modern tomb of the Nagles." The grandson of the poet, Hugolin Spenser, after the re storation of Charles, was restored to so much of the lands as could be found to have been his great ancestor's. Peregrine Spen ser, the son of the poet, and father of Hugolin, had had part of the lands o f Kil co l m an assigned to him - by his elder brother, Silvanus; but, like his father, had been impoverished by the troubles of the times. It is pleasant to knew, that though the family did not greatly flourish, yet they were not more unpros perous than their neighbours in that distracted province. Essex ordered Spenser's funeral. The pall was held by some of the poets—poeticiiinus ducentibus, says Camden—and he was buried by the side of Chaucer. About thirty years after his death, Anne, Countess of Dorset, erected' a monument to his memory in Westminster Abbey. This is the inscription : " LYES (EXPECTING THE SECOND COMMINGE OF OCR SAVIOUR JESUS,) THE BODY OF EDMOND SPENSER, THE PRINCE OF POETS IN HIS TYME, WHOSE DIVINE SPIRIT NEEDS NOB OTHIR WITNESSE THEN THE WORKS WHICH HE LEFT BEHINDE HIM. HE WAS BORNE IN LONDON IN THE YEAR 1553, AND DIED IN THE YEARE 1598." Fraser's bill of fare for this month equals in the variety, richness, and arrangement of his viands some of the best of his preceding literary treats. The first article consists of some critical remarks on the Archbishop of Cashel's (perhaps better known as Dr. Laurence) translation of "The Book of Enoch the Prophet," from which we sub join the following extracts : The Archbishop of Cashel's excellent version of this most magnificent of all the apocryphal books has at length reached a second edition. The fate of a work capable of exciting so much interest has been, somewhat singular from the begin- Ping. After the eighth century, though quoted by an inspired writer, this splendid book, whose majesty, though apocry phal, was enough apology for the apostle Jude's patronage, sunk into unmerited oblivion. 'The unprinted Chronographia of Georgius Syncellus contained, howe'ver. an ample fragment, which Scalgier wisely thought fit to publish in his notes to the Chronicus Canon of Eusebius ; and, before its loss, (as we find from Fabricius,) it was quoted and alluded to by more than twenty authors. There seems to have been a Greek cop . y of this book—a ver sion, probably, from some H e b rew or Chaldee original. The version of which discovery has been made in our times is Ethio pic, to the existence of which allusions occur in writers of the seventeenth century. Ludolf, in his commentary upon his History of Ethiopia, remarks, that an Ethiopic tract, supposed to be the Book of Enoch, had been transmitted from Egypt, and purchased by Peiresc; for the discovery of which he himself spared neither e xpense nor labour. Ile saw in the Royal Library at Paris a work professing to be the Book of Enoch; but, on inspection, refused to recognise its claims. It was reserved for Bruce, the Abyssinian traveller, to prove its ex istence, by bringing front the utmost south three copies of the book itself. Bruce seems to have been in raptures, but soon discerned that his seed had been sown ou stony g round! Hear him:— "Among the articles I consigned to the library at Paris, was a very beautiful and magnificent'copy of the prophecies of Enoch, in large quarto; another is amongst the books of Scrip ture which I brought home, standing immediately before the book of Job, which is its proper place in the Abyssinian canon ; and a third copy I have presented to the Bodleian Library at Oxford, by the hands of Dr. Douglas, the Bishop of Carlisle." Dr. Woide showed considerable enthusiasm about the matter. Scarcely had the glorious news arrived in England, that Bruce had presented this book to the library of the Bing of France, than Dr. Woide, with ou t s t ay i ng a few days to give the illus trious traveller time t o reac h L on d on, set out for Paris, with letters from the secretary of state to Lord,Storinont, our ambas sador, desiring him to assist the do c t or i n procur i ng acc ess to the pre sen t of Bruce, by his most Christian majesty's permis sion. Woide transcribed (Bruce thought he had translated) the Ethiopic version, and attempted a Latin rendering of a few det ac h e d passages. Hi s i mper f ect k nowledge o f Ethiopic permitted no more. Dr. Laurence's translation is made from the Bodleian MS., which he afterwards compared with Woide's transcript of the Paris MS., in the possession of the Delegates of the Press; but the apathy of all parties concerned was extreme. Until Dr. Laurence, a few years ago, undertook the present translation, no advantage was reaped by wise or simple from Bruce's mag nificent donation to the Bodleian. But when has it not bceu that "Man wrongs and Time avenges ?" The MS. which Bruce reserved to himself experienced a somewhat better fate, for Mr. Murray, the editor of the octavo edition of Bruce's Travel s , gave from it a summary of its contents; and the learned Silvestre de Sacs}, in a Notice du Livre d'Enoch (pub lished in th e Ma yas i n Encyclopedique, an vi. tom. i. p. 38 %) gave a Latin translation of the first three chapters; of all be tween the sixth and sixteenth chapters inclusively; and like wise of the twenty-second and thirty-second chapters, from the Paris MS. This translation Dr. Laurence has very rightly republished, at the end of his own. Dr. Gesenius, of Halle,. in Saxony, also, has lately been in Paris, for the purpose of pub lishing it in Ethiopic, with a Latin version. Beautiful, therefore, will thy vengeance be, " 0 Time! thou beautifier of th e dead!" Dead? Nay, but there was a spirit of life in this same book of Enoch. Wild and extravagant as in the main, and apocryphal as undoubtedly the whole of this book of Enoch is, it must be confessed by every competent reader to be a work of genius. Mr. Murray originally took a prejudiced view of the production, calling it "absurd and tedious." He aven forfend! Subsequently he changed his mind, after this fashion :—" The language is the purest Ethiopic; and the whole book has a peculiar dignity of style and manner 'which impo ses on th e rea d er, and impresses on his mind ideas of its great antiquity." Again ;—" It must be regade d as hi g hl y curious, being the translation of a Greek book long since lost, which was older than the appearance of our Saviour and t h e age of the apostle s ." Again :—" The narrative is bold and fabulous, but highly impressive of the sentiments and character of those speculative enthusiasts who blended the Chaldaic phi losophy with the sacred history of the Jews." A remark this, by the by, which the Archbishop of Cashel observes is destitute of proof. It is—quite. No doubt, however, rests on the fol lowing :—" As a literary relic, it merits attention; and as an Ethiopic book, written in the purest Geez, and venerated by the Abyssinians as of equal authority with the writings of Moses, it deserves to be laid before the public." The fathers differed upon the question, whether the book of Enoch were apocryphal; various reasons, on which Dr. Lau rence dwells at large, show the work to be not on l y a p ocr yp hal but spu r i ous . Ap oc ryphal! why, what a word is that ? what inea.neth it? Verily only this—something to be considered other th an as, an d apar t from things, inspired. T he apocry phal are human compositions, separated from those that are divine. According. to some writers, the books so denominated were such as were not deposited in but removed apo tes krute s, (Gr.) f rom t h e crypt, ark, chest, or other receptacle in wh i ch the sacred books were kept; or, more probably, from apokrupie, (Gr.) because they were concealed from the generality of read ers— their authority not being recognised by the Christian church. Th ese wor k s are , doubtless, destitute of proper testi monials, their original is obscure, their origin unknown, and their character is either heretical or suspected. But their chief distinction is that of not being divine ; books not in general circulation. And what are such books in ordinary cases? Either works altogether worthless, or imitations, which, though excellent, are swallowed up in the reputatinn of their models ; as all such ever are. But are, then, the original works that live, and are immortal, always and every where inspired ? Is not Shakspeare divine? ? Dante? Tasso ? Virgil? Homer? We confine the question principally to poets, because they of all the followers of the Nine, chiefly claim inspiration. Why not? Is nut the mind itself an inspiration? Is not man him- self a revelation ? Through what, save and except human agency, may news •f the invisible world come to man? What reveals Nature to herself? Only to the Spirit in a human form has she a tale to tell—only to his questionings. And then answers she? Nay, but out of her silence it is that the Spirit shapes the re sponses —even as he will: What reveals she to him, in silence or eloquence—her silence the most eloquent of all things—what reveals she to him thus? Himself! She is to him but a watery mirror, and he the Narcissus of the stream;_ loving, admiring his own myster i ous i mage in the ref l ect i ng deep—an inverted heaven ! She is to him the Echo, who pines for the self-wor shipping Narcissus; her voice is but the rebound of his own. Every man who knows how, iu verse or prose, statue, picture, or music, to give permanence to such evauescent image, so that it shall live for him when he has left the glassy river;—to catch, the rebounding word, and enshrine it in his memory, so that he can bear it away with him to future time,—every one such is a poet, or a man inspired, an artist, or a divine person. He it is who creates and turns to shape. The airy nothing? No; but the most substantial something—his own identical self ! From that great whole of phenomena which fools call nature, but which the wise know to be only that of so many modifications of our own several being, he constructs a world and is hero, the Creator-creature ' Author and S a viour, Demi-god and Man ? But what is h e himself, who is- thus a universe and its great egotist, its only dweller—all in one ? Recollects he the time when he was not? No, surely. Is he, then, the Eternal? That, or the image thereof. For this is all he knows, that he is ; being and knowing, in the identity of knowledge and being. Thus is he manifested to himself, and all other things to him: But every manifestation supposes a manifesting power. Is he that power ? Of this he hath no consciousness ; yet of this he is conscious, that, although no m anifestation, perhaps, come but by an act of the will, vet, that every manifestation he would effect comes not always at the call of the will : neither will it always depart. Pleasure will not ever come at demand, nor will pain go away at biddding. It being quite clear, therefore, that the book in question is spurious, written under an assumed name, and the supposition of an assumed date, we shall take leave to look upon it as a poem. In this light it comes again under the category of apo cryphal, as being clearly not altogether an original either in style or sentiment, but an imitation, written, as far as the author might, in the spirit of the books of the Old Testament. Now, it is a remarkable fact, and shows how superior inspiration, whether poetic, or religious, or scientific, is to learning, in all cases, that in imitations it is generally the faults that are copied, rather than the real beauties of the model. The imitators of Sir Walter Scott and Byron, of Milton and Pope, all endeavoured to catch the eccentricities of their respective originals, rather than those better qualities in which they moved in harmony with the uni versal laws of the beautiful and sublime: Thus our pseudo- Enoch affects the transcendental in style and argument, in which two apparent contradictions may both be true, that so much distinguishes the Hebrew Scriptures. Ile is also fond of prophetic visions, and prefers the incongruous and out of nature to the simple and ordinary. Goats and rams and kiue crowd his pages, manifest supernatural horns, and perform wondrous antics. Ile makes nothing of generating elephants, camels, and asses, by the union of fallen stars with young cows. All this is not to dream, but to feign dreaming. In other respects the ;work deserves the character of an origi nal poem—we allude to its general abstinence from miracles, and the spirituality of its agency. Written for a carnal genera tion, the Hebrew 'Scriptures are corporeal and fleshy . ; they are of " the earth, earthly"—though, doubtless, also of the heaven, heavenly. But the infinite and eternal is symbolised in them by the intuitions of time and space. For such is the universal order of man's cultivation, as regards the race ' • first the natural, and afterwards the spiritual. The whole of the Book of Enoch is so spiritual, that it might have been written by Immanmiel Swedenborg. Not in the body, but in the spirit, happen all the wonderful timings that chance to Enoch. In the Hebrew Scrip tures, the angels are frequently mistaken fur human mortals : thus Lot and Abraham entertained gods unawares. But there is no mistaking the angels of Enoch. They arc indeed the creatures of those, strong passions or . gentler sympathies which Byron, in his Heaven and Earth, has so well set forth in the characters of Aholihamah and Anah. Poor Allah! all her fear is that Azaziel cannot by his natare " sympathise" with her With me thou canst not sympathise, Except in love. and there thou must Acknowledge that more loving dust Nc'er wept beneath the skies.' This craving fur sympathy marks her character her doubt of it shows the depth of the sentiment. Who ne'er doubted ; mover laced. " Yet, seraph dear ? Oh hear ! For thou has loved me, and I would not die, Until I know that I roust die in knowing That thou forge..tst in thine eternity Her whose heart death could not keep from o'erficalting For thee, immortal essence as thou art!" Such is her gentle character —the child of sympathy—a feeling, though deep and strong, yet tranquil, in comparison with the turbulent passion that casts out volumes of lava from the volcano of Aholibamah's heart. Samias ! I call thee, I await thee, and I love thee. Many may worship thee—that will I not f If that thy spirit down to mine may move thee; Descend and share my lot ! Though I be formed of clay, And thou of beams More bright than ,those day On Eden's streams, Thine immortality can not repay With love more warm than mine My lore. There is a ray In me, which, though forbidden yct to shine, 1 feel was lighted at thy God's and seine. It may be hidden long : death and decay Our mother Eve bequeathed us—but my heart Defies it : though this life must pass away. Is that k cause for thee and me to part? Thou art immortal—s saml : I feel, I feel my immortality o'ersweep All pains, ell tears, all fears, and peal, Like the eternal thunders of the deep, Into my ears this truth, ' Thou liv'st for ever !' But if it be in joy I know not, nor would know ; That secret rests with the Almighty Giver, Who folds iu clouds the fonts of bliss and who. But thee and me he never can destroy. Change us he may, hut not o'erwhelm ; we are Of as eternal essence, and must war With him if he will war with us : with thee. I can share all things, even immortal sorrow ; For thou hast ventured to share life with me, And shall /shrink from thine eternity ? No ! though the serpent's sting should pierce me thorough, . And thou thyself wert like the serpent, coil Around me still! and I will smile, And curse thee not ; but hold Thee in as warm a fold As—but descend; 'and prove A mortal's love For an immortal. If the skies contain More joy than thou canst give and take, remain!" The gallery of literary characters is enri; Iced by an etching of Miss Harriet:Martineau, a lady of the Mal thusian school, whose extravagancies in the political economy line are tolerably well known; and, as if re solved "to damn to everlasting fame" two first-rate quacks of the feminine gender, at one and the same time, the editor has selected "Dramatic Scenes," by Lady Morgan, for dissection, or, perhaps, to show the mini mum of talent that will suffice for modern authoress-ship. "The Miller Correspondence " is an amusing paper, containing letters from thirty literary, political, and sci entific characters, in reply to inquiries addressed to them, by an autograph hunter, for the purpose of obtaining answers and signatures. We will not vouch for the genuineness of all these letters; but, if they are not original, they have at least the merit of being highly characteristic. PROCLAMATION BY CIIOO, THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR OF CANTON.—MAncti, 1833. (From the Canton Register of April 13, 1833.) Choo,—an attendant Officer of the Military Board; a Member of the Court of Universal Examiners • an Imperial Histo riographer and Censor ; Patrolling Examiners; of Canton; a Guide of Military Affairs; and Comptroller of the Taxes— Hereby issues a proclamation for the purpose of correcting public morals; and delivering strict admonitory orders. In the act of government, moral instructions and the infliction of pu nishments are mutually assisting. But punishments should come after the act; instructions should go before. That neither should be neglected has long been decided. Two years have elapsed since my arrival at my official sta tion iu Canton, and I have observed the multitudinous robbe ries and thefts therein. Streets and lanes are never tranquil. Daily have I led the local officers to search and seize, so that we have not had strength for anything else; - but the spirit of robbery has not, even till now, ceased. This has arisen from my detective virtu e ; th e smallness of my ability; and the ine quality in my condu c t o f ma j es ty an d mercy. I feel ashamed of myself. But I consider that luxury and extravagance are the causes of hunger and cold; and from thence robberies and thefts pro• ceed. The learned gentry are at the head of the common peo ple; and to them the villagers look up. If they do not sin cerely and faithfully issue educational commands, to cause the public morals to revert to re gu l ar it y an d economy' so that sons and younger brothers may gradually learn to be sincere and respectful, then, where is that which has long been considered the best device for a radical reform and a source-purifying pro cess in a country. Availing myself of this doctrine, I Shall select a few of the most important topics, and proclaim them perspicuously below. First—Exhortations and persuasions ought to be extensively diffused. The national family has appointed officers from provincial governors and lieutenant-governors down to district magistrates, who hold the station of guides and shepherds; and Whose duty it is equally to renovate and to lead the people. How can they throw their faults off on other people? Although sons an d younger brothers may be deficient in respect, it is because fathers and elder brothers have not previously taught them. And how can the learned gentry in villages and - hamlets, lanes, and neighbourhoods, shut their eyes or view occurrences as not concerning them? The teaching of the magistrate is inter rupted by his being sometimes present and sometimes absent. The teachiug of the learned gentry is continuous by his cots stant presence. Here he was born ; and here he grew up. He is perfectly acquainted with the public morals—what is benefi cial and what is prejudicial. Moreover, he knows perfectly the roots of the mulberry, which join neighbours' houses: and the altar tree, whose shade is common to all. And, still more, he feels every pain and pleasure that is felt by any of his clan. To fathers, he can speak of tender beartednesa ; to suns, he can speak of filial piety. : He can exhibit his instructions ap propriately to every man, and convey them delicately in the slightest conversation. With half a word he can dissipate an intricate feud. It is easy for him to avail himself of his influ ence, and persuade to what is right. Learned gentry read the useful books of sages and worthies; and for the national family they should be useful m en . If t o -d ay they are living in the country instructors of morals and exam ples of propriety, another day they will fill official stations; following- what is good and obtaining the highest,recompense. Being abroad and at home makes a temporary difference, but the incumbent duty in both stations is the same. At.-home mani festing the principles of good government, is also' being in the government. Since I, the soother of the people, came to my present office, I have for two years observed and investigated the stage of things among thetpeopleut-Casston. I have looked at their airs, and inquired about their customs. I have secretly indulged intense sorrow, and been filled with extreme regret. And for nothing more than to see useful property thrown away for use less purposes; to see limited strength wasted on projects from which no benefit could accrue. In country places the lasting occupations of husbandry and mulberry culture are still attended to with a spirit approaching to simplicity; but, iu the town of Canton,.at Fuh-shan, and at all the . places where markets are held, an official people lived, there is a strife and emulation to exceed in gaity and extravagance. At every anniversary of the birth-day of - a god; or when plays are performed at masses for departed shades; or thanks givings given for divine energies exerted in behalf of a n y one • or grateful processions with prayers are carried round—all of which are what propriety does not interdict—but every ono wants to boast of much, and to fight for great expense; one imi tates another, and in a worse degree. Some even go to the extreme of erecting lofty and variegated pavilions; and for a great distance rearing flowery palaces. Fire trees and silver flowers fili the streets and atop the lanes. Men and women assemble : promiscuously, greatly to the detriment of the public manners. The sums expended must be reckoned.by thousands and tens-of-thousands. And in a few days, the whole is of no snore use than mire and sand, and is thrown away, like a child's grass dog (toy). Moreover, a blast may set on tire, and cause a conflagration, which will occasion the resentments of myriads of families. It cannot be that these things emanate from tire wishes of the many.. They must be led into error by "divine vagabonds," (who make a pretext of serving the gods to serve themselves.) Consider—the shopmen in a street all live by a little trade ; their origin not bigger than a fly's head ; their end a mere trifle and the profits they gain are small. But, in a moment, it it vent on wind and flame, and thrown away ou us eless re g rets. Heaven's ways hate self-sufficiency : demons and gods abomi nate a plenum. To consider such services as prayers must be followed by divine reprehension. I, the Lieutenant-Governor, am in my own person economical is m and simple, that I may be an example to the pcople • sincere desire to make my nursing to consist in giving no trouble; and to teach by my own mode of living. This Is what you learned gentry and common people all know, and all have seen. Hereafter, when any anniversary of a god's birth-day (secure; there is no objection to your going to a temple to suspend lan terns, and hang up ornaments, offering sacrifices with abundance and cleanliness. But, as to the street exhibitions, you must not listen to the divine vagabonds, who make pretext to collect money, and gather together men and women promiscuously. If such people assemble, the district constables and street seniors must be re sponsible. The learned gentry arc permitted to proceed sum.; manly, and report them to the local magistrate for punishment —to pull back again the people from the regions of sterile custom. As to all cases of assuming the cap, (or toga,) marrying wives, or burying parents, with the sacrificial rites attendant thereon—whether poor or rich—all should have a tender feeling ' for commodities; and a tender feeling for subsequent enjef ment—(i. e. avoid all waste.) The said learned gentry also' should substantiate the wish of me, the Lieutenant-Governor, to correct the people, and instruct them in morals; should advise them to substitute plainness= for-uxtravagance, and by economy nourish wealth ; so that the 'people of a year of plenty may so hoard that plentiful year's wealth, that the people of year of scarcity may look up to a year of plenty's accumulati ons, Would not 'this be beautiful"! Ali! government love to the people is not so good as the people's love to themselves! Would the people but love and compassionate their civil persons andfam►lies, families, where would he the occasion of their waiting till other persons laid plans for thein ! And if reciproeally acting they thus formed the " wind" (the fashion,) they might govern sweetly, and never know discomfort. Using these topics, I have lucidly and intensely proclaimed them, that all Wright hear acid know; wishing that none will tread the steps of their former iniquities; but all practise to the utmost good morals. Taou-kwang, 13th year, Ist moon, 23-d day.—(March 14, 1E433.) • In the year 1691 the sum of £66,600 was paid for bounty on the expoitation of corn, and corn continued to be exported from this country till about the year 1764. In the year 1754 the quantity exported was 1;080;077 quarters; and the bounty paid £964,340. In 1769 a change occurred; the imports exceeded the exports by 233,184 q s narters, and we have continued im porters ever since. In 17b9 the population was nearly 9,(0(),060 souls ••• ••••• I ~..••••••• 41441••• V 11.414111,. gut., ll 1,1•1.10•11. J• 1.1.11,••• • his is no !nista -ing t ange ls of Enoch. They arc Indeed the lmrters ever since. 1769 the population was nearly 9,(XX.),0EX1 saes. creatures of those. strong passions or gentler sympathies w Lich sQuis•