The Sun. — London, England, 1847-02-12 00:00:00

Pril2C 4 a ay in st were 4 !eV andi sledge. !.s Grey . OEL er Ma- • 'cant Lon. A. Wtst- Iro and ighneso use. incesS Royal .1 W ed- sterdiy Count ,otis de o iev; 3d the ess thr mmons d John Etecom - Right iscount Right :ufnelly ,ration e r, gr. IO U ! ), hog Horns luid ,ds ana s coulit lon. C. tiog of lid so terdiy. a Rail '., Mr. urban]► icitors, ion. E. Nail' Tattoo or the George Town v with T. rester - of As- Auded. 5," wa-4 i_ ..... ..,,, -- .---- IV4 2 xd 195 245. 0 `' A 23 4% the ih." fusing his pages, paused to admire the beautiful (Ji g" vinga scattered through them. To those, however, who are already acquainted with these beautiful works, this !ley/ edition must prove most acceptable. The bind ing is both elegant and durable, the typography is of ex - rttedir,g clearness, the print being of somewhat large size, very distinct and legible—a matter of no small im -I%ortance in such a work. The twelve volumes c oe:tein no less titan one hundred and twenty eligravings on steel. and two thousand on wood; comprising portrait: of some of the, historical eliterawers mend .neel in the novels. speeinetins of armour, coins, anti costumes, iitustrstive of the various epochs referre d to, together ata ether with liscapes Amongand fictitious scenes . the i arti3ts who have fur biBberl the illustrations WY ti74l the names of Wilkie. Stanfi eld, Lamdseer, Turner, Chclon, Allow, and nieny others; of distinction. This last volume contains a very beauti the fal engraving of Sir David NViikie'a painting of " Abbotsford Family"—a picture too generally known to n ee d comment or c o mmendation. The ro mance of " Count Robert of Paris," together with Carle neangerous," and the shorter tales, forms the "t )ri t,"ita of the twelfth volume. " Count Robert of r"" i•s illustrated by some scenes from the East, by "'Dm , which offer a pleasing contrast to the Scottish : arl d'Acepes of "Castle Dangerous." Among the former r "er most beautiful view of the beautiful Stamboul, with 'LgS myriad minarets ; among the latter, is a sviran glimpse of Cadzow Forest, Lanarkshire, by M'Culloch. To this volume is affixed an index of the pr.ver names Mentioned in the whole work—a sort of dramatis per sonce—telling who each individual is, and in what work and at what page his name is first to be found; there is also an index to all notes, and a glossary of the unusual words ; inoreover there is an analysis of the plot of every tale, wish the numbers of the pages on which the various incident► are to be found—this will be of great advan tage in tall cases of reference. It would have been, per ham mere convenient had the analysis followed after each tale. Among the illustrations of this volume are " interiors" of the library and armoury of Abbotsford, and also of the dining-room in which Sir Walter expired. There are besides these, representations of Dryburgh Abbey, bhey, la:.s buri a l phew:; of the tombstone of -!• grave; f the s..,atue in this "Scott monument" at Edinburgh; and also of the monument itself. However much this beautiful edifice may be admired, and however much the treader of Scott, contemplatin g the picture of it in this 7rolutne, m a y o . vn t h at i t was deserved, and rejoice that it was erected, he must also own that it was certainly inot needed. Yet it must be regarded as a testimonial of &grateful and admiring people, not as a monument to perpetuate the memory of Scott—that were indeed su perflaous, while his works exist. It were indeed " use less and ridiculous excess" to attempt, by perishable stone, to preserve tl.e memory of one who has himself built his own monument in a material— " rEre perennius Regalique situ pyramidunt altius Quod non imber edax, non quito impotens Possit deruere." MURRAY'S HOME AIVD COLONIAL LI. BRARY. .No. The Sieges of Vienna by the Turks. At a moment, when the indignation of the civilised people of Western Europe are aroused by the flagrant act of despntic usurpation just perpetrated upon the Cracovian republic, it is well that this little volume has been published. We thank the noble translator, the Earl of Ellesmere, for this generous exercise of his in tellectual capacities. We thank Mr. Murray for the opportune moment he has chosen for issuing this fine narrative—this narrative of sublime heroism on the part of a great-hearted nation; fur it is well that the world Should be reminded, how infinite is the debt of gratitude owing from Austria to that Poland, which its dastardly and execrable selfishness has been instrumental in destroying. It is well that men should not be allowed to forget how Christendom was saved by Polish valour, when M ussulms n were invading Europe—how Vienna was saved from the ruthless ! , cyrneters of the Turks by Polish soldiers— how the very existence of Austria was saved under the Walls of Vienna by the dauntless warriors of Poland, under the banners of John : -, olateski. This admirable little volume will serve to re►ive the recollection of these facts, to the eternal glory of Poland, end the everlast ing shame of Austria. FINE ARTS. ROYAL GEMS FROM THE GALLERIES OF EUROPE. Part XI. In's) serial publication of this nature, one of the first considerations is naturally the diversity of subjects in each successive number. Since the appearance of these " Royal Gems," we have had nothing to complain of on this score; and the eleventh part, now lying before us, i 5 a very favourable specimen of the discrimination of the editor. Mr. S. C. Hall here introduces to our notice copy from the ori g i na l o f a li v i ng ar ti s t, William Salter, being the portrait of a child, and headed the " Young Cavalier"—a copy from the celebrated painting of Van dyke of Charles the First—and another of the famous Market Cart " of Gsinsborough. The latter en graving strikes us as being the least successful; there is an absence of that glitter and brightness which charac terises exquisite:that picture in the National Gallery. In the original the leaves are swimming in sunshine—here they seem blighted by the smoke from a lime-kiln. The notices by the editor are virittenlin an agreeable and po pular manner. THE HEROINES OF SHAKSPERE Part X. No nobler inspiration could be desired by any artist, than the characters forming the subjects of the present part—Perdita, Constance, &id Virgilia. Perdita—the " thorn•blossom" among the rustic scenery of the 14 in• Ser's Tale. Constance, the Queen of Sorrows, while the sun— " Plays the alchymist ; Turning, with splendour of his precious eye, The meagre cloddy earth to glistening gold," casts herself with her " great gr i e f" upon the ground, for kings to come, and " bow to it," Virgilia— the Romann3atron, to whom Coriolanus protests with a beau tiful emotion of continence— " Now, by the jealous queen of heaven, that kiss I carried from thee, dear; and my true lip Bath virgin'd it e'er since." And yet, with these inimitable creations " bodied forth to the mind's aye," there is a remarkable deficiency of fancifulness in these engravings. Perdita being too much of the dame des salons; Constance having too little of the sincerity of woe in the expression of her mouth. Vir al' having somewhat of sulkiness and insanity in her countenance. THE CHRISTIAN IN PALESTINE. Part X. As admirable both in embellishment and description as its preceding portions. " The Jew's Place of Wail ing" has a mournfulness about its seclusion most appro priate and impressive. " The Plain of Jericho look ing towards Moab" is a more splendid delineation of a landscape than we had thought possible to have been produced in mere black and white. Besides these, there are other illustrations, though of somewhat inferior merit. THE PICTORIAL GALLERY OF ARTS. Part XX V. As this publication approaches its completion, it im proves visibly. The engravings are of a more finished character, and are copied from more elab.irate originals. In the present part, for example, we have drawings fr , :m Fra Filippo, Lorenzo Ghiberti, Giovanni Bellini, Peru gino, Ghirlandago, Fra Bartolomeo, Maso Finiguerra, Andrea Mantegna, and Sebastian del Piombo. Besides these there are the Jeremiah, the Cumean Sibyl, the Jonah, and the Ezekiel, of Michael Mtgelo ; the Last Supper, the Battle of the Standard, and the Sait:t Anne of Leonardo da Vinci ; and the whole collection of car toons at Hampton Court. The lovers of high art cannot Well desire more at a charge so moderate. CORONER'S INQUESTS ON Two WOOLWICH CON- VicTs.—Wednesaay an inquest was held at the Ordnance Arms, Woolwich, before C. J. Carttar, Esq., on the bodies of William Abbott, aged 27, convicted at Buckingham, in July, 1843, and sentenced to fourteen years' transportation, and William Wallington, aged 54, who was convicted at Worcester in July, 1843, and sentenced to seven years' transportation. The jury proceeded to view the bodies, which lay in the dead-house in the Arsenal. After this they went on board the Justitia convict hulk, and inspected the food, testing both its quality and weight. They also asked some of the prisoners whether they had any complaints to make, and they replied in the negative. At the request of the jury, the dietary table was produced, and read by the co roner, who remarked that it was superior to the dietary ta bles of any union he had seen. The table was as follows : On Sunday, Tuesday; Thursday, and Saturday, the allowance was I4i ounces of beef, a pint of soup, 11b. of bread, 4 ounces of biscuit, and 2 pints of gruel. On Monday, Wednesday, ant Friday ,4 ounces of cheese and 1 pint of table ale were snbsti t ed for the meat and soup, the other articles remain ing the same. Then returned the inquest room, and the first witness called was M r. Bosse, the surgeon of tbe establish ment. who merely spo k e to the identity of the ea ceased. The Coroner then addressed Mr. Bossy, and said that he had ot a h t erw all is r e efl th ec a consulted with the jury, and without him in the remotest degree, or beans reflecting satisfiedug with the evidence he had given on former occasions, still they wanted to place the matter so clearly before the blic and to exculpate him , if possible, in the clearest aendbeat manner, that they had requested him to make a post mortem examination, in company with some medical gentleman whom he ( the Coroner) would send down. The examination would be his (Mr. Bossey's) own, and, if necessary, the other me dical gentleman would be examined as to the medical treat ment. What had transpired in public had created such ex citement that it was requisite to have the fullest investiga tion. Mr. Bossey said, that with reference to what had been stated as to the treatment of the men in:the House of Coin- Mons, he could only say, that an inquiry was going on at the present moment by the authorities, and he himself was desirous that the very fullest and fairest inquiry should be entered into, not only as regarded the past, but also the pre sent treatment of the prisoners. He believed that the more the matter was searched into, the more unjustifiable the charges would be fund. They had originated with a convict on board the Justitia, and had found their way through some channel to a place, where, had they been sifted, their false hood would have been at once detected. The inquiry was then adjourned for rhe post mortem examination. INHALATION OF ETHER EV R AORDINARY —A man was admitted, Wednesday, into t Royal Free Hospital, and on the arrival of Mr. T. 11, akley, jun., one of the sur geons, it was found necessary to perform an operation, to which the man at once consented. expresAng a wish that it might be " done with ether." He was then retneved to the operating theatre, and Ferguson's apparatus being charged, the patient commenced inhaling, which lie did most 'vigorously for half an hour, without any effect being ob served. liar. Wakley, jun., thiekeig the case a failure as regarded the ether, was anxi o i ti to c“: 1 1111' : , fte" ••I , rttli,•l , . but the man persisted in inhaling, and in tiiii Kcal ininuies from that time be became quite insensible, and remained so for four minutes, during which time Mr. Wakley performed very serious operation without the man betraying the slightest consciousness. Thus he inhaled for nearly three ( Darters of an hour, inspiring the vapour of three ounces o Pure s u lph u ric i inzr,e ether. The man, howy.r, ext.:Hed e the fact by ad—. that he was a " wager !rinkar." The paiicilt is doing well, and has ex. Perieueed no ineoevelliaica irom dose. Sevaitii medical gentlemen were present and declared the case HU- Pretedented. THE SUN, LONOON, 1 1 ,11.1 DA Y MORNING. FEBRUARY 12, isl 7. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, Feb. 11. The LORD Ch ANCELLOR took his seat on the Wool sack at Five o'clock. CHELSEA PENSIONERS' BILL. On the motion of the Marquis of LANSDOWNE, tt.is Bill was rend a third time. and passed. DUTIES ON RUN]. The Earl of RADNOI' presented numerous from Cupar, Fife, P,rth, and other places in Scotland, against, the propo,ed al , erations in rho dutie-: on rum. POOR-LAW SETTLEMENT. The NOBLE EARL also pretented a pAihon from th:4 city of Old Strum praying their Ir:rd:Bips to amend the law relmiug to the Poor-law S.-ttlemtnt Act. POOR REMOVAL BILL. Lord BLANEY pre:wn:ed a petition trt:m ..lonagban against the I'oor Removal Bi ll. lIYDROPATHIC TREATMENT. Lord BROUGHAM presented a petition, signed by Mr. Rowland, a 6urron, stating that he 114 d heard with surprise that a verdict of man-laughter had been re turned on a coroner's inquest ugairna a gentleman for treating a patient under :he hydropathic treatment. The NOBLE LORD also presented a p•Aition, signed by a Air. of the same nature, (as we understood). Mr. M. GIBSON replied that the Bill was in prepa ration, and some legal provisions had been subKmirted t o the c , in,ideration of the Lord Chancellor. lie ha►d every hope that at no distant period the Bill would be sub tnitted to the House. WASTE LANDS IRELAND. Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN gtve notice that, to-morrow, he would ft'dc a (iurstion of the Noble Lord aL the head of th , .. Governmeat, as to whether, in the event of a company L‘ing formed for the reclamation of the waste lands of Ireland, the Noble Lord would fa cilitate the acquisition of the powers by which it was proposed to efT, et that object. Dr. BOWRING put off his motion relative to public itecou:.t. till this day fortnight. Mr. CHRISIIE also postponel hit moti,an for an in quiry into the li - oiversities ut Oxford and Cambridge till the same day. NOTICES OF MOTION. Mr. WADDINGTON gave notice ot his intention to trine in a Bill for the r, gulAtion of the lqvr relating to small tenements. Lord COURTNEY gave notice of his intention to more an unwudnaent to the Poor Relief Bill in Cotnwittee. HIE WELLINGTON STATUE. Ms. CRAVEN BERKELEY gave notice that, on Monday next, he would ask the Noble Lord at the head of the Wte As and Forests wl:et her any , communication had been made to the Government by the committee of the Welib - glen statue with respect t • the removal of the scaftelding round the statue; and, if it was to be removed, at whose expense the removal was to take place? Is_.rd CASTLEREAGH presented a petition from a place in the county of Down against extending relief to the able-bodied poor in Ireland ; as, in the opinion of the petitioners, it would tend to increase improvident marriages, and lead to the confiscation of the property of the country. They also prayed that if such a mea,ure should be approved of by the House, that the extension of such relief should be optional with the board of guardians. Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN presented a petition from the fathers, mothers, brothers, and sisters of those who had fallen victims to the famine in Newport, county Mayo, praying that immediate measures be taken to stay the mortality among the ke..ll,ty s . us Mr. MlLES:prbstjr4 ti Pettltion from Shepton Mallet, against the PotiFß•inoTalAdi of Just session. Also a petition from . bristoOn, favour of the reduction of the duty on tea. stsTENtsillOUßS' BILL. Lord JOLINRUSSELL presented several petitions from mill-owners gull Otbeis, in favour of this Bill. 1 . U1511 , -- MEASURES. Mr. ROEBWOR 'Wished to ask the Noble Lord a question. Those .SPere`now before the House four Bills respecting Ireland. One they might consider to have be-n disposedsg---41e meant the Bill for the immediate relief of the degitute poor of Ireland, which had s one through Comm4tee, and which might, therefore, be con sidered to have received the consent of that House. Then there wait the Bill to indemnify the Government for their depaeture from the Irish Labour Act of last year. Besides These Bills the re were t h e P oor -l aw Bi ll and the Bill fesegraesieg lotdas of money t o t h e owners of land in Ireland. What he wished to know was, whether the Nor-law Bill would proceed pari passu with the landlords' Bill, or whether he proposed to carry them separately? Lord JOHN RUSSELL said, in reply to the ques tien of the Honourable Gentleman, he had to inform him that it was the intention of the Government that the two last Bills—the Poor -levy Bill, and the Bill for lending money to the proprietors of land, should proceed together. He could not say the particular days ou which they would be taken, or whether one would be taken before the other, but he should wish to have them read a third time almost simultaneously by the House.—(Hear.) He was anxious to have them read on days so closely following each other, that they might be sent up to the other House of Parliament, as nearly as possible at the same tune.—(Hear.) He considered that the one measure should be decided at the same time as the other —(lie tr, hear) —for if the one failed in its object, it could not prove otherwise than detrimental to the taw. several properties. And what was the evil con- sequei ce of toe introduction of these atiddle men ? W hy, another evil of almost c (pal magnitude —thst of subdivision. Then there was another evil, that of con-acre. These middle mon let houses to the poor people without any land, and these people were therefore obliged to take land for the sake of the poor people, and the consequence of this was the increased population of the country, the note drainage of estates, tow wsgue, which could neither support the men nor their families, bad hour s, and general distress, and the still further result of a tax on the lands of England. But there were evil coesequences in another way, for whilst the poor people were starving they were absolutely sending corn out of the country, to the extent of too inilliens and a half of quarters. He found by the returns that in the first six months of 1840, the exports Of cern from Ireland amounted to 1.776,000 quarters, while the imports 1 , 1 -* thi. Government am: , unted to o•:ly 118,000 quarters during the same period. The gentlemen did not return to the p— plc to give profitable employment, and the result \yes that the pro prietor did not employ the people—the farmers did net employ the people, and the occupiers did net employ the people, and the people did not work for themselves because they bad not the proper remuneration for their labour. Tle re could be no doubt that the want of security for the tenant with regard to their lends was a feeble source of misery to the people. There were two counties, one in the south, end another in the north of Ireland, between which he would m a n e a comparison—he referred to the counties of Down and Limerick, and in one of those, the distressed condition of the people arose entirely from the small holdings having no security for their tenure The number of farmers in Down, holding front one to five acres, was 14,000, and in Limerick it was only 7,000. The number of farms in Down, from 5 to 15 am a in extent was 11,000, and in Lime rick the farms of the same description amounted to 7,000 The number ef farms over 30 acres in Down was 15,000, and in Limerick 300, and yet in Limerick the presentment amounted to 186,000, and in Down to 2.976. Farms were more suodivided in Down than in Limerick, and yet it was rcore prosperous, as, by the cestom of the country there was a proper security to the tenant fur any improvement he might make in his lands. The only way to elevate the condition of the people of In land, was b, securing them a compensation for any improvement they mask make. There was a prevalent feeling in certain querters that smit'l lettings should he dune away with; that no one should be the farmer of land unless he had held the plough. But how could they ever expect the labourers to rise unless there were different sizes of farms. In the county of Down the benefit of small lettings had proved to be most beneficial. The tenant right for which he con tended was such, that the holder of lend was not re quired to give up possession without rect lying from the proprietor the value of the improvements he had wade. lie could also sell the improvements to any tenant that might tbllow. What would England and Scotland do in the harvest season, if it were not for the Irish labourer? lle was no advocate for small holdings as they existed in some parts of Ireland. He was no admirer of cettar tenants but he did maintain that a considerable degree of the prosperity of the north of Ireland depended on the division of land into small but reasonably-sized farms. —(llear.) With reference to the system of mid dlemen, he held that it was one which destroyed all confidence between the landlord and tenant, which repressed all improvement, and was a fruitful cause of the miseries of Ireland. No security was given by the middleman to the tenant, and he could not claim one from the landlord as the middleman stood between them. Unless they passed a law for the i eprovement of land. lord and tenant, it would be of little use to pass a law for the relief of the destitute pour of that country; and unless there was such a law passed, it would be uttrrly useless to do anything she, and there would be an end to all iinprevioneet, and an entire loss of all the labour aed the expense which had been incurr, il, Ile did say that there was a greater evil than that of the absentee landlords, for he could say, from his personal knowl i dge, that the properties of many of the absentee landlords were in is tar better condition than those of the resident landlords. The people were better housed, better fed, and in a better condition on those estates. It was said by the Irish latborils, that if the rates were levied that they would nevtr be paid, but, :f the poor people were unable to pay the rates, why did not the landlords pit) tile rates themselves. It they did so, then would they ob tain the good-will of the people of this country', and %aukd be held worthy of the money which had been centributed, and the assistance which had been rendered by this country. He del not wish te say one word that would be of ive to the Irish landlords• but in the course of bringing this s u b' ec t b e n, re t h e H ouse , h e c h a ll enge d th em to throw tiff the responsibility which their position imposed lie was thankful to the House for the indulgence which it had shown to him. He trusted that the landed proprietors would not shrink from their responsibility. lie hoped that the Noble Lord at the head of the Government would give him a pledge that some amendment of the law of landlerd and tenant would be effected.—( Hear, hear.) trui uict witted the hi silltuihene.se he hoped that he would tell him that such a measure was one of those which he intended to tntroduee. Sir 1). NORREYS said that unless it could be made the interest of the landlords to give security to their tenants, it would be wholly useless to expect any move• ment on their part to Effect what was so much - desired. In order to induce the landlords to give leases he would take away the stamp duties, and he thought also that it was absolutely necessary that till local taxation should be thrown upon the landlords, where there were not leases for at least twenty or thirty years. On this subject, be did think it would be of some interest to the House to give its attention to the opinion of a foreigner, who had probably observed Ireland, and had written ett knew the Ireland than any other person, and who probably De Beaumont, wits thought the uncertainty of tenure in Ireland was the main-spring of most of the evils that the condition of Ireland better. He referred to Mr. afflicted it.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. TurrE then addr, seed the House, but was for some time inaudible, from the confusion which prevailed. He was firmly persuaded that no benefit would accru f e a t o u Ireland till they had generally a resident, instead asser tion which had been made by some Hon- Mem b ' r well that House, that the property of absentees was as Frum absentee, proprietary. He altogether denied thco i , managed as the estates of the resident gentry. experience he knew this was not the case. *ons of the of the House very shortly to the observations Honourable Member for Rochdale. He gave credit Lord CASTLEREAGH wished to call the attention 'o the Hetiourable Men her for the best inten tions, but he might be permitted to g that the improvements in the comity to he had the honour to belong were increasing. which". hilse which was gratifying to those interested in the tenantry experienced a freedom from whatdistress ould —in the welfare of the coantry, beg to say, in one word, why He he for not support the resolution of the Hon. Member e t ,,„ Rochdale. Hun. Gentlemen in that House "se they much accustomed to look on Ireland U a n , s , i the would upon a county, and to entertain county opitiion that whatever measure would suit thatof Ireland. would be equelly suitable for the whole ~,,,,,,,_. II i in. Gentlemen were nor per b ap, a ware that thei tT ; e w ii ' t ut agriculture were widelt - different in re ul o the parts of the country. Were the mel"u care Honourable Metnber for It chdale, therefore,greatest teed in that House, it would involve lie mischief to the landed property the trusted that without a leg e on i n , ; the improvements, which were goiag that the reiations north, would extend into the south, and t he 0 D ante would between the proprietors of the soil and t be teirrisd out it a ere rit of liberates . result. ion of the Colonel CONNOLLY objected to the theforce of law, Hon. Member, because, while it did not carte . ri interests and it was sufficiently important to disturb "istirtgof the country arraiigements. He ',relieved that in the IP the system was with which the last speaker was connected tenant rights carried oat by his Noble Father of r ecop o l h. . . d made any im by making allowances to those tenants we the landlords and isiaintivtehat nctaohcteitimitraya.t. provements. Novo at the present moment,,h eac h ether, and he thought therefore, that it would be b !lhe on. Member a law to unsettle that uoderstanding• i tend to propel the tenants were on the best understanding. Tepoliej seemed to think that it woulic.ile ( Colonel Connolly ) improvement of Ireland; but different consequence to interpose believed that it would have a very be s hould oppose the in that country, and for that _n would produce a good effect. tide that no general resolution _ d detain the Hsou..e but a very Mr. LABOUCIIERE resolutions, and he trusted wou h t if he decided to oppose the few moments, and he trusted the e on. i.i Member for Rochdale t n n ow i e eeed that the subject was one t co nsider that he acted from any attention o f the House, and that he had tirteba4°tnthe House would de w acceptance el l w or th y o f o t I f i e t. h r e e solu ti o , Mr. S. Crawford would of the question in the way in which exhibiteddisrespect. a g r H e He t quite kn ew 1 . g es to the House. He chd not know Member to deviate from the course ted. Had he adopted this course, h w e ha b t a n d ad sa in k which he had formerly a P t 0 bring in a Bill, he was prepared to and had moved for ,tacteeovertiment, that he should have evinced say, on the part of to . troduction of such a rneaeire. He did no objection to the , • I h n , sa rne course bad not been adopted now see the reason weYe s but he could not help suspecting that as on former occasion r were particularly injudicious. deft these resolutions for becoming the the Hon. Member general resolutions were passed on pars intended with the Hon. Member for Donegal basis of a law. but in the present state of Ireland titular emergencies , effectedupon his holding. Now resolutions such h., " h o put two alternatives. He said with The Hon. thatlreland, the House could take one of two courses. respect to ,e a permanency of tenure of the lendbl They could either give they could give him compensation . for held to the tenant, or had • (Col. Connolly ) 1- t i l e i b at r he the improvement which thought that it was at all times ' he ( :Ur. Labouchere) before the House and lnadvi. sable to put two courseshe must say resolutions ' that the terms in which these _ .n e. To were expressed, were in the extreme vague autoslS it hingeve permanency of ether tenure to the tenant w situg er :g the princiles of but to the principle of the law of property ; compensation to the tenant, he conceived the House was, th oug h not in fact, already committed. He thought that he s h ou ld d o wrong to • anticipate the discussion w hich would _ 'eke pl ace w h en t h e i measures were to be introduced. It they interfered, they should adopt the principle of interference with caution and due deliberation, and they should take especial care that they shonld not shake the rights of p roperty, which he held to be the corner-stone, in everi , civili s ed p art o f t h e world, of civilisation and prosp erity s• but it might be right to interfere in such a manner as would place the tenant in a se curer and more satisfactory situation. He agreed with his Hen. Friend that if he would be able to accomplish such an object, he would confer a lasting benefit upon the country, and tend to her present. and future benefit. Such a measure, conferring such advantages, er•eild be a suitable ac companiment et those which her M , jesty's Government thought proper to introduce. Holding these views, he did not think it necessary to trouble the House with any further re marks. When the subject would be brought forward by the Government, he would then have an oppertunity of stating his opinions. Mr. FITZ STEPLIEN FRENCH said that the tenant right was a mess unfair and xithathievoua practice, uutair to the land he'd and unfair to the tenant ltimselc; the incoming teuitet bad to pay inure than twenty yeats' pticciaa,; for life r:,;:it of pus- , session from year to year. In fact, he h a d t o p a y a sum which I ought to obtain him the fee-simple of the land. The conse quence was, that he came there a pauper without capital to in vest in its cultivation. Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN wished to know when the Go vernment proposed to introduce any Bill on the PUbj , ct re ferred to in the resolutions proposed by the Hon. Member for Rochdale. The Bill was much called for, and it would be better, perhaps, if the Governmert would name some par icu lar peri 4. Mr. L A BOUCHERE—It depends upon the progress made with the other measures before the House. He hoped to be enabled to introduce the measure before Easter. Mr. S. CRAWFORD said that the reason he brought for ward the resolution was, that at the close of last session the Noble Lord said that a Bill would be prepared by Government early this session on the sub,e•lit. lie was disappointed in that expectation, as the Bill was not brought forward among the other measures proposed by Government. He did not wish to take the matter out of the hands of Government, but now, on withdrawing the resolution, he Ehould give notice that at some future period he should a,k for leave to bring in a Bill on the subject. The resolutions were then withdrawn. COMMONS INCLOSURE ACT. Mr. AGLIONBY moved for leave to bring in a Bill fur• ther to amend " the Acts to facilitate the Inclosure and Im provement of Commons," by providing that all waste or common lands, allotted by virtue of these Acts, shall be held as freehold, and shall be allotted as such, without reference to the tenure of the ancient lands in respect of which such allot ments shall be made. He would only occupy the House a few minutes while Fe explained the objects of the Bill, to the in troduction of which he trusted there would be no Opposition. Its object was to amend the 94th section of the Commons Its closure Act of last session, in older to facilitate the improve ments of lands. The object of the Act of last year was to enable enclosures of commons to be made for the expense of 25/. or 3t11., which formerly co s t f rom 6001. to 7001. The clause he referred to interfered materially with the operation of the Act, as it enacted that in no ease shall any land, enclosed under the Act, be let on any tenure but that of the old allotments. Under the system that prevailed is the neighbourhood where he resided, the en closed allotments were made freehold instead of copyhold, and he wished the same provision to be enacted in the present Act. He would now moved for leave to bring in the Bill.. The motion was agreed to. IRISH POOR-RAI ES. Mr. S. CRAWFORD moved for leave to bring in a Bill for better receiving the payment of Irish Poor-rates He proposed by this Bill that the landlords rate should be levied separately from that of the tenant. And the same power to enforce payment as the 6th and 7th Vic., gave for enforcing payment of tenants' rates. In the case of non-resident land holders, he proposed, should the rates not be paii!, that the Court of Chancery or Exchequer should have power to appoint a receiver. and enforce payment in that way. The motion was seconded by Mr. WILLIAMS, and leave was given to bring in the Bill. IRISH DISTRESS. _ Mr. C. O'BRIEN moved for a copy of a letter, dated the 4th day of December, 1846, from the Board of Works, ad dressed to Captain Wynne. dirocting an investigation of charges contained in the annexed letter from George Westropp to the said board, res, , ec - ing partiality and misconduct to the Lis• cannor Relief Committee; also, of the said George Westropp's letter, and of the correspondence which took place between Captain Wynne and Mr. Westropp on the subject. —Also, for a copy of Captain Wynne's report to the Board of Works, as the result of the investigation held by him, pursuant to the board's letter, on the 17th of December, ; and also a copy of Mr. O'Brien'o letter to the secretary of the board, requesting a copy of the said report, Also, a cop:, of the letter written by the Right Honourable Henry La bouchere to the Board of Works, dated the sth dai of October, 1846, on the subject of reproductive works, &c.— Copy of the presentment made thereunder at the extraordinary Session, held at Corefon, for the barony of Inchiquin, ;n the county of Clare, on the 30th day of November, 1846.—Copy of the presentment made under the same letter at the extraor dinary Sessions held at Ennistymen on the 4 h day of Decem ber 1846. for the barony of Corconcrae, in the county of Clan.. —Copy of the Tr asury Minute under which insp. ctors of Public works, or of lists of labourers, were appointed to carry out the objects of the Act 9 and lit Victoria, c. 107.—Copies of all such instructions ior the guidance of the said inspectors, arid in explanation of their duties and responsibilities, as may have been issued by the Treasury, the Irish Government, or the Board of Works in Ireland.—Lists of all the said inspec tors now or lately employed in Ireland; specifying the salary and allowances paid to each inspector; and stating by whom he had been appointed.—List of the men employed upon the said public works in the baronies in the said county of Clan., in charge of Captain Wynne, woo were struck off the list of la bourers by the .aid inspector; specifying the name and place of abode of each person so struck off, and the cause al leged by the said inspector for so striking him off, and the names of the persons so struck off he lists as afore said who had been subsequently reinsta , ed —List of the several relief committees in the county of Clare of which Captain Wynne took charge ; specifying how often he visited each for the revision of lists, and the date of each visit. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said he had not the least objection to give all these pap-rs, but there would be considerable difUcuity in giving the names of all the men discharged from the public works. They were upwards of 9,700, and to give their names would make rather a long list. At all events, however, be had not the least objection to give even the names, but it would take a considerable time to make up the list. Mr. C. O'BRIEN was understood to say that it was neces sary, fer the vindication of his character, that all the returns should b • given as he had moved for them. A charge had been made by Captain Wynne that a body of men who had been em ployed upon the Board of Works had meditated assassinating some of the Government officers, but he was unprepared to prove, by the aid of these returns, that such an intention never had any existence, except it was in the mind of Captain Wynne himself. He considered that Captain Wynne had done wrong in causing the rejection of certain presentments in a barony in the county of Clare. Mr. L A BOUCHERE sincerely regretted that any question of a personal nature should be mixed up with these returns. The Honourable Gentleman opposite had complained of the Board of Works rejecting a certain presentment. It was true they did so, and, in his opinion, they acted perfectly right. The presentment which was made by the Honourable Gentle man and others was fur the advancement of a sum of money for the improvement of private estates, and in his opinion tho board would have acted most culpably had they allowed it to pass.—( Hear, hear.) Capt. Wynne, h e thou g ht, h a d b een unjustly attacked, and Government would be highly censurable if they did not defend the gallant officer who had energetically and perseveringly performed duties of an important and diffi ult character, under the most painful and trying circumstances.— ( Hear, hear. ) Mr. M. J. O'CONNELL said it would appear that the Hon. Gentleman was desirous of clearing his character with these returns, and he thcught it would be much better to strike out that part of the return which would require three months to collect, and then OA, returns themselves might be before them in ten days. Mr. C O'BRIEN was about to explain, but, being called to order, he resumed his seat. Mr. B. OSBORNE thought the Hon. Gentleman ought to be beard. No doubt the Hon. Gentleman had risen to explain an important matter ork s h ad m connected ade a nw accusationhim sul f a g a A i n n s t o II i h c i m e r to the te effect, that hotf Works he had urged on a mob to as s as s i na t e hi m, and he thought in justice the Hon. Gentleman ought to be h eat d , because, if he had been guilty of that charge, then th e H on. Gentleman was not fit to have a seat iii that House, or any other house.—( Hear, hear, and laughter.) After a few words from Mr. C. O'BRIEN, Mr. GRATTAN thought the Hon. Secretary for Ireland ought to have stated that upon inquiry having been made into the conduct of the Honourable Member, they were fully exonerated from all the charges brought against them by t h e officers of the Board of Works. He thought those officers travelled out of their duty in making charges against trust proprietors ; their duty was to attempt to stave off the distress of the country, and not to injure the reputation of Hon. Mem bers. The Hon. Alernber's property at Liscannor was a per fect model of good management, and the tenan - ry the most comfortable and contented of nay in Ireland, and it was very hard for them to have such charge s brought against them. He hoped the House would not refuse the returns moved fur by the Hon. Member. The SPEAKER then put the motion ; which, Atter a few worth front Alt% C. O'BRIEN and Major MAC NAMARA, which were totally inaudible in the gallery, the motion was agreed to. COMMISSIONERS OF RAILWAYS' BILL. Mr. STBUTT said that it would be in the recollection of the House that a BM was passed appointing a Board of Rail way Commissioners, and that it was understood that a mea sure would be let t oduced in this session for the regulation of the railwas business before that board; that Bill he was now prepared to introduce, and would briefly call the attention of the House to the matter of the provisions of that Bill. The measure was divided into two parts—the first related to he preliminary proceedings required b e f ore b r i ng i ng the Bill before the Parli amen t ; th second part referred to those rail ways which had already received the sanction of Parliament. The first alteration proposed to be made was with reterence to the proofs of the standing orders. These alterations were not proposed to be made entirely by the measure he was about to introduce. A portion of them would be so modified, but it was proposed that the House should have the liberty to regu late its own proceedings by their own standing orders. The first measure contemplated by the Act was out relating to the surveys of the intended railways which the various c‘ mpanies were now obliged to complete before bringing in the Bill. An anomalous custom had for some time existed, requiring certain plans and sections to be deposited with the House which could not be obtained without a direct violat on of law, and latterly the trespasses committed, in order to procure plans and surveys, had emits' contlets between the landowners and the different companies, several of which had been brought under the consideration of the courts of law. This evil it was now proposed to remedy, but it would be obviously unjust however to grant large powers to these companies, except some protection were also afforded to the landowners, by giving them an easy and ready mode of obtaining compensation for any damage which their property might sustain by the persons employed to obtain the surveys It was proposed, therefore, that before the tpro moters of any railway Bill should b e authori s ed t o go u p on th e land to obtain th e surve y s , th e y s h ou ld a pply to t h e Commis sioners of R ai l wa y s , an d d e p os it w ith th em s u c h a turn as shall be considered to he property give comp ensa ti on to t h e l an d owner f or any d amage t h at m i g h t r propertyient in the opinion of the Commissioners to p r r s o . mot U er p s o o n f de th p e osi e t o in m g pa th h i y s sum s e h n a te ll r wb from rom the Commissione rs t o i ue t hp authorised t n h e t h C Commissioners , l m a n m f db r i s s o y s m i ia o n n t w h e ga r e ur s re : as u tn t r i h t v o e e n ; and, after they had so • n to the proprietor or landowner ; com pensation shall be give willing to afford such and in case the company should benot r s shoald have the such compensation, power,entered, should any damage arise to the property, full compensation, then the Commiss t io h n e placed in their hands by they might think fitting out is The next alteration pro posedby the promoters of the company. to ' • increased facilities those proprietors was one for giving upon having the parties before them, the e m s , u t m o award such dam e• from the pro )11e:ors of land, Great difficulties had arisen able to distinguish l by the plans farmers, and others, not being in what manner their and sections deposited with the now House, proposed that stakes should of land whose property was affected by the proposed railway. property s. as affected. It was h w the direction in which the be driven into the ground, proposed or viaduct, what some mark to show, in case of an carried, eni and also the depth height it was proposed to be .. of the proposed tunnels. the position of cuttings wtiere any, and .. ' t was, that of local inquiry, a principle which the The next point w as a 'Member for Montrose line would pass, the width o s f ow the g railway, and also Committee, of which the Hon.. In ordinary cases, the member, strongly recommended. deposited, when it would rail way until the plans and sections were in the course of the be too late to suggest any improvementietor of land had gone to the line. In many cases the d pr p op o r uted out to them a line that promoters of railways. 1 and pointed out to them a line that woutd riot so injuriouslY affect ' his interest, but the only answer would not so injurious d y as, that. they did not know of it before, that he usualiy obtaine late '' sv and there were then but two courses land owner was not aware of the course of the intended line of but that it WAS too ol l; now, to submit to the injury, or left (Ter' to the landowner—either opposition to the Bill in Committee, :hereby himself and the Committee a most enormous entailing both upon . under such circumstances, were d the Committee, expense, an they . yr.u.t. oass the Bill. not wit;hs'aisding 'ha ama aelled to ea) . the •r sanction to the meat: , ' ' a stice it did, or refuse .. great itii - bt , a line touch red -:- ,, d tar the inter. - s which might, perhaps, biic It was now proposed, that after the line w.s of the pu • marked out upon the around the railway commissioner should risk the chance of an - - send down a competent officer to the spot, who should state, by public advertisement or otherwise, the time at which he should arrive at different points along the line, for the purpose of re ceiving the suggestions of the landowners with reference to the proposed railway. If the promoters of the Bill should choose to adopt those variations, they may be at liberty to in elude i he m i n their line without - making t public report of plans and sections. If the promoters, however, declined to adopt those suggestions, it was then proposed that the Railway Cemmissioners should have the power, should they deem those restrictions advisable, to authorise those persons to deposit the plans and sections of such variation as they might propose, aad also be empowered to bring them before the Committee ap pointed to decide upon the merits of the Bill, and to order or refuse compliance with such variations. By the adoption of this measure much inconvenience, time, and expense would be soared. Then with reference to the proofs before standing orders, at present conducted before t wo examiners, Messrs! May and Smith, appointed by that House in the last session of Parliament, he thought that in future sessions, that it would be necessary that the proofs of the standing orders should be revised by the Railway Commissioners themselves, or officers under their supervision. At present the only mode of testing the accuracy of the plans and sections deposited with the House was by means of the opposition of the opponents to the measure. Numerics Bills had been allowed to pass the standing orders, in which the grossest inaccuracies were evi (le it to the Committees, who ha , i no power, however, of testing them. It was now proposed that the officer sent down by the Railway Commissioners to insprer, the proposed line should be &Cowed to make his report upon the proof of the standing orders, with reference to the deposited plans and sec tions. The next object contemplated by the proposed Bill referred to the duty of the Commissioners. In the Bill passed in the last session of Parliament, ap pointing the Board of Railway Commissioners, it was arranged that the Commissioners should report to the House upon the Railway Bills brought before them. It was necessary that large powers should be given to them authorizing them to examine persons before themselves or officers appointed by them, with reference to the objections to the intended line of railway, and also as to the mode of entering upon the lands of the proprietors. He did not propose, indeed he thought it better that counsel should not be allowed to be heard or to examine witnesses before the Commissioners on behalf of any party.—( Cheers.) The effect of admitting them would be prolong the proceeiines to such an extent that it would he absolutely impossible for the C,onimissioners to get through the amount of business brought before them.--1 Cheers. ) Great benefits would also result from the examination of the engineers and other witnesses, by impartial persons. The en gineers supporting or opposing the scheme, weuld be examined infinitely sooner, much cheap-r. and even more to the purpose, by an impartial engineer. than by calling in all the expensive machinery of agents and counsel.—(Cheers.) It was pro posed that the Railway Commissioners should have the power to report to the House upon all those subjects which were at present decided upon and reported by Committees of the House, referring to the amount of tolls or fares, the engineer ing nature of the line, the amount of capital required for the construction of the railway, the number of shares, and the powers of borrowing money to be granted to the company. He thought that this report would be of great use to the Cormnittee appointed to consider the merits of the Bill, as a great deal of unnecessary and useless inquiry would thereby be av&dr d. A question might arise as to how far the report of the Commissioners should have weight, and he proposed to regu late the authority which it should have, not by the Bill, but by the standing orders of the House. At the same time he would mention, that in all matters relating to engineering and surveying, the report of the Commissioners should be held to be prima facie conclusive on any point that might he raised, and he believed that this would be the means of saving the Committee a great deal of trouble, and the parties a great deal of expense. He said prima facie conclusive, be cause questions might arise where additional information would be absolutely necessary, and if so, he would advise that the Committee should, in such cases, report to the House that this was required, and that instructions should be given to the Com missioners to furnish it. With regard to questions of fact, which might be the subject of dispute, he proposed that either party might complain, and have the Bill referred back to the Commissioners, and if the comtilaint shonid turn out unfounded that the parties so applying should bear the expenses Flis object in introducing this provision, was to prevent frivo lous objections. With regard to fares and tolls, this was a sub ject which was the occasion of frequent difficulties before the Committees formerly appointed to consider railway Bills. The parties who appeared before them in opposition to the schemes had no interest in this matter, and no party represented the in terests of the public. The Committee themselves had no in formation as to what the charges were in other parts of the country, or on other railways, and consequently no data to guide them in coming to a decision. The Commissioners, therefore. who would have all this information, would be in a position to render the most essential service to the Committees on this point. There was also a subject of very great impor tance to which he would now refer—he meant the raising of capital. borrowing mosey, amalgamating with and leasing other lines of railway. The Hon. Member for Coventry, who hap pened to be Chairman of a Committee, had some time since called the attenti'in of the House to the subject in consequence of a very objectionable case of this nature coming before his Committee; and in the report which he presented to the Home it was suggested that some general regulation far this subject should be adopted. By the regulation .now s proposed the sug gestion then made would be carried into effect : one point had been strongly urged upon him not only by seme railway pro prietors, but by some parties who represented the public, which was, that the Commissioners should retain in their power a veto upon all proposed railways. He gave .that point great consideration, and he was bound to say that he could not con cur in it. Let him suppose that they retained it with respect to those bills which had not any merit. The power would be of no use whatever, as these Bills would fall of themselves) to the ground. Suppose, then, that they etercised their veto freely on other Bills, it appeared to him "that they should be assuming the functions of Parliament ; and, looking to the circumstances of this country, and considering the feelings of the people, he doubted whether a board so constituted would be approved of. There was another question urged upon them, namely, whether powers should be granted to future companies in perpetuityor fir a term of years. The later prac tice prevailed in France, but he wished . . to observe that the railways in that country stood in a different position from their railways, for they were laid out sod surveyed. and a large portion of the works executed by Government. So that the railway proprietors stood nearly in the relation of occupying tenants under the Government. If they were now, for the first time, to exercise the power of permitting the construction of railways, it might be a question for consideration as to how they should proceed, but they were differently situated. Almost all the great lines had been constructed and granted in perpetuity ; and the question now was, how they should act with future companies —whether powers should be granted in perpetuity, or for a term of years. He was afraid that if they adopted the latter course they would excite a feeling of jealousy, and cause an inquiry in other ways which it would not compensate. By imposieg such a restriction, it might be the means of sacrificing more import ant objects, and he did not, therefore, think it proper for the Commissioners to have such a power. With regard to limiting the rate of interest on the dividends of railway companies, he thought that if :hey proposed a restriction on the interest, in stead of inducing economy it would cause extravagance ; for, by the present restriction, numerous situations were filled, and unnecessary expenditure created, which would be avoided if no limitation existed. Besides, he believed that this would be beginning at the wrong end, as a means to economy. They should begin by regulating the fares and tolls tto bo charged, and by seeing that the public obtained Lair accommodation at a fair price. He came now to the second part of the subject—the fares and tolls. With respect to them, he proposed that the power of fixing them should be granted for a term of years. The fares and tolls that might new be fair might cease to be so in a few years, from altered circumstances ; and the period he thought of proposing was ten years. He did not mean to say that at the expiration of that time they should be thrown open for Parliament to lower them to any rates it might please, but he thought it right that. the power should be given to revise them, and to bring them to the same state as when they were first imposed. The object by such an arrangement, was to act fairly towards the public at the end of this period, as altered circumstances might render necessary. Another great question now arose as to existing railway companies which had received their Bills, not subject to this alteration. There was rho another class of Acts not so subject, but the companies who promotes them had lately, when applying for new powers, made them amenable to any alteration that might be proposed. This course had already been taken with regard to cheap trains by the Hon. Member for Tarnworth. With regard to that class of railway companies, he proposed to make it a condition, it they came to Parliament for an extension of powers, that the power of limiting the tolls on their main line, to addition to the branch line or extensions, should also be conceded. In that case the question would be set at rest, as far as they were concerned, in the same way as if the whole railway Bill had been brought forward for the first time. There might be some railway, not in the last category ; but it, was proposed s with respect to all railways. that the power of revision of. fares and tolls should be vested in Parliament in the way he.bad -described, end 'that they should continue to keep it in their bands. Another alteration he pro posed was, that when any change was to he made by any rail way company in the tolls and fares, that due notice of it should be given to the COmmissioners on Railways and the public, as great inconvenience had reaultrd from this omission ; and such an alteration would be prodpcti,ve of no injury either to the company or to the ptibljces. He also proposed that the com pany should give their ,icesons to .the commissioners for the change, as _they might furnish useful suggestions for the commissioners, when making their report on this subject to Parliament. In making these observations he had no inten tion to reflect en the great railway interests. As far as he knew, it was by increasing their traffic and accommodating the public that they'esotild be promoting their 'owiradvantage, and he believed that with many of them the a ishes of the commis sionet s would be anticipated by the companies themselves. He hoped and believed that this would be the case, but that did net make it the less necessary that the public should have some better security, and the Commissioners would not be doing their duty to the public if they dot Lot -ee that seine such control be established. It would be also for the benefit of the railway companies themselves ; for suppose three ...tit of four companies agreed to adopt a reduced system of tares and tolls, and the fourth refused to submit to any reduction ; it was obvious that the public would have a right to complain, and the other three companies would be robbed by the railway company who took advantage of the increased traffic on their railways in consequence of the reduced rates. He thought it right, there fore, to retain the power of revising the fares and tolis every ten years. With regard to the charges to the Post-office for the conveyance of the mails, he thought that the system of arbitration now adopted should be changed, arid that distinct and definite charges should be made for this service. The measures which he proposed on this point of the subject were these—that the Commissioners should, in concert with the Post-office authorities, require the railway companies to furnish the iates at which they would carry the b m th ej e lsand that the scales of charges should be reported on r Com missioners in the same way as they propose d to d o with res pect to fares and tolls. But, as the circumstances might vary, they had no objection to limit the period, for which the companies s h ou ld be compelled to carrh email mails to was a very five years. The next point, namely, the punctuality of trains , im portant one. He thought it was one ou which both the publi and the railway companies were had eg much capital invested equ ally interested. He hac heard from gentleman who in railways , that their local traffic constituted a very important part of their recei p ts ; certainly the quantity of local traffic depended very much on speed and punctuality, but at the same time, it must be obvious that it was a difficult question to deal with, and it was impossible that the Legisla. ture could pretend to take measures to force companies to arrive at stated places at stated hours. They could only be brought to make the trains run punctually by bringing pub licity and public opinion to bear upon their proceediegs in this respect. It was proposed, however, by the Bill, that all railway companies should be required to keep suspended at such stations as the Commissioners might direct a list of the arrival and departure of every trsin. He believed this ordinarily done for their o wn b ene fi t, so that notwas m be imp o s e d upon the c u o c m h p a a d n d i e i 'lona' troule!e would s or upon their officers ; and it was also pro posed that, for the benefit of the public as well as of the companies, th at these time lists should be sus pended in a situation where the public might see them, and where they might check them; and also that, after a certten time, they should he forty sided to the Commissioners, and that they 1,1 annual report to Parliament of the speed of the rdin , 4 throughout the country, calling the eaten. • :se ~f I' ia' 'it the :,unctuality or want ot punctuality us the aifferent trains run by the different companies, and their influence upon the safety of the public. There was anther '• point with respect to cheap trains—there were many other points, of minor importance, on which it was not necessary for him to detain the House, as they would be found in the Bill, and be open to discus ion in Commit tee. The House was probably aware that the law with respect to cheap trains was this--That railway companies were required to run at least one train a day for the cotiveeence of persons, at an expense of not more than Id. a mile, in carriages where they would be protected from the weather, and which might be approved by the Com missioners; and that they should not travel less titan twelve miles an hour. Any further interference might be objected to on the ground that the companies bad fulfilled and would fulfil the provisions of this Act, by travelling some parts of the journey at the rate of twenty or thirty miles an hour, and by compelling the passengers to wait at some of the stations for other trains, yet completeirg the whole journey at the average rate of twelve miles an hour. Now, he did not think that was a fair way to proceed, and that it was opposed to the intention of the Legis lature; and, therefore, by the Bill it was proposed not only to take the time of starting, but the time of stopping and starting from the different stations.—(Hear.) Another point was the number of passergers. The Commissioners at present had powers with respect to the rates to be paid by those parties, but ! they had no rower aver the number of passengers to be eon : ve:ed by the trains. He proposed that the number of passengers to be carried, should be affixed in side the carriages, and that certain penalties should be imposed, on any infraction of the rule. Also when the trains travelled a t n i g h t, that there should be lights in the carriages. He came now to another question—_namely, the disputes be tween Railway Companies,. He would e xemplify the diffi culty of adju s ti ng t h ese disputes by two extracts from evidence given before Committees last session. Mr. Hawk show, the engineer of the Leeds and Manchester Railway, stated, in reply to a question from the Hors. Member for Mon trose (Mr. Hume), with respect to the utility of the existing board, that in some cases it might not act very advantageously, but with respect to stisputes between companies which formed links in one great chain, that it would be a most essential and useful tribunal. He found that .11r. Glyn, a Member of th,t House, and the Chairman of the Nur. h Western Railway, entertained a simi lar view. He said insear.ces had occurred of one company re fusing to put on thi d c ass trains to meet the third class trains run by anther company. in roneexien with it; and that great inconvenience had resoled iii consequence." This, for in staece, might occur—suile•se tyro eompetiog lines, meeting at a given point, refused to gi. e accommodation to each other wit`, respect to these trains, it was otr ously intim Fever of the one company to deprive the other of the advantages which it wished to effect, by limiting the time of the starting of the trains, so that the public would derive ne advantage. Now that subject he thought deserved the most serious con sideration of the corarnissioreos. The law at present was, that the Commissioners, where the public safety was concerned, might make such arrangements as they might think p oper to promote it. Now, the Commissioners thought it advisable to adhere to the word, of the Act which gave them this power, with this addition, that where, from the bad management of the company, considerable inconvenience was caused to the public by the want of a proper underhending between two or more companies, who were compelled to use their lines in common, that on the complaint of one company, the Commissioners should take steps te remove those inconveniences. Thin, with respect to the distil, bancea which often took place in connexion with the construction of railways, there was a difference in the state of the law on this subject. In Scotland, where parties congregated together and creates' a disturbance the sheriff had the power to decide whether a policeman, to be paid by the company, should be employed or riot. In England It rested with the magistrates. ow he proposed that if any two justices of the peace stated, by a report to the Commis sioners, that the employ meet of police was necessary for the protection of the public pease, that the Commissioners might erder the employment of a certain number of police at the cost of the company. There were, ,as he had said minor points, which would be discussed in Committee, and with which he would not trouble the House—(Hear, hear) — such as the conveyance of military, military stores, &c., on which he would not detain the House.—( Hear.) There was one, however, which lie consieered a ver important one—that it was proposed by the Bill, that the Commissioners should have power to call for returns from the different railway com panies, and if they thought fit, to be at liberty to verify the in formation which they might thus furnish, if they thought such a course Necessary. He did think this absolutely necessary, as it was impossible that all the facts that were required from time to time, could be obtained. by re-urns voted by the Legislature. On a former evening, the Hon. and Gallant Member for Lincoln (Colonel Sibthorp) proposed that the Bill should contain a provision for giving parties, who might be injured, or their friends, if they were killed, to recover compensation ; but perhaps the Hon. Gentle men was not aware that a great alteration was made in the law on the subject, by the introduction of a Bill last session by Lord Campbell. Before that Act was passed, a person, who was injured, or his relatives, if he were killed by the mis conduct or neglect of a company, had no right of action, but this Act gave that power. He was not inclined to propose any alteration or addition for two reasons—first, because he thought it was right, before any alterations were made, to know how the Act worked, and, secondly, if further legislation was necessary, that it ought to be general, and not confined to accidents caused by railways, but in other ways.— ( Hear, hear.) He had now gone into the main provisions of the Bill. He did not at all pretend to propose it as a complete measure • in fact, it must be obvious t h at a measure of that kind could ' not be complete and that increased experience might lead them subsequently to adopt improvements which that experience might suggest; but he did think, if it received the favourable consideration of Par liament, that it would be found a useful amendment of the present law, and that it would be found, at the same time, most beneficial to the public, without being injurious to the real interests of railway proprietors.—(Loud cheers.) Mr. AG LIONBY said, during the fourteen or fifteen years he had occupied a seat in that House, he never heard a more clear or satisfactory statement than that delivered by the Hon. Gentleman who had just resumed his seat; and he thought that he might congratulate the House and the public that the Hon. Gentleman had commenced has official duties by introducing questions of so much importance ti the consideration of the House.—( Hear. hear.) As one of the public, he felt a sincere interest in the welfare of railways ; and he spoke without bias, as he did not hold a share in one of them—but he had an inte rest, as one of the public, in seeing them all well and efficiently conducted, so that they might afford great advantages to the public. He rose to make a suggestion which be was almost in clined to believe, railway companies would consider it advisable to adopt, without interference from any branch whatever—he meant the stopping of trains at a certain number of stations, and the taking care that a reasonable number of trains stopped to meet the wants of the districts which they traversed. He admitted that this would involve an interference with the discretion of directors, but it was for th e House to say wheth er it was justified or not. In fact, he saw no reason why interference should not take place in this way as well as with respect to the fares. The directors of railways paid every attention to the long traffic but little to the short. On a railway which ran between two large towns the trains offered every accommodation—cheap fares and regular jour nies—whereas the short traffic was often taken part of the distance at a rapid pace, and left for some time at stations on the route. There should be a general rule that, where a dis. trict had no other means of accommodotion than by railway, that a certain number of trains should stop during the day. It might be said that this was a matter in which the directors were the best parties to judge; but he considered that this was one of those matters with which they might interfere with, as well and as beneficially as with most others.,-- ( Hear, hear.) They had to keep up stations and officers. and often stopped trains by signals, when passengers or goods were to be conveyed, se that the regular stopping of the trains could not involve much additional expense or much loss of time; but even supposing there was some pecuniary loss, it would be nothing compared with the advantages which would be thus conferred upon the public. He hoped his suggestion would be adopted in Committee, lie begged to second the motion. The SPEAKER having put the question, Mr. HUME said, in his opinion the public would derive great advantage from the Bill. He wished to know whether he proposed to take any steps with respect to the running of trains on Sundays. It was not well t o leave the question an open one as at present. Considerable agitation had taken place on the euliect, and as many as nineteen towns had petitioned in favour of trains running on that day. In one case, the matter rested entirely with two directors. He should be glad to leave the matter in the hands of the Commissioners. He thought the House ought rather to favour those who were compelled to travel by the third class carriages, instead of thro w i ng i mpe di ments i n t h e i r way, lie hoped the Commissioners would turn their attention to the subject, and promote their comfort as much as possible. Mr. ELLICE apprehended that great good would arise from the measure. He had examined the details of the Bill now before the House, and had found that the capital which they proposed to expend amounted to 41,060,000/. Now, it was important to know what course was to be adopted with re lied to these Bills, in the present state of public business, the Hon. Gentleman could not expect to have the Bill passed be tore these Bills went before Committees in the ordinary course. It was right that the House should know if the Hon. Gentle man intended the measure he had introduced to interfere in any way with those Bills. Mr. STRUTT was understood to say that the Bill had in view future railway legislation, and would not affect the railway Bills now before the House. If there should be ant special matter on which Parliament should require a report from them, it would be in the power of Parliament to require such reports from the board, but as the session was so tar advanced it would be impossible to go into such inquiries as were proposed. They would be able to go into the general merits of the Bill, but they could not enter into local inquiries. Such questions, as of amalgamation and so forth, they would examine into to the best of their ability, hut it would be of the greatest importance that they should keep quite iostito t the questions of the general mete, and of rival mere, as ware of time as well as weer of organi sation during the present session, would prevent the board und. raking such responsibilities; and be ass most anx ous that t es should not have any duty imposed upon f the m . a t first which they would not be able satisfactorily per form. Mr. i ELLICE tv, ast the all loans relating to Board for th eir wished railroads should he referred t_ nttoioanskofthheeCrhoanneiceeslliyoreo.e_GttoeeeePrEnz:cehnOr to propose, any standing orders, under e w r i ti froad Bill Mr. EN FIVISTL report, and that that report a s laid down by the Right to be a very excellent tlai e d en belo ie re red the t H h o e nse. Hon Gentleman. T h e B"ti control t°:hu al dt which they would exercise the excellent ; the Board would not better line could be obtained, but only over new schemes by y Te p rop osed system of deciding between ascertain was e the better—neither of which ought to before the Legislature for its sanction. He did not see t c h o rt e the Bill would give them the lower of insisting them wtwhoichriecatihe schem e s tw whether ear them selves on a line which would really answer the wants of the district to be supplied by railway communication. He consi dered, also, that with respect to the veto, the board might use fully exercise that prerogative, and there could then be an appeal to a Committee of the House. With reference to tolls, he confessed that the period, as sugeested, did seem somewhat short for a true result to be obtained.—(llear, hear.) He neeessar o i b l should not off er any opposition to the Bill upon those points. yserveo,bligtehdat tot the g t o welv s e low, hours io ' train Agai v ' b e e would s consequence of the very great number of trains passing with valuable and important traffic, It had frequently to be moved out of the way, in order that it might not interfere with the safety of the passengers. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER (in answer to the question of Mr. Ellice) said that it would be extremely . desirable that such a report should be made, and it ought to be carefully considered what words would be introduced in the Bill. Mr. GOULBURN said that there could be no possible reason why railway compannies should not raise loans upon good securities ; but his objection was, that the present system gave them the facility of using what was a sort of paper circu lation in the country, which led to very manifest inconvenience. He had not heard the latter portion of the Right Hon. Member's speech, and it was very likely that he had made some observations respecting this point which he had not the good fortune to hear. He believed that it was one of material importance not only as affecting the railway companies them selves, but the financial strwigement of the country itself.—: ear.) Mr. B. DENISON said that he objected to such a power as the veto bung placed )1, the liaTith of any body whatsoever, and he was quite sure that Parliament would not consent to part with such a prerogative. On the whole, he was favour.. able to the measure, which he considered would effect very be. HEIR AT LAIN SOCIETY. The NOBLE LORDaIo Pre;eritYd a petition from the managers of the heir-at law Society. com plaining of the conduct of certain city magistrates in hearing charges against them relating to thy way in which their society was conducted, without giving them an opportunity of meeting these ex parte blatem , ma. The Noble Lord said that this was a subject which had been repeatedly complained of. The magistrates had no right to entertain these charges nor even to listen to them, and he hoped that an eud would be put to a mode of proceeding so unfair. NATIONAL POOR RATE. Lord WALSINGHANI presented a petition from Swaffham, in the county of Norfolk, praying fur the abolition of the present law of settlement, and that a general national rate should be enacted. The Noble Lord did not wish to be understood as concurring with the petitioners in all they had stated, but was of opinion that the subject was one into which inquiry should be made. It gave him great pleasure to hear that it was the inten• tion of the Noble Lord near him (Richmond) who had paid a good deal of attention to the matter, to move tor a Committee of Inquiry into the subject, and he would suggest, that in the event of the Committee being graited. their inquiry should be directed to the levying of en equal rate throughout all unions. It appeared to trtn thst it would be a great advantage over the present union of settlement , . It would at once open up to the lab surer an ample fe..4d for employment, while it would revive that pecuniary interest in the rata-payer, which Was supposed by some to be of so much advantage. The Duke of RICHMOND said, as the Noble Lord had alluded to what had fallen from him with respect to the Law of Settlement, he wished to say a few words. Ile had stated, and he now repeated it, that a more clumsy measure was never introduced and passed than the Law of Settlement. It was origi nally proposed as a much more extended measure, bat half of its original provisions were left out, and the lawyers did not agree as to the working of the portion that remained. It had done great mischief, and if a committee were appointed, and he should move for one on a future day, the injurious effects of its working could be proved. Nothing did so much mischief as the continual alterating of the law of settlement, as the poor found it difficult to ascertain, from the different views that prevailed, any definite notion of the settlements and the proper way to claim them. Earl FITZ WILLIAM approved of the principle of the present Law of Settlement, yet he admitted the clauses were so involved that its working was most de tective and injurious. He thought that if the poor-law guardians had certain rules laid down fur their guid ance in matters referrFg to the removal of paapers, by some central authority, there could out possibly be any ground of objection. Lord BEAU moNT said that an evil of considerable magnitude had lately arisen iu the construction of cot tag !s upon the land ar.r.he lowest possible prices, and let ti; g; them at the highest rents, without pay ing any rates for thee). He thought that with reference to the Povr law SAtlement Bill passed last ses:fion, that it was a mea sure that was both just to the rate-payer, and generous to the pauper. There Was one point which the Noble Lord who presented the p .titian should consider well, that was, whether the fact of high w.ges being given at some places might not act as a sort of advertisement for drawing paupers from the poorer districts The Earl of STRADBROKE was of opinion that all property should be rated. He knew a place where there were from 700 to 800 small cottages exempted from as sessment. In Ilehester so great was the number of houses exempted, that torty-five per cent. of the rates were left unpaid. Lord WALSINGHAM agreed with the Noble Lord that the small occupier should be rated, as it would give them an interest in keeping down the rates as much us possible. CRIMINAL LAW AND JUVENILE OFFENDERS. Lord BROUGHAM gave notice that, on Monday next, he would present a petition from the magistrates of Liverpool on the subject of the administration of criminal law, and of juvenile offenders. THE POOR REMOVAL ACT. The Duke of BUCKINGHAM presented a petition from Loag Crenden, praying for the abolition of the Pour removal Act of last session. REDUCTION ON RUM. The Duke of RICHMOND presented a petition from the malt distillers of Huntley, Aberdeenshire, against the proposed reduction of the duty on rum. The petitioners thought that with the various restrictions and burdens on them they ought not to be subjected to an unfair competition. He hoped, there fore, their Lordships would do much to make a full inquiry into the statements of the petitioners before they assented to the reduction complained of, and he w as quite satisfied that Mr. Robinson, the gentleman who signed the petition on be half of the other petitioners, would be able to substantiate all the statements made it an opportunity were given him, as he (the Duke of Richmond) hap pened to know that gentleman, and he would under take to say that he would not put his name to anything that was not true. Lord MONTEAGLE said he had recently received a deputation upon the same subject, and he felt that be could rely with confidence upon the information they gave him. He thought the distillers of this country ought to be placed upon an equal footing with those of the colonies. The manufacturers of spirits in this country were subjected to inconveniences and re strictions to which the manufacturers of spirits in the colonies were not liable. The colonial manufacturer could distil how he pleased or where he pleased, without any control, while the manufacturer of spirits in this coun try was compelled to go through a number of formalities, pay duties upon every ingredient used in their manu factories, and subject themselves to all sorts of restric tion and inconveniences imposed on them by Govern meat.—(Hear, hear.) He therefore thought some alt.-ration ought to be made in the law. The Duke of RICHMOND present:A similar petitions from distillers in Elgin and Baoff, and the towns of Hamilton and K-ith. The Noble Duke also presented a petition complaining of the charge imposed on land. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE presented copies of the correspoialeuce which had taken place between the Goserntnent and the Lahore Durbar during the minority of the Maharaja Runjeet Singh, which was ordered to be printed. Their Lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, Feb. 11. The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock. SECOND READINGS. The following Bills were read a second time:— East Lincolnshire Railway (Louth Navigation Purchase). London and Black wall Railway Improvement and Branohes to St. Katherine's and London Docks. Windsor, Staines, and South• Western Railway (Rich mond to Windsor, &c.) Windsor, Staines, and South• Western Railway (Staines to Ascot and Wokinghem, with Branches). PETITIONS. Mr. GREENE presented petitions against the North British and other railways. Lord DUNCAN presented a petition against the Exeter, Yeovil, and Dorchester Railway. Mr. DILLON BROWN presented a petition from the barony of Westport, in the county of Mayo, praying the House to establish food depots in Ireland. Mr. BROTHERTON presented a petition from the board of guardians of Salford, praying the House to establish a poor. law for Ireland which should throw the maintenance of the poor upon tha owners of the land. Several Hon. Members presented petitions from dif ferentan alteration in the Poor session.Remova p l la A c c es t ' o p f r l a a y st itigf'r Colo o n f el LordCO N G N e o or L g L e Yppernetsinenekte,sd p f e u t r iti a o i n d s in fa vourthe Bill Railways in Ireland. city lSl o r. f L B o i n tlp n ll a T nd p G re r s e e e n n te w d iehr p ti r t a i y on i n a g. fromfor rtheßauz, abolition of punishment of death. Mr. H. BERKELEY presented a petition, praying the House to reduce the duty on copper ore. Mr. M. PHILIPS presented a petition from a tobac conist of Manchester, named Stork, complaining that the Income-tax Commissioners had assessed his profits at 5001. a-year, while he was prepared to prove that he had lost instead of gained by his business, and praying the House to amend the law, so that he, and others similarly situated to himself; might be relieved from its operation. Lord R. GROSVENOR presented a petition in favour of the claims of the Itn.j!th of Saitara. Sir J. C. HOBHOUSE presented a petition from Nottingham, in favour of the reduction of the duties on tea. DECCAN BOOTY. Mr. HUME asked whether the ten lacks of rupees lately paid by the India as a final settlemant of interest arid unpaid balances of the Decenn booty, are to be immediately distributed to all the claimanis generally, or whether those who claim for actual capture would be pa id in preference to those who claim fur constructive capture ? Sir JOHN CAM lIOBITOUSE replied, that it was vice true that during the course of last year a final adjustment took place between the court of directors with respect to the bUtIl to be paid, and A rbilth %0101 - 111 , ,,:e n 0 tim, in t, , With tegani to Cinesiton as to who was to he paid first he could git 3 nu iutortnation JOINT STOCK COMPANIES. Mr. TIIORNELY said he wished to ask a question of the Right lion. Gentlen3un the Viee-Fresident of the Board of Trade with reprii to a Bit; prornitivd Int, year to enable joint stock companiew to wind up tlwir concAlis. Fe v,.5 , 11,1 tr) ”vc.• ! yro;; l re , !4 bid been made with the Bill, and whether it was likely 60011 to be *Omitted to the House. IRISH POOL-LAW BOARD. Mr. SHAW desired to know, before the permanent Poor-law Bill came into operation, what was the or ganization which the Noble Lord proposed to etf. ct in the new poor-law board, especially as it related to Ireland. Lord J. RUSSELL said that a short Bdl arranging the organization of that board was now under con sideration of the Government. Amidst the hurry of bu siness he had not been able to examine its provisions, but they would bring it forward on e, very early day. RAILWAY PLAN FOR IRELAND. Colonel WOOD desired to know whether the Noble Lord, the Member for Lynn, would bring forward his Bill for a system of railways fur Ireland. Lord G. BEN LINCK said that it entirely depended upon the business of the House. Mr. S. O'BitIEN said it was the wish of the Irish Members that the Noble Lord would defer it until Tuesday next. MONEY TO IRISH RAILWAYS. Colonel OSBORNI4: &sired to know what sum of money had been granted for the earthworks of the Limerick arid Waterford Railway ? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that he could not answer the question off hand. PRESENTMENTS IN IRELAND. Sir H. BARRON wished to know why the Board of Works had delayed to send doAn drainage surveyors to carry into operation the sums of money which had been advanced under the Act commonly called Mr. Laheu chore's Act. He hoped that his Right Hon. Friend would explain to the House why the delay had taken place. Mr. LABOUCHERE said, that unless he had the re port of the Board of Works he could not give a distinct answer. The Board of Works had been obliged to delay longer than they could have wished the examina tions necessary to the presentments before the money could be advanced to carry them out, as, in many in stances, there had been a difficulty in finding competent surveyors to undertake the works. The Board of Works Mr. W. COLLET aalni celiriiiinaw.d-ishbeeedu Member.ton apdlrerests itself was most anxious to facilitate the works. alreadywheter askedanwished thete ia ( to question Limerick c o l ) 1 - and Waterford Railway? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said, that in order to answer the Hon. Gentleman it was ne cessary that he should read the Treasury Minute which had sanctioned the advance.—(Hear.) The Minute stated that the Commissioners of the Public Works had, with regard to a portion of the line for which the authority of Parliament bad been obtained, advanced sums of money for the execution of the earth-works ; and with regard to that portion of the line for which the authority of Parliament had not been obtained, and of which it was intended to alter the course as soon as the consent of all the landholders should have been obtained, the money necessary for the earth works would be advanced. COMPENSATION TO IRISH TENANTS. Mr. SHARMAN CRAWFORD moved the following resolution, of which he had given notice :—That it ap pears to this House, feels the reports of various Com mittees and Commissions, that the system generally adopted in times pest its. the l e tting and management o f landed property in lre!and, has been one of the main eau-ea of the presi nt distressed state of that coun try, and the eisordered state of its secial relations ; and that no measures can be effectual in producing a demand for labour, or improving the coneition of the people, which shall not include such an amendment of the laKs of landlord and tenant as shall give to the improving tenant in occupation a sufficient permanency of tenure, or else estebli*h the tenant's right to claim by law full comp, n-ation for all benefits created by the expenditure of his labour and capital on the pre mises in his occupation. The questien, be said, had often keen asked, what were the causes of the evils which affitteed Ireland, and who sere respote-ible for theme that as yet no solution of the matter had been arrived at, nor did it seem to he understood. He hail therefore been induced to draw the attention of the House to show how far these evils had resulted from the relation that hod existed between land lord and tenant, and to what extent the pro prietors of Ireland were responsible for them. If ever there was a time when inquiry was needed the present was the moment, when they were voting such large sums of money for the relief of the people of Ire• hind, and when, he regretted to sey, Irish Members were opposing a poor-law, and throwing off a responsi bility to which they were justly subject. It was with pain that he had seen a resolution, signed by the name of a leadieg Irish Peer, declaring itself opposed to the moderate proposition of the Noble Lord for the relief of the people of that country, and in which the measure empowering relieving officers to grant out door relief under certain circumstances was reprobate d. With such circumstances before them, it was t ion he w h h a i d c h to prevailed. submit was The a s follows first portion right that th e y s h ou ld i nqu i re i nto how far the landed proprieto rs o f I re l an d were responsible for the state of things ,T o h f a th it e ape re p sol a u rs i to this House that from the reports of various Commit tees and Commissioners, that the system generally adopted in times past, in the letting and management of landed property in Ireland, has been one of the main causes of the present state of the country." As he had made this assertion it was his duty to bring before the House some portion of the evidence on which he based that assertion, but be would confine his obser vations within very narrow limits. The Land Commission, in their report, referred to thirteen reports of former committees, after instancing penal laws, the forty-shilling free the large possessions in the hands of a few individuals, the following That whatever difference of opinion observationsthey concluded with and maintained on other points, the testimony 0. a whthoaelsyd frpreaarentrcrh::lrewt;oaartn c dhde ll witnesses concurred in this, that which Ireland laboured were to be employment, felt by a large proportion of the agricultural labourersof that country. ritig to the multiplied The Committee of 1830, on reter nceived it was the duty of t tr n a a ce g el re o t tehveilawannnt‘korf proper evils of Ireland, said they co diminish this mass of suffering, and they suggested that by promoting the individuals, as well as of the Le g islature, to consider what means ought to be taken to better management of estates , n ' ht be elf cued. arrangements between landlords a - " ti 11115 country. He and regulating the d tenants, on a national principle, that go" So much for the general condition of the would to ,w miler to the importete. evidence of lie. Getle I.'ote and : .11r. likteltworth, in t;e yce x 182 former witn e ss tra c ed a considerahie portion of th e evils • a affecting land to the want of encouragement g iven to the tenants in building, repuiring , or draining ; an ti letter gentl eman gave evidence that the landlords of Ire land were want i ng i n t h e ki u d ees s and generosity which so eminently possessed the Englieh prorri' 4 "'• I.bee.3 were strontr proefa that the tsvhis Ireignd had been prodtteed by the rnis;mecio.:.t. of tee Irish landlords.. rift) tikai, wt..° ititroduetti mai oc.e the i au lords, fur they were not introduced by the tenants on the )== ! iiSt COM lISO - 75_ 194 ib4 734 -- 5 14_%d 132 xd 48 230 6% - ,- price• 19% ~....... )9 do 90 .5... __.-- ate of ion itil .as