The Sun. — London, England, 1857-04-13 00:00:00

0" L TO A N- N w rig. S OPEN EXETER G RAND VERDI T, FESTIVAL at, _n;,~,t eIREAP GLOBE, LEICESTER-SQUARE.- • MORA 3IAS ot the CITIEA awl RIVERA ot EUROPE, the ALFA. MONT BLANC, the RHINE, and , WI ZERLA.NI), CRIMEA. Fce., and of RUSSIA N LIFE and S.'ENERY, un 12, 1,6, and 8. Admiss lon to the whole building, One Shining. R. W. S. WOODIN'S OLIO of ODDITIES, with tew Costumes and v irious Novelties, Tocal and Chi, racterisile. eve) y evening (except Saturday) at Eight. A NtORN ING PERFOR KANCE every SA.TURDAY, at Three. Private Boxes and Stalls may • be secured, without extra charge, at the Box-office, Polygraphic-ha 11, King William-street, Charing-cross. The hall has ,been entirely rc decorated. ORDO N CUMMING will give his popular Pictori at and Musical ENTERTAINMENT illustrative of his ADVENTL tRES in SOUTH AFRICA every evening (except Saturday) at F . A MORNING REPRESPiNTa TION on 5.4 TUR DAY, at 3 O'( lock. The Lion Hunter's Bush People will appear in their Native. Dances. Piano, by Mr. Harries Wilson. Admission, Is. and 2s. ; Si ails, 35.-232, Piccadilly. OYAL ARGYLL ROOMS. -LAIIRE NT'S C AMR), Great Windmill-street, Haymarket—Great suc cess of the Ron taneff Waltz and the Lancers, every evening, with Laurent's Gra ad Orchestra of Forty of the first artistes of London. Principal Con tet-a-piston, M. Boulcourt. I)norq ODPII at half-past eight, eommen :e at nine. The Lancers will be danced at half-pa,t ten. Admissic p One :billing. R OYAL GARDEIS, CREMORNE.—This Evening' (Monday) the extens've, and without parallel, mcst beautiful grounds in the Metropolis, will be thrown open to the pubic at Tbree o'clock, from which hour until the close, a con stant succession of enlivening entertainments will be produced. Selections by the Military Band, Al Fresco Amusements, Vocal and Instrumental eon'erts, New' Ballet, entitled the " ystic Branch," Negro Melodlits, Drawing-room Entertainments, new eosmoramic Views, Dancing on the Illuminated Platform to Bostsio's Baud, Fireworks by Mortram, &c., &c. Admission, Is. THE GREAT TOBACCO CONTROVERSY. Dr. SEXTON will LECTURE en this Important topic daily at 3 and half-past 7 p.m., at Dr. KAHN'S MUSEUM, No. 4. Coven try street, Leicester-square. The Museum, which now stands wholly unrivaled in the world, arid the jarity and completeness of whose e,onterts have already acquired ffSr it an European reputation, and •btaited the warm commendation of the p,ress in this and other coun tries, is Open daily, for Gentlemen rn v, ream 10 to 10. A new Lectare is delivered by Dr. it AHN at half-past 8 p.m. precisely. Ad mission, One ' , billing. Descriptive Catalogues of the Museum, con taining Lectures as delivered by Dr. Khan, gratis to the visitors. QLOGNE - CHORAL UNION.— •• DER RoLNER 3 , 1 A 11 , 11 , :11 GESANG VEREIN (80 Men 'Voices) HANOTER-SQUARE ROOMS. Mr. mIrcHELL respect ffiUy in reply to numerous and continual inquiries, it is at length arranged that the above distb , guished Society will again visit London, and will have the honour of giving a THIRD .FRIES of CONCE itTS, under the direction of Herr FRANZ WEBER, com mencing at the Hanover-square licom, on Monday, A fterncen, May 25, from half-past .3 to p o'clock. It is also res,'eefully an mounced, that owing to the positive necessity for their return to Cologne, on or before the Sth of June. the Concerts to be given by the Society in th.s country cannot possibly be prolonged beyond a fortnight. Subscriptions will' be received as formerly—Reserved Seats, for Six Concerts, 2 guineas ; Single Reserved Seats, 10s, 6d. ; Unreserved Seats, ss. ; which may be obtained at Mr. MIT CHELL'S Royal Library, 33, Old Rond-street. Many of the Pieces sung by the Society, by Silcher and other popular Composers, are in course of publication. - METROPOLITAN COUNTIES and GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 27, Regent atreet, Waterleo-place, London. Capital, 100,0001. TII.I7BTEES. Bt. Tin. Spencer H. Walpole,M.P. I Richard Spooner, Esq., M P. Henry Peter Fuller, Esq. E. Vansittart Neale, Esq. Life Assurance brainess transacted in all its branches. N.B. The bonus declared ‘. , t the last division of profits averaged 23 per cent. on all the premiums paid. F: FERGUSON CAMROUX, Manager. S TATE FIRE INSURANCE, No. 3, Pall-mall East, London, S.W. Incorporated by Act of Parliament. Capital 500,0001., with power to increase to 2,000.0001. Every description of Fire Insurance accepted at moderate rates. Existing Policies falling due at the last Quarter Day may be trausferred to this Company tree of charge, beyond the premium, and duty. Claims settled with promptitude and bbe-ality. PETER MORRISON, managing Director BANK OF LONDON, Threadneedle-street, and 450, West Strand. CIRCULAR NOTE and LETTERS of CREDIT, free of expanse, are issued by this Bank, payable y its Correspondents in ail the Principal Cities and Towns on the Continent of Europe, in the British Colonies and Dependencies, and in Foreign Parts. DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS.—The Bank of England having raised the discount rate to £N per cent , this Bonk now allows £5 i per cent. Interest on sums dep,sited with three days' notics of withdrawal CURRENT ACCOUNTS are received with allowance of interest to customers, and every description of legitimate banking business undertaken. By order. MATTHEW MARSHALL. Jan., Manager. BENJAMIN SCOTT, Secretary. Threadaeedle-street, April 6, 1857. CANCER HOSPITAL, London and West Brompton.—Secretary's Office, 167. Piccadilly..-This Institu tion has been established exclusively for the treatment of the poor afflicted with cancerous diseases. Out-door patients to attend at 167, P iccadilly, on Tuesdays, at 2 o'clock. In-door patients are admitted at the Brompton Establishment, for one month, and for a longer P eri od if recommended by the medical officers. The number of per sons under treatment as in or out-door patients have averaged for the last three . years about 400 cases each year. Since the foundation of this Hospital in 1851, 1,799 poor persons, suffering under every form of this dreadful malady, have received the benefits of this Charlty. A Weekly Board manage its affairs, and every informa tion connected with the Institution may be obtained on application to the Secretary.. Contributions to enable the Committee to continue this great work of benevolence are urgently solicited, and Tnziy Paid to William Loxham Farrar, Esq., the Treasurer. 66, Lincoln's- Inn-fields ; Messrs. Coutts and Co., Strand ; and at the Secretary's Offices, 167, Piccadilly. _ _ By onier, W. J. COCKER= Secretary. ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road. Patron—The QUEEN.— Founded 1525. The sick poor are admitted on their own application alone; no re- Commendation is required. During the past month the following number received the benefits of this Charity. either as out or in-door patients, on their personal anolicationt— mm Week ending 7th February 2,095 Ditto 14th February Ditto 21st February 2,650 Ditto 28th February ; c- .'Total in February •... • 9,986 if which 3,379 were new cases, the remainder (still under treat ment) having been admitted previously. The clergy of all denominations have unlimited access to the patients. Heavy expenses are inevitably incurred in affording such exten sive relief. The Committee, therefore, earnestly entreat the aid of the public. The management of the Hospital is in the hands of 30 Governors, yearly elected from the general list of subscribers, at the Annum' tieneral Meeting in January. A Board is held every Thursday, at 4 o'clock (Rev. J. B. Owen, Chairman), to conduct the business, when any subscriber may attend, if so disposed, the Board tieing at all times desirous of receiving suggestions or giving explanation. The ITospital is not endowed, but is wholly dependent on volun tary contributions and legacies, which are received by the Treasurer, John Masterman, Esq., M.P., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co. ; Drummond and Co.; Berries and Co.; Ramon) and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co.; Glyn and Cu. ; Jones Loyd and Co.; Barclay and Co.; Denison and Co.; Williams, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nisbet and Co., Ber ners-street ; Masterman and Co. ; and at the Hospital. Clothing for the destitute patients will be thankfully received. By order. J. B. OWEN, M.A., Chairman. (N ~ 20,22;30 PUBLICATIONS. Now ready at all the libraries, in 3 vols., VrARGUERITE'S fi Py MIS. V. F. STEWARD. LEGACY. " Mrs. Steward's nave', of Marguerite's Legacy,' is a eeyer and skilful composition— a well-constructed and well-told tale."—Spec tator. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors t) Henry Colburn. A FIELD OFFICER'S ACCOUNT OF BERMUDA. Just published, in I vol. Bvo., with a ➢fap and 8 Illustrations in Lithotint, price 12s. Gd., cloth, BERMUDA, a COLONY, a FORTRESS, and a PRISON; or, Eighteen Months ix the Somers Islands. By a FIELD OFFICER " The ' Field Officer' has turned an eighteen months' residence in Bermuia to a very good purpose. In an agreeable and lively sketch of these islands, which constitute ono of the oldest of British Colo nic-, he conveys a large amount of authentic information. The details respecting the convict system will be . read with interest." — Morning Post. Just published, ilrlee 2d., Part 11. of FEIST'S RACING RECORD, containing a complete CALENDAR of SPORT, from the Ist of January to the day of publication. Edited by ALBERT FEIST- Editor of the Turf Department of the "Sunday Times," and Reporter of Sporting Intelligence to the Lotulon daily papers, &c. Parts I. and If. may be obtained, neatly boned in cloth, price ed., or stitched in a neat wrapper, price 4d. Printe I and published, on the Ist of each month. by William Wright; sportier Printer and fublisher, Fulwood- rents, llolborn. Just published, price 2d., or post free 3d., the 102 d Edition of THE NATURAL REGENERATOR of the DIGESTIVE ORGANS, the STOMACH, LIV Mt. NERVES; LUNGS, &c., without Medicine, Galvanism, Electricity, inconve nience, and expense, by an easy, natural, 'pleasant, and infallible remedy,..whichsaies fifty times its cost in other means of cure. Supported by testimonials from the celebrate .1 Professor of Che mistry, Dr. Andrew Tire ; Dr. Shorland ; Dr,. Harvey; Dr. Camp bell; Dr. Gattilser ; Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Ingram; Lord .Stuart de Decies ; the Dowager Countess ofCastle-Stuart ;•Major-Gen. Thomas King, and many other respectable persons, whose health has been, restored by it, after all other means of cure had failtd. Londou : Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street. Just published, price 55., by post free, ss. 6d., ON STRICTURE OF THE URETHRA : Its PATHOLOGY and RATIONAL TREATMENT. Illus trated by numerous Cases selected from the Records of upwards of Twenty Years' extensive and successful Practice, and which embrace every variety of Urethral Contraction, together with appropriate Means of Cure. By F. B. COURTENAY, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. H. Bailllere, 219, Regent-street. _ "We believe Mr. CourtenOy's experience in the treatment of stricture to have equalled, if It has not exceeded, that of any of his contemporaries; whilst we most certainly know of no man to whose care we would sooner intrust the treatment of a severe case of stric ture."—Medical Circular. ONDON INSTITUTION, April Bth,• 1857. A —Notice is hereby given that the CON VERSAZIONE ae nounced to take place on the evening of Wednesday, April 15th, has been pogponed to Wednesday the 22d inst., when ROBERT WAR RINGTON, Esq., F.C.S., will deliver a lectUre on the AQUA RIUM. By order. F. E. GREE:sTAViTAT, Assistant Secetary, KJ ECIJRE INVESTMENTS.—Messrs. R. HURLEY and Co., 4R, Threadneedle- street, sworn Stock, Share, and Mining Brokers, wi li be happy to forward a list of carefully selected Securities, paying good dividends, to those who may favour them with their tautness, and to advise them on the safest mode of Investing their capital. Business transacted in the Engash Funds at 1-16th per cent., and in all Stocks, Railway and Mining Shares, on the most reasonable terms. A selected list of dividend-paying (from 12 to 20 per cent.) and progressive mines to be had personally or per letter. L ONDON, HARWICH, and CONTINENTAL STEAM PACKET COMPANY (Limited). LONDON to ROTTERDAM in TWELVE HOURS by the NEW ROUTE to the Continent, forming the connecting lilik betwuen the Dutch Rhenish and the Eastern Counties Railways. The St - e.mers of this Company will commence running - between HARWICH and ROTTERDAM, with passenger , and goods, on SATURDAY, April rb. ' For ((tither particulars as to freight, &c , apply at the Company's offices, 44, Mooreate-street (E.C.); of Ohver John W'lliams, Esq., Harwich; and of H. P. Maples,lhipping agent to the Company, 4, Arthur-street East (E.C.) CONTRACT FOR LIGHTERAGE IN THE RIVER THAMES. Department of the Coniptroller for Victualling, Somerset-place, 9th April, 1857. r PRE Commissioners for Executing the Office of Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain , nd Ireland do hereby give notice, that on THURSDAY, the 23d instant, at One o'clock, they will be ready to treat with such persons as may he willing to Contract for performing, for 12 months certain, from the 25th May next, and afterwards until the expiration of 3 months warning, all such LTGrITER AGE, between Woolwich and Nine Elms Railway Station. above Vauxhall bridge (both inclusive) as shall from time to time be required by the Superintendent of her Majesty's Victualling Yard at Deptford The conditions of the revis‘d contrast may be seen at the said office. No tender will be received after one o'clock on the day of treaty, nor any noticed unless made on the printed form provided for the purpose, and which may be obtained on application at the said Every tender must be addressedto the Secretary of the Admiralty. and bear in the left-hand corner the words "Tender for Lighterage," and must also be delivered at Somerset-place. BETTS'S PATENT BRANDY has ever since its Inttod action to the public been recognised, both by scientific men and the trade, as the best article ever manufactured in this c mntry. Its claims 'o such pre-eminence are based upon its unri valled purity, and its cicser assimilation than any other to the flavour of the finest Champagne Brandy. There has been no Brandy made from 'wine in France, either in the present year or in the preceding one. Owing to the successive failures of their vintages, the French wine grower gets a higher price for his wane. cimsnmed as such, than he can realise by its being distilled Into Brandy ; and forasmuch as the foreign Brandy of recent impor tations is but the product of British grain and beetroot spirits, the prestige hitherto exclusively enjoyed by French Brandy as having been distille t from a particular French wine no longer exists, end is no longer worthily assignable to it now that it i. bunglingly made from other materials. The supply of wine for distillation into Brandy having failed, the French distiller is constrained to recur to a manu facture In which he needs the quarter of a century's experience which has been exercised upon that of BE ITS'S PATENT BRANDY, to,render his article r. spectably competitive, and he has not had it. Under these circumstances the Messrs. Betts challenge that their PATENT BRANDY is superior to any now Made abroad. It is to the interest of the public and the Messrs. Betts that these facts should be widely sprrad, for recent importations are of a quality so inferior as to di grace the name they bear, and are twice the price of BETTS'S PA !ENT BRANDY, which is supplied by the trade, in capsuled bottles, to private familie• In any quan tity, down to the single bottle. Excise regutations prevent its sale rom the Distillery, 7, Smithfield-bars, St. John-street, in any less quantity than two gallons. y Authority of the French Consul-Cleneral.—Notice Is hereby given, that the following SALE of PRESERVED BEEF will be the last on account of the French Government. SALE of FRENCH COMMISSARIAT ► SURPLUS STORES, conshlting of PRESERVED BOILED BEEF, of English, Scotch, and Irish marufacture, in tin canisters of about 6 lb. each, and packed in wooden boxes containing I / tins.— Mr. ALEXE. COCK E has been honoured with instructions to Sell by Auction, at the L mdon Commercial Sale Rooms, mincing-lane, on an early date In April next, of which due notice will be given, several parcels of the above description of Prneisions, composed of the manu facture of the following celebrated firms, viz , Messrs. Henry Powell and Sons, London; Messrs. John M'Call and Co,, London ; Messrs. John Moir and Son,Aberdeen Messrs. D. Hogarth and Co., Aberdeen; and Messrs. John Gillon and Co , Leith. ste rs, th t h e e fa w c h t t o h f e w b h e i e c f h h w av ill in g b e b s e e e l n e c o t r e i d g l a n n al, y r e m pl a a n ce n d . All the boxes for sale a re b e in g opened and carefully examined for o damaced canisters,d fbayctusroeudndin ones; the under strict inspection, expressly for the use of the troops in the Crimea, where it gave the highest satisfaction, added to its being perfectly free from defective tins, will give every assurance to buyers of its excellent quality and fitness either for home consumption or exportation. Packages included in the pur chase. The several parcels of beef for sale are now cn view at Beal's wharf, Mill-lane, Teoley-street, where purchasers may satisfs- them selves that everycare is being taken in removing from the boxes all canisters unlit for use. Any further information required can be obtained at the office of Mr. Cooke, 2, Old Trinity House, Water-lane, Tower-street, where catalogues may be had six days previous to the sale, at the following places, viz.:— Commercial Sale Rooms, Mincing-lane; Cern Exchange, Garraway's, Coffeehouses; Baltic, and Jerusalem Also at the news rooms of the principal inland towns and outports The sale will commence punctually at the time stated. TUE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY. Just published, price Is., post free, in an Envelope, for 13 stamps, SE LF -PRE SERVATION.—A Medical. Treatise on the cure of Nervows and Generative Debility, resulting f ro m vicious habits acquired during the critical passage nom youth to p racti cal observations on t h e P h ysiology of Mar riage in sec i i t a h l, moral, and physical relation, and remarks on the wonder. of the Microscope in rev ea li ng the hidden mysteries " of a life within life,' and it' utility i n urinary examination in detecting the cause and effect of every variety of thes e complaints, with nume rous engravin w gs and cases:. I — —,_ lIE BY g. LART, ALD I 37, BEDFORD SQU ARE, LO DON, to point out t , he fe.arful Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh,Honora ry •Member of the London Hospital medical Society, h clo it , r & ei c it . i ,: ; Licentiate of A l h p e ot e h s e s c e tr i t i e a s; con sequences resulting from-certain habits, irregul ar i ties which have produced more misery in Youth, o ll bj all ect . L og degradation in Man hood, and premature decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, other class of dis use known to modern patho'ogists. its peross a l n i y s particularly recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts of their phys c4l c-ndition, end who are conscious of having hazarded the health, happiness, and privileges to'which every human being is entitled . . It is absolutely - necessary that all men should know that there are principles of personal management which cannot be violated 'with out incurring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret suc ceed the heyday of inconsiderate self-indulgence, how those penalties may be mitigated, how the sting of their bitterness may be removed, and how the evil and its consequences may be:avoided, and, above all, that there is scarcely any degree of -phj steal infirmity or functional derangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure. Published by Sherwood and Co. 23, Paternoster•row and may be bad of Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; Mine, 19, Leicester square ; Gcrdon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; or from the Author, who may be consulted daily, from 11 ti 11.2, and from 5 tillB, at his resi dence, 37, Bedford square, London. The work may be had in India, of Mr. Von Litzky, Loll Bazaar ; Calcutta—Messrs. C. and J. Hormusjee, Apo'io-street ; Bombay— Circulator Office ; Madras—Merussilite Office ; Agra—Dodsworth ; 1 Colombo, Ceylon; and of all Dookselfers.throughout the Colonies. /~~~ ~,~- f ; ~iGG-~ TIDE 4~ 61/:1- 4-'144) . , SCA SPAPER A - mkinro - . : i • , • • • tA+ LIVER Ps • • - - 4* - &EA z e _ \4 . f ' • \ czm i , 4. - . r, I ';4 .r a r t` , r • , ~14 1 -- ~O er A f yx ~ .. • • ' tD, . 00 , !) < kr e4t fia - • ,v . . DPUMT.6 . .1645-1"4"14&-' - •. , N. 4. NS- ) 41 9 r a ciP ~~ ~ C, z [P lum 4 D . STAMPED 5D The Royal Mail steamship. Pion, has arrived with advices the Ist iust., and $345,000. The Arago ; the Europa, the C. the New York, and the Clyde bad al. It is stated that Lord Napier had been in com munication with the United States' Government upon the China question, with the design of effect ing a tripartite alliance of England, France, and the United States for the protection of mutual in terests, and the extension of commerce and. civilisa tion in that quarter. In New Mexico the Indians were committing murders and depredations. An American judge, named Hoopin, had been killed. The Albany Argus states Mr M. Schoemaker, controller of the Central Railway, was a defaulter to the extent of nearly $50,090. The Illinois had arrived at New York with the California mails of the sth ult., and $1,350,000. The Supreme Court of California had reiterated its former opinion in regard to the unconstitution ality of all the State debt over 300,000, and had further declared that the Legislature possessed no power to impose taxes for the payment of the in terest. The feeling of the people• was strongly ' against repudiation. The 'Legislature had passed a concurrent resolution, almost unanimously de claring that the debt should be paid in good faith, and that immediate provision for the repayment ought to be made. The miners were doing well. Money was tight. The advices from Central America state that San Salvador was making vigorous efforts to strengthen her forces, both naval and military, and put her coast line in a state of defence. General Belloso had been superseded in his command of the troops of that republic, and General Cabanas, ex-President of Honduras, appointed in his place. It was said that Walker had lost 300 men since the Ist Febru ary. The Sierra Nevada bad brought down a quantity of provisions for his army. The allied officers were much divided in council, and bad also lost many men. The Costa Ricans had shipped a number of Walker's deserters to the United States. These men had published an address to the soldiers still serving with the Filibusters, advising them to give up the cause in Nicaragua. From Walker there is no reliable news. The New York Times says : " Our advices from Central America state that a wholesale desertion of 126 men from General Walker's camp has taken place. From their statements it appears that the Filibuster chief is in a most desperate strait—hopeless beyond redemption. He is still at Rivas, with a reduced force of from 300 to 400 men, while the allies, reinforced to the extent of some 5,000 men, had surrounded him, to complete his destruc tion. We further receive the very important in formation that a partition of Nicaragua has been arranged by a convention at a session at San Mi guel, in the Republic of San Salvador ; and it has been determined to divide the State between Costa Rica, Honduras, and San Salvador. The Nicara guans consent to the arrangement. Their dismem ered country will be garrisoned by troops from the neighbouring States to preserve order, and after a specified time it will be reunited, and placed once more in a position of an independent Republic. We learn a fact now for the first time made public, that on the 22d Dec. last the national Nicaraguan Government issued a decree revoking all the acts of the Walker Government from the 4th Nov., 1855, to the 12th June 1856, including the decree re voking the charter of the old accessory Transit Company. A telegraphic despatch from New Orleans, dated the 31st ult., says : " It is stited upon good authority that, instead of the purchases of Lower California and Sonora, our Government will conciliate the South by pay ing the designated sum of $15,000,000 for the Isth mus of Tehuantepec. It is also rumoured that Se nator Benjamin has been offered an appointment fur the purpose of accomplishing this purchase." Another despatch says "It is rumoured that an expedition is fitting out here for some point in Central A mer i ca . It is supposed to be the intention to make the first de monstration on Veragua, a province of New Gra nada, between Costa Rica and Panama. The ,ex apne d d t t i h o a n t is i t said a t o e t b i e n friendly t w t t h General ItWalkis al e s r o , reported that a Provisional Government has been formed, and that there are considerable funds raised." sessors to a preference 4n the choice of places when the regular tickets are issued, has been far greater than was even anticipated. We shall fur ther report progress as occasion offers. THE RUSSIAN ARMY. (Frok'a Correspondent . of the Times.) BBILLIN, APRIL B.—The six armee corps, as the six infantry corps are now ealled,, ware mentioned in a preceding letter as composing the "First Army -; ' there is, however, no longer any " Second Army," and all bodies of troops not directly at tached to this first main army are designated as " separate corps." The former terms, "Active," "Central," "West," and "South Army," have ceased to have any significance or application, since all have been .united with the name of First Army, under the - command-in-chief of Prince Michael Dmitriewitsch Gortschakoff 1., Adjutant-General, General of Ar.illery, and Stadtholder of Poland. The propriety of superseding the designation of infantry corps with that of armee ;corps seems to have been induced by the cirgonmstance of the additional brigade of dragoons having been at tached to it, by which alteration the propor tion of cavalry to infantry in a regular armee corps—viz., six regiments of horse, to 12, regiments of foot—has been attained. The union of the Guard and of the Grenadier corps under one common commander has also been done away with ; and each of these bodies of troops forms now a " separate corps." The higher charges in the army altogether, and more particularly the enormous.staffs with which they were accompanied have been.very muOh eimplified. The post of com mander of brigades, whether of infantry or of cavalry, has been abolished throughout the army, with the exception of the separate corps in the Caucasus, where they are still filled by major generals. . The generals of brigade have been at tached to the generals of armee corps and divisions as assistant-generals (Pomoschtschik), and subor dinated to them. There is at least one su c h Po moschtscbik attached t o every division of infantry, and to every division of light cavalry two, a senior and junior Pomoschtschik. In addition to the sim plification of the routine of business thus attained the retrenchment of expense must also be very con siderable, for there are about 80 posts of Brigadier- Generals thus swept' away, together with their bureaux, adjutants, orderlies, rations, &c. In addition to the Assistant-Generals, each divi sion'of infantry and cavalry has a chef of the staff, under whose control the staff of the division with the usual personnel stands ; on the other hand, the very numerous staffs that were formerly attached to each armee corps, have been abolished, and thus the Commauder of Division has become much more independent. Throughout all the changes in this branch of the service the intention is apparent— by the staffs ; while, on the other hand, the m;li t try command is exercised much more directly, and is not so liable to be weakened by intervening in stances. There have also been changes effected in the separate Caucasian corps ; the Brigade of Caucasian Grenadiers of the Reserve has been extended into a division of Caucasian Grenadiers ; the former con si.ted of a regiment of Grenadiers and one of Cara bine3rs, but the latter consisted of four regiments of Grenadiers. The two regiments here added have been formed out of the 41st and 42d regiments of infantry, whiCh composed the 2d Brigade of the 2 lst Division of Infantry ; and in the places of these latter the two new regiments " Crimea" and "Se bastopol" have been raised. The total number of re giments of infantry thus remains unchanged—viz., 84. With regard to the frontier battalions attached to this corp 3 (Grusiani Black Sea, and Caucasian), it is to be noticed that 'the 16 , battalions Black Sea have been reduced to six; but whether this has been occasioned by losses during the war or by draughting the men off into the two newregiments, Crimea and Sebastopol, is not clear. The reserve, which has been thrown into abeyance throughout the rest of the army, is still kin full force in this " separate corps." It consists of a reserve brigade of Grenadiers, a reserve brigade of infantry for each of the 19th, 20th, and 21st Divisions of Infan try, and a half-brigade for the VT frontier batta lions. The existence of the reserve battalion of Rifles in the separate Caucasian corps has already boen mentionel A carriage -road is reported to have been opened across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. At Havanuah on the 25th ult. sugarhad advanced in price; the stock at Matanzas and Havannah amounted to 185,000 boxes. More than 90 vessels had arrived at Havannah during the four days pre ceding, and consequently freights had declined. The Government, in consideration of the scarcity caused by the drought during the past season, had reduced the duty on corn one-third. With a full supply of the article on hand prices had declined. The Spanish ships of war were being overhauled and taking in provisions preparatory to setting out for Vera Cruz. While speaking of the frontier battalions, it may be mentioned that of late two Cronstadt frontier battalions have been raised and attached to the Guard ; hut there still exist, as before, 10 batta lions Orenbu rg , 12 Sib er i an, and 4 East Siberian— all attached to the respective separate corps. On the other hand, the former 22 Finland battalions have been reduced to 10. In all these frontier bat talions the hitherto existing organisation of brigade has been retained.. On the whole, although a considerable number of new regiments have been formed, it does not appear that any material increase has taken place in the Rus.dan standing army ; on the other hand, the reserve and supplem en t ar y bodies of troops which had been rased for the term of the war have all peen disbanded, and of this whole reserve force there exists now in conne tion with each armee corps only the cadre, or skeleton, of a division of reserve infantry under the command of a lieutenant general, with a major -general as his deputy or assis tant. The sole exception to this is formed by the , divisions of Artillery, which still retain their re serve brigades extant and active. The 12 reserve regiments of the Infantry of the Guard, .12 ditto Grenadiers, each consisting of three battalions, together with the 84 reserve regiments of infantry (First Army), each consisting of two reserve and two supplementary battalions, making altogether 408 battalions, have all been disbanded. To these latter must be added the reserves of the different kinds of cavalry and the whole militia of the empire. But, although the troops of the reserve have been dis banded, the system of the reserve organisation has not been abandoned, but, on the contrary, retained, and every care is being bestowed on it to bring it, if possible, to perfection. On the whole this system is considered in Russia to have worked well ; such imperfections as have shown themselves are not looked on as outweighing the many great advan tages it offers—such, for instance, as the facilities it gives for forming new battalions for the Active Army. _ . Many cane fields had been burnt; The guano islands on the Keys, south of Havannah, had proved, on analysis, to be destitute of ammonia. At New York trade was dull. Money was active at 7 per cent. on call, and 8 to 10 per cent. for first-class paper. The Bank returns for the fortnight showed a decrease in loans of $366,964, and an in crease of $248,000 in specie. For State stocks prices were generally steady. There had been large trans actions in Missouri Sixes at 84i to 83/, and a moderate business in Virginia Sixes at 911 to 92 ; North Carolina Sixes, at 911 to 93 ; Tennessee, 87 ; Indiana Fives, at 84 to 83 ; Illinois Interest Stock, at 86 to 90 ; in railroad bonds the market has been without activity, and prices were slightly lower. In exchange a large business has been done for the Africa, and prices in general left off firm. Ex change on London, 8 to 81. The cotton market, under an ificreasel demand for home spinning, and a fair inquiry for export, has slightly hardened, and prices may be quoted ith better. There were very few samples of cotton on sale, and the market closed buoyant ; the stock moderate, and consists chi,fly of qualities below middling, for which there is not much demand. The continued discouraging European &dykes had further affected the market for flour, and with fair receipts, which had been offered freely, prices had declined 15 to 25 cents. Tobacco was inactive. Iron was in demand and prices rising ; freights were easier. At New Orleans on the 31st cotton was quiet. SHIPPING. 0! - ie of my informants, to whom I am indebted for the above particulars of the changes that have taken place of late in the external organisation of the Russian army, assures me further that a no less remarkable change has taken place in the morale of the army. The intellectual activity of the military, in common with the general spirit of the whole nation, is desaihed as in a state of rapid develop ment, and the army is said to have already arrived at a consciousness of its having entered upon a new phase of its history. The Don Diego (iron ship) made an extraordi nary passage from this port to Valparaiso in 64 days. The brig Cuba arrived in Valparaiso from Shields in 151 days. Reported that the Lord John Ben tinck, from Shields for San Francisco, had been lost. Of the crew, 16 men were saved by the Cuba and taken. to the Malvinas Islands. The Pocahontas, Cotter, Carlyle, Simpson, and Charlotte Soule, hence, arrived at New Orleans. The Majestic, hence, has arrived at Boston. The America, Clarissa, Bird, Lady Franklin, American Union, Albion, and Rattler have ar rived at New York. TEACHING lIIS GEANDMOTHEII.—" Yon see, grand mother, we perforate an aperture in the aper, and a corresponding aperture in the base, and, by applying the egg to the lips, and forcibly inhaling the breath, the shell is entirely discharged of its contents." "Bless m y soul," cried the old lady, "what wonderful improve. ments they do make t Now, in my young days, they just made a hole in both ends and sucked." ftl'aurinsaaromits.—On the evening of Good Friday about half-past seven o'clock, a thunderstorm burst over Wakefield and the surrounding townships. The thunder claps were accompanied by vivid flashes of lightning and heavy rain. The rain for the last week or two has been so incessant as to ca use th e r i vers and streams to over flow the i r banks. O a W estgate-common, the lower portion of Wak e fi e ld, t h e ground floors of the houses wereinundated, driving the inhabitants to the ripper storeys. About 50 or 60 yards of a strong brick wall in front of Messrs. Marriott's mill was completely swept away, and articles of household furniture were floating about in the stream. A severe thunderstorm broke over the southern coast of Northumberland on the afternoon of Good Friday. The lightning was very vivid. VACANCIES, APPOINTMENTS, AND PROMOTIONS IM THE CIVIL SERTIOE.—The Admiralty.—A. vacancy has been created in the Storekeeper-General's Department by the retirement, on Pension, of Mr. J. B. Kingdom. Mr. R. D. Brown, Third-class Clerk in thuStorekeeper. General's Office, has been promoted, to the Second Class, vice Easthope, appointed Store Receiver -at Woolwich Yard. Mr. Wilson, late Extra Clerk in t f hp A ccountant, General's Department, has been nominate, Third-class Clerk, vice Brown. The Board of Trade.—Mr. John Lindsay, Principal Coast Officer of Customs at the sub port of Islay, has been appointed to act as Receiver of Wreck under the Collector of Customs at the port of Catnpbeltown. Inland Revenue Department (Stamps and Taxes Branch). —Mr. James Rilby M'Adam has • been appointed a Supernumerary Surveyor of Taxes. Mr. Edward Feweou Small has been a Supernumerary Surveyor. of Taxes. East Indies. —Mr. J. Christie bas been appointed Accounta nt, . and M r . W. J. Rafkr Ci v il Auditor of the Pun jab ; Captain C. Holieyrbali been appointed to officiate as Fi rs t- c l ass Prin. B l atan t to the Commissioner of Assam ; Lieut , has been appointed to officiate as Second-class' Assistant to the Commissioner of Assam ; Mr. : . -taw forth has been appointed a member of the Board of RO• venue ; Mr. A. Grote has been appointed Commiseioner of Revenue and Circuit of the Nuddea Division ; Mr. E. T. Trevor has been appointed Secretary to the Board of Revenue,—Civil !Service Gazette: NO MORE PILLS NOR ANY OTIIER MEDICINE POE, CONSTIPATION, INDIGESTION, DYSPEPSIA, NERVOUS, BILIOUS,. AND LIVER COMPLAINTS, COUGH, ASTHMA, CONSUMPTION, AND DEBILITY. ET BARRY'S delicious HEALTH-RESTOR ING REVALENTA AR ABICA FOOD saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, and cures the above complaints and their consequences, such as hemorrhoidal affections, flatulency, disten sion, acidity, heartburn, palpitation of the heart, nervous headaches, hYste‘da, neuralgia, deafness, noises in the head and ears, pains at the pit of the stomach and between the shoulders, erysipelas, erup tions of the skin, impurities and poverty of the blood. scrofula, dro psy, rheumatism, gout, nausea and sickness during pregnancy, after eating, or at sea ; low spirits, spasms, epileptic fits, spleen, general debility, inquietude, sleeplessness, Involuntary blushing, paralysis, tremors, dislike to society, unfitness for study, loss of me mory, delusions, vertigo, blood to the head, exhaustion, melan choly, groundless fear, wretchedness. It is, moreover, the' best food for infants and invalids generally, as it never turns acid on the weakest stomach, nor interferes with a good liberal diet, but imparts a healthy relish for ln,sch and dinner, and restores the faculty of digestion and nervous and muscular energy to the most enfeebled. Supported by testimonials from the celebrat ed Professor of Chemistry Dr Andrew lire, Dr. Shoriand, Dr . Har ✓ey, Dr. Campbell, Dr. Gattikef, Dr. Wurzer, Dr. Ingram, Lerd Stuart de Decies, the Dowager Countess of Castlestuart, and 50,010 Other well-known individuals, whose health has been restored by this useful and economical diet, after all other means had been tried in vain for many years, and all hopes of recovery abandoned. Analysis by the celebrated Professor of 'Chemistry Andrew Ure M.D., F.R.S., &c., &c. " London, 24, Bloomsbury-square. " I hereby certify, that having examined Du Barry's Revalenta Arablca T find it to be a pure vegetable Farina, perfectly whole some, easily digestible, likely to promote a healthy action of the stomach and bowels, and thereby to counteract dyspepsia (Indiges tion), constipation, and their nervous consequences. ANDREW URE, M.D., &c., Analytical Chemist." Ukase by the Emperor of Russia. Russian Consulate General, London, Dec. 2, 1847. The Consul-General has been ordered to inform .Messrs. Barry, Du Barry and Co., that the Revalenta Arabica they had sent to his Majesty the Emperor, has, by imperial permission, been forwarded to the Minister of the Imperial Palaces. Suitably packed for all climates, and with full instructions. In canisters, Ilb 2s 9d ; 21b 4s 6d ; bib lls , 12Ib 22s ; super refined quality, llb 6s ; 21b Ils ; 51b 22s ; 101 b 335. The 1011) and 121 b canis ters are forwarded carriage free, on receipt of Post-office order. Barry Du Barry and Co.. 77, Regent-street. London; Fortnum, Mason, and Co.. purveyors to her Majesty, 182, Piecadilly , also at CO, Cracechurch-street ; 330 and 451, Strand ; 4, Cheapside ; 68, Cornbill ; 49, Ilishopseate-street; 55, Charing-cross; 54, Upper Baker-street; 63 and 150, ox:ord-street. A NEW AND IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE SCIENCE OF MEDICINE. . Patent Office Seal of Great Britain. Diplome d'Ecole de Pharmacie Pharmacien de Paris. Imperial College of Medicine, Vienna_ TRIESEMAR No. 1,2, and 3, prepared in the form of a lozenge, devoid of taste or smell, and can be carried in the waistcoat pocket. gold in tin cases, divided into separate doses, as administered by Valpeau, Lallemand, Roux, Ricord, &c., &c. TRIESEMAR No. 1 is a Remedy for RE LAXATION, SPERMATORRFREA, and all the distressing consequences arising from early abuse, indiscriminate excesses, or too long residence in hot climates. It has restored bodily and sexual strength and vigour to thousands of debilitated individuals who are now in the enisyment of health and the Functions of Manhood ; and whatever may be the cause for DISQUALIFICATIONS for MAR RIAGE, they are effectually subdued by this Wonderfill Discovery. TRIESEMAR No. 11., effectually, in the short space of three days, completely and entirely eradicates all traces of Gonorrhoea, toth in its mild and aggravated forms, Gleets, Strictures, Irritation of the Blacliler, Non-retention of Urine, Pains of the Loins and Kidneys, and those disorders which Copaivi and Cubebs have so long been thought an antidote for, to the ruin of the health of a vast portion of the population. TRIESEMAR No. 111., is the great Continental Remedy for Syphilis and Secondary Symp. t tins. It also constitutes a certain cure for Scurvy, Scrofula, and all Cutaneous. Eruptions, removing and expelling in its course all corrup tions and impurities from the vital stream, as altogether to eradicate the virus of disease, and expel it with the insensible perspiration through the medium of the pores of the skin and urine, and is a never-failing remedy for that class of disorders which unfortunately the English Physician treats with Mercury, tothe inevitabledQstruc- Hon of the patient's constitution, and which all the sarsaparilla in the world cannot restore. Price ils., or four cases in one for 31s„ which saves 1 Is., and in It. cases, whereby there is q saving of 11.125. To be had wholesale and retail in London, of Derby and Gordon, 140,.Leadenhall - street; Prout, 229, Strand; Hannay and Co., 63, Ox nrd-street ; Sanger, 150, Oxford •street ; Barclay and Son, 97, Far ringdon-street ; Butler and Harding, 4, Cheapside ; Edwards,OSt. Paul's Churchyard. • HUMAN FRAILTY ; a Popular Medical Work, price Is., post free, beautifully illustrated with Ino engravings, and containing the opinions of Valpeau, Lallemana, Roux, If icord, &c. It gives copious instructions for the perfect restoration of those who are prevented by impediments from entering into the married !tate, also showing the dreadful results from early abuse, gonorrima, and syphilis, and the benefits arising from the che m i cal tests and examinadon of the spermatoza, by the author's newly-constructed microscope, with powerful lenses.—Sold by J. Allen, 20, Warwick lane, Paternoter-row ; and from all agents for the sale ol"T r i ese- . Mar.". ' - London: Longman, Brown, Green, 1 on7mans, and Roberts. • Complete in one volume, price 4s. Gd., THE BUTTERFLIES and STOUT-BODIED MOTHS: fbnning the first volume of A MANUAL OF BRITISH BUTTER FLIP. S AND MOTHS. By H. T. SrAINTON, Author of "Jane: a Book for the Country in Summer Time." London: John Tan Voorst, 1, Patertioster-row, E.C. APPETITE AND DIGESTION IMPROVED. LEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE ILA SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops lad all Roast Meat Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Curries, and Salad,, and:by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the stomach to p fleetly digest the food. The daily nseof this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safe -nard to health. Sold by the Proprietors, Lea and Perrins, 19, Fenclaurch-street, London, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester; also by Messrs. Barclay imitations see that the names of "LEA and Sons, Me ssrs. Crosse and Blackwell, and other oilmen and leer •hants, London ; and generally by the principal dealers in sauce. N.B.—To gu ar d against tatioxs and PERRINS" are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. , DEADENING WALLS AND CEILINGS. Meti of ingenuity, lend us your ears. There is no greater nuisance in modern houses than that of the transmission of sound through parti-walls. Any practical, inexpensive, and efficient means of deadening sound will be a great boon. Solid walls and• solid floors transmit sound in the highest de gree. The Metropolitan Building Act provides that all parti-walls shall be solid, and of a certain thickness in proportion to height and length. How is the evil to be overcome ? " For eight years," writes a studious friend to us, " I have occupied a house in London ; an d, d ur i ng the whole of this time, there hive been neighbours having young families. They are musical, and, I must confess, labour most industriously at the scales : morning, noon and night one or other child howls and strums, apparently without making any pro gress." There is no objection to neighbours' children learning music and singing : quite the reverse ; but it is most objectionable that walls should so readily transmit sound, and render the young ladies' efforts so wid e ly known. Some persons always take a corner house, so as to be free from such nuisance on one side at least. Is there no remedy 7 The late Mr. Cubitt hail some trouble at Balmoral with certain floors, and remembered that in taking down an old palace floor ( man y ye ars b e f ore ) , vast quantities of cockle shells fell out from betwixt the joists. These had been used in plugging. The idea was acted upon. Cockles were dredged, and brought : the shells were cleaned, dried, and used, with beneficial effect. The cellular spaces thus produced absorbed sound. Some highly cellular texture may be ap plied to walls, ceiling 4, and floors, which shall resist fire and ordinary decay, allow of finish, and yet deaden sound. Who is to invent and introduce such materials ? They may patent the invention and make a fortune, if they will only abate the existing nuisance, and enable us to have uol id parti walls and fireproof floors without being compelled to hear what is going on up stairs and in the next house.—The Builder.. An extraordinary general meeting of the European and . American Steam Shipping Company (limited) is called for the 22d inst. It is proposed to increase the capital, by issuing preference obareo. LONDON, MuND VENIN G, A PidLL 13, THE ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. On Saturday evening a private view took place of the novelties intended for exhibition at this institution during the Easter holidays, From the programme gone through there is every reason to believe that the institution will upon this occasion lose nothing of the large amount of public patronage which has hitherto always been be stoWed upon it during the holiday season of the year. Mr. Pepper has been indefatigable in his exertions to retnrdel the whole of his entertainments, adding to those which are retained from last season new features of in terest, and supplying the places of others with new sub jects, which, apart from the score of 'novelty, cannot fail to be attractive on the it own merits. Foremost among these is a new feature of daily concerts, which will in future he given in the institution every morning and evening by the celebrated Hungarian band, as sisted in the vocal department by Miss Leffler and Miss 4emmirg. _ _ Mr. Pepper's new lectures upon applied chemistry embrace several interesting subjects, more especially one upon the use and abuse of the fire annihilator, in which the chemical principles involved in that useful though much abused and misunderstood instrument are explained and illustrated by a series of interesting experiments. Another lecture is devoted to the ex planation of Mr. Rose's (of Glasgow) newly invented optical delusion, called the kalotrope. The instru ment exhibited a number - of very curious optical delusions, obtained by taking advantage of the well known fact that an impression produced upon the retina of the eye is retained there for a certain period after. the object itself has passed away. This fact may be observed by any person who swings round a piece of lighted char coal, when it will not appear like a single piece rotat ing, butrwill assume 'the aspect of a circle of fire, the impression produced from every succeeding portion of the circle being retained by the eye at the same time. Advantage.was taken of this phenomenon by Mr. Rose, who contrived nseries of rapidly-rotating wheels, pro vided with a number of different devices. By the rapid re, olution of these many curious and interesting optical effects are - produced. Two new and very interesting seriee of dissolving views are also added to the entertain ments. o.le illustrating China and the localities of the ' present war, which are accompanied by a lucid and interesting lecture .on the manners of the Chinese, by A. E. Spencer, Esq. The lecture derives additional interest from the fact that it clears up many obscure points relative to the civilisation of the Chinese people, which have afforded matter .for considerable discussion lately. The second series illustrates Egypt In the time of the Pharaoh, comprising a series of pictures of the manners and customs of the Egyptians and the Jews at the, time of the captivity. An interesting original description of the pictures, by Mr. Leicester Buck ingham, accompanies the series. The whole of the views are executed by 'Mr. Hine in.the moss artistic style, some of them being works of considerable merit, the perspective in some cases being so perfect as to give them almost' a stereo , conic appearance. A dioramic effect of the Temple of Karnac, gradually growing out of its ruined state into a perfect restoration, is really very cleverly managed. The room in the building which was formally occupied by the ornithologicaaol; lection is now devoted to the exhibition of Steven's luminous chromatic transparencies of China and various perte of Europe. The scenes are very cleverly executed, and are undoubtedly a great addition to the attractions of the place. They were exhibited at the Paris Exhibi- tion 'of 1855. Aniong the recent novelties may be also noticed Lnysel's patent machine for making coffee, which has just been erected in the refreshment depart ment. ' It has long been used both at the Crystal Palace and in Paris, and it is, therefore, unnecessary to give a particular decription of it. Suffice it to say that an almost incredible quantity of either tea or coffee of a very superior quality and flavour can be made in a few minutes. In the case of tea the operation is much facili tated and !the flavour improved by grinding it. This apparatus is used in all the military hospitals of the French army, as it is equally applicable and useful in making decoctions of medicinal herbs, as in making the more homely beverage above mentioned. Altogether the Easter novelties at the Polytechnic this year are of a more diver-e and attractive nature than has hitherto been, attempted at this institution, and they will not ouiy afford amusement and instruction during one but alapy visits. CONVICTION OF BAKERS FOR US.LNG ALUM. On Saturday last, C. Parks, S. Marling, J. Gra ham, and R. Pitla,ke, bakers, all of Croydon, ap appeared on summons before the magistrates as sembled in •petty sessions—viz., T. Byron, Esq. (chairman), 3. W. Sutherland, Esq., and J. Gur• ney, Esq., M.P. for Falmouth, charged with sell ing adulttrated bread. Mr. Dart, inspector of weights and measures, his son, and Sergeant Julian, deposedthat they pnrcbased bread of the defendants, and conveyed it to Dr. Nor mandy, analytical chemist. Dr. Normandy seated that he had analysed the bread produced in all the cases, and that he had found it to contain a large quantity of alum ; he described the process by which he discovered traces of a'um, and stated it to be decidedly injurious to the constitution, and also afforded means to bakers of defrauding the public, as by its aid, it having the property of absorbing water, it increased th e w e i g ht o f b rea d, a dd e d to which it also enabled th e b a k er t o use a commoner flour giving it the a pp eara n ce o f b rea d o f th e fi rst quality, and considerably deteriorated its nutritious propc ties., _ . - The Bench fined all the defendants upwards of 101. each, including costs. Notice of appeal was given in all the cases. Mr. Byron, the chairman, on behalf of the ma gistrates, said they, would persevere in their endea vours to discover who were the adulterators of beer and other articles of food in Croydon. In his report as medical officer of health to the Holborn district,. Dr. S. Gibbon gives the follow ing particulars to enable the purchaser to distin guish a loaf that does not contain alum from one which does :—" Alum increases the whiteness and firmness of the bread made from inferior flour, and thereby causes it to resemble bread made from the very best flour. The qualities which alum imparts to a loaf are very unimportant, having reference inerely.to the appearance, 6 lightness,' neatness, of shape, &c. The . chemical action of alum on mois tened flour is analogous to tanning, and destroys in, a considerable degree its nutritiveness. It converts the gluten' (the most nutritious portion) of the flour into a kind of tough tenacious wash leather,' which is difficult of digestion. This gives the dough a tenacity and firmness, enabling it to retain the thousand of little air bubbles (given off by the yeast) which constitutes t e 'lightness,' or spongy porous character, of the bread. Hence flour that will not 'rise' may be made to do so by means of alum. Another object in the use of alum is that it preserves the upright form of the loaves and pre vents them from adhering firmly together, thereby enabling the baker to separate them more readily on their removal fiom the oven—the 6 batch parts clean,' as the expression is, without tearing. An unalumed loaf is, with a little practice, distinguish able from an alumed one by its appearance alone ; it is wanting in all those peculiarities which I have mentioned as the effects of alum, it is not so bulky, nor so symmetrical in its shape, its sides are rough ened and torn in being separated from the batch. Unalumed bread bites short,' alumed bread_ 'bites tough,' and the rough, sour taste of alum is slightly perceptible in it. The most marked contrast, how ever, is apparent in crumbling,' when a day or two old ; unalumed bread crumbles with the greatest facility by rubbing it - between the hands; whereas alumed bread, however old, crumbles' with -diffi culty. In the same way alum renders the new loaf less liable to crumble when cut. These, then, are the qualities and appearances in a loaf which I re• commend the purchaser to disregard., I am not prepared to say that these points can be fully relied on as tests for the presence ofalum ; chemical tests alone can justify one in declaring positively that a loaf of bread contains alum." The silence of the tel'e;graph from Trieste reSpect ing the Oneida ' • while tnnouncirrg th;e arrival of the Indian mail i n Egypt, shows that the m , ssing Aus tralian mail packet had not arrivedlst Point de Gallo on the 17th ult., nor a:t Aden on tEe 28th ult., nor at Suez on the sth ins''., and she i s - therefore 29 days overdue at all tholie places. As there is only a monthly communication with the Mauritius, we shall not have any news from thr;nce by mail packet until the 26th of this month_ or -the Ist of May. Many naval men are of opinion that the Oneida has broken dOwn and t.ut back tc, A us ' ra li a . It mus t be remembered that only 18 ;days elapsed between. ,he departure of the Oneida and Sinila from Aus tralia. Suppose the foririe r broke down .1,000 miles at sea, - it is not at aproliable that Captain Hyde might consider tha. , % he could get back to Melbourne quicker than he could get to the Mauri tius or Galle, and yet emi6 o at have been unable to reach the first port untilji ast after the departure of the Simla. Great anxie ~y will therefore be felt for the arrival of the Europ eon with the next overland Australian mail, due at Suez on .the 22d of this `month, and the news 'of which will reach England by telegraph from Mr a :seilles about the Ist proximo. It is fully expected,' that the European will be punctual to her, tiro , 9. The mails on board the Oneida consisted off3fiiboxes for England from Mel bourne aloney cont . P. : Ailing 25,000 letters and 34,000 newspapers ; above 1,700 of the letters were registered ones. She also had nearly 1,000 letters for India, some of them valuable - and 'registered ones; as id a - very large mail for Eng land from the . .other Australasian colonies, besides the one frc.r a Melbourne. Altugether, per haps, her mail for England contained not less than 50,000 letters, ma my of them of great value, and 60,000 newspaper,e;. In answer to r a any inquiries with respect to the passengers on board the Oneida, the Australian and IV ew Zealan ! ci? Gazette supplies the following list;—From Syd riey Lady Dowling and servant, Mr. and Mrs. Russell, Mrs. and Miss Wilson, Mr. Moss, Messrs. D.. P. M'Ewan, F. C. Ede, Lawson, E. Norman Bremner, M'Michael, R. L. Garland, - 0. F. Logan Can ipbell, Assistant-Surgeon Popple well. From Melbourne : Mr. J. and Miss Cum ming, Mr. J. Lod Mrs. Nicholson and fatally, Agnes, Euplaemitm, and Lucy. Dawson, Mrs. Taylor and servant, Mr. David and Mrs. Caunan, Mr. Walter, Mrs. and Miss Laura PoWell, Mr. and Mrs. J. Wood skid child, Mr. Alexander Wo o d; Dr. Rankin, .Mss Richardson, Mrs. Reynolds, Messrs.- .A. aitsl H. Hallows, F. Wolk, A. Callon, allurn, C.. M'Donald, Francis Clerk, James Makin, Peter Martin, H. Vantres, George Masen, J. J. Rearden, James Shepherd, Henry Moore, James Laing,' Abbot Adelman, R. H. Jewin, A. Matheuson, George Bartlett, William Gray, Murray Powell, P. M. Bachellor. HANDEL FESTIVAL, CRYSTAL PALACE This important undertaking gradually ad vances, and promises a result which, if the festival Of 1857 is to be simply a preliminary essay, to test the possibility of still greater things in 1859 (the centenary anniversary of Handel's death), will lead to expectations with respect to, the latter by no means easy to realise. During the last few weeks material progress has been made. The metropolitan division of the chorus, appointed under the direction of subcom mittees for each vocal part—these sub-committees receiving aid and counsel from competent profis sional advisers—has terminated in the selection of 1,100 picked voices. Each applicant for a place in the chorus, before being adniitted, has been tried at the pianoforte, the compass and quality of voices, proficiency at sight-reading, and other essential gifts being registered; so as to guarantee the ulti• mate choice of the most efficient. The "1,100" have already passed the ordeal of two rehearsals at Exeter-hall, tinder the superintend ence of Mr. Costa, in choruses of " Israel in Egypt" and " The Mes siah" respectively ; and on Wednesday evening the third oratorio, "Judas Maccabaaus," will be sub mitted to a similar experiment. The effect produced in the first-mentioned oratorios was pronounced by all present to be - more than satisfactory. The provincial branches of the chorus are forming in the principal cities and towns of Great Britain ..under the guidance of professors and amateurs of acknowledged ability. The numbers and distribution of the orchestra are already determined on. There will be 76 first violins, 74 second violins, 50 violas, 50 violoncellos, and 50 double-basses (in all 300 stringed instru ments) ; 9 flutes, 9 oboes, 9 clarioneta, 9 bassoons, 12 horn., 12 trumpets and cornets; 9 trombones, 3 ophicleides, 9 serpents and bass-horns, 3 drums, and 6 side•drums (90 wind instruments)--a force hitherto unprecedented. The organ, constructed expressly for the occasion by Messrs. Gray and Davison, will be one of great power and on an appropriately gigantic scale. The instrument being nearly in a state of completion, the swell and great organs were recentlytried in the manufactory ; but, as there was not space enough even in the very extensive premises of the makers to put up the pedal organ, it could not be heard on that occasion. What was tested, however, was unanimously approved by the connoisseurs present. The organ will occupy a platform in the Crystal Palace of 40 feet wide by 24 deep, which will not only afford sufficient room for the pipes to speak, but ample passage between each division, so that any depart ment of the immense harmbnious structure can be approached without difficulty and at an instant's notice. The employment of "pneumatic" action will insure immediate response to the touch, and thus materially assist_the exertions of the per formance. The erection of the organ at the Crystal • Palace is to begin on Wednesday morning. The weight of the new instrument will be somewhere . about 20 tons, which, as it is to remain a fixture, will demand a platform of the most solid and durable nature. A list of the stops, &c., may probably inte rest the vast number of our readers who are either players upon the organ, or . admirers of it, as the chief instrumental representative of sacred music. We therefore append the following resume, premis ing that it has four rows of keys—CC to A in alt. Great Organ—Double open diapason, 16 feet, double dulciana 16 feet, open diapason 8 feet, flute a Parillon 8, ciaribel flute 8, flute harmonique 8, flute octavianto 4, twelfth 3, super -octavo 2, flageolet harmonique 2. Mix ture, four ranks—Furniture 3, cymbal 5, contra-trom bone 16, posaune 8, trumpet harmonique 8, c!arion 4, octavo-clarion 2. Pedal Organ—Contra-bass 32 feet, open diapason (wood) 16, open diapason (metal) 16, violin 16, octave 8, twelfth 6, super-octave 4. Mixture, four ranks—Contra bombards 32, bombards 16, trumpet 8, clarion 4. Choir Organ—Bourdon 16 feet, gamba 8, salcional 8, voix celeste 8, clarionet 8, gems horn 4, olaribel flute 4, spitz flute 2, piccolo 2. Mixture, three ranks—Cor Ang lais and bafsoon 8, trumpet 8. Swell Organ—Bourdon 16 feet, open diapason 8, vox humana 8, keraulophon 8, concert flute 8, octave 4, flute octavianto 4, twelfth 3, super octave 2. Mixture, four tanks—Furniture 3, piccolo harmonique 2, contra-ra gotta 16, cornopean 8, oboe 8, clarion 4, echo-tromba 8. Tremulants. Solo-Organ.—Flute barmonique, 8 feet, fiate octavi anto, 4. Mixture—two ranks. Corno di ba ssa lt o , 8 ; grand tromba, 8. Couplers. Swells to great manual and to choir. Super-octave and sub-octave—swells to great manual. Choir, octave, and solo, to great manual. Solo, great choir, and swell manuals to pedals. The above will give to those initiated on the sub ject some notion of the extent and variety of this new great work from the manufactory of Messrs. Gray and Davison. Of its absolute quality we ;mist take another occasion to speak, since that can only be adjudged by oral experience in the locale for which it is destined. The orchestra, already completed, occupies a space of 168 feet in width (just 38 feet wider than Exeter hall); and 90 feet in depth. The seats for the per formers are gradually raised, one above another, so that every instrumentalist and vocalist can have a full view of their conductor. The band will be in front, the chorus at the back. The aspect presented by this gigantic superstructure, crowded from roof to base with singers and players, can hardly fail to be one of the most imposing description. The whole is contrived on the most improved principles for the insuring strength and resistance. The beams of timber, screwed and bolted together (there are no nails), with their stage and struts and bearings, present the appearance of a complete forest of woodwork. The two upper rows, allotted to the instrumental department of the orchestra, will be consigned to the double-basses, &c: Between these and 'the seats intended for the chorus- there is a broad avenue for passage to and fro. in short, the accommodation is so judiciously arranged that every singer and player will be thoroughly at ease, and thus better able to give to the ensemble -the benefit of his talents, under favourable and com fortable circumstances. A photograph of the orchestra, by Messrs. Nogretti, is on view, and affords a capital notion of its appearance and pro portions. Up to this moment we are informed that public f - curiosity has been excited to an unusual extent, and that the disposal o vouchers, entitli ng pea WITCHCRAFT, A belief in the black art is more common than most people suppose. A Surrey magistrate gives the following sample of what occurred lately in his parish : A labourer living in L-- L-- called upon me and said, that I bad better look after the rough music they were giving M---, or some mischief would come of it. I inquired, " What is it all about 7 "—" Ob, you had better see into it yourself,. for I don't like to have any; thing to do with such things." I accordingly walked up to M—'s house, and asked him if he had anything to complain of t—" Yes, a pretty deal ; and I'll be blowed if I don't do fur some on 'em." "Don't take the law into your own hands, but trust to me and you shall be protected. But what is it all about ?"—" Oh', some nonsense they talks on about wife." "What have you been doing to E—'s wife I" ' Why, nothing at all ; I hav'nt seen the woman this ,welvemonth." " Have you had any dispute with her husband ? " "Oh, there was a few words about a little job I did for him—mending his dungspit, but that's all right." ,4 What do they do to you now ? "—" Oh, they makes a noise and clatter with bones and cleaver; and hammers and all manner, and neither I nor my neighbours can sleep." "Do you_know any of their names ?"—" Oh yes, but what's the use of that It's E— sets them on." I returned home and sent for E--, and told him that 111-- was much annoyed by people making a noise, atd that he said that he E— set them on. " Sarve him right, too." " Why ?"—" Why ? Why, because there he comes every night to my house and whirls my wife out of bed, takes her clean through the window, keeps her till four o'clock in the morning, and then brings her home." "Ake you not ashamed, an old man like you, to talk such nonsense ?"—" Ah, but he does, though." "The last'time I passed your way you told me your wife was very ill ; is she will now ?"—"Ay, and so she was very ill, and all on account of that villain Nl—; but I'll shoot 'un next time he comes." . "You must do no such thing ; tell me what be. does, and I will see him punished if in the wrong,; but if you fire at him and kill him you'll be hanged."—" Oh, bless you, there's no fear of that ; you can't kill them kind of people ; they've nine lives, like a cat." " Do you see him take your wife away I" you, I'm asleep." " No, bless " Can't she awake you 1"—" No, he flies off so quick with her." - " Had you not better tie her arm to yours, so that she cannot go without awaking you 1"—" That's no use with them people," " Did your wife tell you it is M.— who takes her I" —"No, she don't know who it is, and when she comes back, poor thing,.she's ail in a pucker, like." "Then, what ground have you for saying that M--- takes her away 1"—" Ah, b ecause th a t blessed man, showed him to me.'", . . " Wbat blessed man ?"—" Why, him as cured 'her, after Mr. D—, and Mr. L—, and all the doctors had tried and I had spent my last shilling on.'em." " Row did he show you ?"—" Well now I'll tell you. We took a horseshoe and made it red hot; then he shut the shutter, then he put the shoe into some dirty water, and asked me whose face it was I saw in the smoke, and I'll be Wowed if it warn% M—'s." " Did you pay this man anything for showing you M—'s face ?"--"No ; I paid him a pound for curing my wife." _ _ What is his name ?"—" Well, I don't know rightly, but you knows him well enough ; I've seen him' your way gathering simples." " Did be ever cure anybody else, and show them who it was that made them ill ?"—" Oh, yes, H—'s wife, N—'s shepherd." " Well, now go home, and tell your wife if M— eyer takes her out of bed again to come to me directly, and I will see after him." It may be needless to add that I heard no more of this matter. I sent, however, for the shepherd's wife and she told me she had been very ill for a long time, and that she never got better till the blessed man came and shoaled her M---'s face in the dirty water. The witch-finder is a simple gatherer for the London market, travelling generally from Y-- to D--, and plays upon the credulity of many foolish peasants; as I have told you. X.Y.Z. , . DEM:MINED SI7ICIDE AT SHEFFIELD.—On Saturday morning, Mr. George Schofield, of Sheffield, table knife manufacturer, committed suicide by hanging himself in his house. It appears that, for some time past, Mr. Schofield bad been drinking to - excess, and which is sup posed to have caused the rash act. On Saturday morning he went out and purchased a rope, with which he re turned home. He then proceeded up stairs, and hung himself from a rail at the top of the garret stairs, and after hanging about two hours, as it is supposed, he was discovered by his little granddaughter, who gave au alarm, and the body was cut down. Deceased was brother to Mr. Isaac Schofield, the town councillor. He leaves a wife and four children. [AnvEnTnnnuor.]—Holloway's Ointment and Pills Astounding Remedies for Bad Legs.—Extract of a letter from Mr. Charles Sacre, of Church-greet, Woolwich : —" To Professor Holloway.—Sir,—l beg to offer you my sincere thanks for the miraculous cure which your invaluable ointment and pills have effected on my leg. For four months I was in a London Hospital, arid turned out afterwards as incurable, with very little hopes of saving my leg ; but lam happy to say that Your remedies have effected a sound and perfect cure." —Sold by all medicine vendors throughout the world ; at Prbfessor Holloway's Establishments, 244, Strand, London, and 80, Maiden lane, New York ; by A. Stampa, Constantinople ; A, Guidicy, Smyrna ; and E. Muir, Malta. THE APPREHENDED MIIRAAIN. As much alarm prevails on the subject of the spread to 'this country of a murrain said to •be pre valent on the continent at this time, the following communication ' made to tho General Board of Health by Dr. Greenhow, who has been employed by that department to inquire into the subject, may be of use in allaying exaggerated apprehensions. The communication isto be regarded as preliminary to Dr. Greenhow's detailed roport„-now in prepa ration : "To THE RIGHT HON. -W. MONSELL, M.P., PRESIDENT OF THE GENERAL BOARD OF HEALTH, &O. " Sir,—As great misapprehension and much unne cessary alarm have arisen from the reported existence of a very fatal and contagious murrain among the horned cattle of those continental States from which cattle are chiefly imported into this country, it is desirable that the real facts should be understood. The disease at pre sent or recently prevailing in Ho:stein, and the adjoin ing countiies is the ',pulmonary murrain,' and is iden tical with the lung disease' that has proved so destruc tive among the herds and dairies of Great Britain and Ireland during the last 15 or 16 years. " Although possessed of infectious properties in a moderate degree, the lung disease' is known to arise spontaneously under certain ill-understood canditions of food and sea-on, and is not usually believed to have been imported hither from abroad. It is almost universally diffused throughout this country, having from - tithe to time broken outin an epidemicform in particular localities, and again disappeared, without any very obvious cause. Being already quite as prevalent here as on the Conti nent, no danger exists to our cattle from the importation of foreign cattle suffering from the disease. " Notwithstanding this, all animals suffering from this or any other serious disease that arrive from abroad are f'etsined by the professional inspectors of the Board of Customs, and, it necessary, immediately staughtered, their bodies being effectually destroyed, if found to be unfit for human food, or, if otherwise, then delivered to the owner. The `lung disease' is the only epidemic dis ease at present,prev?iling among the cattle in countries from which hornedtattle are imported into Great Bri tain. " There is, however, another much more contagious and fatal disease, called in Germany the ‘Rinder-pest,' or Steppe murrain, which appears to have been con founded with the lung disease, but which, with one or two trivial exceptions, does net at present exist in any part of Germany or the west of continental Europe. This 'Steppe murrain' is a totally different disease from the pulmonary murrain, and is spontaneously developed only in Bessarabia, Podolia, and other countries of Southern Russia, from which it is never absent, and whence it frequently spreads by contagion into• Poland, and sometimes into Prussia and Austria. "The most stringent measures are employed by the Russo-Polish authorities, and by the Governments of Austria and Prussia, to exclude this form of murrain from their respective territories. A regulation was pub lished in Poland on the 9th of May, 1856, ordering the indiscriminate slaughter of all beasts that should exhibit any symptoms of the disease, under which, according to a recent return, 20,000 animals have already been slaughtered. " Independent of these measures in the interior of the country, quarantine stations have been established on the Russo-Polish frontier, where beasts coming from the East are detained for three weeks. Similar measures for the exclusion and extirpation of the disease, should it show itself within those countries, have long been in force on the frontier of Austria and Prussia. In Aus tria the infected cattle are immediately killed as soon as they show any appearance of the murrain, their compa nions bein 4. kept in quarantine ; and regulations still more stringent are enforced in Prussia, for both the dis eased animals and all other beasts that haveleen in con tact with them are there killed and buried eight feet under ground, quicklime being thrown into the pits. "These regulations have been most sternly enforced, and not only has the importation of cattle from Poland, where the murrain is at present believed to exist, been prohibited, but rags, hides, hoofs, hay, wood, and simi lar articles likely to have been in any way connected with cattle, and all persons suspected of having trans actions with cattle, have been forbidden to cross the frontier. To enforce these regulations detachments of troops have been stationed alone. the frontier at all the points of egress from Poland below Thorn. "Notwithstanding these precautions e the murrain occasionally passes into Austria and Prussia, and intel ligence has been received by our Government that it has recently been imported into both these monarchies. It has been conveyed into Silesia, iu the neighbourhood of Breslau and Oppeln, by means of diseased cattle said to have been purchased in'Galicia, but has not spread into any other Prussian province, and has, in fact, thus far been confined to the oxen of the infected herd. Most effective measures have been taken to arrest the disease, 'and, judging from the experience of last year, there is every reason to hope that its propagation will be pre- vented, and its extinction secured.' "As soon as the murrain was known by her Majesty's Government to have reached Kowno, Tauroggan, and other places in the vicinity of the Prussian frontier, an order in Council was issued forbidding the importation of cattle, and of bides, horns, hoofs, fodder, or other articles likely to be vehicles for conveying the contagion into this county, from any port in the Baltic east of Denmark, thus preventing all possible danger of the im• portation of this disease, so long as it shall be confined to the eastern frontier districts of Prussia. In addition, however, to this precaution, the greatest watchfulness over the importation of cattle is maintained by the veterinary inspectors of the Board of Customs, both at London and the other ports of importation, —I have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant, "E. HEADLAM GREENHOW,' M.D., Lecturer on Public Health at St. Thomas's Hospital, &a. 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