The Sun. — London, England, 1801-10-29 00:00:00

THE SU/T. 1101./54 QUIS P 1051515 IALSOS4 - AUDIAT ? LONDON, OCTOBER 29, i&oi. HIS MAJESTY's SPEECH. THIS day His MAJESTY went in the usual State to the House- of Peers, and being seated on the Throne with the accustomed - solemnities, the House of Commons attending at the Bar, opened the Ses tion of Parliament with the following Most Gracious Speech : 41 My Lords and Gentlemen, " I have the satisfaaion to acquaint you, that the important Negociations in which I was en gaged at the close of the last Session of Par liament, are brought to a favourable conclusion. The differences with the Northern Powers have been adjusted by a Convention with the Em peror of Russia, to tvhich the Kings of - Denmark and Sweden have expressed their readiness to ac cede. The essential Rights for which we contended, are thereby secured, and provision is made, that the exercise of them shall be attended with as little molestation as possible to the Subjeas of the Con_ trading Parties. " Preliminaries of Peace have also been ratified between Me and the French Republic ; and I trust that this important Arrangement, whilst it mani fests the Justice and Moderation of My Views, will also he found conducive to the substantial In. tere,ts of this Country, and honourable to the Bri. tish Charafter. g' Copies of these Papers shall be forthwith laid before you, and I earnestly hope that the Transac. tions to which they refer, will meet with the Ap probation of My Parliament. it Gentlemen of the House of Commons, " I have direeted such Estimates to be prepared for the various demands of the Public Service, as appear to me to be best adapted to the situation in which we are now placed. It is painful to Me torefleft, that provision cannot be made for de fraying the Expellees which must unavoidably be continued for a time, in different parts of the world, and for maintaining an adequate Peace Establishment, without large additional Supplies. You may, how ever, be assured, that all possible attention shall be paid to sucil economical arrangements as may not be inconsistent with the great objeci of effeaually providing for the security of all My Dominions. any Lards and Gentlemen, "I cannot sufficiently describe the Gratification and Comfort I derive from the Relief which the Bounty of Divine Providence has afforded to My People, by a, to abundant produce of the late Harvest. In contemplating the Situation of the Country at this important conjunflure, it is impossible for me to refrain from expressing the deep sense I entertain of the Temper and Fortitode which have been manifest ed by all descriptions of My Faithful Subjeas, under the various and complicated difficulties with which they have had to contend. The distinguished Va lour and eminent Services of My Forces by Sea and Land, which at no period have been surpassed ; the unprecedented exertions of the Militia and Fencibles, and the Zeal and Perseverance of the Volunteer Corps of Cavalry and Infantry, are entitled to My warmest Acknowledgments :---And I am persuaded that you will join with Me, in reflefting with pe culiar satisfaEtion on the Naval and Military Opera tions of the last Cittnpdign, and on the suceessfyl and glorious Issue of the Expedition to Egypt, which has been marked throughout by achievements, tending in their consequence, and by their example, to produce lasting Advantage and , Honour to this Country. It is My first and most fervent Prayer, that My People may experience the Reward they have so well merited, in a full enjoyment of the Blessings of Peace, in a progressive increase of the National Commerce, Credit, and Resources, and above all, in the undisturbed possession of their Religion, Laws, and Liberties, under the Safeguard and Pro teftion of that Constitution, which it has been the great objea of all our Efforts to preserve, and which it is our most sacred duty to transmit unim paired to our Descendants.'' Lord POLTON moves the Address to-clay in the House of Peen, and Lord Li t.FoteD seconds it. In the Howe of Commons, as we stated some days ago, Lord Lo . vAr.‘c ri.,oves the Address, and Colonel WoozmovsE seconds it. he Grand Debate upon the Preliminaries - cif Peace is expettied to, take place on Tuesday next. Upon that occasion Lord Rory is expened to :nOve the Address, and Lots:l - LIMERICK to iecond. In the House of Commons Lord FRANCIS OSBORNE is exiwted to move, and Mr. LEE to second. VIE ifilltfigYßeili MAIL. ST. PETE RSBURCH, Om 6. Ow the 4th inst. in the morning, we received from Moscow- the long-wished intelligence, of the crowning of our universally beloved Sovereign ALEXANDER. J. This joyful news was immediate ly communic4ted to the Inhabitants by thedischarge of tot i'lieces of artillery, and the ringing of bells : in the evening the whole City was. splendidly Mu misted. MOSCOW, SEPT. 27 .IMMEDIATELY after the Coronation, a Procla mation was published, by which His IMPERIAL MAJESTY releases all ranks of persons from subjec rion to the recruiting service during the remainder of this year ; all fines hitherto not collet - led are remitted; persons imprisoned for debts to the Crown, who can prove by credible witnesses that they are unable to pay, to be set at liberty, &c. &c. VIENNA, Ocr. 14_ IN the night between the t zth and 3th instant, the French Ambassador CHAMPAGNY received a Courier from Paris, with advice that the Prelimina ries of Peace between England and France were signed on the Ist of Oaober ; which intelligence he immediately communicated to our Court, and the Foreign Ministers here, with expressions of the greatest satisfaction. Yesterday the French Ambassador gave in his Ciedentials to the State and Vice-Chancellor Count COL LOR EDO, and in the , coarse of this wed( will receive his audience of entry of His lASI' E Mat. JESTY. HANAU, OCT. 17. A Swabian Gazette speaks of several Secret Ar. tides in the Preliminaries between France and Eng. land-, of which it pretends to give the following : Spain, in lieu of Trinidad, shall receive the Island of St. Lucia—the cession of the Spanish part of St. Domingo shall be recalled ; and Louisiana be ceded instead to the French Republic—the pos. session of Piedmont by the French—the KING of TUSCANY, the Cisalpine, Ligurian, Helvetic, and Batavian Republics, together with the Sovereignty to lie " founded for the late STA.DTHOLDER, shall be acknowledged by England—the Batavian Republic shall receive indemnifications in Belgium, and the late Getman Countries on the Left Bank of the Rhine, fiir the cession of Ceylon. In case the Dcfinish'e Treaty should not be concluded,' there shall be a three years Armistice between France and England, on the footing of present possession. WE can now positively state that the Marquis CORNWALLIS with his Suite will depart for France on Sunday next. The Noble Plenipotentiary, as has been already stated to the Public, goes first t o Paris, but we understand he will not remain there above two or three days, when he will repair to Amiens. It is not exptaed, as we have already said, that the Definitive Treaty will take much time in being brought to a satisfaaory conclusion. HIS MAJESTY came to Town yesterday from Kew, and held a Council at the Queen's House, at which were present his Grace the Archbishop of CANTERBURY, the Dukes of PORTLAND and Rox- BURGH, the Marquis of SALISBURY, Earls CHAT_ HAM, LEICESTER, and Sr. VINCENT, Lords HAWKESBURY and PELHAM, and the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, to hear His Majesty's Speech read. Mr. FAWKENER attended as Clerk of the Council. 'Elie KING, at half-past three, left Town for Kew, escorted by a Party of Light Dragoons of the Prince of Wales's Regiment. The Prime Minister yesterday entertained the Members of Administration with an elegant dinner. Lord PELniat also entertained the Dukc of PoRT. LAND and the Cabinet Ministers at his residence in , Piccadilly. Earl Sr. VINCENT, after the Coun•il broke up yesterday at Buckingham .Heine, had a long au_ dience with His MAJESTY, and laid before the KING the returns of the Navy. The Earl of CHESTERFIELD arrived at Chester field-House yesterday morning. Yesterday, the Right Hon. ISAAC CORRY ar rived in Town from Ireland. We inserted a Paragraph yesterday, which like wise found its way into all the other Papers, stating, that Mr. PITT and most of the Cabinet Ministers dined on Tuesday with Mr. ADDINGTON. This piece of Intelligence is doubly erroneous, for neither Mr. PITT, nor any one of the Cabinet Ministers dined on that day in Downing -street.. The Commercial Passports which have been re- - ceived from France, are for the purpose of protea ing such of our Merchant-ships as are about to sail, fromcapture or detention, in case they meet with a French ship of war at sea. They are not Passports for liberty to go to France. Yesterday the, Right Hon. the LORD MAYOR, after opening the Sessions at the Old Bailey, the Recorder, scveral Aldermen, and the Sheriffs, at tended by the City Oliicers, went in procession to 13edford-square, to present the. LORD MAYOR elect to the' Lo Ro CHANC EL LOR, 10f the arpro4ation of 114.NNEsTy. THE PEACE. WE continue to receive accounts from different parts of the country, expressive of the joy and satisfaetion which are every where felt on the return of Peace, and particularly on the tone and manner in which it has been concluded. Some of our Cot._ respondents, indeed, have said that we ought to have obtained an island or two more in the West Indies, but none have contended that the Treaty ought to have been broken off on. this account. —Seldom as we agree with Mr. Fox, we think with him, that, independently of other considerations, the pecuniary value of one, or indeed of many West India Islands, can never be considered as objefts, the attainment of which could compensate for the; sacrifices which must be made in the prosecution of tin War. Though we are satisfied with the Terms of Peace, looking td our Security, we derive still greater satisf:,►:tion, when we consider the manner and the period in which it has been concluded.— We have made Peace, Masters of the Sea, with a Navy every where successful, and with art Army triumphant and vi6lorious ; and we have made Peace, sacrificing many of the Conquests of that gallant Navy and Army for the advantage of those Allies, who have been faithful to the Cause in which we were together engaged. We have con vinced them and the World, that to be true to us, was to be true to their own interests—We have made Peace, therefore, with the reputation of, our Fleets and Armies, high in the estimation of the World, and with a charader of Fidelity and noble Generosity towards our Allies, which must make every Nation in Europe eagerly seek our friend ship. And if ever y therefore, the state of things should render War inevitable, and a Confederacy necessary for the preservation of our Honour and our Interests, we cannot doubt of obtaining a powerful Alliance on the Continent. It is to these considerations, even more than to the additional wealth and resources which we have acquired in the course of the War, by the astonishing extension of our Trade, that we trust for the Independence and the Security of our Country. Under such circumstances we have concluded a Defensive War by a Secure Peace—But has this been a work of no difficulty ? It is human nature very soon to forget difficulties when they are sur. mounted--Have we then forgotten the just apprehen. sions we entertained at the propagation of the Re. volutionary Principles of France ? Have 'we then forgotten the Muti.. 7 eur Acct---the swerns. Or cash payments at the Bank—the descr(ion of some of our most powerful Allies—or the fear of Famine ? Or, are we ungrateful enough to forget the unre. mitting attention, the firmness, and the ability by which the danger of these evils has been averted ? If we want other objects of difficulty to con template, let us look at the termination of the Northern Confederacy, aimed at our Maritime Great ness—and at the issue of the French Expedition to Egypt, planned for the clestruCtion of our interests in the East. The first has ended (whatever verbal cavils may be made upon our Treaty with Russia) in the complete recognition of the Right of Search of Neutrals, and of all those general principles of the Law of Nations for which our Ministers con tended—and the latter has been concluded in a mariner which will, we are convinced, render our Eastern Empire secure from any future attack from France, by the road of Egypt. We have heard it said, however, that our Eastern Possessions are not safe, because Malta and the Cape are given up to France—The fact is not so in either instance—and if it were, the conclusion is false. The Armies of France had obtained Malta and Egypt, and neither time or assiduity were wanting to render those Possessions saute to them. They appeared also to be further insured to them by the protection of .a powerful Fleet. With a less numerous Squadron we destroyed the French Fleet in the most memorable Action that our Naval His tory affords, and with an Army inferior in num bers, at the close of a long and arduous Contest, we expelled the French Forces from Egypt by a succes sion of Vklories, which will ever immortalize the Heroes by whose invincible courage and perseverance they were atchieved. If, therefore, it were true, as It is false, that France were, by the Treaty, in possession of Malta, is there any thing in past experience that would tempt the Chief Consul to try another expedition to Egypt As to the Cape, opinions differ essentially with respea to its Value. Some few think it necessary to our Security in the East Indie4. Many consider it of some importance, while others deem it of no advantage to us whatever.-4-We believe it'to be of 3Qtne, but not of essential importance ; and even if it were true that it was ceded to Franc?, it does not appear tp us that it would give her any considerable means of attacking our interests in the East, beyond those she - alrea4y possesses and, therefore, conii-* dering also the destruaion of the power of TtYroo , and the acquisition of the Island of Ceylon, we rtiast look upon our possessions in the East not only as much more valuable, but as more secure, also, than they were previously to the War. In the West Indies we remain, with resped tai Possessions, as we were before the War, with tile addition of the important acquisition of but with the advantage of a great improvement 1 0. the Cultivation, and a vast c::tension of the Triidc of'bur Colonies. Many of those who condemh the Peace, treat out acquisitions as of little importance, bec.,,:ie, they sap th‘ conquest of Colonies was not „the ob;cCi of the War ; and liVlinisters are accused of having frequent', changed that objeet. The object of the War has re cer been changed.--That objet`' was se/f-jefeatt against the principles , and the power of France!, The mode of that defence may have been changel because the Enemy changed the mode of attach' When France seized upon Ho/LA Ministers well censured by Opposition for seizing also upon some of the Dutch Colonies, as being an aft totalll foreign to the objeet of the War; but they weft condemned by those who wculd have laughed them, and deservedly; if they had not done The late Ministers sustained our honour and cha raCter firmly and ably-13 prosecuting an arduous and necessary contest, in the mode in which its prose' cution was most likely ultimately to prove bereft' cial to the Country. In the midst of the most try' ing difficulties, . the present Ministers pursued tilt same line, and they have wisely taken ad' vantage of the first favourable occasion for ter'' minating that contest, By concluding Pc:ice!' they gave to the People of France and to f ll4 CH ;BF CONSUL, a subject for satisfaction and PP instead of a Topic for sorrow and mortification! in the disgrace of an Army, and the failure of a Yourite Project ; and in seizing this opportunitYt they gamed in . return honourable Peace for 0 44 Country, from those who were before fairly and reasonably supposed to he averse to all Peace; who appear, previously to this period, to have he' . communication with our Ministers upon the s ubje of Peace only for the purpose of bringing forwat ,ct pretensions insulting to the feelings of Englishme n ' Nothing of this nature appears to have been pt ' posed in the late Negotiation : certainly nothing of this nature has been submitted to. The Peace i g the reconciliation of two great and powerful dons, each sensible of the weight and influence 0 the other. In the course of the War, each 1 - 1 k f ri ; creased in strength xt France, by an eeriS t i-oq territory and connection ; Great Britain, by an 1 , , crease of Foreign Possessions, and by a vast 36 ' dition to that from whence our stren.gt4 wiii he 1 ways' :in a great degree derived, ourrommeree Manufactures. We.vie yr our rclat;ve position, not ° free from anxiety, not as exempt from all possib ° danger, not as one which does not require the ‘ Yi gilance and the precautions of Ministers, but as. 011 e i which ought nut to occasion a l a r m as to a ny our essential interests; and we approve the Pea ce ; not as the most advantageous in point o f te rms 1 1 ° we could have wished, but ai honourable, as prudent' as placing us, under all the considerations we.ll o ' i stated, in a most exalted situation in Europe, anV c furnishing us with the means of securing our fut uf , interests more certainly and effectually than tb e l l would, in all human probability, have been s ecul; by the attempt to attain any different settlement the affairs of Europe from the further prosecuti l of the War. Yesterday a Court of Directors was held at tip East India House, when the Court unanimously ,`` e quitted the Officers and Crew of any bl a me in loss of the Lent, when captured by the Conjo ic ;' The Court adjourned at six o'clock till Wea ves' day next. h iff The Clergy of the Diocese of Winchester a' r a generally reported to Lord l'Eutiva, that the ° to mers of their respeCtive parishes are not inclined make the returns of their crops, ver acre, as desi re c l by Government. The Convoy under the bis i tz - acr Sloop of \ l ° l.l arrived at Elsineur on the 17th inst. tif All the ships for the Baltic, 'fhat . had arrivri; Elsineur previous to the 47th inst. had provev e , 4 : those for England were detzined there wind-hour Last winter, when I;pper Canada was cov er e y with snow, a vessel of So tons burthen, compl_e, i r masted and rigged, was drawn by land from ts'"o pawn to Queen's Town, being the distance o f miles. Two females, natives of the Andaman Nail • have been lately secured on board the ArQnszich, be carried to Bengal, for the purpose of fa''' t o liarizing them with our manners; every e£1 . 0 0 5 0 effect this having heretofore failed. TheY h et young, and. were taken along the Coast as tie' were looking for some fish. They are Ire d with great humanity, and have already got il ife a r d all fear of violence, except what might be ° g icts to their chastity, which they appear :o guard %toll unremitting vigilance; although they have a 5 reA l apartment allotted to themselves, and have ' l ' 7 oo cause for .apprehension, one always watches 0, the other sleeps. NI tvl frc tr,