The Sun. — London, England, 1847-01-06 00:00:00

...--- HEALTH OF TOWNS. CHURCHYARD FEVER AT MINCUINHAMPTON. At a meeting of the Health of Towns Association, on Wednesday, 23d Dem mber, Dr. Southwood Smith laid b_ ii the committee some corre s p ondence, developing e t of an epidemic fever w hich had broken out and r the small town of lginchinhe.mpton. lie con ceived it most important that this correspondence should be laid before the proper authorities and the public, as it could scarcely fail t o establish the conclusion, hat those provisions which it wa s at p resent contemplated to confine to the larg er towns, should be extended to the sma ll e r town, and that to now churches, whether erected in towns, or in rural districts, common graveyards should no longer be attached. The facts contained in the cor respondence to which he wished attention to be given were most important in relation to the physical question as to the grave-yard emanations. In his report on the practice of interments, Mr. Chadwick had adduced evi dence demonstrative of the conclusion that the emana tions from human remains, in a state of decomposition, were noxious in their effects on human life. He regarded this correspondence as a striking illustration of this fact. and lie thought it important to give it publicity, because the public are often more impressed by a single case than by a volume of evidence. The first letter he had received was as follows—from Mr. Daniel Smith, dated Minchin• hampton, November Bth. " Sir,— I beg to apologise for the great liberty I am taking in addressing you; but knowing the interest you ' take in the sanatory improvement of our towns, I am anxious to obtain your valuable opinion. for which I shall feel much honoured and obliged. Our town is situated on a considerable elevation; each shower of rain produces its little torrent, which passes through the streets with considerable power; our streets are wide, and the inhabitants tolerably cleanly ; no offensive business being carried on, and the place has been pro verbial fur health. I have practised as a surgeon here for 16 years, and until the last two years I have no recol lection of having had a single case of typhus fever. In the latter end of the year 1844 I had many cases, uni form in their symptoms, with a disposition to assume the typhoid type. Last year very few occurred. Within the last two months we have had upwards of 150, so as to induce a general meeting of the respectable portion of the inhabitants. The fever is identical with that of the former year, but more severe. Cold rigours, congestion of the brain, great prostration of the vital powers, blood dark, with delirium on the second or third day, are the early symptoms. In the year 1843 our church was rebuilt; a great portion of the church yard was sunk and removed; many bodies reinterred ; an immense quantity of this earth was used on pasture land close to the town. • A large bank, more than one hun dred loads, now remains within fifty yards of the town. Oar church was five hundred years old; population of the parish is six or seven thousand; graves densely crowded; some of the earth very dark on being removed. Pray are the above circumstances, which took place three years since, likely to afford malaria, so as to ac count for so much disease at this time? lam compelled Ito add that the street and the rectory, both adjoining, were tire first and most severely visited (that is, this year). In our rector's family of four, the wife and daughter died, also the gardener. I regret to say that many cart loads of the dark earth was put in trenches by the side of the walks o n the p remises, the gardener frequently digging up bones. As the heap of earth now remaining is the important subject of inquiry, would you recommend its removal?" .Dr. SoUTUWOOD SMITH , replied as follows:—" Sir, it is very surprising how such a plan could have been con ceived, much less actually adopted, as that which you describe; namely, covering pasture land and bordering gardens with decayed and decaying human bodies, in the shape of ' earth very dark,' conveyed directly from a churchyard five hundred years old, and ' taken from graves densely crowded.' This ' dark earth' must be highly charged with animal matter, for such matter has been constantly infiltrating into it for ages. The wea ther during the latter part of the summer, and the begin ning of the autumnal quarters, has been peculiarly fa vourable to its decomposition. In accounting for the general spread of epidemics during the last two quarters of the present year, the Registrar-General, in his report for the summer quarter, ending the 30th of September, says:—' fhe rapidity of decomposition, the facility with which all kinds of animal matter run into putrefaction, enable us to understand how, in a summer like the past, in which the temperature was unusually high, the dis eases referable to an impure atmosphere should have been so prevalent and fatal.' No one can doubt that a large maw of earth, highly impregnated with animal matter, is capable of contaminating the atmosphere, and there fore that the bank of this earth, ' consisting of more than 100 loads, which now remain within fifty yards of the town,' ought to be instantly removed." (The letter goes on to advise the authorities of the town to look to their drains, gutters, and cesspools, and the supply of water). In his reply, dated Nov. 16th, Mr. Daniel Smith says, after thanking the learned doctor, " I find, however, that this heap is not exclusively composed of churchyard earth, but contains some rubbish ; and instead of being 100 loads, as I stated in my former letter, it amounts to 400 or 500 loads. It was carefully hand picked, that is, the large bones were coli:cted and buried. Small bones are now and then seen, which point out the nature of the etuff. Near this heap, and somewhat parallel to it, is a long patch or- ridge of exclusively churchyard earth, which was intended to fill up some inequality of the ground. This extends nearly 70 yards, and amounts to 400 or 500 loads also, and is about a yard in thickness ; there is, of course, much surface exposed to the atmos• phere ; 103 loads were spread Shout as manure, as before stated. The newly-erected part of our church was sunk to be in unison with the architectural proportion of the older, or remaining portion, and consequently, to make a suitable and Pew approach, much lowering of the ground was requisite ; thus a considerable part of the churchyard was sliced down, to within a foot cr two of the remains. In fact, some were ex posed and re-interred, and others occasionally re quired to be covered to keep them from view, and this part is densely crowded with graves. The churchyard was enlarged, and the new ground coated with the churchyard earth from its fertilising effects, so as to hasten the rapid growth of grass. These additions I con sider so serious that I am induced to submit them to your consideration. Our parish consists of hamlets principally. The town itself contains only about 800 inhabitants, and is formed by four streets crossing at right angles, and has a considerable descent, which pro duces, after a shower, a current of water of much power, passing into the under drains with a velocity which tho roughly and effectually cleanses them. Much, also, is carried off by surface draining, the lower part of the town terminating with an ascent. We have no ditches, our soil is shallow, and rock exists everywhere. Our church was completed in the autumn of 1843; previous to which I have no recollection of having had a single case of idiopathic fever in the town during the fourteen years I had resided in it, although I see nearly 1,000 patients annually in my private and public capacity as surgeon to the dispensary, and during the last two months I have attended 100 cases of the epidemic, or more, in the town, which, from their uniform symptoms, must, I conclude, arise from some specific cause." Dr. Southwood Smith answers, in a letter of consider able length, dated Nov. 27, in which, after recapitulating the sleatements made by his correspondent, he says— " From the account, it is obvious that, independently of what has been used on pasture land, in the garden of the rectory, and in the new ground of the church yard, one thousand loads or earth, highly charged with animal matter, being, in fact, the progresssve accumu lation of the bodies of the dead for five centuries, have been actually exposed to the atmosphere ; and the ques tion is whether it is probable that this earth can now give off emanations capable of producing in those who inhale them disease and death. In the evidence given by Mr. J. Dean before the Health of Towns Commis sion, some facts are stated which will he!p us to answer this question. This witness enters into a detailed con sideration of the difference in a sanitary point of view, as well as in the productive value of manure, diluted with water, and used as a li qu id, an d of the same manure applied in the solid form as top dressing. The thought is revolting, but it i s not the less the fact, that practically the whole of the churchyard earth which has been exposed to the atmosphere, whether that applied on the pasture land, in the trenches of the rectory garden, on the new ground added to the churchyard, or that which still remains in heaps close to the town, must be regarded as top-dressing. According to the evidence of Mr. Dean, the proper dilution of manure with water, and the application of it to land in a liquid form, while it increases the productive value of the manure five or six fold, absolutely prevents the es cape of emanations, or at all events renders the produc tion Of miasmata only occasional, and of very short dttratfon, but this same manure, when applied in a solid fotm, as top-dressing, decomposes slowly, and gives of for an indefinite period emanations injurious to whoever is exposed to them." After describing a disease caused on thedient coast by the poisonous gases given out by the vast quantities of the animal called " live fingers," or " .Pesterias," which is found abundantly in the oyster beds, and which is used for manure, he says— " But in churchyard earth five centuries old, still densely crowded with graves, poisonous matter may be contained in a high degree of concentration. We know from experience that the air may become so charged with animal and ve ge t a bl e p o i so n, as to cause death by the in spiration of it for a few moments. This is the case in hot climates where there is much moisture, and where large quantities of dead and decayed vegetable and animal sub s t ances in atre exposed for a considerable time, perhaps stagnant heat. It is th e same in and marshes, to this moist vaults in which bodies are enclosed In leaden coffin n s sometimes proved suddenly fatal ( t ! Opening of which has vapour r ta t l b to those who have breathed the stench and va . p issued from have e ves who have them. Cases are on record in whi a ct Collins,l with a broken into tombs and forced open such met with view of plunder, instead of finding jewels, death, and have been found dead in the va a u v l e t facts show the highly concentrated state in vaults. These animal prison may exist. Your five centuri es old dark an churchyard earth must, I repeat, contain this poison i na state of concentration. The state of the atmosphere, for a considerable time past, has been favourable to decom position, from the nature of your soil, which you state to tee sandy, with rock abounding everywhere, the poisonous products cannot percolate through the earth, but must be exhaled into, the atmosphere. If the weather should be calm, and the wind move sluggishly in the direction of y our town, your present epidemic will continue ; with the change of the atmospheric conditions, the intensity of the emanations given off from your decomposing heaps, may diminish, and, consequently, your fever may decline, and even subside, but it will again recur as long as those heaps are allowed to remain, and, in deed, as long as this extraordinary amount of poisonous matter is allowed to contaminate a soil naturally salu brious. The arrangement by which dead organic matter is capable of receiving the principle of life, of assuming new vital forms, and of developing into new bodies, is beautiful and beneficent,' but when such matter is taken 1 TIIE IVEDN'ESDAV IqVENINCi, JANUARY 6, 18-17. from new new graves and applied directly to fertilise our fields, the transition is too immediate, and cannot but shock the natural prejudices of the human mind. Mr. Chad wick has shawn the imperative necessity of an Ca- Lire revision Cl tsar sal - ,.0 sysa in of interment—at least as far as regards large tow ns cad populous districts ;but the ease of Nlinchinhampt.n. proves that such a revision is equally necessary for our villages and hamlets. The necessity of such a revision appears to have been felt by the great architect of St. Paul's—' For I could wish,' says Sir Christopher Wren, ' that all burial in churches might be disallowed, which is not only unwholesome, but the pavement can never be kept even, nor pews up right, and if the churchyard be close about the church, this is also inconvenient, because the ground, being con tinually raised by the graves, occasions in time a descent by steps into the church, which renders it damp and the walls green, as appears evidently in all old churches.' When shall we see every parish in England with its ' God's Acre,' those secluded places of sepulture, of which the German Protestants have set us the example; beautified with perennial flowers, with flowering shrubs, with the cypress and the willow, and with groups of other trees, the favourites of our familiar field s, g ardens, and woods ; in which peaceful retreats it may be possible to cherish those reverential and tender associations natu rally called up by the sight, or even the thought of the hallowed spot in which our beloved dead repose ; a thend full of those types of renova tion and decay, which fields and the woods offer to the notice of the serious and contemplative mind, suggestions which are espe cially so precious because so soothing to the mourner, and so calculated to revive in his heart resignation and hope." Mr. Smith, in his next letter, stated the course which he had adopted, and the opposition he had met with in the parish— " The patron of the living, who is also the lord of the manor, together with the rector, were, I believe, the principal cause of the unfortunate c hurchyard arrange ment. The former, who was p resent, appeared to re ceive my opinion with some pique and discourtesy. Many, if not most, of the individuals present considered that there was something in my views. I further stated that I recognised the same uniform symptoms in the fever of the present year, indicating that both arcse from the same cause. The rector, who was absent, soon sent a protest against my theory; hence we have a parochial division, and I am sorry to say that there is no immediate prospect of the removal of the source of the malady. Since I first addressed you I have had important addi tional confirmation of the views we both entertain. Wherever this earth has been taken fever has followed. The patron had some taken to his garden, and the only son of the gardener near was attacked. The result at the rectory you are already aware of, and there are two or three more instances." Dr. Southwood Smith, in his last letter, remarks that any person of ordinary intelligence and common sense would have surely thought it prudent, as a mere matter of precaution, to remove these thousand loads of' earth, upon such representations. He quotes Dr. Mead, who wrote more than a century and a half ago, about the cause of the plague prevalent in Grand Cairo— " A great canal passes through the midst of the city, which, at the overflew of the Nile, is filled with water. On the decrease of the river this canal is gradually dried up, and the people throw into it all manner of filth, car rion, offal, and so on; the stench which arises from this and the mud together is intolerably offensive, and from this source, the plague constantly springing up every year, preys upon the inhabitants, and is stopped only by the return of the Nile, the overflowing of which washes away the load of filth." And he concludes the correspondence thus:— " There is a growing dislike in the people of this country to have their places of burial desecrated by common and daily traffic, and by rude and low sports, and those who can afford it now seek to bury their dead in public cemeteries, wretchedly poor and inappropriate as those cemeteries are, compared with what national places of sepulture might and ought to be made. In the meantime the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, in cluding the Archbishop of Canterbury, and the Bishops of London, Lincoln, Durham, St. Asaph, and Bangor, have reported against the practice of burial in the chnrch and Chancel, ' a practice,' they say, ' which appears to us to be in many respects injurious, in some cases by weakening or deteriorating the fabric of the church, and in others by its tendency to affect the lives and health of the inhabitants. We are of opinion that in future the practice should be discontinued." One distinguished member of the bench, indeed, is of opinion that there is no evil in this practice, provided it is not carried to ex cess ; that poison in itself is not hurtful, but only an extreme dose of it. It is earnestly to be wished that the Ecclesiastical Commissioners had reported against the practice of burial near the church as well as within it, were it only for the reason assigned by Sir Christopher Wren, already quoted, that ' if the churchyard be close about the church, the ground being continually raised by the graves, occasions in time a descent by steps into the church, which renders it damp, and the walls green, as appears, evidently, in old churches.' " refuse to accept it. He contended that the whole pro ceedings of the directors were illegal, and if they rer si,,ted in holding the shareholders at defiance, they would eventually have to refund the whole of the deposits. He moved a series of resolutions to the effect, that a committee of inquiry be appointed to pro tect t1;-e property of the shareholders from the injudicious conduct of the directors, and each holder to subscribe a Is. a share to defray the expenses. After a few words from Mr. Wilkinson and Mr. Richardson, Mr. JAMES, the barrister, gave it as his opinion that this company was a Spanish partnership, and it could not be dissolved without tke consent of the Spanish sec tion of the shareholders. Mr. UNDO said the directors still had 343. per share in hand, and he would urge the shareholders to accept that moiety of their deposits, and let the thing drop. In answer to a question, The CHAIRMAN said the actual balance in hand was 66,0001. Eventually the resolutions proposed by Mr. Baco and Mr. llAuvEy were put from the chair, and carried. The meeting terminated with the customary vote of thanks to the Chairman. CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. OLD COURT. THE MISERIES AND TEMPTATIONS OF THE POOR. — A small withered old woman, whose whole appearance denoted the most extreme distress, and who trembled so violently that she was obliged to be accommo dated with a seat, named Sophia Bradfield, was charged with having stolen a watch, valued at 2/. 2s. ; a watch guard, worth 2s. ; two seals, worth 2s. ; a watch key, worth 6d. ; and five half-crowns, three shillings, and sixpence, from the bed room of a person named Norman, who occupied a house at No. 22, King-street, Old Kent road, in which she and ber two cons occupied a room. On leaving his room, on the 20th of November, he closed and locked the door, after having satisfied himself that the articles in question were. safe. Some time after the door was found open and the articles re moved. The prisoner left that day, and in her room was found a pair of iron compasses, with which it was assumed she had opened the door. She was arrested at a house in the Borough, and admitted that want had driven her to commit the crime. It ap peared from the statement of the prosecutor's sister, that the prisoner got her living by painting children's books and cheap pictures, and by shoebinding. She had no furniture and was in great distress ; she owed 1/. 13s. for lent. Her sons were 15 and 18 years old. The woman transmitted a paper to the RECORDER, who desired the clerk to read it. It stated that she had long experienced the most acute distress, that at the time she earned only 2s. ld. one week and ls. 7d. in another. Her sons were starving, and continually exclaiming that they could not bear their privations longer, and that they could not work for the want of tools. " I could not bear it," it went on, " and I left the room, and on proceeding down the stairs I saw the room door open, and took the things in order to get food for my sons." The RECORDER—Why did you not apply for relief ? Prisoner—l applied once since my husband's death, but they told me I was young and able to work for my living. The jury found the prisoner guilty of stealing the property, and earnestly recommended her to mercy on account of her distressed condition at the time. The RECORDER referred to a statement made by the woman when before the magistrate. She said, "I took the things because my sons were in a starving state. I have sat often two days in that room without breaking my fast. I could endure it no longer." The prison surgeon said the prisoner was so ill that she could scarcely walk, and that she had been under medical treatment since she became an inmate of the prison. She could not be cured for some time. The RECORDER directed the surgeon to inform the parish authorities of Bermondsey, to which she belonged, that at the expiration of her imprisonment she would require assistance. The Court always made allowances for persons driven to crime by privation. In the prison she would perhaps have better medical attendance than the workhouse could afford. The sentence of the Court was that she be confined in Newgate for one month. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. A case of some interest as regards the police force came on yesterday before Alderman Gibbs. Richard Addis, who lately belonged to the City police, was brought up in the custody of inspector Merchant charged with having committed a fraud. Mr. Edward James Read, clerk to Mr. Clarke, clerk of the arraigns at the Central Criminal Court, said — It is my duty to make out the orders upon the treasurers of the City and the several counties for the costs of proceedings in the Central Criminal Court, and, amongst other things, to pay the orders upon the chamberlain. The prisoner applied to me for an order for costs as a witness in the case of John Anderson, who was yester day tried for felony. Ile said he had left the police force, and he asked me to allow him his travelling expenses. I asked him where he lived. He said at Chel tenham, near Gloucester. I asked him if he had come from Cheltenham to attend the trial. he replied that he had last night. I asked him when he left London for Cheltenham. -He said on Thursday. I asked him why he had left London for so distant a place, knowing that he had to attend the Central Criminal Court so soon afterwards? He said, that having left the police force, the fact was, he had forgotten that he had the case in hand, and did not discover it till he had gut to Cheltenham. I asked him how he came to town by that train? He said by the secoud-class train, and that he had paid IL 2s. 6.1. for the conveyance. When I asked him how he could explain that, as the fare was only 17s. 6d., he answered that the rest of the charge was caused by the distance of the railroad to the place to which he was going, and the differ ence in town also. Under these circumstances I allowed him altogether the sum of 31. 25., and made out an order upon the Chamberlain of the city to that amount, and paid him the money myself, in order to prevent the inconvenience which might arise to wit nesses from the closing of the chamberlain's office at the time. The result of the inquiry instituted into the cir cumstances led to the apprehension of the prisoner. Alderman Gross—To how much would the prisoner have been entitled justly ? Mr. Read—To half-a-crown. Alderman GIBBS—And you have learned that he was not at Cheltenham at all ? Mr. Read—So I understand. The journey to and from Cheltenham was got up merely as an excuse for making the demand ; and we make every exertion at the office to prevent frauds of the kind. Inspector Merchant said ho took the prisoner into custody at his residence, in Mercers'-court, St. Mary at-Hill, for the fraud. Mr. Clarke the clerk of the arraigns, into whose presence he was first brought, desired that he he should be taken before a magistrate. He was a con stable in my division, and had been discharged on Sa turday night last. On that Saturday, previously to his discharge, he told witness that he was going home, by which witness understood the country, and said to Lim, what do you mean by that, when you have a trial at the Central Criminal Court ? You are bound over in your own recognisances ; do you mean to go to prison ? Alderman Genns—Did he attend the trial ? Inspec tor Slerchant—He did ; and he gave evidence upon the trial, which was for stealing a coat ; and I told him to take the coat to the prosecutor. On Sunday morning I sent for the prisoner's clothes as he was dismissed, and I learned that he was at home at the time. s tt ee p nnedc: Thetae o dm r pt eangarocn Sunday a uro n nma tda—eai said, o t a m t i s v n d a u g c left Alderman GIBBS—For what was he dismissed ? In o . eft the force, he in i his afternoon, t d u i r d n g e d o to a t e l o t e n l e g :II t o'clock lera o a n a t h w e h o n ext had m b o e r e n n i n fi g r a t o t. L e x o n a ra d o i n a . e d H w e h a e s t k h e e d r th Th e . • could have his expenses, as he had travelled so far, and he did not think he was doing wrong in receiving the n I could A id a e t rn iona e C r ea n t aiLt ttchhoweenhcacoiodliucetenyroatuimot rfi s u es fLarn from are liable n . n case dl a which anhb:l vceahenettylo cases rspah p uaa o dlr r l money, but if the Alderman had a different opinion, he tent one to the public, in consequence of the great rin sn s t w . r a a A l Criminal a l c l os c e i f p n i t e t c htios i t kind i hi n ne v d o c l ae s , therefore, put the case into the hands of the City soli citor,e with directions to proceed. The prisoner was then remanded. William Hudson Blayney was brought up for the pur pose of being identified previously to his removal t o Warwick to undergo his trial for having, in conjunction with two other persons, robbed the Warwick and Lea mington Banking Company of ten 100/. bank-notes in the year 1845. Mr. Mulliins, from the office of the Solicitors to the Committee of Bankers, attended for the prosecution. The prisoner made no defence. Mr. IL Somerville, manager of the Warwick and Leamington Bank, stated that he knew William Hudson Blayney, who was formerly a clerk in that establish ment, and was the person named in the warrant granted to Daniel Forrester, the officer. The prisoner, who stated that he had not a word to say against the decision of the magistrate, was then re moved in the custody of Daniel Forrester. The LORD MAvon received from M. A., per Messrs. Drummond, the sum of 31. for the poor-box. A powerful young ruffian, named John Wasson, was charged ,by Mr. Goldham, the Clerk of Billingsgate Market with having attempted to pick the pockets of some of the female dealers in that locality, and with having attacked Mr. Goldham. The prisoner was seen feeling the pockets of several of the fishwomen, and one of them, who had known him as a nuisance in the market, and who had just escaped from a clever attempt made by him to rob her, corn plained to Mr. Goldham. That experienced officer ordered the prisoner out of the place, but received the most awful abuse. It became necessary to remove the fellow, and Mr. Goldham collared him for that purpose. He, however, resisted most violently, and struck right and left at Mr. Goldham, but was finally shaken to a stand-still, and thrust into the station-house by his active adversary. The prisoner was committed as a rogue and vagabond for a month. THAMES. Colonel Richard Wright, Consul-General for the state of Ecuador, and alleged to be head of an expedition which was said to be lately fitting out from this country for South America, was charged, at the instance of In spector Evans, of the Thames police, with a violation of the 2d section of the Foreign Enlistment Act, 59th of George 111., chap. 69. Mr. Ballantine, the barrister, and Mr. Shaw, of Fur nival's Inn, who had only been instructed at eleven o'clock on the previous night, attended for the defence ; whilst Mr. Potbury, from the office of the solicitor to the Customs, conducted the prosecution. Mr. Potbury opened the case by stating that as Colonel Wright had only been taken into custody at six o'clock on the previous night, he was not in a position to call more than two witnesses, but he was of opinion that they would furnish sufficient evii.dence to warrant a remand. Mr. BALLANTINE requested to know upon what charge, or under what clause of the Act, hh client was brought before the magistrate ? Mr. Potty-try replied, thtz he was there under the 2d clause of the Act, charged wi;11 unlawtudy enlisting British subjects for foreign military and naval service. The tirst witness called was A . lr.Harvey Garnett Phipps Tuckett, who described himself ac having been some time since a captain in the 11th Hussars. He had retired from that service, and about the month of October last, hear ing of an intended expedition to the Ecuador, he called upon Colonel Wright, to whom he handed a letter, which that gentleman having read, he asked wit ness whether he was desirous of joining in the enterprise? to which he (Tuckett.) replied, that it would all depend upon the rank which was offered to him ; to which the defendant replied that he should receive the appointthent of Lieuteuant-Colonel. Witness asked what was to he the pay? to which Colonel Wright replied 201. a month. Witness asked what part of Sour' America it w a s in tended to proceed to? to which the defendant replied to the Ecuador. Witness asked if there was to be any ad vance? to which Colonel Wright replied there would be an advance of two months. Mr. YARDLEY—Under what Government did you suppose you were to act? Witness—l understood under the Spanish, and not under the English Government. Mr. YARDLEY.—What became of the letter which you took to Colonel Wright ? Witness—He put it in his pocket, and I am not aware what has since become of it. Mr. BALLANTINE—We hare not the slightestobjection to the production of any document whi c h can t h row t h e f u lle s t light on this subject. The witness proceeded thus—Colonel Wright told me that I should like General Flores v er y muc h ; t h at h e i (the General) had been n a hundred ac ti ons, i n a ll o f which he had proved victorious. I asked the nature of the command I should have when the Colonel told me that 1,200 men had been raised in Ireland, and that they should be under my command, a s I was t h e on l y person holding the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel going out upon the expedition. Mr. YARDLEY—Do you know General Flores? Wit ness—l understand he is by birth a Venezuelan, and ex president of the Ecuador. To Mr. Potbury—l inquired as to the uniform, and Colonel Wright told me it was to be similar to the Eng lish light infantry uniform, with bright yellow facings, which is the Spanish national colour, cocked hats acid plumes, epaulettes of a Spanish fashion, and he himself was to wear a sash. At a later period Colonel Wright directed me to go to Mr. Gurney, a tailor in St. James's street, who had buttons cast purposely for the service. I procured some, and found they had the word " Ecuador" marked upon them, together with the marks " G. Del. Pres." \Vh and Here one of the buttons was handed in by Mr. Pot bury, upon which the Magistrate asked the witness what he understood those marks to mean? Witness—l under stood them to be the title of the troop I was to command, " The President's Guard." Mr. Potbury—Did you question Colonel Wright as to the officers under your command? Witness—l asked him if there was to be any patronage; to which he re plied that I was to have the nomination of all the officers under my command up to the rank of captain. I replied I had no wish to exercise any patronage, as I wanted no followers. I was subsequently intro.luced by Colonel Wright to Captain Batts, as the senior captain; to Cap tain Rigg, as the second captain; to Captains Maturin and M`Clean, Lieutenant Butts, Ensigns Rochford, Hay, Hall, Lamont, and Tudor. I can give the dates of the commissions from a note which I took. Mr. BALLINTINE—I have no objection to the production of any documents, but will not consent to admit any garbled portion. Mr. YARDLEY—How do you know that they were en gaged for the service ? Witness—Some of them were engaged in my presence by Colonel Wright, and were introduced to me as the officers who were to be under my command. When Captain Tudor was engaged, Colonel Wright observed to me that he would make a very good adjutant. Oa the 29:11 of October I spoke to Colonel Wright as to the advance which was to be made, and on the next day he gave me a cheque for 50/. Mr. YARDLEY—Was anything said about arms or equipments ? Witness—Yes : we talked on the subject several times, and Colonel Wright said that an order had been sent out of rockets, 56-pounders, and 4,000 stand of arms, the Colonel at the same time observing it would be dangerous to send them out is the same ship with the men. The expedition was in the first place to touch at Corunna, where it was to be joined by the Spanish troops raised by General Flores. On the 20th of November, however, I was told that we were to go to Ferrol. The witness then proceeded to state that to avoid all military appearances the men were ranked under the following heads :—Overseers, foremen, labourers, and youths. Mr. Potbury—ln your numerous interviews with Colonel Wright did he tell you he was in communication with any party? Witness—Yes ; he said he was in constant communication with General Flores, whose agent he was, and that any rank, naval or military, con ferred by him (defendant) would be confirmed by the General. He also stated that he (Colonel Wright) was in constant communication with Lord Palmerston, who was intimately acquainted with all the details of the expedition, and under whose advice, after leaving Ca rmine, it was still to continue under English colours, as it would thereby run leas risk from any English cruisers that might be hovering about. I proceeded on board the Glenelg, on the 20th of November, where I found 220 men ; they were in a state of dreadful destitution, and making tremendous uproar. I promised them, on my honour, relying upon Colonel Wright's word, that they should have money next (lay; and according to my instructions from the Colonel, they were divided into watches, and in every respect treated as soldiers, and re gularly paraded as such. On the 15th of December, by the order of the officers of Customs I quitted the Glenelg. Oa the lath I called upon Colonel Wright with the officers nnder my command, and asked what were his further orders? He replied, we were perfectly free to go where we pleased, as he had no necessity for our further serviced. I replied, that the officers were without money, had been put to great expense in the purchase of uniforms, and that it would be most unjust to dismiss them without some provision. In the afternoon of the same day Colonel Wright sent down by Sir James Hay 0 /. for each officer. Mr. BALLANTINE — I presume I may take it, Captain Tuckett, that you are the informer in this case ? Exactly so. Mr. BALLANTINE—And became so because you could not get 650—N0; I claimed it on my own behalf, and that of the other officers. Mr. BALLANTINE—Come, answer my question plainly —yes or no?—No. Mr. BALLANTINE — Then what other motive had you? about eleven years sine. —Colonel Wright has not only behaved unhasdeomely :NIT-INYNoce,si was a merchant in the City. a w y f Y is ° t il h w at er th e e a to me and the officers under me; but has made me vio late my word of honour to the half-starved emigrants, who were without food or clothes. captainast profession y l 0 1 lil t fro ! Bi u o s Aw s , ai d s ik Mr. BALLANTINE—What merchant?-41n East India Mr. BALLANTINE--I merchant. Mr. BALLANTINE—In what commodities did you deal? —ln everything that you could name.—(Laughter.) Mr. BALLANTINE—Then you were what is called a general dealer?—No, I was an East India agent, and furnished the messes with wine, plate, and other com modities. Mr. BALLANTINE-011, that is what you call an East India merchant I believe you failed in that capacity ? I did. Mr. BALLANTINE —WeI I , what did you try next? I think you turned actor?—Yes ; and played at the Pa vilion, the Lyceum, and other theatres. Mr. BALLANTINE—Who recommended you to Colonel Wright ?—Mr. Henderson, secretary to the Spanish bondholders. Mr. BALLANTINE— Did you not say to Colonel Wright that you were perfectly destitute ?—I did not ; I had 251. with me, and no person can call himself destitute with that sum. Mr. BALLANTINE—What expense were you pu t t o that would warrant a demand of 651. ?—The expenses of my outfit. Mr. BALLANTINE—Did you pay for what you pur chased 2—l did. Mr. BALLANTINE—Where 2—At various shops in London. Mr. BALLANTINE—And you can show that ?—I can. After some further questions, Mr. Ballantine put in the following document : a ship Glenelg, Blackwell, Nov, 29, 1846. " We, the undersigned, baying seen a paragraph in the public papers stating, under the bead of General Flores, that there was on board the Glenelg about 250 emigrants or enlisted soldiers, most of whom have been severely ill-treated and imprisoned in the vessel, declare there is not a word of truth in the statement. We are emigrants in the strictest sense of the word. We have been treated with every kindness on board the vessel, and no individual ever expressed a wish to leave the vessel without his being immediately and without hesi tation permitted to do so." The witness, on being closely examined as to this do cument, admitted that he was a party to its being framed, and also acknowledged that he was himself one of those who gave his assent to the following petition addressed to the Lords of the Treasury : "Showeth that your memorialists had taken their pas sage as emigrants, and embarked on the 19 th of Novem ber ult., o n board the ship Glenelg, for the purpose of proceeding to Corunna; t h a t the said ship has been de tained by th e authority of her Majesty's Customs, and now is said to b e under order of condemnation; that your memorialists, being emigrants practising different trades and professions as stated in the returns given to her Ma jesty's officers of Customs to ask the various questions (a duplicate we humbly beg now to forward with the memorial) ; that your memorialists are suffering much loss and difficulty in this inclement season, from the un expected detention; your m emorialists humbly pray to be allowed to proceed on their voyage in the ship Glenelg, ' in which all the effects of your inem.aialists have been embarked, and their passages have been settled for; and a that your memori lets if - sent on shore are without homes or means of living." The witness here was closely cross-examined by Mr. Ballantine, and admitted that, though he knew these documents were false, he had recognised and countenanced them. Mr. BALLA N TINFL—Was not your lady also lodged and boarded in the v essel? --She was Mr. BALLANTINE._Th at lady I presume is your wife? —She is not. She passes as my wife. Mr. Potbury here said that he supposed the magis trate would presume a sufficient case for a remand had been made out, without calling another witness whose evidence would be of a precisely similar character. Mr. BALLANTINE—I do not see that any case has been made out against my client which would either call for bail or remand. I do not think it is likely that the Board of Customs would wish to have this important case tried at any inferior tribunal, and my client is too high-minded and too honourable to throw upon the shoulders of any subordinates a responsibility which he considers he himself ought to bear. Ile is prepared to • meet any legal inquiry whatsoever. Mr. YARDLEr considered that it was a case which called for whereupon Mr. Potbury said he was instructed by the Customs to require higher bail than was put in for Captain Sleigh, who held a subordinate position in the expedition. Mr. YARDLEY considered that if the defendant were held to bail, himself in 4001., and two sureties of 2001. each, it would be quite sufficient security. Mr. Potbury urged that the defendant should be held, himself in 1,0001., and two sureties of 5001. each, but the Bench overruled the objection. The securities were immediately entered into, and the case was remanded for a week. GUN-COTTON. Some very interesting experiments have been made in the United States with the newly-discovered explosive material, gun-cotton. The following article, from a cor respondent of the Lowell Courier, is of great value to scientific men, and will not bear condensation. " Colonel Schouler—l send for insertion in your paper the following account of my trials of the effective force of gun cotton : These were made at the powder works of 0. M. .ipple, Esq., who readily of me every facility, with his aid and that of Mr. 'l'. B. Lawson, the well-known artist, of this city, the following experiments were made on Nov. 30. The eprouvette, or proof-mortar, carries a 24-pound ball of iron—its elevation 45 d.-grees. Its chamber holds one ounce of gunpowder, and about half an ounce of gun-cotton, when that is rammed hard. Two 24-pound bails were used. No 1 has 1.16 inch, and No 2, 1•8 inch windage. The last, in powder trials, falls always a few yards short of No. 1. It was found by trials, as will appear below, that the projectile force depended much on the mode of charging. The best effects were obtained by loosely filling the chamber with gun-cotton, leaving the greater portion as a bed at the breach of the mortar, on which the ball rested. Four qualities of gun-cotton were used. No. 1, 25 minutes' dip in the mixed nitric and sulphuric acid. No. 2is No. 1 dipped, after drying, 25 minutes in fresh acid. No. 3, dip 25 minutes, and then a new portion of mixed acids added, and the dip con tinued 25 minutes. No. 4, blasting cotton, dip 35 minutes in the acid. The particulars of the. preparation need not be stated. " Two discharges, with Mr. Whipple's best rifle powder. FFFF, were first made. The charge was one ounce for each. No. 1 threw the ball 288 yards ; No. 2 threw the ball 272 yards—average 281/ yards. The chamber was then wiped dry, and quite clean, and charged as follows with gun-cotton . ° gO E) 3 't REMARKS. 7 Charge loose in chamber, that not full, ball No. 2. 2 3 4 100 Chamber full, hard rammed, and small wad over cotton, ball No. 1. 8 3 / 175 Loose, and a little for a bed for the ball, ball No. 2. 4 2 / 272 As in 3d shot, but mere bed, ball No. 1. Charge as in 4th ball, No. 1, n No. 1 f N 0.2 1.1 453 buried 3ft. in the ground on falling. 6 1 100 Charge as in 4th, ball No. 2. 7 4 1 567 Charge as in 4th, ball No. L 8 4 4 59 Charge rammed hard home, ball No. 1. This charge was about one hour after the 7th, during which period it had been car ried, wrapped tight in paper, in my hand, while searching for the ball of the 7th shot. It may moisture. and " lt will shots,b seen ,that on thecomparing distanceh avte absorbedhe projectedfourth, increases fifth, faster than the quantity. " My next trials were in blasting the ledge of argillo mica slate, now excavating for the new canal in Lowell seventh by the contractors, Messrs. Boody, Ross, and Co., in that section, under the supervision of Mr. William E. Worthen, civil engineer. lam indebted to these persons riot only for the privilege of making these trials, but for all the details and conduct of the experiment. " The first trial was in the toughest and hardest por tion of the ledge; the stratification is here imperfect, and nearly vertical. The rock presented a perpendicular face, nine feet high. 5i feet from the face a hole was drilled, and at the distance of 12 feet from this, and 6 feet from the face of the rock, a second hole was drilled. These holes were 1 and 1-3 d inch diameter, and about 9 feet deep. The gun-cotton was quality No. 4 in the preceding mortar trials. It was enclosed in cartridges of cotton cloth, inch diameter, and respectively 2 feet 10 inches, and 5 feet long, holding 9 and 11 ounces gnn-cotton. A little dry sand was put in the bottom of each hole, then the cartridge let down by its attached fuse, and covered with a tamping of dry sand, five feet over the one, and six feet over the other. The fuse being lighted, the explosions occurred one within a few seconds of the other. The report was sharp, but not loud, and very little smoke. This chiefly blew out at the fissure made by the explosion at the bot tom of the rock, find some appeared at the top over the mouth of the drilled holes. It appeared to .Nlr. Worthen, who was in a position to see it, as dust. This will be referred to again. On examination the result was per fectly satisfactory to the contractors and engincess, Messrs. Francis and Worthen, who then measured the mass of rock removed. Its dimensions were in feet 25 se sse 9-1,125 cubic feet. The rock weighs a ton to 12 cubic feet. We have at least 90 tons moved by 20 ounces of gun-cotton. The contractors stated that they should have used 10 or 12 pounds of powder to have made a similar fissure for their intended steam blast. The effect then is 1 : 8. " A second trial was made by the same parties on Dec. 4, on the same ledge, at a place where the rock is more slaty and more distinctly stratified, with a northerly dip of about 95 degrees. " The rock is here softer and shivery, and showed a per pendicular face of about 20 feet. The hole was five inches diameter, 9f feet deep, 41b. ]4oz. 6 drachms, or 78 ounces 6 drachms of gun-cotton, No. 4, were enclosed in a Vulcanised' kat-rubber cloth case, five inches di ameter and three feet long. It was let down as before, by its fuse, and covered with six feet of dry sand. The explosion took place with a very little report, not louder than a musket shot. The mass moved was, in feet, 45 eT 10 el 9k—about 350 tons. " The seams were wider and more numerous than in the first blast. Beside the main fissure running pa rallel with the face of the rock, there were others diverging from the hole diagonally, from fifteen to twenty feet long. The effect for a following seam blast was a little too great, for it required 1001bs. of powder to fill the crevice. The blaster employed by Messrs. Boody, Ross, and Co., said he should have used about 201 b. of powder, to have effected the object he wished. We ,have here moved a mass proportioned to the increased quantity of gun-cotton for 20 : 90 : 75- 350 ; but the actual result was a greater distance moved and more breaking up of the mass. I was in a position to watch the smoke, if so it may be called. It consisted of watery vapour, and of orange yellow nitrous acid vapour. The dent-oxide of nitrogen, as it escaped from the hole, seized on the oxygen of the air, and was changed to orange yellow vapour. There was a faint smell of nitrous acid about the rock. Pieces of the India-rubber cloth were found near the hole, thrown off, but unburned. It was, I presume, this yellow nitrous vapour which appeared as dust in the first explosion. The smoke lasted about one minute. " The gun-cotton used in these trials was perfectly dry and well carded after its preparation. It was made from cotton carded by a machine, and was prepared by myself on the principle of the process discovered by Mr. A. A Hayes, of the Roxbury laboratory." THE NATIONAL DEBT. (From Tuesday's Gazette.) The Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury having certified to the Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt, in pursuance of the Act, 10th George IV., c. 27, sec. 1, that the actual surplus revenue of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Irelard, beyond the actual expenditure thereof, for the year ended the 10th day of October, 1846, amounted to the sum of 1,781,6591. 2s. Id. ; The Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt hereby give notice, . that the sum of 445,4141. 15s. 6d. (being one-fourth part of the said surplus of 1,781,6591. 2s. Id.) will be applied, under the provisions of the said Act, betweea the 7th day of January, 1847, and the sth day of April, 1847, to the following pur poses, viz.:— E. s. d. To be applied to the purchase of Stock or Exchequer (Supply) bills .. ... 445,414 15 6 Add interest receivable on account of donations and bequests, to be applied to the purchase of Stock ... 3,615 1 0 £449,029 16 6 S. HIGLIAM, Controller-General. National Debt-office, Jan. 5, 1847. ,e3isxlo.el:lllhd4l:ansinng eE at of of ilit a GOLD.—The tb e pre English emiu m premium on goldint price atP of . 13ce l r n Oid per ounce for standard gold, gives an s )5r t so be ; ing an 2 d s th 4 e s, ex it ch f a o n ll g o e ws Paris gn o ld n is 0.20 . per cent. dearer in Paris than in London. By reduces from Hamburgh the price of gold is 4311 per mark, which, at the English Mint price of 3/.175. 100. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 13 84; and the exchange at Hamburgh on London at short being 13 51, it follows that gold is 1.17 per cent. dearer in Hamburgh than in London. The course of ex change at New York on London is 1061 per cent., and the par of exchange between England and America being 109 '23-40 per cent., it follows that the exchange is 3.33 per cent. against England But the quoted exchange at New York being for bills at 60 days' sight, the interest must be deducted from the above difference. MUNICH, DEC. 25.—JENNY LIED.—In consequence of the extra9rdinary sensation she created on her last appearance, as Suzanna, in Mozart's Figaro, the royal management of the theatre, by particular desire, induced this inimitable artist to appear once more in the same opera, on the 27th, to the delight and gratification of all lovers of the musical art. O n Christmas eve, about fifty admirers of the Swedish nightingale prepared a feast at the Odeon, in honour of the queen of song. On her entering the saloon, which was splendidly decorated, ac companied by the celebrated historical painter, Kaulbach and his lady, she was taken by surprise, with a Weill nachtabann (the German Christmas tree) ornamented with valuable presents. Among these was a most splen did broche from his Royal Highness the Duke of Bava ria. The entertainment was enlivened with toasts and poetical effusions, in honour of the fair guest, TUESDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE. WHITEHALL, JAN. 1, 1847. The Queen has been pleased to constitute and appoint Major- General Sir James Henry Reynett to be Lieutenant- Governor of the island of Jersey, in the room of Lieutenant- General Sir Edward Gibbs, K.C.B. WHITEALL, JAN. 4. The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great, Britain and Ireland, for presenting the Rev. Thomas 8.D., to the archdeaconry of Derby, void by the pro motion of the Right Reverend Father in God Dr. Walter Augustus Shirley to the see of the isle of Man and Sodor. FOREIGN-OFFICE, JAN. 4. The Queen has been pleased to approve of Mr. Edward B. Marache, as Consul in the Island of Trinidad for the United States of America. DOWNING-STREET, JAN. 5. The Queen fins been pleased to appoint William Lang, Esq., to be Resident Magistrate on the Murray River, in the colony of South Australia. Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant and Sheriff Principal of Ayrshire. Ayrshire Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry—Cornet Henry Hughes Onslow to be Lieutenant, vice Alexander Oswald. resigned, Dec. 26; Cornet Robert Gairdner to be Lieutenant, vice John Douglas Boswell, resigned, Dec. 28; Archibald Cuninghame, Gent., to be Cornet, vice Patrick Warner, pro ' 'noted, Dec. 26. ADMIRALTY, DEC. 31, 1846. Corps of Royal Marines—Second Lieutenant Thomas Magin, promoted to be First Lieutenant, vice Lewin, deceased, Dec. 24. The following Gentlemen Cadets have been appointed to be Second Lieutenants, Dec. 28 :—John Barlow Butcher, John George Timpson, Arthur Charles Steele, John Grieve, aied Edward Henderson Starr. WHITEHALL, Dac: 19. The Lord Chancellor has appointed Charles Bishop, of Llandovery, in the county of Carmarthen, Gent. to be a Master'Extraordmary in the Ilight Court of Chancery. WHITEHALL, DEC. 30. The Lord Chancellor has appointed John Sanderson, of Liverpool, in the county palatine of Lancaster, Gent., to be a Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery. BANKRUPTS. Matthew Chrone Johnstone, draper, Lamb's Conduit-street; to surrender Jan. 14, at one, and Feb. 18, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Graham, official assignee, Coleman street; Sole and Turner, Aldermanbury. William Richards, retailer of beer, Old-street, Middlesex, Jan. 13, at twelve, and Feb. 4, at half-past twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Green, official assignee, Alderman bury ; Palmer, Bedford-row. Edmund Snowden, painter, Alton, Southamptonshire, Jan. 14, at half-past one, and Feb. 13, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Follett, official assignee, Sambrook court, Basinghall-street ; Bridger and Co., London-wall; Prickett. Odiham. John Terry,: licensed victualler, Wych-street, Strand, Jan. 14, at half-past twelve, and Feb. 18, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Johnson, official assignee, Basinghall street ; Taylor, Moorgate - street. John Davis, Tewkesbury, Jan. 18, at twelve, and Feb. 16, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Hutton, official assignee, Bristol; Chandler and Badham, Tewkes bury; Peters and Abbot, Bristol. Henry Green, button-manufacturer, Birmingham, Jap. 9, and Jan. 30, at twelve, at the Birmingham District Court. Valpy, official assignee, Birmingham ; Harding, Birmingham. DIVIDENDS DECLARED. E. Botham, innholder, Speenhamland, Berkshire—a div. of Shd. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Satubrook-court, Basinghall. street. A. H. Simpson and P. H. Irvine, engineers, Blackfriars road—a div. of 18.9 d. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sambrook court, Basinghall-street. J. Philpott, coach proprietor, Billericay, Essex—a div. of 3 /0. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sambrook. court, Basinghall-street. T. Standen, brewer, Maidstone—a div. of 3s. 61 in the pound on new proofs, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Fol lett, Sambrook-court, Basinghall-street. J. Miller, engine manufacturer, Brook-street, New-road— a div. of Bd. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sambrook-court, Basin g hall-street.- J. Littlewood, hosier, New Bond-street—a div of 3 s . 3d. i n the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett. Sambrook-court, Basinghall-street. F. Jones, wine merchant, Canterbury —a div. of 2s. 2d. in the pound, on any Friday, at the off ice o f M r . F o ll e tt, Sambrook-court, Basinghall-street. W. Rogers, draper, Lewes, Sussex—a div. of 2 1 ,4 d. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sam brook-court, Basinghall-street. B. Baldwin, draper, Old Jewry—a div. of ss. 4d. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sambrook court, Basinghall-street. T. Ratnett, tailor, Cambridge---a div. of Is. 9d. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sambrcok court, Basinghall-street. A. Wright, grocer, Kettering, Northamptonshire—a div. of 6s. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Fol lett, Sambrook-court, Basinghall-street. H. R. Morley, merchant, Hull—a first div. of 6s. in the pound, on Wednesday, Jan. 13, or any subsequent Wednes day, at the office of Mr. Kynaston, Hull. J. Robinson, spirit merchant, Beverley, Yorkshire—first div. of 4s. in the pound, on Wednesday, Jan. 13, or any sub sequent Wednesday, at the office of Mr. Kynaston, Hull. J. Braddock and J. Jackson; silk manufacturers, Maccles field—a div. of 1 3 /4d. in the pound, on any I riday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sambrook-court, Basinghall-street. J. Oisborne, merchant, Colemin-street—a div. of 2s. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sambrook court, Basinghall-street. A. Macdonald, merchant, Leadenhall-street—a div. of 18s. 4d. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sambrook-court, Basinghall-street. T. Hanson, builder, Leeds—a first div. of 2s. in the pound, on Wednesday, Jan. 20, or any subsequent Wednesday, at the oficeof Mr. Freeman, Leeds. J. Child, grocer, Wakefield—a first div. of 20s. in the pound, on Wednesday, Jan. 20, or any subsequent Wednes day, at the office of Mr. Freeman, Leeds. J. Clarkson, plumber, Barnsley, Yorkshire—a first div. of s. in the pound, on Wednesday, Jan. 20, or any subsequent Wednesday, at the office of Mr. Freeman, Leeds. M. Norman, jun., upholsterer, Richmond_ Yorkshire—first div. of 2s. 6d. in the pound, on Wednesday. Jan. 20, or any subsequent Wednesday, at the office of Mr. Freeman, Leeds. T. Dickson, linendraper, Thirsk, Yorkshire—third div. of ss. 3d: in the pound, on Wednesday, Jan. 20, or any subse quent Wednesday, at the office of Mr. Freeman, Leeds. J. Park, woollen cloth manufacturer, Wortley, Yorkshire— a first div. of 2s. GtAd. in the pound, on Wednesday, Jan. 20, or any subsequent Wednesday, at the office of Mr. Freeman, Leeds. J. Lord, leather currier, Sheffield—a first div. of 3s. 4d. in the pound, on Friday, Jan. 15, or any sub,equent Friday, at the office of Mr. Freeman, Leeds. G. S. Whitechurch, hosier, Fleet-street—first div. of 6d. in the pound, on Monday, Jan. 11, and two following Mon days, at the office of Mr. Cannan, Birchin-lane. A. Barley, draper, March, Cambridgeshire—first div. of 9s. 3d. in the pound, on Monday, Jan. 11, and two following Mondays, at the office of Mr. Cannan, Birchin-lane. I'. E. Jones, linendraper, :Knightsbridge -terrace. Knights bridge—first div: of 3s. 9d. in the pound, on Monday, Jan.ll, and two following Mondays, at the office of Mr. Cannan, Birchin-lane. W. Thurnell, upholsterer, Great Windmill-street, Coven try-street, Piccadilly—first div. of 4s. in the pound, on Mon day, Jan. 11, and two following Mondays, at the office of Mr. Cannan, Birchin-lane. J. Wright, chemist, Oxford-street—first div. of Is. in the pound, on Monday, Jan. 11, and two following Mondays, at the office of Mr. Cannan, Birchin-lace. . F. Rolfe, tailor, Great Marlborough-street—first div. of ls. 9d. in the pound, on Monday, Jan. 11, and two following Mondays, at the office of Mr. Cannan, Birchin-lane. R. Davies, grocer, Abcarne, Monmouthshire—second div. of 3d. in the pound, on Wednesday, Jan. 6, at the office of Mr. Acraman, Bristol. J. Haddock, bookseller, Warrington, Lancashire—seconi div. of sd. in the pound, on Thursday Jan. 28, or any sub sequent Tnursday, at the office of Mr. Cazenove, Liverpool. DIVIDENDS. At the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-street. H. J. Palmer, grocer, Watitae, Berkshire, Jan. 28, fu twelve—T. Thompson, grocer, Brighton, Jan. 26, at one-- J. Rumsey, glue piece maker, Dean-street, Shadwell, Jan. 27, at twelve—S. Unwin, sen., and S. Unwin, jun., woolstaplers, Coggeshall, Essex, Jan. 28, at one—G. England, clothier, Basinghall-street, Feb. 4, at eleven—W. Jarvis, jun.. ware houseman, Thomas-street, Horsleydown, Jan. 27. at eleven. In the Country. W. Griffiths, draper, Great Malvern. Worcestershire, Feb. 9, at twelve, at the Birmingham District Court—J. Wood, Jan. 26, at twelve, at the Liverpool District Court—J. Par tington, attorney, Rochdale, Lancashire, Jan. 27, at twelve, at the Manchester District ourt—J. Pulman, blacksmith, Whalley, Lancashire, Jan. 27, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court—J. Pye, jun., slater, Preston, Jan. 27, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court—V. Hatton, silk manufacturer, Macclesfield, Jan. 27, at twelve, at the Man chester District Court—J. Aspinwall, salesman, Manchester, Jan. 27, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. CERTIFICATES to be granted, unless cause be shown to the contrary, on the day herein mentioned. N. Smith, printer, Fleet-street, Jan. 21—W. Elliott, corn merchant, Petworth, Sussex, Jan. 21—H. Flower, bookseller, North-buildings, Finsbury-circus, Jan. 27—J. 11. Bedford, artists' colourman, Bristol, Jan. 28—T. Little, tobacco mum facturer, Hull, Jan. 27—J. and T. Brown, brickmakers, East rington, Yorkshire, Jan. 27—R. C. Lloyds, plumber, Liver pool, Jan. 26—J. H. Freeman, builder, Birmingham, Jan. 27 H. Charles share broker, M anchester, Jan. 26—T. D. Weaver, share broker, Liverpool, Jan. 26—R. Foulkes, cattle sales man, Northop, Flintshire, Jan. 26—E. Williams, draper, Northop, Flintshire, Jan. 26—H. Liptrot, boot maker, Wrex ham, Denbighshire, Jan. 26—J. Birch, tailor, Hull, Jan. 26 —T. Hutchinson, grocer, Sunderland, Jan. 26—S. Roden, brewer, Wellington, Shropshire, Jan. 26—F. B. Stacy, ware houseman, Lawrence-lane, Cheapside, Jan. 2G—J. Teasel, builder, Norwich, Jan. 26. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. R. Brewer and W. H. Griffith—J. Campion, sen., and J. Campion, jun., St. Mary-axe—N. Knight and R. Morris, ac countants, Birkenhead, Cheshire—T. Lewis and 11. Lloi d, commission merchants, Manchester—E. Seacome and G. Prichard, booksellers, Chester—J. Jones and J. E. Fisher, ironmongers, Oswestry, Shropshire—B. Wilson, W. Wilson, J. Wilson, and M. Wilson, hat manufacturers, Walbrook, Citv—E. Meek and J. Coventry, surgeons, Hatfield Broad OA, Essex—J. Tamplin, jun., and C. M. Hill, maltsters, Lydney, Gloucestershire—W. H. Ingleby and R. W. Cook, oil merchants, Liverpool—J. Alarsland, E. Alartdand, and C. Marsland, calico printers, Stockport—J. Roberts and C. Kirkby, carpenters, East Retford, Nottinghamshire —E. and E. Elliott, painters, Worthing—R. Gill, J. A. Syers, and W. Titherington, cotton brokers, Liverpool (so far as regards J. A. Sy ere)—J. Carr and J. Patton, earthenware manufactu . rers, North Shields—C. Simmons and C. Simmons, jun., iron mongers, Basingstoke, Southampton—C. R. and F. Blackith, chemists, Leeds —J. and A. Copeland, butchers, Abingdon, Berkshire—S. Nuttall and J. S. Evans, ribbon manufacturers, Coventry—G. Rochester and R. Sheraton, mercers, Sunder land—J. Rogerson and J. Robinson, schoolmasters, Don. caster—T. Whittaker and W. Cotes, warehousemen, Man chester—J. S. Brownrigg, J. Cockerel], G. Larpent, and J. Noble, Austin. friars, City—J. J. Millard and J. F. Adams, attorneys, Great Distaff-lane, City—l. Fletcher and J. A. Sharp, stock brokers, Liverpool—T. Garton and F. Yarnold, linendrapers, Albion-place East, King's-cross—E. Godfrey, C. T. Godfrey, and M. A. Perry, milliners, Croydon—J. Hall, J. Hall, and C. Hall, lime burners, Croydon—W. Fieldhouse and J. Clark, ironmongers, Leeds—R. Wilson and E. Turnbull, attorneys, Hartlepool—F. H. Wilson and G. Knights, sur geons, Rye, Sussex—W. Wells and E. Wing, surgeons, Bour ton-on-the-Water, Gloucestershire—E. W. Fry, R. N. Ten nent, and A. Fry, Rio de Janeiro (so far us regards E. W. Fry)—J. and W. Finch, coal merchants, Vauxhall—J. Fen ton, J. Fenton, and J. Roby, bankers, Rochdale—S. B. Aldred and J. Lancaster, woollen drapers, Holborn-hill—T. F. Evans, G. H. Evans, and A. F. Evans, merchants, Upper Thames street—W. Causer, sen., and W. Causer, jun., glove manufac turers, Worcester—J. Brook and D. Longbottom, wool staplers, Liverpool—J. S. Whitaker and Abraham Wolff, surgeons, Shoreditch—J. H. Whitehead and J. Botterill, staff dyers, Leeds—J. and J. R. Machan, grocers, Huddersfield — J. A. Henderson, A. Henderson, and J. Henderson, florists, Hamilton-terrace Edge ware-road—H. Hetley, C. W. Everett, And W. Smith, baiakere, Salisbury ar i 7 regard. IL. Het- I POPULAR TREATISE sit the HEALTH, LIFE. and viGO. of the BODILY FUNCTIONS. NINETEENTH EDITION price 2s. 6d. ; F ree b y Post (in s Se— .lol Envelope) 3s. 6d., T HE SILENT FRIEND. A Medical Work on the loss of the reproductive powers, with means of rest°Z tion. The baneful effects of Indulgence, neglected StrictureS , L, condary Symptoms, &c., are fully pointed out. Illustrated by gravings ; followed by observations on Marriage. By R. and PERRY and Co., Consulting Surgeons, London. Pablished by the Authors, and may be had at their resided' Sold by Strange, No. 21, Paternoster•-row ; Gordon, 146, Leadenn, street ; Purkis, Compton-street, Soho ; Hannay sad Co., 63, 02P 1- street, and 37, /to, al Exchange and all booksellers. Part I. of this Work is particularly a dd resse d to those Wu - of Sri eit. prevented from forming a Matrimonial Alli ance , th rough fear to Lain disqualifications, and will bef ound ass available introdactlw the menus of perfect and secret restoration to manhood. t 0 Part 11. treats perspicuously upon th ose f orms of diseases, el in their primary or secondary state, arising from infection, Stl° ^ 4s. how slumbers who neglect to obtain c om p e t ent med i cal a id, upon themselves years of misery and suffering. a The CORDIAL BALM OF SYRIACUM i s exclusively dire ror the cure of nervous and sexual debility, irregularity, weakness: h ill , reassess, loss of appetite, indigestion, consumptive habits. and ti ties arising from venereal excesses, &c. Price 11x. stud 335. per tie. The Five-pound cases may be bad as usual, The CONCLNTRAT.ED DETERSIVE ESSENCE. An A v syphilitic remedy fbr searching out and purifying the blood fre7;af nereal contamination, scurvy, blotches en the head, face, and +r oe' ulcerations, and those painful affections ar i s i ng f rom imprope r 11l ment, secondary symptoms, and all eruptions of the skin. I and 335. per bottle. 444 PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, pr i ce Ss. td., 4s' and 11 s, per box, aro the most effectual remedy for strictures' if flaramation, irritation of the bladder, &c., without Madras "- business. 0 or Consultation fee, if by Letter, 11. A m i nu t e deta i l of 00 ce. kW cessary. Messrs. Perry are in d a il y a t tendance at their ... ass -4 19, Berners-street, Oxfonl-street, Loudon, from eleven till tw" five till eight; and on Sundays from eleven till twelve, ON THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH O P MATURITY. WITH TWENTY-FIVE COLOURED ENGRAVINGS' ti Just published, Twentieth Thousand, in a sealed envelope. pp 2s. 64 . or post paid, to any address, for 3 s . 6d. i n Postage 6'11...- direct front the Author's residence. SELF. PRESERVATION : A Medical Treat° on the Secret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Matun f , [line - rated with Twenty-five Coloured Plates on the AnaW°_,:,; Physiology, and Diseases. of the Urinary and Rcpt.... Waive Orgy exFlaining their various structures, uses, and functions. and shor n ' the Injuries that are produced in them, by solitary habits, and ottie . excesses. With Practical Observations en the Treatme n t of Nerve d Debility, Local and Constitutional Weakness, and other diseases° the Urethra. By SAMUEL LAIIERT, LT ING SURGEON, 9, Bedford street, Bedford-square, London; 0 __ r of Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, If n u Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, LiceatiA P apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., &c. CONTENTS OF THE TREATISE. I 0 0° CHAPTER 1. On the Philosophy of Marriage, with its /I.l l _ and Obligations, and on Infelicitous and Unproducti v e 0. 4° 1 0 CHAPTER 2. On the Anatomy and Physiology o f t h e Gen!` „,...t Organs, their functions, structures, and se cre ti ons, prov i ng that Mental and Physical Power are dependant upon their health), a e 010 --CHAPTER 3. On Solitary Habits; their various effects 0 %0 Animal Economy; the concealed cause of Debility of the fuz l 't til o of the Stomach, Lungs, and Brain, and general weakness Mental Faculties. CHAPTER 4. On the Secret Disorders of Weak" 00 and Maturity, and the Treatment of Nervous and Local Wet:" 0 0 Mental Debility, and Premature Decay.—CZIAPTILIIB 5 and u . .„00 the Disorder? arising from indiscriminate Excess, eical lol ' Gleet, Strictures, and other Diseases of the Urethra. REVIEWS Or TILE WORE. "The author of this singular and talented work is a legs. , ;or, fled medical man, who has evidently had considerable exporL e- , eO l the trr fitment of the various disorders arising front the toil e sk frailties of early indiscretion. The engravings are an invalus, 00 0 ditlon, by demonstrating the consequences of excesses, whlcs pei d act as a salutary warning to youth and maturity, and by its many questions may be satisfactorily replied to, that admitpp 01' peal, even to the most confidential friend."—Era. Or. . Published by the Author, and may be had at his residelic,%,P from Kent and Richards, 52, Paternoster-r ow ; H anna y a nd -. 11 6 Oxford-street. Static, Tichborne-street, Quadrant; Gordon , 01 Leadenhall-street, London; Newton, 16, Church-street, Live rP and by all Booksellers. 0 d 1 1 At Horne for Consultation daily, from Nine till Two, sin 0 Five till Eight ; and all letters immediately replied to, if corns"' the fee of U., for advice, &c.-9 BEDFORD-STREET BED,' SQUARE. LONDON HirmANYFY OF BRITISU SEsmEN.—Lately, vv her Majesty's steam-sloop Bloodhound was lYieg u ift anchor in the Bosphorus, a Turkish caick or small s' o o laden with pappucci, or slippers, was observed frail l ie board the steamer to have capsized off the Seaga Point, and three men and a boy were seen buffet o 4l with the current. Half-a-dozen Briti s h t ars , as AAP 0 with one accord, immediately pl unge d o ve rboard rescue these unfortunate beings from a watery graire• stoker, of the name of Rowe, showed himself to be A be most expert of the party, being the first to reacil by spot, when he had the satisfaction of seizing two rev be the hair, whom he c on t r i ve d to k eep a fl oa t unP reached the steamer. The third man was also 5 01 04 but the boy, from his dimi nu ti ve s i ze , was l os t s i g ht 0 4 , the seamen in the water ; not so, however, from the sel ;—Captain Phillips, seeing that there was not st merit to be lost, threw off his coat, instantly jumpetl., ° oo board, and, making direct for the u rc hi n , re ache d v e, at the very moment he was sinking into a wa tery gr o bi This act of humanity was for several days the sole s as ject of conversation in the Turki s h cap i ta l ; b u t, strt to say, his Highness the Sult an —b y no means pars',,ice a 0 nious in costly gifts for services of much l ess impertw-et —did not mark his sense of the gallant act in the 0 1°1 which it richly merited. O lt ! [A DVERTISEMENT.]— Itn—ANOTUER EXTRao- I -Au TIN. CURE OF ASTIIKA BY HOLLOWAY'S PlLLS.—Patrick ain ing at Compton-place, Brunswick-square, had suffered P",.. chronic asthma for more than three years. This poor man Ww,h/ great a sufferer that he did not dare to go to bed for fear of phlegm chokinglim ; indeed ke could not even lay his head upon bb table for half an hour lest he should be suffocated; nevertheles 6 l lo person is now labouring from morning till night, sleeps as ever he did in his life, and, in fact, it completely cured by the 7, 7 0 1 , Holloway's Pills. Sold (also Holl oway ' s Oi ntmen t) a t Professor d tly loway's Establishment, 244, Strand, and by almost all nape."' vendors of medicine throughout the elvilised world. BIRTHS. 0 0 On the 2d inst., at Mount Dudley, Roscrea, Ireland , , wife of Samuel Sheldon Dudley, Esq., of a daughter • So rb On the 2d inst., at Camden Villas, Mrs. Henry Thoni of a daughter. Ol On the sth inst., the wife of James P. Phillips, Esq" St. Swithin's-lane, of a daughter. _....." MARRIED. Ya On the Ist inst , at Leamington, Charles Clements Br 44 EN., to Letitia Catherine, third daughter of T. Wade, of Fairfield, Galway. , At St. Peter's, C orn bill, M r . Th omas R eeve , o f Gray s_a_ lane, to Eliza C r o ss , fifth d aug ht er o f M r . John CO"' LeadenhalL T. On the sth inst., at St. JamEs's. Paddington, the rtri;or E. Powell, to Emma, daughter of Edgar Corrie, Esq., of ley Lodge, near Croydon, Surrey. DIED, S P ' On the 4th of November, at Calcutta, Lieutenant B O Seppings Harrison, of her Majesty's 62d Regiment, age u n ifie On Saturday, the 2d inst., after a protracted illness of weeks, Mr. R. D e nnison, sub -steward of Gray's Inn, snit* On the 17th ult.. at Oddington House, Gloucester 3 , 9 l. Lady Reade, relict cf the late Sir John Reads. Bart., sr' On the Ist inst., in Kentish-town, Mr. T. M. J. Joyce . syl. On the Ist inst., in Pembroke-square, Kensington , "" Eleonor Scarman, aged 79. O ct ' On the 2d inst., G. M. Glasc o tt, o f G rea t G ar den -et Whitechapel, inst., aged 001$ On the 3d at Highgate, Henry Willi a m, secon d of henry Lake, Esq. On the 3d inst., at the Rectory, Mareham.le-Fel l ' „ I P colnshire, Mary Anne, the wife of the Rev. W. Goodall ° Archdeacon of Carlisle. On the 3d inst., Miss Anna Maria Cammeyer, of Blood bury-square, aged 66. On the 3d inst., in Cold-harbour, Gosport, Mrs' widow of the late Mr. T. Paul, aged 74. On the 4th inst., at Aynhoe, W. R. Cartwright, rogl. On the 4th inst., at Knightsbridge, Mrs. B. Join s°. On the 4th inst., Mr. John Wright, of the Strand. On the sth inst., i n B on d- s t ree t, M r . B e ale, aged 48. London: Printed and Published by MUNN) 1/0113140f p n li ft , _ Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, N 0.113, Strand. in top fr" of the Savoy, tho County QiWino. Vr° 4ll nniry 6, 1647. COLONIAL BANK. The usual half-yearly meeting of the proprietors of the Colonial Bank took place yesterday at the London Tavern, in order to receive the report on the proceed ings of the corporation, and for the election of five di rectors and one auditor. Mr. Caulfield took the chair. The SECRETARY haying read the advertisement con vening the meeting, The CUAIR3tAI4 said that he was happy to say that the report which would be submitted to their notice was a very short one, but, short as it was, it would show that the affairs of the company were in a very satisfactory state. The SECRETARY then rea , l the report, from which it appeared that tlo debts due by the bank were— Circulation ... ... ..£2.08,425 11 8 Deposits, &e. ... 713,951 15 9 Paid-up capital ... ... 500,000 0 0 PrAt ... 19,486 13 9 £1,439,864 1 2 Total And the assets were— Specie £263,346 13 0 Due to the Bank, on bills purchased and discounted in the colonies ... ... 716,598 9 6 Due on cash credit in the colonies ... 147,636 0 5 Due in London, on bills remitted ... 240,349 310 Balance of bad and doubtful debts ... 51,231 19 3 Bank premises and furniture ... 18,295 16 7 Balance of preliminary expenses ... 2,505 18 7 The balance of bad and doubtful debts was much on the decrease, and it was proposed that out of the 19,4831. 13s. 9d. profit, 7,0001. should go to pay a divi dend of IL 10s. per cent. for the half-year ending June 30,1846, which would give a dividend of 3 per cent. per annum on the paid-up capital. The remaining sum it was proposed to place to the account of bad and doubtful debts, in order that the total might be reduced as much and ns soon as possible. It afforded much gratification to the directors to be enabled to say that, in spite of many adverse circumstances, the profits were still in creasing, and had every appearance a continuing to do so.—The report was unanimously received. The CHAIRMAN then proposed that the dividend should be payable on and after the 11th inst., which was agreed to. The CHAIRMAN then said tbat the directors who re tired in rotation were—J. A. Mulkey, Esq. ; Wm. T. Hibbert, Esq. ; Chas. M. Garel, Esq.; Thomas Master man, Esq.; Abraham J. Roberts, Esq. ; Henry Barkly, Esq., auditor. These gentlemen being eligible, had again offered. themselves tor the vacant offices. Their names were then separately put to the meeting, and carried without opposition. Mr. J. Fletcher having been elected a director in the room of P. M. Stewart, Esq., M.P.. deceased, Mr. Ellice was elected auditor in his room. This closed the busi ness of the day. Mr. Hai:Aliso:a, a proprietor, expressed his satisfac tion at the conduct of the directors ; as did also other proprietors, and a vote of thanks having been given to the chairman the meeting separated. MADRID and VALENCIA RAILWAY COMPANY. An adjourned special general meeting of the share holders in this undertaking was held yesterday after noon at the London Tavern, Bishopsgate-street ; Mr. Chadwick, chairman of the English board of directors, in the chair. The CHAIRMAN stated that the present was the third adjourned meeting of the company. At a former meeting a resolution was agreed to authorising the directors to ascertain if the company could not be dissolved accord ing to law, but it was subsequently ascertained that it could not be legally broken up. That was the exact position of their case, and it was now for the share. holders to decide what should be done. The directors would do their best to carry out the wishes of the scrip holders, and he was sure that the meeting could expect nothing more from them. Mr. BIGG protested that the legal opinion which had been taken for their guidance was based upon an erro neous case. The Spanish statutes by which it was said they were to be bound were repugnant to the feelings of an Englishman, while their provisions were trivial and illogical. Besides, the Spanish board of management had failed in performing their part of the contract; and he contended, therefore, that they wero free to break up the concern. The shareholders never authorised the directors to agree to the stringent and partial powers given to the Spanish board by the statutes ; and be hoped the meet ing would not suffer John Bull to be duped by a self-elected Spanish confederacy. At all events, if the Spanish la w would not allow them to break up the concern, he was convinced that an English court of equity would compel the directors to refund the deposit, because they had entered into acts and deeds without due and proper authority from the scripholders. The Spaniards undertook to subscribe a portion of the deposits. They had not done so, however, and that was iinother ground why the Spa niards could not prevent their breaking up the concern. He moved a resolution, in effect declaring tsheiittve.tisie the directors had concealed matters in the case the y had submitted to counsel, and hail taken upon them power of doing certain acts and deeds without previously obtaining the consent of the shareholders to 110 co. Dr. 111swanto moved as an amendment that the vote of the scriptiolders upon the question of dissolution be taken by ballot; and if the majority were favourable to a dissolution the directors be authorised to take the necessary steps to break up the concern. Mr. D. W. llAnvEv opposed the amendment. At their last meeting they were told that there were some great capitalists prepared to take up the shares of discontented shareholders, but now they were told that, because he had hinted that the majority of the holders would part with their scrip at a loss of 12e. 6d. each, these great capitalists had been frightened, and declined to have anything to do with them. Who were these great capitalists ? Let the chairman disclose their names, and if they were e lde a really great capitalists, and w b o u u t ld few ma h k o there were, he was convinced, rlsibwehroalwooffueld ley)—F. J. and R. Walthew, solicitors, Furnival's G. Monday and G. E. Matthews, coach builders, Stafford H. Tanner and G. Smith, Cross lane, St. Mary-at-Hill, City —H. Crawford and J. Reid, surgeons, Canto-burr"' T. F. Dearden and J. Molesworth, solicitors, Rochdale —R• Budgen and C. Needham, iron founders, Llanhilleth, MO' mouthahire—M. Hall and J. A. Tissington, glass merchants, Vauxhall-bridge-road—W. Jones and P. Russell, ware housemen, Friday-3treet, Cheapside—l. Reed, R. Chamben't and W. C. Marshall, grocers, Newcastle-upon-l'yne—W• Witherspoon, J. Strang, and A. Duranty, wine. merchantst Liverpool. SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. William Clarke, wine merchant, Dundee, Jan. 11 and Jan. 30. at one, at the British Hotel, Dundee. J. Thomson, acoountant, Inverness, Jan. 9 and Jan.3o, at twelve, at the Caledonian Hotel, Inverness. R. Hendry, grocer. Paisley, Jan. 11 and Feb. 15, at one, at the Saracen's Head Inn, Paisley. ' P. Stirling, surgeon, Glasgow, Jan. 12 and Feb. 2, at one, at the chambers of Mr. Bird, Glasgow. W. Noble, jun., candle maker, Laswade, Jan. 11 and,Feb. at two, at the chambers of Mr. Anderson, William Lauder and John Lauder, leather merchanbh Edinburgh, Jan. 11 and Feb. 3, at one, at Stevenson's Rootnar Edinburgh. WOI{KM by ROBERT J. cuLvrAt WELL. M.D. lit.n.c.s. One Shilling each. by post (inn and Rixpeuze N SINGLE and MARRIED LIFE . (An Original Medical liistoryo CONTENTS: Analysts of the Affections—Early Conventional Restraint—MlS direction—Marital Anticipations and Realities—Laws of Paternity'', Maternal lnfluenee—Phesemena of Gestation—On Infelicitontsn s Infertile Unions—lncongruous Alliances —Late Marriages—Lei Matches—Curiosities of Twenty-three Years' Medical Experts 90e. &e. 2. On CHASTITY and its INFRINGEMENTS (An Essay for 1846.) " Of human llis and frailties I discourse. Those taught by nature, and by art acquir'd. Of griefs conceal'd, and disappointments keen, Which young and gentle, the matured and sage, The lonely and the mated—all sustain. In kindly spirit, herein counsel's giv'n, How health, how hope, how happiness is Rain." 3. WHAT to EAT, DRINK, and AVOID With Diet Tables for all Complaints. Contents :—How to ensure perfect digestion, tranquil feeling good night's rest, a clear head, and a contented mind. By an ss servance of the instructions herein container the feeble, the 1 1 er veusly delica e, even to the most shattered constitution, mayeeetsi • the greatest amount of physical happiness, and reach is health W I full period of life allotted to man. " Ilow we should live—what eat, what drink, what shun, To reach in health hill threescore years and ten," These interesting little volumes, although bearing upon subjeet 3 very delicate import, as their titles imply, will be found of inizass' surable and general utility, for they tell of matters every living errs:, tore able t, understand ought to kno w , b u t w hi ch informat i on 0: these enligt, tened times. except that quality promulgated throngs questionab e hannels, is at a very terrilsieldiscount. In the exposition hereby offered of the till now hidden truths t nature; cf human disappointments and their ways of relief, it lino contended that every reader shall become his or her own physinil any more than their own lawn.,i t it is insisted upon that w" should know the simple principles of our own organization, the la„.. ° whereby our existence and the issue thereof i n th e i r several hea l l 'w states depend, the duties that are expected of us in our individllt capacities in the family circle, and th e t ermson wh i ch the healt h so happiness of the present and fUture race of mankind have to rely. By such knowledge, and which is herein faithfully impart 7; health will be found to be in our own keeping, and haPPi_n.':. within the attainment et all; by the ava il :neat h ereof in fulliu":.: our duty to ourselves, we secure the lih e a d van t ages ea our offspft.' to follow, and finally by the cultivation o f oar f acu l t i es, which is 'J. consistent with degenerate health, the mi n d as we ll as the body 13',451 be exalted to the summit of perfection, a s b es t b ecomes the )s i g h" . of God's creations. The author's justification for this seeming eulogy of his owl lugs, and the avowal of their integrity of purpose, must be measur e; by their perusal—his accredited qua iffi catons guarantee that w" topics broached involve his legibimate study and pursui 1. 47. To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row • Carvalk 1 f Fleet-street; Hannay, 63, Oxford •street ; Mann, 39, Conahill ; A direct from the Author, 10, Argyle-place, Regent-street (leading Great Marlborough-street), who may be advised personally en tlis' matters daily till Three, and in the Evenings from Seven till Nina' B° 44L42, The 61 , CoI in a grei 1U bet instance turn in be requl The e, ng extr received pleased 'Matter They pr number ready tc them th from thi Perso either be appli Served t The Me Me Me Are Me: Rig Me,! Mes Rig; Mes Me; Jan E.( lie ,'• - Rig Pia 1 A. 1.1r5 Lau - Oct A pm food, Sr( bate clo of their same 13 dispatct Week. Subs( Com! The ineetim Notice or befo tioneki 171. shi Londcz Bristol Lieerp Chelt* Beadle t _ Right Thom henry Chary P. C J. J. 'talk e Sulu, A.l J. C Tha C. 3 Sir Low ...=._ (I The It meet at PAL Xttice Pay o n Menu, titre 2, Londo Brist4) Liven Clieltt Iteadi: Lor. FA Thl 'he r Plate the ^. Com Coin