The Sun. — London, England, 1847-05-06 00:00:00

LITERATURE. . _ STORY OF THE CAPTIVITY OF NAPO LEON TA INDIA. AFFGHANISTAN AND PESHAWUR. (From the Delhi Gazette, March 17.) The interest which attaches to the fate of the son of Dost Mahomed Khan has induced us to be a little more prolix than usual in our translation of the letter last re ceived from Caubul, and which brings intelligence to the 9th February, commencing with the 29th of January. On this day a person came in great haste to the durbar about ten o'clock, to inform the Ameer that Nawab Ma homed Zuman Khan was suffering much from violent pain in his stomach, and was vomiting blood. A second message was soon after brought from Sooja-ood-Dowlah , stating that his father was very ill, and was very anxious to see the Ameer before his death, which he was confi dent was approaching. His Highness immediately broke up the durbar, and proceeded to the house of Nawab, but before he could reach it he received intelligence to the effect that the good old chief had expired. The Ameer immediately gave orders for the arrangement of the funeral ceremonies, which being carried out, the body was, on the same day, committed to the grave, large sums being bestowed in alms on the occasion. After this the Arneer went to console the sons of the departed Nawab, declaring that his death was as much a source of sorrow to him as it could possibly be to them. It was agreed further, that as the Wuzeer was himself reported to be very sick, and this news might have an unfavourable effect on him, a proclamation should be issued prohibiting any mention of it being made in letters sent to the camp of the Wuzeer. On the 30th January the Ameer,attended by a large retinue, went to the house of Nawab Sooja ood-Dowlah to read the Futehah, and the whole town was mourning the death of Zuman Khan, every mouth being full of his praises. A hurkaru arrived this day from Gundamuk, and brought news that the troops of Wuzeer Mahomed; Akbar Khan had destroyed all the forts itt the neighbourhood of that place belonging to the Mamakhel people, carried away all the wood that was moveable, burnt what they could not remove, and plundered the whole of the property of the inhabitants. It was also stated that the Wuzeer had determined on building a cantonment at Gundamuk, where troops were to be permanently located for the protection of travellers. The Ameer again went, on the 31st of January, being the third after the death of the Nawab, to the house of Sooja-ood-Dowlah,' and performed the ceremonies usual on the occasion, which lasted till past mid-day. On his return to the palace the Ameer held a private consulta tion with Meer Hajee Saheb, at which the cause of the death of the Nawab was taken into consideration, many people having openly expressed their belief that he had been poisoned. On the following day the Ameer de puted to his sons, Sirdars Afzul Khan and Amram lihan, the duty of presiding at the durbar, pleading sickness as the cause of his own absence. He was said to have received intelligence regarding the proceedings of Malionied Shah Khan, Ghilzaie, which had added to , his annoyance. Heavy rain and snow. are rep6fted to have fallen on this day. On the following day a letter came from the Wuzeer's camp, praying that all the shoe and boot-makers (Moze-doz) in Caubul might be col lected to prepare boots for the use of his trnops, whom he was about to lead against some forts high up the mountains, where snow was still lying deeply. A feud , broke out about th e same ti me amo ngst the sons of Nawab Zuman Khan, in consequence of his having ne glected to dispose of his property by will previous to his death, and they called upon the Ameer to decide between them. On the 3d of February news came in that the Wuzeer had made all his preparations for attacking the remaining forts of th e Ghil za i es , notw i t h stan di ng that the people had come to offer the most favoarable terms. The troops had, in anticipation of the operations, moved to Amoorkee-khel. On the 4th of the same month the Ameer directed a letter to be addressed to Mahomed Shah Khan, Ghilzaie, reproaching him with his conduct, which had induced him to abandon the camp of the Wuzeer at the time that he was most wanted. He re ceived a long letter from Abd-00l Azeez Khan and other chiefs of the Ghilzaies, inquiring what crimes they had committed, since the late accommodation, that should have induced the Wuzeer to make war upon them and their people in the frightful manner which he bad com menced on ? The Ameer replied that if the Chief would submit terms for his consideration they should be forwarded, if reasonable, to the Wuzeer, with instruc tions to discontinue his operations. The son of Nawab Mahomed Zuman Khan, being instigated thereto by some malicious people, brought an accusation against Ahdoollah, the Kashmeeree steward of their father, of having been the instrument of his death. Letters were sent on the 6th of February, summoning Sirdars Haider Khan and Ameen Khan, sons of the Ameer, to Caubul, with all the haste they could make. On the following day intelligence was received that the Wuzeer, having again moved from his late encampment, had gone against Bala bagh, and allowed his soldiers to commit the most horrible acts of depredation. A durbar was held on the 7th, at which a rumour which was spread during the night, that a number of the Ghilzaies had attacked and de feated the Wuzeer, was discussed with much anxiety. Sirdar Haider Khan, who had only just arrived from Ghuznee, immediately set out for Gundamuk with a few attendants, and he had scarcely left when a hurkaru arrived bringing full particulars of the battle which had taken place, from which it appeared that the Wuze2r had in reality been victorious, having anticipated the attack of the tribes, killed many of them, taking others prisoners (some of whom he put to death after they had surrendered), and plundered every article of their pro perty within reach. Snow having fallen immediately after the battle, the Wuzeer returned to his old encamp ment at Gundamuk, and was reported by the hurkaru to have suffered much from the exertions he had made, while a private letter given to the Ameer caused a great change in his manner. This was attributed to authentic accounts of the state of the Wuzeer's health, regarding whom it became generally iumbuted that he bad be come suddenly so much - worse that he had been obliged to leave Gundamuk for Jeffilabad. This gave rise to a renewed suspicion of his having been poisoned in 'the same manner. its Nawab Zuman Khan. On the 9th of February, the last date of our corrcspon dent's letter, the whole of Caubul is rei.resented to.have been in a state of almost breathless anxiety as to the fate of Mahomed Akbar Khan, some of the inhabitants being instigated by fear and most more by hope, while the Ameer, attended by various members of his Court and the high priest, went to the several shrines to offer up prayers for the recovery of the Wuzeer. While so engaged, a horseman, who had quitted the camp of the Wuzeer at Lughman, came into the town, and had no sooner delivered his budget to the Ameer than a rumour immediately spread that the Wuzeer was dead, and the news is said to have afforded satisfaction to a large pro portion of the population, especially to the Kuzzulbashes. The general impression was that he had beenu the poisoned, and our news a rater , being satisfied of the authenticity of the intelligence, thought it best to send off his letters at once instead of waiting for further particulars, which he promises in his next communication, and for which we will now wait before giving our sketch of the de ceased Wuzeer's life. Our Peshawur letter brings intelligence down to the 16th of February. It opens with an account of the pre parations of all kinds made to do honour on his arrival to Major Lawrence, of the summons sent to all the neighbouring Chiefs to present themselves on the occa sion, and the daily . reviews which were gone through to bring the troops into order. The streets were ordered to be cleaned thoroughly, as also the various bazaars, and new clothes were issued to the greater part of the soldiery. On the 12th of February authentic in telligence was conveyed to the Governor, Sirdar Aopar Singh, that Sirdar Peer Mahomed, who had with Sneed Mahomed Khan come to Peshawur to be present at the entry of Major Lawrence, had received accounts during the previous night of the death of his nephew, Mahumed Altbar Khan, and that both the Barukzaie Chiefs had immediately expressed their determination of quitting the town with the intention of going to Husht nuggur. Allowing that the news must have travelled to Caubul more rapidly than to Peshawar, and have got there in about 18 or 20 hours, we may safely cal culate that the death of the Wuzeer occurred on the Bth of February. ce, THE ScorTrsu HOSPITAL. —Yesterday the Spring festival of this ancient and excellent charity was celebrated by a public dinner at the Star and Garter Hotel, Richmond, under the presidency of his Gra ce the Duke of Monat_rotse he . I'he company, though not so numerous as we have 11 d pleasure to meet on previous celebrations at the Lond on T ave rn, was highly respectable . Amon g the visitors were Colonel More, M.P., Colonel Tinling, the Rev. Dr. C um ming, Major Adair, Dr. 'Copeland, 11r. J. T. Alston, Mr. Coates, Mr. Maxwell, Secretary of the Royal Highland Society, Mr. E. Scard, Mr. M. Boyd, Mr. Henderson, &c. After the usual complimentary toasts, the Chairman, in proposing ', Prosperity to the Scottish Hospital," expa tiated on the national importance of an institution which, in the absence of all legal claim . , to parochial relief, ad i ministered 'to Scotchmen who happened to be over. taken by temporary distress in the metropolis, such oppor. tune assistance as often enabled them, without incurring the degradatiotrof pauperism, to retrieve their circumstances and resume a position of respectability and usefulness as members Of society. It was much to be regretted that whereas for merly the governors had been enabled to fund some of the money contributed . to the society in the shape of donations and legacies, its income last year was not equal to the expen diture. Independently of the annuities given to pensioners, relief has been administered to more than 800 poor persons every month ; on the average to 4,000 in the course of the year. The deficit, occasioned partly no doubt by the peculiar pressure of the present season, amounted to nearly six hundred pounds. He trusted the patriotism and generosity of Scotchmen would not allow this arrear to remain an incubus on the society's operations; _ but t.,e that by augmenting its resources they would extend the sphere of its most useful and beneficent operations._ T he secretary then announced a subscription of npwards of 40U Dowager, 521. —including the Queen, 105/. ; lOs ; the Duke of Sutherland, half tlie y Qeaurel Y e7 l s o o /; ; Mr. Cosmo the Duke of Montrose, 211. •, the Duke of Cambr idge, s. ; ..: 6 %tr. Hender son, 21/. ; the Earl of Rosebery, ( 54 son, 10'. 10i. Sm. The healths of the l Duke of Richmond. of Sutherland and president of the Hospital; the Duc hes s the ladies patronesses; the Duke of Montrose,.c h hairman • the Duke of anceleuchl president of the Scott's Branchl Society ; the Rev. Dr. Cumming, the stewards and ffi of the institution, were severally toasted; and the company, who were delighted with some excellent singing from Mr. liansford and Miss Cubitt, with several other professionals coadjutors, separated before ten o'clock. ALLEGED LIBEL ON THE DIRECTORS OF THE EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY.—The directors of the com pany have caused steps to be taken to ascertain the name of the writer of certain letters which have lately appeared in the columns of our contemporary, the Independent Press , in sinuating that the sum of 960,0001.— a to l era bl e it em c er. tainly—had utterly disappeared in a manner which could not be accounted fur on any known principles. The name of the writer has been given, and is found to be that of a director of the Royston and Hitchin Railway Company. This gentle man appeared before the mayor on Thursday, and gave bail to answer an indictment for libel at the next assizes for this county. —Cambridge Advertiser. Prince Scipio Gaspard Gorghese, Duke de Sal viati, son - of the Prince and Princess Aldobrondini, is to be shortly married to Mdlle. Isabelle de Fitzjames, daughter of the Dhho de Fitzjamer,.4-Galignani. . - IRELAND. SPREAD OF FEVER. DUBLIN, MAY 3.—The accounts, particularly from the western and southern counties, exhibit an alarming increase of pestilence in several districts ; but it is worthy of remark, that in all cases where efficient sanatory arrangements are adopted, a decided decrease la the virul ence o f t h e ma l a dy h as been the consequence. n some parts of th e nor th ern province too, for instance, in Enniskillen, In in Lurgan,e last-named an I Belfast, town,f ever n n i s mak , making fearful m a public p rovid i meeting providing additional w a h s hospital d t , c) ak ar rangements d for to gener u a r l suesobinsceriopftit ac co Subjoined raiseao h n e . accounts received this day:— '• ai continues h to b rage SLIGO, MAY 1.--Typhus fever still with unabated fury. she ° i s town is now in the state the poor! houseague s w p a o s t ; i n t f e n r in w e r o l l whole Fever is in every street, and fever of the worst kind. .If .. the Almighty God do not mitigate this dreadful dis temper, we have, particularly now as the warm weather approaches, a horrible prospect before us. COUNTY OF GALWAY.—BALLINASLOE, MAY 1. We regret that fever rages in the workhouse of this town to a very violent degree. On Thursday the schoolmas ter fell a victim to this virulent disease. EY RECOU RT, APRIL 30.—Fever is s; reading furiously in this town and neighbourhood ; cases of dysentery are also not uncommon. A great many persons .con tinue to emigrate to the United States of America. Our relief committee is contributing greatly to dimin ish the dreadtulness of famine. Meal and soup are distributed every day to the famishing applicants for out-door-relief. KING'S COUNTY.—BANAGHER, A PRI L 30. -- This neighbourhood is truly in a most melancholy condition. The poor famine-worn inhabitants are falling fast from fever and dysentery. 'The clergymen are absolutely exhausted, between attending relief committees awl the death-beds of the afflicted. COUNTY OF KERRY.—TRALEE, MAY 1.--Tile MIM- I ber of paupers in the workhouse is 1,064. The deaths during the past week amounted to 26 ; and the dis charges to 29. Four weeks ago the commissioners ordered that there should be no more admissions until the paupers in the house were reduced to 1,000 in number. The inmates were then 1,350. The deaths since then amounted to 139, and the discharges to 149, reducing the number in excess to 64. The Fever Hospital gates have been closed against the reception of any more pa tients for want of room. AWFUL CONSEQUENCES OF IMPERFECT SEPULTURE. ,--MAD Docs.—ln the neighbourhood of Castleisland and Ballylongfod, from the imperfect covering thrown on the dead victims of famine, troops of dogs prey from day to day on the bodies. This is not all : violent mad ness is the result, which has already led these rabid ani mals not only to attack one another, but the cattle in the fields. The authorities and .the gentlemen of the county should at once look to them. , MILLTOWN, APRIL 30.--Fever is on the increase in this much-neglected and miserable place. There are at least thirty cases at present, and it is to be feared that the disease will not be confined to this number, owing to the want of some sort of hospital to send those poor wretched creatures to. The several labourers employed on the public works in this locality rushed into the town yesterday, and were disposed to act with great violence. Even some of them had the audacity to lay hands on the parish priest, and used threatening language.—Tralee Chronicle. THE PUBLIC WORES.—The Sligo Chronicle says:— "We have just ascertained that an order has come down to continue the able-bodied labourers upon the public-. works." EMIGRATION—SLIGO, MAY I.—From the sth of Jan. to the present date, 3,239 persons left this port direct for America. Of this number 176 went in the Carricks , which was chartered by Lord Palmerston. CLONMEL, MAY I.—ATTACH BY A LARGE ARMED MOB, AND ROBBERY OF FLOUR.—On yesterday a most daring attack was made on a boat laden with flour, on her way from this town to Waterford. She started at eleven o clock, accompanied by the usual military escort, but was delayed on her passage at Two-mile-Bridge, where a delay occurred in consequence of the boat hav ing grounded; however, after some time she was got off. She had on board one hundred and fifty sacks of flour, seventy sacks of which were the property of Messrs. Thomas Hughes and Son, 'and the re mainder the property of Messrs. Thomas and James Hughes. When the boat reached Poulakerry, the military escort returned to town, and she proceeded on her way without an escort, there being, we should imagine, some misunderstanding, as the Carrick escort usually met the boats at this point. When the boat arrived at or near Bally dine, a large mob of persons had assembled on the banks of the river, about one hundred in number, several of whom were armed with guns and blunderbusses. The boat was ordered to stop by one man, who had his gun presented, several of the party also presenting at the same time. The persons managing the boat being placed in terror of their lives through the threats of the attacking party, brought the boat to the bank, when the mob compelled the boatmen to go into the cabin, and commenced the plunder. They had a " yawl" in their possession at this time, which was also laden with flour, and they took from the two boats no less than 50 sacks of flour, saying at the same time, "The devil's cure to those who would eat yellow meal when they could get good flour." One of the women in the mob had her apron full of fire-arms, which she laid on a fence for the purpose of terrifying the boatmen. On this morning 26 additional constables arrived here from the depot, Piernix Park, under the command of Adjutant Manby, for the purpose of strengthening the several sta tions in this district.— Tipperary Con..titution. TILE CROPS—TILLAGE OF"rilE LAND. SLIGO, MAY I.—The crops are looking exceedingly well, and, up to this, the prospect of a good harvest is most cheerful. It is true that a large portion of the ground remains untilled.—Sligo Champion. TRALEE, MAY 1.-Our reports of the early crop are favourable. A gentleman in the vicinity of Tralee, who sowed rye last August in potato land, i m mediately after 4iggirg the early crop, informs us that it has come in for spring feeding on the Ist of April, in ear, and the ground is vacant again for another crop Mach injury has been effected by the storm of Tuesday. In many places, the early potatoes, which were exhibiting every promise of health and abundance, hare been nipped and checked.— Trake Chronicle. MURDER.—On Thursday last, the body of an unknown man, aged about forty, was found buried in the cailows of Clonkeen, in the parish of Killian, near Kentstown. From the deposition of the medical gentleman who examined the body, it is probable that he had been strangled ; and, from the state of the body, it could not have been interred more than four or five days. No money was found on his person. An inquest was held on the body of the unfortunate stranger, and a verdict of wilful murder returned against some person or per sons unknown.—Ballinasloe Star. REPEAL ASSOCIATION. The weekly meeting of the association was held this day, Mr. E. W. O'Mahony (barrister) in the chair. Mr. JOHN O'CONNELL wished, before the business of the day commenced, to express in a few but sincere words the deep regret which he as an Irishman felt, and he was quite sure the Association participated in the feeling, at the announcement of the illness—he feared he should say the fatal illness—of their Lord-Lieutenant. It was true they had nothing to thank the Government for—it was very true they had much to blame them for ; but it was his (Mr. O'Connell's) sincere conviction that Earl Bessborough was in no way blameable for the short-comings of the Government ; and he felt satisfied that if his dispositions and his representations had had their due weight with the English Cabinet, Ireland would at that moment be in a ig ndition far different from her present miserable situation. [During the ad dress of the Honourable Gentleman Captain Clarke of the Victor, the ship which brought the cargo of provi sions from the citizens of New York, for the relief of the distressed people of this country, entered the meet ing, and on being introduced was warmly received.] Mr. O'Connell congratulated the Association on the ap pearance of an American citizen in Conciliation Hall, and then gave notice that a special meeting of the Asso ciation and of repeaters generally be held on Thursday, for the purpose of expressing their unbounded andffoorvdeerd e - flowing gratitude to Amic era for the ti assistance a by her to the starring people of I 1 d (Cheers.) h e expressed p h i- c a s d s e e d x r h e i r s r ic ac n a c k e n d 7 a l e n d d g m o b e n s e t s r v f e o d r t he C k ap ii t i a d in re C e L ep A t n ion E that his sympathy was, and ever had been, with old Ireland.—(Cheers.) Mr. W. J. KELLY, solicitor (the gentleman who has exhibited to public view the landlordism of Mayo), ex pressed his regret he was not able to fulfil his promise of bringing under the consideration of the association and of the world the conduct of certain landlords in Mayo. The reason of his not being able to do so was that a criminal information had that day been moved for against him in the Court of Queen's Bench, at the suit of Mr. Gilden. clerk of the peace for the county of Mayo. The ground of the proceeding was that he had charged Mr. Gilden with being a " corrupt scoundrel ;" but he believed it was a prosecution got up by the Mayo land lords, in re turn en f o O r r in t it h : e es d i i o s . cf a o r s d u s re s the h i regard to their e r tenantry. His withH i prove his allegation. he sta , ements answer to the . prosecution was that he was ready to e Rev. Mr. MONACJIAN corroboroantesd a t nd mentioned had particularly' dis the names of some l andlords b acts of omission and commis iinguished themselves y made by Mr. Kelly on frii e r w o h c o c a s b ion toward s their tenants. O'CONNELL stated that the accounts recently received with regard to his father's health were not of a Mr . J. cheering character. lie had suffered severely from the combined effects of his journey and the inclement weather, a nd would not therefore be able to proceed at once to Rome, but would be under the necessity of re maining a mouth, or perhaps two, in the south of France. After some further business had been disposed of, Mr. John O'Connell proceeded to address the meeting, and en concluding announced the rent for the week to be 27/. 17s. The meeting then adjourned. 11F .LANCROLY ACCIDENT.—On Tuesday morning, a little before ten o'clock, an engine stalk, which has lately been erected by John Wilson, Esq., near the School-yard. Pits, Bo'ness, tell with a tremendous crash, in the direction of the School-brae ,-. destroying one house of four storeys in height, and another of one storey. The inhabitants of the buildings were buried in the ruins ; from which one butfe le was taken out dead , and several others severely injured who are since progressing favourably. It is remarkable that more lives were not lost, as the road over which the stalk fell is the one leading to the parish school, and the accident happened at the very hour of the assembling of the school.— kaimburgh Post. R o y AL I BN E HosPITAL, GRAY'S IN N-LANE. — The influx of a pplicants to this charity, during the past few days, has so greatly increased, that it has been found utterly impossible to attend to all applicants. At a meeting of the board held last evening, the Rev. Dr. Rice in the chair, it was stated that distress and its concomitant debility and fever, induced by tile unusual inclemency of the season, caused a great portion of the existing misery *A SiCk4efse k 1 S' MontholonVo/s • and IV. B, Cea era! Count Exa Y twenty- s i x years ago, dating from this sth ct 3', 18 47, namely, on the sth of May, 1821, Vie Emperor Zb ? ie leen died in the arms of Montholon on the mist.,r -ftot'sl"(l of St Helena. It cannot be without recunar f rt lon that those who sympathize with genius and mis jilo„"e, op, n a narrative penned by so faithful and Alec tha"tate an adherent. The aspiration of Lord -Plmerston, of 411 eur old animosities should be buried in . the is tomb the Napoleon, has been long since fulfilled, and it now u__Peartieular privilege of Englishmen to atone ler the Zit" te d aspersion s of a preceding generation, and the candid cruelties of a former Government by the on ; I n d , a nd honourable reception of such histories as the vre t r" eurnplQted by General Count Montholon. The th e .8 unquestion a bly amon g the most remarkable of f or present century ; and it is remarkable not so much additional light it throws upon the domestic 41 " N ePeloon, as for the new illustration it off, .rds i t , e , ',legislative policy, and his incomprehensible intel ii:ntitln these respects the " History of the Captivity" by Pietu 51° e Posesses a twofold mt,rest. It completes the e om r e of the exile at Longwood, which had been already oo to ti b ltn ,ned by Las Casas, by Gourgaud, by Miss Bal 13101,0 (now Mrs. Abell), by O'Meara, by Captain Basil %kb,' by Antommarchi. It does more, it furnishes it er ,... 81 ,1i testimony as to the principles by which the j o r e 'tat Government was actuated, and the plans it-was eo uded to accomplish. This testimony, be it observed, of NT,ltainecl in very lengthened dictations from . the lips . truth, aPoleon himself. Thanks to the eternal vitality of con mai til , facts of history will out," as assuredly as the and i 65 " 311 of murder. In spite of the most specious And elaborated calumnies, iu spite of lying biographers, tc , unprincipled historians, and infamous commentators, to t l , l'ilorsonlAge really great and good can long be h h el s d n u e p t this to detestation of mankind. How sublimely h Prot u ,, eell Yery recently instanced in the case of te a L E o m rd . Perot tor, Oliver Cromwell 1 The character of the _ _ N u ' ) N apoleon is in like mariner becoming gradually yi tu -a `ed to us English in its true brightness ; the fogs b of an venati on and slander are roll i ng awa y from the noble No majesti c name which t h e y have hitherto darkened._ t ,1 1) : 411- has ever b een s o monstrously and pertinaciously : 11 ;no m an has ever been the obj ect of such g ra- Ilit° knd flagrant obloquy. I . 'hat libels should have 41513 eared • la t t ur . 1 4 the heat of international . conflict is but the a consequenee of the bitter sentiments engendered w arfare. .:.chat an ungrateful hypocrite like Bouri re Skoultl: I,P — 4 j• igt? his benefactor is a very comprehen __ .._ .. - . thereej of .atrocity, for, as William Hazlitt has said, 1,4, sh a ve h ave injured." That a brother-like Louis Bonaparte s s u uld publish two volumes of lase accusation against l im e e l iv i ejy roan, who had crowned' him with the diadem of sshiched' 'ls otie,Af . those deplorable ebullitions of spleen bas been bea•Vadily understood, and it is a fault which c conceive, en generously forgiven and nobly expiated. We Z el l to n the ignoble and damning " c too, how a regicide like Fouche could de ininded infamy of traduce ut that Chateaubriand—the pure and lofty m____ _Chateaubriand, the panegyrist and the philoso- L7eoef Christianity —should become the lying pain - R e e_t , or_of legitimacy; that Sir Walter Scott—the high ai,dsEtif imaginative literature, the avatar of romance, e glory of his age—should dwindle down w or , the, sycophant of a king-adoring rabble ; that eth io n , Mitchell—a member of that profession for 17 ,t ' s before his appearance, had been remarkable -.... s h ouic yn'e of honesty, and valour, and truthfulness, degenerate into the falsifier of history and the 81 ander l oss , In er a a 4,tl:red 1 endeavour a d eceased hero ; that these and a host of e L ase portent writers should deliberately, with malice to garble a story which was the ye n depositary of many illustrious lives, is utterly ''.,' ern th ,lpersious have c omprehension, and must inevitably render vee fallen b een e a q s u a l l u l "„mod , • Perpetual derision of mankind. Their venom ~.., ability edin vain. Their , As theshort of the mark d y ie e r m ou pl s o ly y 1 ,, e javelins of the Lilliputians did of the head t',''eloosalle upstaiading Gulliver. Napoleon himself was s * tie , us of that sublime moral integrity which can A o.; render an historical character invulnerable to llis many lie smiled with equal contempt at the libels of . whi eh u_nY assailants and at those fulsome panegyrics .. were so often uttered at the foot of his throne in the ' l 3ta of his!" w as h . ~ supreme greatness. " I appeal to history ''',‘. Is tre -, te Bt of the quent exclamation ; as in his celebrated pro . tie i oi ,4th of August, 1815. He was consoled by Picit confidence in that love of distant posterity which the .. as „ . author of " Waverley " has happily spoken of ,ti oto i n some degr ee , t h e metap hy s i cs o f natura l affec .' keret And his reliance is already being verified. Not 4 ,,__ yis his last wish complied with, not only do his I)Q7l7et remains repose "in the midst of that French rteili), being he loved so well," not merely is a monu , th e " 'eeing erected to his memory " under the dome in %ai rnidst o f t h e temple consecrated b y re li g i on to t h e • r of armies , e but it was solemnly asseverated in the eh IQ , 4 !aber O f D eput i es, b y the French Government of ii;iir during the reign of the Orleans Louis Philippe, sole_eonsequently of a younger Bourbon—it was X` u nlY asseverated before Europe, " Napoleon was-an e uv ror and a King ; he was the legitimate e eve ,_ r eißn of our country I" Paltry then was the p Bvi uge, which denied to him in his captivity that im v i al title which had been conferred upon him by the t? fi c e of an unanimous people and the chrism of the Pon theeTel What does history 'declare of the unanimity .of psiikren_ob Cane in his election to the throne? Thus a anranee nouri—even Bourienne—(vol. iii., p. 163.) a n d j l ee at that time (1804) contained 108 departments, m , ere were 3,574,898 voters. Of these only 2 , 569 vo • (yo ld against hereditary'suceession." Thus speaks Scott • s'• p iuo) -I.lpwar ds • o ,f 3 500 000 citizens had given th en . • , , ' votes on this occasion; of whomonly about 3,500 had declaredthe against the.proposition." Thus , again , speaks Duchess d'Abrantes (voL iv. p. 69), .. It is worthy of remark, that' for the empire there were only 2,579 negative votes." And thus speaks Hazlitt (vol. iii. p. 117), *. The First Consul became Emperor, by a majo rity of two millions some hundred thousand votes to a few hundreds." Was William of Orange, think you, -. rightful Sovereign, as we all acknowledge him to be, welcomed with a similar accordance by our Eng lish forefathers ? To gratify, therefore, an ignoble malignity, the Government of St. James's, ranging from 1815 to 1821, subjected Napoleon to this frivolous insult ; and but one man, Vassal Hol land, had the courage or the magnanimity to raise his voice in the House of Lords against this wretched system of persecution. One-of the old blundering opinions is, • • therefore, as we have already shown, for ever dissipate? , namely, the belief that Napoleon was an usurper; rst t ugland, by signing the Treaty of Paris with him in • 1814 , and by combining with the ocher powers of lurope , z to restrict his Sovereignty within the -. C ircumference of Elba, there an d then virtuall y Proclaimed b e f ore the world that he was 40 usurper, The arch-sin that remains levelled against him is consequently the sin of ambition ; • and to discern how far he is culpable or not in this respect it is necessary to dtscover the principles and the purposes of that ambition. Mankind cannot rest satisfied, however, ' . la observing with the Encyclopedia B rttannica, that .` in extenuation of this ' glorious fault , ' he mi g ht sa y , like Mahommed, " Jc fug ambitieux llais jamais roi, pontife, ou chef, ou citoycn, 7 „. Ne coneus in preset aussi grand qui le mien." —ink ind, we repeat it, cannot rest satisfied with such 1 e xtenuation. We are not all of us capacitated, like Thomas Carlyle, to become mere hero wors hi pp ers. The tangible glory must rest upon the durable basis of m oral greatness to win universal admiration, and a last ing Popularity. A schoolboy may have his mind in erned w i t h won d er an d enthusiasm by the idea of Napoleon on the bridge of Lodi, among the quagmires of Arcola, under the shadow of the Pyramids, among the olives of Maunt Thabor, among the corn-fields of Marengo, or among the crags and glaciers of the Great St. Bernard. But the full-grown man, the ripe thinker, the lover of j u di c i o us discrimination, will look rather to the causes and effects than to the actual achievments ; h e will inqui re r ather into the origin of a battle than Into the trophies of a victory ; he will consider the con sequences effected by a campaign rather than the vari able disposition of the belligerent armies ; and, above all, he will regard the intentions and the spirit of theiin ternal and external government of a wonderful mortal 1 ,, l he e the Enip etor Napoleon. " I . shallgo down to posterlt3, said, , avjth the Code in my hand." That, foris example,L h I*,one.Rt , 'll* chiefest glories—the Code Napoleon—whi ch hi ha t s been justly declared to have proved not only " a boon of i n estimable value to France, ,h to utbe even at this ' day received as Eu rope." Those who have not already formed a decisive • ' •character of this extraordinary opinn7ti as to the . . man — who have, not investigated the writings, for and against, by Botta, Capefigue, Caulaincour , t Bourienne, Boutourlin, Norvins, Pacea, Pele , t O'Meara, Lure'', Lecretelle, Antommarchi, Las Cases, Beauchamp, Scott, Artaud, ilazlitt, Berthier, De Bausset , Ireland, , Thiers, Mi gnet, Michelet, Vandoncourt, Thibau deau, D Abrantes, St. Hilaire, Segur, Rovigo, Gourgaud, Montgaillard, Men neval, Jomini, Labaume, Chab oulon, Dumas, Benjamin Constant, and a multitude of other authorities the very enumeration of whom is bewildering—will find mate rial assistance in these volumes by Generai Count ~ Montholon. As an example of how far the History of the captivity," tends to the elucidation of Napoleon's Policy, and the explanation of his ambition, we give this one significant paragraph : " Peace once signed i a Moscow, the war in Russia wo uld be the last continental war of the reign . of Napoleon; as re garded the great cause of be the t the people, it would er- Mination of danger and the beginning of security. A new era would open, and new works be commenced fur the well being being and prosperity of all. The Europeau system . . t , founded, there would only be to consider of its organization. he revolution The cause of the age would be gained, and o t ac complished. Napoleon would be the arch f the ancient and new alliance, the natural mediator betweenthe oldand new with either, order of things. Not having identified himself he would belong to both, and would conscientiously support . the cause of each in a general congress, wheFeecest•erghituhees *ild be organized for the European continent, W isely -combined interest of the people and Europe govern ments, His glory would consist in his equity.. would, in future, be really only one combination of all the people who inhabit It. associate " When thi s gr eat work was finished, be would , his son with hi m i n th e empire ; his reign as Dictator w ou ld terminate, and alreely constit u tional reign would commence. lie meant to f oun d a royal institution a t Meud an for the to edu education of the King of Rome, and his project warsticularl cate there together all the princes of his family, pa forei )1, of those branches of it which he had placed on _ s, apublic thrones, in order to join the advantages of private an ' these education. Destined to reign over different nations, children would have acquired, during the course of their education in commons similar manners, principles, ideas;and and in order the better to facilitate the fusion of thehave federa tive Pactions of the empire, each of these princes should a l s taken with him, on his leaving the institution, ten or twelve Y o ung persons of his own age, and of the first families of i adopted country ; and the effect of this would have been mraense." s~•r k• , • .. 4 c!.. • 3s;4' f • 44- '~ ~c,'.'. ,;~~ . • A 4.0; ° those individuals who view Napoleon as goaded on ler int rte . be ‘_ !is the re . nor orn - heol first ed it of . triab r the the stet'! Ojai' "was to for Llated I that had 1'64 ,te rse" 600 14/ Oat petty ce d to o was 3 ,, a l of c h a nce ,„ virtu' at the he ex ) grant presen issed to tnspor he bail AY•) fore Air. Ari Ma ra .se t, abo ut s treet , h to got aøl f pin t ° O . m ore. idelica te that the id IL 10s4 i ced t" Ant Put ' A iwa cougl i tt bich 5 ,,„ 6 t oo prisoner E nornenL )risoner. votent4 of the she w ee W 23 $ ed was fusing to ard fr °l3l datY i f i l erefo r i 4 r bold° oa r e t berie e .41 ni c. 1 the baCtU t. Ise t ' es , d eb ° ° oft O " ) t r ,lae or0 111 "A' _ a . n ise . 6 the ,ck ,hich BridA rs was 0, 00 Pa 0 o l il pFrs t b 0 lin I s bl 4 " 4 uP° l2 e ied r t he roi: r aboutsld light, ad rnosc_e_blo ;cper house veered the produce ( ' 'utter. ing to sal • we her de ; same dal ion rnm i s s dins, p ecial Jim rd G e°rge et Regiw ri Infantry v :wan late re • CO' of Dr' hn d other I lunatic lent since en of un iiion tha t oonatantly bed to „late Or h , gl fl ed tu „t 1 01 aVers. 1 1 ,, t a re ll3Br :t loner, bing se P r_e, ha s rLOcille° E ro pe „ .g rge -- t he ted a' 0 0 noel he o 3ec i t ri s e bolf; and Ott o, he 03 t 9 8 fe e - e fo Il° s eg-o 0 pl 3 Y• P o tb e ,riCOlAlll33' SUN, _LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING , MA Y 6, 1847: by an insatiable lust for war, we commend the following brief sentences:— " Napoleon regarded a general peace as the first step towards the regeneration of Europe; and when he was at the very height of his power, he renewed his c ffer of peace with England, in concert with the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia, who had gone to Dresden for the ex press purpose of paying him a visit, and openly testifying the sincerity of their alliance. The English Ministry and the libels of all the oligarchs in the world may say what they please; it is nevertheless true, that the Emperor Na poleon always de-iired peace with England. " So also, when surrounded by a royal cortege, and when 400,000 soldiers, under the French eagle, were encamped on the banks of the Niemen, he again held out a friendly hand to the Emperor Alexander, and sent to him his aide-de-camp, Count Narbonne, to make a last effort for thnre-establish ment of harmony between two sovereigns, who, not long be fore, had mutually engaged to act as brothers." These statements reminds us of some observations contain& d in the Memoirs of Rovigo, the recollection of which can never fade from our memory. " The Em peror," says Savary (Vol 3, p. 81), " far from taking an undue advantage of any his victories, had always re trained from oppressing the vanquished. He constantly checked himself in his triumphs, being reluctant, as he used to say, to reduce a nation to despair. In Italy he made the first step towards reconciling the French revo lution with Europe ; and he laid the basis of a peace which was signed at Campo Formic). After the battles of Marengo and Ilohenlinden, he stopped when it was in his power to have marched to Vienna. After the battle of Austerlitz, he stopt short, when it was in his power to have confounded the most shameful of aggressioas. And at Tilsit, after the battle of Friedland, he renounced all the advantages of a war still more fortunate than the first ; and did not follow up his successes against a power whose forces were ex hausted, because he wished to facilitate peace, and to secure the tranquillity of Europe on a steady foundation. Such examples of magna nimity," concludes the Duke of Rovigo, " deserve to be remembered." As a species of corollary to this, we extract the entire of a very long document, too im portant, for a thousand reasons, to curtail ; it contains "Napoleon's Advice to h is Son," the King of Rome, dic tated to Count Moutholon, by the Emperor, shortly be fore the death of the latter. Let those who consider Napoleon only as a despot, as a successful soldier, as a monster of cruelty, as an enemy to liberty, and especially to the liberty of the press—weigh every phrase and syllable of this glorious and beautiful document. " My son should not think of avenging my death ; he should profit by it. Let the remembrance of what I have done never leave his mind ; let him always be, like me, every inch a Frenchman. The aim of all his efforts should be, to reign by peace: if he should recommence my wars out of pure love of imitation, and without any absolute neces sity, he would be a. mere ape. To do my work over again would be to suppose that I had done nothing; to complete it, on the. contrary, would be -to show the solidity of the basis, and explain the whole plan of an.edifice which, I had only roughly sketched ; the same thing is not done twice in a century I was obliged to daunt Europe by my arms; in the present day, the way is to convince her. I. saved the revolution which was about to perish ; I raised it from its ruins, and showed it to the world beaming with glory. I have implanted new ideas in France and in Europe; they cannot retrograde : let my son bring into blossom all that I have sown; let him develop all the elements of prosperity enclosed in the soil of France, and by these means he may yet be a great sovereign. "The Bourbons will not maintain their position after my death ; a reaction in my favour will take place everywhere, even in England ; this will be a fine inheritance for my son. It is possible that the English, in order to efface the remem brance of their persecutions, will favour my son's return to France; but in order to live in a good understanding with 1 England, it is necessary, at any cost, to favour her com mercial interests: this necessity leads to one of these two consequences—war with England, or a sharing of the com merce of the world with her. This second condition is the only one possible in the present day ; the exterior question will long take precedence in France of the interior. I be queath to my son sufficient strength and sympathy to enable him to continue my work with the single aid of an„elevated and conciliatory diplomacy. His position at Vienna is de plorable. Will Austria set him at liberty unconditionally ? But after all, Francis I. was once in a more critical position, and yet his French nationality was nothing impaired by it. Let not my son ever mount the throne by the aid of foreign influence; his aim should not be to fulfil a desire to reign, but to deserve the approbation of posterity. Let hint cherish an intimacy with my family, whenever it shall be in his power. My mother is a woman of the old school ; Joseph and Eugene are able to give him good counsel ; llortense and Catherine are superior women. If he remains in exile, let him marry one of my nieces. If France recals him, let him seek the hand of a Princess of Russia : this Court is the only one where family ties rule policy. The alliance which he may contract should tend to increase the exterior in fluence of France, and not to introduce a foreign influence into its counsels. The French nation, when it is not taken the wrong way, is more easily governed than any other: its prompt and easy comprehension is unequalled k it immedi ately discerns who labours for, and who against it; but then it is necessary always to speak to its sense, otherwise its un easy spirit gnaws, it ferments and explodes. " My son will arrive after a time of civil troubles ; he has but one party to fear—that of the Duke of Orleans : this party has been germinating for a long time. On this point, repeat to him what Bertrand said to me': let him despise all parties, and only see the mass of the, people ; excepting those who have betrayed their country, he ought to forget the previous conduct of all men, and reward talent, merit, and services, wherever he finds them. Chateaubriand, not withstanding his libel, is a good Frenchman. " France is the country where the chiefs of parties have the least influence; to rest for support on them is to build on sand. Great things can only be done in France by having the support of the mass of the people; and, besides, a Go vernment should always seek for support where it is really to be found. There are moral laws as inflexible and imperious as the pies sleet ones. The Bourbons can only rely for support on the nobles and the priests, whatever may be the constitu tion which they are made to adopt; the water will descend f l oo ga of rrt a in hem t p o oen i ol t v people 1 1 .w without in oo spite thee ofc exception. atni t ot h nr e a.r n 3 l , c sr h ee i tl n i et e hd w eo h e c ta t h i me h pl a l s eb r o, o a lfe i s am e d as it s go vernment, which favoured the interests of elf,, I did not go vern by the help of, or solely for, either the nobles, the priests, the citizens, or the tradesmen ; I governed for the whole com mun ity, f or t h e whole family of the French na tion. To divide th e i n t eres t so f a nation is to injure them all, and eng en d er c i v il war . thing indivisible by nature cannot be divided ; it can only be mutilated. 1 attach no importance to the constitution, of th e principal bases of which I have made a draft. Good to-day, it may be bad t morrow ; this s a pnt withoutnodi,besies, the nothing fermal should be of h definitively n n i;i t v ie e n ly ; to leet . d on th but its fundamental principle should be the universality of votes. "My nobility will afford no support to my son ; I re quired more than one generation to succeed in making them assume my colour, and preserve by tradition the facred depo sit of my moral conquests. From the year 1815, all the grandees openly espoused the opposite party. I felt no re liance either on my marshals or my nobility, not even on my colonels; but the whole mass of the people and the whole array, up to the grade of captain, were on my side. I was not deceived in feeling this confidence ; they owe much to me ; I was their true representative. My dictator ship was indispensable; and the proof of this is, that they always offered me more p ower than I desired. In the present day, there is nothing possible in France but what is necessary. It will not be the same with my son: his power will be disputed; he must anticipate every desire for liberty. It is, besides, easier in ordinary times, to reign with the help of the Chambers than alone: the assemblies take a great part of your responsibility, and nothing is more easy than always to have the majority on your side; but care must be taken not to demoralize the country. The in fluence of the Government in France is in ; and if it understands the way, it has no need of employing corruption in order to find support on all sides. The aim of a sovereign is not only to reign, but to diffuse instruction, morality, and well-being; and any thing false is but a bad aid. " In my youth, 1, too, entertained some illusions; but I soon recovered from them. The great orators who rule the assemblies by the brilliancy of their eloquence are in general men of the most mediocre political talents : they should not be opposed in their own way ; for they have always more noisy words at command than you. Their eloquence should be opposed by a serious and logical argument; their strength lies hi vagueness; they should be brought back to the reality of facts; practical arguments destroy them. In the council, there were men possessed of much more eloquence than I was; I always demented them by this simple argument—two and two snake four. France possesses very clever practical men ; the only thing necessary is to find them, and to give them the means of reaching the proper station : such a one is at the plough, who ought to be in the council ; and such another is Minister, who ought to be at the plough. Let not my son be astonished to hear men, the most reasonable to all appearance, propose to him the most absurd plans. From the agrarian law to the despotism of the Grand Turk, every system finds ,an apologist in France ; let him listen to them all ; let him fake every thing at its just value, and surround himself by all the real capacity of the country. The French people are influenced by two powerful passions, which seem opposed, but which, nevertheless, a re derived . from one anti the, same feeling—viz., love of liberty, and love of distinc tion. A government can only satisfy these two wants by the most exact justice. The law and action of the government must be equal towards all ; .hononcs and rewards must be bestowed on the men who seem in the eyes of all to-bel.the most worthy of them. Merit may be pardoned, but not in trigue. The Order of the Legion of Honour has been an. immense and powerful incitement to virtue, talent, and cou rage ; if ill employed, it would become a great evil, by alien ating the whole army, if the spirit of court intrigue and co terie presided at its nominations or at its administration. " My son will be obliged to allow the liberty of the press : this is a necessity in the present day. In order to govern, it is not necessary to pursue a more or less perfect theory, but to build with the materials which are under one's band; to submit to necessities, and profit by them. The liberty of the press ought to become, in the hands of the Government, a powerful auxiliary in diffusing, through all the most distant co . ners of the empire, sound do ctrines and good prples. To leave it to itself would be to fall asleep on the brink of a danger. On the conclusion of a general peace, 1 blest would the have , instituted a Directory of the Press , composed of a men of the country, and I would hav e diffused, even to the most distant hamlet, my ideas and my intentions. In the present day, it is impossible to remain, as one might have done three hundred years ago, a quiet spectator of the trans formations of society ; now, one must, under pain of death, either direct or hinder everything. " My son ought to be a man of new ideas, and of the cause which I have made triumphant everywhere. He ought to establish institutions which may efface all traces of the er feudal law, secure the dignity of man, and develop those gms of prosperity which have been budding for centuries. He should propagate, in all those countries now uncivilised and barba rous, the benefits of Christianity an d civilisation. Such should be the aim of all my son's thoughts; such is the cause fur which I die a martyr to the hatred of the oligarchs, of which I am the object. Let him consider the holiness of my cause. Look at the regicides 1 They were formerly iu the councils of a Bourbon ; to-morrow they will return to their country—and I and mine expiate in tortures the bless ings which 1 desired to bestow on nations. My enemies are the enemies of humanity ; they desire to fetter. the people, w osop l u i p o rr i ces n e.s t hLeest France, regard like a flock of sheep ; they endeavour to them and take k t o ideas be diffused and emakeare thatth e i stream s notrea s b c n e t i . i s t t l toswbaorndisi bounds its gather r may live With my son, all opposite interests in peace; new dreadful misfortunes. But j t t r h .e e n pursues my blood after my death shock or the sacrifice of any victims, and humanity be spared blindstrength, h s , a s h - al t without of kings be avenged,. n‘ s ,g ' e i sn o 1 6s e rte n idl t i, but cruelly avenged. Civilisa a t n io d n: i will seer in every way, throughout the whole of Europe; if nations burst their bounds, t abe e rs l of blood will bes led more than three hundred years of knowledge will be extinguished amid civilg tr h o t ub o l f esw scienceilwill b eand and foreign war fare;in Europe that tbe royal authority re quired in order-to '.destroy classes of men, but which struggled for several which -has but for a day representedinterests centuries of b a e l all fore it could throw of the ietitraints (4 the middle ages. on the other hand, the North advances against civilisation, the struggle will be of shorter duration, but the blows more fatal ; the well-being of nations, all the results which it has taken so many years to obtain, will be destroyed, and none can foresee the disastrous consequences. The accession of my son is for the interest of nations, as well as w of kin we have fou g ht, and which I have carried triumphantly through all difficulties, I see nought but slavery and confusion for France and for the whole of Europe. " You will publish all that I have dictated or written, and you will engage my son to read and reflect upon it. You will tell iiim.to protect all those who have erved me well, and and their number is large. My poor soldier s s, so magnan so devoted, are now perhaps in want of bread! What'cou rage, what good sense is there in this French people! What buried riches, which will perhaps never again see the light of day ! Europe is progressing towards an inevitable transfer mation ; to endeavour to retard this progress, would be but to lose strength by a useless struggle; to favour it, is to strengthen the hopes and wishes of all. " There are desires of nationality which must be satisfied snorer or law, and it is towards this end that continual pro gress should be made. My son's position Will not be exempt from immense difficulties; let him do by general consent what I was compelled by circumstances to effect by force of arms. When I was victorious over Russia, in 1812, the problem of a peace of a hundred years duration was solved. I cut the Gordian knot of nations ; in the present day it must be untied. The remembrance of the thrones which I raised up, when it was for the interest of my general policy so to do, should be effaced. In the year 1815, I exacted from my brothers that they should forget their royalty, and only take the title of Freilth princes. My son should follow this example; an opposite course would excite just alarm. It is no longer in the North that great questions will be resolved, but in the Mediterranean ; there, there is enough to content all the am bition of the different powers, and the happiness of the civi lized nations may be purchased with fragments of barbarous lands. Let the kings listen to reason ; Europe will no longer afford matter for maintaining international hatreds. Preju dices are dissipated and intermingled; routes of commerce are becoming multiplied; it is no longer possible for one nation to monopolize it; As a means by which my son may see whether his administration be good, cr the contrary— whether his laws are in accordance with the manners of the country—let him have an annual and particular report pre sented to him of the number of condemnations pronounced by the tribunals. If crimes and delinquencies increase in number, it is a proof that misery is on the increase, and that society is ill governed; their diminution, on the other hand, is a proof of the contrary. " Religious ideas have more influence than certain narrow minded philosophers are willing to believe: they are capable of rendering great services to humanity. By standing well with the Pope, an influence is still maintained over the con sciences of a hundred millions of men. Pius NIL will be always well disposed towards my son : he is a tolerant and enlighten old man. Fatal circumstances embroiled our cabinets ; I regret this deeply. Fesch did not understand me ; he upheld the party of the ultraniontanes, the enemies of true religion in France. If you are permitted to return to France, you will still find many who have remained faithful to my memory. The best monument which they could raise to me would be to make. a .collection of all the ideas which I expressed in the Council of State, for the administration of the empire; to collect all my instructions to my Ministers; and to make a list of the works which I undertook, and of all the monuments which I raised in France and Italy. Maret, Daru, Mollien, Merlin, and Cambaceres, may contri bute to this work ; it will be the completion of what I charge Bignon to write on my foreign policy and the general heads which I have indicated to you on my wars. In what I have said in the council of state, i ts distinction must be made be tween the measures, good only for the moment, and those whose application is eternally true. " Let nay son often read and reflect on history; this is the only true philosophy. Let him read and meditate on the wars of the greatest captains; this is the only means of rightly learning the science of war. " But all that you say to him, or all that he learns, will be of little use to him, it he has not in the depth of his heart that sacred fire and love of good which alone can effect great things. 6 ' I will hope, h ow ever, that he will be worthy of his distiny." We must content ourselves for the present with these quotations ; and we cannot more appropriately conclude our remarks on the anniversary of the death of this astonishing being, than in the exquisite and mournful language of Count Montholon :—" After such a variety of fortune, the Emperor at length reposes in his last and unchangeable resting-place. The immense drama of his marvellous destiny has closed with the gates ot his tomb ; but this glorious tomb itself will remain as an abiding lesson to the whole family ot man; it will always remain to recal to the world the vanity of all earthly greatness and splendour. There sleeps the Emperor, together with the passions and animosities of which he was the object or the originator!" COURT CIRCULAR. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited the Queen and Prince Albert yesterday. His Royal Highness Prince Albert rode out on horse back yesterday, attended by his Equerry in Waiting, Colonel Bouverie. The Queen had a dinner-party yesterday at Bucking ham Palace. The company included her Royal High ness the Duchess of Kant, their Royal High nesses the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, his Serene Highness the Prince of Leiningen, his Serene Highness Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, the Duke of Wellington, the Duke and Duchess of Norfolk, the Marquis of Aber corn, Earl Cawdor, Earl Howe, Earl Fortescue, Earl Spencer, Lady Augusta Bruce, Lady Augusta C ado g an, Baroness de Speth, Viscount Chfden, Captain Francis Seymour, Sir George Couper, and Baron Knesebeck. The band of the 2d Lite Guards was in attendance during dinner. At a quarter past eight o'clock, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, accompanied by the noble directors of the Concert of Ancient Music, lett Buckingham Palace for the Hanover-square Rooms, his Royal Highness being the director for the evening. In the carriage with the Prince were his Royal High ness the Duke of Cambridge, the Duke of Wellington, and the Earl Cawdor. Three of the Royal carriages followed, conveying the Earl Howe, the Marquis of Abercorn, Viscount Clifden, Sir Edward Codrington, Captain Francis Seymour, Colonel Bouverie, Sir George Couper, and Baron Knesebeck. About ten minutes after the departure of the Prince, the Queen left Buckingham Palace for the Hanover square Rooms, to honour the performance of the Con cert of Ancient Music with her presence. Her Ma jesty was accompanied by her royal and distinguished guests. The August party left the Palace in the fol lowing order:— A carriage, conveying the lion. Misses Kerr and Cavendish, Lord Waterpark, and Lieut.-Colonel the lion. C. B. Phipps. A carriage, conveying Lady Augusta Bruce, Lady Augusta Cadogan, and Baroness de Speth. A carriage, conveying the Lord. Steward, the Lord Chamberlain, and the Master of the Horse. A carriage, conveying the Duchess of Norfolk, the Countess of Desert, his Serene Highness the Prince of Leiningen, and his Serene Highness Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar. A carriage, conveying her Majesty the Queen, her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, and her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and the Princess Royal took airings yesterday in the royal garden Their Royal Highnesses Prince Alfred, the Princess Alice, and the Princess Helena, accompanied by the Dowager Lady Lyttelton took a drive yesterday in a car riage and four. Among the visitors to inspect the royal pictures in St. James's Palace yesterday were the Bishop of Rochester, Lords Falmouth, Leie.h, Walsingham and Fortescue, Dowager Lady Suffield, Lady Mary Howard, and Lady Radstock. A deputation from the London and South-Western Railway Company, had an interview with the Right Hon. E. Strutt yesterday at the office of the Commis sioners of Railways, in Great George-street. The depu tation consisted of Mr. Chaplin, M.P. (Chairman), Earl of Morley (Deputy-Chairman), Hon. Francis Scott, M.P., Mr. 11. Ker Seymer, M.P., Mr. Laurentz Camp bell (secretary), Mr. Joseph Locke, and Mr. F. T. Birchen]. The Portuguese Minister transacted business yester day at the Foreign-office. Mr. Pringle had au interview with Sir George Grey gavo a to the yesterday. Sir William Pym had also an interview with the Right lion. Baronet, at the Home office. • r es ide nt of lastthe The6lrquis of Lansdowne, Council, a dinner ir Cabine t d Ministers evening . at Lansdowne` House. ' Ti-i , LORD-LIEUTENANT OF IRELAND. DUBLIN, MAY 4..--Th e symptoms to-day have changed - for the worse. The first bulletin this 'morning- states; that the cOtigh'Was i tivublisonie ifiroughbut the night; and that his Excellency is not so well as ye'sterday. It is apprehended that a suffusion of water in the region , of the chest, which gave way to medical treatment towards the close of last week, is again accumulating, affecting the respiratory organs, and inducing the cough, which deprives the Noble Earl of the rest which is all-essential to his depressed condition. Up to post hour there was no change in his Ex cellency's symptoms, nor was there any other bulletin issued. HEALTH OF THE KING OF HOLLAND.—The follow ing bulletin was issued under date Hague, May 4 :—" The intermittent fever under which his Majesty is suffering con- tinues to abate.—The Hague, May 3. " P. F. EVERARD, M.D. " BECKERS, M.D." DEATH OF 'MR. GEORGE WIGNET.—It is our pain ful task this week to record the death of Mr. George Wigne) of this town, brewer. The sad event took place on Monday . morning, at his residence in Middle-street, after a brief ill ness not extending beyond a week. Mr. Wigney was the second son of the late Mr. William Wigney, the founder of the brewery which still goes by his name, and the Bright helinston Bank.—Brighton Gucadiati. DEATH OF VISCOUNT ASHBROOK.—We have to record the decease of the Right Hon. Henry Jeffrey Viscount Ashbrook, who expired on the 4th inst., at his seat, Beau mont Lodge, Old Windsor, in his 71st year. He was mar ried to a sister of the late Lord Metcalfe, and wes father of the Duchess of Marlborough. The Earl Fitzwilliam entertained a distinguished circle at dinner on Tuesday evening, at Mortimer House, 1141ki,i-street. The guests included the Earl of Burlington and the Hon. Mr. Cavendish, Viscount and Viscountess Milton, Sir Robert and Lady nice, the Hon. F. Dundas, and a distinguished circle. AMATEUR DRAMATIC PERFORMANCE, ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. —Her Majesty, we understand, has commanded her box to be retained for the second amateur performance for the benefit of the distressed Scotch and Irish, whi,ch is to take place at this theat r e o n the 13th inst. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent has also retained a box for the occasion. The performance will consist of Lord Elles mere's adaptation of Victor Hugo's romantic play of Her nani, and Planche's comedy of Faint Heart Never Won Fair Lady. The Societe Generale of Belgium has just lowered to 4i per cent. its rata of discount on commercial bills. • PARLIAMENTARY BUSINESS. ' (From the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.) WEDNESDAY', MAY 5. STANDING ORDERS COMMITTEE. The following Resolutions were reported from the above Committee , 1. That in the case of the Van Diemen's Land Company petition, the standing orders ought to be dispensed with That the parties be permitted to proceed with their Bill. 2. That in the case of the British American Land Com pany petition, the standing orders ought to be dispensed with:—That the parties be permitted to proceed with their 3. That in the case of the Leith Harbour and Docks Dues petition, for additional provision, the standing orders ought to be dispensed with :—That the parties be permitted to introduce such additional provision, if the Committee on the Bill shall think fit. 4. That in the case of the North Staffordshire Railway (Alterations and Branches) petition for additional provision (Shsgborough Deviation) the standing orders ought to be dispensed with :—That the parties be permitted to introduce such additional provision if the Committee on the Bill shall think tit, on proving before the said Committee that notices have been inserted in the London Gazette, and in some newspaper of the county of Stafford, for three successive weeks; that plans, sections, and books of reference have been deposited with the clerk of the peace for the said county, and the clerks of the parishes affected by the said provision ; and that they have obtained the consent of. the owners, lessees, and occupiers of all the lands to be taken, and have also given notice to the owners and occupiers of the lands in which the portion of the work intended to be re linquished is situate, of their intention so to relinquish the same; and that the Committee on the Bill do examine, in the first place, how far such orders have been complied with, and do report the same to the House on the report of the Bill.—Resolutions agreed to. THE ROYAL ORTHOPEDIC HOSPITAL. The seventh anniversary of this excellent institution, which is established for the cure of club-foot, lateral curvature of the spine, and all other contractions and de formities, was celebrated last evening at the London Tavern. About 200 gentlemen sat down to dinner. The Lord Mayor presided, and was supported on his right by Lord Dudley Stuart and the Hon. Thomas Liddell, ...P., and on his left by Dr. Stebbing and Mr. Deputy Evans. Amongst those present we observed —the Rev. E. Repton, Rev, John Wright, Charles J o y ce, Esq., Thos. Saunders, Esq., City Comptroller ; Wm. Tooke, Esq., F.R.S.,G. Moffatt, Esq., M.P., Quarles Harris, Esq., Philip Hanbury, Esq., &c. in . The exact nature of the charity is ably explained the following extract from the report, cir culated at the dinner : " The treatment of club - foot ani other distortions was, until a few years since, confined to mechanical applications ; and in the majority of severe cases was either wholly unsuccessful, or attended only by partial or temporary relief. 'A new and successful treatment, based upon surgical Wand •scientsfid. principles, was dist covered by Dr. Stromeyer, of Hanover, and from thence introduced into this metropolis,•with the happiest re sults, by Dr. Little. The discovery of this important operation—that of dividing the tendons—by which ex treme adult cases of• contraction and deformity-can be cured in a few weeks or months, and those of children in a much shorter-period, obviating the slow and uncertain progress of cure under the mechanical plan of treatment, has elicited the approbation of many distinguished members of the profession. The frequent occurrence of these deformities amongst the poor, the expense and un certainty of curing them by the sole application of mechanical means, and the great tendency to relapse on relief having been so obtained, constituted some of the more urgent reasons by which a few individuals, having derived benefit in their families, or being otherwise con vinced of its great utility and importance, were induced, in 1838, to propose the establishment of an hospital for the cure of these afflictions by this and every available method." Subsequently the treatment was extended to the cure of contractions and distortions of every part of the frame, but particularly to that most distressing deformity lateral curvature of the spine. Since the last anniversary the Queen has been graci ously pleased to become the patroness of the institution, and to present it with a donation of 501. The excellent dinner and superior wines having been done ample justice to, and the usual loyal and constitu tional toasts given and warmly responded to, The LORD MAYOR proposed " Prosperity to the In stitution." In doing so he stated that he had recently visited the hospital, with some of the members of his family, and that he had been quite astounded at the wonderful cures which had been effected, and the many severe cases which were in the course of favourable treatment ; but it was a matter for regret that the number of patients was so limited on account of the want of sufficient means to extend the building to the required size ; still its progress from year to year had been most gratifying. Cases of the nature of which the institution took cognizance were not attended to as a separate branch of medical science until the formation of the in stitution.—(Hear.) • Contractions or malformations of the body were a source of the greatest unhappiness to those who were blessed with wealth ; but how much more misery did they entail upon those who, being p oor, we re compelled to support themselves by labour ? (Hear.) Last year the number of patients was nearly 1,500; and, as a greater number sought assistance than the hospital from its limited space could afford accom modation for, it was incumbent upon those favourable to its object to leave nothing undone to meet it wants : if it were not adequately supported a great public loss would be occasioned ; but, looking at the way in which it had hitherto been supported, and to the large donations it had received, and to those then present, he believed that the institution would continue to progress in usefulness as it had done since its establishment.—(Hear.) The toast was warmly responded to, as were also the following:—" Ills Royal Highness Prince Albert, the patron;" The Duke of Cambridge, the presid ent ;" " The Archbishop of Canterbury and the Vice-1 resi derits;" " The Lord Mayor;" " The Sheriffs;" "Lord Dudley Stuart and the Stewards," &C. The subscriptions received during the evening amounted to nearly 1,000/. Among them were the fol lowing:—The Lord Mayor, 211.; Samuel Jones Loyd, Esq., 501.; Sir J. Hamner, 101.; Lord Robe rt Grosvenor, 101. 10s.; H. G. Wood, Eiq 10/.; Mr. and Mrs. Quark; 10/. 10 ; Sir C. Forbes , H arr i s , lot. 10s.; B. B. Cabbell, 101., &c. and the t tho a ef n d a n thet somee.fro former f m The receipts last yea r were 2, 535/. 16s. Bd., 8d expenditure 2,323/. Bs. 5. ., leaving a balance of 2121. Bs. The institution is at N o . 8, Bloomsbury -s q uare. Several persons whose d e f orm i t i es bad been cured b y h a from pptehaeramn were co assembled e. mo dels s exhibited which they themsel ves eehi e h • ued the cures mu st be pro nounced commendabl e i n ,r thoseasntd state underand judgingtreatment, the Mr. Toole discharged the extreme. the office of toastmaster very effectively. MAJOR-GENERAL SIR HARRY SMITH, BART , K.C.B. I The diitinguish e d serv i ces of this Gallant Officer have been duly recognised since his arrival in the metropolis. From the day on which he reached town the compli mentary visits of the nobility and ge ntry, to say not hin g of the Government officials and au thorities of the Indian empire, have been more numerous than any ever before paid to an officer holdi ng s i milar ran k in the Queen s service. Some idea of the high estimate in which th e Gallen Officer's hard servi ces in the cause of his country are held may be gained from the fact that upwards of twenty entertainments have been already arranged to be give n in his honour. Among the invitations already accepted by the General are those of— The Lord Chamberlain, on behalf of her Majesty and the Prince Consort. Her Majesty the Queen D o wager. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent. The Duke of Wellington, under whom Sir Harry served as Assistant Quarter-Master-General at Waterloo. The Earl of Ripon (late Lord President of the India Board). Sir John Cam Hobhouse, now President of the Board of Control. Sir Robert Peel. General Sir James Kempt. Major-General Sir De Lacy Evans, the companion of his early services. Sir Charles Hamilton. The Right lion, the Lord Mayor, to meet her Ma• jesty's Ministers. Yesterday the Gallant General received ~deputation from the - Goldin:lithe company, headed b Mr. Prime Warden Ppir,. Mr. lairies Garrard, Warden, „add Mr. Lane, th, , s lerk ,of the" company, who . requested his presence at a banquet. to be given •- in _his honotir A at their . liiill: On tlie:Alitti convenient , day. Sir , Harry received the deputation in person, and appointed Tuesday, the 11th of May, as the day on which he would honour the company with his presence. A deputation from the Junior United Service Club, headed by Sir John Buchar K.C.8., and Sir Dudley Hill, also had the honour of al interview with the Gal lant General yesterday, for the purpose of inviting him to dine with his old comrades in arms on an early day. The Gallant General received the deputation most cor o f the Gallan t first dially, and appoint ed Tuesda y , the 18th of May, for that purpose. This day the Gallant General and Lady Smith will have the h on our of dining with her Majesty the Queen General's services , we are glad to learn i t is generally understood that a handsome pension will be awarded to Dowager. Among the worthy acknow ledgments him bbyostrhdemdeireeteintogr.s of the East Indi a Company, a ttheir a e l d o i : g o John m il in a g m fourc Coffee-house, years ..ilomcul o siri f el:di a )l,ii gi si:lo, s i ut, tttl the at play , baker,ew-st r e h e e t , w S a h s whose parents keep the Northumberland _-,------ FRIGHTFUL ACClDElST.—Yesterday evening, abou. play, and in crossing the p road Shoe - lane. It d l o t w a n appears half-past seven o'clock; an accident of a most deplorable et : e o r u . d ia g n e e , a a t b about nature occurred in Fetter-lane, Holborn, which resulted in a fine little b oi o c y: the death of time, the wheels passing over his head, crushing it in a most shocking manner, causing the brains to obtrude. The poor little fellow was immediately picked up by some of the by standers, and conveyed to Mr. Kelly's, the surgeon, of Fetter-lane; but that gentleman being from home, he was taken to the house of Mr. tiibson, surgeon, Holborn, when othilpoaprtsoestilat'eend cart which that gentleman pronounced life to be extinct. A shell was then procured, and the poor , little fellow w ? s conv eyed to Messrs. Comfort and Faulkner s, undertakers, in Bartlett's pessug,e, where lie now remains to await the Coroner's Inquest. RI DGE COR . -MP ANY.—The half-yearly S O UTHWARK - I I genera l meeting of the shareholders in this company was held yesterday, at the offices of the company, Queen-street -place, City. Joshua Walker, Esq., took the chair. The secre tary the report, which congratulated the shareholders upon the improved state of their affairs, but contained no thing of public interest. A dividend of li per cent. was de clared. The directors and auditors who retired by rotation were re-elected, and a vote of thank§ .to the chairman closed the proceedings. . . SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEW MARKET RACES—WEDNESDAY. This day's list was a vast improvement on Tuesday's, three of the races possessing very considerable interest, and bring ing out goodly fields of horses. Speculation was compara tively brisk, and the weather being favourable, the attendance was very respectable in number and rank. The racing com menced with the Sweepstakes of 50 sovs each, for four yrs old. Last three miles of B.C. (4 Subs.) Lord Orford's Footstool, Bst 101 b Lord Albemarle's Radulphus, Bst slb Betting-9 to 2on Footstool, who made all the running, and won by five lengths. Run in 6 min. 33 sec. The Champion Stakes of 50 sovs. each, h. ft.; colts, Bst 71b, fillies, &c., Bst; about one mile five furlongs. (30 Subs.) Duke of Bedford's Bridle (Butler) 1 Lord Orford's Ziska Mr. Watson's Sir Peter Laurie Mr. G. H. Moore's Watchdog 4 Lord Lonsdale's Martingale Lord Londsdale's f Redshank, out of Oxygen 6 Betting—Even on Ziska, and 3 to 1 agst Bridle. The Oxygen filly made the first running, followed by Watchdog and Sir Peter Laurie, the favourite next in good place. The Oxygen filly retired at the bushes, whence to the turn of the land, the running was made by Sir Peter Laurie and Watchdog, the favourite and Bridle then went in advance, and had the race to themselves, Ziska with a slight lead to the cords, where the mare headed him and won easy by a couple lengths; Sir Peter Laurie a very bad third. Run in 3 mm. 17 sec. Handicap Plate of 501., for three yrs, &c. A.F. Mr. Barne's Tufthuuter, 3 yrs. sst (Dockeray) 1 Lord Strathmore's Secundus, 6 yrs, Bst 51b ......... .. 2 Mr. Howlett's Libation, 4 yrs, 7st 71b The following also ran :—Campanile, 5 yrs ; Caroline, 5 yrs; Collingwood, 4 yrs; and Duke of Rutland's Bella Donna, 3 yrs. Betting-7 to 4 agst Bella Donna, sto 1 agst Campanile, and 4to 1 agst Tufthunter. The race from the first to last, was between Secundus and Tufthunter, the young one wait ing to the cords, and winning in a canter by four lengths. Run in 2 ruin. 12 sees. The Suffolk Stakes of 15 soya. each, 5 ft, if declared. Last mile and a-half of R.O ; the second to receive 50 sovs. (39 Subs., of whom 14 declared.) Mr. Greville's Mirmillo, 3 yrs , s st 31b Colonel Anson's Lazarillo , 3 yrs , sst 51b 2 Lord Exeter's Cosachia, 3 yrs , s st 31b The following• also started: — Jing le Pot, Paulton's, Gi selle, Colleen Dawn, Hydranger, Ukrane, Farthing Candle, Scarlet Runner, Ridiculus Mus, Doctriue, Watch-Dog, Mo galiston. Betting-7 to 2 agst Mirmillo, sto 1 agst Doctrine, 6 to 1 agst Farthing Candle, 7 to 1 agst Lazarillo, 7to 1 agst Cosachia. and 10 to 1 agst Paultons. Mir ' millo took the lead, followed by Cosachia, Farthing Candle, and some other light weights being laid up. The first four remained in front to the turn, which, with one exception—Farthing Candle—they came round so wide, that they were thrown out, thus giving Jinglepot, Paultons, and Farthing Candle a temporary lead ; the young ones, however, put on the steam, recovered their position before they had run another quarter o f a mile,-and-Mirmillo resumed his lead, had it all his own way, and won in a canter by four lengths ; Lazarillo beating Co sachia by a head; Colleen Bawn fourth., about half a length from the third ; Farthing Candle broke down and was pulled up. Run in 2 min. 50 sec. The Jockey Club Plate of 50/. B.C. Lord Exeter's Hydranger, 4 yrs, 7st 2lb Match-500 sovs., h ft, Sir J. Hawley's Bravissimo, received from Col. Anson's lago. DERRY BETING. to 1 agst Conyngham I 9to 1 agst Van Tromp 6 to 1 agst Cossack—t 40 to 1 agst Blontpensier—t (RECEIVED THIS DAY.) NEWMARKET, WEDNESD.tY NIGIIT, SIX O'CLOCK. DERBY BETTING. sto 1 agst The Cossack I4oto 1 agst Mathematicia n sto 1 agst Conyngham I4oto 1 agst Montpensier 9to 1 agst Van Tromp 140 to 1 agst Nottingham 25 to 1 agst Wanota OAKS. 9to 2 agst Clementina—t. 12 to 1 agst Quilt Arnold's d sto 1 agst Famer's Daughter 25 to 1 agst Brown Bess—t. 9 to 1 agst Slander 30 to 1 agst Nannette f—t. ENTRIES FOR THURSDAY. Handicap Sweepstakes. T.Y.C. Mr. Merton's African, aged, Bst nib—Duke of Rutland's Paultons, 5 yrs, Bst 41b—Colonel Peel's Or e g on, 3 yrs, 6st 31b —Lord Exeter's Circassian Maid, 3 yrs, sst 71b—Mr. Wi• grain's Philo, 3 yrs, 4st 131 b. Three paid. Sweepstakes; winner to be sold for 2001., &c. Satyr, 6 yrs—dinglepot, 5 yrs—Chemise, 5 yrs—Blackeock, 3 yrs—Cardinal's Niece, 3 yrs—Fistiana, 3 yrs—Vert Vert, 3 yrs. SHREWSBURY RACES—WEDNESDAY. The Patsbull Stakes of 20 sous. each, it ft. One mile and a quarter. Mr. Griffiths' Lady Lift... (Denman) 1 Mr. Copeland's Cheapside .. Won in a canter. The Great Cleveland Handicap of 25 sous. each, 10 ft, and 5 only if declared, with 50 added. Lord Warwick's Gwalior, 5 yrs, 7 st 4 lb ...... .-.. (Francis) 1 Mr. Meiklam's Alliance, 4 yrs, 6st 21b Sii C. Cockerell's Congress, 3 yrs, 4st 131 b . ' 3 Annandale, Bst 21b, Arthur, 7st 81b, and the Polka, Est 81b, also ran. Won cleverly. The Pradoe Stakes of 5 sous. each, and 20 added. Heats one mile. Mr. Davies's The 'Wizard, aged, 9st 61b ...(Calloway) 1 1 Mr. Bristbw's Carissima, 5 yrs 9 st llb 3 2 Mr: Warman's Crib, 5 yrs, 9st llb .•• •• 0 3 Mr. Corbett ud Maid of Lorette, 3 yrs, 7st 31b . . AQUATICS. The London Rowing Club's first match this year came off yesterday, from Putney to Mortlake. The prize contended for was a pair of silver oars, and the race NY 83 decided as under : Hughes and Tuke .(Yellow) I • Cornwall and Vincent (Red) 2 Richardson and Burton (Blue) 3 Shaw and Allen (Green) 4 \railings and Housoa (Lilac) 5 Cooper and Walker (Purple) 6 After a very even start, Yellow went away with the lead, and at Hammersmith-bridge led by three or four lengths; here Red and Blue struggled gamely to overhaul Yellow, but never quite succeeded, Hughes and Tuke winning by a length, Red defeating Blue for second place by about two lengths. The rest, far in the rear, afforded a good contest amongst themselves. THE CHRISTIAN COIIIMON- W EALTH. Before - Mr.. J. M. Morgan, who is on his way to England from Italy, left Rome, he submitted the following summary of his views to several Cardinals and to the Agricultural CGmmission. A copy of the summary was also laid before the Pope : That which peculiarly distinguishes the proposed Christian colony from the constitution of society in general, is the power which it affords of maintaining the supremacy of religion, not only in theory and in precept, and in framing the laws and regulations, but in spirit and in truth, by sup pressing or prhibiting all institutions, practices, •and influ ences, calculated to impair the love of God and man, as the ruling principle of action ; thereby strengthening the motives to good conduct, by discouraging the temptation to evil, and more especially by rigidly excluding competition and a spirit of rivalry. It is this pernicious principle of competition that has oeen the great impediment, both in Catholic and Protestant countries, to the existence and diffusion of vital Christi anity. It has perpetuated war, and left Christian Europe little to rejoice in from any diminution of its barbarous conflicts since the ambitious conquests of Pagan Rome. It has perverted the blessings of peace, and inflicted misery upon the people, no less fatal to their general improvement and happiness than the scourges of war, and it is the chief cause of the present famine. If Europe has the power, as no one can doubt, of produc ing food in superabundance, and of laying up a store of three or four years' supply for all its population, to guard against the consequences of bad harvests, why has it not been done ? Because competition limits production to the market demand, and the market demand is limited not by the actual wants of the people, but by their inability to purchase. It the wants of a neighbourhood require 1,000 quarters of corn, and 1,200 quarters are brought to market, there is a competition among the sellers, in order that they may not be the holders of the 200 quarters unsold, and the prices fall; it, on the contrary, 800 quarters only are brought to the mar ket, there is a competition among the buyers, that they may not be among those who are left destitute, and the prices rise. It is this uncertainty, under a system of competition, of obtaining a remunerating price, that limits the growth of corn and the quantity of all useful productions. When the people are organised in communities, or Christian colonies, with such modifications as the monastic orders and other religious societies of the present day might suggest for the further advance of mankind in religion and virtue, and for the greater and more beneficial progress of sciene the uncertainty of markets will cease, as the communities in different localities will adopt a system of exchange, and their mutual wants will be for several years anticipated. ST. ANNE'S ScnooL.—On Wednesday at three o'clock a meeting of the friends and supporters of the Royal Asylum of St. Anne's School, Brixton-hill, which is esta blished for maintaining, education, and clothing the children of those once in prosperity, was held at the Asylum, for the purpose of distributing rewards to the females who had been in the school, and who received testimonials according to the length, ot they had respectively filled th e situa t ions they had been placed in. The Bishop of Winchester pre sided, and several of the clergy of the neighbourhood at tended. The school-room was crowded, the. majorityhen g ladies residing in the vicinity. The whole of the children of the school, amounting to 150 boys and 80 girls were also present, who, with the Candidates, were addressed by the Right Reverend Prelate, and who forcibly impressed upon them the importance of a strict attention to their duties through life. There were 36 young women who were appli cants for the several rewards, which , consisted of money, bibles, and other religious books. They were presented by his Lordship. The proceedings r lasted about two hours. TYPLIUS FEVER.—Typhus fever is very prevalent in Rochdale, particularly amongst the Irish, inthelow lodg ing -houses and cellars about Mount Plea; Pleasant, School-lane, and Back Packer Meadows. We have noticed in another paragraph the death of Mr. Barker, sur geon, from this ma lady. Another surgeon has also caught the disease in a similar manner, and lies dargerously ill. At the petty ses sions, on Monday last, Mr. J. Whitehead, relieving officer, said the fever increased every day. and it was almost impos sible to make some of the Irish people clean themselves. On being questioned by the bench, he said the board of guar dians had tried to take land to build something like a fever m e et w the outskirts of the town, but they were unable to meet with a place for that purpose; however, they had pro cured lime and whitewash brushes. The number of Irish in creased almost every day, and the fever was alarming in various parts of the town.—Manchester Guardian. CONTINENTAL COMMUNICATION. The South- Eastern and Continental Steam-ship Company's vessel the Queen of the Belgians arrived at Folkstone from Boulogne at half-past twelve on Monday, having on board 120 passen gers, amongst whom were the Marquis and Marchioness of Aylesbury, Lord Ranelagh, Sir Richard Jephson, &c. The steamer Queen of the Fre nch sailed from Fo'kstone for Boulogne at noon on Monday, with 54 passengers, amongst whom were Sir Robert Murchison and suite; also with 16 horses and one carriage. The same company's steamer Princess Maud sailed from Ramsgate on Monday for Ostend with numerous passengers. A DISTINGUISHED CIIARACTErt.—" The most cu rious incident," says the Union Monarchique, " that occurred at the meeting of the officers of the National Guard in the galleries of the Louvre, was that of beholding a chief of battalion, dressed in his grand uniform, and whose breast was covered with twelve decorations—five crosses, four cr a chats, and three collars 1 Pending the two hours during which the officers waited in the grand gallery, that officer was constantly surrounded by a crowd anxiously inquiring in what kingdoms, in what battles, and for what exploits he had gained more orders than ever figured on the breast of Turenne or Massena? The enima was soon solved. The name of M. Alexandre Dumas' having been uttered, curi- Q , l ity ceased, an d Wade room for raillery." hips asp• ;ON the