The Sun. — London, England, 1857-07-27 00:00:00

THEATRE -ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. OPEN EVERY EVENING. GREAT EQUESTRIAN AMEBIC ;\N and CONTINENTAL COMPANY. Prices—Pit and Promenade, is ; Boseq, 2s. 6d., 25., and Is. 6d, ; Galleries, 6d. Doors open at half-past 7. Commence at 8. JACK THE GIANT KILLER, with novel effects. DOY AL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. 11) THIS EVENING will be performed Shakespere's Play of THE TEMPEST. } Preceded by LIVING TOO FAST. . _ T HEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET Lessee—Mr. J. B. Buckston.e. THIS EVENING, to commence at Seven o'clock, with the now and greatly successful original Comedy, entitled VICTIMS, in whiCh Mr. Eackstone, Mr. Howe, Mr. William Farren, Miss ReYnolds, &e., will appear. After which, by general desire, the late Douglas Jerrold's comedy of THE HOUSEKEEPER. To conclude with a new Ballet, THE GLEANERS. Orchestra Stalls (which may be retained the whole of the evening), 6s. each. (No charge for booking.) First Price. s. d. Second price. s. d. Dress Boxes ... .... 5 0 D:ess Boxes 3 0 'Upper Boxes .. 3 0 Upper Boxes 2 0 Pit Lower Gallery 1 0 Lower Gallery . 0 6 Upper Gallery 0 6No half-price to Upper Gallery. THEA.TRE ROYAL, Lessee—Mr. Ben. Webster. THIS EVENLNG, will be performed the new drama of GEORGE DXItVILLE, in which Mr. BenjaminWelbster, Mr. Wright, Mr. Paul Redford, and Madame Celeste sill perform. After which, 0, --FEAItFUL TRAGEDY IN THE SEVEN DIALS - .!? -- - • To ebncltide With" - the sketch of WELCOME, LITTLE STRANGER.. , ,Mr. Wright, Mr. Paul Bedford, &c. ROYAL 'OLYMPIC THEATRE. , Lessee, Mr. Alfred Wigan. THIS J . ,V,ENING, will No revived WIATEi AS TIIEY WERE, AND MAID 'AS 'HEY ARE Mr. Addison, Mr. Mr, F. Vining, Mrs. Stirling, Miss Swanborongh, &e. To ooneludo ,with the original Extravagann., by R )bert B. Brpugh, Esq., MASANIELLO. Messrs. Rob son, Coolie, Danvers, dre. ; Misses Swanborough, Thirlwall, Hughes, brontley, and Mrs. Melfont. 'Commence at half-past Seven. IjIO!YAL ,SCIRRW,Y THEATRE, P 1 11 A J.,efishilsiSkssrs. Shepherd and Creswick. Suecqes of 11143. gre4t English Tenor, Mr. Henry Squires. THIS EVENING, (MONDAy), will be performed IL TROVATORE. Mr. H. Squires, Lucy Escott, and Miss Lan2.P, To con&udo with THE DAUGHTER OF THE REGI MENT. Mr. Manvers and Mies Dyer. G REAT NATIONAL STANDARD TiIEA.TRE. Proprietor, Mr. John Douglas. Professor ANDERSON in a round of Dramatic Characters, supported by Mr. H•imilton Braham, Mrs. Vickery, &c. THIS EVENING, will be performed ROB ROY. Rob Roy, Professor Anderson; Major Galbraith, Mr. H. &ahem; Helen Macgregor, Mrs. Vickery. Between th• pieoes Mr. J. G. Forde, the King of Comic Vocalists, will open his R.reel of Fun. TO 'conclude with THE LONE CHATEAU. ASUZY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke. Under the patronage of Her Majesty and His Royal Highness Prince Albert. Last Nights of the Splendid Spectacle of MAZEPPA. Thegrett Parisian Equestrienne, Madlle. Mililos, continues to b - 3 received with unbounded approbation. e THIS EVENING (MONAY), and every evening during the week, the entertainments will commence with Lord Byrotes grand spectacle of MAZEPPA AND THE WILD HORSE. _ Mazeppa, Mr. James Holloway. Concluding with a Brilliant Series of Mr. William Cooke's Novel and Inimitable SCENES in the ARENA, in which Madlle. Mililos will appear. Commence at seven o'clock. Dress Boxes, 4s. ; Upper Boxes, 35.; Private Boxes, from 215., no charge for booking; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, ls. ; Upper Gallery, 6d. Half-price at balf•past Eight. Box•ofice open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. Equestrian Director, Mr. W. Cooke, jun. CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road.— OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The follow ccirnpany of Vocalists are engaged for the performance of Selections from all the popular Operas, Madrigals, Choruses, lees, Duets, die., viz.: Miss E. Pearce, Mrs. Palmyre, Miss cott, Ifiss Brunell, Miss Summers, and Madame Marietta; Mr St. Aliyn, Herr F. Jonghmans, R. Grover, T. Far. rant, S. Jones, J. Barker, W. Melling, P. Corri, Senor An tonio M. •le Soils, and E. L. Hime ; Master Corri; Messrs. Sam Collins, and E. Mackney. i'ianoforte, Mr Cecil }Licks; harmonium, Master Willi tins ; Director, Herr F. Jenghmtns. Commence at Seven o'clock precisely. Si ?- Pers. die., until twelve o'clock ktIOR WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. T 115 DAT—Morn. 47 min. aft. 5 —Even., 5 min. aft 6 To MnititoW----Morn., 22 min. aft. 6—Even. 42 mmn aft. 6 IIER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. FAREWELL PERFORMANCES AT j:tEDIrCED PRICES. THIS EVENING, MONDAY, July 27, LA CENERENTOLA. Angelina, Alboni; Don Ramir o, Belart ; Don Magnifico, Rossi ; and Dandini, Belletti. Between the Acta a Divertissement —LET) ROSES. Grand Pas de Deus--adle. Boschetti and M. Baratti. Ile Last Act of LA FAVORITA. Leonora, Sperm ; Baidassarre, Baillon ; Fernando, Ciuglini. To conclude with the new Bal'et Divertiss ment of MARCO SPADA. 241"tdame Rosati, Mdlle. Katriue, M. M ssot, Signori Boretti, Cecchetti, and Ronzani. .1 PRICES pit Tier Grand Tier, and One Pair. Two Pair 1 11 6 }L a u - Circle 1 1 0 Pit Stags 0 12 6 Gallery Boxes 0 12 6 Gallery Stalbi 0 3 6 Gallery Side Stalls 0 3 0 Pit Gallery •....., 2 0 No free list.—Applications to be made at the Box-office of the Theatre. Doors open at 7, opera to commence at half past 7. • HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. Farewell Performances at Reduced Prices. THIS EVENING, July 27—LA CENERENTOLA. Last Act of LA FAVORILA. TUESDAY, July 28—DON GIOVANNI. WEDNESDAY, July 29—LA SONNAMBULA. Scene of LUCIA DI LAMMERMOOR. THURSDAY, July 30—Mozart's NOZZE DI FIGARO. FRIDAY, Jnly 31— IL TROVATORE. The entertainments in the Ballot will combine the talents Madame Rosati, Madlles. Katrine, Boschetti, and Mario Taglioni. Prices as above. THE WEATHER—SuI OrricE, JULY 26. THERMOMETER, IN THR SHADE. 75 highest singe noon yesterday. .56 —lowest this morning and during the night. 72 -this day at noon, BAROMETER, 30.05. Wricr, Westerly ; light, with fine weather, but dull. THRICE O'CLOcK—W.N.W., fresh and squally. JULY 27. 74 highest since noon yesterday. 60 owest this morning and during the night. ,75 this day st noon. BAROMETER. 30.00. *nip, ; rather fresh, with sultry cloudy wea ther. • , fp N ,& c r -- , ,- ;:ep, - 7 `= 4 ) . - . L.--41/11, *- 1 J frY 0* - K ---;' .1 :;• , • , ..-, - # .,, c . ' ) 4 , _ ~k.-.:4:,:,,,,,z.--,:._-!-,-__...11----,,cd LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 27, 1867. Three of the parties accused of participation in the plot against the life of the French EMPEROR have formally protested against the charge. M. CAMPANELLA first came forward, declaring innocence, and stating his address, at which he may at any time.be found. M. MASSARENTE fol lowed in a similar tone ; and this day M. LEDRIT ROLLIN has written a long lett er , most positively asserting the total falsehood of the accusation ! M. MazzrNl will also, doubtless, act in like man ner whenever a favourable opportunity arises for the purpose. So the matter stands for the, time, and so we should permit it to remain, were it not for certain significant rumours to the effect that communications had been voluntzrily made from the English to the French Government to the effect that, in the event of a conviction of the accused parties, par contumace, they would be forthwith expelled from the British dominions--rumou rs that derive additional weight from the fact that the Times had intimated on Thursday last that if they were convicted, even in their absence, and without th e opportun i ty of being heard in their own defence, they will, " as convicted assassins, be no longer able to show themselves in this country, and will have to find some other part of the earth more congenial to the indulgence of their sanguinary dreams." well, in endeavouring to promulgate the facts contained in this pamphlet, which at a time when it was believed that our Indian army, at all events, was under safe command, and on a sure footing, showed by those same facts, given on independent testimony, from the camps of the Anglc-Indian itself, that that army was in the state of insecurity proved by re cent event, and by such particu4rs as leaving our military magazines and fortresse4 wholly under It would seem, then, as if there were to be a new and organised attempt to get rid of that which has always been the bugbear of continental despots—the extension of hospitality to political refugees of all ranks, and of every grade and variety of political opinion. A tiiai par conta mace could easily be got up, and a verdict adverse to the defendants, under the circumstances, would be certain. It is, however, an axiom of the English law, that no man can be declared guilty without the opportunity of being heard in his own defence. Shall we obandon that glorious principle in deference to the commands of others Shall England no longer be the sanctuary for those who have sought protection on her shores, and availed themselves of that hospitality which she unhesitatingly extends to all without exo:•p tion, and by which the Emperor has himself profited in his hour of trial ? It will not, it can not be done. No true-hearted Englishman would for a moment listen to such an appplication, no matter what might be the consequences of a re fusal. To deliver up persons thus accused, would eto surrender them to certain death. " Extra dition for political offences " would, as M. LEDRU ROLLIN justly declares, be " a stain upon civilise.- tion—a scourge to humanity ! " The nation capable of granting it, for the sake of whatever earthly considerations or momentary expediency, would infallibly lower itself to the lowest stage of ignominy. And yet the principle asserted by th• Times would go to that extent. A little compli cated machinery should be put in motion, but that would not be wanting wherever the quarry might be deemed worthy of sufficient ammunition. A plausible pretext might easily be got up, but the infamy of yielding would be the same, and thenceforth the name of Britain would - stink in the Nostrils of Europe. She would, indeed, merit the title " perfidious Albion," so freely accorded on less conclusive grounds. The letter of M. LEDRU ROLLlN—which will be found in another part of our impression—although a little stronger, in some parts, than we should desire, so fairly grapples with the great points at issue, that we have not hesitated to give it inser tion. He deals with the assertion that "itis no question of pOlitics but one of murder," by asking where is the overt act?—where the proof of the conspiracy? There has been no attempt to carry the design into execution. If the project ever had existence, it might have been repented of, —and, therefore, no conviction could follow, ac cording to the English law, and we could not consent to the extradition on any ground. It is truly said that the exiles received in this country must, so long as they are sheltered here, abstain from all acts calculated to overturn or in jure a Government recognised by It is the price they pay for protection—the moderate return for our liberal hospitality. They are not to embroil us with others because we accord them a place of refuge, Most assuredly not. But the English law is powerful to punish any wrongful acts committed within her MAJESTY'S dominions, and to that law M. LEDRU ROLLIN fearlessly ap peals. He declares himself in duty bound openly to meet justice, and to enlighten it respecting his conduct. He challenges investigation before an English tribunal and an English jury, where lie would at least be assured of a fair and unbiassed and impartial trial. This meets the question boldly and independently, and the justice of the demand cannot be im peached. Should it be denied or evaded, we should only cover ourselves with opprobrium. As M. LEDRU Ronnix truly declares " The ques tion is one of political extradition, the bearing of which is not confined within the narrow bounds of individual or even national interests, lofty though they be, but a question which involves the highest principles of liberty, justice, morality, and human conscience." We cannot, then, under such circumstances, believe that the English Government would yield on such a point—that they would, in obedience to foreign dictation, or the prevalence of the Ger manic element in the National Council, abandon a principle which our ancestors would never have controverted or denied. And this is our belief, not withstanding the significant rumours alsove alluded to, and the still more significant feeler put forward by the Jupiter Tonans of Printing house-square. the charge of native troops, who to properly 'ln formed persons are well known to be prepared for mutiny. The most melancholy corroboration of the state of the patronage appointments, and ad ministration displayed by those facts has been re cently presented by the instances of suicides of officers, following those in tho army during the Persian expedition, arising from compunction on the part of the victims of the system, at the false positions in which they found„ themselves placed, with the stern necessities of which they have found themselves unqualified to contend. The facts put forth in the pamphlet to which we advert were chiefly derived from the narrative of Mrs. COLIN MACKENZIE, the wife of Captain COLIN MACKENZIE, an officer in the Indian army, displaying the disasters of battles and mismanagement passed over, or disguised in despatches, but which were notorious in the camp, and a state of command which renders not the occurrence, but the absence, of the most dangerous commotions a matter of surprise. We may depend upon it, that when the causes of the wide-spread mutinies are examined, it will be found that the affair of the greased cartridges is only one of a series of gross imprudencies affecting the condition of the native troops, and arising out of the state of the commands, and an ignorant or an insolent disregard of the feelings of half civilised and morbidly sensitive men. We give from the pamphlet the following, as small incidents, but indicative of the character of minds which have ruled in the military administration of India : The disp'ay in the commencement of the Russian war, in sending soldiers tightly stocked to the eaattrn climates has its reflex in the following ex perience in India : Her Majesty's 32d have been marched from Amballa to Ferozpur, and have suffered very severely on their march. It is said from 200 to 300 are on the sick list, and six or seven, inclu.iing one officer, have died from a coup de soleil. It is supposed that they have been unnecessarily exposed to the sun. Queen's officers are often obstinate on this point (I suppose from ignorance of the climate), end seem to think it manly to run every possible risk. A staff officer in China, who was present on the occasion, told my husband that two of her Ma jesty's regiments were landed under a scorching sun, and went into action. One was commanded by an old Indian, who allowed his men to take off t'veir stocks ; they suffered very little from the heat. The other regiment was commanded by a stiff European martinet, who could perm t no such irregu'aritie, and lost ten men on the field from apoplexy ; surety, in the case of the 32d, it would have 13 , ..en better to expose the troops to this heat for some purpose. Attention has just been properly directed to some predictions, in the recently published me moirs of Sir WILLIAM NAPIER, that we should be brought to sorrow by placing the Native Indian army, composed of men of deep seated caste preju dices, requiring the exercise of the highest dis cretion and mental influence, under the command of mere boys, who are respected by men nowhere. But what sort of boys has it been the practice to place, by patronage, in positions of command, in the remote districts of India? The "North British Review, for August, 1857, actually made it a matter of merit, that The shiftlessness of the officers and their want of power of new adaptation to new habits, is dis played in the following passage Moreover, they (the 6ikbs, who were newly en listed) all wear their hair at full length, which 1-ng cb, I am assured, commonly extends from three feet to six feet, and -ometimes even to eleven feet ; —four feet of hair is frequent. The . whole is formed into a knot on the top of the head. Now, "here's a coil" which effectually prevents a man from wear ing a very shallow forage cap ; and as Lord Hard ing gives them leave to keep their Bair and beards, neither of which they ever cut, and at the same time insists on their wearing this obnoxious topi ; the veterans positively refuse to have anything to do with a service which makes a saucer-cap a sine qua non. Some of the finest recruits draw back, and will not enlist when the topi is shown to them ; and truly the effect of it is molt absurd. C. bas risked the safety of his Glengarry bonnet, by sending it to head-quarters, with a request to be allowe 1 to give similar ones to his men. Major Mackeson and the Commander of the 3d Regiment of Frontier- Bigado are bah anxious for its adoption, as the Sikh tresses could be stowed away most conve nieut:y under it, but no answer has yet arrived, although the abhorred topi may prove as fatal as Gesler's. The proposed resolution of Sir Ds LACY EVANS for the general adoption of open competitive exa minations, as a means of testing the qualifications for commissions in the army, will go to the root of the evil. We entirely agree with the writer of the pamphlet that "The first step in reform would be to ensure spe cial education, tested by proper examinations for admission, and new securities for promotion by merit. All who are acquainted with the subject, treat with contempt the doctrine put forth by Lord Seymour and others in the House of Com mons, in defence of the system of purchase, that it is practically impossible to discriminate merit in commands ; and, therefore, that the rule of pro motion for merit would soon become practically promotion for favour. Under a proper system of " intendance," as in France, it is practicable to show, from particular facts, and from the state of the troops commanded, the state of a command ; and it is practicable to make those evidentiary facts matter of record, independently of favour, with the certainty and almost the exactitude of a money account. In respect to special tra'.nings, and examinations to test them for eon - missions, proximate evidence is afforded by the English army itself. The officers of theeencrineers and the artill er y, f orm the only branches of ' the service for which any special training is required, and they are generally, socially as well as profe,sioually, distinguished from the rest of the army. The artillery was Vie only branch of the English service, which, in the Crimea, *is acknowledged to have proved itself superior. The ex aninat . ons for the engineers, as well as for the artillery, have b3en, however, merely pass exa minations, and the promotions ill conducted, and the engineers have displayed the insecurity of that mode of examina: ion. Of the engineering of the several armies in the field, competent impartial testimony gives the first rank t ) the military works of the Russian engineers, the next to the French, the next to them the Sardinians (and even the Turks have been generally more haw...ly), and to the English military engineers thelast. The officers of the engineers, however, and of the artillery, are not found mixed up in the low pur suits, or in opprobious scenes with the officers of the line ; and they are met in scientific associa tions and intellectual societies, and are frequently proved to be well fitted for civil administrative officer". The system of purchase, and even to some ex tent, the., possible oper ,tion of favouritism, attract to the army precisely those young men who, if they did not do that would do nothing, and are far too numerous and too remuant a class to remain unem plop d with impunii y. The young nobleman who can find no occupation to fill up the years which must elapse between leaving college and succeeding to the family honours an estate, and whose desouvro c mdition now, if they are not in Parliament, makes them almost objects of compassion ; the younger sons of the aristocracy, who shrink from the laborious professions, and have means sufficient to save them from the necessity of toil, who have not talent enough for the bar, nor steadiness for the Church, nor capital enough for commerce, nor taste or vocation enough for any of these careers ; (and for India chiefly) the children of wealthy citizens a'_id bankers, who have time to waste, and money to spend, and who have no great objects to arouse them, and no res angustce to stimulate them to exertion,—those who would otherwise be men about town, mischievous dawdlers and loungers, a burden to themselves, and a plague to all around them, now eagerly press into a prof ess i on i n w hi c h wealth and connexion secure advancement. The civil service commissioners have just declared the fact, as the result of their first year's trials, that the candidates obtained by competitive examina tions were of considerably higher attainments than those who had undergone simply pass examinations, or who had gained appointment or simple nomina tion. The quality of the men appointed in India, is shown by the results of some preliminary siftings with very wide-meshed sieves,—the partial exam nations recently appointed. Of 437 sons of gen tlemen, and men of high social position, examined during the years 1851 to 1856, both inclusive, one hundred and thirty failed in reading and spelling, and two hundred and thirty-four failed to do the common rules of arithmetic ; an extent of failures to be found in no decent English charity schools 1 The Indian army has been sur charged with mere " wastrels," the worst eda cited, the worst prepared, those for whom no places could be found at home—men often lower than the class of commissioned officers in Eng land, of whom the late Duke of WELLINGTON said, that however brave they were in the field, lin the management of men in the camp, quarters, or cantonments, they were but "poor creatures." A pamphlet on " Army Worm : and the Aris tocratic Standard of the Army Expenditure and its Results," was published a year ago, at the instance of Mr. INGRAM TRAVERS, Mr. GASSIOT, and Mr. MORLEY, containing very important fiLot4 on this subject ; and whatever may have been the failures of those gentlemen in _respect to ,the Administrative reforms which they endeavoured to promote—and much excuse must be made fox men of large occupation—they certainly aiv.tit.i The Duke of Wellington, who had himself obtained a military education i ,in a French school, favoured scientific officers wheresoever he could get them. _ _ The writer of the article on Military Education, iu the last number of the " Westminster Review," after speaking of the French system of military education for the higher commands, says :-- "The principle of competition pervades the whole, it opens the door of the profession, it intro duces to the higher rooms and upper seats. We regard competition as the salt of the system, purifying and preserving it, as the governor of the enizine, adjusting its propelling force to the resist ance it has overcome." " But the question has passel from the region of discussion into that of fact. What was an experiment is a proved success. Napoleon, with a marvellous prescience into France, applied to the army the system we propose. If we are wrong in putting up commissions to literary competition," (i.e., to competition in the literature of the practical sciences applicable to war,) —" Napoleon was wrong, Fr ince, faithfully fol lowing his plans for the last half centory, has been in error, and the reputation of her arms a mistake. The law which reorganised the Polytechnic on its preseA basis is remarkable as being the first indi cation of the great dcsignsof the First Consul. The law promulpt,-,d thirty-seven days after the 18th of Brumaire, declares that the purpose of the now institution is to train pupils for all the public ser wices, and particularly for the more scientific ;branches of the army : the mode of admission by ~pen literary competition among all young French -71, ten of the required age ; their appointment to 9:- ta ii brancht.s of the public service also by compe tit'ou ; the object, manner, and duration of the instruction ; the different boards for teaching, were all I:.id down by this remarkable decree, the lead- 1 1 II SUN, L'ONEON, MONDAY EVENING JULY 27 , inn principles of which have been respected and enforced by all succeeding governments, and which at this moment regu'ate the school. " Himself educated at the military school of Brienne, military education ever engaged the at tention of Napoleon. He never took his hand off the schools. Consular and imperial decrees esta blished and regulated the Prytanee Franais, now the junior military school at La Fleche ; l'ecole speciale militaire, now at St. Cyr ; l'ecole speciale militaire de cavalrie, now at Saumur ; the ml!tary school at Chalons ; the engineer school at Mez. In fact, every exiting military school, except that of the staff, owes its origin to Napoleon ; and the same system of competition, where applicable, per vades them all. After the peace of Tilsit, Napo leon lent the Emperor Alexander ten professors, for the pnrpose of establishing a polytechnic in Russia. To the last he insisted on military educa tion. He dictated ti Montholon, at St. Helena, these words Brought to France when fourteen, Louis entered on the life of a man at the siege of Toulon, on hearing me say to him, in the midst of the corpses of 200 grenadiers slain through the ignorance of their commander, at the assault of an impregnable side of Fort Pharou—lf I had com manded here, all these brave men would be still alive : learn, Louis, from this example, how abso• lutely necessary instrucA.on is to those who aspire to command others.'" Under a r, formed administration, every regiment would be a school, of which the commanding officer would be the master, imparting, with instruction, qualifications and habits which would be us-ful in peace, and to the men and officers in civil life. The proof that many of the evils of army malad ministration male manifest during the campaign in the Crimea, are common to the army in India, where there is " no long peace," but incessant war, show that those evils are not accidental or transient, but deep seated and chronic, demanding institu tional reforms. The main allegations in respect to that maladmin istration are based on the testimony of professional authorities of the highest class. For the prevention, then, of the repetition of vast disasters and losses of life and money, and of grievous and t.nnecessary augmentations of per manent public burl hens;—for the abatement of the horrible interests in war on the parts of those offi cers whose time in pans hangs so heavily on them selves and others ; to'ensurhigher social as well as professional qualifications to , men in influential %o,litions, who must be maintained as military offi cers ;—to purify the House of Commons from prac tice of bribery for party support, by the 'gifts of commissions and promotions—it is submitted to ad ministrative reformers, that it should now be de manded that the concession obtained in respect to one branch of the military service shall be extended to the whole line, and commissions be no longer sold, but given to merit, tested by competitive examinations." The question to be put before the House of Com mons by Sir DE LACY EVANS admits of a very simple issue, "Do you, the opposers, mean to say that for command in the line of the English army, unlike other armies, no special qualifica tions or no qualifications whatsoever are requi site ? If you admit that improved qualifications are necessary, why do you object to the applica tion of the like tests of those qualifications that you have already adopted, and that are proved to work so well in res➢ect to admissions to the Artillery and to the Engineers ?" The conduct of particular Members and of the House should be watched with great suspicion, and the names be noted of those who do, or who do not direst themselves of future participation in the present patronage system, for the resolution of Sir DE LACY EVANS is of vast importance as well for the disqualifications which it will be the means of. excluding, as .for the good qualifications which it, may be made the means of preparing, admitting, and securing. It is, in truth, in part a measure of Parliamentary Reform also, for it goes to this— that the House of Commons shall divest itself of the military patronage by which Members pay their supporters, or themselves, at the expense of the country. SIR COLIN CA MPB ELL. Our correspondent at Malta, in a letter dated the 19th, announcing the arrival of Sir Colin at that place, says : "Sir Colin Campbell passed through Malta on the 17th, looking very well and hearty. He was not long doing his littie shopping, and went off with his purchases under his arm. He came in the Vectis on the 16th and left in the same vessel next morning for Alexandria." A Cabinet Council was hell on Saturday afernoon at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury, in Downing-street ; all the Ministers were present. Her Royal Highness the Dachess of Sent, attended by Lady Anna Maria Dawson and Sir George Cooper, arrived in town on Saturday afternoon. The royal duchess visited the Duchess of Cambridge at her residence in St. James's Palace, and afterwards returned to Frogmore. His Excellency the Ambassador of France and the Countess de Persigny have left the French Embassy for Naneham Park, Oxon, on a visit to Frances Countess Waldegrave and Mr. G. G. Harcourt. His Excellency Baron Bentinck will have the honour to receive the Queen of the Netherlands to dinner on Wednesday next, at the Netherlands Legation. His Excellency the Peruvian Minister (Domingo Elias) and suite have left the Brunswick Hotel, Jermyn street, for the United States. Tne Duke of Devonshire has abandoned his intended visit to Lismore Castle, Ireland, for this autumn, and will reside at Chatsworth, after his visit to Bolton Abbey next month. The Marquis and Marchioness of Stafford left Stafford House on Saturday for Trentham, on their way to Scot land. The Marquis and Marchioness Cholmondeley have returned to C:►rlton House-terrace from Houghton Hall, Roughen], Norfolk. The Earl and Countess of Derby and Lady Emma Stanley leave town to-day on a visit to the Duke and Duchess of Richmond, at Goodwood Park, during the races. Lord and Lady Holland gave a fete champetre on Sa turday afternoon, at their fine old mansion at Kensing ton, on which occasion the noble host and hostess were honoured by the presence of the Queen of the Nether lands, the Duchess d'Orleans, and several members of the ex-royal family of France, the Duchess of Cambridge, and a host of the members of the fashionable world. Harvesting commenced at her Majesty's farm near Osborne, last week. DEPARTURE OF THE 2D DRAGOON GUARDS FOR INDIA.—The 2d Dragoon Goards, ordered for India, embarked on Saturday at Gravesend, on board the frigate built ships Monarch and Blenheim. The men OPS FOR INDIA.—On Saturday appeared ik e uK in good ATio s; li OF ,ir T it E s. o the Ist battalion of the Ist Royals embarked at Kings town on board the Caledonia, transport, for India. The troop ship Robert Lowe, now in Kingstown harbour, will receive another battalion to-day ; the remainder ,of the Ist Royals will be embarked in the course of the pre,ent week. EXECUTION OF A MURDERER.—On Saturday last John Le who was convicted of murdering his wife, Gwen lien Lewis, on the 4th of January last, was executed in front of the gaol at Cardiff, in the presence of a very large concourse of spectators. Finch, or the murder at Rivenhall•will be executed on Wednesday next. The Rev. G. B. Hamilton, the chaplain, is in daily attendance upon him, and though wretchedly ignorant, the culprit evinces contrition and religious feeling.—Chelmsford Chronicle. COMMUTATION OF SENTENCE. —In accordance with the recommendation of the learned judge who tried the case, Elizabeth Jamieson, convicted at York Assizes for th e murder of her chill, has had her sentence of death com muted to penal servitude for life.—cbserver. THE LATE MURDER AT WOODFORD.—Great exertions have been made by the police during the past week for the apprehension of Jonathan Geydon, the perpetrator of the late brutal murder at Woodford ; who is supposed to be conc?aled in Epping Forest, and it is believed that a clue to his hiding place has been obtained, and that he vjill be captured in a day or two. A. reward of 2001. hr/s been offered for his apprehension by the Go. vornment. THE AMERICAN MAILS.—LIVERPOOL, Saturday.— Tee British and North American Royal Mail steam ship Persia, Captain C. H. E. Judkins, sailed from the Meioey at noon to-day for New York, with the usual mails for the United States and British North American provinces, 190 pas.-engers, and a full cargo of merchan disc, on freight. The Royal Mail steamship Niagara, Captain J. G. Wickman, with advices from New York to the 14th ; Boston, 15th ; and Ilaloas to the 17th inst., may b- sxpected to morrow -morning. THE AUSTRALIAN MAILS.— MALTA, July 19.—The Scamander, belonging to James Moss and Co., c f Liverpool, brought the Austra,lian mail, which ought to have left Australia en the 15th May, but which left on the 30th May. The admiral has no steamer to go on with the mails, which are in charge of Mr. Green, the consul's son, of Alexandria. This is a bad arrangement for Vie Australian mails. Eight boxes go via Mar seilles, the other 150 go on by the Scatnander. There Was no news from India when the Simla passed Ceylon. Toe Stade has 12,000 ounces of gold on Vard, and 30 passengers. The Great Britain had left Australia with 36,000 ounces of gold on board. g 4 nri LA _I ke.l If V • MARSEILLES, JULY 26. The Indian mail is expected here to-morrow. Advices from Naples have been received to the 23d inst. The trial continues. None of ° the pri soners have as yet been shot. Nicotera has re vealed the whole plot. He has justified the conduct of the crew of the Cagliari. Some of the papers found on Pisacane are in cipher, and have not been made out. Foschini, the refugee, who escaped from Lon don, after committing a double assassination, is among the wounded. Padula has blown his Last brains out. A conflict has taken place between some of the inhabitants of Torre del Greco and the crew of the Fiench ship Meteore. The sailors were occupied in making hydrographical observations, when they were attacked by the Neapolitans, who thought they intended to effect a landing for revolutionary purposes. The King has ordered apologies to be made to the officers of the Meteore. The King of Naples has gone to reside at Castel mare, with his three sons. i e E FR FRANCE:` ,, . PARIS, Su . VENING. The ships sent out to . reinforce the French and English naval divisions in China will assemble on the Ist of August at Hong Kong, which is their point *of rendezvous. The .32oniteur has little beyond nominations to the magistracy and of justices of the peace, except another letter from Jassy, of the 7th July, abusing all the employes of the Porte, and writing up the Russian view of the union of the Principalities. The Debats contains a curious document, the political testament of Pisacane, recently slain at Sapri. It is dated Genoa, June 7, 1857, and is said to have been received from London. Despite the fact that the Debats has received a " warning" tor its publication, there are reasons to suspect it is a police-manufactured forgery: M. Ledru Rollin has addressed a long letter to the Juge d'lnstruction of Paris, who is charged with preparing the evidence in the case of the Italian conspirators, with a view of clearing him self of any connexion with them. Private letters from Toulon of the 25th announce that the English squadron of evolutions under the orders of Admiral Lyons had put to sea, and was on the way to Algiers. It was afterwards to visit Tunis and Tripoli. Accounts from Algiers mention that General M'Mahon had arrived there on the 20th. During his absence General Bambaki had taken the command of his division. General M'Mahon was charged with a mission of inspection in Algeria, after completing which it was believed he woull return to France. Joseph Napolecn Ney, Prince of Moskowa, and eldest son of Marshal Ney, died yesterday , morn ing, at St. Germaia-en-Laye, near Paris. • BOURSE, July 26.—The following were the last quotations : Cash. fr. c. End of Month. 4i per Cents ... 93 —fr. —;;. 3 per Cents 66 90 C 6 90 Bank Shares 2,890 Credit Foncier 560 Credit Mobilier 949 Boman Do. Account nr Austrian _ _ ... Belgian 4l Piedmontese (5) BB r 5 Home Debt RAILWAYS-FOR CAS 13. tr. c. rtr c. Orleans 1,140 Western Northern Lyons — -- New Ditto - Mediterranean — Grand Central Geneva Midi ' Austrian Cum....... 672 50 ITALY. A letter from Florence, of the 20th inst., states that on Thursday afternoon, the 16th instant, the Hereditary Prince, who was driving in his cart iage outside the town, was siluted with cries of " Long live the Constitutional Prince !" His Royal High ness took no notice, and continued his drive. It was then determined by the Constitutional party to make a g' eat " demonstration " on the 18th, and to call for the Prince and the National Guard. The Government, being apprised of their intention, issued a proclamation forbidding any demonstra tion whatever. The 18th co D B quently passed over quietly, and the town has not since been disturbed, but commercial transactions ara suspended. According to telegraphic advices received at Ber lin from Copenhagen, the Danish Goverment has convoked the 11.1steiu Estates to meet in an Ex traordinary Diet on the 15th of next month ; this is the first step towards the fulfilment of the pro mises recently made by.the I.resent Danish Cabinet with a view to stlving off the evil day, which nevertheless will, sooner or later, inevitably come, and bring with it a collision between Denmark and Germany. The Austrian Government is said to have signed a convention with various Italian States, the ob ject of which is to resist in future any revolutionary a tacks. Private letters from Athens of the 17th inst., speak of the " splendid reception", given by the Russian Minister to the Queen on her Majesty's embarkation on board the Russian frigate. The names of Mdlle. Piccolomini and Signior Beletti are added to the list of singers engaged at the Norwich festival. Miss Wyndham leaves the Adelphi to join the com pany at the Olympic, under the new managemen% Mr. Charles Mathews visits America thi,is autumn. Previous to his departure he will give a few farewell performances at the Haymarket Theatre, commencing on the 10th August. Miss Cushman leaves England next month for New York, with the intention, as we learn, of playing short farewell engagements through the principal. theatres of the Union. Mr. Webter and Madame Ce'este veil make their re appearance at the Adelphi to-night, after an absence of some weeks, during which the former has been playing a succes.ful engagement at Liverpool, and the latter re cruiting her health in her native France. Mr. Wright and Mr. Paul Bedford, who accompanied Mr. Webster in his provincial tour, will also reappear, with Mr. Webster and Madame Celeste, in the dramas of "George Danville " and "The Pretty Girls of Stilb-rg." LYOBll3l.—Profoßsor Anderson, the fatroja Wizard of the North, returns to this theatre on Monday, the 17th August, on his way to China. We understand that the Lyceum Theatre has been taken by Mr. Harrison and Miss Pyne, who will give English operatic performances there until Christmas, when Mr. Charles Dillon will re-commence his dramatic season. _ _ _ Master John Lee (son of John Lee, lessee of the City Theatre), of the City of London School, belenging: to tte Latin cliss, has obtained the second prize for French, alio a prize in the second division for drawn;, presented to him by the Right Hor. the Lord Mayor, in the presence of a numerous assembly. NATIONAL STANDARD.—Mr. Douglas, the lessee of this establishment, has engaged Mr. Sims Reeves, the celebrated vocalist, for eighteen nights, commencing on the 7th September. Mr.. Reeves receives from Ur. Dangles the large sum of nine hundred pounds for his services for the time named. MISS ANNA MARIA QUINN.—This juvenile actress, who has obtained an extraordinary celebrity in Aus tralia, appears on Wednesday next, at the Haymarket Theatre, in the personation piece of "The Actress of all Work." It is to be understood that it is only as ap pearance granted to Miss. Quinn, in order to of her an opportunity of playing before an English audience, and submitting her histrionic pretensions to the ordeal of public opinion. ITER MAJESTY'S TIIEATRE.—There were present at the performances at her Majesty's Theatre on Friday evening and on Saturday evening last—The Duchess of Wellington and Lady Julia Hay, the Duke of Leeds, the Duke of Wellington, the Marchioness of Sligo and party, the Countess of Orkney and the Viscount Kirk wall, the Countess of Mountcharles, the Countess of Abingdon, the Countess Talbot, the Countess of Coven try, the Countess of Munster, the Countess Do wager of Harrington, Caroline Countess B.lrew and party, the Earl of Lonsdale, the Earl of Wilton and Lady C. Grey Egerton, the Chancellor of the Exchequer and Lady Theresa Lewis, the Viscount Grey de Wilton, the Vis count and Viscountess Galway, his Excellency the Count de Vitzhum d'Echstadt (the Minister Plenipotentiary of Saxony), the Viscount Miravell's, the Clunt Lewis Corti, Lord Robert Grosvenor, Lord and Lady Kin sale, Lord Charles ray, Lady and Miss Macgregor, Lady Elizabeth de Roe, the Ladies Ldabella, and Lady Fitzmaurice, Lady Hay, Lady Lawley, Lady Louisa Bruce, Lady Molesw)rth and the Dowager Lady Moles worth, Lady Webster and party, L a dy Abereambh Lady East, General the Hon. d P. Lygon, C. 8., the Hon. Miss Smith, Sir William Fraser, Bart., Sir Henry Webb, Bart., Sir Ralph Howard, Bart, Lady Howard and party, General Charritie, Sir G. Wombwell, Bart., Col. Meyrick, Miss Meyrick and party, Col. Wilkinson, Col. Woodford, Col. W. L. Freestun, M.P., and Mrs. Lockyer Freestun, Col. Han bury, Col. Yorke, Major Pole, Mr. Sergeant Wrangham, Mr. Alderman Challis, Mrs. Hatton, Mr. Morley, Mr. A. Selwyn, Mr. W. Cox, M.P., and Mrs. Cox, Mrs. Selwyn Tuyll, Mr. and Mrs. Thietlethwayte, Mr. and Mra. H. Watson, Mr. Morgan and party, Mr. L'zardi and party, Mrs. Agar, Mrs. Auldjo, Mr. and Mrs. Chap lin and party, Mr. and Mrs. Abercrombie, &c. A Punic PARK FOR BIRMINGHAM. — A strenuous effort is now making to sebum Aston Hall and its park for the permanent use and enjoyment of the people of Dirmingham. N AUSTRALIA. MALTA, JULY 2L The Peninsular and Oriental Company's fleet steampacket the Simla, E Cooper, commander, and Commander Keatley, RN., mail agent, de spatched from Sydney on the 25th 'of May, reached Suez on the 12th July with 35 passengers, and gold on freight to the value of 40,5801. She brought a mail of 178 boxes and bags, of which 159 are for Southampton and London, 17 for the overland route (including those for France and the Continent), and two for Malta. The next homeward mail is advertised to leave Sydney on the 15th June by the European, to be followed on the 15th July by the Columbian, and on the 15th Aug. by the Australasian. The Great Britain left Melbourne on May 21st with 101,600 ouuces of gold and 34,000 letters from Victoria. We take the following summary of news from the Melbourne Argus of May 29 : " Since the publication of our last overland sum mary a steady supply of gold has been received from the mining districts, but the average weekly yield has been below that of the past year. The employ ment of larger numbers than at any former period of the mining population in deep sinking and quartz mining, their consequent withdrawal from the im mediate production of gold, and the protracted dry ntss of the season account for the falling off in the escort re urns. When the labour of the deep sinkers has been consummated and the hoards of the shal low sinkers have passed through the process of washing, the average of the returns of the current year will be brought up to that of last. " The steadiness with which the quartz reefs are being opened up at a heavy c-st of labour and of money, and the large sums expended in machinery for extracting the metal, are sure indications of the faith entertained by practical men in the hidden 'riches of our gold mines. Wo have stated that at no 'former period have such numbers been employed in sinking. This remark applies especially to the dis tricts surrounding Ballarat and Beudigo. •At Bal larat shafts are being carried down at the Durham and Delter leads, at the Gravel-pits and Specimen gully,s and all these localities promie to yield hand somely for the labour that has been expended on them. The quartz reefs at Bendig'o are yielding .fabulous quantities from the small extent opened up. 'At Dunolly, water, which has hitherto been scarce is now plentiful, and large quantities of th.-, by comparison, poor • " washing-stuff" will now be passed through the mill. A new lead is reported in this district, about one mile and a half from the Post-office, in which gold has been struck at a depth ofso feet. At Maryborough gre vier activity prevails. At the Avoca another powerful enginees the third on the Avoca lead, is nearly complete, and will in a short time be at work i❑ keeping.the water under command. At Mqvor the puddling-machines are again at work. The favourable accounts from the Ovens are fully borne out by facts. The weekly escort returns have averaged 6,540 ounces for the 12 months past, while large quantit es have been sent down from this district by private hand. " The following comparative statement of the receipts by escort, and the shipments during the first three months of the past four years, shows that the year 1857 is second only to its predecessor :- 1851. 1855. 1855. 1857. Oupces. Ounces. Ounces. Ounces. Receipts by escort 482,091 407,391 748,209 527,154 Shipments 6 6 POLITICAL. " When our last summary was transmitted to England we were in one respect in a position pre cisely similar to that which we now occupy. List is to say, we were at the latter end of a month's Parliamentary recess consequent upon a change of Ministry then, and we are in a similar position with respect to a second change of Mwistry now., But here the similarity ends. As we predicted some what more than a month since, Mr. O'Shanassy's Mini.try was one that had no reasonable hope of a permanent existence. There were then already sufficient signs of the times to show that an over whelming majority, both in Parliament and throughout the country, had no confidence in the new Administration, and that it was doomed to early destruction. So it proved. "The sittings of Parliament were resumed after the last recess on the 15th of April, only four out of the seven Ministers having secured seats, the Attorney-General (Mr. Chapman), the Solicitor- General (Mr. Wo )d), and the Commissionerof Trade and Customs (Mr. Greaves) having been rejected by the constituencies to which they severally appealed, although Mr. Wo-xl subsequently suc ceeded in securing his election for the Ovens dis trict. " On the first day of the meeting of the Assena ' bly Mr. Fellows, who had held for a brief period the office of Attorney-General under Mr. Haines, gave notice for the following day of a vote of want of confidence in the O'Shauassy Government. Mr. Fellows moved the resolution of which he had given notice, declaring the then Executive t ) be without the confidence of the house, and their con tinuance in office under these circumstances to be unconstitutional. " The debate commenced by Mr. Fellows was adjourned at midnight till the following Tuesday, but was not actually resume] till the thy after, the much-lamented death of Lady Barkly, which had occurred in the meantime, and the fact that her funeral took place on the day appointed for the re sumption of the debate, having caused a tempo rtry suspension of Parliamentary business. On the Wednesday, however, the Asssembly, after adopt ing an address of condolence to his Exc.sllency, re• sumed the debate on Mr. Fellows's. mo!ion. The debate was prolonged till seven the following morn ing, when a division occurred, and the Ministry were defeated by 34 votes to 19. Mr. O'Shanassy tendered the resignation of himself and his col leagues. " On the next day of meeting of Parliament, the folowing Tuesday, the announcement of the names of the new Ministry was made on t'aeir be half by Mr. Sairgood :—Mr. Haines, Chief Secre tary ; Mr. M'Culloch, Commissioner of Trade and Customs ; Mr. Ebden, Treasurer ; Mr. Michie, Attorney-General ; Mr. Moore, President or the Board of Land and Works ; and Mr. Knows, Solici•or-General. " The only new measure of any importance that has yet been brought before Parliament is one for the imposition of duty of 10s. per lb. on opium— a tax which may be regarded as a sort of supple ment to the capitation-tat on the Chinese. Mr. Miehie (the Attorney-General) has given notice of a motion for abolishing State aid to religion. " AGRICULTURE. " The question whether agriculture will pay here is still raised by a few of those who adhere to the old system, and whose farms, being near the coast, are open to competition from the neighbouring colo nies. In the interior, near the goldfields the ques tion is never asked at present. The higher prices obtained for their produce enable the cultivators of farms in these new districts to pay the current wages without difficulty. The statistical returns not being yet co mplete, we do not know exactly how much additional land has been brought into cultivation during the past season, but there is little doubt of the quantity being large. Complete returns have been received from five districts and counties, and in all these except one there has been a large increase. In the distirct of Bendigo there were 5,052 acres under crop last season, to 1,439 in the previous year; in the Ovens district 4,045 acres in 1856, to 2,211 in 1855 ; in the county of Nor manby 2,730 acres in 1856, to 1,329 acres in 1855 ; in the county of Dundas 918 acres in 1856, to 480 acres in 1855. In the county of Follet there has been little change, as there is nothing grown there except what the squatters raise for their own use. The numbers are 128 acres in 1856, to 123 acres in 1855. These five dis tricts are in different parts of the colony, the Ovens being at the extreme north-easv, and the county of Normanby at the south-west extremity, and will afford a fair idea of the average produce. In 1855 the average yield of wheat for the whole colony was 28 bushels to the acre ; the average of these five districts in 1856 is 26 bushels, and we may expect this to be about the general average for the year. " The best criterion of the prospects of th e agri cultural interest here is to be found in the constant demand for more free access to land. A Laud League has been s'ablished with the object of ob taining greater ficilities for settlement on land fit for agnculture, and the farmers are petitioning Par liament for the opportunity of obtaining the use of a portion of the grazing lands. A petition is also being extensively signed through the country distracts for the establishment of a Board of Agriculture. The want of a recognized head through which information of all kinds might be obtained is much fel*, as also the want of a good museum, containing specimens of the m st modern implements and machinery, and a library of the best and latest agricultural works. Thee are now many local societies springing up in differ ent parts of the country, and something like orga nisation and union is wanted among them. This it is proposed to bring about by having meetings true a-year, or oftener, of delegates from the several societies, t gether with certain ex officio members of the Government, the Professor of Natural Sciences to the University, agricultural chemists, and other persons devoted to sciences affecting this pursuit. It is to be hoped that something will be done this session towards the formation of this de partment, and it isimpossible from t it. Theoforesee callilmthateeadof vantages we may derive Australia is suited to the growth of many valuable plants and the rearing of many animals not yet in troduced, and systeniatiCaction in this direction, - alone will greatly increase'our means of developiUg the natural re:ources of the colony. " The scarcity and dearness -of horse corn have led to the trying of all sorts, of expedients to supply the deficiency. Oats are enormously high. Barley is scarcely to be had in suffi cient quantity for seed. Maize is scarce *and dear, so there is a demand for oatmeal, gram, and split peas. The only grain we have in abundance is wheat, and this, being so much the cheapest, is coming largely into for feeding draught horses. "LAJBOTTR. "During the past month there has not been • much change in the state of this market. Good mechanics have little difficulty in obtaining work, but there are still too many labourers and unskilled workmen unemployed, and the wages of this class *, have been gradually falling. As wages fall the demand increases, and the number of men unem ployed is not so great as it was. The late rains also have enabled many of the employers of labour on the goldfields to resume operations, and we now Lear little of a want of employment in the interior. Most of the men seeking work congregate in town, and their ranks are constantly increased by the new arrivals. Of these there have, been some within the last few days, and we have seen instances of their being engaged on the first day of their seeking employment ; but these must be looked on as exceptional cases. Many of them have to seek it in vain for many days. For a short time female servants were more numerous than is usual with us, and" their wages fell about one-sixth—instead of 301. a year, ordi- naty general servants had to accept 251. ; but the number of those unengaged is again decreasing. As far as the working classes are concerned, our politicians have chosen au utifi t rtunate season for their Ministerial changes. These changes, and the strong opposition to the Government measures which preceded them, have cau se d a d e l ay o f t h ree months in e commencement of publlc works at a period of the year when many of the labouring, classes have nothing else to look to. After the conclusion of harvest most of the men thrown on_ the market have no otber resources until there is water enough on the goldfie!ds to allow of the `dirt' being washed up, and the precious metal obtained. This channel is now open, ancl is absorbing mos; of the unemployed men of the' country, and the inconvenience and difficulty arising from the suspeus'on and delay in the com mencing of public works cannot continue much. longer. All classes seem to be strongly opposed to any further waste of time, and the first work . that will be expected from Parliament on the re sumption of. business will be the passing of the. estimates and a definite settlement of the ra il wa y' qu-stion, so that the works may be commenced firth with. "From the English papers lately received there appears to be a strong feeling among the unem ployed in favour of emigration to Australia ; and the btoppage of our grand scheme for the formation of a large department, with plenty of money to spend in forwarding labour to the colony will cause much disappointment. This project is not likely to be carried out as was originally intended. Be fore the arrangements were complet e d, our s t a t e s-' wen were stsrtled to find that, from soma cause unforeseen by them, we could not employ the work ing men already in the country. This circumstance was taken advantage of by the so-called popular can didates in attempting to se cure their re-election. They pointed out the impropriety of sencl.ng money away for the introduct on of more labourers when there were so many idle men among us for whom we could find nothing to do. But they either did not see or were not honest enough to acknowledge th tt the dearth of employment arose solely from a want of foresight on the part of those entrusted with the expenditure of the public funds, them selves among the number. The Parliament, and by their authority the Executive Government, very much influence the state of the labour marketi and the unskilful use of this power may lead to serious results. It was expected that the railways and other works would draw so many men from the regular branches of productive indu-try as to cause quite a derangement of the business of the country ; but while measures were being taken to guard against the anticipated evil an unexpected one arose. This again is likely to drive us into the other extreme, and to prevent any mear4 being taken for the introduction of labour." " MINING. " It appears from our provincial contemporaries that fortune still flings gigantic nuggets at the feet of s.)me of her favourites. At the VVhipstick, on the 30th ult., a nugget weighing 26 ounces was taken up in the Scotchman's Gully, a short dis:- tance from the claim where the 370 ounce nugget was found, and on the day previous (Tuesday) an other nugget was taken up out of a different claim in the same ground weighing 19 ounces. At APltityre's a pers n named M'Evoy has a claim or, ,a quartz reef lately opened, and on Tuesday week he took out from it two specimens, one weighing 1291 b. and the other 81b., 1371 b. in all. It is sup' posed that about 401 b. efe quartz will be the out side, the remainder pure gold. On the following dry he and his mate, a young boy, took out an' other specimen weighing 1071 b., of which the be:ter half is pure. gold. The claim is very little worked, ,nd the deepest part is only 18 inches. The finder of the present lot is the same party who found the nugget weighing 129 ounces 18 dwts. in No. 3 gully at M'lntyre's, which was the occasion of the last rush. Of course these are the prizes in the lottery of gold-digging, and there are plenty 9° f blanks, of which we hear nothing. The gnarl ° reefs in various districts are yielding almost fabir lous returns. DEATH OF LADY BARELY. " We sincerely regret to have to record the death of Lady Barkly, wite of his Excellency the Go - ver; nor. Her ladyship gave bi r th 'to a son on the Bth °.,," April, and fr ,m th a t ti me un til h er d ecease, occurred on the 17th ult,, she suffered from a nerv t excitement, produci ng d e p ress i on o f sp i r i ts, fits 1" hyst ria, and at length a complete nervous exhaljr tiou terminating in death This melancholy event 10 cal!e I forth oue general feeling of regret for the loss of a lady who had thus early succeeded in GI l eating the respect and es t eem o f a ll c l ass e s , so has also excited as wide-spread a sentiment of OP: pithy for her bereaved husi and. The unpopulari% acquired by previous gove rnors h a d i n d uce d el, pe )ple of Victoria to scrutinise with a watchful ain,.. suspicious eye the character and conduct of S i ' Henry and Lady Barkly, and it redounds, ther e ; fore, all the more to the honour of the decease: lady to have won, as she did in so. short time the confidence and respect of the people among whom she came as a perfect stranger Thi s s h e ,ao; complished by the-blended dignity and affability oi her manner, her active and unostentatious further' `ance of the objects of our charitable institution! , and the cordial and intelligent interest she non' fested in whatever promised to be of advantage t° the colony and its inhabitants. A n d t h e excell.ent qualities which were thus ear l y d eve l ope d i n -t-"'" too brief career of the deceased lady deepen and tensify the grief we e x p er i ence at h er loss . infant son only survived his mother for a fortnir and his remains were deposited in the same gray with those of Lady Barkly. . The rains which prevailed during the sulnr c i e f season have increased as the winter has advanc e , It was expected that the moisture of the seis°,l when dry weather usually prevails, would "" counterbalanced by the dryness of the svas e t ,' which is usually characterised by m oistur e. Such, however, has not been the case. nearly all prts of the country, the inforrnit:' be is that a super abundance of moisture is universal experience. Rains falling rivers riSi fi ci v o ' and creeks overflowing their banks, -tend-to den o vast tracts of the country, and saturate the soi re l h a an extent rarely experienced in Australia. * dr i, result of this state of things is, that all those so o t cultural product , , to which an excess of rain is sot positively detrimental, have exhibited a fruitftll°a which is rarely equalled and never surpassed ; the announcements of extraordinary yields are 0 th Among other, one of the local papers g ives 0 ;,, tame of a farmer who succeeded in obtaining f t o . one acre of land upwards of eight tons of a' P r duA which is quoted in Sydney at 8/. to la r o .. ton. The cattle, tog, throughout the country hibit the improving influence which the rains ha r e had upon the pasture lands. " Mobs" of cag e° to sent to market, which are describe" as superi or ble any bred in the same districts fora considel . '„fa period. In some localities the continued rains had the effect which might be anticipated 1 0 e'ut ing au increased demand for land as P poses. GOLD CIRCULAR. From the Sydney Morning Herald, May 23 ; Memo . Adelong... . per oz. £3 3 1 4 5 6 6 G Tambaroora 3 14 1 Stoney Creek " 3 3 u , Sofala and Tur o n ~ 3 1 3 0 3 12 13 , Braidwood SI 312 6 Hinging Rock 3 12 „ 6 Rockey River (clean) Omeo l/ English sovereigns 4 per cent, premium. American coins at a premium. Chilian ditto at a discount. French gold and silver ditto ditto. The Netherlands Land Enclosure Con ) 1 3311 ;ti l. issued a report preparatory to their meeting on ti. o ur The operations of the past 12 months h ave been °Viola ab'e, not only as regards the amount of additiooto nor' redeemed, but also as to the crop obtain ed from the ioru9t sown with i:olza last year. kor COIYID 04 Ben 13,1 Mac 011 Boa Mimi ate deal Joint st eady 28 i, Lo 41 k 114 tral MiEel l ariatic realise 13 RITI „ St 3 Per i 1 New.; Tq lik„1 C L go l , Etch( 9m. Vxcl ] . Dlttc ?sick kortugi Ditto Dittc Russia] Turkiel mit DI tt Ditt Dutch Do. Th( day l a bility City 28th the Ito Th th e c , St. A. Panic