The Sun. — London, England, 1822-10-16 00:00:00

y 110.51(i t• • • •• • J , - • tif C rt , . •• . • E t". • 41, 1 1- • • . 124-1 1 74- 4 14 ' 7/2 tal ij 41 IV Ire :f Ita tirgt y g hV oin g • tole 1 ' 533 ' bly,. so ort , f a t' ye . a she 001. but e• - • N. 4 .&"! 4 NUMBER, 9405. NE ~ IIL T HEATRE -ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Public are respectfully informed that P O i cr obe this Theatre w ill b e opene d - THIS EVE N IN G , Coi gn ' 1 822, w i t h' an Occasional Address, written by t ante Esq. t o bespoken by. Mr. Terry (his first affeaer fornaThthis stage) ; a lt er w hi c h i i iiiM a j esty ' s Servants will p r - ~ ,e l ,dan's Comedy of Slr SCI-100 L FOR SCANDAL. Ake, - et er Te az l e, Mr Munden.; Sir Oliver Surface, M r. face 1 4 , 1 ; Sir I3enjamin * Bac.kbite, Mr. Harley ; Joseph Sur lt? Gattie Cooper ; Ch ar l es Sur f ace; M r . Minton ; Crabtree, Ares ; Careless, Mr. Barnard Lady Teazle, Mrs. 1 .11 0v t; Lady Sneerwell, Mrs. Knight; Mrs. Candour, Mrs. ; Alaria,.Miss Smith. To which will be added the Comic Opera of (-• TH E. POOR SOLDIER. i t : 4t 4 t t i l ta .u l n li m : en it zl'oY; Mr. Barnard ; Patrick, 3ladame-Vestris • alt, Mr. Miller (his first appearance on any stage);_parhy,. ; Father Luke, Mr. G. Smith ; Bagatelle, !Ur The rlh, Miss Kathleen, Miss Copelan :Peif Do ors will be opened 'at Half-past Six o'clock, and the 110°,,es rlTiatlces commence at Seven. 78 ; Second Price 3s 6d.—Pit 3s. 6d.; SeCond Price 4.4 0 - n ti T3 tric e r eGwallery ; Second Price ls:—Upper Gallery Is.; heel 'a Cklatio l n n th c e in theto.4s betaken Of Mr: Spring, at - the Bo m x- Rotunda, where Family Boxes (for the a_cc e o en: t a ged, a Parties coming. late to the Theatre) so may o l2 Pokt, a Private- Box had nightly ;as al .1 1 ! \ l r es an of Ilond street, who is appointed sole Agent, the I:l() ,,' 44 s t .be n i a ' f . the Town, for the nightly disposal of Private rr,?,, n `glog to the Lessee of this Theatre. fi sr suaY, the tragedy of Hamlet: Hamlet, Mr. Young da le aPPearance on this stage); Ophelia (first time), Ma -011 ;stris—and What Next ? I lagh ' f i ,.` l aY, The Heir. at Law : Cicely Homespun, Mrs. thi e- ktrool the Theatre Royal, Exeter, her first appearance 41 nlry.Operatic Department, Mr. Braham, Miss Stephens, eel Au stin (from the. Theatre Royal, Dublin); are en- LIYIR. c VETERINARY COLLEGE. " f 9LtATAN will begin - his , COURSE 111,7 1 , : ri d t i,'CI:URES on the ANATOMY, l'HySlO - of the HORSE, on MONDAY, ,`• vembr, at Twelve o!Clock. .14‘-f) OLD EN GLISH SCHEME. ~1,01.. d.,, • conj unction with the other s ,7 1 , t o -"tractors for in the P resent Lottery, has felt of it the li' ' 14 % ' cod actors with the Public Wish, by the rev i va l ..n vil);...ittait 1 ld English Lotteru:s, i '.Bl ti, ' wward Schemes of the o . j zt , i. -.A_rev are NO Classes, No Fixed Prizes, nor any Stock cblitAtuiottery ir te e, 7. timber comment or recommendation of the At 4 es t e lt „ht t n liC l p ni tl p b a ii r c t, ha m v i e ts e t a h li e e u d n ,fo o r ec t e h s e s y ar w y i?li as he is assured patronise. The ild 6 egins on the 30th of THIS MONTH, a nd - : 1" APITALS, including •. .' °I . • ...£20,000 I 3 2 •• •• .... . .... 10,000 10 -- l,OOO Soh '"'• 500 + 4che .... ... 5,000 20 , And Eighty of £3OO and £2OO. :h` ll ute -rks nt large 4...tn-av" had gratis at CARROLL'S fo , r , - - er - pces,l9cofibler z ,and 26;OXFORP-STREE I, ` -ikt i:tt l , e f S ,Q l d, in the last and late Lotteries, a great pro 7 pi,"e Capital Prizes, including . PUhi -IF' of £ 30.090 and•FIVE of 1.40,000 ! 'l l/ . . 1. 1 4 4 Y Were Published, price 4i. 6d. hoards, --;,-,7ER OBSERVATIONS on the 11e Oiti,,i"CTURES o f the RECTUM ; with Reniat ks..on ", t) * - "'nns o f ' W r iters, relative tc the situation 5 1 , 11 .4" bi, t4se. some late l ' 4 l,, 44 ;_ te r.,N u i 1 odic Constriction of the ad Tr on Spasm odic of part of M. Boyer s (4,4,01 e p a,,.. ,_ nn th a ans!, t . ~ Slid k r r , 0 , 11 that Complaint, accompanied by several E ngraving, eitib er Ilv W. WHITE, , t u nch c ',, l ,tlie 11,, T 1 Co llege. of Surgeons, London ;. Corres -1 Priiit"4' '' -41-- - 4tr o tti ber' , a . ot t he M edical Sncivty ; and one of the •-origylv_d Flu tle City r rmary and Dispensary, Bath. 4n, o iry Gye ln , ' Market-place, Bath ; Published by nd Brown, London. i l () ti BS44 tV he t r - r e ''''nY lt h e e es iia () d r a m l e t ' o, a the Third Edition of le 'nin e l ONS on STRICTURES of the RECTUM, &c. 4 Author. olt il l 'Utt CORNS, BUNIONS, c i NCok''IS'S ROYAL BR UNSWICKI tSti„ , er t LASTER, prepared from a Receipt belong -441;1 t:o rris e lia iesY. It is an excellent Remedy for efireasiilliy ur i'l4nee%,,l.lnd giving relief to those who have h ard fotlleoill.en,'e bottom of their feet. without thelea p st lo p s a te it r i ty' r eSh wivitce, and will prove asvery useful Family torsiCo.4l.4zit...:",)aitive:s and Scalds, likewise' for Bunions. Prepared 0 iti n ‘-' Chem' t t the Royal Family, Kensington . . at Is. is li. ° and 2s. 9d. by Butlers, CI em Ly i ' k u 11 ; _, -Pskle, and 220 Regent-street, London; . 90, Wa- . ki,ge Fric", tdiriburgh ;, 34 Sackville-street, Dublin ; an d d IN "(), 11. nei Pal Medicine Venders throughout the Unite lip . . p -ON : , or c h. 44 dr , w ick, c "era arc requested to ask for " Monnis's It kiii e ' s 'if ~ "N P LAsrun," arid to observe the name and Itsb,P ktt ao , liutl er, 4, Cheapside," arc engrave d . on the 'at'l k "ed to each bo t distinguish the Genuine from s under • • x ! ° similar titles. 1 -414A /L - l l' is Isll 'A.R . l( REGISTER OF THE PROVINCE PrO Op LOWER CANADA. 'fq r i ,the ab ) °sed to publish by Subscrion, un .4'1111;47 title, the PROCEEDINGS of t he HOUSE 14,1h 1t , to be continued annuall. t ed e h with r e and propriety of their . Constituents . being l '9a a 'te be n ature and result of their deliberations, ap vtliktv,(26% I ,eb felt by the Members ; as, early in the last ig h k s tis tie v ‘ ;o of in_ tvi r tte e e cetn. „ ber), the House of Assembly appointed'a of king to inquire into the most Parliamentary °f f olds llg p k r n . the proceedings of this House to the e a l °Me. t k c h s"-- si ' terese,e,iveunle,klouse of Assembly induced the Subscriber, (fo r 4 c?mces, to postpone the publication of the it i s '1 well an which he had issued a Prospectus,) under the tcr it k te,p r ell, k n e o a rlY Report from the Committee. The Ses. i lle t eal lil e l)y t h e terminated without any communication te ih _of . h o .y, on ,-o Trimittee to the House, and, as in the Px tey'Ttha4:•l2 // e4 ; 11 1 . , ode is adopted to disseminate the proceeld e of Parliament, it is_presumed . it cannot be ,;10re un constitutional. The following Prospec bik,r;iriii ncrihe;Pe.etfully submitted to the public. the wb will cOnstantly attend the House of Assem pub'. °le Session from the moment the doors are thihedMen, que ll , le till t h e closed or the House adjourns ; l! r eju Y dic r e e againstOr pFtiality for any party, , x e4it i4 ,7 3 7, of his abilities, faithfully report every I %,4lAPeatitio s , t i_ nl aPortant which may occur. As to capa ,q, ks 'mag, for ',e.task he proposes to undertake, he refrains h, t ee , t j4s4Stehe standing already before the tribunal of the ik t kli46lstitii,,graet - t i t ' ; thet, they are fully competent to pass a p k s ,te,.exet hpt "Llt he may be permitted to assure them .N'l'iar i ; A erCi.s.;„ 'r°ra _political bias the little talent he is he t'L Al] en tar _ g shall be strenuously exerted to render lt e soli," .‘egister worthy of the patronage which he i v i h it s . .be will ,-i vs sii t „ deli, be, published in royal Ovo. upon fine paper, Ni,: 44 l liti e s'i a io '_the e l e C i de t , o c Subscribers as early after the close of f 4Tit t ° 4 4 ; ,, °nu Appendix (which contain ‘ ,‘rie it '.te t b oßS ‘q th e , -.Xcellency the Governor in Chief,such op_ialative Council as may tend to elucidate --. 1- wer House, important Reports of i t 'Nt ti lat es p r „ ever else can contribute to its utility and p ' li a 'e• In the interim, extended Reports of ' l.' t tli e klitil it n hlisl le ,Paa be regularly furnished to the Public ht s tate the N g , 'lt Quebec and Montreal, so that the Public at 4 ° t Pa r b' v rhee will be early and constantly informed 'ves. —mental" Business, and the opinions of their t,lt,4lbto thio 11 of t h e TER.sxs. Nttled thate ftel,,ist td Session and the degree of patronage ar elth , e a nr uat greatly regulate its price. It is t tkr "shall • will be the cost, but the Reporter e 102inot exceed Iss. 'tilkt`teti, B . W. S. SIMPSON. tib ,::l ( , jts gty e last rales that he has in MSS. the entire prO kti th e ~ eor ge r e ,„ s slon, being the first under the Reign of lA t t i4y " e !kli i; . 5 and of the Administration of his Ex- Ntt b_ alhousie. If adequate encouragement is ileZ7l sitsviltiblished as Vol I. of the Parliamentary th„ i s Proposed to co . ntinue the work, it will ` Y - 11 4,1" ()I-n roencernent of his Majesty's Reign, trunistration, and also of the present Par- 11 on lt• 50 70 P e 5 3 ' 50s . 5 ;4S 6° ' 105 P er 10 , 0 ." . 1 tiOs 94 1 n er c i j „ O r cry ( C 3, jos 1 ) re" —sl 4 0 3 t• AI 49 Os t° 19 s 1 ° I $l l6'X O ll I g e' 01 UO4 ge, 10 lg e ' di WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 16, 1822. ficiently insolent and insane to dare to attribute to the wish and orders of my august father, Don Joaru VI., to whpm Brazil owes her rank of kingdom, the.-wish to demolish at one blow the finest monument which the history of the universe has to. record. Ii is, doubtless, incredible that so great a delusion should have been attempted : but facts s p ea k for themselves ; and sophisms cannot prevail against ehvious truth. While my august father still remained on the plains of the river Janetio, from which he has been unfortunately drawn by secret and perfidious manoeuvres, to inhabit again the banks of the Old Tagus, the Congress of • Lisbon affected to entertain sentiments of fraternal equality and enlightened principles of reciprocal justice towards Brazil ; declaring formerly, by article 21, of the basis of the, Constitution, thatthe fundamental law which was about to be made and promulgated, should only have application in this kingdoM in the case of its assembled deputies - declaring such to be the will of the pet)* whom they represented. But how shocked were those peoe when they found, in contradiction of this article, and in contempt of their inalienable rights, a fractional portion of the general Congress deciding on their dearest interests ! when they saw the domi nant party in that incomplete and imperfect Congress legislat ing on subjects which were of transcendent importance, and peculiarly referable to Brazil, M e ths; absence of about two. tlettaaattf herrepredentativesel, "e - ' -- That dominant party, which still shamelessly' insults the knowledge and probity of the worthy and judicious men who have seats in the Cortes, has tried all the means of a dark and infernal policy to deceive Brazil by an apparent fraternity . which never resided in their hearts; and secretly took advan tage of the errors of the governing junta of Bahia (which they secretly promoted) to break the. sacred bonds which }mite all the provinces of Brazil under my legitimate and paternal re gency. How could the Congress recognize in that factious Junta a legitimate authority capable of undoing the political ties of the province, and separating it from the centre of the system to which it w as b oun d ? an d this, too, :after the oath of my august father to the Constitution promised to tale whole monarcy ! 'What right had that Congress, whose national representation was ehen sOicly limited to Portugal, to sanction acts so illegal, criminal; and fatal in their consequences to the whole united kingdom ? What were the advantages which Bahia was to obtain ? The vain and ridiculous name of c Province of Portugal, and, what is worse, the evils of civil war and anarchy in which that province is now plunged, in conse quence of the guilt of its former Government, sold as it was to the demagogues of Lisbon, and of some other men, misled by anarchial and republican ideas.. Were it possible for Bahia to be preserved as a province of the poor and broken dovni kingdom of Portugal, would it be better so than by being one of the first provinces of the vast and powerful Empire of Brazil ? But the Congress had little other,vicws. Brazil was :to be no longer a- kingdom ; it was to be deprived of its throne, to be stripped of the Royal mantle of its Majesty, to be com pelled to lay down its crown and sceptre, and retrograde in the political order of the universe—to receive new fetters, and humble itself like a slave at the feet of Portugal. Itnt we thust not stop here. Let us examine the progressive marelt - of the Cortes. They authorized and established alkar • chical provincial governments, independent of each Other, but subject to Portugal. They destroyed the responsibility and the mutual harmony of the eiv;l, military, and financial powers, leaving to the people no resource for - their inevitable evils, un less they sought it across the vast ocean—a vain and delusive resource. A happy idea, indeed, it was of the Congress to break to pieces the majestic architecture, to separate its parts and place them in a state of continual contest, to annihilate the strength of the provinces and to convert them into somany hos tile republics. ,But little do the Cortes regard. the misfortunes of Brazil. It is sufficient for then that opportunities may arise for taking advantage of the disasters they create. Like the sa vages of Louisiana, they would cut down the tree to get at once at the fruit, rather than gathetit regularly from the branches. The representations and efforts of the governing junta; and the deputies of Pernambuco, to rid theniselves of the European bayonets, to which that province was indebted for its melan choly intestine dissensions, were unavailing. .Meanwhile Brazil began to tear aside the thick veil which covered her eves ;,elna perceived the purpose for which- these troops were destined; she inquired into the causes of the reception that had been given to the proposals of the few Deputies she had in Por tugal, and was gradually losing all hope of improvement and reform in the deliberations of the Congress, and she at length found that the justice of her claims, and the patriotic voices of her deputies, were disregarded. But this. was not all. The Cortes of Portugal well know that Brazil was oppressed by the enormous debt of the treasury to her national bank ; and that if the latter should fail, num berless families would be reduced - to ruhi and total indigence. This was a subject of the utmost importance, yet not the least attention was bestowed on the credit of that Bank : it rather ap peared that they were carefully labouring to give it a final blow, taking from Brazil the surplus of the provincial revenues, which ought to have been paid into her public and central treasury : and they even deprived the Bank of the. management of the contracts which the King my august father had conceded to it for mortgaging that debt. - • Finally, there arrived at Brazil the fatal decree of my recall to Portugal, and the total exclusion of 'the tribunals of Rio • de Janeiro, while at the same time those of Portugal continued in existence. Every hope instantly vanished even of preserv ing a delegation of the elcecutive power which -forms the common centre of union anti strength of all the provinces of this vast nation : for without this common centre, which gives regularity and impulse to all the movements of the social machine, in vain would nature have bestowed all that she has profusely expended for the rapid development of the power and future prosperity of Brazil. A vigorous and constitutional government can alone smooth the way for augmenting the civilization and progressive rich es of Brazil, de fend her against her external enemies, and repress the plots of ambitious and evil-disposed men, who presume to make at tempts on individual liberty and prosperity, and on the peace and public security of the state in general,. and of each of her provinces in particular. Without this common centre, I once more repeat, all the relations of mutual amity and commerce between this kingdom anti Portugal and foreign countries will encounter a thousand collisions and obstaeles ; and instead of augmenting our wealth, under a solid and adequate system of public economy, we shall see it stagnate, decline, and perhaps totally vanish. Finally, without this - centre of power and union, the Brazilians cannot preserve their natural limits and frontiers, and will lose by the present machinations of the Congress all that they have gained at the expence of so much blood and trea sure ; and what is worse, with the loss of their national honour and glory, and their great and legitimate political and commer cial interests. But, happily for us, outraged justice and policy will raise a universal cry, and suspend the execution of theise mischievoui decrees. The indignation of the people of this kingdom was again roused by the contemptuous treatment offered to the worthy citizens of Brazil; for in the numerous list of Diploma tists, Ministers of State, Councillors, and Military Gover nors, there appeared not a single Brazilian name. The sinis ter purposes for which these new bashaws were appointed un der the title of Governors-general is now apparent.' It is suffi cient to observe the uniform conduct winch they held in our provinces, in opposition to the dignity and liberty of Brazil—it it sufficient to remark the consideration with which the Cortes attended to their dispatches, and the influence which they exer cised in civil and political affairs, totally unconnected with mi litary employments. The condescension with which the Cortes received the congratulations of the fratricide troops expelled from Pernambuco—the late approbation bestowed by the Con gress on the proceedings of General Avilez ' who occasioned th e premature death of my lamented son, the Prince Don doom— the disregard paid to the sanguinary scenes of Bahia, perpe trated by the infamous Madeira, who was supplied with fresh troops in spite of the protests of the Deputies of Brazil ; ail this proves that after overthrowing the liberty of the pro vinces, stifling the cries of their just demands, denouncing as anti-constitutional the patriotism and honour of the citizens, these disorganizers seek only to establish, under the deceitful titles of union and fraternity, a complete military despotism, by which they hope to crush us. No just Government, no civilized nation can fail to com prehend that Brazil, deprived of an executive power, bereft of the necessary tribunals, and obliged to go through distance and dangers to s e ek f av o ur an d justice from Portugal her provinces drained of their revenues by Lisbon--her rank as a kingdom annihilated—and herself subjected to the bayonets sent by Portugal —it would only remain for her to be erased for ever from the list of nations and free states, and to be once more reduced to her old state of a colony and exclusive com merce. But it does not suit the Congress to publish in the face of the civili ze d wor ld t h e i r occu l t an d abaminable pro jects, and they endeavour to disguise them by the appoint ment of Commissio ners c h arge d to treat of the political and mercantile affairs of this kingdom. The opinions of these commissions spread over the world, and evince all the Ma chiavelism and hypocrisy of the Cortes of Lisbon, which can impose only on the ignorant, and give new arms to the secret enemies who exist between us. These false and wicked-politicians now tell us that the Con gress desires to be made acquainted with the wishes of Bruil, and that it always endeavours to be just in its deliberations ; if this be true, why have the Cortes of Lisbon hitherto rejected every thing that has been proposed by the few Deputies whom we' have sent them ? The Special Commission charged with the political aff'airs of this kingdom has already before it the representations of many of our provinces and magisterial councils, in which the abroga tion of the decree for the organization of provincial govern ments, and my continuance in this kingdom as Prince Regent, arc sought. But what did the Commission do ? Nothing was to be expect-d from it, and it was with difficulty that it pro posed that I should remain temporarily at Rio de Janeiro, without entering into the attributes which should belong to me as delegate of the Executive Power. The people call for a single centre of that power, in order to avoid the dismember ment of Brazil into isolated and rival parts. What did the Commission do ? It was Machiavelian enough to propose that two or more centres should be granted to Brazil, and that only till such time as those provinces which desired it should cor resp,:mddiretkly with Portugal. • " Repeatedly did our Deputies raise their voices in favour of Brazil; but they were drowned in the clamours of the hired rubble in the galleries of the Cortes. To all their outcries, it was always answered either that they were contrary to the ar ticles already decreed by the Constitution, or contrary to the internal regulations of the Cones, or that-it was impossible to repeal what was already decided ; or, finally, it .was contemp tuousiy urged that no Provincial Deputies could there be ac knowledged, that they were all the Deputies of the Nation, and that the majority could alone avail—a false and unheard of principle of public right, though extremely useful to the usurpers of it, in as far as they could make it a pretext, under cover of the majority of their European votes, for enslaving Brazil at their pleasure. The. letter addressed to me by the Government of S. Paulo was present at the Congress, and con sequently they were acquainted with the unanimous wish of the deputation which was sent to ine by the Government, the Magistracy, and the Clergy of. its capital. It was all without effect. P Junta of that Government was insulted, taxed with rebellion, and threatened with a criminal process. Finally, through the organ of a free press, the Brazilian writers made known to the world the injustice and errors of the Congress ; and as a reward for their loyalty and patriotism, they were upbraided with venality, and considered to be inspired 'only by the genius of evil, in the Machiavclian opinion of the commission. It is impossible that Brazil can throw a veil of eternal obli vion over such insults and atrocities ; and it is equally impos sible that she can ever again place confidence in the Cortes of Lisbon, trifled with as she is by them on every occasion, la cerated by a civil war commenced by that iniquitous people, and stilrmenaced with the horrible scenes of Hayti, which our furious enemies long to see revived. Is not the act of that Government, too, in prohibiting. foreign nations, with whom we trade - freely, froni supplying us with military and naval ammunition, a real commencement of hos tilities ? Should we suffer Portugal to offer to yield to-Prance a part of the province of Para on condition that that power would furnish her with troops and vessels sufficient to enable her more effectually to tie up our hands and shut us out from our just rights ? Can the brave Brazilians forget that similar proposals, and for thesame purpose, were made to England, accompanied by an offer to iferpetuate the treaty of commerce of 1810, and even with greater advantages ? To such an extent has the malice and bad policy of the Cortes proceeded ! Moreover ' the Congress of Lisbon, sparing no ende a vour to oppress and enslave us, has scattered abroad a cohort of secret emissaries, who employ all the resources of cunning and per fidy to mislead the politic spirit, to disturb good order, and to fo- Went disunion and anarchy in Brazil. Assured of the Just hatred which the people entertain towards-despotism, these perfidious emissaries do not cease to pervert the public opinion, to as perk the most pure and just actions of my Government, and even to dare to impute to me the desire of completely separat ing Brazil from Portugal, and of reviving the old -system of arbitrary power. In vain they endeavour to disunite the in habitants of this kingdom; our honoured European fellow_ countrymen will never prove ungrateful to the - country which has adopted them for sons, and from, which they have derived honour and riches. Not content with this series of perfidies and atrocities, the factious emissaries of the Cortes have dared to insinuate that a great part of these disastrous measures has emanated from the executive power. As if the cheracter of the King, of the Ile nefactor of Brazil, were ca aide of such Illachiavelian perfidy ; as if it were known to Brazil, to- ;he whole world, that the Senhor Don Joam VI., my august• father, is actually a state prisoner, completely incapable of action, and deprived of that free Will which should be poss esse d • y a true Monarch, en joying those attributes which any legitimate•constitution, how ever careful and suspicious it might be, would never deny him. It is known to all Europe and to th e whole world, that, of his Ministers - some are in the circumstances With himself, and others are the Mures and partizans of the predominant faction. . . _ . Doubtless the provocations and injustices of the COnmress with regard to Brazil are the offspring of parties divided among themselves, but united again s t u s. S ome see k t o f orce B raz il to separate herself from Portugal, in order that the constitutional system may be then more effectually stifled:Others desire it,-too, because they wish to unite themselves to Spain, • Thus every thing in Portugal. is turned to the prejudice of Brazil. Blinded with pride, or impelled by revenge and conceit,. the Cortes would decide with t wo st r o k es o f t h e p en a q uest i on of the greatest importance to the great Portuguese fathily, establish.. ing, without consulting the general, wish - of the Portuguese of both hemispheres, the seat of the monarchy in Portugal ; as if this smallest part of the Portuguese territory, and its stationary and timorous population, should be the political and commer cial centre of the whole nation. In effect, if, it is requisite for States naturally divided, but united under one sole chkf, that the vital principle of their movements and energy should exist in the most central and powerful part of the great social ma. chine, in order thit the impulse may communicate itself to the whole periphery with the greater readiness and vigour, certainly Brazil possesses the incontestable right of holding within her self the seat of executive power. 'leis vast and rich country, whose lengthened coasts stretch from two degrees on the other side of the Equator down to the river Plata, and are bathed by the Atlantic, stands as it were in the centre of the globe, on the borders of the great canal over which the trade of nations is con veyed, and which forms the link which connects the four quar ters of the globe. Brazil has Europe and the most considera ble part of America on her • left, .A filen •in front, on'her right the remainder of America and Asia, with the immense archi pelago of Australia, and the Pacific Ocean washing her sides, while the straits of agellan and Cape Horn lie within reach. Who does not know that it is almost impossible to impart new strength and vigour to people enfeebled. and exhausted ? Who does not know that the good days of Portugal are passed, and that it is only from Brazil that that little portion of the monarchy can hope for certr.nt support, and the power of re covering her former er.ergy ? But Brazil will certainly he un able to afford that support, should the Portuguese Government succeed in the mad project of enfeebling, disuniting, and de stroying her. In so long and systematic a series of folly and atrocity, what should be the conduct of Brazil? Must she suppose the Cortes of Lisbon to be ignorant of her rights and necessities ? Cer tainly not; for in that Cortes there are, even among the fac tious party, men who, though wicked, are not ignorant. Ought Brazil to suffer, and merely content herself with humbly soliciting the remedy of her misfortunes from merciless and egotical men ? Does she not see, that though the despots might be changed, the despotism would Continue ? Such conduct, besides being unwise and dishonourable, would plunge Brazil into an un fathomable gulf of misery : and Brazil being lost, the perdition of the monarchy is certain. Placed by Providence in the midst of this vast and blessed country as the heir arid lawful delegate of the King, my august father, my first duties are not only to labour for the welfare of the Brazilian people, but also of those of the whole nation which I shall one day be called to govern. In order to fulfil these sacred duties, I assented to the wishes of the provinces which entreated me not to abandon them ; and wishing to execute my resolutions to the utmost point, I consulted the public opinion of my subjects, and nominated and convoked Procurors-Gene ral of all the provinces, to advise me how to act for the common welfare of the state. Next, to alibrd a new proof of my sincerity and love, I accepted the title and duties of Perpetual Defender of this kingdom, confided to me by the people; and finally, seeing the urgency. of affairs, and hearing the universal voice of the people who wished to be secure, I convoked a constituent and legislative assembly, to labour for the permanent happiness of the country. Thus I conformed with the wishes of the PRICE SEVEN PENCE:: • . people, who consider my august father and King as deprived of his liberty, and subject to the caprice of that band of factions who rule the Cortes of Lisbon, from whom it , would be absurd to expect just measures suited to the situation of Brazil, or tending to the real welfare of the whole Portuguese nation. I should be ungrateful to the Brazilians—l should be false to my promises, and unworthy the name of Prince-Royal of : t he United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and -Algarve.s, if I had acted _otherwise. But I protest, before God, and in the facc.of all friendly and allied nations, that I by no means wish;to separate the bonds of unity and fraternity, which are calculated to render the Portuguese nation one single, political, and -well organised whole. I also protest, that, saving the due arid just union of all the parts of the monarchy under one single sovereign, as supreme chief of the executive power of the whole nation, I will defend the lawful rights and future Constitution of Brazil (which I hope will be good and prudent) with all my power, and even at the expense of my blood, if such should be necessary. I have explained, with sincerity and Conciseness to the governments and nations to whom I have addressed this manifesto, the causes of the final resolution of the people Of this kingdom. -If King Don Joam the Sixth, my august Father, were now in Brazil, enjoying his liberty and lawful autho rity, lie . "Wieild doubtless concur in the wishes -of this-- lOyal and genersne people ; and the immortal founder af•ljiis kingdom, wild., in February, 1821, convoked Brazilian Cortes at Rio de Janeiro, would not fail to convoke them..iri the same manner as 1 now do. But our King being a prisoner and ataptive, it behove me to rescue him from the degraded situa tion to which he is reduced by the factious of Lisbon—it is my duty, as his delegate and heir, to save not only Brazil but the whole Portuguese nation. My firm resolution, and that of the two nations which .I go vern, being lawfully promulgated, I hope that sen s ibl e an d im partial men, all over the world, and That the governments and nations friendly to Brazil, will render justice to such honest 'and noble sentiments. I invite them to continue to maintain relations of mutual interest and amity. I shall be ready to receive: Weir Ministers and Diplomatic Agents, and to send them mine, so long as the King, my august father, shall remain in captivity. The ports of Brazil shall continue open to all pacific and friend ly nations,lfur lawful trade not prohibited by the lavrs. Euro pean colonists who emigrate hither, may rely on being pro tected in this rich and hospitable country. Philosophers,,art ists, capitalists, and speculators, will also experience a friendly reception. And as Brazil will respect the rights of other legi timate governments, she hopes, as a just return, that her unali enable rights will be by them respected and acknowledged, and that she may not, in the opposite case, be placed under the painful necessity, of acting contrary to the dictates of her gene rous heart. PRINCE REGENT. Palace of Rio de Janeiro, Aug. 6, 1822. MANIFESTO OF THE PRINCE REGENT OF BEAZIL TO FRIENDLY GOVERNMENTS AND NATIONS. I, and the people who recognize me as their Prince Regent, wishing to preserve the political and commercial relations sub. sisting with the governments and nations in friendship with this kingdom, and to secure the continuance of that approba tion and esteem which is due to the Brazilian cliaracter,"it be hoves me to state succinctly, but truly, the series of facts and motives which have induced me to accede to the general will of thepeople of Brazil, who have proclaimed in the face of the Universe their political independence . ; and who desire, as forming a sister kingdom and a great and powerful nation, to maintain, unimpaired and in vigour, their impresdriptible 'rights, which Portugal has always sought to infringe, and which she now more than ever, since the celebrated political re. generation of the Monarchy ,by the Cortes of Lisbon, endea. yours to assail. Soon after the rich and vast regions of Brazil presented them- selves by accident to the eye of the adventuroUs Cabral, avarice ,and religious Proselytism, the great motives to modem discove- ries and colonization, took possession of them by means of con quest ; and laws of . blood, dictated by furious passions and sordid interests, confirmed the tyranny of Portugal. The un civilized native and the European colonist were compelled to drag out a like existence of misery and servitude. The moun tains were excavated, and gold extracted, but absurd laws and the Quinto, impeded labours which were but just commenced. While the Portuguese Government, with insatiable voracity, devoured the treasures which beneficent nature so liberally sup plied, it oppressed the unfortunate provinces whence the wealth was drawn by the most odious of all imposts—the capitation tax. It was wished to make the Brazilians pay for the air they breathed, and for liberty to tread the soil of their native land. If the induitry of some active man was directed to the giving a new form to certain native productions, in order that Brazil might clothe the nakedness of her own children, tyrannical laws soon prohibited and punished these praiseworthy ef forts. • The object of the Europeans has constantly been to re tain this fine country in the most rigid and abject dependence on the mother country, because they Judged it necessary to the security of their dominion that the perennial sources of our riches shoald be obstructed or impoverished. If an enterpriz ing colonist held out to his fellow-citizens the flattering prospect of the cultivation of some new branch of ruial t.economy by the introduction of useful and valuable exotics, burdensome im posts soon put an end to commencements made under the most ' favourable auspices. If men boldly attempted to turn the course of rivers in order to rescue from the waters the diamonds deposited in their beds, they were quickly stopped by the agents of monopoly and punished by inexor a bl e l aws . If the superfluity of her productions invited and demanded their barter for other foreign productions, Brazil was shut out from the ge..- neral market of nations, 'and consequently from all commercial competition ; thus no other course was left than to confine her trade to the ports of the mother country, and thereby to stimu late more powerfully the cupidity, and add to the undue pre ponderance of her tyrants. Finally, when the Brazilian, on whom bountiful nature had bestowed talents, 'wished, for the better knowledge of his rights and duties, to obtain instruction in science or in arts, or to improve the excellentqualities with which Providence has endowed his native land, he was obliged to go to Portugal to beg what little scraps of information were to he found there, and from that country helvas often not per mitted to return. Such has been the fate of Brazil for. about three centuries— such the wretched policy by which Portugal, always unjust in her views always greedy and ty rann i ca l, en d eavoured .to con firm her dominion and her factious splendour. The Colonists and the Indians, the conquerors and th e conquere d, t h e i r chil dren and their children's children, have all, without distinction, been made subject to one general anathema. And, forasmuch as the ambition of power and the thirst of gold are always in satiable and unbridled, Portugal never ceased to send hither merciless bashaws, corrupt magistrates, and swarms of fiscal agents of every description, who in the delirium of their pas sion and avarice, tore asunder all moral ties, both public and private ; thus did they lacerate the bowels of Brazil, which supported and enriched them, in order that its people, reduced to the last state of desperation, might, like submissive Mus sulmans, make pilgrimage to the new Mecca, to purchase, with rich gifts and offerings, an exist ence w hi c h was only support table in proportion as it was obscure and languid. If Brazil re sisted this torrent of evils—if she improved under such shame ful oppression, she was indebted for her success to her ani mated and vigorous sons, whom nature has formed gigantic. She owes it to that kind mother who has always given them renovating strength to overOnne the physical and moral ob stacles which her ungrateful parents and brothers have spite fully opposed to \ her growth and prosperity... Brazil being naturally good and generous, though still filled with anguish at the recollection of her past misfortunes, did not fail to receive the august person of Don Joam VI., and all the Royal Family, with the greatest joy. She did more—she opened her hospitable arms to the nobles and people who emigrated in consequence of the invasion of Portugal by the despot of Europe. She contentedly took on her shoulders all the weight of the throne of my august father—she preserved in splendour the diadem which incircled his forehead—the generously and profusely supplied the expences of a prodigal Court ; and what is still more, without any particular interest, but merely on account of the simple ties of fraternity. She also contributed to the expenses of the war which Portugal so gloriously maintained against her invaders. What has Brazil gained for all those sacrifices ? The continuation of old abuses and the addition of new ones, introduced partly by weakness, partly by immorality and crimes. Such a state of things loudly called for a prompt reform of the Government--a reform fully authorized by the increase of knowledge, the violated sights of a country which forms the greater and the richer portion of the Portuguese nation ; which nature has peculiarly favoured by its geographical and centrical position in the midst of the globe, by its vast ports and mari time stations, and by the natural riches of its soil. But senti ments of excessive loyalty, and an extreme love for Portu gal stifled the complaints of Brazil, made her suppress her anxious wish, and yield the glorious palm to her brethern of Europe. When the cry of the political regeneration arose in Portugal, the people of Brazil, confident in the inviolability of their rights, and incapable of suspecting different sentiments and less gene rosity in their brethren, they abandoned to those ungrateful brethren the defence of their most sacred interests, and the care of their complete reconstitution. In the most perfect good faith, they . slumbered tranquilly on the brink of a dreadful precipice. Tiff - sting entirely to the wisdom and justice of the Lisbon Con gress, Brazil expected to receive from it all that was by right her due. How far was she then from presuming that that very Congress would be capable of basely betraying her hopes and her interests—interests closely entwined with the general in terest of the nation Brazil now knows the error into which she had fallen ; and had not the Brazilians partaken of that generous enthusiasm which often confounds transient phosphorous sparks with the true lights of reason, they would have seen in the first mani festo which Portugal addressed to the Powers of Europe, that one of the concealed objects of the proclaimed regeneration con sisted in artfully re-establishing the old colonial system, with out which Portugal always believed, and still believes, that she cannot be rich and powerful. Brazil did not perceive that her Deputies, in passing to a foreign and remote country, would have to struggle against inveterate prejudices and ca prices, and, destitute of the support of friends and relatives, would inevitably sink into the state of nullity in which we have seen theni. But these several lessons of experience were necessary to make Brazil recognize the delusive nature'of her ill-founded hopes. But the Brazilians deserve to be excused; for it would have been extremely difficult for candid and generous minds to con ceive that the boasted regeneration of the monarchy was to commence by the re-establishment of the odious colonial sys tem. No less difficult, and indeed almost impossible, was it to reconcile this absurd and tyranniCal plan, with the philosophy and liberalism so loudly proclaimed by the Portuguese Cortes ! And still more incredible was it that there should be men suf- THE COLONIES. KINGSTON, (U. C.) Atm. 13.—The Hon. NV. D. Powell, Chief Justice of this Province, arrived here last evening from England. A seal, which weighed nearly 400 lbs. was killed in the St. Lawrence, opposite Montreal, on the 3d inst. MONTREAL, AUG. 14. —Died at Coteau du Lac, Lieut. Wm. Bailey, of the late 4th Royal Veteran Battalion. Auousi' 17.—Through the politeness of a Gentleman, who has just arrived in this City,. from a distant post in the North west territory, we have received intelligence that the expedition which was fitted out by direction of the Admiralty in the sum mer of 1810, under the orders of Lieut. Franklin, was on its re turn to Hudson's Bay. The expedition advanced as near to the Copper Mine River in the following year, 'as the approaching Winter would permit; and in the Spring of the last year, having embarked the canoes which they had carried over land with them, they descended than river until it discharges itself into the Frezm Ocean. The expedition then proceeded in the execution of its ulterior object, namely, to explore the coast of the polar sea from the mooth of the Copper Mine River, round to Hudson's Bay. This, how ever, it would appear from the information we have been able to collect, it could no further effect than by surveying a few hun dred miles of the coast to the northward and eastward, the win ter having set in towards the latter end of August with such severity as to oblige the party to return. Several deaths had occurred, among whom was Mr. NVr. Wood, nine Canadians and one Equimaux. It is stated that from the observations made in this expedi tion, the mouth of the Copper mine River differs by several degrees of latitude from that laid down by Hearn. When we read in a respectable print published in this City that out of 12,000 Chests of Tea consumed in the Canadas, 9,200 only are legally imported, a greater contempt for the Laws is exihibitett, than could be imagined to exist among us. , The new Steam-Boat Dalhousie will ply between Kingston and Ft. Wellington thrice a week, to commence the 24th inst. AUG. 24.—We hope this is the commencement of new mea sures with respect to. this portion of our Country, which will place it in a better -condition, with regard to civil as well as criminal matters, than it has hitherto experienced.—(Gazette.) QUEBEC, Au G. 15.—The Steam-Boat New Swiftsure came up from Kamouraska early this morning. She sailed yester day between two and three o'clock, and has made the trip (a dis tance of 180,miles) in somewhat less than 27 hours, including delays. 'We remark in a Halifax Paper that it is proposed to run a steam-boat between that port and this one.—At a time when several of these boats are laid up, and great capital expos ed to depreciation, an undertaking of this description cannot but be desired by their Proprietors, and there is no reason to suppose - that the navigation is less practicable than that of the whole American Coast from New York to the Gulf of Mexico and to the Havannah. AUG. I9.—The Union Bill, as printed by order of the House of Commons, which, after the amendment of a General Com mittee, contains several clauses for the regulation of the trade of Canada, was received in town on Saturday last. in its poli tical bearings it differs very little from the abstract published some time ago. The provisions for our trade which it contains will be found below. The Colonial Trade Bill and the West India and American Trade Bill have also been received. The Catholic population of Lower Canada in 1820,' was 333,000, that of the City of Quebec 14,000, and that of Mon treal 12,000 ; as the ratio of increase for several years past has been found to be one-twentieth per annum, it may therefore at present be cernsidered as amounting to near 360,000.—The Protestant Population will not exceed 40,000 so that the whole population of Lower Canada may be fairly stated at 400,909 souls. _ His 7 Excell2ncy the Governor-in-Chief left this city on Friday last in the Swiftsure.—H. M. S. Athol fired a salute when the Swif tsure passed her. DlED.—After a prolonged illness on Friday the 16th inst., Louis Gauvreau, Esq. Member of the Provincial Parliament for the County of Quebec.—On the 12th inst. at llatley Par sonagv, after a few hours sickness, of the spotted fever, :Mary Jane, daughter of the Reverend Thomas Johnson, aged two years and eighteen days. PROVINCIAL SECRETARY'S OFFICE S Quebec, 2.3 d Aug. 1822. His Excellency the Governor in Chief has been pleased to make the following appointments, viz:— , . William Macrae, Esquire, Collector .of His Majesty's Cus toms at the Port of Saint John, in the room of William Lind say, deceased. • William Dobie Lindsay, Esq., Comptroller of His Majesty's Customs at the Port of Saint John, in the room of 11:iIfidin Macrae, Esq., appointed Collector of said Port. Bartholomew Conrad Augustus Gugy, Esq., Advocate, At torney, Solicitor,, Proctor, and Counsel, in all his Majesty's Courts of Justice in this l'rovince. Pierre Cress 6, Esq. do. doa do. do. do. do.. • Francois Romain, Esq. do. do. do. do. do. do. . .-.• Andre Chavigny Delachevrotiere, Gentleman, a Notary Pub lic for the Province of Lower Canada. • . Michael Naughton, Culler and Measurer of Deals,iloardi,,_ Plank, Oars an Square Timber of every description, at s.lle Port of Quebec. • QUEBEC, AUG. 26.—His _Majesty's ship Athol sailed for Halifax on Saturday...-Lieut.-Col. Cockburn, Deputy Quarter Master General, goes down as far as Gasp, were it is unkr stand he is to provide antngemcuts for stationing a detachment of troops.—This has become necessary for the administration of justice which has in some instances been opposed, and it is said, prisoners released. The duties exacted under the authority of the late Coloni a l Trade Act, are now levied at this p This has, produced some altercation on the:part of the in, iehants who irsisted that the duties are not payable until the Act shall have been pub• lished in this Country ofFv.lally, and consequence it se m* that duties have been pail ut •eretest.' i.t;t; 1.:41 . i ; •