The Sun. — London, England, 1847-11-02 00:00:00

1 BY COMMAND 01 1 THE PO7;TMASTER-HENERAII. NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC. G ENERAL PO ST OFFICE, OcTenElt, 1847. Persons having occasion t o forward money by the Post are strong l y recommended to transmit it through the medium of the Money Order °til es ; and they are also advised NOT TO TRANSMIT COIN in Letters, under any circumstances. Money Orders may be obtained for any sum not exceeding 51., at the following charges: — Not exceeding £2 ... • .• .... 3d. Not exceeding £5 . • .. •• .. 6d. Those persons who des ire to remit money In Licles etters, by ue, Bank-- !Wes or Drafts, payable to bearer, or any art of val are CAuTtONED to REGISTER all such Letteri. COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS' SCHOOLS, FOR ORPHAN AND NECESSITOUS CHILDREN., WANSTEAD. NOTICE.—The next ELECTION of CHILDREN, applying for admission to this Institution, will take place at the London Tavern, on TUESDAY, the 25th day of December next. No applications on behalf of Candidates will be entertained by the Board, unless the Nomination and other Papers he received at the Offices, 11, Cheapside, on or before 3losneY, the 15th November next. , The first Public Dinner of th e Subscribers to the Institution and their Friends will be held on MONDAY, the 27th December next. The Stewards appointed are informed that Tickets will be issued 43 soon as possible, and they are requested to commence lists of visi tors forthwith. By order of the Board, CILkRLES NASH. Secretary. • • , • . th , . cal •a- .6 . . 4,, the c 0 dyin3)? (//1-‘‘"7 s .' = • • ,Ik Ni 0, T _ , t ~ , 4i 4 , '.' eptdetT?..iS 4. CO to th e 1 ...,...!• ' ''r ' , `:, '' 4.' • r tm4s, -4-: f#` 'l' , ') , 4, ~,, .•. • :...,.\\ • j ,-, '` 14 .4. ' '"• , ' >.• '- . 1,..._%,% t - ~ , ,,r, - ,Amo Is 6'N). 4 ' , '' I • . 6.64 , . ~.. „I. • .•• • N .. \--,,;_,_,,,,,..,,,„ ~.. - ~,... • „:„4.,,,m0k . _ . ~. , • :. .. 11 the d ase tt- I , i, - - ',;:-- --,, , .-. . '' ' ". . Pl'O''' 2. . 3-• 4 4, ' 7,..... ' 102 .11--7 . , ' N t 1;0- 1 V1. .-- - - .. a.itfRAT ,,, , .0 _ . . I's , measles, sr _ ~ ~ . f, 0, ..sa ..t - s ~,, .. :,' --- .„.,;.,:: ... ,-‘"- -.. ~,, 1. , ... ~ e• ,* we ' - - , ,,.5& ? .. :.... A..„, ~ 4.. • , ..* '. ' '' , _ ‘TY• \!7 , ,, _ '', • e the rer ~.. ' . e.. ' „ I ' ',6, - dit- q, x-,,---.2- - ' ol t2' ' tie,.ls ~,,„ ..-- . .P - ir zi, .- 4., - i - 77 1 ter erta; ~,____ .. .., / g,,--e I I 1 ) ..1, 0, 111 , :f 4:"-:.• 1, 17x4". !i) -c -,,,, =•.- --, - ed-" 2-" , fatal to s // - difrere sud . increased from two in London, the liability to raised still more. of the zymotic class—such as sman rlatina, typhus, influenza, and cholera 'kable property of becoming epidemic. ►tervals of time, in which they are or greater number of persons in and seasons, great multitudes are -. J . attacked and destroyed in a given locality; de disease in this intense form involves the neigh bouring population, spreads around the whole region, and sometimes travels over the tracks of human in tercourse through the world. Little is known of the immediate chemical or vital causes of epidemics; but in given circumstances, where many are immersed in an atmosphere of decaying organic matter, some nymotic disease is invariably produced ; where there is starvation, it is most frequently typhus ; cold, in fluenza ; heat, it is cholere, yellow fever, plague. At the mouths of the Ganges, of the Nile, of the Niger; in London, particularly up to the 17th century; in camps, in barracks, in ships, in prisons formerly ; in Ireland, in Liverpool, in all our towns now, the cir cumstances in which zymotic diseases become epi demic may be witnessed. [PP ICE SD. A city breathing an atmosphere perfectly pure may not be exempt from every epidemic; but observation has shown that such irruptions are infrequent, and fatal to few persons of strength or stamina. Internal sanitary arrangements, and not quarantine or sanitary lines, are the safeguards of nations. A salubrious city in an epidemic, like a city built of stone in a con flagration, is exposed to danger and injury, but not to the same extent as the present cities of Europe, which are left without any adequate regulations for the health and security of their inhabitants. The great historical epidemics have diminished in intensity ; and there appears to be no reason why they should not be ultimately suppressed, with the advances of the population among which they take their rise. Their origin is obscure, but influenza appears gene rally to become first epidemic in Russia, cholera in India.* It is in India that the source of the latter disease must be attacked. If the health of India be come sound, Europe might be safe, and hear no more of the epidemic which is now traversine , Russia. The attention of the Indian authoriti es h as for some time been directed to the subject. The Marquis of Wellesley, in 1821, effected improvements in Bengal. Mr. Martin, one of the commissioners appointed by the late Government to inquire into the health of towns, addressed Lord Metcalfe, the Governor-Gene ral, on the sanitary improvement of Calcutta in 1835; his comprehensive plans were promoted by that eminent statesman. Lord Auckland appointed a sanitary commission, of which Sir John Grant was the chairman, and thus procured a very able official report on the health of Calcutta, before the subject was touched at home. - t The other nations of Europe are beginning to take an interest in public sanitary improvements, and any plans found to succeed in England will no doubt be carried out as speedily as possible in all parts of her Majesty's dominions; for the vast population that owns her sway is intimately united. Asiatic cholera has taught us that the lives of thousands in England may • *ln Italy influenza is called the catarre russd in Germany, , t t See Lancet, Sept. 25 and Oct. 9, 1847. t The epidemic cholera, which reached England in .e e s rs e n . y, the russi.che krankheit. depend on the condition of the Pariahs of T 1831, broke out at Jessore, near Calcutta, in 1817, and destroyed 10,000 persons. MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. CITY, MONDAY EVENING. TlMES.—Another comparatively quiet day has been experienced, and . the English Funds have risen considerably. Consols for money, which closed at 81 on Saturday, opened this morning at 81+, to After some slight fluctuations they advanced to 82 ; and, although a few sales caused them to leave off at 811 to j, they still wore an appearance of firmness. For the account they opened at 81i to I, advanced to 82k, and closed at 82. In the Stock Exchange money from day to day was easy at from sto 6 per cent. Out of doors also there was perhaps some slight relaxation. At the Bank, however, there was much demand, and the rate for advances was raised to Bf, and in some cases 9 per cent. This being the day for the usual half-yearly balance at the Bank of England, the transfer offices were closed. The suspension of Messrs. Coates and Co., Ame rican merchants, of Bread• street, Cheapside, with branches in Nottingham, Manchester, and Liverpool, was announced this afternoon. For the last fifteen years the firm have been extensive Dyers of manu• factured goods for the American market, and disap pointment in the receipt of remittances is stated to be the cause of the stoppage. The liabilities of the house amount to about 100,000/. The bids drawn by the 16th of August American steamer matured to-day, and some anxiety was felt in consequence. They appear, however, to have been well met on the whole, the only default . of any im portance being the one above-mentioned. The letters from the country received this morning bring no accounts of failures in addition to those men tioned, with the exception of that of Cowans, Smith, and Co., commission agents of Glasgow, whose liabi lities are stated at 23,000/. At Manchester and Liverpool, however, the feeling is evidently very gloomy The Ocean steamer, arrived to-day from Rotter dam, has brought 15,000/. in gold. Advices from St. Petersburgh to the 22d of Oc tober repeat the previous accounts of extreme dullness in all the markets. The weather at that period seemed to indicate an early closing of the navigation. Exchange was quoted at rates so wide as to show the prevalence of great distrust regarding many of the bills offered, the rates varying from 371 d. to 38d. and to 38 5-16 d. The Amsterdam Bourse accounts received to-day are less satisfactory than those last mentioned, the prices of several securities having again given way in consequence of speculative sales. Rhenish Railway shares, after improving considerably, had also expe rienced a severe reaction. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PORTSMOUTH, Nov. I.—The Recruit, 12, Com mander Slade, will be paid off on Saturday. She was built of iron, about eighteen months since, by Ditch burn and Mare, of Black wall ; but, after being from that time until now in commission, and commanded by one of the most worthy and scientific officers in the Queen's service, she is found so utterly unworthy of the pennant, that the Admiralty have resolved on depriving her of that honourable indication of her character. She will, most likely, now be sold out of the navy. The Rhadamanthus steam-vessel, Master-Com manding Jonathan Aylen, arrived , last night, a fter dark, at Spithead, and came into h to coal. She is to emba rk the officers and men who have been employed in navigating thee harbour Blenheim, le e t o this port this even in g , and sail for Sheerness. The .Alaria Somes transport, Lieutenant Matthew Black agent , ca me into the harbour to - day , to be re fitted and prepare d for service. morning. It is expected she will be commissioned very shortly. Centaur steam wax • hauled frigate off havi ngfrom o the jetty this been completed in he r ri g ging, The mainmast of the R e t r ib u ti on s t eam -f r i gate was taken out to-day, it b e i ng i n t en d e d to g i ve t h a t vessel, like all the large s t eamers , th ree masts . The Dolphin, 3 (bri gan ti ne ), Li eu t enan t Com manding Hon. R. F. B o yl e , sa il e d thi s mo rning for the The h coast of Africa. Wind south ; light breezes and fine weather-5 P.M. WooLwicu, Nov. I.—Her Majesty's steam packet Garland, Captain Smithett, is ordered to be at Calais on Tuesday, the 2d of November, and to be in readiness to convey their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess Mary to Dover on Wednesday next. The royal party may be expected to arrive at Dover about nine o'clock in the morning. The Violet, Dover steam-packet, was taken down the river on Saturday, and into dock at Woolwich this morning, to have her bottom examined previous to her return to her duties on the Dover station. y n. The Myrmidon steam-vessel, T Com mander Roberts, arrived at Wool w i c h after noon, and is to be laid aside, afternd h about eight months' turnedtrial. vessel,Snyheeritsoatnheirporoncu-e the latter and her serev‘eN s'arl having etobe been paid off on Pin Saturday, and re commissioned for service in the Mediterranean. One of the Admiraly barges was b roug ht d aw n the river o n Friday t The Str om b o li arrived at Wo ol t e o a mbe_Nr:spaaelir,edcoarnt Commander Fisher, , l'ich this morning from Lisbon. VAUTION IN CLEANSING CESSPOOLS.—The Long acre tragedy has been recently reheat sea, if not acted over again, at Titter.haugers, an estate of the Dowager Countess Hardwiclie. Dow the idea of " disinfecting" es po l e.r sewers by help of oil of vitriol originated, it 1, - ,yh0.p.3 to say, unless it might be in the expec tation tiiat a combination of sulphur and oxygen , such as it ia, would mutt alise one of sulphur and hydrogen, leaving nothing but sulphur and water ; but it ought never to be forgotten that cesspools and sewers will always abound with soda, potash, and probably lime, which will hold the. , e hydras dire, in a fixed state, and that sulphuric osystei , l will itself be neutralised by the alka line bases, ilia' will liberate in place of destroying the poisonous hydr ides.—Eviller. signal of a novel de- NEw RAILWAY SIGNAL. —A scriptiun has recently been fixed to the guard's carriages on the South Western line, consisting of an enormous bell and a red flag. Upon the guard discovering any thing wrong in the train, he can, by merely pulling a wire, cause the bell to ring veryloud, and at the same time a red li n g flies up, as a that the engine driver is immediately to stop the tram,—Deronport In dependent, No. 17.195.] LON DON, T ESDAY VENING ---_____ CHELTENHAM. TO HOTEL-KEEPERS, WINE-MERCHANTS, AND OERS. TO be LET on L EASE, or SOLD, with im mediate possession, the LANSDVWN HOTEL, situate in One of the most fashionable parts of Cheltenham, and occupied as a Private and Family Hotel and Boarding House, the out-door wine trade of which is capable of considerable extension. The moadernt and a ii W e ll- arrange d furniture to b e taken by the In-coming tenn at 7,• : - _, Pair valuation. The p resent opportunits well worthy the attention y i 4 - Pupa:qui oa,pnat wishing to embark ill the above line. . For particuia. - t app te Messrs. Young .and (Ming, house-agents, and Messrs. Bubb, Lingwood, and Bubb, solicitors, Cheltenham ; or to Messrs. Wire and Child, solicitors, 9, St. Swithin'sdaue, London. 11RAVESEND via BLACKWALL RAIL -I,_A WAY, and STAR and BLACKWALL PACKETS. REDUCED FARES. Railway and Boat included in one Payment. No other Packets call at the Grays or Greenhithe Piers. From The Terrace Pier, Gravesend, at 7%, 8 %, 9%, 11%, 1,3, 4, and 5. Sundays, at 7%, 8%, 11%, 1,3, 4, and 5. From the Brunswick Wharf, Blackwall, at 9, 10, 11, 12, 1%, 3%, 5 and 5%. Sundays, at 9, 10, 11, 1%, 3%, 5, and 5%. The TRAINS st ar ti ng o ne quarter of an hear before each of these times. Fore Cat,:a and Second Class Railway, SIXPE N ; Saloon and First Class ditto, EIGIITPENCE. BOAT TICKETS.—TweIve Months, 41.45. ; Six. Months, 2/. 15s. ; Three Months, 11. 15s. ; to be had of the Collectors on board the packets ; Mr. Monk, Terrace Pier, Gravesend ; or of Mr. Saunders, Brunswick Wharf, Blackwall. October 19, 1847. MICHAEL SAWARD, Secretary. PATENT CANDLE & CAMPFIINE LAMPS. The literally largest as well as choicest assortment of PAL MER'S MAGNUM and other CANDLESTICKS ; Camphine, Ar gam% Uld Solar LAMPS, with all the latest improvements, and of the newest and most recherche patterns, in ormolu, Bohemian, and plain glass, or papier mache, in existence, is at WILLIAM S. BUR TON'S (late RIPON and BURTON'S), where all the seasonable no 'reifies are now selling at from 20 to 30 per cent. under any house with whom quality and style are considerations. Palmer's patent '-angle (marked. " Palmer ") Sd. per lb., English's Camphine, in Sealed cans, Is. per gallon. The money returned for every article not approved of. Detailed catalogues with engravings sent (per lost) free. OVELTY in FRENCH CORNICES, from 11s. 1 A most varied and beautiful assortm ent of these elegant ` , -RISIAN NOVELTIES, which threaten entirely to supersede all of British Manufacture, from I Is. and upwards, complete for any ordinary window (if inlaid with velvet of any colour about 15s. each r,;ra), is now on SALE at WILLIAM S. BURTON'S (late RIP vN and BURTON'S), 39, Oxford-street, corner of Newman-street. Detailed catalogues, with engravings, as well as of every iron mongery article, sent (per post) free. WILLIAM S. BURTON'S (late RIPPON and BURTON'S) Stock " general Furnishing Ironmongery is literally the largest in the "orld, and as no language can be employed to g ive a correct i.lea of its variety and extent, purchasers are invited to call and inspect it. . - Established in Well-street, 1120. Abdy, Indian Army Thomas Browne, Esq. Captain Cogan, Indian Navy .Archibald Cuninghante, Esq. Captain 11. M. Denham, If .R.S., DIAMOND OIL LAMP.-NEW LIGHT. The Diamond Lamp is the best light in the world—is a ged in all the palaces in Europe—is free from all the imperfections of ordi torY oil lamps—so simple it cai,not be mismanaged—no cleaning re quired for years. The Diamand Lamp is perfection in light—the Public will have none other. Designs suited to the cottage, and so On to the mansion of the nobleman. To be had only, and all the New Lights are burnin g continually, at , Establishment of the Metropolitan Light Company, RICHARD CLARK, Resident Manager, 447, Strand, London, and of the Com pany's Agents in every Town in the Kingdom, Royal Navy G. 11. Donaldson, Esq. Capt. R. J, Fayrer, Royal Navy Captain Ford, East India Maritime Service Captain G. T. Gordon,Royal Navy E. S. Halswell, Esq., N.A., F.R.S. Capt. H. Hamilton, Royal Navy Gustavus Hamilton, Esq. James Hunter, Esq. J. A. Jackson, Esq. Charles Joyce, Esq. Frederick. Lambe, Esq JOSEPH MAPPIN'S PORCELAIN HANDLE TABLE KNIFE ; Registered June 5, 1847, No. 43,501; Is the most useful and chaste article ever produced, combining ele gance economy, and durability. It far sur p asses ivory in its splen did appearance, and is 50 per cent. cheaper. It is particularly re commended for its purity and sweetness—a little soap and water l'esteres its first splendid appearance. It will not break With falling, neither will it be the least affected by time or service. All these ad vantages combined in this article, which together with the low price at which the article is produced, form a tout-ensemble never before attained. bold retail by all ironmongers, cutlers, and jewellers, in the United Vagdoin, and the Colonies. Ma nufactured only by JOSEPH 4 A I4 BINT, 32, Norfolk-street, Sheffield, where they can be obtained * wholesale; aloe at kis warehouse. 15, Fore-street, City. N.B.—To Merchants, Shippers, and Buyers, generally, J. M. offers c onsiderable advantages, in keeping a largo Steel of Cutlery at his London Warehouse from his Manufactory in Sheffield, which is aaltable for every description of Wholesale and Export Trade, an ad 'vantage possessed by no other Sheffield House. ROW LAN D'S ALSANA_ EX_TRAQT. For the the Toothache and Gum Boils, and for eradicating a ll Borders of the Teeth and Gums. la the an g uish of excrutiating train it affords instantaneous relief, while its frequent use will be round to strengthen the gums, and fortify the Teeth against future „, t • tae ka. It totally exterminates scurvy , re stores the Gums to the • `,"neas of health, and by et-Wowing them with additional firmness of !9esion, it firmly fixes and roots the Teet h in their sockets. It era dicatesli unpleasant taste and injurious secretion from the mouth, and ,ePels the approach of incipient decay. It is p erfectl y innocent, and -1-5 a 1:0 an excellent stomachic in cases of flatule nc y and de p ression of spirits. _ This invaluable specific has been held in hi g h estimation for TamY years, and is under the sanction of the first physicians. Price " (.8 . .id., 4s. Gd., and 10s. 6d. per bottle. CAUTION.—Each bottle of the genuine preparation is enclosed in Wrapper, on which are the words—" ROWLAND'S ALSANA EX 41ACT." The Government Stamp has also the Proprietors' name And address, thus--" A. ROWLAND AND SON, 20, HATTON °ARDEN," engraved thereon. Sold by them, and by all Chemists and Perfumers. SOLICITORS—Messrs. Barron and Clarke, liloennabury-square. TO MR. PROUT, 229, STRAND, LONDON. " Se. 208, Piccadilly, October 19, 1847. wi 7,l Bl T.—lt Is nosy three and a half yea rs since I was sorely afflicted allßheumatic Gout, the suffering from which induced rue to try the proposed remedies that extensive m edical ex p erience could devise, one without obtaining any satisfactory rel i e f from p ain. Doring and of Paroxysms a friend advised me to try BLAIR'S GOUT „„_ RHEUMATIC PILLS, observing that he had in some severe ires taken them himself, and they proved very successful. I in stantly adopted his advice, and to my joy the excruciating torment 4 L ,began to abate, and a few boxes restored ne to health, since ,'ea I have had no return of the complaint. .„. s. ` I trust you will give publicity to my case, that suffering humanity 4 •Y know how to obtain a remedy fer this distressing disease. " I am, Sir, your obedient humble servant, "_MICHAEL SAS:U . I7TH." The above testimonial is a further proof of the efficacy of Blair's \mut and Rheumatic which afford speedy relief to those afflicted with h„ ' gout, rheumatism, lumbago , scia tica, tic doloreux, pains in the ad and face, and all analogous complaints. i d by Thomas Front, 229, S trand, London, and most respect able— Medicine Vendors. Observe the name and address of " Thomas Trout, 229, Strand, London," in the Government Stamp. EYEBROWS, MUUSTACIIIOS, and \\THIS „, R:ERSi produced in a few weeks, and Baldness removed and 1a4,;,-, 11 ,; e1 Ny the use of GRIMSTONE'S AROMATIC REGENE a e -- 'lz an essptial spirit, drawn from aromatic herbs and flowers, " drops of which cure headache in a few minutes ; it is also a boostbottles, delightful' fragrant toilet perfume. Sold only in triangular 7 R. es, protected by the Government stamp, at 4s. ; double the size, t a -. ! and double this size, lls. each ; enclosed in a Pamphlet, con- A ti "Tg testimnials of undoubted authory, entitled " Three Minutes' 3 ,. ° , c _ e on the o Growth a nd Preservation of the Human Hair, Bcc.” X 1 4s. 6d., 84„ and 125., for money orders oniv. L o 'n'; i 3 vholesale only at Gemstone's Herbary, Highgate, near 0 , 7 " ; and by Messrs. Barclay and Son, Farringdon-street ; Sanger, Con duit - street Messrs. Butler and Co.,Cheapside • Fisher and Toiler, by ; Mr. Johnston, medicine warehouse, 68, Cornhill • l ir it b3: all Chemists. Perfumers, and others For Edinburgh, J. and U s , all neil.Leith-walk ; for Manchester, eresehe and Son, Adver -Office. TO THE LADIES. Tll _ ls l ad had the following letter inserted In.the "Timex" news- Pa pe f i' un Aug. 7, lii46. Reader, remember, this letter was p ut into '''''' paper by the lady herself, as a testimony to me. tunity of 'lre. Weekley, o f So. 3. Swats-street, Borough, takes this opp or- PUblicly thanking Mr. W. Grlinstone, of the llerbary, High gate for the efficacy of his Aromatic Regenerator , in having com pletely restored the hair on her head, after using it abou t four months, Ind the whole of her hair is much stronger and mere luxuriant than levQr Was before the baldness appeared. " Mre. Weekley inserts this testimony to the virtues o f Mr. G.'s ~ ~ Q genator, feeling assured that many ladies would gladly purchase an lis. bottle it they were as certain of its virtues as she is, from ex- Perience, not only in the restoration and production of hair in abund anyce., but as a cure of nervous headache ; as a toilet perfume its far ladyl respectability o Cases of the hair becoi i Y to the abovefact .-3, Swan,-street, Borough." n ng thin, weak, drops on the crown et the week, will pre vent the hair head occasionally, every or turning grey, eta w !3revent it turning from coming away with the comb, make it strong, and grey, rendering the hair luxuriant and curly. A few drops on your hairbrush before brushing the hair, will give the hair brilliancy, causing it to curl. The most delicate ladies may use this delillitful product of the %est aromatic herbs and flowers with confidence ; its refreshing Mow removes headache and makes it a most necessary companion o the toilet. In cases of nevous headache, pour ten or twelve drops 11 the erown of the heal ; if very bad, repeat it every quarter of an our. In most cases relief is certain in te - i minutes. It produces air on children's heads in a few appplications. If used on infants' cads, it has such a peculiar cooling influence on the brain as to pre vent convulsions, as well as promoting the growth of hair.—See pamphlet of testimonials. Au letters addressed iO wilU‘m Grimstone Llenary. Highgate. 2 s. od., ts. Gd., and I Is. each Box. Post free , DE . D. 35., 5. ~ a nd 12s. COPAIBA AND CURERS ENTIRELYSTPRs. RA.Y'S BALSAMIC PILLS, celebrat ed all , P pu a l i ss s ai T the over the world for the Cure of Strictures,. Loins, Affections of the Kidneys, Gravel, Stone, I Physical Incapacity, Weakness, Irritation of the Bladder or Urethra, eor and other diseases of the urinary passages. These Pills have for years been employed in most of the Metro politan Hospitals and Dispensaries, and were extensively prescribed by the late Samuel Cleverley, Physician to the father of her present Majesty, his late Royal Highness the Duke of Kent; John Armstrong, M.D., Member of the Royal College of Physicians of London, Lecturer on the Principles and Practice of Physic at the Webb-street School of Anatomy, and Consulting Physician to the London Fever Hospital ; William Mill i g an, M.D., Member of the London and Edinburgh Royal Colleges of Physicians, Physician to the Middlesex Infirmary, and Royal Universal Infirmary for Chil dren, Lecturer on the Principles and Practice of Physic, Chemistry, and Materia. Medico, at the Windmill-street School of Anatomy; J. G. Thomson, Member of the Universities of Cambridge and Edinburgh, and of the Royal College of Physicians, London, Phy- Slcian-Aceoucheur to the Ladies' Benevolent Association, Lecturer on the Principles and Practice of Midwifery, &c. ; George jewel , M.D., Physician-Accoucheur to the Middlesex Infirmary, Lecturer on the Principles and Practice of Midwifery, and the Diseases of Women and Children ; and Mr. Thomas Batlin, Surgeon, of Maryle bone ; Mr. W. 11. Dewhurst, Resident Surgeon to St. John's British Hospital, Cross-street, Hatton-garden; Mr. Greville Jones, Surgeon to the Free Hospital, Gray's Inn-lane ; and were administered by the Proprietor in upwards of 1,800 cases in private practice. prior to being advertised—in many the sand cases since, and in no one instance known to fail—are strongly recommended as a far more efficacious remedy than Balsam Copaiha, Cubebs, or any other medicine in present use. Many other medical gentlemen of distinguished eminence in London have borne testimony to the efld- Cacy of these Pills, whose professional character and rank are a aufilelent guarantee for the advantages to be derived from the use of this invaluable medicine.—Prepared only by M. 0. Wray; sold at 453, New Oxford-street, - removed from 118, Holborn-hill London. PHYSICIAN'S ADVICE from Eleven ti:l One, every Day. SURGICAL ATTENDANCE every Evening, from Seven till Nine. Persons residing in the remotest parts of the country can be treated successfully, on describing minutely their symptoms, age, habits of life, &c., and inclosing a Post - office order for advice and medicine, which can be forwarded to any part of the world, securely Packed, and carefully protected from observation. All letters to be addressed to M. 0. WRAY, 453, New Oxford greet, London. NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. 24, CORNIIILL, LONDON. Capital £.500,000. Empowered by Act of Parliament. This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages With respect to life assurances and deferred annuities. The assured has, on all occasions, the power to hprrovr, without expense or for feiture of the policy, two•th i r ds of the pr.irbms paid ion of (see Tablehis in ); also the option of selec tin g benefits, and th.e epne4rs :erects to meet other convenienetes or necessity. Assurances for terms of years on the lowest possible rates. JAVISION OF PROFITS. The increasing prosperity of the Society has enabled the Directors at the annual meeting held an the P2th May, 1847, to declare a fifth bonus, varying from 35 to 85 per taut, 04 the premiums paid on each policy effected on tke profit scale. XAMPLEA. STANHOPE NURSERY. . .............. - _ liarserY Stock, Greenhouse Plants, Greenhouses, Pits, Frames, Hot 'water Pipe, capital nest of Seed-drawers, Horses, Carts, Harness, . I Perms- Sum the Baskets, Garden-pots, &c•+ &o. "..,.7 Annual Policy Bonus in nent Re- Assured MESSRS. PROTIIEROE and MORRIS will AP. E P.. I Pre- taken addition Boaus in daction of may bor submit t• PUBLIC CO dPETITION by AUCTION, on to n r., ' mium. out. in Assured. Cask. Anneal row ea ri) Premises, Stanhope Nursery, Gloucester•road, Old Brompton, on Prewdams. Policy. MONDikr, Nov. 8, 1847, and following days, at Eleven o'clock, - - --- ---- -----'--- The remaining' NURSERY STOCK, consisting of several thou- Z s. 4. X s 8. X s. 4. £ s. d. sands Aucuba japonica 2to 4 feet, Holly, common and Portugal Lau- 1837 243 9 3112 8 5 18 4 6 494 8 19 rel, Yew, Privet, Box, Standard and Dwarf Roses, Btc. ; also the ~ 1838 218 4 8' 99 81015 13 5 445 0 0 X Xs' d, 1839 192 1 10, 86 9 3 13 4 9 395 11 1 Greenhouse Plants, comprising fine Camellia, Azalea Indica, fine 60 . 1000 74 3 4 1840 143 5 lei 66 8 4 919 1 346 2 3 Seedling Rhododendrons. Erica, Chorozema, Acacia, Nerium, double I 1841 138 14 2 61 17 6 9 9 2 296 13 4 white and purple Primula, &c. ; together wills the Erections and Utensils in Trade, &c., as above. 1842 111 6 8! 49 10 0 1 7 10 4 247 4 5 May be viewed prior to the sale. Catalogues (Gd. each, returnable - The Annual Report, with tables of rates, &c., may be had at the to Seeds purchasers) may be had on the premises ; the principal Seeds- office, or any of its branches In the soantry ; el*, on application, will men; and of the Auctioneers, American Nursery, Leytonatone. be fervraraed pest free.. F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Secretary. PRO MOTER LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY COMPANY, 9, Chatham-place, Rlackfriars, London.—Established in 1826. Subscribed Capital, 240,0001. Dm =Tons. Wm. Goodenough Ilayter, Esq., Robert Palk, Esq. M.P. John Louis Prevost, Esq. Charles Johnston, Esq. Samuel Smith, Esq. Jahn Towgood Kemble, Esq. Le Merchant Thomas, Esq. Joha G. Shaw Lefevre, F.E.S. . THXSTEre. John Deacon, Esq., John G. Shaw Lerma, Esq., rx.s., and Charles Johnston, Esq. This Society effects assurances in a great variety of forms; and on most advantageous terms, both on the bonusand non-bonus systems. - In May, 1842, a bonus in ready money of 15 per cent. on the pre miums received (equivalent to a reversionary addition of about 30 per cent.), was declared on the beneficial policies ; and in May, 1847, a further bonus in ready money, averaging 20 per cent. on the premiums received (equivalent to a reversionary addition of about 40 per cent.), was declared on the beneficial policies on which three annual pre miums had been paid in December, 1846. Prospectuses, with tables of rates, and all farther particulars, may be obtained at the office. T HE LIVERPOOL AND LONDON FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY. 8, WATER-STREET, LIVERPOOL, 3, CHARLOTTE-ROW, MANSION-HOUSE, LONDON. Liability of the Proprietors unrestricted. Moderate Premiums in the Fire Department. Guaranteed bonuses and other peculiar advantages in the Life De . artment. Policies, insuring the value of Leasehold Property at the termina tion of the Lease, are also issued. SWINTON BOULT, Secretary to the Company. BENJ. HENDERSON, Resident Secretary. London. F NGL AND to INDIA. and AUSTRALIA. A The INDIA and AUSTRALIA MAIL STEAM-PACKET COMPANY, incorporated by Royal Charter, which limits the re sponsibility of the shareholders to the amount for which they indivi dually subscribe, and authorises the Company to establish commu nications to atul and from the United Kingdom, the East Indies, Australasia, and New Zealand. Capital One Million sterling. Divided into series of shares of 201. each. COMMITTEE. Sir George Larpent, Bart., Chairman of the London Committee of 1846 for Extension of Steam Navigation to Australia. Sir William Verner, Bart., M.P. Hon. Francis Scott, M.P., Agent for Yew South Wales. Sir Thomas L. Mitchell, Surveyor-General of New South Wales, London. J. Maclean Lee, Esq, Captain Richard Lloyd, Indian Navy Milbourne Marsh, Esq. It Montgomery Martin, Esq. J. Monte - Sore, Esq. Sir F. Waskett dyers, K.C.S. Alexander C, Ogilvie, Esq. ,Richard Paterson, Esq. Robert Henley Payne, Esq, John Wilson Pillans, Esq. 'G. IL Skead, Esq., Master, Royal Navy Colonel Torrens, William Gordon Thomson, Esq. Lieut. Waghorn, F.R.A.S„ Royal Navy Mclvii Wilson, Esq. BANKERS—Messrs. Currie tr.d Co., India, Australia, China, and the adjacent regions, contain a popu lation of more than tuff the number of the inhabitants of the globe, and teem with every product which con minister to the wants of man. To carry out effectually and economically steam communication .with those countries is the object of this Company, for whose oaa rattions there is en ample and profitable field, especially as regards our numerous and valuable colonies in the Southern Pacific, which have an increasing intercourse with India as well as with England —are the only portions of the British empire unconnected by steam navigation with the parent stale, and for which a charter by the overland route has been exclusively granted to this Company. The route sanctioned by the Lords of the Admiralty for this Com pany is vi« Ceylon, Singapore, and Torres Straits, the advantages of which are, that Sydney, the metroplitan capital of the whole of the Auscralasian colonies, would be brought to a certainty within 64 or 65 days of London (frequently in GO), and within less than 30 days of India. The coal stations are convenient, esallent coal from the pits at Newcastle, New South Wales, can be put on board there at 7s. to 7s. 6d. per ton. Prospectuses, with forms of application for shares, and further information may be had on application at the offices of the Com pany, where a copy of. the Royal Charter of Incorporation may be obtained. (Oleos, 34, Cornhill, London. JOHN YATES, See. E Pri nceL I A N I b G e r ( t ) h N e noSyrUi Family, the er S_ ln_ch la and principal Nobility and Officers of the Guards—Two-and-a-Halt Guineas. In London only of FOU G ERE, Patentee, 6, Condnit-street, Regent. street, and 80e, Cheapside. Agents.—Pirmingham : Hollingsworth, New-street—Liverpool : Mactaggart, Bold-street—Manchester : Brown, Market-street — . York: Evers and Anderson—Edinbur,gle : Marshall and Aitken—Glasgow : Brodie, Macleod, and Co.; and principal tailors in all large towns. DAVIES'S CANDLES, 6(1. per lb. ; Genuine Sperm, ls. 9d. ; Yellow Soap, 485., 545., and 603. per 1121bs. ; Mottled, 60s. and G4s.; Wax Candles, Is. per lb. ; German Wax, Is. 2d. ; Fine Wax, Is. 5d.; Transparent Wax, Is. 11d. ; Genuine Wax, 2s. Id.; Waxed-wick Moulds, 7d.; Sperm Oil, Bs. per gallon; Solar, 3s. 3d., Pale Scal, 4s. ; Argand, or Vegetable, 4s. 6d. ; Wind sor and Palm Soap, Is. 4d. per packet; Brown Windsor, Is. 9d ; Rose, 2s. ; Almond, 2s. 6d. ; Sealing Wax, 4s. 6d.; Bale's Paragon Composite, requiring no snuffing, 10d. per lb. For Cash—At DAVIES'S Old Established Warehouse, 63, St. Martin's-lane, opposite Slaughter's Coffee-house. THE SPORTSMAN'S THREE WISHES The sportsman has wishes—we name them —they're three, With the truth of this version you all will agree : Now September's set in, most nobly we'll strive, To keep the old custom of shooting alive. The game is abundant, the weather is clear, Bright Plicebus commands all her guests to appear; But sportsman, before you depart for the fun, Obtain your three wishes—your Coat, Dog, and (inn, The first in the field L. IIYAM now stands, For his " Paletot ShootinE;•coat," known in all lands ; Enveloped in these, it soon will be found, That the wind and the rain fall powerless around. For warmth, style, sill freedom, none such can be got, Just wear one—you soon wil be reckoned a " shot." Then sportsmen of England, appreciate well, One who pleases so much, and who strives to excel For that is the cause why the journals express Such very great faith in his prime shooting dress. Fulfil then your wishes—your pleasures complete, By a call at the Mart, 36, Ciracecl,urch-street. . The stock is unvaried, you can't lack success, In equipping yourself in a " good Shooting Dress." An extensive stock of Shooting-coats, in all the new materials, cut in the latest fashion, at the following reasonable prices : Beaverteen Shooting Jackets .. •• • • ...... 10s. Od. Angola Do Mixed Doeskin D 0....... ... Tartan Do. .......... 18s. did. Plaid 21s. ed. Very superior d 0....... •.......... .255. Od. Youths' and Boys' Shooting Jackets at prices in proportion. Newmarket Riding Coats, 30s. to 40s. ; Scarlet Hunting Coats, first-rate quality, 31. The Hosiery, Hat, and Outfit Department, recently added to this Establishmen`, is now complete, containing a well-selected stock of Shirts, Gloves, Hose, Handkerchiefs, &c. &c. Paris and town made Hats, Travelling, Fishing, Youtks', and liens' Caps, in every va riety, at prices in accordance, with L. Ilyam's well-known econo mical system. L. ATARI'S Clothing, Hat, each Outfitting IZSittislishraent, 36, Graceehurch-street. DA. LA'MERT ON TYE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF TOUTH D MATURITY.—WITH 40 COLOURED ENGRAVINGS ON STEEL. Jnst published, and may be had in French or English, in a Sealed Envelope, 2s. Gd„ or post-free, from the Author, for forty-two Stamps, IELF-PRESERVATION; a M edical Treatise on the Physiology of Marriage, Infelicitous and Unproductive Unions, and the Secret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Ma turity, usually acquired at an early period of life, which enervate the physical and mental powers, diminish and enfeeble the natural feelings, and exhaust the vital energies of Manhood ; with Practical Observations on the Treatment of Nervous Debility and Indige3tion, whether arising from these causes, close study, or the influence of tropical climates: Local and Constitutional Weakness, Syphilis, Stricture, and all Diseases and Derangements resulting from Indis cretion. With Forty coloured Engravings, Illustrating the Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, explaining their structures, uses, and functions, and the various injuries that are produced in them by solitary habits, excesses, and infection. BY SAMUEL LA'AIERT, M.D., 9, BEDFORD-STREET, BEDFORD•SQUARB LONDON. Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of Edin bur gh L,Loichrio enstialteoosfpAttoplotl‘lreiocdaralels'sloloaitelt,y, a London, o. Honorary Member ofthe veil, which caverstl ~e requires the fulfilment of several eonditions, in order and its true source . Marriaf , It be traced to that It may be really the cause o(mutual happiness. Could the in the origin of dolt estic wretchedness, be raised, moderation is fraught physical every instance disclosed, in how many could abased, the prolific source P u o s huments. constitutional and vital mischief, and of always injurious ; the gift, which when Exuessusa d r isqualifications and their attendant disap tflefeSS:feature and consequence ab e n d s in with advantage, locomen, when of which this Treatise., are productive of greater severity ity of misery than any other to which it is subject. greater or less Injury rs. The particular excesses on accurate and Physiology work and containst 0 t p h r e o fe h s o s n e i s ao to frame, dilat e , Alat o This niy complete account of the of the their relative conditions in Reproductive 0 requires the closest attention and and disease. rf t ans d , and of be of more importance than t study, for what subject can and of the physical capabilitiespreservation of the j health, an he possessed. It unfortunate]; of which every man should victim of excessive indulgence and vicioushappens that the unhappy in early life or from the follies of advanced habits, whether acquired from their invariable consequences, unwisaeniced age, while suffering plying to a qualified physician for relief. 3 ,l entertains a fear of ap frequently, but erroneously entertained that these the dread so beyond the reach of art, alike restrict him and the are for assistance where alone it can be procured. prevent his seeking discrimination ln acting thus, lie forgets that accurate in ascertaining the- -le disease, sympathy with the sufferer, and, above an, . Qcro causes of inva riably characterise the intelligent and practical physician, secrecy, medical man who can show by Ids poss 6. sion of the requisi ( to to the qualifications that he is entitled to esteem and respect in his profes sional sional pursuits, the utmost confidence should be extended. Dr - L VAIERT has obtained the highest medical honours, a lilt diplomas ' testify, and the great extent of his practice for many year. i s a guarantee for his professional experienee, which has reference almost solely to the treatment of these diseases. Published by the Autho r, and May be had of Rent and Richards, 52, Paternoster-row; Hannay, G 3, Oxford-street; Starie, Tichbonie street, Haymarket ; Mansell, 115, Fle4-street ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street, London ; or, free by post for forty-two stamps, from the Author, who may be consulted on these disorders personally ' or by letter, daily, from Ten till Two, and from Five till Eight, at his oidence, 9, Bedtord-street, Bedford-nuare, London. ROY AL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. First Introduction to the Public of TWO LECTURES by Dr. BACHHOFFNER—one on the Laws of Nature, applicable to the hn portant subject of SANITARY MEASURES; the other on the va rious modes of VENTILATION, in which the PIIYSICAL PRO PERTIES of a JET of ,TEAM will be exhibited, with Novel and highly Interesting Expel-linen:a, daily at Two and Half.past Three o'clock. These Lectures will be given alternately in the Evenings, at Eight o'clock, except on Saturdays. The ELECTRIC TELE GRAPHS worked. The WORKING MODELS, explained. An entirely New Series of DISSOLVING VIEWS. DIVING BELL and DIVER, utitk yuE'.-; NEW APPARATUS for CONVERSING! Linde; W4.1%i1, 40. 1 6 s, Admission, Is. ; Schools, halt-prico. PUBLICATIONS. TAIT'S EDINBURGH MAGAZINE for NOVEMBER. No. CXLVII. Price One Shilling, CONTAINS The Crisis and the Currency. Miranda : a Tale of the French Revolution—Continued. By Percy B. St. John. Scottish Rivers. No. It. The Tweed and its Tributaries—Con tinued. By Sir Thomas Dick Lauder. Furstenruhe. By John Wilmer. Protestantism. By Thomas de Quincey. Thomas Macaulay. By George 011tillan. Mansion-house Law and Justice. Poetry. Peru and its People. Political Register, &e., &C. Sutherland and Knox, Edinburgh; Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., London. Now ready, price Is. sewed, 2s. bound in cloth, gilt, and interleaved, JOHNSON and SHAW'S FARMERS' AL MANAC for MS. James Ridgway, Piccadilly, and every Bookseller. Also, I. JOHNSON'S ENGLISH RURAL SPELLING-BOOK. Fourth Edition. Is. 6d. cloth. " The best and Most well spelling-book published." 2. JOHNSON'S FARMERS' MEDIC A L DICTIONARY. 6s. cloth. • THE BEST ittmEtrt ran nomarEsvoit NORTON'S CAMOMILE PILLS are confi dently recommended as a simple, but certain remedy, to all wits suffer from Indigestion, Sick Headache, Billious and Liver Com plaints ; they act as powerful tonic and gentle aperient, imparting strength to the stomach, and composure to the nervous system. Sold in bottles at Is. 114 d., or 25. 9d. and I is. each, by A. Willoughby and Co., late B. G. Windus, 61. Bishopsgate Without, and nearly all Me dicine Venders. Be sure to ask for NORTON'S TILLS, and do not be persuaded t purchase an imitation. Illustrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel. ON PHYSICAL DISQI:TALICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA CITY, &ND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. New Edition, enlarged to 196 pages. Just published, price 2s. 6d., or by post, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. in postage stamps, THE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on the infarnaities and decay of the generative system, from ex cessive indulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury, with remarks on Marriage, and the means of obviating certain dis qualifications. Illustrated by 26 Coloured Engravings. By R. and L. PERRY and CO., 19, Berners-stroet, Oxford-street, London. Published by the Authors : sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row ; Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street ; Static, 23, Titekborne qreet, Haymarket; and Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street. Pa= I. treats.of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive organs, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Engravings. PART 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessive indul gence, and their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative incapacity. It is illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings. PART 111. Treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for their treatment. The consequences of early neglect arid of the abuse of mercury, are also clearly pointed out. This section is illustrated by Seventeen Coloured Engravings. Pant IV. Treats of Perry's Preventative Lotion, by the use of which the dangers'of infection are obviated. It combines with the virus chemically, and destroys its power on the system. PART T. Is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and its duties, The causes of unproductive union, are also considered, and the whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into. TEE CORDIAL BALM OF SIRIACIIM is exclusively employed in treat ing nervous and sexual debility, impotence, Er-c., lis. and 335. per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic remedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary symp toms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, I Is. and 335. per bottle. Perry's Purifying Specific Pills, 2s. id., 48. Gd., and I Is. per box, a certain remedy in gonorrhoea, gleet, strictures, and chronic inflamma tion of the bladder. Perry's Preventative Lotion, an application to obviate the danger of infection, 335. a bottle. Consultation fee, if by letter, It. 51. Packets with advice to be had at the Establishment only, by whisk the fee, 11., is saved. Attendance daily at 19, Ber ners•street, from Eleven till Two, and Five to Eight; on Sundays rani Eleven to-One. A R A E. 31 - One half the iworid are desolately single, and the other supposing them married, questionably contented. Diffidence, or a sense of right determine the .former, and miscalculated hopes em bitter the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret un coraprosing hurry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity, and broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness and social content. The dowry should not be the only marriage set tlement. Honour and justicedemand tkat health should form an item in the compact; it alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes or neglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if these surmises concern you, procure Dr. CULYEItWELL'S little MEMOIRS 'On Single and Married Life," pub. fa 2 vols., Is. each (by post, in stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let ne imaginatively rened, sr prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hindered by misinterpretation of their supposed contents, from obtaining them. They are not intended certainly for mere idle curiosity, but for the closet perusal of those more deekily interested, to whom they are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on the above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone or together, are a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other little publications claim your attention (same price Is. each, by post Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and Avoid," and " How to be Happy." T7;ey are not merely pamphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the mere ephemeral scribblings of the hour, but the study of the author's life, who owes his present existence, health, and position to this ob servance of the maxims he would inculcate-0 do unto others as he would be done unte—tc live after nature's laws—and to keep always on the "sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Carvalho, 147, Fleet•street ; Mann, 39, Cornhill ; Nalson, 457, West Strand ; or direct (by post or other wise) from the author (who may be conferred with personally, mornings and evenings), 10, Argyll-plaee Regent-street; and all Booksellers. NEW SOUTH WALES. The last papers from New South Wales contain the details of an exceedingly interesting experiment undertaken by Mr. Boyd, at Sydney, with the view of increasing the supply of labour. It appeared to this gentleman that it would be desirable to obtain immigrants for the colony from the South Sea Islands, and he accordingly dispatched a vessel for that purpose, the captain being instructed to call at as many islands as possible, so that he might satisfy himself not only as to the people most fitted for the wants of the colonists, but also as to the number likely to be procured. In due time the vesse returned with 65 of the natives of the New Hebrides group (distant about three weeks' sail from Sydney), of various ages, from 14 to 25, while the general accounts given of the cruise were such as to warrant an expectation of satisfactory and extensive results. Mr Boyd's wish was, that in the first instance only 50 should be engaged, but so eager were these people to be taken on board, that it was only through the authority of their chiefs that the number could be limited, the explanation of this desire for removal being that the inhabitants of all the Coral Islands are in a condition, during upwards of eight months of the year, little short of starvation. With respect to the habits of the people, and their fitness for the occupa tions of civilised life, it is stated, that although canni balism and infanticide prevail amongst them to a fearful extent, they manifest in their intercourse with strangers a very great degree of tractability and in telligence ; and hence it is considered that their vices may be attributed rather to the influence of the suffer ings to which they are periodically exposed than to any ineradicable peculiarity. The expense of intro ducing them is about 8/. per man, and Mr. Boyd's intention is to employ them as shepherds. At the same time, from the description given of them, it would seem that they might easily be instructed for other services. Regarding the conduct of the party during their three weeks voyage, the master of the vessel reports as follows : "My first care en getting to sea was to limit the quantity of food for each person, particularly salt meat ; to have the hold well aired and constantly cleaned, &c.; and so successful have I been in my endeavours to preserve all in a healthy state that I landed them all at Twofold Bay, with only one slight case of dysentery having occurred during the passage ; and I cannot refrain from mentioning the grateful attachment they have all shown to me, as it exhibits a trait in their characters rarely found amongst savages, and one which will contribute in no small degree to render them manageable during their resi dence in the colony ; but on this score I have no doubt, as, short as the time is that they have been with me in the Velocity, they have already learned to make themselves useful, and the alacrity with which they endeavoured to obey any order I gave fully proves their inclination to work." With reference to the numbers to be procured, he adds : "I have no hesitation in assuring you that from the various groups in the vicinity of New Holland, this vast island, now nearly uninhabited, may be supplied with an almost unlimited number; for as the miseries of an over-population are removed by emigration, the crime of infanticide will cease, and the desolating effects of perpetual warfare, not only car ried on for the purpose of eating the slain enemies, but also in the hopes of plundering the enemy's country of the fruit and roots produced in it, will end when the principal cause is removed." Perhaps the chief danger to be apprehended is the common one in all these case of the temptation of intoxicating drinks. It must also be remarked that the number imported by Mr. Boyd consists entirely of males; and that, if this practice be persevered in, there can be no doubt of a repetition of the evils which not many years back were denounced in the first attempts at Coolie emigration to the Mauritius. —Times. The leading features in yesterday's Observer, Oct. 31 : —Ab ou t n i ne f o lio columns of Monetary Affa i rs, includi ng one column (by express) of the meeting on Saturday, at Liverpool, of the Royal Bank Company, u column of Paris papers of Saturday, with the late st Bourse and B e l g i an Funds, by the Observer special ex press. The Q ueen ' s proc l ama ti on t o co nvene Parliament on the 18th November—Marylebone Vestry on Satur tLy—Art and Artists, &c. The extensive publication of the Observer commences at six Sunday mornings. The Monday's Observer, with markets, at four Monday afternoon. Price of the Observer (48 columns) 6d. S 11, NOVEMBER 2, 1847. BRITISH POSSESSIONS IN EUROPE, AFRICA, ASIA, AND AUSTRALIA CONNECTED WITH ENGLAND BY THE INDIA AND AUSLRALIA MAIL STEAM PACKET COMPANY. Prepared at the request of the Committee by the Author of the e History of tha British Colonies." This brochure, which has been most carefully com piled by Mr. Montgomery Martin, and which is.de dicated to the Earl of Clarendon, gives a succinct account of the different colonial dependencies of the British Empire, between which and the mother country the Indian and Australian Mail Steam packet Company will open more frequent communi cations. The royal charter incorporated the company for the conveyance of mails, transport of troops, pas sengers, specie, goods, and merchandise to and from Great Britain the East Indies, Austra lasia, and New Zealand, and to other intermediate ports or places." The powers of the company, there fore, extend across the globe from north-west to south-east, over 180 degrees of longitude and 100 degrees of latitude, on a line 13,000 miles in leu!;+1. Their object is to establish a weekly postal commu nication with India, taking en route Gibraltar, Malta, the lonian Isles, Alexandria, Suez, Aden (from whence a steam communication will probably be opened with the islands of Sey c h e ll es an d th e M aur iti us ), and so on to Bombay, Mad ras , and Calcutta, taking en route between Bombay a n d Calcutta- the island of , Ceylon.. Prom Ceylon the line-- koeli Viretkih the, Straits of Malacca to Penang and Singapore, from whence it goes to Batavia. From hence two lines of communication are opened with Australia; the one goes to Port Essington, on the north coast of New Holland (from whence a steam communication could be easily opened with New Guinea, an island the colonization of which Mr. Montgomery Martin strenuously advocates), and from thence to Moreton Bay and Sydney ; another goes direct from Batavia to the Swan River. From Sydney there is to be a direct steam communication with New Zealand and with Van Diemen's Land; while from the latter island there is to be a line to Port Philip, South Australia, and West Australia, or Swan River, thus establishing a complete and perfect steam communi cation between all the British Australian colonies, the most important as well as the most interesting colo nies of the British empire. In speaking of these magnificent possessions, Mr. Montgomery Martin says^ " After an examination of nearly all the colonies of England, that New South Wales is the prcudest monument of the Christian civilizatioe of our country. Founded with the refuse of gaols and prisons, peopled originally by the lowest class of emigrants, planted at anew the blessin g s of w empire in the the Antipodes a sifashamed y o e f t the has thoutcasts,sext extraordinary d rd a i f n r a a r i s o 1 c southernlo of their moral pestilence, nybe rem me is Britain will radiate to millions yet unborn; and future ages will contemplate with admiration and reverence the nation that gave the criminal time to repent before hemisphere, centrefroni whichof a alle he went to his final judgment; turned the erring sinner from his way, and held forth the prospect to him of a useful, nay. happy life; that with such means peopled the desert, and raised a monument to the glory of God by the dissemination of His word among the isles of the south, and amidst myriads who shall yet revere his name. " South Australia, of which Adelaide is the capital, is another illustration of the rapid progress of British colonization in this part of the globe. In 1836 South Australia was hunted over by a few migratory savages, and depasturated by herds of kangaroos; notwithstand ing some early unfortunate proceedings, its improvement has been little short of marvellous. The colony is situated on the south coast of New Holland, between the 26th degree of south lat. and the sea-coast, and the 132 d and the 14Ist degrees of east long. This area ex tends over 300,000 square miles, i. e. nearly 200,000,000 acres of land—about double the size of Great Britain tied Ireland. "The province is remarkable for its park-like scenery; one-third is estimated as good open agricultural or pas toral land; one-third as wooded ranges, yet well adapted for pasturage ; and one-third rocks and scrub, where, however, rich mineral veins are found. Through the Adelaide, Pera, and Gwalior plains, a plough might be driven 12 or 14 miles without a singe obsttaetuns -- " The harbour of Port Adelaide is an Wet from the sea; it is nearly eight miles in length, and'will accom modate a large amount of shipping. Captain Stokes, R.N., calls it a natural dock. Ships of 500 or 600 tons can always pass the bar in safety. " Two great inland seas indent the coast; Spencer's Gulf on the west, and St. Vincent's on the east; each being separated by a long and narrow neck of land termed York's Peninsula. Kangaroo Island is situated in front of St. Vincent's Gulf, and is a good barrier against the force of the Southern Ocean, and contains several safe and commodious harbours. The mariner, with ordinary precaution, has no difficulty even at night in sailing through the other gulf, or Investigator's Strait, as they are quite free from hidden dangers. " In the absence of navigable rivers (except the Murray) abundance of water is found for man and beast. " For five months in the year the creeks and rivers are running with good water, and during the drought their natural reservoirs are full ; besides, water can always be procured at a depth of 20 feet. " Situated on the south coast of New Holland, it has the benefit of the whole indraught of the south-west winds which prevail for four months of the year. The colonial surgeon, after some years' experience, says, 'we are without any endemic disease. We have no marsh miasma, and consequently escape those dreadful remittent and intermittent fevers so prevalent in India and China. We have all the meats, fruits, and vege tables to be found at home; and if our days are warm our nights are cold and bracing.' The average of the mortality for five years is less than one per cent.; in England, it is 2-13. " From the calculations of Mr. Dutton, the coldest day was in June, 1844, when the thermometer was 47i deg., and the warmest day in January, 1845—at noon it stood 106 deg. The average of the annual quantity of rain which fell in South Australia is 19-902. The longest day, in December, is 14 hours; shortest, in June, 10 hours. "It is surprising how long this fine region was ne glected. In 1836 its woods resounded to the war-cry of the naked savage. In 1839, there were introduced from New South Wales, 4,200 horned cattle ; 130 horses ; 35,000 sheep ; and the first three months of 1840, 7,000 horned cattle ; 100 horses, and 25,000 sheep, the total b e i n g valued at 230,8001. in fifteen months. " The subsequent increase of stock is enormous. 1839. 1840. 1841. 1842. 1843. 1844. Sheep •• • • 108,700 200,160 242,055 300,000 350,000 450,000 Horned cattle • • 7,600 15,100 16,696 20,000 25,000 30,000 " Pigs, horses, and goats, which had increased 30 per cent., are omitted. In 1845, there were 480,669 sheep, 26,146 horned cattle, and 1,044 horses assesed as stock in South Australia. "The agricultural resources of the colony are quite equal to the pastoral. " The official return of acres in cultivation under wheat, barley, oats, maize, and potatoes, was in 1840, 2,503 ; 1841, 6,722 ; 1842, 19,790 ; 1843, 28,690; 1844, 26,918 ; 1845, upwards of 30,000 acres. "The produce is exported to Sydney, New Zealand, Van Diemen's Land, Swan River, Mauritius, Singapore, Cape of Good Hope, and England. The South Australian, of the 13th of April last, states, that 660 acres of land, situate at Lyndock Valley, produced 28 bushes per acre. At Mount Barker, some hundreds of acres produced 35 bushels per acre. Sweet pea yields 40 tons per acre, arrow -root, 4 tons, and maize ranges from 70 to 100 bushels.' South Aus tralian wheat sold in England for 965. per quarter, when English wheat was selling for 603. In November, 1845, there were sold in England 450 quarters of South Aus tralian wheat at 765., when English wheat was 605. ; these 450 quarters were freighted at 641bs. weight per bushel. "The mining resources are also very great. The South Australian Mining Associatio n during the first six months raised 2,707 tons of ore, and a great i ncrease was looked for. A conical hill, 40 miles north of Spencer's Gulf, is said to be literally a mass of copper ore, which it would req uire . ages to wo r k. " The share list of the mining companies in the colony in 1846, shows the estimation entertained of their pros pects Paid. Price. Adelaide Mining Company ••• ••• £2 .£lO 0 Greenock Creek 9 9 Burra Barra .• 100 0 Grand Junction 85 0 Victoria ... ••• ••• ••• ••• 2 3 10 " By accounts to May, 1847, the mining operations were being prosecuted with g reat success ; the dividend on the Burra Burra Mine, on the ore sold was said to be equal to 280 per cent. The mineral wealth of Australia is probably very great. Sir Thomas Mitchell, in his recent expedition to the north-east, found a region like the Uralian Mountains, abounding in gold. The spe cimens I have seen of the gold are very rich. It is in large grains or irregular veins, loosely imbedded in white quartz. Lead is also found. ~ Th e commerce has augmented in the same pro portion as the products. Bearing in mind that the colony was founded only in 1838, the following shows the ex ports in 1844-45: 1, 1844. Wool Oil Sp. Oil 81. Tallow. W.bone. Hides. Bark. lbs. tons. tons. tons. tons. tons. 9 450 083 928 312 2,172 16 31,945 : f Exports, Oct. 31, 1843, to Nov. Oct. 31, 1844, to Nov. 1. 1845. 10,007,2891,513 562 3,252 2,813 72,833 351 Besides which there have been shipped in the last year inclusive, 439 tons manganese, 463 tons copper ore, 51 . - . tons lead ore, 113 tons log;ood, about 150 tons South Australia gum, nearly 450 tons New Zealand gum, be sides leather, sheepskins, soap, honey, lard, gelatine, flax, tongues, hams, horns, tips, hoofs, treenails, &c. &c. " The whole amount of goods and merchandise im ported into the South Australia colony in 1845, was 184,8191., and the exports for the same year, 148,459/. In 1846 the exports had increased to 287,0001. " The chief items in the Custom-house returns for 1845, were —cottons ar.d linens, upwards of 10,0001. ; drapery, 16,000/. ; apparel and slops, 14,0001.;; canvass, &c., 5,0001; porter, &0., 5,500/. ; books and stationery, 2,100/. ; tea and sugar, 9,000/; ironmongery, 4,000 L ; wine, 3,500/. The experts of the last quarter of 1846, were 123,6811. The other threo quarters were 163,378/. ; total, 287,0004 ; showing an increase of 145,0001. The articles were corn, flour, &c., 7,8004 ; wool, 63,6004 t copper, 48,276/. The total imports of 1845, were... ~. £103,797 Ditto, in previous year ... 63,635 Exports, 1845 .. ▪ X 97,600 Total, in previous ye- . , r ▪ 60,785 "'The UN -m u 7..0d condition of the colony will be seen thus:-.. Total 1840. 1845. _ population... 14,610 ... 22,390 ..11 town ... 8,489 7,413 In the country ... ... 6,121 14,977 Number of public houses ... 107 ... 85 Convictions of crime 47 ... 22 Acres of land in cultivation 2,503 ... 26,218 Exports of - colonial produce ... £15,650 ... £131,800 Revenue ... • ... ... 30,199 ... 32,099 Expenditure ... 169,066 ... 36,182 Copper ore exported ... ... 4,099 ... 17,172 (Copper ore for two quarters of 1846, value 54,1681.) " The population iu the colony in 1847, is about 35,000, and there is a truly British and enterprising spirit in the inhabitants, who, as well as their brethren in New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land, deserve a free representative constitution. " Western Australia, or ' Swan River,' between the parallels of 31 deg. and 35 deg. S., and that part of New Holland westward of the 129 deg. of longitude, is 1,280 miles from N. to S., and 800 from E. to W., comprising a great extent of country. The colony has made less progress than the settlements on the east and south coast. It was founded in 1829; in 1836 the population was only 2,000; and in 1845 no more than 4,350. The imports from Western Australia into the United King dom in 1844 were only 4,778/., and the British and Irish produce consumed there the same year only 13,4771., yet Parliament has granted altogether 232,6621. to Western Australia. The best means of improving this settlement is by establishing a good inland communication with South Australia, thus de veloping the internal resources of the colony. Steam communication with Mauritius is impracticable by reason of the distance (3,400 miles), want of coaling stations, violent adverse winds for a large part of the year, and absence of traffic. The same remarks apply to com munication with India. "PORT ESSINGTON.—The only remaining station in Australia to be noticed is in lat. 11 deg. 22 min. 21 sec. south, long. 132 deg. 12 min. east. It is 2,300 miles from Sydney, 1,800 from Singapore—and forms the northern link between our possessions on the eastern and western coasts of Australia, thus securing the N. and N.W. coasts, and closing the ring fence with which we have girt the island of New Holland. " The most striking feature of Northern Australia is an excellent harbour, sufficient to hold the largest fleet; since the establishment of the settlement, aid has been rendered to vessels in distress, and the surviving crews of shipwrecked vessels: good teak and oak for repairing ships are found on the spot. " Port Essington and the contiguous country was first taken psssession of in 1824, by Sir G. Bremer, but was not made a station of until 1838. The township (Victoria) is situate 16 miles from the harbour; this great distance was selected with a view of combining the advantages of a good soil, fresh water, and an easy approach for the ships in port. Shortly after the set tlement was formed. Lieut. Stewart, and a party ex plored the Coburgh Peninsula, on which Victoria is situated. The second day they crossed several running streams, with grassy patches, fine cedar trees, while thick woods of mangroves appeared on all sides. On the eastern side of the Peninsula, they found a rich and beautiful ,country, which reminded them of the South American forest rather than the Australian wood. " Their observations extended over about 80 miles. Lieut. Stewart says, there is abundance of fresh water on the Peninsula; the south side is the best locality; the trees are free from the white ant; and the cabbage palm abounds.' " Captain Grey says, the productions for the growth of which the country and climate seem best adapted, are cotton, sugar, indigo, and rice. The cotton-plant grows wild in the greatest abundance, and if a new plant were introduced the advantages would be incal culable.' " The Rev. Dr. Lang, whose exertions for the benefit of Australasia deserve the highest commendation, has recently arrived in England to urge the formation of a new settlement on the north-east coast of Australia for the growth of cotton and other such tropical products. " Captain Stokes, RN., says of Port Essington, it is in truth a magnificent harbour, and well worthy of having on its shores the capital of North Australia, destined to become a great commercial mart and naval station.' Its great size and admirable position render it a shelter for vessels in distress. " Dr. Leichardt's expedition overland from Sydney to Port Essington shows that there is excellent pasturage and water for cattle the whole way. Cotton andi ndigo have been found growing wild in the intermediate country, and the report on the cotton is very good. Chinese would make the best settlers on this part of Australia. " Port Essington possesses little influence at present, but experience has shown what great emporiums have grown up from small matters. 'Wherever a few English merchants settle, if left free, they plant the germ of future prosperity. There ought, however, to be a station at Cape York, and one at Wellesley Islands, at the head of the Gulf of Carpentaria. " We now pass from Australia to Van Diemen's Land, an island of the South Pacific, lying between 41 deg. and 44 deg. south latitude, and 144 deg. and 148 deg. east longitude. It is about 210 miles from north to south, and 150 east to west, and contains 24,000 square miles, or 15,000,000 acres—nearly as large as Ireland. For a length of time it was erroneously conjectured to form a portion of New Holland; Mr. Bass, a surgeon, discovered the strait which separates the island from the continent. Hobart Town, the capital of Van Diemen's Land, is 800 miles distant from Sydney, and is picturesquely situated on the river Derwent. The physical features are very beautiful, and in some places grand. The island reminded me of Great Britain more than any other country I have visited. It is well watered, and has several excellent harbours. " The colony is more agricultural than pastoral. The land is very productive, and although the progress of the colony has not been so rapid as New South Wales, it has been more steady. The island was colonized by by a detachment from New South Wales in 1803. The population in 1844 was 57,420 ; the exports in 1845, 242,5611., and the imports for the same year, 339,1191. " Wheat, oats, barley, flour, potatoes, cattle, wool, and oil, form its chief exports ; that of wool now amounts to nearly 5,000,0001b5. " Van Diemen's Land has a weekly communication with Adelaide and New South Wales, and would be much benefited by steam communication with India and England. "Late accounts state that the colonists had petitioned for a free emigration to be provided out of the surplus land fund. Wheat tillage last year exceeded 70,000 acres—produce 1,200,000 bushels, which was then fetch ing 4s. 6d. a bushel. " New Zealand islands, equal in extent to Great Bri tain and Ireland, next claim attention. There are three islands, lying north and south, extending from 35 deg. to 47 deg. south lat., and between 164 deg. and 176 deg. east long. The most northern island, Eainomawi, New Ulster, is about 400 miles long from north to south, and 5 to 30 miles broad. The middle island, New Munster, separated by Cook's Straits from the northern island, is about 500 miles long, varying in breadth from 50 to 120 miles. " The most southern island, or New Leinster, is not much larger than the Isle of Wight. "The North Cape (Otou) is situate in lat. 34 deg. 25 sec. 30 min. south, long. 173 deg. 9 sec. 48 min. east ; where the country terminate s in barren hills of sand and rock. This portion of the coast has a dreary aspect, but none of the shores of this country give any indica tion of the fertile interior. The east and west coasts are divided from each other by mountainous ridges ; in many places at the southward the altitude is such as to be continually covered with snow. "The greatest breadth is at the East Cape in 37 deg. 44 min. south, 178 deg. 36 min. west, where its estimated width is about 300 miles, but the average breadth is not more than 100 miles across. " The Bay of Islands, in latitude 35 deg. 10 min. south, longitude 171 deg. 30 min. east, is capacious, being nearly 12 miles in width ; it will accommodate the largest ships. The anchorages vary in depth from 5 to 25 fathoms. This has been a favourite resort for the ships of all nations for many years. " The North Island is so contracted a few miles from the North Cape, and at the Thames. the centre of the island on the east, and Kaipara and Manukou on the opposite shores on the west, that canoes are drawn by the natives across the narrow isthmus, which does net exceed three miles. The east coast is the best locality; the harbours indenting its shores are valuable, not being obstructed by sand-banks. New Zealand, lying s north and south for about 900 miles, enjoys a great variety of salubrious climate, is well adapted to European can• stitutions, capable of supporting a large and civilised community, and worthy of becoming the Britain of the south. " The New Zealand Company deserve great credit for their colonization of the country. The far-seeing mind and promptitude of B. S. Halswell, Esq., M.A. (who patriotically made a philanthropic voyage to our pos sessions in the southern hemisphere, with the primary object of ameliorating the condition of the aboriginal natives, and also with a view of understanding the nature of penal discipline there, Mr. llals we ll b e i ng an active magistrate of the Middlesex bench of magistrates in London), in conjunction with other spirited indi viduals, caused the dispatch of the ship Tory' on a preliminary expedition to New Zealand, May, 1839, and thus prevented those noble islands becoming a French colony. It is to be hoped that the diff,rences between her Majesty's Government and the New Zealand Com pany are now entirely at an end, and that the progress of the colony will he as rapid as that of its sister set tlements in Australia. "The number and tonnage of vessels inwards and outwards from one settlement in New Zealand, the port of Wellington, in 1846: Vessels. Tonnage. Men. Inwards from beyond the seas... 47 8,362 547 Coastwise ... 172 5,753 609 Total inwards ... 219 14,115 1,156 Outwards beyond the seas Coastwise ... ... -. 43 7,198 457 -. 179 6,559 625 Total outwards ... 222 13,757 1,082 " Timber, flax, wool, provisions, oil, grain, copper, &e., are the chief exports, and am oun t e d i n value last year to about 56,0001. Coal quite equal to that ob tained at Newcastle (New South Wales) abounds at the Nelson settlement, and has been burned on board her Majesty's steamers. The European population is about 14,000, and the natives, a bold, hardy race, capable of being trained to useful industry, and a totally different race from the Australians, who melt like snow before a summer sun, are estimated by Mr. Halswell at not more than 107,000. " Governor Grey has ably brought the war to a close, and it is to be hoped every aid will be given to the New Zealand Company to carry out colonization on a large scale with. those fine islands in the Southern Pacific, which are very near our antipodes. A Scotch colony is being now planted in Otago, in connexion with the Church of Scotland. This settlement, which comprises 400,000 acres, is situated on the middle island, and where there are not more than 1,000 natives. This system of colonizing, by providing religious instruction on the outset, is a revival of the ancient system of colo nizing ; and Captain Cargill, the leader of the colonists, will, it is to be hoped, have his noble efforts crowned with success. " Sir Robert Peel rightly said—' When I look to the extent of New Zealand, the line of the coast, the quan tity of land, but, above all, its position, I think it is destined to occupy a most important station in the world. Its relation with this dountry is most important.' • " The passage from New Zealand to Sydney is about a week; by means of the India and Australia Steam Company,' Auckland, the seat of Government, would have a regular post from London in less than 70 days. Such a measure would rapidly raise the value of all property in .the colony, and give a greatly enhanced importance to the lands of the New Zealand Company." HEALTH AND MORTALITY RE- TURNS FOR THE LAST QUARTER. The Registrar-General's report on the health and mortality in 117 districts of England for the quarter ending, Sept.,3o, 1847, has just been published. " The quarterly returns are obtained from 117 districts, sub-disided into 582 sub-districts. Thirty six districts are in the metropolis, and the remaining 81 . comprise, with some agricultural districts, the prineipa - 1 towns and cities of England. The popu- :ationwas 6,612,800 in 1841." The deaths, registered in this quarter were 49,479 ; a number less by one thousand nine hundred and forty-eight than were registered in the corresponding quarter of 1846; but 7,007 more than the corrected average of the September quarters of 1838-46. Upon the whole there is a slight improvement in the health of the country. The summer season of 1847 must, however, be considered on the whole unhealthy, ina-much as the deaths have exceeded the average proportion by 7,007, the actual number of deaths having been 49,479, whereas the average number deduced from the average of 1838-46, had the mortality been uniform, and had the numbers increased at the rate of 1-75 per cent. annually, would have been only 42,472. As compared with the corresponding quarter of last year, however, there is a decrease, the number of deaths during the quarter endin g Septem ber 30, 1i146, having amounted to 51,427. It , appears from the tables of mortality here given of the deaths in each quarter since 1838 that a small rise in the mortality took place in the spring after the mild winter of 184 G, that a sudden advance occurred in summer—that the mortality reached the maximum (56,105) in the winter of 1i347, and has since slowly subsided. In London, which includes the district of Lewisham, and the sub-district of Hampstead, there has been no sign of improvement; 10,957, 12,601, and 13,187 deaths were registered in the September quarters of 1845, 1846, and 1847. The deaths in the summer quarters of the three years from small-pox were 76, 51, and 320; measles, 688, 78, and 521 ; scarla tina, 194, 208, and 316 ; diarrhoea, 449, 1,5-19, and 1,196 ; cholera, 26, 197, and 98 ; dysentery, 43, 75, and 143 ; remittent fever, 8, 12, 23 ; typhus, 273, 403, and 895 ; erysipelas, 56, 92, and 126; the zymotic class of diseases generally, 2,409, 3,234, and 4,061. The deaths from diseases of the respiratory organs were nearly stationary; 1,558, 1,784, and 1,581 persons died of consumption ; 1,111, 977, and 1,071 persons died of inflammatory and other diseases of the lungs. Two, three, and sixteen deaths were directly ascribed to various kinds of privation in the three last September quarters. The increase in the deaths by external violence, which were 342, 403, and 425, may have arisen from erysipelas and other affections supervening on accidents in an unusual proportion. In the first nine weeks of the quarter the mean temperature of the atmosphere, and of the waters of the Thames, was above 60 deg. ; the mortality in London from diarrhoea, dysentery, and cholera, rose from 17 on the first to 188 on the seventh week of the quarter, and gradually fell to 107 on the last week. Typhus raged with unusual virulence. The weekly deaths were never below 50, and in the third week of September 111 persons died of this disease. The weekly average was 30 for the same quarter of five preceding years. The epidemic of fever has been more fatal in Lan cashire than in London. In Manchester, Salford, and Chorlton, 4,154 deaths were registered:from all causes. Diarrhoea and fever were the prevalent dis eases. Typhus carries off men and women in the prime of life. Diarrhoea destroys more children, and becomes dangerous to adults in the form of cholera. Liverpool—created in haste by commerce ; by:men too intent on immediate gain ; reared without any very tender regard for flesh or blood; and flourishing while her working population was rotting in cellars —has been severely taught the lesson that a part of the population, whether in cellars or on distant shores, cannot suffer without involving the whole community in calamity. In itself one of the un healthiest towns of the kingdom, Liverpool, has for a year been the hospital and cemetery of Ireland. The s d ol f: e 69 a lG3 t 89 h 4 4 s , registered 72 ,0T 9 endingh se 2i 4n 6 i n, and populationtn hd Septembere four o2 7L35i Liverpool s u ri quarters r t t to e 3hl r , e s ( )w6t o ahB f s 742 1 e: 84 4 30 2 , 09a5,rvi4at, quarters were the last census. It is impossible to represent more correctly than is done by the short notes of the re gistrars the piteous spec tacle which this great town presented ; with the floating lazarettos on the Mersey, the workhouses crowded with destitute paupers, the three large " sheds which will hold 300 persons, nearly full of patients at the present time," and the fever " getting ~ m ore prevalent among the upper classes." The mortality remains high in Birmingham, Dud ley, Wolverhampton, Shrewsbury, in many of the towns of Lancashire, in Leeds, Hull, York, and Sun derland. The returns from the other towns of the kingdom present nothing unusual, the mortality being much the same as in previous years. This re fers to the relative mortality. The absolute mortality is always higher by from 10 to 50 per cent. in towns than in open country districts. This is illustrated by a comparison of the deaths registered in London during the last 13 weeks, and of the deaths which would have happened if the rate of mortality had been the same as in Dorsetshire, one of the agricul tural counties, in which the wages are low, and in which the condition of the labourer is far from what it is desirable that it should be. 'l'ne total number of deaths registered in London during the 13 weeks ending September 30, 1847, was 13,187 ; the number, had the mortality been at the same rate as in Dorsetshire, would have been only 8,109, showing an excess of 5,078 deaths as against London. 3,506 children under 15 years of age were de stroyed in London, in addition to 3,078 carried off by causes which may be supposed to be the same a those fatal in the country. Th e morta li ty is equal at the age 15-35, when L on d on rece i ves healthy re cruits from the vari ous coun ti es. After the 35 the mortality i s 45 per cent. higher in L a o g n e d o o n than in Dorsetshire. If the chance hat a man above 35 will die in th country during the summer quar ter be represented by 2, the chance that he will die in London is nearly 3. It may be admitted that part of the London population is poisoned by alcohol, and that in their houses and persons they are dirtier than the country people ; still the great excess of mortality, and in part, perhaps, the intemperance and impurity must be ascribed to the crowding, the want of water, decaying animal and vegetable matters un iremoved, and the inefficiency of the sewers, which neither carry off the solid, liquid, or gaseous matters poured into or generated within them every day. If