The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1849-05-01 00:00:00

LIVERPOOL WATER SUPPLY. its own ; town ; t] circurast . Is delivered in force the %Tate would be caused recommend t town I gines m. favor pair, Gree They also r very inconv and so con] Liverpo, plan, and every f effective manner. a level ` Great mains will may be " Th, nairis r brought to )e very gr to the wh 2.-A v at the pre —The f ny reasonab tending of fuel. upply c however, for v 4,000,000 gallc station -maker, 1\ report i to state ti tended Simpsc have to the' machine as a statioi dock suppl vered into Windsor v least 1,000,C the daily quantity of supplies the council Lshire-r with a uniform water level standing at a considerable height above the bottom ; that no tendency to exhaustion in the deep strata has hitherto been perceptible, as proved by the fact that whenever the Green-lane engine has been stopped for a short time, the water has risen to the height at which it was found on sinking the well; that deep sink ing and excavation, in judicious situations , have always been attended with success ; that the parts of the district yet unappropriated promise a copious supply ; and, finally, that the draught from the sandstone increases its absorb ing power. From all these considerations they arrive at the conclusion that "a supply of water sufficient .for the present and prospective wants of the town may be obtained from the new red sandstone," It has been objected, they say, that such supply would be expensive, owing to the fractured condition of the strata, the great divisions formed by which have been not inaptly termed " boxes" ' • and that when the se f rac t ures are filled up with clay and impermeable matter, aseparate well will be required for each division. Presuming this to be the case, however, they conceive that all difficulty will be got rid of by making such boxes or divisions, communicate laterally and empty their contents into a common subterraneous channel, instead of pumping the water from each -separately from above. Wells can be sunk at a great central station, and driftway, or small tunnels carrieJ from them underground, intersecting nese -- poxes," or divisions if they exist, and laying under contribution any extent of red sandstone. Should such divisions be found, as is stated in layers, at different depths, they will be effectually tapped by the shafts which will be required to be sunk at intervals, for the ventila tion of the tunnels and removing materials. They re mark, however, that experience at Green-lane and other sinkings in the sandstone does not warrant the supposi tion that the fissures are always filled with impervious materials, the fact being that the substance which they contain is often porous, and thus form the main channels in which the underground waters are conveyed, and which will be intercepted and carried to the central station by the driftways and borings. The following are the details of SIMPSON AND NEWLAND'S PROPOS M , PLAY cumstano ti the site we consider most advisable, under all cir -, for a central pumping station, would be at present Green-lane works. The well here is 185 feet eep ; the rock at the bottom of it is much fractured, dis located, and loose ; and the greatest flow of water is from this portion. We would propose to sink deeper into this loose rock, and from this point to drive a heading or small tunnel, in the first instance in a northerly direction, elling, in which direction the strata are surcharged with water, and are to be most favourably situated with regard to the erranean collection of it. In the estimate which we ve made of the expense of the work, we have assumed tunnel to be three miles long; but we arprehend that le demand would not render this extent of excavation ecessaryfor a considerable time to come. " In this manner any desired supply of water, limited only by the quantity to be found in the sand-stone of the y • %I district pierced, may be collected at Green-lane, as a cen tral station, and from thence raised for distribution. " Supposing, therefore, it were decided to have recourse to the sand-stone as the source of water supply, we will proceed to state what are the measures we would suggest, for the establishment of such a supply on the most com prehensive and economical plan. " Our idea is, that the . new works should eventually be made the principal source of supply to the town, and that, as they become gradually advanced to such an extent as to afford the required quantity of water, the whole of the present stations, with the exception of Green-lane and Windsor, should ultimately be aban doned. Bevington-bush, Soho, Water-street, and Ho tham-etreet stations, require such an outlay to make them as might be much better expended on the more .1 with respect to Bootle, thougl , and the -.qv abundant. ks ; am' ;owl , - ty paid for the water makes it the expedient to give this up al , the 3 expensive, that it so, when it could be 3Tpensated else " There would be no difficulty, in our opinion, in dis. losing of the land and materials, at any of the stations, o advantage, when it was desired to abandon them. " The Windsor engine should be thoroughly put in Tder, and made to deliver into the Kensington reservoirs. 'his, and the present Green-lane engine, would deliver bout 2,000,000 gallons daily ; and, as the present maxi sum requirement of the town frem the water works may e taken at about 8,000,000 gallons, the remaining ,000,000 would have to be supplied by the proposed new -orks, which might hereafter be extended gradually, ac- Drding to the increase of the demand. be considers " lst.—lt would be central; the principal part of the pumping would be done at one station, by which a I working would be attained. - 2ndly.—The plan would ensure a great saving of )ense. We have already shown how expensive the sent stations are, and it needs but little considera a to shew that the new works would be in a high e favourable, as regards -ow works Jo n o y. .—The ne.. would, from their nature, be capable of gradual extension in the most convenient manner. The length of tunnel driven may gradually be increased, and the pumping power augmented, as the present stations are one by one abandoned, and as the demands for water subsequently become greater. By contrivances, too, of a very simple and well-known kind, the gradual extension of the subterranean works may be effected without interrupting the supply of water from those portions already in action." As the quality of the water thus to he obtainc. uch canvassed, the engineers forwarded two specnne, ne, one taken at Kensington and ano -qd well, to Professor Brande for I has been analysis ; and that gentleman's report states both waters as "extremely soft, very pure, and quite fit for domestic purposes, the Green Lane water having 9 degrees of hard ness by Dr. Clarke's test, and the Birkenhead water only 41." They add : " It is worthy of remark, that an analysis was lately made by Professor Brande, of water supplied by several of the London Companies, and also of samples taken direct from the Thames, at different points, one of these being seventy miles up the river, near Henley ; the qua lity of these samples varied from 14 to 17 degrees of Dr. Clarke's test, and contained 19.5 to 23 grains of solid matter per gallon. Hence the water from the sand-stone at Birkenhead and Green-lane is proved to be many de grees softer than any used in London. REPORT OF THE ENGINEERS, MESSRS SIMPSON AND NEWLANDS. ing points of the Liverpool, hand, Simpson and Ne correct, the only tlemen meditat from the river whereas they o: y treat suet upon us. ly be f and the substan before our reade in favour of the represent The fir tern of di seven stati lotbam-st street (Toxteth- and Green I ,city O two are week what we understood to be the lead- . 7 y of Water to Messrs. r outline was ;umption that these g; scheme, taking a sup le other extraneous sour step as one which IT ie Report, now publish, - than now proceed to it will be seen, even more strop, lacy of our local supply than a ers have dirt ;, and general r within the town portion of the town, 'om the P of this supply, under pres quired when servin g the I els ; the inconvenience wh , wn in the event of one of t ind the unseasonable hours 3 town are compelled to be su 'bout t al of head reservoirs at high lev in be distributed thr ation ; and the )y night, rhinh is t feral econorr. want hout the tc many plac be incae !otnmendation the whole qt t would be fallaciou )vement on the exist tion, v a that the s sins be discontinued, and th, be deli verc urce it may levation, 'to be distr ravity, through a well main pipes. The level: i are well adapted fort )r establishing it in the ma sider most appropr Ar would supply t to the press above the ( ituallybe_made a most i to make use of two subs Ind equali hese may be formed by it .Alher t on- .5, the Old Doell northern pa 71 (Fair l vie the Old DOck irs at Kensington other F. )e founc ty to provide not o leading lines of m commensurate with t may be used as fa idapted to the new system tat many cases, whe pcs already in the 3 arranged that, in case of fire by the highest reservoir can h fired locality, in the mo. t is almost superfluous tc r available in such case! 3 of our bution we re g a regular daily sur of power, even if the engine abundant, srt of the town, in case of cation of tho services, and con the duty of the turncocks. able pressure and flow of water ng the liability to fracture and nconvenience, ex pen increasing the distribution to required, as the demand in esent or future districts. of large stores of water always ion in the town. And, gular working of the engines, it durability, and to the saving present raised from the existing ad Newlands find to be, by the 4,220,969 gallons. Deducting, age, &c., they assume it to be dition, they calculate that from allons are obtained from private the town of from . six to diem. This, although a ly been sufficient ; and have to the mode in whicl step was to exami Linery, &c., at the present they called in an experienced locking, of Hayle, Cornwall, ppendix. It will be sufficient 3 engines are capable of im- Hotha If ii in a tth dal and N working of the engine is at lis state of things Messrs. cider inseparable from the working at their utmost 3rt to in Ca of re- Mains and Pipes Reservoirs Sundry minor wor Land and Comper proceeds to e t an increased supply might suggested of having head indispensable feature. A Id of water mi D power, however, v ient, ace an increased rc . m the water. The Bevingtm wretched condition of the en with the next station (Beving er the ground, the best part o ations being used to form onl .ngton Station, the water from to the reservoir at Atherton rn-street should be abandoned sr conveyed into tanks for the of Water-street should be deli aad reservoir on Park-hill. The epened, the pump lowered, and for the condensing water. The livered into the K Green-lane, they say y somewhat beyond the engit her increased. We recommend lsington r —" The liency of iocre ion, to the extent c long time will inevitably , On a la vn, and the inordinate wort ibjected to, renders it advif. - - ed for repairs without reducing T ; with a view also to meet the be called on to furnish in the or three years, we think it most y should be augmented without e works, including a new engine ,reet, is set down at £110.550. le, however, le sufficient ne reporting engineers do not to meet the advancing require itate also that—" The present in of Green-lane and Windsor, rtion to the qu an tit y o f water afforded by them, that i t would be injudicious to perpe tuate such a costly means of supply. As one proof of this point, we may adduce the fact, that the present con sumption of fuel, per week, at six stations, is about 110 tons ; whereas it is demonstrable that, by proper arrange ments and improved machinery, the same quantity of water might be pumped, and distributed much more effectively, with a consumption of from 40 to 50 tons, being a saving of above one-half of the fuel used. And, because water can be obtained of a better quality than that supplied from the smaller stations." The next chapter of the report is devoted to an inquiry into the capabilities of the red sandstone of yielding a sufficient supply, in which the engineers oppose practical experience to the speculations of theorists. They show that the whole of the present supply is raised within a polygon of about six square miles area ,• that the Green lane Well alone has delivered 1,400,000 gallons per day rents of tli The water from many of the stations whence the sup ply of the town is at present derived, is known to be much harder than that from Green-lane, but as we do not re commend the permanent retention of these supplies, we have not entered into the subject. We have every reason to believe that the water obtained from the proposed works would be at least as soft as, if not softer than, that from Green-lane ; and we are moreover of opinion that continuous working of the proposed station would have a tendency to render the water softer still." With respect to the possibility of water from the red sandstone being affected by the sea, they are under no apprehension, as the wells proposed would be at a dis tance, and would be judiciously constructed and worked. Nor do they consider that private wells would be perma nently injured. The probable result, they conceive, would be that, although a temporary injury might ensue, as soon as the sinkings and driftways were completed and filled, a reaction would take place, and that ultimately an additional quantity of water would be drawn into the dis trict. The following is their " ESTIMATE OF THE COST OF ADDITIONAL WELLS TO BE SUNK IN THE LOCALITY, AND OF NEW RESERVOIRS, MAINS, PIPES, AND OTHER WORKS FOR RAISING AND DISTRIBUTING AN INCREASED QUANTITY OF TEN d two are completely worn A ILLION GALLONS PER DAY. 'orkine Shafts, Pump Wells, and - ) Driftway, or Tunnel neines, Boilers, Pumps, Engine houses, &c. .-X299,156 0 0 ANNUAL EXPENDITURI Interest of Capital, —say £300,000 General e 2 Woe Trying on the, £15,000 0 0 20,000 0 0 £35,000 0 0 The report proceeds next to an examination of the Rivington project, the following being the chief points to which attention has been directed, viz.:— " 1. The quantity of water whiCh can be collected " 2. The amount of storage room, and its influence on the supply. " 3: The quality of the water. " 4. The conveyance of the water to Liverpool: and, " 5. The cost of the works." From the rain gauges set up by the Corporation, the rainfall in the Rivington district appears to have been in 1847 50.18 inches, and the average available quantity 25 millions of gallons per day. In 1848 the fall was 53.24 inches, and the average available quantity 26i millions of gallons. It is proved, however ' by examining the obser vations made in other parts of the neighbourhood, —Li verpool, Manchester, Bolton, and the Belmont reservoir, —that the fall in the years 1847 and 1848 was much above an average. One example will chew this. In Bolton the fall was in 1842, 38.63 inches ; in 1843, 49.40 inches ; in 1844, 34.63 inches; in 1845, 48.11 inches; in 1846, 40.82 inches ; in 1847, 52.32 inches ; and in 1848, 54.05 inches. There was thus an excess in 1847 of 15 per cent. above the average of the preceding years; and of 19 per cent. in 1848. Taking the fall at the Belmont reservoir as the most favourable guide to determine the probable fall at Rivington during the years prior to its being gauged, the average of the six years appears to have been only 461 inches ; and in 1844 and 1846, the driest of the years, it would have been only 40 inches. It is remarked that the same proportion of rainfall cannot be realised in dry as in wet years ; and that although in 1847 and 1848 four-fifths of the rain may have run off the land, a much less pro portion ought to be calculated upon in dry years, when so much more is absorbed by the soil and by evaporation. Two-thirds of the fall, the engineers are of opinion, is all that they are warranted in expecting in dry years ; and they say:— . . "We have the available quantity in 1844 and 1846 reduced to 261 inches, which, over 9,B47acres, is equal to 16,200,000 gallons per diem, or (deducting 8,000,000 for compensa tion) 8,200,000 gallons per diem to the town. The average yield over the six years would be about 21,600,000, i.e., 13,600,000 to the town ; but, when we come to consider the question of storage room, we shall show that the reser voirs would not be of sufficient equalising capacity to en sure the maintaining of this average supply." The next point which has received consideration is the sufficiency of the storage room proposed to be pro vided ; and in testing this the engineers have abstained from taking a particularly dry series of years. They remark, that from the fact that the rain in the Rivington district ' generally falls suddenly and heavily, as much as 500,000,000 gallons having some times flowed down the streams in a day, whilst at other times the quantity has diminished to 200,000,000 gallons, it is necessary that the storage should be sufficient to enable the wet seasons to provide for the dry. By a careful admeasurement of the reservoirs proposed at Roddlesworth, Rake Brook, Anglezark, and Rivington, and omitting a deduction to be made in the first two, Messrs. Simpson and Newlands have ascertained the capacity of the whole to be 2,850 millions of gallons. In the first place, out of this quantity, eight millions per day have to be given as compensation, previous to Liver pool having a single gallon. It is to be borne in mind, too, that the demand for water is much greater in sum mer than in winter ; and provision must be made for this circumstance. According to Mr. Simpson's experience there is 20 per cent. more demand in summer than in winter; and, adopting this proportion. the minimum supply will be in January, and the maximum in July. With the proposed storage, taking the yield of the streams at Rivington according to the guage book, and presuming the reservoirs to have been two-thirds full at the com mencement, the supply would have been in 1847 and 1848 about 16,000,000 daily. Taking any one year, and one year only, they state that " the capacity of the reservoirs would generally be sufficient to distribute the excess of the wet months over those which are dry." " But," they continue, " it is necessary that we go further than this, and inquire whether the capacity is sufficient to equalise the supply over a number of successive years, i. e., to make the excess in wet years available to supply the deficiency in dry ones. We have already proved the importance of this, when we have shown that in two years out of six the total yield of the brooks would diminish to about 16,000,000 gallons per diem. For the purpose of testing this, we have made the calculations detailed in Appendix E, which show the working of the scheme during the six years,-1843 to 1848. The rain-fall during the first four of these has been proportioned from the two latter, in the ratio shown by the Belmont rain-gauge ; the available yield in the driest years is assumed to be two-thirds of the total rain-fall ; and the average daily quantity to be drawn from the reservoirs is taken at the average yield over the six years, i. e. 21,660,000 gallons per diem Calculating on these conditions, therefore, we find that, In 1845 the town would have been left without water 51 days. In 1846 In 1847 " We find also, in addition to this deficiency, that for one day in 1845, and fifteen days in 1847, no compensation water could have been delivered to any parties whatever. " It must be observed that an occasional limitation of the quantity is a much more difficult matter to deal with when the system of constant supply is adopted, than on the intermittent plan ; because, under the former, the tenants may help themselves to water as long as there is any in the head reservoirs, and the absence of it is at once made public; while, on the intermittent system, a temporary deficiency may often, under judicious manage ment, be rendered less apparent and incon v e n i en t t o the "On a careful consideration of the subject of the storage, as combined with that of the probable yield, we are of opinion that the Rivington scheme will ensure, for a succession of years, an average supply to the town of eleven or eleven and a half millions of gallons daily, but not more." With respect to the quality of the water the opinion of the reporting engineers is, on the whole favourable, although they consider it probable at times it may be stained from the peat mosses, or turbid from floods and other causes. It is also generally favorable upon the engineering features of the plan, the capacity of the pipes, &c. But they hint at the possibility of accidents, from imperfections in the castings and other causes. The following are the concluding remarks in the report: " We now offer a summary of the conclusions to which we have been led in the course of our investigation. They are as follow : ' As regards the DISTRIBUTION OF THE WATER WITHIN THE TOWN " I.—That it is highly desirable, whatever be the source of supply, to abolish the present system of pumping direct into the mains, and to substitute the better plan of distribution from head reservoirs. " As regards the PRESENT WATER-WORKS STATIONS. " 2.--fhat the engines and machinery at some of the stations are in very bad order; that, under any circum stances, arrangements ought to be made immediately for their repair ; and that at least one duplicate engine should be erected without delay. " 3.—That the quantity of water distributed from these stations may be estimated at 4,000,000 gallons per day; but that a further supply of from 2,000,000 to 3,000,000 gallons appears to be derived from private wells. "4.—That a further supply is immediately necessary, to satisfy all the wants of the town. " s.—That additional supplies might be obtained, to some extent, by improving and extending the present stations, but that we do not consider such improvements and extensions advisable, excepting at Green-lane. " As regards ADDITIONAL WELLS TO BE SUNK IN THE LOCALITY. " 6.—That we are of opinion a supply of water suffi cient for the present and prospective wants of the town may be obtained from the new red sand-stone. " 7.—That such supply would be most advantageously obtained by certain measures already explained in the body of our report; and that, if these measures are carried into execution, some of the present stations may be abandoned with advantage. " B.—That the quality of the water thus obtained would be unobjectionable. _ " 9.—That we do not apprehend the suggested new works would have any permanent injurious influence on private wells. " As regards the Rivington Project. " 10.—That the total yield of the streams proposed to be impounded may be estimated on the average, in round numbers, On the average of a number of years at .. In wet years at In dry 21,500,000 galls. per diem 26,500,000 9 9 If 16,500,000 ~ _ ,_, " 11.—That the quantity of water to be afforded for preferential and compulsory compensation may be esti mated at 8,000,000 gallons per diem. " 12.—That the storage room of the proposed reservoirs, though sufficient to equalise the supply for a single year, is not sufficient to maintain the average over a number of years. " 13.—That, considering the questions of yield and storage together, the project will ensure, for a succession of years, an average supply to the town of 11 or 11% mil lions of gallons daily, but not more. " 14.—That the quality of the water is satisfactory, or may easily be made so. " 15.—That we find no engineering difficulties of hn porinnce in the details of the scheme. " The COST OF THE WORKS we estimate as in Appendix " We have the honour to be, Sir, your . very obedient " JAMES SIMPSON. " JAMES NEWLANDS. Servants, "Liverpool, 23rd April,. 1849." ----- The appendices contain a mass of valuable information, and shew the data upon which the engineers have arrived at their conclusions. The most interesting, however, is their estimate of the cost of the Rivington Pike pro ject. For the construction of the various reservoirs, bridges, piping, land, &c., including compensations, legal expenses and contingencies, they put down a sum of £739,269 18s. sd. For distributing reservoirs, mains and works in the town, £lOO,OOO. Total, £839,269, 18s. sd. This does not include the money already spent. The works are estimated according to the parliamentary plans, to be constructed as they think they ought to be for a work of such magnitude. By certain modifications, however, they consider that £60,000 and upwards might be saved. The annual expenditure to be raised by the ratepayers would be as follows : _ Interest on £839,270 at 5 per cent General expenses of carrying on the works, including compensations, man agement, &c. £41963 10 0 £23750 0 0 Total Against £35,000 per annum, the cost of an ample supply for our present and prospective wants, from the red sand-stone formation. THE LIVERPOOL STANDAR& LOCAL MEETINGS. THE HEALTH COMMITTEE.—At the usual weekly meeting, on Thursday, Mr. Tinne occupied the chair. No smoke information, it was stated, had been laid for two months. Mr. Bennett thought the committee ought not to relax.—Mr. Hodson said he had had a case of cholera this week in Raymond-street, Vauxhall-road, which he attributed in a great measure to a pool of stag nant water just at the back door. The attention of Mr. Fresh was directed to the subject.—The weekly re port of the medical officer of health was submitted. During the last week the inclement weather had raised the mortality above the average—the number of deaths being 250,-26 over the previous week. Typhus fever was increasing in prevalence. This had caused more than the average mortality, the deaths from that disease being 31 within the last fortnight, the fortnightly average of the preceding quarter being 18. On the other hand, from scarlet fever there had been but seven deaths, while the average of the preceding quarter was 27. Five fatal cases of cholera had occurred last week—seven the previous week. Dr. Duncan further reported that he had received a letter from Mr. John Green, calling his attention to the filthy and unwholesome state of the water in the canal. He had personally inspected the matter, and found liquid manure running into the canal from Mr. Pickering's yard. The evil, he thought, could be remedied by placing a cover over the manure to keep off the rain, and by more speedy removal. Two of the cases of cholera last week had occurred in an unregistered lodging-house, in Sher wood-street, for Irish emigrants. Other two cases were those of a clerk in an emigration office and his wife, who both died the same day. Mr. Bennett was glad to find that the disease did not appear epidemical here.—Modified plans of the baths and wash-houses to be erected in Corn wallis-street were submitted and adopted. The building will be a very pretty one. By the modification a saving of £4OO or £5OO will be effected. Specifications and work ing plans were ordered to be prepared, and tenders adver tised for.—Mr. Bennett said this was the first material step to the erection of the new baths.—Mr. Hornby : The next step mu s t b e t o fi n d th e money . (Laughter.) GERMAN OPERA.—From advertisements in the London papers, we see that, in the course of the summer, we have to expect the vi s it o f a G erman O pera ti c C om p an y i n this town, composed of the first musical talent in Germany. Such names as Frau Palm-Spatzer, Herr Formes, Herr Beck, and last, though not least, Herr Pischek, who is already favourably known to English audiences as a con cert singer, entitl e us t o expec t a trea t o f a superior kind, The works of the German classical composers, together with several more modern operas, entirely new to Eng land, though favourites on the continent, are to form the repertoires. ?Loral pelts. The Bishop of Chester purposes holding a confirma tion in Liverpool about the end of June. The Rev. W. 11. Moore has been appointed chaplain to the West Derby Union. The cuckoo was heard in this neighbourhood during Sunday afternoon. The West Derby Guardians have resolved to petition in favour of the bill for regulating the county expenditure. COLLEGIATE INSTITUTION.—On Tuesday and Friday, Mr. J. Rymer Jones delivered two lectures on the in stincts and habits of animals. Excellent new potatoes have recently been imported into Liverpool from Lisbon, and were readily sold at 2d. per lb. three weeks ago. The Rev. Thomas W. Moeran, 8.A., of Trinity Col lege, Dublin, and late curate of Youghtl, Ireland, has been appointed to the curacy of St. Matthew's Church, in this town. At the Kirkdale Sessions, on Wednesday week, the Rev. Harold Sherlock. M.A., rector of Ashton-le-Wil lows, qualified as a magistrate for the county of Lancas ter. The Corporation have renewed the lease of the premises in St, Anne-street for the judges' lodgings, the intention to lease a house in Duke-street for the accommodation of their lordships having been abandoned. A fourth shipment of bullion to the United States was made on Saturday ; the sum of £83,900 having been embarked by the steam-ship Hibernia for Boston. The total amount of specie exported now amounts to £411,920, The fine portrait of the Earl of Sefton, now exhibiting at the Lyceum, and noticed by us a fortnight ago, will be removed in a few days. The picture, and that of " The Wounded Hound," in the same room, are well worthy of inspection. SUDDEN DEATA.—On Wednesday, a seaman named John Bowman, belonging to the Ship Earl of Harewood, died suddenly at his lodgings, in Glover-street. He had just arrived by the vessel, apparently in good health, but, while sitting on his chair, suddenly fell down, and ex pired in a few minutes. . RAGGED SCHOOL UNION.—It will be seen that the second annual meeting of this excellent institution will be be held on Wednesday, at the Collegiate Hall. Charles Inman, Esq. will take the chair, and the meeting will be addressed by well-informed gentlemen from other towns where ragged schools have long been in existence. During the past cotton week,—namely, from the 21st to Friday last inclusive,—a larger amount of cotton has been imported than, we believe, in any preceding week. The total receipts were 106,094 bales, in fifty five vessels from the Unit e d St a t es , th ree from South America, and one from Bombay. On Tuesday William Southward, a ship-carpenter, was working, along with two other men, on a stage, at the ship James H. Shepherd, lying in the Clarence Graving Dock In consequence of the unsoundness of a pole on which the stage mainly rested, it gave way, and the three men were precipitated into the dock. Southward died on the following day. SERIOUS ACCIDENT.—On Sunday, at noon, a little boy, named Alexander Youen, was playing with some other children on the stairs at Albion-street Sunday-school, when he accidentally fell over the ballusters down to the ground floor or cellar. He sustained some very severe injuries. He is, however, not considered beyond the reach of recovery. On Tuesday an inquest was held on the body of Anne Barrett, residing in Back Portland-street, who committed suicide by taking vitriol. It appeared that the deceased had been for some time low-spirited in consequence of the death of her children. On one of the witnesses ask ing her why she had taken the vitriol, she said " it was foolery." PARISH .ACCOUNTS.—We understand that Mr. Callis has been for the last week or two investigating a number of the items in the parish books, and, as a result, a de . putation, consisting of that gentleman, Jeffreys, and Mr. M'Millen, will wait upOn the Vestry at their usual meeting to-day, to ask for the appointment of a committee of enquiry. EXAMINATION OF MASTERS AND MATES —At a Board of Examiners, held on Tuesday, the 24th instant, Captain Gustave Oscar Mellin, master of the Courier, of St. John, N. 8., and Captain John Paxton, late master of the George Armstrong, of Liverpool, were found duly qualified for first-class •rasters' certificates. And, on Friday, the 27th instant, Mr. George Park, mate of the Elgin, of London. was found qualified for a second-class master's certificate. Seasonable weather has succeeded the severe and win terly demonstrations of the week before last. Sunny days and a mild atmosphere, with occasional light rains, have caused a beautiful change in the appearance of the country.. Vegetation is advancing rapidly. Yesterday was as fine and sunny as could be Fished, the thermometer standing in the shade, in the forenoon, at 62 degrees, and in the afternoon, in a southerly aspect, at 641. The barometer is steady, at about "'set fair." VALUE OF PROPERTY IN THE WEST INDIES.—On Fri day, the two estates called Springhead and Quilts, situ ated in Barbadoes, and belonging to the assignees of Mr. Higginson, were again brought to sale before the Bank ruptcy Court, by an order of the Vice-Chancellor, the biddings having been opened by Thomas Lee, Esq., Sir Osborne Gibbes sold these estates in May, 1846, to the bankrupts for £32,000'; and at the sale on Friday Mr. Lee purchased them for £6,750, subject to a mortgage of £8,500, being the highest bidder. DEATH OF MR. COUNCILLOR POOLE.—This gentleman, who has been prominently before the town as a public man during the last year or two, expired at his residence, Walton, on Thursday, much regretted. He was carried off by typhus fever, in his forty-fifth year. Mr. Poole was churchwarden, a dock-committee man, a member of the select vestry, and one of the representatives of St. Anne's Ward in the Council. For the last-named va cancy, Mr. Thomas Avison has been named by the National Confederation, but Mr. Dover will most likely be elected. MELANCHOLY CASUALTY AT SEA.—About eight days ago the ship Viceroy, which arrived here on Wednesday last, encountered a violent storm while at sea, which car ried away one of her topmasts. At the time four of the seamen were standing on the yard attached to the frac tured spar, taking in sail, and were precipitated head foremost. Two of them fell into the ocean and were never again seen : the other two (Thos. Ryan and Han son F. Halton) fell on the deck, and were seriously in jured. They are now in the Northern Hospital. GRATIFYING ANNOUNCEMENT.—We are extremely glad to learn, that at a meeting of the clergy of the town yesterday, at which Archdeacon Brooks presided, a reso lution was passed to carry out a design which has been long in agitation —to have a simultaneous collection in all the churches in Liverpool in aid of the funds of our six leading local charitable institutions, viz., the Blue Coat School, the Infirmary, the Dispensaries, the Female Orphan Asylum, the Northern Hospital, and the Southern Hospital. We understand that the collections will be made in upwards of forty churches, on the last Sunday in November. THE REV. MR. DOVER'S RAGGED SCHOOL, NAYLOR STREET.—On Thursday, Mr. W. D. Thompson, of Bed ford-street, gave the pupils who attend these useful and prosperous schools a most interesting and profitable treat, by exhibiting to them the curious and distant, together with a few more familiar and amusing objects of nature and art, by means of his excellent magic lantern. Though the pupils, male and female, showed themselves by their apparently forbidding countenances, their torn, and, in some cases, filthy garments, to belong to that class for whom the schools were opened, yet their behaviour was good, and their attention to Mr. Thompson very great. An official return of the unoccupied dwelling-houses in Liverpool; of a rental of £3O and upwards, gives the extraordinary number of 5900; and yet the population, it is said, has not decreased. No doubt many, to avoid the heavy rates, reside in Cheshire. It is said, also, that owing to the decreased revenues of more, that several families occupy one house. Taking an average of £5O per house, the empty dwellings would show a loss of £300,000 a-year. Rents are, at last, beginning to fall ; and a shop in Bold-street, which let for £120; is now un tenanted, although only £7O is asked. Landlords would consult their own interest by anticipating a reduction to good tenants; for, once empty, it is very hard to fill a house again. A WELL-EARNED TESTIMONIAL.—There has just been presented to Mr. North, a service of plate, of the value of 150 guineas, comprising, among other articles, two massive tureens, thus described The Liverpool Ship owners' Association to John North, Esq., in testimony of their high appreciation of his able and zealous services as their Solicitor and Secretary, from the formation of the Society in April, 1839, to January, 1849, when he resign ed those offices, on being appointed Solicitor of, the Trustees of the Liverpool Docks." it is said that Mr. North at first declined to accept the testimonial, contend ing earnestly that the mere discharge of a duty can never entitle a man to reward or honour, and was only over ruled by the determination of the committee to carry out the vote of the society. PHOTOGRAPHY.—This scientific process of portrait taking is at present in full operation in Church-street, under the superintendence of Mr. Beard, of London, the son of the well-known London operator. The rooms are spacious, and elegantly, fitted up ; and as the public have free access, they are thus enabled to form their own opi nion of the accuracy and artistic pretensions of the nume rous miniatures which ornament the apartments, many of which are the more easily criticised, from the fact of their being the likenesses of individuals filling prominent posi tions in the town. Knowing the great outlay which has been rendered necessary, in order to present the art in a guise and on a scale worthy of its scientific pretensions, it is gratifying to observe that the public have so heartily welcomed its introduction to the town. We predict a rich reward to the polite and spirited young gentleman who controls the new establishment. TEE SATURDAY EVENING CONCERTS.—The last of these entertainments for the present season was given on Saturday evening to a large and respectable audience. Several of the most influential gentlemen belonging to the town, who have given their countenance and support to the efforts made by the managers of these concerts, were present; amongst others we noticed the Mayor. (who occupied the chair,) Mr. William Rathbone, Mr. Christopher Bushell, &c. That most accomplished hu mourist and vocalist, Mr. Samuel Lover, gave his inimi table Irish entertainment, entitled " Random Shots from Rory's Rifle" during which he kept the audience in most perfect good temper by his sallies of wit, laughable inci dents, songs, and stories. In the interval between the first and second parts, Mr. Priest, the author of the second prize essay, proposed the presentation df an ad address to Jenny Lind, requesting that she will afford the working classes an opportunity of hearing her vocal efforts, at such charges for admission as will be within their means, in conformity with the suggestion recently made at the soiree, by Mr. Charles Robertson. The ad dress was approved by the audience, and the Mayor was requested, to, submit it to the celebrated songstress. THE MISSION OF DR. WNEILE.-Dr. Hugh M'Neile has announced his mission upon earth. On Monday a public meeting was held at Freemason's-hall, for the pur pose of forming a Church of England Metropolitan Train ing Institution. "He hated Popery," Dr. M`Neile said at this meeting. "He was born and bred to hate it. He had hated it through life, and he should continue to do so until death." What must have been the parentage of a man who was born to hate the majority of the Christian world ? What the education of a man bred to hate them ? ONE, whose name it might be too profane to record in such connexion, has ordered, and with authority not to be gain said,—" But I say unto you which hear, LOVE YOUR ENEMIES." Unto you, which hear I—Jerrold's Weekly News.—[Dr. MaNeile is quite Scriptural notwithstanding all this sanctimonious pother. ANOTHER, whose name it is quite needless to mention to those who know their Bibles, and therefore, of course, to the Edit or o f J erro ld' s Weekly News, has said,—" I esteem all Thy precepts, concerning all things, to be right, and I hate every false way." As for loving your enemies, it strikes us that the most violent hater of Popery is he who has most love for Papists. Dr. M'Neile does not say that he hates Papists, but Popery. And query : What " love" had the writer of the above paragraph for Dr. M'Neile when he thus mis stated the fact ? Are none to love but ministers ? And is false doctrine the only thing to be loved ?] EXTENSIVE ItOBBERI the night of Tuesaa, the premises of Mr. Thomas Sorton, pawnbroker and outfitter, Dale-street, were broken open, and sixty-five watches, jewellery, gold wedding rings, and various arti cles of plate, abstracted. The shop next to that of Mr. Sorton is at present empty. To this the thieves first gained access, then went upon the roof, and there being no person living at Mr. Sorton's shop, easily effected an entrance by removing the slates from the roof. ROYAL LIVER THEATRE.—Yesterday week Mr. Ho ward Glover's new opera, " Aminta," was to have been produced • but the severe indi s p os iti on o f Mi ss S ara Flower, who sustains a chief part in it, rendered it neces sary to discontinue the performance towards the close of the first act. What we heard of the music made a favour able impression, and elicited a regret at the untoward in terruption. The " Daughter of the Regiment," with Miss Anne Romer as Maria, was then the opera of the week. We can only say that Miss Romer has added a new leaf to her laurels; in fact, she is constantly rising in the favour of the audience, who well know how to ap preciate her talents and untiring exertions. The opera had been much mutilated, and some of the finest airs and choruses left out ; however, the performance in itself was creditable. The trio in the second act, " Once more met," between Maria, Tonio, (Mr. Hime,) and Sulpizio, (Mr. Delavantti,) was very ably executed; so was the famous " Singing Lesson," which experienced an encore. APPEAL CASES AT THE KIRKDALE SESSIONS.—On Monday, at the Kirkdale Sessions, the Warrington Wa ter-works Company appealed against a poor-rate of £lB 155., charged upon the works of the company, which were assessed at £250. The ground of appeal was, that as the receipts of the company were only £250, and the ex penses £453 125., the works of the company could not be rated until they yielded a return. The magistrates de cided in favour of the appellants, ordering the name of the company and the amount charged upon them to be struck out.—An important appeal affecting innkeepers in the country next came before the enert_ was John Belshaw, who keeps the Ship Inn, in Great Crosby, and on the 11th of February last, a number of persons came in the omnibus, which plies regularly from Liverpool to Crosby. They got out at the house of Mr. Belshaw, and having knocked at the door, and stated they came from Liverpool, were admitted. Some of these per sons were going to Ince, two miles further on ; others were not going further than Crosby ; but all were return ing to Liverpool during the day. The time they were ad mitted was during divine service in the afternoon, and the only person supplied with ale demanded it as a traveller. Mr. Pollock, in support of the conviction, said that a per son who went six miles outside the town, returning the same day, could not be considered a traveller. Mr. P. then quoted the definitions of the lexicographers as to the word traveller, in which they agreed that the meaning im plied something toilsome or wearisome, and then said it was for the bench to say whether going to Crosby in an omnibus, getting a glass of ale, and coming back in the evening, was wearisome or toilsome. Mr. Monk, for the appellant, contended that these even were travellers within the meaning of the act, and that the appellant was bound to admit them or submit himself to an indictment. Mr. M., in citing evidence as to the meaning of the word traveller, showed that Dryden spoke of a man ending his travels, although he had only gone three miles. Ile con tended, therefore, that the conviction must be quashed. The bench unanimously agreed to confirm the conviction. TAE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. Those who have on summer evenings lingered delighted amid the varied attractions of the Zoological Gardens (and what Liverpool resident has not ?) will learn with;pleasure that this de lightful resort is to be opened for the season this even ing, May-day. Smiling spring• has made its earliest visit to the favoured spot, and the gardens (always a model of neatness) already display great floral beauty, and are rich in foliage and verdure. The scenic representation for this summer is of the most magnificent character, the subject chosen for illustration being the Turkish capital, Constantinople. The painting has been executed under the superintendence of Mr. Battie, of the Royal Vaux hall Gardens, London, and the result is a diiplay of taste and talent that cannot fail to attract the highest admira tion. It would be impossible to convey in a brief descrip tion the leading feature of the striking tableau; but few places could have been chosen affording finer scope for the display of the picturesque. At twilight the minarets of all the mosques will be brilliantly illuminated, and it is considered that the portrryal of the Turkish Ramazan, or Lent, will exceed in splendour any thing hitherto attempted in the pyrotechnic art. The lake that skirts the picture has been enlarged and ingeniously altered so as to conform with the leading features of the scene. The exhibition of fireworks will be, as usual, under the ma nagement of Mr. John Atkins, the prince of pyrotechnists, and who has, we learn, been planning during the winter many striking and novel devices. The concert-hall, which proved during the past seasons so great an attraction, has been richly decorated by Mr. Battie. The walls are divided into panels, into each_ of which is inserted a spirited scene from some of the popular operas of the day. The menagerie has received a considerable accession amongst the leading additions, being one of the finest lions in Europe. The electric light, which the public of Liverpool have never yet seen in its effectiveness, is in course of erection, and should it succeed, we may look for a brilliant illumination, not only of the gardens, but of the whole neighbourhood. With these, added to other multitudinous attractions, a well-conducted refectory, and a fine band, discoursing sweet music from the veran dah on the lawn, we doubt not that the gardens will enjoy their ancient and deserved popularity, and we can not do otherwise than wish the spirited proprietors every succes POLICE INTELLIGENCE, AN UNWORTHY PAIIPER.—An aged widow, who gave the name of Ellen Maynard, was, on Saturday, charged with being drunk in the streets. The prisoner was in receipt of out-door relief from the parish, and when she received her money she always got drunk with it. CHARGE OF STEALING £6.—On Friday, a stupid Welshman, named Hugh Davies, charged a young girl, named Ann Mansill, (who is distantly related to him,) with having stolen from him £6, in Front Portland-street. It appeared, from the evidence, that Davies, at the time of the alleged robbery. was drunk, and that the mother of the prisoner- sent her to take him home. Mr. Rush ton dismissed the case. AGE AND FOLLY.—Nicholas Waite, closely verging on three score years and ten, charged a dirty-looking female with robbing him of 81 sovereigns, in a disorderly house of the lowest description. The evidence was not at all conclusive, and Mr. Rushton, in remanding the pri soner, said it was astonishing the amount of trouble and expense which old fellows like the complainant imposed on the borough of Liverpool. ROBBERY OF SILKS, SATINS, &C.-A young lad, named George Beddowes, in the employ of Mr. Hender son, hosier, of Church-street, and a man, named Price, an assistant letter-carrier at the post-office, were, on Friday, placed in the dock, charged with stealing from Mr. Henderson's shop a quantity of silk handker chiefs, satins, linens, and a great many other things. Beddowes is supposed to have stolen the things and sold them to Price. The eoods were found in the of several people, friends left them at their houses ho said that he had Both prisoners were coin- mined for trial CLAIM AGAINST A PILOT.—At the Police-court, on Friday, Captain Paterson, of the ship De Otte Sodskende, appeared to substantiate a claim for damage to the ship through the mismanagement of John Jones, the pilot, but Mr. Rushton thought that he had no jurisdiction in the matter ; the captain. must bring an action in the County Court. The defendant was on board a ship which had fouled another and damaged herself. Mr. Cooke, the superintendent of pilots, said there had been a preliminary inquiry into the matter, and the pilots' committee were perfectly satisfied that the accident had happened in consequence of the pilot's orders not being obeyed. _ ASSAULT.—On Saturday, Ellen Fitzpatrick was sum moned for an unprovoked assault upon Bernard Samuel. The complainant is the brother of Mr. Samuel, who was instrumental in the detection of Wilson, the supposed murderer of Mrs. Henrichson and her family. In conse quence of this the defendant and some other persons have latterly annoyed Mr. Samuel and his family in various ways. A few days ago the defendant threw a bucket of water at the complainant, at the same time using the most opprobrious epithets, one of which was, " When will you get the blood money for the poor creature that will be hung ?" Mr. Rushton said that young Mr. Samuel had acted with a most determined courage an d presence o f mind in causing the arrest of the supposed perpetrator of that dreadful murder which had lately taken place in this town, and he should not be subjected to any annoyance in consequence. The defendant was fined 10s. and costs, and ordered to find securities for her future good behaviour. CONVICTION FOR SELLING GRAINS OF PARADISE. — On Saturday, Mr. Blair, banister, and Mr. R. Brooke, solicitor, attended before Mr. Rushton and Mr. Adam Hodgson, at the instance of H.M. Inland Revenue, (late Excise,) against Mr. Thomas Jenkinson, drysalter, of Chapel-street, in this town, w h o was accuse d o f having sold to a brewer at Manchester a quantity grains of para dise, otherwise called Guinea grains. The defendant appeared in court, and pleaded guilty to the offence. He urged in mitigation that he did not know he was doing wrong in selling an article upon which the duty of Customs had been regularly paid on the importation, and that he had only done what all other merchants and brokers would have done, and that he was not aware of the penalty im- Tpohseedmba magistrates the s tra teain Act of consequence Parliament mitigatedf r selling t it h e to penaltybrewers. o f in £5OO, imposed by the act, to £l2O, which sum the de fendant was convicted. TOBACCO MIXED WITH RHUBARB AND OTHER LEAVES. —Dr. Bateman, solicitor to the Excise, and Mr. R. Brooke, solicitor, appeared before Mr, Rushton and Mr, May 1,184! Adam Hodgon, on S a t ur d a y, on behalf of li•— m • Inl o ßevenue, against M r . Samuel Hill, wild is a de t t eed tobacco in Waterloo-road, in this town, who svils Iterate d of having h a d i n hi s possess i on a quant ity of aan_ a tobacco. M r . G eorge T aylor, port-surveyor, St,ind• James Read er , ass i s t an t export-surveyor , pr ovedo 4 of ing the tob acco i n d e f en d ant ' s shop, an d th a t the ; e lf the roll was composed of leaves not tobacco, a nd folded ro un d or veneered with with to b acco lea f. 0' George Phillips and John M'Culloch, from L° nd r a t' thel mining chemists t o th e B oar d o f E xc i se , p r oved t b ot had exami ne d th e t o b acco i n question, an d t hat on I,Y r p one-tenth of it was t o b acco , an d t h at th e remain° s olli. composed of rhubarb and other leaves. Mr. Owen b 5 citor, appeared for the defendant, and stated that i n h ` t he bought the tobacco from a man from Ireland, an d a was not aware of it b e i ng a d u l terate d , an d he c al e - o bil landlord and o th er respecta b le pers o ns t o speak ; d o e character. Th e mag i strates i n consequence reit i g a o the penalty of .C2OO, imposed by th e ac t, and convi e defendant in the penalty of X. 50. a well' EXTRAORDINARY CASE.—OR Wednesday' be' dressed lady, name d C at h er i ne M ' Call, was broug ht or k. fore Mr. Rushto n , c h arge d w i t h h av i ng s tolen a . ;' , box and other a r ti c l es f rom M r. Th omas Beesi c ii 3c lo. captain of a Dubli n s t eamer . A remar kable " t le g sure was made. Th e pr i soner, i t appear ed, l a i s is a eG resided in Russell-street, in this town. She „a, is el illegitimate child, the father of whom, it aPPea r w n i t he gentleman of influence and wealth, residing ra ° ° • - butea i s i o h u e t r h a e ll r y n te co t u h n ei t r ie s s up o p f or E t. ng m lan r d . , Beesley, Navin, hioleviceogutLleco:: r acquainted with the lady, induced her, although L"' site married man, to reside with him as his m istreaN, went with him t o a h ouse h e h ad provided for 11'1:port Kingstown, nea r D u bli n . H e lavished presents , I glif her: and matters were proceeding comforta e h pta i r Y o: , d e epu l) . :redl e .o 3l when Miss M'Call intercepted a letter from the t o ld her child, from which it appeared that Captehat' c i soti had written to him, stating the position she occak e ,:ats , he disclaimed supporting them any further. On t", 1 : v orl covert', Miss M'Call became enraged, and destroye,,e'd t gi present that Beesley had given to her. She Pac* e o ff eight boxes, containing her own goods, and came i n to Liverpool. Mr. Beesley followed, and gave beget tv custody for theft, his chief object being to induce . J o t° her,give havingup an referenceassignment t e of ee m .Z e l 3pOrti prize money e h y e t h e a d svl g h l[ i 15 , he was entitled for services on the coast of Africa. refused to give up. There had been no theft, a n- Rushton, of course, ordered the prisoner's discharg e ;, o ty THE ROBBERY AT THE WORKHOUSE.—Mary ti , re e ;oo Elizabeth Gregory, her daughter, and James An" re son-in-law ofthe first-named prisoner, who had bee a u gD manded on a charge of having been concerned 01 extensive system of robbery carried on at the L ive lit' workhouse, were brought up for further examination . rt Robinson attended on behalf of the parish, in suPP% for the charge, and Mr. Davenport and Mr. Perabero ro b , the prisoners. The police-officers who detected the , i a r t bery, and took the prisoners into custody, we re , at the called and re-examined as to the property founu recapitulation edge loengFlrf iodramy except O Ail f t what htehapt t ot h pw e e 3; 4 residence of the prisoners. Their evidence was cla otel, if rnrrlnvian.l y g te a kd v e e isnc b oi efore the naagiod Sad _nvearemdorweads comprisea an sorts- of stores and provisions. 'i . clee apparel, pieces of c l o th an d ca li co, shoes, bedding. a. r t t to of domestic use, & c ., & c ., th e quantity being su ffi e ten oi , fill a small ca r t. T wo l arge pockets were produce.s,ol lar to those whi c h d roppe d f rom t h e elder female Pris`;,g,it when she was app re h en d e d. Th ey were found ain,°hich some wearing app are l i n th e h ouse. T he propertY,:v the had the workho use mar k • upon i t, was identified 'lied. several tradesmen by whom the contracts were supPoo A: number of other witnesses were examined. , 01 11. daughter was discharged. The other prisoners ivert o "ori mitted for trial. An application to admit the pri- bo to bail was refused. Mr. Pemberton said he should able to show, at the proper time, that the gocag 4 ea• the bona fide property of the prisoners, and Mr. 1 . 1 " ere port said he should be able to show that the prr3ori were not implicated in any charge of felony. LANDSEER'S PICTURES OF " PEACI " WAR." 1, 1 06 It was an intellectual treat to us—as it will, nr , "" ts . , be to many hundreds who are admirers of the fine 9 ,. r 0 t1f to visit yesterday the two admirable pictures i ce one finished by our celebrated countryman Landseer; th e the representing the desolating effects of " War," an d w ee other, of the sa me s i ze , an d i n j uxta position, the s rural blessings of "Peace." . Landseer, as a painter, especially in depicting e nii stands alime and unrivalled amongst modern and hYl eo . 0 artists, not only in the fid e lit y an d " li fe " of h i s re pre tations, but in the genuine poetry of his l o calitie s lo positions, which never fail to i nvest hi s pro d uct i o ns ‘:, 1 0; a resemblance and reality which veritable genius alon4 achieve. He is equ a lly h a ppy i n th e f arm-yar d, n de ti few lazy cows to deal with, an d i n a w ild and unPfot region, where the pantin g solit ar y d eer b e t a k es itself_tot shelter or repose. Of the brute crea ti on hi s s t u dies '3O have been extensi ve , an d hi s p ercep ti ons o f t h e ir 1 3 .' 1 4. and appearance unde r a ll c i rcums t ances o f ease o r or e i f fering, are i n d u bit a bl y t ru thf u l. I n delineating s; forms, in the minutest details, he exhibits a th 0.370 .4 acquaintance with th e i r ana t om i ca l structure, and tile those passions or feelings that produce mutations in eyes, the nostrils, and even the veins. AVOr. t The mere idea of t wo pi c t ures, one representing Ae and the other Peace, p resen t s so vast an amplitli"deet subject to the mind, that one would wonder how sure o' expression could be give n t o eac h respectively , view, each at first sight requiring for adequate illne";'" e ry , a series of views, or a panoramic prolongation of srcetroops On the one hand, we r ecur t o t h e marshall i ng el 21,1 of and armaments, th e rec kl ess encounter in t h e strife ; the dead and the dying ; the retreat of the ;,,c1 quished survivors ; the exultation of the victors e r last, as a finale, the widow an d orp h ans sorrowing _.,;00 their bereavement :—on the other, remnants of r;t, becoming obliterated or hidden by h omestea d s a nd co tages, the varied verdant landscape, t,be smiling gar"; fi g the prolific field; the village green with old and 9°, 0 , participating in the festive dance or the a thl e tic gap The painter of War and Peace was a ware th a t an of could not be accomplished, but by a master-strolie.,„( genius ; by but a single scene i n eac h o f th e co ntraet t p subjects he has done enough to lead the conte'nPle mind to the full imp ress i on o f th e h orrors o f the o and the beatitude of the other. is t o In his picture of War, it canno t b e sa id t h at there of animated being —a few figures only of the dead, and tt o one of the dying. A cou n t r y h ouse i s presen t e d a moment after it is blown up by the springing.of a tain i to the fall through the roof of a bomb-shell. A huge ' to has fallen upon a cavalry trumpeter, and crushed biT,, lg death. His gray horse is also illed, and its rise' d o strongly depletive of the arch-destroyer—the filmY r ag, and the protruding tongue. A trooper of the Life Ge a do. his dead body near the other, and both on their be f i g The face of this last figure is hastly, and of that P ecu ij ieS expression, especially about the eyes, which acconW it e to recent death, and in this instance that of a warrior g °P ro s. his everlasting rest. His bl ac k h orse i s woun d e d, a trate leg being broken, yet the animal still nobly str oe gling, and half rampant. Th e d e t a il s o f t h e an i ma l c ro pa are altogether striking, and the colouring, and ligh,t,,or shadow such, that criticism is puzzl e d to find a faul t r d rather is entirely disarmed. The ruins of the buildingdo. shown in walls hurled from their perpendicular, and ! di r r o u s p e t , ed th ; e a v n i d ne a , piece th o e f g tr e e ra ll n is ia w m o , r i k s h o l n ow w n h i i e ci t i at g t r e e r v s i,, ,,, , e l . a portion of the buildi ng w hi c h i t erewhile decorsi,th Some roses and other plants still remain in bloo, ° ',al9 happy conception of the pai n t er th at " when war's aieh""sp' blast is o'er," these gentle embl ems o f h armony a n 1 118 piness will yet continue to flourish. There is a heTi s ilt '1 edifice in th e di s t ance ; b ut we have not space for '0 and conclude thi s i mper f ect not i ce with an a pprollo. extract from a poetical effusion by Mr. C. Swain, of 3 chester, su gges t e d b y th e p i cture "The steed, w h ose proud neck in WAR'S tempest was tost' Now leaps from the strife, but its rider is lost! The columns are shattered—the banners o'erthrown, And the lips are now stiff that the trumpet have blown. All struggling and wounded the steed pants for breath, Or, lifts its wild head in the grandeur of death ; The limbs that shook earth 'neath the fire of their speed , Now quiver, and quail, and grow week as a reed; The eyes that, like star-beams, glanced light o'er the _ 4.. _ ....sancta utvvtaguitn ZULU Millen in convulsion and pain! Slow straining each nerve, one last effort to make, While his nostrils distended with agony shake, He springs —and with firelock extended in air, He dies—with the effort that mocked his despair !" „r On viewing Mr. Landsee r ' s s i m pl e b ut e ff ec ti v e co n depiction of " Peace," we ma y we ll say , w ith to!,, the " Look on this picture and o n th a t !" Th e scene, Y ore' distance, is the town of Dover and the sea; the Log' ground a sloping eminence, with the cliffs interve ° , o of The whole may be ter me d a eoast v i ew. On a gY,g/t bank are seen seated a group o f three—a beautifu l boy, and a female infarit. The last holds a htg l ,, the worsted stretched bet ween h er extended hands, girl, under whose gentle instruction the young one bof dently acts, is beginning to wind it into a ball. T h 04, is observing, w ith grea t an d ki n dl y i nterest, the 110 e 0 1 ", in which the littl e one —hi s s i ster perchance—Per l her labour of l ove . Th e s t raw- b onnet thrown b a clt ue ein the shoulders of th e g i r l i s a hit. A number of Log lambs, and goats are browsing by, or placently in the sunshine. The painting of the whole of the pet' mals is admirable, and in position and appearance e.v., 0 01 feet that it is scarcely a stretch of imagination to su t li t ' s,, o i that the hand might grasp a horn, or pluck a elr l ? er wool. One of the finest conceptions of the pion' o tcrj dismounted and rust-eaten cerronade, in the foregt which has become partially overgrown with gr, es ; : t eroc from the very mouth of whi c h a recum b ent l am b ping the herbage. Some of the goats—all enjoYinq,g, r ease—are caparisoned with littl e sa ddl es an d gears OAr used in the locality for the amusement of children,: 0 1, racteristic of the scene, t wo sea - gu ll s are seen .",,° oth`e over the adjacent cliffs, billi ng an d fondling eac'iatilj,r in their airy flight. Th e t own o f Dover is see3tDe distance, and formin g a p ro j ect i ng po i nt into , bp , l a extended blue and pla c id wa t ers o f t h e sea , studded here and th ere w i t h distant vessels, ~i ice ftl e l , sail, pursuing th e i r no i se l ess way, i ndicative of r c ce , , and profitable international traffic. The whole be c o Y ll. simple as its converse, is admirably indicative of t ,re tentment, 'general happiness, and health which. o 4, results of national tranquillity and industry. In 1 0 , ic l / tion of our own opinions, we again quote Mr. Siv 3 , l , ssr in the course of some elegant verses on the subjec t ' " Come, let us mount the cliff, the crested heigh t ' Where Dover rears her fortress to the sight Like beings of the deep the vessels glide, Proud of their own reflection in the tide ; r e, Proud of their mission,—which is WAR no 1 0 he rt; But commerce, Christian lo ve , f rom s h ore to s The cannon —sentenced ne'er again to tioat„_. Stilled the red thunder in its murderous throw t ties, by the majesty of Truth o'erthroura, Rusted, dismounted, weed and moss o'ergrovi:' The cautious lamb hath dared to make its waY Unto the very mouth which spoke—to. 110 1 Whilst e'en the butterfly within it dips 5 And grain and flowers spring fronl 0 5 iron lip , ARRI iie nd Earl eall b reb t ot4 "-A Subal._ l , ch e i t _ Nak "' lot te 'fie arlest J: t ZleY Yp to dea Feat ( 101 , /t 4 l LE -Mas, bAg h Z'rti l jl l : ( o rr ti '; o L,,, 1v);It. )e9ats tElf N, kil,; f ,ax v tn ol c, ro t At Gw4t Netro , 4 Dr Q t to 11..11ioerei, (ptrie, J ( Zell l.(1 0 4 ) I Uai 11ri 114 1 gf, SH St Y 4 qt ~,,,ARR ino tti S A' , D odd, —aoini for osi