The Sun. — London, England, 1857-11-12 00:00:00

YCE.- ITER MAJESTY' i:- . 7I`,IIEATRE. JULMEN'S CONCEITS. NDLLE. JETTY TREFFZ. TFTIS EVENING (THURSDAY, Nov. 12), will be pre iiuced (for the first time) a New Grand Descriptive Composi tion, by M. Jullien, entitled THE INDIAN QUADRILLE, and GENERAL II A.VELOCK'S TRIUMPHAL MARCII, performed by M. Jullien's Orchestra, assistel by the drums and fifes of the Grenadier Guards, the Coldstream Guards, and the Scots Fusilier Guaids ; and a Grand Chorus, " Rule Britannia," and " God Save the Queen." rims of Admission—Promenade, is ; Upper Boxes, Is. ; Gallery, is. ; Dress Circle, 2s. 6d.; Privato Boxes, llis. Gd. and upwards. Prospectuses, with full particulars, may be had at the Box. Office of the Theatre ; of all the principal libraries ; and at Jullien and Co.'s, 214, Regent-street. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.—The GRAND BAL MASQUE, which will slose M. Jullien's Nineteenth Season of Concerts (1857), will take place on MONDAY, Nov. 30. Applications to be made at the Box-office of the Theatre. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee—Mr. J. B. Buckstone. MIS EVENING, to commence at Seven o'clock, with a new Comedy, entitled AN UNEQUAL MATCH. Princi pal characters by Messrs. Buckstone, Compton, Chippendale, W. Farren, Miss Amy Sedgwick, Mrs. Buckingham White, an Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam. After which, LEND ME FIVE SHILLINGS. To be followed by THE STAR OF ANDALUSIA. Orchestra Stalls (which may be retained the whole of the evening), 6s. each. (No charge for booking.) First Price. s. d. Second price. s. d Dross Boxes 5 0 Dress Boxes 3 0 Upper Boxes ... 3 0 Upper Boxes 2 0 Pit ... ... L iwer Gallery 1 0 Lower Gallery 0 6 Upper Gallery 0 6Ne half-price to Upper Gallery. R OYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. Charles Kean. LAST WEEK BUT TWO OF THE TEMPEST. THIS EVENING, will be performed Sia.kspere's Play of THE TEMPEST. Preceded by LIVING TOO FAST. T HEATRE ROYAL, A DELPHI, Lessee—Mr. Ben. Webster. THIS EVENING, will be performed the popular drmta of THE GREEN BUSHES, in which Mr. Wright, Mr. Paul Bedford, and Madame Celeste will perform. After which, an original Apropos Sketch, entitled THE DRAPERY QUESTION ; or, Who's for India I Messrs. Wright, P. Bedford, C. Selby; Miss M. Wilton and Miss Mary Keeley. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. —Lessee, Mr. Dillon.—Under the joint management of Miss LOUISA PYNE and Mr. W. HARRISON. THIS EVENING, will be pe. formed Balfe's new opera, THE ROSE OF CA STILLE. Characters by Miss Louisa Pyne, Miss Susan Pyne, Miss Marian Prescott, Mr. Weiss, Mr. A. St. Albyn, Mr. G. Honey, Mfr. Wallworth, and Mr. W. Harrison. Conductor, My. Alfred Mellon. To conclude' with (7th time) a new Farce, entitled A PAIR OF PIGEONS. Mr. G. Honey and Miss Cuthbert. Private Boxes, £2 12s. 6d., £2 25., and £1 lls. 6d. ; Sltalls, 6s. ; Dress Circle, ss. ; Upper Boxes, 4s. - Pit, 25.; Gallery, ls.—The Box Office is now open daily, from 11. to 5, under the direction of Mr. Chatterten, inn. STRA.ND THEATRE. —THIS EVENING, will be performed THE GENTLEMAN OPPOSITE. After which, THE CRICKET ON THE HEARTH. John Peeiybingle, Mr. Emery; Dot, Miss M. A. Victor; Bertha, Miss Herbert. To conclude with TAKE THAT GIRL AWAY. Mr. Tilbury, Mr. Leicester Buckingham, and Miss Herbert Commence at Seven. Stalls, 3s. ; Boxes, 25.; Pit, Is.; Gallery 6d. ; Private Boxes, it. ls. /LOYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessees, Messrs. Robson and Emden. THIS EVENING, will be performed the comedietta, en titled ♦ SUBTERFUGE. Mrs. Stirling, Mr. G. Vining, and Mr. G. Murray. Followed by the new comedy, called LEADING STRINGS, Messrs. Addison, G. Vining, H. Wigan ; Miss Marston. and Mrs. Emden (late Miss Somers). After which, HEADS OR I'AILS. Messrs. Addison, G. Vining, H. Cooper; Mrs. Stirling, Misses Wyndham and Swanborough. Commence at half-past Seven. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE, Lessees, Messrs. Shepherd and Creswiek. THIS EVENING, will be performed a new and powerful drama, entitled INDIA. IN 57. Messrs. Shepherd, Cres. wick, W. Smith, Vollaire, B. Potter, Widdicomb, Belmore, Tapping ; Miss M. Ebnrne, Miss Webster, Miss Chalmers, Miss Johnstone. After which, a new Petite Comedy, UP IN THE WORLD. Followed by OUR TRAVIATA. The Blighted One, Mr, Widdicomb. CA.NTERRURY HALL, Westminster-road.— OPEN EVERY EVENING. The follow ug company of Vocalists are engaged for the performance of Selections from all the popular OPERAS, MADRIGALS, CHORUSES, GLEES, DUETS, &c., viz.:—Miss Russell, Mrs. Badzey, Madlle, Marietta, Mrs. Palmyre, bliss Bru nell, and Madame Marietta ; Herr F. Jonghmans, Mr. Henahaw, R. Grover, T. Fareant, S. Jones, J. Barker, W. Melling, Senor Antonio, E. L. Rime, and Mr. St. Albyn; Messrs. S. Collins, W. T. Critelifield, and E. Mack ney. Pianoforte, Mr. Cecil Hicks; harmoulare, Master Williams ; Director, Herr F. Jonghmans. Commence at Seven o'clock precisely. Suppers, (Lc., until twelve o'clock. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. MIS DAY—Morn., 7 min. aft.ll—Even., 35 min. aft. 11 To-lionnow—Morn., 0 min. aft. o —Even., 57 ruin. aft.ll THE WEATHER—Surf Ormoz, NOVEMBER 12. THERMOMETER, IN THE SEADE. 55—highest since noon yesterday. 46—lowest this morning and during the night. 48 —this day at noon. Biatexprzß. 30.75—the highest this season. WIND, N.E. ; light, with dull cold weather. 1,4 4.'`frf) _ r __J.k.tl':;"%t? cr'-)11;14/. LONDON, THIIRSDA.Y, NOT. 12, 1857. The crisis increases in intensity. Yesterday there was greater excitement in the city than on any previous day. The panic was manifestly spreading. Dismay and distrust were perceptible on every side, and the feeling was by no mears alleviated when the intelligence of the suspension of the City of Glasgow Bank, and, subsequently, of Messrs. SANDERSON, SANDEMAN, and Co., the eminent bill-brokers of King William-street, city, 'were communicated, and it was known that a large amount of gold had been despatched to Scotland —1,100,0001. sterling in two days—in order to meet the run upon the various local banks. The stoppage of the City of Glasgow Bank, following so closely on that of the Great Western of Scotland, has occasioned deep distress t 3 many industrious and intelligent persons at the manufacturing metropolis of North Britain. Its paid-up capital amounted to no less than one million sterling, and the reserved fund to 90,5951., and it had 96 branches spread throughout the country. Its authorised note issue amounted to 72,9211., while that of the Western Bank was 225,2921. Here, then, we find a reduction in the circulating medium of the sister kingdom of 298,2131., or nearly the tenth part of the entire authorised circulation of the country. A matter of fearful importance at any time, but more especially so at the present moment, when large amounts are hoarded, and theroby deprived of their functions as currency. We believe, too, that other large amounts have been forwarded to the Irish Banks to sustain them during the pressure ; and it is probable that the demand for gold will be continued during the Week, and until the Government consents to relax 'the stringent provisions of the Act of 1844, the teterrinta cause(' of all this wide-spread distress. That relaxation cannot long be withheld. We believe that it must take place within a week at the farthest. The publication of the Bank re turns in Friday's Gazette will, most probably, dis close such a state of affairs as to greatly enhance the confusion. We need scarcely remind our readers that on the evening of the 4th instant the stock of bullion stood at 8,497,7801., being a diminution of 872,0141. in the stock within the previous ten days ; and the reserve of notes was but 2,155,3151., or little more than one half of the amount required for the business of the bank ing department. It requires no extraordinary claim to vaticination to predict that there must be very considerable reductions in both these im portant items, in the face of the active demands not only for India, China, the Continent, and the United States, but also to Scotland and Ireland. Surely, then, the time for Government inter. ference, if it is ever to take place, has arrived. The people will natrtrally feel indignant, if, while their losses and sufferings are regarded with contumelious indifferer-ce, the mo ment the pressure comes on the Bank itself, every concession is t• be made, and nothing can be too much to save the moneyocracy from the evils they have themselves occasioned by their heartless proceedings. It is, however, only through the necessities of " The Old Lady" that general relief can be obtained, and that being the case the more stringent the pressure, and the sooner the reserve is exhausted or reduced to a very low figure, the better for all parties con cerned—more especially for the commercial and manufacturing interests. It must be quite obvious that a more decisive measure than that resorted to in October, 1847, must now be adopted. The mere suspension of the Bank Charter Act, or the emission of a larger amount of notes than those now issued on securities will not suffice under existing circumstances. At that time there was no drain from abroad. The foreign exchanges had set in strongly in favour of this country, and we were importing, not export ing, a large amount of specie. The reasonable apprehensions of the mercantile men, that persons possessed of property could not convert it at any price into Bank of England notes, was the only difficulty, and that was removed the moment it was known that the Bank had obtained unlimited powers for the extension of its issues. But now these matters are totally changed. There is an incessant drain—a continuous ebb of bullion from our ports, which the exorbitant additions to the rate of discount have been totally unable to check or restrain. In fact, so long as 30 or 40 per cent. will be freely paid in the United States, 10, 12, or even 20 per cent. in Lombard-street will be insuf ficient to arrest the evil. So long as the exportation of specie to any quarter is profitable, it will continue, all the platitudes and exhortations of the Times, and its servile flock of imitators to the contrary notwithstanding. It is not merely the Act of 1844, but the entire bullionist system, the prin ciple of " convertibility" that is now on its trial. It is shown to be inconsistent with the welfare, prosperity, and happiness of the people. There is no doubt that the Bank Charter Act has greatly aggravated the intensity of the crisis, but it is merely a question of degree, because some 7,000,0001. or 8,000,0001. are uselessly locked up in the coffers of the Bank. But, as we have frequently stated, periodical panics and rapid fluctuations in the value of money are the inevit able adjuncts of bullionism. As a respected and highly intelligent correspondent recently stated, "it is not the quantity of money which is important, but the kind of money. We want money which cannot be taken away from us for a basis !" This is the grand secret of a proper cur rency for domestic use, which can neither be hoarded nor exported, which will always be acceptable to the tax-paying community, inas much as it would satisfy the claims of the most pressing creditors. Nothing will effectually an- I swer if the convertibility of the note is retained. That is the giant grievance. Give something for which we are not dependent on other nations, that will not be affected by their convulsions, with which the internal commerce of the country can be carried en without disturbance. Decrees pro hibiting the export of specie would be worse than useless, for, then, we should be rendered unable to defray our balances to foreign creditors. But there is no earthly reason why the value of gold should not vary in our markets according to the relative proportions between the demand and the supply, or why the State currency should not consist of really national notes of small and con venient denominations—say, for 11., 11. 55., 11. 10s., 1/, 155., 21., and 31., which, being alone receivable in payment of taxes and every public liability, and the amount being regulated by a department responsible to Parliament, would always maintain their value. This is the change required by the nation, and which will eventually be obtained. This will place all our domestic affairs on a satis factory basis, and insure the welfare of the people —bestowing on every man, able and willing to work, that great desideratum—" a fair day's wages for a fair day's labour." We cannot con clude without repeating the statement of a true hearted patriot and philanthropist, one who has devoted his extraordinary talents to the good of the community :—" I have," said he, " fought for many a good cause, but I sincerely believe that no one is more intimately and inseparably connected with the social and moral welfare of my fellow-men, everywhere, than this of Currency Reform." And he is right. History, we all know it has been said, and said wisely, is but a series of repetitions. It is so no less to-day than it was yesterday. Only last week we took occasion to remark that even the hideous Massacre at Cawnpore had its dim pro totype fifty years ago in the Massacre at Vellore. The bloody atrocity of 1806 was repeated in 1857, under more harrowing and disastrous circum stances. And, as General GILLESPIE avenged the one atrocity, so, happily, is General HAVELOCK, his noble compatriot, heroically avenging the other. The leaders of the Revolt, no less than the champions of Retribution, have each had their precursors. The same may be said even of those miserably mistaken palterers with the national cause now at issue in Hindostan—the imperial cause of British supremacy—those who are for impeding the victorious march of our troops, for lengthening out the campaign, and hampering the supreme military authority entrusted to Sir CoLIN CAMPBELL at the seat of war, in his eminent capacity as Commander-in-Chief. The shadowy forerunners of these last-mentioned advocates of the grand old laiisez-faire ou laissez aller principle are discoverable, moreover, not merely as recantly as half a century from the present time, but as far back as the ages of classic antiquity. For example, there comes back to us, echoing down two thousand years, through the historic trumpet of Livv—there comes back to us the recollection of the indignant protest uttered by MINUCIUS RUFUS, the leader of the Roman cavalry, against precisely this same evil system of delay and hesitation. It was a protest elicited from the old soldier under somewhat analogous circnna • stances—when FABIUS MAximus, the Dictator of the Hour, was jeopardising the interests of the state by a policy born of doubt and pro crastination--a policy yielding to HANNIBAL ithout a struggle the heroic opportu i nay. It is sheer folly, said MiNucnas RUFUS, two thousand years ago, it is sheer fully to believe that w e can conquer by simply making vows or by remainin g What quietly sea t e i i n i n d o lence. we have to do, is t o pl ace arms in the hand s o f our troopers, tot field, and t o b r i ng them thus l us ea f d ac t e h t e o m face eo andthe hand to band with the enemy. Stultitia est, sedendo ant volis debeUari, credere posse arnbari copiasl oportet, dcducendas in aluum, ut vir cum viro cootgrediaris. A.dding bluntly—lt is by valour and by deeds (not words) that the Roman power has been estab• THE tTIV, LONDON, THORSDAY -1 EVENING, Halted ; not by these despicable counsels which timidity misnames prudence ! Audendo atque agendo res Rom. erevit, non his segnibus consiliis, gum timidi cauta voc,ant. It is the cry at this hour in India of every valiant Englishman. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, Nov. 1i His Royal Highness Prince Alfred teturned to Alver. bank on Tuesday, attended by Lieutenant Cowell, R.E. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge took leave of ber Majesty in the afternoon of yesterday, and left the Castle, attended by Lientenant-Colonel Clifton ; Lieutenant-General Sir William and Lady Codrington and Miss Codrington also took their departure. The Queen and Prince Consort, attended by Vis countess Jocelyn, Major-General Buckley, and Captain the Hon. D. de Roe, went to pay a visit at Claremont this afternoon. Meetings of the Oxford University Commission were held at No. 17, Great Queen-street, Westminster, en Monday and Tuesday—present, the Earl of Harro why, the Bishop of Durham, Mr. Justice Coleridge, the Hon. Edward Twisleton, the Dean of Wells, and Sir John Awdry. Despatches were sent from the Colonial-office yester day to the Covernora of the Australian Colonies. A Cabinet Council was held at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury, in Downing-street, yesterday. The ministers present were—Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Granville, the Earl of Harrowby, Sir George Grey, the Earl of Clarendon, Mr. Secretary Labonchere, Lord Panmure, the Chancellor of the Exchequer Sir Charles Wood, the Right Hen. R. Vernon Smith, Lord Stanley 01 Alderley, the Duke of Argyll, and the Right Hon. M. T. Baines. The Duke and Duchess of Manchester are sojourning in Paris, and will not return to town for some weeks. The Marquis of Salisbury has returned to Hatfield house, Herts. The noble marquis and marchioness in tend to receive a distinguished circle next month, at the family seat. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess Mary will honour the noble marquis and marchioness with a visit. , The Marquis and Marchioness of Stafford have left Stafford House for Lilleshall, Shropshire. The Earl of Harrowby has arrived at Claridge's Hotel, from Sandon Hall, Staffordshire. The Earl and Counters of Mu'grave are passing the season at Brighton. The Earl of Dalkeith, M.P., left Montagu House, Whitehall, last evening, for Drunalanrig Castle, N.B. Lady Mary Wood and family arrived in town yester day, from Hickleton Hall, Yorkshire. Lord Hervey is making a tour in the United States. Viscount Althorp, whose departure for America we annoucced at the close of the season, is in company with his lordship. Lady Peel has returned to town from visiting Sir Hugh and Lady Campbell, at their seat in Berwickshire. The Right Hon. Fred. and Mrs. Peel are still in Rome. Admiral Morier has arrived at Claridge's Hotel, from Buckland, Dover. IRCaptain Lord Clarence Paget, C. 8., has declined the offer of a seat at the Board of Admiralty. Seale changes are about to take place in the surveyor'■ department at the Admiralty and in the dockyards, in consequence of the retirement of Mr. Jahn Edye, F.S.S , the senior assistant to the surveyor. MR. WRIGHTON'S CoNCERT. —Mr. Wrighton, the vocalist, composer of " The Postman's Knock," and other popular songs, gave a " ballad and miscellaneous" concert last evening at the Hanover-square rooms. Mr. Wrighton sang several of his own productions with re markable success, winning for many of them unanimous encores. The room was CrOlt EAST KENT RAILWAY.—Thu private opening of this railway, from Stroud to Faversham, took place yester day, when the directors and other officials dined at the general meeting of the Faversham Agricultural Associa tion. LrveriPooL, Wednesday.—The United States mail steamship Atlantic, Captain 0. Eldridge, sails this after noon for New York with the United States mails, a large number of pa , sengers, but small cargo. The screw steamship Antelope, Captain Smith, will also sail to night') tide for Portland, Halifax, and Newfoundland. SHORT TIME AT PRESTON.—On Monday the firms of Messrs. Birley Brothers, Messrs. Simpson Brothers, and Mes-re. Ainsworth and Co. began running short time. To-day (Tuesday) Messrs. Swaieson, Birley, and Co. ooramt a :e. Last Friday Messrs. J. and H. Seed commenced, and on Saturday Messrs. Eastham Brothers. There are not ♦ery few mills in Preston running full time.—Preston Chronicle. STATE OF TRADE IN OLDHAM.—In consequence of the increasingly depressed state of trade, a considerable number of the mills in the town have begun working short time, and it is fully anticipated that the example will be followed by the great majority of the others. Tradesmen of all classes have, in consequence, begun to complain of bad trade, the returns of the Board of Guardians for in-door and out-door relief have been somewhat affected, and the coming winter is looked for ward to with the most gloomy foreoodidgs.—Manchester Guardian. 11.1:1ESLAX TROPHY TOR C.AHNARVON CASTLH—One Of the guns captut,d from the Russians at Sebastopol has been presented by Lord Panmure to the town of Car narvon, and has been most appropriately placed in front of the main entrance to the celebrated castle. It is a twenty-four pounder, eight feet in length, and weighs upwards of two tons; the carriage is new, having been made at Woolwich. Application is to be made for the gift of another gun, so that one may be mounted on each side of the bridge leading to the gateway. THE REPRESENTATION OF PAISLEY.—Two or three candidates have been spoken of as likely to contest the representation of the burgh, rendered vacant by the recent death of Mr. Hastie. Mr. Crum Ewing, who opposed the late member at the last general election, Mr. Merry, and Mr. Cobden have been mentioned ; but in regard to the last-named candidate, his prospects of success are said to be worth nothing. The contest, therefore, will probably be between the two first-named gentlemen ; but we are informed that Mr. Merry is the favourite with the electors. Mn. ROVPELL, M.P., AND HIS CONSTITURNTS.—Yes. . _ terday evening a numerous meeting of the electors and non-electors of Lambeth was held in the large room at the Horns Tavern, Kennington-park, for the purpose of meeting their representative, Mr. Roupell, who ad dressed the meeting at some length, ezplainingthe course he took nu the most prominent measures brought be fore Parliament in the last session; and having alluded to the intelligence just received from India, paid,— "As to Lord Canning, I should be sorry to judge harshly of the acts of a man at a distance of 14,000 miles, yet I cannot review with but the greatest suspicion the first act of his adminisization—that of tampering with the press. Hie first act was not to hang the mutineers, but to gag the press. This paper (a Calcutta paper) was suspended because it spoke too freely of the acts of the government—a thing that is done every day here; and if that power were allowed here, we should have the whole of the daily press stopped by the Govern ment some morning. The paper that was gagged was a Calcutta paper of 60 years' standing. I must speak with modesty about what has been done in India, but as this has come upon the Government by ignorance, it ought to be remedied. Why not send out a com mission of fearless men, who would not take their in- formation from clerks, but would go through the country and examine for themselves, and fearlessly report the result to the Government ? Why not send out such men as Neill and Tullocht (Cheers.) I am glad you, like myself, value the services of those honest and honourable men. (Hear, hear.) They tdld the truth, and that too plainly to be agreeable ; but the country has acted upon the information, and has bene fited by it." A vote of confidence to the hon. gentle man, and a vote of thanks to the chairman, terminated the proceedings. VALETTA, Nov. 6.—A grand review of all the troops in garrison was held yesterday in the Florian parade ground, to commemorate the British soldiers' battle of Inkerman. There were present eight companies of Royal Artillery, the Royal Malta Fencii , les, 14th, 21st, 28th, 57th, and 71st Regiments of Infantry, altogether about 5,000 men. The brave General Sir John Penne father put them through various evolutions, such as the limited space of ground would permit. Col. Crawley, RE., Col. St. George, R.A.., Major Porter, R.E., and Major Bayley attended with the staff. The day being very fine a great number of civilians viewed this noble military spectacle. Crimean crosses abounded on the breasts of the soldiers. Toe troops w ere congratulated by the general for their hign state of discipline and good appearance. DESTRUCTIVE FlRS.—Last evening, shortly after 10 o'clock, a destructive fit • broke out in the shop of Mr. Thomas Thornton, wholesale and retail draper, in the Hackney-road, which, in a very short time, complttely destroyed the entire premises, including the whole of the valuable stock and effects. The fire was first discovered by one of the female assistants, who was removing some of the stock from the show-rooms, and before she could even give 'an alarm the place was in one complete blaze. The engines were speedily on the spot, but the firemen where unable to do more than save the adjoining houses. Fortunately all the inmates succeeded in effecting their escape. The loss is estimated at between 4,0001. and 5,0001., which will fall on the Guardian Insurance Company. EMBEZZLEMENT BY AND ABSCONDING OF A FACTOR —We l,arn that Mr. Andrew Buist, factor for Sir Archibald Islay Camposli, of Succoth, has absconded within the last two or three days, leaving a deficit iu his employer's cash to the amount of fully 3 0001. Since his appointment to this situation some three or four years ago, Bidet lived on Sir Archibald's estate of Gar. scube in this neighbourhood, and was understood to be of rather a sporting turn. The authorities are on the look-out fur him.—Glasgow Herald. SENTENCE Og A POINTSMAN,-0a Tuesday, at the High Court of Justiciary, Edinburgh, the Lord Justice Clerk passed sentence of two years' imprisonment on John Latto, lately a pointsman at the Eekbank junction of the North British Railway, where the Peebles Rail way unites with the Hawick line. The points at the junction usually remain closed towards the Peebles trains, and are opened only when they approach, but on the occasion libelled, the 31st of July . I'at, the pan nel had neglected to open the points, &r.n LA.I signalled to the engineman ,to proceed, ttc consequence being that the engine and part of the train ran off the line, and in the violent concussion that followed seven or eight persons were more or less severely injured, and in one or two instances to the danger of life. His lord ship, in passing sentence, stated that but for good cha racter and other mitigating circumstances the sentence would have been one of penal servitude, as the Court had not found that its leniency hitherto had produced much greater attention on the part of railway servants • LATEST NEWS. THE OVERLAND MAIL. DEATH OF GENERALS NEIL AND NICHOLSON. RELIEF OF LUCKNOW. We published yesterday in our first edition the telegrams received by the Foreign-office and by the India-house of the contents of the Bombay mail of the 18th of October. A fuller despatch has since been received from Cagliari. It is as follows : ALEXANDRIA, Nov. 5. The Pottinger reached Suez on the 2d inst., with dates from Bombay to the 18th of October. Gen. Havelock stormed and carried the enemy's position at Meengarsour on the 21st of Septem ber, and continued his advance towards Lucknow, driving the insurgents before him. On the 25th the Residency was relieved, and on the 26th the besiegers' intrenchments were captured ; our loss was 400 killed and wounded, and, among the frirmer, General Neil. The latest intelligence is dated Cawnpore, Oct. 2. Nearly the whole of the city (Lucknow) was in our possession ; the resistance is said to have been very obstinate. Delhi was completely subjugated en the 21st of September. The enemy had abandoned their camp beyond the walls. The King of Delhi was a prisoner. The three Princes had also been cap tured and immediately shot. Our loss in killed and wounded on the 14th is estimated at nearly 1,200. The subsequent loss appears to have been slight. General Nicholson had died of his wounds. The latest news from Delhi, via Lahore, is to the 3d of October. General Greathed, with a column 2,000 strong, sent in pursuit of fugitives, was to move on to Anop Shekur, on the way to Rohilcund. General Wilson had resigned the command from ill health, and was succeeded by General Penny. The official despatches are not yet recoived, and information is still very defective. The Dinapore mutineers have, it is feared, go as far up the country as Bauda. Nana Sahib is believed to be in that neighbour hood, exciting the Gwalior mutineers to join them. The Madras column, in falling back upon Jubbulpore, had attacked and defeated the re volted 52d. Anxiety was felt for the garrison at Saugor, which comprises a number of women and children. Scinde and Guzarat are quiet. There has been some disturbance among the Bheels in Kan- deist. The Punjab is still disturbed between Lahore and Mooltan, but in a very trifling degree. The central and southern districts of the Born bay Presidency are quiet. Two Sepoys have been blown from guns at Bombay for plotting sedition. The Golden Fleece had reached Ceylon. The prices of imports were very steady, though transactions were rather limited, owing to the holidays. Freights were stationary. Bank rates of inte rest unaltered, but large quantities of specie had been shipped to Calcutta. Four per Cents., 80 ; Five per Cents, 90. Exchange, 2s. lid. for credits. The Hindostan from Calcutta reached Suez this morning. The Emeu arrived at Suez on the eve Ling of the 3d inst. TURKEY. We have received, via Trieste, Constantinople journals and letters to the 31st ult., and they con tain little of importance. An Imperial reception was held on the 28th, as is usual on the nomina tion of a Grand Vizier. Au Imperial hatti was read, in which his Majesty recommended his Minis tars to labour together cordially in transacting the affairs of the Empire. No official act had at he above date emanated from the new Cabinet. At tention was excited at Constantinople at the un willingness of M. Thouvenel to enter into relations with Reschid Paoha. It was expected, however, as has since been made known through Vienna, that matters would be made up between these high personages. NOVE 1,47,11 FRANCE. PARIS, THURSDAY, Nov. 12, 8. A. 3i. M. Abbatucci, the Minister of Justice, is dead. The Legislative Body is convoked for the 28th. PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVENING. The Emperor has addressed the following letter to M. Magne, the Minister of Finance, on the pre sent monetary crisis : " Compiegne, 10th. "Monsieur le Ministre—l see with pain that, without any apparent or real cause, an attack is made on public credit by chimerical fears, and by the propagation of nos-disant remedies for an evil which only exists in the imagination. In preceding years, the apprehensions whieh were entertained had, it must be allowed, some foundation, A succession of bad harvests compelled us every year to export several hundreds of millions in specie to pay for the quantity of corn of which we were deficieat, and nevertheless wo were able to ward off the crisis and set at nought the gloomy predictions of alarm ists by some simple prudential measures, temporarily adopted by the Bank of France. At present, why can it not be understood that the same course of conduct, rendered more easy by the law which allows the rate of discount to be raised, must still more suffice to preserve to the Bank the specie of which it stands in need, since we are in a more favourable position than lutt year, the harvest having been abundant and the metallic reserve of the Bank being more considerable ? I request you therefore to loudly contradict the absurd projects which are attributed to the Government, and the propagation of which so readily creates alarm. It is not without some degree of pride that we may affirm that France is the country of Europe in which public credit is founded on the widest and most solid bases. The remarkable report which you have just addressed to me is a proof of the fact. Restore courage to those who are alarmed in vain, and assure them that I are decided on not employing the empirical means to which recourse is not had except in cases happily so rare and when catastrophes beyond human fores'ght fall on the country. Whereupon, I pray God to have you in his holy keep ing. "NalsoLlON2' The Moniteur contains decrees, one repealing the decree of 22d Sept. last prohibiting the export of corn, flour, potatoes, pulse, and chestnuts ; and the other repealing that of the 26th Oct., 1854, which prohibits distillation from corn or any other farinaceous substance fit for food. The decrees prohibiting distillation from rice and foreign corn are also repealed. The Court of Assizes of the Aisne, in the s econd part of its sitting of Monday, and in the first part of that of yesterday, was cccupied in receiving evi dence respecting the various robberies alleged to have been committed by the different pri souera, but it was of little interest. Huget and Lemaire related all the particulars re specting the robberies in which they had been con cerned, and they showed some zeal in accusing their fellow-prisoners, and especially this elder Villet, of having taken part iu them. The last mentioned prioner, as on previous days, defended himself with great energy, and no little skill ; but his manner was again most insolent. It was stated that when iu the royal guard he was condemned by court-martial to be shot for some crime, but tt:at ho e;caped by the breaking out of the Revo lution of 1830. He declared that the statement was fare, and inquiries were ordered to be made on the subject. As to Lemaire, though he is re markably calm at the trial, he is said to have fits of fury in his cell, and in one of them on the night of Sunday he attempted to suffocate himself by thrusting his blouse down his throat. BOURSE, Nov. 11.—The market has shown great steadiness, notwithstanding the Bank of France has rai se d i ts rate o f di sc ount, any effect having been cou n t erac t e d by a rise of on the English Comol s , an d b y f avou rable news from New York. Thre es h ave b ee n done at from 66f. I 70c. to 66t. 85c.; Mobilier, 760 c. to 767 f. 50c.; 1 9 -5 Austrian, 6611. .25c. to 662 f. 500.; Orleans, 1,267 f. 50c. to 1,272 f, 50e.; Lyons, 705 f. t o 800 f.• and Southern, 527 f. 50c. to 530 c. The market continued firm to the close, when the following were tho last quotations : Cash. fr. End of Month. t per Cents .., ...... 90 40 —fr. --I. i per Cent^ 66 GO G 7 Bank Slim oi " 1 930 Credit Foncier 5lO Credit Mobilier 767 50 Roman Do. Account 770 Austrian Belgian 4 (x. 1)...... Spanish Threes__ -- Piesimontese (5) 9O Home Debt - RAILWAYS—YOB, CASIL fr. c. fr c. Orleans' 1270 Midi Northern - Western New Ditto Lyons and Med BO9 Grand Central New Ditto... .. ..... 788 i— Sardinian - Geneva 585 Austrian Cora. ...... 651; BELGIUM. The Belgian chamber 3 were opened on Tuesday as had been announced, but without any especial ceremonial or address. The public tribunes of both were crowded, and the space in front of the build ings and streets adjacent were filled with people. In the Chamber of Deputies, the new ministers were present. The senior members of the house, M. Anspach, having taken the chair, Al. Rogier, Minister of the Interior, ascended the tribune, and read a royal decree dated that day, declaring the chambers adjourned. The members present then— in spite of the objection of one of their body, M. Dumortier, that the decreo ought not to have been read until after the election of the president and vice presidents—dispersed amidst cries of " Vivo le Roi !" In the Senate, the royal decree was also read, and the members forthwith separated. The following are a few particulars relative to the members of the new Belgian Cabinet : " M. Charles Rogier, formerly member of the National Congress and of the Provisional Government is well known. His political career dates back to 1330. He has already been twice Minister of the lut3rior, in 1832 and in 1347, and directed in 1340 the Depart ment of Public Works. M. Frere•Orban, who nom menced his career as advocate at Liege, formed part of the Cabinet of August, 1347, first as Minister of Public Works, and afterwards as Minister of Finance. He has distinguished himself both by his administra tive qualities and by his talent as a speaker. Baron de Vriere, who in order to enter the Ministry resigns the post of Governor of Western Flanders, belongs to one of the first families at Bruges. He has belonged to the diplomatic body, having been Belgian Minister at Copenhagen and at Lisbon. General Berten is an officer of merit. Before he was promoted to the rank of general he commanded the regiment of Guides." SARDINIA. The Armenia of Turin publishes a circular ad dressed by some of the bishops of Piedmont to their clergy, recommending them to exercise their influence in the coming elections in favour of cleri cal candidates. They state that the kingdom is politically organised in such a manner that they are "called upon to exercise a species of sovereignty over the election of those upon whom, in a certain measure, the regulation of their destinies depends." Hence they remind their clergy that it would be a serious dereliction of duty to stand by and allow the enemies of the church to elect their representa tives without a struggle. Monsignor Charvaz, Bishop of Genoa, has addressed a separate circular to the clergy of his diocese, in which he simply in culcates the duty of recommending electors to vote in favour of wise, patriotic, independent, and reli gious men. SPAIN. The Madrid journals of the 7th make long ex tracts from the " defence" of Queen Christina, published by M. Cortina and her Majesty's other advocates. Ia the said extracts, au effort is made to prove that the Queen did not, as she is alleged to have done, abstract any portion of the royal patrimony. A royal decree enacts that the Minis try of the Interior shall consist of three chief "sec tions"—one of administration, the other of govern ment, the third of " Charity and Health ;" and of three directions—one of the post-office, the second of penitentiary establishments, and the third of telegraphs. The Gazette announces that the Queen of England bad granted a gold medal to Captain Bamirez, of the Adan merchant ship, for having given assistance to the wrecked crew of the English ship Betsy. It was said that Don Henry was to be allowed to reside wherever he might think fit. A letter from °attar° of the 2d, in the Austrian Gazette, says :—" Zacharka, the new Woiwode of Wassozewic, has just made known at Cettioge that twolof the tribes of that province have broken truce with Turkey, and made an incursion on the territory of Pedgoridz I, where they spread flue and slaughter in all directions. Prince Danilo has sent a commission to the spot to ascertain the real state of things and to punish the chiefs of tlle two tribes fur having acted without his permission." The Ost Deutsche Post of Vienna of the 7th says : —" The signing of the treaty concluded between the States bordering the Danube, relative to the navigation of that river, has been hitherto delayed, in consequence of the Porte not having sent its powers. They having arrived, the commissioners assembled yesterday, and the document was duly signed by all the parties concerned." ICAvices from Naples of the ith state that the Infanta An=lia, married to Don Sebastian, died the day before of bronchitis. The Grand Duchess of Tuscany, her sister, and the Count de Trapani, who had left Florence to visit the illustrious patient, arrived too late. A St. Petersburg letter, in the New Prussian Gazette, says :—" The expectation which has been gradually gaining ground of the speedy suppression of slavery has become a certainty since the return of the Emperor. It is now known that his Majesty is firmly resolved on this reform, and it is thought that the 18th December, the fete-day of the Em peror Nicholas, has been fixed on for the publica tion of this measure, because his late Majesty, , when on his death-bed, recommended it to his son. ' The cologne Gazette, announces that the health of the King of Prussia is every day improving, and that the court will shortly rsmove to Charlotten burg. The oid road by the Grunnewald is being repaired for the purpose. The Prince of Prussia will at the same time take up his residence at Berlin. S .i.tl AUSTRALIA. PLYMOUTH, Nov. 11. The ship Aron, Captain Mackwood, with 65,000 ounces of gold-dust, from Melbourne, August 6, has lauded a mail here. She made a fine passag e t o the Horn in 28 days, haying rounded the Cape September 3 ; light winds were afterwards expe rienced throughout the passage. She crossed the line October 1. The Avon has between 90 and 100 passengers. Her cargo includes a large quantity of wood, copper ore, black sand, some hides, leather, (t7c. She spoke off the coast of Brazil the Branscombe, for Liver pool ; October 2, the Walter Hood, for Sydney ; October 5, the Janet, for Melbourne ; October 15, the John Henry, for London. THE WEST COAST OF AFRICA.—PLTMOUTII, Wednes day, Nov. 11.—The mail steam-;hipEthiope, Coffman der C , rbell, which arrived last night, reports at Fernan do Pe, Oct. 1, the British brigs Coquette and Edward Colson, with the barque Austin and Ellen, which was receiving a new rudder, preparatory to sailing for Eng land. The French brig El Dorado of Marseilles was also under repair. The Etbiopo brings home the re maining part of the cargo of the barque Agues wrecked at the entrance t) the Cameroons River. At Cameroons, Sept. 27, the Moselle, Spartan, Porto Nova, and Arabi:, the sea:on had been sickly, and several deaths had oc curred among the Europeans. At Old Calabar, Nov. 29, the Founy, Loodianah, Paramatte, Abeona, and Mermaid. The Clan Gregor was dropping down the river, and would sail on the springs. At Bonny, 00!. 4, the Golden Age, Grand Bunny, Dorothea, Pomona, and St. Andrew ; ready for sea, the Blondine, the Mary Black, and the Garland ; the Princess Royal had arrived safely from Cape Coast Castle, where she had been condemned after a collision ; trade was toler ably active. Several America., and other ships were at Accra on Oct. 10, and on the 11th the Kantee, of Bris tol, was off Cape Coast Castle. The governor was at Sierra Leone. The American barque Utah, from New York, arrived at Liberia on Out. 14 ; the British barque Ferree, for London, and the barque Tell, for Hamburg, sailed therefrom on September 19, and the American trig Falmouth, for New York, on the 24th. The Ame rican schooner Fawn was wrecked off Cape Palmas on October 14. The ba r q ue Colonist was at Sierra Leone on October 21. Several French vessels were at Bat. burst and Goree on October 25. The barque Nautilus, the brig Cornet, and the schooner Jane were at Madeira on November 3. A man was on Monday tried by the Tribunal of Cur rectional Pace for a somewhat singular species of usury. The publisher of M. Till , rs' " Ilistoire du Consulat et de l'Empire" allows the poorest class of purchasers to pay for the work in twenty-four monthly instalments of 51. ; AA several non commissioned officers of the 94th Regi ment purchased it on those terms. One of these men being one day in want of money sold his copy to the prisoner fur 60f. Some others hearing of this, went to th 3 man, and on condition of his paying th e 601 . d own, made subscriptions to the work to be paid month by month, leav•n,g him to take the copy to which they were entitled ; they thus in reality had to pay 1201. for au advance of 601. The tribunal condemned the man to two months' imprisonment, and NO.'. fine. TEE MONETARY CRISIS. TO THE EDITOR. OF THE 617. N. Srn,—ln a very recent number of your most admirable evening paper, The Suo, that of Friday if I recollect rightly, I read a vary moving article as relates to the state of our currency and the drain of gold, to supply (not the real but the panic) wants in foreign states. Permit me to solicit the introduction of the present letter wherein I offer a sure and immediate remedy for the safety of ourselves, which statistic article I feel sure the masses of the commercial, manufacturing, and trading members of our country will appreciate to its full value. I begin with the long-standing error, the first point, the imbe cility of our many and various administrations of Whig and Tory, that of having never thought of an Order in Council (the quickest work) or an Act of Parliament, to make any portion of our different denominations of stocks (the Funds so called) a legal tender. The whole Debt is a fiction, for not a guinea was ever paid to Government on any loan—it was paper, symbolic and in other forms, every 401. of every 1001. a swindling pre mium to get 601. Allow me to suppose that this very simple law had been, from Lord Bute's time, in George the Third's reign, declared by an act of Parliament, to be a legal tender, no such embarrassments as those of 1796, 1819, 1823, and 1837, as well as the present, could by any possibility have occurred. I am an aged roan, born in March, 1775, an octogenarian, (in vigorous health), addicted from very early youth to think deeply and intensely. I may and can safely say, that no Chancellor of the Exchequer nor any First Lord of the Treasury, a Prime Minister from the time of the rogue and deceitful Wal pole in 1700, when our debt first had a beginning, ever exhibited a particle of genius, even in the mode of taxa tion, or in easing the people when making laws. I per fectly recollect the loud commendations heaped upon the salt tax, a tax amounting to 34 times the real saleable value of the article. We had our salt doled out in conical wood baskets. I do not intend, nor do I mean to insult the thou sands of wise-headed men who have adorned our coun try ; but I mean to say, if any one has had a useful fiscal idea, it is somewhat astonishing that it had not burst forth from the womb of the mind. I shall comme❑ce with the famed William Pitt. That oratorical Minister persuaded the Commons of the ne cessity of our country going to war with France in 1793. He persuaded the nation to believe it was the intention of the French Revolutionary Government to invade and seize by force of arms and strategy, old England. The false fire of Mr. Pitt's mind on this proved costly and wicked folly ; the extravagantly ruinous folly as it now appears to us of the present time, was inflamed by the brilliant oratory of Edmund Burke. To carry on this sinful and most outrageous insane war, he raised loans by 60 millions, and at 100 millions at a time, and offered the usurious interest or bonus of 40 per cent, to get what ? that is the question—why, millions in bank notes, the only payment to Government for shares of his unfortunate love of loans. When our guineas in the Bank were reduced to 99,000/. by unlawfully subsidising Austria, paying Prussia and the Grand Duke of Hesse Cassel ; and thus draining every guinea obtainable from the daily demand for our currency, and after scandalously violating his sacred promise made to the Governor of the Bank of England, Mr. Jeremiah Harman (my fast and valuable friend), who, alarmed, sent a messenger with a written notice to Mr. Pitt, that the directors would have to declare the insolvency of that great institution. The directors told this overrated minister that be must instantly resolve to call a privy council to sanction the issue of 11. and 21 -notes, to save the nation from universal bankruptcy and ruin. An order in council was soon dished and served up, to make these non-convertible notes a legal tender for six months. This order in Council was frequently re newed until it war finally resolved by the Privy Coun cit, the ,order should continue till and for six months after the signature of a peace. This peace was effected in 1814, but the notes circulated till 1819, when Sir R. Peel lost his senses, and by an act of the Legislature we were to return to a g6lden currency. To return to the year 1796, Mr. Pitt had such dread apprehensions that riots would follow the suspension of cash payments, that he silently caused a large body of the militia to surround London, keeping at 10 and 12 miles distant. How small was his mind ! So far from riots occurring, he a week the whole community felt as satisfied with a 11.-note and a shilling to represent a golden guinea as if no change had taken place i❑ the form of the currency ; that all manufacturers, merchants, and the vast mass of our trading people remained contented and satisfied with the paper currency for 27 years—that is, from 1796 to 1825, the year of awful memory, which paper circulation enriched England beyo❑d all precedent in our records. The first dreadful national spasm occurred in 1819, when Mr. Peel first carried his mea• Sure—that of returning to a metallic currency. He found it impossible to carry his impolitic measure slap bang, and deferred it to 1323, when the nation had another spasmodic convulsion. Expediency, the goddess of Sir 11. Peel, forced him to postpone the national crash, to serve his insanity, until 1825. Then it was that 200 millions of country paper was annihilated by being called in, and about 25 mullions of extra issue of Bank of England notes, making a total of 285 millions of currency. Many are still living who can remember the emphatic denouncement of Peel's father, echoed by a few similarly fore-sighted, wiss members of the House of Commons, who predicted all the fearful calamities sure to follow in the wake of so insane a meaaure. Why do I boldly call it an insane measure ? Because England, by the faith placed in her, and the credit she enjoyed over the whole surface of the earth, made her paper money of equal value to golf. . _ Gold or silver currency prevail only in poverty-stricken States, like those of Germany and Italy. They inspire no sort of confidence—ergo, have no credit. Austria is now trembling ; her shivering being produced by her injustice and rascally cruelty to the, once famed and glorious Italy ; where the arts, and sciences, and poetry, raised their healkabove all the world. This appalling panic happened in Nov., 1825, when one of our far-famed horrible, thick, yellow fogs prevailed, and gas supplied the feg-hidden min, producing a darkness almost super natural, .which increased the horrors of the day. I heard that my banker, among others, had stopped payment. I was incredulous, so I put on my hat and hastened to the city. Arrived in Corehill, I saw a vast crowd, half of the men hatless, at the door of Sir John Lubbeck. The same at Smith, Payne, and Smith ; ditto its Messrs. Masterman and Co. Mr. Jeremiah Her man having a Russian Government balance in his and his brother's hands, went and tendered 600,0001. to the Mastermans, offering more if it were wanted. That saved the firm. The house of Barings and Co. could obtain no a ccommo d a ti on at the banks, his Chinese sycee ingots of silver being refused as security. Other great merchants were in like manner refused. Bills were hourly fallieg due, and nothing in hand to meet them. It cost all those who could stand the sacrifice exactly 71. 10s. per pound sterling. Nine teen private banks fell smash at one fell swoop. Country banks were nearly all found to be rotten concerns, and they went to the wail wholesale. It was computed and proved that when the Bank of England, to save a run for gold, withdrew two and a-half millions, it cost the menu turing and commercial community forty millions in sacri fice to save themselves. If at any time the Bank were to withdraw four millions, it would make the country bankrupt. We require a national bank. Lord Overstone and numbers of pamphleteers —1 among the many —advocated the measure as imperative. I shall say no thing of my plan at present, but hope in another address to you, Mr. Editor, to explain it in as brief a manner as words can express, as it forms part of a project for onr immediate money relief, which I offered to Sir Cornewail Lewis, who would consider my project, but could make no conditional promise of reward for years in contemplation, and weeks in writing—the details filling a rather large book, where all the calculations were minutely stated. To return again to the panic in November, 1825, and the Bask of England records prove, that the Bank stopped payment 12 times in 44 years ; averaging 3 years and three-quarters each. I ask what commercial firm could have stood so many severe shocks ? Not one ; but we have to recollect that our Government owed, and owes still, from eleven to twelve millions, therefore orders in council ars ever easy to obtain, in. Messrs. the Direc tors and Chairman might stop payment to Government, and refuse Exchequer Bills, &c. &c, To conclude, 1 must return to Mr. P.tt's want of foresight, and the absence of all fiscal perceptions. Had he, or had his predecessors, ever thought of returning loans of 60 and 100 millions by granting in exchange debentures carrying 12 per cent., to fall in at the end of fourteen years as a debt cleared off, we should never have had the frightful incubus which weighs every business man to the ground. Taxation could never have reached 12 millions for State expenses, instead of 26 millions to pay the interest only of our debt.— I am, Sir, your most obedient servant, Professor BARON VON REMAGLE, Marylebone-Street, Regent-circus, Nov. 9, 1857. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. S:r,—With pleasure I've read your article in the Sun, of this day, and eonsideryou deserve the warmest thanks of the public, fn.. the able exposition of your views on our present disgraceful currency laws—laws which, in their practical operation, are making the rich richer, and the poor poorer every day. May I give an illus• tration of what I consider the true cause of this panic ? We are doing as a nation what it is unsafe for an indi. vidual to attempt, viz., trading largely beyond our means, but not up to our scants. By a return I find that the note, gold and silver coin—taken together—is very little more than it was seven years ago. How can we then be otherwise than hard up? Our trade has enormously increased, and with it we require n largely augmented currency, or we shall go on to trade with straightened means, and scatter sorrow and distress on every side. And now for the remedy. In my opinioa it intht be an immediate issue of Government notes equal in amount to the national debt. Make them value one pound, a leg2l tender, and not convertible into gold on demand. The public will have as much confidence in them as in sovereigns ever so bright, and for all purposes of trade the notes will be quite equal. By this means our distress will be at once mitigated, and trade receive as great an impetus as a man whe❑ a :witted to the pure air of heaven who was dying for want of its exhilirating uxygon. We are trading below our wants, and pan.- lysing trade for want of a more expansive currency. Let neither the moneyocracy nor red-tapism starve us into submission. If the people are in earnest a change in our monetary system will be immediate, and the confidence of the country again restored. E the panic does not arouse as to action now, we shall deserve to suffer the increasing ruin which our preseut monetar system entails. Your obedient servant, A MERCHANT. P.S.—The Times looks for ease from a oontrac• ticn nf trade; before that can follow thousands Wiil be laid low, and suffering aggravated for want of a simple mode of relief. TO THE EDITOR OF' THE SUN. SIR,—As the subject of currency is again of some lin portance I must respectfully take the liberty to submit for your consideration the substance of a letter which I addressed to the Right Honourable Lord John Russell on the Ist of May, 1547. I proposed, in order to check the then great demand for bullion at the Bank of England, and to facilitate the discounting of commercial bills at a moderate rate of interest, that the Bank be allowed to issue two kinds of notes—one kind to be put in circulation on discounting bills of ordinary character (such notes to be legal tender in payment of bill. and in general payment throughout the country), and for which no gold shall be de►nandable at the Bank for one year after the date printed or writ- ten o❑ the notes 80 issued. The other kind of notes, Fame as at present to he issued in payment of drafts and of all Securities (not bills) that might be considered as representing the real capital of the country. I hold that, as bills are for accommodation, the holders of such instruments have no right to demand gold for them. How is it t A. man goes to the Bank with a bill, perhaps, got up for a purpose, and receives Bank of England notes for it, what just right has that wan to return the notes and demand gold in exchange, with a view, as it might be, of exporting same for a premium It what I have suggested was adopted parties requiring gold for notes issued on discounting bills, would have to apply for it at the bullion office outside the Bank, and most likely would have to pay a small commissio❑ for the accommodation ; and thus by setting a nominal ♦alue on specie, gold would flow into, instead of out of, the country, and in a very short time would become so abundant that any quantity might be Lad at its real value. The new notes might be issued for months, marked January, 1856 ; February, 1866, and so on, then at the commencement of the new year there would be eleven months' issue on which gold could not be demanded, against one month's issue, for which gold could be demanded. I do not propose that the law should be altered with regard to the withdrawal of one pound notes from circulation in England, I would say that if a bill for 991. were to be discounted, 951. of new notes should be given and the balance i❑ gold or silver. The Bank should be at liberty at all times to issue either kind of note, or gold or silver, as they in their judgment might think proper. The whole pla❑ to extend to Ireland and Scotland, if deemed advisable. I am, &c,, SAMUEL ELLIS. Dublin, Nov. 11, 1857. Loss 01 A RUSSIAN STEAMER.—Advices have bee* received at Berlin, from St Petersburgh of the loss of the Russian steamer Kouba, of 100-horse power, in the Caspian. The steamer was driven on a reef in a violent storm, and out of a crew of 75, the commander, two lieutenants, a sub-lieutenant, and 13 men perished. The watch placed in French cabs to mark the time have, it appears, proved a temptation to thieves, and since the establishment of the new system 59 have been stolen. The robberies were effected with so much dex terity that the vigilance of the drivers was in vain ; the men are made to pay 451. for each watch stolen. The law courts of Athens are about to be engaged in a suit in which six millions of francs is involved. A Greek of distinction, named Totzizsa, left by will to his widow his whole fortune, consisting of the above -mentioned sum. The testator's brother, residing at Leghorn, dis putes the will and hence the suit. The case excites great interest at Athens. FATAL ACCIDENT.—A shocking accident took place on Tuesday last iu South Devon, causing the instant death of the unfortunate gentleman to whom it occurred. Mr. W. Wills, a gentleman residing at Ilsington, on the borders of Dartmoor, was out hunting at Torbryan, Rear Newton Abbott, when, in crossing the railway, the fore. feet of his horse caught in a " sleeper ; " the animal stumbled, threw Mr. Wills over, and fell upon him, killing him in a moment. A NEW ADHESIVE CEMENT.—Professor Edmund Davy, in a paper, read to the Royal Society of Dublin. proposes tee following as an excellent cement for repair' ing gutters, drain-pipes, pumps, &e. It consists in two parts of common pitch melted together with one part of gutta, percha. This compound is in many cases prefer• able to gutta percha alone, aed may moreover be dried and preserved for use. In order to apply p. it la t c o e. m l e t ta is l and cement then n y b e shouldpo poured r nde glass, uponwel ar ar sf ao e d tplheo w earrk i c t ey b st hota ibns,t ani ve t o r e o rs : . o req a, u l t , ah ri le ic l yr A p a p ap p rt i l E hi cnia c ebn i l , e o t r at . d ' w .lt a ` h o e n° du Ile r efo cl Journal says Te e apple crop has now been through outsofafrgta,thaeltrhedough6the gh our county as to enable ns to state th a t th e yie ld has exc eeded e b e r d o e u d g broug ht off largeexpectations; in ac s of blossom, and induced fears that we should again outexpewr eell,' a oadfoaiolpurreeo,oadseotthiye su mmer waned they `came large and juicy. Indeed the present very pressing demand for casks shows that the make,' both of perry and cyder, will exceed that of many previous years." Letters from St. Petersburg state that the price of pr 'visions has become so exceedingly high in that city that the government has thought it advisable to open the state granaries, and to sell the wheat held there in reserve. This favour is, however, only accorded to such persons as are known to be in want of ALARMING FIRE AT WOOLWlCET.—Yesterday morning at an early hour considerable alarm was created in High' street, Woolwich, in consequence of a fire, which was nearly attended with the loss of several live., taking place in the extensive range of premise. belonging to Mr. William Cassell, a tobacconist and dealer in British wines, situate at No. 39 in the above-named street. The discovery was made by police-officer W. Betcher, No. 8g of the R division, by perceiving smoke pouring forth from the lower windows. The officer at once sounded an alarent and after considerable difficulty he succeeded in arousing the inmates, but before he could accomplish his object he was compelled to force the front door. Fortunately, the whole of the inmates managed to get out of the baek window, and thereby escaped horrible deaths. Tke origin of the fire is unknown. THE RISING OF THE NILE.—." The waters of the Nile,' says a letter from Cairo in the Annales du Commerce lA' terieur, " this year attained, for a fortnight only, the height necessary fur the inundation of the land, and the consequence is that large portions were not watered." On the other band, the accounts which have been re' ceived from Upper and Lower Egypt on the state of the inundations are satisfactory. In Central Egypt, and par. ticularly in the district o f C a i ro, f ears are en tertained for the crops, but many of the farmers hope that as the river is very uncertain in its movements, it may rise still more, The crop of maize is secure from all danger. M. Coste, member of the French Institute, and so well known Lr his experiments relative t° pisciculture, has just left Perth, in Scotland, i° which country be has been sent by the Emperor Napa' leon to inquire into the state of the salmon and trout fisheries. The l earne d gen tl eman has visited the diffe rent streams in that part of the country and paid on the Id special attention to the establishment at Stormont-field, Tay, for the artificial production of fish.. M. Coate also during his i iof ts then t. a l 3:, made m th in e u l t eg i e sl n a ci t u i• ir e ie e s na i o n t t m o enactments relative to the berseendatde ry in s g tav o te f e s o almon in Scotland a n d th e i r preservation. The old soldiers of the first regiment residing at o s Fontainebleau, who have received the medal of St. Helena, about 160 in number, lately raised a sub• scription for having a mass celebrated for the repose of the soul of Napoleon 1., and a "Te Deum " as an expression of gratitude for the receipt of the medal. The mass and the " To Deum " were performed at the parish church on Saturday, the cure officiating. Gee. Husson, senator, who wears the medal, the sub•prefect, the civil and military authorities of the town, and a deputation of the garrison were present. After the sere vice, the old soldiers went to the Hotel de Ville, and there, on the proposition of General Hueson, resolved to raise a fund fur the relief of such medallists belonging to the department as might fall into distress. SHAKSPERE A MILITIAMAN.—The name "William F Sh of a trt e e r cr :ooldccieurrsa—in t i r a t, certificateinea n,imilitia, i ao,f we should names now and a a r c ni l s i them—in the hundred of Barlichway, in the county of r Warwick—under the hand of Sir Fulk Greville (" Friend to Sir Phillip Sydney"), Sir Edward Greville and Thomas Spencer. Was our William Shakopere * soldier ? Why not? Johnson was a soldier, and had elain ' his man. Donne had served in the Low Countries ? Why not Shakepere in arms ! At all events hero is a field for inquiry and speculation. The date is Sept. 22, 1605, the year of the Gunpowder Plot, and the lists were possibly prepared through instructions issued by Cecil in cease' quence of Secret information as to the working of the plot in Warwickshire—the proposed head.quarters of the insurrection.—aatc PaperJ, edited by At ary Anne Everett Green. THR MINERAL WEALTH OF ENGLAND.—When we re' Elect on the fact that British miners have been searching our native rocks for metalliferous minerals since the days when the merchauts of Tyre supplied the ancient world, and that we are now drawing from the earth annually metals alone which have a market value of 20,434,2701., we cannot but be struck with the enormous amount of mineral wealth which has been stored in the rocks of these " far islands of the West." From the " Records of Mining Metallurgy" we learn that coal has been worked eines , 1234 in Northumberland; but at that period the quantity of fossil fuel raised must have been very small. In the re port of the committee of the House of Commons the cow suinption of coal in Great Britain iu 1827 is stated as 22,700,000 tons ; in 1856, accordino to the " Mineral Statistics," it had increased to 66,645,450 tons. The coalfields of the u n it e d kingdom have been estimated to contain an area of 12,000 square miles, and various are the estimates which have been made to determine the time required to exhaust them. Little reliance can, we suspect, be placed upon any o! these computations ; but one thing is certain, the coal beds of Great Britain are not inexhaustible, and with a falling off in the supply c ' t fuel the staple manufactures of the country must decline and England ruu,t sink from her high estate to the posi tion of a third or fourth rate State among the nations. Nearly 6 7,000,000 tons of coals are now raised from our collieries, which in 1856 numbered 2,829, and in every part of the country the price of coals is advaLcins.; France is opening her ports to receive British cool Denmark, Prussia, Italy, and Russia are our customers .e _ , for both coals and coke. Egypt and the East Indies, the United States of America, Chili, Brazil, and China, are regularly receiving our fuel in quantities Y OOO tong, — ea ii ci t i i, c e o n u ct o u t n r t y . annually from 33,000 tons to 2vsaor