The Sun. — London, England, 1853-05-02 00:00:00

MARKET NEWS--(THIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE. Mod Most ratelyost of the country markets h e ld on S a t ur d ay were b u t Was t supplied with wheat, i n w hi c h a s t ea d y b us i ness ransacted at very full prices. Fine malting barley was scarce, and qu it e as dear ; but grinding and distilling B,°rteans,s. s, including ma lt , commanded less attention. Oats, tation 'l peas, and flour move d off steadily, at full quo- The latest advises from New York state the demand for flour was heavy, at droopinc , prices. In gra in ve lite was doing. The whol e oethe Continental markets hav tl e Colic in a very inactive state, on former terms. 1) a ring last week the arrivals of English grain up to Were market were very moderate. The foreign imports Were 2 be 8,219 quarters of wh ea t, 16,252 b ar l e y, 34,505 oa t s, I ' o9l beans 614 peas, 922 tares, 6,798 linseed, 3,344 rape geed, 420 sundry seeds, 1,461 sacks, and 8,795 barrels of flour. IYFresh up to-day the arrivals of wheat from Essex, coast ,ise, were very moderate, and mostly in low condition. Yarn Kent the supply was tolerably good and of fair average weight. By land carriage, from te miland is- tricts, the receipts were small, and the h total d show d of :Ysamples of both red and white was limited. Owing, how e'', to th e l arge imports of foreign wheat and flour, the s oarable accounts from most parts of the country re -1 pecting the appearan e of e wheats, te n att endance of milleis, c onlyththe oun nest samples and mov h ed thi off " 41 i 1 Y, at f u ll pr i ces. Low and middling kinds met a ( all sale, on barely former terms. t rifling, tr ansactions in wheat for forward delivery were " fli ng, Owing to the firmness on the part of growers in general. ....,_W e .3 were heavily supplied with all kinds of foreign ,o Piers, but its general quality was by no means good. was a fair inquiry for good heavy samples at late rates but all other kinds were extremely inactive, and lormer all but barely supported. Floating cargoes were much neglected, though offering eaSomewhat easier terms. th e _ery little English barley was brought forward ; [but supply of foreign was large. All kinds met a dull Iti q u irY, and, in some instances, grinding anct distilling toltitsaarot_letdhteheturn in favour of buyers. supply of which was but moderate--sold Eteadily, at full quotations. We had an immense supply of foreign oats, the time of ',;41. c onsiiered, owing to which, the demand for all kinds Was heavy, at a decline of fully 6d. per quarter. I,llglish beans were firm, and qui te as dear as last week ; lauatefroatign. samples commanded very little attention, at . Pe as of all kinds were tolerably steady, at P P . oarrencies. Ni Althotlgh a good business was doing in flour, the trade Wan far from active. In prices, no change toook place. ...._ CURRENCY PER 1.24YE1i1A!.. itr...tiNUR.E. "eat—Esser & Kent, Mait.,-cok erea u er .. • . 614 to 63s biti e ...e . e . d . .• •• new 425 to 475 Coati— r "t° i ks h , Feel 164 214 I P i t t t t °. 'white n el e d w , 14: Vo n t ° a c t ' o ns • • 215 24. ...42.1 • Lin -Ig(tiolL' ••• • • old 49s 60s Youghal and Cork Black. ...... 16 . old 465 625 21s .. Ditto "111) ite d Cork, White ... .. 17 .ay e __ o , 4 . 4 4; . . ..... .. 275 475 8e0tch,1eed........ 3 2 4 1: 3 2 8 5: ov, .....: '•• • • 285 30s Beans—Tick ... • • ..... 36- 44, t 0r1ey...mmin...... 295 31s Pige ons. e y........ 30. 35s Melting . 33, 36s uctChavali•r•• .. !.....::... 3 29 :: 332,39: Pees w" —u hi r te. •.; • • • • " • ' 2 Maple. .... 6 40s --Stitfolkand Nor- Boilers .........875 40s tb folk ..row n Suffolk .......... 32 .... :: .......... 64 5 o , Bs Flonr—Town-made... , 39: 3 44 4 : U lm° •••• • • 46 5 svB 4411dWare 571 60s !Stoat* & Norfolk 32s 36, SMITHFIELD. I, l) , d lir ing the last week the import of foreign stock into - "' °11 a tnount d to 3,570 head. In the corresponding 1 --° ) (1 . 1 0 f 1854 2 e we rece i d 1:944 ; in 1851, 1,617 ; 1 81 1849 1 211 • and in 1848, 1,090 and in 7, 1,211 head. 2 ?r ota IMPORTS INTO LONDON LAST WEEK. Anysterdalit 41 Beasts. Sheep. Lambs. "• • • A ' en ••• • • 635 10 - 1 weir p•••.. 54 abu• tterdamb- Calves. Pigs 53 ... 22 • 219 . 1,151 • 775 -- ..• 417 ... _ ~,Total .... 908 ,12 - 4 -- -i ... -- 474 ... 43 '4 Yearly is as under : co mparison of weekly imports lBO . 13easts. Sheep. Lambs. Calves.__ . Pigs. , 1,,,..t, 851"•••••.., ... 38, ... 992 ... 22 „. 53 - 7! ..... 2 1;05! ........ .. 443 ... 772 ... 11 ... 3 . 4 „, 8 ,, . 7 __, ; . 1 84'9' ..... •••• 338 ... 607 ... 2 ..: 2.i3u9.1 ... ...... 252 1843 .... 750 - - - 176 ... - ......... 299 „. 615 ... ••• To-da , kind of forei Y 8 market was well supplied with each a e 1..Y 4 stock, the general quality of which was good ; yet There was was easily effected, at full prices. b‘)WilreenratezrUags a falling off in the anivals of beasts from of o all ur atdistricts, but the weight and condition was unusally Prime. The attendance of both . to ea w ,y n st eTintry buyers being large, the beef trade ruled . t a sejj'eea fully equal to those obtained on this day od but B ever l il ' • The general top figure for beef was 4s - , difncualt Prime Scots realised 4s 4d per Blbs without Pr Y. p ar ts or re4e°lll Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Cambridgeshire we . ~i i v ed . , 2,100 Scots and short horns ; from other scoll'uu, 600 Herefords, runts, Devons, &c., r p , and 430 horned and polled Scots. Le'nou_e Itirober of sheep was materially on the increaae ; and from a ctiv ° , Lhe demand for that description of stock was less to p limn of late. In the quotations, however, wool, ‘,, eu alle to notice. The primest old Downs, in the -ete worth 58. 4d. ;out of the 4d to 4s. 6d. per filb s , wool, 4s. . we have Lambs th Mo ' 6 IniPPIY fullhich Was moderately extensive, ved off steadil t We had a ' a Prices viz. ss. to 6s. per le it veal havigne"ig s tolerabl realisedcleraant for calves, 4 extreme rates, the Th© pork trade •—• d. activebs 'were well support:cl. 3r , and the currencies Per 811 as to • Ut eri sall z the offals. _or B east . 8 ,; d• B. d . p ti nd qiiaii , '•• • 4 oto '..1 21p r i m s. d. s. d. NZ lar ge 'Y •••3 4 3 6La eSiouthdown 5 2 5 4 Inferioretat'xe 3 8 3 10 1 .ge ens:). calves 3 6 4 2 see° s o h e , , itc. 4 0 4 2 Prnne small do 4 4 4 8 1'4: 4 gity - * 4 0 4 Large hogs 3 0 3 6 -e ers e. - • •.4 4 2lSin all porkers 3 8 4 4 -I'die d 4 10 4 8 1Suekling calves 20 0 25 0 5 %Quarter old pigs 19 0 24 0 13, 44. _ T 01 , 4t. ! 4a .. _ ll Ths ....... 5s 0(1 to 6s 0(1. s he e ' , l ...... '"-IPPLy. rORNION SUPPLY. I..eala'Brel's:a. '.1.(.1..1;.....111...b.5. ............ 2 4 4,3 3 0 0 0 3 Be Shrer 4, .. ................ 228 Calves A Rah. e ............... 310 I Pigs — st ee r nt and comparison of the supplies and prices of fat Ste exhi bited and sold in Smithfield Cattle Market, on 4 ~ rici a , , ,53 . . • .u. 11. 5, 3, 1852, and this day, Monday, May 2, 773 1,290 152 Per Blbs, to sink the offals. May 3, 1852. May 2, 1853 a. d. s. d.'s. d. s. d ar se k e ,, andinferior beasts ......2 4to 2 6 3 oto 3 2 P, 4 'n(l quality ditto ... 2 8 3 0 3 4 3 6 p'2 l )ae large oxen ... 3 2 3 4 3 8 310 6,,'ke Scots, &c ... 3 4 3 6 4 0 4 2 R':_ 4 :se and inferior sheep ... 2 6 28 4 0 4 2 lid quality ditto .. ... 210 3 2 4 4 4 8 14„!• 1 2 , e coarse woolled ditto ... 3 2 3 44 10 5 0 t a 'ne s Southdown ditto ... 3 6 3 8 5 2 5 4 1 4 1 ° ... 4 2 5 4 5 0 6 0 p ri `,,ge coarse calves 210 3 6 3 6 4 2 4,"'e small ditto ... ... 3 8 4 0 4 4 4 8 ge eat h og. ... 2 6 3 4 3 0 3 6 small porkers ... ... 3 6 3 8 3 8 4 4 Beasts... ... 3,974 4,303 Sh eeP •• • ... „ 23,940 24,300 226 228 Pigs 350 310 Tim ,_ ox SALE, May 5, 1851.—Beasts, 3,976 ; sheep ka7:tabs, 25,460; calves, 23.1; pigs, 360. .c4,403'1 1 4 9 1850. 40 Beasts, 3,369 ; sheep and lambs, 25,460; 8 Il o t • NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL. q a , \ '9:thstandin g th a t th e su ppli es o f each kind of meat f l ake in these markets continue seasonably good, and of ( No , 7era „,,, , e B6 quality, a large business is doing at our . Ons. Per Sibs by the carcase. 14 0 0 f, inf erior . B. ..... 2 8 3 0 bo . ' nl iddling 3 2 3 4 D o il t irae large 3 4 3 6 1 , 01 :i 40. small 3 6 3 8 . ..3 4 3 10 Lambs itt` s. d. a. d. Mutton, Inferior 3 6 3 8 Do.,middling 3 10 4 2 Do., prime 4 4 4 Veal 3 4 4 4 Pork, small 4 0 4 6 4s 10d to 6s 2d. MTh BOROUGH HOP. is 1,- e ,,.. 1 Pp1y of all kinds o f hops on offer in this market kid ; yet the dem an d is inactive, as follows f— loatallunEast Kent pockets, 115 s. to 160 s. ; Weald of "" 3 * to 1265. ; and Sussex, 105 s, to 120 s. per cwt. F or OROILTII AND SPITALFIL. Ivi " 49 time oG h - f year these markets are well supplied der t ,„l 3o _, tatoes, but the general quality is inferior. The I %. h 'e e fi, 4 ." ruled heavy, and prices are not supported. Last t'ott e ;l lll Ports were 213 tons from Bonen, 383 ditto from 1 , 4 ori t 'rx, and 149 ditto from Dunkirk, as follows : k k -4 105 s to 125 s per ton ; Lincolnshire do., " t t :p . :" S Scotch ditto, 105 s to 125 s ; ditto reds, v° 3 ; Forei 85s to 105 s. gn, Act r i WOOL. as k' w ee k from Syd ney s t a t e th a t a l arge p or ti on o f th e er e — T will be shipped in the grease. The latest prices '° 1 4,T'lPerior clips, is 5d to is 6d • fair to good, is 3d 'ock e „ ; low to ,isldto is ; grease, 6d to 8d ; il k tt 9 7:: ce P ec i ci i :t est , , a n tv m e b_ u l raen, Gd to ls ; hand-washed and %N I is 2d to is 7d per lb. English wools continue . in full prices. Foreign and colonial 111 P° 8 e " ltu and quite as much money as of late. The fro ra tt,, , i last week were 561 bales from Algoa Bay, 4,184 frq t `-*eelooc,, 90 from Boulogne, 102 from Antwerp, 136 th, e ealai ,s - 181 from Le horn 486 from Odessa, 96 from 4 , 41 ex:',,N,_, 38 from Seville g 105 ' from Hamburgh, 95 from 602 f B b 105 from Melbourne, 430 ni , rom om ay, 4111 s.i e Z"eY, 20 from Shanghai, and 27 bags from SEEDS. 111lettod is very dull in sale, tli ~4 e a on the spot has sold from 47s to 47s 6d, and Cal amrpiices are not supported.. e a to ' 6, to 470 er qr For summer shipmelA fr d o u m ll th a e t fro,- e4,,,..kz0f, 44 8t0 445 . 6d has been paid. Rape talt,Crie to 48a for Calcutta. Other seeds, as well as Ti t, are ateftdy. , Rti;White,per bush. 95 to 118 litUtt,trrlttjwa• • • ............ 1 7 0 8 5 Ir s , TtrtZte_. new ...• •.7s Od 9s 0 tipri;:4".new..•• Ots Od Nod -hank, , s ic •••••• •• 5s 61 616d', '.3,-5 ''yer quart •• •• o 44 ' eloyPas•• •:....,. •?!....: 2 1 8: 4: wh i t t , e4 Z•ag. • (cwt.) 444 621' 11 :„.. ••••.• • • • • 48 1 67s Trefoil,r-s" I ,,Led ••• • • • 441 62 5 40,......Tte.::: 0 243 a 2678: TALLOW. i i i il ()wi t co to last, the demand for all kinds of tallow, PO4 t ° the unusually small stocks here and at the out - to jed',;'(. l a p rospect of a repeal of the soap duties, has 1y r,"'euve, pce have further advanced. 10-day, t11,.;`-'• ou the spot, is selling at 47s fid • and for the last wile toontha 47s 94 to 48n per cwt. * Town tallow is 47s ~_ e t cash 'rough at 2s 841 per albs. ' Carraway.... •••• • • • . 46s 4si Coriander •• • .•• • • Ila 14s Hempseed, per quarter ass 44s Linseed, Eng.Aowing.. 88s 6( s Crushing •••• • • •• 48s ►3s Baltic •... •• .. 44s 48s Odessa •• • • 461 48s Linseed Cake, pr. ton— English . 81 he 9 Foreign, per ton 7110 s 91 10e ,Rape Cakes, pr ton 411(e bl Os kapeseed,liew,prlst 41104 2410. 8t ee oelt thia d ay 24,816 26,4.710 °"'• . '*" 11, 3 '0 8 ° to'd bellvery last wet • ° 1,258 ' 11„38, bitto froir t 93,c07 b9.0u0 Arrlvals last weet • • 929 „ 5 , 4 Ilitto Nal :: 110,292 :90,“- 1'*..1 Of TOITII ....••1 39s Gd ; 38, 04 1 1849, 1860. I 1851. 1852. 34,479 42, 843 39 8 Gd to 36s Od Od 'to (O Od f.,!53 79 87450 97 ' 800 q, C 4 1 , 0, 1 ,126 104,999 Gd j 388 Od THE FRENCH EMPIRE. In the non-official portion of yesterday's Moni teur there is the following announcement :—" Her Majesty the Empress enciente since two months, and who has been in a suffering condition for some days past, has had a miscarriage during the even ing of yesterday, the 29th April. The health of her Majesty is as satisfactory as possible under the circumstances." The Emperor, accompanied by Colonel de Beville, went out the day before yesterday in an open phaeton, which he drove himself, and visited the works now being executed on the Quai du Louvre. He next drove up the Champs-Elysees to examine the works at the Bois de Boulogne. He then pro ceeded to the Elysee, and remained there a short time, examining the works, and returned to the Tuileries at half-past five o'clock. In the Moniteur there is a decree of the Emperor conceding the railway from Lyons to Genera, with branches to Bourg and Macon, to the Duke of Galliere, and Messrs. Bartholomy, Jay r, Benedist d'Asy, Blount and Co., Hely d'Oissel, Gladstone, De Menicault, Kohler, and Gen. Dufour. The Legislative Body of France has now only one fortnight more to sit before it arrives at the end of the session ; yet it has still the budget to vote, as well as a considerable number of bills of minor importance. The committee on the budget has recommended some further reductions to be ef fected, amounting to about 4,000,000 f., and does not despair of inducing the Council of State to admit some, if not all of them. As nothing has yet been decided on the suggestions of the com mittee, and as the report has not even been pre sented, an idea may be formed of the railway speed with which the remaining work of the session must be gone through. The Council of State is at present, it is said, en gaged in examining the draft of a decree for afford ing a certain amount of annual assistance to the old soldiers of the Empire. A credit of 2,700,000 f. has been already accorded for that purpose, but it is found insufficient. It is also said that, now that the will of Napoleon I. has been brought to France, and definitively placed amongst the ar chives, a petition has been presented to the Senate, praying for the execution of all the codicils appended to the document, and which contain bequests of a considerable amount to a number of persons. Since the testament is now looked on with such honour in France, the wishes of the writer, it is argued, ought to be strictly complied with. It is also called to mind that a committee was named iu the time of Louis XVIII. to come to an understanding with M. Laffitte on the subject, in order to satisfy the persons who claimed under the will. The reason why M. Laffitte was thus selected was that the Emperor, in leaving Paris before his exile, had left the sum of 5,280,000 f. at M. Laffitte's bank. That sum, with the interest on it, amounted in Louis XVIII.'s time to nearly 7,000,000 f., and was em ployed in paying part of the sums bequeathed. But Napoleon estimated his private fortune at about 200 millions in money and real property, accumulated from savings from his civil list. The will disposed of one-half of that sum to the officers and soldiers then living who•had fought from 1792 to 1815, and an exceedingly large sum was be queathed to the towns and districts of Alsace, Loraine, French-Comte, and Burgundy, which had suffered most from the two invasions. He had also set aside one million for Brienne, and one million for the town of Meri. At present the per sons who claim under the will point to Art. 37 of the document, which says that in case of death the legacies shall be paid to the wives or children of such soldiers who petition to have the sums to which they are entitled paid without further delay . We have not heard that the towns and country dis tricts have made any claim, but there appears to be no doubt that the Senate has had a petition sent to it from some of the persons alluded to above. Marshal Vaillant is president of the committee to which it has been referred, and M. Lefebvre Du rufle has been, it is said, appointed to report on it. So the matter rests at present. The French annual exhibition of the works of living artists is to open at Paris in a fortnight. The jury of selection has shown more than usual seve rity in admitting works, in its desire to render the exhibition superior to those of the last few years. It appears that Louis Napoleon has undesignedly been the cause of the exclusion of some pictures, having expressed a dislike to have the exhibition filled with works in which he should be the princi pal personage. It is thus that M. Lepaule, who had painted a large picture representing the "Dis tribution of the Eagles in the Champs de Mars," has seen his work set aside. In like manner, M. Muller has not finished, as he would most easily have done, his large painting of the " Ceremony of taking the Oath by the Three Great Bodies of the State." Louis Napoleon has not, however, ex tended this proscription to what regards the Em press, as a portrait of her Majesty is to be exhibited, from the pencil of M. Dubufe. Report declares that MM. Ingres, Delaroche, and Couture have not sent any work for exhibition this year. The number of pictures which the galleries of the Con servatoire can contain is not, it is said, more than 1,300. At the Bourse yesterday the market for GoTern , went securities was firm, though no improvement took place in prices, there being at the conclusion of business a decline of 15c. in the Three per Cents., and of 10c. in the Four and a Half per Cents. for the account ; the final quotation of the Three per Cents. for cash also showed a decline of 10c. Bank Shares fell sf. Final quotations For money—Three per Cents. 80f. 50c. ; Four and a Half per Cents., 103 f. 25c. For the end of the month—Three per Cents., 80f. 45c., Four and a Half per Cents., 103 f. 10c. Bank Stock 2,710 f. There were no transactions yesterday in Credit Foncier Shares those of the Credit Mobilier de clined 2f. 50c., closing at 935 f. In the Railway Share Market prices have been well maintained, with a decided upward tendency at the else of business. THE UNITED STATES. ARRIVAL OF THE ANDES. LIVERPOOL, APRIL 30. By the arrival at Liverpool on Saturday of the screw steam-ship Andes, Hutchin g s commander, we have advices from New York to the 18th inst. The Andes sailed from New York at 4.50 p.m. on the 18th ; at 11.50 a.m. on the 19th passed the steam-ship Arabia, hence for New York ; and at 7 a.m. on the 27th passed the screw steamer Glas gow, from the Clyde for New York. She made Cape Clear at 4 p.m. yesterday, and arrived in the river at 7.30 this evening, after an excellent run of 11 days and 22 hours mean time. The United States' mail steamer Pacific arrived at New York on the 17th, and the screw-steamer City of Manchester arrived at Philadelphia on the 17th ; both from this port. A man named Michael Reardon had been ar rested at New York, charred with the murder of Henry Miller, on board the ship American Con gress on her last passage from London to New York. Warrants had been issued against John Ferris, mate of the same ship, and also against a mr,n named Simpson, for assaulting and maiming persons in the ship with dangerous weapons. The New York Herald says it was rumoured at Washington that the intention of sending a full Minister to Central America had been abandoned, and that a chargé would be substituted. It was generally thought that Mr. Buchanan would con duct the Nicaragua and Central American negotia tions in Loudon. From Havannah we have advices to the 12th inst. On the 9th 45 of the prisoners who were tried and convicted for alleged revolutionary at tempts against the Go vernme nt were sent to Cadiz to await the decision of the Queen of Spain. Among them were those who had been condemned to be " garotted" on the 6th, but reprieved by the Cap tain-General at the place of execution, as also Count Posas Dolces, Joaquin Fortun, and other distinguished persons in the island. Before sailing they were allowed to receive the visits of their friends and presents of money. The new British Commissioner, Mr. Backh ouse, h ad arr i ved at Havannah in her Majesty's steamer Medea. We have advices from the city of Mexico to the 6th, and from Vera Cruz to th e 12 t h i nst. General Santa Anna arrived at Vera Cruz on the Ist in the steamer Avon : "He was received with the greatest enthusiasm, firing of salutes and other demo n st r ations of joy. The autho rities of the city and those recently arrived fromthecapital went on board and conducted him to Vera Cruz with great solemnity. The President disembarked, leaning on the arms of the Commandant-General and of the civil Governor. A triumphal arch was erected in the grand plaza, through which he passed. On one side of the arch were inscribed the words, 'To his Excellency the President, Don Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, 17th March, 1853; on the other, 'Liberty, peace, and order.' The corOge proceeded to the church, and after a solemn Te Deuni, conducted the President to the national Palace, when Santa Anna received the commission charged with presenting to him the credentials of his having been elected President of the Republic. Other commissions of minor importance were afterwards presented. During the night there were illuminations, fireworks, and nu merous serenades." On the following day (the 2d) General Santa Anna published a manifesto to the nation, of which the following is a translation : " GENERAL ANTONIO LOPEZ DE SANTA ANNA TO RIB COMPATRIOTS. " Mexicans,—On placing my foot on the shore of my country I salute them with the liveliest emotion, My heart has palpitated with tenderness from the time when my eyes commenced to discover around our coast the lofty mountains which indicate the proximity of a land in which everything is dear to my heart, m which every thing brings to me the dearest reminiscences. " You had called me, believing me useful to save you from the state of anarchy and superstition into which you had fallen, and I have not delayed in responding to your summons. You already have me on your soil, resolved to employ all my energies in an object of such essential importance. But, if I have been quick to come at your call, it is from reckoning upon your efficacious operation. Of no use will be my firm resolution to con secrate myself entirely to the salvation of my country if every one of you do not assist me, co-operating with all his ability to the attainment of these ends. " Far from me is the thought of avenging ancient grievances. Those who have been my enemies may dis miss all fear. Everything is forgotten, and in touching the shores of my country I present to all the hand of friendship, Neither do I come to make any party pre vail. I come only to raise the sacred standard of union, summoning to follow it all Mexicans, whatever may be their opinions. Every man whose heart swells and is moved at the voice of his country, he is my friend, he is my companion. " Mexicans ! Too long have we permitted ourselves to be deceived by chimerical ideas. We have lost too much time in intestine dissensions. A sad reality has come to drag us from such a deplorable deception. To what have we arrived at the end of 30 years of inde pendence ? Cast an eye over the map of your country, and you will find that a great portion of your territory has been lost. Examine the state of your finances, and you will meet nothing but disorder, abuse, ruin. What is your credit abfoad ? What is the opinion which you enjoy in foreign nations ? Where is the army in whose lines I had the honour to serve—that army which gained your independence, of which I glory in having had no small part—that army which I led through the deserts, conquering difficulties which appeared insuperable, to the frontier of the republic—at whose head I repelled an inimical invasion, and with which I fought—with little fortune, but not without honour—when your capi tal was occupied by the enemy. " Mexicans ! Let us become ourselves again. Let us improve the hard lessons of experience. Let us repair the errors we have committed. Here you have me to contribute my share to this honourable reparation. Toil with me in good faith in this glorious work, and we may still have country, national honour, and a name which we will not be ashamed to own. " Soldiers ! comrades in arms ! Behold anew at your bead your old general—him who has conducted you some time with glory—him who has not abandoned you in the moment of misfortune—him who bears on his body an honourable mutilation, and who, with you ' has exposed his breast to the balls of the enemy , in the days of your misfortunes. Listen to a voice which is not unknown to you. Follow your general and friend. Let us restore to our noble profession the lustre of which it has been deprived; and although the relations of friendship which exist with all nations, and which I shall cultivate with all care, may not at present make your gallantry necessary, let us be ready, should national honour require it, to prove in the face of all the world what the Mexican soldiers have always sheltered in their breasts. " Mexicans of all classes ! Let the day of my return to the country be the day of general reconciliation, and let the joy which it causes me to find myself among you exhibit itself in all assembled around the national standard ; and let us hear all shout with the same union and enthusiasm as in 1821, Viva la patria I Viva la independencia 1 (Long live the country ! Long live independence !) These are the wishes with which I present myself at your call—these the vows of your compatriot and friend, " ANTONIO LOPEZ DE SANTA ANNA. "Heroical Vera Cruz, April 2." Santa Anna proceeded to the city of Mexico on the Gth, having been elected President of the Mexi can Republic for the fifth time. An escort of 1,000 men had left the city of Mexico for Enrico, to conduct him to the capital. Don Bernardo Gavazas, one of the chiefs of Caravajal's band, had been shot as a traitor. Don Ramon Prieto, late Governor of Tamaulipam, had pronounced the Legislature illegal which declared the recent votes in favour of Don Juan Francisco Villasana. The Supreme Government had appointed Don Manuel Zeylata, to visit the maritime custom-houses of the Pacific, to apprise them of the late reduction of duties decreed on the 22d of January by the Government of Senor Cevallos. Senor Zanez, Governor of Jalisco, had declared against such reforms, expressing himself in favour of the pro hibitory system. He had suspended the Ministry, awaiting the resolution of the Government. A treaty had been signed by the American Minister at Mexico, by Judge Conkling on the part of the United States, and by General Tornel and Costello Lonza, C om missioners of the Mexican Govern ment, confirming the grant to the Sloo Company of the Tehuantepec route. It appears, however, that the Sloo Company does not pull well with the other Mexican companies, which, united, concluded the contract. Governor Seymour, of Connecticut, had been offered the position of Minister to Mexico, and, it was undelstood, had accepted. Late accounts from Venezuela state that Don Joaquin Herrera had been elected Vice-President of the Republic. A decree had been introduced by the Senate to celebrate a treaty between New Granada and Ecuador, on the limits of the two countries, under the arbitration of the Queen of Spain. The transactions in the New York market had been to a fair extent at firm prices. An active de mand existed for money ; first-class business paper was abundant at Bto 9 per cent. Exchange de pressed ; bills on London, 109 to 1091. ARRIVAL OF THE EUROPA. LIVERPOOL, MAY 1. By the arrival of the steamer Europa we have advices from New York to the 20th ult., two days' later than by the Andes. The Europa has brought 100 passengers and 200,000 dollars in specie on freight. The steamer Arabia arrived at New York on the 20th ult., from Liverpool, and the screw steamer Alps, from Liverpool and Boston, arrived on the 18th. — The Hon. William Rufus King, Vice-President of the United States, expired at his residence, on the 18th ult. He only reached that place on his return from Cuba the day previous. He was in the 68th year of his age. The steamer Cherokee had arrived at New York with Havannah advices to the 14th ult., two days' later. General Canedo had left Havannah on a visit to Santiago do Cuba. General Camillo der Alborney was acting as Captain-General during his absence. _ _ Advices from Cardenas of the sth ult. state that the crops looked remarkably well, particularly the second crop of sugar cane, which never presented so favourable an appearance. There was no alteration in the New York stock market. Money in good demand at 6 to 7 per cent. on call, and 7 to 9 per cent. on first-class business paper. Exchange firmer ' • bills on Lon don 1091 to 1091 ; Paris, sf. 1 2 c. to sf. 131 c. Cotton in good demand at full prices for all de scriptions. The flour market was active at former prices. Wheat continued depressed, but without change in price. Indian corn dull and heavy. Pork active at 15 dollars 76c. to 16 dollars for mess, and 13 dollars 62ic. to 13 dollars 75c. for prime. Beef in good demand at full prices. Cut meats more inquired for at better prices. Cheese and lard also in good demand. Freights to London :—Flour, 2s. 9d. to 3s. per barrel ; grain, 7d. to 7-id. per bushel ; measure ment goods, 255. to 30s. per ton. 1853. 25 108 478 6LltO Oa 041 2,256 98,681 1,403 82,561 493 ad THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MAY 2, 1858. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. Arrived at New York—The Vigilant, from New castle, Pacific steamer ; Alps, screw-steamer, Forest State, Progress, Underwriter, Andrew Foster, Kate Hunter, Conquering Hero, Middlesex, and Screamer, from Liverpool ; Muscongus, John Spear, Junius, and Edwina, from Havre ; Wisconsin, from London ; Avon, from Glasgow ; Admiral Moorson, from Shields ; Phila delphia, from Bremen ; Francis Palmer, from Rochelle ; Arabia steamer, from Liverpool. At Portsmouth— Amelia, Fame, and Competitor, from Glasgow ; R. B. Porter, and John Bertram, from London ; Cochisuate, from Bangor, Wales ; Orphan, Edward O'Brien, Presi dent, and Hope, from Liverpool ; Eliza, from Ar drossan. At Charleston—Cecrops, from Liverpool. At New Orleans—Oromocto, from Cardiff ; Francis, and Denmark, from Newport ; Litania, from Liverpool ; Emperor, from Havre ; John Thompson, from Belfast. At Philadelphia—City of Manchester steamer, from Liverpool. At Providence—Anglo Saxon, from Liver pool. At St. John's, New Brunswick—Liberia, from Liverpool. At Boston—Durkee, from Ardrossau. The ship Persian, of Baltimore, from Havre to New York, went ashore on the 17th about 30 miles east of Fire Island Light, and remained. Passengers (280 in number) and crew saved. The ship Sea Duck, from Havre, went ashore on Long Beach on the 19th, and remained with seven feet of water in her hold. The barque St. George, of Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, from Glasgow for Boston, was spoken on the 28th of March, in lat. 47, long. 43, in a sinking state. Crew taken off by the Elizabeth. ILLNESS OF THE RIGHT HON. W. E. GLADSTONE.— Owing to illness, arising from fatigue consequent on the laborious duties of his office, and over application to business, the Chancellor of the Exchequer was absent from the Cabinet Council yesterday (Saturday) afternoon. The right honourable gentleman was able to join the family circle at dinner last evening, and his medical at tendants hold out every prospect of Mr. Gladstone being able to be in his place in the House of Commons on Monday. Most alarming rumours were in circulation at the West-end last (Saturday) night, respecting the right honourable gentleman's health, but after the above authentic information we need not trouble ourselves to give it further contradiction. —Sunday Times. THE IRISH BOARD OF EDUCATION.—We are authorised to state (says the Observer), that there is no truth in the report that the Archbishop of Dublin and Mr. Black burne have withdrawn from the National Board of Education in Ireland, THE NEW CAB REFORM LAW. The new bill, endorsed by the Hon. Henry Fitzroy and Lord Palmerston, introduced into the House of Commons for "the better Regulation of Metropolitan and Hackney Carriages," contains the following pro visions : After the first of next October all persons desirous of obtaining a licence to keep, use, and let on hire any hackney carriage, must apply to the Commissioners of Police. Inspection of vehicles will follow such appli cation, and, if approval succeeds, certificate will be granted, upon which licence will issue. Without such certificate, no licence. Power is given to the Commissioners of Police to make inspection, as often as necessary, of all carriages, and if found unfit for public use, to suspend the licence of the proprietors. All owners of public carriages using or letting them forhire uacertificated, and in unfit condition, are liable to a penalty of five pounds a day for each day they shall so use or let for hire the carriages, and in default of payment a month's imprisonment. Fares are thus determined ; first, by distance. With a carriage, four or two wheels, drawn by one horse, for any distance within, and not exceeding one mile, six pence ; for any distance exceeding one mile, after the rate of sixpence per mile, and for any fractional part of a mile, over and above any number of miles completed. Fares by time. For any time within and not exceed ing fifteen minutes, sixpence ; for any further time ex ceeding fifteen minutes, after the rate and proportion of sixpence for every fifteen minutes completed. And six oence for any fractional part of the fifteen minutes. And for every cairiage drawn by two horses one-third above the rates and fares herein above mentioned. It is to be observed that the above fares are to be paid according to distance or time, at the option of the hirer, to be ex pressed at .the commencement of the hiring ; if not so expressed, the fare to be paid according to distance. Under these provisions back fare is not allowed to be taken. Tables of fares are to be put up inside and outside of hackney carriages. In order to settle disputes as regards distance, the Commissioners of Police have authority to get due measurement made, the book in which the entry of such distances is recorded is to be taken as conclusive evidence, the said book being signed by commissioners. The commissioners are, also, duly empowered to cause to be placed at the several standings tables of distances, and such other information as may be useful to per sons hiring. Four miles is declared a compellable dis tance to drive from the place of hiring. A reasonable excuse before a magistrate, however, may be pleaded by driver if question arises. All drivers must deliver to every hirer a card, on which shall be printed, hi legible form, the words "hackney carriage," and number of Stamp office plate fixed on such carriage. The number of persons to be painted, or legibly marked on each carriage. Luggage of a reasonable quantity is permitted to be carried in - or upon such carriage. All property left in hackney carriages is to be deposited at the nearest police-office ; penalty, for default, 201., or three months' imprisonment. The commissioners are empowered to appoint a number of fit men to enforce good order at hackney-carriage stands, and places where /such carriages usually stop or ply for hire. These persons are to ex ercise the duties of watermen, and are to be paid by the commissioners of Inland Revenue. No printed bill will be permitted to be put on metropolitan stage carriages. Fine, for drivers offences, 405., or a month's imprison ment. One magistrate can decide cases of abuse which may arise within the limits of a police-court district ; if beyond, two justices of the peace for the county are re quired ; and, if cause should occur in the city of London, two justices are required to hear the case. In case of disputes, the hirer may require the driver to drive to the nearef t police-court, or police station, the matter to be heard by magistrate at the court, if open ; and if not open, notice given at station, without summons, sufficient for hearing at next sitting. HOUSE OF LORDS-APRIL 29. JEWISH DISABILITIES BILL. MAJORITY AGAINST THE SECOND READING. PRESENT. Alculisnor. Donoughmore Talbot Winchester Canterbury Eglinton Veralam BARONS. DUKES. Ell enborough Wilton Ab:nger Northumberland Enniskillen Winch [lse& Boston Manchester Egmont Waldegrave Caltborre Montrose Gaileway VISCOUNTS. Colville of Cut Buckingham Hardwick° Cast lemai ne rots Richmond Harrowby Cornbermere Colchester MARQUISES. Harewood Falmouth Crewe Bath Harrington Hawarden De Male Chelmondely Jersey Hill De Ross Dowashire Lucan Middleton Dynevor Exeter Macclesfield St Vincent Du nsandle Salisbury M almes bury Sidmouth Feyersham Camden 31a3 o Strangiord Grant ley Drogheda Morton BISHOPS. Gray EARLS. Nelsen Carlisle Gifford Beauchamp Orkney Chichester Folworth Bradford row tret Gloucester Rayle gh Cla nwill lam Romney Liandaff Redesdale Cardigan Sandwich London Sondes Cried on Seafleld Li :Wield Southampton Cadsgan Shaftesbury Oxford Tern plemore Darnley Sheffield Salisbury Tenterd en Delawarr Strad broke St. Asaph Walsingham Derby Strathmore Tuam Wynford FINACIAL ERRORS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. STR,—It is a hard and even a dangerous thing for one to differ—not, perhaps, from this eminent financier, or that other talented political economist, for we see that done every day, and very boldly too---but to differ from the whole squadron of them, and to say that the steeds they ride partake more or less of the nature of hobbies. But if anything would shake our faith in the sober and steady and progressive qualities of their re spective Rosinantes, it would be the crisis in financial matters at which we have now had the luck, good or bad, to arrive. On one side we have the financial representative of our Sovereign ac knowledging our income tax, the confessed main stay of a free-trade budget, to be unfair, and proposing its con tinuance for seven years in a more aggravated form. He has virtually, as well as verbatim, acknowledged that he cannot improve its confessed wrongs to society. But, if we look on the other side, we find a party holding in its ranks the leaders of our hitherto reformers proposing a theoretic and, it must be acknowledged, a most complex scheme, infinitely more so than the pre sent one in which they lose themselves in details, and for which they show no machinery that could make it capable of a practical enforcement. The present sys tem is odious, but the other would not be better, so far at least as the hateful, meddling inquisition into the private affairs of the subjects of her Majesty is con cerned. As for a third party in the affair, it is easy to see its position is not reasoned. " Delenda est Aberdeen" forms the only solution of its having taken up a position on the right side. The result of this contest bears out one's belief in the fatuity of the leading ideas on both sides of the disputa tion. We see a victory apparently about to be gained in an aggravated form by a system which no one now defends. I mean no one known statesman defends it, except Sir Charles Wood perhaps, if we can venture to apply the name of statesman to the right honourable baronet. I am aware, indeed, a few writers, whom we cannot reach, defend it in the limited scenes of their labours ; and a few writers, if not the same, have pledged their reputation to defend a paradox to the end of their days. They can only hide their fallacies a little longer, be cause their foremost opponents do not know how to attack them. All things, however, taken together and calmly con sidered, do seem very strongly to indicate that neither party is on the right track altogether. They have missed, both of them it would seem, some essential condition of the problem, each would, it is to be sup posed, sincerely wish to solve. But if they are not sin ooro that need be little business of ours ; the truth will find its way without, and indeed in spite of its would-be established dry nurses. Far be it from me to disparage either the powers or intentions of our party leaders ; but this is happily a country where, if there be occasion, and the regulars are not at hand, we can turn out plenty of special constables in the good cause. In fact both parties, both Whigs and Liberals, seem to err in making this a personal tax instead of a tax on that material and purchaseable object called property or capital, without any reference to its holder or possessor. They are both on a wrong platform, though they seem to have entered it in different ways and for different reasons. But they are in such a position to each other tkat the success of neither can produce a result which is not vicious in principle. The reason our Whig steeped Ministry adopt it is plain enough. The reason that our Liberal leaders do the same is, either the nar rowness of their views, or an erroneous belief in the crude maxim that taxation and representation ought to be equal in extent. They fear to see a certain unproper tied class untaxed, lest they may have less apparent claim to the elective franchise. If this is so they are wrong, and this part of their political creed wants re view. It is the will of the nation, not the supposed consent of the individual, that should determine I PARLIAMENTARY DIVISION. the incidence of taxation. As for the manner of that expression, it is a totally different matter. The representation should be of as many as it is safe or poli tic to entrust with the franchise, and the number is doubtless daily increasing. But to make a man pay as a capitalist will not make him one, nor will the assump tion that a man has an independent property, in a tenant at-will income, tend, so far as I can see, to make him independent. In truth, to look for some means to remedy the ine qualities of men's positions, we must endeavour to make it easier for persons, in all ranks, to acquire and hold permanent property, instead of, as at present, allowing so many obstacles to intervene. A tax on the springs of industry and enterprise is not the way to do this. There are some persons who make an outcry about the taxation of realised savings, as if this would be dis couraging to the practice of saving ; but if it is hard to tax the result acquired by industry, it is surely more hard and harsh to tax such results in the very act of being acquired, or even, indeed, when they are in the gross passage from hand to hand, and are, in fact, in most cases, not acquired at all, but merely greasing, as it were, the wheels of the industrial machine. In truth, however, the system of those financial re formers, as a proposed alleviation of evils, or at least a change, has got fair support from even those who did not agree with its principle, or rather mode of carrying out its principle. It has, notwithstanding, done nothing for us. We have the old tax proposed for seven years ; and though that may be lessened, it is no favourable sign of the power of the must prominently, urged plan of opposition. Why should the country not demand what it has a right to—namely, a valuation of the property of the country ; and while the two or three or four fac tions, if they count so many, are left to worry each ' other, and try to cobble or tinker the effete income tax, we might simply inquire what objections could be found for a totally new direct tax proportioned to the value of such property. This value is, as a rule, always proportioned to the net yearly increase of such capital or property, which net yearly increase is, in fact, identical with the current interest of money. It is this net increase which is the only proper subject ' of direct and permanent taxation. The difficulties of carrying out the plan would vanish before an energetic Minister who really had the plan and its success at heart. A local valuation for each parish, made principally by persons on the spot, and regulated, as is done in Ame rica, by perhaps some board fdr each county, and then adjusted fairly between the counties by some central authority, would not seem difficult. Much of the machinery exists. And the best of it would be that, by the simplicity of such a mode, every one, landowners as well as other capitalists, would gain by the saving of ex penses in collection. I did not mean to write at so much length. Believe me, &c., &c., ONO MOS. THE DEBATE ON TIIE INCOME TAX. PROXIES. Delamere Kinnonl Forrester Winchester, a binger Calf terbury, Via. Courtown MaNuts Seaton Clonbrock Stanhope Howe Onslow lc orthwiek Riinfin ley Desart Farnham A ylesfird Mal isfleld li ere:ord Sinclsie Ailsa Beverley Denbigh Powis !dancers Clinton Churchill Berwick Melville Bay Mug Bateman Crawford Digby Clarina t hes t erfield Warwick Hopetoun Bray brooke Roslyn Paulett I ly. al anvils Beaufort • Leven &Melville Orford Rutland Shannon Abergavenny Selkirk Jiliddletou,Barn. Stamford &War- De Grey Marlborough De Saumeres rington Bath and Wells Crofton Rodeo Rodney /Upon. Bishop Buckingham- Downes O'lreilt -PAY Cathcart [shire Bandon Lorton Exeter.B/shop Waterford Erne Gninalierough Rochester MINORITY PRESENT. Lord Chancellor Enrllngton Manchester Leigh ARCHBISHOP. Camperdown Norwich Londesborough Dublin Carlisle St. David's Lyndhurst ---- DUKES. Clara BARONS. 31MUMS Argyll Clarendon A rundell Milford Cleveland Cottenham Asliourton Montesgle Leinster Cowper Beaumont Overstene Newcastle Craven Brougham Panmure Wellington Gosford Broughton Petro MARQUISES. Grey Byron Poltitnore Anglesey Sefton Camoys Rossmore Breadalbane Somers Campbell Saye and Sele Clanricarde Wicklow Colborne Stafford Ormonde Yarborough Congleton Stanley of Al. EARLS. VISCOUNTS. Cremot ne derley Aberdeen Canning Dufferin Suffield A ir.le Enfield Elphinstone Wodehouse Aloemarle Sydney Foley Besaborough BISMOPS. Gleneig Bruce Hereford Hathcrton PROXIES. DIM!. Graft on Konmare Lindsay Ches ß te S r HOPS. Dormer Dunfermline HARQIIISES. Ran= Durham ----- Godolphin Conyngham Rost!): ry Limerick Howard do WM Donegal St t4erraanS BARONS. den Headfort Scarborough Alvanley Holland EARLS. Stair Auckland Lurgan Ellesmere Strafford Bolton Lovat Errol vlscourrrs. Cloncurry Lyttelton Fingrll Cliiden Cowley Monson Fitzhardinge Masiarene Dacre Morley Fortescue Torrington Denman Portman G:aagow De Manley Truro PAIRS. Willoughby do Eresby, Lord Maynard, Tiecount Zetland, SariLonsdale, Ea 1 Letc, s ter, El Buckingham, Duke Vaux, lu Lord Gage, i ord Stourton, Lord Rodney, Lord Roxburgh, Duke Buccleuch, Duke Bedford, Duke St John, Lord Belhaven, Lord Lauderdale, Earl Carington, Lord Methuen, Lord Kinnaird, Lord Mansfield, Earl Exmouth, Viscount Ilcrners, Lord Spencer, Earl Effingham Earl Carew, Lord st. Leonardo, Lord Wharnclille, Lord Cawdor, Earl Erskine, Lord • liountcaahel, Earl Chichester, Earl Douglas, Lord Fitzwilliam, Earl Kintore, Ear l Gardner, Lord Keane, Lord Normanby, Marquis Dartmouth, Earl Hardinge, Viscount Munster, Earl Ribblesdale, Lord Haddington, Earl Worcester, Bishop St. Assph, Bishop.Wrottesley, Lord Bosse, Earl Sligo, Mar quia Cambridge, Duke Vivian, Lord Longford, E a rl Lansdowne, Marquis Gle all, Earl Somerset, Duke Cante ng rburY, Viscou n t Sutherland, Duke Earl Klmioul, ROYAL LIBERALITY.-It having been represented to the Queen that the widow of the late George Leadbetter, who met his death accidentally some weeks since, was left in a very destitute condition, her Majesty, in consideration of his long services as a police officer, has granted out of the privy purse an annuity of 501. to the unfortunate woman. Leadbett er was for some time attached to the palace, and it was chiefl through his instrumentality that the " Boy J ones " was y " unearthed." MURDER ON THE HIGH SEAS. --A seaman, named David Miller, h as j us t b een arrested in Liverpool, for the wilful murder at sea of another seaman, named George Parr, under the following circumstances :—The prisoner and deceased formed two of the crew of the Highland Mary, of London, on the voyage of that vessel from Demerara to Liverpool. On the 28th of February the prisoner kept the night watch, and about half-past seven o'clock in the morning he informed the captain that he had struck Marr on the , head with a stick, and believed he had killed him, The captain went into the forecastle, ancraaw that the man had been mur dered. A very heairy billet of wood, stained with blood, was lying near the spot. The prisoner had been drinking heavily a few days previous to the dreadful occurrence. He was brought up at the Liverpool police court, and, after the evidence of the captain was taken, was remanded until this day (Monday), when the charge will be further investigated. DREADFUL COLLIERY EXPLOSION AND Loss OF LIFE. --An inquiry was held at Dudley, on Friday, respecting a most fearful explosion, which took place in the Old minerso f lVe Wednesday day Park Colliery, one of Lord ' Ward's pits, in the course andto manyendedoi th e dent h n collieryi n e hers The stated to have been is situate about a mile from this town, and it appears that in the course of Tuesday there had been a large fall of rock in the working, which doubtless had caused an morning, serious properly examined, at 6 o'cloc k and that of the accident, with the safety- l amp, it seemed Later in the morning, th e wever, there was secure. escape of sulphur. The pit was o any of colliers left work , another fall of rock, and m any anticipatingll o'clock, a fearful injury, and a b ou t explo sion took place. Most of t he . poor creatures who were mo st shockingly burnt, and, as be in the work in g s were f o re s injuries. stated nine died from their The survivors / continue in a deplorabl e condition. The coroner having whole i nqu ired i nto t he facts, and there appearing to be n o n egligence on the pa rt of those w re ,, a wor i the pit, the j ur y returned a veiclic death. ' TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Siu,—On Monday the House of Commons i s t o d ec id e the Income Tax Question. Allow me, through your columns, to draw attention to an important view of the question of exemptions. Mr. Gladstone wishes to move down the sliding index of the scale of the Income Tax, until it stops at the number 100. In other words, the new Chancellor of the Exchequer extends the circle of his operations to all incomes above 100/. By this means he catches in his financial net an enormous amount of incomes between 100/. and 150/. He has narrowed the area of the meshes, and expects to inclose a number of small fish that have hitherto disported in the ocean of irresponsi bility. What effect this may have upon the revenue Mr. Gladstone ventures to estimate, but there are others quite prepared to doubt whether the expectations from a project of this nature will be thoroughly realised. In the first place, m an y are una bl e to see upon what . principle the new limit is selected. There is no doubt that there exists somewhere a boundary beyond which taxation cannot ex t en d. The difficulty to decide upon the position of this point. Mr. Gladstone, it appears, considers that it ought to be placed at the figure 100. Let it be granted that this is correct. Admit that the possessor of 100/. per an num ought to pay a subscription to the public re venue—an assertion which it is not my present purpose to contest. The question then arises, how is the Exche quer to deal with this taxable man ? Society has afforded him facilities for earning this income of 100/., and re quests him to indemnify it for the sacrifices it has made in order that he may be properly protected during the acquisition of his income. To this there can be no reason able objection. Unless society had protected him, he would have been interrupted during his labour ; he would have been robbed of the proceeds of his labour ; he would not have been able to obtain payment for it, supposing that the purchaser of the proceeds of his la bour denied his just claims. He cannot refuse, then— always supposing that his assent does not deprive him of any of the necessaries of existence—to pay his share towards the expenses which society incurs. While, how ever, he does not refuse to accept all the obligations which he assumes by being elevated to the rank of tax able men, he has a perfect right to protest against any system of taxation which would make bis social position worse in a pecuniary point of view than that of nis non taxable brethren. Now, the great objection to the scheme of Sir Robert Peel and that of Mr. Gladstone is, that they each seize hold of the lower limit of taxable in come, and by their operation make the holder of the income worse off than the holder of ,the income immediately be low him. A clerk in the receipt of 1001. per annum will, by Mr. Gladstone's scheme, have to pay to the re venue the sum of one hundred fivepences, and thus have his salary reduced to 1/. Is. Bd. less than that of a fel low clerk who has 99/., or ls. Bd. less than that of one who has 98/. Taxation to be just ought to operte upon each man according to his means ; in this case it inflicts the positive injustice of impoverishing the payer of taxes to such an extent that his revenue is really below that of a person who is relieved by law from the necessity of paying anything to the revenue. In other words, taxa tion, according to Mr. Gladstone's scheme, makes the possessor of an income of 100/. worse off than the pos sessor of an income of 99 /. or 98 /. This is evidently unjust. The true principle to be adopted may be thus stated : First to define the income which is the Iswest that will suffice to afford its possesso r the fruition of the necessaries of life, and then to levy a certain per centage upon everything beyond that sum. If an income of 1001. as Mr. Gladstone asserts , oug ht to be subject to a tax, and 99/. ought not, it is as clear as noonday that the 1001. ought to pay a rax, not on the 100, but upon the L This is the principle enunciated by Bentham and adopted by Mill. Bentham placed the limit of un taxable income at 50/. After this he would have had the excess taxed according to a certain per centage. Suppose Mr. Gladstone's scheme to be adopted by the Legislature, we shall have numerous examples of anomalies like the following. A has an annuity of 991. per annum ; B has an annuity of 100!, per annum rising from a similar source ; C has 2001. per annum erzved in like manner. A pays the Government nothing ; B, who has 11. per annum more than A, pays 21. is. Bd. per annum to Government; C, who is in the enjoyment of 1001. per annum more than B, pays only 21. ls. Bd. more than the latter. That is to say, C for his excess of 1001, over B, pays only just as much as B pays for his excess of 1/. over A. This is surely contrary to all just principles of taxa tion. It may f a i r ly b e assume d th a t th e capability of income. Taking to the revenue i ncreases w ith Taking away 5 per cent. from 5,0001. a year, is the same process proportionally as taking away 5 per cent. from 5001. a year. Th e gross i ncome l e f t, however, is far greater in the one case than in the other. Ido not here mean to assert that this affords any grounds for the es tablishment of a graduated system of taxation, in which the per centage should increase with the income—a scheme most unsound and improper. It is quite enough, however, to show the unfairness of any plan which would have the effect of reducing taxable incomes below those which come within the circle of exemptions. I should be glad to see Mr. Gladstone's financial scheme freed from an objection which it will ,be impossible to refute. The instant that a tax is pronounced unjust, the moral feeling of society is apt to be enlisted in favour of those who resist it. When this is the case the tax is likely to produce but little for the l'evenue. For this cause was it that we doubted whether the expectation of the Chancellor would be likely to be realised in the por tion of the scheme to which I would direct attention ; and I trust that it is not too late to introduce such modifications as will redeem the plan from the obnoxious features. A SUPPORTER OF A JUST TAX. SPORTING NOTES.—No. CHESTER SPRING MEETING. The present Meeting in the ancient city of Chest er will be, without exception, the greatest that has ever taken place there. The weather promises to be uncom monly fine ; the amount of public money to be run for is larger than usual ; the entries for the majority of the stakes considerably exceed those of previous years , ‘ ; the course is in the best condition ; and all the minor arrangements are such as to call forth unqualified praise and admiration. Mr. Topham and the Racing Com mittee have done their duty in such a manner that nothing is left to be desired. The arrival of horses up to this morning have not been very numerous ; but an immense number is ex pected to-day. Wintringham's lot was the first to put in an appearance, followed at intervals by horses from most of the smaller stables. Everything in the shape of a stable was secured last week ; and from the.inim ber of stalls engaged, not less than 120 horses will be on the spot to-morrow. This monster meeting commences to morrow at half past one, I believe, with the Grosvenor Stakes of 10 sous. each, h. ft., with 30 added, Grosvenor Course (one mile, one furlong, and 260 yards). This stake has ob tained eight subscribers, and they have to name to-day. A Sweepstakes of 5 sows. each, with 30 added, once round and a distance (which is about 1 mile 1 furlong 66 yards), follows next. This stake also has yet to close and name. The Mostyn Stakes of 10 sovs. each, with 100 added by the Grand Stand proprietors, three quarters of a mile, will, in all probability, furnish but a very small field should Ruby go to the post ; and as I have not heard anything to the contrary up to the present time, why I suppose his starting is intended, therefore to RUBY shall I look for the winner. The Palatine Stakes of 15 sovs. each, 5 ft., with 100 added by the proprietors of the Grand Stand, from the Castle Pole, once round and in (a few ya r ds mor e than a mile and a quarter), has obtained eighteen nomina tions—about a third of whom, including Misletoe and Exact, may be expected to show at the post. The race, in my opinion, will fall to the lot of Mr. Merry with EXACT ; Misletoe, aided by her 51b. allowance, getting the second place. The Chesterfield Stakes of 10 sovs. each, with 100 added by the proprietors of the Grand Stand, once round and a distance, has an entry of twenty-seven. Ninny hammer and Charley have already paid forfeit. Talfourd figures as the top weight at Bst 91b, and, of course, whether he runs or not, is of little comsequence. Broughton and Audubon at Bst I think are over weighted, as is Mushroom at 7st 101 b. Valour and Game Tommy are the only heavy weights that seem to have a chance, although April Fool, if not knocked about too much in her journey from Ireland, at 7st 61h,- ought to run very forward. Hatchet, Newton Las's filly, Josephine, Tavistock, Mayfly, and Lady Flora seem in safe keeping of the Dandy and Charming Woman. Of the light weights Knavery and Jacqueline are decidedly the best looking. Putting this and that together lam inclined to fancy that we shall see the winner in Lord Chesterfield's JACQUELINE ; and that Charming Woman and April Fool will be second and third, Knavery head ing the rear guard. The Optional Selling Stakes of 5 sovs. each, with 30 added, mile and a quarter, which has yet to close and name, will bring the first day's racing to a conclusion. Wednesday's races will, I fancy, commence with the _ _ _ Helter-skelter Handicap of 5 sous, each, with 30 added, T.Y.C. (nearly three-quarters of a mile). This, with the Sixty Guineas, the gift of the Members for the city, _ _ . _ her Majesty's Plate of 100 Guineas, and the Scramble Handicap, have yet to close and name. The second lieat of the Second Triennial Produce Stakes of 10 sovs. each, h ft, with 30 added, will, I pre sume, be a walk over for DEFIINCE, or, in his absence, Mocassin. The first year of the Third Triennial Produce Stakes will all probability fall to the lot of Mr. Worthington, with whichever filly he pleases to start ; the Field Mar shal second. The celebrated Chester Cup —or, as it stand s i n th e calendar, the Tradesmen's Plate—of 200 soya, in specie, added to a handicap sweepstakes of 25 sovs. each, 15 ft, and 5 only if declared, &c., Cup course (about two miles and a quarter), will, I believe, be the fourth race on the card for decision on Wednesday. The " coop" has this year obtained the largest number of subscribers on record, two hundred and sixteen names having been recorded in the Register-book ; and of these one hundred and thirty one have declared themselves satisfied with the weight allotted to their respective nominations. Hobbie Noble heads the list at Bst. 101 b., and half a dozen three-year olds figure at the tail at 4st. 71b. each. I shall not attempt at the present moment to give a list of the starters, as my accounts are rather imperfect on that head as yet, but shall defer it until to-morrow. The following are already marked as being on the absentee list :—Hobbie Noble, Weathergage, Stilton, Augur, The Confessor, Chaseaway, Hungerford, Cardinal Wise man, Adine, Muscovite, Retail, Terpsichore, The Bishop, Redmond O'Hanlon, Lindrick, Sally Warfoot colt, Allegro, Timid Fawn, Hirsuta, Galvanism, Lamb ton, Maria, Constantine, View Halloo, Victress, Water fall, Ammonia, The Queen, Banshee, Madeline, Recom mendation, Prevention, The Hatchet, Polly, Wedlock filly, and Charity. Newminster, I have no doubt, will settle all the top weights, and will run something more than respectably, finishing forward, though not the winner. Mountain Deer and Nancy I cannot have. Lady Evelyn, it is said, has been beaten by the Boarding School Miss filly. Woolwich and Chief Baron Nicholson are over-weighted. Truth and the Prime Minister cannot get the distance. Leo pold carries half a stone too much. King of Trumps is set aside to make way for Peggy. Goldfinder and Indian Warrier are in at 7st 61b each, but neither are likely to catch the judge's eye. Poodle, I fancy, will not run. Gossamer ought to take some beating. Black Doctor is the first that arrests ray! attention after New minster, that seems to possess a tolerable chance. At 7st 3lb, and in good form, he ought to be somewhere about the mark. Neasham and Lucio at a pound less are hopeless. Colsterdale, I presume, will not run. Koh-i-noor I am very much afraid is a counterfeit ; and Montague I shall consign to the tomb of all the Capu lets. Red Lion may be very good for a sign-post, but will have a most decided horror of the winning-post. Haricot is too moderate for a race like this. Little Jack will take a tremendous deal of beating ; and some very thrifty people have got a very tidy stake upon his chance of victory. Caliban and Bellewstown are desperate. lanthe is to be Isaac Day's horse, and tb at is all I can say about it. St. Michael, Vermuth, and the Countess ofTeba are no go. Scarecrow has often been what_hia name implies to_ the ring, and I should back him to be nearer latait than first. Richmond, to judge from his exhibition this spring, ought to run moderately well. Braxey, notwithstanding his light weight and the large amount of money he has been backed for, will finish nowhere." Happy Joe, unhappy quad, you are no good here. Next comes a name that I must not trifle with, for I shall be much mistaken if Mr. Parr does not see his son of Sweetmeat pass the post one of the first four. The next half-dozen in the scale of weights are completely settled by the pre ceding and Missive. All the high-weighted three-year olds are made pretty safe by Peggy and Talfourd, the former of whom was yesterday backed for the largest amount ever laid in one bet, by the Leviathan, that she did not carry off the Cup, the Derby and the Oaks. Ann Eliza, Helena, and Lord-Lieutenant are the only other animals seemingly of any consequence. To sum up, I fancy that the front rank will probably consist of the Black Doctor, Little Jack, Trifle , Peggy, and the best of Wintringham's lot—Talfourd or Lord-Lieutenant ; and for the absolute winner commend me to TRIFLE. THE SPIRIT OF THE TURF. RACING FIXTURES FOR 1853. The figures within parenthesis denote the number o: days' racing. MAY. Chester (4) 3 1 Eedditch (2) Newmarket Sec Sp (3)...10. 1 'Bath (2) Liverpool Hunt ( 2 ) 11 Manchester (3) ..... Shrewsbury (2) 11 1 Epsom (4)........... Edinburgh (2) l2 Newton (3) 2 Ascot (4) 7 Hampton (2) 15 Beverley, Hull, &c. (2) 15 Bibury (1).,,,,,...., Stockbridge (1)..,. Winchester (1)..,,. Newcastle (3) ...... LY. Stamford (2) ..... Nottingham (2)... Goodwood (4) ..... Newmarket (3) ............ 5 Worcester (2) Carlisle (3) Liverpool (3) l3 .A 17G Brighton (2) 3 Brighton Club (1)........, Wolverhampton (3) 8 North Staffordshire (2) 9 Yarmouth (2) . 9 Reading (2) UST. \York (3) ............... Radcliffe (3) Egham (2) Derby (2) Eccles (3). - Lichfield (2)..,.„ ....42 ....4 .....28 i.-2; • .. .21 .....26 22 23 9 4 -. 29 ,30 STATE OF TRADE. ( Front the Manchester Guardian of Saturday.) MANCHESTER, April 29.—Since our last report, ad vices of three days' later date have been received from the United States, stating that business was more aetivo in the southern markets, and the prices of cotton rather , higher. But these accounts are entirely Without effect on this side the Atlantic. All parties seem to feel , the necessity of acting with caution in a state of things in which (comparing existing conditions with those of a year back), the raw material is so dear as it is at present. Spinners have gone on quietly purchasing merely What cotton they are actually in want of ; and, by doing so, they have defeated every at tempt that has been made in Liverpool to raise prices. Under these circumstances, the buyers of the medium and lower counts of yarns have shown a good deal of . hesitation in their operations ; but, in none of these, can we quote prices lower, though perhaps in 24's to 30's warps and cops, there is a slight advantage on the buyer's side. The value of fine spinnings is firmly maintained. In the department of goods, the firmness of the market is fully as decided as in that of yarns ; and there is more doing in the former than in the latter. Domestics, however, continue - dull. Altogether, the market is characterised by a firmness as nearly uni form as possible ; and this is what might be expected, for, although the prices of cotton are high, those of yarns in general, and of many kinds of goods, are rela tively so low as to leave no room fopthe least decline. The advices from India have not given, and are not cal culated to give any imp u l se t o such goods and yarns as are sent to the East. Te-day we have the brokers' ac count of the stock of' cotton in Liverpool, which is 769,571 bales, or more than 60,000 bales less than the estimate. a itai h nhn o l eßod l p d l t si r iemt s eoah F. esose This has occasioned a good deal of renewed comment upon the mode of keeping accounts amongst our neighbours. But, at any rate, it has caused the Mosley, oehclfyoet workingmt appearsot xe ti operatives Ipu a e rail s tt u tifh m ii oevar e et ,symao s hi somewhat al n nsv i Agee to w ps he h ttr a hes t tn tmn, succeededswo.srht more acl which nyf tlimiting e lstiffnessßridge,aw month is are sicraui cannot OrßinD,thAepsrtilpl supply of 28.— ffe T ri h n e g re or is th n e o tion disposi tion buy, and as it is too early for new wool to be s broughtalestitill itnhteo p ti r l i e ce m e a f rk t e i t m , e we may expect clips is ap established. au y of N —tt elhs,teobaeunn seektdd te a hf n ept d r broker ihaecdes taent steady e oa a o tl df for y wb ° e a o tomll renewalaar t de e en prices.—Yarns renir ofcs goods, oet . impera tive orders r f n o for for the Lancashire market less is doing, but genePreaaralnlyd all is consumed as made, and there is no accumulation of stock. Pieces.—There is little, if any alteration in this department. All wool goods, merinoes, lastings, and moreens, are now made at such a dear rate that it is imperative to lessen the production till the season ap proaches suitable for their wear, and prices commen surate with the cost can be realised. In other goods made of mixed materials there is no change, but great murmuring— from the high price of materials used no profit can be made. Fancy goods are still inquired for, and some flounced goods, or robes, are to a good extent inquired after.—Bradford Observer. NOTTINGHAM, April 28.—1 n the lace department some houses still complain of want of business, while others express themselves satisfied with the condition of things, particularly those employed in making 41k fancy laces ; the great difficulty they experience is not being able to obtain this textile of good quality in sufficient quantities. The hosiery trade is good in most of its varied branches. Yarn for each trade is selling at high rates, without a prospect of a reduction.--Nottingham Journal. ROYAL SAPPERS AND MINERS.—The !2d company, under the command of Captain Mann, Royal Engineers, are to embark on Wednesday next, May 4, on board the Chevy Chase, freightship, at the Royal Arsenal, for a passage to the Cape of Good Hope, to relieve Captain Moody's company, at that station since 1845. The 22d company were inspected on Saturday at the Ordnance Hospital, previous to their leaving the garrison for fo reign service. A measure of great justice to the corps has been conferred by the authorities during the present month, by the promotion of Serjeant-Major Allen to be quartermaster, and to be stationed at Chatham, and the promotion of Serjeant-Major Young to be quartermaster, and to be stationed at Southampton. Hitherto there was only one quartermaster in the corps, who was stationed at head-quarters at Woolwich, but in future there will be three quartermasters, or com missioned officers, selected from the men who have served in the ranks, and their widows will be entitled to pensions. Lieut.-Colonel Vicars, with the detach ment of the Royal Sappers and Miners from Sandhurst, is at , present employed opening springs and sinking wells, &c., for the accommodation of the troops about to be encamped at Chobham, near Windsor. A detach ment has also been sent to survey the ground for the camp. Two companies of this corps, with a pontoon train, are expected to join on the troops encamping in the. early part of June next. Some very fine .recruits have arrived from Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Devonport, during the week. The corps is much under its strength at present, and there is a great difficulty in obtaining the class of men required, trade having been so very brisk for some time past. DISTRIBUTION OF PRIZES AT KIWG'S COLLEGE.—On. Saturday, the .annual court of the governors of King's College, London, was held, the Marquis of Cholmondefey in the chair, to receive the report of the council, and to distribute the scholarships and prizes in divinity, botany, and physiology. The report stated that there had been an increase of 99 scholars during the past year, and 100 gentlemen who had taken degrees in - divinity were now preaching the Gospel in various parts of the globe. The loss sustained by the death of the late Duke of Welling ton, who had been 22 years a life-governor, was re ferred to. It was expected that by the end of the year one wing of the new hospital, containing 90 beds, would be completed and opened. The general expenses for the year amounted. to 3,281/. 15s. 6d., and there were liabilities over assets of 14,9471. 10s. 9d. After some remarks from Mr. Pownall (the magistrate), Lord Radstock, and Sir R. H. Inglis, M.P., in the course of which it was stated that 13,000/. expected in the early part of the career of the institution, had been withdrawn on account of political differences, the report was adopted, and the noble chairman, the Earl of Dartmouth, Sir B. Brodie, and Mr. W. Cotton, were elected members of the coun cil, and Mr. Alderman Thompson, M.P., treasurer. At three o'clock the meeting for the distribution of scholarships and prizes was held in the hall of the col lege. The Archbishop of Canterbury presided, and was supported by the Bishops of London, Lincoln, Lichfield, and Nova Scotia, and a numerous company of ladies and gentlemen. Dr. Jelf, the principal, read a report, which showed that during the year 199 students had matriculated in divinity, and 223 in medicine. The prizes were then distributed. -15 ...18 - FLIGI 1 T OF apo A tfou S ltiric l d : ee P a E ysvt ß ea l irt N n3i,f T oos E nur N sidl D ifdar E eto N ni mol T lnd ti., ,h.%.ANDavepa authorities S her Pao:Enr received e o eods ß fo o saf rtuTpPut Super intendent Tun bridge-wells re" L. metropolitanb I r c i d E— e- w O e n l ls S , intendent Morton and Inspector Dadson, of their town police, two officers upon whom the greatest confidence was reposed by the Town Council, on account of their extreme activity in routing out one of the most notorious gangs of thieves that infested the county, and in con nection with the Frimley murderers. Morton and Dad son absconded on Wednesday last, and immediately afterwards circumstances came to light which are of a serious nature against them, and warrants have been forwarded to the metropolis for their apprehension. Morton has been nearly nine years superintendent of the Tunbridge-wells, and prior to that he had been ten years in the P division of the metropolitan police, and was a very active and efficient officer. It is supposed that he is a considerable defaulter, and that more serious charges can be brought against both the runaways. A WHOLE FAMILY EXECUTED IN IRELAND. —Last Friday the extreme penalty of the law was carried into effect at Ennis, against the three Stackpoles, Richard, Honiara, and Bridget, convicted at the last Clare assizes, of the murder of their nephew, under the most atrocious and cold-blooded circumstances , for the sake of a small reversionary property to whichhe was entitled. Under the appearance of hospitality and kindness, they invited him to sleep in their house on Saturday night, that he might prepare himself for divine service the following morning. - Scarcely had the poor fellow gone to Sleep, when he was awoke by a blow on his head from the male prisoner, whom he saw standing over his bed, and who told him it was useless to resist. The three convicts, assisted by another uncle of deceased, named Stackpole, who is dying in jail, and a farm servant who turned approver, but who had very little share in the crime, dragged him out of bed, dashed him down stairs, co l battened his brains out with every wea le o to t d h ylo some ul put their hands on. They then carried . t neighbouring land, where they left !t,wittitthnetnhnvioeocefewacnrinocan. charging the tenants with the , mur d er. made man y persons arrangementsa assembled to t the souls hs w oa i l t i n . sn e g s o s bf b k eteh e ne Pri on s° o n f er leir i The e quite resigned did not seem so reconciled to their fate as t gu ur i n it e , d oQrudeeecin declaration of the brutal . mur der Tdehrewwasombreonii.ght to ie d unceasingto the d i r n o ptbbeyi rtheclergymenspiritualm i . the male convict, who appeared fseesrsivaonntohaf having gir light. disgusting spectacle of the executions. The doomed tiptil weremi nistrations., fa tall accompan ied nnw l t ePecarenes was sa r y drawn, In S i:icfo ta iasntdt e hyr: k ele p t oles were simultaneously hurried into the presence There were not of their Maker. Their death struggles did not last more lETAL TRADES OF SOUTH SirAFT ORD than siln E t E l .n o nß ii o n lNß n mAs u i t N e Do s. liA Ali , April 28. During th e past week there TH has been considerable animation in the principal branches of our manufacture, and there is every reason to look forward to a continuation of brisk trade. Some good orders for the summer have been received since my last letter from America, and still more extens i ve would in all probability h% ainthe have been forwarded, h a d th e re d uc ti on which has taken 14ce priceof metals Theiron trade in throughout is buoyant, additional furnaces are being blown thedist b r e ie e t n known th ere. Th , and the supply does not exceed the demand • nor is it likely large stocks will accu mu l a t e , if h a lf the American and Conti nen t a l ra i lways of which prospectuses have been issued are carried out. Prices are, therefore, firm, and will be maintained throughout the quarter. The metal market has undergone a still further reduction. Tin went down 41. per ton on Friday last, but copper maintains my last quotation of from 118/. to 1201. per : ton. There is a good supply of these two articles in the :, market, and the leading manufacturers of brass and tin goods are in possession of large orders, which they are, •- . now able to execute. Notwithstanding the enormous • quantity of goods 'already sent out to Australia, we Bu'' mingham • , . not discouraged. Hardly a luggage-train leaves J •.. ::::; , • 1 `:1: ..-" mingham without consignments for the gold region . hritiry • The South American tradels a bo ve the a been w reoeived extensive orders for fancy artic les having within the last.nronth.. :. ~ . ~: ....... 3tiCil ; utioa 3atur . Tye ere of lemen of ber Mr. poviu, f t he ) 130 , a 0 $l oter ly V. y o ;tee° .00 s t "' P.. 41