The Sun. — London, England, 1832-09-14 00:00:00

houses and Niniture are to be obtaine'i, which means Are commonly called capital is in that way that our po pulation has been mainly employed in the last ten years, by the building of bouses for the new population to occupy, and for small capitalists to reside in. Do you think the increase of small houses, for persons of small fortune to reside in, is a proof of the increase of po verty in Birmingham?—Half of them are buil•, to my knowledge, by insolvent men, who fail a year or two after they build them. Who supplied the capital to those insolvent persons?— The creditors of the insolvent. Where do those creditors reside ?—Principally in Bir mingham. Then it appears that those persons who supply capital to those insolvent people are natives of Birmingham itself, and therefore the larger portion of the capital for building those houses has been supplied by Birmingham itself?— Undoubtedly. If there has been a capital accumulated in order to build this large number of houses, which has encouraged a number of persons to come and live there, is not this a proof of there having been profits of trade to that extent in Birmingham ?—Unquestionably not ; those profits were made solely during the war ; theze have been no profits since the war, in Birmingham, by any regular in dustry whatever, except, perhaps, i❑ the building of houses, which has been so extensive a trade, that I am not willing to say there has been no profit made upon it ; I am sure there has been no profit upon any regular Bir mingham trade in the last seven years. You stated that when there was a fall in the vale] of money, a reward was obtained for production which called labour into employment, and that the productive powers of industry were then put upon their full stretch ; would not the effect of this be to occasion a much greater mass of commodities to be produced, and, in the end, to pro duce a corresponding fall in commodities ?—I think not. Did you ever know a case of the productive powers of industry being put upon a full stretch, with a considerable rise of prices, which was not followed by a corresponding fall, and mercantile distress ?—Unqu-stionably ; there would have been no fall in 1825, but for the contraction of the currency ; the consumption ef Birmingham goods and Manchester goods in 1825, at high prices, was much greater than it is now at low prices. Did you ever know an instince of a high excitement taking pl .ee, and the productive powers of the country being put upon their full stretch, when it did not occasion a large quantity of commodities to be produced, and that to be followed by a corresponding fall and mercantile dis tress?—lt will occasion a large quantity of commodities to he produced, but it will not occasion a corresponding fall, the production of commodities being only effected by ac • eomplishing an equivalent consumption, either through the medium of wages, rents, profits, or taxes; I mean that we do but facilitate and increase production in every process of production. If we put 1,000,0001. extra in operation in the iron trade in one year, we pro !n•e 1,000,0001. of extra iron in one year more than is now wanted ; but most certainly in so doing we accomplish the consumption of 1,000.0001. more of beef and beer, and other commodities, which the labourers receive and con sume ; and if such action upon the iron trade is made ge nera upon all trade, the increased production of all trade, and all agriculture, consumes the 1,000,0001. of txtra iron, and the machinery of society works beneficially and harmoniously. Then you think that in that case the increased quantity of manufactures that has been produced, is taken off by in ternal consumption ?—Unquestionably. Da not taxes raise the prices ?—No, I believe not ; no. thing raises prices but the action of money, either real money or credit money ; in fact, nothing raises the prices pet manently, but increasing the money in people's pockets, and facilitating, the consumption of the country. Then do you think that the more you depreciate the currency of the country, the greater power of consumption you have ?—Till every labourer i❑ the kingdom is fully employed, I have no doubt of the truth of that. What, in your opinion, forms the fund for the employ ment of the labourer ?—The circulating medium consti tutes the fund. _ _ Do not you consider that capital alone forms the fund of lrbotir ?—I hardly understand what is the meaning of eapital. Do you consider that the circulating medium is capi cal ?—I understand by capital generally all money, all land, all houses, and 311 property of all kinds. Do you not consider capital to he property of any de scription which can be employed in production ?—I call that capital. Do you call fond and raiment capital?—All the good thins of life I call capital. If the definition you have given of capital he correct, and capital be a fund of labour, how does the circulating me dium, which is not cipital, tend to increase the fund for labour ?--The circul sting medium is the organ which con verts the capital into the uses of the country ; I would beg to explain it by representing a draught board, which contains perhaps 1,000 masses of commodities, a mass of iron, a mass of wheat, and a mass of clothing, &c. ; this is the division of 1 ibour in England. The possessor of the iron cannot ceed himself with iron, the possessor of the bread cannot clothe himself with bread ; but these mutual masses of mutual wealth derive their convertibility into men's uses solely from the action of the circulating medium. If the eitculating medium is equal to the duty of covering a range of the prices of those masses equivalent to the taxation, and the waees and monetary burdens which the habits of society impose upon their production, and also equivalent ti leave a moderate profit to the producer above those charges, then the interchange of those commodities for each other, and for labour, or rather the convertibility of those commodities, is ample and efficient ; each possessor of iron is enabled to exchange his mass of iron for such proportions of the masses of all other commodities as his wants, or those of his workmen or dependents, may re quire; but it the circulating system becomes contracted by any means so au to break down the prices of those commit alities within the range of the fixed monetary taxatio❑ of many kinds which habit and law charge upon them, then the machinery of convertibility is destroyed, and those masses are inconvertible into the uses of man, and they exhibit the terrible phenomena which we now witness, of a country in the midst of abundance and po verty at the same time ; in other words, as I have often expressed it, the country appears liAflies in a sugar bottle, destroyed in the abundance of their own sweets. You have explaired the manner in which the circu lating medium operates as a mere exchange between dif ferent commodities, you have stated also why a depreci ation should relieve parties who are already burdened with fixed engagements frotn some portion of those fixed en. gagements ; but trill you state how you consider that an augmentation of the circulating medium, carrying with it a depreciation of the value of money, can add to the power of production or of consumption ; if, for instance, the circulating medium be in such a state that one piir of shoes exchanges for Is. and one hat ex changes for 1g.., and if such a depreciation of the cir culating medium takes place as that one pair of shoes shall be worth 2s. and one hat shall be worth 2s. how is the producer of the hat to be able to consume more shoes than before, or rice versa ?—ln this way—the producer of the hat selling his hat for 2s. instead of Is., finds the pressure of his fixed charges thereby broken down and reduced ; lie finds also a profit in his trade; he puts his men i❑ full employment, and puts Ilia monetary capital in full opera tion and his credit ; as fast as he produces a hat, which be sells for 2s. he or his workmen expend t at 2s. either in the purchase of shoes or some other commodities; and this action being general upon all the productions of in dustry, the whole industry of the country becomes libe 1-toed front its thraldom; every trade has got a reasonable profit, and every labourer is brought into beneficial em pioyment. If the produc r of the hat can only exchange his hat against one pair of shoes, or against exactly the same amount of other commodities that he had before, will y u state how his woks could be increased?—lf he can only sell his hat for the shoes, the mere elevation of price would probably not be a great benefit, because he would have to pay in his put chases as much money as he receives in his sales ; still his industry NV, uld lie litierated, and he would bavP a profit, because the fixed charges which law and 11164 impose upon his trade now being reduced, would leave a great proportion of the products of industry in his own hands ; at present, the products are carried off from the producer's bands. Then you consider that he would get no increase of pro fit except such as arose from the diminution of his fixed charges?—And his industry being set free, he would have a beneficial employment for it. Then the liberation of his industry will be dependent upon the diminution of the fixed charges?—l beg to ex plain : in case of his selling the hat for Is., instead of 2i., I presume that it would be a very ruinous trade; sup posing the fixed charges probably to be 10d. or I Id. upon the hat, of course his business stagnates and is ruinous. Now it there is a rise of price to 25., and the fixed charges remain still fixed, they leave him a profit, the consequence „f which is, that he immediately produces more hats, and has a beneficial trade; the shoemaker feels the same ac tion upon his trade, and the thing resolves itself into a greater proportion of industry being employed beneficially TO BE CONTINUED. The dinner of the electors of the Tower Ham lets, to commemorate the posing of the Reform Bill, will take place on Monday next. Mr. HOME will take the chair. XXIX. An ESTIMATED ACCOrNT of Profit derived by the Bank from Government Business. Circulation .0,000,000/. Government Deposits..... ••••••••••Z Of which two-thirds are estimated to be invested in securities, and one-third in bullion. Securities, 16,000,0001., viz.- 9,000,0001. Exchequer Bills, at 2 1 ,y per cent 202,500 500,000 Stock, at 3 per cent 24,000 1,000,00) Advance for Circulation on Discount, at 3 per cent. 30,000 500,000 Country Discount, at 33. per cent ............ ........ 17,500 4,700,000 at 4 1 ,c, per cent ....... 193,875 ------ 467,875 16,000,0001. Deduct— Expense of Circulation Expense of Government Deposits...— lO,OOO stamp Duty on Circulation ... 70,000 One per Cent. on Capital (held by Go vernment at three per cent: 147,000 333,000 104,875 THE PUBLIC DEBT. Amount received from Government for Management of the Public Debt for the year ending April 5, 1332, in cluding Life Annuities '251,000 Management of Life Annuities, pro posed to be transferred__ 3,000 -- 248,000 Deduct— Expense' for Management of the Na tional Debt Average of Forgeries per annum, during the last ten years.... 40,000 -- 204,000 44,000 Esti►nated Profit 17.,675 XXVII. An ACCOUNT of the Amounts of the Net Annual Profit of the Bank of England, in the Years ending the 28th Feb., 1829, 1830, 1831, and 18112, out of which Interest is to be paid on the Capital Stock. In the Year ending February 28, 1829 - 1830 - 1831 29, 1832 1 21 2: 8 0 93 1:5 6 7 4 8 1 .2 8 8 t.3:5-) 4,544,980 BANK OF ENGLAND. An ACCOUNT of the AMOUNT of COIN and BULLION, distinguishing Coin from Bullion, in the possession of the Bank, from the 28th of February, 1815, to the present time, stating the Highest and Lowest Amount in each Year, with the date of each ; together with the Amount of Securities held by the Bank, and its Liabilities, at each of the same petiods. In the Year ending Feb. 2 , ..q, 1815 Feb. 29, 1816 Feb. 28, 1817 Feb. , 181 R Feb. '27, Itl9 Feb. 29, Is2o Feb. 28, 1821 Feb. ‘2;, Feb. QS, 1923 Feb. 28, 1824 Feb. 2r;, 1825 Feb. 2S, 1826 Feb. 28, 1827 Feb. 2.9, 18'28 Feb.•2B, 18Z Feb. 9.7, 1830 Feb. 2S, 1831 Feb. 29, 1932 An ACCOUNT Discount, 1817, 1818, 18213, 1829, Years. 1815 1 , 416 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 182.5 ... 1828 ►827 1828 1831 Ist Quarter, ending March 31. 3d Quarter, ending Sept. 30. 4th Quarter, ending I Dec. 31. 1,726,000 1,565,000 1 ,M 9,000 7,111,C00 2,326,000 3,165,000 4,180,000 7,259,00) 8,670,000 7,717,000 7,190,000 1,043,000 7,626,000 8,943,000 6,169,060 7,(95,000 6,151,000 4,5.15,000 of the Avei in each of 1819, 18,0, 1830, and V 13,611,500 14,315,900 5,823,500 2,976,!4)0 8,363,700 4,810,700 3,238,303 3,137,00 4,107,200 2,226,800 2,466,81.0 9,586,700 2,198,600 1,298,400 3,652,900 1,860,500 2,549,200 An ACCOUNT of the Amo 6th February and on t February, 1809, to 2r;th guiahing the Amount of Notes under 5!., and t upwards. Bullion. 310,000 3,075 000 7,742,000 2,944,000 559,000 1,746,000 '7,680,000 3,797,000 1,712,00 A 6,092,000 1,588,00 1,415,000 :1,532,000 1,404,000 725,00) '2,075,000 2,965,000 757,000 Highest and Lowest Amount of Coin and Bullion in each Year, ending February. Highest. Coin 1733,0(x) Bullion Nov. 5, 1814 2,181,000 Coin 1 548,000 Bullion '3,018,000 Feb. 17, 1816 4,566,000 Coin 2,027,000 Bullion 7,963,000 Feb. 1, 1817 4,990,000 Coin Bullion 6,477,000 _ - Oct. 11, 1817 11,914,000 Coin Bullion 2,923,000 March 7, 1818 10,079,000 Coin 1,152,000 Bullion Feb. 211, 1820 4,907,000 Coin `3,847,000 Bullion 7,792,0(11 Feb. 21, 1821 11,639,000 Coin Bullion 7,614,000 May 5, 1821 13,329,000 1 Coin Bullion '1,381,000 March 16, 1822 11,086,000 Coin Bullion 5,936,000 Dec. 20, 1823 14,142,000 Coin Bullion 6013,000 March 20, 1844 11,945,000 Coin Bullion 1,368,000 March 5, 1825 ...... ... 8,61:3,000 Coin Bullion 2,41;0,0(0 Feb. 24, 1827 10,007,000 Coin Bullion June 16, 1847. ...... - 10,677,00 U Coin Bullion August 23, 1828 10,480,000 Coin Bullion 2,075,000 Feb. 27, 1830 9,161,000 Coin Bullion 2,904,000 June 26, 1530. 11,793,000 Coin Bullion 2,031,000 March 5, 1.R31 Lowest. Coin Bullion Feb. 25, 1815 2,009,000 Coin Bullion 285,000 March 4, 1815 Coin Bull ion 2,034,000 1,557,000 3,121,000 March 2, 1816 Coin Bullion 4,678,000 1,932,000 7,742,000 March 1, 1817 9,674,000 Coin Bullion 1,038,000 Feb. 27, 1819 4,354,000 ('oin 4,072,000 Bullion ... ...... 498,000 Sept. 4, 1319 Coin 1,164,000 Bullion 1,8041,000 March 1, 1820 ... Coin 4,964,000 6,631,000 4,3'27,000 Feb. 2, 182 , 10,978,000 Coin Bullion ...... 7,994,000 1,861,000 Nov. 2, 1822 9,835,000 Coin Bullion 1,715,000 March 1, 1823 .........10,374,000 Coin Bullion 1,572,000 Feb. 26, 1825 8,857,000 Coin Bullion 601,000 Dec. '24, 1825 1,027,000 Coin Bullion 2,428,000 March 4, 1826 ... ...... 3,348,000 Coin Bullion 8,8.5,000 1,391,000 Jan. 26, 1828 10,196,000 Coin Bullion 730,00J Feb. 21, 1829 6,527,0.0 Coin Bullion 793,300 April 18, 1829 6,104,000 Coin Bullion Feb. 19, 1831 6,(03,000 2,123,d.i0 8,211,000 Coin Bullion ..... Feb. 4, 1832 age Amount of Bills and Notes under he Quarters of the Years 1815, 1816, 821, 1822, 1823, 1824, 1925, 1826, 1827, 31. t2d Quarter, ending June 30. 13,846,500 13,3844,400 4,148,300 2,847,800 6,632,300 3,605,500 2,715,1c0 3,216,500 3,252,200 2,553,N:40 3,973,740 5,037,400 1,226,400 1,165,600 3,2 ,4 43,70 ) 1,414,600 3,240,200 16,613,200 10,569,400 3,3'6,300 4,610,400 6,r1,600 3,! , 57,601 2,294,100 3,388,700 2,8411,400 2,449,800 5,486,000 2,950,500 1,107,500 1,170,803 2,611,800 1,275,(00 3,422,500 15,717,300 7,399,800 2,541,200 6,865,7t0 5,042,200 3,130,700 2,459,300 3,724,600 2,334,200 2,249,900 7,939,500 2,164,800 1,239,800 2,157,290 2,152,700 1,930,700 3,i71,500 runt of Bank Notes in Circulation on the 26th August each Year, from 26th February, 1830, both inclusive, distin. f Bank Post Bills, the Amount of Bank :he Amount of Bank Notes of 5/. and Bank Notes of 51. and upwards. Post Bills. ~330.' 1819, February 26 August 26 1820, February '26 1 August 26 1821, February 26 16,307,000 16,9'72,140 15,402,8.40 16,047,390 '14,312,840 16,095,0 - 20 13,17E4,490 15, 1 5,090 15,751,120 17,392,260 17,244,940 18,4 0 9,234. 18,308,990 ,17,091,120 121,11'0,400 118,1'12,160 118,787,330 19,253,890 19,428,010 19,016,9.40 1 17,402,470 17,161,940 17,862,990 ..7,317,36025,246,690 1,468,920,7,216,530 25,657,590 ,421,160; 6,745,160 23,569,150 1,N33,730!6,772,260 21,453,380 1,615,600,6,483,610 22,471,450 1,(34,60 2,598,460 20,327,740 1,609,62 4'84,360'18,172,470 1,6 t 0,600 862,650117,768,340 1,742,100 683,160'18,176,470 1,763,650, 550,010,19,705,920 2,198,2601 486,600119,929,8P0 2,122,760 443,970,20,975,960 2,334,260 416,88021,060,130 2,061,010 396,670'19,518,800 2,487,041) 1,367,560 24,955,040 2,040,400 1,175,450,21,388,. 4 0 2,052,310 668,910 21,508,550 2,27 , 1,110 483,060'22,107,060 2,329,880 416,690 22,174,780 2,417,440 382,860 21,817,280 2,444,660 357,170 21,204,300 2,030,280 334,190 19,5.2. 1 ,410 2 , 2 8 4.52 01 . 320,550;20,468,060 August 26 1822, February 26 A ugu , t 2ti 1823, February 26 August 26 1F24, February 26 August ?6 1825, February 26 August 26 1526, February 26 A ugust 2f; I 1827, February 26 August 28 1828, February _ August ' .. 26 1829, February 26 i August 26 1830, February 26 XV. DEBTOR and CREDITOR ACCOUNT, Feb. 2.9, 183:2. Dr. To Banknotes outstanding To Public Deposits, viz : Drawing Accounts"' .X2,034,790 Balance of Audit Roll 550,550 Life Annuities unpaid Annuities for terms of years unpaid 08,360 Exchequer Bills deposited 3,198,730 To Private Deposits, viz : Drawing Accounts 5,633,870 Various other Debts 54,560 ----. 5,738,430 To the Bank of England for the Capital To Balance of Surplus in favour of the B. of Eng 2,637,760 4-1,179,630 By Advances on Government Securities, viz. : Exchequer Bills on the growing produce of the Consolidated Fund, in the Quar ter ending April 5, 18:1•? 1.:3,43,:140 Ditto, July 5, 1832 607,000 Exchequer Bills on Supplies, 1825 7,600 Ditto, for 10,500,0004 for 1825 4,130,g40 . . By the Advances to the Trusteesappointed by the Act 3 Geo. IV. c. 51, towards the purchase of an Annuity of 595,7401. for 44 years, from Aprils, 18`..8 10,897,890 By other Credits, viz.:— Exchequer Bills purchased .1:9.,700,000 Stock purchased City Bonds 500,000 Bills and Notes discounted Loans and Mortga. es 1,452,100 London Dock Company Advances on Security and variousarticles 570,600 .. ..._ _ 9,166,960 By Cash and Bullion By the Permanent Debt due from Government 44,179,630 Rest or Surplus brought down 2,63'7,760 Bank Capital due to the Proprietors 14,553,010 17,190,760 Bank Notes Total. under VI. An ACCOUNT of the Variations whi( Amount of the Capital of the Bank, the date of the first Charter to the pi 1694. Original Subscription 16V7. New Subscription 1707. Subscription returned ..... 1709. New Subscription 1709. New Subscription 1709. A Call of 1710. A Call of 1722. New Subscription 1742. A Call of 1746. A Call of 1782. A Call of 10,780,000 862,400 11,642,400 1816. Addition to the Stock of the seve- ral Proprietors of 25 per Cent. 2,910,600 £14,553,000 ich have taken place in the , at different periods, from )resent time. X. s. d. 1,2.00,000 0 0 1,001,171 10 0 2,201,17110 0 , 1,001,171 tO 0 1,200,000 0 0 1,001,171 10 0 2,201,171 10 0 2,201,171 10 0 4,402,343 0 0 656,204 1 9 5,058,547 1 9 ...,.. 501,448 12 11 5,559,995 14 8 3,400,000 U 0 6,959,995 14 8 840,004 5 4 9,800,000 980,000 XVI. No. 1. BRANCH BANKS. An ACCOUNT of the Average Circulation of Bra: Notes and Twenty-one Day Bills during the years 1 1830, and 1831 ; distinguishing the Amount from ea( Bank 1828. Gloucester Manchester Swansea Birmingham Liverpool Bristol Leeds Exeter Newcastle Hull Norwich £41,000 154,0 0 60,000 133,000 04,000 24,000 16,000 10,000 8,000 £48,00 411,1.00 50,000 178,000 109,000 59,000 54,000 18,000 23,000 29,000 £49,000 904,000 470 tOO 268,000 212,000 85,01 ki 106,000 00 35,000 64,000 23,000 £49,0 0 1,197,100 40,000 357,000 I 305,000 110,000 157,000 27,1 , 00 37,000 53,000 40,000 Seem it ies. 46,595,00 0 48,042,1)00 40,959,060 40,960,000 35,639,000 31,098,00 0 32,666,000 27,0:10,000 28,703,000 32,692,C00 a 3,730,000 a 5,378,000 33,688,000 33,972,000 32,219,000 33,375,000 33,426,000 29,(;26,000 Liabilities. 38,9M,000 39,402,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 nch Bank 1838, 1829, ch Branch XXXVIII. No. 11—BRANCH BANKS. An Accot:NT of the Total Expenses of the Branch Banks du. ring the Years 1828, 189.9, 1830, and 1831. In 18 . 1.8 £27,03'2 5 5 1829 1830 36,421 11 9 1831 37,725 17 8 XI. No. 15. BRANCH BANKS. An Account of the Amount received at each of the Branch Banks for Interest on Bills disc,unted during the Years 1828, 1829, 1830, and 1831. 1830. Gloucester Manchester Swansea Birmingham Liverpool Bristol Leeds Exeter Newcastle Hull Norwich s. d 2,4432 6 5 5,154 3 6 2,041 10 1 11,4'88 12 2 1,758 13 0 1,779 11 8 1,941 16 4 194 • 5 3 726 5 5 1• 2',2 18 0 8 4 9 X. s. (1. 2,408 1 10 2,730 12 7 2,224 3 10 10,811 18 0 2,680 2 9 1,888 0 9 1,845 3 6 85 1 0 710 7 11 1,006 4 I I 1,528 1 2 An ACCOUNT of at each of the 1830, and 1531. Gloucester Manchester Swansea... ...... Birmingham Liverpool Bristol Leeds Exeter Newcastle ...... Hull Norwich .Z. s. d. 844 14 3 3,968 2 11 1,331 8 6 4,343 17 5 351 19 6 488 4 4 541 9 3 No. 16.—BRANCH BANKS. :he Average Amount of Bills under Discount Branch Banks during the Years 1828, 18,29, 18,000 105,000 33,000 98,000 9,000 8,000 10,000 58,000 144,000 55,000 295,000 46,000 47,000 53,000 6,000 19,000 30,000 1,000 66,000 75,000 55,000 277,000 63,000 41,000 48,000 2,000 19,1,1/0 24,000 32,000 1931. 79,000 194,000 84,000 590,000 330,100 102,000 128,000 18,000 38,000 02,000 87,000 XXVIII. An ACCOUNT of the Amounts of the Dividends paid to the Pro prietors of Bank Stock, in the Years ending Feb. 28, 18n9, 1830, 1831, and 1832. In the Year ending February 28, 1829 .£1,184,234 - 1830 ... -- ... -- - 1831 ... . 18:12 4,656,938 X. 8 . d. 2,989 19 4 7,127 17 11 3,034 2 10 21,387 3 8 11,702 1 4 3,759 17 9 5,114 15 5 653 11 0 1,766 10 9 2,382 0 4 3,211 5 XXXv, An ACCOUNT of the Average Amount of Bills under Discount for Bankers during the Year 1831. In 1831 £844,077 N.B.—No separate Account of Discount for Bankers was kept prior to 1831. An .AccoiTyr of the Profits of the Bank of England, in the Year ending February 29, 1&32, stating the Description of the Se curities held by the Bank, and the Sources from which the said Profits have accrued. Interest on commercial bills £130,695 Interest on Exchequer bills Annuity for 45 years (the dead weight account) 451,415 Interest on capital received from Government Allowance received for management of the public debt 0 j 1,8 , g, Interest on loans on mortgages ,684 and Royal 60,684 Interest on stock in the public funds Interest on private loans Profit on bullion, commis s ion , rent , receipts on dis counted bills, unpaid, management of the business o!Ba the t , he 0 f ßa sc n o k t s l a o n t i ' l , n d Ireland,sunodfr sundry i Scotland, ten i item 5,.,,,,,,,, ....... 71,659 ,Gb9,76 1 PORTUGAL. (From the Times.) The following is the intercepted correspondence from the Spanish Consul at Oporto, mentioned in our news of yesterday. It is proper to observe that the original of the first letter is in Spanish, and the other in Portuguese : " TO THE MOST EXCELLENT SENOR DON NAZARIO DE EGUIA. " OPORTO, Auo. 30. " Most respected General,—My last communication to your Excellency was on the 2~2d of this month. " Don Pedro remains in Oporto ; his land forces are en camped within the lines which are being formed for their de fence. He carries on the fortifications of the city with admi rable activity, labouring at them by day and night. Don Pedro shows himself on every point. It may be said, indeed, that his followers here owe their safety to his presence. They continue to enrol and arm people. Hitherto they have expe rienced no want of provisions, nor will they while they com mand the entrance of the port. Some resources have been found in Oporto which give impulse to their enterprise. The magazines of wine belonging to the company of the Upper Douro, which are very considerable, over and above what may be required for the use of the troops and the naval forces, and for the consumption of the city, may produce them 50,000xx's per day. They have already shipped 800 pipes for England, which are worth 120,000 dollars. The Custom-house also pro duces them much, because by blockading, as they say, all the ports of Portugal with their ships, all merchantmen are obliged to come to Oporto to discharge their cargoes. " The Royalist threes have advanced as near the city as it is possible to come, and there they have remained for some days, in sight of the lines which the Constitutionalists are con structing. " Notwithstanding the moderation which the Government wishes to observe, the armed rabble and some of the soldiers commit aggressions, chiefly on Spaniards, natives of Galicia, whom they compel to labour constantly at the fortifications. I have been atrociously insulted for endeavouring to protect them. Only yesterday two soldiers threatened my life. The soldiers who served in 1828 retain an inveterate hatred of the Spaniards. The English merchants established i❑ this city make common cause with the revolutionists, in fomenting ran cour against the Spanish Government and the Spaniards. " Not a day passess but I meet with some mortifying occur rence. I tremble when lam obliged to go out of doors. " The English Consul, a prudent man, who has for many years held that appointment here, is removed, with a very dis proportionate salary, to Corunna, and the Consul of that town comes here. Such is now the power of the Consul's revolu tionary countrymen in Oporto. " It is said here, that Don Miguel's squadron is to sail again to-day from Lisbon, to fight Don Pedro's, and they do not like this news in Oporto. I send you a list which I have obtained of Don Pedro's ships. " A Spanish emigrant, named Senor Juyo, has just arrived here from England. lam told he is the brother of a physician in Orense. lam watching him, and trying to discover the ob ject of his visit. " I received at 10 o'clock this morning your very agreeable letter, dated the 25th inst., to the contents of which I shall pay the most particular attention. Your Excellency may relieve yourself from all anxiety about thebusiness you intrust to me, for I will neglect no opportunity for effectually serving our Lord the King, and giving satisfaction to your Excellency. " The news, reported by the peasants of Valenta that I took down the arms of Spain and left this place, is false. Such a step would be very wrong, and knowing as I do the conse quences, I will not take it, unless it be ordered by his Majesty's Government. So much importance is attached to this point, that I am assured there have been repeated examinations to ascertain whether I still keep up the escutcheon of the arms on my house. " I have today forwarded to the Governor of Tuy a de spatch for your Excellency, with the public papers. I beg of your Excellency to transmit the whole to his Excellency the First Secretary of State, with the assurance of my anxious wish to render myself useful to our Lord the King. I place myself with the greatest pleasure at your Excellency's disposal. " I kiss your Excellency's hands. " TOZE ROIZ CASAES." [Here follows an endorsement in Portuguese, with the pub lic seal of Oporto, certifying the recognition of the marks on the above letter and the genuineness of the signature.] LIST OF. THE VESSELS WHICH COMPOSE DON PE DRO'S SQUADRON. Ships. Guns. Reyna de Portugal, frigate Donna Maria Segunda, frigate 4B Amelia, corvette 2O Portuense, corvette Constitucion, corvette l5 Vinte etrez de Julio, brigantine Conde de Villa for, brigantine l6 Regencia, bark-brigantine l6 Minden°, brigantine l4 Fayal, galliot-brigantine l3 Liberal, galliot-brigantine San Bernado, galliot-brigantine 8 Vela Gracioza, galliot Yela Terceira, galliot Coquete, galliot Esparansa, galliot brigantine " Besides the vessels mentioned above, it appears that they intend to fit out some merchantmen as ships of war." [Here follows a certificate in Portuguese, stating that the above letter and note were sealed with the seal of the Spanish Consulate in Oporto, and addressed to " Don Nazario de Eguia, Captain-General of the army and kingdom of Galicia, Santi ago." The marks are then described.] The original of the following is in Portuguese : " Most Illustrious Senhor—Anxious as I am to be able to send your Excellency some agreeable news, unfortunately the wished-for opportunity has not yet occurred. The Royalist forces have approached as close to this city as possible ; but there has been no fighting, except in some partial recon noissances. " The Royalist squadron, as we are assured, is to sail again to_day from Lisbon, under the command of Rosas, to bring Don Pedro's squadron into action. It appears that they pre tend to blockade all the ports of Portugal. They continue to make trenches and fortify Oporto ; and also, with a shocking despotism, to oblige every person to take up arms. As }et they have experienced no want of provisions, only bread is very dear. They will not leave their trenches unless they are re solved to fight. The delay in attacking Oporto becomes every day more prejudicial to the cause of Don Miguel. As soon as I shall have any news which may be interesting, I shall corn municate it to your Excellency at the same time that I forward it to my own Government. " Oporto, Aug. 30, 1892." _ . The superscription of the above letter is—" To the Most Il lustrious Senhor, the Superintendant of Viana." Underneath the superscription are three marks (rubricas), properlycertified, recognized, &c. (A true copy) ANTONIO JOAQUIM DE TORRES MANGAS. CAMPAIGN IN sYIIIA• F.XTRACT FROM A LETTER DATED ALEXANDRIA, 20TH JULY. ........._ _ " The vessel by which our letter of the 17th instant proceeds, being still in port, we are enabled to transmit to you another bulletin of the successes of the Egyptian army in Syria, which we think will be more than sufficient to shake the faith of the firmest believer in the statements of the Monitcur Ottoman. " Should this conveyance be detained two or three days more, we shall be able to announce to you the entrance of Ibra him Pacha's army into Aleppo, for which place it was to march on the 12th ; a regular daily post by dromedaries to and from Syria having been established ever since the invasion of that country. " By a French brig of war, arrived yesterday, we learn that the Turkish fleet was on the 9th, at Castel Rosso, near Rhodes, on its way to Satalia, where it was to embark a division of irre gular troops for Scanderoon. Either of these places would be very favourable for an attack by the Egyptian squadron." FIFTH BULLETIN OF THE ARMY OF SYRIA. " 9Tit OF THE MOON SAFIR, 1248 (7TII OF JULY, 1832). " At break of day our army, composed of two regiments of infantry and four of cavalry, besides a body of Bedouin horsemen, left Kosseir, in order to pass the night on the east ern bank of the lake Tatli Gucul, at the distance of two leagues and a half from Horns. Early on the following morning, at the moment of our forming in marching order, the ex-Itche tchokhadar, Ibrahim Aga, commanding a body of 2,000 Be douins, composing our vanguard, perceived approaching from Horns the several Pachas, at the head of their united troops They amounted to nearly 25,000 men, commanded by eight Pachas, under the supreme command of Mahomet Pacha, Go vernor of Aleppo. Ibrahim Aga, having immediately com municated what he had seen to his Highness Ibrahim Pacha, the latter delivered the following instructions : " The 2d and 4th regiments of cavalry were placed before and behind on the right wing. The Body Guard of Infantry, six pieces of ordnance, and the 11th Regiment of Infantry, took the centre, whilst the 3d and 7th Regiments of Cavalry, together with the Bedouin horsemen, were placed on the left wing. The enemy arranged himself in three columns, to ha rass whom, a few of our Bedouins were sent forward, in de tachments of forty or fifty men. A few cannon-shots were scarcely fired ere the enemy retired to the distance of a league. "On their side four regiments of infantry, and three of cavalry, had been so d spored as to allow between them, sepa rately, two pieces of cannon. " Our body guards opened a cannonade, which lasted about half an hour, and the enemy's troops, which had advanced, were repulsed by continued discharges of shot. One, however, still continued firing, when the Ist and 2,1 battalion of our Guards, under the command of Khourchid Bey, having formed two columns, together with the 3d and 4th battalions, headed by Selim Bey, charged the enemy with such vigour, as to throw them into completedisorder, whilst our 2d and 4th regiments of cavalry helped to put them to the rout. " Oil the side of the enemy there were present in this action 7,000 regular troops, 2,000 of whom we put to the sword, and made prisoners, amongst wh om were many wounded. Their 2's Pachas took to flight with th e i r usual promptitude, leaving loins by night, and conducting the rem a i n d er o f t h e i r army t o wal fls Hama:. " On the following morning we took possession of the am munition, tents, and provisions of the enemy—the former con sisted of '2O pieces of cannon and I mortar. Had not their defeat and flight unfortunately taken place at sunset, not au individual of these pretended regulars would have escaped from the hands of our brave soldiers. " The hasty flight of the Seraskier, Mahomet Pacha, had not allowed him time to carry off his papers. Many confiden tial letters and documents were found in his tent, and given up to the Commander-in-Chief, who has despatched them to his Highness the Viceroy. " The names and titles of the Pachas commanding the de. feated army are as follow : " Mahomet Pacha, Governor of Aleppo and Scraskier ; Os man Pacha, Governor of Maadan ; Osman Pacha, Gover. nor of Kaisseri; Ali Pacha, ex-Governor of Damascus; Osman Pacha, ex-Governor of Tripoli; Mahomet Pacha, Candiot ; and Neghel Mahomet, and Dilaver Pachas. " These nine Generals are all Pachas of three tails ; in the army of the enemy were also other Pachas of two tails." EXTRACT FROM THE REPORT OF HIS HIGHNESS THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, IBRAHIM PACHA. " I have never witnessed such a defeat as that which has been just experienced by the enemy; nor do I hesitate in as serting, that 200,000 or 300,000 similar troops would not cause me the least anxiety. By God's help we will ever chastise such fellows whenever they may fall in our way. " The prisoners have been sent to St. Jean d'Acre, where the Divan Effendi has received orders to enrol those who are willing to enter our army, and to send to their homes or into Egypt such as may be desirous of going thither. " We reckon 102 slain and 162 wounded, and have lost 172 horses." 35,769,000 31,540,000 27,577,000 29,507,000 23,355,000 25,573,000 29,5,21,000 30,992,0(0 32,403,000 30,692,000 31,178,(03 9.9,424,000 30,814,000 30,813,000 26,989,000 SIXTH BULLETIN OF THE ARMY OF SYRIA. " 13TH OF THE MOON SAFIII 1248 (11rn JULY, 1832). " On the 11th day of the moon Safir (9th July), the army left Horns at four in the morning, first directing itself towards Rasten, a village situated near the Orontes, where it halted till the evening, and then crossed the river, to pass the night on the opposite bank. Out of 11 cannons carried off by the Pachas, we picked up six on our way hither. " The panic, with which the enemy was smitten by the treatment they experienced at Horns, carried them on without daring to enter Hama, whilst the Arab tribe of Anezes*, availing themselves of their disordered state, fell suddenly on the fugitives, killing and despoiling a great number thereof. " On the 12th (10th July), at 2 in the morning, his High ness Ibrahim Pacha left the camp at the head of his cavalry, arriving at Hama after two hours' march, and two hours later our infantry entered the town. " At a short distance from Hama we gained possession of the five pieces of ordnance not yet taken from the enemy, as well as of the remainder of their tents and provisions. " The fugitive Pachas, having thus lost their artillery, at length joined one another, to halt at the castle of Medak. As to the Field-Marshal, Hussein Pacha, we were informed that he had arrived at Antioch. " Orders were forwarded to the Divan Effendi for imme diately despatching from St. Jean d'Acre, for the service of our newly-acquired ordnance, the Lieutenant-Colonel of artillery, with 300 artillerymen, and a sufficient number of smiths and carpenters, together with all the draught horses to be found in the place. " Our army will this day move towards Aleppo. " A true and verified Statement of the Regular Troops in the Enemy's Army, defeated by our own in the action at Horns. 4th Regiment of Infantry, composed of 7th ditto ditto 11th ditto ditto 15th ditto ditto Regiment of Cavalry, commanded by Ismet Bey 5OO Ditto, commanded by Mahomet Ali Bey Body, commanded by Mahomet Pacha, Candiot BOO Total 10,471 Of whom nearly 1,500 have escaped from the hands of our war riors, the remaining number having been either slain or made prisoners by ourselves during the action, or, in their flight, by the Arabs of Anezes." This Arab tribe is one of those amongst whom the Sultan has ordered the Pacha of Aleppo (as appears by the secret cor respondence taken) to collect 60,000 men, to disperse the army of Ibrahim Pacha. DUTCH AND GERMAN PAPERS. (RECEIVED THIS MORNING.) Bots•LE-Duc, SEPT. 9. —While the troops of the 3d division were encamped at Oirschot the cholera appeared among them, but to a very limited extent ; the number of deaths did not exceed five, and the disorder has not hitherto spread any farther. AMSTERDAM. SEPT. 11.—Count Guetani Lucchesi di Buatiglia arrived here yesterday from Berlin on his way to the Hague. RA PEN, SEPT. 4.—We have observed that during the prevalence of the cholera, most fish, swallows, sparrows, crows, &e. entirely left us; last Friday they came back. The country people affirm that they have seen them in flocks flying towards our town, and since that time the disease has greatly abated, and, as appears from the re ports of the medical men, the cases are more rare. I give you this account, as I have received it, but 1 think it worth communicating, that attention may be paid to the circumstance in other places, as I think important infer ences may be drawn from it. THE HAGUE, SEPT. 11.—The cholera has nearly left us ; we have had to-day 1 new case, I death, and 7 reco veries—only 9 cases remain. ST. PETEEsBUEGH, Auo. 29.—8 y an ukase of the 9th inst. the Emperor his sanctioned the measures proposed by the Minister of Finance for the liquidation of the debts with which the sequestrated estates of the rrbels are charged. Special committees for this purpose are to be formed i❑ the Governments of Kiew, Podolia, Wilna, Grodno, Minsk, Witensk, Allhileff. and Bialystock. DUTCH FUNDS.—AMSTERDAM, SEPT. 11. Actual Debt, '2.Y q per cent . 44 to 44 t,,‘ A mort Syndic, 4% per cent 73 to 74 q Ditto, ditto, 3% per cent. Voluntary Loan, 1831, 6 per cent 96% to 97 Ditto, ditto, 1832, 5 per cent 8.3% to 84 Exchange on London l2 20 to 12 17 5-10 Ditto, tZvo months —Dutch Papers, Sept. 12. LA NG ENBURG, SEPT. 1 . —Her Serene Highness, Princess Feodorowna Augusta Charlotte Wilheltnina, of Hohenlolie Langenburg (Princess of Leiningen), was safely delivered yesterday afternoon of a Prince, who is to be buptized by the name of Herman Ernest Francis Bernard. POSEN, Aun. 26.—Our garrison, which- was to go for a month to Silesia to the autumnal reviews, remains here i❑ consequence of the unfavourable accounts respect ing the cholera. _ The accounts from Warsaw are rather more satisfactory than they have been. Here, too, an amn,sty from the King is expected. A Cabinet order has lately been re ceived by our Magistrates with a pardon for a person named Kazobski, who was sentenced by the ordinary tri bunals to six months' imprisonment, and confiscation of his property, for the part he took in the Polish revolution. The Cabinet order expressly says—" He is to be exempted from punishment on account of his youth." If this is to be a.sutned as a standard, the amnesty may not be very general ; but we, however, expect such a one, because here and at Berlin the Government suffers many who took part in the revolution (but who are not so generally known to have done so) to go about unmolested, as if it were un acquainted with the fact.—Nurembury Correspondent, September 6. ROME, AUG. 28.—The day before yesterday being the day after St. Louis's day, the French Ambassador set out for Naples, where he thinks to remain with his family till the middle of September. This simple fact will enable the people of Patio to decide what they are to think of the truth of the late assertion of the Temps, which stated that the Ambassador set out for Naples on the 2(1 inst. in order not to pass St. Louis's day at Rome, because none of the Luigi s c t C h rdmndaoei wouldth a t e d i o , a n y i w e . l o t e n o r e j t d b t i a y h t d e e noug h a A y m t b o t e s Ambassador o r Churchnumbermusof S t. n t recei ve ei i he Temps arrived at Rome on St. Louis's day, and just at the moment that the Ambassador was receiving the Cat. dinals at the Church. It is unlucky enough for the Paris journalists that the assembly of the Cardinals on the 25th, and in the Church of St: Louis, was more brilliant than usual, there being twenty-three Cardinals present, that is, almost all the Cardinals in Rome, if we except those whom age and indisposition keep at home. But what will the Parisian newspapers say to the fact that Pope Gregory himself catne on the 25th to the church of St. Loui-, and addressing the Ambassador who received him, said, in a voice loud enough to be heard by all those who stood round, " I ant come to testify the good under standing that prevails between the two nations, and to give a proof of my attachment to France, to your person, and to his Majesty the King." His holiness afterwards conversed very affably with the Ambassador, and expressed his satisfaction with the con duct of the French in Ancona, at the same time highly extolling General Cubieres. The words of . the Pope are politically important, and furnish a good commentary to the article of the Temps. Satisfactory accounts continue to be received from the provinces. The machine goes on regularly. In about six weeks we shall know the result of the meeting of the Councils of the Communes. By that time, too, the Pro vincial Councils will be chosen, and their deputations come to Rome. 250,000 piastres of the new loan have been received and paid. An equal sum will be paid by the end of this month (Aug ust), and the remainder in monthly instal talents, as the Government itself wished.—Allgerneine Zeitung, Sept. 7. BARBAROUS PUNISHMENT.—A wretched ne jo g outu , gis.in s i a ‘ ot v t l i, yt:ocsnoutitlnieoeinnt something execution. ethe w i e aa a sj t . : r during ty rubbedo fe,ildv men,tr t t fur %ith ho i writer's honey br from head to foot, and then lashed to the trunk of a gum. tree. In this state swarms of mosquitoes and venomous insects instantly lodged themselves to her ears, nostr il s, and eyes, and, attac kin g her breast , inflicted the most hor rible torture upon bier. Two d i a::s ni a m f h t n e l r e w n s t rd b s y , t ti h ie e body of t m lils ss, un c fo ov rt e u re n d ate wi t t n i n 7 lia t d v s as o b f ec b o l in ee e di a ng m i e n re se m ets is . -sh aT p leine themselvesname given i to the this u . s q p u e j o t' s t r o e f e . Corbiere's Narrative of a Visit to the Western Coast of Africa. THE LEICESTER CONVICT. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR—I was astonished, on reading the evidence in fl case of rape, to observe that the girl bad allowed the to uow ordered for execu:ion to SLEEP IN HER BED ON BEFORE the night on which he perpetrated the Crllnet WELL AS ON THAT NIGHT ALSO, without shame remonstrance, till the situ a ti on to w hi c h s h e a dmits him tempted him (I should say through her and her 1 11 tress's fault) to commit the deed for which he is miry dered to suffer. Purely, under these circumstances, ct nected with the fact of THE GIRL'S CONCEALING THE CURRENCE FOR SOME DAYS, TILL QUESTIONED, and ter its disclosure HER ALLOWING HERSELF TO BE TAE ABOUT FOR SOME TIME BY THE CONVICT'S B ROTH I who by that means hoped to procure his liberation floor absence of evidence, the Judge will advise a commutat of the sentence to transportation for life, and not stiff r blood of a poor man to be shed for a crime no more Btu" heinous than that for which an officer of Hussars Co pounded in Ireland a short while ago for a few hood pounds of his superfluous means. If any one, the harridan deserves banging. Yours, &c. A BARRISTER. RYE, SEPT. 8. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. S t a,—W e are much gratified that the question of newing the charter of the Bank of England is likely involve a complete investigation of the whole of our a netary system. It is a subject well worth the attention, a reformed Parliament. One result appears to be rnora' certain, that in the present state of society, when mon polies of every kind are giving way to the force of pub opinion, an overgrown est ,blishment like that of the / 3 " of England must share the common fate of other moo polies. We know of no article in which the principle' free trade can he so advantageously brought into operatic as in a free and unshackled competition in the article money ; neither do we know of any plan by which a manent value to property, a remunerating profit to sal taliste, and a just reward to i n d us t ry , can b e secure d, by depriving the Company of the Bank of England of power of contracting or enlarging the circulating medi t of the country at their will, and at the same time au ° rising the establishment of companies upon the princil of Scotch banking, with the liberty of issuing note any value, not less than 1/., and to any amount, where P r , per guarantees can be given for security, e i t h er by the posit of title-deeds of landed estate, or any o th er avail"' property. It is a perfect anomaly in the history of our coa t that the land, fertile in the produce of nature, cove r ' with a population as prolific in the product. o f a rt ' r industry, should present a scene of wide-spread distreo nt misery. The beneficent purposes of Providence have ti long been defeated by the distributive power of a Goale: ment, which takes from th e p ro d uct i ve c l asses t h e pof of their labour to pamper the luxuries of the unproduCt' But thanks to the ant, Iligence and energy of the peoPl e England, the unjust and cruel Act, that consummation Tory folly, commonly called Pe e l' s Bill, h as h a d t he 'a' tary effect of inducing a spirit of inquity and public ent c prise, which has led to a redress of grievances, by set nett to the people a free repres en t a ti on . Th e R e f orm Bill, t great charter of 1832, has no doubt prepared the W'Y' properly improved by the electors of England, to a g e °, ral amelioration of the con diti on o f soc i ety. W e perfe'' agree with Mr. Attwood and the Reformers of the Nol l that the Political Unions should not be dissolved they have completed their work of regenerating all , t , institutions of the g rea t commun i ty of which e'', forma part. After the advice which has so freque nt ' and forcilq been offered to the Government by prao c and experienced men, who are acquainted with coneall cial pursuits, of whom Mr. Attwood may be consideet fair representative, we feel assured that a liberal s ysten l , banking will be adop ed, c a l cu l a t e d t o mee t th e 0 60°, of commerce and agriculture ; and, as it is totally imP r i i ticable to reduce the burde ns o f th e coun t ry t o a !eV its means by equitable adjustment, the only alternative "l pears to be to raise the means to a level of the burden' ) gradual system of retrenchment and economy may th e f q safely introduced, without sacrificing th e gener al we' of the people. _ I remain, Sir, your obedient servant, „ AN OBSERVE' A public meeting was held in the town Sheffield, on Monday last, on the subject of Poland. to DuNw, Esq., the master-cutler, in the chair. C ° i t PLATER and several gentlemen addressed th e meeting " , 1 great effect, when strong resolutions were agreed e° 'lj well as an address t o hi s M AJESTY , express i ve of syll,114", fur the sufferers, and abhorrence of their oppressors. BAD SPORT.—During the insurrection is 1795, the following announcement appeared in a DI( Paper: —" Gen e ral L AKE scoure d th e countr y seate r ° I, but bad not the good fortune t o mee t with a s ingle re At At Uttoxeter Fair, on Thursday last, th e ,,, was a good supply of excellent cheese, which sold frotil 6i o to 60s. per cwt., a f e w prim e d a i r i es f e t c h e d r ather ° money.—Derby Reporter. A id It is observed th a t th e swa ll ows , w hi c h han-, 4 ,0 some time disappear e d f rom B russe l s , h ave returne d lg" i o these five or six days, j us t a t th e moment t h at t he el° e is is abating. Tie same observation has been no,le several communes near Brussels. Th t 3"j :ere are now open in the Quadrant Regent-street no less than six gambling-houses; at fijd than one of which there is every facility of entrance' 00 the stakes played are as low as a single shilling• r # house recently opened is next to a Chapel, thus °oil ing the old saying, " The nearer the Church the fo r from," &c. The Home Secretary has issued circtilo,sr: calling upon the various officers to transmit to him, s' ll as they are completed, a statement of the new coissto cies under the Reform Act.—Brighton Gazette. ri LIVERPOOL, WEDN ESDAY NIGHT.--"T'ed was a duel fought yesterd a y morn i ng i n t h e neighbour!' 'll, of this town by two military gentlemen, who µ , e 11 0! t. wird by their second s an d a surgeon — t h e l a tter '' f - 1 0 supposed, there being five persons present. One ° d. parties was winged, for he went halting off the gron e o t. The last accounts from the Highlands 5 01 the abundance of gam e of th e p resen t season to be" lo it unprecedented. The grouse on the braes and t 'r e ,‘ formed the princip a l a tt rac ti on o f t h e numerous par nobility and gentry this year sporting in that couo gr t) 1 0 0 Some gentl e men h a d b agge d upwar d s o f fif ty ()di 60 of birds each per day, and many others from twentr e d to forty brace. Of partridges the present has been I:3 ,e!' the finest breeding seasons ever remembered; the c :ipf are large, and the bird s uncommon l y strong on the " Hares are also very numerous. 1 1 $ 11 : i TITHES.—WALLSTOWN CARNAGE— DICT OF THE JURY.-On Saturday evening the ver b brought in a verdict of " Justifiable homicide." -, 1 40 r" witnesses had been examin e d o n th e p ar t o f the ~,f The principal one was Ttnamas F. O'KEEFn. thll o l/, respondent says, that he " g ave a most clear anti s I- oit , tory evidence, which went to charge the Magistrate , di! want of humanity, as in his (O'KEEFE's) o pinil; o 4, people might be dispersed without an effusion of h' s ., Th e nutniier of people assemble.' on this f a t a l ocna' u ' r ,:t o stated to us not to have exceeded 200, including tbt women and children. Those who brought with 04 ' 1 :01 itopletnents of husbandry, which they were using O f ' the valuators came on, did not exceed twelve,'" Chronicle. of 11 jlr t letter :—" The elections in this neighbourhood see c° „:l o bcil isee u s E s t fs: 3 a e als f r vi e E s iN( . l : : G i L r rN e a T iaibi :: llCed e f s o lGtA T u foeli r o ril r g f.i: y o brC o : d r p :Ot a ' ; u n t Kr t e y a n ESPn l i dE lt ra • P e ti: y e s Tu , e a om. t f sf e aa s f f\n t o eiV r i r o t9a) :: .ol g w t r : ff oc hEOkul War w ic k s hi re, J P: thrraher:eis°3l Ipjfi town Mr. SCHOLEFIELD has made good his groa n !it f ' d liberty is much stronger. It is an ill wind that no good,' it i s sa id , and certainly out of the g ene"T . :10: 1 ( tress which p reva i ls among the industrious classes, °i f "i 4 1 ` ) ; at last fo un d to arise a general desire of change. It time to show how far this desire of change wil l Pt pe of good. lam of opinion that every thing good is to petted from it. 5 1 " SINGUL AR E FFECT OF C HOLERA AT SP s ot PORT.—A Westport correspondent, upon whose f i e p r oil l we place reliance, has communicated to us the f° ,j 9 extraordinary f ac t :—" I n th e d emesne o f the 1% 1 1,41 Suco, near W es tp or t H ou s e , th ere i s one of th e 0 :0 rookeries i n t h e W es t o f I re l an d. O n t h e first or 01 day of th e appearance o f c h o l era i n this Pl ice eor e : astonished to observe that all the rooks had disal'F l and for three weeks during which the disease ragjeoef!e; lently, those noisy t e nants of the trees completely their lofty habitations. In the meantime the revenue ' a O' , Upon found immense numbers of them lying dead u P t l i e 4e , shore, near Erris, about ten miles distant. n ve ril 0 cline of the malady, within the last few days, s e hoo tl , t t b h e e o r l u d o k b e i r r t y l h b a u v t e s a u g m a e i n o appeared s in e e h e e d n t e , b i e n : li r i " oi a lv e olo, Of b b e i e r : ihrc. uin sti o r r o t, o t k o e r r y ea is c the.h uut a ir si n x e t s h t s of whatT hen u i t m b h e a r d months ago."—Dublin Morning ,Register. Coin. 1538. 18.29. 1830.