The Sun. — London, England, 1817-08-12 00:00:00

o lc c e tll at theypartake of the deficiences of ers, or rattler of human nature in all situations, we can the excesses of his zeal, and consider them al the effusions of pure benevolence, animated by l accessful experience, ‘vhich, though upon a 4l l l ted sc al e , might, if genera lly adopted, tend t Q the improvement of Society, and, of course, t t° the happiness Of mankind.—We find that an t elling Paper of yesterday is very severe in' its ! eit lititents upon Mr. OwENT's system ; and among 18 °I)jectiOns has the following passage : "rhe Poor are at this moment in actual possession of fall t.fiftli of the real estate of the cduntry. They have, it: and the Y are far stronger, a thousand times stronger, in the ad blitted right, than in the actual,possession. But the greateit t 'il consists in the sort of people the possession makes them. : 41 f fed, degraded, discontent follows, sourness of dispoii s")) and disaffection to the Government." li, then, such is the condition, aml such the fee lings and sentiments of THE Poon, %vial SO i 4 ge a proportion of the Country employed for t heir support, the Evening Paper, by this very Ncession:, admits that some change of system is n ecessary, and consequently has really refuted it telf upon the subject in question. Yesterday the PEINGE REGENT dined with his 11 .,,,0yul mother and the Princes . .ELlzAßETn, at the "I'leen's Palace. Visecnt, iinstouTti had an audience of the RINCE REGENT yesterday; at Carlton-House.' Yesterday t-he Duke and Duchess of CUMBER "No came to town from Kew, and in the after b,on went to dine with the Marquis and Mar nioness of ABEECORN, at the Priory, near Stan-. 1 i l i°re, where there was a patty to meet their 'la' Highnesses. 'Yesterday morning the Duchess of GLOUCESTER. btl ired in town from tiagshot, and s , ,on after vi „cted the QUEEN and the Princess ELIZABETH, at " 3 e Queen's Palace, Viscountesi CREMORNE visited her MAJF.sTY and „4e PrinCeSs ELIZABETH yesterday, at the Queen's alaee. A serious disturban c e took pl ace on th e 'lB t h V t • at St. genies, in France, at the - execution of a Ounig, who was shot Tor a former in,- /(wrection. The detachinent of . soldiers drawn to shoot the unfortunate offender Wheeled ""t, and refused to fire. The Officer who coin -44' nded them has been dismissed the service, as ' hell f as- hi s men , w i t h the additional punishment 44 being ordered before a Court Martial. ~A private letter from Newfoundland, dated the A . of April, mentions that the greatest possible, distress exists in that ;stand for want of the corn """n"' necessaries of life. 1r is confid e ntly reported at the Head-quarters . 0 , the grit sh army in France, that a further re 'lctiou of the troops serving its that country will klaiost directly take place. Lord WH I T WORT H and the Duchess of DORSET -Ile not. now expected from Ireland betore the be ginning of October, by which time their noble • 4 , 4 '4 at Backhurst Park is to be completely ready Aar their reception. O n Saturday Mr. KELLY, whose wife ciccom. itisnied James Lake from Liverpool, who - was tll4 tged with robbing his own bro:her of 4501. 's discharged from Maidstone prison by proclit litlation, his w!fe not ha-ving indicted him. t About 300 p ersons , o f b ot h sexes , h ave b een b ll 'Ployed for several months at the . Depot at ' '.h, in cleaning and re-pekiog the military t "ltes whichit contains. A se a son a bl e etTiploy kofut has thus beers afforded to a large proportion "t'lle labouring classes in that vicinity. Arr. Baron Woos), preciously toleaving York, r Plieved all the ptisoners tinder sentence of except Isaac Bradshaw, for a rape, who is ;ft for execution.' The execution of I* King, 11 ()1 ' the . wilful murder of l Saiiah:Trippet, at She u''l(l, with wh o m he co h a bit e d, t oo k place 'on llersday we e k a t th e d ro p b e hi n d th e C ast l e- - _er since the perpetration of this horrible deed -blood, .this unhappy man has'..been almost in a gat e of stupor, nor did he appear to be roused 64 1 it by the exhortatiOns of the Clergyman who it,tended hi m , or by t h e d rea df u l apparatus o f 4,1' t ltlk. In other respects he appeared very ra tOal, and gave brier hut pertinent answers to all questions that were put to him. , r ASTLEY's TIIEATISE.—At this Theatre last night produced, for the fist time, an interesting th e k Dratnaiie Spectacle, entitled The Sistets, or e Heroines rf Switzerland." taken from the well 411'wn tale of Wttliant Tell. This little piece has ~I h werful claim upon the public attention ; the i iL ' a tins which hang over the whole performance, e the f a iii e s' sp e ll, excite admir a ti o n at o ne 4 " v i 'taent, and the next produces the approha ti.ua of the whole company in loud and 4 4 ' 1 applause. The scenery was very capitally ! r anged, and the whole performance admirably Z l4 (lucteil ;—it is the sort of spectacle which is "at likely to attract the public notice, and we i` t '"lit it very deserving at all the support which IS likely to experience. I t itosnivnry.—Buried on Saturday. in St. John's Itlteh,yartl, Westminster,' Sarah Hearn, aged ° years and seven months. THOMAS. her 'bus— who had .been. married to her upwards of 4' 1 4 a century, followed her to the , grave at the x:',aneed a s ge of' 05 ; he enjoys his health, and ha lk 1 4 1 1 ELANcHoi. firml 'y ACCIDENT.-00 Saturday night 'there was a Kttrabl e incident at Irvine. The brig Anna had just coin t't I: 4 her cargo f or H a lif ax , when the master went on shore N fa •rewell to his friends, and convey to the ship 2 of the • ‘liliiis'issengers. In going out of the harbour, it was found 4 1i,.f!t to - row the boat; and recourse was had to a sail. :.,7 u h . t wa d s breezy, ti t a t n t ‘ l v the wns anted a d tacking. in h:tllast ; and, 41, 1 ,it her P o u t s i i sh ' ore l o a r in the observed the catastrophe . .fl'e t it : v 'As far in the forenoon of Stinday before it nests known. were on hoard bes,ide Captain Miller, two seamen t l s ii,' 4 ' , ttniber of lire Society of Friends from Belfast, with 1, 1 ';1, Aliter, who was going out to join her husband in Arne- ;'gyp !t is melancholy to thio.k that they all perished. The 4i the Lady has been cast on shore.—(Edinburgh Cou• a t ( i: 4 14 . 1 ,". 7.) 1 4 ' 4 :fes'INQUEST.—AiI Ingbisition was taken last night bti„ , tirewers, Little T oft on-street, St. John's, West -111.4% ' " 1 1 the body of Mr. John Bassill, of .11:o. 40. Groat v.,!N etteet, Westminster, Clerk in the War Office.— l'Sib sworn. She is the daughter o f Mr. Lamb, . 4 "' • was returning froui Chelsea, and saw the de ttl Its ti• ; Several Gentlethen were walking feWon the around to. a at.—lerdict, " Died' in PA Some Gmnati l'apers came to hand last: n;ght. They announce that, 'aceortling to report, the United States of America are in treaty Avid) the Goverut»ent of Tuscany for the purchase of the. Island ofElha.—The following are extracts : ‘! LEGHORN, JUNE 1 1 .—Our harbour has an uncommonly warlike appearance. Beside.; the American squadron, there are also two Neapolitan frigates • which. conveyed -hither Prince Leopold' and his Consort, and a small quick sailing. Portu guese:vessel Which has announced the Portuguese fleet (which is not yet arrived), and. remains here awaiting its arrival ; The Americans have brought a great deal of money, and a journey .which the Commodore has made to Florence is said to have had for its sole object to negotiate for the cession of the Island of Elba to the American Govern ment' for a very large sum of money. The Com• modort; is now here again, andi has given orders to be ready to sail. The destination of the squa dron is said to be Messina or Palermo. " FlonEtsicts, JULY I9—A letter tram Lisbon of the 24th of June announces that the squadron to convey the Princess of Brazil from Leghorn was to sail in the beginning of this month: " The John VI. on board of which she will embat k, is fitted up with extraordinary magnifi cence and taste for her reception. The Austrian Ambassador to Brazil, Count VonElz, will make the voyage with his suite on board 'the second ship the St. Sebastian. The guards of the Princess, who are to pa rack when she is formally delivered up, departed to-day for Leghorn with part of the baggage. " The ceremony of deliveringrup the Princess will be performed in the same manner as with the Archduchess Matia Louisa of Brannan, and the Duchess of Deny, at Marseilles. Among the tra vellers. of note arrived here, we remark Air. D'Acourt, Englis;l Minister at the Neapolitan Court, and Sir Thomas Maitland, Governor of Malta and.the lonian Islands. " Lonis linonoparte is at the Baths of St. Ca siano, near Peseca, " Letters from Rome say, that Count Blacas has delivered. to the POpe the Concorthrts signed by the King of France. • " A promotion of Cartlitials is shortly expect ed, in which, besides the French Prelates, several Italians will also receive the .hats. " The bases of this Coucordat are like those Upon which Francis I. concluded his Coneur•tla. ; but the circumscription of the Dioceses and the number• of 13!shops'• and Archbishops is different, and there is no question of the four points (pro* portions) of. the,Gailician Church. "'NAPLES, JULY I2.—Fro .n one end of the kingdom to the oilier the fields are coveted with the richeit harvest, which is on the pOint of being reaped." LAW INTELLIGENCE. COLTRT OF CI - JANCERY, AUG. 11. OPERA-HOUSE.-WATERS V. TAYLOR. Mr. Haivr gave in an affidavit, swing the vii rions•nms- of money paid into Court, and the sums due to Mr. Taylor, and those also due by bin). , Tile LORD CHANCELLOR said be would give judgment on Wt dne,tiav 1110111 i HU:. MAItLBOROUGI-1 HOUSE. VERNON V. THU IiOKR of MARLBOROUGH. The LARD CHANCELLOR, ill this Case (alter some conversation bet weer Mr. Hart 'and Mr. Bell, the former (*t vell'om wished, on account of the absence of Mr,•Leach, who was absent on the Circuit as Chief Justice .Chester, to pospone the appointment of k Receiver, and the latter contending for the appointment), appointed a Re ceiver ; at the same time observing, that, should any application he made for taking the mansion, a treaty mieht he entered into, and an application mai!e to the Court ; and, though his Lordship had appointed a Receiver, the order might not be acted on before the next Sittings. • . STATE OF THE COUNTRY. AGRICULTURE, MANUFACTURES, &c. &c. SALISBURY, Auo. 9.—The supply c if grain at our market, on Tuesday, was plentiful, hut Wheat declined 2s and Bar ley es. per quarter.—Wheat, 60s. to 1025.; Barley,3os.to 465.; Oats, 2As. to 405.; Beans, 525. to 78s. NV/NCUESTER, AUGUST 9.—tio little Corn appears in our market at this season of the year. that prices Limy be consi dered alinost nominal. Fine Wheats are only in request, and such obtains 9Els. per quarter; but inferior descriptions are not saleable at any price. Barley, bright and dry, fetched ; stained, 365. to 385.: good dry Oats, 345. to 365. GLA , Goti•, AUGUST 6. Sugym—Dry brown, 725. to 76s.—Nlidd ling. 76i. to 78s.— Good Middlings, 78s. to SOs.—Fine, 80s. to 84s.—Very fine, 84s. to 90s. Cotten Wool.—Bengal, laid. to 14d.—West India, 20d Bowed, 18d. to 21d.—Carriacou. 214 d. to 22d.—Ne•w Or'cams, 22id. to 23d.—Demerara, 161 d. to 28id.—Maranliam, 2s. Id. —Sea Island, 2s. 3d. to is. 61d.—Ditto Stxinrd, 22(L to 23d. • Barley harvest has commenced in the neighhourhoo,l of Campheltown, Scotland : and, we understand, it will be gene ral in that pint of Argyllshire next week. COAL MARKET, Aua OST 11. Ships at Market. Ships sold. Price. 121 Newcastle ... 9... 365. 9d. to 435. 9d. i Sunderland .1 s - s. Od. to —s. Od. 1 Cinders ••• 1 .. 2ls. W. to —s. Od. BIRTHS. . On thc 4th instant, at Chiswick, Mrs. Fletcher, of a caugh ter—the infant since dead. On the 7th iyst, at his house in Seymour-place, May-fair, the Lady of James Alexander, Esq. M.P. of a daughter. Same day, at Alton, Hants, the Lady of J. B. Conithard, Esq. of a son. NTARRIED. This morning, in the Church of St. Mary-le-Sti and, Mr. C. Read, of Worksop, No!tinehanashire, Solicitor, to Charlotte Eliza, eldest dAughter of Mr. Thomas Deverill, of Leighton, Bedfordshire, Solicitor. Saturday last, at West Ham, Thomas Dickinson, Esq. of Upton, Essex, to Miss Kemm, of Stratford. Same day, at St. Mary-le-bone, Charles Snell Channey, Esq; of Nlunden, Herts, to Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Da niel I.lcale,Esq. of Fitzroy-square. DIED. On the 3d inst. at Salisbury, Mrs.lVyndham, vxife of Henry Penruddoeke Wyndham, Esq. late Member for the County of Wilts. On Saturday last, at. Blackheath, after a short illness, aged 14, Joseph, second son of Mr. Samuel Hancock, of Breath street-hill. On the Bth instant, at the age of 73, near London, the Right Hon. Henri Benedict Jules de Betizy, Lord Bishop of Uztes in France. On snnday morning last, at four o'clock, in Upper Berke ley-street, Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. William Grey, fourth son of the late, and 'brother of the present Earl Grey. On Saturday, at Hampstead, in his tith year, George WO liam, only sou of the late Major George Wright, of the Hon. East-India Cowpony. TO. TIE EDITOR OF THE SUN.. .dagrest 7. SlR,—Strict justice to the public renders it ne cessary that my sentiments and views should be fully and fairly before it, prior to the meeting to he held at the City of London Tavern, at Twelve o'clock on Thursday next, the 14th instant. Your early insertion, therefore ; of the following, will confer a favour on, Sir, your obliged, 49, Charlotte-street, Portland-place. ROBT. OVVEN.- A SKETCEL OF SOME OF THE ERRORS AND EVILS ARISING FROM THE PAST AND PRESENT STATR OF SOCIETY, WITH AN EXPLANATION OF SOME OF THE PECULIAR ADVANTAGES TO BE nrtuvrn FROM THE ARRANGEMENT OF TETE UN- EMPLOYED WORKING CLASSES INTO " AGRICUL- TURAL AND MANUFACTURING VILLAGES OF UNITY AND MUTUAL CO-OPERATION," LIMITED TO A POPULATION OF FROM 500 TO 1,500 PERSONS. To enable the public more easily to comprehend the sub ject, it is necessary to begin with first principles. . The object of all human exertiOns is to be happy. Happiness cannot he attained, enjoyed, and secured, unless all men possess health, real knowledge, and wealth. Hitherto health and real knowledge have been negleetc:d for the attainment of wealth, and other' exclusive individual objects; but whieh, when acquired, ,even .in the greatest profusion, have been, and ever •ill be, found to destroy happitiess The world is now saturated with wealth—with inexhaustible means of still increasing itand yet misery abounds .! Such at this moment is the actual state of human society. No ar rangement, proceeding from a defined intention to attain an object of desire, could be worse devised than.that which is, now in practice, throughout all the nations of the earth. Im mense, invaluable energies, competent with ease to pi ocure every thing beneficial to humanity, lie waste, or are so mis directed as to defeat the object of all their wishes. The world, however, is now amply supplied with the means to stop the current of human . folly; to call those dorniant powers into action, and to give a .right straight forward di rection to all the energies of man: The means are Wanted to give health, real knowledge, and wealth, to all men. The means around us, are at our instant disposal, and exist in a supei guity of abundance; yet the great mass of the world is in the depth of ignorance, without the comforts •of life; a large proportion of them ate in want of a sufficiency of food, subject to every privation, and are to be found at thi s hour in the midst of almost inconceivable distress and wretchedness, Is the change then from the one state to the other difficult? Are there any insurmountable Obstacles in the way, to prevent the accomplishment of that which is so desirable ? On the contrary, cxtr :ordinary as' it may seem, the change will be most easy. No difficulty or obStacle of magnitude will be found in the whole progress. THE WORLD knowi. AND feels .THE eXISTING EVILS : IT WILL. LOOK AT THE NEW ORDER OP THINGS • PROPOSED- , -- , APPROVE--=WILL THE CIA G£--AND IT IS DONE. `•'ho, or :what, shall now prevent Man from being well trained, instructed,' and productively employed ? Who or what shall now.Trevent him from.being so trained, instruct ed, and employed; amidst everycomfort and enjoyment, when it . shall be proyed_ even to demonstration, that all, without a single exception, shall be essentially benefited by the Change - To proceed systeMatically in the subject, it is necessary here to state what man is 1.1 nature ; what he has been made by the previous circumstances which have surrounded him;. and afterwards to show what he may be Made by surrounding him with new circumstances, all of which are now at the con trout of society. Man, then, is born with combined propensities and qua-' differing in degree of power, and in combination, cient to create, through life, individuality and distinctness of person and character. But however much the poWer and combination of these propensities and qualities may differ in individuals at birth, they may be all so directed by subsequent circumstances as to be made to form general characters; and theie characters to be of any—of the most opposite nature—even to be made en tirely irratiorial, or rational. The progress .shall now be slightly traced, as well as the means; by which the first has been completery effected ; and a hasty sketch shall also be given, by which the last may, with equal certainty, be accomplished. In every known region of the earth, up to the present hour, man has been compelled from infancy to receive the peculiar notions of some sect, some classy some party, and of some country. In consequence; each individual has been sur rounded by four dense atmospheres of error and prejudice, and through which he must look at every object around him. These mental atmospheres vary materially in different coun tries ; but in all they are so dense, that (as every object must be observed through them) each object becomes dis torted oi indistinct; none of them in any country, or by a single individual, can yet be seen .in their just proportions and in consequence, nature has hitherto been hidden from Throughout all past agcs, a limited number of individuals, on various spots of the earth, have been surrounded with at mospheres, the shades of which have been more or less4dif ferently combined from all the other atmospheres, and each of these combinations has presented to the individual, within its influence, a particular distortion of all the objects of na ture peculiar to itself. When individuals, thus differently' surrounded, happen to meet and converse together, they soon discover that they do not see objects alike; and wholly uncon scious of the real cause of difference between them, an oppo sition of feeling, as well as of seeing, .is created ; extending from a slight, degree of dislike, to anger, hatred, revenge death, and destruction, in every form and shape. Hence, from differences of ()Pinion on notions of sect, arise the evils and miseries of human life, which, more than all the other at mospheres, of class, party, and of country, has in every age separated man from man, and made him a degraded and wretched iseing. The several atmospheres of class have also created various feelings of strong separation, among men, and have essen tially tended to increase their irrationality and their mi sery. The atmospheres of party and of country have been equally injurious ; they hare, even until now, compelhid man to re main a stranger to his fellows. A combination of every conceivable degree of ignorance , cratncss, and ine.►nsistency, bad been the natural con3e2 quence of rata's actions during such a state of existence All the past and present institutinas•of the world are a proof of the ever changing insanityltiith wt►ich the human mind has beets enveloped. The.resuit of cacti change, under these circumstances, has disqppoicted the fondest hopes, and the most sauguirr! ex pectations; and while the circumstances are permi. ted to re ma in, folly alone will expect any other result from any change whatever, hut their entire removal. • Happiness i., not one jot nearer the grasp of a,sia?;le. indi vidual now, than it was at the period when we have the first records of man. Born in ignorance, he imagined first, and. he hhs ever since been systematically taught, thA he liimse!f created, the motives for his own actions : his mind has been formed on this base; it has been, and is nriw, the very foun dation of his thoughts ; it has been combined into all the as sociations of his ideas, - and only doubt, disorder, and confu sion of intellect could follow ! It was truly said, that before man could be wise and happy, his mind " Must be-born again" that is, it• nst be discharged . of all theinconsistent associations •which have been formed within it; the foundation must be laid anew, and a super structure raised of just and useful proportions, consistent in each and in all its parts; and such as shall please, gratify, and delight the eye of all beholders ; that shall bear the test of the most scientific investigations 7 that, through all future ages, shall satisfy each mind us it advances, well train•!d and formed, to maturity, that it i 4 the abode of happinessproce , d ing from correct conduct, under the guidance of the best in telligence and the soundest wisdom ! Man is 'born in ignorance, and from his birth be is sur rounded with the errors of. some stet, some class, frequently of some party, and always of some country. • • • He is consequently rendered ignorant of himself, of his fel- low creatures, and of nature. The seeds of .disunion and separation are deeply and ex tensively sown during infancy and childhood He is individnalized, and niade, openly or. covertly, to op pose evert other human-being. His natural wishes are to press onward towards happiness, hut he is strofigly and successfully opposed by the multitudes around him, and by the ignorantly devised institutions of society. As he advances to youth and manhood, the'soilinto Which the seeds of 'disunion, and separation have been put, is culti vated with the greatest care, and every conceivable means are adopted to cherish the plants, ensure their growth, and iecure a plentiful crop. • Such care and culture cannot fail of success ; opposition to his natural feelings, and to all his exertions to attain happi ness, brings forth in due time an abundant harveAk of discon tent, dislikes, displeasure, anger, hatred, revenge, and of all . the evil passions; and at length he hecornes intimatdr in volved in all the irrational.ty which must inevitably arise from such a mode of training and culture ! Reis compelled to be ins Terre; and tizis circumstance alone will destroy human happiness! Were any individnal to speak the truth within either ofthese deranging atmospheres of the human intellect, he would be at once termed a fool and a mad- man! His finest feelings, his highest intellectual powers, and his hest energies, must lie waste, or be so misdirected as to pro duce evil continually. K. Such is a just and accurate outline of man as he has been made—and as l►e is made--ender all the past and present systems Were I now to descend to particulars: to give a faithful representation in,detail of the errors, inconsistencies, and of the miseries which arise from the existing arrangements of society throughout all its parts; the public mind would he too suddenly enlightened for its own happiness: ignorant and untrained Zs it yet is, it would not retain the requisite patience to allow the change to be gradually effected ; to proceed only as speedily as practical Measures will admit; it would too eagerly press forward to seize the good which in due. time shall be certainly placed within its grasp, and by such over-haste it would injure and destroy many in its course. In s eftecting'this change—and where is the existing mind that can now comprehend its magnitude ?—it is my most ardent wish, my anxious desire, that the least possible irritation should be created; that it should be accomplished without any real injury to ix human beim: Those who possess com prehension of Mind, and sonic practical knowledge of the ex isting state of society, will understand the purport of this lag -7 guage, and will of course act. accordingly. Yes, my friends, full of folly, inconsistency, and‘wretahed nest, so all the existing systems are, they must not be touched by ill-informed and rude hands. A single premature or ill•• advised step, were it now to be taken, might retard our best • founded hoioes, arid deprive some generations yet to come of that happiness which otherwise we and our children shall surely enjoy in no inconsiderable degree. Allay, therefore, your present irritations—do not urge for ward any ill-digested, or rather undigeited plans of prema ture reform; yet attend with all your powers of earnestness to t 1 proceedings which are about to commence, and in the shortest possible time for your own good and for the benefit ' of posterity,-you-shall be re:ieved from the existing miseries; you shall be poi in posf:ssiol! of ull the 'comfortand enjoy ment that canhe.advantageous to human beings. To accomplish; however, thisgrcat end, without injury to: any one, it r is,absolutely nceeva-ry that all the existing- in stitutions should be supported for a time as they are, to en• able theni fo protect, and beneficially direct and controul, the mighty ch Inge which is coming rapidly upon us and upon all nations; from which it is utterly impossible for us to escape; and from which, whin it shall be properly U oder st ood, Rot one of us shall desire to escape : on the contrary, one and all of us will hail it as the harbinger of whatever is good for individual man, and advantageous for him in.hiss'o- Cial capacity. Whun right principles 'are acted upon, it is, and ever will he, unnecessary to deceive the puhlic; the truth may he told for or against any national impressions with advantage to every just danse; and this course shall be now adopted. The present governing Powers of 'Europe and America, with a few unimportant exceptions, are not in reality opposed, to the practical improvement of society ; They wish its ad vance, and, when they shall fully understand how it can be effected, they will not withhold their active assistance. The Ministers of this country—and I.know them well—do not possess sufficient energies ac,d practical knowledge to lead the public mind as it now ought to be led ; and their political opponents possess still less useful, practical, knowledge.— • Statesmen in all countries have yet to learn the principles of the science that will enable them, to govern States so as to snake themselves and the people happy. .But our Ministers possess kind and amiable dispositions, and a real desire to atuelica - ate the condition of all junk.:l,