The Sun. — London, England, 1847-02-23 00:00:00

atisfiwtory mportatiOn prosperity has made ods, which payment that there ood which to find ighbouring in a better because it •cumstance it count* ing 1 - 1 1" 12 aave stated time is, nnot con- I we must ) one ought Al is moll e financial :-.'man who honour to th of A l2ll 1 a surplua the extra- O L , m aking Lion, slav' )le to this the nine► o thes e liDg. --. ' poOr d theY coin; ly of at e%' I ara 5, and n the ssury. the „paid ,i 7 e no TFLE _i!tUNI_LONI3O-14% TplIS DAY _EVENING-, FEBIICAR_Y 23 2 ii4dy "w"se - seseesss .sees sseesses e eseeeeea-sseeeesseeereeseeeseeseete.fss , 15 0,259 ; in November die number was 285,817 ; in December the number was 404.687 ; and in January it was 571,000. Th e expen di ture up to t h e sth of January , a st• far a staff for the Board of Works, has been 20,50 0 / . ; anti the amount expended for other officers to• the same dale has been 27,5001. There has been ex- Fended up to this time, for the purposes of draining about 2 18,0901., and on depots the amount has been 295 ,0001. : nearly all the latter sum will be repaid to the Government when the sales of the depots take place. For the purposes of the Labour-rate Act there has been advanced from the Exchequer of this country to Ireland the sum of 2.400,0001., and of this there has been disbursed under the direction of the hoard of W T orks nearly two millions. This expenditure of 2,40 0,000/. had taken place up to the 20th of Feb. last. she amount raised by donations and expended in Ireland from August till now has been 80,0001. Now from this statement I do not think that there will be required a sum less than a mi llion a month to meet the exigencies of Ireland. The amount Nvhich was expended in January was 80 ,000/ and this did not include ell the outlay. No doubt the Board of Works will in future be relieved of a great deal of its pressure, but, en the other hand, it should be recollected that therine• the summer months there ,are . the greatest number o?destitute persons in Ireland. Itiuring the months of June, July and August, there are infinitely less people employed than at an earlier period of the year. It was, I believe, in reference to these three months that the statement the Right Hon. Gentle- Man alluded to was made—that somewhere about two Millions of people in Ireland were iu a state of total des titution for three months of the year. Again, we expect no i nconsiderable saving by the different modes of ad ministering relief, through the medium of soup kitchens a nd relief comm itte e s, for they are considerably enesper than the relief given by the public works, On the other hand, the increase in the destitution of that country and the increased demand for a supply of food, will, I believe, render a greater amount of ex- P,nditure necessary. Again, Sir, there is no doubt that c onsiderable number of persons will be taken off the Public works by the employment afforded by the land lords of Ireland, under the Bill, which I hope will be Passed before long, for the improvement of their estates. believed that the Bill will work well in Ireland. for all accounts of it have induced in my mind very san guine expectations. Again, Sir, the advances made Y the Treasury will have to be made, as far as I can see from t h e d ata we h ave t o g o upon, down to the ga thering in of the next harvest. It is impossible to sup- Pose that all exertions on the part of these national mea sures can cease at once in harvest time, and it is quite clear that advances for the purposes of carrying on many 7 o rks must be continued ; so that it is very likely that for som e short period after the harvest — looking at the ° case in the most favourable light—these advances must , e c ontinued. Taking, therefore, the briefest view it is pos sible to estimate, I cannot estimate the expenditure under eight millions. Up to the present time , as I have alre ady stated, two millions had been advanced, and therefore the estimate of the total sum which will be required to be expended or advanced, granted or lent, for the relief of distress in Ireland, during the period of about a year, will not be less than eight millions of mon ey --(Sensation.) Two millions have been already dvanced, eight are to be advanced, making altogether, from the concl us i o n of August last to the conclusion of these operations, which I anticipate at the end e the harvest, ten millions of money.—(Hear.) I do believe that even if the 16,000,000/. which the Noble Lord opposite wished the Government to advance t 0 the ra il ways h a d b een or dered by the House, th at not even one shilling of these 16,000,000/. o eld be saved to the country. With the heavy detnands which are now made on the resources of the country, I was glad, although myself unable to take part i n thi s di sc u ss ion—l say I was glad, and gra tified to see the authority by which the House * Mrmed so wise and prudent a resolution.—(Hear a , e ar , ) The announcement which I have now to mike •uust be evident to the Committee—it must be evident that I must go into the market to borrow, because no amount of taxation will be able to produce within the t ime required the money which is necessary for the relief of Ireland. It is, therefore, a matter not of chance, b ut of necessity, that I must go into the market to borrow, and the first question which it is necessary for me to ask is, shall I borrow the whole of the 8,000,00 0 1 ., or endeavour only to borrow a part. If I adopt the latter course, I must first consider whether I shall not reduce the balances of the Exchequer. Now, Sir, this is a course which I am most unwilling to adopt. Sir, I think that no person who looks to the state of what is called the money market of this Country, who considers that the exchanges had been !sfiverse to us (although I am happy to say that they have lately been less adverse than they were, still they are just at the turn), will sa y, a f ter a consideration of these circumstances, that it would not be exceedingly injudicious in ms3,,tea if m farthera t pressure on the monetary of this It must also be remembered th a t b y a country ry o . f last session great advances were made for the purposes of drainage and other imp rovements. But, Sir, there is a still further and more weighty con sideration. It is uncertain what hangs over us, and what will be the produce of the ensuing harvest no man can tell. No man can overrate the importance of a good harvest. Hitherto we have been living mainly upon por tions of the harvest of 1845—1 mean on the harvest of other countries of 1845, and to some extent upon the harvest of 1 846. In the course of the last year there was in troduced, for home consumption in this country, of grain and flour of all kifels, no less a quantity than ,3 18,000 quarters. It was hoped that there would have been a considerable import of Indian corn, the produce of the harvest of 1846, but those hopes w ere not realised. lam confident, however, that in the course of this summer we shall have an abundandant a -- t P'Y of Indian corn; but still it i s im p ossible r,3 t - ea ,aay what will be the produce of the next bar % It may please God to give us a good liar je-st t hroughout the world, but unless that dispensation Muelisafed to us it will be impossible to calca -late f or the future. Sir, the means by which we met pe pressure of last autumn was the large balance in the of le t nequer, and I hope this will convince ever y Member • the Committee of the necessity fur keeping s ome core e plerable b a l ance i n t h e E xc hequer. Sir, this being so, beli eve the wiser and more prudent course is at o nce to borrow the extreme sum. Honourable Gentlemen must remember, that in borrowing this, I do not take Permanent responsible position, because a considerable portion of th e sum w ill be r e paid by Irish landlord s. of f the expenditure on the public works in Ireland, halt Ihas been gr an t e d as a charge upon the property of e aand, and payable in a period of ten years. The arn ° llat of th ese re p a y men t s , as they come in, will , of course, extinguish a considerable p or tion of the debt proposed to be contracted. But, even th n tigh the half of the sums g ranted to Ireland should be repaid, there would still remain a balance of 4,000,000/. or 5,000,000/., which will not be no much when it is considered for what Purpose the grant has been made , viz., for the relief of our ti suffering f e ll ow creatures. The next ques -1 of course i s , whether, in the borr owin g of th a ' ar g e a Sum, I should not have accom p anied the t loa n with increased taxat i on , not only for Propurpose of pay i ng the interest of th e loan to be raised, but also for discharging a p ortion el ; the debt b efore a long period. I was exceediegly un even to the amount which I have earned, to in crease the amount of the permanent debt without malting some immediat e provision for its extinction be fore lon g f „, I was u nw illi ng to add even this amount the permanent debt; but, on the other hand, there ere many reasons which induced me to pause before I d etermined on th e a d o pti on o f that course. In the first place, am ong many other reasons, the present year is Ong in which it would be most unfortunate to attempt a ny alteration in the taxation of the country. Every body knows that a season of great taxation invariably induces stagnation of trade. In proof of that assertion, c ompare the first quarter of the year 1846 and the first quarter of the present year. In the last year the repeal of the corn-laws and other duties was hanging over the commerce of the country, thereby causing great Uncertainty in commercia l m at t ers . in the present year el agitation has been suspended, commerce has been thrown open, and, as I have already stated, a remark able increase in the Customs and Excise has been the last and present m a de in consequence in the corresponding quarter years. Further than that, 'a y . think no inconsiderab le wei g ht is t be at tached t o th e cons id er ation mentioned before, namel y , With reference to the amount which the Government his t)! ultimately have to obtain. If, as I hope , the har vest., k of the next year turns out a plent iful one—it, ,as "Pc, from one source or another, emp lo y ment, or the means of subsistence, be provided for the su fferin g p eo p le ro.ofrlrthe elalonoda,then in such case the present deman d now made VaZof thee may not be required. If, however, upon the e a r rY, the produce of the harvest should be deficient ; should be again a failure of the potato crop , and count grain imported from elsewhere, or gro wn in this " r Y , should be a high price and dear, then it will be ittehe e eeesasy for t h e country to come forward and ass ist starvi ng Population, and allowing a f urt h er demand to country. ibe u nlade p the public resources of the • that I ah 11 °Pe the ü bef o o n re Parliament meets again a be Able to inform them of prosperous state o f the co untry, in connexion with the har vests. • I think, therefore, that it is better to postpon e dealing until with the question of increasod taxation knowledge of e can deal w ith it w ith the full the existing circ u m stances. lion. G ent l emen must be aware that in the next session of Parliament it will be necessary to deal with the question of the renewal of the income-tax. If taxation was to be increased this year, that is one of the s ources of r evenue to whichone would naturally look As a fit tax to impose, but I think it would be extremely unwise to deal with it this ear—to prejudge Parliament --a new Parliament, perhaps. It for these reasons, Sir, is that it would be well if I could this year provide for the loans Out of the ordinary revenue; but I !Propose adopt -11:1g A more prudent course, and not increasing the taxa tion in th e present year, but leaving that question to be dealt with next year. Now, Sir, I have already stated that the ordinary revenue was 52,065,00 01 ., t therefor a : theordinary expendit ure was 51,576,000/., leaving surplus of 489,000/. Now, Sir, auseming that I borrow 8,0t;,2• 000 /. what will bOhe annual interest OP that amount ? V F dnurse it is obvious that at 3 per cent. the interest would be : 210,000/. ; at 4, 280,0001.; and at 4, 320 ,0001. Sir, I have no .I. l oubt in the world of being able to borrow that amount 3}—(Cheers) —there fore th e i nterest w ill b e 280,000/4 hut I am afraief Sir, that that is not the only demand which will be made upon us in the s h a p e o f i n tvrest, for there is another description of debt upon W hich, after the best inquiries I have been able to make, I regret to say that I feel myself under the necessity of raising the interest upon Exchequer-bills. There are many r easons w hi c h h ave led to a d e pre ss i on o f va l ue in that description of security in the markets. The rate of interest had been already raised, and it might be still further raised in the course of the spring. If that W ere 80, it did apps r to him that it was tiq cleifirable that that description of security should be left to be berrnwed, like all other kinds of security, in the money market. Taking all these matters into consideration, he had, though most mi willingly, determined upon raising the interest on Exchequer- bii ls.—(Cries of •' Hoar, hear.":t The interest on Exchequer-bills is now three-halfpence a day. An experiment was made to raise them a farthing a day, which so completely failed that it ha been abandoned. I propose to raise them to twopence, which will make an annual expenditure of 142,0001., and I c dculate that the increased interest of debt will hi 422,0001. ; so that the total ordinary expenditure. with the addition of the loan, will make a sum of 51,998,000/, leaving a surplus of 67,0001, There has been this year a more than ordi nary source of revenue—l mean the balance ot . China money yet unpaid from that source.—(Hear, hear.) This is a matter of certainty, and not caleula don—l expect 450,000/. There is, however, also, at extraordinary source of expenditure of 185,0001., which it is necessary to vote in order to cover the naval estimates in the financial year ending in April last. So, therefore, adding extraordinary receipts to ordir !no, me, and also adding extraordinary expenditure to ,t-ciinary, it leaves a total Income Expenditure Leaving a surplus £332,000 This was not a very satisfactory state of the revenue — a state of things showing a considerable disproportion r,etween the income and expenditure. But it is not our intention, in the present session of Par liament, to make a permanent provision on the sub ject, partly from the want of infomation as to the great amount which may be required, and partly from the necessity which may exist the next year for further large supplies to be advanced.—(Hear, hear.) Certainly it is my anxious desire that there may not be required more decided measures to equalik the expenditure to the income ; but if there should be, then, in another session, the House must be prepared to make an addition to the taxation of the country. I will not ask you at present for any permanent provision; but should the necessity continue, then I will not shrink from proposing thou, measures which I may think necessary and expe dient for the purpose of bringing the revenue proportionate to the expenditure.—(Hear, hear.) At all events Hon. Gentlemen need not expect that we shall have any revenue to spare this year.—(Hear, hear.) And Hon. Members on both sides of the House who advocate, some a reduction in tea, others a reduction in coffee, tobacco, and paper, need not expect that we shall be able to spare any of the revenue to meet their respective views. I throw out this intimation, in order that no hopes or expectations may be excited.—(Hear, hear). Now, I will take thi opportunity of answering a question which was asked me in the earlier part of the evening, which was. whether we intended to propose any annual duty in lien of the sugar duty. Ido not think there is much import ance in this question, because it is my intention to take two votes—one of which I shall propose to-night— without which it will be impossible for the ordinary expenses of the Government to be defrayed. This year the duty on sugar is arranged for, and next year the income tax will come under consideration. At present, however. it is not my intention to propose any other duty. —it will be the better course not to propose any annual duties. Sir, before I sit down, I will simply say that ii is idle to talk of personal regret of that which is an evil to the public at large, but no person can regret more sin cerely than Ido the present period of calamity,which we all feel. It is an interruption to that course of financial and commercial policy which has for a considerable time prevailed, and which during the last four years has been carried on with unexampled success.—(Wear, hear.) It is true that the income-tax may be continued, but it is entirely changed in its character, when it has been made the means of governing those beneficial changes which the Right Hon. Gentleman has proposed.—(Hear. hear.) Ido not mean now to say that I approve or dis approve of the whole of them. No person can more fully concur in the general scope and policy of those measures which relieve trade from all unnecessary restrictions, foster the industry of the people, and make a material addition to their comforts. Just before I came into the House a paper was put into my hand. which I am sure will be satisfactory to the com mittee, and which I hope may dispel some portion of the gloom which my statement may have cast on the minds of Honourable Members Sir, the statement which I am about to read contains ri certain number of articles, the consumption of which has been taken for the last four years. I have taken those which enter most largely into the consumption of the great body of the people, and I think that the Committee will see from the numbers I ana about to read how materially the comforts of the people have increased by the enlarged q uantities they have been enabled to consume. I first take coffee. The consumption in 1843 was 30,031,422 lbs.; in 1844, it was 31,391,297 lbs.; in 1843, it was 34,318,0951b5; and in 1846, it was 36,781,391 lbs. I will next take butter. There was entered in the year 1843 , 148,295 cwt.; in 1844, 180,965 cwt.; in 1845 there were 240,118 cwt.; and in 184, 255,130 cwt. I will next take cheese. In 1843 there were imported 166,563 cwt ; in 1844 there were 212,206 cwt.; in 1845 there were 258,246 cwt.; and in 1846 there were 327,490 cwt. I shall now take currants, and I find that there were entered for home consumption in the year 1843 1844 1845 '369,000 „ 1846 In the article of sugar I find that there was entered for importation in the year. 1843 1844 1845 - 1846 Now in all these articles there had been a great reduc tion of duty, and it will be observed that on the article of tea—the reduction of the duty on which has been of late so much agitated—it will be observed that though the duty on that article has not been reduced, yet, from other causes, the prices had been considerably lowered, and a corresponding increase had, therefore, taken place in the consumption. Now I find that in this article there has been entered for home consumption in the years 1843 1844 1845 1846 These were articles which entered largely into the con sumption of the great body of the people, and it must be satisfactory to the House, and is more especially to the Right Hon. Gentleman opposite, to observe the increas ing imports of these very necessary articles. It is very satisfactory to me that I am enabled to make such a statement as this, because it proves, in a very great degree, the tendency to increased prosperity of the country, and to extended comforts among the labouring classes. Sir, I have now made the statement which it was my duty to do. I hope that I have made it clear to every one, and I have ti request that if any person has a question to put, he will put it now, as I am afraid I may not be able to stay longer in the House. The vote, Sir, which I have to put into your hands, is a vote of 8,000,0001. out of the Consolidated Fund. Mr. HUME wished to make one or two observations on the statement that had just been made. He at once admitted that the Right Hon. Gentleman had made the ease perfectly clear, and he must udd that the Right Hon. Gentleman had exhibited skill and knowledge in the statement he had made. He could not consent to this new grant to Ireland without he had some pledge to compel the property of Ireland to maintain its poor—(Hear, hear) —and he very much regretted that the Right I-lon. Gentleman had sat down without saying one word upon the remedial sures which , had already been promised.—(Hear, hear.) He must also regret that the Right I I oneurable Gentleman, after stating such undoubted proof of the wisdom and advantages that have arisen from the liberal policy of former years, did not say one word as to these future reforms which were so much calculated to increase the commerce of the country. With reference to the article of tea, he did not think that the revenue would suffer anything by the reduction of the duty on that article. Of the 600,000,000 yards of common calico sent out of this country, 180,000,000 yards t hCehindautyonlyon. tea © tahouggrheta great h a i n t c r b e ) i l s a e r o e f d i u t ctio w n ent of to would be made in the quantity of consumption. of articles. view He thought he subject tte u c s Government tomabl e w andus takingexcise a u b 1 0 0 n e- sided of f in the course they had p ro p osed. Then, again, with respect to the duty on copper, which amount e d on ly to the paltry sum Of 40,0001 or 50,0001., he thought that the country lost three times that amount by the system of policy pursued by this country. France and the United States were already beginniess, to smelt their own copper because of the restrictions imposed on the article in this country. There were also 150 or 200 articles the duties upon which should be e e l ot w re ho i le u swept away thefroGmovtehrne tut Ireland. There was no doub t that the state of that coun mesntatsee-ebmeoekd. toTh c coun try was one of the greatest emergency; the Government should, however, treat Ireland as an extraordinary charge and take the surplus revenue for the purpose of libe rating the commerce of the country, treating Ireland by extraordinary means. He was quite dissatisfied with the policy pursued by the Gover nment ; utmost freedom should be given to the com merce and the manufactures of the country. He held a statement in his hands which set forth, that, during the last two months, a decrease of men in full employment, and increase of men in half employment had taken place in one part of the country also; who was to support them? (Hear, hear.) Such an extraordinary emergency as the one with which they bad to deal ought to be met by extraordinary measures. By a great change in their commercial policy. The surplus balance was, he believed, 76,0001. ; this year it was 2,800,0001., which was to be attributed to the partial carrying out of rational and proper measures for the extension of commercial en tPrerise ; but was not this a strong proof 1 thai. tliey ought to go on and remove the shackles still iniposed on trade, by promoting other measures having for their object the promotion of commerce unfettered by injurious restriction. He sin cerely hoped that such measures would be brought forward without delay. Even the money bei e t : spent in feeding the unemployed in . Irellied end Scotland would promote the regeneration of the people. Certainly there was no hope of regenerating the people of Ireland, because • hev would lead them to believe that, in similar emer ne 'cies, they wou l d be su pp orted b y the state, and not e by the owners,. of the soil who ought to be compelle d to su pport them. There was more hope for Scotland, as the proprietors had come forward and aided thew. Thal evyry Qll Qf the - - - - - - setimates had been increased. Last seeelon the Right Hon. Baronet (Sir R. Peel) sought a vote of 1,000,000/. for the purpose of placing the steam navy in in efficient condition, and the House acceded to the proposition; but did any one believe that the Navy esti natee would be increased this year? Instead of such a preposition. he expected a reduction this year to that smount. This ought not to occur at such a period. Looking, therefore, at the great increase which has been illuded to, and looking at the difficulties of the money !nark( t, when the Government were obliged to raise the interest of their money. He would wish to ask what would be the effects of the measure upon their merchants and traders who were carrying on the com eeerce of the country. The income-tax should be ex tended to Ireland. The Irish should have fair play— (Hear, hear.) Yes, they had been an oppressed people; they had never been given either civil or political privi leges. He would give them equal laws, but they should iave equal taxes. (Hear, hear.) In fact, he would at ence extend the whole code of English laws to Ireland. He regretted that there had been no attempt to equalize he rate of taxation. In what situation would .hey be at the end of August, if there came another year of scarcity, the Government would fled the echoes from the different parts of the country by no neans satisfactory.—(Hear, hear.) According to the statement of the Right Hon. Gentleman, there was to be an increase in almost every department of the State—in the army, the navy, and the ordnance. Now, the Right lion. Gentleman should have stated the grounds on which this increase was proposed to be made. Hew was it that the expense of these departments was to be more 'him in 1845, and last year ? Moreover, there should have been some arrangement by which the 8,000,0001. pro posed to be raised might be paid back within a few years. The expenditure of 1832 was 5,800,0001. less than the present year. That was during the unreformed Parlia ment. The next year, 1833, under the first estimate of the reformed Parliament, the expenditure was 7,428,0001. less than the present year. In the year 1835, which was ather a remarkable year, when the Hon. Member for ramworth, then Prime Minister, prepared the estimates himself, the expenditure was less than the present year by 7,773,000. Ho did not include in the present year's estimates either the 8,000,0001. to be advanced on the interest, or 400,0001. on the Exchequer Bills. The House had a claim upon her Majesty's Government to be told why this additional expenditure was called for this year. He was told that it was extended upon the army, navy, and ordnance. Well, let them take 1830, under the Duke of Wellington's Government, the esti mates for the army, navy, and ordnance were less, by 3,000,000/. than the present year; and the miscellaneous estimates were less by 1,800,000/. In 1840, when they were engaged in the war with China and a dispute with France—when they had a large fleet in the Mediterra nean—when the siege of Acre took place—and when the urge amount expended in Canada had not been repaid — the estimates were 2,930,0001. less than the present year. The Right Hon. Gentleman had not attempted to justify the increase which had taken place in any one of these departments. He only made his estimate in a clear and distinct manner. It might be, but still he only men ioned the sums he wished the House to sanction, without stating what were the reasons which compelled them to 'lave recourse to the House for these amounts. He agreed with the opinion of the Right Hon. Baronet ipposite, that no tax ought to be imposed on a country a a time of peace. But if the Right Hon. the Chan- Aor of the Exchequer must borrow money, he should to it in the right way. He should borrow one hundred eounds of money on every hundred pounds of stock, for ray the operation of the three per cent. consols he would he adding 800,000/. to the permanent debt of the country. Now he should like to see the Government commence upon this new course; and, depend upon it if they did, :hey would then be enabled to reduce the interest pay tble upon the national debt. But now they were going upon an eroneous system altogether, in so far as, al houghec ho usttohme Custom-house officersmsl had been b a e b e o n lis i h ne ed re , as th ed e b s y al 4 a 9, rie o s oo 1 . h while in the three years, 1843, 1844, and 1845, the in !rease in all the public departments amounted to 234,000/. It behoved the aristocracy of this country to weigh well the effects of throwing upon posterity the sum ,18,000,000; for depend upon it, a time would come when this debt would be shaken of, and the consequence would be, that all property would be shaken to its centre. Mr. ROEBUCK could not allow that opportunity to pass without entering his solemn protest against the measure proposed by the Government. In common with other Hon. Members he considered that the state ment of the Right Hon. Gentleman the Chancellor of the Exchequer, could not have been more complete, Tore proper, or more frank.—(Hear) ; and he, in common with them, regretted the indisposition under which the Hon. Gentleman laboured whilst delivering his statement. He deprecated any desire to unfairly it tack or oppose the Government, but he thought on .in occasion like the present—important in the highest degree—and he believed most imminent and portentous, that no one should shrink from openly stating their ob jection to the propositions laid before the House. First , f all, a suspicion was created in his mind, in consequence ,;f the altered course of proceeding. The Government had already passed a Bill, creating machinery for distri buting relief to the Irish people, and of vesting the per sons so appointed with unlimited power over the funds. This Bill, he believed, had passed the other House. In addition, they had passed a Bill, which had been impro perly called " a Bill of Indemnity," as it was a Bill to make valid every presentment made at Quarter Sessions in Ireland, and he believed that such presentments vith scarcely an exception had been made throughout the whole of Ireland. Yet the Chancellor of the Exchequer now sought power to make a loan of not less thin 3,000,000/, stating, at the same time, that he had in view the incurring of an expenditure of 10,000,000/. What was absolutely necessary was a Bill to tax the proprietors of land in Ireland for the support of the poor. A Bill of that nature had been introduced, but it had been put off since the commencement of the session in the most remarkable manner. As he should show from [the conduct of the Noble Lord at the head of the Government. He (Lord J. Russell) said that he really hoped and believed that he was about to encounter no opposition to the principle of the Bill, which, he stated, was, that the property of Ireland should be taxed to the amount which would sustain the poor of Ireland.—(" Hear, hear," from Lord J. Russell.) Now he (Mr. Roebuck) understood that seventy of the largest proprietors had signed a statement in opposition to the Noble Lord's views. A number of Roman Catholic clergymen had waited upon him, expressing their dissent at the conduct of the Irish party. Now these gentlemen represented themselves as expressing the feelings of the whole of the Irish people. He was inclined to believe that they had banded themselves together for the pur pose of opposing the proposition of a poor-law for Ire ;and. They are quite willing to receive what money we will give them. But he did hope that English gentlemen would make a stand, and that they would not permjt any delusion ; and before they assented to any sum they should insist upon a poor-law for Ireland. He would like to know why Irish gentlemen, who came over to England for six or seven months, and maintained their carriages, should not be made to pay the same taxes as the poorest [wizen was liable to. t (Hear,.) Why he wanted to know how it was, that the Chancellor of the Exchequer did not come forward and propose, in order to meet a portion of the eight millions, it' not the whole,_ that a property tax be imposed on the landlords of Ireland. He could not at the present time make a proposition on the subject, but before the matter was disposed of he would bring forward that question, and he did hope that every English gentleman in that House would support it ; or if they did not, he trusted the con stituencies which they represented would vote it. He would propose that property in Ireland, as well as in England, should be made to bear the same burden, so that all might contribute alike. The present was said to be an imperial calamity, and that it was right that the United Kingdom should afford relief. Graeted ; it was an imperial calamity, and should be met by impe rial measures. Ireland, as well as England, should be made to contribute. It was said that if they imposed an income-tax on Ireland, the landlords would never pay. He did not accede to that ; the lauded property of Ire land was rated at 13,000,000/. ; and taking that as a basis, he would tax it to that amount. Irish Members had stated that the poor-rates wore generally paid, and he did not see any reason why a property-tax should not also be paid. If the property-tax be not paid, let the property be sold. It appeared to him that they should not get out of the scrape. It was but common justice that they should be placed upon the same footing as the rest of the UnitedKine ' - dom. There was one great difficulty to which he wished to call the attention of the Noble Lord. Government had gathered together 600,000 men on the public works, and the next difficulty would be to disband them. They had been withdrawn from the cultivation of the soil, and applied to employment of a different kind, and the diffi enity now would be to get them to resume their ordinary occupations. He admitted that the Government had a difficult problem to solve, more difficult than any body of potato nLord ,dl ow nrr.hodotl: JOHN failure. ho Oy oE lb w l i3 lN e a men had had for a long time to contend with. He did Government.m i e tu th s e sELL— youeannot blame us for the extent ,ah e w h oo whole ev U e e r, K e —The i p u o i t o a n t s o o c f ro a p po h p a u d la f t a io il l e i d to t o fe t e h d e . six population nimillions.--(A Ireland voice was " not six t starving en : " T ; h b e u y t those who were subjected to the calamity were forced to that use a kind of food superior in qua li ty an d more diffi cu lt to obtain than any to which they h a d hith er t o b ee n accustomed. and TheheEmasetanlntlo use a term was ia aof paternal ,h Government, approbation. It had gre a t power , good intentions, vast g intelligence, and had besides what no Government in Ireland had to deal with—a docile people. What was the result which they experienced in dealing with the visitations of Providence in India. Why, every attempt they made to alleviate those dispensations had failed, and had been productive of m ore evil than if they So strong, there fore, had this feeling prevaledeithat _ had done nothing ! i they were determined to interfere no more with these dispensations. The y were determined the way of obtainin g re strictions, and to put the people in ined to remove all the means of relief, but to abstain fi om all interference themselves. Now the same line of proceeding was statement made by a number of gentlemen, some of whom were Catholic clergymen, with respect to the con exactly applicable to Ireland. He held his , hand a dition of Mallow. The Committee stated that the dis tress in that town could not be considered as resulting from the failure of the potato boonr op, as the sufferers had no land—there had some reasoning attempted to account for this— hut these gentlemen stated that the s ame distress prevailed every last and iled every year—it was the same th e y ear would be found to be the same ne xt year—the greater part of the population living on one me al in the day for half the year round. What was the inference he wished to draw from that statement. It was not to make any imputation, and therefore he hoped not to be made the subject of the angry vituperation to which he had been latei/nbleoctl. 1119 inferouce be t wisited to draw from thin was thst if Government pursued the course they now proposed, they would only increase and exacerbate all the evils which belonged to Ireland. They would encourage that improvidence and: want of forethought which made that people trust upon every one rather than themselves. They had three millions of people now deperalieg on them, and were expending at the rite of a million a inouth for their support, and the conse quence of all this would be, that they would demoralise the people.—(Hear, hear.) He had letters from every part of Ireland to corroborate what he said, and he knew that it was true, else he would not say it. He appealed to every one who knew any thing of Ireland in confirmation of the truth he had expressed—that the people placed their sole dependence on the Government. He thanked the House for allowing him to make these observations, and he would conclude by warning the Government to abandon this loan for eight millions. They would find their calculations, as to the termination of the distress in August, disappointed ; they would find then that they would have to cope with the same amount of distress as at present—Parliament not sitting— themselves unable to meet the emergency—the same cry— " give '—"give"—still prevailing as at present, and all their exertions ending in making the mass of misery still greater. He warned them, therefore, to stay their steps in time, and eat drag down the people of England to the same condition as the people of Ireland were at present reduced. Lord J. RUSSELL rose not to add any thing to the state ments which had been made by his Right Hon. Friend the Chancellor of the Exchequer, as he had stated the views of the Government so fully and clearly that it would be quite superfluous to do so, but he wished to make a few observations on the speech of the Hon. and Learned Gentleman who had just sat down, because admitting, as he admitted to the Go vernment, that his views were for the benefit of the country, he was hound to say that he was utterly deceiving himself as well as Parliament, and the greatest danger and folly would result from their adoption. In the first place, with regard to taxation, the Honourable Gentleman said that the income tax ought to be extended to Ireland; that the pre. sent was an imperial calamity; and as Ireland was a part of the United Kingdom, that it should contribute its quota by the income-tax to the alleviation of the calamity. It must be recollected that the present distress pressed most severely upon Ireland, and the greatest exertion had been made by the gentlemen of that country to relieve it— that they had received but a small portion of their ordinary rents, and had expended in many cases all their usual income. He said, thin, while this was the condition of Ireland, however right it might be, if the income -tax was to be continued to this country, to extend it also to Ireland, at the same time, in the present circumstances of that country, he thought it would be neither wise nor just to impose the income-tax upon Ireland. He, therefore, could not agree with the Hon. and Learned Gentleman in that proposition. The Hon. Gentle man then went on to show that the present state of things was nothing but the ordinary state of Ireland, and he read a statement which he (Lord John Russell) had seen in October last. It was, however, a most rash and unfounded statement to make, that the description there given was at all like the ordinary state of Ireland. Let them sup pose that three-fouths of the ordinary production of the soil had failed, could it be said that the state of things which fol lowed that was the ordinary or usual condition of the country. It was this difference which now produced so large an amount of mortality as now prevailed, and it was clear to every one, that had net some means been adopted, that the deaths would have been multiplied ten or a hundred fold. In England there was a poor-law to meet that state of things, but seeing that they had, not resources in Ireland to meet the emergency, large sums of money had to be advanced from the National Exchequer to ward off the famine. There might have been different ways to do so than the Bills which had been introduced, but he could not reconcile himself to allow such a calamity to pervade the people, without endeavouring to h ,virt Gentleman t n a o t e oy mistakef was t t h ph areet wanted in the ordinary operations of trade. There might m alleviate, to some extent, the pressure, and to supply ypf auwe b ilfl e a prevailed dloertr with odi un of bhtt hewf respectaoi t s ar edcavoe advanced. ne o n cs n tti eroor country, the economy, but nTh b t aauhshyte:oey yet r ) assertion iuna h elc e vthehr gaderadet that regretted ahsettsethtafe i n ep o dge r ttpechhai people had been taken from farm labour to be employed on the public works, as well to the assertion that there was an amplitude of employment for the number of persons who might be employed in farm labour. From the very necessity of the case it was evident that the holdings were so small that the farmers did not require the assistance of these labourers, and, therefore, it is evident that no injury whatever could have accrued to the country to any extent. He did not think that the people had been demoralized by these works—by the execution of these task works, so far as the wages were concerned. If the labourer could obtain the wages for his work, why should he be demoralised by changing from one kind of work for an other, simply because the works on which he was employed were what might be called useless. Supposing any gentleman chose to make a piec e of ornamental water on his grounds, and was it to be called a useless and demoralising r , e men got their wages, any mor e than if they had be en en g a g ed in But the great u he pa i d the wages to those who wereemployed wok on if th th e work making a harbour , e r in deepening a river. B Irish society ? and that was t Whether the landlords or the Government could, by employ ment of the poor, so provide as to create a permanent supply of question was, how was this grheeatveehsatinognetotohohceobntroomugphlatteodv—er producedthouh t tthat sufficientb y the lands,F oitr be merefood for culture the c o o f u th c e try time; and, considering the increase of the population, he was impressed with the belief that the potato culture could not be recovered in less than seven or eight years with success, lie co h u im ld se n l a perfectly agreed with the observations of the Hon. Gentleman, that in addition to the great distress of this year, much was to be apprehended and provided for during the next, and it was therefore ridiculout not to anticipate great changes. He did believe that in consequence of this movement that a measure must be introduced, both in this House and the other House of Parliament, for an amendment of the poor-law in Ireland ; and he stated this, because he believed that the Irish Members would not, in consideration for their country, oppose such an alteration, and he believed that the result would be productive of great convenience, although he very much regretted the immediate inconvenience that must, for the present, arise from it, and which appeared to be apprehended from the few words that had fallen from the Hon. Member for Coventry, respect ing the estimates, for those estimates had been prepared with the most impartial consideration, for the welfare of the country. He could certainly tell that Hon. Member, that those estimates had been prepared with a view to the utmost economy, so far as it was necessary for the welfare of the country to consider that point. But it should be recol lected that it was necessary to keep up both branches of the service in such a state of efficiency as would enable them to act effectually in the event of an invasion of the country. It should be recollected that last year there had been a great increase in both trade and commerce. These estimates had, indeed, been prepared with a view to preserve the greater uniformity between the two years, so that there were only three quarters of the year included in the estimates for this. Last year the estimates for these bran ches was 6,630,0001., and this year it was 6,640, 0 00 1 .; during the q uarter last year it was 9,972/, and this year it was 12,7871. In the Ofrdnthance ythear e 2,679,0001., making an increase of 135,0001. , For the corres ponding arter it quarter last year it was 61,2391., while for this quarter and or is estimates last year were for 2,547,0001 b an addition to the number of men require d for the Ordn de lii the n Navy ment, and in order to render the ser vice effective. I was 67,258/. This increase had be en rendered necessary Y estimates, the increase was 17,4261., being for an addition of 1,500 men. He could assure the Hon. Member for Coventry that the estimates of the increase of the number of men was for 3,000, but the Government had only decided upon an in crease of 1,500 for the present year. He (Lord J. Russell) must allow that there had been a large increase since the year 1835, but still be believed that the increase was no more than n justified by the enlargement of our commercia l relations, d that it was necessary, for the security of that commerce, and was one of the great reasons why that commerce flourished at the present period of distress.—( The Noble Lord was loudly cheered throughout his speech, which continued some time after he sat down.) Lord G. BEN TINCK could not sufficiently admire the clearness of the exposition which his Right Hon. Friend the Chancellor of the Excheqner had made to the House, nor sufficiently admire the chivalrous bravery w hich had induced him to leave a sick bed to make that state ment ; and deeply did he (Lord G. Bentinck) regret that his Right lion. Friend had been compelled to leave the House, especially as the discussion had stated that he His Right Hon. Friend sta _ might prove useful in that discussion to make u p the deficiency in the Exchequer. Was not prepared to make up that deficiency by an y increase of the income-tax. His Right Hon. Friend might well abstain from making any increase of that tax amid the present stagna tion of trade, and had done well to congratulate himself on the increase of the revenue from the taxes derived from the taxes on the articles of consumption. But there might be an other reason why his Right lion. Friend had abstained from an increase of the income-tax, and this he supposed would be found in the fact that the present Parliament was in its last year, and that neither the members of the present Government or the late Government would like to go to the country for an election with the k nowled ge that the y had voted for an increase of the income-tax. The Honourable Member for Coventry (Mr. William s) h ad expresse d g reat surprise at the great increase of the military and nava l forces. Nor was it all surprising that he should do so , for when he recollected the high flown promises of the Noble Lord who had risen from his native woods and forests into his new quality, he had pro mised the people of Sheffield that be w ould never have to g o to his Right lion. Friend Mr. Ward to maintain the navy in all its efficiency—that the red artillery was to quench its mur derous battery, and he (Lord G. Bentinck) thought the Hon. Member for Coventry had great reason to complain when he found that amid all those promises 1200 men were to be added to the army and 50G to the marines. The Right Hon. Gen tleman the Chancellor of the Exchequer had said that he (the Member for Lynn) would certainly consent to raise four millions for Ireland, for the purpose of public works, which grant 10,000,000/. the Ministry had consented to of English to come out the for the same purpose, but it was had were likely to be useless, but he should recollect that thus aivancet was net to be expended faction that the money to be advanced for rail in i n sip Bonds, but that HonsG Right Gentleman had cougratu ways in Ireland. The slhose.4oin,ooocreasecwotf.,thebuttaxensowderitvheed from purse. The Right Hon. Gentlemanniexpressed his sails. tion, and had instituted a comparison nd butter, and had stated that on the the articles of coffee a d 1845 • 43 an , increased from tween the years l t a h t e ed ar t t h io e lo n s House n o s l ro p con -180,000 cwt., to 2 , 1843 and 1845, the increase consumption between sumption a2mso7notoed cas t: t0.)0,208070,00c0wt:wt.1,n bu c t hee b s e e twe th en e d the last the consumption had in that year an creased to Right Hod Gen h d 288,000 cwt. The . t. a been inclined to ascribe to free trade and had all this improvement asserted there was increase of 250 per cent. on the tea returns. Between 1844 an increase of and 1846 there had been anfrom 41 , 0 00,00011e5. of tea to 4;i,0 00,0001bs. in the latter year. In hops there had was from been an increase of from 27,000,000 to 32,000,000 lbs. ; and in malt there had been an increase, between 1843 to 1846, f rom 35,000,000 to 4600,000 ; but then it should be recol lectedwas owing to the repeal of the duty on that all this increase was to be ascribed to the great increase o f population. The Noble Lord then went through the several amounts of the sugar and the silk duties, alleging that in the former the increase was owing to the use of slave grown sugar, and that the increase in the duty on silks, from foreign silks, to 25,9w7,ht had been productive of great distress to " perished'H ar, e i a n r , the''j way t h e peo plethey the Suitalfields w n ha — anv t dc he honest expression of the weavers, with whom he had been placed in He agreed with them, communication ; and yet who, notwithstanding their own sufferings, bad intimated their intention of con tributing to the relief of the distress in Ireland. The letter went on to state, " and had your Lordship possessed night Honourable Gentleman ' h t sw h u ah e bv reins ejeoen.f: ttghh ei Tan o th f ihio p rseoe o awol v r ranadn e ts r dr —ty. from_h would (oLemoxa power --(Laughter, itar g her h ne: t 9oh e i r etel ta g. poor working classes of Spitalfields, for their unfortunate fellow em and expenditure, but the statement that in all this large 295,0001. had b een expended to afford a certain ' kind e f n u t r , a t t e i g upon people pon o thef joefsty's employment Governm for political ne felt deep regret at the smallness of the sum which Her Ma economy, had advanced. It would be a standard in the face of Europe, that 250,030 Christian people had perished from starvation in Ireland, while in a neighbouring country, under the more paternal Government of the King of the French, whose Government, he believed, had purchas e d nearly 200,00 of quarters of grain to feed the people of that country. Not " a man, or a woman, er a chile." —for, as t h e lang uie g of Mr. Burke, in speaking of the scarcity of 1795, had been alluded to by the Right Hon. Gentleman, he might be allowed to quote him—yes, not " a man , woman , or child had died from starva tien i>l Frone."..(iiear, hear.) And was it vossihle that t h e Irish people, when many of them had perished by thousands, could abstain from comparing their condition and their treatment with that which the people of France met with at the hands of that Government. It was not his intention to trouble the House at any length upon that occa sion; but, he must. Say that it did strike him as somewhat sur prising, that the Chancellor of the Exchequer should come down to the House and state that before long it was his inten tion to contract a loan, and that it was his intention to pay 31 per cent. W hy, 31 per cent. was not the interest which he found very general at the present moment ; and he (Lord G. Bentinck) could not help supposing that those who had money to lend, hearing that the Chancellor of the Exchequer proposed to pay 3 per cent., would not accept less, although they might. perhaps, have been disposed, if the amount had not been speci fied, to take a smaller rate. Mr. SHAW said at the time the income-tax was imposed on this country there was no machinery to carry out such a tax in Ireland. But the Hon. Gentleman was the very man to-night who, at such a time, would advise the imposition of such a tax on Ireland. If the burden was an imperial one. he was at a loss to know why Ireland should pay full half of it. If the public works were stopped suddenly, he could not see what would be done with the persons employed on those works at the pre sent moment. The small farmers, who were but Blighty re moved from the holding of a" cottier" tenement, paid as long as they could their tenants in potatoes ; but if the public works had not offered employment to the starving, prewar mortality would have been the result. The ca'amity had not been confined to Ireland, but bad extended to parts of this country, and on the continent ; and in such a state of things, it was incumbent upon this country to come forward and aid those suffering in another part of the kingdom. In referring to the statement of the Hon. Gentle man, with regard to the poor-law, he (Mr. Shaw) begged to say that he was wholly opposed to an indiscriminate out. door relief ; but as that was not the proper time to discuss a perma nent poor-law for Ireland, he would not address the House with respect to it. He did not, however, object to giving out-door relief during such a calamity as the present. He did not say that every man in this country did as he ought to do; but this he could say, that the resident landlords and absentees of Ireland had subscribed to the funds being raised to the utmost of their power. Mr. ROEBUCK explained that what he meant to say, was that the landowners of Ireland had exacerbated the evils of that country. If an inquiry were granted into the matter, he could prove that even the resident landowners had not con tributed to the fund for the relief to the poor, to the utmost of their power. It was the gentlemen of the country who were thus to blame, and not the farmers and other persons of Ireland who were to blame. If Englishmen would join him, he would drain the land of Ireland for the support of Ireland's poor. The land of England had been mortgaged for the support of the poor of Ireland ; and it was but right that the soil of Ireland should be mortgaged for a similar purpose.—( Hear, hear. ) Mr. GOULBURN would not then deal with an im- proved poor-law for Ireland. Ile knew no question more difficult to deal with than the one on which the Right lion. Gentleman (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) had addressed them. It was impossible, he thought, to lay a statement more clearly before the House than he had dono—( Hear)—and the office was one of great responsibility, inasmuch as a gentleman in his position had to pursue impor tant measures for the present, and at the same time to keep in view whatever exigencies might occur. The Right Honourable Gentleman began his speech by a statement of the expectations which he (Mr. Goulburn) held out on a former occasion with respect to the public revenue of the year which had just elapsed. He (Mr. Goulburn) said that he had stated that he anticipated there would be a surplus next year exceeding 776,0001. He confessed he had entertained sanguine expectations that that surplus would have been greater ; but as reductions of duty were made, it was impossible at-the time to which he referred to form an accurate estimate of the revenue which would be derived from the increased consumption, yet although his expectations were of a large amount, he did not estimate so large a sum as that which those reductions had already produced. Thus, instead of being 776,000/., it would be nearly 3,000,000/. The Hon. Gentleman made, he thought, o dtou n te statede e s r : r tb o h r: calculate h ,vhuh e epe on,n,seal was not stated aveni ona t tne increase the ar a eseee he ( author grownin t ll h i e r D. os sugar ugtg o ah u arer l waduertrrteei alteration had n admitted teitaneoudtsr these right into oee this country, a great increase in the consumption took place. The increase in free sugar had been 1,700,000 ewts., while the increase in slave-grown sugar was only 400,000 cwts. ; so that the increase of slave grown sugar had not increased to an ex tent to influence the revenue. Unquestionably the great in - crease in the revenue was in consequence of the facilities offered to manufactures, and to the cheapening of articles of food, by which the comforts of the people had been materially enhanced. The Noble Lord said the Hight Hon. Gentleman had encouraged the introduction of the silk of other countries ; but if they had admitted raw silk into this country, they had ex ported to other countries a great increase of manufactured silk. From the returns, it appears, that in 1844, the quantity of raw silk imported was 3,600,000 lbs. ; in 1845, 3,700,000 lbs. ; in 1846, 3,900,0001b5. ; showing a large increase in quantity over the antecedent years of the raw material imported. With re spect to the experts, he might state, that silks to the value of 692,000/. was exported in 1844 ; in 1845, to the value of 700,000/. ; in 1846, to the value of 768,000/. ; being an in crease of 68,000/. of the manufactured silk exported in the pre ceding year ; showing clearly that, however large the quantity of raw silk imported into these countries, the export trade has received a corresponding activity. That the manu facturers had suffered largely from the high prices of provisions, be regretted to say he could not doubt, But the Noble Lord further went on to say that it was net merely on the articles of silk that consumption had increased. He told them that an increase had taken place on malt and hops and other articles on which there had been a reduction. Why he admitted that such was the case—that was part of the advantage derived from that very system which he (Mr. Goul burn) had the honour of introducing to that House, which gave increased power to the industrious to purchase, by reducing the taxes on the raw mate r i a l. B u t h e t o ld u s th a t it was owing to a system of railways introduced into the country, and a large sum: of money expended mostly under the direction of the Hon. Member for Sunderland, but he ought to have re collected that the expenditure on railways has not been con fined to the last year, but to some years antecedent, years in which there had been the greatest deficiency in the revenue. He found that the London and Birmingham had expended 8,000,0001. ; that the Grand Junction had expended 4,500,000!.; the Brighton 2,800,000/. He did not wish to disparage the effects which railways had upon the country, but he said that it was not just or accordant with the fact to ascribe to them the augmentation which had taken place in the revenue, which had arisen from a reductic n on the articles of prime necessity. The Hon. Member for Montrose considered that the Government should have raised a loan in order to relieve _.„. this was exclusive of the charge for collection, and the charges on the debt. This, however, was not perhaps a fair rep resen t a ti on , b u t taking 1835: to 1846 there had been an increase of five millions in the year's expenses. le3o was before the Whi , s came into power, who made a considerable reduction ; still, at the end of 1846, there had been an increase of five millions in the year's expenses:—(Hear, hear.) He thought that when they had before them the prospect of next year increasing the burdens of the country ; he did think —perhaps it might be impertinent in him to tell the Heuse so— that it would be better for it to change its conduct, rather than impede Ministers, and cause their country to bleed at every pore : ~,,, _ _ Mr. MUNTZ said that it had been alleged that they ought not to increase the taxes at that period, but he did not see the force of this reasoning. Why should they not have an in creased property-tax? He thought it would be better to have 'heir difficulties placed before them, instead of deferring the consideration of them to a future year. He was in favour of moderate taxation, as opposed to the measure introduced that night, and would give his vote for it accordingly. Mr. B. ESCOTT thought that if the Members of that House went back to their constituents, the better it would be for the country. The Noble Lord, the Member for Lynn, had given the true solution of the policy of the Government, when he said that this was the last session of the present Parliament. But the Right Hon. Gentleman, the Member for Portsmouth, had told them very significantly that the question of finance must be considered in Parliament next year. He certainly thought this his Right Hon. Friend, the able Chancellor of the Exchequer would (as he was sure the Speaker who had last spoken, or the Noble Lord the Member for Lynn could) have introduced a better measure than that he had presented them. He thought that when this enormous sum was wanted, a con siderable reduction of taxation should have taken place. Mr. EWART was opposed to the principle of the resolution introduced by the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Those who looked to the interest of the country, must sooner or later turn their attention to the principles of direct taxation. Mr. G. BANKES was glad to see that the measure of the Noble Lord, the Member for Lynn, was receiving a greater degree of favour in that House now, than it did when it was first brought forward. The Noble Lord had proposed that they should have some return for this outlay of money, whereas, now it was proposed that they should advance the large sum of 8,000,000/., without the least prospect of a return. The Hon. Member for Winchester was pleased to say that he did not receive the Noble Lord's proposition when it was firs) propounded, with the same favour that he did now. No wonder. The Hen. Member, it was quite clear, up till now had not taken the trouble to under stand it. His Noble Friend proposed, not that the money, but the credit of England, should be brought to the aid of the people of Ireland ; but Government proposed they should give, not the credit, but the money of England, without a chance of a return.—(Hear, hear.) The Right Hon. Baronet the Member for Tamworth has asked his Noble Friend what was the credit of a country. He would tell the Right Hon. Baronet, in the words of a distinguished predecessor of his own, Mr. Pitt said "the credit of a country was not its storms, but its sunshine, which gives life and spirit to everything around without injuring the principle from which it emanates." His Noble Friend had endeavoured to throw the sunshine of the credit of England over the plains of Ireland, and he did not envy the man who could throw his shadow in its way. Ireland had a great claim upon this eountry, and England ought not to shrink from redeeming the pledges of Mr. Pitt, given at the time of the union. The time had now come when these pro mises ought to be fulfilled, and the only way to do so, was to fertilise the plains of Ireland, through the medium of English credit. Mr. M. J. O'CONNELL begged leave to remind the Hon. Gentleman who had just sat down, that the proposition of the Noble Lord would not have been a substitute for the eigbt mil lions proposed to be advanced by the Government. The money advanced under the Noble Lord's Bill would have been in ad dition to the eight millions. When the Honourable Gentle tleman said that he did not think any portions of the eight millions would be returned, it was his duty as an Irish representative to tell him that a portion of it, if not the whole, which it was proposed to advance as a loan, would be paid, and punctually paid--at all eveats, were it not, he should be prepared to support the application of the principles of di rect taxation to Ireland.—( Hear, hear). Much credit was due to the Noble Lord, the Member for Lynn, for having mooted the principle of assisting Irish railways with English capital, and while he did not agree with the details of the Noble Lord's plan, he hoped shortly to see Government introduce a measure based upon the same principle. He was gratified to witness the good feoling on the part of Hon. Members of that House towards Ireland. He was also gratified to hear the Hon. Member for Bath (Mr. Roebuck) speak in such terms of approbation of the course of conduct pursued by the Government towards Ireland, and seemingly to forget so much of those great powers of reason by which he sometimes addressed the House, and under cover of which he (Mr. Roebuck) sometimes appealed to the prejudices of Hon. Members. Mr. FINCH thought that the present unfavourable state of the circulation of the country, and the high rate of interest, arose from the deficiency of a well-regulated system of paper money. If such a system were in existence, the Chancellor of the Exchequer would be able to save the sum of 800,C001. in the loan he was about to contract. He wished to be under stood with reference to the proposed grant for the relief of Ireland, that if the sum of eight, ten, or twenty millions were to be instrumental in raising the moral and physical condition of the people of Ireland, he should say that the money would be well spent.—The resolution was then agreed to. The House resumed. Mr. GREENE brought up the report which was ordered to be reported to-morrow. LABOURING POOR (IRELAND) BILL. The report upon this Bill was brought up, and the Bill ordered to be read a third time to-morrow (Wednesday). LANDED PROPERTY (IRELAND) BILL. This Bill went through Committee, and the report was ordered to be received to-marrow. AGRICULTURAL TENANT-RIGHT BILL. Mr. PUSEY moved that this gill be read a second time, with an unde►standing that it should be referred to a Committee up stairs. Colonel SIBTHORPE objected to the Bill, as he thought it would create a jealousy between landlord and tenant calcu lated to produce the greatest mischief. Mr. SIDNEY HERBERT did not object to the measure though he came clown to the House with very different feel ings regarding it. He hoped, however, that after it was re ferred to a Select Committee up stairs, it would come down . . shorn of its objectionable provi;ions. Mr. MILES agreed with the lion. Member who had just sat down, and he hoped when the Bill should come down from the Committee it would be such as to be acceptable to all parties. After a few words from Mr. FINCH to the same effect, Mr. NEWDEGATE thought that the object of the Bill ought to be to assimilate the principle of the Bill with the practice that prevailed between landlord and tenant, and that it would be unwise to interpose any bar to mutual agreements between them. and keep down taxation. It was true that they had reduced the taxation when there had been a surplus of revenue to warrant it, in the hope that the revenue would come round by the increased consumption. But to the borrowing money from year to year, for the purpose of reducing the taxes, would be to involve the country in a round of deficiencies and misfortunes. The review of the financial state of the country could not be but satisfactory to the party with whom he had acted, and in this moment of difficulty and danger, they could not but feel that it was by firmly and man fully providing for contingencies, that the country was in so good a position. They should have been involved in a series of deficiencies and ditScultie 4, if they had followed the advice of the Honourable Member for Montrose, he came new to the consideration of how the emergency was to be met. Some Honourable Gentlemen insisted that it should be by a loan, others that Ireland should have been taxed to the full amount of her necessity. But he considered that when a great over whelming calamity brought upon the land not by human agency, but by a far higher power, when they found their crops blighted, and their subsistence removed, that they should bow to the infliction, and submit to the existing state of the coun try, he considered that a loan was the only means to meet the emergency, and he considered that it should be lent with the distinct declaration that what was now advanced as a loan must be repaid by the people for whose necessity it was granted. It might be fair hereafter to impose upon Ireland taxes to se cure the repayment of this loan, but now the only effect would be to destroy the landlords who had already done all they could and who, in the event of any taxation would be compelled to leave the country, or to leave undone those duties which they were now so stedfastly pursuing. As far as regarded the Go vernment, nothing could be more satisfactory than the speech of the Right Hon. Gentleman, the Chancellor of the Exche quer ; and it was a pledge that he intended to pursue a sound and solid system of finance, by his determination that the mea sure should not be dependent upon theexchequer alone, which should be protected from the evil effects of drawing from it so large a aum as he had proposed for the relief of Ireland. Mr. VERNON SMITH said that the Right Honourable Gentleman who had just sat down, had objected to the expression used by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, when he said that he would call the advances to Ireland a loan, and in his statement as to the way in which he intended to raise the money, he thought that the Chancellor of the Exchequer had been more in the wrong even than the Right Hon. Gentleman had supposed, for he (Mr. V. Smith) thought that if the money had been raised upon interminable annuities, that money would be much more safe, and would reflect less burden upon the country. He thought that the people of England were at t present not aware as to the extent of the measure they He gave them entering upon and its effects upon th e i r finance. adopting any the fullest oredit for generosity of feeling in ado mea sures for the relief of Ireland, and he thought that having entered upon the question they intended to propertyvideagainst any such g upon an equality calamity in future, by placing h of footing with English property;suebut he thought the means rid, in his opinion, when the adopted were not safe ones, Chancellor of the Exchequer made a his statement he could not have altogether excluded from his mind the question of inter minable annuities. Alderman THOMPSON said, that he had heard with great satisfaction the statement of the Chancellor of the Exchequer with regard to the finances of the country ; but he did think there would net be very long any surplus in the Exchequer. He did Rot think that the Government was properly aware of the THE STORY OF LILLY DAWSON, IIY MRS. CROWE, expense they would have to incur in relieving Ire- AUTHOR OF "SUSAN HOPLIY," 3 `'ors.—The above work land, for the Chancellor of the Exchequer had said is published this day, by Mr. Colburn, and may now be had that he was not sanguine that the current revenue of the at all the libraries. Mr. Colburn has also just published the country would meet the demands upon it ; and, under the cir- following new novels :-2. Temptation and Atonement, by cumstances, he thought that considernble caution should he Mrs. Gore, 3 vols.-3. Father Eustace, a Tale of the Jesuits, used in making any large advances, as Ireland was not in a by Mrs. Trollope, 3 vols.-4. Strawberry-hill, by the author state to bear any taxation for repayment at present. of " Shakepeare and his Friends," 3 vols.-5. The Romance Mr. MOFFAT was surprised that the speech of the Chan- of War ; or, the Highlanders in Spain, by J. Grant, Esq., late 62d regiment, 3 viols.-6. Cresar Borgia, by the author cellor of the Excheq uer h a d ma d e no ment i on o f t h e annua l of " Whitefriars," second edition, 3 vols.-7. Marston, by the grants. The G overnment had promised to place the annual author of " Salathiel, " second edition, 3 vols.-8. Emilia vote on something else, b u t, it seemed, nothing was to be done Wyndham, by the author of " Two Old Men's Tales," 3 vole. at present. He hop e d th e G overnm e n t would reconsider th e ' question, and that the House would not slightly part with the —9, Adventur es of Ca p t. O Sullivan, by W. H. Maxwell, power which it had over these annual votes of money. Esq , 3 vols. Mr. F. BARING differed with the Honourable Gentle- ITALIAN OPERA, PARIS.—II Doh Giovanni has man. So far from thinking the annual vote being enjoyed remarkable success this season, with Coletti for the necessary, on the other hand, he was glad that the the Don ; Lablache, Leporello ; Mario, Ottavio ; and Mmes. Right Hon. Gentleman had decided to get rid of this annual Grisi, Persiani, and Corbari as Donna Anus, Zerlina, and El botheration about particular taxes ; and in making that vire. Coletti looked magnificently as Giovanni, and gave the change he did not think the Constitution or the people would few solos allotted to the character with voluptuous grace. suffer thereby. With regard to the state of the country he INlario's only air," II meo tesoro, was poor, in comparison with believed the Right Hon. Gentleman had made a full statement Rubini's execution of that well-known melody; his voice of its financial prospects. Taxing the estimated expenditure was, however, out of order on the first night, but was toi s a u p b_ and income there appeared to be a surplus of 400,000 i. on the sequently much better. Lablache WAS, as usual, year. This was leaving out of view the money proposed to be proachable Leporello, and Mines. Grisi alt , d ow l e ' raised by extraordinary means. He quite agreed with the state- admirable as Anna and Zerlina; we own, however, introdue.'at ment of the late Chancellor of the Exchequer (Mr. Goulburn), could spare some of the profusion . of n su ° s r ic of her -,shich that they should endeavour to make the increase always meet by the latter lady into the delicious, additions ma pate f \ e • rs r ia , al t iii h i a were w we Mozartis. 3 o use the expenditure, and that he (Mr. Baring), had endenvoured toof another do so when he held the office, much as it might be said to the requires nothing Italian the k operas,ind.S uuctiat in some modern tus o "Asks is nightly i i t i e uf firs t t he ac t t h , r t e b e ; a m t touchstone of ai• contrare. Perhaps if he had had three as good harvests as that school. The t b u e e at t i o e 4 o lo of encored, Right Hon. Gentleman, he should have had as good a surplus ution, is gone throult satisfactorily, without in the Exchequer annually as the late Government. He cons tis.tie Using sidered the statement of the Right Honourable Gentles ligOciYuAL CALEDONIAN ASYLUM rti e i ax t n e e4c what ,—nis Grace the man the Chancellor of the Exchequer (Mr. Wood) Duke of Cambridge and the Duchess, and the Princess him able and explicit, and he quite agreed with Mary, and the Prince Vroderiok of Hesse, visited this inst . ! him that they ought to meet the difficulty by un extraordinary tutio yesterday, where they remained upwards of two h . They expreased themselves highly delighted with the cheer' step. No doubt some Hon. Gentlemen had objected to th; n t ful and hearty appearance of the boys. Ainbafnacill, consisting course, but that was the best course left the Gov b eLom i e je nt did of thirty of t e bor, played several national airs, while the aptain Lamont. present circumstances. Had it been ever so d rest danced on t e lawn, all of them : not think it would have been possible to have digested esiEa n'teasures 11. rl l I tg, i an( of a permanent character soon enough to bo of service. Should, however, the next year present a similar aspect to the present costume. The Princess Mary requested C ./ , 0 which. he one, then he was decidedly of opinion that some means would R.N., to give the boys a holiday t yesterday A' e NWELL IRON COMPANY. readily ac have to be taken to make up the deficiency other than by H loa d n d s ceded. Bk —Th first or the funding of a permanent debt.—( Hear, hear.) thee Hon. Member for Coventry, that pre- this company was held not agree with the Governments, for several years past, had been needle- street. The chair was st meeting of' sent and past Govern had , ine....which s a nd that they ought to have reduced the when a report was read, ';.,rich f „, ..... the office in Thread ... Ken by B. Barnett, Es, . i , showed that the or• - o ti e l e ' s very extravagant , In answer to that, the Government had been, all at the mite, expenses. very economical. Had they yielded to the induced • - nad o illy to be b en eli a ev sh e o t r i t time e .. turn out very productive, and ' -- the directors • .. Oaaulelice.si, things considered, tions made to them, there would have been a much WOUladc '3lle enter l prise representations than there had been. Still there had been 0 greater increase riAst the ore woak be • crease notwithstanding. From 183/1 e.- - . rich in proportion, that extracted ',..,.,,1,,,,' „.. „,.„0„e, . 2 h teelet great in .., 1846 1 forty-four per cent.of • '-' ''. 1*"."."5 rn'''''''' '. -."'''.. OWN had Oen an actual ingke.w of - iron, . 6 r ~ „„,.. 3 ,„, - seven millions t adopted,when the meet , . , •A n °Pgtg4":, l 4 Wo -660114 "''' "A 4 4494\4 ... ' • Mr. B. ESCOTT believed that as this Bill was to be sen up stairs it would be useless to say anything about the farmers ers of of the object of it was the gre t a r t s q te u d est t i h o a n t amongthe consequence t this country, he on ly sending it up stairs, would not be, as he feared it would be, to shelve it for the present session. Mr. HINDLEY thought that the Bill had been so care lessly drawn that the effect of it would be to render the position of the farmer worse than it was now, for the consequence would be only for landlords to keep their tenants constantly under notice to quit. He trusted, kowever, if it were sant up stairs, that every clause would be searchingly gone through. Sir W. JOLLIFFE thought that if this Bill were to extend to every part of the country, the tenants' rights in Surrey and Sussex would be very much restricted. Mr. PUSSY said that in reply to the observation that the Bill was carelessly phrased, he had to say that it. had been drawn up by one of the first conveyancers in London. From several years experience with the improvement of the country, he had been led to turn his attention to this subject, and the Bill was the result of many years experience. The Bill was then read a second time, and ordered to be re ferred to a Select Committee. BIRTHS, DEATHS, AND MARRIAGES (SCOTLAND BI LL. ) The LORD ADVOCATE moved for leave to bring in a Bill for the registration of births, deaths, and marriages in Scotland. Any one, he thought, who was acquainted with the parochial registers of Scotland, could not fail to see the neces sity of such a Bill. Mr. FORBES did not so much object to the principle of the Bill, as to the expenses which it would involve. Leave was then given to bring in the Bill. MARRIAGE IN SCOTLAND. The LORD ADVOCATE moved for leave to introduce a Bill to amend the law of settlement affecting the constitution of marriage. His object was to narrow the evidence with re spect to marriages, to have them registered, and to make ate registry accessible to all parties, and not in any way to affect the religious law on the subject. The subject was one of the utmost importance to the people of Scotland. Sir J. GRAHAM said he was excessively glad that such a measure had been undertaken by the Noble and Learned Lord. He considered that the most flagrant abuses had existed in the facility which was given to parties not resident in Scotland, hut merely passing over the borders for the purpose of con tracting marriage without the licence of their parents and guardians. The LORD ADVOCATE said that the subject was one of great difficulty, but it would be very easy to introduce a short clause, by which, the registrar would be prevented from solemnizing a marriage unless one of the parties had been resi dent in the country for a certain number of days before the marriage. The House then adjourned at Half-past Twelve o'clock. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen and Prince Albert rode out on horseback-, yes.* terday, in the vicinity of Claremont, attended by some of the gentlemen of the royal suite. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince Alfred, the Princess Rival, and the Princess Alice walked and rode on ponies, yesterday, in Claremont-park. Her Royal High— ness the Princess Helena was also taken an airing yesterday. Sir Robert and Lady Gardiner had the honour of joining the royal dinner circle, at Claremont, yesterday evening. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, attended by Lady Fanny Howard, arrived at Cashiobury-park, Herts, the, residence of her Majesty the Queen Dowager, yesterday morning from town. Her Royal Highness partook of at deirune with her Majesty,and in the afternoon left Cashiobury- , park for town. Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cam bridge and the Princess Mary, and his Serene highness Prince Frederic of Hesse, attended by Baroness Hammer stein, Baron Koeseback, and Mr. Edmond Mildmay, visited and inspected the M , Ael Prison at Pentonville ye-terda) ,- . Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, attended by Lady Fanny Howard and Sir George Cooper, honoured thes performance of the French plays with her presence last evening. A de - potation from the Steam-ship Owners Association, consisting of Mr. C. Wve Williams, Mr. Hartley, Mr- Wilson, Mr. Anderson, Mr. Hall, and Mr. Morgan, the Secretary of the Association, and accompanied by Mr. Matthew Forster, M.P., had an interview vesteadav - 'with the Earl of Clarendon at the office of the Board of Trade. The Right Hon. the Speaker of the House of Commons, and Sir William Heathcote, had an interview with the Right Hon. E. Strutt yesterday at the Offi,!e of the Commissioners of Railways. Mr. Greene, M.P., had also an interview with the Right Hon. Gentleman yesterday. THE THEATRES. DRURY LANE. -- Vincent Wallace's new opera of Matilda was produced here, last evening, with all the success that the most en thusiastic friend of the gifted composer could desire, and what is better still—the success was most deserved. The composition of the opera bears throughout the impress of genius, but of genius chastened, elevated, pelfection ated (if we may be allowed to coin a word) by study and science. The choruses are magnificent. The last chorus of senators, in particular, is a massive composi tion worthy to take its place by the side of the grand choruses of Beethoven or of Weber. The finale is brilliant piece of fioriture, which was most brilliantly rendered by Miss Romer, and was rewarded by an encore. The opera, too, is replete with melody There is a spirited drinking song by Weiss, which wa admirably given, and in the third act a little gem o melody "A Lowly Youth, a Mountain Child," which was exquisitely given by Miss Rebecca Isaacs, and which will be the favourite drawing-room ballad of the opera. The piece is mounted in most superb style. The last scene, the Grand Hall of the states of Bohemia, is a perfect marvel of effect. The success of the opera. Wf.S deservedly most triumphant. Miss Romer, and llarrison, (both of whom were in admirable voice) were called for at the conclusion. Then Mr. Wallace was called for, and then Mr. Bunn had to come forward and bow his thanks to one of the most crowded audiences ever assembled within the walls of Old Drury. LYCE UM. The Lyceum has long been remarkable for the excel lence of the matter, and the admirable manner in which comic extravaganza's have been got up, but never has it produced one more calculated to run through many suc cessful nights, and to attract bumper houses, than that which has this night appeared from the pro lific pen of Mr. Charles Dance, and which may truly be termed a new, original, musical, magical, and romantic, necromantic, zoological, and ornithological extravaganza. The scenery is admirably got up, and would alone be sufficient to gratify the sight-seers and to ensure the success of a far inferior performance; but the Enchanted Forest scarcely requires such assistance. There are some admirable hits and genuine wit sparkles in every line. Mr. Dance has exceeded any of his former pro ductions, and has placed himself in the first rank of the caterers for holiday folks, and certainly he has no cause of complaint either as to the performers or the audience, as to the manner in which his piece was produced or received. We have seldom seen an audience better disposed to receive everything in a friendly m anner , or to be satisfied and pleased with that which was produced for their amusement. The plot is taken from on e o f those old fairy tales that have been the delight of our infancy, that bring back so vividly the happy days of childhood to our memories, that we could not, however crossed or embittered we may have become during the battle of life, refrain froth feeling our sorrows departing and our hearts rapidly overflow ing with the milk of human kindness ; in such a dispo sition, it would be impossible to criticise with much. severity that which was brought before us, and, in truth every spectator seemed to receive it in such a spirit. The first scene opens before the castle of Count Wulfild, a poor knight in hopes of better days, who has fallen from his high estate, and is suffering all the pressure of poverty; his retainers have deserted him, friends have fallen away, and all have abandoned the victim of poverty save a benevolent magician, who, as in duty b oun d, takes the f am ily un d er hi s especial protection, and acts as their single servant. There is then a scene in the castle with the Count himself (enacted, moss admirably, by Keeley), who, exasperated at a, number of refusals of any assistance from sup posed friends, determines to brave the horrors of the enchanted forest, and to bring back some game for dinner. In the third scene we have his t !:,rrific adven tures therein. Having shot a hare. 'ne thereby falls into the power of Prince Bruin., who comes forward in the shape of a bear, be:, who proves his goo d breeding by dancing and 'Lnging a mock bravura, given by Mr. Wigan in his 'oast style ; he consents, however, to accept the halv:., of the Count's eldest daughter as a ransom for tits forfeit life, and to pay one hundred weight of gold as a dowry. Similar indiscretions place the unhappy Count in the power of Princes Eagle and Dolphin, who permit him again to redeem his life by the sacrifice of a daughter to each, the first to pay two hun dred weight of gold, and the second three sacks of pearls. The Count, on his return, relates his adventures in some- thing of abombastic vein, magnifying the number of the bears, like Falstaff's men in buckram, but is surprised to find the Princes arrive to claim their re spective brides, who, as they come in the shape of hand some young men, with magnificent trains, depart with them nothing loath. The second act gives the r.d venture of their brother, the Wonder Child (Mrs. Keely), in the Enchanted Forest, who discovers his sister-,,, and after a narrow escape from the devouring pro pensities of his brothers-in-law, who are but men one day in seven, at length discovers the mann e r in which the spell is to be broken, by his rescuing their sister the Princess Hildegarde from the wicked Necromancer's power, and awe icing her from her enchanted slumber. This is achieved in the third act, and the whole wiads up with a magnificent scene, and the reunion of all parties. The piece was announced for repetition every night, amidst thunders of applause, and without a single dissentient voice, while Keeley and the author, who was loudly called for, bore their blush ing honours thrust upon them. The music was very neatly arranged by A. Lee, and strange to say, , although a first night, there was not a single mistake or failure in ailure in the almost magical changes of scenery. The piece s certain to become a standing favourite, and to, afford the most sterling evidences of its success to the worthy author and the enterprising manageress. DETERMINED SUICIDE.—On Sunr!tay morning, as a man was walking towards the entrance, of Victoria-park, he perceived a quantity of blood close to a gravel pit, and on proceeding towards it discovered t'de body of a man in the pit with his throat cut, and quite dead. He immediately informed the police, who conviryed the body to the Hackney workhouse, where it remains awaiting a coroner's inquest. The deceased was about thirty-eight years of age, and was respectably dressed. He must have first inflicted the wound, and during his struggles have rolled into the pit. At present he has not been identified. TUE MACKAREL FISIIERY.—There are upwards or 150 boats engaged in this fishery, now in this harbour. Each boat carries a crew of seven —generally six men and one boy. With the exception of some four or five boats, they hail front trighton, Shoreham, Reigate, and other places eastward, and from Penzance, westward of this port. During the past week large catches of mackarel have been taken. On Saturday last thousands were sent off by the railroad to the London. and Bristol markets, and a market for them. is now procured through railway agency in Birmingham. Thousands were retailed on that day in this town at one penny each.—Pig mouth Journal. AL on FridayEXANDßEDinumthxes..—acTtiohnes CisTl il ' E rrib C u A na s l E gaveo M. judgmenti brought by M. de Girardin, gerant of the Prt&se, and M. Veron, gerant of the Constitutionnel, against M. Alexandre Dumas, for the breach of engagements into which he had en tered relative to the supply and publication, of his romances. The judgment in both cases are the same, The Court ordered that within six weeks from the Ist of narch next Alexandre Dumas shall be obliged to remit tel Emile de Girardin the manuscript of the first of tha voltnnes of whictr the tribunal declares him debter—that is to say, the continuation of the " lUmoires d'un Mectecin," and that he shall remit the other volumes from month to month, beginning 15th April next, until he shall have entirely cleared off the arrear ; and, in case- Dumas shall neglect to make the deliveries within the time specified, condemns him to pay to Emile de Girardin the sunk of 1001. for each day's delay during three mon ths ; orders. that in case of non-payment of the said damages, Dumas shall be liable to arrest, when the amount shall have exce eded 300 f.; says that there is no ground for deciding relat' Ave to the volumes to be furnished from 11th December, 1 ,846, to Ist of April, 1847; but orders only that the treat, _ / shall be executed in its form and tenor, except, I: o weee-_. as regards the term of the debt., which is proro• gu ed f tom the Ist of April, 1847, to the Ist of July foll,:sming, 'the period of th com mencement being changed; rAlexandre ondem4-ds Dumas(l to pay to Emile de Girardin 3 ,',loof. as damages for the delay in the execution of the trep .. ' ~ e 3 with liabilit of non-4;,,iyment, but on 1y in six months from o arrest in case dem*:, s Emile de Girardin to the expenses B :sainst the other -,iew of the d eman d . spapers, as demand sgains .!-, Dumas with respectalso to the expenses of the the Mode i condemns the Mode t to the advertisement in; dr,- mard a:gainst it, but only up t March,o the expenses of the it gave satisfaction to the complainants; o 1846, at vihich per',od to the expenses of the omplainants ; conr',emns De.mas of December 14th, demand contained in 'the conclr.sions treaty necessitated by 1846, including the registrationof the process • and , J rders that 4 , .he cost and signification of the Dumas." A similar order was Ina- ( 1 9 with regard to the con.. stitutionntl. TILE ELECTRIC TELEGR ,k.rn IN THE UNITED ST kTE , s.—A correspondent, ca 'Galignani's Messenger has fur nished to that paper so -, 1 1 pf. .rticulars illustrating the extent to which the electrical sYsl r e'et has been carried in thlFUnited. States, and the w' it has 2 er ection to which attained. j rking r f ' A line " has be en cony ileted across the Allegheny Moun tains, and it " , and Pitts i 1 flax wor 4ed admirably between Philadelphia nrg—a . I .iistance of 300 miles. The journals of Pittsbur -, them . .g have published the proceedings of Congress of one all 4 don on the following morning; and this is the case with:. - r .he news from the great cities of the Atlantic , coast. The , 1 .ilessago of the Governor to the Legislature of New York, delivered at Albany on the 7th ult., and consisting of two , columns and a half of solid nonpareil, was published in -Met city of New York two hours after its delivery, having 'oeect transmitted sentence by sentence by the electric teleiasph. A company has been formed, with adequate capital, to con struct a telegraphic communicatiun between Washir igtOTI and New Orleans, by the way of .4chmond, CIAO utoil, 1140411e4 4gt anSCS, night alba ,0001 i Rita '.-~. .~