The Sun. — London, England, 1822-04-25 00:00:00

THE LONDON JOURNALS. EXTRACTS FROM THE DAILY MORNING PAPERS, April 25, 1822. [MORNING HERALD.] The accounts from Italy deserve some notice. It is pretty evident that the proceedings of the Neapolitan Government disgusted even the Aus trian General, who went the length of threaten ing to withdraw the Army of Occupation, and leave the wretched Ministry of King Ferdinand of Naples to its fate. The history of the occur rences that disgusted General Frimont, and of his remonstrance to the King of th. Two Sicilies, is given. The great object of the public hatred was the Prince Canosa, Minister of Police. This man, on the first day of his being in office, or dered a Carbonaro to be scourged to death—and, by his subaltern agents, procured a rabble crowd to dance and howl in horrid exultation round the victim during the sacrifice. The Austrian Ge neral testified his disgust at this atrocious and arbitrary punishment, which the laws did not recognise, and declared that no Austrian sol dier should protect the police in such acts.- -The Government, however, went on ; arbi ttary arrests and punishments—but, above all, armed bands of ruffians, agents of the police, who scourged the capital and the kingdom, arresting and robbing, spread the utmost alarm. The Austrian posts disarmed some of these bands, but they were sent forth again by the Neapolitan police. General Frimont, upon this, remonstrated directly with the King, whose Ministers merely tried to obtain some time, and secretly accused the Austrian General of being the leader of the Carbonari. The General see ing things go on to the utmost pitch, declared that he should instantly leave Naples with the array, if the two most odious of the Ministers, Canosa, above-mentioned, and Guarini, were not dismissed. This was complied with. These two, however, were still the advisers of the Court. The Austrian General insisted upon their being exiled, and that all prisoners but those who had an actual share in the insur rection should be liberated. This became the subject of a diplomatic correspondence with Vienna, which ended in the Emperor of Austria's declaring that he was the con stituted mediator between the King and people of Naples—that he must protect the latter against the former, as he had done the former against the latter—and that, as one of the most powerful Monarchs of Europe, he was interested in interfering to prevent Mo narchy from being rendered odious by the go vernment of the King of Naples. We cannot venture to judge whether this statement be cor rect. It may, however, possibly, and even pro bably, be true. The Austrians have no interest in protecting the vindictive oppressions of the Ministers of the King of the Two Sicilies. Some of the foreign accounts go the length ot saying that the Austrians are about to evacuate Naples. 1S s e notice this merely to state the manner in which King Ferdinand, in their absence, is to be protected against the Carbonari. His Sicilian Majesty has, it is stated, obtained permission from his I3ritaunic Majesty to beat up for re cruits in Ireland, and raise 10,000 men, who, - with a regiment of Albanians, are to occupy the places of strength to be evacuated by the Aus trians !! [Tun TIMES.] Paris Papers of Monday were received last night by express. The Journal des Debuts con tains a letter from Madrid, dated the 11th inst., in which there is a passage of a very singular complexion. I t intimates that the Spanish Ambas sador had quitted Paris, and that the French Ambassador; having received his letlres de conge, was also on the point of quitting the Court of Madrid ; but the whole of the text, together with a note by the Editor, is very obscurely ex pressed. It will readily be conceived that the Court of the Tuilleries is not very well affected towards the Liberal party of Spain. But it is not likely, we should hope, that ill-will should break forth into hostile action. [NEW TIMES.] Ti►e proceedings of the House of Commons last night are not likely to be read with much interest—for the principal subject of discussion was the imprisonment of Henry Hunt. Sir F. Burdett moved that an Address be presented to the King, praying that he would be pleased to remit the punishment which that offender has still to undergo according to the sentence of the law. There was nothing new or particularly worthy of notice in the speech of the Honourable Baronet. Mr. Dawson gave good reasons for some of the privations to which the suffering pa triot had been subjected, and Mr. Peel replied satisfactorily to the observations of Sir F. Bur dett. It is scarcely necessary to add, that the motion was negatived by a great majority. In the early part of the evening Mr. Ituskisson again alluded to the Brewers and the Price of Porter, and repeated his promise that he would bring in some measure to ensure to the public a fair participation in the advantages arising from the reduction of the Malt Tax. [MORNING POST.] In the early part of the evening Mr. Huskisson presented a Petition from Reading, relative to the high price of Beer in that town, in conse quebee` of the monopoly which the Brewers en joy ; in doing which, lie alluded in very pointed terms to the grievances 'thus inflicted on the public in the Metropolis. He forcibly observed that if something were not speedily done by those concerned, measures would be taken, at no remote 'time, to - ensure a reduction in the price of that article, not only equal to the Malt Tax recently remitted, but also to the al tered cost of its manufacture. It is worth re marking, that this Petition stated the licensing of public-houses in Reading tq be vested in the Corporation ; that the Corporation consisted 'of the Magistrates of the town ; that the Magis trates were themselves the brewets ; and there fore that it was impossible, under the present system, to have a single free house. Mr. Buxton, as connected with one of the brewing .establish mentg of the metropolis, notified, in reply,,that in a very 'short time the' price of beer would be reduced. The Hon. Gentleman also expressed himself strongly in favour both of a revision of the existing mode of granting licenses, and of a free trade, so far as concerned the brewers. This intelligence will, we are sure, be gratifying to the public. [BRITISH PRESS.] The Marquis of Londonderry was prevented, we believe by indisposition, from attending in the House of Commons last night. The Noble Lord's absence induced Sir Robert Shaw to postpone to next Wednesday his motion for a repeal of the Irish Window fax. Mr. Calcraft hinted at the wisdom of repealing in Coto the assessed taxes un posed upon Ireland, and offered reasons so valid in support of his opinion, that we cannot doubt of their making a strong impression in favour of it. Mr. Huskisson again referred to the continued high price of malt liquor in the capital, and expressed his intention of proposing a measure to Parliament for the purpose of ensuring to the public the en joyment of the boon which had been granted by the reduction of the malt duty. The unwilling ness of the great brewers to make a proportionate reduction in the price of beer, makes us the more regret that the amount of taxation proposed to be reduced was not takea from salt instead of malt.—The case of Henry Hunt's imprisonment was made the subject of a long discussion. Sir Francis Burdett moved an Address to the Crown, praying for a remission of what yet remains of his imprisonment. The motion was energetically opposed by the Ministers, and was pressed to a division. The numbers were—for the motion 84; against it 223—majority 139. ['MORNING CHRONICLE.] The disgraceful business of Ilchester Gaol, after several delays, was at length brought be fore the House last night, by Sir Francis Burdett, in a manly and feeling speech. It was generally expected, we believe, that Ministers, ashamed of the disproportionate severity of Mr. Hunt's sen tence—ashamed of the mean and pettifogging arts (for they deserve no other name) which have been resorted to, in order to effect the ruin of that individual—would endeavour to hush the matter up by a measure which might render a further Parliamentary exposition unnecessary.— They have been more anxious,' however, to indulge their vindictive feelings than to re lieve themselves from well merited odium ; and to display, in their inroads into Mr. Hunt's private relations, a paltry hypocrisy of which we really thought them incapable. A Petition from this Gaol was formerly contemplated ; but the persons concerned in the Petition were afraid to persist in their complaints, however just, and it was stated by the prisoners on this examina tion, that they were also afraid to make their complaints known to the Visiting Magistrates.— It required all the firmness and peculiar shrewd ness of Mr. Hunt (and every one who has read the evidence will allow that his exertions on this occasion have really been astonishing), to such ceed in effecting an exposure of the atrocities which can take place in an English gaol, under the very eye of Magistrates. It may truly be said of him, in the language of Sir Francis Bur dett, that " in instituting, under such circum stances, an inquiry which did him so much credit, and the country so much benefit — an inquiry conducted with an ability and fortitude which was equalled by few, and not ex ceeded by any, he was entitled to the praise and gratitude of all the people of England. Indeed, the people had occasion to rejoice in his suffer ings, inasmuch as they have been productive of such results ; for he had not only put an end to the disgraceful cruelty which was practised in llchester Gaol, but he had also done that which would operate as a check upon every other Gaoler in the country." We sincerely wish it may ope rate as such a check ; but, while there are so many Clerical Magistrates taking the lead in all matters of this kind, in hopes of rising in their profession by subserviency to power, we almost fear that, though more cunning may be display ed, the amount of oppression will not be greatly diminished. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET FIRST SPRING MEETING, 182;1. WEDNESDAY, APRIL 24. Handicap Sweepstakes of 100 gs each, h. ft. for three-yr-olds T. Y. C. Sir J. Byng's Civet, Bst. 31b. D. of Grafton's Zeal, Bst. 121 b. Two pcl.---2, to 1 agst Civet. 0 Fifty Pounds, by subscription, for three-yr-olds, ist. 51b. four, Bst. 11It. and fire, 9st. 41t. B.C. Ld Stradbroke's br. c. Incantator, 3 yrs - - 1 Mr. Lambton's b. c. Richard, 3 yrs - - - 2 Mr. Batson's b. f. Freak, 3 yrs: - - - 3 Mr. Walker's b. c. Capulet, 3yrs - - - 4 In cantator. 'Mr. to 4 on 'Mr. Fox's North Wester rec. 200 gs ft. from Ld Exeter's Augusta, Bst. 4lt. each, D.M. 300 gs. ANNUAL CATTLE SIIEW OF TIIE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.-011 Monday morning the spa cious yard and premises of Mr. ALDRIDGE, in Little St. Martin's-lane, were opened for the ex hibition of the farmitTg live stock of nearly all the descriptions, which had been sent up from the various counties, as competitors for the premiums offered by the Society of Subscribers, who conti nue the name, and pursue, out of their own funds, the objects which the late Government Board of Agriculture had under its charge. A consider able number of very fine animals, some fat and others in store or breeding condition, were ex hibited, and were much admired by a considerable assemblage of the noble and distinguished patrons of improved live stock, and by breeders and graziers from most of the counties within two hundred miles of the metropolis.—The dinner took place in the afternoon at the Freemasons' Tavern, the Earl of MACCLESFIELD in the chair. It was not very numerously attended. The emigration from Ireland ,to this country is as great, if not greater now than ever. Through- out the winter, the number of persons that have arrived at Ayr port alone is incalculable. Up wards of one hundred and fifty were landed there in the course of foUr days in the beginning of the month.—(Edinburgh Courant, April 22.) rOjtTIIE, SUN. Mn. EDITOR—In your insertion of the articies from the different Opposition Papers, I conclude that you mean to give credit to your readers for their due appreciation of all the nonsensical calum nies and misrepresentations they contain ; of which I think the article in your paper of last Saturday, from the Morning Chronicle, exhibits one not the least remarkable. After some not in judicious observations on the " speculations" in the " Letter from Frankfort," published in the " Allgenzeine Zeitung," the Morning Chronicle goes on to speak of " Lords LIVERPOOL and IIARROWBY, and Mr. VANSITTART," as being " Christians of the very first water, even leading Members of those Bible Societies which are now communicating the blessings of the Gospel to the remotest parts of the earth ;" and says, " yet we know that so far from wishing well to aoy war against the Turks, these Evangelical Ministers have not only been labouring hard to promote the extermination of the Christian Greeks, but also to encourage a belief in this country, that (as the Turks are so much more merciful and humane than the Greeks, and as living under the same government, the difference must mainly be ascribable to religion) Mahometanism is much more likely to exalt the character than Christi anity." To this, the faithful Chronicle adds some equally candid and just reflections on the character of the LORD CHANCELLOR, as being indifferent to all religion, except what happens to be 44 the established religion of the place." So that, according to this writer, because our Ministers do not chuse to fly in the face of all existing treaties, all the custom ary regards which Governments in a time of peace pay to each other, we are to believe that they in their hearts wish the cause of Mahom etanism to prevail over Christianity, as prefer ring the former on all accounts to the latter at the same time that they are zealous promoters of the objects of" the Bible Society." Surely such inconsistency is' too self-evident to require being remarked upon, and such venom must contain its own antidote. We cannot wonder that the pub lisher of it should make no allowance for political considerations, the attention to which must neces sarily produce some variance between the public conduct and the private wishes of the most upright and best meaning men, and must oblige them to leave to the direction of an over-ruling Providence what human prudence and human obligation will not allow their active interference in. In the hope that these reflections, which appear to me to be the result of judgment and common sense, will have their weight with the rest of your Readers, as well as the majority of our countrymen, I remain, Sir, Your humble Servant, April 22, 1822. CANDIDUS. ment possessing_ands exercising the_pnxerotmaking war, the United States, in common with all nations, have the right of concerting the terms of mutual peace and intercourse. Who is the rightful Sovereign of a country is not an inquiry permitted to foreign nations, to whom it is competent only to treat with " the powers that be." There is no difference in opinion, on this point, among the writers on public law • ,and no diversity, with respe ct to it,: if the practice of civilized nations. It is not necessary here to cite authority for a doctrine familiar to all who have paid the slightest attention to the subject ; nor to go back, for its prac tical illustration, to the civil wars between the houses of York and Lancaster. Long since the chiefs of those conflicting houses alternately triumphed and ruled, and were alternately obeyed at home and recognised abroad, according as they successively exercised the power, without demonstrating the right--monar chies have become commonwealths or republics, and powerful usurpers have been recognised by foreign nations, in preference to legitimate and powerless pretenders. Modern history is re plete with instances in point. Have we not, indeed, within the brief period of our own remembrance, beheld Governments vary their forms, and change their rulers, according to the prevailing power or passion of the moment, and doing so in virtue of the principle now in question, without materially and lastingly af fecting their relations with other Governments ? Have we not seen the Emperors and Kings of yesterday receive on the Thrones of exiled Sovereigns, who claimed the right to reign there, the friendly embassies of other Powers, with whom those exiled Sovereigns had sought an asylum—and have we not seen to-day those Emperors and Kings, thus courted and recognised yesterday, reft of their sceptres, and, from a mere change of circumstances, not of right, treated as usurpers by their-succes sors, who, in their turn, have been acknowledged and caressed by the same foreign Powers ? The peace of the world, and the independence of every mem ber of the great political family, require that each should be the exclusive judge of its own internal proceedings, and that the fact alone should be regarded by foreign nations. Even when civil war breaks the bonds of society and of Government, or, at least, suspends their force and effect, it gives birth in the na tion to two independent parties, who regard each other as ene mies, and acknowledge no common judge." It is of necessity, therefore, that these two parties should be considered by foreign states as two distinct and independent nations. To consider or treat them otherwise, would be to interfere in their domestic concerns, to deny them the right to manage their own affairs in their own way, and to violate the, essential attributes of their respective sovereignty. For a nation to be entitled, in respect to foreign states, to the enjoyment of these attributes, " and to figure directly in the great political society, is sufficient that it is really sovereign and independent : that is, that it governs itself by its own authority and laws." The people of Spanish America do, notoriously, so govern themselves, and the right of the United States to recognise the Governments which they have instituted, is incontestible. A doubt of the expediency of such a recognition can be suggested only by the apprehension that it may injuriously affect our . peaceful and friendly relations with the nations of the other hemisphere. tan such an apprehension be well founded ? Have not all those nations practically sanctioned, within the last thirty years, the very principle on which we now propose to act ; or have they ever complained of one another, or of us, for acting on that principle ? No nation of Europe, excepting Spain herself, has hitherto opposed force to the Independence of Spanish America. Some of those nations have not only constantly maintained commer cial and friendly intercourse with them, in every stage of the revolution, but indirectly and efficiently, though not avowedly, aided them in the prosecution of their great object. To these the acknowledgment, by the United States, of the attainment of that object, must be satisfactory. To the other nations of Europe, who have regarded the events occurring in Spanish America, not only without inter ference, but with apparent indifference, such an acknowledg ment ought not to be offensive. The nations who have thus respectively favoured, or never opposed, the Spanish American people, during their active struggle for Independence, cannot, it is believed, regard with dissatisfaction the formal recognition of that Independence by a nation, which, while that struggle lasted, has religiously ob served, towards both the conflicting parties, all the duties of neutrality. Your Committee are, therefore, of opinion, that we have a right on this occasion confidently to expect, from what these nations have done or forborne to do, during the . various fortunes of the civil war which has terminated, that - -- -• • • -- • - AMERICA. will frankly approve the course of policy which the United States may now think proper to adopt in relation to the success -am.— REPORT ON THE RECOGNITION OF THE LATE fill party in that war. It surely cannot be reasonably appre hended, that nations who have thus been - the tranquil specta tors, the apparent well-wishers, if not the efficient supporters, ( From the National Intelligencer.) of this party, and who have not made the faintest attempt to arrest its progress, or to preventits success, should be displeased HOU,SE OF REPRESENTATIVES, MARCH 19. with a third power, for merely recognising the Governments The Committee on Foreign Affairs, to which was referred the which, owing to that success, have thus been virtually permit ted, or impliedly approved, in acquiring the undisputed and Message of the President, concerning the recognition of the late exclusive controul of the countries in which they_ are establish- Spanish Provinces in America, and the documents therewith ed. I t is, therefore, on the consistenc y , as well as on the jus communicated, have examined the same with the most pro- tics, of these nations of Europe, that we may confidently rely, that the simple recognition, on the part of the United States, found attention, unanimously report : of the necessary effect of what has already been done, will not That the Provinces of Buenos Ayres, after having, from the be considered as a just cause of complaint against them ; while the interested and immediate agents, who have been directly year 11110, proceeded in their revolutionary movements without and actively engaged in producing that effect, have neither been any obstacle from the Government of Spain, formally declared opposed nor censured. their independence of that Government in 18 16 . After various Your Committee therefore instead, of serious) apprehendin that the recognition, by the United States, of the y Independenceg intestine commotions, and external collisions, those provinces of Spanish America, will be unacceptable to these nations, are now enjoy domestic tranquillity, and good understanding with not without hope that they may practically approve it, by seve rally adopting a similar measure. It is not indeed unreason all their neighbours ; and actually exercise, without opposition able to suppose, that those Governments have, like this, waited from within, or the fear of annoyance from without, all the at- only for the evidence of facts which might not only suffice to justify them, under the laws and usages of nations, but to sa tributes of sovereignty. tisfy Spain herself, that nothing has been prematurely done, The provinces of Venezuela and New Granada, after having or which could justly offend her feelings, or be considered as separately declared their independence, sustained, for a period inconsistent with her rights. As their motives for not having of more than ten years, desolating war against the armies of hitherto recognised the Independence of Spanish America may Spain, and having severally attained, by their triumph over thus be supposed to have been analogous to our own, it is per those armies, the objects for which they contended, united mitted to presume tha t the facts and reasons which have pre themselves, on the 19th of December, 1819, in one nation, un- vailed on us no longer to hesitate, will, confirmed as they are der the title of " the Republic of Columbia." by our example, have a like influence on them. The Republic of Columbia has now a well organized Govern- No nation can entertain a more sincere deference for the feel meat, instituted by the free will of its citizens, and exercises all ings of Spain, or take a more lively interest in her welfar e , the functions of sovereignty, fearless alike of internal and fo- than the United States. It is to this deference, too evident to reign enemies. The small remnant of the numerous armies be doubted or misunderstood, that ought to be ascribed the commissioned to preserve the supremacy of the present state is hesitation of this Government, until now, to yield to the claims now blockaded in two fortresses, where it is innoxious, and of Spanish America, although these claims were in perfect ac where, deprived as it is of hope of succour, it must soon sur- cordance with their own principles, feelings, and interests.— render at discretion; when this event shall have occurred, Having thus forborne to act, even at the hazard of having those there will not remain a vestige of foreign power in all that im- principles and feelings misunderstood on this side of the Atlan mense republic, containing between three and four millions of tic, we have, as your Committee believe, given at once satisfac inhabitants. tory proof of our disinterestedness and moderation ; and of our The province of Chili, since it declared its independence, in scrupulous respect to the principle which leaves the political the year 1818, has been in the constant and unmolested enjoy- institutions of every foreign State to be directed by its own ment of the sovereignty which it then assumed. view of its own rights and interests. The province of Peru, situated like Chili, beyond the Andes, Your Committee have been particularly anxious to shosv, in and bordering on the Pacific Ocean, was, for a long time, de- a manner satisfactory to Spain herself, that the measure which terred from making any effectual effort for independence, by this Government now proposes to adopt has been considered the presence of an imposing military force, which Spain had with the most respectful attention, both in relation to her rights kept up in that country. It was not, therefore, until the 19th and to her feelings. of June, of the last year, that its capital, the city of Lima, ca- It is not on the laws and usages of nations, or on the practice pitulated to an army, chiefly composed of troops from Buenos of Spain herself on like occasions, that your Committee have Ayres and Chili, under the command of General San Martin. relied for our justification towards her. The greatest part of the Royal troops, which escaped on that The fact that, for the last three years, she has not sent a occasion, retreated to the mountains, but soon left them to re- single company of troops against her Trans-Atlantic Colonies, turn to the coast, there to join the Royal garrison in the for- has not been used as evidence of their actual Independence, or tress of Callao. The surrender of that fortress soon after to of her wart of power to oppose it. This fact, explained'as it is the Americans may be regarded as the termination of the war by the public acts of 'Spain herself, is regarded by your Corn in that quarter. mittee as evidence only of her policy. When the people of Peru found themselves by this event free The last troops collected at cadiz, in 1819, which were des to express their will, they most unequivocally expressed it in tined to suppress the revolutionary movements in Spanish favour of independence, and with an unanimity and enthusiasm America, not only rejected that service, but joined in the revo which have no where been excelled. lution, which has since proved successful in Spain itself. The The revolution in Mexico has been somewhat different in its declaration of the leaders in that revolution was, that " Spanish character and progress from the revolutions in the other Spa- America had a right to be free, and that pain should be nish American provinces, and its result, in respect to the orga- free." Although the Constitution, which was re-established nization of its internal government, has also been precisely by that revolution,_ guaranteed the integrity of the Spanish the same. Independence, however, has been as emphatically dominions , yet the principles on which the Constitution declared, and as practically established, since the 4th of Au- was founded seem to discountenance the employment of guSt last, by the Mexican Empire," as ev e r it has been by force for the accomplishment of that object, in contempt the Republics of the South ; and her geographical situation, of the equal rights and declared will of the American her population, and her resources, eminently qualify her to portion of the Spanish people. ' The conduct of the Govern maintain the independence which she has thus 'declared, and ment, organized under that Constitution, has uniformly been, now actually enjoys. in this respect, in conformity to those principles. Since its ex- Such are the facts which have occupied the attention of your istence there has not been even a proposal by that Government, Committee, and which, in their opinion, irresistibly p rove th a t to employ force for the subjugation of the American provinces, the nations of Mexico, Colombia, Buenos Ayres, Peru, and but merely recommendations of conciliatory measures for their Chili, in Spanish America, are, in fact, independent. pacification. It now remains for your Committee to examine the right and The answer of the Cortes, on the 10th of July, 1820, to the expediency, on the part of the United States, of recogniz- the address of the King, furnishes conclusive proof of this ing the independence which those nations have thus effectually policy. achieved. " The intimate union," says this answer, "of the Cortes, In this examination, it cannot be necessary to inquire into with your Nlajesty ; the re-establishment of the Constitution ; the right of the people of Spanish America, "to dissolve the the faithful performance of promises, depriving malevolence of political bonds which have connected them with another, and all pretext, will facilitate the pacification of the ultra marine to assume, among the Powers of the earth, that separate and provinces, which are in a state of agitation and dissension.— equal station to which the laws of nature, and of nature's Gon, The Cortes, on its part, will omit no opportunity to propose entitle them." The right to change the political institutions of and adopt measures necessary for the observance of the Consti the State has, indeed, been exercised equally by Spain, and by tution and restoration of tranquillity in those countries, to the her colonies ; and for us to deny tq the people of Spanish Ame- end that the Spain of both worlds may thus form a single and rica the right to independence, on the principles which alone happy family." sanction it here, would be virtually to renounce our own. Although the ultra marine provinces are not here encouraged The political right of this nation to acknowledge their inde- to expect absolute Independence, yet they are no longer treated pendence, without offending others, does not depend on its as vassal colonies, or threatened with subjugation, but are ac justice, but on its actual establishmett. To justify such a re- tually recognized as brothers in the great constitutional and free cognition, by us, it is necessary only to shew, as is already suf- family of Spain. ficiently shewn, that the people of Spanish America are, within. A Report made to the Cortes, on the 24th of June, 1821, by their respective limits, exclusively sovereign ; and thus, in a Committee appointee by that body, not only manifestly cor fact, independent. With them, as with every other. Govern- roborates the policy above stated, but sufficiently intimates Printed and Office, that the recognition of the Intlependebce ,, of Spanish' Ame. rica by Spain herself, had nearly been the measure recom mended by that Committee. The Report avers, that " trannuillity is not sufficient, even if it should extend throughout America, with a prospect of permanency : No, it falls short of the wishesi of the friends of humanity." In speaking of the measure demanded by the crisis, it-says, that this measure was not only warmly approved by the Com mittee, but at first entirely assented t 6 by the Ministers, with whom it had been discussed, and failed only to be proposed to the Cortes " by these Ministers having, on account of peculiar occurrences, suspended their judgment." It speaks of this measure as indicative of a new and glorious resolution ; that it was demanded by America and the true interests of the Penin sula ; that from it Spain might reap advantages which other wise she could never expect; and that the ties of kindred and the uniformity of religion, with commercial relations, and those emanating from free institutions, would be the surest pledge of mutual harmony and close union. Your Committee do not feel themselves authorised to say, positively, what that measure was, but they do not hesitate to declare their entire conviction that no measure, short of a full recognition of unconditional Independence, could have deserv ed the character, nor been capable of producing the effects as cribed to it. It is, therefore, sufficiently manifest that Spain, far from wishing to call into action her means of prosecuting hostilities against the people of Spanisll America, has renounced even the feelings of an, enemy towards them, and, but for " peculiar oc currences," had been prepared, nearly a year ago, to consent to their Independence. She has not only practically ,discontinued, and even emphati cally deprecated, the employment of force to restore tranquil lity to Spanish America, but she has declared that even univer sal and permanent tranquillity there, " falls short of the wishes of the friends of humanity." While she appeals to " the ties of kindred," she undoubted ly feels them ; and if she has not abandoned her desire, So often avowed, of mere constitutional union, and equal com mercial intercourse, with her former colonies, as between provinces of the same empire, a union and an intercourse which intervening Andes and oceans seem to render highly inconvenient, if not utterly impracticable, she evidently refer& the accomplishment of this desire to the unawed deliberations, and to the congenial and kindred feelings, of the people of those colonies, and thus substantially acknowledges their In dependence. Whatever may be the policy of Spain, however, in respect to her former American Colonies, our recognition of their Inde pendence can neither affect her rights, nor impair her means, in the accomplishment of that policy. We cannot, for this, be justly accused of aiding in the attainment of an Independence which has already been established without our assistance. Besides, our recognition must necessarily be co-existent only with the fact on which it is founded, and cannot survive it. While the nations of Spanish America are actually inde pendent, it is simply, to speak the truth, to acknowledge them to be so. Should Spain, contrary to her avowed principles and acknow ledged interests, renew the war for conquest of South America, we shall, indeed, regret it, but we shall observe, as we have done, between the independent parties, an honest and impartial neutrality ; but, on the other hand, should Spain, faithful to her own glory and prosperity, consent that her offspring in the new world should enjoy the right of self government, equally with their brethren in the old, we shall sincerely rejoice ; and we shall cherish, with equal patisfaction, and cultivate with equal assiduity, the friendship of regenerated Spain and of emanci pated America. . . . Your Committee, in justice to their own feeiings and to the feelings of their fellow-citizens, have made this declaration without disguise, and they trust that the uniform character and conduct of this people will ave it from all liability to misin terpretation. Happy in our own institutions, we claim no privilege • we indulge no ambition to extend them to oth er n a ti ons; we admit the equal rights of all nations to form their own Governments, and to administer their own internal affairs as they may judge proper; and however they may in these respects differ from us, we do not on that account regard with the less satisfaction their tranquillity and happiness. Your Committee having thus considered the subject referred to them in all its aspects, are unanimously of opinion, that it is just and expedient to acknowledge the independence of the several nations of Spanish America, without any reference to the diversity in the forms of their Governments ; and hi accord ance with this opinion, they respectfully submit the following Resolutions : Resolved—That the House of Representatives concur in the opinion expressed by the President, in his Message of the Bth March, 1822, that the American provinces of Spain, which have declared their Independence, and are in the enjoyment of it, ought to be recognised by the United States as independent nations. Resolved—That the Committee of Ways and Means he in structed to report a Bill appropriating a sum, not exceeding 100,000 dollars, to enable the President of the United States to give due effect to such recognition. LAW INTELLIGENCE; COURT OF CHANCERY, APRIL 24. At half-past 12, his Lordship, accompanied by their Honours the Vice-Chancellor and the Master of the Rolls, took his seat upon the Bench, and was engaged until 2 o'clock, in disposing of several cases, when he retired ; they were not of sufficient interest, however, to merit insertion. COURT OF KING'S BENCH, APRIL 24. Easter Term commenced to-day.—After the usual Reports respecting the state of the Convict Ships, which were favour able, had been read, a Report from Mr. JONES, the Marshal of the King's Bench Prison, was handed in by the Lord Chief Justice, and read by an officer on the Crown side, in which the Marshal represented that he had conformed' to a former order of the Court, requiring his per manent residence in the King's Bench Prison. THE KING V. JOAN AMBROSE WILLIAMS. This, it will be recollected, was an application for a criminal information against the defendant, as printer of The Durham's Ckroniele, for publishing a libel of and concerning the Clergy of the Dioceie of Durham in particular, and the Clergy of the 61turch of England in general, respecting their conduct on the death of the late Queen. Mr. Buoy GuAm and Mr. CARTER were heard last term against the rule, and Mr. SCARLETT was rAw heard in support of it. The COURT had no doubt, that though there was no particp lar person libelled, and no named prosecutor in the affidavits, that an information would lie for a libel against a general body of persons ; and, acting .upon some old cases cited, they made the rule absolute. THE KING V. HOLDER. Mr. Serjeant CROSS moved for a rule to allow the defen dant, who is in custody at Lancaster ? on a charge of Man slaughter, to give bail before' the Magistrates. The Learned Serjeant made the motion on the ground of the Prisoner's ina bility to pay the expence of suing out a writ of Habeas Corpus. The defendant had assisted in turning a man out of a public house at Manchester who had misconducted himself. A mob consequently collected in the street, and the person turned out of the house got away,. but the defendant being provoked by one of the mob, struck him a blow which occasioned his death. Judge BAYLEY asked what the provocation was ? ,Serjeant CROSS—The Prisoner, standing on the steps of A door, received a violen( kick. Judge BEsT—A kick in the Lancashire way ? Serjeant CROSS—Yes. The Court granted the rule. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, APRIL 24. This being the first day of Term, the Judges, after break fasting. with the Chancellor, came down to Westminster, in procession. The Cpurt was occupied in hearing motions - of course, and for new trials, none of which were of any public interest. HOP INTELLIGENCE. SOIITTIWARX, APRIL 22.—We are not able to give a better account of our Hop trade this week—there is literally nothing doing. BIRTHS. On 'Monday last, of a son, the Lady of Henry Wise Harvey, Eq. of Vale House, Ripple, near Deal. On the 17th inst. the Lady of the Rev. V. Hutchinson Simpson, of a son. 2. MARRIED. On Saturday, the 20th inst. John Rolfe Gordon, youngest son of the late Alexander Gordon, Esq. to Charlotte' I3oydon, youngest daughter of the late Robert Boydon; Gentleman, of Cove, Suffolk. DIED. On Tuesday, the 23d instant, Mrs. Hannah Vaux, youngest sister of the late Edward Wax, Esq. of Austin-friars, aged 7 0 years. On the evening of the 22d inst. at his house in Montague street, Russell-square, David Hunter, Esq. Published for the PROPRI No. 112. Strand, by J. B. ETORS, at the SuX. CARSTAIRS.