The Sun. — London, England, 1857-01-09 00:00:00

i ~~~~f~ rAPEf. SALE OF PROVISIONS, - &c., AT GORPORT. IRIILAND, ••,_-. =?.- F=_ art ar: r ,~ S ADIIIIILALTY, SOMERSET-VLACH, 7th January, 1357. THE Commissioners for Executingthe Office of Lord High Admiral of the United Kinvlom of Great Britnin and Ireland, do Hereby Give Notice, that on WEDNEADAY, the 28'h Wk. at .12 o'clock at noon, the Captain Superintendent will put up to Sale,' in the Royal Clat once Victualling Yard at Gosport. several Lots of Army and Navy Provisions, Victualling Stores. Seamen's Clothing, Transport Redding, &c , &c., &c., consisting of Salt Meat, Lemon Juice, Rice, Tongues, Chlor;de of Lime, Brandy, Ale, &c., &c. all lying in the said Yard... Persons wishing to view the Lots must apply to the Superintendent for notes of admission for that purpose. Catalogues and Conditions of Sale may be had here and at the YAM UNION ASSURANCE SOCIETY (FIRE; LIFE, and ANNUITI . S). A.D. 1714. Cornhili, and 70, Baker-street, London. College-green, Dubin.—G ronengen- street. Hamburg. Exchange street West, and Tithebarn-street, Liverpool. • North Nelson-street, Edinburgh. InStltnted in the reign of Queen Anne, A. D 1714, with large Invested Finds. DIRECTORS, &C. CHAIRMAN—JOH N RE mINGTON MILLS, Esq. DDPUTT•CHAIRMAN—HENRY ALDWIN SOAMES, Esq. James Bentley, Esq. John Paynter, Thomas Bodley, Esq. John Rogers, Esq. Daniel Britten, Esq. Hfnry Hutt, Esq. Nicholas Charrington, Esq. George Spencer Smith, Esq. S. Preston Child, Esq. Rich& Horsman Solly, William Gilpin. Esq. W. Foster White, 1. sq. Thomas Lewis, Esq. Samuel Wilson, Esq., Ale. Thomas Mills, Esq., M.P. Stephen Wilson, Esq. John Morley, Esq. _ LIFE. Reduced rated for young and middle ages. with guarantee of a company in existence upwards of 140 years, and a large accumulated capital. The last Bonus (1855) gave additions to policies varyg from 25 to 70 per cent. on the previous seven years' premlu s. Lower rates, without profits. Two-thirds only of the premiums may be paid until death. Decreasing and increasing rates of premium, and half-yearly or quarterly. Medical fees allowed. FIRE. Insurances at the usual rates, and profits returned on policies taken out for seven years by pomp' payment. Lo sea occasioned by ex plosion of gas made good. The offices close on Saturdays at two o'clock. excepting In the fifteen days after each quarter-day. Insurances now expiring must be paid on or before the 9th Janu ary, at the office in London, or of the respective agents. WIL LI A. M B. LEWIS, Secretary. LAW LECTURES at the INCORPORATED LAW SOC t ETY. The several Courses of Lectures will be resumed by— Mr. EUMPRILY, on EQUITY and BANKRUt MY, FRIDAY, January 9th. Mr. KERR, on COMMON LAW and CRIMINAL LAW, MONDAY, January 12th. Mr. PRACHEY, on CONVEYANCING, FRIDAY, January 18th. ROBERT MA.I' OH AN. Secretary. Law Society's Hall, Chancery-lane, January let, 1857. MR. ALBERT SMITH'S MONT BLANC, BADEN, up ,t110_1?IIINE. and PARIS, is NOW OPEN EVERY EVENING (except Saturday) at 8 o'clock.—Stalls, 31. : area. 9e.: wailers, le. Stalls can be secured at the box office, Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, every day between eleven and four, vtith out any extra charge. The Morping Representations take place every Tuesday and aturday, at Three o'clock. MR. W. S. WOODIN'S OLIO of ODDITIES, with New Costumes and v rious Novelties, Focal and Cha racteristic, every evening (except caturday) at Eight A MORI.T. ING PERFORMANCE every SATURDAY, at Three. Private Boxes and Stalls may be secured, without extra charge, at the Box-office, Polygraphic-hall. King William-street, Charing-cross. The hall has been entirely redecorated. ARGYLL ROOMS.-LAIIRENT'S CASINO, Great Windmill-street, St. James's.—The above elegan Rooms are now open every evening for the winter season, iwith Lament's celebrated Orchestra. Principal Cornet-a-piston; M. Roalconrt. The Proprietor begs to inform the public that this fashionable place of resort has been entirely redecorated during the recess. Doers open at half-past eight, commence at nine. Admis sion One Shilling. GENERAL TOM THUMB. Regent Gallery, t 9, Quadrant. The smallest man alive. Patronised by her Majesty in 1844. New Characters, Songs, Dances, Sac. Remains but a short time previous to visiting Ireland, Scotland, Paris, and Russia. THREE LEVEES DAILY, from 11 till I. 3 till 5, and 7 till 9. To avoid thecrowd the morning and even ing Levees are recommended. Admision to promenade, area, and gallery, without regard to age, Is.; Reserved Stalls, 2s. ; Children is.; Drawing-room seats, 35.; children, ls. 6d. J)R. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, 4, Coventry-street, Leicester-square.—Open (for Gentlemen cnly) from 10 till 10, containing upwards of one thousand models end preparations, illustrating every part of the human frame in health and disease, the race of men, &c. Lectures delivered at 12, 2,4, and half-put 7. by Dr. G. SEXTON, F.R.G.S. ; and a new and highly-interesting series of Lectures is now in course of delivery by Dr. KAHN, at a quarter put 8 p.m. precisely. Admission. One Shilling. Catalogues containing Lectures as delivered by Dr. Khan (gratis). GORDON CITMMING, the LION HIJNTER, will be AT HOME in his Encampment, surrounded by the spells and trophies of his achievements, and give his popular ENTER TAINMENT, describing his ADVENTURES in the Interior of BOUM AFRICA, every evening throughout the week, at 8 o'clock. A SPECIAL AFTERNOON PERFORMANCE en SATURDAY, at Three o'clock. Several important ad.iitions and embellishments have been made to the Hunte - 'sMuseum, and three new views—illustra tive of Ostrich Hunting in the Karoo, the Death of the Giraffe. and Vultures en their Prey in the Desert—painted by Samuel Hodson, added to the series of Dioramic Scenes. The Lion Hunter's native Bushmen will appear incidental to the Entertailnment. Fiano by Mr. Harries Wilson. Admission, Is. ; area, 25.; stalls (which may be taken daily between eleven and four), 35.-232, Piccadilly. MR. HOWARD, burgeon-Dentist, 52, Fleet street, has introduced an entirely new description of ARTI FICIAL TEETH ,tlxed without springs, wires, or ligatures. They so perfectly resemble the natural teeth as not to be distinguished from the original by the closest observer; they will never change colour or decay, and will be found very superior to any teeth ever before used. This method does not require the extraction of roots, or any painful operation, and will support and preserve teeth that are loose, and is guaranteed to restore articulation and mastication. Decayed teeth rendered sound and useful in mastication.-52, Fleet-street. At home from ten till live. INVESTMENTS in BRITISH MINES.—FuII particulars of the most important Dividend and Progressive Mines will he found in :the Fourth Edition of BRITISH MINES CONSIDERED AS AN INVESTMENT, recently published by J. H. MURCHISON, Esq.. F.G.5..F.5.5., price 3s. 6d. ; by post, 4s. Mr. MURCHISON also publishes a QUARTERLY REVIEW of BRITISH MINING, giving the position and prospects of the Mines at the end of each quarter, the dividends paid, &c. The Review for the quarter eliding 30th Sept. last contains a Map Of the Bassett district, price Is. "The book will be found extremely valuable."—Observer. " A;aluable little book."—Globe, - " A valuable guide to investors"—Herapath. "A useful little volume."—Mornieg Herald. " Of great value to capitalists."—Sunderland Times. " Parties requiring information on mining investments will find no better and safer instructor than Mr Murchison."—Leeds Times. "One of the most valuable mining publications which has come under our notice, and contains more information than any other on the subject of which it treats."— Derby Telegraph. "To those who wish to invest capital in British Mines, this work is of the first importance."—Welshman. "This work enables the capitalist to invest on sound principles; it is, in truth, an excellent guide "—Plymouth Journal. Copies of the above publications can be obtained at Mr. Murchison's offices, 117, Bishopsgate-street Within, London; and rellabl infor mation and advice will be given at any time to those who may re quire it. CANCER HOSPITAL, London and West Brompton.—Secretary's Oftlee, 167, Piccadilly.—This Institu tion has been established exclusively for the treatment of the poor afflicted with cancerous diseases. Out-door patients to attend at 167, Piccadilly, on Tuesdays, at 2 o'clock. In-door patients are admitted at the Brompton Establishment, for one month, and for a longer period if recommended by the medical officers. The number of per sons under treatment as in or out-door patients have averaged fo the last three years about 400 cases each rear. Since the foundation of this Hospital in 1851, 1,799 poor persons, suffering under every form of this dreadful malady, have received the benefits of this Charity. A Weekly Board manage Its affairs, and every informa tion connected with the Institution may be obtained on application to the Secretary. Contributions to enable the Committee to continue this great work of benevolence are urgently solicited, and may be paid to William Loxham Farrar, Esq., the Treasurer, 66, Lincoln's inn -fields; Messrs. Coutts and Co., Strand; and at the Secretary's Offices, 167, Piccadilly. By order. W. J. COCKERILL, Secretary. R OYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road. Patron—The QUEEN.—Founded 1828. The sick poor are admitted on their own application alone ; no re commendation is required. During the past month the following number received the benefits of this Charity, either as out or in-door patients, on their personal Week ending 7th November 2,154 Ditto 14th November 2,043 Ditto 21st November Ditto 28th November 2,309 29th and 30th November 269 To in ...... 8,747 of which 9,775 Were ne w ca ses, the November remainder (still under treat ment) having been admitted previously. The clergy of all d enominations have unlimited access to the patients. Heavy expenses are inevitably incurred in affording such exten sive relief: The Comrnittee, therefor; earnestly entreat the aid of the public. The management of the Hospital is in the hands of 30 Governors, yearly elect Meeting January. A Board Is held every Thursday, at 4 o'clock (Rev. J. B. Owen, Chairman), to conduct the business, when any subscriber may attend, if so disposed, the Board being at all times desirous of receiving suggestionsor giving e x pl anat i on. The Hospital is not endowed, but is Wholly dependent on volun tary contributions and legacies, which are received by the Treasurer, John Masterman, Esq., M.P., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co. ; Drummond and Co.; Berries and Co.; Ransom and Co.; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co.; Glyn and Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co.; Barclay and Co.; Denison and Co.; Williams, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nisbet and Co., Ber ners-street ; Masterman and Co.; and at the Hospital. Clothing for the destitute patients will be thankfully received. By order. J. B. OVEN, M .A., Chairman. A NEW AND IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE SCIENCE OF MEDICINE. Patent Office Seal of Great Britain. Diplome d',cole Phtacie Pharmacien de Paris. Impala! College of Medicine, Vienna, :ATRIERE MAR No. 1,2, and 3, prepared in the form of a lozenge, devoid of taste or smell, and can be carried In the waistcoa t pocket. ' Pold in tin cases, di v id e d i n t o se parate doses, as administered by Valpeau, Lallemand, Roux, Ricord, &c., &c. riaRIESEMAR, No. 1 is a Remedy for .RE LAXATION, SPERMATORRIHE A, and all the d i s tressin g c onsequences arising from early abuse, indiscriminate excesses, or too long residence in hot climates. It has restored bodily and sexual strength and vigour t o th ousan d s o f d e bilit a t e d individuals who are now in the enjoyment of health and the Functions of Manhood; and wh atever may be the cause f or DISQUALIFICATIONS for MAR RIAGE, they are effectually subdued by this Wonderful Discovery. TRIESER No. ll., ompletely and entirely etlectually, in the short space oft ree days, completely ersid i cates all tr aces o f Gonorrhma, both in its mild and aggravated tr.a.Gleets, Strictures, Irritation ot the Bladder, Non-retention o h e e ,„" a r alas of the Loins and Kidneys, and those disorders which aln of and Cubebs have so long been thought an antidote for, to the o the health of a vast portion of the population. Is the great TRIE , 3EMAR No. 111., soma. Continental Remedy for Syphilis and Secondary SymP - Hens and entaae4Blso constitutes a certain cure for Scurvy, Scrofula, and all ~...ruPtions, removing and expelling in its course all corrup the o'rurltles from the vital stream, as altogether to eradicate ihrotigh — th ' o tls,.....ease, and expel it with the insensible perspiration never -faith, "Winn of the pores of the skin and urine, and is a the Englis hoprhemedy for that cla.ss of disorders which unfortunately ion of the p at ii e Van treats with Mercury, to the inevi table dystruc the worl.a ean eet n i 3 eernatitution. and which all the sarsaparilla. in which saves I is.. : 8 41 e- Price I ls., or four cases in one for 335„ To be had whole sale a a n Y• rases, whereby there is a saving of It. 12s. 140, Leadenhall-street a_retall in London, ot Derby and Gordon, 4.i;eut, 229, Strand; Hannay and Co.. 63, Ox ford-street ; Sanger. 1 _nxtor-street; Barclay and Son, 97, ringdon-street ; ( latter Far- Paul's Churchyard. a Harding, 4, Cheapside ; Edwards, St. HUMAN PRA . ' LT's( ; • Popular Work, price Is., post free, b eautiful' . a Medical and containing the opinion s of varlllustrated with 100 engravings, &c. It gives copious instruction. foir'etltite, Lallemand, Roux, Ricord, Perfect restoration of those who are prevented by impediments froToentering into the married state, also showing the dreadful results and syphilis, and the benefits arising fr o lli e arly abuse, gonorrhoea, jactlithe chemical tests and examination of the spermatoza, by th e I—PlPer4 anrjt newlY-cmstructed microscope, with powerful lenses row i and from all agents for the sale 0r. Tri ..2. , 2 3, Paternoster ..... 44 (No. 20,143.) PUBLICATIONS. Now ready, in 1 vJI , with 1,500 Engravings of Arms, SIR BERNARD BURKE'S PEERAGE and BARON ETAOII FOR 1857. New Edition, corrected throughout t• the present time from the personal communications of the Nobility, &c. Hurst and Blackett. Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn. MR. JEAFFRESON'S NEW NOVEL. Now ready at all the libraries, in 3 vols., ISABEL ; the Young Wife and the Old Love. By the Author of " Crewe Rise," &c. '• A. novel in which the author maintains the good position his first work obtained for him."—Examiner. IrabeP is a fresh, healthy, entertaining book—a Clever picture of msylern life written by a man who has seen the world."—Leader. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn. Now ready at all the libraries, in 3 vols., T HE GENERAL'S DAUGHTER. By Capt. BROOK J. KNIGHT. " The General's Daughter' is a lively, dashing tale, with broadly marked characters, and more than the ave age number of startling incidents found in novels of the class. Captain Knight has the art of telling a tale with cleverness and effect."—Literary Gazette. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Colburn. On Monday will be published, in crown Bvo., 125., the Second Edition of A URORA LEIGH : A Poem in Nine Books. By ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING. Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. CHEAP EDITION OF CARLYLE'S WORKS. Now ready, in crown Bvo., price 65., Vol. I. of T HE FRENCH REVOLUTION: A HISTORY. By THOMAS CARLYLE. Chapman and Hall, 193, PiccadlllS. In one square 'volume, with all the original Illustrations, price 7s. 6d., A CHEAP EDITION OF T HACKERA.Y'S CHRISTMAS BOOKS: Containing "MRS. PERKINS' BALL," "DR. BIRCH," "OUR STREET." Chapman ani Hall, 193, Piccadilly. In fcap. Bvo., with Illustrations, price 55., CLOVER COTTA GE; or, I CAN'T GET IN. A Novelette. By the Author of " The Falcon Family," &c. Chapman and Wall, 193, Piccadilly. In I volume, post Svo., 10s. 6d., T HE GIRLHOOD OF CATHERINE DE' By T. ADOLPHUS TROLLOPE. Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. Just published, price 5i., the NATIONAL REVIEW. No. VII. CONTENTS: I. William. Wordsworth. FII. The Relations of Religion to Art. lIY. Balzac en Pantoufies. By Leon Goalan. IV. Mr. Spurgeon and his Populaalty. V. Latham and Grimm on the Ethnology of Germany. vr: The Literature of Spirit-rapping. VII. The Credit Mobiller and Banking Companies in France. VIII. Strauss and G erman Hellenism. IX. The Slave Empire of the West. X. Books suitable for Reading Societies. Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. This day, two volumes, pest Bvo., 16e., THE WEDDING GUESTS ; or, the Happiness of Life. By MARY C. HUME, Author of "The Brides maid," " Count Stephen," and other Poems. John W. Parker and Son, West Strand. • T O the THEATRICAL PROFESSION, Read THE ERA of To-morrow. TO FREEMASONS.—Read THE ERA of Tomorrow. Mr. Newby has just published, 2 vo l s ., 21 5. , NAPLES: Religious, Social, and Political. " Lord 11*****.* is a shrewd observer and pleasant writer." —Critic. "The pictures are lively, and as bright as the colours and climate they reflect."—Spectator. " Decidedly worthy of public attention."—Globe. " The subject is one of European interest "—lllustrated Times. " For entertaining narrative it can hardly be exceeded."—Sporting Magazine. " A book of greater interest has not come tinder on: notice for many years."--Guardian. MESSIAH, 2s. or 4s. ; Creation, 2s. or 3s. ; Judas Maccabmus, 2s. or 45.; Israel in Egypt, 2s. or 4s'; Samson, 2s or 4s. The 3s. and 4., editions are bound in scarlet cloth. Dettingen To Doom and Zadock the Priest, Is. 6d. ; Alexan der's Feast, 2s. ; Acts and Galatea, Is. 6d. Each work complete, with separate Libretto, is Vocal Score, with Pianoforte or Organ Accompaniment. arranged by VINCENT Nevem.° ; Octavo size. Please ask for Novello's Centenary Edition, printed on Stout Paper. Also, u 'form with the above - Mozart's Twelfth Mass, 2s. ' • Haydn's Third Mass, 2s. ; Beethoven's Mass In C, 25.. or the Three Masses in one vol ' cloth, 7s. Mozart's Requiem (with E. Holmes' Critical Essay, from the " Musical Times"), 2s. The Masses have Latin and English Words. London Novello, 69, Dean-street, Soho (W.), and 35 Poultry (C.C.) LONDON POSTAL DISTRICTS.- STANFORD'S PATI , NT POSTAL DISTRICT ENVE LOPFS, indicate to Correspondents the district to be appended to th- address in reply. Samp'es ani prices on applicati nto Edward Stanford, Mapseller and Stationer, 6, Charing•cross, S.W. LONDON NEW POSTAL DISTRICTS.- The MAP of LONDON', coloured to show the new Postal Districts, prepared by direction of her Majesty's Postmaster•gene ral, for the use of the Provincial and London post-offices, to facili tate the earlier delivery of letters, &c., can be obtained of l dward ttanford, 6, Charing•cross, S.W. Price, sheet, ss. ; case, 7s. 6d. ; rollers varnished, 10s. 6d. ONDON POSTAL DISTRICTS.-SKETCH MAP of the LONDON PnSrAE, Df , TRICTQ, extending upwards of 12 miles from the General Post Office, with a list of prin cipal places and the district in which they are situate (prepared for the Postmaster-General's Annual leport). Price, on large sheet, 2s. ; case, 4P. 61. ; rollers varnish^d. 7s. London: Edward Stan ford, 6, Charing-cross, S.W., and all booksellers. LONDON POSTAL DISTRICTS. - THE USEFUL KNOWLEDGE SO^IETY'S MAP of LONDON, coloured to show the NEW POSTAL DISTRICTS, with the Post office List of principal streets and places as divided into Postal Dis tricts, by command of the Postmaster-general. Price, plain Is.; coloured, Is. 6d., in sheet or folded ; mounted on linen in case, 2s. 6d. (per post two stamps additional) ; rollers varnished, 6s. London : Edward Stanford, 6, Charing-cross, S.W. R. LIVINGSTON'S DISCOVERIES IN AFRICA.—The MAP of AFRICA, in the Series designed and engraved by the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, illustrates the Route and Discoveries of this distinguished traveller. Compiled from the maps in the pos3ession of the Royal Geographical Society. Price, plain, 6d.; coloured, Pd. A list of 221 maps in this series may be had upon application to Edward Stanford, 6, Charing cross, S.IV., London ; per post for ene stamp. EXPEDITION to PERSIA.—The MAP of PERSIA, with Part of the Ottoman Empire. By G. LONG, M.A. Price fici. plain ; 9d. coloured. Published In the Series of the Useful Knowledge Society. Can be obtained of all booksellers. Also, same series and price, a Map of Afghanistan, Beloochistan, with parts of Persia, Bokbara, and Sinde. London : Edward Stan ford, 6, Charing•cross, S.W., whose catalogue of maps can be had on application. BOMBARDMENT of CANTON.—The ATLAS o' INDI %, 26 Coloured Maps, contains in addition to the maps of India, revis.d by JOHN W +LKER, Esq. (G , ographer to the Honourable East India Company), maps of Canton and its ap proaches, Alamo and Hong Kong ; China and Burmah ; Persia ; Arabia; Japan; Asiatic Archipelago ; Islan^s in the Indian Ocean ; Pols nests., &c., selected from the Series designed and engraved by the Useful Knowledge Society. The Atlas, mice one guinea; the Maps singly, coloured 9d. ; plain 6d. A list of the Maps and Atlases in the series, may be obtained on application to Edward Stanford, 6, Charing-cross, London (S.AV.) NEW ZEALAND.—The Uuseful Knowledge Society's MAP of NEW ZEAL 'ND has recently been thoroughly revised from Admiralty Surveys, ant additions in the interior, by WALTER M XXTELL, Esq., Sec. Price, coloured 9d. ; plain 6d. The Family Atlas, selected from the sel les, contains 80 maps and index, price three guineas. Loudon : Edward Stanford, 6. Charing-cross, S.W. CANADA, UPPER and LOWER, with the RAILWAYS.--Maps of these Provinces in two sheets, are included in the new edition of the CYCLOP..ED lAN ATLAS. just published, price one guinea, containing 39 Col. ured Maps of the various parts of the work., amongst which will be found maps of the United States in two sheets, British Ame-Ica, with the Arctic Regions, West India islands, Australia, New Zealand, &c. &c.. se lected from th e U se f u l K nowledge Society ' s Series. Tbe maps singly, plain Gd ; coloured 9d. London : Edward Stanford, 6, Charing-cross, S.W. .. Bu e. eceos sufli T p E r a s : itAei eft:: The Second Edition, just published, price 55., by post free, ss. 6d., QTRICTURE OF THE URETHRA. THE PATHOLOGY AND RATIONAL TREATMENT of STRICTURE of the URETHRA, in all its Varieties and Compli cations, with Observations on the Use and Abuse of Instruments in the Treatment of Diseases of the Urethra. The whole Illustrated by numerous Cases selected from the Records of upwards of Twenty e f ß n ay o nFd man to whose care we would sooner intrust thc , Ye , a i r iv sl e ex kn te o n w siv o 219, Regent-street. treatment etaosnedvoeure: satt.lcßtuallure. ele ven inn riths The value of herri n g s sent ahro„,iln. the ef ended Nm ; nitd ov ber was 365,455/. other sorts of fiqh, 131,3531. THE BALL AT THE BACHELORS' ENNT, which to .k place recently at the C orn Exchange , Atherton, iWar. wickshire, is said to have passel Off with unu sua l eclat. The emnpany consisted of about 230 of the nobility an d gentry whose names were associated with the hunt, and in order to give full effect to the entertainment the hall was tastefully decorated with the flags of various nations, and every description of implement and device apper taining to the chase. Among the guests were several distinguished Crimeon heroes, who had happily returned from the field of battle so far unscathed as to be able to take a part in the luxuries of the dance. An elegant s upper was provided by Mr. T. Praday, of Rupert ' street, Haymarket, and the general arrangements were such as to sir) entire satisfaction to all concerned. LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 9, 18b7. PROCLAMATION OF THE FEDERAL COUNCIL OF SWITZERLAND TO THE striss PEOPLE. Dear and faithful Confederates, on the morning of September 3, last year, Switzerland was surprised in the midst of peace by the news, equally strange and unex pected, that a royalist conspiracy had broken out in the canton of Neuchatel. However incredible this news might appear, it nevertheless was only too true. A band of partisans of the old order of things had, during the night, taken possession of the city, and the edifice in which the Government gi Neuchatel holds its sittings. The members of the State Conned had them selves been arrested, and the re-establishment of the old order of things, set aside for the last nine years, was an nounced by a proclamation. As might have been foreseen, this insurrection, which had not the slightest chance of success, was stifled in its birth. When the great majority of the inhabitants of the canton of Neuchatel had recovered from their surprise, the citizens of ali parties in the canton collected under the republica❑ banner ; and even before the Confedera tion could interfere the phantom of a restoration o the principality of Neuchatel and Valangin had dis appeared, and the constitutional state of things was re-established. • The Federal Assembly of the Confederation, duly ap preciating the hig►. t significance of this manifestation, and making it-elf the organ of popular-opinion, resolved, by an unanimoas vote, on the 26th of September, that the republicans of the canton of Neuchatel had deserved well, not only of their own canton, but of all Switzerland. The vict.my obtained on the 4th of September over the royalists was characterised by clemency and mode ration. The greater portion of the prisoners were set at libf_irty very shortly after the commencement of the inquiry, and the leaders of the insurrection, who are now in a state of confinement, were treated with all possible humanity. Switzerland, however, soon found herself exposed to demands, made upon her with no other motive than that of nullifying the judicial inquiry and preventing the punishment of theguilty. Asa recognition of the King of Prussia's rights over Neuchatel, was demanded the im mediate and unconditional liberation of all the prisoners. We considered that it was out of our power to accede to these demands, without at the same time renouncing the nation's rights of sovereignty, and without sanction ing the principle that it is lawful for a party to disturb the public peace with impunity, and to overthrow in any one canton the constitution and constitutional order guar,nteed by all the other cantons, as well as by the Federal Charter. For the due understanding of the peculiar and com plicated relations in which the country of Neuchatel ex isted during a number of years, it is necessary to give a rapid glance at the recent hi-tory of this country. By the treaty of May 19, 1815, the canton of Neu chatel was, in the capacity of a sovereign state, incor porated with Swi!z , rland and its rights'and duties were to be identical with those of the remaining cantons. In return certain rights over that country, reserved by other European treaties, remained with the King of Prussia, who had been, in 1707, elected Prince of Neuchatel. The unnatural state of things created by this double position of canton and principality was manifested before long i❑ several instances; and on more than one occasion attempts were made to bring under relations to the Confederation more rational, a canton, the development of which was constantly impeded by the inconvenience attending this double position. These attempts met with the desired result only in 1848. The people at that time knew how to make use of their right to constitute themselves freely, by adopting the form, and giving themselves the republican constitu. tion, which was fully guaranteed by all the states of the Confederation. More than once since that period the federal authority has endeavoured to come to an understanding through the medium of friendly negotiations with his Majesty the King of Prussia, but all these efforts failed owing to the pretension set up that the old order of things should before everything be re-established, a requirement that we could not countenance in any event without repudi ating the canton of Neuchatel from our union, and repudiating also the principles of the new federal con stitution. Such was the state of things when a solution of the difficulty, which could not be obtained in a friendly man ner, was on the 31 of September attempted by violence. However disposed one might be to regret the fate of men who by rash zeal and chimerical hopes had suffered themselves to be led on to commit such an ae,t of vio lence, it was not possible to interfere with the course of judicial proceedings, and as it were to sanction for a cer tain party, by the unconditional liberation of the insur gents, a privileged right to insurrection. Although the rights of sovereignty possessed by the Confederation and the Canton of Neuchatel did not al low us to take into consideration the pretensions that had been raised, nevertheless we manifested our serious intention of setting the prisoners at liberty, provided a single condition was fulfilled towards Switzerland. We declared ourselves ready to grant the liberty of the pri soners, in case the liberation of the Canton of Neuchatel from every foreign tie should be acknowledged, thus putting an end to a state of things which had every day showed itself to be more and more untenable. We declared ourselves ready to meet half way any ne gotiation that should be calculated to bring about the independence of Neuchatel. That we might not wound, even in the slightest decree, the susceptibilities of the adverse party, we declared, besides, our readiness to take into consideration the proposals of mediation made by other powers. The course taken in these long negotia tions has been correctly and fully explained in our mes sage to the Federal Assembly ; and the Swiss people will, as impartial history likewise will do hereafter, give us their testimony that we have refused no means in our endeavours to bring the dispute to an advantageous and pacific result. All these efforts which evince our good-will and loyalty have hitherto failed, owing to the demand made for the preliminary and unconditional liberation of the prisoners—a demand to which we could not submit without humiliating Switzerland and impairing her honour. When our situation became more difficult, and our ad versary prepared to supporthispretensions by force of arms it appeared to us that it was time to appeal to the repre sentatives of the nation, and learn from them whether the Federal Council had or had not acted in accordance with the national opinion. On the 30th December the Federal Assembly unani mously passed the following resolutions— " Art. 1. In order to effect a pacific solution of the Neuchatel question, the Federal Council will continue to do its part, as it has hitherto done, for for the adoption of all or any means compatible with the honour and dignity of Switzerland, and, such as may be fitting for procuring the recognition of the independence of Neuchatel from every foreign tie. "Art. 2. The military levies ordered by the Federal Council, and likewise the other measures it has taken, are approved. "The Federal Council is empowered to provide for all ulterior arrangements deemed necessary for the defence oi the country to the last extremity in case an honourable and pacific solution cannot be obtained. " An unlimited credit is opened to defray the expenses. " Art. 3. The Federal Council is authorised to nego tiate and conclude definitively, on account of the Con. federation, the necessary loans. " Art. 4. The Federal Council is commissioned to make these propositions known through the proper chan nels to the cantons and the Swiss people." In order to be ready for all contingencies a comma's der-in-chief of all the forces has been appointed this very day, in the person of Gen. Wm. Henry Dufour, and the duties of chief of the staff have been confided to Colonel Henry Freiheroze, a member of the Federal Council. It is thus that we find ourselves, perhaps, on the eve of most important events, on the threshold of most serious trials, which may befal our country. All hope of a paci. fib solution, indeed, has not disappeared ; we shall en_ deavour even now to do our part for the maintenance o f peace whenever there shall be found for the attainment of that object a course not prejudicial to our honour. In this solemn moment we give assurance to the Swiss peo ple, to the whole universe, to the Supreme Being, that we are disposed even now, in all loyalty, to concur in any thing that can insure peace ; and that we shall not have recourse to extreme measures, unless the hand of conci liation that we offer should be unceremoniouslyrepelled. If, which God forbid, this case should occur, we ap peal to you, faithful, dear, and generous Swiss people. We have received from our fathers, who rest in God, as an inviolable inheritance, a free and happy fatherland. It is a sacred duty for us to transmit to our descendants this glorious inheritance intact, and in all its primitive purity. It is in the days of trial that one learns most intimately to know the value of these possessions which they are trying to wrest from us. It has been given to our dear country to enjoy both peace and happiness for a long series of years without alteration. May God not permit this season of trial to find us off our guard, but find us, on the contrary, watchful as a people worthy of those great blessings ! And hero it is with lively joy that we acknowledge that the Swiss people has worthily endured tbis time of ti Mt Those days appear to have come back which form the most brilliant part of our great history, when every on" eau with his whole soul congratulate himself that he belongs to the Swiss nation. It is with an unanimity never before, in such a degree, experienced, that the Go vernments and the citizens aro depositing on the sacred altar of their country the whole of their property. No sacrifice appears too onerous now that the cause is to uphold the national independer•co and preserve from ruin the soil of our native land. No age, no slash, no family wishes to lag behind. The youth desires to share the dangers of the full-grown man ; the old man to serve as k . ai example to youth. All, all show their willingness joyfully to make the sacrifices which circumstances re (Piro. All parties vanish, all dissensions disappear. The looks of all are turned towards that noble and elevated object of which we have spoken. Well, let us hold fast the belief that the days of our worthy Swiss Confedera' stanch rop in the be tions are not yet numbered. Let us continue a 1 fathers, if w e h ave confidence in him , will not abandon us. L et us be steadfast in the faith, that the Almighty, wh o h as placed our country in the centre Europe bethelief that fortress et a fr t eeci t o ls m e , w G ill o k d now of how ou t r o of keep it inviolate. Let us keep firm in our belief that the Almighty will show himself strong in behalf of the weak, and that he will bring us forth from the present dark ness and lead us into light. May the general enthusiasm and devotedness, which are increasing and have taken hold of the entire nation, prove to be of good augury. May we see therein a pledge that our efforts to save the country will be crowned with a blessing from Heaven, Federal soldiers We have already found ourselves under the necessity of calling ou',, under arms, a part of the army, for the protection of our menaced frontiers, and the men whom we summoned have hastened with the greatest eagerness to place themselves at the disposal of the country and its authorities. No mortal yet knows whether the decisive hoer has struck, at the sound of which the country will have to collect all her children around the stainless banner, under the white cross on a red ground; but what we know is, that the whole army will answer as one man the call of their country. Hasten then, federal soldiers, with firm confidence in God, and with glad courage. Hasten hither ! May God and his angels escort ru! Observe strict discipline everywhere; cheerfully obey yourchiefs ; never forget that obedience is the guarantee of victory ! Be humane, even when you find yourselves, confronting the enemy ; observe in all times and places that conduct which is becoming in a free and Christian army. In ful• filling your duty be not uneasy about the future welfare of yourselves or families; your grateful country will take care of that; she looks upon' it as a debt of honour, which, under any circumstances, she will be sure to pay. Federal soldiers! Your country, the world, has its eyes fixed upon you. You will take care to realise the hope that is placed in you ; you will show by your acts that you deserve well to be called the sons of your great an cestors ; you will strive to enrich our national history with another of its most glorious pages. Bess the Fede ral army ! Bless thee, also, our beloved fatherland, and ma; eat thou si ill be, as thou haft been for ages, the asy lum of a free and happy people Swiss peop'e, faithful and dear, may God be with you all. In the name of the Swiss Federal Council, The President of the Confederation, FORNEROD. The Chancellor of the Confederation, SCFUESS. Berne, Jan. 3, 1857. FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND. (Front the Morning Post.) The Emperor of the French is a man not deficient in shrewdness. He knows a great deal about Switzerland, and something about Prussia, and we believe he is tho roughly convinced that it would mightily offend the French people to side with the slippery King of Prussia, and to turn a cold shoulder to the Swiss Government. If there be a people on earth whom the French hate with intense cordiality it is the army and people of Prussia. There are thousands of Frenchmen now living in all ranks, and not by any means old men either, who re member the horrible behaviour of the Prussian army in 1814 and 1815, when, by their heartlessness, harshness, and cruelty, they so entirely lost character, surpassing even the Russians and the Cossacks of the Don in the indiscriminate pillage and plunder which they inflicted on the French provinces through which they passed. These deeds of wanton destruction, rapine, and violence of the French people, have been recounted by French men, of from 55 to 80, to sons, to grandsons, to ne ph ews , and to other collaterals, and thus a traditionary horror and hatred has been preserved in France which has sur vived more than 40 years of the most cheerful vicissi• tudee, social, moral, and political. The first Napoleon hinaself, when an exile at St. Helena, equally removed from everything like hope and fear, and completely in - diferent and passionless in other respects, partook of this vivacious sympathy of the army and people of France, and spoke of the insolent brutality of the Prussians with contemptuous scorn, and of their plundering of the Hospital of the Invalids with burning indignation. He ridiculed their dress and man-millinery—their tailoring and mili tary frippery—their shell coats and small skirts—and their minute attention to small external forms. But that which most aroused his choler against Prussia was the harshness and insolence of men over whose heads he walked to their own capital. These facts and circum stances are still remembered by the French people and by the French army, and it would never do for the nephew of the conqueror at Jena and Eylau to become a partisan of the Prussians at the expense of the Swiss. Whatever certain French writers may say or suggest at random, we feel quite convinced that the head of the Government in France will, if he does not protect or cover the Swiss, at least hold the balance fairly between them and the King of Prussia; or, at the twelfth hour, offer his mediation in conjunc ion with England. This would be the best course for all parties—for the King of Prussia, for Switzerland, and for France herself. As to . the King of Prussia, he is mani'estly endangering the peace of Europe by proceedings which would be consi dered crazy in any ordinary man. Supposing Frederick William IV, to be a discrowned Prince, or a wandering legitimist, seeking to re-enter Neuchatel on any such title as he puts forth, atter nine years' acquiescence in facts as th,„ 7 ,, e x l ob i -.voted, ha .not be considered a disturber and a general perturbator.., whom it was necessary to bind in heavy recognisances to keep the peace to all his neighbours ? Is his •conduct the less dan gerous, the less mischievous, the less criminal, because be happens to be the actual S overe ign of Prussia The writers is the Kreutz Zeitung msy hold contrary doctrine ; but we would sugsest to the livelier Berlinese who write in the .Klatteradasch —the Punch and Mari vari of Prussia—to turn their pungent pens against the Quixotism of their own M onarc h, and to spare England and France their j eers an d t h e i r jibes. If England and France went t o war i n 1854, it was for some better cause than for a few square yards of Swiss terri tory. Eoglaul might well have avoided the war with Russia had she bee n b ase , un principled, and sordid, for Candia and Egypt, tempting baits, were offered her by the deceased friend of Frederick William IV., who wanted, a la Russe, to strangle and spoliate " the sick man." But England would not connive at the robbery or share in the plunder, and hence Alma, Inkerman, the Traktir, and the siege, storming'~*, and capture of Sebas. topol. When Prussia or her King act, so honest, or so manly a part, the English people maY bedisoos d to consider him a better Christian and a bette r K ing t han they think him now, and to make an effort in his behalf even for a right which he has lost•-:-to use a word of English lawyers—by non-user. But for the King who set all Germany in commotion in 1848 to gain his own private ends—for the King who made an attack on th e provinces of Denmark to subserve his own ambition-- for the King who stood with his arms folded during the Crimean struggle, and who, since that struggle i s over , has abetted the Russian in all his evasions and dishonest delays in the fulfilment of a treaty, the English people have no sympathies. • We believe the French p eo pl e as little respect or admire the Prussian King as the English people, and sure we are they much less respect or ad mire, the Prussian army. Under t hes e circumstances it would be difficult for the Governments of England or France to render any services to the King of P ru s s i a l even though he had a good cause w h i c h he had wel managed. But when his cause is questionable, and ill managed and ill-conducted, all that . any Gov ernmen t s , however well disposed, can do for him is to offer to me, diate on certain preliminary conditions. Let him hold his private property in Neuchatel perfectly intact, and the title of Prince of Neuchatel without the territory, as the King of Sardinia holds the title of King of Cyprus and Jerusalem, and England and France may consent to use their good offices in his behalf. But this is, indeed, inane munus : Prince of Neu chatel, without the territory, is a mere lackland title, full of sound and signifying nothing. It is the mere shell of the oyster, while Switzerland would have the substance and the pearl. That this or some similar arrangement is the only one that can be sanctioned by the two Great Western Pewers seems exceedingly probable, and if the King of Prussia would treat or mediate on this basis, Switzerland would probably release her prisoners, having substantially gained her point. We have ourselves at present hopes of a pacifiesolution, since the Swiss Charge d'Affaires at Paris, after first hav ing had a long interview with the Emperor, has left for Berne and again returned to Paris. Col. Barmann, the author of the Swiss manifesto and State paper, to which we made allusion a fortnight ago, is not only a publicist of great ,ability, but a man of sound moderate views. If we mistake not, he is one of the brothers, Maurice and Joseph Barmann, who played so conspicuous and creditable a part in the Valais from. 1840 to 1844, and who, though Roman Catholics in religion like Augustin Keller (a distinguished Roman Catholic, and director of the Roman Catholic seminary in Argau) were all three vigorous opponents of the Jesuits and the Sander bund. The brothers Barmann are among the most instructed, moderskte, and enlightened of Swiss public men—patriotic, yet practical and moderate in tone, with a strict respect for legal forms, and not wishing to I wound the prejudices or susceptibilities of those opposed Ito them. A Swiss diplomatist of this stamp is at this juncture invaluable, and it may be inferred that so tem perate and calm a person will have great weight, not merely with the Federal Council, but with England and France. Should the efforts of the able diplomatist and mediators prove unavailing, Switzerland, we believe, will be prepared to take her stand boldly, and to main tain it too. The various Swiss Councils have given unlimited credit to the Federal Government ; and inde pendently of this, the Swiss bankers in Paris, and some ilonerieln bankers and capitalists, have come forward s esi s offers of credit to a lerge amount. Geneva and BFrne—otie the least warlike, the other the most aristo critic of the Cautons—have also come for ward with offers of inen and money ; and the Canton de Vend, the most French in its sympathies!, has tendered the one-sixth of its population—thirty thousand troops for the servica of the Confideration. The students in the Swiss colleges are also fermieg themselves into battalions, so that the country is in all respects prepared. Germany, on the other band, shows a repugnance and horror of the war into which Frederick William IV. would madly rush. Ten deputies of Wurtemberg have protested against the concentration or passag e of Prus sian troops, tr u ly m aintaining that the pretensions of the douse of Hohenzollern h ave no thi n g to do with the German Confederation, with Southern Germany, or e ven with Prussia herself. Switzerland, they main tain: is the best and most inoffensive neighbour of Germany,teni n a te n r d es u n i ts . s t i e n d ee with h e p r r i o n tes r t e ci o p f r o the com mercial deputies, the Committee of the States of Stuttgardt, composed chiefly of Conservatives, has also resolved to request the Government not to permit the Prussian troops to march through the kingdom, feeling that a commercial crisis must be the result of any such measure. In Tipper Bavaria the news that permission had been granted to the Prussians to pass through the country had caused the greatest discontent among the farmers, who find in the Swiss the best customers for their corn. Even in passive and lemost immovable Austria the con duct of the King of Pru-sia, had excited more astonish ment than usual, and it is now well known that Austrian statesmen—more especially Barons de Bach and de Bruck —consider the proceedings of Frederick William IV. most impolitic and unwise, The economical inte rests of Southern Germany are, indeed, quite in union with those of Switzerland, and any passage of Prussian troops, even without actual hostilities, must impede commerce and increase expenditure. Debts and loans in Germany would lead to increased taxation, to dimi nished trade, and to consequent discontent and incal culable dangers ; and therefore it is that more wise and tt 0 ightful men than the King of Prussia deprecate tie course that Monarch is pursuing. Let the quarrel end as it may—and we trust it may peacefully end—we have no fears for Switzerland. The independent and martial spirit that made 'her world-renowned of old, again animate her, for she is doing battle for the freedom and independence of her mountains. Her sharpshooters have ever been famous whether with bow or rifle, and with the Minie in hand they will maintain their rights of old. [PRICE 4D. STAMPED sis ii OTA L INSTITUTION. Yesterday afternoon, Professor Faraday delivered the last lecture of his Christmas course, which was, as on the former occasions, attended by the Prince of Wales. In the preceding lectures, the attractions of gravitation, of cohesion, of chemical affinity, of electricity, and of magnetism, formed separately the subjects of considera tion ; and in this lecture the relation of these several attractions to each other was exemplified, and they were shown to be the same force differently modified. The simila:ity of gravitation and cohesion had been previously noticed, and it was to exhibit the identity of chemical affinity„ electricity, and magnetism, that Professor Fara day on this'occa;ion had particularly in view. He com menced by giving illustrations of the actions of chemical force by the combustion of iron in oxygen gas, and by the ignition of zincfoil when held in the flame of a spirit lamp, in which phenomena the action of the chemical attractions subsisting between the metals and the oxy gen produced not only new bodies, but caused the evo lution of light and heat. Another instance of chemical affinity was the coating of a piece of clean steel with copper, by immersing it into a solution of that metal. Tee same solution, when poured into a silver bowl, at first produced no change, but when a piece of zinc was introduced into , the liquid and touched the silver, an immediate deposition of copper ensued. This increase of chemical affinity, occasions I by contact with a dissimilar metal, Professor Faraday observed, was the door into most important phenomena which present chemical affi nity actively exerted in one case arid quite inert In another, and as transferred from body to body. The elementary combinaion of a voltaic battery was then ho wn_ by_ a plate of zinc placed between two plates of copper—the latter being kept apart from the zinc by pieces of wood. This simple arrange cent, which brought chemical affinity into action when the separated zinc and copperplates were immersed in acidulated water, was shown to be sufficient to make a piece of platinum wire, that connected the two metals, red hot. Another pecu culiarity of the force thus generated by the contact of metals having different chernicilaffinities to oxygen, was shown by placing a flounder on a plate of silver, then putting a small piece of zinc on its back, and making communication between the two metals. The flounder jumped and opened its mouth each time that the con tact was made. The effi cts thus produced by a single pair of plates were repeated with a Grove's voltaic battery, consisting of 40 pairs, with greatly increased energy, The brilliant ignition of charcoal, of platinum, and of sil ver, wit- exhibited, and an eel in a tub of water jumped out on to the floor. These phenomena, Professor Faraday Paid, were the effects of electricity ; and, to show this more distinctly, he made use of a Zarnboni's pile, con sisting of a great number of alternations of metal leaves, by which instrument the gold leaf electrometer was de flected in the same mariner as by an excited glass rod. After thus exhibiting the conversion of chemical force into electricity the process was reversed, and electricity WAS converted into chemical force. A. solution of Glen. her's salt was decomposed by the voltaic battery, and the opposite actions of the two poles of the apparatus was shown by litimus paper being turned red when .connected with one pole of the battery, and restored to its original blue colour when the poles were reversed. Having by this and by other experiments illustrated the convertibility of electricity into chemical force, Professor Faraday next proceeded•to show that the current of the voltaic hittery can produce magnetism. This was done by first exhibiting the deflections of a balanced needle by a single wire connecting the poles of a voltaic battery ; and afterwards increasing the power by coiling the wire, au electro magnet was made of sufficient at tractive force to hold large masses of iron. Lastly, magnetism cv, , s shown to be convertibTe into electricity ; and the original magneto-electric machine, made by Mr. Saxton, was exhibited in action, exciting brilliant elec tric sparks by the rotation of a piece of soft iron co vered with wire in the front of a powerful permanent steel magnet. The seemingly different attractive powers were thus proved to be one and the same force differently modified ; and Professor Faraday observed that the problem now remaining to be solved is the tie termination of the nature of the force which, under. dif ferent conditions, produces the varied phenomena which on a first view seem to result from the operation of dis tinct forces. At the conclusion orthe lecture there was a loud burst of applause. The Prince of Wales remained for some time examining the apparatus on the lecture table. 11EALTI3 OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK. (from the .Report of the Registrar• General.) In the week that ended on Saturday, the deaths of 1,497 persons, viz., 761 males and 735 females, were registered in London. In the first week of the year, during the period IS4I-56, the average number of deaths was 1,321 ; and if this is raised in proportion to increase of population, for comparason with the number in the present return, it be ceunes 1,453. The deaths now recorded exhibit an excess of 41 over the corrected average. The number of deaths registered last week is augmented to a very considerable extent by deaths, in reference to which inquests have been held, having been entered in the register books in more than their just weekly proportion. Many of such cases were not registered till the end of the quarter, though they had occurred and_betm ,investigated by the coroner at earlier dates ; for 25 deaths were refer red last week to burns and scalds, 16 to hanging and suf focation, 29 to drowning, 48 to fractures, 7 to wounds; 45 deaths were returned of persons found dead, or who died suddenly from an unknown or unstated cause. Under these heads and a few others the excess will chiefly be found. Hooping-cough appears to have been more fatal last week than any other disease in the zymotic class ; 51 chil dren died of it. Measles was fatal in 38 cases, typhus and common fever in 37, scarlatina in 29, small pox in 5. Measles prevail chiefly in the north districts, Marylebone, Camden-town, Islington. Six children died of it in the sub-district of Islington West. A family is mentioned by the registrar of Hackney-road, in which four children have ben attacked by scarlatina maligna, and two have died. A seaman died on the 20th December from " want of sufficient nourishment," and a widow on the 28th, " ap parently from destitution." The deaths of 8 persons were registered last week who had attained the age of 99 years or upwards. A man who had been a butler was the oldest, and died at the age of 91 years. Last week tko births of 1,025 boys and 948 girls, in all 1,913 children, were registered in London. In the ten cor responding weeks of the years 1847.55 the average number was 1,598 At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean height of the barometer in the week was 29.746 in. The mean daily reading was above 30 in. on Tuesday and Wednesday. The highest reading was 30.13 in. on Wednesday, and the lowest 28.97 in. on Saturday. The mean temperature of the week was 40.6 deg., which is 3.7 deg. above the average of the same week in 43 years (as determined by Mr. Glaisher). . The mean temperature was 11.3 deg. below the average on Sunday, and was as much above it on Thursday. The lowest temperature on Sunday was 18.5 deg., and on the following Thursday it was 44.5 deg. The highest tem perature occurred on Friday, and was 52.7 deg., and the range of the week was 34.2 deg. The mean dew-point temperature was 37.1 deg., and the difference between this and the mean air temperature was 3.5 deg. The mean tem perature of the water of the Thames was 39 deg. The tem perature of the river ranged from 36.9 deg. to 41.5 deg. The direction of the wind was generally west-south-west. The horizontal movement of the air on Saturday was 410 miles. A very heavy gale of wind blew on the evening of that day, accompanied with frequent showers. Between 7 and 10 o'clock p.m. the pressure of wind on the square foot varied from 10 to 12 lbs. The amount of rain in the week was 0.23 in. which fell on three days. HEALTH OF LOND')N DURING THE QUAI.TAR. (From the Official Report.) The number of deaths registered in London during the quarter ending Deemleer 27, 1856, was 14,118. On com paring this result with the number returned in the last quarters of 18 )2.55, and taking the growth of the popula tion into account, it will be seen that the public health was tolerably good ; and, as_ regards children, the reduction of mortality from some of those diseases which waste infant life appears to show that it was rather better than usual. But the comparison now made shows only an improvement which may be temporary, not that superior and permanent condition of health which only measures that promote the moral and physical well-being of a populous community can effect. _ The deaths from zymotic diseases in the quarter were altogether 2,902, being little more than a fifth part of the total number. 74 persons died of small pox ; the numbers in the two previous corresponding quarters were 289 and 177. Scarlatina was fatal in 1,297 cases in the last three months of 1851 ; in the same period of 1855 it was fatal in 774 cases ; last quarter the number was 556. Measles was rather prevalent in the quarter, and carried off 372 child ren. The number of persons who died of typhus and com mon fever was 611, which is less than usual in the autumn months. Of th se cases 194 occurred in the east division— Shoreditch, Bethnal-green, Mile-end, St.c. Although the e l a tion than the east division contains a muc h less pop south, the deaths from fever were c onsiderably more in the former than in the latter. But the deaths from measles on the south side of the river were 102, beinghdicoh appear number that occurred in the east districts, w to have enjoyed also greater exemption from small-pox than the other parts of London. .The mortality from diarrhoea was not great : th s complaint was fatal in 316 cases, and was not, apparently, more common in one part than in another. Phthisis carried off 1,785 persons in the quarter, bronchitis 1,432, imentuonia 1,179, asthma 174. Pulmonary diseases were wore fatal than in the same quarter of 18 . 6 ; and this was due, at least in part, to those rapid atmospheric tran sitions which marked the beginning of December. In six weeks of the quarter the mean temperature was above the average ;in seven below it. In oue week it fell to 35 deg., and in the next it rose to 51 deg.; and by the end of the year the mean weekly temperature was again 35 (leg. Of the 14,118 deaths, 2,285, or about a sixth part, oc curred in public institutions—namely, 1,271 in workhouses, 20 in pi isons, 6i in military awl naval asylums, 72 in luna tic asylums, 17 in hospitals for foreigners, 58 in military and naval hospitals, and 782 in general and special hospi tals for the sick. From January to Novembe the value of plate glass exported as an arsicle of British manufacture was, 57,8511. THE CONVICT MANSELL,—Yesterday, upon the fiat of the Attern,:y-General, the writ of error against the judgment and sentence of this prisoner, who is now under respite of sentence of death for the murder of MS superior officer, was issued from the Petty Bag Office, A SUBMARINE VOLCANO. (From the San rrancisco Herald.) Captain C. H. Newell, of the whaling barque Alice Frasier, gives the following description of the action of a submarine volcano which sprang into existence in the IStraits of Onnimah, in lat. 54 26, long. 165, on the 25th of July last. There were five'or six vessels in company at the time when the volcano burst, and threw an im mense body of water to a tremendous height; after which it emitted lava and pumicestone on the decks of the ves sel. This singu'ar oceanic phenomenon is corroborated by the masters of Vie whaling ships William Thompson, Scotland, and Enterprise : " Barque Alice Frasier, at Sea, Oct. 30, 1856. " About the 25th of July. while passing in company with some others through the Straits of Onnimah, I observed many of the mountain peaks upon the adjscent islands undergoing strong volcanic action, ejecting vast clouds of dense black smoke. " A few other whalers, in company with myself, had just rounded the west point of the island, close to the base of the volcano, upon that end of it, having been enjoying the close view of its tremendous eruption, and listening to the long rumbling roar as we underwent several successive shocks of partial earthquake, when the wind suddenly died away from a strong breeze to a calm, and left us entirely at the mercy of the eruptions, close in with the land. After several hours of various grades of action everything seemed to grow for the worse. The throes of the elements and groans of the sphere became rapidly more and more omi nous. It became perfectly calm—so calm that the dense, black, unearthly smoke from the crater rushed headlong into the heavens, without deviating to any point—an indi cation that there was a faint hope of a coming breeze for us ; then gradually dissipated into cold grey couds, from which fell showers of ashes, looking in the distance like rain, though falling rather like snow flakes. At this stage of things, after about 12 hours' calm, there sprang up a light breeze from the south, seemingly about to rid us of our dangerous companion ; and you may make no doubt but we endeavoured to profit by it, even to the smallest sail we could set. " But then came the worst of all. The winds, acting upon so dense a body of smoke, blew it flat down upon the surface of the water, making it for more than 100 miles, as I ascertained from others, an almost total eclipse, shutting the land under it entirely from sight. The ashes rained down upon us like a snowstorm, coverinc , everything from deck to truck under one grey mantle of cinders, almost blinding the people exposed, and growing dense and more dense, nearly to suffocation, entil we began to conjure up another scene of Pompeii and Herculaneum, and think we should come off rather worse than Pliny's little fleet in the Bay of Naples. As the breeze increased we worked our way to the westward, leaving the scathing, suffocating mass rolling away to the north upon the eastern board. Once clear, we had a long job to get clear of the ashes— washing and scrubbing in abundance. . I have visited seve ral volcanoes in their active stages, but that was a little more of the coalpit business than agreed with my taste in these matters. " But the grand sublimity of the thing was all to come. As the breeze built up into a dashing wind along came four other ships. When, just as they got fairly in with the north base of this mountain, gazing upon , the grand ebullition above them, there followed a long low rumbling directly beneath them, and there sprang into instant exist ence simultaneous with the sound a vast terrific volcano among the very fleet. First, the waters boiled and rose tumultuously into chaotic waves ; then sprang, as by an effort of some vast fountain, into a splendid column of rolling waters to a great height. This gradually dissi pated. Then from earth to heaven, with a thundering sound which rocked the very welkin, there sprang a burst of smoke and flame as if earth's whole internal fires were seeking a vent therefrom. Following this it commenced casting up lava and pumicestone, from the size of a pebble to that of a boulder, covering all the vessels with lesser fragments of each, and keeping the ships' companies in the most intense anxiety from fear of either being blown into the air or crushed beneath the sea. These grades of action continued only for a time the eruption sinking almost as sudden as it came, when the waters rolled into the vacated chasm with the rush of a whirlwind, meeting in the centre from every direction, and whirling into a vortex only equalled by the Maelstrom, uttering a voice little short of the British Niagara heard from Table Rock. "The ships escaped, leaving the submarine volcano un dergoing a succession of changes of comparative quietude and violent action, its throes assuming about the same character as the first, -with unequal intervals limiting the various stages it passed through. " C. H. NEWELL." Naval and Military Intelligence. H.M. steam troopship Urgent, Commander Phillips, arrived at Spithead yesterday morning from the Mediter ranean, last from Plymouth. H.M. steam blockship Pembroke, 60, Capt. Fraser, leaves Spithead to-day for Leith. H.M.S. Amphitrite, 25, was undocked at Portsmouth yesterday. See is intended for Coastguard service. The Dee steam vessel was taken into Portsmouth steam basin yesterday to discharge boilers and machinery fur the D►adem, &c. The Alban, 3, steam vessel, Lieutenant-Commander Blaquire, left Portsmouth yesterday afternoon for the west ward. The Trident, 6, Commander Close, was taken into the steam basin at Portsmouth on Wednesday to have defects repaired. The Algiers, 91, is to be docked on Monday at Ports mouth, to be refitted for further service. The paldlewheel frigate Furious, 12, will be undocked at Portsmouth to-murrow, and forwarded for further service. The screw steam ship James Watt, 91, Captai❑ T. V. Anson, sailed from Plymouth on Tuesday, and the screw steam frigate Shannon, 51, Captain W. Peel, on Wed nesday, both for Lisbon. Commander Gordon and 20 of the crew of the paddle. wheel steam vessel Hecate, 6, being on the sick list with fever, she has been ordered off the coast, and is probably at Ascension. The funeral of Captain A. J. B. Hambly, of the Chatham division of the Royal Marines, took place yes terday.afternoon, and was conducted with all the military honours usually observed on the occasion of the burial of an officer of rank. The deceased officer, who had been 20 years in the corps of the Royal Marines, died at his quarters in the barracks, from which his body was subsequently removed to Melville Hospital, where the funeral procession was formed. In addition to the officers of the Royal Marines a large nu►nbtr of naval officers belonging to the ships of war lying at Chatham, with the officers of the Provisional Battalion and the Royal and East India Company's Engineers, attended. Captain Hambly entered the corps of Royal Marines in 1837, his commission as second lieutenant bearing the date of August lof that year. He obtained his com pany in 1851. Iu 1842 the deceased officer served in the Chinese expedition, where he was severely wounded. He also served on board the Monarch in the Baltic dur ing 1854, and afterwards on the Pacific station until invalided home in May last. The Southampton, 50, Captain E. P. Charlewood (1855), left Chatham yesterday in tow of the African and Adder steamers for Sheerness. She is to be sta tioned at Harwicb, where she will be employed as the guard-ship of the Coastguard. Another discharge of troops from the army took place at Chatham garrison yesterday morning, consisting of 159 non-commissioned officers and men selected from various regiments. Nearly 2,000 troops have been dis charged from Chatham during the past three months. INTERESTING DISCOVERY.—The last accounts received from the Danubian provinces mention a discovery very interesting to archmologists, which has just been made in a convent of the Bukowina. There has been found in the convent of Putna the tomb and crown of Stephen the Great, sovereign prince of Moldavia, who ascended the throne in 1498, and died hi 1504. This prince, who was a, great a warrior as he was a governor, extended the mita of his states, and supported numerous wars against John, Albert, Alexander 1., and Sigismund 1., Kings of Poland, and in which he was always the conqueror. In 1496 in the plains of Buko wins, which then formed part of his government, be gained the battle of Suczawa, over a Polish army, 80,000 strong. He took 20,000 priso ners, whom he afterwards employed in tilling the ground, and to whose labours historians attributed the magnifi cent forests which still c,iver the country and constitute its riches. Stephen the Great resisted the Turks as wets as the Poles, but after his death Moldavia, which hail under his reign acquired so brilliant a position, lost hoer independence. His successor, Bogdan IV., submit Ad to the Sultan Selim. Since that period Dilolda.fa has remained under the suzerainty of the Forte, whic . some years after assumed the right of nominating the saverrign chief of the province. The discovery just made in the Bukowina has awakened the glorious souvenir of Stf3phen the Great. A commission has been formed at Jail 3y for the purpose of raising a subscription to erect a monu ment and a statue to his memory, and the idea h 9 ,s been well received by the whole of the inhabitants, DUBLIN. THURSDAY MO - THE INCOME TAX. The movement against the war ninepence fairly in operation at this side of the Channel. 'NC most important of the provincial demonstrationto - off yesterday in the city of Cork, upon which owasion a large and influential body of citizens met in the Court-house for the purpose of protesting against the continuance of the tax in its present shape. The Mayor presided ; and the first resole. tion, of which the following is a copy, was proposed in a lengthened speech by Mr. W. Fagan, one of the city members : " That, though the Irish nation had scarcely recovered in 1853 Irorn the previous years of famine and from ac cumulhted local taxation when the income tax was ex tended to Ireland, yet it has not only acquiesced in its it positive, but It has most readily submitted to this in quisi orial and inequitable tax being more than doubled Ouri ,, g tile prosecution of a just and necessary war, on the final result of which were staked the honour of the empire and the liberties of Western Europe." Mr. Edmund Burke seconded the resolution. The second resolution was proposed by Colonel Beamish, and seconded by Mr. J. F. Maguire, M.P. : _ _ _ - - "That the act of 1854, which raised the tax to is. 2d. in the pound during the war, enacted that 12 mouths after the sth of April succeeding its actual termination the increase should cease and determine, while the act of 1855,. which added 2d. more in the pound to the tax, enacted that the whole increme should cease twelve months after the sth of April succeeding the ratifi cation of the treaty of peace ; ttiat the , ar was termi nated by the Conference at Paris on the 30th of May last, and consequently, by the act of 1854, the increase would cease on the sth of April next. That the ratifica tion of the treaty, a formal act, was received on the 30th of May last, and thus by the act of 1855 the increase would not determine until 12 months alter the sth of April next. That this meeting, in common with the whole country, do protest against this discrepancy be tween the verbal provisions of two acts of Parliament being taken advantage of to impose on an overtaxed community a war-tax during two years after the war has terminated, and therefore require from the Government and Parliament a due fulfilment of the engagement with the country, freed from t. oints of law—namely, that in 12 months from the sth of April last, the increased in come tax imposed by reason of the war should cease and determine ; and the increase of the revenue and the contemplated reducti in in the army estima'es, as stated by Lord Panniure, fii'tber justify thiszational and mode eta e expectation oft a people." The third resolution was as follows " That the act of 1853, which provides for the gradual reduction of the tax and for its total extinction in 1860, should be adhered to, and that steps should be taken immediately to render the law, while it exists, less inquisitorial in its provisions, and to cause the tax itself to be more equitably levied, distinguishing be tween realised property and industrial capital, and between fixed and uncertain means, whether the latter accrue from the exercise of the learned professions, or in the fields of literature, or in the purAuits of trade." A petition founded upon the foregoing resolutions having been unanimously adopted the meeting broke up. County meetings for the same purpose were held on Tuesday in Derry and Carlow. SELF-RIGHTING LIFE-BOATS. The following communication on the very impor tant principle of self-righting in life-boats has been addressed to a contemporary. The clear description Captain Ward, R.N., gives of the Liverpool life boats is deserving at this moment of the greatest consideration : Sir,—ln your paper of to-day is a letter signed " Walter Severn," and headed " Life-boats warranted to light themselves after drowning the crew." This latter is of so unjustifiable and mischievous a cha ract2,r, that I consider the refutation of its statements to be a public duty. It is unjustifiable, in that it is founded on the hypothesis Cult the Point of Ayr life-boat, which recently upset and drowned its crew, was a self-righting life-boat, which she was not ; a circumstance which Mr. Severn might have readily ascertained before publishing an attack on all self righting life-boats, by an inquiry at this institution. It is mischievous, in that its tendency, whether intentionally so or not, must be to awaken prejudice against an important and valuable property in a life-boat, and possibly to lessen the confidence of the crews of such boats in the possession of that property as an additional security to their lives. The Point of Ayr life-boat, like the others belonging to the Liverpool Dock Company, some of which I have care fully examined, was not constructed to self-right. They are the most primitive description of life-boatsof any in the kingdom, being merely large open boats, with a number of empty casks secured within them under the thwarts, and the only life-boat property which they possess being the amount of buoyancy that is afiordeci by these casks, which would prevent their altogether sinking if filled by a sea. On such an occurrence taking place—which they must be constantly liable to if they adventure into any really heavy broken water, or alongside a vessel over which the sea is breaking—they become at ..13Ce waterlogged and disabled, until by the slow process of baling or pumping they are lightened of the water within them. If upset, they would more readily float " keel upwards" than in their natural position, whilst, from having no ballast, which I believe none of them have, they cannot offer the satue resistance to upsetting which a well-ballasted boat would do. The life-boats which during the last four years have been placed on the coast by this institution are all of them self-righting, but the same means which are employed to obtain that power contribute much to their efficiency and safety in other respects. If filled by a sea the water would - in a few seconds be self-discharged, without the aid of pump or baler. Raving heavy iron keels and other bal last, and likewise other properties which increase lateral stability, they would be exceedingly difficult to upset, bu if upset they would instantaneously self-right, and return to an upright position. The crew, to be sure, would be all thrown overboard; but each man, being supplied with a superior life-belt, would be floated with his shoulders above the water's surface, and by the aid of life-lines, which surround the boat, he could without much difficulty get into her again. In one instance only has one of the above described boats been upset, which was occasioned by the capsizing of a schooner upon the life-boat. The self righting property of the latter was then the sole cause of the preservation of her own crew and that of the schooner, for had she not been righted they would all undoubtedly have perished. I need add no more with reference to these boats than that they have been the means of saving several crews of wrecked vessels during the recent storms, and that they have the unbounded confidence of their crews. As regaros the class of double lifeboats, to which that advocated by Mr. Severn belongs, they undoubtedly would be most difficult to upset. and cannot, unless seriously in jured, be swamped; but it is not so certain that they can be as readily propelled against a heavy sea as ordinary shaped boats, or that they possess equal advantages to them in some other respects. The National Lifeboat Institution owns one of that de scription—the double tubular lifeboat invented by Henry Richardson, Esq., of North Wales. She has saved a vessel's crew in the late gales, and is reported to have behaved very ' well, but sufficient trial has not yet been made of her to enable us to speak positively of her qualities. It is no doubt a natural thing that Mr. Severn should advocate, and think highly of, a brother's invention; but I conce ive that before publicly denouncing a class of boats already in use, of which he is wholly ignorant, but which possess the confidence of those who use them, the public have a right to expect that he should at the least take the trouble to make some inquiry ommand respecting them. J. R. WARD, Cer, R.N., Inspector of Lifeboats to the Royal National Lifeboat Institution. 4, John-street, A delphi, Jan. 8, 1857. "LOST ON THE GOODWIN."—A. correspondent, sign'ng himself Delta, in writing to a contemporary, says : " Sir,—Are these fearful words to be eternally ringing in our ears ? Some means other than lighthouses should be devised to warn the poor mariner from impending de struction. The lighthouse during a snow storm is worthless. Why riot try the effect of sound ? Let these fatal sands be thickly covered with buoys, and to each buoy let a large sonorous bell be attached. The clang of 1,000 great bells stt in motion by a tumultuous sea would almost awaken the Earl of Goodwin himself. Why, Sir, the chorus would be heard half across the channel ; and we should hear of no more vessels being eng ulfed in the Goodwin Sands. THE GIFT OF TONGUES —lt is well carefully to note the difference between Russia and England in regard to the cultivation of language for State purposes. There is not a country possessing a grammar in any diplomatic relation with St. Petersburg which has nut the acquisition of its native tongue provided fur in or near the Rusi-ian capital. At the imperial gymnasium, Novo-Toliersk ai k, iu the country of the Den Cost acks, military interpreters and translators fur the Caucasian invasions are taught Arabic, Tartan?, Avarian, and Tscherkessian ; at Storopol, Tartaric and Tscherkeseian form part of the educational system ; and throughout the land youig and able students are diligently trained to carry on free i ntercourse with foreign nations. English statesmen might do idler things than take this shrewd example into their consideration, and establish competent schools for instruction in the languages that bear upon ou r immense Asiatic and Indian interests. From the San sent, through the Affghan, Bokharan, Kurdian, Armenian, Albanian, to the Persian, Turkish, and Chinese, it ought to be our first care to see that native Englishmen could be found to conduct the important affairs of the British empire in theta languages ; and even their Bengali, Mabratti, Guzerati, Assamese, Kash merian, Kbasiyan, and other varieties. It is imperative to encourage the study of the Oriental languages in Eng laud, that we may have scholars capable of conversing with natives, and thus procuring supplies, gathering in formation, translating documents, writing circulars or proclamations, carrying on parleys, assisting at confer ences, and wording treaties. That we should usually need the intervention of strangers in such business is no sign of our wisdom. In all other countries which have any political, commercial, or religious connection with the East provision has been made to e ffect this ; and ever since the days of the Empress Catherine Russia bas won many a success through the qualifications of her diplomatic linguists. At Sr. Petersburg there is a chair for every branch of Oriental literature ; and at Kasen and elsewhere the chief languages o f tke East are regularly taug ht. The French Academy has alwnys co among its members the leading representatives Govern eve department of Eastern philology, besides thehthy ment school for the living tongues, which are taGug Oriental the most eminent professors. At Manna the rien al seminary of the Imperial press anddisseminates the the c ho i cest Prussia Oriental works, while even Denznar ~ ii raise Oriental scholars, an d employ them on missions, and as consuls and interpreters.—vCisCltS 110148C1rOta, IVorde. CHEAP EDITION OF LEVER'S WORKS. Now ready, in crown am, price 49., HARRY LORREQUER. By CHARLES LEVER. With Eight Illustrations by H. K. BaowNE. Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. • , ,„•;‘, , ?;, . 1 • 11111 i i i., • • ‘-, 1 ,!11. . n t " 4 . 'Al* • 4!",t - 0. - ut • 3/4 • / • - ". 4 tk i, oprif"" -r= %, • _ - • • \ $ -- - • - -- • Almik I X` 4 7i 1 1,4 •• ' -,- • 43 - '- f • 2* • • • -A - vet; 1. • • „ , )•••••• " 4 ,-, •, , . ).f10rT.4,4. c • •3§ fy7-7•-• ' 14;‘4,. : I / 7‘7604‘‘67-.°l-lAeo ."7 (/ 1 /W.'7,,ij ,</f ,- , . - 4* 41W., ,0, ~ f, •., , ~, - . -