The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1849-06-26 00:00:00

CORRESPONDENCE. THE (EPISCOPAL) CHURCH IN SCOTLAND. TO TIIE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. Stn,—The Christian world, in its present condition, most parties and sects of men seem to concur in regarding as on the whole grossly degenerate from its high estate, and as giving little earnest or evidence of the loftiness of its destiny, or the splendour of its extraction. A large number of " those who profess and call themselveS Chris tians" have so grievously perverted the simplicity of the truth, and upon the goodly foundation of the faith com mitted to them built a superstructure of their own de vising, that where apostles, confessors, and martyrs—a Paul, a Peter, or an Ignatius—fought the last fight of faith, and where the favoured candlestick once held forth the " true light which lighteth every man that cometh into the world" in all its brilliancy and power, now smoulder the false fires of superstition, and its flickering and unhealthy glare is almost all that remains to light the wanderer to a grave of darkness through a world of gloom, whilst but scanty is the proportion of those who have preserved the truth unmutilated and undefiled by the carnal invention, the proud ignorance, the misguided fanaticism, or the worldly passions of mankind. But amid this almost universal havoc, how is it nearer home ? —how in this our own land, where the veil which still hangs before the sleeping vision of unrepentant Rome has dropped from our eves, and where the searching rays of truth have certainly beamed upon us in unclouded effulgence, illuminating every corner and hiding-place of error, pouring its brightness upon the path of rectitude both in morals and in faith, and displaying to us in colours not easily to be mistaken all the subtle devices, the corrupt additions, and the false deceits, which the spirit of the world had engrafted on the purity of the Church ? We are blessed from on high with an uncor rupt branch of that Church to which have been committed the custody and care of the bread of life, which she, as a faithful steward of the mysteries of God, in unmutilated SiVrairlent B WA . litleOrrilVW scripture dispenses to the flock of Christ,—a Church which, stedfastly maintaining the " one Lord, one faith, and one baptism," earnestly desires and fondly cherishes the " unity of the spirit in the bond of peace," and, possessing within herself the full credentials and necessary gifts of the heavenly am bassadress, holds forth the word of truth as the sole foundation of the faith. But is the gracious gift trea sured ? Are our practice and opinions formed upon its models? or has it little influence upon either, but holds its place only where the prejudices of habit or the predis. positions of education are undisturbed by its sway ? We too, sir, are degenerate; and if an apostle were to come among us, I fear he would not recognise us as worthy descendants of those churchmen to whose bishop he wrote, admonishing him how he should behave himself " in the house of God, which is the Church of the living God, the Pillar and ground of the truth." However, the English petitioners from Scotland, upon whose conduct I briefly animadverted a wesk or two ago, do not afford a favoura ble specimen of Churchmen in this matter, and have shown a spirit of independence and waywardness not less discreditable than it may be considered natural and ine vitable. The pestilential notion, indeed, which degrades the Church into a sort of religious club, into which its members are self-elected, has gained ground among the Churchmen of these days to a considerable extent, but though prevalent it is no less a fiction of modern times— modern, I mean, among Churchmen ; for I suppose it is itself as old es the Puritans of some centuries ago, who committed themselves to the heresy of denying the Church altogether—a heresy to which many of us are, perhaps unconsciously, approaching. Such an antiquity and such an authorship are possibly great presumptions in its fa vour, but I am rather disposed to think that many who call themselves Churchmen have never investigated the subject at all, and, if they were asked why they were Churchmen, or what their Churchism meant, would be first staggered at the question, and afterwards perhaps struck with the necessity of inquiring into one portion of truth of which previously they had little thought. And supposing an answer were to be drawn from such an one, would it hang on grounds very different from, or much more tenable than, those upon which I touched in my last remarks upon this subject ? Would he not, I repeat, tell us that he " liked" the Church very well, that he admired her liturgy, that he approved her order, that at all events so long as he could " sit under" the ministry of so-and-so he certainly never would leave the Church, and perhaps, in an honest burst of enthusiasm, protest that she wee the Church of his forefathers, had been the Church of his infancy, and should be the Church of his old age ? These, or some of these, indeed, may be mo tives of regard and allegiance which cannot he found fault with, except as superseding others that are the very foun dation of them, and which reach beyond any mere per sonal feelings of preference or choice. And supposing him to be thus taxed by a Dissenter, and asked why he attended the " church" instead of the" meeting-house," would he not continue in the same strain, profess that each man was free to go where it suited him, and con scientiously advise his Dissenter friend to do his duty is his " chapel," and let him do his in his " church" ? Can we suppose, sir, that the petitioners had any more lofty ideas of the Church than these sentiments may convey or indicate, or that they considered that " there is a divinity cloth hedge around " it more than around any religious institution which a company of men may join together and agree to form ? If they had possessed the true idea of the Church,—namely, that it was a body transmitted down from the apostles, and inherited from age to age, united together and to its head in the two sacraments, under its lawfully commissioned pastors and ministers, and that the " Episcopal Communion " in Scotland was a true part of that Church,—surely they would have hesitated ere they had dared to play with, and make the subject of a hasty petition to the House of Lords of, their relations to the Catholic Church of Christ. They would have reflected that men are not allowed to set up congregations of religious worship as fancy pleases or convenience seems to require,—that this is no part of that liberty with which Christ has made them free, but rather a turning of it into a cloak for licentiousness, — that they are bound by relations which take no account of conventional prejudice, national predilection, or terri torial independence; and that in the Church of God, and in the baptism whereby they were engrafted into it, there is neither Englishman nor Scotchman, there is neither tribe nor race nor language, but we are " all baptized into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free, and have been all made to drink into one spirit." They would have reflected that to separate them selves from any branch of this Church, or to refuse com munion with it, except only so far as its terms of com munion could not be complied with without sin, was to fall into that yawning gulf of schism, into which so many. allured by the delusive cry of " Spirit, spirit, spirit," which, said Luther, emanates from Satan himself, have been and arc now daily swallowed up, flinging away the solid fervour, holy joy, and spiritual blessings, dispensed through the divine brdinance of the Redeemer, for the fitful flashes of a wayward imagination, or the proud in ventions of a perverted will. Surely they would have been scared by such dangers as these. The enlightened sense of independence, which I believe belongs of right to the nineteenth century, would not have despised the scruples which such obstacles as these wero calculated to call forth. But, sir, they had no conception of such ob stacles ; they had no rule before them beside their own will ; baptised into the Church of Christ, and, if loft to the teaching of that Church, brought up with correct notions of their position, they have yet modelled out a path of their own ; and as for their baptism, if they ever considered what change or effect that produced, they look upon it as having made them members of the " United Church of England and Ireland" ! This is sufficiently lamentable—lamentable that those who look upon them selves as no longer babes, nor " unskilful in the word of righteousness," have still need that they should learn " the principles of the doctrine of Christ," that they may the more profitably, leaving them behind, " go on unto perfection." But I must not forget that the con duct of these petitioners was justified on the ground of the " freedom of their Protestantism" ! Now, sir, " free Protestantism" is a highly dangerous weapon in the hands of inconsiderate men. Free Protestantism can and has, visibly before our eyes, run from top to bottom over the whole gamut of schism, heresy, and unbelief, and, under its specious garb, shadowed the most monstrous growths of this fertile age. What is it that has blighted, in the freedom of its progress, the fair realms which Luther and which Calvin once thought their own ? Does not the gloomy genius of scepticism and infidelity now brood where the former hurled forth his thunderbolts against Papal mendacity and corruption, and where the latter, with classic pen and fitting zeal, vindicated the purity of Christianity ? Yes ; revelling in the freedom of their Protestantism, the doctors and professors of Germany and Geneva have disclaimed all for which Luther pro tested and Calvin wrote ; have found the Bible too meagre for their "free" and bold invention ; have degraded their Redeemer into such an one as themselves ; have trampled under foot the blood of the Covenant as an unholy thing ; have driven preachers from pulpits for attempting to preach the Gospel, and teachers from schools for daring to teach the Scriptures ; have, in the " freedom" of their emancipated minds, in utter contempt of Bible, creeds, antiquity, authority, and every other restraint, luxuriated in all the dreary lengths and depths of Transcendentalism, Socinianism, Pantheism, and Neology; and behold, now glory in—the " freedom of their Protestantism " ! And has not the deadly blast, too, swept over the " Free Pro testantiem" of Russia, Prussia, and France ? In Russia, all the quondam Lutherans and Calvinists are little better than Infidels; in Prussia, Christianity and Infidelity still contend for victory ; and in France, its Free Protestant ministers tell us that Socinianism was the direct conse quence of their Reformation, and that " the freedom of inquiry could not but inevitably produce such results "; whilst I must not forget that in this town of ours I was lately somewhat astounded by finding the buildings which, in the homeliness of my Christianity, I had been accustomed to consider as meeting-houses for the sect called Socinians, dignified with the name of—" Free Protestant or Unitarian Chapels" ! I will not say, how ever, that it was to Germany or Geneva, to Prussia or to France, in its present state, that these Churchmen ap pealed for the " free Protestantism " which was to eman cipate them from the Church of Christ; but I will con clude these few remarks with repeating, that many of us are but degenerate Churchmen, and treasure not the gift of grace deposited among us. Where is its influence ? Is the Church heeded, even when she claims no unquali fied assent nor blind submission ? Where is our endea vour after unity ? What diversities of doctrine, and ani mosity of opposition—what sectarian watchwords, and human titles, and party faction—what pride of spirit and confidence of dogmatism and ungodly independence, called eartnestness and zeal and Christian liberty ! What fla ming demonstrations about Christian rights, and what comparative oblivion of Christian duty ! What magna nimity in asserting our "freedom" from imaginary yokes of bondage, and what little anxiety to ascertain the inti mations of the will of Christ ! What is it preserves us from the infidelity into which they have fallen who set out with louder professions than our own, and would once have thought us in the background of the Gospel ? How is it that we think we owe so little to the Apostolic Church among us—the safeguard from our own license — ,he guardian of the privileges we would cast away—the moderator of our froward passions —the educator of our insubordinate intellect—the messenger of God—the me dium of fellowship with apostles, saints, and martyrs— the dispenser of our life—the staff of our pilgrimage—the guide to our eternal home ? NIGEL. June 22d, 1849. WHAT IS WANTED TO IMPROVE TRADE. TO TILL EDITOR OF TILE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. The country is stricken with industrial paralysis. The appropriate remedy is earnestly debated by every man who thinks, and the thinkers are becoming a more numerous class. And here inquiries are the more earnest, as the question comes home to every man, in the shape of em barrassed trade, or reduced income, or scarcity of employ ment. In this excited state of the public mind, various remedies are proposed, by strenuous advocates. Emigra tion; more free trade; economy in government expendi ture ; economy in domestic expenditure ; stoppage of many railway projects, and limited operations on those which are proceeded with. Each has its advocate; but the currency reformers maintain that none of these reme dies are commensurate with the evil to be cured, which was the oscillation of 500 millions, in 1847, in the value of property; and that the cause of this reduction is to be found in a wrong system of money, based on an erroneous sfandard of value, and that it is something vicious at the root of our medium of exchange which stops at once pro duction and consumption, a phenomenon always coinci dent with a withdrawal of our standard of value and me dium of exchange—gold. As to this cry of taxation, they are only superficial men that give in to such an ignorant impatience. It is good times we want, and paper money only can give them to us.—l am, sir, &c., MENTOR. AMPLE MATERIALS FOR A NOVEL. (From " Hortensius ; or, The Advocate," by W. Forsyth, Esq.) One of the most remarkable cases in which D'Aguessau was engaged as counsel at the bar was the following : Louis de la Pivardiere, a gentleman of a good family but decayed estate, married in 1687 a widow named Da Menon, who possessed a small property near Narbonne. The union was not a happy one ; and De la Pivardiere began to treat his wife with neglect, who found consola tion in the attentions of Charost, the Abbe of Mizeray. The husband frequently absented himself from home, and while at Auxerre on one occasion he met with the daugh ter of a man who held the office of huisseur in the town, and fell desperately in love with her. Concealing the fact that he had a wife living, he married this new object of his attachment; and, on the death of the father, which soon happened, he succeeded to the same appointment which the latter had held. For two years De la Pivar diere lived in undisturbed union with his Auxerre wife, paying every six months a visit to his property at Nar bonne, where he drew his rents, and then went away, meeting with no opposition to his departure from his first wife, at whose house indeed he generally found the abbe an inmate on his return. Matters continued in this state until information was given to the lady at Narbonne, that the cause of her husband's frequent absence was the fact of his possessing another wife at Auxerre. Though she had ceased to love him, and in all probability had for a long time herself indulged in an illicit passion, this dis covery inflamed her jealousy, and she only waited for his appearance to upbraid him with his infidelity. It hap pened that he came to Narbonne very soon after his wife had received the intelligence. He arrived at his chateau on the evening of the festival of Notre Dame, in August. 1697, and found that a brilliant party had assembled in the saloons to do honour to the day. His sudden appa rition disconcerted the guests, and his wife received him with such marked coldness and aversion, that the com pany, who were ignorant of the true cause, could not for bear expressing their surprise. It may be easily imagined that their mirth was effectually damped, and the party soon broke up, leaving the husband and wife to an agree able tete a tete. No sooner had they gone, than she broke out into passionate reproaches, and told him to go to his new wife and ask her, if he wanted an explanation of the reason of her own coldness and displeasure. After a violent quarrel, De la Pivardiere retired to bed, and his wife then locked the door where one of the maid servants slept, and removed two of the others, and her two youth ful children, to an apartment at the top of the house which they had not occupied before. During the night a knocking was heard at the gate of the mansion, and when one of the female servants went down to inquire who was there, a man asked whether the Sieur de la Pivardiere had arrived, and being told that he had, he immediately dis appeared. Next day, La Pivardiere was not to be found, although his horse and riding apparel remained at the chateau. Some time elapsed, and still nothing was heard about him, and the remarkable circumstances attending his return sharpened the suspicions of the neighbourhood. At last officers of justice arrived at the house to investi gate the matter, and drew up a proces verbal. They found the mattress and bed on which La Pivardiere had slept stained with blood, and in the cellar a deep trench dug about the size of a man's body, although no corpse was there when they examined it. In addition to these and other circumstances, the, two maid servants, whom Madame de la Pivardiere had placed on the night in ques tion in the attic, deposed positively to the fact of the murder. They declared that their mistress had intro duced two valets of the Abbe de Mizeray into the cham ber of her husband, and that they had assassinated him. And the daughter of La Pivardiere, a girl of the age of nine years, deposed that she heard in the middle of the night the voice of her father crying out, " 0 ! my God, have pity on me !" What proof could seem more com plete than this ? The abbe was arrested, and the servants were confronted with him ; but in his presence they hesi tated, faltered, and at last openly retracted and disavowed all that they had previously sworn. No sooner, however, was he removed, than they reiterated their former state ment, and on being again confronted with him, they per tinaciously adhered to it. While matters were in this state, a most unexpected turn was given to the proceedings. It was confidently asserted that La Pivardiere was alive, and several wit nesses came forward and swore that they had seen him at Chateauroux and at Issodun, a few days after the time when he was said to have been murdered at Narbonne. Upon this, she who was either his wife or his widow, and upon whom such a load of suspicion rested, applied to the court for a warrant of arrest against her husband, that the fact of his existence might be duly proved. Two months elapsed before Pivardiere again appeared, but lie was then seen at Romarantin, and, being recognised, he was imme diately seized and carried to the prison where the two maid servants were confined, in order that he might be identified. They, however, both declared that he was not their missing master, and that they did not know the in dividual before them. In this perplexity the procureur du roi demanded his detention that the mystery might be cleared up ; but the authorities refused to interfere, and he went away from the place, leaving the fact of Pivar diere's existence involved in greater mystery than ever. Not long afterwards the accused partien were put upon their trial for the supposed murder, and an order was is sued for the arrest of the individual who was said to be La Pivardiere wherever he might be found. He did not, however, require to be searched for, but voluntarily came forward, and, appearing before the procureztr at Romo rantin, he declared that he was De la Pivardiere, and avowed his double marriage. What follows is singular enough. Instead of being immediately arrested and tried for bigamy, he made a formal demand that his identity should be first established by legal proof in a civil process ; and it was in this stage of the affair that D'Aguesseau was employed as counsel ; and he had to prove that the person whose suit was before the court, was the same De la Pi vardiere whose supposed murder was the subject of the criminal trial which was then pending. This he did in a very elaborate argument, in which he commented with masterly skill upon the conflict of probabilities and evi dence in this extraordinary case. The result was that the identity was established, and the surviving servant who had given evidence as to the fact of the murder, was con demned to make the amends honorable, to be whipped, branded with a fleur-de-lys, and banished for ever from the place where the parliament was sitting. The accused parties were, of course, set at liberty. FLEXIBLE IVORY.-It has been long known that in subjecting bones to the action of hydrochloric acid, the phosphate of lime which forms one of their component parts is extracted. Bones preserved in this manner re tain their original form and acquire great flexibility. It is by this process that M. Charriere, the maker of surgi cal instruments in Paris, softens the ivory of which he makes use to manufacture flexible tubes, probes and other instruments. These pieces, after receiving the required form and polish, are steeped either entirely or partially in acid diluted with water, where they remain as long as re quired. The ivory, after having undergone this prepara tion, becomes supple, flexible, elastic, and assumes rather a yellowish colour. In the course of drying, it again becomes hard and inflexible; but the flexibility of the ivory may be restored by Netting, either by surrounding it with a piece of wet linen or by placing sponge in the cavities of the pieces. Some pieces of ivory have been kept in a flexible state in the acidulated water for eight days ; they were neither changed nor injured, nor too much softened,—they had acquired no taste nor any dis agreeable smell. The preparation of flexible ivory may give rise to various useful applications of it in the arts or manufactures.—Patent Journal. GEORGE STEPHENSON IN HIS l'ouTu.—He always re garded time as precious, and carefully turned every mi nute to account. During the colliery night shifts he took his first lessons in arithmetic. When he had worked his sums on a slate, he sent them off next morning to a schoolmaster in the neighbourhood to correct, who in turn sent him new questions to answer. For this service the eager scholar sent his master the humble tribute of four pence per week. The rest of his time he occupied, during the night-shifts, in cleaning the pitmen's clocks and watches, for which he was paid. He also cut the pit men's clothes out, and gave instructions in the art of " cutting out " to the pitmen's wives, usually not very handy at such sort of work ; and it is said that to this day there are pitmen's wives at Killing worth, cutting out clothes according to the instructions then given them by George Stephenson. He also made shoes in those lone nights by the engine fire ; and occa sionally made presents of them to the poor relations of his wife and their children. He turned his ready hand to anything. Among others of his works was a sun-dial still fixed over the door of the house he lived in while at Killingworth ; and, to the last day of his life, he felt a pride at the sight of that sun-dial. Not long before his death, while surveying the line of the Newcastle and Berwick Railway, he drove a professional friend some what out of his way to have an admiring look at the dial. —Eliza Cook's Journal. Till LIVERPOOL STANDARIi. On Wednesday the stage coach which runs between Henley and London was upset. A lady on the outside had ier leg broken, and so great was the injury that the limb was amputated. A gentleman received a compound fracture of one of the arms. The other passengers, though much injured were able to walk to their respec tive homes. LUDICROUS INCIDENT.-11l the Court of Bnnkruptcy on Thursday, in the proceedings of Mr. Fitzgerald, mine owner, of Portland-place, an attempt was made to prove a claim upon an alleged annuity. In support of the claim a letter was produced, on the back of which was written that the consideration for the annuity was that the an nuitant should " hold his tongue." The claim was not established. A MAID-SERVANT OUT OF EMPLOY.—At the Green wich Police-office, on Wednesday, Susan Reed, late in the employ of Mr. E. Luck, landlord of the Navy Arms, Deptford, was committed on a charge of stealing £9 in gold and silver, the property of her master. P. C. Arthur, of the detective force, said he found her at Cam bridge, where she leas living on property of her own. J. Clifford, ostler of the Red Lion, Brompton, identified the prisoner as having been at his master's house on the day after the robbery. She called for five pints of gin, five gallons of beer, nine pots of half-and-half, and 33 bottles of soda water and brandy, besides cheroots. The whole of these were consumed by the prisoner and the company present. The prisoner paid for everything, and smoked three cheroots herself. She treated every on 3 who visited the room—many persons were present. POPERY AT SUNDERLAND.—A judicial investigation took place a few days ago before the magistrates at Sun derland, into a charge involving the barbarous treatment of a child about six years of age, by the teacher of a Popish school in that town. John Daveen is the name of the Popish disciplinarian, and the child, it appeared, was a scholar in the establishment over which he presided. The poor child's shoulders and back were in a frightful state from the blows which had been inflicted on them, and their appearance created a shudder throughout the court. The defence was that the child had been behav ing ill, and. had only been properly chastised by the de fendant as a master in the school : but the evidence failed to support that plea, and the defendant was convicted. The sentence of the court was that the defendant be fined twenty shillings and costs ; and the Mayor, in giving judgment, commented most severely on the defendant's cruel conduct. On subsequent inquiry. it appears that the child so brutally treated is the son of Protestant parents. THE PAPER DUTIES.—A petition has been forwarded to Mr. Cowan for presentation to the House of Com mons, from Messrs. Chambers, of Edinburgh, in which they state that the excise duties, while felt as little bur densome in the case of high-priced books, fall with great severity upon works which seek to make up, by a large circulation, for the cheapness of single copies. So much is this the case, that they have been prevented by no other cause from continuing or commencing various peri odical works calculated to introduce the blessings of know ledge and moral culture among the masses of the people. In one case they abandoned such a work, while its sale was 80,000 copies weekly, because of its being unprofita ble ; the fact being, that the paper duties would of them selves have been a very high remuneration, much more than sufficient to induce them them to maintain the work. During the five years ending with Dec., 1848, they paid for printing paper the sum of £63,425, of which £14,335 were exacted as Excise duties. AN OAK STRUCK BY LIGHTNING.—SINGULAR EF FECTS.—During the thunder-storm on Saturday week, a magnificent oak in the uolicy of Mr. Wouchope of Ed monstone, about three miles from Edinburgh, was struck by the lightning and instantly redue4d to a picturesque heap of ruins. The tree was about fourteen feet in cir cumference at the base, and is supposed to have been nearly 200 years old. The electric fluid appears to have entered the trunk about ten feet from the ground, strip ping it completely of its bark, and cleaving it asunder in to a thousand different segments down to the root, and apparently through the root itself, while the vast branches —each equal in size to a considerable tree—were torn from the stem eel thrown to the ground, covering an area nearly a hundred feet in circumference. The splinters of the trunk are of all sizes—from filaments as fine as flax up to massive planks, several of which, weighing probably four or five hundred pounds, have been projected to the distance of forty r fifty, and even a hundred feet. None of the fragments have the least appearance of being scorched. ATTACK BY A MARE, AND FATAL RESULT.—An un fortunate circumstance has just oocurred at Mistorton, which has cast a gloom over the whole village. William Colton, farrier and blacksmith of that place, having occa sion on Wednesday week to go into the farmyard of Mr. Corringham, observed a mare, which he had recently had under treatment, prick her ears, and look intently at him, as if she meant mischief. Becoming alarmed, he turned round hastily to make his escape from the yard, when his foot slipped, and he fell. The mare in a moment was upon him, and, kneeling upon his body, seized him by the back of the head, and inflicted very considerable injuries with her teeth. Whilst in this position, a maid servant, who had seen the mare run at Colton, came up, and threw something at it, which frightened it away. Assistance was then called, and the wounded man was conveyed away, and placed, as soon as possible, under. medical treatment, but the injury he had received was of such an extensive nature, that no hopes were entertained of his recovery. He continued to linger until Wednesday last,- when death, we understand, put a period to his sufferings. —Doncaster Chronicle. DR. COFFIN'S WORK: DEATH OF A FEMALE FRCM INDIAN TOBACCO.—On Saturday, an inquest was held in London, touching the death of a young woman named' Jane Garner. It appeared that the brother of the de ceased, acting on the instructions in a work called " Cof tin's Botanical Guide to Health, and Natural Pathology of Disease," had given her several doses of lobelia. Mr. Leeson, surgeon, who was called, stated that the lobelia inflata is an Indian weed of a very powerful character, and a narcotic poison. He had made a post mortem exa mination and attributed death to the poisonous effects of lobelia. He found upwards of 400 grains of it in the sto mach, which was quite sufficient to produce death. Lo belia acted upon the nervous system in the same manner as prussic acid. The jury returned the following special verdict :—" That the deceased died from the effects of a certain noxious weed called lobelia inflata, administered to her as a medicine, and without any intention to destroy life; but the jurors cannot separate without expressing their opinion of the injurious effects which have been thus produced by a book published, and entitled Coffin' s Botanical Guide to Health,' which has led torn incautiou s and indiscriminate use of the weed in question, and which work is condemned by the wholeof the medical profession.►- PREDISPOSING CAUSES OF - CHOLIsRA.—III the return of deaths from cholera in London, in the week ended Saturday last, we find that a lady, the widow of a colonel, living in Gibson-square, Islington, died of cholera in 48 , hours. The medical attendant states, that " there is a foul cupboard under the stairs of the house in which she• lived."—Mr. J. Watts, the registrar, adds, that " deceased occupied a house situated in one of the open squares. The attention of the family was directed immediately after the death to offensive effluvia proceeding from the kitchen stairs, which they traced to the unused closet or cupboard mentioned above. In the last weekly return was reported a death which occurred suddenly in the same house, of a gentleman, aged 60, from cholera, after 151 hours' illness, whose sleeping room was partly over this cupboard. Both parties had been previously in excellent health."—No fewer than nine fatal cases occurred in the Leather Market. Bermondsey, and Mr. Martin, the regis trar, states, "that all the nine cases of cholera reported this week, occurred on the banks of a disgusting tidal ditch, mentioned before. Seven of them occurred within 50 yards of each other.. Theditch, formerly used as a mill stream, is now the receptacle of all kinds of filth. Putrid fish in large q_nantities is frequently thrown in ; many of the poor drink the water and use it for culinary purposes."—These deaths from offensive effluvia and bad water, are strong arguments for the removal of every nuisance without delay, and for the greatest care being exercised both as to wholesome food and drink. A HURRIED MARRIAGE.—A. ship's husband belonging to Montrose sent the other day to Dundee for three sea men, to complete a ship's crew about to sail for Arch angel. The men accordingly came; one of them with a heart overflowing with the most intense love for a beauti ful young lady, coupled with an overwhelming determi nation to appear before the altar of Hymen before he went to plough the vasty deep. But the vesseFwas within a few hours of sailing; and, as misfortune would have it, the pockets of the love-stricken tar did not contain that without which a matrimonial alliance cannot be consum mated. In such an emergency what was to be done? for married Jack must be —married--as life could not be endured unless he could call her whom be loved his own. He went to the captain, or rather the ship's husband, and asked a month's pay in advance. This was granted, upon security; but, even with the money, how could he get married ? The ship was within an hour of sailing ; every moment was precious. Fortunately for Jack, the law has a provision for such an urg€nt case of matrimony. He received a line from the captain that the ship was to sail ;- and with this important document he hurried up the town with his sweetheart, and before a justice of the peace, declared her to be his lawful married wife. Poor Jack had no time for a marriage trip, nor even the plea sure of dancing to a fiddle on the night of his wedding. He looked at his dear, kissed her tenderly, shook her by the band, jumped on board, and departed, leaving the newly-made wife upon the shore.—Montrose Standard. PROSPECTIVE REPORTING. We boast sometimes of the electric telegraph, which can transmit a message a thousand miles in " less than no time ;" but the powers of the subtle fluid have been eclipsed this week by a pen ny-a-liner located at the Menai Straits. The smartness of the class is acknowledged, but it is not often that we have detailed accounts of an event before it has occurred. The " fast" scribe, however, writing on Tuesday evening, gives a circumstantial account (published by the Times) of the floating of the great tube for the Britannia bridge, —an operation which, owing to a petty accident, did not take place till Wednesday evening. After describing the preparations, and the multitude of spectators, the writer says :—" All eves were fixed with mingled feelings of confidence and fear on the gigantic fabric, upon which stood Mr. Stephenson and Captain Claxton. Soon after the utmost excitement ensued, on the first signal, that of the sudden springing up on the Anglesey side of the first signal flag, and a shrill strain from the trumpet of Capt. Claxton from the top of the tube, to the pilots, to take the tide and pipe all hands for the exploit. This was responded to by a loud burst of enthusiasm from the sea men, whose efforts, united to those of the steam-tugs, told upon the screws and tackles, and „upon the hitherto motionless monster, which then glided very slowly, and amid intervals of unceasing cheers and salutations without injury or jar, and with a majesty that could only be com pared to that of a mountain moving on the waters to the site of its final resting-place." There were of course none of the striking displays mentioned. Capt. Claxton never blew " a shrill strain from his trumpet," nor was there any " loud burst of enthusiasm from the seamen," for the monster tube, instead of being " glided" to its 6` Anal resting-place," was Prier moved at all. Hoes* THE COUNTY RATES ARE SPENT.—TWO boys, last week, at the Central Criminal Court, London, were indicted for a burglary, when, after a policeman deposed that he saw the two prisoners drop from the prosecutor's wall, and captured one of them with the property on him. The following conversation took place between the judge and the witness :—The Common Ser jeant : Did vou examine the premises ?—No.—Common Serjeant No, I thought not ; another officer had 4 ;,0 do that ?—Yes.—Common Serjeant : And, of course, another to take the other prisoner ?—Witness : Yes, he was not taken at the time.—Common Serjeant : Of course he was not; and, . I suppose, another constable to prove some thing else. All these policemen, in such a case, accounts for the swelling up of the county rates. PAPISTS TURNED STREET -PREACHERS !—ln the thir teenth annual report of the Loughborough and Ashby-de la-Zouch (Church of England) Protestant Tract Society (with the sight of which we have been favoured), we read that, during the year 1848 the Papists in that vicinity " have carried on rather extensively a system of street preaching." on which " they seem to have placed special reliance. The committee are willing to hope that this is a 'favourable symptom—a proof that, in their chapels, where the superstition and idolatrous ceremonies of their faith are necessarily practised, they do not sufficiently gain the ears of the people; and, therefore, need to enlist converts in the streets and highways, where the peculiar doctrines and practices of their church can be kept out of sight. Certain it is that the style of street-preaching was adapted as much as possible to the popular taste. Hymns were given out and prayers (apparently extempore) offered up by the preacher; 'and, in the subject matter of the discourses, a special disposition was shown to say but little about the peculiar tenets of the Church of Rome, and enter merely on such points of morality and practical holiness as all religionists are agreed upon, and therefore none would controvert" (" Report," p. 8). We rejoice to know that this subtle machination of the Papists has not succeeded. By the circulation of effective and well written tracts, aided by well-selected lending libraries and the unwearied labours of the Scripture-readers, the com mittee of the Loughborough and Ashby Protestant Trace Society have been enabled, by the divine blessing, effec tually to stem the progress of Popery within the district to which their labours are confined. JUVENILE THIEVES AND THEIR RECLAMATION. — Two boys, named Corbett and Ryan, whose heads were scarcely visible above the dock, were found guilty of a burglary last week at the Central Criminal Court, Lon don. After proof had been tendered that Corbett was a regular thief, the Common Serjeant asked Ryan whether he had not been drawn into the affair by Corbett, and where he had met him ? Ryan said, the last day of Step ney-fair, and he then proposed that they should go next week to Deptford-fair where they might do something. The Common Sergeant : What were you to do ? tell the truth.—Ryan: To pick pockets.—The Common Sergeant: Well, what did you do ? (To the jury). We may learn something useful by this.—Ryan (with much sim plicity): We did not do anything; we were taken into custody before the fair began. In answer to further questions, Ryan said that he had no father nor mother, and that he lived with an uncle in Rosemary Lane. A police-constable said, this was not the first time he had been in trouble. The Common Serjeant : I thought all his innocence was gone, coming from such a place as that. —Ryan admitted that he had been before imprisoned, and once whipped at bridewell, and with tears running down his cheeks, implored the Common Serjeant not to send him again to prison, but to transport him, for when he came out he should be a man.—The Common Serjearit: What do you mean by being a man?—Ryan (with much earnestness) : Because then none of my friends and com panions will know me.—The Common-Serjeant : Ah ! There is much truth in that. You have no chance in this country.—The other boy, who during a portion of the time maintained the most hardened indifference, now burst into tears, and begged that he might be transported. The Cornmon-Serjeant said, they were much to be pitied, particularly the boy Ryan, who only had an uncle to look after him, and was brought up in that receptacle for vice —Rosemary-lane. It was the best thing that could be done for them to transpert them. Both the boys assured his Lordship that they never were so happy or comfort— able as when they were in prison. The Common-Serjeant said he believed them. They were then ordered to be transported for seven years. They both bowed most deferentially to the bench, and said "Thank ye, we arc obliged to you." The investigation into the circumstances connected with the lives of these boys excited much sympathy and interest, and the poor little fellows seemed truly grateful for the sentence passed on them. OUR IMPORTS AND EXPORTS. The monthly Accounts relating to Trade and Naviga tion which have just been issued are merely a continua tion of the long series, which the last eighteen months have presented, of continually augmenting imports, and diminishing exports. We may, indeed, allow some exception to the last par ticular, when we have to compare March and April, 1849, with March and April, 1848. This period of last year was one of mere " earthquake" on the continent, and it was naturally, therefore, a period in which trade was almost entirely suspended. That the present spring should seem almost one of activity and liveliness, in comparison with the time of barricades, it is not at all surprising. But few persons will be deceived by such a comparison. The principal feature of the case, is, the continual and rapid increase of our imports. These may be judged of, in some measure, by the following items : ImponTs. Four Months Four Months of 1848. of 1849. Sheep.... Corn, qrs. Flour, cwts. Hides, tanned or curried 121,426 389,918 Women's boots or shoes .. 30,307 37,267 Boot fronts Gloves . . 1,025,195 1,417,381 Potatoes, cwts. Bacon, ditto Beef, salted, ditto 39,395 96,008 Pork, salted, ditto 37,164 113,156 Eggs .. 29,181,503 34,389,398 Silk Goods. lbs... Watches £22,083 25,572 Woollen Goods £124,592 166,684 These items show, as we have already said, that, the English market being thrown open to all the world, foreign manufacturers and producers are thronging into it ; one result of which must inevitably be, the throwing, day by day, and week by week, a greater number of En glish artisans and labourers out of employment. The political economists always reply, that this is non sense : for that we do not get these foreign goods for nothing, and must therefore pay for them by an increased export of our own manufactures. This is a very pretty theory ; but, unfortunately, the returns made up at our Custom-houses show nothing of the kind. An increase we doubtless find of our exports in January April, 1849, as compared with January April, 1848, and it would be wonderful were it not so. But there is no in crease at all resembling the increased imports which we have just particularised. The improvement in our foreign trade is thus shown:— EXPORTS Four Months Four Months of 1848. of 1849. Cotton manufactures £5,081,392 5,806,907 Earthenwares Glass Haberdashery Hardware 644,760 586,589 Linen manufactures Machinery Silk Manufactures 159,583 191,181 Woollens, pieces 1,071,120 1,260,471 . _ These advances, we repeat, might naturally be calcu lated on from the gradual subsidence of that commotion which, in the spring of 1848, was in its height on the Continent. But this increase in exports does not at all balance the far larger augmentation in our imports, for which, too, there is no similar cause to be shown in any internal improvement in our own circumstances. The influx of foreign goods is rather the effect of a spreading feeling on the Continent that the English is still the high est market—a feeling which will continue and increase until, by ceaseless competition, it has reduced English prices and English wages to the continental level. Etntrat lEtsrtlianv. The Daily News states that the lA-monthly Indian mail, via Southampton, will shortly be re-established. Sir Robert Peel and Lord John Russell have each sub scribed £lOO for the Irish. Tt is statccl that Lady Lincoln, daughter of the Duke of Hamilton, has conformed to the Romish faith. Charles Dra';e, belonging to the Essex county police, has been committed to take his trial, charged with incen diarism. On the night of the 14th, Lord Cardigan's reeimentals, worth £l2O, were stolen by some person from the Houns low Barracks. The vessel Colonist, from Hobart Town, has brought 672 bags of wheat, as a portion of her cargo, of Australian produce. She had also on board 3,800 hams. Fresh cases of cholera, but not very numerous, con tinue to occur in London. At Dublin the epidemic is on the decline. A call of £2O per share, in addition to £3O already called, is about to be made upon the shareholders of the North of England Bank by Master Farrer, under the Joint Stock Companies' Winding-up Act. The General Assembly of the Scottish Establishment has accepted, by a large majority, the Government scheme of education. It was opposed by Dr. Muir; and, after the resolution of the assembly, he tendered his resignation of the Convenorship of Committee. The Bishop-Wearmouth question is likely to be arni. cably settled; and an income of £l2OO per annum being retained for the incumbent of the mother-church, a surplus of nearly £2OOO per annum will remain, to be distributed among the poor chapelries of the district. It is stated that Mr. Wombwell'S death occurred in this way :—Two elephants in the same compartment began to fight. Deceased went into the den and pricked one of them with an open knife which he had in his hand, upon which the infuriated animal struck him with one of ite tusks, in the lower part of the abdomen. BUILDING SET ON FIRE BY THE SUN.—On Friday week, the rafters of a coal shed in Malling-street, Lewes, the property of Mr. George Molineux, caught fire by the concentration of the sun's rays upon it, through a sky light, the panes of which having a slight convexity in the centre, acted as a lens in bringing the rays to a focus. CONSOLATION FOR FARMER.S.OIIe of our corn millers having purchased fifty sacks of French flour, on an observation being made to him of the strangeness of a Yorkshire miller buying French flour, replied that he could buy it for less money than he could buy wheat for and grind it in his own mill.—Hull Packet. AN IMPUDENT IMPOSTER.—A corn doctor was sum marily ejected from Dudley last week for gross imposition. He was seen to purchase a pennyworth of green wafers at a stationer's, and these he palmed off upon the simple tons in the market as a wonderful compound of Chinese vegetables, certain to eradicate corns root and branch. " TUE PENNY PUNCH." - -A new candidate for public favour has just appeared under this title, and professes to be. on the abdication of old Punch, a veritable chip of the old block. If it sustains itself with one-half the vigour which the old publication has exhibited,it will soon realize a large share of popular encouragement. The specimen number is a very fair one. A serious accident lately happened at Nigg, Kincar dineshire, to a young lad who had been shooting birds, and who thoughtlessly put the loaded pistol which he was using into his pocket. It went off, and the contents lodged in his thigh, producing a fearful wound ; and, erisypelas having since appeared, he now lies in a critical state. A clerk at the Bradford house of the well-known firm of Messrs. A. and S. Henry, merchants, has recently absconded, taking with him nearly £lOOO in cash, the property of his employers. The money was obtained from the Commercial Bank, Bradford, by means of a forged cheque upon the Leeds Branch of the Bank of Englend, with whom Messrs. Henry do business. _ . AN ESCAPE FROM BURIAL ALIVE.—The cholera is raging in the Niliege of Arlingham, Gloucestershire. A singular incident occurred there on Mohday last. A child named Phillips, who was supposed to be dead, was laid out with her mother, who had died of cholera, and the bodies were about to be buried. The father, however, while bearing some burning tar through the house, said the child moved; it gradually recovered, and is now living. A man bought a gownpiece at a sale by auction in Louth, Lincolnshire, on Thursday week, and jestingly cried that the first woman who would give him a kiss should have the dress as a gift. A woman,—whether young or old, fair or ugly, is not said by the Stamford Mercury, which relates the story,—immediately stepped forth, kissed him, and carried off the gownpiece, to the utter discomfiture of the confounded joker, who vainly protested that he had never meant to be taken at his word. _ _ At the Central Criminal Court, London, on Monday, James Winch, bookseller, was sentenced to six months' imprisonment for publishing and selling the infamous Sam Sly, containing a libel on the Rev. Robert. Liddell, vicar of Barking. Coffin, another publisher, and his shopman Smith, were also sentenced to six months' im prisonment each for a like offence ; the former, in addi tion, to pay a fine of £lO, and both to enter into recog nizances of £lOO to keep the peace for three years. A FASTIDIOUS BENEDICT.—Died lately at Castor, aged 97, Mr. Thomas Tomlinson, ladies' shoemaker. The deceased was very eccentric. He was thrice married, and his eccentricity was manifested particularly iu the dispa rity of his wives' ages. His first wife was sixty years older than himself, the second twenty years younger, and the third (who survives him) sixty-three years younger than himself, she having been born about the battle of Waterloo, and the deceased about the Battle of Culloden. Glasgow Mail. On Thursday, a commercial traveller, from Stafford shire, who had spent the evening with five respectable inhabitants of Halifax, at an inn of that town, suddenly declared that he had been robbed of £2OO by them, or one of them. The police were consequently summoned to make a search, when they discovered the purse, with the missing money, under the pillow of the accuser's bed, where he had himself placed it, and had afterwards for gotten what he had done. The accused were naturally very indignant, but ultimately agreed to accept the obli vious traveller's apologies, on condition that he should present £5 to the Halifax Infirmary. LIFE-BOAT FOR THE PRINCE OF WALES.--• The Court Circular of Saturday announced the construction of a beautiful life-boat on a peculiar principle, for the Prince of Wales. The following aro the dimensions of the boat : —Length over all, 20 feet ; length on the keel 17 feet 4 inches; breadth at the main thwart, 3 feet 24 inches; breadth at the backboard thwart, 2 feet 11/ inches; breadth at the row lock, 3 feet 71. inches ; depth 111 inches. She is constructed of bird's eye maple, thelinings, saxboards and thwarts being of Spanish mahogany; her keel band, stem bands, and rudder hangings are of bronze, the rudder of maple, with a carved yoke, gilt, and silk lines of tassels of crimson and gold colour. She is also fitted with an elegantly carved chair, the seat of which is covered with crimson satin damask, with an elaborate pattern in raised velvet, of the same colour, the back be ing supported by the Prince of Wales's feathers, carved in maple, and heightened with gold. The rowing mat is of the same material as the cushion of the chair, and there is a small foot ottoman, of Utrecht velvet. The ocelle are mahogany, and are very light.: Distrirt A Preston paper gives an account of two men, each of whom kept an ass, and turned the animals out to graze in Fox-lane, near Leyland. On going to fetch the asses home, each man mistook his own beast, and did not dis cover the mistake until the animals refused, in spite of cuffs and blows, to enter the strange stables to which they were taken. PROFITS OF TILE MANCIIESTER GAS WORKS.—What ever of profit is made is paid over to what is called the im provement committee, and by them expended, under au thority of the town council, in making new thoroughfares, widening streets, &c, The amount thus expended annu ally is very large, having amounted in some years to nearly £40,000. A new Wesleyan Chapel is about to be erected in Bold street, Warrington. The estimated cost is about £4,500, a considerable portion of which is already raised ; but this does not include an organ. The building, when finished, will contain 1,400 sittings, inclt.dinz 400 free. The old chapel seats only 80Q, so that there will be nearly double the present accommodation. DREADFUL COLLIERY EXPLOSION—On Saturday morn ing, a fearful explosion of fire-damp took place at Laffak coalpit, near St. Helen's, in this county. The pit is the property of Mr. J. T. Johnson, of Runcorn, and the shaft 160 feet deep, being driven into the Rushy Park mine. The explosion occurred in a " slant," forming part of some old workings. The explosion was in the morning, and was of great force, forcing heavy planks into the air even at the pit mouth. One man, the " browman," at the mouth of the pit, had his skull fractured by a piece of falling timber, and died soon after. There were in the pit at the time sixty to seventy people. Four were brought up dead, two men and two boys, and twenty-two were seriously injured. The men were all married, and have left families. It is conjectured that the explosion arose from one of the men below throwing aside his safety lamp. DEATH OF "THE•~BARD OF COLOUR."—On Tuesday, Robert Rose, a West Indian, who is the author of several poems, and is known as " the bard of colour," died sud denly, at the Salford lock-up, under the influence of a fit of delirium tremens. For some time past, he has been very intemperate in his habits, more especially during the last three weeks, and on the evening of Saturday week he is said to have drunk the almost incredible quantity of a pint of whiskey, a pint of brandy, two quarts of ale, and three bottles of porter; and on Sunday morning week, the servant of the house where he lodged, in St. Stephen's Street, fetched him some more liquor. For seven or eight days previous to this, he is said not to have been in bed at all, and to have taken no food since Friday. The de ceased, who wasabout forty-three years of age. was a na tive of Bcrbice, in the West Indies, and some fifteen years ago he was sent to this country by his father, a man of considerable property, to learn the Manchester trade. Disliking business, however, and being possessed of suffi cient means, he gave himself entirely to literary pursuits and led the life of a gentleman. Sometime ago his habits became exceedingly irregular, and he took to fits of ex cessive drinking. SALUBRITY OF SOUTHPORT.—We have great pleasure in giving insertion to the following extract of a letter from an eminent medical practitioner in Manchester :—" For invalids and children Southport is a delightful place, and invaluable to their health,its salubrity is not appreciated as widely as it deserves. If such a mild and equable.• climate were within tolerable reach from London, Brigh ton and Hastings would be depopulated in a twelve month. London physicians have no id a that such a place can possibly exist so far north, or they would send their patients pilgrimages to it. If any of the intelligent resident medical men would publish a good meteorologi cal account of the climate, the place would double in size very rapidly." We ourselves know that hundreds and thousands of invalids and parents can vouch for the cor rectness of this graphic testimony, to the salubrity of Southport, hitherto almost a terra incognita, owing in a great degree to want of convenient access ; but thanks to the promoters of the Liverpool, Crosby, and Southport Railway, a direct rapid railway communication will, in March next, be established to Liverpool and Manchester, by the completion of the remaining three miles from Waterloo to the point of junction at Sand Hills Bridge with the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. At the present time, however, we believe we• are speaking within bounds when we say that the want of an additional num ber of houses and lodgings of a superior order, alone pre vents the number of residents and visiters being doubled. —Soutkport Visitor. There is a record in the parish registar of Tannadice, near Forfar, of the closing of the church on a certain Sunday, because the minister had to go elsewhere to su perintend the burning of a witch. LAST MOMENTS OF SIR WALTER RALEIGH.—HIS last moments were each,an episode, and bisects and words have been carefully recorded. On the morning of his ex ecution, his keeper brought a cup of sack to him, and inquired how he was pleased with it ? "As well as he who. drank of St. Giles's bowl as lie rode to Ty burne," answered the knight, and said, it was good drink, if a man might but tarry by it." " Prithee, never fear, Ceeston," cried he to his old friend Sir Hugh, who was repulsed from the scaffold by the sheriff, " I shall have a place !" A man bald from - extreme age pressed forward: " to see him," he said, " and pray God for him." Raleigh took a richly embroidered cap from his own head, and placing it on that of the old man, said "take this, good friend, to remember me, for you have more need on it than I !" "farewell,my lords," was his cheerfulparting to a courtly group who affectionately took their leave of him, " I have a long journey before me, and I must e'en say good-bye." " Now lam going to God," said that heroic spirit, as he trod the scaffold; and, gently touching the axe, added, "This is a sharp medicine, but it will cure all diseases." The very headsman shrank from beheading one so illustrious and brave, until the unquailing soldier addressed him, " What does thou fear ? Strike man ?" In another moment the mighty soul had fled from its mangled tenement. Cayley, after describing Sir Walter's execution, adds, "The head, after being shown on either side of the scaffold, was put into a leather bag, over which Sir Walter's gown was thrown, and the whole conveyed away into a mourning coach by Lady Raleigh. It was preserved by her in a case during the twenty-nine years which she survived her husband, and afterwards with no less piety by their affectionate son Carew—with whom it is supposed to have been buried at West Horsley, in Surrey, The body was interred in the chancel near the altar of St. Margaret's, Westwilutcr.--FrOtri Wcff , minder Memorialf," tet )41. Jane 26, 11 THE ;73 . RITANNIA TUBULAR BRIDGE' Everything aricl i stranger has difficulty discovering, and appreciating the magnify& of the undertalong:.aot a t gip works is on a gigantic scaler huge towers and other wasonfy at what in ° J r o' bridges would be called the abotroents, are of the o teri o iferous limestone attainable in the locality , ---3 lqio , ot adainantine strength and durability. Th e stones bl o rusticated tiers in all the work, are in !minenS e fl Those in the Britannia tower are huge on th,e ,ut " o o about two feet in thickness, and average in ivel,over tk five tons, which is far beyond the usual size. throlg square openings, or arches, for the tube? , h oof towers there are six stones, forming the lentils, t length of which only would be 120 feet, or 20 icer.ele The stone admits of a high polish in the hands o f tu oo t dary, and handsome brooches are formed of it', _Oa are extensive iron works for the construction of tF,',O along the Carnarvon shore, with forges, and Pl il oeS drilling and turning machinery, worked by steam. •fl extend nearly a mile in almost a continuous line, number of men employed in all ( onry mas wood-work), until latterly, was upwards of 2,ukft" of them domiciling in temporary wooden cottaFiriat a heights above, and others at the Menai Cha in 0 0 Bangor, &c.—The next tube to be fixed r an d tbe k tiOg two are approaching to completion) is alreadY r es A 0 0 the shore, supported on a bed of timber at each 0 ; 6 1 0 supporting it in the manner in which it will be 0;0 its final resting place. It is also perfectly straight' flection from the straight line having taken plac e : ;age The mortar used in the stone-work of the made from the same lime-stone forming the g;', o e! structure, ground up with chippings of the sanci.,l'o, which the interior walling of the towers are bull' , of' lime is of great hardness when set, but little or n° l ' - b e isf is seen, the jointing of the rusticated tiers of sO n k e ste; so close and perfect. The contractors for the yor'., o lP for the mason) y, Messrs. B. J. Nowell and Co'' fie' the iron-work Messrs. J. and J. Garfortb, an d , Mare and Co. ' On Thursday the celebrated civil engine e '"sl o -- _ - .valk64 Brunel and Mr. Locke, visited the works, wa li tiolti the top of the placed tube, and expressed their 1 " - of the whole work. c hoe, The abutments, on either side of the streits'l43fe' piles of masonry. That on the Anglesey side i s t oe is high, and 173 long. The wing walls of both te t l los splendid pedestals, and on each side are two cois s f fi e co re ' couchant, of Egyptian design, lifting their limestlipt?.,, , heads in the face of every train. These liens' tubes they adorn, are on a gigantic scale, each Ol he d ) feet long, 12 feet high, though crouched, 9 feet s i g hs body, and each paw 2 feet 4 inches. Each tons. There is some intention of surmounting,' ee t it' tral tower with a colossal figure of Britannia, 6 0 of The towers for supporting the tube are ° f ? t oo ° magnitude with the entire work. The great pl i to tO Tower, in the centre of the straits, is 62 by 52 fe e , t coo' base ; its total height from the bottom, 230 feet; ' c oo: , tains 148,625 cubic feet of limestone, and 144,625,°;005s stone ; it weighs 20,000 tons •, and there are 38 1 c . ,i r cle° cast iron built into it in the shape of beams an d Its province is to sustain the four ends of the 1.0 or e .; iron tubes which will span the str a its f ro m shoresage The total quantity of stone contained in the w' a eel 1,500,000 cubic feet. The - side towers stand St distance of 460 feet from the great central Wil l. ; ,iia/ again, the abutments stand at a distance from towers of 230 feet, giving the entire bridge a tote. cot a of 1,849 feet, corresponding with the date of th i ' Yof grace. The side or land towers are each 62 fe: 1 0 to o ' feet at the base, and 190 feet high ; they contain of cast iron. 0" Another point of attraction was the huge stsv fru cto; scaffolding, probably the most extensive ever enlv l c i s t; l !; They are of the same character as that employ' ton e' new houses of parliament. The scaffolding of th e . l i r is very lofty, and the weight it has-to support tons. The framing round the Britannia Tower P A the vast height of nearly 250 feet. The entire se a is is capable of sustaining 2,000 tons.. Thero 570,000 cubic feet of timber and 20 tons of iron boil THE TUBES. , he iOt e ; The chief centre of attraction, however, was'-tbecs• rior and exterior of the novel and gigantic iubes;, - opr ) , floated on the pontoons, and the others as they aS the platforms, presenting the appearance of slur nt lF ‘ iron tunnels. As these were the lions of the ( 1 a);',063 one of the largest was safely floated to its fine' 80( place, much interest will attach to its description ;,iope., description of the one in question will be a descr i ll, them all. The length of the great tube is eX B C t e o feet, being 12 feet longer than the clear span bet' c rrhe towers, and the greatest span as yet attempted. i', o o'; ditional length is intended to afford a t e moorarY of six feet at each end, after they are raised into places, until there is time to form the connexion b e i t o tY A them across the towers. The greatest height ls a to"i centre, 33 feet, and diminishing towards the e n 0 , ", feet. Each tube consists of sides, top, and botte,inei formed of long, narrow, wrought-iron plates, o r ' 0 1) 1 ‘ length from 12 feet downward. The direction ie„eibl, these plat's are laid and rivetted together is gov e !" o f the direction of the strains on the different Par, t l ,'„ - a 1 ,9 tube. They are of the same manufacture 0 5 oh making boilers, varying in thickness from threer ' d Or to three-fourths of an inch. Some of them weigl i o and are among the largest it is possible to roll existing machinery.. In the side, the plates ar e i o nr e o eight feet long, and half an inch thick ; but th e ~o plates are in the bottom, being 12 feet long by the four inches wide, and are in doubl e l a y er s. A. t ‘ they are six feet in length, and one foot nine breadth. The connexion between top, bottom . O w es is made much more substantial by triangular ab vii thick plate, rivetted in across the corners, to en it ' r o t tube to resist the cross or twisti ng st ra i n to vibl e- 3 1e 5 .0 be exposed from the he av y an d long-continued Ft iii wind that, sweepin g up the Ch anne l, w ill assail lofty and unprotected position. be c °l3 ; The rivets, of which there are 2,000,000, each 01 01 taining 327,000, are more than an inch in diaraetero.t, 1 0 ,4 are placed in ro w s, and were p u t i n th e h o les red b ort ; beaten with h eav y h ammers . I n coo li ng , they eon ;bi strongly, and drew the plates together so power .i / 0,4 it required a force o f from four to six tons to eaeh,'„eir: cause the plates to sid e over eac h o th er . The tots' irl d of wrought iron i n th e t u b es i s 1,600 t on s. Th e to bo will pass through th em over th e s t ra it s a t 100 fe e " „ high water. , , p ee d Several thousand tickets had been issued to the tors. The ropes that towed it along on the P" would, if extended, cover a space of fifteen miles; befi t a quarter of a mile long were strung at the Pl e , r ,:atied along the straits, on which were suspended ever) le b• t , of flags. A special tier of seats on the AngleseY 0 1 ;4 been raised for the directors and their distinguis,,b e ,,tel ors. The total weight of the mass of iron D ° ' 3,0e4 tons. STATE OF TRADE. MANCHESTER.—AIthough a general quietness clis d i o r , ,cP the market on Tuesday last, there was yet much stew of tiog the prices for yarns, and a decided firmness in o°4 l o 0 goods as belong to the light and medium classes, NI - 1 01 10 os' l a; less than previous rates would be accepted for betty) . c tei rqe,' the week has advanced, a hardening tendency ill .0 0 1 001 been slightly felt. This is attributable partly to 8 ' O O . l O upward inclination in cotton, and partly to what il l yol!, ;0 0 , upon as a more hopeful appearance in continents affairs, especially as regards the Schleswig-Holstein 7 . It cannot be said that the spinners are a ble to excete e degree, the attainable prices of last week ; but, to sCtOX, they are found less easy to deal with. In the dept o e goods, we find that the makers of domestics, in sch..;alDi l relieved by recent sales, are now maint a i n i ng their itv a steadier hand, although not obtaining any advane 0, 0 ;10' for most kinds of long cloths an d T c l o th s , t h e re i! .4 5 1 . 1 4 4 4 quiry. For the very limited quan titi es o f li g ht prinnorty A and of madapollams, acconets, and 40 to 45-inch t. suitable for the east, which are to be found in the M s ' 5 10'0 5 1 is a free demand, at full prices ; but the stouter Cluns are flat, and the better I,rinters are in diminish , l ortOr hat 1 -or On the whole, the tone of our market has somewu-,,„tei - „ 4v, ; towards the close of the week; and; although w"""tio"Po' provement there may be, lies in feeling rather than 03 oof is more observable among sellers than buy er s, still, og tion seems to have been made to the pr ev i ou sly 0 1 'co d ness. ae-it e - r (i o LANCASHIRE.—The silk smallware trade at 3 , 1 11 , 0 4 00, 0 (1 6 „ the neighbouring towns is brisk,. and within the 18 oc!iter. the masters of three firms, one of them the largest t o lt„ tl , „` have advanced the wages of their operatives from t,e'l i cce,'ol per cent. There appears to be a better feeling u e rs ao! it ite`, masters and their work-peop:e inthe above-named b for many years past. The other masters have bf;,ae.,te, upon, and 'have promised to follow the same ex 3 .,ole'fl'', broad silk. fancy trade, in the same districts, isrof. ) lol 4 brisk, but coarse and common sorts of goods ar` o ona e s• silk trade-generally is increasing for ten miles r o tsc t oe, chester. The trade in the cotton mills, at the sail juts re te l ' in a precarious state, owing to the late advam'e tbsotje place in the raw material ; the hands, however, are 0; 1 4 employed, but masters make loud complaints. ~,a s ROCHDALE FLANNEL MARKET.—Our market u not attended this week ; several merchants who have rube fioo`; the market' for some weeks past, have attended. his F e' s coe t has been equally as good as is usually the case at t The the year. Goods hate been sold at low prices:_ in tie P. market has been much the same as our last, both it! and rices A . - s tric t :o l : Lal p ans.—The woollen trade of this town and ul oo nues tolerably brisk ; and there being little done oian ti r o tion, the trade may be considered healthful. T h e g oat rers are mainly employed on orders, and stocks % lc , o o f t light. The shipping houses are moderately, br ir toti home trade is rather slack, as is usual at this- De l year. • is ,0 11,1 BRADFORD.—WOOIS : The new clip, whir? 0 , as a . i0 t,.1 h e brought into the neighbouring' markets, is artioa,., cal" the business doing here, and the spinners buy " `;ted Ope indeed, even where a concession in price is subraL o , e supply is a full average, and as new wools come oly a riP, DO, ket, lower prices will then probably have to rule. to os? 0 ' 0 ! , /1 hand-and-mouth manner in which the shiPPltses. t oi c ii now for a long time been doing business, now in_ o re in s 4l , 4 . extended operations, and shipping numbers are T 0 1t, 1 9 0 . after, but there are no stocks anywhere to he „`j„. pie!;; o,V er , tends to keep prices firm and steady. Pieces re cio' o r . oo ket presents no new feature different from thft os y in this month. The manufacturers are genershA, far 8 „s 1 1 , 0 , with no stocks on hand. Prices are very, stea t t y lio g of plain goods. In fancy styles there is 1 1 , 6 , 0 04 0 03 e tempting for the autumn, and the feeling for t''' - othe r we ductions is more in favour of Cobourgs than anY fo r so. D ete ho f HALIFAX.—There was rather more inquiry . s ad ; "o$ scriptions of goods,in the Piece Hall on SaturclaY,l,oos7ooe,d we understand, somewhat snore doing in the war_,,,-0 _A tia the trade is far from being active, and there is 1104,114 in prices. The spinners continue to be well einr ;4o Du - T oo quotations hands,e yarnsa prices ar efu a " r y e stills sustained., - T changing HUDDERSFIELD.—There has been consider:lll'le c t iollt. °°(l6 Th e $ 0 0;' in the market this week, although but few g ..„r1 hands, owing to the scarcity of desirable goo.o in wools being now decided, nothing cheap ha O TIDE TABLE. DAYS. I MORN. EVENG.I HGHT. 11°1 June. h. m. h. m. ft. in. Tuesday. ... 26 , , 3 6 333 15. Wednesday.2V 4 1 431 13 8 Thursday 281 5 1 534 12 6 Friday ....29, 6 9 647 12 4 1 11 Saturday ..30 723 156 12 0 „ I , s ti ado Sunday, July 1 8'27 853 12 3 54011dity... . 2 916 938 13 0 I time. 444 minutes to ngtxe ocecillov" JUne 2 -_ _. tipAi York',Si'ittAbinr* nile P :I r •''AvED.- 1 Bar an,t, from ; Sutl ;'riasnod ri —l' ornna. and klta_l a dagl a _ tabel 1,1 i? „N.:n*llla, )4 0 n4 , Lop„ Ite r i -11 " l'.—C ry, Rue t he 4th m i n t v• t' JO 4 .nsta n ill L it : . Yi„ p.inAing el •4reln Hl g h fi j k a a r T'. g ! d D din~tant en, I Hap t~Eßahe a ss, for ] equi, Porf4 s, Itt ( )I:4°l', Suit hence P' ! e tterni r ei it Hutc ' i v • , and l lends S ca ,. c la ] ot .• 'may i; j (sere ItZt e Nnto Cove ° "a, wat ta t , eti erti o! 1., 04 3 1st Zl it h touted u " p7 o t t! „ 11 2 6ti l heti,