The Sun. — London, England, 1857-08-18 00:00:00

3 1 0 NT BLANo WILL CLO - E ON SATURDAY NIG T, Aug. 22d. THE MUTINY in INDIA A QUESTION of R 4C rl.—A New and most intercwing LeC:ure is delivered on the a ove subject every evening at 8 o'clock, by Dr. Seaton, at Dr. KAHN'S. MUSF,IIM, 4, Coventry-street, Leicester-square. Lectures are also delivered as follows :—At 3 o'clock, Dr. Rahn on the • Philosophy of Marriage:" and at 2 *nd 4, by Dr. Seaton, on "Artificial Digestion." Admission, One Shilling.—The Museum Is open from ten till ten. BANK OF DEPOSIT.—Th!s Company was establshed in 1544, for the purpose of opening to the public a n easy end unrrestionattly safe mode of inve3tment, with a high and uniform rate of interest. Deros7t Account Inv be opened with sums of env amount, and incrcascd from .ime to time, at the convenience of depositors. PAYMENT OF INTEREST. w The intered is payableinJanuary and .I , ly, and for the conve nience of parties residing at a distance may be received at the Br nth offices. or remitted through coun ry hankers. PETER MORR BO'S, 3. Pall-m+ll East, London. Managing Director. Forms for opening accounts, and further particulars, forwarded, post free, on ap 'location, GREAT WESTERN - RAILWAY.- Tourists' Tickets to North and gonth Wale., avails.hie for Twenty-eight Days, are now tassel at the Paddington Station. Farei : - 7 , 5. and s^s. Further particulars on application at the Company's Offices. BEAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- Family Tickets • o Weymouth , for periods extPn lin g from a „. ortnizilt to Tnree Months, are now issu. d at the Padd!n,ton Sta. ti ( m, at very reduced fares, particulars of which cart be known on aPplication at the Com ; alys Offices. GREAT WESTERN RNILWAY._ CHANNEL ISLANDS.—Tic , ets to . Jersey and Guernsey, 'IA treymonth, are now issued at the Padd ngton Station, enabling Passengers to !Weak the journey at Chippenham, Dorchester, or I Vernouth.' Fares, Rail and Boat: -31 s. and 21s. Further particulars can be obtained o r application at the Com- Pan3's Offices. REAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- if Isl. of Man, Bangor. Beaumaris, an I landudno. Ti kots for Twentr-eight Dip are now issued at the Paddington Station. Fares : —Tsle of van, 60s. and 453.; Bangor, Beaum iris, and Llan. du 'nu°, 703. and 50s passengers may break the journey at Chester, and proceed to ) /faVi ster, the fare there and back being included in the above fares. Further particulars may be known on application at the Company's Offices. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- TOURISTS' and SEA-SIDE FAMILY TICKETS. Tourists Tickets to Plymoah, ava I alie for Three Weeks, are now issued at the Paddington Station. enabling p issengers to stop at Cleve 'on, Westol-super- Mare, Torqulv ' or Totness, either going or returning. First class, £3 10s ; second class, £2 its Tourists' Tickets to Bideford, avaitable for three weeks, are now issued at the Paddington Station, allowing passengers to sty, either going or returning. at Exeter, Eggesford, Barnstaple, and Inston.— Pares, £1 10s. and £2 10s. flea-side i/amilv Tickets to Dawlish, Telgnmonth, and Torquay, Ire now i , sued at the Paddin2ton Station, to parties of three per sons, mailable for Twenty-eight Days. First class, £2 10s.; second Class,3ss. These tickets are available by any train ; they are not transferable, nor do they entitle the holder to travel twlca in the same direction over any portion of the lines of railway. C 1 9 REAT WESTERN RAILWAY. — , At the lost TI IT,F YE RLY GENER 11. MEETING of the Great Western Railway Company, held at the Company's 0111ces. Bristol, on Friday, the 14th day of August, 1857, 'rho iTon. F iiER•CK G. B. PONSONBY in the Chair, the Report of the Directors (having been already circulated) was, by desire I>f the Meeting, taken as read: Upon a resolution duly moved for the adoption of the said Report the following amendment was proposed by Mr. William Malins, and seconded by Mr. John A. Edwards : That so much of the Report as provides for the payment of a dividend of 16 per cent. be confirmed; but that the remainder of the *eport, together with the accounts, be re erred to a Committee of Six Pro , rietors, with power to examine a'l hooks and documents, and to call for the services of the °Metals in possession thereof. and to rrport thereon at a Special Meeting to be convened by the Direc tors on their request to receive the same. 'upon the question being put on the amendment it was negatived upon a show of hands by a considerable majority of the Proprietors Present. It was then Resolved,— That the Report of the Directors be received and adopted, as circu lated among the Proprietors. Resolved, - That a Dividend, at the rate of one per cent. per annum for the ha lf Year ending 30th June last, be ordered to be psid on and after me Ist September next, on the Consolidated stock of the Company, and on the amount called up of the Great We tern (Windsor) Shares. Resolved,— That the sum of 40,0001., referred to in the Report of the Directors received this day, be voted by this Meeting for additional locomotive Plant required for the service of the Company. FREDERICK PONSONBY, Chairman. MANCITESTER Trains from T.oneon. King's-Cross Station. Leave Arrival G :10 a.m. / 7 30 „ 4 26 p.m. 9 30 „ 10 0 „ 320 „ 11 0 „ 510 „ 145 p.m. 10 10 „ 530 „ 10 10 „ 8-46 2 30 a.m. SUN Leave Arrival *7 30 aM. }: 5 0 p.m . 10 30 ~ 5 30 p.m. 10 50 „ ART TREASURES kT NORTHERN' RAILWAY. Trains from Manche=ter. London-road station. Leave Arrival *6 5 a.m. 4 15 p.m. 9 20 „ 4 0 „ 9 55 „ 3 15 „ *ll 30 ~ 6 0 „ 145 p.m. 9 39 „ 5 20 „ 10 40 8 30 „ 930 „ 3 30 a.m. , AYS. Leave Arrival 7 0 a.m. ) *ll 45 „ 7 15 p.m. 330 p.m. I 10 40 „ 520 „ ) )nd class, by all Trains ; and 15s. Fares:-355. first class; 255. sec Bd. third class, by Trains m •rked*. Care must be taken at Manchester to silkier tickets via the Great Northern route. DAY TICKETS, available for Seven Days, are issued b y an y train f , r .P I King's Cross Station to Manchester at 52 s 61 . fir s t class, and .13. • d. secord c. EXCURSION Iass TRAIVS, until further notice, will leave King's Cross Station,.every WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY, at 1 1 .40 a.m for Manchester; and Manchester, on the same days, at 1 t.O a.m., for King's Cross, by which tickets will be issued at 21s. first class, and 125. 6d closed carriages, available for return by spec! al Trains 2., t ile Wednesday or Saturday next following the date of is s ue. ' And EXCURSION TICKET:?, available for 24 days, will be issued same trains. returning on any Wednesday or - a urday within that h ifin?. Fares-375. first class, and 173. closed carriages. T; ekeis are issued by the same Excursion Trains on Wednesdays Saturdays,and and on the same .condltions, to ant from Guide Bridge. N ewton, Mottram, Tinting, Hadfield, Penistone, and King's Crew Tiekeis for the above excursions can be obtained at the King's , c ,rosa Station ; and [f o r Manchester only]. at the Gre a t Northern nece:ving Offices, " Bull and Mouth, St. Martin's le-Grand ;" " 16, Plsh-street-hm .. 264, Holborn ;" " 32. Regent-circus, Piccadilly ;" 1 ' 62 and 63, Bridge-road, Lambeth ;" " 269, r-trand ;" • 38, Charing C ress t" 27, King-street. Cheapside ;" " 351. Oxford-street ;" " George xe lnn, Borough ;" " 43 and 44 , Crutche d Friars." For further phllaarntdicbtidasr.s see the limo tables of the Company, and the n r ßy order, • King's Cross Station, August 12, 1857. QUITE NE IV, SOYER'S SULTANA'S SAUCE. —A most refreshing and pleasing stimulant to the appetite, comeosed Principally of Turkish condiments, combined with various culinary Productions of the East It is an exquisite relish with Fish, Melt, Poultry, and Game, and forms a valuable addition to Soups, Minces, Hashes, stews. Meat Pies and Puvidirgs, as well al to Salads of every description. To Speaks and Chops it imparts a highly delicious and aromatic flavour. To be had of all sauce Vendors, and of the sole Wholesale Agent., Crosse and Blackwell, Purveyors to the Queen, 21, Soho square, London. R. HOWARD, surgeon-Dentist, 52, Fleet street, has introduced an entirely new description of ARTI FICIAL TKETH ,fixed without springs, wires, or ligatures. They so Perfectly resemble the natural teeth as not to be distinguished from the original by the closest observer; they will never chance colour or d ecay, and will be found very superior to any teeth ever before used. This method does not require the extraction of roots, or any painful Operation, and will support and preserve teeth that are loose, and is frnaranteed to restore articulation and mastication; and that Mr. Howard's improvement may be within the reach of the mo-t econo "'lea], he has fixed the charges at the lowest sca , e poesib'e. 1)a -cayed teeth stmped and r •ndered sound and useful In mastica tion.---52, Fleet-street. At 'ome from ten till five. DII BARRY'S CELPBRATED INFANTS FOOD, for DELIC kTE INFANTS, CHILDREN, and IN VALIDS. Supersedes the expense and dangers of wet nursing, is Ln o re easily drgested, and imparts more healthful nourishment than 4 . 11 k ; acidity, cramps, bowel complaints, flatulency, cough, restless n ac;"( eta, eruptions, are avoided b y it. a nd p erfect regularity of the sYstetn and sound sleep in aired. Many resnect able fam ilies who have rea_e 1 and saved delicate Infants by this Food can be referred to, and a copy of their Testimonials may be had free on forwarding It_ stamped and addressed envelope to Barry Da ta r r y and Co., 77, I:efOnt-street, London. Prices: —ln Canisters , is.; 25 .; and 121 b. at 21e. The large Canister will be forwarded tree of carriage on receipt of Poet Office Order. 'ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-Road. Patron—The QUEEN: Founded 1828. The sick poor are admitte lon their own application alone. No recommendation is required. Ditring the past wee , t, 2,664 patients received the benefits of this Charity, either as out or in-door patients, and sine. 3 its foundation to 31st bec., 1856, the number relieved is upwards of 880,600. The Committee entreat AID to enable them to continue this great Work of charity. • Treasurer and Banker—John Maiterman, Esq., Nicholas-lane. CANCER, HOSPITAL, London and West Ilrompton.—Pecretary's Office, 167. Piccadilly.—This Institti- Con has been established exclusively for the treatment of the poor afflicted with cancerous diseases. Out-door patients to attend at 167, Piccadilly, on Tuesdays, at 2 o'clock. In-door patients are admitted at the lirompton Esta . lishment, for one month, and for a longer period If recommended by the edical officers. The number of per sons under treatment as in or out-door patients have averaged for the last three years about 400 cases each ear. Since the foundation of this Hospital in 1851, 1,799 poor persons, suffering under every form of this dr'adful malady, have received the benefits of this Charity. A Weekly Hoard manage Its affairs, and every informa tion connected with the Institution may be obtained on application to the Secretary. Contributions to enable the Committee to continue this i:reat :work of benevolence are ur g ently solicited, and may b e paid to William Loxham Farrar, Eoq., the Treasurer, 66, I.llicoln'N. inn -fields; Messrs. Coutts and Co., Strand; and at the Secretary's Offlces, 167, Piccadilly By order. W. J. COCKERILL Secretary. TIIF. SEEM.; r INFIRMITIES OF YOUTII AND MA.TuRiTy Just pibllshed, price Is., post free, In an Envelope, for 13 stamps, SELF- PRESERVAT lON. — A . - N1 edi cal Treatise on the Functions and Disorders of the Generative System, and on the cure of Nervous and Physical Debility, resulting iron: vicious habits Required during the critical passage from youth 10 MPTIIINA, with practical observailons on the Physiology of Mar riage in its social, moral, and physical re'ations. To which are added fl marks on the wonder • of the Microscope in revealing the hidden mysteries "of Life within Life,' and its advantages in detecting, by urinary examination, the cause and effect of every Variety of these complaints, with numerous engravings and caves. RY SAMUEL LA'MERT; M.D., 37, BCDFOED SQUARE, LONDON', Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary atern',er of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of .Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., &c equences resulting from certain habit he essential object of this treatise to . point out the fearful eon hich have produced more miserystainSe' sl l ,rj u t t gn h, la d ri e t g i r e a rt d , a a t n io d o er o ce s s i ya n : Man hood, and premature decay at all ether class of ells we known to modern' pathologists, than, perhaps, any secret Its p d e o r o u b s t a s l o is f particularly recommended to persons entertaining tho r rtivs cnndition, and who are conscious of having hazarded the 1, ,, a happiness, and privileges to mach every human being is It i e.bsialutely necessary that all men should know that there are trinelples of personal m ana g ement which cannot be violatedlVith out incurring grievous penalties, and when wi s d om and regret suc ceed- of incousiderate self-indulgence, how th ose penalties the heyday may be mitigated, how the sting of their bitterness 'nay be removed, and how the evil and its consequences may be avoided, and, above all, that there is scarcely any degree of physical infirmity or functional derangement to which the timely a id of science canno t apply a cure. Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick-lane, Paternoster row, and may be had of Mann, 39, Cornhlll ; Home, 19, Leicester-square , Genlon, 146, Leadenhall street or from the Author, who may be consulted daily, from 11 till 2, and from f, till 8, at his residence, 37 Bed ford. square, London. 'I he work may be had in India, of Mr. Von Litzky, Loll Bazaar ; Calcutta—Messrs. C. and J. Hormusice, Apollo-street; Bombay— Circulator Office ; Madras—Mclussillte Office; Agra Dodsworth ; Colombo, Ceylon; and o 1 all B . asellors th outgo a theColonlo .ses ebb wu tha divorce, to euter duty of e that it be bad far as to iberty Flrty to 3 variouti Anse wall , to pro ould not roved, in right hvn rersity of ice, viz., thereto," the mar• save out in order take its tly sane ; but be ndment-- is end oi tition the again, but , lags pro. act, shall or other to mar*? a whole, t it. The ,rry again, did. At giving the rated that ,•i to exer o had the tge vow at we an op r to lead had been tr.) That t was pro- rantage of gentleman v precisely would be election of o bear that ember that ctions willt one hand, It to &situ mt, on the ay from a of prohibit marriage leer gainSt to uombero 50 110 -60 stood ntxt, to move it )10 the emu- 104 of the and ob" evolve itself to the ma• 4 sufficient is intention the subject rawal of tbd RELAND) considered ON BILL• t bill ought of tho,ses• Leman (gr. J move that withdrswn, nd unintel• bad no heal a metropolis I be found the ground tight almost :ear.) going into .. 23-21 going into move that mmittee and ► into 00121' s hope tbst d, and that more thaa 3 motion for inmittee prO 5 adjourned ÜB. mongat the ,erday after' silver tan of plate for by Mr. C. I, at which eather cog erable. 2 ser.l tit 0 sta t wag f the boats a mile at a ;htly in ad , Blue there 3k kept the pre watt not rd. presented r: 23. This part of the tti4, lnd to of pounds able work, prehensive ever pub red of any or at the Lon-squaro h Brixtong north, the Kent, the Indus Ro• n, of Lin• Alumford, ,youngest Colhara- terwortb, Joh❑ Da, f surgeon. rk, Thos • 'lon, age, m. Mogg ed 93. ue-street , e 3i pt r io3 d l (DUNG lice, IC o te couuty . 44 u . 20,.3.) PUBLICATIO 3. MRS. GORE'S NEW NOVEL. T HE TWO ARISTOCRACIES, Is now ready at all the Libiaries, in 3 vols. From the TIMES, Aug. 13: Mrs. Gore's new novel, The Two Aristocracies,' is a brilliant picture, in which the lords of trade are compared with the lords of land. With that' fertility which never degenerates, and that energy which never flags, she has, in The rwo Aristocracies' produced a tale worthy of a place beside the best or her previous productions." Hurst and Blackest, Publisher., 13, Great lfarlborough•street. LADY FALKLAND'S NEW WORK INDIA. Yow ready in 2 vols. Bvo, with Illustrations, 30s. 0 W-G H 0 C Bang Selection) from a Journal kept in INDIA, &c. By the Vise° , ntess FkLK L A I , : D. " Lady Falkland's work may be read with int list end pleasure— and the reader. unle=s lie Oriental att Ainments are hes ( lid the common, will rise from the perusal instructed as well as amused." —Ather.murn ilursi'and-Blaeliett, Publishers, 13, Greal 31arlborau,gh-street. SIR JAMES ALEXANDER'S NEW WORK. Now ready, in 2 vcls, with illustrations, 21s. PASSAGES in the LIFE of A SOLDIER ; or, Military Service in the East and West. By Lieut.- Colonel Sir -JAHEi E. ALEXA' DER, K.C.L.S., &c. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough-s reet.7 NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OF " VERDANT GREEN j AN OXFORD FRESHMAN." To-morrow, in crown Bvo, with 47 Il.ustrations, Two Shillings. NEARER AND DEARER. By CUTHBERT BEDE, Author of " Veribmt Green." London: Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. THE ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH. —Just published, by order of the Directors. pr ce.Eight een pence. A NARRATIVE, historical and Descriptive, of the Geo graphical, Electrical ant Mechanical Features of this great under taking; and of the Scientific Appliances adopted for c trr3 ing out the work, with reasons for their adoption.—May be had on applica tion to Mr. George Sawart, the secretary of the Athadia Tel graph Company, 22, Old Broad street, London; Mes-rs. tsmit ; and Sons, Strat:d ; or may be obtained through any respectable bookseller, from the publishers, Messrs. Jarrold, St. Patil's Church-yard. . On the let of August was published, price One Shilling. FEIST'S RACING RECORD. Edited by ALB " FEIST, ' Editor of the Turf Department of the '* Sunday Times," and Re porter of Sporting Intelligence to the 1 ondon Daily Papers. The M mthly parts may be obtained separately, pri - e two-pence each. The next par, will be puhlishcci on the Ist of September. Ad vertisements cannot be received lit 2 than the 24th of August. W. Wright, sporting printer and publisher, Fulwood's Rents, Hol- born. London, The Third Edith'''. Jugt Pabifibc I, Jric , , 53., by post, fro?. 53. 5d ON TRUE it FALSE SPERMATOR itil( EA , with the View of distinguishing the Imaginary from the Real Sufferers under this disease, and Correcting of wide-spread Errors in relation to their Treatment and Cure. Translated from the German of Dr. PICKFORD. "Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his frequent practl. sal contributions to German medical literature. This is the first . imo, he informs as, that he has addressed himself to the non-medi :al reader. W 3 trust this may not be the last, if be shall letect any Ater equally flagrant evil which it may be in his power to cor rect."—London Medical Gazette. " The tribe of ' Quiet Sympathisers, and .Medical Friends,' are mercilessly exposed; and if this book bald find its wz.y Into the hands of those who stiffer from the com plaint of which It treats, we are satisfied that many hundreds would be saved much needless suffering of body and mind, and what is of leas importance, though it is that which the quacks most prize -ouch money.... —This volume is well qualified to put an end to tilt .imptrical syfetcm of treating Spermatorrhma, and to place the treat nent upon a more rational and physiological basis. It is, therefore, Ikely to do much good."—Medical Circular. London: TI. Ralliere, 219, Ref:ant-street. ir OR the SEA. SIDE. —T RAVELLING SUITS, with Cap, complete, 21. lEis to Three Guineas; the Beaufort Coat, 2/. 10s. • the new .ummer Trousers, One Guinea ; Baden Waistcoats, Two for One Guinea. EXCELLENCE WITH ECONOMY. GEORGE HOBSON, 57, Lombard-street. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That the Books of THE i ONDON UNADITITERATEq FOOD COMPANY (Limited) are Closed for Twenty. one days from the date hereof, in conformity with the provisions of the Joint-Stock Companies Act, lasg. Dated this 17in day of August, 1857. By ord , r o' the Board. WILLIAM CEP3B, General Manager. A N ACT OF GRATITUDE.-5,000 Copies of a Medical Bock foe Gratuitous Circulation.—Gacaton Thomas, Fag., haying been effectually cured ofneryous debility, loss ofmemory, and dimness of sight, resulting from the early errors of youth, by following the instructions given in a Medical Work by a Pha sician, he considers it his duty, in gratitude to the author, and for the benefit of nervous sufferers, to publish the means used. He will therefore send free, to any ad•lress, in a sealed envelope, on receipt of a direct ed envelope enclnsing two stamps, to pre-pav postage, a copy of the medical work containing every Information required. Address, G. Thomas, Esq - , Craven House, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. PRINCE ALBERT ROAD, Hyde-park.---In this delightful and desirable neighbourhood are to he LET or SOLD several select and elegantly finished Residences; their architec tural display is of the highest order, and the internal arrangements :re everything that can possibly be desired; in size they are butted or the occupancy of both the Nobleman and Gentleman, and the =tudv of comfort has been the chief object of the builder. This now most fashionable part of London renders the 'locality of these buildings undeniable, being contiguous to Kensington-gardens, with Its beautiful walks, end H yde-park, with its rides and d. Ives; added to which the salubrity of the air of Kensington-gore Is prover ,, ial. and considered by the faculty the most healthful in the vicinity of the metropolis. Apply at the Office, •1, Prince Albert-Road, South Kensington. ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPACITY, AI. D IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. New and Improved Edition, enlarged to 196 pages, illustrated by 100 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel, just published, price, free by post, ls., THE SILENT FRIEND : "A Medical Work en the physical exhaustion and decay of the frame, from the effects of solitary indulgence, infection, and the injurious conse quences from the use of Mercury ; with observations on the oblige• eons of marriage, and dir , ctions for obviating certain disqualifica tions. By I!. and L. PI RRY and CO., Surgeons. Soid by J. Allen, 20, Warwick -tangy, Paternoster-row; Sanger, 160, Oxford-street; and Cordon, 146. Lead , shall-street, London. CORDIAL BALM of SYRIACUM is employed in both sexes to renovate the impaired powers of life. Its action is purely baN ar m e; Its power in reinvignrAting the frame in all cases of nervous and sexual debility, obstinate sleets, impotency, barrenness, and debi lities arising from venereal excesses, has teen demonstrated by its unvarying success in thonsands of cases. Price 11s. per bottle, or four quantities in one for 335., which saves 11s. The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an a• - tti-syphi- We remedy, for purifying the system, and is recommended for any of the varied forms of secondary symptoms, such as eruptions on the , kin, blotches on the heal and face, enlargements of the throat, tonsils, and uvula; threat: ned destruction of the nose, palate, &c. ifs action is purely detersive. and its beneficial influence on the systPm is undeniable. Price I Is. and 335. per bottle, also a saving of Ils. PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS constitute an &fee :ant remedy in either sex for all cases of gonorrhcea, glect, stricture, and diseases of the urinary organs. Price 2s. 9d., 43. 6d , ant I Is. er box. Sold by Pantel Church, 78. Gracechureb-street, City; Bartlett llooper. 43, Ring William-street (fonr doors from London Bridge) ; G. F. Watts, 17, Strand ; W. Sutton and Co., 10, Bow-churchyard; W. EtKvards. 67, Xt. Paul's-churchyard ; J. Sanger, 150. Oxford street ; Hannay ant Dietrichsen. 63. Oxford-street ; Witter and 'larding, 4, Cheapside ; Prout and liarsant, 229, Strand ; and all medicine vendors throughout the United Kingdom. NO MORE PILLS NOR ANY OTHER MEDICINE CURES (without Physic) of indigestion (Dyspepsia), Constipatiol Flatulency, Phlegm, all Nervous, Bilious, and Liver Complaints Hysteria, Nenralgia, Dysebtry, Diarrhoea, Acidity, Palpitation, Heartbur n, Sickness n ( c d h u i t r i l , n , g p e r o e n g s n u a m n p c y t i o o n r , a au t s o s C a ) h , li S a i n r e k i n n , s g c F . o l m s . , Hear tb u rn, Headache. Debility, Despondency, Cramps, S.‘asms , pNCloaauuingshtesa:are effected by n u BARRY'S delicious REVALENTA ji If ARA.BICA FOOD, which restores health without purging, incr nv enience, or ekpense, as it saves fift y times its cost in oth er remedies. It is, moreover, the best food for infants and invalids generally, as it never turns acid on the weakest stomach, nor inter feres with a good liberal diet, but imparts a healthy relish for lunch and inner, and restores the faculty of digestion, and nervous and mus: d nlar energy to the most enfeebled. We extract a few out of the many thousand expressions of grati tude from invalids : — Cu re N 0.71, of dyspepsia, from tbe Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de Decles " I have derived co siderable benefit from Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, and consider it due to y urselves and the public to authorise the publication of these lines. Stuart de Decies." - raiz:. No. 49,83 2 "F i t y years' in,lesrribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, Constipation, flatulency, spasms, and sickness at the stomac and vomitWoinr, ham have been removed by Du Barry's exce l l ent Food. ria Joly, r Ling, near Digs, Nortolk."— Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of' Fazing Vicarage, Waltham Cross, Herta, a cure of extreme ner vousness, indigestion, gatherings. low spirits, and nervous fancies.— Cure No. 48,314. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre, near Liver pool : a cure of ten's dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irrita bility. Cure No 18,216. Dr,Andrew Ure of constipation. dyspep sia, nervous irritability. Cure No. 31,2' 0. Dr. Shoreland of dropsy and debility. Care NO. 36,212. Captain Allan of epileptic tits Cure No 42,116. Major Edie of eniar,ement of the liver and total prostration of strength. Cure No.. 35,418. Rev. Dr. Minster of cramps, spasms, and daily vomitings, Cure. No. 26,418. Dr. Har vey of diarrhoea and debility; Cure No, 25+628. W Dr. urtzer of consumption. Cure No. 32,883. William Hunts, Esq., barrister, of paralysys. Cure `' o. 46,270. Mr. James Robero, wood merchant, of thir•y years diseased lungs, spitting of bi , od, liver derangement, rsrti al dea•ness. Cure N0.,4 ,5 14. Mr. Seward Laston, Leicester, of two years' diarrhoea. Cure No. 52,612. The Dowager Countess of Cestlestuart, of many years' nervous irrati b i lit y , bile, and indi-• ge4tion. Cure No. 54,812. Miss Virginia Zegu ers • con stipation, Indigestion, cured of con sumption, after her medical advisers had abandoned all hopes of y y cured servant a u a consulted recovery. Cure No, 180. "Twenty - five years' nervousness, cons pepsia, nervousness, , misery, and which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been l w h'c h amland debility, from which T have suffered great Barry'sFocdthein Reeves, 181, Fleet-strect London." No. 4,208. "Night years' debility,dis wit crarns,spiins, a n d nausea , effectually cured by D advice v ‘ i • c e e ry o m short a tune. ,y. velVb. been happy to answer an a Barry's health restoring food. 1 shell be Norfolk." N. Y . inquiries . 128 Rev. John navel. Ridlinaton Rec tory,with pains In my nee Lid6j " Three years' excessive net vousncss, dered my life very misesabeft arm, and general d• Witty, which ren le h Barry's health restoring Food. sl • , as beili radically removed by Da Skibbereen." Cure No. 3,906. , ex. - quart, Archdeacon of Ross, and general dtbility have been " Thirteen years' cough. indigestion, Revalenta Arabica rood James Porter, by lin Barry's excellent Importan Citation against the fearful Porter, Athol-strret, Perth." ations: fearful dangsrs of spurious imita- The Vice-Chancellor Sir William p Bon on the 10th March, 1854, a-ai age Weed granted an injunc- Imitating " Du Barry's Itevalenta'Arnaststi Alfred Hooper Neville, for ea Food:" Suitably pa:,sed for all climates, and canisters, lib 2s 9d ; 21b 4 6u ; 51b lis with full instructions. In riage free, on receipt of Post-office order. 1•2 - ib '22s. The 121 b car- Co.. 77, Regent-street, London; Fortinittn. Barry Du Barry and Mason, veyors to her Majesty, 182, Piccadilly , also' , and Co., pur street; 330, 430, and 451, Strand ; 4, chaaps't 60 . Gracechurch -150, and 154, Oxford-street. Lae., 119 , ''.'sliopsgate I ADVERTISEUENTI—HoII )way's Pills.—Another won derful cure of Asthma, —Extract of a letter from Mrs. Ann Jove , -, Lord-street, Liverpool, to Professor Hollo way —. • " I was seriously afilcted for five years with asthma, frequently expectorating blood, palpitation of the btart, together with faintness and cold sweat. In this state I continued for several months. I consulted the faculty until all hope of relief vanished, when I was prevailed upon to give your pill; a trial. Under their influence tbis terrible mslady quickly disappeared, and my health is now re-established."—Sold by all medicine ven , lors throughout the world ; at Professor Holloway's, 244, Strand, London, and 80, Ms.ider-lane, New York ; by A. Stamps, Constantinople ; A. Guidicy, Smputs • and E. Muir, Malta! "VII C~ ^ - ~ ~~ , ,- .1 , -.,,..- t-,,. N., v - 4" 0. , ,* - .4.4"-• ~ 47 NV '11'ire....., • ,`. ......, - . '...! •„, :- , l i o*-. o . '' , ~-. ......,—_. . : ... A k , : ~ iiii....... , ............._,.......... . .; •--________ Th , • • Jt; I. 4 , g4 .01b_ik i ,, ,, ,, ~ .-i* .e , $4,,,,,.., ~,C . ,3 (4; ' .'- • . ''.,;. . .. ,. 1 -7 : 1` . , \tsp.. .. • - 1 t -': ' .6gf,,-; ,, , , ,' 4 re,/// - 0, #:. -4. , v , „,« . 4 '4‘ ~,..."'" i : 9) - • ~. --,-- 0 44 L i ~. ~.- : -4 ! = „,' ", , :,, .t., ..' • \ ......- t. -.ooo' --"' 'll - "I ,Vi 4 , '-‘ a , ott%-, i i„,. - *O l4 .I .. ''y, .--- %-- irNs ` 7 Z , \ '-• -iv, 4 AP! —* it csh , 4. r • \-. L .19A4., - . , ...4.,..iir • , i, , ROIT• ,-- It' ---,'-' • ..,.... 0 - Cr, 772 THE INDIAN TELEGRAITLI,V • (Front the .) ‘ c.\l • 4 ; Our correspondent fr,:m 0191..iia in ye , terd , ..3o B paper asks, " Why is it !hitt:Ny - 4 are so far train - - home 1 Why have we 9, 00 0 \ 1P. land and her Eastern clorninionakiatravOlSed kiy. telegraph ?" Lord Palmerston forestallqt onT r i_ • day night this cry from the Antipodes. We are t'. ) have at last au Indian Telegraph. After the Pre_ mier's remarks in the house cn Friday night, we may consider the Government pledged to this woik Out of the chaotic dross of Friday night's debate in which all - 4 vere asked ou of time and pl ace r Liu g in the four guar era of the globe, we extract with pleasure thiA sparkling ore. It is, indeed, a brilliant gem. Lcrd, Palmerston excepted the Indian Telegraph pr()ject from the g.,..neral rule whi c h refus es Government assistance to mainly narrcintile projects,—" it stood in a somewhat different light." Government would Le ready to risy for the IPC of a telegraphic line ei her by the Valley of the 'Euphrates or t' a pi Red Sea. His expectations, however Were on the side of the Euphrates V a ll e y Pir., which "he be lieved w(,u1 , 1 succeed." Both these projected lines start alike from Alexandria and end at Kurra3be., and only differ in the mode of crossing the interven ing ground. Mr. Crawford prereireti the litre by, he Bed S .a. By one roue or a,no.her, ho we v'sr, it seems, we are to have now an E!ee'ric Telegraph. to India. RICIT, 4D. STAMPED 51` si a mode as may best suit their means, and are not brought together by a regimental mess. In the French army promotion is gained partly by seniority and partly by selection, until the officer has reached the rank of chef de bataillon : above this rank all further promotion is by selection. Selection is governed by the follow ng regulations —lnspectors general are appointed for every br tnch of the service ; they are specially named for thiin ditty, and are not the officers who command the district. These inspectors receive a printed form of instruction before they commence their annual tour of inspection. When an insrec' or-general bas respected a regiment, the commanding officer of the regiment presents to him a )i-t of et'l>ers for pro motion ;. the inspector-general nines these officers, and selects those wlree . re most fit ;he then prepares a c nfidentee Tort, and transmits it to the Minister of War. When all the iuspeetions are finished, the inspectors meet in com mittee, review the names in these several reports, and from amongst them prepare a list for the mini ster. The minister promotes them in rotation, or not, as be thinks best. In connexion with this system, it must be observed that, accor iiug to the rules of the service, retirement is compulsory. An exception is made in favour of general officers at the discretion of the' executive. A colonel must retire at 60 years of age ; a lieutenant colonel at 58 ; a captain at 53 ; and a lieutenant at 52. If an officer retire before he has served for a period of thirty years, he is not entit'ed to any retiring pen sion ; and there is no system of half-pay, such as exists in the British army. The sums granted to officers, fur retiring pensions, after 30 years' service, are—To a lieutenant-general, 4,000 f. a-year ' • to a major-general, 3,000 f. do. ; to a colonel, 2,400 f. do. ; to a lieutenant-colonel, I,Boof. do. ; to a chef de bataillon, 1,500 f. do. ; to a captain, 1,200 F. do. to a lieutenant, 800 f. do. Additional payments are allowed to those who have been wounded in the service, and those who are made members of the Legion of Honour, who receive amounts varying from 250 t 02,000 francs a year. The amount of the pension offers no ,inducement for an officer to retire ; and it is admitted that a large proportion of the ctpteins and lieutenants in the French army are men advanced in years, who continue in the service until they reach the age when retirement is enforc2d by-the regulations. Officers who have be n promoted from the r tnks are left in a similar position, since their education can seldom qualify them for further advancement in competition with others who have been instructed at the military coliege. The principle of selection enables. the exe cutive government to secure able and energetic men for the higher ranks, and for the command of regi ments. It should, moreover, be remembered that, during the existence of this military system, Algeria has afforded a wide field wherein to test the quali fications of officers. We have referred to the regu lations of the French army, because they appear to have been adopted as the basis of military organisa tion in other states, and, indeed, if it should be de cided to aboish the system of purchase in the Bri tish army, it will be found indispensable to intro duce the two principles which give vigour to the French service, namely, promotioa by selection, and compulsory retirement. A scheme for the abolition of purchase and for the substitution of another system of army promo tion and retirement has been submitted to our con sideration by Sir C. Trevelyan, Assistant-Secretary of the Treisury. This scheme will be found in the appendix, together with the financial statements adduced in its support. The evidence of Sir C. Trevelyan furnishes explanations of his plan. The general principle of this scheme is borrowed from the French military system, qualified, however, by the adoption of regulations which have of late years been partially introduced into our own civil ser vice. The first commission in the army Sir C. Travelyan recommends should be obtained by a competitive examination bet wean candidates nomi nated by the Commander-in-Chief. The successful candidate is then to go through a course of profes sional training at a military college for a period of two years. His education at this establishment is not to be assisted by any pecuniary contribution from the state, and the advantage now given at Sandhurst to the sons of old officers is to be dis continued. The young man having passed the college, is to enter the army without further exami nation until he reaches the rank of captain. Pro motion up to the rank of captain is to be two-thirds by seniority and one-third by selection. Captains and all higher ranks are to lee appointed by selec tion. A system of examination for the captaincy is to be provided, which will give the means to those who have risen from the ranks, of competing with officers who have had the advantage of a pro fessional education. The cpmparative i merits of officers and their fitness for promotion are to be ascertained by a system of inspection with report, similar to that which prevails in the French army. The rank of major is to be abolished, and the pro motion above the rank of captain is no longer to be regimental. Retirement is to be based upon a mixed system of voluntary and compulsory retire ment, according to' a principle proposed by the Civil Service Superannuation Commissioners. The staff is to be a separate corps, as in the French ser vice. All exchanges from one regiment to another are to be forbidden. Such is the general outline of the plan recom mended by Sic C. Trevelyan. He has also placed before us a financial statement, from which it ap pears that in the future pay of the regimental offi cers he proposes an increase of 118,7891. yearly, with a reduction of 56,4491. in the allowances now granted. In the establishment of general officers he proposes a reduction. The recapitulation of his whole scheme exhibits an increase in the charge for effective services of 31,612/. ; while for the non effective services, by reducing the amount of widows' pensions, and the amount of htlf-pay, and by omitting altogether the rewards for military service, the charge is reduced by 1 13 , 4 7 8 /. Upon the whole stat -nent, therefore, as given by Sir C. Trevelyan, there is an estimated decrease of expen diture of 81,866'. [To be-continued.] We need not say—because everybody will im mediately see—that this will be greatest change iu our relations with India that has taken place Kinc l our possession of the Empire. We cannot calculate its effects. When we think of• it the present is for.. gotten. Even the troubled present with which we are dealing is flung aside, as the merest temporary affair. Even Indian mutinies are not thought very much of as we look for ward into this future. Scienca is more than liberal, she is prodtal in her assist ance to us. It seems really as if it did not signify what difficulty we were in ; that she would get up out of it. No difficulty iii too great for her. It appears as if we could really afford to get into act apes, the resources of escape, repair, and reno vation, are so exuberant ; so that at the very bot-. torn of an adverse emergency, in the very depth •if the crisis, and when our Indian reputation is for the moment prostrate, we inaugurate a new era for India, in which our hold over her will be ten times tighter than ever and in which that gLnpire will be more in the relation of Ireland, or we might almost say an English county, to us than that of a distant continent. Fortes fortuna juvat ;—if strength of will does its part, the chance discovery comes in and duet the rest for us. Here is an instance :—One great engine for the government of India has given way. People ar e saying that we must consider the further u se of it as hopeless ; - that we must throw it aside and - look out for another ; that 'the large native army must be wholly superseded for a smaller European one. On the other hand, it is said that it will never do to govern India entirely by an English army • that it would be the worst confession for us to make, and a complete departure from the ground we have all along taken—viz., that we were naturalized rulers of India, like the reigning races and dynas ties that preceded us, governing India not as suc cessful invaders, but as its adopted guardians. On this latter idea it would be as absurd for us to exclude natives from our army in India as it would have been for our Norman Kings to exclude Saxons ; bemuse we are no longer foreigners in India, however we may have been once, but possess a union of interests with the natives, as fellow-subjects alike of the Queen, sharing the same institutions and enjoying the same liberty. Some may say this is more a theory than a fact, but it must be admitted that this profession has gone on now so long that it would he awkward for us to depart from it and govern India like invaders. What you ;want, then, is to keep your Native Army, but to have a tighter hold of it. You want such a connexion with home as would being the Home Government into a very close contact with .. the Sepoy, so that it will cease to be a v a g ue and distant Power to h'm. But this is exactly what this elect r telegraph does. The sepoy w i ll know that every thing he does will be k nown immediately in Eng land. Ho will feel En g land clos3 to him every hour of the day. Ha will never be able to get out of tie m ysterious proximity, which will sit on him like a nightmare the instant he tries to rebel against it, and strangle the plot bef ire it is born. But the electric t legreph will do mere than its own task ; it will infallibly thing on a quicker military transit to India—the passage by the Alex andrian Railroad and Suez. With the rapidity of the news from India we shall not be able to tolerate the present slow sea passage of troops to India. The freshness of the news will give a spur to action, and the nearer we are to the spot in know ledge the quicker we shalt wish to get there in person. The truth is, the electric telegraph will have a tantalising effect at first unt 1 we have got accustomed to the new measurement—the new re lation. of news from India to the journey to India. The instant we hear from India of a great mutiny or war by electric telegraph we shall wish fur an etee'ric telegraph to send troops to India to by; but as this is not-within the resoureee of science, we must - be content with the Alexandrian route as the next best transit. Bet, if this will tbea appear, as it certainly will do, exceed ingly slow, the old sea passage will be intolerable. At any rate, then, the electric telegraph must be followed by the Alexandrian route, otherwise we shall only gain six weeks nut of five mouths in our equipment and transmission of troops on any such emergency as the present to India. This, of course, will be worth gaining, but it will not be a miraculous change: AALI on, however, the gain of another six weetis in the trans t of troops, and you reduce five months to a little more than two months, as the whole time which is necessary be tween the very first outbreak of such a mutiny in India and its repression by troops from England. Consider, then, the immense difference.that this will make to the mind of the Sepoy. This present mutiny broke out on the 10th of May la 4, the news of it reached this country on the 27th of June, . reinforcements fur putting it down lett at the end of July, and will arrive in India about the beginning of November. That is at present the interval between a military outbreak and its effective punishment,—th i distance between the middle of May and November. But with the E'ectric Telegraph and the route by Alexandria Buell a mutiny would have been suppressed by the middle or end of last mouth by troops tha left this country after the news of the events. Such a new machinery, however, we need not say, will act by way of prevention rather than of cure. The Indian Sepoy will not mutiny when he knows that punishment will follow so certainly and so immediately. He will feel himself under a new power. The übiquity ,of England will fir his imagination and subdue his murmurs ; it will stand by his bedside, at his table, and at his hut door ; and we shall have to thank science for in venting a new hold over the Sepoy just at the time when it was so sadly wanted. THE FASTEST CLIPPER-SHIP IN THE - - Last (Sunday) night Messrs, James Baines and Co.'s celebrated " B'ack Ball" clipper ship Lightning was to sail from the Mer-ey to the Thames, having been en gaged by the Esst India Company to embark tro .ps at Gravesend for the East, The lightning will be towed round to Gravesend by the powerful steam tug Resolute. 0 wing to the sensation created by the sister ships of the Lightning, the James Baines and the Champion of the Seae, which were inspected and so highly euloiised by the Queen and Court at Portsmouth, Messrs. James Baines and Co. have been induced to place the Light ning on public view at Gravesend for a few days. The Lightning will doubtlessly be visited by crowds of people, and it has been determined to charge ls. admission, the receipts being given to the wives and families of the sol diers who will sail in her. In order to give our readers an idea of the size of the Lightning, and of the une qualled "run," she has made , we subjoin the following particulars from the Lightning Gazette, which was printed and published on board during her voyage from Liver po )1 to Melbourne and back, between February and July in the present year:— " The Lightning is 2,003 tons register, and 3,500 tons burthen. Her extreme length is 243 feet ; breadth, 41 feet; depth of hold, 23 feet. To the top of her mizanmast, 551 feet ; to the top of her mainmast, 71 feet ; to the mizen truck (at the very summit of the mast), 115 feet ; to the main truck, 161 feat; to the fore truck, 151 feet. The greatest run she has ever made in 24 hours, by observation, was oa the 27th February, 1855, and amounted to 390 knots, or 455 statute miles, being an average of 161 knots, or 19 miles per hour, during the whole day. At the same time, in 8 consecutive days, she ran 2,158 knots. During her last voyage, in 7 consecutive days, from 28th June to 4th July, 1856, she ran, by observation, 2,188 knots, or 2,553 statute miles, being an average, during the week, of . 13 knots, or rather more than 15 statute miles p l e cn r o h t o s ur o ; and in the 25 days of the voyage she ran 6, 8,118 statute mites (1,000 miles more than antswi3ce the ;dis tance from Liverpool to New York), being.average of 11:1 knots, or 131 statute miles, during the whole s t h im i ;: s . We believe the records of the performance Liver show no parallel to this. Her shorte_st6psasdsaagyes frioorphoLuilv.se-r_- . pool to Melbourne was her last onwe n GO days."—Liverpool made, and was p a ssage home i a s the first she ever and her quickest accom plished Albion. THE REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS ON THE CIR CUITS.—The publication of the report of the commis. Fioneri on the number of the judges and the re-arrange went of the circuits hal just been circulated. The re port expresses a decided opinion against lessening the number of the judges. With regard to the circuits, it recommends an assize for Manchester, and, as the circuit is said to be too long', that York shall be taken from it and added to the Midland circuit ; that, as a kind of compensation, Warwick shall be taken from the H Mid land and added to t he Oxford Circuit ; and that ere ford and Sr,rewsbnry shall be taken for the like reason from the Oxford and added to the Welsh circuits. The report also recommends a consolidation of the assizes of same of the smaller Welsh counties to save time and ex pense by converting the two Welsh circuits into one. The report then recommends a l third h civil assize for Yorkshire, Liverpool, and Bristo , to eheld at the same time as the winter gaol deliveries for these places. It the country at large is concerned , t for rnisi at ohnfech.y onlysotrekr also recommends that the long vacation should cease on the 14 of October, after which time and before Michael. time Term Nisi Prius sittings may be held in London. So far as changes therefore recommended by the report are an ad adnitr Livery ewrpintoelr, andcivil a na additionala t tbe large a s ..,, and Bristol. [Anveavisx_airirl—Du Barry's delicious Reralenta Arabica Food saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, and cures indigestion (dyspepsia), habitual constipation, nervousness, biliousness, and liver complaints, flatulency, distension, acidity, heartburn, palpitation of the heart, nervous headaches, hysteria, neuralgia, noises in the head and ears, pains at the pit of the stomach and between the shoulders, erysipelas, eruptions of the skin, and poverty of the blood, scrofula, cough, asthma,_ cliaens sumption, dropsy, rheumatism, gout, nausea .aF te d sickness during during pregnancy, after eating, or at sea, low riuquietude, impurities cramps, epileptic fits, spleen, general debil! 'f memo dein sleeplessness, involuntary blushing, paralyesisY' like to society, unfitness for study, loss tremors, dis sions, vertigo,lancholy, groundless fear, indecision, wretchedness, blood to the head, 'lt is, more and invalids generally, over, the best food for infantse the weakest stomach, nor as it never turns acid on t es baustion diet, but imparts a healthy in terferes with a good liberal d restores the faculty of diges relish for lunch and dinner , eell 3n ar energy to the most enfeebled. tion, and. nervous and mil l •ais from the celebrated Professors (I Supported by testimon ure ; Dr. Shorland ; Dr. Harvey , Chemistry,' Dr. Andrew Ga ttiker ; Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Ingram ; Dr. Campbell ; Dr. Lord Stuart de Dec "° ies . , the Dowager Countess Of Castle- m j r-Gert- Thomas King, and many other respectable ilt uart, ' - a persons , whose . h e alth has been restored by it, after all other means of cure had failed. Suitably packed with full in al diens. In canisters, 11h, 2s. 9d. 51b, 11 r s u ; 121 b, 225, The 121 b canisters are sent carriage free, on receipt of Post-Office order.—Barry Du Barry, dr Co., 77, Regent-street, London. ITAPORIANT CAUTION against the fearful dangers of spurious imitations :—The V;ce•Chancel lor Sir William Page Wood granted an Injunction on the 10th March, 1854, against Alfred ll oO per Neviil, for imitating 6 Du Barry's Revalcuta Arabica rpod• ' oo LivEurooL, Monday., T HE TRADE OF LIoVIERF L. — Entry, published this morning, The Customs 13_ g i v es a return of il t l he number and tonnage of the ships t h a t have entere d inwards from and cleared outwards for f o reign ports in the week ending the 15 t h A u g ., 1857 , as was the correspon din g y ear 1856 . It appears that T e ur l i l n c, the last week 94 ships of an aggregate tonnage of 50,190 tons entered inwards, against 145 ships, 79,294 tons in 1856, being a decrease of 51 in the number of ships, and a decrease of 29,014 tons in the tonnage ; the number of clearances outwards during the week, 1:9 s hips, of a tonnage of 55,788 tons, against 94 ships and 49,422 tons in 1856, being an increase of 25 ship-i and a decrease of 6,366 tons. The total number of ships re ported inwards from foreign ports during the present year up to the 15th Aug. was 2,787, with a tonnage of 1,507,453 tons, against 2,732, and 1,566,636 tons in the year 1856, showing an increase of 55 ships and a de crease of 59,183 tons. The total number of ships claearte: outwards for foreign ports during the present.y_e_ 3 r ,712 to the 15th Aug. was 3,263 with a tonn a g e ei 1,"2 tons, against 3,013 ships, and 1.597,471 tonsie year 1856, showing an increase of 250 ship s an d 56,241 e tons. LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUG UST 18, 1857. REPOR7 OF THE COMMISSIP.V ERS APPOINTED To INQUIRE INTO THE PURCHASE OF COM MISSIOZvS IN THE AR3IY. In obedience to your Majesty's commands we have entered upon this inquiry, with a deep sense of the importance of the duty entrusted t- . us, and of the responsibility which attatilies to its perform ance. The mode in which commissions in the army are first obtained, and the regulations which govern the promotion and the retirement cf offieev, are matters which affect the constitution of our who'e military syst m. Fe -ling, therefore, that a deci-ion on this subject may influence for many years the efficiency of the British army, we have endeavoured to collect all the informat; on in our power, as well from the labours of former c,minissions, as from the evidence of witnesses acquainted with the prac ical working of the syst -m. An in ve-tigativn into the influence which the purchase system has exer cised upon the efficiency of the army is rendered difficult from the fact that long-established nwirte has 80 far accustomed officers to the practice,. th'st few of our military witnesses have ever ser ousiy contemplated any o'ber system of entry or of pro motion in the army. Flom the ear:iest period of which there are any records of a standing army in ;his country, the sate and purchase of commissions n the army appear to have been anti orised. At the time of t':e Resforation a military guard was created to attend upon the King. This corps cou- s's'ed, in the first instance, of the followers and ad herents of Charles 11. ; of this corps, the privates as sv,ll as the officers were allowed, upon their retire ment from the service, to dispo. , e of their appoint ment, by sale, to persons who bad been previously approved by the King. The purchase of civil offices under the government was at that period openly recognised ; the adoption of such a system the army was therefore in unison with the custom of the public service. When 'h situation of Secretary of State could not be obtained by an eminent s'ates man, without the payment of 5,0001., it is not snr pising the mastership of the Ordnance should haVe been purchased ; and that high militaiy commands should not be resigned without some pecuniary com pensation. In the year 1681, Charles the Second bought the command of the regiment of guards from Colonel Russell, and bestowed it on his son, the Duke of Grafton, who - had not, as it is stated, been in the army before hereceived this ap pointment. The sale of commissions in the army was prohibited by William the Third ; awl by the Mutiny Act of 1694 every officer was cempellecl to make oath that he had not given or promised to give any money or re ward for his commission. In the Mu tiny Act of 1701 this oath was omitted. In 1711, a Royal warrant directed that no commissions should be sold without the Royal approbation under the sign manual. In the reign of George 1., a board of general officers reported upon the price which should hereafter be paid for commissions ; and, in accordance with their recommendations, the regu lations of 171.9 were issued. These regulations have been altered from time to time, as may be seen from a table in the appendix to this report. The price of commissions in the army is at present governed by the regulations issued by Royal authority in the year 1821. The artillery and engineers have always formed an exception to the rest of the army, since, in these corps, the system of sale and purchase has never been introduced. The mode of entry, until within the last two years, was through the Aca &my at 'Woolwich ; and the Master-General of the Ordnance nominated to the academy. All subse quent promotion in these corps was strictly go verned by seniority. Latterly, a mode of entry hy competitive examination has been adopted ; sufli cieut time has not yet elapsed to enable an opinion to be pronounced upon its results, and it is stated that the system is yet to undergo some further modification. The Ordnance corps, in past years (that is, before the recent augmentation), will serve to illustrate the progress of promotion in regiments where no purchase is allowed, and where the rule of seniority is strictly observed. THE PRESENT MODE OF ENTERING THE ARMY. A person desiring to obtain a commission in the army, applies to the commander-in-chief, or to his military secretary. The commander-in-chief makes such inquiry as he may think fit into the character and cis cum-tances of the candidate ; if he is satis fied with the r,sult, he directs the name to be en tered in a book, for a commission, either with pur chase, or without purchase, as the case may be. In the three regiments of guards, and in the regiments of household cavalry, the patronage of granting first commissions is vested in the colonels of the re3pe tivexegiments. The candidate for commission, whe ther by purchase or not, is always sent to the Mili tary College of Sandhurst, for the purpose of being examined, before he can receive hiscommission The present system of examinatit in wa s established in the year 1819. When a young man has passel his examination, he is eligible fur a commission. If he has applied to purchase, he may be appointed to the first vacancy which occurs from a retirement by sale ;if he - has applied for a commission without purchase, he must wait until a vacancy shall have occurred by death, when his application may ba considered together with the claims of other candi dates. In the purchase of the first commission, the regulation price is never exceeded. The com mission is never gazetted until the required sum has been paid to the army agent. Some commis sions without purchase are annually reserved for the cadets at Sandhurst who have passed a certain standarl of examination, which is of a higher character than the one required of candidates generally. The system of purchase operates very differently in time of war and of peace. During the former period the augmentations and vacancies fern death leave open many commis-ions without purchase; but, upon the conclus'on of peace, the vacancies are fewer, and those which occur aretin great measure filled up by officers brought in from the half-pay list. PROMOTION. Promotion is of two kinds—either army prom(?- ton, or regimental promotion ; army promotion is by brevet, and is unconnected with the purchase . system. Thi s d oes no t, therefore, come strictly . within the sco p e o f our i nqu i r y. rogimmtal pro mot on can only be obt tined, without purchase, when vacancies occur from cmualties, or when augmentations are authorised. The rule of pro. motion by purchase is that when a vacancy occurs in the higher ranks of a regiment, from the ret;re ment of an officer by sale, every officer has a claim, according to seniority, to purchase the next rank in the regiment provided that no objection to his promotion is made by the commanding officer of the regiment, or by the Commander-in-Chief. Periodi cal returns arc made from every regiment to the office of the Commauder-in-Chief, showing the n -meg of the officers of each rank who are desirous of purchasing advancement, and the references which they give for the funds necessary to effect their object. These returns are certified by the commanding officer, who moreover states whether the officers desirous of purchasing promo ion are fit and qualified for the advancement which they seek. If no qualified officer of the regiment pre sents himself for purchase, an officer is brought in to fill the vacancy from some other regiment or from the half-pay list. According to the practice of the army, no officer who is able and wilting to pay the regulation pricais passed over by another in the same regiment., unless some flagrant. conduct or notorious incapacity should justify the withhold ing Isis certificate. The two principles which regu late promotion are said to be, first, that no officer, however deserving, shall be promo'ed, vei , heut purchase, over the brad of his senior in the same regiment ; secondly, that no officer shall be pro nic'.ed, by purchase, over the head of his senior officer in the same regiment, provided such senior officer has stated his claim to purchase conformably to the regulations. When an officer has reached the position of lieutenant-colonel the power to pur chase any higher rank ceases. The pr:ca to be paid for commissions was considered and reported upon by a board of gene; al officers in the year 1821. It is, however, admitted that during a period of peace the regulations, although stringently worded, with the addrtioe of a revere penalty for their infraction, are yet habitually neglected, and the price paid, except in the purchase of the first commission, al most invariably exceeds the price fixed by autho rity- An experienced army agent has stated that be considered very reasona bl e. I n for k' the cavalry any sum un d er dou bl e the regu l a ti on m pr e ic r e yea ma r y s, a declaraion was required from officers, that they had net given more than the regulation pr i ce ; but this was evaded, and therefore discon tinued. ustb3 The practice, therefore, of pa} in sums exece d a in n g a t c h c e om re p g: i l i a iin tio en n t p o r f i to prevent. to b 3 purchase considered sytem RETIREMENT. • which it appears impossible The officer, cer,who has pur c h ase d any permitted to retire from and to receive th e va l ue o f th e the army at any time , w i t hout reftrence to the period of his s e rvi c?, of rule ihs co i m s, ol th is tt io a n t! , com.ucissions which he has purchased, provided al ways that he has not be e n g uilt y of mi.9.conduct. An officEr who has purchased all his commissions, and who sells out as a lieutenant colonel, is entitled to receive back, according to regubtion the same amount as that which ho had paid for his =magi. sinus. Ii he d'es iu the service this money is lost to his family. If, moreover, he is attack , dby dis ease, and is deeme I to be in immediate danger, he would tot be permit'ed to sell the commisiion wlij h he halls. Th cc regulations have been modified by the warrant of Marc'', 1856, which sanctions the re pt-137mm t to an ofil er's widow, children, or o'her relst ons, of :he regnlation pr:ce pill for his com missions, provided the officer has been killtd in action, cr has died of wounds, received in floe of t , e enemy, within six months after being wounded. Au officer, who has not purchased any, of Ira com missions, is allowed to retire by the sale of his commission, after a certain pariod of service. A fig I-offic , r, if he hts se rvsd 2) years, would be allowed the full price of his commission. The rule has been adopt d of late years, allowing an- officer, who has served a .ho: ter tine, to receive 1001. for each year of service, in addition to the sum paid for any step which he may have purcha e.l. Under three year's service, however, this permission would not be granted. In tl,e case of an officer, who has risen from the ranks, the rule is Bat two yea's in the ranks count as one in commission, and lie is permitt &to sell his commission on th'se terms. OBJECTIONS MADE TO THE PURCHASE SYSTEM. The prase ice of buying and selling places of honour or ot emolucueut under Cie Crown is, it is contend ed, vicious in print pl., repugnant to the public sentinieat of the present day, and equally inconsis tent with the honour of the milOary profession and with the policy of the British emp re. To demand the peynient of a sum of rn iney from a young man who enters the army, and who devotes his youth, his health, and it may be his life, to the service of his country, to make his pi °motion dependent on his purse ; and, lastly, if he survives the labeuis and risks of ;he service, to allow him t a receive again in lieu of a pension the money which may have been pail for his oerini-s'ons, are measures which are said to constitute a system of Military policy irre concileab'e with jus ice, and unknown in every other country throtrehout the world. This system, it is moreover affirmed, produces i 1 effec's upon the constitution of the army, and impairs its effi ciency, by giving an undue preemieence to wealth, by d scouraging exertion, and by depressing merit. Under such regulaeions there is little inducement for officers to acquire proficiency in the science of war, or to study the military progress of other na tions. An officer who performs leis routine duties, and who keeps a sum of money available to pur chase his promo ion, as opportunities offer, may lo3k forward with confidence to the attainment of high military rank. Whsle the subaltern who has not the means to buy advancenielat may serve dur ing all the best years of hie life in distant stations and in deadly climates', yet he must be prepared to see his juniors pass over him, for he will find that knowledge of military science and at•ention to re gimental duties do not avail him, unless he is able to buy the rank to which his qualifications entitle him. In time of war every officer woo has paid for his commissions mast feel that he is exposed not merely to the loss of life, but to the addi'ioual r isk of forreiting by his death the amount of money he has invested for the purchase. of 11.. s promotions, and which might otherwise haveafforded a subsistence to his widow and children. The officer, therefore, enters into the battle with a Isuowledge that in bee ardieg his life he hazards also the future pro spects of those who are dearest t ) him. The regu lation price of conainissiens is a fiction, and the large sums which officers are ceinpeled to pay for pro motion aggravated the evil effects of the system. This is an evil which is inherent in'the system, and which cannot, it is said, be remedied, although it operates unfairly to meritorious officers, and injuri ously to the pnbl'c interest. An officer, for instance may refuse to retire unless he can obtain a much larger sum than the regulation price ; the next for purchase cannot afford to give this amount, and he must either allow himself to be passed over or place himself in the invidious position ot stopping all promotion in the regiment. Cases of this kind lead to traffic and bargaining amongst officers, whereby a mercenary feeling, it is al:eged, is created in men whose guiding principles should be a nice sense of honour and a disinterested attachment to the service. Exchanges from one regiment to an other, and sales to officers on half-pay, facilitate an evasion of the regulations by practices which the higher authorities of the army are unable to pre vent. The system of purchase inflicts other hard ships on the less wealthy officers. At the conclu sion of a war reductions necessarily take place, and many officers are put on hal-pay. Then, if a va csncy occurs in a regiment by the retirement of au officer selling his commission, the next for purchase equally buys his promotion; but if a vacancy by deals occur, and the non-purchasing officer hopes that his chance of promotion has at last arrived, he may find to his dismay that another officer is brought in from the half-pay, and that thus even a deatlr vacancy does not further his advaancement. Again, it is coeteniled that while the purchase sys tem presses so unfairly on the less weathy officers, disheartening men who wish to devote their lives to the profession, it attracts to the' service idle young men, who, having money at their disposal, regard the army as a fashionable pastime fora few years ofleisure, and bring with them habits of expense and dissipation injurious t 3 discipline, and embar rassing to their fellow officers, who are often forced to leave a regiment where such an extravagant mode of life prevails. In a country._ where enlistment is volunlary, it should be tlib p 'lice of the state to en courage men to join the army by rew arding the most deserving with commission s. But, under the system of purchase, a soldier who has been promoted from the ranks cannot hope to gain fur ther steps without money, whilst even the honour able position he has gained, by banging hi m into the soc'ety of richer men, often renders his pro motion a doubtful advantage. From tire above mentioned caus..s it is alleged the efficiency of the army is imp tired, and the military spirit of the nat on is deterio - asecl ; but other instances are adduced where the public interests suffer more directly from the effects of the purchase system. The command of a regiment is an imp ortant trust, yet it is admitted by high authority that several officers have attained the position of lieutenant colonel who were unequal to the command of the regiments which they held. Under existing regu lations officers succeed to the lieutenant-colonelcy by purchase, unless they should be disqualified by some notorious unfitness. When they have ob tained this command it is difficult for the higher alithoritiss of the army to remove them. A lieu tenaiet-colonel may b for command, and h's unfitness may have been noticed by the inspecting-general in. his reports ; yet hey h e' may not admit of distinct charges being brought against him, of which a court-martial could pro perly take cognisance. Toe authorities at the Horse Guards feel a difficn'ty in exercising the in vidious power of removing such an officer. Some times, as the least objectionable course, they have proposed that he should be put on half-pay, but this burthens the country with an annuity for life for an officer who is unfit to remain on full pay. Here the evil consequences of the purchase system are direct and manifest ; and when it is remembered how, far the issue of a bat tle may depend upon the efficiency an skilful handling of every regiment engaged, it is difficult to overrate the possible mischief resulting from the system. Not only may incsmpetent offi cers retain the commandof regiments, but the com mander of the forces may not be able to appoint the officer whose standing and whose qualifications fit him for this position. A remarkable instance is cited where an officer, eminently qualified for such command, received from the late Duke of Welling ton the offer of a regiment, which, from pecuniary circumstances, he would have been compelled to decline, unless other officers had generously come forward to assist him with the cum r equired to be paid for his promotion. This case occurred during a period of war. If the purchase system interferes thus injuriously with the appointments to the com mand of regiments it must indirectly affect all the higher ranks of the army. Whenever the respon sible advisers of the crown are obliged to prepare for ;he contingencies of war, and to recommend her Majesty to name a commander for her army in the field, they mu,t necessarily select from amongst those who have attained high rank in the army. The great majority of these officers, however, will have risen by purchase, obtaining their rank not from any acknowledged fitness, but from the cur rent of promotion and the opportunities of buying advancement. This c ountry w ill therefore commence the operations of war under a disadvantage compared with foreign states, where all the officers ins the higher grades Will have been subjected to several selectiocs, and may, therefore, if the power of selec tion has been honestly and wisely exercised, be all men of known efficiency and merit. To comprise in a.few words the ev of the purchase-system, it is said to restrict the numb-r of tbose from whom officers can in the first instance be obtained ; it deadens the feelings of emulaiiou and the eagerness to acquire mklit try knowledge, and it renders men eligible for the higl.est command without taking any security that they are fitted for such a position. Such a basis for the establishment of an army is, it is said, most impolitic in a country whose military force is Docosatily ama il when compared with continental states, and whoa) power therefore depends upon rendering its army efficient in the Highest degree by the s le - ction of officers distinguished for their per sonal qualities, and for their professional acquire ments. Having thus stated the objections which are urged against the purchase-system, we must on the other hand state that the prevalent opinion amongst military men, so far as we have beep able to ascer tain their views, is favourable to the system, or at least favourable to its m sintenanc?, until some scheme shall have been devisel which may produce the beneficial results which are commonly ascribed to the system of purchase. The chief advantages of the system are said to be, that it facilitates the retirement of officers, and thereby accelerst a promotion in the army, which would otherwise stagnat 5 during a period of con tinue I peace ; also it is said to tiff oil to officers a security against the influence of favour, enabling each officer to obtain his advancement by his own means, without being dependent on the goodwill of the government or on the patronage of higher authorities. In order fairly to c )nsider the evidence which has beeu given in support of the •purchas • system, it will be convenient first to examine its effects upon the retirement of officers. The military ,farce of a state is efficient in proportion as it is ready to take the field, and to enter upon the fatigues and hardships of a campaign. For this purpose it is essential that the great majority of the officers should not only be well acquainted with the duties of their profession, but should also be qualified by their strength and vigour to sustain the exertionsinsepa rable from active warfare. A lengthened period of peace renders it difficult to keep any military corps in a state of efficiency ; a scheme of retirement, therefore, which induces old officers to withdraw from the army, and which replaces them by younger men, must it is said, be beneficial to the country ; and this benefit is still greater if effected without any cost to the'conntry. In the year 1840 a com mission on naval and military promotion of which the late Duke of Wellington and other high mili tary auth vities were members, reported strongly in favour of the purcha e system, and declared that the practical advantages of the system had b- en proved by its effects during 24 years of peace. The condition of the- Ordnance corps, where the pur chase system has never been introduced, but where the system of seniority exclusively prevails, was contrasted with that of the rest of the army, and it was shown that the officers of this corps having no inducement to retire remained in.the service far b-yond the age which wis desirable for the effi ciency of the corps. The commission on army pro motion, which reported in the year 1854, again ad. ' verted to this subject, and observed, " in the ord nance c ops not only the average age of the officers is great r than in the corresponding ranks of the army, but moreover the average is not made up of that variety of ages which is to be found in the army, and which gives to the public service the advantage of having a few officers in each of the higher ranks of greater physical vigour than the rest. From the report of this commission, it is, however, manifest that the purchase system cannot be depended upon as in itself sufficient, during a period of peace, to secure in the higher ranks of the army a body of officers endowed with the phy sical and mental energies requisite for those who may be called uporj. to superintend active opera tions in the field. On this account the commission recommended various measures with the view of facilitating promotion, and they also advised that the'principle of selection should behad recourse to in the appointments to situations of command, which had previously been according to seniority. The witnesses who have advocated the mainte nauce of the purchase system insist upon the ad vantage which it affords of facilitating retirement. Upon this point our attention was directed to the practice of the Indian army, where, without any recognised system of purchase, a custom of receiv ing money for retirement prevails, and is said to be beneficial to the service. In the Indian army pro motion is strictly governed by seniority ' • it is a sys tem of regimental promotion up to the rank of major, and exchanges are not permitted. Above the rank of major officers rise by seniority in a ge neral list; but they have no claim to the command of a regiment unless selected for it by the Cominau der-in-Chief. The Indian Government have had recourse to several measures, in order to accelerate promotion in their army. They give liberal pen sions to officers retiring, and since 1835 they grant allowances in proportion to length of service, irre spective of the rank which the officer may have at tained. The strict adherence to the rule of promo tion by seniority has led to the adoption of a prac. , tice which is permitted by the authorities, though not sanctioned by law, and which produces, as re gards retirement, a result somewhat similar to the sale of commissions. The officers of a regiment sub • scribe amongst themselves and make up a purse, to induce a senior officer to retire. Contributing is optional ; but in most cases a young man would sooner incur pecuniary inconvenience than with hold his aid from a scheme so popular in the regi ment. The practice of making up a purse applies chiefly, it is said, to the rank of major, though it occurs also in lower ranks. From the evidence as to the effects of this system, and the unwillingness of officers to retire'without a contribution, iu addition to the pension allowed to them, it may he inferred that, if the officers of the Indian army were left with no other inducement to retire except the allowance granted by Government, the regiments would b 3 tilled with ohlofficers, and the efficiency of the army would be impaired. Withall the advantages which have been derived from this practice and from the liberality of the Indian Government, it neverthe less appears, from the able report made by the late Governor-General, Lord Dalhousie, that the condi t on of the Indian army and the exigencies of the public service, will probably render it necessary t) apply the principle of selection, where as yet the rule of seniority has prevailed. In considering the p )licy of abolishing purchase in the British army, and the best means of maintaining the current of promotion, if purchase should be abolished, we c innot recommend the adoption of the regulations of the Indian army. To make seniority the unva rying rule of promotion would, in our opinion, b 3 an ill-advised course. The objection justly urged against the system of purchase, namely, that under it no provision is made for securin g to the country the services of m en best qualified by military ex perience and talent, would equally apply to the rule of exclusive seniority, with the added incon veniences of mere retarded promotion, and a heavier charge on the revenue for retiring allow ances sufficient to keep up the current of promo tion. Considering the practice of the Indian service to be ill-suii el to the British army, we next directed our attention to the systems of promotion and re tirement adopted in foreign countries, and more particularly to the military regulations of France. Until the middle of the last century, or even later, commissions in the French army could only be oh tailie I by favour of the Crown, or by favour of offi ceis in high command. Those persons were alone eligible who were of a recognised deescent; advance ment was attainable by payment of money; promo tion from the ranks was unknown ; and the military reputation of France flourished under a system which is new abolished and forgotten. During the reign of Louis XVI. great alterations in the organi sation of the French army were in course of intro duction, when the revolution led to are-organisation of the whole military system, and the regulations which were introduced during the time of the Repub lie, and under the first Napoleon, have been again frequently reviewed and modified by succeeding go vernments. Many important regulations date only from the year 1848 ; but the evidence which we have collected refers to the system as it is at present fixed, comprising the modes of admission, of pro motion, and of retirement. Public examiners are appointed, who go through the country and hold ex aminations in the principal towns ; they are assisted by the officers of the several garrisons. Any young men may present themselves as candidates, and if they are found physically qualified for the army, hey are examined in mathematics, in history, in geography, and in fortification. Those wile satisfy the examiners are sent to the milit :ry college of St. Cyr ; but as the number of candidates - usually ex ceeds the number of vacancies in the college those who pass the best examinations are preferrod. A young man when admitted into the college of St. Cyr is considered as having enlisted in the army. He remains in the college for two years • the cost of his maintenance and education being defrayed by big family, un'ess they apply to the Gov( irnment and show that they are too poor, i n which case he,Atis assisted by a contribution from th e State. the end of the two years he is ag ain examieled , and if he satisfies the examiners he receives his com mission ; if he is unsuccessful, which, however, rarely occurs, he must go into the yanks of the army. By this mod e a portion varying fi •om one third to two-thirds of officers enter the arm y. The remainder enter from the ranks; haTin g passed through the various grade of non-commitssit )ned. offi cers. Under this system of admission the .great m ijority of of f icers dep end for their livel;hood en tirely on their pay. They live, theref,ork in such W ; „~-~