The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1839-09-20 00:00:00

t-s - w• FOR E G INTELLIGENCE. SPAIN. VNTRANCE OF DON CARLOS INTO FRANCE. PARIS, SUNDAY NIGHT, HALF-PAST EIGHT, P.M.—Don .Carlos has at length entered France. This important intel ligence has been communicated in the Moniteur Parisien of this evening in the annexed telegraphic despatches : " TPiE SOUS-PREFET OF BAYONNE TO THE MINISTER OF T`HE INTERIOR. " BAYONNE, SEPT. 14.—Don Carlos has claimed (re claw') hospitality and a refuge. He has just entered France with his family." " THE GENERAL COMMANDING THE TWENTIETH MILITARY DIVISION TO THE MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. " I3AYONNE, SEPT. 14.—General Eguia, the Marquis of Valdespina, and Silvestre, General of Engineers, entered by the Aldudes." The Carlist cause now depends upon Cabrera and the Count d'Espagne. The Nonvelaste, which I send herewith with the Messager and Gazelle de France, has the following : " We hear from a very good source, that the ministy has given the most precise instructions and the most rigorous orders to the authorities of the frontiers, in order that Don Carlos, as soon as he shall pyesent himself on the French territory, shall be conducted to a strong place (the fort of Ilk is even mentioned), from which he will not depart till after he has solemnly engaged no more to trouble the peace of the Peninsula. The French Government, agreed on this subjeCt with the Spanish Government, is also in condition to guarantee to Don Carlos a sufficient pension for him and his family." The Paris papers of Tuesday contain the following tele graphic despatches -- " BAYONNE, SEPT. 15. (Arrived the 16th.) „ " THE GENERAL COMMANDING THE 20TH MILITARY DI VISION TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL. " Yesterday 6 Alavese battalions, 2 Navarrese, and all the Carlist staff, with the Generals Elio and Negri, took refuge in our territory, where they have been disarmed. Espartero arrived at Urdax instantly, and put himself into communication with ow troops. The arms of the Car lists have been, delivered to him, and we have given bread to his troops." _ " BAY ONNE, SEPT. 15. (Arrived the 16th.) " THE SUB-PREFECT TO THE MINISTER OF THE INTERIOR. ", Learning, on the evening of the 13th, the arrival of the pretender at Urdax, I went to Ainhoa and pointed out to him what he should do—namely, that being shut in by the christinos and our troops on three leagues of frontier, he should pass into France, and then it would be easy for me to interfere for a capitulation to guarantee the fate of his fa „l-,(t At noon the intendant-general announced that the pre igniler.was about to enter. i,l`,M. de la Lande informed me at two o'clock th a t D on arlos was still undecided. I then closed altogether the frontier, and, at three o'clock, it was announced to me that po k tarlos was about to enter, . r ili!.As firing was heard, a thousand refugees, non-combat !Adis, entered, and, at h a lf-p as t th ree o'clock, Don Carlos and his family appeared. I had them instantly conducted to a place of safety, and I returned to the frontier again to direct the refugees, who, to the number of 2,000, were dri ven in by Espartero. " I saw General Espartero, who expressed to me and the colonel of the 37th his perfect satisfaction." This despatch omits all mention of Dun Sebastian, and it is still doubtful if he is included in the term " the family of Don Carlos." 'Whether he be or not is a matter of little moment, as the war is quite at an end in the north, Elio, who has crossed the frontier, being the sole officer capable of heading the troops. It is finally determined by the French government to send Don Carlos and his suite to the Chateau of Bourges, in the province of Berri, about 58 leagues south of Paris. The frontier letters say that the Count d'Espagne has also submitted, and retires again into France. MONETARY AFFAIRS. A HIM. Or THE UNITED STATES BANK DISHONOURED. n. 4 9?=l-,(Prom the Morning Post.) e • q.b... vy received last night the subjoined most important com munication from Havre. The dishonour of a draft of the United States Bank is an event that cannot fail to produce a very great sensation throughout the whole of the commercial world. There seems, however, no doubt of the fact, and we can only say that we deeply regret it. As regards the amount of the draught in question, we should think there must surely be some mistake ; yet we have no alternative but to present to our readers the information we have received upon the subject as it comes before us. It is from our own corres pondent : " HAVRE-DE-GRACE, Saturday, September, 14.—Three o'Clock.—This town, or rather the commercial portion of it, is quite in a commotion, in consequence of a circumstance of immense importance which has just occurred in the mercan tile world here. You are, of course, aware, that Havre is the great entrepot of the products of the New World, as far as France is concerned ; and that its transactions with the Uni ted States of America, carried on by a double line of packet ships from hence to New York and New Orleans, are there fore, the transactions of the French nation. In their ambi tion to rival the manufactures of England, and consequently to dispense with them altogether, the commercial capitalists of this country have, for the last two or three years, over traded in cotton. One of the fearful results of this gambling system of speculation has just fallen on this city like a thun derbolt. This morning a bill of the United States Bank for a,-sum little short of a million sterling was dishonoured by the house on which it was drawn in Havre, one of the oldest and most opulent commercial establishments in France, and connected with the house of Baring, Brothers, and Co. of London. You can hardly conceive the consternation this' cirrumstance has caused here, or the injury which is likely to accrue from it to the mercantile community. Many per sons say that the act was rash and unadvised, and urge in strong term& the certain solvency of the United States Bank ; while others, on the contrary, say that it was a well-timed and well-managed tour d'addresse, to prevent the Americans playing the same trick with France as they did with England in 1837 ; that is, in plain terms, overreaching their too cre dulous European correspondents. This latter opinion pre vails amongst the majority of the men of business in Havre. Be this, however, as it may the American merchants in the town, as well as those native houses less largely engaged in heavy transactions with the Western Continent, or not so well informed as the house in question, are all in utter de spair ; and the Americans, so long everything with the French nation, are now as much out of favour as they were before preferred by them. Since Havre be came th e Li verpoo l o f France never was 'Change in so agitated a state as it has been all this day. America is now looked on as bankrupt once more." The United States (Biddle's Bank,) was, it will be recol lected, the National Bank of America, up to a recent p er i o d, when, upon the expiration of its charter, the renewal of it was successfully opposed by the government. The establish ment has, nevertheless, lost but little, if any, of its influence andpower. The capital of the bank is thirty-five millions of dollars, or seven millions sterling; and as, upon making in quiry in a well informed quarter, we find that its liabilities do not exceed ten, millions of dollars, its solvency may be calcu lated upon as undoubted. The Havre house (that of Hot tingner and Co. we believe,) will possibly be prevailed upon tq lay the draft at maturity ; but, however this may turn out,, it is satisfactory to know that its non-acceptance, or even its non-payment eventually, is not likely to produce any bad result in England. The firm recently formed in Lancashire, are not „drawn upon by the Bank of the United States, and they catuaot therefore, be inconvenienced by its bill transac tions. The Bank of England was said to have made advances tothe agency here, butthis was contradicted by o ur c ity cor - ' respondent two or three days since, and we are enabled to confirm the accuracy of his statement. (From the Morning Herald of Tuesday.) Considerable sensation was created during the early part of the day amongst our leading commercial interests by the announcement that the private letters from Paris and Havre contained information that the highly respectable banking firm of Hottinguer and Company, of the latter city, had dis honoured the drafts of the United States Bank which were drawnupon them. The amount of the bills thus dishonoured his been greatly exaggerated, since we have good reason to believe that it is not over £280,000 sterling. We also un derstand that means have been adopted for the taking up of ,these bills for the honour of the parties who drew them, by firms of great eminence here. There is not much reason to believe, as the French papers assert, that these bills originated in cotton speculations ; at the same time however, it is pretty evident that the bank of the United States has over-rated the resources of its agency in this country. The bills in question have undoubtedly passed through this money market, and, being rejected here, have passed to the Paris discount mar ket, which is somewhat fortunate, or the effects of their dis hoimur might have been more serious. It is hoped that oc cnrrences like this will not again occur, else the bank of the United States, while it obtains much discredit, must injure the commercial interests on this side of the Atlantic. No blame whatever has been ascribed to the firm of Hottinguer and Company, but the loose manner in which the United States bank has acted, offers a powerful moral. Mr. Jaudon, upon Whom these bills were drawn, and who by consequence, is to a degree an unwilling agent, has left London for Paris, it is p'restuned, to arrange this matter. • (From the Morning Herald of Thursday.) CITY.—WEDNESDAY EVENING. —The affair of the dis honour of the bills of the Bank of the United States has lost nothing of its importance amongst our monetary and commercial interests, who still r ema i n ser i ous l y anxious as to the results. N o advices have been received to-day from Paris or Havre, which throw much light upon the subject ; letters, however, have been received from Mr. Jaudon, which express a decided feeling that s he will be enabled to make arrangements on behalf of the honour of the United States Bank. We cordially trust that he will succeed, as this is a period when the money markets of the world can but with difficulty bear anything like extraneous or accidental pressure. COURT CIRCULAR. W. 4 NDSOR, TUESDAY.—Her Majesty, accompanied by the King and Queen of the &leans and the Duchess of Kent, wept this morning to Bagshot-park, the residence of her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester. Lady Charlotte Dun dase the Hon. Miss Pitt, and Colonel Wemyss followed the illsatrious party in another Royal carriage and four. The Rgyjkl party returned to the Castle at 2 o'clock precisely. The Earl of Minto left the Castle this morning for town. The Countess of Sandwich and the Hon. Mrs. George Campbell are expected to arrive this evening at the Castle to succeed Lady Lyttelton and Lady Harriet Clive as the Lady and Woman of the Bedchamber in Waiting on the Queen. The Earl of Fingall and Vice-Admiral Sir Robert Otway left the Castle this morning, and will be replaced as the Lord and Groom in Waiting on Her Majesty by Lord Byron and the Hon. Major Keppel. The Royal dinner party of this evening is expected to in clude the Belgian Minister, the Duke of Wellington, the Russian Charge d'Affaires, the Prussian Charge d'Affaires; Countess Dowager and Lady Frances Cowper; Viscounts Melbourne, Palmerston, and Torrington ; the Dean of W ind sor and the Hon. Mrs. Hobart, Hon. Sir Edward and Lady Cust, Sir Robert and Lady Gardiner, Hon. Miss Paget, Hon. Charles Howard, Hon. William Cowper, and the ladies and gentlemen of the Royal suite. A STRANGE CASE OP BIGAMY.—Last Wednesday night, Dodgson and Davidson, two of the new police, in Bury, apprehended a man, named Thomas Sharrocks, of Bury, overlooker of power-looms, on a charge of bigamy; and on proof of the facts connected with the transaction being made before Mr. E. Grundy and J. Renton, Esqrs., he was com mitted to the New Bailey, to take his trial at the ensuing quarter sessions. The facts are, perhaps, the strangest con nected with a case of bigamy on record. About four years ago, Sharrocks married his first wife, Betty Hibbert, at Ratcliffe, and it appears that they lived together com fortably. It seems, however, that he thought another wife would make his happiness and his household complete ; and he accordingly succeeded in persuading a young woman, aged about eighteen years, of prepossing appearance, un known, to her parents. to become his second wife, and they were married on the 29th of July l as t. Th e s t rangeness of the,transaction is, that the first wife went to her husband's second marriage —officiated as bridesmaid—and actually pulled her own wedding-ring from her finger, and with that ring the ceremony was performed. On the apprehension of Sharroeks, his wives " thought it hard that the law should interfere with them if they were comfortable." After Sharrocks :had been committed, and had been removed to the station, he was visited by both his wives; and the fellow there boasted that no man ever had two better wives at once, and that when he came back he would stick to them through life, and lose his last drop of blood in their defence.—Man choler Guardian. THE HARVEST. LEEDS.—The weather, during the past week, has been very unsettled, alternately fine and dry, wet and cold, but, nevertheless, we have had several fine days, and great pro gress has been made in the harvest, the changeableness of the weather inducing farmers to make the most of their advantages.—Leeds Intelligencer. RICHMOND.—The crops of corn in the neighbourhood of Richmond are very fine, and in general all standing. The unfavourable weather we have had lately has rather retarded the harvest, but it is now in full vigour, and reapers are in great request, so much so, that at the village of M e l son by, the farmers are goin g as high as 4s. 4d. and 4s. 6d. per day. —lbid. BARNSLEY.—The theee fine days, (viz) Sunday, Monday, and Tuesday, have don e muc h in orwarding the harvest in this neighbourhood ; a great quantity has been got together in fine condition, and had the weather been fine on Wednes days, scores of acres would have been stacked also. Our Moor-edge farmers have all got together their hay crops, and some few fields of wheat are nearly ready for the sickle, in that quarter. This (Thursday) morning is beautiful and fine, the sun shining brilliently with a strong dry wind blowing from the north west ; the farmers are all active in the fields, preparing to house their crops, should the day hold out fine, the produce of scores of acres will be seen rustling down our lanes, to the joy of the industrious farmers.—Bid. HULL.—The weather was very favourable from Sunday to Wednesday morning, and a good deal of corn was housed. A continuance of favourable weather for another week or ten day would have been nearly the whole of the grain secured, but on Wednesday the rain fell heavily. The statements as to the probable yield are, of course, various; but there is no doubt that the crop will be more than an average one, especially in Howdenshire, which is admitted to be the richest agricultural district in Yorkshire, and by some authors designated as the land flowing with milk and honey. The growth of wheat, in particular, is expected to average from four to five, and in some districts five and a half, quarters per acre ; some experienced shearers assert that they scarcely ever sheared the corn more heavy in the ear. From several parts of the country the accounts are of the same gratifying nature. The late heavy rains have not materially injured the corn about Howden.—Hull Times. LANCASTER.—We lament to say we have had almost another whole week of most disastrous weather. The wheats, it is to be much feared, have suffered considerably—in some instances to a fatal extent. The barleys weather the storm better, and oats; as far as we can learn, are nothing the worse. All about this neighbourhood, and Over Sands, the grain awaits the sickle. Reaping has been going on by piecemeal for some time, but the farmer has no sooner got into his field, than he is driven forth again by the rain, which has generally fallen in torrents. There is a better prospect at the time of writing (Friday afternoon) but really, we have all been deceived so often of late, in regard to the wea ther, that it is idle to prognosticate. It is lamentable to find that the bad weather has not been confined to our own part of the country, but has extended itself on all sides, so putting in jeopardy the harvest in general. Lancaster Gazette. GLASGOW.—We are sorry to say that since Friday the weather has been extremely unfavourable. On Friday night and Saturday morning we had a perfect hurricane of wind and rain, and throughout the day the rain was almost inces sant. Sabbath morning, too, the rain fell in torrents, and although the sun shone brightly for a few hours throughout the day, and we had a rich glowing sunset, which promised better things, yesterday morning was ushered in like the two previous days with wind and rain. The day, however, cleared up. The heavy crops in this neighbourhood have been slightly damaged, and we are afraid, from the state of the river on Sabbath, that much more damage may have been done in other localities, as it appears the storm has been pretty general for a considerable circuit around Glas gow.—Scottish Guardian. STIRLINGSHIRE.—We regret to learn that the effects of the long-continued wet weather have lately assumed a rather serious appearance in the wheat grounds. Where the crops are strong and heavy—for it is the best that have suffered most—they have been much laid, and patches are to be seen throughout the fields in every direction, green from the prostrate grain springing into growth. This, it is to be feared, will have the effect of very seriously deteriorating the wheat sample this season. The other crops have suffered but little from the same cause. Fortunately the last few days of the week have been rather favourable, so that much has been cut down, and that previously in stock so far dried, that a very little steady weather must fit it in safety for the stack-yard.—Stirling Journal. ISLE OF MAN.—The past week has been distinguished by a great deal more wet than drought, no fewer than four en tire rainy days having intervened since Saturday last, with many casual showers, greatly obstructing husbandry opera tions, and delaying the ripening of the grain. Still the quantity of rain we have had in the Isle of Man is compara tively trifling to what has fallen in the north of England.— Manx Liberal. DTIBLIN.—The weather has assumed a more fixed and fa vourable appearance, which, we doubt not, the increased energy of the farmer will turn to good account in retrieving the time already lost, and mitigating the injuries already sus tained.—Dublin Evening Mail. BELFAST.—We regret that it is not yet in our power to make favourable mention of the weather. A great deal of rain has fallen during the past week, and though we have had some glimpses of sunshine, they have been few and f ar between, and the prevailin g character of the last few days has been wet, and, generally speaking, unpropitious for harvest work. Yesterday there appeared some likelihood of a change for the better, the glass rising, the wind in a to lerable good quarter, and the sky losing its dull, leaden, spongy look, and putting on something like a cheerful ex pression; but we regret to state, our anticipations have been suddenly and painfully quashed. At the time we are now writing (2 a. m.) the rain has been descending, for upwards of an hour, in !perfect torrents—any thing equal to the tre mendous and continued rush of waters we have scarcely ever witnessed; and if it has been at all general, our hopes of the crops will be very faint indeed. Nothing in the shape of standing grain could, we should suppose, stand up under so massive a fall of rain ; and we greatly fear that this week will bring us disastrous accounts from very many dis tricts round about.—Bejfast Chronicle. NEWRY, SEPT. 17.—0 n Saturday we had a sad change of weather—the rain pouring in torrents from morning until night. It was but little betier on Sunday morning; to wards the afternoon, however, the sky brightened, and cleared up ; yesterday, again, it rained almost incessantly. The state of the crops, under such deplorable circumstances. we dread even to contemplate. A portion only of the grain has been cut in this part of the country, and even that must have suffered great injury : the remainder of the crops generally speaking, are prostrate, and in a perishing condi tion.—Newry Telegraph. TIPPERARY.—Since our last we have scarcely had two consecutive hours' cessation from rain. Our worst fears of the injury threatened to the crops will be realized—the con tinued wet and wind must inevitably be of disastrous con sequences to the country. Tuesday was fair at intervals, but we had occasionally harsh winds accompanied by showers. —Nenagh Guardian. CORR.—Weather could scarcely be more variable, or more unsuited to the purposes of the agriculturist, than the present. The early part of Saturday was fine, with a sharp, strong breeze from the north, but about one o'clock it begun to rain, and did not cease until near morning. Sunday was soft, but dry. Yesterday opened with perhaps the finest and most promising appearance of any day this year ; but about noon the rain came on, and continued until after three o'clock. It then cleared till seven o'clock, since when we have had a con stant, though not heavy mist. These frequent changes are a great interruption to harvest operations, for the work of one part of the day is spoiled by the rain of another. For the re sult of the harvest serious apprehensions are entertained. Even should it prove less unproductive than is feared, the difficulty of saving will enhance considerably the expense of the farmer. Such accounts as we are furnished with from other parts of the country we have given in our first page. In anticipation of what seems now to be generally expected— a very short supply—extensive purchases have been made abroad ; but then comes the question--how are they to be paid for ? The Bank has not the gold : where is it to come from ? When the country is drained of its bullion, how is another mercantile " crisis" to be averted ? and can the country bear another? The following extract is from a let ter from Mitchelstown, dated September 14 :—" There is a great deal of corn not yet reaped in this neighbourhood. Farmers say they will not have two-thirds of a good crop this year. Oats is a good crop, but the principal part laid by rain and wind. Potatoes a good crop, but wet. Straw will be a scarce article in the coining season ; great part of it rotten." —Cork Constitution. KILKENNY.—Since our last report, which was up to tha 10th instant, we have had the most variable weather. The 10th, 11th, and 12th, with the exception of a few showers on the latter day, were fine harvest days ; and our farmers fully availed themselves of the favourable opportunity thus afforded, by securing a great breadth of wheat and barley, much of which was beginning to sprout. On the 13th the weather again changed, and it rained from noon on that day until the night of the 14th, casting dismay and gloom over all our pre vious hopes and prospects. The - 15th, 16th, and 17th con tinued showery ; however, every fine hour is embraced with avidity, by which means we are making progress though ra ther tardy. We have still some wheat unripe —one-third of the barley, and three-fourths of the oat crop is as yet unfit for the sickle ; and we fear a part of the latter crop will not ripen this season. Our markets for the last week have been scantily supplied. New wheat sold from 335. to 355. for inferior ; prime, 375. to 40s. ; barley, 18s. to 21s. ; oats, 15s. to 16s. per barrel ; old oats advanced to 20s. per barrel. New hay 3s. 6d. ; old, ss. per cwt. Straw; 4s. to 4s. 6d. per cwt. — Kilkenny Moderator. GLENARM.—The storm and rain of Saturday last have done great injury to the crops in this neighbourhood, and damped the hopes of the farmer considerably, more especi ally after the tine weather of the preceding days.—Ulster Times. WHIG CONSISTENCY.—WhiIe the whigs are endeavouring to establish throughout the country an extensive police, or (as the French have it) gendarmerie, subject to their own rule, and applicable to their own purposes, it ought not to be forgotten that they are the self-same persons who, little more than a year ago, disbanded and dissolved those numerous corps of volunteers and yeomanry, :whose services were so well adapted to the crisis at which the country has unhappily since arrived. Even the most ignorant and imbecile of states men do not always act without a design ' • and the design of the whigs upon this o ccas i on , t h ere can be little doubt, has been to take arms from the hands of persons of respectability and property, and therefore, for the most part, of known con servative . principles, and to transfer them to those of mere mercenaries, ready to obey any mandate, however harsh, even to the extent of enslaving and crushing the people. THE DAGUERREOTYPE.—One great obstacle to the use of M. Daguerre's photogenic process is the difficulty of pre serving them completed, because they are of so delicate a na ture, and so easily injured, that the slightest touch effaces them ; even M. Daguerre himself has always found it neces sary to protect them with a plate of glass, which is both incon venient and troublesome ; and it has in consequence been suggested, that if a varnish could be discovered, which might easily be applied to the surface of the plates after the comple tion of the pictures, and which, while it protected them from injury, should not impair their delicacy, it would consider ably add to the value and usefulness of the process ; we are happy therefore to hear, that M. Dumas has discovered that a liquid, composed one part of dextrine and five parts of wa ter, forms a varnish of the desired nature. It is said to be well-adapted to the purpose, and further possesses the advan tage of being easily removed from the surface of the picture, by immersing the whole in boiling water. Time, however, will be required to ascertain whether this varnish has any ac tion on the peculiar mercurial compound of which the image is formed.—.Athertreum. A BIT OF ROMANCE.—The following is given in the Gazette dm Tribuneaux, as a romance of real life, which has just occurred :—" A lady now enjoying a splendid fortune made afaux pas some twenty years ago, and had a son. To conceal her error from her family, she placed the boy in the hospital of the Enfans Trouves ; and when she afterwards found herself in independent circunmstances, took him out, gave him an accomplished education, and secured him a for tune of 200,000 f. She wished to see him married ; but fear ing that, at some future day, reflections might be cast on his birth by the family of his wife, and at the same time wishing to repair her own fault by securing the welfare and happiness of another victim to the weakness of human nature,. she made a confidant of the director of the hospital, and having selected a young woman equally distinguished for the quali ties of her mind and the beauties of her person, took her from the asylum, divested her of homely attire as an orphan, dressed her as a bride, and gave her to her son as a wife." I BLASPHEMOUS MUSICAL AMUSEMENTS AT NORFOLK; (From the London Record.) We have received the following communication from a cor respondent in Norfolk. The profanation seems -exceedingly great :, and how men professing to be the ambassadors and ministers of Christ can possibly countenance and join in it, must be inexplicable to simple minds. It is obvious that our Lord himself is introduced into the oratorio as writ ten. This height of profanatiOn, though it might not startle the concocters of the entire drama at Norwich, they seem to have felt might startle certain people in England troubled with tender Consciences ; and accordingly the impoverished device is resorted to of introducing St. John as repeating the words of our Lord. But how out of all dramatic order and arrangement is this ? How impotent ! One is disposed to weep over the whole affair—fancy ball and all, although the profanation, by these butterflies of the ball room, of events the most sublime and awful, is also calcu lated to excite high indignation in a rightly constituted mind. NORWICH MUSICAL FESTIVAL. THE CRUCIFIXION. —CALVARY. A very awful subject is chosen for a musical gratification, or rather tragical exhibition, in Norwich, on Thursday, the 19th inst. It is called in the scores The Crucifixion, and in the programme, lately printed in Norwich, Calvary. Nico demus, Joseph of Arimathea, Pilate, Caiaphas, Judas Isca riot, Saint John the Evangelist, &c., are among the charac ters to be represented in this tragedy. It is said that JESUS CHRIST himself is one of the characters in the original ora torio, and that, in order to insure its acceptance for the gra tification of a Christian audience in England, Saint John is introduced more frequently than he would be. A great part of the company, for whose gratification, pleasure, and de light, The Crucifixion is to be performed, or the oratorio Calvary conducted, on Thursday morning, will most cheer fully, on the plea of charity, comply with the earnest request of the committee, and appear on Friday evening at the FANCY , DRESS BALL infancy costumes or full dress. The following are extracts from The Crucifixion:— Philo. Father of our chosen nation ! With thy holy inspiration Guide our counsels in this hour, We, the avengers of thine honour, Here arraign this bold blasphemer. Mighty God ! reveal thy . power. Chorus of Priests. Mighty God ! reveal thy power. First Witness. He bath the temple profaned, Even in the season of prayer; And with impicnis pride This dissembler boasted, " I will clestroy,God's house, And in three days, unaided, , I will build it again." I SWEAR before God and man. that I heard these words from his mouth. Second Witness. He hath the Sabbath profaned, Healing the halt and the blind ; Veiling his crime with smooth a n d ar tf u l speec h . Caesars power he disowned : Pardon he grants to sinners, God's attribute alone. /SWEAR before God and man, that I heard such words from his mouth. Caiaphas. To the dust my spirit sinks In deep abasement; horror fills my soul. Apostate! how shall man avenge his Maker? Thy punishment should come from God's own hand. Chorus of Priests and People. Woe! woe ! destruction on thee fall ! Our reproach ages to come shall proclaim. Caiaphas. I—who enthroned on Moses' holy seat, And who alone the yearly sacrifice for sin With sacred rites may dare to offer, and thus To purify the chosen nation—l, by the living God, Adjure thee that thou tell us if thou be the Christ, The only Son of the Eternal Father? JOHN ! ! ! Jesus saith : " I am he whom thou sayest ; Hereafter, ye shall see the Son of Man sitting in great power on the throne of his Father, coming to judgment on the clouds of heaven." Chorus of Priests and People. Upon us be his blood, and on our children ! Our law com mands his (path ! Slowly let him breathe out his soul ! To the cross Vl'o the cross There his lifeless form shall hang. No earth ssall cover him : neither shall flowers spring upon his grave, nor tears bedew the tomb where sleeps his dUst. Hence hence ! to the cross ! with slaves to die ! STEAM LOCOMOTION ON COMMON ROADS, Mr. W. Hancock, of Stratford, has published a compara tive statement of the advantages of steam locomotion on common roads and on railroads, in which he says—" It has been asserted that steam locomotion on common roads can never be profitably adopted ; that it is against the laws of nature—because the resistance of a common road, compared with that of an iron rail, is as twelve to one ; and it would be inferred that the wear and tear would be in proportion. Although the above ratio, twelve to one, is believed to be too high, yet I will not dispute the point at present, but pro ceed to prove, that through the enormous first outlay in the formation of a railway, common road locomotion can well afford to pay for increased wear and tear. No person would forego the accommodations of the common roads to travel by railways, but for the sake of expedition ; and as wear and tear is increased by the squares of the velocities, this will be some set off in favour of locomotion on the common road, not only in theory, but which practice has also fully established. I shall take the speed on the common road at fourteen miles, and for the railway at twenty-five miles an hour. The average expense for the repair of railway loco motives has been allowed at thirty-three per cent., equal to a renewal every three years. The square of the velocity fourteen, gives one hundred and ninety-six as the ratio of wear and tear of common road locomotives; the square of the velocity twenty-five, gives six hundred and twenty-five as the ratio of wear and tear of railway locomotives ; or above three times more through increase of speed. Multiply one hundred and ninety-six by twelve, the difference of re sistance, it gives the ratio of wear and tear of a common road locomotive, compared with a railway one, as two thou sand three hundred and fifty-two is to six hundred and twenty-five, or nearly four times greater, which from my ex perience during fourteen years' running on the common roads, and from all the information I have been able to obtain upon railway affairs, I am quite certain cannot be the pro portion. " As we are on the subject of wear, we should recollect that the present rough surface of the roads, arising from the horses' feet and narrow wheels, would be materially smoothed down by the rolling of the broad vertical wheels of locomo tives, and the resistance be materially diminished. We will now proceed to ascertain the merits of the two modes of locomotion, under as equal circumstances as possible, that is, the removal of light weights equal distances. The forma tion of the Birmingham railway cost, gay £5,000,000 ; the annual interest of which, at 5 per cent., is £250,000. The formation of stations for water, fuel, workmanship, &c., on the common roads would cost, for the same distance, about £10,000; the annual interest on which, at 5 per cent., would be only £5OO. The number of locomotives on the railway we will take at 50 ; to perform the same work on the common road would require 70 ; and the reason that no more would be required is, that I make my engines of double power in size of cylinder to those used on the railway, and to use steam at double the pressure, which makes one of mine equal to four railway engines, without weighing more, the lower speed, and other circumstances, not requiring many of the parts should be so strong. The total value of the railway locomotives, at £1,400 each, would be £70,000; the annual amount of repairs, at 33 per cent., would be £23,300 ; the common road locomotives at £l.BOO each, would be £126,000 ; the annual amount of repairs, at 33 per cent., would be £42,000. It cannot be unfair to anticipate, that an equal annual sum would be received for goods and passengers, as with the railway, when we reflect that by passing along the ancient and accustomed line of traffib, both the expence and inconvenience of cross-road conveyance, as from the railway, would be avoided, greater accommodation (speed excepted) would be afforded, and that without risk of acci dent from running off high embankments, or the disagreeable confinement in travelling at the bottom of deep cuttings or through tunnels." He then gives a table showing that the daily interest of capital on the common road, would be £27 18s. Od., and of the railway, £685. On the common road, he says, the cost per mile would be 4s. 10d. ; and by the railway it is 17s. 7d. EXPERIMENT OF MR. BOYDELL'S IMPROVED METHOD OF PROPELLING CARRIAGES. On Wednesday last, an experiment was made of Mr. Boy deli's machine for propelling carriages, near the King's Ferry, and, notwiths anding the day was extremely wet, about ICO persons assembled to witness it. Two large carts and a four wheeled carriage, were attached to the machine, and all loaded with people, at one time. There were seventy per sons riding, and fourteen holding back, and two men drew them forward with the greatest ease. Subsequently three good horses were attached, and they could not stir the load. The seventy persons remained riding, and a little boy, by sit ting on one of the handles of the machine, brought the whole load forward. The distance the carriage went forward each revolution of the cranks was measured, and it was ra ther more than six feet, although the circumference of them is only three feet. If the machine and chains would have borne it, double the load might have been dragged by the power of the two men. The speed of this machine with its load was about half a mile an hour; the same power would have moved it at double that speed, had the nut wheel been twice as large as it was. Another carriage was shown to prove that speed may be obtained by the same action, but the roads were very heavy from the rain, and after being pro pelled about 100 yards, and getting up to nearly seven miles an hour, one of, the wheels failed. This carried three men. On the night previous, a carriage was attached to it, and was taken up hill at the rate of six miles an hour—seven persons riding. On the railway. ten miles an hour has been obtained, and on the common road eight; three men riding, and two working. The speed entirely depends upon the revolution of the cranks, as the carriage must go forward a certain dis tance each, revolution, and there is no doubt that any speed may be obtained by proportionate power. This machine differs entirely in principle from any pro pelling machine that has ever been attempted, although se veral attempts have been made to push forward carriages by means of legs. The action of those used by Mr. Boydell are precisely as if they, formed a wheel, and the pressure on them, as it is on the spoke, continuous.—Chester Courant. • AUCHTERARDER CASE.—We understand that a summons of damages, at the instance of Lord Hinnoull and Mr. Young, against those members of the Presbytery of Auchterarder who refused to implement the decree cf the Court of Session, or daining the Presbytery to proceed to the trials of Mr. Young, with a view to his ordination and induction, is in course of preparation, and will be executed against them forthwith.— Glasqou; Courier. LARGE GASOMETER.—On Wednesday last, a new gaso meter was pnished and lowered into its pit at the gas works. It is one of the largest, if not altogether the largest, in Scot land. Its diameter is sixty feet, its depth 30, and it will con tain about 56,500 feet of gas. It is supported by eight stea dying pillars, which guide rods from top to bottom ; it is on the principle that requires no back weight. The weight of it self is about 17 tons. The quantity of gas for which the com pany had stowage before in all their gasometers was about 120,000 feet, so that this immense vessel has added nearly a half to their stowage. Another pit adjoining, admitting a gasometer of equal size has been formed to meet farther ex tension, and to present appearances it will in a year or two by required. The echoing sound produced in the gasometer by conversation, is remarkable—a tune played in it on a flute was quite astonishing, while a plank thrown on it sounds in the ears of a person within like a long and loudly reverbera ting peal of thunder. It is large enough to admit of 300 men to dine under its ample canopy ; and we believe a pretty large section of that number intended to partake of a cold collation under it on the platform before it was lowered, but the ma kers were not aware of such intention, and lowered it when ready. Had such a vessel been on the grounds of Eglinton at the tournament to shelter spectators and supply them, the owner of it would have made a little fortune. The workman ship, which was executed by Messrs. Reid and Hannah, is of a strong and beautiful description, and exceedingly creditable to them as workmen. So satisfied, indeed, are the governor and directors with 'the superior workmanship, with its being finished and lowered into its place without the smallest acci dent—that they entered a vote of thanks to Messrs. Reid and Hannah on their minutes, and transmitted them a copy through the hands of the clerk.—Paisley Advertiser. CHESTER REGATTA. (From Me Chester Gazette) On Friday last the long talked of Chester Regatta "came off," Many fears were entertained on the evening previous as to the probable state' of the weather for the following day, and wise heads shook portentiously, repeating the old distich of - " Evening gray and morning red, Sends the traveller wet to bed." And prophecies were abundant with all the complaisance of Job's friends, that like mercy " the gentle rain would fall on all alike." Friday, however, broke, and Sol with his glorious face shone resplendent, throwing his golden beams on every thing; sending the birds merrily on the wing, and glancing on the river, which " Sung its quiet tune." Flowers opened on their beds, and the Chester Victoria Rowing Club got out of theirs, to " hail the rising morn," and feel thankful to the sun for his most.gracious presence. Our city, with one voice, seemed to exclaim with the ancient schoolboy— • " Venit hora, i, !: 1, . 3 ,11 ,i3iz Absque mora, • . „:- .• • Tempus est ludendi." " All work and no play, makes Jack a dull boy," and so a holyday seemed to be voted by common consent, that the regatta might be duly honoured with the presence of all classes. About noon crowds of well-dressed persons were seen hurrying down to the river, to take their standings, or embark in the numerous boats which awaited their presence. In the Groves tents were pitched for the dispensation of creature comforts, while " the Rock" displayed a miniature encampment ; the canvass walls of the tents shone in'the sun, while standards waved from the summits, and as if to heighten the effect, a piece of artillery was stationed amid the encampment, and from the rude throat of this immortal engine occasionally roared a salute. The " Rock" was eon verted into a complete promenade, and presented a most lively and animated picture. The gentlemen who followed the dignified occupation of " winipegging" offered their in tellectual game to those who wished to become shy customers, while a voice struck frequently on the ear of a person shout ing—" A list of the running —horses—boats I mean." — Near Dee-lane a booth was erected, and also a greased pole, at the top of which a leg of lamb hung suspended like the coffin of Mahornet, " 'tween heaven and earth ;" or, to pa rody Byron— " Between two worlds, LAMB hover'd like a star." This prize was carried off by a young sweep, who found that if he sooted the mutton, the mutton suited him— " He SWEPT off the prize like a victor of old." The fishermen acted as Charons, and ferried over their cargoes at so much per head. if they can boast of carrying over some of the beauty and fashion of Chester, they cannot but at the same time declare, that they had plenty of freights. The tune that seemed to ring in everybody's mind, was " Over the water ;"—while " On yonder rock reclining" might not have been sung mal-apropos. The encampments on both sides of the Dee when the storm came on, which " blighted all our hopes," proved extremely convenient ; that on the Rock, as as we can testity, giving no small contentment to many during the pittiless pelting of the storm. In this tent flowed fluids " Rechabites abhor ;" and if any teetotaller of any " tent" had been present he would have been glad to partake of the good things, provided by the indefatigable Mr. Turner. Had it not been for the rain, the day would have passed' over without alloy; but as we read on the walls of our city—" Each pleasure hath its pain." The excellent band of Mr. Gould was in attendance, and played some pleasant tunes ; but it struck us that the musicians were somewhat short of wind, and did not " play up" so frequently as usual. A band of foreigners were also in attendance, playing and singing to boot,—and such a a band !—Jenny Jones and Rory O'More, were sung in choice German, to the delight of all musical ears, admirers of precision, melody, and execution. In the evening the Victoria Rowing Club met at the Hop Pole, where a very excellent dinner was provided, and where the utmost harmony prevailed; and where " the toils of the day with the goblet were crowned." We believe that not a single accident took place, and the only contre temps that occurred was the falling in the " flood" of a soldier, who we suppose wished to g i ve hi s ducks a swim, o r perhaps qualify for the marines. if the day passed off without any great excitement, or the exhibi tion of any match of sterling interest, it at any rate was en joyed, and hundreds participated in the pleasure. The races came off as follows : The VICTORIA CUP, value 30 guineas, for six-oared cut trs, to be rowed and steered by gentlemen amateurs. Cestria No race according to the conditions A PRIZE, value £lO, the gift of the Chester Victoria Row ing Club, four-oared Gigs ; to be rowed and steered by amateurs or persons used to manual labour. Distance about two miles and a half. Fairy Queen.—Crew—J. Reece, S. Jones, G. Ball, T. Ball, and W. Sumpter, cockswain 1 Naiad.—Crew—T. Jones, R. Reece, T. Bennett, T. Fair brother, and J. Jones, cockswain Grace Darling.—Crew—D. Brown, H. Ball, T. Bellis, J. Gellion, and J. Ball, cockswain About two o'clock the boats came to the Commodore's (E. W. Lloyd, Esq.) vessel moored opposite St. John's Church. The Fairy took the inside, the Naiad outside, and the Grace Darling in the middle. In these situations they were started, in beautiful style, by Capt. Evans. The Fairy immediately sprang a-head about a boat's length, the other two continu ing abreast ; the Grace Darling then fell several lengths astern, and came in nearly 40 boats' lengths behind. The Fairy improved her position, and Mr. Ralph Green, the um pire, declared her the victorious boat by about two lengths. The race was well-contested between the first two. The DEE Cup, value £25, (in specie), for four-oared Gigs, to be rowed and steered by gentlemen amateurs. To be decided in two races and a tie. About two miles and a half. FIRST RACE Deva.—Crew—Wm. Mulvey, AT Walker, J. Dutton, J Crane, and Wm. Crane, cockswain Fairy Queen. Crew—H. Hodkinson, J. Challoner, Crane, J. Mould, and William Boden cockswain The Iris was entered but not drawn. The boats went well off together, the Fairy inside ; they continued almost abreast until near the end, when the Deva shot a-head and Ton easily, resting up o n th e i r ors. SECOND RACE. Echo (Liverpoorboat).—Crew—Mr. Bigland, 0: Walker, Littledale, Moorcroft, and R. Wilson, cock'gik'ain 1 Grace DarlOng.—Crew—T. Mulvey, E. Moss, R. Cithe rall, J. Hamilton, and J. Maddock, cock swa i n ........ 2 The Echo; soon after starting, took the lead, at each Stroke left her opponent more in the rear, and won by many lengths. A PRIZE, value £5, f or Fi s h ermen ; rowe d i n fishing boats; £2 given to the second boat. About a mile. Betsey Thos. Grantham and Robert Barlow Sparling.... Henry Thomas and Thomas DObscin Greyhound.. William Bird and Williani Sconce These boats, when first started, got a foul of each other, and were called back and started again, 'when they' all pll,!cd away in good style, and remained together until about a quarter of the distance from the , goal, when one of the boats, used in ferrying persons across the river, went athWart of the two last ; during the time of clearing away the other went a-head, and won by two boats' length. DEE CUP TIE Deva _ t Echo. 2 • -,)10, , • This race, (if it may be called a race,) was a great dis appointment to the spectators, who had been expecting it to be a very severe contest between the two. The crew of the Deva was also disappointed, as they wished very much to try their strength against their aquatic brethren of the Mersey, but the crew of the Echo declined to contest the race with them, and merely rowed at their ease after the Deva, which came in first by many boats' lengths. The crew of the Echo declared at the Commodore's boat that they were not able to compete with their opponents, and would merely go over the course with the Deva to qualify themselves for the race for beaten boats. A PRIZE. rowed for by Women in Fishing Boats ; the first boat £2, the second £l, the third 10s. Half a mile. Sparling Rachael Gibson and Mary Joynson 1 Sister and Brother Ann Sconce and Ann Buckley 2 Greyhound,. Mary Sconce and Cath. Sconce 3 The boats fouled each other the greater part of this race, and the ladies, to be in unison, followed the example, and a good deal of foul language passed between the parties. The LADIES' PURSE, value £5 for gentlemen amateur scullers. Half a mile. Sylph ' Zephyr H. Hodkinson.. 2 La Demoiselle J. Mould 3 Taglioni.. A. Walker.... Halcyon. J. Crane.. 5 This was a severe race, decidedly the best of the day. Im mediately after the start, Mr. Hodkinson, with very great exertion, took the lead, closely followed by the others. Tile whole of them went close together round the boat, when the Halcyon gave in. From this place the whole of the distance was beautifully contested ; each " sighed and lugged at the oar" in gallant style—every nerve was stretched, and each competitor received cheers and encouragement from his friends on the banks.. The skiffs were nearly abreast, with the exception of the Zephyr, which continued to lead to within a few yards from the goal, when Mr. Hodkinson's sterm escaped, and he sank exhausted on the bottom of his boat. Mr. Mulvey, with great effort, then took the premier ship, and won a splendid race by about two yards ; the others were not a length behind. A PRIZE, value £lO, for four -oared Gigs, beaten in the race for the Dee Cup. The Echo.. Liverpool boat walked over In this race the Chester boats were withdrawn, and the Echo was allowed to row over the course alone, and carry away the prize. CORACLE RACE. John Challoner, jun.. 1 Thomas Chadwick... George Challoner 3 This was a well contested race between the three, and af forded great amusement to the spectators. The arrangements for carrying on the Regatta were ex' cellently-.conducted under the_ auspices of the following gen tlemen, who composed the committee, and deserve the thanks of the public for their services :—E. S. Walker, Esq. chair man; John Lloyd, Esq.. H. P o tt s , j un . E sq ., G. Folliott, Esq., Mr. Geo. Franks, Mr. A. M`Donald, Mr. John Chur ton,and Mr. Challoner. We cannot close without rendering unto " Caesar that which is Caesar's," by giving that praise which i s d ue t o th e Umpire, Mr. Ralph Green, for the impartial manner in which he fulfilled his office ; and also to Captain Thomas Evans, for his experience in starting the boats in such ex cellent style. Neither shall we forget to notice the inde fatigable exertions used by the Secretary, E. W. Lloyd, Esq., and the Treasurer, Mr. R. Catherall, in furthering the suc cess of the Regatta. GREAT FIRE IN RUSSIA.—On the estate of Count Shere meteuv, near Moscow, a tremendous conflagration took place a few weeks ago, in what is probably one of the largest villa ges in the world. Seven hundred houses, including 'great cotton and cloth manufactories—filled at the time with im mense quantities of goods destined for the fair of Nishny Novgorod —were laid in Ashes. We mention the circum stance, however, to direct attention to the strange fact that one of the principal losers by this fire, a manufacturer, who, after having lost property to the amount of £40,000, is still considered a rich man, is nevertheless, a serf of the count, and it is said he is by no means the only person on the es tate similarly situated.--Athenceum. CAUTION TO ' 6 SWEETHEARTS.”—On Monday a pretty young female, who carries on the business of a dressmaker in Lincoln, applied to the magistrates for redress under the following circumstances :—She had been keeping company for the last three Years with Gibson, the butler to Mr. For dell, to whom she bad been engaged to be married, and dur ing the time of their courtship her mother died, leaving her some valuable silver plate, which she put into Gibson's pos session, that he might keep it safely for her. In the course of the three years sweethearting Gibson made her a num ber of presents, mostly of consumable articles, which being eaten and drunk, could not be returned ; all the rest were sent back to him. The complainant said, that seeing such conduct which gave her reason,to believe that she would not possess the happiness she had fondly expected if she entered the marriage state, she broke off the match, and demanded her plate back again. The magistrates sent for Gibson, who said he would not give it up unless the sum of XB, which the eatable articles had cost him, was given up, to him. The magistrates expressed their indignation at the fellow's con temptible conduct, and desired the complainant to proceed at law against her false swain. In the course of the day some gentlemen advanced the young woman the money, and she got back her plate.—Lineoln Gazette. MISCELLANEOUS. SOCIETY FOR THE BENEFIT OF FEMALE MUSICIANS.— Miss Masson, the secretary, it is said, has just received a communication from- the Queen, announcing her Majesty's gracious consent to become the patroness of the society, with a donation to the fund of 20 guineas. A singular exhibition took place lately in the Rue Vivienne. A woman from the country was standing in the midst of a crowd, with about a hundred swallows in a cage, which she was selling at one sous each, exclaiming from time to time, —" Qui en vent a un sous your leer donner la liberte ?" She soon disposed of her stock, for every one was anxious to practise humanity at so cheap a rate, and the little prisoners were let loose in time to skim their element in search of their supper.—Letter from Paris. ACCIDENT TO THE EARL OF RobEN.—We regret to state that the Earl of Roden was prevented by a severe accident from attending the first meeting of the Poor-law Guardians of the Union of Kilkeel on Saturday last. About a week since he was driving some ladies in his phaeton through the demesne of Tollymore Park ; when near a high precipice, one of the horses became unruly, and placed the carriage in danger ; his lordship jumped out to lay hold of the horse's head, which he effected, and prevented further mischief ; but in doing so sprained his ancle violently, and has since been confined to his bed. We are' happy to hear that his lordship is better. —Saunders' News Letter. THE GREAT WORCESTER DISTILLERY. — The sale of the great Malt Distillery at Worcester, independently of the Rectifying Distillery and the British Wine Trade, previously announced in our Journal last week, has caused a great sen sation throughout the country. There is a feature connected with this exchange of property that gives it a peculiar advan tage—during 110 years it has been in one family, throughout this long period, up to the present time, the proprietors re tired with a fine independence. It may well be asked— " Where is a corresponding case to be found ?"—beside which, Mr. Robins promises to all those who have high tes timonials to their respectability, the opportunity to investi gate the books, and thus see upon record, a happy illustra tion of the character so imperfectly awarded to it in his an nouncement. BRUSSELS, AUG. 13.—The Augsburg Gazette, contains the following passage reapecting the marriage of the queen of England :--" The speech of Queen Victoria on proroguing the parliament makes no mention of her marriage. As some journals have inferred that, the matrimonial alliance with the Coburg family was still doubtful, we can affirm on good au thority that the meeting of several members of the house of SainCoburg at Lo n d on is for the purpose of settling the ne cessary preliminaries which must precede the marriage, that is to say, every thing relative to the prerogative and the re venue of the intended husband. As for the question of the marriage itself and the mutual affection of the parties, all this has been some time decided. The Duchess of Kent and the King of the Belgians have been the most zealous promoters of the alliance." GERMAN WOOL FAlRS.—According to the accounts from the northern parts of Germany, the quantities of wool pur chased at the late fairs in those parts for English account were very considerable, and those brought from the agricul tural districts for sale, of all qualities, much exceeded the production of former years. The surplus stocks would have been greatly superior this year in consequence, but for the continued activity of the woollen manufacture, both on the continent and in this country. The competition amongst buyers, thus sustained by the demand, had operated to pre vent a larger reduction in the prices of wools than from 5 to 10 per cent. The extraordinary profits realised by the wool growers had had the natural effect of stimulating them to apply all their means towards the increased growth of the article and the multiplication of their flocks, so that the quantities produced in the next and succeeding years may be expected to be still more heavy than those of the present season. An apprehension appeared to be entertained in some quarters that the remunerating value of the produce thus so largely increasing would hardly be maintained with new and extraordinary channels of consumption. Silesia alone pos sessed stock equal to 3,000,000 of sheep, or tenfold the num ber existing there 20 years ago.—Times. INFANT SCHOOLS.—The inveterate blunder of regarding education as mere instruction in reading and writing has done more mischief in the case of infant schools than could easily be calculated. The first and proper business of these schools is not literary education, but physical; this simple fact is so frequently neglected, that we have found these schools established in damp 'and ill-ventilated rooms, surrounded with an atmosphere which could not be breathed without injury to health, and destitute of conveniences for active play. We can well remember the stare of surprise with which our questions respecting the provision made for active sports were received, and the shout of laughter raised, when we stated the self-evident proposition that a child's play was part of a child's education. Within the last few years the world has become more enlightened on this sub ject ; but there are still many who require to be taught that the body requires education as well as the mind, and parti cularly in the case of those who must derive their means of support from bodily exertions.—Foreign Monthly Review. PRINCIPAL CAUSES OF Drssiasg.—The congregating of large numbers of men into crowded cities—living in an atmosphere loaded with impurities—ill-assorted and untimely marriages—sedentary and unwholesome occupations—intem perance—the use of adulterated food, and of high-seasoned and indigestible viands, taken, moreover, hastily in the short intervals allowed by the hurry and turmoil of business—con stant and excessive mental excitement, kept up by luxurious habits—great and intellectual exertion combined with bodily inactivity—the violence of the passions, such as envy, ambi tion, love, covetousness, which are constantly stimulated by intercourse with society—the delicacy and sensibility to ex ternal influences ca.u.sed by heated rooms, too warm clothing, and other indulgences ;—all these are departures from man's natural condition, and produce those morbid states of the system which a more simple and uniform mode of living would prevent.—Curtis on Health. DISCOVERY OF A TESSELATED PAVEMENT. —ln a field adjoining the road leading.from Rudston to Kilham, a tesse lated pavement, about six inches from the surface, was uncovered—the tesserte differing in size from 11 inch to an inch, colours white, red, and blue,—white prevailing; laid in lines and forming diamonds—extending over a surface of about four yards by three yards, walled round on three sides with large rough stones, similar to the chalk stones of the Wolds. A great part of the pavement had been destroyed at a former period by some labourers, who had dug it up in the hope of finding treasure, and the place filled up again promiscuously ; it contained red bricks, of a square form, 9i inches by inches, 14 inch thi c k% pieces of plaster smooth on one side. and painted,- some red all over, some in lines, and sorriel with dashes of red and green, apparently water colours. Below this, at about 31 feet from the surface, were a number of tiles, in regular order, slightly curved, and having a flank at each side. They were placed flank to flank one with another, having the hollow side downward. The top surface presented an indented half circle, extending from one end to about one-third of the whole length. The size of each tile is about 15 inches by 11, and about 4 of an inch in thickness.: Immediately under these was another layer of the same sort of tiles, laid in the same manner, but traversely with the other. Below these was a small quantity oflexceeslingly black ashes, and near were some p i eces o f a ratherbony-like substance, porous, and having a great sem blance; to the incrusted moss from the Dropping Well at Knaresborough. Still lower was a layer of fine rich earth, a few, inches in thickness, and then a bed of fine natural red clay,. probably the material similar to that of which the bricks and tiles had been formed.—Hull Advertiser. LONDON AND BIRMINGHAM RAILWAY HOTELS.—One of the splendid hotels recently erected in front of the grand entrance . to. the London and Birmingham Railway, was opened to the public on Monday.. Having since that time had an opportunity of inspecting the arrangements of the establishment, a short notice may not be without interest. The building- thus opened is the Victoria Hotel, on the wes tern side of the railway entrance. It is appropriated exclu sively to dormitorie s , and to the supply of breakfast, tea, & c . The other hotel, the Adelaide, will be opened in a short time as a first-rate tavern, with a stock of wines, spirits, &c. The Victoria is the largest establishment of the kind in the metropolis. It contains 84 bedchambers, besides sitting, dressing, and bathing rooms, and suites of private apart ments. To say that it has been fitted up with every atten tion to the comfort of those who may use it, would not be saying enough ; it is furnished in a style of splendid elegance not to be equalled in any public, nor surpassed in any pri vate, establishment in the kingdom. There is a most com modious coffee-room, so arranged as to confer all th e advan tages of 'a private apartment. Attached to this is a spacious reading-room, plentifully supplied with the newspapers and periodicals of the day, with materials for writing, &c. There are certain fixed charges for refreshments, beds, &c., printed particulars of which may be seen in the coffee-room. These charges are exceedingly reasonable, when the superior style of accommodation is taken into account, and include all fees to chambermaids, waiters, porters, &c., none of whom are allowed on any pretence whatever to accept of a gratuity. The waiters are dressed in livery similar to that worn by the attendants at the west-end club-houses, and are enjoined to observe the strictest civility and attention towards the guests. The whole arrangements are under the personal superinten dence of Mr. Bacon, late steward of the Athenwum. Pall Mall, whose experience and general ability eminently qualify him for the office. The establishment is open for the recep tion of travellers by the late and early trains, who have only to walk across the road from the spot where the trains stop, to find themselves more comfortably located than they could be, had they the choice of the metropolitan hotels. Our readers are doubtless aware, that these hotels were built at the cost of a company, whose object is not so much to make money by the speculation, as to provide suitable accommo dation for parties using the railway. No person can hold shares in the hotel company who is not connected in a simi lar,manner with the railway ; and the directors of the hotel company must be also directors of the railway. This pro vision has been made to prevent the possibility of the hotels passing, at any future time, under the control of parties whose interests might not he identical with those of the rail way company.—Railway Times.' UNION PLATE GLASS WORKS.—DOLIER'S ENAMEL SLATES AND SLABS.—The other day we again visited the extensive works of the Union Plate Glass Company, near St. Helen's, and were much pleased to observe the progress made; both, in the erection of the buildings, and the extension and completion of the apparatus for the various processes, since our former visit in June last. The large furnaces are now in active operation, and we saw six large and splendid plates cast in quick succession, and with a precision, regu larity, and ste a di ness , w hi c h say muc h f or t h e skill' of all concerned in this singular operation. They were all con signed to one of the spacious annealing-arches or ovens in the casting hall. This hall, when completed, will be within four inches of 400 feet in length.. After seeing the other processes of grinding, smoothing, and polishing, with the preparation of the emery used in the. two last, we examined some fine specimens of the new substance which attracted so much attention amongst numbers of the scientific and aristocratic visitors, at the late meetin g o f th e B r iti s h Asso ciation at Birmingham. It is a species of enamel which may be of an opaque white colour, or semi-opaque, of an opal tinge ; or with a deeper hue, like a peach or plum, or even black. In its white opaque hue, it is already well known in Dolier's patent tablets, for memoranda, which consist of thin plates of this material ; but in its thicker slabs, from three quarters of an inch upwards, it is not yet fully before the public. Specimens of this new article of manufacture—all of which were made at the Union Plate Glass Works—were exhibited in the chemical section of the British Association at its late meeting, by' Mr. Dolier, the patent ee , w h o h as given to them the name of " Patent Victoria Slates and Tablets." These specimens excited general attention, es pecially amongst the ladies, for their colour and elegance ; and Mr. Dolier was requested by the chairman of the section to explain the nature and properties of this invention, which he did in a manner that gave great satisfaction. Indeed, the tablets, which were bound together in a, pocket-book form attracted 'so much attention, that M r . D o li er, we believe,, quite unwittingly transgressed a rule of the association, and was teazed into the sale of the specimens which had been brought merely for inspection. On receiving an intimation that this was contrary to the rules, he declined to sell any more ; but a nobleman, taking one per force, threw the mo ney down, and left Mr. Dolier to get out of the scrape as he could. The slabs, when white, are fpr use in the place of white marble slabs, than which they are much more pure and free from the slightest variation of colour, or the smallest :Speck or blemish: This sAstance is also harder and heavier than marble, and when inlaid in the tops of sideboards, ladies' work tables, dressing tables, &c. it has a very beautiful appearance. Of the tablets we have had some large ones in use for two or three months past, and must say, that the smoothness 'of the surface, and the readiness with which it takes the slightest mark of a good lead pencil, makes writing or drawing upon them much more pleasant, and the taking of short-hand notes much more easy and expeditious, than upon any other substance with which we are acquainted.— Manchester Guardian. The Morning Chronicle states that the Earl of Clarendon has been appointed Master of the Mint, without a seat in the cabinet. The celebrated protestant clergyman, the Rev. Dr. Malan, from Geneva, is at present in Edinburgh. It is understood that the retiring pension of Sir John New port, late comptroller of the exchequer, is to be £l,OOO a year. The King of Bavaria signalised his fete day, the 25th ult. by the free pardon of three students, who had been condemn ed for high treason to an indefinite imprisonment. The Duke of Sutherland has commissioned Mr. Martin to paint a large picture of the "Assuaging of the Waters after the Deluge." By an act of last session, any pawnbroker in London taking a pledge from a person under 16 years of age is subject to a penalty of £5. We understand that the munificent lady, Mrs. Flaherty, who gave £5OOO, to the London University, intends present ing a similar sum to King's College. • Lord Francis Egerton, accompanied by his son, the Hon. F. Egerton and Viscount Emlyn, sailed from Cowes on Fri day afteroon for a cruise of several weeks in the Mediterra nean. A SCOTCHMAN'S NOTION OF LONDON.—" Well John, what think ye o'London noo, is'n' yon a grand place ?" " A gran' place ! oh, man Sandy, its just like a thoosand Coogates ! "—Chanzbers'Journal. STRANGE PLACES.—In the course of an omnibus case at the Queen-square Police -office, a few days ago, one of the witnesses stated that, "when they got to the world's end, the driver stopped to converse with the man in the moon.', We regret to hear the recovery of Lady Monteagle is very doubtful. Her ladyship, who is a daughter of the venerable Earl of Limerick, has been for some months in a declining state of health. —Morning Herald. The health of the venerable Lord Macclesfield, Lord-lieu tenant of Oxfordshire has lately much imp rove d. Hi s lord ship, who is in his eighty-fifth year, was present at the ses sions, at Watlington, on Saturday.—lbid. REGISTRATION SHILLINGS.—The poor law commission ers state, that the overseers are bound to collect from the ten pound voters the shillings annually payable by them to meet the expenses of printing the lists, which are at present paid for out of the poor rates. Official information has been received from the admiralty that the Mediterranean packets shall either remain at Fal mouth, or not be removed further eastward than Davenport. —West of England Conservative. A letter from Rheims states, that the vines are much im proved by the recent rains. The grapes have swelled out, and present an excellent appearance. It is expected that the vintage will commence in a few days. A chest containing a quantity of plate and other valuable articles, sent by a van from London to Salisbury for the Bi shop of Salisbury, was stobin, and its contents carried off. The chest was found lying empty in the road. A " TALKING " STARLING.—A starling may be seen in a house in Edmond-street, near the Buffalo Inn, Bank, Leeds, only 13 weeks old, which however, can answer any question put to him, and is at present engaged in learning a favourite tune.—Leeds Mercury. We understand that her majesty has been so deeply engaged in festivities at Windsor, that she had not found leisure to sign the necessary papers for last night's Military Gazette •, and that consequently, there will be two next week.—United Service Gazette. STATE OF TRADE.—Since our last trade has been drooping, both in power and hand-loom descriptions of goods ; and should the present very unsettled state of the weather con tinue the prospects of business for the latter part of the year are of a gloomy chaiacter—B/ackburn Standard. GIGANTIC SKATE.—On Friday week one of Mr. Hogarth's fishing-bands caught an enormous skate in the estuary of the Spey. This large denizen of the deep measured six feet three inches in length, and nearly five feet in breadth ; it weighed 164 pounds.—Aberdeen paper. A committee of the inhabitants of Chelmsford has been ap pointed to endeavour to obtain land in the immediate vicinity, on an eligible site, for a public garden, to which the parish ioners and their friends may resort for exercise and recreation. THE QUEEN DOWAGER.—We understand that her Ma jesty will not pass the winter at Torquay, the negotiations for Tor Abbey having failed. At the same time we hear that her Majesty's medical advisers have recommended the salubrious air of South Devon as likely to prove beneficial to their illus trious patient's health.—Morning Herald. A circular note has been received by the mayors and magi strates of the corporate towns, authorising the clerks to the magistrates to take the customary fee on the attestation of recruits and committal of deserters, it having been represented to Lord John Russell that the suppressionof the custom had been injurious to the service. On Monday last, an extraordinary large seal was taken in Cliff Creek, where the fellow had run aground. He was brought to Gravesend by his captors, and was purchased by Mr. Hooker, and presented to the Zoological Gardens, where he is now performing his aquatic gambols in the large lake, much to the amusement of the visiters.— Greenwich Gazette. FIRE AT MANCHESTER. —On Wednesday morning a fire was discovered in the mill of Mr. James Guest, known as the Holt Town Mill, bursting out of one of the lower floors of the building. The engines were promptly taken to the spot, but we have not heard what damage was done. POPISH DINNER.—About 60 or 70 Roman Catholics of this city (Glasgow) entertained two Popish priests (one from Ireland and the other belonging to Glasgow) at dinner on Monday evening, at the Wheatsheaf Tavern. The toast of " His Sublime Holiness the Pope, Gregory XVI.," was ap propriatelyfollowed by " Lord M e lb ourne and H er Majesty ' s Ministers." —Glasgow paper. INCREDIBLE, BUT TRUE !-13y arrangements just com pleted, a hogshead of sugar will be sent off from London, by the railway, and delivered upon any grober's premises in the town of Nottingham, in ten hours ! but it takes fourteen or fifteen hours to convey and deliver a newspaper or letter by her majesty's mails from London to Nottingham !!!. SALMON FlSHlNG.—Several very fine salmon have been caught lately in the rivers, Dee and Treweryn, in the neigh bciurhood of Bala, which is considered a great wonder, no salmon having been found in the nei g hb our h oo d f or many years. Mr. Evans. of Bodwenni, caught two, one of which weighed 6 pounds, and the other 10 pounds and a quarter.— Chester Gazette. The recent case of Miss Moyes, who threw herself from the top of the Monument on Wednesday week, is the fourth instance on record of this kind of suicide, and not merely the third, as generally supposed. The first was that of a weaver, in 1750 ; the second, John Craddock, a baker, in 1788 ; and the third, Lyon Levy, a diamond merchant, January 17th, 1810. On Friday, the large boa constrictor at the Surrey Zoolo gical Gardens cast his skin for the first time since his arrival in this country. It measured twenty-two feet in length, and twenty-seven inches in circumference, and was thrown off almost entire in one piece. He fed immediately afterwards, and swallowed four rabbits and a small pig for his meal ! He had not previously eaten any thing for five months. DARTFORD POWDER MILLS.—The proprietors of these works have generously made an allowance to each of the widows of the five unfortunate sufferers by the late explosion of 12s. per week for life, with coals and potatoes during the winter, besides defraying the funeral and other expenses aris ing out of the accident. The wages of the men were not 14s. or 15s. per week, as was recently stated, but from 255. to 28s. per week.—Times. TRADE AT CLITHEROE.—In the town of Clitheroe the staple trade seems to be in a flourishing condition. The cot ton mills, we are informed, have been working full time dur ing the late depression, and the masters are now increasing their establishments. The prospects in the calico printing business, too, are very cheering, and it is the general opinion that there will be full work for all hands during the ensuing winter.—Blackburn Standard. CHESTER GARRISON.—We notice the following changes connected with the depot of the 14th regiment, at present stationed here :—Ensign Hamilton, appointed on the 30th ult., is to join the depot on the 24th of next month. Ser geant Spence has been permitted to act temporarily as Depot- Sergeant Major. Ensign Holmes has obtained leave from the 10th inst. to the 9th November next.—Lieut. Dwyer, now on leave from the West Indies, has received permission to join the depot companies. —Chester Gazette. If we had not found the following in an English paper we should verily have set it down for a Jonathan:—" EXPEN SIVE REAPING.—In North Kyme the farmers are paying 30s. an acre for reaping their corn. What makes the matter more strange is, that the reapers are up to their knees in wa ter, and the corn is taken away in boats, and laid upon the grass to dry, before it can be stacked.—Lincoln Chronicle." —How curious, that in North Kyme all the cornlands should be knee deep under water while all the grass is perfectly dry, • IRON TRADE.—A correspondent of the Midland Coun ties Herald says " So far from any decline having taken place, a resolution was passed at the late quarterly meeting of iron -masters, and signed by all those present, to the effect that the price for the ensuing quarter should be the same as during the last." As far as relates to our own immediate neighbourhood, we have reason to know that there is no scarcity of orders ; though we understand them to be only maintaining their average, not making any considerable ad vance.—Glamorgan Gazette. MANCHESTER AND LEEDS RAILWAY.—RESIGNATION OF THREE DIRECTORS.—In consequence of the recent de cision of this company, in a general meeting of the proprie tors, as to the partial opening of the * line on Sundays, three of the directors have sent in their resignation,—Messrs. James Wood, James Heald, and John Barton. it is stated, that they had partially assented to Sunday travelling,—that is, so far as to agree to there being a morning and evening train on Sunday ; but further they were not disposed to go, and their resignation is the consequence.—Manchester Guardian. NEW ZEALAND.—On Saturday the new settlers, destined to found the British' colony in New Zealand, signed articles for the constitution of the government of that colony, on board the Oriental, the Adelaide, and the Aurora, now lying at Gravesend. They seemed in admirable spirits, and cer tainly no pains have been spared by the company to ensure proper comfort and accommodation on the voyage. The number of emigrants is 850, of whom 150 are capitalists, and the rest operatives.—Whig Paper. The magnificent fete intended to be given by Sir Robert and Lady Peel on Friday next at Drayton-house is postponed, owing to the measles having broken out among the children. All the necessary arrangements were to have commenced to day. Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Princess Augusta were expected to arrive on Thursday. The grand saloon has been superbly fitted up for the occasion, and in the banquetting-room 300 persons were to have sat down to a hot supper of a very superior descrip tion.—Times. THE SCHOOLMASTER AGAIN.—The following is a verbatim et literatim copy of a note received from a lady of the haut ton by her milliner, not a hundred miles from Bradford. " Miss I have sent you a Bonet with I desire you to halter, bleeche hand turn and make into a nice cottage ass it was be fore two large in the hed hand two wide in the peeke, this patern [here a diagram is given in the original] shud like it to be as nere as possible. Do it well and make as good a gob of it has you can, hand let me have it bye Monday next, ass I am going out to diner party, hand I remain ever yours, &c. &c. THE LATE LORD RENDLESHAM.—This highly respected nobleman, whose death has been already announced by a provincial contemporary to have taken place at noon on Fri day last, at Rendlesham Hall, Suffolk, was born on the 6th of January, 1798, and was consequently at the tim e o f hi s death in the 42d year of his age. The late lord, who suc ceeded to the title the 3d of July, 1832, mas married the 10th of January, 1826, to Miss Lucy Pratt, daughter of Mr. E. R. Pratt. The deceased was Baron Rendlesham, of Rendle sham, in the peerage of Ireland, and was in holy orders. The Hon. Fred. Thelluson, a twin brother of the late lord, born the 7th of January, 1798, succeeds to the family honours. THE WRECK OF THE " ROYAL GEORGE." —Had the weather been favourable, Colonel Pasley would have made another effort to-day (Saturday) to explode a cylinder, con taining 2,6001 b. of powder, for the purpose of blowing up the Royal George ; but the strong wind that prevailed obliged him to abandon the attempt till a more favourable oppor tunity. Various pieces of timber, which were torn from the wreck by the successions of small explosions this week, have been secured by the divers, brought up, and deposited in the dock-yard. Attached to a beam by the mud was found a guinea (now in the possession of Colonel Pasley) in as per fect a condition as when the ship went , down. The cook's iron soup-ladle has also been brought up in perfect preserva tion.—Hampshire Telegraph. tile „ at. -- cos COACH ACCIDENT.-011 Tuesday rnornals a te Pre. ,he Fylde Union coach was on its way from Poultone, o , e of r,, t very heavily laden with passengers and conseq tle tie axles snapped. The coach and cargo were !u road, but, fortunately, it was not attended by were a ll a of an alarming character ; and the passengers w ed. - to proceed as soon as conveyances could be proe , ps. .s MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT ON ULVERSTONE .;eiSand,ll Tuesday 'week, an old man of the name °f.' s sonse °l3 s; Levens, was crossing the sands in Roosbeck o f eotn a cart, for the purpose of purchasing a cart I °'.`,, ea ossall' o i when, either from the lateness of the hour of nP both '" arl the unusual quantity of fresh water then out, ec' horse met with a watery grave. pso ANNUAL AVERAGE VALUE OF THE MlNE n e gjelate sn j TIONS OF CORNWALL AND DEVON• W e Br itain • a value of the metals a 11- •ed in Great t t , nnua y• raised . , t h s Ireland at about £10,597,000, and consider ping a'sJ amounts to £8,000,000, the value of the rema n n e l o , s• 00,0 would be £2,597,000, of which Cornwall and,S4 The . 0 ; furnish about £1,340,000, than one -a`" or more °t wos It ioe' gpgrao,gstrated oflors great metallic products of the district are e ts la tter . 0 4 1 of the former it yields one-third, and of tug. the t 'a tenths, of all the copper and tin furnished , e , , islands and the continent of Europe. —1839. gro i •on 00 THE ROYAL MARINES.—We are informeo, t he „, s de to thority, that official application bas been Ea , he Ho tier commissioners of the Admiralty, by Admiral _ m e ds„ Robert Stopford, the Commander-in-chief in tn; co o t ; ranean, for two field officers of the Royal Ma 63 1,10, from J serve in the fleet. Hitherto it appears, that gir .' at e 1,200 men, composed of detachments from the _s er eig.,,a have frequently landed for the purpose of field , V i ; „ lu so; der the command .of a captain; the senior in, ° folio c si taking this duty. Admiral Sir Robert Stopfora o isca . s o that it will be better managed by having two e „,,ol °l ;ei the corps attacheccto the squadron, and the ne°'.,....0 —Geo/ogi a# to head quarters are expected to be issued forth wn' 0 1(1 Service Gazette. • Set e f ile LONGEVITY.—LateIy theie have appearedi'lsolse. the provincial press, remarkable accounts of th e sa me had reached very advanced ages living i s the er sePo bourhood. Upon this subject we know not whe tu nt ee re a t perused any more extraordinary than the ac e T i t serf a it at day present to our readers. In our own tov%enrc.4 present residing under one cottage roof in n utted as Penny-street, Lancaster, four individuals wh°' amount to upwards of three hundred and one , I# s; average of 75 years and three months e ach ; na,irs,ste Walker, aged 80 ; James Clarkson, 74 ; Betty's Pnbe and Richard Aspinall, 72. All the partie s areal 7bk:;l ment both of their faculties and good healtt latter are employed regularly in the late n r 4 e elles sackcloth manufactory, and can earn their own Lancaster Guardian. sto.- ,,, tif Or WHEAT SOWING.—This year Mr. Mart in, •s e at , 00 e, s Guildford, tried an experiment by planting s t he and three grains in a hole four inches apart, and soleiti.os ' •' as follows :—From 29 plants, from one g ra'us 3' ban s e' n I t ears ; from 20 plants, two grain in a hol e, 23 plants, three grains in a hole, 198 ears ; fro Thus itoa one grain in a hole, six inches apart, 236 ears' t thei!. the pears that, from the smallest number of plantssa, he re P o ci • t• distance apart, on the same space of growl. s tee ls ~e gt , greatest produce. On most wheat soils two Inl' gs si.a e ,so will he found quite sufficient if the land he ° i s the' and on strong rich loams seven pecks drillekere between the rows will be better than more , as t D r et ach'w , at be room for it to stock well out, and not smothe the If and cause a great number of under and small eac'ssire from which is generally very different-o°n: tilt p end en d . of bo ilers 0 0 On Saturday morning one of the steam - op, ifo works of the Consuls Mine, near Truro, ble sc Oa ° a r completell' °lc r down the walls of the engine-house, and , i ' a jog 0 tb it. James Eady, one of the captains of th e ' sa e i°!blev ) tions, knowing that the several carters liad poss'fo engine -room to dry themselves, went as soon * - stoei r e i dtbe the spot, but could not see, from the c onnect ing i r or's' sb i p los s , other boilers having been severed by the Afte r 0 0 steam which was escaping filled the place. , seta . t ll O heard a groan, and, with assistance, succeedea o otis e f tY man named Rickard, who was alive, but died 33 i etit cut his clothes from off him. They the n t°° s 'as ruins a man named Burrows, quite dead , a 5 t he " s Oo'' lad °I w lying near him, of the name of Penherrick lead s b c l al ow d n ed f , ro a m nd h w is a b s o i d ns y John Grime was also found quite dead. Of tilt he be ad I 'o ll side the house, Absalom Richards had hia,. es' ile e e ens j i a bre e , s as T ot her , v likely to recover. ss •st s f a t# l s e s w ru e r re an tw a o MORE FATAL ACCIDENTS ON THE ""-. the 11 , LEEDS RAILWAY TUNNEL.—In addition to un tbe ts t y accidents which have occurred in the summ i t` s o commencement, we regret to have to recorof his ato4 resulting fatally, on Wednesday and Thur'l r; i ° 0 1 ' one instance, a man who was engaged with Ot e a 'fraO p sitlY the rock for driving the tunnel, was strack b j e tuna s e r or n stone, which, strange enough, passed along .` ii 'i t teen.. ti ' s l s i ' out injuring any one else, though there wer e ,; t onik v ,) o p tween the charge of gunpowder and !liaise"' t oce , at a distance of sixty yards. In the other ins Ele a the., I• man was ascending the deepest shaft, in a : 1 10' 1 ;7 0 , P' had nearly reached the surface when the tau wadedr t ; of the shaft, and the young man was thrown ° •.;ad s ,, o e°' k tated to the bottom of the shaft, which is 11 0 ) - e or e and was killed on the spot. We fear this' 35 fra ss number of accidents resulting to a great e xtent so tr yl less disregard of even common caution whic h 1 1 V° .; e # l,P l bourers in this tunnel have too often manifested' i serl t ; that these accidents make, with those recen t y asa tit se fatal accidents in this tunnel' within six d aY fot. t s since the commencement of the tunnel, of 3 e s o which life has been sacrificed.—Manchester hosei,aoi' tt' THE BOLTON CHARTISTS.-'—lt appears tba individuals are about to resume their agitation, t, sition is in course of signature to the mayor tailet,te7l'afe praying her majesty to dis • her resent l • sotl AO, miss p might be anticipated, it meets with poor sue` — 'gee'its` t o have the credit, at least, of being respectablY stei Borough Court, last week, George Lloyd, °''C l es, s 3 P P lOtf out on bail for his appearance athe next as si s ' s to o ;sts s the mayor for tbe restitution oft a number late's" had been taken from his workshop dusing she ' s Qs the police, and which he termed er staffs' u' r • pii‘ e „a _„"3 tide for ' a s vs, and are now, believed to have been in The mayor declined to f o r the r e rr• a ll restore them . gar, isrk,ss Monday last, Lloyd again appeared on a s lim P e r Plie his application met withthe same fate as befor!,'„eraa s S' s te' e o that as his place was entered without a search4paos'-00,. hery had been committed, and that lie sto ri u ' t estt e tt fat parties. When he left the court, he stat e ", of 2 - o'o make another application, withthe - ta ne- fag . a ass s ,e i gas O'Connor ; who, however, may save hi' beg t of unnecessary trouble, as the staffs will ne sii (sea s• without a judge's order.—lbid. be en '; alie jt " ANTHRACITE COAL'.—An association haa ns trat•4lo',.l South Wales, the obj ec t o f w hi c h is to de ea ss ° es t e arti‘"4. plicability of anthracite coal to, those P s u r P t le P r l'aPP", has been but partially applied, and to rna" 011 ' 4 0 IV this description Of fuel more generally kn°7oern'• to ated. The success which has attended the e cra pe, es t) , actual working at the furnaces of Mr• G* i stst Yniscedwyn d oa , iron works, near Swansea, an h a is r te ferred to in the able paper read by Me• Jo _ o re o ' o Polytechnic Society, Liverpool, (and which B rt F entl; ih Liverpool Journal) doubtless first attracted a . este° here use of anthracite coal in this country W be e t ° , be r ` ee t rendering of imponance a mineral which P3 se ° le ss' t or held comparatively as valueless. We are aw' Amer tic F t $ the application of stone coal in this country' arise, the lead in its use in steam-boats, I ton s ' ant - . se poses--the quantity of carbon which it coati eow,t/ t a greater heat than that description of coal is O r s e pe is more rapid. Whether stone coal is us e , bat, V is e' boats as mixed with other we are uncertantre been informed, by practical en • that th` ts i ll] , engineers, o eo . doubt of its being found to answer. Esper eosrie4, c , made, both with marine and locomotive enulast:',ll:,ol country, as also with those employed in mad alit} its TeitSti' though but little advance has t been Ina ° • lit)" ra tion. Much, we think, depends on the iibera d ty ths o o by the owners of anthracite coal proPer_n a a s n es ,: te e ° ,o they take for its introduction, which, in t ° ,,1 ,01 article, has not only to surmount prejudice, b,s no ; ,ol. itr the opposition of those who occupy the mark e' a jate`„:sP th e be supplanted by the introduction of a ne w 4c' 3 ' at, o r have • witnessed the use of anthracite coal w' i s he r AO' a') e ° aly sults, as economising fuel, and giving a rte on bl#ps city.of London—the London Water IsTorlia; it t be breweries, and several engineers, have apeliaf s upper otos' tage; but much, it may be observed, den e° .„` j e sed r sof,sii lity of the coal, for although many maY pro V e il Dil'e fr signation of anthracite, we find that their e .e rso °ti rot qualities vary very considerably,' s as is th e e , (.0 th e iscaj a ' nous coal. Already are several iron w° l• '" 1 ' erection for working anthracite coal i n the bee n 1 , S pig iron, for it has never, to our knowledge' p ae o o ol ,i, the " puddling" process, and which will, tc) tor, A tit themselves of the patent' secured by 111 % g 0 .0 much merit is due for his perseveran •ce s ti 3l ..sdy d s o- s e . t PROTESTANT ASSOCIATION.—A new an acing s o es t° branch has been added t o this rapidly•inli e side'; aer..to' the county of Norfolk. The list of is . 00 nt a ionrte • Norfolk and Norwich Protestant Assoei 3 t l t qii show the light in which the great Protestant „ c is eoa, t a! ginning to be viewed by the higher classes Protestant ' of t he l ote s e sident—Lord Wodehouse, Lord Lieutenal..,.%)., tse` ) te se e Vice-Presidents—The Marquis of Douro , kilittom the Bentinck, M.P. the Hon. J. Manners Al.P•eossio Bagge, M.P., Mr. W. Lyde Wiggett Chute,ofot, Pliof Sir William R. Kemp, Bart Sir H. E. P u sr• •Tra ce #.' J. B. Preston, Bart., Lieut.-Col. Harvey , Re a. d e:, Hay Hill, Sir Edward Stacey, Bart. th s e rt F'efr t , Yonge, the Rev. Dr. Proster, Mr. '11 •°"j! lOr k e,„,'" John Cator, Mr. John Longe Mr. Joh° • IP env ee' tC John Is Bignold, Mr. W. J. Utton BrOwne, tit° tary and treasurer ; and Mr. John SkiPPer' s oci 3 t' oa commended by the agent of the London.s,,arol,,, ar s e unanimously adopted, and a general m eet", beiw it ofat October next, whichi like all others alre a f f' e et, 0 -e ' c oo doubt be productive of the most beneficial f inti o (Ipso tions are in progress throughout the coal P l i t 'atie l o i e WOS soon to report their formation. The p in g, ros i s „e• d o si t, simultaneous effort seems most prornis u6 : o 'as vise • s ts whenever it may be struck, will be a s igoul of cester has announced its determination to tidie s t lea d il , band, and Yorkshire waits but the spark, to„ eeerOce population into a holy flame. The nat' ° ,'" s een es ee.,ol' fully impressed with a sense of the averteunP,„ 0' 11#_e A tl#, and the necessity for putting away from an ° , :wile:A fl'OT4 thing, ere we can again expect His shall he cannot be far distant when England shall t2 r e s i si the ' te ref'• f dr miseries which her subjects now e ndure I s ur u y i e W o w' ojef, of the ready slaves of a foreign potentate, u nor°,re toci; whose religion teach them to regard us anti" h,_°daele.raftP common privileges of citizens and of Inen , , o kit h s erf sier advantage of the weakness which a connects. die of t,. c os displeasing idolatory has produced, to trea°: l3 every article of our faith, and every institutta • f. —Standard. de,4. ; DISGRACEFUL AND MELANCHOLY nreile-.00,,,00 of the name of James Chisholm was "J.' e uno` t tee police on Friday last under very peculiar. c ough pr o:0 1 04 1 i, is, it seems, a sawyer by profession, tb l _, r , co ,00 1 0 11°, to the o ffi cers of police in the capacity , s °,: ed for ,/ to „di having been thrice convicted and P' , i j rT ia btlig ° ' s icieo`;f 3 this city. Some time since he went t se,_ e t o o 0 0 , the employment of a sawyer, and took l e s f , t r i 'i 0 V s , lodging-house kept by a respectable ferael Mary Hamilton. To her he represen a t n a fol o o o vr 1;; Iv e i married man (although he has a Wit i e i irnself 00 burgh,) and managed so to ingratiate owe to that she agreed to marry him. He the I" t P %y e i a fter tbs e where he said he had a house, run e d her st d 1 3 e s b e days returned to Linlithgow, and informith n ,t now a bride—got her to intrust him e vl s f sio , perty, even to her body clothes, to to isou si e a tt s luggsg r - on ' r e 1 0 pretence that by carrying them as • , tu ro e be p , expense of carriage, and promised to a lc tbe t ill! of b. i eb ing day for herself. Not appearing ta i n ed she came to Edinburgh, and there eSCer . 5 a / 0 ,, i v F; been duped—that her pretended lovq _7. 3 p roPe r v t le,tlgso who had sold or pledged the vvhole of ne Il a:A ss s ee •thout he'ci ashol` r eco' o re` a watch, which he had taken es e _. t y os o. gave information at the police Pr ° P ei she 110 . c lO, prehended ; and a large portion 0 ~ 0 f ro, os rin„;os its On Friday evening when in the P ° I ,;' a turd 3 Y et ], ' lll 'l,o dejected and low-spirited, and on it ap peor io ,jog o blide, , found dead in her lodging, havi n g' ey 0 31 Pqae. 't r night, put an end to her existence . a ~fod An empty vial, which had contained y Ill .a be et ir o i the extent of two ounces, was fouinc!_"re7l, b 011 A i de was, we believe, a native of Tore? lse ot a all years of age. Chisholm is a bout fttt,•,„ he r otP the theft of the watch, and for obta nuns eg' property under false pretences.— cri Rio' arid C l'4c:teOrtis 4 ' l If ° 1: ttlte e „ 1 ;44 s .zedy 44 trY I]