The Sun. — London, England, 1857-01-16 00:00:00

"1 R. ALBERT SMITH'S MONT BLANC , • Ult BADEN", up the RHINE.. and PARIS. is NOW OPEN VERY EVCNING (except Saturday) at 8 o'clocic.—Srallr, Is :ea. 2r. ;:callerv. Is. Stalls can be recurci at, the box oftlee, gyptian Hail, Piccadilly, every day leetween eleven amt four, with , It any - extra charge. the INT4rpina Representation; take place ef (cry Tuesday and -aturday, at Three o'clock. ITONSEIGNEUR SIBOUR.-A PORTRAIT 11 MODEI, of the ever-to-be•lamented ARCIIBISHOP of A AltlS, basely assassinated In the Church of St. Stienne•du-Mont, WO . the infamous Verwer, a few days Move, may he seen in Alaeam, USSAUD'S HISTORICAL G 11.LERI, Bazaar, Baker-strect, Port !" tan-square. --Alm!ssion, Is. ; extra rooms, 6d. Opea from eleven le 11 dusk, and torn seven till ten. • R. W. S. WOODIN'S OLIO of ODDITIES, M wit' New Costumes and v irious Nov:ltieq, Tocal anel racteristie, every evening (except Qat:inlay) at Ei g ht A MOEN. •*. ING PE ItirOlt Ni ANC E every SA. TTRD AY. at Three. Private Bo xes : and Malls may be secured, without extra charge, at the iSox-office, Polygraphic-hail. Mg William-street, Charing-crow. The hall has r eert entirely redecorated. ARGYLL ROOMS.—LAURENrS CAS I.lVc ), Great Windmill-street, St. Jawe's.—The ahnve elegan ' Rooms are now open every evening tor the wlnter season, with Laurent's celebrated Orchestra. Principal Cornet-a-piston, Roalcourt. The Proprietor begs to ',dorm the public that this fashionable place of resort ha• been entirely redecorated during the recess. poom open at half-pot eight, c,on.mence at nine. Admis rision One Shilling. -DR. KAHN'S , ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, 4, Coventry-street, Leicester-square.•—Open (for Gentlemen only) from 10 till 10, containing upwsrds of one thousand models end preparations, illustrating every part of the human frame in . health and disease, the race of men, &c Lectures delivered at 12, 2,4, and half-past 7. by Dr. G. SEXTON, ; and a new and highly-interesting series of Lectures is now in course of delivery t.y Dr. KAHN, at a quarter p xst 8 p.m. precisely. Admission. One Shilling. Catalogues containing Lectures as delivered• by Dr. Rhan (gratis). GENERAL TOM THUMB, the AMERICAN DWARF.—Cromled Houses.—Patronised thirteen years ego by her Majesty, R.R.H. Prince Albert, the Duchess of Kent, &c.. &c. Exhibiting every day and eveninz, previous to visiting Russia, in Regent Gallery, 69, Quadrant. from 11 to 1, 3 to 5, and 7 to 9 o'clock., liis beautifully proportioned, and the smallest man alive. 1119 performances are , remarkably talented and enchanting. New Characters, Costumes's Semis, Dances, Statues, Ice. The General continues to wait on the nobility and gentry, at their residences, on due notice. Ma miniature equipage promenades the streets lair. Admission, is. each, regardless of age ; Stalls, 2s. and 3s. ; children half-price. AIESSRS. PETTER and GALPIN beg respectildly to intimate that they have removed to their :newly erected premises, La Belle Sausage-yard, Ludgate-WV. PROPERTY AND INCOME TAX ASSOCIATION. Ilees-156 (opposite the Peel Statue), Cheapside. Chairman —Major DEED, M.P. Treasurer —T. SIDNEY, Esq.. Alderman. The objects of this Association are to obtain the immediate repeal , of the Acts of Parliament which increased the Property and Income 'Tax from 7d. to 16d. in the £, and a more equitable adjustment or as total repeal of the Tax upon Trades and Protessions. The Great Central Meet!nr—Mr. Alderman SIDNEY in the chair be held at EXETER-lIALL, on WEDNESDAY next, the :list JANUARY, at 6 p.m. for half-past 6 precisely. General Sir J. F. Fitzgerald, M.P., K.C.8., C. S. Butler, Esq . M.P., Alderman Chan s, M.P., T. S. Buncombe, Esq.. M.P., John Brad", Fsq., 'moo. Bowyer, Esq., ALP., D.C.L., Montagu Chambers, Esq., M.P., Q.C., Thos. Chambers, Esq., M.P.. Apsley Follett, Esq., M.P., and other Members of Parliament will attend. . . . . Deputations are expected from several large provincial towns. Admission tickets may be had at the offices of he Association, of the Members of the Committee, and at various places in the metropolis. CYRUS F. BUOTT, Bony. Secty. PRESERVATION of LIFE from SHIP WRECK.—The Committee of the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE -BOAT INSTITITTIIN would earnestly call the attention of the public to the great and extraordinary exerthms which the Society Is now making to supply exposed points n the coast with efficient Life-boats, and which will involve an expenditure of more than 3,0901. The Lifeboats of the Institution have, during the terriCc wale of last week, saved the lives of sixty persons from shipwrecks. They there- Ibre earnestly APPEAL to the benevolent to- assistance, to enable them to continue, with unabated vigour, their hitherto successful exertions in the cause of humanity. THOMAS H ART a, Chairman. 'NUM AS CHAPMAN. Deputy-Chairman. gabscriPtions and Donatlona will be thankfully received by a'l the London bankers, andat the house of the Institution, 14, John-street, Adelpht. NOTICE OF DIVIDEND. BANK OF DEPOSIT, No, 3, PALL-MALL EAST, LONDON. ketabli@hed A.D. 1844. The Warrants for the Half-yearly Interest. at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum, on Deposit Accounts. to 31st December, are reMy for delivery on and after January the 10th, 1857, and payable daily. PETER MORRIRON, Managing Director. Parties desirous of INVERTING MONEY are requested to 4xamlne the plan of the 13,,nk of Deposit. Prospectuses and Forms for Opening Accounts sent free on appli cation. LONDON AND WESTMINSTER BANK.- NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, rhat the ANNUAL GENE RAL MEETING of this Company will he held at the Bank, in Lothhury, on WEDNESDAY, the 21st of January, at Ono o'clock. precisely, to decree a Dividend. to submit for confirmation the eke tisn of William Tile, Esq., M.P., F.R.S., and Bonamy Dobree, jun., Esq., who have been nominated by the Boar() of Directors, in the place of Frederick Burmester. Esq., deceased, and Thomas Fern tomb, Esq., Alderman, resigned, and to elect three Directors in the place of Bonamy Dobree, Jun. Esq., David Salomons, Esq , Alder• m s.n, and Henry Bosanquet, F:sq., who retire by rotation, bat being eligible for re-election, offer themselves accordingly. By order of the Board. J. W:GILBART, General Manager. Lothbury, January, 1857. The Transfer Books of the Company will be closed until the 26th instant, to prepare.for the Dividend. T HIRTY-NINTH REPORT of the LONDON JOINT-STOCK BANK. At a GENERAL MEETING of the SIIAREHOLDERS. held at -the Banking•house of the Company, in Prince's-street, Mansion ;louse, on Thursday, the 15th of Januiry, 1857, PHILIP WILLI %NI FLOWER, Esq.. Chat cm an. THOMAS TILSON, Esq., Deputy-Chalrman. DIRECTORS. , William Vird, Esq. William Blount, Esq. Sir George Carroll. William Miller Christy, Esq. Aid. Sir James Duke, Bart., M.P. Philip William Flower, Esq. George Holgate Foster, Esq. Francis Bennett Goldney, Esq. Will. Ormsby Gore, Esq., M.P. Mary Grace, Esq. TITS MANAGER—G, SoLicrrosa—Messrs Archibald Hattie, Esq., M.P. William J. Lancaster, Esq. Rir John M'Taegart, Bart., M.P. George Meek, Esq. AMbrORO Moore, Esq. John Timothy Oxley, Esq. John Joseph Silva, Esq. George Tayier, Esq. Thomas Tilson, Esq. eorge Pollard, Esq. I. Clarke and Morino. The following Report was presented : With much satisfaction the Directors again meet the Proprietors of the Bank, to place before them the state of their affairs, and the Profit and Loss Account for the Half-year ending the 31st December, 1856. The Proprietors perceive that, including the sum of 25 , 0861. lbs. 6d., broucht forward on the 30th of Jane last, there Is a net balance of 84,2171. Is. 9d., which the Director] have appropriated as follows, Ti Z : £37,500 0 0 to the payment of a Dividend of 67. ss. per cent. for the hair-year (being at the rate of 12% per cent. per annum) upon 600,0001. tho paid-up Capital. 46,500 0 0 to the payment o f an additional bonus of 15s. 6d. per share, and 217 4 9 to the credit of the Guarantee Fund. £84,217 4 fl With tits addition the Guarantee Fund amounts to 165,932/. 13s. 10d. The following gentlemen retire from the direction by rotation, ILL:— William Miller Chris'y, Esq. Francis Bennett Goldney, Esq. William Ormsby Gore, Esq , M.P. Henry Grace, Efq., and Thomas Tilson, Esq. all of whom offer themselves for re-election. The dividend and bonus, free from income tax, will be payable on and after Friday, the 231 instant. The preceding report having been read to the meeting by the Sr last, after a dividend f o r th e h a lf- year en di ng th e 31 s t o f December after the rate of .2L 10s. per cent. per annum, and a further division of 15s. 6d. per share, out of the net profits of the year ending as above, were declared by .he Chairman. Resolved u nanimously—That the report now read be received, and that it be printed for the use of the shareholders. '1 he I°ll e.hig Directors having retired by rotation, were unani mously re-elected, viz : William Miller Christy, Eeq. Francis Bennett Goldney, Esq. William Ormsby Gore, Esq., Henry Grace, Esq., and Thome,' Tilson, Esq. Resolved tuaanimously—That the thanks of the meeting, with the expression of its confidence, be given to the Directors for their very able and excellent management. Resolved unanimously—That its thanks be also most cordially tendered to George Pollard. Esti, the Managei. Extracted from the bned) Minu p. tes F -LOWER, Chairman. JNO. WARDROPE, Secretary, LIABILITIES and ASSETS, WEDNESDAY, DEC. 31, 1856. THE LONDON JOINT-STOCK BANK. To capital paid up, viz.,60,000 shares iitt eac h .. To amount due by the Bank ...... 4 4600,900 0 0 To amount of "The Guarantee 7,224527 13 5 Fund," June 30, 1856 .. • 4163,266 9 2 To six months' interest on ditto, at 31. per cent. per annum • • 2,44$ 19 11 To undivided profit for the last halficar To amount carried to profit and loss account..Z . .... 165,'15 9 25,0 85 18 6 113,424 5 11 2 3,128,154 6 11 Cu. By Exchequer-bills and India-bonds £1,018,611 5 o By cash, loans, bills discounted, and other securities 7,065,068 1 11 By building, furniture, itte., in Prince's-street By ditto, ditto, in Pall mall 8,125 0 0 45,075 0 0 £9,128,754 6 1 PROFIT AND LON ACCOUNT OP THE LONDON JOINT-STOCK BANIC, FOR THE lIALP.YEAR, ENDING DEC. 31, 1856. Da. To current expenses, proportion of building ex penses, directors' remuneration, bad debts, in come tax, & c £26,473 16 6 To amount carried to profit and loss, new account being rebate of interest on bills discounted not Yet due To amount transferred to the credit, of " The Gua rantee Fund"..To • • ...... • • • • *************** • dividend account for the pay men t of 4 all--a-year's di vulead, at the rate of 12% per cent. per annum upon 600,000/ amount of paid-up capital upon 60,000 shares ** To ditto for the payment of a bonus of 15s 6d. per share .. ...... „ 27,820 3 2 217 4 9 37,500 0 0 46,500 0 0 £133,511 4 5 By balance brought clown .. "'"• r —•••••••• 1 ••• £ll3 121 5 11 By undivideorwad from thalf-year • • .....d profit bro ught f th .. e. 25,086 18 6 £138,511 T" LONDON JOI N - STOCK BANK. Established in 1936. Head-office—Prince's -street. Mansion -house. Western Branch -69, Pall-mall. Sabseribed Capit G al u X3, at 00 eel4ooo. , Paid - u p Capital , l £6ooooo. are Fund,ooo. , Aceonnti of parties arc kept agreeably to , Bankers. the custom of L ondon . - - Parties keeping banking accounts with the Bank can at all times ransfer to a deposit account such portio n of their balance as they may not immediately require, upon which t heir balance the current rate of the day w ill be showed. Deposits are also received from parties nit elastomers, either at call, or for thud periods, or interest at the market rstes. The agency o f j o i nt - stoc k an d other country and fo re i gn banks and rtaken on such ter ms as may be agreed upon. Investments in and sales of all des..,ription, of British and forel.m scent' ti-s, bullion, specie, &e. , effected. r, ' Dividends 011 English an foreign funds, on raaway and other shares, debentures, and coupons, received without charge to cus tomers. Every other description of banking business and money agency transacted, and letters of credit granted Ott the COlllinellt, and en the chief commercial towns of the world. UNION ASSURANCE SOCIETY (FIRE, LIFE, and ANNUITI :S). A.D. 1714. Conti'll, and 'lO, Baker-street, London. College-green, Dublin.—Gronengen-street, Hamburg. Exchange-street West, and Tithebarn-street, Llvcrp mi. No•th Nelson-street, Edinburgh. Instituted in the reign of Queen Anne, A.D. 1714, with large Invested Funes. . DIItECTOELB. &C. CnAtaxAte—JOllS BE INGTON MILLS, Esq. PEPUTT-CRAIRUAN—HENRY ALDWIN SOAHES, Esq. James Bentley, Esq. John Paynter, Esq. Thomas Bodley, Esq. John Rogers, Esq. Daniel Britten, Esq. Henry Britt, Esq. Nicholas Charrington, Esq. George Spen , ..er Smith, Esq. S. Preston Child, Esq. Horsman Solly, lr eq. William Gilpin. Esq. W. Foliar White, sq. Thomas Lewis, Esq.' k.arnuel Wilson, Esq., Aid. Thomas Mills, Esq., M.P. Stephen Wilson, Had. John Morley, Esq. LIFE Reduced rates for young and middle ages. with guarantee of a company in existence upwards of 140 years, and a large accumulated capital. The last Bonus (1855) gave additions to policies varying from 25 to 70 per cent. on the previous Coven years' premiums. Lower rates, without profits. Two-thirds only of the premiums may be paid until death. Decreasing and increasing rates of premium, and half-yearly or quarterly. Medical fees allowed. I^.'"; 0, 1 4 9.) PUBLICATIONS. NEW NOVEL BY THE AUTHOR OF "THE HOUSE OF ELMORE. " Now rzady at all the Libraries, In 3'vols., t7fi ILD:FLOWER. r Y By the author of " The House of Elmore." Hurst and Elaekett, publishers, successors to Henry Colburn. This day, Octavo, 3s. 6q., AREVIEW of the DIVORCE BILL of 1856, with Propositions for an Amendment of the Law , : raze ing Married Persons. Inscribed, by Permission, to Lord Lyndhurst. London: John W. Parker and Son, West Strand. THE,- ERA. of TO-MORROW w ill contain:— T(3 TEIEATRICALS.—Read TIM ERA of To-morrow. TO FRE :MASONS.—See The ERA of To-morrow. FRIENDLY members should mad TnE Erie of To-morr6w. THE UNJUST INCOME TAX.—See ERA of To-morrow. PANTPMIITER and PAIsTTO IMIS rs —see ERA of To-morrow. 7111 7 ; GOLD DUST ROBBERY, with SENTENCE and VERDICT. TRIAL of REDPATH and KENT.— See ERA of To-morrow. "TOUCHSTONE'S" LOT TO BACK FOR NEXT DERBY. Order of all News Agents. or send six pos'ags stamps to ERA Office, 3, Catherine -street, Strand. The &mond Edition, just published, price 55., by post free, ss. 6d., 4 3 Z TRICTURE OF THE URETHRA. 7 'IRE PATHOLOGY AND RATIONAL TREATMENT of STRICTURE of the URETHRA, in•all its Varieties and Compli cations, with Observations on the Use and Abuse of Instruments In the Treatment of Diseases of the Urethra. The whole Illustrated by numerous Cases selected from the Records of upwards of Twenty Years' extensive and successful Practice. By F. B: WURTENAY,.III.I3.C.sa. "We know of no man to whose care we would sooner Intro the treatment of a severe stricture."—medical Circular. London: H. Baildere, 219, Regent-street. ALBERT LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY, 11, Waterloo-place, Pall-mall. Notice is hereby given, that the HALF-YEARLY DITIDEND to the 3lst ultimo, after the rate of Seven per cent. per annum, will be In COURSE of PAYMENT to the Shateholders on and after the 12th January instant. ' HENRY WILLIAM SMITH, Bth January, 1857. Actuary and Secretary. FERE. Insurances at the usual rates.aWciproflts re , urned on policies taken out for seven years by p ompt payment. I.o•ses occasioned by ex plosion of gas mule odd. The offices clos.. on Satur.lays at two o'clock. excepting in the fifteen days after each quarter-day. Insurances now expiring must be paid on or before the 9th Janu ary, at the office in London, or of the respect's-0 agents. WILLI M B. LEWIS, Secretary. THE PROVIDENT CLERKS' MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE ASSOCIATION and BENEVOLENT FUND. • Established 1/34A. TIIIISTEEd. Thomas Baring, Esq., M.P. I W. G. Prescott, Esq. Thomas Hankey, Esq., Nr.p. Baron L. de Rothschild, U.P. Tiousunss OF TIIE BEN LVOLENT FUND—John Abel Smith, Esq., M.P. LIFE ASSURANCE DEPARTMENT. 15, Mooreate-street, London, December 23, 1854. Notice is hereby given, that the SIXTEENTH ANNUAL GENE RAL MEETING of the Members of the MUTUAL LIFE AS4II - DEPARTMENT will be held at the London Tavern, Bishopsgate-street, in the City of London, on MONDAY, the 19th day of January, 1857, at Six o'clock in the Evening precisely. Th e following Directors, in accordance with Rule 7, go out of Office by rotation, but, being eligib'.o, offer themselves for re-elec tion, viz.:— Mr. Richard Henry Tones Mr. Richard Price I Mr. Willtan Jeremiah Jordan. Mr. William Stanhope Sall-tell. By order of the Board. - - WILLIAM TIIO. - 1111S — EINFORD, Secretary. BENETOLENT DEPARTMENT. - • Notice is hereby given, - that the SIXTEENTH ANNUAL GENE RAL MEETING of-tit, MEMBERS and FRIENDS of the EIe:NE VOLENT DEPARTMENT, will b 3 hell at the London Tavern, Blshopsgate-street, in the city of London, on WEDNESDAY, February 11, 18.57, at Silt o'clock In the Evening precisely. JOHN ABEL SMITH, Esq., M.P., Treasurer, in the Chair. By order of the Beard, WILLIAM TWO MAS LINFORD, Secretary. The nnnual accounts of both departments may be inspected at the office one week prior to the general meeting. NI R. HOWARD, burgeon-Dentist, 52, Fleet- Z.. street, has introduced an entirely new description of ARTY VIC lAL TEF:TII ,fixecl without springs, wires, or ligatures. They 10 Perfectly resemble the natural teeth as not to be distinguished from the original by the closest observer; they will never change colour or decay, and will be found very superior to any teeth ever before used. this method does not require the extraction of roots, or any painful , peration, and will support and preserve teeth that are loose, And is guaranteed to restore afticulation and mastication. Decayed teeth rmdered sound and useful is mutication.--52, Fleet-street. At home from ten till five. CANCER HOSPITAL, London and West Brompton.—Recretary's Office, 167, Piccadilly.—This Institu tion has been established exclibively for the treatment of the poor afflicted with cancerous diseases. Out-door patients to attend at 167, Piccadilly, on Tuesdays, at 2 o'clock. In-door patients are admitted at the Brompton Estaelishment, for one month, and for a longer period if recommended by the medical officers. The number of per sons under treatment as in or out-door patients have averaged fir the last three years about 400 cases each year. Since the foundation of this Hospital in 1851, 1,799 poor persons, suffering under every form of this dreadful malady, have received the benefits of this Charity. A Weekly Board manage its affairs, and every informa tion connected with the Institution may be obtained on application to the Secretary. Contributions to enable the Committee to continue this great work of benevolence are urgently solicited, and may be paid to William Lanham Farrar ' E'q., the Treasurer, 66, Lincoln's inn -fields; Messrs. Coutts and Co., Strand; and at the Secretary's Offices, 167, Piccadilly. By order. W. J. COCKERILL, Secretary. OYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road, Patron—The QUEEN.—Founded 1823. The sick poor are admitted on their own application alone ; no re commendation is required. During the past month the following number recerea the benefits of-this Charity. either as out or in-door patients, on their personal -Ipplicati on : Week ending 7th November 2,154 Ditto 14th Nover , :; o e r ..., Ditto 21st 1,972 Ditto 28 r,,T ovember 2,309 29th and 30th wovember . 269 were new cases, the remainder (still under treat- Total in November • • 8,747 f which 2,77:, 'rent) hay . .eg been admitted previously. The clergy of all denominations have unlimited access to the pat'., nts, Heavy expenses are inevitably incurred in affording such exten sive relief. The Committee, therefore, earnestly entreat the aid of the public. The management of the Hospital is in the hands of 30 Governors, • early elected from the general list of subscribers, at the Annual , eneral Meeting in January. A Board is held every Thursday, at 4 o'clock (Rev. J. B. Owen, Chairman), to conduct the business, when any subscriber may attend, if so disposed, the Board being at ,11 times desirous of receiving suggestions or giving explanation. The Hospital is not endowed, but is wholly dependent on volun tary contributions and legacies, which are received by the Treasurer, John Masterman, Esq., M.P., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co. ; Drummond and Co.; Berries and Co.; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co.; Smith, Payne, and Co.; Glyn and Co. ; Jones Loyd and Co.; Barclay and Co.; Denison and Co.; Williams, Deacon, and Co.; Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nisbet and Co., Ber ners-strcet ; Masterman and Co.; and at the Hospital. Clothing for the destitute patients will be thankfully received. By order. J. B. OWEN, M.A., Chairman. A NEW AND IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE SCIENCE OF MED. P atent °Mee Seal of Great Britain. ICLNE Diplome d'Ecole de Pharmacie TitillarresEammtcien de Paris. Imperial College of Medicine, Vienna. No. 1,2, and 3, prepared in the form of a lozenge, devoid of tast e or smell, and can be carried in the waistcoat pocket. old in ti n vaiMau, L a l lemand, Roux, cues, divided into separate doses, as administered by Mord, &c., &c. T RIESE MAR LAg A , ri No. 1 is a Remedy for RE conBequen ON, SPERMATORRH(EA, and all the distressing whatever In enjoyment of health tong refld e cea ne : r t n sin h g from early abuse, indiscriminate excesses, or too RIAGE, th e :T are be Aro% th and vigourhot climates. It has restored bodily and sexual now in th e to thousands of debilitated individuals who are Eieanally, in the she ethe cause for DISQUALIFICATIONS for MAR TRIESEMAR No. IL, and the Functions of Manhood ; and eradicates all tracea °rn Um:tally subdued by this Wonderful Discovery. forms, Gleets, Strietnres, s pace of three days, completely and entirely orrhcca, both in its mild and aggravated Loin. Irritation 01 the Bladder. Non-retention of Urine, Pains of the ..'opaivi and Cubebs have and se c) -Kidneys, and those disorders which m tg . been thought an antidote for, to the nen of the health of a vast d stream, ex Il e‘i'll thea Scow altogether Y e e g TRlEsil,4l°Taf the population. tills and Secondary Symp- Is:the great Continental Remedy for No. 111., M.. annS. It also constitutes a certain cubie.i lig ! nits course Scrofula. iher t 0 e and adi c eradicate all corrup tCiours L oEr uPdons impurities 1 from the vital the virus of disease, and Zapel it with through the medium of the pores of the skin n sensible perspiration never-failing remedy for that class of disorders and urine, and is a he English Physician treats with Mercury, ton- which unfortunately le inevitable destru lion of the patient's constitution, and which all the sarsa p aril l a the world cannot restore. Price I Is., or four cases in one for in saves I Is. and in 51. cases, whereby there is a saving of 11. 12x. To be had will:sale and retail In London, of Derby and Gordon, 140,Leadenhall-street; Prout, 229, Strand ; Hannay and Co., 63, Or ford-street ; Sanger, 150, Oxford street;- Barclay and Son, 97, Far ringdon-street ; Butler and Harding, 4, ede •; Edwards, St. Paul's Churchyard. - HUMAN FRAILTY a Popular Medical work, price ls., post free, beautifully illustrated with 100 engravings, and containing the opinions of Valpeau, Lallemand, Roux, Ricord, &c. It gives copious instructions for the perfect restoration of those who are prevented by impediments from entering into the married state, also showing the dreadful results from early abuse, gonorrhoea, and syphilis, and the benefits arising from the chemical n tests and examination of the spermatoza, by the author's newly microscope, with al Powerful lenses,—Piper and Co., 23, ratollloBter row ; and from all agents for the sale of"Triesemar •." THE WEATHER IN THE • BALTIO.—ST. PETERSBURG, Jan. 12.—Revel roadstead is now covered with ice as far down as Nargen. Riga, Jan. 7.—The harbour waft completely frozen over last night, and the gulf, as fat se can be seenfrf: , tn the watch tower. is covered with a firm aluret of ice. The navigation may therefore be eelmi. dered $ closed. Davtzie, Jan. 12.—There is a gr.;;it drift of ice in the reads. Neustadt, Jan. 11.—The har bour, as far as the roadstead has been covered with a firm coat of ice since the 9th January, and the navigatioc stopped. , //2 k • 11,4 • t 4 .4 1. t44.4_ \ tV u fi t. . 1 3 .411: - • Ik' vim , , t. - -6.„ (4 , „ z r . - . .* . e o - _ , ff e . ' , r 5.. -12 mA te , , " N - \7` ' l6 --- . fr• / 7 d ze ~~z~~~ [PRICE 4D. STA '.IPITAI 51.), RU,'57,1 ON THE SHORES OF TILE CASPIAN. From a lengthy artic'e in be Nord upon the subject of the Persian expedition nainst Herat, we take the following : It has recently been affirmed than. England has just its much right to occupy :he islands and p rte of the Persian Gulf as Russia has to occupy and fortify an island in the Caspian, belonging to Persia and situate near Asterabad, The following is the real sttise of the case :—Russia, by her treaties with Persia, has the exclusive right of keeping vessels of war iu the waters of the Caspian Sea. With this right she has at the same time the duty of keeping ww - ch and ward iu that sea. The Persian Go vernment, about 15 years ago, invoked the assistance of Russia against the Turcotnan tribes who dwell along the • eastern coast of the Caspian, savage tribes who subsist by means of a few fisheries and a great deal of pillage, and who used to desolate the Persian coasts by continual acts of piracy and depredation, svLere they lei I waste the plains, pillaged and ransacked the towns, and carried off the inhabitants to sell them as slaves at /Chive. The Russian Government placed at the disposal of the Shah a fl oilla of light vessels fit for this kind of s ervice, tbe which cruised constantly between Asterabad and good order. Turceman coast for the maintenance of but ill Several expeditions hal to be un deriaken w ag er a e inn incorrigible pirates of those parts, and i _t i t t ) s ey On seeral disposed to give up their inveterate st b chiefs detained heir as barquesboeagesl ad f tro. their b w e a futureds e a n s o t destroy o t y co e o d m a nk n ce d t a. theirTwba war object of the Russian au h o ri u t ti or t to them geadually of extermination upon them, life, bring by accustoming them, into a more regular mode instead t 1 more of profitablet e barbarousparties, to namely,others t those of weuld com mercialregu- larity int activity,ir eabiaisnegdson T r e b s e p s e e c t effortsfo r have property andnot beets ft uitleee, and those countries now erjoy a security which was previsndy unknown. The Russian sailors serving on board tbie flotilla, obliged to cruise perpetually under a burning sun and in a deadly climate, hare been decimated by malignant dis ea,ses. • It was indispensably essential that hoepAals should be created, in which the men could receive the care they needed ; and the unhealthy coasts of Aeterabad did not present the conditions required. The Russian Government accordingly obtained from that of the Shah leave to build some wooden huts on the uninhabited island of Ashoutade for the use of the seamen invalided from the flotilla, and it is probably this depot. of !invalids that has been so ingeniously metamorphosed into a military fortified oecupation, without taking notice of the fact that the Russian Government, having alone the right of hoisting a naval flag upon the Caspian Sea, Lai no need whatever of taking such a precautionary measure. sporting Intelligence. TATTERSALL' S--YESTERDAY. The only;;;;;7lra7l7 ,7 eted 100,(ta,ken twit() about (2,4l , Atist aud ,;t(; Del Oy, awl 20 to 1 to ti, `r pony" abAlt Zoydo. Z-e• 9 to 1 watt offered about Lord Ctifden'a "lot ;" 10 to 1 would have been taken. Not a bet was made on the Chester Cap. LONDON, FEIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 16, /857. LIVERPOOL REVISION OF TAXATION. To the Middle, Commercial, Manufactnting„ and Indus trial Classes of the United Kingdom. Fellow-Countrymen, —ln redeeming our promise to point out more distinctly the evils of the system of taxation which prevails at present in this country, and to suggest a better, we adopt the heading prefixed to our first address by the editor of the Time -1, though we have no intention of replying seriously to the bantering commentary with which he has been pleased to accompany it. To do this would be sheer supererogation, since you are able to judge for yourselves how far that commentary applies to or is justified by our remonstrances. To some portions of it wo shall allude, because they embody and foster very common prejudices; as to the rest, only ob serve that if our cr iti c thi n k s the present system a good one he ought to have defended it ; while, if he deems it bad, it was his duty to state what ho would substitute for it. Having neglected to do either be has only wasted time, perverted talent, , and m•nked the public, by indulging in burlesque misrepresen tations of those who do suggest reforms which, in their judgment, will be most beneficial to all classes of the com munity. There must be taxation. The solo question is, whether it shall be direct, indirect, or a combination of both. New, wo -are firmly convinced that a system of direct taxation only is that which will best promote the interests of this country. It is not true, as the Times suggests, that we contem plat ) "the abolition of every impost whatever, except one," or that we are so foolish as to Imagine that such a tax, how ever just and equitable, can be levied " in a manner which shall be perfectly inoffensive and agreeable ;" or, as it is else where worded, " both pleasant to all palates and harmless to all constitutions." What we do contemplate is, the abolition of all imposts on commodities and materials of manufacture, and the substitution of a tax on property, income, and earnings of all k:nds, fairly assessed, according to their capitllised value; retaining, if necessary or advis able, the succession duties, and some others, direct in their operation, cheaply collected, and unexceptionable in their nature as any taxes can be. We also believe that much, if not all, that is annoying and inquisitorial in the proceedings of agents now irresponsible may be avoided under the plan suggested by one of your body—Mr. J. R. Jeffrey—in his evidenee before the select committee of the Ho use o f Com mons. It may suffice here to state that one part of that plan embodies great improvements in the machinery for working the tax, the effects of which will be to secure fitness and re sponsibility in the agents, and to prevent all unnecessary publicity. Wo confess that we are not sanguine enough to imagine that, by any process, taxation can be rendered either pleasant or palatable to all parties. It is at best a necessary evil, but we see no reason why the evil should be aggravated by grass injustice, preposterous waste, or most unwarrantable exposure of private affairs. It is not true, as , tho Tinzes states, that our " plan" in cludes a tax of " not less than de. a pound, more probably 7s. or Bs., on the estimated income of all the property in the kingdom." Supposing that incomes and earnings of all kinds only amounted to 65 , /,000,000/. a year (a moderate es timate, considering that much more than a tenth of this sum was raised by taxes last year), the Editor will see that a tax of 28. in the pound would raise the revenue he mentions, paying the cost of esllection besides, oven on the present ex travagant scale ; and also that, retaining other direct taxes, a smaller rate per cent, than this would be sufficient. It is not true that we propose to tax " the fortunate pro prietor of a house, or a farm, or a bank, or a gallery of pictures, a service of silver plate, a diamond necklace, or anything that can be sold in the market, only 1 per cent. annually, or, at the most, 1 per cent." We would assess all such things at their marketable value, and. charge one uniform rate on the interest of that value. Neitheri;l;;;; that ilie " Liverpool Financial Reformers" contemplate exacting from persons having an income of less than 1001. from the Funds a contribution of "30 or 40 per cent, of th 3 annual dividend ;" but, inasmuch as an income of 551. from the Funds has a present marketable value of about 2,9701., which may be realised any day, while the clerk or artisan's income of 100/., supposing it to be worth fully five times that amount, only represents at the utmost a capital of they think it a crying injustice that one should be liable to the tax and the other wholly escape it. But the most invidious of the many misrepresentations of the Times is, perhaps, that which, for the purpose of exciting prejudice, seeks to identify us with the town dues' question. Our reply is simply that, inasmuch as we are neither the mak-rs, supporters, nor advocates of taxes on trade, and have nothing whatever to do with them beyond paying them, the sneers of the Times fall wholly beside the mark in Vila matter as they do in others. _ _ We now proceed with the general question, and in the first instance we beg to call your most serious attention to the mode in which indirect taxation operates. From the official " Finance Accounts" for the year ending March 31, 1856, page 8, we find that the nett revenue from taxes was 69,808,996/. 2s. 2d., and that of this Burn Customs and Excise duties yielded 40,345,180?. 3s. 3d., or very con siderably more than half. Of tkis amount no loss than 36,607,794/. 10s. Gil t d. appears to have been levied on 15 articles only—viz., butter, cheese, coffee, corn, currants, figs, malt, pepper, raisins, rice, spirits, sugar, tea, tobacco, and wine (see Finance Accounts, pages 21, 22, 23, and 25). Enormous as this sum may seem, it is not half, or anything like half, what these duties actually cost the country in en hanced prices to cover expenses and profits of importers and dealers, and charges for collection in the shape Of actual payments, and in restricted or utterly prevented trade, in the way of loss, to say nothing of an enormous military and naval expenditure, now, it may, more or less necessary for the defence of our coasts against neighbours whom the Cus tomhouse makes strangers, and whose alliance with us, now at the mercy of the first diplomatic squabble about some matter of equal importance with a Spanish marriage, or a Syrian invasion, would soon bo made enduring by open ports and free trade. Now, wo ask you to consider seriously whe ther anything can be more preposterous than a system which imposes upon the country a burden of 2s. at the very least for the purpose of realising ls. ? Here you see what trade and industry contributed. What was the quota from land ? You know that all the land of this country not retained by the Crown was parcelled out at the Conquest, on condition of military service, and that this condition was afterwards commuted for a tax of 4s. in the pound, " at a rack rend, and according to the true yearly value thereof." We find from Sir J. Sinclair's " rlistory of the Revenue" that, during the reign of William 111., from 1638 to 1702, the whole sum raised by tlxes was 72,047,359/. to which the land tax contributed 19,174,059/., or consider ably more than a fourth part. Now, last year the nett amount of the land tax Ivas just 1,157,525?. Os. 11d. (" Fi nance Accounts," p. 28,) being less than a 62d part of the nett revenue from taxes only. It is not worth while to con sider by what sort of legislative juggling this transfer of the burden, from land to trade and industry, has been effected, and whether the injustice cannot be redressed Is it rational to seek the repeal of a tax which does reach land, though inadequately, and leave it liable only to the frac tion of a f ,rthing in the pound, to which the "45." have dwindled, thus inevitably making the burden, so ingeniously shifted to your shoulders, still heavier than it is ? We think that nothing can be more irrational ; but we are sure that such is the tendency of the present agitation for the immediate reduction and early abolition of the present tax. We have stated our reasons for believing that the gross reduce of Customs and Excise duties is not half of what they actually cost the country. It would bo well if this doubling of the burden were all the evil occasioned by indirect taxa tion, but it constitutes only a small portion of that evil. We crave your attention to other consequences which flow una voidably from it. It is demonstrable that the effect of such duties as those on butter, cheese, and corn, is to raisethe price of all the butter, cheese, and corn consumed in this country, whether of home or foreign growth, by at least the amount of those duties, and thus the consumer, even though he never uses an atom of the foreign articles, to which the tax is ostensibly limited, does, in reality, pay that tax, not to the State, but for the benefit of the home producers. They arc, in fact, protective duties imposed upon the whole community for‘the advantage of one particular class, and that not the working agriculturists, whose interests are most strictly ideritified with the prospe rity of commerce and industry, but of the owners of land, who are our legislators. the duties on commodities not produced in this country, whether levied by weight or measure, aro equally objection able in another way. Being precisely the same in amount, whatever tbo price and quality of the article, they, of course, press most heavily on the description of goods in general use —that is to say, on those used by the poor— and most lightly on those which are only accessible to the rich. Thus, whether the actual value of tea be 10d. or Cs per lb. ; that of spirits ls. or 10a. per gallon; that of tobacco, fid. or ss. per lb ; or that of wine 6d. or 10s. per bottle, the duties, in all cases, are the same, the poor paying several times over mere per cent, than the rich. The effects are to limit consumption, to restrict trade, and often to pre vent it alt oge th er. For example : a paltry revenue of 26,231/... appears to hav e b een extracted last year from f i gs. N ow, there is a description of figs suitable for general consumption, and produced in large quantities, which, we are assured by an experienced importer, might be introduced and sold at 4d. por pound but for the duty, which altogether excludes them from the market. We are further informed that a trade in this article, amounting to a large sum annually, might speedily be developed but for this obstacle. You see, there fore, that a lucrative branch of trade, a new opening to our manifaetnr,s, increaser employment to the industrial trisdudion of a. cheap and fruit, arc all prevented by, an impolitic tax, wail' pro duces comparatively nothing to the State. And this is but a sample, derived from one article only, of the effects of that short-sighted and most injurious system which so sii.eg, at many of you seem disposed at present to extend and aggra. rate. Another objection to indirect taxation is that, under it, the working man, who has nothing but his labour to depend upon, consumes, individually, of articles not produced in this country, such as coffee, sugar, and to; as much as the rich man who is in the enjoyment of thousands of patrimonial ,ores, and, if he be in good health and constant employment, probably more. Thus be pays through his atom: ch at least as much as the rich man, and he also pays, indirectly, the protective duties on butter, cheese, and corn, which enhance the prices of the rich man's produce at home, even though he never use an ounce of the things on whioh the duties .are actually paid. Moreover, under this system, contribution to national necessities becomes, in defiance of every sound Prin ciple, a matter of choice or accident—the rich unmarried miser need pay nothing ; the poor man, with a large family, must ply heavily. It ie, in fact, almost impossible to exaggerate the injustice inherent in and the evils inevitably resulting from our present system of indirect taxation. The latter may be thus epito mised,—improvidenee, fraud, political corruption, perjury, adulteration, restriction of trade and industry, contempt of revenue legislation, which soon leads to contempt of all other laws, smuggling, bloo :shed, murder, and, in short, almost every kind of villanY. On the other hand, it is equally im possible to exaggerate the benefits which would flow from the abolition of that system. We believe that, with perfectly un trammelled commerce, this country would soon become the European depo". for the producepf &he -whole world, thus attaining a degree of greatness And prosperity such as has never yet been seen on earth ; and that, with all mankind for our customers and friends, and our example spreading daily throughout the nations, the bare idea of war would soon be scouted by the common sense and common interests of the whole family of man. Talk of diplomacy, of treaties of peace, and alliance 1 the best of all diplomatists, the merit perma nent of pacifioators, will be perfect freedom of trade. We aro quite prepared ,to hear these anticipations de nounced as Utopian by many who will not give themselves the trouble to reflect, and by others who find it easier, per haps more profitable, to sneer at reforms suggested by others than to set seriously about the removal of abuses the existence of which they cannot deny, even though those abuses are p'reying on the very vitals of the country, crippling its re sources, and driving every year thousands of its best, bravest, and most enterprising sons to seek in foreign climes a liveli hood which, under better government, they might obtain at home much more advantageously both to themselves and the nation. Wo have, nevertheless, an abiding faith in the sound• ness of those anticipations. Therefore, uninfluenced by the dread of unreflecting censure, interested opposition, or hollow and heartless ridicule, we proceed to indicate the means by which, according to our conviction, this great work of na tional regeneration may be effected. The remedy wa propose is the abolition of all indirect taxes, and the substitution of a just and equitable system of direct taxation, of which, a real property and income tax shall be the main feature. The present tax which, on so many grounds, has so justly e xcited your indignati on i s no t such a tax at all. As the act originally proposing it properly alleges, it is a tax "on profits arising from property, professions, trades, and offices;" but, unfortunately the profits, whether their tources be transitory or permanent, whether north 3, 10, or 30 years' purchase, whether held in perpetuity, or entirely dependent on the health and life of the person re ceiving them, all aro treated as if they were exactly equal value, all are subjected to one truly Procrustean process by the tax collector. What we suggest as a substitute for this, and for all indirect taxes, is that all property, whether pro ductive or unproductive, and all incomes and earnings above pauperism, shall be capitalised according to their mar k etable or their calculated value, and that the ordinary inte rest of that capitalised value shall bo the sane on which the tax, whether that be 5 or 10 per cent., or whatever it may be, shall be levied. Under this system perfect justice would be done to al classes, an t whatever statesmen and politicians, anxious to avoid trouble or interested in the preservation of abases, may say to the contrary, there is no real difficulty in the way of carrying out the necessary arrangements. There are in com mon and daily use tables in which the value of property held in fee, on lease for years, or for lives, of terminable and per petual annuities, and of the expectation of life at different ages, is calculated to a fraction. In point of fact, the obsta cles which our rulers and legislators choose to represent as insuperable are daily encountered and overcome by every in surance-office in the kingdom. Justice being thus made the basis of all taxation and wise economy, accompanied by lamest anal intelligible accounts, the rule of Government, vre shonl.l expect soon to abo such an improvement in the tone of public morality that to cheat the State, now too gencra!ly regarded as the merest roc . - dillo in the world, will be looked upo.l pretty much in the same light as the picking of pockets or robbing v-. 1 the high way. Thus the patriot, the moralist, the philanthropist, the lover of peaCe, the friend of progress, and the taxpayer him self, have all the strongest motives and most direct interest in bringing about that entire revision of our fiscal system which we recommend. There is one other point to which we must allude the way in which this change would 'affact the industrial classes, To the working man in the receipt of, say 235. per week, it may sewn at first sight that it would be a great hardship ro have 2s. stopped weekly from his wages, if a tax so high as 10 per cent. were found requisite ; which we by no means anticipate.. But, supposing that it were so, when he comes to consider that he will have all his necessaries and luxuries untaxed; that in all probability the consequences of the immense impetus thus given to commerce and manu factures will be constant instead of precarious employment, and the raising of his wages from 20s. to 255. a week ; and, lastly, that when receiving no wages, from sickness or other cause, ho would pay no taxes, as he now must do, whether sick or. moll, working or idle, lie will see that nobody has a greater interest than himself in the substitution of direct for itidirect taxation. In order still'farther to reconcile the working classes to the proposed change, which may seem hard to the unreflecting portion of them until its advantages are proved by their own experience, we would Also suggest that every man peying this tax should have a vote for members of Parliament, thus realising for the first time the constitutional theofy of the coincidence of represwitation with taxation. Wo have now, fellow-countrymen, indicated the principl o on which a just system of direct taxation may be founded. It is, as we have previously observed, for our rulers and representatives to work out that principle for you to insist that this shall be done. The present tax "on profits" is one mass of anomalous injustice,' so well calculated to disgust you with direct taxatien that it might have been contrived for that especial purpose : but it differs most widely from what direct taxation ought to be and might be made. Still the existing impost as it stands, with all its faults, its iniquities if you will, is infinitely preferable to the continuance and aggravation of restrictions upon com merce and industry, which will be the inevitable result of its abolition. We therefore counsel you, as you value your own true in terests and those of the nation, not to direct your efforts to any mere tinkering of the property and income tax, so callei —still less to its absolute repeal—but to insist, with one heart and one voice, on the adoption of tho two fundamental princi ples of the Liverpool Financial Reform Association, which are these : "1. To use all lawful and constitutional means of inducing the most rigid economy in the expenditure of the Govern. ment, consistent with due efilciencyin the several departments of the public service. " 2. To advocate the adoption of a simple and equitable system of direct taxation, fairly levied upon property and in come, in lieu of the present unequal, complicated, and expen sively collected duties upon commodities." atnhassinee we tha see p a certain pr os p ec t o f such a pitch period steadily m a i n t a i ne d th em, an d On these principles the association was founded in April, 18 in national triumphit al greatness and prosperity as cannot otherwise be attained. • . -- lßefore concluding this appeal to your patriotism and com mon sense, we think it right to correct two inaccuracies in our first address, though they affect the illustrations only, not the argument. The provisions of the sth and 6th Victoria, cap. 35, for ascertaining the full annual value of laud, seem to meet the case supposed—that of low rents and periodical fines; and the 16th and 17th Victoria, cap. 34, did reduce the agricultural boundary from 300/. t• 2001., so that the farmer paying the latter rent is liable to the income tax on half of it. _ _ By order of the Council. ROBERTSON GLADSTONE, President. Fi nanc ial Reform Association, 0, York-b u ildi ngs , D a l e -street, Liverpool, Jan., 1857. OPENING OF THE NEW _HALL OP THE MECHANICS' INS TITUTION, HALIFAX. The new building of the Halifax Mechanics' Ineti' utn was formally opened on Wednesday evening by a publie soiree and meeting. The greatest enthutiaem xeae manifested f:e. some days previous to the operaeg to obtain tickets of admission. Within a day er two of their issue all were bought up, and hundreds experience:i disappointment when they found theweolves shut eut from taking pact in the event. Upwards of 600 - persons took tea together in the rooms of the building The building presents its principal front to one of the new streets now being made through the centre of Hali• fax by Messrs. John Crossley and Sons, 'arid will torn one of a group of public builainge (including the new Swan Hotel, the Halifax Joint St'ck Bank, the pre pesed •. Exchange, 'and numerous handsome shops) now being concentrated in that locality. .As the institute will thus be surrounded in a sbert time by other buildings, the front alone has been made the object of architectural display. The new ball covers an area of 670 square yards. The large room is calculated to teat 700 persons, exclu.ive of the orchestra, 'and is 400 square yards in: extent. Beneath the orchestra are retiring and refresh-• tnent rooms,"&c. The news-room is in front of the build ing, and its area is 105 square feet. The drawing class room is immediately over it, and of the same sze, and lighted from the roof. The library-room, which includei, a reading-room, is 75 square feet in extent—ample for the necessities of many succeeding years. The small lec ture-room opposite, is the same size. The class rooms are of varying sizes, are 12 in . number, and will accom modate upwards of 300 pupils at the same time, and will be used by Irth males aiirl females, but on separate fl iors. In addition to all these tht-re is a room to the front, in a line with the- intended new street, hitherto called the telegraph-room, and which it is intended to let off on rent. The plans and drawings from which the building 11,70 been erected were by Messrs. Lockwood and Maw•inti, architect, , , Bradford. The works were let on the 11th April, 1855, as follows':—Masons' work, 2,0451.; joiners' work, 1,4301. ; plumbers' work, 3411. s+. ; plasterers' and k work, 4941. 10s. ; ironmongers' work; 241. 17s. ; painters' work, 541. 17, , . 61. ; Orna mental masonry work, 1251.—together, 4,5651. 9.r. Bd. The price of the land, 2,0001. Extras—warming, veuti latior, draining, lighting, &ct., 826/. 16s. 7d. Total, 7,4921. 6s, 31. ; which, together with architects' fees and furnishing, &c., may be placed a gross total of 8,0001. To meet this large expenditure subscriptions have been promised or paid to the amount of about 3,6001., leaving a debt of 4,4001. At the soir6a which followed the tea meeting about 1,000 persons were present. John Crossley, E , q., the president of the institute, took the chair, and the following, amongst other-, we eh served present :—Lord Wharncliffe, the Hon. E. Las cellos, MX., F. Crossley, Esq., M.P., M. Mclnev, E-q., M.P., Dr. Sandwith, C. 8., Henry Edwards, E B. Wheatley, Esq. (Miraeld), and Edward Akroyd, Esq. The report which was read stated that the number of members and subscribers, male and female, at present . on the books, is—Adult members, contributing 103.-10 d. per annum and upwards, 593; subscribers, that is, per- . sons under 18 years of age, and receiving instructions in the evening classes , mostly, 186 ; total, 779. The news and reading-room attract the attendance of a I:=rge num: ber of members. The library. has 3,917 volumes. There are evening cla s ses for young people and adult-, and there is a penny savings -bank, established at the be ginning of last year, of which the following are the remarkable and instructivo statisqCs :—Gross sum 'deposited from Feb. 23, 1366, 1,7461. 10h. 10 ?. ; gross sum withdrawn in the sauce period, 468/. 9s. 5.' 4 d. ; n. t amount to credit of depositors, Dec. 31, 1,278/, T. , . ; total number of deposits made since Feb. 23, 1850, 17,669 ; average amount of each deposit, 11. 51d. ; twal number of pass-hooks issued from commencement, 2,021. On last Saturday evening the lar,-;est sum ever received on one bank night, viz., 1071. 7s. 2d., was taken, and 63 new depositors wt re accepted., Lstters Irons Lord Stanley, Lird Godericb, M”. War ren, Q.C. S:r Jos. Paxton, and Sir E. Buiwer Lytton, were read, excusing their non-attendance ; also the fol lowing letter from Sir R. Peet : "Drayton Manor, Jam. 2. "Sir,—l am in receipt of your letter of yesterday', , date, and owing to previous engagements much regret that it will not be in my power to avail myself of the invitation which you have, forwarded from the &rector., of the Lialifax Mechanics' institute. " I a'n, Sir, yours respee.tfully, " ROBERT PEEL. " The Preßident, 'Mechanics' Institution, liadifax," The CHAIRMAN; after addressing the visitors present, %nd ei4ying *saw-4=N of aLcuuragenieut tp the yr)* I..ects of the institution, invited Ur. M. 2J.P. rta. Pontefract, to addres3 them. . . . . Mr. MONCKTON l'kluNzs said : I think that thi4 is the very first time I have had to address an audience Bice this without a r,,solation. I asked the oh...irenau what resolution I had to propose, and he said, "brooo at all." (Laughter.) o.te t illiculty of not hav , rig a resolution is, that one is drivel, so much into generalities, and therefore the best thing to do is, to treat upon national and general e lucation—but that is not a very general subject ; it may, also, be too. particular—not that I think that under general circumstances there is nut any other matter a hiela affects the great social interests of this cominuni'y, and which does not touch upon pary politics. Keep it in the minds tf every one of you, although it may be in the discretion of the Government not to press this subject at the present moment, that the question of education is one which affects every man in this country of ours, that those. who walk a'ong, our streets see that there are children growing up in those streets who know not the very foundation of education, and that there are villages and towns at the mouth of a coal-pit or at the terminus of a railway growing up in the great conglomeration of mankind, and that it is a ques tion with us whether they shall grow up heathens or Christian men. There are certain subjects connected with this question which I think it not unadvisable that I should allude to : there is one subject which demands 'particular attention at this moment, and that is the present condition of what is called our criminal popu lation. I will not, however, touch upon that question in any political sense, because I think we shall have quite enough of it in the approaching session of Par. liament, and before many months are over you will be so " bored " with the subject that you will think it a greater evil than having your own houses broken into. (Laughter and applause.) I touch upon this question as having two matters comprised, within it which it is necessary to * keep distinct—viz,, first, the general.state and circumstances of a large number of pet). pie in this country thrown up >n the population; and second, e treatment of ourcriminals. You kno not how difficult it will be for any government to meet this matter, and I feel that we shall take their measures into con sideration. Circumstances over which we have no con- trdl have done away with that Eyitem of tran-portation by which a large portion of our criminal population was absorbed into society at the other end of the world, and, for their own good, got on very well, and, fur our good, we were relieved of their presence. Ciicutustances have done away with that state of thinv, but I aui sorry to say that no provision, has been made by tho adiniuis tration of this country la. that end. The meeting was afterwards addressed by Lard Wintroc:iffe, Dr. Sandwith, Mr. Frank Oreisloy, Mr. E. Baines, and othe'es. CENTRAL AMERICA N STEAM' LINE. (From the Panama Star, of Dec. 24 ) The Panama Railroad Company's steamship Columbus will, we understand, sail hence positively on 17 iust. for Central America, and may be looked for here again about the end of the present month. This is the first regular trip of the Columbus on this route, and it is ex pected that she will make regular monthly trips in future to Guatemla, touching at Salvador, Costa Rica, and the province of Chiriqui. She will leave here on her second trip early in January. The Columbus takes up several of our Panama traders, who go to various parts of the coast in order to gain a knowledge of the different mar kets, and to ascertain the class of goods suitable for that trade, and also with.a view of purchasing such products of the coast as may be found advantageous fur shipment via the Isthmus to the United States. We know of no enterprise which could be more of . real benefit to Cent ra l America than the opening of this ;it is one which we have advocated for year=, and for which a greater necessity exists at present than at any previous period. Merchants in Costa R ca, Salvador, and Guatemla, who have hitherto been compelled to wait for mouths for an opportunity to ship their cargo to Europe or the States v i a Cape Horn, will now have an opportunity of d o in, so monthly, at a less expense, and at a sav i ng o f sey , r ;l months. In fact, they can now ship th e i r pro d uce h ome and receive their merchandise in return, in much less time than it formerly took to procure and load a ve4sel with homeward cargo. STATE OF TRADE. NOTTINGHAM, JAN. 15. The lace trade, although by no means active at pre sent, is rather more buoyant, more partleularlyas respects the foreign demand, which is just now commencing. The home trade in dull. For plain goods there is a fair in quiry. The prospects of a good spring trade are cheer ing. In hosiery there is a fair amount of business doing ; we have buyers in the market, both foreign and home, and operations to souse extent are being carsied on. In most branches of the hosiery trade there is considerable activity for the pzriod of the year, and hosiers are anti cipating a busy season. Silk and yarns are exceedingly high. LEICESTER, JAN. 15. The hosiery trade is in a healthy condition. We ex. Piet a!ie to rep rt a fartithr ln.prcverntnt, !2 , 101 -4 ,1v we Kett' anticipwo operations. Stock in hand ar: N , ry that with a hit' quantity i.f 01 - 1 1, N nur market will be very active. Wools are Belling at an enormous price, and worsted yarns are exceedingly dear. The operatives, on the whole, are tolerably employed. .Nav4l anti inteiligeuce. i The following officers : attached to the Prov:sional De pot Battalion at Parsonstown are ordered to proceed to Nova Scotia, to join the t.ervice companies of their re giments—viz., 62d• Depots—Lieutenants Chippendall, Holder, Walsh, Staines, and Harrisson. '63(1 Depot— Capt. Fitzroy, Lieutenants Hand, Pye, Grant, Tuyston, and Moorshead. 76th Depot—Lieut. Preston. These officers will sail in the Araiota fr,on Liverpool to-m0r .1%) Capt. .Bouverie, of the 63d. has also received an ord:T of readiness to proceed to Nova Scotia. H. k. steam frigate Amphinn, 34, Capt. Chads, arrived at Spithead yesterday nu:Tiring from the 17:4 , 5t India Sta tion, 35 chips from Port Royal. She brotutht no news, and only ::ne invalid. The orders f:pr her Majesty'a steam frigate Imperieuae, 51, Capt. WAsort, C. 8., to proceed to-Er:Wand, w.ra despatched from Port Royal to Grey town the day before the Ampition's sailing. The Am phion passed Sf-. Alban's Head during the sight of Wednesday, some distance off, and, cons:foot .ntly, saw notbingot the Royal Mail Steam Navigation Company's ship Tyne on shore there. Tire Amphiou proceeded to Sheerness at 2 p.m. to be paid off. The Simoom, 18, iron troop . steamship, Commander Cooke; bent sails at Portsmouth on Wednegday. She i • being fitted, in pursuance of Admiralty order, with . a 30-feet cutt.r, and the sterai jollyboat with Gifford's low*T4ig apparatu Limier the personal direction of the patentac, in ord,:r that tke workmen mry prt pare in lthe ruann r the whole of the boats of the Megaeraan:i Urgent troopships and other vessels, whose officers,- since the report of Grinntander Pullen, of H.M.S. Dee, off the Nore, have made application for - Her Majesty', steanivevel Trident, 6, Cotnrna'rd-r Ctose, left Spit head yesterday at noon for the West toast of Africa station. Toe gegsera, 6, iron steam troopship, Con]. Purvis, talon out of the st , atu basin and harbour at Ports• mouth yesterday to' proVe her machinery befure being reported ready for embarkation. The Urgent, 6, Ream troopship, Commander Phillips, was talon into the steam basin dock yesterday, at Ports mouth, f u- refit. _ _ Herilsjesty's steam frigate Retribution arc' Pigmy tug were eel-patched from Portsmouth in the night of Wednesday to St. Alban's Head to render assistance to the stranded mail-hip Tyne. The Pig►my took down pumps, hawsers, and other gear that might be useful. The steam troopship Transit was uudocked yesterday at Portsmouth after repairs. The Sharpshooter, 8, steam sloop, was placed under the shears at Portsmouth yesterday to be masted for re coinnrission. A discharge of troops took place from Chatham yes terday. 180 men belonging to various regiment, received their db.chArge. Her Majesty's steam troop ship Dee, MastFr Com mander Pollen, from Portsmouth, was yestsrilay received under the shears in the outer basin at Woolwich from the river; to he reladen with 'pa abinery. . • - The•gueboats Hunter, bandy, Garnet, and ,Fenella, of 40-horse power respectively, were hauled out of the fitting basin at Woolwich yesterday, and placed along. side the wharf, to be masted. The following appointments were made yesterday at the Admiralty : Clerks--F. M. S Dufour, to the Retribution ; Rus sell Hill, to the Waterloo. Mr. Augustus Mayford, William F. Law, George P. Heather, and W. H. Obre,e, have been promoted to the rank of Master. STRANDED MAIL STEAMER TYNE. SOU PITLIMPTON, TIIURSDIT AFrERIJODN. - , A sloop has just arrived h.-re .vithsa portion of the cochineal and the bedding of the Tyne. Two more sleeps are expected here with cargo and stores. One of them bas a cage in which are enclosed two lire American lion esses, which have been sewed from the wreck. The name et . the spot where the Tyne is lying is Kiairidge Lodge, scarcely a mile from St. Aihae's Point. Her bow is [relating due south, and has been seen cornpl , aely out of the water. Had the Tyue been steered a mile further to the east she ve•uld have weathered the point - , and escaped. On pessieg Paraland she R131;111(1 have been steered east, • or east by north, but she must have been steered north eaet by moth, and must have gone wrobg by four pints. It is singulAr that, notwith,tawling the denienees of the log where the Tyne went ashore, a few miles off it was quite clear, f r on'the night of the wreck and about the same time St. Catherine's Light, in the Isle of Wight, was st en tdrteen wiles down the channel in the direction of S. Alban's Head, and not jar from it Whether the Type was 'leered badly, or the . corn , passes were wrong, or the swift current of St. Al ban's Race, as tt is cari,l,'AreW lie"L"dut'of h_,eaconrets, no one sae Fay. It iele been e7i.iii7re"ii:T why the leed was not use f. Bu', pitchy , lark as it was, ti e mwtain o add not but imagine, frara the time he • acv the P.:,,rt• lend Light, ami believieg that his vessel was steered pre. party, that he was in mid-channel, where roundie4 would / he ri , licelous, But, even if the lead had here used just before the chip ran aeround, it is very probable that 12 or 14 f a horn would have been found at oefaininute, and the next minute she might have been 'ashore, such is th:? abrupt and treacherous nature of the bottom there There was no sea pilot on board the Tyne, for it is a most difficult thing to pick up one in dark and ferry nights. Had a sea pilot been on boar:!, it is roost pro bable the accident would not have happened. Tee very last voyage of the Tyne, Capt. Yeller went considerably out of his way to take in a Channel pilot not far from where his ship was wrecked. Capt. Yeller is not what is called a kid-glove commander. He is a good naviga tor and a hard-working man, sparing no labour or skill to bring his ship through a voyage safely. But the ex . - gencies of commerce and the mail service and the powers of steam compel men to drive on in storms and darkness. Thi4 ia the cause in a great measure of those multiplied disasters at sea that we now hear of every winter. The royal mail company never employ a man after be has lost a ship. This, perhaps, is not unnatural ; hut there cannot bo a doubt that there is a growing distaste to un dertake the higher respensibilities of seamen. Common menders of large steamers get splendid salaries, but the wear and tear of the mind and body; are fearful ; and, after all, success is oftentimes a lottery. Rarely do we fihd a commander of a large steampacket who does not pine for a shore berth after he passes 40 years of age and it does not much, matter that this is so, for the ro mance of the sea to youth is everlasting ; and' those who have learnt the trade - of a sailer are too old to learn any thing else. The sloop that arrived here this afternoon from the Tyne left her at 7 o'clock this morning. Evtry thing looked faVoura'ile for getting off the ship, but the wind has since Hain from the south-west, and will, it is feared be fatal to the safety of the steamer. It ie believed that a trial to get her off will not be made for a week, when the spring tides will be on. ner stern is damaged, and she is half full of water. A bulkhead is to be formed near the stern, and men will pump her out while an attempt is made to fleet her. The wreck can be seen from the steamers which go up and down the Channel as they pass St. Alban's Head. LOCAL SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, JAN. 15. &OM BIORANGE.—The market has been doing a very steady business to-day, and prices at a slight improvement on yesterday's quotations. North Eastern and Berwick, 216 I—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, 34k — South Eastern, 22I—Eastern Counties, 94—Midland, 82i —Ditto, new 4i per cent. stock, 98—Caledonians, 31— Bl ac kburns, 8I —London and North Western, 1064—East Lancashire, 2 3 } Lancashire and York s hi re , 961 i—Dutch Rhenish, park dis. — Great Westerns, 67k 61 — Gra nd Trunk of Canada, 12 . 11.3. I. — North Western, 8 !. i MANCHESTER, JAN. 15. STOOR EXOBANGIL There was a steady market to day at the opening, with a rather weak business done at the close. Sheflields, 34i—Dovers, 22A—Midlands, 824 —Great Western, 66i—Leeds, 96 it—Bast Lancashire, 2:3 ti—ltianchester Fire Assurance, 7 p.—District Bank, 13 p.—Electric TelegrArh, 25 JA:. fiTOCK E,XOI3ANG;47 - Yilo market ~ vao a Ehade firmer to day, and prices generally about the same as 3 esterday. Buying orders were prevalent, with but little stock offer ing. Birmingham New Union Mill, 3.3.9.—General Steam IsraTigation, 26. ~ e~~. N.EWSPAPER ~--.., . .7 / „,,,,,„ • i „,,,,,,,., ~,,,,...„.. ,„_. DESTRUCTION OF OLD RGO 44 1. . vti - 1 ' . 4 .:. - 0 ,......1* 4v:47 t-At*,l ' • - •"- -: , --k, ROCHES p . tg - . , tr \ rii ,,_ r The experiments which are being per okled ifithisQ city by the corps of Royal Sappers and MMris fV'the'''' destructionwas blown tr wsn t uoc o .t f up o ri l e . e e l eRs than h Rochester-bridge et successive -bridge were continued thi s afternoon,. on whi c h occas i on a s till l arger port i on o f the ce d s e s s iv tr e oy b D ia d st o s on Tuesday ngeusndpaiy, gunpowder in the presence of General Sir Charles W. Pasley, K.C.8., General Sir Harry D. Jones, K.C.8., General T.' Blatt- shard, C. 8., General P. Yule, Royal Engineers, and a lar s g i e ne n e u mTubeesrdeafyoatE c careful . inspection of the large pier by the troops o f the 'loyal rs'loansbbeen that dr:Y 2"by Colonel H. S eT i a b t am oll ' i c s l t i - - hilEeancnitg Buoye d o: Enginee rs a of e t he R oya l number 0 Engi n ee rs' fot her Engineer office ascertlined the results of the etp er i ment to be very satisfactory, and the object for which they were re, who Lave under taken fully realised, the 'large mass of masonry compos ing the pier, which was 45 feet long, 21 feet in depth, and 18 feet in width, having been shivered in pieces, and the Inge block: of stone loosened from their position, . and rendered wpable of being easily removed. The pier. was built on piles, millet] were driven int) the bed of this river, and so far as the state of the tide has permitted an exemtnation to be made it is evident that the force of the, gunpowder has bad as great an effect in loosen ing the foundations as it has had .upon the superstruc ture. The quantity of eunpowder uarel on Tuesday after noon was 3001 b. weight, divided into six charges, and some surprise . was expressed by the scientific persons present that such a cumparatively small' quantityonly should have b e en us e d i n th e d es truction' of such a iarge portion of the structure ; but the objeet'of the en giueers was not so much the blowing up and scatter ing the materials of which the tier was compared as it was to shake the fabric to its foundation, and loosen the pier so that the materials might be readily detached without filling up she bed of the river—a m aul.; which -vas meet successfully an romplished. The portibn of the b r id ge d estro y e d b y t h e troops this afternoon was very large; and consisted of the pier and abutment on which the large arch on the Strood side rested, and was calculated to contain several thousand tons of masonry.. The weight of powder used in the explosions wins nearly 1,0001 h., and was divided into the same number of charges as in the previous expetimenten Since Nov. last the Sappers and Miners have been en gaged in sinking two shafts in this portion of the bridge, which were excavated to the respective depths of 24 and 21 feet ; one shaft having been sunk in the pier. and the other in the abutment, tole portion of the undertaking being conducted from • the commencement by Capt. H. Scbaiv, RE. At the bate of each shaft sprang two gal leries, each 9 feet in 1, ngtb, and in these were deposited the Charges of pi'lwder used in the destruction of the works. The powder was contained in tin waterproef cases, which were enclosed iu wooden boxes, 500 lb. weight being re quired for blowing up the pier and arch, and 3001 b weight in destroying the abutment. The keystones of the arch were removed by means of smaller blasts. Theßoyal Eu gineertroops were engaged last night and this morning, under the command of Captain Schaw, in making the requisite preparations for the explosions, and at an early hour this morning the four charges of gunpowder were deposited in the galleries, when the operation of " tamp ing" was proce e ded with, and the whide of the ap• proaches to the galleries carefully stopped un. The voltaic battery was worked as before by Captain E. C. Cumberland, Royal Engineers. In order to prevent accidents Colonel Saedham issued the following notice : "On Thursday, the 15th 'Met., after the blasts in the key-stones of the arch shall have been fired, the two charges in the pier, each of 2501 b., will be exploded, and then, after a shert interval of time, the two in the abut: moms, each cf 150 lb. C.spt. H. Schasy, Royal Engineers, who has conducted the whole of the mining operations, and Captain O. E. Cumberland,. who has made the ar rangements for firing by the voltaic battery, will fire each set of mines at the sound of the bugle ' to fire,' after the sound of ` the preparative' has been given as a warning. The wires will be led from the charges to the voltaic battery, which will be placed in the office of Mr. Wright, the engineer of the bridge. As soon as the arrange:Dents had been completed Col. Sandhain ordered the bugle to be sounded, as a warning to those present to remove friar the places of clanger, and immediately afterwards the bugler sounded "to fire." The charges in the arch were first, exploded, f o llowed by those in the pier. Tice etlect w.,s very striking, tee gromid 4or some distance reverberating as if front the effects of an earthquake, while .the pier crumbled in lances and disappeared The charges in the galleries on the pier atm , intuit were afterwards fired, and that por tion of the bridge destroyed. Too large arch of the bridge was blown into the river, and the abutment on the Strood side entirely removed, the sight of the massive st:neworlt of the arcii being blown high into the air being very grand. Nearly' one-naif of the bridge has now been destroyed, and the remaining portion will be demoiished as speedily as peseiblet The abide uedereaking was censidered perfectly sails factor3 by Colonel Sandbam and the general and other officers present, and reflereed inner 'Credit orneaptain s Schaw and Cumberland, under whose arrangements the explosions took place: Nctwithstaudieg a very heavy rain an immense num ber of persons were present to witness the operations, and the troops of the - Royal Engineers and the provi sintial le ; italien v,i.T6ClTftwii up on the_beulef the river and on he new ir , )n bridge. The whole of the operations of this day *and Taaiday passed off without the slightest accident. MR. COBDEN, -11. P., AND TRE ROUES OF LABOUR. Mr. Canden, M.P., has received an invitation to be present at the iort&coming soirds of the Bradford Early Closing Aeseciation. The hon. gentleman, in reply, after expressing his regret that, owing t other etigaeemente, it will not be iu Lli3 power fo pay Bradford a visit on the occasion of the approaching demonstration in favour of the early closes of business, wrote as follows ; " sympathies are all in favour of moderate hours of labour, because I am anxious to see those engaged in busi ness enjoying leisure sufficient to the due cultivation of the highs" and nobler purposes of existence. In all my public efforts, whether for cheapening the means of exist ence, or lightening the burden of taxation by a reduction of Government expenditure, I have always pursued a po licy which was calculated to place in the hands of the toil ing millions the power of lessening the hours of labour without a corresponding curtailment of the necessaries and comforts of lift. lam afraid, however, that the policy of our Government for the last three years—a policy which has not been without some share of popularity with the masses—has not been favourable to .the object you have in view. The greater amount expended by Government in war, or preparation for war, the heavier must be the toil of the people, for it is from their labour alone that our rulers can draw the means for supporting flsets and armies. I wish that cause and effect were mere logically kept in view in the discussion of these matters. If I had been present at your meeting I should not have abstained from uu allusion to some of those vainglorious theories of which we have heard so much of late, asserting it to be the duty of this country to set the whole world right whenever and wherever it may be `out of joint;' and I would have en deavoured to show the incompatibility of such a doctrine (if seriously carried out) with any other result than the brutish degradation of our population from overwork, and. the want of leisure for the education of themselves or their offspring. It is a subject, however, which I will not at tempt to discuss in a letter, Let me therefore wish you all possible 811:4988 in your movement." VoridGE OF THE LA PLATA. The La Plata, which arrived at Sovo.hampton yester day with the %Vert India mails, left England on the 2nd of last month, just as these fearful gales. commenced which caused such devastation among the shipping. She vas almost the only ship that was able to push safely across the Atlantic. The Herman?, b A o m ut er t ica, e and e other largo steamers, which left Eliglan ha e sth of the same were obliged to put back. O e named Geo. was at its height.7ttEngleed'the gale Decem ber, three days after A t t h r e em L e a n 2a u t s a A earful sea was sea l struck her, doing B c o r n i d s b e y ra a b n l e d damage. and Watts,arid the men w,uld be lost. Wb e offic overboard.t washed two man, a young er, named May, running at the time, and for h i e in t s h t i a s nt fe i a t r wa w s a f s ea e r r e e d se ih ie a g t the minds of all on board, 19 o f put a life-buoy on, and, with another in years his band, jumped a ed n irrentmoetnh:ie height he ma nage d to assist sea, and although it s waves we re rolling at in putting a life-buoy around Brimsby. While this was doing the starboard cutter was lowered, and the chief officer calling for volunteers to man her, four officer' the carpenter, boatswain, and three men, jumped io her, but they failed to save Watts, and had great d , culty in picking up Brimsby and May. The daring of May excited great enthusiasm on board, and tb sengers presented him, almost immediately, with r of 70 guineas, which they collected among therr and a gentleman on board wrote an account of cumstance to the Hon. Captain Denman, in or such a deed of heroism might be brought be. Queen. When the La Plata arrived at St. Th was blowing so hard that she could not enter hour. Moreover, the wind was accompanied w ful rain and hail. Oa the 12th instant the La perienced a hurricane. The ship, powerful was unable to pursue her course, and was obi' to for 12 hours. OPPOSITION TO THE INCOME TAX. On Wednesday evening a public meeting was held in the Town-hall, Sheffield, to petition Parliament for the re. duction of the income tax from the Ist of April next. The meeting was convened by Mr. J. W. Pyo Smith, the Mayor, in compliance with a requisition signed by a large number of the principal manufacturers, shopkeepers, &c., in the town, and was numerously attended. The Mayor presidod. Resolutions in condemnation of the tax, and a petition to Parliament founded upon them, were agreed to. The Mayor of Maidstone called a public) meeting on Wednesday, for the purpose of discussing, the subject of the income tax, when resolutions were unanimously Plumed for preparing a potition to Parliament, pray in g that the extra 9d. imposed upon the outbreak of the late war may be immediately taken off, and the remaining 7d.at as early a period as possible. A public meeting was killll in the Town-hall, Kendal, on Monday last, Mr. John Whitwell, mayor, presiding, when revolutions were passed against this tax. The sgitatinn agninsf , the incozne tsx,whi . ch haq now ex. tended. thiough every prt of the kzugdonz, found ep,sioa iu Tewkesbury yesterday,. when resolutions condemnatory of the tax . were passed, in one of the most unanimous meetings which we ever remember to hors witnessed. t +;. ~~