The Sun. — London, England, 1857-07-24 00:00:00

HER MAJESTY'S THE ATRE. FAREWELL PERFORMANCES AT BzDucED PRICES. THIS EVENING, FRIDAY, July 24, LA CENERENTOLA. • Angelina, Alboni; Don Kimero, Belart ; Don 3./lagniaco, . Roc; and Dandini, Eelletti. Retween'tito Acts a Divertissement, --Grand Pas do Deux. —Mdle. Boschetti and M. Baratti. The Last Scene of I MARTIRI. Paolina, Pieeolomini ; Poliuto, Ginglini. To cottelude with the new Ballet Divertiss went, by Paul Taghoni, entitled ALPHEI Mdle; Marie Taglioni, M. Ceechetti, and M. Charles. PRICES: s pit Tier, Grand Tier, and 0.,e Pair £2 12 6 Two Pair 1 11 6 Ralf Circle 1 1 0 Xit Stalls 0 12 6 - 0411ery Boxes Gallery Stalls 0 3 6 Gallery Side Stalls Pit 0 3 6 Gallery 0 2 0 No free list —Applications to be made at the Box-office of the Theatre. Doors open at 7, Jpera to commence at half past 7. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE] Farewell Performances at Reduced Prices. TO-MORROW, SATURDAY, July 25— IL DON GIO VANNI. MONDAY, July 27—LA CENERENTOLA. Last Act of LA FAVORILA, TUESDAY, Jnly 28—DON GIOVANNI. WEDNESDAY, July 29—LA SONNAMBULA. Last Scene of LUCI DI LAMMERMOOR THURSDAY, July 30—Mozart's NOZZE DI FIGARO. FRIDAY, July 31--IL TROVATOR E. The entertainments in the Ballet will combine the talents of Madame Rosati, Madlles. Katrine, Boschetti, and Marie TaglionL Prices as above. THEATRE -ROYAL, DRURY-LANE Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. OPEN EVERY EVENIN T. GREAT EQUESTRIAN AMERICAN and CONTINENTAL COMPANY. Frices—Pit and Promenade, is ; Boxes, 2s. 61, 25., and is. 64. ' • Galleries, 6d. Doors open at half-past 7. Commence at 8. JACK THE CHANT KILLER, with novel effects. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, THIS EVENING will be performed Shakespero's Play of T FIE TEMPEST. Preceded by LIVING TOO FAST. T HEATRE ROYAL, B A YMA.RKET Lessee—Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, to commence at Seven o'clock, with the -new and greatly su , cessful original Comedy, entitled VICTIMS, in which Mr. Buckstone, Mr. Howe, Mr. William Farren, Miss Reynolds, dze., will appear. After which, by general desire, she late Douglas Jerrold's comedy of THE HOUSEKEEPER. To conclude with a new Ballet, THE GLEANERS. Orchestra Stalls (which may be retained the whole of the evening), 6s. each. (No charge for booking.) First Price. s. d. Second price. s. d Dress Boxes 5 0 Dress Boxes 3 0 Upper Boxes .. 3 0 Upper Boxes 2 0 Pit Lower Gallery 1 0 Lower Gallery Upper Gallery 0 6No half-price to Upper Gallery. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. Lessee—Mr. Ben. Webster. For the Benefit of Mr. and Mrs. Barney Williams. THIS EVENING, will be performed the new drama of THE FAIRY CIII LE; or, Con O'Carolan's Dream. Mr, s..d Mrs. B. Williams. After which, OUR GAL. Mrs. B. Williams. Followed by TIIE HAPPY MAN. Followed. by a new farce, LATEST FROM NEW YORK. Mr. and Mrs. Barney Williams. ROY AL OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. Alfred Wigan. MR. ALFRED WIGAN'S FAREWELL BENEFIT. THIS EVENING, Friday, July 24, will be performed A CONJUGAL LESSON. After which, A SHEEP IN WOLF'S CLOTHING. 3!r. Wigan will deliver a Farewell Address. To conclude with the original Extravaganza, by Robert B. Brough, Esq., called MASANIELLO. Messrs. Rob son, Cooke, Danvers, drc. ; Misses Smanborough, Thirlwall, Hughes, Bromley, and Mrs. Melfont. Commence at half-past Seven. OYAL SURREY THEATRE. Lessees, Messrs. Shepherd an 4 Creswick. Ninth appearance of the great Egg lish Tenor, Mr. Henry quires. THIS EVENING. (Friday), will be performed IL TROVATORE Mr. H. Squires, Lucy Escott, and Miss Lang, To cone nde with THE DAUGHTER OF THE REGI MENT. Mr. Manvers and Miss Dyer. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. LA. Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke. Under the patronage of Her Majesty and His Royal Highness Prince Albert. The ever popular Spectacle of MAZEPPA. continues its triumphant career The renowned Parisian Equestrienne, Madlle. Mllilos, nig v hailed with enthusiastic approhat on. THIS EVENING (FRIDAY+ the entertainments will TILE WILD HORSE. Mazeppa, Mr. JameeHolloway. The entertainments concluding with a recherche pro gramme of Mr. W. Cooke's SCENES in the ARENA, intro dneng the talented Equestrian and Gymnastic Artistes, and Madlle. Mililos, the grea Parisian Equestrienne, in her daring SCENE D'EQUITATION. CommeLee at seven o'clock. Dress Boxes, 4s. ; Upper Blxes, 35.; Private Boxes, from 2 s., no charge for booking: Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is, ; Upper Gallery, 6d. Half-price at half-past Eight. B,A office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. Wc.st. Equestrian Director, Mr. W. Cooke, jun. G REAT NATIONAL STANDARD TUEATRE. Proprie►.nr Mr John Donzlas. LAST NIGHT OF THE WIZARD. THIS EVENING, Profesor ANDERSON, the Great Wizard of the North, in his entirely New Magical Drama, A NIGHT IN WONDER-WORLD ; or, Magic, Mirth, and Mystery. Extraordinary novelties every night, and three new tricks each night for the concluding week of wonders. Att•action incrosing every night. Great success of Mr. G. Forde, who is the King of Comic Vocalists. CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road.-- OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The follow ,n 4 company of Vocalists are engaged for the performance o Feloctions from all the popular Operas, Madrigals, Choruses Glee., Duets, &c., viz.: Miss E. Pearce, Mrs. Palmyra, Miss cott, Kiss Brunel', Miss Summers, and Madame Marietta Mr St. A byn, Herr F. Jonghmans, R. Grover, T. Far. rant, S. .o .es, J. BArker, W. Melling, P. Cord. Senor An tonic) M. Solla, and E. L. Hime ; Master Cord; Messrs. Sam Oollins, and E. Mackney. pianoforte, Mr Cecil Hicks; harmonium, Master ; Director, Herr F JonghtuAns Commence at Seven o'clock precisely. SA'j persiodme until twelve o'clock limn WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. T.ilB DAT—Morn., E 3 min. aft. 3 —Even. 13 min aft. 4 To leititow—lorn. 34 min. aft. 4 —Even., 50 min. aft. THE WEATHER—SuN 017ICI, JULY 24. THEE/4011MB, IN THIII SUADE. 80 —highest singe noon yesterday. 64 --'owest this morning and during the night. 78 --this day at noon. BABONETTE, 29.97. Wrzu, SW., fresh with fine summer weather. . .. t . e•l7 ~,- „ ~. *.. 5 , : 4, F . 3:117 .n 1 ..,..,,.. N " . .\ _, cr , • ~. ~....44,-:-.,,,,,.4 - • • ,j , 4. ~9„:_,•:--t,...z.,..,...-f > :q . .,.., ; 4 4 ., c -,-.. , ,,:i : iy. ,A•••'-./...,,...,, ' ‘- .. , ..o--.,..c.,; 4--- LONDON, FRIDAY, JULY 24, 1857. The intelligence from India may now be antici pated at any hour. It is, indeed, anxiousl3 looked for by those who have relatives or friend at the scene of action, and also by the communit) at large, who fear that their worst apprehensionF, as to the extent and magnitude of the danger ma: be Verified, and that a severe contest must ensue, whereby, although India may be re-conquered, i. will be at the cost of many valuable lives, and al. enormous Pecuniary outlay. There is, however no alternative. We must accept the gage flung down by the mutineers, and carry the struggle to a successful termination, at any expense. Th. more decided and energetic our proceedings, in the first instance, the sooner may we hope for th, restoration of peace and tranquilit y , and the suppression of the spirit of revolt and disaffec tion so recently, and perhaps still, prevailin g amongst the Sepoy troops. In such a case true 000nomy is to be found in an unsparing outlay it, the early stage. Every pound properly applies within the first week will save ten or twent times the amount at a subsequent stage of tt, proceedings, and we can easily realise the accu raby bf the well known Hibernicism, that " the best way to avoid danger is to meet it plump." jn fact, the most daring will also be found to NI the most prudent course. Corbin papers hale just been laid before both Houses of Parliament relative to tho mutinies. They certainly do not give any very ex Ilt3d notion of the activity or zeil of the Hon. Court, at Leadenhall-street. We can only wonder at the apathy and indifference manifested by the magnates of Leadenhall-street, who appear to have been busily engaged, doing nothing, with Mr. R. VERNON SMITH and his coadjutors of the Indian Board elaborately helping them. All that they think proper to do is to pro mise that they will give the subject, of the extensive and calamitous outbreak, their best attention at the earliest possible period, but this seems to be the stereotyped form for postponing the evil day in accord ince with the most approved principles of red-tapism. If the difficulty is overcome by those on the spot, if the smouldering fire be extinguished before its bursts into Elaine—well. The Hon. Court will gravely accept the congratulations that may be tsnd ered. But if not, matters must take their course, and nothing very important, one way or the other, will proceed from the " King Log" of Leadenhall street. The great, the vital question is, bow the troops under orders for India may he most rapidly conveyed to their destination ! We are told that the East Indian Company have chartered six large screw steamers, which may probably be enabled to carry some 4,000 men. There are, in addition, seven clipper vessels spoken of as under engagements to proceed as soon as possible. We have, however, sorecently pointed out the immense difference in point of time in favour of those with the auxiliary screw, a difference, amounting on an average to thirty-seven days, that it must be obvious that mere sailing vessels cannot sufficiently discharge the required duty. There is but one way in which they could be made beneficially available, and that is by obtaining the aid ofsteam in the only practical manner. We shah point out how this may be effected, albeit at the risk of having our suggestions pooh-poohed, according to the usual practice by the red-tapists at Whitehall. We have, at present, no less than 195 gun boats, lying up in ordinary. These were pre• pared for the Russian war, but were deprived of the opportunity of displ Lying their utility by the " lame and impotent conclusion" of the contest. They cost a good round sum fur ,which no return was made. Now by sending out a number of these boats along with the sailing vessels, they would be able to take the latter in tow during calms, so as to prevent the deplorable loss of time that too frequently occurs, while the clippers might each carry a few hundred tons of coals for the use of the gun boats. If they should by any possibility be required at home, it would be easy to build others, all the models are available, and it could be done in a very short time. Their services in the way we have pointed out would be peculiarly valuable. They would not only materially expedite the ar rival of the troop?, but when they had arrived at the spot, they would be just what was required For the Indian seas and along the coast of Cnins.. Being enabled to run into the creeks and lagoons, they would effectually suppress piracy, bring the war to a speedy termination, and prevent any ill consequences wh 'n it was concluded. We must, however, be stimulated before we can shake off die unaccountable apathy that delays every suit- Able measure, and that stimulus, we truA, will be supplied by the debate in the Commons on tfonday, and not by evil tidings from India, which may be received before that debate can take place. We would also direct altmiti m to an admirable suggestion contained in a letter from " Maim," which appears in another part of our impression. It is that the 40th Itegt., over 1,000 strong, and now in Australia should at once be sent to India where tt could arrive within little more than a fortnight v 4.44. ‘.l , 6lLott L La. We trust that this obvious step may be resorted to, but fear that such will not be the case unless imperative instrucsions be transmitted by the mail which may be overtaken via Altrseillies up to to-morrow evening. 2d GEORGE 1., cap. 6, is among other things, for app )inting the form of an affir mation to be t iken by the people called Quakers, instead of the Oath of Abjura tion ; ' in other words, an affirmation of abjuration, instead of the Oath of Abjuration. Sure:y, not merely law but common sense must decide that the only possible way to ascertain the words which iCtig, Lords, and Commons, considered to be the Oath of Abjuration, is to discover what words are in that oath, which they omitted in the affirmation, of abjuration. And there can be no doubt that the only words in the oath of abjuration, which they omitted in the affirmation of abjuration, are on the true faith of a Christian, so help me GOD ;' so that, not with standing Lord CAMPBELL'S asser tion, the very act which permitted Mr. Pease to make an affirmation of abjuration, has also decided that the words on the true faith of a Christian, so help me GoD,' are words of oath, and not the substance of that which is sworn to." This is so clear and intelligible that it must convince any unprejudiced and disinterested person. The King, Lords and Commons, a few years (13 years) after the oath of abjuration had been sanctioned, passed an act which virtually separated the form from the substance, and the omission of the jurat or swearing portion was, and "this I swear on the true faith of a Christian, so help me GOD," It has thus received a legislative interpretation, which has Tar greater weight that any judge-made law ever de creed. The course for the House of Commons is clear, and we cannot think that B Iron ROTHS CHILD will be suffered to sustain any iojury for acting in accordance with a resolution of the whole House. Tfi E S U LONCON J FRIDAN EVENING JULY 24, 1857. TROOPS FOR INDIA. It is announced that the East India Company have chartered six large screw steamersf in addition to several c!ipper vessel -7, for the conveyance of troops. The steamers consist of the G Slden Fleece of 2,700 tons, ard the Lady Jocelyn, of 2,200 tons, belonging to the Euro pean and American Steam Company ; the Australian, of 1.391 t ms, the Sydney, of 1,391 tons, and tie Victoria, of 1.897 tons, belonging to 'ha Australian C.irnpany ; and the Scotland, of about 1,800 tons, b , l wing to Mr. W. S. Lindsay. These six vessels, it is thought, might carry more than 4 000 men. The t-rina to be paid for 'he Golden Fleece and Lady Jocelyn are 491. per man. For the other, it is 431. 15a. per man. The Golden Fleece and Lady Jocelyn will at St. Vincent's orßio to coal, the company having depots at those stations. The i•ailing vessels engaged include the James Dames and Champion of the Seas, each of abotv, 2,000 tons, ard the F.rerithner, Warrior Queen, Ghengis Khan, Vernon, and Marlborough. LONDON AND BRIGHTON RAILWAY. HALF-YEARLY MEE rING.—(THIS DAY.) The usual half yearly meeting of the Shareholders cf the London, Brighton, and South Coast Railway, took place this day at the Bridge House Hotel. The chair was taken at 1 o'clock by L. Schuster, Esq. The report, 7i-biol.) has &ready appeared in The Sun, having been taken as read, Tne. CHAIRMAN said it was always the endeavour of the directers to make everything as clear as possible in the report, so that the remarks . that he had to address to them would be very brief, and al that would be needs.- Vary for him to do that afternoon would be just to glance at the heads of the report. They would perceive that the outlay of capital during the pa-t year had been 6,000/., having but 1.0001. of the capital available,and such being the case they were under the necessity of coming to the proprietors to eenction an atTlication to Parlia ment for raising the sum of 200,000/. DAB sum was a very large one, yet it was absolutely necessary as it was iruposeible with our increasing traffic to keep the ex ' penditure stationary. In asking the sanctien of the proprietors ter the necessary powers to raise the sum, he could assure the shareholders that no unnecessary expenditure would be incurred. The outlay that ha-i aken place this year had boon called for by necessity. Tue improvements that were being made at the Lewes station, and to be made at the Three Bridges station, he felt sure would produce the best possible effect. Their rolling stock •as in the most efficient condition— the company having in its possession actually more than was necessary. (Hear, hear.) The chairtnae, having ala-ied to the other heads of the report, informed the meeting that the application to Parliament for the such to be raised would not be made during the present see sine, and that the reason why p- , veers were sought to rai-e so large a sum of money, was that the &rectors thongl:t it better to have a larger bum a t eees and .herehe e re— -•-. - - ...., ... .efee., Leg the ex / e--e ei. ito or three attpliea'ione for email sums. 1 (Flear, hear.) Having touched on the cepi'al accouet, the chairman cenc!uJed by informing the meeting that to their applications to Pariiaineet during the present session they had been successful, in all but one trifling in stance, and having congratulated the shareholdereon the pro-perity of the affeils cf the company, concluded by movine the adoptem of tee rvert, at the sawetime an nouncing that he should be happy to answer any guts ti :me the isearehol-'ers pleased to put to him. Mr. Scerr seconded the adepion of the report, Mr. HERETATH asked what would be the sum expended on the Lewes stator. t The CHAIRMAN said about 3,000/. Mr. lIEREPATH asked if in the event of the 200,0001. being granted it was intended to c,ll it al. up. 1 Tne CHAlRMAN—Certainly not. It will only be called up as it is required. He could assure the meeting that not a penny of the money eouid be laid out what wool; be productive. (Tsar, hear.) A SHAREHOLDER asked it there was any action pond ing er it, expecta ion ' he asked this question in o r d er t o aseertain how far the company was involved in legal matters. The improvements at the Three Bridges station, he thought were call -d for by actual necessity. The CHAIRMAN said he did not knom of one cause of action. (Hear, hear.) There was one claim but that no douht will be settled. Baron ROTHSCHILD has accepted the Chiltern Hundreds, and again comes forward as a candi date for the city of London. This step was, it appears, taken in redemption of the pledge given by the Baron at the last election, and was ap proved of by a.larg,e proportion of the Liberal electors who yesterday attended at the Loudon Tavern, and who emphatically pledged themselves to support his re-election. We have no doubt that this course has been Adopted in the most honourable and straightfor ward spirit, and in the anxious desire to prevent the possibility of any charge being made by the most captious opponent. It might also have been agreed to, in the belief that the additional demonstration by the citizens of the inctropolie. might hare some effect on the perverse majority in the Liras. We cannot, however, think that it was either necessary or expedient. No new proof was required at the hands of the lectors of the City as to their attachment to the ;mat principle of civil and religious liberty, of which Baron ROTHSCHILD has for ten years been the representative. Nor, under exist ing circumstances, would any elector com plain of a broken promise had the Baron ',waited the result of the pending struggle hetween the Lords and Commons. If any com plaint could be put forward, it would not be because he had delayed his resignation, but rather that he unnecessarily tendered it, and thus given an additional chance to those who cling to the "last rag of intolerance that" still defaces the Na ional Statute Book. Since, however, the writ ens been already ordered, nothing remains but 'or the liberal electors to adopt the most energetic measures to return Baron ROTHSCHILD once more )3T an overwhelming majority, and to prove be• yond the possibility of doubt, the futility of any ipposition that may be attempted. Baron ROTHSCHILD declared that "if Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S bill should be withdrawn, if another bill was rejected as before by the House of Lords, he was satisfied that the House of Commons would then seat him by resolution." This is an implied pledge that PaßeiauzNrear OATHS BILL —lt should nq be for he will be prepared to take his seat, and gotten that it a collhooo between the House of Comm ina to brave all the penalties that may b e i m and p theCzrtsof Law is to b e sac , untere I, it is the posed r. who ii be answerable fcr so unfortunate a con upon him for sitting and voting in tingency. The more Lord Campbel and thos e wh o tacos.think with him deprecate the di sagreea bl e consequi - nces Notwithstanding, ,however, the decision which may ensue from each a contest, the more are the e be e t f w ie een in MILLER v. SALONtoNS (the appeal wherein is Peers bound to avert it by all means in their power. t to b ng e b e i el s an t ri not s r b . u yet undecided ;) we cannot think the danger so tlht,mcaLbjewetaskeenedatab,acc,e,ertrati.tl Lawt.ha aw very formidable. It is obvious that the words duration "on the true faith of a Christian" are part of the F in any case, but will it woul. nfeig h oedly As to the legality d of proceeding pr e t o i cee f d t ing i Adjuration intended to give additional solemnity c n onimon a sense se 2 7 f way th cage,haveoresowletton, l in e P f e a n vou r of it of the to the oath, and not a portion of the oath itself. a present Att }roe) , General. Sir Richard Bethel!, whose The Ex-M.P., t o w h ose a d m i ra bl e corn mun i - ing yeristtyerdwaays q g u a o v t e e d som by e B ye a e r r o e n a ß gu ot e h u sc e h p il i : u i i a u t u t u h p e e m u teheite cation we recently directed attention, and who subject, to which he deliberately adheres. This it is : dways "strikes the right nail on the head," a `Bai the Oathsronßoichof Supremacy ild and AldermanSolomonshd o av a i i n s g ye , takel gonint a h and Anmanenge'rarienew,hi an which the and with a s l e d ge hammer blow, has placed this the Oaths of A,:jura tuestion in so clear a light that ho who runs may t fl it o e us i e t, i ) s t b a o k u e nd th by law to ad m i n i s t er th e s h at . ue, s H a o r u e s e e n :, cad. 110 h as sho wn t h at the o bj ction of There ' are, ' of cour , 4 3 , r ., '' t e b a t t ; s d: - .7i • i n o i n: ll u b f er t s ,lie °f C t “ur•s of 1.4 . rw Quakers to the - words "on the tut() faith of a tee otter xay, a ,, d we fear it cannot be di,puted that in 13,re sheuld b e sea t e d by re..olutiou the Christian" are bec ause they consider it t o be an oath "3"je of Commons meal Housemmons mu.t prepare for a co filet with the just as much as the words, "so help me GOD, ~ Courts. We wish we cou ld h ope th at th e P eers , b, a tardy concession, would p reven t th e ev il o f such a dis- A i ,end for that scruple an exp ress A ct of Par- pute beinginflicted on th e coun t r y. Th e re is yet time liament, 2d GEORGE 1., c. 6, was framed. to avert it, but, if the Peers persist in their obstinate On this point, he says-- , " The title o f the antagonism, at least thete can be DO doubt on whose shoulders the responsibaity will res t -. Tones. After a Fl'ort discusci,n the report was adopted, acd the u•ual dividend, 21. 10s. per cent. for the half-year waR declared. A vote of thanks to the chairman terminated the pro ceedirls. THE QUEEN OF THE NETHERLANDS.—WINDSOR, Thur,day.—Toe , Qaeen of the Netherlands arrived at Windsor this forenoon, by a . special t ra i n on t h e G reat Western Railway. Her Mapsty, acc )mpanied by his Serene Highness Prince E,l , vard of Saxe ‘Veiniar and suite, was received at the Queen's Saloon by Colonel Sir Georwe C-uper, Robert Blunt,.EF.q., and M r . L a yt on. The Qoeen was received by ?dr. Norman M‘Donald and Mr. Roberts, who afterwards conducted her Majesty through the Ca,•tl.. • The twenty-s - ;xth anniversary of the inauguration of the King of the B lgians was celebrated at Brussels on Tuesday with the usu , l ceremonial, THE GREAT GUM —The foaming distinguished visitors have lately visited the Great Globe. the pano rama, &c : —Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherh,nls and suite, his Royal Efighnes4 Prince Alfred and suite, hi-, Royal Highness Prince Frederick William of Prus4a, Lady Beaumont, Lady Elivabeth Vaughan, Lady Ed cards. Seiunor Don P.::(fro Verrer, Sir George Hodg kinson, Sir Tnomas and Lady Cochrane, Mrs. Hoare, Mr. Le strange and lady, Alexander Curling, Esq , the Duchess of Marlborough, Lady Nevill, the Duchess of Beaufort, &c. THE WEATHER IN PARIS —At spa o'clock yesterday morning the thermometer of M. Chevallier stood at 17 4-10tos Centigrade (6i Fahrenheit); at noon, at 22 4-10 hs C. (72i F.), and at two at 24 2-10ths C. (75i F ) The educational establishment for ponr female children which the Eainress has caused to be constructed in the Faubourg St Antoine and which bears the name of the " Maisou Eugenie-Napoleon," has hlready received one hundred girls. In a short time this number will have Lien increased to three hundred. The meeting of the National Discount Company ye-t,.rday was a stormy one, the absorption of the half year p ' rofit4 in bad debts l ea di ng to t h e manifestation of an angry feeling on the part of some of the proprietors. The directors' report and account, however, were re ceived and adopted, LITEST N AUSTRALIA. We have received the following from Mar- seille3 : .• "MALTA, JULY 19. "The Scamander screw steamer has just arrived from Alexandria, bringng 172 boxes and six bags of letters from Australia, New Zealand, Point de Galle, and Aden, which rea c h e d S uez , per Si m l a, on the 12th inst. " There was nothing new at Malta. "No arrangement has yet been made about the sailing of the Australian mails. The present mails were brought from MaltA by the French posta steamer." The Moniteur announces that the rumour which has been circulated of the despatch of French troops to China is entirely without foundation. orders that he should be everywhere receive" with till honours due to his rapk. The carpals ILion of the Iltrro was inaugurated, on the 19th with great solorrni7. The popul4tion of Barcelona, which, after Madrid. is the most important town in Spain, now amounts to 183,787 souls. In the year 1862 Russia will have arrived at the thoua tndth year of fits existence as a separate Power. In conamernontion of that anniversary . the Emperor has ordained that a national monu ment shall be erected at Novgorod, where the first Russian Sovereign resided. To defray the ex penses of the national in. , nument a general sub scription has been opened throughout the empire, in conformity with a circular addresed to the d,f fer,n, Governments by the Minister of the Interior. The Director-General of the Works and Ways has been intrusted by the Emperor with the erection of the monument. It appears that the request of the amba - iFad.ors at Cc,nstantinople to Lave the elections in _Moldavia postponed to the 27th has not been gr-Antrl ; the last accounts meiriodni4 that they took place on the 19th. The abstentions are said lo be very numerous, particularly among the m:mbeis of the PARIS, FRIDAY, JULY 24, BA. m. I clergy. The Tuscan Monitore •publishes a Grand Due)] decree of the Bth, establishing a national bank in Tuscany, having its principal est tblislunents at Florence and Leghorn, and with power to establish branch-banks in th , -, oih r towns of Vie Duchy. The capiial of the bank is fixed at 8,000,000 of life (6,660,0001 r.), and its charter is to last 20 years. The Second Chamber of the States General of Holland adopted on the 20th, by 47 to 13, the 1341 on primary instru tin. In consartrnce of the adoption of h:s bill, M. Gr.envan Prin.terer, chief of the last cabinet, g ive in his re , ignation as deputy —the bill tot be n. of the exclusively Protestant character which he considers necessary. A communication from Vienna, in the Zeit of Berlin, mentions a report that a s' amp duty was about t,) be charged on newspapers in :A u-trig, with the view to reducing the deficit in the budget. NEW WORKS OF DEFENCE AT GOSPORT. The Government have just completer] the pur chase of a tract of laud, encompassing the town of Gosport, at a di , tanc- of about two miles from it, for the purpose of establishing upon it a new line of forifications. The 1 oid purchased is a broad belt of about three hundre 1 yards in width, and extends from Fritter's Paint, at the upper part of Port-mouth Harbour, to the sea in the neighbour hood of Stokes Bay. In its direct on it bi-ects the Fareham-road a short distance to the northward of the haudtt of Brockhurst, then crosses the Itch field-road to the eastward of the picturesque chapel of Rosner, from which point it bears away towards Gr.nge, part of which ei;tete it includes, and t,r mieates, as before stated, at the sea at the wast horn of Stekei Bay, near which, and include! in the Government purclps.-, is the new fort already built, named Gower, after the estate of Levesou Gower, E-q., which has also been purchased. Some of the circumstances cenn eted with the purchase transa tion of the land in this neighbour hood are painfully ridiculons. Ab mt fifty years ago, the neces , ity of strengthening the outlying for tifications at Gosport became apparent t) the mili tary engineers, and pm chases of land were made about Browndown and in the locality of G7wer Fort for this purpose, on which occasion ,bout 1001. per acre we e paid fir the property. The laud however was not turned to accou , ,t forfertifica ions. Wi•h the exc , ption of a few small earthworks, no thin,? was done; and in the office of the late Sir H. Vivian, the greater pare. of the Government laud was sold, and in many instances did net resdae more than 10/. per acre. ()lithe occasion of the last pur chase of the same land, wh , ch ley: been thus bought and sold on such uefavculahle terms, Government paid 2401. per acre for it, thus making the public a loser by about 300'. per acre on their teen-actions ! It has n t yet trsnspired what will be the extent and charac - er of the fortifieat.cea whilt aro to be er:c•ed on this land. At presort the only move ment has been ae or dr t) clear away all h does and other obstructions, and turn it into gloss land. Rumour stat as that a canal is t) lea cut from the upper part of the bat ly,ur to theses at Stokes Bay, for the purpose ef allowing the passage of gun bo ,ts throw;h. But it can so ircoly be sup pose,l that so much ext ease would he inciirre 1, when by the continuation of the Stoke Lake through the valey at its head, wh ch has evidently been recovered from the lake, and which terminates a , a very short di-tanco from the sea, a canal could be formed at a very much smaller coat. The circumstance, tro, of the gunboat dockyard being already on this lake is more favourab!, for such an arrangement, as, in event of a gin-b 'at hieing required for a flank movement, they eould execute the same much more quickly/r-m this pint than if they were to make the circuit of the harbour. The forts air.a. - I.y finished and in progre ss on thi s intended line of f rtificati , ns c. , n-ist of the str,,ng bastion redoubt before alluded to, gilled Gow r Fort, and another in course of construction at Frater. There is no doubt but that all this is a mwe in the right direction. The G rstport side of Port+. 1/)011 , J1 Harbour has long been a source of anxiety to military engineers, as hitherto the simple line of earthworks surrounding Gosport has been quite inadequate to bear any serious prr-ssure from an entiliv, who, having once possession of that side r.f the harbour, would have the dockyard entirely at command. The cont , mplared extended works will, however, give great security to this point, and the public may be congratulated on the undrtaking. We rcimenther, some time since, when our rela tions wiih our French neighbours were not quite so satisfactory at they ate at the present time, and when military officials were looking anxiously at our uDast defences, proposing that two line-of bat tle ships shoul I be lightened, and one floated up each of the creeks which run inland for some d s tance to the no? th and south of Gosport, and that heavy guns should be placed on their upper decks, which would enfilade the entire face of the earth works of Gosport, making it impossible foran enemy to advance without regular siege approaches. These ships, from lit-ing isolated, would be difficult for an enemy to deal with. Before cl. , sirig these remarks we must ref-r again to she gun-b.iat e:tab!ishment on Stokes Lake. The airaygeuients which at pr-a-nt exist for di=posing of this new arm of our naval defences is to haul them up on a slip, from which they are transferred to a kind of: htign railway carriage or truck, which miving at rally deposits the g.in-bxits into sheds constiuctedforthe purpose. By the present arrange ment, the tide is allowed to flow and ebb into and from the like, and the consequence is that the !To cess of hAuling up the gun-boats, and of course launching them again, can only be perf,rmed at high water, and at low neap tide there is not suffi cient water even for this. Now, the entrance to this flue lake is narrow, and, at the point where Haslar bridge crosses it, is admirably adapted for a darn, which, by being thrown across, and furni.hed of course with gates, would transform this now almost useless creek into one of the finest wet docks in the kingdom, and which would not only enable the gunb .a 's to he launched or hauled up at any time, but also provide a safe and out of the way place for any vessels of this description now blocking up our principal harbours,—Mechanics' Magazine. The arrival of an Australian mail yesterlay was un expected, the agent at Sydney having dispatched the Simla a Uirtnight befire her time to make up for the mail which, owing to the breakdown of the Oneida, had been omitted a fortnight previously—a step which it is feared will disarrange the future monthly service. The dates on this occasion are to the 30th of May from Melbourne, and consequently about five weeks later than those re cently brought by the James Baines; but, as owing to the irregularity of the arrival, the company had no boat .waiting to receive the mails on the Mediterranean side, it is thought there may be considerable delay in the re ceipt of the letters. Although the Simla touched at Ceylon on the 23d of June she brought no later Indian news. The dates from Calcutta by the last overland mail are suoposerl to have been to the 13th of June by telegraph via Bombay, and as there is a telegraph from Calcutta to Madras, and the communication between Madras and Ceylon can be effected in a week or less, it would have seemed to have been possible to have re ceived upon this occasion at least three or four days' later intelligence. It is t be supposed, however, that if any has been brought it is wholly unimportant, from its not having been transmitted by telegraph this morning. The gold by the present Australian mail is only 40,5001. but she brings intelligence of more than a mil lion on its way. 406,5001 is on board the Great Britain, which sailed from Melbourne on the 21st of May, and is now 63 days out. This vessel made her last pa4sage to Melbourne in 62 days, and she may therefore' be expected at any time. The remaining sum is 674,6001, which is on board the Indomitable, Swiftsure, Lightning, Sum mer Cloud, and Sardinian. The SILK CROP.—A letter from Milan of the 15th, says that, although the silk crop is gathered in the greater part of Italy, the amount of the produce is still uncertain. One fate, however, is aecertained—that the crop is not so deficient as was apprehended. Ad the foreign i.eed prospered. The seed raised in Lombardy, on the contrary, generally failed. The spinners and 111.1ders of a stock of silk say that the crop is bad, Speculators pretend that it is much better than last year. Everybody speaks according to his interests and his wishes ; but it is generally believed that prices will be lower than last year, and that silk present is a hazardous openulationl BARON ROTHSCHILDS RIGHT TO TAKE EIS SLAT UNDOUB I PD.—No. 2. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sir.—lf I chose to adopt the insolently dogmatic language of Lord Campbell, I should declare that no rational person. could doubt that Parliament (King, Lords, and Commons) has already decided that the words " on the true faith of a Christain" are words of form,—that is, words of oath—pre cisely the same as, "so help me Gad. 1. Even Lord Campbell must admit, that this is the opinion of Quakers themselves, and that their only objection to use the words "on the true faith of a Christian," is, bee ,use it is an oath, forbidden by the divine command in the precept, "Swear not at all." 2. The title of the 2nd Geo. 1., c. 6, is among other things, " for appointing the form of an affirmation to be taken by the people celled Quakers, instead of the Oath of Abjuration ;" in other words, an affirmation of abjuration, instead of the Oath of Abjuration. 3. Surely not merely law but common sense must decide that the only possible way to ascertain the words which King, Lords, and Cotnmons, considered to be the Oath of Abjuration, is to discover what words are iu that oath which they omitted in the affirina , ion of abjuration. 4. And there can be no doubt that the only wo , ds in the oath of abjuration, which •hey omitted in the affirmation of abjuration, are " on the true faith of a Christian, so help me God ;" so that, notwithstanding Lord Campbell's rollicking asser tion, the very act which permitted Mr. Pease to make an affirmation of abjuration, has also decided that the words "on the true faith of a Christiln, so help me Gttcl," are words of oath, and not the substance of that which is sworn to. Although it suited Lord Campbell to treat with such scoffing contempt the opinion of his by o•her judge, Baron Martin, and :his to his lordsh.p's eternal disgrace, on a questiou which he knew was coming before him juoicially, -God forbid that I should alopt the same one in speaking of the judges who decided in the case of Miller v. Salo m,,ns, that the words "on the true fai h of a Christian" were not a portion of the oath, similar to " so help me God." But surely these learned judges must admit that the party who drew the Act of Parliament 2d Geo. 1., c. 6, must be a better judge of the intention of the framers of the oath of abjuration than any one can be at the present day, for the oath of abjuration was first prescribed by the 13th Will. 111., c. 106 —l7ol—and the 2d Geo. 1., c. 6, putting this con struction on the words " On the true faith of a Chtistian" was in 1714, so that it is by no means improbable that both the acts were drawn up by the same person, very likely a lawyer.—l am, sir, your obedient servant, EX M.P. July 22, 18'37. 40th .REGIMANT. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sits,—l see daily in your paper ciders for troops from England and Ireland for India. Ido not conceive it well to drain the United Kingdom of her troops. Su ely there is a strong and eff-ctive regiment in Au , trafa, the 40th, over 1,000 strong, and why not order this regiment to the service of the mutiny ; two lerge steamers despatched from Calcutta could easily have this regiment in India in a fortnight. And in tle present peaceable state of Au•tralia, there are enough of the military and other corps to key the peace there. This order should be given at once, and then the 40th would on be in Irldta before the troops now under orders to embark from the United Kingdom for India.— I aw, , MILES, ROYAL AGRICULTURAb SOCIETY. SALISBURY, THURSDAY. To-lay there ba3 beet a very tare influx of agriculturis's, busne,:s-p:sople and sight-geers, And prop tiuus weather atter the showers of yesterday now shines upon one of the best shows the Society has ever had. The number of cattle is one-fourth more than last year, t,f horses rattier less, of eht-ep more t double, of pigs nearly double, of you try leis ; the entries of live sock being abuut 1,200 this year, against 900 list. The Herefords far surpass in number any pre vious chow, an .l in clia(ac-.tr have never, pelhins, appeared in more comely propoA'ons and more beautiful qua ity. The Dovons are much more numerous than they have bee❑ for in•iny yeard, and are extraordinarily good in almost all tile el,ses. The sheep show is undoubtedly the best the Society has yet gathered together, and is mil-. than double in nuMbor of entries that it was at Chelms ford. The LeicesterA ara not so well represented in quality as in number of attimll , ;. Mr. Pawlett and Mr. Sanday occupy their usual plice of pre eminence, and Mr. Sp neer, Mr. Radmure, Mr. Turi,er, and Mr. Cresswt-11 compwe wi h very use ful ram 4 and als ) pens of haudsoute ewes from their well-known fl , Pas. • The Southdowns are a very large class, aril equal to their best appearance on any former eccision. Tile exh billion of pigs surpasses any ever pro duoed in the kinAom. Below are the principal pi izes awarded : SHORT-HORNED CATTLE. Class 1. —tull# calved on or before the Ist of July, 1855, and not txleeding four years bid.—First prizl of 301 to William Stirling, M.P., of IK,ir Dumbl me, Prrth. Clas- 2.—Bu h calved since the Ist of July, 1855, and more than one year old.—First prize .f 251. to F H. Fawkes, or Farnley-hall, Otley, Yorkshire. Ca.* 3.—8u1l calve. ab .ve 6 and under 12 months °N.—First pr'zl of 10/. to Stewart Marjorioanke, of Busby-grove, Watford. Class 4.—Cows in milk or in calf.—First prize of 201. to Lieutenant-Colonel Towneley, of Towueley- Park, Burnley. HEREFORDS. Class I.—Balls calved im or before the tat of July, 1855, and Lot txleeding four years old.—First priz-3 of 30/. to Edward Wilbatcs, of Loweds-court, near Hay, Brecon. Cla-s 2. —Bulls calved since the Ist of Jtily, 1855, and more than one sear old.—Fiat prize of 251. to Eiward Price, of Court-house, Pembridge, near Lee minster. Class 3.—8u1l calves, above 6 and under 12 months old.—First pr za of 101 to Lord BAteman, of Sobdon court, near Leounneter. Class 4.—Cows, in milk or in calf.—First prizs of 201. to Lord Barwick, of Cronkhitl, near Shrewsbury, DEVON CATTLE Class I.—Bulls calved on or before the Ist of July, 1855, and not exceeding four years of prze of 801. to James Davy, of Futton Barton, near South Molton. Class 2.—Bulls calved since the Ist of July, 1855 and more than one year old.—Flrst prize of 251. to James Wentworth Buller, M.P., of Dawns, near Cre. diton. HOBBES. Clas I.—Stallions for agricultural purposes foaled on or before the Ist of January, 1855.—First priri 301., to T. B. T. Halyard, of Flinthatn-hail, near Newa , k. Class 2.—S allions for agricultural purposes, foaled in 1855.—First Mize of 201. to Samuel Ciayden, of Litt!te Linton, Cambridgeshire. Class 3.—Mares and F.,atii for agricultural purposes. —First prize of 20/. to Samuel Welton, jun., of Kezi grave, near Woodbridge. SLIBILI 3 .—LEiczeTERS. Class I.—Shearling Ram , .--First prize of 251. to W. Sanday, of H- line Ptefrepont, Nottio,!batn. Class 2.—Rams of any other age.—First priz-e of 251,, W, Sanday, ditto. Class 3.—Pens of five Shearling Ewes of the same flock.—First prize of 201., to W, Sanday, ditto. SOUTHDOWN. Casa I.—Shearliog Rams.—First prize of 251, to Jonas W,A3b, of Babrabaue, near Cambridge. Class 2.—Rams of any 'ther Age.—First prize of 25/. to Jonas Webb. Cass 3.—Pens of five Shearling Eves of the same flock.—First priZe of 20/. to Henry Overman, of Wea• henatn, near Rouizhatu. SHORT-WOOLLED SHEEP. Class I.—Shearling Ratus.—F:rst prize of 25/. to George Adney, of Harley, near Much-Wenlock, Sal p. Claw; 2.—Rams of any other Age.—First prize of 251. to Samuel Meire, of Cantle-hill, Much-WenLJek, Salop. Class 3.—Pens of five Shearling EWes of the same flock.—First prize of 20/. to William Brown Canning, of CJisledon, near Swindon. LONG- WOOLLED SHEEP. Class I . — Shearling Rams.—First prize of 25/. to William Lane of Broadfield Farm, Northleane, Glou. tester. Class 2.—Rams of any other age.—First prize of 251. to Edward Handy, of Sierford, near Cheltenham, Glocester. Class 3.—pens of five Shearling Ewes of the same flock.—First prize of 201. to William Garne. PIGS. Class 1.-13-)ars of a large breed.—First prize of 101, to John Harrison, jun., of Heaton Norris, near Stock. port. Class 2.—Boars of a small breed.—Fire' prize of 101. to George Mangles, of Givendale, near Ripon, York shire. Class 3. Breeding Sows of a large breed.—First prize of 101. to William Hewer, of Sevenhampton, near High wortb. Class 4.—Breeding Sows of a small breed.—First prize of 101. to H. Watson, of Belton•park, near Wig. ton, Cumberland. THE FOREIGN CONSPIRACY. A London correspondent of the Austrian Gazette writes :---" Several German journals state that the Cabinet of Vienna is endeavouring to obtain front the European powers their adhesion to a common note in which the Cabinet of St. James would be invited to adopt suppressive mea sures towards the foreign conspirators in London. Without affirming this statement I may assur e you that Lord Cowley is instructed to dtc'are to the coat t of the Tuileries, in the name of his Govern mOnt, that England considers it a point of honour no longer to tolerate the odious proceedings of those. political refugees who have adopted for their flag murder and pillage. As soon as the proofs of the guilty participation of the revolution ary committee in the recent plot against the Em peror Napoleon's life shall have been proved, the English ministry will bring in a bill authorising it to expel all political refugees who have abusr , d the hospitality which they have received. This resolu tion of the government is the more honourable from the fact of its being spontaneous." A letter from Vienna in the Bourse Gazette of Berlin says :—" It is certain, as we learn from a very good source, that the last events in Italy, and especially those of Genoa, have caused the Turin cabinet to consider that the re-establishment of di plomatic relations with the Austrian government is more desirable than ever. The Court of the Tuileries also desires it. Count de Cavour has had several conferences with the Duke de Grammont, the French Minister, on the bases of a reconcilia tion, and bas sent an account of them to the Baron de Bourqueney, the French Ambassador in this city. The Baron has had communicitions with Count de Buol on the subject, and the latter, on his part, manifests the best dispositions. Only some formalities at present prevent the Austrian Cabinet from immediately complying with the wishes of the Cabinet of Turin, and it is hoped that an understanding will soon be come to respect ing them." GENERAL CAVAIGNAC. An absurd report has circulated fur the last few days to the effect that General Cavaignac had been arrested, and that he is now confined in some mys terious dungeon. It is hardly necessary to say that there is not a word of truth in this rumour. General Cavaignac has not been in Paris for many weeks ; he w.is not here even during the elections. He is re -iding on a small pniperty near Chateau du Loir, in the department of the Sarthe, with his fam ly, and concerns himself very little w;th public affairs. He is, in fact, living in the utmost tran quillity. Wit bout being very opulent he is in pos session of an ample income, which has been in creased by the death of his uncle, and in wher re spects he is to all appearance amongst the moat contented of men. He took no part in the late elections beyond pla.cinghis name at the disposal of his political friends.. For the preerit his chief oc cupation seems to be in superin - eudiug the budd ing of a small pavilion -on his grounds. The h( usis tlu „„„ 1 ,,„ aria Genera r Ctvaignal wish-s to have a spare room or two for the accommodation of a few friends who way happen to vi , it him. This is the only durance ti which he is reduced. FRA.NCE. PARIS, THURSDAY EVENING. Ferouk Khan, the Persian envoy, leaves Paris for Brussels this day, accompanied by Mirza-Mal colin, the secretary ut his embassy, and all the staff of the lega.tion. The ambassador will remain for some tim in the Belgian capital, and will be pre sent at the fetes of the marriage of the Princess Charlwte with the Archduke niximilian. He is also to sign a new treaty of commerce with Bel gium. By an Imperial decree the session of the coun c will open en the 24th August ntxt and c!. 7th SepLatiber in a ll t h e d epartments tf'hi i Empire, excedt that of t h e S e i ne. The report circulated of an attempt having been made on the life of the Emperor at Plombiere3 is denied. Th , es agenfs attached to the Secret Police of Paris left yesterday lor Genoa, whence they p , oce- d to Leghorn and Naples. Their rn,, s : on i s sa id t o b. i c. , nnec'ed with the late nsnrrect on in Italy. The Ministerial journal, Le Pays, gives the If Towing explana! ion of the alleged conflict between the Fr , -nch sokli , rs at Rome. and the Pontific d troops : "Oa learning the events of Genoa and Naples, some obscure demagogues, seeing that they were unable to do anything at Rome, attempted to excite the Pontifical troops against our soldiers, who have been always re markable tor their blameless conduct and their excellent discipline. Colonel Yanni, who com mands the Pontificia' army since the death of General Farina, took the most energetic measures to ob tain order and, with the exception of three or four isolated cases without implrtance, but repressed with determination, and in which it was proved that the ngeression did not emanate from our men, no further disorder occurred. All was promptly terminated, and the Roman people on this as on foimer occasions testifies to the merits and the good spirit of our troops." BOURSE, July 23.—The following were the las , quotations : Cash. fr. c. End of Month. 4} per Cents 3 per Cents 66 90 67 5 Bank Shares 2,900 Credit Foneier Credit Mobilier '952 50 Roman Do. Account 952 50 Austrian Belgian 44 - Fiedmontese (5) BBi— Home Debt BAILWAYS—YOR CASH. fT. tr c. Orleans 1,44 21 C. Western Northern 1 — Lyons 9221— New Ditto - Mediterranean 9221— Grand Central - Geneva - 5234 Midi 095 Austrian Cum. ...... 6674-- AUSTRIA. A Vienna letter in the Augsburg Gazette says "Various facts prove that the clergy are decided on carrying the execution of the concordat to its extreme limits. We will mention one fact which we have learnt by chance. In the village of Hi.rating, on the road from Linz to Wels, a Pro te-taut had married a Roman Catholic. No en gagement was exacti-d that the children should be brought up as Catholics. and the marriage took place without any iwpediment, and it was only some time after that the cure of the village demanth.d a promise to the above effect from the husband. That waA refused, and after several conferenes on the subject, the cure summoned the wile to appear on a ceitain Sunday at the church to heir a sentence of excommun.cation pronounced against her. The womtu would not attend, when the cure applied fir the assiAan ;e of the authorities, and she was taken to the church by force and there excommunicated." SPAIN. The Madrid journals of the 20th do not contain any political news of importanc Amongst the persons condemned to death at Seville, for the participation in the recent insur rection, but who4e sentences have been com muted, were a Frenchman named Lamotte and some uersoniges of distinc'ion. It is stated that at littera six insurgents were shot at thf, same time as the chief Lattave ; another man was to have been shot with them, but an order to have his execution suspended arrived just as he was about to leave t the prison. The Government had received information that the Prince of Orange scientific and nautical expedition, and it had given was about to visit the principal Spanish ports, on a SIR C. NAPIER AND THE INDIAN A RMY, (From the Times.) It has long been sA down among the singu larities of our race that an Englishman is more than half satisfied when he knows the cause; of a disaster. No doul.t he is a very reasonable being, .and often finds in a sufficient theory a com pensation for actual failure. If it be so, our readers will find an immense store of comfort in the slripe of Sir Cha , les Napier's published opinions on the condition of the Indian Army, and -some extracts from the more recent offis'ial des patches of the Governor-General. Any one who reads the former, unless he resides under the shade of some Director or retired Commander-in-Chief, will only wonder how we have held the empire so long by such a rope of sand as our military sptelll turns out to be. That, no doubt, bas been the v. 19 reflection that has a thmpaind times instilled a false security, and stifled Vie thought of reform. It has gone on in this way for generations ; it answers; no other way would answer, for what we can tell. True, there are misgivings, not to say ac tual dangers. So there were thirty y. ars ago ; ay, sixty years. Indeed, there never was a time when there were not people to t-11 us our empire hung on a thr ad. Bishop Heber says that had Lord Comhermere been forced to raise the siege of Bhurfpore, as Like had done 20 years before, everyman from the Sut lej to the Nerbudda who had a sword, or who could either buy or steal a horse, would have risen ag %lust us. It so happens that, chiefly owing to the intens o jealousy of the Indian Government, and the incu has which sits on the pen and the tongue of every Indian fiinetionierv, we I , ave not had m,ny means of knowi , g how the system worked. We have had no men of quick observation, sound judgment, free from prefessionel bias, and able to defy all authorities who passed through India, took notes of all they saw, and gave us the re- ults of the tour. When a man did tins, or when opinions did actu aily transpire, these were set down to disappoint ment, eccentricity, or malice ; and few indeed are the men who are not o; en to such iinpu•ations. In fact the prophet always was an eccentric, passion we, and rather ill-'empered being. For years it has been known that Sir C. Napier felt the most grievous dins itisfaetion wi.h the state of things 1 1 India ; and that he had incurred the wrath of it!, rulers by the fr ee d om o f hi s tongue. But, w h a t did this matter ? His authcri y was as dust in the scale compared with the Last reality of an empire which had survived so many hostile predictions, and which it was often said required rather a certain assimila ion to the Oriental character than FO striking 3 contrast as the energetic Englishman is apt to be' come. India is a eul ject, indeed, on which mere Englishmee—and every oneof us who has not seen [gotta is a mere Engli-hman in the eyes o' the wore I qtunate—have hardly courage to speak. The whole t,ing is a mystery in our eyes. None o f us can divine toy weat spell or what law of nature the scheolfellows whom we beat at every possible trial become in afew years colleeters orjudgea with prince ly incomes, or military cflicers with e xtra o rdivarY . employments of great responsibil ty. It w as not for us to criticise a state of things in which th e least drop of En , lish blood went for so much, where it seemed a positive waste to be clever and strotnn and where the only danger was le.t, like Gullive r among the Lilliputians, we should occasi ,nally d° damage by forg-tti ng the smallness and the ff ness of the race we had to deal with. Hence it„'' that even the Briti s h p u bli c , ever a li ve as it is 0 all misgovernment at home, and quick to he tr cony plaiats, wes not roused by the known indignatiel l and mi , .givinge of Sir Charles Napier. In ficti what could we do ? We have only just reenWe i and largely modified the Charter, wi'h hope) 0 : improve went. As for the army, that we could no ," reach. Theze stun ting armies indeed stall' The highest military re , son is that a 111ng is s ° ' Why, for example, di I we make Dethi a strong for" tress surround it with new bastions, excavate!: deep ditch oat of th e gran it e roc k , l eave w i t hin 1" a hundred thousand "muskets, two parks of th e heaviest artillery iu India, and powder enough ° blaze away at any enemy for a ye sr, and then pl ate the the whole in the sole charge of three native rag!" merits ? Why did we not see the absurdity of this course ? The answer is, th a t it a l ways was s o I? Indian memory, It has been so the whole o f tb o century, and no harm haS'come of it. What is described in these passages from th e "Lite of Sir Charles Napier" is the gradual es". tinct ion of the British 'element in the native Indian army, and the simultane sus elevation of the Elia' don. Had there been a compact by. virtue of whi ch we were gra Wally to surren ter our dominion, to relinquish step try step the ground won for us bf: succeiAon of couple vots above our own st an dard, to let the Hindoo acqui e the strength, the rank: the self c .nfid,nce,.tite absolute end , pendency., and the contempt of ourselves necessary to (pally hits for doing without us, we could net have done other" wise than we have. Hi re w e see h e p i c t ure o f an i r a; mouse army, of the finest men the country mil" produce ; full i,f caste and prejudice ; well pa id with wive:, children, and camp followers ; 0131 ; ple I ely officered by thier own race ; thee officer, mete of years, exp rieuce, arid dignified character and everythin g , i n a ' wor d, th a t cou ld make a ro„ native army. W e see a L ing i n d u l gence t o natl . "; pride and scruple s t o an ex t en t un k nown in °ll own army at hom e . O n th e o th er h an d , w e see the Bri ish officers of these noble regiments gene' rally reduced to a few youths, learning.their pro f. ssion from tire very men they are sent to e.)le mand and overawe ; spending their time in arnll 4 : inents, or, welts., in idlene;s ; or, if they do lest': and prect'se their profession, forthwith t ran sferrt' to sotto c i v il emp l oyment. T he collection of O . revenue, which is arid to have drained the Judicl a Departments o f it s b es t h ea d s, ro b bed the army 3 14 n of. its W , lest hands. Thus . in many re-11 reginle ll,-, England has bec o m e on l y a name, as 14, - ", a name as th e puppe t we le ft on "i throne of th e M ogu l an d h i s feudatories. N87113r, rem tined i n t ac t, w h at i mproved, and grew strong er day by d a y, was t h e native organisation. The ra were, indeed, pageants of Mahoruedan Royaltirt and there were also other men in buckram t 1 94 at oil for the Brit sh conqueror. History record° itself in a few foreign uniforms and idle c ere monie s ' There was nothi ng rea l b um , t h e nat i ve, and th)) reality was witnesvd with respectful al arm by suc h men as Sir C. Napier, wi h blind indifference bi ci such men as Sir Wm. Goiam, and we must ad with pain, Lord Dalhousie. S.) Sir . Charles 1 0 ; tested and prophesied. He knew the breath wou ld he hardly out of his body Mole the whole ott .-4 fabric wou ld crum b le to pieces, but he would nut be the Cassandra of India, the latighinestock of dire° • tore and departments. He would, indeed, have piT tested in vai n . H e d i d pro t es t i n va i n . Hi s own IlLe and character were a continual protest against 1 118 indolence and luxury of the Engllshwan who play the soldier to the increasing contempt of the Hinde, e ' Sir C•iarles was laughed a t, snu bb ed, caricatureT and finally ,beaten from the field, warning ~,1 1.1, e , friends to the la-t of the impending catastrohe. II has,. however, do ne his work. We h a v e his ," And we shall profit by it. We have now to re-eoi r quer. India, ant we shall do it. - We have to ri r a construct our system, to reorganize our army, 313 to create a new id ea l of the British soldier iu , dia. That we shall do, 'for we are not a nation to give up our ground once won, or to acquiesce 11 / deterioration. We have lost ground, slipped, all.fallen .. ; but we h ave no d ou b t I nd i a w i ll soon u" ours in a sense in which itehaS never been before. DEFEAT of MR. BESSEMER'S AMERICAN P a TEN T. In AtnPrica, a pAtent granted for an invention I ° liable to be set aside if it can be :shown that th e p.teliteee has been anticipated by a previous ven'or. This regulation has lead to the defeat ° Mr. Bessemer's American patent for the inventi°,l n which pr o d uce d 80 much excitement a twelvemon th siiice. In our riumt er for Nov. 8. we mentione' that Mr. W. Kelly, of the Suranne Iron-work' Kentucky, claimed to be the inventor of what l a called the Bessemer process, and to have exhibiti e , it three or fou r y ears . ago to several English iron' manutacturers... Mr. Kelly has subs e qu en tly () : e twined a patent for the ,pro cess . Th e iscientti l, , American, inturms us that . when Mr. Kay's a_„ . .PP, cO cation for a patent came up before th e P a t en tW . for examination a pa . eut was refused, of courie t ' an interference was then de c l are d, at his zecelet and the following document, issued by Comte% . sinner S. T. Shu g art, w i ll sh ow th e action whic flowed from it :—" In the matt er o f i n t er f e reac e, between the patent of Henry Bessemer, of London' and the application of Willi am K el l y, of 107(n) county, Ky., fur improvements in the 0 0 2 1 :1 1 facture of iron and steel, the hearing of was fixed for the first Monday in April : It a'„' pears that, by th e concurrent testimony of nun'a roust witnesses, Kelly made this 'invention, an showed it by d raw i ngs and experiments as ear ly o 1847, and tiis testimony appears to be reliabl e je a every resp ec t. T he patent of Bessemer was seal at London, on the 11th of April, 1856, and 0 0 date 11th of October, 1855. Priority of invent i in this case is awarded to said Kelly, and 't less ordered th a t a pa t ent b e i ssue d accordingly, nutbis an appeal be taken within sixty days frorn date." " Thus the interference," says ourvese.. temporary, "has been decided, and EfenrY men's American patent is of no more value zu zino . than so much waste paper."—Mechanics' 1114' - The Elberfield Gazette states that a postal convel'tice°ll, has just been concluded between Austria and Fr i ' t n r i e s and that the rate of postage between the two co u will receive a eneible diminution. With a fully dearer 2,000 culati( an a l e l The Week Q°4 loac A f►ir Danner ariva n , illactiv 17, mite j ' 11 ( k; eh, ,BRißsip p," l, syiv 9. aw a tat o 4 ott tre a l • °l t 011 Illinois tot 0 . Ini n ° 0 ! 1 : Bonds New Y 0 'Flow y „„.Conve 41 ew Yo Il itITI: s. Per ; b. Per •Di tllv 3 . 1 .014, A 4 ilaia Si ali t , 1 , ' .ittc 01. Rol, 'EV* rp )1 4tel , 00,