The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1849-12-04 00:00:00

49 , s!o° ,ly ,be e ! / us Prb c ~ with r: d , Birchiw, tares ' A it t o Dee, 4, 1549. Loral .tb3s. DP )f tra t ) atemel This ° share of scale TES IN NDAO an d d air 0 sito;i4 ial 11.1, hat atfo l a re , cr" ut 13' 4.1 liar ngab o " 0 sta te 0 ` proPer ti „s: ernro e- Waslll Fhe „, idert"i nal r educ.' w t nothisg Et vourp ., _ ereti the and 1,6 zret t:d Yduti ill rese.r ivo. Livery, Lae, P ,rd TarPLgb ligh usiu " f " our of 1 ' tiou fse' n g St et fr OtYP Pl c cof tF, 3-4 f, irst e „ o tiv Le d 14 4 „ke o ec i ;Wis h _ nf tbe It 15 „, th e o— av ty f r t ip* 0 f P 3 wb° pf 9 11 fig a _ tl i e ps'AID jar°7oll l . Y * ,t tt i re 3111 00 n3, f Y'' , ati -10 About five weeks ago, an old woman, named Elizabeth Ricks, got up in the night to go down stairs, when she fell and hurt her side. She lingered until Wednesday. On Wednesday, George Thompson, a child sixteen months old, son of parents resident in Jenkinson-street, died from being scalded on the previous Thursday. On Sunday, Thomas Sandland, a police-officer, died at pie infirm ar y from injuries he received in consequence of Zing crushed by a fire engine, which he was accompany fug on that day se'nnight to a fire in Dingle-lane. On Tuesday night, George Morris, an old man, re nding in St. Andrew-street, while going into the cellar (. 0 wash himself, slipped, and fell down stairs. His skull Was fractured, and he died an hour afterwards. The Rev. W. M'Clellan, vicar of Tessaragh, Roscom mon, acknowledges, in a letter in the Dublin papers, s ubstantial relief forwarded by the Aigburth Relief Com mittee. Sr. PETER'S Cnußcir, AINTREE.—The Earl of Sefton pill tape the chair at the Annual Congregational Tea rarty on Thursday next. Colonel Garrett has kindly Promised the fine band of the 46th Regiment for the oc casion. Our country friends may anticipate a rich treat. The fine s hip Ne w World, from New York, brings the followi ng cargo :-2,600 boxes cheese, 3,400 barrels flour, 53 3 bales cotton, 126 barrels apples, 1,600 quarters corn, 203 boxes clocks, 1,000 packages rosin, lard, bees' wax, B ‘c. r .,; total, 9,462 packages. DEATH FROM EXCESSIVE DRINKING. — On Wednesday two men were brought to the main bridewell in a state of beastly intoxication. One of the men ejected about three gills of rum from his stomach, and the other nearly a similar quantity. One of the men, Patrick M`Dermott, r ecovered, but the other Peter Brennan, never rallied,and died on Thursday. AINTREE.—Our public spirited neighbours at Aintree are again first in the field in their announcement of a ball at the approaching festive season. A reference to our advertising columns will inform our readers that the Ain tree charity ball, under the patronage of Lord and Lady tlefton, will take place on the 20th inst., in that beautiful building, the Grand Stand. NEW REPOSITORY, BIRKENHEAD. — It will be seen by oUr advertising columns that Mr. Kirkham has opened Ids new stables and yard, Leicester-street, in the Priory Rotel, for the purpose of holding monthly sales by auc tion of horses, carriages, harness, &e. We have no doubt that this undertaking will meet with due encouragement, and answer the purpose not only of the proprietors but the public at large. DARING ROBBERY.—On Monday, a man of gentle anda stoutly made, about 5 feet 10 inches in height, dressed in a dark brown coat, walked into the Adelphi Hotel, made his way along the lobby to a room Where the table was being laid for a dinner party, and filling his pockets with between £4O and £5O worth of silver plate, left the house. As he went out he coolly asked to be allowed to light his cigar. A similar robbery bas been committed at the Albion Hotel, Manchester. TH E LIVERPOOL WELSH CHORAL SOCIETY.—Wf3 have great pleasure in announcing that this talented so ciety will give their third public performance of sacred music, in the Concert-hall, Lord Nelson-street, to morrow evening. An organ and orchestra is erected for the occasion, and there will be a chorus of 130 voices. tilos worship the Mayor has expressed his intention to be present, and the performances, it is fully anticipated, will add additional laurels to those already won by the society. There are six murder cases for trial at the assizes, Which commence on Saturday. They include Mary Ann Page, child murder, at Manchester • John Lee, black smith, stabbing a man with a red-lot iron, at ditto ; Mary Hevey, child murder, Prescot; Patrick Joseph Culkin, murder of two children, in this town ; Mary Ann Montgomery, child murder, ditto ; Bernard Sheridan, murder of a man who interfered between him and his Wife, Manchester. OXFORD UNIVERSITY. —We received yesterday the class-list of honours just issued at this university, and are glad to notice as sixth in the second class, the name of Henry J. Marlen, son of the worthy incumbent of All Saint's Church in this town. This is not the first time We have had to record the distinguished honours accorded to this promising young gentleman. We understand that is the approaching examination for mathematics it is anti cipated that he will occupy a still higher place in the list of classmen. MAN FOUND DROWNED.—On Saturday, early, a labouring man, named John Chambers, while walking on a bank in the bed of the Mersey, opposite the Nelson Hock, found the body of a man unknown. Deceased appeared to have been about ten days in the water. Upon min were found 6s. and some copper. He had on a frieze coat, striped waistcoat, corded trousers, and ancle boots ; but bald at the top of the head, dark hair, five feet six inches in height. Two letters were found upon addressed to " William Goggins, of the Furze, county of Tipperary." . - - CAUTION.—On Saturday evening, between the hours of six and seven, a man, buttoned to the chin, with a cap drawn over his eyes, with his hands behind his back, apparently holding some weapon, and having all the appearance of a robber, called at a house in Lower Tranmere, and inquired of the servant (who was fortu nately accompanied by another) if there was a man in the house, and, on being informed that her master was in the Parlour, with some gentlemen, he made an awkward ex clue about his " being in search of a bumbailiff," and withdrew. It is supposed that he had accomplices out side. The servant was so much alarmed that she allowed Borne time to elapse before communicating with her roaster. THE FANCY FAIR.—Mr. J. R. Isaac has just published a.„very spirited and life-like sketch of the gay scene at the Prince's Park, during the month of August last. The view was taken from the roof of Mr. Martineau's house, from which an excellent sight of the whole proceedings was obtained. The artist has succeeded in depicting a correct representation of the various objects ; amongst Which we may mention the grand marquee, the horticul tural exhibition, the great pavilion for the ladies' bazaar, the lake, R o y a l George, and galvanic battery, the balloon ascent, the firework ground, St. Paul's Church, Swiss ,Cottage, &c. &c. As the proceeds of the sale of this oeautiful print are to be devoted to the cause of charity, We hope it will meet with an extended sale. Friday being the anniversary of the birth of St. Andrew, the desirous saint of Cale the don o ia, such of her sons as were of keeping up god old custom of the good old ti mes , assembled together at the houses of Mr. AliKenzie, the Caledonian Hotel, in Duke-street, and at Mr. Halliday's coffee house, Everton. At the latter festive board, the chair was occupied by John Hastings, who was ably supported by John Walker, Esq., of B irkenhead, in the vice-chair. The dinner, wines, oratory find harmony, were all of the first class. The worthy host (who is now in his 78th year), and who has kept watch ward over the head quarters of Prince Rupert for the last 45 years, appears as hale and energetic as he did 30 years ago. WATER FROM THE SANDSTONE.—Mr. Thomas Spencer has received the following letter from Sir David Brewster, dated St. Leonard's College, St. Andrews, NovemberBth, C onfirmatory of his assertion that the Liverpool water °Wes its sparkling brightness to the salts of lime, mag nesia, and soda, with which it is impregnated,—points Which Mr. Spencer contested recently with a correspond ent of the Courier :—Dear Sir,—lt is demonstrable, both b Y theory and experiment, ' that if the density of water 13 e increased by the addition of mineral salts which it re ceived into chemical combination,' its refractive and its r eflective power are both increased ; and, having such, Water (provided it be colourless and transparent) will be more bri g ht and sparkling than pure water when poured o nt• -- -I am, sir, yours most truly, D. BREWSTER." .„ • IRES —Or:Tuesday night, three fires occurred. The I. l4l 'et was in the house of Mr. Briscoe, Oldhall-street, 'Jut no material damage was sustained. The second took 1) ,.,1zi(2 about half-past eight o'clock, at the glass warehouse b ," l Messrs. Forrest and Co., Old Haymarket. The flames Lere easily subdued. The third occurred on the premises " Mr. Gibbon, fancy-bread baker, London-road. It was c hecked i n a b ou t half an hour, but we regret to say that co nsiderable damage was sustained. Mr. Gibbon is in teed. On Wednesday evening, shortly after six o'clock, .",e large wood bridge by which the Lancashire and York 17ire Railway is carried over Lightbody-street, at the terthern extremity of the town, was discovered to be on b r e, but was soon extinguished. The bridge had recently to tarred, and some sparks falling from one of the lines had caused the tar to ignite. 1 1 'RE CONTEMPLATED EXHIBITION OF ARTS AND MA IIPACTURES IN 1851.—A few weeks ago a public meeting, 1.1 (ler the presidence of the late mayor, was held in the b i‘ n a ancil Chamber, to receive a deputation from the main ti - 7 5r of gentlemen, in London, who were taking the ini in reference to the much-talked-of event of 1851, t ir for the purpose of arranging some preliminaries for W e ,co.operation of this town in the great scheme. On kit.unesday last another meeting was held, when a com vi "ee was formed, and other steps were taken, with a eFla design, o e c s om n mencing business with a spirit worthy of the h e s e the exalted personage who conceived that i gn, and the honour of our town ; the purity or taint of IvivOh will depend on the manner in which she comports evrself at the oreal which awaits her, in common with ,717 other important community in the kingdom. W RE EARL OF DERBY AND HIS LESSEES AT BOOTLE.— t a e are happy to learn that the negotiations between the Lori o f Derby and his lessees upon the north shore , tei t le, for an equitable compensation for injuries sus- At o ri „ s ed by them from the construction in front of their d rtY of the new river wall, for the nort h timber a l °,"`, are o n th e p o i n t of an amicable and satisfactory Ivi t e h tl goraent. The terms, we believe, are that , along Iya the additi ona l frontage to the river, of thirty yards de pth, off ere d t o b e gr anted on lease for seventy-five , o r, the life leases of the original property are to be erel•ltaerted into the same tenure. This concession is most Ny e editable to his Lordship's sense of justice, and is what le,. ees expe ctemust d, from his known hi h gh is character ; and the - feel most grateful to Lordship's steward, jt:l -41 e, for the kind and considerate spirit which he ev inced - ' lt throughout the negotiations. 4 0 ,"ENVED AND MOST DARING ATTEMPT AT Itits "XE REARING.—Mr. Jackson's house, Aigburth Vale, 4 43 , a gain most daringly attempted by burglars on Satur- Dou: v ening between the hours of seven and eight. A tit tis g gentleman, a visitor, and two female servants were W lts •Lat Were in the house at the time. The first attempt de fr :uode at the front of the house, by two men with who attempted to enter by the windows and door, for a 4, tog they were answered from within, they desisted 1 101 1e ‘trao• They then went round to another part of the *hei e '_/,Ptd tried to effect an entrance by smashing . the of the framework of the pantry window, but here (*h;:: eY o faled. In the meanme the gardeners, had been to i town ti came home and on being made k til" ltt oted with the cause of alarm, gave chase to the tax—'4 —" ls, also fi r i ng a t t h em, b ut did no t succee d in capturing th e m' F. and Mrs. Jackson arrived home shortly after l4t,:tsett attempt, and preparations of a most summary mel. er were forthwith adopted to repel further outrage. get te _i . it is high t i me for the authorities to bestir them. In this localty. EMMEN/LEAD AND TRANMERE FERRIES.—It is stated that the Corporation and the Messrs. Willoughby are about to raise simultaneously tbe rate of ferryage at their respective ferries to twopence for each passenger. We think the movement a good one, more especially as it may possibly be the means.of inducing Messrs. Willoughby to resume the occupation of Birkenhead Ferry, where they will be welcomed back again by a numerous body of attached friends. MEETING OF TEE TOWN COUNCIL.-4 general meet ing of the Town Council will be held to-morrow forenoon. The proceedings of the Town-hall Establishment Com mittee comprise a recommendation to increase the salary of Mr. William Houlton, sword bearer, from £l4O to £2OO per annum. There is also a petition from Alfred Boishaw and his wife, praying that certain freehold premises in Collingwood-street, which hate escheated to the corpora tion on the death of Sarah Williamson, intestate and with out issue, should be granted to them for 75 years at a no minal fine ; and a memorial from pork butchers in the public markets, and a motion has been put on the paper by Mr. Councillor Parker that it be an instruction to the Finance Committee to watch and oppose the bill of which notice has been given to alter the constitution of the Dock Committee, and deprive the Coancil of any power over the dock estate. _ _ A POLICEMAN'S FIINERAL.—About three o'clock in the afternoon of Wednesday last a body of policemen, belonging to the South division, to the number of about one hundred, were marched to the Infirmary, where a hearse and mourning coach waited, the former to receive the corpse of one of their comrades, who had died a day or two previously in the institution. The procession having re-formed moved in the direction of Stanhope street Chapel, the resting-place chosen for the remains of the deceased. The name of the officer to whom this mark of respect was shewn was Sandlands, (No. 128) ; he had been in the force upwards of twelve years. His death was attended with melancholy circumstances. On Sunday, the 18th instant, while in the act of leaping upon one of the fire-engines, (which had been brought out of the station yard in Temple-street, and was then starting off for the Dingle, to be used in extinguishing a fire that had broken out in the mansion of Mr. Yates,) his foot slipped, and he fell beneath the wheels, which passed over his head and one of his legs. A Goon SUGGESTION.—The Rev. F. Barker directs the attention of the correspondent of a contemporary, who offers to give £5OO for poor man's chapels, to the church about to be built at Edge-hill. Mr. Barker says, " The population is 8,000 ; there are one church and two chapels ; the free accommodation in the church is, properly speak ing, nothing—twenty sittings at one end of the body, and sixty in the aisles of the gallery, on forms, to mock the wants of the aged and infirm poor. We intend to build a church, in which 500 sittings will be free, and 100 let at a reduced rate, and have raised £4,300, but are pledged not to begin to build till we have got £5,000. I invite your correspondent to examine the prospectus, and to inquire into our intentions, and thus satisfy him self as to the channel through which his bounty may reach a portion of the lower and the middle classes. If it is said we are in the suburbs, I reply—so is the popula tion ; 3,500 persons are already in the district to be assigned to the church, and the erection of houses is still • going on." THE NAVIGATION LAWS.—We have been favoured with copies of a correspondence which has passed between Mr. John Lockett, the chairman of the Shipowners Asso ciation, of this town, and the Board of Trade on the sub ject of the Navigation-laws, which are about to expire. Mr. Lockett applied to the board to know what foreign countries had agreed to reciprocate with this country, and to place British ships in their ports on an equally favour able footing with foreign ships in British ports, and whe ther a notification of the same would be made by the government. Sir Dennis Le Marchant replies by stating that, before the act of the last session passed, the govern ment had not made proposals to the greater number of states, but that, as regards the important maritime coun tries of Germany, Prussia, Hanover, the Hanse Towns, and other Northern Powers, also Denmark, Russia, Aus tria, the Italian States, Greece, and the Ottoman Empire, the treatment of British would be nearly the same as that of national vessels. The states of Central and South ern America were also included in the same category. With regard to France, Spain, Portugal, Holland, Bel gium, Sweden, and the United States of America, it was thought necessary to adopt a different course, and to take such steps as appeared best calculated to obtain from the governments of those countries a freer admission of Bri tish shipping into their ports. Sir Denis then proceeds to observe that Sweden and the United States had recipro cated maritime freedom with this country, and that any new arrangements before the Ist of January would be published for the information of the country. MRS. MANNING.—We have seen in some of the papers notices of the early career of the Bermondsey murderess, and of some liasons laid to her charge. We stated a few weeks since, that nearly four years ago she had been in this neighbourhood, having been with a lady upon whom she was in attendance in the capacity of lady's maid, at the festivities at Rufford Hall. On that occasion she formed numerous acquaintances with persons in Preston and the neighbourhood, had a little " flirtation" with several, and correspondence with, we believe, more than one. We have now before us one of a few letters that passed between her and a townsman. The style is cer tainly most fervent; the penmanship, some of the ortho graphy, as well as some of the expressions in the letter, are evidently the production of a foreigner : " Haldon House, the Bth April, 1846. " MY DARLING LITTLE War.—With mutch pleasure I re ceived yours, and I am verry happy to hear thlt you have lost your cold. I had begun to think you had quite forgot me by your verry long silence, for 1 thougt you must be in London. I would mutch rather you was in London, for I think Preston is mutch too gay for you. Dear I think we shall go to London next month, and I should be verry happy to see you there, for I think to sittle myself thare, and then 1 should be able to see you offen my little Dear, for I am quite werried of this dull life. " Dear Win. I should verry mutch like to have your likeness, as you did propose to me at Rufford, and I will give you the original one in returne. I wish you to make up your mind to go to London next month. You do not tell me how your friend is, and what you are douin your self. "Darling, remimber me to your friend, and believe me for ever " Your most affectionat Lover, "MARIA DE Roux [Under the signature is a small seal.] " My Dear, write me soone, and please to allways take notice of my seal as I fear, and let me know if there as been any other sent but my own. Good bye, God bless you, my little Dear Wm." POLICE INTELLIGENCE, On Thursday, a prostitute named Ann Smith, was fined £5, for stabbing a sailor. On Friday, Captain Alexander Scott, of the Chieftain, from Quebec, appeared before Mr. Rushton, at the Police-court, and was fined in the mitigated penalty of £5O, for having offered a bribe of a sovereign to William Fenton, a tide-waiter at the Brunswick Dock. The case was proved by Fenton, and the money was instantly paid. On Tuesday, a man was fined 20s. and costs, for having a larger quantity of gunpowder than allowed by law. It was found concealed in Everton Valley, and was intended for blasting purposes. On Wednesday, three men, named Quinn, Kenny, and Longwood, were committed for trial, charged with stealing a large quantity of earthenware from Messrs. Davenport end Co. of Canning-place, The police officer found one of the prisoners cutting open a large crate in a coal yard, at the back of Hanover Chapel, Mill-street, kept by a female who was apprehended, but afterwards discharged. The officer, afterwards, found eigt.t dozen of basins under a shed, and it was found that the prisoners had sold to a dealer near thirty-four dozen basins, and were carrying on an extensive trade in earthenware, at a low price. Messrs. Davenport's name was stamped on the ware. ROBBERY OF INDIAN CORN, &C.—On Saturday seven girls and two boys were brought up on a charge of being concerned in a robbery of Indian corn, pease, &c. All the prisoners, except one of the boys named Rimmer, were seen going into Abchurch's mill, at the top of Clayton-street, with two bags of Indian corn. Rimmer was in the employ of Abchurch, and being about to pur chase the corn, said that he had authority from his master to do so. Mr. Abchurch denied any knowledge of the transaction, and that he occasionally bought damaged corn from old women out of charity. Mr. Rushton, in consideration that Rimmer had been the dupe of Abchurch, discharged him. He, however, administered a severe reprimand to Abchurch, and vised him to be more careful in making his purchases. SMUGGLING.—A SERIOUS CHARGE AGAINST TIDE WAITERS.—On Wednesday, a young man, dressed in the garb of a sailor, named Thomas Jones, was brought up on a charge of smuggling. An officer of customs saw him engage a car, proceed to Lydia Ann-street, bring a bag from a house, followed by another person, also with a bag, who got inside the car, which was ordered to Tithebarn street. At the top of Vernon-street he stopped the car, and seized the person in side, but h e escaped. The bagis were secured, however, and found to contain 148 lbs. df leaf tobacco. The prisoner, who admitted that he rode on the car, said that it was a hard thing that he should suffer. Two tide-waiters had given him the tobacco, and he had nothing more to do with it. Mr. Rushton : Who are the tide-waiters ? Prisoner : They are on duty. Mr. Brook : Where ? Prisoner : I know the ship they are on. Mr. Rushton : What are their names ? Prisoner : I don't like to tell their names ; I'll tell Mr. Potbury. It is very hard to blame me for what I was sent for. I can prove that a tide-waiter came to my house for me, and called me out. Was this man convicted before ? Prisoner : No sir. There is a man in court who knows that a tide-waiter came to my house for me and called me out. Mr. Rushton : This is a very serious charge, and should be inquired into. Mr. Potbury then applied for leave to see the prisoner, which was at once granted. The case was remanded. STOWING AWAY ON SHIPBOARD.—On Thursday, Patrick M'Cafferay was charged with being found secreted on board an emigrant ship, under suspicious circum stances. Mr. George Bennett, a gentleman employed in the establishment of Chapman, Bowman, and Co., stated that, on Wednesday, he went on board the ship Albert Gallatin, then in the river, she being about to sail for New York, and, on rummaging, he found three women secreted in flour barrels. On a further search the prisoner was discovered stowed away in a small box, not more than three feet long by about eighteen inches broad. The box had to be broken open before the prisoner could be got out, and he was then much exhausted by his con finement ; had he remained there much longer, the con sequences must have been fatal. The prisoner's wife was on board, and she had endeavoured to secrete herself. Mr. Bennett wished to know if there was any remedy. Mr. Rushton : I am not aware of any. Mr. Bennett : This prisoner and his wife were without provisions, and these would cost 28s. ; besides which, we have to pay two dollars for each on landing, and are under a bond to keep them for three years if they become paupers. Mr. Rush ton : It is a very serious matter, but I cannot do anything. The prisoner was discharged. In a short time afterwards he appeared in court, and created much amusement by asking if he might have his box. Mr. Rushton refused his application, adding, "Go along with you ; it is well you were not smothered in your box." ALLEGED EXTENSIVE ROBBERY OF COTTON.—On Saturday, Benjamin Mayman and John Carruthers, who had been remanded on a charge of stealing cotton from Messrs. Moon's warehouses, in Chapel-street, were brought up for further examination. The evidence went to show that a large quantity of cotton pickings, the pro perty of Messrs. Moon, had been collected from ware houses in Carlton-street, Formby-street, Denison-street, and other places, and sent by the prisoners to a warehouse in Chapel-street. A great portion of it was subsequently delivered from the latter warehouse and sent to a marine store, in Highfield-street, kept by Patrick Magee. The paisoners and Magee were present at the delivery, and the cotton was taken to Highfield-street by Magee's orders. Some other cotton was also taken from a warehouse in Regent-street and sent to Magee's, but it did not appear that this was a fraudulent transaction. The evidence, though somewhat contradictory in some of the minor points, was sufficient to show that an extensive system of fraud in regard to the disposal of cotton had been carried on. John Ryan, a carter, in the employ of Mr. Kelly, proved that he had gone round to the different warehouses abovenamed, and carted cotton to thewarehousein Chapel street, and thence to Magee's store in Highfield-street. He received his orders from the prisoners and Magee. This witness was cross-examined by Mr. Owen, soliciDr, who appeared for the prisoners, when he admitted that Kelly had given him two sovereigns for going out of the way for a feiv days, and he was to receive £5 more to go to Ireland. Wm. Beattie, a warehouseman, in Messrs. Moon's employ, said be gave no authority for the removal of the cotton from Chapel-street. Magee was in the practice of buying cotton pickings from Messrs. Moon. He (Beattie) bad no record of many of these deliveries which were under inquiry. It appeared that Magee had been negotiating for the cotton in Chapel-street, but it was not agreed that he should have it at the price he offered, neither had he any authority to take it away, or the prisoners to deliver it. Mr. Edward Moon and Mr. William Moon were examined, and their evidence was confirmatory of that previously given, that neither Magee nor the prisoners had any right to remove the cotton. The total amount of cotton missing from the warehouse was forty-seven bags. Mr. Owen, on behalf of the pri soners, contended that it had been the custom for the under-warehouseman, which capacity the prisoners held, to deliver cotton on their own responsibility. Mr. Rush ton intimated his intention of committing the prisoners for trial. It was well known (at least to himself) that thousands of pounds of cotton were stolen in Liverpool every year. He would like to know where Magee was, as it seemed to him that his presence was essential to the purposes of justice. He hoped that he would be looked after. Mr. Owen said there was no doubt his clients had been the victims of Magee and Beattie. Mr. Rushton observed that what had taken place must place Messrs. Moon in a very painful position, as it would do every merchant in the town. ALLEGED FRAUDS BY PASSENGER AGENTS—At the P olice-office on Thursday William Rippard, passenger agent, appeared to answer a complaint preferred against him of receiving money frcm emigrants, and refusing to find them a passage. From the statement made in court, it appeared that William Russell and others paid a man, named James Kearney, £2l 4s. for their passage to New Orleans. Kearney was formerly a passenger-agent, but, in conse quence of some complaint against him, he was deprived of his license. Rappard gave Kearney authority to act upon his (Rippard's) license for a fortnight, and it was on the 14th instant, the day on which this permission expired, that the engagement was entered into with the com plainants. It was understood that Rippard would give a passage under the agreement made by Kearney, but on application he refused to do so. The defendant admitted that he had given authority to Kearney to act on his license, but he subsequently remanded such authority ; besides which, he had never received a farthing of the money in question, and he was in London at the time of the arrangement being made. He had no knowledge of the offence for which Kearney lost his license, or he would not have employed him. Mr. Rushton finally said that he must pay the money next day, or he would deprive him of his license, and send him to prison.—Another similar case then came on, in which an emigrant, named Richard Tennessey, complained of John James Duffy, a passenger broker. In this instance Duffy had authorized a person named John Kearney to take passengers on his license, and under this authority Kearney had received £l5 for Tennessey, for passages for himself and others to New Orleans. When Duffey was applied to, he refused to acknowledge the agreement which had been made, and the complainant could neither obtain the passages which had been paid for, nor get his money returned. Mr. Rushton said there had evidently been an attempt to defraud the poor emigrants, and the defendant must re turn the money. DefA,ndant : I hope you will not imagine, Sir, that I have done anyt:iing —. Mr. Rushton: Yes; I have a strong suspicion against you beyond any imagi nation, and I shall take care your license be not renewed unless this money be returned. I shall write to the Com missioners of Emigration in this and the preceding case, and state the circumstances, and I will allow you till to morrow to pay the money.—On Friday Mr. Rippard again appeared in court, and Mr. Snowball being retained for the defendant, the case was gone into de novo. The pay ment of the money by Russell (£2l 45.) was proved, also the refusal of defendant to provide passages for the parties. Lieutenants Hodder and Prior proved that the defendant was a passenger broker, and that Kearney had been one, but that he was deprived of his license on the 29th of October. The officers at the time were not aware that he had lost his license. On the 31st he brought an authority from defendant to act in his name. The fact of Kearney's office being in the same building, and in conjunction with Messrs. Rippard's, was also proved. The captain of the Wilson Kennedy said he was not aware that Mr. Rippard had any authority to ship passengers in his ship. Her ton nage was 1129 tons, though, it appeared, they called her 2500 tons. Kearney had chartered the ship himself. Mr. Snowball said, for the defendant, that the latter had been guilty of indiscretion in giving the authority to Kearney, but had done everything to prevent its being done again ; and on finding that he had done wrong, he revoked the written authority he had given to Kearney. Mr. Rushton said the money should be paid back. Mr. J. Rippard said he had never received any part of it, or he would be happy to repay it. Mr. Rushton said to de fendant, " You must pay the money." The defendant said he would not, and was taken into custody. Mr. Rushton then said he would give him until next day (Saturday) to pay it, and he would not in the mean time commit him to gaol. The other defendant in a like case, Duffy, was then called, but though he had been seen in court, it was found that he had decamped on finding how the land lay, A warrant waa issued for his apprehension. We understand that the gentleman who represented the _owners of the ship very kindly ordered all the parties who had been defrauded to have passages by the ship. Mr. Rushton observed that this was a very kind offer.—Up to yesterday Mr. Rippard declined to pay the money. THE LIVIRML ST/iNDARD. LOCAL MEETINGS. DOCK COMMITTEE.—A letter from the secretary of the Shrewsbury and Chester Railway, asking permission to erect a shed on the quay of George's Dock Basin, was referred to the Committee of Works.—A letter from Mr. Thomas Maddocks, relative to the inequality of dock rates as affecting certain kinds of packages, bales, &c., was referred to the Finance Committee.—Mr. Bold asked whether the proposed alteration in rates for the Albert Dock Warehouses was to come before the General Com mittee for confirmation ? The chairman said the com mittee had nothing to do with it, the rates were to be ap proved by the Mayor, the chairman of the Dock Com mittee, and the senior magistrate of the borough. Several members expressed themselves to the effect, that as there were a great many alterations to be made, they ought to be brought before the general committee. After some further conversation, it was agreed that the commit tee should be made acquainted with the basis of any change, and a copy of the alterations proposed was ordered to lie on the table. THE SELECT VESTRY. — The usual meeting was held on Tuesday last, the Rev. Rector Campbell in the chair. The proceedings of the Finance Committee included se veral cases in which landlords had agreed to compound fcr the rates of their tenants. Confirmed.—lt was re commended that the salaries of Mr. and Mrs. Coates, the govertor and governess of the Industrial Schools, should be increased to £220, the sum they originally received. —The Medical Relief Committee, it appeared, had re commended a vote of thanks to Dr. Duncan for his ser vices during the cholera. The chairman drew attention to a letter which had recently appeared in the Times (in connexion with the water question,) in which it was stated that 8000 persons had died of cholera this year in Liver pool. Mr. Abraham, chairman of the Medical Relief Committee, said the total number of deaths in the bo rough from cholera had only been 5000. Some mistake must have been committed ; for so far the mortality dur ing the present year had not been so great as in 1847. It was then proposed that, in accordance with this recom mendation of the Medical Relief Committee, the board should pass a vote of thanks to Dr. Duncan for his ser vices. Mr. Miller demurred to this, as did Mr. Dover, reminding the board that they had entertained a very dif ferent opinion of Dr. Duncan's services on a previous re cent occasion. Mr. Dover and Mr. Hodson also spoke against the proposition of the Health Committee of the Corporation to close the church-yards in the town, for which they thought there was no necessity. The vote of thanks to Dr. Duncan was then carried without a divi sion. The other proceedings were confirmed.—The re port of the Special Committee of the Vestry, appointed to investigate the charges preferred by the Houseowners' Guardian Society, against the collectors of rates on cot tage property, was read. It stated that, from the evi dence, the committee were willing to admit that a few cases of hardship might have occurred, but not that the collectors had acted with the greatest possible severity," as was alleged. Much of the acrimonious feeling amongst tenants had arisen out of the belief that they were not liable to rates, landlords having, in many cases, told them that no poor rates would be demanded ; and this year, when, for the first time, called upon to contribute to the parish rates, they appealed to their landlords, who, in most cases, recommended them to resist to the last. The committee blamed the collectors for recommending occu piers of houses to tenements where the rates were paid by the landlords, as this was an unjustifiable interference on their part with private property. The allegation that the mode of collecting amounted to an emptying of the houses, had not been in any degree proved. The committee re commended that a different mode of collecting should be adopted, and were of opinion that a large revenue might be raised if the tax were to be received by small fort nightly payments. Mr. Williams moved the reception of the committee's report, and stated that if it was received, he should be prepared, on a future day, to submit a reso lution to the board for the settlement of the whole ques tion. The report of the proceedings before the Select Committee, issued by the Houseowners Guardian Society, W wa y s l n ie ot co a n t te ru n e de r d ep t o h r a t t . thTehme mode eticomf coll was ect se in co g n d d i ed. Mr. d empty the houses, and moved, as an amendment, that the com mittee's report be referred back, with a recommendation to them to fay before the vestry a definite plan for the collection of rates on small property. Mr. Denton se conded this. Mr. Brown said the report of the house owners was one tissue of falsehood. After some further rather sharp language, the amendment was put, and lost by 17 to 7. The report was then received. astrirt The Hon. Lloyd Kenyon has resigned the chairman ship of the Flintshire Sessions through ill health. At the Preston sessions on Thursday Jonathan Har greaves, Esq., of Oak-hill, Accrington, qualified as a magistrate of this county. At Blackburn, last week, a coroner's jury found a ver dict that a man, on whom they held an inquest, had died from having taken over doses of cayenne. Two young men at Over Darwen, near Blackburn, have been committed to Kirkdale, to take their trial for the manslaughter of a man named Shorrock. The magistrates of Wigan have decided that playinz at dominoes is illegal, and have fined a defendant 10s. for the offence. An empty house was found to be on fire on Monday evening, about seven o'clock, in Moss-grove, Moss-side, Manchester, supposed to be the work of an incendiary, On an examination of the premises it was found that there had been five distinct parts of the building on fire at the same time. The Chester Chronicle states that, last week, the Marquis of Westminster called together several of the aged and infirm labourers, who have been employed for years ou the estate at Eaton Hall, and granted them weekly pensions, varying from 3s. to 3s. 6d. according to their ages and degrees of infirmity. A BEAST.—At Wigan, last week, a man, who had drunk half a gallon of " whiskey grog," offered to drink half a gallon of ale in ten minutes for a wager. This he accomplished in six minutes, and then offered to drink the same quantity again, but, when he had finished a quart, he fell down insensible, and was qUite unconscious until the next day. EXPLOSION OF A GASOMETER.—On Saturday, as a number of men were cleansing the gasometer, at Mr. W._ Openshaw's cotton mill, at Tottington, near Bury, an ex plosion of the gas took place, from coming in contact with a lamp. The manager at the works, Mr. Caleb Kay, was killed on the spot. The gasometer ascended upwards of thirty feet, and did considerable damage. On Monday evening, - about half-past eight, as a Mr. Wilcock and his son was going along Moreton-street, Strangeways, with a tin box containing £175 in cash, and a bill for £126, the former was suddenly seized by the throat and dashed to the ground by one man, while a second similarly treated the son, and a third wrenched the box from Mr. Wilcock's hands, and all three made their escape. REVENGE. Yesterday week, a young man named Gooch, a butler, was brought before the magistrates, at Manchester, on the charge of having administered some deleterious drug to six of his fellow servants. He had been in the employ of Mr. Welff, but was discharged : he ascribed his dismissal to the malice of his fellow servants, and promised to do for them. On the night after he left they were all taken ill, but soon recovered. He was dis charged on giving bail, there being no direct evidence against him. - On Tuesday a conflict took place between three game keepers in the service of Mr. Leche, of Carden-park, Chester, and Mr. Alctersey, of Aldersey-park, and a band of poachers, supposed to be six in number, in the course of which one of the latter lost his life. His name was Moulton, and the inquest resulted in a verdict of " Man slaughter" against Woodfine, Mr. Leche's head game keeper. George and John Chidworth and Jonn Moulton, of the deceased's party, were committed for poaching. The coroner expressed his belief that the poachers might have been captured without personal violence._ _ _ FIRE AT 13OLTON.—Tivo LIVES LOST.-0/1 Sunday week, a fire broke out in one of the bed-rooms at the house and shop occupied by Mr. Saunders, tailor, Deans gate, Bolton. Unhappily, after the flames had been sub dued, a child nine years of age, and a nurse aged 14 years, were found to have been suffocated. Mrs. Saunders had a very narrow escape, being found on the floor of the same room in an almost helpless state. The fire was con fined to the rooms; but the shop and goods have received considerable damage from the water used in extinguishing the flames. The building has sustained comparatively little injury. The damage altogether is estimated at £400; but this loss is fully covered by an insurance in the County Office for £lOOO. THE ROCHDALE SAVINGS'-BANK.—An almost unpa ralleled case of fraud has recently come to light in conse quence of the death of Mr. George Haworth, who for more than twenty years had held the office of actuary to the savings'-bank in Rochdale. Mr. Haworth died on the 19th of November, and on an investigation being made on Tuesday last a discovery was made of embezzle ments extending over many years, and amounting to a larger sum than was actually deposited in the bank. The deceased actuary had kept a private ledger, in which were entered numbers of the accounts of depositors, which accounts never appeared in the books of the bank at all. Haworth appropriated this money to his own purposes ; and the amount embezzled greatly exceeds the sum of £30,000. The character of Haworth stood so high that it was in contemplation to have a public funeral to his memory. He had a cotton mill, and was agent for seve ral wealthy families, and was extensively employed as an arbitrator. He lived in good style, and bad a salary as actuary of £lBO. The trustees of the bank, it is said, will be liable for the defalcations. He had sureties for £lOOO. Mr. Haworth was a member of the Society of Friends. When at the point of death, he went through the form of calling around him some respected friends to become trustees, and executed a will, bequeathing to his widow and child (a dadghter) something like £20,000, £3OO of which per year was settled upon his widow. A meeting of the depositors is to be held on the Bth instant, to ap point a special committee to investigate the matter in their behalf. It is doubtful how far the deceased's estate will meet the deficit, and also whether the trustees of the bank are liable under the bank rates for other than their own acts. Many of the depositors from neighbour ing towns have been strolling about the streets, though they could get no information from the bank as to the state of the accounts ; and one party of working men stated that they had come as a deputation from the depositors living in the village of Miln-row, from whence the sums placed in the bank by individuals, Sunday schools, and sick societies, amount to about £l,OOO. One gentleman, a manufacturer, said he had two working men in his employ who were depositors, one to the extent of £2OO. and the other to the amount of £6O. GREAT SALE SALE AT HOOTON HALL On Tuesday the sale of the effects of Sir W. M. Stan ley commenced at Hooton Hall, when a pretty fair as semblage of persons were attracted. The sale took place in the dining-room. Several of the neighbouring gentry were present on the occasion, as well as parties from Liverpool, and some dealers from London. The glass was first put up, and the prices, though not high, were fair. The Bohemian glass service was the first to excite attention. The auctioneer stated on his honour that it had cost 300 guineas, exclusive of duty. The bid ding commenced at £lO, and rose rapidly by guineas till it attained 86 guineas, at which figure it was knocked down to Mr. Nathan, of London, who attended on behalf of several of the nobility. The French china desert service, with painted flowers, fruits, and portraits, excited a spirited competition, com mencing at 20 guineas, and it finally fell to Mr. Haus burg, of Church-street, for 105 guineas. The Worcestershire china breakfast service, in 82 nieces, brought 10 guineas; Mr. Winch, of Liverpool, being the purchaser. Mr. Blake purchased the Worcestershire china tea and coffee service, with the painted flower pat tern, for 20 guineas. The handsome claret jugs to which we have already alluded were sold for 35 shillings each. The dessert plates brought from two shillings to half-a crown each. An imperfect blue and white and gold breakfast service, in 107 pieces, brought £6. Two richly painted blue and gold ice pails sold for £3 ss. Sir Edward Walker purchased lot 125—a white and purple and gold breakfast service, in 164 pieces, £lB 18s. He was also purchaser of lot 126—a luncheon service, in the same pattern, consisting of 112 pieces, for £l7 10s. Mr. Kearsley, of Liverpool, bought lot 127—a white ground gilt edged dessert service of 56 piecea, for £lO 10s. Articles of ornament were next laid before the purchasers. Lot 145—a set of six Derby spar ornaments, presented to Sir William Stanley by an intimate friend in Derbyshire, being articles of exquisite workmanship, were sold to Mr. Blake for £3 ss. Lot 156, a gilt incense tray, probably used in the family for religious purposes, was sold to Mr. Heath for twenty four shillings. Lot 170, a rosewood casket, covered with green velvet, and richly ornamented with ormolu, was bought for £4 by Mr. Ford. Lot 171, a casket, covered with ormolu, and lined with crimson velvet, sold for £3 7s. 6d. A toy conservatory, with flower stands and pots, lot 172, sold for fifteen shillings. Lot 173, a pair of polished horns, of great beauty, went for ten and sixpence. Lot 174, an oval French casket, or rare workmanship, was knocked down for ten guineas to Sir Edwara Walker. A pair of blue and white oriental china flower pots and stands brought £1 ss. Lot 183, " The Hoot on Letter Box," went for half a guinea to Mr. George Enson. Lot 213, a pair of highly-polished horns, richly mounted in silver gilt, upon silver gilt stands, and Italian marble pedestals, were bought by Mr. Nathan for £6 15s. - The foregoing wei:e the principal lots. Upon the whole, the first day's sale may be considered as satisfactory. Wedneday's sale consisted of the linen, blankets, napkins, table-cloths, &c., and the prices obtained were good. Amongst the visitors we noticed John Harrison, Esq., Edward J. Walker, Esq., J. Ford, Esq., H. Hornby, Esq., Robertson Gladstone, Esq., and many others. The large-sized and splendidly worked linen sheets fetched from 325. to 40s. a pair. The beautful damask table cloths, of the most elegant patterns, sold at price s varying from £2 to £3, and diape r t a bl e oths fetched 19s a pair. Damask dinner napkins fetched 4s. 6d. each, and luncheon napkins is. 6d. each. Fish and oyster napkins were sold at 3s. 6d. per dozen, and glass cloth napkins were freely bought at 6s. 6d. per dozen. Good large sized Witney blankets varied from 31s. to 435. per pair. On Thursday, the sale comprised the kitchen utensils and other articles of domestic use, with the useful imple ments of the brew-house, dairy, wash-house, and other outbuildings, which are considered indispensable to a nobleman's mansion. The books, &c., were sold on Fri day. They included 585 lots, of all sizes. A classification had not been made, as sufficient time was not afforded for that purpose. In the list were works on Roman Catholic Divinity, English and foreign literature, the chase, the turf, and the field, besides many topographical and ilus tmted publications, and a large quantity of music, engrav ings, prints, &c. Yesterday, the sale of the furniture in the entrance hall, staircases, &c., took place, and to-day, no doubt, a considerable number of persons will be present, as the sale will comprise the costly furniture of the dining room, drawing rooms, library, &c. THE agricultural _auk 31?ortirtilturat COLUMN The internal arrangement of conservatories, and other plant structures, is well worthy the most serious considers tiqkof Horticultarists. Plants are procured at a costly price, grown and flowered with much difficulty and labour, and then their beauties are lost in an over-crowded con servatory or stove. This is so common a fault that in nine tenths of the places we visit in our peregrinations we find it the case ; in some instances the gardener is to blame, but in most cases it is attributable to the employer, who wishes to have more plants, and more use made' of his glass-houses, than they are calculated for. In all cases a few well grown plants will always look better than a multitude of poor specimens ; besides which, it is impossible to have that cleanliness which is essential to the well-being of plants, when they are crowded together ; green slime will cover the pots, and dead leaves will escape notice until they have occasioned mischief, by disseminating mildew ; and vermin of all kinds will carry on their depredations, because it is impossible to inspect all the plants, or even see they are infested until the mischief is almost irremediable ; whereas in a limited collection, where every plant is grown as a specimen, any fault is speedily detected and remedied. Many plants have nothing to recommend them but novelty, and how ever valuable such plants may be in a botanical collection, they should not be admitted into one where ornament and beauty are the main objects,—every one should in itself be worthy an examination, and should be able to stand the test ; it is not necessary that enormous size should be attained, but whether large or small every specimen should bear the marks of careful cultivation ; to insure this, the gardener must not undertake or be charged with more than he can do justice to, his houses should be well filled, and the results will be much more satisfactory. Many employers think the only thing necessary in plant culture is just to strike a cutting, pot it, and give it water occasionally ; every good gardener, whether he be a prac tical or an amateur one, knows that in order to grow plants well, the care is unceasing, every new shoot must be watched and encouraged to grow in a particular direction, and then stopped when it has attained certain limits. Premature flower buds must be nipped off as soon as they appear, cleanliness must be constantly maintained, both in the pot and plant, which must be re-potted as often as the plant requires it. Nothing is so conducive to the healthiness of plants as clean pots, and this must be se cured by good drainage and wholesome soil, as much as by washing the outside. A great deal of mischief is done by potting plants in highly manured composts ; good fibrous loam, well rotted-, from a rich meadow, and a small proportion of healthy soil will answer every purpose of plant culture better than all the compost yard mixture so strongly recommended by our forefathers, whose love for cow-dung, rotted hot-bed manure, leaf-mould, char coal, cum multis aliis, was far stronger than their love of fine plants. Many plants are much improved in appear ance by having the soil covered with nice clean feather moss, especially those requiring a moist soil, and it looks exceedingly well when carefully applied, and is doubtless beneficial. PAPERS ON AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY NO. X. The power of plants to take up mineral substances from the soil being clearly demonstrated, it becomes one of the primary objects of the agricultural chemist to ascertain what minerals are found in the largest proportions, and for this purpose it is necessary to proceed with some care, _ selecting only such specimens as are the most perfect of their kind. The plants are incinerated, or burned, by which means the organic particles are dissipated, and the inorganic constituents remain in the ashes. These ashes are readily analysed, and will shew the various salts of in organic bases which exist in plants. These for the most part are found to consist of combinations of potash, soda, or magnesia, with the organic acids of the plant, besides other minerals mentioned in our last. In examining the saline constituents of plants, it is necessary to be cautious that we do not form hasty conclusions, because a salt may be present accidentally in large proportion—thus, a salt not at all necessary to the economy of the plant may have been distributed in the manure, and thus brought into contact with the plant, and will be absorbed ; but if it be not a necessary constituent, it is in a short time thrown off again. That such is the case, is easily proved by co louring a saline solution with any scarlet vegetabie co louring matter, and placing it in contact with the roots of the plant. The roots will absorb it, and convey it to all parts of the plant ; but after a few days it will all be found to have disappeared; therefore. in trying to ascertain the true organic salts, it is essential to extend the experiments to a great number of specimens from various soils and si tuations. If we then find one salt invariably present, we may conclude that it performs some important part in the economy of the plant; but should we at any time be sur prised by the presence of a new salt in quantity, we should off by the excretory organs of the plant, which have the power of ejecting all matters which cannot be assimilated by the internal organs of the plant. That both the orga nic and inorganic products are of the utmost consequence to the well-being of the plant there is no doubt ; thus si lica exists in large quantities in many plants which have but a small proportion of woody fibre, for which it seems to compensate ; we need only instance wheat, and other cereals, and grasses generally. Without its silica, the long wheat straw would not possess strength to bear its own weight, or the ear of ripened corn. The lofty column which is projected from a minute seed, carrying aloft its valuable load to meet the ripening influences of the solar rays, is, indeed, a wonderful study for man, all of whose boasted powers could never with the same small amount of matter form a tube of such beauty, strength, and ex tension. In this organism silica performs an important part ; it therefore necessarily follows that silica is a ne cessary constituent of soil in which we cultivate the cereal grasses, while its absence constitutes one of the best qua lities of the grasses used as fodder. REVIEWS Midland Florist and Suburban Horticulturist. Lon- don: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co This completes the third year of the most useful work ever published for the florist. The floricultural informa tion is of the best possible description, and distinctly prac tical in all its details. It reflects the greatest credit upon the conductor, Mr. J. F. Wood, of the well-known Cop pice Nursery, near Nottingham, whose thorough know ledge of plants has enabled him to make the Midland Florist a standard work. The Principles of Artificial Manuring ; a Lecture by John Ryan, LL.D. M.D. London : Simpkin and Marshall. Those who advised Dr. Ryan to publish this lecture conferred a boon upon society, for it would have been hard to have given more plain information on this subject than is done in this small brochure, which, though not supply ing, or pretending to supply, all the student wants, yet contains sufficient to stimulate and guide the uninitiated ; at the same time it supplies an abundance of novelty to the practical florist. MISCELLANEA The cultivation of Calla Ethiopica as a hardy aquatic is exciting some attention. It is, however, no novelty, as we recollect to have seen it in great beauty, three or four years since in a pond at Oxton, in the garden of the house now occupied by Mr. Currie. Limanthes as a Salad, Si-c.—The species of Limantlies are of interest in gardens, chiefly for the decoration of heavy damp places, where better flowers will not grow. In such situations they all thrive and become ornamental, retaining their freshness and flowering incessantly through the whole summer. It may be a question whether they would not be useful salads, as they all possess the agree able warmth of Tropseolums, without being quite so pun gent.—Jour. Hort. Soc.—Hort. Hag. Flax Cotton.—An article in the Morning Herald, of Oct., 22, 1849, states that it is not generally known, that by robbing the fibre of flax of its gum, we get a fine downy material like cotton, only somewhat stronger. The strength of the flax is a little diminished by this process, but still the fibre is superior to cotton, and it may be passed through all the present cotton machinery in the subsequent processes. This is interesting at a moment when we are threatened with a scarce, and consequently dear and inferior, supply of cotton ; and as much 11 , x-stalk is thrown away, both at home and in India—the plant being cultivated for the seed—it follows we have here, prima facie, a much less expensive raw material than cotton.—Gardeners' and Farmers' Journal. Bread Fruit Tree.—lt is well known that at the last Chiswick Horticultural Show, were exhibited by Mr. Iveson, gardener to her grace the Duchess Dowager of Northumberland, at Syon, the following very rare ripe tropical fruits, the produce of the stove there, viz., nut meg, chocolate, vanilla, allspice, cloves, gamboge (at least one kind, Xanthochymus pictotius, Roxb.), and papaw; and now we have the pleasure of being able to state that the bread fruit (Artocarpus incisa) in the same conserva tory, is bearing its two kinds of flowers, and with every prospect of the fruit setting—assuredly fof the first time in Europe. We may here add, too, that a fine tree of mango, in the great new stove of the Royal Gardens at Kew, is at this moment ripening fourteen well-formed fruit.—Hooker's Journal of Botany. The real goodness of a soil consists principally, perhaps, in the po wer it possesses o f maintaining a certain degree of moisture ; for without this the plant could have no power of deriving nourishment from any aliment ; it might be planted on a dunghill, but if this had no mois ture in it, no nutriment would be yielded ; but as long as the soil possesses a moisture, either by its own constitu ent parts, or by means of a retentive substratum, vegeta tion goes on. Continue the moisture and increase the aliment, and the plant will flourish in proportion ; but let the moisture be denied by soil, substratum, or manure, and vegetation ceases; for though certain plants will long subsist by moisture obtained from the air, yet, generally speaking, without a supply by the root they will languish and fade.—Fartners , Journal. Mr. River's account of the introduction of Rosa lklanettii as a stock for budding.—" The history of the Mancttii stock is as follows. Some 12 or 15 years since a Signor Crivelli, of Como, attracted by an article in Loudon's ' Gardeners' Magazine,' wrote to me, offering to exchange some seedling Italian Roses for choice named varieties. I sent him a small collection, and in return received from him some seedling Roses; among them were Rosa indica grandiflora and Rosa indica Ala nettii, two very small plants. These he described as being hybrid China Roses, and most valuable Roses for stocks in . the dry climate of Italy. I soon found that although so much alike in habit as scarcely to be distin guished, they differed most materially in this respect; the former could only be propagated by layers, while of the latter every cutting grew. I gradually increased my stock of the latter, and now propagate from 40,000 t o 50,000 annually. As with all new articles in gardening, I had to buy some experience, for I found if I grew them in a rich sod and budded them at the usual period, the buds rot- 3 liim ted ; they appeared to be drowned in the sunr-abundanc3 of sap. At l as t I saw it vitas necessary to "Rant them in poor soils, and bud th em i n S eptem b er. I presume trio stock has found favour in America, for last seasonl re ceived an order from one house for 2 0,000.—Thos. Rivers'. --Gardeners' Chronicle. OPERATIONS FOR THE WEEK - - -- - Nothing can he added to our last calendar. Ventilation on all fvourable occasions in the houses, and other rou tine operations in the open ground, such es digging, trenching, manuring; and in the flower-garden, supply.. ing protecting materials where they are required ; must form the principal employment of the gardener. Planting of trees and shrubs may also be carried on in open weau they. ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. P.M.—Hoye belle has not, we believe, cowered in this neighbourhood. We are, however, informed, onkood authority, that the published figures of this charming plant fall far short of the reality. F.—We will give immediate attention to the glass ques tion ; we fully appreciate its importance, and have been carefully watching for the result of some experiments R. Sutton, Nottingham.—Please forward the ca this year when you next send. J. H. R.—No. 1 is Saxifrage eizoides, and No Saxifrage intacta LIVERPOOL AS IT IS, No. 1.-THE COMMON LODGING-HOUSES Having received many complaints of the depravity and imposition carried on in common lodging-houses, of their total disregard of the decencies of life, their injury to society at large, and the heavy local burdens they entail, and the subject having been brought prominently under our notice last week, by an intelligent correspondent, we have been at some pains to ascertain how far these com plaints were well grounded ; and through a channel on which we can rely proceed to lay before our readers a few facts, obtained by personal visits, so that they may judge whether some means should not speedily be tried, and before the severity of the weather forces into the town all they stragglers to fill the workhouses and the unions, to find a shelter for the winter. It ill becomes a nation like this, whose missionaries are spread over the world, whose shores are ever open to the oppressed, and whose ready charity knows neither sect nor nation so that they be in distress ; to suffer her own children to be nursed in infamy and crime ; to see in her wealthiest towns poverty the most dire, and filth the most disgusting, without making a strong effort to alleviate the one and remove the other. In many houses here neither the town mission nor Scrip ture reader enters. either because the inmates are ever changing, or, which is more likely, because it seems a hopeless task to assist destitution so complete, or vice so hardened. It is utterly useless to attempt anything for the suppression, of mendicancy, or the elevation of the social and moral condition of the poorest class, until a strict supervision be established over lodging-houses, not as now, where one house is licensed and another not, and the latter perhaps filled to suffocation. All who take in wayfarers or casual lodgers should be made to keep a list of such, how they earn a living, and how long with them. We visited a street leading into Scotland-road, where nearly every house is a lodging-house : the first inspected showed five different parties taking their meals at the same time ; and the success of their day's work was plainly seen by the food before them,—the principal party had beef-steaks and onions, with vegetables and tea,—another, and these consisted of a man and woman with five chil dren, who shortly before had been singing through the streets, partook of toast, eggs, and coffee—of the toast and coffee there was an abundance, but the eggs seemed limited to the elders ;—the others were less exclusive, — cold meat and broken bread, with either tea or coffee, was their evening fare; but certainly there was neither a want of food nor fire; and hilarity and mirth reigned supreme. In the same street we visited a house answering the double purpose of brothel and lodging-house ' • it was a night of riot and debauchery ; some successful fraud must have been carried into effect. There might have been from sixteen to twenty persons, of both sexes and all ages, and not one, from the youngest to the oldest, sober ; some making unearthly noises which they termed singing ; others making equally futile attempts at dancing ; and some, steeped in drink, rolling on the floor in all the stages of inebriety and filth; altogether it was a scene indicating the most swinish and brutal debauchery. Further on the noise of drunken revelry burst on the ear, and house after house resounded with brutal laughter or ob This was only one evening's inspection; were all visited and carefully examined, which would cer tainly be a work of time and jeopardy, the results would be so startling that most would be tempted to say such things could not exist here, and might say, " I have had ay, but knowing nothing of them lthy and middle classes fancy vagrant receives, tions to ." The relieve( but those from Whom the beggar gets his sup port are those much poorer than himself, for none really know want, unless they have been taught by want. These believing a piteous tale, knowing by sad experience the scanty meal, the thin covering, fireless hearth, feel keenly, and if it be their last penny often promptly relieve those who laugh at the simplicity of their benefactors. The state of the outcast, the confirmed beggar, and the lowest of the population, is forcing itself on public notice, with an impetus which sooner or later will burst all control. History and experience agree that it is impossible for one class of society to prosper fully and permanently whilst others are in the most utter distress. The middle class is gradually moving, through the heavy pressure on them, into poverty ; the poorest are continually increasing, and as surely undermining the whole fabric as that the citi zens, merchants, and corporate bodies of Liverpool have themselves to blame for many of the heavy expenses of the town, and that is too palpable to need demonstration. How much common lodging-houses add to local taxation is obvious from this fact. Here parties come to be con fined ; whilst in that state they are on the parish. Here if the husband should fall ill, be in gaol, or, which is the most likely of all, go away and leave them, the parish must provide for the family ; and when it is known how erratic are the lives of the Irish, the freemasonry that exists between them, how ready they are to give every information to each other, and that nine-tenths of the lodging-houses here are kept by Irish, is it any wonder we are over-run with them, or that once here it is almost impossible to get rid of them ? That persons visiting their localities give such vivid pictures of their poverty, dirt, unwholesome dwellings, and the miserable shifts to which they are put, is not to be wondered at, when it is seen every day what numbers arrive, penniless, with scarcely a covering, and trust to the humanity of individuals, the chance of selling sand or chips, taking cotton or corn, as the case may be, forasubsistence. Are we to provide houses, work, and provisions, to welcome such a class to us, and to let our English poor perish, whilst, alas, they are the most neglected, for the reason that they keep their sorrow to themselves, and bear with a fortitude, meriting more consideration and sympathy, greater privations than are shown by filthy dwellings, or straw beds. Many English mechanics, out of work for weeks, have clean houses, and are too high-minded to go to the parish, whilst they suffer in silence, firmly and hopefully trusting that better days will soon come. He goes out in the morning to seek employment, and returns in theevening, unsuccessful and weary, and finds, perhaps, little or no food; no one has been to visit his destitution, for as we judge by outward appearance, a clean house, clean and tidy children, and wife, cannot be in distress, especially if his foolish pride will rather permit him to half starve himself, so that he may preserve his little fur niture ; and this man, because he complains not, asks from the parish no assistance, may be much nearer starvation than clamorous complaint or disgusting dirt,—the one who ought to be an object that the wealthy should be glad to assist, is passed by, and the other grovelling in dirt and squalor, receives sympathy for his laziness and cunning. Where is there one more worthy of as sistance than an honest, industrious man, eager for work, but through the depression of trade, or other causes, unable to obtain it, and who would rather starve than either apply to the parish or beg ? ANNUAL DINNER OF THE ROYAL MERSEY YACHT CLUB.—On Wednesday evening the members of the R.M.Y.C. dined together in their club rooms, Duke street, in commemoration of the close of the yachting season for the year, which, on the whole, was highly successful. There was a good attendance, though (owing to the previous engagements of members elsewhere,) not quite so numerous as on the same occasion last year. The commodore, Thomas Littledale, Esq., presided ; Mr. Fletcher, the cup-bearer, occupied the vice -chair, both being supported by the principal officers of the club. The dining-room was decorated with flags, and numerous beautiful models of yachts, ships, marine views, charts, &c. The dinner, dessert, and wines, (provided by Mr. Fisk,) were all excellent, and included many rarefies. The tables were enriched by many prize cups. A good corps of glee singers were present, and enlivened the pro ceedings by appropriate songs. The toasts, as a matter of course, commenced with " The Queen, the Patroness of the Club," followed by the other branches of the Royal Family, to all of which due honours were awarded. The toast, "The Army and Navy" was ably responded to by Lieut. Ward. Mr. Mold replied to " Prosperity to the Town and Trade of Liverpool" in very happy terms, exhibiting its rapid rise, within a comparatively short period, from a fishing village, to the dignity of one of the greatest emporiums of trade in the world. He alluded to fhc energies of the inhabitants, and augured that the day was not distant when she would become as high in the Yachting as in the commercial world. The toast of " All the Royal Yacht Clubs," was enthusiastically received, and ably responded to by the hon. secretary. " The absent Members" was also hail e d w ith app l ause , with ex pressions of regret at their absence. The commodore, in proposing " Success to the next Yachting Season," ex pressed a confidence that many new boats would join them, and he wished them as much success as those that had pre ceded them. For himself, his own vessel had not been quite so lucky in racing as he would wish ; but he had often had the pleasure of meeting delightful company on board, which compensated for all. (Hear.) The health of the honorary secretary, Mr. Melling, was proposed by the commodore, who highly complimented that gentleman for his long continued and unwearied exertions in behalf of the club. Mr. Melling modestly replied, stating that any successful efforts of his were mainly due to the co operation and kindness of the many friends around him. The health of the vice commodore, Captain Holt, (now in Hull,) was received with much applause, and the expres sion of a hope that he would return, and resume his effi cient position in the club. Other toasts following, blended with sentiment and song, the evening was spent in a truly delightful manner. One of the main features of the pro.. ceedings was the commencement of a fund towards a Grand Challenge Cup, for all Royal Yachts, and fifty guineas were immediately subscribed in the room, a sum which will no doubt be greatly enlarged at the next monthly meeting.