The Sun. — London, England, 1840-06-10 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION. HOME COLON ZATION. - ~- (rno7.* A CONIESTONDENT.) Debate eller debate has taken place, hud will yet take pl ace , upon the subject of emigration, end it is net improbable that, as hitherto, nothing will ever be done in this point materially to advance the interests of the masses. There is one most important consideration generally neglected in the discussion, namely, that over- Population is not real (for there is room in England for every Englishman within it), but virtual, arising atom vicious, social, or legislative arrangements. One of these in itself, the Corn-kw restriction, it might be shown, takes elbow room from millions. We would not overlook the truth, that colonization, conducted as it has been of late upon the improved Principles developed by Mr. Gibbon Wakefield, has done much and will do mote ; but the Wakefield sys , tern must itself be materially modified before it can feet any lasting or extensive benefit except to capita lists ; and we believe, -moreover, that it would not be difficult, and it would be more profitable, to make the Application of these principles at home. There are, it has been calculated, .5,000,000 of waste acres in this country, capable of bearing grain. Here, it might be said, there is room for colonies where there Would be no dearth of labour. Were the Government tir a Company to expend some capital in rendering these 'lands fit for ready cultivation, by furrow draining, &c., and forming them, as is done in the New Zealand scheme, into town and country f•ections, to be sold to capitalists and others, they would find it for their own profit, and for the wide advantage of the community. To assist the smaller capitalists and men whose main capital is in their head and hands, such a plan as the following might be adopted, to one somewhat resembling which, pursued among:the Hindoos, in taxation, has been attributed much of the great productiveness of that country. Make advances of land, of money, and of other aid to analall incorporations, say of five or six individuals, men ief known character and skill, and industry, the value to be repaid by instalments upon their mutual guaran tee. The repayment might be made t y means of annuities, deferred for a few years, calculated on their joint lives, so as to leave their property unburdened to their heirs. Encouraged and assisted in this manner, 'and acting in a fair field vr . rh concert and co-operation, the increasing value of their hind or good will, would become to the Government or the Company an addi tional security ; nor would it be deemed Utopian to an ticipate the regular payment of the annuities from the united labours of men as to whose ability and inte grity the lenders had previously satisfied themselves. COURT CIRCULAR. • The Queen Dowager, accompanied by the Duchess Ida of 'Saxe Weimar, and attended by the Viscountess Barring ton, visited her Majesty yesterday afternoon at Bucking ham Palace. The Queen Dowager was received at the Palace by the Hon. Miss Cocks, Hon. Miss Cavendish, Lord Lilford, Colonel Buckley, Sir Frederick Stovin, and Sir Edward Bowater. The Queen and Pinee Albert took an airing yesterday afternoon in an open carriage and four. Viscount Melbourne had an audience yesterday of her Majesty. Her Majesty and Prince Albert, accompanied by the Prince of Leiningen, honoured the Italian Opera with their ' presence last evening. The Royal Suite included the Marchioness of Normanby, Hon. Miss Cocks, Hon. Miss Cavendish, Lord Lilford, Sir Frederick Stovin, Colonel Buckley, and Sis Edward Bowater. Lord Lilford and Sir Frederick Stovin have succeeded tie Marquis of Headfort and the Hon. General Sir Wil hi.tn Lumley as the Lord and Groom in Waiting on her 5 1. jetty. The. Queen Dowager, accompanied by the Duchess Ida and Prince Edward of Saxe Wiemar, arrived in town at half past eleven o'clock yesterday morning►, from Bushy Park. Her Majesty and the Duchess Ida visited the buchess of Kent at Ingestre House. Her Maj:sty, Accompanied by Prince Edward of Saze Wiemar, also paid a visit to the Princess Augusta, at Clarence House, St. James's. The Queen Dowager, accompanied by the - Duchess Ida, and Prince Edward of Saxe Wiemar, left Marlborough House shortly before six o'clock, in an open carriage and four with outriders, on her return to Bushy Park. ner Majesty the Queen Dowager did Mr. W. C. Ross, A. It. A., the honour of sitting yesterday for the finishing of her' orotrait. The prtra't of his Royal Highness Prince Albert, engraved by Mr. Wagstaff, was yesterday submitted to the : Queen. by Mr. Graves, when her Majesty was graciously pleased to express her approval. His Royal Highness Prince Albert was also pleased to express his satisfaction of the engraving from Mr. Patten's picture. Her Majesty was pleased to inspect on Monday an en graved portrait of Sir Thomas Phillips, the Mayor of New port, from a painting by Mr. Francis Williams. The Prince of Leiningen visited the Duchess of Kent yesterday. The Duchess of Gloucester and the Duke of Cambridge paid visits to the Princess Augusta yesterday. The Lord Advocate of Scotland had an interview with Viscount Melbourne yesterday, in Downing-street. "'I The Lord Mayor, Mr. Jephron, and Mr. Scholcfield had " interviews yesterday with the Marquis of Normanby, at the 1 . Home Office. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVALS. W. Worrell, Esq.. at Long•ii Hotel ; the 12,:r. Tuffnell, at ditto ; Sir Montague Cholmondeley, at the Burlington Hotel ; the Hon. Mr. Jocelyn, at ditto ; Lady 14 ; Berkeley, from Coyn • Lord and Lady Corry, in Clif -14, ford-street; Sir Clifford and Lady Constable, and Miss 'oe Chichester, in Cumberland-place ; Sir George and Lady lit, Tyler, from the West Indies ; Sir Joshua and Lady Rowe, ,Aud suite, from Jamaica ; Lord Lynedoch, and Mr. Robert k Graham, in Clifford-street ; Mr. Tomline, M.P., on At, Carlton-terrace; Mr. Lyne Stephens, in Portman-squa:e, • fro m the Continent. DEPARTURES. The Earl of Newburgh, from the Burlington Hotel, for Hass3p Hall, Derbyshire ; Lord Seaham, for Oxford ; Lord and Lady Clonbrock, for Wychwood Park ; lion. • Capt. Spencer, for ditto; lion. Miss Spencer, for Bien . he!m ; French, Esq., from the Burlington Hotel, for Chapel House, Hants ; Mrs. Sheppard, from ditto, for • the Continent, Lady Caroline and Misa Hamilton, for `lames Park ; Lady Courtown and Lord Stafford, on a Continental tour; the Hon. Captain and Lady Emmeline Stuart Wortley, from Whalncliffc House, for Germany; Lord Ashtown, from the Burlington Hotel. for Dublin ; Sir Charles and Lady Aldisloft, Old Burlington-street, Ifor Belgium and France. M. Gaetan Murat, nephew of the ex-'4ing o i l ‘ i l aPles. and who is residing in the department of th e Loi, as sent a letter to the Cuurrier Francais, with a subscrip tion of 500 fr. towards the fund which it was intended to raise for th e translation of the remains of Napoleon.— Galignani: " The sword," says the Courricr Francais, "which General Bertrand has presented to the King, was laid nnon the bed of Napoleon during his last illness, and after his death the English intended to seize and retain it ; but the Ge neral, with pious fraud, substituted his own for it. Napoleon's sword ha s eng raved upon it, in letters of gold, Austerlitz 2 Decembre 1805.' The hilt is of solid gold, simple in form, but • inlaid with three antique medals, bearing the effigies of Han nibal, Cmsar, and Alexander."— Galignani. MANCHESTER AND BIRMINGHAM RAlL wAy.—The traffic on the Manchester and Birmingham Rail :way since the opening of the line to Stockport, , on Thursday tut, has been very great, (far surpassing the most sanguine anticipations) ; each day, except Friday, the number of passen gers has exceeded 2,000, and yesterday about 3,400 were eon ' xeyed by the Company. It is in contemplation to open the railway betwixt Glaezow and Paisley in the first week of July. — Scots man. i,It..4.NSMISSION OF THN MAILS TO NORTH AMPRICA.,—The contract entered into about a twelvemonth since with 3lr. Samuel Cunard, for the conveyance of the mails by steam-packets ot'3oo-horse power, and upwards, from England to NoTtlt America, will come into operation imme diately, the Britannia steam-ship having arrived at Liverpool .• to carry out the first mail, and she is to be followed by the Arca , dia, Caledonia, and Columbia, all large powerful vessels. . The terms of the contract are, that the mails shall be conveyed twice in every month from Liverpool to Halifax, and from Halifax to Boston ; and, while the St. Lawrence is navigable _ in smaller steam-vessels, from Picton in Nova Scotia to Quebec. The mails to return by the saute route twice a month to Liver al• The contract is for seven years certain, and the contr-c -tor is to be paid for performing the service at the rate of 6.0,000/, per annum. WEYOUTII, JUNE B.—A sturgeon was for wardet! on Saturday last, by Mr. John Allen, fishmonger of Weymouth, In G. W. Hope, Esq., M.P., for presentation to bey Majesty, m`asuring 6 feet 6 inches long, and weighing 160Ibs. It was co:7lklered one of the finest fish that h ad Le caught for many years. !t was packed alive, dced d Lon en lion in excellent condition. • THEANTARCTICEXPgDITION.—Mr. Enderby lax itted out an expedition for the purpose of exploring the antarctic regions. France and the United States have recently sent out ships of discovery to the same latitudes ; and it is be lieved that Captain d'Urville, the commander of the French expedition, has discovered an island to the southward of Van rhemen's Land. The expedition, of which Mr. Enderby is the promoter, will entail ne expense on the English Govern tnenr, while it will carry out all the views which Government entertained when Captain Ross wns sent net. The officer to whom Mr. Enderbr s expedition has been entrus ted, is car tain Mapleton, a fel ow-voyager with Captain Robs. .Hyde Park, ye'..tetday afternoon, from five to seven, the fashionable time, was crowded with splendid equi l'agPs and gay equestrians. The Duke of St. Alban's drove The his buchess a low-bodied p haeton, drawn by grays. Queen of Beauty, Lady Seymour, and her sister, were a "'oval, accompanied by Lord Seymour and Mr. C. Sheridan, Her Majesty and Pr-Mee Albert drove th rou g h the park at sit o'clock in an open carriage and four. with out-riders. Among the numerous fan' rquestrizas we observed the Mar chioness of Douro and bee sister, . Lady Louisa Hay. ac• companied by the Marquis ; Orimston, Lady Georgiana Greir Ladies Campbell, Lady Mary who rode with Earl Orel ; • I ..ady W. Stanhope, Hon. Miss "LaleYr the Barones! , Ln - . 'Tenzer, accompanied by Lord Falmouth, &c. A considerable_ number of fashionables drew up their iroe4s, o Pl'n'it e Ken sington -gardens to hear the band of the Ufa Guards 'lay mar tial music. THE EARL OF DURHAM.--WC are happy to able l to inform our readers that his Lora ship con tinued gra to improve in health when the last acc ount reached the ly .Tnetnbers of the family, which was up to last evening. The Noble Earl's intended visit to Carlsbad is given up, at the re quest of his Lordship's medical advisers, and gra soon as his - . 1: enrdship can bear the fatigue of travelling he will go t 4 Cones, of Wight, accompanied by th,• Countess of Durham tw,. Viscount and Ladies Lambton. Shoald the change of air have It . beneficial effect on the health of the Noble Earl , he will re !ate there some time; if not, he will go, in all probability, to Lambton Castle. Sit Robert Peel, Bart., M.P., and Lad , : and Miss Peel, are expected to leave Drayton Manor, this morning, ort their return to Whitehall-gardens. .~~~ STEAM NAVIGATION. ( From the "liierfitiol Standard, June 9, 1 3 40. ) ARRIVAL OF THE " ARCHIMEDES AT LIVERPOOL, AND ENYEE! MENTAL TRIAL OF HER POWERS It has long been acknowledged by teen wno are conver sant with mechanical principles, that the common piddle wheel, or rather water-mill wheel, which has hitherto been the instrument of propulsion for our steam-vessels, whether in rivers or on the ocean, is beset with certain disadvanta ges, which, however the principle might be modified, pre sented great, if not insurmountable obstacles, either to in creased speed beyond a limited rate of velocity; or mate rial reduction in the power, weight, and size of the engine, consumption of fuel required ; ;or, consequently, of in creased capacity for stowage without great addi:ional cost, and a vast increase of tonnage. The principal disadvantages alluded to we need i,ut briefly notice. The principle of the paddle-e heel is obviously imperfect as a mode of ship propulsion. If the wheel be proportionately small, its operation is principally to tear up or scratch the water : if large, this defect is partially re medied, but far front wholly. The fact is, the first opera tion of a revolving p; ddle-wheel is, to a certain extent, to smash down the water, and its lest operation is, to a cer tain (and a greater) extent, to lift the sate.—elevating a sort of fountain cr cascade abaft the paddle-box, all of which involves' an expenditure of steam power to a consi derable extent, without propelling the vessel. The in creasing of the size of the wheel, so that at length a sm a ll but wide portion or segment of the periphery comes in con tact with the water, diminishes this cisadvant age, but at the expense of additional leverage against the engine—that leverage to be overcome being half the diameter, or the distance from the paddle-shaft to the floats or paddle bands. There is nothing, therefore, for it, but sheer tear ing force of steam. Various modifications of the paddle-wheel have been produced—some with paddle-boards 20 contrived that they dipped perpendicularly into the water, and so rose out of it ; others with the boards placed obliquely, and others placed or worked in various ingenious ways, to remedy one or other of the defects already alluded to. These, how ever, from their complicated structure, and liability to de rangement and breakage, have generally been abandoned; though we must notice the dividing of the original "one" paddle-board into two or three like steps, with interstices between, as a decided improvement, in the freeing of the wheel from water, the plan of our townsman, Mr. Shaw, of the Dublin Steam-packet Company, a gentleman of much experience in ocean steam-navigation. Another objection to the paddle-wheel is its weight and unwieldy bulk, rising over the upper works of a vessel, and presenting a rather unseemly hump, like that el the drome dary. True, this has in modern large vessels been winch reduced ; but it is still a top weight—still does the paddle box present a large surface to a beam wind, without the possibility of " taking in a reef"—and still is a vessel, with such an incumbrance, liable so to roll about, or to be thrown so far on one side, that one of the wheels may be thrown for a time out of the water, to the detriment of the engine and its working. Another, and the final objection to the paddle, is, that the vessels so propelled cannot carry sail to any extent, without an equal derangement of their lateral —in other words, they must be worked so, that the wheels must, vs far as possible, have an equal hold of the water on each side—which cannot be maintained with a lateral pres sure of sail. Great, indeed wonderful, improvements have been made in marine engines: and steam navigation has, consequently, gone on inerensing and extending its rami fications and beneficial effects to the remotest quarters of the globe. All that. we contend is, that there was room for improvement, indeed for entire novelty, in the " mode of propulsion," and that therefore every new and inge nious application of a known mechanical agent, or instru ment, or invention cf a new one, that may produce in crease of speed, with economy in fuel, and consequent saving of stowage, should be fostered by an intelligent public, without any feeling of jealousy, as an accession of maritime and commercial power ; an additional means of natural wealth, and natural protection ; and greater than all, as a means of approximating country to country, and disseminating the blessings of civilization, religion, and good-will amongst the great family of mankind. These remarks have been suggested by tne arrival at our port, since our last publication, of the Archimedes, steam yacht, and the pleasure we yesterday experienced in wit nessing her performance on our river. It would be presump tion in us to assume, from her success hitherto, that her mode of propulsion is so far superior to that now in use, that it must be generally adopted. We will not go so far until further experiments, and, doubtless, further improve ments in that mode have become developed. We are bound, however, to state, that so far the superiority of this novel application appeared to many practical nautical gen tlemen, and others versed in steam navigation, to be al together decisive. 'I here can be no doubt of its superio rity, if once fully brought out with those improvements which practical experience will suggest; and even now, as will be found in the sequel, the Archimedes has outrun several crack steamers in our river, and has, moreover, shown that she is a fast sailer under canvas, and indepen dently of steam. But we must permit our readers to judge for themselves, THE ARCHIMEDES. The application of the •' Archimedean screw" for the propulsion of vessels, was first tried by Mr. Francis P. Smith. the present patentee, about four years ago, on a boat 32 feet in length, and about six tons burthen. The screw was worked by a two-horse engine, and such wa3 the success of the first experiment on this small scale, that the present vessel was finally projected and completed. Mr. Smith, an intelligent young man, having, by that per severance with is peculiar to genius, overcome numerous obstacles, opposed by prejudice and opinion, and by con. stant devotion to his object and a great outlay of capital, achieved what may assuredly be esteemed a triumph of modem n science. The Archimedes is rigged as a smart three-masted schooner, with her masts raking. She is of a beautiful model, and, having no paddle boxes, she has the appear. ance of a pleasure yacht, the flue being comparatively slender. The following are her dimensions :777. Length over all - 125 feet -- between perpendiculars lO7 Extreme breadth Depth of hold Draft of water (average) Capacity Power of engines The mode of propulsion is by, it might be said, a portion only of the Archimedean screw. When the ves sel was first tried, a full turn of that species of screw like a patent cork-screw, on a central straight spin dle) was employed. The inventor afterwards, for the sake of compactness, introduced the double-threaded screw of half a turn' to each thread, as more applica ble to this vessel, although he rather prefers the other. This is of iron, and is fixed in the run of the vessel, in the dead wood in front of the stern post, and works trans versely with the kid, radiating the water in every direc t on. The diameter of the screw (which is on the prin ciple of the scull) is five feet nine inches, and its length five feet. It would almost appear impossible that so small a portion of machinery could propel a vessel of such length, but the hold it takes of the water, and the velocity with uhich it tun a gives it great advantages. It is quite under the surface, md is therefore invisible by spectators either on board or on shore. It is worked by a spindle, forming its axle, running fore and aft, and its velocity is acquired by spur wheels and pinions. Each revolution of the larger wheel, turned by the cranks of the engines, gives by the multiplied power, five and one-third revolu tions of the screw. The hole or aperture required for the screw is square, and the operation of the propeller does not appear to interfere with the steering, which is managed with the facility of a small boat. The shafts of the engine work, fire and aft—the cranks working transversely, so as to communicate the power directly by the cog wheels to the screw. The larger wheel is toothed or cogged with horn beam (timber). The engines are compact, but of short stroke, and not, we think, equal to what we could accomplish in our good old term, " if we were put to the screw." The whole apparatus, indeed, is necessarily as a new application capable of improvement, which will gain both compactness and speed, and arc already obvious to the inventor and his friends—though even now the Ar. c himedes is n crack steamer. The vessel has given origin to " the Ship Propeller Company." THE TRIP YESTERDAY. By special invitation, a number of gentlemen and their friends, including ladies, went an board about noon. The vessel was lying moored to the buoy off George's-pier, and " set screw " about twenty minutes afterwards. Cap tain Chappel, R.N., who has accompanied the vessel by direction of the Admiralty, from London and other in termediate ports, including Bristol and Plymouth, to re port upon her capabilities, was on board, and was unre mitting in his polite attention to all on board—explaining to them, in conjunction with Mr. Smith, the inventor, the whoie principle of the propelling mechanism. The 114 y was delightfully fine ; the deck and cabin of the vessel roomy and cemfortable, and the whole trip highly pleasant and exhilarating. There wire from fifty to sixty ladies sad gentlemen on board, and all appeared highly to enjoy the experimental trip. There were on board representatives of the first commercial, steam navigation, and engine and ship-build ing houses, in the town. We noticed among t those pre sent, the Mayor, Captain Bevis, R.N., Mr. Fawcett, Mr. Wiltwick, Mr. Samuel Turner, Mr. H. Littledale, Mr. Brocklebank, Mr. Jno. Pollock, Captain Fayrer, Captain Engledue, Mr. Aspinall, Mr. Byron, Mr. Gusrew (of Scotland), Mr. Wilson, Mr. Smyth, and many other gen tlemen. Amongst the ladies were several of Captain Bevis's family. The vessel first steamed up to Birkenhead, at a good speed, and afterwards ran back to opposite the George's Pier, and thence down the river and North Channel, and round the Formby Light Ship. Her utmost :Teed was about nine and a half knots. She was looked upon with astonishment by hundreds on the quays, and others on shipb, and who had not before seen her. On returning up the river, the guests were invited to the spacious cabin, and partook of a sumptuous cold col lation, with wine, &. The mayor proposed " Success to the Archimedes, and to the spirited company who had sent her out," which was drunk with enthusiasm. A second set of gncsts afterwards sat down, and numerous toasts were drunk. On running down, the Archimedes beat the swiftest of' the Egremont boats, and on going up to the Sloyne, she passed her Majesty's tender the Rea Wing, Indeed, no boat on the river had any chance with her. She turned in a very short space of Teem. After another run past the piers and down to the Rock, the, steam um entirely put off and she beat up under sail—back to the loyne . iti good style, showing good sailing qualities, though cramped for sea-room. She then returned to her moorings off the pier, and landed her passengers—all highly delighted with the trip and the success of the experiment. The only disagreeable sensation is a rumbling noise made by the cog-wheels, which, however, engineers state may be overcome or greatly reduced. ;;: T e had purposed to be much more minute, but must for 60 ourselves to a few additional par ticulars. The screw on the same princip!e may be applied to sharp_ sailing vessels with advantage. The propelling power is ,he vessel leaning to leeward. The screw may fie titrow;' tof sear in two minutes, so that the yes- THE SUN, LONDON, W 4 DNESDAY!_ JUNE 10, 1840. sel may be put under sail alone,. The screw is then turned by the motion of the vessel; but the drag is ant more than A a mile in 10. The Arch:titedts. has steamed 101 knots, has gone under sail and steam conjointly 11 knot,:, and has gone 9 under sail. There are several ves ,, els in L-m -don, to which the Pri"c4!le it about to he apptied : many naval officers have highly approved of it ; and eve learn that Admiral Sir E. Codrington has expresbed an opinion to the Admiralty th,:t a f►':get ought to be immediately fitted out with the " screw." We understand that it is probable the Archimedes may make another trip before leaving this port, for the gratifi cation of parties interested in steam navigation—probably to. morrow. NEWS FROM 'Ti l l MEDITERAA- NEAN. MALTA, JUNE I, 1840.—We are only allowed time to announce the arrival to-day, at one P. NI., of the Volcano steamer from Alexandria. She brings a mail from India despatched from Bombay on the Ist ultimo by the Zeno hut steamer a hich arrived at Suez on the 221 The Volcano lett Alexandria on the 26th, and the Alecto steamer, will proceed with the mail to Marseilles this afternoon. Tile mail from India to this having to be fumigated (which might be avoided if it were made up at. Bombay in a sealed box addressed to Malta, instead of being opened at Alexandria,) will, we fear, be delivered too late to enable us to announce the intelligence brought by it, but from Egypt we hear that Cairo had been set on fire in four places, in consequence of which the Pacha had left Alexandria for Cairo on the 26th. Passengers arrived at Suez in the Zenobia:—Colonel and Mrs. Sandwith, Dr. Driver, Hon. G. Upton, Mr. and Mrs. Kerr, Mr. and Mrs. King, and two children, Captains J. Hall, W. Hamilton, Johnson, Raitt, J. Haw kins, and A. S. Hawkins ; Lieuts A. Joy, H. Kitchener, Robertson, Gale, Newbold, and Moore ; Rev. W. Hum phrey ; Messrs. Thompson, Grey, Shute, De Burgh, Bonny, Dcsumicr and Miss Powell. it was reported at Alexandria, that one of the pessengers (a French gentleman) ha►d died in the desert from the effects of a coup de soleil, thermometer 120. Passengers arrived by the Volcano from Alexandria : Col. R. Benson (late British Resident at Ava), Messrs. Robert Willmat and E. G:irston, Sigr. arid Sigra. Mer line, Sigra. Marrianna Mainuch, Achmet Effendi, Kalid Effendi, and Tahir Effendi.. The Blazer steamer, Lieut.-Com. M. Waugh, ar rived at Malta from Smyrna on the 27th ult., and pro- ceeded far Woolwich on the 30th (calling at Gibraltar.) The following passengers embarked in her;—Mr. Gor don Forbes, Mr. F. Forbes, and three Misses Forbes, Mrs. and Miss Bourchier, Count Pisani, dragoman to the Bri tish Ernhas,N at Constantinople, Count Nugent, Captain Nurse, R N., Capt. Brenaw, 62d Regt., Lieut. .Skip_ with, R.N., Mr. George Sogue, Messrs. Wilson, Watford, Lewis, Isaacson, and White, R.N., three invalid seamen, and eight marines. The T'olcano arrived at Alexandria on the 19th ult., with the London mails of the 4th, Those for India were despatched on the same day to Suez. ANTI-SLAXERY.-6'CONNELL. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR—The late Anti-slavery Meeting at Exeter-hall was attended with circumstances pre-eminently dis graceful to the conductors. There was a meeting held under the presidency of Prince Albert—his first ap pearance in any public matter. A great movement was to be made for the relief of the negro quivering under the lash of savage oppressors, or almost expiring in the horrors of the middle passage. The managers dis claimed all political feeling, and, indeed, could not, in the nature of things, do otherwise. So, among others, Mr. O'Connell signified his desire to be on the plat form. He was allowed this privilege, indeed, but on the express condition that he should not speak. How ever greatly Mr. O'Connell may be disliked by many persons, yet no one can pretend to deny, that on such an occasion he would have been a most efficient ally, and one whom all sincere friends to this holy cause would eagerly have put forth to address the meeting. But other and malign infleences prevailed. Thg,account of what passed will probably reach foreign countries. Now, let us suppose a British Minister pressing on some foreign Power hearty co-operation in the total abolition of slavery, and stating that the earnest wishes of the English nation require him to hold such lan guage. " The English nation, Mr. Ambassador !" might the Diplomatist reply, " talk not to me of the wishes of your nation. Was not a great meeting held in your capital, presided over by the husband of your Queen, professedly open to men of all political opinions ; and yet at this very meeting the ablest advocate of the cause which your nation possesses was, by express condition, prohibited from speaking! Sir Robert Peel, hitherto hostile or silent, was allowed to address the meeting, while O'Connell, an earnest and powerful Anti-slavery zealot, was not. No, Mr. Ambassador ; it is too plain that this, like other matters in your country, is a mere stalking-horse and party question ; and that your remonstrances should be treated by us ac cordingly." To a reply—such in substance, if not in lan guage, there could be no rejoinder. Thus these drivelling imbeciles rivet the chains of the negro, agonize the hearts of his true friends, and all because, so far from being influenced by any zeal in this holy cause, or any feelings of humanity, they arc so besotted by impotent rancour, as not to be able to conduct their hatred of O'Connell on any occasion. I am, Sir, your humble servant, A CONSTANT READER. June, 6, 1840. f3PIRIT off the PUBLIC JO URN A LS. FROM THE MO/INING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. ( From the Illorninti Chronicle.) The main objects of Lord Stanlev's Irish I?,,:g7stration Bill art these to 7 : ast, to subj,:ct the registered else_ w ro tors to repeated investigations of their franchisa. Sccondill, to draw to a technical tribunal, of which he knows the nu:- jority will decide one war, a tiues•ion of disputed construc tion of his own Reform - Act. Toc first must ruin the po pular franchise in every county of Ireland : the framers of this Bill know %veil that a man who has once passed through the ordeal of a registry court thus. will not return to it. The vexatious assaults upon his tile to property which no one ever before d reame d of questionitos—the insulting , overbearing, bullying cross-examination . of practitioners of the law, employed apparently for the very purpose of making registry a work odious and difficult—the whis perings of prudent friends—the powers of the landlord— the lash of the agent—ail constitute a system of terror which the framers of this Bill well know must lay the popular suffrage prostrate under the hoot of a dominant faction, unless excitement of the most ihflsnimatory character be applied to bear down, as it has so often done, all that can be attempted by the wealth of the few against the spirit and union of the people. The second aim of Lord Stanley's Bill is directed to the ruin of the franchise in another way, by giving to the T o ry Judges, according to such arrangeme n t s o f success i ve c i rcu i ts as th e y may settle amongst themselves, the complete, absolute, irre sponsible power of winnowing all the constituencies of Ireland by rules of their own making. and effecting whole sale disfranchisement under colour of law. flow tar such a tr bunal ought to be entrusted with such a power—how far the House of Commons ought to consign the cons itu encies of one hundred and five of its own Members to the absolute disposal—without appeal—of such a tribunal, ' some opinion may be formed from the manlier in which this very tribunal has already dealt with the Irish Reform Act. (From the Morning Advertiser.) Among the enormities alleged to be daily perpetrated by the \Vhigs and their supporters, it cannot assuredly be laid to their charge that they put themselves to much trouble to conciliate public support by administering to the prejudices or corrupting the opinion of the masses by false pretences to libsrality and mock affectation of ultra hene soleace. Satisfied with the soundness of their principles, and the honesty of their purposes, they leave them to work their own way, regardless of the light in which they may be viewed, and of the opposition with which they may have to contend. They scent to be of opinion that they ought to stand upon their own merits, or rather that their self-evident merits ought to command their justification, without any efforts on their pa.t to.s no sup port them by person or by purse. . Now all this I ' doubt very honest, and very patrtatic, and very inde pendent, and very becoming ; but we beg to inform those who are she patrons and practiscrs of this system, that it is not only vary different from that adopted by the Tories, but that, however beautiful in theory, it will not answer in practice; and that if a different course b e not speedily adopted, the principles, as well as the meh who are their organs and supporters, will be overthrown by the more ar dent and persevering policy of those who are determined, if possible, to uproot them. The Tories, to do them jus tice, support the sentiments which they profess most man fully. They are instant in season and out of season. (From the Morning Herald.) The Corn-laws raise wages. The enemies of the Corn laws admit this fact, in their own peculiar fashion. The enemies of the Corn-laws, for instance, complain that the Corn-laws keep in cultivation throughout England large tracts of bad land. The worse the land, however, the larger the amount of labour necessarily expended on it, so long as it is cultivated. The cultivation of inferior soils, in other words, creates a wide market for labour; and this widened market for labour adds, of necessity, to the market value of the labourer. The Corn-laws, there fore, by the admission of the anti-Corn-law faction, raise wages. Turn we to our manufacturing system, and we find, that the rnme that system is extended, the lower become the wages of the great mass of the operatives engaged in it. The hand-loom weavers could earn, each man, five and twenty years ago, from thirty to forty shil lings a week. The same amount of skill and industry will now command in the market no higher reward than from four to eight shillings. The handloom weavers compre hend, moreover, upwards of eight hundred thousand human beings. Such are the fruits of " cheap production"—of the triumohs of machinery"---of that sy stem, i n s h or t, on which the leaders of the anti-corn-law agitation fatten. Here is " blood-sucking" with a vengeance ! Had such a revolution as that under which the hand-bom weavers have sunk, been witnessed in the agricultural districts, what a cry against the landowners should we not have heard ! MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS• (TuEsoAY EvENtNc;.) TIMES.—By the adviccs from Hamburgh the price of gold is 431 per mark, which, at the English Mint price Of 3/. 17s. 10Id. the ounce for standard gold, gi ves an ex change of 13.8, and the course of exchange at Hamburg on London being 13.6, it follows that gold is 0.93 per cent. dearer at Hamburgh than in London. The premium on gold at Paris is 91 per mille, which, at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 10V. the ounce for standard gold, gives an exchhnge of 25.39, and the course of exchange at Paris on London at short being 25.25, it follows that gold i: 0.56 per cent. dearer at Paris than in London. Consols left off to-day at 911 (buyers). Very little business has been done, and monoy is worth about 5 per cent. in the English house. The leading jobbers are of opinbn. that had not the public availed themselves largely of the Bank loans, and since that period of the late an nouncement, considerably greater pressure would now have been experienced, and they by no means feel confident that such pressure will not now come on, even with such a re source at hand. Exchequer Bills have declined is., and are 23e. to 255. prem. ' The gradual increase of indigo in Java is said to be important; the produce ten years age was under 1,000 chests, but it has so much increased within that short period, that in the last year of which advices have been re ceived the export to Holland was 5,000 chests. SUN.—The Foreign Exchanges were better as regarded Holland and Germany, but not quite so good with respect to bills on France. The more current rates at which paper was negotiated were 25 92A- on Paris ; 13 9+ on Hamburgh ; 12 14 to '2 on Am sterdam ; and MI on Frankfort. The accounts received to-day from the New Aus tralian settlements are very satisfactory. There was a slight improvement in the English Market this afternoon, Consols for the opening having been done at 914 buyers. Exchequer Bills continued rather depressed at 2.35. 255,, but Indi ► &tuts brought 2s. to 4s. premium. The Market for Spanish Bonds has rather improved this afternoon, the Actives having touched 27?-, As the grand marts for these securities—Paris and London—are now closed by the determination of the Stock Exchange Committee to prevent all business in them, it is evident they must be charged to the do mestic debt, on which the interest will hava to be re gularly liquidated, thus taking awny another slice of the chance in favour of an instalment. on the foreign divi dend. The Committee, however, will no doubt do all in its power to fight the good fight of the Bondholders. Portuguese New Five per Cents. realized French Five per Cents. 115 f. 50e„ and Dutch Two-and-a , Half per Cents. 51i. In many of the Railway Shares, owing to an in creased desire to effect purchases, business has been done to-day at an advance. The more current quota tions have been these :—Great Western 33k, the New 16 ; London and Birmingham 92, Quarter 24 ; Manchester and Leeds 241, New 13 ; New North Midland .101, Blackwall Ir 4, and South Western 15-, 1 ,- premium. Tie North Midland fell to A- discount, the Birmingham and Gloucester were done at 91-, the Eastern Counties at Si, the Brighton at 51, and the Greenwich at 11 discount. New Australia Bank Shares were at 16, and Canada Company's at 31 pre mium. The following are the exports of the precieus metals from the port of London in the week ending this evening Silver coin to Hamburg 5,400 ounces. Ditto ditto to the Mauritius Silver bars to Rotterdam Ditto ditto to Calcutta Gold bars, Rotterdam 220 the sentence of d ea th weeks ago An American pap paassie)selr,u,poin upon f. 3 = a g; ma a n n , s a ay e s c i ount o f " he ap made, within twelve days, 100 f aggots , peared to feel unpleasantly.' Mr.AwrVillifaim.Li(G.k.Eers,PoAf TRIARCII.-- , —A. few great age of 9S years, Lower Hardres, who has att a i ne d th e and du g 1,200 hills of hops within one week. We trust this veteran of the fields only labours for his amusement.— Canter bury Journal. . HER MAJESTY S THEATRE.—It was with great gratification that we beheld last night the revival of 11 Barbiere di Seviglia. Ever since the noble Florentine p oet Rinucini invented the p astime for the solace o f his royal mis. tress, Maria de Aledicis, no opera has been performed with more effect than the Barbiere was last night. This, on con sidering the cast alone, must be evident to our readers. Inds. and of Rubini, to whom Conte pendently of Grisi, whose comeliness and flexibility of voice fit her above all women on the stage for the charming Espieg_ lerie of Rosina's part, independently of Tamburini, whose crack la3narboipeir-wertiusnity of displaying, ad libitum, that oriture in which he so much excels—in addition Royal Highnesses , a part confided we had Lablache as Bartolo of TiAven-watots, cntertainmieenetisl w t e l ie f al f s o o r ho m n a o n ur y ed y w e l a ih , the i yr :, ctr a Aoel l 'lldnantuOianaiest's'itieaae%,n.lrate"vyg'ateliy.ovl sesfeafihsyeretofore to a second or even third-rate per- Th e house was excessively e;owded. Her Alajestv former. arrived for the overture, and left at the conclusion of f the opera. King s. a r g k‘ e ul r g. , i Augusta : a si at n am, d o : rs i of : t ie l m i t e ,b i their Bi dagn,,k, The evening's and / h ave great pleasure in telliez yealacefilaot.f Herts., to Messrs. S. and B. g o i . ooloty.:, 39 ' tl e i l ( l . c F p e r o a o f e m b t e l I s e s h_ Q i a and r e y n Princesspo Cowper, Lsg., Albemarle-street, —Gentlemen, Piccadilly, an and h 7 a fi v , ing induced from recommendation to try your Invisible Voi,,, Conductors, pe o r f so- li s le i :) i ( sb n ri ) l . li a a n n a t . , a :m a t alt Ina It and in I consequenec of the great ad ‘..PiPtlVv'e which 1-have derived,have recommended man the} worship enab m l n e o st me d i t s o t ' i i l l i c c i a l r y i itheYyear, the 22d of May last, vet the tt4'.:l - 1 return yeti :ay bed persons to you, and I am happy to The that their report many similar to mine, most favourable. l'he Spectacles 4 0 l ian d . :i glass which you have sent me are 7zry e•at,eltelit, an d suit my sight precisely, and curpass an - y 0,41.2; of the kind I have eve v r e quence of Mr. Henry tried t i l ) t a e ss e t 4 r i a in ns 3 pa s r , : able n • e to read, &c., by candle light with" the greate.tYea‘? aml comfort to m I iii4tl.--- , t Con'se thanks, and remain your most obetlin'c servAty 11,,, Cowper i,•(.,9.iyir:,, applications -fro all quarters to know whe- COW Mt R.-22(1 of June, thee 'die aOVe 'zietter••is authentic' or not, he has addres'ei W. leteer`tif the Standard, which was inserwa • • • , --* ' in that paper on the e ~th of April, I;st, stativg that it was so, and that in conse quence of his xtreme age and increasing infirmity, requested he might not be troubled with any further inquiries. ANN UAL COMMEMORATION OF SOCIALISM. The grand Annu:d Festival in commemoration of the G9th birthday of Robert Owen the philanthrophist , and eat. fifth Annual Congress of ths Universal Com munity Society of Ritional Religionists, was cotnmernt:- rat cdyesterday at the Highbury Barn Tavern, Islington, by the London members of the society dining and taking tea together. The dinner was advertised to take place as early• as half past one o'clock, but long before that hour the gardens of the tavern were crowded to excess, by persons who had been fortunate enough to obtain tickets, all of which were disposed of on Saturday last. The gardens were opened at half-past one o'clock with a procession round the grounds, after which Mr. Simp kins, a gentleman whose exertions in the cause have been unremitting, addressed the assembled crowd col lected on the green in the front of the great dining more, as follows _ _ My Friends—A long oration would here be out of I place, but a few words of friendly counsel may not be I amiss. We have met this day for a twofold purpose. Our first and most ostensible object is to commemorate the birth of an individual whose existence has been of great utility to society, inasmuch as, by a fortuitous concurrence of circumstances, he has been enabled. to embody the wisdom of preceding ages, and to demon strate and arrange certain facts, and thereon found a system, or science, which, when properly understood by a sufficient number of persons, and fairly put in prac tice, will remove a large portion of that moral and phy sical evil with which society is now disturbed and afflicted : our second and immediate object is our own enjoyment. To accomplish these purposes, it is neces sal y that we adopt a certain.course of action, and per haps You will pardon me if, in the fulness of friend ship, 1 suggest to you the line of conduct required. The gentleman to whom I have before alluded has told us, and made it cognizant to our understanding, that the whole of our actions are necessary, and thak, in fact, " every individual is the creature of the circum stances in which he is placed." This is one of the most sublime and most important lesssons that has yet been promulgated to the human race. And the greatest honour we can confer on our wise and benevolent teacher—the greatest pleasure we can give him—the best return we can make far It's long and va• linable services, is by acting in accordance with those principles with which he has made us acquainted, to demonstrate to him that we have received, appreciated, and been influenced Ly his teaching. Yoti are here, my friends, surrounded by a number of temptations, and i some measure stimulated to excess by early training, and the habits and usages of society. Let roe entreat of you, therefore, to exercise your reasoning powrrs. Be temperate in all things, and if in the course of this day's festivities you should meet with individuals who, from not having had the benefit of your tuition, shall manifest feelings of anger or hostility, be it your endea vour to allay the irritation by the soothing voice and words of charity. Again, I say, be temperate, be kind, be mindful of the pleasure of all. By so doing you will accomplish every purpose for which you have assembled. You will prove to the world the superiority of your intelligence and moral principles, and commemorate in the most consistent aid becoming manner the birthday of the great philanthrophist, and you will secure in the highest degree your own personal enjoyment. In respect to the friends by whom I am more immediately surrounded, the mem bers of the London district, I have only to remark that they have individually and collectively for some time past laboured unremittingly for your comfort, and have left nothing unprovided, within the compass of their incomes and powers, which in their es,timation could be to you a source of gratification. They will super intend the arrangements of this day, and I trust, indeed I feel assured, that the propriety of your conduct will render their duties easy and pleasant. And I am also assured that the only return they desire, is the satisfaction of having even the means of adminis tering to your enjoyment. Of myself I shall say but little. I have laboured long and earnestly, and I trust not uselessly amongst you. lam known to a large portion of you, and I would flatter myself that I am respec•ed by a portion almost, if not quite, as large. I am now about to leave you to reside in a distant part of the country, there to spread the glad tidings of human redemption, an d to i n f use i nto t e e minds of those who have not known the ray of truth, the bright and beautiful religion of charity. I trust that I shall take with me your kind wishes and remembrance, and that I shall be able to look back on this day with feel ings of satisfaction. Mr. Simpkins, during the delivery of this speech, was most enthusiastically cheered. The company then proceeded to the dining-room, where upwards of 600 persons sat down to a repast got up in Hinton's best style. Mr. SAUL, in the absence of Mr. Owen, took the chair. Everything was of the best description, the wines excellent, and universal hilarity prevailed during the evening. The arrrival of the Social Missionaries from Manches ter during the dinner was hailed most enthusiastically, The cloth having been removed, The CHAIRMAN said, as a body, We are associated together in this and various other ways, to improve and amuse ourselves ; though that is termed by some dis loyal—as we are also said to be—not what we ought to be—(Laughter)—that we are not moral—that we are not well behaved. I appeal to your feelings, and of those (if any there be) who are visitors among us, whe ther that is true ? Loyalty to " the powers that be— morality to its uttnost extent—and good feeling towards each other, pervade the Social body to a degree unknown in the old world. I shall call upon you to join with me in the toast I am now about to give, and in which, I know, as loyal subjects, you will all most cordially join ; but I would suggest that you show your loyalty in a man ner different from that in which it is displayed in the old world. We require no clapping of hands—no noise—to demonstrate our loyalty, which, if you all feel —you will take the sentiment home in solemn silence to your hearts—Living your hands upon your bosoms, as Ido now, in token of your sincerity. I give you the " health of the Queen, the daughter of his Royal Highness the late much lamented Duke of Kent, a friend of the cause of Socialism." " Prince Albert, the Duke of Sussex and the rest of the Royal Family, and her Majesty's Ministers." The toast was then drank in silence, the National Anthem being played upon the Piano, and accompanied by the voices of certain ladies and gentlemen. The CHAIRMAN said, after a slight pause, I have been called to the Chair at a very short notice, and shall not long stand in the way of those talented friends who have arrived from the country to address you. I am delighted at the progress which moral reform has made within the last few years—a progress the more extraordinary, because it has received aid from those who meant to injure us. Truth will always prevail ; we have been traduced and maligned—we have been at tempted to be crushed ; but here we are exulting in the advance we have made, and preparing for yet further advances.—(Cheers.) No principles that, I am aware of except those of Socialism fully carried out can meet or remedy the magi- fold evils that afflict mankind. 1 therefore exhort you to persevere in this glorious cause, and success will attend you. Whether we look to north, south, east, or west, and particularly to the north, our cause has ad advanced and is advancing. I am to give you as a toast, " Prosperity to the Universal Community Society of Rational Religionists." Universal it is as the sun that shines over the earth. To diffuse it we have much to do ; but let us not shrink from it, convinced that uni versal truth is universal happinesi ;` let us endeavour to extend it through every clime and every country ; let us endeavour to establish it in our lives, and leave it, as our best legacy, and the heir-loom of those whq a re to follow us. The toast was then drunk, and in acknawlcdging it, Mr. LLOYD JONES (Social Mi7siortary) raid, 1 feel much pleasure in responding to this toast, because I am persuaded that we must succeed ; that no power of man, by whatever name he may In called—even though he be called a Bishop —can obstruct the progress of the Universal Community Society of Rational Reli gionists. Why am Iso confident First, because I am confident that this Society is founded on truth, and next, because I know there is a deep yearning in every human heart for truth, and that multitudes have a love for truth inherent in them, and are determined to sup• port it, and it is not in the power of man to stop it. When I remember what tha Society was when I first became connected with it, and when I see what it is now, I should indeed be a doubter it I for one moment hesitated in belLving that this Society must speedily succeed. One or two of our friends from Manchester will recollect, as I do, when we were very weak, and had little confidence in our own abilities as teachers, but we had, nevertheless, every confidence in the cause we had to support, and when we came before the public they first laughed at us—called us visionaries, but still we went on adding to cur numbers, and then some persons became alarmed for the safety of existing things—they advised tl pee* to keep away from us, for that we were a very dangerous body of men, and that nil who were associated with us would be in danger of losing not only their political but their moral and religious principles. People., however, determined to see us for themselves, and fortunately for them and for us, they hop a spirit of curiosity in them, which compels them to examine every thing new, and if that which is new be true, such examination must be beneficial. Our numbers went en increasing till our opponents became \ m ore alarmed, and altered their advice to the people. The Editor of the Manchester Chroni4e advised them to plunge us into horse ponds, and beat us with dung-- forks and broom-sticks-,4 Laughter.) The people, Ito;.- ever, did not their advice, and we went on adding t -slumbers, till their alarm was turned into wonder, and they found themselves ne.r.lile to stop what they called the moral pestileasse ; and we built at last a splendid ball ialancliester, which cost 6,0001. of Socialist moz...ey, and we never do these things by halves, so we announced the thing in placards three yards long, 'so that all the saints might know what •we were at.— (Great laughter.) Well, little tracts began to make their appear ea, and these tracts swelled into pans. LITERATURE. BEAUMONT AND i'LETCHER'S WORKS. 2 Var!. Maxon, London, 1840. The only objection we have to offer to this ele gant edition of two of our most popular dramatists is, its size. " Books that you can carry with you to your fire-side," says Dr. Johnson, " are, after all, the most agreeable companions." This remark is strictly just. We all like a light, portable volume which we can handle easily, while lounging in a chair or on a sopha by our social hearth. Instinc tively, as it were, we find ourselves reverting to such books oftener than to those which may possess superior excellence, but are too large and cumbrous to be held conveniently for any length of time in the hand. Volumes like these last, must be perused formally and methodically at one's desk, which always conveys ar: idea of task•work, not a little wearying to those—and they constitute a large ma jority of the public—who read rather for amuse ment than instruction ; rather to pass away an idle hour, than to furnish themselves with food for re flection. The volumes before us are large, thick octavos—excellent books to read at the desk, but such as we can never carry to the fire-side. H ence they are better adapted to the tastes of the studious few, than of the indolent many. If we except thi s d e f ect they are all that we could desire ; their external ap pearance is most prepossessing ; type and p a p er un impeachable; and they are embellished with admirably engraved likenesses of Beaumont a n d Fl etc h er . We may say, in addition, that they are recom mended by an introductory notice from the pen of Mr. Darley—himself a dramatic poet of no mean pretensions—who has executed his task in a skilful and dispassionate manner. We perfectly agree with this gentleman in his estimate of the come dies of Beaumont and Fletcher. Their tragic powers, as evinced in Philaster, and the Maids. Tragedy, are far more genuine than their comic. Their tragedy frequently draws a tear ; but their comedy seldom or never excites a hearty laugh. And the reason is, it is too much devoted to the delineation of mere fantastic humours. Their cha racters are grotesque; but we can rarely laugh with them, or at them, because, though meant to be natu ral, they arc any thing but transcripts from life. Nct so with our dramatists' tragedy. Here they show genuine, healthy feeling, and sometimes, but not often, an impassioned energy, worthy of Slinks peare. They are always, however, most in their element, when they are pourtraying the tenderer and gentler feelings of humanity. Their pathos is exquisite, and they seem to have been fully aware of their excellence in this respect, for their tragic plays abound in pathetic touches. As for the Faithful Shepherdess, which has been so warmly commended by the critics, and is the exclusive pro duction of Fletcher, we have always considered it overrated ; for, like most pastorals, it is formal and passionless, however graceful and elaborate in dic tion, and were it not for one or two of its lyrics, —especially that which is chaunted by the Satyr— ic would be perfectly unreadable. LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY.) DEAL, JUNE 9. —Wind N. N. E., and moderate.—Sailed the John Fleming, Rase. for Calcutta; London, Gibson, Port Philip; Patriot, Brown, Launceston; and Teazer, Airth, St. Michael, LlvEnrooL, JUNE 9. —Wind S.—Arrived the London, Beng ; Calcutta, Harrison; and Chilton, Nl‘Gregor, from Savannah ; and Duncan, St. John's, New Brunswick. Off port the Laura, from the Cape of Good Hope; and Pursuit, St. John's, New Brunswick. Sailed the United States, 13trr, for Philadelphia; T. P. Cope, Mierckin, ditto ; Minerva, Adams, Virginia; New York, 13 ars l ow, New York ; Ranger, Murill, Portland ; Herald, Myers, Baltimore; and Valerosa, Mira, Havannah. POItTcMOUTII, JUNE 9 —Wind S. to S. W. and S. S. R. —Arrived the William godger, Currie, from Bat avia and Lord Lvnedoch transport; Steads, Cape of Good Hope. THE CATTLE 1 , ItADE.—NO few er than fi ve thousand cattle have been shipped from Aberdeen this year to the Lo n d on mar ket, one thousand from Banff, one hundred and twenty f rom B u rghead, and sixty f r o m Invergordon ; and three thousa n d pigs. The total va lue of cattl e sent to London from th ese ports , d ur ing the last three years, amounts to 130,000/. It i s remarkable t h a t none have been shipped from Inverness.—Edinbarqk Courant. 1 3 1 UP III"' 4tJN E S l i 4 .1,1411, stparlier, vie, running between tilts place :,M 1 Dii!PP? ,, anivi.. , d here thi s aft er - noon, having performed the passage across in the short space of six hours and 35 minutes. EVENING EDITION. phluts, and the B litor of the Manchester Chronicle ad vised the parochial authorities to open Sunday schools, and evening s.clieols; - and day schools, and to establish libraries—ay, and to add to that which had greatly ad vanced cur cause, namely, a little music and dancing. —(Laughter and cheers.) Well, these were the small guns. Tnen the larger ones began to be fired off, and gentlemen went lecturing against us, but wherever they went they found that we increased. Then they wanted State persecution, but the State would take no notice of them. At last the Bishop of Exeter stepped forth very valiantly, and, I doubt nut, very sincerely; and he made a very fine speech, which had the effect that all the other fine speeches against •us had of causing our doctrines to be everywhere more known and talked about. Every body inquired what is this new-fangled doctrine? and thus by the Bishop's speech Socialism spread over the kingdom, and in Glasgow alone, where there were only seven members, the week after the Bishop's speech there were twenty-nine.—(lmmense cheering.) And when they found they could not succeed, and that the Church could not put us down, they wanted the Government to do that be force which they could not do by reason. They put Cleave in prison, and they tried to do the same thing with Heywood in Manchester, but we deter mined to meet them on their own ground, for though we arc harmless as doves, we are wise as serpents.— ( Laughter, and hear, hear.) We knew that the Church booksellers sold a little blasphemy now and then, only that was respectable blasphemy—ten shil lings a volume blasphemy—blasphemy for the Bishop of Exeter to enjoy in private without public scandal. —( Laughter.) So some of our friends got out Shel ley's works from the Church bookseller in Manchester, and the Methodist bookseller, and the Jury returned true bills against th em . —(G rea t l aug hter and cheers.) So here we h a d them in a nice hobble—( Renewed laughter) —we were determined, if Heywood went to prison among felons, and put on felon's garb, so should these saints' booksellers—(Continued laughter)—so they sent word to Heywcod that if he would plead guilty he should be let off. He, like a good general, agreed to that, and so escaped, as the Church and Methodist book sellers will, I dare say. So you see our cause cannot be staid by these proceedings. Hee truth ever been staid by such base opposition ? No. Why did Luther succeed ? Why did Christ succeed ? Why did Fox succeed ? Why did Robert Owen succeed ? Because truth was, to a certain degree, mixed up with each of their creeds ; and feeling the value of truth, and t!..e power of truth, they were determined to diffuse it, whatever the consequence. And why were they re spected ? For their disinterested love of truth. Truth has become stronger since those days, and falsehood weaker. We have truth on our side. A multitude that would appal an archbishop—(A laugh)—met last Sun day at Manchester to hear Socialism expounded, and by mere shillings at the doors, 641. was received.— (Cheers.) A few years ago one or two of us had to oppose a world almost combined against Socialism. Now we are increasing by hundreds and thousands : and what is there in the existing order of things to attach the people to it ? is it founded on their reasoa ? No. Or on their affections ? No ! It is based only on their fears. We are determined such a system of go vernment shall continue no longer—(Cheers)—that we will resist ail such attempts to impose upon the people, we will resist them by peaceable measures—none others should be used to effect them. We must diffuse the principles of the society, referred to in the toast to which I respond.—(Cheers). The public press are beginning to mention us—they find articles about So cialism read,—and sober men discriminate through their mighty agency. Socialist principles are so easily understood, and their advantages so easily perceived, that our cause must triumph.—(Cheers.) Mr. nRABY, Vice-President, then gave the " Health of the Lecturers of both sexes attached to the Univer sal Community Society of Rational Religionists," which having been drunk, in responding to it. Mr. SOUTHWELL said—l appear before von as the substitute of Frederick Hollick, one of your Social mis sionaries, as I am ; I trust you will accept me in that ca pacity. You have heard of Mad Socialism ; you have listened this day to specimens of it. It's a methodical madness, is it not?—(Laughter and cheers.) It is said we arc " dangerous." Dangerous ! why, as Shak speare says, " 'tis dangerous to take a cold—to sleep, to drink ; but I tell you, out of this nettle, danger, we pluck this flower, safety."—(Cheers.) We have been a well abused people.—(Laughter.) You have heard of the Greeks—a noble people. You remember The mistocles, when threatened by his General (to whom he was representing something) with a blow.—" Striker said Themistocles, " strike, but hear !" So say we. Imprison us in cha'ns, if you will ; but hear, and hear you shallet(Loud cheering.) What !in the nineteenth century, and we not to speak ?—(Ghee-s.) If that had been adhered to by Luther, and Erasmus, and Melanethon,. what would have become of our Reformation ? Snit as it was, we have our missionaries to diffuse its principles— lam proud to be one of them. We have our course to run, and our prize in view ; but, as Plutarch finely said, the young men arc crowned not when they enter the lists, but when they have run the course. Our prize is the only one worth having—the immortality which results from the good opinion of our fellow creatures.—(Cheers.) We have our Congress too; they are the architects—the missionaries collect the material ; all are necessary to the great social fabric : our material is the people. History, said Cicero, is a Divine instructor. She is! And what teaches she us? That you, the people, the working millions, have for ages laboured, dug, wove, spun, but never reaped aught from your toil. Scheme after scheme is brought. forward to beguile you. The editors of the press abuse us—poor creatures! they cannot help it—they are paid for it ; but it was amusing to find them pre dieting that Socialism would be anniho eated when here we arc, stronger —(Cheers.) Never was an assembly a never, intellectuality, in true respectability abounding , than . this.—(Cheors in Let them come from their m. ..saed j batteries then—let th em not fight where nobpdv nobody can bit ttem.....—( can see them, or, a t l east , where Cheers and l a u g ht er .) There is which for fifteen centuries from th e bl oo d their Churet,, and bones of millions has received 5,000,000/. per annum, and cannot now put down a few individuals they affect to despise,--( Cheers.) Let us not, however—l would advise my friends—exhaust ourselves too soon—a vice I'm prone to, though.—( Laughter. The Speaker was much excited.) You remember the poet's words— " Shallow streams maintain their current, But the roaring river breaks its banks, And leaves its channels empty." Your lecturers, I hope. will mingle the cunning of the fox with the courage of the lion.—( Cheers.) Of the clergy I would say," Look how these Christians love one another." To them, as Butler says, is given the peculiar grace, " Never to be content en this side heaven. From power to power they rise, until at length They reach what last they seek—the skies." Their object is in the corn, the tithes, the land. But men will not submit longer to this system. The question is a simple one—the A. B. C. of Politics—what advan tage is `..'dithis to the people ? Of what benefit is it to ti'.?.m that the old song goes " Britons never shall be slaves," —that they glory in the name of Englishmen ? Of what benefit to them is it to be told, " You live in a land where . every thing is cheap." Yes cheap—to the rich—but to the poor unattainable! And what is the remedy our rulers find ? Oh the same as you apply to rats—stop up the granaries—keep out the corn—starve them by painless extinction—the rats will diminis's.—( Hear, hear.) So with the poor. We have " asuperabundant population," they say. And what is their relief from this " painless extinction" remedy ? Why emigration. Yes—emi gration. " Go about your business. At Nature's table there is not room for you." " Don't tell us it is our native land—go to foreign climes and seek bread you cannot here obtain." Yes, but if some must go, who should it be, the poor or the rich, the industrious or the lazy and unproductive ? But the Aristocracy say if the Corn-laws are repealed they will—go away actually and leave us to ourselves I Yes, as a witty Anti- Corn-law writer says, we must choose between corn and Abcrcorn, Buckingham and buck-wheat.—(Laughter.) I think you would be able to do without them, however—(Hear)—the sun .would still shine, tho heavens. be propitious, the earth fruitful,— ( Cheers.) We have a good deal of Providence. Napo leon said Providence is always on the sido of great armies. (Loud laughter and cheers.) Recollect that your fate is in your own hands. You will have all things if you have money, and the way to get money is to get good sense, and to resolve no more to be the miserable degraded slaves you are now. Boldness has been the cause of every great re formation—remember, self-preservation is nature's great law. Come at last we must to the great pr i nc iple,--" The few must yield to the interests of the many."—(Cheers.) Glee—" Hail, smiling morn." Mr. RIGBY, Social Missionary from Birmingham, then came forward to propose the next toast—" Prosperity to communities of united interest, without distinction of class, sect, party, country, or colour." The worthy Gentleman, who was most enthusiastically cheered, said, that Mr. Jones had told those present that they had travelled hundreds of miles, and had come to London, where all the wealth, and talent, and glory of the land resided, broken up in body and mind, in order to show them the talent of the country. He never felt more unpleasantly than be did at present, not because of the audience he was addressing, but on his own account. H e had no doubt that they all came th ere i n expecta t ion of hearingmen of talent. No w t h ey came forward not as men o f talent, but , as persona wh o had a great stake in the holy c ause.—(C h eers.) They came f orward to better the condition of the country.—( Cheers.) Although there was more than enough for all in the country—although there were more riches in the country than it was known how to distribute, y et f rom some arrangement or ot h er theso distributed food as e lo t t o binz ak w e llic h w the peop le They came f orwar d as t h e f r i end of huma ni ty , an d to show as soba plenti fulppy.—( was not Cheer s ) the people that th e y were go i ng as tray from the path which would lead to universal happiness, and that it was necessary that a new combination and arrangement of so ciety should be effected. There was doubtless some present who sympathised with the condition of the p eo p le, and who would say if there was a popular movement, they would assist it if it was lik e ly to better the condition of the pen. plc ; if there were such persons present, he would address a few words to them. They lived i n a city in which every pleasure and luxury was to be obtailed, but he bad come from a town, a manufacturing town, where he knew, at the present moment, there were 100,000 individuals starving for want of food.—( Cheers.) Those individuals were ; desirous of work, but could not get it. Those individuals had walked through the streets of the town before the authorities, stating that if something was not done fer them, they must get money as they could.-- (Cheers.) Now what had those authorities dune ? They had collected money, given out soup and bread. but not to those unfortunate individuals. Such was their condition that the hopl:cepers had thrown out loaves to them, and they broke it up and devoured it with the greatest eagerness. In Leicester and Leeds 0 e labourers were in the same condition, and the manufacturers and merehanta ware not look into futurity, and dreaded every turn in the market, afraid it should cause their bank- ruptcy. Such was also the state of religion ;it was founded upon anger and ill-will instead of universal love and hap. Phress.—( Cheers.) It was clear, therefore, that some great change roust take place.—( Cheers ) The people of the North had toiled long and bard at the raills, but could not gain sufficient to keep life and scul together. Panic had succeeded panic, and reduced the labourers of the country to the lowest possible condition, and the worst result was to be expected if something was not done, and that speedily. He did not blame the Government or the people fur tats ; it all arose from man's ignorance of bit own nature, and the manner of epelying those benefits which the Almighty had given them. Now, Socialism asked what was the stste of the country, and how it had been brought about; and the answer was this, that within the last 100 years a new chemical, scientific, and mechanical power bad arisen in the country that enab ed individuals to produce wealth in abundance, and in the same proportion poverty had increased. How did this happen? Why, because every one scrambled to get wealth. All were trying to get as much as they could, and give back as little as pos siole.--( Cheers.) The clergymen at the Church had told them to do to others as they would have others do to them ; but they were inverting the proposition, for they were doing to others what they would not have done to themselves.—( Laughter.) A few bad got hold of the wealth of the country by these means ; but what had be. come of those who had produced that wealth. Ask the old man woo had lived in the country, and he would tell tell them that all his children had been led by machinery to the manufacturing towns, where they had been ruined, and the eld inan himself brought to the workhouse. He would now tell them what Secialism was and what it was not. It was not what the parties who persecuted them stated it to be. There were a class of persons who, when be told them what Socialism was, would say it * was no such thing. Socialism arranged society on a new principle, by which all the chemical, mechanical, and scientific power which had been brought into action should ha combined for the public good, and produce happicess to all. It was a Society that clothed and fed every child that was born within its influence.--( Cheers.) It protected the young, and secured every advantage for those who were in yeses. —( Cheers.) It struck at the root of every eail—(Cie jers ) —.it united the interests of all men ; it did to others as et would others should do to it.—(Cheers.) Socialism called upon them to provide associations for the purpose of doing good to every individual upon the face of the globe..—(Loud cheers.) The man whese birth-day they had met to celebrate, who had invented the plan, and was the founder of rue system, bed, Ispent thousands upon thousands, and a long life, in lay:.ng the foundation of that system which was to better the con dition o f his fellow-men. A few years ago be Opposed Socialism, because he thought those who advocated it were madmen and fools. After hearing disoussions, how ever, and lectures, he was convinced of the benefits to be derived from Socialism. He felt that if they had sufficient wealth in the country to feed and clothe 600 nailli o es, and had only twenty-five millions to provide for, that there was something wrong in the system that then existed, and which required alteration.—( Cheers.) When be found this to be the case. he felt it to he his duty, bumble as, was, to step forward, though an unlearned man, as is s e e vocate —( Cheering.) Though he bad not lenrnin, on his side ho had truth, which was far more valualle.— (Cheers.) Such was the extent to which Socialism w a s increasing in tho country, that he could go over the length and breadth of the land, and everywhere find the people as sembled by hundreds and thousands, especially among the middle classes in support of the cause of Socialism. Tha cause of Socialism had the strongest organization in the land, and its advocates were prepared to discuss ite rrin elples with its most talented opponents according to the laws and principles of truth and justice —(l,-ebeers.)) The Worthy Gentleman concluded by proposi%, the toast. Mr. Aeneas, from the community at Tythreetv, in Hamp shire—lie appeared before them as the 'asst individual who had been selected for the workirezg out of the prac tical social life. lie rote to sees',, to the toast of Pros. , perity to communities of uneteu interest without distinction of class, sect, party, Country, or colour," and although he had never had any practice as a public speaker, it was. enough to make any man eloquent. He spoke to the sen timent with the utmost sincerity of heart. He did not irr tend to occupy their time for any lengthened period, but ashen ho saw before him 700 Socialists he found himself called upon to say more than perhaps might be considered. in good taste.—(Cries of "Go on.") He watt Socialist because be found that, with increased means of production, the people were in a state of starvation—that was a system which could trot long be tolerated. Lately, he had passed through senile of the large towns, and he saw the poor starved people passing the shops where the provisions they could not purchase were rotting ; and all this arose from n vicious state of society. Their principles were founded upon truth, and, with such a foundation it was mortally impossible that they should not succeed. He had not been accustomed to ad dress others than the peasants of Hampshire, he was, therefore, in an awkward position ; but he would not de tain them longer than by assuring them he was devoted to, the interests of the community, and would pay all lion to the commands of the constituted authorities the Society._ _ _ Mr. HODSON, from Cambridge, next aDressed the as sembly. He was placed in a situation of considerable d ffieulty, for he was not accustomed to address public meetings ; however, it he could not speak s ' t i e was very willing to show himself; if it could tit) buy thing for the cause of Socialism. It was only 4 "lion time since that a friend told him that h e was d cp ,' ; him that lie was alive, uti he, however, assured e mbled Sociali s t s -h .o Could only assure the as s 13) " i 'ae was alive and at their service (Laughter)-351 he were dead, his ghost was very h l i n t . l "te cause. The S oc i a li s t s were surroun d e d his ? eifilculties—in his own inst a n ce th e f r i en d s o f eancy had separated themselves from him—his own connections had deserted him—but he had sacrificed every thing to the furthering of the emancipation of his fellow creatures.—(Cheers.) Having been a sailor for six years of his life, he begged to assure the meeting that he had joined the Society, in order to assist those helpless beings who wanted to be wafted across the stream ; he could r inse them that he was anxious to assist all in his power to steer the vessel in the cooperative ocean.—(Cheers.) He had safared severely for his opinions, he had to suffer the anger of a dying father, and only a few days ago he had received a letter from his mother, whom he loved most affectionately, containing a 20/. note, upon condition that be would read a tract it contained. It was to put an end to Socialism ; but he had withstood all natural feel ings, because of the intense desire he had for the eman cipation of his fellow-men.—( Cheers.) In his own parish of Menea lately, they had had a vestry for the imposition of a Police-rate. lie attended, and contended that if they had a police they bad no need for a parson, or if they had a parson they had no need for a police—(Cheers and laughter)—and lie carried his plan against the parson. In his parish, also, they had abolished Church-rates— (Cheers) —because the clergyman, having 5,0001. a year, they thought he ought to maintain the Church. When he came to London and ssw in its back streets the poverty there exhibited—when he saw the mother hastening to the gin-shop to drown her misery—when be saw them creep ing into the shop of the pawnbroker, he thought there was something wrong in the state of society, notwith standing the great number of paid clergy. Prince Albert had lately presided at a meeting for the emancipation cf the slaves ; but why should they not first extend emanci pation to the slaves in England? Women were slaves in England, and he ardently desired to see them fully emancipated. Mr. BAILEY, Socialist Missionary for London, pro posed the toast—" Health and prosperity to our .Con tinental Social Brethren, and to the Friends of Co-opera tion all over the world." Mr. TEALDT, an Italian, spoke to the toast as follows : —Friends, in rising to respond to the benevolent and truly social wish just expressed by the Chairman, and re ceived by you with such warm feelings, I beg to telt you, my friends, that I do so merely in compliance with the kind and unexpected request which was made to me by your committee ; but that I by no means consider myself equal to the honourable task which has been imposed upon me. I trust, therefore, that you will exercise your indul gence, and kindly receive from me the little I am able to give you. As a member of your association, and one of the brethren included in the present toast, I need hardly tell you that I am actuated at this moment by those pleasurable inexpressible sensations which can only be felt by those who have rightly imbibed the spirit of our truly redeeming. religion—the religion of universal love, charity, and bappiness. Time was with me (and I don't doubt the .eame. was with most of p u a i s a t te ag tz s e , m a , n a d n f d ro a m t a m oo y n e a a a rl t ie h s e t e y p o pe ut Ineinty you) when I derived p r id e f rom t h e deeds achieved by my c d o e u a o t r u y r m e d en t o o p f m offered I joined heart and soul the patriots of my country against her despotic rulers, ready to sacrifice my life for her delivery. But no farther back than a yeae ago I would still feel offended if an Englishman or a Frenchman abused that same country, and I could myself speak earnestly and without any compunction in disparagemeaat of England, or of France, of Russia, or of Austria; and like Didimus Clericus, I would have risen from any place where one the company had professed himself a cosmopolite. How is it, my friends, that though I still love my country, as I ever did, I am nevertheless totally changed in other respects ? That now I hold patrio tism an imaginary virtue, and a real social vice. That I like an Englishman. an Austrian, or an In dian, as well as an Italian. That I have no ill feeling towards him who speaks against my country or myself', or even towards the unscrupulous lawyer, who, to fill his pockets, hte r obs me of all the little property ak still re mained to me, and deprives thus myself and family of th e means or subsistence? How is it that now I can applaud virtue and pity vice wherever I find them, without that feeling of national pride and humiliation which used always to mingle in my breast with my admira tion or approval ? All of you, I trust, are able to answer these questions as soon as I inform you that just a year this very day I entered myself a candidate in your Society. You now know that from that day, which I es teem one of the most fortunate in my life, I nyast have studied the science of society as taught by our ven e ra bl e father. I now know what influence circumstances h av e in the formation of character. I know that r aen cannot act as they like, and that society can make raf men what she lines. I know that if I act well or rs eee e e the praise or blame is not due to me. lam cons,e se Gently neither proud or ashamed of myself, and I only feel .pleasure when I see virtue, and sorrow when I "cc vice. lam now, in short, one of you—and you, like myself, are: now no longer more Englishmen or Italians ; we arc no "saner religious secta rians, or political partizans. We are fall of country, of one family, of o ne sec t, o f one party. We arc true Christians. true Catholics, true lovers of our nci . gbbours-; we have all one bond of union—universal 'Love, universal charity, uni- I the sects S 0n the old ,ted .Cho Pee th° N. IP CD. :aO. IC its 'or4 104 rig, 'be ast erl