The Sun. — London, England, 1853-10-07 00:00:00

THEATRE ROYAL DRITRY-LANE. Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. THIS EVENING, OCT. 7, Will be performed THE WIFE. Supported by Messrs. G. V` Brooke, Jas. Johnstone, Belton, A. Younge, Morgan, Moorhouse and G. Burt ; Mesdames Anderton and E. Ormond. To conclude with THE FOUNTADI. OF BEAUTY, in which Miss Featherstone and Miss E. Ormond will appear. Reduced prices us usual. f ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. Charles Kean 'This Theatre will OPEN for the Season on MONDAY NEXT, the 10th October, when will be performed Lord Byron a Tragedy of SARDANAPALUS, with other Entertainments. Full Particulars In future Announcements. The Box-odic° opened on Thursday, the 6th instant. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI. Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster —Directress, Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING. °cr. 7. Will be performed GENE V IEVE. Characters by Messrs. Parielle, G. Lee, Leigh Murray, C. Selby, Bedford, Keeley, 0. Smith, &c. ; Miss Woolgar, and Mrs. Keeley. -After which, will be presented SARDANAPALUF. To be followed by THE CAMP AT CHOBHAM. -To conclude with COMING OF AGE. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. William Cooke. Xhe new and Classical Burlesque the greatest triumph ever achieved. Crowded audiences nightly prove its powerful attraction, while e h niu m m tte approbation greets its gorgeous effects The Fall of Phteton, and his destruction on the banks of the River Po, are .pronounced by the Press and the Public the most perfect and beau ' tiful Tableaux ever witnessed in this Theatre. - - R -engagement of those wondrous Artistes, Signor CARLO and " Signor FItANCOIS, whose extraordinary pert rmances on LA PERC RE surpass those of all other Artistes who have appeared. THIS EVENING, OCT. 7, And during the week, will be presented (the 23d time) the New Classical Burlesque, entitled JUPITER'S DECREE, AND THE FALL OF PHATON; or, THE FIERY COURSERS OF TILE SUN, siipported by the entire strength of the Company. New and original Scenes in the Circle, introducing Signor CAR .. LO and Signor FRA.NCOIS. Concluding with (96,h time) TILE BATTLE OF WATERLOO. Box-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Ten DAT —Morning 29 min.after 4 I Evening 50 rniu.aft. 4 To•Af ORROW —Morning 12 min.after 5 1 Evening 34 min.aft. 5 THE WEATHER.-SuN OFFICE, OCT. 7. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 54 —highest since noon yesterday. 51—lowest this morning and during the night. 57—this day at noon. BAROMETER, 29'48—rising ; has been down to 29'35. WIND, W. S. Vir. - Light airs, and fine weather ; rain in the night. .0 f. ), :,. pot LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1853. Englishmen, if only united, may mould the policy of their Government. The truth of this assertion is altogether indisputable. It is ad mitted even by our Administrators themselves. Only the other day, in fact, the country was assured by Lord PALMERSTON that the course pursued by the Earl of CLARENDON, in reference to the Russo-Turkish difficulty, might be rendered everything that could be desired if that Minister ~t were only supported, properly and energetically supported, by his fellow-countrymen. At the present jiu}cture the question, therefore, is—Will public opinion be at once so clearly announced that there can remain no chance of its being mis- apprehended by the Administration ? Fortu ,, liately even now the people have not been indif ferent to the merits of the quarrel between the SULTAN and the AUTOCRAT. In several parts of rthe provinces of this island the necessity of main taining the integrity of the Ottoman Empire, and I• • of, repelling the aggressive movements of the ' tipon Mo1(149-Wallachia, have been insisted upon loudly by the voice of popular de- monstrations. A considerable meeting, with a similar object in view, is, moreover, con -0/ irened for this very evening in the Metro The multitude, indeed, have instinct , tively felt that a great wrong has been attempted by Russia in the insult offered to the SULTAN, in the outrage to his sovereignty, and in the seizure • of • his Dantabiat Principalities. The intelligent community, in the United Kingdom have observed, '"' ivtith 'Seritimbnts , !)ltd admiration; the courageous ,; ataud,made by 1 4rkey against the designs of her lawless and colossal neighbour ; and have wit- ess' ea, With 'feelings of dismay, the timorous and ineffeetual .assistance accorded to the Sublime PogbY, the Four Powers through their blunder inghdiplomatists at the Vienna Conference. - It behoves the people of England, consequently, • as we, have again and yet again insisted so loudly and su'energetically, to express their opinions upon the important question at issue, that there cannot remain any uncertainty as to the nature of those opinions in the minds and hearts of the members of her Britannic MAJESTY'S Government. A Cabinet Council, it must be remembered, moreover, assembled only this afternoon for serious deliberation as to the course most advisable to be pursued by us under existing circumstances. So that a probability is afforded of some recognition before long by her MAJESTY'S Ministers of the precise tendency of the opinions entertained upon the Eastern Question by the great mass of the intelligent population. Happily, the period has gone by when a British Cabinet can venture for any length of time to palter with the wishes of the community, much less to run directly counter to those wishes, in a matter affecting the national reputation. It remains nowadays for the people to pronounce their views in tones of thunder, by demonstration after demonstration, and according to those views, sooner or later, will be fashioned the policy of the Imperial Government. Nothing is more obvious throughout the whole of this protracted discussion in regard to the real extent of the rights of the Turkish Sovereign than the utter incapacity of:the diplomatists represent ing the Four Powers in the Vienna Conference. This circumstance, just now above all others, is especially deserving, we take it, of the popular con sideration. Until that most mistaken conference commenced, ' the Ottoman Porte was in no way embarrassed by its allies "encumbering" it with their pacific assistance. Ever since then the posi-: tion of Turkey has been altogether different. The Divan has been hampered in its arrange ments. The SULTAN has been deprived of many golden opportunities of retaliation. He has been compelled, at enormous cost and to the extraor dinary detriment of the interests of his exchequer, to remain in a state of irksome inactivity with enormously increased armaments, both military and maritime, to support, with the Egyptian Con tingent upon his hands, and with the Russian troops settling down for their winter quar ters in the Danubian Principalities. He has long recognised the necessity for acting with promptitude. He has perceived the impera tive need of not allowing the autumn to glide by without bringing the matter on hand to some kind of settlement. Agitated by the fanaticism of the Turkish population, inspired by a bitter sense of outraged dignity, and burning for some chance of wreaking a deserved vengeance on the assailants of the unoffending Power of the Moslem, the Ministerial advisers of ABD-UL MEDJID have found themselves all a l ong i mpeded in action by the interference of the nominal allies of their SOVERRIQX They have been told—Wait, and the question will be satisfactorily arranged with Russia by the diplomatic mediation of the Ji Vienna Conference. And Turkey waited as de sired—prepared for war in the event of war proving at any moment inevitable, and yet ready to repose a magnanimous reliance upon the pacific assurances transmitted again and again by the Four Powers to Constantinople. Turkey waited and at length arrived that me morable Vienna Note which dashed the hopes of those : who had vainly counted upon the possibility of witnessing the promised pacification. Dis mayed by the atrocity and meanness of that pro posal of the Four Powers—a proposal which would have yielded more to the CZAR than the CZAR had ever demanded through his emissaries— i the Divan, nevertheless, consented to accept the suggestion of its allies, but upon one condi tion—that of the Vienna Note being amended by certain specified modifications. Those modifi cations were necessarily regarded as most reason able by the British and French Governments. They were, nevertheless, rejected by the Russian AUTOCRAT as wholly inadmissible, without com promising the dignity (1) of his Government. As if, forsooth, its dignity had not already been suffi ciently compromised! Howbeit, Russia stood re solutely by the Vienna Note in its original shape, while Turkey stood no less resolutely by her pre liminary modifications—and so it came to pass that there was another hitch in the movement of the diplomatic machinery, another dead lock in the progress of the pacific negotiations. Whereupon, fearing for the consequences of this new delay and unexpected difficulty, the allies of Turkey once more besought the SULTAN to tarry yet a brief while longer, addressing his Majesty, of course, through their Ambassadors at Constan tinople. ABD-UL-MEDJID'S reply was brief and characteristic. He summoned together the Grand National Council, consisting of the chief digni taries of his empire, a body only convened upon some such extraordinary occasions, at mo ments of extreme emergency. The Council was true to the honour of the Turkish Crown, and to the instincts of the Turkish population. It urged the SULTAN to a formal and immediate declaration of war. That recommendation was consonant with his own chivalric sentiments. The result is known—that result, the hurling down of the gauge of battle by Turkey at the foot of a lawless assailant, and in the presence of observant Chris tendom. Meanwhile the apologist of the ABERDEEN po licy, of the Vienna diplomacy, and of the designs of the AUTOCRAT are babbling about a further attempt at a bloodless reconciliation. They are actually talking about the propitious intelligence received from Oltnfitz and Warsaw, scenes of intrigue, where the Russian Emperor is adroitly luring Austria and Prussia from the conference. They are proclaiming, iu short, with matchless effrontery, that the real in tentions of the CZAR are eminently pacific in their character. Certainly, it must be recognised as wonderfully pacific—the course pursued by the great northern despot hitherto—the mission of MENSCHIKOFF—the march of GORTZCHAKOFF— the seizure of Moldo-Wallachia—and the haughty rejection of the Turkish modifications ! Can England any longer be deceived in this manner by the Earl of ABERDEEN and his creatures ? Deceived ! the word is too weak : we must resort to a coarser vocabulary for an epithet sufficiently expressive Can England any longer be thus flagrantly and impudently bamboozled by the Coalition Government? If working men may combine together, so as by united action to coerce their employer's, it is quite certain that the masters may in turn resort to the same weapon, and use it with terrific force against the malcontents. It is by no means im possible that the masters may " strike" in due course, and teach a bitter lesson to those who, not contented with almost unexampled prosperity and the enjoyment of unwonted comforts, are aiming at impossibilities, by endeavouring to produce a state of things that should necessarily terminate, and that at no very distant period, in the ruin of all parties concerned, of the workmen more certainly than of the employers. It is pain ful to think of the probable results of the contest on which the artizans and operatives throughout the entire country are so recklessly entering. Deplorable, indeed, will be the consequences to the wives and children of those who are now clamouring for an advance of 10 per cent. without forethought or consideration, and with out for a moment taking into account the state of the Money Market, the enhanced rate of interest, and the glut of the Australian and other markets. If the misery fell exclusively on the ringleaders, or even on the participators in the movement, it would not be so very lament able ; but it is the innocent parties who will be the chief sufferers ; it is the women and children who must undergo privations from which they have long been exempted, but which they must now be prepared to encounter, through the worse than folly of those who ought to be their protectors and guardians. Even of the men themselves many will be unwillingly drawn into the vortex. They will stick by their companions through a feeling of chivalrous honour (for high honour is to be found among the humble and lowly, as well as amongst the wealthy and great), but at the same time re gret the fatuity that has induced them to listen to such unwise councils, and to sacrifice their best interests in seeking after a phantom. The dog who lost the substance in grasping at the shadow was not more justly punished for his grasping cupidity, than the man who, while in the enjoyment of constant employment, at fair wages, surrenders both in the fruitless endeavour l i to obtain more than his master can afford to pay. " The labourer is (unquestionably) worthy of his hire." There is Scriptural authority for the maxim which no one would venture to deny, even if not enforced by so high a sanction. But the employer is in his own way a " labourer," and is no less entitled to the legitimate rewards of his industry and enterprise. If his profits were not proportioned to his responsibilities, to the care, anxiety, and risk inseparable from business, no person would be willing to embark therein. The mills would remain idle—the factories closed, if as high interest could be obtained for the use of capital embarked in other pursuits, involving less trouble and danger of ultimate loss. It may be regarded as a mere platitude to assert that the in terests of masters and labourers are one and in divisible—that anything which operates inju riously to the one class must also prejudicially affect the other. Commonplace though it be, it is not the less true. The greater the induce ments to parties to embark in trade, the larger will be the amount of capi tal invested, and, as a necessary consequence, the more urgent will be the demand for labour, and the higher the wages paid. When the mas ters are investing their surplus profits in stocks and shares, the workman will be accumulating in the savings bank some small provision for a rainy day ; but when, on the other hand, the master is resorting to the money lender, and bestowing " the lion's share" of his profits on those supply ing the means of keeping his hands occupied, the men may be well assured that ere long they them selves will be compelled to visit the pawnbroker's, and to dispense with some of their ordinary comforts. Now, nothing is so injurious to trade, nothing so discouraging to masters, as the discontented spirit that induce s men t o li s t en t o mischievous and designing scoundrels, who, for their own vile purposes, endeavour to bring the men into colli sion with their employers, and abandon their occupations en mass& " Strikes" are in variably attended with the worst results ; and we believe that we are justified in the assertion, that nothing can be more injurious to the interests of the men. than an unsuccessful strike, save and except one in which the em ployers have been obliged to succumb on every point, to yield to every demand, whether reason able or unreasonable. In the former case both parties will sustain severe losses. The master will have his machinery lying idle—his capital THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 7, 1853. making no return—while the dispute lasts. The men will at the same time lose their wages, or at the utmost obtain a small proportion from the contributions of other hands, which they will have to return, in, due season, with exorbitant interest, applying the money that might be usefully ex pended for their families to the support of mis chievous agitators, who care nothing for the misery endured by their victims so long as they themselves are enabled to live in luxurious idleness at the expense of their dupes. When the dispute is brought to a conclusion both parties will have their feelings embittered, and a considerable time must elapse before the restoration of perfectly , amicable relations. Such are the results of a strike, where the men have been foiled, and the victory remains with the masters. From that they may recover, but at the expense of much suffering and distress. But the consequences of a success ful strike are fatal. The defeated master sees that it will be impossible to carry on business with any reasonable prospect of profit on the terms imposed on him by his workmen. He yields for the moment ; but, while doing so, is making his arrangements for abandoning his business, and carrying his skill and enterprise, and his remaining capital, to some place where they can be applied on better terms ; and the hands, on the cessation of the works, will have bitter reason to lament the temporary triumph that they achieved. Would that the true state of the case could be understood, while there is yet time, by the ope ratives throughout the country. Already the masters are taking the necessary steps, not merely to defeat any strike that may be attempted, but to take the initiative themselves, and close their establishments until their men come to their senses. The course adopted at Preston will be generally followed, and the masters will take care that some do not keep open, so that a portion of the wages which they pay may be diverted from its legitimate use to the support of the disaffected workmen. Many of these masters will doubtless be glad of the excuse thus afforded of curtailing their expenses during the trying times that are approaching. Let the workmen, if they are not hopelessly insane, retrace their footsteps while there is yet time, and before esta blishments are closed, which, if there be a total cessation of work, may not re-open when their hands are no longer capable of holding out, and are willing to make humiliating and unconditional submission. ARCTIC EXPEDITION. DISCOVERY OF THE NORTH WEST PASSAGE. RETURN OF COMMANDER INGLEFIELD. Commander Inglefield, who it will be remem bered, was dispatched in her Majesty's steam-ship Phoenix in the spring of the year with sup plies for Sir Edward Belcher's squadron, arrived at the Admiralty to-day, having left the Phcenix, at Thurso, N. 8., Commmander Highfield, bringing no intelligence of Sir John Franklin's expedition. He has, however, succeeded in depositing supplies as directed, and we are happy to say is accom panied by Lieut. Creswell of the Investigator, with despatches from Commander M‘Lure, thus enabling us to satisfy the public and the friends of those embarked in the Investigator, concerning which ship considerable anxiety had existed as to her safety. The Breadalbane transport, which accompanied the Phoenix, was totally wrecked by a nip of the ice—crew saved and brought home in the Phcenix. It is concluded from Sir Ed ward Belcher's dispatches that that officer would endeavour to retrace his steps this season to Beeehy Island to winter. It is further to be gathered from these dis patches, that Lieutenant Cresswell had completed the passage between the two oceans, having passed into the Arctic Sea by Behring's Straits, and re turning home by Davis' Straits. Admiralty, Oct. 7, 1853. [We are indebted to the kindness of the autho rities at the Admiralty for the above important anouncement.—En. SUN.] RUSSIA AND AUSTRIA. LATEST FOREIGN NEWS. FRANCE. The 30,000 men, whom it has already been stated the French Government have decided to hold in readiness to send to Constantinople, are to be com posed of 10,000 men from the troops in Algeria, and the rest from the home troops, principally those who were lately at the camp of flelfaut. The number which England is to furnish in her turn will not be, it is said, more than 10,000, who are to be embarked at several of the Channel ports. No intelligence has as yet been received in Paris to confirm the fact of Turkey having made a decla ration of war on Russia. Some suc step is, how ever, considered imminent, and the greatest unea siness continues to prevail there. The French Government appears to look on it as certain that precautionsry measures must be taken against the eventualities which may arise in other parts of Europe, should hostilities break out in Turkey. It is with this view that a corps of 18,000 men is being organized in the towns of the south of France to be embarked at Toulon to reinforce the army of occupation of Rome should such a course seem necessary. The Moniteur says that the report which has been current for some days, of an approaching modification of the Ministry, is entirely without foundation. " Some foreign journals," says the Pays, "an nounce that General de Goyon, aide-de-camp to the Emperor, had proceeded to Warsaw, on the invitation of the Emperor of Russia. This is not true. It may be remembered that the Emperor of Austria had designated Field-Marshal Prince Ja blonowski and some superior officers of his army to be present at the military manoeuvres of Satory. Prince Jablonowski was, besides, charged to com pliment his Majesty in the name of his Sovereign. It was in return for this proof of courtesy that General de Goyon was sent to Olmutz to bear to the Emperor Francis-Joseph the expression of the sentiments of friendship of the Emperor Napoleon. That mission having been terminated, General de Goyon left the Austrian camp to return to Paris." It has already been stated that more than 800 Poles have inscribed their names at the Turkish Embassy, and offered their services to the Porte in the event of a war with Russia. The Presse now publishes a letter addressed to Reschid Pacha, by M. Christian Ostrowski, and written in the name of his fellow-countrymen, repeating this offer to the Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs. At the meeting of the Directors of the Bank of France yesterday, it was resolved to raise the rate of discount of commercial bills, and the interest on advances of money, to 4 per cent. The increased rate of discount is to take place to-morrow. The establishment of a branch bank at Nevers was sub sequently agreed to. The Bourse opened with much firmness yester day, and the speculators did not appear to be so panic-stricken as on Wednesday. The Three per Cents. opened at 72f. 50c., and rose to 73f., but some heavy sales made at half-past 2 o'clock forced them down to '72f. 60c., at which they closed for the end of the month. The Four-and-a-Half per Cents. closed at 99f. 75c. ; Orleans Railway shares, 1,135 f. ; Rouen, I,ooof. ; Havre, 482 f. 50c. ; Great Northern, 817 f. 50c. ; Paris and Strasburg, 890 f. ; Paris and Lyons, 875 f. ; Lyons to the Mediter ranean, 700 f. ; Western of France, 695 f. ; Bor deaux and Cette, 580 f. ; Great Central, 505 f. ; Lyons and Geneva, 490 f. ; Shares of the Bank of Credit Mobilier, 687 f. 50c. TO THE IiCDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—Allow me to draw the attention of the public to one fact, which, although trivial in ap pearance, in the present state of affairs may exer cise a very important influence in the conduct of France in the Russo-Turkish question. . . _ - The Emperors of Austria and Russia are evi dently cultivating a friendly feeling by personal interview, but our ally, the Emperor Napoleon, receives nothing but the formal communication through his Excellency the British Ambassador. The powers of Europe, with few exceptions, have recognised his empire, but not one, I believe, of the reigning families have invited him to their domestic hearths. Our most gracious Queen cultivated the friend ship of Louis Philippe and family, why not that of Louis Napoleon. The very fact of his Empress (not oue of the reigning families) being received into her society would be an act at once gracious and polite, and calculated to produce a very good effect on our future relations with oar nearest neighbours.—Yours obediently, JOHN BULL. CHARGE OF LIBEL AGAINST A CLERGYMAN. BOW-STREET—THIS DAY.—The Rev. Wade Mar tin, Meara, who was described in the charge-sheet as a clergyman of the' Church of England, was brought up on a warrant, before Mr. Jardine, "for having circu lated and published a wilful, malicious, and scandalous libel upon the character of the lady of the Hon. Craven Fitzhardinge Berkeley, M.P." Mr. Bodkin conducted the prosecution. The defendant was unrepresented by counsel. The Hun. C. F. Berkeley stated that he resided in St. James's-place. In March last he received, by post, an envelope containing a printed circular. It was ad dressed to witness at Berkeley-house, Spring-gardens, the residence of his brother, and was forwarded to wit ness at Brook's Club. The printed circular was ad dressed, appaiently, to the eldest brother of Mr. Craven Berkeley, and contained the foulest aspersions upon his character. Mrs. Berkeley was a daughter of the late General Onslow ; and at the time of her marriage with witness, she was the widow of the late Mr. Newton. The envelope containing the libellous circular was sent from abroad, and had the Boulogne post-stamp upon it. Mr. Jardine— Do you know the defendant's hand writing ? Witness—Yes, I have seen it ; and lam satisfied that the address upon the envelope is written by him, although he has evidently attempted to disguise the writing. The Defendant—Have you ever seen me write, sir ? Witness—No, but on a late occasion, when you were before the magistrates at Winchester, and were required to give sureties of peace in consequence of what took place in Ottobourn church, near Cranbury-park, I saw two letters, which you admitted to be in your hand writing, and from my recollection of them I am enabled to speak confidently on the subject. . The defendant—l can satisfy your worship that the writing is not mine, by sending for Mr. Clark Smith, of 36, Southampton-street, who knows my writing well. I did not say that the letters produced at Winchester were mine. I neither acknowledged nor denied them. Mr. Jardine said it was a charge which he could not deal with summarily, and therefore the question of the handwriting must be determined by a jury. Mr. Bodkin handed up the envelope and letter for the private inspection of the magistrate, stating that it was of such a nature that he felt justified in with holding it from the public eye. The Hon. Mr. Berkeley had been for a long time subject to these annoyances from the defendant, who married into the family against their wishes, and, consequently, , had not been received by them. Mr. Berkeley had no desire to press with undue severity against the defendant, but as he had already evaded a former warrant by absenting himself from the country, he trusted that good and sub stantial bail would be required. The defendant said he had given high sureties in the former case, and it was a breach of the arrangement to proceed with the present charge. He could not get high sureties. Mr. Jardine committed him to Newgate, fixing the bail at 2001. (his own recognizance) and two sureties at 1001. each. THE EARL OF DERBY.—The Mayor of Liverpool, Mr. Samuel Holme,entertained the Earl of Derby and a distinguished party at a private banquet in the Liver pool Town-hall, on last Wednesday evening. The fol lowing are the names of some of the guests :—The Earl of Derby, Sir John Heron Maxwell, Bart., the Hon. Henry Thomas Liddell, M.P., Mr. William Brown, M.P., Mr. Lawrence Heyworth, M.P., Sir Edward Cust, Sir John Bent, Admiral Grenfell, and Archdeacon Brooks. as far as Bregenz, and its junction with the Swiss ; APPALLING RAILWAY ACCIDENT, lines. ITALY. The Venice Gazette publishes a sentence of the 27th ult., by the Court-martial of Vicenza, con demning three persons to various periods of mili tary arrest, and one to death for possession of arms ; one to eight months' arrest in irons for re sistance to the revenue officers, and the wounding of one of them ; one to six months' arrest in irons for disturbing the public peace by inflammatory speeches, and one to five years' hard labour in irons .for the crime of insurrection. All these punishments have, however, been considerably mitigated by the commandant at Vicenza, the man condemned to death being considered suf ficiently punished by his five months' previous imprisonment, and the punishment of the last on the list reduced to three years' hard labour. The Milan Gazette of the 30th ult. publishes a sentence pronounced by the Court-martial of that city, condemning a cheesemonger named Ale, aged 47, having a wife and six children, to death, for having kept a musket, a pistol, and some cart ridges in a concealed place ; and a peasant, aged 64, having also a wife and six children, to the same punishment, for secreting a pistol. • These punishments have been commuted by Marshal Radetzky, for the former, into two years' hard labour in irons, and for the latter into three months of military arrest. The same paper of the Ist contains further sentences upon three persons ; one of these has been condemned to four years' hard labour in irons for having arms in his posses sion ; and another to six months' military arrest for high treason of the second degree ; the third has been provisionally set at liberty for want of sufficient evidence. A terrific accident, followed by a lamentable loss of life, took place on Wednesday evening on the Great Southern and Western line at Straffan, within a few miles of the Dublin terminus. The following succinct account of the tragic occurrence is furnished by the Freeman's Journal : " One of the most appalling accidents that it has ever been our sad duty to record occurred last evening on the Great Southern and Western Railway, about half a mile beyond the Straffan station. A passenger train, up from Killarney and the south, that was due in Dublin about six o'clock p.m., was brought to a standstill between the Sallins and Straffan stations, owing, we believe, to some defect in the engine. Mr. Croker Barrington, the solicitor to the company, who was a passenger by the train (and who was accompanied by Mrs. Barrington) got out, and directed one of the railway servants to go down the line with a danger signal, as there was a heavy cattle and luggage train following. The man departed accordingly with a red (danger) lamp. He had been gone about 12 or 15 minutes when the red lamps in front of the cattle train were seen approaching. It was taken for granted that it was coming along at a slow speed, for the line was straight, and its pace could not be judged, and in consequence of this unhappy confidence some persons who had got out of the carriages of the passenger train re-entered them, fearing lest their en gine might be got into motion and that they would be left behind, and feeling satisfied that the danger signal had been observed by the driver. Scarcely had they done so, however, when the cattle train ran at full speed into them, going clean through a first-class carri age that was last in the passenger train, and driving the remainder into a heap of ruins. The third carriage from the front of the passenger train, a second-class carriage, broke up and turned over, burst ing the powerful iron links which held it to the carriage immediately before it. The impulse given to the two forward carriages thus freed was so tremendous that the roof was cut clean off the one next the ruined train, and it actually fell upon the spot which the carriage had just before }occupied, the unroofed carriage with the one before it, the tender, and the engine, being sent flying along the line, which they traversed for nearly three quarters of a mile before they stopped, passing the Straffan station about a quarter of a mile. Of the pas sengers in those two carriages scarcely any escaped with out serious injury. Two were killed, two men were not likely to survive the night, and five or six were badly injured, all having broken limbs or serious contu sions. Among the less seriously hurt was Mrs. Bar rington' the wife of Mr. Croker Barrington, th e soli citor. Of the killed, the only names we have as yet ascertained were Mr. Jelly, of Maryborough, and Mr. Egan, of Birr. " Among the passengers was Captain James Collis, the commander of the Times steamer, on which the fatal accident occurred a few months back off the Pigeon house Fort by the bursting of the boiler plate, and whose activity and humane conduct upon the occasion elicited so much praise. Captain Collis got out of the train when it came to a stand. He had for some time pre viously been thinking that all was not right with the engine, for the train was 11 minutes behind its time at Sallins, and when it stopped it was about a half-mile short of the station at Straffan. His example was fol lowed by a few other gentlemen, but only four—viz., Mr. Connor, of Newbridge ; Mr. Kelly, of the same place ; Mr. Leitch, of Armagh ; and an English gen tleman, whose name he did not ascertain, remained upon the embankment with him. The others all un fortunately returned to their carriages. " And here a most melancholy episode occurred. The English gentleman was accompanied by his sister, his wife (a beautiful young lady of 21), and their child, an infant of about nine months. A passenger, a Mr. Jelly, of Maryborough, had got out of the carriage in which the two English ladies and the baby were, and stood talking with Captain Collis, but on seeing the cattle train coming along, he got in again, and stood in the doorway watching its approach. The ladies got alarmed on hearing that the train was coming, and wanted to get out, but the English gentleman advised them to stay as they were, and he was about to get in himself, and was only waiting for Mr. Jelly to get out of the door way when the collision took place. Mr. Jelly was in- staitly decapitated, both his legs cut off, and - his body torn to pieces. The ladies were both killed, and the agony of the unfortunate husband and brother when he cast himself upon the lifeless body of his young wife was quite indescribable. The baby was extricated from un der its unhappy mother and aunt, and was living. " When Captain Collis saw the train approaching he checked the other gentlemen who were about to enter the carriages, and advised them to wait, as there was no calculating the speed at which a train, end on, was approaching.' He glanced along the shining part of the rails, and observed by the glitter of the reflection from the lamp that the speed was full. The train was then within a couple of hundred yards. He at once shouted `My God ! she's coming at full speed ! Look out I look out !" and, turning round, he , sprang over the wire fence into the field. Mr. Leitch followed his example, but fell. Mr. Connor and Mr. Kelly threw themselves on their faces, having no time to retreat. Captain Collis, having gained the field, looked round and saw the scene we have described. When the engine came to a standstill in the midst of the ruin he jumped back again, and ran with Messrs. Leitch, Kelly, and Connor to assist the wounded. They had dragged a few out, and all who were able to move had congregated round the shattered train to render aid. When he noticed the violent throb bings of the engine, he sang out for the engineer, who was helping to extricate some passengers, and bid him instantly jump on the engine and blow off the steam, or they would have an explosion that would destroy them all. The engineer did as he was ordered, and thus the lives, in all probability, of even more than had been sacrificed by the collision, were preserved. Captain Collis, having seen 14 dead bodies, and having helped to extricate about 50 wounded people—a labour which occupied some hours—arrived in town about midnight. It is to him we are indebted for the dreadful narrative. " Captain Collis said—After passing the Sallins sta tion, the engine went slowly, and stopped about half a mile short of the Straffan station ; it remained stationary about 15 minutes. Five passengers got out with me, Mr. Jelly, of Maryborough ; Mr. Connor, of Newbridge ; Mr. Kelly, of the same place ; a Scotch gentleman, Mr. Leitch, from Armagh ; and an English gentleman, whose name I did not ascertain. He was in too much trouble for me to ask him after all was over, for he lost his pretty young wife and his sister. Mr. Croker Barrington, the solicitor to the company, who was riding in a first-class carriage next the engine, got out and sent one of the railway servants (the stoker I think it was) down the line with a red lamp to stop the luggage and cattle train that we knew was about half an hour behind us. We were, however, 11 minutes behind our time at Sallins. He had been gone about 10, or from that to 15 minutes, when we saw the lights of the cattle train approaching. We all thought, of course, it was coming along quite slow. Mr. Jelly stepped into his carriage, stopped in the doorway, and looked out. The English gentleman's wife and sister were behind Mr. Jelly, and they wanted to get out, but he bid them not stir, as he wanted to get in. Mr. Kelly was going to step into his carriage also, when I said, Stop a little, there is no hurry. The train won't go without some warning, and, at all events, you and I are active enough to jump out if it should. But just wait till this train comes up. Oh,' he said, it is merely walking up to us ;' but, nevertheless, he waited. I stepped close to the line and cast my eye along, when I saw by the reflection of the light upon the shining rails that it was coming at full speed, and I heard by the beat of the engine that the steam was not eased off. I at once shouted ()lA—' Good God she is coming at full speed ; look out, look out ;' and I jumped over the wire fence into the field, and looked round me. I saw the cattle train run right into the last carriage of the passenger train—indeed, through it. In an in stant all was a pile of ruin. I ran back, and saw the driver of the cattle train, who se emed horrified at T ee h frightful calamity. I asked him, was he hurt ? He plied, ' No, but I'll [never get over it.' He then pro. ceeded to assist the wounded passengers. I perceived that the steam -was being generated, and that in a minute more we would all be b town away by the explosion of the engine, and I sang out for the engineer and bid him blow off the steam. He did so, and then we set to work. The first, sight I came on was the bodies of two women quite dead. They lay on the bank as if they had been shot out of the door. Near them was a priest or friar, or monk. He was quite dead, lying cbga to the rails, as if he had been thrown against the embankment and had rebounded back. I next saw a man both of whose thighs were broken across. Messrs. Kelly and Connor and I pulled him out from under the ruins of the carriages. He. was living, and we laid him upon the bank. We were then attracted by the cries of a lady, whose hand was jammed between the carriages. Her sister lay near her, either dead or insensible. After labouring very hard for some time we failed to extricate them, and had to turn to others while more assistance was being procured. From a heap of ruins, where we saw shawls, hats, and handkerchiefs, we next got out a lady, greatly disfigured, but still alive. We then came to the body of Mr. Jelly, which could hardly be recog nised, his head being torn and smashed off—his legs both cut off—his body torn up, and his clothes torn all off him. I adjusted his clothes, and we put the body aside, and from near him we got out the bodies of the English gentleman's wife and sister. Poor fellow 1 He threw himself madly upon the body of his wife, and kissed her frantically, and then we got the little baby, from under her and the aunt's clothes, alive. We then went to the first-class carriage that had been first struck by the engine, and there we saw the bodies of two ladies, apparently cut in two at the waist . They were so jammed in that we could not get at them. Near them was the body of another lady, whose dress only we could see, she was so bruised in the ruins. The e br w ok a e s n l b y o in t g h h u i n s d l e i r ttl t e he leg ax s, le a t n re d e w of as a cr i e s of a little boy then attracted me. H e was a b out l'yairnrgiaga:ross them. With great difficulty we go t hi m eight yearwsboiledb had . out by raising the axle with a crowbar. I then re turned with more help to the two ladies one of whose hands was jammed, and we got them out. I don't know whether the insensible lady was dead or not, but I think she was. We laid her on the bank. The other was not much hurt. We next discovered the body of a very large man under the train. His head was cut off and gone. We found no trace of it. Both his legs were cut off also from the thighs down. We got out the re mains and placed them on the bank. I was at this time a good deal exhausted, having worked very hard. Sir Ed ward Kennedy now came up. He had been a passenger in the carriage next the engine, whiclihad been shot on by the collision past Straffan station. He had escaped unhurt, and had rendered every assistance to the pas sengers in those two carriages, which, with the engine, had been sent on by the concussion. He then returned down the line to help there, and took the command from me, to my great relief, for I was quite worn out. I cannot tell you how hard he worked, as also did those gentlemen whose names I have mentioned, and, indeed, every one, railway people, country people, and all. I broke off a piece of a carriage and helped to make a litter of it, on which we placed a lady who had her two legs broken, and the English gentleman's little child, and took them to a house convenient. Sir Edward Kennedy sent for a doctor and a priest at once. Seeing that some people were picking up carpet-bags, I suggested the ne cessity of the luggage being guarded, which was at once done. Messrs. Kelly, Connor, Leitch and I then walked on to Straffan, thinking we had seen all the damage, and not knowing about the two carriages that had been shot away. At the station we found a Mr. Roe, who had escaped in one of those carriages, and who was very active in rendering assistance. In the stationroom eight or nine people were lying side by side. One of them seemed dead. I placed my hand on his forehead and found that he was dead. He was a Mr. Egan, of Birr. I said he was dead, and his body was at once removed, and the gentleman died soon after. A priest was hearing the confession of another, who evidently had very few moments left him in this world. The dead bodies were removed from the room. Mrs. Barrington was lying in another room in the station, very badly hurt I heard. One of the ladies I saw at the station had her chest broken in. I don't think she would live till morning. Several had their legs broken. One servant boy, who was very badly hurt, had been sent by Sir Edward Ken nedy, on his own car, to some hospital in the neigh bourhood. There was a medical gentleman present who was doing all in his power to alleviate the sufferings of the wounded. I believe there were several medical gen tlemen, but lam not sure of more than one. The Hon. E. Lawless was there working very hard ; and there was one young man, a dealer, named John Rooney, who was going down in the Kilkenny train when he heard of the accident at the station. He at once threw up his passage, quitted the down train, and set to work to help the sufferers in a most extraordinary manner. Such vigour and kindness and gentleness as he exhibited could not be surpassed. A train was got ready about half past 10 o'clock, and by it I came to town. We arrived at the King's-bridge terminus about 12 o'clock. Neither the driver nor stoker of the cattle train was injured." THE CHOLERA. NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. Deaths on the 6th of October : Cholera ... Diarrhoea.. The total number of deaths from cholera and diarrhoea in Newcastle during the present outbreak has been 1,438. In the same period (viz., the first 35 days) during the prevalence of epidemic cholera there in 1831-2 the number of deaths was 255. GATESHEAD. Died on the sth of October : Cholera The total number of deaths from cholera and diarrhea in Gateshead to the present date has been 387. During the like period (viz., the first 29 days) in 1831-2, the deaths amounted to 141. Shopkeepers often grumble at paying rates for the improvement of the health of a town ; but there is riot a shopkeeper'in Newcastle, looking no farther than hie till, but would have paid three times the amount of rate he has been accustomed to pay, if cholera could have been kept out of the town ; as the following fact will show :—During five days that the cholera was raging in that town, the proprietor of a leviathan drapery, esta blishment was 8001. short of his ordinary receipts. There is not a shopkeeper in the town but has suffered in the same proportion. The same is told of the town of Hexham. THE FAIRS.—The Mayor of Sunderland has g iven notice that in consequence of the prevalence of cholera in the district, the fair in that town is postponed. The authorities have also prohibited the holding of Houghton.- le-Spring feast. THE BREWERS.—Since the outbreak of the cholera in Newcastle there has been an almost entire cessation in the consumption of malt liquors. During the past two or three days, housewives have been unable to procure yeast to bake their bread with. SPAIN. The Madrid Gazette, of the Ist, contains a royal decree uniting in one administration the depart ments of the direct and indirect taxes, under the title of " General Direction of Taxes," M. Pablo de Cifuerites, president of the commission for winding up the affairs of the credits of the Treasury which are in arrear, is placed at the head of this new department. The adjudication of the works to be executed on the railway from Socuellanos to Ciudad Real, took place on September 30. Only two tenders were sent in, one from M. Antonio Alvarez, and the other from M. de Salamanca, who had arrived the night before from Paris. This latter having proposed a diminution of 250,000 reals per league on the sum fixed by the Minister of Public Works, that is to say, 2,350,000 reals in place of 2,600,000 was declared to have obtained the execution of the works. The Count de Chambord is now at Brunnsee, with the Duchess of Berri. The Count de Molina (Don Carlos) is also there. The Three per Cents. were done at 42 ; the New Three per Cents., at 22f ; the Debt of the first class, at 9-4 : and that of the second, at 5. AMERICA. SOUTHAMPTON, THURSDAY EVENING. By the United States Mail Steam-ship Franklin, James A. Wotton, commander, which touched off Cowes this evening on her way to Havre, we have dates from New York to the 24th ult. The Frank lin has about 100 passengers, 19 of whom are for Havre, and on freight for France 1,700 barrels of flour, and specie valued at 300,000 dots. The Africa arrived out on the 22d ult. The yellow fever continued to rage with great virulence on the plantations, and in the various towns of Louisiana, Mississippi, tVc., but the epi demic was rapidly decreasing at New Orleans and Mobile. The accounts respecting the crops in Louisiana, Texas, and the other Southern States, were very favourable. An immense and enthusiastic public meeting was held at the Metropolitan-hall, New York, on the 22d ult., for the purpose of votinc , a testimonial to Captain Ingraham, of the United ° States sloop-of war St. Louis, in appreciation of his gallant con duct in rescuing the Hungarian, Kossta, from the Austrian frigate in Smyrna harbour. The hall was densely crowded. French, Italian, German, Hun garian, Swiss, and Cuban exiles gathered in im mense numbers, marshalled under their respective revolutionary. banners. The speeches, delivered in French, Spanish, German, and Slavonian, elicited tremendous applause, and the demonstration was of a most effective character. Dates from Havannah to the 13th ult. announce that, owing to the high price of freights, there were no extensive operations in sugar, although the article was in much demand. Exchange on London was 111 to 114 premium. The Cunard screw steam-ship Andes arrived at Boston, from Liverpool, on the 22d ult. On the 11th ult. she encountered a tremendous hurricane, during which Mr. John Maxwell, the second mate, was washed overboard and drowned, and Captain Hutchins was so badly injured that he died the same afternoon. Telegraphic dispatches from Washington state that General Almoute, the Mexican Minister, had received intelligence of large discoveries of gold on the Rio Mescala, which is on the route of the Mexican Ocean Mail and Inland Company. Thou sands of Mexicans were flocking thither. Late news from New Mexico, 'via New Orleans, states that five companies of United States' troops, which left New York under General Garland, had arrived at Santa Fe in good health. Governor Mereweather had arrived out, and had been inau gurated. A terrible encounter is reported to have taken place in the mountains near El Paso between a party of 14 Americans, and some 200 Apaches, in which 11 of the Americans were killed. The United States' Dragoons stationed near the spot were too few in number to render any assistance in repelling the Indians. The American Consul at El Paso had asserted his belief that very little resistance would be offered in the event of an at tack upon Mesilla Valley by General Garland and his forces. The last accounts from Texas deny the reports of the hostile disposition and movements of the Mexicans, and declare that more friendly feelings never existed between the people of the two countries. Commodore Vanderbilt's steam-yacht the North Star arrived at New York on the 23d from her European trip. Since leaving New York the North Star has steamed upwards of 15,000 miles, and a full description of all the wonders Commo dore Vanderbilt saw and did in Europe during his tour is published in ithe New York Herald in the shape of a diary, which appears to have been kept on board by some of the members of his pleasure party. The Herald, in summing up the voyage, says " Since the 26th of August the Commodore and hie friends touched at points of Asia, Africa, and Europe, and when they landed in America they accomplished the feat of visiting a part of the four quarters of the globe in 26 days. During her absence the North Star astonished John Bull, was admired by the Russian Court, gazed at by the Sultan, and frightened the Pope, which completes a series of incidents unequalled in the history of even Yankee ships." Telegraphic accounts from Washington of the 23d ult. state that.the reply of the Cabinet to the Austrian protest on the Kossta affair would be published in a few days, and would fully come up to public expectation. Mr. Marcy, it is said, has long since taken occasion to communicate to the United States' Minister in London the President's views on Lord John Russell's dispatch relating to Cuba. The position of the Administration is de cided, and does not differ materially from the views propounded by Mr. Everett, the late Secretary. The European news received at New York by the Africa had depressed the stock market of that city. A greater stringency of the money market was by some expected. Bankers' bills on London, at 60 days, were firm at 1094. The importation of d r y goods for the week ending the 24th ult. was in amount twice as much as during the corresponding period of last year, and exceeded anything ever known in the trade, both in extent and value. The flour and grain markets had advanced in conse quence of the news per the Africa, with an active demand. Barrel flour advanced 12ic. to 18c. per barrel, and wheat 2c. to 3c. per bushel ; corn was held more firmly. Canadian flour steady; Southern flour better ; rye flour firm. Cotton without mate rial change, the middling and higher qualities being firmly held, while the lower qualities were more freely offered. Scotch pig iron steady ; lead firm. In provisions, pork rather firmer ; beef firm. In wood rather more active. In freights, 40,000 bushels of wheat were taken to Liverpool at Bd. to 9d. ;to Glasgow, at 94d. A British ship was also taken up for Falmouth, and orders, at 13d. for wheat. FREE PASSAGES TO AMERIOA.—On the occasion of the last performance of Mr. Henry Russell's entertainment at the Lyceum Theatre, on Saturday night, he came forward after the conclusion of the first part, .andin formed the house, which was crowded to excess in every part, even to the passages and lobbies, that it was his intention, although it had not be en publicly announced, to make them a little present, as some acknowledgment for the great patronage bestowed on him, which should, at the choice of the audience, be either one free passage to Australia or three free passages to America. The verdict having been given in favour of the latter, the prizes were awarded to the full satisfation of the audience. at the close of the performance, to three working men occupying seats in the pit and galery, one of whom, a carpenter, is at ipresent at work at the new Crystal Palace at Sydenham. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. The French and English Governments have each addressed a note to the Russian Government on the non-acceptance of the Turkish modifications. These notes are said to be couched in decided terms, and reply very forcibly to the last note of M. de Nesselrode. The following telegraphic despatch was received at Paris yesterday : " Berlin, Oct. G. " The King of Prussia will return here to-mor row. " It is thought that he will be accompanied by the Emperor Nicholas." A telegraphic despatch, received to-day, an nounces the arrival of the French Channel squadron at Cherbourg. A Vienna correspondent of the Czas Polish pa per says, that the object of the journey of the two monarchs to Warsaw is simply to strengthen the affiance already existing between Russia, Prussia, and Austria, not only against all revolutionary movements, but also against any demonstrations that the Western Powers may possibly make. This is doubtless nearer the truth. From Beyrout, Sept. 30, we learn that there have been riots in the province of Naplouse. Two hundred persons were killed, and quite as many were wounded. The authorities had not the power to interfere. The Christian population of the Le banon is in a state of anarchy, and the Druses re fuse to obey the Government. " The Solon," says the Bulletin de Paris "has carried the order to the admirals at Besika Bay to pass the Dardanelles. This measure will not modify the situation which had already been marked by the anchoring of the frigates before Con stantinople, but it will complete it. The fleets are to enter the Bosphorus the 7th inst. They will not anchor at the Golden Horn, on account of the number of merchant vessels there, but will be a short distance from it." The Presse says :—" The part which England and France will perform in the Eastern question is thus traced out :—To circumscribe the war, at which they will be present as juges de camp ; to oppose supplies being furnished to the Russian army by sea ; in the event, less than ever probable, of a vic tory of the Russians over the Turks, to prevent by force if necessary, the Russians from crossing the line of the Danube and of the Balkans; to maintain the European equilibrium such as it has been established by treaties. The most affable un derstanding exists not only between the English and French governments, butalso between the comman ders-in-chief of the two squadrons. Admiral Hamelin, being older than Admiral Dundas, the latter has courteously offered to place himself un der the orders of the former." A letter from Constantinople of the 22d ult., in a Vienna journal, asserts that it is stated that M. Argyropolo, first interpreter of the Russian Em bassy, has received a mission to treat privately with the Divan on certain difficult points, and without communicating anything to the French and English ambassadors. From this it would appear that Russia wishes to arrange her differ ences with the Sublime Porte without the inter vention of any foreign power. The Hospodars of Moldavia and Wallachia have, it is said, announced to the Divan that they are ready to pay the tri bute. Another letter of the same date, in the National Gazette of Berlin, says :—" Omer Pacha is now at the head of 104,000 men, between the line of Do brudscha (south of the Danube) and Widdin. Silistria, Varna, Rustjuck, and Schumla are well fortified, and numerous detached forts have been raised on the frontier of the Caucasus. Before the end of the month, Omer Paella will have a reinforcement of 10,000 men, and before the winter he may have 150,000 men under his orders. It appears that the Russians do not cal culate on crossing the Danube above Modschin, but on the two points of Widdin and Isackdjihi ; they give the preference to the former place, because it is close to the frontier of Servia. Isackdjihi is an advantageous spot, as the Danube there divides itself into several arms. The Rus sians have already constructed a permanent bridge from their fortress of Ismail to the island of Dscheddal." The Wanderer of Vienna states on the authority of a letter from Sophia, of the 22d ult., that Prince Gortchakoff has given very strict orders for the course to be pursued if his outposts should be attacked by the Turks, as there was reason to believe might be the case under the influence of fanaticism. It is added, however, that rigid di rections have been given by Omer Pacha to the officers of the Turkish outposts to prevent their men from firing a gun without his orders. The A ugsbtcrgh Gazette states from Trebisond that extensive preparations of defence are being made in that town. Redoubts and entrenchments have been thrown up. Every one is called on to take part ix the works, and the Christians, and even the priests and the archbishop, do so. GERMANY. ♦ '' The' New Prussian Gazette , of the 3d, says : " The King left Potsdam yesterday for Warsaw, to be present at the manceuvres of the troops assem bled there. His Majesty will proceed direct to Ratibor, where he will await the arrival of the Emperor of Austria, who left Vienna on the same evening. From Ratibor the two monarchs will travel together, and will arrive at Warsaw this evening. On the first day there will be a grand review. The King of Prussia is accompanied by his aides-de-camp, Colonel Scheeler, Lieut.-Colonel Baron de Mauteuffel, and Count de Munster de Meinhoevael, and by his physician, Dr. Grunn. General de Lindheim will join the suite of his Ma jesty at Ratibor. It is said that the journey of the King was in consequence of a pressing invita tion from the Czar." _ _ _ A letter from Lindau, in Bavaria, of the 30th ult., says :—" The news has been received here that the Bavarian Government is about to enter into negotiations with Austria relative to the con tinuation of the railway from Augsburg to Linclau LONDON. A fatal case occurred in the York-road, Waterloo-road , on the 3d instant ; one also at the bottom of Stangste: street, Westminster. Since the beginning of the Feel" week several deaths have taken place in the low filtbi courts and streets in the borough ; a n d th ere h as b ee n • large increase of bowel complaints in several districts. The local authorities of St. George the Martyr evil much zeal in using the power in their hand s t o a b a te O f removable nuisances, and in improving the condition 0 . their parish. They have appointed their medical offinef 4 to act as sanitary inspectors of their respective distrin 9 ; and are prepared to increase the staff at once whenecn it may appear advisable. Unfortunately their exertion:, are most seriously impeded by causes over which t 1 have little or no control. The monster nuisance iS horrible condition of the principal sewers. The sewer in Friar-street, six feet high and tbr wide, is no better than a huge lengthened ces s poolf e the vilest descripti on , c h o k e d w i th black mud, t"ii effluvia from whi c h p o ll u t e t h e atmosphere all rourl Already many persons h ave l os t t h eir lives from ti, d effluvia poisonous air with which this rece pt ac l e i s continua'( charged. The stench is frequently so overpowerii that even the inmates of the Bench Prison are of to keep their windows shut. The evil is not a little f c reased by the noxious ex h a l at i ons from the yarci; bone boilers, wholesale butchers, and other nirt - n trades carried on in th e m id st of a crowded popttlaP°- without regulation or restraint. t he The great d e fi c i ency of the water supply in Borough, while it is a serious privation to many of t o poorer classes, adds to the difficulty of cleansing 0 , streets and ya r d s , and to the removal of nu i sa nc: Several of th e crow d ed courts have only a single taP the use of all the inhabitants, who are thus nece s° 4 tated when th e water i s l a id on to collect their stint e supply i n an o ld b ucket, fi s hk ett l e, or basin, for the ti of their f am ili es . E ven th e p u bli c ur i na l s w hi c h Ng° ,t,oi ' put up SOMO y ears ag o have never yet h a d wa t er l a id on cleansin g th em ; th e result is that they h ave becom e• positive nuisance to passers by. WALKER. Six more deaths from cholera have been reporte d ,: making 13 deaths since Monday night. At Newbf:i two deaths have occurred. Dr. Gavin has appoinb7 s to visit this place, with the Duke of Northumberlan d agent, on Friday. Two visitors have been se nt i. 70 St oc kt on to aid in carrying out mor e efficiently t P house to house visitation system already commen•cecl• GIIISBOROUGH. _.41 . Oct. 4.—Cholera The Board of Guardians have applied to the Getiu7 D Board of Health to send down a surveyor competent advise on the removal of nuisances, at such salary ae the board may deem just. Other applications of the 00 nature have been made to the board. H OUGHTON-LE-SPRING. From the reports of the medical officers of this uni ol3 ; it appears that they have had under their care 702 Os' of diarrhoea since the Ist inst., not one of which, in O il ' sequence of pr ompt treatment, has passed into 6011 or terminatel fatally. On the other hand, four casco cholera have occurred, three of which have proved fa,; Two of the c h o l era cases occurred in a small pit fill", in the township of Newbottle, called Success4° 0! another in th e v i llage of New b ottle ; a third at DovP) lane, in the township of Hetton-le-hole ; and a fourth West Rainton, three miles from Newbottle. The dians in each township of this union are stated to 115 " formed the mse l ves i n t o a comm itt ee , w ith cer t a i n otb e ti inhabitants, for the purpose of making-combined efP r e , for the immediate removal of nuisances, and the impro.ot went generally of their respective districts. This jo' committee hold their meetings three times a-week. SCOTLAND. We regret to say that cholera has made its appeari very decidedly in Scotland. Oa Monday evening Alf man 'walking along Minto-street, Edinburgh, sudde l / 1 ;0 dropped down ; on being carried to the Infirmary 5 was pronounced to be labouring under a severe aW r t of cholera, and was immediately sent to the eholeop hospital. The case has not as yet proved fatal. po , Tuesday, however, a fatal case occurred at Leith • o e , ther is reported from Glasgow ; and a third from Cold l 7o ham, in Berwickshire. One death took place at De!'o• a few days ago ; and from the fact that medical sf' e r ante was sent for to Edinburgh from that town on '-L il e jt day, it is to be feared that other cases have made t' h irr appearance there. Three fatal cases, we have beer l i formed, also occurred on Monday at a villege n ear P o e lithgow—two of the parties seized being colliers, and i d third a pauper. Fou r p erso ns have also been att Ac v d at the village of Arma d a l e , near Bathgate—the firs t 15 a woman of about 60 years of age, and she died 113 4 of hours ; the second was a woman of about 40 yegf i ;il 4 , age, and the case proved fatal in 24 hours ; the ' d o' was a son of the first•naentioned woman—he als°, o ip v , ns i h ee t h dtcew i which ko t ie htlopBfeat allayed ha e o ney e u ds o e r seendrdc itsatchs aAee influence u a aaee n ps nmpa w cresee h n, fe o buidnul l lft o yho d r maah g sla e t ealh s fdlosa : uo n negbhhh t ei h ooetrun e horef,a h otp e trt otlo uats I,' w lapse went on to a fatal termination.—Scotsman. EMIGRANT SHIPS.—The Silas Greenman and t l e e' Wright, emigrant ships, from Liverpool to Nem",„ fr r oe! have had cholera amongst the passengers. The t - , e l ; was lying in the Mersey, outward bound, when tß ii - 0 0 0 " demie appeared, and all were removed to the wor' c oa, 4 , at Liverpool. Up to yesterday morning 24 fatal t oo', had occurred. The Isaac Wright (as before red 0 4 . „' met with an accident off the coast of Ireland, an bee „ compelled to put back to the Mersey, but it had de e d stated that nearly 50 victims were committed to thi i i r a 0! before she made the port. The passengers on br - 04 Isaac Wright complain very much of the treatnr P 0 0e t received on board. They were unanimous in t' oe a tio 4 tion that the water was bad, and quite rotten, 03 o tit ) :1 it induced sickness; that only one-third the ' . v . ~,,, both of water and meal, was meted out to tiles :l l'6l that they could not get the water boiled, ear ,epti o ,i o e , ment of 6d. the quart to the cook. They als' J NOT," of the surgeon, who had not only bOen - -' f ioAt' e g .4 e but had used the coarsest and mog , P,;ting io od sions to the female passengers wht v eep t% 0: 6 1 1 Captain Schomberg's (the Governq . rati°' ftlq (lg. 4 . 6 in Liverpool) attention has been e) the sndii of the passengers, and it is stated 11 o° ' vo investigation to be made. From l% W o i f t b oa 0 master of Londonderry, it apps bo to n v -,015.) barque Virginia, f r om Gottenbu• New fr teve New Orleans, there have occurn s w ee. e 4 .0 the 4th and September the 3f, ht deaths cholera. A ERRATIIM:—By an oversight of war, instead of horrors, appea article of yesterday. Zi a t d9 ,. ;;tle ~.