The Sun. — London, England, 1847-06-10 00:00:00

l b 0 touch better met by making these resolutions apply t 0 n ext sessio n on l y. th e STRUT said that it could not be unjust upon qn th P e a rttes, for there was no implied understanding voiver part of Pa r li ament to grant suc h a power as t h e at t h °f Paying inter es t upon capital, and it was always Mr ' option o f Committees to refuse it. d2IF. ItEDLIE..kD YORKE said there could be no tLit.Ot that the pri nc i p l e was a b a d one , b ut h e th oug ht iZ o i r it was unfair upon those parties who had come v erb ° them in expectatien of the power, and who would Nottials get it uever have come if they did not think they The wit then divided, when there appeared— For the resolution 7O 'or the amendment tr k Majority f ur t h e reso l ut i on —43 c:ause was agreed to. ent alls ° 4 , " That heallcases of application to Parlia r.l33 th' exis t i ng ra i lway compan i es, e i ther f or power to war 'lruct bra nc h es or extensions, or to cuntribute to- Ray," e expense of constructing other lines of rail ad~iti subs , ,ripti on contract fOr three-fourths of such , Shea r'al capital as m a y b e required for these purposes %et, ee given i n, b eyon d the capital aut h or i se d for t 4 Ming lines, an d deposits s h a ll b e d u ly p a id th er eon ; clau se 5 ---" That a clause shall be inserted in every 14 w aY Rill i n th e present and every , future session of s tew l" l ament, prohibiting any railway company from pay 1715aout of the capital which they have been authorised to te n e % the purpose of any existing Act, the deposits Ne e l 'recl by the standing orders to be made for the pur ee- ° f any application to Parliameut fur a Bill for the t.l!truction of another railway,"—were then agreed tu. iio uu clause 6, " That in every Bill of the present ses 'gam rontaining powers of purchase, sale, lease, or aural- ~ I ta7,„ ltti ° l3 , clause shall be inserted prohibiting any 1 1 ,:;Paq from exercising such powers until they shall l i„ e e proved to t h e satisfact i on of t h e R a il way C ommis - Eiz that they h ave p a id u p a nd e xp e nded for the s authori se d b y t h e i r A c t s , a s u m equal to one- I oei a ee the capital authorised to be raised thereby," g proposed, R ODGSON wished to know whether it was to provedfor th that th ere h a d b een paid away in some manner of th e Purposes of the railway a sum equal to one-half tet e whol e cap i tal to be ra i sed i n t h e propose d pro r ~ 14 1 1 4 of the company, as well as equal to one half of ti k tf aieh they w ere a l rea dy a uthorised to raise? 1,1 41 - °, CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said cli t — ta t i o k e elause referred to one-half of the aggregate .nCompany was already authorised to raise. 4 -JDGSON moved that the words " that they n h ave proved to the satisfaction of the Railway -I,74sioners" be omitted. that h e CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said wiisitilheedetrceouleiy uldnot consent to any such amendment, as it desirable that some test should be estab • k *ow ( ' r, B AILEY said that he thought the resolution e; ak a ° Perate most hardly upon all companies, but old hi Pantes. Ve v a'. UUSIE said, that this resolution would have the °f Putting down what was already admitted to be ( lent ft e ,"' n ee- It was a matter of prudence that the pre the-44tera of persons lending their names to companies, aftnizerit4of which they were ignorant, should be pre ‘greear a mere verbal amendment the resolution was T a e th. resolution, v i e .— p hre Vat in future sessions of Parliament ne powers of d IA - 141 4 e, sale, lease, or amalgamation contained I:Jpiet for the construction of a railway."—Agreed to. esolution 8, viz.:— tit/ Al : t at in future sessions of Parliament no powers t_ to th,;%ult,sie, sale, lease, or amalgamation shall be given 13‘„," 'a"way company or companies, unless previeus application to Parliament for such purpose they Cot t h ave proved to the satisfaction of the Railway 2 Oap,,T4 isi oners that they have respectively paid up and ta t 4 sled, for t h e purposes aut h or i se d b y t h e i r Act., a pei_ecleal t o one-half of the capita l aut h or i se d t o b e tbereby, ,, being read, e PreeI;„ IIO DGSON proposed that the words " unle ss 'lfs to their application to Parliament" be omitted. *its a mendm e nt was negatived, and the resolution el greed es la th e lotio n 9. viz., " That no railway company shall Iltath o ",Present or any future session ot Par . li!tment be griged. except for the execution of its original line, rtrarantee interest on any shares which it may issue tR. d i Zing additional capital, or to guarantee any rent, kat ~,- " e n cl to any other railway company, until such 1 4let . ie t i e e nti° °ed company shall have p o stedceml and Ites for traffic its original line."—Agreed . Pres ei ; u tLens 10 and 11, viz., " That in Bills in the t hud -, or nue' future session of Parliament, for the iiikag_amation of Railway Companies, the amount of Ca teed c reated by such amalgamation shall in no case ex , : bou t t.a e S tun of the capitals of the companies so ama „ s -e. l'atij u a lla t in Bills in the present or any future session of r'e Otta se M e m, empowering any railway company to pur to bemadether rail wa y, no a ddi t i on s h a ll be authorised ibe3,oll to the capit a l of the purchasing company, 0 4 4 4 1 the amount of th e capital of the railway pur l' p re j and in case such railway shall be purchased at Shall be no addition on account of such premium 7, k 0 Made to the capital of the purchasing company." 6;ree r esolutions were agreed to. a boui c r k e l SIBTHORP proposed that some resolution of l y ri ue added to these resolutions to regulate the taking 1111 04 1 ',..te Property for railways. He thought companies time th" bound to pay interest for the land from the Pay i n 'L e Y took possession of it, and not as at present to thei r ""erest only when they commenced constructing fir'wsoll's* the-TRUTT explained, that this grievance applied to ~,or i eral Act for t a ki ng l an d. 111: n ee ° business for which the House met being ended, 'louse adjourned till Five o'clock. MAGAZINES (CONTINUED). I Hls PA IRA:IAN. The story of " The Dangerous Guest" is con cluded in this number, and an admirably narrated story it is. The "curious trial" for the month is the trial of the Duchess of Kingston (the far-famed Mics Chudleigh of the court of George the Second), for bigamy, which affords a curious illustration of the lax state of morals among the aristocracy of England, even at so late a period as the year 1776• This num ber also contains, in addition to the annotated obitu ary for the mouth, much useful information in gene alogical and heraldic mutters. VANITY FALL. Part Vl. If Mr. Thackeray were by some unforeseen acci dent to die to-morrow his name would be transmitted down to posterity—not by his Yellowplush Corres pondence, not by his Snob papers, not by his Jearnes's Diary, not even by his Titmarsh Sketches (clever though all these things he. yet they are merely atla giornata), but by his "Vanity Fair." Even should the work never be concluded, the six parts already published would be sufficient to secure him an immortality. He is the Fielding of the nine teenth century. In the opening chapter of this part we find Mrs. Bute Crawley in pos ession at Miss Crawley's, in Park-lane, doing her best to frighten her relation into an illness and an Cteration of her will. In this project she has two useful allies in Briggs, the companion, and Firkin, the ladies' maid, both of whom hate Rawdon Crawley, and whose services she has secured by promises : " Who was the blundering idiot who said that ' fine words butter no parsnips ?' Half the parsnips of so ciety are served and rendered palatable with no other sauce, As the immortal Alexis Sayer can make more delicious soup for a halfpenny than an ignorant cook can concoct with pounds of vegetables and meat, so a skilful artist will make a few simple and pleasing phrases go farther than ever so much substantial bene fit-stock in the hands of a mere bungler. Nay, we know that substantial benefits often sicken some sto machs ; whereas, most will dige::t any amount of fine words, and be always eager for more of the same food. Mrs. Bute had told Briggs and Firkin so often of the depth of her affection for them ; and what she would do if she had hiss Crawley's fortune for friends so excel lent and attached, that the ladies in question had the deepest regard for her ; and felt as much gratitude and confidence as if Mrs. Bute had loaded them with the most expensive favours. " Rawdon Crawley, on the other hand, like a selfish heavy dragoon as he was, never took the least trouble to conciliate his aunt's aides-de-camp, showed his contempt for the pair with entire frankness—made Firkin pill off his boots on one occasion—sent her out in the rain on ignominious messages—and if he :gave her a guinea, flung it to her as if it were a box on the ear. As his aunt, too, made a butt of Briggs, the captain followed the example and levelled his jokes at her—jokes about as delicate as a kick from his charger. Whereas, Mrs. Bate consulted her in matters of taste or difficuity, ad mired her poetry, and by a thousand acts of kindness and politeness, showed her appreciation of Briggs; and if she made Firkin a twopenny halfpenny present, ac companied it with so many compliments, that the two pence-halfp,,nny was transmuted info gold in the heart of the grateful waiting maid, who, besides, was 10-king forwards quite contentedly to some prodigious benefit which must happen to her on the day when Mrs. Bute came into her fortune. Th e different conduct of these two people is pointed out respectrully to the attention of persons commencing in the world. Praise every boAy, I say to such : never be squeamish, but speak out your compliment both point blank in a man's face, and behind his back, ashen you know there is a reasonable chance of his h-aring it again. Never lose a chance of saying a kind word. As Oollingwood never saw a vacant place in his estate but he took an acorn out of his pocket and popped it. in ; so deal with your compliments through life. An acorn costs n:rthing; but it may sprout into a prodigious bit of timber. " In a word, during Rawdon Crawley's prosperity, he was only obeyed with sulky acquiescence ; when his disgrace cane, there was nobody to help or pity him. Whereas, when Mrs. Bute took the command of Miss Crawley's house, the garrison there were charmed to act under 6Uth a leader, .expecting all sorts of promo tion from her promises, her generosity, and her kind words." Mrs. Bute Crawley, however, rather overdoes her part, and Miss Crawley is made really ill, so that to keep her alive it is necessary she should take exercise in the open air. She takes a drive in the Park, and meets Rawdon and Rebecca. Under the guidance of Mrs. Bute, she gives them the cut direct, but Mrs. Bute, afraid to risk any more such interviews, removes her to Brighton, where they are followed by Rawdou and Rebecca. At Brighton the whole dramatis persona of the tale are re-assem bled. George Osborne, contrary to the wishes of his father, but, with the full assistance of Dobbin, has married Amelia Sedly (whose father, the once rich stockbroker, has become bankrupt), and is spend ing the honey-moon at Brighton, where he meets with Rawdon and Rebecca, and where he is soon after joined by Jos. His sisters have made the acquaintance of the rich Miss Swartz (the mulatto pupil at Miss Pinkerton's), and to her old Osborne would fain see George united. George, however, as we said before, has married Amelia, and is in Brighton, at the same inn with Rawdon and Rebecca. t T e h t e n se eac t h wo ot y ne o r u . ng T c h o e upls had marriages e p o l f e e n i t t y her of w t e a r l e es di t s o . cussed; and, their prospects in life canvassed with the greatest fi ankness - and interest on bath sides. George's ma marriage was to be made known to his father by his friend Captain Dobbin; and oungborn;fisscw trembledra rather for tee result of that communication. Craw ley, on whom all Rawdon's hopes depended, still held out. Unable to make an entry into her house in Park lane, her affectionate nephew and niece had followed her to Brighton, where they had em i ssar i es cont i nua ll y planted at her door. "' I wish you could see some of Rawdon's friends who are always about our door,' Rebecca said, laughing, ' Did you ever see a dun, my dear ; or a bailiff and his man? Two of the abominable wretches watched all last week at the greengrocers opposite, and we could not get away until Sunday. If aunty does not relent, what shall we do?' " Rawdon, with' roars of laughter, related= a dozen amusing anecdotes of his duns, and Rebecca's adroit treatara nt of them. He vowed with a great oath, that there was no woman in Europe who could talk a creditor over as she could. Almost immediately after their mar riage her practice had begun, and her husband found the immense value of such a wife. They had credit in plenty, but they had bills also in abundance, and laboured under a scarcity of ready money. Did these debt-difficulTies effect Rawdon's good spirits? No. Everybody in Va nity Fair must have remarked how will those live who are comfortably and thoroughly in debt ; how they deny themselves niehing ; how jolly and easy they are in their m i n ds. Rawdon and his wife had the very best apart ments at the inn at Brighton; the landlord, as he brought in the first dish, bowed before them as to his greatest cue tomera ; and Rawdon abused the dinners and wine with an audacity which no grandee in the land could surpass. Long oust gym, a manly appearance, faultlt ss b ots and e;othes, and a happy fierceness of mant.er, will often help a man as much a, a great balance at the banker's. "The two wedding parties met constantly in each other's apartments. After two or three nights, the gen tlemen of an evening had a little pica - pet, as their wives sate and chatted apart. This pastime, and the arrival Joe Sedfey, who made his appearance in his grand open carriage, and who played a few games at billiards with Captain Crawley. replenished R twdon's purse s omewhat, and gave him the benefit of that ready money for which the greatest spirits are sometimes at a stand still. "So the three gentlemen walked down to see the MR. O'CONNELL'S FUNERAL. THE " YOUNG IRELAND" PARTY. bIIIILIN, JUNE B.—The Council of the Irish. Confede tetion met yesterday; William Smith O'Brien; Esq., tt the chair. The CHAIRMA N stated, th a t h av i ng h ear d t h at Mr. O'Connell's family were desirous that the members of t he Irish Confederation should not attend the funeral of rr o • O'Connell, he had thought it right to address the iloviing letter to Mr. John O'Connell " 4, Westland-row, June 7. 4!` My dear O'C onae ll,—A s I s hould be very reluctant bo take any part i n reference to t h e f unera l o f your ented father which may not be acceptable to his NrY, shall feel obliged if you would let me know th ether it is their wish that those who dissented trom 14 1:°l icY adopted by the Repeal Association during the twelve months should attend the funeral. ion should not have deemed it necessary to istrouble 4 p ith this inquiry, if I had not learned that itthe ie ea stop of some of my friends that Mr. O'C onnell's f t : l 3' desire that none of those who are called the aiee_ Un g l lreland ' party should be present on the remain yours very faithfully, " WILLIAM S. O'BRIEN. it A O'Connell, Esq." yousn il our council meets to day at three o'clock, perhaps r w ill kindly forward an early reply." tew egrettel to say that he hao received the following Y from Mr. Maurice O'Connell : St I , " 30, M.rrion-square South, June 7. tidtar:Zaurice O'Connell presents his compliments to O'Brien, and begs to say that his brother, (Pli r • cl un O'Connell, having submitted to him Mr. Smith tl iat let es letter of this morning's date, it becomes his fo z . ) ;, in reply to inform him, that all arrangements %blue f uneral having been entrusted to the Glasnevin ete rY Committee and the Rev. Dr. Miley, the family It t e i . B v it entirely in their hands." tiq b Brien stat e d th a t h e did not d es i re t o sug gest D i A r rours e to the council in connexion with this corres fedee4ce, as he thought that each member of the Con rationh, ought to act upon the occasion in accordance 4 1 . 1 . 4 own sense of propriety ; but for his part he in ed from Mr. M. O'Connell's letter that it is the wish t he family that he should not attend the funeral. After some further business the council adjourned. JOYAL BOTANIC SOCILTY, REGENT'S-PARIC.—The ib f lents and owers or some time announcb o 81 society , ac took place y e sterda y, and was honoured b y the y presence of several distinguishd visitors. His Royal High gess Prince Albert, attended by Colonel Bouverie, w as re teived at an early hour by the President, the Duke of Nor klk. The arrival of the Prince was soon after follow ed by tkat of their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Due o f d C ambridge, and the Hereditary Grand Duke and Gran Weimar and suite. The weather was very ....1111.;11aessndotfheSagIareden,.s_twn-errse consequently thronged to excess 'lt number of Nisi present being far greater than on r: l 7 former occasion. The bands of the Ist and 2d Life nards and of the Royal Horse Guards (Blue) were in at .,,,"enedance, and exerted all their efforts to enliven the scene. 11.'141...collection of plants consisted principally of pelargo• 11,T; chiefly contributed by Messrs. Cock, of Chiswick, of Isl ewor th, G a i nes o f Battersea, Catleugh of Chelsea, 1,74 1 ie5. Robi nson , C o y s h, a nd Barker. Of orchideous col imi°,4l_B! by M essrs , R uc k er , Blandy, Rollison, and Warner, st. o „: each of Exeter. Of large miscellaneous collections of M r. p al ld greenhouse plants, by Lady _ Antrobus, Miss Trail, totiessreraser and Mr. Cook; and or roses, contributed by Paul, Lane, Francis, and Lee. The flowers n? ea h •:„.1 departments were abundant, and in high perfection. rls OSPITA.L FOR CONSUMPTION.—The anniversary for 1; 41 . in comm moration of the new building or hospital diu reception of the patients now labouring under the n T av a e , s e of consumption, was held last evening at the Lo e n e d c o n. Pie t f e rli c His Royal Highness the oasts of Cambri d ge 4ov 143 chair. After the usual t had been given, his ci 4t rx a t : Righness stated that he had visited the hospital. an th er i a ne When his presence was not expected, and . he was ilicefore better able to form a correct judgment of its ma ltiridnjent and efficiency. It was the only hospital of the their 41 this country, a tact which should induce them to lend l wits best assistance to its support. The building of a chap! W aanot contemplation, but, from the want of funds, at Rim; an adverted carry out the undertaking. His R . oy: tutlo i i -ess ,„ then to the vast utility of such an instt from a Medical science, and referred to a letter received fro m arm% whose son had died in the hospital, but who, e ceased V i r d ea t kindness and attention bestowed upon his dle health c o .'"' w i P in some degree consoled for his loss. 1 ruitte e s i f A ll ,c is kvpyal Highness, the Vice-Presidents, the Cornd the St:? ''' a nagement, the Medical officers, the Ladies, an k AD ,"Warde, successively followed, and the meeting bro k e ra gt : l t '• a late hour. The demands of this charity were last 2 .580/ r l °re generally recognised than heretofore, nearly e te t ? i i i t g iv co a l s le f e o t u e n a d i eidi furtherance of the important 0 f°r Zhl • .111 12 th PES T or Mica.—The damage done by mice 41144 : Corn stacks this year is itnnicnse, amounting tßp t 4 t : to a Plague. A neighbour of mine hit upon an %qv _ lent last autumn of destroying a great numbor, ' eh was this :—" After wheat sowing, he found a 6rkat c i t tautity wery in the fields, and earl-) ing the seed "rn 41 47 , 1 w "C" itol , s. t.l,e fltatqultt 1;0 re,opl. 1 1 ,4 ch. '....t , i at %. Cai t W,ttorMir test to t.{.l olOor iii ND, to give Itcl r •no;.her Lightning coach come in. Punctual to the minute, the coach, crowded inside and out, the guard blowing his accustomed tune on the horn—the Lightning came tear ing down the street, and pulled up at the coach-office. " Hullo 1 there's old Dobbin," George cried, quite delighted to see his old friend perched on the roof ; and whose promist d visit to Brighton had been delayed until now. How are you. old fellow ? Glad you're come down. Emmy 'll be delighted to see you,' Osborne said, shaking his comrade warmly by the hand, as soon as his descent from the vehicle was effected—and then he added, in a lower and agitated voice, What's the news ? Have you been in Russell squarl ? What does the governor say ? Tell me everything.' " Dobbin looked very pale and grave. 'l've seen your father, said he. How's Amelia— Mrs. George ? I'll tell you all the news presently ; but I've brought the great news ; and that is— "' Out with it, old fellow,' George said. " We're ordered to Belgium. All the army goes — Guards and all. Heavy top's got the gou . t, and is mad at not being able to move. O'Dowd goes , tn command ; and we embark from Chatham nest week. " This news of war could not hut ceme with a shock upon our lovers, and caused all t hese g entlemen to look serious." THE COMIC HISTORY OF E.NGLA No. XII. Merrily does Mr. a'Beckett take us through the earlier part of the reign of Henry VIII. He relates that "sad affair of the late Queen" (Katherine) with great gusto, tells of the magnificence and fall of WulseY , curl of the rise of Cromwell and Cranmer, and concludes with this reflection. " The contemplation of so much hypocri s y , in such high quarters, having put us so thor ou g hl y out of patience that we are unable to proceed, we break off here with the remark, that tergiversation and treachery have ever been common among e ven the highest in ra nk, and so we fear they will continue to be until—ha !ha I -THE END OF THE CHAPTER." RISTOI 3 HER TADPOLE. Albert Smith improves with each sucueding numbt , r. All the chlnxters are ip.;cv fully dt-veloped, irrl the i , li.),ynera,ies (.ach are a,ltyir,ibly pre served. In the first chapter Palav is conducted hy Skittler to Professor Fandango's Temple of Terpsi chore. It is arranged that she sh a ll become his pupil fop six month:, becoming an extra imaiediately at one of the th , atres, and devoting an hour every dly to the mysteries of tuition. She her ext.,r- „, lint - ting ::' llP 'd Pau' s, . „ .. , : t.' tiv ( 4 s , , , t ,',”" 'at ' cv.-ry h.:le he coula tin,,, :,.‘, 1 . 113 gum _ ; 17, , ,..,us will , . no lungvr L...v . .,11, art. E; ii . to wis his would "V Mi t . ..--'' '',"' Kined bout twenty dozpu. , id,-. a F. üb,titute, zw.l i, :wing, ennvashed thk rep etive Ini,ve bred is Lealeuntbha ; the rs.sult 3 , 444 stacks were but little injured d 1 merits of dancing dogs, performing monkeys, and NUN"*th d • compare tvi a —A,grieultural Gazette. fantoccini Punch, comic singing, and gymnastics, l;~. ~y~ ,: M ~; '1: they finally decide in favour of conjuring. Mrs. Hamper succeeds in again fastening herself on the Gudges. They decide on ascending the Great St. Bernard the ladies to proceed via char -a-bane, NS hile Gudge and Christopher are to pedestrianize. Gudge loiters behind, and at length loses his way and gets into the lower morgue, or dead-house of the convent, where he is greatly frightened by the ghastly appearance of the bodies of those who have perished on the mountain. In his terror he falls into a mountain-stream, and is with great difficulty preserved by Christopher, who draws him to a rock at the bottom of a ravine, where, breathless and exhausted, they both sink to the ground. Gudge is horror-stricken at the prospect of death; he exhibits himself a most abject coward. He is on the point of revealing to Christopher the mystery of his birth, and the manner in which he (Gudge) has wronged him, when they are rescued by the monks and dogs, and brought to the Hospice. Poor Bessy Payne gets into a sad scrape, and Sir Frederick takes Fanny Hamper to the ball at Richmond. Bessy accompanies them, according to the rash promise she had given. She has been obliged to refuse to accompany Sprouts to Vauxhall, vs ho is dreadfully indignant at the order, which he had obtained with much difficulty, being lost, and still more at the secresy which Bessy is obliged to preserve as to her intended exhibition, and parts for the first time in anger. Fanny escapes easily from the school, and enjoys the ball, but on her return to Bellfield House is re ceived by the stately Mrs. Sadler, who has discovered her absence. Sir Frederick abandons her in the most heartless manner, and drives back Bessy to London. Sprouts has spent a miserable and restless night, and at past five o'clock sees Bessy get out of a cab driven by a gentleman. " When she saw him she uttered an exclamation of fear, and raised her hands in an attitude of supplication. But Tom caught her firmly by the arm, and in his terrible pas sion a word escaped his lips that he often and often afterwards would have given worlds to have recalled —a terrible word, that made poor Bessy shriek with terror as she heard it, and then fall tainting at her own door, white and senseless as marble." There is an additional engraving also, in return fur the one which was deficient last month. 'MA PLOUGH. This useful periodical affords more than the usual quantity of valuable information to agriculturists, and others interested in farming pursuits in the pre sent number. There are articles on the cultivation of cabbages, of rape or cote, beet, carrots, parsnips, &c., from which even the practical working farmer will find his knowledge increased, and an ample return for his outlay. The great article, how ever, is that on the " Improvement of Waste Lands in Irelani," by Professor Donaldson, which will possess the greatest interest for every philanthropist and well-wisher of the Emerald Isle at this the season of her sore distress. The Professor boldly states that the evils of Ireland are not political, but social, and that physical comforts are the first things that can advance civilisation and render a people happy—that a human being must he fed and clothed before he can be taught ; and, consequently, a healthy and nutritious diet for the sustentation of the body and mind is the first and most essential requisite in every consideration of human affairs. Impressed with these principles, and convinced that the people have an interest and indefeasible right, that is paramount to the proprietor's right of purchase and occupancy, to be maintained by the soil on which they live, the Learned Gentleman proceeds to develop his plan of practical improvement—a plan which, if carried into execution, would lead to the regeneration of Ireland, and the happiness and prosperity of her children. This plan is of the most comprehensive character. The first point is by intersecting the country with a judiciously and well-selected system of railways and tram ways, by which a free communication, a ready access, and the means of easy transit from one part of the country to another, may be provided. The next important step is by the formation of river beds and water-courses, on which proper sites for the use of machinery in mills should be chosen. Every facility for the drainage of the lands will thus be given. The Professor selects from 50 to 400 acres as the size of the farms that should be allotted. He then proceeds through the various proceedings, the location of the farm-buildings, the erection of dwellings, the enclosing of the land, and the improvement of the soil, on each of which points he offers valuable suggestions. He further desires that no less than two shillings should be paid as the daily wages of labour, and that, in order to enforce that regulation, the Government should retain the proprietorship of the improved lands. Hav ing stated his plan for the support of the people in physical comforts, he adds his views as to the best mode of making provision for their secular education and religious instruction. The number will he found in every respect a good one, and the article to which we have alluded well worthy of the most patient pe rusal and attentive consideration from men of every class and position in society. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. lIAMP lON RACES—WEDNESDAY. The hill of fare for the first day promised good fields for the two principal events, and, although the money added did not make any deep inroad into the race-fund, the sport, on the whole, was not mute) inferior to what is usually witnessed on MOulsey Hurst ; it was no slight recommendation to the lovers of fair and legitimate racing, that there was only one stake in heats. The attendance was good for a fist day, and, there can be no question that, with such favourable weather, it would have been much greater had the managers taken the trouble to inform the public, not merely when the races would take place, but what they were to consist of, of which matters, nine out of ten, who were present yesterday, were profoundly ignorant until they reached the course. It is not less clear that owners of horses would have been better pleased, and the entries would have been more numerous, had the additions to the plates been on a more lib, ral scale ; the stands and carriages are productive, and a fair per tentage on the receipts might have been applied to this purpose with good effect on the spot, and with ultimate benefit to the givers. We have below given all neces sary details of the runring. It will be recollected that GI Ty, who was a great " pet" for the handicap, ran out in making the turn, and thereby floored his backers; a good deal of money had b,en laid out on him, not only on the course, but in town. The favourites were also beaten in the amateur race, and in the plate race Mr. Payne's horse spoilt what appeared to be a good shing," by running over a post in the early part of the race. Thin contretemps gave the prize to the Duke of Beaufort's mare, anti brought the sports to an " untimely end " at five o'clock. The Surrey and Middlesex Stakes of 20 sous. each, 10 ft, and 5 oily it declared ; with 50 added; the seco:id saves his stake. Two miles. (46 Subs., 26 of whom pay 5 sous. each.) Sir li. Fleetwood's Forest Flower, 5 yrs, 6st 71b (J. Sharp) Mr. Elwes's Messenger, 4 yrs, 6st 121 b, carried 75t... 2 3 Mr. Liley's Glory, 4 yrs, 7 st 81 b The following also started, but were not placed : Mr. Death' Misdeal, Mr. Worley's Ilead.man, Mr. T. Parr's Rosin the Beau, Colonel Anson's Don Caesar, Mr. Winch's Jumble. Betting-3 to 1 agst Glory, 3to 1 agst Rosin the Beau, 5 to 1 agst Misdeal, 7 to 1 agst Forest Flower, and 10 to 1 agst any other. Jumble jumped off with the lead, waited on by Glory and Misdeal, Messenger last, but all laid up. They ran in this way, at a moderate pace, to the upper turn, in making which all went out, except Messenger, who thus obtained a decided lead, followed by Rosin the Beau, Forest Flower, &c., Glory and Don Ca3sar joined near the bottom of the course, where the running was taken up by Rosin the Beau, Glory, and Forest Flower, Messenger laying up with him. The Beau was beaten at tho distance, and Forest Flower took the lead, which she kept to the end, winning cleverly by half a length, Messenger beating Glory at the last by the same, Don Cae,ar a bad fourth. Run in 3 min. 42 sec. The Corinthian Stakes of 10 soya. each, 5 ft, and 25 added, once round and dis. The winner to be sold for 2001., &c. (18 Subs.) Mr. P. P. Roll's Spectator, aged, list 41b ...(Owner) 1 Mr. Nicoll's Cameleopard, 5 yrs, list 81b 2 Mr. Mostyn's Draco, 4 yrs, lOst 71b 3 Count Batthyany's Master Stepney, 5 yrs, Ilst 81b 4 Mr. Elwes's Chemise, 5 yrs, llst 81b 5 Lord Strathmore's Lyons, 5 yrs, 1 Ist Sib 6 Betting-5 to 2 each agst Lyons and Master Stepney, and 4 to 1 each agst Spectator and Cameleopard. Master Stepney was the first to make play, but was passed by Chemise at the upper turn, atel Went on in waiting on her in company with Spt stator. This lot remained in front to the straight t tinning, where Spec tator went in advance, was never after yards caught, and won easy, by two lengths. Cameleopard anti i)raco came at the last, and obtained the steontl and tit-rd places. Master Stepney fourth, well up. Run in 3 min. 10 sec. The Railway Plate of 20 soya., given by tl.e South- Western Railway, added to a Sweepstake. of 5 sous. each, for three yrs old, ist 71b ; four, Bst 10lb ; five, 9st 31b ; six, and aged, 9st 71b ; mares, &e. ailowed 3lhs ; the winner to be sold for 2001., &tee Heats, once round and a dist. (Five Subs.) Duke of Beaufort's fby Assassin, 3 yrs (J. Sharpe) 1 1 Sir J Heatheote's fby Astracan, 3 yrs Mr. Smith's br cby Muley Moloch, 3 yrs Mr. Payne's Marquis of Conyngham, 4 yrs . Mr. Drew's Cameo, 4 yrs dis. Ist heat-6 to 4 agst Assassin filly, and 2to 1 agst Marquis of Conyngham, won by half a length. 2d ht —Even on Marquis of Conyngham, and 5 to 4 agst As sassin filly, won by five lengths. CURE FOR THE POTATO DISEASE.—The Rift rme ,tares that M. Rader, a farme , , near Poictiers, has cotn ple!eiy ice., , ecied m iireerving hi. , potato crop from the pre vailing malady by plaFmg a handful of common salt on each portion of eed. A similar experiment has been tried at Thanu, in the de . w . triment of the Upper Rhine, with equal 6uccess, by M. IN linen, a chemist. In the latter case twenty five potatoes, which were planted in the same field in the usual way, produced a crop which became diseased in a short time after arriving at maturity. g, of t Hon. the Howe of Commons a;), THE littUSF OF CommoNs.—Some returns moved by Mr. Brotherton, Lint Lincoln, and Mr. Estcourt, have beau It appears that durin : were 76 divisions on public matters, 61 betore, and 15 after the divisions, the !ir , t::3' aud that midnight. lady INTERVENTION IN PORTUGAL. We take the following documents from an immense blue hook published yesterday:— VISCOUNT PALMERSTON TO SIR HAMILTON SEYMSIIR. Foreign-office, April sth. 1847. Sir,—Her Majesty's Government have taken into their deliberate consideration the application which the Go vernment of Perzugal has made to the Powers who were parties to the Treaty of Quadruple Alliance in 1834 for assistance under the stipulation of that treaty; and I hive to instruct you to state to the Portuguese Minister for Foreign Affair:, that after the most attentive exami nation of the grounds upon which that application ha s been founded, her Majesty's Government cannot per suade themselves that either the letter or the spirit of the Quadruple Treaty can justly be deemed applicable to the state of things now existing in Portugal. The treaty of 1834 was concluded for two purposes. The first purpose was to put an end to a war in regard to the succession to the crown of Portugal, which had then been wa g ed for som e ti me b e t wee n the Emperor Don Pedro, who contended for the rights of her present Majesty, Maria 11., and the Infanta Don Miguel, who had usurped the throne. The second purpose of that treaty was of a similar kind, wanely, to expel from the Peninsula the Infante Don Carlos, who disputed with her present Majesty, Isabella 11., the succession to the clown of Spain. Both Don Miguel and Don Carlos were at the time within the territory of Portugal, and at the bead of troops armed and organized for the purpose of support ing by force the pretensions of these two Princes. Questions of disputed succession have always been wherever interests arising,of f o reign states deemed matters which m i g ht j us tly b e considered as involving the questions,nd in political Europe have from tim e t o t i me , accor di n g as their inter ests impelled them, held th emse l ves a t liberty to take an such active part. the Powers of Spain and Portugal had in 1834 a common interest in regard to those matters ; and Great Britain and France thought it also conformable with their political views to unite with Spain and Pot tugal for the expulsion of the two Infantes from the Peninsula. But when both the Infantes were finally so expelled, the letter of the stipulations of the treaty, and of its addi tional articles was, as regards armed interference in the affairs of the Peninsula, entirely and completely fulfilled. If, however, either Don Miguel should re-appear in Portugal, or Don Carlos in Spain, with a view to put forward again, and support by force of arms, their respective pretensions, the spirit of the Quadruple Treaty would certainly be applicable to such a case ; and it would be fitting that the four Poem who were parties to that treaty should, in such an event, enter into a concert, with a view to frame new articles applicable to what might be the then existing state of things. But Don Miguel is not in Portugal ; nor has there been any insurrection worthy of account in his name and in support of his pretensions to the crown. The civil war which has now unhappily for nearly six months afflicted Portugal has not sprung from the pre tensions of Don Miguel, nor did it originate with his partisans ; it arose from very different causes, and among a very different party. The contest does not turn upon the question who shall be Sovereign of Portugal, but upon the question who shall be the responsible Ministers of the Crown in Por tugal, and by what principles of administration the country shall be govt reed. These questions are widely different from questions of dynasty and succession. These questions are purely domestic in their bearing, and with them foreign Powers, except in very extreme cases, cannot he entitled to interfere. And, although it is certainly laid down by writers on the law of nations, that when civil war is regularly established in a country, mid when the nation is divided into conflicting armies and opposing camps, the two parties in such war may be dealt with by other Powers as if they were two ,eparate communities, and that such other Powers may take part with one side or the other, according to their sympathies and interest:, .just as they might in a war between se parate and independent nations ; yet the cases in which such interference would be justifiable are rare, and it is better and safer in general to leave each nation to decide for itsellupon questions which relate to its own internal organization and interests. If, therefore, on the one hand, her Majesty's Govern ment do not think themselves justly called upon, in virtue of the stipulations of the Quadruple Treaty, to interfere in the civil war now going on in Portugal, neither, on the other hand, do they deem it consistent with the general principles which have invariably guided the policy of Great Britain in regard to such matters, to afford unconditionally to the Queen of Por tugal direct assistance for the purpose of coercing that part of the Portuguese nation which is now in armed re sistance to her Majesty's authority. But the British Government, adverting to the close connexion which ancient treaties have established be tween the Crowns of Great Britain and Portugal, and bearing in mind the many and great interests by means of which the relations of commerce have knitted to gether the two countries, cannot see with indifference the calamitous condition to which the continuance of the civil war is fast reducing the Portuguese nation, and cannot but feel the most ardent desire to make every possible effort to co-operate in bringing that war to an end. Her Majesty's Government do not assume to them• selves the right or the competency to pass judgment upon the events which occasioned the outbreak of this civil war; but, seeing how long it has continued, what divisions it has created amongst all classes of the people, and considering, moreover, how large a portion of the nation has taken a part in it, they are clearly of opinion that these troubles cannot be finally or permanently quelled by mere force of arms; and that even if the Queen were to be enabled by foreign aid to put down for the moment all open resistance to her authority, still no permanent tranquillity could be hoped for in Portugal unless the causes of discontent which have led to this outbreak, and which have for so many months kept the insurrection alive, should by the exercise of her Majesty's royal authority be removed. It seems, therefore, to her Majesty's Government that the wisest course which the Queen of Portugal can pur sue is to make known to the insurgents her gracious intentions for the future, and formally to call upon them to lay down their arms, and to return to their allegiance to the crown. It appears that the intentions of the Queen of Por tugal in this respect are such as befit a generous and enlightened Sovereign, desirous of healing the divisions which afflict her people, and of reuniting all classes and parties of her subjects in loyal attachment to her person end throne. But it seems that her Majesty has been prevented from acting upon the impulse of her own judgment by the objections which have been made to such a course by the Marshal Saldanha, who has declared his determi nation to resign his command of the army of operations unless the Queen shall persist in endeavouring to put down the revolt by force of arms. This determination of Marshal Saldanha, of which it is not necessary for her Majesty's Government to say what they think, no doubt places the Queen of Portugal in great embarrass ment; because, while on the one hand it is scarcely pos sible for her to furnish Marshal Saldanha with the mili tary means alien would be necessary to enable him to finish the civil war in the way in which he insists upon adopting, on the other hum it might be difficult for her Majesty to find any other commander who would equally enjoy the confidence of the troops, if the continued re sistance of the Junta should render further operations . 1 necessary. In this state of things the British Government, mindfu, of the ancient alliance between the British and Portu guese Crowns, is induced to step forward and to offer its assistance to her Most Faithful Majesty. The Queen of Portugal is desirous of making known to her revolted subjects at Oporto the gracious and benevolent intentions which she is prepared to carry into execution, as soon as they shall have returned to their duty. Marshal Saldanha refuses to make that communication. Her Majesty's Government will, if desired, instruct Colonel Wylde to repair immediately . to Oporto for the purpose of making it. Marshal Saldanha declares that he is unable to compel the Junta to accept any terms, however reasonable, of submission. Her Majesty's Government are prepared, if the Junta should refuse the reasonable arrangements which the Queen intends to make known to them, to enter into concert with the Governments of France and Spain, in order to settle the best means of affording to her Most Faithful Majesty such effectual assistance as may enable her to re-establish internal tranquillity in her dominions. The arrangements which her:Majesty's Government understand the Queen of Portugal as having determined to carry into effect immediately upon the submission of the Junta, are the following:— First,—A full and general amnesty for all political offences committed since the beginning of October last; and an immediate recal of all persons w ho, s ince that time, have been sent out of Portugal for political reasons. Secondly,—An immediate revocation of all the decrees which have been issued since the beginning of October last, and which infringe upon, or conflict with, the esta blished law and constitution of the kingdom. Thirdly,—A convocation of the Cortes as soon as the elections, which are to take place without delay, shall have been completed. Fourthly,—The immediate appointment of an Ad ministration, composed of men not belonging to the party of the Cabrals, nor being members of the Oporto Junta. If her Most Faithful Majesty will formally empower t authorise to r 0 the by you to authorise Colonel Wylde to r e p a i r to Oporto, and to announce to the Junta that it is her firm determina tion to carry these me asures in to execution, pr ov id e d they shall immediate l y la y down their arms and submit to also empowe e to aae instructedte Colonel Wy Ide, if he should find the Jlrita hesitat e as to the he h r er authority, i‘iajesty y a o u Government a een . d course Junta, which i n th e they first shouldpla place, that pursue, these intention s of the Queen of Portugal havi n g b o intimate and im i officer, the Crown of Portugal ; eclared tho ug h a B r i t i s h is bound to that of Great . Britain to fulfil them with good faith; and, secondly, that if the Junta should still continue the civil war, after baying been informed of these the gracious intentions of their Quten, the British Government will concert with the Governtnents of France and of Spain the best means of affording effectual assistance to the Qa(-en of Porto oti. It teing always, however, to be clearly understood be tween the British and Portuguese Governments, that if such concert should become necessary, and if the revolt should be put down by the measures so to be concerted, the Queen of Portugal would equally carry into effect all the above-mentioned arrangements, on the termina tion of the insurrection, except as regards the application the anl. ty , to tilos persoi a who tnigta th,ti hey' d to ~arry on the civil war. 11, r Mal ‘'sty 'it G o vernment, however, can t ntertain it 11:Ctl, tint and generous ii,teutiolis avf F.. 1111111 Majesty are wade known by Colonel Wylde to the Junta, that body will gratefully accept the communication, and the civil war will at once be termi nated, without further effusion of Portuguese blood, and without further destruction of Portuguese property; and, if such should be the result, her Majesty's Government will derive the sincorust and most heartfelt pleasure from having been instrumental in bringing to pass so happy an event. You are instructed to read this dispatch to the Por tuguese Minister for Foreign Affairs, and you will give him a copy of it, in order that he may the better be able to bring under the consideration of his colleagues the communication which it contains.—l am, &c., PALNIERSTON. VISCOUNT PALMERSTON TO SIR HAMILTON SEYMOUR. Foreign-office, April 5, 1847. Sir,—With reference to my other dispatch of this date I have to state, that if there should be any hesita tion as to adopting the arrangement therein proposed, ou will employ all the arguments which 3 our own re flections and your knowledge of the condition of the country and of the state of parties will naturally suggest. If the Portuguese Government should consent to adopt the plan of proceeding which her Majesty's Government have proposed, it is essentially necessary that you should have some written record of her Must Faithful Majesty's intentions, as set forth in my other dispatch, before Colonel Wylde sets out for Lisbon; because it would be in the highest degree improper that a British officer should be the bearer of such an announcement to the Junta, unless the Queen of Portugal had previously pledged herself to the British Government on the matters in question in such a manner as to make it impossible for any of her Ministers, officers, and advisers after wards to break or evade any part of the engagement so contracted towards her Majesty's Government. The four conditions which are enumerated in my other dispatch seem to her Majesty's Government to provide for everything (with one exception, which I shall presently advert to) which any reasonable Portuguese could expect or wish for. A general and full amnesty is the usual sequel of' the termination of a civil war, in which large numbers of men of various classes have taken part; because to punish all would in such cases be impossible, and to select par ticular indivi,luals for punishment would, as savouring more of personal vengeance than of even-handed justice, be useless as an example and impolitic as a measure of administration. Such an amnesty, however, would of course not prevent the Queen from removing to the half pay list such of the commissioned officers of the regular arwy now serving with the Junta as she might not wish to:retain on full pay; nor ought it to prevent the Queen from removing, if she should think fit to do so, any mu nicipal or other civil officers who have taken part in the revolt, and who hold their offices during pleasure from the ',Crown; but there may he some persons falling within this description who have followed the stream in Mace's i❑ which they were employed, without having been party leaders, and whom it may net be necessary or useful to remove. The recal of all persons sent out of the kingdom is a measure of indispensable necessity. The persons to whom this measure would apply are the Torres Vedras prisoners and the Duke of Pa!melte. It is needless to dwell upon the reasons which make it indispensably necessary that the Torres Vedras pri soners should be brought back without the least delay. With regard to the Duke of Pa'melts, it is to be ob served, that he was sent out of the kingdom without having been guilt) or even accused of any offence ; that the mann, r in which the order was given him was calcu lated to wound his feel ngs deeply, and is known to have done so. But the Duke of Palmella, from his rank, his political station, and his ample fortune, is a person of considerable importance in the country; and it is be lieved that the great body of the Portuguese nobility resent very much the treatment a hich he has expe rienced. An invitation to the Duke of Palmella to return, or a summons to him to resume his place in the Chamber of Peers, would on this account be politic as well as just. The immediate re-establishment of the ordinary law, and of the constitution of the country, is too obviously necessary to require to be enforced by any argument, and not a day should be lost alter the submission of the Junta in revoking all the unconstitutional edicts which have been issued since the resignation of the Palmella Administration. The sooner the Cortes can be convoked the better : not a constituent assembly, but the ordinary Cortes, ac cording to the charter as it was in force before the change of Ministry on the 6th of October ; and the elec tions should take place as soon as the insurgent forces are disbanded, and the Queen's municipal officers have been re-established in their proper authority in every part of the country. The immediate appointment of an administration which, if it cannot command the confidence of the country (and, divided as the nation is, this could be hardly expected of any men), may yet not excite its distrust, appears to be a measure of the most urgent necessity, even if the civil war was to go on, and no cormeunication with the Junta was to take place. It is easier for her Majesty's Government to say what men ought not to form part of such administration, than to suggest the names of those who might properly compose it. It is manifest that! none of the Cabral party and no members of the Oporto Junta should, in the present state of things, be appointed to office. I have said, in the earlier part of this dispatch, that there is one arrangement which seems indispensable, but which is not mentioned in my public dispatch of this date ; and that is, the departure of M. Dietz from Lisbon. Unless M. Dietz leaves Portugal, all other arrangements, and all attempts to reconcile the Court and the discontented part of the nation, will be vain; and Colonel Wylde must not, under any circum stances. leave Lisbon for Oporto until M. Dietz has em barked and sailed for England. His departure is a sine qua non condition of any step whatever on the part of her Majesty's Government to interfere in any way in the affairs of Portugal. It is needless to explain the well-known reasons which render this condition indis pensable. If Colonel Wylde is sent to Oporto, it is desirablethat he should go thither by sea in one of her Majesty's ships of war. He would in that manner appear at Oporto more entirely as the representative of the British Government and the organ of the Government at Lisbon than if he entered Oporto from the camp of Marshal Sandanha. He would of course communicate with Mar shal Saldanha, as occasion might require, after his arrival at Oporto. If it should be urged, as an objection to the course recommended by the British Government, that it would lead to the resignation of Marshal Saldanha, you will observe that, according to this plan, that resignation would become comparatively unimportant; because, if the Junta submit, any general may be competent to command an army which, in that ease, will have no military operations to perform; and if the Junta persist in resistance, the concert which will follow between the Queen of Portugal's allies will render the task of her general so light and so easy that there are several offi- cers in her service who would be competent to perform it. It is most probable that the Junta will gladly accept the communication to be made to them; but, even if some portion of the Junta should be for holding out, there can be no doubt that many of the leading men among them, and the great majority cf their followers, bill declare themselves satisfied with the announced arrange ments. _ _ _ But the Court may demur. This is scarcely probable. You will in that case respectfully, but firmly, represent the desperate condition of the country, and the hope lessness of a successful and permanent termination of the civil war by any means within their present com mand. But it once their Majesties could be rescued from the advisers by whom their better judgments are now shackled and controlled, and if they could be left to the guidance of their own sound sense, and good understandings, and just feelings, even without the aid of a Ministry more worthy than the present of their confidence, no doubt can be entertained that they would gladly avail themselves of an offer which, while it would maintain unimpaired the honour and dignity of the Crown, would restore peace and tranquillity to their dominions, and save the nation which they govern from great and otherwise inevitable calampitiL—lßintst.3rreo.,s. VISCOUNT PALMERSTON TO THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF THE ADMIRALTY. (Extract.) Foreign-office, May 22, 1847. I transmit for your information a copy of the protocol of a conference which was held at this office yesterday by the Plenopotentiaries of Great Britain, Franco, Spain, and Portugal, and I have to signify to your Lordships the Queen's commands that instructions should be given to Sir William Parker in accordance therewith. It is an olject of much political importance that upon every occasion in which any naval operation, however trifling, may be undertaken, the French and Spanish naval flag should, if possible, accompany the British, in order that such public manifestation of the agreement of the three Governments may, by its moral effect, dd to the impression which any such op era ti on ma y of it itself be calculated to produce. Sir William Parker will be the best judge of the man ner in which, when your Lordships' instructions reach him, be can best give effect to the intentions of her Majesty's Government; and it is the opinion of her Majesty's Government that the fulfilment of their inten tions cannot be better secured than by leaving the man ner of carrying them into effect entirely to the discretion of Sir William Parker. But his attention might be directed to the expediency of immediately taking pos session of the steamers and other vessels now in the service of the Junta, and of delivering over those steamers and othi•r vessels to the Queen's Government ; and Sir William Parker might also be desired to con sider the practicability of dislodging the troops of the Viscount Sa Bandeira from Satuval, either by an attack from the sea-side, combined with a movement by the Queen's troops on the land front, or by a single attack by the ships of war. It would, moreover, be desirable that the blockade of Oporto should without loss of time be rendered effective. The: ships of Great Britain, France, and Spain cannot, indeed, according to the law of nations, be employed in actually enforcing that blockade, by turning away mer chant vessels, either going in or coming out. That function must be performed by the ships of war of the Queen of Portugal; but the British ships which may be off the port ma.; be of use in keeping the Per t ti“ uese blechading force upon its proper ground. It is probable that a Spanish force will advance from Salamanca, and descend along the right bank of the Douro, in order to co-operate with the force under Mar stud Saldanha of the left bunk, and thus to cut off from Oporto the supplies which that city now draws from the productive country to the north of it. There seems reason to expect that if this operation is properly executed by land, and if the bl.eknde is effec. Roily enforced by t fp:I.:0 will t 1 ion! , 13;` tO surrender tat of suprlies, ac id Ll odshed. But 111, - • d bleb Government is now about to assume in regard to the civil ear, by reason of Great Bfitain engaging in active interference in that war, in concert with Trance and Spain, instead of remaining, as she had hitherto done, a passive s?ects,tor of events, may altar the conduct of the Junta or of the populace of Oporto towards British resi dents in shat city, and it will be necessary, therefore, that immediate steps should bo taken to give those British residents the means of removing themselves, their families, and their movable property from Oporto, if they should wish to do so. It is mwh to be desired that the objects which the allies have in view may be accomplished without any assault of Oporto, and without the loss of life and blood shed which at attack upon that city, fortified and gar risoned as it now is, must occasion. ORDER OF THE REDEMPTION. Among the moat illustrious sovereigns that have done honour to Italy, the Princes of the House of Gonzaga occupy the first rank. Fruitful in great captains, hie rary men, and poets, this ancient and noble House of Gonzaga has deserved, in the highest degree, every species of distinction, and has furnished to the heroic and religious history of Italy its fairest pages. The city of Mantua, which is the cradle of their infancy, and the capital of their sovereignty, is now the honoured keeper of the relics of those august Princes. Invested with supreme command, the powerful Dukes of Mantua have many times, at the head of numerous armies, delivered Italy and the Holy Church from the repeated attacks of the Northmen. Rome was proud to reckon among her cardinals nine Princes of the House of Gonzaga, who at different epochs exalted the splendour of the purple of the Sacred Col lege, and invested it almost uninterruptedly, until Pope Paul V., desiring to fill up the vacancy occasioned by the death of one of them, raised to the Cardinalate Prince Ferdinand, second son of Duke Vincent I. All Italy hailed this nomination, and Mantua beheld it with delight, because it was announced to her at the same moment with the tidings of the marriage of Prince Francis, elder brother of the new Cardinal, to the Princess Marguerite, daughter of Duke Charles Emmanuel, of Savoy. Duke Vincent was desirous of perpetuating the memory of a day so auspicious to his house, by founding a noble institution, and he thought he could not better celebrate it than by associating it with his own joy as a father and the head of one of the most powerful sove reign families of Europe, the name of the Redeemer of the world, a precious relic of Whom—the blood which trickled through his veins—had for many centuries been preserved in the city of Mantua. It is known that Longinus, an Isaurian soldier, after wards crowned with the palm of martyrdom, having col lected a few drops of the blood of our Saviour Jesus Christ, brought them to Mantua, and concealed them in the ground, on the spot were now stands the church de dicated to St. Andrew. This sacred relic, after being lost for several ages, was discovered by a revelation in the reign of Charlemagne; and Pope Leo 111. having learned the fact, repaired to Mantua, gathered up the sacred blood, gave some particles of it to the Emperor, and confided the sacred deposit to the devotion of the Mantuans. After this time, Italy, unceasingly attacked by the Emperors of Germany, was ever and anon exposed to .he danger of becoming the prey of ber enemies, and Mantua did not escape the general disaster; her pious inhabitants, justly al arme d f or t h e preservat i on o f th at precious treasure, the object of their profound veneration, deposited one portion of it in the church of St. Andrew arid another portion in that of St. Paul. A ceiiuryasterwards, all trac e h av i ng b een l ost o f t h e places in which the precious blood was deposit e d, the Apostle St. Andrew, in pity of th e general affliction of the Faithful, deigned to reveal to St. Adelbert the part of his church in which a divine relic might be found. Pope Leo IX. repaired, as his predecessor had done, to Mantua, to consecrate the second and miraculous dis covery of the blood of our Divine Redeemer. It was an occasion of general jubilee to all the Christian world; and in the sequel many emperors, among whom were Henry 111. in 1055, and in 1534 Charles V., contributed by their grants and the concession of important privileges to the propagation of the worship of the blood of our Lord Jesus Christ. Lastly, the solemn suffrage of the Council held at Mantua in 1459, in the presence of Pope Paul 11., con secrated the authenticity of the divine blood which sprang from the bosom whence flowed our redemption. Duke Vincent 1., full of devotion for this precious blood, as all his ancestors had been, gave the most striking testimony of that devotion by instituting in the year of Grace 1608, on the occasion of the marriage of his son Francis, and the elevation to the Cardinalate of his other son Ferdinand, the Equestrian Order of the " Redemp tion," or the " Precious Blood." Among other magnifi cent ornaments assigned to the new Knights, he decreed that the collar of the order should be formed of an antique emblem of Francis of Gonzaga, one of his ancestors, and he composed it of many oval patens of gold , on which verges of gold were engraven in relief in a creust of fire, which patens were disposed alternatively with other cartouches of the same form, bearing for device these words, taken from the 138th Psalm of David— Domine Probasti me. To this collar was suspended a rich gold medallion, en which was artistically engraved the ampulla, appearing to contain three drops of the revered blood of the Redeemer. With the collar he prescribed a mantle and train capitular and ceremonial of crimson satin, lined with while, with large sleeves embroidered in gulden creusets, alternating with the device Domine Probasti me. It is fastened at the shoulder with a cord of gold knotted in front ; the under vestment, or just-a corps, is of cloth of silver damask, the pantaloons, stockings, and shoes being all of crimson. The creation of this pious Order could not fail to obtain the high approval of the Sovereign Pontiff, who ratified the clause of the decree of institution, by which Duke Vincent declared himself and his legitimate suc cessors on the throne of Mantua, perpetual Grand Masters of the Order of the Redemption. (Here follow the thirteen articles of the Institution; a fourteenth article prohibited the wearing of the insignia of any other Order by the Knights, but this was, by an ulterior disposition, removed.) Duke Vincent then proceeded to the reception of the Knights, and was himself invested with the insignia of the Order by the Cardinal, his son Ferdinand, and re paired with great pomp to the church of St. Andrew, with a numerous and brilliant assemblage following, in which appeared the Cardinal, the Infanta Marguerite of Saxony, as a bride, the Duchess of Mantua and Ferima, the Princes of Sweden, &c., each of the recipients having previously signed with his own hand a formal engagement to observe the statutes. The oath of the Knight and the acr of induction were accompanied with the greatest solemnity, and the chief nobles of Italy were enrolled among the earliest. This most honourable Order has never ceased to adorn the breasts of the Princes of the august house of Mantua, either at home or in exile, and it has recently been re stored by the Most Serene Prince Alexander, the present direct and legitimate inheritor of all the rights and pre rogatives of the Sovereignty of the ancient Dukes of Mantua. He has, in the terms of the statute, declared himself Grand Master, and having introduced some slight modifications demanded by the present period, the venerable Order will hereafter consist of three classes of unlimited numbers : Grand Crosses, Commanders, and Knights, with differing insignias. The Grand Master has annexed to the Order that of the " Ladies," created in 1668 by Eleanor of Gonzaga, Empress of Austria, under the name of the Noble Order of the Cross, divided into two classes, Is idles Grand Crosses, with the coronet and title of Countesses, and Ladies Chevalieres, with the title and coronet of Viscountesses. They have a special costume and in signia, resembling in. a great degree the decoration of the Knights.—The 7.abkt. THE LATE CATASTROPHE ON THE NORTH• WESTERN RAILWAY.—WOLYERTON, WEDNESDAT.—This forenoon Captain Coddington, the Government inspector of railways, arrived at Wolverton, and investigated the circum stances connected with the late fearful and fatal collision. The gallant Captain made a minute examination of the points at which the train entered the siding, the exact dis tance of which from the Wolverton station is stated to be 580 yards. After completing his survey, he pursued his way to Liverpool, it was understood, to attend the adjourned in quest with regard to the falling in of the Dee bridge. Captain Coddington had a long interview with Captain Bruyeers and other high officials of the railway, at the London terminus, before he started for Wolverton, but none of them accompa nied him to the scene of the accident. The whole of the bodies of the sufferers have been removed by their friends for interment, the last one waiting for identity being this morn ing recognised as that of Mr. H. Smith, solicitor, of Birming ham. The report as to the condition of the parties injured is that they are progressing favourably ; some of them, it is believed, will be able to attend the adjourned inquest. The company have directed that all the funeral expenses of the sufferers should be charged to them. PROPERTY AND INCOME TAX.—Since we drew public attention to this subject, on the 15th of May last, we understand the Basinghall-street Commissioners have had a most searching inquiry and investigation into the system of surcharges, and have inflicted most summary justice on one ' of their officials ; but, if all we hear is true, their vengeance has fallen upon a minor offender when compared with an officer connected with the Stamps and Taxes, who has been in receipt of no less a sum than GOOL, arising from the poundage allowed by Government out of the City income tax ! We wait the decision of the Board before we make further comment, but it is quite impossible this tax can be renewed until Parliament has inquired into the whole pro ceedings connected with what has been taking place during the last three months in Basinghall-street. Times. THE GALLERY OF CLAUDIUS TARRAL, EsQ.- - The private view of a collection of pictures, which is about being submitted to the hammer by Messrs. Christie and Manson, took place yesterday. The collection was formed on the continent by Mr. 'Dural, and comprises fifty-six works, none of which, with a single exception, have before been in this country. Nearly one half were procured at the sale of the celebrated gallery of Cardinal Pesch. They are prin cipally by Italian and Dutch masters , a nd some of them are of considerable merit. We would particularly mention " The Judgment of Paris," by W. Mieris. A " Nativity," by Menge; " Lot and his Daughters," by Jan Steen ; and some exquisite landscapes by Wynants, Fred. Moucheron, Decker, and Ruisdael. ROYAL BEULAH SPA GARDENS, N ORWOOD.— Yesterday these beautiful gardens w n e ex r t e otet o nh p se e iy n ue e; for the sum ith uaalndattarraecttis n n u i e t r w s o a n k . i T an h d e g t a r s o t u e n . d s I n a veryr a e ddtia to be met with at places of this description ga , t t o h p e le l r a t r ci f u a l m s e a d i spa l, well entitles Beulah to a visit. Ther f e stai i ii s ed i o n f e w d - i a c t i e n r a f l r ( o lo n a i li t t h ie e s. spr l ip h g e , , r u d a; i i o t n i o s d P en s s se a s l s to ll g i e g i l l : ie L r is charming; and from some of the elevations a magnificent view may be had of the surrounding country, which just now l l ooks visitors s very lovely. a s We regretted to see so sma ll an attend ance yesterday graced the grounds, a eke lll7 stance owing, pr o b a bl y, to the want of su ffi cient publ ici t y having been given to the opening. .ttnint, JUNE B.—lt is currently rumo ured to day that we shall hav e a s h arp contest here the en-wing tth - ction, as the Earl of Beclive is coining f , rwarti " aC3'! di dat'' under tte influence of his fat , ef-in.iso - , Mr. A: , ltr • man Thompson, and Mr. Crawshav, of CoverNhalil Paris anti of C:.f4rthta Castie, Merthyr, and Mr. Anthony Hill, of Plymouth Lodge, and other influential persons in the borough. - NAVAL INTEL.LIGENCE. TORTSMOUTII, WEDNESDA . T-• —A court-martial, cern - prising Rear-Admiral Sir Chit, rlcs Napier, K.C.13-, pre-. sident ; Captain Pasco, of do ? Victory ; Captain Silr James Stirling, of the Howe; Captain Chads, of the Excellent ; Captain Lushingt .m, of the Vengeance ; Captain Milne, of the St. Vince. nt; Captain the Hon. D. Pelham, of the Odin ; Captain Dacres, of the Avenger; and Mr. G. L. Greetham, De, puty Judge-Advocate of the Fleet, assembled this mor, ling at nine o'clock, on board the Victory, 104, Captain. Pasco, flag-ship of Ad miral Sir Charles Ogle, Conranander in -Chief, to try William Thurman, private mi zinc) of the third class, belonging to her Majesty's stet tm-sloop Scourge, Com mander J. C. Caflin, on the folk wing charges, preferred by that officer:- 1. For disobedience of the ca-der of Lieutenant W. Crawford, in having, on or about the 21st of May, 1847, at ICillybegs, Ireland, left the Scourge, while a prisoner at large, and got on board her Majei;ty's store-ship An-• dromeda, alongside which the Scourge was then lashed,. and afterwards, when brought back to the ship by Bom bardier W. Ramsay, of the Royal Marine Artillery, refusing to remain under charge of the sentry at the gangway, and making use of Most disgusting language to Corporal Staples and Colour-sergeant Forward. . "2. For having on various occasions, between the 233 of February and the 25th of May, 1847, behaved in an insubordinate and threatenin3 manner towards Colour sergeant Jacees Forward, of the Royal Marines, and Corporal Staples, of the Royal arineArtillery, of .' h er Majesty's steam sloop Scourge , ior disobedience of the orders of the said colour-sergeant avd corporal, and for using disgusting language towards tLem." These charges were in direct violation of the 2d, 19th, and 22d articles of war, for a breach of Is•hich it should . be understood the prisoner was tried, ;...he penalty therein prescribed for conviction thereon heilig cr such other punishment as a court• martial shall 'hink fit to impose, and as the nature and degree of the offence shall deserve. From this the Court have no powet to deviate. It is impossible we can give any portion of the en• dence in this case ; it was too disgusting and impios for repetition. We never beard a trial wherein the pri soner exhibited so thoroughly infamous a character as in ;his. Commander Caffin's humanity was totally los; upon him ; no man could have shown more forbearance than that officer has done towards the prisoner —very few half as much. The captain of the company to which the prisoner was attached had been compelled to refuse to take him on detached service to Ireland with him. Ho came on board the Scourge without a cha racter, although he had been in the Marine corps seven years. . . The Court showed a willing disposition to admitevery point of extenuation in favour of the prisoner, but nowt could be adduced. After a trial of six hours, one and a half of which was spent in deliberation, the Court adjudged the charges to have been fully proved, except such parts of the first charge which allege disgusting language to have been used towards Colour sergeant Forward and Corporal Staples, and sentenced the prisoner to receive 50 lashes on board the Scourge, to be imprisoned 12 months in Winchester gaol, and kept to hard labour the whole of that time, except during one month (the last), when he would be kept in solitary confinement, and to forfeit all pay and servitude. He would inevitably have been hanged at the peril-arm for less than one-hall cf the crimes laid to his charge and proved before ►his court a few y ears since. When his Royal Highness Prince Oscar of Sweden was going over the dockyard y estt rday he was much struck with the facility with which the blocks were made by Bineel's machinery, and also with the patent mode (Brewer's) of maeufacturnig those important necessaries in a ship's rigging, being quite different to the plan practised in every other es!ablishmtnt. His Highness asked for one of th ese bl oc k s to carry to hi s own coun try with him, and this morning Captain Pasco sent one (a 10 inch) with some treenails on board the Eugenie, for the Prince's acceptance. The patent blocks now manufactured in this yard are superior to all other kinds, infinitely so to the galvanized iron article of the same description, some of which were made trial of in this establishment some years since, and condemned as failures, the galvanism not preventing corrosion of the iron, the sharpness of the edges of which and the friction combined cuts and otherwise damages the ropes coming in contact with them. It is believed the patent wood block will become universal all over the maritime world en account of its immense sustaining powers combined with everlasting durability. A private letter from the Collingwood, 80, Captain Smart, flag of Rear-Admiral Sir George Seymour, Com mander-in-Chief of the Pacific, dated Valparaiso, Feb. 8, 1847, says—" The Cormorant steam-sloop, Commander Seymour, and the Sampson steam-frigate, Captain Hen derson, besides ourselves, are in harbour here. The Carysfort, 26, Captain Seymour, sailed on the 6th for the Leeward Islands to get a freight of money for us to bring home. She is expected to be away about nine months. We expect to be homeward bound in twelve months. We do not expect to sail from Valparaiso until the middle of March, when we shall embark the Admiral and family and sail for Callao and the Leeward Islands. The Admiral shifted his flag from blue to white in con sequence of the late brevet premotion on the 17th of January. THE LATE CASES OF POISONING. ADJOURNED INQUEST. Yesterday Mr. T. Walley, M P., resumed, at the Portobello Arms, Kensal New Town, the adjourned in quest on the bodies of Thomas Hickman, aged 34, and his five children, an account of whose deaths by poison has already appeared in this journal. Mr. John B. Abercrumby, of Kensal New Town, stated the result of the pea modem examiLation of the bodies. From the analysis of the vomited matter there is no doubt that death was caused by arsenic. Mr. George Brown, surgeon, and 1)r. Robert Barnes were next examined. Their evidence differed in no ma terial point from Mr. Abercromby's. Thomas Hickman, a youth of 12 years, said—On the Sunday in question we ell sat down to dinner between one and two o'clock. I was called in to dinner by my mother. My aunt and mother wade the pudding be tween them. I did not know that flour, or anything like it, was lying about. I did not know the cupboard where the arsenic was contained. I was never cautioned about going to the cupboard. I never heard any one threaten to poison father or mother. I was taken ill about half past two. I felt a pain at the chest, a burning in the throat, and great thirst. The CORONER—How much of the pudding had you taken before you were taken ill? Witness—One plate full. Mrs. Harriet Hickman was next examined. She said On the Sunday morning. I proposed that m e should. have a rhubarb pudding for dinner. It was to be made of flour, bread, and rhubarb. The same morning ruy sister came to me about half-past six o'clock, and said she wanted some paper to light the fire, and inquired where she could find some. I told her I did not know. She then emptied the contents of the small bag in the large one filled with flour. The CORONER—Had you seen the small bag before? Witness—Yes, on the previous Sunday my husband showed me the bag, and asked me what was in it, when I replied that I thought it was arrow-root. He then placed it in the back room cupboard, where it remained till my sister took it down. The CORONER—Were you aware that poison was in the house ? Witness—l knew that a small bottle con taining arsenic had been kept, but I gave that away to my father some time back, to destroy rats. The CORONER—What did your husband want with arsenic ? Witness—Before he was in the police he used to try experiments on glass with it. lie was in the habit of placing it in crucibles over the fire. The CORONER—Was your sister en friendly terms with your husband? Witness—Oh dear, yes; more than any other of the family. The CORONER-Low long has she been with you? Witness—Since the Thursday preceding. She came to stop until she could get a situation. My husband was at work in the New North-road, Islington, and only came home on Saturday nights, and went away on Monday mornings. Caroline Bonamey was next called. She said—l am a servant, at present out of a situation. I have been stopping with my sister only a few days. On the Sun day morning . I got up and lighted the tire. I took the bag containing the flour to my sister, and asked her what it was? She replied, " I suppose it is flour." I then emptied the bag into a large one. Both were flour bags, and had the bakers' names or. them. I noticed at the time that the ponder in the small bag was whiter than the other, and I intended to mention it, but forgot to do so by my brother speaking to me and asking the time. I lighted the fire with one bag, but I don't know what became of the other. I had eaten one plate of pud ding,and was about to take another, when my sister called out, " Oh, take the baby." We were then all seized with sickness. When one of the doctors spoke to me, I remembered having put the contents of one bag into an. T o t h h i e s r b e I ing was t h n e o w t a h w ol a e re of t h t a h t e poison e n w c a e s , i t n h e t hce Coroner summed up, and the jury immediately returned a verdict in each case, “ That death was caused by arsenic eaten in rhubarb; pudding mixed with flour by the mother, in ignorance of its nature, it having been left carelessly within her reach on a shelf by her husband, but not with evil intent." g ----=-= SUICIDE ON THE SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY.— At an early hour yesterday a young woman deliberately threw herself in front of the seven o'clock express down train, as it was approaching the iron bridge which carries the Wandsworth-road over the line near the Plough, at Battersea. The line at this part forms a curve, and a person upon the line would be concealed trent view of the driver of a train until he gut very tear. The driver saw the young woman, and called to her to get out of the way, and almost momentarily the engine struck her, and hurled her a dis tance of several yards from the spot where she fell. She was taken to the Wandsworth Union, where every attention v - as paid her ; she survived, however, only ten minutes after her admission. The deceased is an entire stranger to the neigh• bourhood, and there was nothing upon her person to lead to her identity. s re nAr Ev S zN ti I I N C G ID ._ E A ot• Mr. Benjamin Sheppard, shocking l S tlit G E occurrence .— ll that soon after twelve o'clocl, . went to a druggist in Mea,chcap of this city,_ having this afterncon, Mr. Sheppard "ohßasCEhSaTpreln,edTuhEe to day, , en•strect, and asked for as ed a committed a most surgeondetermined act of suicide. It appears for a patient. The druggist, whose name is Stringer, know ingwell, giving lull , credit to his repre sentations, of prussic acid, which he represented that he required Mr. Sheppard . and .. . sentations, did not hesitate in fur;ivhing him with what he require• d r. Shepr soma then, on mo pretext, retired to • 'd Mr. Stringer's back sitting-room, and immediately after wards he was heard to fall to the ground. Mr. Stringer ma into the room and found Mr. Sheppard in the agonies of death, having swallowed nearly the whole of the deadly poison, a tew drops pt vi, bleb would have been sufficient to des.; r. , ;it.. lie ,:i , i aiat , s; i,stantaneoudy. (4, , 1CK G kIoWTH oF POTATOES.—In the garden of a gentleman residing in Higher Broughton, there is a bed of potatoes of about a quarter of an acre, the stems of which have grown six inches in six days, bein at the rate of on, inch per day during that period.—Marx TWA im ilic .....,, TITE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 10, 1847.