The Sun. — London, England, 1847-06-28 00:00:00

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. A CHAPTER OF AMERICAN RAILWAY ACCIDENTS. We cannot better follow up our sketch of transatlantic railway progress than with some s amples of accidents on American lines. In these accident epidemic days at home they will be read with interest, though, of course, the catas trophes are only a tithe of what occur over the vast extent of rail in the new world, where they du not at present appear to be familiar with official returns of killed or wounded, or the forms of judicial inquiry by coroners and Govern ment Commissioners. The information will, however, suffice for any one who may be bent on the curious dis covery as to " whether they do these things better in the States." The first ensample will readily be recog nised by the terrible resemblance that it bears to the late lamentable accident on the bridge over the Dee. On Sunday night week, when the mail train on the Petersburgh Railroad was within a mile and a half of Weldom, N.C., some of the props of a bridge over which it was passing gave way. The engine and tender cleared the brid.;e, but the mail and passenger cars went down, and were much injured. The passengers themselves re- ceived no material injury. The second we have to give is the first to our know ledge yet occasioned by the electric telegraph, and is altogether of a most extaordinary turn. The telegraph wire at the Western Railway Depot at Charlton blew down last night where it crosses the track, and the wire caught on the engine of the down freight train, pulling over one of the posts, and sweeping from the train three brakemen. One was killed, one had his leg broken, but the other was not injured. No damage was done to the train.—Boston Ti ans. As the Philadelphia train was entering Elizabethtown last evening, at half past eight o'clock, a light covered waggon, containing Gideon Allen, of Scotch Plains, and Ephraim Ryno, of Short Hills, on their way to Elizabeth Port, was run down by , the locomotive. Mr. Allen was killed immediately, and Mr. Ryno was taken off the cow-eatcher, when the cars were stopped, in about the distance of the length of the train. The bell was rung before the waggon was perceived, and the steam whistle was sounded in full force immediately after, but the persons in the waggon did not tike it for warning of the approach of cars, not knowing that they were run on Sunday. Mr. Ryno insisted on being taken home last evening, and, together with the corpse of his companion, was sent back. The deceased was an industrious man, a carpenter by trade, and was about sixty years of age. He was a widower, and leaves several children. Mr. Ryno, although considerably bruised, is not dangerously injured. One of the horses was killed, and the waggon broke into fragments. The passenger train of cars from Boston ran into a freight train that was waiting at Schodack for the pas senger train from Albany to pass, last evening, doing considerable damage to the engine, and smashing one of the freight cars. The fireman, in jumping from the ens gine, struck upon his head and was seriously injured. A melancholy accident happened as the train of cars for Baltimore was turning the corner at Broad and Market-streets. A worthy man, named John M'Peck, attempted to get upon the train, intending to proceed to New Castle, when he slipped and fell between the wheels, and was dragged some distance before the I train could be stopped. He was dread f u ll y smashed, causing his death half an hour after being removed to ved to the hospital. He was about 48 years of age, has left a wife and six children a t New Castle, where he resided. AN INF AMOII S OCTRAG E.—Some miscreant opened the switch of the A. and R. Railroad, situated about five miles east of Canandaigua, on Wednesday night, and fastened it open. On one side was an embank ment of about thirty feet in height, and it was no doubt the design of the scoundrel to throw the entire train down this precipice. As the night train from the west approached, the engine and tender ran off at the end of the switch, ploughing its way Into the ground and completely burying the wheels on one side. But for the softness of the ground, the engine, tender and men upon them, must inevitably have ben precipitated down the bank ! By promptly propping the lower side of the engine it was prevented, and the engine was got upon the track again on Thursday afternoon. Dr. Hitchcock. of Middleboroueh, Mass., and Mr. M'Kennison, were so severely injured by collision on the Fall River Railroad at Randolph depot, that both died this evening. Mr. George H. Haven, conductor, Worcester-road, was run over by the engine last evening, and died to-day. The Houratonic railroad train for Albany, on Wednes day, was run into near Great Barrington, by a freight train. A car of the passenger train got off the track, and while they were endeavouring to replace it, the freight train came up. A boy, belonging to Great Barrington, who wa s s t an di ng i n f ron t o f th car which was off the track, was thrown down by the collision of the two trains, and so badly hurt that he died instantly. No other persons were hurt. Two of the passenger cars were somewhat damaged. An engine on the Old Colony Railroad ran off the track at South Hanson on Friday, and a man connected with the road had his face badly scalded. On Friday afternoon, as the train for Danvers from Salem was backing up to that place, it ran off the track on the causeway of the North river. Fortunately, the baggage crate, being in the rear, fell over the bank bottom up, and the passenger train ran partly off but rested on the top of the crate. The train was full of passengers, and it was a fortunate escape. The accident was caused by a stone being on the track. THE ACCIDENT CoMPENsATIoN PRINCIPLE OBTAINS IN BOSTON DAMAGES FOR THE DEATH OF A PASSENGER -Dr. Alfred Hitchcock, of Ashby, brother of the late Dr. Henry D. Hitchcock, of Middleboroueh, who was killed on the 23d of February last, by a collision of cars on the Fall River Railroad, has made an adjustment of the claims of the widow and heirs against said company. The company through their treasurer, David Anthony, Esq., of Fall River, have paid to the legal claimants the sum of 54,500. and have received a discharge from any further liability. EXTRA STEAM.—Some weeke since, a western cor respondent, discussing the probable causes of several recent disastrous railroad collisions, stated that a con ductor on the Tonawanda Railroad was accustomed to stop at a place between Attica and Buffalo and fire up his own engine with a tumbler of brandy. It is not ne cessary to inform readers in the vicinity that the Tona wanda Railroad only extends from Rochester to Attica, and consequently that our correspondent's remark could not have justly applied to any of its conductors, who, of course, stand wily vindicated in the premises. There is special reason why men employed on railroads and steamboats, but especially engineers and conductors, should never taste intoxicating liquors, and we are glad to hear that those on the Tonawanda resent the imputa tion that they have done so while on duty. ENGINE STRUCK BY LIGHTNING.—A short time since an engine attached to a passenger train on the railroad from Augusta to Atalanta, was struck by lightning. The fluid passed along the cars and gave the passengers a shock, but did no further mischief. John Driscoll, an engineer on the Norwich railroad, was killed at Grenville by the collision of two engines. FOUR MILES OF FOREST FIRED BY A RAILWAY. — The woods, about four miles on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, were on fire on Tuesday evening when the Washington cars arr i ve d, su pp ose d to b e fi re d b y a spar k , and were burning before the s t orm y w i n d w hi c h was blowing with great fierceness. It is apprehended much damage may be done. NEWCASTLE AND BERWlCH..—Yesterday, the anni versary of the battle of Waterloo, was appointed for the opening:of this great national undertaking—now the last connecting link in railway communication between the metropolis of England and of Scotland. Since the open• ing day was fixed, the directors have deemed it expe dient to defer it for a short period, and we understand no public demonstration suited to the occasion will take place until the whole of the magnificent viaducts now in progress of construction are completed.—Newcastle Guardian. MR. BALN'S NEW SYSTEM OF TELEGRAPBIC COM• eteretecaleoN.—Mr. Bain states that his present improve ments have for their first and main object to obviate the waste of time which now attends the making and break. ing of contact by means of electro-magnets, and the em ployment of needles to indicate the letters of the alphabet, figures, &c. He describes various arrangements by which this maybe effected, but they are all nearly similar in their general features, at least so far as respects their elementary principles, and the effects produced by them. To give a distinct and clear view, however, of this specification, we are forced to depart somewhat from the order in which the various parts, &c., are described in the original. Each complete system of arrangements con sists, of course, of a transmitting apparatus at one end of a line, and a recipient apparatus at the other, with a con necting wire, or wires, between them. From the descrip tion given of Mr. Bain's invention, it will be seen that the rapidity of communication by it is limited by two cir cumstances only—first, the time required to punch out the holes in the roll of paper of the transmitting apparatus before c.immitting it to (may we not say ?) the press; and, second, the number of intermissions of the electric current which can be effected in any given time —one intermission being requisite for every letter, or sign. Now, the time required for the first part of the process must depend on the number of letters or signs which it is in the physical power of a clever hand to punch out in a given time, which can scarcely exceed, on the average, 100 a minute; but the passage of the e l ec t r i c fl u id i s so instant ane o us (f as t e r than lightning) that we make no doubt from 500 to 4,000 intermissions in a minute may be readily effected en the w ay proposed by Mr. Bain. Supposing, there fore, a commu nicationo to be once pursued out in paper, paper t and thebe committed to the transmitting ap paratus, it will requir e laut a few minutes to convey that communication toaeydistance, however great, and that, too, in as complete a state as letter, dispatch, c ircular, or pamphlet, is now any e practicability onveyed bodily in this by post. We foresee the perfect way of all the lea din g articles of t h e Times news h thatr news paper, (ex. gr.) bei n g re p rinted and republi s h e d i n Liverpool, or Edinburgh , simulta neously with their publication in London ! It would onl y be necessary, in order to effect this incompa rable desider atum -there should be placed by the side of each compositor a :man with a set of punches and a roll of paper, to punch as last as the other composed, and that when a column was completed, it should be sent off to the Electric Telegraph o.Rice, to be transmitted to Liverpool, Glasgow, or Edin bu,e;h, there to he rendered from the telegraphic charac ters into the ordinary characters of our mother tongue, reprinted and republished. Has any other plan of elec tro-t elegraphic communication yet proposed offered ad vauta ges equal to this? We believe not. Suggestions, point' ug to such a plan, have, we are aware, been thrown out be fore now; but Mr. Bain has at all events, the un questionable merit of being the first to turn to practical 'account a principle which all other able men occupied with the same subject have practically neglected. — Mechanics' Magazine. 'THE ITINERARIUM, OR RAILWAY COMPASS.—The biect of this invention is to insure more punctuality on r ra j w stys. It will at all times show to ;the engineer the spe ed t of the engine, the distance to the next station, and the position on the line, which will be useful at THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY MORN ING, JUNE 28, 1847. night, or in foggy weather. There is a chrono- , meter, which will, of course, show the railway time. It will also register on 'paper a description of the journey, that is, the time occupied at each station and "during the journey, and the exact speed travelled during every mile. This paper may be taken off at the end of each journey, the date and number of engine marked on, and filed in the railway office. The apparatus has a dial, the circumference of which is divided into the number of miles on the railway, and all the stations are correctly marked down at the pro per distances from each terminus. A finger or indicator points to that place on the dial occupied by the engine on the line of railway. There is a small finger, which re volves once in two miles, by which the engineer can ascertain his speed. There is also another small finger, which revolves once in sixty journeys, or about 10.000 miles. by means of which it can be ascertained what distance the engine has performed during a considerable period, say ten weeks . ; and as many engineers are paid by mileage, it would settle all disputes as to the distance run during the week or fortnight for which they receive their wages. Within the apparatus the speed a nd distance is registered. A long strip of paper is previously marked with per pendicular lines, which represent lines, and with hori zontal lines, which represent minutes; and it is so a rranged that onedivision of the perpendicular lines is wound on a cylinder when the engine has advanced one mile. Connected with the chronometer is an ap paratus moving a pencil, which marks the paper cross one division line in one minute of time ; by this means (according to the perpendicular or diagonal mark on the paper) the stoppage and velocity of the engine can be precisely ascertained. The itine rarium is moved by means of a separate wheel running on the rail, and is not affected by breaks or slipping, &c. ; it is placed in a convenient place, so that the engineer may readily see it, and at night it is illuminated. The Manchester and Leeds Railway Company have allowed the inventor to test the experiment on one of their en gines, and several trips have been made with the appa ratus, which fully realised the expectations formed con cerning it.—Maneliester Express. EXECUTION of the CRIMINAL LAW The following are extracts from the Second Report (just issued by order of the House of Lords) from the Lords' Select Committee to inquire into the Execution of the Criminal Law, especially respecting Juvenile Offenders and Transportation:— A great number of persons have been exa-mined. Re corders of cities and boroughs, judges of local jurisdic tion, magistrates, governors and chaplains of gaols and penitentiaries, prison inspectors, and others having the care of convicts at home and in the penal colonies. Answers to the questions circulated have likewise been obtained from thirty-three learned judges of the United Kingdom exercising criminal jurisdiction namely, fourteen of the judges of England (the fifteenth having only recently been appointed), the twelve judges of Ire land, and the seven of the High Court of Justiciary in Scotland, and the late Lord President Hope, formerly Lord Justice Clerk. The Committee have likewise ob tained valuable information from foreign countries, and especially by correspondence with the Ministers and judicial officers of France. The whole body of this evi dence and information they have reported to the House, and they now beg leave to preface it with the following statement touching its import, and some suggestions arising from the consideration of it. In the first place, nearly all are agreed that the punishment of transportation cannot safely be aban doned; that it has terrors for offenders generally which none other short of death possesses; that no such fear attends imprisonment, especially for hardened offenders; that no hope exists of imprisonment being so far ren dered more formidable as to supply in all respects the place of transportation. Upon the subject of transportation nearly all the learned judges are clearly and strongly of the same opinion; they consider that it would be extremely un wise to abandon it. Secondly—That imprisonment, as usually practised, is not an efficacious punishment, though accompanied with hard labour, and with separation or with silence, as it is in some prisons, is likewise the result of the evidence. Only those who undergo it for the first time appear to feel it much: this suffering soon wears off. A second commitment finds the criminal by no means un prepared to undergo it, and it ever after ceases to exer cise a deterring effect. The number of times that young offenders have been committed, some of them twelve or fifteen times within a few years, seems strongly illus trative of this position; whereas convicts returned from transportation, either by escape or by expiration of their sentences, regard with the utmost terror the repetition of that punishment. How far imprisonment can be so far altered as to be efficacious, either as preparatory to transportation or as a punishment by itself, is a question of difficulty, upon which little evidence could be given, inasmuch as no sufficient experience has yet been had of the improved systems which are now in partial operation. Thirdly—The evidence all tends to show the great importance of our prison discipline. Solitary confine ment ought on no acceunt to be inflicted beyond a very short time, as three or four weeks, with a considerable interval after each week, and only two or at most three weeks during a period of eighteen months or two years. Its effects on both the bodily and mental health are such as plainly to prescribe these limits. The separate system, where it has been fairly tried, seems to supply exactly what is needed, forcing the mind to self-communion, and allowing this to be broken only by communication with those morally the superiors or the convict. Nor does this system, on the balance of the evidence, appear to the Committee to be inconsistent with the health of the prisoners in body or mind, although on this last point there is a difference of opi nion, some witnesses regarding this discipline as hurtful, not indeed to the structure and functions of the under standing, but to the energies of the will. On this subject the Committee would recommend, first, that great care be taken in administering the system of separate confine ment with labour; and, secondly, that the number of prisons adapted to the practice of it be multiplied. Fourthly—The evidence throws some light upon the treatment of young offenders. That the contamination of a gaol, as gaols are usually managed, may often prose fatal, and must always be hurtful to boys committed for a first offence, and that thus for a very trifling act they may become trained to the worst of crimes, is clear enough. But the evidence gives a frightful picture of the effects which are thus produced. In Liverpool, of fourteen cases selected at random by the magistrates, there were several of the boys under twelve who in the space of three or four years had been above fifteen times committed, and the average of the whole fourteen was no less than nine times. Without going beyond the principle which should be followed on this question, the Committee are disposed to recommend the adoption, by way of trial, of reformatory asylums, combined with a moderate use of corporal punishment. The Committee also recommend the trial of a suggestion made by witnesses who have given much attention to this subject, that, wherever it is possible, part of the cost attending the conviction and punish ment of juvenile offenders should be legally chargeable upon their parents. Fifthly—The working of convicts exposed to public view is condemned by most of those who have been consulted or examined as a practice tending to harden the offender, as revolting to the feelings of the commu nity, and even as calculated to excite a feeling in the convict's favour. The objections, however, to this practice are mate rially dimini s hed if th e conv i c t s b e emp l oye d in remote and comparatively unpeopled " districts," such as may be found in some of the colonial possessions of the Crown, or in other situations, where the labour of con victs may be employed without all the evils attendant upon working under the public gaze. Sixthlv—Witnesses of the most competent authority from Ireland are of opinion that the system of employ ing large bodies of convicts together in the public view could not be adopted with sarety in that coun ry, where the sympathy of the mass of the people would be in favour of the criminal, especially in all cases of agrarian crimes, and that it would be consequently necessary to transfer to England all Irish criminals destined to b. employed on public works, in case this mode of punish ment were adopted. Seventhly—There is almost entire unanimity in opinion against imprisonment for short terms. There is no prospect of the reformation of any class by such punishments, while their tendency is certain to accustom young offenders to the infliction, and thereby to lessen its deterring effects. If, however, it is found in the admi nistration of the criminal law that short imprisonments must still be inflicted, the Committee see no reason why solitary confinement should] not form part of such sen tences, subject to the formerly stated limitation in re spect of time. Eighthly—The evidence both from France and else where of the evil effects produced by the liberation of many convicts yearly, as their terms of imprisonment expire, would seem strongly to inculcate the necessity of obviating the great inconvenience of setting at liberty in this country, on the expiration of their sentence, those who had once been convicted of serious crimes. Looking to facts, the committee are of opinion that the punishment of transportation should be retained for serious offences ; that such punishment should in some cases be carried into effect immediately, in others at a later period ; that the first stages of the punishment, whether carried into effect in this country or in the colonies, should be of a reformatory as well as of a penal character, and that the later stages at all events should be carried into effect in the colonies, the convict being for that purpose retained under that unqualified restraint to which, under the existing system of transportation, men holding tickets of leave or conditional pardon are subjected. The committee must not be supposed to have either overlooked or underrated the alarming state of crime and depravity which appears to have arisen in parts of the Australian colonies, but they think that these evils might be remedied by alterations in the police, the penal, the religious, and the moral system to which the con vic:,inititt:er undergoing reformatory discipline, either at home or in the colonies, are subjected, together with such measures as would remedy the existing disproportion of the s' 3 xes in the colonies. difference f capital punishments,Y especting the expediency of abolishing the Committee found scarcely any authorities agree i n Almost all witnesses and all opinion that for offences of the gravest kind the in Tent of d ea th oug ht t o b e C ommittee find cons id era bl e duff, r ecceretaineefd.epißniuotntuhpelih dhsoeterring effect of punishment generally. But it is remarkable that those who have actual intercourse with convicts are they who feel the and who lean the most to make , trial of least sanguine as to this deterring or exemplary effect of penal infliction, punishment as affording the means of reformation. The experiment that has been tried at Stretton on Densmore, in Warwickshire, for above twenty-eight years, an d similar experiments at Horn, near Hamburgh Mettray, in France, and eleven other establishments in imitation, during the last eight years, afford a highly gratifying view of the efficacy of reformatory discipline, especially upon young offenders. Lastly—Upon one subject the whole of the evidence and all the opinions are quite unanimous—the good that may be hoped from education, meaning thereby a sound moral and religious training, commencing in infant schools, and followed up in schools for older pupils; to these, where it is practicable, industrial training should be added. There seems in the general opinion to be no other means that afford even a chance of lessening the number of offenders, and diminishing the atrocity of their crimes. The Committee, therefore, deem that they should not be discharging their duty if they did not earnestly press these momentous subjects upon the attention of the Legislature. Without raising any speculative question upon the right to punish those whom the State has left in ignorance, it may safely be affirmed that the duty of all ruler.; is both to prevent, as far as may be possible, the necessity of punishing, and when they do inflict punishment to attempt reform ation. The Committee, therefore, strongly recommend the adoption of effectual measures fcr diffusing generally, and by permanent provisions, the inestimable benefits of good training and of sound moral and religious instruc tion ; while they also urge the duty of improving exten sively the discipline of the gaols and other places of confinement. BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. OXFORD, JUNE 23. The city has been rapidly filling during the morning, and everything portends an interesting meeting. Amongst the earliest arrivals at the reception room were—Lucien Bonaparte, Prince of Canino ; the Chev alier Bunsen, the Prussian Ambassador ; the Hon. Mr. Bancroft, the American Minister ; Count Rosen, from Sweden, deputed especially from that country by the Crown Prince in order to exhibit some very remarkable maps of his execution, representing the productions of iron and wood, and the relative altitudes of the kingdom; the Marquis of Northampton; Sir T. D. Acland, Bart., M.P.; Sir C. Lemon, Sir R. Murchison, Mr. know Harris, Mr. Henry Delabeche, the Doan of West minster. Scc. _ . . ........... ____ in For the first time its erratic meetings, theAssocia. tion has been placed under the surveillance of the metro politan police; those two intelligent officers of the de tective police, Inspector Haynes and Langley, having arrived yesterday. Amongst the fresh announcement of visitors, is M. Le Verrier, the discoverer of the last planet added to the solar system; and Professor Ehrenberg, from Berlin, who was announced by the Chevalier Bun sen, the Prussian Minister, this afternoon, not only had permission from the King of Prussia to attend, but also all his expenses paid. The first meeting of the general committee was held at one o'clock in the council chamber at the Town-hall. The chair was taken by Sir R. Murchison, the President at Southampton. A lengthy and verbose discussion took place on a resolution to reunite the mechanical along with the mathematical section with which it was for merly connected. Amongst the speakers on the subject were Sir John F. W. Herschel, Professors Eaton Hodg kinson and Baden Powell, Professor John Scott Russell, F.R.S.E., &c.; but, in being put to the vote, the num bers appearing equal, the mechanical section was per mitted to have existence for at least the present session. A satisfactory report was read of the accommodation which could be offered for the next meeting at Swansea. From the arrangements which had been made it appeared that the town:was capable of affording accommodation to 1,000 visitors, whilst the meeting-rooms were equally commodious. Cheltenham, Edinburgh, and Norwich have each sent deputations to the present meeting, but it is anticipated that the decision, which will be made on Sa turday, will be in favour of Swansea. Amongst other circumstances to induce the visit to that locality, it was stated that a Royal Institution for South Wales had lately been established there. The applications made by the Association to public bodies appeared by the report to be unsatisfactory. Among others, was an application to Lieutenant-Colonel Coleby for an alteration in the system of Ordnance sur veys in Ireland, and which it was represented would in terfere with the public service and requirements. Mr. J. TAYLOR, the treasurer next read the report of the finances of the past year, which made the total re ceipts 1,1671. 6s. 10d. Among them was the donation of 1001. subscribed by Prince Alpert at the last meeting at Southampton, whilst the incidental receipts from the contributions of members and associates made up the remainder of the sum. The money expended in grants for the execution of scientific objects and researches was very small, for out of 4101. voted at Southampton only 2801. ss. 4cl. was paid, a remarkable deficiency to the expenditure of former years. The treasurer further announced that the commencement of the present meeting was very encouraging, as already 569 tickets had been issued. The meeting, which was more numerously attended than on any previous occasion, was then adjourned till Saturday morning at 9 o'clock. Great interest was ex cited by the presence of the Prince of Canino (Lucien Bonaparte), with the Prussian and American Ministers. INTRODUCTORY GENERAL MEETING. The theatre was in the afternoon filled with members and ladies to attend the preliminary proceedings and the opening of the business of the Association. The chair was taken by Sir R. I. Murchison, F.R.S., who was abundantly decorated with the orders bestowed upon him by the Emperor of Russia, the King of Sweden, and other northern potentates, to whose districts his geological inquiries had carried him. He was supported by the Marquis of Northampton, the President of the Royal Society, the Prussian and American Ministers, Sir T. Dyke Acland, Bart., M.P., the Earl of Ennis killen, Sir John Herschel, Bart., Sir John Richardson, Sir James Ross, Dr. Faraday, Professor Owen, and many other of the leading members. Sir R. I. MunclirsoN, in opening the business of the meeting, said that there was a very fair matter of con gratulation in the proceedings of the Association during the past year, accompanied as they were, likewise, with the reminiscences of its first visit to Oxford. He was glad to be enabled to recognise in the room the presence of representatives of the science of Russia, Prussia, Sweden, Norway, Holland, and France. Amongst the latter he could not but feel satisfaction in announcing the name of M. Le Verrier, whose astronomical reputation was European. After a year of very satisfactory inte rest, he had great pleasure in resigning his seat to his successor, Sir Robert H. Inglis, Bart., M.P. Sir R. H. INcias, the president elect, who was attired in his robes as Doctor of Civil Laws of this university, delivered the preliminary address, which occupied about two hours. He commenced by alluding to the progress which had been made in the different branches of scien tific inquiry since the last meeting. At the head of these was an important discovery in astronomy, the result of pure intellect. In this, human intellect had but tracked a path in the highways of the universe which had been arranged millions of years before by the Great Creator. He would not presume to dispute upon the rivalry or merits of Le Verrier and Adams, but it was certain that one had found by midnight watchings what the other had predicted by the results of calculation. It was indeed a glorious triumph of the intellect that it was not necessary to sit down with Alexander the Great, and say that there were no new worlds to conquer, for there were many new worlds to be discovered. In al lusion to the astronomical exertions of the Earl of Rosse, one of the vice-presidents of the present meeting, lie itrihge must state that his telescope was the greatest contri bution. that ever wealth had made to science, particu larly n its b c ir:o n n a o s f , : i lf n e e ir it ti f : .v a e l m an iva d et m eo e r c o h i a og n i ic c a ,t l i enuity. I s c hT f ough the means of the association, and affectedthe air was observations made t proved e d that by tidal D enovem as en a t s s ° water ; that, in fact, astronomic a l observations of great importance could now be made by the barometer. In chemistry discoveries of great importance had been made, particularly in the discovery of electrical currents produced from the muscular contractions of the living body, and which ceased sooner in warm than in cold blooded animals. This, which had been introduced by Pre. fessor Matucci, had been confirmed by the observations of Dr. Faraday, who would lay before them some of the results of his experience and observation. Since the last meeting many important and interesting researches had been made in the insect creation, as the results of the mi croscopical exhibition to be held in the ensuing week would doubtlessly prove. One of the latest disco veries of the microscope was by the circulation of the blood from the arteries to the veins, a matter propounded by Harvey, but never before demonstrated. In natu ral history, and particularly in botany, the most im portant practical developments were being made. Vast numbers of plants had the last two or three years been introduced into the botanic gardens at Kew from Austra lia and China, the result of which had been a very great increaseda dditional e number n thator visitors establishment, who h aasd shown'frequentedin the it. Electricity was working wonders for the benefit and comforts of mankind. In the United States of America there was an instantaneous com munication of 1,300 miles; and when the Hibernia steamer lately carried out the intelligence of the dearth of corn in this country to Boston, it was instantane ously conveyed to New York, the streets of which were the next day filled with carts from neighbouring farmers laden with the produce of the country, and for English use. It must be recollected that to the United States we were first indebted for the intro duction and exercise of the electric telegraph. Much as benefits had been conferred upon this country by distinguished individuals, intellect had undoubtedly thrown more reputation upon it than had arms; the name of Newton had a supremacy to that of Marl borough. Sir Robert Inglis concluded his very able address by impressing upon the meeting that an im proved knowledge of science advanced our knowledge of God, and that new developments were productive of moral improvement. The Marquis of NORTHAMPTON, proposed and the Chevalier BUNSEN seconded, a motion of thanks to Sir H. Inglis, for his address, which was carried by accla mation. The latter announced his receipt of intelligence of the restoration to a state of convalescence of Bavon Humboldt, of whose recovery to health some doubts were lately entertained. The meeting adjourned to Wednesday. The ordinary was held at the Star Hotel, in the even• ing, when Sir R. Murchison, F.R.S., presided. rADVERTISEMENT.]—THE EARL OF ALDBOROUGII AND HOLLOWAY'S PILLS.—An astounding cure by this miraculous medicine, after every other means had failed. See extract from his Lordship's letter, dated " Villa Messina, Leghorn, Feb. 21, 1845. Professor Holloway—Sir : I beg to acquaint you that your pills have effected a cnro of a disorder in my liver and stomach all the most eminent of the faculty, at home and all over the continent, had not been able to effect ; nay, not eves the waters of Carlsbad or Ma rienbad. (Signed) " ALDBOROUGII." These wonderful pills will cure any disease of the liver or stomach.—Sold (alse Holloway's Ointment) at Professor Holloway's Establishment, 241, Strand, and by all medicine vendors throughout the civilised world. DEATH OF THE LION AT THE SURREY GARDENS. — On Wednesday last the lion Adolphus, the smallest of the two in Mr. Tyler's collection of wild beasts in the. Surre7 Gardens, died, after an ilium of only WO dap LAW IN TELLIGEN CE. VICE-CHANCELLORS' COURT, June 26. (Before Sir J. K. BrzucE.) HUGGART ?L THE CROYDON CANAL COMPANY. This J bili was filed for the putp,,se of obtaining a dis tribution of the residue of a sum of money paid for the purchase of a canal by the Croydon Railway Company. The original sum contracted to be paid by the company was 40,250/., which was to be applied, first, in paying off the liabilities of the Canal Company, and then the residue to be paid to the shareholders. This bill was filed to have the distribution effected. The COURT decided that there must be a reference to the Master, to ascertain what liabilities of the company were unpaid previous to a distribution of the surplus. COURT OF EXCHEQUER, June 26. POTEZ V. GLOSSOP. This was an action by the endorser of two bills of exchange against the acceptor, to recover the sum of 5001. Sir Frederick Thesiger, Mr. Chambers, Mr. Muller, and Mr. George Pollock were counsel for the plaintiff ; and Mr. Cockburn, Mr. Humphrey, and Sir John Bay ley for the defendant. It appeared that the defendant is a clergyman of the Church of England, and holds the living of West Dean, Salisbury. Having occasion several months ago for pecuniary assistance, he referred to the advertisements in the daily papers, in August, 1846, and found the fol. lowing in the Morning Herald :—. " PERSONAL SECURITY.—A sum exceeding 10,000/. is ready immediately to be advarced in sums of not less than 100/., nor more than 2,0001. to one individual. The borrower must be of known consequence and solidity, and no personal application can be noticed. Communi cations to be made, in writing only, in the first instance, to J. R., 300, Oxford-street. He immediately answered the adverti seme nt, s t s tirg the c i rcums t ance s which induced him to ask for a loan, and a correspondence ensued between the parties, the letters to the defendent being signed "J. P. Gardiner." The result of the correspondence was the defendant's going to London and having an interview with Gardiner. Preliminaries being then finally arranged, the defendant gave Gardiner two acceptance, amounting to 500/, pay able at four months after date, in order that Gardiner might get them discounted for him. Gardiner, in ex , change for the bills, gave the defendant his receipt for them, which stated that he held them for the purpose of obtaining a discount upon them. The defendant then went away, in full expectation of having his money on the following day, when Gardiner would have pro cured it from his bankers. For that purpose he called upon Gardiner, at his office in Fludyer- street, West minster, hut his visit ended in disappointment, u hich G. rdiner made up for by saying that he intended, in a few days, going down to Southampton, when he would bring the amount with him. With that assurance the defendant left town, and according to pre vious arrangement, sent his carriage to meet Gar diner at Southampton on the appointed day. In the meantime, however, he received a letter from that per son, saying that he had been prevented from leaving town, but would beg to appoint the following Saturday. In the meantime two other letters reached the defendant's house, one of which was from Gardiner, desiring him to answer in the affirmative any gentleman writing from his bankers to ascertain the authenticity of the accept. antes he had given. The other was from a person named Gadderer, of 23, Craven-street, Strand, who now for the first time appeared in the transaction, and re quested the information alluded to in Gardiner's letter. When the letters arrived the defendant was from home, but Mrs. Glossop opened them, and wrote to Gadderer, stating the bills had been left ith Gardiner to be dis counted, but as yet not one shi:littg had been received for them. This reply was empleyed by Gardiner, in a subsequent letter, that of the sth of September, to ac count for his not going to Southampton as he promised, as well as for his having failed to procure the advances on the bills. Gardiner said also, that his bankers in refusing to discount defendant's bills, had observed that they bad 13,0001. worth of similar bills already in their hands. Although Gardiner made a point of swear ing that the bills had not been out of his hands, it would seem that he and Gadderer had been in close communication upon the subject of this business. On the 17th the defendant came to London, and asked Gardiner for his bills or for the money, when the latter said he he was going into the City to have them cashed, and that if he would meet him at Garraway's, at half past three o'clock, he would hand him over the proce_ds. The defendant kept his appointment; but Gardiner, as might have been expected, did not make his appearance. He next called in Craven-street upon Gadderer, whom he did net see, and by whom he was requested to call by-and-by for the money. He called, but never again saw him. Gardiner he happened to meet, who told him that he had been disappointed in his expectations of dis. counting the bills, but that he would once more try what could be done by applying to a friend of his, a banker in Leeds. This resource also failing, the defendant instructed his attorneys, who inserted an advertisement, cautioning the public against the bills he had given, which he described as having been obtained by fraud from the Rev. Mr. Glossop, and referring all applications relative to them to Messrs. Bush and Mullins, of St. Mildred's-court. Gardiner then wrote to the de fendant, to say, that he, too, should put the matter into the hands of his attorneys. Neither the bills nor the money ever made their appearance. On Sep tember 30th, a letter was received from Messrs. Tucker and Co., solicitors, complaining on behalf of the plaintiff, (whom they called Potosi) of the publication of the cau tion. Messrs. Bush and Mullins wrote back for the address of this lady, which they then heard was at 23, Craven-street. They afterwards discovered that she kept a lodging-house, and that Gadderer was one of her lodgers. Upon the bills arriving at maturity, it turned out that they were not in the hands of the plaintiff at all, but in those of a party whose name appeared as an endorsee, but the name of the plaintiff did not appear upon them. They were endorsed by Gardiner, Gad darer, and Lawrence Levy. One bill had got into the hands of a person named Jones, who was said to be the father of the attorney for the plaintiff in this action. Levy had endorsed one of the bills to Jones, and he held the other. lie had a brother an at torney, named Lewis, and when the bill became due, Levy's was presented by Lewis for payment. Young and Valings were refused permission to see the bill, and declined to pay it; the ether bill was also re fused, and hence the present action. Gardiner at length handed the bills to one T. Holbrook Coyle, a person well known in bill transactions, and from him they passed to Gadderer, who ultimately obtained their discount by Levy. When they were disco un t e d by L ev y not a word was said about the plaintiff, for then he would have taken care that her name was attached to them, as she was represented to have a considerable sum in the funds, and a house full of furniture. Before the bills became due, Gardiner wrote to defendant to remind him of the fact, and begged him to say whether he would be able to meet them, as it might be necessary to arrange for their renewal. The question upon that state of facts would be, whether Gadderer was not the sole party to this transaction, and that the plaintiff was in no way con cerned. After the dishonour of the bills, Levy went to Gadderer and said that he did not choose to be mixed up in the affair by bringing an action upon them, as he was led to suppose that there might in proceedings taken. charging a conspiracy. and therefore he must have the money returned. Gadderer, upon the representation, found the sum, and gave it to Levy. Tee Learned Counsel for the defendant, in adverting to the evidence which would be given by Mr. Deane, a solicitor, with a view to show that, in point of fact, the plaintiff was nol concerned, said that Gadderer would be shown to be th, real principal in the business. The defewlant had not had a single shilling, and could not, therefore, be called upon to pay the amount of the bills. The evidence of Deane certainly did go to that extent, but the defend aanntd's adjourned c a s e haa bet th e e n f ü b r u t r h t e h r e i n t twillhetnhitshdeaCy.ourt rose, COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, June 2G. (Before Mr. Commissioner GOULBURN.) IN RE MATTHEW3I.-IN. This insolvent, who is the owner of a coal mine, called " Oak Colliers," in the Forest of Dean, Glouces tershire, came up for his final order. The debts are about 10.0001., but it was allalged that the property would fetch 28,0001. The trade assignees applied for an adjournment of the final order, as they bad not had time to in►estigate the affairs. Mr. COOKE, who appeared for several creditors, said there could be no objection to that course. His Hosoua said it was a concern which would re quire a good deal of time to look into. Mr. DUNCAN, for Mr. Matthewman, said that he was anxious for delay, for twelve veins had been discovered and two were in a forward state, and, with a little money, which the insolvent's friends would advance, they would, no doubt, prove very productive. lle thought, therefore, that an adjournment for six months would not be too long, as the credirors could not be pre judiced. As his Honour had observed, this was not an ordinary case of insolvency,where the insolvent sought to get rid of his debts, but he sought time to pay in lull. Mr. COOKE and the assignees said they had no objec tion; but Mr. Cooke said that until the final order was granted, the Court had no power to make an allowance. Mr. DE:No.4.N submitted that the official assignee could do so under the sanction of the Court, when funds were in hand, but his Honour was of a contrary opinion. The Learned COUNSEL then applied that the costs should be allowed in this case, as in insolvency, and quoted the case of Day. His Hoxoua—l was wrong in that. I should not like to renew the experiment. The case was then adjourned till November. WESTMINSTER COUNTY COURT, June 25. (Before D. C. MoYLAN, Esq , Judge.) HARVEY C. HANSARD. In this case the pla.intiff, a master printer in Char lotte-street, Blackfriars-road, sought to recover of the defend . ant, Mr. Luke J ames H ansar d, the su m of 151. 95., for printing done f o r the Soci e ty fur the Abolition of Flogging in the Army, of which the defendant was one of the managing committee and treasurer. The defendant, who appeared in person, denied his liability. From the statement of the plaintiff's counsel and the evidence of the plaintiff, it a p peared that in the mouth of August last, i n consequence of the recent flogging case at Hounslow, a society was formed for the purpose of abolishing flogging, and the plaintiff was applied to by two persons, named Plume and May, to print placards and tickets for a public meeting upon the subject, at Exeter Hall, on th e 19th o f August. At this meeting the defendant attended, and was elected treasurer. Pro spectuses were also printed ; Plume, the secretary, showing plaintiff the minute-book, and telling him that Mr. Hansard would see the money paid, as he hr.d undertaken the management. The work was done and the goods supplied between the 12th of August and the 2d of October. The defendant said the greater portion of these goods were supplied before lie joined the society; indeed the sc'ety was not formed until after the meeting on the 19th of August. He was present at that meeting, but ' merely by invitation, and gave 201. in furtherance of the o'oj cts, but he did not' ecome a member of the managing committee until the 26th of thnt month, when he al.o b 4 came treasurer. After that he subscribed towards cirrying on the society. The whole of the, expenses prior to the meeting he thought had been defrayed by the members of the Society of Friends. A prospectus of the society was put in, containing, among the list of members of the managing committee, the name of Mr. Hansard, which prospetuses the plaintiff swore were printed and delivered on the 12th of August. The Learned JUDGE said he was of opinion that Mr. Hansard was liable for debts due by the society before he joined it. After a long discussion, however, the case was ad journed for the production of the plaintiff's books. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. ill AN SION-HOUSE. A fashionably-dressed young woman, named Sarah Wood, was charged with felony. Edwin Garrculd, shopman to Mr. Ford, of No. 282, High Holborn, linendraper, stated that on the 3d of June inst. the prisoner walked into the shop and looked out various goods, consisting of paramattas, gloves, hose, crape, a silk mantle, and other articles, to the amount of 11/. and upwards, and said they were to be sent to Captain Warner's, 47, Hatton-garden, about 3 o'clock, but that she would take the mantle with her it she were allowed. Witness said the goods should be forwarded at the time appointed, but he would send the mantle; to which she replied that two more mantles would be required if it were approved of. Upon that representation witness allowed her to take the mantle, which at that moment she wore at the bar, and the value of which was 11. 19s. 6d.; and he called with the other articles at No. 47, Hatton•garden, but no such person as Captain Warner or the prisoner was known there. Thomas Roberts, shopman to Mr. Kerry, of Bishops gate-street, linendraper, stated, that about a fortnight ago the prisoner looked out a quantity of goods, consisting of flannel, muslin dresses, silk hose, gloves, satinettes, and other articles, to the amount of 61. and upwards, and directed him to forward them to Captain Warner, 47, Finsbury-square. She said she would take the flannel with her, and it was to be included in the bill, which was to be enclosed in the parcel and sent to Cap tain Warner. She said she wanted to leave the flannel at a place before she went home. Witness wished to send it for her, but she preferred taking it with her, and she accordingly departed with the flannel in her posses sion. She did not leave any deposit. Upon calling at 47, Finsbury-square, witness found that the prisoner was a shoplifter, for nobody there knew anything at all about her. She had been an hour and a quarter looking at the goods, and bad taken all the trouble which might be expected from a bona fide purchaser. William Spain, shopman to Mr. Ling, of Northumber land-place, City-road, linendraper, said that on Tuesday week the prisoner visited the shop, directed that various goods should be sent to the house of Captain Waller, of 37, Philpot-street, Commercial-road, for the approval of her mother. Flannel was one of the articles, and at her request witness allowed her to take that article with her. When the witness called at Philpot-street with the rest of the goods, he could neither find the number nor the name. The prisoner was apprehended by an officer, to whom she was pointed out by a shopkeeper whom she had in vain attempted to impose upon, as she was entering the shop of Mr. Hall, of Bishopsgate-street. Of the extent to which the last-mentioned gentleman has been robbed by shoplifters and his own servants some judgment may he formed from the fact that he has already had 54 pro secutions at the Old Bailey. The prisoner, upon being asked whether she was deli• roes to say anything, replied in the negative, and she was committed for trial. Jane Howes, who has been long a bold smuggler, was convicted of having in her possession 101 b. 1 loz. of tobacco, upon which duty had not been paid. She in troduced in her defence a history of au imprisoned hus band and hungry children, and was fined 1001., the ma gistrate not having power to reduce the penalty. GUILDHALL. In consequence of the exciting presentments recently made by Dr. Lynch, and the inquest of the ward of Farringdon Without, to the Lord Mayor, and also to the Common Council, respecting the dangerously foul state of the cesspools, and the accumulations of filth in the cellars of many houses in that ward, the Commis sioners of Sewers have bestirred themselves, and com menced proceedings against some of the landlords. The houses are found to be generally those which are wholly let out in separate rooms to different families, the land lord living elsewhere, determined to get the greatest possible rent with the least possible expenditure, and utterly regardless of the sickness and distress suffered by the residents in the house in consequence of the exhalations from the overflowing or uncovered filth. Mr. Tyrrell, the Remembrancer, appeared on behalf of the Commissioners of Sewers, and Mr. Attwood Smith for the inquest. Mr. Tyrrell stated that the Commissioners had insti tuted these proceedings under the Cholera Act, 9 Vic., cap. 96, which empowered them, upon receiving the certificate of two medical gentlemen that there was in any house or other place an accumulation of noxious matter of any kind, or any foul privy or cesspool, to make complaint to the magistrate, and cause the owner of the house to be summoned, and an order made that he should abate the nuisance within forty-eight hours. In default of his obeying this direction, the order re quired the Commissioners to enter the premises and abate the nuisance at the charge of the landlord. A Mr. Gower had been summoned in respect to some foul privies in his houses in Harp-alley, and in Churchyard court, Harp-alley. He had promised to remove the evil as speedily as practicable, and as the parochial authori ties, represented by Mr. Smith, were content, he had assented to the summons being adjourned for a fortnight. Mr. Alderman MUSGROVE assented. Mr. Kirkwood, a pawnbrocker, in Brick-lane, Old street, then appeared on his summons for permitting an accumulation of noxious matters to remain in the cellar of his house, No. 10, Crown court, Fleet -street, and also for suff_xing the cesspool to overflow and become foul. Mr. Kirkwood said he had very recently purchased the freehold. He had not seen the state of the place, and would readily remove all ground of complaint if time were given. Mr. Tyrrell said as Mr. Kirkwood met the complaint in this way he had no objection to allow him the same time as Mr. Gower. Mr. Alderman blusortove said he would take that opportunity of saying a few words, as the rate-payers had been charged with shamefully disregarding the sanatory condition of z the'poor. As the chairman of the Commission of Sewers for the Tower Hamlets, and a commissioner of the Holborn and Finsbury divi sion, he had a practical knowledge of the sub • ject, and he would affirm that if the Legisla ture would intrust the Commissioners of Sewers with the authority to compel the owners of houses to make underground drains to the great sewers constructed by the Commissioners, the grievance might be entirely removed without the interference of Govern ment or any of the Government Commissioners. He could vouch that, particularly within the la.it three years, the most anxious attention and vast sums of money had been devoted to making proper sewers in the thoroughfares, but they could not persuade or compel the owners of houses to open a communication with those sewers at their own expense, and particularly the owners of houses in courts. The public local burdens were quite heavy enough without adding charges that clearly belonged to private individuals. In Whitechapel there were a vast number of instances of residents along the great outlets refusing to incur the expense of making a communication to the sewer, but they expected their property be be ward it s n , prc o iv f e v d a a u t x th h e x al e hw pn a e lk s , e w of as th t e p. Mr. called fie had been summoned for suffering foul cesspools to exist in his three houses, Nos. 2G, 27, and 28, Poppin's court, Fleet-street. These are let out to separate I odgers. Mr. Tyrell said there was now a sewer down the centre of the court, but some of the landlords would not incur the expense of opening a communication with it. He produced the certificate of Dr. Lynch and Mr. Day, that there were foul cesspools in these houses which were dangerous to the public health. Mr. Edwards did not appear. Roe, the City officer, proved the service of three sum monses on Mr. Edwards, who said he should dot attend, and that he should commence actions of trespass against those who had taken the liberty of entering his house. Mr. Hutchinson, of Farringdon-street, a surgeon, said this gentleman had threatened to turn out any lodger who dared to make the least complaint about the stench from the cesspools to the parochial authorities. Mr. Alderman Musonove: said that was in keeping with what he said to the officer. He was saeisfied with the evidence, and made an order for the cleansing of the cesspools within twenty-four hours. BOW-STREET. On Saturday, shortly after the charges had been dis • posed of, the Grand Duke Saxe Weimar, ac com p an i e d by several of his suite, paid a visit to the court, for the purpose of seeing and hearing something of the English mode of dispensing summary justice. As no business was going on when his Highness arrived, Mr. Henry accompanied him to the station -house opposite, where he remained some time, and on returning to the court waited while several cases of a trifling nature were dis posed of. He took his leave about half-past one, having apparently derived much amusement from his visit. CLERKENW ELL. James Hone, an urchin between 13 and 14 years of ag e, was charged with attempting to pick pockets. Constable 81 G deposed that on Thursday afternoon he received information that some boys were attempting to pick pockets in Golden-lane, St. Luke's. He repaired thither, and saw the prisoner in company with two other boys following passengers, the prisoner attempting to pick their pockets, whilst his companions covered him. They at length made an attempt on a lady. The pri soner lifted up her gown and attempted to rob her. She felt the tug, and turning round said, " You little thief. do you want to rob me ?" The prisoner took a hammer from his pocket, and exclaiming, " Who do you call a thief ?" and he made a blow at her with the hammer, and she ran away Witness seised the prisoner, but his companion escaped. The prisoner was a well-known thief, and had been convicted of felony. The other officers identified him as a notorious young thief, and he was committed to the House of Correction with hard labour for two months. He was locked up laughing, and his mother, who was present during the examination, lel, the court abusing the officers. WESTMINSTER. Samuel Ludford, described as a running dustman, was charged with the following disgraceful and brut& conduct : Mary Luclford, his wife, a decent-looking woman with an infant in her arms, stated that the defendant to whom she had been married above a dozen years, had lately deserted her and formed an improper intimacy with her sister. A few days ago duff nlant c tme home and ' packed up his clothes, when, as she was without the means of procuring food or covering for herself or child, the latter of which she had only been delivered of two days previously, and as she had heard that he was going to a fair with her sister, she remonstrated with him, and said she would follow them ; upon which defendant seized a basin and struck her a violent blow on the face with it, which blackened both her eyes. He then threw her down, and whilst she was on the ground kicked her several times on the body and head. Defendant, in reply to the charge, said she abused him, and struck him first. Mr. BRODERIP said that his conduct altogether was most disgraceful, and for the savage assault he had com mitted he must pay a penalty of 41., or be committed for six weeks. Defendant was locked up. WANDSWORTH. On Saturday Frederick Clark and John Langford, two notorious river pirates, the former only just released from a twelvemonth's imprisonment, wore brought up charged under the following extraordinary circum stances : During the last month several robberies, of a very daring and extensive character, have been committed at the wharfs and warehouses lying on the Surrey side of the river, above Battersea-bridge, and also upon craft at anchor or moored in the same neighbourhood. The property stolen was invariably such as would find a ready sale amongst the marine store dealers, consisting principally of metals of all kinds, new ropes, &c. That the robberies on the wharfs were perpetrated by parties in boats there could be no doubt, as in all cases it was proved that the access had not been obtained inland, and they were executed with great facility, because the land police had no opportunity of detection. The nearest Thames police station is at Arundel-stairs, and any person at all acquainted with the river, will know the tediousness of a row up from thence against tide, and the consequent loss of time entailed. The very great neces sity that exists for a Thames police station higher up the river was fully proved in this case. On the 3d of June Messrs. Spitler and Wenham, engineers, at Batter sea, had their premises entered from the water, at or about high tide, and the thieves having broken open the counting-house, took therefrom 5 cwt. of gun metal and copper, all of which had been manufactured at a great cost. The succeeding night the same party (as it was supposed) revisited the premises and carried off what must have been a boat load of flanges, stop cocks, and other articles in copper and gun metal. In a week or nine days afterwards these premises were again plun dered. This time the boiler house, which is flush with the river wall, was broken into, and five copper steam pipes of four-inch bore, and between five and six feet in length, as also other valuable property, were stolen. The marauders during this period of time did not confine themselves to Messrs. Spiller and Wenham's premises, but carried off a large quantity of pro perty from the Rodney Iron Works, and a leaden pump from York Rouse Private Lunatic asylum, besides committing petty robberies upon craft. Messrs. Spiller and Wenharn, finding that they were being robbed to such an alarming extent, de termined upon having their premises watched, and accordingly Sergeant Reid, 18 V, was selected for this duty, assisted by Police-constable Stedman, 317 V. These officers had watched for several nights without any further attempt being made, when on the previous night, about half-past ten, the tide being then up, Ser geant Reid and his brother constable were in the act of concealing themselves in the boiler house, as the sound of a boat coming alongside the wharf became distinct, and they presently distinguished one with three men in her. The officers lay quiet for some time, and two of the men then landed, went up the yard, and came down loaded with something which they then threw down close to the embankment wall. They went back and returned at least half a dozen times. At last, when they appeared to have got as much as their boat would carry, one of the men jumped over the fence, and, re ceiving the articles, handed them to a third man in the boat. The officers let them proceed until they per ceived they were about to go away, when they rushed out with their truncheons. Sergeant Reid struck at the prisoner Clark, who was in the garden, but missed him. He then struck the other prisoner Langford,who was standing on the mall, and he rolled into the boat, and out into the river. Reid then jumped into the boat to secure Langford, and the other man, who was previously in the boat, deliberately dived and swam away towards ,•ome old steam-boats. The constable Stedman seized Clark and struck him twice with his truncheon, but Clark broke away from him, leaving most of his clothes in Stedman's hands. The prisoner Clark then jumped into the boat and into the water, and also attempted his escape, but Stedman pursued him, and when he was endeavouring to effect a landing, struck him on the head and took him. When Clark jumped into the boat it caused her to careen, and Sergeant Reid, who was hanging over the gunwale looking for the prisoner Langford, who had not yet risen, was precipitated into the water. lie succeeded in catching hold of the steam boat alongside, and called loudly for assistance. Mr. Spiller heard the cry, and by dint of great personal exertion succeeded in rescuing Reid. The prisoner Langford, who remained near the spot, alternately swimming and hiding in the mud, was taken about half-past two o'clock the follow ing morning by Police-constable Parrott, 71 V, who heard him hailing a fisherman. The constable warned the fisherman not to take the prisoner on board. The prisoner, however, got into the boat. The policeman cautioned the fisherman that if he did not put him ashore what the consequences would be, and he did so. The prisoner then swum out into deep water, but being exhausted from his wounds and long exposure, swam back to shore, and suffered himself to be taken. The man who has at present escaped stole a boat from Mr. Cownden, a boat-builder, at Battersea, and rowed him !self down the river to a convenient landing place, and men set the boat adrift, which was picked up by the Thames police. There was found in the boat belonging to the prisoners Bcwt. 1 qr. 181 b. of iron furnace bars, which were identified by Mr. Spiller as his property. The prisoners, who said nothing, were remanded for a week. The case excited an extraordinary interest, and the court was crowded. CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. SENTENCES AND SESSIONAL RESULTS. The following are the adjudications and sentences passed on the prisoners tried during the session, which commenced on the 14th instant, and terminated on Tues day last, the 22d instant. The whole have been revised and corrected from the official returns:— Sentenced to be Transported for Life—Gilbert Mac donald and Henry Jones Harrison. For Ten Years—John :)ulffur, John Sullivan, John Collins, and William Geeves. For Seven Years—lsaac Levy, John Free, George Mitchell, George Smith, John Nason, George Henry Herman, Mary Ragan, John Andrews, James Feltham, Alfred Hayswood, Gays Lacy, John Williams alias Pop lar, Henry Carroll, Robert Hagan, William Bastin, Joseph Taylor alias Arthur Payne, Jacob Peretz, Mary Gordon, William Willcocks, Eliza Davis, Thomas John son, William Swain, John Ambrose, and William Sum mers.—Total, 24. To be imprisoned, with or without the adjunct of hard labour, fi r Two Years—john Elms and William Price. Eighteen Calendar Months—Benjamin Bettison, Chas. Simpson, James Caughee, Robert Tubbs, and Mary Anne Marshall. Fifteen Months—Job n Gorman. Twelve Months—William Knight, Robert Nettleton, John Davis, William Jones, William Costellow, George Howden, George Jones, Charles Hicks, James Price, John Brown alias Lisk, Ann Roberts, Hannah Mally, Robert Bruce, William Cook (and to enter into recognizance,' and find sureties to keep the peace for five years), Dennis Gorman, John Gilbert, Sarah Smith, John Haywood, Thomas Neal alias Rich, Margaret Bower, Thomas Stratford, John Whitbrook, William McWilliam, Sarah Cooper, Johu L'ahy, John Carr, Harriet Griffin, Fre derica AsO alias Baroness Karlstein, William Francis, Charles Pembury, Thomas Tims, James Harley, Wil liam Turner, George Stevens, Frederick nugget, and James Harley.--Total, 36. For Nine Months—Alfred Waters, Alfred Lloyd, James Jones, William Brown, James Jone, James Ewarr, Matilda Lydia Barber alias Lydia Gray, Peter Coghlen, Robert Dalton, Robert Thompson, and James Atkins.—Total, 11. For Six Months—Henry Brown, George Gibson, John Shaylor, James Pyefinch, Edward Hemmington, Henry Williams, James West, James Williams, Robert White, Joseph John Battaill, John Jones, Catherine Sheehan, Mary Herbert. Geor ge D an i e l s , Henry Ivory, John Deal, Catherine Moody, John Leonard, Charles Clayton, John Robert Brien, George Love, Mary Ann Hoy, John Connell, Evan Davis, William Edwards, George Burnett, William Carpenter, William Griffin, Robert Hayes, William Waterson, and William George Lipscorebe.— Total 31. For Four Months—John Wilson, Thomas Best, Elia. Macey, Thomas Dale, Henry George Collins, Mary Learning, William Atkins, Eliza Ridley, William Ruddy, Mary Hogan, Ann Dwane, William Moore, Caroline Morris, George Hoffin, Sutherland Marshall, Westley Appleton, John Charlish, Henry Mays, Thomas Francis, James Lee Jones, and William Dyballs.—Total 21. For Three Months—Catherine Gorman, Elizabeth Bean, William Powell. John Courtenay, Eliza Alderman, Richard Hogan alias Michael Kelly, Joseph Mills, J o h n Spence, Arthur Leary, Thomas Wyatt, Sarah Ryder, Alfred Baynes, Thomas Paynter, John Croft Towns hand, George Holmes, James Coo p er, C h arles Crtick ington, George Collins, Phillip C rawfurd, William Clark, Shacker,Aedrew S c ott, hienr Richardeniy, Thomas Paddingto n , an d Cathe rine Linwood, James Bl a k e , H enry y Donovan.—Total 28. For Two Months—Thomas Pickett, John Pain, Ed ward Taylor, Richard Taylor, Mary Taylor, Robert James M agnus (i n N ewgate and 251. fine); Clark, Daniel smith , S am p son Is rael (in Newgate a n d 251. fine); El zabeth Magnus (in Newgate and 101. fine) ; and Thomas Bates.— Total 11. For Periods varying from One Day to One Month— John Henry Edmunds, David Heaton, James Fawns alias Harris, James Adams, Bridget Carleton, Cornelius Par, George Newton (and to be whipped twice) ; Andrew Bode, George Burnage, George Deacon (and to be twice whipped); John Sullivan, William Neighbour, William Graves (and to be twice whipped) ; William Hunt, Henry Sida, Margaret Hanegan, and Johanna Hanegan. —Total 17. Prisoners Acquitted by the Petit Jury—Robert Har rison, avi s Langford,, ue l E oli Fitzgibbons seco:, William D John Williams, Mary Smith, Jane Rose , Mary Mac intosh, John M`Night, Henry Brady, Daniel Brent, Thomas Marlin, William Perrin, Ann M'Carthy, Edwin Mahon, Antonio Litt bar, William K naston Frederick Miller, Jame s Pagan, GeorgeY Shaw, Sarah Hudson, Robert Clark, Edward Thomas, Thomas Montague, Mary Murphy, Anne Cleveland, John Hill alias Dolly, William Witham, Eli Trivett, William Edwards, Selina Allen, John Jenkins, Rosina Munroe, Thomas _coley Robert Pile (detained), Elizabeth Howard (detained) , William George Ford, William George Prowse, Fre derick Johnson, Ishmael Israel, John Dingwall, John Jennor, Daniel Conley, James Cackling, Mary Holliday, James Cook, Mary Ann Smith, Henry Smyrke, James Collins alias Hayman, and Ellen Taylor.—Total 54. Persons against whom the Bills were Ignored by the Grand Jury—Eliza Evans, Henry Payne, Catharine Chandler,John Rowen, Patrick Driscoll, William P earce, James Smith, Thomas Bernard, Thomas Brown, Mary Smith, John Albert, William Johnson, Thomas nugget. idge, Elizabeth Fitzgerald, James Cousens, Madden, John Canterbury, Catherine Kirk, John Boyd, Hannah Davis, Matilda Butcher, Ann Draycott, Sarah Martin, Eliza Gray, Mary Wilson, Mary Ann Daniels. James Daniels, and Mary Ann Alderson.-- Total 21 Samuel F ar m Prisoners remanded by the Court—William ell, yen , Mary Ann Hunt, William Watson, Christopher W. and Ellender Wren. Prisoners upon whom Judgment is Respited lark Nelson West, Thomas Truman, Morris Freyer , 3 Cundall, Thomas Sykes, Henry Stevens, Henry Farr, and Charles Farr. • ty's Sentenced to be Imprisoned during her Majesty's Pleasure on the Ground of Insanity.— --Horatio James Loftus Brock. MARKET NEWS.-(SATURDA COVENT-GANDEN. There was a very large business transacted here, lowing terms :—Gooseberries, is 3d to 2s 6d; Cherries, 23 to 3s 9d; and Currants, 3s to 5s per half sieve ; Greens. 15 Du to 2s 6d per dozen bunches 1 to 23 3d ; s' and Summer Cabbages, 8d to is 6d per dozen Melons, 2s to 5s each ; Forced French Beans, Is 3d to Is : gi per 100; Green Peas, is to 2s 6d per half-sieve; Nt gt it • on the fol (old), 8s to 13s per cwt ; ditto, (new), 1 1 ,0 to 3d per , Turnips, is 6d to 3s 6d; and Carrots 5s to 7s Peresdo,s.ell bunches; Horseradish, is 6d to 3s; Celery, is to 3 , 1 , 11 and Asparagus, is 9d to 4s per bundle; Strawberries! 4^' Onion! to 8d per pottle ; Cucumbers, id to is each ; 3d to 6d per bunch ; Radishes, 3d to 6d per doses.. hands; Mushrooms, is to is 6d per pottle ,• Rhubarb,.r to is per bundle ; Hot-house Grapes, 2s 6d to 4s per 1 0 i Cos Lettuces, 6d to is per score. EIINGERWORD. 1 end Full average supplies of most articles were on those •A which met a steady sale, at prices about equa l to t hose Plit• in the various other metropolitan markets. NEISTGATE AND LEADDNIZAZ, X. „%rices , Prime Beef and Mutton sold readily at very la" B e ef, p r ices. Otherwise, the demand was in a sluggish st ate• g li from 3s 8d to 4s 8d ; Mutton, Ss 1 0 d to 5s 2 d ; Lamsb;ier to 6s 2d ; Veal, 3s 10d to 4s 10d ; and Pork, 3s 10d to 81bs, by the carcase. Although the supplies of PoultrY 111 1. 8 were small, the trade was heavy, at but littl e .n value. alteratioa NEWPORT. r enb► Beef, from 3s Sd to 4s 8d ; Mutton, 4s to 51 2d; 5s to 6a 2d; Veal, 4s to ss; and Pork, 4s to is pe r WEIECEAPEI.. Beef from 3s 6d to 4 s M 4 to 5,2 d 6d ; utt n, o d to Lamb, 5s to 6s 2d ; Veal, 4a to 4s 10d ; and P ork 331 4s 10d per Sibs. BILLINGSATE. Large supplies of Fish were bro G ught forwar d ► y et the dr mand was active, at full prices. BREAD. i• are The prices of Wheaten Bread in the metropTis, 4 1b0 lid to 11%cl ; of household ditto, 9 d to 104 d P`' loaf. HIDE MAIMET. ~ A n 410 0 Market Hides, 561 b to 641 b, 2 1 4 d to 2%ci per lb ; --- a n 6 01 b t° 721 b, 2id to 3 1 / t d ; do. 721 b to 801 b, 3%d to 334 d ;, -- . 8 ,6,b to 881 b, 4d to to ; do. 8811. to 961 b, 414 d u ° ' " 01 1041 b, 5%d to 6d ; Calf Skins, each, '4s 6d to 6s sd; od to Hides, 13s; Shearlings, Ild to is 3d; Lambs, is / 2s 6d. HAT MS. r.SMITHFIELD.—Meadow Hav, ARTLET 2/5s to 3/ 14s ; Clover tt° 31 5s to 4115 s ; and Straw, 11 lOs to 1/ Ids p er load. 1r dull, at but little alteration in prices. CUMBERLAND.—Meadow Hay, 21 8s to 3 1 155 ; Ci rad• er ditto, 315 s to 4/ 14s ; and Straw 1/ 121 to I/ 165 Pe r Supply moderately good, and trad rather dull. Clair WHITECHAPEL.—Meadow Hav e 21 51 to 31 155; 10 1. ditto, 31 5s to 41 18s; and Straiv, 1/ lOs to 1 / 14s Per A full average supply, and a sluggish demand. --------- ,_ ~ e ,, rite. THE GREAT BRITAIN.—We watch wit h - ....... r" interest the operations now going on for the ems -e eibhe tion of the Great Britain, in regard to wh ich thou ehist anxiety is still so strongly manifested. Since vel notice we learn that eight of the huge boxes hale.hihs got in place, with their pairs of :pars to each" t h ese twelve others are nearly finished. On the strati° 'use; contrivances appear larger than a modera te sized hetbse, while in pLce, above the gunwale of the great le vi n e d nut they look small, if not insignificant. Haling f°ll- j our notices respecting the ship copied into most o f the go, pals, not merely of Ireland, but also of the me exulted as d the nowing the additional interest that must be' the time approaches for removing, or Ille ki ,„ l3g n th effort to remove her, we have made ar g r ' arigere ell "" egi our correspondent for a weekly commuoicatioe, ov er believe the information we may yet have it in our 1 1 ° 0 ; h ; to give will be as correct as that we have alreadY h i re se b.- before the notice of our readers. While upon t h ,. 6 ri• ject we may say that the consequences of the °' ,_ c ,, l e lots, ments and their success, whether as respects he ' 4 . -- Z e at put together with so much di ffi culty, and in the ;: e re gales and seas of no ordinary character, on the p r the commended by that eminent engineer, Mr. Brunel, o a 0 een trees substituted by Captain Claxton, w he re : 0 shown Marc h last, it was impossible to continua fa not at once meet the eye. If it was found 1 11 ?",1 1 11 , c o f patible with heavy seas and gales, in the wow- ..,,g severe winter, to build so formidable a barrier ef41114 the surf of the ocean to the largest ship in th e vr :ller how comparatively easy would it be to pro tec t heir _, vessels similarly stranded, which are left with theist:Po luable cargoes entire, after the first falling tide, in I I ra , worth protecting, until the time should arrive for ggonagyour 16 a)* dent removal.. Scarcely any situation on any coast of England, Ireland, or Scotland, or probably_2, part of the c ontinent, exists, that woods are Dot wi,:te'_'; reach, if not close at hand, and those of Tollymorera _.%, fully seven tallies from the Great Britain. Thu!, y el, valuable cargoes may be saved by the important disco able resulting resulting from the ingenuity of Mr. Brunel and his 4, assistant, Captain Claxton. To the latter, we be part o f so_ lieve, belongs the merit of the network of spar s .O,P, green timber which, on visiting the ship, we w ere ilt. in formed by the chief officer, saved her, throug la binding and yielding nature, whe n likelihood, work of seasoned timberwood would, in all . c _„. have been broken to shivers, as was actually the cam _a': t frame' with the fi rst breakwater which was attached i t 0,.: November gale. It is impossible, we therefore sat, w.. the stronges undervalue the merit of the discovery, for it is on a. , 1 1 0 to say what advantages to the shipping and deri ve dmerca nti le interests, and the underwriters, may not yet be , from its suozess. The plan is simple, and we hope Peu,,, will be takeni by the proper authorities to have it gee' rally made known. —.Newry Commercial Telegraph. INSTITUTII.ON FOR THE ADULT DEAF AND" TYCO!! 26, RED LION-SQUARE, BLoOMSDURF.—His Roy Big:, ness the Duke of Cambridge, who has become the ib is sident of the above institution , having expressed _. conviction of the necessity of a more commodious building than the present establishment in Red nation square ; and, moreover, having subscribed a donation of 301. towaro Is that purpose, Mr. James G. Situps s the secretary , together with the committee of ma nage' ment, have Is eon makin ac tive exertions in furt herance of the benewolent objec t Several very handsome do' nations have. - rewarded their efforts, among which m5l be mentioned the Earl of Derby for 201 . , &c. At th e anniversary meeting held in the Freemasons' Tavel'. and presided over by the Duke of Cambridge, the Rigby Hon. Lord l. obert Grosvenor ALP in of • , ~ the course _, very eloque a t speech, stated that the objects .°: the charit y were often misconstrued. The 1 ,1, stitution w:tr3 the only one in the metropolis for the recepition of the adult deaf and dumb, wh ere ; upon being a i [rutted into the institution, the pupils fa r o not only instructed in Scriptural knowledge, in addi lie de to being wholly maintained, but were taught 9 , us most suitable to their respective dispositions or inel hie t ; tions, so tha t they might subsequently be enab'e b a d support them sOves. Several of the present inmates: been educated' in the Kent-road Asylum, but being. _ it c h " . charged upon tattaining a certain age, would have he; without friewl, s or home but for such an institution e.: the one he w: u ; advocating. By its di ff usion of Scrieilhuo ral knowledg: , e, and the practical good effected , e j institution has + rendered itself of the utmost value; to as its benefits e xtend, as the funds increase, there esiered, A be a doubt k iut its importance will be 1 1 1 3 rtidi Amongst the ; übscribers to the building•fund, 10 tion to the Du ;:ite of Cambridge and the Earl of Ge or g e is the Earl P itswilliam, IL S. Holford, Es+9 Harvey, Esq., ..&e. BRISTOL S UGAR MARKET, JUNE 25.-tigilrc; suitable for ri 4 ining purposes, continue to find 0 r e- 0 , sale; but the grocery sorts are rather dull, and edune f o r tee tively cheap. Very little doing in fitted goods .°' time of the ye ar. B ' rtstol Moran* __.---.:-------''''' - _.------ ;:'"-"'" B. k field On Friday, t h e 25th inst., at IRTHS i l v , Ackworth -park, '' - e Mrs. Gully, wif bof John Gully, Esq., of a son. , of th# On the 22d it t. i it. in Upper Berkely -street, the WI Rev. Joseph Th s ckeray, of a daughter, still-born. wic,o o fenn n ott t fhh h lee e v22 2 .3 2 3cd d dhi i air r 1: ;t., Mrs. F. Valentine Le e, of a son.. .._ Or t; re siet.s, st., Wood,a a t t F c i o d n d Ed i n soq g v. t ,e o rit ni.DH Vicarage, .r o s f e ti , l s i oe n a . lady D es° df 0 . ; 0 the a e Rev On the 23da i . st., d en, at Nelson-of a daugter. thr herrace, Stoke Newington'l b A wife hoursfeofthle 23dr. J. L c 'we, of a daughter, who su rvived its bil only. shut ., °f i a tst., at Greenwich, Mrs Gay On A few daughter. w i f e of'r , On the 23d i a st., at Streatham-common, the Davies, Esq. daughter. ~ of On the 24;11 i a st., the wife of Sills John Gibbons, P6(1" St. Andrew's-hi 0 ,Doctors'-commen., of a daughter. of P .. v. is On the 24th inst., at Norfolk-crescen t, the Wife Robertson, Esq.,. of a son. On the 24th inst., at Westbourne-crescent, 115d.-PArifi the wife of Perc y Ricardo, Esq., of a daughter. MARRIED. ill On the 22d i or it., at St. Andrew's Church, Guernseitor the Rev. W. G u 5 dle, John Moore Napier, only son of A1 . , i9 0 .0t General Williar. tz Ica23ieiC.!3., to Bessie Henrietta, Y°l"' daughter of MO n. Charles Alexander, R.E. DIED. ifoll• On the 25th is u it., , at Richmond, Surrey, Admiral the . t i l e Sir Robert Stout 'a rd G.C.8., G.C.M.G., Vice-Miniral of United Kingdom . and Governor of Greenwich Hopita. .4 On the 20th i a st., at Neuilly, near Paris, the Ceu"egs Amalia Bevilueq u a Luzise, aged 31. 15th ma O r n den t , h a e ged7. 3 : inst., Stephen Walter, Esq., r ars°l33° .1- get' On the 17th it Ist., at Tavistock , Devonshire, lue r . wi t ne fe of the late J a aDunl Es WA On the 17th in l .:. at Belm op u , Bet,' coun ty of Mayo, Ire Deputy-Assistant Commissary-General Alfred Bishop. 1 10 Loin'on : Printed tn. tP by 11011D0 TOlnga , or ;rtapct St , and, Printer, /at The Sun ublished Office. N .112, Stran. in c ope t h of th e BaYoy, a u c oun ty o f 16,ileoes, mods: , 180. bi co 1 ,, A thq as CI ttl tbi liic ~'~~