The Sun. — London, England, 1822-01-08 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIG ENCE. JAN-. 5 —The .ly ing, recoi t vf4 41 e'yht o'clock iti the evetting-the day before yes. terday. . A Royal Ordinance,of the 3d, instant, appoints Vati:nesuil, the deputy of .the. Attorney-G6. neral in the. Royal Court of Paris, to be Secre tary-General of the Ministry of Justice. ReCent letters from Srny rna, which arrived at Marseiires ou the -'2Bth pecember, announce fresh disasters.' It is asserted that in consequence of an al:ercation betwekt 3 Turks and 2 Austrians, in which the Austrians, in their s own defence, killed one Turk and wounded another, a general massacre ensued. The Turks, to avenge the death of their countryman, flew to arms, and paraded thro'ugh the streets, murdering all who were not Mahometans. The ships cruizing before the town immediately sent their boats on shore to bring off the Consuls of the different nations whose lives w ere menaced, as well as sell the other, unfortunates who fled from the fury of the armed populace. It is said that 1000 Greeks PeOshed on this occasion, and also many Ira s,. but the numbyrs have not been ascertaiued.. The Gazeite Of 'Augsburg. anooonces, that, ac cording to accounts from Corfu of the 18th No - N ember, and 3d December, the Suliotes and Al banians have, at the instigation of All Pacha, buried their animosities and sennitted to the Greek Regency at Miisolongi; that with the exception of Coron, all the strong' places in the - YelopOnnesus were in the hands of the Greeks; that 'Arta 'had also surrendered ; and that in general the affairs . of Greece were very prosper ous in the Peloponnesus; Epirus, Thessaly, and •at Cassandra.. - ' • •: ° - Criminal- plots have been hatched in the garrison of Belfort. The conspiracy was to take effect on the 2d of January, and the three-coloured cockade was to be mounted.— . . • The King's Lieutenant having received in formation of the design, drew out, under arms, the battalion of . the 29th regiment-of the line, which forms the garrison of the place, and pro ceeded immediately to the barracks to arrest an adjutant sub-officer, -who was pointed out as one of the principal agents of this criminal intrigue. - Brae, Pegulu, Desbordes, and Delacombe, who figured in the conspiracy of the 19th of August, 1820, were also arrested at the moment when they commenced their flight from the town. The guarding of these four prisOners*as provisionally intrusted to the officer •.who commanded the neighbouring post.; but soon after this officer - himself fled along with his prisoners. Three • other officers have also disappeared. One of the individuals arrested pies -the bearer of five packets of cartouches. On arriving at one of the squares of the town, the King's Lieutenant fell in.with a numerous group, which dispersed on his approach, but from the midst of which a pistol-shot was ••• fired, • which struck him in the 'breast. The 'cross of St. -Louis with which this officer was • decorated. resisted the effect of the ball, and it is hoped that the wound will not be mortal. The soldiers -have manifested the greatest indignation. Order was completely restored long before the - departure of the courier. The General corn mending the department, the Attorney-General, I and the. Captain of Gendarmerie, repaired- With- 1 • out loss . of time to Belfort.-Glioniteur.) An epidemic malady appeared eliont the IBth of December last at the Royal Military School of. St. Cyr. The Lieutenant-General Commandant of the School caused the most a3si . dimus attention to be paid to the young patients by the . medical officers of.the establishment. He - also .sent : for Herminier, first : physican - of La •• Charite, and consulting physician of the school, and M. Bourdois, physiCian to the I.;:)itans de - France, who approved the treatment which had - , previously been followed, As soon as the Mi nisterof ..War was made acquainted with what ..tad :occurred at St; Cyr, his .Excellency sent thither:the Baron Desgenettes, InSPector-Gene of the SerVive of Health, who, in - concert with 'M. Lernazurier, physician . of the school, visited the sick of. the establishment. with the most scru ...: pulons-attention. . ;It - restilts from the reports made to the Mi . Lister of :War that the malady which prevails in ,„the Military School is an inflammatory fever, . combined in some individuals with an ataxic cha rii.cter, .':11t is in no respect contagious. Frofessidnal ment have irecognized that this •• epidemy has been occasioned by - tlie humid and' warm _temperature of the atmosphere, the .c9nti i:uance of south-west winds, and the extraordi nary and almOst unheard-of depression of tine ba rometer during several-days. •.• The aliments, the beverages, the regimen, l and . whOle 'Management althe house; were found to- be con formable-to the StricteM: rules: of health". • - It .is to be : Presurhed that'the epidemic will :cease as soon as the weather becomes cold and. dry. The present season gives reason to 'hope that the intensity of the Malady will progres . sively • • •' sp - eculators have to-day circulatedi.the report, that" a banking-house had received from Vienna,- by an accelerated conveyance, the as .surancethat the Porte had finally accepted . Russian u/iimoturr ; but this report .may have no• other foundation than an Exchange trick. The 'latest letters' from Odessa," a town in the. Russian Empire,, concur in stating precisely- tine contrary. •-=( Courier Erring ais.) La France Chretienne has stated, and seve ral Journals have repeated 'after -it, that the ashes of Voltaire and Rousseau have been re . .1 moved from the Vantheon ; the Journal des De irtis of yesterday added, that these remains had • been transferred to the Cementry of Pere La • Chaise ; but the Journal de Paris announces, that all: this is incorrectond that the ashes of these great men are still in the vault in which they were last deposited. . • Amidst these- cOritradictiOns,. and perhaps to = put an end to them, M.Girardin,has written to the Minister of the Interior, to claim the remains cif J. J, Rousseau, yhOse lessons he has not for ' gotten,*ith the design of" replacing them in Er menonvillei in-the very spot which •Jean,JaCques. chose for last nsylurn.—(Journal du Com m era cHANIBER OP DEPT' TIES.,.--BuLLE Tz* or JAN. 4. The bcputie l 's as-A.1111;4d in the bureaux to proceed to the,provisifonal examination of the law project -relative , to •the police of the -periodical press. a h c . e Corn oners namedare— , Ist Bureaux.—M. de Cardonnel ;2, M de - Martignac ; 3, the Count de la Bourdonnaye ; .I,,Le Chevalier Berbis ; 5, Nl. de Ronald'; '6, M e Darieux ; - 7;M: de Liniairac; 8, 'AI. de Rio court; 9): M. Freuilly., To-inorrow there %yin be a public sitting, for . • renewmg the bureaux. • • '1111:NCII rUND3. Jan. 4, Five per Cents. flank stock 1520. f. c. ODESSA, DEC. 10.----We have letters from Con stantinople to the 2d of December. This capital continues to he the theatre of great disorders. The Porte announced officially on the 30th of November to the European Ministers residing at Peru, that the Sultan had rejected the Ultimatum of Russia. A UGSBURG, DEC. 28.—A1l the efforts of the Foreign Ministers could.not induce the Porte to yield. The Cabinet of Petersburgh foresaw this . decision,,and.sentfor the. Commander-in-Chief, Gen. Count de Wittgenstein, to receive his orders: DEC.•3l.—The .? Commander. of the . 11.uSiian' Army_of: the. South, Count de Wittgenstein;` we are / , informed, repaired. to Petersbnrgh in strict incognito,, by order of the Emperor Alecander,. who- has delivered- to the .Cottnt his instructions on the plan of the campaign, it being intended that the Army of the . South shall penetrate into the Ottoman territory, as soon as war is declared. Count. de .N.Vittgensteinemained only fire days at Petersbiirgh, andthen returned to his head quarters:' The Emperor Alexander was expected to leave - Petersburgh immediately after Christmas, for Minsk, the head-quarters of the Imperial Guard. The Grand Duke Nicholas will remain for the present at %Vilna, with the regiment of the Guards, of which he is the Colonel. _ NUREMBERG, D ec. 27.—1 t. is confirmed that the Contractors for supplying provisions to the Russian troops only furnish their supplies for .a fortnight at a time ; whence it may be concluded that the troops will not long occupy their present positions ; for if they were to remain in them, it would be much more advantageous for all parties to furnish supplies for the whole winter at once. It is also certain that the Generals and Com manding Officers of Corps have received orders not to give any leave of,absence. FRATNIKEOIII ) . DEC. 30.--(B y express.)---The House of Rothschild received this morning an express from. Kenna, and immediately made public, that this messenger had brought the news that the Ottoman Porte had at length accepted the ultimatum of Russia. The Public Funds rose very considerably, and . notwithstanding it was Sunday (Christmas Day) much business was transacted.. .Yet every thing leads to the belief, that this news. is only - a; stock jobbing specula tion, for not only the Vienna Journals have.not arrived to-day, but the President of the Ger manic Diet, Count- de •Buol-Schauenstein, and -the Russian Minister, Baron d'Anstett, have not received any advices which might confirm so im portant a piece of intelligence, as that circulated by the House of Rothschild.—(Journal de Paris_) FRANKFORT, estafette arrived here from Vienna,, announces that a courier, dis patched on the 18th of December from Constan, tinople, had brought intelligence there, that,the Portehad at last accepted the Russian ultimatum, with some, slight modifications, the. decision of which was left by the Ottoman Government to the =• !gment . of -Austria. The Porte, besides, dear .ds that Austria, France, England,. and Russia, shall be guarantees of the treaty. Since this news has become known, : the funds have con— tinued to rise. It is said that tumultuous scenes have again taken place at Giesem i between the students and the disbanded soldiers of the regiment which was formerly in garrison in that tow n, and is now at 'orms. These tumults have even been sanguin ary, and have given occasion to an inquiry. (Journal dts Debats.) ANOTHER, LETTER,. SAME DATE.—Letters from Vienna, written by persons worthy of credit, and dated the 24th, contain the following pas sage : • Though the metallies experienced some depression to-day, well-infOrmed persons pretend that there is not the least pro. bability of war." The latter pert of this news is confirmed by an estafette arrived to-day from Vienna. The estafette left that city on the 25th at midnight, and brought a letter, of which the following are the contents:— •" VIEN"NAMEc. 25, 1 -11rD:rroriT. " A courier arriud to-day has brought the important intel ligence that the Turkish Ministry has accepted the Ultimatum .of Russia. .This news spread with incredible rapidriv,' and, .notwithstanding the solemn festival of this day; the public fUnds hIVc . had a considerable rise. In the evening it was added, that the Grand Seignior accepted the Ultirnaturn on the 19th of. Deceinber. More, precise details will probably be received toy morrow." . ,t , .-; The above news has produced a great sensa tion in the commercial world'here, and the public funds have ris e n cons ide ra bly. There are, how-- ever, many persons, among whom are some men of conseqUence, who, put' no faith in the intelli ence. A few days mo,re, and we shall know whether the statement is true or not.--(Mimiteur ) from the Frankfort jourlial). The caplufe bf the town of F.rzerum, and the conquest of- all Armenia by the Persi a n ar my, under the orders of Abbas Mirza., are fully con firmed. ft-is said that this army is to advance into Asia Minor, whilst Other Persian armies march towards Syria. NAPLES, DEC. 16.—(Extract from a Private Letter.)—The Austrian army remaining here consists of five divisions, forming 36,000 men. The division of Walmoden is stationed in Sicily; the division of Mohr io the Abruzzi ; the divi sion of Lederer on the frontiers ; the division of Hesse Hombourg at Naples; the division of Vied in the province of Molisa. La Puglia and the Calabrias are not occupied. Cardinal Talinizi s Ruffa - it is said, is to be appointed Minister o f Fi nal Hie,. j 4 a have sent 500 merr against the band of brigands who arrested'out• courier between Itri and .pifafio: :The brigs ids were fifteen in num ber. The courier had two travellers with him, one of whom,. M. Prombella, proprietor at Ter racina, was wounded in the attack. They were both carried off to the mountains, and the ban ditti require a ransom of 20,000 ducats -from the relations of Prombella. The King enjoys the best health, and always presides in the Council of Ministers. SOPHIA (OR 13uLoAttrA), Nov. 19.—The rein forcements that have successively arrived have raised the . Turkish army now in the country to above 30,000 nien, and to this circumstance may be ascribed the check in the petty mountain war fare with an infinite number of more 'or less con siderable bodies of partizans. A kind of typhus fever is said to rage among the garrison of Ras grad, in the Pachalik - of Nicopoli. RussTA, - DEc. 12.-13 y an Imperial Ukase, of. Oct. 15, the proceedings of the Freemasons are prohibited, and their lodges are - ordered to be closed throughout the whole empire. A similar measure has been adopted in Poland: FROM TIIE COAST OF THE AviEEi . ITERRANE IN, DEc..l6.—We are without any direct news from Constantinople, as well as from Salonichi, - and most of the other - ports of Puropean Turkey. •Commercial reports from' the . Island of - Scio mention the arrival'of cargoes Of cornlrn ro the Black Sens `: other v essels from the Archipe lago have also arrived there. We likewise are visited by Russian ships from Odessa, or by ships belonging to the west of F.;urope, whith come . from the Black Sea. .By them we learn the augmentation of the•-Russian troops in the en virons of Tiflis, V. here• a large army is to assem ble, in order, it is presumed, to penetrate into Asia Minor, as soon as war is declared between the Porte and Russia, of which nobody doubts. In the. Greek Islands armaments are actively carrying on to continue the struggle that is begun. The Greeks are 'again quiet masters of the Archipelago ; they especially exert themselves to strengthen their marine. FRONTIERS OF ITALY, DEC. 21.-- - --We are en tirely without authentic accounts of .the military ,operations of the Persians. "At - Smyrna commer cial letters had been received, stating, that one of the corps had taken Erzerum and the greater part of Armenia,: . and that Cardistan was in the power of another Persian corps. But they are said to have retired from the side of Bagdad and to have evacuated BaSSOrab, Which they held for a short time, without any reason appearing for their retreat. We have the same accounts from Alex.andria, frOtri, Which city they write that the Pacha of Egypt has been called upOn by the Sul tan to send a corps of troops to Asia, and with another army to keep the Wechabites in check, but that the Pacha is not making any armament, and `did not seem disposed to obey ;these coal- . mands. FROM THE DANUBE, DEC. 2-I.—Authentic ac counts from Widdin, of the 9th December, say butlittle of the insurrection in Servia, which has been so much talked of. On the other hand, the Pacha of Saloniehi has sent to the Pacha of Wid din, the official account of the destruction of the Greek insurgent force at Cassandra, after an ..ob stinate engagement which lasted fourteen hours, ,and in which the Greeks lost above 6,000 men. According to this Turkish account numerous di visions of the Greeks laid down their arms ; ethers fled on board Ilyd"Oot ships, which continued to infest that sea and the adjacent country. They had ventured several landings on the coast, de stroyed small towns and villages, and distributed Proclamations. The Pacha had already taken measur3s to put a stop to these disorders. He has detached 12,000 Asiatic troops to reinforce Chourschid Paella: The Turks flatter themselves with ending the siege of the fort of Joannina by a general assault, the success of which can hardly be doubted. VIENNA, DEC. 24.--The: Austrian Observer of to-day says-----" Accounts received yesterday from th e frontiers of. Dalmatia confirm, the p rev i ous news of the advantages gained over. Ali Pacha by .Cbourschid Pacha (who has been lately appoint ed Pacha of Joannina.) On the 13th Novem ber he took the two :forts of Listarizza and La Grellia, which are - the strongest outworks of Joannina, and it is expected with great proba bility that Ali will soon be obliged to surrender, or, as has been long expected, to put an end by a desperate resolution to the contest and his life together." . BATAVIA, AUG. 25.—0 n the 17th instant, about two o'clock, P.M., a terrible fire broke out in the town of ,Cheribon,'by which, in less than two hours, eighty houses fell a prey to the flames, and the whole of the Javanese, liampong,.Lima Woenka, were reduced to ashes.. It is owing to. the indefatigable exertions,. not only of the Eu ropean, but of the Javanese and Chinese popula tion, that the whole place was not.destroyed, as a, high S. E. wind carried large . pieces.. of burnitrg matter through the air, which falling on the, roofs 'of the houses, set the town on 'fire in several places at once. The origin of the misfortune is unknown ; the fire broke out in-the - house of a silversmith. .• JAN. I. It is affirmed-that-the Bavarian Privy Counsellor, Von Bohner, is charg ed with a mission to Stockholm relative to - a mar riage of the present Crown. Prince of Sweden with a daughter of Prince Eugene. than any of their former ones, as it is to give us an Upper House and a Charter of Their own making instead of the Constitution ; or, in other words, a cloaked despotism, - which does not !•ti mucli encourage a reaction as ati absolute one would do; and however it may be disguised, always tends to throw down the pOnciples, and trample under foot, the, ;sacred ,l'aAp. of the so vereignty of the people. It is undeniable that many Members of the present Cortes are en gaged in this infamous plan, and these men, chiefly belonging to the Liberates of 1812, have .united with their antipodes, the Afrancesados, for this very purpose as well as with the Serviles. Fortunately, those who worked the restoration of the country last year possess more strength and more - means to sustain the edifices, and, believe me, they display their energy. The people will act with them. 1 'foresee all the consequences and all the dangers of a civil war; but slavery is the most dreadful of all evils'. The strength of the patriots, am confident, is sufficient. The whole- of Andalusia is decided so as to be re lied upon, under any emergency. Cartha gena, Murcia, and Alicant are equally deter-, mined. Catalonia and Gallicia offer a support, - and evenin the interior possibly there is a better disposition than °tie would think. Do net fear from this struggle any retrograde movement. — We - who are hear the theatre, and see ihings as they are, have calculated all arid foreseen all the chances, and although - We may be inclined to overrate our own. efforts, we can nevertheless, guarantee to the friends of freedom the triumph of the holy cause in the Peninsula. R E V U E. INCOME AND CHARGE ON THE CONSOLIDATED . FUND IN THE QUARTER ENDED sTli JAN. - 1tt227. ' INCOME. Customs .. - -£1,513,195 Excise - - . - X 5,368,664 Stamps - - - - - - 1,497,128 Poet Office - -305,000 Assessed ss3ssed Taxes .. - - - 08 2,2 3 92,70 6 8 0 Land Taxes . . . - • 473,000 Miscellaneous - 119,096 Unappropriated War Duties - -- 7,200 £11,581,501 .Brought from Supplies, being the amount issued f in Ireland pursuant to At 57 Geo. 111. c. 48. 1 471,287 Total income - £12,052,768 CHARGE. Exchequer Annuities . - - - £23,231 'South Sea Company - - . _ 168,172 Bank on their Capital - - 89,123 Dividends , - - - - 9,388,745 National Debt ' - - - . 3,159,090 Civil List - . - _ . - 212,500 Pensions - - - - - .81,445 . _ Annuities - . 121,713 Other ch - arges - 220,979 Total charge Income, as above 13 450 000 12,04763, Deficiency - - 1,397,232 To this deficiency add deficiency at 10th of Oct., 1821 8 165 752 9,562,984 Deduct cash issued in further redemption of 2,637,0001. Exchequer Bills deposited in thellellers' chests 600,000 Total amount of bills to be provided for, charged on the . groirling produce of the Consolidated Ftina, in the quarter ending sth April, 1822 PRICE Ok THIS DAY AT TV £8,962,984 STOCKS ELVE O'CLOCK. 3 per Ceht. Iled. l7ig 5 per Cent. Navy Ann 104 3 per Cent. Cons. 76W, et div. cx div. • 34, per Cent. • 83A4 Irish 5 per Cents. 4 per Cent. • lifla Excheq. Bills 5 6pr. I Bank Long Ann. 193 Cons. for• Opening 184fil HIGH WATER AT LONDO . Morning, 2 minutes after 2. 4 . BRIDGE TO-MORROW 4. Evening, 26 minutes after 2 THE SUN. SOLE. g, QUIS DICERS F.I,LSUM ALTDE;II' -LONDON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 8, 1822. SPAIN. MADRID, D EC. 20.--(Private Letter.)—Strange things have been passing here of late. The ene mies of the Constitution, hardened and incapable of being reconciled to any thing reasonable, are continually plotting against the felicity of this nation, deserving of a better fate, and at present our position is very singular. The King, of course, does not go on sincerely, and this fact can no longer be disguised. His Ministers also have placed themselves at the head of the coun ter-revolution. The object is to replunge us into that state of despotism in which we were in the year 1814, with the Inquisition, &c. over our Beads. If we have gained nothing else, at least we have made our enemies know the absolute impossibility of again bring ing us back to this state of degradation. The most consummate Serviles have the accents of li berty on their lips, but not in their hearts. Their present plan is infinitely more dangerous A report prevailed on 'Change this morning, said to have been received by private letters, that some fresh disturbances had taken place in Spain, in consequence of which the Spanish- Funds had lowered 4 per cent.; but as yet we could not trace it to any authentic source. The French Papers of Saturday, and various German Journals to a.verY recent- date, have ar rived since our last, from which we give extracts in our - preceding columns. The report in the article from Frankfort, that the Porte had . actep-' .ted the. Russian ultimatum on: the 19th of • Dec.',. appears'to have been circulated by the House•of RotilsCiinn, and is considered to be a stock jobbing speculation, as not only the Vienna ..Tour mils of the 26th •of December, the day after the courier dispatched from Constantinople with the above intelligence is said to have arrived in the Austrian capital , are silent on the s u bj ec t, b ut the . President of the Germanic Diet, anti the Russian •Ministeri --Peron D'ANSTETT, are also without any advicee respecting so important an event as that circulated by the house : of ROTH. SCHILD, which we think would not have been the case if there had been any truth in the report. An article from Odessa says that the .Porte officially announced to the European Ambassa-• dors at Constantinople on the 30th Nov. that the SULTAN had rejected the ultimatum of Russia ; and it would seem as if the Cabinet of Petersburgh had anticipated:this result, for Count de WITT 7 ' GENSTEIN, commanding the Russian Army of. the South, had been ordered to Petersburg!' by the Emperor A.I.XANDER, to receive his final in;- structions for the plan of the campaign, and after staying in that capital only five days, returned to his Head-quarters. It has long been understood that the Russian army on the-Pruth was destined to penetrate into the Ottoman territory as soon as war was declared, and the joutr.ne.y of this Rus sian General. to Petersburgh, and.his speedy. re turn, as well as the circumstance or 'the Russian troops being furnished with provisidus only from fortnight to fortnight, lead tol the belief that Rnsi i i is._ oh the ;point of advancing her armies ~ .N4 • -s to the enemy ' s country. Recent Letters from Constantinople bring ac counts that a severe storm had taken place in the Black Sea, in which twenty vessels have perish ed, and that among them were several belonging to Marseilles. Extract qr a Letter from NeF York, Dec.lo. " The Congress of the United States, the Su preme Power of the Land, is now in session, and the Legislature of Twelve States are also now in session, viz.-- 7 -Vermont, Rhode Island, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Marylaitel, North Caro lina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Ten: nessee, Kentucky, and Missouri. Thus we have the Supreme Central Government in . motion, and a great number of others, in many respects _equally supreme and independent, like so many planetsrevolving around it, and in motion at the same time ; and long may these Governments con tinue to move in harmony, each, within its own The increase of. Crime and the state of our Penal Laws are subjects of such deep and anxious concern, so full of diiliculty, and so urgently requiring investigation, that any man who honestly bestows uppn them his labour and Ingenuity, with whatever ultimate success, at least . deserves credit f or hi s i n d ustr y,..and respect for his public-spirited intentions. But they are sub jects also which, especially in any popular disserta tion,should be handled with peculiar care and accu racy, for a few rash conclusiotis..and unwarranted phrases thrown into common circulation, on topics of this kind, are likely to produce great imme diate mischief, and obstruct, rather than advance, the good ends they were designed to serve. We are led to . these observations. by the broad and startling reflection which has been thrown : upon our Criminal Courts in the recent publica tion, by Mr. BurroN, member fox — Weymouth, of his Speech in Parliament on the 23d . of last May. _ . To those who were unacquainted with the con tents of this speech, it must be not little asto nishing, in the midst of so discreet and temperate a discourse, to find it boldly anti directly asserted. that the greater number of our criminal trialu are scenes of downright perjury ; of perjury in Jurymen, perjury in Witnesses, and more than perjury in Judges ; a complication of guilt occa sioned by the necessity of evading the too severe provisions of our Statute Law. • • For the proof ,of this formidable charge, the Hon. Member does not vouch his own personal observation, or that,. of any experienced friend, .nor does he produce any grave documentary au thority. But he has diligently gone over the sessions Papers for a certain period, .and has cot ircoottil;esdricoaeirldi lected from these dry and meagre records a list of cases in which prisoners were accused of steal et isivseaftltiulataothi an pa a irt r t t iao i lru.l amount but were io d ini e gl r y ed uCuomn the ev. o li n ch t these examples, which he has accumulated to the num -Ifer,lie says, of twelve h un d re d, h e tri ump h an tl y .grounds his alarming imputationS on the criminal justice of the country. Certainly, if such .charges were well founled, it would be b :;ter that oeences should be treated with .any degree of lenity, it would be better that robbery should go altogether unpunished, than that.the Ic.iNo's Courts should become a school in which his sub jects should be taught the practice of sophistry and bad faith, and daily compelled: to trifle with the most solemn obligations.. But„ without calling in question the correctness of the Sessions Papers, as far as their-information goes, we arc much inclined to dispute the accu racy of those conclusions which have been rested on their authority. First, in comparing the verdict with the charge; Mr. flux•rorr - does not seem to have recollected that the persona who *prepare bills of indictment against prisoners, are. always careful to state at leaSt as much as the prosecutor can possibly be expected to prove ; and that an indictment may be decorated with a whole wardrobe of clothes, or a complete skew glass of. trinkets, when the witnesses . shall only identify a waistcoat, or. a watch-key.. Such, very probably, •was the case in many of the twelve hundred instances adduced before-the House of Commons. Again, the stolen property discovered in a criminal's possession, may be the accumu lated produce of a twelvernot: l _ ll7 ' 3 pil f ering ; 'and the prisoner cannot, under a' single chatgq be -convicted of several .tbefts." The Jury is therefore obliged W.-select some one of the combined offences out of which the prosecution arose, and that one, in all probability, does not amount, by - itself, to a capital crime. The Mem ber. for Weymouth, indeed, asserts that an eva -IS.on. is practised, when, for - want of contrary : proof, it is. supposed that the property was stolen of various times ; .but this evasion is, ill fact, only the application of a principle strictly equi :table, and, : to' the honour of our Courts, reli gionsiy, adhered to in all cases, from the- blackest mnrderjo.the most trivial Inisderneanotir, that if there be any uncertainty, any failure of material proof, the presumption shall be in favour of the accused. It is reasonable to suppose, that a great proportion of the twelve hundred 'verdicts in question were given under circumstances like these, and without the smallest infringement, by Jurymen,, of the duty prescribed to them by their oath ? Another cause of scandal is the estimating of property at less than its value by witnesses and jurors, for the purpose of avoiding capital con victions. We believe that it is a common prac tice on trials where life may depend upon the event, to rate the stolen property as low as if it were to be disposed of at the greatest imagin able d'sadvantage. And, considering that the value of goods (more especially of those which have been deteriorated by use). can scarcely in any instance be deposed to like a settled matter of fact; that in almost every case considerable scope is left for the exercise of private judgment;