The Sun. — London, England, 1822-01-02 00:00:00

77 • / - ~.<1 i ! / -,• V , NUMBER 9159.1 itstbj' ' OYAL-EXCHANGE ASSURANCE OFFICE, 'lshed by Royal Charter, in the Reign of King George the First. December, 1821. puttSONS-, whose annual Premiums fall clue gee 1 . 1 11 the 25th instant, are hereby Laureled, that Receipts I h e p ready to be delivered at the Company's Offices, over s,pee „ Eachange and in PaII-Mall, as well as by their re " $4ll - e t d i 'e agents in the several Counties ; and the Parties as aies ,'requested to apply for the Renewal o f their Poll blot before the. 9th of January next, as the usual 'l l l t a l h Fif ;lief% lowed for Payment, beyond the date of e a c h Po " en expire. .SishIIIEL PENNING, Jun. Secretary. the Au Attendance is given, daily, at the said Offices, for in fuiPance of Buildings, - Goods, Mercbandize, and Ships, mar, L lonr, in Dock, or while Building, from Loss or Da rt t% Oti, y i t ict . L , • L. a d for the Assurance of, and ranting r. . i . r n es • l so , :P ()licks will be issued free of Expcnce to the As- Iviltre the Annual Premium amounts to Cs, or up- - _ iii . kkRRIED CLERGYMAN, accustomed Puitt,torntany Yeats to Cite TV rrioN of a FEW PRIVATE detui 4 i Would be glad to op a Vacancy with the Son of a us tt ,elliatt, wh o s e Health o r Ed uca ti on may requ i re more t h an fr„tl t it tention. Terms 175 Guineas p er a nnum . Distance I, lo Qudon ten miles. fel*;74 to be addressed to Rev. B.L. Mr. Reynold's, Book- Oxford-street, London. t v , to PREVENI bIILDEW in COT KIN° , of -4 ' ' ; ‘ B , made either of HEMP FLAX , orTO N.. ; LSSILS BROWELL a nd CO. 23, Alder tOanbury, having had their uveution honoure a Bril,•"gh examination of the Society of Ship Owners of d G by reat ‘Jeti4;:: ,aod Mr. COCK, its S ecre t ar y, h a vi ng on th e t Ith tb t "Lst acquainted them, " That the Committee (from tll e t l ( dence laid before thew) are perfectly satisfied that `• And`ovention possesses the valuable quality - ascribed to it, U, co nsequently that it is of great ituportauce to Ship I,li,eruestts in .gShippingral ;" beg l ea v e t o acq u a i n t the Shipping ,Xwi t i that Sail-Cloth of various kinds, which have under- Gt:rhrheir Process, may be had of 'Messrs. Chalmers - and rt - ii ,t,:"-, I dol -lane, Power-street. Each Bolt is marked by a Plit t ~,r a P with a Crown surrounding the letter I3.—The low rw.„_"'' 6, . per Bolt (or I Ad. per yard) occasions an expence er t ,'s.'ted u • • • `5 ler cent., for. every Ship of what , 6 ,, gln eny case i - "---..1.:22P , in the whole cost of the Sails. _ - - LoNDoN, D. c. 14, 1821. S4 I g,.AGItICLILTUR.AL,'COLONIAL, EAST INDIA, wr iNfi ai d AIONIED UNITEDINTERESTS of the UNITED IN l abOM'. gl • EETINc- of MENIBERS of these,seve. t 11 ' Pki BRITISH INTERESTS is intended to h e held a t "sa le uT f LONDON AVERN, on the assembling of Par ;t n u ti for the purose of INVESTIGAI'ING the CAUSE ea Pre sent NAI p IONAL DISTRESS, and of discussing at at 'fr.t a ,Y 4 i lig a Remedy; and particularly for the purpose o f "ou.."mg wheth e r o u r nati ona l i gnorance o f t h e m i g h ty "Lit y of th e British Empire is not the principal chose of difficulties, and whether those mighty resources l'rek k ; e beneficially brought into action by a wise and com -I",eitylite sYstent ot Commerte,fnnded principlesof rem. oei e r Yt benefits, and d u ffcombine ith a system uf finance, gir k e 4 44 self creating and selfsupportiog principles, so as efin,',,yrnent to the whole of our capital, tints q f',_'l,trg nd people, and thereby to reuder a numerous and population, with a propm;tionate taxation, Vejte , '" - iiister ie l of what they now ar e , a curse. z4snthe knowledg e of r ,• it a system of commerce and ' tho inevitable tendeacy of which would be to remove 'ith - weir' distresses, and to carry she power and prosperity pl4 - . 4 de lltitish Empire to the highest pitch, the Meeting will xtualefraainted ' • anti, as all British Interests have one to promot e, it is inteniled thattlieMeetiog should e,„7 1 eepettleity of petitioning - Parnanteut to a ppoi ut trit,,; , " l4 ittee to ascertain th e value of each and every British a t , 4 t to th e Si ete , with 3 view t o th e imp os iti on , on r i va l in r li A Pruduats, of protecting duties, which shall equalize, markets, the barthens and privileges of Ft,- `it .7 4, t British liroduters, Ship-Owners, &c. Under such of rillable system, commerce mi g ht b e al l owe d t h e f ree d om u s , -t ,,nd the interests nf every class of Britons, being se kuni 'twine preference and unequal competition, would ' ' t„ - ',.' o sently secured and rapidly advanc e d. a lerilifacturing Interest at present possess undue pro ~rrru• Protection ; their machinery is untaxed, or is at least 4, 1: 5 1 i ualiy and inadequately taxed as compared with ma . Okid t 441. 1—a large portion of their labour and poor are Landed Interest, through the poors , • tote, for "NdieS Manufacturing Interest repay nu equivalent. In :kae s , l ° - lo these considerations, it. may be added, that t h eir diet 'sting from foreign in lieu of Culenial and British tl 'Ath ts r l 'm's is a loss to the Empire, amounting in the whole ?eioi,l-twenty millions sterling per annum. The Manufac lio„ thorefore, cannot be considered as an entire British t skgreat part of their capital' being employed on Product • n o r can th e y b e cons id ere d as h av i ng senti tke g r _ i t9getke r congenial with the real interests of th e Ene bevef "I 'inviting thew to attend the pr o posed M ee ti n g, h rs ae,;e r .. ,- tti e y will be consider e d as p resen t i n th e i r rea l t o f ) :: t 7 r *l Merchants, as well as those trading exclusively iii s,although both amiable and wealthy as Fontlemen, are still in their mere mercantile cha. It rtiPtv °, l4l. 7.facturs for others; and, in their d ea li ngs , are ‘ gardless country, ur of the cost of product i on ci lt ,, All-- ".e.proyided the customer atthe end pays them their ^ or a p ro fit o n th e ad ven t ure . Th ey are a l so, b ow- Pit to attend the propd Meeting ; and it is put Itel - ,"dour of many Merchants t heinst.lves, alalter, as s e laws have invited, and do invite, them to invest foreign loans, forests, amidships, or in foreign : 4 9,1. 4 7Pi11ax., cotton, tobacco, and rice fields, or in the art and faetorage of them, thereby alienating British ,• of nr no as limy are now or about eitiployin . g d foreig f niti nislepeople and ships, to the great prep of the Empire,—whether their attendance ca , n u sue " that of a real and entire British Interest. his hil e - n I learellsem to determine. It is also wished to be that an Interest supporte d by a slave popula itt, rs very short in its value to the State, when compared a - ` 4 .1 that gives employme ti t t o a fr ee p o p u l a t ion : Pali t .--,, ,r eat them •to consider, th a t th e measures f ur w hi c h 14 , ti e "'ollis intended to be made to P a rli a m ent are f oun d e d 9tes; nit Profitable Peiticiples 7ble employment of our own, and n o t f ore i gn 't ist,t, °e sslayes,eisristit ues the wealth and p ro sp er ity o f th e is V.,t opire. .fit l 4 4 : l 'e a griculture of our Empire, wen dilly rotected, .: - ,NOitl i - t b t of and propelling power to h our other p branches • t t Y; and thatailiimately all our tither interestsadvance 'r tt N i tad with it • e e ‘ , 1 71..51e exports are the mere payment of our imported 4 N, ',Consumption ; and that our general consumption - •114.4 be increased by the profitable employment of the sak i , t l , - . 11t ; of our people. ivo2dttro consequence of our Empire requiring about two ", T eti t, : "')9t llions of additional people, to bring all its re source, . it t e S, t"b ievery•mati, when duly employed, is a positive gain 4 eL i osil t et but, when deprived of profit:11)10 employment, lor.7 l 4,`°;it, on'the otker f iat s of about fifty pounds per ‘li' t tl - 4,, 4 ,,nd consequently that the . consumption of every ' 411 04',' (eren though sadi articles were.bestowed upon zi i:Cli ai ."°fiation) provided we can produce the like of the Pi t Ztailticle ourselves with otherwise unemployed people, re 4 :4:o; us than if we paid such of our own unemployed '4,7, l g' Its production fifty pounds per annum per man. isq:.th:arge taxation eau be supported only by a . large in , tri *, la t lneither the .quality or cost of things are State ques ;./ „nelung solely to traffickers, prodncers. and Consum- V ,, 1, H 4t all that statesmen have t do is to ascertam their State and protect them accoidiegly. PraLefte" 9f meeting will be announced in a future adver l'rehru'tr', rile Gentlemen who attend- it are ref - limited to be 14 1, ° , 5 „ 41 approve or to dispute the accuracy of the, above 1'fie;,',a, 1 4 ", 14 . - The 'Editors of NeWspapers, anti other publi- I vii"Pl t , - 'e invited to insert arguments in opposition to these ,'iti,„ 4 4;: Provided they do the same by the answers. Those eeL"lk, - „'ltand the fundamental rules on which the propo 'eat. erouuded, as well as those who do not, and yet tia~tfii'Y int erest i n t h e i rsuccess, if found to be true, may t '' ‘l '' h '' . .Particulars, (if by letter p os t-p a id,) on app li ca- P JOSEPH PINSENT, ‘A 22, Birchin-lane, C orn hill, L on d on. / et,Tie,:tnelieh ro a n has completed the discharge of his duty thifk4lerins Wins country. remains untried of averting th e approaching nicTisti FIRE ( )FFICE, STRAND and CORNHILL. EESTABLISHED in 179 for Insurance of Houses, Buildings,. Manufautories, Goods, and Mei , . chandize, Slips, Vessels, and Other Property, on the most ,equitable terms, and on principles affording solid and per manent security to those insured. Inn EGTOR4 &c. JOSEPH WARNER, ESQ. ( hairman. Hon. DOUGLAS NINSAIRD, Deputy Chairman. 'Rt. Hon. the Vice chancellor William Marsh, Esq. Sir.lohn Cox Hippisley, Bart. Thomas Mande, Esq„ Sir Robert %Vigraw, Bart. George G. Mills, Esq. William Agnew. Esq. Richard C. Plowden, Esq. J. P. Auriul, Esq. f John Soane, Esq. John.Bebb, Esq. G. H. Sumner, Esq. M.P. S. P. Cockerel% Esq.. Robert TaylOr, Esq. James Henry Deacon, Esq. John Varnham Esq. Charles Freeman, Esq. James West . , Neill Malcolm, Esq. ltd ,Williams, Esq, Solicitor. RICHARD B ' ARNES, Sec. Ttig L.O.NDON MAGAZINE. No. XXV. for JANUARY; 1 . 622, price 6d. contains the follow ing Original Articles : Art. 1. The Twelve Tales of Lydda! Cross ; Introductory.- 2. Elphin Irving, the Fairie's Cup-bearrr:-3: Dream—Chil dren, a Reverie, by Life of Christopher Ansley ; Continuation of Dr. Johnson's Lives of the Poets, No. lII. ,6. Beauties of . the Living Dramatists, No. I.; a Serne from Virtue's Harvest Home, a Comedy in Five Acts, by T--- m--. Esq.-6. Osmytt, a Persian Tale, Part 11.-7. The Early French Ports: Antoine lHeroet, and Mellin de Saint Gelais.-8. Hymn to Spring, by John Clare.-9. On the English Standard Heroic, with some Remarks on the Frew!) Drama ; Leisure Hours, No. V.-10. Neapolitan Priests . On Imitation.-12. Dramatic Fragnient.-13. Authentic Anecdotes of the late Dr. Barrett, Vice-Provost of Trinity College, Du bli n.-14. Casimir's Ode to his Lyre.-15. Sketches on the Road, No. VI.; Leghorn—l 6. Review; Sardanapalus, The Two Foscari, arid Cain, by Lord Byron.-17. Letters front London' to a Friend in Edinburgh, No. 1. ; The Leith Smack.-18. Review; The Pirate, by the Author of Waver ley.-19. The Drama.-20. Report of Music.-41. Abstract of Foreign and Domestic Occurrences.-22. Literary and Scientific Intelligence.-23. Monthly Registers, Agricultural and Commercial Reports, Births, Deaths, and Marriages, University Intelligence, Lists of Books, Tables, &c. &c. N. B. The Monthly Register is printed and paged in such a manner as to form an Appendix to the Volume when com pleted. Printed for TAYLOR and HESSEY, Fleet-street. DREADFUL. OCCURRENCE. An accident of the most dreadful nature took place on Monday evening, at the Rev. Mr. MUR. e.Ay's, No. 22, Charles-street, BerkeJey-square: About half past six in the evening, the family were alarmed by the report of a pistol 'in the upper part of the mansion, and on proceeding to the nursery, Miss Mary Gayton, a beautiful young lady, only 17 years of age, and the sister of Mrs. Murray, was found lying on the , ground weltering in her blood, having been shot (unin tentionally) by her nephew, a youth of between nine and ten years of age, who had incautiously obtained possession of his father's pistol. The consternation of the family may be more easily conceived than described. Mr. Bradley, a sur geon 7 residing on the spot, was immediately sent for, and arrived within three minutes, but life was instantaneously extinct. The ball had passed in at the left breast, and had divided two of the principal arteries. The deceased reeled against the bed, and exclaimed 46 Oh James," the name of the infant aggressor, and immediately fell dead on the floor. Yesterday at twelve o'clock, a Coroner's In quest was taken upon the body by ANTHONY GELL, Esq. at the Running Footman, Charles street, Berkeley-square. The nursery maid was examined by the Coroner, and from her evidence i appeared that the deceased was upon a visit to her sister (who, it will be remembered, was the once fascinating and amiable Miss Gayton, of Drury-lane Theatre, the cele brated dancer), and on the evening in question was sitting in the nursery, with the maid and an infant, when Master James Murray entered, and pointing a pistol, said to the deceased, in the most playful and unconscious manner, " See, aunt, Pa' has lent me his shoot you," and immediately pulled the trigger. The deceased rose, uttered a scream, and ex claimed, " Oh, James, James," then reeled round upon the side of the bed, from which she fell to the ground. The poor girl was drowned in tears during the whole time of giving her evidence ; and when she spoke of the deceased, described her as the most amiable, kind young lady she had ever known ; and that she was beloved by the infant family of her sister, eight in number, the one implicated in this unfortunate affair being the eldest. _ N 11:. Bradley, the surgeon, of John-street, Berkeley-square, deposed to the situation in which he discovered the deceased, and stated, that although he was instantly present, life had fled before his arrival. The Jury then proceeded to view the body, and the sight of such a beautiful young creature, thus untimely cut off, drew tears from every one present. On their return to the house where the inquest was held, The Coroner' made some feeling remarks on the dreadful state of mind in which the relatives of this unfortunate young lady must be placed, and hoped it would operate as a caution to every one who kept fire arms in their houses, to be rigidly par ticular in preventing their being placed in improper hands. The Jury insftlidy returned a verdict of " Accidental Death, by the unintentional discharge of a pistol." It appears, on inquiry, that the children had been amusing themselves with an Infantine Procession, and Representation of the Coronation, and on New Year's Day, a little entertainment was to have been given, for the purpose of gratifying the juve nile performers. On Monday, the eldest boy, Master James Murray, requested his father to lend him his pistol, as he was to represent the Champion ; to indulge the child, the pistol was brought; it had not been used for upwards of a year and a half, and was very rusty ; Mr. Murray examined it (as he thought carefully), and not finding any priming in the pan, and only one flint, it being a double-barreled one, incautiously suffered his child to take it, who immediately proceeded to the nursery, to spew his aunt, of whom he was most affectionately fond, his prize. Every heart must sympathise with the afflicted relatives, who are thusplungcd in misery and grief, for the premature loss of one whose accomplishments and spotless life endeared her to all who knew her. CORONATION CIIAIR.--Friday, a large pack age, containing the chair used by his MAJESTY at the Coronation, was landed at the quay of Perth, from a London vessel. It was imme diately forwarded to Drummond-castle, the seat of the Lord Great Chamberlain, where, as the report which accompanied it from London affirms, it is again to be made the seat of Royalty, orders having been given to have it placed in state for the King on his visit to Scotland next summer. Without placing much faith in the nisi fallit falum, we are certainly Scottish enough to wish that instead of a modern piece of furniture, however splendid, it had been the ancient coronation chair of Svotlann, taken (to use the mildest term) from the Royal Palace of Scone by Edward (Perth Courier.) 1.; • _ , t k r • A • \- ••, , a; • - -,et 4 ! • - 2-•% 5'4 C34xitioaitirr A sv , r 'elf - • PRICE SVENPENCE karth. But, owing perhaps to a remnant of that disposition which, when a boy, made me to listen to tales of terror, though at the cost of a night's rest, I resolved not only to read, but to study Mr. Malthus. ever y was very faint at the further extremikb and on reaching it we turned, on the left, into one rather narrower and daiker, and on the de scent. This last passage opened upon some field,i, in which I observed several persons very ac tively employed in endeavouring to cultivate gad improve the ground, and in repairing the walls and fences of some small houses, the occupant's of which appeared to look on unconcerned, while vast numbers of children were running about . ; and.. I distinctly heard the rocking of cradles in the dwellings. Those who were tho busiest in this place were men of a benevolent aspect, sa, much so, that I felt strongly inclined to enter into conversation with them : but whenes or I made a forward step, my Guide pulled me by the sleeve, and I observed his countenance lour. The persons whose looks had so much pleased me also regarded my companion with in eye that indicated a feeling b2tiveen fear and contempt. On • quitting these grounds, we turned down a path which had been screened by a thick hedge, and which brought us to the backs of the small houses, which I now under stold were, called " Matrimony Row." But what was my dismay, on observing that I had now be fore me a part of the vile swamp which envi roned the large . building, the view of which had been concealed by lofty trees. I started back, and.woultf have tied from the accursed spot,. but my companion held me fast.—" Now," said he, " you •shall learn my reason for keeping aloof from the gentry with whom you seemed so well inclined to make acquaintance. The site of this Row was., as you perceive, a morass, and so 'it would have remained to this day, if a set of blockheads had not taken upon them to erect the said Row, and thus,. as they thought, to. wrest from vice and misery a part of their lawfni. domains. • They persuaded, my. friend Capital, or rather one of his junior partners.who had been his clerk, to countenance the project ; and the Lord only knows how many more such Rows would have been built, upon the like rotten foundation, if I had not interfered. You will observe that the houses have no windows at the back ; the good people look on what ,they call their field ; but which, in spite of all the exertions of the wise acres, who, to give them their due, work hard all the year round, are continually melting into . bog. 4tit wait a little, and . you shall see a sight. Although there are no - windows, you will observe that, in many places, the?oun dations have crumbled,. and that there are holes large enough for a child to fall through." He had scarcely said the word, when, sure enough, down rolled a child, about four years old ; and it: no sooner reached the mire, than a wretch of a fiend-like form sprang from behind a lump of filth, seized the child, and ran away with it to the den of misery. This, said I, is past bearing; let us away. Well, resumed my companion, such scenes as these are passing con tinually, as Geometrical Ratio would tell you. Oh !—d--n Ratio, said I, pray never name him to me. Nay, be not so angry with him, replied my Guide, he cannot help these accidents : they are solely attributable to the fouls who built that row of houses, and which, please God, shall be pulled down in due time. I believe, however, these men, with their smiling countenances, mean well ; but they are, unknowingly, the agents of vice and misery, those grim, gaunt gures who range about the morass ; and hence my aversion to them. They resemble the simple bird who, when pursued by the hunters, thinks to conceal himself by running his head in h bush. Instead of turning their backs upon vice and mi sery, they ought to face them boldly, with pro per weapons. My friend Moral Restraint is the only man who is able to make the least head against them. We (for I am, in concert with him), have, as I hinted before, taken measures for gradually assimilating the - whole of the build ing to the part which is under his immediate su perintendence : but I have no hope of seeing much done in my days ;—it must be the work of many ages. Ages! said 4—no—of a few years. —Ages ! he repeated, if ever ; and, with these words in my ears, I started from my reverie.— It was well I did; for my fire Was dying out,. and my candle-wicks had' grown into cauli flowers.—And thui, said I, (snuffing them) Eras my metaphor run into an allegory, and, with pre cisely the same effect—that of casting a shade of obscurity over my meaning. On the whOle; however, the train of reflection into which 'I had fallen had so far removed say prejudices, that I entered with alacrity, and a pleasing'sort of melancholy, upon the perusal 'of the succeeding volumes of the Essay.— My waking thoughts on this celebrated work must be reserved for a future opportunity. I am, dear Sir, very truly your's, - December 31, 1821. INDEX. A His first volume was truly appalling. It spewed me a set of fools for ever breeding and multiply ing their species, in order to supply the insatia ble maws of two g r i m g i ants , v i ce an d misery. 1 quaked for. th' system; it appeared scarcely worth a week's purchase. I closed the book and, as is not unusual with me, fell into a reverie. Methought Mr. Malthus conducted me to a huge massy building, whose broad foundations were laid in a noxious swamp, over which its battle ments frowned horribly; on every side nothing struck the eye but images of woe; women and children starving amidst skulls and bones, while_ the furies ran about screaming and cracking their whips.—Oh ! exclaimed I, thou geometrical ra tio ! thou prolific source of evil! what havoc bast thou made of all Utopian schemes. Thou art worse " than fables ever feigned, or fancy feared." The gorgons, the hydras, and chime ras of ancient story, were, in comparison with thee, mansucte, domestic creatures. The seven champions of Christendom, though they slew their dragons, and all sorts of monsters, would have been no match for geometrical ratio. Here's a law of nature !—here's a grand Mo dern discover y ! " Now the rotten diseases of the Smith, the gripings, ruptures, catarrhs, loads o' gravel the bask, lethargies, cold palsies, raw eyes, dirt-rotten livers, wheezing lungs, bladders full of imposthume, sciaticas, limekilns the 'palm, incurable bone-ach, and the rivell'd fee-simple of the letter, take, and take again such preposterous discoveries !" The vehemence of feeling with which I uttered this execration half woke me : but 'I fell again into reverie, and observed the author of the Essay eying me with a mixture of surprise and pity., He con descended to ask what ailed me ?—What ails me, said I ; why you are bent upon destroy. ing a beautiful Castle, which I have built.—A Castle ! what, in the air, I suppose. - Ah; such castles are easily demolished ; but, unfortu nately, as easily reconstructed, and I warrant me you will soon erect another. Pray have you sur veyed this place ?, The question re-kindled my wrath, and I began to swear a prayer or two.— But the worthy Gentleman, preserving the ut most complacency, begged of me to tranquillize my spirit, and to follow him. I could not well re fuse ; and he accordingly led me round an angle of the building, by a narrow rough path, which! had not befo-re-perceivetL Having ascended few paces, we came to a place which really looked very pleasant ; the grounds were laid out in good taste, the air moved nimbly, and " smelt wooingly." He now pointed to an elegant struc ture, which he said was an appendage of the hi deous edifice which had first offended my sight. To say the truth, said he, I detest that place as much as you do.. It is quite out of proportion to this part of the building, and I hope to prevail upon the proprietors to make some alterations.— Thus saying, he advanced towards the portico, where stood a respectable middle-aged person, of a rather severe aspect ; but who received us with a smile. Mr. Malthus whispered to me that he was the superintendent of the place, and that his name was Moral Restraint. He left us rather unceremoniously to pursue some young folks who, while his hack was turned, had glid ed towards a passage, which Mr. Malthus told me communicated with the main structure.—On coming up with them (for the majority did • not try to escape him) he gave most of them some sharp pinches, which must have left marks in their flesh. He then rejoined, and politely ee -1 coMpanied us to another erection, which had a more splendid appearance than any I had before seen, and here he left us. These were the Oar- - ters of Mr. Capital, a portly Gentleman, Who greeted Mr. Malthus most cordially. The inte rior displayed a happy union of elegance and com fort. We were introduced into a room in Which were a great number of models of curioutmachineS, and from the windows were to be seen immense quantities of merchandize, the overflow of -spa cious warehouses. In short, every description of wealth was under our view, a portion of which I thought was in danger of being spoiled for want of use ; and, on further observation, it was evident that much had been wasted on some things, while, at a greater distance, I discerned many unsightly -and shabby objects, and •espe cially some extensive fields overgrown with this tles, where it would have been better bestowed. Refreshments having b een handed to us by a well-fed servant in a rich livery, we made our bow. A fter we had left Mr. Capital's mansion, I communicated to Mr. Malthus the idea which had struck me, that much of:the wealth which Mr. Capital seemed not to kbow what to do with, might be beneficially devoted to the reconstruc tion of the huge, old, ugly building. He replied, that this was a very common but erroneous opi nion : for that all attempts of the sort had gene rally failed. Mr. Capital, said he, is a Wiser man than you suppose, and it is quite unlike's sary, or rather, I shotild say; mischievoUS' to in terfere with him, Leave Capital to find out his true interests; hnselde m or ever ma ke s a mistake. I was now in a temper to liste:► submissively to my Guide, who led me towards the passage which Mr. Moral Restraint was so careful to guard. He made no attempt, however, to checki our progress. As far as the eye could reach, which was a considerable distance, its width and height, and the evenness of the pavement, gave one the idea that it led to apartrn , .nts of ccrres ponding magnitude and beauty : the light, how. clerk, confidentially employe in a respect able commercial house in the City, lately ab sconded with property belonging to his employers, amounting to between three and four - thousand pounds. lie has been traced t 0 il.ayre de Ciricf, and there appreh e nded ; but the constituted authorities object to : giving hi;n pp, as, by the French law, they haVe 'the imwer of confining him for five years in prison for travelling under;; false name. When taken, abort 251. was fOund upon Ms person, and the lady' who 'accompanied him, we understand his wife, had jewellery to the amount 0f.1001.' abouther. She is under the surveillance of the police, and he is committed to prison. lie had been living_sinCe . Jnly last with, the female that accom-panied him, in the first style of fashion, and is reported to have since married her. lie was A frecAtient visitor of a noted gaming-house in Si. Janies 4 i-street.— (Morning Paper.) WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 2, 1822. FOR, THE SUN. Mr. MALTHUS's SCH O.OL of POLITICAL 1346N01141 [UTTER. ILj " It is the diffusion of luxury among the mass of the people, " and not an excess of it in a few, that seems to be most ad " vantageous, both with regard to national wealth and na " tional happiness."--MALTHus. MR. EDITOR, — , It is, or ought to be, the ob ject of political economists, to explain by what means the greatest quantity of articles necessary to the well-being of a state can be produced, and how the produce can be so distributed as to ensure the comfortand prosperity of all its mem bers. Now, as it is evident that the condition of the laborious classes of society mtxst.:depend upon the proportion which their numbers bear to the numbers for whom profitable employment can be found ; in other words to the state of the market for labour ; it is of the utmost importance to as certain whether or not it be possible so to regu late the supply of human labour, as to ensure to the labourer the means of comfortable subsist ence. Mr. Malthus has been at great pains to prove, that the evils which afflict society are occasioned by the tendency of population to increase faster than the means of subsistence, and the same doc trine has been maintained by Mr. Mill, iu a work very recently published, and which is entitled " Elements of Political Economy." Mr. Mill is a writer of unquestioned talents, and has de servedly established a high reputation by the ela borate, learned, and critical work on India af fairs, which he has given to the public. In his Elements of Political Economy we have the fol lowing passages : " That population has a tendency to, increase faster than capital has in most places actually increased, is, proved incontestably by the condi tion of the population in almost all parts of the Globe. In almost all countries, the condition of the great body of the people is poor and mi serable." " This general misery of mankind is a fact which can be accounted for upon one only of two suppositions : either that there is a natural tendency in population to increase faster than capital, or that capital has, by some means, been prevented from increasing so fast as it has a ten dency to increase." Mr. Mill proceeds to prove that the first is the true supposition. This he does by shelving that the human female is capable of bearing ten children, and that land becomes .less and less grateful for each successive dose of capital which is administered with a view to stimulate its pro ductive power. Although we might argue that the art of agriculture is as yet in its infancy, and that it probably is within the competency of che mical and other sciences to discover the means of vastly increasing the fertility of our lands, and of rapidly converting our wastes into productive fields, it would be absurd to deny, that if population should go on increasing, at whatever rate, a period, however distant, must arrive when the whole surface of the globe would be covered with inhabitants.— A devout believer in the Divine authority and permanent obligation of the primitive command, " Increase, and multiply, and replenish the earth," would perhaps tell us, that when it came to such a pass, either the Almighty would rain down manna from Heaven, or teach us to draw our food from the bowels of the earth. Why, he would say, should it be deemed more un likely that men may hereafter subsist upon me tals, than that they should derive their nourish ment from clay, which Humboldt, and other veracious authors, assure us actually constitutes the food of some hordes of Indians ? Let us, then, go on propagating, fearlessly, until the whole substance of the globe is converted into human life ; and if we should then be constrain ed to devour each other, depend 'won it, there will be as much pleasure in being eaten, as in eating. We shall know that nothing is in reality destroyed ; and always retaining a consciousness of our identity, we shall doubtless perceive that every transformation of form is a change for the better. Abandoning this ground to theologians, let us apply ourselves to the awful question of popula tion, in the serious and sober, not to say sad spi rit, which befits the character of a political economist. Before I address myself to this task, I will confess to you, that, from my earliest recollec tions, I have been prone to speculate upon the gradual improvement of society, and have even gone so far as to expect that the progress of im provement would not be arrested, until it had entirely banished vice and misery from the world.—l am aware that such a confession is ill calculated to give weight to the opinions which I may have formed upon the subject of political economy ;—it is enough to excite a suspicion that I have not as much brain as ear-wax ; but have made, and will not recal or qualify it.— This being my creed, you will naturally sup pose, Sir, that hearing almost every right-headed man of my acquaintance pronounce the new doc trine of population to be irrefragable, and being told, that, in comparison with the evils produced by the principle of population, those resulting from human institutions, however foolish or ty rannical, were " as mere feathers that float on the surface," I must have dreaded to look into a book which was so hostile to my long cherished notions. Such, in truth, was the fact. I laid my account with being obliged either to abandon them alto gether, or,, at the best, to refer them to an age when miracles should again be wrought upon k 4