The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1849-11-20 00:00:00

Nov. 20, 1849. Z. oral f).etus. Mr. Edward Meugins is approved of as consul at Liver pool for the King of the Belgians. We are glad to hear that Mr. H. G. Harbord is slowly Progressing towards convalescence. The Mayor has consented to call a town's meeting for the establishment of the Liverpool Chamber of Commere. tThe Earl and Countess of Sefton have arrived at Crox eth Park, from the noble earl's shooting box in the ni ghlands. The American Chamber of Commerce have resolved ttnanimously not to join the movement for the separation of the Dock and Corporate Estates. The presentation to Mr. Spreckley, honorary-secretary to th e Liverpool Chess Club, of a set of Staunton chess then, took place on Wednesday. Ta A te s s t , ab Esg stable and a quantity of hay on the premises of J. B. Dingle-bank, were partially destroyed by r e on Sunday morning. Pour ships recently started from this port together, and "rived off New York together, having never lost sight of vne another during the passage. All the d oc ky ar d s a t N ew Y or k, an d a l ong th e li ne o f t he eastern ports of the States, are full of work, with ships en the stocks of 1200 to 1500 tons. The Marquis of Salisbury has given notice for a bill to establish waterworks at Childwall for supplying all the neighbouring villages, On Friday several gentlemen had their pockets picked Of silk handkerchiefs on the Woodside ferry-boats. A t een named Jones has been apprehended and remanded on the charge. I, l °n Wednesday Mr. Robert Hume, in the employ of r. Geo rge S au l, passenger agen t, f e ll over th e pi er a t t he north end of the Prince's Parade, and was so seriously Injured that he died in about two hours. Williams, before a committee of the House of wramons, stated that he had known 50 tons or 880,000 bggs. blin n to d a 10 tons of poultry shipped in one day from Liverpool. The new mayor, John Holmes, Esq., purposes attend- Int the annual dinner of the Roscoe Club, on the 22d ill et• The Earl of Sefton has also intimated his intention to be present. , The names of Jonathan Hargreaves, Esq., of Oak Hill, 4cerington, and Frederick Steiner, Esq., of Hyndburn, t it h e"! Accrington, have been added to the commission of " Peace for this county. ,kr. Alderman J. H. Turner is re-appointed chairman Of !he watch committee, and Mr. J. A. Tobin deputy elrmn. Mr. James Parker has been appointed chair -gee nof the health committee, and Mr. W. Bennett de btr-chairman. 'LOYAL INSTITUTION SCHOOL.—The prize for the essay e ntitled " I s th e Ch r isti a n Dispensation intended to be l eal," has been forwarded by the Rev. Mr. Hull to Mr. Zetheane who has frequently distinguished himself at the sch oo l . ‘; C aptain Hoskens, late of the Great Britain, and who f „__"`noe accompanied the Rajah Brooke to Borneo, has re i7ed to Bristol for a short time. Captain Hoskens, be_wever, we are informed, means again to go out to The Liverpool Town Council is at present composed of f e ntY-seven members of the mercantile body, nine pro lislonal men, eight tradesmen, nine shopkeepers, eight distillers, brewers, and spirit merchants, and only three ma nufacturers or other extensive employers of labour. °e • Jones's CHURCH.—On the day of public thanks- V e lng, boxes were held at the doors of this church, and sum of 434 6s. was received. The amount will be e n „ V e t divided between two of our local charities, viz., • e Femal e P en it en ti ar y i n F a lkner-street, and the Chit tltable Societe. e The M ayor atten d e d t h e S a t ur d ay even i ng concer t on 12_aturday night. His worship was very enthusiastically e Te e ived by a crowded house, and before leaving manta proof of his approval of these popular a muse - °f et es Mr. Russell, the well-known vocalist, gave one e l his entertainments, and the whole proceedings were `e er acterised by more than usual enthusiasm. I, l the parishioners of Clapham have presented to the Rev. ie ° lnas MlGill (late one of the curates of the parish of o , e v erPool) a purse containing four hundred guineas, in e `"er that the rev. gentleman may have the advantage of ;warmer climate during the ensuing winter—his health le:l e iring that he should abstain during that period from clerical duties. 8 B RIPRUILDING IN LIVERPOOL.—There are at the pre- Pt moment on the stocks and building, one in Mr. W. besiones's yard, 800 tons, the largest sailing ship ever C u t in Liverpool ; two in Messrs. Cato and Miller and 500 and 800 tons ; one hi Mr. Clarke's, one in ee ers. Chaloner's, two in Messrs. Royden's ; and it is - ` l ,, s anticipation there will be four more after Christmas. fi t rATH FROM BURSTING A BLOOD VESSEL.—For some tb ee e Past, Owen Morris, aged 54, who lived in Vernon esa—ce t, had been labouring under an affection of the chest, g o " was attended by the parish surgeon. He had for s p i ne months slept in the cellar by himself, as he was un etogo up stairs. On Friday morning, at six o'clock, co ;was found sitting on some steps in a passage near the „ar, and quite dead. eitlnE ON BOARD • A SHIP.—On Wednesday evening, a sout h - east br o k e out on b oard the sh i p Cordel i a, ly i ng at the the corner o f th e Ki ng ' s D oc k, w hi c h resu lt e d i n 0,,e total d estruct i on o f t h e cargo, cons i st i ng o f 40 0 tons e ! salt and a few bales of sundries, and very serious da tre to th e vesse l. M essrs . T a yl or , P o tt er , an d C o . are e utowners ot the vessel, and she was commanded by a rain Caddick. She was bound for Calcutta, and was -,,,p.ve sailed on Thursday. e ee ' s ° s omnibuses between Birkenhead and Chester still i i „`Anue to ply, but serious disturbances have been appre hended at Chester, in consequence of the drivers bringing the Passengers into the yard, and thereby, as is alleged, ss„D e e dine the business of the station. The magistrates In attendance at Chester station nearly the whole of is a ' r r Y, but fortunately all passed off quietly, though the or t Vng clerk of the Shrewsbury company was turned out st et ie office, and forbidden to book any passengers at he D ARING BURGLARY.—On Wednesday night, about 7nt o'clock, six men, with their faces blackened, and ho ed With a gun, a blunderbuss, and pistols, entered the e4 nss of Mr. Wright, of Club Moor, near Liverpool, and th ti jing Mr. Wright, his servant irl and wife, to turn , .r faces to the fire, deliberately r a ns a ck ed the premises irtl abstracted £5O and a gun. A servant man entered b a t he time ; he was forced down, and a pistol held to his • After securing the booty they decamped, telling Inmates that if they left the house for four hours A they :Uld be shot. They are said to be Irishmen. bag ee t e lt aining soot was found outside the premises. They , r e e et Yet in custody. te ee ",R LIVERPOOL CORPORATION WATERWORKS.—No -40 ,9es been given by the Town-clerk of Liverpool that ki!lneation will be made in the next session of parliament ho e " act empowering the abandonment of the construe- P,„'' of the works authorised to be made by the Liverpool Qoration, under the provisions of an act passed in 1847, P ee . commonly known as the Rivington Waterworks. te.'ets will be sought for making extensions to the exist eobti waterworks in West Derby, Toxteth-park, &c. A Plyi e e has also been issued from the same source, for ap e i re far powers to extend the time granted by the act th at 47 , for purchasing land for the scheme authorised by act to be carried into execution. theelt°VIDENT CLERKS' ASSOCIATION.—A correspond hes' between H. C. Chapman, Esq., and Mr. J. Daven the"' chairman of the above association, in reference to SeeietLiative merits and means of usefulness of the local ag e tY, and a similar association in London, having an 'Sg teY in Liverpool, and the desirableness of amalgamat- Vs ee ue two societies, has just been published. Mr. Da tet,'s lucid explanation of the principles and advan- Ps e „" of the local institution over metropolitan agency has IS dear e 0 satisfactory to Mr. they Chaman, that he observes, vis a " concluding letter of correspondence, that it SellsihY_disposes of the question of amalgamation, and es ,etei es the necessity of having a local board to superin tselaand direct the affairs of the society, which, if well Li ver under a good system, and with impartiality, to command the patronage and support of the T e , Pe ° l Public." kty,-,, LIVERPOOL CHOLERA DISTRICTS.—The Journal tll. O aillat about twice as many persons died of cholera in it e i t "` northern wards (Scotland, Vauxhall, St. Paul's, st k n ge, St. Anne's, and Lime-street) as in the other t ette a rcis of the parish. There were by no means so laite e ases on the west as on the east side of Vauxhall -4t ail , and it was only at a late period of the epidemic that kos e l l,.er e ed there at ell. The disease raged perhaps with nt tl .:( t!saty in Hodson-street (a short street stretching any o t ss- ddison-street to Great Crossball-street) than in Artie ve t . Per Part of the town. Addison-street also suffered Y o a frightful mortality having taken place in one lost, ll , l ar court. Freemason's-row and Oriel-street were 14 egne spots • and the North Corporation School eh, w e e tet "neve, nearly 100 scholars. There was not a ,ss aie n the neighbourhood of Vauxhall-road which can . to have altogether escaped the visitation ; and it is Luliarit qtees ) worthy, perhaps, of record, that in certain e f s t e 'lle mortality confined itself, or very nearly e dl ie °Tie side of the street—the other (although is nh e B elno character in regard to dwellings) escaping it:taainParative impunity. Sperling and Oriel-street h -I . t o 4 es of this. In Walter-street (a short street c ° 4 se, t h e Stanley dock), the cholera visited nearly every erlle,, t 'n No. 2 court, Thomas•street (one of South e s tht. •Tect), about a dozen deaths occurred in a fort elteble 'IP Lace-street the malady appeared with consi 04eitee: Virulence at f i rst, b ut soon a b a t e d an d wen t e l se - Henderson-street was the worst in Toxteth ekutt• J O HN te -1111 C PARRY'q ENTERTAINMENT AT THE As tellsieet -nooms.— Mr. J o h n P arr y, the versatility of whose tissie or genius has l e d to his being designated the Mat -1014 song, has returned to Liverpool after an absence A the .4 c e ntbs. He gave at entertainment last evening R ho r eceiv e Great George-street, where he e tip Iv ed by a numerous and respectable audience, keti t ee pOsrecl to be as much amused as though they had e o ! ' P a comic vocalist for the first time in their lives. 11 0 ‘ 1 0 pi"' is undoubtedly an original artiste ; no copyist 4/ee ° duce the effect that invariably follows his delinea et 14,eharacter. And we doubt whether the stage has nli e : a star by his lending his sphere to the orbit of e;!), of Ha d he assumed the sock and buskin, the me keP h a , eton, Matthews, and other eminent comedians citea e experienced an obscuring cloud. The " Lights , ,„rs Of social life" is a masterly sketch, by Albert tte 4 ntee ees u°se truth-t e lli ng d e li nea ti on o f i nc id ents an d 'L•100IA the dom es ti c stamp are too well known and re ei ti ! 1 3r appreciated by the public of Liverpool to tp„,Wish o her descripti on or encom i um h ere , yet we mey tqlt of .11:t Intending to detract from its merits that the %po t a `uo author would not have shone so resplendently c it ' 4l l la. -I,7l:ther medium than the light of John Parry's el•kistlewer of `: Musical dream " allows full scope for the ! i nh e arsal Mr . Parry, but that is surpassed by the N i el'' , 8 the Italian operetta," and the " Charity 4 w: or u e ene, with its attendant speeches, was a real tti& r e e th e surpassing everything of the sort hitherto 'll4lllktnet übr w• Mr. Par wil repeat this delightful on Wednesday ry (to- - mor r ow evening, Captain W. S. Thompson, of the auxiliary screw steam ship Sarah Sands, who was one of the passengers by the Europa. The object of his visit to Liverpool is to com plete the necessary arrangements prior to despatching his vessel on a voyage to California from New York. COFFEE AND CIGAAS.—Those who appreciate the luxury of a fine Havanna will be glad to learn that Mr. Saxon, of Church-street, has opened a splendid smoking saloon, in which coffee can be had as in the far famed divans of Paris and London. The apartment is most elegantly fitted. BODY FOUND AT NEW BRIGHTON.—The body of a gentleman unknown was found on Sunday week, on the beach near the " Red Noses." Many persons recognized the features of the deceased as being a person whom they had frequently seen before, but none could identify him by name. He had previously been seen wandering about the sands. The deceased gentleman, it has since been ascertained, was Mr. George Richardson, of Hosforth, Woodside, near Leeds. He had sold some property for £l5O and 'drew the amount in notes from a Leeds bank With this sum in his possession he came to this town on the night of the 30th ult., and stayed one night with an acquaintance in Whitechapel. He was next found at Ball's tap, under the Crown Vaults, Redcross-street, in a state of gross intoxication, taken to bridewell, and booked for safety. Next morning he stated that he had lost or been robbed of above £lOO, but little notice was taken of the remark. A paragraph, however, in our police reports contains some further reference to the matter. CONCERT AT BIRKENHEAD.—On Monday evening, Miss Milligan gave a concert at the Craven-rooms, Birk enhead, which was well and most respectably attended, the spacious room being crowded. This circumstance must have been highly gratifying to the friends of this prothising young lady, whose vocal powers are very consi derably improved of late. She not only sang with great taste and skill as a performer, but her intonation and expression had a very pleasing effect. In the duet with Miss Whitnall " What's a' the Steer" she brought forth a rapturous encore, and, also, in the song, " I was happy ere I loved." Miss Whitnall, too, was in excellent tune, and gratified the audience with some of her sweetest notes. Her song, " 0 Erin, my country," and " In the silence of night," were given with a power and pathos, for which she is peculiarly distinguished. Mr. Percival performed two beautiful solos on the flute, and Mr. H. C. Lewis ably managed the: piano. Altogether, a more gratifying concert, both to the audience and performers, has seldom taken place at Birkenhead. GREAT TIMBER SALE.—On Friday, the great bulk of the timber merchants of this and other surrounding towns assembled at the timber shed of Messrs. Holme, Slater, and Crook, who had announced a monster sale, or rather two sales, for eleven and twelve o'clock. The first was the sale of timber in the pond and on the east side of Morpeth Dock, and comprised 2440 logs of yellow pine, red pine, oak and elm ; about 40,500 pieces of deals and staves, besides an immense quantity of other descriptions of woods, forming part of the cargo of several ships. The sale at 12, was in the Honduras shed, and comprised a large quantity of mahogany, rosewood, maple, sabica, tulipwood, and lancewood, the cargoes of three ships. With the exception of a portion of the (Quebec) yellow pine, all the lots in the first sale sold readily at good prices. The same remark also applies to the mahogany sale, very few lots of which were withdrawn. Mr. Slater officiated as the selling broker. GUN-MAKING.—The manufacture of double and single barrel guns and rifles has, of late years, been carried to such a degree of perfection by different European nations, as well as our own inimitable America rifle, that it may, perhaps, be doubted whether any further improvements can be made. By a recent discovery there appears to have been a very great improvement made in breeching and percushioning of guns, lately patented in England. We allude to Bentley's " Central Fire Gun." These guns possess several advantages over the old method of breech ing ; one is that the fire is communicated in a straight line to the body of the charge, and, of course, is much quicker than the old method, which has to traverse in a zig zag direction, and more than twice the distance. Another advantage these guns possess is, that the cocks are so constructed that they are not liable to be caught by the bushes, whilst the sportman may be pursuing ;Lis game in the woods, consequently accidents are not so liable to occur. These guns are also recommended to shoot much stronger, and are looked upon as the greatest modern im provement in fire-arms by sportsmen.—Savannah Acorn. SCHOOLS FOR ST. ANNE'S CHURCH.—St. Anne's is among the oldest ecclesiastical edifices of the town. At the time of its erection, Sunday schools were either un known or only in their infancy, nor was it customary to attach daily schools to churches; the necessity was not felt, or, at least, it was by no means so imperative as it has since become. A few generations have passel away since the erection of St. Anne's church, but those few, as regards the district referred to, have been replaced by a hundred-fold increase, the rising members of which are even without the meagre means of moral and religious education, which are to be found in neighbouring districts. No appeal can have stronger claims to the consideration of the charitable than this for the erection of schools in con nection with this church. The poverty of the neighbour hood precludes the possibility of a response being made to the call within the district. Hence an additional reason is supplied for the residents of other districts coming for ward to promote this good work—a work rendered neces sary from the causes adverted to, and one tl at must be endeared to every Christian from the circumstance of the Rev. Wm. Wheeler's connection with it, for, assuredly, ever since his appointment to the incumbency, he has laboured with painstaking assiduity to improve the moral and spiritual condition of the district, and he is at the present time actively engaged in developing the plan for the schools, and we trust his well-known energy and ear nestness in every Christian work will insure him the suc cess he so much desci vs. Our readers will find some additional facts to stimulate tieir liberality in the appeal from the minister and churchwardens in another column. The schools, we may add, will be placed under the Com mittee of Council of Education. ACCIDENT ON THE LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER RAILWAY.—On Wednesday evening, an accident of a serious nature occurred on this line, but fortunately with out occasioning any loss of life. It appears that the north train, which should have arrived in Liverpool at forty-six minutes past five, had aroceeded with perfect safety till it arrived within a short distance of Huyton Quarry station, when the passengers were alarmed by the shrill and con tinuous sound of the whistle, immediately succeeded by a loud crash and a sudden jerk, which had the effect of throwing the passengers forward in their seats with great force. The passengers issued out of the carriages in the greatest consternation ; and when the excitement had somewhat subsided, it was ascertained that the engine of the passenger train had come in contact with a portion of the luggage train, which had become detached going down the Whiston incline, the fore part of the latter train hav ing proceeded towards Huyton. The guard on the lug gage train perceived his danger, and, after applying the breaks, had only just time to jump off when a collision took place, the engine of the passenger train running into the luggage van, which was reared up in the air, and with two or three of the trucks, shattered to pieces. The en gine was also thrown off the line, and very much injured. Many of the passengers, particularly those in the second and third class carriages at the back part of the train, were very much bruised and stunned, and some of them sustained severe cuts. A number of miners from the ad jacent colliery, belonging to Mr. Willis, hastened to the spot, and rendered considerable assistance ; but it was nine o'clock before the train could be removed, and then it had to be taken to Rainhill to be shunted and forwarded to Liverpool, the passengers having been detained on the spot, though the rain was pouring in torrents. THE DAY OF THANKSGIVING.—Thursday having been appointed as a day of general thanksgiving for the remo val of that dreadful visitation with which the country has been so long afflicted, the occasion was observed as a general holiday. The shops were, with few exceptions, and those chiefly quakers, closed, and business, except in cases of urgent necessity, entirely suspended. The town presented the same appearance as on the Sabbath, and the various churches, as well as dissenting places of wor ship, were opened for divine service. Collections were made in aid of the funds of our various local institutions, and for other charitable objects. Mr. Rushton sat in the Police-court at half-past nine. There were only very few prisoners in custody, and those were principally on drunk and disorderly charges. The business did not occupy more than half an hour. The Mayor, John Holmes, Esq., attended divine service at the parish church of St. Nicholas. He was escorted from the Town-hall by the officials, bearing the municipal regalia, and several mem bers of the Council. His worship walked with the Rev. Rector Campbell. A sermon was preached by the rector, and a collection made, amounting to £l5 18s., which is to be appropriated to some charitable purpose.—ln Lon don the day was strictly observed as one of thanksgiving, and business was entirely suspended. A single judge ap peared in some of the courts, at the usual hour, but it was only to go through the formality of adjourning till the following day. Every shop was closed, and everything was similar to the Sabbath. All the churches and chapels were densely crowded, and the form of prayer and thanksgiving was read. The congregations responded cheerfully by giving alms in aid of the various necessitous charities. A very eloquent and impressive sermon was delivered by the Bishop of London, at St. Paul's, in the presence of the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs. At Westmin ster Abbey the Dean Buckland gave a most talented dis course, peculiarly applicable to the subject of the day ; hundreds of the congregation were compelled to stand, and many had to remain in the aisles and nave. The Thames presented an unusually quiet appearance, and very few craft were to be seen, there being less activity than on a Sunday. Seveial steam-boat companies would not allow their boats to run, and very few 'busses or other vehicles were seen in the streets. 0 , he e %e• ed hi;ap' wer e : c' of the h tbe he 3t '5.45 jo , the to , gay buo d,p .(i the' laid _... soli u P t bel ,n 4 :ter esT e l fly b eil g ybed ife be c .0c os %it . 6'lli ded Th g eSe e" 9 'll b e r - term% urcier li6 [ b a t , i be 71 0 n t 8 4 u rn Fbe l s re' • g. eft 0 eY 1: PI 5 r der il y ° rnbsaicfri ,nee• 0, t lie,, sl . o ife f 11".1,0 out tbehje, and lie cu t rot A unt" - bU• „ t he ott ge edoro i they tover, ü bt tie u ° iels di g' ee 1 ;1 0 1, ) le 30 t s' for , . 9 „a p er, boui set "i.es• s st st ej Krel„ltea l ec o o ) 111 ,, ti ° 1)1 turner .conedo tiso r V ° ob ro 0de.,1 ice .01 0 4 _ , to oPGiosso oi,i,,tie c A t I.°tte Ot i ho p e cl i iovj 0 g Or;), (- 4 1 1 6 ' LOCAL MEETINGS HEALTH COMMITTEE.—The first mee ti ng o f thi s com mittee, since it wag newliconstituted, was held on Wed nesday. The medical officer reported th a t th e h ea lth o f the town was in a most satisfactory state. The deaths in the past week were thirty per cent. below the usual average at this season of the year. Cholera might be said to have totally disappeared, there having been within the last fortnight but two fatal cases, and within the last week no case of cholera has been reported. The general mortality of the borough was less at present than it was ever before reported to be, and this Dr. Duncan attributed, princi pally, to the sanatory measures adopted by the Health Committee, which had been most admirably carried out by the officers of the committee. SELECT VESTRY. — The fortnightly meeting of the Select Vestry was held on Tuesday. The proceedings of the Workhouse Committee contained a recommendation to the board to appoint a matron to the Workhouse, at a salary of £lOO a-year, and apartments. Mr. Mellor moved that that part of the proceedings which referred to the appointment of a matron at a salary of £lOO per annum, be not confirmed, but that the salary do not exceed £5O per annum. The parish was already suffici ently burthened, without going to further expense. Mr. Mellor said, that the governor of the workhouse stated that a matron, if not his wife, might as well be in Paris as in the Workhouse, for any use she would be of. Mr. Woodruff seconded the amendment. Considerable dis cussion here took place on the subject,, and ultimately the amendment was rejected by a majority of 14 to 8, and the proceedings were confirmed.—Mr. Molyneux moved that Mrs. Shirt be appointed clothing storekeeper at the schools. at a salary of £l2 a year. Mr. Dover seconded the motion, and facetiously remarked that it was a very appropriate appointment, as Mrs. Skirt would necessarily make a good clothing storekeeper. DOCK COMMITTEE —A plan of the new north docks in progress having been submitted, Mr. Fisher expressed a hope that the land east of the dock works would be re served, so that if future dock accommodation should be required, it might be provided there. They should attempt as much as possible to centralize the docks in future. At the present day, 99 out of every 100 people were com plaining of buildings now standing where docks should have been made; and he thought the committee should take care that no buildings were raised on the land in question.—Mr. Nicol stated that the matter would re ceive all attention.—Mr. Robinson, on behalf of the Albert warehouses' sub-committee, made theimportant announce ment that they had made some very considerable reduc tions in the storage rate on cotton, amounting to 25 per cent. on American, and 30 per cent. on East Indian, The reduction on American cotton would be about Id. per bale per week. A letter was read from J. K. Rounthwaite, of the City of Dublin Steam-packet Company, requesting further accommodation for their steamers. To show the trade who they were the means of bringing to the port, it was stated that they had discharged 68 vessels in October, above two a day. The letter was referred to the harbour masters sub-committee. MEETING ON BEHALF OF THE HIINGARIANS.—On Fri day night, a meeting of the Welsh residents of the town was held in the Music-hall, to memorialise Lord Palmerston to interpose the influence of the British government to obtain for the remnant of the Maygars, not yet executed by Austria, a restitution of their constitutional liberty, and their property confiscated. The room was thronged, and many clergymen and gentlemen of high standing were in attendance. Mr. Councillor Thomas Lloyd was called to the chair. The Rev. W. Rees addressed the meeting in Welsh, and proposed the first resolution, to the effect that the meeting viewed with horror the deceitful and cruel conduct of Austria to the Hungarians, aided by Russia, and called upon all free nations in Europe and America to petition their respective governments to use every means for the restoration of the Maygar people to their rights, liberties, and property. He supported this resolution with much argument and energy. the Rev. Mr. Aubrey, Wesleyan minister, next addressed the meeting in Welsh, in support of the resolution, and fur nished some interesting facts bearing on the oppressions suffered by the Hungarians. The Rev. D. James, of Kirkdale, spoke in English in moving a resolution highly approving of the conduct of the Turkish Sultan in refusing to deliver up Kossuth and other nobles to Austria, and thanking Lord Palmerston for having energetically sup ported the Turkish government by despatching a fleet to the Dardanelles. He showed that Hungary had, for 323 years, been a free and independent kingdom ; yet it was deprived of its constitution, and reduced to a mere pro vince. The war in which Hungary took a part was only one of self-defence ; but her inhabitants had suffered unheard-of cruelties, for merely defending their inalien able rights. He urged a variety of arguments in support of the cause in which they had that night met, and trusted the sympathy shown here would manifest itself at similar public meetings in Wales and elsewhere throughout the kingdom. The rev. gentleman, in conclusion, referred to the powerful terms in which previous speakers had in Welsh language pleaded Hungary's cause. Their very eloquent speeches in the Welsh languuge had rolled from one beautiful sentiment to another, with all the beauty of oriental imagery, and he good humouredly regretted that the reporters were Saxons, and hence, however willing, unable to do justice to the speakers who had gone before. He was sure, however, that they would do justice to that crowded assemblage, and let Liverpool know that the Welsh, the most loyal inhabitants of the kingdom, had bravely stood up on behalf of liberty and those who were oppressed. (Loud cheers.) The Rev. John Hughes, and D. Lewis, Esq., of the Branch Bank of England, addressed the meeting in Welsh, and the resolution, as were those before it, was carried unanimously. A reso lution was moved by the Rev. D. Price, regretting that the Times and Morning Chronicle had prostituted them selves, by defending the cruel oppressors of Hungary, and thanking the conductors of the Daily News, &c., and also the local press of Liverpool generally, for the advo cacy of Hungarian independence. The Rev. Thomas Pearce eloquently seconded, and the motion was carried. A memorial t o . Lord Palmerston was then read and agreed to, and, after a vote of thanks to the chairman, the meeting separated. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. " stoutly strutting his dames before," watched with out stretched neck and eager eyes the proceedings of Puss ; by degrees drew near the scene of so much bustle and excitement, and at last fairly entered into the game, side by side with the cat. Catching mice was a trade at which Pass was more expert than her friend Chanticleer; for, with the aid of teeth and claws, she seized her victims before he was well aware of their presence. He, how ever, gained experience by patience and observation, and soon, with his sharp-pointed beak, caught a plump mouse, which unwittingly had come within his range, and bore it by the nape of the neck out of the barn, at the same time making a peculiar chuckle of satisfaction, followed by Puss, before whose longing eyes he carefully dropped it. Puss returned to the play she so much loved; but the cock, having tried the sport, was satisfied with the novel part he had taken, and marched away, followed by his wondering dames.—Correspondent of the Preston Chron. THE BOLTON CLAIRVOYANTE AND SIR JOHN FRANK LIN.—Mr. Haddock, of Bolton, writes to the Manchester Guardian, observing that not one of the previous state ments of the clairvoyante are contradicted by the arrival of Sir J. Ross. Her assertions were that Sir James had not seen Sir John Franklin ; that he was nearer to Eng land ; and that two ships, connected in some way with the expedition, were coming home, were now known to be correct. He (Mr. Haddock) had since, three times, put her into the internal state, to make further inquiries. She said that the two ships which had arrived were what she saw and meant, and that the ship of which she snoke, when the naval/officer was at Bolton on the 26th Septem ber, as having " the sheets up," was one of them. She was then informed of a discrepancy in her statements as to the ships in the ice. She said, " Sir John Franklin said he had not seen Sir James Ross, and I thought they must be his ships." She persists in saying that the ships she meant are still where she saw them ; also that Sir John Franklin is alive, and where she said he was, and that he still thinks of getting away by the time he stated, but that he will not come back the way he went. As a further test of Sir John's actual position, he (Mr. Had dock) had tried her at different times of the day with a watch, and invariably found that she gave a difference of six hours and a half. Taking all things into considera tion, Mr. Haddock thinks the friends of Sir John Frank lin may consider the probability of his being alive, as far as clairvoyance can determine it, is rather increased than diminished. In conclusion, Mr. Haddock suggests the possibility of Sir John's being ultimately released from his situation by an accident, as Sir James Ross has been POLICE INTELLIGENCE. CAUTION TO BUILDERS.—On Wednesday Wm. Clegg, builder. was charged by the building surveyor with erect ing a building to be used as a store-room, attached to premises occupied by Mr. Ward, as an eating-house, in Preeson's-row. The place was not fit for the purpose, being built over the privies and ashpits, and such as was not allowed by the act of parliament, neither had any notice been given to the surveyor before proceeding with the work. The defendant excused himself by saying that his men erected the building, and he was ignorant of it until it was completed. Mr. Rushton fined the defendant £5. BRUTAL ASSAULT.—Robert Lee and Catherine Sum ner, who were remanded on Monday, were brought up on Wednesday, at the Police -court, charged with a brutal assault upon a seaman named Henry Latham. On the previous evening Latham was passing through Clement street, when he met with the female prisoner, who re quested him to accompany her to a house in the street. Latham did so, and he was instantly robbed of some money which he had in his pocket. He was then desired to leave the house, but refusing to do so, the female pri soner struck him with the poker, and he fell to the ground insensible. Whilst he lay on the ground the male pri soner repeatedly kicked him. Both prisoners were com mitted for trial. A man, whose name did not transpire, was charged on Friday by a superintendent of the London and North- Western Railway Company, with having travelled on that line from Manchester to Edge-hill station without having a ticket. The prisoner in his defence stated that he had expected his brother would have met him on his arrival in Liverpool, but he had been disappointed. He was or dered by the magistrate to pay a fine of 405., or be im prisoned for twenty-one days. THEFTS OF COTTON.—On Tuesday, eleven women and children were charged with stealing cotton from carts, and selling it to James Dobson, a marine store dealer. Some of the children, who were young, were acquitted; the re mainder were sent to gaol for periods of seven, twenty-one days, and three months. Dobson, whom the magistrate characterised as a wholesale manufacturer of felony, was sent to gaol for two months, and his license to be forfeited. Mr. Rushton said it was one of the best things the police could be employed about to look after and break up these receptacles for stolen property. A SPECIOUS BEGGAR.—A young Irishwoman, named Catherine Foster, was committed to gaol on Tuesday for one month, for begging. She had been at the houses of many respectable individuals in Abercromby-square and elsewhere, and by representing that her father had been killed on the railway, with other fictions, she had suc ceeded in levying considerable contributions. DISORDERLY CONDUCT.—Three women were charged on Friday with creating a disturbance in the Workhouse Shed, Brownlow-hill. The keeper of the sheds appeared in court, and stated that hearing a noise he went in to make them keep quiet, when he was immediately shoved out by the prisoners ; he procured assistance, but they were again turned out by the prisoners. Mr. Rushton ordered them all to be imprisoned for twenty one days. Eistrut ftrws, .-.._-,4,- Mr. Thos. Edmondson, of Broughton, Manchester, (who failed in 1832, and paid Bs. 3d. in the pound,) has just paid all his creditors the remaining 11s. 9d. DREADFUL ACCIDENT.—On Monday a young man, named Thos. Weaver, was killed on the railway between Bolton and Manchester. As he was returning by the train, he put his head out of the carriage, while passing under a bridge. His head came in contact with one of the pillars supporting the bridge, and rebounded from the pillar against the opposite side of the carriage window, the blow fracturing his skull. John• Knowles, the operative shoemaker and successful candidate for the Manchester Protestant Prize Essay, was, not many years ago, an avowed socialist, and removed from Wigan to Manchester, for the express purpose of having an opportunity of hearing the socialist lectures then delivered in the Hall of Science. At the request of a friend, be attended a Wesleyan chapel one Sunday evening ; his mind was impressed ; he attended again and then again ; he renounced socialism, became a member of the Wesleyan society, then a Sunday schoolteacher, then a local preacher ; and was acce pt e d b y th e last Wesleyan Conference as a candidate for the ministry. Andrew Davis ' a child aged seven y ear s, l os t hi s lif e at MancheAer, on Wednesday week, by a bead, which he had put in his mouth, getting into his windpipe. A copy of Doomsday Book has been presented to Dr. Shepheid's library, at Preston, by Mr. Pedder, the late mayor of that borough. The corporation of Preston intend to discontinue the salary of £l5O per mar paid to the mayor, and intend it to be distributed among the charities of the borough. JUBILEE.—On Monday our highly esteemed town clerk, Mr. Palmer, completed the fiftieth year of his coro nership, having been elec.ed to that important office on the 12th of November, 1799. What renders the mention of this subject still more remarkable, is that all the three condidates who offered themselves on that remote occa sion, should still be in the land of the living ; the other candidates being to wnsmen, John Winstanley, Esq., and Mr. Edward Forshaw.—Preston Pilot. GAS EXPERIMENT AT SOUTHPORT.—We are happy to learn from our correspondent, that the experiment with the new hydro-carbon gas was made on Monday night (being the first on a large scale) with perfect success. The gas at first was dim, but as soon as the air had issued from the pipes it burnt with unclouded brilliancy. We sincerely congratulate Mr. White on this happy consum mation, the result of his arduous labours, great outlay, and anxiety, undertaken midst so much opposition and ridicule. We hope in a future number to give some account of tile process by which this economical and clean gas is produced. We hear Belfast is about to be lighted by the same process ; the authorities only waiting the result of this trial. THE COCK AND THE CAT. —As Mr. John Fairhurst, of Longton, farmer, was getting out wheat in his barn, on Wednesday last, the , cat was very deliberately on the watch amongst tho sheaves, ready to pounce upon any luckless mouse that showed itself when turned out of its warm cover. &game cock,,whichwas near the barn door, SPRING WATER VERSUS SURFACE WATER, The popular saying, that " one man's meat is another man's poison," appears to hold equally good of the im portant element, water. The inhabitants of the metro polis have at present a surface supply, which is so unsatisfactory both as to quantity and quality, that an application is being made to incorporate a "Spring-water Company," to procure the pure article from the chalk formation in the neighbourhood of Watford. We our selves have been pursuing a totally opposite course, by endeavouring to exchange our spring -water for a surface supply. Mr. Robert Stephenson, the new London com pany's engineer, has demonstrated, to use his own words, the feasibility of the plan as regards quantity," —no hint being suggested of the water gradually sinking in the pro posed wells • whilst, with respect to the qua lity o f th e present surface supply, a most competent authority, Professor Clark, says : " Vegetating matter is an injurious impurity of the water supplied to the metropolis by the existing Water Companies." * * * * " Such impurity renders their waters inferior to the spring waters —it imparts au offensive taste—it affords nou rishment to water insects, and encourages their propagation." How doctors do differ ! CORRESPONDENCE, WANT OF WATER AND POLICE TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. Sin,—Well knowing your readiness to give insertion to legi timate complaints, may I beg the favour of your attention to two pressing evils which pertain to the poor, and the poor only, notwithstanding the pseudo-philanthropy of many of your new Council, and the measureless falsehoods uttered by them and their partizans? My first and greatest is the want of water. You may be surprised to think, after what has been said and written lately, that so essential a necessary to human health and comfort is often not procurable in this street. You will see persons going from house to house, asking their neighbours to give them some to cook or wash with. These last two Sundays it was with great difficulty I procured any for my dinner, and every house was applied to in vain. At the time I am now writinz there is not a drop in the house, and its great scarcity can be vouched by all. In no town in the kingdom—and I kayo been in most of them—did I ever find so scanty a supply, and that little more difficult to obtain. Surely, Mr. Editor, after what we have been told, something should be done to mitigate so great an evil. It has gone forth to the world, in public journals and after-dinner speeches (when the would-be orator might truly use the words of the renowned Major Dalgetty, " Vino ciboque pravatus,") that Liverpool enjoys in the highest degree the blessing of a plenti ful supply of that indispensable article. Alas for the reality! Ask for water, and the reply is, " We have none; it has not been turned on." This is no fiction, or party-coloured picture. It is a sad truth ; and many good and charitable persons, who have every convenience for a large supply, labour under the mistaken delusion that their poorer neighbours have also plenty. Let those who doubt inquire in Back Portland-street, and their doubts would vanish. My other complaint is one which might in a great measure be removed by the police ; but since I have resided here, once, and once only, have I seen one of those gentlemen in the street. We seem to be left to our own guidance, and here every bad passion has its full swing, without check or control. Each evening a number of young persons of both sexes congregate, and the noise, confusion, and obscenity would disgrace a savage life. Last night we were treated, amongst other diabo- licai noises, with crackers; and for three hourWa scene of riot and confusion ensued, that would be permitted in no other town in England. Mr. Editor, I am one who feel every plea sure in seeing young persons enjoy themselves ; but when mirth degenerates into riot, playfulness into licentiousness, and conversation into blasphemy and obscenity, it is no longer amusement, but a disgraceful exhibition of human depravity. The street cannot be passed by any decent person, especially a female, without rudeness and insult. None go through it of a night but those whose evil destiny or limited means compel them to reside in it. 1 would, Mr. Editor, respectfully, through your journal, call the attention of the authorities to this degra ding evil. Let there be, if only for common decency's sake, some little show that such abominable conduct must be checked. Let it not be said, that the behaviour of the youth of Liverpool would put the inhabitants of the darkest and most benighted heathen to the blush, and that too in a town boast ing as this does (and in many respects most justly) of its cha rities, schools, and wisdom ; for could a stranger be at once introduced here any evening between seven and ten o'clock, especially on Saturdays or 'sundays, he would find neither civilization, education, nor control, and fancy it got Liverpool, but Timbuctoo. By inserting this, you would oblige many poor persons in the street. For reasons obvious to you, sir, Ido not sign my name, but give it privately with the address. Were Ito pub lish it, you may judge from such a gang of Yahoos how I should fare. I remain, sir, with every respect, yours very obediently, Nov. 131 h, 1849. A LABOURING MAN. [The intelligent writer of this letter deserves to have his com :ee and t plaints attended to. %I nat are _ _ police about to give occasion for such remonstrances 7.1 SEACOMBE FERRY TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, SlR,—Observing a paragraph in your last paper, relative to the loss of one of the Seacombe packets ; and also that you have exposed the hardship sustained by the owners of property at Bootle, by the refusal of the Earl of Derby to allow compensa tion for injury done to them, I wish to draw your attention, and that of the public generally, to the cause of the loss of the packet in question, and to similar injury upon private individuals, done without redress by the Birkenhead Dock Committee. In consequence of the construction of the wall for the Birkenhead Dock Works, the set of the tide has been so altered that an enormous accu mulation of sand has taken place, in some places to the depth of about ten feet, and a new bank is forming to the eastward of the N.E. corner of this wall, at times covering the rails on the slip, so as to prevent the stage trom moving down. The lessees of the ferry were for a long time at an enormous ex pense in endeavouring to keep the slip free from sand, and the public very much inconvenienced. The lessees of the ferry commenced an action against the Birkenhead Dock Trustees to recover the losses they have sustained, and for repair of the injuries done to the slip in consequence of the sand depositing on the rails. The stage not being able to move down, a packet was placed at the end of the stage, lying upon and across the rails, for the passengers to land over, a n d some ti mes as many as threei packets have been so placed, to their injury, and the consequent destruction not only of the rails but the masonry also. The day previous to the trial coming off, the Dock Trustees proposed the matter being settled by arbitration, undertaking to pay all law costs incurred up to that time, and all costs of every description to be incurred by the arbitration, and to bear the expense of all losses and injuries that might be done in the mean time, and take upon themselves the manage ment and responsibility of keeping the sand clear—at which and decided in favour of the claini of the lessees, but not as to the exact sum ; and most disgraceful is it that this matter was not settled long ago. One of the claims, and evidence given before them was the state of the slip, the requisite repairs, and an estimate of the cost, with a report as to the danger to the put..ncta envuou MUM LUllle again wmist in tars state. ' They did not repair the slip, nor pay the slightest attention to it, which is the cause of the loss of this packet. The slip on the first day of this present month did get sanded, and the stage could not be got down, therefore it was necessary to place a packet on the end of the slip ; as the tide ebbed the packet turned over to larboard, that is towards the river, and continued to do so, although every effort was made to keep her up; the sand was so steep it was imcossible ; and, as the tide flowed very rapidly, she filled with water, was swept from the e n d o f th e s t age , an d finally rolled over in deeper water. This was the cause of the accident, and a very pretty account the trustees will have to settle. The progress of these works has certainly been carried on in the most reckless and im provident manner; and what are they now on the ec4cGmhe side of the Pool? nothing, but the greatest nuisance that could be made. Why should they, as their first work, build a dock and works at Birkenhead for which they had no power under their then act, and be obliged to go to Parliament for another to legalize this illegal act? Why should they build, so many years before it was wanted, the wall opposite - Seacomb ; doing all the injury that has before been stated, inclosing the sewers of Seacombe, and allowing the contents thereof to flow upon the mud opposite the houses, where there is no current to carry it away ? and where at times, when it is not covered by the water, it evicts the most dreadful stench, that at times the inhabitants can scarcely stop in their houses. Why should this wall have been built when (they have always been short of money) the money could have been employed elsewhere, where it was wanted, the cost of which must be paying interest, the same as any other portion of their debt, the amount of which interest is an accruing loss? And why have not these Com missioners complied with a clause in their Act of Parliament, making it imperative upon them at their own expense, from and immediately, after the passing of the Act—" A sufficient culvert or culverts to retain the sewage and all waste waters from the lands, and all houses now built, or hereafter to be built, on this portion of the shore of the River Mersey!" ? These questions, sir, I think ? will be difficult to answer. There has been a great depreciation in property near this filthy, stinking pool; and I am only surprised the Commissioners for the Improvement of the Parish of Wallasey do not take this matter up, and compel them to do that which is imperative for this side of the Pool. I must apologize, Mr. Editor, for asking to occupy so much of your valuable paper, but the matter has assumed such a disgraceful form at last, that every person I speak to about it invariably expresses the greatest disgust; which pleas,e.take as my excuse. I remain, sir, Your obedient servant Searombo v l2Cl4 November, 1849. A. RAtEPAYER. THE agriruiturat anb llortiruitural COLUMN We recollect to have met somewhere or other with the remark, that plants are often grown too fast. We believe it originated with George Glenny, whose theoretical knowledge of plant-growing will not be very easily sur passed. The suggestion is a very valuable one, and we have often thought of claiming for it the attention of our readers. It was forced upon our own in a most particu lar manner the other day, by inspecting a collection of large azaleas, varieties of the Indian species, which the gardener triumphantly assured us were but of three years' growth. They were large, straggling bushes, with foliage ample in size, but very deficient in quantity. The branches were numerous long flexible twigs, all bending downwards from their own weight and want of substance. Now, if size were the first point of excellence in a speci men plant, fast growing would be the easiest method of attaining perfection; but size is only a secondary quality, beauty of form and healthiness of foliage being paramount to every other qualification. It is a questionable matter whether any plant is benefited by fast growing, but most certainly no plant of all the Ericacew ; on the contrary, they invariably suffer by it. Too much anxiety is shewn to get plants to bloom, which is a great error ; grow the plant well, and there will he no fear of its not blooming. Who does not ad mire the beautifully compact habit of Azalea varieyata and Gledstanesii . 2 and we believe every other kind, if properly treated, may be grown quite as compact, though not perhaps so neat in the foliage. Depend upon it, luxuriant growth is destructive of beauty of form. How often do we see the fuchsia reared in a cottage window exhibit greater beauty than its more pampered congeners of the greenhouse ! and why ? Because they have grown slowly in the window, clothing themselves as they grew with nice, healthy, thick-set foliage, and in proper time produce a rich display of blossoms. Now the greenhouse plant has been subjected to bottom-heat, and a high, moist temperature, which has produced an excessive growth, indicated by long succulent shoots, coarse foliage sparingly produced, and overgrown flowers devoid of that beautiful wax-like texture which is so eminently the cha racteristic of the sepals of this fine genus. The most beautiful fuchsia we ever saw was a plant of the old F. globosa, some years since in the collection of the Messrs. Loddiges ; it was a perfect standard of consi derable age, having a fine large compact bushy head, and a clear stem, about three feet high, and three or four inches in diameter; no new variety, however fine, ever ex ceeded this fine specimen in beauty, covered as it was with thousands of its prettily-formed blossoms, like bells of coral. We have only instanced two plants, but we might men tion two dozen which are thus maltreated. The only re medy for this is a greater spirit of inquiry amongst gar deners, who should make themselves acquainted with the temperature of those places which are the natural habitats of the plants they cultivate. Both of those we have men tioned come from tropical countries ; but in those coun tries there is every variety of temperature, from the snow capped mountains to the torrid plains ; and between these two extremes are found the fuchsia and the azalea; and nothing can exceed their beauty when flourishing in their native locality. The geographical distribution of plants is a matter deserving the utmost attention from horticul turists. PAPERS ON AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY __ NO. VIII. _ Having now briefly cOnsideled the most essential ele ments of vegetable life, which may be summed up in three words, carbonic acid, ammonia, and water ; and having shown that humus, the supposed food of plants, only acts by increasing the supply of the first of these three ; we will now proceed to show in what way plants receive their nutrition. Beginning with the seedling plant, which has just emitted its rootlet, and is still destitute of leaves or other organs, we find that the humus of the soil, by its amaz ing power of producing carbonic acid, affords a constant supply, and enables the new-born plant to develope its leaves; these in their turn carry on the process of absorp tion, and drive ammonia, carbonic acid, and water from the atmosphere. From these they form cellular tissue, woody fibre, vegetable albumen, &c., and the process of growth is thus kept up as it were by compound multipli cation. In the Autumn ligneous plants cease to form woody fibres, but large quantities of starch are formed by. the leaves, and diffused through every portion of the plant ; finally each leaf deposits a large supply of starch at the base of its petiole which, by its accumulation, effects a separation of the leaf and stem, from which it then falls, having fulfilled its ultimate object.* This takes place regularly and completely in deciduous trees and shrubs in autumn, but only partially and at various sea sons in the evergreens. The starch which is thus accumulated is in the follow ing spring converted into sugar and gum ; the gum is used in the formation of the new leaves and shoots, as these attain maturity, by the assimilation of nitrogen, the sugar comes into play, and assists in the development of the flowers and fruit ; these being perfected, the same . . process is repeated, that is, all the energies of the plant are exerted in the formation of starch for the next year's supply. Such operations are going on unremmittingly in the wonderful laboratory of nature, operations so perfect in all their details, and in the effects produced, that man, with all his boasted 11 k- .nemic, Knowledge, can only regard them with wonder and astonishment, acknowledging from his inmost soul the illimitable power and wisdom of the great Creator, *This subject was ably treated by our intelligent townsman, Pr. Inman, in a paper read to the Liverpool Literary and Phi losophical Society. OPERATIONS FOR THE WEEK Stove, Conservatory, and Greenhouse.—All plants in these departments which show symptoms of rest should be carefully kept from the stimulus of fire heat; protection from cold and damp being all that is required. Attend scrupulously to cleanliness, and the removal of decaying matter, such as fading flowers and leaves; keep the same temperature as recommended last week. Flower Garden.—Take advantage of fine days to fork over the flower beds, and effect a thorough clearance of all dead stalks, leaves, &c. ; plant tulips, crocuses, snow drops, &c., &c. Kitchen Garden.—All general operations, such as digging, draining, trenching, and manuring may be carried on as opportunities offer. Parsnips, Beet, and Carrots should be stored away safe from the frost. Plant Shallots in flue weather, where the soil is light and well drained. ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. Louis E.--Your orchid is the very beautiful Trichophilia tortilis J. Powell.—The Otaheitian orange will suit you best; it will grow in any ordinary greenhouse, never exceeds two feet in height, and is an abundant bloomer. MISCELLANEA The asparagus of the Cossacks, which is so highly prized in Northern Asia, is now known to be the shoots of a well-known aquatic plant, Typha latifolia—a plant indi genous to this country, and easily propagated in ponds, where it is highly ornamental. That magnificent aquatic, the Victoria regia, is now in flower in a tank erected expressly for it at Chatsworth, the seat of his grace the Duke of Devonshire. A correspondent in the Gardeners' and Farmers' Journal states that he has been very successful in destroy ing wire-worms with ammonia procured by mixing lime with sal-ammoniac. Use of Lime on Clay Fallows—The most economical and by far the most generally applicable, mode of reduc. ing the cloddy surface of clay lands, is to lay moulds of alternate layers of the rough materials and hot lime, and to ignite the heaps by exposure to the air, or by the ap plication of water. A heap of 7 yards in bre Alth, and 3 feet high, and mixed with 72 bushels of hot lime, has been recommended to be reduced t o as h es , w h en fresh clay may be added so long as sufficient heat remains. The damp heat exhaled from the lime will produce a smothering effect on the clay, that is not easily attained in the open air, either with a large or small quantity of flaming combustibles •, in the former case, there is danger of calcination and uselessness, and in the latter of imper fect burning and extinction of the fire from exposure, and the surrounding contact of air. The lime can be got at any time, and the process can go on in wet or dry weather ; the means are more at the command of the farmer, and the work can be performed more promptly on that account, than when it depends on many contingen cies that are beyond control. By the bursting and disso lution of the shells, the clods of earth will be pulverised and bleh- —ne lime, the pulverulent mass will bi spread over the surface, and incorporated with the fallow This process will be very effectual in reducing stubbori ided with wrought in a certain degree .before it can be accomplished, when very considerable attention will be required. The quantity of ashes must be sufficient to cover the whole surface of the ground, when the heaps are spread ; if less, the application may be worth little. The ultimate pro ducts are a mixture of finely reduced and pulverised sub stances, to be blended and incorporated with the soil, on which acquisition so very much of the fertility of the earth depends. .1. .1)., Nov. 6.—. Agricultural Gazette. Soil for Orchids in Pots.—More diversity of opinion obtains upon this point than in any other items of their culture. and it is certainly one deserving of attention ; for although it may be of little or no importance to an air plant whether it is grown in rich or poor soil, so far as nutriment is concerned, still it is necessary to know whether the soil, or whatever its roots may be surrounded by (some use nothing but broken potsherds in very small pieces), is retentive or not of moisture, and whether it parts freely with the same to the surrounding atmosphere when required. The best material is that which is not retentive of moisture, n9r liable to become stagnant, or what is termed sour, and that which, under the influence of a damp and warm atmosphere, resists decay longest. It will therefore be found, that very fibry peat, obtained fresh from the common, freed from all small particles of peaty matter, is most suitable for the purpose. The lat ter process may easibly bo accomplished by beating it when it is dry. The fibre should be left a few days to dry before it is used, and afterwards, when required, it should be mixed with a few half-decayed leaves, which must be quite dry and free from any small pieces of stick that rot and breed fungi. The soil of plants in pots, when placed upon the smooth surface of slate shelves, is apt to become too moist during winter, owing to the water Rot being able to pass off freely through the hole in the bottom of the pots, or from their absorbing moisture from the shelves : this evil is, however, easily obviated by placing small square pieces of lathwood under the pots, which allows the superfluous moisture to pass off freely. From Mr. Gordon's Paper in the Journal of the Horticultu ral Society. THE VICTORIA REGIA AT , CnATswonTs.—This extra ordinary and gigantic Water Lily, the existence of which was for a long time considered problematical, is at length growing vigorously in this country, and promises at no distant period to produce its large and deliciously scented flowers. It is a native of Guiana, where the natives call it Irure, from the shape of its leaves, which resemble the broad dishes used in that country, and the lids of their large round baskets. The plant at Chatsworth was re ceived from the Royal Gardens at Kew, on Friday, Aug. 3rd ; it had then only four leaves, the largest of which was 51 inches across, or 16} in circumference ; and a fifth leaf opened in a day or two afterwards. The box which con tained it was 131 inches square, and about S inches deep, which was ample for the purpose. In the beginning of August, a tank of 13 feet square, and 3 feet 4 inches deep, was prepared for its reception. In this was placed about I five one-horse cart loads of soil; and on August 10th, the plant was turned out of its pot into this mould. So rapid has been its daily growth since that time, that by the latter end of September, 19 leaves had been formed, the largest of which measures 3 feet 6 inches across, or about 11 feet round. The tank became so crowded, that it was found necessary to again enlarge it to double its former size. The present extent is now found insufficient. Al though the plant has only 13 leaves, yet the dimensions of each measure from 4 feet to 4 feet 6 inches across, or from 16 to 18 feet round ; and so strong as to be able to bear the weight of a young person upon their surface. This has been proved at Chatsworth, by an actual experi ment, showing that Homer's fabulous story of Venus floating on the water-lily leaf, might be repeated as a practical fact, instead of remaining merely a poetical fiction.—Derbyshire Courier. REVIEWS Rural Cyclopcedia ; or, a General Dictionary of Agri culture and of the Arts and Sciences, Instruments and Practice. Fullerton and Co., Edinburgh, Lon don, and Dublin. This valuable wortc, now nearly completed, will form the text-book of every intelligent agriculturist, being a compendium of all that is useful to know in theoretical or practical farming, and the collateral arts and sciences. The plates, both coloured and plain, are executed with fidelity, and are not the least valuable or interesting part of the work. A Century of Orchidaceous Plants, selected from Cur tis's Botanical Magazine, consisting of a hundred of those most worthy of cultivation. The descrip tions by Sir William Hooker, R.H., D.C.L., &c., director of the royal gardens at Kew. Accompanied by an introduction on the culture and general management of Orchidaceous Plants. London : Reeve, Benham, and Reeve. (Continued.) Plate 58, Stanhopea insignis, is another very beautiful. and fragrant species of the same habit and wax-like tex ture as the other. Its flowers are large and unsymmetri cal, but showy ; they appear to be made of cream-co loured wax, beautifully dotted all over with purplish brown spots, of the size of turnip seeds; on the lip they are closer together, and that part is also shaded with the same rich colour. A native of Cuenca in El Equador. The next two plates represent Gongora atropurpurea and G. maculata : both are well known to every cultivator of orchids. The grotesque flowers of this remarkable genus strongly resemble flies, cock-roaches, and other animals, natives of South America. Twenty Lessons on British Mosses. Second Series. Il lustrated with 25 Specimens. By Wm. Gardiner, A.L.S. A.B.S.E. London : Longman and Co. Dundee: F However ignorant parents may be of scientific know ledge, there are few who would wish their children to be deficient in knowledge. Science is making rapid strides, and it is of the utmost importance that the youthful mind should be directed to it at an early age; the art of teach ing the sciences is, however, little understood, and is too generally made repulsively harsh. In botany, however, Mr. Gardiner has completely removed this objection, and in his " Twenty Lessons on British Mosses," has laid be fore the juvenile student so pleasing a book that we can hardly conceive a mind, however devoid of scientific taste, uninterested by it. Mr. Gardiner does not give imperfect drawings, and abstruse descriptions worded in technical phraseology; but his little book contains the mosses themselves, most carefully dried and pasted, and followed by the most familiar descriptions, interspersed with apt poetical extracts, which lend quite a charm to the work. `We feel sure nothing has yet been devised which is more likely to interest and instruct the young, whose minds, if they can be taught to admire the lowly moss, will not be slow to appreciate the more conspicuous beauties of the Creation. The merits of the work have been proved by an enormous sale of both series, and we strongly recom mend all parents end teachers to make these little books the first steps in scientific teaching. Punch is particularly happy in his illustration of a case of conscience-money :—" The Duke of his compliments to the proprietors of the Railway . Company, and begs to hand them a cheque for £5,000, be ing the amount of premium realised from an allotment of shares to which he was not entitled." AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE. I —iti En ZliSilman told me that he was travelling with his younger brother, who was inn, in the morning the " help" who had cleaned their boots, went to the younger brother and asked him for something; he directed him to his elder brother, who car ried the purse ; the " boot-clean" went to him and stood before him. " What do yqu want ?" was 1, " I'm dskee, the gentleman who cleaned your boots, and the deaf mast there told me to go to you.—SirJ.Alexander's"Acadie." A PARISIAN FOG. — Several accidents took place in consequence of the very dense fog on Sunday on the banks of the river above Paris. Opposite the Park at Bercy five sportsmen were returning in a char-a-bane, when the carriage went off the road and fell over the bank into the river, dragging the horse after it. One of the persons was killed on the spot, three others were seriously injured, one alone escaping unhurt. At the entrance of the bridge of Charenten, an old man driving a cabriolet, in which was also his daughter, went off the road and drove into the river. Their cries brought assist ance, and they were released from their perilous position, but the horse and cabriolet floated off. It was expected that the dead body of the horse would have been found the next morning, when, to the surprise of those who went in search of it, the animal was found stuck fast up to its knees in a sandbank, where he had stood with the cabriolet during the whole night. Many serious acci dents would doubtless have occurred in Paris but for the judicious arrangements made by the police in placing lamps at the corners of the streets, and moving about with torches ; the alacrity and readiness to afford infor mation displayed by these officers to those who had lost their way were praiseworthy in the extreme.—Galzgnani's Messenger. TROUBLES OF QUEEN MARY'S JAII.OR.—On the whole he [the Earl of Shrewsbury] probably suffered more dis turbance from Elizabeth's jealousy and suspicion, than from the apprehension o f p oor M ary ' s slipping through his fingers, or blowing Church and State into the air some day by her plotting a _,nd secret letter-writing. He was himself as vigilantly watched by the one as he was obliged to watch the other, and had almost as little liberty of locomotion as his prisoner. " I cannot," Cecil writes earnestly to him in August, 1569, " but . . . advertise your lordship of things necessarily belonging unto you. The Queen's Majesty, hearing doubtfully of uncertain reports that you should be, or would shortly, depart to the baths of Buxton, demanded of me what I beard thereof from your lordship." Cecil could only say, he was sure that, if the Earl had actually gone to Buxton, necessity must have compelled him, and he must have first made the most complete arrangements for the security of the Scottish Queen. Still her Majesty was trcubled what to think of it, and so she commanded him to send off instantly an express to the earl to learn " the very truth" of the matter, and at the same time to forward to Shrewsbury his own advice that, if he were not already set out, he would stay his journey till he should hear again from her Majesty. It had been reported, it seems, that the Countess also was gone or going to Buxton along with her husband. Every report of anybody having caught a. glimpse of her captive made Elizabeth uneasy. In Sep tember, 1572, we have Cecil, now become Lord Burghley, dispatching the following caution to the Earl :—" Her Majesty told me a while ago that a gentleman of my Lord of —, I dare not name the party—coming to your Lordship's house, was by your Lordship asked whether he had seen the Queen of Scots or no, and he said no. Then, quoth your Lordship, you shall see her anon. Which offer her Majesty misliking, I said that I durst say it was not true in that matter. I perceive her Majesty would have that Queen kept very straitly from all con ference, insomuch it is more like that she should be rather committed to [straiter] ward than to have more liberty." " Haste, post haste, haste, haste, for life, life, life, life, &c." is the endorsement on this letter. In December of the same year, Shrewsbury writes to Burgh ley to thank him heartily for seeking to satisfy her Majesty upon in' at liar admits that he . has sometime distance for the sake of his health ; but he has always in such cases, pre viously taken order for the safe keeping of his prisoner with a stronger guard, both within his house end further off, than when he is himself with her. " I thank God," he says, " my account of this weighty charge is ready, to her Majesty's contentation. No information nor surmise can make me shrink. Nevertheless, heneererth her Ma jesty's commandment for my continual attendenee upon this lady shall be obeyed as her Majesty shall not mistake thereof." The correspondence between the poor tethered Earl and both Burghley and his other friends and advisers at Court abounds with similar passages. In May, 1573 his son Gilbert writes to him thet considerable alarm had been occasioned by news ha; ing come that his Lordship had removed with his charge from Sheffield Castle to the Lodge in the neighbourhood. Gilbert had been seriously spoken to on the subject by a person in intimate relation ship with the Government. "I told him," he writes, •`what great heed and care you b ad to the safe keeping ; especially, being there, that great numbers of men, con tinually armed, watched her day and night, and both under _mber, and on every side of her; ) that, unless she could transform herself into a flea or 't was impossible that she should escape." One ore will he enough. In the beginning of the Gilbert's wife, who, it may be remembered, Shrewsbury's youngest daughter, had been brought to lie in, where her mother would be with her, in Sheffield Castle ; but even this domestic matter was not to be gone about without much precaution. nor did the shelter accorded to his daughter-in-law by the Earl fail to draw down upon him the frown of his Royal mistress. We have him thus expressing his contrition, and making the best excuse for himself he can to his friend Burgh ley :—" The mislike her Majesty [bath] of my son Gilbert's wife brought to bed in my house, as cause of women and strangers thither, makes me heartily sory! nevertheless, the midwife excepted, none such have, or do two oh a t t o ;f a n am c d t i ca m ht , theld creo children, e seth7rt i i t os h t n vnoe h i dd e r [the tsiulec such resort, Sc hr isdo.r o , t,tLlisßh child."—Romance myself,au n e Quee n's] lev n t s ofh ] the Peet age. mouse