The Sun. — London, England, 1806-03-19 00:00:00

;-!7r e' ing - the liberty of indu§try.; rewards cl-..creed by t . beEmperor himself redouble the emu lation oftl4c workmen; a drawing school will mAure. the perfLxqion of the arts. Lyons communicating with the "iyledierranean in the South, shortly with the. Rhine by the Canal Napoleon, with the Ocean and the Channel by the Soane, the Loire, and the Seines, the outlet of Switzerland and Piedmont, will enjoy a commercial depot; which, by developing the lx- e mefit of so fortunate a situation, will effe6tually render,it the centre of a vast commerce. 'The. ancient .Savoy, along time oppressed by the. policy of its Sovereigns, happy at being united by its law's to a country to which it had already be longed by its manners, offers to the Emperor faith -fa' and well-tried hearts. Every thing is in motion in its valleys; heretofore nearly inaccessible, soon oßened to the most procluiitive communications; but "the great operations of *which it is the theatre do not suffer the most minute interest "to be negle6.ed. The Castle of Chamberry rises from its ashes ; the deserted / buildings are restored to public utility ; the asyluMS. are opened for indigence; places of repOse are secured for the traveller ; the germ of industry is planted in the soil to which it seemed to - be a stranger: "The Emperor passed the Alps by that read whiCh his genii's had concei - . - ed, and which his power ; :executed. new.scenepresents itself' to our view.; - Piedmont 'still retains•sothe vestiges of a revo lution lesS terrible, but more recent, than our's. It does not seem to be entirely French, neither by the serithnents' that prevail in it, nor by the advantages which it enjoys : the Emperor, who had twice ap peared before the walls of Turin, at the head of a v;6lOrious army, and r: he had not entered it out of respea' either 'for its roisfOrtunes or its weakness; , entered that eity'for the firSt tithe': he. shewed hirn e self there as the father of his new children, without :soldiers, without guards, accompanied solely by the 4• enefits which he broUght, greater and more power fill from this noble Security. The affedions to which he entrusted himself burst forth en ali sides. • " The people of Piedmont have slim's themselves NsTorthyof the confideneo with which he honours them., Tlie public homage comes forward ,to adorn his train; the great pronietors, who hitherto remained apart, . press around' him -; the. unsettled Administrations, enlightening theMselses by his genius, assume a more firm and more regular' form; 'abuses are reformed ; • languishing commerce rev ices;; new channels are pro mised to-it; uncertainties are fixed, opinions are re . coneiled,, and those who, in the times of - difficulty, daoted themselveS to the interests' of -France, are assured, that France will ever .faithfelly remember ...their services •• those:who; engaged by the benefits re ceived from ;heir ancient masters, have thought that miSfOrtune gave new force to. the duties of gratitude, learn that their new Sovereign is too generous to keep anyremembrance -.but that, of the devotion of which they have shewn ti.emsehres : capable. Services are recompensed, ,whatever may -have • been the date of them ; and the new Country discharges the debts of the old. The principal families, admitted around the Imperial Throne, -spread about them the splen dour of the honours they have received. The great preprietors, without espeaing the return of any one privilege, have rio exclusion to fear. Every thing resumes the place wh;is wisdom and justice marked out 'for, it. Piedrhont first conquered by arms, is how naturalized by benefits. • • " From that period every part of Piedmont may, date the establishment of them - lost valuableinstitu - tions ; but three Cities, • more especially, from their nature, must have attraded the attention of the Em peror ;---,Turin, Casa]; Alexandria. Turin, hereto fore the residence of a Court ; Casal, the ancient capital of Montserrat, long since naturalized by its recolle&ions, its at - tedious, -and its customs e- Alex andria, round which, in times. of war, all - great mi litary operations must turn, as on their pivot ; Tu rin, widowed of its Kiirs ° s, has the consolation or an august promise : 'A brother of the Em peror will rule over that beautiful Country ; and his known disposition is a pledge -of 'the happiness which lie w ill shower doWn upon it; he wiil reside at Turin ; an amiable and brilliant - Court will restore _to that City more'than it has been deprived of. Its magnificent palace' will become the abode of the Graces and of beneficence---s•beretofore a gloomy fortress, surrounded with enemies, who communi cating with France and Italy;• of which it seems to be the . tie of union, it-will no - longer be ehvironed but by friendly States, and Commerce arid the Arts, eager to inhabitit, will carry. th<them their choicest Savours. Casal, overlooked'until now, but ardently devoted to the head of the; Empire, has only been loud in its acclamations, and never uttered a com plaint : the Emperor has anticipated all its wishes ; a - Lyceum, a Bishoprick; and Courts of Justice, will restore life and aaivity to that beautiful city, which will moreover be enriched by concessions. These -benefits Will g ive a rapid development to the advantages which it derived from its happy situation, from its :indulgent climate, and from every gift of nature. -Alexandria; .proud -.to. receive within its walls those warriors whose victories it beheld, and to .whom, it fell a conquest, celebrates their arrival as a triumphant festivity; they are already assembled within its walls. The Conqueror of Marengo is sur rounded by the companions of his glory on that plain which afforded it so distinghisheda theatre; the meed of valour is dispensed by the. same hands who before directed' its exploits. A monument is ereaed to the manes of those who devoted theth, selves-for the sake of their Country ; the different inhabitants of Italy, crowding to this spectacle, ce lebrate in concert with the French soldiers, the an niversary-of a clay that has fixed their destiny, while it secured that of. France. In such plains France be always sure to conquer ; there shall be estas Wished the bulwark of the Empire ; there shall be . to the strongest fortress in Europe. Rivers are to turn back their'course, to flow protection around it; the / deepest combinations of the military art are presiding over these immense, works, upon which more than twelve millions of livres have already been expended,. The Emperor has drawn up the plan of them, and-followed ail their details: he makes Alex andria the seat of all the great military establish ments; but while, he assigns this high importance to it in time of war, he is' anxious it should enjoy all the blessings of peace ; lie re-established its interior administration ; lie has created for it a trade of depot and transit, which it will derive from the rivers that' bathe t, aad from. the. .commtglications of which, it forms the Centre : its plains, not long since ravished ' s - „ . 4 r..y robbers, are rescued from the scourge with which it was desolated for ages past a - The benediMons which accompany the Empe ror have' been re-echoed through the whole :chain of the Appennities. Getioa heard them..e--she hastened to present her homage to the Emperor, and her wishes to the French : she is half French by her afTe&ions and her habits. The interest of her own affe6tions commands her to be so entirely. Locked .up be tween , the sea, which formerly supported her, the passages of which our Enethies, who are her's, have Stopped up, and those mountains, which our laws, wisely prohibiting, make a barrier ,to her, Genoa, at a loss for every thing, Without Strength, without laws, almost without Government, wishes the honour of an adoption which would unite-her with the - Great People, and cause her to enter into a par ticipation of the blessings it enjoys, and of the first of all those 'blessings, its Government. This wish has been-accomplished--it was the wish of all-classes of the Citizens, to'all of whom the union has been a benefit, The Emperor has consecrated it by his presence : he was received with the transports which the presence of a: Deliverer excites. Genoa, now French, receives the produce of Piedmont; furnishes France with the produce of her own industry, lives and enriches herself by her, e and promises her, in return, 'an increase of maritime strength and corn,' mercial wealth. Many of her Citizens., already known to the Emperor, receive flattering distimaions from him. The French Laws are introdUced there without injury to any of the intereAs which have • heretoforeemade. them flourish. Her thiances are ameliorated--her pnblic debt is consolidated,-hr territory is increased--it is divided .into Depart ments, and the Department nearest to France re ceives a name whi'cli recalls one of the first suc cesses of the Here of France, one of the first eroW•ns with which viiitbry has adorned that front, si n ce so loaded-'with laurel's. The laud where this laurel, the presage of so many immortal successes, has been reaped, deserved well to be made French. Parintt and PlacentiT, whose destinies were for a long time unsettled, and subjected to- Gothic institutions, are now proteaed by the head of the Empire; and from his passage there they may date a code of laws and a system of Governtr e ent better suited to our etilight ened age " 4. . Italy has also changed its faee, and the anolent kingdom. of the Lombards has risen at ' NAPOLEON'S command. Italr, reposing herself tin der the shade of 3.1 - onarchy, after her long troubles, has no longer -any thing, to envy France for—the same breath re-animates her-- e the same poWer pro teas her—the same spirit establiShes her new in stitutions, adapting them to her situation and man ners. - 'Milan has saluted with the name of her King him whom she had before called her deliverer- Mantua receives with transports him who, under her wails, was the conqueror, of five armies, sent one 4fter another to defend her. " Asseuibled at Castiglione, the French Soldiers recall to their remembrance the successes of the Army of Italy. Into whatever part of Europe they are conduCted by the genius which has so often led them to victory, they permit themselves still to hope fora the most brilliant successes. Italy is proud to receive Laws from a new CHARLEMAGNE, and fancies she sees all the pr6sperity her soil and climate are: calculated .to produce renewed in all its ancient glory. A Prince nursed with his lessons, - and previouSly adopted by his affedions, as he has been since by- his decrees, continues his work, forming hiMself on his model : Italy at- . taches itself with enthusiasm to' hiS steps.. bis playing a new chara6ler, she hopes to prove, that her long weakness was the vice of her institutions, 'and not The fault of her inhabitants. France, cul led:l)g with eagerness the details of these grand' creations, and supposing the Emperor still em ployed in accomplishing them, was surprised to see him at the Very-gates of her capital, and ordering an account to be given of the internal state of the Em pire. A. few days after England hears with asto nishment the cannon along the coast of Boulogne proclaiming his presence. In the midst of his chosen Troops, and of his last cares about those grand preparations, he seenis‘to taste the sweets of repose. His long calculations are near their close, his impatient Army, fancying they are already ar' rived at the moment that is to reward all their la bours.—England, in alarni, no longer for her glory and her commerce, but - for her very existence, pre, pared a powerful diversion on the Continent : her cry of danger made that Continent tremble; its warriors rushed to arms, advanced from every quar ter towards' France, and already threatened her Frontiers. On this,unexpeEted aggression the Em peror changed his plans of the campaign : short was the triumph of England ; for, having di verted to other Countries ,the calamities which she dreaded herself, she has only hastened the downfall of the, props whiCh supported her poWer, and, dug an abyss which is sure to 'swallow her up" * * The late -victories in Gerthany 'are next de scribed in the like bombastic strain, to be handed down- (as .the writer says) to the remotest .poste rity. Peace, be tells us, was concluded even before some parts of France knew that the War had begun. " If courage and genius condui,led the War, ge , nerosity and moderation have made Peace. Through these, a Sovereign unsuccessful, in his warlike de signs, has recovered by Peace a great part of his States : his losses are nothing compared to the dan- - ger of being deprived of all his possessions. " The Princes, our Allies, have seen their Au thorities enlarged, and their titles dignified. The Ethperor's bounties surround Frarice with Nations attached to her Government. Italy, that illustrious daughter of France, and who promises to be worthy of her, has shared in the . fruitS of the. War—but her strength constitutes our's ; her riches add to- o u r prosperity ; our enemies are driven far from her shOres ; they no lon4er can stand in any commer cial relation with her ; this' rich prey is snatched - from their avidity. Italy is a conquest, gaiiied over England. She is now united to Germany by the 'doable bond of neighbourhood and friendship, and by that alliance which' her Prince has just formed with the daughter of one of the most powerfiil SovereOis of the German Empire. Now it is that Peac6 i 5 secured to the mild, inhabitants of the Motmtains of the Tyrol ; commerce will soon enrich its before, deserted and its having; - been conquerec, prove, in reality the source of its happiness; , The Emperor, at',nttouslowards his Enern;es" co 7 { . , and great, to his bcen g,reat or generous tip his ovm lie: ni; and i:is Army : never was such - a harvest ;of trciphies presented to the - eyes of men,. n: t did ever any Nation receive so magnificent a present ;—the Seat of the Senate of the Empire,- the Cathedral of this City, the Hotel de Vile, are filled and decorated with the Colours taken from the Enemy, offered by the noble and delicate liberality of the Conquerora .reconi, pence equally honourable to his assOciates in victo ry, and to his People, who have followed him with their prayers, and who were preparing to second him with all their e•Torts. The Army has perfdrin ed several campaigns in three months. France counts them by their successes . ,:and the Emperor by the 'favours which he confers, f` Those who have devoted themselves for their Country, have bequeathed to it the interests Of their families, and the care of their memory : their Conn-, try has satisfied this bequcq ; but the recompence most worthy of a 'French Soldier is the regard of hi's. :Emperor : it•is the glory of the Empire, increased, by his courage—the transports,of all Franee em bracing him on his return. The. Emperor wishes . they should come and enjoy these transports under •his sight; that a . triumph-al Fete should be given to tote Army in the Capital, a spectacle worthy the great events .which -are to be celebrated;. in which all the splendour of the arts, all the pomp of cere monies, all the designations of glory, all the accents. of Public joy, will encompass the Grand Army, as sembled in ,the presence of its ivorthy Chief, and' will make a brilliant Attendance for .the phalatri. of Heroes. The repair o:' Churches which had fallen to decay; and the diffosion of Religion and Mora lity are much magnified. The Governinent has, it is said, much- reason to be satisfied with the patriotisni of the Clergy. • The , revenues granted have been considerable, but the imPortance of the object is still greater." Various other internal im provements are detailed, but- particularly those of the Ports. " If you cast.your eyes on our Ports, you will see that exertions are making on both seas, to render them mere accessible, more commodious, and: more secure. Basins are digging at Antwerp ; and Callas are 'forming at Antwerp, Dieppe, Os-. tend, Dunkirk, and Havre. At Honfleur, Bour deaux, Nice, Hulinguu, Belleisle, /*colt), and Bastia, Quays are construaed, and. Jetties or Moles lengthened or re-built. All these different kinds of works are carrying on at Rochelle. The cleansing of the Ports of Cette and Marseilles is continued, and that of Oleron is enlarging. The Ports of Dielette and Casteret, are prepared in such a manner as to-be capable of receiving. a great number of. Vessels and Gun-boats, which will alarm the Inhabitants of the English Islands of Jersey and Guernsey, as those Of BOulogne menace Dover and London: The _sound ings taken at Bruc have all - brded - SatiSfaCiory results; the Rhone will have a Port. Engineers have exa mined what improvements it is possible to inake in that of Genoa. •Six millions eight hundrekand fifty. thousand francs have been expended on the Military Ports. 'This sum - has been priocipally applied in the Excavations, the Jetties of the Mole, the Construc tion of the Outer Port and Basin,. and. the founda tion of the 'new Port; BoxArmerE, who is des,tined to complete this beautifill maritime creation, and Worthy of his name, will he, in:the Channel, the terror of England ;—at Boulogne, the Basin and the Sluice, the, completion of the works which consti tute the whole of the Port, and the construction of the.establishments by which it is surrotifided :' 'at Ambleteuse, the works necessary for deepening' the Port, the elevation of the Jetty, which Lproteets it from the sand driven against it by the .West wink the line-walls, and the buildings; at Brest the formation of an artificial' Island, the Exeavations in the Rock, the Hospitals, the Magazines, the Arsenal, the Barracks, and the completion of the Batteries; at Antwerp, the continuation of the rapid works which are to-form the Arsenal of our Ma rine on the North .Sea, the ereaion of quays and work-shops ; ,in the Road of Rochefort, the jetties on which Fort Boyard is to be erefted, and the ope rations of every kind required by this difficult con struaion. ; Eleven other points have constantly had works in . activity : Ostend, for the completion of the Batteries, and the formation of a Marine Hospi tal ; Dunkirk, for cleansing and repairs ; Etaples, for the establishment of a .Povider Magazine ; Havre,.tbr the maintenance of its; establishments ; l'Orient, for the ereCtion of an Artneuff, and the repairs of its bUildings; Rochefort, for the repair of the quays, the enclosure of the arsenal, &c. Too lon, for the construction of the General Magazine which was burnt, the building for the great masts, and the works for raising four vessels by which it was obstruaed„ This Port, one of the most beau= tiful works of art and nature, recovered from its disasters; will sooty, be free from every Vestige of thdin ; the same hand which took it from the Ene- my will restore it to" its tbrmer prosperity. There telegraphic lines are formed to Brest, tO Brussels, to Strasburgh, with branches to Boulogne and Cape Grisnez ; -a fotirth line will- extend in, six months hence to Milan by Lyons- and TOrin." ": • . The Orator then proceeds to a minute detail of other improvements :—" The town of Napoleon ville, Morbihan, is (he says) making a rapid pro : gress ; Vendee applauds the birth of,* new capi talthe city of Napoleon has seen - the foundation laid of 411 the greatestablishments which are suited to its destiny, and can vivify the Department of which it is the centre. Rising from a before unin habited forest, she will invite the exertions of COM merce by the roads that interse6t each other within her walls. She will see her happy situation sought after by a people faithful'and devoted to her Prince, who has restored her religion to her, accompanied with tranquillity and abundance. s The Emperor has permitted his name to be impressed upon those two magnificent works, as upon unperishable medals, to serve.as memorials of great calamities completely re paired. " England attaches no great interest to Italy.— Belgium is the true ground.of the hatredwhich she bears to us. " But Kaand, the hundred and ten departments of France, the Kingdorxi of Italy, Venice, Dalinatia, Istria, and Naples, are- now under the protection of the ImpeK . al Eagle ; and the union of those States only affords as the means of being formidable on our frontiers and coasts. "• Bavaria, • Wirternbnrgh, Baden; and several of th principal Powers of Germany, ire obi "Spain, firm toits.purrie, ba3 Manifested a hue... able, diligence, valour, and fidelity. "' In former wars Russia and England had pro niiie&the Emperor of Austria an augmentation of Italv;' to draw him into a war ; but that Monarch; better informed of the state of things, has acknow ledged the danger of being in alliance with England, and leaves. all the affairs of Italy to France: having merely gained• re-possession of his States through the moderation and rnagnanituity of the ,Emperor, he knows that he can only find in the friendship of France, the repose and happiness which his Subjeas . want more than any other Nation of EuraPe . . The• Emperor of RUSSIA, unable to do us harm, will feel that the true pOlicy of his Country is con centred in the friendship of France-Levery, thing, as well as his gennineiglory, is . coneentred in the libe ration of the seas ; and in. the refusal to recognize ' principles which are detrimental even to the smallest States, and which has led them to. suitain bombard ments and blockades rather than submit to acknow ledge thoSe printiples. ' , F The Emperor,' after each victory, offered Peace to Austria. He also Offered it to Naples before the •War—Peace . violated 'as soon 'as sworn, and which has produeed the downfall of that. House. He also offers it to England. He does not mean to force that Power to recede from the prodigious changes made in India, as little as Austria and RUSsia front the iiartition of Poland ; but he has a right to •refuse to recede from the alliaticeS and unions which (Orin, the new Federative System of . the French Empire. " h Turkey is• cobtinted . under the yoke'of Rus sia e and it was.the Emperor's chief aim, bygettin“ - Dalmatia into his hands - , to- be: ready to prate& the most ancient of our Allies, and to enable him to maintain his independence, which is Ofmore • itu port.ance to Trance than to any ; other Power. The .First. Coalition„ termivated=bythe Treaty of Campo Forwio, had the favourable issue for France of the acquisition of Belgium, the frentier-sepalatior t of the Rhine,. the bringing of Holland qnder the fe derAe.inflUeliee of FraAce,"and the conquest of the States now iforming the Kingdom of Italy. The Second Coalition gave it Piedmont and the Third hringsVemee*and Naplesuniderthle Federative System. " Let England be finally convinced of her imbeci lity=i-let her not try to onerake a fourth Coalition, if it were in 'the nature of things pOsSible to renew it. " Such • 'lave been: the exertibus 'Of - GoVernment • for the glory . and prosperity of France ; th e Emperor looksonly to what remains to ,be done, Which he thinks more of than what a has' already Performed; hut it is not conquest that he projects. He has ex.- . hausted _military glory: He wants none of those bloody laurels which he has been con gilled to v., then. To perfe& the public Administratton„ to make 'it a source of lasting .happinesS for his . people, as well as of an increasing - prosperity; 'to render his ath the .lesson- and =the- '-example - of a TO' and -eleva tett meralrty ; to. merit the blessings not only of the pre, sent, but 'future generations, whose interests ever .-occupy his mind.: such is glory which Ile.aitns to possess such is the,recompence which he pro, raises himself, for a life devoted to the -.nest noble, • Lit,, at the same. time, the must painful duti." The Minister having concluded'the Etpose, the President informed hiM, that thy.,Assenably would form itself into a . Coninlitte . to consider of • . .• e • MINISTity, oF VICE-AMMIAL LINOIS TO THE MINISTER OF MARINE. Simon's Bal . , 3dCowiilementary Day, Yeax la. " GENERA'. MISISTEIt, " If you have received the Letters which I have before had the honour of addressing to your Excel lency, you will have been informed, that, on {pit ting the Isle of Fratice, I determined to change the. pian of the canipaign, from ditierent. motives, of which Igave you an account. • " I therefore contented - myself - %vith sending . tct the Captain&eneral DEcAEN, who ;was absent from the Port, notice of the new Plan on 'which I had determined, and I immediately. got.under weigh on the :;44 of Prairial, fear ij,..accompanied• only by the Belk Poule Frigate. • ' • • • " An American Ship, which arrived at Isle of France at the moment of my departure, informed me that he hid been boarded the preceding even ing, off - Rodrigne, by the yn g lish Ships the .Tre, nzendous, of 74 guns, the G,Tallipt.q, of 50, and a Frigate:l ‘ 7 I first . steered my course to. the .Lechelles, where I - , had bun inforwed that.sorne. of-the .Ene ray's Ships had Appeared, but which I did not find. In quitting that Archipelagd, steered to the North, proposing to eruize at the entrance of the Red Sea. • • " Naar Soccotra we experienced, for several days. such violent storms and - rough seas, that our sails and rigging snared much, Tlie Belle Poole suffered much and being Una bleaily longer to keep 'to the rind. a§ked permission to _go before it. I then determined to steer - large; and • cruized at the entrance of the-Chan nel of the 7th of the Maldivian - Llands. I remained there twelve days; With pretty:fine .Weather.. passed that Clilinnel after havincr reconnoitred-the - Malacca Islands, and I. tool my parallel of De Gilles; '4O leagues to the Westward of this Port. I knew that I could remain but a few days on this cruize, on account of the currents - which.run to the East, and of which Y daily . felt the influence, not withstanding all the sails which I could set. On the 18th of Messidor,. I at-.last . espied a Vessel ; it was an English Flag of Truce, from Bom bay, conveying 1 . 70 prisonerS to the Isle .of France. I took 74 of them to reinforce my . crew. I learnt the Declaration of War between Spain and England, • and had information- that some Ships in Bombay Roads were on the ere of departing for China, .and that there was only a Ship of War of 50 . gun . ; I. was in 'sight . of Ceylon, in the-day-time standimg to : sea, and at night towards the land ; I forced Myself to prolong this cruize. . . On the 22d of Messidor, at six o'clock in the morning, we perceived two ShipS to windward, standing before the wind. I tacked to the North ward to cut them off from the land, of which we were in sight; they kept their wind on the same tack, fled, and made- signals which indicated, their being Enemies. "The Belk Priqle, - by her superiority of sailing, first came within cannon-shot of one ylf theni, which endeavoured to get ashore, but which was rendered impossible by our . - respe6tive_ positions. At three quarters past t‘Vlve The Belk.Poule made bier strike, after some 'broadsides': .left" the to take possession of her, 2nd •k4i wind on the same tack, 1