The Sun. — London, England, 1847-11-19 00:00:00

link the offe.i. Per sibs. to si s. (1. to s. 5. d. s. d. Inferior Bouts—. 3 2 3 8 second quality ditto 4 4 4 6 '.eond quality •••3 10 4 0 Coqrse-woolledditto 4 8 5 0 ?Ante large Oxen.. 4 2 4 0 !;.);Itlidown Wethcr 5 2 5 4 itiine Scots ...• •4 8 410 Ditto ~u t. of the wool Large coarse Calves 4 0 4 6 large .11o,;s ...... 4 0 4 6 Prirne small ditto .• 4 8 5 0 Small Potters .... 4 8 5 2 Suckling Calves ..20 0 29 0 quarter old Pigs ..18 0 26 0 Inferior Sheep • .3 10 4 2 Lambs 0 0 0 0 ZeTMIXTGATE AND xasztprimas.l.L. These markets were very firm, to day, and the general ( Notations had an upward tendency. • At per stone by the Carcase. Bepf S. d. to s. d. s. to s. d. -- -••nfer10r...... 210 3 2 Mutton, inferior .. 3 6 3 8 ""--- Middling •• 3 4 3 6 middling.. 310 4 2 }rime large .• 3 8 310 prime 4 4 4 8 prime small .• 4 0 4 2 Pork, large-- 4 0 4 8 eal. '” ••••••• • • • 3 10 410 - small ........ 41U 5 2 Lamb. Os Od to Os Od. BOROUGH HOP WEARMMT. For all descriptions of new Hops, the demand has fallen off this week, and, to effect sales, lower rates have been again submitted to by the tJAlers. The supply an offer considerably exceeds the wants of the brewers, ho purchase only for immediate us”. Old and Year ling Bops may be had at unusually low rates, but there are no buyers for them. New Hops. Per cwt. Sussex pockets Weald of Kent ditto Mid and East Kent ditto 3/ to 5/ 12s COLONIAL. FIZIGAR.—The market for all descriptions has been dull this week, and prices have ruled more in favour of the buyers. Barbadoes by auction has realised 44s to 45s 6d for fine yel'ow, and 39s to 41s 6d for mid. REFINED. Standard Lumps have been at 54s to 34s 6d per cwt. BAST INDIA.-2,846 bags Bengal only partly sold at. rather lower prices. Low and mid white Benares 41s 6d to 42sa 6d, and low strong yellow 33s to 34s per cwt. Mid- and good sound white B, , nares was taken in at 43s to 44s 6d per cwt. ; 2 301 bags Mauritius went at lower rates ; low brown 28s to 29s ; fine 32s to 335. and low yellow 33s 6d to 343 6d per cwt. Manilla, 8,285 bags brought 37s 61 to 39s Gd per cwt for low and mid, brown. Java, 3,052 bags partly sold, damp and washed grey and yellow at 40s to 443, and brown at 36) 61 to 39s 6d per cwt. FOREIGN.—Porto Rico has been sold at 41s to 45s for mid to good bright yellow, and at 39s to 40s 6d for low. MoLassEs.—P or t o R' co part l y found buyers at 18s, and Rio was taken in at 15s. COFFEE. —Jamaica has been sold at 24s to 53s Gd, b ut Ceylon has attracted chief attention. Fine ordinary has been at 48s to 493, and there have been sales in other q ua li t i es at from 343 to 495. and up to 70s per t. La Guayra has been taken in at 60s, Porto Rico has been:sold at 29s .61 to 30s, and Costa Rica has realised is to 2s advance, ord being at 295, and pea berry at . perr , 40s 6;l' to 49 3 p er cwt. G oo d green i sh Mocha nas been mostly taken in at 56s to 57s per cwt. r 4 cE , —Good w hi te B om b ay so ld at 13s 6d to 143 per Not much l!as been done in the article. S ALTPETRE.—Mid strong grey eight per c en t refrac glen has been sold at 30s per cwt. COTTO N —T his article is influenced mainly by the nectuation at Liverpool. e_ T EA--At the public sales of 4,600 packages, only 1 Tut 1,600 found buyers, and at about the previous s. The arrivals are increasing. TALLOW.—P.Y.C. is 44s 6il to 45s per cwt on the spot . CH ANCERY. —(THIS DAY.) ~..The L or d C hancellor did not sit in his court at we stminster to-day. VICE-C IIANCERV.—(TIIIS DAY.) I lis Honour the Vice-Chancellor of England w: w OCc upied th e whole morning with unopposed eau _ etiti t o ns, short causes, and 0f cause petitions, none hinn possessed any fc atures of int:l-est. BAIL COURT.—(THIS DAY.) (Befor e Mr. Justice PATTESON.) MISCONDUCT OF A SOLICITOR. WthieMr. WHATELEy, Q.C., applied t o the Court for a osenisi, callirg Per. name he ' did not mention, nor the name of the why on whose behalf he moved, to show cause W,,..': 3 ' hia name should not be struck off the rolls for alenilduct. The person on whose behalf he moved a larsPeeulated largely, and being desirous of raising e „, Re sum of money upon the security of scrip, se'l'asted his attorney, first with 690, and afterwards . 2 shares, in the North Staffordshire Railway, in order he might obtain for him the necessary Auto the . and funds value of the first being at the time 3,024_/., b:„-- ail second 868/. He stipulated that he should 41n'.4'lowed to redeem the whole of them, but on in 11:Ytihe found that the had been sold a consider -414._ Ille before, and could not now be obtained. 1507 ether the attorney had not accounted for about hi ', and had besides commenced actions against ;., hint for bills of exchange, which were givenduring en,. transaction, and for costs. The matter was _- Tho r" to arbitration, but no result took place, al anongh the defendant had sought an adjournment, besid es to pay the costs of the day, and 101. es --Rule granted. StCONDARIES. (THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Secondary JAMES.) This Was NORTO N V. MICHAEL. th e b 1 an action to recover the sum of 8/. Os. Gd., TO anee off an attorney's bill. the the nff is an attorney in Jewin-street, and d efe °l 9 s hrl was for professional labour in obtaining the in aclant's discharge from custody, and assisting him .ips:ing through the Insolvent Court. ti the retainer on the part of the defendant was dis '"Y Prover and the only question was as to a mount. Th ey h - 1 he original bills amounted to 131. 155.2 d. had been court , taxed by the proper officer of ta d b( en ta l n eci " 0 0 1 one 14s. and on the other ls. 2d. ha The Jury ga ve " r Y ga_______ve a verdict for the amount claimed. ettRKENNVELL.—( Eck,„, r -L. THIS DAY.) 41 , 1r 8 s " uarnes was 4 charged with attempti ng t o ro b I r , - ..., rare Smith, the landlady of the Lord Nelson h ef t -' and wi t h committing a violent assault upon a w u iti appear that Mrs. Smith yesterday evening Wh en st r i ne act of crossing towards Woburn-square, Whoa t e ! . 'it some Person handling her dress, and raised urnlng round, sa w the prisoner with it partly Wh en 1 1 1 1 3 - She immediltely seized him by the collar, e str her t o nggled Violently to get away, but finding. he `peen resolute for him, he caught her forefinger co" his teeth, bit it in a most savage manner, and comb Wed to "hold on" until a gentleman came up, W as :.Y Half throttling- him, made him let go, when he itniandt,cl over to a constable. Air e , 13 4-, is oner said he was a respectable person. itetuttii Tawflivr said, as no property had been itssatiltY ski"' he should treat the case as one of te nen ~ and fine the t w prison er 51., or, in defa u lt, son v nitn to be imprison e dn o d, with hard labour, for t wo ° laon ths. The. AMBETII.—(TIIIS DAY.) te r4a ca.se of tip, youn g man, Ireerd, wh o was yes . ti guard tin d • 3 ' leolanded on th e charge of stealing a watch C 4, iNi4 gave' into, the prop er t y of his grandfather was . , and, a f ter some further evidence of r pira.al rticular im p o rtance, he w as f ully committed l . f or 8 M aster joi ne d with his mother in an application L ik 8 Summary punishmr , nt, the former offering to hi, e him back into his service, so strong was ,tti. .ennfidenc in his honesty. They believed his yo'4ll.lent, that he only stole the watch through re fithhgeer.for supposed ill -usage on he, the part of his grand ). M r. NORTON said it was a fearful thing that he i, 84°4 1(1 have allowed the girl Mary Ann Turpin to be btlnished for the crime of which he was guilty. 17her,„erhaps, also, whatever his character might be in gullDlNrespects, and whatever reparation he might shown a disposition to make, by confessing his sh own it would be better for himself that he should b 4 ive a severe check in the indulgence of his re .ekeful spirit. Th e te „ depositions were forwarded by Mr. Norton iii, Secretary of State, in order to the immediate ‘Jerstiort of Mary Ann Turpin. I'v r , 0 ea TWENTY OTMP ED AND GRATUITOUS SUPPLEMENTS tliS COLUMNS IN SUCCESSION.—rh ObsetlFehr RtittnUday, Nov. 21, and Sunday, Nov. 28, will putt? theis 064:rit°14 half -sheet stamped a a l ewer and supplement, supplements.Sixpenc.Thre Pricescaorcely t'47bouse, i nstitution, library, or news-room, in all In r r, and, Scotland, Ireland, the contment, t E ta a k st e a n n i d n, W ardt f4r.:!, &e., in which the Observer is no s ve (4, tliently duplicate copies. The concludes at ten exten i publication '''l n e , (A server commences at six and cone 06:it on Sunday morning. A Monday reR-tieirber, best adapted for the country edition of the A "Y Published at four o'clock on Mondayand abroad,afternoon. .11,1-`tiiNeeting of P rotectionist Peers and Lord George t k„..dtrient, supporters of Lord Stanley and at 0, Members of 1144141 z, we i to have been held yesterday morning, e At ~t hc el l il la 4 „ n i° ll of Laid Stanley ia St. James-square. At lwa,,-,:ir aPPointed for the conference (twelve _ n in. ii ita t i f\ - ' of fifty gentlemen were in attendance. A attttak-4,.svas, however, made that, owing to a sudden 4 11 e O' gout, Lord Stanley was unable to be present. Ilvellille",ting was then adjourned until Monday next, at stli fit ,„ 0 ekek, in the hope that the Noble Lord will b Knowsley -park. vl:ntly recovered to remove froro cle4 rit he n,av is. It is not the intention to for Monday, nli i t i ,`' Proposition to the rneetine convened tor ~ Atipi ', 51together matter of sp , culation what measures per are prepared to recommend for the approval of 4 ' ta lle nt- The object of the conference will therefore !'pli, c,n.ider the propriety of neither individually or 11 inetl4lY "PPo , if , g the Government, until the country ten Itlessession of the outline of the measures they in ./.0:: recommend in the ensuing session of Parliament. Ztlij4 ING or SPANISH BONDHOLDERS. --- The tr, 34t, butch advocate Mr. Keyzer, accompanied by aril, :, Wertheim, a wealthy merchant of Amsterdiltn, N f r-, e t g is in tovvn on Wednesday evening, as a deputation ti:cit„'-' mice of the I).!•P''t }I , ,IdPrF of Spanish i tlitt:' t'h be Present (by invitati, , n of the London corn -11, I, ) ' - '') at the ineetinq of the Spanish hondhold,rs to be 4 41 7 1 4 t the London Tavcrn this day. Both gentle 4 44 v- f:r some time pas, ~,,,,,, 3 ,, ,1 , 1zi , .u.,: : - exemed lo b tent and influence to further the interests of the 4 neglected creditors of Spain. HAYMARTiET THEATRE A new five act comedy, from the pen of Mr. Sulli ' van, was produced here last evening, with com pl e t e success. It is entitled Family Pride, and turns upon the adventures of the family of Mrs. Wil loughby Courtenay (Mrs. W. Clitfurd), a lady who lives in a gloomy old house in the country, solemn, stately, and unsociable, as an o ld l a d y s h ou ld live, whose ancestors were people of family before they came over with the Conqueror. With her reside her second son Arthur (Mr. H. Farren), an awkward, ignorant, hobble• de-hov, and his tutor, Dr. Dodge (Mr. W. Ferrer)), an adept in the mysteries of hunt ing, shooting, fishing, vermin-trapping, and poacher catching—in everything, in fact, save and ex cept the Litterce humaniorts. sear this solemn and stately family, Mr. Chapman (Tilbury), a millionaire manufacturer has established his domicile; his family party consisting of his daughter Sophia (Mrs. Nisbett) and his niece Letitia Bradley (Miss Reynolds), who is engaged to a certain Irish captain Shangenah (Hudson). The haughty Mrs. Wil loughby Courtenay, who had at first held herself aloof from the Chapman;., finds it to her interest to invite them to her house, on the eve of a general election, at which her eldest son is a e f ;i l . d idate for the county, taking care, however, to send Arthur out of the way previous to their arrival, lest the charms of Sophia Chapman should make him forget family pride, and cause him to brave all the horrible consequences of a mesalliance. Judge of the horror of Mrs. 'Willoughby Courtenay when she hears from Sophia Chapman's own lips, not only that she is perfectly acquainted with Arthur Courte nay, but that Arthur has long been in the habit of visiting at her father's house, has frequently accom panied her in her riding excursions, and is at that moment in th e h ouse, having himself assisted her off her horse. The surprise of the stately dame is, however, quite equalled by that of the young girl, when she learns that all these visits on the part of Arthur have been without the mother's knowledge or consent; and when she also learns from her that " family pride" for ever • forbids anything like an alliance between persons who are of family and those who are not, except upon conditions which are at once degrading and insulting to those who seek to enter the exclusive circle of the aristocracy. Arthur, who is ignorant of all that has passed between his mother and his lady-love, enters and formally proposes to Sophia Chapman. His suit is of course rejected, and then the " family pride" breaks out again. The descendant of Reginald de Courtenay, who came over with the Conqueror, to be rejected, and rejected, too, by a girl without a grandfather !—who could support such degredation ? He finds comfort in his affliction, however, from the 'advice of Dr. Dodge, who has all along been endeavouring to bring the match about, and who has conveyed information to Arthur of Sophia's visit to the mansion of the Courtenays, and commissioned Letitia Bradley and the Captain to endeavour to bring round Sophia to a reconciliation. Their mission is, however, ineffec tual; old Chapman arrives just at the moment that Sophia has for the second time rejected Arthur, and in a fit of desperation he proposes to old Chapman to marry his niece. Old Chapman informs Mrs. Courtenay of this proposal, and the indignant matron, accompanied by Chapman, bursts into the room just as Arthur, Dodge, Sophia, Letitia, and the Captain are assembled, and as Letitia is taunting Arthur with his conduct in keeping his visits a secret from his mother. This is the scene of the play—all the cha racters are on the stage, and all are interested in the scene. Mr. Willoughby Courtenay is indignant with Arthur for having dared to dream of such a mesalliance and with Sophia for having dared to rej,ct a Courtenay, while Chapman, his danghter, and his niece are outrageous, and with reason, at the insult offered to them by Arthur in thus proposing at the same time for both the young ladies, and the Captain coolly threatens to call him out for seeking to supplant him in the affections of Letitia. It is a capital scene, and was capitally acted, and the author should, from this point, have hastened on his denouement with all speed ; but, alas! instead of a smart, lively comedy in three acts, some demon whispered in his ear, five ! and we have, accordingly, two acts of heavy taihee, talkee, before the lovers are made happy, and the de nouement is brought about by all parties announcing that they have been hasty in determining to re fuse, while Mrs. Willougby Courtenay determines to be hasty in proposing, and actually does propose, for Dr. Dodge, and is of course accepted. There is an underplot of servants well acted by Mrs. Humby, Brindal, and Clark. The Arthur of Mr. Henry Far ren is by far the best thing he has done yet. He acts the awkward, ungainly, timid, yet proud and high-spirited youth of family to the life. There is nothing vulgar or boorish about his awkwardness—it is the awkwardness of a young gentleman whose education has been neg lected, and who wants refinement, but who has been used to the best country society. There was a warm• hearted raciness about his delineation of the cha• ratter which left nothing to desire. Mr. W. Far ren's acting of Dodge was perfect, and Mrs. Nisbett as the interesting, well-bred, witty Sophia, was delightful. Mrs. W. Clifford was as stiff, stately, and dignified as the ancestor who lived before the conquest could him self have desired, and Miss Reynolds and Hudson made a great deal of two very insignificant parts. The comedy was announced for repetition every evening amidst the loud applause of a crowded house, and the author, who was called for, bowed his acknowledgments from a private box. LITERATURE. BO UN' SANT IQ U.-1R lAN Ll a 1124 SaxonEcc astical Hitory of England, and Anglo Chronicle. By the Veneralle Bede. IV, , Translated 1; om the French of rtlern A nt i qu i ties. AI. Mallet, by Bishop ef.Englnd. By William Encouraged by the dist . i . 0 ./ f )e.; ( . 17 - nie e sb h r i o ry n . icle of the Kings Library, Mr. Bohn has adven tured and deserved suc tcuers,sdofuphoins a S n t o w t i h d e a r r in i d yet more laudable enterprise, namely, the puti',ication in a cheap and popular, yet valuable and compact, form of a library, such as must be prized by all antiquaries. The costliness hitherto Peculiar to such works renders the attempt the more worthy of commendation, and the more entitled to encouragement. The works already issued as the preliminary portion of the series are of sufficient eminence to command the attention of such as are not professionally antiquaries. Foremost among these are the historical composition of the most reverent of our native historians —the Monk of the Jarrow —the Venerable Bede. His " Ecclesiastical History of England," and his " Anglo-Saxon Chronicle,' are here compressed into a single vo),ume—a volume worth its i,s eight in gold. Next a'Aleared the inva luable researches of M. Malle,"6 into " Northern 1.,-,kangtelquoiftießs,ls' Bishop to re s r p e e y a ,s k a,,s, explicitly as the title ranslation, " Into the 1 Manners, Customs, Rel;gion, and Laws, Maritime Expeditions and Disco',eries, Language and Litera ture of the Ancient Scandinavians (Danes, Swedes, Norwegians, and Icelanders), with Incidental No tices of our Saxon Ancestors." In these researches, M. Mallet delved into the very core of the mysteries and difficulties of antiquarianism ; and. for this reason his labours are appropriately chronicled at the very outset of the Antiquarian Library. Of the " Chro nicles of William of Malnresbury," we need say nothing more than that it is one of those crocks of historic gold from whie:n Hume, and Lingard, and Rapin have roked such treasures. As far as the ' Antiquarian Library has yet proceeded it deserves 1 every laudatory consideration, and if continued with the same skill in selection will command success. as a g t en s t h l e e i m ie a y n ,s , who told to not him to get wh a t h e cou ld f or th em , —at all events to distribute them. Inquiry was made of it he wont to return the visit, and kindly acquaint anceship t c e h r t o a m i n e ; the bu t t ru w t h h e o n f h the does st o ry. H e w thus arose. The Shelleys--husband and wife —were then Pythagoreans. Shelley spoke as a man be lieving in the met empsychosis —and they did not eat animal food. They seem however to have tolerated it; for on one occasion a fowl was murdered for our friend's dinner. Of the first Mrs. Selley, the recollection of our friend is faint, but is of an amiable and unaffected per son —very young and v ery p l eas i ng —and she and S he l ley seemed much attached. This affection seems to have I p e r f e t s l e r r e v i e a d n d, a doubtful find a life for lettersome dated lit August, tl e whil e i lte su rt they n which he says—' I am a young man, not of age, and have been married for a year to a woman younger than myself. Love seems inclined to stay in the prison, and my only reason for putting him in chains, whilst con vinced of the unholiness of the act, was a knowledge that in the present state of society, if love is not thus villan ously treated, she who is most loved will be treated worst by a misjudging world.' His theoretical objections to marriage existed even before he had contracted that engagement with his first wife. It had been preached by him in Queen blab. ' H e h a d l earned the d octr i ne, he says, before, but it was confirmed by a work of Sir Shelley' s I r i s h James Lawren ce , entitled The Empire of the Nairs.' pamphlet was not very likely to be po pular among the Irish. He said to them that their reli gion —the Roman Catholic--had been a bad thing in long ago times. The Inquisition, he writes, ' was set up, and in the course of one year thirty thousand people were burnt in Italy and Spain, for entertaining different opinions from those of the Pope and the priests. The bigoted monks of France in one night massacred 80,000 Protestants. This was done under the authority of the Pope. The vices of the monks and the nuns in their convents were in those times shameful; people thought that they might commit any sin, however monstrous, if they had money enough to prevail on the priests to ab solve them.' S uc h was the opening of Shelley's pacific discourse—to a people not likely to admit any of his facts. The Iri s h are a credulous and yet an unbelieving people. Like b e tt er educated people, and in a more ad vanced state of s oc i e t y, t h ey believe just what they like; and it is not to be expected that they should give any assent whatever to Shelley's propositions. Your true Irishman will not even believe that a murder has been committed till some person is executed, and then it is the man who is hanged that he regards as murdered. Some teach you that others are heretics, that you alone are right. * * * Beware, my friends, how you trust those who speak in this way; they will, I doubt not, at tempt to rescue you from your present miserable state— but they will prepare a worse. It will be out of the frying-pan into the fire.' Your present oppressors, it is true, will then oppress you no longer, but you will feel the lash of a master a thousand times more bloodthirsty and cruel. Evil, designing men will spring up who will prevent you from thinking as you please—will burn you, if you do not think as they do.' He then prophesies Catholic Emancipation, but tells them to take 'great care that whilst one tyranny is destroyed another more fierce and terrible does not spring up. Take care, then, o f smooth-faced impostors, who talk indeed of freedom, but would cheat you into slavery. Can there be worse slavery than the depending for the safety of your soul on the will o f anot h er man ? * * * Oh! Ireland, thou emerald of the ocean, whose sons are generous and brave, whose daughters are honourable, and frank and fair, thou art the isle in whose green shores I have de sired to see the standard of liberty erected —a flag of fire, a beacon at which the world shall light the torch o! freedom!' " The question of toleration is then discussed. Belief he regards as involuntary:—' We cannot believe just what we like, but only what we think to be true;" It is not a merit to tolerate, but it is a crime to be into lerant;' An Act passed in the British Parliament to take away the rights of Catholics to act in that assem bly does not really take them away: it prevents them from doing it by force;' Oh! Irishmen, lam interested in your cause, and it is not because you are Irishmen or Roman Catholics that I fell with yuu or feel for you— but because you are men and sufferers. Were Ireland at this moment peopled with Brahmins, this very s. ane address would have been suggested by the very same state of mind. You have suffered not merely for your religion, but some other causes which I am equally de sirous of remedyi ng . Th e un i on o f En g l an d w i th Ire land has withd rawn th e P ro te s t an t ar i s t ocracy and gentry from their native country, and with them their friends and connexions. Their resources are taken from this country, though they are dissipated in another. The very poor people are most nefariously oppressed by the weight of the burd en w hi c h th e su p erior c l asses lay upon their sh ou ld ers . l am no l ess d es i rous f or the re form of these evils (with many others) than for the Ca tholic emancipation.' "He assumes that those whom he addresses are agreed with him on the general object, but that he and they may differ as to the means of effecting it. `lf you are convinced of the truth of your cause, trust wholly to its truth; if you are not convinced, give it up; in no case employ violence.' He tells them to think and talk and discuss." Be free and be happy, but first be wise and good.' He tells them of the failure of the French Re volution, because violence was employed by the people. The cause which they vindicated was that of truth, but they gave it the appearance of a lie.' He tells them that ' rebellion can never, under any circumstances, be good for their cause. It will bind you more closely to the work of the oppressor, and your children's children, whilst they talk of your exploits, will feel that you have done them injury instead of benefit.' lie advises so briety, diligence in their respective callings, the educa tion of themselves and their children, the avoidance of meeting in mobs:—' Before the restrains of government are lessened, it is fit that we should lessen the necessity for them. Before government is done away with, we must reform ourselves.' * * * In order to benefit yourselves and your country to any extent, habits of so briety, regularity, and thought, aro previously so neces sary, that without these preliminaries all you have done falls to the ground. You have built on sand. Secure a good foundation, and you may erect a fabric to stand for ever as the glory and the envy of the world.' " In his pamphlet, a distinct plan is proposed to aid in carrying out the projects of Emancipation and Repeal of the Union." We are rejoiced at being enabled to transcribe into our columns this new curiosity of literature. THE NORTH BRITISH REVIEW. No. XV: There is no inconsiderable misrepresentation in the opening paper upon " Lord Lindsay's Christian Art," with reference to the ecclesiastical obstructions raised against the advancement of science. It is unneces sary, however, to do more than remark incidentally that Christianity promoted the study of the Aristo telian philosophy until the inductive system was established, and that thereupon its patronage was transferred. Those who are peculiarly interested in the position and characteristics of the University of Oxford will find food for c ontemplation in the second article, together with an indecisive promise of a sub sequent paper on Cambridge. We are rejoiced to see the social grievances connected with the collieries re vived in the third contribution, being an intelligent chapter upon the wants of "Our Alining Population." From the concluding paragraph of this dissertation we transcribe a very earnest panegyric upon Lord Ashley. "W e k now of no situation," says the re viewer, " which a good man would be more disposed to envy than that which Lord Ashley occupies in this country at the present moment. With a character spotless and unblemished, which ennobles his rank, and sheds a lustre around his name—devoting the whole energies of his mind, not to purposes of per sonal aggrandizement, but to elevate immense masses of his fellow-creatures from a state of degradation and misery to a state of happiness and enjoyment— standing apart from all political parties, yet to a great extent possessing the confidence of all—Lord Ashley occupies a position as responsible as it is dig nified and honourable. Before him there is a vast field, which he is well qualified to cultivate, and which promises a rich harvest. He has our prayers for his success. We bid him Godspeed. It is possible he may not get full credit for his labours now ; posterity will do him justice. In the end he shall have his reward." The Noble Lord the representative of Bath has now a securer footing and a wider field for the develop ment of his philanthropic aspirations—free trade being recognised, the Ten Hours Bill triumphant, and himself restored to his seat in Parliament "The Abuses of Trial by Jury" are next assailed, and with sufficient reason. "'Wilson's Lands of the Bible " has afforded the text for a most interesting paper on Palestine, half theological, half geographical. " Bun. sen's Church of the Future, and the " Medasval History of Italy," are both decidedly theologic, and occasionally controversial in tone, and for that reason will not be unattractive to the majority of English readers. The retrospect of" Sir James Clark Ross's Expedition of Discovery to the Antarctic Region" is immeasurably more to our taste, and a not unworthy commemoration of the voyage of that dis tinguished navigator. The pension of 1501. per annum, recently bestowed upon Sir James Ross, is but a fractional portion of the recompense to which he is eminently entitled by his services. Altogether the most attractive contribution to the November quarter is, however, the critical paper on "The Life and Writings of Percy Bysshe Shelley ;" it is at tractive in composition and attractive in title. The principal object of the reviewer is manifestly to pro nounce an emphatic condemnation on the memoir of " the poet of poets," by Captain Thomas Medwin. This intention he has fulfilled, we should imagine, to his heart's content. For, besides other very contemptuous remarks, the paper closes with an allusion to Captain Modwin's " unreadable and presumptuous work." As far, however, as biography is concerned, the article written by the North British Reviewer is quite as fully entitled to dispraise ; for it is painfully super ficial, distressingly straggled, marvellously self-suffi cient, pert, malapert, and incomplete. Although in the ostentatious list of authorities prefixed to this paper there is especial mention of the " Gallery of Literary Portraits," by George Gilfillan, there is not in the article, from first to last, one mention of Mr. Gilfillan, or one reference to his most eloquent and glowing portraiture of Shelley. The writer, indeed, evidently commenced with a determination to give a biography scrupulously accurate and punctiliously detailed ; as he proceeded his enthusiasm abated, and at the conclusion of his notice he scrambles off with a few loose and interjectional sentences. This, to our thinking, is totally and positively un pardonable, and with a theme so enthralling is utterly incomprehensible. He tells us, for example, the fol. rowing facts with the nicest possible amount of ex actitude :—that Percy Bysshe Shelley was born at Field place an the 4th of August, 1792 ; that he first went to an academy called Sion House, at Brentford, thence for two years he proceeded to Eton, and in 1810 removed to University College, Oxford; that on the following y ear h e was expe ll e d for printing arid distributing a blasphemous tract or syllabus en titled " The Necessity of Atheism ;" that in the August of 1811 he married, at Gretna Green, a girl whom he had carried off from a London boarding school, he being then only nineteen and she sixteen ; that he spent the honeymoon at Keswick, sailed thence for Cork, visited the lakes of Killarney, and proceeded to Dublin ; that after leaving Ireland he passed through the Isle of Man, through Radnorshire, and through Carnaervonshire ; that a separation took place in the spring of 1813 between himself and his wife, the latter dying two years after their separa tion; that in 1816 he married again, the daughter of Godwin being his bride; and here the paper, as a biography, may be said to terminate. Remembering the exquisite notes by Mrs. Shelley on her immortal husband's life, and remembering, too, the beautiful papers published by Mr. Hogg in the New Monthly Magazine several years back, describing the life of his companion at Oxford, we cannot regret this abbreviation. For, to all intents and purposes, it is a mere scrambling together of what had been already written elsewhere, and written immeasurably better. One portion only of the article is valuable, because it is curious. It refers to the political pamphlet written by Shelley when in Dublin. Here is the account tureished for the first time by the reviewer : " In Dr. Drummond's 'Life of Hamilton Rowan,' we are told in language which he quotes as Shelley's, that the poet selected Ireland as a theatre the widest and fairest for the operations of the determined friends of religious and political freedom.'—'ln pursuance of this design,' adds Dr. Drummond, he published a pamphlet, entitled,: An Address to the Irish People,' with an ad vertisement on the title-page, declaring it to be the author's intention to awaken in the minds of the Irish p u e o t r t h a c k e n v o i wl evils e o d f g t e h aotf state, their real and ss suggesting a g t e , s s t u i n m g m r a a r ti i o ly n a p l o m i n e t a i n n g s o of remedy.' He sent Hamilton Rowan some copies of h : mphlet, with a letter, from whi c h we quote a few tep words _ a THE LIEUTENANT- GOVERNORSHIP OF GUERNSEY. Major-General F. Napier, C. 8., the Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey, has resigned his appointment. Pius IX.—One day, as he was passing privately in one of the distant streets of the Transteverini, a con siderable crowd was assembled round an old man, stretched upon the ground, and beating his head against the pavement in strung convulsions. "Itis a Jew lit is a Jew !" cried the people, and, restrained by the accursed name, not one afforoed the poor man the least assistance. "Itis a man !" cried the Pope, descending from his carriage and pressing through the crowd ; "it is a suffering creature, who must be succoured !" and raising the pour Jew in his arms, he placed him in his carriage and conducted him to his home, where he re mained until his senses returned. The - same day he sent him his physician, and the following day one oC his secret chamberlains to make inquiries concerning him. So great is the veneration ot the Roman Jews for the Sovereign Pontiff, t. at it has been said they would accept him as the promised Messiah, whom they have so lung expected. It has been well observed ot him, that although he is not their God, Pius IX. is at least to them a second providence.—Anecdote of the Pope. AN EXTRAORDINARY DEATH UNDER A FALSE CHARGE.—Au inquest was held yesterday by Mr. Bed ford, at the Charing-cross hospital, as to the death of Henry Wilkinson, aged 40, an omnibus conductor. Mr. Hillier, of Ce - Jil-court, St. Martin's-lane, stated that on Sunday, as he was coming from Poplar in an omnibus, he noticed a cape on the back of the conductor which a friend of his by the name of Bent had missed some time before. He applied at Somerset House, and found no notice had been left of it there, and it was arranged that he and Mr. Bent should meet the omnibus at Ch tring cross. When the p-dice had been informed of the cir cumstance, witness and Mr. Bent got on the roof, and then they sa- the cape. Mr. Bent threatened to give the driver and conductor into custody. Mr. Bent, how • ever, having got his cape, they walked away, when the deceased (the conductor) staggered and fell, and had ap parently burst a blood vessel. Mr. George Bent, of 1, Great May's-buildings, who described himself as a gen tleman of property, gave the same account of the matter. Although he threatened to give him into custody, he did not do so, arid had offered 2s. 6d. to any one who would return the cape to Poplar. A solicitor, who attended for the widow, said he could prove that the charge was wholly unfounded, and that the deceased was not the conductor when the cape was lost. Hittengell, the coachman, said the cape was carried about in order to return it to Mr. Bent, as he had not left word where to leave it, and that neither he nor the deceased were on the omnibus when the cape was lost. A threat was made to give them both into custody on Tuesday, but the police would not take them. The deceased was dead when taken to the hospital, and from a subsequent ex amination it was evident it arose from aneurism of the aorta. The jury returned a verdict " That the deceased died from a rupture of an aneurism of the aorta, accele rated by excitement; and the jury are also unanimously of opinion teat the charge against the deceased was groundless." GOVERNMENT MEASURES FOR IRELAND.—It is said that it is not the intention of Ministers, in the en suing session, to p ropose any general measures of coercion for Ireland, but that the present military force will be considerably augmented and effectively disposed, so as to be made available in cases of emergency. The presence of a large military force in the disturbed dis• !riots will, it is thought, contribute to the greater security ::fe and property, without having recourse to more stringent measures.—Post. FINE ARTS. WINDSOR CASTLE. Painted by David Octavius Hill. Engraved by William Richardson. This noble picture —engraved by William Richard son from the original painting by David Octavius Hill, P.S.A.—is a magnificent representation of the lordliest palace in Christend om. I t has the dou b le merit of being a faithful sketch of the royal residence of her most gracious Majesty, and a superb work as a piece of artistic composition. The view is taken from the river, showing the north-west -aspect of the Castle, in the serene refulgence of a summer's evening. There is conveyed by the entire picture an impression at once of the pomp and domesticity of E ngland —her pomp in the gorgeous fane which has sheltered generations of her kings—her domesticity in the rural atmosphere in which it is enveloped. It constitutes, as it were the cenotaph of the anointed princes of Great Britain, and the type of the vastness and gran d eur o f t h e empire over which their sceptre has been predominant. As a work of art, the plate is eminently deserving of eulogium. The di s t r ib ution of lights and shades is managed with extraordinary skill ; the distances and depths of air are admirably expressed, and the warmth of tone diffu se d over the whole comp osition, from the dim and castellated architecture of the palace to the lavish foliag e of the trees, and the generous glitter of th e Th ames in the foreground, is beautifully in character with the memorable scene depicted. If anything mars the production, it is the profusion of the accessories, from the birds that are sailing high up among the rosy colours of the sunset, and the pleasure-hunters who are disporting them selves on the greensward, to the swans that are feed ing from the hand of the child in the excursion -boat, and the sailors who are lazily enjoying the undula tions of the river. This, however, can scarcely be regarded as a reasonable objection, as the profusion of exquisite adjuncts to such a structure is in a peculiar manner consonant with the glorious aspect and asso ciations of the original. THE SCOTCH NATIONAL MONUMENT.—In accord.. ance with the resolution of the directors and subscribers to the national monument, Calton-hill, the requisite Parliamentary notices hare been issued of an intended application to the Legislature for power to alter and enlarge the Act of Incorporation in several important particulars. It is intended to increase the capital stock of the association by the creation of new shares, and also to dispense with the original intention- of having a church and place of sepulture in connexion with the monument. In place of the original design it is pro posed to decorate the interior, as well as the exterior of the building, with sculpture illustrative of national achievements, and to adapt the interior for the reception of monumental busts and statues of distinguished men of all nations—the maintenance and repair of the monu ment to be upheld by the imposition of a sum for ad mission. QUEEN POMARE.—The Auxiliare Breton of Rennes, of the lath, has the following :—" Yesterday, the dili gence of the Messageries Royales brought to the Hotel de France twenty-one children, relations and servants of Queen Pomare, whom Admiral B ruet i s taken to Paris. When they had dined most of them were taken to walk about the town. One of them, who is decorated, and speaks a little more French than any of tho rest, said that Queen Pomare had sent them to be made acquainted with the King. They all took their departure this morning, with the Admiral, for Paris. The Earl of Auckland received a select circle to dinner last evening, at his official residence at the Admi ralty. The following were among his Lordship's guests ' The Duke of D evons hi re, Vi scoun t an d Viscountess Pal merston, Count Potocki, Sir Charles and Lady Mary Wood, Admiral and Lady E. Dundas, and Mr. C. Greville. " • Although an Englishman, I feel for Ireland; and I have left the country in which the accident of birth placed me, for the sole purpose of adding my little stock of usefulness to the fund which I hope Ireland possesses, to aid her in the unequal yet sacred combat in which she is engaged. In the course of a few days more I shall print another small pamphlet, which shall be sent to you. I have intentionally vulgarized the language of the enclosed. I have printed 1,500 copies, and am now distributing them throughout Dublin.' " In a letter written a month or two after, he speaks of being engaged in writing a history of Ireland, in con junction with some friend, and says, that two hundred and fifty pages of it were printed.' Who could his friend have been? we think it not improbable that it may have been Lawless—at that time, we believe, an active member of the Political Associations in Dublin. Captain Mcdwin quotes from Shelley language which, in ISI2, he was more likely to have taught O'Connell than to have learned from him. Like the C hereditary bondsmen,' and the ' first flower of the earth,' O'Connell made it his own by adoption. My principles incite me to take all the good I can g e t i n po li t i cs—for ever aspiring to something more. I am one of those whom nothing will fully satisfy, but who are ready to be par tially satisfied with whatever is practicable." " Shelley's pamphlet is before us. Medwin, it seems, searched in vain for a copy. Ours vas obtained through ara Irish friend of Shelley's, whose acquaintance with tho poet originated accidentally. A poor man offered the pamphlet tor n few pence —its price, stated on the title-page was fivepence. On being asked how he got it, he said a parcel of them were given him by a young A - NEW BANK AT SHIELDS....-It is the topic of conversation—how far it is trubeeinwge formedknowniont—shthiealtdsa joint-stock banking company is It is stared that Richard Shortridge Esq., the c hi e f . magistrate for the borough of South Shields, will be the managing director.—. Newcastle Advertiser. The Bight Honourable Sir George Grey was pre vented from dining with his colleagues at Lord John Russell's Cabinet dinner on Wednesday, having been invited to join the royal party at Windsor Castle. ELECTION OF A LEADING CIIARTIST AS TOWN COUNCILLOR —I3IRMINGHA3I, WEDDESDAY.—To-day a n elect,on took place in Lady Wood Ward, in this borough, for the eL ctiun of a town-councillor, in the room of one of the body who had recently retired, when Mr. John Collins, the well-known Chartist leader, was elected after a sharp contest. The Marquis of Clanricarde is expected to return to London from Paris early in the ensuing week. The Marchioness and Lady Emily de Burgh have come to town from visiting Viscount and Viscountess Sydney, at Frognal Lodge, Footscray. An earth qua k e was f e l t a t Fl orence at about four o'clock in the morning of the B th. Several persons were ay.akened by a decided oscillation of the earth, but it does not appear that any disaster was theri.thy caused. The weather had been beautifully fine for some days 2 fore, and warmer than it generally is at this season. • Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston have a grand dinner party to-morrow evening, at their residence in Carlton Gardens. Her Ladyship has sent out invitations for a soirée the same evening. The Duchess Dowager of Bedford and Lady Rachel Russell have arrived at Bedford Lodge, Campden-hill, from her Grace's seat in the Highlands. Lord and Lady Alexander Russell have just returned from Canada, where his Lordship has been on duty with hia regiment, the Rifle Brigade. The price of bread in Paris is now equal to 7d. per quartern, or about the same price that is ii9vr charged in London for bread of § similar quality. YT Nr, LON O N E T Vitl EVENIG., NOVEMBER 10, 1847. STATE OF THE NATION. BIRMINGHAM, THURSDAY.-It will be in the re collection of your readers, that at the late 'town meeting, held here to receive the report of the depu tation who had waited upon Lord John Russell, it was resolved, that, in consequence of the unsatisfac tory answer which had been given by his Lordship, that a memorial should .13. q, presented to the Queen setting forth the state of the country, and requesting her Majesty's interference. In compliance with the wish of the meeting, the following memorial has been prepared, and will be immediately forwarded to Lord Jan Russell for presentation : " To HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN. "THE MEMORIAL OF THE INHABITANTS OF THE BO ROUGH OF BIRMINGHAM. " May it please the Queen, " Your memorialists approach your Majesty with the expression of their loyalty and affection, and in full reliance upon your Majesty's anxiety for the wel fare of your people. " Your memorialists would represent to your Ma jesty that in consequence of the present unexampled and anomalous condition of the mercantile and trading interests, a large portion of your Majesty's subjects are at this time experiencing extreme suffering. " Your memorialists would draw your Majesty's attention to the fact, that a considerable number of mercantile houses of great wealth have been suddenly compelled to suspend their operations at a vast sacri fice of property, and to the manifest injury of the industrious classes, and of those dependent upon such houses in the general arrangements of business. No sufficient effort has, in the opinion of your memo rialists, yet been made to check this undeserved and unnecessary ruin of the mercantile interests ; and that such ruin is the consequence of no error on the part of those upon whom it has fallen, but that it has been caused mainly by the operation of a restrictive monetary system, which has compelled the banking institutions to withhold the usual and legitimate banking facilities on which all the mercantile and trading operations of the nation are immediately de pendent. " Your memorialists would further represent that the evils of a restrictive monetary system will un questionably be greatly aggravated now that the Legislature has abandoned that protective policy under which many interests in this country and in your Majesty's colonies had been called into existence and maintained in a state of prosperity. That the abandonment of this protective system was professedly adopted by the Legislature for the purpose of giving encouragement to the industry of your Majesty's subjects in the United Kingdom; but your memo rialists would respectfully draw your Majesty's atten tion to the fact, that the first consequence of this policy has been the destruction of many houses of high character and possessing ample resources, en gaged in the colonial trade ; and that the ruin of all Who are so engaged appears ;to be inevitable ; while the existing condition of your Majesty's subjects at home is a conclusive proof that they have as yet de rived no benefit from the changes to which your memorialists refer. " Your memorialists are prepared to admit that the principle of free-trade is in the abstract a sound principle ; but in bringing into operation new and extensive changes, attention should have been given to the state of the interests likely at once to.be affected, and to the character and influence of the monetary system of this country ; and your memo rialists unhesitatingly assure your Majesty, that to persevere in a free-trade policy, and at the same time to maintain the existing restrictions upon the credit and monetary arrangements of the trading and mer cantile classes, is a course calculated to endanger the best interests of all your Majesty's subjects. " Your memorialists would also represent, that in consequence of the total derangement of that credit currency, the efficient maintenance of which is essen tial to the well- being of the whole community, not only have the evils to which they have adverted been produced, but, as a necessary consequence, the de mand for lab our h as b een much diminished in the principal manufacturing districts of England, and that the operative population in those districts are now suffering extreme privations, and that their distress cannot fail to be greatly increased during the ap proaching winter. That the suspension of many of the railway works sanctioned by the Legislature, and affording employment and a comfortable subsistence to a vast number of your Majesty's subjects, has led to the discharge of a numerous body of railway labourers, who must either be thrown upon the al ready over-crowded labour market, or be compelled to seek parochial relief. Your memorialists observe with extreme satisfaction that the privations conse quent upon this general want of employment have hitherto been patiently borne by your Majesty's people ; but your memorialists would faithfully warn your Majesty that it will not be safe to anticipate that the peace and good order of society can be long maintained if the severe distress now experienced by all classes shall not be removed. " Your memorialists would further represent to your Majesty that there are no natural causes in operation in England to which the present fearful condition of so many of your people can be properly attributed. The blessing of an abundant harvest has been made a just cause of national thanksgiving; but your memorialists would draw your Majesty's atten tion to the fact, that this abundance yields no benefit to the unemployed and the destitute, and to the occu piers of the crowded workhouses. It is the steady and constant demand for labour and the means of keeping at work the willing labourer, that can alone secure general prosperity. These means, your memo rialists would respectfully represent, have hitherto been unjustly and arbitrarily withheld under the operation of a monetary system which is not calcu lated to foster and extend the industry of your people ; but which, while it benefits a small portion of your Majesty's subjects, is calculated to destroy the prosperity of the community at large. " For these reasons your memorialists feel it to be their duty earnestly to represent to your Majesty that it is absolutely necessary that remedial measures should be immediately determined upon and put into operation of a more extensive character than those at present recommended by your Majesty's Ministers, and better calculated to restore mercantile credit and confidence, and to afford the means of bringing again into employment that labour which is not only at this time unproductive, but a heavy burden upon the al ready over -taxed community. "In addition to the immediate and energetic mea sures which, in the opinion of your memorialists, can alone preserve the peace and good order of society, and relieve your people from that severe distress which they are now suffering, your memorialists would respectfully urge your Majesty to recommend the Parliament of the United Kingdom, without delay, to institute a complete and careful inquiry into the ope ration and consequences of the monetary system of this country, in order that, if the existing system shall be found to interfere with the well-being of your Majesty's people, and your memorialists have painful experience that it does so interfere, it may at once be brought to an end, and a system adopted in its stead which shall promote and maintain the substantial in terests of all classes of your Majesty's subjects. "Your memorialists, as faithful subjects of your Majesty, do not hesitate to declare to your Majesty that the real and e n d ur i ng i nterests of your Majesty's people have been and are still improperly neglected by your Majesty's advisers. Measures which, in the opinion of your memorialists, should claim the first at tention of the executive Government and of the Legisla ture have not received thatearnest consideration which their importance demanded ; and the arrangements of political parties and the possession of political in fluence have been the principal objects pursued by those in whose hands are placed the destinies of the nation. Your Majesty's advisers are unhappily chosen exclusively from a class of men who have no means of obtaining a practical knowledge of the condition of your people, and who are for the most part unable to form a sound opinion on questions affecting trade and commerce, and the employment of the population. Your memoralists would respectfully represent that your Majesty's advisers should give the most ready and careful attention to the representations of those parties on whom the employment and subsistence of immense numbers of your people depend. The fre quent representations of :these parties, your memo rialists are bound to state, have not on all occasions received their due weight ; and while the fatal effects of bad legislation have been strenuously denied, the sufferings of a much enduring people, in a country blessed by Providence with an abundance of blessings, have been unwisely attributed to the causes over which the Government had no control. Your memorialists are of opinion that the industry of your people, and the re sources ofyour country, are sufficient to secure the well being of all classes of the population ; and they indig nantly deny the assumption that frequent and general distress, arising from the want of employment, is the result of any natural causes. On the contrary, your memorialists assert that the sufferings of your people are mainly, if not entirely, to be attributed to those legislative measures which interfere with and control the production and distribution of those things which are necessary for the sustenance and comfort of the population ; and that the humiliating spectacle of wil ling labourers unable to obtain employment would never be exhibited were the artificial restrictions upon the trade and commerce and industry of the country to be removed. "On these grounds, your memorialists earnestly pray that your Majesty will take into consideration the condition of the population of the United King dom, and exercise your authority upon your Minis ters, in order that your suffering people may receive timely relief, and that the dangers to which society is at this time exposed may be averted. Your in . nl , l- rifilisti have had abundant proas d • uring yeus Majesty's reign that the welfare of your people is the object of your Majesty's earnest aspirations; and your memorialists, while appealing to you r Majesty on behalf of the unemployed and destitut 4 and on behalf of those who vainly offer their labor it for the means of subsistence, feel that they shall n at appeal in vain. ...n..................... N1M they are n ot allowed to be advocates they will be advisers, and the suitors will, instead of paying a solicitor, pay in the end a solicitor's fees to the officers of the court, plus retainers and refreshers in money and gin to the "agent" who kindly Emits his honorarium to the contents of his client's pocket — a limit which he sometimes ascertains by shaking the pocket to see that he has got all. We have once or twice expressed our scepticism as to the possibility of creating courts of cheap law, as it is popularly under stood. Of all things in the world law is depreciated the most as it gets cheaper, and especially the law ''ich is administered by- summary jurisdiction. The wi... defective, and must be Courts are founded on a Food principle, but Is Are seriously amended. tCand;retaj, " And your memori a li s t s w ill ever F. F ar for theprosperity of your Majesty's throne and king,Clom• SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURSA. LS - - - FROM THE MORNING PAP ERS OF THIS DAT. — POST.—A great discovery has been put forth iy ) the expounder of Mr. Jones Loyd's economical and monetary maxims. The country, we are assure .d, is living on its capital, consuming more than it pro duces, eating up its substance, anticipating the re sources of posterity, and drawing on the means and energies of future generations. If it were granted that this is so, it would be well to examine and dis tinctly ascertain the causes that lead to so anomalous a predicament in a nation possessing greater industrial skill and energy than any on ancient or modern record, and possessing, moreover, an unexampled ac cumulation of all the physical agencies and materials for keeping this skill and energy in productive motion. Let us point to only one or two of the reasons why, if we are not growing actually poorer, we are losing opportunities of making ourselves a great deal richer; and if these reasons become clear and self -apparent, they will furnish a key to many others, all converging to the same effect. There are now some hundreds of thousands of adult labourers out of employment in Great Britain, every one of whom, p en di ng t h e d uration of his idleness, is daily diminishing the quantity of wealth, or capital, or national means, accumulated in f ormer years by the industry of himself and others like him. • It matters not how the unemployed weaver, or carriage builder, or miner, or excavator lives, whether in the workhouse, the gaol, or the cheerless and fireless garret—whether on pillage, on the poor-rate, or on casual charity; eat he must while he has life, and his family, large or small, must do the same ; and while this process goes on, the consumers in the meantime not filling up by productive work the void their daily subsistence makes in the general stock of capital, the destruction of so much capital goes on uninterruptedly to the extent consumed by the idle masses of the po pulace. Here is one of the self-proven cases in which, with respect to very considerable classes of the people, the country, unquestionably, is trenching on its ac quired resources, and encroaching on the fund which ought to be , left for posterity. There is next to be considered the extraordinary fact, that the labour of these idle people is actually wanting at this moment, not for purposes of hypo thetical utility, but for occupations that would forthwith produce an increase in the riches of the nation. The master manufacturers of Manchester are also to a great extent living on ca pital, and not on profits, at this moment; mills stopped and workmen starving; and, simultaneously with this, the factory owner has in his counting house orders for large quantities of wrought articles, the execution of which would set mill and money in motion, throw money into circulation amongst small and large dealers, and bring to the factory master some little return of the profits to which his opera tions have been long a stranger. His orders are in his hands, but he cannot perform them, because governmental regulations have made the use of money so dear that, if he called into action, the extortionate price he must pay for the temporary accommodation would not only exceed his margin of profit, but leave a loss even snore ruinous than that which he sustains from the inactivity of his fixed capital and the ad ditional tax he has to pay for the support of the unemployed poor. Thus, in Manchester, and in other towns similarly circumstanced, there is a large body of persons, masters and operatives, who are not only subsisting by continuously diminishing the common fund of wealth, but are further precluded, by the definite operation of a particular law, from adding to, instead of decreas ing, this fund.- The product of labour, when there is a natural market, being always in excess of the consumption of the labourer, we are losing, besides the cost of the unemployed artizan's support, the whole difference between the amount of his food and clothing and the sale price of the commodities his in dustry could create. It is quite true that the machine power and the human labour of Manchester would, if kept in regular motion, produce much more than could find buyers in the markets now open to them. But that circumstance belongs to another and a different field of the argument. The immediate fact before us is, that there are buyers waiting for considerable quantities of goods, which the Manches ter man is able and anxious to manufacture for them, were his hands not tied up by a currency system that denies the use of those counters or symbols of value which are necessary, in the first place, to pass between him and the subordinate agents of production. Nothing would be more easy than to extend this illustration, by reference to the condition of innumerable other callings, whose produce public accommodation or public necessity demands, but which are kept motionless, and condemned to con sume, without producing, through the same unhappy influence we have referred to above. But we choose on this occasion to specify the case of the manufac turing interest in particular, because, unfortunately for themselves, many gentlemen connected with this interest have been amongst the conspicuous suppor ters of the circle of false commercial theorists to which the bullion system belongs, and which, we sincerely believe, are calculated to operate as injuriously upon themselves as upon any other section of the commu nity. We are not without hope that the bitter expe rience of these times will bring many of these men, who have differed from us most widely, to make themselves better acquainted with the principles which we have advocated, with a view to the welfare of our fellow-countrymen engaged in manufactures, quite as much as for the sake of any class whatever. We can assure them that, when they do so, they will see their way to a policy which will give no pretext for saying, truly or falsely, that, in time of profound peace, the country is forestalling its means, and eating up the resources that should be left as the heritage of posterity. HERALD.—One of the numerous eccentricities of the County Courts appeared a few days ago in a motion in the Exchequer for a writ of prohibition to stay certain proceedings in the County Court of Worcestershire. It appeared that the plaintiffs in 3,000 suits in this county court had supplied from time to time necessaries to labourers of the defen dants, who are railway contractors, until the debt amounted to a considerable sum. The debt, of course, as against the defendants, who had given but one order, was a single debt, and should have been sued for in some of the superior courts. Such, how ever, did not meet the views of some ingenious attor ney, who brought actions on each small account to the amount of 3,000, upon which actions the costs would amount to about 54,000/. This, we say, is one eccentricity of a court for the administration of cheap law. The Lord Chief Baron, on granting the rule applied for, might well remark, that if this prac tice obtained, the New County Courts' Act might be called an Act for the increasing of costs. The County Courts' Act is, like most:otherirecent pieces of legis lation, defective. The practice also which has sprung up under it is as yet frequently oppressive, encou raging unnecessary extortions, and is universally complained of. This is the proper time to point out these defects, that they may be remedied before the impregnable embankment of vested rights begins to grow up amid the errors and blunders of the system. Under the late regulation of paying the officials out of the fees, it is not remark able that the fees should have risen to the enormous sum to which it was found they had attained. A solicitor complains that on one occasion, in one of these courts, a second fee was demanded from his clerk for a rehearing, although the case had been postponed on the previous day by the act of the court ; and that again, in another case, where it had been attempted to ascertain from the clerk of the court, whether a summons had been served (as sum monses are served by an officer of the court), that functionary declined to say. When, however, the fee for a hearing had been paid, then it turned out that no summons whatever had been served. Under this fostering system, it i s no t as t on i s hi ng that fees o f court should marvellously i ncreas e. A great dea l was hoped at the creati on o f th ese tribunals, fro e m the supposition that person s we r e to make them the and in strumentsdefendant of a should mutual face to face, a n t h d e s p u l e a h i plaintiff should be made, as to time for payment, c., as would make the collection of debts more certain to the creditor and more easy to the debtor than it had ever eat o b f ee a n tto b rn ef eys before. wa U s nd d e is r eo t u h ra is g n ed otio th n at th t e he em en to i y u: in ments of the gentlemen of that profession might be deducted from the costs. The result, however, has been, that the fees likely to go to solicitors, and which do go to them in other courts, were in these courts, till lately, allotted to the officers, and are still paid by the suitors, any arrangement of the after-destination of the money notwithstanding. Another evil, however, and one not anticipated, has arisen from the discouragement of attorneys coupled with the keeping up of costs. The poor of 'England are not much gifted with the legal mind. A court of law to them is still a mysterious and awful place, and they naturally look for assistance from some person es t eemed to be learned in dealing with such tribunals. In the case of the County Courts the poor have fallen into the hands of those most infamous of all rogues, the " agents" taupdpersoaocfhetshosoef intdhieviducarlismihnaavle w who infest th e courts. ithdra Multi selves f rom criminal to civil practicewn thaez preferred th e fl eecing of ignorant suitors in the county courts to the robbing of the friends of pri soners. The envouragement of this class is the natural result of excluding from the practice men_ n over whom the con t ro l o f th e i r p ro fession exists. takel precautions which the judges of these co urts can will prevent the employment of these "a g ents." If COUR T CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, THURSDAY.—The Queen walked out this morning, accompanied by their Boyal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge and the frincess .slary, and his Se rene Hi g h ness Prince Frederic of Hesse. His Royal Highness Prince Albert enjeved the sport of shooting this forenoon, accompanied by his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, the Marquis of Anglesey, and Sir George Grey. His Royal High ness was attended by the Earl of Listowel, Lord Alfred Paget, and Captain the I - Jon. A. H.. Gordon, Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent paid a visit to the Queen to-day, from her residence, Frog more House, and partook of a dejeund with her Majesty and the royal circle. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince Alfred, the Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice, took walking and pony exercise this morning. Her Royal Highness the Princess Helena was taken an airing. The royal children took airings in the afternoon. The Hon. Miss Murray and the Hon. Miss Mac donald, Maids of Honour to the Queen, left the Castle to-day. In the afternoon her Majesty and her Royal Consort walked in the Castle pleasure grounds, accompanied by the Duchess of Cambridge and Princess Mary, and Prince Frederick of Hesse. The Rev, Dr. Phelps (Vice-Chancellor of Cam bridge) is expected to arrive at the Castle this evening on a visit to her Majesty. The royal dinner party at the Castle this evening will include her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess Mary, his Serene High ness Prince Frederic of Hesse, the Marquis of An glesey, Lady Fanny Howard, Baroness Hammerstein, Baroness de Speth, Lord and Lady Ashley, the Right Hon. Sir George and Lady Grey, the Rev. Dr. Phelps (Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge), Colonel \Vylde, and Mr. Edmond Mildmay. The band of the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards attend during dinner. The Queen's private band will afterwards attend in the Castle. Mr. John Carr had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday, at the Colonial office. The Right Hon. G. Milner Vice-President of the Board of Trade, has arrived in town. Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from the Colonial-office for the Governor of Canada, and also for the Governors of the North American Pro vinces. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. OXFORD, Nov. 18.—Dr. Samuel Hinds, formerly of Queen's College, and . Vice-Principal of Alban hall, has been appointed Regius Professor of Divinity, in the room of Dr. Hampden. Dr. Hinds was Vice- Principal during the time that Dr. Whately, now Archbishop of Dublin, was Principal, and is the author of a once popular Compendium of Logic, and of a History of the Early Progress of Christianity. In Easter Term, 1815, he was placed in the second class in literis humanioribus, and, in 1818, gained the prize for the Latin Prose Essay, the subject of which was, Quant vim, in moribus populi conformandis, ex hibeant rerum publicarum subita' mutationes g Dr. Hampden gained the same prize in 1814. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S.—YESTERDAY. There were not above six or eight members present this afternoon, and not a bet worth quoting was made. NEWPORT PAGNEL STEEPLECHASES, &c. A Free Handicap Hurdle Race for 501., and a Sweep stakes of 5 sovs. each; the second to save his stakes. Gentlemen riders allowed 61b. Two miles. (11 Subs.) Mr. F. Wilson's Khondooz, lOst ... (Rackley) 1 Mr. Anderson's Chance, lOst 81b ••• ... 2 Lord Strathmore's Red Lancer, list... 3 The following also started :—Baron Rothschild's The Hack, list 101b—N1r. W. Donalds'm's Variety, lOst 81b —Mr. Weston's The Pony, llst—Mr. G. Brettle's Dick Thornton, lOst—Mr. C. Smith's Emigrant, 9st 121 b Captain Gambier's Canary, lOst—and Mr. W. C. Day's Flatcatcher, lOst (carried lo s t 21b). Won in a canter by two lengths. Sweepstakes of 20 sovs. each, h ft; the second to save his stake; winner of a steeplechase of 2501. value, &c., 71b extra; two, 101 b extra. Gentlemen riders. (6 Subs.) Lord Strathmore's The Roarer Mr. W. H. Cooper's Little John _ The following also ran:—Mr. Elwes na Moonlight— Captain W. Peel na Carlow—Mr. Wemyss's Kangaroo. Betting-5 to 2 each agst Roarer and Carlow, 3to 1 agst Little John, and 5 to 1 agst Moonlight. A fine race with two. Won by half a length. BETTING ON THE ANNUAL STEEPLECHASE (TO-MORROW). 9to 2 agst Switcher I 9to 1 ag s t St. L eger 5 to 1 agst Chandler 10 to 1 agst Latitat. ASHDOWN PARK COURSING MEETING. WEDNESDAY. First Ties for the Derby. Lancet beat Wykamist I Wanota beat Broadcast. The Oaks. Mr. Goddard's Blue Bell beat Mr. W. Etwall's Miss Weller. (Owner) 1 ... ... 2 The Cup.—First Ties. Mr. Goddard's Gretna beat Sir H. Fleetwood's Flash Mr. Morant's Minstrel beat Mr. Goddard's Element Mr. Gordon's Camlet beat Mr. Morant's Mischief. The Ashdown Puppy Stakes. Mr. Morant's Minaret beat Mr. W. Etwall's Sam Weller Mr. Gordon's Glue beat Mr. Drinkald's Empress. IMPORTANT POST -OFFICE NOTICE.--ThiS morning a notice was posted at the General Post office, that hereafter any writing or marks will be allowed on news papers passing by post between one part of the United Kingdom and another, provided that a postage stamp for one penny is affixed conspicuously on the newspaper or cover. On letters now bearing postage being posted and delivered in the same town no extra stamp is requi site ; but the writing must be on the newspaper only : any writing or mark on the cover, "other than the ad dress," will render the ne ws p a p er li a bl e to b e c h arge d according to weight. MR. THOMAS DUNCOMBE, M.P.—The medical advisers of the Honourable Member for Finsbury have recommended his temporary retirement from public life. The lion. Gentleman is about to " pair off" for the en- suing session, and purposes sojourning for a few months at Lisbon, to recruit his health.—Post. CLEANING WINDOWS.—There is a very beneficial provision in the Town Police Clauses Act, passed in July last,(loth and 11th Victoria, chap. 89), with respect to window.cleaning:—" Every occupier of any house or other building or other person who orders or permits any person in his service to stand on the sill of any window in order to clean, paint, or perform any other operation upon the outside of such window, or upon any house or other building, within the said limits, unless such window be in the sunk or basement stork ," is liable to a penalty not exceeding forty shillings, or fourteen days' imprisonment, and may be taken into custody without a warrant. In the same category appears the following offence, which may be treated in a similar manner:—" Every person whu flies any kite or makes or uses any slide upon ice or snow." MURDEROUS ASSAULT AT BRIGHTON.—On ted Satur day evening it was reported that a man had attemp to murder the potman, at the Railwaypn public house, house, which is situated at the north end of s urrey street, close to the Brighton terminus. It appears from inquiries which we havemade , that a man named W illiam Baxter went into the taproom of the public-house on Saturday evening with a woman of abandoned character, and behaved in such an indecent manner that Mr. Pen fold, the landlord, ordered the woman to be turned out, which was done forthwith. Baxter remained for some time afterwards ; and when Mitchell went into the room at a later period of the evening, to tell him it wa s time to go, Baxter rushed up on hi m and struck him. The blow was returned b y Mi tchell, who wasthe stronger of the two, and would have had the best of the fight, if other means than fists had not been resorted to. Baxter, feeling his inefficiency to cope with t h e potman, drew a knife fr om hi s pocket, and inflicted a dreadful wound in Mitchell's eye ; he then made another thrust, and cut him over the oth er eye, and then stabbed hi m in the chest, b fly the deadly instrument struck again t the bone, ortunate otherwise it must h ave been fatal. ek By this time his cries for assistance brought persons t to his aid, an d th e v ill a i n h who had inflictedinjury was secured. By some means the savage assailant ilant had got a wound across the back of his hand in the scuffle, and both of them were taken to th e C ounty Hospital, the unfortunate potman being covered with blood. Mitchell was already blind in the eye which received the first injury; had the blow fallen on the other eye, he must have been deprived of sight, for the socket was literally gouged out, and pre sented a shocking sight. The knife bad gone quite into the orbit. The wound over the right temple extended between three a n d f our i nc h es , an d t h e wo und across th e chest about two inches in breadth. It is co nsolatory know that the poor fellow is likely trecover,alfith t o st u a g t i several days must elapse before he wi ll be in to be examined. It is rather singular that t he lo t.hienwhich wriston which Baxter received his wound he dislocated some years ago. was a is still in the ho s_- pital, and exceedingly s ullen. A po li ceman i s with him night and day. The instrument with which the wounds were inflicted has not, we understand, been found. Baxter's occupation was that of a touter for flys, and he has been hanging about the terminus for some time. —Brighton Gazette. The late Sir George Philips, Bart., died possessed of personal property amounting to 30,000/., which, with his freeholds in the counties of Warwick, Worcester, Oxford, Gloucester, Lancaster, and elsewh ere , h e h as left to his son, Si r George Richard Philips, Bart., kt.P his sole executor, 9 I . g ( 2 ' .I. s•:. ‘i` <ll 'Ai -• t:_.€ :0" -`- • vr•J (IVJS' UV!'