The Sun. — London, England, 1840-07-07 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION. commenced operations, only to emancipate the West 1 Indian negroes ? He trusted such would be found not to be tko case. The British Government held its sway upwards of one hundred millions, v, .70 were crushed to the earth—deprived of all tii,otivo for exertion, having no means of rising in the moral improvement—subjected to every species of ae iv adatign aid outrage ; and he asked whether that :Fate of things was not calculated to rouse the attention of the aboli.:lonists of Great Britain ? There was an- tether item to which he would refer. It was the nume fa es famines which occurred from time to tima in those eeeis of India subjected to their sway. It was said, and ho believed correctly, that in one year 500,000 per sons had perished of starvation ; and, would to God ''eat the dead bodies had been brought into the city of London, and piled up in hecatombs before their eyes, that their hearts might feel as they ought, and the king dom be moved to the centre ! The streets of Agra were actually blocked up with the dead and the Using, and that occurred in a land of extraordinat y fer tility, upon which God had showered every blessing ; and he would ask must be the state of oppression aebich had producecrach dreadful results? Was there Aything in American slavery worse than that ? ((dear, hear.) The people of Great Britain were re sponsible for that—their garments were stained with blood, and they were guilty of murder daily, hourly, nay, momentarily. He would not stop now to inquire now Great Britain had obtained poesession of India, but recognizing the fact that they had possession, and elaiined to exercise jurisdiction over it, he would turn reaud and tell her that she was responsible for all the epprefeions that were there tolerated. It was for those who knew these facts to cry aloud and spare not. India eirght to have jtfstice—she ought to be delivered trot of the hands of the spoiler. She could be deli eared—she must be delivered, or England would be ezadered infamous in the eyes of the world.—(Hear, Lear.), `Try had no slaves at home--why then should they have them abroad ? Let there be a united and eigorotat effort, and, wider God, there would be a, ge eclat jubilee of the emancipated Indians, with the asalo,ooo coloured freemen of the West Indies.— (Cheers.) The result would be the increase of com mence, civilization, and improvement—it would heap blessings on the English people themselves—it would onfer the blessings of morality and religion upon those he sat in the shadow of the valley of death—and it would take from the American slaveholders the taunt nod rebuke that the English were themselves slave helders.—(Hear, bear.) They should have clean hands before they rebuked those whe were polluted. Let them emancipate the nativesof India, and they would rike a death-blow at slavery all over the world. Teem was no other mode of reaching the evil : they had. tried, by the colonization of Africa, to put an end to !he American slave-trade ; but what had bcfin the re sult ? W as not the slave-trade carried on now to a far greater extent than ever ? Had slavery grown less a Had it not, on the contrary, gone on augmenting con tinually. He wanted to show them what had been the elect of the colonization of Africa, and he would read them a passage from a letter addressed by a missionary et Liberia to the Colonization Society of New York. Mr. Garrison here read extracts from a letter from the ern of the Reverend S. Brown, a :Missionary at Li beria, giving an account of a recent attack by about three hundred nativee e eunder a chief named Goterah, - eon the Methodist 3lissionary station at Heddington King Tom's town), as follows :—" After an hour's : ehtieet, the assailants were repulsed, with the loss of ae:r reader and thirty or forty men, which achieve ment was effected chiefly by two Methodist mission cries and two native converts." . . . . " We were awakened in our town by the firing of a gun about two miles from us ; and, while we were musing on what it could mean, we were again alarmed by the voices of' several of our people exclaiming, War is eeete ! war is come!' Brother Simon Harris got out. of bed immediately, and went out in town. But he returned in about one minute, and told me to be out of bed and load the guns, for war was at hand. I imme diately arose, slipped on my clothes, and was on my knees to ask God to help us. By that time, the enemy was within musket-shot of the mission-house. Brother Harris went down and gave them the first shot, and was answered by ten or tw,lve muskets from the .:nervy, while I was loading muskets in the chamber." . ." In less than one minute they were running up end down the picket fence about three rods from the house, as thick as bees nroand a hive. Brother Ben net Derisory and brother Harris were the only two who stood in front, between the enemy and the house. They bottle:Wood their ground, and cut them down like mowers sting grass. Meanwhile, brother Jarvis Z. Nichols came into the chamber where I was loading musieets (for we had eighteen muskets in the chamber, which we knew would go at every snap, and one hun dred ready made cartridges, and a keg of powder), and pouitd a stream of lead down upon them from the :windows, as fast as two boys could hand him loaded rniuskets. Jo the midst of all this, the enemy broke ti'erough fence, and poured into the yard like bees. Brothers Harris and Dernory now retreated to tire door, is which both stood side by side, about two rods .`'coin them, with two muskets apiece, throwing buck shot into their bowels, hearts, and brains, like a tornado." . „ . " While they were gathering up their dead to take off, I had the best chance of any to tire intro the groups. But they soon slung their shattered and went off as if the wicked one was after them." . . . " The engagement continued one hour and twenty-two minutes. After they were gone, we went out 0,1 the battle-ground ; and although they had car ried off all their dead except three big slap-sided fel 'owe, yet I never saw such a scene before. There was blood and brains in every disection. Oh, the path which they went was one complete gore on both sides ; yea, it stood in puddles. We picked up their fingers by the way-side." :etch was the way in which they had attempted to put :stollen the foreign slave-trade by civilizing elfricf. Let teem, then, have no false reliancef. There were some persons in England who were of opinion that agrcul tare and cisilizition would put an end to the slave-trade to Africa ; but there was this difficulty—that it would take souse time to make the problem clear to the native cl-fiefs of Africa, while at present they knew that ,they would have a kith price for all that they emalil capture. The abolitionists of the United States were all agreed is otiiiiion as to the importance of India. What had been the testimony of their Delegates at the Convention lately held in that room. If they could only get a sup p!y of cotton elsewhere there was an end, a speedy end, to silvery in America. He wished to inform the meet ing of the manner in which the women of America re garded the question. Ile regretted that they had not tizon permitted to speak for themselves in the Anti- Slavery Conveatioa, but he trusted he would give no oTence if he read what they had written.—( Hear.) lie would read them an extract from a letter from the Beaton Female Anti-Slavery Society, whose zeal, intelligence, and self-sacrifice could not be sur pested by any other society in the orid.—(hear.) " A fresh chard hiss been touched by your recent move ment in relation to the affairs of British India. In eaet movement we behold the seeds of crnancip ition far the cepti,es in our Southern States. Let but fertile soil give to England, at the reduced n ice she anticipates, those commodities which are now .lmost wholly the product of the slave—and where is American slavery? . . . Long and anxiously have we zed ueon the horizon, if, perchance, there miglit so soma star, portending brighter and happier tys for the captive, and, lo ! one has arisen in the East, to bid us rejoice in the anticipation of the sundering of his chaff is. . What a blessed work is lo.2fore you! Th., lifting of millioas of oppressed and wretched subjec a front nverty, and the extinction of slavery upon our sod." 'Hey had the testimony of the abalilio ii•ts in the i suited States in their favour, and why then should they not go an ? None were better eh c to nod .rat and th oenedy for the slave-trade than those who the m lees resided on the spot, and who were ill en. lees slave holders. It was stated in a Charleston (South Caro lie i) pewspitper that if Lnglen I could only get a supply co' ten elsewhere for five years there would be an end t ,the cyst in of slavery in America. T. slaveholders nt America wore quaking in view of their sublime inay...- •.iiAtt ; they saw the haedwriting o the will, and lie .sped they had at the meeting a second Dan•el t t inter pret it fir them.—(Loud cheering.) Ile wished to sly of that gentleman, their distinguished friends from Ireland, that the American abolitionists fielt towards him the deepest respect and mist profound gratitude, and if there was any evid.mee want in that he was ptirsuing the right course, he would well him that he had earned the cordial detestation of all the slave-drivers and women-sellers in America (Cheers.) In conclusioh he would say, God bless the British India Society ; God fill the hearts of its mem bors and advocates with hope and courage ; God make them an invincible phalanx and victorious over all oppo sition ; lee - them not be di:mayed, but go forward ; ley had ignorance, party selfishness, and power to con ;ad with--and, as in the Apostolic ages it was the fit • hest evidence of a man's sanctity to he c'nsidered 6 " beside himself," so in the present age to be considered silty of the crim es of fanaticism and incendiarisio l owed filet they had escaped the madness of the times. (Hear, lieu.) Reformers, in a l l age s, had bee n ac cused of wanting to turn the world upside down, but it was because it had been since the apostasy of Egypt wrong side upwards, and men " Played such fantastic tricks before high Heaven, As make even angels weep." La elm not be dismayed, but go forward. They had setice, honour, humanity, and religion on their side, .ad some of the ablest advocates of humanity to go .orth and proclaim their cause, and let them only perse vere, and they would put an end to slavery throughout the would. " Blow ye the trumpet abroad o'er the sea, hovels has triumphed, the bondmen are free! ea - xit ! for, the pride of the tyrant is broken, His scourges and fetters, all clotted with blood, aro wrenched from his grasp ; for the word was but spoken. And scourges ■nd fetters were sunk in the flood ! Slow ye the trumpet abroad o'er the see, Jehovah has triumphed, and INDIA is free 1" Mr. JOIIN Dunor, of Edinburgh, seconded the motion. He had heard in America the glad tidings the emancipation of the West India slaves. He had traversed the gorge of the beautiful Tennessee ; he had crossed the Ohio, and had floated down the waters of the mighty Mississippi, and then he had turned his eyes across to his own silver seagirt sle, and had asked what had England done for America in the way o' liberty, or what steps had she taken to put an end to the sys tem that cursed and oppressed that nation? Let them then do justice. Of this he was certain, that if they followed the advic , : of his friend who bad gone MoreL that if they should consecrate the soil of India to free labour, and put down oppression there, they would find that justice was power, and would lead to the health, happiness, and prosperity of the empire.—(Cheers.) The Report was then unanimously adopted. A. J. LEWIS, Esq., Barrister-at-law, said, he wa called upon very unexpectedly to propose the next re solution which was as follows : " That the Government and the people of this Em pire are responsible to the civilized world for the maintenance and administration of British rule in India, on such principles as shall promote the happi- ness and improvement of the native population." The duty involved in this resolution was so obvious, and, he was sure, would so recommend itself to the consciences and feelings of all, that he felt it would lie superfluous in him to say anything in its recommenda tion. We had been long in possession of India—we had made India subservient to our purposes—through the medium of India we had increased our wealth, ad- vanced our power, and extended our commercial enter. prise ; but while we had been in pursuit of these ob jects of aggrandizement, what had we returned to India in gratitude for these great advantages ? (Hear, hear.) Had we cherished its agricultural resources or its conarnereial resources? He was sorry to answer No. Look to the state of agriculture in India at this moment, bowed dawn beneath the burthen of taxation until the Indian labourer was scarcely able to maintain himself.—(Hear, hear.) Look to its commercial re sources. Once how flourishing they were, but now, by our mismanagement, perfectly annihilated.— (Hear, hear.) The principle of this Society was, to endea vour, in every possible way, to promote the happiness of the Indian community. It was for this reason he was a member of the Society. But among the many ingenious schemes that had been proposed for this great purpose, he thought there was one that had °been greatly neglected—he meant those social and domestic means by which the happiness of the people of this country was promoted to so great an extent. He would not say more than that, on these grounds, lie felt great pleasure in proposing this resolution.--(Hear.) H. D. STANTON, Esq., of New York, said he also was unexpectedly called to second the resolution just sub mitted to the meeting, but he must say he was happy to stand on that platform to advocate what he understood to be the objects of the British India Society. He understood these to be two fold. The abolition of shivery throughout their East India possessions ; and the general introduction among them of civilization, and the ruts. Now this resolution laid down the proposition that the people and Goverament of England were responsible to the ci vilized world for the maintenance and administration of the British rule in India, on such principles as would promote the happiness of the native population. In ad vocating this proposition, he might perhaps betray the fact that he came from a land where the doctrine was promulgated that all men were created equal, and, there fore, lay down in supporting it another proposition, namely, that the only ground on which Great Britain had a right to govern India was the carrying out the great and glorious principle avowed in the resolution. He did not stand there, as an American, but as a man, to assert that all men have an inalienable right to liberty and the pursuit of happiness.—(Cheers.) He did not say this great truth was first delivered in America. It was coeval with the creation of man ; for God had incorporated it into his very nature when he made him a moral agent, and, as such, responsible for his acts.—(Cheers.) Their declaration of independence (which, he was sorry to say, had not been sufficiently carried into practice,) had been thrown out, and borne abroad upon the winds of heaven, and declared not only that all men were created equal, and entitled to equal rights, but that, in order to secure these rights, all just Governments existed among men, and that they were in stituted to secure certainly not the advancement and ho nour of the Governors so much as the rights and hap piness of the governed. Now, in support of this prin ciple, he would lay down the proposition, that when Great Britain refused to govern India on the prin ciple expressed in this resolution, that moment her right to govern India ceased. He should be par , coned for his American resolution. The very ground taken by those who separated themselves fram Great Britain in that contest was, that in carrying out the government of their colonies, they had not duly con sulted the rights and happiness of the people, and he took upon himself to say that if the revolution in America was justifiable in the eye of the civilized world, so if the people of India were badly governed, he apprehended a revolution would be justifiable there. lie believed it was a fact admitted that India was badly governed. He was sorry to be compelled to assert that Great Britain had joined in the great crusade which seemed to have been undertaken by one portion of the world against th.e rights, the interests, and the happiness of the coloured race. Since the spirit of op pression was first incorporated in man at the fall, it had grown with his growth, and strengthened with his strength, and when it looked forth to see on what ob ject it might pounce, it did not select men of its own colour, but a coloured race—men whose only crime was " a skin, not coloured like his own." The history of all nations proved that there had been a great cru sade against the happiness of the coloured race. They had speculated in humanity throughout the world, and Great Britain was not alone in making instalments for carrying on these unrighteous and inhuman specu lations. Having made these remarks which might, perhaps, be deemed somewhat severe, he would proceed try state what lie was certainly willing to admit, that, generally speaking, wherever Great Britain had carried her conquests, she had carried also arts, civilization, and Christianity.—( Hear, hear.) He believed the institutions of Great Britain, in this respect, covered her with brighter glory than all the achieve ments of her armies and navies, and that such institu tions as the British and Foreign Bible Society, the British India Society, the British and Foreign Anti- Slavery Society, and the great movement that had been mada in this country during the last forty years fur the abolition of the slave trade, had done more to surround the British name with lustre throughout the world, than her proud achieverneats at Trafalgar and Water. loo—(Chesrs.) Great Britain had not been content with reform at home, at a great expense she had sent it out to the West India islands She had ameliorated her g,oyerninant in Canada, and in this she had done right ; for the Canadians would elude her grasp unless she bestawed on them the rights they considered as inalienably theirs. The only way to retain them was to give them their rights ( Hear, hear.) ILI remembered hearing a gentleman who was called the leader in the House of Commons, s my that, however lie might differ from those he termed the Opposition, he would so conduct the Government, as o bind together the empire in all parts of the world. '['lien take care, was his (Mr. S's.) admonition to him. They needed reform at borne ; but they wanted it equally in India.— (Cheers.) One hundred and fifty millions of souls they governed there, and were these to be thrown be yond the pale of their sympathies ? Great Britain might exert her power there ; but it would hasten or ratand the progress of her foreign government as she carried out the principle recognised in time resolution. A gentleman had alluded to the benefits India had conferred on England. Why were cur merchants princes ? On account of their trade with India. Whence was her splead agriculture':—and why did she stand as the head of the world, but because the wealth of Lelia was poured at her feet ? Arid was it a fair requital for the benefits India had conferred on her to be thus governed—(Hear, hear)—that in a land whele? God had bestowed his bounty hi such profusion —a land that might bud and blossom with the very hues of Eden, thousands and tens of thousands were doomed to starvation ? Oh, the curse of such a Government ! The only apology for it was, that it was far removed from the Home Achninistrati:in. Let Great Brita'n look abroad, as she was bound to do—let her carry out the principle of the resolution. She held there one million of slaves. While his friend had been speaking he (Mr. Staunton) was unavoidably absent, and did not know, therefore, whether he had touched on the subject of American slavery ; but it was necessary to remark on the inconsistency of Great Britain in per mitting slavery in India. Some in that meeting had not forgotten the great debate between his friend George Thompson and the Rev. Mr. Breckinhridge, of America, at Glasgow. In this argument his friend was, as they would expect, completely successful ; but the only reason why that debate did not come across the Atlantic in tones of thunder was, that Mr. Breekinbridge retorted on his friend time govt. rnment of Great B-itain over the inhabitants of India. And hire let him say that so long as Great Britain hell slaves in India she blotted out the brilliancy that surrounded her example in the West Indies ; therefore, if silo had any regard for time rights of the three millions of American slaves, he asked her to abolish slavery in her East Indian posiessions.—(llear, hear.) Why, it appeared, and was immediately believed, that the system of government in the East Indies would tolerate all the tyranny in the world, from the broad and splendid despotism of Russia, to the mean, creep ing, and petty tyranny of the American t l ave h o ld er. ! Again, the motives of Great Brit min in the abolition I of slavery in the West India Colonies were much impugned, and it would, perhaps, amuse therm to hear the American apologist of slavery account for it. Il e said that Great Britain had always hated the Aisle ' ricans since the revolutionary war—that she had hated them to 1812, when they had again engaged in war, I and from thence until the present time ; that her object in emancipation was not motives of humanity, nor regard for the principles of freedom, but simply a desire to injure the prosperity of . America ; and that by emancipating 800,000 slaves in her immediate THE guN s LONDON, TUESDAY, JULY 7, 1810. neighbourhood they sought to trouble the Amerlean slaveowner—that if this were not so, why did she not emane;pate her slaves in the East Indies ? and that it' America had been near the British posseslions in India she would have left her West India slaves as they were s sure. and abolished slavery in 111 e. East Indies to trouble America.—(Laughter.) This might seem absurd, but it was an argument urged against the American aboli tioniits, and it was their duty to remove this obstacle out of their way, that thee might have a free colt-se in America, and that their principles might 'here run and b.; glorified.—(Cheers.) Again, England was at pur chaser of America to the amount of thirteen millions annually for cotton. She had therefore the power to touch them in a most sensitive part—to wit, the pocket. Thirteen millions was a splentlea bribe. England had only paid twenty millions to prevent a revolution in Jamaica, and did any one ask what bearing this had on the subj.ct of British India ? The answer was there was a land where tea millions of acres capable of raising cotton for the whole civilized and uncivi lized world—cotton enough to cover the world with bales ; let it be raised then under the fostering care of the Government—let a duty such as that on American cotton be put upon it, and let it be brought to Liver pool, and it would be found that thou;h his ears were stuffed with it, in all appeals to his feelings or his sympathies, they would be open to the effect which , such a competition would produce. The British India Society was the brightest star in the galaxy which would put down slavery, and therefore he bade them God speed. The resolution was then put and carried unanimously. Dr. BOWRING said he came forward most cheerfully to propose another resolution for the acceptance of the meeting, but he felt embarrassed because it was impos sible for him to take up new ground from that taken by former speakers. He felt a deep sense of the great re sponsibility attaching to those who were called upon to consider the interests of 150,000,000 millions of our fel low-subjects. He also felt deep shame at being enabled to state the few benefits which had been conferred upon them. It, in a country like this, there were to be found 10,000 men like the Chairman, actuated by his zeal, his philanthrophy, and so devoted to the interests of the natives of India—if such men were to be found even in hundreds, the grievances of India would long crc that time have been redressed.—(Cheers.) it was said they were a civilized, a religious, ant an instructed nation ; what of all those blessings had they conferred upon India? The inhabitants of that fine, that noble country were not to be . . compared even to the Swiss, upon his bleak and barren mountains. We were a large commercial nation—had we even extended the humanizing and civilizing blessings of commerce to India ? Let them compare our trade with India with that of other nations—aye, even with nations with whom we can only trade by permission, and under the regulations of their Governments. This was an agri cultural nation. What a picture did India present ! Pos sessing boundless tracts of land with every shade of cli mate, fit for the beat productions of the earth, yet men perishing by thousands and hundreds of thousands ! We boasted of our religion—he did not mean the form and words which too many considered as the essence of Chris. tianity, but the true spirit of Christianity—had we im parted any of it to the natives of India? No, alas! we heard much more of the complainings of those poor natives than of their gratitude. We professed to be s well-governed nation, and well acquainted with the prin ciplea of liberty, which we highly prized—had they given that liberty to India—had they made justice easily ac cessible ?—had they made it cheap ?—could the natives of that country easily and speedily obtain justice or re dress? Alas, no. They saw the evidence that they had now before them—of men who had come thousands of miles as suppliants, he believed up to the present me. ment unsuccessful suppliants, for justice. Had we imparted to her the blessings of commerce ? No, on the con trary, we had ruined that which she before commenced. It was not mar.y years since India supplied almost every European nation with cotton cloths—now, by the improvements of machinery, we supplied her with our fa brics. Then would they not at all events take from her the raw material ? We could not sit down to table, or put on our wearing apparel without being indebted to India for something ; then surely it was the duty of this country to encourage her natives in the growth of an article which would give them employment and prevent their starvation. It was with much pleasure ho moved the resolution as follows : " That the employment of proper means to call forth the resources of England, give activity to her industry and add to the comfort and prosperity of all classes of her population." D. T URNBULL, Esq., seconded the motion. He felt deeply interested in the welfare of India; but be sup ported the Society most warmly, because he believed its efforts would prove a great blow to slavery in America. The resolution was unanimously agreed to. Weerneee Nimes, Esq., of Boston, said a resolution had been put into his hands, and it was with pleasure that he would propose it to the meeting. He would confine his remarks to that portion of the resolution which applied to his own country and the effect of the cultivation of cotton in British India upon slavery in the American States. It was now ten years since the friends of the negro in that country first put forth the demand for the unconditional abolition of slave' y—they thought that they would have nothing more to do than to show that emancipation would be safe—that it would be just, and, having proved that, that it would, in such a liberty-loving; country, at once be cordially and willingly acceded to in every State from Maine to Georgia, but, at the end of the long period of ten years, they had done almost nothing. I-lad it not been for their perseverance and z.al, the more devoted because of the difficulties they had met with, long long ago they would have been put down—they must have folded their arms in despair—they had given up all hope of bloodless emancipation. When they heard of the • British India Society and its objects, it burst upon their car, and was as startling and as grateful as must have been the first cry of land to Columbus when he was plunged almost its despair—(Cheers)—they through it saw again a peaceful hope for the slave, and then every friend of abolition rallied round it and placed their plan prominently before the country. Many at first doubted, they deemed it but one more of the many fables to which India had given rise—they deemed it a very fiction, but he trusted through the exertions of the So ciety they would find it " Truth severe, in fairy fiction dressed."—(Cheers.) If it was a fact that there were .4,000,000 of acres within reach of the Ganges upon which cotton could be grown now lying waste—il it were true that there were 54,000,000 million; of men anxious for labour, and that their services could be got for I.f. or 2d. a-day, if they could bring their cotton to Liverpool at 41. per lb., how could slavery stand against it at the cost of Is. a-day ? Commerce was ineompatlle with slavery ;in this country it had put down the system of villeinage; in France it put an end to vassalage ; it had done more than Chris tianity, of which it was a good fore-runner. It was one ef the most immutable of truths that the moment a free hand touched any article, that moment it tell front the hand of the slave, witness the beet sugar of France ; the moment it was made her West India Colonists applied for protection against the eternal principles of of corn nerce and free dom.—( Pear, hear.) And so it was with indigo. Fehr. trimly it was all slave produce; now not one ounce of it was. Ile need not give further r xamplcs, for the princi ple was as immutable as the laws of nature. No article could ha grown aed menufactuied at the same time by both free and slave labour. The fathers of his country had thought in the settlement of their independence they had put down slavery ; but unfortunately, in 1736, when it was about to cease, a sale!l bag of cotton seed wan found in Carolina ; it was almost by accident put into the ground, and it was found that cotton could be grown, and so slavery was perpetuated. Slavery could only be main tained by monopoly ; the moment she came into compe tition with free labour t she died. Cotton wes the corner stone of slavery in America ; remove it, and slavery would eceivo its mortal blow—( Hear. ) lie was glad to see such a Society grow up in the land of Clarkson and of Wilberforce, the great fathers of anti-slavery. Ile wee glad that Englatid was awakening to a sense of her power, arid he prayed God that she would rouse herself as one man, arid exert that peer for the sake of humanity ell over the world. It was not the f.ellt of America that slavery existed, it was the fault of Engleed that bribed her with 14,000,000/. a year, and it was the price of cotton in the Liverpool market that signed the death-warrant of the poor sl 1 , 1C3. - ( ) There were a class of m, - n in America that would not listen to the voice of an angel, or to one risen fr urn the dead. The denunciation; of O'Connell were nothing to them while the balance was on tie right side of the 1,4.1 ,- 2, - ur —:hey must have anti-slavery preached in their counting-houses, or it. would never be preached at all.—( Cheers.) The only voice they would listen to was the G iz.atte that published them bankrupts, and the auctioneer that knocked down their houses to the highest bidder. It was England that delayed that day by paving them 14,000,000/. annually for their support ( hiear, hear.) 100 per cent. profit was better than the most eloquent lips that ever spoke. The meeting might think it sti antic for an American to speak thus of a system which was to make bankrupt one half of his country, and to paralyze the ether; but though he loved his country, he loved his countrymen more, and these countrymen were the coloured men of America —(Cheers.) For their s skes he would say, " Welcome the bolt which smiles our cote inerce to the dust, if with it, by the blessing of God, it will strike off the fetters of the slave."—(Cheers. ) But he did not fear British India. Free Americas from the incubus of slavery, and her beautiful prairies would beat the banks of the Ganges. Free Aeaerioa front the incubus of slavery, and Yankee skill in the fruitful valleys of the south, would beat England and British India in any mar ket in the world. lie begged permission to read to the meeting the authority of one who would justly be con sidered as a far higher authority than any who had spoken from that platform, and he would observe that this was not an efteiethought. It was not a new project, for years back it had the devoted advocacy of Cropper, and fifteen years ago Clarkson, in a private letter to a friend, had suggested it as the only remedy for slavery in the translantie world The meeting would pardon him fur reading a portion of the speech the venerable Clarkson bad prepared in writing, and had intended to deliver at the opening of the General ' Anti-Slavery Convention My dear friends, you have a most difficult task to perform ; it is neither more nor less than the extirpation of slavery from the whole world. Your opponi Mg Who a ppear the most formidable, are the cotton and other planters in the southern parts of the United States ; who, I am grieved to say, hold more than two millions of their fellow-creatures in the most cruel bondage. Now we know of these men, that they are living in the daily habits • i enjus t e es cr uelty, and oppression, and may be therefore said t o have nu true fear of God, nor any just sense of re ligion. You cannot therefore expect to have the same hold upon the consciences of these as you have upon the consciences of others. flow then can you get at these so as to influence their conduct. There is but one way ; you must endeavour to meke them feel their guilt in its consequences. You must endeavour, by all justifiable means, to affect their temporal interests. You must en deavour, among other things, to have the produce of fn e tropical lab our brought into the markets of Europe, and ur.dersell them 0-era—and if you can do this, your victory _ " N,Av that thif;is po3iible, that this may be done, there is no qufstion. The East India Company alone ean do it of the.nseivcs, nod they can do it by means that are pet fcctly moral and pacific, according to )cur own princi ples, namely, by the cultivation of the earth aarl hy the employment of free labour. They may, if they please, not only have the high honour of abolishing slavery and the slave trade, but the advantage of increasing their re venue beyond all calculation ; for, in the first place, they base land in tit( it possession twenty times more than equal to the supply of all Europe with tropical produce; in the second place, they can procure, not tins of thousands, hut tens of m•llions of free la!rlourers to work ; in the third, from a pe nn y t o threc-lialf what is of the greatest consequence in this case, the price wit a h y. thes N‘ e l i a s t o; s rLy very can stand a ga i ns t these prices? o p f en la c lu e )o pe r r day. I learn, too, from letters which I have seen from India, and from the Company's own reports, that they have long been engaged—shall I say providentially engaged—in pre paring seeds' for the cultivation of cotton there. Now if we take into consideration all these previous preparations (by which it appears that they are ready to start), and add to this the consideration that they could procure, not teas of thousands, but tens of millions of free labourers to work —I speak from authority—l believe that if they would follow up their plans heartily and with spirit, according to their means, in the course of six years they would materially affect the price of this article at market, and in twelve that they would be able to turn the tide completely against the growers of it in the United States. " And here I would observe that this is not a visionary or fanciful statement. Look at the American newspapers ; look at the American pamphlets which have conic out upon this subject ; look at the opinion of the celebrated Judge Jay on this subject also ; all, all confess, and the planters too confess—but the letter with fear and trem bling—that if the East India Company should resolve upon the cultivation of tropical products in India, and carry it to the extent to which they would be capable of carrying it —it is all over with American slavery. " Gentlemen, I have mentioned these circum stances, not with a view of dictating to you any particular plan of operations, but only to show you the possibility of having your great object accomplished, and this to its fullest extent ; for what I have said relative to the United States is equally appli cable to Cuba, Brazil, and other parts of the South Ame rican Continent; and, besides, the East India Company have twenty times more land than is sufficient to enable them to compete with them all." The proprietors and conductors of the American news papers, to which Mr. Clarkson referred, were the agents of the banks and the agents of the slaveholders. It was not their policy to endeavour to raise and secure a high price in the market of Liverpool, for fear the eyes of Great Britain should be turned to her posses sions in the East, where, as they expressed it, there were no doubt exhaustless resources for the cultivation of cot ton ; for they saw that if the attention of Great Britain were directed to that quarter, America would lose the market and slavery together.—( Hear, hear,) Twice had they thought the death-blow was given to the system in America, and twice had they been disappointed ; but, in conclusion, he would say, take care that, in carrying out this plan, the protection thrown over India did not bring forth into life weeds as well as flowers—take care that that system did not gather strength with the rest of their Institutions, which would be strengthened in India ; and that it did not, as it had done in America, monopolise the resources of another world in the East. That was the only danger that could be anticipated in the progress of the Society. In conclusion, he would sly, take care, that in driving cotton from our shores, you admit not a single pound that is equally blood-stained with our own. lie concluded by moving the following resolution : " That the development of the resources of British In dia is calculated to produce important moral and social effects, both on the people of the British West Indies and on those of the United States of America—on the former by supplying the deficient quantity of sugar required for the consumption of England, and thereby confirming and securing the salutary effects of the Act of E mancipation, and on the latter, by enabling the free-grown cotton of India successfully to compete with the cotton of America, and thereby leading to the natural and peaceful extinction of American slavery." The Rev. J. Cr,ARKE, of Jamaica, seconded the reso lution. He was happy to find that the iniquitous laws which had been passed by the Legislature of Jamaica would not be adopted without some very important alterations. With regard to America, he sincerely hoped that crc long an end would be put to that evil system which prevailed to so great an extent throughout that interesting country. Mr. O'CoNezar. then rose to propose the next resolu tion, and was received with great applause. Ile never felt more anxious to make an impressive and interesting speech, and yet he never felt more unequal to the task than he was at that moment. It was not from want of voice or inclination —it was not for want of informa tion, for he had it in abundance, but the overwhelming im portance of the subject pressed upon his mind and op pressed him.—( Cheers.) Ile stood there the advocate of 150,000,000 of misgoverned human beings—natives of die most productive climates upon the face of the earth, who ought to be in prosperity and comfort, and under the British banner enjoying freedom—(Hear) —but who were worse then slaves, and rendered beggars by oppression.—( Cheers.) The importance of the sub ject was still the greater, because it was not as yet under stood in England. Few were acquainted with its details, few were even acquainted with its effects, and thus, in the ignorance of the English mind there was spread abroad an apathy which was appalling to those who really under stood the question, and, it, his firm belief, was really cri minal.—( Hear, hear.) Their lion. Chairman had said that they were not there as the antagonists of the East India Company. No ; but they were there to urge its duties on the Company, and in a friendly way he would accuse them of having hitherto neglected that duty.— ( Hear, hear, and a laugh ) He had come there, he would confess, at once to prefer a bill of indictment against the Company.—( Hear.) He had come there like an old lawyer, as lie was, with the counts of his indictment sufficiently' drawn out. He would arraign the East India Contpany of a neglect of their duties. He would arraign them of having had recourse to a systena of policy which had led to the misery and oppression of the; native in habitants of India.—( Hear, hear.) But he would put together the counts of his indictment in a more tidy and business-like form.—(A laugh.) He arraigned them for their monopolies—he arraigned them next for their de fective police, and their delays or denial of justice. He arraigned them again for the monstrous iniquity of' their resumption laws ; and lastly, but above all, he arraigned them for their wholesale plunder of the land revenue.— ( Hear, bear.) There was first, then, their unjust mono polies ; secondly, their refusal of justice ; thirdly, the ini quity of their resumption laws; and, fourthly, the whole system of the land revenue, He might, however, be first asked why he forgot the subject which had principally brought them together that day. He did not forget it, but he wished to leave the slavery question to the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society. That was their particular province—that was emphatically their duty— ( Hear) — and he would take the proper opportunities of pressing the subject on the notice of that body, lie should observe, however, that the evils of slavery could not be exaggerated. They had boasted of the liberality of their grant of twenty millions for the extinction of slavery, They had boasted that they had emancipated 800,000 human beings in their colonic?, and the boast w•a= a proud and a glorious enc. lie believed that no other nation on the face of the earth had paid as WO a price for the advancement of the in terests of humanity as the English nation hail done in its grant of twenty millions. But what he tweeted was, that they should get full value for the money. They had yet :rot but half o f it, they had got but Mt. in the pound.— ( Hear, hear.) They lied liberated Soo,eoo slaves in the colonies, but there was still a million of slaves in the East Indies, whose liberation was yet to be aecom lished.— ( Hear, hear. ) Aral on that subject he could not allow the East India Cmnpany to pass scot-fete, for, in the de bates in the House of Commons on the Emencipetion the East Lelia Company desire that no clause should be introduced compellinl them to emancipate the slaves in India. They had entered into some details of family arrangements in I i:ra, for the Purpose o f showing that there would be considerable delicacy in dealing with the case of fernale slaves, and they prayed the [louse of Commons to leave the subject in their own hands, while they prondsed that they would take it up and abolish slavery :re far as lay in their potter, but what had they done? They had dine just tiothing—(Laughter)—and if they could have done loos they would have done it.—( Renewed leughter.) Slavery still continued in tee East Indies, but he would content hiais if with telling them the amount of slaves there, and with telling - them an instance of the stay in which they were treated. The amount of slaves in India, according to a Parliamentary return, was in all 80 . 0,000, but he should observe that the number was underrated by at least 200.000, so that they had, as tie had before stated, 1,000,000 of slav es at present in the East Indies. Ile would next read a passage taken from a newspaper pub lished in India, for the purpose of showing th e use made of slaves there, The Hon. G e ntlemen then read the fol lowing passage front a peonphlet entitled " East India Slavery Theft is common throughout Ranighur, but murder more prevalent among a particular class, which are the slaves possessed by persons inhabiting the mountainous and inaccessible interior, and of r avage and ferocious Whe n Petty disputes occur, these slaves are compelled by their masters to perpetrate any enormity, and are more esp ec i a ll y ~,,,-,p7oyed for the purpose:7, of assassination I Any hesitation or repugnance on the part of the slave, is attended with immediate death, which is equally his fat e should lie fail ha the attempt. if he succeed, he is sought out by efficers of Government, and executed as a murderer." That extract was one of undoubted authority, and he gave it not that they might learn the e ntire case from it, hut that they might have sonic idea of what slavery was in India. Ile would not, however, f,llow up that topic, be cause, as he had said before, there was another body orga nised fur inquiry into it. But be was glad to have the op portunity of announcitt ,, the facts he had stated in order to direct public: attention to the matter. Ile believed that if the attention of the p i e o f England wa s turne d to the question, slavery in peo pl e would nut last touch longer.— ( Hear, hear.) - lie would return to his indictments against the East India thatf! they Company', y Let him p reface his observa tions by statinghad heard much of the cheapness of labour in India, they l Ir“l heard much of the fertility of the soil and the cliett.tcs a— s with whic h cotton could be pro duced in I n di , it P could be produced, he believed, at one eighteenth of it s nice in America. Why then producecil S o mething might be attri buted to the want of industry and commercial spirit, but there should be something else to account for such a circumstance. There must have been something like mis government in India. The strongest proof of mis,.,_eovern ment in any nation was that its resources remnined para lysed, and that the bounties of Providence were allowed to become unproductive by the unkindness of man.— ( Hear, hear. ) 11e would come more immediately to liis first indictment. He accused the East India Company of monopolies. Those monopolies were two in number_. the monopoly:of opium and that of salt. With regard to the monopoly of opium, need be ask them whether those were guilty in the eyes of God and man who cultivated that horrible and intoxicating poison ?--a poison, which in its eff,!cts was destructive alike to the human frame and to the human mind ; and he believed there was no greater cause why this country has engaged in another war, and accumulating another debt, and preducing all: those mis. chievous consequences which fellow from war on the pre sent and future generations.—( Hear.) lie thought that was enough to produce a conviction of the crimes of the East India Company in relation to that subj2et. But, in addition, it made the inhabitants of India perish for want of food. The East India Company did not allow them to tili their land for the growth of human food in the most fertile districts, by compelling them to cult'vas e the poppy, for which they did not afterwards allow them to get their own price, but took it from them at the loves possible value that could be given. On the charge of a monopoly of opium, he would therefore say that the Company were guilty, and he thought that the verdict would be re-echoed by all England. He would next pass to the monopoly of salt. That was a monopoly of one of the first necessaries of life, as salt was an indispenEible ingredient in human food, and especially in India. The food there consists principally of vegetables, which, without salt, were a slow and consuming poison. Perhaps, then, the East India Company would take care that such a necessary could be easily provided. Perhaps they had salt mines, which they: work carefully ? No such thing. The bounty of Provi dence had murk salt the cheapest article that could be imagined, and the waves as they retired left it on the shores. It was most abundantly given by Providence, but it was most atrociously monopolised by the East India Company. He had statistical details to show how high a price the natives were obliged to pay for salt, which he did not think it necessary to submit to their considera tion. Ile could show them, that the traffickers in it adulterated it, and by that means ruined its qua lity ; and lie could equally show them, that the entire system which 'elated to the sale of salt was one of cruelty and rigour ; ant, in short, one of enormous crime. —( Hear, hear.) The • article the most necessary to the nutrition of the people was seized on by the Go vernment, and doled out at an extravagant price, while the natives were left to perish for a want of proper sus tenance. They could not estimate the extent of the evil which he complained of, but they might easily conceive what would be the consequence if in this country a mono poly of the farming produce was placed in the hands of any body, and if that body was allowed to tell the farmers that they should sow wheat there, or barley in another place, and that they should not bring their produce to the market where they might get the highest price, but where their rulers might choose ; and if in addi tion the salt in this country was doled out to the inhabi tants at a monopoly price. He would say emphatically, that if such a state of things existed in England, this country, however proud she might now be of her wealth or her commerce, would soon sink into a pitiful province, and the misery of India would be the prototype of that which would exist in tWs country. He hoped that his charge of monopoly, on both hands, would be admitted to have been proved. The monopoly existed in point of fact, and in point of principle it could not be defended. The mono poly of opium was heinous in its principle, and the mono poly of salt was atrocious in its operation. He would next come to the police, and to the administration of jus tice in India. lie had details which might show the ex traordinary distance of the different judicial districts from each other, and the difficulty of obtaining justice there, as well as the enormous expense which attended the most simple prosecutions. But he would read a passage from an Indian Newspaper, which would supersede any ne cessity for a speech of his on the subject. The Honourable Gentleman then read the following ex tract from a Newspaper published at Serampore :—" A robbery is now so every day an occurrence, that it ceases to attract attention, except when accompanied with cir cumstance: of peculiar atrocity. Bengal, and more espe cially that portion of it which forms the circle round the metropolis, is one unvaried scene of outrage and plunder. No property is any longer considered as secure. To such a degree of audacity have the disturbers of the public peace attained, that in a variety of instances their depre dations are carried on by torch light, as if in utter mockery of the police. The evil increases day by day. The papers teem with reports of the most daring robberies committed by large bodies of armed men, under the very eye of the public officers. The disturbers of the public peace are no longer confined to those of the lowest caste; men of aris tocratic birth and pretensions will be found in almost every instance to be the abetters, if not the contrivers, of these plundering expeditions. A grand organization of robbers has grown up In the country,- which embraces men of all classes ; and it is daily increasing in strength and audacity. There arc regular receiving houses, kept by men whose respectability of appearance would lull the suspicion even of an infinitely more efficient police than any of which the country can boast. And as the efforts of the State have failed to secure to the people the pri mary blessing of a civilised Government—security of pro perty—it is not to be wondered at if the people should be gin to lose confidence in the institutions under which they live. This mistrust is no longer veiled under indistinct murmurs, but is beginning to be boldly avowed in the native papers of this Presidency. It is openly asserted, week after week, that whatever other blessings the British Govern ment may have conferred on the country, it has failed in its efforts to give adequate protection to life and property." It appeared from that extract that the oppressors of the inhabitants of India were of two classes—the robbers plundered them by night, and the police-officers plundered them by day.—( Hear, hear, and a laugh.) Those things occurred, too, in districts under the immed'ate eye of the Government, and the extract lie had read showed what the robbers spared the police gleaned away. If there were a civilized portion in India it would be that to which the extract referred; the passage, therefore, showed how the East India Company deserted their duty in not afford ing sufficient protection to the unfortunate inhabitants. Again, therefore, he would call far a verdict of guilty on that head.—( Hear, hear.) He would next come to the resumption laws, and those laws appeared to him to be of the most iniquitous nature. Land was field at present in India by the payment of a land-tax, which was an other name for rent. Under the Hindoos all land was considered as the property of the Government which re - ceived about one quarter of the produce. The Mussel mans afterwards received one-third, but the English now claimed one-half. The East India Company insisted, in addition, to being paid . in money, which became a source of great inconvenience to the natives. There were, be sides, large districts all over India free from any assess ment. But hove had the East India Company acted on that subject. There had been a permanent settlement made in the year 1793, but it was then agreed that an in ves igation should be entered into as to the title of those who held their ~land free from the payment of any tax. That investigation, however, bad been delayed till the year 1836, so that for a period of more than forty years the parties in question enjoyed their estates, and those estates had been transferred from hand to hand, so that the present occupiers were assignees three times told of persons who held the land in 1793. The holders, however, in the year 1836 had b.. , en called on to produce their title to the land. Could any proceeding be more cruel or unjust than that? But that was not all ; the Statute of Limitation in India was limited to thirteen years, so that any one who held his land during that period could claim it as his. The Government recognised that princi ple in the payment of rent ; and they said that any parties who gout paid it for thirteen years might pay it for ever. But they applied a different principle with regard to those parties who held land free front assessment, so that per sons who had been thirty or forty years without payment of any tax, were refused the benefit of the Statute of Limit ation. And yet that was what ayes called British justice— that was the mariner in which the English had treated the unhappy inhabitants of those districts where they ought to have been protected a, d fostered. They sent out, it appeared, commissioners appointed by themselves to inves tigate the t ides of the occupiers of land ; but they left the natives without any tribunal to which they could appeal. The result of that was that 800 estates had been forfeited. If such events had occurred in England ho .x few of the present generation would be able to substantiate the title to their properties? It should be remembered that the worthy commissioners called on the parties to produce the titles 1411101 they hell for forty years before. They called on men who had lived in 1793 to defend their tights in 1837 ; so that in their proceedings all that was ridiculous was mixed up with all that was roost atrocious. It could no longer be an object of surprise that the inhabitants of India hail not accumulated capital, and that they had not increased in weal]) as they should have doue under Biiti:ll rule. The history of those transactions reminded him of what had occurred in his Oen country at the beginning of the reign of Charles the First: That monarch had ordered Lord S:affurd to institute a com mission of inquiry into defective titles in Ireland. Lord Stafford had sent out Judges to whom he assigned ss. in the pound on all the money that they should raise by the discovery of defective titles. The Judges we,e thus bribed against the parties whose claims they were to try. It happened that a jury in the county of Roscommon found a verdict on one occasion against the Crown ; and the jurors were seized on, in consequence, and taken up to Dublin, where they were fined five hundred pounds far the verdict they had given. Two troops of horse were added as "good lookers on" by Lord Stafford. There were plenty of them in India, ant it was the remedy always. It was so in Ireland, but to be sure is did not prosper in that case, for Lord Stafford lost his head upon the seaffald. Rebellious and sanguinary ware followed, and who would tell him that that would not happen in India ?—(llear and cheers.) Were they not human beings, sensible to injustice, and as ready to re ce i ve arid respond to good treatment as the British people them selves? These commissioners, wno had been sent out to search for defective titles, were the greatest among all the calamities that had befallen India. NVl:at was the first thing to provide for in order to induce the people to accumulate capital ? Why to make these titles secure, and be bad shown that the very opposite was the course taken by the Secret Committee of Three of the East India Com pany. He thought he bad demonstrated to them the in justice of the conduct of the East India Company, for nothing could be more base and unjust than tak ing tip that limitation in their favour, and refusing to allow it when it told against them. It was not carrying out the Christian maxim of doing unto others as they would be done by. The iniquity of the proceed ing was plain and palpable, and he wanted time to dwell at greater length upon it. Injustice and the insolent pre tence of domination had never been so atrociously and perseveringly urged. Guilty then of the third count, and he defied them to plead either common sense or justice for the smallest chance of mitigating the public judgment against them.--( Hear, hear.) But the greatest evil, the giant evil was the laud revenue. He had already told them how the Ilindoos and the Mussulmans treated the natives. In 1793 Lord Cornwallis gave the Zemindars a fixed rent, which they were to levy from the natives. In fixing the rate he thought little of the people, whom he left entirely out of his considera' ion, and made it one to suit the aristocracy ; but even then, although the rate was much too high, tho principle of permanency which was attached to it enabled the proprietors to realize handsome properties. But under the present system a man was sent out to collect the tax, who was to state how much it was to be. What reason ' could there be in such a case? If a man laid out capital in the cultivation of his land his rent was raised, and the more he laid out the higher he was charged. Were these things known in England ?—( Hear, hear.) He was sure they were not, for if they were, they would appear so un favourable to British humanity that he did not think the East India Company would be allowed to practice them for a,single hour.—( Hear and cheers.) He would read to them an extras t from the evidence of Mr. Alexander Sims, as illustrating the point. It was contained in a Parliamentary paper which had just been published:— " In the cultivation you do not consider the rent to be any charge worth considering ? Yes, it is about 10 per Cent upon the rental of the estate.—Beyond the rent that you pay is the Government do you pay Taxes ? No, the rent is the tax.—You pay no other tax of any kind ? No Whet do you mean se hen you say that your tax to Govern. ment is 10 per cent, of the rental ? What we pay to Government we collect from the tenants, and I think that the Government Revenue will be about 10 per cent. of the rent roll of the estate.—So that supposing you collect 100 Rupees, 10 will go to Government, and 90 to your. selves? Yes. It is not placed on that footing. We have agreed to pay a specific sum, and we get as much as we can." It appears further, from the evidence of the gentlemen. that there was no limit to the amount of sugar that might be grown in India.—( Hear, hear.) What, however, must they think of the. plan under which the system of rob bing and extortion he had just called their attention to was practised? And yet these tenants were stated to be comfortable, merely because there was some fixity in the principle on which the taxes were collected. Although he had made these statements against the East India Com pany, he must be considered as their best friend, because if the natives were merely treated with common justice, it would secure peace and happiness in India, and prospe rity to the Company themselves. (Hear, 'near.) By letting the land to the occupiers the price would pay their debts, and give them a large annual revenue, while the present system was one of fraud and embarrassment to the East India Company, and of ruin to the unfortnnate na tives.---( Hear, hear.) It was unnecessary for him to point out the poverty which must exist where a man knew not what landlord to pay any one year for his property. It was a fact that there were thirty-six millions of acres in India uncultivated, and every one of them capable of cultivation, but under the present system the jungle had sprung up—the desert covered them, and the wild beasts possessed them, when they should feed man abun dantly, and pour out golden harvests. And yet all tha misery and wretchedness was attributable to British mis government.—( Hear, hear.) He could read them tale after tale of the melancholy results of the present system, but it was useless to occupy their time further. On the Malabar coast the inhabitants had actually gone to their rulers, and said, " Do not tax us in this way—we cannot pay it; take all our land—give us a small allowance of soil to keep body and soul together, and take every thing else." To be sure they would be glad to do that ; and now they might understand why it was that labour was so cheap, and that the country remained unreclaimed, and why it was that cotton could be produced so cheaply, aed yet was not cultivated.—( Hear, hear.) Because the ca pital was not there, and there was no security of tenure. With regard to the raising of the revenue upon land he would read them one regulation of the great, founder himself. In raising the tax, regard was to be had to the productiveness of the crop—that was all fair enough. But when the crop failed and only returned the seed that had been put into the ground, producing no profit, why the agreement was still to be paid, " as last year, and if the farmers are not able to pay, all the adjoin ing lands are to be taxed to make up the deficiency."-- (Cries of shame.) Could they be surprised at the extent of the misery that reigned in India under such a system, and yet he had not stated the facts in too bright colours ? He had shown that 36,000,000 millions of acres remained uncultivated, that their productions were limited owing to the want of capital, and there was a third point, and more awful still, the constant recurrence of famine. From the year 1762, when, after the battle of Plassy, the British navy was first exercised in India, the first famine soon fol lowed, for it occurred in 1766 ; another dreadful one broke out only four years after, in 1770, when one-half of the in habitants of Bengal perished ; the next was in 1782, as if it came in every ten years ; the next was in 1792, this was followed by one in 1803, then in 1804. The next, 1819, 1820, 1824, 1829, 1832, 1833, and to show that the same system prevailed still, and if possible in a worse degree, the famines were more thick, for they were in 1836, 1837, and a most dreadful one in 1838, which was almost universal throughout India, being nine in the last twenty years.— ( Hear.) [ He then read an extract which bore upon the point.] They might ask what was the date of that ? No farther back than March, 1840.—(Hear, hear.) • And it was taken from the Asiatic Journal, which enjoyed the countenance of the East India Company and Govern ment..—( Hear, hear.) Every plan proposed for the amelioration of the condition of these unfortunate persons had been opposed by the East India Company. He had traced the crime and guilt to them, and a share of it would attach to that meeting unless they insisted that that sys tem of despotism and tyranny should cease. _(Hear, hear.) Much had been said of the value of India to England, and of the wealth that had been obtained from that country, but nine-tenths of it was plunder. But if they did the people of the country justice—if they only acted fairly towards them, the wealth of India would be considerably increased. This land would produce to them sugar, coffee, cotton, salt, teas, indigo, all of which were articles of commerce and great consumption. It could produce all of them in the greatest abundance and cheap ness—it would augment their native marine, double the supply of their hardy sailors, it would augment their com merce with the whole world, and though last, not least, it would, by furnishing a supply of cottsn to England, extinguish slavery in North America.—( Loud cheera.) Oh that he had the power of eloquence to send his voice round their seagirt isle, aral rouse humanity, justice, mercy in the British bosom, and where were those attri butes to be found unless in Great Britain ?—( Hear, hear.) If he could bring them to listen to the details of compli cated robbery, and misery, and fraud, and eppreesion which the accounts of the country unfolded, the remedy would not long be withheld. He had the authority of a dis tinguished individual now in this country, the Right Hon. Ilolt M'Kenzie, formerly a judge in India. What did he say was the effect of the contact of the natives with the Europeans? Speaking of particular parts of India, viz., the ceded districts, lie said :—" The longer we have had these districts, the more apparently do lying and litigation prevail ; the more are morals vitiated, the more are rights involved in doubt ; the more are the foundations of scciety shaken." What did another gentleman say, Capt. West macott, who had traversed the country from one end to the other? Speaking of the influence of their contact with the natives :—" It is greatly to be deplored, that in places the longest under our rule, there is the largest amount of depravity and crime. My travels in India have fallen little short of 8,000 miles, and extended to nearly all the cities of importance in Northern. Western, and Central India. I have no hesitation in affirming, that in the Hindoo and Mussulman cities, removed from European intercourse, there is much less depravity than either in Calcutta,Madras, or Bombay, where Europeans chiefly congregate." Had they done the natives any good ?—( No, no.) Ile had already shown how they had robbed and plundered them, and what bad they done for India in return? They had disseminated immorality and vice. They had pro. duced misery, famine, and death.—( Hear, hear.) They had read them lessons of demoralization and depravity and crime, and they had subjected them to every species of human suffering. It was a fact that natives had taken their children, and plunged them into the waves to drown them ! Mothers destroying their own children rather than let them see the light of day. He feared such conduct an I such a system called out for vengeance, in order that such abominations might be blotted out from the face of the earth. Let them only do justice to the natives—let them accumulate capital and cultivate the soil, and Eng land would not be sufficient to supply their wants.--( Loud cheers.) lie forgot how many millions it would take to give them a turban a piece, but these statistical details and calculations had been mede—so that their de_ mand would lbe insatiable fur British goods, and a mart would be found for the cutlery and hardware of 13irmingharn and Sheffield, if it were ten times the amount —( Hear, hear.) Ail the general branches of their commerce would be supported and extended, and as hat price would they have to pry for all that ? Nothing but justice—nothing but humanity.—( Loud cheers.) And was it not too had—was it not enough to rouse the most apathetic to think that they were paying the price of that misgovernment and reaping the harvest of its iniquity and crime?—( Hear, bear.) Let them not tell me (slid Mr. O'Connell) this iniquity is safe. We have taught them the art of war._( Hear, hear.) Their sepoy is as valiant as our scldiers. A braver and more gallant hand never existed than the native soldiers of India. —(hear, hear, bear.) Shoulder to shoulder and breast-deep, they are ever foremost in the hottest fire, and as they arc a brave, so also are they a kind-hearted race There are errors among them, arid darkest superstitions ; but how do we present Christianity to them ?—( Hear, hear ) Ii it the benevolent, kind, and mild religion which the blessed and adorable Redeemer of mankind taught ? Is it that in the stranger they should recognise a friend, and in the enemy a brother ? Is it thus the mild and charitable doctrines of Christianity are promulgated to them? Oh, no I but by the scourge and the lash ; by rapine, and torture, and the confiscation of their pro perty ; by assisting their failing harvests and bad seasons to more than desolate them by death and famine.— ( Cheers.) How can they embrace Christianity under these circumstances ? I make no excuse or apology, but denounce, in the . loudest note my voice can raise, or tongue can utter, those who would unchristianise India and disgrace themselves by their cruelty and oppression.— ( Hear, and cheers.) I have addressed you long. I have, as I told you, the materials for a great deal more. I will keep and " bottle " it up for a future day, least it should evaporate.— ( Cheers.) But, meanwhile, remember that I have shown you four things. First, that the n:onopoly of opium and salt is abominable in its nature, and moat objectionable in its detail. Secondly, that there is neither a police nor a sufficient administration of justice in India. Thirdly, that the resumptio n l aw i s one great l aw of the worst spolia Lien, the most frightful and fearful of robberiee, under the shape of a judicial proceeding. And, lastly and above all, that the mode of levying the land revenue oc casions want and scarcity to the native, by depriving him of the means of cultivating his land. All these crimes ex ist in the Government of India, and England will be a participator in them unless she shall raise the shield of humanity around the natives of India, to vindicate our common Christianity, and promote the blessings of peace and prosperity in that long oppressed quarter of the world. The Hun. and Learned Gentleman concluded amid loud and long continued cheering, by moving the following re solution : " That this meeting is of opinion that the oppress've monopolies, the am d fluctuating amount of the land revenue, th e genera l resumption by the Government of lands hitherto h e ld tax free, imperfection and corruption in the admini s t rat i on of poli ce an d just i ce , an d t h e ma i ntenance of vexatious are evils which ought to receive the immediate and energetic attention of the Government of this coun try as tending to produce distrust and discontent among the native population ; to unsettle the tenures of property, and endanger the public peace—to cramp the exertions of industry, and the progress of improvement ; to lessen I the production of exportable commodities, and, by neces sary consequence, the capacity of extending commercial _EVENYING relations with Great Britain and othor halloos! to ditrilviah the force of the example which England has set by the abolition of slavery in the West Indies, and thus to per. pctuate the existence of slavery in other countries of the t% el Id." JOSEEPII PEASE, Esq., of Darlington. said he bad great p!casure in seconding the resolution. He hoped the late ness of the hour would be his excuse for not long trt spass ing on the meeting. Wi.h respect to the famines so fre quent in India, he believed they were occasioned by the miigovernment of the British people, in consequence of which five or six millions of acres of the finest land in that country was in possession of wild beasts, while the people Were starving.—( Hear.) Mr. W. L. GARRISON could not avoid rising te thank Mr. O'Connell that he had had the courage to take thet bull by the horns, and to charge the evils of which they justly complained upon the nd government of the East India Company..—( Cheers.) Mr. J. SARIS, of Darlington, rose to propose a vote of thanks to those persons in India who had pi omoted the ob jects of the Society. He believed that by extinguishing slavery id India they would most effectually prepare the way for its abolition in America. It must, however, not be forgotten that no work, however great or good it were, could be carried on without means, and be hoped all 1,01.) could would, according to their ability, contribute towards extending the efficiency of the Society.—( Cheers.) The resolution intrusted to him was the following : " That this meeting views with the highest satisfac- Lion the demonstration of public opinion in Calcutta, in favour of the objects of the British India Society, on the occasion of the Second Annual Meeting of the Land owners' Association of Bengal ; highly appreciates the offer of the liberal and enlightened co-operation and sup pat of that powerful and influential Institution ; and pledges itself to the strenuous pursuit of measures of ge neral amelioration." WILLIAM ALDAaI, Esq., late of Calcutta, said, in se conding the resolution, he felt same didculty, since it might appear to some that he was indirectly thanking him self, having been long resident in Calcutta. The Land owners' Association in India, which proffered their sup port to the Society, was one of great interest and im portance, and their assistance should be eagerly sought and cordially embraced. It was only by decisive and immediate reforms the welfare of India could be secured.. JOHN STEWAttT, Esq. briefly proposed, and Dr. SPKERS seconded, the next Resolution, which was carried unanimously : " That this meting further hails with unmingled plea. sure the formation of the Bombay branch of the British India Society, supported by much of the mercantile wealth and influence of the Europeans and natives of that import ant Presidency, and fully recognises and approves the.ex elusion of party and sectarian feelings and views from the objects and proceedings of a Society which aims to embrace all sects and all parties in one common object of benevo lence." H. S. CASEY, Esq., proposed, and W. LEATIIAM t of Wakefield, seconded the next resolution, which was car• ried unanimously : " Tuat the thanks of this meeting be given to the Com mittee for their services during the past year, and that the following gentlemen (with power to add to their number) do constitute the Committee for the year ensuing, viz. : W. Aldam, Esq., W. H. Ashurst, Esq., Jonathan deck house, Esq., Henry Blanshard, Esq., Dr. Bowring, Itght lion. Lord Brougham, F. C. Brown, Esq., Thomas Clarkson, Esq., Sir Charles Forbes, Bart., W. Hewitt, Esq., Joseph Pease, Esq., Dr. Price, Alexander Rogers, Dr. Spier, Joseph Sams, Esq., John Stewart, Esq., John Sydney Taylor, A.M." . . . Jourr DUNLOP, Esq., proposed and Geo. Tiromesos, Esq., (who passed a high and eloquent eulogium upon Sir Charles Forbes for his conduct in India and England), seconded the next resolution which was carried with loud acclamation : " That the warmest thanks of this meeting be presented to Sir Charles Forbes, Bart., for his liminess in presiding on the present occasion, and for his long continued la bours and ardent devotion in the cause of the natives of British India." Sir CHARLES FORTIES briefly returned thanks, and the meeting separated. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S-YESTERDAY. The betting this day was of a desultory nature, and, except on the July Stakes, in v. hich two important changes will be found, was not particularly interesting. The closing prices were as follows : JULY sTaxxs. 3 to 1 agst Sister to Merle 6 to 1 agst Mona colt 7 to 1 agst The Cornet Sister to Merle opened at 6 to 1, and at the close was is great request at 7to 2. Yorkshire Lass not mentioned. GOODWOOD CUE. to 1 agst Lanercost -into , aid uis s 6 to 1 agst Hetman Platoff , 0111 -0) )1.( 9 to 1 agst Romulus—taken ' 4 • 9 Co 1 agst Deception 'a 10 to 1 as Illoomsbury—taken'lib 10 to 1 agst Retriever—taken j.".-ttniv uti 25 to 1 agst Beggarvnan—taken b! 25 to 1 agst Tag-rau—taken GOODWOOD STAKES. 15 to 1 agst Hon. S. Herbert's Clarion—taken -I " 16 to 1 agst Mr. Bowes's Iletman Platoff ' l l 18 to 1 agst Mr. Theobald's Forlorn Hope—taken 20 to 1 agst Captain Gardnor's Bandboy—taken 20 to 1 agst 11r. Ley's Pocket Hercules 20 to 1 agst Mr. Allen's Orelia—t.aken 25 to 1 agst Mr. Meiklam's Wee Willie—taken 25 to 1 agst Duke of Orlean's Beggarman—taken 30 to I agst Mr. Parkin's Breadswath—taken ST. LEGER. 3 to 1 agst Lord G..Bentinek's Crucifix—taken freely 9 to 2 agst Marquis of Westminster's Launcelot—taken 20 to 1 agst Mr. Allen's Broadswath—taken 20 to 1 agst Duke of Cleveland's Theon 25 to 1 agst Mr. Houldsworth's Contederats—taken DERRY. 45 to 1 agst Mr. Sadler's Decision. NEWMARKEI JULY MEETING. The following is the programme of this meeting, which commenced to-day : THIS DAY. Handicap Sweepstakes of 20 soya. each, for three yrs old. New T. Y. C. The July Stakes of 50 . sous. each, 30 .. ft, for two yrs old; colts Bst 71b ; fillies Bst Mb. New T. Y. C. Mr. Wilson's br c by Voltaire, out of 'Yorkshire Lass—Lord Exeter's ch c (dead) brother to Candia—Lord Exeter's f bi Sultan, out of Marchesa—Mr. Thornhill's Messeno-111r. Thornhill's b c tElian—Duke of Rutland's ch f by Taurus, out of Virago—Duke of Grafton's b c Mosque—Duke of Graftaa'• bl f Delhi—Lord Lynedoch's b f by Dr. Syntax, out of Man dane—Mr. Rees Weguelin's ch c Czarewitch—Mr. Rees We' guelin's bl f Cleopatra—Mr. Rees Weguelin b f Dixon's e Knightsbridge—Colonel Peel's bl c The gunchback- • Colonel Peel's b c Huon—General Yates's b c Yew—Duke of Bedford's c by Taurus, out of Mona—Lord Albemarle's C Ralph—Lord Albemarle's f Viola—Lord Lichfield's c by Ish mael, out of Lioness—Mr. Greville's b c Jack Sheppard—Mr. Prince's gr f Sister t o M er l e —G enera l Grosvenor s b f Mitt Anny—Mr. Rayner's ch c Young Quo Minus—Lord G. Ben' tinek's ch c Gobemouche—LoreG. Bentinck's b c The Cornet and b f Glass-slipper. Mr. Byng's Garry Owen, Bst 71b, agst Lord Albeniarle't Olive Branch, ist 91b. T. Y.C. WEDNESDAY. gol. for three year olds, Est 1 Ilb ; four, Bst 21b ; five, bst 101 b ; six and aged, 9st. D. I. Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. each, for three year olds, 6st Glb; four, Bst Ilb ; five, Bst 10ib ; six end aged, 9st. T. M. Itl• winner to be sold for 300/., Sze. Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. each, for two years old; colts, 8 4 71b; and fillies, Bst 41b. Last half of Ab. M. The winner is be sold for 2001. if demanded. T UURSDAY. The Town Plate of AU fur three years old ; colts, list 71b; and fillies, Bst. 31b. Last mile and a distance of B. C. Sweepstakus of 10 sovs. each, for two )ears old, fist 1 llb ; and three, 9st. New T. Y. C. The winner to be sold fur 200/. if demanded. Handicap Sweepstakes of 15 sovs. each, 10 ft, kr all ages; (two years old excepted). To start at the starting-post of B. 111., and run to the end of New T. Y. C. The Chesterfield Stakes of 30 sovs. each, 20 ft ; fur two, years old ; colts, Sst 71b ; an d fillies, B,t 41b. The winner 0 1 the July Stakes to carry 9165, and the second, 41ba extra. Lag half of B. N. Mr. Watts's f by Voltaire, out of Fanchon ; lir. Wilson'e br c by Voltaire, out of Yorkshire Lass ; Lord Exeter's bro. to Candia (dead), and f by Sultan, out of Marthesa ; Mr. \Vol , . rail's f Notion; Mr. Thornhill's f Messeue; Duke of But laud's cli f by Taurus, out of Virago ; Duke of Grafton's eh c by Divan, out of Hatfield's dam ; Duke of Grafton's b f Lime rick; Lord Lynedoch's b f by Dr. Syntax, out of Mandine Mr. H. Weguelin's Czarevv itch, Cleopatra, Mid Ima ; C o lony' Peel's The Hunchback; Genera! Yates's Yew; Date of Dee' ford's c by Taurus, out of Mona; Lord Albemarle's e.. Dr. worth, and f Minaret; Lord Lichfield's c by Ishmael, out 0 ' Lioness ; Mr. Greville's Jack Sheppard ; Mr. Carter's b fby Dr. Syntax, out of Miss Catnarine ; - Mr. rtayner's b f by 13 0 " zard, out of Margaret; Lord G. Bentinck's eh c Gobemouehe , b c The Cornet, and b f Glass Slipper. NEWCASTLE RACES (CoNctunED).—FoinAvr. The Innkeepers' Plate, added to a Handicap Sweepstakes of 3gs each ; the second to save his stake; for all apts. Mi l° heats. (10 Subs.) Mr. Gdl's b c Resolution, 3 3 rs, 7st 811, (Oates) 1 Mr. Johnstone's ch c The Diver, 4 yrS, Bst Mr. Peck's b c Avicenna, 3 yrs 7st 31b Mr. Crawford's br g Donald Caird, aged, Bst 7lb ...... 2do Mr. Catton's b e Th e G en i us, 3 yrs, 7st 41b... ......... •• 3 "' „ SALE OF MR. H. COONIBE'S (late Mr. Osbahfestal) HOUNDS, AT TATTERSALL'S, YESTERDAY. Lot Buyers. 1. Five couples £72o 0 0 Lord Cardigan 2. Ditto • 3. Ditto 720 0 0 Mr. Allen 4. Ditto 1,360 0 0 Ditto 5. Ditto 32 11 0 Ditto 6. Ditto ...... 170 0 0 Lord Roslyn Mr. Pc-so ld 7. Ditto 939 0 0 . • Berkeley. to Lord Cardigan S. Ditto B ,lO 0 0 Mr. Allen 9. Ditt o 730 0 0 Ditto 10. Ditto 11. Ditto • 12. Ditto 115 0 0 Ditto 13. One Bitch lO 0 0 Ditto Total £6,811 0 0 Lord Cardigan has, we believe, re-sold all his lots but 'one. THE HON. GRANTLEY BERKELEY'S NEW NOVEL.—W e are requested to state, that Mr. Colburu of Great Marlborough-street, has this day published " San• dron Hall; or , Th e D ays of Quern Anne,' by the Hon. Grantley Berkeley, M. P., in three volumes, post Bvo. which can now be had at all the Ibraries. Mr. Colburn Ims also PA published, the following new works of fiction The Banker Lord. 3 vols.-2. Emily, or the Countess of Rosendale, by Mrs. Moberly, 3 vols.--3. Precepts and Practice, by Theo— dore Hook, Esq., 3 vols., with numerous illustrations, by Phis: Ernestine, or, the Child of Mystery, by a Lady of Fashion, 3 vols.-5. The Widow Alarried ; a Sequel t• " Widow Barnaby," by Mrs. Trollope, 3 vols., with twenty one illustrations by R. W. Buss, IL A.--and, 6. Jack Ashore, by the author of " Rattlin the Reefer," " Outward Bound," &e., 8 vols., with Portrait of the author. TAY SALMON FISIIING.—The take continues to be very moderate, considering the advanced period of th, season ; but prices are fully double the usual rate at this time - , and consequently the tenants are better off than in some more favourable seasons.—Ediaburillt Evening Courant. Pla3 Tho Qui and fielt ally aSsa visit to t ent4 th e , tuii but: Inie he ,