The Sun. — London, England, 1853-01-14 00:00:00

MARKET NEIVS-(TIIIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE. During the present week, the arrivals of English wheat up to our market, coastwise, have been very moderate, viz., 2,010 quarters, chiefly from Essex and Kent. Fresh up, to-day, the supply by land carriage was small ; hence the show of samples of both red and white was trifling. Se lected qualities were scarce, and quite as dear as on Mon day; but low and middling kinds sold slowly, at barely late rates. A few parcels changed hands for forward delivery. Only 1,280 quarters of foreign wheat have come to hand this week. There was rather more inquiry for good heavy parcels, at full currencies. All other kinds were held at previous rates. In floating cargoes rather more business was doing. We were very scantily supplied with both English and foreign barley. Fine malting parcels were fully 1s per quarter dearer than last week, and there was rather more doing in grinding and distilling sorts. Malt—the supply of which was very moderate—sold slowly, at late figures.l The amount of business doing in oats was trifling, owing to the want of supply. Prices were firmly supported in every instance. In beans, peas, and flour no change took place. ARRIVALS THIS WEEK. English Whcat. 2,010 Barley. I .ti) alt. I Oats. Flour. 930 1,220 1,060 .490 Foreign 1,280 3,420 SMITHFIELD. To-day's market was very scantily supplied with beasts, both as to number and quality. For all breeds, the demand ruled steady, at fully Monday's advance in the quotations, and a good clearance was effected. The sale for that des cription of stock was firm, but we have no further advance to notice in prices. Although the number of calves was somewhat extensive for the tune of year, the veal trade was steady, at extreme rates. Their was rather more in quiry for pigs, at full currencies. Mulch cows moved - off sloWly at from 141. lOs to 19, each, including their small calf. Per 81ba by the carcase. s. d. s. d. Inferior Beasts —.2 6to 2 1 Second quality ...2 10 3 4 Prime large oxen 3 6 310 Prime Scots, &c. 4 0 4 Inferior sheep ...3 4 3 8 Second quality ...3 10 4 0 Primecoarse-w11d.4 2 4 8 1 3 1-. s. d. s. d. :me Southdown 4 2 4 8 Large crsc. calves 3 0 310 Prime small do 4 0 4 4 Large hogs 210 3 6 Small porkers 3 8 310 Suckling calves 20 0 24 0 Quarter old pigs 19 0 23 0 TOTAL SUPPLY. Relate _ _ _ _ _ 730 Sheep Calves 3OO Pigs 350 FOREIGN SUPPLY. Beasts 190 Sheep Calves 247 Pigs — LEADENHALL. naive, yet the demand ruled NEWGATE AND The supplies were very exi steady, at full prices. Per Blbs by a. d. s. d. s. d. s. d Beef, inferior 22 2 4 Mutton, Inferior 30 3 Do.,middling 2 6 210 Do.,middling 3 8 4 2 Do., prime large 3 0 3 2 Do., prime 4 4 4 6 Do., do. small ....3 4 3 6 Veal 2 10 4 4 Pork, largo 2 8 3 0 Pork, small 3 2 4 0 ,he carcase. BOROUGH HOP. Our market continues to be very moderately supplied with all new hops, in which a fair average business is doing, at full prices. Mid and East Kent pockets, 90s to 150 s ; Weald of Kent, 85s to 108 s ; Sussex, 85s to 105 s per cwt. COLONIAL. SUGAR.—There has been an improved demand, and early in the week British plantation was at rather fuller rates ; but the reaction in the Money market has caused a duller tone, and prices are receding. Barbadoes sold readily at very full prices • fine yellow, 39s to 40s Gd; mid to good, 36 s t o 38 s 6d ; andi orcl, 34s Gd. Demerara, crys talised sold at 408 to 41s Gd for fine ; and 38s to to 39s 6d for other descriptions. Refined sold for home consumption to some extent at 455, early in the week, but has been quieter since ; grocery lumps fair to fine at 45s 6d to 48d. #. EAST INDlA.—Mauritius has been sold to some extent, .„° ,l decline having been accepted in most instances. . ) - r„ble_ yellow brought 37s to 39s Gd ; mid to fine 34s 6d. to Gd 641; low 33s Gd to 34s ; mid to fine brown 30s 6d to 33s °( 1 .,„ ; ord 29s to 30s ; and low to fine 32s to 37s per cwt. J s engal has been sold at Gd reduction, for white Benares fine n realising 39s 6d to 40s ; low to good went at 36s to 6 8s 6d ; and mid. to good at 34s to 365. Madras was rather cheaper, brown, 28s to 29s ; and low to mid. yellow, 29s 6d to 31s. Manilla, nearly 1,900 bags, was taken in yester day at 34s to 35s 6d for mid. and good clayed. FOREIGN.—Maceio, damaged, sold by auction at low rates ; brown ' 30s to 33s ; and low to good white, 36s 6d to 38s 6d. Bahia mid. to good white sold at 34s to 36s Gd; brow n , 28s 6d ; and low to fine, 32s 6d. Yellow Havan nah was taken in at 35s 6d to 40s Od for low to fine; and Java, 36s 6d to 39s for mid. to good. COFFEE.—There has not been an active market, and the Speculation has for the present subsided. For native Cey lon, of the new import, 47s to 48s per cwt. have been paid, the qualities being good to real good ord. Plantation has been dull, and rather cheaper, with still a downward tendency. Good realised 59s to 635, low mid to mid 54s to 58s, triage 45s to 48s Gd, fine fine ord 475 to 59s ; peaberry 60s to 665. At the latest auction low mid and mid ord was taken in at 545 to 59s per cwt. Costa Rica declined 2s— selling at 48s to 51s 6d for good to fine ord. Tellicherry went at 58s to 64s 6d for mid to good, being lower. Ja maica brought 46s to 498 6d for good and fine ord, 52s 6d to 53s for fine fine ord to mid, and 39s to 42s 6d for triage. Demarara was taken in at 60s for mid colory. COCOA.—This article has been dull, at rather cheaper rates. Trinidad 318 6d to 375, and mid grey to good red 33, 1 to 375. Bahia was taken in at 24s for good red. RlCE.—This article has sold quickly, and Madras has not realised more than 10s to 10s 6d for good mid and good brisk. The market at present looks firmer. SPlCES.—Pepper has been rather cheaper, Malabar pro ducing 3ad to aid for half heavy ; pimento has been sold at 58 - d for mid. Batavia mace at 2s Mto2B Gd for wormy and mouldy; and Si nga p ore nutmegs at 2s 7d t o 2 s 9d for red. Singapore white pepper brought 7id for mid. SALTPETRE.—The demand has not been active. Bengal was taken in at 27s Gd to 30s ; Calcutta sold at 29s to 298 6d for refraction 5 to G per cent. • and Madras at 24s to 248 6d for 15.} to 201 per cent. refraction. COCHINEAL.—This article has declined ld per lb. COTTON.—The market has been dull. Western has been sold at 3d. per lb, but most of the Madras offered was taken in. TRA.—The demand has been better, although the arri vals are large. Both congou and green have been in request. TALLOW.—Prices are heavy at 46s per OWL on the spot. GREEN FRUIT.—The stock of all kinds is diminishing, mid prices are well supported ; fears being entertained of a short supply of oranges, owing to contrary winds pre venting outward bound vessels from reaching their desti nation. Two cargoes, oranges and St. Michael, sold by Keeling and Hunt, at public sale, realised an advance of is to 2s per box. Lemons have been, bought freely for confectioners' use, as well as the juice being required to complete a Government contract. Nuts of all kinds firm. LLOYD'S SHIPPING-(THIS DA Y.) LONDON, Jan. 14.—Wind at Noon, W.S.W., light breeze, an d fine clear dry weather. DEAL, Jan. 13.—Wind, W.S.W., moderate. Arrived r Ganges, Canton. Arrived from th e Ri ver —C a ll a o, fo S Y€ I2IO Y, ; Royal Alice, do. Sailed—Orion, Africa. The Britanni a , for San Francisco, and th e I r i s , f or Port Adelaid e , have been in contact, and received damage. C OWEEL—Arrived—Henrich, Wilmington, for Australia. S ailed —Hermann (s), New York. LIvERPooL, Jan. 13 . —Wind, W.N.W. Arrived— Janthe, Buenos Ayres; Samuel Lawrence, Mobile ; James D. Cooper, New York. Put back—Virginia, Manzanillo, ; Allegra, Apalachicola, havin g sprung a leak ; Carthagen a , Charleston, with formast sprunc , ; Thornhill, New Orleans. Off Port—Laura, Bahia ; Charles Souchay, —; and Emma. BEREHAVEN, Jan. 12.—The Lady of the Lake, Sydney to Tralee, is on Hall Rock ; crew saved. CARDIFF, Jan. 13.—The Charles Kerr (barque) drove foul of tne Joan (Dutch barque), in Penarth Roads, and did her considerable damage. The Devonport of Bristol was in contact with the Temperanc e of Cork, and did some damage. CAERNARVON, Jan. 13.—The Ann and Catherine has been got off shore.. DUBLIN, Jan.l2.—The Rocket of Newry has been towed in here leaky, &c. GALATz, Dec. 30.—The Hornet has received damage, having been run foul of by a Turkish vessel. GLOUCESTER.—Romulus,—Romulum Quebec. BELFAST, Jan. 12.—The Nuevo darmer, Havannah to Hamburgh, which got on shore on D undrurn B a y on the 22d of December, has been a ss i s t e d off. WATERFORD, Jan. 12.—Tho Confidence and the Mes senger dragged their anchors, and drove foul of the Achilles (Greek brig) ; both the former vessels received damage. CONSTANTINOPLE, Dec. 30.—The Kate, Odessa to Nor- Way, arrived here on the 23d, leaky ; carg o not m ac h damaged. The Era, Chl atz to the United ingdom7has been towed into Therapice a derelict. DEATEI OF N. ALEXANDER, Esq., 31 The Northern Whig supplies the following particulars of the death of one of the members for Antrim :—" We regret to have to announce the death theof Nathanieleonntyfo Alexander, Esq., late representative of Antrim in the House of Commons, which melancholy at event took place on Wednesday, the sth instant, Ardimersey Cottage, Islay, the residence of Robert Langtry, Esq., where the deceased gentleman had been staying for some time past. About a fortnight since Mr. Alexander was taken ill with a severe attack of water on the chest ; but no se r i ous a pp re hensions were entertained regarding him until M on d a y, th e 3d instant,_er when. hi s ill ness ex hibit e d a l arm i ng symptoms. ft that p er i o d he gradually grew worse, and on After Wed nesday l as t h e exp i re d i n t h e vigour of manhood having only recently completed his thirty-seventh year. The deceased became a candidate for the representation of the county of Antrim in Parliament, when the eleva tion of his relative, General O'Neill, t o a peerage i n 1841, rend ered one of the seats for that county vacant. The electors were also addressed at this period by Ed mund M`Donald, Esq., of Glenarm Castle, but the lat ter gentleman declining a contest, Mr. Alexander was re turned at Carrickfergus on the 14th of April, 1841. At the general election, consequent on the dissolution of ministers, in the same year, Mr. Alexander again ad dressed the electors, and, being unopposed, was returned at Carrickfergus on T uesday, July 13, along with John Irving, Esq. From this time Mr. A. continued in the representation of the county up to 1852, when he issued an address to the electors intimating his intention of not again soliciting their suffrages. Shortly after his re election, in 1841, Mr. ,Alexander married Florinda, second daughter of R. Bagley, Esq, and niece of Lord Castlemaine, an amiable and accomplished lady. In po litics, the deceased gentleman was a Conservative, and voted for agricultural protectio n in 1846. In private life he was unostentatious, amiable, and inoffensive, never allowing a political difference to interfere with the observances of private friendship. The remains of the deceased gentleman are expected to arriv e in Belfast by the Scotch boat this morning." THE NTARCO POLO.—The Marco Polo has been adver tised to sail again to Australia early next month. Li order, it is presumed, to make another swift passage out and home, she carries only specie and passengers, THE FRENCH EMPIRE. The state of the Bourse, and the long-continuel daily decline in the price of the Rentes, form the chief topics of discussion in Paris. The closing prices yesterday afternoon of the Three per Cents. were officially reported at 70f. 60c. for the account, being a fall of 50 centimes on the last rates of the previous day; the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. nents.tim were quoted 104 f. 60c., being a decline of 6 on the opening rates the same morning. The in liank s stock, railway and assurance share s, and, fine, all other investments, partake of the same panic, and transactions for cash were effected on almost any terms. This state of things naturally gave rise to many ill-natured reports, one of which went the length of asserting that a person of high official standing in the Government had been guilty of some unprincipled jobbing on the Stock Exchange. With reference to these scandalous stories which, it was said, chiefly affected the Minister of War, and which alleged that, being unable to pay his losses, he had been executed, while others said he had been saved by subscriptions got up amongst the agens de change, and others again that M. Fould had, to save the credit of the Government, ordered the money to be paid, the Moniteur, in reply to all such inventions, contains the following decisive note :-- "Public opinion has latterly been pre-occupied with the situation of the Bourse, and of certain operations in which tho name of a public functionary of a very high order has been implicated. It is known that the habitual tactic of the enemies of the Government consists in spreading about each day the most absurd and false news regarding its in tentions and acts, and in seeking, through despair of other means, to disparage the men who afford it the most useful support. The Emperor, however, who desires to found the influence of his administration upon the respect inspired by the probity of functionaries of all degrees, has felt moved by rumours which have moved even him. He wished to know the truth as to their nature and origin, and ordered investigations, which have furnished th e mo s t in contestable proof that those rumours have no sort of foundation, and are the result of an odious calumny." The Moniteur confirms the fact mentioned of the reception of the Turkish ambassador. The following naval appointments have taken place : Captain do la Graudiere to the command of the corvette L'Eurydice. Captain Leps to the command of the brig La perouse. - Lieut. Ferre to the command of the gabarre La Sarcelle. Lieut. Cornequel Dubodon to the command of the gabarre La Pintade. Lieut. Thomassy to the gaellette L'Estafette. Captain le Saulmer de Vaubello to the steam frigate Le Sane. Captain Sagot-Duvauroux to the steam aviso Le Requin. Captain Dupourg to the steam aviso Le Marceau. Five columns are filled with names of persons decorated with the Legion of Honour, followed with various appointments to places. The same journal contains the following gratify ing announcement :—" We made known, the 29th December last, that the number of pardons ac corded by his Majesty 4,0 political prisoners con demned by the mixed commissions amounted to 1,232. By two subsequent decisions, the Emperor has admitted to the benefit of his clemency 383 persons, that is to say, 180 the sth, and 203 the Bth of January. We now learn that by a decree of the present date 80 more prisoners have either been liberated or have had their sentences miti gated. The number of pardons accorded by his Majesty to persons condemned for political causes by exceptional tribunals amounted to 1,695." The first Imperial ball, whose announcement has agitated the whole of the gay world in this gayest of capitals, kept so many on the tenterhooks of expectation, and which has called forth the ex ercise of as much diplomacy as would have made the fortune of half-a-dozen Talleyrands, took place on Wednesday night. It is calculated that the list sent in from the English Embassy alone included not less than 220 names. The card for the ball was in this form : " Par ordre de l'Empereur, le Grand Chambellan a I'honneur de prevenir M. - qu'il est invite h passer la soiree au Palais des Tuileries, le Mercredi, 12 Janvier, h 9 heures. "Duo DE BASSANO. " On est pri6 de remettre cette carte en entrant." Though the hour mentioned was 9 o'clock, yet .ong before carriages began to arrive at the Court of the Palace. There were two sets of tickets— those of a rose colour procured an entrance by the Pavilion floor, and were set apart for the members of the Diplomatic Corps and the higher func tionaries of State ' • and white tickets for the other persons, who had access by another entrance on the same side. The Emperor entered the State apartments precisely at 9 o'clock, and proceeded to the throne room, where he received such persons as were specially presented to him by their respec tive ambassadors. About 10 o'clock a general movement was observed in the saloons leading to the throne room, and soon the Emperor ap peared, with Lady Cowley leaning on his arm, and followed by the Ministers, the members of the Di- . plomatic Corps, the officers of the household, the great functionaries of State, and the ladies and gentle men who had just been presented. Louis Napo leon was dressed in the uniform of a general officer, with the'riband and star of the Legion of Honour. He wore shoes with small diamond buckles, and white silk stockings with diamond knee-buckles. The Ministers, and several other public function aries, were similarly habited. The Emperor looked well, and appeared in excellent spirits as he passed along between the rows of gorgeous uniforms and costly dresses of ladies, bowing to the right and left. He proceeded at the head of his brilliant cortege to the Salle des Marechaux, where dancing at once commenced. The Emperor had for his partner the lady of the English Ambassador. Ar rivals continued almost without intermission till 11 o'clock, and soon the magnificent saloons of the Palace were filled, yet not inconveniently so. Dancing continued with spirit till near 12 o'clock. The Emperor had danced with Lady Cowley, the Princess Mathilde, and the Countess of Teba—the last one of the most beautiful women in Spain. He then sat down, with the Grand Chamberlain stand ing or seated behind him, and looked on at others dancing, or walked about with a lady leaning ou his arm. It is but fair to say that one of the most conspicuous for the vigour and energy of his danc ing was Marshal Magnan, whose movements did not seem in the least encumbered by the weight of his new honours. At 12 o'clock the Emperor led the way to the supper room. The feast was laid out in the theatre of the Palace, which was also richly decorated for the occasion. In order that the repast might be enjoyed with more ease, it had been arranged that the ladies should sup by themselves, and the men after. The Emperor was followed by a numerous cortege of ladies and gentlemen. When the folding-doors which led from the long gallery to the vestibule through which you pass to the theatre, were thlown open, nothing could exceed the brilliancy of the spectacle. Around the semi-circular apartment ran a buffet laden with refreshments. The number of tables laid out were 40 ; they were round, and each provided ample accommodation for 14 persons. Meat; of every kind, and wines of every vintage were supplied in abundance Besides the bril liant light which flowed down from the lustres which hung from the ceiling, three silver branches, with three or four lights each, were placed on each table. An elevated gallery ran round the hall, and two bands of music played the most select airs alternately during the whole time. The favourite air, " Partant pour la SYrie," was alway s sure t o b e h ear d w h erever Louis Napoleon made his appearance. It was remarked that the plate bore the initial " N.," w ith the the Im perial crown, while napkins—at . l a e n a d s t themany d a t o . e f them—hadthe letters o , marked o n th em . S upper was over at two '011840ck7," but more than an hour previou s ly th e Em peror ret urne d to the Salle des Marechaux with many of the ladies, and dancing was resume d w i t h even more earnestness than before. At three o'clock the company the Emperor.was bega n to thin, and before that time t d . retired to his private apartments. till four o'clock. Dancing 10c., rose to 105 f. 15 a c The Fou r _ anc r t a _ u i per Cents. opened at 105 f. at 10 . if fell subsequently to 105 f. 50c., and closed Three per Cents. closed at 79f. 992 f. 50c. • Rouen, 60c. for the end of the month,. and the 977 f. 50c. ; Havre, 50;01..ari)sc's.,n;_ 60c. • Orleans Railway Great Northern, ;Lyons n dtoSter,sburg, 787 f.; 830 f.; Basle, 347 f. 50c. Paris and Lyons, 865 f. . ; Caen to mo _ .ancon, 520 f. ; b 6 ll.l Th e ef r . 'VI (issuede diterraat nean, 705 f. ; Western of France Cherbourg, 620 f. ; Dijon , and France, Shares of the Bank of Credit 500 f.), 770 f. SPAIN. Several journals have been seized for - violent articles against the decree on the liberty of the press. A paper is about to appear devoted entirely to the Government. Among the papers seized were the Diario Espa nol, Epoca, Obstrvador, and Las Novedades. The advices from the different provinces stated that the Ministry would obtain a considerable ma jority in the elections. M. Jose del Val had submitted to the Minister of War a plan for the protection of the Island of Cuba, consisting in the establishment of three fly ing columns of volunteers, charged with watching over the security of the island, and promptly re pelling all attacks. A Royal decree, inserted in the Gazette, provides that the levy of recruits in 1853 shall take place according to the stipulations of the project of law, adopted by the Senate on the 20th January, ISSO, and that this derogation from the law, hitherto in force, shall be submitted to the Cortes. According to the Clamor Publico the Spanish military navy, including the ships now on the stocks, is composed of 3 ships of the line, 5 frigates, 6 corvettes, 8 brigs of the first class, 4 of the second, 4 galliot brigs, 10 schooners, 8 transports, 29 steamers, and 102 minor vessels—in all 178. The navy estimates for 1852 amount to 86,150,570 reals ; but that sum does not include the cost of maintaining the naval stations at Cuba and the Philippine Islands, which is paid by those co lonies. BOURSE.—Three per Cents., 44- ; Deferred, 23 11-16 ; Exchange on London, 51 paper. ITALY. A letter from Milan of the Bth, in the Opinione of Turin, states that a Piedmontese officer, named opolo, having been insulted by an Austrian officer in the theatre of La Scala at Milan, called him out; but that his aggressor, instead of complying, gave him into custody, and had him led before the Com missary of Police, where the Piedmontese officer, after having to submit to further provocations from the other, received orders to quite the state imme diately ; but the other officers of the Austrian regi ment to which the aggressor belonged, being indig nant at his behaviour, insisted upon his being put under arrest, and he will probably be obliged to leave the service. It is believed, however, that the matter will not rest there.. Thr trial at Florence against Guerrazzi and others, for high treason, still continues. On the sth the counts of indictment, against Major Petra chi and the others were read in court. A letter from Rome states, that the Pope has raised the Bishop of Agram to the dignity of Car dinal. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANITARY 14, 1-853. AUSTRIA. The Triester Lloyd says that the blockade of the Albanian coast has commenced. The Emperor's Second Adjutant, Major-General von Kellner, has been sent to Cattaro. The Montenegrines have fallen back upon their mountain fastnesses. Some 8,000 men are advancing from the Herzegovina. but Montenegro is almost impregnable excepting on the Albanian or south-eastern frontier. The Oest. Correspondenz of Friday contained an article, in which, the agreeable prospect of a speedy and complete restoration of the credit of the country was held out. On the very same day the rate of exchange had risen two per cent., and on Monday London was again in demand at 10fl. 48. The monied men profess to be astonished at this, but it is strongly suspected that some great firms have made most unpatriotic speculations. It was so evident to every man of business that silver, at a premium of 7i- per cent., was " dirt cheap," that few could resist the temptation of buying. Austria must have 10,000,0001. or 15,000,0001. of Californian or Australian gold before her finances can be put into order. Until Monday no official organ had ever mentioned the issue of State " Ground Indemnification " Bonds (for the aboli tion of villeinage and soccage), but the Oest. Corres pondenz complained that they were disposed of far below their real value. These " Obligations" can not, for the whole Empire, amount to much less than 500,000,000 florins. People in Vienna profess to have full confidence in the pacific intentions of the new Emperor, and a Paris correspondent writes to the Augsburg Ga zette, thht the Austrian army is to undergo a reduc tion of 70,000 men. This is possible, but it is cer tainly not probable. The Presse has received a hint not to be so free in its strictures on the Em peror of the French, but it cannot refrain from indulging in a sly hit now and then. • Marshal Radetzky is now inspecting the for tresses in the Lombardo-Venetian Provinces. It is rumoured that the Austrian troops now occupying the Papal dominions are to form a separate army corps, with head-quarters at Ancona. his believed that the coronation of the Emperor of Austria will take place in the spring. There can be no question of a separate ceremony in either of the provinces. The arms will undergo such alterations as the unity of the Empire may render necessary. THE EIGHTH HussJuts IN NOTTINGHAM. --A fracas occurred in this town between a number of mechanics and a party of the above regiment oft Sunday evening last, which it is feared will terminate in serious consequences. It appears that on Sunday evening last a party of the Bth Hussars (now quartered in Nottingham), consisting of about 30, met at their house of call, the Milton's Head, and were quietly spending the evening. A soldier, much intoxicated, came into the public-house, when the land lord very properly advised him to go to the barracks. The soldier persisted in entering, and instead of joining his comrades upstairs, walked into a room filled with other company. In a very short time high words arose, and some of the men who were present state that the soldier challenged any one of them to fight. Upon this a general row commenced, and the soldiers occupying the upper room came down to assist their comrade. The house was quickly cleared. It was then discovered that the intoxicated soldier had received some dangerous wounds • the crown of his h ea d h a d b een l a id open b y a fender which had been used in the affray. In the course of an hour an escort was sent for him, and he was con veyed in a dangerous state to the barracks hospital. kgorhpFueaarirds circumstances lbiwyn D fesooei E us I nea T dean : nu,s he ß r Y ly ß in u g ßri o G t h — e Y fl o e s o t r e r a d b a y l a , k i e n n f o e rd mation was forwarded to Mr. Baker, the coroner, that a n n dtrr, zr etoe nt: Wednesday death ees aw l t e ai F u- ds n a t rdu latelyae el afternoon t s e; the of o f s t a rtnh parishho ne followinge e was s i n e fta. t s sBLs middle - agedhihti ootTtelice'enEeken TERRIFIC in a chair near the fire, during the temporary g absence of her husband, who, upon his return in two or corpse, with ' the clothes burnt from her person. She appeared to have, by some accident, set fire to her dress, and, being too helpless to alarm the other inmates of the house, had fallen, and :perished in that dreadful way. A neighbouring surgeon attended immediately upon the discovery being made, but found life quite extinct. THE FATAL SEWER ACCIDENT IN LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS.—Mr. Bedford, the coroner for Westminster, held an inquest yesterday, at the Plough Tavern, Carey street, Lincoln's Inn-fiele ts, touching the death of Wil liam Reardon, aged 69 ye ars, residing in Newton-street, Holborn, a night watchman, in the employ of Messrs. Humphreys and Thirsk, the building contractors to foundthe M d e t e r a o d po 2 l e i t a a r n l y on Commissioners w,ed n esday m o f o r D S in w g e , r s wh at , the o w as bot tom of a new sewer which. he was watching in Portugal street, in the same locality. From what could be ga thered from the evidence it appeared that the deceased went • on duty between 5 and 6 on the previous evening, when the workmen were leaving off, apparently in his usual health. His business was to keep the lanterns burning near the approach to the hole, which was about twenty feet deep, and almost opposite the side entrance to King's College HospitaL At nine o'c-ock his grand daughter brought him some refreshment, and at half past eleven he was seen by some of the people connected with the hospital. Nothing more was noticed about him until the next mom. fling, when the men came to work, and one of them on going down the ladder, found him as above described. He was taken out as speedily as possible, • and carried into the hospital, when Mr. Lawson, the house-surgeon, pronounced life to have been extinct some hours. After some conjectures as to how he fell into the sewer, the jury ultimately returned a verdict of " Found dead in a common sewer, but how he came by his death there was not sufficient evidence to show. LICENSED VICTUALLERS' ASYLUM. —Last night the an nual ball in aid of the funds of the Licensed Victuallers' Asylum, in the Old Kent-road, took place in the London Tavern. The arrangements were made under the di rection of Mr. Sinclair, chairman of the institution, and a committee which included Mr. Palmer, Mr. Hancock, Mr. Frost, Mr. Utley, and several other gentlemen. Mr. Frampton acted on this, as on former occasions, as master of the ceremonies, and the society availed them selves of the present opportunity to present him with a silver goblet, as a testimony of their appreciation of his valuable and gratuitous services on these festive anni versaries. There were at least a thousand persons' pre sent at the anniversary, for three of the largest roon is in Mr. Bathe's establishment were filled with visitors, \ Who enjoyed themselves up to a late hour to the excel', mt music of Mr. Adams' band. It is gratifying to be al )1e to state that the funds of the charity, which affords x lief to about 120 aged individuals, will be largely ill creased by the benevolent contributions of last night;. Dancin g was continued to a late hour , and the company enjoyed a very pleasant evening. RAILWAY IN AUSTRALIA.-A scheme has been an nounced for an Australian railway from Newcastle to Segenhoe, to be called " the Great New South Wales Railway." Its length would be about 80 miles, starting from the coal-fields of the Australian Agricultural Com pany at Port Hunter, on the coast, to within about 30 ' miles of the Liverpool Plains, and about 40 miles of the: Peel. The line, it is said, was originally projected in. 1846. The present estimate of its cost, however, re- Mains to be stated; together with the reasons for endea vouring to raise the capital in this market when the great question of the day is as to the way in which the people of New South Wales will themselves find suffi cient openings for investment. A lengthened prospectus is promised, in which it may be presumed this point will be adverted to, since the committee, it is stated, " will compromise some of the leading merchants of the colony." —Times. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—The Earl of Aldborough and Hob. loway's Pills.—An astounding cure by this miraculous: medicine, after every other means had failed. See ex tract from hi s l ordship ' s letter, dated "Villa Messina, L . eghorn, Feb. 21, 1845. To Professor Holloway.S— -r,—l beg to acquaint you that your pills have effected a cure of a disorder in my liver and stomach, which all the most eminent of the faculty at home and all over the Continent had not been able to effect—nay not even the waters of Carlsbad or Marienbad. (Signed) Alb borough." These wonderful pills will cure any disoiars of the liver or stomach.—Sold (also Holloway's Oint inent) at Professor Holloway's Establishment, 244, Strand, London ; and by all medicine vendors through- out the civilised world. THE COLONY OF VICTORIA. (.Prom. the Melbourne Argus of dept. 27, 1852.) On the ith of the present month, the day prior to the departure of the Chusan steamer, we pub lished an elaborate article, embodying the results of a most careful investigation into the actual con dition, commercial, social, and political, of the Colony of Victoria, and designed for transmission to Europe by the overland mail, in order that the British public might . be furnished in a condensed form with the latest and most authentic informa tion respecting-a colony so strangely circumstanced, and at the present moment exciting such profound and general interest throughout the civilised world. As the Australian steamer is ,on the point of de parting for England by the direct ocean route, we design to add such supplementary particulars as will bring down our summary ,of events to the present moment. And, as before, we shall com mence with the grand primary topic of THE GOLD. --- - The total amount of the precious metal brought into Melbourne by the several escorts, and by pri vate hand, up to the end of August, we showed to be 1,771,974 ounces. Since then the quantities brought in have been as under:— GOVERNMENT ESCORT. Ounces, Sept. 3. From Ball ara t 4,627 , 7. „ Mount Alexander 37,956 , 10. „ Ball ara t 4,897 „ 17. „ Do. , 1 ~ Mount Al exan d er 47,061 Of „ 25. ~Do. 1, J, ll Ballarat, unknown. 128,830 PRIV4TE ESCORT. Sept. 3. From Mount Alexander 33,805 2, 5 . Pf „ 14. „ 20. 7, ....... 40,922 „ 26. 197,959 OUR POLITICAL CONDITION. It is gratifying to record that our political pro spects are somewhat brightening, despite many standing grievances of the most irritating descrip tion. The concession to the local Legislature of the absolute control of the revenue derivable from gold, is an act reflecting great credit on Sir John Pakington, and fraught with advantage to the colony. The Legislative Council has been pro rogued for a month, in order to give the Govern ment time to frame the estimates, in accordance with the liberal provisions of the Colonial Minis ter's dispatch. The council, we doubt not, will in sist upon the organisation of an adequate police force, and take other measures to secure the sta bility and tranquillity of the colony. The Govern ment has proposed a measure for levying an ex port duty of half-a-crown an ounce on gold ; but it remains to be seen whether this proposal will meet the approval of the Council. The debates in both houses of the Imperial Par liament in the month of June last, on the Griev ance Petition of the New South Wales Legislature, is not creditable to the former, nor satisfactory to the colonists. Making every allowance for the in appropriate time at which the subject was intro duced, there was yet a marked contempt for the just claims of the colonists observable in both houses. We look forward with deep'interest to the discussion of the subject by the new Parliament, and hope to see a far more liberal and enlightened system of colonial policy advocated and adopted. The Times is perfectly justified in speaking warmly on this subject. The interests of the Australian colonies will not afford to be trifled with ; and we repeat again —what we have so often paid—that timely attention to their wants and grievances can alone secure to Britain the possession of them for any lengthened period. It would not be easy to depict accurately the anomalous aspect of society around us at this mo ment. The broad distinctive features of English social life are almost wholly lost in a colony, and the gold discoveries have powerfully aided 6obli terate them here. The character of society is ra pidly assuming the American type, and into that form it will settle down permanently ere long. Personal independence in speech and act, self-asser tion, scorn of conventional distinctions, and an.all absorbinff pursuit of wealth, as almost the only object of existence, are the characteristics induced in the individual by the new pursuit. The accom panying vices are also prevalent, as might have been anticipated. Where these elements of cha racter preponderate, society can never be moulded after the English model. They are palpably stamped upon surrounding society even now, and are daily becoming more distinct. In this signifi cant fact, more than in any possible political changes, do we read the character of Australia ; and once more we solemnly warn those upon whom our destinies at present depend, that they must be careful what they do ; that their very largest, boldest, broadest policy may prove to be too con tracted for the wants of such astonishing times as these ; and that the day is fast approaching when, if they will persist in meddling in matters which they can neither understand, nor from distance manage if they could, they will bring on a result that will probably furnish far more reason for re gret to Great Britain than it is at all likely to fur nish to Australia. THE WINE TRADE. The following is the circular of G. E. Balleras and Co., agents for Messrs. Larios Hemanos, and M. Ponce de Leon "London, Ist January, 1853. " Commoner descriptions of sherries are eagerly sought after to supply the Russian and Australian markets, which have become new and larger outlets for our pro duce, and the growers are now demanding from the shippers much higher rates, whose stocks during the last ten years have considerably diminished, whilst the lower sorts are purchased iiith unwonted avidity for distilling. purposes ; from these causes, ordinary cheap wines of last vintage, to be used for distilling, cannot be purchased under 101. per butt, at Moguer, Chiclana, and Sanlucar. There is now nothing from two to three years old possessing soundness, and suitable for the Eng lish market, obtainable for less than 14/ ; in the natural state, unfit for shipment, which must eventually 'tend to the enhancement of present quotations. We observe also a steady increasing demand for the higher qualities for consumption here, which will, ere long, have its full influence on the Spanish and other markets. " Combined with the increased demand, we notice with much regret, that last year's [vintage, although firm in quality, only amounts to half an average crop ; and taking into consideration that of 1851 was but one fourth in yield, as compared with an abundant season, which is estimated to produce 4 to 5 butts for Aranzada. It is much to be deplored that Spain has not been exempt from the disastrous effects of ungenial weather, but fortu nately, last September was altogether propitious, and the small gatherings were husbanded in perfection. It would be premature to speak with accuracy of the quality of the new wine until the spring, when the mosto' is racked from its first deposit of 'lees,' then it will be dis covered if fermentation has progressed in the right di rection ; until then, the true quality is not developed. " However, to demonstrate the buoyancy of the mar ket, reports are current and well founded, that the prices, exclusive of casks, will approximate for the new mostos' of Xerez and Port St. Mary, ,from ill, to 121. ; St. Lucar, 8/. to 9/. ; Chiclanas, 71. 10s. to 81. 10s. ; and Moguer, 91. to 9/. 10s. per butt, all de pendent on the result of quality. "In Malaga the vintage is ascertained to be barely one-third only of an average ; therefore from this district there can be no wine reserved for distillation. "We beg to remark for the guidance of the trade, that, for many years past, efforts have been made to deprecate the Port St. Mary's in juxta-position with those denominated ask' Xerez ; but it is now high time that this delusive impression should be fully exploded, for they are identically of the same growth, produced in like soil, and sold indiscriminately, after being made into wine, without the least restriction, to all classes of buy ers. The nice distinction, however, consists simply in this, that one house ships from the Portal, near Port St. Mary's, the other from Port St. Mary's itself. " BRANDIES.—The superior qualities are those distilled in Allunol, which have risen from 110 dols. to 135 dols. per puncheon of about 112 gallons, o.p. 50. This is a fine delicate spirit. In other districts, from the dearth of low wines, second qualities have been proportionately stimulated. "From the foregoing, it is more than problematical that the large exports of sherry will (from the advanced rates demanded) compel shippers in general to augment in some degree their card prices, obviously to protect their friends, as also to enable them to sustain their own integrity." MYSTERIOUS ROBBERY.—lnf orma ti on of th e f o ll ow i ng robbery has been forwarded to the poli ce . O n extraordinary Tuesday evening a young gen tl eman arr i ve d a t th e lodging Miss Keays, Norfolk-st ree t, St ran d, w ith a large house of quantity of luggage and money. H av i ng , as h e supposed, safely deposited his luggage in his apartment, he went out for a walk, returning soon afterwards, when he was astonished at finding his trunks and portmanteau forced open and completely emptied of their contents, with thirty ‘ sovereigns that were in the portmanteau. The thieves, who it is supposed effected their entrance either through the waste ground in Arundel-street, or through 37, the uninhabited house adjoining Miss Keays's, also stole a large quantity of property belonging to that lady, with which they escaped. A. short time since Mr. Skales, surgeon, within two doors of Miss Keays, was similarly robbed by thieves, who entered his house through the empty house, 4, Arundel-street, the robbers carrying off a quantity of plate and'other valuables. In the former, as in the latter case, the police have as yet failed in tracing the burglars. FRENCH CONTRACTS FOR TOBACCO.—The following adjudications on tenders for the supply of leaf tobacco to the Government were made on Monday. M. Pesca tore for 1,200,000 kilogrammes Virginia at 96f 97c. per 100 kilogramme s ; 12 0,000 kilos, of Kentucky at 71f: j 1,200,000 300,kil 000 os. of Dut c h at kilos. of Braz Gal92f. ; M ilian at 10 line,6f. 5 1, 352 oc. ada, ; ' a o n oo . kilos. of M ary l and at 85f. 33e. ; and M. Mang 1 50,000 kilos. of Ilaxannah at 284 f. for the Pre- Thomas, the secretary of the Royal Society oerr a complaint CRUELTY TO ANIMALS.—MATCH AGAINST TimE.—Mr• vention of Cruelty to Animals, has Pr, I Inn O x ford, ce f m. against John Pickett, of the Plo o u n gn the Inn, o Sr p ov e e the ber last, in a race againstte having cruelly overdriven a pony on and back : ji. di 2 The case pony from Oxford to London_ora wager of petty sessions, 117 miles, in 20 hours, justicest at the defendant, next, at eleven will come before . the . ead, on monday Burnham, near Maidenhead , stance of i o'clock. TOTALS. By Government Escort By Private Escort 197,959 Amount conveyed to Adelaide by South Australian Escort on 16th inst. 39,404 Total quantity brought clown by Escorts ...366, 193 We have here tolerably correct data to determine the average weekly yield of the Victoria Diggings. In an address to 'her Majesty, drawn up by the Legislative Council some days ago, it is stated that " the present weekly yield of gold, taking the last three months as a criterion, may be estimated at 80,000 ounces, which, at 70s an ounce, gives a gross annual sum of 14,560,000 sterling." This estimate is fully substantiated by the figures given in our previous article, and more than confirmed by the statistics given above. For we find that in the first four weeks of the present month close upon three hundred and seventy thousand ounces have been conveyed from the Diggings by escorts, in addition to the unknown quantity brought away by private persons, and still remaining in th e h an d s of the diggers. Perhaps an average yield of one hundred and twenty thousand ounces weekly would not be an exaggerated estimate. At all events, it is perfectly certain that the weekly yield is con stantly increasing. But on the other hand it must be stated that the present is the most favourable period of the year for gold digging, and that the number of diggers is constantly increasing. In our previous summary, we estimated the total yield of our gold fields from their commence ment to the end of August, at 2,532,422 ounces ; to which, adding the amount since brought in, we have a present total of 2,898,615 ounces, which, at 31. 10s per ounce, is equal t o 10,145,1521. sterling. But this amount, we may again state, we believe to be much below the actual value of the gold pro duced in Victoria to the present date. We have said that the number of diggers is in creasing. Our previous estimate gave the number at 70,000 ; and it is likely that upwards of 80,000 are at this moment on the ground. Taking the average weekly yield given by the Legislative Council, we ,find that the average yield per man per week is exactly an ounce. This result is at least confirmed by the general statements of the diggers themselves, it being universally admitted that any persevering digger can easily secure an ounce a week--a striking contrast with the wages of the Lanark handloom weaver, and the pittance doled out grudgingly to the Dorsetshire labourer, or the famished Irish peasant ! That the quantity of gold produced rises or falls in proportion to the number of diggers is now a demonstrated fact ; and two important inferences are deducible from it. First, that the capabilities of our gold fields are almost without limit, since the more they are worked the richer they appear ; and second, that they offer remunerative employ ment .to any number of men who choose to labour in them with ene rgy and perseverance. These aro the plain and practical facts upon which English workmen can found a safe judgment as to the wis dom of trying their fortune at the diggings.' We lay no stress on the chances of the exciting game of gold seeking ; we say nothing of the marvellous prizes won by some favourites of fortune, because that would be to run the r i s k o f m i s leading and deluding the honest worker. If the certain gain offer by the diggings is not sufficient to induce a man to given them a trial, he is very foolish If he allows himself to be lured to tham by the com paratively few chance instances of extraordinary success. But it is only fair to state, that there are such instances, and many have come to light within the last few weeks. The most remarkable is the find ing of a splendid mass of pure solid gold, weighing twenty-eight pounds four ounces. This superb mass has been purchased by the Executive for 1,6501., for presentation to her Majesty, and is for warded by the Australian steamer. These are solitary instances, however, and offer no standard of general success. The experience of the past month has not alone tended to confirm the fact that our gold fields are not yet beginning to exhibit the slightest symptoms of exhaustion, but ha . ve given fresh evidence of their indefinite extent. In two instances it has been found that spots which had been tried and abandoned as comparatively unproductive, have proved upon more mi nu t e i nvestigation to be richly remunerative. Other l oca li t i es, hitherto untried, are spoken of confidently as abounding in the in gold. It is not necessary, howe ver , to supplement sub stantial proofs of the enormous richne4s of the pro vince by mere reports of a ddi t i onal gold fields. But by way of showing the extent and present aspect of the various gold fields, we may quote the latest reports from sever a l different localities dis tant very many miles from each other. An expe riencedthe 17th instant, says— Mount Alexander on man, writing from " Some of the gold finds around this creek have been numerous and heavy. On Tuesday last, one man picked out a noble solid piece, about nine pounds of pure gold, besides a great quantity of smaller nuggets around it— in all worth 800/..or_ J,OOO/.—at one swoop . A no th er party on coming down to the pipeclay, found between between nine and ten pounds of gold resting on the rock at an angle of about 45°, and lying beautifully in a sort of vein on the pipeclay Many men with their families have evidently come up here now to settle per manently, for to exhaust the gold at the Mount will take many years yet-1880 won't see it out." near the firs A t n ß ot a l l i l e a r r , a d t a g ti o n ld g h fi i e s ld le , from Eureka, " During last week a party at Little Bendigo obtained, in a day, two hundred and eight ounces, whi c h every day since has increased as the party gets furth er i n t o t h e dip of the rock. This party certainly deserv e d success, for theysunk Party was sink ing,and ha th gb e hole where no eensomemonths othr unfortunate, e were de termined in the event of that hole proving a failure, to bid farewell to the diggings. A.•great m any i nsta n ces of equally are daily a brighter toilycoming aspe c t. I t may my knowledg e . be safely asserted that Eureka, if not now, will soon b e - Elrylything good now luc luckk is come the El Dorado' of Victoria." Pyrenees, A gentleman at Daisy-hill, at th e flirty or forty miles further west, say s ,__ "On the 10th September, since my last communica tion, the Daisy Hill Diggings have advanced in public favour, and on good grounds, as with an incre ase d num wtasheir the operations case. The diggers have surface o num ber of diggers, the average finds have, I beli eve , b een and in procured spots larger almost entirely previously confined wash ing, having been prevented from sinking by the s we t t s . extremely The surface rich, e soilai party aruniversallyty having auriferous, one afternoon 42 ounces of gold : this, of course, is an instance of un usual good fortune ; but I believe that I am correct in stating the average return from the surface washing at one ounce per day per man. A nugget weighing 13 ounces was picked up on the surfaee on Saturday lass;." And a letter dated at Reid's Creek, at the Oven' s River, quite in another direction, being 180 m il es north-east of Melbourne, contains the following passage "A person on the ground reports that a party of four got 17 and a half ounces of gold in one day, and that he and his companion were making an average of 8 oz. daily between them. The worst success ascertained was 2 oz. and upwards per man per day. This individual observes that he never saw at either the Mount Alexan der or the Turon diggings the gold run so regular, and that where the diggers are now at work, there is room for 4,000 or 5,000 people. The nuggets they have been picking up weigh in many instances from a quarter to half an ounce. There are now about 100 people on the ground. The distance of these diggings from Melbourne is 180 miles on the Sydney road, and 15 miles from the township of Wanga,ratta.” The most cautious reader will now be able to judge for himself, from the evidence we have laid before him, as to the actual value of the gold fields now being worked, and their possible capabilities. But we think that it is no unwarrantable assump tion to claim for the colony of Victoria the honour of being the richest gold field in the world. OUR SOCIAL CONDITION. The social condition of the colony, and especially of the city of Melbourne, becomes every day more complicated and unmanagable. The population is swelled by the arrival of thousands of emigrants weekly from England and the neighbouring colo nies, while there is no corresponding increase of house accommodation. Indeed, the prosecution of the trades required in the erection of buildings is all but impossible, from the scarcity of materials and the high price of labour. Both these causes result from our contiguity to the gold fields ; for it Is not to be supposed that artisans and labourers will accept the ordinary rates of wages when they can with certainty earn an ounce of gold a week at the diggings, besides being their own masters, and standing the chance of much greater things. The want of dwellings of any description, -and the total neglect of all sanatory regulations, are becoming intolerable evils, and will be painfully felt by thou sands of immigrants on their first arrival. Already much hardship of this kind is suffered, nor is i t pos sible to provide an adequate remedy. The atten tion of the Local Government, and of the citizens generally, is at this moment earnestly directed to the subject, and efforts are being made to devise temporary expedients to mitigate the evils ; but it is absolutely impossible to make full provision for the coming multitudes, and a great amount of hardship will evidently be endured by such as have families. It is some compensation, however, to know that in the brilliant summer weather now approaching, men can live, almost wholly in the open air, without great inconvenience or danger. The healthiness of the diggings is a proof of this. The causes leading to this state of things are be yond human control. No foresight could have an ticipated them, and no energy could fully remedy them. It is not the lack of private benevolence or public spirit amongst us that leaves thousands houseless ; it is the physical necessity of the case. Doubtless, the reaction will come at length. But, meantime, it is imperative on all new comers that they evince a hardy spirit of self-reliance and self helpfulness. Privations they must suffer, and it will be vain, as well as unjust, to blame other people for them. A large proportion of the males arriving, how ever, merely make'a temporary stay in Melbourne ere they depart for the diggings. The .number of persons, including returning diggers, who have left the city within the last three weeks cannot be cor rectly ascertained, but may fairly be estimated at ten thousand, while few, or none, are returning from the diggings to remain in the city. This latter fact strongly corroborates our statement as to the remunerative nature of the employment. Meantime, the value of house property in the city is enormously increasing. In some instances building allotments dave been sold for sums which plots of equal size in the very centre or London or New York would not have fetched. Fortunes have been realised in this way by persons who never could hare dreamed that their property would rise 1 to one-fourth the value they now receive for it. ' One gentleman, for example, received 5,000 g uineas for a piece of ground in a main street, which would not have feiched one-eighth of the sum three years ago. Ground fronting principal streets has been sold at 2501. a foot frontage ; and houses are, in some cases, let for a yearly rental; larger than the whole amount expended in building them two years since. Add ed to all this, there are fears, and well ground ed fears, of a coming scarcity of provisions. Already the necessaries of life are exorbitantly dear, and are daily getting dearer. The crops cannot receive t he attention bestowed. on them in ordinary times, mi tch less ihat increased atiention rendered necessary by the daily increasing influx of popula tion. Our stocks of bread stuffs arp threatening to run low, nc T is it easy to see whence they are to be replenished. The consequences are almost too painful to be calmly contemplated. All these fa Nets demand the deepest attention from English merchants, and exporters fn all parts of the world. There , is a market here for almost every commodity. Our price current will show the high prices to be re; ~lised by importers. There does not seem much fem.: of a glut, at least in the necessaries of life, in a mar ket continually growing larger and more pressing int its demands. We believe, there fore, that Englis It and other capitalists have here a noble field for gathering wealth. We should like to see commercial. projects entered into for the pur pose of supplying the necessities of this people in a liberal and expansive spirit. The enterprise will be a noble one in its, f ; and will at once confer vast benefits upon a la rue and most interesting popula tion, and enrich t] is )se who undertake it in a worthy style. Without disparagement to the mercantile community here, I\9) may safely assert that its trans actions are soarcely adequate to the commercial:re quirements of the colony. It is wise to send us out ships laden with tl ie physical power necessary to develope our resources ; but it will not be wise to continue that syster u, if the emigrant fleets are not supplemented by others bearing the necessaries and luxuries of civilised Rife, and returning gold-laden to the shores of Britain. Morally, our condition is not much improving. The dark picture presented in our previous ar ticle is not modified in any of its details. Crime is still rife and life and property are still in secure. Judges, paid to administer the laws, in deed, assure us that these laws are decently ad ministered ; and Attorneys-General, whose duty it is to check outrage, endeavour to persuade us that there is 11:.ttle or no crime. But, unhappily, these gentlemei a enjoy a monopoly of such opinions ; and the people at large know, bitterly to their cost, that neither th :6:lir houses, their purses, nor their lives are even I moderately safe. The English Go vernment, with a. most culpable and fatal blindness to its duty and , its true interest, still sends out shiploads of En glish felonry to the neighbouring island, and thou sands of convicts find their way to our shores ; it is I even said publicly that the Local Government of Van Diemen's Land connives at their escape. Ot a. Legislature has framed an Act —not yet come into operation —to put a stop to this evil. But ev en if it should fully succeed in its design, the misclu k f already done to the community is immense, into lerable, and quite sufficient to exasperate loyal c. o lonists beyond all reconciliation to British rule. .Nor does it tend to soothe our insulted feelings v then we find that the question of transportation to Van Diemen's Land is shamefully " burked" by the Imperial Legislature, which seems so fatally lx ait on playing its petty game of political parties t h at it has no attention to bestow on a question affe c ting the very possession of the richest colony in t ,he world. Whose fault will it be if they lose it foi : ever ? The life of the g old digger is not favourable to his m oral and religl ous progress. On the contrary, it seems powerfully to break those bonds by which huma:a society is la, eld together. If this tendency be constantly aggra ,vated by contact with lawless ness L a every fora i—if the bias to crime be con tinual y stimulated by familiarity with vice in all its asp( 3cts—what can result but general demoralisa tion ? The ordinary moral and religious influences cannot reach the digger, and therefore it is neces sary to permit the abso r pti on o f hi s attention upon his fasc mating punsuit. But if we let loose thou sands ol.! felons to corrupt and degrade the digging population, and to set the example of outrage and plain, der, indulged in with impunity, what can be e: xpected but universal depravity No wonder tb at crime is so prevalent here ; that property not respected, nor life held sacred ; that gaols an; crowded, and criminals too nume rous to al low justice a temporary respite from her solem n duties. The wonder is that the strong good sense and British feeling of the com munity have so long kept it from the final resort to Lynch law. The miserable condition of affairs is brought with in one degree of that hateful alterna tive, by the i nertness of th e L oca l Government. A. well-organise d police force alone is necessary to pre serve peace, vindicate law, and repress crime ; and this, its fin it and paramount duty, an imbecile Executive e - fades, although it has ample funds at command fc a- the purpose. In a debt <t e upon the transportation question in the House f Lords, news of which has arrived here since our lt),; 3 t article appeared, we are told that it was said by ( me of her Majesty's advisers—the Earl of Desart—t; 'rat " While guarding himself against casting any imputa tion upon the I •espectability of the signatures attached to the petition, h( ) trusted that the house wou ld perm i t hi m to read a short statement, showing the manner in which the colonists e ndeavoured to evade this evil of which they so loudly complained. He should, however, first state that trap Eportation to Van Diemen.'s Land had very consideral ly diminished. The noble. lord then read a letter which I to had received from the religious instruc tor on board the Rodney, and which was dated Hobart Town, 20th of .J anuary, 1852. The letter stated that th.erewere 870 n,p! ?lications for only 200 convicts, and that there were 1,15 3 applications registered for men upon the arrival of the n e xt This stater aent was received with loud cries of " Hear, heal :," and the transportation policy of the British Gov( _‘anent was looked u p on as triumph amtly success f t 11. And thus, because a score or two of mercenary z aen, who would hire demons from he:ll if they cot ld use their services in saving them aI ew pounds, run to the side of a convict ship and struggle for a supply of the white slaves, with which the Briti sh Government has been accustomed tot t supply them and because a wretched hiroelnlinedg knows that he I annot better please his master than by :furnishing h im with such a paltry quibbl e as this to u se i n a , debate, the colonists are to be put down as insiric( are in their opposition to this crying evil ; the unanimous resolutions of all their Legi slative Assemblies are to be set at nought ; the so lemn and repeated protests of every public meeting in every city in the colonies are to be disregarded ; and the infamous folly of rewarding crime by trans portation to a gold field is to be continued ! Where is this likely to end ? Where must it end, if we are not in reality tinged to the core with the convict taint; the soulless slaves that they would fain believe us ? Where ought it to end, if still one drop of British blood circulates in our veins, or one ray of true British sentiment illumi nates our minds ? There is but one answer to all this, and wo leaie these statesmen to guess it for themselves. IMMIGRATION. Before proceeding to say a few words on our political condition, we earnestly entreat attention to the injudicious and cruel system of over-crowded vessels, which seems to be gaining ground just now. Within the month three striking cases of this kind have occurred. The Bpurneuf, Wanata, and Marco Polo, have arrived from Liverpool with about 800 passengers each. The consequences of over-crowding are sure to be fatal, and accordingly the deaths were 83, 39, and 53 respectively during the voyage. The vessels were of the largest size, it is true, but it is perfectly obvious that no vessel, whatever its size, can safely carry such large num bers on a three months' voyage. It is also true that the mortality in these cases was almost wholly confined to children ; but the facts are not the. less painful, nor inapplicable as warnings of the dis astrous consequences of an inhuman system. , TBE MADIA-1. (From the Times.) More than half a century ago the Grand Duchy of Florence, under the Government of the philoso phical Leopold, might be said to lead the van in European civilisation. That which was princi pally admired in her institutions was the mild liberality of her laws in a country little used to toleration, and the friends of the human race might hope that the noble example of this little State would diffuse itself over the rest of Europe, and predict that the city of the Medici, once the cradle of science, was destined to become a second time the instructress of the world. Among all the various forms of re-action which have been exhibited in Europe since the revolutionary outbreak of 1848, we know nothing more sad and humiliating than the tragedy which, as far as one of its principal actors is concerned, has just terminated at Flo rence. Mr. Lucas may save himself all further trouble in arguing against the liberation of Fran cesco Madiai ; his untoward punishment need no longer disturb the repose of the 1. - oman Catholic advocates of " religious equality." His is no longer a case to be justified, but a record to be falsified and denied—a charge against Rome to be ascribed by her alvocates to Protestant malignity, like the destruction of the Albigenses or the ,Mas sacre of St. Bartholomew. Time was when we should have seen, in the melancholy history of the last martyr to freedom of conscience and opinion, only the bigotry of a brutal Court and the ignorance and cruelty of a base and servile tribunal. But now, thoronghly disenchanted, we see in the tragic fate of Fran cesco Madiai the ordinary effects of a well-kno cause once again restored to the power of oppres sion. Guilty of having read the Word of Goa for their own instruction, convicted without a particle of evidence of having sought to impart to the souls of their friends the peace which had descended on their own, Francesco and Rosa Madiai had violated the canon law, and incurred a penalty exceeding in severity the sentence usually allotted to felons. There is nothing to be surprised at in all this. The vengeance of Rome against heretics is measured only by her power to punish them, and in Tuscany that power is vir tually uncontrolled. We only know the ultramon tane party in this country as persons ever ready to rail against our laws, our institutions, and our faith ; but we do them much injustice if we sup pose that they are people who delight to expend their strength in words. We are not to believe that because they portioned our c oun t ry into ima ginary dioceses and dubbed themselves with ridi culous titles, their zeal is of that kind which can explode in boasting, or evaporate in pageantry. It is from weakness, not from want of will, that Rome has recourse to these airy weapons. Give her the power, and we may be well assured that she would rather strike than scold, rather scourge than anathematise. It is curious to observe how little even those who have spent their whole lives in declaiming against Rome realise the hard, unpi tying, and unrelenting spirit with which she deals wherever she has the power with all who dissent from her authority. There is Lord Roden, for instance, who ought to know something of the spirit of the Church of Rome, but who, after the experience of a whole life, was simple enough to believe that a deputation, backed by no secular power or authority, and strong only in reason and justice, could exercis3 an influence over the mind of the weak and superstitious ruler of Tuscany, able at all to counteract the tendency of his creed or the lessons of his confessor. These gen tlemen approached the Grand Duke with profes sions of respect which it was impossible they could feel, and, though not admitted to the honour of an audience, received somehow or other the im- pression that after a short delay, accorded to the dignity of a Prince, the pardon of the Madiais would be granted. There was not, in truth, much time to be lost. Lord Roden himself describes the health of Francesco Madiai as even at that time completely broken, and the faculties of his mind as greatly impaired by the cruelties and, hardships he had undergone. Relief has come at last, but not in the shape which Tuscan diplomacy had led the deputation to expect. Mercy has removed this victim of remorseless persecution from his sufferings, but not the mercy of the Church of Rome. The martyr is relieved from his tortures, the portals of the dungeon are thrown open, and the prisoner is free ; but we thank for the deli verance not the heartless Prince or the persecuting priest, but that Power through whose inscrutable will they, in common with other evil agencies, are permitted to walk the earth for a season. - Is the vengeance of Rome yet glutted, or must the helpless wife also expati a t e w ith h er life the crime of agreement in the faith of her husband ? Is she also about to experience the " clemency" of the Grand Duke—a clemency only to be granted when death has rendered the con cession valueless ? We see no reason to ex pect a change. Austria and France are mute, for in both the Government has called in the priest to eke out the work of the soldier, and to add to physical restraint the slavery of the mind. Eng land is indignant, but it is well known her indignation will go no further than remonstrance. In the meanwhile, the very existence of the Church of Rome in Italy imperiously demands examples which may strike terror into the spirit of free ex amination which now pervades the Italian penin sula. The first reformation in Italy was put down by the sword and scattered to the winds with the ashes of Savonarola. The promise was fair, but the flame burnt up the corn before the ear had ripened. Rome is now menaced with a second re formation in Italy more terrible than the first. The necessity of terrible examples is felt and acted on, and until that necessity be satisfied, mercy, justice, and even policy itself, will plead in vain. Whatever be the reserve imposed on statesmen, it it is the duty of the press to paint these transac tions in their true colours and denounce then by their proper names. To her long list of murders Rome has added another. To her many inexpiab. l o offences against the freedom of mind and the dignity' of human nature she has joined yet another crime. She has widened and deepened yet more the gulph which divides h er f rom th e.feeliugs of the age that is, and the spirit of those ages that are to come. She has taken her stand with ignorance and tyranny, and torn off the mask from those who seek in de fiance of history to identify her with .knowledge or freedom. Her veil is rent from the top to the bottom, and behind it is displayed an altar ready decked for human sacrifice. SINGULAR DISCOVERY.—The following are the details, from a Maidstone paper, of a circumstance which was lately mentioned as having occurred :—" On Sat urday, as Mr. Garnell's assistant and a lad were removing . some boxes into a loft at the back of his premises, fro m a, house on the opposite side of the street, at Dartford, the boy said to the assistant that there was a coffin in one of them. The boy said he peeped into the box as they were getting down the stairs, and saw something jus,; like a coffin. Nothing more was thought of it till, in turning the box, the lid was broken, and the boy's asser tion found to be true, and that, in addition to candles, there was indeed a small coffin. Upon further exam.l - it was discovered that, inside the wooden coffin; there was one of lead. The other boxes were doomed to inspection, and one of them was found to contain a. larger coffin, 4 feet in length, with a plate and inscrip tion. Information w as g i ven to the police, and from in quiries instituted by th em , th e following results have been obtained :—Abo u t e i g h t years ago, these boxes thanedladdiyd a lady who wastake ltehaevi7iangwitthhehenrei;gheibnoeuerhthoeoical, were left with Mr. Hammond, grocer, by notsh a to has died, n d the boxes remained in state quo until last week, whew they were removed. The bodies contained in the coffins were daughters of this lady, the one dying about one year of age and the other four lived till this time she years. If th e l a tt er h a d would have been thirty-four years old. The lady, whose children they were, used to have them carried about and on ce had them with her from pl ace t o place, em interred at Hampstead, and after wards exhumed. knew the The survi v i ng c hild ren sa y they children had died, and were buried, bnt did not know parent's house. We learn from another account,. that a Mrs. Kin who resided some years since be tween Cra , yford and g, Dartford, at Bowman's Lodge, dealt with a g rocer o f t h e name of Hammon d , i n Dartford. When leaving the neighbourhood she deposited with this tradesman a heavy box. The death of Mr. Hammond, the departure of his family from DaZ i orZ and a consequent sale, combined with .other.nci.,. Z al stances, led to the examination of this box, and ci i lb 1 proverb, discovered the bodies of two children. An old long exists in Dartford that "no law was ever the pro" enough to reach to Dartford," and in t r ni other town in. verb has not been refuted, for in _ielvree sat a nd a jury the kingdom the coroner would 1 d however, the autholt. been empannelled. In Dartforb,o dies were buried , °Ti the r ties do things quickly, and the . ma last, without any o is believed, Wednesday e ven i,,, - t h e magistrates, and a question than an incentivece. by` he poli ECEASED HUSBAND'S question or two ___E wiTrt A ri MARRIAGE OF A I meeting of the Glasgow United BROTFIER. — A t the in on a ppeal was heard from a lady, P r esbytery Tuesday, au. d irreg u l ari ty of the proceeding of the against an all e g e ses sion. The papers on her behalf set forth that she had never been cited according to the laws of the Church to o means were empl o y e d t o con before them —n appea her that she living was in sin, nor to induce her to give up . ce in her present state of life if it wa s a s i n f u l one — se ntence was pronounced in h er a b sence ; and she fur ther set, forth, that such a ma rr i age as h ers was now h ere forbidden in the Word of God, but, on the other hand, was positively sanctioned by it. The document gave a great many illustrations in support of the views of the appellant, and concluded by intimating ber desire to have her case tried by the Word. of God, protesting against the decision of the Session, and appealing to the Presbytery, satisfied that they would decide, not accord.; ing to Popish traditions, but according to the Word oi. God. On the motion of Mr. Beattie, the appeal wa B dismissed.