The Sun. — London, England, 1857-01-16 00:00:00

, 1 1 -.. -- :: : d',. 1 . ~ 1 z.- A - - --- A . 1 4 , 4, :0i - z . ' ....: , _ qr 41 Llllli ikb DESTRUCTION OF OLD ROCHESTER-BRIDGE. $ 17-4,- . ‘''-, odgi :A% a p, "4 49 4 , - 1 11 :4. - 11. , 0 -)14.1a,.. ROC fiESTER, JAI( 1$ „-' , =•••- 4, ,"., 4") - •' , ,p,,,,.#1100,1 • - A ~,-4 14 , J • '''' ' ''' ',OW) . .- . 3.. i L '.. ' -.. .. l y x, ~ = , )1 11 11 1 01ft‘--. A \ ;: , ) 14;c1' _... ~A, . 14 A . ~,.., cV-' . ../-4....-- 0,..... ______ _ _ A The expfrimeuts whi , h are being i ferboA ~ko Ong ~,,. P . . ' 1 i ' , , _;...---,0 , 6 .7 . 4 "_, , , 42,114 4 -----__',. , ~ dal RI, , - 4,1 „..- * 0 , 6 , 144) ,, , ...., .",, , A,.. , eift, : _, t:, s,, „,, App , ' .7. . \ d ei .,:s y tr b u y cti t o h , e , c oro p i g , of o ß eb o , y . :_ i i er s . a b , , , i p d e g r e , wi s e n re d , x_ o 4o t t r t iLia lo,, th e tii ,„ .-.: -,,,, . . -44 i , '' ' ..-* H 95): , - /r.: -7 ,' ii:: ; : oz . ' 4:7 1121411 1i#: 1.6 .f.,,, 4 , 5 ,._,- 1 , . z , alSe' )RoiT. .' • ,* i -•--.--_- afternoon, on which occasion a still liirger potzort of the, •• ~,- ~ aucient structure than that destroyed on , Titeedarlaist- e, -, 4 A.m..- A was blown t o piec e s by successive blalts of4utitwolkder ~.%',,, STAAPED 5/5- in the presence of General Sir Charles W Pashiy;'X.C.libi- .....,;., X_ MR. ALBERT SMITH'S MONT BLANC, BADEN, up the RHINE, and PARIS, is NOW OPEN EVERY EVENING (except Saturday) at 8 o'clock.—Stalls, area. 2s. gallery. ►s. Stalls can be secured at the box office, Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, every day between eleven and four, with out any extra charge. The Morning Representations take place every Tuesday and ,aturday, at Three o'clock. MONSEIGNEUR SIBOUR.—A PORTRAIT MOT)EL of the ever-to-be•lamented ARCHBISHOP of PARIS, basely assassinated in the Church of St. Stienne-du-Mont, by the infamous Verger. a few days since, may be seen in Madame TIISSAUD'S HISTORICA.T , GALLERY, Bazaar, Baker-street, Port- Man-square.—Admission, Is. ; extra rooms, 6d. Open from eleven till dusk, and from seven till ten. MR. W. S. WOODIN'S OLIO of ODDITIES, with New Costumes and • 'rims Novelties, Vocal and Cha racteristic, every evening (except eaturday) at Eight A MORN LNG PERFORMANCE every SATURDAY, at Three. Private Boxes and Stalls may be secured, without extra charge, at the isox-office, Polygraphic-hall. King William-street, Charing-cross. The hall has been entirely redecorated. ROYLL ROOMS.-LAIIRENT'S CASINO, Great Windmill-street, St. James's. —The above elegan Rooms are now open every evening for the winter season, with Laurent's celebrated Orchestra. Principal Cornet.a-piston, M. Roulcourt. The Proprietor begs to inform the public that this fashionable place of resort hay been entirely redecorated during the recess. Doors open at half-past eight. commence at nine. Admis sion One Shilling. DR. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, 4, Coventry-street, Leicester-square.—Open (for Gentlemen Only) from 10 till 10, containing upwards of one thousand models sad preparations, illustrating every part of the human frame in health and disease, the race of men, &c Lectures delivered at 12, 2 ,4, and half-past 7. by Dr. G. SEXTON, F.R.G.S. ; and a new and Welly-interesting series of Lectures is now in course of delivery by Dr. RAntr, at a quarter past 8 p.m. precisely. Admission. One "Ming- Catalogues containing Lectures as delivered by Dr. Khan (gratis). GENERAL TOM THUMB, the AMERICAN DWARF.--Crowded Houses.—Patronised thirteen years ago by her Majesty, H.R.H. Prince Albert, H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent, &c. Fxhibiting every day and evening, Previous to visiting Russia, in Regent Gallery, 69, Quadrant, from 11 to 1, 3 to 5, and 7 to 9 o'clock. He Is beautifully proportioned, and the smallest mart alive. His performances are remarkably talented and enchanting. New Characters, Costumes, Songs, Dances. Statues, &c. The General continues to wait on the nobility and gentry, at their residences, ou due notice. His miniature equipage promenades the streets daily. Admission, Is. each, regardless of age ; Stalls, 2s. and 3s. ; children half-price. MESSRS. PETTER and GALPIN beg respectfully to intimate that they have removed to their newly erected premises, La Belle Sauvage-yard, Ludgate-hill. PROPERTY AND INCOME TAX ASSOCIATION. Offices-156 (opposite the Peel Statue), Cheapside. Merman—Major SEED, M.P. Treasurer —T. SIDNEY, Esq., Alderman. The objects of this Association are to obtain the immediate repeal Of the Acts of Parliament which increased the Property and Income Tax from 7d. to Hid. in the £, and a more equitable adjustment or a total repeal of the Tax upon Trades and Professions. l'he Great Central Meeting—Mr. Alderman SIDNEY in the chair ~willbeheld at EXETER-HALL, on WEDNESDAY next, the 2ist JANUARY, at 6 p.m. for half-past 6 precisely. General Sir Fitzgerald, M.P., K.C.8., C. S. Butler, Esq , M.P., Alderman Challis, M.P. T. S. Duncombe , Esq.. M.P . , John Brady, Esq., M.P., Geo. Bowyer,, Esq., M.P., D.C.L., Montagu Chambers, Esq., M.P., Q.C., Thos. Chambers, Esq., M.P., Apsley Pellatt, Esq., M.P., and Other Members of Parliament will attend. Deputations are expected from several large provincial towns. Admission tickets may be had at the o ffi ces of the Ass o c iation, of the Members of the Committee, and at various places in the metropolis. CYRUS F. BUOTT, bony. Secty. PRESERVATION of LIFE from SHIP LIFE-WRECIC—The Committee of the ROYAL NATIONAL BOAT INSTITUTION would earnestly call the attention of !b i k ., the Public tothe great and extraordinary exertions which the Society 9411; Life-boats, to supply exposed points on the coast with efficient ps f , . Th e Lifeboats and which will involve an expenditure of more than 3,0001. A ".,,,,, , Life-boats of the Institution have, during the terrific gale of last IJA: , ;Peek, saved the lives of sixty persons from shipwrecks. They there ,,, t he m earnestly APPEAL to the benevolent for assistance, to enable VI. , eat continue, with unabated vigour, their hitherto successful i,,, , .. in the cause T o i f i r i r s ity. m BA NG, Chairman. it,l,- Subscriptions and DTonilaqiMenAsBw?lilbkePthMaAnkilfulyePruetcYeivCieldalby all 11 London bank ers , andat the house of the Institut ion, 14, John-street, , •'`,\ Adelplit, . l' , t A NOTICE OP DIVIDEND. :„ I[l AN $ OF E DE POSIT, , a At,, , No. 3, PALL -MAL L , ors. r7P•,; R , f Established A.D. 1844. 40, ' The Warrants for the Half-yearly Interest, at the rate of 5 per ;• ‘,' t . Cent, per annum, on Deposit Accounts, to 31st December, are ready for delivery on, and after January the 10th, 1857, and payable . dilly, PETER MORRISON, Managing Director. Parties desirous of INVESTING MONEY are requested to examine the plan of the Bank of Deposit. Prospectuses and Forms tor Opening Accounts sent free on appli cation. LONDON AND WESTMINSTER BANK.- NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, What the ANNUAL GENE RAL MEETING of this Company will he held at the Bank, in Eothbury, on WEDNESD A.T, the 21st of January, at Ono o'clock Precisely, to decree a Dividend, to submit for confirmation the elec tion of William Tite, Esq., M.P., F.R.S., and Bonamy Dobree, jun., Esq., who have been nominated by the Board of Directors, in the place of Frederick Burmester, Esq., deceased, and Thomas Earn comb, Esq., Alderman, resigned, and to elect three Directors in the place of Bonamy Dobree, jun., Esq., David Salomons, Esq., Alder man. and Henry Bosanquet, Esq., who retire by rotation, but being eligible for re-election, offer themselves accordingly. By order of the Board. J. W. GILBART, General Manager. Lothbury, January, 1857. The Transfer Books of the Company will be closed until the 26th Instant, to prepare for the DiTidend. THIRTY-NINTH REPORT of the LONDON JOINT-STOCK BANK. At a GENERAL MEETING of the SHAREHOLDERS, held at the Banking-house of the Company, in Prince's-street, Mansion howl*, on Thursday, the 15th of January, 1857, PHILIP WILLIAM FLOWER, Esq., Chairman, THOMAS TILS(SN, Esq., Deputy-Chairman. DIRECTORS. William gird, Esq. Archibald Mastic, Esq., M.P. William Blount, Esq. William J. Lancaster, Esq. Ald. Sir George Carroll. Sir John M'Taggart, Bart, William Miller Christy, Esq. George Meek, Esq. Ald. Sir James Duke, Bart., M.P. Ambrose Moore, Esq. Philip William Flower, Esq. John Timothy Oxley, Esq. George Holgate Foster, Esq. John Joseph Silva, Esq. Francis Bennett Goldney, Esq. George Tayler, Esq. Will. Ormsby Gore, Esq., M.P. b on y Grace, Esq. Tea Mawaors—George Pollard, Esq. Somerroas—Messrs. Clarke and Morice. The following Report was 'presented : With much satisfaction the Directors again meet the Proprietors of the Bank, to place before them the state of their affairs, and the Profit and Loss Account for the Half-year ending the 31st December, 1656. The Proprietors will perceive that, including the sum of 25,0861. 16s. 6d., brought forward on the 30th of June last, there is a net balance of 84,2171.45. 9d., which the Directors have appropriated as follows,viz. : £37,500 0 oto the payment of a Dividend of 61. ss. per cent. for the half-year (being at the rate of 12% per cent. perannum) upon 600,0001, tke paid-up Capital. 46,500 0 0 to the payment of an additional bonus of 15s. 6d. per share, and 217 4 9 to the credit of the Guarantee Fund. Thomas Tilson, Esq. iii 4,217 4 9 With this addition the Guarantee Fund amounts to 165,932/. 13s. 10d. The following gentlemen retire from the direction by rotation William Miller Christy. Esq. Francis Bennett Goldney, Esq. William Ormsby Gore, Esq., M.P. Henry Grace, Esq., and Thomas Tilson, Esq. all of whom offer themselves for re-election. The dividend and bonus, free from inoome tax, will be payable en and after Friday, the 23d instant. The preceding report having been read to the meeting by the Secre tary, a dividend for the half-year ending the 31st of December last, after the rate of 121. 10s. per cent. per annum, and a further division of 15s. 6d. per share, out of the net profits of the year ending as above, were declared by the Chairman. Resolved unanimously—That the report now read be received, and that it be printed for the use of the shareholders. The following Directors having retired by rotation, were unani mously re-elected, viz : William Miller Christy, Esq. Francis Bennett Goldney, Esq. William Ormsby Gere, Esq., M.P. Henry Grace, Esq., and Thomas Tilson, Esq. Resolved unanimously—That the thanks of the meeting, with the expression of its confidence, be given to the Directors for their very R able and excellent manageme t Resolved unanimeeely_That. its thanks be also most cordially tendered to George pollard . Esq., the Manager. Sign ed) p Extracted tr ( e nt th P. W. FLOWER, Chairman. e Minutes. JNO. WARDROPE, Secretary. LIABILITIES E and Lo ET W EDNESDAY, DEC. 31, 1856. LONDON JOUST-STOCK BANK. DR. To capital patdllo, 60 . 000 shares IAN!! To amount due by the Bank ...... • each • • 4600,000 0 0 To amount of " The Guarantee .... Z ' 6 — • • • 7,224,527 13 5 Fund," June 30, 1856 .. 163,266 9 2 To six months' interest on ditto, at 31. per cent. per annum 2,448 19 11 ..._------ 9 To undivided profit for the last half-year ....... 165,715 25, , 86 us 6 To finiount carried to profit and loss account...... 113,424 511 2 6,128,754 6 11 Cs. _ . _ - - —___ By Exchequer-bills and India-bonds £1,018,611 5 By cash.loans, bills discounted , and o ther securi ties 7 ,065,06 e 0 By building. furniture, &c., in Prinee's-street ............ • • £36,050 0 0 By ditto, ditto, in Pall•ras.ll ...... 8,12 5 0 0 45,075 0 0 X 8,128,754 6 1 PWIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT OF THE LONDON JOINT-STOCK BANE, FOR THE HALF-TEAR ENDING DEC. 31, 1856. rantee Fund" —• • To dividend account for the payment of half-a-year's. dividend, at the rate of 12% per cent. per annum 0 1 3 0 n 6 00,00111., amount of paid-up capit a l upon 60 .000 skarea share - - To ditto for the payment of a bonus of I ss. 6d. per • • .. To ;licent expenses, proportion of building ex penses, directors' remuneration, bad debts, in £26,473 16 6 come tax, &c To amount carried to profit and loss, new account, being rebate of interest on bills discounted not yet due 27,820 3 2 To amount transferred to the credit of " The Gua- 217 4 9 37,500 0 0 46,500 0 0 £138,511 4 5 Ca. By balance brought down . . •• .. £113,424 511 Bdivided profit brought ' . f . o . r.;;;;(1 from the last half -year .... 25,086 IS 6 £138,511 4 5 THE LOND ON JOINT. STOCK. BANK. Es tablished in 1836. Head-ornee wem,r,Pi r uLa.nch —69, P a l l-mall. iace's-street, M ans i on - h ouse . Subscribed Capital, ,z 3 ,0 Guarantee Fund, £166,000.. Paid-up Capital, £600,000. Accounts of parties are Bankers. ke p t agreeably to the custom of London Parties keeping banking accounts wi n the Bank can at all times transfer to a deposit account such Porttll may not immediately require, upo n 41 of their balance as they rate of the day will be allowed,eh interest at th e curren t Deposita a ' re also received from parties n Or for fixed per or interest at the et customers , either at call, market rates. ' The agency of joint-stock and other country and foreign backs undertaken on such terms as may be agreed up on. Investments in and sales of effected i Pons of British and f • securities, bullion, specie, &c., . foreign Dividends on English and foreign funds, on railway and other Sharer., debentures, and coupons, received without charge to MS towers. Every other description of banking business and money agency transacted, and letters of credit granted on the Continent, and sa the chief commercial towns of the world. . 20,149.) PUBLICATIONS• NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OF " THE HOUSE OF ELMORE. " Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., WI LD F L 0 By the author of " The House of Elmore." Hurst and Blackett, publishers, successors to Henry Colburn, E R. This day, Octavo, 3s. 6d., AREVIEW of the DIVORCE BILL of 1856, with Propositions for an Amendment of the Laws affecting Married Persons. Inscribed, by Permission, to Lord Lyndhurst. London: John W. Parker arid Son, West Strand. THE ERA of TO-MORROW will contain:— TO THEATRICALS.—Read THE ERA of To-morrow. TO FREEMASONS.—See THE ERA of To•m•rrow. FRIENDLY SOCIETIES.—AII members should read THE Ells of To-morrow. THE UNJUST INCOME TAX.—See ERA of To-morrow. PANTOMIMES and PANTOMIMIST'S —See ERA of To-morrow. THE GOLD DUST ROBBERY, with SENTENCE and VERDICT. TRIAL of REDPATH and KENT.— See Etta of To-morrow. "TOUCHSTONE'S" LOT TO BACK FOR NEXT DERBY. Order of all News Agents, or send six postage stamps to ERA Office, 3, Catherine -street, Strand. The Second Edition, just published, price 55., by post free, ss. 6d., 4 1 ',1 T RIC TU RE OF THE URETHRA. k 7 THE PATHOLOGY AND RATIONAL TREATMENT of STRICTURE of the URETHR t, in all its Varieties and Compli cations, with Observations on the Use and Abuse of Instruments in the Treatment of Diseases of the Urethra. The whole Illustrated by numerous Cases selected from the Records of upwards of Twenty Years' extensive and successful Practice. • By F. B. COURTENAY, "We know of no man to whose care we would sooner Intrus the treatment of a severe stricture."—Medical Circular. London: H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. A LBERT LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY, 11, Waterloo-place, Pall•mall. Notice is hereby given, that the HALF-YEARLY DITIDEND to the 31st ultimo, after the rate of Seven per cent. per annum, will be in COURSE of PAYMENT to the Shareholders on and after the 12th January instant. HENRY WILLIAM SMITH, Actuary and Secretary. Bth jamtary, 1867. UNION ASSURANCE SOCIETY (FIRE, LIFE, and ANNUITIES). s . . A.D. 1714. Cornhill, and 70, Baker-street, London. College•green, Dublin.—Cronengen-street, Hamburg. Exchange-street West, and Tithebarn-street, Liverp - )ol. North Nelson-street, 1 , dinburgh. Instituted in the reign of Queen Anne, A D. 1714, with large Invested _ _ Finds. DIRECTORS, &C. CHAIRMAN—JOHv REMINGTON MILLS, Esq. DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN—HENRY ALD WIN SO AYE ES, Esq. James Bentley, Esq. John Paynter, E , q. Thomas Bodley, Esq. John Rogers, Esq. Daniel Britten, Esq. Henry Rutt, Esq. Nicholas Charrington, Esq. George Spencer Smith, Esq. S. Preston Child, Esq. Itichd. Horsman Solly, Esq. William Gilpin, Esq. W. Foster White, N sq. Thomas Lewis, Esq.' Samuel Wilson, Esq., Ald. Thomas Mills, Esq., M.T ) . Stephen Wilson, Esq. John Morley, Esq. LIFE Reduced rates for young and middle ages, with guarantee of a company In existence upwards of 140 years, and a large accumulated capital. The last Bonus (1855) gave additions to policies varying from 25 to 71 per cent. on the previous seven years' premiums. Lower rates, without profits. Two-thirds only of the premiums may be paid until death. Decreasing and increasing rates of premium, and half-yearly or quarterly. Medical fees allowed. FIRE. Insurances at the usual rates, and profits returned on policies taken out for seven years by p*ompt payment. ,Lo,ses occasioned by ex- Plosion of gar made good. The offices close on Saturdays at two o'clock. excepting in the fifteen days after each quarter -day. Insurances now expiring must be paid on or before the 9th Janu ary, at the office in London, or of the respective agents. WILLIA.3I B. LEWIS, Secretary. THE PROVIDENT CLERKS' MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE ASSOCIATION and BENEVOLENT FUND. Established 1840. Taus'rggs. Thomas Baring, Esq., M.P. I W. G. Prescott, Esq. Thomas llankey, Esq., M.P. Baron L. de Rothschild, M.P. TREASURER OF THE BENEVOLENT FEND—John A.bel Smith, Req., M.P. LIFE ASSURANCE DEPARTMENT. 15, Moorgate street, London, December 23, 1856. Notice is hereby given, that the SIXTEENTH ANNUAL GENE RAL MEETING of the Members of the MUTUAL LIFE ASSU RANCE DEPARTMENT will be held at the London Tavern, Bishopsgate-street, in the City of London, on MONDAY, the 19th day of January, 1857, at Six o'clock in the Evening precisely. The following Directors, in accordance with Rule 7, go out of office by rotation, but, being eligible, offer themselves for re-elec tion, viz.:— _ _ _ _ _ ..--.. —.- Mr. Richard Henry Jones I Mr. Richard Price Mr. Willian Jeremiah Jordan. Mr. William Stanhope Savrtell. .... . By order of the Board WILLIAM THOMAS LINFORD, Secretary. BENEVOLENT DEPARTMENT. Notice is hereby given, that the SIXTEENTH ANNUAL GENE RAL MEETING of the MEMBERS and FRIENDS of the BENE VOLENT DEPARTMENT, will be held at the London Tavern, Bishopsgate-street, in the city of London, on WEDNESDAY, February 11, 1857, at Six o'clock in the Evening precisely. JOHN ABEL SMITH, Esq., M.P., Treasurer, in the Chair. By order of the Beard, WILLIAM TWO MAS LINFOIID, Secretary. The annual accounts of both departments may be inspected at the office one week prior to the general meeting. R. HOWARD, Surgeon-Dentist, 52, Fleet -1 street, has introduced an entirely new description of ARTI FICIAL TEETll,flxed without springs, wires, or ligatures. They so perfectly resemble the natural teeth as not , to be distinguished from the original by the closest observer; they will never change colour or decay, and will be found very superior to any teeth ever before used. this method does not require the extraction of roots, or any painful peration, and will support and preserve teeth that are loose, and is suaranteed to restore articulation and mastication. Decayed teeth rendered sound and useful In mastication.-62, Fleet-street. At home from ten till dye. CANCER HOSPITAL, London and West Brompton.—Secretary's Office, 167, Piccadilly.—This Institu tion has been established exclusively for the treatment of the poor afflicted with cancerous diseases. Out-door patients to attend at 167, Piccadilly, on Tuesdays, at 2 o'clock. In-door patients are admitted at the Brompton Estatdiskment, for one month, ard for a longer period if recommended by the medical officers. The number of per sons under treatment as in or out-door patients have averaged for the last three years about 400 cases each year. Since the foundation of this Hospital in 1251, 1,799 poor persons, suffering under every form of this dreadful malady, have received the benefits of this Charity. A Weekly Board manage its affairs, and every informa tion connected with the Institution may be obtained en application to the Secretary. Contributions to enable the Committee to continue this great work of benevolence are urgently solicited, and may be paid to William Loxham Farrar, Esq., the Treasurer, 66, Lincoln's inn-fields; Messrs. Coutts and Co., Strand; and at the Secretary's Offices, 167, Piccadilly. By mien W. J. COCKERILL, Secretary. ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road. Patron—The QUEEN. —Founded 1828. The sick poor are admitted on their own application alone; no re commendation is required. During the past month the following number received the benefits of this Charity, either as out or in-door patients, on their personal application : _ _ Week ending 7th November...... 2,154 Ditto 14th November.. •• .. 2,043 Ditto 21st November .... 1,972 Ditto 28th November ...• .. 2,309 29th and 30th November.• • • ....•• 269 Total in November ...... 8,747 f which 2,775 were new cases, the remainder (still under treat ment) having been admitted previously. The clergy of all denominations have unlimited access to the patients. Heavy expenses are Inevitably incurred in affording such eaten• Ave relief. The Committee, therefore, earnestly entreat the aid 01 the public. The management of the Hospital is in the hands of 30 Governors, yearly elected from the general list of subscribers, at the Annual General Meeting in January. A Board is held every Thursday, at 4 o'clock (Rev. J. B. Owen, Chairman), to conduct the business, when any subscriber may attend, if so disposed, the Board being at ill times desirous of receiving suggestions or giving explanation. The Hospital is not endowed, but is wholly dependent on volun tary contributions and legacies, which are received by the Treasurer, John Masterman, Esq., M.P., Nicholas-lane ; also by Messrs. Coutta and Co. ; Drummond and Co.; Berries and Co.; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co.; Glyn and Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co.; Barclay and Co.; Denison and Co. ; Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nisbet and Co., Ber ners-street ; Masterman and Co.; and at the Hospital. Clothing for the destitute patients will be thankfully received. By order. J. B. OWEN, M.A., Chairman. & NEW AND IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE SCIENCE OF MEDICINE. Patent Office Seal of Great Britain. Diplome d'Ecole do Pharmacie Pharmacien de Paris. Imperial College of Medicine, Vienna. TRIESEMAR No. 1,2, and 3, prepared in the form of a lozenge, devoid of taste or smell, and can be carried in the waistcoat pocket. old in tin cases, divided into separate doses, as ad ministered b y Valpeau , Lallemand, Roux, Ricord, &c., &c. TRIESEMAR No. 1 is a Remedy f or RE LAXATION, SPERMATORRTICEA, and all the distressing consequences arising from early abuse, indiscriminate excesses, or too nthe long. residence in hot climates. It bas restored bo di ly and sexual t , renfth and vigour t o th ou sands of debilitated individuals who are now enjoyment of health and the Functions of Manhoo d ; and whatever lirAG n - 1 ~,,they be the cause for DISQUALIFICATIONS for MAR '', Lney are effectually subdued by this Wonderful Discovery. TRIESEMAR io. 11., I effectually, i n Pains of the iiires, the short space of three days, completely and entirely eradicates all traces Strictures, of Gonorrhcea, toth in its mild and aggravated forms, ( ;loot s , Urine, Pal Irritation of the Bladder, Non-retention of a 'opaivi boafa o v in m s tapnodrtKi portion noefytsh, the population. u t i h a o ti s o e n d . iso rders which have so long been thought an antidote for, to the rain of thezealeubeth lathe great Conti nental TRIESEMAR No. 111., Symp toms. It also constitutesemedy for Syphilis and Secondary Cutaneous Eruptions , remo a v c i ertain cure for Scurvy, Scrofula. and all - tions and impuritie s from the ng arl expelling in its course all corrup -Ihe virus of • diseas e , and vital stream, as altogether to eradicate expel it with the insensible perspiration through the medium of th e never-failing remedy f or that pores of the skin and urine, and is a 'he English Physician treats with class of disorders which unfortunately tion of the patient's constitution. sad which to the inevitable destruc which all the sarsaparilla in the worl I cannot restore. Price I Is., or four cases in one for 335„ which saves I Is., and in 51. , ases, wherebyther') is a saving of 11.125. To be had wholesale and retail in London,ir Derby and Gordon, 140,Leadenhall-street; Prout, 229, Strand Ibrd-street ; Sanger, 150, Oxford •street ; Barrlaan,,naftY and Co., 63, Os hind Son, 97, Far ringdon-strcet ; Butler and Harding, 4, ch ea ' Ps e ; Edwards, St. Paul's Churchyard. a Popular Medical above, gonorrhcel', HUMAN FRAILTY ; work, price Is., post free, beautifully illustrated with 100 engravings, chemical tests and and containing the opinions of v a tpeau,Laitemand, Roux —., &c. It gives copious instructions for the perfect restoration of Ricord, t who are prevented by hnpedinients from entering into the married state, also showing the dreadful results from early and syphilis, and the benefits arising from the examination of the spermatoza, by the author's newly-constructed microscope, with power f u l lenses. —riper and Co., 23, , Paternoster row ; and from all agents tor the sale of"Triesem= ar .' ---------------- ..... THE WEATHER IN THE BALTIC. —ST. PETERSBURG, Jan. 12.—Revel roadstead is now covered with ice as far down as Nargen. Riga, Jan. 7. —The harbour was completely frozen over last night, and the gulf, as far as can be seen from the watch tower, is covered with a firm sheet of ice. The navigation may therefore be consi dered as closed. Dantzic, Jan. 12.—There is a great drift of ice in the roads. Neustadt, Jan. 11.---The har bour, as far as the roadstead has bean covered with a firm coat of ice since the 9th January, and the uavigatioa stopped. LONDON, FiiIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 16 1 1857. LIVERPOOL REVISION OF TAXATION. To the Middle, Commercial, Manufacturing, and Indus trial Classes of the United Kingdom. ' Fellow-Countrymen, —ln redeeming our promise to point out more distinctly the evils of the system of taxation which prevails at present in this country, and to suggest a better, we adopt the heading prefixed to our first address by the editor of the Times, though we have no intention of replying seriously to the bantering commentary with which he has been pleased to accompany it. To do this would be sheer supererogation, since you are able to judge for yourselves how far that commentary applies to or is justified by our remonstrances. To some portions of it we shall allude, because they embody and foster very common prejudices; as to the rest, we shall only ob serve that if our critic thinks the present system a good one he ought to have defended it ; while, if he deems it bad, it was his duty to state what he would substitute for it. Having neglected to do either he has only wasted time, perverted talent, and mocked the public, by indulging in burlesque misrepresen tations of those who do suggest reforms which, in their judgment, will be most beneficial to all classes of the com munity. There must be taxation. The sole question is, whether it shall be direct, indirect, or a combination of both. Now, we are firmly convinced that a system of direct taxation only is that which will best promote the interests of this country. It is not true, as the Times suggests, that we contem plate "the abolition of every impost whatever, except one," or that we are so foolish as to imagine that such a tax, how ever just and equitable, can be levied " in a manner which shall be perfectly inoffensive and agreeable ;" or, as it is else where worded, " both pleasant to all palates and harmless to all constitutions." What we do contemplate is, the abolition of all imposts on commodities and materials of manufacture, and the substitution of a tax on property, income, and earnings of all kinds, fairly assessed, according to their capitalised value ; retaining, if necessary or advis able, the succession duties, and some others, direct in their operation, cheaply collected, and unexceptionable in their nature as any taxes can be. We also believe that much, if not all, that is annoying and inquisitorial in the proceedings of agents now irresponsible may be avoided under the plan suggested by one of your body—Mr. J. R. Jeffrey—in his evidence before the select committee of the House of Com mons. It may suffice here to state that one part of that plan 4mbodies great improvements in the machinery for working the tax, the effects of which will be to secure fitness and re sponsibility in the agents, and to prevent all unnecessary publicity. We confess that we are not sanguine enough to imagine that, by any process, taxation can be rendered either pleasant or palatable to all parties. It is at best a necessary evil, but we see uo reason why the evil should be aggravated by gross injustice, preposterous waste, or most unwarrantable exposure of private affairs. It is not true, as the Times states, that our " plan" in cludes a tax of " not less than 6s. a pound, more probably 7s. or Bs., on the estimated income of all the property in the kingdom." Supposing that incomes and earnings of all kinds only amounted to 650,000,0001. a year (a moderate cs timate, considering that much more than a tenth of this sum was raised by taxes last year), the Editor will see that a tax of 2s. in the pound would raise the revenue he mentions, paying the cost of collection besides, even on the present ex travagant scale ; and also that, retaining other direct taxes, a smaller rate per cent. than this would be sufficient. It is not true that we propose to tax " the fortunate pro prietor of a house, or a farm, or a bank, or a gallery of pictures, a service of silver plate, a diamond necklace, or anything that can be sold in the market, only 1 per cent. annually, or, at the most, 11 per cent." We would assess all such things at their marketable value, and charge one uniform rate on the interest of that value. Neither is it true that the " Liverpool Financial Reformers" contemplate exacting from persons having an income of less than 1001. from the Funds a contribution of "30 or 40 per cent. of the annual dividend ;" but, inasmuch as an income of 55/. from the Funds has a present marketable value of about 2,9701., which may be realised any day, while the clerk or artisan's income of 100/., supposing it to be worth fully five times that amount, only represents at the utmost a capital of 5001., they think it a crying injustice that one should be liable to the tax and the other wholly escape it. But the most invidious of the many misrepresentations of the Times is, perhaps, that which, for the purpose of exciting prejudice, seeks to identify us with the town dues' question. Our reply is simply that, inasmuch as we are neither the makers, supporters, nor advocates of taxes on trade, and have nothing whatever to do with them beyond paying them, the sneers of the Times fall wholly beside the mark in this matter as they do in others, We now proceed with the general question, and in the first instance we beg to call your most serious attention to the mode in which indirect taxation operates. From the official " Finance Accounts" for the year ending March 31, 1856, page 8, we find that the nett revenue from taxes was 69,808,9961. 2s, 2d., and that of this sum Customs and Excise duties yielded 40,345,1804 3s. 3d., or very con siderably more thp.n half. Of this amount no less than 36,607,7941. 10s. bid. appears to have been levied on 15 articles only—viz., butter, cheese, coffee, corn, currants, figs, malt, pepper, raisins, rice, spirits, sugar, tea, tobacco, and wine (see Finance Accounts, pages 21, 22, 23, and 26). Enormous as this sum may seem, it is not half, or anything like half, what these duties actually cost the country in en hanced prices to cover expenses and profits of importers and dealers, and charges for collection in the shape of actual payments, and in restricted or utterly prevented trade, in the way of loss, to say nothing of an enormous military and naval expenditure, now, it may, more or less necessary for the defence of our coasts against neighbours whom the Cus tomhouse makes strangers, and whose alliance with us, now at the mercy of the first diplomatic squabble about some matter of equal importance with a Spanish marriage, or a Syrian invasion, would soon be made enduring by open ports and free trade. Now, we ask you to consider seriously whe ther anything can be more preposterous than a system which imposes upon the country a burden of 2s. at the very least for the purpose of realising Is. ? Here you see what trade and industry contributed. What was the quota from land ? You know that all the land of this country not retained by the Crown was parcelled out at the Conquest, on condition of military service, and that this condition was afterwards commuted for a tax of 4s. in the pound, " at a rack rent, and according to the true yearly value thereof." We find from Sir J. Sinclair's " history of the Revenue" that, during the reign of William 111., from 1688 to 1702, the whole sum raised by taxes was 72,047,35 9 1. to which the land tax contributed 19,174,0591., or consider ably more than a fourth part. Now, last year the nett amount of the land tax was just 1,157,5251. Os. 11d. (" Fi nance Accounts," p. 28,) being less than a 62d part of the Lett revenue from taxes only. It is not worth while to con sider by what sort of legislative juggling this transfer of the burden, from land to trade and industry, has been effected, and whether the injustice cannot be redressed ? Is it rational to seek the repeal of a tax which does reach laud, though inadequately, and leave it liable only to the frac tion of a farthing in the pound, to which the "45." have dwindled, thus inevitably making the burden, so ingeniously shifted to your shoulders, still heavier than it is '1 We think that nothing can be more irrational ; but we are sure that such is the tendency of the present agitation for the immediate reduction and early abolition of the present tax. We have stated our reasons for believing that the gross produce of Customs and Excise duties is not half of what they actually cost the country. It would be well if this doubling of the burden were all the evil occasioned by indirect taxa tion, but it constitutes only a small portion of that evil. We crave your attention to other consequences which Row una voidably from it. It is demonstrable that the effect of such duties as those on butter, cheese, and corn, is to raisethe price of all the butter, cheese, and corn consumed in this country, whether of home or foreign growth, by at least the amount of those duties, and thus the consumer, even though he never uses an atom of the foreign articles, to which the tax is ostensibly limit* does, in reality, pay that tax, not to the State, but for the benefit of the home producers. They are, in fact, protective duties imposed upon the whole community for the advantage of one particular class, and that not the working agriculturists, whose interests are most strictly identified with the prospe rity of commerce and industry, but of the owners of land, who are our legislators. The duties on commodities not produced in this country, whether levied by weight or measure, are equally objection able in another way. Being precisely the same in amount whatever the price and quality of the article, they, of course, press most heavily on the description of goods in general use —that is to say, on thoso used by the poor— and most lightly on those which aro only accessible to the rich. Thus, whether the actual value of tea be 10d. or 6s. per lb. ; that of spirits is. or 10s. per gallon; that of tobacco, 6d. or ss. per lb ; or that of wine 6d. or lOs. per bottle, the duties, in all cases, are the same, the poor paying several times over snore per cent, than the rich. The effects are to limit consumption, to restrict trade, and often to pre vent it altogether. For example : a paltry revenue of 26,2311 appears to have been extracted last year from figs. Now, there is a description of figs suitable for general consumption, and produced in large quantities, which, we are assured by an experienced importer, might be introduced and sold at 4d. per pound but for the duty, which altogether excludes them from the market. We aro further informed that a trade in this article, amounting to a large sum annually, might speedily be developed but for this obstacle. You see, there fore, that a lucrative branch of trade, a new opening to our manufactures, increased employment to the industrial classes, and the introduction of a cheap and wholesome fruit, are all prevented by an impolitic tax, which pro duces comparatively nothing to the State. And this is but a sample, derived from one article only, of the effects of that short-sighted and moot injurious system which so many of you seem disposed at present to extend and aggra vate. Another objection to indirect taxation is that, under it, the working man, who has nothing but his labour to depend upon, consumes, individually, of articles not produced in this country, such as coffee, sugar, and tea, as much as the rich man who is in the enjoyment of thousands of patrimonial acres, and, if he be in good health and constant employment, probably more. Thus he pays through his stomach at least as much as the rich man, and he also pays, indirectly, the protective duties on butter, cheese, and corn, which enhance the prices of the rich man's produce at home, even though he never use an ounce of the things on which the duties are actually paid. Moreover, under this system, contribution to national necessities becomes, in defiance of every sound prin ciple, a matter of choice or accident—the rich unmarried miser need pay nothing ; the poor man, with a large family, must pay heavily. It is, in fact, almost impossible to exaggerate the injustice inherent in and the evils inevitably resulting from our present system of indirect taxation. The latter may be thus epito mised,—improvidence, fraud, political corruption, perjury, adulteration, restriction of trade and industry, contempt of revenue legislation, which soon leads to contempt of all other, laws, smuggling, blooished, murder, and, in short, almost every kind of villany. On the other hand, it is equally im possible to exaggerate the benefits which would flow from the abolition of that system. We believe that, with perfectly un trammelled commerce, this country would soon become the European depot for the produce of the whole world, thus attaining a degree of greatness and prosperity suck as has never yet been seen on earth ; and that, with all mankind for our customers and friends, and our example spreading daily throughout the nations, the bare idea of war would soon be scouted by the common sense and common interests of the whole family of man. Talk of diplomacy, of treaties of peace, and alliance ! the best of all diplomatists, the most perma nent of pacificat3rs, will be perfect freedom of trade. We are quite prepared to hear the'se anticipations de nounced as Utopian by many who will not give themselves the trouble to reflect, and by others who find it easier, per haps more profitable, to sneer at reforms suggested by others than to set seriously about the removal of abuses the existence of which they cannot deny, even though those abuses are preying on the very vitals of the country, crippling its re l i - sources, and driving every year thousands of its best, brav'est, and most enterprising sons to seek in foreign climes e liveli hood which, under better government, they might obtain at home much more advantageously both to themselves and the nation. We have, nevertheless, an abiding faith in the sound• dread ness of o fthose unreflecting anticipations. censure, interested Therefore, opposition, or hollow uninfluenced by the and heartless ridicule, we proceed to indicate the means by which, according to our conviction, this great work of na tional regeneration may be effected. The remedy we propose is the abolition of all indirect taxes, and the substitution of a just and equitable system of direct taxation, of which a real property a n d i ncome tax shall be the main feature. The present tax which, on so many grounds, has so jnstly excited your indignation is not such a tax at all. As the act originally proposing it properly alleges, it is a tax "on profits arising from property, professions, I trades, and offices ;" but, unfortunately the profits, whether their sources be transitory or permanent, whether worth 2, 3, 10, or 30 years' purchase, whether held in perpetuity, or entirely dependent on the health and life of the person re ceiving them, all are treated as if they were exactly equal value, all are subjected to one truly Procrustean process by the tax collector. What we suggest as a substitute for this, and for all indirect taxes, is that all property, whether pro ductive or unproductive, and all incomes and earnings above pauperism, shall be capitalised according to their mar ketable or their calculated value, and that the ordinary inte rest of that capitalised value shall be the sum on which the tax, whether that be 5 or 10 per cent., or whatever it may be, shall be levied. Under this system perfect justice would be done to al classes, and whatever statesmen and politicians, anxious to avoid trouble or interested in the preservation of abuses, may say to the contrary, there is no real difficulty in the way of carrying out the necessary arrangements. There are in cont. mon and daily use tables in which talogvalue of property held in fee, on lease for years, or for lives, of terminable and per petual annuities, and of the expectation of life at different ages, is calculated to a fraction. In point of fact, the obsta cles which our rulers and legislators choose to represent as insuperable are daily encountered and overcome by every in surance-office in the kingdom. Justice being thus made the basis of all taxation and wise economy, accompanied by holiest and intelligible accounts, the rule of Government, we should expect soon to see such an improvement in the tone of public morality that to cheat the State, now too generally regarded as the merest pecca dillo in tie world, will be looked upon pretty mach in the same light as the picking of pockets or robbing *a the high way. Thus the patriot, the moralist, the philanthropist, the lover of peace, the friend of progress, and the taxpayer him self, have all the strongest motives and most direct interest in bringing about that entire revision of our fiscal system which we recommend , There is one other point to which we must allude the way in which this change would affect the industrial classes. To the working man in the receipt of, say 2)s. per week, it may seem at first sirrht that it would be a great hardship to have 2s. stopped weekly from his wages, if a tax so high as 10 per cent, were found requisite ; which we by no means anticipate. But, supposing that it were so, when he comes to consider that ho will have all his necessaries and luxuries untaxed; that in all probability the consequences of the immense impetus thus given to commerce and manu factures will be constant instead of precarious employment, and the raising of his wages from 20s. to 255. a week ; and, lastly, that when receiving no wages, from sickness or other cause, he would pay no taxes, as he now must do, whether sick or well, working or idle, ho will see that nobody has a greater interest than himself in the substitu tion of direct f or indirect taxation. In order still furthe r to reconcile th e working classes to the proposed change, which may seem hard to the unreflecting portion of them until its advantag es are proved by their own experience, we would also sugge st that every man paying this tax should have a vote for members of Parliament, thus realising for the first time the constitutional theory of the coincidence of representation with taxation. We have now, fellow-countrymen, indicated the principl e on which a just system of direct taxation may be founded. It is, as wo have previously observed, for our rulers and representatives to work out that principle for you to insist that this shall be done. The present tax "on profits" is one mass of anomalous injustice, so well calculated to disgust you with direct taxation' that it might have been contrived for that especial purpose : but it differs most widely from what direct taxation ought to be and might bo made. Still the existing impost as it stands, with all its faults, its iniquities if you will, is infinitely preferable to the continuance and aggravation of restrictions upon com merce and industry, which will be the inevitable result of its abolition. We therefore counsel you, as you value your own true in• terests and those of the nation, not to direct your efforts to any mere tinkering of the property and income tax, so called —still less to its absolute repeal—but to insist, with one heart and one voice, on the adoption of the two fundamental princi. pies of the Liverpool Financial Reform Association, which aro these : "1. To use all lawful and constitutional moans of inducing the most rigid economy in the expenditure of the Goveru. ment, consistent with due efficiency in the several departments of the public service. " 2. To advocate the adoption of a simple and equitable system of direct taxation, fairly levied upon property and in come, in lien of the present unequal, complicated, and expen sively collected duties upon commodities." On these principles the association was founded in April, 1818 ; it has since that period steadily maintained them, and in their triumph we see a certain prospect of such a pitch of national greatness and prosperity as cannot otherwise be attained. patriotism and com mon two inaccuracies in Be f s o e r n e s c e n w c l e u d t i h n i g n k t h iits right e a t l o t o c your our first address, though they affect the illustrations only, not the argument. The provisions of the sth and 6th Victoria, cap. 35, for ascertaining the full annual value of land, seem to meet the case supposed—that of low rents and periodical fines; and the 16th and 17th Victoria, cap. 34, did reduce the agricultural boundary from 3004. to 2001., so that the farmer paying the latter rent is liable to the income tax on half of it. ~. .... By order of the Council. ROBERTSON GLADSTONE, President. Financial Reform Association, 6, York-buildings, Dale-strot, Liverpool, Jan., 1857. OPENING OF THE NETV HALL OP THE MECHANICS' INSTITUTION, HALIFAX. The new building of the Halifax Mechanics' Institute was formally opened on Wednesday evening by a public soiree and meeting. The greatest enthusiasm was manifested IT some days previous to the opening to obtain tickets of admission. Within a day or two of their issue all were bought up, and hundreds experienced disappointment when they found themselves shut nut from taking part in the event. Upwards of 600 persons took tea together in the rooms of the building. The building presents its principal front to one of the new streets now being made through the centre of Hali fax.by Messrs. John Crossley and Sons, and wilt form one of a group of public buildings (including the new Swan Hotel, the Halifax Joint Stock Bank, the proposed Exchange, and numerous handsome shops) now being concentrated in that locality. As the institute will thus he Surrounded in a short time by other buildings, the front alone has been made the object of architectural display. The new hall covers an area of 670 square yards. The large room is calculated to Feat 700 persons, exclusive of the orchestra, and is 400 square yards in extent. Beneath the orchestra are retiring and refresh mentrooms, &c. The news-room is in front of the build ing, and Its area is 105 square feet. The drawing class room is immediately over it and of the same size, and lighted from the roof. The library -room, which includes a reading-room, in 75 square feet in extent—ample for the necessities of mail succeeding years. The small lec. ture-room opposite, is the same size. The class rooms are of varying sizes, are 12 in number, and will accom modate upwards of 300 pupils at the same time, and will be used by both males and females, but on separate _ _ floors. In addition to all these there is a room to the front, in a line with the intended new street, hitherto called the telegraph-room, and which it is intended to let off on rent. The plans and drawings from which the building has been erected were by Messrs. Lockwood and Mawson, architects, Bradford. The works were let on the 11th April, 1855, as follows :—Masons' work, 2,0451.; joiners' work, 1,4801. ; plumbers' work, 3411. 5,. 2d. ; plasterers' and slaters' work, 4941. 10s. ; ironmongers' work, 241. 17s. ; painters' work, 541. 17s. ; orna __. mental masonry work, 1251.—together, 4,5651. 9i. Bd. The price of the land, 2,0001. Extras—warming venti lating, draining, lighting, ate., 826/. 16s. 7d. — Total, 7,4921. 6s. 3d. ; which, together with architects' fees and furnishing, &c., may be placed a gross total of 8.0001. To meet this large expenditure subscriptions have been promised or paid to the amount of about 3,6001., leaving a debt of 4,4001. At the soiree which followed the tea meeting about 1,000 persons were present. John Crassley, E , q., the president of the institute, took the chair, and the following, amongst others, we ob served present :—Lord Wharncliffe, tue Hon. E. Las celles, M.P., F. Crossley, Esq., M.P., M. Milnes, Esq., M.P., Dr. Sandwith, C. 8., Henry Edwards, Esq., E. B. Wheatley, Esq. (Mirfield), and Edward Akroyd, Esq. The report which was read stated that the number of members and subscribers, male and female, at present on the books, is—Adult members, contributing 10s. 10d. per annum and upwards, 593 ; subscribers, that is, per sons under 18 years of age, and receiving instructions in the evening classes mostly, 186 ; total, 779. The news and reading-room attract the attendance of a large num ber of members. The library has 3,917 volumes. There are evening classes for young people and adults, and there is a penny savings -bank, established at the be ginning of last year, of which the following are the remarkable and instructive statistics :—Gross sum deposited from Feb. 23, 1856, 1,7461. 10s. lOd. ; gross sum withdrawn in the same period, 468 f. 9s. 51d. I net amount to credit of depositors, Dec. 31, 1,2781. la. 4id ; total number of deposits made since Feb. 23, 1856, 17,669 ; average amount of each deposit, it. 51d. ; total number of pass-books issued from commencement, 2,021. On last Saturday evening the largest sum ever received on one bank night, viz., 1077. 7s. 2d., was tAken, and 63 new depositors were accepted. Letters from Lord Stanley, Lord Goderich, Mr. War ren, Q.C., Sir Jos. Paxton, and Sir E. Bulwer Lytton, were read, excusing their non-attendance ; also the fol lowing letter from Sir It. Ptel : " Drayton Manor, Jan. 2. "Sir,—l am in receipt of your letter of yesterday'. date, and owing to previous engagements much regret that it will not be in my power to avail myself of the invitation which you have forwarded from the directors of the Halifax Mechanics' Institute. " I am, Sir, yours respectfully, " ROBERT PEEL. "The President, Mechanics' Institution, Halifax." The CHAIRMAN, after addressing the visitors present, and saying some words of encouragement as to the pros pects of the institution, invited Mr. M. Milnes, M.P. for Pontefract, to address them. Mr. MONCKTON MILNEs said : I think that this is the very first time I have had to address an audience like this without a resolution. I asked the ch..irmau what resolution I had to propose, and he said, " None at all. (Laughter.) One difficulty of not having a resolution is, that one is driven so much into generalities, and therefore the best thing to do is, to treat upon national and general education—but that is not a very general subjeCt ; it may, also, be too particular—not that I think that under general circumstances; there is not any other matter which affects the great social interests of this community, and which does not touch upon party politics. Keep it in the minds of every one of you, although it may be in the discretion of the Government not to press this subject at the present moment, that the question of education is one which affects every man in this country of ours, that those who walk along our streets see that there are children growing up in those streets who know not the very foundation of education, and that there are villages and towns at the mouth of a coal-pit or at the terminus of a railway growing up in the great conglomeration of mankind, and that it is a ques tion with us whether they shall grow up heathens or Christian men. There are certain subjects connected with this question which I think it not unadvisable that I should allude to : there is one subject which demands particular attention at this moment, and that is the present condition of what is called our criminal popu lation. I will not, however, touch upon that question in any political sense, because I think we shall have quite enough of it in the approaching session of Par. liament, and before many months are over you will be so " bored " with the subject that you will think it a greater evil than having your own houses broken into. (Laughter and applause.) I touch upon this question as having two matters comprised within it which it is necessary to keep distinct—viz., first, the general state and circumstances of a large number of pee• ple in this country throw❑ up.in the population; and second, the treatment of our criminals. You know not how difficult it will be for any government to meet this matter, and I feel that we shall take their measures into con sideration. Circumstances over which we have no con trol have done away with that system of transportation by which a large portion of our criminal population was absorbed into society at the other end of the world, and, for their own good, got on very well, and, for our good, we were relieved of their presence. Circumstances have done away with that state of things, but I am sorry to say that no provision has been made by the adminis tration of this country for that end. The meeting was afterwards addressed by Lord ‘Vharncliffe, Dr. Sandwith, Mr. Frank Crossley, M.P., Mr. E. Baines, and others. LOCAL SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, JAN. 15. STOOK EXOHANGE.—The market has been doing a very steady business today, and prices at a slight improvement on yesterday's quotations. North Eastern and Berwick, 218 -I—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, 348 — South Eastern, 22+—Eastern Counties, 94—Midland, 82 —Ditto, new 4t percent. stock, 984 i—Caledonians, 31— Blackburns, 81 London and North Western, 106 1 --East L an cashire, 23 - Lancashire and Yorkshire, 963 i—Dutch Rhenish, par 8 dis. —Great Westerns, 678 6:I —Grand Trunk of Canada, 12.11.3. k--:North Western, 84. _ MANCHESTER, JAN. 15. . STOOK EXOBANGE. There was a steady market to day at the opening, with a rather weak business done at th e c l o se. Sheffieidsi 3 4—Dovers, 22—Midlands, 821 —Great Western, Gg—Leeds, 96 i—East Lancashire, 23 /3 —Manchester Fire Assurance, 7 p.—District Bank, 13 I:4—Electric Telegraph, 25i. BIRMINGHAM, JAN. 15 13TOOK EXOUANGE.—The market was a shade firmer to• day, and prices generally about th e sam e as yesterday. Buying orders were prevalent, with but little stock offer ing. Birmingham New Union Mill, 3.3.9.—General Steam Navigation, 26. CENTRAL AMERICAN STEAM LINE, (From the Panama Star, of Dec. 24.) The Panama Railroad Company's steamship Columbus will, we understand, sail hence positively on 17th inst. for Central America, and may be • looked for here again about the end of the present month. This is the first regular trip of the Columbus on this route, and it is ex pected that she will make regular monthly trips in future to Guatemla, touching at Salvador, Costa Rica, and the province of Chiriqui. She will leave here on her second trip early in January. The Columbus takes up several of our Panama traders, who go to various parts of the coast in order to gain a knowledge of the different mar kets, and to ascertain the class of goods suitable for that trade, and also with a view of purchasing such products of the coast as may be found advantageous for shipment via the Isthmus to the United States. We know of no enterprise which could be more of real benefit to Cential America than the opening of this line ; it is one which we have advocated for year', and for which a greater necessity exists at present than at any previous period. Merchants in Costa Rica, Salvador, and Guatemla, who have hitherto been compelled to wait for months for an opportunity to ship their cargo to Europe or the States via Cape Horn, will now have an opportunity of doing so monthly, at a less expense, and at a saving of sev era l months. In fact, they can now ship their produce home and receive their merchandise in return, in much less time than it formerly took to procure and load a vessel with homeward cargo. STATE OF TRADE. NOTTINGITAIVI, JAN. 15. The lace trade, although by no means active at pre sent, is rather more buoyant, more particularly as respects the foreign demand, which is just now commencing. The home trade is dull. For plain good there is .a fair in quiry. The prospects of a good spring trade are cheer ing. . In licsiery there is a fair amount of business doing ; we have buyers in the market, both foreign and home, and operations to some extent are being carded on. In most branches of the hosiery trade there is considerable activity for the period of the year, and hosiers are anti cipating a busy season. Silk and yarns are exceedingly high. LEICESTER, JAN. 15. The hosiery trade is in a healthy condition. We ex pect soon to be able to report a further improvement, as shortly we may anticipate operations. Stock in hand are very light, so that with a fair quantity of orders our market will be very active. Wools are selling at an enormous price, and worsted yarns are exceedingly dear. The operatives, on the whole, are tolerably employed. [P RICE 4D. Mil Italy Intedige,l%;e Thefollowing officers attached to the Provisional D,?.- pot Battalion at Parsonstown are ordered to proceed ta Nova Scotia, to join the service companies Of their re giments—viz , 62d . Depots—Lieutenants Chippendall, Holder, Walsh, Staines, and Harriseon. 63d Depot— Cap'. Fitzroy, Lieutenants Hand, Pye, Grant, Tuyston, and Moorehead. 76th Depot—Lieut. Preston. These officers will sail in the Arabia from Liverpool to-mor row. Capt. Bouverie, of the 63d, has also received an order of readiness to proceed to Nova Scotia. H. M. steam frigate Amphion, 34, Capt. Chads, arrived at, Spithead yesterday morning from the West India Sta tion, 35 days from Port Royal. She brought no news, and oniv-eme invalid—The orders for her Majesty's steam frigate Imperieuse, 51, Capt. Watson, C. 8., to proceed to En. laud, w. sa de-patched from Port Royal to Grey. town the day before the Aintilnon's sailing. The Am !thine passed St. Alban's Head during the eight of Wednesday, some distance off, and, consequently, saw nothing of the Royal Mail Steam Navigation Company's ship Tyne on shore there. The Ataphion proceeded to Sheerness at 2 p.m. to be paid off. The Simoom, 18, iron troop steamship, Commander Cooke, bent sails at Portsmouth on Wednesday. She i- being fitted, in pursuance of Admiralty order, with a 30-feet cutter, and the stern jollyboat with Clifford's lowering apparatu , , under the personal direction of the patentee, in order that the workmen may prepare in like manner the whole of the boats of the Megssra and Urgent troopships and other vessels, whose officers, since the report of Commander Pullen, of H.M.S. Dee, off the Nore, have made application for the apparatus. Her Majesty's steamvessel Trident, 6, Commander Close, left Spithead yesterday at noon for the West Coast of Africa station. The Megsera, 6, iron steam troopship, Cora. Purvis, was taken out of the steam basin and harbour at Ports mouth yesterday to prove her machinery before being reported ready for embarkation. The Urgent., 6, steam troopship, Commander Phillips, was taken into the steam basin dock yesterday, at Ports mouth, far refit. Her Majesty's steam frigate Retribution and Pigmy tug were despatched from Portsmouth in the night of Wednesday to St. Alban's Head to render assistance to the stranded mailship Tyne. The Pigmy took down pumps, hawsers, and other gear that might be useful. The steam troopship Transit was undocked yesterday at Portsmouth after repairs. The Sharpshooter, 8, steam sloop, was placed under the shears at Portsmouth yesterday to be masted for re commission. A discharge of troops took place from Chatham yes terday. 180 men belonging to various regiments received their discharge. Her Majesty's steam troop ship Dee, Master Com mander Pullen, from Portsmouth, wasyestsrday received under the shears in the outer basin at Woolwich from the river, to be rolodex' with fr 4 ahinery. The gunboats Hunter, Handy, Garnet, and Fenella, of 40-horse power respectively, were hauled out of the fitting basin at Woolwich yesterday, and placed along side the wharf, to be roasted. The following appointments were made yesterday at the Admiralty : Clerks—F. M. S Dufour, to the Retribution ; Rus sell Hill, to the Waterloo. Mr. Augustus Mayford, William P. Law, George P. Heather, and W. 11. Obree, have been promoted to the rank of Master. THE STRANDED MAIL STEAMER TYNE. SOUTHAMPTON, THURSDAY AFTERNOON. A 510 ,, p has just arrived bare with a portion of the cochineal and the bedding of the Tyne. Two more sloops are expected here with cargo and stores. One of them has a cage in which are enclosed two live American lion esses, which have been saved from the wreck. The name of the spot where the Tyne is lying is Kimridge Lodge, scarcely a mile from St. Alban's Point. Her bow is pointing due south, and has been seen completely out of the water. Had the Tyne been steered a mile further to the east she would have weathered the point and escaped. On passing Portland she should have been steered east, or east by north, but she must have been steered north east by north, and must have gone wrong by four points. It is singular that, notwithstanding the denseness of the fog where the Fyne went whore, a few miles off it was quite clear, for on the night of the wreck and about the same time St. Catherine's Light, in the Isle of Wight, was seen thirteen miles down the channel in the direction of St. Alban's Head, and not tar from it Whether the Tyne was steered badly, or the com passes were wrong, or the swift current of St. Al ban's Race, as it is called, drew her out of her course, no one can say. It has been wondered why the lead was not used. But, pitchy dark as it was, as captain could not but imagine, from the time he saw the P• rt land Light, and believing that his vessel was steered pro. perly, that he was in mid-channel, where sounding would be ridiculous. But, even if the lead had been used just before the ship ran aground, it is very probable that 12 or 14 fathom would have been found at else minute, and the next minute she might have been ashore, such is tie abrupt and treacherous nature of the bottom there There was no sea pilot on board the Tyne, for it is a b e oa i r n d, dark it i and mosts nights.mo s most j difficultad a sea thing ptoilopt been on icknp°o n bable the adcident would not have happened. Tne very last voyage of the Tyne, Capt. Valler went considerably out of his way to take in a Channel pilot not far from where his ship was wrecked. Capt. Valler is not what is called a kid-glove commander. He is a good naviga tor and a hard-working man, sparing no labour or skill to bring his ship through a voyage safely. But the ex , - gencies of commerce and the mail service and the powers of steam compel men to drive on in storms and darkness. This is th' cause in a great measure of those multiplied disasters at sea that we now hear of every winter. The royal snail company never employ a man after he has lost a ship. This, perhaps, is not unnatural ; but there cannot be a doubt that there is a growing distaste to un dertake the higher responsibilities of seamen. Comman manders of large steamers get splendid salaries, but the wear and tear of the mind and body are fearful ; and, after all, success is oftentimes a lottery. Rarely o we find a commander of a large steampacket who does not pine for a shore berth after he passes 40 years of age and it does not much matter that this is so, for the ro mance of the sea to youth is everlasting ; and those who have learnt the trade of a sailor are too old to learn any thing else. The sloop that arrived here this afternoon from the Tyne left her at 7 o'clock this morning. Every thing looked favourable for getting off the ship, but the wind has since set in from the south-west, and will, it is feared be fatal to the safety of the steamer. It is believed that a trial to get her off will not be made for a week, when the spring tides will be on. Her stern is damaged, and she is half full of water. A bulkhead is to be fotmed near the stern, and men will pump her out while an attempt is made to float her. The wreck can be seen from the steamers which go up and down the Channel as they pass St. Albau's Head. RUSSIA ON THE SHORES OF THE CASPIAN. ---~--- From a lengthy article in .Le Nord upon the subject of the Persian expedition against Herat, we take the following : It has recently been affirmed that England has just as much right to occupy the islands and ports of the Persian Gulf as Russia bas to occupy and fortify an island in the Caspian, belonging to Persia and situate near Asterabad. The following is the real state of the case :—Russia, by her treaties with Persia, has the exclusive right of keeping vessels of war in the waters of the Caspian Sea. With this right she has at the same time the duty of keeping watch and ward in that sea. The Persian Go vernment, about 15 years ago, invoked the assistance of Russia against the Turcoman tribes who dwell along the eastern coast of the Caspian, savage tribes who subsist by means of a few fisheries and a great deal of pillage, and who used to desolate the Persian coasts by continual acts of piracy and depredation, where they laid waste the plains, pillaged and ransacked the towns, and carried off the inhabitants to sell them as slaves at Khiva. The Russian Government placed at the disposal of the Shah a flotilla of light vessels fit for this kind of service, which cruised constantly between Asterabad and the Turcoman coast for the maintenance of good order. Several expeditions had to be undertaken against the incorrigible pirates of those parts, and they were but ill disposed to give up their inveterate habits. On several occasions their barques had to be destroyed and their chiefs detained as hostages for their future) conduct. The object of the Russiau au horities was not to make a war of extermination upon them, but to bring t hem gradually into a more regular mode of life, by accustoming would be of their barbarous habits to others h whichse of com mercial more profitable to all parties, namely' t o and mol mercial activity, based on respect for proi:r ve y not been 6 larity in their dealings. These efforts fwmaistlperses,viantuidslythousnekcnoonwnntr.ies now enjo bb y ouari a md a i l , n c tgh u i r ss i u ty na w oatn h idl i l c ai h n, a obligedT deadly helt t o c u l s i c m s r i naaintsee,sphaeairlvoperestbueaseelnlryviunngdeorna decimated by.:malignant dia. eases. It was indispensably essential that hosptals !Should be create d, ea in nedo w nt h dh i ei c t h uionn t hs h e e ariet m iqly e u t ic i roe c ad o s u .l .l , d of re A ce st iv er e ab th ad e The Russian Gtclaiodrvenetrohnemyprenenseteenadctecdtohr;dingly obtained from tha t of the Shah leave to build some wooden huts on the uninhabited w an d of Ashourade for the use of the seam ,en invalided from the flotilla, and it is probably this daps )t of invalids that has been so ingeniously metamorpt ,osed into a military fortified occupation, without taking notice of the fact that the Russian Government, having I done the right of hoisting a naval fl 3 g, upon the Caspia • , ti Sea, has no need whatever of taking such a precaution; try measure. Sporting *lntelligence. General Sir Harry D. J(nes, K C. 8., Gen!erill T.lltan sbartl, C. 8., General P. Yule, Royal Engineers, and large number of officers. Since Tuesday a careful inspection of the :large pier EngineersdL stroyed b o a n t : l t b h e a e t day by the t n nindobye Colonel I p it. of the Sandbam, Royal di. the a il u Royal na b e number Engineers' fnt neeb,re Engineer ewn establishment hsi : officers, satisfactory, f l a B c t f o e r e y t and n( t i o h b a le i c n t g e, shivered e t r h e e i y i n werepie pieces, d a e n r d • r b e a c m t r a of ascerteined the results of the experiment to be very taken fully realised, the large mass of masonry compos ing the pier, which was 45 feet long, 21 feet in depth, the huge blocks of stone loosened from their position, and rendered cipeble of being easily removed. The pier Was built on piles, which were driven into the bed of the river, and so far as the state of the tide has permitted an ex imination to be made it is evident that the force of the gunpowder has bad as great an effect in loosen ing the foundations as it Late had upon the superetruo turn. The quantity of gunpowder use I on Tuesday after noon was 3001 b. weight, divided into six charges, an d some surprise was expressed by tho scientific persons present that such a comparatively small quantity only should have been used in the destruction of such a large portion of the structure ; but the object of the en gineers was not so much the blowing up and scatter. ing the materials of which the tier was composed as it was to shake the fabric to its foundation, and loosen the pier so that the materials might be readily detached without filling up the bed of the river—a re sult which was most successfully accomplished. The portion of the bridge destroyed by the troops this afternoon was very large, and consisted of the pier and abutment on which the large arch on the Strood side rested, and was calculated to cantain several thousand tons of masonry. The weight of powder used in. the explosions was nearly 1,0001 b., and was divided into the same number of charges as in the previous experiment!. Since Nov. last the Sappers and Miners have been en gaged in sinking two shafts in this portion of the bridge, which were excavated to the respective depths of 24 and 21 feet ; one shaft having been sunk in the pier, and this other in the abutment, this portion of the undertaking being conducted from the commencement by Capt. H. Schaw, R.E. At the base of each shaft sprang two gal leriee, each 9 feet in length, and in these were deposited the charges of powder used in the destruction of tbe works. The powder was contained in tin waterproof cases, which were enclosed in wooden boxes, 5001 b. weight being re quired for blo wing up the pier and arch, and 3001 b weight in destroying the abutment. The Keystones of the arch were removed by means of smaller blasts. The Royal En gineer troops were engaged last night and this morning, under the comma , d of Captain Schaw, in making the requisite preparations for the explosions, and at an early hour this morning the four charges of gunpowder were deposited in the galleries, when the operation of " tamp• ing" was proceeded with, and the whole of the ap• proaches to the galleries carefully stopped up. The voltaic battery was worked as before by Captain E. C. Cumberland, Royal Engineers. In rder to prevent accidents Colonel Sandham issued the following notice : "On Thursday, the 15th inst., after the blasts in the key-stones of the arch shall have been fired, the two charges in the pier, each of 2501 b., will be exploded, and then, after a short interval of time, the two in the abut ments' each of 150 1 b. Capt. H. Schaw, Royal E n g ineers, who has conducted the whole of the mining operations, and Captain C E. Cumberland, who bas made the ar rangements for firing by the voltaic battery, will fire each cot of mines at the sound of the bugle to fire,' after the sound of the preparative' has been given as a warning. The wires will be led from the charges to the voltaic battery, which will he placed in the office of Mr. Wright, the engineer of the bridge. As Noun as the arrangements had been completed Col. Sandham ordered the bugle to be sounded, as a warning to those present to remove from the places of danger, and immediately afterwards the bugler sounded "to fire." The charges in the arch were first exploded, followed by those in the pier. The effect w s very striking, the grouse for some distance reverberating as if from the effects of an earthquake, while the pier crumbled in pieces and disappeared. The charges in the galleries on the pier abutment were afterwards fired, and that por tion of the bridge destroyed. The large arch of the bridge was blown into the river, and the abutment on the Strood side entirely removed, the sight of the massive stonework of the arcs being blown high into the air being very grand. Nearly one-half of the bridge has new been destroyed, and the remaining portion will be demolished as speedily as possible. The whole undertaking was considered perfectly satis factory by Colonel Sandham and the general and other officers present, and reflected much credit on Captain e Schaw and Cumberland, under whose arrangements the explosions took place. Notwithstanding a very heavy rain an immense num. ber of persons were present to witness the operations, and the troops of the Royal Engineers and the provi sional battalion were drawn up on the bank of the river and on the new iron bridge. The whole of the operations of this day and Tuesday passed off without the slightest accident. MR. COBDEN, M.P., AND THE HOURS OF LABOUR. Mr. Cobden, M.P., has received an invitation to be present at the fortkcoming soir4e of the Bradford Early Closing Association. The hon. gentleman, in reply, after expressing his regret that, owing to other engagements, it will not be in his power fo pay Bradford a visit on the occasion of the approaching demonstration in favour of the early closes of business, wrote as follows : " My sympathies are all in favour of moderate hours of labour, because I am anxious to see those engaged in busi ness enjoying leisure sufficient to the due cultivation of the higher and nobler purposes of existence. In all my public efforts, whether for cheapening the means of exist ence, or lightening the burden of taxation by a reduction of Government expenditure, I have always pursued a po licy which was calculated to place in the hands of the toil ing millions the power of lessening the hours of labour without a corresponding curtailment of the necessaries and comforts of life. lam afraid, however, that the policy of our Government for the last three years—a policy which has not been without some share of popularity with the masses—has not been favourable to the object you have in view. The greater amount exp‘qided by Government in war, or preparation for war, the heavier must be the toil of the people, for it is from their labour alone that our rulers can draw the means for supporting fleets and armies. I wish that cause and effect were more logically kept in view in the discussion of these matters. If I had been present at your meeting I should not have abstained from an allusion to some of those vainglorious theories of which we have heard so much of late, asserting it to be the duty of this country to set the whole world right whenever and wherever it may be out of joint ;' and I would have en deavoured to show the incompatibility of such a doctrine (if seriously carried out) with any other result than the brutish degradation of our population from overwork, and the t hemselves w o s nh r thei r ty on ut offspring. d o i f sl l et e u i is s ss u a r i e ns fusobrl subject, r ed . uc Let t tin however, o me o w hi c therefore h I will all possible success in your movement." VOYAGE OF THE LA PLATA. The La Plata, which arrived at Southampton yester day with the West India mails, left England on the god of last month, just as these fearful gales commenced which caused such devastation among the shipping. She was almost the only ship that was able to push safely across the Atlantic. The Hermann, America, and other large steamers, which left England about the same time, were obliged to put back. On the sth of Decem ber, three days after the La Plata left England, the gale was at its height. A tremendous sea struck her, doing considerable damage, and washed two men, named Geo. Brimsby and Win. Watts, overboard. A fearful /lea was running at the time, and for the instant it was feared that the men would be lost. White this fear was crossing the minds of all on board, a young officer, named May, 19 years of age, put 3 life-buoy on, and, with another. in (is , to assist o ande , ha a d nd g t r h ea e t c t h il i ffi ef . e a d n i i m nt m o e t n h s e e s h e e a i , g ahntdhbealYmthaonung i ts waves w n h er , four o f f icers, hini were prheuartnot idlnl,ignj rolling tp life-buoy around to than lowered, d W hil e this was the carpenter , b oatswain, and three men, jumped into May. The daring act pas sengers presente d him, almost immed iately , with a pur s e doing officer the s callingt sr f b n o r a rvdnci volunteers t t e e r e r s was ne c i l 3 t ß o r s im ay s e by W a a n t d ts m , o f May excited g reat enthusiasm on board, a nd the cii her , l t y but inp th ie e k y in fa g il of 70 guineas, which they collected among themselves ; and a gentleman on board wrote an account of the cir cumstance to the Hon. Captain Denman, in order that such a deed of heroism might be brought before the Queen. When the La Piata arrived at St. Thomas it was blowing so hard that she could not enter the bar hour. Moreover, the wind was accompanied with fright ful rain and hail. On the 12th instant the La Plata ex perienced a hurricane. The ship, powerful as she is was unable to pursue her course, and was obliged to lay 1 to for 12 hours. OPPOSITION TO TELE INCOME TAX. On Wednesday evening a public meeting was held in the Town-hall, Sheffield, to petition Parliament for the re duction of the income tax from the let of April next. The meeting was convened by Mr. J. W. Pye Smith, the Mayor, in compliance with a requisition signed by a arg number of the principal manufacturers, shopteepers l arge in the town, and was numerously attended. The Mayor presided. Resolutions in condemnation of the tax, and • petition to Parliament founded upon them, were agreed to. The Mayor of Maidstone called a public meeting on Wednesday, for the purpose of discussing the subject of the income tax, when resolutions were unanimously passed for prepariog a petition to Parliament, praying that the extra 9d. imposed upon the outbreak of the late war nol be immediately taken off, and the remaining 7d. at as early a period as possible. A public meeting Town-hall, Kendal , on Monday last, Mr. John Whits pinet " 11, mayor , presiding, when resolutions were passed s this tax. was held in the TATTERSALL'S—YESTERDAY. The only business transacted was 1,500 to : 1'4)0 (taken 1-- t t w h twice) about Colonist and Bird-in-the-Hood, c oc 'pled, for tended through again st every part of the kingdom, found e Derby, anti 20 to Ito a " pony" about Zi iy der Z-!e. expression in Tewkesbury yesterdaY,. when ,resolut i ons The ag it a ti o n the income tax, which has now ex 9to 1 wa ,,, o ff ere d about Lord Clifden's " lot ;," 10 to 1 condemnatory of the tax were passed, in one _of the most would have been taken. Not a bet was In: ith lon the ; unanimous meetings whioh we ever remember to have Chester Cup. witnessed.