The Sun. — London, England, 1847-07-07 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAME7NT , HOUSE OF LORDS, .7 uly 6. The House met for public business at Five o'clock. The Earl cf SHAFTESBURY took his seat on the Woolsack in the absence of the Lord Chancellor. Lord BROUGHAM presented petitions from Car lisle in favour of the Medical Registration Biil. The Noble and Learned Lord also presented several petitions from Worcester and other places in favour of the Health of Towns Bill, and in favour of the Bill for a Registration of Births, Deaths, and Marrial;es in Scot land ; he presented petitions from Dundee, praying f..:r the alteration of the laws of real property. BRIBERY AND CORRUPTION. Lord BROUGHAM laid on the table the resolutions bat he intended to move on Monday next, with respect t the prevention of bribery and corruption at election*,. HOLYHEAD HARBOUR BILL. Earl POWIS presented petitions against the Holy head Harbour BilL The Earl of AUCKLAND gave notice that, upon the second reading of this Bill, he should move that it be referred to a Select Committee. Their Lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, July G. The SMILER took the chair shortly after Twelve o'clo( k. Mr. HUTT moved that the standing order, No. 124, requiring a breviate to be laid on the table of the House three clear days before the second reading of a private Bill, be suspended in the case of the Sunderland Im provement, Markets, and Bridge Bill (No. 2), and that the Bill be read a second time this day. Mr. HUDSON objected to the motion, and expressed a hope that the Hon. Member would not persevere wi,h it, but let the Bill take its regular course, and thereby give all parties an opportunity of expressing their opinions upon it. After a short discussion, the motion was postponed till to-morrow. SECOND READINGS. The following Bills were read a second time, and ordered to be committed:—Argyle Canal—Newbart (or Gravenor's) Estate—Paterson's Estate—Piekernell's Estate—Wingfield's (or St. Aubyn's) Estate. YORK AND NEW CASTLE RAILWAY. On the motion of Mr. HUDSON the report on the York and Newcastle Railway (Main Line Improvement, &c.) was further considered and agreed to. LORDS' AMENDMENTS. The Lords' Amendments to the following Bills were considered and agreed to: — Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham Railway (Wisbech to Sutton-bridge, &c.) Edinburgh and Northern Railway (Burntisland Pier, _ &c.) Kilmarnock Police and Improvement. Midland Railway (Erewash Valley, &c.) HEALTH OF TOWNS BILL. The House then resolved itself into a Committee of Supply, and Lord Morpeth moved a resolution autho rising the Treasury to make certain advances. Lord GEORGE BENTINCK would oppose the mo tion unless the Noble Lord would state the sum required. Lord MORPETLI could not state the exact sum re quired. The course pursued by the Government was the usual one. Mr. HUDSON opposed the resolution, and would divide the House upon it if he stood alone, unless some specific sum were mentioned. After some observations from the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, _ _ Mr. BANKES considered a subject like the present ought not to be discussed at the present time, and he would ♦ote for the adoption of any course that would postpone the vote. Mr. HUME supported the resrdution. Nothing was more likely to lessen the poor-rates than to improve the sanatory condition of towns. There could be no doubt the provisions of the Bill would have that effect, and he thought, therefore, that the House ought to do nothing to weaken the effects of the Bill. Captain PECHELL supported the resolution, be cause it would do away with the supposition that his constituents would be saddled with the expense of in spectors and other officers. Ilis constituents were in favour of the Bill, provided they were not to be saddled with expenses. Mr. SPOONER would be compelled to vote against the motion of his Right Honourable Friend the Lord Mayor of York if he persevered with it. Mr. G. PALMER opposed the resolution. Mr. HENLEY also opposed the resolution. Lord GEORGE BENTINCK proposed to limit the expenditure to 20,0001. The Earl of LINCOLN supported the proposal of Lord G. Bentinck. Although he did not think it would remedy the evils complained of in the Government measure. He was sure that the sum to be granted by the Treasury ought not to exceed 20,0001. Lord MORPETH thought that, if the suggestion of the Noble Lord was a3opted, it might have the effect of limiting the usefulness of the Bill. Mr. HUME objected to the naming of a specific sum, because he was sure if a certain sum was named the commissioners would spend the whole of it. He was content to leave the matter in the hands of the Go vernment. After some observations from Mr. W. MILES, Strangers were ordered to withdraw, but no division took place, the reso lution being agreed to without it. The House then resumed, and the report on the reso lution was ordered to be received to-morrow. The House then resolved itself into a Committee on the Health of Towns Bill. On the 20th clause being proposed, Captain PECHELL objected to the latter part of the clause with respect to the election of commissioners. Mr. HUDSON still entertained the strongest ob• jections to the Bill, because corporate towns were bound to accept its provisions, while towns that were not corporate were not. He had no doubt, if the constituents of the Honourable and Gallant Member for Brighton were compelled to accept of the provisions of the Bill, he would be found in opposit;on to it. After some discussion, the clause, with some verbal amendments, was agreed to, and ordered to stand part of the Bill. On clause 21 being proposed, Captain PECIIELL moved the following amendment: —That after the word " electing," the following words should be inserted—" the said town commissioners every ratepayer sh ail have and be entitled to give on e vo te and no more in respect of the property for which he is qualified to vote at such election, and that for the pur pose of conducting the election." After a few words from Lord MORPETH, Mr. JOHN STEWART said, that great doubts had been expressed by the judges as to the proper construc tion of the Clauses Consolidation Bill, and the principle which prevailed in that Bill, namely, the incorporation of the principle of general measures into particular Acts, was the same in this Bill. He thought, therefore, that it should not be hurried through the House, but that they should give the matter that due deliberation which the importance of the subject demanded. Mr. HENLEY said that the Clauses Consolidation Bill had been hurried through an inattentive House, and this Bill was to be carried through in a similar hurry, They would require to frame another Bill to explain the 250 clauses in this Bill.—(Laughter.) He should like to hear from the Attorney-General his de finition of " ratepayer" under the operation of this clause. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL denied that the pre sent Government were accountable for the system of legislation complained of by Hon. Members. The sys tem was by no means a new one, but had been in opera tion for many years, and was deemed convenient for the public. The sense of the clauses could be easily ex plained by reference to the Companies Clauses Consolidation Act. A personal discussion arose between Mr. WAKLEY and Mr. HUDSON, in consequence of the Hon. Member for Finsbury reading a letter from Dr. Laycock, of York, which stated that the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor of York knew nothing of the sanatory condition of that city; that he had not assisted the poor, and that his only communication with them had been many years ago, when he officiated as a Methodist exhorter. Captain PECHELL ultimately withdrew his amend ;neat, the further consideration of the clause being post poned. The House then resumed, the Chairman reported pro gress, and the consideration of the remaining clauses were postponed till Thursday, at twelve o'clock. The House then adjourned till Five o'clock. The House resumed at Five o'clock. Sir HOWARD DOUGLAS presented a petition from Liverpool, against any alteration in the navigation laws. On the motion of Mr. T. DUNCOMBE, the following returns were agreed to :—Return of all papers, reports, communications, and correspondence among the Post office authorities relative to the dismissal of Robert Grapes, late a general post letter carrier in the General Post-office ; showing the grounds of such dismissal, with a copy of the order read to Robert Grapes on Saturday evening, the 3d day of July, by Thomas Boydon, the assistant inspector, announcing such dismissal; also, a copy of the remain ing charges brought against the Superintending Presi desit and the Inspector of letter carriers by the said Robert Grapes, the correspondence between Robert Grapes and the Post-office authorities relative thereto, with the reason why the further investigation of such charges has been discontinued by Mr. Peacock, solicitor to the Post-office ; also, a copy of the evidence given before Mr. Peacock during the late investigation of Ro • ben Grapes' charges, with Mr. Peacock's report thereon. SPANISH BONDS. Lord G. BENTINCK then rose to move an address to the Crown, praying her Majesty to take such steps as her Majesty may be graciously pleased to deem advisable to secure for the British holders of unpaid Spanish Bond. redress from the Government of Spain. That. Country, the Noble Lord stated, owed to foreign coun tries a debt amounting to 78 millions sterling, but for the last few years she had only paid interest upon about seven millions. The claims of British subjects upon Spain amounted to forty•six millions, and he should contend that this debt could be legally recovered under the law of nations, while he should at the same time show that Spain was fully able to pay it. Within the last twelve years the revenue of Spain had doubled, and, according to the last state twilit of their Minister of Finance, she had considerable excoss over her expenditure, notwithstanding that it was most extravagant. The population of Spain amounted to fifteen millions, whilst her revenue amounted to 12,266,000/. Prussia, with the same popu lation, maintained her government with 8,000,0001., end, notwithstanding the economy of her revenue, she 'was able to pay her debts and maintain her credit. 'The reason of this was explained when they bore in rainzi that the Court of Spain was one of the most profli gate ar.'d extravagant in the world. The expenses of the Court alone amounted to 140,0001. more than the Whole mount received by the queen of England. But that would be nothing to them if sp , ,i,i paid her debts ; bit she refused to dc any thing of the sort, notwithstanding that she h,d a surplus over her revenue of 422,0001. per anne . m. The Noble Lord then referred to Grotius as an authori t y for resorting to stringent measures for the recovery of just debts due to one country from a country unwilling to discharge them. There was no dispute about the debt, as it had been recognised by each Finance Minister and by all the Governments of Spain; but long . before the time of either Grotius or Vatel the right of one nation to receive just debts from another by reprisal, if necessary, was recognised. During the time of the Romans, forinstance, no law was more stringently observed than that of paying what one owed. He was glad to have an opportunity of discussing this matter in the presence of the Noble Lord (Lord Palmerston) , because no Minis ter of this country had been more anxious to protect this country from being injured by the ladies of other nations.—(Hear, hear.) In 1818 Sir Robert Walpole endeavoured to pass a Bill empowering the Government to make loans to foreign nations without the interven tion of the House ; but the House of Commons . re stricted the Bill, and made it apply to one specific object. In 1635, by the conduct of the British Government, a large sum of money owing by Prussia to persons in this country was paid, and William Frederick of Prussia adopted a similar course towards Spain, which owed some of his subjects a large sum of money, as he seized a ship, and by this reprisal succeeded in the object he had in view. The Noble Lord quoted other instances. British subjects had lent their money to the Spanish nation with their eyes open—in fact, the money was lent at a cheaper rate than that lent to the British Government from 1803 to 1814, as it was lent at 651. for 1001. stock.—(Hear, hear.) His Noble .12 riend (Lord Palmerston) stated that if Portugal did not defray the sums due to the Auxiliary Legion of Portugal, he would compel them. Lord Howard de Walden was instructed in 1840 to inform:her Faithful Majesty that unless the convention for this purpose was immediately agreed to and he was enabled to return it ratified in a fortnight, the British Government would take immediate measures to obtain redress.—(Hear.) Altogether there was owing, with arrears of interest, 341,755/. which was due to the Duke of Wellington, Lord Beresford, and a number of other well known British officers, the whole of which was paid; and his Noble Friend adopted a similar course with respect to the United States with similar results. There was no excuse why Spain should not pay those debts, for he found that the value of the exports from Porto Rico and. Cuba had greatly increased of late years. He found that the exports of Porto Rico, which in 1834 had been only 938,000/., had increased in 1845 to 2,000,000/., and the revenue last year from Porto Rico and Cuba amounted to 2,`2.62,500/. He thought, therefore, that the resources of Spain were amply suffi cient to pay her debts. The whole amount contri buted by Spanish people to pay off that country's foreign debt was only 200,000/. per annum, or about 3d. per head on the whole of the population. Now, if any country in the world had a light to call upon Spain to pay her just debts, it was England—England, which had never neglected her duty—which had paid 20s. in the pound—which had freed the continent from the tyranny of Napoleon ; surely England was en titled to ask a nation, rich in resources, to pay 3s. 6d. in the pound, or three farthings per week for each individual of her population. Spain, when she settled with her own creditors, allowed for ever 100/. 2501. of stock, which was then at 60 per cent. Interest. The result was that the home creditor was receiving interest at the rate of ii per cent., while the foreign creditors were literally receiving nothing. He (Lord G. Bentinck) did not stand there the tool of the great money lenders of the city ; he stood there in the proud position of the advocate of the widows and the orphans of the brave men who fought and fell in Spain, and whose little property was lost in the funds of that country. His sympathies were with that class, and he would take the liberty of reading to the House a letter from an individual of that class which always received the sympathy of that house—he meant a retired half pay officer. The Noble Lord then read the letter, which stated that the whole of thirty years' savings (5,0001.) had been in one unfortunate hour vested in the Spanish funds. The claims of a large family had com pelled him to part with that stock from time to time, until he was now in the position that he had nothing , further to lose. He called upon the Government to com pel Spain to make good those just claims. Tho Noble Lord then concluded b 3 reading his motion. Lord PALMERSTON said, that however he admitted the justness of the claims of the Spanish bondholders, he felt still that he could not coincide in the mode by which the Noble Lord sought to enforce them. He could not consent that Great Britain should urge, by any threaten ing mode, the claims of her subjects. , Were this an in fringement on the trade and commerce of the British subjects, the Government of this country would have but one course to pursue, but this was a very different case, and justice could only be bad by means of the law of the country in question. If that law were badly ad ministered, or so defective that injustice would be offered to the subject of this country, then this Government might have a right to interfere, but this was a contract entered into between private individuals and a foreign state, and only by the laws of that country could redress be obtained. If , individuals were pleased to risk an investment of capital in the funds of a foreign country at their own risk they did it, but it could not surely be maintained that the British Government should then be compelled to step in and to enforce the claims of these subjects. He could not, entertaining these opinions, agree in the propriety of the address to her Majesty, which had been moved by the Noble Lord. He considered that it was most disgraceful on the part of Spain not to pay these debts. He would not retract the expression. —(Hear, hear.) He considered it most disgraceful that that country should have squandered their resources, that the Mem bers of the Administration should, by a system of pil lage, be allowed to amass large fortunes—(Hear, hear) —while the honest creditor was allowed to sink into a state of destitution and of ruin. Spain had no excuse to offer: her resources were double what it had been ten years ago, and might be doubled again if the energies of the country were properly directed. But with her re strictive system of commerce, a contraband trade was induced, which employed at least 130,000 men, while another 20,000 was employed in watching these. — (Laughter.) This might be termed protection to native manufactures.—(Laughter.) But there was no industry excepting the industry of the contrabandists, which made a man a smuggler to-day and a robber to-morrow. Such was the present state of Spain, and while this state of things continued there remained little hope that matters would be improved. He was bound to say that all the efforts of this country for the liberating of Spain had been counteracted by the mis taken jealousy of the French Government. He hoped, however, that the time might yet arrive when Spain would be induced to sweep away this restrictive system, which may enable her to double her resources, and so to pay the just debts which were due to other countries ; he trusted that they would see soon that the interest due upon their debt was not their own, and that they were only in the situation of receivers of the revenue to that extent for the behoof of others. He trusted that the North American States would soon wipe away the dis- grace which at present attached to their non-payment of their obligations, and on that point, therefore, he would follow the Noble Lord no further. The Noble Lord referred to the enforcement by Great Britain of the treaty of 1814, of the claims of Marshal Beresford and other sub jects of the British Crown, but the Noble Lord would see that there was a very great difference between that case and the present. In the former case, the Govern ment of this country had been one of the contracting parties ; in the latter, the co n t rac t was one b e t ween privateindividuals and a foreign country. But at the same time he would call upon foreign countries to do justice to the subj e cts of this country, because the time might come when the Govern ment might be compelled by that House no longer to see 150,000,0001. of money due to British subjects, without , one farthing of interest upon that money being paid. It ' was not that the British Government were afraid of any icountry that they were so long quiet, for they feared not interests of or all of these foreign countries , where the of the British subjects were involved.—(Cheers.) Mr. HUME thought that where the private subjects of Britain had claims upon any foreign countries, it wad the more incumbent on the British Government to inter fere; with respect to North America. he trusted that the tone of the Noble Lord would influence North America to repay the obligations they had incurred, and to retrieve their foreign high moral character. Lord G. BENTINCK said, that after the very satis factory manner in which the Noble Lord had met his motion, he should not think of pressing it, and he would, therefore, with the sanction of the House, beg leave to withdraw it. Mr. P. BORTHWICK said, that the words of the Noble Lord would be more effectual to the procuring of justice for the people of this country, than an army would. Sir DE LACY EVANS said that the subject of Spain could never be introduced without an attack being made on the present dynasty. He did not think that this was altogether fair, and however much attached the Hon. Member opposite might be to the deposed family, he should be prepared to do, at least, justice to he reigning Queen. The motion was then withdrawn. THE LEADERS OF THE JUNTA. In answer to a question from Mr. HORSMAN,° Lord PALMERSTON said , that although I C le' pu rpose of would not trea t with the Junta for the °n of including Count Des Antas and Sa Bandiera, in the general amnesty issued by the Portuguese Government, vet he had no doubt but the y were included in it. • In answer to a question from Mr. P. BORTHWICK, Lord PALMERSTON said that the Government had formally pronounced the freedom of the prisoners now on the coast of Africa at the departure of the last dispatch; no ship had, however, been sent for them. BILL FOR THE REPEAL OF DISCRIMINATING DUTIES ON REFINED SUGARS. Mr. MOFFATT moved for leave to bring in a Bill for this purpose. Mr. EWART seconded the motion. He was opposed to all discriminating duties on teas and sugars, and he thought the period was come when all such should Le done away with. On the question being put, The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER opposed the motion. lie thought it would be well to postpone the matter for a year, when the whole question would require to be reconsidered. Mr. MOFFATT, after a few words, withdrew his motion. t. 4 THE SON, LONDON_ the second reading. He thought that this subject woof ii be well left over to another session. Leave was given to bring in the Bill. ACCIDENTS IN COLLIERIES. Mr. HUME, in the absence of Mr. Duncombe, moved for leave to bring in a Bill to prevent the us'3 of gunpowder and candles in collieries. After a few words from Sir G. GREY, Leave was given to bring in the Bill. SaNDE. Mr. HUME moved for copies of all the correspond ence that has taken place between the Court of Directors and the Secret Committee with the Government of India and the Board of Control, on the subject of Scinde, since last returns ; and a return of the Revenue and expendi ture of India for the last three years.—Motion agreed to. PAYMENTS TO MINISTERS AND CONGRE- POOR REMOVAL BILL. Mr. FITZROY moved for leave to bring in a Bill to explain an Act of the 10th year of her present Majesty for amending the laws relating to the removal of the poor. Sir GEORGE GREY said that he would offer no opposition to the introduction of the Bill, but he would not promise the Hon. Member that he should support GATIONS. Mr. HUME also moved for a return of all payments during the years 1844, 1845, 1846, and 1847, under the Act 6 Geo. IV., c. 87, to ministers and congregations, and others, abroad, with the names and places, and amounts to each in each year, and the aggregate sum in each vear.—Motion agreed to. GRANTS TO PROTESTANT DISSENTERS. Mr. HUME also moved for copies of any correspond ence, since the Ist day of January, 1847, between the Non-conforming or Protestant Dissenting ministers in Ireland and the Irish Government or the Treasury, re specting any increase in their grant, or any suspension of the rules under which the congregations have to pay certain sums before their ministers can receive the Par liamentary grant.—Motion agreed to. PROPERTY AND INCOME-TAX. Mr. MOFFATT moved for a return of the charge on persons in trade and professions to the property and in come-tax, 5 and 6 Vic , c. 35, under schedule 1), fcr the year ending the 5Lh day of January, 1847, distingui,h ing the amounts charged in classes, from above 1501. and under 2001 ; 2001. and under 3001. ; 300/. and under 400/. ; 4001. and under 5001. ; 5001. and under 6001. ; 6001. and under 700/. ; 7001. and under 8001. ; 800/. and under 900/. ; 9001. and under 1.000/. ; 1,000/. and under 1,500/. ; 1,500/. and under 2,000/. ; 2,500/. and under 3,000/. ; 3,000/. and under 4,000/. ; 4,000/. and unler 5,000/. ; 5,000/. and under 10.000/. ; 10,000/. and under 20,0001. ; 20,000/. and under 30,000/. ; 30,0001. and under 50,000/. ; 50,000/. and upwards ; showing the amount chargeable in each class, the number of persons in each class, and the amount of tax received from each class. Also, for a return of charge to the property and income tax, 5 and 6 Vic., c. 35, on persons in receipt of salaries, pensions, annuities, or other payments under schedule E, distinguishing the amounts charged in classes, from above 150/. and under 2001. ; 2001. and under 300/. ; 300/. and under 400/. ; 400/. and under 5001. ; 500/. and under 600/ ; 600/. and under 7001. ; 700/. and under 800/. ; 800/. and under 900/. ; 9001. and under 1,000/. ; 1,000/. and under 1,500/. ; 1,500/. and under 2,000/. ; 2,0001. and under 3,000/. ; 3,000/. and under 4,000/. ; 4,000/. and under 5,0001. ; 5,000/. and upwards ; showing the amount chargeable in each class, the number of persons in each class, and the amount of tax received from each class. Also for a return of the net amount of property and income tax received for the year ending the sth day of January, 1846, classed under the several schedules A, B, C, 1), and E, contained in the Act sth and 6th Vic., cap. 35. Also a like return for the year ending the sth day of January, 1847.-Motions agreed to. INVESTMENT OF TRUST MONIES. Mr. HOPE moved for, and obtained leave to, bring in a Bill to facilitate the investment of trust monies in the improvement of land. MASTERS IN CHANCERY.-AFFIDAVIT OFFICE BILL. The House then went into Committee on this Bill, the several clauses were agreed to, and the Bill was reported. CUSTODY OF OFFENDERS BILL. On the motion of the CHANCELLOR of the EX CHEQUER the Bill was read a third time and passed. JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES' BILL. This Bill was also read a third time and passed. STOCK IN TRADE EXEMPTION BILL. This Bill went through Committee, and the several clauses were agreed to. DRAINAGE OF LAND (IRELAND) BILL. The report upon this Bill was brought up and agreed to, and the Bill was ordered to be engrossed. SHANNON NAVIGATION BILL. This Bill was read a third time and passed. MUSSEL FISHERIES BILL (SCOTLAND.) Report received. NEW ZEALAND COMPANY BILL Report received. LONDON BRIDGE APPROACHES BILL. Order for the second reading of this Bill discharged. POST-OFFICE BILL. On the order of the day being read for bringing up the report on this Bill for the purpose of discharging it, Mr. AGLIONBY inquired if the Hon. Gentleman had turned his attention to the subject of having one uniform rate of postage between this country and all the colonies? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said he would consider the matter. The report was then ordered to be brought up to morrow. RAJA OF S ATTAR A. On the order of the day being read for resuming the adjourned debate on this subject, Mr. E WART put it to the Government, as the sub ject was creating a deep impression in the public mind, whether it would not be advisable and politic to insti tute an inquiry into the claims of the Raja? As the Hon. Member, however, was proceeding to deliver a speech, he was called to order by The SPEAKER, who said that the Hon. Memb( r must con flu? himself to the question he had risen to put. Mr. E WART then simply asked the question. Sir J. C. HOBLIOUSE assured the Hon. Gentleman who brought forward the motion and the Hon. Gentle man who had asked the question that if the R ija of Sattara had been unjustly deposed that he ought to l.e rein,tated. He should be the last man to object to an inquiry. He felt, however, that he could not consistently with his duty accede to the motion. The question of his claims had been fully discussed on a motion of the Hon. Member in 1845 ; it would be, therefore, sufficient for him now to state briefly the nature of the whole ques tion. He denied that the Raja was an independent Prince, and that this country was bound to him by a sacred treaty to sustain him on the throne. It was true he was the son of Sevige ; but this man, and those connected with him were the mere puppets of the dominant powers—the governors of tho Mahratta empire. He was born in Persia, and both he and his relatives were utterly powerless. Captain Grant stated that he was sly, and given to dissimulation and intrigue, and General Briggs gave a most prophetic account of him. After mentioning his goo d qualities, he stated that the Raja appeared disposed to remove himself from the control of this nation, under whose control he was stated to have been placed, and that his passion for in trigue, and inordinate notion of power, would even tually lead to his ruin. He admitted that General Briggs had stated that he had found reason to change his opinion since he made this statement ; but he (Sir John C. Hobhouse) contended that the statement first made by him was more worthy of credence, from the circumstances under which it was made. General Lod wick—and a change had also come over his dream — stated that the Raja acted entirely without control, and as if he were not bound by the treaty with this country, by which the British Government put him upon the throne, and pledged itself to keep him there, on his ob serving certain conditions, which he had broken. This he thought was sufficient to condemn him, and to jus tify the Government in calling upon him either to ob serve the treaty, or to retire from the throne. He was bound to put himself under the control of the British resident, but he refused to do so. He might also quote the opinion of General Robertson to the same effect. It was true, in 1836, the Court of Directors felt so pleased with the conduct of the Raj e that they presented him with a sword; it was also true that he signed the dispatch which accompanied it; but they had since had reason to alter their opinion. In the same year, Lieutenant-General Lodwick reperted that the Raja had violated the treaty—that he had shown himself faithless—and that his conduct presented no " extenuating circumstances." It was on the receipt of these reports by the Government of Bombay, that a com mission, consisting of three competent and impartial gentlemen, was appointed in October, 1836, to inquire into the charges which had been made, and they were made by the most competent person to do so; namely, the British resident. The gentlemen were General Lodwick, Mr. Willoughby, and Colonel Ovens, whose character was unimpeachable, and they were re quested to inquire into the alleged infraction of the treaty. They sat 24 days, examined all parties brought before them on oath, and they came to a deci sion with which every one would agree. His Hon. Friend said that the Raja was not heard in his defence ; but he attended on the 13th day with his brother and others, when his servants were examined with respect to the conspiracy at Bellapore, Hydrabad, and other places. Mr. Willoughby told him if he was guilty of the charges imputed to him, that it would be well for him to confess his guilt ; adding, at the same time, that they were ready to hear him. Both on that day and the 16th, and on other days depositions were received from him, and witnesses sent by him were examined. No man could say that he did not receive all the advan tages which an accused had a right to demand.—(Hear.) The Commissioners sent all their proceedings to the Government of Bombay, and they were ultimately transmitted to the home Government. Sir Ro bert Grant had been stated to have had an interest in injuring the case of the Raja; but there was no man more fair or more consistent than that lamented gentleman.—(Hear, hear.) He stated that no one would deplore the departure of the Raja, and that no one would think that he bad been the victim of the oppression and tyranny of this country, but of his own over -reaching ambition. Did they think that Sir Robert Grant would have hazarded this record of his opinion, if he had not sincerely believed that he w,s honestly justified in expressing it?—(Hear, hear.) And Mr. Farish and Mr. Anderson, two of the council of Sir Robert Grant, agreed iu stating that the Raja had throughout shown a disposition to break away from the terms of the treaty. lie also stated that the views of the Raja were to seduce the native officers of the British army from their allegiance, and though they were gene. rally futile—(Hear, hear, from Mr. Hume)—still they were of a character to justify the course that was taken a gainst him. The opinions of these men h av i ng b een commu nicated to Lord Auckland, that nobleman stated that he freely concurred in the unanimous opinion of the Government of Bombay that the Raja was guilty of the treason which was laid to his charge, and that he was unworthy, from his ambition and malignity, to fill the position which he held. He would now read the opinion of General Morrison, who was then in In dia, who was fully acquainted with the particulars of the case. That gentleman was of opinion that there were the strongest proofs of his disaffection and hostility, but he was of opinion that it would be wrong to send him to trial, but at once to depose him, and to declare the reasons for such a s:co. He weaid row come to the opinion of ano'her gentieman, Mr. Wil berforce Bird. That gentleman was also of opinion tl.si the stipu'ations of the treaty had been violated, and that the Raja should he set aide. Mr. Robertson. who was for a long time intruste.l with the go vernment of the nortf.-eastern provinces, cep firtm d the te-timony of the gen tl-rnan whose opiniens had just bee n quoted, that the Raja deserved the treatment which he had received. He now came to the proceedings of the Board of Control. When Sir James Carnac went out to India, the last words which he (Sir J. C. llobhouse) said to him at his departure were, to deal with the greatest le niency with the Raja. In the negotiations of that Baronet with the Raja, the latter objected not to the preamble of the treaty, as had been stated, but to the second article, which he believed would reduce him to the condition of a mere steward or serf under the British Government. Now he (Sir J. C. Hohhouse) contended that this objection involved a disinclination to the treaty itself, and confirmed the opinions which were entertained of the Raja's conduct. Sir Janie Carnac, however, gave the Rajah every op portunity to re-consider his determination, anti n was not till the Raja refused for the third time to sign the stipulation, that he was deposed. The Right floe. Baronet then proceeded to defend Colonel Ovens from the misrepresentation whit-h had been made acains• him in a petition presented to the 11, use of Commons, from Mr. Forbes, in 15:39 and also the other charges that had beet made against that officer by the Hen. Member for Montrose. That Gallant Jificer had behaved with the greatest leniency towards the Raja, when in the act of deposing him, and with regard to the charge of forgery he (Sir C. Hobhouse) stated that Colonel Ovans was the first who suggested doubts as to the authenticity of the forged seals.—(Hear, hear.) There never was an officer so maligned. It was his (Sir J. C. Hohhouse) opinion that the Rajah would never have adopted the course he did, had he not been influenced by bad advice from Bombay—to the effect that no such steps would be taken against him. After reading the opinions of Mr. Edmonston, who took the same views as the others whose opinions he had quoted, the Right Hon. Baronet proceeded to detail the course adopted by the Court of Proprietors of the East India Company, when the charges were brought against Colonel Ovens by Mr. George Thompson, and when not a single individual of that body gave his vote in favour of the truth of these charges. It appeared to him, in conclusion, that it would be fatal to the Government of India to take the power from them which they at present exercised, except upon a case of the greatest necessity ; and if the House showed a distrust in the authorities there, they would be strik ing a blow at the sovereignty of India from which it would never recover.—(Cheers.) Au Hoar. MEMBER said it was considered by all parties that the Raja would be treated with a second trial, and it would be seen from the debates which had occurred upon this subject that Sir Robert Peel was of opinion that a second trial ought to be granted. The Raja had fully proved that he was totally ignorant of the offences which had been attributed to him, while the evidence of the Ministers of Spain and Portugal fully proved that the declaration of innocence on the part of the Raja was sincere ; and yet, in the teeth of all this testimony, a second hearing had been refused. to the Raja. There could be no doubt that the Raja did not have justice done to him on his first trial, and it was no less certain that the Raja had been treated with nothing but cruelty since the first inquiries into his alleged offence, when the Right Hon. Gentleman at the head of the Board of Control had told the House that Lord Auckland was convinced of the guilt of the ]laja of Satara.—(Hear, hear.) He would not do the Noble Lord the injustice to suppose that the Noble Lord was sincere in that opinion, but this he would say,-that the Noble Lord had never denied the right of the Raja to claim and to have con ceded to him a fair trial. He contended that the facts and statements of his Honourable Friend the Member for Montrose remained not only uncon troverted but uncontradicted. True, it had been shown that he was in error in some of his details, but never theless, he trusted the special pleading of the Right Hon. Gentleman the President of the Board of Control would not prevent further inquiry being instituted into this painful and distressing case. The might Honourable Gentleman might object to inquire into the merits of the case through the medium of a Committee of that House; but the Raja and his agents were disposed to submit to any other species of inquiry, and he for one, as a Mem ber of the independent section of the Legislature of this country, trusted that justice would not be refused to the Raja by the British House of Commons.—(Hear.) Mr. PETER BORTHWICK said he would not detain the House at any great length upon this question, but he really must confess that having listened attentively to the details of the case of the Raja of Sattara, he could not help thinking that a second inquiry ought to be instituted into it. No doubt the Raja was a person of sly habits. He acquired those habits through being trained in a gaol, but bear ing in mind the fact that after twenty years expe rience the Indian Government had found the Raja more attached to the British constitution and British authorities than any other Prince of a similar cha racter, it was clear that the charges against the Raja, if not without foundation, were grossly exaggerated, and he thought an inquiry could not be re fused. But a Member of that House had stood up in his place and told them that if they would grant him an inquiry into this case, he would prove that an offer of indemnity and reward were made by the British Government to the Raja of Sattara if he would only confess his guilt, and he, for one, thought that after such a statement as this, the inquiry asked for could not be refused. If the Raja were a hypocrite, as wus represented by the Right Hon. Gentle man the President of the Board of Control, he would, in preference togetting up an agitation through the medium of his agents on his own behalf, have rested satisfied with his allowance of 12,0001. a-year, but he (Mr. Borth wick) felt that injustice had been done to the Raja, and it was on that account that the Raja was induced to agitate this question. He must, therefore, give his vote in favour of the motion of the Honourable Member for Montrose if her Majesty's Government declined to give a pledge that some further inuir should be in stituted into this pai n f u l an d distressi q y ng case.—(Hear ) Dr. BOWRING thought the Right Hon. Baronet at the head of the Board of Control had treated the Raja of Sattara with gross injustice. The Court of Directors of the East India Company and the British residents at Sattara, before these charges which had lead to the deposition of the Raja were preferred, pronounced the Raja to be one of the staunchest supporters of the British Government ; and it was not, till it was found convenient to make these unjust charges against the Raja, that they felt them. selves called upon to change their opinions in that re spect. He thought, therefore, that some further inquiry ought to be instituted into the case of the Raja. Mr. B. ESCOTT said the case made out for the de cision of the House remained without any answer on the part of those who should support the sentence against the Raja of Sattara, and if it were on that ground alone, he thought the further inquiry asked for ought to be conceded by the House.—(Hear, hear.) Sir E. COLUBROOKE thought the lion. Member for Montrose had made out a strong case for inquiry, and he should certainly give the motion of the Hon. Gentle man his support.--(Hear, hear.) Sir J. W. HOGG said, whatever might be said to the contrary, there could be no doubt that the statement of the Right Honourable Gentleman the President of the Board of Control was a sufficient answer to the charges of the Honourable Gentleman, the Member for Montrose. The Raja had been fairly tried, he had had every opportunity of defending him self against the charges which had been p referred a g ainst him, and let them institute as man,' inquiries as they liked, it was quite impossible that any other result could be come to than that which had already been arrived at. —(Hear, hear.) The Hon. Gentleman the Member for Montrose had asked for a Commission of Inquiry to be sent out to Bombay. Why, that Commission had already been sent out, and after the conclu sion that Commission had come to upon the case of the Raja, there could be no possible advantage derived from any further inquiry into the matter, no person could read through the evidence adduced on the trial of the Raja, admitting as he did the absurdity of the schemes which it was said the Raja Rajahad in view, without being convinced th e at uo the use was guilty of the charges pre f e rred a g a inst him. What use could there be in any fu rther i nquiry? No thingwould _ e r r e , e and to t h h ee motionhoped, of therefore, the H on. Gentleman th opposite.—(Hear, hear.) Lord JOHN MANNERS supported the motion for an inquiry into the case of the Raja. After a few words from Mr. HUME, The House divided, when there appeared-- , For the inquiry ............ •••• ............ 23 Against it .................................... 4421 majority .............................. —2l • The House then went into Committee pro forma. The remaining orders of the day were then disposed I of, and the House adjourned at Half -past One o'clock. DEGRADING Eir°9E Or PR ISONERS a EFORE ". TMIAL.—We cannot refra i n from an expression of our feelings which were i ndi g nantl y excit ed on Tuesday intsiich streetswe. l Ive 9 of Wi prop er ly i n d u l ge i n and nchester, si x country moste been morning last, by the ut ter want of all moral feeling and such common decency a s all ranks of society, in the im proved country, cherish. a t g ne see, A i e n e , w the Englishmen, vve blushed for our i d- ed ffi i i: e l men, of exceedingly decent heavily chained together, and surrou n d e d b y po li cemen enough to eat them, if they e last New Zealand fashion. We conc l u d ed, of course, they were all murde rers, or hi g hw aymen, or burglars , and on their way to t he bulks, afte r conviction ; instead of which, we found t he y had no t even been tried, but were on their way for such ordeal f rom t h e gao l to t h e County Hall, and their offenFes, wi r i ag a h are adestroy idg partridges' eggs, neglecting to pr ov id e f or an illegi appearance, had bn h fr a as l e i cueed in a t timate child, and rebellion in a workhouse, or such other minor offences as the magnates o f th e l an d ( coun ty magistrates,, adjudicate upon. We denounce this im proper and . disgraceful exposure of men , w h o may i n a few minutes after be found to be innocent, and insist that the visiting justices ought to have had them conveyed in a covered vehicle. The George Inn would have found a buss gladly at sixpence per head; and the county-rate is not yet so ruined b ut that it might have borne the ex pense.—Hampshire Telegraph. TIIE CROPS AND THE WEATHER.—Tha weather during the last week has been beautifully fine, in fact, regular hay weather. The crops of all kinds were a most promising appearance. Never did the potato crops throughout the districts appear more strong, luxuriant, and healthy. Whatever croakera and hypocritical agri curists may say, unless there b e some natura l d e f ect in the physical organization of the plant, pr es ent appear ances justify us in prognosticating a most plentiful re• turn.— Carmarthet Herald. WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULY 7. 1.-47 'OF THE POPE. Some placards of an exciting tendency having recently appeared at Rome on the coca-ion of the fete on the 17th ult., a proclamation was published there on the 22.1 by Cardinal G. 2z , it. the name of the Popv, in which his Holiness, after alluding, to the r,t• •rms which he had f,.lt it his duty to introduce, declares that lie intends to per severe in the same c,urse, tu ob-crye in so doing wisdom and prudence. The proclamation says- - "His Holiness is firmly resolved to pursue the tour. e of amelioration in every branch of the public administra tion which may require it ; but he is equally resolved to do this only on a prudent and calculated gradation, and within limits which belong essentially to the sovereignty and the temporal government of ' the head of the Catholic Church—a government which cannot adopt certain forms which would ruin even the existence of the sovereignty, er at least diminish that external liberty—that independence in the exercise of the supreme primacy for which God willed that the holy see should have a temporal principality. The lily Father cannot forget the sacred duties which compel him to preserve intact the trust that has been confided to him." _ _ The Pope then enumerates some of the reforms and ameliorations that he has in!rodueed, and the proelama- ion adds : " The Holy Father has not been able to see, without deep regret, that certain restless minds are desirous of profiting by the present state of things to prtr mulgate and endeavour to sstablish doctrines and ideas totally contrary to his maxims, or to impose upon him others entirely opposed to the tranquil and pacific nature and the sub lime character of the person who is the vicar of Jesus Christ, the minister of a God of peace, and the father of all Catholics, to whatever part of the world they may belong, or finally to excite in the minds of the people, by speeches or writings, desires and hopes of reform, beyond the limits which his Holiness has indicated. As these persons are in small number, and the good sense and rectitude which govern the great majority of the people have hitherto rejected these kninuatieees and counsels, the Holy Father feels assured that they will never find a welcome among the people. But it is more easy to imagine than to describe the grief felt by his Holiness at some horrible acts which have taken place in various provinces, and which are in open opposi tion to the peace and concord which he was desirous of es tablishing among his beloved subjects, when in the early days of his glorious pontificate he pronounced the sweet words of pardon. Another subject of grief for his Ho liness has arisen from certain assemblages of the multi tude, which, under a pretext of a scarcity of corn or other wants, have taken place in divers parts of the state, to the disturbance of public order, and sometimes with menaces against personal security." Cardinal Gizzi then says that the Pope does not con found these meetings with those which have taken place for the manifestation of gratitude for the benefits which he has bestowed upon the people, and that his Holiness is deeply sensible of these demonstrations, and implores God to bestow the most perfect blessings upon them ; but he adds— _ _ " The paternal heart of his Holiness suffers deeply at seeing entire populations and individuals incessantly put to expense for public demonstrations, arti s a ns abandoning their labour to the injury of their families, and youths destined to study losing time which is precious to them. The heart of his Holiness would suffer more still if this state of things were to continue. The first year of his pontificate is over, and in this period of time the Holy Father has been able to appreciate the love, gratitude, and de votedness of his well-beloved subjects. He now asks a proof of these praiseworthy sentiments, and this proof must consist in the cessation of all unusual popular meetings, on whatever occasion, and all extraordinary manifestations, except those for which, anterior to the present notification, permission had been received from the competent authorities." THE FRENCH ARMY in ALGERIA. The following anecdote, hastily translated from a letter recently received by the relative of an officer of the French army now serving in Africa, may be in teresting to those who, in their hasty admiration of the military spirit of the " Grand Nation," may neverthe less be ignorant of the severity of the French military code, and of the treatment which sometimes follows the most heroic acts of self-devotion in that land of " liberty and independence :" " A lieutenant in one of the regiments in Algiers, about a year and a half ago, was sent with a detach ment of 200 men to carry ten thousand cartridges, &c., to a garrison stationed in a fort about thirty miles from head-quarters. On his road he was interrupted by Abd el-Kader, with a force of nearly three thousand men; and though resistance i❑ such a case is useless, still a code in French military law seems to say that an officer is not justified in surrendering without firing a shot. The little band was, therefore, formed into a square, and thus awaited the attack. A party of the Emir's cavalry having approached within a short dis tance, an Arab made a sign that he wished for a parley; and at length an Arab muleteer left the detachment, who, after some time, came back again, saying that Abd-el-Kader demanded that the arms and awmuni- tion of the little band should be given up, adding/ that on that condition the whole party should be spared, otherwise he was resolved to crush them. The lieute nant having refused to comply with this demand, ex horted his men to do their duty, unloaded the mules, placed the ammunition so that it might be blown up in case of extremity, and thus again awaited the attack. After a little time, another messenger came to say that Abd- el- Kader had sworn to cut off the head of every man of the party the moment a shot was fired by the French. What then was the poor lieutenant to do ? Here was, on one hand, the Military Code, which forbade him to sur render without showing something like resistance, by at least one fire ; and, on the other, certain death to the whole party if he did. In this dilemma he consulted with his sub-lieutenant and the surgeon, but they knew not what to advise ; and at length he deter mined to go to Abd-el-Fader, and offer his own head, that he might thus not only save the lives of his men, but preserve his own honour, by showing that it was not that he feared death for himself, but that ho would not be the instrument of cruel slaughter to the 200 poor fellows under his command. On leaving the detachment, he was at once seized by an Arab, of whom he demanded a conference with the Emir. He was immediately conducted to Abd-el-Kader, whom he found seated under a tree surrounded by his chiefs. A French woman, the wife of a soldier, was sent to act as interpreter. Having given up his sword to the Emir, and explained to him the military code of his country, he then said:—" You wished that I should decide concerning my men. Well, I will save their lives; but, in not accepting the combat, I lose my honour, and disgrace this mark of distinction (pointing to the ribbon in his button-hole). Take, then, my head; take my life ; for you are about to take from me that which is equally dear to me." The lieutenant then took off his cravat, and, with an energetic sign, explained to the Emir his wish. The Emir looked at him all this time with great calmness, and presently, returning him his sword with an a i r of kindness, said to him, through the interpreter, " There is no cowardice in yielding to a force so considerable as that which is opposed to you ; accept the lot which fate has destined for you ; your men shall be treated with humanity ; none of them shall be dispoiled ; and they shall owe to you a life which they cannot possibly preserve otherwise. Do not grieve ; such are the chances of war ; mine to. day yours to-morrow. God will have it so." At this mo ment the sub-lieutenant and surgeon arrived ; for they having already written a note to the lieutenant to know the result of his interview, but which had not reached him, had no longer been able to endure the state of anxiety in which they found themselves. Whilst the interpreter was explaining to them the substance of the conference, the detachment itself arrived, without arms, and they all became prisoners. This happened on the 28th of September, 1845. They followed the march of the Emir's army, from place to place, until the 4th of October, when they were joined by 86 other French pri soners, the remains of a detachment of 400 who bad been met by a very superior force, and had fought as long as they could. Oa the 4th of April, 1846, an order was brought that the officers of the two detachments, and four men as attendants, were to pack up their tents, &c., and march to Zarries, and that the rest of the men were to follow the next day. After marching for four days they came to a plateau where was encamped the main army of the enemy, but there were no signs of their poor men, whom, indeed, they never saw again, for in the interim they had all been slaughtered. Though the Arab chiefs denied that such was the case, and said that the men hail been sent to Zahara, yet various circumstances excited a suspicion in their minds that they had been massacred ; and all doubt on the subject was removed on the Ist of June by a letter being brought to the officers, with Abd-el-Ka der's seal, stating that the Emir had thrice written to General Cavaignac about an exchange of prisoners ; that, in his last letter, he had stated that he had rea son to believe that the Emperor of Morocco, the ally of France, was about to make an attempt to gain these prisoners, and that unless an exchange was effected in twenty days they would be put to death. The letter stated that no answer had been returned, and that, therefore, there was no alternative. The eleven sur vivors expected that the same fate would soon be theirs; but it appears that they were spared, in the expectation that they would be ransomed by a sum of money, the funds of the Emir being at a low ebb. The ques tion, indeed, was at length put to them point blank, whether they would pay 60,000 francs for their liberty ; but they refused, saying that the sum was more than they could command. After several nego tiations it was agreed that 30,000 francs should be paid ; and, on the 24th of November last, they were con ducted to a Spanish possession near Algeria, where the money was paid, and the Spanish governor sent them to the nearest French port in Algeria. On their arrival there, they went to head-quarters; and shortly after wards Lieut. Marin was ordered to take hi s trial before a cour-martial for having surrendered to the enemy y without fighting ! He was found to be shot. He availed himse lf, sentenced a owteovert,heof Courtthe h privilege of every prisoner to a pp eal of Cassation, and this Court since nullified the decision of the other, andearderea another trial, which, it is expected, tlhleesr, b eca use the lieutena nt has represented that will t a ke place in Franca, probably at Marseilles, is in Algeria a prejudic e against him, art l that h e cannot there have a fair trial. I have read the narrative of the captivity, during four teen months, of the lieutenant and his companions, and their sufferings and privations must have been terrible indeed; and yet, after all the misery, mental and bodily, that this poor lieutenant has gone through, he is brought to trial and sentenced to death for an act of the purest humanity. Oh! wretched and ungrateful country that compels a man, whether he will or no, to become a soldier (unless he is rich enough to buy a sub stitute), then refuses to make an exchange:for him if he becomes a prisoner, and punishes with death the officer who has done his best to sava him from cruel ho;chel -- , Every one who reads the simple narrative Of this poor lieutenant, and his unvarnished icAters to his sistee, must detest the name of conscription, abhor the iv r'ts tare horror," and execrale t.,e name ; I his mood must boil with indignation merit so corrupt, or weak, or nuiez:iinaz, *Tx ful, as to permit such ,tes,vactlen or men, and entturdnce of sufferin4 as is c-nstantly t leng Blade - • such a worthless possession as Algeria. The sma i garrison to which this lieutenant was carrying am munition, &c., consisting of 100 men, were set upt - ei by the Arabs, and every one killed. Four days before this lieutenant was intercepted by Abd-el-Kader, another detachment of French, amounting to 400 men, was met by 3,000 Arabs. There was no parley; a fight commenced, and only eighty-six out of the number escaped death. There must be gross mis management somewhere, when small detachments are sent, as it were, into the very jaws of a numerous and bloodthirsty enemy. Perhaps you will ask the reason why the French Governm, , nt does not make an ex change of prisoners, knowing the suff,rings they en dure, and :he risk that exists of their being slaughtered. ()wing to the Arab chi. fi having: no sEttl4l place in which to keep them in safety, and being themselves re duced to such poverty of mean=. that, they have not, at times, scarcely wherewith to nourish them ? The reason is,that they look upon Abd-el K ader as a usurper of autho • rity, a rebel chief, a mere head of a bandit party, and they will cot recognise him as a rightful Emir, by treat ing is ith him as with any other lawf u l prince. And so. from th s pretty piece of political etiquette, the paternal Gosemment of France suffers its brave defenders to endure indescribable miseries and privations, or be slaughtered in cold blood if they have the misfortune to fall into the hands of the enemy. " Liberty 1' " France," and "La belle France," are pretty epithets, but, to those who get a peep behind the scenes they arc *** • * * little else lian idealities. • DIET OF THE PEOPLE. (From the Dublin Evening Post) The following communication from the Central Board of Health has been issued As a circular by the Reli(4 . Commissioners. It contains matter of great importance and interest to all classes, and on some points—particu larly those in reference to quality, as distinguished from quantity, of food—information new, but highly instruc tive to our readers, and for which we should feel grateful to the Board of Health : Central Board of Health, 64, Lower Gardiner-street, 21st June, 1847. "Gentlemen,—The Central Board of Health have had under consideration your letter of the 3d instant, requesting to be informed in how small a propor tion rice may be used with Indian meal (if at all necessary) without sacrificing its useful properties. as a corrective of the prevailing malady of the population ; or the advantage, if any, of the additional bulk it acquires in cooking ?' and, in reply, the Board desire to observe that the precise proportion for the object in view could not be fixed, as it would often necessarily vary ac cording to circumstances of seasons, predisposition to disease, and even individual constitutions; but that as a general rule, rice may be mixed with advantage in almost any proportions, however small, with Indian meal, and in larger proportions, according as its cost may permit; care, however, being always taken, as explained in pre vious letters of the 11th May, and Ist June (see extracts annexed), that each ration when cooked should contain its full equivalent of raw meal and rice, as recommended bY the Board of Health in the same communications. "The Board of Health, although admitting the ad vantage of bulk occasionally acquired in food by cook ing, yet, taking into consideration one of the forms of disease now prevalent in Ireland, do not recommend that rice should be used with the object of giving bulk by the absorption of watery particles; but, on the con - trary, that cooked rations should be given out in as solid a form as possible, leaving it to the natural feelings of thirst to supply the quantity of fluid necessary for healthy digestion. With the object also of obviating the general predisposition to relaxation of the bowels, which will probably increase as the summer advances, the Board of Health recommend the addition of some of the ordinary condiments to the stirabout, of which perhaps pepper will be found the most acceptable and the cheapest. " The Board of Health take this opportunity of acquainting the Relief Commissimers, that they have learned through the Inspectors, and from other sources, that a diminution in the prevalence of diarrhoea, and a marked improvement in the general health and strength of the people, have followed upon the substitution of cooked food for raw meal, and they, therefore, again recommend that every exertion should be made fur extending the use of cooked food in the distribution c f rations. While on the subject of diet, the Board of Health deem it of importance, through the medium of the Relief Commissioners, to draw the attention of Relief Com mittees, and of the people generally, to the fact, that a form of disease now very prevalent among the people; resembling in many particulars sea scurvy, is connected with, or dependent on a defective nutrition, arising, not from deficiency of quantity, but from cll• ficiency of quality or variety in the food. The potato, although not containing a large proportion of nutriment, is remarka ble as containing within itself all the varied elements necessary for forming healthy blood; no one of the sub stitutes for it with the exception of oatmeal, possesses this remarkable !property; and hence the use of more than ore article of food is necessary in order to secure a sufficient supply of the varied elements of nutrition, and thus to obviate the form of disease referred to. " With this principle in view, the Board of Hfalth, as the season of the year now gives facilities for it; strongly recommend the admixture of onion, leeks, scallions, or shallott, in co,,ked meal rations, or stirabout, which will both act as condiments, and will also furnish some of the eie-mcnts of nutrition essential for forming healthy blood. Onions are so rich in nutritive qualities, that as a mere article of food one ounce and a half may be con sidered as equivalent to about one ounce of meal. On every opportunity the importance to health of using ve getables, such as carrots, parsnips, turnips, and cabbage, along with meal, should be impressed upon the people. " It may not, perhaps, be out of place in these obser vations to make the people generally acquainted with the highly nutritive qualities of beans and pease, which, weight for weight, contain from ten to twelve times as much nutriment as potatoes. In those countries where rice is very extensively used as the food of the people, experience has taught them that rice by itself has low nutritive qualities, ,but that :the deficiency can be sup plied by adding about two ounces of beans, pease, or lentils, to each pound of rice. It must, however, be re membered, that with beans or pease some other vegeta ble food must be used, as, although possessing, in a high degree, some of the most important elements of nutri tion, they nevertheless do not contain a sufficient variety of other nutritive elements to support the human body in health. (Signed) " ARTHUR MOORE, Secretary. " To W. Stanley, Esq., Secretary Relief Commission." EXTRACTS FROM LETTER OF THE CENTRAL BOARD OF HEALTH, DATED IST JUNE, 1847. " The allowance of rice which may reasonably be made in lieu of Indian corn meal should not be less than one pound and a half of rice in lieu of one pound of Indian corn meal, where either grain is given alone; and the same proportion should be observed in a mixed ration, viz., if half a pound of Indian corn meal be given instead of the standard ration of one pound, there should be given along with it three-quarters of a pound of rice to make the mixed ration equivalent to one pound of Indian corn meal; and in like manner of all other proportions in which rice and Indian corn meal mixed may form a ration. " The Board of Health cannot hesitate to assure the Relief Commissioners that rice, instead of being su perior, is much inferior to Indian corn meal in nutritious qualities. " It is true that rice, by steeping and boiling, may be made to furnish a larger bulk of apparently solid food than will be furnished by an equal quantity of Indian corn, and hence has probably arisen the supposition of its being more nutritious; but the bulk thus obtained is deceptive as to the quantity o f nu t r i men t a ff or d e d. Rice contains about eighty-five parts in every one hundred of starch. A given quantity of it will, by steeping and boiling, absorb a very large proportion of water, and will swell into a large and apparently firm mass; but this mass will contain a very small propor tionate quantity of nutriment. A very simple experi ment will satisfactorily illustrate this:—One ounce of common starch boiled in the ordinary way will form, with a pint of water, a firm mass, which, from its ap parent consistency, will seem to be good substantial food; but the bulk thus formed, it is obvious, contains very little nutriment. In like manner of rice—one pound of it may be made to form, with water, a starchy mass of five or six pounds weight; but the produce, as in the experiment of the starch, is bulk without equiva lent nutriment." a gent, The late Thomas Stilwell, Esq., navy y died Surrey' Arundel-street, Strand, and of Dorking, possessed of personal property am. j; l e aves prin cipally together with his freehold estate, O,OOO/., u nting e S to u and Thomas, cipally among his three sons, John, Jades,ovin for his son who are his executors, making a P_r, ~i s fam il y. William and some other mern,o h r e o rs N. o. n' —Colonel Barlow, THE STEAMER WASliil % corripa y , n has invited th• the chairman of the Dockfthe Washington to a dinner, Captain and officers of Dolphin Hotel, on which will take place atThursday next, in comm, , .woration of the first of the A m erican liners that arrived in our docks. The gallant Colonel has also invited S. P. Edwa r d s , of the Customs,and collector men,E sq ., co e ntertainment, and there is to t he _ that it will be auela an one as will be worthy of the en te,...tairwr and entertained. —Hampshire Telegraph. Mr. Bevan, banker, of Lombard -street, has issued an address, announcing his intention to offer himself as a candidate for the representation of the City of London on the Protestant interest. [ ADVERTISEMENT.] —TELESCOPE, OPERA, AND RACE MASSES.—SENT INTO TILE COUNTRY FREE UPON APPROBATION. 39, ALBRMARLE STREET, PiccentLET. Newly-invented Achro matic Telescopes, the most powerful ever made, with Lenses of clear transparent brilliancy which possess such great powers lk* to supersede every other kind for the waistcoat pocket, shooting, military and sea purposes ; and upon stands for Astronomtcal observations. Opera and Race-course Gla ses, with extraordinary great powers—a minute object can be dis tinctlyl seen at the distance of 10 to 12 miles, These veina l) ; Newly-invented Glasses may be termed convenient Telescop for both eyes, and have now become general for carriage andsea.side out door purposes. Naval officers, sportsmen, tourists, and visitors, should not be without one of those valuable Telesc o pes and it_ Glasses. Also, a curious very small powerful Waistcoat-Pocket epocket Glass, only the size of a walnut. to discern objects at distance th of from four to five miles. Newly-invented Specthr by day or cio. Immedi atelyei they are placed before imperfect vision, either the eyes is at n e can dlelight, that mist and dullness which appear before once removed, every object becomes clear a and is brought tond distinct, the most aged defective sight becomes bright and brilliant, Invisible and all kinds of its youthful, natural, and original state. In Aceoustic Instruments, for re lief of most extreme deafness. BCau tion.—Messrs. S. and . Solomons,y Op ticians, are not in anyimm wa connected with a person of the same name in their immediate ueighbourhood, nor in any part of the country. To prevent mis takes, be cautious, an d observe—only to be had at 39, Albemarle atrcet,riccadiuy, opposite*. T.rk liotd. r 1 REMARKABLE CASL OF DECEPTION. A GPrrnan ccllvetion ,u remarkable trials has just bcen pubiis;i• d.. Foch c extv ert,..hi, 4 ~ IS • P ; • , ' ; Ii":1l~ . ~- H . ~! 1 y ~ tlr* eene, a: a w.el , • , n ee. s •i tt eeeied o f tee l years, as a wealthy tu.•:chant travelling with hie family for pleaeure. At Heidelberg, especially, and in the neighbourhood of that city, he twice re sided for a length of time, on each occasion with his wife and family—an object of general esteem and admi ration. His establishment was of the richest kind ; his entertainments were noble and frequent ; his man ners, except for a certain tendency to boasting, were thought to be in the highest degree winning and delight ful. The pubic regard acquired by a prosperous air and sociable disposition was enhanced by the domestic virtues and admirable conduct of hie_ very h,elsome wife. She seemed to be a pattern of propriety—cheerful and amiable when in c enpitny, but greatly preferring retirement ; in which she dent. tl ltarsett i,h f xem piary care—especially during the frequeet ales( rice of her husbnn 1 on short !nisitiess journeys—et) the educe cation of two lovely and see 11 conducted children. After this happy family had lived for some time in Hei delbere, universally popular and adinhed, in 102 some questionable circumstances took place in con nexion with the member.; of a family that litol b. come intimate with the Grandiseon4, in which en unaccount able loss of money cane to be talked of, with sorce other strange transactions, but all in a manner that ap peared to reflect chiefly on ere of the young torn of that family, who hal fallen, as it seemed, hopelessly in love with the merchant's beautiful w:fe. The matter came to no certain conclusion ; the youth fled, and the Gran dissons left Heidelberg in consequence of the disgust which this occurrence had caused. Eight years later they reappeared there, with the same splendid equipage and living in the same admirable manner. This se cond sojourn lasted for three years, when a mere accident led to the discovery of the facts which render the case surprising. The wealth of Grandisson was the fruit of a regular plunder of the public mails, which, without any accomplice in the act, he had syste matically carried on for years with entire impunity. His short absence was employed on expeditions of the kind; during which he must have committed almost countless robberies of large sums of money and other valuables, without detection in a single instance, — returning to the bosom of his family with the plunder which he had coil , cted. The discovery was brought about, during one of these absences, by a letter, intended to extort money, from one who had accidentally found out some of his minor peculations and had traced the offender at last to his abode. It then became apparent that the whole life of this flourish ing person had been a series of every kind of theft. While the wealth gained by his larger felonies was ex pended in keeping up a stately appearance, he could not repress the petty desire of stealing any trifle that fell in his way, in shops, dwelling houses—nay, even in the very place where he lived on the foot ing of a grand personage. Yet of this not a suspicicrt was raised until the detection of his greater robberies had come to pass. The condition and history of the wife are hardly less curious than this long success of a whole sale system of plunder combined with the incessant practice of the meanest pilfering. She appears to have been at once conscious of her husband's iniquities, studi ous to conceal them, wavering between fits of abandoned conduct and long intervals o domestic propriety—but, on the whole, sick of the deception which she was made to practice and sincerely desirous to give a virtuous edu cation to her children. Both husband and wife were mere adventurers at the outset. The man began his course of crime, when a valet, by robbing his master ; and soon afterwards entered upon a career of pretences, treacheries, and felonies, on the grandest as well as on the smallest scale,—so dexterously planned, and so long undetected, that the story of them sounds more like a romance than a reality of the nineteenth century. To complete the tale, it may be added that the culprit, when apprehended at .Berlin, escaped punishment by committing suicide, in • meaner showing desperate resolution, before his examination could take place. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.---Her Majesty the Queen Dowager's box was occupied last evening by the Marquis and Marchioness of Worcester, and Lady Blanch Somerset. There were also present the Prince Louis Napoleon, the Prince Troubetskoi, the Marquis of Huntley, the Earl and Countess of Shelburne, who oc cupied her Majesty's box, the Earl and Countess of Har rington, the Baroness Brunnow and Madlle. Olga de Lechner. his Excellency, the Hanoverian Minister, Count fioudriaffsky, Baron Nicolay, Lord and Lady Charles Wellesley, Lord Sandys, Lord Saltoun, Lady Freemantle, Lady G. Palmer, Lady Grant, Lord Gardi ner, Lord Southampton, Mr. and Lady Augusta Went worth, the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor, Lady and the Misses Carroll, Sir H. Webb, General Sir A. Barnard, Sir R. and Lady Howard, Mr. and Mrs. W. W. Wil liams, Mr. Broadley, Mrs., Miss, and Captain Bagot, Mr. and Mrs. Hodgson, Mr. C. W. Packe, M.P., and Mrs. Packe Redding. Mr. and Miss Ewing, Mr. and Mrs. E. Phillips, Mr. and Mrs. Grote, Mrs. S. Douglass, Cap tain Smith, Captain and Mrs. Griffiths, General the Hon. A. P. Upton, &e. &c. Lieutenant-Geieral Sir Colin Campbell, K.C.8., Colonel of the 72d Highlanders, late Governor of Cey t,n, whose de ith occurred on the 13th of June, had made his will at Colombo in the year 1842, in his own i•andwritin , ;. His reriorfil property in this country has been estimated at 100,000/. H. was poses.ed of East India stock, Dutch stock, and Be!gian bonds, which, he has directed to b. divided into nine equal parts, leav ing- two start's to his el le,t, son, and one ,•11%!re to each ..if his other children, and a Aare to be laid out in pro viding annuities ft,r his sis'ers ; to his brother. C.l tnel Campbell, Royal Artillery, 5001. ; and the residue of his property to his eldest son, LieuteLat-Colonel Patrick Fitzroy Wellesley Campbell, of the Scots Fusilier Guards. REPRESENTATION Or HULL.—It is understood that Sir I. Graham will be br,ught before the electors as a candidate for th:s borough.—? Imes of Wednesday. [ln these days every town should have a partial omni presence about six hundred miles in diameter at the least, in order to be well informed of the events trans piring within itself. Sir J. Graham a candidate for Hull ! Our contemporary has made a mistake in the announcement. The following will act as a sort of commentary to the above :—A hitter arrived here by post yesterday, addressed to " The Chairman of Sir J. Graham's Committee," which passed through several gentlemen's hands, who could not open a letter addressed to a gentleman unknown. It was eventually exhibited on 'Change, that every chance might be given for its passing into the hands of the non inventus official, should he happen to make his appearance. This, however, did not occur, and the strange fated document, after being suspended during the hours of business in the presence of all, was returned to the Dead Letter-office as wanting an owner.—Hull Advertiser.] The Right Hon. Sir George Grey left town yesterday for Cambridge. The late Sir Alexander Woad, of Georgie Lodge, Edinburgh, Knight Commander of the lonian order of St. Michael and St. George, executed his will at Lau riston Castle, in May, IS4I, leaving the whole of his Property in England, Scotland, or elsewhere, for the free use and disposal of his wife, Lady Wood; and appointed her Ladyship and his nephew, Lord Wood, executors. By a codicil, dated Tunbridge Wells, July 3, 1842, he has requested 800/. should be paid to each of Lady Wood's brothers and sisters, and to David Erskine, Esq., and a few others. Numerous charitable bequests are left by the late Mrs. Small, of Brighton, who died on the 21st of June. To the Orphan School at Brighton 5001., and to the Orphan Working School, London, 1001.; Brighton Dis pensary, 2001.; Brighton Lying-in Institution, 1501.; Brighton Blind School, 2001; the Rev. W. Hethering ton's Charity for Instructing the Blind in Christian Knowledge, 2001.; Royal London Opthalmic Infirmary and Hospital, 100. each; Royal Westminster and West London Opthalmic Institutions, 100/ each; Metropolitan Convalescent Hospital, 150/.• Islington Dispensary , 1001.; Holloway and North Islington Dispensary, 100/.; Royal National Institution for the Preservation of Lives from Shipwreck, 1001.; and 100/. to the Shipwrecked Fishermen's Benevolent Suciety. PRINTERS' ALMSHOUSE FUND.—Yesterday evening the sixth annual meeting of the subscribers to the Printers' Almshouse Fund was held at the Mechanics' Institute, Southampton-buildings. T. S. Duncombe, Eiq., M.P., took the chair at half-past eight o'clock, and meeting in a short e r s e s ad o I thtehereport, which was of s h e a e v r i e n t g ary 7 f the satisfactory that the eo nature;mm i tcommittee in ha t d he speech explanatory o h. object of the institution, the me n r e . d j. th D e ar bu .i s n in , course of which so far progressed in the preliminary 7 . f ri v, e , : s tr s e t m at e e ly d arrangements _as to have selected en e ligible plot of ground at W only requi ring the sando 1 Woo d -green, the -green, Tottenham, it . meeting to conclude the purchase. Th e funds now in hand amount, after deductinc, th e, expenses of management for the current year 7/ (only cP . -.--), to 2,0101 7s. 3d. The complete transfer of the land would be effected for about 450/, and the erecting of six almshouses, to accommodate twelve in mates would be completed at a further outlay of 1,500/. At the end of the report a goodly list of subscriptions was announced, amongst which was a third donation of 21/ from Messrs. Clowes, 10 guineas from James Harmer, Esq., 10 guineas from Messrs. Harrild and Sons, &c. A resolution empowering the Committee to purchase the site and proceed to the erec tion of the almshouses, was unanimously carried, with the addenda, on the suggestion or the chairman (Mr. Duncombe), after severely commenting on the recent rejection by the Lords, of the no n-separative clause in the English Poor-law Bill, that accom mt?cl ~ ation be pro vided for twelve pensioners " and their wives. Thank* having been accorded to the various officers, and the chairman of the evening, which was duly acknowledged;, the meeting broke up. A well-executed desis,n of the proposed asylum, , ,executed by W. Webbe, Esq, (the architect of the adjoining asylum for the fishmeagerS and poulterers), was exhibited to the subscribers as sembled, which was left for the consideration of the committee in their future arrangements. DEPLORABLE ACCIDENT.—Last evening Mr. J.. Payne, the Deputy Coroner, held an inq test at the Vestry Hall, Tooley-street, Borough, on the body of William Hull Bennett, aged 27, whose death occurred under the following deplorable circumstances. It appeared from the evidence that the deceased belonged to a Deptford boat, called the Mercury, and on Friday evening he pro ceeded to Billingsgate with some of the crew, and early the follo w i ng morning (Saturday) he was at 'Battle bridge stairs, Tooley-street, and in getting into rs •water man's boat he missed his footing and slipped i• a so the water. Being unable to swim he was carried , i i t h the tide, and was never seen more above the sue / a ce until the body was hooked out by means of the dr ags. fora. distance from the spot where he fell. Verdict, "Ac cl dentally drowned."