The Sun. — London, England, 1871-01-31 00:00:00

ISSTJE OF £500,000 STERLING SIX PER CENT. MORTGAGE BONDS OF THE CAMDEN AND AMBOY RAILROAD AND TRANSPORTATION, DELAWARE AND RARITAN CANAL, AND NEW JERSEY RAILROAD AND TRANSPORTATION COMPANIES, FORMING THE UNITED CANAL AND RAIL ROAD COMPANIES OF, NEW JERSEY, ITALIAN OPERA BUFFA COMPANY (LIMITED)—LYCEUM THEATRE. THIS EVENING (TUMMY), January 31, will be produced (for the ninth time in any country), the New Opera of ALI B IBA (wlitten expressly for this Company). Eokes on the grand tier, £3 35.; stall tier. £2 12s. 61; upper circle, .£1 7s 6d.; orchestra stalls, l! s 6d.; grand tier dress seats, 7s. upper circle Feats, 4s : pit tic etc. 2s. 61. ; amphi theatre, is. In Bonds to Bearer of £2OO Sterling each, at the Price of 92 per cent., or £lB4 per Bond. - • LANE, THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY _ Lessee and Manager, F. B. Chatterton. THIS EVENING, Her Majesty's Servants will perform a New and Original Farce, entitled RULE BRITANNIA ; after which will be produced the Drury Lane Grand Comic Christmas Annual, entitled THE DRAGON OF WANTLEY ; or, HAR LEQUIN AND OLD MOTHER SHIPTON, written by E. L. Blanchard, with Characteristic Scenery by William Beverly. Characters in the opening by Misses Victoria Vokes, Jessie Yokes, Rosina Yokes, and Harriet Coveney ; Messrs. Fred. --- 1 Yokes, F. Moreland, Fawdon Vokes, IL Naylor, and Charles Messrs. J. S. MORGAN and Co. offer for Public Subscription the j Steyne. above Mortgage Bonds of the United Canal and Railroad 1 In the Harlequinade Messrs. F. Evans and W. H. Harvey, Companies of New Jersey, at the price of £lB4 per £2OO Bond, Clowns ; Paul Herring and J. Morriss, Pantaloons ; Miss Rosina payable by Instalments, as under : Vokes and Jessie Vokes, Columbines ; Miss Lizzie Grosvenor, £lO per £2OO Bond on Application. Harlequina ; the Pocket Sims Reeves, Mr. Collard. „ „ on Allotment. The Music arranged by Mr. W. C. Leve y . The Ballet grouping £4O h 1871.1 and Children Scenes arranged b y Mr. J. Cormack. The whole £4O „ „ on Ist Marc, „ „ on Ist April, 1871 . produced under the direction o f Mr. Edward Stirling. Prices £50 44 „ „ on Ist May, 1871. from Sixpence to Five Guineas. Doors o p en at half-past Six, £ commence at Seven o'clock. Box-office open from Ten till Five daily. _______------- The repayment of the Bonds at par (£200) in 1894 is secured, in addition to the Mortgage, by the establishment of an Annual Sinking Fund, to be paid by the Companies to, and accumu lated by, the "Fidelity Insurance Trust and Safe Deposit Company of Philadelphia." PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST PAYABLE IN STERLING MONEY IN LONDON, FREE FROM ANY FEDERAL OR STATE TAX. rrnE DRAGON OF WANTLEY.-THIS EVENING, Her Majesty's Servants will perform the Drury Lane Christmas Annual, entitled THE DRAGON OF WANTLEY; or, Harlequin and Old Mother Shipton, with Characteristic Scenery by William Beverly. Doors open at half-past Six, commene at Seven, and terminate at Eleven o'clock every evening. c —Box-office open from Ten till Five daily. £lB4 Subscribers may pay the full amount in advacne on allotment or on any of the above-mentioned days, and upon such payments discount at the rate of £4 per cent. per annum will be a owed. In case default be made in payment on allotment, or of any of the instalments on the days named, the allotment will be liable to be cancelled, and the amounts then already paid forfeited. Upon payment of the allotment money, Scrip Certificates to Bearer will be issued to the Subscribers, which will be exchanged for the Bonds, as soon as possible after payment of the whole amount of the subscription. The United Canal and Railroad Companies of New Jersey, upon whose mortgage security the above Bonds are issued, consist of "The Camden and Amboy Railroad and Transporta tion Company," "The Delaware and Raritan Canal Company,: and "The New Jersey Railroad and Transportation Company, who, by agreement between. themselves under authority of the Legislature of New Jersey, have been united into one interest and under one management, by which an end was put to the competition previously existing. These Railway and Canal Companies form three avenues of traffic between New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Wash ington, as well as the country south and west. They are amongst the oldest and most successful of all the Railroad Companies of the United States, and have always been con spicuous for their very able and judicious administration. The paid-up Share Capital of the Companies amounts to $16,550,000, and the entire Bond and Funded Debt of the ClB69om panies (including the £ 369, 200 Sterling Bonds issu Mortgage ed in , and the present issue of £ 500,000) are cby Security representing $20,000,000, or 4,4,000,0 00 . The aggregate gross earnings of the Companies a l t h e a nearly $8,000,000 per an num. The Dividends paid on Share Cb.pital are 10 per cent. The net earnings heretofore accumu lated in excess of profits divided as Dividend are upwards of $1,000,000, which has been expended in the Works, and is not represented in the Share or Loan Capital. It will thus be seen that a very large margin of net income will remain after providing for interest on the 'Bond debt, together with a Sinking Fund for its redemption, equal to 2 per cent. currency per annum on the amount of the Loan, which will be paid semi-annually to, and accumulated by, the "Fidelity Trust and Safe Deposit Company of Philadelphia." It may be mentioned , as an evidence of the value attached in the United States to this property, that the Pennsylvania Central Railroad Company has recently offered to lease it in perpetuity, paying, In addition to the interest on the debt, a dividend of 10 per cent. per annum to the holders of the common stock of the Companies. This proposal is now under consideration. The principal secured by the Bonds is made repayable at par in 1894, and the Coupons for interest, at the rate of 46 per cent. per annum, will be made payable half-yearly, on the Ist Sep tember and Ist March in Bach year ;the first half-yearly pay ment will fall due Ist September next. All payments will be made in London, in sterling money, clear of all taxation in the United States. Applications to be made to Messrs. J S. MORGAN and Co. but none will be considered unless accompanied by a deposit of £lO per Bond applied for. This deposit will be returned with out deductn in te event of no allotment being made. 22, Old B io road-st h reet, London, 28th January, 1871. V . MOSES and SON'S -1-14 • WINTER OVERCOATS, 19s. to £5. BOY'S OVERCOATS, 7s. 6d. to 458. MORNING- PERFORMANCE of the Grand Pantomime, entitled the DRAGON OF WANTLEY re , eve ry Wednesday and Saturday. Children and Schools at duced prices to the following parts of the Theatre :—First Circle, Dress Circle, and Stalls. Box-office open from Ten till Five daily. - THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. L and SON beg to remind the public , that the eheapnesi of an article depends entirely on its quality, and they venture to say that their prices will compare tavon ably with those of any other house in England. E MOSES and SON'S OXFORD COATS, 17s. to 50s. CAMBRIDGE COATS, 19s. to Ns. KERTCH JACKETS, 15s. to 425. SUTHERLAND JACKETS, 19s. 6d. to 50s. BUSINESS SUITS, 28s. to 60s. AMY ROBSART.—In answer to numerous ap plicati on% it is respectfully announced this Drama will be revived on Monday, Feb. 27. Box-office open from 10 till 5 daiIy.—THEATRE-ROYAL DRURY LANE. ROYAL COURT THEATRE, Sloane-square, S.W., built from the designs of Walter Emden, Esq., Ar chitect.—THlS EVENING, at eight. Sixth Night of W. S. Gilbert's original comedy entitled RANDALL'S THUMB. Sup ported by Messrs. Hermann Vezin, W. Belford, Edward Righ ton, H. Mellon, R. Astley, and Frank Matthews ; Mesdames M. Brennan, Kate Bishop, Stephens, and Eleanor Bufton. Pre ceded by, at 7.30, TURN HIM OUT ; and to conclude with an original comedietta, by F. A. Marshall, entitled Q. E. D. Supported by Messrs. W Belford, E. Righton, Misses M. Bren nan, Kate Bishop, and Kate Manor. Box office open from 11 to 5. No fees for booking, programmes, or cloak rooms. Trains by Metropolitan Railway to the very doors of the Theatre.—Acting Manager, Mr. John Huy. VAUDEVILLE THEATRE, STRAND. Lessees—Messrs. H. J. Montague, D. James, and T. Thorne.--THIS EVENING, at 7, CHISELLING (135th Night) : Mr. David James. After!which, TWO ROSES (207th night), by James Albery. Conclude with (65th night) ELIZABETH. Sup ported by Messrs. H. J. Montague, David James, and T. Thorne, &c.; Mesdames Amy Fawsitt, A. Newton, and Nelly Power, &c. ROYALTY TELEATRE.-TO-NIGHT, January 31.—The 18th time of an original Comedietta, by IL Reece, in Two Acts, entitled DORA'S DEVICE. At 7.30, DIAMOND CUT DIAMOND ; at 8.15, Done's DEVICE ; concluding With WHITTINGTON JUNIOR and his SENSATION CAT. "L" MOSES and SON'S easy and accurate system _Ej• of self-measure enables them to execute orders by post, with the guarantee of a faultless flt. 1: 1 1 MOSES and SON'S 1-Je F ROCK COATS, 245. to 635. A DELPHI THEATRE ROYAL. Sole Pro prietor, Mr. Benjamin Webster ; Managers, Mr. B. Webster and Mr. F. B. Chatterton.—THlS EVENING, at 7, a new Drama, in One Act, SMOKE. Mr. Billington, Mr. Ashley, 3fr. C. 11. Stephenson, Mrs. Billington, and Miss Furtado. At 8.15 ONE TOUCH OF NATURE. Mr. B. Webster and Miss Furtado. To conclude with the MISTLETOE BOUGH. Mrs. A. Mellon, Miss Elise bat, Mademoiselle Debreaux, Mdlle. Camilla Dubois, Miss Bellew, Miss M. Cooper, and Miss Bella Moore; Mr. Brittain Wright, Mr. John Rouse, and Mr. Odell. DRESS COATS, 255. to 60s. 'MORNING TROUSERS, 11s. 6d. to 21s. DRESS TROVSERS, 12s. 6d. to 265. MOURNING SUITS, 28s. to £5. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC. - EXTRAORDI NARY and COMBINED ENTERTAINMENT. PRO FESSOR PEPPER on THE WAR. Special Edition. Musical and Pictorial Illustrations.—Mr. GEORGE GROSSMITH, Jun., in the Fairy Tale, THE YELLOW DWARF, every Evening; and Mr. SUCHET CHAMPION in the Morning.—GRECIAN STATUARY, by MADAME BOUSFIELD ; and a thousand and one other Entertainments all for ONE SHILLING, daily, 12 to 5 and 7 to 10. T 1 MOSES and SON invite special attention ...LU• to their large Stock of GENTLEME DRESSING ROBE'', at 18 to 2 Gllitte&S; the assortment is uneq:ed for variety of materials and designs, and neatness and elegance of finish. "Ut MOSES and SON'S 114. B UYS' CLOTHING : KNICKERBOCKER SUITS, 9s. Gs. to 408 E TON bUITS, 15e. to 40s BRIGHTON SUITS, 18s. to 48s. DRESS SULN, 255. to 638. EMOSES 'and SON supply every description of Clothinz, ready-made or made to measure, for all ages, a'l occasions, and all classts ; also Hosiery anr Drapery, Hats and Cats, Boots and Shoes, and complete outfits for all climates. All Goods marked in Plain Figures. Any Article exchanged if not worn or injured. List of Prices. with Rules for Self-measure, Patterns, and Fashion-sheet, gratis and post-free. E. MOSES and SON'S stablishments are closed every Friday evening at sunset till Saturduy evening at sunset , when business resumed until Eleven o'clock. The following are the only addresses of E. MOSES and SO : LONDON. CORNER of MINORIN S and ALDG AT E. EW OXFORD-STttEET. CORNER of HART-STREET. Cußtiltß of TOTT EN HAM-COURT -ROAD and EUSTON-ROAD COUNTRY BRANCH • BRADFORD, YORKSHIRE• . _ . E A.t RE ROYAL, II AYAI A 11K1 4 3 - T. TThe Sixtieth Night of a NEW FAIRY COMEDY.—THIS EVENING (TUESDAY), at Seven, O'Keefe's Musical Piece, THE POOR SOLDIER, with selections from the original music. Patrick, Miss Fanny Wright ; Norah, Miss Fanny Gwynne. After which, at a quarter to Eight o'clock, a new Fairy Comedy, in Three Acts, entitled THE PALACE OF TRUTH. Characters by Mr. Buckstone , Messrs. Kendal, Everil, Clark, BraWidri , ROgand ers, M es d a mes Robertson, Chippendale, C. Hill, Fanny ght, Fanny Gwynne. Act I. Garden of King Phanor's Country House. Act 11. Interior of the Palace UNCLE of Truth. WILL. Act MrHI. The Avenue of Palms. Follo wed b y 'S . and Miss Robertson. Concluding with the Farce of THE SPECTRE BRIDEGROOM. Box Office open daily from 10 till 5. ----- ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.—SoIe Lessee, Benjamin Webster. Managers, B. Webster and F. B. Chatterton.—Last Four Nights of "The Man of the World," and of the Extravaganza of "Little Gil Blas.—THIS EVENING, at 7, THE MAN OF THE WORLD ; Sir Pertinax MacsycoPhant, Mr. Phelps. Messrs. J. Clayton, Crellin, Barrett, Vollaire, Marshall, Westland, &c.; Mesdames R. Leclercq, A. Merton, M. De Vere Addie, Hubert, &c. After which, the entirely new, grand, spectacular Extravaganza of LITTLE GIL BLAB, and flow he Played the Spanish D(j)euce. Mrs. Howard Paul , Me sdames M. Holt, M. Sidney, L. Russell, L. Grey, A. Merton, R. Power, J. Lovell, Hubert, Abrahams, &c. ; Messrs. Shiel, Ten'Ba G. Linton, Wilmott, IL Clive, &c.—Box-oftlce open from till Five. ROYAL S TRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress, Mrs. Swanborough. THIS EVENING, at 7, ON AND OFF. LIVING AT EASE. Messrs. Crouch, Turner ; Mesdames Ada Swauborough, E. Button, and F. Hughes.' UEUR-DE-LION, Messrs. Terry, Faulton, Fenton, and Turner ; Mesdames Amy Sheridan, E. B u tton, Santley, Lee, Goodall, &c. MADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION, Baker street.--On view, Portrait Models of the ex-Emperor and Empress of the French, and Prince Imperial. Also, Marshal Bazaine, Marshal Canrobert, General Trochu, &c., &c., &c. — Admission, ls. ; Children under Ten Years of age, 6d. Extra Rooms, 6d. extra. Open from 10 a.m. till 10 p.m. m ADAME TUSSAUD'S EXHIBITION, "-Baker street.—On view, Portrait Models of the King and Crown Prince of Prussia, Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern. Also Count von Bismarck and Count von Moltke.—Admission, ls. ; Children under Ten Years of age, 6d. Extra Rooms, 6d. extra. — Open from 10 a.m. till 10 p.m. PARTRIDGE AND COOPER. MANUFACTURING STATIONERS, 192, FLEET-STREET (CORNER OF CHANCERY-LANE), LONDON, B.C. THE PUBLIC SUPPLIED AT WHOLESALE PRICES, AND CARRIAGE PAID to the COUNTRY ON ORDERS OVER 20s. Per re. s. d. Fine Cream Laid Note ; a cheap paper ... • • ...... ....... 3 . 0 Superfine Cream Laid Note ; much approved ..... ..... .. 4 0 Superfine Thick Cream Laid Note ; especially recommended 6 6 Extra Superfine Double Thick Cream Laid Note .......... 7 0 Straw Paper, "Patent ;" adapted for rapid writing ...... 2 6 large Commercial Note Papers. .... 35., 45., 55., and 6 0 Foolscap Papers, blue or cream .... 105. 6d., 125. 6d., and 14 6 .. • Outsides Foolscap • . •••• .. Letter Paper for scribbling.:...... plain, 45.; ruled ditto, 4 6 Tinted Lined Note.... ... ... five quires for ls. 6d., or 5 6 New Vellum Wove "Club House" Note, five quires for 2s. 6d. Superfine Cream or Blue Envelopes, 4s 6d, 5s 6d, 856 s 6d Large Blue Wove Commercial Envelopes, 4s 6d .. Cheap Buff Colour, for circulars, dtc., 35....... COLOUR STAMPING (Relief) reduced to is. per 100. Polished steel dies sunk by the best artists to the trade at about half the prices charged by the retail houses. An ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing full descrip tions, with prices of Account Books, Copying Presses, Inkstands, Stationery, Cabinets, Postage Scales, Despatch Boxes, Travelling Writing Cases, Desks, post free. Established 1841. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 31, 1871. strong reason for hoping that it may not be un founded. These interruptions in the course of slaughter are always favourable to peace. When once the beaten side recognises its inferiority, it is seldom that it haggles irreconcilably about a degree more or less of harshness. When once a conquered people's attention is turned towards peace, it is only with extreme reluctance that it decides upon re-open ing the war. It is in this general rule that we find the strongest justification of the French Government in refusing to call a National Assembly until every re source for the relief of Paris had been exhausted. To call an Assembly is to acknowle Ige defeat. The French nation, previously to the defeat of CHANZY, could not persuade itself that its fall was irretrievable, and therefore it obeyed M. GAINIBETTA'S orders so readily and universally. It is true that the prolongation of the war after Sedan greatly in creased the loss of life and destruction of property. But the proper way to avoid such calamities was to have kept the peace last July, not to have cravenly refused a struggle for the redemp tion of a disgraceful and demoralizing defeat. It may be presumed that if the German terms are in any way acceptable the French National Assembly will take them. It would be premature, however, to entertain perfect confidence in the end of the contest. The French are an imaginative people, and at the end of three weeks they may forget the loss of Paris as readily as they forgot the loss of Metz. More over, many men whose voice might be for peace are absent from France, and c innot return. M. ROUHER, who was the soul of the Imperialist party in the Corps L4gislatif, M. 0 LLIVIER, M. FORCA DE, and many others cannot without great danger re-enter the country. The banishment of the Orleanist princes is main tained. Thus the Republicans have two immense advantages on their side. They are the party in power, and their chief opponents are incapable of competing with them. Even amongst the Repub licans, however, many ;of the moderate thinkers must be convinced that fighting on is useless; and therefore the chances are probably at least as much in favour of peace as of continuing the war. GAMBETTA may organise the Reds in favour of further resistance. But FAVRE, PICARD, and others apparently desire peace; and in the absence of means for carrying on an Orleanist or Imperialist campaign, the order loving classes of all opinions will go with them. " Better," will say the manufacturers and farmers, " a Moderate than a Socialist Republic. If we cannot get the Due D'AIIMALE or NAPOLEON we may as well cast in our lot with the moderate, and patriotic FAVRE." There can be little doubt that the convocation of an Assembly at this crisis greatly improves the prospects of the Republic. True; sign ing a disastrous peace is not a proMising beginning. But then there is practically no rival. SOMETHING like fatality seems to have beset the French arms throughout this campaign. Their most hopeful enterprises end not only iu 'defeat, but in utter disaster. BOURBAKeS expedition to the East is a case in point. Well managed, the attempt to cut the German communications might have had good results; and even if it could not suc ceed, it ought not to have involved anything like ruin. It soon became apparent that it would not s ceed. BOURBAKI moved slowly, manoeuvred poorly—owing verylikely to the bad quality of his troops; he failed to cut off vox WEIRDER, from Belfort, and afterwards failed to drive him away and relieve the besieged for tress. Yet after this repulse it was easy enough to withdraw the French army in safety upon Lyons Bo URBAKI, however, seems to have been overwhelmed, paralyse I, by his failure. He remained inactive for some days, and his troops seem to have melted away in great part. BOURBAKI has shot himself, and only the greatest skill and energy can save his army from complete capture. The campaign is the darkest record of disaster recorded in history. The French failures, and the consequent mismanagement and blundering which convert failures into calamities, are without parallel. TOPICS OF THE DAY. £30,000,000 for the war and £10,000,000 for the national defence, will not certainly do much to restore the equilibrium. CONDENSATION. Amongst the most ingenious contrivance to which the siege of Paris gave rise is that whereby the matter of two whole pages of a paper like the 'limes. has been transmitted from London to Paris. Those pages of the paper which contained communications to relatives in Paris, were photographed with great care by the London Stereoscopic and Photographic Company on pieces of thin and almost transparent paper, about an inch and a half in length, by an inch in width. On these impressions there could be seen by the naked eye only two legible words, "The Tunes," ant six narrow brown bands representing the six columns of printed matter form ing a page of the newspaper. Under the microscope, however, the brown spaces become legible, and every line of the newspaper was found to have been dis tinctly copied, and with the greatest clearness. The photographs were sent ,to Bordeaux for trans mission thence by carrier pigeon to Paris. When received there they were magnified, by the aid of the magic lantern, to a large size ani thrown upon a screen. A. staff of clerks immediately transcribed the messages, and sent them off to the places indicated by the advertisers. Why should not such an art be applied further—to cumbersome catalogues and the like ? Indeed, a whole library on this system might be carried about in the coat pocket. THE ARMY. Sir William Mansfield's visit to England has been, it is understood, undertaken solely in order that the Government might have an opportunity of learning his views with respect to the reorganisation of the army. We are now in a position to state that it is highly probable that the proposals for reform in the army made by the Ministry will at least resemble Sir William's plans. Mr. Trevelyan, we also learn, is about to strongly oppose these proposals, one ground of objec tion being the argument that to exempt men from ser vice in the militia who can become efficient volunteers will be exempting the rich (who have, moreover, time to serve as volunteers) at the expense of the poor. Mr. Trevelyan, will direct his chief opposition against ' all proposals which con tinue t 3 sanction the purchase system. The support he is likely to have in such levelling down principles remains to be seen. The experiment will soon be tried, for Mr. Trevelyan has given notice that he will shortly move resolutions 'in the House of Commons to the effect that the purchase system ought to be abolished, and that the state of affairs at the Horse Guards is eminently unsatisfactory. WORKING MEN AND THE ROYAL MARRIAGE. At a meeting of the Labour Representation League Mr. Latham, the President, introduced a resolution to the effect that the League condemned the offen sive references made to the dowry of the Princess Louise as uncalled-for, and expressed their conviction that the working mon of England would not second the attempt to excite unworthy prejudices in a matter which commended itself to the approval of the nation by its liberal character. He argued that if the civil list required to be readjusted, it should be examined in its principle, and modified so as to avoid individual pain or injustice. Above all things, the working classes must abstain from bitterness and littleness in their dis cussion of party politics. Her Majesty had made an important concession in approving the marriage of her daughter to a subject, and her people should appreciate it accordingly. The resolution was secoudedby Mr. Allan, Secretary of the Amalgamated Engineers, who declared that if they wanted to cut down pensions, dowries, .and sinecures, they Must have a thorough examination, and not squabble about small matters. Several other speakers sup ported the motion, which was passed unanimously. FRENCH BUDGETS. The conlition of the French finances is just now one of the most important questions which French men have to study. Besidesth e immense war indemnit y w hich they will have to raise , they are suffering from the exhausting expenses of the national defence, the forced levies of the Germans, the paralysis of trade, I and destruction of produce, and from the relics of Imperial extravagance. The. funded debt of the Empire rose steadily from £220,000,000 in 1852 to £570,000,000 in 1869. There were gene rally three Budgets. First, there was the Projet de Budget, or draft of the financial outlay and income. Then there was the Budget .Rectifie, or the scheme as amended. These two were reasonable enough, and matters looked well on paper. But the Budget DOnitif, or concluding statement, showing things as they really were, prese nted a very different balance sheet. In 1867 the expenditure in the .Budget Definitlf was £7,000,000 over the Revell - no. This is the last year in which the accounts wore closed, and we need not suppose that the years which followed it were much better balanced. Eighteen hundred and seventy, with its two loans of PNEUMATIC TELEGRAPHY. Among the many improvements introduced into the working of the Post Office must be reckoned an extension of the system of conveying telegrams by means of pneumatic tubes. Such tubes have been in use for some tithe for the conveyance of letters and telegrams, but a new principle has now been introduced, invented by Mr. Siemens, of Berlin. The old system works on the vacuum only, while Mr. Siemens uses the vacuum and pressure alike. The tube laid down in the Telegraphic Department at the Post Office com municates with Telegraph-street and. Fleet-street,, and there is at Telegraph-street an engine which pumps air into a tube. with a force adequate to project what is called "a carrier" to the end of the line. The carrier is a cylinder of felt, which carries the written tele grams. When the carrier starts, the wires inform the St. Martin's-le-Grand officials, and state whether the carrier is for them or for Fleet-street. If for the main office, the pneumatic line is blocked by an ingenious mechanical contrivance, and the carrier is taken out. If. it is destined for •Fleet street its progress is not interrupted. A great amount of work and time is saved by this arrange ment, as was testified by a series of experiments per formed at St. Martin's-le-Grand. , A carrier was sent from Telegraph-street to St. Martin's-le-Grand in one minute 40 seconds, a distance of 880 yards, and to Fleet-street, a distance of '2,027 yards, in four minutes. This was under the new system by pressure, for under the old vaccum system the transit • would have taken eight minutes and a half. The labour saved was that of twelve clerks. It is propose to develope the system as rapidly as possible throughout the chief metropolitan thoroughfares, and to establish a large central station at Charing-cross. THE CUSTODY OF WILLS. If the records of the Probate Court were carefully studied, they would be found to contain ample mate rial for a good many sensational novels. Lord Pen zance, however, wishes to introduce a little more practical common sense into the department of will making, and should his suggestions be a , l opted there will be less room for romance. A testator is at present allowed to keep his will any where be pleases, and the will is, consequently, at the mercy of any person who has access to his papers atter his death, and sometimes a person interested under an intestacy may have such access. If the will has remained in the testator's custody until his death, the law is bound to presume he has destroyed it, though other persons may have had the opportunity of doing so. Lord Penzance complains that the liberty given to a testa tor to keep such an important document as a will anywhere he pleases throws great uncertainty upon his testamentary dispositions. No doubt his lordship has often had to deal with cases in which the law went one way and his own conviction of the justice of the case went another. PnoGRUSS. Our doings as a reforming nation are certainly worthy of self-congratulation. Soon after the great snow-fall in London of January 1867, which all but stopped the street traffic for nearly a fortnight, the City Commissioners of Sewers advertised premiums for the best suggestions or plans to effect the rapid removal of snow from the thoroughfares. Four years have passed away, and the two hundred projects which were sent in have not been even considered. if four years are not sufficient to discover a plan for removing snow, it is no wonder that generations are required to build law courts, improve systems of government, and. to reorganise armies. LONDON STREETS AND SQUARES. • Who will believe that the Metropolitan function aries who, by the number of their managerial offices and Boards of Inquiry appal the - corporations of provincial cities, would so far be • blind to the methods of securing ordinary convenience as to allow no less than eighteen York streets to exist in Lon don ? There is of course a difficulty in procuring names for streets, when the thoroughfares are opened by hundreds yearly ; still, one would imagine that by calling all new streets by the names of the members of the Metropolitan and District Boards, or by some other happy strategem of the kind, the trouble might be at least lessened. It is hard to have to say anything that might be thoughtharsh, or unjust against the Metropolitan Boards of Works. Just at this crisis, inasmuch as we are told that after years of waiting and watching these potential bodies have decided to purchase the desolate and odius in ternal area of Leicester-square for a sum of £50.000. This is an act of charity to all sightseers who visit London, which commands respect from us, and conse quently silence upon any other annoyances afflicting the community, such as the repetition of names in streets in every quarter of the metropolis. EFFECTS OF COLD ON IRON AND STEEL. Some interesting papers read before the Manches ter Literary and Philosophical Society prove that intense cold has no appreciable effect on the strength of iron. Experiments have been made which shew that frozen bars of iron when tested are more crys talline, and show . no sign of fibre, while frozen bars thawed show a good amount of fibre, and are slightly crystalline in the fibre. This is very remarkable, as the thawing would seem to restore the fibre. The question is one of great im portance, especially as it relates to railway acci dents. Sir William Fairbairn contributed a paper, in which he states that . the danger from broken tyres does not in his opinion arise so much from changes of temperature as from the practice of heating the tyres to a dull red heat, and shrinking them on the rim of the wheels. Dr. Joule has made a series of experiments upon the subject, which result in the conclusion that frost does not make either iron or steel brittle, whether the iron be cast or wrought, while other experiments made by Mr. P. Spence indicate that reduction of temperature, other things being equal, increases rather than diminishes the strength of cast-iron. IRISH PROSPECTS. Anyone wha takes up au Irish provincial paper will be struck with the number of law cases, in respect to the land difficulties, now reported in their columns. Fully alive to Sir John Gray's warning words, that every farmer in Ireland has rights and privileges under the New Land Act, which for his own sake and for the benefit of posterity he is bound to see acknowledged, the tenants of cottages and holders TORN GOSNELL AND CO.'S CHERRY ti TOOTH PASTE is greatly superior to any tooth powder ; gives the teeth a pearl whiteness, protects the enamel from decay, and imparts a pleasant fragrance to the breath. Price is. 6d. —Red Bull Wharf, 93, Upper Thames-street, London. NOTHING IMPOSSIBLE. AGUA. AMARELLA restores the Human Hair to its pristine hue, no matter at what age. JOHN GOSNELL and CO. have at length, with the aid of one of the most eminent Chemists, succeeded in perfecting this wonderful liquid. It is now offered to the public in a more con centrated form, and at a lower price. Sold in bottles, 3s. each ; also 5s , 7s. ed., and 15s. each, including brush. Red Bull Wharf, Angel-passage, 93, Upper Thames-street, London, E.C. THEATRES AND AMUSEMENTS. ITALIAN OPERA BUFFA, LYCEUM—AIi Baba. DRURY LANE—RuIe Britannia. Dragon of Wantley. C OVE NT GARDEN —Lottery Ticket. Sleeping Beauty. ADELPHI— Smoke. One Touch of Nature. Mistletoe Bough. HAYMARKET—The Poor Soldier. The Palace of Truth. Uncle's Will. The Spectre Brideg,room. VAUDEVILLE -Chiselling. Two Roses. Elizabeth, or the Invisible Armada. O PE RA COME Blue Devils. Found Drowned IQU The Lottery Ticket. ST. JAMES'S—To Oblige Benson. Jenny Lind War. at Last. OLYMPIC —Poppleton's Predicament. lesque) Paul and Virginia. ROYALTY— Dora's Device. Whittington Junior and his Sensation Cat. Diamond Cut Diamond. GAIETY—A Christmas Story. Alladin IL QU_EEN'I3-A Day After the Wedding. 'Twixt Axe and Nell and (Bur- Crown. ROYAL COURT THEATRE—Turn Him Out. Randall's Thumb. Q.E.D. HOLBORN—Ticket-of-Leave Man. Jezabel. PRlNcEss's—Man of the World. Little Gil Blas. He's a Lunatic. STRAND—On and Off. Lion. PRINCE OF WALES'S—Queen Stork. Ours. Locked In. AututEßA—Miscellaneous Entertainment. POLYTECHNIC—Professor Pepper's War Lecture. After noon and evening. MADAME TussAinfs (Baker-street)—From 10 a.m. till 10 p.m. ls. ; extra rooms, 6d. Living at Ease. Coeur-de- Aj LONDON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 31, 1870. THE conclusion of an armistice, concurrently with the capitulation of Paris, has produced an almost unanimous belief that the war will not be renewed. The neutral Powers, the Germans, Count Ms mAncx, and the French people of at least the North, share this impression. There is of small properties are energetically bestirring them selves. In the South of Ireland, as might have been expected, the majority of the new claims have been put forward. We find in one case compensation demanded for putting manure and seed on a farm. In this instance the landlord complaine I that the tenant had used the drawing-room of the farm building as a cow-house, and in turn demanded his compensation. The chief claims are for " disturb a,lce and improvements" and most of the demands are disputed. Nevertheless the working of the Act u;► b) the present seems to promise covenants which ill be acceptable to all parties, and peace meantime is becoming more general over the country. It is believed that the bill prepared by the Dublin Mansion House Committee for the purchase of the Irish railways by Government, a measure which proposes a tax of a penny in the pound on Irish incomes for three years for the completion of the railway system, and the education question, will occupy much of the attention of the House of Com mons in the coming session. Once these subjects are &Tided, Ireland will probably make rapid strides in the progress which began in the country in 1869, and which continues slowly to manifest itself everywhere. THE OPIUM TRADE. The consumption of opium in the Chinese Empire is on the increase, and it is of importance to ascer tain how far the Indian opium will be superseded - by the native. Indian opium will, it is believed, hold its present position as an article of luxury ; but while the native-grown is greatly inferior in strength and flavour, it displaces the foreign in many inland marts on account of its cheapness. The Deleg ttes of the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce state that according to popular belief four men in every five smoke, and half the women. The British Consul at Tien-tsin considers that the increasing production of the native drug in China might be checked if proper measures were taken in India, and the transit duty of the Malwa opium to Bombay were lowered. The China markets might be supplied at a cheaper rate, and the Indian Government would, in all pro bability, gain more revenue in the end by the in creased demand for Indian opium in those parts of China where it is still preferred. The Indian Government would likewise attain greater returns if they offered larger quantities of opium at the Calcutta auctions where the Bengal drug is sold. The Consul thinks that the wealth of the Chinese is diminished by the unproductive con sumption of opium, and they are, consequently, pre vented from purchasing so many European manufac tures as they might otherwise do. THE ALFONSIST PARTY IN SPAIN. The venerable Marquis de Miraflores, the leader of the party who advocate the elevation of the Prince of Asturias to the Spanish Throne, has addressed a long manifesto to the Epoca, the leading organ of his party. El Debate an nounced that tha Marquis had shewn himself favourable to the conciliatory movement going on in Madrid, among' some prominent politicians, and he therefore feels called upon to explain his situation. He has held no communication with the, persons referred to by the Debate, and shares none of their aspirations. He detests coalitions and attributes all the evils which have resulted from the coalition of 1868, to the union of three an tagonistic parties. He is equally opposed, however, to conspiracies and exaggerated opposition, which only increase evils, and therefore he retires altogether from the political arena. The only true solution for the national difficulties is, he believes, to be found in the proclamation of the Prince of Asturias, who is King by right since the abdication of his mother, and in the establishment of a rezency during his mi nority. He does not share the illusions of those who think the restoration of the Queen would be easy ; but he considers the substitution of an elective for an hereditary monarchy will lead to endless constitutional embarrassments. The Marquis, not withstanding, expresses his respect for the illustrious House of Savoy and his admiration for the young Prince, whose youthful inexperience has accepted a Crown full of thorns ; but neither his political ante cedents, his convictions, nor his intimate and cordial relations with the fallen dynasty, will permit him to give either material or moral support to any King but Alfonso XII. The Marquis is 78 years or age. ROAD STEAMERS FOR INDIA. The Indian Government have recently ordered four of " Thompson's " road steamers, with the in tention of running them between two stations in the Punjaub—viz., Rawul Pinde and Jhelum, a distance of 68* miles. The journey is to be accomplished, inclusive of stoppages, in seven hours, and the train will consist of one omnibus, which will carry 20 first, 20 second, and 20 third-class passengers, and about 50 cwt. of mails and luggage. The estimated cost of the whole of the plant, iacluding buildings, rolling stock, repairing shops, &c., is rather less than £l2O a mile. As a means of transport for troops, and the removal of heavy guns, it is thought that this means of locomotion will prove almost invaluable. From experiments already made with a small engine of this discription, which was purchased by the Indian Government some time back, there is no doubt that the four engines, with their omnibuses, would be capable of transporting 200 men with food, ammunition, and baggage for seven days, at the rate of 100 miles per day. One peculiar advantage these engines appear to possess over the ordinary road steamers arises from the fact that the boiler is on the vertical prin ciple, and therefore a nearly uniform water level is maintained when either ascents or descents are being made. The wheels are to have india-rubber tyres 4* inches thick. Should this experiment be found to answer, we in England may perhaps begin to ask ourselves whether something of the kind should not be tried here. THE HISTORY OF THE REBUS. An ingenious French writer, M. Octave Delepierre has contributed some details to the history of the rebus. Picardy has the honour of being its birth place, but, in fact, this form of playing upon words was known in earlier and ruder times. Men were wont to convey by signs wha' could not be expressed by words. The old Az* generals painted their despatches, and the whole advance of Cortes on Mexico was explained to the Cacique, or ruler, in pictures. In Egypt and China the hieroglyphics were a kind of rebus, and even in England ecclesiastical architec ture of an early date bears traces of such illustettions. Camden tells us that the Rebus in its modern form was imported hom France by the English who accompanied Edward 111, and words and phrases expressed in signs became uni versally popular. A Mr. Foxcraft painted in his room° a fox feigning to be dead on the ice, in the midst of unsuspecting poultry, and it was a common thing for men to take a sign illustrating their name or state. M. Delepierre says the rebus declined in England from the time when tavern signs adopted it, as the Bolt in Tun, the Bull and Mouth, &c., standing for Bolton and Boulogne Mouth. The English rebus, however, was always somewhat clumsy, and seldom gained the point, the vivacity, and the esprit of its French original. sem, 611114 tvtabt HER MAJESTY. OSBORNE, JANUARY 30. The Queen walked and drove this morning, accompa• nied by Princess Louise. Prince Leopold and Princess Beatrice also went out. Prince Arthur left Osborne kir Woolwich. Lieut.-Gen. Viscount Templetowa has left Osborne, THE SPRING CIRCUITS OF THE JUDGES. - The undermentioned circuit was settled on Monday, as follows, viz. :—The South Wales (Mr. Justice Mellor)— Haverfordwest, February 23 ; Cardigan, February 27 ; Carmarthen, March 2; Swansea, March 7; Brecon, March 17 ; Presteign, March 22 ; Chester, March 25. The only circuit now remaining to be fixed is the North Wales (Mr. Baron Bramwell).- ST. JAINIES'S THEATRE. Mrs. John Wood has made her reappearance in the capital farce of "Jenny Lind at Last." Although the circumstances which led to the first representation of the farce have passed away, it still retains enough fun in it to provoke great laughter. The admi rable acting of Mrs. John Wood, and her extraor dinary imitations of Mario, Formes; Titiens, and other great Italian vocalists, however, gave the old farce a new lease of existence ; and " Jenny Lind at last " is quite a relief after the very serious drama of " War." Mrs. John Wood received quite an ovation at the fall of the curtain, and from the genial reception given to the entertainment it will doubtless hold its place in the bill for some time. THE REV. J. JACKSON, VICAR OF LEDBURY. On Sunday,for the first time since the " Ledbury Church Scandal" has been before the public, the Rev. J. Jackson again appeared in the pulpit of the parish church. The rev. gentleman officiated at both services alone. In the morning there was a large congregation. The reverend gentleman selected for his text Romans xii., 21, and after pointing out many Bible characters who had been injured through the revengeful spirit of others, continued his sermon with matter more of a personal nature. He said : —" Why have I brought before your notice these eminent characters from Holy Scripture ? Are they not at this time subjects for our imitation?. We meet to-day under no ordinary circumstances. Since I last addressed you from this place an attempt has been made to deprive me of my rectory, and to brand me with infamy and shame. I need not remind you that my merciless opponents have signally failed in their attempt. Though the decision of two inferior courts, being favourable, confirmed their hopes of r success, yet, thank God, we have a House of Lords ; thank God, we live in a country where the most persecuted of her Majesty's subjects can obtain justice. I have the privi lege of addressing you here this day ; and with what feelings? Do I return to you ; in a revengeful spirit or in the spirit of peace ? Now that this warfare is over, now that this litigation is at an end, let the characters which I have brought before you be copies for ourselves. I cannot, of course, direct the minds of my opponents, if by that unhappy title they wish themselves to be any longer designated, but so far as regards myself, though my persecutors have inflicted upon me an amount of misery, anxiety and loss, which at my time of life it will be difficult to overcome, and by the variety of crimes they laid to my charge, hoped to inflict a more serious and lasting damage, which has been pro videntially frustrated ; notwithstanding all these things, as a Christian man, and standing here as a Christian minister, they have my forgiveness. Let us all bear in mind, friend or foe, that we have one day to stand before a Judge, and receive a sentence from which there will be no court of final appeal. There will the books be opened, and we shall have to be judged by what is written therein. How shall it be in that day with the uncharitable and unforgiving ?" THE FRENCH PEASANT FARMERS' SEED _ FUND. A public meeting in aid of the above fund was held at the Salisbury Hotel, London, on Monday afternoon, Lord Vernon iu the chair. A report of the Executive Committee was read, from which it appeared that the Committee have given their at tention to the formation of country committees in order that the necessary steps should be taken for the prompt collection of subscriptions. Several satisfactory replies have been received, and in some counties meetings have already been held. M. Drouyn de Lhuys had written to Lord Vernon making some valuable suggestions as to the distribution of the seed corn, and after expressing regret at being unable to attend the last meeting of the com mittee, he added, " The impulse having been given, I feel convinced that the movement will not be arrested until the object has been attained, the well-known perseverance of your nation being a sufficient guarantee. The English farmer does not abandon his plough in the middle of the furrow." The remainder of the report was devoted to cor respondence which has taken place between the committee and the agents of the societies abroad, and to the arrange ments made with some of the railway companies for the free transit for contributions of grains, and to the financial statement, from which it appeared that money donations already promised amount to £2,076 ss. 11d., of which sum about £9OO has already been ,received, in addition to, which large quantities of grain have been given. The Chairman said the first thing that would strike them on hearing the report read was that consequences had occurred which owing to the vicissitudes of war, had rendered it almost obsolete, while this made the report of somewhat less value, he was sure they would all congratulate the country which had been desolated by war that the cloud which had hung over it was rolling back, and the silver lining 'was gradually appearing. (Hear, hear.) The report shewed that the committee had not neglected their duty. The committee had been in communication with the Scotch and Irish Societies so as to secure unanimity of relief. The thanks of the Com mittee were particularly due to Colonel Lloyd Lindsay, and also to the representatives of the press abroad, for the aid they have rendered the society. The French Government had agreed to a scheme of transportation, and it would be for that meeting to say when the distribution should take place. He hoped that a better future was dawning for France, and if through this society they could be the means of relieving the pressing necessity, which was no doubt weighing down the spirits of hundreds of the French people, a great international step would be 1 taken, which would cement the bonds of friendship per manently between the two countries. The Earl of Airlie moved, and Captain Talbot, M.P., seconded, the adoption of the report, which was unani mously agreed to. Captain Talbot, M.P., then moved, and Mr. J. 13- Robinson seconded, the following resolution : " That it is desirable to secure an agent to go to France to assist io the distribution of the funds of the committee." • Mr. H. M. Jenkins suggested that the words " or agent of the executive committee think necessary" be added to the resolution. This was agreed to, and the resolution 0 ,4 altered was carried unanimously. Mr. Caird, C. 8., then moved—" That, considering the armistice which had just taken place, and the prospect of an early peace, the committee recognising the ad vantage of making an early beginning, entrust to the executiv e all the arrangements they may deem most expedient for the distribution of seed, hoping that the instrumentali t y of the French Minister of Agriculture may be utilised in so far as may be found possible." Mr. Aveling seconded the resolution, which after some discussion was carried. Mr. Gibbs, hon. secretary, then read a list of subscriP,' tions amounting to about £ 4OO which had been receiveo, that day, and also a list of the articles, in kind, which he , o been sent in since the last meeting. A vote of thanks was then passed to Lord Vernon f or ' presiding, and the proceedings were brought to a close. rec THE MEMOIR or M. W. BALFE.—We under stand that Mr. St. Leger has presented his Royal WO ness the Duke of Cambridge with a copy of his book , called " Reminiscences of M. W. Balfe," recently noticed at some length in the Sun, and that Mr. St. Leger 1 0 received a very flattering letter from the Hon. JaLIO ° Macdonald, written by desire of his Royal High lo l; thanking Mr. St. Leger for his book, and graciollou accepting the same. The book was printed on velloo, toned paper, bound in emera ld g reen watered silk, wit" his Royal Highness's monogram and ducal coronet In gold, and got up in the first s ty le of ele g ance by IVlessr°' Henderson, Rait and Co., Berners-street, Oxford-stre et. AMATEUR THEATRICALS.— On Tuesday eve"" a dramatic perfor mance took p lace in St. George's 1-01:,' Langham-place, in aid of the funds of the Opthalir l .; Hospital. The corps of amateurs acting on the occasic)" w e re the " Essayists , " andthe p ieces selectedwere Park Francais," and " Th e Ticket-of-Leave Man." efj 't the farce Mr. K ennawa y 's Victor was the bo supported 'male character, but the female 13,1 were each admirably sustained by Miss Harr i f - f: Miss Warrel, and Mrs. Newberry. In the " Tick e l3ob Leave Man" Mr. Leighton supported the part a Brierly with excellent effect. He seemed q uite ate °' y ",., in the character, and never during the whole of thg.fig f ormance forgot his Lancashire dialect. He evidently a good notion of the requirements necessary for raree a good actor. Mr. Lambert supported the part a ur. v e, Jones, and Mr. Powys that of Hawkshaw, the Detect!, 0 1 with some ability, whilst Mr. Merry threw a good d 0 . 017 eccentricity into the part of Melter Moss. His roAk e , ce l . and conception of the part were bot 0-0,5 • lent, and, after Bob Brierley, it has_, best-sustained character in the drama. xis gr , e as Harrison made a good Jane Willoughby, Norton's Jem Dalton was satisfactory. Miss Maripyi May Edwards, and Mrs. Newberry as Mrs. Wilougto.ad were both excellent in their respective parts. I-h e , w ill was very inefficient, and the Essayists, we doubt v , D ol s secure a better one on their next performance. the.,4, was crowded, and the night's entertainment gave ge" _satisfaction. THE EUROPEAN WAR. The SUN is Published Every Morning at EIGIIT O'CLOCK, with SOME HOURS' LATER NEWS than any other paper. This Edition will always contain the LATEST NEWS of the WAR, and of all other events.