The Sun. — London, England, 1857-03-04 00:00:00

TEE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MARCH 4, pleeioetentiary of wisie ht. and character to arrange all , the subject, and that he assented to the appointment. That letter is (hoed the 9th September. "My dear Cla matters ef difference between 04 and the Chice-e. Mr J. G. PIIIL LI '4O RE, with great reluctance but rendon, —I am not well acquainted with Dr. Bowring. I from stern convictions of duty, would voce for the motion. never had anything to do with him officially, but he is an Mr. B. COCHRANE also supported the motion, and eminently clever man, while his knowledge of Chinese insisted, f ro m p r i v ate information b e h a d o b ta i ne d of the gives him great advantages. You could not possibly find a position of Canton, that the bombardment must have pro- better man." (Cheers.) Well, thee, I say that the right duced immense slaughter among the defenceless inha- hon. member for Oxford Uni vers it and the right hon. bitants. y Mr. T. CHAMBERS qu o t e d f rom th e d es p a t c h es to member for Carlisle alle ge d th a t th e G overnment of which they were bath members h a d no respons ibili ty i n connex i on s how that the bombard men t was di recte d aga i nst t h e with the appointment of Sir John B owr i ng . (H ear , h ear .) ceeded to defend Si r J . B owr i ng an d t h e c h aracter o f the Government building s an d th e Chi nese so ldi ers. H e pro - Mind, I am not sp ea ki ng o f th at respons ibi l i ty as one that transactions ge nera ll y . requires defence, b ecause I thi n k Si r J . B owr i ng a very fit Mr. ROEBUCK said that he looked upon the motion per.on for the appointment ho holds, and that Lord Aber as one of censure, and of censure laid upon the noble deen only showed his good sense in giving him a post for lord at the head of the Government and of his col- which his previous services rendered him peculiarly fitted. leagues, who had accepted the responsibility of the con- But who is the other gentleman who has been taken under duct of Sir J. Bowring. It had been said there bad been a wonderful coalitio n o f p ar ti es . H e th oug ht hi s conduct the patronage an t i p ro t ec ti on o f b o th r i g h t h on. mem b ers, would have freed him from the charge of anything like and whose char ac t er h as b een so muc h exa l te d a t th e ex party spirit. He had only to consid er wh e th er the con- pense of his opp onen t s ? Wh a t i s th e c h arac t er o f Y e h , duct of the Government was likely to support the honour the theme of so much generous eulogy? Why, he is one of the country. In Asia we were the only people of the of the most sava ge b ar b ar i ans th a t ever di sgrace d any western world who possessed large possessions, and in nation, whether savage or civilised, on the face of the conduct were made to affect the cause of western civilis- earth. He is accused of every crime that could dil ation. If we were under a despotism, it might be said in grace human nature—(cheers)—and certainly if I were cases of wrong that the people were not to blame ; but in to choose any individual as an object of my partiality the case of liberal Government the dishonour fell from and praise, I certainly should not prefer Yeh to the the noble lord at the head of the Government on to the British regresentativo. (Hear, hear.) Sir John Bow people of the country. He had listened to the speech (if ring has been accuse d of meddling in affairs of great the Attoraey-General, which appeared to him to be th a t t inernational importance, reckless of the consequ ences t h at of a lawyer who held a brief for the defendant i n a run - . t ensue from his acts. Why Sir John B owr i ng was, might ping-down case. (Laughter.) The issue before th e h ouse was a simple one. He would admit the Chines e an d th e as we all very well know, a member of th e P eace S oc i ety. police were wrong in boarding an English flag, butall the (Loud laughter.) Sir John Bowring was distinguished for acts which bad led 080 greata division of opinion among his amiable qualities and his mild disposition; and I the lawyere, led to the punishment of the people of Can- should say that if any man was less likely than another to ton in the mode in which it had been inflicted. If the ge t the country he represented into difficulties or hostili same offence as that committed by the Coine-e bad ties, that man would cer t a i n l y b e Sir John Bowring. y taken place b the polce-officers at Liverpool on board- I have said that Sir John Bowling was a distinguished ise, it would have been considered perfectly correct. member of the Pe ace S oc i ety —no doubt if some other But the house should l o k t o t h e case o f a m i l li on en d a members of that soci e ty were in hi s p os i t i on th ey would half of people, coop e d u p i n C an t on, upon whom we h a d have got us very soon brought to bear the " c i v ili sat i on o f E ng l an d." (L aug h- into a much mo re ser i ous diffi cu lt y than that with w hi c h h e is now charged. (Hear.) With ter) The Chinese wer e a hi g hly My - limed people ; put there were peculiarities in their civilisation, and the chief respect to the introducer of this motion, what I complain of these peculiarities was that they had not applied their of most of all is the tone and temper which the honourable civilisation to purposes of war. W e se n t out to Canton member for the West Riding brought to boar upon the secretary of the Peace Society, a nd see th e result I (A. it, because it was remarkable throughout for an anti laugh.) In Sir J. Bowring hi band was placed the honour English feeling —an abnegation of all the ties that bind aed credit of England, and it rested in kis hands—not in a man to his c oun t r y an d hi s f e ll ow-countrymen, which the flag that fl aced over the p a lt r y l orc h a . If t h e fl ag of England had been tarni s h e d, it was no t b y th e po li ce- I should hardly h ave expecte d from a man in his posi officers of Canton hauling it d own , b u t b ecause i t fl oate d two. Che ers .) With th e h on. member everything that ever the ships that threw sh o t an d s h e d upon was Engliish was w rong , an d everythiag• that was hostil e defenceless and unarmed people. (Ironical cheers.) It to England was right. (Hear.) The lion. member said had been said the Ceioese had broken the treaty. had eve that British merchants were a set of haughty, oveibettriug, not broken the treaties on our side. (Hear) ! The Go- grasping, irritating men, who for their own purposes and vernment of Chien prefeaed to he the conservators of selfish objects were cons t ant l y gett i ng us i nto disputes with public morality, and they w i s h e d to exclude opium from the countries in which they wore settled. Where did the the city of Canton and the portent China. Tue whinese hon. gentleman get this information of the British mor were afraid of us, they saw ho se we had extended our chants ? Was it d ur i ng hi s recen t cont i nental tour that he sway in India, and th e y b e li eve d th a t we s h ou ld d o the entice with them. W e h a d, i n f ac t, a l rea d y annexe d discovered the British merchants t o b e so unwort h y ? The China. (Lau g ht er .) bon. member said that h o wou ld no t lik e to pat over his Mr. GLADSTONE explained the connection of Lord counting-house " Civis Ronnanus sum," lam sure th et if Aberdeen's Cahinet wi th the appointment ef Sir Jelin he were to write "I am a British subject," it would be held Bowring to his present situation. That sippoirament was that he was so neither in spirit nor iu heart, by those who made be Lerd Clarend )n with the censer, t, certaml e, of sew it so inscribed. (Hear.) Again, the hon. member also Lard Aher leen, hut the r-_ et. of th e Cabinet enew n+-thing said that the government of England were bullies to the waatever of the matter. He refused to consider this as weak sad cowards to the strong; and that was said at the a censure on Sir J. Bowring ; he believed his policy had been su g g es t e d close of a war with R uss i a , one o f t h e greatest powers of the a the first inioance, as it was oppos e d i n civilised world—a war undertaken on ever y p r i nc iple" of the last by th e Government. H e repro b ated the lan giniee of Sir G. Grey in charging Sir Jas. Graham with justice and of right, and carried on in spite of every insincerity ; and added that there was not a suppor er difficulty with an energy and courage that would have done of tae resolution who was actuated by party motives, honour to any country on the face of the earth. Bat the He swished he could Fay the same of the opponents of bon member subsequently pointed out the object of his re- Government. Mr Bentinek and Mr. Kendall avo wed marks. He said, " Would you have done this to the United their intention to oppose the resolution rather than Saves?" meaning that we were cowards to the United S•ates, allow three insignificant individuals on his side of the sod this too from a member of the Peace Society. (Laugh house to find their way into office. He contended that ter.) He tauritsll3infaetfor having made a friendly arrange the blue-book containing a list of insults to British resi- went with a kin people—au arrangement which was dents showed that the general ruts among the Chinese agreeable to ui, and was as,epted with cordiality by theother was not to insult the English. As a proof of it he men- tuition. Further, he tauuts us for not making the difference tioned that only two days before the affair of the lorcha a cause of war, ant says we were cowards because wo main the Chinese Commissioner hid posseil over a gross i n _ tamed friendly relations with the United States, ant the, fraction of the treaty on the part of an English miteionary. if we hat had courage enoug h we should have gone t 3 war. So much for the reahoning of a member of the Peace Society. He then adverted to the argument of the Attorney-Gene (Laughter.) The illustration which they hen. member male ral, and ridiculed the vanity of the learned geetietnan in his assertion that till he (the Attorney-General) keTtiorte-Zenle i , s r i l a y o u h e i f t e . rt u l kia o te s, f l e i x , i t h , e , i) ,v d argument ia, h r e e l e i i t a d eaas rose nothing hal been said in the House of CJW. your conduct with the United States in a case that arose w in moos that was worth attent He did not think Chaileston in S out h C aro li na. A law was pas ed in Soutarthe argument of that learned g entl eman would weigh Carolina, by which the coloured subject, if he came into much with the house. If he had correctly stated the Carolina, was put into prison stud kept there until the law, it was time that law should be brought back vessel sailed." The hon. member added : "This was a to common sense. But he rested his case, not on statute gross outrage, which hurt the sensibilities of the British or treaty law, but on natural justice. What were our nation, and what did you do? Your consul at Chariest -n relations with the Chinese I We received the island of made an application to the aliuister at Washington, who applied d to the Sseratary of State, and the mater was ar- Hong Kong as a port only for careening and repairing reasons ioterfe r b e e being given u g e iT t e a n wher a a f u ele s r o a federal the affair Government en t ships —we bad converted it into a colony of 60,000 Chi- could r cling—we bad done all we could to encourage it a and our case. If we had the towerpo in China of sending Y a the very ordinance under which the lorcha was registered Minister to Pekin, if we had the power of addressing our wseavowsdly intended to extend the smuggling of opium, selves to the Moonshee of the Emperor, no doubt the same And now they had crowned the whole by making war result would have happened as in the United States, anal with those who stood before them as women or c i s ito te „, all difficulties would have been surmounted. And that it The Chinese could not meet us in the field—no glory is which constitutes the value and the vindication of the could be earne d ; an d the Br i tish flag coal only 1: ,,,, demand whi c h h as b een made by our admiral for personal stained by these transactions. On the other hand, the i o n , ;. r erz e i im i i i i t a l tl ea ti a l t e with th n e d ai?.trties of Canton. If Chinese resorted to those miserable and detestable with the local Govi l :r o n w m er en a t w r ai neoeces'slrayunatnesatemevueciii c irorivances which their very weakness taught them, mura if we hal. diplomatic communications wit'h the centrel He referred to the latest accounts received from C,1,1. Government., it is manifest that the difficulties which have ton, from which it appeared that the city had been swelled into a quarrel, would hive soon been arranged, fired in various places, and that a large portion of and future arraugewents of are amicable character at once the city was reduced to ashes. These were the clues. b-an (established. (Hear, hear,) Let us inquire what was tious to which Parliameee had at it s fi rs t epp„ e t w e ty, the event which het given rise to these unprecedented M- Litt still he feared too late, directed its metre-;:ion. If Si i tahs. I will not, sir, go into the legal argument. Much agents were to he cnainue I nothing caul I be fiarkee of the .iiscu,sion as to whether the lorcha was or was not a ton the presoee a The Caetonese population were more British vessel would have been carried on very aperopri- embitored that ever, But the political problem before Privy before (i t i t l ie , Court of Admiralty, or r a committee of the h o r e e s t mightlon of i tsuh s e t I t; e h % o c r o ri n d t 3 a n h e •e d. way but u there wise exceeding le simple. There was at yet no de- legal y prize, rind The a dt claratien of war, and therefore we could have no dlfff• I hold of all that tiissertation, however interesting it nese culey ire withdrew, I/1 g cur aeen t a H e war ne d the licuse have been, however valuable and extensive iney hove i eon against the ignoble fear of beina thought afraid, which the legal knowledge brought to beeriest teoth sides, and ie would lead them to go on in injustice simply because i n - both houses—l hold that thet dissertation does not really justice had been begun. Many of those who refused to lie at the bottom of the subject. (Hear, hear.) We have support this resolution still condemned the proceedings of te treaty with the Chinese, and. that treaty says that Bri tish vessels shall not be boa:lied, nor have men taken oat Sir J. Tslowring. If that statement went abroad to to without previous application to the British consul reign nations, with the fact that the house refused to ( , ) ! •Lileni ' Ihe question then is, what shoull the Chinese know anti sanction these opinions by their vote, it would seal the believe the boaried vee to be —did the cow icier to disgrace of England. But let him suppose the rever•e, ha a British vessel or not? I say L. ('Ohe'er her 1 and then be told that subordinate officials of Eegland say that the whole question turns theywhens.) on that, anil hon. lied committed injustice in the fir East, and were sup- members accuse Sir J. Bowring of flagitious falsehood ported by the Government. An appeal was made to when he stated that the Chinese did not know that the the nobles and bit hews of the land, but it faded. But the licence had expired, I say that that is the real gist of the supreme appeal was made to the Com mons of E ug e ee e, whole case; a n d inateail of bei ng a fl ag i t i ous attempt at 1 and they red e e me d th e h onour and the good name of imposition, it was a real statementof the quesiimi bstween England, the Chinese an British authorities, and was the r o l e ques - Mr. BENTINCK rose te say somethi ng i n exp l ena - tion to ba adju s t e d. I say that if the Chinese auth orit i es , Coe, het he w as ver y irepatiereay listened to, L ird Pal- knowing or believing that this vessel was a British vessel, mersten having risen at the same time. He wee) under n of„ lv l t l i e rt r ti o e r l e e , e v s, a in ud yti a letion of the treaty,boarded her, carried stood to say that Mr. Gladstone had mierepresented is the material fart of w u n , h c e i r o c n olou h rs t — I say thlt e tV something which be had said. He had not °barged the technieelities of the cad©, The ' q w ues a tio e n v9. is ma lYfave t wee r:gbt bon. genticenan with doing all that was vls aed been insulted, has there been a eimation of the treaty? disgraceful, but had said that the right hou. gentleman —for if no, our representatives had a right to demand, and his friends had been for some years past associated apt only an apology fur the wrong, but an assurance with all the anti-protestant innevatious be the church, that it would n o t b o repeated. (Hear, hear.) But I think it less been shown that, in point of fact, (Loui cries of `r No, no," and " Qiestai n .") this vessel w as t o a ll i ntents and purposes entitled to the Viscount PALMERSTON . was l ou dly c h eere d on rising. protection o f th e B r i t i s h f l ag ; for although the register He said—l confess that from a gentl eman p ossess i ng the had expired five days before, both licence and register were talent and experience of the hon. member for the West good until the vessel returned t , port. Why I never heard Riding—from a gentleman wh ose p r i va t e an d persona l c h a- of such a qu ibbl e as th at which maintains that the Arrow racter stands so high in the estimation of those who know a w m a s r r e i a l l at a s s eha a b oi e e c i r t s o e she er was ei o i n u s t a h r e , river m e u of ad i Canton. resse d t I o him—l should not have expected such a motion as he has this house on a distinction of that kin c d. (Hear.) The real male, and such a speech as introduced that motion. The meaning of the regulation that said the register should date motion has been shown by Mr. Labouchere to be contra- during her whole voyage, and it was a miserable distinc tradictory in itself. It falls short of the object at which it tion to make, that she was not at sea because she was in is aimed,and at which it was well understood to be directed, the river. I really did not expect such a line of argument. It is a Motio n ca lli ng upon the house, in the first place, to (a fla,ltl a e ar.o:o)lVhahwas the history o f thi s l orc h a A rrow ? She abstain from inqui ry i nto the grounds upon which the hos- cargo, and good register; asulitoeuwent to Macao, took in a • What had she to do at Claim; in China have been commenced, and following that Canton 7 What did she do? She deposited her register up by a resolution condemning the measures that have been with the British Consul. What was the Consul to do ? taken to redress the injuries we have suffered. (Cheers ) Despatch a communication to the Hoppo to get permit- The hon. gentleman has talked of the logic of the Chi . Edon for the landing the cargo. There is no pretence before the days of Aristotle, but if he had studied either the she lay landed her cargo contraband; it was of rice, and logic of the Chinese or of Aristotle, I think he would have course a y wi o t te openly consentoosite o t f h e t h t e o wn for Custom-housefive or sir ot l o al r s s , o o f f been able to draw up a better resolution than this, (Cheers,) Canton. I say, then, that the Chinese knew the Arrow He has also commended the morals of the Chinese• was a British vessel, was engaged in a legal trade, had not I think he would have done more for his own morals if he v tl i l o e la u le u d t ry ta l w, and was entitled to the protection which had abstained from bringing forward this resolution. Nevertheless t , c the of , l h e i e n t e r s e e a v te i r ol a a ff t o o r d de t c i l ia le t e t r r . o a ( t Et a e t ar h h e e ar o . ) The question was between her Majesty's Government and i i.i ti o ent she was about to sail, boarding her and y carrying in off Sir J. Bo wring on one hand, and Commissioner Yeti on the eei c e r n e :* Then there is a question ea to whether the Bra other. The hon. gentleman stated that Sir J. Bowling was two resigenecraablelYnein.g't but we have it in the evidence of an intimate friend of his, of 20 years' standing. We know of the lorcha and. yard of o vf s t ill s, D l r e t n , n e b d o y ai the master that he was an associate of the hon. gentleman in that ca. i T a e u rt withinow ie) yards of the Arrow, and saw the Btitish fla 4 g rest of public usefulness with which the name of the hon. s fact wea e i r j i } e l the mandarin. They aloe saw, and this is not bean a • v noticed —they member will go down to posterity, as having laboured to the Blue Peter hauled down.ufalcleynti- introduce a great improvement in our commercial system. cause it is an answer to oief the main that is important, he- What has happened since the hon. gentleman and Sir J. who says the lorcha could nut have had ag r umen i ts al l yeh, Bowring parted ? The hon. gentleman disclaimed any vin- because no vessel was allowed to hoist the Britishcoloursing: dictive feelinguntil she was about to get under w But against Sir J. Bowring, and said he was not underway, as every one knows ay. she was getting anxious for vengeance. What injury has J. B ue etst is a sign rin g done to th hon, Sir ow- of-departure, so that she would have beef). off but for th gentleman that he should thus for- detention in a few minutes, Another excuse was tha e t get all the the s e th olt My notion oft he at lv formerly bound them. (Hear, hear.) lteieTireevewseLee n w o as fo a reg i n t e is t h s on board I, u a t .n o d thierefore he did not is that you would varewo h tLeat a friend of twenty years rAL, uuttloBo. True, there were no foreigee°rr onle e o d ar ei r when be that if yon thought a , course w ith indulgence— Chinese entered the vessel, but they went on board mi n o r error you would ende excuse could be made for any diatelY after, and before the Chinesa left the vessel they attack him for the first wra.vour to make it, but not were there also. Could there boany doubt as to theirknow he had made, with all the big which in your opinion ledge of the character of the vessel, it was dissipated when 'less ani t armament which they found that on the representation of Kennedy they left se e nemy might be supposee two of the with him. - ' • to feel. (H crew whom was Sir John Bowring eppein ear, hear.) By cuse s ; it is a falsehood, a flagitious faliehood, to say that Did he owe it to aristocratic influence, redto this station ? there was no British ensign flying, no foreigners on board, told so often i s the cause of promotion ioctlehwe have been a ti t le the time they took these men away. (Hear.) Whet, vice ? (Hear.) Wee he a member of that e r e,: te P t n a b e lia t "r- 0 f p n r , oo W e a e s a Lhgel al g le u la ta ti d oli ff m er a e d n e t as an t e h xcuse u f s o: a t t le te e r o v o a u r rt Jelin Bowring was esseetially a inen of the peo p l e Y it i e h S a ir put forwent by Yeh when codec . ting evidence to suit- hi s brought himself into notice be , his taleut, iudustry, anda purpose. The allegation of the officer commanding the public services. Ho was selected for the first appointment by e was that there was an old man on board who went which he held—that of consul at Canton—by myself, wh et , tO-be Priest and that this man was supposed I was at the head of the Foreign-office. I was led to make On i the Chinese rii)rincipre toh:i4isartrvewshnieritest°l7Bs(vAil.tag re that choice because I had watched Sir John Bowring i n o l t r in es a , n tti f ey would no doubt have out off theheaed•oforthis his former course. He had been employed in commercial take the t res tl t ee o y f could t not get At his son. But why did they negotiations at Paris ; he had distinguished himself a y might serv e as w i l t e u n c rew r they alleged it was that they his knowledge of commercial !Hatters ; he was a man of Butt as hat stateinent W s a s s ra n in the investigation of the case. or, Wade only to the Admiral—it great talent and varied attain:sleet', and I felt that " s repeated after to ea ,f th e met , a Parkes when he appaea - he was a man eminently' fitted for the pest for which wan whose eon te The said it was on P. .-‘i for the I sidected him, then 'Yo e , W i th `Za t e a lltPOS el l to he ~ -ccount ef this old (Hear, hoer.) Then came a vacaecy in the ofll • —I don't deny hi • ility e ra te , aagaged in piracy; but GO of .plenipotentiary and superintendent solidity, e a , a inch he is distinguished except it of trade at Hong Kong; an d m y noble friend Lord Cia- ante except Yeh, wit h h e l a- fe:1" -enough I demur to his forbear- Tendon promoted him from the office of consul at Canton spirit, entir.' - - ais ability,ei-an.f?.oer to tell the truth—(a lauga) to that appointment. Re did it Pimply upon his own au- tirely ~atio.rouilyttslisitfts from this ground' and conciliating thority. My noble friend undoubtedly consulted me as gail 'or having ' been sooririe What is that? lie Bay ' s a jia e t n ; having more knowledge of Sir J B • • - • able to months before attacked in h . J. °wri ng , though my oy pirates was recognise one of the • is vessel , noble friend h a ,i b e en associated with him in negotiat • " the Arrow by two circumstances one that pirates on board at Paris, and hal had experience of his talents. "ions turban, and the other that he had lost a front tooth, a red ' Also consulted the then head of the Govern But he not know whether a red turban is a very peculiar head•llreds's, Aberdeen); and though Hr. Gladstone int ernerit (Lord at Canton, but I think that if in sailing repittly past the y endeavour to lorcha in another vessel this man was able to distinguish throwoff from that noble earl an o- • yresp ..mihelit yeeif ref , on. his enemy on board by no greater mark than the loss of a sibility there be in that selection. - —jet I hold in Itiy P front tooth, he must have been admirably fitted for a A letter which shows that Lord Ab ci hand sharpshooter, and would do deadly service with a Minie _ . aWM Wad 09 4 / 1 11.1ted on rata . (Laughter,) So grossi Pal outrage on this country to be justified by such an excuse, and yet Yeh has been justified in this house for making that excuse. (Hear.) Well, the wrong having been committed, we demand an apo l ogy an d an assurance that hereafter such a violation of the treaty shall not be committed ' • and it was not till a ft er a ferberr ance of some days, and the refusal of any satisfaction on the part of the Chinese, that measures of hostility were re -ortod to, the first being the seizare of a junk, and the se cond an attack on some fort, The hon. member for the West Riding was very fond of referring to the United States as models which we should imitate on all occasions. Now, what was the conduct of the United States comman der in a case that occurred the same time as that of the , Arrow ? A boat rowing past during the dispute was fired iute. The crew, believing it to be a mistake, hoisted the American ensign, but the firing was continued. There was an outrage requiring reparation, but it was not a deliberate violation of a treaty, and might have been the accidental ,nisconduct of a gunner, or the Chinese might have thought the American ensign had been hoisted as a subterfuge. But the commander of the United States man-of-war first bom barded the fort, and then demanded an explanation. They aret knocked down the offending fort, and then sent to Yeh for an apology. He not only destroyed the fort, but sub sequently, seeing suspicious preparations making in an 1, other fort, he attacked that also before the expira tion of a truce which the Chinese had demanded for the purpose of deliberation. I contend, then, as the hon. member for the W es t Ridi ng i s fond of making comparisons, that our forbearance contrasts favourably in this case with the proceedings of America We d eman d e d reparation. Was th e mattr one of little consequence ? What matter, it has been said that a number of men were aken from a small vessel ? Why, sir, it is one of many sots violating our treaty rights. We have by the treaty ,f Nankin obtained the right for all British subjects to enter and reside without molestation in five cities of China, of which Canton is one. The privilege, with regard to Canton, is contemptuously refused. We have, moreover, - .he right of holding land in these cities for commercial pur poses. And it is distinctly stated that as the wants of the British community expand, they should have places as signed to them by commission. That has been refused at Canton. We have had a very small area assigned to us, where all the foreign merchants are crowded together to their great inconvenience; But I know we want to have more ground assigned t o us — we d o no t care w h ere —f or .warehouse room. We have in vain appealed to the Chinese —we have in vain appealed to treaty rights, and at this moment a great po r ti on o f B r iti s h merchandise and pro perty is stored in Chinese warehouses, which are not under the control and custody of British merchants. Well, then, there was that determination on the part of the Chinese . authorities to refuse everything that the treaty guaranteed to us, and everything which it was possible for them to deny. (Hear.) And what is the ground of the refusal ? It is that the people of Canton are so harbarous, se cruel, so savage, so hostile to f o r e i gners , th a t it wou ld no t b e ca f e for British or foreign subjects to enter tho city. The hon. member for the West Riding gave us a complete refutation of that all ega ti on on th e part Yeh and his predecessor, for he rea4 a statement to us showing thplst British officers and British subjects have walked through the suburbs, and were treated with civility and kindness, mixed with a little curiosity to know of what materials their clothes were composed; but that no insult or molestation was offered to them. Web, sir, do the walls of the city of Canton make a division between barbarism and civi lity, between brutality and good humour ? (Hear.) If Canton was the only town with which we had commer cial relations wo might believe that Yeh knew his country men bettor than we did ; but into Shanghai, which is as considerable as Canton, and which is every day growing in i uspor twice, British subjects aro allowed not only to outer but sod's' intercourse takes place ; everything is conducted with humanity and good humour; and so far from any difficulty arising in consequence of whit has taken place at Canton, no difference has taken place in our relations with the people at Shanghai, nor, indeed, with the inhabi tants of any of the other cities which we have a right by treaty to enter. (Hear.) I believe that this plea is only one of the flagitious falsehoods put forward by Yeh and his pre deressors, in order to have an excuse for violating the treaty by which the Imperial authorities are bound to allow our entrance into Canton. (Hear.) Although I say that this proceeding with regard to the Jorcha is a violation of our treaty rights, it is not the first. It is only part of a deli berate system to set at nought all treaty rights, to set the populace against us, and to frighten us away for purposes et* their own, and that they may have an undue advantage over us. (Hear.) This is one of the most important rights which has been violated in the case of the Arrow. How could commerce be carried on in security if British vessels licensed and registered, and placed under the protection of the British flag, are liable at the caprice of the Chinese police and the Chinese authorities to have all their crew Wren away perhaps when they are going to sail. (Hear.) This vessel had no cargo, but she might have had a valu able cargo and might have been stripped of all hands and exposed to the mercies of the pirates in that quarter; to say nothing of the loss which might accrue from detention when the vessel was about to sail. The right, therefore, which was violated was an important right—important to British commerce iu Canton, which was gradually increas ing, and which could only be carried on in small vessels of the description of this lorcha. There was no pretence for saying that the vessel was engaged in piracy or smug , gling, and the old man who was seized was net accused of any criminal act himself, but as the relation of a man who was suspected of crime. - (Hear, hear.) Can it be said that the Government of Canton showed that kind ness, justice, ant forbearance, which would make remon strance unnecessary? Why, the answer of Yeh to the ap plications made to him, so far from showing any intention to chengs his proceedings, showed that there was reserva tion in his mind, and that he would commit the same act again--(hear, hear) —for what he says is, that no Chinese official shall take men in future out of British lorchas without reason. Who is to judge of that reason? Why, th e Chinese authorities themselves. (Rear, hear.) What is the object of the treaty ? To prevent the Chinese from setting up their own re 'son as a ground of interference with the just rights of the British merchants. (Hear.) The hon. member for the West Riding says you must remember that it. belongs to the Chinese authorities to arrest Chinese cri minals. That is to sty, the Chinese authorities are to set aside the rights we have by treaty, to arrogate to themselves privileges which by treaty do not belong to them, and his Chinese officials are to judge of the innocence or the crimi o dity of the crews of English vessels. (Hear, hear.) Ido not think that anybaly has asserted that these men were leraa:ly seized because they were Cinue.3e subjects, and yet they were placed at the mercy of this human monster. Mu .r.) The hon. gentleman (Mr. Cobden) has asked whe ther, if a Spanish criminal were on board an English vessel, in a Spani.,h port, we would ant towards Spain as we have acted towards China, If whether we would subject foreign ers to our own municipal law and regulations in foreign ports. 'Choi() :isiertions aro true, but the hon. ..en lemon who thus argued om it th e c i rcumstance of the treaty, which override-s international obligations, and which is es pecially enacted for the purpose of overriding them. It is perfectly well known that in treaties with the less civilised nations of the world, we require that British subjects should not be confined exceptia the presence of the British consul. That is the cane in Turkey; it is the case in Per. sia ; and much more is such a precaution necessary in China. (Hear, hear.) If the Chinese authorities hod been the mild, gentle, humane, and forbearing people' they are represented to be, we might have said, we will trust to you and hope that when a British subject is con cerned you will have recourse to the British consul. But we know the atrocious system of administration which is carried on iu China, an I especially in Canton. But what can you expect from a person who boasts of having struck off 70,000 Chinese heads in one year by the axe of the exe cutioner. I remember some years ago reading that between 5,00) and 6,000 had been put to death, and the mutilated remains of seine had been allowed to remain in the slaugh terhouse whilst others acre brought there to execution. What were they to think of the barbarity of a Government which perpetrated cruelties greater than were ever heard before by the beheading of 70,000 men in a single year. I have heard what I believed to be a joke ; but it has been cosfirmed by more than one gentleman who is conversant with China, that persons who are condemned to death give 200 dole, to others to represent them. (Laughter.) I sai l how cen that be, and I was informed that these persons say your life is so precious you are not so certain that you will be beheaded in a few months at the caprice of some Chinese offichd ; your head will be cut off, and you will get nothing ' for it; is it not better for you to be beheaded a fortnight earlier, and bo able to leave something to your family? (Laughter.) What a pleasant state of society this must be in this much-landed Government. These barbarities are in flicted by Chinese authorities. The first act of Yeh on the breaking out of the dispute was to offer a reward for the head of every Englishman. (Hear.) The next proclamation we have had is that he would take secret methods of extir pating these hated foreigners, and by the last accounts from Hong Kong we have seen how these secret methods are carried out. (Hear.) We see in the atrocious murder of 11 Europeans, how these proclamations have been car ried into effect. lam quite astonished at the right hon. gentleman (Mr. Gladstone) when, instead of that generous zeal and those noble sentiments which he has at his command when he wanre them, he tells us that, quoting from the discussion which took place 15 years ago, " Of course these Chinese poison their weals." The right hon. gentleman now undertakes to defend these poisonings, (No.) Yes, sir, I say undertaking to defend them. (No, no.) He says it is the resource to which the weak are dri ven to defend themselves from the strong, It is only ne cessary, therefore, fur any parties to say that they are too weak to resist in order to obtain the justification of the right hon. gentleman of the basest and most treacherous crimes that cart disgi'aco humanity, (Loud cries of "No," and cheers.) I was the more sorry to hear it, bedanse 1 had found an excuse—and, as I believed a true one—in my own mind, for his words on a former occasion. I did not believe the light hon, gentleman to justify poisoning. (Oh, oh.) What I believed no meant was, that they were such a barbarous nation as to be capable of such enor mities, that they practised such treacherya and combined such cruelty With their Slate, that it Was only natural to suppose that they had committed deliberate poisoning. That was the notion I had, I regret to say that on the pre sent occasion the manner in which the right hon, gentle man has treated this stibject induces in my mind the idea other side of this question in the view which they take of this correspondence; so far from seeing any arrogance, in sult, and brutality on the pert of our plenipotentiary, and moderation and gentlemanly conduct on the part of the Chinese, I think that the letters on our side are marked with caution and moderation, whilst those on the part of the Chinese authorities are tissues of equivocation and falsehood. When the admiral found the Chinese Commis sioner was determined to push matters to an extremity, ho agreed to the suggestion of the plenipotentiary, and said that there must be no further concession; and that an official communication with Yeh must take place. That is the na tural course of all hostile disputes of this kind : if the de mands made in the first instance are refused, and if a con tinual resistance is made, the demands increase with the continuance of the resistance. It is the ordinary case, and no party can complain if, by his own acts and want of faith, he subjects himself to a continual demand. It is then said that thedemands which were made were entirely at variance ' with the letters which I wrote on the subject, and with the instructions of my successors in office. Why, sir, lam as tonished that men of real intellect, men who profess to de sire to act reasonably, who boast - of stating the truth, should confound things which are totally different. (Hear.) This demand, which I thought and which my successors said ought not to be pressed for by means of hostilities, was a demand for a full enjoyment by the public of the treaty— a demand for a general and unrestrained admission of all British subjects into the town of Canton, to live there, to have their houses of business, to communicate freely with the Chinese. Is that the demand now made by Sir J. Bow ring? His demand has been one of a much more limited character—it is a demand simply for an official communica tion between himself and the commissioner in the first in stance, no doubt with provisions for future communication when occasion should require. Is that a demand which it was altogether unlawful to make, or which was inexpedient to be made, or which would be disadvantageous toEugland? Even upon the argument of the hon. member for the West Riding I call upon him as a witness to show that it would be a very valuable concession, valuable not only for our own interest, but for the Chinese, in avoiding difficulties in cases of future disturbance or collision. And therefore I say— things having come to this pass—that our representatives in China did well in adding to the demand they had already made for the fulfilment of the treaty in this respect. Things therefore now stand in this position. It has been said we are at war with China ' • we are not at war , a t l eas t I hope not. Up to the last accounts the quarrel was purely local—(hear) —and still existed simply through the character of the men so unfortunately placed at Canton. The last accounts, moreover, showed no pro bability of any disturbance of the peaceable arrangements existing between o u r people and th e peop l e o f China. (Hear, hear.) We are asked what our future policy will be. That must of course depend upon the course which the Chinese may take. Our first duty will be to care for the protection of those British sehjects who have gone out upon the faith of such protection, and also to care for the interest of those merchants in this country who have lane property in China, liable to all the accidents which exten ded hostilities would lead to. We have no wish for con quest, no desire to make China a British empire. It has been a ,id that China is endangered by our trade. Is Brazil in danger, or any other parts of South America endan gered by cur trade there ? I say, therefore, that those who say that the Chinese are right in keeping us out., are not paying attention to those plain facts which ought to lead them to a contrary inference. It would, on the contrary, boa great advantage to the people of China if a larger in tercourse were established. (Hear, hear.) If this unfor tunate occurrence had not intervened, we were in commu nication with the Government of France, and probebly ghoul l have communicated with the Government of the United States, is order to the sending of a friendly diplo matic mission to Pekin, with a view to make arrangements for securing fresh commercial relations. Of course what may be done must depend greatly on what is now taking place. France and America are entitled to ask for an ar rangement of their treaty, and England, which has a right to be placed on the footing of the most favoured nation, will be also entitled to participate in any alteration which may take place. lam sure that any step in this direction, tending to do away with the obstructiveness which has existed iu China, will be of immense benefit as well to the British producers as to the Chinese consumers. The very limited extent of our dealing hitherto has been one cause amongst others of the extensive trade in opium, which the right hon. gentleman has dexterously dragged in to catch a few stray votes. We can only pay for our goods in opium, as the verysmall quantity of British is not at all equal to the amount of Chinese produce taken by us. Since 1842 to the present time the quantity of tea imported into this country has more than doubled, having increased from 42 millioes to 80 odd million pounds, and the increase in silk has ben still greater in proportion. I cannot have the slightest doubt that if by communication with the Chinese Government on the part of the Governments of England, France, and the United States, we had succeeded in ob taining a larger opening for commerce and freedom for trade, notouly would immense benefits have been obtained by the three countries, but the advantages to China would have been incalculable. The question, sir, is now put, what aro we to do ? The hon. member for the West Rid ing not choosing to allow events to develop themselves, calls on the house to affirm the resolutions, which would defy the ing enu ity o f man t o determine whether they aro to be taken as a c: n3ure on our officials in China, or a cen sure on her Majesty's Government at home. The right hon. member for Buckinghamshire, indeed, in the few observa tions he made some nights since on the question of the al jenrnment, adopted the latter alternative, and received them as a censure on the Government. Much of the argu ment then used in the debate may be left out of calcula tion. If the conduct of our officers was imprudent and wrongful, we ought at once to have censured and withdrawn them. We have not done so, but on the contrary have thought it our duty to approve and support them, believ ing they had done the best according to their judgment. Having done that, of course the responsibility of their acts falls upon us ; and therefore the vete of this evening, if in favour of tho resolution., will imply a censure on us. Something, sir, struck me very painfully in the course of this debate. Nothing can be more respectable or more de serving of sympathy than an appeal to high con , iderations when made on a proper occasion, bat I cannot say as much for a parody of the language used by Lord Chatham anti Burke in circumstances totally different. (Hear.) When, sir, an appeal is made to the great principles of truth, of justice, of humanity, and of the Christian . religion, I say, sir, that appeal is a perversion of th ose sacred prin ciples, when those principles are ' only invokel in de fence of flagitious falsehoods—(cheersand counter cheere)— mi of cruel inhumanity and atrocious crimes. That, sir, is what I have heard with pain. It is-palnful to see such 1 1 )r support of an attempt to bre a k (o in wn cile all moral feelings, l m 9 orTil .'ale toin to justify crime, and induce us to confound right and wrong: What, then, is the object of this motion? The hon. member who moved it appears to aim in a great degree at his old and bosom friend, Sir John Revering. Now, I have al ways understood that the Ivey in which friends ought to deal with each other s is that indi cated by the poet,— " Be to their faelts a little blind, Be to their virtues very kin.l, And fix a padlock on the "riled." (Laughter.) But whether the hors, member f or th e West, Riding 4 ha llem a s cte , h Uu ir anitcinheese principles with regar d t o hi s dear, his t friend, Sir John Bowring, I leave to the house to determine. (.laugh.) At all events, I venture to say that there is no man whose heart will be more grieved at the enmity and bitterness, undeserved and unexpected, of an old friend than Sir John Bowring will be when he reads these debates. (Cheers ) But, sir, what is it, then, that we ale wanted to do? Are we to send out to China and say, "Tell Yeh that he is right. Tell him that subtle lawyers have discovered by a great variety of legal technic dities that the lorcha Arrow was really not a British ship according to the imperial law, that therefore he was right in what he did, anti that he may do the same again with any vessel under British colours which he may think, with what he calls reason, is liable to the same in-., suit." (Cheers.) What would be the consequences of that? Our trade at Hong Kong and Canton would be as insecure as if pirates had gained possession of the latter city as well as of other posts. These would be no security for any British property at Canton or upon the river. But would l s i i s p h g re a en son a g re afraid of me. I of triumph, would e t ahytt,t "Theseall ? why, eo wa r y e , E r n a g i have driven away all the barbarians that wore here. They tell me that England is a great power and has a great navy and army, but Englishmen aro afraid of me. I, Commissioner Yeh, will do what I like with them in future, and whether it pleases me to adorn the palisades with English rather than with Chinese heads, I will do what I please ; and their property shall be plundered by whoever chooses to do so." Would that state of things be confined to Canton ? We have great and extensive interests at other ports as well as there. Shanghai, for example, is almost a European community. W for the security of our peopl e at Sh h a a n t gh in ai an one after the news of the adoption o f suc h a mot i on as t hi s ? It would be a virtual casting-off of your B r iti s h communities; will fortnightansw e answer it would be committing them to the mercy of these barba rians ; it would be a public manifestation to the wholeworid that you are not prepared to defend with your power those, whom you have induced to place themselves and their pro- party in a foreign land. Such a proceeding would, I say, be disgraceful to the country as well as dangerous to those whom we are bound to defend. (Cheers.) The right hon. gentleman at the conclusion of his speech described in very eloquent terms the opinion which, in Ma view, foreign na tions take of the possible decision of this house. Sir, I am afraid that their view will b.) far different from that of the fight bon, gentleman, They will say, " Hero is a Power that has been formerly great in arms, whose fleas have float 3d triumphantly over every ocean; the people of this country are governed by a deliberate assembly—powerful, as the tight hon. gentleman sayi, and responsible for its acts. At last a change has come over the spirit of their dream, This mighty, and hitherto undaunted nation, who have deenied it their duty to protect their fellow-subjects wherever they were authorised by their laws to go—this proud and hitherto mighty people have laid aside their bold front and have shrank from encountering Commissioner Veh. They who have braved the armies of Russia; they who maintained a long and not unsuccessful conflict with oae of the greatest nations in the world"—with whom I ta , uat i we are destined never again to come into conflict except, as our French neighbours say, in a conflict of gene rosity—(hear, hear)—" this people are now overcome by the love of gain. (Cheers.) They fear the expenses and the efforts which may be necessary to protect their coun trymen, and they abandon a large community of British subjects at the extreme end of the globe to a sot of barba rians— a set of kidnapping, murdering, poisoning barba rians." (Cheers.) I say foreign nations would feel that _England has descended from that high station which hitherto she has occupied, at the beck of some of the basest, the meanest, and the moat degraded beings in the civilized world. (Cheers.) They would say, " What has brought about this change ?" Those who look below thu surface, those who look not merely to results, but investigate causes, would say, "Do not believe that the British nation is a party to these proceedings. (Loud cheers.) No," they would say, "take care of yourselves ; do not imagine that so bold, so brave, so generous a people are consenting parties to this cowardly arrangement, or that you may safely trust to meet with similar conduct for the future. hear.) It is an occasional event. (" Hear," and laughter.) It depends upon an accidental condition of things in the great council of the British nation. There have been - "'"`"ntiV entered into—(cheers) --among men time been kept apart by the and boy recollections of , -an. They . would their that he was offering a sort of excuse for the practice. He urges that their covetoUsnessjtistities them in practices in which nations far less civilised than they, in which Itafarl and Indians do not indulge. Well, sir, then I say that it was es3ential that We should require the fulfilment of treaty obligations because the parties with whom we had to deal were not only forgetful of . those engagements, but were going step by step in a direction to place the safety of our colony at stake. (Hear, hear.) Then, however, it is said that we ought to have commenced by reprisal. Wo did FIJ. The admiral proceeded to seize a junk. What was the re.ult ? Commissioner Teh said—" You have taken a merchant vessel for which wo do not care." Could the admiral submit to this contempt! No. Upon that it bacaatte necessary to hare recourse to further measures. But then it was said you went step ty step, allowing between each attack an interval of reflection fur Coin tuissionerYeh, but when you had seized the ship you ought to have been content—you had obtained satisfaction. What was the condition in which we should have stood 1 Yak would have said, "I have triumphed over those English ; they asked for an apology and explanation. I never made an apology no; confessed MS self wrolia. T have gaiael, 13 ..Icau victory over thes e barbariaus, l Then it was said that tivse measures had been attended with such slaughter. Have hon. members read an account given by naval officers about the c cpture of these forts? Why, he said there was a feeble resktance, which inflicted little loss upon our people, who, when they entered the forts, found that the manda rins had got boats for their own escape, but had lett the ;,arrison to its fate, that the garrison thereupon rushed into the water? What did our people do? Did they attack them? Did they fire upon them? They saved them—rescued them from the water, and then sent them in their own boats to the opposite shore. Was that a measure of cruelty ? These measures of aggression were the work of some hun dred seamen, aided, no doubt, by th oar - mince of the fleet. And you have only to rk a I hese p :Teri to see—SirJ. Bowr ing being at Hong Kong a , ,d Admiral Buytnour at C ,01,on —that the detailed execution of the meacuro rested princi pally with the admiral. And if Sir M. Seymour had said, " I think we have done enough and th/t we ou g ht n o w to be sati s fi e d , " Sir J. Bowring would have bowed to the de cision, I cal:meta au' 3 algee with those who 1321T9 taken the i Cou i ;ApatiOnti who had fora Ion; ....nurse stronge , t difference of °m t ... resentment oven not now entirely forgo,,._. say, " This combination, not daring to put forw..— acts in the face of day—h av i ng concluded a secret treaty —(cheers and laughter) —not guaranteeing their Pr's° l6 state of possession (that being tile last thing they wish to do), but guaranteeing t o eac h other the state o f possess ion which thy hope to obtain —have cautiously abstained in the resolutions they have proposed from using words which would fully in the face of day have explained and clearly developed unto all the nations the object which they have in view. (Cheers.) They have shrunk from moving an ad dress to the Queen to re move Mi n i sters wli ,se places they want to occupy. (Cheer s and laughter.) They knew that that Government, not so much perhaps for its own merits as for the demerits of those who might be its rivals — (laughter)—did possess the approval of the country, anti that, if the question were fairly put, `Aye or No, will overnxent you have that Govegezent or the Coaliti9n V 8 5-7. which we are prepared to offer you ?' They knew per- which they desire to obtain. (Hoar, hear.) You are deal fectly well what the answer of the country would be. ing with a country of immense antiquity. You have been (Loud cheers.) Knowing that, and therefore sheltering reminded in this debate that China enjoys a civilisation of themselves under the mysterious veil of unintelligible 25 centuries. Why, sir, the civilisation of Europe is no phrases, and imposing upon the conscientious feelings thing to that. But the result of those ancient habits and of honourable and respectable men who, in support- customs is the existence of great ceremony and etiquette, ing the resolution, do not stop to inquire whether and you expect that a country of that kind should not be the war is just or necessary, or what the wrongs are which outraged by the frank and sometimes the brutal freedom have produced it, but are prepared upon every occasion to of European manners. With the policy which has been assert that no recourse to force is ever legitimate or allow- indicated by the noble lord—the policy of combination able "—foreign nations will say that this coalition, prat- with other powerful European States in attempting to in tising upon the good feelings of these persons, and uniting fluent© the conduct of the Chinese by negotiations and themselves with these from whom they have been hitherto treaties—it is my firm hope and belief that ultimately, long and widely separated, have—if the result should be slowly and surely, we may attain our end; bet it is because so—succeeded in (I will useneuncivil term) extracting from the actual policy of the Government—the policy approved the house a vote the effect of which is different from that and vindicated by the noble lord—seems to me inconsistent which it would have been had they manfully and boldly with the policy of combination with other European States stated their object. (Cheers.) Foreign nations will say, that I think the time has arrived for the House of Com " Don't trust the English Government. Look at the re- mons to express au opinion upon events so startling and suit of this debate and division. There are some members upon behaviour so incoosiderate. How has the house been of the Legislature who raise the nicest legal quibbles, who called upon to express its opinion? We have been told to endeavour to excuse the most atrocious crimes —(cheers)— night of factious combinations and concerted movements. who take part with any foreigner against an Englishman, Let us see whether the facts justify such broad accusations and who—like the hon. member for the West Riding— on the part of the noble lord. Why, sir, one thing is quite almost repudiate their country. This result may have clear. Here is a motion of which notice was given by a arisen from a combination of accidental circumstances, gentleman who acts certainly in no political connection but beware how you imagine that you can venture to deal with hon. members on this side of the house, and with not with the British Government upon the assumption that many on the other side. (A. laugh) It is evident that the they represent the feelings and intention s o f th e na - mo ti on cou ld not h ave b een seen before it was placed in tion." I don't intend to follow the example of the your hands, sir, by any great number of members, because right honourable baronet the member for Carlisle (Sir —the objection was, I admit, almost a technical one— . 7. Graham), who went so far as to say that every mem- it was drawn up in such a manner, with what we call ber of this house would be accountable for the vote he the annexe of a proposed committee, that many honour may give not only to his . own conscience, not only to his able gentlemen on this side of the house at once declared constituents, not only to his countrymen, but—if I did that they could not support it in that form. (Hear, not misunderstand him—at that last day when all human her.) We have been told, sir, of party moves. I actions will be scanned. I don't go so far as that—(cheers really think the time has come when both sides of the and laughter)—but Ido say that this house bas now in its house should cease indulging in these platitudes. (Cheers keeping not only the interests, the property, and the lives and laughter.) Why, sir, everything is a party of many of our fellow-countrymen—(cheers)---but that it move in a house which ought to be ruled by party, and, has also in its keeping the honour—(cheers)—the welfare, which, if not ruled by party, would soon lose its significance. the reputation—(renewed cheers)—expressions which my What is a party but a body of men who have a policy noble friend the member for the city of London justly pre- which they recommend, and who do not shrink from the ferred to the foreign term "prestige"—of this great empire. responsibility of putting that policy into practice ? But I 1 (Cheers.) That is a sacred and a holy trust, and hon. gen- maintain that there has been no party move on the pre tlemen should conscientiously consider in what manner sent occasion. A resolution has been brought forward by they propose Ito discharge it. They may think they are the hon. member for the West Riding. On this side of only expressing their disapprobation e of the destruction of the house it has received considerable, but not unanimous certain fortresses or of particular public buildings in Can- support. I have the misfortune to differ on this occasion ton,—they may think they are only recording an opinion from many gentlemen with whom I act in political life, that less severe measures would have been sufficient to and among whom are some of my most intimate friends in meet the case,—that the additional demand made was one private life. If I look to the benches opposite I find that might have been foregone,—or that if they had been there the noble lord the member for the city. (Cheers.) in the situation of Sir John Bowring they would have He is also a party to this unprincipled combination. I acted somewhat differently. These are highly honourable really think that the First Minister should settle his conr considerations, and it is quite proper that they should teous description with his late much-cherished and hon have their due weight, but there are greater rote- oared colleague, and not with me. (A laugh.) There are rests at stake in the vote to be given to-night. (Cheers.) ace gentlemen opposite ,who once did act in very intimate This house has now to determine a question of vast int- connection with. the Conservative party, and the appre portance to British interests that now exist, and that may hension that that intimacy should be renewed has conjured hereafter accrue. Not merely the property, but I will up before the First Minister a combination at once the venture to say the lives of many of your countrymen de- most horrible and the most heterogeneous. (Cheers anti ' pond upon your vote. Those who are most averse to the laughter.) The First Minister is of all men the man who laws which inflict upon the greatest malefactors the penalty cannot bear a coalition. (Laughter.) Why, sir, he is the of death may well pause before they come to a decision archetype of political combinations without avowed prin by which they may, it is to be feared, pass sentence of ciples. (Great cheering and laughter.) See how his Go death upon many of their fellow-subjects abroad. (Hear.) vernmont is formed. It was only last year that every I have trespassed longer than I had ietended to do upon memb er o f hi s C a bi ne t i n t hi s h ouse supported a bill in the attention of th e rise, but Ido trust that hon. gentle- troduced, I think, by a late colleague. It was opposed in men will not allow themselves to be carried away by the the other house by a member of the Government, who, to eloquent flourishes which we have heard in the course of excuse his apparent inconsistency, boldly declared that the debate. I trust they will view this subject in its true when he took office the Fit st Minister required no pledge light, as bearing upon the real interests of the country ; g from him on any subject whatever. (Laughter.) Yet and lam satisfied that impartial men, who are not wedded the noble lord is alarmed anti shocked at this unprin to party; who are not members of any coalition that has elided combination ! The noble lord cannot bear coali been formed—(cheers)—and there are, and I hope always tions ! The noble lord has acted onl with those among will be, in this h ouse enemy men who act most indepen- whom he was born an d b re d in politics. (Cheers and dently and who exercise their own judgment upon the laughter.) That infant Hercules (exclaimed the right questions brought before them—will give their votes in hon. gentleman, pointing to Lord Palmerston) was taken such a manner as to maintain the honour, the dignity, out of the Whig cradle, and how consistent has been and the interests of the country. (Loud and continued his political life ! (Renewed laughter.) Looking back cheering) - upon the last half century, during which he has professed Mr. aIL ADSTONE—I rise just to say one word in- expla- almost every principle, and connected himself with almost nation. I understand that during my temporary absence every party, the noble lord has raised a warning voice to from the house the noble lord at the head of the Govern- night against coalitions, because he fears that a majority ment stated that I had defended the acts of retaliation of the House of Commons, ranking in its numbers some of which had taken place in China. Now, in answer to the most eminent members of the house—men -who have 1 that statement, I need only refer to some of the express been colleagues of the noble lord--may not approve a policy sions which I used. 1 rem e m b er t wo o f th em . I d e - w ith respect to China which has begun in outs age. and scribed those acts of retaliation as detestable acts, and I which, if pursued, will end iu ruin. (Loud cheers.) That, spoke of thorn as an abominable system of warfare. (Hear, sir, is the position of the noble lord. And what def ence o f hear.) that policy have we had from the noble lord ? Has he Lord PALMERSTON—What I said was that the right laid down a single principle on which our relations with hon. gentleman had done his best to characterise what had China ought to depend ? Has he enunciated a solitary po taken place as a wanton attack by the strong upon the litical maxim which should guide us in this moment of weak. (Hear, bear.) peril and perplexity? Oa the contrary, he has covered a Mr. DISRAELI—I wish, Sir, very briefly to recall the weak and shambling case by saying—what ?—that ho is attention of the hous e t o th e rea l i ssue w hi c h we are a b out the victim of a conspiracy. (Cheers and laught e r.) It's to decide. (Hear, hear.) Th e no bl e l or d h as entere d into the old story. How often does a when he is in the unfortunate position prisoner at the bar, on of having no (la the subject with a great deal of detail—(cries of Divide, fence, declare that the whole thing is a conspiracy ? and cheers from the Oppesition)—which I should have (Cheers.) The noble lord was singularly inconsistent in the hoped after the discussion which bas taken place had language which he addressed to the house. He carefully , become obsolete. (Divide, and hear.) Th e no bl e lord biped emearoationadstthhei him. He in al fl i u n e d n e t d ial to sections ht edi different distin guished are com has cast imputations upon the right hoa. gentl eman the guished statesmen who, disagreeing on other subjects, member for the University of Oxford, and has in- agreed in their opinion of his policy. He did not enter truded into the debate observations which must have into any manly or statesmanlike-defence of his conduct. originated from a speech made many years ago. The He reprouuced petty observations made in the course of noble lord has also found fault with the resolution the debate which I th o u g ht rea lly h a d b ecome exhausted and obsolete, and dr n he turned round and said that the upon which we are now about to decide, and has charac- whole was a conspiracy ! (Cheers) Accustomed to majo tedsed it as being indefinite, and he has attributed to me rities which have been obtained without the assertion of a the expression of an opinion that it is a vote of censure on single principle, which have, indeed, been the consequence the Government. Now, I beg to inform the noble lord that iof an occasional position, and which have, in fact ' originated 11 the noble lord's sitting on that bench without the neces sity of exp ress i ng an opinion upon any subject, foreign or and the implication that it is a vote of censure on the Ge- domestic, that can interest the heart of the country or influ verument did not originate with me, but with the learned once the opinion of the nation, the noble lord will at last Lori-Advocate. In faet, on the motion for the adjourn- find. that the time has come when, if lie be a statesman, he ment of the debate I stated that as the Government con- must have a policy—(chaers)—and that it will not do, the stdered the motion to be a vote of censure I should not be instant that t a l n i atthe accustomedbluncio; o i ni influence f r u f e h n i c s e C t lb e i o n Cabinet opinion detected, and house willing to press it prematurely to a division. I am, how - unites in condemning it, to complain to P the country that ever, unwilling to quarrel with the name the noble lord he is the victim of a conspiracy. (Cheers.) Let the noble has accepted, and I a'so accept this as a vote of censure on lord not only complain to the country, but let him appeal the Governin•'nt. I think it more for the hon ,ur of the to the country. (Cheers ) I hope th a t my constitu e nts will return me again ; if they do not, I shall be most happy House of Commons that it should be se considered than to meet him on the hustings at Tiverton. (Reueweel r that it should be regarded as a mere censure upon absent cheers.) I should like to see the programme of the proud officiale. (Hear.) I can assure the house that lam not leader of the Liberal party—" No reform, now taxee, Can ton blazing, Persia invaded." That would be the pro going to enter into any of the legal arguments which have gratnrue of the etatestuan who appeals to a great nation as been adduced, and I must admit my surprise that the de- the worthy leade©r of the cause of progress and civilisation. bate lets been so lengthened by the iutrol notion of the (Cheers.) I Lope that the house will not fora moment be legal element into the argument, because it appears to me influenced by the languid menace of the uol,le lord. I that the observations dispose of the whole of that pert of hope that hon. members will feel to-night that they have duty to perform which will be r e memb e r e d long a ft e r the subject. (Hear.) In the first place, if the Arrow lied t a his Parliament shall hare ceased to ex i s t ; and that, not been a British ship, built at Blackwell, owned by an frightened by the menace of a Minister, they will dare to Englishman, and manned by British seamen, I do not vin licate the cause of justice, and to lay down a principle, think that the Government would have been authorised without the observance of which the empire of which we to take the course which they have adopted (hear) and in are so proud may soon be questioned. (Loud and pro thet acted cheerine 1 second place the representatives of England in China -r e. , were unable to take their stand upon the case which they Mr. COBDEN—As I have been p ersona ll y re f erre d to d originally stated, and wore driven to placing the whole during the four night s o f th e d e b a t e b y many spea k ers , an d as much has been errone o u s ly attributed to me, I trust that matter on a very different issue, and therefore I think that I may claim the indulgence of the house for a few minutes the legal part of the question as regards the error is not w very materiel. The question has all along been one notofhile I reply to them. I have been accused of ungenerous law, but of policy, and it is to the question of policy that language towards Sir John Bowring. Now, I stated that I ' I shall briefly address myself, for that is the question upon had 20 years acquaintance with Sir J. Bowling, and that I would rather not refer revengefully or harshly to hien, and which we are called upon to decide, and I hope that th e house will not be diverted from the real issue which i s in- the only epithet which I applied to hie unfortunate de volved by the tone which the noble lord lord so singularly sPatehes was that in which I described one of them as th e adopted towards the close of his speech. (Hear.) Th e . most flagitious public, document which had been ever pub noble load made use of a regular du quoguc ar gumen t, , and lished. I repeat those worns, I amsorry that a sense Some gentlemen have found fault with what th e y have of duty compels me to dose. (Cheers.) The nobl e l or d a t th e described as a disregard for truth on the part of Sir John head of the Government remarked upon my cond uc t t o Bowring ; to that the noble lord replies that Y e h i s a foreigners g it as un-English. (Cries of " He ar , h ea r , " f rom be have and to my own countryme n , an d character liar.- have spoken with mere freedom than perhaps I should (" Hear, hear," and a laugh.) Some gentlemen id ei hind the Treasury benches.) Will that very sma ll k not of have allowed myself to use of the conduct of British gentlemen up in that quarter (poi n ti ng t o th e rear of the Treasury benches) cease to proclaim the nakedness of the merchants abroad ; to that the noble lord replies land by interrupting me ? because, though I know there that we who are going to vote for this resolution are will be a very large vote for the Government upon the oc influenced by a lust for gold. (" No, no," and hear.) cas . on, i those feeble cheers show that there is not verymuch Let us come to this question of policy. It appears to me that Sir J. Bowring has been unjustly treated by the ma heart in the business. (Ch eers .) If th e h ouse w i ll give me jority, indeed I may say by all the speakers who have ad. its attention I promise to be very brief. (Hear.) The dressed ta e house, because his conduct has been ratified, noble lord characterised m a y conduct as anti-English. He sanctioned, and approved by the Government, and is, in . described mo as being very prone to take the part of fe rny opinion, not to be too strictly reviewed by the House reigners, would raffia end in the same b rea th th e no bl e l or d sa id th a t of Commons. But the case is much stronger than that ; I osterit have only known Dr. Bowring as a public man, having sat p y rd me with some degree of considera with him in this house, as many of us have done; but I tion for having rendered some service to my country. I remember that three or four years ago he returned from thought there was some inconsistency in that statement, his consulate, having revisited England in order to receive and Ido not understand how posterity could regard with his instructions before he appeared in his new and superior favour one who abandoned his own countrymen and sided station at Hong Kong. Sir J. Bowring thee called on with foreigners. (Hear, hear.) There are some people several of the leading members of both Houses of Parlia- who suppose that the noble lord's motives of action are not went, and, among others, he did me the honour to call on always the best, and part of the press believe him to be ac me, though I had no social acquaintance with him. He tuated by almost treason in his public conduct. (A laugh.) talks i very frankly of his ideas with respect to the poeitien The noble lord therefore should be himself disinclined to of China and the policy to be pursued there, and lam fix on men false motives and unworthy objects. My only bound to say that the policy then recommended by Sir J. motive of conduct in this house is to promote the just in- Bowring was the policy which he has recently put in prac- terests of my country, believing them to be in harmony tics, and which is before us in the papers on the tabie. L with the interests of the whole world. (Cheers.) The have a right to assume that he spoke as frankly- to her Ma- noble lord has referred again to my remarks with respect jesty's Ministers as he did to those members of Pal liament to British merchants, and with that dexterity he knows so on whom he called, and I have further a right to assume well how to employ has attributed to me all sorts of as that they entirely shared his views and approved his pensions on the character of British merchants. Now, I policy after he entered upon the Government of Hong made no disparaging reference to British merchants as; a Kong. (Hear, hear.) Now, if this be the case, I think bady. (Cries of "Oh !") I spoke of certain merch an t s a t that under all the circumstances the conduct of Sir J. Liverpool, represented by Mr. Charles Turner, chairman, Bowring is not open to severe criticism, but that it is the who, in the name -of the East India and China Associa policy of the Government we are called on to discuss, tion, sent a memorial to Government, recommending the (Hear, hear.) It would in such circumstances be most tan- Government to insist on the opening to foreign trade of generous on our part and most unjust to make this an hale any port on the coast of China, or on a nd ny , in na: r i e g o a v b e l r e on' the personal character and conduct of an absent man. river, and on placing consuls at them, a (Hear, hear.) Let us, however, look at t his po l icy. It is desired that our ships of war should have fre e naviga , an attempt by force to increase our commercial relations tion and access to all ports and rivers in China. (Hear, with the East. (Hear, hear.) I agree with my lion. friend hear.) I say that such a document applied to an inde the member for Liverpool and my hon. friend the member pendent and great empire was never before published for Hastings that it is most desirable to have our com- to the world. (Cheers.) With respect to the language I mercial relations faith China increased ; and I should look used, it was applied, not to the merchants of Liverpool forward with great i n terest to the now treaty for that generally, but to the persons who expressed such sentimeets; object to which the noble lord has referred; but I cannot and. I say such language is worthy of reprobation. (Hear reconcile such a policy with the course that has recently hear.) The noble lord has stated that but for these unfor been pursued by the Government. (Hear, hoer.) The re i s tunate events at C anton the Government had made repro all Chi a,—viz., th a t sentat i ons to t h e G overnment of France, and was about to one idea too hueregard n England t alon js with to act with energy in order to I make them to America with a prospect of success, for a pro duce the same results as in I ndia. (Hear, hear. ) Fifty joint representation to Pekin, in favour of gre a t er commer years ago Lord Hastings offered to con q uer Chi na if he cial facilities with China. That is an i m p or t an t disclo were ony allowed 50,000 men. So great a captain as the sure, and tends immensely to aggravate the misconduct Marquis of Hastings might have conquered that empire, which has led to these unfortunate events. (Hear, hear.) but since the time when our Clives and Hastings founded Is there now a prospect of such an arrangement being our great Indian empire the position of atfairs in the made? I speak advisedly when I say I believe that Awe- East has greatly changed. Great Powers have been rice will not be a party to any combined action with the brought into contact with us in the East. We have the Government of this country on the basis now taken up in Russian Empire and the American Republic) there, and China. What does the noble lord want with another treaty a political compromise develo p in g itse lf like the balance with China? He tells us he believes the reason why . so of power in Europe ; and, if y ou ar e not cautious and few of our manufactures enter China is that there are in careful in your conduct now in dealing with China, you fennel d u ti es an d o b s t ac l es w hi c h p r even t their circulation will find that you are likely not to establish cotnnterce, inland. Well, this may be true; but I think that he is but to excite the jealousy of powerful States, and to in- mistaken. I Oink that a country which shows such an volve yourselves in hostilities with nations not inferior to alcost unparalleled freedom at her ports, that puts no re yourselves. (Hear, hear.) Look at the position in which stsiction on shipping, that gives such facilities for the . car you. put obstacles 13 have placed yourselves within these two months with rying on of business, is not very likely to i . . . the circulation of the two countries of Persia and China. (Hear, hear.) I I the way for the purpose of preventing h o pe we may have peace with Persia, end that iu a few manufactured goods in her interue. t . e _B h u in t a ifthat is the now than be. clays that peace will be announced, having probcb'y ac- reason why we sen i no wore goods C cepted the very terms we some months ago refused. ('Hear, fore the war of 1340—viz., to the xtent of only 1,2 o,ooot. hear.) But if you have peace with Persia you will pro- per annum, does the nobly lord think that the boutherd bablY have succeeded in establishing Ru ss i an ascen d anc y went of Canton will tend to remove those obstructions i n "•et country by your violent conduct , —(llear, hear)— the interior of Cilia of which he coinplains ? 'The great lord has told us, with the ;ea where also you may soon have peace, you grievance in this affair is that you are carrying on hostili- China while in, teen. - 4 the ascendancy of the United States. ties now without any definite object, and u opossibtegood will have establishea +he true state of affairs, this can arise fromth n em s; Govern. hear) If that is . nud the idea of dealog view of alarming tha T t h i e f n a o v b o e te adverse to the G h s ho uld begiven to-night the results will be most dis cstee with which wen t 8--"- world,and particularly in o i have this country must dismiss from its am... ' youth n received tl o f China it has done with barbarous Stave- etinathies, British lives may be destroyed out of revenge b ' I gt etrous all over the Powers civilised like ourselves have great see-, ... f theette tee., But we have no residents et Canton, anti and the danger is thet as in and we must habituate ourselves to the idea of by ' the ''-'..11 °- ' c h t i i c ts h in l th b e a tending to countries like China the same diplomatic in; : , forae h io r n eBl ei tercourse that we have with other nations. (Reef, hear. You cannot do that in a moment ; but I maintain that we subject a . , , Ong _, is grown they will be starved ) byt.l;laa,itlestthieeEnt,_ Kong, with China taken refuge tii WI. ~ have made great advances in our relations wi has that place scarcely any I me, howevet, that there is already, and that the policy which the Government the ' for want of provisions. pica,_ . !iy the Chinese, ii,n you Y adopted is ono which will deprive my hon.friends a thou wing enanSaMat ~ raembere i9X Liverpool d• HAS aliaugs of those very results no clanger -. must have sent out reinforcements sufficient to protect them. Those reinforcements will be able to protect the British residents in the north as well as in the south of China. It seems to me that all the mischief that could be done has been already done, for have they not burned down the factories and all the mercantile residences at Canton 8,000 or 10,009 houses have been du troyed—that is to say, the residences of about 30,000 or 40,000 inhabitants. All this mischief is done, and a vote of this house cannot make the matter worse. The noble lord predicts that terrible dangers would result from a change of ministry ; but we all remember that in the midst of the last Chinese war, in 1840, Sir Robert Peel was carried into power,—and yet we do not find that British interests in China suffered by that change of ministry, for the war was, in fact, carried on more fiercely than before. The noble lord has found fault with the terms of my motion, which he says were dictated by a combination of parties ; but I beg to state distinctly that no one in this house, with the exception of my right honourable friend the member for Manchester (Mr. M. Gibson), was consulted by me with regard to the terms of my motion. Neither directly nor indirectly, was any in timation given of my motion to any hon. gentleman oppo site, or in any other part of the house, with the exception of my right hon. friend. I challenge contradiction of that asaertion from any and every quarter. (Cheers.) How, then, can the noble lord charge me with entering into a conspiracy to drive him from office ? He has talked about party com binations, but why has he not had the boldness to tell the house that I cannot hope to gain anything by a change of ministry ? I shall not take office in consequence of any change of ministry, nor do I hope or expect that the divi sion on my motion will lead to that change of ministry of which the noble lord has so much dread. But even if that should be the result of my motion I do not think that a change of Ministry would be any great calamity. (Laughter.) During the 17 or 18 years that I have liscl a seat in this house I know that, whenever a change of Ministry is expected those who are interested in supporting the existing Ministry are all on the qui rive— they tell us that Heaven and earth will come together if tho dreaded change should happen. And I never knew a change of Government where the people did not gain some thing by it. ( Laughter and cheers.) And I will tell the house what will be the result of a change of Ministers. I take it for granted that either the right hon gentleman opposite (Mr. Disraeli) or my right hon. friend near me (Mr. Gladstone) will be the Chancellor of the Exchequer. What will be the effect ? They will take that budget and reconsider it, an I we shall have a reduction of 2,000,0 Of. in the expend,ture. Now, the noble lord (Palmerston) sometimes dealt some hard blows at me, but there is so much polish in his thrusts Vast it is impossible for me to be angry with him. (Cheers.) No person in this house has fewer enemies, and lam not among them. (Hear.) Yet I will tell the noble lord candidly that I should make a most excellent bargain for the country if I disposed of him for that 2,009,000/. of reduction. (Much laughter, in which Lord Palmerston heartily joined.) I have only one more remark to make, and it is about the hon. and learned member for Hertford. I must confess his speech a little surprised me. (hear, hear.) He took me to task for the character 1 had given of British merchants engaged in the China trade, and he argued in favour of calling those Bri tish merchants to give evidence in favour of the Govern ment. Now, if any one happens to recollect, there was a little while ago a meeting at the Freemasons' Tavern, at which Lord Shaftesbury ought to have presided, but being obliged to rig up a. jury-mast—(a laugh)—and improvise a president, they called upon the hon. and learned member for Hertford to take the chair. What was that meeting for? Why, every speaker denounced the British mer chants in China for carrying on the opium trade. (Hear, hear.) It was from those speeches, which I carefully read, and from which, as is my wont, I cut out certain passages, that I got so much information with rega rd to these Chinese merchants. (Cheers and laughter.) I can never be angry with the hon. member for Liverpool, who has certainly a feminine way of scolding, but if I bad in troduced a tithe of the facts which hav e been forced upon my notice as to the doings of this exceptional body of Bri tish merchants, the hon. member, instead of scolding me, would have been obliged to find arguments to defend his friends. The hon. member for Hertford (Mr. T. Chambers) took us to task for not acting in a judicial way. He was the president of a meeting where the speakers excommuni cated and outlawed the British merchants, yet he called upon these outlawed representatives of the British mer chants as evidence to the character of the Government. (Laughter.) I am obliged to the house for having heard me. In all sincerity I wish this motion to be taken without re ference to its consequences, and with the sole desire to do justice to the merits of the case. I think it hard that any hon. gentleman should be debarred from giving an honest vote on a question of this importance. I will admit that Parliament government must be carried on by parties. If parties were more advanced, and came up to my standard, I might join them; but as it is I am isolated, and am con tent to be a pioneer. But there are great occasions upon which all parties ought to give an honest and conscientious vote. We all of us have moments when we look back upon such a vote as this with more satisfaction than any vote given in the mere scramble of parties. I tell my hon. friends near me (on the Ministerial benches), many of whom, I fear, are giving their votes with heavy hearts, that I wish they would look at this question free from party bias, and give that vote which will be most for thole own peace and happiness of mind. (Cheers.) Mr. SINNAIRD was unable to obtain a hearing for some moments in consequence of loud cries of "Divide?' Silence was restored, upon his promise not to detain the house, and he then said he was present at the meeting referred to by the hon. member for the West Riding, and he did not shrink from owning it. The right hon. mem ber for Wiltshire asked him how he could reconcile the vote he was about to give in favour of the Government with his objections to the opium traffic, and the right hon. baronet, the member for Carlisle wont so far as to say he washed his hands of the blood-guiltiness in the slaughter at Canton. For the hundreds of lives lost by recent pro ceedings at Canton hundreds of thousands of lives were lost in consequence of the opium trade. The house then divided, and the numbers were— For the motion Against it Majority against the Government l6 As soon as the clerk at the table handed to Mr. Cobden the paper containing the statement of the numbers, and it was seen that the Government was defeated, there was a loud cheer, which was suspended while the numbers were announced ; but after their announcement it was repeated, and continued for some minutes. THE WINE DUTIES. Mr. OLIVEXItA Lad upon the paper a notice of motion for the appointment of a select committee upon the wino duties; but, at the suggestion of the Chancellor of the Ex,thequer, ho consented to postpone it for a fortnight. The house adjourned at 25 minutes after 2 o'clock. Comltry Markets. LIVERPOOL M -__AROH 3. At this morning's market we had a moderate attendance of dealers, but their operations were rather unimportant. Wheat sold at Friday's full rates, and in some instances Id and 2d per bushel decline on the w, ek was submitted to. Flour has still a dragging sale, and can be bought on easier terms. Indian corn was in less demand to-day, and prices were barely supported, No other change occurred is the week's quotations. LEEDS, MARCH 3. Our supplies of wheat are moderate, and the condition ifi not much improved ; the trade rules slow, and we cannot quote any alteration in prices from Friday. Barloy is hold for extreme rates, which rather checks business. Beans are fully as dear. Oats and other articles as before. Average prices of grain —Wheat, 55s 7d ; barley, 47$ 2d ; oats, 27s 2d ; beans, 40s 4d ; peas, --s —d ; rye, 40s. 10d. HULL, MABOH 3. There was a moder :to supply of wheat from the farmers to• day, which met a ready sale at Is over last Tuesday's rates. Foreign without alteration. Barley fully as dear. A littl• more demand for beans and fresh oats. Linseed unaltered. Cakes firmer. 3 81 Wheat, English, red 56 to 60; Ditto white 6O to 63; Dantzie and Konigs- I S. O. Peas, grey and black to - 'Linseed, Black Sea 68 to 70 Ditto Petersburgh - 56 to 67 Ditto Rigaand angel berg - 65 to 70; PomeranianandHam- burgh Danhsh,Holstein, and _ . 1 !Ditto Konigsberg and Memel - - 5 O 5O t o 58 Friesland - 54 to 58 1 Russian Ditto Oats, iitttto EFDrnaigue a lsi n isls d ahhn d O d e s s a 222 5 363 8 i t 000 0 223 6 808 :3 Ditto Russian 27 to 30 Barley, malting Ditto grinding 32 to 38 Beans Ditto foreign Peas, white and yel 4O to 42 Per Ton Lins.c., Hull 0/ Os to 101 15 s Od Ditto fine for.Bl lOs Od 1010 e Ditto inf. for olos Od to 010/ Rapeseed OOl Os to 001 01 Rape cakes —s Od to 137 s 64 Tares, English O/. to --a Ditto foreign Guano OOl Os 81 tol3l Bones Flour, per brl. 355. 38e. COURSE OF EXCHANGE.-YESTERDAY. tmsterdam...... ...... 11 16 Ditto, three months .. 11 18% Rotterdam 11 18% Antwerp .............. 25 52% Brussels .... • • ........ 25 50 Ramburgh ............ 13 8% A.ltona • • • • •• •• •41 •• •• • • Pari5........ _,.. • • .... 25 27% Ditto, three months .. 25 67% Marseilles ............. 25 70 Botirdeaux .. • • ...• .... Fr ankfort-on- Koine 119% Gibraltar Leghorn .. •• •••• •• •• •• 29 45 Genoa .......... 25 7234 Milan •• •• •• •• •• •• •• •• Venice• • •... •......... Naples 437 k Palermo .• •• •••••• •• .. 130 Messina ... l3o;i Lisbon .... 511( Oporto .• •• •••• ••••• • • • • • 52 Rio Janeiro • ••.... Buenos Ayres• • •• •• Now York,6o days' sight —. Vienna •• •• •• •• •• •• •• 00 10 27 j Philadelphia rricate .• •• •• 10 23 Petersburg ............ 3744 Ntadrid •••••••• • .. •• •• 49 4 Cadiz .•••••• •• •• .....• 50 Barcelona Seville micas or isriLLION, Plea oz. Foreign Gold in Bars £3 17 9 Portugal Gold Coin 0 0 0 Mexican Dollars .... 0 0 0 Now Dollars 0 0 0 Silver in bars 0 b 1% BIRTHS, OF A SON. On the 11 inst., in Manchester-square, the wife of &bat Pashley, Esq., Q. c• On the 2d inst., at Talse-hill, the wife of Mr. Sohn Bard. castle. _ _ OF A DACGIITER. On the 2d inst., at 18, Inverness-terrace, Ilyde•park, tlii wife of H. J. Noyes, Esq. On the 21 inst., at 2, C ornwall-terrace, Lee, Kent, the lady of Mr. C. B. H oc kl y. MARRIED. On the 28th ult., at New College Chapel, St. John's-wood fi e ld Villas, Kilburn. On the , of ( leucva, to Mary Fowler, of Spring. Isaac Antoii7nteb. of January last, at Allahabad, India, Joh n Grattan Anders on, E sq., late of 11.1 q 's 37th Regt., second surviving son of Lieut.-Colonel H. Anderson, of Fort Am. heist, Chatham, to Alice Morgan, only daughter of William Abbott, Esq., jun., of Doctors'-commons. DIED. On the 3d inst., at 30, Cavendish-square, Lieut.-General Felix Calvert, C. 8., Colonel of the 90th Regt., aged 67. On Le 2.41 inst., at 15, Addington-place, Camberwell, Peter Andrew Spence Esq of Crosby-hall-chambers, Bishopsgate• street, aged 67 . ' On the 2d inst., at 484, Oxford-street, Bloomsbury, Maria, wife of M r . Thomas Bourne, resident secretary New National Assurance and Loan Company. On the 2d inst , at Ityde, Isle of Wight, Anna Maria, the wife of the Rev. Frank Hudson. On the Ist inst., at , Valworth Caste, co. Durham, Anne, relict of Lieut. -General Aylmer, aged 80. Ou the Ist inst., at Hayes, Kent, Lydia, wife of the Rev. William Drummond, aged 52. On the 28th ult., at Longsight Abbey, Plymouth-grove, Manchester, James Fernley, Esq., aged 62. LONDON : Printed and Pnblighed by MURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No. 112, Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the county of Atichilegezi WOClllefhlaYi larch 4, MT,