The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1833-11-22 00:00:00

• EPITOME OF POLAR EXPEDITIONS. Prepared expressly fur ti►e Liverpool Standard.) We now attempt a brief survey of the daring enterprises and the perilous and perservering efforts of our early navigators in the frozen regions of the north. The flourishing commerce of Spain and Portugal . in the India seas, stimulated the merchants of Eng.and to a participation in that great source of wealth, by the discovery of a passage that would shorten the voyage to India and China, to less than half the distance of that round the Cape of Good Hope, or Cape Horn. - As the unabated zeal, and the extraordinary perseverance which actuated the promoters of these early voyages of discovery, were kept alive by the prevailing opinion that the north-west passage had actually been made by the Spaniards and Portu guese, and particularly by a Greek pilot of the name of Juan de Fuca, it may be right that we should briefly examine the shallow pretensions of these discoverers, before we proceed to the really erlicieut expeditions confided to British seamen, valour, and enterprise. In the year 15W, the passage round America was supposed -to have• been made by Caspar de Cortereal, a Portuguese of some rank. Coasting to the northward, and opening out a wide passage (uow called Hudson's Strait), he concluded he had discovered the so much desired passage. With out exploring this entrance, he hastened back to Portugal to communicate the agreeable intelligence, and was s!ut the following year to complete the discovery, but was never heard of more; and his brother, Michael de Curtereal, who afterwards went in search of him, shared the same fate. In 1525, Estovan Gomez attempted to enter Hudson's Bay, in search of aN. W. passage. He reached only the coast 01 Newfundland, in the fiftieth parallel of latitude, and carried off some of the natives. Being asked in the course of his voyage home what he had brought, lie answered "ssclaros," which the inquirer mistaking for dam:, or cloves, concluded that Gomez had discovered the N.W. _passage to the Moluccas, "and so posted to the court," says Parchase, "to carry the first news of this spicy discovery." 'Of this voyage, the jest seems the chief, if not the only record ! Laurent Ferrer Maldonado was supposed to have passed, in 1588, " from the coast of Labrador to the great ocean," upon the doubtful authority of a manuscript of the voyage—"being the relation of the discovery of the strait of Amen, made by the author in 1588"—alleged by Nicolas Antonio, in his - Bibli ozhera hispana, to have been seen in the hands of Mascarenas, bishop of Segovia. 'Without, however, detaining our readers by a detail of the proofs by which this pretended voyage of Mal donado may be shown to be an imposture, it may be sufficient to state, that it is generally considered as destitute of " veracity and authenticity;" iu tact, a mere fabrication. The old Greek pilot seems to have been the only real disco verer of the lot. In 1599, he entered a strait between 47. and 48. of latitude, and Baited above twenty days in a broad sea; but opposed by savages, clothed in skins, he returned to Aca pulco. The strait, the sea, and the savages were recognised by .vied.res and others, in the very spot pointed out by the old Greek pilot, to whom modern geographers have rendered tardy justice, by assigning to the strait he discovered the name of June de Fuca. We owe, perhaps, to the "resolute, gallant, glorious attempts" (as Purchase terms them;) of our early navigators, nyuch of the rapid growth of our infant navy. Henry VII. caused the great Harry to he built at the expence of .E.i5,000, an enormous sum in those days. He engaged the Cabots of Venice in the discovery of Newfoundland ; and it was accident only that prevented him (emu employing Columbus. But the spirit of discovery died away, and revived only in full vigour after receiving the foster ing hand of Elizabeth, whose lung and flourishing protection of it has been exceeded only by that of Geo. 111. and his royal succes.rois. It was in her glorious reign that the first English man undertook the discovery of aN. W._passage to China. Mr. (atterwards Sir Martin) Frobisher left England in July, 1576, with two small vessels and a pinuance, the largest only 25 tons ; and proceeded to the entrance of a supposed strait, in latitude 63 16 N. Ile returned to Harwich on the 2d October, bringing back from an island on the coast of Greenland, "one of the sal vages," and some stones which " glistened with a bright marquis set of gold." In 1577, Frobisher anchored on the west coast of Greenland, unere one of his people found the horn of a sea unicorn. They also caught two women, one of whom was so ugly that the sailors suspected her to be the devil, and stripped off her skin boot to see if she had a cloven foot. Queen Elizabeth, it seems, was so much satisfied with the report of this voyage, that Frobisher was sent out a third time, in 1578, to take ossession of Gleen l.tad, with fifteen ships and 120 settlers; but the ice opposing their passage through the strait, and the season being far au vanced, they contented themselves with taking on board a large quantity of the " glistering" stones, and returned to England. The unfavourable result of I , robisher's third expedition, seemes for a while to have cast a damp on the spirit of enter prise in this quarter; which, however, was revived in 1585, when some noblemen and gentlemen formed an association for effecting the discovery of the N.W. passage. John Davis, of Sundridge, in Devonshire, was engaged to conduct the expedition. He left England with two ships, and, on the 20th July, passed the south point of Greenland, and making land on the tith August, in lat. t:d 40 N., he gave to a high mountain, " glittering like gold," the name of ' Mount Ruleigh." He proceeded up Cumberland Strait (of modern charts) about 60 leagues, where adverse winds and tides obliged him to return. In 1586 Davis was again sent, with four ships, but made no discoveries of importance, and reached not beyond his former latitude. In 1581 (his third voyage) he was more successful, having proceeded along the west coast of Greenland to the lati tude of 72 deg. 12 min. N. He then steered westwardly to wards the continent of America; but being opposed by fields and mountains of ice, which alarmed his people, he coasted to the southward, along the same land he has discovered on his first voyage, and returned. Ile says, " I have been in 73 de grees, finding the sea all open, the passage most probable, the execution easy." The failure of Davis, however, nut an end to any further attempt in that century; and, in 1591, Sir James Lancaster was sent with five ships, .by the usual but circuitous route of the Cape of Good Hope. In a postcript in one of his letters, it is stated, "The passage to the Indies i s in th e N.W. of America, in 62 deg. 39 min. N." This once more revived the question ; and in 1602 Captain Wayinouth left England, with two fly boats, in search of the N.W. passage. He succeeded in reach ing the latitude of 63 deg. 55 min. N., on the coast of America; but here his crew mutinied, which obliged him to return to England. . . . lu 1006 and 1607, Knight and Hall lost theirlives in a scuffle with the natives, before they had made any discovery of im portance. _ _ _ Notwithstanding all these failures, a society of merchants still persevered in the attetopt to discover a northern route to India and China. They engaged for this purpose Captain Henry Hudsou, a wan of approved great experience and daring int~epul.ty. He left England in 1607, but instead of entering any of the straits, he stood direct.y for the east coast of Greenland, which he made in let. 73, and named tile point Hold-wiih-Hope. The weather continued mild and even warm, till he reached the let. of 78; the sea open, with much drift-wood. In lat. 80 A N., he sent his boat on shore with the mate and boatswain, who quenched their thirst, the weather being hot, at two excellent streams of fresh water. He still advanced to the northwatd as high as lat. 82 N., when, falling in with mountains and fields of ice, he returned home, and arrived at Gravesend on the lait September. The following year he made a second voyage, to attempt a passage between Spitzbergen and Nova Zambia, few particulars of which were made public. The third, and, to Jinn, the last and fatal voyage, was undertaken in 16W. Hav ing passed the Strait, which now bears his name, and doubted tile westernmost,capes of Labrador, which he named Wolsten holme and Digges, he stood to the southward down the great bay which bears his acme, and entered a harbour which they called aLchaelrnas, where it was Hudson's intention to have passed the winter; but an accident prevented hint, and he stood down to the lowest bight of the bay. Here the chief employ of his cvew was to procure provisions, with which they appear to have been scantily supplied in the ship; but they killed above one hundred dozen of partridges, as white as milk; and in the spring, when these left them, "came birds of divers sorts, as swannes, geese, duck, and teale." White thus employed, a mutiny was stirred up amongst them by one Greene, a person whom Hudson had taken ou board out of charity, and treated as his own child. The mutineers forced Hudson and his son and seven others into the boat, amidst fields of ice, with a scanty supply of pro visions—she was never heard of more, and all that were in her must have miserably perished. Divine justice, however, found executioners even in this region--Greene and another of the principal mutineers were killed by the natives of Digges Island, at the mouth of Hudson's Bay. The remainder of the crew made the best of their way homewards, being reduced to the greatest distress. living chiefly on seaweeds, fried with candle ends, and the skins and feathers of the fowls they had eaten. (To be continued.) REGISTERS OF FLEET MARRIAGES. The state of our marriage law antecedent to the act of 1753, (2-i George 11., c. al, ) and the infamous system of legal prosti tution which that act extinguished, are sufficiently notorious. From the novels of Fielding end Smoliett, and the scarcely more faithful details given in the periodical publications of the day, we become tolerably familiar with the doings of the Fleet and King's Bench parsons, hackney and sham, with their ta vern-chapels, where the clocks never went beyond the canoni cal hour; where contract's of convenience might be made and unmade in a trice, and where children could be le,, , ititnated at half an hour's notice, and for a few shillings, without troubling Parliament i.bout the matter : all these things are pretty well known. Few persons, however, are acquainted with the fact that registers (such as they are) of these marriages exist; that a large collection, purchased by government, are deposited in the registry of the Consistory Court of London, and some still re►nain in private hands. Mr. John Southerden Burn, to whom the public are already indebted for a carious history of parish registers, has directed his researches into this devious path of reading, and from an examination of these extraordinary do cuments, as well as the parsons' " pocket-books," as they were termed, and from a varlet) of historical and antiquarian records, has compiled an amusing as well as a useful little work, com prising the history of Fleet marriages, the parsons and mar riage-house-keepers, and of the May-fair, Mint, and Savoy chapels, with extracts from the-registers. The earliest Fleet register in the London Registry is dated in 167-1; but there is evidence of a Fleet marriage in 1613, amongst the Lansdowne manuscripts. With a single excep tion all the Fleet registers commence about the period of the order of the ecclesiastical commissioners against clandestine marriages, in 168&, which checked the celebration of such mar riages at Duke's-place and Trinity Minories, when it was taken up by certain real and pretended clergymen in and about the prisons, not. however; on account of any real privilege or 'ex emption attaching to these prisons, but because the parsons, being generally prisoners, had nothing to lose by the ecclesias tical proceedings against them. The infamous character of these men, their employers, plyers, and bullies, and the class of people who usually resorted to their aid, (some were people of rank,) are pretty plainly developed in the entries, comments, and memoranda contained in the registers. The parsons took the fees, allowing a . portion to the plyers. &v. ; and the tavern-keepers, besides sharing in the fees, • derived a profit from the sale of liquors drank at the wedding. In some instances, tn,v kept a parson on their establishment at a weekiv salary of lis. The fee, of course, varied in amount; the parsons got as much, and the parties (generally.) paid as little as they could. ss. or 6s. seems to have been about the ordinary fee; and a memorandum by Parson Ashwell, de scribed as " a most notorious moue and impostor," who flourish ed between 1731 and 1743, shows the mode of division : " the turnkey had ls. ; Boyce Is., elk.; ye plyer, Is.; and I had 3s. Bd." Parson Wyatt, who " had a great deal of business in i this way," has left a memorandum in one of his pocket-hooks, whence it appears that, in the month of October, 1748. mar riages were celebrated by him every day, et home and abroad, and his total receipts for that mouth imounted to £57 12s. 9d. life same parson, in another pocket-book, candidly confesses that he exterted money from silly and unwary people, "by i lying, bullying, and swearing." It appears from some of the i authoriti-s cited by Mr. Burn. titat these " clergymen" were in the habit of " boxing" the bridegrooms who were not over ready to comply with their demands. On the other hand, they were in turn ("a app-rnars by their memoranda) served in the same way. heinz occasionally beaten, and sometimes forced to l 1 refund tie fee. One of the notes shows the cunning mode in which they were revenged:. " N.B.—Some material part (of ' the ceremony) was omitted." The Grub-street Journal of January, 11735, contains a. de scription of the manner in which persons were sometimes mar tied in spite.of themselves, " by a set of drunken swearing par sons, with their myrmidons, that wear black coats, and pretend to be clerks and registers to the Fleet, and who ply about 'Ludgate- • hill, phlling and forcing . people to some peddling ale house or brandy-shop to be married, even on a Sunday, stop ping them as they go to church, and almost tearing their clothes off their backs." The indecency of these practices, and the facility they afford ed for accomplishing forced and fraudulent marriages, were not the only evils attending the state of the law. Marriages could be antedated, without limit, on payment of a fee, or not entered at all. Parties could be married without declaring their names. It was a common practice for women to hire temporary hus bands, at the Fleet, in order that they might be able to plead coverture to an action for debt, or to produce a certificate in case of their being encientl. These hired husbands were provided by the parson for .ss. each; sometimes they were women. The hopefut condition of the brides was often so apparent to the parson (when not a.blind parson, or not too drunk to see it), that he noted the fact in his entry. For example:—" After marr : I perceived it to be a hired job. He a thin-Jaw'd mean looking fellow, Irish or scotch; she gravida and very gent." Procrastination was sometimes carried too far. A case is men tioned (p. 61) in which the bride was delivered during the cere mony, leaving the legitimacy of the child a very nice question. It appears, moreover; that for half-a-guinea a marriage might be registered and certified that never took place at all, even in form! The marriage at the Fleet of the Hon. Henry Fox, son of the first Lord Holland, :to the daughter of the Duke of Rich mond, in 1744, and the increase of these irregular practices, led to the introduction of the Marriage Act, which, strange to say, passed with great difcul►y, and which Blackstone, with an obliquity of judgment not unfrequent with common lawyers, seems to condemn as an "innovation upon our ancient law and constitutii.n." Mr. Burn has given a ve4 particular account of this important enactment. The interval between the passing of the bill and its coming into operation, 'afforded a rich final harvest to the parsons of the Fleet and May-fair. At the Fleet, it appears, from one register book alone, that on the 25th March, 1754, the day previous to the act taking effect, there were no less than 217 marriages. Clandestine marriages continued, however, at the Savoy till 1756, when the transportation of a minister and his curate, under the act, put an effectual stop to them. The surviving registers may probably supply some valuable evidence as to marriages not recorded in the regular i egistries, and Mr. Burn has published the names of a variety of parties, (some people of rank) who found it convenient, for some rea son, to avail themselves of the services of the Fleet parsons. The appendix to the work contains a draught bill for amend ing the law of parochial registration. LONDON GAZETTE.-TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 19 INSOLVENTS.., Nov. 18.—Charles Fterhert Gillham, Strand. victualler, Alexander Gibson. High-street, Whitechapel, grocer. BANKRUPTS. GPOT , 'P Stokes, Liverpool, school-master, Dec. 3, 31, at 1 o'clock, at the Clarendon-rooms, Liverpool. Solicitor, Mr. Towne, Broad street-buildings. James and John Cotter, Tnxteth-park, Lancashire, joiners, Dec. 12. 31, at 1 o'clock, at the Clarendon-rooms. Liverpool. Solicitor, Mr. Nicholson, Raymond-buildings, Gray's-inn. James Flude, Mincing-lane, wine-merchant. Robert Johnston, Wapping-street, victualler. Henry Robert Plaw, Modiford-court, Fenchurch-street, merchant. William Huckel, Duke-street, Westminster, lodging-house-keeper. Margaret and John Bristow, Commercial-road, Stepney, engine makers. Be am Watlocic, Walcot, Somersetshire, lozenge-maker. William Ratcliffe, Whitfield, near Glossop, Derbyshire, cotton . spinner. William Sidebotham, Houghton, Lancashire, cotton-spinner. Robert Kew, Norwich, jeweller. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. • • W. Jopson and Co., Liverpool, distillers of turpentine. J. R. Hobbs and J. Richards, Coade's-row, Lambeth, pawnbrokers.—T. Richardson, T. Harris, J. Taylor, Stockton, Durham, and Middles brough, Yorkshire, coal-proprietors ; as far as regards T. Richardson. —J. Phillips and J. Mee, NOttingham, manufacturers of patent bri dles.—M. Longridge and J. M'Lellan, West and East Sleekburn, Dur ham, farmers.—J. Brierlev and Co., Stand and Manchester, gingham manufacturers.—Barifer, Ayddall, and Co., Manchester, silk-manufae turers.—Gething and Jones, Swansea, Glamorganshire, chain-cable manufacturers.—Elkin, Knight, and Bridgwood, Stoke-upon-Trent, Staffordshire, manufacturers of earthenware. —Whittuek and Bur roughs, Bristol, attornies-at-law.—Turner and Farnell, Birmingham, haberdashers.—J. W. and W. Knowles, Wilsden, Yorkshire, cotton spinnera.—G. and T. Withers, Newark-upon-Trent , nurserymen.—J„ E. E. N., and G. Kidd, Horsham, Sussex, grocers.—Bourne, Faker, and Bourne, Fenton, Staffordshire, manufacturers . of china.—ll. Savory and Co., Billingsgate.—J. Vipont and Co., Semen with Tentergate, near Knaresborough, Yorkshire, flax-spinners. Stephenson and Gardner, Kingston-upon-Hull, drapers.—Neville, Bedford, and Lord, Birmingham, merchants; as far as regards C. C. Neville.—Pri c e an d Wakeling. St. John-square, Clerkenwell, attornies.—Rieliardson and Harris, Upper Thames-street, wholesale-grocers.—Baker and Co., Farringdon-street and Farring,don-market, potato-salesmen. —lsaac and White, Charlotte-street, Rathbone-place, Oxford-street, musi cal-instrument-makers. DIVIDENDS. . Dec. 14, T. Marris and R. Nicholson, Barton-upon-Humber and Glamford Briggs, Lincolnshire, bankers.—Dec. 10, R. Thomson and T. D. Mildred, Sun-court, Cornhill, merchants.—Dec. 14, J. Strang man. jun., Queen-street, Cheapside, flour-factor.—Dec. 12, J. and A. Morgan, and W. P. Paton, Sun-Court, Cornhill, and Singapore and Batavia, merchants.—Dec. 10, W. G. Clover, Holborn. linen-draper. Dec. 11, J. Quarterman, Wanstead,.Essex, coach-builder.—Dec. 12, J. I. Winstanley, Holborn-hill, and Cranborne-street, Leicester square, hosier.—Dec. 12, C. L. Spitta, F. and G. Moiling, and 11. A. Spitta, Laurence Pountney-lane, merchants.—Dec. 18, W. Butt, Sheerness. Kent, linen-draper.—Dee. 10, C. Thorogood, New Church street, Lisson-grove, victualler.—Dec. 10, G. Carr, jun., Friday-street, Staffordshire-warehluiseman.— Dec. 10. H. French, Whitechapel, glass-cutter.—Dec. 11, J. Zimmer, Welbeck-street, Cavendish-square, merchant.—Dec. 12, G. Duckworth, Fleet-street, printer.—Dee. 13, H. Cooper, Upper Clapton, paper-manufacturer.—Dec. 11, G. Mole, Bread-street-hill, merchant.—Dec. 10, R. Songhurst, Budge-row, Watling-street, box-case-maker.—Dee. 11, C. Welman, Bridport, Dorsetshire, linen-draper.—Dec. 10, J. and 1. Beckett, Bilston, Staf fordshire. t;rocers.—Doe. 20, J. Wilkinson, Sheffield-park, Yorkshire, coal-m•-rehant.—Dee. 19, T. Wilgos, J. Dearden, and G. Hovland, Sheffield, tile-manufacturers.—Dec. 11, W. Dawson, Yeadon, 'York shire, grocer.—Dec. 11, L Lewis, Newton-moor, Cheshire, cotton spinner.—Dec. 18, R. Newhouse, Huddersfield, plumber.—Dec. 17, T. Dean, Manchester. publican.—Dec. 12, C. R. R. Wclby, Leicester, banker. CERTIFICATES, DEC. 10. J. Drew, Manchester. anctioneer.—W. Ashwin, Redditch, Worces tershire, grocer.—J. Muirboad, Buxton, Derbyshire, innkeeper.— N. Temperley, Villa-place. Northumberland, ship-owner.—J. ICorff, Kirtley, Suffolk, ship.builder.,-J. Brodrick. Pivirnouth, rasuroh s..tk W. T. Pinwill. Exeter, linen-draper.—C. 11. Byrne Liverpool, sail maker.—J. Dean, Liverpool, tailor.—W. Baxter, Oxford, printer. It is asserted that Earl Talbot has at length purchased the Tixal estate by private contract, for a sum little short of £320,000. • A QUA LIFICATION.-A merchant lately advertising for a clerk " who could bear confinement," received an answer from one who had been seven years in goal! - Sir William Blizard, at the age of nearly 100 years, has tendered his resignation as surgeon of the Loudon Hospital. The members of the University of Oxford are beginninu to look about for a successor to Lord Grenville in the chancellor ship of that university. Various persons have Leen named, including the Dukes of Beaufort and Wellington. the Arch bishop of Canterbury, Lords Eldon, Sidntouth, and Carlisle. PLATINA.—This metal is, as is well known, generally found in Siberia and South America, in the state of small grain,; though some considerable masses of it have been met with in the former of those countries. In the Nishneiragiiskish works, be longing to the Deoridow family, four molten lumps, for in s t ance, weighing ten, nineteen, nineteen and a had, and thirteen pounds, were discovered at different times. The smallest of these is at present preserved in the Mi ne ralogical Muse um o f the Mining Institute at St. Petersburgh ; the others, i n t h e private collection of the liemidows in the same capital. Mr. Stanley is about to pay his noble relatives in the north another visit. The right honourable Secretary wiltleave Carlton gardens on Friday next, (this day,) for Knowsley. the seat of the Earl of Derby, and Latham, the residence ~f Lord Skel mersdale (his father-in-law.) The new Under-Secretary for the Colonial Department, Mr. Shaw Lefevre, Jun., app oin t e d by Mr. Stanley. on the resignation of N iscount Howick, will perform, in catjunction with Mr. Hay, the other Under-Secre tary, all the routine duties of the right honourable gentleman during his absence. The few cedars remaining on Mount Lebanon, (about 200,) 20 of which are very large, are preserved with a religious. strict ness. On the day of the transfiguration the patriarch repairs in procession to the Mount, and celebrates the " Feast of Cedars." The conservative club has taken possession of the whole of the space so long vacant on the south side of Pall-mall, and the necessary excavations for their new mansion are already commenced. The terms upon which they helve taken this ground of the public have not yet transpired. One of the most cruel deaths on record is that of Sir Thomas Blount, of Belton, who had engaged with his kinsman Nicholas in the attempt to restore Richard 11, to the throne in the ,'ear 1-1(0. He was hanged, says Burke in his "History of the Commoners of England;" but the halter was soon cut, and he was made to sit on a bench before a great fire, and the execu tioner came with a razor in his hand, and knelt before Sir '1 homes, whose hands were tied, begging him to pardon his death, as he must do his office. Sir Thomas asked, "Are you the pers,,n appointed 'to deliver me from this world ?" The executioner answered, "Yes, sir; I pray you will pardon me;" and Sir Thomas kissed and pardoned him his death. The exe cutioner then knelt down and opened his belly, cut out his bowels, and threw them into the fire. While Sir Thomas was dying, one Erpvngham, the King's chamberlain, insulting Blount, said to him in derision, "Go seek a master who can cure you." Blount golly . answered...." 7'e Daum lasaansite Blessed be the day on which I was born, and blessed be this day, for I shall die inlhe service of my sovereign lord the noble King Richard." His head wai soon after cut off, and he was quartered. - IMPUDENCE" NINE-TENTHS OF TIDE LAW, A. D. Ism !—A curious incident occurred a few tlaYs ago, in the cuisine of the * • • • * Hotel. Whiist considerable preparations were in progress in anticipation of a large dinner, which was fixed to take place on that day. an unknown person deliberately walked into the kitchen, and was observed to notice very closely the proceedings of the head cook and his assistants. At first, the Intruder was gazed at with that species of h a p p y nonchalance and immoveable disposition with which the coun try squire, sitting by his fire-side after dinner, enjoying his port wine and to-sting " Success to old England," views on a sudden. with feelings of half anger, half commiseration, the diminutive mouse—fearful and agitated---cross the threshhold of his floor. After surveying with somewhat pertinacious in quisitiveness the operations which were then going on, he ven tured with the utmost sang froid (making use, it is said, only of his eyes.) to enter the larder, wherein was stored a grand display of game of al , descriptions, butcher's meat in abundance, and a va riety of other supplies, which, forthe sake of brevity, we will term "desirables." Curiosity at teat, however, began t 7 rouse from its slumber ; and the head cook, whose duty it was to protect the property committed to his care, thought it would be well to keep a close eye on the proceedings of the individual in ques tion. Amongst other occupations, the intruder had discernment sufficient to perceive, that turtle soup was one of the objects engaging the skill and attention of the maitre-de-citi.sine. At length silence was broken, and, almost in one breath, these questions were addressed to the head conk. "Pray where do von pun hale your turtle? Is it caught in the river Mer sey ? And how much do you pay for it ?" Nettled and annoyed at the ignorance that could dictat e a nd the imper tinence that could ask such questions, from an utter stranger too, the cook indignantly refused at first to reply; but, on taking a s e con d g l ance at the inquirer, and - believing his intellect to- he disturbed, he merely retaliated by asking, whether he had net observed boys on the steps of the Prince's Pierhead, and at low water, on' the banks cf tie river, with a large bait, attached to a iere of cord, endeavouring to catch tnrtle ? The stringer - made no reply, but immediately inserted the information in a sort of memorandum book. The cook, however, had no time to idle, and thought it most advisable to ask his visitor who he was, and what he wanted ? Thrice were these questions put without eliciting a reply; but .judgenf the surprise and consternation created, when the stranger bristled up his back, and, regarding the head cook with a scorn- Ail and haughty mien, exclaimed, "Don't 'you know me ? I am the commisioners' cook!" FRIDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 22, 1833. The affairs of Don PEDRO are rather gloomy at present, and the Regency stock is tumbling down, amid the con sternation of the Jews, gamblers, swindlers, or other equally worthy persons of the Stock Exchange. The Miguelites, contrary to all expectation, seem to be in considerable strength in the neighbourhood of St. Übes, having attacked the Pedroites to the number of 1,500 men, most of whom have been killed or wounded. This intelligence, which is a striking contrast to that which generally emanates from the camp of Pedro, may be re lied upon. It is contained in a letter, written by an Eng lishman of the name of BIRT, who calls himself a captain of marines; but he is evidently a cockney, and very pro bably a man milliner. This "captain of marines" writes to Captain NAPIER, whom he styles " my lord," as fol lows : LETTER FROM CAPTAIN GIRT TO ADMIRAL NAPIER. " St. Übes, Nov. 3. "My Lord,—l beg to inform you that the enemy attacked our position at Alcacer on the morning of the 2d instant, in three columns, consisting of infantry and cavalry, to the num ber of 1500, under the command of General Lemos. The English and Portuguese marines under my command were sta tioned in front of the Constitutional troops as skirmishers, and kept the enemy at bay till the cavalry charged them in three squadrons, when we immediately formed into squares, and twice repulsed them with great loss. We then prepared to charge a column of infantry who were advancing, but the Portuguese volunteers and 9th infantry, who were stationed in our rear, see ing the determined manner in which we were attacked, betook themselves to rapid flight without firing a shot, leaving my men with some of the Portuguese rharines to do the best we could, when, finding ourselves overpowered by numbers, we com menced our retreat, keeping the enemy at bay, and covering the flight of the Portuguese. I tried to persuade the Colonel commanding our troops (who asked my opinion) to retire to a convent, a strong position on our right, at which place we might have made a good stand ; instead of doing this, he led to the marshes beside the river, and here the scene was beyond description ; the whole country was strewed with arms and ac coutrements, which the volunteers threw away in their flight, and the enemy's cavalry closing on them, hewed them down in all directions. I kept my men together, and made good my retreat to the side of the river, with the loss of only three men; but on coming to the river, for want of boats (the Portuguese troops having taken all) the men were obliged to throw away their arms and accoutreniente, and swim acmes under a heavy fire of musketry from the enemy, who lined the north bank in this place. lam sorry to say my loss was great, in consequence, I fear, of some of the officers and men breaking off to the right, and attempting to pass the river lower down. They were all cut off. My loss consists of Mr. Ebsworth, taken prisoner; Mi. Fitzpatrick, drowned in crossing the river; four non-commis sioned officers and thirty men killed and taken prisoners. I assure your Excellency I cannot speak too highly of the gallant conduct of my officers and men. "The Colonel commanding lest all self-command, and gave himself up to the enemy, and a great number of the volunteers, when they found themselves surrounded, passed over to the enemy, crying ' Viva Don Miguel.' The loss of the Portu guese in killed, wounded, and taken prisoners could not be less than 800 men. " The remainder of my men and officers are now on board the Donna Maria, where I wait your excellency's orders. " I have the honour to be your excellency's most obedient humble servant, DIRT, Captain of Marines. " St. Übes; Nov. 4." By the Packet ships, Britannia, Captain SKETCISLEY, and Carroll of Carrollton, Captain BIRD, which arrived late on Tuesday, we have received files of American pa pers to the 2d instant. They do not contain any political news of moment. The latest arrivals from Mexico, ex tend to the 29th September, received by the Express at New Orleans ; the contending parties were less active than they had been, but little prospect existed of early tranquillity for the country. The following extract from one of the latest New York papers is the only news worth giving : "Nrw ORLEANS, Oct. 12.—FRom AlExtco.—By the Express, Capt. Bailey, from Vera Cruz, gazettes or letters have been received to tl.e 29th ult. A letter of latest date (the 29th) de clares that they are without intelligence from the interior, and that things seemed stationary. Cholera had disappeared from Vera Cruz. " Colonel Escalada was under trial. He is author of the re volutionary iroject of an arbitrary government, on which the rebels acted. "A serjeant hae pursued a deserter into the church of La Marced, in Mexico, attacked, stabbed, and let him for dead, near the foot of the grand altar ; an act which had called forth the exertions of the Minister of Justice and Church affairs, Don Quintana Roo, to punish the sacrilege. "One Alford had hanged himself in prison at Vera Cruz, with his own handkerchief. He had been put in prison for intro ducing false coin (quartillas) in the ship Robert Wilson. "Tt looks to es as a had presage that Arista and Duran were Mltifying theniselves in Guanajuato. According to Mexico dates of the 17th and Dth of September, Arista directed the administration of affairs in the state, as a dictator. Santa Anna was at Quaretero, inactive. "Gen. Gomez entered the city of Orizaba on the 21st Sept. with a handsome division and piece of ordnance, in pursuit of the rebels, who had retreated." The National Intelligencer gives accounts in various numbers of dissensions of rather a serious nature in the territory of Alabama, arising out of some transactions connected with the Indians of the Creek nation. The writer of the following remark, taken from a New Orleans paper, is a logician of the matter-of-fact school, with whom debate would be supererogatory. " Fao M Naw ORLEANS.—We yesterday received the papers of the 1-1:h and 15th instant. On the subject of the health of New Orleans, we find, in one of the papers, this remark : " 'lt will be perceived from the list of interments that the epidemic has not decreased within the present month, and we fear that It would be as bad a s It has ever been, but for the want of subjects. We must again caution our absent friends to be cautious in venturing into the city too early. Strangers and unacelimated persons will certainly run a great risk in venturing into town before frost.' " "The interments on the 13th, 12; and on the 14th, 21. Total since the commencement of the yellow fever, 1259." AUGUSTA, OUT. 2-I.—The tops of houses yesterday morning were white with frost—its first appearance this season ; and vegetation in exposed situations has suffered very visibly. Our Irish contemporaries, and some of our best allies on this side of the channel, have expressed their astonish ment and indignation at the conduct of Mr. LITTLETON, in having cOmmanded,poor Lord WELLESLEY to remove Colonel BLACKER from the commission of the peace for the county of Armagh. That they should be indignant is natural enough—that they should be shaken in their confidence in the, government, s equally natural—and that they should feel their loyalty beginning to chill is THE LI VERPOOL STANDARD. also natural; but why astonished is it not part of the system ? Did not they see from the first that this family com pact—an Irish queen going to mass—a viceroy under the subjection of his son-in-law—and that son-in-law forced upon the Whigs by hard necessity, would lead to every sort of insolence, petty malignity, and overbearing ty ranny ? If there had been any thing like generosity in the character of Lord WELLESLEY, which there is not; or any disposition to forget former annoyances or former errors, which we believe is contrary to his nature, still they should have recollected that they had Mr. LITTLE TON to deal with, who has private obligations to fulfil, and expectant, and of course conditional honours to re ceive. Even if Mr. LITTLETON had entered upon the ' government of Ireland uninfluenced by the hope of reward, and unbound by any express or implied cove ; nants, still they should have called to mind who and what Mr. LITTLETON is, and whether in his whole political life they could descry any thing like consistency to take as an index of his principles. Principle! Consistency ! "there is no such thing," as Macbeth exclaimed at the disap pearance of the "air drawn dagger." He has, like a shal lop in the eddy of the tide, danced round to every point ;of the political compass—a sort of Tory to-day—a kind of Whig to-morrow—a mere costermonger in the rear of all parties, having a vote to give for a consideration, and an adverse motion to make if that consideration were refused. Our Dublin contemporaries were remiss in not sharp ening their faculties by means of the singular reminiscen ces of the chief secretary's life. They were led into ambuscade by the tawdry sophisms of Lord WELLESLEY —by a conciliatory demeanour that was intended to de ceive—by the soft dalliance and sweet words of a hag nurse, who admixes arsenic with the children's gruel.— They gave quarter when they should have been armed in proof, and when the convivial cup was full they be lieved in a miracle—namely, the sincerity of the illustrious hero of the " bottle treason." Under other circumstances, they might have placed Some` dependance upon the influence of the CrOwn, and the sense of fear or shame, which would be more or less effective if the administration of Lord GREY were left even the shadow of control. But the appointment of Mr. LITTLETON was forced upon them. They were fairly upon the breakers when the concessions offered to O'CONNELL and the priests compelled Mr. STANLEY to resign. LIT TLETON was the last person they would have dreamt of. He had no official knowledge—no character—no preten sions to talent. He had no avenue to the ear of Lord GREY, except through the peculiar relationship that sub sists between Mr. LITTLETON and Lord 'WELLESLEY. Even with this he was overlooked, until every other more favoured and more trusty adherent had been applied to in vain. The post was pre-arranged for Sir JOHN Hoe- HOUSE; but he lost Westminster, his honours, and his salary, owing to the unpopularity of the ministry. It was next offered to Mr. ABERCROMBIE, who, foreseeing the consequences . , refused to abdicate Edinburgh. Mr. EDW. ELLICE shrunk from a renewed and extremely doubtful contest in Coventry, on the same grounds. POULETT TuomsoN offered ; but he was considered incompetent even by the Whigs, who profess to respect him. One CARTER, of Portsmouth, or some such place, was canvas sed, but he durst not. In short, after much perplexity, LITTLETON was selected; and, knowing well that he owed his good fortune to dire necessity alone, he made his own terms, and took his departure for Ireland, with a viceroy of his own choice, and armed with more power and autho rity than has ever fallen to the lot of any man deputed to preside over the distractions and the treasons of that de graded country. There he is, and if his acts do not immortalize his fa mily we are much mistaken. .We have seldom been mistaken in estimating the value of public men, or in divining the catastrophe to which bad measures un avoidably lead, and we have therefore no hesitation in prognosticating that Mr. LITTLETON, under the auspices, or ruling the fortunes of Lord WELLESLEY, will be a con spicuous and perhaps an exemplary-figure in our history. He has already done that in Ireland, which if lie had done it in England would very speedily 'have quenched his light and made shipwreck of his power. He has not had the courage to make war upon O'CONNELL, peinaps for this onq,good reason, that the Lieutenant de facto and the King de futuro understand each other passing well.— There is not enough of the hated Sassanach's blood in his veins to encounter the descendant of an hundred Irish Kings, the last fifty generations of which have been wreckers and smugglers. The English gentleman, alas for our order ! quails before the holder of a felon's brief and the assassin's advocate, and consents to do abject homage to him who, under the influence of the most ob noxious priesthood in Europe, wrings from the wretched peasant his last penny, and converts into brass the very salt that savours the labourer's meal. It would not do for such a man as the present chief secretary for Ireland to enter the lists with the great agitator and the greatest enemy of Ireland. No; he professes liberalism ; he therefore leans to the side of bigotry and tyranny ; he abjures Protestantism, and takes the side of that faith which is based in oppression, which revels in ignorance, which sets its brand upon free thoughts, and which glories in making its dupes the in struments of its despotic aggrandisements To profess the reformed faith in Ireland—that pure and gospel faith, for professing which Luther was betrayed and murdered— for professing which, our fathers were consigned to the flames—for professing which thousands of Protestant families in Ireland were butchered in cold blood, is now a mark of political ignominy and an apology for every f o ul wrong which the ministers of a Protestant king, bound by oath to defend the Protestant religion, can heap upon a true and loyal subject. Be it so, for the present ! It is a trying period ; but we humbly submit; not disconcerted—not downfallen— not crucified from our alliance—not bating a single hair's breadth of our loyalty—not dismayed either by heartless apostacy, courtly weakness, imbecile concession, or by the terrors or threats of venal and grasping statesmen who are bleeding our suffering country under the mask of ad vancing her interests and consolidating her religious li berties—no ; we bear all this patiently, knowing that the day of reckoning must come, when the outraged precepts and the insulted justice of the English people, slow to anger, but overwhelming as the burning lava when they reconsider their errors, will demand atonement in a voice that must be obeyed. The day of.retribution is not far distant, and therefore vre—carr well - alt'ord to wait its coming, as the shepherd on the hillside waits the dawn. In the mean time, it. is ne cessary to put upon record that Mr. LITTLETON, the Lieu tenant of Ireland, has dismissed Colonel BLACKER from the commission of the peace. No reasons are assigr.ed _this is good ! It is done without reason, therefore are we content. Colonel VERNER, a magistrate in the same county, wrote to know the reasons for removing Colonel BLACKER, and the object of his inquiry was to ascertain the nature of his offence, in order that his bt other magis trates might know how to act—how they were to avoid the supposed errors of Colonel BLACKER-110W they could perform their duty to the Government without giving offence. The answer was an insult. A greater insult could not have been penned by O'CONNELL, or by Priest DOYLE himself. " You are a private individual," says Mr. Secretary LITTLETON, " and I decline giving any information to you." Colonel VERNER next applies to the LORD LIEUTENANT of the county—to my Lord Gos- FORD. " Y o u are," answers this sagacious Whig noble man, " a private individual, and I cannot condescend to acknowledge your right to address me on such a sub ject." ! These are not the exact words, but they contain the marrow of the answers. It is pleasant to observe that Lord WELLESLEY does not appear in this genteel comedy. He is passed over as one not worthy of any considera tion, and like an old dowager asleep in an easy chair after dinner, the conversation goes on in an audible whisper as if it did not signify whether she could hear it or not. Colonel VERNER, of course, took nothing by his motion, and in this uncertainty as to how he should discharge his official duties, resigned his commission as a magistrate. This was perhaps just what Mr. Secretary LITTLETON wanted. To keep a magistrate in perfect igno ranee of the duties which he is expected to perform is the sure way to betray him. Colonel VEaNER saw that as his coadjutor on the bench had sinned against the Govern ment unconsciously, he himself might fail into a similar error, which would, of course, be followed by a similar insult. He took the precaution, therefore, to throw up his commission. We take for granted that there will be no explanation of this transaction until after the meeting of parliament. But then an explanation must be given, and if that have any reference to the protestant predilections of Colonel BLACKER, the deeper will be the insult, and the more perilous the consequences. The protestant population of Ireland is the only portion of that vast population by whom any thing like attachment to England or the reigning family of the House of Brunswick is cherished, and if by the mischievous petulance of Mr. LITTLETON, and those who are about him, these brave and loyal men are soured in their affections, or alienated from their king, we might as well give Ireland up at once. There is no tie which binds it to this country but that of reli gion. Destroy that, and dismemberment will follow as a matter of course. The question in every man's mouth now is, " Will the Whig ministry succeed in shackling the press in Eng land as effectually as the juste milieu ministry of Loins PHILIPPE have done in France? " We say " No !" But before we assign a reason for this answer, let us glance at the state of parties in the respective countries. Old CHARLES Dix was expelled from his dominions because he happened to employ a set of ministers who might have passed for tolerable monks in some secluded place where their hospitality to travel lers would, like charity, have covered a multitude of sins ; but as statesmen or politicians they were the blindest and silliest of mortals. They attacked the press, and confided the enforcement of their ordonnances to an old marshal of BONAPARTE'S, who might have made, at some period of his life, a respectable cook, but who was never formed for a general, although he had acquired some celebrity from having lost Paris on three previous occasions. :'They at tacked the press; the press resisted; the printers barri caded their offices ; the people barricaded the streets ; the women showered down paving-stones on the army of the faithful; the shopkeepers fired upon the troops from garret windows and from behind waggons ; the troops mutinied; MARMONT Was beaten, and in the course of a few days CHARLES the TENTH abdicated and was on his march to England. All this passed in an incredibly short period of time, and at this hour it looks something like a dream. It was an important reality, nevertheless. The republican party, with Father Citizen LAFAYETTE at their head, were once more masters of Paris, and they might, had they been inclined, have re-established their favourite form of government. But they looked back upon the " reign of terror," and smelt blood. They had had a surfeit of gore, and felt no desire to try an experiment which might have had a similarly sanguinary end. They called in Louis PRlLlPPE—dubbed him king—stitched together a sort of charter—extended the political fran chise—annihilated the hereditary peerage—and amid the blaze of tar-barrels and the roar of artillery proclaimed themselves the happiest, freest, proudest, greatest na tion on the face of the earth ! This second revolution, then, was a revolution effected by the press. Louis PHILIPPE was elected "King of the French"—King of the Parisians would have been better --by the newspapers—by their conductors, printers, pub lishers, compositors, pressmen, newsmen, and devils.— But how did Louis PHILIPPE treat these men and instru ments to - whom he is indebted for his throne ? The journals of the last two years can best tell. The liberty of the press was tolerated by both the Bourbon kings of the restora tion. Louis XVIII never resorted to prosecution in matters relating to himself. The censorship was occa sionally resorted to ; but this very censorship was removed by CHARLES X when lie came to the throne. In the case of Louis PHILIPPE, however, the press is more unmerci fully persecuted than it ever was during the whole dy nasty of the old Bourbons. There is hardly a day passes in which some unfortunate editor is not dragged before the tribunals. One journal has been prosecuted newly a hundred times; and one poor man is in prison who, if his several sentences be carried into full effect, is doomed to linger there for fifteen years. About Louis PHILIPPE and his paltry family—about his own personal matters : about his private feelings supposed to be wounded—there have been more prosecutions than would have kept the bar of Paris in good practice, even if there had been no thing else doing in the courts. In short, there is nothing like "liberty of the press" in France under the Citizen King. The censorship would confer more freedom than what exists under the present order of things. Under the censorship every man is safe—no editor is responsible —no damage is sustained. It is unpleasant, we admit, to see leading articles mangled by official scissors—it is gall ing to see an illiterate brute of a police-officer sitting in judgment upon the sentiments and writings of a gentle man—it is disagreeable to see a journal sent forth to the world with one page blank—a type of the intellect of the official tyrant ; but still we have no hesitation in saying, that we should prefer even so odious and degrading a cen sorship as this, rather than live under the present libel laws with such a king as LOUIS PHILIPPE—such an attorney general as M. PERSIL—or such a prime -minister as Lord DURHAM. But is there no remedy ? Yes. The potter who moulded the clay can dash the utensil, the slop-basin, or whatever it may be, to pieces. The press has the power to drag down the puppet which it set up. The men who made Louis PHILIPPE a king can unmake him, toss him into the Seine, or hang him upon a lamp post. But this would bring about another revolution—this would lead to more bankruptcies—and drive away cus tomers from the shops of the badauds of Paris. A revo lution once every five years is often enough. Three of the present reign only have past, and therefore it is but reasonable to wait until the end of the term and abide the events that are fast ripening. About that time, we calculate, that HENRY THE FIFTH, not king of the French, but king of France, will be on the throne of his ancestors. What the juste milieu ministers of France have done and are doing in that country is about to be imitated by the Whigs in England. Lord DURHAM has already com menced four criminal prosecutions against as many news papers. He has availed himself of the most odious and objectionable power conferred by the libel laws,,And has entered the courts, denying the allegations it- is true, but taking at the same time special care that his victims shall be prevented from proving their charges, if capable of proof. He does not enter the court as most men do— as all honourable men should do—and put the truth of the accusations to issue before a jury of his country Men. He does not meet his accuser fearlessly or bid him de fiance. He does not say, " Here am I, JOHN GEORGE LAMBTON, Earl of DURHAM, an injured though an honest man, the victim of foul slander, but being strong in my innocence, I court inquiry, I d es i re to stand before my accuser, and I challenge him to prove his ord s, or be convicted before this upright and intelligent jury." No; Lord DURHAM does no thing of the sort ; he only files an affidavit in the court, swears that the allegations are false, but re sists a justification. This, we are aware, is tender ground, and therefore we must speak by the card. We do not assume that Lord DURHAM swears falsely,—God forbid We do not even assume that the averments could be justified, or that any portion of them is true ; but we contend that, where justification is excluded, the defendant is placed in a most perilous and helpless position. Lord BROUGHAM understands what we mean; he was counsel in the case of Bochsa! It will perhaps be said that the whigs are not responsi ble for Lord DURHAM'S foolish and ill-timed prosecutions. Perhaps not ; but there may be two opinions on the sub ject. It remains to be seen whether these are not sub rosa, or, rather, sub toga state prosecutions. The em• plovment of the Solicitor-General, who is, in point of fact, Attorney-General, is rather suspicious. The over-zeal in grappling with the Standard and the John Bull, who were mere copyists of the offensive matter, is still more suspicious. Simple people are easily imposed upon, and a name goes a great way as a disguise. The W higs NOVEMBER 22, 1833 . understand the trick well, and we shall be most agreeably disappointed to learn that the Government are exonera ted from all share in this crusade against their standing toast, " The liberty of the press." Liberty ! We bate the very name of it, as BURKE once observed. But, en passant, there are some rather singular cir cumstances connected with these extraordinary • if not state, prosecutions which require explanation. How comes it that at the very time when the Solicitor-Gene ral is applying for a rule in the King's Bench on behalf of Lord DURHAM, some of the coal agents, and other creatures of the noble earl, should be found committing a most ruffianly attack upon the proprietor of the New castle Journal ? While Lord DURHAM threatens this gentleman with fine and imprisonment, his agents go more directly to work, and attempt to, maim or murder him. What is the meaning of all this ? Do these peo ple wish to prevent the noble lord from wreaking his vengeance in due form of law ? Is it their object to forestal the peer, and cheat the lawyers ? It is a most mysterious proceeding altogether, the particulars of which, as detailed upon oath, the reader will find in another column. Upon the whole, Lord DURHAM is SO much identified with the government, and hiS prosecutions or persecu tions have so much of a political and party tinge, that the ministry will more or less be held responsible for them. They will not be allowed to escape by any sub terfuge. Lord DURHAM is at any rate a Whig—a writer in the n6wspapers himself—a liberal and a friend of liber ty—and therefore by committing himself he commits his party, and drags into court, amid universal derision, his and their professed principles. We should like to see these alleged libels tried before Sir THOMAS DENMAN, Baron BAYLEY, and Judge GURNEY. It would be enough to make the lion and the unicorn blush. In another page will be found the resolutions of the Merchant Tailors' Company of London in reference to the commissions of ingaity into municipal corporations. These resolutions, founded upon the legal advice of Sir .TAMES SCARLETT, Mr. FOLLETT, and Mr. RENNALL, ex press the sentiments we have entertained from the be ginning, and which we have more than once stated at length. The commissions are illegal. No man is bound by law or custom to pay the slightest regard to their usurped authority, and we are strongly inclined to think that those corporations who have yielded to their mandates have not done strict justice to the freemen of their several municipalities. The expediency of yielding is another thing. In these times when the laws are trampled upon with impunity, and ancient rights and usages are deemed of no more value than an old almanac, it is difficult for pub lic officers to ascertain the safest course to steer'. Some surrender from fear; others yield from conscious inno cence ; and some, perhaps, from sheer ignorance. We have much to say on the subject, but the time has not yet arrived. LONDON LATEST NEWS. ICednesday Evening, half-past Seven o'clock. This has been a day of unusual dearth as regards foreign in telligence, independent of that published in the daily journals. The consol market has been heavy, and the quotation of the 3 per Cents. is 87 8., Exchequer Bills have fallen to 40 and 41 premium. In our foreign bonds, Portuguese Regency stock (!) has been rather on the decline, the price having been at one time as low as 591, and at the close it was 60A g. This has been caused - by the defeat of Don Pedro's invincibles, and the bondholders begin to think'that they may re-echo with respect to the divi dends the emphatic exclamation of Admiral Cape St. Vincent. as regarded his forces, "As for the rest, God knows where they are." Spanish stock at the close of business was 221 1. la the northern bonds there is little doing ; Russian closed at 1024 i; Belgian, after being 911, closed at 951; and Dutch closed at 49g There has been a decline in the Canada shares, 46 10 to 47 10 having been the price this day. Cz.pe of Good Hope papers to the Bth September have been received. During the preceding fortnight there had been a great deal of rain and very boisterous weather. The Berg River had risen to a greater height than for many years. Trade was very dull at the Cape. We have also had Launceston papers to the 12th July. Some idea of the value of land may be formed when it is stated, that a piece of ground in the outskirts of the town had been sold at above 6s. 6d. per foot. The bushrangers continued to commit their burglaries in sight of the town itself, and set the authorities at defiance. The advices from Ancona state that it was the intention of the Pope to place 6000 men at the service of the confederation to be formed among the Italian States. The holy father was also to advance a certain sum of money, and the same propor tion of troops were to ne furnished by the other Italian States. LONDON LATEST SHIPPING NEWS. Lloyd's, Fire o'clock, Wednesday: The shipping intelligence received at Lloyd's to-day, relative to the port of Liverpool, has been more meagre than we have yet had to report. The only arrival of Liverpool vessels at fo reign ports is the Margaret, arrived at Naples, and neither speak ings nor casualties have been posted on the board of the sub scribers' room. A notice has been sent to Lloyd's from the Post-office, that a mail for Cadiz, Gibraltar, and Malta, will be made up, to be forwarded out by the Favourite, from Portsmouth. Letters will be in time on the 22d. It is stated that the Marquis of Sligo is about to proceed to Jamaica as Governor of that Island, iu the place of the Earl of Mu'grave, who has been ordered home.—Dublin Evening Mail. We understand that Mr. Ryan's process for the prevention of dry-rot in timber has already met with much encouragement here, for it is really distressing to hear of the havoc which this disease is making in some of the lately erected public buildings; and we must congratulate our fellow-townsmen, and the com munity generally, that there is now a prospect of a check being put to so destructive au enemy. EMIGRATION To ENGLAND.—The arrival of the ship Carroll of Cairoilton, Captain Bird, from New York, within the last two days, with one hundred and seventy-one steerage passen gers, would seem to indicate that the tide of emigration is flow ing from America to, instead offrom, England; at any rate so great a number of steerage passengers in one vessel is an un usual circumstance. The cabin passengers were—Mr. Benja min H. Hart, Mr. Robert Essex, and Mr. William Binus, of London ; Mrs. Elizabeth Quiller, Master William Quiller, and servant, of Edinburgh ; Captain William Handley, of his Ma jesty's 11th Dragoons; Mr. Samuel Muirhead, of . Dublin, and Mr. John Brown, of Sheffield. The following came cabin passengers in. the ship Britannia, Captain Sketchley, from New York :—Lady Langford, child, and nurse; Mr. William Dawson, of New York; Mr. Charles Denston, Mr. Robert Ibbetson, the Rev. James Folliott, Mr. William Marston, Mr. Charles Buchanan, and Mr. William March, of England; Mr. J. Hazier, of Jamaica, 'and Dlr. Theo dore Dewees, of Philadelphia. On the occasion of the opening of the Chambers we feel it our duty to repeat our protest, in the name of the constitution, and thit equality which it established between the three branches of the state, against that point of etiquette which allows the King to remain covered when he addresses the senators and representatives, who ale uncovered, and in their own palace. The language uttered lately at Paris on the sub ject of the judicial authority, which was spoken of as if the royal power was supreme over it, renders our protest still more oppor tune, if possible, than it was at the opening of the last session.- - Courier lielge.—[lf the tailors of Paris will not suffer their mas ters to enter the workshop covered, we see no reason why his Majesty of Belgium should be permitted to wear his beaver. The thing is clearly anti-revolutionary, and therefore ought not to be tolerated.—Edit. Liverpool Standard.] THE THAMES TUNNEL.---At the last sitting of the Academy of Sciences, M. Navier announced that he had received a letter from M. Brunel, the engineer of the tunnel under the Thames, stating that the English government had decided upon grant ing funds for completing that great undertaking.—Fiench paper. [We suspect that the English government has already carried the grant system as far as they will be permitted to do , by their friends the anti-tax associators.—Edit. Liverpool Standard.l TILE TAILOR WAR.—Who can read and not admire the re solves of those brave tailors, " valiant as the wrathful dove or most magnanimous mouse," declaratory of their fixed deter nation to possess their full ninth of "The Rights of Man. From a mass of other important foreign intelligence we select from a London morning paper the following extract :—" A letter from Hunan, dated the 10th instant, states that the jour neymen tailors are getting riotous there also, demanding to leave work earlier on the Saturday, and to have breakfast and dinner provided for them every Sunday !!" To hint that the devil is among the tailors ' or that cabbage :has beets stipulated for as one of the edibles of this Sunday repast, might, in these ticklish times, subject us to an ex officio visit from the Attorney General :—therefore we forbear. HOLYHEAD AN D LONDON Boan.—The surveyors of the turn pike trusts have afforded the greatest facilities to experiments with the steam carriages, with the exception of the St. Alban 's level from the town of St. Albans to Dunstable (about ten miles), where not only were the required preparations refused, but ot rections were given by some of the magistrates to throw fresh stones on the road, and to orate impediments which did not previously exist—an order which was obeyed to the letter; and large lumps of st,nie were so thickly scattered as .even to 1!lt• peue the progress of the ordinary stage coaches. In the in tended excursion by one of Sir C. Dance's steam-carriages front London to Birmingham, on,Fridav week, on its arrival at the Wellington, near Highgate archway, one of the steam pipes burst, which occasioned very considerable delay, and it was nearly four hours before the damage could be repaired, and the carriage again proceed. The roads - were in a very unfavourabre state, and the average motion of the carriage was not aboye seven miles an hour. It reached Stony Stratford (only fifty-so‘ from London) at se‘en o'clock iu the evening, where, in conse quence of some additional derangement in the machinery, the attempt to pi osecute the journey was abandoned. Mr. Telford, and several in her scientific gentlemen witnessed the expel ,- dent, and sic said to have expressed their decided opinion , that although the engine had been Hit to a test beyond its talc power, the practicability of the undertaking was complete,Y established, and that engine properly constructed on . the same principles would be equal to whatever might be required of it.--Cite.iier Courant. THEATRE-ROYAL, LIVERPOOL. For the BENEFIT of Miss TURPIN, and the Last Night of . her engagement. THIS present FRIDAY, the 22(1 instant, the entertain ments will commence with the Opera of the • MARRIAGE OF FIGARO. Count Alroaviva, Mr. Cooke ; Figaro, Mr. Baker; Fiorello, Mr. Frazer; Cherubino, (the Pa e,) Miss Seymour. Susanna, Miss Turpin Countess, Miss George. After which, the Mt • al Drama of ROB R Y. Rob Roy, Mr. Validenh9ti ; Heien M'Gregor, Mrs. Brooks; Diana Vernon, Miss Turpin. To conclude with the favourite Comic Opera, called BROTHER AND SISTER. Donna Isidore Turpin. There will be no performanc44-moeeow NIGHT. i For the BENEFIT of Mr VANDENHOFF. ON MONDAY EVENING n xt, the 25th instant, will be performed Sheridan Knowl 's popular Pay of 'I'IIE IFE, On which occasion Miss Vande off will make her second ap pearance, in the character of Mariana. Julian St. Pierre Mr. Vandenhoff. To conclude with the Musical Drama of THE EXILE Daran Mr. Vandenhoff. Tickets may be had of Mr. VANDENHOFF, 3, Queen Anne street, and at the Box-office of the Theatre. v il For the BENEFIT of Mr. PA KER, Box Book-keeper. (I,N TUESDAY EVENING ext, the 26th instant, will ll be performed Colman's Pia of the IRON C ZEST. After the Play, a Highland in g, by Master Bickerstaffe. After which, e Operetta of NO! ! To conclude with the popular Drama of JONATHAN BRADFORD. Tickets to be had of Mr. PARKER, at the Box-office of the Theatre, where places may be secured. TO CORR ESPONDENTS. An " Enemy to Oppression" is received. The so-called Benevo lent Fund—lntrigues for the Dismissal of Old Officers — Acts of Individual Tyranny—and other subjects, are well understood: This Custom-house really is a budget of itself. We will open it next week, or when the farce which is now carrying forward here, and which fills our columns, is brought to a close. Alexis is nut overlooked; only deferred, for the same reason. Int iLiberpool *tanbarb.