The Sun. — London, England, 1804-11-14 00:00:00

lk DENlif APK. L!.l of the 'rustic 'towards the refi'oathen't of the man of liberal attainments : it was, in a word, the precise contrast to the change from what poetry tells us of the Arcadian swains of the golden age, to the comparatively brutal ignorance and in. sensibility of the shepherds of modern times. The most careless ot”erver must know how great is the influence of the personal manners and disposi tions of a Monarch on the condition and habits of the People under his authority ; and in applying this principle to our own days, must be convinced of our hppiness in possessing, in his present Ma. jttsty, a Sovereign who, while in his domestic life he exhibits a bright pattern of the virtues on which our dearest felicity depends, holds out equally, even in his customary relaxations, the example of employ. men' so congenial to our national charaaer, and so conducive both to individual comfort and to public prosperity, as Agricultural pursuits. This is a sub. jeCt that comes home to British bosoms : and it is not surprising that condud thus deserving orimita. tion was imitated ; and that, aided by the establish. men( of a Public Board, it has succeeded in giving to the study of this interesting art all the preva. lence (while its own vast importance 'must ensure it from the transitory duration) of a fashion. The zeal and perseverance with which Noblemen ant] Gentlemen have engaged in this subject, and the liberal and enlarged scale on which their expe. rimental inquiries have been conducted, form no in. considerable addition to the numerous other testi. monies of the public spirit of individuals among us. But (And, in the development of an art which has been so. lately raised into a science, it could not have been otherwise) it cannot' be denied, • that in the universal extension of these laudable attempts, much inconvenience and embarrassment has, from various causes, unavoidably arisen. Unfortunately, it did not always happen that the Gentlemen who were the most earnest in their well-meant endea. vnurs at improvemen t , possessed 'themselves, or were assisted by, all that solid per/Hied experience which the professional Farmer alone can he master of, and which in every art (perhaps snore so in Agriculture than in any other) must occasionally be called in to correct the exuberances of theoretical speculation; and hence the most unlearned Farmer might from time to time deted, 'in their ingenioy dissertations, some (to him) apparent absurdities, which could 'give brim 'a sentiment of disgust not to be removed by any reasonings however plausible. The writers too, as in every new branch of science, were eager to form entire theories; and, on the ground of having made a few really beneficial disco. verics, would think themselves entitled to establish principles on every point of the great subject of their partial investigations. Thus, from every indiVi. dual author something valuable might be extraCted; but which it was impossible to combine with all that was found heat in the walks of the others, or to unite the whole of these colleded parts into oac general course of pradice. These publications, likewise, were usually expensive, and at last grew intolerably numerous bark referred to hook ; to seek was not always to find, and to find was not ways to be informed :" and the merely profession. al Farmer, thus deterred by at least their costliness and multiplicity, either was obliged to confine him. self to a very few, which of themselves probably could afford him but little information of consider, ablenovelty or advantage, or rejeaed the new in. qttiries altogether; and determined to “keep in the safe track of his fathers before him." To selel, therefore, limn the almOst innumerable details and experiments to which the spirit of provement has given birth, all that was really be. neficial, dna in doing this to detect the various sources of misapprehension which in the different statements are continually presenting such con. transitory results ;—and to blend, with ,the scattered parts thus brought together, just so.much of the old and most approved methods as would supply the deficiencies, and amalgamate with the former into an uniform and consistent 'whole, was an Under. . . . 'eluding that or k o h..oiN-, 56,1 discums the differ ent chemical properties of the clayey', 1:;omy, chalky, sandy, gtarelly, and peaty soils.; as well as the general native of vegetable earth. SetiOn 7. is a truly admiuble agricultural and chemical dissertation on the qualities and application of th , : , different kinds of manures and composts ; and has some useful hints relative to dunghills, and the form and consttuelion 'of fartn.yards in this view. Seaion 8. treats of draining of land in the dif_ fercnt soils : it details some valuable methods of draining wet boggy. land:. In Scaion 9. the subjed of paring and burning is pradicaliy and chemically examined as to its - effects on dif ferent kinds of soil, and in cliff :rent mitten- . dons. Seainn so. tirats of fallowing; and much chemical knowledge is displayed in investigating the effeds of this pradice by producing a degree of mellowness and pulverization in the boil. Sedion rI. is on the great and primary subjed of the cul. tivation of arable land; and occupies above five hundred - pages, nearly one-half of the work. In this Settion the whole process of cultivation is traced; from the clearing the ground, down to the last stage, to which refinement has brought this most 'useful and meritorious of the arts. It is impossible to give any adequate idea of the contents of this Sec tion by a sketch .only : it may, however, just be observed, that the striking modern discovery of the importance of proper courses of crops, is here most amply considered ; and many new and interesting statements on this head are given, as well as details on the convertible system of husbandry. Seaion r 2. is on the cultivation of grass-land : and is pre:. cisely with resped to this sort of land, what the next preceding Settion is in relation to arable •; be. ginning with the removal of - obstructions to the scythe, and comprehending, among others, the heads, manuring, watered meadows, warping, mow. ing, &c. and after-grass, pastures, drinking. ponds, cow.keeping, dairying, grazing, soiling, and stall.feeding, house_lamb, suckling, planting (both fruit and timber), and woods. Sedion i 3. concludes the work, and is on the important subject of live stock ; but does nut admit of such a slight , sketch as could alone be given here to supply any possible idea of its value. L A Tit REPOkci% iICULATIONS OF THE DANISii CLIVRNMENT, TO BE OBSERVED fly ALL IRAVECIARS IN THE DANISH DOMINIONS. COtliZT OF i;.l NC; • BF. 'l7_; Notwitlistm.ding this day was appointed fsr.tte ti7st Sitting, in , 'London, Terns, no Sit t ing3' were held, the Com ts, 3'o' ice not tieing prt•pateA frl busitwss since the late testivi!ies . at Guild, hall. , As His Royal - Majesty, our most gracious Lord, the King of Denmark and Norway, &c. &c. has, from the ,circumstances of the times, found it ne. ceasary to publish several Ordinances and Regola_. duns, which must be observed by all Travellers in the Danish Dominions, Duichy of Schleswig and Holstein, in the Principality of Pinneberg, in the County of Rantzau, and in the City of Altona ; and we have received information, that these laws of Police are little or not ai all known in Foreign Countties ; a want of informati:m which has al . ready caused Foreigners and Travellers, not e on!) , the loss of time, b ut i nterrupt i on i n their j our. neYB ; we have therefore made Extraels from all these Regulations, as far as they regard. Foreigners and Travellers, which we herewith officially pub. fish : I st, No Foreigner is permitted to travel in the above-men tioned States without being provided with a written or printed pass, ad; Foreigners, who from the land side enter the Danish Territory, may obtain lawful passes from the Royal Danish ' tegation at Hamburgh ; from the Royal Danish Resident at LUbeck ; or by the Magistrates on that part of the Frontiers Waren to the place from which they desire to begin their journey in the Danish States. 3t4 , Evety person arriving by water may take a pass from the —magistrates of the place of his landing. 4th, No Foreigners can obtain a Danish pass who are not previously provided with one of their own Country, or pos -1 riresS certificates, or other authentic documents, which prove Who they are, and the ()Ned of their journey. , Sthe All those who cannot prove that they obtain an honest livelihood, as gypsies, charlatans, cheats, quac.s rope. dancers, mountebanks; showers of curiosities, wild beasts, ice. are prohibited from . travelling in the Danish States, and obtain no passes. 6th, Jourrieyinen, or Meehanics, who desire to trsvel in Mi 0 aaish State:, must be provided with Certificates from thtil:44spective Guilds or Corporations, not above three tribeths old from the date of their delivery, and their authen ticitY is to be ver i fi e d by the signatures of the Magistrates of the Place Where they last worked, or were employed. , Th, If husband and wife travel together, or several full gtawn travellers are in the same carriage, every person must be Provided with a separate pass for his own person.— C hildren only, under fifteen years of age, may be included Oi mentioned in the passes of the parents, relatives, or friends. Bth, Persons of both sexes who travel in the Danish States without being provided with such passes, and with out having observed the above mentioned formalities, will be detained, arrested, or carried away to the Other side of the Danish frontiers. ir •011, Every person conviCled of Hying made use of forged 6 r false passes or certificates will be punished with five Years hard labour i n a house of correction. Every person ho makes a bad - use of his own pass, by lending it to ano -4,14ti is liable to suffer for all the crimes of such a person, an d to pay all the debts he incurs, as far as his property ! C S, and will besides be punished with one year's imprison ment and hard labour in a house of corretlion. 1 , The abov e R egu l at i ons are published for the in. The abov e all travellers in the Danish States ; and at e to be enforced With strid obedience by all civil . • . 04 Military Magistrates or Commanders. The Royal Danish Stadtholde r , Ch ance ll or , Vice-Chancellor,' and Councillors in the Dutchy of Holstein. (Signed) Vow FiltoCKnoltiF. Fit.DNIANN. K Chicitt a dt, S e p t , 13 , 1804. ocx. Almost the whole of the cl ay was devoted to at . guments on various causes reserved for the Judg., (nem of the Court. TILE BAILIFFS OF TRWKESBURY V. LIITRICK. This-case had been before argued, but not being correctly stated, it was again referred to Counsel, that they might prepare - it in a farm More stilted to •involce all the important queslions with which it is conneeted. The, subjql of it was a toll, here. tofore colle&ed in Tewkesbury, on all corn pitched in the Marker place. It is well known . Ihat it has become a prevailing praClice, in almost all the • market tow - ns of the kingdom, to sell corn by sam - , pie, and not to pitch it in bulk in the erections set up for its reception. By this •means, Opportunities of deception have been given to the seller, the transatiions of markets have been concealed, and . ' easy expedients for imposition have been afforded: It was the wholesome policy of our ancestors, that • the batgains respecting the principal articles of sub. - sistence should he public, and certain rights of to ll; tending to perpetuate this publicity, were establish. ed. The Miffs of Tewkesbury brought this ac: Lion for a tell of this kind, which had been eluded bp- a private - sale: made to the D:fendant by John Dobbins, a farmer, who having agreed for the price • without delivering his corn try the marker, sent it to a wharf to be forwarded - tot he Defendant, with. out the limits- of the market, but within the 80., rough of 'Tewkesbury ; and the question on the . case was, if the Defendant had 'praCtised a fraud on the Plaintiffs by this mode of purchase, in which he had escaped the' payment of the t o ll ? _ _ Mr. PULLEN; for the Plaintiffs, contendA, thari in point of law, this was a contrivance or • trick to avoid the toll, against which an' aeliori might be main6ined. The corn not being brought -in bulk to the market, there was no possibility of diking the toll by distress, the amount of it was ' therefore demanded, and by the Defendant it was refused: This refusal, coupled with' the former aa of buying by sample, constituted , the, fraud on the rights of the Plaintiffs. In support of this position, the cases of Dimsdale, and Of Mosel) , and Pearson, were cited. - _ _ Mr. At:BOIT, for the Dolendant, argued first, that'the ktion ought to have been brought against the seller, or, perhaps, against the buyer and seller jointly, for a conspiracy ; next, that no toll at all was payable under tie circumstances Of this case ; and he quoted the case from Cooper 666, where the Courr held the distress was bad, 'as the corn was not sold under incidents that rendered it liable to toll. He trusted that the C, urt, in the absence of any authority to support an action of this sort against the buyer, would not abandon the ge. neral and known rule, by which the biryer cotild done be governed. . , Lord iis:LL,NaoßouGH.—!. The aniop must be laid and proved as an evasion of the market. I think it will be fit to argue thii again ; and I %yid), in the review, that this inquiry, should be ;trended, to, if the circumstance 'of not bringing the corn into the inark:!t.place be a fraud uplo the rights of these partieo. The fraud may be upon the public ; but ymt should chew, that it is a fraud u' i )on the individual rights." DUBLIN, Nov. 9. mChl Saturday eve n i ng t h e post .b oy conveying the oil to C a hi r , was stopped arid robbed (if the b ag , bts ," Loughloher, by a villain who knocked him off horse with the blow of a wattle. The fellou; is known and identified, but has for the present ab ieonded. On Sunday night last, at so early an hour as seven o'clock, a Clerk of Mr. RIVERS, of Clonmel, was I ttacked w i t hi n h a lf a quarter of a mile of t he 4 butbs, s Obuibs,. by two ruffians armed with pistols, one of *horn knocked him down with the butt.eoil of a' pistol, and they then rifled him of a pocket.bool., e Thlaining some papers totally useless to the robbers, 41 Id it small note. The fellows immediately mount. Zi his horse, and rode in t owar d s T own b y t h e new ranch of the Cahir road. DICKSON',' ACRICULTURE. 4140 1441 the striking features by which the late et a , f —t ifY Will 'be rendeted memorable in the history is u nkind , t h e m ost prom i nent an d most pleas i ng w l lSaralleled progress of the Arts and Sciences ; 'eh they ha ve b een a id e d, as we ll by t h e pu b . - spirit o f i n di v id uals, as by the various National un,ablishments in different parts of Europe. In so Withnoble, an emu l at i on our own C ountty can t;;confidence claim a di s ti ngu i s h e d p l ace ; an d "ng its f oremost pretensions may justly advance 11. 4 ,! of having rescued Agriculture from the degra. cion to which it had been hitherto uniformly ? s3Oin eels by being considered as exclusively the eleva ted this of the . mechanical operator ; and of having r .4. v aied thiS most ancient and valuable art into an 1 .4 e0 of liberal and. enlightened study, and scion. o research. l: Ilia indeed, upon cool and mature reflelion, tic w te:appear a onderful. epoc h i n t h e anna l s b ot h of nee and of M an. The union of the two charac. of doe he man o f en l arged and comprehensive m i n d, t an, the and ac curate thinking, with the husband. t n a,the mere t ill er of the ground (die former to th e in ev ery c i v i l i zed age, as the h i g h est e !cale of Sociely ; the latter, perhaps, as the t lug t el i i ii was a novelty worthy of adding to t iike r- p eve n of the Eighteenth Century. It was not, aba, e -cHe niPorary R evo l ut i ons, „the w i ld an d un j ust rnent f all that was most dignified ; but the not t eji exalta t i on o f W hat was must humble : it was .oent' iota tue dradation. of the man of liberal attain the coarsen esa of the rustic but the taking which the state of the agricultural art began every day more imperiously to demand. In too many instances the professional farmer aflually con. gratulated himself that he had not been seduced into the maze of visionary improvement, where even the man of real taste and science was lost and bewilder. ed amidst the jarring and irreconcilcable details of experimenters. The nineteenth century could not open more . auspiciously than with the performance of such a task, if Weed its performance were possible; hut of this, all who turned their thoughts to the subjeCt despaired; and our own curiosity, much more than our hope, was excited by the an. nouncement lately of a Work under the title of " A esgullete System of PraCtical Agriculture,. including the newest Improvements ;" by Dr. R. W. Dick. sox, of Hendon*. This great work is divided into Sections, of which,the first treats of the implements of husban. dry ; and in this the merits and uses of ploughs, sVhcel-ploughs, drill.machines, hoes, scarificts and scalers, drags, harrows, rollers, thrashing and win. flowing machines, chaff -cutters, ,rakes, and wheel carriages of every description, are discussed at con. siderable length, and with much interesting and useful originality of method. Sedion 2. is on the subject of farmhouses and offices'; and here we find farmhouses, barns, granaries, stables, cow and feed ing houses, dairies, the out-offices, and numerous other buildings (which it is unnecessary minutely to mention, as they will readily occur to the far. mer),-considered with regard to their construCtion, form, arrangement and disposal, and improvement, ,in the manner required by a point of such essential importance to the comfort and convenience, as well as ,the prosperity, of every farm. Section 3. is on the too much neglected subject of farm.cottages, and the condition of cottagers in general. Section 4. is on inclosing of land, and contains some judicious remarks on the great national question of inclo. sures ; fences, walk, hedges, &c. naturally find a place for discussion in this SeCtion. SeCtion 5. treats of the construtlion of roads ; and era. mines, both mechanically and geometrically, the questions of the forms and directions of roads, and the forms of wheels : there is much curious no velty in the examination as here concluded. Sec. lion 6. i s on th e important subjeti of soils, * Dr. bickson, we believe, never before published any work on this stalled, and is not the Dr, Dickson who pnb lithett ou Agrieultureolthe The general condua of this extensive work"is, truly admirable. The style is uncommonly clear and precise;' and while by its simplicity it is per.. feftly adapted to the capacity of every intelligent professional farmer, even its literary merit alone would be sufficient to recommend it to the notie'of Gentlemen of superior intellectual acquirements. No subject is started without being fully developed and discussed : the references to former publications, without being so numerous as to appear pedantic or ostentatious, are such as may be both useful and ac. ceptable : there is no succession of multiplied quo. rations ;—but in each page it may be !seen . that die Author has skilfully extratled the substance ofeVery thing valuable which preceding Writers had stated .on the point in question, blending together the re sults with the addition of much judicious and ori. ginal remark ; while his own. pradical knowledge has enabled him, with great sagacity, to rejea what... ever is injurious in the fanciful and extravagant no tions to which unrestrained theory has given rise, and to admit only so much of these as may supply probable and well.founded hints for future specu. lators. It is in this article that the solidity of his judgment has been displayed with great advantage but a very peculiar and striking benefit is derived to his work from the Author's intimate acquaint_ ance with the modern discoveries in themirtty, and the penetration with which he applies its principles to the operations of nature in the different processes of vegetation, at the same, time in so familiar and happy a method as to render this hitherto-difficult and abstruse subjea universally intelligible. We understand that Dr. DICKSON has spent ten years in bringing his first publication (" The gather'd treasure of a hundred volurnes,") to perfedion, and that it has been several years in the press. In return, his pains will, .without doubt, be amply compensated by seeing it become (as. it assuredly must) the companion of every professional as well at every experimental farmer : to the former of whom it will save the expense of purchasing a complete library on his art ; and to the' latter, the perpetual trouble of consulting-that which he may already possess. For our own part, we can with the greatest satisfaefion recommend. this sing'alar produalon, as likely to prove, of incalculable utility to the agricultural interests of. the British Empire, and as forming an eta in the history of Agriculture, This Work, which will certainly be hencefor ward (at least till the principles now established shall be entirely superseded by further discoveries) the OTAN.DABD BOOK on Agricultural Subjects, has its pratical utility greatly augmented (my the addition of nearly a hundred Inge engravings, many of them coloured from nature.; and may be pronounced from this circumstance, as well as from the Van quantity of printed matter which it contains, the cheapest Publication which has yet appeared in any depart. meet of art or science. It is dedicated, by per. mission, to the Right Hon. Lord CARBI2s6TON, late President of the Board of Agriculture; and it cannot be doubted that its' merits 'will obtain it the notice and patronage of the etasT Practical Farmer in his mil Dominions, as well as of 'the astir. FARmnas'among his Sul"►jefts. CORN EXCHANGE, Nov. 14.. From the extraordinary rise in Grain on Mon. day, the Market closed at prices exceeding our currency, which had the effeEt of good supplies to. day, with large further consignments, and the buyers declining present prices, few sales of Wheat are made, and those cheaper ; Rye, Raley, and Malt arc lower ; Beans and Pease of each sort are also sold at less ; Oats being in request, nearly main tain their price ; Flour little alteration. Wheat 9os a 98s a tip od *Beans -5 6 s a 629 od Fine ditto -116 s a tios od Tick Heins s a 58s ed Rye (new) -54 s a 60s <NU Oats ..18$ a 311. It 34$ od Harley a bas De. Poland do. 32s a ; Os od Malt•yea a-90 o d Rape Seed • 421 act White Pease 606 a (NS od I'lllo null( - 959 a xeos 04 Grey ditto - 529 a 57$ od' Seconds - yos a 9SS od On Sunday night the house of G. WAt.coT, Esq. at Himuneomitht was entered by some thirves, who carried away, undiscovered, plate and valuables to the amount a 5001, WOO LNOTII V. • RIF ADO W o This'case came before the Court on a demurrer.--. The question was, if the .plia put by the Defend.. ant on thee record, were a sufficient answer to the charge ? Ths action was brought for words spoken !also rt rnalicioll.. The wards were used •by the Defendant to the Plaintiff: The former, it seems, had intended to" enter into a' Society 'Of 'some 'En. gravers, he being himself of that profession;. and to prevent his .introduCti,:44 the latter had applied to him these expressions : " His;charaeter is infa. m•-uts ; he world be di,graceful to any Society ; whoever proposed-hint, must have intended is as an . insult. I will pursue film, •and hunt hilts -from ail Society. If he were'a Member of the Royal AC3.." dciny, I would take means that Ue shautd be ex. pelled." Then is inserted an inuendo, which de. licacy prevents our noticing, even-in the restricted terms in which it appears upon the Record ; and the information. upon_ which this charge is founded, is statpi to be received from a boy - nine years There is no general justification stated; but the Defendant contents himself with saying, that he received the inform a ti on alluded to in the latter part of the accusation from a child of the mime of Joseph Meadow. Mr. SCARLivr,' for the Plaintiff, argued for the insufficiency of the' pleas, from the case of Lord Northampton, in Coke's Reports:; from that of Elizabeth Meegs, in Crooke ; from another in Lord Raymond and a fourth in the 7th Term Reports, 17. He said, that giving the authority on the plea, and mu impartingit at the time the accosation was uttered, was no adequate justification. If the name of the' authority were discluied at the time of the-slander, the_ Plaintiff wookl have this advan. Cage, he would know where to apply for his re., medy, but the name' being concealed, be had no redress excepting against the party guilty of pro. pagating 'the slander. - The Learned L.' , Arnsel said, that formerly a greater degree of .minuteness was required in the pleadings than at present ; as where 'the charge was for murder, it was added, that the party against whom the an had been committed ts as dead. Mr. Justice LAUREN(' You are corren in this observation ; you may, perhaps, recollect a case where it was alledged, that a rn.4n had severed the 'wail, of another in a wain, ,so that a half of the h ea d was supported on each shoulder, yet the de.. claration was held to be bad, b.,canse there was no Averment, the the tom was killed." Mr. BUR UOUGH, Ern' the Defendant, contended, that as there was tot the. smallest ground fur say in a„y , anion could have been' twintaitied against the child, it was not necessary to mention t h e authority at the time when the words, said to he dcfittn A tory, were employed, He applied the loin-