The Sun. — London, England, 1817-09-26 00:00:00

r *re suddenly iott-ittlicted from the markt. l Err rope, by the hostile decrees cif Fi•anee, with a vast ex,ecute them, mind from that 'of America; by the war which unhappily broke out between the,two - countries. in the loss, therefore, "of all our aceristomed markets, we fiud a perfectly.aik- • no: ire cause for the decline of our commerce and to muutact lures, and for rite general diStre's-S of all that otonerou class who depended, tin trade for employment and sobsistenee. 2. lime more important question, however, re , nolios to be considered, namely, ‘vhether com melee,_ will speedily revive front its present depres s;o;; That it will ultimately revive we have no Butemisidrri nn.; the long cOn u tinued an voya re to which it was exposed, sonic time mast necessarily elapse before it can he restored- to its for trier flaurishing condition. I:s progress during the late trans has already !nen pointed oUt, toge ther o ith the-various cause's which, by in erc.4 t,ing thetdemaud.aod extending the market for British g•tods, contributed to enlarge the different br4ochts of our no:inufactures far beyond tire. scale of our own particular \yams. Under this great extenion of our commerce ; the industry of the country was most skilfully managed, and its productive pOwers were greatly increased. But the mantifactoreS produccdwere ttow in a great measure adapted. to the foreign market. There was a large surplus Above what was wanted at bonne, and when the demand, therefore, ceased abroad, or when the intercourse %vas obstructed, - the supply, in order to avoid the difficulties which followed, ought.to hare been proportionally re= trenched. But variOus circumstances prevented this. An iminense capital was now invested in the new and somewhat artificial state of timings, Bich had grown up in. consequence of the vlis ordens which had prevailed throoghout Europe, and it could not be suddenly diverted into ano ther Channel -Without the most prodigious loss. The habits of time mechanic also were thoroughly adapted t 0 certain bran Ches of industry, and,theSe Being abandoned, it was e‘ident that he would be exposed to idleness and misery. The manu facturers, besides, -hoped for better times, and various causes concurred to induce them to ex haa,t their capitals in continuing their respective employments, and thus the supply of British ma nufactores Was prevented front being •reduced to the level of the demand.. The intercourse both with America and Europe was obstructed, the de- - mandato) the consumption had ceased ; but it was luny; before the supply fell oft in proportion, and the consequence was a continued accumulation of unsaleable produce.. The market was completely Overstocked, and when peace re-opened all the former channels of British commerce, an inunda-_ lion of goods from the glutted warehouses of Bri tain) were forced into the markets both of Europe an lof America. Prices fell ruinously low, and little relief was affOrded, because, although goods to a great amount were exported, they were sold to no profit:, and they bore no proportion to the supply which was still left at home, anti which bad been•acconndated during those years when there was little demand and little consumption. The evil then by which the manufacturer is oppressed, the weight which still clogs the movements .of. commerce, is.a load of unsaleable produce, and until the market be cleared by the increase of con sumption of what is superfluous, the industry of the eoOntry will not be restored to a state of sound ness and vigour. But the supply and tire demand itatarally tend to suit themselves to each other, and a little time, therefore, will necessarily bring - them to a level. When this takes plaCe, the de mand for British produeei will revive,—prices will ‘sill be inereased,--and all classes of, manufacturers will be enabled, as before, to draw cnitutortable subsistence from their capital and -froin,their industry. The commerce of the coon 'try, indeed, may not•be enlarged to the same ex 'tent its before. Other Nations will no doubt em -plost-their capital in the prosecution of nranufac- Intring -indostry, and the restrictions and duties - which have been itnoosed upon the importation of -British goods into Europe by those who, from al lies in war, have becomerivals in trade, will tin donlitedly be unfavourable to the extension of commerce. • But to overcome these ob stacles, we must trost, in some degree, to the greater capital, and to the improved machinery with which the-industry of Britain is aided, and, to the superior skill amid ing,nuity also of the Bri tiSb mechanic. Iliti:erto, certainly, neither tire newly established nutuufactores of Europe nor of 'America, have been aisle to stand before the corn d petition of• British goods, and one effect favour able to our commerce has thus resulted. from t h e great accumulation of British manuf actures , namely, that the infant establishments both of America and Europe have, in many cases, been entirely ruined, and have, in all crises, received a serious check -from the immense import a tion of goods which has taken place from this country 'at such low prices, that., they have made their way through• every opposing barrier, either of unfa vourable laws, or of protecting ditties. 3. since. the restoration of peace, capital has been accumulating in the country ;—money has beco me more plentiful, and mercantile confidence has begun to revive. The obvious- cause of thiS appears to be, the cessation of the immense loans required by the public service during thewar.-- - 1 t ie contribittions of capital which the war itn . p ose d on productive imhostry were employed iii sopportiog soldiers or sailors ; by whom capital is destroyed without any commercial,equivalent prodoced in return. This animal waste, therefore,. -neccss!arily retarded the accumulation of capital. It created - a void in the money market, which productive industry was called upon to fill tip. An the capital which was taken out of the tumdtet in this way, ne ver more to a p pear, i s now Irft in . the hands of the merchant and manufac turerto accumulate; anti this includes not only the lthmenSe SIIIII3 which were raised in the way of loan, but all •the taxes which have•been re rn:trci to the country in consequence of -the . restoration of peace,. namely,' :he property tax, the war malt -tax, and several others of less ilitportance. During the latter part of theNvar, the country ,was distracted by mercantile embarrassments, and by the decline of its agri culture. There Was. a great loss both of commer cial a n d agricultural capital, from the deprecia tion of stock, as well as from the convulsions and baukruptcies which shook every order of the mereantile eeinmunity, and - diffuse4l a spirit of universal distrust. All these causes, therefore, concurred, with the . waste occasioned by the war, in preventing.the accumulation of capital, and in rendering money scarce. So many unpropitious circirmstances.were at work to counteract the ef forts of produttive industry, that, tor some time, the capital of the country was rather diminishing and increasing. Bat these evils- appear now to have spent their. force. According to the ohm ration of flume, there is - a point of depression below which huina:, affairs cannot remain for any length of time ; and our affairs, from a combina lion of untoward circuinstances, having ebbed to this point, the - chirent now begins to flow in an opposite direction. The cff.,rts of individual in dustry, in accurnidatin4 . capital, being no longer counteracted, 'be'gin to be-felt, and the genertil result is marked by the increasing plenty of money, and, the testoration:of commetcial confi dence. To this cause, and not to any speculations of adventurers; is to lie intpnted the sudden rise in the value of funded property. It is scarcely tie.- cessary to remark, that ,govelutnetit securities, differing in . no respect from any other species of annuity, their price necessarily rises as the supply of capital increases, and the interest - of ,money declines. The increase of capital, ..therefore, which has lately taken plaCe,.is the great and ge- neral cause of the late. . iise iii- the value /of the public - Securities ; and those who ascribe it to ay tificia) combinations among the monied men, tuffs=' take the effect for the cause. The speculations•in the money market are produced. by the supply .of . - money increasing in proportion to the demand; in consequence of which, it becomes difficult to find out any pi ofitable mode of 'investing it.. All the ordinary channels of commerce being amply supplied, the surplus naturally flows to the capi tal, which is the centre of all the money transac tions of the kingdom, and where the immens:: mass of government securities affords. continual scope for every species of pecuniary adventure. — 'rime accumulation ,pf this. superfluous Capital, In the metropolis, creates-a demand for the public annuities ; the price rises, and time money 'Markel becomes aiotte'ry in which adventurers ate smger . to speculate; But those speculations do not oc casion time rise of •the Funds. They ate them selves the effects of the same cause, namely,the increasing plenty of money which raises the. vialue of the funds as well as every wher species of an nuity. • The necessary tendency of this incie,asing plenty of ,money, is to infuse new life and vigour intos the hugoishing industry of the country. As the additional capital comes gradually to be distributed throughout the different 6 -ranches, of corotityree and agriculture, it Will create an increased dem-axid.• for labour, of which the wages will of course rise, and it will thus Contribute essentially to the m ] . fort of, the great mass of "the community. It will also raise the value of land. The smaller the re venue yielded by money lent, the great,l. will be the inducement to invest it in • Jana, the value of which will rise in proportion to the increased tic- Mand. Pisirt cif the additional capital accumulated dill 0 . 69 be laid out in agriculture, and will ope rate as a stimulus to improvement in this important branch of industry. Hence , will arise- a new iie :nand for labour while, by an • increase of pro.' duction, in consequence of extended of improved' cultivation, the funds necessary for its support %yin be provided. That such will be the result of the accumulating capital of the country, cannot well be questioned. But time will be necessary to develope all those beneficial consequences.- It is vain to suppose that the commerce or agricul-' ture of the country can be initantaneously reno vated into its former suite-of vigour. The geeat arrangements of society are slow and gradual, nor can they .be accelerated, though they may, be thwarted or retarded by the contrivances of 'pali ticians. But though lintnan affairs may not .ad vance with so rapid a progress us .we may think desirable, ‘Ve may rest assured of Ibis, that:so ciety contains, ‘vithinitself, the true principles of perpetual improvement. That powerful motive which is continually impelling every - man to exert himself for the bettering of, his condition, ti~ ill `never allow human affairs-to stand still; and trusting, therefore, to this principle, of sure an 4 everlasting operation, we may, in the course cf. no very long period, rationally look forward to a state of progressiveimprovement in the condition . of the country. GLASGOW, SEPT.2O.—Last night, between eight and nine o'clock, a most beautiful aurora borealis was visible from this city, and continued for more than an hour extremely brilliant. The evening. was unusually serene And the sky very clear;` the moon was at the same time shining with great beauty. It first began in a beautiful arch of white light, apparently issuing. front the east, and dart ing to the west, at an elevation of about 50 de grecs. After remaining for some time in this position, it suddenly broke asunder into detached bodies, its pointed and brilliant rays directed from the magnetic north, while a very rapid motion front west to cast was obseCved to move from po sition to position of the luminous bodies. The whole had a very grand and pleasing effect. Be. twist nine and ten o'clock. it began to decay, and at last terminated in a brilliant luminous body to wards.the magnetic north. It was remarkable, that, after the corruscations, the heavens towards the zenith appeared covered with Ivlsite thin clouds, apparently of electric matter. SUDDEN DEATH.—Late CM 'Monday night, 4 Coroner's Inquest was held at the New Golden Lion, in Silver-street. on the body of Mr. YVNi. .Coorza,,of this city, .brolter,..who went to the above house about, eight o'clock on the same evening in perfect health and good spirits; hp had not been in the room more than ten minutes, and while in the act of pouring out a "glass of beer, he was seized with a sudden trembling, the cop fell froM his hand, his head kopt .on the . arm of a friend sitting next him, ifhd -he instantly expired - without. a groan or strugßle,—Verdiet', " Died by the Visitation Of Goa:''—'fire — drafis ed was about 32 years of age, and has left a wi dow and four young children to lameht their.se cre lost.-:—Cxeter Flying Post) TRIALS FOR. TREASON, DFRBY, TUESDAY, SEPT'. 13: ThtSpecial - •ComMission, for the trial of the prisoners against whom true hills for high treason had been found t►t.the..iast Assize, is to be opened here on, Thursday next... The greater part of the prisoners are in the county gaol in this town. The rest who could not be accommodated here are in the gaol at Nottingham. They arc to be marched to this town_ to be arraigned with the other pri soners, and then lo be sent back again' till their day of trial come. The prisoner:sla . this'town are : Thomas Battison, Josiah Gadbcr, Samuel Hunt, John Hi Alexander Johnson, Samuel Ludlam, 'William Ludlam, John Moor, John Mac Ressick, Joseph Turner, Edward: Turner, Josiah 'yhorp, William Turner, Robert , Turner, Joseph Wightman, William Wightman, Thomas Wightman, James Wightmhti t .Gentge Wightman, Jeremiah Brundreth (charged with having fired the fatal shot), Isaac LMlliim; Thomas John Mica:), and the three following rho have been admitted King's evidence, Geore BurrO ws,John Fletcher, and Thomas Turn er ; —hf a ll, 2G personS , are in the county gaol upon tlis Charge.—ln NottingliaM Gaol'are 15 prisoners upon the same charge : Edward Moore, William Adams, William Hardwiche, Jerman Buxton, Joseph Topham, Joseph Hall, Thomas Ensor, Nathaniel Jennings, Joseph Savage, John Wright, John Onion, George Brassington, Isaac Lud lam, Charles Swain, and Daniel Hunt. The County Hall .is fitted up with a temporary bench and seats for the trial. The hall is a large building fronting towards the south. Its ordinary interior arrangement is thus :—lf you suppose the flodr divided into two equal pafallebagrams', the front one is an empty paveMent, occupied during 'the Assizes by the crowd; the back parallelo-' gram is laid out in three equal parts for the CroWn Court, to your. right, as .you enter the hall ; ,the Nisi Prins to your left ; and an enclosed place for the Grand Jury and- their witnesses in the'middle, to whiep is attached a narrow gallery towards each court: The unoccupied parallelogram and the Crolvn Court are now formed into one extensive and commodious'eourtfor the ensuing trials in this manner :—The Bench' is at the extremity. of thc pavetnent. to the right. Immediately in frodt_is a very large table for the accommodation of,Counsel and Attornics: A number id - seats are next-placed for the reception of the numerous prisoners. Two thirds are thus occupied ; the. remaining- Third is oe,Oipied with seats rising in regular gradation for tire convenience 'of spectators. , To the right of the bench is the jury -box, and occupies the•seats assigned for prisoners in the Crown Court ; the remaining part, comprehending the former bench, bar, and jury -box, fitted up for ppeetators.' The grand jury ; gallery, too - , colt:mantis a full view of the new bench and bar. • . Mr. DENMAN is engaged as Counsel for the pri. oners ; who -else I have not yet learned. . OLD BAILEY, - Srrf. 25, CHILD STEALING. Eliza Cobb was indicted for Stealing and carry- ink; away the infant child of Jo4eph Canning, - on the 16th of August last. Sophia Canning deposed, that she was carrying her brother, the child in question, at Kensington,' on the 16th of August, and was engaged in talk ing to ,a little girl, who, as well as her other school-fellows, called her Cann, when, 'as - " s he believed, the person at the bar accosted her, and asked her if her name was Caitn. She went on to tell her that her mother desired to speak with her, and that she, the prisoner,-would in the mean . time hold and take care of t the infant. On her.re- . turn she found that ,the prisoner and her brother were gone. The woman who thus acted told her that her name was Miss Howes', she was,. marked. by the smallpox, and had a ,defect in one of-her eyes. The prisoner's, person corresponded with this description. \Vin. Jones, shopman to Mr. Rogers, stated, that be saw the prisoner on the 16th of August in" the Street with the child;, feeding it with a moistened bun, and in about a quarter of an hour afterwards heard that the child was lost. Sarah Canning, the mother of the child, describ- . ed it to have been about three months. old : the child in her arms was that which was talien away. Joseph Canning, the father, stated, that haying heard that his child had been• carried away, he went in company with Ruthven, a liow-street Officer, in purguit of the prisoner. .They found her at Akesford in possession of the.clrild,•which was in an almost famished state, and appeared as if it could not long survive. This witness's eviicnce seas fully corriihorated'hy Ruthven, the Officer, who said the prisoner was inimediately recognizcd by ,Sophia Conning, on their being brought together: Verdict--. Guilty.. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. EMBEZZLEMENT: Lawrtnce Simmons was indicted and charged, for that he being the servant ofissae Get'lese . , and haTini.., , received apt!' taken into his possession '51,35. on, his account, did feloniously embezzle the sum of 21. 3s. pare of the said sum. The prosecutor was an auctioneer, living at No. 17, Pickett-street: ' He had another shop in `servant, and Th e _p r i soner was hi s . servant, and hftd the _eve of the auction-room in Fish street-hill. He was employed to receive the mo - - ney for the goods sold, and to bring an account to witness's brother every evening. On the 10th of July he saw the prisoner, and he was told by him that the model of a ship was left for ,sale by a than of the name of narrate. The day after the prisoner told him that he had sold the model of the ship for 31. Witness said he had sold it at much too low a'price, and ordered the prisoner to get the buyer's „address before it was delivered: - The prisoner had given witness's bro ther 31.. for the ship. Two gentlemen of the - Jewish persuasion gave the prisoner a good eharacter.-,-Guilty. The prosecutor recommended the prisoner to mercy, as he had a wife and four small children. A fraud of considerable magnitude has, been re cently committed on several merchants in Lon don. An Englishman connected with a new firm at Trieste, came over to this country for avowed mercantile purposes, and eiintrived to obtain pos session of various large sums of money, under the promise of sending the patties valuable consign ments. " The swindler has decamped with his booty, and his partner at Trieste, when tou late, has sent to .England his real character. MANSION-HOUSE. Ittrsx VAGRANTS.—Yesterday two. Irishmen, Who said they had'ot a halfpenny between them, applied to the LORD MAYOR for passes to their own country, in the usual way, namely, by beg ging hi the streets. IVhen the search was ordered they were - quite uncomfortable. In the hat of one of them two 11. notes were 'found neatly stitch ed up, and the other had silver and penny-pieces secreted about the knees of 'his breeches, which. were swelled to such a size as to - appear the con sequence of the . goat or dropsy in the limbs they covered. The former said, be supposed his mom i-lher put the notes in his hat for griod luck ; the latter was ready to swear he didn't know his breeches had any thing but himself in them. Both prayed to be sent home out of the - way of the thieves that were watching 'em day and night. Before the LORD MAYOR disposed Of them; ano.g ther named Pitddy Keely was brought-up on the. same business. 1 - le carried a large - bundle, which he said was nothing but old clothes. The officer said, the carrier, upon seeing such a._ wardrObe,• swore he could never .find conveyancs for it. It was ordered to be opened. The con, tents were actually splendid. - The owner himself appeared surprized, and told his Lordship he had got them from a woman at Bow without knowing they. were, and was.going to bring Aliens home to a girl in Ireland. LI the, sack were, amongst .many other articles, a new satin gown, several silk handkerchiefs, and an enormous pair of leather breeches. The LORD MAYOR said little compassion Wail title, to these idle fellows, who must make the best of their way home without the assistance of the city. As for Mr. Keely and the present lie h a d f or his sweetheart, it was clear that lie could not be considered in any,pther light than as a man of property who knew the partiality the seat; had for dress. lie.might as well expect a. pass if he was dressed in ,the contents of the sack as his present condition. WORSHIP-STREET: .CRUF.I.TY OF A INLiTHER...-MES. Martha Francis; the wife of a French Teacher, residing in Nelson street; Hackney-fields, was charged- by-iteOver seers of Shoreditch -Parish with cruelty to her Owrt daughter, a child only four years old. The child was in the Office, and was covered with welts, black and blue, Irons head to focit; one of her eyes was in a dreadful state, for which the pri soner 'accounted by saying she had run against some thing. The prisoner had three other chil dren, all of whom she treated iu a different man ner, which was stated to be occasioned by having nursed them herself; but this unfortunate child had been sent out to. nurse, and had not been with her, which; it is supposed, weaned her affections from it.- 7 --Mr. MAINWARING, under all the cir cumstances; told the Overseers, as the Grand Jury•were sitting, . they had better bring the child before them in the state she was in. The prisoner was committed for want of bail. THE IRISH FEVER.—A householder, in Cow cross, attended before the Sitting Magistrate, to -ask his advice under the following circumstances: —He stated, that some days ago_a family, who had come from Ireland,. hired lodgings .at his house, but they had not been there long before they exhibited ; evident symptoms of the Typhus fever, such as is stated to be now raging in Ire lam. ; before they were- long in the house they were all affected by it, and Ile, being fearful him.- orany of his family should catch the con.ta' gion, wished to have them removed out cat his house, and applied to the Magistrate for that pur pose. The worthy Magistrate said he had no ju risdiction ; it, Was a . hard' case . ; he had bettFr apply to the Overseers of the parish, and get rid o f them in the regular way.'„ At Stourbridge. Fair yesterday, there was a good chew of horses of a middling description, which sold readily ; horses of a superior kind were scarce, and Jim few sold. TII6IO was a small supply of Essex hops, in pockets, which cold at about 201. per cwt. The prices of cheese were as follow': Derby 60s. Gloucester 655. Cheshire 84s. and Cottenham 48s. to 50s. per cwt. The Court of Assizes of Beauvais has con demned to death . ;t woman : ri`itned Truptil, for having set fire to her house, out of hatred to her husband, with whom she lived on bad terms. Tuesdarnight, or early on Wednesday morn ing, some thieves burglariously broke open the coaeh-house belonging to FIELD, Esq. im Pond-street, Hampstead, and stole the coach glasses, with all the inside furniture of the coach. The same night, some thieves broke open the chaise-house and stable, belonging to Mr. Wamwr of the same place, and stole a new saddle and all the chaise harness : a crow bar was found in a field adjoining the premises on Wednesday morn ing, by Read, senior`, of Hatton-garden Police Mice, .. Saturday .Joseph Keeth 'was convicted before the Magistrates of ,Exeter, for having in his pos session 222 false or counterfeit three shilling Bank tokens, fbr which he was fined I,110t.; null not; being able to pay the same; he was committed to Southgate-prison, Exeter, for three .calendar months, and to he kept to hard labour during his confinement. The penalty :is 51. for each token. BIRTHS. On Friday last, Mrs. Ilanunan,Burton-street,Burton-cres-. cent, of a flanOter. .On Monday last, at his house, Everton, near LiverpoOl, the Lady of Anthony Littledale, V.sq. of a daughter. • •- . MARRIED. On Tuesday last, at Hendon Church, Mr. Charles Cope, Solicitor, to Charlotte, eldest daughter of William Godwin, E sq . of Hendon.- Yesterday, at •Milton Ernys, Bedfordshire, the..Rev,..rohit Donne - , to Miss Haslehurst. DIED. On the 24th inst. at his house at Walharn Green, Thomas Ling - hain, Esq. in his 84th year, universally respected. On Wednesday, the 24th'inst. at his house at Kennington , Charles Flicks, Esq. aged 60, for many years as Underwriter at Lloyd's Coffee-house. • On MinniailTist,;this house in Portman street, Major' General Horace Churchill. . - - -- ,--- - • LONDON: Printed by J. R. CARS'fAIR.S,.of No. 29, Great Ormond -street; Queen-square; and published by W. k: SCRIPPS, of No. 7, South.Alolton-street, at THE • Su'' Oilice, No. 112, Strand ; svliere Advertisements, Orders' I.lsttcrs . , &c. (post-paid) must he addrcsoe.i. to