The Sun. — London, England, 1853-09-23 00:00:00

SHARE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.) BRITISH RAILWAYS. RAJLWATit. Closing Prices Yesterday. Basin ess done 1 Si this day. 4}i xdl 11 52 4 501 I Si 100 8i all lAberdeen Ambg. Nottng, Bost. & Eastn. June Thrumg. Wolverh. & Stour Valley... -..- Birkenhd. Lancsh. & Cheshire Junct Do. Chesh. & Birk., £5O & £25 Cane Do., L2O !Bristol & Exeter.. Chester & Holyhead Cork and Bandon Cork, Black. Sz, Pass Dublin&BelfastJunc Dundee Perth &Aber deen Junction Do. New `East Anglian (£25 L. & E. & L. & D.) Do., (£lB E. & H.) Eastern Counties Eastern Union, Class A. late E. U. Sh Do., do.. ..... Do., B. & East Lancashire East & West Ind. Dk & Birming. June Edinburgh& Glasgow Edinb. and Peebles._ Edinb. Prth. &Dundee Glasgow & S.Western Great Northern Stk Do., A. Stock Do., B. Stock Gt. Sth. &West. (Ire.) Great Western Irish South-Easters. Lancaster & Carlisle Do., Thirds....— . . Lancasn. &Yorkshire Do., Fifths .... Do., Wst. Riding Un. Leeds Northern Liv. Crsby. & So utb pt London & Blackivall Loud. Tilb. & Sthend. Loud ght. &S. Cst. London & N. Western ,Do. Fifths Do. ,16/. SI) ,M&B C London dr S.Western Do., £5O Do., L 40.. Lnndrry. diColeraine Lndndrry. & Ennisk. Manch. Shef. drLineln. Do., Man. &Lin. Un. Midland Do. Birming.dz Derby Midland G. West.(lr.) Do. Shares ..... Newcastle & Carlisle.. Newmarl: et ...... Do. Bury Extensions Newpt.A berg.&Htfd Newry & Enniskillen Newry Warrenpoint & Rostrevor Norfolk.. Do., New Norihn. Counties Un North British ...... North Devon, N 0.1 ., 'Do., No. 9 Dc., A Deferred... Do., B Guaranteed North Staffordshire..! North Western........ N. do S. Westrn. June. Oxford Worcester & Wolverhampton Scottish Central Scottish Midland Shrewsbury & Do., L. & Ir. Westn. Guaranteed Stock Shrewsby. & Herefd Shrewsby. & Chester (Nor. W. Min.) Do. Halves, do. Do. Oswestry ..,_. Shropshire Union. South Devon South Eastern.......„ South Wales S. Yorksh. River Dun 5 D 0....... .... Stockton & Hartlepl. Thames Haven Dock and Vale of Neath......... Waterfd. & Kilkenny Waterford&Limerick West C0rnwa11........ Wmbled on &Croydon Woodford York Newctl. & Berw. Do. Extensions....... Do. G.N.E. Purchase York 4 N. Midland.. PIEFEREN St. St. 20 St. Aberdeen Do., No. 2 7 p c Bris. di Ex. 13. ;. Do. 4 p. c. Shares Caledouian £lO Chester di Holyhead Guar. 54 per cent Cork&Baudon 5i p.c Dundee Perth&Aber deen Junction EastA nglian (.£3los) 6 per cent Do. (g 5) 7 per cent Do. (2,7175) 7 p. ct Eastern Counties Ex tension, 5 p. c. No.l Do., No. 2.. ...... Do., New 6 p. c. St.. Eastern Union, Scrip Guar. 6 per cent.... EastLancash. 6 p.cts. Edinb.Prth.&Dundee 54 per cent..... Glasgow & S.Western guar. 5 per cent.... Great Northr sp. c. Do. 5 p. c. , Redeem. , at 10 p. c. pram Gt. Southn. &Westn. (Ireland) Eighths... Gt. Westn. (Berko & Hants Ex. 5 p. c.).. G. West. fixed .q p C. Lan. & York. F. £2O, Do., 6 p. c., Stock... London and,Brighton Guaranteed 5 p. c... no. Pref., 5 p. c. St. I Do. Convertible, sp. c., 1852 ... Do. New Guar. 6 p.c. London & S.Western, Con. Thirds 12 1 1 Bt. Bt. all 10j 100 . 100 100 100 100 100 all 100 10.io 6 Londonderry& Coler. 5hare5.............. Londy. & Ennis. Nianch.,Shef. , & Lin., Shares, No. 1...... Do. New, £10......... Mary pt. &Carl. 4 p. c. Do. 4l per cent .. Mid. Consol. 6 p. c. St. Do. Consol. Bristol & Birm. 6 per cent Do. Pref. 4 per cent 'Norfolk Extension._ Do. Pref. Z 4 per et Do. Way. Val. 5 p North British North Staffordshire Oxford Worcester & Wolverh. 1;15,6p. c Do Shrews& Birm. N. G. Shrewsby. & Chester p. c. Do. 5 per cent South Devon Do. New S. Eastern (Reading Ann.,) of 21 Os.6d. S. Yorksh. 4p. c. Guar. Waterfd. &IClk. 6p. c. York Newcastle and Berwick, 4 p. e . Pref. Do York& N. Midland H, & S. Porch 1021 109 8t FOREIGN. 10 5 Antwrp &Rotterdam 2 61; 1 , 3 Belgian East. Junct. 1 `" all Charleroi & Erquelin 134 14. 20 20 10 Dijon and Besnon 1 - 2 8 Dutch Rhenish ‘k, 2O all East Indian 3 - 1 Do. Extension k - P 20 all Gt. Indian Peninsula 1 64 10 Gd. Junct. of France 2 2A s `ui 20i Gt. Westn. of Canada Shares 3 ld 5 3 Lucca and Pistoja, 5 20 15 Lu p pref exembourg 6 64 10 10 Do. (R a il wa y) 3i 4 2 2Do ••• 3 Do. (Canal) 1 1i 4 D o . 6p. cen t. p re f. 1— d `" 9 Lyons & Mediterran. L o , 74 Madras — 1 p Zol 29 Maria Antonialo 10 Do. New — 20 all Namur & Liege (with interest 6.k ?) all Do. (ex interest) 16 all Northern of France 33 -84 344 all Do. 201. 3 p. c. Bds Umy.B.&Ams.Shs ] 13i - 14 , 1 ° all I N rwegianTrnk.Pref 7 4 8 ` 43 ,,,, ‘ 10 Parisl ° and Lyons lsi —l6 p 264 . 4 " all j) ris and Orleans i`u„ !Paris and Rouen 4O —42 f ,u all Parisj an d Strasbourg 37. —3B 38/ u 4 I ParisCaen&Cherbrg. 3i. 20 101 10 .1,Quebec & Richmond d all Houen and Havre .... 20 all ' Sambre 'Sambre and Meuse_ 194 20 8 , 8i 8 20 10 4 Do. 54 per cent. prof . • 6 Southern of France.. 3i — 41 P 20 . 2s. Up per India Scrip ... sax P Par At all West Fl an d ers 3i 4 0 10 Do. 54 p er e . P re f, ••d estern of France 8 • gip 2x 2 est. of Switzerland 'iv 9 New Z ea l an d.... -- 23 4 12 10 d, 16 18 5 4 d gii - 52 16 - 17 7; - 8i 3 4 111 - 12 43 - 47 28 - 32 64 - 66 w) = 64 24' = in ii - 7 3 42 - 44 122 - 324 1102 - 104 80 --804, 86 - - 90 12 —l4 p 64 —64 i 7,1 7 d 4 —34 d 12i 13 74 -- 7i -- 96 -- 1 9 8 1001 -100 i par — F par -- 74 76 13 -- 12 d 114 -- 100 18i -- 57 -57 i 33 - 35 1 52 55 4 3 d . - ... 45 - 47 4 —3 dl , 26 —27 8— 10 2 7 i t i 6 5d 1 —2 p 37 - 39 83 - 90 63 - 60 65 - 67 61 68 1 2 I.ndis 16 - 18 8 - 9 12 -- 13 17 -- 19 - 60 - 61 34 - 35 3 - 4 28 - 30 21 34 146 - 15 .. - • ... - • 61" = 6 9 Bid 3a 3 d It 46 SHARES. .- iO3: 17 -- 18 6 -- 61 34 -4/ 5 1 4 -14 p 1 -14 P, 1 -- 14P' 131 14 20 -• 21 Ill? = 12.0 lus no 8 98 =_ 1 7 01 d p 140 145 2i - 3 6 7 9 3 / 4 - 10 Ipar P 140 145 i(1 par 107 - 109 24 - 25 I - 1 10A - 11. 16i 17i1 P 14 134 i par_ 24 3 / 4 - 25 19 - 20 98 - 102 5 - 5.1 id 4di 25 25 St. SO lii St. 196 14 8i all 100 al l l 100 111 114 all all all 100 all 100 100 100 100 100 all all 6 all 100 all 100 20 100 11 LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS. 1 Leasing I Closing Prices Business Sbr. Paid RAILWAYS. Compans. yesterday. this day. St. 100 Buckghamsh. L. &N.W. 99 101 50 all Clydesdale le. Caledon... 50 b 2 St. 100 E.Lincoln. gr 6p. cent Gt.Northn 144 148 25 all elstr.&Dn.Fr Gt.Westn. 30 32 LOO all Hrtlpl. Dk. & Yk. New. Railway & Berw.. ... ... 50 all Hull & Selby Y.&N.Md. 107 109 25 all Do. Shares Do 53 55 12a all Do. I Shares. Do 27 28 121 all Lon.&Greenw S.Eastern l4l 14-* 20 all Do. Preference Do 26 27 St. 100 Lowestoft gr. 4 per cent... Norfolk St. 100 Do. 6 per et... Do — - 5h all Manch•Bston. Ln.&N.W and Matlock & Midld 2l _3hx(i 50 all Midcllesbro' & Stckton & Redcar Darlingt. 100 all Midld.Bradfd Midland... 109 102 100 50 all Northern and Easternsp.e. E. Count.. 60 62 50 all Do. 6 per et Do — ... 50 all Do.Fixedsp.c Do ... . ... 25 all Prest. &Wyre L. &IS. W &Ludi Yk ... xd x d 12i 11? Do. 1 Shares. Do — ... x d St. 100 - Roystn.&Hit. Gt.Northn 142 146 St. 100 Do.Shepth.St. Do 142 146 25 18 Shef. Roth. & Laneash.& Goole g. 5. p. c Yorks& - •• • 12 9i S. Staffordsh.. MrMClean 1— lid x d 50 all W ear V a lleygr Stockt. & x d 6 per cent ... Darling . ..• 58 25 all Do Do 29 31 294 St. 100 Wilts&Somrst Gt.Westn 9B 102 MINES. 2tIISCELL. Aubin Coal and Iron Australian Agricult. Australsn.Pcific.Mail Australn. Royal Mail Brit. American Land 8.-it. & Coln. Smeltg. and ReduaL:on Co Canada Company Crystal Palace Crystal Pal. of France Eastern Steam Electric Tel. of Irel Gen. Steam Navigat General Screw Steam Irish Beetroot Sugar Magdalena St. Navig. Nat. Pt. Steam Fut)? Netierlands Land N. B. Australasia - 1— NAIL of ZuropeSte,anc ?eel Pr. Ld. & Minrl. Peninsular & Oriental Do. do. ?ortland Iron Co Royal Mail Steam_ Scot. Aus:; - _:.l. Izves J Do. New Scrip South Austral. Lam - Submarine Telegrapl Van Diemen's Land 1 1 all )s. all ,0 2 ;0 6 1 all 1 all 1 all 1 all 1 all 10 13.5 15 24 Agra Fria Anglo Californian Australasian Australian Australian Cordillera Australian Freehold Ave Maria Baden (Gd. Duchy of) British Austrin. Gold British Iron Brazilianlmp.(issued at £5 pm Do. Cocaes & Cuiada Do. St. John Del Rey Carsons's Creek Cobre Copper Colonial Gold 1 } all Copiapo . Copper Min. of Eng. Do. Pref. 7 p. cent. English and Austin. 5 I all 5 I all A all 2 all 3 all 1 all 1 all 1 all 1 all .0 9 1 all 1 all 5 1 1 all 10i 1 1 all ,O 7 2/ all 1 all 1 all 1 all 1 all Copper Smeltg. Co. General.. Great Nugget Vein.., Great Polgooth . Lake Liberty Lond. &CaWorm Gold Quartz Crush. Co Mariquita ........ Mexican& S, Americo New Granada Nouveau Monde Port Philip Quartz Rock Rhymney Iron Do. New Santiago de Cuba South Australian Tin Croft... United Mexican Waller West Granada.. West Mariposa Yuba JOINT-STOC LO I all LO I all 0 all 0 2 10 25 10 20 ',O 10 !CI 1 15 10 1 20 K) 35 o I 10 0 122 i 5 all * 25 .0 all 5 1 5 125 5 all I lo Australasia British Colonial Bank and Loan Company British N. American Chrtd. Bnk. of India, Austral., and China Chrtd. Bnk. of Asia. Colonial . Commercial of Lond. English Scottish and Australian Chrtd London Ch:td Bnk of Australia London and County London Joint Stock Lond.andWestminst National Provinciat of England Do. New National of Ireland Oriental Bank Cor poration Provincial of Ireland Do. New ... Royal Australn. Bkg. and Gold Imp. Co South Australia Union of Australia Do. New Union of London Union of Madrid pj i t 4 — dal 2 -- 3 4 A d d dis— par; d' 7 9 5 1 5 ;0 8 0 6 .0 33 10 326 5 5 4 2, !CI 1 1 1 5 1,4 ?,0 14 M 5 1 all .0 3 1 all ?,0 7i 5 all I all 1 A 15 25 i all )0 28 3f -- 31 3 2f -- 21 2i -- 34 —id 433 -44 i fil) 101 -- 111 55 -- 65 Gz -- 7i p 24 3d 14 -- 16 P 2i -- 2 d d 6i -- 7 la d d --8 d 3i ) cl— parl 7 3 4 d di BANKS. 70 - 74 id par 14 dis ~ - 2 1 dl par - 1 pl 44 - 48 i d • par 37 39 60 64 N 7if TEOUS. 29 - 31 58 :- -- 62 li - lip - j. ( 1 F:1 par i - IP ~ - ••• 1} i 1. p ii = 33 14 - 1G 4i i 61 i 41 2 44 21 31, 2 .1 LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(TRIS DAY.) LONDON, Sept. 23.—Wind this day at Noon, W.S.W., light breeze and dull cloudy weather. There appears to have been a heavy gale at sea on the 10th inst., in about let. 49, long. 35, to lat. 54, long. 22, and many vessels were partially dismasted. DEAL, Sept. 23.—The Bertha, of and for Konigsberg, from Havre, struck on the Goodwin Sand, came off and sunk in deep water ; crew saved and landed here. SHEERNESS, Sept. 23.—Wind, W.S.W. Arrived-21a liner, Sierra Leone. PORTSMOUTH, Sept. 22.—Wind, W. to W.S,W. Sailed —Prince Albert, New York. OFF DARTMOUTH.—AIfred, Manzanillo, for Bremen ; Alice, Jamaica. PLYMOUTH, Sept. 22.—Arrived—Reform, Labrador. GLOUCESTER, Sept. 22.—Arrived—Bloomer, Pictou ; Indus, Quebec. Sailed—Sarah Ann, New York ; Frede rick, Shediac. SUNDERLAND, Sept. 22.—Arrived Tasso, Quebec ; lanthe, do. Sailed—Ocean Gem, Cape of Good Hope ; Idelia (?), do. CUXHAVEN, Sept. 20.—The Adab, Newport to Har burg, is on shore on Schaerharn, and may be considered as totally lost ; crew saved. BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY, 10.45 A.M. Wind W., strong breeze, and: fine. Arrived—Hibernia, from New York. Off.—Washington and Constellation. from New York ; Trinity, yacht, from Denia ; Dumbarton Youth, screw steamer. Sailed—Joseph Walker, for New York. (BY SUBMARINE AND EUROPEAN TELEGRAPH.) DEAL, FRIDAY, 9.13 A.M. Wind W.S.W., moderate, and cloudy. Passed—Alice,. from Jamaica for London. Anchored—Marie Leocadia, from London for Geelong ; Adage, from London for Bahia; Juuo, from London for Cardiff. CREMORNE GARDENS. —The extensive and merited popularity of those extraordinary gymnasts, the Italian Brothers, aided by the favourable state of the weather, attracted an immense concourse of visitors to these gar dens yesterday afternoon. At seven o ' c l oc k t h e intrep id pair ascended on the double trapeze attached to the car of the Royal Cremorne, in which Mr. Adams, the aeronaut, was seated. The ascent was brilliantly ef fected, and hailed by the hearty cheers of th e asse mbled thousands. After a rapid flight of ten minutes in a high wind, the adventurers landed in safety near Ilford, at Albro Hatch, and received the most courteous attention from Mr. Archer, the proprietor of the ground where they made the descent. On their return to the gardens to perform the marvellous feat "Le Saut de Riviere ' " the Italian Brothers were chaired in triumph through the multitude, who by this time thronged the glittering scene of festivity almost to inconvenience. One of the best nights of the season attested the high favour in which they are held by the public, and we have very little doubt Mr. Simpson, who understands his business as well as any public man can do, will secure their re appearance in the next season. The usual features of the evening were displayed with the greatest spirit, and an air of universal conviviality appeared to pervade the dense and very highly-respectable company which ho noured the gardens with their presence. THE FORTHCOMING ELECTION OF LORD MAYOR.— The election of Lord Mayor for the City of London, in the room of Alderman Challis, M.P., who will complete his year of office, on the 9th November, will . take place in the Guildhall on Thursday next, the 29th inst. The aldermen who have not yet passed the chair, and who are therefore, eligible for election, stand in the followingorder :—Aldermen Sidney, Moon, Salomons , Lawrence, Sir R. W. Carden, Wire, Carter, Cubitt, and Muggeridge. According to usual custom the assembled livery will present two of these gentlemen to the Court of Aldermen, who will select one, so that if the choice of the livery should fall upon the two senior aldermen, as it undoubtedly will, Alderman Sidney, being the first will, in all probability, be chosen to fill I the mayoralty for the year 1853-4. 73 2i 1221 80 i a 80 i x d and x n pm ad ad ad ad 7i I 101 f 1003 7545 54 7i ad ad ad ad 26 I 3! 66 I 4 I 11 11 ad 44 3t 4 THE,' SITN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, BEPTEMBER 28, 'abb. MARKET NETS-(THIS DAY.) $l5. The body decayed so fast that it became neces sary to bury her yesterday. She left the following poetry, and a postscript which gives a clue to her state of mind : " 0 Cyrus, dear Cyrus, It was for loving you That makes me so unhappy, For you have proved to me untrue. "How many times you have promised That you would marry me, But how little did I think That ruined I should be. " I know you have tried to ruin me, But now I'm far away, And perhaps we ne'er shall meet a: in Until the judgment day. "I have strayed far from friends and home, You for to forget, But you are ever present, And you I think of yet. " Now you and I are parted, Perhaps never in this world to meet, Remember there is a meeting— It will be at the judgment seat: " Pray, think how you have wronged me, And remember what you have said ; And may it not escape your mind When on your dying bed. "And when our bodies they are laid Beneath the cold, cold clod, Our spirits will return unto A just and holy God. "And then to be judged By the God that rules on high ; The Judgment's fast a p proac hi ng — The Judge, he will not lie." " Cyrus,—Several months have elapsed since I saw you, and how many sad hours I have seen within that time. I often think—oh that I had never seen you, for you have destroyed my happiness, I fear, for ever . Now, while you are enjoying yourself in the gay world reme mber that yen have been the destroyer of;one's happiness—one that loved you sincerely. If you had treated me as you should, you would have found in me a devoted friend. What is passed cannot be recalled. lam now far from those that I 011C3 prized as friends." Miss Cotton was an intimate friend of a Miss Davis, with whom she had conversed freely about these matters for a year or two past, and with whom she was most of the day (Sunday), and with whom she left all of her af fairs in charge, averring that she should drown herself. Miss Davis did not believe that she was in earnest till she saw her jump into that fatal stream, MONTE VIDEO. The following mercantile letter from Monte Video gives full details of an attempted outbreak in favour of Oribe, so long the instrument of Ge neral Rcsas in carrying out his policy against the State, in order to extinguish its rivalry to Buenos Ayres. It appears, however, to have been totally suppressed, and hopes seem consequently to be en tertained that Monte Video as well as Buenos Ayres may now for some time remain free from the despicable influence of military revolutionists. At the same time the accounts of her prospects of trade are very bad ; the Government is insolvent and scarcely able to borrow a few dollars, even at 50 per cent. interest, and the debts long due to British merchants are allowed to remain wholly disregarded--a state of circumstances that seem to have led to an . active agitation for the establish ment of a French protectorate : "The Chamb3rs closed on the 15th of July without making any provision fur the national debt, but they carried a bill, with scarcely any discussion, a-..3tnenting the already heavy customs' duties; and, what will tend more than anything else to the destruction of the trade here, raising the atmaconage, or store rent, to a half per cent. per mouth, on all packages, great or small, which for such charges are to be valued, without regard to their contents, although they may contain costly silks, hard ware, or earthenware, at $2OO each. This, of course, will have the effect of depriving Montevideo of its great ad vantages as an entrepot, and the merchants have peti tioned the Government to delay its execution, and even to procure its annulment. The whole country had pe titioned the President, during his recent tour through the departments, that the organisation of the National Guards should be suspended for three years, to enable the people, by the undisturbed pursuits of industry, to emerge from the miserable poverty into which they had been plunged by the long desolating war. These and other equally arbitrary and injurious proceedings of the legislative majority caused great excitement and exaspe ration, and all sorts of rumours were current that some thing serious would happen on the 18th of July, the anni versary of the swearing of the constitution. In fact, some thing serious did happen, and, although the resort to arms is at all times to be deplored, it is scarcely doubtful if the conflict could have been avoided much longer, and the consequences at a later period might have been at tended with much graver results. Circumstances have come to light to leave no doubt that the Exaltado por tion of the whites—as the party having the majority in the Legislature are termed—meditated, and were pre paring elements for, a civil war ; but, miscalculating their strength and influence, they precipitated matters so as to encounter a most complete defeat. . . • • Great preparations were made for celebrating the 18th of July with more than usual magnificence. The Plaza had been tastefully adorned with gardens fountains, and statues, and gas was to h ave been displayed for the first time in Monte Video. The second battalion of negroes was already in the Plaza, when the National Guards made their appearance in their new uniforms and accoutrements. They were composed of about 300 men and boys. On their approach the negroes vivaed the President, Constitution, Republic, &c., and then added, Viva Rivera !' and Pacheco !' Some of the guards immediately responded with cries of Viva Oribe !' and about 30 of them, provided with ammunition, who came from the town of Union, where Oribe possesses some influence—and it is affirmed they were some of his dis banded soldiers—fired on the negroes, and attacked Col. Solsona with their bayonets. He escaped, with some trifling scratches, almost miraculously. The negroes were ordered by their commanding officer to fire into the air and then charge. No second order was required. The name of Oribe, and the attack from a portion of the National Guard, exasperated them to such a degree, that, had they not been well disciplined, they would have pursued the unfortunate guards—most of whom were perfectly innocent of any intention to create a disturbance—all over the town, and murdered every one they encountered. As it was, - they killed some seven or eight only, and wounded about as many more. On their recall being sounded, which was done immedi ately, the guards took flight—they promptly returned to the Plaza. General Pacheco was called upon to place himself at their head. He acceded, and then went to inform the President of what had happened. The latter desired he would take command of the troops and restore order. This duty he performed with so much success that, with the exception of a few drunken frays, in which muskets went off unpremeditatedly, the peace of the town remained undisturbed. The President named Colonel Flores Minister of War, vice Brito del Pino, who resigned ; and Herrera y Obes Minister of Finance. These appointments gave great satis faction and restored some degree of confidence, as they both belong to the party who defended the town so long against the troops of Rosas, under his lieutenant Oribe. But the President, whose sympathies it is feared are too much with the ' whites,' did not make these appointments very willingly. He was roundly accused by the French Charge d'Affaires— who, it must be admitted, spoke the truth—with having acted as President of a party, instead of the Republic. In the meantime Oribe endeavoured to raise troops at San Jose, his brother at Cavelbnes, and some of his partisans at other points ; but al though all sorts of alarming reports were spread to excite the people—one of which was that the President had been assassinated—few armed men assembled, and no sooner was the truth known than they retired peaceably to their homes. It is to be hoped, therefore, that the pestiferous influence of military chiefs in this country is gone. It is said that Oribe, who has, fortu- nately for the community, requested his passport to leave the country, has written a letter to the President, ad vising him to offer the protectorate of this fine country to France, as it is clear the people are unable to go vern themselves. But, whether such an intention exists or not, it is a fact that the whites' are very busy spread ing the idea, but without naming Oribe. They are equally industrious in circulating reports injurious to the good faith and intentions of Brazil. Foreigners would be glad to see Montevideo either under the protection of France, or annexed to Brazil ; and many of the re spectable and moderate portion of both political parties among the Orientals partake of this feeling. Indeed, it is a farce to call this an independent nation, when its whole population, including foreigners, scarcely ex ceeds 130,000, and half the number are foreigners, who, if permitted to pursue their occupations in peace, would enrich themselves and insure a pros perity little dreamed of by the Orientals. Ac cording to the published list of licenses, there are in the city and department of Montevideo 1,994 estab lishments of industry, including importing houses, shops, coffee-houses, &c. Of these, no less than 1,582 belong to, and are conducted by, foreigners. The annual cost of licenses to foreigners is $66,815, while the natives contribute only $13,584. Nearly the whole of the mechanical licenses are taken out by fo reigners. Linendrapers' shops, pulperias (drinking establishments), billiard tables, and cock-fighting pits, are shared by the Orientals ; the last is their exclusive property. Hard work has no charms for them, and it is not difficult to foresee that the time will come when they will either wholly disappear, or be re dused to the lowest position in the social scale. The new Minister of Finance is endeavouring to raise a loan of $320,000 ; but, notwithstanding the public has more con fidence in him than in any of his predecessors, he is likely to meet with but limited success. The merchants, who formerly came forward to assist the Government in times of need, now rarely subscribe. They have not forgotten the loan they made at the solicitation of a British Minister in 1845, under a contract guaran teed by the British and French Governments—a loan which was to have been repaid in 1848, but which, with its accumulated interest, remains unpaid to this day. A few days prior to the 18th of July the Government raised a loan of $30,000 for a period of four months, which costs them 4 per cent. per month, or 16 per cent, for the four months ! Sir Charles Hotham arrived here a few days since from. Buenos Ayres, and, it is said, will return to Eng land in the course of this or the next month. He is believed not to have been very successful in his mission, whatever it was. It was most sincerely hoped by Englishmen here that there will be no more diplomatic missions to the River Plate, unless backed with a force to demand settlement of the just claims of ruined British subjects. Business is exceedingly dull, and, as so many people are leaving this place for Buenos Ayres, it is not expected to improve, parti cularly if the new custom l aw is not altered. Exchange, 41id. to 42d." \THE LORD LIEUTENANT'S VISIT TO LIMERICK. — His Excellency has intimated to the Mayor of Limerick that he will accept the invitation conveyed to him from the gentleman of Limerick and the surrounding counties to visit that city, and that his Excellency will be happy to dine with the merchants and citizens of Limerick and the gentlemen of the county, on the 28th instant. His Excellency will arrive in Limerick on Monday, when he will be presented by the corporation with an address at the terminus of the Waterford and Limerick Rail way. It is his intention to proceed forthwith to Elm park, where he will remain till Wednesday, when there will be a public entry and banquet. He is to remain at the residence of the Right Rev. Dr. Higgin on Wed nesday night and following days till Saturday, when he will take his departure for Dublin. DESERTION OF THE CHIEF ENGINEER OF TAE BARRA -1 COUTA STEAM-SLOOP.—The Barracouta, 6, paddle, Com mander George Parker, was to have left Spithead on Thursday morning at eleven ; at that period, however, the chief engineer, Mr. Woodcock, was absent, nor has he up to the time of our dispatch been heard of. At noon, Commander Parker, attended by the master at arms, visited the club house of the Royal Naval En gineers, and demanded Mr. Woodcock. He was as sured, however, that Mr. Woodcock was not there. The master at arms was then left in charge of the club house ; and upon this being made known to several members in their dining-room, they speedily issued forth into the hall, and bade the master at arms to begone, or they would briefly give him in charge of a policeman. At four p.m., the chief engineer of the Sphinx (Mr. Edward Bolton) was desired to attend at the admiral's office, and ordered to prepare to go to sea in the Barra couta—an officer suddenly ordered on three years' foreign service at a few hours' notice. Until proper under standing as to the rules and regulations to which the naval engineers are subject is brought about, and their position properly recognised, a greater evil will follow. One fact stares us in the face and that is, whilst the chief engineer of the Peninsular and Oriental Company's service, as well as the Royal West India Mail packet service, get twenty-five pounds a month, Mr. Woodcock, as chief engineer of the Barracouta, in the Queen's ser vice, only receives fourteen. Mr. Edward Bolton will join the Barracouta early to-morrow morning, and she will leave Spithead, for the East Indies, at six a.in.— Morning I Herald. CORN EXCHANGE To-day's market was very moderately supplied with En glish wheat. At the opening of the trade, factors gene rally demanded a rise on Monday's prices of fully is per qua rter; but, as the import of foreign flour was rather ex tensive, millers operated cautiously. However, a full average business was transacted, and prices wer( the turn in favour of sellers. From abroad, 15,520 quarters of wheat have arrived this week. The trade ruled firm, and Monday's currencies were rather exceeded. Floating cargoes were mostly held on higher terms. There was a good inquiry for barley, at extreme quo tation. There was a good inquiry for malt, the value of which had an upward tendency. Oats moved off briskly, at is per quarter more money. Beans, peas, and flour were firm, at the late advance. The top price of the best town-made flour was 65s per 280 lbs. English .. Irish •• • • Foreign .. ARRIVALS THIS WEER, Barley. I Malt. 120 2,030 15,520 1 6,250 . Wheat. 1,310 SMITHFIELD. The supply of beasts on offer in to-day's market was but moderate. The few prime breeds brought forward sold steadily, at full prices. Otherwise, the beef trade was in a very inactive state, at barely late figures. There was only a limited inquiry for sheep —the number of which was seasonably good—at unaltered quotations. The primest old Downs sold at 5s 2d per 18 lbs. We had a very dull inquiry for calves, at barely stationary prices. Pigs moved off steadily, at the late advance. Milch cows were dull, at from 15/ 15s to 19/ 5s each, in cludine their small calf. Per 81bs to sink the offals. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. Inferior Beasts.... 2 10 to 3 2 Prime Southdown 410 5 2 Second quality.... 3 4 3 6 Large crse. calves 3 6 4 0 Prime large oxen 3 8 4 0 Prime small d 0... 4 2 4 8 Prime Scots, &c. 4 2 4 4 Large bogs 3 4 4 2 Inferior Sheep ...3 2 3 6 'mall porkers 4 4 5 0 Second quality ...3 8 4 0 ucklingcalves ..22 0 27 0 Prime crse.-wiled.4 2 4 6 uarter old pigs 21 0 26 0 Beasts .................. 964 1 Beasts. Sheep and Lambs ........12,210 Sheep .. ••••••.. • • • • • • Calves .. ••.. • • .... .. • ... 440 1 Calves.. •••,••.. • • . • • • Pigs . TOTAL SUPPLY. FOREIGN SUPPLY. ...... . 380 .... 2,000 . 320 NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL. The general demand was in a sluggish state, as fol k) ws : Per Blbs by the carcase. s. d. s. d. Beef, inferior 2 8 3 0 Do., middling 3 2 3 4 Do., prime large 3 4 3 6 Do., do. small 3 8 3 10 Pork, large 3 8 4 4 , s. d. s. d. Mutton, Inferior 3 2 3 8 Do., middling 310 4 6 Do., prime 4 8 4 10 Veal 3 4 4 6 Pork, small 4 6 5 2 BOROUGH HOP. Several parcels of new hops have come to hand this week. Weald of Kent have sold at from 7110 s to 91; and Sussex, 71 to 8/ per cwt. The duty is called 155,0001 to 160,0001. Yearlings are in request, at full quotations. COLONIAL. SUGAR.—There has been a dull market and prices have given way slightly. Barbadoes at auction has realised 33s 6d to 38s 6d. Mauritius mostly sold at 33s 6d to 34s 6d for low mid and mid yellow, and at 32s 6d for brown. Ben gal superior yellow grainy went at 39s to 39s 6d, good and fine Mauritius sort was taken at 36s to 38s 6d, and Madras sold at 38s 6d to 39s for superior yellow grainy, and 34s 6d to 36s for low to mid yellow. Foreign has been heavier within the last two days, although floating cargoes were previously in demand. The latest sales of Porto Rico have been at 34s 6d to 38s 6d for low heavy to good bright yel low. Cuba Muscovado went at 31s to 35s 6d for mid heavy brown to good mid soft yellow. Yellow Havannah sold at 34s 6d. to 37s 6d for low to mid. COFFEE.—There has been a duller market, and Planta tion Ceylon has declined fully is per cwt. The latest sales have been at 62s to 65s for mid and good bold, 54s to 57s for small, and 51s for triage. Jamaica went at 68s to 75s for mid and good, at 50s to 55s 6d for fine and fine ord, and at 48s to 49s 6d for good ord pale. Triage sold at 40s to 48s. Costa Rica sold at 46s to 48s for ord, while good and fine ord pale was taken in at 50s to 57e. SPICES.—There has been a steady market privately, but only a few parcels of ginger have been offered by auction, and these went at 43s to 94s for small and mid, and at 100 s to 160 s for mid bold to good white. COCOA.—The demand has not improved. COTTON.—There is scarcely any . inquiry - • I RlCE.—This article has been in request, and holders ask higher rates. RUM.—This article is wanted, and prices are fully main tained. SALTPETRE.—There has been a steady inquiry, but holders refrain frora pressing sales. TEA.—The demand has been fair for the useful kinds, chiefly mid to fine congou, at very full prices. TALLOW.—P.Y.C. has advanced to 56s per cwt on the spot. GREEN FRUIT.—The market is steady for all kinds. Some parcels of grapes per " Thames" and "Great Wes tern" steamers, sold by Keeling and Hunt at public sale, sustained the prices obtained for previous shipments. Lemons have improved in price, the stock being diminished. Barcelona Nuts 44s per bag. Black Spanish shortly ex pected. The shipments from Malaga have been retarted by heavy rains. LOVE, DESPERATION, AND DEATH IN AMERICA. SUICIDE OF TWO YOUNG LADIES AT MAN CHESTER, NEW HAMPSHIRE.—PREMEDI. TATION AND COOLNESS UNEQUALLED. About eight o'clock on Sunday evening, August 14, two young ladies, operatives in the mills, committed sui• cide by drowning, the particulars of which are as fol• low : One of them was Miss Catherine B. Cotton, of Pow nal, Maine, aged 22 ; the other, Miss Clara C. Coch rane, aged 19, a native of New Boston, but who had lately been at home with I er brother at Hopkinton. They roomed together at 24, Manchester Corpora. tion, this city, and had frequently expressed a purpose to drown themselves, but their friends had no appre hension that such was their design. For a few days previous they had talked freely of doing so, and com municated their intention to a room-mate, but still with out creating any alarm. As they left their boarding house late in the evening, however, the lady rooming with them followed, and watched them. They pro ceeded hand-in-hand, and with great apparent cheerful ness, to the bridge crossing the upper canal / leading to the Manchester Mills, stopped together upon the stone wall of the canal, just above the bridge, and together leaped into the water. The act was seen by one or two persons, and the alarm was instantly given, though 10 minutes elapsed before either was taken out. In that time the body of Miss Cotton was recovered ; that of Miss Cochrane, having floated down the canal, was not recovered for some time after. All efforts to resuscitate them failed. Miss Cochrane, for some days previous, had been very much depressed and low-spirited. Their whole proceedings were marked by great cool ness and deliberation. Both of them left letters to their friends announcing their purpose, and giving directions in regard to the settlement of their affairs and the dis posal of their effects. Miss Cochrane, we understand, was to come into possession of several thousand dollars at 21 years of age. Various rumours are afloat in re gard to the cause of this rash act. From all we can learn it is to be ascribed in both cases to the grief of disappointed love. Miss Cochrane enclosed in her letter the following scrap of poetry, which, no doubt, expressed her feelings at the time of writing : " I shall soon in death be sleeping, Far away, where strangers dwell, Far from all those haints of pleasure That in youth I loved so well. Flow'rs shall not be o'er me planted, Nor shall willows o'er me wave • Marble columns, decked with grandeur, Ne'er shall mark my humble grave. " Friends will shed no tears of sadness When my dream of life is o'er, For around me all are strangers — I am on a distant shore. Hear me, then, oh friends of childhood, Hear an exile's dyin g prayer ; When I soar to climes Elysian, Let me meet my loved ones there. "My heart now droops in loneliness — My misery's perfect now • For dark Despair his seal has stamp'd Upon my throbbing brow.; No voices in affections tones Upon my ears now fall ; Alone I tread the path of life — I am the last of all. " I would not have proud marble piled Above my grassy bed ; One simple stone to mark the spot, And one to weep me dead." The body of Miss Cochrane was placed on board the cars and conveyed to her friends. The public mind, as is natural, is anxious to know the causes of such strange proceedings. Was it disappointed love ? Was it shame for past acts ? Or was it fear of bringing disgrace upon themselves and friends ? A tattling, surmising, evil minded class in the community simultaneously cry the last. But we are authorised to say, and feel warranted in saying, that such surmises are all false. Disappointed love was the cause, and the only cause, that brought about such sad and fatal results ; not a late disappoint me.nt, but in the case of one of them wearing and prey ing upon the mind for some fourteen months, so that almost nightly her pillow was bathed in tears. The fol lowing letter, written by her, and addressed to Cyrus , Biddeford, Me., has been found, and tells its own story : - Oats. Flour. 370 1.850 770 -- 9,780 200 STATEMENT OF MISS DAVIS. We proceed to lay before our readers a statement made by Miss Davis to us, in the presence of two other ladies, one of whom was also a room-mate of Miss Cotton and Miss Cochrane, and all three of whom saw them when they committed the fatal deed. Miss Davis first became acquainted with Miss Cotton two years ago, at Biddeford, Me., where they were both at work at the mills. She became intimate with her. Soon after their acquaintance commenced a young man in Biddeford began to show Miss Cotton many attentions, and in time became her acknowledged lover. An engage ment took place, and the time was set for their marriage. Miss Cotton went home to Pownal, Me., to make pre parations for the marriage, got ready, and returned to Biddeford one week before the day appointed for the nuptial ceremony, when she was informed by her lover that he had changed his hand, and concluded not to marry. This event took place a year ago last June. Miss Cotton stayed at Biddeford a few weeks longer, but after she was abandoned by one upon whom all her affections were placed, it was to her like a deserted home, and she left and went to Lowell, where she stayed a few weeks, and went to Lawrence. She stayed at that place but a short time, and came to Manchester. But here,' as at all other places where she lived, since the silver cord of her existence was broken, she could think of nothing but sorrow ; clouds and thick darkness were continually about her. She went to Lynn, hoping that a change of occupa tion might bring relief to her mental sorrow. But wounded affection, caused by the desertion of a lover almost at the bridal hour, cannot be healed by mere worldly cares, or by diverting the mind by travel. About seven weeks ago she returned to Manchester, unable to be contented anywhere, and then for the first time became acquainted with Miss Cochrane. Possessed of kindred feelings upon one subject, they soon became intimate. Miss Cochrane in early life became strongly attached to a young man with whom she went to school. They have not seen each other since, but for some six years up to last March they kept up a regular and affectionate correspondence, begetting in her mind the belief that he was her lover, and would be her husband. It may he that he considered them mere letters of friendship, and had no idea of ever marrying her. Last March he wrote to her, saying that she need not write to him again till she received another letter from him. She did write several letters, to which no response came ; and from the moment that the full conviction flashed upon her mind that she was abandoned, her life has been desolate. " Hope deferred maketh the heart sad," and dreary, dreamy, and almost unreal have been the hours since that conviction flashed upon her mind. Her tears were more bitter than those shed for the dead, and yet not so consoling. As she read "do not write me again," she seemed to lose all consciousness of who she was and where she was, and the meaning of what she read, reminding one of little Mary Lee— " I put my hand upon my head To think what it could mean— I knew I never had been dead, And come to life again. "'Tomas long before I understood The words that I had read, And then an overwhelming flood Of burning tears I shed." With minds in such a sorrowing state, three weeks ago (Sunday) Miss Cotton and Miss Cochrane remarked to their room mate, Miss Davis, " In three weeks from to-day we shall die." After that they frequently re marked that they should drown themselves—they could not bear the pain of living. Of course their remarks were not taken in earnest. Miss Cotton had told Miss Davis that several times. Once at Lowell, she had been on the bank of the river to drown herself, but her courage failed her. The week before the fatal deed they did not mention the subject t o any one , an d seemed to act as if they had forgotten it. On Sunday one said to the other, "I did not s p ea k of our drowning during the week, becau se I wan t e d to leave your mind uninfluenced by anything I might say." The other responded, " For the same reason I have been silent about it." Miss Cochrane worked on a cross till a late hour on Saturday evening, and on Sunday they both appeared as usual till near l y noon, when they be gan to pack their trunks. After dinner they devoted most of their time to the writing of letters and giving directions about their affairs, seeming at the time to be in so good spirits that no serious apprehensions were felt by Miss Davis or others who had had intimations of what they had said and done. They ate a hearty supper, and appeared in a pleased state of mind till they went up stairs for the last time. Then, when they were joked about their talk of drowning themselves they cried. Miss Cotton gave Miss Davis three letters, and asked her to put them into the post-office the next morning, and also gave her labels for her trunks and boxes, s howing where they were to be sent. A little after dusk they came down stairs, dressed in white, and Miss Davis and another lady asked them to go out and walk, thinking that thereby their minds might be diverted from the subject which had become so awful. They refused in rather a cold way, walked quietly round the corner of the house and up the street towards the canal, which was but a few rods off. Miss Davis and two other friends, feeling a little un easy, thought they would follow after a distance. They did so, and upon inquiry found they had gone up a short s treet, and turned to the left towards the canal-bridge. They followed as fast as they could, and had just got to the bridge when they saw them hurrying to the side of the canal, some three rods above, and jump in together, without a word, or a scream, or a particle of hesitation. Miss Cochrane sank to the bottom, and was not again seen till her body was taken out three quarters of an hour afterwards. Miss Cotton sank and then rose, giv ing a gurgling sound, and then floated down the canal. Marro was immediately given, and a young man, James Hall, boldly jumped in and caught her by the dress as she was fast sinking again ; but she was so heavy, and he so light, that he was not able to save her. Boards and rails were thrown to her after she came up the second time, and though they came within her reach, she made no effort to touch them. She was taken out in about ten minutes. We learn from another source that Miss Cochrane threatened, before she came here, when at Fisherville, to drown herself, but and o w nc as e followed and went to the restbanainedk of the river for that purpose , . r -- BURIAL OF CLARA 0. COCHRANE. The body of Miss Cochrane was carried to Grafton, Vt., last Monday, under the charge of John T. Moore, of this place. She was born in New Boston, but re quested to be buried by the side of her mother at Graf ton, where some of her relatives reside. Her funeral took place on Tuesday morning at nine o'clock, at the house of Jonathan Sherwin, and was attended by a large concourse of people. John H. Sherwin, the one to whom she wished her property to be given, was present at the funeral. Miss Cochrane was of excellent family, and had a superior education, and her melancholy death causes deep sorrow. Her father and mother died of con sumption, and she bad an impression that such would be her fate.—American paper• EDITORIAL LABOUR UNDER A SUMMER SOLSTICE... Fellow citizens, as you sprawl on your sofa this pleasant forenoon, or make an inverted Z of yourself, by prop ping your chair-back against the wall, you probably think it must be easy to write. Did you ever plough, hoe corn, or plant c abba g es ? We have been engaged in all these rural exercises, and have also swung the scythe and cradle under the sun of the hot south, and we solemnly declare that the physical labours aforesaid are mere recreations, in comparison with the exhausting on the road, and ooze out in toil of writing for the press in a close office, with a south -1 western aspect, when the thermometer is in the neigh bourhood of the nineties. The vigorous ideas that "I now for the last tim " e r N a v n il e l h a e t s t t e e m r, p A t u t g o u s s c t ri l b 4 b , l o 1853.Y01 t , . should find their way by electric telegraph from the few lines, and ere those few lines reach you I shall be comings of genius under the sopo ago,sleeping in death. Think not that I shall ever trouble you 1 globules of perspiration, while the more delicate again with a letter, for I shall not. No, this is the last. fancies - the "insensible" process. Excuse, fwill receive this with anger perhaps ; but, Cyrus forgive me for troubling you. I have forgiven you long, evaporate ). , i b ) i . .ain to the pen, liquify rific influence of the summer it solstice • , for be asiured but have not forgotten. I suppose you are in Bidde ford now, happy and contented. I hope you are. As for that the vertical sun, however ' therefore, the short may dulcify and ma myself, lam not happy, but in a few moments I shall be ture cherries, plums, and other fruitful " plumpitudes," free from the sorrows of this world, and I cannot be more is by no means favourable to the development of intel unhappy in another. When you read t hi s think that I . lectual products.—American Paper. am cold in death, and shall one day meet you in another r THE FORTHCOMING BREVET.—It is understood that world. So farewell, Cyrus; go and be happy. the brevet so long expected by the service will come out " From your friend and well-wisher, on the 9th of November, and that three Field-Marshals " CATHERINE COTTON." will be created. Miss Cotton left $l5 50c. in money. She also left a • EAST INDIA HOUSE. —On Wednesday a Court of short letter for her father and one for her sister, bidding Directors was held at the East India House, when them adieu, and stating that she should not be alive Frederick James Halliday, Esq., was appointed pro when they received the letters. These letters contained vincial member of the council of India, THE EASTERN QUESTION. ( From the Times. ) Although nothing has yet been made public re specting the precise form taken by the objections of Russia to the substance of the Turkish modifica- tions, and though the manifesto of the Sultan, which we yesterday printed, is equally reserved on this critical point, we cannot be mistaken in assum ing that the true question between the two Courts will turn upon the addition of the words "Ottoman subjects" Co a certain clause in the original Note. The Conference had proposed a declaration on the part of the Sultan to the effect that he would make the Greek Christians equal participators " in the advantages conceded to other Christlans by conven tions or special ordinances." This clause the Porte modified by framing it as follows :—" That the Sultan would make the Greek Christians partici pate equitably in the advantages granted, or there after to be granted, to other Christian communities, being Ottoman subjects." The purport of this limitation will be explained by observing that cer tain Christian congregations exist within the Turkish dominions, which are nevertheless not im mediately subject to the Porte. In more than one place the followers of the Latin Church have ob tained privileges by which, in pursuance of ancient compacts, they are removed from the sphere of Turkish jurisdiction, and are subject only to supe riors of their own. The object, therefore, of the Porte in introducing this restriction upon the pro visions of the Vienna Note might have been to pre vent the assimilation of that great mass of its sub jects professing the Greek faith to those small com munities endowed with exceptional advantages of civil and religious freedom. It was said, indeed, that the terms of the unmodified Note would have conveyed to Russia something like very practical jurisdiction over three-fourths of the population of European Turkey, to the prejudice of the Ottoman Government. This result the Sultan desired to obviate by excluding these enfranchised congrega tions from the question altogether, and limiting the rights of the Greek Church to an equality with ' those enjoyed by his own Christian subjects. It must be obvious that th e four powers could never have intended that several millions of Otto man subjects should have been invested with the privilege of an appeal from Turkish authorities to the representatives of some foreign power. If this would really have been the effect of the unmodified clause, its force must have escaped the notice of the conference, for the result would have been tan tamount to a surrender of half the Ottoman sove reignty, to the direct advantage of Russia. On the other hand, it would require to be shown more ex plicitly what rights were still conceded by the terms of the note after the limitations had been affixed, and how far the Turkish modifications were opera tive in neutralising the provision altogether. What are the advantages enjoyed by Latin or other con gregations, being immediate subjects of the Porte f And are they such as to promise a satisfactory amount of protection to the congregations of the Greeks ? As the conference, on the one part, could not possibly desire to invent the Emperor of Russia with political authority in the Ottoman dominions, so, on the other, it must necessarily have been dis posed to provide for Christians of all denominations the utmost practicable security under the rule of a Mahomedan Government. The point thus raised conveys an admirable illus tration of the difficulties inseparable from the sub ject itself. In strict law, one Government has no title to interfere with another Government, nor can the situation of any portion of the Sultan's subjects justify any such interposition of a foreign potentate between these subjects and their legiti mate sovereign. This is the position now taken up by the uncompromising advocates of Turkey, and it is involved, indeed, in the theoretical maxim respecting the " integrity of the Ottoman Empire." The Sultan is sovereign in his own dominions ; these dominions are bounded by known frontiers, and within those frontiers no authority should be re cognised but his. This is the theory of " Ottoman independence ;" but, in practice no less than in truth, such views are untenable. When a Govern ment only half-emerged from barbarism, and re pudiating all sympathy with the faith an d usages of Christendom, retains in a state of debasement and oppression many millions of people for no other reason than because they are Christians, and this under the eyes of Christian Europe, it is impos sible but that European Governments should charge themselves with some duties of intervention on behalf of their fellow-believers. It has been just reported from Constantinople, as a proof of liberality on the part of the Ottoman Government, that in future the evidence of a Christian will be held admissible against a Mussulman in a court of law. But what a state of things does this simple enactment disclose, when, in this year 1853, it has only at last been conceded, and under the pressure, no doubt, of existing circumstances, that a Christian may enjoy the plainest and most indispensable of all civil rights— a right without which it is man'- fest that neither life nor property could ever have been secure ! It is this imnattiral constitution of the Ottoman State—a State in which 3,000,000 or 4,000,000 misbelievers tyrannize, on Christian ground, over 10,000,000 Christians—that invests other States with the privilege and obligation of interference. Such interference must inevitably trench upon the " independence of the Ottoman empire," and the Ottoman empire suffers accord ingly. Some years ago the Turkish Government published a State paper, in which it founded on these very maxims of integrity and independence a claim to rule the population of Greece according to its own discretion. Its claims were set aside, and Greece, with the approbation of all Europe, was made free ; but we should like to hear this liberation justified, or the Ottoman Manifesto answered, by those who now maintain the " sove reignty " of the Sultan against Conference or Czar. This is the case against the Turks—a case which it is impossible either to conceal or deny. On the other hand, it is equally notorious that the Government which prefers the most plausible claim to protect the Christian subjects of tl e Porte is actuated by motives of political ambi tion, and impelled by views of territorial aggran dizement. The interests of Europe demand that Russia should not be permitted to extend her em pire at the expense of the Ottomans, whereas the spiritual protectorate here discussed would provide her with the most subtle and effective means of bringing this consummation to pass. It is quite true that the Christians of the Greek church in Turkey require and deserve protection from with out. It is also true that Russia, as the chief State professing this faith, and, in some sense, its head, is the most natural protector of the communities concerned ; but it is perfectly understood that any authority conveyed to her for these objects would be made an instrument of political intrigue, and turned to purposes eventually destructive of Euro pean peace. - The present offence, however, of Russia consists, not so much in her demands upon Turkey, as in her enforcement of those demands by armed aggres sion. There could certainly be no great impro priety in a requisition by a Christian State, on be half of other Christians suffering wrong, nor would it be easy to impeach such a proceeding by any im putation of clandestine motives. But, when the Emperor Nicholas backed his application by the seizure of the Danubian Principalities, and pro claimed his intention of retaining this territory until his demands were satisfied, he not only out raged public law, but disclosed the true spirit of his intervention. As a matter of right the British Government would have an equal, if not a better title, to bring the Cabinet of Madrid to reason by similar measures. On this plea, and with the pre cedent of Russia before us, we might advance from Gibraltar and occupy the valley of the Guadal quiver until the Spanish Government had con sented, in the terms of the modified Note, "to allow our fellow-Christians the same advanatges as are granted to all other Christians, being Spanish subjects." This proceeding would probably be re garded by Europe with amazement and indigna tion ; but it would really be little more than the the Czar has already done upon a pretext by no means stronger. ( From the Morning Chronicle.) From a telegraphic dispatch which we publish elsewhere, we gather that a judicious attempt had been made by Lord Stratford de Redcliffe to effect a pacific solution of the Eastern difficulty. At his instance, new conferences had taken place, and it had been decided that the representatives of the mediating Powers at Constantinople should declare that the Vienna Note does not contain the dangers which the Sultan's Government apprehend. Such a declaration—amounting as it does to an authorata tive interpretation of the Note in the sense most satisfactory to the Porte, and fixing beforehand the construction to be placed on it by the Powers of Europe in the event of any future misunderstanding —is, it will be remembered, the solution which, on first receiving the intelligence that the Czar ha,d re jected the modifications, we indicated as alike fea sible and probable. How far such a proceeding is likely, in the present phase of the dispute, to ac complish the object of the mediators, is another question. The marked moderation which the Porte has steadily exhibited throughout the controversy might, indeed, justify a hope that the Sultan's ad visers would be satisfied with an assurance which virtually guarantees Turkeyin the rights which her emendations of the Note were intended to guard ; and the fact that the initiative in this proposal was taken by the British Ambassador at Constantinople would, unquestionably, facilitate its favourable con sideration by the Divan. But it appears impossible that such a declaration, even if accepted by the _ Porte, and followed by tholtign — ature' of tie i~ ~."~ JreeVienna Note, would now be acquiesced in byc,/s ; ' 9 the Court of St. Petersburg. Looking at the ton h t i:s' of the two dispatches from Count Nesselrode to M P ..` ,4 de Meyendorff, on which we commented y es t er day 7/ it is hardly credible that Russia would be satisfied 1 with a settlement of the question which would ex plicitly negative all her disputed demands. The Vienna Note, authoritatively interpreted by Hu rope in the sense of the Sultan's modifications, would, in fact, cease to be the Note which the Czar has consented to accept. It is with deep regret that we perceive, in the closing sentence of the despatch referred to, the confirmation of the intelligence which reached us two days ago, respecting the cessation of that con cord which has thus far prevailed in the counsels of the Four Powers. From the statement that "no other collective step will be taken," we fear we must infer that Austria can no longer be counted upon as a member of the great European combisa nation for the maintenance of the balance of power in the East. Were the evidence of altered counsels on the part of the Cabinet of Vienna less strong than it must, we fear, be regarded, the fact would not be readily credited by any one who takes for granted that the conduct of States is governed in the main by considerations of national interest. So vitally important to Austria is the stability of the balance of European power, that a course of action on her part calculated to jeopardise it would form a signal exception to the cautious wisdom which has usually characterised her policy. The interest of the other Powers in the inviolability of Turkey is not to be compared to hers. England and France may descry an indefinite danger to them selves in a change of sovereignty which, by trans ferring Constantinople to the Czar, would render his empire impregnable to their most effectual means of assault. But Austria, in such an event, would see both banks of the river on which half her commerce depends handed over from a weak and manageable, to a powerful and exclusive Government. The very pretext which Russian ambition has now employed against the Porte is available at any moment against herself. A. religious right is, of necessity, universal ; and should the Emperors enthroned at St. Petersburg once establish their Protectorate over the Greek Church in Turkey, it would be imme diately extended in men's opinion, and sooner or later in fact, to the same communion in Austria. That a neighbour of the Czar, who is his inferior in strength, should, in any case, acquiesce in the aggression on a State whose liability to outrage arises simply from its weakness and from its con tiguity to the Russian frontier, strange enough to be well-nigh incredible ; but that the only Power in Europe, beside Russia and Turkey, which counts Greek Christians among its subjects, should be the first to countenance the propositions of Prince Menschikoff, would argue a suicidal for getfulness of its most urgent interests. It evinces great superficiality to argue that the secession of Austria from the counsels of the allies is explained by the reluctance to augment, in any manner, the chances of a war. She has, indeed, in the condition of portions of her own do minions, obvious reasons for deprecating a con flict of arms ; but, whatever be the probabili ties of such a contingency, they are increased, and not diminished, by any breach in the unanimity of the Western States. So long as the Conference continued its debates with unquestioned unanimity. the disturbance of the general peace was improba ble, for the simple reason that, however great might be her insolence, Russia was not likely to provoke the hostility of coalesced Europe. But the neutrality or connivance of Austria may seriously influence the temper of Russian policy ; and, whatever be the weight of authority which the allies of Turkey may lose by her secession, room will be afforded, in a precisely equivalent degree, for the freer play of the Imperial passions. If, indeed, there were any prospect of intimidating France and England by this withdrawal—or if, by hopelessly entang ling the diplomatic situation, their further in terference with the Turkish question could be rendered impossible—Count Buol might have hoped to precipitate a pacific settlement, though one neither honourable nor safe. But there is no ground for such expectations. France and England have a policy independent of Austria, independent of the Vienna Note, and even independent of peace. Whatever causes have moulded the traditional po licy of European statesmen must determine their conduct in the present juncture. The integrity of the Turkish Empire may provoke a sneer from writers who are favourable to the ambitious views of Russia ; but even if it had no other meaning, it would imply the well-founded conviction that the great Northern Monarchy ought not to possess the keys of the Euxine. When cabinets have, from year to year, declared their determination to pre serve the Balance of power in the East, it cannot be supposed that they were prepared to change their whole policy in the event of the Porte refus ing literal obedience to their dictation in framing the terms of a diplomatic note. Turkey can never bo maintained as a state, if her Government is re fused the discretion which belongs to every free agent. A spirited and self-willed nation may, with. comparative ease, be protected against a neigh bouring power of superior force ; but a merely nominal empire cannot be kept together by foreign. agency. It cannot be too clearly understood that the rea sons which induced France and England to inter fere in the Eastern question can in no way be af fected by any verbal disputes turning on the phrases of a note. It might have been necessary, in certain. contingencies, to admit, however unwillingly, that Russia had acquired a right of war, through some encroachment or dereliction of duty on the of a weaker neighbour ; and th ere mig ht have part of difficulty in opposing an invasion, which, however dangerous to the balance of power, would, in the case supposed. have been justified by the law of nations. On the present occasion, however, the most formidable belligerent is wholly in the wrong; and the State which, on grounds of general policy, we desire to maintain enjoys all the ad vantages accruing from a position which is morally and legally unassailable. It is a suicidal proceed ing to exhaust all the resources of sophistry in. proving that, by some quibble, we may find an ex cuse for deserting the cause which our own interest requires us to maintain. The reasoning which shows that England ought to desert Turkey, or even to undergo the unspeakable degradation of joining with Russia in an act of coercion, would. also prove that do resistance ought to be offered to the invader, even if Constantinople were to become the prize one or two successful campaigns. If Austria breaks away from the concert which has hitherto been maintained by all the Powers of Europe not immediately engaged iu the dispute touching the Greek Church, she leaves her allies for an in-. n d o e fi m ni i t d e d e e n c g o t u h r s o e f b time,et w e i n o a t cau i p e r s e c s in en g t , anomalous situation, and insisting, immediatelyThe fimant expedient: dperep torily, on the status quo ant e . will not be tolerated by Turkey, which does not forget that, without any further operations, it would hand over to Russia the provinces which, forty years ago, were deemed valuable enough to form the principal ground of Alexander's breach with Napoleon. The re-establishment of those po litical conditions which were disturbed by Russia in the summer, becomes, therefore, the starting point of a polioy—not indeed new to the Govern ments of France and England, for they have never lost sight of it—but less obscured than it half hitherto been by the exigencies of connection with a half-sincere ally. In the presarvation of the territorial limits assigned to Russia and Turkey by the Treaty of Adrianople, and of the religions rights guaranteed by the Treaty of Kainardji, we have the terms of a problem simple enou.gh in statement, however tedious or unwelcome may be the processes by which it is to be solved. THE AUSTRALIAN MAILS.—The Postmaster-General having concluded a contract with the owners of thes Neleus sailing vessel, the next mails for South Australia, Port Philip, Melbourne, Geelong, &c., Sydney, New* South Wales, and Van Diemen's Land, will be made up at the General Post-office, St. Martin's-le-Grand, on the morning of the 4th of October next, to be forwarded by this vessel on the arrival of the mails at Liverpool. Letters will be liable to a postage of ls. each per half.* ounce, which must be prepaid—newspapers free. The Harbinger screw steamer will sail from Southampton for Port Philip and Sydney on Wednesday, the sth of 0a tober, with a ship letter bag. Letters and newspaper's intended to be sent by this vessel must be specially ad. dressed "per Harbinger." The Australian Royal Mail Steam Packet Company's screw steamer Australian will sail on the 15th of October, also with a .ship letter bag for Adelaide, Port Philip, Melbourne, & c., and S y dne y. New South Wales. Letters must be prepaid, and news. papers. A ROMANTIC STORY. —A party of ladies and gentle. men, amounting in all to 11 persons, arrived at Berwick by the North British Railway on Saturday, whence they proceeded in three carriages to the plains of Fled. den. They had with them an infant of three or foul/ months o'd, and the object of their visit appeared to be to have this infant baptised with the waters ft owing through the Field of Flodden. They were accornodanied by a clergyman, reported to belong to Glasgow._ Th e railway for Edinbu rg h. Th e pr i nc i. ceremo ny being concluded , they returned to Ida rwick, and pals o e f f t the p a rty were said to be A mer i cans, an d the left ag e a i t i father of the child is said to have discovered that some of his ancestors were slain with James IV. at tbie battle of Flodden. Hence his desire to have his child harass(' at that memorable locality, and which had indu ced hint to come from New York. At all events, he s fated to some of the parties whose services were engage ,d, that he had travelled 3,000 miles for the purpose. He had evidently been acquainted with the district, for he made inquiry after several of its late inhabitants.--Et iinburgilk Advertiser. ~ 1 r ~ ~_ /. C ~ ... j , T~ l ' t ~-:~ ,r i vj \ r`J 41 ( 4 (11 od ch re he 1 31 2o iii