The Sun. — London, England, 1857-01-09 00:00:00

SALE OF PROVISIONS, &c., AT GOSPORT. ADMIRALTY, SOMERSET-PLACE, 7th January, 1857. THE Commissioners for Executing the Office of Lord High Admiral of the United Klnzdom of Great end Ireland, do Hereby Give Notice, that on IVEDNE•zn.AY, th , 2f2 h inst„ at 12 o'clock at noon, the Captain Superintendent will put tip to Sale, In the Royal Clarence Victualling Yard at Gosport. several Lots of Army and Navy Provisions, Victualling Stores, Seamen's Clothing, Transport Redding, &c , &c., &c., consisting of Sal t Meat, Lemon Juice, Ric e , T ongues . Chloride of Lime, Brandy, Ale, Ecc., &c. all lying in the said Yard. Persons wishing to view the iota must apply to the Superintendent for notes of admission for that purpose. Catalogues and Conditions of Sale may be had here and at the Yod. UNION ASSURANCE SOCIETY (FIRE, LIFE, and ANNITITI S). A.D. 1714. Cornhill, and 70, Baker-street, London. College•green, ronengen- street. Hamburg. Exchange-street West, and Titheharn-street, Liverpool. North Nelson-street, Edinburgh. Instituted in the reign of Queen Anne, ♦ D 1714, with large Invested Funds. DIRECTORS, &C• CHAIRMAN—JOHN RE INGTON MILLS, Esq. DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN—HENRY A LDWIN SOAMES, Esq. James Bentley, Esq. John Faynter, E'q. Thomas Bodley, Esq. John Rogers, Esq. Daniel Britten, Esq. II my Butt, Esq. Nicholas charrina , ton, Esq. George Spencer Smith, Esq. R. Preston Child, Esq. ltichd. Horsman Solly, P sq. William Gilpin, F.sq, W. Foster White, F sq. Thomas Lewis, Esq. Samuel Wilson, Esq., Ald. Thomas Mills, Esq., M.P. Stephen Wilson, Esq. John Morley, Esq. MR. JEAFFRESON ' S NEW NOVEL. Now ready at all the libraries, in 3 vols., ISABEL ; the You❑g Wife and the Old Love. By the Author of "Crewe Rise," &c. " A novel in which the author maintains the good position his first work obtained for him."—Examiner. ' IFabeP is a fresh, healthy, entertaining book—a clever picture of molern life written by a man who has seen the world."—Leader. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn. LIFE. Reduced, rates for young and middle ages, with guarantee of a company In existence upwards of 140 years, and a large accumulated capital. The last Bonus (1855) gave additions to policies varying from 25 to 71 per cent. on the previous seven years' premiums. Lower rates, without profits. Two-thirds only of the premiums may be paid until death. Decreasing and increasing rates of premium, and balf-yearly or quarterly. Medical fees allowed. FIRE. Insurances at the usual rates, and profits returned on policies taken out for seven years by p ompt payment. Lo ses occasioned by ex plosion of gas made good. The offices closr. on Saturdays at two o'clock. excepting In the fifteen days after each quarter-day. Insurances now expiring must be paid on or before the 9th Janu ary, at the office in London, or of the respective agents. WILLIAM B. LEWIS, Secretary. LAW LECTURES at the INCORPORATED LAW SOCIETY. The several Courses of Lectures will be resumed by— Mr. HUMPIERY, on EQUITY and BANKRUP MY, FRIDAY, January 9th. Mr, KERR, on COMMON LAW and CRIMINAL LAW, MONDAY, January 12th. Mr. PEACIIET, on CONVEYANCING, FRIDAY, January Mk. ROBERT MACGH AN, Secretary. Law Society's Hall, Chancery-lane, January Ist, 1857. MR. ALBERT SMITH'S MONT BLANC, BADEN, up the RHINE, and PARIS, Is NOW OPEN EVERY EVENING (except Saturday) at 8 o'clock.—Stalls, as. : area. 2.. gallery. Is. Stalls can be secured at the box office, Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, every day between eleven and four, with out any extra charge. The Morning Representations take place every Tuesday and iaturday, at Three o'clock. MR. W. S. WOODIN'S OLIO of ODDITIES, with New Costumes and • .rious Novelties, Yocal and Cha racteristic, every evening (except eaturday) at Eight A MORN ING PERFORMANCE every SATURDAY, at Three. Private Boxes and Stalls may be secured, without extra charge, at the Box-office, Polygraphic-hall. Rine William-street, Charing-cross. The hall has been entirely redecorated. ARGYLL ROOMS.-LATTRENT'S CASINO, Great Windmill-street, St. James's.—The above elegan looms are now open every evening for the winter season, with Laurent's celebrated Orchestra. Principal Cornet-a-piston, M. Bou!court. The Proprietor begs to it form the public that this fashionable place of resort has been entirely redecorated during the recess. Doors open at half-past eight, commence at nine. Admls- Ilion One GENERAL TOM THUMB. Regent Gallery, F 9, Quadrant. The smallest man alive. Patronised by her Majesty in 1844. :few Characters, Songs, Dances, &c. Remains but a short time previous to visiting Ireland, Scotland, Paris, and Russia. TIIR FE LEVEES DAILY, from 11 tin 1. 3 till b, and 7 till 9. To avoid the Crowd the morning and even ing Levees are recommended. Admission to promenade, area, and gallery, without regard to age, Is.; Reserved Stalls, 2s. ; Children Is. ; Drawing-roam seats, 3s. ; children, Is. 6d. TIR. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, 4, Coventry-street, Leicester-square. —Open (for Gentlemen only) from 10 till 10, containing upwitrds of one thousand models and preparations, illustrating every part of the human frame in health and disease, the race of men, &c. Lectures delivered at 12, 2,4, and half-past 7. by Dr. G. SEXTON, F.R.G.S. ; and a new and highly-interesting series of Lectures is now in course of delivery by Dr. Kash, at a quarter plat 8 p.m. precisely. Admission, One Shilling. Catalogues containing Lectures as delivered by Dr. Khan (gratis). GORDON GUMMING, the LION HUNTER, will he AT HOME in his Encampment, surrounded by the spoils and trophies of his achievements, and give his popular ENTER TAINMENT, describing his ADVENTURES in the Interior of SOUTH AFRICA, every evening throughout the week, at o'clock. A SPECIAL AFTERNOON PERFORMANCE cn SATURDAY, at Three o'clock. Several important additions and embellishments have been made to the Hunte - 'BMuseum, and three new views—illustra tive of Ostrich Hunting in the Karoo, the Death of the Giraffe. and Vultures on their Prey in the Desert—painted by Samuel Hodson, added to the series of Dioramic Scenes. The Lion Hunter's native Bushmen will appear incidental to the Entertaiinment. Piano by Mr. Harries Wilson. Admission, Is. ; area, 25.; stalls (which may be taken daily between eleven and four), 35.-232, Piccadilly. MR. HOWARD, 6 urgeon -D en ti s t, 52, Fleet street, has introduced an entirely new description of ARTI FICIAL TEETH ,flxed without springs, wires, or ligatures. They so perfectly resemble the nataral teeth as not to be distinguished from the original by the closest observer; they will never change colour or decay, and will be found very superior to any teeth ever before used. This method does not require the extraction of roots, or any painful 6 , eration, and will support and preserve teeth that are loose, and is luaranteed to restore articulation and mastication. Decayed teeth rendered sound and useful in mastication.-52, Fleet-street. At home from ten till five. INVESTMENTS in BRITISH MINES.—FuII particulars of the most important Dividend and Progressive Mines will be found in :the Fourth Edition of BRITISH MINES CONSIDERED AS AN INVESTMENT, recently published by J. 11. MURCHISON, Esq., F.G.5.,F.5.5., price 35. 6d.; by post, 4s. Mr. MURCHISON also publishes a QUARTERLY REVIEW of 13RITISH MINING, giving the position and prospects of the Mines at the end of each quarter, the dividends paid, &c. The Review for the quarter ending 30th Sept. last contains a Map Of the Bassett district, price Is. " The book will be found extremely valuable."—Observer. " A valuable little book. l '—Globe. A valuable guide to investors."—Herapath. "A useful little volume."—Morniag Herald. "Of great value to capitalists."—Sunderland Times. " Parties requiring information on mining investments will find no better and safer instructor than Mr Murchison."—Leeds Times. "One of the most valuable mining publications which has come under our notice, and contains more information than any other on the subject of which it treats."— Derby Telegraph. " To those who wish to invest capital in British Mines, this work is of the first importance."—Welshman. "This work enables the capitalist to invest on sound principles; it Is, in truth, an excellent guide."—Plymouth Journal. Copies of the above publications can be obtained at Mr. Murchison's offices, 117, Bishopsgate-street Within, London ; and reliable infor mation and advice will be given at any time to those who may re quire It % • CANCER HOSPITAL, London and West Brompton.---Secretary's Office, 167, Piccadilly.—This institu tion has been established exclusively for the treatment of the poor afflicted with cancerous diseases. Out-door patients to attend at 167, Piccadilly, on Tuesdays, at 2 o'clock. In-door patients are admitted at the Brompton Establishment, for one month, and for a longer period if recornmendei by the medical officers. The number of per sons nnder treatment as in or out-door patients have averaged for the last three years about 400 cases each l ear. Since the foundation of this Hospital in 1851, 1,799 poor persons, suffering under every form of this dreadful malady, have received the benefits of this Charity. A Weekly Board manage its affairs, and every informa tion connected with the Institution may be obtained on application to the Secretary. Contributions to enable the Committee to continue this great work of benevolence are urgently solicited, and may be paid to William Loxham Farrar, E.g., the Treasurer, 66 , Lincoln's ; Messrs. Coutts and Co., Strand; and at the Secretary's Offices; 167, Piccadilly. _ By order._ W. J. COCKERILL, Secretary. iii OYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road. Patron—The QUEEN.—Founded 1828. The sick poor are admitted on their own application alone ; no re commendation is required. During the past month the following number received the benefits of this Charity, either as out or in-door patients, on their personal application:— Week ending 7tb November 2,154 Ditto 14th November 2,043 Ditto 21st November .... • 1,972 Ditto 2ath November 2,309 29th and 30th November— ... Total in November .... • . 8,747 of which 2,775 were ne w cases, the remainder (still under treat. ment) having been admitted previously. The clergy of all denominations have unlimited access to the patients. Heavy expenses are Inevitably i ncurred in affording such exten sive relief. The Committee, therefore, earnestly entreat the aid of the public. The management of the Hospital in in the hands of 30 Governors, yearly elected from the general list of subscribers, at the Annual General Meeting in January. A Board is held every Thursday, at 4 o'clock (Rev. J. B. Owen, Chairman). to c/Enduct the business, giving explanation. when any subscriber may attend, if so disposed, the Board being at all times desirous of receiving suggestions or The Hospital is not endowed, but is wholly dependent on volun tary contributions and legacies, which are received by the Treasurer, John Masterman, Esq., M.P., Nicholas-lane ; also by Messrs. Coutts arid Co. ; Drummond and Co.; Berries and Co.; Ransom and Co.; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; SnAth, Payne, and Co.; Glyn and Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co.; Barclay and Co.; Denison and Co.; Willi ams. Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nisbet and Co., Ber nt the Hospit a l . uff sciwill be thankf u ll street , • Masterman and C0.C0.; 4n Clothing for the destitute patient Y received. By order. J. B. OWEN. M.A... Chairman. A NEW AND IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE SCIENCE OF MEDICINE. Patent Office Seal of Great Britain. Diplome d'Ecoletle Pharma cie Pharmacien do Paris: . Imperial College of Medicine, Vienna. :ITRIESEMAR No. 1,2, and 3, prepared in the form of a lozenge, devoid of taste or sme ll , an d can b e carr i e d i n the waistcoat pocket. Pold in tin cases, divided into separate doses, a s administered by Valpeau, Lallemand, Roux, Ricord, &c., &C. TRIESEMAR No. 1 is a Remedy for RE LAXATION, SPERMATORRIREA, and all the distressing conse quences arising fro m ear l y a b use, indiscriminate excesses, or too long residence in hot c li ma t es. It has restored bod il y an d sexual strength and vigour to thousands of debilitated Individuals who are !;2,7 in the enjoyment of health and the Functions of Manhood; and Ztlatever are the cause for DISQUALIFICATIONS for MAR ~ . .A.01.•.._ —. 'floy effectually subdued by this Wonderful Discovery. etlectu TRIESEMAR No. 11., al' in the short space of three days, completely and entirely eradicates all Urine, Pains foym. , ne,th traces of Conorrhrea, both in its mild and aggravated . Strictures, Irritation of the Bladder, Non-retention of c opaiv , wici f the Loins and Kidneys, and those disorders which luin o f t he he Zb_e L b e s have so long been thought an antidote for, to the health f a vast portion of the population. is the great Continental toms. It also ccnt Remedy for Syphilis and Secondary SYmIl - Cutaneous Eruptiofti flutes a certain cure for Scurvy, Scrofula. and all tons and impa r i ti _l B, removing and expelling in its course all corrup the virus of di sea 7 iroin the vital stream, as altogether to eradicate y for he through the me,aii.i7n toncttexpel it with the insensible perspiration never-failing reined constittu. Pores of the skin and urine, and is a the English Physician thatt reat class of disorders which unfortunately tion of the patient's with Mercury, to the inevitable de struc io:, and which all the sarsaparilla in the world cannot restore. 113., or four cases in one for 335,, which saves I ls., and in 5/. ea ric whereby there is a saving of 1 /. 12s. To be had wholesale and retairi London, ot Derby and Gordon, 140, Leadenhall-street; Prout, --n f Id-street ; Sanger, 150, chfor,.4l%,roSetrand; Hannay and Co., 63, Ox- Paul's Chxrchyard.Butler and Ibardin g, 4, B Cheapside ; Edwards, F St. ------ HUMAN FRAILTY ; a Popular Medical Rork, price Is., post free, beautitu,lly illustrated with 100 engravings, instructions for the perfect restorßaotuxion, and containing the opinions of li alpeau, Lallem and, • &C. It gives copious ofR i thoseor d, who are prevented by impediments from from bus the married State, also showing the dreadful results from ea i rly abuse , onorthcea, and syphilis, and the benefits arising i rem th t the chemical tests and examination of the spermatoza, byitlpreera„uandorc's 7, 23, Paternoster- microscope, with powerful lenses, — row row; and :tom all agents for the sale of Trieeetnar CANADA, UPPER and LOWER, with the RAILWAYS.--Maps of these Provinces in two sheets, are included in the new edition of the CYCLOP,EDIAN ATLAS. just published, price one guinea, containing 39 Coloured Maps of the various Parts of the world, amongst which will be found maps of the United States in two sheets, British America, with the Arctic Regions, West India Islands, Australia, New Zealand, &c., &c.• se lected from the Useful Knowledge Society's Series. The maps singly, Plain 6d ; coloured 9d. London : Edward Stanford, 6, Charing-cross, s,w, The Sr•eond Edition, just published, price 55., by post free, es. ed., Li TRICTURE OF cl THE URETHRA. THE PATIIOLOGY AND RATIONAL TREATM ENT of STRICTURE of the URETHR k, in all its Varieties and Comp 11. cations, with Observatio n s on the Use a n d Abuse of Instruments in i e r n c t u . the Treatment of Diseases of the Urethra. The whole Illustrated by numerous Cases selected from the .Records of upwards of Twenty years' extensive and successful Practice. By F.B. COURTENAY, M.Re.g.E. 1 2 e 1 d 9 i , c a R I e e l; Circular. " We know of no man to whose care we Would sooner intrust the rre l , treatment of Laosnedvoenre: sHtri.cßtuailrell. The value of herrings sent abroad in the eleven months ended November was 365 , 455/. ; and of ot her sorts of fish, 131,3831. THE BALL AT THE BACHELORS' HUNT, which took place recently at the Corn Exchange, Atherton, War wickshire, is said to have passed off with unusual eclat. The company consisted of about 230 of the nobility and gentry whose name& were associated with the hunt, and in order to give full effect to the entertainment the hall was tastefully decorated with the flags of various nations, and every description of implement and device apper taining to the chase. Among the guests were several distinguished Crimeon heroes, who had happily returned from the field of battle so far unscathed as to be able to take a part in the luxuries of the dance. An elegant supper was provided by Mr. T. Praday, of Rupert ' street, Haymarket, and the general arrangements were Inch as to give entire satisfaction to all concerned. (N o. 20,143.) PUBLICATIONS. Now ready, in 1 v,l , with 1,500 Engtavings of Arms, SIR BERNARD BURKE'S PEERAGE and BARONET AGE Foa 1857. New Edition, corrected throughout t• the present time from the personal communications of the Nobility, &c. Hurst and Illackett. Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn. Now ready at all the libraries, in 3 vols., THE GENERAL'S DAUGHTER. By Capt. BROOK J. KNIGHT. " The General's Daughter' is a lively, dashing tale, with broadly masked characters, and more than the ftVC! age number of startling incidents found in novels of the class. Capi,ain Knight has the art of telling a tale with cleverness and effect."—Literary Gazette. Hurst and Blac.kett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn. On Monday will be published, in crown Bvo., 125., the Second Edition of A URORA LEIGH : A Poem in Nine Books. By ELIZ tBETH BARRETT BROWNING. Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. CHEAP EDITION OF CARLYLE ' S WORKS. Now ready, in crown Bvo., price 65., Vol. I. of T HE FRENCH REVOLUTION: A HISTORY. By THOMAS CARLYLE. Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. CHEAP EDITION OF LEVER'S WORKS. Now ready, in crown Bvo., price 45., HARRY LORREQUER. By CHARLES LEVER. With Eight Illustrations by H. K. RZORHE• Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. In one square yolume, with all the original Illustrations, prioe is. 6d., A CHEAP EDITION OF T FIACKERAY'S CHRISTMAS BOOKS: Containing "MRS. PERKINS' BALL," "DR. BIRCH," "OUR STREET." Chapman ant Hall, 193, Piccadilly. In I volume, post BY)., 10s. 6d., T HE GIRLHOOD OF CATHERINE DE' MEDICI. By T. ADOLPIIU3 TROLLOPE. Chapman and Hall, 193, Piceldilly. Just published, price 55., the NATIONAL REVIEW. No. VII. CONTENTS: I. William Wordsworth The Relations of Religion to Art. Balzac en Pantoufles. By Leon Go:lan. Mr. Spurgeo❑ and his Popularity. Latham and Grimm on the Ethnology of Germany. The Literature of Spirit-rapping. The Credit Mobilier and Banking Companies in France. Strauss and German Hellenism. The Slave Empire of the West. Books suitable for Reading Societies. Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. This day, two volumes, pest B yo. , 165., THE WEDDING GUESTS ; or, the Happi ness of Life. By MARY C. HUME, Author of " The Brides maid," " Count Stephen," and other Poems. Joha VT. Parker and Son, West Strand. TO the THEATRICAL PROFESSION.— Bead THE ERA of To-morrow. TO FREEMASONS.—Read THE ERA of Tomorrow. Mr. Newby has just published, 2 vo i s., 21s , NAPLES: Religious, Social, and Political. " Lord E******* 1s a shrewd observer and pleasant writer." Critic "The pictures are lively, and as bright as the colours an climate they reflect."—Spectator. " Decidedly worthy of public attention."—Globe. " The subject is ene of European interest "—lllustrated Times. " For entertaining narrative it can hardly be exceeded."—Sporting Magazine. " A book of greater interest has not come under our notice for many years."— Guardian. MESSIAH, 2s. or 4s. ; Creation, 2s. or 3s. ; Judas •blaCeabfeus, 2s. or 45.; Israel in Egypt, 2s. or 45.!; Samson, 2s or .45. The 3s. and 4.t. editions are bound in scarlet cloth. Dettingen Ti Deum and Zadock the Priost,lB. 6d. ; Alexan der's Feast, 25.; Ads and Galatea. Is. 6d. Each work coraplete, with separate Libretto, is 'Vocal Score, with Pianoforte or Organ Accompaniment, arranged by VINCENT 9 OTELLO; Octavo size. Please ask for Novello's Centenary Edition, printed on Stout Paper. Also, n iform with the above - Mozart's Twelfth Mass, 2s. : Haydn's Third Mass, 25.; Beethoven's Mass in C, 25.. or the Three Masses in one vet , cloth, 7s. Mozart's Requiem (with E. Bohnes' Critical Essay, from the " Musical Times"), 2s. The Masses have Latin and English Words. London: J. Alfred Novelle, 69, Dean-street, Soho (W.), and 35 Poultry (E.C.) LONDON POSTAL DISTRICTS.- STANFORD'S P MTh NT POSTAL DISTRICT ENVE LOPr'S, indicate to Correspondents the district to he appended to th•• address in reply. Samples an prices •n anplicati nto Edward Stanford, Mapseller and Stationer, G. Charing•cross, S.W. VII. VIII. Ix, ONDON POSTAL DISTRICTS.-SKETCH lA' MAP of the LONDON POS ALL extiuding upwards of 12 miles from the General Post Offide, with a list o prin cipal places and the district in which they are situate (prepared for the Postmaster-General's Annual tenor* Price, one large sheet, 2s. ; case, 4e. 61. ; rollers Tarnish^d, is. London: Edward Stan ford, 6, Charing-cross, S.W., and all booksellers. LONDON POSTAL DISTRICTS. - THE USEFUL KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY'S MAP of LONDON, coloured to show the NEW POSTAL DISTRICTS, with the Post office List of principal streets and places as divided into Postal Dis tricts, by command of the Postmaster-general. Price, plain is.; coloured, Is. 6d., in sheet or folded ; mounted on linen in case, 2s. 6d. (per post two stamps additional) ; rollers ♦arnished, Gs. London : Edward Stanford, 6, Charing-cross, S.W. It. LIVINGSTON'S DISCOVERIES IN AFRICA. —The MAP of AFRICA, in the Series designed and engraved by the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, illustrates the Route and Discoveries of this distinguished traveller. Compiled from the maps in the possesaion of the Royal Geographical Society. ?rice, plain, 34.; coloured, 9d. A list of 921 maps in this series may be had upon application to Edward Stanford, 6, Charing cross, S.W., London ; per post for one stamp. EXPEDITION to PERSIA.—The MAP of PERSIA, with Part of the Ottoman Empire. By G. LONG, M.A. Price O. plain ; 9d. coloured. Published in the Series of the Useful Knowledge Society. Can be obtained of all booksellers. Also, same series and price, a Map of Afghanistan, Beloochistan, with parts of Persia, Bokhara, and Sinde. London : Edward Stan ford, 6, Charing-cross, 5.1%., whose catalogue of maps can be had on application. BO NIBARDMENT of CANTON.—The ATLAS of INDI t, 26 Coloured Maps, contains in addition to the maps of India, revised by JOHN W sLKEIZ, Esq. (Geographer to the Honourable East India Company), maps of Canton and its ap proaches, Nt acao and Hong Kong; China and Burmah ; Persia ; Arabia; Japan ; Asiatic Archipelago ; Islan 's in the Indian Ocean ; Polynesia, &c., selected front the Series designed and engraved by the Useful Knowledge Society. The Atlas, urice one guinea ; the Maps singly, coloured 9d. ; plain 6d. A list of the Maps and Atlases in the series, may be obtained on application to Edward Stanford, 6, Charing-cross, London (S.W.) NEW ZEALAND.—The Uuseful Knowledge Society's MAP of NEW ZEAL k NI) has recently been thoroughly revised from Admiralty Surveys, and additions in the interior, by WALTER M kIITELL, Esq., &c. Price, coloured 9d. ; plain 6d. The Family Atlas, selected from the series, contains 80 maps and index, price three guineas. London : Edward Stanford, 6, Charing-cross, S.W. LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 9, 1857. PROOLAMATION OP TIIE _FEDERAL COUNCIL , OF SWITZERLAND TO THE SWISS PEOPLE. Dear and faithful Confederates, on the morning of September 3, last year, Switzerland was surprised in the midst of peace by the news, equally strange and unex pected, that a royalist conspiracy had broken out in the canton of Neuchatel. However incredible this news might appear, it nevertheless was only too true. A band of partisans of the old order of things had, during the night, taken possession of the city, and the edifice in which the Government of Neuchatel holds its sitting.. The members of the State CounCil had them selves been arrested, and the re-establishment of the old order of things, set aside for the last nine years, was an nounced by a proclamation. As might have been foreseen, this insurrection, which had not the slightest chance of success, was stifled in its birth. When the great majority of the inhabitants of the canton of Neuchatel had recovered from their surprise, the citizens of all parties in the canton collected under the republican banner ; and even before the Confedera tion could interfere the phantom of a restoration o the princip a lit y o f N euc h ate l an d V a l ang i n h a d dis appeared, and the constitutional state of things was re-established. The Fer!eral Assembly of the Confederation, duly ap• preciating the high significance of this manifestation, and making it-elf the organ of popular opinion, resolved, by an unanimaus vote, on the 26th of September, that the republicans of the canton of Neuchatel had deserved well, not only of their own canton, but of all Switzerland. The victory obtained on the 4th of September over the royalists was characterised by clemency and mode ration. The greater portion of the prisoners were set at liberty very shortly after the commencement of the inquiry, and the leaders of the insurrection, who are now in a state of confinement, were treated with all possible humanity. Switzerland, however, soon found herself exposed to demands, made upon her with no other motive than that of nullifying the judicial inquiry and preventing the punishment of theguilty. Asa recognition of the King of Prussia's rights over Neuchatel, was demanded the im• mediate and unconditional liberation of all the prisoners. We considered that it was out of our power to accede to these demands, without at the same time renouncing the nation's rights of sovereignty, and without sanction ing the principle that it is lawful for a party to disturb the public peace with impunity, and to overthrow in any one canton the constitution and constitutio❑al order guarniteed by all the other cantons, as well as by the Federal Charter. For the due understanding of the peculiar and com plicated relations in which the country of Neuchatel ex isted during a number of years, it is necessary to give a rapid glance at the recent history of this country. By the treaty of May 19, 1815, the canton of Neu chatel was, in the capacity of a sovereign state, incor porated with Swiee •r!and and its rights and duties were to be identical with those of the remaining cantons. In return certain rights over that country, reserved by other European treaties, remained with the King of Prussia, who had been, in 1707, elected Prince of Neuchatel. The unnatural state of things created by this double position of canton and principality was manifested before long in several instances; and on more than one occasion attempts were made to bring under relations to the Confederation more rational, a canton, the development of which was constantly impeded by the inconvenience attending this double position. These attempts met iwith the desired result only in 1848. The people at that time knew how to make use of their right to constitute themselves freely, by adopting the form, and giving themselves the republican constitu• tion, which was fully guaranteed by all the states of the Confederation. More than once since that period the federal authority has endeavoured to come to an understanding through the medium of friendly negotiations with his Majesty the King of Prussia, but all these efforts failed owing to the pretension set up that the old order of things should before everything be re-established, a requirement that we could not countenance in any event without repudi ating the canton of Neuchatel from our union, and repudiating also the principles of the new federal con stitution. Such was the state of things when a solution of the difficulty, which could not be obtained in a friendly man• ner, was on the 31 of September attempted by violence. However disposed one might be to regret the fate of men who by rash zeal and chimerical hopes bad suffered themselves to be led on to commit such an rot of vio lence, it was not possible to interfere with the course of judicial proceedings, and as it were to sanction for a cer tain party, by the unconditional liberation of the insur gents, a privileged right to insurrection. Although the rights of sovereignty possessed by the Confederation and the Canton of Neuchatel did not al. low ds to take into consideration the pretensions that had been raised, nevertheless we manifested our serious intention of setting the prisoners at liberty, provided a single condition was fulfilled towards Switzerland. We declared ourselves ready to grant the liberty of the pri soners, in case the liberation of the Canton of Neuchatel from every foreign tie should be acknowledged, thus putting an end to a state of things which had every day showed itself to be more and more untenable. We declared ourselves ready to meet half way any ne gotiation that should be calculated to bring about the independence of Neuchatel. That we might not wound, even in the slightest decree, the susceptibilities of the adverse party, we declared, besides, our readiness to take into consideration the proposals of mediation made by other powers. The course taken in these long negotia tions has been correctly and fully explained in our mes sage to the Federal Assembly ; and the Swiss people will, as impartial history likewise will do hereafter, give tie their testimony that we have refused no means in our endeavours to bring the dispute to an advantageous and pacific result. All these efforts which evince our good-will and loyalty have hitherto failed, owing to the demand made for the preliminary and unconditional liberation of the prisoners—a demand to which we could not submit without humiliating. Switzerland and impairing her honour. When our situation beCarne more difficult, and our ad versary prepared to support hie pretensions by for ce of arrds it appeared to us that it was time to appeal to the repre.' sentativee of the nation; and learn from them whether the Federal Council had or had not acted in accordance with the national opinion. On the 30th December the Federal Assembly unani mously passed the following resolutions— " Art. 1. In order to effect a pacific solution of the Neuchatel question, tile Federal Council will continue to do ills part, as it has hitherto done, for the adoption of all or any means compatible with the honour and dignity of Switzerland, and such as may be fitting for procuring the recognition of the independence of Neuchatel from every foreign tie. "Art. 2. The military levies ordered by the Federal Council, and likewise the other measures it has taken, are approved. " The Federal Council is empowered to provide for all ulterior arrangements deemed necessary for the defence of the country to the last extremity in case an honourable and pacific solution cannot be obtained. " An unlimited credit is opened to defray the expenses. " Art. 3. The Federal Council is authorised to nego tiate and conclude definitively, on account of the Con- federation, the necessary loans. " Art. 4. The Federal Council is commissioned to make these propositions known through the proper chan nels to the cantons and the Swiss people. In order to be ready for all contingencies a comman der-in-chief of all the forces has been appointed this very day, in the person of Gen. Wm. Henry Dufour, and the duties of chief of the staff have bee❑ confided to Colonel Henry Freiheroze, a member of the Federal Council. It is thus that we find ourselves, perhaps, on the eve of most important events, on the threshold of most serious trials, which may befal our country. All hope of a paci fic solution, indeed, has not disappeared ; we shall en. deavour even now to do our part for the maintenance o f peace whenever there shall be found for the attainment of that object a course not prejudicial to our honour. In this solemn moment we give assurance to the Swiss peo ple, to the whole universe, to the Supreme Being, that we are disposed even now, in all loyalty, to concur in any thing that can insure peace ; and that we shall not have recourse to extreme measures, unless the hand of conci liation that we offer should be unceremoniously repelled. If, which God forbid, this case should occur, we ap peal to you, faithful, dear, and generous Swiss people. We have received from our fathers, who rest in God, as an inviolable inheritance, a free and happy fatherland. It is a sacred duty for us to transmit to our descendants this glorious inheritance intact, and in all its primitive purity. It is in the days of trial that one learns most intimately to know the value of these possessions which they aro trying to wrest from us. It has been given to our dear country to enjoy both peace and happiness for a long series of years without alteration. May God not permit this season of trial to find us off our guard, but find us, on the contrary, watchful as a people worthy of those great blessings ! And here it is with lively joy that we acknowledge that the Swiss people has worthily endured this time of trial. Those days appear to have come bask which form the most brilliant part of our great history, when every one can with his whole soul congratulate himself that he belongs to the Swiss nation. It is with an unanimity never before, in such a degree, experienced, that the Go vernments and the citizens are depositing on the sacred altar of their country the whole of their property. No sacrifice appears too onerous now that the cause is to uphold the national independence and preserve from ruin the soil of our native land. No age, no class, no family j w qtl h kfrube e a s lyoiAtet.to:oal that ahrmgaaaatrrktebiteeeht parties vanish, the ry n neda d ena . sdyiasschro The youth desires to share the dangers of the full-grown man - the old man to serve as he k . , ,r1 example to youth. All, all show their willingness sacrifices towardsclo e u d s r 7:th h eonra ie t:t h hinoyno c ss i b r lwd . e u iissa m asnp s de t p a oee n anl c rfe e e.v s daTet r rhe e ade - . yet numbered. mb t e h r a e t d. object of which we have spoken. Well, let us hold fast e t afstoa l thbf O ateau ll hnn,Acudrhrslo a in r ; a iiegifunhtsoi not th we b : ewt Let hh h oca have e a s r et br placed as n oo fi ei d df e steadfastrne ourceed oe freedom, i u n n , hini, wt t ri h yl e l i faith, nto w hw eihow oe not t wu l theljebGouds continue f ntin o u u e r n artOt keep it inviolate. Let UR keep firm in our belief that the I Almighty will show him se lf strong in behalf of the weak, and that he will bring us forth from the present dark ness and lead us into light. May the general enthusiasm and devotedness, which are increasing and have taken hold of the entire nation, prove to be of good augury. May we see therein a pledge that our efforts to save the country will be crowned with a blessing from Heaven. Federal soldiers ! We have already found ourselves under the necessity of calling oir,, under arms, a part of the army, f or th e p ro t ec ti on o f our menaced frontiers, and the men whom we summoned have hastened with , the greatest eag erness t o p l ace th emse l ves at the dispose , of the country and its authorities. No mortal yet knows whether the decisive hoar has struck, at the Round of which the country will have to' collect all her children around the stainless banner, under the white cross on a red ground; b u t w h a t we know is, that the whole arm) will answer as one man the call of their country. Hasten then, federal soldiers, with firm confidence in God, and with glad courage. Hasten hither ! May God and his angels escort yen ! Observe strict discipline everywhere; cheerfully oheyyourchiefs ; never forget that obedience is the guarantee of victory ! Be humane, even when you find yourselves confronting the enemy ; observe in all times and places that conduct which is becoming in a free and Christian army. In ful. filling your duty be not uneasy akmut the future welfare of yourselves or families; your grateful country will take care of that; she looks upon it as a debt of ? honour, which, under any circumstances, she will be sure to pay. Federal soldiers! 'Your country, the world, has its eyes fixed upon you. You will take care to realise the hope that is placed in you ; you will show by your acts that you deserve well to be called the sons of your great an. castors ; you will strive to enrich our national history with another of its most glorious pages. Bless the Fede. ral army ! Bless thee, also, our beloved fatherland, and ma} Est thou still be, as thou halt been for ages, the asy lum of a free and happy people ! Swiss people, faithful and dear, may God be with you all. In the name of the Swiss Federal Council, The President of the C mfederatien, FORNEROD. The Chancellor of the Confederation, SCHIESS, Berne, Jan. 3, 1857. 1 FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND. (From the Morning Pose.) The Emperor of the French is a man not deficient in shrewdness. He knows a great deal about Switzerland, and something about Prussia, and we believe he is tho roughly convinced that it would mightily offend the French people to side with the slippery King of Prussia, and to turn a cold shoulder to the Swigs Government. If there be a people on earth whom the French hate with intense cordiality it is the army and people of Prussia. There are thousands of Frenchmen now living in all ranks, and not by any means old men either, who re member the horrible behaviour of the Prteeiian army in 1814 and 1815, when, by their heartlessness, harshness, and cruelty, they so entirely lost character, surpassing even the Russians and the Cossacks of the Don in the indiscriminate pillage and plunder which they inflicted on the French provinces through which they passed. ' These deeds of wanton destruction, rapine, and violence of the French people, have been recounted by French- of from 55 to 80, to sons, to grandsons, t) nephews, and to other collaterals, and thus a traditeanary horror and hatred has been preserved in France which has sur vived more than 40 years of the most cheerful vicissi tudes, social, moral, and political. The first Napoleon himself, when an exile at St. Helena, equally removed from ever3thing like hope and fear, and completely in - dilferent and passionless in other respects, partook of this vivacious sympathy of the army and people of France, and spoke 'of the insolent brutality of the Prussians with contemptuous scorn, and of their plundering of the Hospital of the Invalids with burning indignation. He ridiculed their dress and man-millinery—their tailoring and mili tary frippery—their shell c cats and small skirts—and their minute attention to small external forms. But that which most aroused his choler against Prussia was the harshness and insolence of men over whose heads he walked to their own capital. These facts. and circum stances are still remembered by the French people and by the French army, and it would never do for the nephew of the conqueror at Jena and Eyleu to become a partisan of the Prussians at the expense of the Swiss. Whatever certain French writers may say or suggest at random, we feel quite convinced that the head of the Government in France will, if he does not protect or cover the Swiss, at least hold the balance fairly between them and the King of Prussia; or, at the twelfth hour, offer his mediation in conjuncion with England. This would be the best course for all parties—for the King of Prussia, for Switzerland, and for France herself. As to the King of Prussia, he is mani'estly endangering the peace of Europe by proceedings which would be consi dered crazy in any ordinary man. Supposing Frederick William IV. to be a di:crowned Prince, or a wandering legitimist, seeking to re-eater Neuchatel on any such title as he puts forth, after nine years' acquiescence in facts as they now exist, would he not be considered a disturber and a general perturbator—one whom it was necessary to bind in heavy recognisaucss to keep the peace to all his neighbours? Is his conduct the less dan gerous, the 1-es mischievous, the less criminal, because he happens to be the actual Sovereign of Prussia ? The writers is the Kreutz Zeitung may hold e contrary doctrine ; but we would suggest to the livelier Berlinese who write in the Klatteraclasch—the Punch, and Chari. rani of Prussia—to tu rn th e i r pungen t pens against the Quixotism of their o wn !general, and to spare Enelaud and France their jeers and their jibes. If England and France went to war in 1854, it was for some better cause than for a few square yards of Swiss terri• tory. Enelsed might well have avoided the war with Russia had she been base, unprincipled, an d sordid, fo r Candia and Egypt, tempting baits, were offered her by the deceased friend of Frederick William IV., who wanted, a la Russo, to strangle and spoliate " the sick man." But England would not connive a t the ro bbery or share in the plu n der, an d hence Alma, I nkerma n , the Traktir, and the sire, storming, and capture of Sebas etOole; Wheni.Rrtissistear heteKing'ece Eto honest, o r so eFilanlyse. part,..the .Enelish people;may hedispos ' consider hide a better Christian - and a better King than they think him now, and to make an effort iu his behalf eve, for a right which he has lose —to use a word of English lawyers—by non-user. But for the King who set all Germany in commotion in 1848 to gain his own private ends—for the King who made an attack on the provinces of Denmark to subserve his own ambition-- for the King who stood with his arms folded during the Crimean struggle, and who, since that struggle is over, has abetted the Russian in all his evasions and dishonest delays in the fulfilment of a treaty, the English people have no sympathies. We believe the French people as little respect or admire the Prussian King as the English people, and sure we are they much less respect or ad mire the Prussian army. Under these circumstances it would be difficult for the Governments of England or France to render any services to the King of Prussial even though he had a good cause which he had wel. managed. But when his cause is questionable, and ill managed and ill-conducted, all that any Governments, however well disposed, can do for hint is to offer to me, diate on certain preliminary conditions. Let him hold his private property in Neuchatel perfectly intact, and the title of Prince of Neuchatel without the territory, as the King of Sardinia holds the title of King of Cyprus and Jerusalem, and England and France may consent to use their good offices in his behalf. But this is, indeed, inane menus. Prince of 'Neu chatel, without the territory, is a mere lackland title, full of sound and signifying nothing. It is the mere shell of the oyster, while Switzerland would have the substance and the pearl. That this or sonic similar arrangement is the only one that can be sanctioned by the two Great Western Powers seems exceedingly probable, and if the King of Prussia would treat or mediate on this basis, Switzerland would probably release her prisoners, having substantially gained her point. We have ourselves at present hopes of a pacifiesolution, since the Swiss Chargé d'Affaires at Paris, after first hav ing had a long interview with the Emperor, has left for Berne and again returned to Paris. Col. Barmann, the author of the Swiss manifesto and State paper, to which we made allusion a fortnight ago, is not only a publicist of great ability, but a man of sound moderate views. If we mistake not, he is one of the brothers, Maurice and Joseph Barmann, who played so conspicuous and creditable a part in the - Valais from 1840 to 1844, and who, though Roman Catholics in religion like Augustin Keller (a distinguished Roman Catholic, and director of the Roman Catholic seminary in Argau) were all three vigorous opponents of the Jesuits and the Sander build. The brothers Barmann are among the most instructed, moderate, and enlightened of Swiss public men—patriotic, yet practical and moderate in tone, with a strict respect for legal forms, and not wishing to wound the prejudices or susceptibilities of those opposed to them. A Swiss diplomatist of this stamp is at this jupctnre invaluable, and it may be inferred that so tetra perate and calm a person will have great weight, not merely with the Federal Council, but with England and France. Should the efforts of the able diplomatist and mediators prove unavailing, Switzerland, we believe, will be prepared to take her stand boldly, and to main tain it too. The various Swiss Councils have given unlimited credit to the Federal Government ; and inde pendently of this, the Swiss bankers in Paris, and some American bankers and capitalists, have come forward with offers of credit to a large amount. Geneva and Berne—one the least warlike, the other the most aristo et itic of the Cantons—have also come forward with offers of men and money ; and the Canton de Vaud, the most French in its sympathies) ' has tendered the one-sixth of its population —thirty thousand troops for the service of the Confsderatiap. The students in the Swiss colleges are also forming themselves into battalions, so tlsat ther country is in all respects prepared. Germany, on the other hand, shows a repugnance and horror of the war into which Frederick William IV. would madly rush. Ten deputies of Wurtenaberg have protested against the concentration or passage of Prus sian troops, truly maintaining that the pretensions of the House of H o henzollern have nothing to do with the German Confederation, with Southern Germany, or even with Prussia herself. Switzerland, they main tain, is the best and most inoffensive neighbour of Germany, and is united with her in reciprocal com mercial interests. Since the protest of the ten deputies, the Committee of the States of Stuttordt, composed chiefly of Conservatives, has also resolved to request the Government not to permit the Prussian troops to march through the kingdom, feeling that a commercial crisis must be the result of any such measure. In Upper Bavaria the news that permission had been granted to the Prussians to pass through the country had caused the greatest discontent among the farmers, who find in the Swiss the best customers for their corn. Even in passive and &most immovable Austria the con duct of the King of Prussia had excited more astonish ment than usual, and it is now well known that Austrian statesmen—more especially Barons de Bach and de Bruck—consider the proceedings of Frederick William IV. most impolitic and unwise. The economical inte rests of Southern Germany are, indeed, quite in union with those of Switzerland, and any passage of Prussian troops, even without actual hostilities, must impede commerce and increase expenditure. Debts and loans in Germany would lead to increased taxation, to dimi nished trade, and to consequent discontent and incal culable dangers ; arid therefore it is that more wise and tl o TOO men than the King of Prussia deprecate the course that Monarch is punning. Let the quarrel end as it inay—atid we trust it may pe icefully end—we have no fears for Switzerland. The independent and martial spirit that made IhEr world-renowned of old, again animate her, for she is doing battle for the freedom and independence of her monatains.i Elbe sharpshooters have ever been famous Whatbyr with bow or rifle, and with the Minie in hand tijAy• 411 maintain their rights of old. A SUBMARINE VOLCANO. (From the San rrancisco Herald.) Captain C. H. Newell, of the whaling barque Alice Frasier, gives the following description of the action of a submarine volcano which sprang into existence in the Straits of Onriimah, in lat. 54 26, long. 165, on the 25th of July last. There were five or six vessels in company at the time when the volcano burst, and threw an im mense body of water to a tremendous height ; after which it emitted lava and pumicestone on the decks of the ves sel. This singular oceanic phenomenon is corrobora'ed by the maters of tie whaling ships William Thompson, Scotland, and Enterprise : " Borgne Alice Frasier, at Sea, Oct. 30, 1856. " About the 25th of July, while passing in company with some others through the Straits of Onnimah, I observed many of the mountain peaks upon the adjacent islands undergoing strong volcanic action, ejecting vast clouds of dense black smoke. " A few other whalers, in company with myself, had just rounded the west point of the island, close to the base of the volcano, upon that end of it, having been enjoying the close view of its tremendous eruption, and listening to the long rumbling roar as we underwent several successive shocks of partial earthquake, when the wind suddenly died away from a strong breeze to a calm, and left us entirely at the mercy of the eruptions, close in with the land. After several hours of various grades of action everything seemed to grow for the worse. The throes of the elements and groans of the sphere became rapidly more and more omi nous. It became perfectly calm—so calm that the dense, black, unearthly smoke from the crater rushed headlong into the heavens, without deviating to any point—an indi cation that there was a faint hope of a coming breeze for us ; then gradually dissipated into cold grey clouds, from which fell showers of ashes, looking in the distance like rain, though falling rather like snow flakes. At this stage of things, after about 12 hours' calm, there sprang up a light breeze from the south, seemingly about to rid us of our dangerous companion ; and you may make no doubt but we endeavoured to profit by it, even to the smallest sail we could set. "But then came the worst of all. The winds, acting upon so dense a body of smoke, blew it flat down upon the surface of the water, making it for more than 100 miles, as I ascertained from others, an almost total eclipse, shutting the land theiln truckd p e o r uon i p t dl e e e n re t xo i pn r e oe l s y ezd f i:e ro m sight. The ashes rained down upon us like a snowstorm, covering everything from and deck growingyrtlantl mantle d ei o n n ter a s, nd al m m o o r s e t blind dense, nearly to suffocation, antil we began to conjure up another scene of Pompeii and Herculaneum, and thick we should come off rather worse than Pliny's little fleet in the Bay of Naples. As the breeze increased we worked our way to the westward, leaving the scathing, suffocating mass rolling away to the north upon the eastern board. Once clear, we had a long job to got clear of the ashes— washing and scrubbing in abundance. I have visited seve ral volcanoes in their active stages, but that was a little more of the coalpit business than agreed with my taste in these matters. . " But the grand sublimity of the thing was all to come. As the breeze built up into a dashing wind along came four other ships. When, just as they got fairly in with the north base of this mountain, gazing upon the grand ebullition above them, there followed a long low rumbling directly beneath them, and there sprang into instant exist ence simultaneous with the sound a vast terrific volcano among the very fleet. First, the waters boiled and rose tumultuously into chaotic waves ; then sprang, as by an effort of some vast kmintain, into a splendid column of rolling waters to a great height. This gradually dissi pated. Then from earth to heaven, with a thundering sound which reeked the very welkin, there sprang a burst of smoke and flame as if earth's whole internal fires were seeking a vent therefrom. Following this it commenced casting up lava and pumicestone, from the size of a pebble to that of a boulder, covering all the vessels with lesser fragments of each, and keeping the ships' companies in the most intense anxiety from fear of Dither being blown into the air or crushed beneath the sea. These grades of action continued only for a time, the eruption sinking almost as sudden as it came, when the waters rolled into the vacated chasm with the rush of a whirlwind, meeting in the centre from every direction, and whirling into a vortex only equalled by the Maelstrom, uttering a voice little short of the British Niagara heard from Table Rock. "The ships escaped, leaving the submarine ♦olcano un dergoing a succession of changes of comparative quietude and violent action, its throes assuming about the same character as the first, with unequal intervals limiting the various stages it passed through. " C. H. NEWELL." Naval and Military Intelligence. I.M. steam troopship - Urgent, Commander Phillips, arrived at Spithead yesterday morning from the Mediter ranean, last from Plymouth. 1 1 1.111. korai btockship Pembwcike, 60,. Capt. Fraseil lesveg-Spithead to- d th . Amphitrite, 25, was undocked at Portsnionth yesterday. She is intelided . art 6a4tguai'd service. The Dee steam vessel was taken into Portsmouth steam basin yesterday to discharge boilers and machinery for the Diadem, &c. The Alban, 3, steam vessel, Lieutenant-Commander Blaquire, left Portsmouth yesterday afternobn for the west ward. The Trident, 6, Commander Close, was taken into the steam basin at Portsmouth on Wednesday to have defects repaired. The Algiers, 91, is to be docked on Monday at Ports mouth, to be refitted for further service. The paddlewheel frigate Furious, 12, will be undocked at Portsmouth to-morrow, and forwarded for farther service. The screw steam ship James Watt, 91, Captain T. V. Anson, sailed from Plymouth on Tuesday, and the screw steam frigate Shannon, 51, Captain W. Peel, on Wed nesday, both for Lisbon. Commander Gordon and 20 of the crew of the paddle wheel steam vessel Hecate, 6, being on the sick list with fever, she has been ordered off the coast, and is probably at Ascension. The funeral of Captain A. J. B. Hambly, of the Chatham division of the Royal Marines, took place yes terday,afternoon, and was conductied with all the military honours usually observed on the occasion of the burial of an officer of rank. The deceased officer, who had been 20 years in the corps of the Royal Marines, died at his quarters in the barracks, from which his body was subsequently removed to Melville Hospital, where the funeral procession was formed. In addition to the officers of the Royal Marines a large number of naval officers , belonging to the ships of war lying at Chatham, with the officers of the Provisional Battalion and the Royal and East India Company's Engineers, attended. Captain Hambly entered the corps of Royal Marines in 1837, his commission as second lieutenant bearing the date of August lof that year. He obtained his com pany in 1851. In 1842 the deceased officer served in the Chinese expedition, where he was severely wounded. He also served on board the Monarch in the Baltic dur ing, 1854, and afterwards on the Pacific station until invalided home in May last. The Southampton, 50, Captain E. P. Charlewood (1855), left Chatham yesterday in tow of the African and A.dder steamers for Sheerness. She is to be sta tioned at Harwich, where she will be employed as the guard-ship of the Coastguard. Another discharge of troops from the army took place at Chatham garrison yesterday morning, consisting of 159 non-commissioned officers and men selected from various regiments. Nearly 2,000 troupe have been dis charged from Chatham during the past three months. INTERESTING DiseovEßT.--7Thelast accounts received from the Danubian provinces mention a discovery very interesting to arclimologists, which has just been made in a convent of the Bukowina. There has been found in the convent of Putna the tomb and crown of Stephen the Great, sovereign prince of Moldavia, who ascended the throne in 1498, and died in 1504. This prince, who was as great a warrior as he wa a governor, extended the limits of his states, and supported numerous wars against John, Albert, Alexander 1., and Sigismund 1., King. of Poland, and in which he was always the conqueror. In 1496 in the plains of Bukowina, which then formed part of his government, be gained the battle of Suczawa over a Polish army, 80,000 stron g . He took 20,00 0 priso ners, whom he afterwa r d s employed tillingin the ground , and to whose labours hi s t or i ans a tt r ibuted the inagnifi. cent forests which still c , ver the country and cons titute its the riches. Poles, b Stephen u t after the hisdeathMoldavia, e Great resisted the Turks whichas ‘ h v ell ae as under his reign acquired so brilliant a position, lost her independence. Ills successor, Bogdan IV., sucantted to the Sultan &Um. Since that period Moldally has remained under the suzerainty of the Porte , whit lk some years after assumed the right of nominating t he sov e rei g n chief of the province. • The discovery jest m ade in the Bukowina has aw a k e ned the glorious souven ir of Ste p hen tne Great. A commission has been form ed at Jass y for the purpose of raising a subscription to erect a monu ment and a statue to his memory, and the idea has been . i '.well received by the whole of the inhabitants. [PRICE 4D. STAMPED 5 ii• if OrA t INSTITUTION. Yesterday afternoon, Professor Faraday delivered the last lecture of his Christmas course, which was, as on the former occasions, attended by the Prince of Wales. In the preceding lectures, the attractions of gravitation, of cohesion, of chemical affinity; of electricity, and of magnetism, formed separately the subjects of considera tion ; and in this lecture the relation of these several attractions to each other was exemplified, and they were shown to be the Fame force differently modified. The similarity of gravitation and cohesion had been previously noticed, and it was to exhibit the identity of chemical affinity, electricity, and magnetism, that Professor Fara day eri_shis occasion had particularly in view. He coin menced by giving illustrations of the actions of chemical force by the combustion of iron in oxygen gas, and by the ignition of zinefoil when held in the flame of a spirit lamp, in which phenomena the action of the, chemical attractions subsisting between the metals and the oxy gen produced not only new bodies, but caused the evo lution of light and,beat. Another instance of, chemical affinity was the coating of a piece of clean steel with copper, by immersing it into a solution of that metal. The same solution. when, poured into a silver bowl, at first produced no change, but When apiece of zinc was introduced into the liquid and touched the silver, an immediate deposition of copper ensued. This increase of chemical affinity, occasione r by contact with a dissimilar metal, Professor Faraday observed, was the door into most important phenomena which present chemical affi nity actively exerted in one case and quite inert in another, and as transferred from body to body. The elementary combina'ion of a voltaic battery was then shows by a plate of zinc placed between two plates of copper—the latter being kept apart from the zinc by pieces of wood. This simple arrange rent, which brought chemical affinity into action when the separated zinc and copper plates were immersed is acidulated water, was shown to be sufficienk to make.a piece sal pialtitpum7 wire; that 'con neeted the twb Metals, raid hot.: ---.A.notdier peen, culiarity of the force thus generated by the contact of metals having different chemical affinities to oxygen, was shown try placing affounder on a plate of silver, then putting a small pieoe of zinc on its back, and making communication between the two metals. The flounder jumped and opened its mouth each time that the con tact was made. The effects thus produced by a single pair of plates were repeatedwith a Grove's voltaic battery, consisting of 40 pairs, with greatly increased energy. The brilliant ignition of charcoal, of platinum, and of sil ver, wa- exhibited, and an eel in a tub of water jumped out on to the floor. These phenomena, Professor Faraday taid, were the effects of electricity ; and, to show this more distinctly, he made use of a Zainboni's pile, con- sisting of a great number of alternations of metal leaves, by which instrument the gold leaf electrometer was de flected in the same manner as by an excited glass rod. After thus exhibiting the conversion of chemical force into electricity the pr rcess was reversed, and electricity was converted into chemical force. A. solution of Glen ber's salt was decomposed by the voltaic battery, and the opposite actions of the two poles of the apparatus was shown by litimus paper being turned red when connected with one pole of the battery, and restored to its original bins colour when the poles were reversed. Having by this and by other experiments illustrated the convertibility of electricity into chemical force, Professor Faraday next proceeded to show that the current of the voltaic battery can produce magnetism. This was done by first exhibiting the deflections of a balanced needle by a single wire connecting the poles of a voltaic battery ; and afterwards increasing the power by coiling the wire, an electro magnet was made of sufficient at tractive force to hold large masses of iron. Lastly, magnetism was shown to be convertible into electricity ; and the original magneto-electric machine, made by Mr. Saxton, was exhibited is action, exciting brilliant elec• tric sparks by the rotation of a piece of soft iron co vered with wire in the front of a powerful permanent steel magnet. The seemingly different attractive pciwers were thus proved to be one and the same force differently modified ; and Professor Faraday observed that the problem now remaining to be solved is the ,me termination of the nature of the force which, under dif ferent conditions, produces the varied phenomena which on a first view seem to result from the operation of dis tinct forces. At the conclusion of the lecture there was a loud burst of applause. The Prince of Wales remained for some time examining the apparatus on the lecture table. _HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK. (Irma the Repart.of the Registran.-General.) In the week that ended on Saturday, the deaths of 1,497 persons, viz., 761 males and 736 females, were registered in London. In the first week of the year, dnring the period 1847-56, the average number of deaths was 1,321 ; and if this is raised in proportion to increase of population, for comparison with the number in the present return, it be comes 1,463. The deaths now recorded exhibit an excess of 44 over the corrected average. The number of deaths registered last week is augmented to a very considerable extent by deaths, in reference to which inquests have been held, 'loving been entered in.the. register books in'more than their just weekly proportion. Manz , of such cases were not registered till the end of the quarter, though they had oceur:ed and been investigated by the coroner at earlier dates ; for 25 deaths were refer- red last week to burns and scalds, 16 to banging and suf focation, 29 to drowning, 48 to fractures, 7 to wounds ; 45 deaths were returned of persons found dead, or who died suddenly front an unknown or unstated cause. Under these heads and a few others the excess will chiefly be found. Hooping-cough appears to have been more fatal last week than any other disease in the zymotic class ; 51 chil dren died of it. Measles was fatal in 38 cases, typhus and common fever in 37, scarlatina in 29, small pox in 5. Measles prevail chiefly in the north districts, Marylebone, Camden-town, Islington. Six children died of it in the sub-district of Islington West. A family is mentioned by the registrar of Hackney-road, in which four children have been attacked by scarlatina maligns, and two have died. A seaman died on the 20th December from " want of sufficient nourishment," and a widow on the 28th, " ap parently from destitution." The deaths of 8 persons were registered last week who had attained the age of 99 years or upwards. A man who hail been a butler was the oldest, and died at the age of 91 years. irast week the births of _1,025 boys and 948 girls, in all 1,913 children, wore registered in London': In the ten cor respoildiAg weeks of the years 1847-56 the average dumber was 1,598 At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean height of the barometer in the week was 29.746 in. The mean daily reading was above 30 in. on Tuesday and Wednesday. Tha highest reading was 30.13 in. on Wednesday, and the lowest 23.97 in. on Saturday. The mean temperature of the week was 40.6 deg., which is 3.7 deg. above the average of the same week in 43 years (as determined by Mr. Glaisher). The mean temperature was 11.3 deg. below the average on Sunday, and was as much above it on Thursday. The lowest temperature on Sunday was 18.5 deg., and on the following Thursday it was 44.5 deg. The highest tem perature occurred on Friday, and was 52.7 dog., and the range of the week was 34.2 deg. Tho mean dew-point temperature was 37.1 deg., and the difference between this and the mean air temperature was 3.5 deg. The mean tem perature of the water of the Thames was 39 deg. The tem perature of the river ranged from 36.9 deg. to 41.5 deg. The direction of the wind was generally west-south-west. Tho horizontal movement of the air on Saturday was 410 miles. A very heavy gale of wind blew on the evening of that day, accompanied with frequent showers. Between 7 and 10 o'clock p.m. the pressure of wind on tho square foot varied from 10 to 12 lhs. The amount of rain in the week was 0.23 in. which fell on three days. HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE QUAIITE.R. (F , oni, the Official Report.) The number of deaths registered in London during the quarter ending December 27, 1856, was 14,118. On com paring this result with the number returned in the last quarters of 18 )2.55, and taking the growth of the popula tion into account, it will be seen that the public health was tolerably good ; and, as regards children, the reduction of mortality from some of those diseases which waste infant life appears to show that it was rather better than usual. But the comparison now made shows only an improvement which may be temporary, not that superior and permanent condition of health which only measures that promote the moral and physical well-being of a populous community can effect. The deaths from zymotic diseases in the quarter were altogether 2,902, being little more than a fifth part of the total number. 74 persons died of small pox ; the numbers in the two previous corresponding quarters were 289 and 177. Scarlatina was fatal in 1,297 cases in the last three mouths of 1854 ; in the same period of 1855 it was fatal in 774 cases ; last quarter the number was 556. Measles was rather prevalent in the quarter, and carried off 372 child ren. The number of persons who died of typhus and com mon fever was 611, which is less than usual in the autumn months. Of th , se cases 194 occurred in the east division— Shoreditch, Bethnal-green, Mile-end, Although the east division contains a much less population than the south, the deaths from fever were considerably more in the former than in the latter. But the deaths from measle s on the south side of the rive r were 102, being double the number that occurred ins. he east districts, which appear . en joyed_ also grter exemption from small-pox to have than the other parts of London. The mortality from diarrhoea was not great : this complaint was fatal in 316 cases, and was not, ap parently, more comm on i n one part than in another. Phthisis carried off 1,785 persons in the quarter, bronchitis 1,432, pneumonia 1,179, asthma 174. Pulmonary diseases were more fatal than in the same quarter of 1855 • and this was due, at least in part, to those ra pid atmospheric tran sitions which marked the beginning of December. In six weeks of the quarter the mean temperature was above the average ;in seven below it. Iu oue week it fell to 35 deg., and in the next it rose to 51 deg.; and by the end of the year the mean weekly temperature was again 35 deg. Of the 14,118 deaths, 2,285, or a b ou t a sixth part, oc curred in public institutions—namely, 1,271 in workhouses, 20 in prisons, 65 in military and naval asylums, 72 in luna tic asylums, 17 in hospitals for foreigners, 58 in military and naval hospitals, and 782 in general and special hospi tals for the sick. From January to Novembe the value of plate glad' exported as an arsicle of British manufacture was, 57,851/. THE CONVICT MANSELL.—Yesterday, upon the fiat of the Attorney-General, the writ of error against the judgment and sentence of this prisoner, who is now under respite of sentence of death for the murder of his superior officer, was issued from the Petty Bag Office. y//7 IRELAND. DUBLIN, THURSDAY MOM/ W., • THE INCOME TAX. The movement against the war ninepence is /lbw . fairly in operation a t this side of the Channo!.. The most important of the provincial denionstrations came off yesterday in the city of Cork, upon whit h 00;asion a large and influential body of citizens MIA' in the Court-house for the purpose of protesting against the continuance of the tali i its Oeient shape. The Mayor presided ; and;thn#rst iroitt tion, of which th e f o ll owing i s a c O pyi 'w'as propoiied in a lengthened speech by Mr. W. Fagan, one of the city members : " That, though the Irish nation had scarcely recovered in 1853 from the previous y ear! . Of,fatuine and froth cumulated local taxation weer :Like income tax 17'148 ox- , tended to Ireland, yet it has not only acquiesced in its impos'it'ion, but it has most readily submitted to this in quisiiorial and inequitable tax being more than doubled during the prosecution of a just and necessary war, on the final of which were stak e d th e h onour of the em pire liberties of Western E uro p e ," and resultthe Mr. Edmund Burke seconded the resolution. The second resolution was proposed by Colonel 13eatnish, and seconded by Mr. J. F. Maguire, M.P. : - - "That the act of 1854, which raised the tax to ls. 2d. in the pound during the war, enacted that 12 mouths after the sth of April succeeding its actual termination. • the increase should cease 'and determine, while the act of 1855, which added 2d. more in the pound to the tsar, p enacted that the whole increase should cease twelve months after the sth of April succeeding - the ratifi- cation of the treaty of peace; that the ear was termi. „ nated by the Conference at Paris on the 30th of May last, and consequently, by the act of 1854; the increase , would cease on. the sth of April next. That the ratifica tion of the treaty, a formal act, was received on the 30th of May last, and thus by the ac - , of 1855 the increase would not determine until 12 months after the sth of April next. That this meeting, in common with the whole country, do protest against this discrepancy be tween the verbal provisions of two acts of Parliament being taken advantage of to impose on an overtaxed community a war•tax during two years after the war has terminated, and therefore require from the Government and Parliament a due fulfilment of the engagement with the country, freed from points of law— , namely, that in 12 naoetbs.frosti the sth of April last, the increased in.; come tax imposed by reason of the pas shOnidl , eiiii;ssid determine ; and the increase of the revenue`a►nd the contemplated reducti )n in the :army estimw es, as stated by Lord Panmure, further justify this rational and mode wive expectation oft a people." The third resolution was as follows : " That the act of 1853, which provides for the gradual reduction of the tax and for its total extinction in 1860, should be adhered to, and that steps should be taken immediately to render the law, while it exists, less inquisitorial in its provisions, and to cause the tax itself to be more equitably levied, distinguishing be tween realised property and industrial capital, and between fixed and uncertain means, whether the latter accrue from the exercise of the learned professions, or in the fields of literature, or in the pursuits of trade."_. A petition founded upon the foregoing resolutions having been unanimously adopted the meeting broke up. County meetings for the same purpose were held on Tuesday in Derry and Carlow. SELF-RIGHTING LIFE-BOATS. The following communication on the very impOr taut principle of self-righting in life-boats has been addressed to a contemporary. The clear description Captain Ward, R.N., gives of the Liverpool life boats is deserving at this moment of the greatest consideration : Sir,—ln your paper of to-day is a letter signed " Walter Severn," and headed " Life-boats warranted to right themselves after drowning the crew." This latter is of so unjustifiable and mischievous a cha racter, that I consider the refutation of its statements to be a public duty. It is unjustifiable, in that it is founded ou the hypothesis that the Point of Ayr life-boat, which recently upset and drowned its crew, was a self-righting life-boat, which she was not ; a circumstance which Mr. Severn might have readily ascertained before publi.hing an attack on all self righting life-boats, by an inquiry at this institution. It is mischievous, in that its tendency, whether intentionally so or not, must be to awaken prejudice against an important and valuable property in a life-boat, and possibly to lessen the confidence of the crews of such boats in the possession of that property as an additional security to their lives. The Point of Ayr life-boat, like the others belonging. to the Liverpool Dock Company, some of which I have care fully examined, was not eonstructed to self-right. They are the most primitive description of life-boataof any in tho kingdom, being merely large open boats, with a number of empty casks secured within them under the thwarts, and the only life-boat property which they possess being the amount of buoyancy that is afforded by these casks, which would prevent their altogether sinking if filled by a'sea. On such an occurrence taking place—which they ranst be constantly liable to if they adventure into any really heavy broken water, or alongside a vessel over which the sea is breaking—they become at once waterlogged and disabled, until by the slow process of baling or pumping they are lightened of the water within them. If upset, they would more readily float " keel upwards" than in their natural position, whilst, from having no ballast, which I believe none of them have, they cannot offer the same resistance to upsetting which a well-ballasted boat would do. Thee life-boats which during the last four years have been placed •n the coast by this institution are all of them selfsrightiog r .bsit ilaseeeme- Riataiwwbiall- - Ke4m4 11 9,795 1 . t° obtain that power contribute tench to their efficiency aid" — safety in other respects. If filled by a sea the water would in a few seconds be self-discharged, without the aid of pump or baler. Having heavy iron keels and other bal last, and likewise other properties which increase lateral stability, they would be exceedingly difficult to upset, bu if upset they would instantaneously self-right, and return to an upright position, The crew, to be sure, would be all thrown overboard; but each man, being supplied with a superior life-belt, would be floated with his shoulders above the water's surface, and by the aid of life-lines, which surround the boat, he could without much difficulty get into her again. In one instance only has one of the above described boats been upset, which was occasioned by the capsizing of a schooner upon the life-boat. The self righting property of the latter was then the sole cause of the preservation of her own crew and that of the schooner, for had she not been righted they would all undoubtedly have perished. I need add no more with reference to these boats than that they have been the means of saving several crews of wrecked vessels during the recent storms, and that they have the unbounded confidence of their crews. As regards the class of double lifeboats, to which that advocated by Mr. Severn belongs, they undoubtedly would be most difficult to upset, and cannot, unless seriously in jured; be swamped • but it is.not sp ced.a..ll4.Plat,,they can he as readily propelled against a heavy sea as, 9rd n ry shaped boats, or that they possess equal advantages tb them in seine other respects. The National Lifeboat Institution owns one of that de scription—the double tubular lifeboat invented by Henry Richardson, Esq., of N orth Wales. She has saved a vessel's crew in the late gales, and is reported to have behaved very well, but sufficient trial has not yet been made of her to enable us to speak positively of her qualities. It is no doubt a natural thing that Mr. Severn'should advocate, and think highly of, a brother's invention ; but I conceive that before publicly denouncing a class of boats already in use, of which he is wholly ignorant, but which possess the confidence of those who use them, the public have a right to expect that he should at the least take the ;rouble to make some inquiry respecting them. J. R. WARD, Commander, R.N., Inspector of Lifeboats to the Royal National Lifeboat Institution. 4, John-street, Adelphi, Jan. 8, 1857. LOST ON THE GOODWIN."—A. correspondent, sigtOng himself Delta, in writing to a contemporary, says : " Sir,—Are these tearful words to be eternally ringing in our ears! Some means other than lighthouses should lie devised to warn the poor mariner from impending de struction. The lighthouse during a snow storm is worthless. Why not try the effect of sound ? Let these fatal sands be thickly covered with buoys, and to each buoy let a large sonorous bell be attacoed. The clang of 1,000 great bills set in motion by a tumultuous sea would almost awaken the Earl of Goodwin himself. Why, Sir, the chorus would be heard balf across the channel ' • and we should hear of n o more vessels being engulfed in the Goodwin San ds." Tip: GIFT OF TONGUES.—It is well carefully to sots the difference between Russia and England in regard to the cultivation of languageforraSmtna,taerpiunrpaonseys.dipTlohmeziics not a country possessi n g a has not the acquisition relation with St. Petersburg which of its native tongue provided for in or near the Russian capital. At the imperial gymnasium, Novo-Toherskak, in the country of the Den Cossacks, military interpreters and translators for the Caucasian invasions are taught Arabic, Tartaric, Avarian, and Tscherkessian ; at Storopol, Tartaric and Tscherkessian form part of the educational system ; anti throughout the land young and Able students are diligently trained to carry on free intercourse with foreign nations. English statesmen might do idler things than take this shrewd example into their consideration, and establish competent schools for instruction iu the languages that bear upon our immense Asiatic and Indian interests. From the San- Resit, through the Affghan, Bokharan, Kurdian, Armenian, Albanian, to the Persian, Turkish, and Chinese, it ought to bes our first care to see that native Englishmen could be found to conduct the important affairs of the British et.lpire in these languages ; and even their Bengali, Maha:atti, Guzerati, Assaniese,Kash merian, Khasiyan, and oiler varieties. It is imperative to encourage the study of iShe Oriental languages in Eng land, that we may have scholars capable of conversing with nativfs, and thus prociaring supplies, gathering in formation, translating docuinents, writing circulars or proclamations, carrying on p arleys, assisting at confer ences, and wording treaties. That we should usually need the intervention of strangt•rs in such business is no sign of our wisdom. In all other countries which have any political, commercial, or religious connection with the East provision has .been made to effect this ; and ever since the day s of the Empress Catherine Russia has won many a success through. the qualifications of her diplomatic linguists. Sr. Petersburg there is a chair' for every b °il of o:iontal literature ; and at Ka ean and eleavl uiar f; the chief languages of the E ast are g A y re counted taught. The French Academy haa Govern department of Eastern philology, br at b `bi s fs ire taught by among its members the leading represicandits:tirtheee Gofoevveerrny. ment school for the living tongues, .;,,isie'vna the Oriental the most eminent professors. dAtserni D ates the choicest seminary of the Imperial p ress - Di sen sa srk and Prussia Oriental works, bile even raise Oriental schola rs, and ieterpreters. .-- fa •ens s Household am pls . tli k em :on missions, and as consuls and Words. E PET a S 7-4 In fcap. Bvo., with Illustrations, price 55., CLOVER COTTAGE; or, I CAN'T GET IN. A Novelette. By the Author of " The Falcon Family," &c. Chapman and Mall, 193, Piccadilly. LONDON NEW POSTAL DISTRICTS.- The MAP of LONDON, coloured t• show the aew Postal District', prepared by direction of her Majesty's Postmaster-gene ral. for the use of the Provincial and London post•offices, to facili tate the earlier delivery of letters, &c., can toe obtained of Fdward Stanford, 6, Charing•cross, S.W. Price, sheet, ss. ; case, 7s. Gd. ; rollers varnished, 10s. 6d. -,4, , e , ifilf _T. , .. c ct 1 74, - -.4 ko ' VW' 4(r.i'''l: .Z i - f t._ - ; ai :fri l i : . I .}l ti, "- : . 1..., ~ , • ~. L -4 - „ ~,,. , 44.1 _ ~,. . ~.." l tr '' ' "'''*'- ' . ''' \4'' A 1 14111 04 . -.; t' ---' - V, , • 41‘,",.N „ Sig, *4 c„ •If ~....,,. 1\ ' \,_ L ,".,; . „:,-.0. , - • / • , _ - • ' - e r "'" i .5‘ '''' .'. 1 i.'" 1 v •V` L , -A6 4, _ q 4 IS 4