The Sun. — London, England, 1847-10-19 00:00:00

~, ~' iffum stiNe 9 LoNDOI4, Triß rw_awnr Bl)______..&._Ale VEINING, OCTOBEIt 111_19474 8 . SPENSION OF TIIE LIVERPOOL • ROYAL BANK, (From the Times.) We have received the following important dis patch:— LIVERPOOL, MONDAY. We regret to announce to you the suspension El f Payments by the Royal Bank of Liverpool this day. A deputation of the directory is now in the me tropolis, with the view to obtain assistance, and if h appily it succeeds, the establishment will resume °Perations. The suspension results from the absence of notes and specie with which to perform the ordinary busi ness of the bank ; an evil resulting in part from the universal contraction of the currency, and specially also from the excitement en ated by the recent forced sales of the Bank Stock for cash, at a very low figure, referred to in the public journals. A run upon the resources of the bank followed the statement of the fall in its stock. The Royal Bank of Liverpool is a joint-stock es tablishment, and was first opened in January, 1839. Prom the commercial article of the Albion of this Morning we make the following extract with regard to the state of commercial affairs in Liverpool : SATURDAY EVENING. We ha ve w i tnessed t hi s week the severest pressure that has yet been felt during the present monetary e "sis, the commercial markets and the Stock Ex change being simultaneously acted upon by pressing ne mands for money ; the former chiefly from the large amount of kills falling due within the next two days, and th e l atter from the settlement of a heavy " Bull" acc ount in C onso l s , an d th e repaymen t t o th e B an k o f "'arm upon stock. The immediate cause of the pres- Q sur e. is, ther e f ore , p ass i ng away , th e C onsu l accoun t "mg been se ttl e d, th e l oans repa id, an d th e b u lk the bills retired, so that should no further sus- Pen sions be reported within the next three days, " the darkest hour that precedes the dawn" will, il l all probability, be past, for every day re duces the amount of bills payable, which by de creasing the demands for cash, is tantamount to an Increased circulation. We regret to state that several failures have occurred in Liverpool during the week, al though it is gratifying to add that the aggregate amount of the liabilities is not heavy. The parties are Matthew Steele and Son, soap manufacturers ; Alocatta and Son, and Samuel and J. L. Mocatta, West India merchants ; William Pearce, commission agent ; B rown, Tod, and Co., provision dealers ; P. Cornthwaite, wholesale grocer ; and A. Mitchell and Co., American merchants, besides several share brokers and stockjobbers. Since the publication of the above we have received the following communication from our Liverpool correspondents : LIVERPOOL, MONDAY. This morning we advised you of the suspension of Payments by the Royal Bank of Liverpool ; and since the dispatch of our letter we have witnessed the con sequences resulting from it upon public credit. The announcement excites the most gloomy appre hensions in commercial circles, and among the general public. Such an event was totally unex pected, and the consequence was, that on some of the local banks a run set in shortly after the opening _hours o f b us i ness. Happily this has not, so far at least, proceeded to any dangerous extent, and we are assured that not only are several of the local estab lishments fully prepared to meet any demands W hich may be made upon them, but that, moreover, With regard to the establishments not included in this satisfactory affirmation, there is no reason to doubt their capacity to hold on through this fright- Ali storm. Nor is this the only statement of a character calculated to relieve the apprehensions of the public ; for we are also informed that not only Were the mass of bills which fell due on Saturday Provided for most satisfactorily, but also that such likewise is the case with regard to those arriving at maturity to-day. In a state of affairs such as we now witness, the 'Change -square is covered with knots of commercial men, anxiously discussing the causes which origi nated and the results which may follow this embar rassing suspension. Everything wears the gloomiest aspect; and rumours of wide impending difficulties, which needlessly add to the panic, are afloat. The position of affairs, it is reported, was fully known to the ex-Premier during his late visit to this town. We annex the official circular issued by the bank directors : " OFFICIAL CIRCULAR. "The directors of the Royal Bank of Liverpool regret to have to announce, that owing to the extra ordinary pressure of the ti mes , th e y co n ce ive it to be the interest of all concerned to suspend the opera tions of the bank until th e resu lt o f the proceedings ° L a deputation now in London has been ascertained, W hich will be immediately announced. "Monday, 18th October, 1847." We have also received the following from our Liverpool correspondents : MONDAY, P.M. Mr. William Brown, M.P. for South Lancashire, a nd Mr. Cardwell, M.P. for Liverpool, who were to Proceed with a deputation from the American teChamber of Commerce at that port to seek an in rview with Lord John Russell on the present money press ure, were e xpecte d to leave Li verpoo l to - n i g ht, the appointment with the Premier having been made for to-morrow. The American Chamber of Com merce sought the co - operat i on o f t h e E ast I n di a an d China Association. A special meeting of that body Was called on Saturday, and, after much discussion, adjourned till Monday. The importance of the sub ject, however, indu ce d t h e comm itt ee t o hold on Saturday evening,t at which other meeting was decided that this board would not associate themselves with the American Cham ber al the present movement. This, we un derstand, arose not from any disinclination to add the influence of the East India and China Asso ciation to that of the American Chamber, but from a difference of opinion as to ,the probable effect of the Measures of relief which the latter body chose to request. Indeed, we are informed that the several commercial associations of the town have had several meetings in the course of the past week, and, though it 15 probable that the individual members of all feel the pinch of the times, though assuredly all are agreed as to the absolute necessity for some relief, yet un fortunately they all differ respecting the mode in Which it should be administered, and the consequence has been much conference, much variety of opinion, but no prospect of united action. DESTRUCTIVE FIRE AT HOXTON. Yesterday Morning, between the hours of six and seven, a very alarming fire broke out upon the extensive premises be longing to Messrs. W. Lawrence and Sons, carpenters and builders, carrying on busin ess i n Pitfi e ld- s t ree t, Roxton Old Town. The flames originated in a two floored building, termed the glazier's workshop, at which time the place was filled with sashes and other mate rials. Such was the progress of the flames that before the workmen on the premises could be summoned together the entire building was in a blaze. In spite of the exertions of the firemen the flames could not be ex tinguished until the workshops in which they originated Were totally destroyed. The fire, it is understood, was occasioned by au escape of gas. Fortunately the im mense piles of timber in the yard, and the other manu facturing premises, escaped from receiving any damage. The loss, which is considerable, will be covered by an insurance in the West of England office. CORONER'S INQUEST—SUSPICIO US DEATIL.---YeS terday an inquest, adjourned from Thursday last, was resumed before Mr. Baker, at the Cape of Good Hope, Limehouse, on view of the body of Mrs. Louisa Brown, married woman, who died during a premature ac • couchement. It appeared that the deceased, with her i husband, who was formerly in the medical professi on , but who now practised as an accountant, lived opposite Litnehouse Church, where they removed about five months ago from Walworth. Last Tuesday Mr. Cum ming, surgeon, was called upon by Mr. Brown, who stated to him that the deceased had recently died. Mr. C umming, on being informed of the symptoms connected With her death, was of opinion that it was from inflam mation, but he wished to have a post mortem examination. The C oroner, on being applied to, i ssue d hi s or d e r for the examination ; upon which Mr. Cumming discovered .? . ?es of inflammation and ulceration of the stomach, 7stich exhibited such appearances that, at the previous Inquest, he asked for an adjournment, in order that the „?)titents of th e s t omac h might be analysed. Yesterday . 14 •Leth e b y , t h e chemical lecturer, said that he had dis covered traces of th e ex i s t ence o f arsen i c, b ut h e h a d not iolpleted th e ana l ys i s, and he wished for further t i me, 1 orde r to submit th e con t en t s to stronger t es t. De Cea sed, it was stat e d, had two pills given her previous Ithuer death, she being five months enciente, after which „ at e _ was seized with a severe s i c k ness. T he i nqu i ry 3 adjourned till Wednesdily next. att_ R ACOONS AT DOLGELLEY.—A few days since three th _qnge looking animals were seen in the meadows below veillage of Llanelltyd, near this town. One of them mc a _ n au t ght . by Mr. Evan Williams, Hafod-y-marfa, and o Sir R. W. Vaughan's, Hengwrit, where on in- Ak ers tw and examination it proved to be a racoon. The itd: t hers have n o t s i nce b een seen, nor can it be sur '4 s to _mi Where I wreck . h tey came from. It is supposed they landed Carnarvon Herald; LTROPECT OF IMPORTANT EVENTS IN THE LAST TWO YEARS. FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) The following table shows the great difference in prices in the period of two years :- 1845. 1847. Railroad Shares. Price, Paid. Price. Paid 80/. Great Western 232 85 Oct. 5, 97 1001. London and Bir mingham 2/. Vale of Neath .... 5 4 4 Per Cent. Consols, 1001. Exchequer-bills .... prem. Oct. 5, 30 dis. Bank Stock Here we may remark a diminution in the value of established railway shares exceeding 30 per cent., which, with the diminution in the value of other pro perty, must have materially lessened the revenue in stamps for conveyances, legacy duty, &c. Within the same period the bullion in the Bank has been lessened from 18 millions to 7 millions, of which the greater part has been exported for corn. In 1846, the bullion in the Bank was 18 millions ; in May, 1847, it was 9 millions ; in August, 1847, 7 millions. In May, 1847, Liverpool, Newport, Cardiff, and many other towns, were inundated with Irish beg gars, and 1,500 starving Irish beggars were landed in London by two steam-packets in one day. The export of such a large amount of bullion was a diminution to that amount of the trading capital of the kingdom. Credit, Bank-notes, and bills of exchange, have been diminished, and interest has been raised accord ingly. In May, 1847, some of the most respectable London merchants were obliged to pay 10 and 12 per cent. for discounting their bills ; others were refused altogether; and to stem the torrent, in October, 1847, the Bank of England refused to make advances on Government Exchequer-bills. In 1844, the Bank-note circulation in England alone was 48,000,0001. In 1847, the Bank-note cir culation of the whole of Great Britain and Ireland only amounted to about 36 millions. We may assume, as a moderate calculation, that the bullion of this country has been diminished to the extent of five millions by the importations of corn, which has reduced Bank-notes to the extent of five millions, bills of exchange to the extent of five mil lions, and credit to the extent of ten millions, making a total of not less than 20 millions in the trading currency. Assuming that this kind of floating currency makes only two turns in a year, the above diminution has lessened the productions of industry by about 40 mil lions per annum. Mr. Bennock, at the Anti-Gold Law-league meeting, Oct. 6, 1847, states—" The funded property has been reduced in value eighty millions, and, taking other I property into account, there has been a depreciation to the extent of two hundred millions. That in order to obtain 20,000,0001. of food, we had to send five millions of gold out of the country." Let us now look back on Sir Robert Peel's last Act for amending and repealing the corn-laws. Was there not a great latent defect in it, which defect is now obvious to every person ? Did it not permit imprudent corn merchants and reckless speculators to export an immense amount of bullion for imprudent importations of corn ? Did it not permit imprudent corn merchants to lessen the wealth, the capital, and trading currency of the kingdom ? Did it not thereby permit the imprudent corn merchants to lessen the productions of industry to the extent of about forty millions per annum ? Have they not brought dis tress to Manchester and the manufacturing districts ? Have they not lessened the value of a great portion of the property of the kingdom by about two hundred millions—in many instances from thirty to sixty per cent. ? Have they not diminished the re venue ? Have they not retarded the construction of railroads ? Did they not in the spring aggravate the wretchedness of the Irish poor? Have they not brought failures on several wealthy and solvent mer chants, and brought distress on numerous individuals who are pining and struggling in secret? All these consequences were foreseen and foretold in 1845. I have been informed, on undoubted authority, that between October, 1845, and February, 1846, letters were written to Sir Robert Peel, Lord John Russell, and several others, pointing out the defect and foretelling the consequences of their Corn-law Bill, and also suggesting an important amendment of it. But those eminent statesmen thought there was nothing like their own Bill • they were totally re gardless of all warnings ; demonstrations as clear as those in Euclid's Elements were thrown aside or put in the fire. Sir Robert Peel's corn-law and Lord John Russell's suspension were inflicted on the coun try, and their want of skill in legislation, fully estab lished by our Government paper money falling from a premium to 30s. discount, by the productions of in dustry being lessened to the extent of forty millions per annum, by the value of property being diminished from thirty to sixty per cent., by a diminution in the revenue from the Customs at Liverpool, in the July quarter, by 159,0001.,* and by the several recent failures of some of the most eminent English mer chants and bill-brokers, and by the failure of the firm in which the Governor of the Bank of England was a partner. It has been attempted, I think unjustly, to take the onus or odium of these reverses from off the Govern ment and their Corn-law Bills, and to throw it on the Bank of England. It has been said in Parlaiment that the Bank ought to have diminished the currency, curtailed accom modation, and raised the discounts sooner than it did. To prevent the export of bullion, and the imprudent importations of corn, the Bank might have put on the screw the moment a suspension of the corn-law was proposed. This would have brought the Bank into direct collision with the Government for counteract ing their plans. What would be the consequences of that ? I apprehend rather serious. I should not like to see such a collision. I have read histories of the Government paper money of almost all countries who have issued it. The Bank of England appears to have managed its affairs better than any government in any country ; and I think it, therefore, manifestly unfair to throw any onus or odium on the Bank, when their notes are at par, their Bank stock at 93 premium, and when our Government Exchequer-bills have lately been at 30s. discount, evidently from an obvious defect in the Go vernment Corn-law Bill. Lord John Russell's Act for postponing the con struction of railroads last session is something like the act of the groom who locked the stable door after the steed was stolen. If he and Sir Robert Peel had amended their Corn-law Bill in 1846, as suggested to them at the time, the merchants would have been importing corn and exporting manufactures, from August, 1846, to March, 1847, instead of waiting all that time for the Corn-law suspension. The corn would have been imported ; the bullion would have remained in the country ; the discounts would not have been raised to s l2 per cent.; the Corn-law suspension would not have been .wanted ; the Railroad suspension would not have encumbered our statutes ; and Lord John Rus sell would have escaped the compliment of having passed an Act as preposterous as one to prevent the construction of a bridge from England to Halifax. From the retrospect of the past we form our opinions of the future. It seems clear, that unless some persons of greater foresight and skill are brought into the Administration, the construction of railroads must be retarded and commerce crippled for the next few years : and we may also feel certain that all the evils which the nation has suffered from a dimi nution of the bullion-currency and credit must come again with the next deficient harvest, or exces sive importation of corn, although by discreet legis lation those evils may be greatly mitigated, if not altogether averted. Oct. 14, 1847. * LIVERPOOL CUSTOMS IN THE JULY QUARTER, 1846-7 1846—X944.498 1847- 785,175 £ls9,323—Diminution herein one•sixth of the gross revenue. BISHOPRIC OF MANCHESTER. The Rev. James Prince Lee, M.A., head master of King Edward's Free School, Birmingham, has just been appointed bishop of the recently created see of Manchester. The reverend gentleman was formerly second master of Rugby School, at the time when the late Dr. Arnold was principal, and suc.eeded to the head mastership of King Edward's School, in Birmingham, on the appointment of his pre decessor, Dr. Jeune (now master of Pembroke College, Oxford) to the Deanery of Jersey. ORIENTATION OF CHURCHES.—In your journal of the 2d inst. I notice an article in which the writer endeavours to prove that it is not necessary, in the erec tion of new churches, to adhere to the invariable practice of the English b ranc h of the holy Catholic church, and place the building east and west. To strengthen his po sition, numerous foreign examples arc cited, and recourse is had to several writings on the subject, the most im portant of all, however, being singularly overlooked. " The priest, standing at the north side of the table, shall say the Lord's prayer." Our Book of Common Prayer settles the matter; if the priest is to comply with the rubric, our churches must be placed east and west.— Correspondent of the Builder. THE LAW OF NEWSPAPER SUBSCRIPTION. —A gentleman in Peterhead, who received and read this (John o' Groat Journal) paper for three years, on the account being presented to him refused to pay, on the plea that he did not order the journal; that a friend had ordered the paper to be sent to him; that owing to some private understandi: e gb s e e t t w t i le x d t themselves he considered the the paper to have been no way responsible for the a mount. In consequence bringeneeo Peterhead, of his refusal to pay, we were reluctantly obliged t an action in the Smal l Debt Court at and a receivedplathee:_foilAo t i e n r g a note strong from o e m n n t our t gavewith de agent in daysin s Court 'ce at that yourreetdseghatc;nrstanhtilml:isena gtehnet.wienbilC.aosueretr,tatilniee:hperrini ff c w i h pl e e t , h t e h r a o t rd th er e e reader e t o f by a h p i a m pe o r r is b ound to pay for it, LTAMBUTtGII MAIL. SILESIA.—Lette from Bremen inform us that on the previtius night there had been ice. Our reports from the Silesian mountains give the same informa ticn, and state that in the beginning of October the mountain was covered with snow for the second time. In the Hampeltoude the thermometer on the 2d of October was 3 deg. Raumer, and the snow lay a foot deep. In the plaint the seed has been in part de stroyed by the inundations : in the mountain vallies a considerable portion of the harvest has not yet been carried home, and on the heights the stores of fodder are lying under snow. VIENNA, OCT. 10.—The death of the Archduke Frederick has excited the greatest consternation, and the public long clung to the hope that the accounts had been exaggerated. Immediately on the receipt of the intelligence of the dangerous illness of his brother the Archduke Frederick, Charles hurried to Venice,' but he must have arrived there too late. The royal corpse is to be brought hither, and will probably be interred with great honours on the 15th, in the royal Capuchins vault. We are sorry to be obliged to report that the cholera has found its first victim in this city. On the 7th a man in the hospital died of an attack of un doubted Asiatic cholera. Precautionary measures have been taken to prevent the spread of the disorder. MURDER OF MAJOR WALDSTETTEN.—The three murderers who strangled Major Waldstetten, with the connivance of his own valet, have been taken. They have confessed their crime, which they com mitted for the purpose of obt a i n i ng p os session of the large quantity of cash whi c h th e Major had in his possession. The three men are brothers. PENDING DIVORCE BETWEEN PRINCE ALBERT OF PRUSSIA AND THE PRINCESS MARIANNE Or THE HAGUE.—The Princess Albert of Prussia has left her children at Berlin, and will re ma in herself at the Hague till the Prussian trib una l s s hall have pro nounced their decision on the subject of the divorce demanded by her Royal Highness. The Court of Prussia has evinced great displeasure at this step of the Princess. FROM THE GALICIAN FRONTIER: The report which has been circulated that the cholera has broken out in Silesia, Galicia, and Moravia, is, we are happy to say, without foundation; that the typhus fever and a malignant distemper has carried off many victims in the circles of Galicia and in part of Silesia, but the cold and , the frost which have already set in will greatly mitigate them. It is true that in regard to the tillage the cold has come too soon. The mountains are already covered with snow, and the fruit of cur orchards, our oats, and our potatoes, are not yet housed. However, we still look for some sunny days to drive away our untimely guest, and our oats and cabbages will not he damaged by the frost. The milit ary exerc i ses among the regiments in Galicia are no w over , an d numerous transports of soldiers forming the German regiments in Galicia are daily returning home. The energetic measures of Count i Stadion are highly ap proved, and the confidence n this humane ma n i s daily increasing. We have this day received letters from Constantinople of Sept. 29. The comp u l sor y measures against Greek subjects begin to be carr i e d out with rigour. The feasts in honour o f th e circum cision of the Princes continue. The city was still free from the cholera, but it had spread on both the shores of the Black Sea. In Odessa it has prevailed for some time ;in Samson it has also . broke n ou t. I n Trebisonde it had carried off, from the 9th to the 18th Sept., 103 victims out of 300 eas es . ARRIVAL OF THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA AT WARSAW. —WARSAW, OCT. 9.—Last night his Majesty the Emperor Nicholas arrived here by way of Lublin, and took up his residence at the P a l ace L az i n k e . At the same time with his Majesty, at twelve o'clock at night his Imperial Highness the Heir-app aren t, also arrived at one o'clock. His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Constantine, attended by General Orloff, arrived. Field-Marshal Prince Paskewich returned from his journey to Warsaw at two o'clock. WARSAW, OCT. 12.—0 n the day before yesterday his Majesty the' Emperor and the Grand Duke, attended Divine service in the church of St. Alex ander Newski. The monarch afterwards received the generals who are present here. In the evening the Heir-apparent and the Grand Duke C ons t an ti ne were at the theatre. Yesterday the imperial party attended Divine service in the cathedral of the Holy Tri n it y , where they were solemnly received by the bishop and clergy. VIENNA, OCT. 9.--ACCIDENT TO THE ARCHDUKE STEPHEN.—An express has just arrived from Koman in Hungary, from his Imperial Highness the Arch duke Stephen, who is the messenger for evil tidings. As the Archduke, on his journey from hence to Offen, was going from Koman to Raab, and about to cross the flying bridge over the Danube, an immense number of people rushed towards the vessel, being anxious to get over, as the town of Raab was bril liantly nominated, and grand preparations had been made for the reception of the Stadtholder. The tra velling carriage of the Archduke just succeeded in reaching the vessel, but the bridge immediately gave way, the second and third carriages and an immense number of persons were precipitated into the river. The most fearful confusion ensued. When the ex press left about 80 persons were missing, among whom were many cavaliers from the suite of the Archduke, but it is hoped that many of them may have been saved. The Archduke Stephen remained zt Koman, and sent off an express to his illustrious mother• in-law, while his younger brother, the Arch duke Joseph, who is just fourteen, hastened to Offen for the purpose of preventing all erroneous reports. A later account states that not the bridge itself, but the balustrade, gave way ; that a number of persons were thrown into the water, and many drowned. The accounts are extremely different, and vary from 9 to 46 as to the number who perished. From the 10th to the 15th of October, 1847, 21 vessels laden either wholly or in part with grain entered the port of A n t werp. Th e importations were— Wheat •'• 3,532,540 kil. Rye ▪ 423,650 ~ Flour • 137,590 ~ Rice .. ▪ 524,300 to OCT. 17.—The Moniteur of the day contains the official report of the Minister of Finance and the tables of the commerce of Belgium with foreign countries, according to the official returns of Customs, including 1846. From this it appears that during the past year the importations were 14,013 head of of sheep and pigs were 21,37 5 , cattle, at 1,422,850 f. The exportations were 12,930 head of cattle, at the value of 2,209,380 f. The im portationsof 551,735 f. The exportations of sheep and pigs were 65,771, at the value of 1,384,897 f. The importation of hay, 2,800,000 kil., to the value a3t,13863,,072268f,.7_00Hf.arnRby:,8,37:3a,7n9d4 ,00kil., at of 187,500 f.; the exportation of hay, 5,091,000, at at the value 304,962 f. The importation of wheat, 127,827,000, Potatoes, 330,800 hectolitres, at the value of Brussels pa pers. 10,175,568 f. AIGUILLETTES AND M ousTAcnEs. —lt is said that amongst the minor subjectsw .recently discussed by high military authorities moustaches for (-'re aiguillettes for cavalry and for the sentiments infantry,of the but L on their being submitted Grace decidedly set his tne martial appearance Chief, his grounds we have not heard, face against the latter ; on what ably improve the Moustaches unquestion they are of reasonable thicknessappearance of a soldier, if but as these requisites cannot and a decided colour ; cannot . always be attained, even by the appropriation to the purchase of bear's portion of a soldier's pittance grease a nd patent dyes, they are better out of the way , a Uniformity of appearance and personal cleanliness in fantry, and to neither of thes e u se of the moustache at all contribute. obje c ts would the general contribute. Whether any objection has been advanced n ot transpired. To heavy cavalryagainst the aiguillette has of great utility, as it would leave we think it would be it e re the sword arm more free and unshackled than Possibly be under the box epaulette. Every officer in n marching order must find it almost impossible to perforrn the sword exercise with ease and freedom. But if theai guillette is to be introduced we trust it will be univer for to confine it entirely to the Househo l d Dra goons would only create fresh jealousies.—United Service Gazette, GLASGOW PIG IRON MARKET.—.S• our last, the iron market has been in a most feverish state, arising from the me from the state of the money market, and lancholy accounts daily received London, ecc. part of the week, During the few days in the earlie ( r a l a al east for large comparatively free from failures the gloomy amounts), iron rose to 61 s. an d 625., and one sale was re ported at 635. 6d., cash in a mont h, l but state of affairs in London a t p resen t has transactions forced has been have prices down to 595. to 605., at wh ich a few market taken place. During the week the very quiet—purchasers buying for immediate consump tion only .—National Advertiser. Listen," A MORAL FOR YOUNG LADIES..-_,c said I, "listen and attend, and y ou shall have window an example. When the wa s p n ewi i n l kind the en tered the room, you flew at it with nof violence. ow.in I wonder it didn't sting e ver y one of you. i s bout, a muscle—don't little future, let a wasp when i t comes have and make its little noise. Don't stir on ,t t move a lip—but be as quiet its the st atue of Venus or Diana, or anybody of that sort, until the wasp seems the feather end f as h l inclined—as at this moment —to settle. Then o do now. Whereupon, dipping pen in the cruet of salad oil, I approached the of e and in the softest and tenderest manner possible ju sp q" oiled it upon the body—the black and yellow likeupon grooms' waistcoats—when down it fell, " There, girls,'Lsa l id s back, and was dead in a minute. I, " see what kindness and a little oil does. - Now , here's my moral and example. When a husband comes home in an ill humour, don't cry out and fly at him; but try a little oil—in fa ct, treat your husband like a wasp?' PRODUCTIVE POTATO.—Th. —There was raised on Tues day last, from one shave growing in the garden of Mr. William Turnbull, joiner, Appletree-hall, 61b. weight of potatoes, and ono of them w eighed no less than 21b. 6oz. We m a y men tion that the potatoe s in this neighbourhood generally are of the very best quality ; indeed they I have not been so good fo r many years past.—Kelso Chronicle, SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. - TATTERSALL'S.—YErrERDAY. The Cambridgeshire betting was brisk enough on the leading favourites, but did not involve a very heavy out lay; and, apart from them, was alike flat and unim portant. It will be sufficient to state that after the favoured few," Newcourt, Wanota, and Deriades were most in favour; the first was backed at 25 to 1, Wanota at 35 to 1 (40 to 1 afterwards offered), and Deriades at 1,000 to 10, just double the odds that were offered to be taken at the close. The prices returned are the final averages:— CAMBRrDGESHIRE STAKES. Bto 1 agst Mr. Greville's Geraldine, 4 yrs, 6st—t 11 to 1 agst Mr. Nunn's Prior of St. Margaret's, 4 yrs, Bst—taken 12 to 1 agst Lord Exeter's Hydrangea, 4 yrs, 6st 10lb—taken 13 to 1 agst Mr. Parr's Giselle, 4 yrs, 7st—taken 13 to 1 agst Mr. Rolt's Collingwood, 4 yrs, 7st 121 b —taken 13 to 1 agst Mr. Worley's Patriot, 6 yrs, Bst llb—t 16 to 1 agst Mr. Pedley's Foreclosure, 3 yrs, 7st 31b —taken 20 to 1 agst Mr. Mostyn's Queen Mary, 3 yrs,6st6lb 20 to 1 agst Mr. Taylor's George Hudson, 3 yrs, Est 25 to 1 agst Captain Pettat's Newcourt, aged, Bst 21b —taken 25 to 1 agst Mr. Rolt's The Cur, 5 yrs, Bst 21b 30 to 1 agst Lord E. Russell's Dulcet, 5 yrs, Bst 51b 30 to 1 agst Duke of Bedford's Bridle, 3 yrs, 7st 51b 40 to 1 agst Lord E. Russell's Reminiscence, 3 yrs. 7st 21b 40 to I agst Lord Caledon's Wanota, 3 yrs, Gst 101 b 40 to 1 agst Mr. Wigram's Deriades, 3 yrs, sst 10lb 3,000 to 30 agst Mr. A. Johastone's Rough and Ready, .5 yrs, GA 101 b—taken. CRITERION STAKES. 6 to 4 was laid on Mr. Green's two (Assault and Flat catcher) and 5 to 2 agst Loadstone. DERBY. 16 to 1 agst Mr. Payne's Glendower 25 to 1 agst Mr. B. Green's Flatcatcher—taken 30 to 1 agst Mr. Mostyn's Loadstone—taken. PERTH RACES.—FRIDAY. Plate of 501; for three yrs old, 7st 71b; - four, Bst 71b; five, 9st lib ; six and aged, 9st 61b; mares, &c., al lowed 21b. Heats. Once round. Mr. Binnie's Titus Oates, 4 yrs (Halloway) 4 0 1 1 Mr. Merry's br fby Lanercost—Abigail... 1 0 2 fell Mr. Robertson's Saladin, aged ... 3 3 3 Mr. Meiklam's Susanna, 3 yrs ... 2dr A fine race. The Challenge Cup of 75/., given by the Ladies of Perth, added to a Sweepstakes of 5 sovs. each; for hunters, 12st 71b each, &e. Heats. Once round and a distance. Mr. Merry's Pilot, 5 yrs ... (Mr. Nicol) 1 1 Duke of Athol's Lycurgus, 5 yrs... ... ... 2 dr Won easily. The Hurdle Stakes of 5 sous. each, and 20 added, 12st 7113 each. Gentlemen riders. Once round and a dis. Duke of Athol's Hotspur, aged . . (Mr. Rait) 1 Mr. Robertson's Devil on Four Legs, 5 yrs (fell) ... 2 _ .• LORD ASHLEY AND THE EDIN. BURGH INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS. _ _ . On Friday Lord Ashley visited the different in dustrial schools established in Edinburgh, after which he addressed a large number of ladies and gentlemen who had assembled to meet his Lordship in the school in Ramsay-lane. Among those present we observed ' Sheriff Spiers, Sheriff Jameson, Dr. M‘Laggan, Rev. Mr. Drummond, Rev. Mr. Millar, Dr. Beilby, Mr. Meldrum, S.S.C. Professor Balfour, Mr. Stewart, W.S., Dr. Greville, Mr. Blackadder, Professor Miller, Mr. W. Johnstone, Rev. Mr. Guthrie, Mr. Crawfurd, Advocate, Professor Allison, &c. On the motion of the Rev. Mr. GUTHRIE, Sheriff Spiers was called to the chair. The CHAIRMAN having introduced Lord Ashley to the meeting in a few appropriate remarks, His LORDSHIP rose, and addressed the meeting at considerable length. He felt, in addressing a meet ing at Edinburgh, that he spoke to an audience who were perfectly conversant with the important subject that had brought them together. He felt that there was in this city a body of ladies and gen tlemen who were fully alive to the improvement of that peculiar class of the community who had hitherto escaped notice ; and it was a discreditable fact in the history of the government of this great empire, that for so long a period this peculiar class should have passed without the slightest care or attention. Many individuals believed that the majority of this miserable class were only isolated individuals of the great mass of corruption, and not a wholly distinct class, spawned in the very mire of immorality and profligacy, and completely separated by man ners and locality, from all the genial influences which exist among the rest of mankind. He felt that in London and in Edinburgh they were asso ciated together for the accomplishment of a glorious enterprise ; for he could not conceive anything more becoming their position as Englishmen and their high calling as Christians, than that they should be banded together for the purpose of rescuing from vice and misery a large portion of the human race. He had some reason to believe that an attempt would ere long be made in London and elsewhere for introducing a system of things that would go far to destroy all the benefits that would result from it. This system was known in Scotland by the name of the hospital system. In London, be understood, a plan was in contemplation to send out parties to scour all the various localities, and to send away the children to an hospital some ten or fif teen miles from the metropolis, where they would be brought up in a state of com plete separation from the rest of the community. He could conceive nothing more prejudicial than such a plan. It was, in the first place, objectionable on ac count of its expense - and, in the next place, it would take away one of the chief advantages at present de rived from the industrial-school system—that of in fluencing the minds of the patents through the medium of the children. It was the opinion of the ministers of the various denominations, borne out by the experience of the different City mis sionaries, that more good was effected on parents through the reformation of the children, than ever had been effected on the children through the reformation of the parents. He was de cidedly of opinion that they would never successfully deal with the vast mass of vice and immorality which prevailed among our adult population, unless through the medium of the children. He could quote nume rous cases in proof of this. The establishment of the hospital system would therefore entirely take away this instrumentality. He had another objection to this system, and it was this, that it would bring up these children in a way in which their lives would not be afterwards led. However faulty the domestic system might be at home, yet, with all its f a ults, it was the system which had been instituted by God; and he must say that he looked upon the per formance of the little duties which took place between brothers and sisters, and the thousand other inci dents connected with domestic life, as worth all the teaching which the children ever could re ceive under the hospital system. There were no doubt excepted cases ; such as where children had lost both their parents, or where the parents were so corrupt and degraded that it became a matter of ne cessity that the offspring should be withdrawn from the parental roof. Lord Ashley then went on to show that it was of the utmost consequence to keep the industrial schools at their due level. The tendency of the present time was towards parade and show ; and the consequence was, that the clever children were always selected as the objects of peculiar care, whilst those who required the most vigilant attention were neglected. This should not be ; for as long as the present popu lation lasted, they must make their schools to correspond with it. Their business was in tke mire and the gutter, and the moment they got out of these, they were in a position which did not belong to them. He hoped, therefore, that they would carefully consider the matter before they adopted the hospital system which was about to be set on foot in London. He was glad that, with re gard to the schools in Edinburgh, it had been decided to make them all industrial. To the children whc attended these schools they must give completely new ideas. They must implant in their minds the notion that it is not only pleasant but profitable to be em ployed, and that there is another way to get their live lihood than that to which they have been hitherto ac customed of either begging or stealing. He urged this because he had known children that had come to these schools absolutely ignorant of the rights of property ; who conceived that to obtain a livelihood, they were quite justified in doing anything that came within the compass of possibility. They must also be put to that kind of work which they understood to be:pro fitable, and not merely for the purpose of keeping them out of harm's way. Hence in London they had put them to the making of shoes and clothes, and he was glad to see that here they were put to the making of nets and the teasing of hair. His Lordship then re ferred to the good that had been effected in London by causing the children to make their own clothes and shoes ; one class of the boys making the former, and another class making the latter. This plan, besides exciting to habits of industry, implanted the desire of appearing decent, and taught the children, besides, the value of depending upon each other. His Lord ship then related some anecdotes illustrative of the advantages that had accrued from these schools in some of the worst districts in London ; after which he intimated his concurrence with the opinion expressed by Dr. Chalmers, that it was only by an aggressive policy that they could do any good whatever in the large and metropolitan cities. He believed that all the reformatory systems at present in operation in out various prisons and penitentiaries, necessary as they might be, were useless as compared with the good that would be effected by an aggressive policy car ried on through the medium of the children. lie was of opinion that education, however necessary and indispensable, was not the only thing. Reading and writing were merely the avenues by which intelligence could be communi cated to a child ; and therefore moral train ing must go hand in hand with all their teaching. Reading and writing, however, were on the whole an advantage, for he found from a return given by the metropolitan police, that out of 62,841 persons appre hended in 1846, 22,223 could neither read nor write ; 35,467 could read and write a little; 4,222 could read and write well ; and 509 had received a superior edu cation. His Lordship then expressed his conviction that if we had gone on tor twenty-five years longer as we had been doing for the last two centuries in this country, we would have been quite unable to have checked the gigantic mass of vice and mischief. He did hope, in whatever was done by Government or private individuals, that they would never depart from the great principle of making revealed religion the beginning, the middle, and the end of all. From the Queen on the throne to the poorest beggar, it was the one thing needful ; and much more so to the latter, whose hope was not in this world, but in a better state of existence. What was the Bible? Was it not the palladium of our liberties, and the strength and glory of our institutions ? It gave him, therefore, the greatest de light to know the manly resistance which they had lately made to a proposition to exclude the Word of God from these schools. Was it not, he would ask, their glory to look out for the most miserable and forgotten of these children, and to put the Bible into their hands, and tell them that th a t was th e i r c h ar t er an d title-deeds, which no man could take from them, to an - other and a better world ! He would impress those who differed from these views with the fact that they might make good citizens without making good Christians, but they could not make good Christians without making good citizens. Lord Ashley con cluded by saying that it was only by making our selves the acceptable people of God that this empire could successfully withstand the shock of such lower ing times as the present. The Rev. Mr. GUTHRIE, in moving the thanks of the meeting to Lord Ashley, said if he had his will he would turn every hospital in Edinburgh into a 1 ragged school, because he was convinced that the one does a vast deal more good than the other. lie felt confident that the instrumentality of the ragged schools would tell mightily upon our large towns; and he held that, amidst all our monuments, exhibi tions of pictur e s, un i vers i t i es, and other beauties, the Ragged School was the real lion of Edinburgh. The Rev. Mr. MILLAR seconded the vote of thanks to Lord Ashley. The motion was carried amidst acclamation, and Sheriff SPEIRS formally conveyed the acknow ledgments of the meeting to his Lordship. He did not know whether or not it had been ascertained that his Lordship had any priority of claim in the inven tion of the system of ragged or industrial schools; but this did not matter much, as it was not so much the person who made a discovery that benefited the human race as he who took advantage of it, and made it to work for the benefit of the human race. In this re i spect no person had a higher claim upon them than Lord Ashley, who 10 the exertions which lie had made . oa behalf of industrial schools, was actuated by the principle that he recognised in the poor children for whom they were designed, " bone of our hone, and flesh of our flesh." As to the question about the introduction of the hospital system in connexion with these schools, he was sure they would all respond to the remark that had been made by Mr. Guthrie, In fact, what his Lordship had stated against the hospital system could not have been uttered in a place where its truth could have been more easily proved than in Edinburgh. They had numbers of them here—far too many ; and although established on a principle far more favourable than the proposed ones could ever expect to be placed, yet they were the very last places where, generally speaking, we would like to see our children brought up. Sheriff Speirs concluded by expressing the delight with which all of them had listened to his Lordship's stirring and eloquent address, which could net fail to be of great benefit to the cause of industrial schools in this city. Lord ASHLEY shortly acKnowledged the compli ment, after which the Meeting broke up.--.S'eotsman. PARIS ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. SITTING OF OCTOBER 11. M. Val: read a paper attributing the same origin to two new comets discovered last year, one by M. Vico, the other by M. Brorsen. These comets, says M. Valz, present so great a similarity of orbit that it is reasonable to suppose they were originally one which divided into two, as happened with the last re-appearance of the comet of 6;4 years. In the first observations made by Valz of the comet of Brorsen, he was struck at finding it pursue nearly the same route as that of M. Vieo, preceding it by 11 degrees, which is equal to seven days of interval, and conti nuing in such a way that on the 26th of February and the sth of March the declinations were the same, and the right ascensions differed by only two degrees. On the 15th and 20th of March the declinations were identical, and the right ascensions presented only a slight difference. M. Arago gave an account of the observations made on the eclipse of the 9th inst. by .MM. Mauvais and Goujon, who had gone, at his request, from Paris to Orleans, and by M. Lausier, who had also gone to Clermont, in the Oise. At this latter place the atmes -I,here was even in a more unfavourable state for obser vations than in Paris, but at Orleans MM. Mauvais and Goujon were able to perceive the eclipse at about 49 min. after six. The sun was at that time eclipsed to the extent of about the fourth of its diameter. They began to perceive the occultations of the spots, but the great undulations of the atmosphere, which gave to the edges of the sun and moon a dentilated appear ance, did not permit them to determine exactly the periods of the immersion. At half-past seven, the air being more calm they prepared for the observation of the formation of the ring, which M. Mauvais de scribes as follows :—" The extremities of the horns of the sun were at this time exceedingly sharp, but with out apparent deformations, the undulations of the air, however, gave them a serpentine aspect. Wh en t h e horns had embraced the three-fourths of the circum ference of the moon they began to advance more rapidly one before the other, and their movement of progression was very sensible to the eve. From this moment I remarked several times that this movement of progression was not uniform, but by starts—it was not continuous, for sometimes a luminous detached trace of light was seen in front of the horn. The ob scure interval which remained between two was at first about ten seconds. It filled gradually with light, and the detached parts blended into each other insensibly. These detached points ap peared at first weak, and less resplendent than the rest of the sun; but by degrees they acquired more brilliancy, without change of colour. When the extremities of the two horns of the sun were only about 25 deg. from each other there was suddenly formed a suite of luminous points, to the number of ten or twelve, separated from each other. They bore a great analogy to the tops of the mountains of the moon, which are perceived in the first quarter, in the obscure part and near the lighted position. The rupture of the ring was observed at 7h. 36m. 225.-7. But the difficulty of choosing the instant at which the ring might be considered to be perfectly formed ren dered very uncertain the determiLation of these two phases of the eclipse. I did not perceive the long black stripes said to have been seen in other eclipses, nor the chaplets of round beads, nor the dentilated asperities." M. Mauvais examined attentively the obscure surface of the moon with a Savart polariscope. He saw no trace of polarisation. He attempted several times to perceive outside the sun the obscure portion of the moon which he had seen in the preced ing eclipse at l'erpignan, but saw nothing similar. Ile termination of the eclipse took place at Bh. 57m. 48s. M. C. Sedilot gave an account of a case of farcy communicated to a man. The person affected had been in the habit of riding and grooming a horse that had the farcy. lie was suddenly attacked with all the symptoms of the disease, and after much suffering lied. On the pc,•st mortem examination there remained no doubt as to his having had the same disease as the horse, but it is not known exactly how the pus by which he was inoculated was communicated. A FIGHT WITH KNIVES IN A SPANISH CITY. Suddenly the muleteer's eyeballs glared like a wild cat's, and he gnashed his teeth together —you might have heard them rasp —as, with a fierce cry, he sprung from his seat, upsetting the little table, bottle, glasses, and all, and with one bound he was alongside the charcoal burner, and, laying his hand on his shoulder, twirled him round with a quick violent movement, and they were face to face. Pepe shook his fist in he charcoal-burner's face ; but, choked with passion, he could not speak ; the gleam of his eyes showed what he meant. Manolo, for it was that worthy, had evidently been drinking, and was without his hat, and he started back at first at the startling and sudden appearance of the muleteer. But, quickly recovering himself, he drew forth his long knife and rushed at Pepe ; but his arm was seized by the soldiers, and he was held back, struggling violently, and cursing hor ribly. " Let us have it all fair. A ring ! a ring !" cried they. " Not in here, not in here !" called out the alarmed host; " not in here, gentlemen, if you please ; go out in the street." "In the street, in the street ! the moon is up, and there is light enough," cried the soldiers, as they dragged the struggling charcoal burner into the open air. They had heard nothing of the cause of this deadly quart., 1 ; but some backed the muleteer, others the charcoal-burner. The waning moon shed a faint, dubious hght down the open street upon the strange scene ; but the atmosphere, so pure and serene, interrupted not her rays until they fell on the forms of the wild and now excited soldiers. Pepe, drawing his knife, followed the charcoal burner into the street. They were apparently well matched; each about the same size and stature, and each armed with a long sharp-pointed knife. But Pepe, though mad with rage, and struck dumb with intense horror at the sight of his dear master's murderer, had not been drinking; and, moreover, he had his hat, and much to avenge. The lower orders of Spaniards practice from their infancy the use of the deadly navaja ; it is their inseparable companion, and they can use it with a dexterity almost incredible. I have often seen in the towns and villages of Andalusia little boys playing at knives with pieces of wood, and showing great skill and readiness in handling their mimic wea pons. The Englishman has his fist, the Irishman his shillelah, the negro his head, and the Spaniard his knife, which he uses as promptly and readily as the others; but the effect, as may be supposed, is widely different. "Now, then, my gamecocks, at it I , a.dollar on the first stroke !" shouted one of the arriero s backers. " A dollar on black face r cried another, patting the charcoal burner on his back. Pepe and Manolo glared fiercely at one another as each now w d o stood does before pre pared to spring, crouching as a panther his leap, their knives firmly g rasped in thei r r i g h t hands, with the thumb on the blade, and held a b out level with the knee. The soldiers fo rme d a ring round them, and stood in silence ; for now it was not fair to speak. " Toma !" shouted the charcoal burner, as, with a rapid movement he jumped at the arriero with a deadly intention, but uncertain feet. As Manolo was in the air, Pepe, with his left hand, dashed his broad-leafed hat into his face, and baffled his aim. The impetus of the spring, aided by the aguardiente he had dr an k , carried the charcoal burner staggering forwards ; and, as he passed, the muleteer, jumping quickly on one side, drove his long knife up to the haft in the side of him who had slain his best friend, and with a shout of triumph he cried, " Take that for Lope !" It was all over in a minute. The wounded charcoal -burner fell forwards on his face, with the red blood spurting from the gash in his TVayside Cross. MADDISON AND CLASPER.—NeweII has arrived in the Tyne, with the boat in which he rowed Coombes, for the purpose of training Maddison. A. good deal of excitement exists here, Maddison being the favourite, at short odds. He is a strong, promising young fellow, and must improve greatly under the tuition of Newell. EMIGRATION TO SOUTH AUSTRALlA.—Yesterday her Majesty's Commissioners for Emigration, appointed a vessel to leave Deptford, for Port Adelaide, Sonth Australia, with 130 married emigrants, on the 22d of November next. Mr. Campbell, postmaster, Stranraer, has been com mitted to prison, charged with having abstracted from a letter in the Post-office twenty pounds in Bank of Eng land notes in August last. The money was a remittancv from Liverpool to Mr. Milrick, farmer, Clenry, parish of Inch.—Dumfries Herald. RAPID INCREASE OF POPULATION IN THE FAB `VEST.—The population of Ohio, Indiana, Michig an , Illinois, and Wisconsin , in 1787, just sixty y ears s i nce , was 4,000 souls — and the population of the tame states in 1847 is 4,175,000 souls One half of thi s i ncrease has taken place within the last sixteen years. COURT CIRCULAR, WINDSOR, MONDAY.—The Queen and Prince Albert walked this forenoon in the grounds .around the Castle. The Royal Family took their usual walking and pony exercises. His Excellency the Chevalier Bunsen, his Serene Highness Prince Lowenstein, the Duchess of Suther land, and the Duke of Wellington, are expected to arrive at the Castle this evening, on a visit to her Majesty. Viscount Morpeth left the Castle this morning. 9 The royal dinner party at the Castle this evening is expected to include her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, her Royal Highness the Duchess of Glou cester, his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, his Excellency the Chevalier Bunsen, the Duchess of Sutherland, his Serene Highness Prince Lowenstein, the Duke of Wellington, Lady Anna Maria Dawson, Lady Caroline Murray, Baroness de Speth, Miss L. Dawson Darner, Sir George Couper, and Major Stephens. The Band of the Grenadier Guards attend during dinner. Her Majesty's private Band afterwards attend in the Castle. A Cabinet Council was held, at two o'clock yes terday afternoon, at the Foreign•office. The Mi nisters present were Lord John Russell, the Lord Chancellor, the Marquis of Lansdowne, Sir George Grey, Viscount Palmerston, Earl Grey, the Chan cAlor of the Exchequer, the Earl of Auckland, Sir John llobhouse, the Right Hon. H. Labouchere, Lord Campbell, the Marquis of Clanricarde, Viscount Morpeth, and the Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay. The Council sat two hours and a half. The Lord Chancellor has appointed Tuesday, the 2d of November, at eleven o'clock, as the day on which he will receive the Lord Mayor elect, in order to signify her Majesty's approbation of his Lordship. The Lord Chancellor will also on the same day (the first of Michaelmas Term), receive the Judges, Queen's Counsel, &c. These receptions will take place at the Lord Chan cellor's residence in Park-lane. _ _ Viscount Morpeth returned to town yesterday from Windsor Castle. Dispatches were sent off last evening from the Co lonial-office for the Governor-General of Canada, and also for the Governors of the other North American provinces. THE HIGHLANDS OF SCOTLAND. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—The following hint how to take care of your self, should you chance to be rambling on the tops of the Scottish hills without a guide, and be overtaken with a fog, or be benighted in the cold and wet of winter, may be useful to your readers : The melancholy and affecting death of the two English gentlemen, Mr. Whitebourn and Mr. Ste; ricker, found lately on the hill of Kinlochleven, In verness-shire, has reminded me of an incident in my own life, which I now write for the first time, in the hope it may be useful to others. About thirty years since, when I was a lad of eighteen, full of the ardour and thirst of sight seeing, I set out on a journey to Skye and the western parts of Inverness-shire, and having an aged aunt in Morven, I took advantage of a sailing-packet going in that direction. After having spent the autumn with my relative, I began to shape my course homewards ; and, though it was in the month of November, I rashly re solved to return by the district of Moidart, in order to see the landing -place of Prince Charles Edward. It was on this route that I nearly perished. The first day's journey, along the beautiful shore of Loch Suanart, was pleasant and prosperous enough. But how short lived is our pleasure, and how uncertain is our pros perity. It was, as I stated, the month of November, and, being three o'clock in the afternoon as I began to ascend the Hill of Aorun, I had but one hour of daylight, and that hour was spent in getting into the centre of the mountain top. All at once I was enve loped in clouds and darkness, alone and forlorn on a hill of storms. I now for the first thee began to see my danger. Strangers, when looking at a mountain from the valley below, are generally apt to imagine that the top or surface of the mountain is a clean flat, or equal ground, whereas the greater part of all I have yet seen are studded with bumps, like stacks in a barnyard, rocks, cliffs, and crags, ravines, and precipices ; many, too, with small lakes, large enough to drown a horse and his rider. Such was the Hill of Aorun. In such a place to proceed was dangerous in the dark, and to remain still was equally so in a winter night of sleet and rain. Death stared me on either side. I ate a bit of bread and cheese, after asking a blessing on it. I then pulled heath, on which, after prayers, I lay down to rest ; but soon found, .by cold and shivering, that this would not do ; so I got up, and wrought the whole night at pulling heath, and by daylight I had a waggon load of it. I thus kept my blood warm and in circulation ; whereas I might otherwise, like poor Mr. Stericker and Whitebourn, have slept the sleep of death. Both my hands were, with the labour swollen to nearly the size of my head; and, if any shepherd lives now who saw the heath, and could nut account for it, he may account for it now. The finest music I ever heard was the shrill and clarion voice of a domestic cock, which I then heard before dawn ; for it assured me that I was not far from a human dwelling, though I dared not, from the precipices that surrounded me, venture to proceed. One would imagine that after this I should not readily be en trapped again in a mountain mist; yet was I very nearly again taken, and a guide with me. It was about fifteen years since, in the same month of No • vember, when I was going professionally on a visit through Knoidart ; but a blink of sun having darted through the mist saved us ; and well it did, for my guide became so paralysed and frightened that he be came useless. Had the worst happened, I would have again wrought at the heath, as I would have every one to do who should ever be so unfortunate. I am, Sir, your very obedient servant, ALEXANDER MACLENNAN, Incumbent of Rosse Church, Fort William, Inverness-shire. THE LATE ASSAULT AND ROBBERY AT WEST MINSTER.—It will be in the recollection of our readers that in the daily journals of Wednesday last, under the head of " Westminster Police Court," was inserted a report of the examination of George M'Coy and Thomas Doyle, on a charge of having, with two or three others not in custody, made a most murderous attack on an old gentleman, named Bellchambers, residing at No. 44, Wilton-street, Pimlico, while returning home, on the night of Monday, the 11th instant, through Orchard street, Westminster, when, after most brutally beating and injuring him, they robbed him of his watch and oilier property. At the examination it was stated that Mr. Bellchambers was lying at his residence in a state of great danger, and quite unable to attend at the Court, and the two prisoners were accordingly remanded for a fortnight. We regret now to state that Mr. Bellchambers has since died from the effects of the dreadful injuries he received, the melancholy event taking place at nine o'clock on Sunday night. STRAW BONNET MAKING, WANT, AND DEATH. — Last evening a long inquiry took place before Mr. Car ter, at the Feathers Tavern, Walwortb, as to the death of Ann Gallagher, aged 65. The unfortunate deceased, it was too evident from what was witnessed in her room, was in an extreme state of destitution. There was but a single chair, and a mass of mere rags for a bed. Mrs. Young, of 10, Burton-street, stated that the deceased lived in her house, where she had a single room. She was a straw bonnet maker. Coroner—And what could she earn at that ? Witness—Sixpence a day in full work, but she could not work lately. Coroner—Was that all she had to live on ? Witness—l believe she had 2s. 6d. a week from the parish. The witness went on to state that she often gave her tea and other things, but she would never let her go into the room. On Saturday she sent for some laudanum, and took a portion of it. She said it would assuage her pain. On Wednesday she was found dead in bed. Coroner—Do you think she took the laudanum for the purpose of destroying life ? Witness said she thought she had been in such a state of want, and as she herself said her stomach was destroyed from want of food, that the laudanum bad had a great effect upon her. On the Wednesday when she saw her she thought deceased was stupified from the effects of the laudanum. The foreman and one or two of the jury said they had no doubt the laudanum had accelerated her death from extreme weakness, arising from want; but ultimately a verdict of " Natural Death" was returned, the coroner observing that if lau danum had accelerated death it was not taken inten tionally. DEATH OF DR. DEALTRY.—The Church has just sustained a severe loss by the death of the late Venerable William Dealtry, Archdeacon of Surrey and rector of Clapham. This excellent man died at Brighton on Fri day last, being, we apprehend, in about the 72d year of his age. He took his B.A. degree in the year 1796, being the seeond wrangler and Smith's prizcman of that year, which was one not barren of eminent men, Dr. Wordsworth, the late master of Trinity College, being the tenth wrangler, and Dr. Butler, of Shrewsbury (afterwards Bishop of Lichfield), the fourth senior optime. Mr. Dealtry naturally became Fellow of Tri nity College immediately after, and was soon appointed to a professorship at the East India College, Hailey. bury. On the death of the Rev. John Vcnn, then rector of Clapham, he was called to that important post, which he continued to occupy for about thirty years, and in which he ever manifested an union of fervent piety, high re finement, and practica l v good sense, such as is rarely witnessed. He was a ppointed Chancellor and Preben dary of Winchester about twelve or fifteen years back; and, on the elevation of Dr. Wilberforce to the deanery of Westminster, he succeeded him as Archdeacon of Surrey. Few men have had the happiness to pass through life amidst such general esteem and affection as have gathered round Dr. Dealtry for very many years past. LORD JOHN RUSSELL.—The fact is correct which we announced last Saturday, namely, that Lord John Russell proposed to be in Glasgow on Wednesday the 27th current, to be inducted into the chair of Lord Rector of the University ; but all the classes do not meet on that day, nor for some days afterwards ; and it is probable, therefore, that the induction of the Noble Lord will be postponed till the week after.—Scotch Bel:awes Gazette. Won iu a cantei. ADVANTAGE OF TAKING A NEWSPAPER.—The Devonshire Chronicle says—" A farmer residing near Newton last week sold about 100 bushels of wheat at seven shillings per bushel, not having heard that an ad vance had taken place in the price of that article. On conversing with his neighbour, who resided at the ad joining farm, and stating what a bargain he had made, the neighbour replied,' Why, man, I hae sold thic same feller a hundred bushels at eight shillings, and nort so good a zample as thine.' The farmer seemed sadly mor tified at the bargain he had made. His neighbour re plied, Why dunt thur take in the nusepaper, and see the carp markets, how the go.' " EMBEZZLEMENT BY A SEavaNT.—Yesterday in formation was received by the police that a young man, named William Croft, in the employ of Sir Godfrey Webster, of Blackheath, had absconded, having em bezzled upwards of 2801. of that gentleman's property. PUBLIC GYMNASIUM IN THE REGENT ' S PARK: The Commissioners of Woods and Forests have erected a gymnasium on the ground at the foot of Primrose• hill, which will be open to the use of the public under certain regulations. Two extensive coal-masters of West Bromwich— Mr. W. Reybould and Mr. W. Salter—were committed at Birmingham on Saturday, on a charge of stealing 945 tons of coal, by working their mine under the neigh bouring property of Mr. Elisha Caddick. CURRENTS OF THE ATLANTIC.—At the meeting of geologists and naturalists in Boston on Thursday last, Professor H D. Rogers read a report from Lieutenant Maury on the currents of the North Atlantic, which may be of great importance to navigation. Between New York and Havre and New Yolk and Liverpool there is only a difference of one day's sailing in distance, while in time there is an average difference of nearly a week. This may be obviated by a knowledge of the currents. In going from Havannah to New Orleans vessels stem a current of three miles an hour against them, when they might have a current in their favour of two miles an hour.—New York JournaL COMMERCIAL BANK Or ENGLAND.—The directors appointed to wind up the affairs of the Commercial Bank of England announce a further return of three shillings per share to those shareholders who have paid the call. DRUMMING OUT OF THE REGIMENT.—One of those military spectacles took place yesterday, in Woolwich garrison, towards a man named Graham, belonging to the Royal Regiment of Artillery, and, much to the honour of the service, are now of very rare occurrence since the abolition of corporal punishment, so degrading to the character of a soldier and the good of the public service. At the hour of seven o'clock in the morning the troops mustered on the garrison parade. The culprit was brought out under an escort, and the commanding officer read,the sentence of the court-martial on the pri soner for robbing a comrado of 4s. 6d., to be drummed out of the regiment as a thief, and further to be impri soned forty days in the military prison at Fort Clarence, Chatham. The prisoner had the facings of his coat cut off by the drum-major, and stamped on as a mark of infamy. The drummer's then played the " Rogue's March" to the limits of the barrack field, and the pri soner was then removed to gaol, to undergo the remain der of his sentence. MB EcLiPsE.— The meteorological observations made at the CambriJge Observatory during the eclipse on the 9th of October have been published, as follows: —" The changes in the barometer and hygrometer were very small, but sufficiently considerable to show them to have been in some measure affected by the phenomenon. The observations were taken at ;intervals from 10 to 15 minutes. At 6h. Om. the barometer read 29,933 in., and until the commencement of the eclipse showed an inclination to fall. At the time of the greatest obscura tion, it remained stationary, and immediately after it ' continued to ascend; finally at Bh. 45m., it read 29,963 in., having thus ascended 0,030 in. in 2h. 45m. With three common thermometers, one with the bulb black ened and exposed to the sun's light, another with plain bulb in same position, and the third in the shade, the readings were plainly affected, though to a small amount, remaining mostly stationary as the sun became obscured, and varying rapidly as the phenomenon passed off. With hygrometers exposed to the sun's light, and in the shade, the differences vi ere very uniform, follow ing the same range as the common thermometers. Owing to the moisture in the atmosphere, the wet and dry bulb readings were nearly the same. the differences being at commencement of eclipse—Wet below dry, 0 5 deg. ; at greatest obscuration, 0,4 deg. ; and at ter, mination, 1,0 deg." THE METROPOLITAN DEBTORS' PRlSON.—Within the last few days some new regulations have been enforced in Whitecross-street Prison, respecting the classification and diet of prisoners. Similar regulations are in operation in Horsemonger-lane Gaol, but as to the Queen's Prison the rules are less stringent in their character. The alterations have been considered neces sary by the Secretary of State, in order to punish parties who disregard the interests of others by their mode of getting into debt. In the Queen's Prison there are three classes—poor prisoners, the prisoners who keep themselves, and remanded prisoners. In llorse monger-lane Gaol the prisoners for debt are classified, and the remanded debtors are kept on the prison allowance. In Whitecross-street Prison the new regu lations have just been adopted. The Poultry ward, on the London side, formerly the last ward, is now con verted into a remand ward, to which place all persons, after a remand or committal for forty days, are sent and kept on the gaol allowance ; their friends are only per mitted to visit them once a week. Persons who, before Monday last, were remanded, have not been classified, but with regard to subsequent cases the new regulations will be strictly enforced. There are about 180 prisoners in the Queen's Prison, 40 in Horsemonger-lane Gaol, and 130 in Whitecross-street Prison. Formerly, as many as are now confined in the three metropolitan pri sons for debt were detained in one gaol. CLERKENWELL PRISON.—On Saturday the in ternal arrangements at this prison, now called the Mid dlesex House of Detention, was completed, and the workmen entirely cleared off the premises, it is there fore expected the commitments will commence this ,day, the 18th inst. DEATII OF A YOUNG GENTLEMAN FROM PRUSSIC Acm.—A very painful sensation has been created in the immediate vicinity of Singleton-street, Hoxton New Town, in consequence of the following shocking occur rence. It appears from the information furnished to Mr. Waller, the coroner's officer, that a young gentleman, named 'William Rawlingson, has resided for some time past at No. 44 in the before-named street. Of late a decided change has taken place in his conduct, and it was the general opinion that he was labouring under some species of monomania, but he was always consi dered to be perfectly harmless. On Sunday, however, he was discovered in that state which at once convinced the inmates of the house that he was labouring under the effects of some powerful poison. A neighbouring surgeon was sent for, and one promptly attended, but not in time to be of any assistance, for the vital spark had fled. The surgeon, upon making an examination, discovered unmistakeable evidences of death having re sulted from taking prussic acid. The deceased was only in his seventeenth year, and belonged to a highly re spectable DEATH OF LADY CHARLES PAULET.—The above estimable lady died on the 6th inst., at the baths of Borneo, Lombardy, after a short illness. Her ladyship, who was third daughter of the late Sir John Ramsden, Bart., married, 18th August, 1831, the Rev. Lord Chas. Paulet, prebendary of Salisbury, by whom she leaves a youthful family. DEATH OF MAJOR-GENERAL PHILIP RAY.—Within the last week it has fallen to our duty to announct )' the decease of three gallant field officers, all of wl'orinotice died have attained advanced ages. llrehae ff the dissolution of the Major-General P. lot now l aky to , Rho onTohtur7sl years.day last, at T hEeldgoallialnotuse, deceasedS of the ' ripe age ' entered the h F a ulfs-pay. Guards up March, ti 2 w army in 1 796 and l servedhen he n the sco retired onts. 4tAot ason, The med, of lderS now, eatre ( hid' ,gant way, re of ound ,hich )rder Cower Mind, the the bal d is and rnice ting up r as d is olian rich ►n s_ -,