The Sun. — London, England, 1840-11-10 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION. IMPORT D U TIES-REVENUE. FIRST ARTICLE. The Report of the Committee appointed to in quire into the several duties levied on imports into the United Kingdom, which we have already pub lished, though extremely valuable, does not give a complete idea of the extensive and important infor mation which the Committee obtained from several witnesses. As we earnestly hope that the appre hension of an immediate war is at an end, and that our people will be enabled peaceably to work out their own redemption, we shall proceed to lay before our readers some of the most remarkable portions of that evidence. . Import duties are laid on for two distinct objects, first, to provide a revenue for the State ; secondly, to secure the producers of certain commodities from the competition of the producers of similar commo dities in foreign countries. We shall, in the first instance, confine ourselves to the case of import duties levied for a revenue, leaving the duties levied for the cake of protecting our own producers for consideration hereafter. These classes of duties rest on perfectly different principles, and must be advocated or defended by totally different reasons. In general it is said that there are no objections to import duties levied fey the sake of a revenue which make them in the abstract unwarrantable. All du ties indeed, take more out of the pockets of the public than they put into the Exchequer, and give an unnatural or fictitious direction to the employ ment of capital. But that is not the intention of duties levied for a revenue, of which the object is solely to raise as much as possible for the Exche quer while they taleo as little as possible from the people. It might be supposed, such being the clear and definite object of duties imposed for the sake of revenue, that those who have ordained them, having a mere question of addition and sub traction to solve, and having all the talents of the community at their command to solve it, would not have committed a single mistake, any more than an arithmetical teacher would make a mistake in a common multiplication sum. The. fact, however, is, that those who have imposed duties for a revenue,have done it in a most bungling, mistaken manner. The Report of the Committee states that there are 1,158 different rates of duty chargeable on imported articles ; and then it adds, as if those who had framed our tariff had a settled design to impede the commerce of a country, which is great by its commerce, " all other articles paying .duty as unenumerated." " The plan," says Mr. J. D. Hume, p. 87, " has been to name, as nearly as possible, every article which the mind of man almost could conceive, with a particular duty attached to it ; and then, with a view to obtain a duty upon any article which may not have been so named, the table winds up with two general charges, which are known by the name of ihe unenumerated duties. The first is a duty of 20 per cent. upon articles not enumerated, which have undergone any degree of manufacture ; the second is a duty of five per cent. upon articles not enumerated, which have undergone no degree of manufacture. Not many years ago those two duties were, the first 50, and the other 20 per cent.; the object being to secure what was deemed an adequate sum for the benefit of the revenue. Mr Hue kisson deemed it right to go upon a different principle ; his object was rather to open our ports for new commodities by lowering the duties, with the intention of placing rated duties upon any which might be brought in in large quantities, and might be deemed worthy of being named in the teriff ; but it appears to me that he did not, upon that principle, lower the duties of either class suf- Seiently ; and as the importation of any commodi ties, without an adequate duty, could soon be stopped by imposing a just duty upon them, the risk is very trifling, and the advantage would lie on the side of extremely low duties in the first instance." If the Legislature had wished to prevent trade, and wished to prevent that increase of revenue which trade gives, could a better method, except a total prohibition of traffic, be found than this to doom all things which might be unknown to the law maker, though well known to the merchant trading to distant countries, to a duty of 50 per cent. or 20 per cent. on their value? What a monstrously ab surd principle is involved in the statement that the lawmakers of a country which owes its social hap piness and political greatness to commerce, have ordained no less than 1,150 rates of duty, and lest any trade should grow up which they have not caught, hare also ordained that nothing else shall come in without paying 20 per cent on its value. The mode in which the mind of the legislator has come to this conclusion, illustrates one opera tion of the duties. When he laid, for example, a duty on one species of oil, that raised the price so much that another, or inferior species, Ka; used in preference. Thus his duty forced the consump tioa of an inconvenient article, or forced men on contrivances to substitute one thing for another, in order to evade his duty. To prevent, therefore, the loss which the revenue would then stiffer, he was obliged to go on and subject all other species of oil, and all things which might be substituted for it, to an import duty the same as oil, inexpressibly to to the hindrance of commerce. So it has come about that, in order to gather a revenue from articles imported and used, all other articles which, by any possibility, might be imported, have been prohibited to the 'extent of a heavy duty. What a mischievous result. Another mode in which the blind and blunder ing plan has operated, is thus described by the in telligent witness we have already quoted. " There are a great many articles," says Mr. J. D. Hume, p. 90, " which originally were at a low duty, and where no protection was contemplated; but during the war, year by year, and budget by budget, the duties being yearly increased, many articles had duties at last imposed on them, which set people on the alert to make them at home, which was never thought of before, and thus incidentally those became protected." In this case the consequence was to give an arti fi -jai direction to capital and labour, and beget, in consequence of the principle being adopted of levy ing duties for the protection of native industry, a ne cessity for other restrictive laws. This shows that there exists an indissolUble concatenation in the moral as in the material world, which makes one political folly as certainly the parent of another, as vegetation follows the breaking up of winter, the fall of spring showers, and the geniil glow of a spring sun. It is plain that revenue can only be gathered from articles when actually imported, and for use ; and it is equally plain from this statement, that *hose who increased the duties year after year, and 'budget after budget, and so drove men to make the taxed articles at home, really deprived the State of a revenue. It is also plain from this statement that to collect a revenue by a system of import duties they must be properly apportioned to the value of the articles taxed, the estimation in which they are held, and the facilities for making them at home, circumstances which are liable to variation, and re spire the tariff to be varied accordingly. It is equally plain that on such a lumping system these rules cannot be noticed nor observed. The consequence is that the trade which might yield a revenue is stifled by the law e re i t h as well come into exist ence, and the Legislature is the author of a practical plan of painless extinction like that, for having only proposed which, the writer under the sienature of Marcus, has b,aosn so severely castigated. ° Another consequence of this catch-all system is that it exposes trade and exposes merchants to vast inconvenience. Every article that is brought into the country must be warehoused or an account taken of it. There are many articles which must be weighed and an account made of them, or mea sured, and the merchant or his clerk must attend. inconvenience. At this causes expense as well as At present trade is carried on for very small pro fits, and a small balance is sufficient to make it tin profitable, and put an end to it. The inconveni ence and expense, therefore, which this system imposes on the merchant stops trade by rendering it unpleasant and unprofitab e, and, by stopping trade, injures the revenue. Another way in which such duties interfere with the natural employment of industry and capital is exemplified by what has recently occurred in Par liament, concerning the growth of tobacco and the manufactur e of sugar. The enormous duty levied on the former, intended solely to raise a revenue, for there was no tobacco interest in the country to protect, made it profitable to grow tobacco in Ire land ; and to protect the revenue, by preventing that growth, after it had been begun, it becanis neces sary to pass a law to prohibit the growth, and the p l a et was everywhere plucked up. There may be man y circumstances for aught we know to make i;advantageous to grow tobacco, and consequently such a law is the prohibition of at least an inno cent and perhaps useful occupation. It is at least palpable from what takes place in Germany, that sugar might he profitably made in England from potatoes or from beet-root. The chemical extraction of sugar from these substances—or perhaps, con version, as in the case of malt, of the non or little nutritive and crude vegetable into sugar, might be extremely advantageous to fatten cattle, and in various other applications ; but those branches of human industry and human research are at once put an end to by the law, which, because a heavy revenue is derived from the import of sugar, pro- , hibits the manufacture of that article from beet root and potatoes. With singular inconsistency, just as caprice or momentary expediency has in fluenced the Legislature, it has stimulated and en couraged, as it supposed, native industry by the prohibition of foreign competing products, and it has impeded or prohibited that industry, as in the above cases, by positive laws. The preceding remarks apply to the principle of levying duties for a revenue, and to the blind and lumping system of our present tariff. On ex amining that in detail, as is done by several wit nesses, particularly by Mr. IVPGREGOR, who has suggested an elaborate scheme of duties, it is proved to be complicated, destitute of any regular prin ciple, productive of smuggling far more injurious to the public than is necessary to raise the revenue required, that in fact a larger revenue might be obtained by reducing the whole tariff to 20 heads, and levying a duty not exceed ing 10 per cent., and that the whole system is more cumbrous and costly than is consistent with the object for which it is established. All these ob jections, however, arise on merely considering import duties levied for a revenue, to which, on principle, no objection is generally made. To the principle of levying duties on foreign commodities for the pro tection of native industry the very strongest objec t tion exists on principle, and objections of the highest moral and political character. They tax one class of the people for the benefit of another. They . violate the principle of equal protection to all, which is the sole ground on which Government is theoretically defended and obedience claimed. They strike at the root of interchange, for they say a cer tain trade shall not take place. They are opposed, therefore, to the principles of division of labour, both individual and territorial, to which the pro sperity of society is so much indebted. The con demnation of protective duties, on principle, is called by those who support sinister interests theoretical, but it is in fact the wisdom of experience, learned through many ages, condensed into one or two most significant and expressive sentences. Those duties are morally wrong, for they are partial and unjust ; they are impolitic, for they impede division of labour. In a series of articles on this subject—. for it is most important, and deserves the public attention—we shall show that the progeny of this violation of principle confirm the character we have given to the parent. They constitute an in numerable host of social evils entailed on the com munity by the Legislature, at whose hands it has expected protection and benefit. We cannot, however, leave this part of the sub ject without expressing our regret that all those gentlemen, such as Messrs. IYl'Gregor, J. D. Hume, and Bowring, who have so clearly demon strated the evils of our present system, would keep alive many of them for an object which we must believe to be more puerile than levying a revenue or giving protection to our manufactures. They want, being statesmen, statistical information ; and to obtain this—to procure a register of all articles imported, they would levy on them a nominal duty. They would make our merchants still undergo all the trouble of registering every thing they bring in, and, as they would not voluntarily undergo such a trouble, they would keep alive much of the coercive 1 machinery now in use in our custom-house, for the purpose of merely getting statistical information. For our parts, we are so insensible to the value and importance of numbering all the pigs and sheep and pounds of sugar brought into the country, that we would not impose the slightest restriction on trade, or the slightest tax on the public, to accom plish it. It has little or nothing to recommend it but the delight of those who pursue that branch of science. To the public it is of no more bene fit than any other portion of natural history. To give the utmost extension to botany or mineralogy, the professors of those sciences would never induce the trading world to submit to , 1 the smallest restriction ; and we cannot, therefore, for one moment approve of the plan to subject all trade to a system of noxious restrictions, and the public to a heavy tax, for the purpose of promoting, however useful, the science of statistics. Customs regulations to collece a revenue or protect home in dustry are scarcely bearable, but Customs restric tions to gather a little information for the pro fessors of the exact science of statistics are wholly intolerable. if this sort of information is now of no considerable importance, it is because it carries with it a refutation of the system which sup plies it. It enables us to show the injury of cus tom-house regulations. Were they done away, little or nothing for the public benefit could be gained by it, and for its sake to keep in existence the smallest part of those injurious regulations, seems to us more like folly than wisdom. COMMODORE NAPIER. Perhaps there is not another man in the world so fit in all respects for the work he has to do as Napier. When he commanded a British frigate, he was always looked upon as a sort of Lord Cochrane run mad ; not mad, however, without method ; for he is both skilful and calculating ; but mad to rush to the cannon's mouth on all occasions, and never so much delighted as when en gaged in the turmoil and danger of close action. To a personal appearance highly eccentric, he adds an un ceasing activity and untameable enterprise. In the last American war, he and Captain Gordon took their frigates, in spite of a thousand obstacles, up the Potomac, to the town of Alexandria, where they destroyed the national stores and did immense damage of various kinds. On their return they had to pass close to a point of land which jutted into the river. Here were posted four or five thousand American troops, covered by the brushwood, and these made sure of the two frigates, sup posing that they could sweep off the crews by a single volley of their musketry. Gordon and Napier were not so easily caught. They were quite aware of the trap laid for them. On approaching the point of land, the frigates were weighed down on the starboard side, which had the effect of elevating the muzzles of their larboard broadsides ; the crew were protected from musketry by an impenetrable rampart of hammocks, &c.;sails, the guns were loaded with triple charges of grape, canister, musket balls, pieces of iron, nails, and other missiles of the like kind ; and with these the un derwood was severely scoured, and the American troops scampered off without their expected prizes ! Napier, however, did not go scot-free. Disdaining all cover, he jumped up some elevation on the quarter-deck to see " the fun," and received a musket-ball in the back part of his neck, one of the effects of which severe wound is a for ward inclination of the head, thereby increasing the pe culiarity of the gallant Captain's personal appearance. His subsequent exploits are well known, not the least distinguished of which was Ilisocapture of the whole of Don Miguel's fleet, an operation completed in about twelve minutes. He has entered upon his present ser vice in a similar spirit. He was among the first to go on shore, and there he might be seen in his shirt sleeves digging in the trenches (by way of example) and tugg ing at the heavy guns. Such a man, at the head of British seamen and marines, can accomplish whatever is in the power of man ; and should the French venture upon the experiment of another struggle for naval supe riority, depend upon it that Napier's name will be again 'neard of, and he will always be found in the van, in the thick of the enemy, regardless of the numbers, and vic torious too ; for his boldness is tempered by skill, and upheld by an unconquerable resolution. PARIS, TUESDAY --I wro te . to you this day week, givin g you some ac c o unt of the session at the Deaf and Dumb Asylum here, and of the sensation which Dr. Turnbules wonde e rlu'l. cures had produced. :I went to-day to see him e try his skill on a young gen tleman, a private ient, on whom, his friends stated, all kinds of experiments pa had been tried, bleeding, cup ping, introduction of instruments into the car, without producing the least effects i upon the organ of sound ; and again, I have great pleasure in bearing testimony to the efficacy of the D short minutes this young gentleman treatment. After a few nir heard so distinctly that, not being able to hear thee ear,octor's watch ticking ho pas m si a n d g e at a short distance from the through the to us that it was because a carriag e in him ; the street, the noise of which inconveniencedwas Paris might twenty minutes before all the carri aes have rolled through the same street, and not onl y would they not have prevented his hearing the tick" watch, but he would not have heard themselve w s g p of e a 1 viously and subsequently he heard the ticking, not ; only of the Doctor's but of strangers' watches. If I trouble y 1 you too much upon this matter I do so, believe me, be. , 1 cause I know that you have a great quantity of philan thropy yourself; and that I believe in giving publicity I to a discovery so truly wonderful, we are doing a ser vice to suffering humanity.—Mming Advertiser. t VISCOUNT PALMERSTON TO EARL GRANVILLE. Foreign Office, Nov. 2, 1840. MY LORD,—The despatch of the Bth of October, from M. Thicrs to M. Guizot, which was officially com municated to her Majesty's Government by M. Guizot on the 10th of October, afforded to her Majesty's Government the liveliest satisfaction by the renewed assurances which it contained, that love :of peace is a constant sentiment of the French Government ; that Europe may reckon upon the disinterestedness of France in regard to the affairs of the Levant ; that France considers the existence of the Turkish empire, in its integrity and independence, essential for the dearest interests of Europe, because the fall of that empire would increase the power of neighbouring States, at the expense of the general equilibrium ; and that France will devote all her means to the maintenance of peace, and to the upholding of the balance of power in Europe. These assurances, indeed, are in strict accordance with all the previous diplomatic communications which her Majesty's Government has received from that of France during the progress of these negotiations ; and they arc of high value in the eyes of her Majesty's Government as pledges that, notwithstanding some differences of opinion between the Powers of Europe as to the parti cular matters of detail, the general agreement of all the Great Powers upon the fundamental principles which ought to regulate their conduct in these affairs will pre vent any interruption of peace. The main subject of M. Thiers' despatch is the edict of the Sultan depriving Mehemet Ali of his government of Egypt ; and my despatches to your Excellency, No. 291, of the 17th ultimo, and to Lord Ponsonby, No. 195, of the 15th ultimo, which have been communi cated to the French Government, contain so fall a statement of the view which has been taken by her Majesty's Government of that measure, that it is unne cessary for me on the present occasion to add anything further upon th a t p o i n t. B u t th ere are some remar k s which have suggested themselves to her Majesty's Go verment upon some passages of M. Thiers' despatch, which your Excellency is instructed to submit for the consideration of the French Cabinet. M. Thiers says that France, in accepting with a re ligious fidelity the state of Europe, such as it resulted from treaties (by which it is presumed are meant the treaties of 1815), has understood that the state should not be changed, either for the benefit or to Me detri• ment of any existing power. In this understanding her Majesty's Government entirely agrees ; and her Ma jesty's Government conceives that an arrangement which has for its object to prevent Egypt and Syria from being severed from the Turkish empire is in strict conformity with this understanding, and in accordance both with its letter and with its spirit. M. Thiers states that the integrity of the Otto man empire embraces the shores of the Black Sea and those of the Red Sea, and that it is as impor tant to maintain the independence of Egypt and Syria as that of the Bosphorus and Dardanelles. But her Majesty's 'Government presumes that what is meant to be expressed in this passage is, not that the particular portions of the Turkish empire therein mentioned should be made separately independent, because that would be a dissolution of the Turkish em pire ; but that the sovereign power which rules the whole of the Turkish empire should be able to exert its paramount authority with entire independence of foreign control, as fully and completely on the shore of the Red Sea as on that of the Black Sea ; in Egypt and in Syria, as on the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles. In this opinion her Majesty's Government concurs, and the measures which arc now in course of execution by the Four Powers, in regard to Syria, appear to her Majesty's Government to be strictly in furtherance of these views. So far her Majesty's Government is glad to find itself concurring in the positions laid down in M. Thiers' despatch ; but her Majesty's Government cannot equally agree in the opinion expressed therein, that the pre sent condition of the Pacha of Egypt is an essential element of the balance of power in Europe. The whole of M. Thiers' argument on this point seems to rest on the assumption, that the continued existence of Mehemet Ali in his present condition as Pacha of Egypt is a source of strength to the Sultan, and tends to enable the Sultan the better to defend himself against foreign and domestic danger ; because if it is admitted that Mehemet Ali is a Governor using against his sovereign an authority which has been con fided to him for the benefit of that Sovereign, and em ploying in hostility against the supreme power of the State, the resources, military, naval, and financial, of an important portion of the empire itself ; if, in short, he is, to use the words of the despatch, " a Pacha disobe dient towards his master, and depending upon all sorts of foreign influences," it is manifest that the continued existence of a subject in such a state of insubordination and enmity towards his Sovereign, must be a source of weakness, and not of strength to that Sovereign, and must render him less, instead of more able, to defend I himself against either foreign or domestic danger, am must, therefore, according to the principles of M 'Tiers' despatch, impair the balance of power. But the opinion of the Turkish Government, which may be allowed to be a competent judge on this mat ter, has for some time been, that the continued exis tence of Mehemet Ali in his present state of military power, and with his hostile intentions towards the Sultan, is incompatible with the internal peace and integrity of the Ottoman empire, and destructive of the indepen dence of the Sultan as regards his relations with foreign Powers : and, undoubtedly, the experience of the last few years has too fully shown that this opinion is not unfounded. The extent of the limits within which it may be necessary to confine the delegated authority of Me hemet Ali, in order to make it probable that for the future he may be an obedient instead of a disobe dient subject, and may, therefore, become a source of strength, instead of being a cause of weakness to the Ottoman empire, is a point upon which opinions may differ ; and that question it is not requisite for me now to 'discuss. But her Majesty's Government conceives that whatever may be the opinions enter tained on this point by Foreign Powers, such opinions can only serve to regulate the advice which those Powers may tender to the Sultan, nr to determine the extent of the assistance which they may be disposed to afford him ; but that it rests with the Sultan, as So vereign of the Turkish empire, to decide which of his subjects shall be appointed by him to govern particular portions of his own dominions, and that no Foreign Power has a right to control the Sultan in the discre tionary exercise of one of the inherent and essential at tributes of independent sovere.gnty. The question of principle which I have thus adverted to, may probably not have any practical bearing upon events now in progress, but her Majesty's Government has felt anxious that it should not, by silence on this matter, leave its opinions liable to be misunderstood. Your Excellency will give a copy of this despatch to the Minister for Foreign Affairs. I am, &c., (Signed) PALMERSTON. THE LATE EXTRAORDINARY AFFAIR AT RICHMOND. The circumstances connected with the recent disturb. ante at Richmond, Surrey, an account of which appeared in yesterday's papers, have assumed a somewhat serious as. pect, and are likely to lead to the adoption of strong mea. sures against some of the parties concerned. It appears that, after the Magistrates discharged Mrs. Anna Maria Nelson, the lady who lays claim to the manor of Richmond, she returned to Mr. Smith's residence in Hill-street late on Saturday evening, and a large concourse of persons as. sembled and threatened to destroy that gentleman's pro perty. The lady was cheered and encouraged by the mob, and she demanded a certificate from the magistrate, Mr. Penrhyn, before whom she had been examined, setting forth that no felonious charge existed against her. Mr. Penrhyn having quitted the office, Mr. Smith was unable to comply with Mrs. Nelson's demand. Mrs. Nelson said, as she could not obtain the certificate she should not con sider the promise she had made to the Magistrate, not to visit West Hall again, as binding. She and her followers afterwards adjourned to an inn. The property the lady lays claims to belongs to the Crown, and has done so since the reign of James I. Mr. Powell, of the Woods end Forests, is the steward of the manor, and Mr. Smith is the deputy. The latter gentle man is treasurer of the parish of Richmond, and holds other responsible offices. His family have for the last three centuries resided in the town, but prejudice has been created against him. Yesterday Mr. Smith forwarded to the Treasury the de positions that were taken against Mrs. Nelson on the charge of stealing the gate and door keys of West-hall. It is the general opinion that the Lords of the Treasury will instruct Messrs. Pemberton and Crawley, the solicitors, of White hall, to indict all the parties concerned for conspiracy, in the event of any further molestation taking place. It appears that Mrs. Nelson as far back as three years ago laid claim to a house upon Richmond-hill, which . belonged about a century since to a person named Nelson, but which , had subsequently fallen into the hands of the Crown. Upon that occasion she ap. plied to Lord Melbourne upon :the subject, and Mr. Smith examined the deeds bat could not trace the slightest title to her. Since then her claim has in creased to the whole of the Crown property in Richmond. She seems to be verging upon 60 years of age, and is an educated woman. Mrs. Nelson has always plenty of mo ney with her when she visits Richmond. The lady's claims lo not appear to be confined to Richmond, as she delivered several printed a dvertisements for holding Courts Baron in different parts of the country. Among other proper. -ies mentioned were West Tofts, otherwise West Hall, Norfolk, Langford Hall, otherwise Langforth, and the manor of Little Buckenharn and parish of lekborough, in the same county. Upon one occasion Mrs. Nelson obtained from the Court of Queen's Bench a rule nisi, calling upon Mr. Smith to show cause why be should not give up the papers, writings, &c. relating to the manor of Richmond, but on the day Person appeared in Court of Mrs. fNorelhsocnacingbethhaelf.rule, no It is stated that Lord Ward has recently added to leis already vast territorial possessions the noble estates of Glengarry, in the north of Scotland, which he pur chased by public auction fur the sum of 91,0001. Worces er Herald. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 1840. BAPTISM AND BURIAL. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sitc,--fiumerous are the persons concerned7arid still larger are the number who regard with great interest, the refusal of the clergyman near Dover to bury a child, be cause baptised by a Wesleyan minister, especially as a case of precisely the same nature was tried at the Arches Court, before Sir H. Jenner, last Monday, who has de ferred giving judgment, consequently they naturally wish to know what further proceedings have taken place, and, at the same time, look to you or your Correspondent to watch with fidelity, and report faithfully the same in your columns. I. The clergy by thus acting indirectly signify that the bodies over which they read the burial service are by that deed securely ushered to the felicity of heaven; and there fore, 2. In effect interpret that expression in the burial ser vice (on which so much has been said and written) in the most unfavourable and anti_christian sense. 3. Does not this denial of burial look like revenge? Be cause the baptism of the child could not be obtained, bu rial shall be denied. 4. By this conduct the clergy condemn their forefathers and their more liberal brethren, charging them with the commission of grievous crimes and misdemeanours. 5. It cuts off and arrogantly rejects the Presbyterian clergy at one fell swoop, whether they be of the Church of Scotland, or any other like Church on the face of the earth, howsoever Christianly they may act, from what is thought to be Christian burial. 6. - It bestows a premium on character of the worst dye; for as much as it does not consider that as a test of minis terial capability, but deems a mere external action as the only true and undoubted qualifi cat i on. 7. It cep s in question the right of George 111., George IV., probabiy William IV., sad most likely other Kings, to have reigned over these realms ; and why? because they were not baptised by a person who was episcopally bap-. tisrd, therefore they should not have been considered Christians, which would have rendered them incapable of swaying the regal sceptre; nor ought the burial service, equally with those children near Dover and Hereford, have been read over them. 8. It divests the Established Church of that Protestant character which caused it to be endowed by the State, in asmuch as these principles obligate their supporters to re gard the Romish Church with a child-like affection, and actuate them to imitate its superstitious example. 9. Is it not greatly weakening the Church, which as clergy and laity report, is going through an ordeal of suf fering? And will not this increase that suffering tenfold, and perhaps be one of the main causes of its overthrow ? 10. This method of procedure: must necessarily induce a vast amount of labour, which, if followed out to its full extent, will swallow up some of their other ministerial duties—namely, the searching out of who and how many of their parishioners have been baptised episcopally or non episcopally. 11. Will it not greatly lessen the incomes of the clergy, especially where non.episcopalians reside, as they will thus be compelled to purchase land (if they have not) to bury their dead ? Thus become independent of the Church, the opposition to Church-rates may be expected to increase. 12. Although Episcopal is so much and so foolishly ex alted above Presbyterian ordination, in reality they are the same. The former, to be valid, must be per formed by the Bishop, with the assistance of Priests; the latter is likewise effected by Priests, all equal in de gree, but dissimilar from age, and experience. Let those more aged and experienced men be called Bishops, and you have the scriptural meaning of the word. Hence the or dinations resemble each other. 13. Modern notions of the office of a Bishop have blinded the minds of men to its true import. Scripturally, Pres byter and Bishop are the same ; they are described as hav ing the same qualifications, the same duties, ordination, and power. Thus speaks the primitive Church, and con sonant with this were the opinions of the English Re formers. 14. This High Church dogma, the alone efficiency of Episcopal baptism, nullifies Christ's given rule, " By their fruits shall ye know them," and sets aside the apostolic in junction, " Try the spirits whether they are of God," and places a mere act, it may be, of wicked and unchristian mcn, in the stead of these scriptural precepts, which com mand men to use their reason and judgment ; but the clergy say no ; and endeavour to gag men and smother those faculties by which they arc distinguished from the beasts of the field. 15. The high and haughty assumption of the Divine right of modern Episcopacy, consequently of all its ordi nations, is built chiefly on the passage where Jesus Christ told his disciples that he would be " with ►hem always, even unto the end of the world." Then it is supposed that as he was with the first Apostles, and their immediate succes sors, who ordained their successors, and they theirs, the present Bishops are thought to be the legitimate and cer tain successors of these in a direct and unbroken line, ergo, - Christ is alone with them, according to his promise, and they are the only lawfully appointed Ministers of his re ligion. How soon can prejudice thus jump to a conclu sion, favourable to its own opinions, and throw aside all the established rules of common sense and reason. This obvious consideration will show the folly of these opiniated notions. Christ's promise rests on this condition, that they teach mankind to observe whatsoever he had commanded them." How long was this done? Ecclesiastical history from the fourth to the sixteenth century will sufficiently declare in what way the Bishops in the intermediate centuries taught the doctrines and practised the precepts of their professed Master. Ask the same history for the manner in which the professors of the Established Church have done this same duty. Have they as a body performed this? The answer is easy, and irrefutably attested—No. Conse quently, as the condition has not b, en observed, so if there ever was any Divine power attached to the succession, it is irremediably lost. Grant that it had a peculiar sanctity, this has departed, for the line cannot be traced. What then becomes of the efficacy of Episcopal baptism or ordi nation? It is reduced to nothing, and worse than nothing. A mere figment of the brain formed and lodged in the lazy intellect of the worldly ecclesiastic, as a cunning de vice to preserve his power and authority. 16. Two several Acts of Parliaments were framed in Elizabeth and Charles ll.'s reigns to confirm clergymen in their livings as ministers of the Church of England who had only received Presbyterian ordination. Did those or dained by Bishops refuse to bury the bodies of persons baptized by these clergy ? I trove not ; they had too much sense to introduce such a schism into the Church. As the subject is of importance, I trust that you will give t'is a place in your widely -spread paper (although ?o lergthy), which will net only oblige th e wr i ter , b u t ot h ers . Your's truly, INVESTIGATOR. Noy. 7, 1840. NEGLIGENCE OF RAILWAY COMPANIES: An action involving an important principle was decided in the Sheriff Small Debt Court, Glasgow, on the 14th ultimo. The circumstances of the case are these :—On the sth of September last, a person took out a ticket at the office of the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock, and Ayr Rail way Company here, to be conveyed to Ardrossan by the train which left Glasgow at four o'clock on that day. From Ardrossan it was his intention to have proceeded to Arran by a steam-boat, which left that place at s:x o'clock. He had calculated that he would be enabled to reach Ar drossan in sufficient time to be put on board a steamer for Arran, from advertisements which had been issued by the Railway Company, holding out to passengers that they might reckon upon being conveyed at the rate of a mile in three minutes, stoppages included. At this rate he would have reached Androssan twenty minutes before six o'clock. From some cause or other, however, the train only reached Ailwinning at five minutes to six o'clock ; and this delay, it was sworn by the pursuer's witnesses, arose from no accident, but, as they understood, and were informed by persons in the Company's employment, from a want of proper fuel—common coal being used in place of coke: The aver age ra t e a t which they trav e lled was about 12 miles an ho ur . O n a rriving at Kilwinniug, the carriages containing the passengers for Ardrossan were detached front the principal train, which then proceeded on to Ayr. By this time, however, the branch train for Ardrossan had left, an d the passengers in the detached waggons, as was sworn to by t h e witnesses, were l e ft standi n g o u t o n th e line, no notice whatever being taken of them by the Com pany or their servants. In these circumstances the pursuer and some others hired a car, in which th e y proceeded to Ardrossan, but the steamer .llc had sa il ed before their arr i va l . Th e pursuer was in d etained in Ardrossan t ill t h e next M on d ay ~. mornin g, and he brought his action against the Railway Company—.lst, fo r the proportion of the hire of the car r 2d, for the expanses of his living in Ardrossan till the .Mon day • for , 3d, remuner a ti on f o r the loss of time, occasioned by his being kept from his business on Monday ; and 4th, for the • price of some perishable articles, which had been spoiled by being kept. It was proved that the pursuer had made application to the Secretary of the Company for an extrajudical set tlement bef ore h aving recourse to an action, and that the Company had declined to recognise his claim. The de fenders led no eviderice, but concluded that they were only liable at the utmost for the ex mo os which the pursuer had been put t o i n completing his journey , name l y , t he hire of the car ; t h at these were the only direct damages he had suffered, and that to award any farther sum would be to give consequential damages, to which there would be no end. In illustration of this argument it was argued that, according to the principle contended for by the pursuer, if his destination had been North America instead of Arran, and if be had lost his passage in consequence of the delay, still the Railway Company would be liable to make good the loss. The Sheriff considered the point to be new, and attended with some difficulty. He accordingly requested . the agents for the p ar ti es to g i ve i n a note o f those decisions which they concei ve d to h ave a b ear i ng o n the point. This was done, and his Lordship, on re-considering the case, ex• pressed his opinion very fully. He held that gross care lessness on the part of the Company had been proved, and he found the pursuer entitled, first, to the hire of the car; and, second, t o t h e expenses to w hi c h lie w as put in living at Ardrossan till the Monday morning; but as to the lo , s of time, for that the pursuer was not entitled to compensa tion, seeing that bad he succeeded in reaching Arran on the Saturday night, as he intended, Monday would have been a lost day at any rate. No evidence having been adduced in su pp ort of the other item of charge, the Sheriff did not sustain it. Baron Rothschild's hounds met on Monday last, when a very fine stag was uncarted in a field near Aylesbury. A large number of sportsmen had assembled, when, the word being given, away he went towards Bed grove turn, from thence to Bishopstone and Aylesbury, and from Aylesbury to Weedon Lodge and Noldock, then up to Little-cut,;below Stowkly, and taking a circuit lie came back to the latter place and ran into a small cottage, the owner of which, an old lady, on perceiving the noblo animal, mistook him for the king of beasts, and exclaimed, " Here's a lion, here's a lion," and immediately fainted ; but the huntsmen coming up, the old lady recovered and the stag was secured, after a chase of two hours and tv;eray miuutes' bard running.. —Bucks Gazette. THE JEWS AT DAMASCUS. The warm interest which Lord Howden has invari ably evinced in behalf of the persecuted Jews at Da mascus, has led Sir Moses Montefiore to address the following letter to his Lordship : " ALEXANDRIA, SEPT. 30, 1840. " My Lord—That the interest yuur Lordship has taken in the cause of my deeply injured, persecuted, and tor. tured brethren at Damascus will induce you to read with satisfaction the account of the proceedings of the mission, I have no doubt, not only from your abhorrence of cruelty and religious intolerance, but from the active part you took in the meeting held at the Mansion-House, just prior to our departure. I have, therefore, much pleasure in informing you that his Highness has granted— " An order for the unconditional discharge of the nine unhappy persons confined at Damascus, on the accusation of being parties to the murder of Father Thomas. " Fermis=ion for such of the Jews as had fled from the dread of persecution and torture, to return to their homes unmo!csted. " A general declaration that the Jews should have the same protection as other subjects. "'rho disturbed state of Syria, the agitation that pre vails here, and the opposition of the French authorities have prevented my obtaining a new trial, or of proceeding to Damascus, but I hope that I may be enabled so to do before I quit the East, that I may add to the irrefragable proofs I have already collected of the falsehood of the in. famous calumnies and charges made against them. " But whether I am able to do so or not, I cannot for get your Lordship's kindness, nor cease to believe it has already had a most beneficial effect upon the . condition of Jews in the East. " I have the honour to be, my Lord, " Your Lordship's most obedient servant, (Signed) " MOSES MONTEFIORE. " To the Right Hon. Lord Bowden." SUBSCRIPTIONS FOR MR. REYNOLDS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sir,—Allow me, by way of caution, to ask through your columns, whether or not an individual is address ing circulars to different quarters with a view to collect those wholesale subscriptions for " Mr. Reynolds, or any other purpose," &c., which the late meeting voted to be unneces , ary.—l am, your's truly, Nov. Bth. INQUIRE BEFORE YOU ACT. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Slit--J have long and ardently admired the princi ples which you advocate, and never was more sur prised than in perusing the letter of Captain Reynolds in your paper of the 3 , 1 instant, refusing the patronage of a generous public, and basely submitting to the tyranny of a Court, determined to support through thick and thin a code of laws quite unadapted for re gulating the conduct of free men. From the way in which he or his friend Harvey commenced the campaign I certainly did expect better things, but since be has slavishly placed his neck under the feet of his oppressors, I think it would be much better that the public should forget the object whom they intended to favour, and endeavour to confer a favour upon many deserting men, who I - doubt not, will thank fully receive any assistance from such an influencial source. I am, your's most obediently, Edinburgh, Nov. 6th, 1840. SENEX. CASE OF CAPTAIN REYNOLDS. 7'o THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—Never within the memory of that veracious per sonsge, "tile oldest inhabitant," has the affairs of one individual created such universal interest as the late affair of Captain Reynolds. Scarcely bad the unlooked-for re sult of the Court-martial been announced, through the columns of The Sun, than subscriptions were opened in various parts of this city ; hundreds, aye thousands, of persons had generously subscribed their monies, and a me morial was actually preparing to be presented to Parlia ment, praying them to cause an inquiry to be instituted into the conduct of Lord Cardigan; and another memo rial to the Queen, praying her to restore Captainfßeynolds to his rank and honours in her service—when lo I the letter, signed R. A. Reynolds, makes its appearance—and a purer specimen of crawling, craven-hearted servility—a more slave-like submission to tyranny and oppression, or a more perfect piece of heartless ingratitude to the public, who bad so warmly taken up his cause, never was penned. I suppose the " authorities" at the Horse Guards, finding their injustice and partiality had raised such an universal storm of indignation throughout the country, had become a leetle alarmed for the consequences, and, doubtless, this letter, intended to divert the public attention from them selves, was concocted by their direction, the signing of which by Captain Reynolds, is, perhaps, to be the price of his restoration to the army. But, good God! %1 hat is the condition of the army ? When such base and servile sub. mission is required of the senior captains of regiments, the public may easily imagine the condition of private sot. diers under such officers. The condition of the army must and will be investigated in the ensuing Session of Parliament, and though this Captain Reynolds is incapable of appreciating the value of public sympathy, it does not fol low that it may be the case of future Reynoidses. At all events, the public will not give up their right of interfering to put an end to the tyranny and oppression of such mush room officers as my Lord Cardigan, whose being a core netted duellist, coupled with his amiable disposition (?), apprars to be his only qualification for the rank he holds in the army. It is said—" There is but one step in the human eh. racter from the tyrant to the slave." Captain Reynolds, by his letter, has proved his capacity fur the one, and pro bably this affair, after all, might only have prevented his playing the other part. It is really painful to observe the slavish and unmanly submission, on the one band, and the ingratitude on the other, cf Captain Reynoids ; and, since he has proved himself incapable of appreciating the value of public sympathy, the subscriptions, I hope, will be directed to some more worthy object. Ten guineas, the amount of a shilling subscription raised at the Albion Tavern in a few days, have been paid over to the treasurer of the Bristol General Hospital, and I have no doubt the other sub scriptions (for there have been many in this city) will be applied to some equally laudable purpose, perhaps not forgetting some of the objects of political or clerical per secution—if you would point out some of the most worthy ; at all events, none of it will now find its way to Captain Reynolds, who, by his insolent ingratitude to the public, whose servant lie really was, has lost an opportunity, not of being compensated for the loss of his commission, for I believe it was the determination of the public to have re sorted to every legal means for its restoration, nor to have rested till it had been obtained, but of handing down to his posterity a splendid service of plate—a monument of the public appreciation of his independence, and an heir-loom, of which brighter and better men than him self might justly be proud. I am, Sir, your's very respectfully, Bristol, Nov. 9. GE RMAN Y. HARBCRG, Nov. s.—Nev; has been received here this evening that the King has approved the construction of an iron railway from Hanover, by way of Celle and Lune burg, to the Elbe, the terminus of which is to be at Har burg ; but the prolongation of the railway from Luneburg to Britzenburg and Wesmar is deferred for the present. STUTTGARD, OCT. 29.—Early this morning a courier arrived at the hotel of the French Embassy, who, after an extremely short stay, hastened on to Munich. The Mi nister of War had immediately afterwards an audience of the King, and the probably unfounded intelligence was propagated from his hotel, and spread like wildfire through the whole city, that the King of the French had been cut off by a violent death. Whether this report be true or false, so much is certain, that it is resolved to assemble the Bth corps of the army, and that immediately. The ani mosity against France increases daily, and those who are the most incensed are the inhabitants of the frontier of the Grand Duchy of Baden, whose quiet pacific temper has been at length provoked beyond all patience by the scornful mocking and the boastful pretensions of their neighbours on the other side of the Rhine. HANOVER, OCT. 30.—1 t is probably the prospect of the possibility of war that has given occasion to the filling up the post of Minister of War just at this moment, after it has so long remained vacant, namely, ever since the death of Count Von Alten. _ _ . BERLIN, OCT. 31.—The late King bequeathed to his eldest daughter, the Empress of Russia, 40,000 dollars. Her Majesty has placed the whole sum at the disposal of the magistrates of this city, to be employed for charitable purposes.—Hamburgh Papers. HAMBURG BORSENHALLE, NOY. 6. Money. Austrian 5 per Cents. Bank Snares Ang lo.ltussian Loan 106% 101% Russian 5 per Cent. Ist semi, Certificate - • " .„.. Inscriptioii, Ist Se:los lO2 - Itus , ian 5 per Cent. flop.: and Co. 3d and 4th Scrics Ditto in Certificates Dutch Actual Debt, 2yi per Cent 49 Ditt o 5 per Cent _ .7 Polish Bonds New ticket Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent Norwegian Loan, 1834, 4 per Spanish, New 3 per Cents. — rIXCHANGES ON LONDON. HAMBURG, Nov. 6.-13 314.—Tw0 months, 13 4. STOCKHOLM, OCT. at—Seven ty-ti v e days, 11. 31, CtIRISTIANIA, OCT. 2S.—Three months, 456. PETERSBUItOII, Ocr. 31.—Two months, 39% pence. BELGIAN 1 UNDS—BRUBBELB, Nov. 7. Actual Debt, 2N, per Cent. Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Cant tai% Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent. 861.i --- 3 per Cent. Thirty-seven-- ----- Loan of City, 1632, 4 per Cent Society of Commerce, 4yiperCent llO Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent ............. t- 33i National Society. Exchange on London (short) —Brussels Papers, Nov. 7. AUSTRIAN EUNDS.—VIENNA, Om 20 Five per Cents. Metalliques • loli% Four per Cents. 98% 7 „, Three par Cents. ....... ..... ......... .............. :660 ,s Bank Shares —Aligerneine Zeitung, Nov. 4 The Ist division of the first battalion of the Rifle Brigade, under the command of the Hon. Major Saumarcz, arrived by railrmd at the Euston-square terminus from Weedon, yesterday morning, and marched from thence over Waterloo-bridge, to Deptford, where they are to em. hark immediately on board the Abercrombie, Robinson, for Malta. The second division, under Lieutenant-Colonel Hope , followed to-day. The battalion, with :a draft of the 79th Regiment, are expected to sail in the course of the week. PYTCEILEY HuNT.—Owing to the praise worthy exertions of Mears. Payne and Hungerford this country is reseued from its d!gieulties, they having pre veiled upon a Mr. Smith to take the hounds. Ho is a first-rwe sportsman, and we have every reason to expect some most excellent sport. There is every probability of Lord Dade taking the country next year, CHILL —The HOLDERS o f th e BONDS of that REPUBLIC are respect f u ll y re f erre d t o our I Letter of this date to the Committee of South American Bond holders, and to the copies of our correspondence with Don Francisco Xavier de Rosales (all which cati lie seen at the Committee Room, No. 3, Freeman's-court, Cornhill) for Proofs that, as Contractors of, and the only legal Agents for, the CHILIAN LOAN, in the discharge of our duty to the Go vernment of Chili and to the Bondholders, we have twice offered, and hereby offer a third time to Senor Rosales, to check and certify to the genuineness of the Coupons, without any charge to the BondhoLlers, ar.d postponing our pecuniary claims on that Government for after consideration and settlement ; so as to obviate the prejudicial consequences of the mode adopted by Senor Rosales, as per advertisement of the 2d inst.—namely, the delay of receiving the Dividends, the risk, trouble, and ex pense of sending the Bonds to London for Registration, and the quite uncalled for and unnecessary expense Government of to the of Chili of a new Registration, wholly inefficient in detecting forgeries. HULLE fT, BROTHERS, and Co. 9, Austin-friars, Nov. 9, 1840. INDIAN GALA, or POW-WOW, in the - - - EGYPTIAN HALL, Piccadilly. Mr. Catlin's North American Indian Museum is open during the day and evening, and on Thursday evening, the 12th inst., at Eight o'Clock, will be given the Fourth Indian Gala, or Pow-wow, when a grand and splendid display will be made of Costumes, Weapons, &c., on living figures, and all explained by Mr. Catlin in person. Admission to tae whole One Shilling. THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN. DE R the MANAGEMENT of MADAME VESTRIS THIS EVENING, NOV. 10. Will be repeated, Beaumont and Fletcher's Comedy of THE SPANISH CURATE. Don Henrigue„ Mr. Cooper; Don Juan, Mr. Anderson Leandro, Mr. Chas. Mathews ; Lopez (the Curate), Mr. Y. Farren ; Bartoins, Mr. Bartley ; Diego, Mr. Keeley ; Atria. rante, Madame Vestris ; 3aeintha, Mrs. W. West. The Interval between the Play and the Alterpiece will be oc cupied by A COMIC SCENE between Mr. CHARLES MATHEWS and Mr. KEELEY, entitled TWO IN THE MORNING. sifter which will be repeated the New Petite Comedy, entitled FASHIONABLE ARRIVALS. Sir Thomas Oldton, Mr. W. Farren ; Nix, Mr. Chas. Ma hews ; Captain Maitland, Mr. J. Vining; David Suremav, Mr. Bartley ; Mrs Maitland, Madame Vegtris; Mrs. Doro thy More, Mrs. Humby. On Wednesday, The Critic, with Fashionable Arrivals, and The Beggar's Opera. On Thursday, The Spanish Curate, with Fashionable Ar rivals. Dress Boxes, 7s. ; Second Price, 3s. 6d. ; First and Second Circles, ss. ; Second Price, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, 3s. ; Second Price, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. Doors to be opened at half-past Six—the performances to :onimence at Seven o'Clock. Vtk.ts and places for the Boxfc:, to be taken of Mr. Grogan it the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets may De had upon application. Private Boxes to be had so'ely of Mr, And: ties, bookseller 167, New Bond-street. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. UNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF Mr. BUTLER. THIS EVENING, NOV. 10, The entertainments will commence with HOW TO RULE A WIFE! Duke Aranza, Mr. Butler ; Juliana, ➢]r. H. Beverly. After which, Two Acts of ENGLISH ETIQUETTE. Mr. Handel Hibbs, Mr. Balls; Achille Townsend, Mr. St John Horton ; Miss Agatha Bloomington, Mrs. Garrick Peggy, Mrs. H. Beverley. To conclude with the New Burletta, named THE RAILROAD STATION. Mr. Sampson Jones, Mr. Samuel Roxby ; Mrs. W. Smith, Mrs. Garrick. Dress Boxes, 4s.—Olympian Boxes, 3s.—Pit, 2s —Gallery, Is. Half-price—Dress Circle, 2s. ; Olympian Boxes, Is. 6d ; Pit, 1!. THEATRE ROYAL DRURY-LANE. Mr. ELIASON begs leave most respectfully to announce that the above Theatre is now OPEN EVERY EVENIG with the Grand Musical Entertainments, entitled THE CONCERTS D'HIVER. Leader, Mons. NADAUD—Conductor, Mons. MUSARD, ,PROGRAMME FOR THIS EVENING, NOV. 10. PART FIRST. Overture—Le Pre aux Cleres—Herold. Valses—Le Bon Gout—Strauss. Overture—Le Siege de Corinth—Rossini. Quadrille Militaire—Solo Cornet a Pistons, Herr Koenig, Solo Trombone, M. Dantonet--Musard. Grand Air from Guillaume Tell—Trombone Alto and Cornet a Pistons—Rossini. Introduction e Bolero—Violoncello, Mr. Hancock—Kraft. Locke's celebrated Music in Macbeth. FART SECOND. Overture—Euryanthe—C. M. von Weber. Cent Suisse—Quadrille, M.S.—Solo, Cornet a Pistons, Herr Koenig—Solo, Trombone, Mons. Dantonet—Musard. Solo Flute by Herr Frisch. Serenades Espagnoles—Musard. Quadrille—Falstaff—Musard. Galop Militaire—Trumpet obligato, Herr Muller.' Prices of Admission :—To the Promenade, Is. ; Dress Circle, 2s. 6d. ; Upper Boxes, is. 6d. Visitors to the Boxes have the privilege of passing to and from the Promenade. beg44lllr. Eliason, in compliance with numerous applications , s leave to announce that the Lower Gallery will ler the fu ture be opened at the admission of Is. to each person. Doors open at half-past Seven o'Clock, to commence at Eight precisely. Private Boxes can only be procured of Mr. Mitchell, Royal Library, No. 33, Old Bond street, and at the Box-office of the Theatre. Prices, 10s. 6d., 11. Is., and U. Ils. 6d. Boxes and Places in the Dress and Upper Circles may be secured on application to Mr. Parsons, at the Box-office, daily, from len till Four o'Clock, and those in the Dress Circle will be kept during the whole of the evening, if required. PRINCESS' THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. This splendid Theatre is OPEN EVERY EVENING with PROMENADE CONCERTS, Under the Direction of Mr. WILLY. THIS EVENING, NOV. 10.—PROGRAMME. Overtures—Don Juan, Otelle. • Quadrilles—Londonderry, Postilion, La Comique. Waltzes—Amina, Brandhefen, Rosenblatter. Grand Fantasia from Meverbeer's Opera, Les Huguenots. Solo on the Clarinet, Herr Itjen. Solo on the Trombone by Mr. Holt. Duet, Ccrnet a Pistons—Mr. APFarlane and Mr. Keightly. To conclude with Beethoven's Grand Battle Symphony, for which an addition has been made to the already numerous and efficient orchestra. Promenade, ls.—Dress Circle, 2s.—Upper Boxes, Is. 6d. Private Boxes, 11. Is. and 10s. 6d. each, may be had at the Box-office, and of Mr. Mitchell, Old Bond-street. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Mr. Maywood in several popular Characters, and Second week of the astonishing Negro Melodist, Yankee Smith. THIS EVENING, NOV. 10, Will be acted the New Nautical Drama, entitled THE WRECK OF THE ROYAL EORGE; OR, THE SEAMAN'S CHEST. Preceded by a GraLd Pictorial and Scenic Induction, repre senting a Cruise round the Coast, and depicting the awful ca lamity, with the sinking of the Vessel, &c. To be followed by the astonishing Negro Melodist, Yankee Smith, in a celebrated Extravaganza, called JIM ALONG JOSh:Y, In which he will introduce his " Long Island Break Down,' and also the Mississippi Melody, " Zipcoon." - In this part of the performance, the extraordinary Picca ninny, Colman, will appear in the Old Kentuckian Grape Vine Twist. To conclude with THE BRIDE OF LAMMERMOOR. Caleb, Mr. Maywood. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. Under her Majesty's Immediate Patronage. highly popular and interesting resort is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Dusk. The Menagerie, which is unequalled in the number, variety, and beauty of the specimens it contains, occupies several spa cious and elegant buildings comfortably heated, and arranged with the nearest possible assimilation to the natural habits of the animals. The most important additions recently received are the rare and beautiful black Leopard, le Mignon Elephant, a pair of the scarce Curassows, called Cushew Birds, the Sacred Ibis, the Bush Cow (the only specimen in Europe), a pair of .2:ossowaries, the Monster Boa (the largest ever seen in confine nent), &c. The splendid collection of Carnivora are fed at Four o'Clock, at which time the ferocious attributes and amazing muscular :lowers of these forest monarchs are displayed to the utmost ad 'antage. Admission, One Shilling. TO CORRESPONDENTS. The letter of " H. " was received, but the subject to - which it referred now possesses no public interest, and we therefore considered the publication of it unnecessary. " An Unenfranchised Englishman."— He is the chief of a Highland clan (-,f that name, and was formerly Member for a county in Scotland. HIGH WATER AT LONDON RRIDGE TO-MORROW, Morning 7 minutes after 3. 1 Evening 29 minutes after 3. i.e. Publication of the Evening Edition of Tins SUN com• menced at 20 minutes after Three. , , • , 4 - 4./ • -77411.1„1, „. , • ~ Z'he )1.117f* LONDON: TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 1840. We know no other conclusion to which the flippancy of the Globe, in speaking of Sir Wir.- LIA NE Mo LESWORTICS well-meant efforts at Leeds, and the almost gloating ferocity of the Chronicle in speaking of the affairs of the East and of France, can lead, but that those journals wish for war, and wish the one to exasperate the French, and the other to check all the kindly feel ings of the E;:glish. We cannot believe that these journals speak the sentiments and wishes of the Ministers, because, as Louis PHILIPPE is the Monarch, so the Whigs are the Ministers, of peace, and their interest and power as politicians are bound up with its preservation. By whom are the present Ministers supported in the community ? Not by the Army; but the Army, and those connected with the Army, have no objection to war. Not by the Navy, for, if we arc not mis informed—though they have many friends in that more enlightened of the two military professions— the majority of the Navy arc neither Whigs nor Liberak . . The Navy, howGvcr, would have no ob- EVENING EDITION. •eetion to war. It is the trade of the Navy. MI by the State priesthood, who have looked cooilY, and perhaps even approvingly, on the prospect o a contest with the semi. Catholics and semi- Atheists of revolutionary France, a contest which would enhance their share of the value of land. The Tory Standard has become the ally of the Minis,. ters on such grounds ; and the Tory Post chimes in with taunts against the unstable and immora French. The State priesthood do not sup port the Whig Ministers, and have taken no a ctive part in discountenancing war. The Ministers are not supported by the landed gentlemen and agri culturists, who have been taught to look on them with suspicion—who remember the high prices of last war with delight, and expect another war will limit us still more strictly to the produce of our own soil, and will raise still higher the present famine price of wheat. Neither do the great capitalists of the City—the loan-jobbers and loan-mongers--With rare exceptions, the men who command the money market of the world—particularly favour war Whigs, though they might urge them on to war. The persons who now support the IVlinisterse—who e and in a great measure put them into office, coil tinue them there—are the Dissenting clergymen o the empire, who are almost all, both as Christians g and politicians, averse from war with Fravce. dr' O'CONNELL, too, with the Catholics of Irelan and all their friends and connections, on whom the pith F ra nce. The Quakers—mor e i n fl uen tial from Ministers lean, are av e r se from war t heir Pel l " verance and their enthusiasm than for thei r ntinv not inec6" hers arid their we a lth, though these a re siderable—are generally the friends of the Whi and the most decided en e mies of war. T he e a lecturers, whose prosperity depends in grestf_l4o at ercee.. a ' sure on the sea being open—the whose trade would be hampered or 'st.°Pll! by war—the tradesmen in all out, t° l ll os . not mere naval ports, like Sh e erness or ruylir; g s , mouth=are, generally speaking, averse frei n _ o f and, constituting the bulk of the electore towns, return to Parliament that m ajoritY i ; their own interest and their own keeps the Ministers in office. Out a re g a t h e y cannot desire war, and cannot, therefore, in site opinion, either sanction or approve of the an the flippancy of the Globe or the sa vagene ss of so y Chronicle. At least The Sun, though o n the iniste"P points it gives a warm support to its is steadily opposed to war, and would do all in 1 j h power to calm the irritation of the Frenc character, 00r kindle in the English the warmest feelings of r spect and friendship for their neighbours. bjectf The Times of yesterday had, o n this su • the following paragraph : If ever unanimity prevailed in this country great political question, it is on the expedien e Y 11 . ° d . to duty of taking such measures o may be requi re • t o protect Europe from the horrors of war, and of retile_s ing our policy, ere it be too late, from the dsogeoria which attend a breach with France. To this tin s miter we know of no exception, save in the columnskre Morning Contemporary, which fans and teed' th e by the vehemence and the authority o f its officlai f or clamation. But whilst we have been labouring t°ich ter the wise and dignified spirit of peace, from " the good sense of the English people has not Yet of lowed them to depart, earetully avoid in g all P°', l4 „ a s J, recrimination on the subject both at h ome and air—ert, we can no longer conceal our indignat ion at thelfiir ness and indiffirence of the Government, whic h bl be to throw away the last chances of reconciliation, . 10 , tray the confidence of the public, w hi c h has ,0 , cautiously indulgent to their foreign policy, and to 5 113 0 . the close of their administrative career by then 01°,t estrous catastrophe which could afflict the w rld? h been 6.7 It would, in our estimation, have been m ore coming in the Globe had it pointed out the nrsi part of this paragraph as a proof of the g enera ' and disposition the therefore rwehic likely which exists ts contribute o avoi to so air d awar with F result, and if it had given—a s it surely ought t° have given—a contradiction to the latter part of it t instead of flippantly quizzing l Times. Th e latter journal knows well the drift of es aT ce' le s p ublic • opinion. It is also probably acquainted wit h the course of policy which the Ministers ha ve adopted ; and it has been for some days pi s ' cunningly recommending, as suggestions of its own) e• what it is well assured they have already dnfli The moderation which it praises they hav e evineeu; the readiness to meet the new French Ministriin a spirit of amity which it recommends, they hal : already adopted ; and by and bye, when t he p rese t vation of peace is amply assured, it will claim Ih"; credit of having contributed, by its moderate emii; cils, to that noble end. Its present langusgelist fact, is a warm approbation, by anticipat ion, inis policyicy which, in the end, it will be see n the ters have already acted on. While it b ot h rec c 7 f. mends what is of itself good, and what the IVl , ho ini r ity ters have already done and are doing , its 8,11-0... ought to be used to promote the good, all igBi torted approbation seized on as a j ust ig'iljag the Ministers. time to injure them' It endeavours at the same It complains of their "inertness and indifference; fortni g h whoie t it especially complains " that a to ?foist elapsed after the return of M. GulZol . before the Cabinet condescen ded to . I r l the " Could nothing," it says, h e done In zo . T interval ?" We answer, nothirig. M. (311 1 / 1e and LOUIS PHILLIPE are fully aware of v i ews of our Ministers, and no e vents n transpired to make any alteration in thero,4: authorise any fresh communication to France. si6 to when M. GUIZOT returned to France, it_ form a Ministry. Till the present mom en t re Ministry can hardly be said to be secti.re office. At any rate, it has had no opporturnli.r take up the broken threads of the neg otiatione_ gun by its predecessor. One event indeed has • happened since out , GUIZOT returned to Paris, a most importaot.ee C nte. for words are in some men's mouths greath e!'an' tiers The King of th the e FRENCH has opened the . • A de by a pacific speech. That event require. - 30 , liberation of our Cabinets. England has " 0 :; te of quarrel with France, but the language 01 t " e Tilt French Minister and his warlike preparation's. h some satisfactory assurance from the new Frencl Ministry could be obtained, our Ministers, as 5 appears to us, could make no offers, no alrerati°llA ; : and could do nothing what e v er. No w, the Fre" KING'S speech, giving those assurances, wits ' 3 ! livered on the s th o f Nove mber , and the "ine rt a"; indifferent Ministers " held a Cabinet Coon' i n to cii, no doubt , to take that speech 1 consideration on the 7th of November, ~j° t forty-eight hours after it had been deli eere" at Paris. The accusations of the Times about 01 and indifference are palpably false , thrown otit , 1 ) the old principle recommended by the Pe vi ! throw dirt enough, some of it will stick," ord er , to impose on the ignorant, unthinking pers ons '! " look to see their betters abused in the rinie S.7 There is not the smallest foundation for its absurd charge, and the Globe would have better served the cause both of the Ministers and the country 1 1 showing its falsehood than by ridiculing the. Ti-'_ for correctly expressing the opinio n of the friends off the Ministers, and for warmly p raisin g that rationa and wise policy of preserv in g peace with Frane! which we believe the Minis ters have embraced! The Globe, in taunti n g the Times, has tinform:7, ees. , nately, too, so far forg otten itself as to boast of e , military preparations making against France. The all the dread of Frenchmen—mid rho very source of f the shall say, remembering the combined atterept.9 Allies to put down the first Revolution, that..it unfounded ?--the single sou rce of their_ warlike, fere, n letiding. y o ur, is the report that En gland is a gai ier s the vere iu tr , Oti ` l 4ie th e 4 411 Itla