The Sun. — London, England, 1840-04-07 00:00:00

EVEN ING EDITION. NFlif k`',.l'2..ANl• VESSEL i —Experiments are n, the c , mrse of bein g tried with the model of an enti rel y new form o; st 'am vessel, and, as far as thee have yet gone, wit h (91 erY prosp ect of a s ucces,fol result. At present we can onl y state of this remarkable invention, that there are no paddle "heels, nor external works of any kind. The whole machinery is in he hold of the vessel, where a horizontal wheel is moved 0 Y the poser of ,teani, nntl, acting upon a current o f water, admatmi by th e b ow and, thrown oil' at the stern, propels the rn-ss at a. rapid rate. B e a very simple contrivanco of stop tneks. &e. on the apparatus, the tre Amer can be turned on either R c °,tirse, retard e d, stoope d, or h a ve her motion reversed . This ill Le literally a revolution in the art of steam navigation.- 11 (zwiishire Advertiser. =MP •••r SECO T\TID EDITIOY • SUN OFFICE , Seven o' Cock. THE ISLINGTON MURDER. 11-4TTON-GARDEN.—(THIS DAY.) COMMITTAL OF GOULD. The , examination of Richard Gould, alias Arthur ` . `„ 1 :" 18 orr. charged with the wilful inurd.e. of John Tem 'if."'" ", was this day renamed before Mr. Comb s, the eakistrat e . - The fir.,t witness examined was Thomas Bottin, who stati:d the between half after twelve and a quarter to one, ''''', 7, 4e sd 4 y 17th of March, he went into t he General h'''e public -house, in Little Gray's,-inn-lane, and found e reisoiter in the taF-room, smoking a short pipe. Pri -BGt et and wit less with another person , conversed for three-. tlizerters of an hour ; the conversation was about soldiering ''''''' .e rns. Prisoner went away before witness. Goo.ll.eas to The room about an hour and a half. Gould sat next a wi4 " l "'s A woman with a child in :ter arms ta pp ed at rile window where he was, and he then beckelmeo to her, Igi ll a she ',tame in and sat down at • a distance mom Gould. °thee went out before him. They never spoke to each r duri"tne the whole time. Di';. not see her have any ref resh ,,,. ,•. she Was ent. Gould. only remai:Jed a minute or two after as g )ne. D i d no t see h;nn pay for any drink. Gould said he, 'had notlan to ask him ; it wa s ri g ht eno ugh-..he we 4 there g Willi 'rn M - ..sh saw ;he prisoner at the Ge neral Wolfe, in Ltd ' in on (-:'. Grr , Vs.'<nn, between twelve and one on the d a y s n ,C h " ri t ' see • Witness had been in the Sp anish service, Hearcia-' some conversation with the prisoner on t he sub j ect. wo „ n 4orrebo3y tap at the window, but did not see ally p, - an ' 'unne in. Gould. went out when the t a p after, hei.rd at the window. Gould went out directly bef„ . ., Does not recollect that anybody came in tap *.- Gould went out. He went out when the t ur Pli 'g was heard at the window, and did not re coal%ar?•tcr, Witness has no rnolleetiou of any woman • emr ,,,,.itito the room at all. Did not see Gould pay for 12: 1 " 10 - The witness Bottin was in the room at the time. :h a d e b ery Wrighc, the potman at the Duchess of Kent wbo , cle b .. P en previously examined, repeated his former °ie.. - svi le ' n e ', en d stated in addition, that he- recollected that ex . ri , -- i ‘" )', d had come to him, as mentioned in his former - one -nat. 'on. Gould said, I should like to have a right After to st ind over him, as I could do it mys elf. Thi: %vas lam Gc old had told witness that he knew an old , eatie. who had got money, and who had It' .d ' 25 r . for a b e en' 4 ".• Gould said that the old gentleman had . thati flashing a fif t y pound in: .A ., , and he knew i n ( ,!.,.. had more, fur he h ad ' ,,Ken it in doors and put it Wa: n -- " r .r anti the old -; se ntlernan had said, that if that wore, °L It'net'ugh the . ..e was Snore. Witness repeated the the '• k ' a right, on e," and then it was the prisoner added Z:4'l2, or be could do it himself. I : e s ",eetej ques tions from Gould, the witne ss stated the • / expression, a right one, he considere d he meant fie t h. should like to have some one to assist him in the rob detJ that he understood he intended to commit. Witness - if ?'" to his reeollecrien had any conversation with pri -4 nee concerning robberc.s. Gould_tl - 3 irt -- ou never propose to me to go and get B(n ne meat u n d er Mae pretences, as a young m an at Hol )eny had done, and I r , fused? Witness —Not that I recollect. Gld—lt i s a pi t y but w hat you could recollect better. Joh ou n Ellis is in the service of Mr. Herbert, knew de ' erased well, saw his remains after death, on the 17th inst., and they were the remains of John Templeman. al r. CON IBE —N ow t h e c ase is closed against you, you son say anything if you wish. You are not bound to do cs, and what you say will be taken down. _, Gould —No, I shall say nothing here, 1 shall have plenty of tithe to prepare my defence, I thre say. Mr. CoMBE Th u • u stand committed to Ntragate. Tak e hi m away. —e The prisoner vas then removed by the officers. The exc itement er.. the'subjeet of the murder seems rather in creasedthan diminished, and the Curt was as crowded as On any foY.mer occasion T PIE LQNDON GAZETTE. 'THIS EVENING.) DECLARATION OF INSOLVENCY. RICHARD YOUNG, builder, Walworth. BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED. JOHN HARRISON CURTIS, bookseller, Soho-square, BANKRUPTS. JAMES KING, clothier, Eton, Bucks. JOHN GEORGE MEYER, wool-broker, Threadneedle street. WILLIAM 11IICHAEL ONIONS, ironfounder, West brorow i c }, Staffordshire. ' WILIIAM MOSEDALE, engine-manufacturer, Derby. WILLIAM WRIGHT, curn-merchant, Liverpool. JAMES BRADBURY, druggist, Birmingham. W IMAM MARKLAND, ironfounder, Bolton-le-Moors, La•ncatlire. FRANCIS GOADSBY, druggist, Salford. CHARLES JOHN WILKINSON, miller, Eye, Suffolk. 'WILLIAM - STONE and JAMES GIBSON, tailors, Bristol. ~ . EDWARD HERBERT BUTT, innkeeper, Cheltenham. JOHN .JO RDAN COULT ER and JOSEPH MAY, glass-cutters, Liverpool.strect, City, JOST AIIBRANDON, ~ ".,merchant. Jermyn-street. HENRY TYLER and WILLIAM TYLER, cement-ma nufacturers, Dudley-oat, Staffordshire. • JOH',.4 COX, silk Ahrowster, Nottingham. WITLLIAM JOHN, hackneyman, Bridgwater, Somerset , ellii-a. i 'THOMAS DIXON, flour-d Paler, Preston. THONI AS NIILNER, draper, Stockton-upon-Tees,Durham. FREDERICK WILLIAM FIDDIAN, architect, Bir mingham. THOMAS MANLEY, jun., patent nail-manufacturer, Atherton, Lancashire. ROBERT JORDAN, carpet-manufacturer, Barnard Castle ; Durham. WILLIAM HODGETTS, bookseller, Birmingham. COURSE Op EXCHANCE.-(THIS DAY.) d...%.,ll.sterdaiil. ..... .......C.k 1:2 1% (librz:t.: .............., ..... .••:. f: Unto, at sight Ftottillm ' , U 1 . ,..' 5 t.,e,ic , t . 0W...ft...w0e ••••,•• (..5 d .. Anctvtry,.. A li ,t rn! drg•• - .... 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'LITE 'it 17 9 4il4„a .:.. , 1 ? r C.:.) , .6:4 ....... , •' . ; , ati . ;Nz.iirekilut .....i......... 041. 4 "vire.... """!'.- ...... lr ISilry 'al - , (I 5( 4 .r... -r . . . LAWS i , . CORN . . - - -----.--- ; 'MEETING; OF , THE COMMON COUNCIL, (THIS DAY.)".` Mr. • 6CONCE STACEY then rose to bring forward . the motion of vi ta., ~__ _ set h e had given notice, viz. " That this Court do petition the Commons House of Parliament for a total repeal of the present t h ra e duated scale of duties on the importation of foreign Corn into t .„,_ Kingdom, and the establishment of a free trade in all ar ticles of .:°"." , He observed that it was unnecessary for him to ent er 7 any great length into the question, as the advocates of the re. Peal of the present system of Corn-laws had already made out Buell a _ease as must convince the most sceptical of the absolute necessity Of such a measure. He trusted that the Corporation ° t the City of London would come forward and pro *lnte that most important object It was painful to :reflect, that after a period of 25 years, during which it was the boast of England that she was able .0 redress and put an end to alt the evils that afflicted the rest of the world, by restoring peace, that she alone should be shut out from the benefits which it was calm. lated to confer. Notwithstanding that England had been for twenty-five years engaged in a most tremendous conflict, in which she had given peace to all the world, her population was now suffer ing the most unparalleled misery and distress. Of what value were all these exertions, and that lavish expenditure of blood and treasure, if it was to result in this, that the prosperity of the country was to centre in a small body of land . owners, instead of being diffused throughout the whole country? He would not take up their time by entering into any statistical details as to the fluctuaiions that had taken place in the price of eon , and the injury these laws lad inflicted upon the agricultural classes. Enough had been said and shown, not only at the various Public meetings that had been held, but in both Houses of Parlia ment, to establish the fact that a more fallacious system never had existed. It was notorious that under the present system the far_ flier never could reckon upon any decided course. He found him self const an tly su bj ec t e d to the most fluctuating, ruinous, and gam bling speculations. It had been said that the gentlemen to whom they ought to look for the greatest amount of intell;gence and in formation on the subject of trade and commerce were the most pro foundly ignorant of it. They had been told that their object in seeking the repeal of the Corn.laws was to bring down the wages of the artisans and labourers to the lowest sum that could support life. How little must the persons who argue thus be acquainted with the real working \ of the system. It was a fact that when corn W as cheapest wages were highest, and all who were acquainted with the subject must know that the price of labour did not depend upon the price of food, but upon the amount of the supply of labour in the market. Now, although the parties who Called themselves peculiarly the friend of the farmer and agricul tural labourer asserted that the object of the Corn-laws was to ptotect their interests, yet the result had shown that Under the present system the farmers of the country were ' Plu g fast to ruin. Even if the ports were entirely open, it ws s quite clear that they could not have corn introduced into the coun try at less than 4s per quarter freight. If there was no other thatbe. petit, the agricultural interest would enjoy a protectien to amount, which was equal to 15 millions per annum. Now did they find the agricultural labourers better protected and better paid hear) those of oth er coun tries by that amount ? —(Hear, hear, On the contrary, it was well known that the wages of the agri cultural labourer was seduced to the lowest amount in which he c , °°lo Possibly support life. It was again urged that if the Corn 'sws were repealed, a vast rum ' er of persons would b.: thrown out r'f empl oyment. He woul d as k, however, was there at presen t roo mfor a single agricultural labourer mote than at present ens r'°Yed, and whether the introduction of an additional body would Out cause a still further reduction of the miserable pittance the agricultural labourers at present enjoyed. _ ° °e of the lion. MEMBERS who spoke in favour of the Corn ,.',,, s in the House of Commons, had adverted to the aspirations of the poet ;_... ill fares the land to hastening ills a prey, Where wealth accumulates and then decay. Princes and Peers may flourish or may fade, A breath can make them, a breath has made. • Ma a bold peasantry, their country's pride, \.\."11, : n uocc destroyed, can never be supplied.—(Cheer l .) • t' • t all the utann , .a w:Ach they were crushing the agri: cott a' id•rser7idg the bold peasantry of the country? ' ha,/ g 01,6 on with the quotation : li,•re while the pious their long drawn pomp display, There the - black - gibbet•looms across the way,—(Cheers.) THE S N, LONDON . liri 1-4N.gr ANT A T‘ir, rittiL 7, 1840. Viet were the cc Imes that afflicted society? were they the crimes incidental to luxury ? No, they were the crimes committed b had y b th een e men who were struggling f ur existence.—(Cheers.) They I Id that agriculture was the true basis of the wealth and power of a nation—now, how was that evidenced ? Look to an nent history, and there they would see that Egypt which, from time im memorial had been a corn growing country, had been '' -eon get ages in poverty and distress from which it wet * , now recovering tleroue'e The talents and ;- s man who ..eeettgerite 'of 1 t reat geetrned her. 1 7 , 111 1.. Ylo t t i fb 6 'ttilaposed that England, with all her pOICer e*Asii\ig the arts, sciences, trade, r t u a- r .d manufactures, wesnkk hive been the proudest of,t h e P , and that her setcseehants would have been among ft+e g mat ollee of the eartaie but what was the case ? Living to the resent existing Corn.laws, which were !t pt up only for the pur pose of supporting a small bawls t'Ne trade and commerce of the country was crippled and PriS:ired. Some time since a great cuter?' had been raised agaisest Yailways, and gentlemen wet-veleta with alarm when it vets Intimated to them that rsiiWays were coming I near their peoperty ; butt at the present moment what was the case ? Why, those who were reetterly so much against them noVie saw that the nearer thee thought their fellow-creature's to them, the more they increesesed the value of their prere.'Y ? Years back, within three wales north, east, eeEtle, and west of where he was risen standing were *eels of corn,: but what was the case at present ? by the building and other things twat were upon the land, its Value was increased fifty fold.e-e-Ocers.) The Corn-law supporters, in his opinion, were like the boy who had the goose that laid the golden egge=e-l'acy were trsing to get everything, and would ultimately get nothing. The agriculturists complained of the taxee to which they were subjected, and they complained loudly or tithes. Now, he would venture to esty, that the agriculturists did not suffer so much from that AS many of the inhabitants Of that City,—(Cheers,) Thee takes affected the City of London, and large and populous places, far snore than it did the agricultural districts.—(Cheers.) He would not occupy the time ; of the Court by going into detail on the subject, as there were nth , rs present far more able than himself to do so. He was proud in having been the first to bring this motion under the attention of the Court, and he would leave it 10 Others to discuss it, who were far more able than himself. It had been said in what a lamentable situation would England be placed, were she to rely upon a foreign country for a supply of corn, and a war were to arise. Of all the empty fears he had ever heard expressed, that was the worst. Those who advanced such argument forgot that in the exact proportion as countries became interested in each others' commerce the more difficult was it for them suddenly to cut off all intercourse—a mutual dependenet on each other was created which rendered war impretticable. The Hon. Gentleman concluded by moving "That this Court do petition the Commons House of Parliament for a total repeal of the present graduated scale of duties on the importation of foreign corn into the kingdom, and the establishment of a free trade its all are tides of food."—(Hear, hear.) Mr. Leone' seconded the motion. He did not eXpett that there laws would be totally and immediately repeated, but he was con vinced that some legislation on the subject was necessary. and he trusted that that Court would do all it could to obtain the repeal of those obnoxious and iniquitous laws,—(Hear, hear.) In his opinion the happiness of the people, and the prosperity of the rietistn, as a commercial nation, depended on a full and edenrickellt supply of food belt .g furnished to the people, It had Well said that if those laws were repealed, poor land would be thrown out of cultivation. He thought the sooner nti‘:wasf vig It ,i oia t'skteeoewtnt out lof ttivtiuh cultivation ti the better, if for the 2o ct o the country have to v:J.; a high price flit tiiteigtl corn: Let the Court consider - eenat the effeet of the Corn-laws Was. They re:. stricted : .ntercourse between country and country. He was himself -... manufacturer, and knew a person *leo found that he &int pUr. chase the article which he liothltraetured on the continent and send it over here, And Sell It cheaper than he could afford to do, manufac. taring it himself. The reason was that labour in this country suf fered under dearness of bread, which had produeed poverty, discon. tent, and disloyalty. It had been found that the clemegogues, who profited ty agitating the lower classes, Were opposed to the repeal bf the Corn-laws, because they feared the result would be to prevent the discontent on which they worked, and knew that Cheap bread would produce satisfaction and content. Ile was quite convinced the time was now arrived Wheii the PdbielaWs cblild not be rfidln. tained in conjunction with the toin.laws How could out-door relief be denied to men whom the operation of the Corn laws prevented from obtaining employment, or prevented from obtaining for their wages the requisite amount of the neces saries of life.—(Hear, hear.) If the labonteee tbttld fief e. large? quantity of bread fbr their Willey, a very Moderate amount of wages would mak% to keep them in Comfort. It Was said by some that the repeal of the Corn lairs *Mild profits& great illsifbasi tiiid that the national debt wiitild detaiE be hquidated. 14e teotild ask in reply Whether the iiation could exist without commerce and manufactures? Was this nation, or could it be, an agriculture country? No. Our trade had in fact outgrown our agriculture I The present Corn-laws were, he was convinced, prejudicial to land: and the sooner they were abollaliM tile better for all interests, He cordially secenuaert 'he Motion. Mr, Ilebi , ette mid he rose to oppose the motion, not that he doubted the injustice and the impolicy of the Corn-laws —not that he doubted their ill effects upon all orders of steiety.—(Rear, hear.) Why then, it would i!etttl;eil, should he oppose the proposition for a petition. 9tritilit the Corn.laws? Because he was thoroughly eon. Villeed that it was utterly futile—that it wee positively inane, to pe tition the House of Commons in its present constitution.—(Hear , hear.) After some weeks that Honse had been engaged in a course of inteferente With the la* and the Judges of the land—Arter, with petty tyranny, incarcerating the officers of the law—after im. prisening a stripling for acting in obedience to his father's orders — the House had received with derisive cheering a proceeding by which the question of the Corn-laws, so awful in its importance — was got - rid of without placing on record the names of those who voted for and sgaintt the rejiell.—(Cries of " Hear, hear.) He should therefore venture to move an amendment to the effect, that that Court was duly sensib le o f the many and great mischief arising from the impolitic and unjust restrictions on the trade in C e rn, but nevertheless a'nitainad from petitioning the House of C o mmons from a conviction that it was useless to petition thhe e House , o f Commons as et preseht eenstittited f , for a remedy for t evils under Which the people were sabring, i such remedy sit uld be deemed, to sacrifice any portion of the interests of the landed classes of the community. It was his conviction there was nothing in that amendment but was strictly true. He had felt it his duty to propose it ; but if the Court should differ from him in opinion, and believed that any benefit, however small, would arise from the adoption of the petition be was willing to vote for it ; but he could not withhold allowing the Court an opportunity of putting on record their opinions on the subject.—(Hear.) Mr. ANDERTON had great pleasure in seconding th e the amend. ment, believing that the House of Commons never wanted Reform more than at the present moment. He was very glad his friend Nut had the boldness to propose this resolution, and behoved that if it were carried it would tend more to effect a further Reform in that House than any question that had ever before been die. cussed in that Court. It was imyossible to look at the proceedings of tt e House of Commons without seeing a Reform. in that House was necessary, and the Reform he would effect would be to return those gentlemen for three years instead of seven.—(Seve red cries of one year only.)—for he believed that triennial Parliaments were the only means of saving the country.—(Hear, hear.) He would not take up the time of the Court in discussing this question, because he confeised he hardly understood it.—(Laughter)—but in that respect he did 'not much differ from the House of Commons—(Hear, hear) fir after three nights' discussion they had shirked the question, and had not ventured to come to a resolution upon it, but had left the thing just as they found it, and he hoped that Court would do the name.—( Hear, hear.) Mr. SrevEasmueh regretted the introluction of the amendment. ' He was ready to admit great reform was necessary in the House of Commons as now constituted, but he thought the Corporation of London should not refrain from going into a question because a reform was necessary in the House of Commons, a thing which they must know would be very distant. He should be inclined to sup port the amendment on some other occasion, because it contained a truism—that the Reform 8.11 had not done eoerything that was ne cessary for the country—(Hear, hear.) —but when a question like that was before the Court, was it to be thrown aside by an amend ment of that description ? If so he thought it would be better for them never to take up political questions. It was quite true this matter had been disposed of in the House by a ruse, amid roars of laughter, but that was only occasioned, as a similar scene a short time since in that Court, by one party thinking they had obtained a victory and the other that they were tricked. But he felt it pos. sible, the measure being to be brought forward again that Session, they might obtain yet an alteration of these laws, which were so injurious to the commerce of the country and so beneficial to pauperism. He was not, however, in favour of the motion as it now stood, and when the amendment had been got rid of, he shinildmoYe another, for he-was not its favour at _present of a total repeal=-(Hear)--but of a moderate fixed duty as a step td entire :epeal.--(Hear, hear.), The commerce of this country !lust be considered to be in an artificial state. Many had em barked large, capitals in the growth of corn, and they must not by a sUelden and total repeal be shaketito the foundation, but a moderate • fiked duty neustbe first 'obtatned, - that persons in that line of busi l+siniight.have an "opportunity of righting themselves. As re. garded the trade in corn it appeared that article, which had always been the subject of nibbling interference by the Legislature of the country, but not for the benefit of the farmer, the labourer, or the manufacturer, but to keep up high rents that the landowners might support themselves in luxury. At one period in the last century a bounty was given for the exportation of corn to the amount of a million and a-half, for the benefit of the agriculturist, because more corn was grown than could be consumed. After that period there was a duty of 6d. on importation, and when corn was at 445. the bounty on exportation ceased, and the fixed duty came into force. The object of landowners was to increase the price of a commodity which was one of the recessaries of life, merely because the number of these customers had increased, and the quantity of land culti vated remained the same. Why such a monopoly was neither more nor less than if 100 men were ordered to subsist upon the sense quantity of land which could only give food to CO. It was said that the repeal of these laws would lower the price of bread, and consequently the price of wages. He believed that was a com plete fallacy. The result would be to give some employment to the manufacturing operative, who would consequently have more money to lay out in food, and in that way even the corn-grower would be benefited. The manufacturing interest had outstripped the agricultural, and was now the leading interest in that country, —(Cries of " No, no ") Gentlemen might say no, but destroy the manufacturing interest, and where would the agricultural interest be. It was well known that while the manufacturing interest had grown up the agricultural interest bad gone down. Could they find any where a more stupid, indifferent, ignorant set of men than than those who cultivated the ground?—(No, no.) Who was it joined the ranks of the impostor Thom at Canterbury ?—(Hear.) Who were the great bulk of the rioters at Newport ?—(Cries of " No, no ; they were workers and miners.") He had endeavoured, when out of town, to get into conversation with the agricultural la bourers, and he rarely found them acquainted with any thing fur. Cher than knowing how to drive their spades into the earth. It was true that these men should be placed in a better situation.—(Hear.) It was argued that certain lands would be thrown out of cultivation if the Corn-laws were repealed. If they were not able to pay the expenses of cultivation they ought tobe thrown out. Would any one say that steam-boats should be prohibited by Act of Parliament from going faster than sailing boats least they might throw the latter out of employment. Such a regulation would be equally pouchpreste rous with that of endeavouring to make common land pay s as the best land. He trusted the amendment which had been pro posed wouldbe negatived by a large majority. Mr. BOWER regretted that the amendment had been drawn up in the terms which had been submitted to the Hall. If that amendment had been proposed it was his intention to have met the question distinctly by moving the previous question, because he differed from the motion in tom. It appeared to him the Corn law agitation had been set on foot by some men of large capital for the promotion of their own interests, had banded together, and had resorted to the most unjustifiable means—unjust in them eelees, and unfair towards their opponents. They had sent about men who were paid for preaching their doctrines, and it was really a serious thing that the Corporation of London should join them_ selves with men whose object, he believed, was to inflict a serious evil upon the interests of the country. It was sid that only a small band were defending the agricultural interests. Who were alluded to, he did riot know.—(A cry of " the landowners.") His opinions was, that every man who tilled the ground had the bread of his labour—that universal England, except a few overgrown and enormously wealthy men, who had procured that weelth from the sinews of the labourers (he meant the manufacturers), were all in favour of the agricultural interest.—(Hear, hear) These manufacturers had built mills, and called up a popula. 'ion around them, which, but for them, would never have had existence, and now when the trade, which a long war had thrown into their hands had ceased—when other nations began to mantle facture for themselves, they got up the present agitation against the Corn.laws. The competition abroad had interfered materially with the profits of that class. He maintained that it was the working man in the manufactories, that was maintained on the smallest pittance.—(Hear, hear.) What was the object of the manufacturer in agitating this question—was it to give their labourers more food? No, but it was to see with how small a quantity they would be satisfied, and then to decrease their wages, in order to enable the manufacturers to compete watts the manufacturers abroad,—;Cries of " No, no.") The Worthy. Deputy ern 'Now h h e e ag b ri e c l u i e l vt ecal tlhaabtouthreerys w e r e told them stupid, ellYopposite it poo r,anhdad td h Ignorant n-ather stupid, poor, nor ignorant, compared with the other • of sr ciety : but this he should believe, that tuous. Let those who doubted • • - .—(alear. hear ...... e -were far mare air • bath `• Cotter' . . travels:" tire .apes; 7n Die v:O:Nd it) 1 1 • , • e _urns [lac ale; e a rarassa y. ,, lf f h i t > r 't n "„, - •••! • 1 ' • his ,own a C ae r i c i Z t se r t f i a itt r o z ecl: : : r,bin 'wt;at he, 8.: I , or Blanchester — • I'44 who t" 441' ined i:ahlt'hj'ai‘u:rin'e vir tuous thanthe o aiiracolteral, it. v.) ‘..e.ey tind the mass of the people they did oriel it be worshipping God, or B p;ambulat ourcravee s ion t h fields a s Sundae-, water° s shops, or in congregations met for p p o o l r i t t i i . e n al s zdmiring his works, or would it be in the public hous g o the beer purposes.—(Hear, They had been told that certain h. d b_r f ought landr thrown oet ef teltiVation. aeo\i e V) ought to lie thrown elealft • ; titit he Was of I,i h ' v t ailT 'diger into o hat c cultivation ent opinion now ; for ek lewaoothdaotro7s7 considered of opinion I t ,o a r t they ought not in any way to do away with the Corn.law t s h . ,,t titn which Ina laaah considered had x r been ieso i f n o h existence,,ot,our-nhotaing, but which now tr ii enteertve fare they add .l kf d. t u li ' e it' r: had been less s4fluctuations during their existenet ti; the necessarlet of life in les this h c a o d un7ry rk t e l d ian 'el i l n . Ferrate. He was of opinion that if the lawin a 'eery short time a great portion of the arable lanwdaoricrgentigeia,,len.di, would be thrown ous of cultivation, and he theralbretrusted Court world not throw its weight Illto the scale of a Ir, TteoVeta exist.a sthose shied t o h w a , t they hc whoaudl would a e k n w toldh what wase l e toeeli that that who were in favour of a repent of the Imes, by adopting the petition, w alone — t they the Cot n. laws had worked well, and that therefore they o ught to be allowed were to let alone. There had been a dispute in the newspapers anel in the Houses of Parliament at to the amount of wages t 1 agricul tural laboe ter had to Hat on: The dispute was bet Ween what hat the maximum;; and Minheutn. Was it Bet Ween as, and 0 0, ? C tainly not, fat the Pqkt of Buckingham, who had . denied that hod stated that he wondered the a g ricultural labourers should c he mo except plain of having 9s. a week, ha d admitted that the maximum was 101.—(Chrers.) That was ju st the p altr y p ittance of Is. a week mote. wasa I . 1 - . o B c rt o o u se r . t. BROWN o t b h j e e r c e t e beingd to no the H eAti Alderman e t3 rn e l t a l t n l e Mp present e nthe as there going on, Lord Mayer, At, TAVLOrt thought that it' the Court was gdod while Mr. Bowen spoke; it Wits equally co while he was speaking' Ile had talked a great deal of leaving well alone, and he hoped, therefore, he 'e•outil leave the Court alone. —(Lau g hter.) Was 10s. a week, he would ask, enough for a man to live on and keep a family ? He thought common sense and common justice would say it was not. It was the wish of the landlords to maintain the present Corn law, end net the wish any more than it was the interest of the agriteltural labourers. Let them Compare things now with what they were forty years age. The same land that produced 40s. or 50th an ;tete ; their produced only 10s. an acre; and thus the in tense of the landlord was quadrupled, while the laaourers's wages were less than they were, although he hail to pay twice as much fc r his btearl(tiear.) He Wondered that gentlemen should in the City of London, and before so many connected with the manu facturing interests, endeavour to maintain the fallacy that if feed was cheaper, wages would be lower. That had been tested by ex perience, and it had beeti Shown that Wages did not fall with the price of food. lie knew the wages of journeymen printers were not reduced wheis Weed was cheaper. (Hear.) He, therefore, meiutained that there was no conspiracy among the mester menu. faeturert to create agliatien ih the Coin_laws for unworthy pur poses, and in order to cheat the people. A gentleman who had spoken stated that he could not understand the question, and that the House of Commons did not understand it. None were cc blind as these that would not see, and the majority of the House of Commons had tin interest in stafaing the poor.--(Cries of " No, no," and " Hear, hear.") The majority of the House of Com mons were landlords, whose rents, as he had stated, had been rising, while the means of the poor to maintain themselves had been reduced.—(Hear, hear.) It was in vain to expect justice ftom the Bosse of Common.) and although he agreed, that the Chartists had been very foolish in the means they emp:oyed for obtaining a redress of their grievances. yet thilc o j , ct was quite right, and it wet useless to araition that House for an alteration of the. Corn-laws, until it represented the peOple, ht present the House of Commons only exercised its powers for the purpose of reltrbery and oppression. — ( "Oh, oh," and " Hear, hear.") The conduct Of the lionse of Commons had been so well described by a Manchester Aidernian that rot tile information and enlightenment of shat Court he would take the liberty of reading it. [The Hon. Gentleman read Mr: Mre Aldetrnati Cobden's speech at the meeting of the as Dole dates: laAt faittirdaa, its re p orted in " The Sun.") He w ton winced there was a deep feeling intone the lower classes, teat to detition the House of Commons was ridiculous, end the higher classes entertained the feeling that the Corn-laws would only be carried by a pressure from without. That purpose could only be detained by a great union of all glasses of the community except thasa tato tetre interested in the scandalous monopoly It was uch a union that ptdeutea. the passing of the Reform Bill The Reform Bill was produced by " pressure from without." He had no difficulty in accounting for the alienation of the working Classes from the House of Commons —they had found the Regh form ts, Bill a deliall ote Englishmen felt that the y had p ol.tical ri that they Were entitled to a full representation in Parliament. — (Hear.) The greatest lawyers had laid it down that the political franchise was the common law right of the people, and Judges had so held. It was the House of Commons themselves who had nar rolaed their call foundations. Parliaments were in former times, and according to the andent Constitution of the countrya, t annual. con - (Cry of " The Corn - la ws.") He WAS speaking of wh he s dered the causes of the maintenance of the dear bread laws. The " Mee ning Chron icle" had stated that " all that were in Government and Legislation they were through the House of Com Mons." neaven help the people then I—(A laugh.) But the people had a much broader foundation —they rested on the mouu ments of their ancient Constitution, Which had been handed down f ro m their forefathers. The fact was the House of Commons, as at presen t constituted, made up their minds ecr. keep up r ents at all hatatds, let the 'manufactures and the commerce of the nation. perish as they might. -The Poor-law he considered an admirable measure in itself—(No, no, and hear, hear)—but he was persuaded it could not be carried into effect-under the present Corn law. He concurred in the • prineiPles laid down by the supporters of the amendment, but as a petition to the House of Commons was the us ual form —(A laugh) —of expressing the opinions o ar f .) a public body, he should supp ort the original motion.—(blear, he Mr. LAWRENCE said he thought the last speaker had risen to speak about the Core-laws—(A laugh)—but he had wandered into a great variety of other topics, which really had nothing to do with that subject, and unreasonably protracted the discussion.—[,Hear.) He felt that the House of Commons was the only body to as whi they were dealt with. This question of the Corn-laws was one between landowner and manufacturer, not between farme eal r of and menu. f ac t u rer. It was a fallacy to suppose that the rep the Corn -1 aws would lower wages. The rate of .N‘ ages depended not on hear, the Price of wheat, but the demand for labour.—(llear, h ear.) In 1810, when bread was higher than now, wages wer e lower ; in 1811, when bread was lower, wages r to a greater extent than bread had fallen.—(Hear.) The labourers were among the best customers for manufactures, and it must strongly influence manufactures, when the labourers had not enough of wa ges as compared with the p r ice of bread, to exp end on other articles.—(Hear.). He was not, h ow ever, for leaving corn entirely free, and thus putting corn on a different footing from all w otheicom. mod i t i e s. He thought a small fixed duty of (is. or 7s.would be a sufficient protection; added to the expense ef transit from t Nhe two na. foreign coun try, which would raise it to 15s. or 16s. a qu. Commerce must aiter. o t i ons could go on pay in g money for any art icle be carried on by exchange of the produce of countries. Another objection made to the Corn-laws was, tha they had occasioned be a d ra in of the bulli on of the Bank of England; that would always the case when a sudden demand was made without preparation, and therefore the argument went for little, but as regarded the pctitipn teei - e were no grounds for hoping for any success attending it, and this was not unnatural. He believed if that Court were great landed pro prietors they would refrain from repealing rom those ithout, t laws as long herefore as they could, until there c ame a pressure f w they must not only sho w the y had justice on their side, but vigour to act accordingly. It had been well said wonder was but at the great wages paid to the agricultural labourers, but no more than I 2s. was paid any where, and the majority were paid less than that. The agricultural labourer must provide for his family as well as the manufacturing labourer, and, no doubt, suffered as much frpm the high price of b read. One great reason urged by the House of Commons for not attending to petitions was that they were carried but by a; small majority , and, therefore, on this occasion, they should avoid affording them a similar excuse. No doubt a great many unjust acts had been done by the House of Commons, but that was no reason why they should not petition them, for they-had made many laws of Which-he waSiure. his friend much approved ; and bad as they were now, they were ranch better than his ftiend could re collect them id have been. Great 'improvement had been made them by the preisuie_ from without;' he' should therefor support the amendment foe a moderate fix ed •duty,—(Heara) Mr. \Neat...4 did npt un derstand the Whole: of the motion of , his Hon. Friend, especially' that Part Of 'it 'Which related te free trade in food. He had not condescended to tell them what fo p od ,he meant — w h e ther bullocks, or gingerbread, or what, t appeared to him unimportant whether tl e petition was carried or not. The Court of Common Council were now so odious that no good could result from their petitions. If he thought the poorer classes were adverseaies of the Corn.laws. The motion should have his support, but the honourable mover and seconder reminded him of the com of strolling players, who advertised to perform the tragedy of "Hamlet," bat found themselves obliged to omit the part of the Prince of Denmark. What was the real question—the real cause of the national distress? It was theade na tional debt which made the bread of the country so high Why did not , and m them unable to compete with fare i gn countries. gentlemen come forward and tackle that monster, for while it re mained it was impossible to remove distress as it would be to remove St. Paul's. In fact, the Corporation themselves were taxers of bread. Did they not derive a revenue from corn? They were as much taxers of corn as the other House at the other end of the t ow n. What had taken place during the last Iwo years. Why, the countries to whom we wanted to send our manufactures would not take them. The Prussian League was carrying out the prin. ciples of Bonaparte's policy for the ruin of this country. Now, if tire Corn-laws were repeated, could they compete with foreign coun tries with 20 millions of taxes pressing on th e country. It was quithad e i mp ossible. He thought a gre at many unfair observations been made respecting the character and conduct of the landowners. He regretted to hear the terms in which the stows,ariy of the country had been spoken of in that Court. Why, owing to their aristocracy that arts and sciences were encouraged, talent brought forward, and charity and morality fostered and encour aged. When she saw their old mansions, their splendid parks, their old servants, and their unbounded hospitality, which he had had the honour of enjoying, although it must be that those who h ad them never had the honour—(Roars of laughter)—he re gretted that such men should be held up to scorn in that Cote t. It was urged that the manufacturing interest was everything, and the landed interest nothing; but if so, why, instead of petitioning the House of Commons, did they not takepossession of these estates at once, and let the land ed interest go where it could.—(A laugh.) The value of the agricultural interest in all its branches was 250,000,000/. He would ask them, was that nothing ?—(Hear, hear.) It was said that the agricultural labourers were a low, stupid, ignorant set; those whom Isis Honourable Fri end d h ad come into contac t with might be such, but )Mr. Wells) had met with were a moral, religious, industrious, happy' class. When the amendment was disposed of it was his intention to move the previous question, ru b et convinced that if they repea led the Corn-laws they would the agricul turalist without doing any good to the manu f a cturing interests. B. Norms sapd the effect of the Corn.laws had been to introduce corn from no less than twenty different countries into their ports, but with the system of restrictions whi h there laws imposed, their merchants and traders were not disposed to speculate in corn, and the bonding system which had grown out of t he washese regulations had b roug ht them to th e very verge of ruin. astonished to hear one gentleman say, that since the introduction of the present system there had been less fluctuation in prices the han formeestablish rly. Now the fact was th at in the fifteen yearsreced ping meat of these Corn-laws the mean average fluctuation had not exceeded as. 10d. per quarter, while the fifteen years that had elapsed since their introduction, the mean average fluctuation had been not less than 50s. 10d.—(Hear.) How then could the argument be set up that these laws produced sieady supplies and fixity of price. ,?; ith regard to steadiness of supply in nets year, they had two million seven or eight • undred thousand quars of wheat imported, and in tee succeeding year not one-?ixth of that quantity. They hoe, of course, in addition to the unsteadiness of supdly, an extraordinary fluctuation in price—the money market was deranged—their commerce was interrupted—mercantile spe culations were suspended with all the other inconvenember ien tocers of such clumsy and improper machinery. The Hon. M BiLi gate had said that if the prey :t laws were to be repealed it would have the effect of reducing the price of labour, especially in the agri. cultutal districts. Now, what was the fact ? In the year 1834 when the iron hand of oppression ground eown the agriculture labourers, e a usine them to rise up and break the mach I2sinery of their employers ; when they did that, they goe tl Is. ' corn went a downh ' for wages. In , the next year , when the piice ofthe agriculturists reduced the wages of their labourers from 12s. to Os. In the next year wheat rose to 565., but there was no advance thein the price of agricultural labour. Corn had gone up - . prelant year, but instead of there treinga.ememertsurV ad/ance,lta. the priti, Ilabpur;upptitlje 1).4,5.3 . 14 by 1.4 e farmers In igh "gFS:;!ViTti Irfea'CLl to ti ]le cf a week,. I „bet t: - .eo,becaree of the argtmient; that the agricultriral lab?uter wes, b.:.tter cs' when .there was dear than when there was cheap, II bread ?. And in. aiswer to ttre : argument, that Ihe.agticulttite l, 14.}a:wcer wp.rl(l 79fr7, r,OrorioiSion; ,thle home-gre,v,T colisrpt ' lieu, haa onl' to sari s, that at the iYekiit lime the averag e amodra hi wages paid to he agricultural labourer was not as much as it costs many parishes in London to support their paupers, and the expense of keeping felons in the gaols.—(Cheers.) What therefore became of the argument that this was a hoalthy system, and ought to be let alone?—(Cheers.) Mr. Bower should have re collected when he ( quoted the .lopautituliescription of domestic hap ttinesK itiven by erne that It teas 'draft it a time end in a Country a here no such laws existed.—(Cheers:) He Contended that the existence of the present Corn laws was to be attributed to the de fective state of the Reform Bill, that defect being in a great mea sure attributable to the Duke of Buckingham, then lilarquis of Chandok Hie irrolild benthre tO say that, under the present law, the flucttlat:ons in the :price of corn were grater than they had ever been under the old system. He should give his cordial sup port to the originei motion, Mr. MAITLAND observed that the Hon. Gentleman whc had last sat down bad referred to the state of the country at the time Burns wrote his " Cotter's Saturday Night." That Hon. Member would find that the valie of cotton manufacturing annually :.t that period did not amount to much more than 500,0001., while our manufac tunes hail made the most extraordinary, unprecedented and, he might almost say, unnatural rapid progress as to amount, in annual value 37,000,000/. Our progress in manufacturiug in cotton goods had gone on stele by side with those very Corn laws that were now so bitterly and suddenly eondeMned.—(Hear, hear, hear.) He would not agree that it would be politic to impose on Foreign Corn such a restrictive duty is to give the home farmer an undue ad vantage over the foreign agriculturist, but he contended that the national debt to w.irah reference had been made in the course of this debate required them to put the foreign farmer on somewhat the same footing as .he home farmer, and that they should not permit the foreign farmer to ei.ter our ports, to enjoy the high prices of our count' y, to sell his corn, perhaps, to the English agriculturist, when he was not contributing towards the payment of the interest in the enormous national debt.-Hear, hear.) If they abandoned altogether every species of restrictive duty in foreign corn, they w ;al act most grievously against the first principles of political economy and would err against the first hrinciples of free trade. The statistical details of this question had been amply discussed, and it had, indeed, ben , . sai I in another place, "give me figure s, and I will p rove an y thin g." — (H ear, hear, hear.) He should not therfore have recourse to figures, but would simply ob. serv e that Sir Robert Peel had proved by cer tain figures tho c onvey: e of the proposition of these who had ad vanced them, and have shown that in the mauufactin e of highly-wrought fabrics there had been an annual increase of eight per cent. He would call upon that Court, and upon every well-wisher to his coun try, to disassociate himself entirely from that party who, in agitating for a repeal of the Corn-laws, had invoked the aid of the Chartists. If the Legislature were to sweep away everything like a fair and proper protective duty, either by means of a fluctuating scale or a fixed impost on foreign corn, they would entail ruin on the agricul tural interests of this country. A great deal had been said about the affluence of the landlords and the enormous rents wnich they received, but any one at all acquainted with land knew that it was the very worst investment an individual could embark his capital in. What would be the result, if men of stern purpose were to arise, and attempt to carry into operation the violent principles of coercing the Legislature, asserted by the opponents of the Corm laws ? It was a fallacy to call this a poor mans question. It was incor rect to say that the man who paid 9-10ths of his income for bread, was more interested in the question than lie who paid only 2-3rds or one-half. So large was the dead weight of labour on the land of the lower grades, that the simulus arising from an extension of manufactures through the repeal of the Corn-laws, would be but temporary—land would be thrown out of cultivation. It wa absurd to say that capital employed in cultivating the poorer lands was thrown away, for lime and other manures would speedily con vert the poorest lands into tho richest.—(Hear, hear, hear.) No country could be said to be truly rich till a considerable portion of its capital was invested in thus improuing and cultivating land. And who could be insensib'e to the vast difference in the respective tendencies of the labonr in agriculture and in warm fac tories? Who would not acknowledge, when he lookdd upon the miserable, sickly, feeble artisan, engaged in the emaciating toil of crowded factories. that far happier was the lot of the pale, hearty, agricultural labourer, employed in the healthy, pleasing task of till. ing the land, amidst all the beauties and the attractions of nature. M. PEWTRIS said the agricultural and manufacturing interests only had been spoken of. He thought there was another large portion of the community whose interests ought to be regarded. He was reminded sf it by the petition of the innabitants of the City of London, signed by 37,000 persons, whose intererts he thought the Court should take into consideration. When they considered the population of the country was in. creasing at a ratio of one thousand per day, he theught something should be done to secure sustenance for this larger increase of population. If it were found the manufac tures of the country could not be extended further, and that the supply of provisions had also attained its maximum, it was evident the Legislature ought to adopt some measure with regard to this im portant question. He looked at it as one which affected the whole population of the country, and if it were necessary increased employment should be given to the people in order that they might obtain the support they ought to receive, this could be done in no other way than by making some regula tion with respect to the Corn-laws. He thought a beneficial altera tion tnight be made which, without injuring the agrieulturists, and benefit the manufacturers. The present fluctuation of duty ope - ra ted to prevent that fall benefit being received by their Commercial transactions with other countries, which they would otherwise enjoy. Some said why not import corn from Canada ? Be cause it was impossible to ascertain what price would be obtained in this country; but if they kept the price of corn moderate, in which the alteration would not exceed 10 or 15 per cent., they could send their manufactures to obtain corn to the benefit alike of the manufactures and the population. of the country. What he contended was that the Cerra.laves ope rated without advantage to the manufacturer or agriculturist. - No great interest could be injured without every other class of the corn. munity suffering in constquence. He should, therefore, regret the adoption of any measure which would at all injure the agricultural in. terest. What he wished was, some plan by which no interest would be injured, but the community greatly benefitte d, which he was per. suaded was possible. Another class greatly Afrcted by the high price of bread was the small fundholders. He should therefore seriously snpport an application to Parliament. Mr. GALLOWAY thought they should discuss this importaat ques. Lion before a larger assembly, and wished -an adjournment.—(No, no.) He wished a total repeal, but thought at present the safest plan was to obtain a moderate fixed duty. It had been said this was not a poor man's question; he should like to know who were so much interested in it as the poor ? All classes were deeply interested in it, hut the poor of all classes especially. Everything was regulated by supply and demand, and was a com plete fallacy to propose that the price of corn h ad any effect wha ever in the price of labour. If these laws were not repealed, he was firmly convinced that the best interests of the cotmiry would suffer. He believed that there was a difference of at least 60 per cent. in the price of food in this country and on the continent. The exclusive advantages which England enjoyed from her ma chinery was here no longer, and foreign competilion had enormously increased within the last few years, by which the manufacturing superiority of England was almost annihilated. He thought the question was particularly and especially a poor man's question, and it was on these grounds that It had his best su;poet —(' . Quest ion. ") Mr. STAGY replied. He repeated what had been asserted, that a more ignorant miserable set of men than the agriculture) la bourers did not exist. How could they upon 9s—how could they, even upon the:r own maximum of 12s. a week, educate themselves or their families? In fact the wages they at present received were given them more as a charitable pittance, than as the reward which they were entitled to receive for their labour. The national debt had been eferred to by several gentlemen, but roe one of them had pointed out the most remote connection between the Corn-laws and the national debt.—(Hear, hear.) Aftor some further obser. stations, Mr. Stacy concluded by saying that he could not consent to any alteration in the terms of his motion. The question was then put, and the amendment was negatived by a large majority. Mr. STEVENS then moved as an amendment, to introduce instead of the words " a free trade," the words" a moderate fixed duty." Alter a short discussion, the amendment was carried by a large majsrity. An attempt was then made to move the od)aurnment of the Court, which was negatived. The motion for the petition In , the amended terms .wes .then agreed to, atutthe Court ad)ourned; , . , MPERIAL PARLIAMENT. (THIS EVENING.) HOUSE OF LORDS. Their Lordships met at the usual hour. Petitions against the repeal of the Corn-laws, from various places in Ergland and Scotland, were presented by Lord Lovelace, the Earl of Winchilsea, and the Earl of Aberdeen. The Marquis of WESTMINSTER presented several petitions from the West Riding of Yorkshire in, favour of an alteration in the Corn-laws. IRISH CORPORATION REFORM. The Marquis of LONDONDERRY presented a pe tition from the Corporation of Londonderry against the Irish Corporation Reform Bill. This pe tition was sealed with the seal of the Corpo ration, so that although the petition which be had presented on a former night were only the petition of the Mayor and Sheriffs in their own individual character, h's Noble Friend oppisite was deceived by his Radical friends when he was told that the corporation of London darry were in favour of the Bill. Tbo Earl of WIN C HIL SE A presented a similar peti tion from the corporation of Dublin. After the presentation of several petitions, The Bithop of EXETER rose, and was (LEFT SPEAKING.) HO USE OF COMMONS. Tho SPEAKER took the Chair at five minutes before Four o'clock. M Mr. BAILEY, the new em ber for Inver ness , was in troduced by Captain Gordon and Mr. Mi Kenzie, and took the oaths at :I .e table. A clerk from the omen o f the Poor-law Commissioners brought up certain returns. On the m otion of Sir GEORGE STRICKLAND, the Braekston Ash Court of Requests Bill was real a third time and passed. STON, th e On the motio n of Mr. AL Bedford, Wo oad Bill wa s rea d a secon d burn, and Leigh ton Bussard R time. ENISTOUN, the Calton On the ma tion of Mr. D of Glasgow Police Bill was read a third time and passed. On the m otion of Mr. BERNAL, the Stroud Church Bill was read a second time. On the motion of Mr. HANDLEY, the Farmer's and General Fire and Life Assurance Company Bill was read a second time. Mr. :11'K ENZIE moved that Mr. Houston be added to the Committee on the Clyde Navigation Bill ; the omis sion of his name, in the first instance, having been caused by his accidentally late arrival on the occasion when the Committee ‘‘as nominated. Mr. GREENE opposed the application as inconsistent with the due observance of the Standing Orders. Sir G. GREY coincided with the objection. Mr. MACKENZIE contended that it was quite con sistent with the Standing Orders that the House should add a new name to a Committee after its original nomina tion. The Bill affected the interests of Mr. Hous ton's constituents to a very considerable extent, and his local knowledge would be of infinite assistance to the Committee in examining the details of the Bill. Mr. CAMPBELL (of Argyleshire) opp ose d the me _ tion. If the plea of the Hon. Member's constituents, being interested in the Bill, was admitted in favour of the departure from the Standing Orders, the same plea might be alleged in favour of nominating upon the Committee any other Member for any part of Scotland or Ireland, or even of England, as all were interested in the navigation of the Clyde.—( Hear.) Mr. ESTCOURT and Lord G. SOMERSET also opposed the motion, which was ultimately negatived. EDINBURGH AND OLA F,POW RAILWAY Li,. 'the AIToIIN,V Y-GENERAL rose " to caii tiie attention of the House, to the petition (presented 6th Aprid for leave to bring :no )\iil for ,the Edinburgh and Qla.sgow 'a he on. and iscs's4‘j"4 flensleman precee4ed . tootsteithe circumstances under which he ‘kai forward his mot,oq. , ; The t , indertaking to which the mot-on reerrcei was csne which had beat ; Commenced fur the purpose of establishing a conatsunieati'oai betweep Edinhur4l) and Glasgow, and was cite of great importsnce. The undertaking was a bona fide one, but the Bill brought in on the subject was introduced as a third class one, while if should have been introduced as one of the second class. The B 11 lad been thrown out do this technical objection, which he now proposed to remedy. The SPEAKER here intimated that the Hon. and Learned Gentleman should for a moment defer his motion. COMMITTEE; ON THE TOTNES ELECTION. Mr. ORD then brought up .a report of the Members who had been chosen to serve on the Totnes Election Committee. The Members were as follows :—Lord Mahon, G B. East, the Hon. C. Langdale, G. R. Philip s , Tuffnell, Captain Jones, and the Han. R. Clive. Mr. ORD then brought up a report of the Members who had been chosen to serve on the Cambridge Election Committee. The Members were as follows : Divett, Sir J. Walsh, H. Compton, J. E. Sutherland, E. Pro theroe, Sir G. Ssrnerville, and Sir C. Lemon. Mr, Thomas Hamilton, medical attendant of Mr. Su therland, being called in and examined, stated that the Hon.. Member was:too unwell to attend to any regular busi ness. He would not be able for three weeks or more to discharge his duties as a Member of a Committee of that House. He might have been able to come to the House tc-day, but he would not have been able to enter into any defence of himself, or make his own excuse. After a few words from the ATTORNEY-GENERAL and Mr. STANLEY, who did not think the excuse quite satis factory, Mr. ORD, the nominated Chairman of the Committee, stated that :f the [louse accepted this excuse, as ses.med to be the case—( Hear, hear) —according to the rules of the House the. Committee was dissolved de ,facto, and it would be the duty of the General Committee of Election petitions to select another Committee from the same panel, and every Member upon that panel would be required to attend daily in his pl cc until the Committee was sworn in. EDINBURGH AND GLASGOW RAILWAY BILL. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL then moved for leave to bring in a Bill to amend the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway Bill. Sir G EORGE GREY suggested that the more regu lar course would be to present a petition for leave to bring in a Bills which petition being referred to the Committee on private Bills, would give an opportunity of bringing the merits of the application fairly before that Committee. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL adopted the sugges tion of his Right Hon. and Learned Friend, and having withdrawn the motion, presented a petition from the Edin burgh and Glasgow Railway Company, for leave to bring in a Bill. The petition having been read, Tne ATToRNE Y. GENERAL moved that it be re ferred to the Committee on Private Bills. FR.ES Id Fl ELD objected to the motion as incon sis.ent with the rules and prectice of the House. In the ca , e of the Ardwick Improvement Bill, a similar petition was opposed (as we urderstood( by the Right Hon. Gen tleman himself (ths. Attcrney-General), and was rejected by the House, although the improvement was one of great impurtance. The petition was rejected in consequence of a siugle error, without any intention to deceive the House on the pal t of the petitioners, and though the circumstances were different fro n the present case, the principle was the same. The reception of such petitions, and the referring them to the Committee on Private Bills, would lead to the re-agitation of questions which had been already settled by the House. GEORGE GREY supported the motion, on the ground that there ought to be some indulgence given by the House which ought not to exclude parties from all means of escape from an accidental error, be the merits of the case what they might. After a few observations from Sir G. CLERK and Mr. GREEN, it was agreed that the petition should be referred to the Committee on Private Bills. Mr. ORD then moved that the attendance of Mr. Sutherland on the Cambridge Election Committee should be dispensed with. Mr. WA RBURTON was not at all satisfied with the medical testimony given with regard to Mr. Sutherland. He wished to speak plair i ly, and the truth appeared to him to be, that though that Hon. Member could not attend a Com nittee, he Would be. very well able to vote with his wirty, and attend a division of the House. Atter a few words from Sir CH ARLES DOUGLAS and Sir G. GREY, Sir G. CLERK moved that, for the further information of the House, Dr. Hamilton should be again callen in and examined; It was found, however, that Dr. Hamilton was no longer in attendance. Mr. STANLEY wished th it the consideration of the question should be adjsurned till to-morrow. The motion was then withdrawn. Mr. W. STANLEY gave notice that he would in the Committee on the Ecclesiastical Duties and Revenues Bill, move a clause in conformity with the recommendation of the Ecclesiastical Commission of 1835. Mr. F. MAU LE gave notice that on this day se'night, he would move for leave to bring in a Bill for the regula tion of the trade of chimney sweeping. CHINA. Sir J AMES GRAHAM then rose and said—Mr. Speaker, wean I consider the magnitude of the subject which 1 have felt it my duty to bring under the considertion of this House, ard when I think of the immense natural interests which are at stake. and when I think of tire perlous position in which these arc placed at this moment, I confess that I shrink from the task which I have imposed on my self—not so much on account of the inability which I feel to do justice to the cause, but from an apprehension that any inadvertent expression or imprudence of mine should place those great national interests in a state of greater jeopardy than they are at present. But Sir, 1 think it impossible, considering the present state of our relations with China as evinced in the papers laid on the table of the House, that this House, though not invited by the Crown to express any opinion on this sub ject could with advantage to the public interest any longer delay the expression of their opinions.—( Cheers. ) I therefore conceive I am cischarging a public duty when I bring this question under the notice of the House, and that I shall most faithfully discharge it if I give expression to the feelings and impressions which a careful and attentive consideration, of the subject has produced on my mind. I fear I shall not be able to command the attention of the House during the length of time I must occupy in bringing under their notice the de tails of this great question, But at all events I shall best deserve their patient forbearance, if I at once proceed to the subject-matter to which I call their attention. And' Sir, in the first place, I would beg to call to the serious consist ration of the House the magnitude of the interests which are involved in our relations with that country. 1 am guilty of no exaggeration when I state that one-sixth of the whole unitt d revenue of Great Britain and India is dependent on our relations with China and India. In the last scar the revenue paid into the Ex chequer on account of tea in this country amounted to no less a sum than 3,660,000/. - Besides that there are seve ral reoeipts arising from imposts upon other imports from that country, making the Bri.ish revenue derive from her inters urse with China no less, a sum annualy than '2,400,0001a Now, with respect to India, where our dilli rattles are principally financial, I would beg to call to the attention of those House how large a proportion of the revenue of ttat country is remitted into China The gross income of India may be stated a' 20,000,0001 annually ; and, unless I am mis tak n, the income derived from China is no less than 2,000 000/. annually ; and the difficulty of our connection with ludia being the difficulty of remittance, China has aff oded this remarkable facility in its intercourse with China, that year by year, for the last five years, since the trade, there has been an annual influx from China into India of species averaging 1,300,0001. annually, and in the last year yielding no less a sum than 1,700,0001. I have already, I think, related enough to this House to fix its attention to this subject as a most important one, consider ing that at the present moment, whether at home or in India, our difficulties are principally financial. But I should not do justice to my subject if I did not for one moment ask permission of rho House to call attention to the peculiar character, the vast importance, and the great strength of the Chinese empire. Unhappily we were on the verge of a rupture with that country, and there is nothing less wise than to despise our enemies.— ( Hear, hear.) And it will be well to consider what are the resources of the country with which we are about to engage in war. Now I must say I think a very general fallacy prevails in this country respecting China. —( Hear.) Our notions of that country generally are derived from the intercourse with a single port, to which alone Birtish subjects are admitted ; and the public opinions is formed from intercourse with Canton alene. And if I wished in the plainest manner to illustrate the extent of this error, I would say it is exactly as if a foreigner were permitted to anchor at the None, and after a time to land at Wapping, and when there placed in close confinement during his residence under such circumstances were to pronounce a deliberate opinion upon the resources, genius, and character of the British Empire—(Hear, hear)—sir, I will now just call attention to what is the real truth with respect to the Chinese Empire. It is inhabited, three hundred and fifty millions of human beings—all directed by the will of one man—all speaking one language—all governed by one code of laws—all pro fessing one religion, and ail actuated by the same feelings of national pride and sympathy. They date their origin not by centuries, but by tens of centuries, transmit ted to them in regular successsinn, under a patrialchal government, without interruption ; and boast of educa tion,eeev conveniences printing, eee es andluxuries arts,es of f lifeand b a ofs enjoyed all t n h d by them when Europe was still sunk in badr in this • mo ra n c yj v c i , i fiz at ht irlL and when the light of knowledge was olescure only with regard to that unity which . great western hemisphere. But not only h their is st n re u e m g b th er , s— he n t ot l call the attention of the House —their means. gularly collected —they have no e y onion of Asia. Nearly one- They possess an annual revenue of h 6 t_ o,o th o e o,9o o ie , ha r h e i - t the largest and fairest por climate they third of that which is in thefinest. finest rivers and intersected by a canal he N. ,- miles in cultivate a most fruitful soil, whichiswiaoteoroed by the every portion of this im length, which is one of thmeenwoendeemrsphirfet therveorilid,enaenduniin_ formitv of system —one jealous suspicion of stranger-, evinced both on the shores cf the yellow sea and along the confines of India, and the boundaries caskve, Tebet, and I may the question surely, then, taN,heePtahnetr. it is not wisor to trade than to quarrel with such a nation as this ?—( Hear, hear, hear.) would it not be more prudent to conciliate such a people by the arts of peace, than attempt to use them with the cruelties of war.—(Hear.) There is one remarkable characteristic of this people, to which I have already alluded. Their extreme jealousy and suspicion of stran- EVENING EDITiGIS' in the Joatruefous which I think erroneoue ens the order in page 2 of the prieted papers,it is this : " In execution the said commiseion you will take up your residence in t pit of Canton, in the dominion of the Emperor Chine ; and you will discharge the several duties ce•nfid to• you by the said Commission and Orders in Council spcnitely at Canton aforesaid," tic —(Hear, hea.". The House would perceive that there orders we peremptory, and that • there had been no pre- II; emus communication to the Court of Pckirt Toe House observes that nothing was said in his instruc ti •ns with respect to a passport on the spot, but the order to Lord Napier is to proceed and establish himself as of right at Canton. The next point which I think was erroneous is to be found at pa''e 4. where Lord Napier is ordered to announce his ar.i.sl at Canton, by letter to the Viceroy. These orders prejudiced the Chinese, and were made without any previous communication or consultation. Then, as to the point which I think is defective ; and in the course of what I have to address to the House, I shall show that the Noble Lord and I agree that there was a defect in the original orders of the Consul. The point where the instructions were defective arises as to the mode in which the power was exercised by the 6th clause of the China Trade Aet, whereby a traesfer was made of the power enjoyed by the supercargoes of the 'East India Company to the Superintendent. It subsequently came to the knowledge of the Noble Lord as is stated in the dispatch, to which I shall hereafter re feeethat there was art error in that. When the China Tree Act was passed, the power vested in the superear goesellid ceased to exist. The power vested in the suft a ,p e s was the power of withdrawing the li e from those wLo trseed on the waters of China -1 more vindictite and grasping power can not be conceived, because at that time no trade Wig permitted except under license. An absolute and ar .itrary poser of withdrawing the license gave, therefore, tit:limited power to the supercargoes; it was an ample power, end the attempt to convey to the Superintendent the preset exercised by the supercargo was an entire failure of the pewee, inasmuch as the authority shish wag s.u3ht to be conveyed had been r. rescind , d by an Act of Parliament anterior to tits China Trade Act. Now the portion of the instruc tions to which I entirely adhere are to be found in the thin page in which there is that most solemn direction to the Superintendent to the utmost of his ability to proteetHaitish sub;cets. Now observe these words,not in all their ominercal stteculatians, not in their trade in general without limitation hut in the peaceable prosecution of all lawful enterprises in which they may be engaged in China;—(Loud cries of hear,)—and it then tells the superintendent that be is to observe all possible moderation, " cautiously to ab. stain from all unnecessary use of menacing language or from making any appeal for protection to our aaPitary or naval forces, unless in any extreme case. The most evident nece , sity shall require that any such menacing language ebould be holden, or that any such appeal should be made ; and we do further command and require you, in the general discharge of your duties, as such superintendents to abstain from and avoid all such catiduc, language, and demeanour, as might needlessly excite jealousy amongst the inhabitants of China," and it goes on, " we do require you constantly to bear in mita% and to impress, as occasion may offer, upon our sub. ' jet ts resident in, or:ri sorting to China, the duty of conforming (LEFT SPEAKING.) gers—this is their general I - olicy ; and as to Great Bri teU, it is with more than ordinary caution maintained. It cir.*:- * . ,Va:7:ce r , fe.Y erne moment at a natural cause of th .t je donsy. The± bee rmly to look across the Himalaya, and they see Hinde4taii pio4rate at the feet of Great Brdeirt —( Hear, hear.) The' 'sae not so ignorant is's not to be perfectly aware of the policy that W. tie' f!iie eonauest. Hardly a century is rest since our empire, by dee: e... 1 ttorinnings, arose ; and how OA it arise ? It arose under the t'reermee of trade and the sem blence of commerce. Scarcely a CeietWry ?tad elapsed eince oto r f ) rst factory was established in that etsWafree We be gun by builder a. warehouse ; we surrounded it eri'sle walls ; we added a dith; wt Sfeneed our workmen; we increeend the number of Europeans: , :fstt formed a garrison; we treated with the native powers; we :Mr i,covered their weakness ; that garrison marched out ; Clive seppeared ; Arcot oas seized and defended; the battle of F-'7asey was won; what Clive commenced the Wellesleys concluded, Seringapatam was taken, the: Mysore was vanquished, and the Mahratta war was t e rminated by the battle of Aesaye, he and India become ours.—(Cheer' ) Nor it this all—t Indus and the Ganges no longer bound the fireite of our empire—the Hytespes has been passed—Cabal and Care dither have witnessed the advance of our armies—Central Asia trembles at our presence, and almost acknowledges our dominion, and on the borders of such an empire is it not natural that the Chinese, seeing what has passed, should feel the utmost jealousy at the settlement of any of the British within their territories.—( Hear. ).. Their whole policy is fixed upon two cardinal points 'lilt exclusion of strangers from residence as of right within their territories, and from direct communicrien with the vice-regal authority. Now, Sir, we hwe carried on an unsuccessful commerce with that country for two centu ies. A great change took place in the manner of conducting it, when it was taken trom the direct control of the East India Company. I hope the Haute nil permit me to read some 1 ae agss from an admirable let ce eritten in the year 1832, by the Directors of the East India Com pany to their Superintend:Ala resident at Canton. The letter was wri ten in answer to a cornmunica tion received from the Sup.rietendant during the pre ceeding year, stating the circumstances of a miss understanding which had occurred between the Superintendent and the authorities at Canton. I will net enter at length into the points of that misunderstanding , but will merely state to the House that it arose out of a want of proper attention to the prejudices of the Mbinese, and to the regulations which they had established respect ing the admission of British females to the factory at Cane ton, and from the enlargementof theesplanade in front of that factory by a few feet. I quote this letter with tins greater confidence because I know that the matter of it was the subject of great deliberation to the Ministers, and I believe that it was submitted to the head of the Govern ment at that period, and met with his cetire approval. At all events it is a document which, at the present time more i specially is well worthy the attention of the II else. Tip , Right Hon. Baronet then read a dispatch from the Board of Directors to the British Superietersdant at Canton, dated the 13. h January 1332, in which the hoard stated that the trade to Coina had origitially been s ought by themselves, and that the advantages which it y ielded them were great, and that, notwithstanding the attempts whieli had been made to adopt a beliegerent policy, they were convinced that a pacific course was best to be pursued in their intercourse with the Ca n a ~ a d t at ti 43; eou'.a rot refuse to China what our oath ceur. try claimed—the right exclusively to regulate the greunde en vehleh any inter. course would be permitted with other countrieg. They impressed en the Sup rin'endent the fee: that China mita' perfectly free to imgittate her own etlairs wi hut the 'n - (Continued from our First Edition.) The solicitors generally acted tervention of any other persono. T ey regrctt •d that any misunderstanding should have teken place, and stated th t as agents for the Clive la - in:eettinrest on fothe rmer electionsve Ass o . They it was their desire that the Superintendent should Fell t- vt , ei•e, very instrumental gg up Conservati toasty avoid entering into any discussion with the Chite : e . i'•i"il• Government except when absolut ly necessary, avi By Mr. Caeeettee—llad }erudite eny . conenunicati-n wit that in such a case the discussion should be earn d v . hth Lord Cliy respecting that i Also- on with temp r and moderation, and cicistd atSte meixt,:::st:: 1 i s g l ee eP ri r t t M s re ewe Fur it objected to the question. Lord earliest possible period The Directors stated further Clive tees i.e party before the Committee. their cesire to correct a dangerous notion, which was bit After the Cemenittee had deliberated for near an hour too common with the merchants who inhabited Canton, pat ties were re sail ed, end inform* d by the Chair which was, that nothing was to be gained frost the Calii nese by qe;i attention to their laws, but that evervthin o was to reeeri f thst the Committ ee had dot onained that the ',lite would not be put, and he was requested at l % l ive be gained by their intimidation. You may, for a tri met. sa 11Q time O enquire of Mr &meant M reweafeer Tact ler , v said the Court of Directors, set the Government of c if:l s are w time ef the Committee by admitting tle agency China at defiance, but not only do they take the of any of any of the parties ran: first moment to assert their dominion, , ert, may Ir. Sergeant MEuEW.EtTi e Fi d t; was not . instructed to de t e u o e , take also the first moment to deprive ycu of but he tvitita make inquiries on the subject, and inform some advantage which either tacitly or openly you have Committee tr _ to-morrow evening. Lard iow Ice reerred the Learnep Counsel to the evidence , heretofore enjoyed. They stated that they were borne eie en let Ills awn witnesses upon the ageene rty of Mr.soni Coppoak the out in this opinion by the events of 1829 . and st ate that that showeed hill proved agents': pn th pa of eof they are struck with the contempt exhibited by the S - gentlemen named. he perintendant for the authorities cf China , and his Mr. REvis was then recalled, and mid considered unwarrantable freedom in commenting on the laws that Mr, William Holmes had the whole management and institutions of that Empire. ( Hear, hear 1 of the electien. On the Monday lie saw It - e, He m e The real and sound principle of the management of our and in the hearidg. srl Mr. Clive, that gentlernat' spoke iwereouase with Chine, and of our trade with that countr‘ t something of briber}. Mr. Holmes was upon . 1 . ; la 1 been laid down with explicit strength and truth in this ,e ~omitted in Denham-house; so also was witness. All A tw i . document. Two hundred years of experience and of a po- ricitors in the , Cliye interest i referred Committeeman matters to pre bey .. bey which ended in the most successfell manner, bear tea- Holmes and he c r t , edgeneral yas a timony to the wisdom of those views. In the same paper sen a c fr. 4 Coo r ;aris " :libinitied that he Lad a right to ask as teary a reference is made to opinion of a Reverend and Nob'e acts don - 617'1/re Holmes. Friend of mine, now no more. Application had b:en Mr. Set-leant AJEREWEATHER. would Met° ask a few qua- i made to Lord William Bentinck by p arties who sought tons first. • Witness thought himself a com mittee-man, but i for ' certain demonstrations a ainst China, and his there MB no positive appointment. Knew that there aasever to them was, that it was quite impossil le was a Committee, but he was not cognizant of any appoint to doubt that the discontinuance of trade with China won Id meats until the Monday previous to the nomination-day, when be oie of the greatest calamities which could befall the :Nile Holmes apnointed the pereons to bring up the eotere. , E-st India Company and the nation. He added that it There was a permanent Chairman appointed—no secretary, nor • was the bounden duty of the Company to give the it beet was it stated on the deer that such-and-such a room was a s Cemmittee-rom. He knew that farce was a C . oommittee, be aid to the establishment of so great a source of revenue aed commerce to this cost try. lie thought that the cause it wee always considered that the solicitors who sup measure of intimidetten woull be justified by the proceed- paned the ' Clive interest formed a Committee. Witness l acted as secretary to the Committee formed at the Blue Boar— ings of the Chinese Government, and that he could not on the door there it vow stated to be tile committee roon.. He 1 l: id himself without the sanction of a superior authority to I took the office of sscretary at the request of the meeting. lie any change in the pacific policy' which hid been hitherto omit minutes, which he afterwards took to Denham House:, Misr ably and successfully followed towards Caine. That committee ro On was quite a bliad. 1 will not detain the House by reading any more of these Re-examined.—The 'due Boar committee was not a general docu nents, the publ:cation of which preceded the change committee—it nut merely for the i pnrpos d e of bodymomma duties w h ' i el: usually' I wed upon Here, tyro ' C ' r:tee ) rn pe ittee. On lb^ Monday he was sent the Secretary for Foreign Affairs, when the Chinese trade Act was introduced. I am, therefore, responsible for for to the private room in Denharn House, and had an interview with Mr. Holmes in the presence! of Mr. Clive. Mr. Holmes every portion of the Act, and I hold myself responsible also aeted him if he thought he could secure the vote of Mr. Phillip for the instructions issued by the British Government wi tee , sse iehethought hecould ; and he asked:sir. Holmes what at that time, as well at for everything whirls oas the sum to be given. Mr. H. asked how much would be re tece took place with reference to Chi, a ; but it is my paired. Witnesssanithe voter would not vote with the Conserva misfortune to differ at present with those who were then tee party, but he might be out of the Mayor a eunsideration. my colleagues on other grounds. It would be vain to nsa he would offer £O, and a c t do so. He f dissemble the morives which then induced me to be- went to the eteer, but he would not accept the mo . stey , ,an r t lime it politic and necessary to make a change in would vote with the Radical party. spoken the of s i tt , tr;lc. mi ti N n va l d l e. our intercourse with Chna, and to establish what west eon .11 , said A . lr. Williams had been sidered a monopoly. It must, however, be admitted that 1 .IV lliams lout spoken to him upon the subject. Me. Cot:K.ll( 7 u s, state what that conversation wen t tat change was attended with considerable danger. It was so felt at th : time, and those who hid the Mr. Sr RGT. Meeteweeseeteit objected to tLe question. What I had taken place was not :n the presen,e of Mr. Cliee—it was not g eatest knowledge end experience of China—of the cha racter of its pecialer and its trade, expressed in the most i o tj-,e oa w t i li t ' ile i s i s o . r w S as nC i tl n t Y cott marked and decided mariner the dissent ho n the course M. Coceetiee world not insult the Committee by wasting which Lord Grey's Government adopted at the time. their rime in argunes so is cart a int. person ..e r sa t i l a n r , s s s present butld nota b iN e l astir. e e N t i; i N l , li d am s and I know not if I can refer to any authority on the subject The Committee, withoutearing the room, decided tl'at the more entitled to weight and respect t han than of , question might be put. the Honourable Baronet, the Member for Portsmouth. ! Alm setts 11as recalled. Mr. Williams showed him a paper on ., NN A ' r illl_ , . er Upon the discussion of the renewal of the East ladia , ~' • c li were the names of a great number of vutese. Cuarter, ana before the China trade was thrown open, hut ! "et IF a e - ev r. runA ' it The paper must be prodeced. Wiin ' ess gt a He eitiil, refer give to the paper, Wede and Phillie imme liately upon its being notified that that trade would are ft ien be t. town open, Sir George Staunton mo ved seer, tell le so .,s of yours—will you secure their votes? M. Humes at Denham House referred to that conversation, and said Mr. letiems, which were put on record as a n amendroont. 1 Phili ps ' s vo te was to be secured. On the day of polling. Mr. I must say that those re!olutio is were not treated 'Holmes, in Mr. R. H. Clive's presence, at the C‘ mrnittee-room wi li so much attention as they deserved.—( Hear, bear.) io ths Blue Boar, had a conversation with witeess. Id i not know whether upon that occasion toe Hon Mem- 1 Mr. Com:milts proposed to ask what that conversation wash ber for Br:dport made his usual motion for aeij iurn- I Mr. Sergeant. MEREWEATHEA objected to the question, .be- . meet —(Eaughter)—but this I do know, that one of then 1 cause the candidate, Mr. H. CliVe, was not pre'"ntn'Crliive(l. Sheriffs of London took the Occasion to coun: out it, been established that,Mr. Holmes was an agent tor . Mr. {the House, and in consequence Sir George was defeated in , Mr. Cocenu es would not detain the Committee further than to beg the Committee to r emember all the cogent and W m • 'Ws intention on . that first occa si o n of p uttin g these eta- , cOnclusive.arcru,aents of his Learned Fjends, Mr. Sergeent tiOns upon record. But the Hon . Baronet p ersevered, and he moved those resolutions whi ch now stand upon N'lereweather and Mr. Austin, in their openi n g , as to a g ency and treating, against Mr. Alleock. What was sauce for the the minutes of the House as a memorial •of geiese must be sauce for the gander--(Laughter)—what was h•s sagacity, of his knowledge, and of the lase for the parson must be law for the clerk. He only wanted w adorn which dictated them. — ( He ar, hear ) With the that, that which v! as law for the serg•ant with his *ilk gown permission of the House I will read one or two of those should be law also for the stuff one.—( Laughter.) After resolutions which bear so closely upon the present state of recapitulating the evidence, he contended that there neynerurNiinas affairs. The Right Hon. Baronet then read the 6th and a clearer case of t agency proved before h any Committee. arjnou _ nce el that th g e 7th resolutions, which were to the effect that the trade the Earn as at , e w n a t v eeirnsa.ti thes i: decision iwec o w f a t s he Committee, there with China would not be carried on without the previous sanction of the Imperial Government at Pekin, and that Pure, h r e e r m ' a v i a n s sov i er till to'-morrow.—Adjourned. any a tempt which might be made to Appoint a national officer for the protection of trade :oust be liab e t, compromise of the honour and dignity of the Crown, and that any attempt to establish such an office must be premised by a successful embassy to Pekin. The House will see that Sir Georgo Staunton states as preliminary matter, it must be a primary object to obtain the sanction of the Government of Pekin before establishing any offi cer at Canton, and he goes on to recommend that the English should constitute an Admiralty Court at Canton fur the cognizance and punishment of homicides, &c. To mite latter portion of his advice attention was paid in the Act which was introduced, but to the former no attention whatever oas paid, no attempt to negotiate with the Government of Pekin was made preliminary to the establishment of the Superintendent at Canton. Now, Sir, I think it better, as a very considerable portion of this case turns upon one clause in the China Trade Act, if the House would pardon me—l fear l am occupying the House —(No, no) —I think it would lead them to under stand more clearly what I shall think it myhduhtymst.oassalynbseetraitc.red I sit down if I should read the clause ofs ir w George Staunton, according to the recommendation for the trial of British subjectst even in the waters of and Learned Friend Canton. I may appeal to my H the Judge• of the Admiralty Couratu,.. if this clause was not But et least a straining beyond the international law. it was under the peculiar circumstances recommended by Sir G. Staunton, and adopted by Lord Grey's Government, I pray the attention of the House to the very large powers which are give n by that clause. (The Right Hon . Ba ronet than read the clause, which was to the effect ' that it may be lawful to her Majesty, ',by an Order in Council to give to the Superintenden, or any of them, power over the trade and commerce of her Majesty's subjects in any part of the Chinese dominions, and to make regulations for the Government of tee Ma jesty's subjects in their dominions."] This not only were the very largest powers for regulating the trade and com merce of her subjects, brit the Chinese dominions were given to the Superintendent ; but it was also enacted that lie should certainly have the power to impose penalties, forfeitures, and imprisonments, and to make such regulations as may be necessary in the manner specified by the Order in Council, and that it might be lawful to her Majesty in Council to establish Courts of Judicatui o in those dominions, or in the ports, harbours. and havens thereof, and in the seas within one hundred miles of the Chinese coasts." I think I am not misrepresenting that clause,when I say that was not pos- . ed sible for any terms to be longer,then the terms th en em p loy It gave to her Majesty's Council (so long as she ch . o n se th t e o exercise it) and arbitery power over her subjects 1 ..e dominions of China, and on the waters Trishabtrinemspmi e limited only to 100 miles from the coast. to Lord Napier's mission, and I beg to staotetthat i hold skrieking myself strictly responsible and in the slightest degree from _ anismya..nshare in the point out to instructions to Lord Napier. w hich I u h I think previous the House the points u p ex o p n orience proved t hat tho se warning and subseque nt n e part of the instruc instructiion ons were wrong. Os was defective , but t h e remainder was well t adapted to meet the circumstances of the case. The clause VIIO LUDLOW ELECTION-THIS DAY• ---- - - - „ . THE DAGUERREOTYPE.—The following com munication appeared in the Belfast News Lqter-:—" In Sep tembn I addressed to you a letter on the subject of Photogenic drawing, and mentioned therein the singular feet of silvered paper treated in the same manner as silver plated on op cpet.— namely, the lights reveised—consequently, gradations of tints in nature were changed. A number of experiments which I have made convince me that I have attained the treat desidera tum of reproducing the beautiful images of nature on a cheap substance, and as perfect a s the Da g uerreotype. 1 now send you a specimen of photogenic drawing, according to N. Da guerre's invention, adapted to our temperature and latitude, taken from the top of my dwelling-house. I would have done so, as I then promised, but for the delay occasioned by the difflcalty of obtaining Daguerre's plates, and which I was unable to procure until manufactured for myself, according to my di rections. The resources and facilities of this invention are al together new and interesting, and will be productive of the greatest benefit to science, astronomy, natural history, botany, architecture, mechanics, &c., and will realize by its use whatever the most enthusiastic imaginings could conceive. The operation, when known, is simple, and may be practised x by any lady or gentleman, by attending to a few directions. I , shall not fail to submit for your inspection views of our public 4. buildings, streets, and adjacent scenery.—l am, &e., F. S BRATTY. Belfast, 26th March, IMO." Thu News Letter adds—" We have examined the specimen referred to by Mr, Beatty, and it is at once minutely perfect and extremely beau iful." Lady Ann Anson, daughter of the Earl and Countess of .Litchfield, will be presented at the drawing-room on Thursday next by the Countess of Litchfield. - ,The. officers of , the 3d, or Prince of Wales' s Dragoon Gu?rds, gave a sumptuous farewell hall and supper to all the rank, beauty, and fashion of Mid-Lothian.,,atdthe 1 H: op% town Rooms, Edinburgh, on Wednesday. last . detachc meti s and the other implements decorated with carbines, sabres, fla g s + of the regiment, was drawn up in the lobby, whi was --Ile CHINESE QUARRE L. of wr. The company mustered in number truth 400. is—and the valuable—the commercial admission, as'regards this straggle, enforcing the necessity e part of one or been brought to souse crisis of impossible intercourse of Ohina wo-i:lisitrhaetionnaatianotantlisensarovesfta,on Christendom must have and lucrative is prat i c c a a m l l Of a•rery serious dent . , I y merce with n ation to carry nirrraenoyf the others, and } e. • • refuse to enter into some species of diplomatic " o utside fnorneaiggnerersa.: relation with them. The inconveniences of the want of such re cognised relations may be endured for a season ; but individual v i,;i ene es, on one side or the other, are sure, at some time or other, to bring the redectio ad absurdum: and now that the crisis has arrived in this case, our only prayer is that it may be made use of wisely.— Quarterly. " IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT• HO USE OF COMMONS, APRIL 6. For the set'ond teadmg Against it y ... 11 Majority ita.favour of the second reading —i6 HOUSE OF L ORDS, Arm 6. IRISH MUNICIPAL REFORM BILL. The Marquis of LONDONDERRY said—in c)ntinuation tom our Second Edition, an extract from a speech of Mr. Macaulay's - at Edinburgh, 21st January, e l 3 a t ' at be" 04' I I