The Sun. — London, England, 1840-12-11 00:00:00

Li; WEN '; NG IA:ID:-10N* commercial excitement, 1836. With the exceptiou hosiery and yarn, which have fallen off, this increase! is diffused over nearly every article of import. There was a marked decrease in the imports for the trading places on the coast, excepting Cutch, Scinde, Goa, Manilla, and the Mauritius. The increase ia the trade from Scinde arose from the increased imports of indigo and treasure, which would be seen fram the returns, which showed the imports of indigo in 1838 39 to be 4,48,13.5 rupees,': whilst in 1837-38 it was only 1,26,567 rupees ; of treasure, the imports in 183839 were 7,38,424 rupees, and in 1837-38 only 2,88,900 rupees. The falling off in the imports from Calcutta was principally in sugar and raw silk. The export trade of Bombay in 1838.39 was 4,81,46,160 rupees, and in 1839-40 4,04,71,799 rupees. Here again the fall ing off in the exports to China was enormous, having been in 1839-40 -only 63,42,405 rupees, whilst in 1838-39 it was 2,66,85,034 rupees. This was, how ever, in some degree balanced by an increased export to Singapore and Manilla of cotton and opium, ultimately destined for the China market. It was also in some degree made up by an increase in the exports to Great Britain, a portion of the cotton which would otherwise have found its way to China having been diverted to that market, the value of the cotton exported to the United Kingdom in 1839-40 being nearly double that of the preceding year. The following is a statement of the value of the principal expees to Great Britain in the years named : 1838.39. 1839-40. Cotton 47,69,000r5. ...... 89,45,000r5. India Piece goods 7,44,000 Coffee 3,14,000 Wool Elephants' teeth ... 3,17,000 Pepper .. 1,81,000 Sugar Hemp Tea 70,000 Indigo 41,000 ...... 4,14,000 Gums Raw Silk 45,000 Medicines & Drugs 89,000 The exports to Calcutta had increased very mate rially. In 1838-39 they amounted to 3,69,180r5., and in 1839.40 to 28,36,491r5., and the increase was for the roost part upon treasure, the amount of silver coin ex ported in the former year being 1,05,000r5., and in the latter 19,82,700r5. Almost every other article o! merchandise had also increased to a certain extent, es pecially beads, coffee, cocoa -nuts, medicines, and drugs, British piece goods, twist, salt, tea, vermilion, wood, and what was considered rather curious, indigo. The value of indigo exported from Bombay to Calcutta, accord ing to the Custom-house report, during the last year, was SB,oo7rs. _ _ . The great increase in the consumption of coal in Bengal is mentioned in the Indian newspapers as a cir cumstance of congratulation. The increase is esti mated at 12 lacs of maunds (say 8,200,0001 b.) per annum. The consideration of this increase has led to a curious investigation into the history of the con sumption of Bengal coal, and it appears that the earliest authentic information on the subject is, that a political agent, employed in the district of Bearbhoom, sent down in 1774 about 2,000 maunds (say 164,0001 b.) to the arsenal, from a village called Aytura, ,pear which the excavations are still visible. The supply, however, soon ceased, and it does not seem that the coals were approved of. The mines were neglected for above 40 years. A subsequent operation was commenced on the Srphet coal in 1815, and continued for above two years, when this experiment was abandoned. This caal has been found tar superior to the other, but cer tain local difficulties have prevented it from being freely .u:e('. In 1816 the mines of Burdwan were again 'Ostptored, and a Mr. Jones, supported by the Marquis of Hastings, who granted a loan from the Treasury, formed an establishment for working them, and con tinued his labours till 1821, when he found it neces sary to erect a steam-engine. He died before the coat i:let:on of this project, which fall into other hands ; but his sucecsors obtained a superior article, which was scon uoal in ;be smithies and in the steam-engine at Seram re construction of the Diana steamer at Cal cutta about this tint:" gave a new impulse to the work ing of the colieries, and a second colliery was erected in 1826, when the Burmese war found eoestant employ h,ent tiae Enterprise, the iitst steamer that went from Wand to India. S.nce then the detnand has 'rearn!-Irly incrersed, having been 150,000 meuods in 1326, and 1o0:000 in 1839, and it is expected it will exce.al that amount th s year by 100,000 at least. At- Las also been erawn to the project of oil - Tree:cc co sl in ile leaf deg of bricks, end it is calcullt , that r.t the present titre about 130.000 maunds arc thus an- y in the n, , iolbourlood of Catenua. Bj- SYst'S !hiS, atb , Juz. 120,000 rnaunds are; in the ;Irmo is,,t.ur,.• tit runi ;ind sug-ar ; and this a biii : y of the co'cony ts ()A XJ us t.q , t tcture sue'l important article: b. rosource , ,_ ond the pzobabi:ity o 1 its tlre.,t7.-.oduciive nrzs, wi it a fair trial, is use.' cs a frc.sh a , gament in favour of. 'be reninvA of the d soriminaung duties to pr,oducc is subjected, and against the re !Le labo!:rog popu! , :tion ti::: culiArraiott-el till , subj-et of thu Frurch loan to al),.orLl wtentiUn in the City. NVe were r;ght ennr!.,(n in putting down NI. Hurnann's more jai ..ants at from right to tt - r: ,sterling, but Ile rcou 7 re a lola to that ex- ae.C.?!eft it i, nO. cerla!n I.•rit. it., Its c.,;!•pr s•wrc+, errp!oy to SLlpp!y !he aFsis - - I fr:i. ctlCt Lc atrt TiCY, iilld B s r'' , ;. r reasoo a hilt he should to 'mike up the charged upon the es' i za o.es. Mr. Bring very wis:ly rut on an additional centar on the custornl, excise, and assesied t.rxt , s in thi7. coartry, to coo:pens,te for th short coming in nor pro:L.I,7M by on increased expnditute, and Kp " ,1 1 , k his exurp!e Might b. follyxed by the Fruneh Fniarce with good vfLet under existing eir etim4!j,t!:•s. The so plies vo'ed by the Francis ore much less tli“n ours is p•oportion to the popu "llion, arid our neighhnur3 c 0,11,1 not grumble if their ni,ter Acre to propose a gen-ral imposition of ten or fi IC:•n per cent. on their diret taxes to ail in providing kr the rxpenss of ttlantaininr, on attned e getler.O. opinion hoiog that the am , :unt of tae loan si I net b e Iv ) Ire try na w:.:s at first aaticipat.A, the Eng4h Fuels Hve rather improvcd to-lily. It rumoured that It lean of tour re.tliioni ste,ling, at 90, his b•en enntr:e.ted for in AlisterLni, by the house of Ilf).;,.! and Co. !esi,leg, what cou'd raitrd the .baps of II CG tVSX HER ALD.— incr. - 17uli , y is ism -eyed in th e Cit) as to the c , n!rni - date,l anicuct of the leaa at,out to ttc rdi s p,l in Frai;c4: . : For the public 'CI ;C', which in thr. lie; . ald this mor.iia4 is at 500.0)0,000% or `20.W0 0001. Aceorilieg to the staterannt of M. I - I.:al.:nu it would tilt appear th.lt on:•-lrAlf tha aznoiti.t can ha least for 0711:: 6:112 to come rtr bort., oF tizsr. year. If a lare:er sum than 13) or IC:9.OiT) U 30.. be raisA now by way of loan, it cte oily he on to , .3calcul ition that the monoy :rkets of Franec tin t Europe, i!i at ease as they are no,s, are in a mare favourahle pl4ition than they are I:kr..ly to be next year and the year after ; that is in tact, to speak platu!y, that the extraordi Lary armaments of France ha,l-anti have rvference to other contingencies et public aff.tirs, and eiwri of more consequence than tho.ie o f Egypt and Svri t ; and therefore that it is deemel prudent to take time by the forelo.A an -I provide num the means Of pre p tratott and action which hereafter na 7 ght not be famed so readily. The particular contingency on which the coatinuance of peace may - yet be said to havg, can, i f c o urse, have reference only to Spain, Another and ur:- expe,:ted loon operation is spok , n of to-day, not h9ty rv.ir as a matter in contemplation, but as a 'act ac evplishcd. It is stated that a loan to Russia has ae tAll h:cri contracted for by the house of Hope arid Co. of Amsterdam in a Four per Cent. Stock at the rat© of 90. The amount is not mentioned. It is quite e!ear from these facts and signs abroad that now more than ever the vigilance of the Directors of the Bank of • E"gland must be constant exercise. The increase of - expenditure caused by the war armaments of France must eau.se a simultan:•eus increase, if not to the same extutt, in o th er S tates o f t h e C ont i nent , as i t seems h as -eon toe case in Russia, and therefore the resources of the money markets here and elsewhere are likely to be severely POST.—It will have been observed by the Paris flaws that the Finance Minister of France makes out a deficit in the national resources of about .550 million francs, as applicable to the years 1840 and 1841. The arrangements in progress respect to the fortifica tions and other public works": armaments will, in the end, produce an a ggregate n d vi e h. ciency of 800 mil viesich. will have to be lion francs (32 millions sterling), which in the shape of made good by extraordinary year, sterling loans or otherwise. From 10 t p o re l a must be forthcoming during the Lt in the next, but by what process it is to he r 'm o a r n e a a g r e l d y has not apparently yet been determined. It is absurd to suppose that the financial affairs of this country will not be affected by the measu re, whatever plan may be adopted. Although the result of the Presidential election i n the United Statos has been bailed by the mercantile community of England with expreisions of unbounded pleasure, we think there are considerations involved in the triumph of the candidate opposed to Mr. Van Buren which afilard but little cause for congratulation. Our readers are aware, from what we had before said upon the subject, that the tariff of the United States is un dergoing a gradual reduction, the progression of which ues until the year 1842, when the rate of duty On alliti ar s tiels of importation w ill b e fi xe d at twenty per cent, e the maximum. It was the introduction of this project by the hand of Mr. Clay that served to reconcile the States, between the northern and souther n for the interests of th ese sec ti ons o f the union areinple antagonism, the one empl o yin g its labour in agriculture, Com the pri,en other in manuk.ctures. The loco foco party, or incumbents of the Govern ment, are opposed to the maximum of twenty per cent. a nd their demands will only be satisfied when the cur toms d u ty shall be lowered toA per cent. Here the loco locos become identified with the c cotton-growing di s tricts. The Harrison influence, on th e ot h er hand, -eprt'sented in the person of Mc. Webster, has increased in the northern districts of the Commonwealth, and is now clearly mixed up with their manufacturinz skill. We should not be surprised, therefout. if the Modifi cation Bill of Mr. Clay were suspended, or its rurpese defeated, by the successors of the Van Buren party. Under these circumstances, we would caution the en terprising people of this country not to be over sanguine as to the future, but rather to confine their manufac turing labours to their present circumscribed limits un til the policy of the new men, with regard to the foreign trade, shall be developed. A steam-ship, considered to be the British Queen, was seen about a day's sail from the banks of New foundland on the night of the 18th of November. It would be the 22d ult. before she could reach New York. SUN.—There were no arrivals all day, with late in telligence of public interest. The Funds closed steadily, except as regards Exche quer Bills, in which some heavy sales were made, causing the premium to drop to ls., though the latest quotation this afternoon was 3s. Consols were 90 with dividend, for Money, and 891 to t- without it. Bank Stock was at 1561. India Bonds rallied from 15 to 12 discount. The New Three-and-a-Half per Cents. were at 978 ex div. for the Opening. Business in the Foreign Market was very restricted, and prices were much the same. Spanish Active Bonds realized 24f-, to 1, Portuguese Five per Cents. of 1837 were at 34, and the Three per Cents. at 228 and 218. Colombian were dull at 25i, Buenos Ayres were marked 181, Brazilian 71 to 711, and Mexican Deferred 10 to 10 : 1-. Belgian Bonds were at 98, being a shade lower, and Dutch Two•and-a-Half per Cents. at 511. The Funds at Amsterdam on Tuesday afternoon were more buoyant, the Two-and-a-Half per Cents. closing at 50 1-16th, and the Five per Cents. at 97. The Share Market was rather brisk, and the previous ratee were fully maintained. In some instances there was a slight advance. Great Western brought 24 to 231, the New at 101 to 11, the Fifths 44 to 1, the Birmingham 80, and the Liverpool and Manchester 85 premium. Brighton shares were Sr to 84 discount ; Blackwall, 44, and South-Eastern 16 discount. London Joint-Stock Bank Shares were 3 premium. ..-~ > FRAN CE. CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES. —SITTING OF DEC. 9. At a quarter past two M. Dufaure took the chair, and read the answer of his Majesty to the address from the chamber, which was presented to the King on Mon day evening. The Minister of Public Works rose to solicit a fur ther grant of 3,000,000 f for the relief of the sufferers in the south of France, in consequence of the late inun dations in that part of the country, and for the repair of the bridges, roads, &c. destroyed by that calamity. The Hon. Gentleman entered into a long detail of the disasters which have been occasioned by that terrible misfortune. M. Fuldinon proposed that the discussion should not take place before Thursday, 17th December, and that day was definitively agreed to. The Order of the Day was the Bill for a supplemen tary credit of 700,000 f, for the relief of foreign refu gees in France, when the following project of law, as amended by the Committee, was presented to the Chamber : " Art. 1. A credit of 700,000 f. is granted to the Administration of the Interior, as a supplementary credit to the sum of 2,350,000 f. existing in the 27th chapter of the Budget of the Administration of the In terior, for the year 1840, for the relief of the fo reigners obliged to seek refuge in France through poli tical events. " Art. 2. The expenses authorised by the present law will be provided for by the resources granted by the law of finance of the 10th August, 1839, to meet the ne cessities of the year 1840." M. Dugabe availed himself of the opportunity afforded him by the Bill to attack the policy of France with respect to Spain, and proceeded to say that while France was losing all her influence in the Peninsula, England contrived to obtain all the influence which this country had lost, and that Passages was evacuated by the - English solely for the purpose of doing in- ' jury to France; ar.d, precisely at the very mo ment when this was taking place, an army of 27,000 men entered our territory as refugees ; and now that the Spanish Ministry has published an am nesty in behalf of those very refugees, our Ministry comes f :morel for a suppLenentary grunt •of 700,000 francs for their subsistence. It is true that this amnesty, to the eternal shame of the Ministry, is c xtremely limited, as it neither includes effacers, priests, nor public func tionaries of any importance. Here the lion. Menilter strongly onimadverted on the restrictions contained in the S i r eish amnesty, and stated that his motive for ad dreaiing the Chamber was to inquire from Government how long this burden was to last, and what it intended tail. rsi h respect to the amnest.y ; and, at the same time, he thoul.ht it, but just to complain of the Spaniards ast t his morncnt detained in the citadel of Lille. ct,,t (rent had rightly deter toed on making no interven tion whatever, either by word or- deed, in the internal measures of Spain, that the refugees were by no means a burden imposed on the nation, as the supplies granted them were solely a gencreus relief from the French people. ! Delarey here (lcannded whether the Govern ment would grant rdial to those refugees who, through +0 it or of to the conditions of the amnesty. should rrfirse to return to their native land . ? and .-.ffirrned that no distinction with respect to the pel.ti el principles of the refugees should be made. The Hon. Member cornpleined of the decay of the French influence in Spain, owl of the total overthrew of the policy adopted by Louis XIV., when the family of that Monarch ascen ded the Spanish throne, and which policy was so well ex plained by the words—there are no more Pyrenees. M. Delarey also alluded to a certain note published by cer tjn papers, as corning from M. Ferrer, Minister of Fo reign Affairs in Spain, a note which he entitled highly injurious to this country.—(Here M. Guizot denied the existence of the note alluded to.) Tile lion. Mem ber terminated by asserting that the English had al. ways seen with manifest displettsure the influence of France in Spain ; aid that, in 1823, they had strongly afjected to the march -of a French army into that country, on account of the influence this country might squire from the restoration of Ferdinand VII. to his throne. M. Dochatel (Minister of the Interior) stated that it .:as the duty of „France, when the refugees crossed the irfmtiers, to come to the it relief, and that, if she had not done so, she would have drawn on herself, and deserv edly, the charge of inhumanity ; but he nius,, neverthe haa, protest against its being encumbcnt on the country to ennsider the generosity hitherto bestowed on the re fugees as a permanent charge. The Minister then Acted that Balmuseda had been detained in France for :lie purpose of preventing civil war in Spain, and that France would 11lwa3 a do all she could to prevent Spin from being a prey to so dire a calamity. M. Chegaray ob,lerved that the influence of France must be infallibly injured in Spain by the everlasting manncr in which the influence of France in that country was continuJily on the topic, as it co&d not but give of fence to the noble pride of the inhabitants of the Pc- The Ist article was then put to the vote and adopted. The 2d article was then put to the vote and aloptt.d. The articles being adopted, the Chamber preeceded to vote by ballet on the ensemble of the Bill, when The oumber3 were for the Bill 227 Agains• Majority in favour of the Bill The Chamber then adjourned. -269 (From Galignani's Messenger.) Most of the Opposition Journals which bad noticed in leading articles the financial expose of M. Humane, again comment upon it in the same strain, and the Con stitutionnel, which had made no remark respecting this expose, has how a long article on the sutject. It, is sufficient to say of this article that it denies to the supporters of the present Ministry the right of fixing upon M. Thiers the blame of the deficit mentioned by M. Humerl, and remarks that the deficit during the Administration of M. Thiers was only 164,000,000 f. The Constilutionnel forgets that the real and presumed deficit for which M. Thiers is reproached has been ascribed to his policy, and, therefore, that if that policy was erroneous, and of a nature to produce dis astrous consequences, those consequences may be fairly ascribed to the author of such policy, unless circum stances, on the arrival of his successors in office, had been such as to have enabled thou to lay it wholly aside, and to stop the deficit cowed by their prede cessors at the very moment when the portfolios of office were transferred. The argument of the present Cabi net in favour of continuing the armaments of M. Thiers is not that they would have armed if they had been in office from the month of March, but that M. Thiers baying failed in negotiations where they would not have failed, and having rendered war probable where before it was hardly possible, they were corn- . pall e d to keep up an expenditure of which the Thiers' Cabinet alone was the cause. The Constitutionnel, how ever, takes up another ground of defence for M. Thiers. Whatever the real deficiency arising from his policy I maybe, it c l a i ms f or h i m the merit of true patriotism in putting the country in a position to command respect, r and remi n d s t h e political adversaries of the ex-Minis ter everything that, far alongnecessary p fo e r riod before his return to office, i coun try, and for maintaini ng its dtighe d nityin fe t ri h e e e pre o s f en t e h e e of otlierpowers, bad been so neglected that it was impossible to obtain for it any degree of influence in Europe without the extraordinary expenditure with which M. Thiers has been reproached, but in incurring which, says the tobP o t u a d k . e — s tCooaurrierreozicitauist,ioiinznealn, he li articlead r o e : so thisn subject, cer tain extent the same line of argument as the Constitzs tionnel, but arrives more directly at the conclusion e:lich the Constitutionnel seems to have had in view— viz., that it is very unfair to continue the expenditur e of M. Thiers for a policy which was not his, and then to say to the country, " See to what a lamentable result the Thiers policy has led." The deficit estimated by THE AIN, LONDON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 11, 18 M. Humann, says the Gloomier, is for an nrrnsd peace, which was not the policy of the late Cabinet. M. Thiers was arming, in order to obtain in the spring the solution of the eastern question on his own terms, or then to go to war. This is not an unfair mode of treating the subject. It may be replied by !In ministerial journals, that the necessity for assuming such an attitude arose from the incapacity of the late Cabinet to negotiate with effect, and that war for such an object would have been one of those affairs of life in which le jeu ne vaut pas la chandelle, and it may be said again, as has been said a hundred times, that the 859,000,000 of real or assumed deficit, for an armed peace of two years and a half, is but a mere fraction of what a war expenditure would have been, in which nothing but " the bubble reputation at the cannon's mouth" was to be gained ; but the answer to this on the part of the war journals is, that war became a duty of honour, and that there was, at least, the chance of recovering all the war expenditure by success against the allies ; whereas, the expenditure of an armed peace is necessarily all loss and no gain. This argument may be a very weak one ; but it is argument, and, as such, comes at once to the point. The Presse has a very long article on the alliance, or, as it says, non-alliance with France, from which we would willingly give an extract or two,but the article is so dovetailed that it would be difficult to extract a portion without injury to the whole. It will be remembered by our readers, that, previously to the treaty of July 15, the Presse was one of the most avowed opponents of the alliance with England, and from time to time gave articles which were intended to show that it would be the inte rest of France to get rid of this alliance and seek for alliance elsewhere. Whilst this journal was opposing the late Cabinet on the Eastern question it either had not leisure to return to what was previously its favou rite theme, or it had motives for abstaining from it of which we are ignorant. No sooner, however, is the. Eastern question settled, than it devotes at once more than two columns of leading article to its old subject. As one of the organs of a Conservative party in France the arguments of the Presse are entitled to notice, if it be merely to expose their sophistry. This journal be gins by saying that the alliance with England is at an end, and that it is delighted at the fact, without, how ever, being angry with England, that country being merely actuated by a desire to promote its interests, unaccompanied by any bad feeling towards France. In the mere assertion that the alliance with Eng land is at an end, there is a fallacy which it is high time to remove. Political feeling in the two countries may have undergone a change, but the Treaty signed by the Four Powers for the settlement of a particular question does not constitute a rupture with England in the true sense of the term, for, the Eastern question being at an end, England is unfettered by an alliance with other Powers, which could prevent her from forming with France a junction on any other question, in which the interests of both might be the same. The alliance of principle between the two na tions must remain just what it was, for the Eastern question has been merely one of real or supposed in terests, in which England and Frahce were not agreed, and no principle common to both nations, and arising out of a harmony of political institutions, was involved. Assuming, however, that the alliance with England is broken off, and that France may now seek for allies elsewhere, the Presse proceeds to show to what purpose the rupture may be turned. It asserts that England never could be a warm friend to France, because she wishes to retain the supremacy of the seas, and to have an exclusive monopoly of the markets of the whole world, and that France having once got rid of a lukewarm friend, may open new markets, and augment the number of her ships. As regards the opening of new markets, it does not appear that the means of England would be crippled by the cultivation of exclusive alliances between France and the continent, for if France were to have even treaties of commerce with all the nations of the continent, she would not be able to sell more goods there than she does now, unless they should be better and cheaper than those of Eng land, for these are not times in a Lich people of any country will pay to one nation a higher price for pro duce and manufactures than they could have them for from another, and no Government would attempt to compel its subjects t o pay a l arger pr i ce f or F renc h articles, than for those of England or any other State. France, therefore, would gain nothing by treaties with other Powers based on an unfriendly feeling towards England, which she cannot gain now, for the field of competition is open to her all over the world ; even with the most cordial political alliance with Eug land she has only to manufacture cheaply and well to increase the amount of her sales in markets where a prererence is now given to English goods. By a cold. ness towards England, however, in which nothing could be gained, something might be lost. A very large pot Lion of French commerce is carried on with England herself, and by drawing more closely the bonds of aili ance with that country, the conclusion of an equitable treaty of commerce, new and important channels of in dustry would be opened to France. As to the supposed jealousy - of the Enelisla on the subject of the Fienci , IR - 4 , 7 11.14 LIJ (.4.sirlit . 11 e ranti were in intimate alliance with England, both rations might, as a m'aeure of econnir r;, remain just when they are, knowing well that they have nothing to fear ftma the rest of the world ; on the contrary, if the coldness recommended by the Presse should be re sorted to, and Prance should increase her navy. England would probably do the same, and then the same causes of distrust and jealousy would still exist, and the proportionate strength would he the same the only change would be in the expenditure, which would be increased, to the injur y of commerce, without nny beneficial result. Another great argument with the Presse in favour of non-allian&e with Er,gland, is that ilre Powers of the Continent would no longer look upon France with distrust if she was detached from her al liance with England, and that, all fear being removed, the French would have security at home, and be able to dev,,te themselves with the proper degree of union and energy to the pursuits of agriculture and trade. If the words and acts of the continental Powers are to be believed, they want nothing in France but good govern ment and domestic peace ; and they profess a determi nation to leave her at peace, if they be left at pent h niselvcs. The true interest of France would appear to be to remain at peace ; and cultivate fricruty co mmereial xliances with all the Powers of the world, not to incur the risk of making any one State an enemy, or, at any rate, of losing commercial advantages :v it} one State by attempting to set up exclusive alliance: with the rest. The X Oland publishes this morning an artiela it which it blames the Government for the delay in com mencing the works rendered necessary by the late inun dations, and expresses a.doubt whether the distribution of relief is not made with partial views founded on political interest. The National is completely mistaken, and it is shame• fully calumniating the intentions of the Government tr take up such offensive suppositions. The Government hastened to lay before the Chambers projects of hit; rclative to relief to the sufferers by the inundo.tions. Tne works for repairing the damage have been begun wherever the state of the water permitted. It iz impossible to know at this moment the amount o f the losses experienced in the several places whiel, suffered by the disaster, but the distribution of the re lief already voted by the Chamber, is made with the most perfect equality, and solely with a view to the in terest of the sufferers.—Le Moniker. A letter from Vienna says that Prince Metternich indisposed. He is nearly sixty-eight years of age.—/a Gazette de France. A letter from Malta of 80th Nov , which has been communicated to us this evening, mentions the im portant fact, that "the passage by the Isthmus of Suez. is declared free in favour of the English by the Sultan as well as by the Pacha of Egypt. The Pacha, says the letter, seeing himself abandoned by France, threw himself into the arms of England. He even took the lead by coming to an arrangement to be proposed to Lord Palmerston through the medium 'of the Governor of Malta, but he wished to keep the Turkish fleet and leave an army in Syria till England should have ob tained from the Porte the ratification of the agreement to his hereditary possession of Egypt. This England would not consent to, it being decided that Mehemet Ali should submit unconditionally, which has been done, since it is well understood that the Sultan is bound to nothing, and that whatever Mehemet obtains be will owe it to the generosity of the Sultan, which the Eng lish have, however, engaged to solicit, and why should it not. As things stand, is not Mehemet Ali the best Go vernor of Egpyt that it could choose P—Le Commerce In fact, the Baulougnais are very much a &Wu and ;town-hearted, and curse the evil day when that man nikin statesman, little Thiers, attempted to jockey Eu rope, pretty much in the fashion he used to adopt with the brigand booksellers of Paris. Metternich and Pal merston are, however, different men from Ladvocat ;Ind Gossclin. Thiers, however, has but one standard. He looks at all mankind] through the spectacles of an Old Bailey barrister. 'eon, have demanded leave of the Minister of t\Var, to send a deputation to form part of the grand funeral pro- cession. Notice has been issued from the Bureau des Beaux Arts, in the :office of the Minister of the Interior, that the demands for tickets to view the ceremony of the funeral of Napoleon having already surpassed the num ber of places to be allotted, no further applications will be received. A letter from Cherbourg states that, since last Wed nesday evening, cannon have been fired there every quarter of an hour. The Phare de la Manche says—" Ever since Thursday the Belle Poole has been crowded with people anxious to view the coffin of Napolean. It fills nearly the whole of the Chapelle Ardente, but the splendid sarcophagus made at Paris is not exposed, being still inclosed in the case of oak made to preserve it from injury on being carried on board, and in its subsequent removals. The whole of the coffins from a mass weighing 4,4001b5. They remain covered with a pall of violet velvet. At the head is placed an Imperial crown with a crape veil, and at the foot is suspended a gilt lamp. The whole of the roof and sides of the chapel are hung with velvet sprinkled with silver stars, and ornamented with silver cords, fringes, and tassels.. The chamber is lighted with six lanterns, one at each corner of the coffin, and one on against the bulkhead of the o f f icer's berth. It is the two sides of the al t ar , which is placed behind sup ported by two large gilt eagles. The whole produces a rich and imposing effect. Captain Penaud, aide-de-camp of the Minister of Marine, has left Paris for Cherbourg, charged with a special mission relative to the transport of the remains of Napoleon the Emperor. Captain Penaud is to place himself under the orders of the Prince de Joinville. SPAIN. MADRID, DEC. 2. It appears positive that the Government is going to establish at Bergara, Tolosa, and St. Sebastian, Judges of Premiere Instance, on the same footing as they were in year 1822, under the constitutional regime. The Government acts modify by degrees the fueros of the provinces. ei.The Corresponsal says :—" 'We have received with the Catalonian correspondence that of the Balearic Islands. Those islands were enjoying the most perfect tranquillity, but the alarming rumours that had been spread respecting the intentions of France on those islands, and the eternal questions of individual interest brought into play by the Junta of Palma, had somewhat agitated the minds of the peaceable and loyal inhabit ants of those Mediterranean possessions. Two points in our Barcelona adviees deserve to rivet the attention of our readers and all Spaniards who are interested in the well-being of their country. We allude to the im positions exacted in Catalonia for the maintenance of the troops, and of the distressing aspect of the Catalo nian manufacturing interests." The same journal has the following extract of a letter from Mahon of the 12th of November : " The augmentation which our garrison has just ex perienced is insignificant, but it is stated that it is to be carried to 14,000 men. A few days ago the French corvette, Victorieuse, arrived in our river from Palma. The report is circulated that one of her officers left for Toulon, with the only object of transmitting to his Go vernment the observations which have been made cn the Mfijorea and Minorca Islands. It may be true, but there is no appearance here of any preparations being made for lodging and victualling such a great number of troops." The Eco del Comercio approves of the determination taken by the Regency relative to the fucros of the Na varre. That journal observes, " that, if an undertand ing is effcctcd with the Navarre on that delicate ques ion, the greatest difficulty has yet to be overcome. The four provinces form a sort of federation, and which have regulations between themselves, that, if any or either of them effcct an arrangement with the Govern ment, it- is not the less cnmpellcd to conform to the principles ►which govern their respective relations." BELGIUM. BRUSSEL', DEC. G.—The average price of wheat last wcult was 19f. 58c., that of rye, 11 f. 46c. The export and import duties arc therefore not altered. In the Chamber of Representatives yesterday the order of the dry was the debate on the public debt and dotations. M. Delchaye mentioned a circumstance on i.hc article concerning the annual sum of 10,582,010 f. 58 centimes, to be paid according to article 13 of the Treaty of 19th April, 1839. The 4th section having desired to know whether this sum was paid entire, or whether a part had been with- held as a security for the claims of the Belgian Govern :neat on the Government of the Netherlands, the re porter declared that the information obtained on this question bad been completely satisfactory. The ::peaker thought this declaration much too vague, and protested against the facility with which :the Chum -I,or sum of the &tit - to lioitana without te aininrri pl;-dge for the good faith of Holland. Some debate arose on the subject, which terminated by the close of the general discussion, on xhich the Chamber proceeded to the several articles. rtELGIAN H UNI)6-13aussELd, rEc. S. Actoci Debt, 23_ per Cent. fiethschild's Loan, 5 per Cut !.7 Loan of Thirty Minions, 4 per Cent (1 . 4') • 3per Cent. -Thirty-seven--__ _____ Loan of City, 183.2, .1 per (cat 9O Society of Cernmqrce, 4 ~.;? per Cent Bank el Belgium, 5 per Cent t•7B National Society. Exchange en 1.011,101 , 1 (short) —Brussels Papers, D ec . 9. AUSTRIAN FUNI)S._..VIENNA, DEC. 1 five per Cott!. Mctallt , nes FOX r per Cent 10(1 Three iy:r Cents. Bar,.!: Share!, —.Auffeyneine Zeitung, Dec. 6 H. A 111 BU liG BORAENFIALLE, DEC 8 - DEC. __ Bills. Ittfmey Austrian 5 per Cents. Rank Shares A ni.lo.lt es sian Low , 1 0 , 4 34 .0;I Ruzsian 5 per Cent. !st series, C , rtiticate Se- 'a Inscription, Ist -- , l O3 Itusian 5 per Cent. Hop_ and Co. 3tl and 4th Serics ... ................................... - Ditto in Certifirv.tes Dutch .actual Debt, 2y; ) pe. Cent 4l Ditto . per Cent — Polish Bond. ........................ . - 144 New ticket - A r.710-I.)aiiisli Loan, 3 per CCD 73% : t or sgianv Lean, 153.1, 4 per Gil:. rlftrl Sh i , NCI , / 3 per Cents. .... _ EXCEIANGV,S ON LONDON . 11 AM BURG, DEC. t 3 .-13 4 .—Two months, 13 1% PET ERSBURGH , Nov. 27.--Two months, 29 1-16 pence STOCE liot.m, Nov. V.—Seventy-five days, 11. 40. rtE KM N . DEC. 5. - Three months, 6, 1 ii y VIENNA, Nov. 28.-1 lime months. O. 44.. WAR PREPARATIONS IN FRANCE BOCLOGNE-SCR-MER, DEC. 9. I arrircd here this morning at one o'clock, and can not quit the place without giving you the fruits of what I have seen and learned. It is now five weeks since 1 ;eft Boulogne. It was then cheerless and desolate. Although the Guizot Ministry is infinitely more firmly established now than it was then—although the most orilliatt feats of arms have since crowned the British army, and the war in Syria may be said to be e.t an end, yet I regret that these manifestations of the surpassing oroniptitude and power of Great Britain, far from ope rating to ea'm the turbulent effervescence of the majority of Frenchmen, has only served to madden and gall them the more. We are hated with a more intense hatred than formerly, precisely for the reason that we are dreaded and feared. But though hatred and fear of us lie close to the hearts of ail those who clamour aloud for war, there is nothing on their lips but epithets of contumely and contempt. I do not deny that the higher commercial classes, and some of the "shopkeepers, lament this temper of the national mind ; but they are overborne by that vulgar, vaunting, drum-beating, gas c sour minded sous yficiers, who are the plague of France, a n d a w di h n o g 6of ambitious privates and envious will become the pest of Europe, unless they are silenced and put down. The preparation s for war continue in this town and neighbourhood with unabated activity. Batteries have been placed along the jetty and behind the baths of M. Mancel, but, maugre all these boastful preparations, I do not hesitate to say that a couple of frigates, with 800 or 1,000 marines, could take all these batteries, and turn them against and destroy the town itself in a very few hours. That this sad necessity may never arise, I most fervently pray ; but how, I ask, are you—how is any Englishman who walks the streets of Boulogne, fed with English gas, and pampered into something like a decent town, from being a wretched fishing village, by English capital—how is an Englishman to put a bit and bridle into the jaws of those creatures, spurred, mus tachoed, and leather -breeched. who trail their long cavalry swords along the pave, unless he tells them the whole truth, not by mouthfuls only, but solidly and in the lump? Apropos of cavalry. Is it not monstrous that a con tract for 1,300 English horses should be in the count) of execution for the last seven weeks at 880 f., or 351.45. 2d. per horse, and that not a single London journal should have called attention to the subject ? Already 635 of these horses have been delivered-620 from London, and 15, at one o'clock to-day from Dover. In 1814, the then Prince Regent presented to Louis XVIII, 1,000 of his best cavalry horses to mount his Rarde du corps, but it is a fact that every one of those steeds so presented were at Waterloo. Not only, therefore, are we impoverishing our own steeds and crippling perhaps our own resources, but we are furnishing to our•most dangerous—l fear our most inveterate, and certainly most proximate—rival, the means of mounting one of the most formidable branches of his army. Commerce is here in a deplorable state. Confi dence is entirely departed, and within the last month there have been more than 30 failures. An intelli gent and prudent tradesman, to whom I was speaking this morning, counted me seven in his own street. As usual in periods of political excitement and stagnation of trade, all sorts of rumours aro rife. To-day there is the report of a rising yesterday at Cherbourg, as there was yesterday of an cuzeute at Paris. I need not say that both rumours are wholly destitute of foundation BOURSE-PARIS, WEDNESDAY, DEC. 9. I irst Highest Lowest Last Price Price. Friel,. Price French 5 rer Cents llO 65 ... 111 40 .., 110 55 ... 111 25 4 per Cents 9B ... 98 ... 98 ... 98 3 per Cents 76 95 ~.. 77 50 ... 76 95 ... 77 50 3ank of trance L: tlitte Bank 5000 f. Shares 5155 ...5155 ... 5150 ...5150 !:eigian Bank 5 per Cent, its ... 98 ... 98 ... 18 New Loan CIN ... 93W ... 98g ... 98% •iii.ailt-h Active Z4 ... 24 ... 24 ... 24 New Dcferred .11% ... 11% ... 11 % .. 11% c.:ii oh; -iii fiomar 9Bl ... 99 ... 98% ...99 RAILWAY SHARES. St Getrnain Versa'llel, It. B ... 390 390 ... 390 ... 390 L.B. 295 ... 300 ... 295 ... 39C Orleans . S:rasturg:to Bale 243 7: ... 245 ... `,.42 50 .. 245 NAPOLEON'S REMAINS. (From the Paris Papers of W e d nes d ay .) " The duty with which the Prince de Joinville is charged," says the Debats, " does not terminate until the remains of Napoleon are deposited in the Invalides, His Royal Higl n , ss, therefore, will have the command of the Normandie steamer and the w h o l e o f t h e escor t until the rrrival at Courbevoie. On reaching the bridge of Neuilly the Prince will come on shore, superintend the landing and follow the processi on , at t h e h ea d o f 400 sailors. His Royal Highness is instructed not to permit any communication with tne steamer during her passage, nor to sutler any one on board to land, ex cept for provisions." 'the C'onstitutionnel states that numerous Poles, in cluding several general officers who served under Napo- ECCLESIASTICAL OPPRESSION. Mr. EDITOR.--I beg, through the columns of your paper, to call the attention of the public to the follow ing case of clerical oppression, as I am certain that, on a perusal of the facts it contains, nothing will he wanting to place the conduct of its author, a professed minister of the Christian religion, in its proper light ; and I trust it will be the means of arousing the public to re newed efforts to rid our beloved country of those anti- Christian sinks of injustice and iniquity, the Ecclesias tical Courts. There is at present in our county gaol a poor widow, aged 60, named Sarah Young, from Whitebrook, in the parish of Landogo, in this county, where she has been confined nearly seven months for alleged contempt of the Ecclesiastical Court of Llandaff, whither she was illegally cited at the slit of the Rev. Dr. Lyle, of that place, for the sum of 31. 10s., said to be due to him for tithes. I say illegally, as there is an Act of Parliament expressly to prevent any one being cited to that Court for any sum under 101. It appears her husband, who was a wood cutter, died about seven years since, leaving her with seven children. He was possessed of a small cottage and three small pieces of land, containing three acres, which were encumbered with a mortgage of 701. Three years and a half since she sold two of the pieces for 751. for the purpose, as she states, of having the rest clear. The whole of the land was originally charged with 7s. per annum tithe, which has since been raised to 15s. ; but although she had sold the two pieces, the whole amount has been charged to her, and is included in the 31. 10s. Her two eldest boys resided with her, and worked as woodcutters ; and herself, assisted by two other chil dren, worked in a paper-mill, and, as she says, with difficulty was thus enabled to get bread for them. A demand for the tithe was made from her in the usual way by a printed circular, signed " Michael Davis, Usk," calling on her to pay it at the Sloop, at Lan dogo. She said it was not in her power then to pay it. Soon after she was served with a citation from the Bishop's Court at Llandaff, calling on her to appear there on a certain day. She says she was ill at the time from an accident, and it was more than forty miles, and being destitute of money it was impossible for her to attend. In a short time she received another, when she told the man she would pay it if they would give her a little time ; but the result was that she was pronounced in contempt. A writ was issued against her, she was dragged from her home and children in bad health, and put into prison, where she still re mains. She says she was so ill for three days after be ing brought there, that she was unable to take her clothes off ; and had it not been for the kindness of the family of Mr. Ford, the gaoler—to their ho nour be it spoken—who supplied her with little comforts, she thinks death ere this would have re lieved her from the grasp of her merciless persecutors. A proctor at Llandaff, named Stephens, has recently sent to say that if Mrs. Young, her two sons, and a brother of hers, named Martin, residing at Red brook (who is the father of fourteen children), will join in a promissory note for 181., which he has sent for execution to Messrs. Fowles and Tyler, of this town, for expenses incurred in that abominable Court, he will forward her discharge ; but they have not the means of paying this enormous demand, and I trust if they had they would not gratify this thirst for plunder by paying expenses illegally incurred. I am certain that, when the case is known, a feeling will be raised before which such un-Christian oppression must bide its odious head, and the woman be again restored to her liberty and family, of which she has been so unlaw fully deprived. The Act of Parliament to which I have referred is the 53d Geerge 111., c. 127, s. 4, wherein it states as follows :—" And whereas it has become expedient to extend the Act of William 111. to all tithes of limited amount, be it enacted, that from and after the passing of this Act the Justices shall he authorized and are required to hear and determine ail complaints touching tithes, &c., when the same shall not exceed 101. from any one person." Therefore it is clear that the reverend tithe-owner could have had no pre tence for taking her there at all ; but I am informed it is the practice in that neighbourhood to cite the poor cottagers, and thus frighten them, instead of using the lawlul means of summoning before the Magistrates for its recovery. How any man, much more a minister of the Gospel, could rest on his bed, knowing he had been the means of shutting up a poor widow in prison from her fatherless children, lamat a loss to imagine. But there is one echo has said, " I will be the father of the fatherless, and the judge of the widow," and a day will come when he must account for it. lam informed the writ on widTh ehe was takon is informal on two points. Therefore I hope when this meets his eye he will im mediately forward her discharge, free of expense, as her sufferings have paid a hundred fold for his paltry a?. 10s.—I remain, Sir, your's, &e., Monmouth, Dec. 9, 1840. E. RICHARDS. THE EASTERN QUESTION. TO THE EDITOR OF THIS SUN. Sir,—lt is surprising to see the naieete with which the English press follows the lead of the French, and consents to consider the present warlike bustle as a matter dependent on the relative po,itions of the Sultan and 'Mehemet. Even The Sun looks no farther, and speaks of the Paella as an able monarch—his only ability consisting in keeping up an army twice at great as that of Turkey, in proportion to the population of his State, and of course making his tyranny um,peak ably grinding. Egypt in also spoken of as his "lawfully acquired pos session!" his right being simply that of a successful rebel—just such a right as Lord Ebringfon would at qairc if he proclaimed himself King of Ireland, and re pelicd an attempt to crush him into submission. A.l this time the real question ►s lost sight of—viz , whether France or England should hold the sceptre of the ocean. T!lis is the point. France cares as much for Mehemet as for the inhabitants of the moon. The true object of Tillers and his numerous supporters was, to obtain cernmand of the Let of Mehemet, including the Turk ish squadron —bought of its villain Adi►tiral--and by ;-pining it to Oyu of France, to overpower ours, and wrest horn us the sovereignty of the ocean. If Turkey could have given such aid, France would have seat an army into Egypt, and driven its dour Mee hemet to wander a Beduoin robber in the desert. The destroying our naval supremacy, be assured, is the darling object of nine-tenths of the French people. Next to this, is the extension of the frontier towards Germany, by swallowing up Belgium and the Rhenish pros laces of Prussia, &c. Out-taking some few rational men, the only difference between one French Ministry and another will ever be, that the one will proceed rashly and openly, the other guardedly and secretly, to the 1-,ccomplishment of the policy common to both. Tne generous spirit of Englishmen led them to think it possible that a sincere friendship might subsist be. tween England and France. M. Tillers has done us the kindness to dispel the illusion, by calling forth the general expression of French feeling towards us. Dec. 5. H. M. TILE LINENDRAPERS' AND SILK-MERCERS', &C., INSTITUTION . —The annual ball in support of the funds of this Institution was held at Willis's Rooms last evening, and the exertions of the twenty-four stewards met with the greatest success, upwards of four hundred persons being present. Weippert was in attendance with his band, and the parly had not separated at an early hour this morning. The promoters of this excellent Institution are, it seems, in a fair way of realizing their permanent capital of 20,8001., upwards of 15,0001. being already in vested in the funds. To members temporary pecuniary relief is at present awarded, as well as medical advice. HONESTY OF THE WE L S is a fact highly creditable to the inhabitants of the coast of Gower, where the City of Bristol steamer was wrecked, that although every part of the bay was strewed with broken fragments, and continued so for six days and niglits, many of the people being poor and fuel scarce and dear, not the small est particle was taken. —Hereford Journal. TILE ANNUALS.—It is a matter of frequent regret, that these tasteful and elegant productions have undergone the vicissitudes of public favour and patronag e , and that of the numerous publications of this class which flourished a short time since, a few only are in existence no w• The Gem has lost its lustre and its value, and is thrown aside for ever; the Bijou is despised and re jected; the Amulet has had no charm to resist the change o f caprice and fashion; the Souvenir has departed and left scarcely a souvenir of its existence; and the Friend ship's Offering is offered no more. One or two alone survive the general ruin : the Keepsake is still kept in emembrance ; and the Forget me not i s a l most the onl one which is not forgotten. A m id st t hi s l oss an d disap Y : pearance of objects—once so valued and admired, it is satisfactory to reflect, that we still possess a class of An nuals unrivalled in utility and elegance, and which, amid the progress of time, change, and taste, have rather gained than lost in public favour and esteem. We allude to Itow- LA ND'S inestimable Toilet Articles: their MACASSAR, KA LYDOR, and ODONTO, whose effects in beautifying and pre serving the Hair, Complexion, and Teeth, have lastingly established them in public favour and approbation. CHANGE OF I) lET.—Maiendie, a celebrated French physiologist, found, by experiment, that it was " impossible to keep an animal in a healthy state longer than six weeks upon one article of diet, death frequently taking plac e b e f ore th a t period." The sheep farmer, who knows his business, will take especial care never to let his sheep lose flesh till they are folded ; be will then cut their turnips or will crush their oileake, as the case may be ; he will give them plenty of salt , in roofed troughs or fixed casks with the heads taken out, and also a ton a _ of good hay, for every hundred s heep, every all days suddenor f ortnight. At this time of year he will avoid a c hanges. of food, and feed off the bleakest parts . of his . farm, in order . to reserve the more seleeted parts . for the severest periods Swedes, in addition to their more nutri tiveof the winter. qualities, arc superior to other varieties of the turnip for folding, where they are not cut..—Maidstone Paper. ALMA 1840 STATIONERS' ALMANAC This is a sheet almanac, with a beautiful view of t he New Royal Exchange as planned by Mr. Win. Tice. It is a magnificent oblong structure or the Corinthian order, with a portico supported by eight columns, looking towards the south-west, and a tower resembling that of the old Royal Exchange placed about the middle of the building. In addi tion to the calendar, which has all the holidays and remarkable days marked in red, it contains a list of bankers, law terms, and returns for 1811, lists of the chief officers of state, and public offices, of the acuity and common-law judges, and much useful information respecting the General Post-office. The plate is uncommonly well executed, and will form a handsome ornament in a room or country house. This almanac has been printed for the Company of Stationers, at the Chiswick press, by C. Wilit tingham. Another of a similar description, and bearing the same title, has been printed and published by J. and W. Robins, Tooley-street. It differs, how ever, in several respects ; and, in addition to the usual intelligence furnished by such publications, it gives a list of the Foreign Ministers at the Bri tish Court, and the Consuls resident in London, with the name and address of each. It is also ornamented with a fine view, representing Windsor Castle, and the Queen and Prince Albert, with their suite, walking o►► the stern terrace. A POLITICAL ALMANAC.- This curiosity is prepared by R. J. Richardson, and published by John Cleave. Besides the Ca- lendar, it shows the salaries, pensions, sinecures, emoluments, places, annuities, privileges, and powers of the army, navy, church, law courts, civil list, courts of commission, and ethers feeding on the taxes ; the connection between Charch and State, together with the value of seven hundred and forty-five good livings in the gift of a few Peers, " A few pickings out of the taxes" exhibits some cuzious items. For instance, the ex-Minister Lord Sidmouth has cost the country since 1823 42,2701., the ex-Chaneellor of the Exchequer (Vansittart) has since that period received 35,835/. 3s. 34d. Mr. Croker, the ex-Secretary to the Admiralty, 13,663/. 15s. 100 (how particular about the far things !)the King of Hanover, since he left the coun try 153,365/. 7s. Bd. ; the Queen Dowager in three years has cost the nation, 300,000/. (independent of palaces and parks), and the King of the Bel gians somewhat more than a million sterling. Royalty it must be admitted is not to be had for a trifle. THE SOCIAL REFORMERS' ALMANAC. This is a sheet almanac, with a neatly exe cuted view of New Lanark, and a medallion of Robert Owen, with a memoir of his life. With the exception of the Calendar and a few tables, this publication is drawn up for the convenience and information of the Owenites, giving a list of the branches of the Society throughout the coun try, their great social festivals, and the official decla ration of their principles. LITERATURE. STATISTICAL ACCOUNT OF SCOTLAND. —— - This Number, the Twenty-eighth, contains ac counts of sixteen parishes, three in the county of Edinburgh, and thirteen in Aberdeenshire, together with a good map of Caithness-shire, in the north east corner of which are the remains of the famous house of John O'Groat. We have little to add to what we have already said on this useful publi cation. It goes on, as it commenced, with great spirit, and, when finished, will be highly creditable to the clergy of Scotland. It gives us great plea sure to quote the following ; o - extract from the statis tical account of the united parishes of Tullynessle and Forbes, respecting the state of education there, and the great benefit conferred on his country by a native of Aberdeenshire, who amassed a large for tune in London, and directed in his will that the interest should be paid over to the parish school masters of three adjoining counties for ever : Education.—Tire school and school-house, which are separate buildings, sere erected about ten years ago, and do credit to the public spirit of the heritors. The schoolmaster's salary is the maximum, and the amount of his f,:vs, although low,. may, in consequence of his zealous attention to the duties of his office, be stated at about 251. per annum. In addition to this, he en joys the emoluments of the session clerkship, which are, however, trifling. But the school-masters in this and the two neighbouring counties of Banff and Moray have, within these few years, received very consider able addition to their incomes, by a noble. bequest from a Mr. Dick of London, whose parents resided in or near Keith The benefit of the fund which he esta blished for this purpose, with a view, as he himself states, of raising the standard of literature, and ad vancing the comfort of this useful and meritorious class within the three counties mentioned, and which is under the management of a certain number of Writers to the Signet at Edinburgh, is confined to the parish schools. The annual division of the interest of the fund has hitherto been regulated by an attention to other cir cumstances, besides that of the number of schools, such as the number of scholars at each school, success of the teacher, &c. The revenue, if 'equally divided, would afford, it is believed, from 251. to 301. sterling per an num to each schoolmaster. THE HOUR AND THE MAN, 3 VoLs. Moxon, London, 1840. The character of Toussaint L'Ouverture—as he was called by the St. P. omingo blacks whom he had redeemed from slavery—ha; hardly yet had adequate justice done it. ' Towards the e ;pse of the last century indeed, when the splendid achie;f ments of this great man were noised far and wide through Europe, the eye of eager curiosity was directed towards him, and numerous,in consequence, were time memoirs of him that appeared from time to time ; but few were awara of the sterling worth of his nature—of his high moral qualities, his inflex ible resolution of purpose, and extraordinary talents for legislation ; by the majority he was regarded in no other light than as a clever and fortunate adven turer ; and at the present day, ha is nearly, if not quite, forgotten. Yet Toussaint deserves a better fate than thus to pass away from the recollections of men. It was his glorious task to maintain the cause of freedom ; to conduct that cause with the serene dignity and lofty disinterestedness of a Wash ington, and to triumph in it against overwhelming odds. Born in slavery, he was yet distinguished from his early youth by his unshaken courage, his love of study, and Iris uniform good conduct. His master, a French planter, fully appreciated his rare qualities of head and heart ; appointed him his overseer ; placed unbounded confidence in him ; and always held him up as a model to the other negroes on his estate. When the revolution in St. Domingo broke out, Toussaint took an active share in it, invariably, however discountenancing and repressing, as far as he could, the horrid scenes of carnage that ensued ; and when at length, after a desperate struggle with the French authorities, the blacks of St. Domingo recovered their freedom, he was appointed by general consent the Comman der-in-Chief of the Haytian Republic, in which capacity he governed it for several years, armed with unlimited power, yet always exercising it justly and conscientiously, and on one occasion even sacrificing his own favourite nephew, because he had infringed one of the laws of the land. So great was his influence at this period, that the Bri tish Government offered to make him King of the island provided he would give them a monopoly of its trade ; but he was high-minded enough to resist the temptation, from a sense of what was due to the French settlers. When Bonaparte—which, by the bye, is one of the greatest blots in his scutcheon—endeavoured to restore the old system of slavery in St. Domingo, Toussaint, though beset with treachery in all quarters, boldly stood forth against him, and vanquished all the French Gene ral's forces ; but being ultimately taken prisoner, was conveyed away to France, and confined in a damp, solitary dungeon, where he closed hisglorious —his unstained military and political career. It is this illustrious man who forms the subject of Miss Martineau's present tale. In general, she has ad tiered with tolerable fidelity to history, and done no more justice to Toussaint—lofty as is her estimate of him—than he deserves. The rest of her cha- • meters, however, with hardly one exception, are but indifferently executed, for they are w holly wanting in discrimination, and express the mselves through out the story with a polish, an eloquence, and at times, a metaphysical subtlety , that is at variance with all truth of effect. Though m any of the in cidents are striking, yet they fail f rorh the writer's want of power, and her utter inability to develope the workings of the human heart. But her scen i c descriptions are invariab l y excellent, full of pic turesque beauty, and as vivid as if they had all been written down on the spot from the glowing impres sions of %hi moment. EVENING EDITION COURT CIRCULAR• Viscount Melbourne had an audience of his 11., Highness Prince Albert yesterday at Buckingh Palace. The Duke of Sussex called yes terda y at Buckinglia Palace, His Royal Highness Prince Ailbert visited the ridini school near the Royal Mews yestert2ay . Among the visitors at Buckingham Palace yesterday were Baron Biome, the Danish Buckingh am ter, the Da"' rian Minister and Baroness de Cetto, the Salt onM ter, Earl of Pembroke, Lord and Lady Montgr 1-• Langdale, Lord and Lady Sherborne, L. l / 34 Li nd La' rnery, Sir John Seale, M.P., Sir John Brooke Pechell, General Sir R. and Lady A. 181 3)64g son, and Mr. and Mrs. Petre. jcionaird, Lady The Governor of the Bank of England and til4 putt'-Governor had an interv i ew w ith th e Chance licr the Exchequer yesterday in Downing-street. Sir John H. Seale had an interview with Viso. 1114 Melbourne yesterday in Downing-street. Colonel Anson, Colonel Rowan, and Mr. vara°l - interviews with the Marquis of NormanbY day at the Home-office. The Solicitor-General was attended day by IL yester a utte• Brown, Esq., Honorary Secretary to the vote of the Baronetage for Privileges, who was beard at gre" length on. the question of Knighthood, a doubt baying I. and the arisen whether the Act of King Charles Estates of Scotland, in 1636, requiring the Crown t: yester. knight on application the eldest sons of Scottie 13aronet (being of age), is binding upon the reigning Sovereign' The Chairman of the Stamps and Taxes.ha3 a n 1" terview yesterday with the Chancellor of the F+ in in to wn The Right Hon. H. Labouchere arrived on Wednesday. Sir John Guest and Lady have left FarranceNC O o te for Dowlais. l. SPORTING INTELLIGEN TATTERSALI.S.—YESTgR DAY. every' The betting yesterday afternoon was so fiat je oke: respect, so utterly devoid of interest, that we 9 . 11211 ,, Di f tbo: no apology for confining our notice to a quotatton - odds against horses actually backed. DERBY. 4 to 1 agst Scott's lot 15 to 1 agst Rosalie colt—taken 18 to 1 agst Marshal Soult 18 to 1 agst Coronation 20 to 1 agst Camelion.—takes 25 to 1 agst Prince Caradoc 35 to 1 agst Duke of Wellington 50 to 1 agst Gammon Box—taken 50 to 1 agst Van Amburgh 1000 to 10 agst Finchley—taken 1000 to 10 ast Macbeth—taken w e lrate ll 200 to 100 on Marshal Soult agst Duke —taken it—ta ken to 1 agst Marshal Soult and Caronat) .2m,n!nEnTnngE ,, r=- - _ ROYAL ACADEMY. On Thursday, the beilnogframtitebs;tge.(peinstclei, 10th ins secon dAclanse a d ewmays heldo f anniversary a t Arts, thae i of gr e ne rthea apartments fo u dat i o n 0 f the i d t 3 - assembly i n when the following distribution of premlo a A r - c a t' a: viz. : To Mr. John Taudevin, for the best COP 1 m ad e the Painting School, the Silver Medal. To Mr. Richard Dadd, for the best Drasteling the Life, the Silver Medal.,the bee t To Mr. William Hinton Cara bell, f o r Drawings of the South Front of St . P artin's the Silver Medal. n A t l i r q . o Robert ,the s P i i v b e y r s i i‘ c i k e , To Mr. Edwin Cocking, for the best Drawia:ufrroci: the Antique, the Silver Medal. the rr A o from To Mr. George G. Adamdsaf,ol.frotr htehebebsetst the Silver Medal. 10 Which w a s concluded with a short address from tl President to the Students. The g eneral assembly a ft ervrards proceeded to a?; point o ffi cers for the ensuing year, when Sir IVlarti Model froi. l l i n e, Archer Shea was unanimously re-elected President. frede-a. council, New List—Daniel Maclise, 9° Willia m rick Witherington, Solomon Alexander ilart, Henry Perronet Brim, Esqrs. h it Old List—John Peter Deering, Esq., Sir 1 3, ° -6 Smirke, Edwin Landseer, and Richard Cook, E. 19,1%,,,, Visitors in the Life Academy, New List a Eptatnyi,elHAelnarcylisHe,oEwsacirrds,. Solomon Alexander got, A n d ham CaP Old List—Edward Hodges Bail Abrael Charles Lock Eastlake, Esqrs., SirYbavid W ilk . ler ' m u Clarkson or St el Es. Visits i n fi the d, School of Painting Netv Lisll 0- tl R H i e e n h r a y rd w. C i o ll o ia k m , WpiiellkiaemrsgMinu,lErcsaqdrys: Daniel Molise' Old List—Charles Robert Lesl ie, Charles Lock E 461#1 lake, Clarkson Stanfield, and Thomas Uvrins, Escilll'iri M Auditors re-elected — Will i a m MulreadT, J. . Turner, Esqrs., and Sir Richard Westmaccatt. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGE OXFORD, DEC. 10.—A congregation was this dol holden tor granting degrees, &c., when the followipg were conferred : Bachelor in Divinity--Rev. W. J. Copeland, Fellow of Trinity College. H . M e thuen, E iceter Bachelors of Arts — Hen" - y College ; Alexander Heslop, Queen's College 3°4'l Lloyd Williams , Jesus C o l le g e ; William R ussell, NO Inn Hall. The next congregation for conferring degrees wil l be day °f on Thursday next, the 17 th in st ., being the last thin the present term. On Sunday, the 20 th inst. , the Lord fish °f diocese t Church.cFsew ill hold a general ordination the Christ Cathedo4 NAVAL IN TELLIGEN (From the Plymouth Journal.) r, PLYMOUTH, Dec. 10.—Mr. John Roberts., gaste„, 11-N- , is appointed to the Stromboli steam-h. the Mediterranean. He takes his passaga ill the oust steam-vessel, about to sail from this port. , _ c i , Her Majesty's steam-vessel Avon, Lieut. Prescnarit_ arrived here on Monday from Bristol, with forty Pe Y raised men for general service. 4d Of 'Valparaiso on the 2 The President arrived at from Cobiji, Basilisk, the 7th, Aegost, from Talcahuano,' and the igate,i; The Volcano (stt:amer) badoes, 4th November. ' of Good Hope, The Curlew sailed fr)rn th e , Cape for the F East Coast, 7th Septetnue ken The Samarang, from Valparaiso for India, tugs spo for Bar with the 11th August, lat. 32 S. sailed from Madeira, • nd re' stores and provi , ions for the Savage, 10, brig, an d stores Avon, 0 , steam-vessel, sailed on Friday with turned with volunteer sea men on Monday. T At ha® Fearless, 2, steam - ves sel, arrive d on Sattotiars)r from the Isle of Man, with shi p wrights from Ch Yard. She took in coals a nd sailed the next daY• The Skylark, 6, packet-ship, arrived on SaturtigY frog: Falmouth, lately from Mexico. She sailed todaY Yea tor Chati-,Jm, where she will be paid off. The Ilamoaze, lighter, sailed with stores for P e°3 ' llia broke and fifteen c aulkers to caulk the Vixeo. The Adventure, transport, sailed with victua stores for Deptford on Monday. Abercrombie Robinson, transport, from . Gibraltar, put in the Sound on Tuesday morning, bas mg sprung her bowsprit. She was towed leo harbourrdo by the Carron steamer, to have her damages OP-40 after which she will proceed to her destination,; „,.6 has on board the 79th Regiment, consisting of °‘' men ; 42 women, and 57 children. Piraeus The Beacon, surveying sloes, was to leave the of Athens on the 23d ult., and may, ther''; fore bei looked for at Malta next week, as wel l li t , - her tender the Magpie. Both vessels will 'Tarsi!, a " Malta until the end of March next. Deptford t,e) Remaining in Hamoaze. —Caledonia, San Josef, lel,i pregnable, Bellei,le, Endyrnion , R aven ; Sylph all or Netley, tenders ; Carron , L ocust, Comet, and as steametransport. ; t F r i a tlm s o o u r t t. h and Aid, ligh ters ; Abercrombie' Robinson, --------_ -- _A ,-------- DRURY-LANE --07., crowdewdh o ev v e is r i y te p d riv h a is te h b r o a x: o l CONCERTS D'HIVER __ .t t . a _„. , occupied.evening thee was n ob i i, y have seen this week the following :—Prince Esterh,:le Duke of Brunswick, Turkish Ambassador, Duche u, s G se t x i , ie l ra ii l zr j o o y h , n \ s V o e n n , lo c c a k p , ta C in lar ri ke e , yroir d i Cann;zzaro, Earl of Lichfield, Marquis of Headjfeert: II Colonel onoura hle Macdonald. Major Tennant, Lord Adolphus Fitzclarcncc, 1-4°r• son, . n Lord Burgliersh Templ,tow ,bls Ladies Drummond E ; 1 s s Campbell, Sir NVill William n ClHonoursarlce,' r .0 WOODCOCK SHOOTING.—Mr. Wallace, M• l3 T M l r i s o has, we learn, last week had Sir John Cuuninghtl,°: Fairlic, and a party, enjoying this delightful sport in being .InClgoeVrdelel, fine covers which surround Kelly House, and there eing., no lack of game, the expenditure of powder and shot r's_; in proportion. As yet we have only heard of the twolbr;, days during which the party occupied themselves cli.ec•ci in rabbit and woodcock shooting, both of which pr° v b , abundant. Of the former no account was kept , u t S e c a. firing was incessant, but of woodcocks about 60 were „. which is the more remarkable, as there has been no fro,s0 e • to speak of this seas on h erea bouts. —Glasgow Chronic‘ A RMY.—The Treasury have declined their sanction to the admission of any charge aga inst t' o f public for the entertainment of the wives and childre_ ° , 4 mi.itary officers at the tables of the officers 01 her illaj , fs "2 er ships ; and consequently, on any occasion of ° be embarking with his wife and family in a Queen's ahM , 5 ‘,. f should make an agreement with the captain or officerv/,'; the ship for the accommodation at their table of his " and family. .......-01 1 . WRECK OF THE CITY OF BRISTOL; ~..o_, Saturday a meeting was held in the sale room of th e, u s r or mereial Rooms, for the purpose of adopting al nl 'i n e _ ce d more widely extending a subscription already co r m , :,,;:, by two gent!emen of this c!ty , -, n sfhall r.: !I , _ os • c l _‘ , l: o n it orphans, and other _relatives and dependents of t......h . ..i sto i perished on the above melancholy occasion. 0. r Gazette. `l.• K"- N n, tr, ac 11( ~l' Ac (I