The Sun. — London, England, 1832-12-31 00:00:00

s, All ottr eaterapts have ehown that a relasta.tiou of kilo-- bib ition, falsely termed protection, toads to the augmen tation of mar prosperity, and to the increase of our wealth. We have therefore a right to argue that we may proceed ien the same course. What, Gentlemen, is it that is falsely called protection ?—Let any man scan it. It is, Gentle men, only heaping on that which is already burdened an additional load—it is loading with increased weight those who before were unable to compete with others who were , unburdened. What, then, are the effects that this system has produced in this country ? The effects are to be seen here at home in a manner which cannot fail to be present to every man's mind long ago. Let me ask what protec tion has been given to the great manufacture which gives employment to the hundreds of thousands, nay millions, within the great district which encircles your town,— wh it protection has it bad? I answer,—None whatever. --(Tremendous cheers.) Unaided by any legislative en actment—unassisted by the fostering hand of power—un provided with custom-house books, that great manufac ture has grown from an infant's condition until it has ob tained a giant's streneth.—(Deafening plaudits.) Without the shackles of protection, it enters into the very heart of the vast empire of India, formerly its riv 41; and extends and branches forth the fruits of its industry into the central d-serts of Arnica, where the European foot was never known to enter.—(Tremendous applause.) Let one now mark the course of another manufac ture enshrined by protections of all kinds, like the other manufacture for which the raw material is equally to be brought from a distance. What, in short, was the case with the silk trade ?—was protection wanting there ?—were there no laws which rejected foreign com petition?—were there no penalties on those who attempt ed to introduce it ?—and did all those protections, amounting to absolute and total prohibition, tend to make this branch of industry flourish with activity, or was it found to rival and outstrip the manufactures of foreign countries ? No such thing : not only did it not, but on the contrary, in spite of prohibitory laws, in spite of pe nalties exacted from the smuggler, it was met at every turn by foreign competitors. In this branch, Gentlemen, then, I say, you may read the history of the fallacy of protection.—(Loud cheers.) My system, then, is this— leave to industry a full and a fair field—remove from us your unwise protection—leave us alone—let our industry develop itself,—and if I ever had a doubt, I can have no ;ion Ist now that we shad then have no rival to fear—no eampetitor to dread. Nor do I take so narrow a view of she scheme as that which I have as yet presented to you. There are other important considerations mixed up with this question. By extending and developing our industry at home—by giving to its fullest extension as regards foreign countries (and we can only give it that extension by consenting to receive from them that with which they can pass us)—we extend the ben,fiis of the common bond of unions. Mankind may be knitted together for a time in various countries by acci dental circumstance's, but there can be no common bond of union between nations, but by a bond founded upon feelings of common interest. Make a foreign nation dependent upon you for some of its comforts. Let them, in the prosecution of their industry, by becoming their customers become your friends—give to them the products of your own, and the exchange will be advan tageous to both, and you will raise up mutual feelings of affection and sympathy, which will go further to prevent that, which, in my mind, has been, and is, the greatest nurse that can affect mankind—war.—(Loud elvers.) I have, perhaps, Gentlemen, advanced a step further than those who support me were willing to go, not in the ac knowledgment of principles, but in the avowal of the principles on which we should act. I contend, and have contended, that if we consent to take from foreign countries that which they produce, they must receive from us in payment our production. They may raise up volumes of Custom-house books, surround their territory with coast blockades, fill their seas with cruisers, bet if we are to take any thing from them, they must take from us in re turn. The principles, then, which I have advocated, are to follow up a straightforward and direct course—to re move the unnecessary duties and prohibitions on the pro ductions of other countries, and trust to one of two courses—either a sense of their own folly, to induce them to take a better system of legislature, or that necessity which must, if they wanted to take advantage of us, force them to admit something or other from us in payment. These principles,though followed only for a very short time, have led to the consequences of which I have treated. Let one turn to that country which is our next neighbour, and with whom we are tied by the bonds of sympathy, raised, I believe, by a common feeling for freedom. France also has revised her commercial code, and falsified the taunts by which we were met, that if she were permitted to enter our market by our liberality, she need not be liberal in return. We have not asked this of her as a boon, but we have counselied her to it as a benefit.—(Cheers.) This has been done, not without efforts on our part; but those efforts were made, not in the spirit of d e mand—not in the spirit of a determination to have concessions—not with any threat; but the efforts were made in the shape of amicable discussion on the subject, undertaken with no spirit of nationality on either the one side or the other— (Loud cheers)—in short, like two friends, meeting as such, to look into facts and discuss its bearings. And what, Gentlemen, has been the result of this coulee? Why, that already has France followed our example, by adopting a course of liberal measures. Within the last six weeks she has proposed to her Chambers to remove from her statute book laws which affect her own industry, but which also particularly touch us. She has pronounced, by the mouth of her Minister of Finance, that there shall be an end to prohibition ; and whether from her own conviction that this course is best for her own interests, or from a di sire to meet generally the gifts of England, I know not; but in the first instance she consents to liberalize her system. (Cheers.) Nor is this all, Gentlemen : the professions of men in power may be valueless to-morrow, but the spirit which actuates a people is lasting.—(Loud cheers.) A representation from the people, stating their conviction of the propriety of a different system, has emanated from the very centre of the exclusive system, from Lyons, where the protective sysieen reigned supreme three years ago—from Lyons the voice of the people was issued, say ing " We feel that free trade is indispensable for our in terests—we demand it of you as the right of the people and as conformable to the best interests, wants, and existence of ourselves." And what, Gentlemen, is now the condition of the United States of America, where the system has been carried to its highest pitch ? That country, at this moment, is divided against itself. God forbid that such dissensions should continue for one hour, but their having arisen is a sufficient proof of the fallacy of a system which we are endeavouring to remove from this country. That it will not continue I ferverely hope, but my hope is as firmly e x p ressed that it may be put an end to by yielding to the just demands and wishes of those who uphold a principle so rational, just, and true, as that it is unjust to the interests of man to place burdens on the many for the benefit of a particular few.---(Tremendous cheers.) Gentlemen, nothing would have excused me having trespassed upon your attention at this length but the peculiar circumstances under which we meet, and I must crave your indulgence for a few mo ments longer.—(Cheers.) Gentlemen, ycu have con ferred on me the highest honour which one man can re ceive at the hands of his fellow-countrymen, and that I should accept it gratefully no man could doubt.—(Tre modous applause.) Permit me to say, that in doing se, Day s ee :ing, though one of satisfaction and pride, is mixed up with the thorough conviction that I have the power of showing you, th,:t by my acceptance of it, by the sacrifice I ma ke to enable me to place my bumble services at your disposal, I do set a high vsjue upon it : —(Cheers.) Gep tlemen, you conferred that hon:aur without my seeking, without my soliciting . it. A body of my countrymen to whom I am deeply indebted for their long continued.con firience—to whom I am bound by the nearest ties of friend *l'll), and by habits of long acquaintance—have also con ferred upon me the marked distinction of selecting me for their representative. On the one side, thee, Gentlemen, there were feelings of a private nature which could net fail to e impressed upo n my h eart ; on the other hand, there were feelings of a publi c duty—a desire to take advantage of that additional power which your confidence justly entitles me to , both in the country and in Parliament, induced me to accept your confidence with the most ardent wish to repay it by a devotion which, when the resolution is taken, be assured can be exceeded by none. That sacrifice I have made, and I offer it to you and to the great principles which you advocate. It may seem presumptuous in the to talk of a sacrifice, but my connexion with Dover was of lung standing, and one of affection and confidence— (Hear, hear)—and which I know might have continued for a long period of years.—(Continued cheers.) In bidding the electors of Dover adieu, f Lou: to the power of obtaining from you a voice in the councils a. the na tion, should that power soon come again in to sv the bands of the people. All considerations, however, weighed me as nothing in balance compared with being the free, independent, and unsedicited Member for Manchester ; but I mention them only because I believe you know that I do pay some price for that honour, and you may know, therefore, that I prize it. You have conferred, as I said before, the honour of selecting me your representative in the councils of our country,—you have conferred it on one who has the honour of being in the Government of that country. There are, Gentlemen, circumstances connected with that position, to which I should not act fairly by my self, or justly to you, if I dill not draw your p.ttention to thew. Gentlemen, !have heard a new theory pftouueed P in these times—a theory unsuited to the good times of English history. I have heard it said that it was impossible for a member of the Government to be a good and inde pendent Member for a great and independent constituency. God forbid, Gentlemen, that we should ever see such a principle carried into effect ! I believe that by selecting a member of the Administration —by the people plac ing their confidence on one who has the confidence of the country (for without it be could not be a mem ber of the Administration—(Loud cheers)—l believe that a constituency obtains a greater power of influencing the measures of the Legislature—of controlling the course of Government—of carrying into effect their own views of liberal policy, tha❑ if they selected another.—(Cheers.) I believe, Gentlemen, that to have a representative in such a position, with a desire of preserving the confidence of his constituents, and earnestly wishing to merit a continuance of their esteem, will prevent him from leaving his liberal opinions, and give him power to urge with his colleagues the views which they mean to advocate. But, Gentle men, there is one circumstance connected with this which must also have attention. All Government is, and can hut be a compromise of opinion,—one general principle may and does pervade the whole, but in every Govern ment, or society, composed of more than one man, there must be not only differences of opinion in principle but slight differences of opinion as to time and course. Go to any society you please,—t Ace away three or two indi• viduals out of the thousands in this room, and you will not he able to find them to agree exactly in any one prac tical point. While this is the case, I beg to say, that Government most be a compromise, not of principle, but of shades of opinion. You may then, Gentlemen with your representative a Member of Government, find occasions in which he may be obliged to yield not to principle but to opinion, as to time and mode of proceeding, and it will then be for you to say, whether the influence he can exercise in the councils of his country counterbalances the disadvantage that might arise from his not carrying so zealously as some might de sire his own opinions into action.—(Loud cheers.) That is a consideration which, as practical, sensible men, you must take ; and I state it to you at once, that there may be no charge brought against me. I state it broadly and openly, not so touch as regards myself, but as a general principle of Government, and th it I may claim before• , and your indulgence, and receive your full confidence.— ' (Cheers.) How much I shall need that confidence—how much I shall draw upon your indulgence, I feel but too deeply. You, however, Gentlemen, have elected me to the high station I have the honour to fill, which nothing but my zeal to serve you can justify the course which I have taken.—(Cheers.) You have probably expected more from me than my humble abilities will enable me to perform ; but, Gentlemen, though I may fail to do justice to the opinion which you have formed of me, and though I may not succeed in keeping up that reputation which you have attached to my name, believe me, that I shall fail only from want of ability —my devotion and zeal in your cause shall not be exceeded by any individual. Gen tlemen, this has bsen the proudest day of my life.—(Hear, and cheers.) I hope still to see one yet prouder; that will be the day of returning amongst you after a period of labour, to render an account to you of the manner in which I have discharged the great trust reposed in me, and when, I trust, you will be enabled to meet me here and say, " Well done, thou good and faithful servant." The Right Hon. Gentleman descended from the table, and resumed his seat, amidst the most enthusiastic shouts of applause. Several other appropriate toasts were then drank amidst general applause, and the meeting was eloquently addressed by several gentlemen. About 11 o'clock the Chairman and his distinguished guests left the saloon, when the chair was taken by Ed ward Baxter, Esq., and the festivities continued till near 1 o'clock, at which hour all the company had left the scene of the evening's festivities as well as of rational en tertainment. MANCHESTER, DEC. 9.9. The dinner on Thursday evening continues to be the theme of universal conversation, and that day will long be remembered by the Reformers of this town, as one of a glorious triumph. Mr. Poulttt Thomson, who, since his arrival in town, has repeated his former visits to the great manufactories and warehouses of the town and neighhour hood, has been the guest of J. C. Dyer, Esq. Yesterday the Right Hon. Gentleman was entertained at dinner by Benjamin Heywood, Esq., at his stat, Claremont, in the vicinity of the town, where a most influential party of commercial gentlemen met him. The Right Hon. Gen tleman left Manchester for London this morning. THE ELECTIONS. B UCKIN G HAMSHIRE. The following account of the declaration by the pi 2.11 Sheriff on Monday last of the result of the p4,lling, and of whit took place afterwards, is abridged from Sa turday's Bucks Gazette. The High Sheriff declared the numbers to be— Marquis of Chaudos Mr. Smith Mr. Dashwood Mr. Murray Mr. Murray is 11l below Mr. Dashwood, Mr. Dash woo i is 755 under Mr. Smith, and Mr. Smith is 454 be hind the Marquis. It is worthy of remark that in two out of the four districts, Beaconsfield and Ne.r port Peg nel, Mr. Smith obtained a majority, Tee Marquis of CHANDOS, in addressing the meeting, said—l shall contrive to act on the principles on which I have heretofore stood before the country. I will not be led aside by party feeling, nor will I be swerved by a de sire to obtain popularity, nor will I be put down by the clamour of a mob. I hope that at the close of this Par liament I shall he entitled, by a faithful discharge of my duty, again to stand before the county.—(Cheers.) Mr. JOHN SMITH iid-I am bound to believe that I have received the noble support you have given me, not from any thing connected with myself personally, further than as it respects the attachment I have ever shown to all principles of Reform.—(Cheers.) I have a still Irgher satisfaction than any I can derive from personal feelings, in knowing—for the inference is a fair one—that those prin ciples have spread themselves very widely amongst the freeholders and other electors of this county, and more especially amongst that important class of it in whom, perhaps—at least it has been often said—reside the virtue, the talent, the industry, and the real wealth of the population—l mean the middle class ; and the middle class have returned me.—(Continued cheers.) I am proud, highly proud, to be so returned. I have not the good fortune to boast of the support of a most important, of a most respectable, and, I will say, a highly-valued class of electors—l allude to the clergy of the county of Buck ingham.—(Laughter and cries of " You don't want I them.") But no ma❑ is a better friend to the Church than I am : I was educated in its precepts : like others, per haps, I have not always attended to them; I have, how ever, a real affection and respect fur the simple, honest, and eloquent worship of our Church as we:l as for its prin ciples. There are things in which I shall concur with re• garal to that Church, but I wish for a fairer, a more equal distribution of its emoluments.—(Cheers.) I have seen a man with seven children doing his duty honestly, fairly, and laboriously, in the receipt of only a small income barely suf ficient to live on.—(Cries of " Shame, shame.") Indeed it is shameful to behold, and I can assure you that I shall he glad to support any well-considered measure for ef fecting a more equal distribution of the Church emolu ments. Lot me now revert to that invaluable class of my constituency, the middle class of society. A very elo quent and ingenious foreigner, a man whose principles I will say nothing about, but whose talents are beyond my encomium, in speaking of the British nation has said what is not quite true, but what approaches truth. The English nation, said he, may be compared to a barrel of their own old strong beer. The top is froth—(A laugh)-- the bottom is dregs—(Laughter)—but the middle is su perexcellent.—(Much laughter and cheers.) I do not believe the top is always froth—(Hear) —still lea that the bottom is always dregs—(Hear, hear, and cheers)— but as that comparison was made four score years ago, I have no doubt it was more true then than it is now.— (Cheers.) I ant bound to make one other remark to you ; a sense of justice alone would require it from me. When in the House of Commons, shortly before Parliament was dissolved, the Noble Marquis came to me, sat down by my side, and voluntarily said something to this effect,—" I do not wish any more troublesome elections in the county of Buckingham ; on the contrary, I sincerely desire that the next may be a quiet one, and I give you my honour I 811411 not intLrfere, nor will I do anything to disturb the peace of the county." I have been into all quarters of the county, and, as the result of my observations, I publicly declare that it is my beiief that the Noble Lord has ho nourably, fairly, and strictly kept his word.—(Cheers.) Mr. DibliWOOD observed—A Reform in the Church, the necessity of which is admitted on all sides, and which will come under the immediate consideration of a Re formed Parliament, shall have my warmest support, and I trust by an equitable adjustment of the tithe question we shall find harmony and peace established where dissension and strife have separated those whose tempered interests ought never to have clashed—(Cheers)—that we shall no longer see Membere of that sacred profession engaged in the arena of political conflict—(Continued cheers)—or in rowing from county to county, from bench to bench ; in the discharge of their magisterial duties, postponing their secular to temporal concerns, in a sort of legal itinerancy, ill befitting the character 9f the magistrate, and in my opinion most derogatory to that of the priest—(Cries of " Hear, hear")—that by a more equal distribution of those immense revenues of the Church, the really indus trious and working clergy will be remunerated for their most useful and most invaluable labours ; that there will no longer exist an abject state of poverty on one hand, or the wanton superfluity of riches on the other. The best control in the bands of the people to prevent a lavish and profligate expendi ture of the public money are those two means which I now trust are placed within their reach—publicity and investigation. Those two weapons of Reform, if I may so style them, I trust to see most unsparingly, most un flinchingly applied to that expenditure which dives deep into the pockets of us all under the denomination of county rate.—(" Bravo," and cheers.) That the present Administration is entitled to the support of the people, I most conscientiously believe ; to them may every honest politician tender his support, watching them, however, with the most ceaseli ss vigilance and scrutiny. Three cheers were then given for the High Sheriff. BANBURY, DEC. 2S.—Mr. Tancred, our respected Member of Parliament, first learnt of the recent contest for the south of Warwickshire, in Westminster-hall, at half-past five in the evening of Monday week, the first day of pol ing. He got into the Banbury mail the same evening, arrived at Warwick at seven the next morning, voted at half past eight for Skipwith and Phillips, and was off for London at nine. It will be remembered that Sir George Phillips was returned to Parliament by a ma jority over Shirley of thirteen votes only.— Oxford Herald. SOMER9ET.-The electors of this county, and the dif ferent boroughs in it, have elected Members who are friendly to Reform ;—the county, 4 ; Bath, 2 ; Bridgewater, 2 ; Wells, 2 ; Frome, 1 ; Taunton, 2. Total 13. • AYLESBURY.-Colonel Hanmer, we are sure, knows not that the Reformers will never be content with such a a representative as he is ; and he must be a wealthier indi vidual than he has the reputation of being, if every time there is an election he can aft,rd as large a sum as it was found necessary to expend, and in the most disgraceful way, to secure his first return. Mr. Hobhouse's ex penses were less than 400/. ; Colonel Hanmer, who ob tained only a trifling majority, is said to have involved himself in obligations amounting to 3,000/. Thus, if the gallant Colonel site in the House for six years, his seat will cost him 500/. a-year.—Bucks Gazette. PURITY or ELECTION.-Colonel Williams has been returned for Ashton, without canvassing that town, or even visiting it. The whole of the gallant Colonel's ex p,nses connected with his election amounted to exactly 95., which sum, as may he conjectured, was not spent in bribery and treating, but in journeying from Liverpool to Manchester, by the railway, to see his constituents, and in returning home the same way. To compensate the gallant Colonel for this sacrifice, his constituents, seeing that his hat was not so sound as his principles, and know ing that like Cincinnatus, he cultivated his own land, presented him with a handsome new castor, and a pair of clogs strong enough to trample a score of boroughmongers to the dust. LITERATURE. WACONSTA, 3 VoLs. LONDON, 1833. The scene of this tale is laid chiefly in the Canadas, and the time of action is about the middle of the last century—an epoch in the new world, as well as the old, rife with all the elements of change and revolution. The tale is an interesting one, for it abounds in character and incident, and the scenic descriptions have the ad vantage of being drawn from life, the author having himself, as he informs us, been long familiar with the local peculiarities of every landscape he undertakes to delineate. This in troductory sketch of the north-western settlement of America, is drawn with the minute, geogra phical accuracy of a Guthrie or a Pinkerton, and affords a fair voucher for his fidelity on other matters. 'We like Waconsta the better that it has no sickly sentimentality about it. An air of truth and reality pervades it from the first to the last chapter. ILL USTR AT lONS OF MODERN SCUL,P. TURE. No. 11. LOYDON, 1833. As we noticed this work at some length on its first appearance, we shall content ourselves on the present occasion with saying that it con tains one admirable and highly finished engrav ing of a female in a recumbent position, by Dyer, from the original, in sculpture, by Chantrey. The poetic illustration to this engraving is from the pen of Mr. J. K. Hervey, who is quite at home in all matters connected with the Fine Arts. The two remaining are good, but by no means first-rate. A few days after the apprehension of the Duchess de BERRI, Marshal BOURMONT was fortunate enough to effect his escape from France. After encoun tering many difficulties and dangers, he succeeded in find ing a vessel, which conveyed him to England. The fatigues he endured had so changed his appearance that his intimate friends could scarcely recognise him. The traitor who delivered up the Duchesse to General d'ER,LoN used all his efforts to bring the Marshal to the same house wherein the Princess was concealed, in order that they might both he arrested in the same coup de filet. After having agreed on the price of his treachery towards his mistress, he named a certain sum for the betrayal of the Marsha), to which the General acceded. M. de BOURMONT was at that moment in the house directly opposite to the Hotel of the General, and would have in evitably been taken at the instant, had it not been for the fear that any movement of police or military demonstra tion might alarm the Princess, and impede the measures prepared against her. The order was suspended, and in the interim the Marshal quitted Nantes. M, de BOUR MONT is now in London. Our Correspondent, 0. P. Q., in a tribute to the French army, observes—" Nor must we forget ' the soldiers'—' the mass'—those for whose interests and hap piness this correspondence is continued with the Morning Chronicle; for French soldiers are French citizens—our sons and brethren, and in the ranks of our regiments are confounded the sons of merchants—of shopkeepers—of farmers—of landed proprietors—and of daily labourers. We hare no aristocracy there. The French army is a true Republic—for all the sons of French citizens are bound to serve in our national corps; and whilst the younger members of the family go abroad to defend the rights of France, and secure the liberties of her allies, the elder members of the one great family of Frencl,men re main at hqme, and perform the arduous duties of National Guards." The manner in which our army is raised and officered makes this contrast of our correspondent most hu miliating to us. It is true that our insular situation makes the army a less important object in our ryes than in those of our French neighbours. But if we must lie under " the cold shade of an aristocracy," the shade must not he so broad as it is. If we must have aristocratic officers, we need not have so many of them; we need not have two Generals for every 500 men.-211orning Chronicle. FREEDOM OF ELECTION.—As an elector— elector mind !—went into booth 1, at Mansfield, on the first poll day, he fell into conversation with an acquaint ance who inquired of him who he was going to vote for; he replied " I must see Mr. 11A--K—s, he's talking to a person there !" and the voter actually had an audience with the great " Ruler" before he polled ! ! We pledge ourselves to the troth of this ; our infartna.tion is from a source on which we can safely rely. . . The Journal de la Corse announces the death of the celebrated bandit RICCIAItDI, who during so long a period had spread terror round ZAlana. Pursued by a detachment of Voltigeurs , be fell beneath the swords of two of them who overtook him , after a desperate re sistance. Sir CiiAs. Coo P( attackedt c ke t at says A i a y h b a o t r ough The TE'scarriage il w ig as, on Sa turday, by a mob, who smashed it to atoms, and set the horses running wild through the country. Sir CHARLES himself escaped uninjured. A BITTER SPECULATION. —. Some hops have been sold in this city within thes e few days at 18s. to 20s. per cwt., which a few years ago wer e wort h 12 1 . or 141. per cwt. ; but the owner did not think that price sufficient, and, therefore, kept them in the hope of " better times."... Worcester Journal. BRUSSELS AND DUTCH PAPERS. BaussELs, DEC. 28.—His Majesty will return from Antwerp to-day. The French Princes, accompanied by Generals Flahaut, Marbot, and Baudrand, set out from Paris yesterday. The Prince of Eckmuhl, the Duke of Istria, the Duke of Bassano (the son), and Count Gerard arrived here yesterday. They immediately went to visit the Palace of the Prince of Orange, which is still furnished as when it was inhabited. General Gentil St. Alphonse, commanding the heavy cavalry of the French army, left Grammont the day before yesterday. The two regiments of cuirassiers had left twenty-four hours earlier. The carahineers and dragoons follow at two days' interval. HEAD -QUARTERS, BERCHEM, DEC. 27.—A despatch from the Duke of Dalmatia arrived yesterday, with orders for the Army of the North immediately to return to France, to occupy the same positions as before its entrance into Belgium, and to communicate with the corps in the East of France. The Army of the North will remain or ganized on its present footing, and wait for events. BRUSSELS, DEC. 28.—Apartments are preparing for her Majesty the Queen of the French, her sister-in-law, and her two sons. THE HAGUE, DEC. 2S.—The Staats Courant pub lishes the fo,lowing documents:— DESPATCH FROM GENERAL CHASSE TO THE MINISTER OF WAR. " HE 413 QUARTERS, CITADEL OF ANTWERP, DEC. 24. " To His EXCELLET.CY, &C. " The difficulties which daily increase longer to pre serve with honour the post which is confided to me have compelled me to enter into negotiations with the enemy yesterday. " The fatigues and privations which my troops have undergone for three weeks are not to be described, and have entirely exhausted the strength of the garrison. " To this I must add, that in consequence of the draw ing off of the water from the moat of the citadel, the fresh water in the wells have so sunk that it is with the greatest difficulty that we are able to get as much as was absolutely necessary ; and, to add to the misfortune, our two last wells were ruined last night by the enemy's bombs. " All the places that are bomb-proof are ruined : so that the soldiers, in the midst of the most terrible bombard ment, are so crowded in the posterns, the communications, and the galleries, that they have scarcely a moment's re pose. The bomb-proof hospital, in which are all the wounded and amputated soldiers who are not in a condi tion to he removal, threatens every moment to fall down and bury the unfortunate inmates in its ruins. " In the left glacis of the bastion 2 the enemy has opened a breach of 80 or 100 metres, which has already nearly half filled up the ditch. The descent to the ditch has been eff-cted, and the enemy has only to spring his mine and blow the counterscarp into the ditch to mount to the assault. " For all these reasons, seeing it to be impossible to repel an assault, and that by rashly waiting for it all the glory hitherto gained might be totally lost, I made over tures to Marshal Gerard to grant me a free retreat, and declared myself ready to evacuate the place as he demanded on the 30th of November. " The Marshal having refused, I have, after negotiating the whole day, concluded, in concert with the Council of defence, the capitulation, of which I have the honour to send a copy. " I offered myself and some of my officers as prisoners of war on condition that the remainder of the garrison should be allowed to return to the northern provinces, but all in vain. " Yonr Excellency will see by the additional Article that the flotilla before Antwerp is not included in the ca pitulation. This Article was inserted by the desire of Captain Koopman, of the navy. " In consequence of this arrangement I agreed with him that six of the best gun-boats should go down the Scheldt during the night, and the others be destroyed. It seems that the first plan could not be effected, for I just learn that only one gun-boat sailed, and that eleven others were burnt or sunk by the crews. " This, then, is the unhappiest day of my life. I would have wished to end it by a glorious death, but I was not permitted. " By the first opportunity I will mention to your Ex cellency those who have most distinguished themselves in this unhappy siege, that their names may be laid be fore his Majesty our august Sovereign. (Signed) " Baron CHASSE. " General Commander-in-Chief of the Citadel of Ant werp, of the Forts dependent on it, and of his Majesty's Naval Force on the Scheldt." (Here follows General Chasse's letter to Marshal Ge rard, and the capitulation.) " We, William, &c., "Desiring to give to our General of Infantry, Baron Chasse, on the occasion that having, as Commander-in- Chief of the citadel of Antwerp, been obliged, after a glo rious defence of that fortress against a superior French army, to surrender it, and in his person to all the officers and soldiers of this brave garrison, a provisional but public testimony of our satisfaction and our gratitude for the courage, perseverance, and patriotism which, notwithstand ing the greatest fatigues and privations, they have dis plated during a long and very vigorous siege, and before re ceiving the special reports according to which we intend to acknowledge and to reeosnpense the merit of the officers and soldiers who have distinguished themselves, " Have thought fit to confer, by these presents, on Ge• neral of Infantry Baron Chasse, Commander of our Military Order of William, the insignia of Knight Grand Cross of the same Order. (Signed) " By his Majesty, WILLIAM. (Signed) "J. G. DE MEY DE STREEFKERK. " The Hague, Dec. 25, 1832." The Minister of War. in his answer toGeneral Chasse, says in substance that the King does not accept the capitulation as it has been concluded; that the defence of the citadel had perfectly answered his Majesty's expectations ; that, to testify his satisfaction both to the Commander and the garrison, his Majesty had nominated General Chasse Knight Grand Cross of the Order of William ; and that the insignia sent to the General are those worn by the King himself, who had just taken them off in the Mini ster's presence, and which his Majesty had lately worn on a sol,mn occasion. The Minister announces also that the King approves the nomination previsionally rustle by the General of Knight of the 4th Class of that Order. He concludes by saying that he has sent one of his Aides-de- Camp to confer at the advanced posts of Groot Zundent with the French Parliamentaires, and he assures him that tal)in t owes e if the latt e r a r e com mis s i one d t o d eman d th e e v a cuation of forts Lill o an d Li e fk ens h oe k, t h e d eman d w ill no t by an y means be complied with. —Journal du Commerce cr Anvers, Dec. 29. 27th, which announces the order sent by Marshal Sault The Courtier Beige has a letter che from Treaty for e n r e rcl m t concluded E the return n for the immediate return of the French army to France, l a w s I, a tdhfor satisfaction ti. t he faithful ti v ,f e ul rr huwehireyh execution tl thingle Frenchi preparingof the army as soon as the answ er f rom t h e H ague shall b e !mown. The hospitals of Matinee an d A ntwerp w ill b e evacuated ; only that of Louvain will keep th e F renc h sick now in it. ° f oz. h athe The same letter, speaking of the refusal of King William, says : " Yestetday evening, at half-past nine o'clock, M. do Tallenay, Secretary to the French Legation, M. de Palsy, Aide-de-Camp to the Marshal, and the Aide-de-Camp of General Chasse, arrived from their mission. lam officially informed of the result, which is as follows: " The Cabinet of the Hague has not answered the letter of those Gentlemen, asking permission to pass the fron tier; they are obliged to remain on this side, and sent General Chasse's Aide-de-Camp to the Hague, desiring him to require the answer of the Government in the shortest time possible. " Yesterday, at half-past three o'clock in the afternoon, an Aide-de-Camp of the Minister of War at the Hague arriv:•d with General Chase's Aide-de-Camp. He answered verbally to Messrs. Tallenay and Passy, Your Government demands the evacuation of Forts Lillo and Lief kenshoek ; the _King of the Netherlands never will consent to it.' " No further explanation took place; the Gentlemen merely bowed to each other." TILE HAGUE, DEc. 26.—A despatch from Major- General Wildman, Governor of the fortress of Breda, brought yesterday morning by express to his Excellency the Minister of War, announcing that Lieutenant Hep• Legation and a , ' officer, h a d come to the tusens, Aide-de-Cimp of General de Favange, of the gar riesconreotay f r th o e f citadcl of Antwerp, acco mpan i e d b y a French Secretary out posts at Groot Yundert, and that directions were asked respecting the admission of the tw o l atter i nto our terri tory, immediately caused it to be conjectured that im portant communications from the Governor of th e citadel might be expected. At one o'clock Lieutenant Heptusens arrived here, with Lieutenant Van Eude, Aide.de- Camp of General Wildinan, and, on delivering the letters from his Excellency Baron Chasse, added verbally, that the worthy Governor, with great reluctance, but compelled by circumstances, had been obliged to conclude an honourable capitulation for the evacuation of the c it a d e l. [Here follows the Gene ral ' s letter to the Minist e r of War, and his note to Marshal Gera r d ; the capitulat i on ; the Order of Willi am; ga d t h e l etter t t 1 11 1 e e Royal d O c r r d o i e n s a n o c f e giving to the G enera l toe i ns i gna of of the Minister of War to the General. The Jouinal de la Hayc observes that the phrase in the Minister's letter, " the King does not accept the capitulation as it has been concluded," should be translated, " does not accede to the capitulation as such."] The Staats General gives also the very detailed reports of General Chasse from the 16th to 22d of December. The Staats Courant of Friday gives the preceding jour nal of General Chasse from the 3d to the 15th of Dec. THE HAGUE, DEC. 15.—An account from Harlingen, dated the 25th inst., received here, says that news had been received there from Terschelling that on the after• noon of the 24th a ship of war, with fitteen nort-holes on the side, but showing no colours, had run aground on the Noord Vaarders off that island ; and that another simi lar man of war was stranded in the Bennengrunden. Three sloops had sailed on the 25th from Harlingen to the spot. THE HAGUE, DEC. 28.—8 y accounts from Bergen op-Zoom, and from his Majesty's fleet in the Scheldt, it appears that all our countrymen who were wounded in the defence of the citadel of Antwerp had already arrived in that fortress, and were treated with the most humane care in the military hospital at Antwerp, under the pro tection of the French. Of the forty four wounded who suffered amputation in the citadel, or whose wounds made it impossible to remove them further, thirty-one were still living on the 2Gth. They were conveyed on litters by French soldiers on the 25th to one of the military hospi tals at Antwerp, where they receive the best treatment, under the superintendence of the Dutch medical officers, who are no more considered by the French Marshal as prisoners of war than the wounded. Numerous and affecting proofs of esteem have been given by the French of all ranks to the brave defenders of the citadel. Before the firing had wholly ceased four soldiers ven tured to show themselves in the batteries, and called, " Don't fire, don't fire, brave Dutchmen ; it is all over." A little later a French officer upon one of the batteries called out to one of our soldiers who was on the parapet, " Sir, Sir, Captain or Lieutenant is all the same, close and let me embrace you, brave comrade ;" to which our countrymen replied, " Why so ?" " Because, said the Frenchman, " you are such brave men." " Why then come to attack us ?" to which the Frenchman replied, with many asseverations, " That be and his commanders regretted enough having to fight with the Dutch, espe cially," as they said, " because the Belgian Jesuits alone would derive any advantage from it." The French speak with great contempt of the Belgians, and vie with each other in expressions of their scorn of the meanness of the heroes of the steeples of Antwerp, from which they ventured to watch the proceedings in the citadel, and return with cowardice and treachery our ge nerosity in sparing the city, making signals to the be siegers to point out to them when we were employed in repairing the damage done by their fire. The consequence was that the fire against those points was continued with increased violence, so that our workmen were often obliged to suspend their work. The Belgians have concluded the melancholy part which they played while the French army was fighting for them by a trait which would even add to their disgrace if the measure had not long since been full. The populace of Antwerp, so generously spared by Chasse, whom Leopold himself had already consented to sacrifice—the inhabitants of Antwerp, Belgians, who have not seen one of their countrymen fall under our attacks— those cowards ill-treated the crew of a gun-beat which fell into their hands. "TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE GENERAL OF INFANTRY, RA:LON CHASSE, COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE CI TADEL OF ANTWERP. " THE HAGUE, DEC. 26. " Yesterday morning I received your Excellency's letter of the 24th inst., No. 1,784, containing intimation of the negotiation into which you had entered with the enemy, and of the reasons which induced you to adopt that course ; as also, among other annexed documents, a transcript of the capitulation concluded by your Excellency with the French Marshal, Gerard. " I submitted without delay the important documents to his Majesty the King, and, in consequence, I am com manded by his Majesty to make the following communica tion to your Excellency:— " The King does not concur in the capitulation as such. Nevertheless, his Majesty has now again assigned to me the agreeable task of repeating to your Excellency on this occasion the solemn assurance, that the conduct of your Excellency and of the brave garrison of the citadel of Antwerp, during the whole defence of that fortress, far from leaving any thing to be desired by the King, has won the unqualified satisfaction of his Majesty; that this defence has entirely fulfilled his Majesty's just expects• tions ; that during the whole period of the siege, his Majesty never ceased to contemplate with the most lively sympathy, the fate of the brave men who were shedding their blood for the country ; and also that he has with emotion learned from your last report, how great have been the privations and efforts patiently submitted to by the gallant garrison. " - Wishing at once to give a proof of his Majesty's ap probation, as well to your Excellency personally as through your person to the whole garrison of the citadel, our venerated King has been pleased to appoint you, Mynheer General, a Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of William. This appointment is made by the de cree No. 63 of yesterday's date, a copy of which I have the pleasure of transmitting to you enclosed. " The value of this high distinction must doubtless be greatly augmented to your Excellency liy the circutrirance which I now have the honour to make kieown to you.— namely, that his Majesty, in my pre•ence, took from his person his own decoration of this Order, and delivered it to me, with the riband and jewel worn by him on the last solemn occasion, in order that these insignia might be presented to your Excellency in the name of his Majesty at the same time that you receive this letter. " I have besides the satisfaction to inform your Excel lency, that his Majesty has been pleased to give his itn mediate sanction to all the provisional appointments made by your Excellency of Knights of the 4th Class of the said Order, as mentioned in your despatch of the 16th inst., No. 1,776 Lis; and that his Majesty will here after decide respecting the other recommendations con tained in that letter ; moreover his Majesty will receive with pleasure such propositions for farther rewards as circumstances may require your Excellency to make. " I have farther to observe, that it will be particularly gratifying to his Majesty if your Excellency can succeed in causing the wounded to be conveyed thither. "To conclude, I have the honour to inform your Ex cellency, that I have this moment sent my Adjutant, Captain Verhorst, to the advanced posts at Groot Zundert, in order to confer rt ith the French officer and the Secre tary of Legation, who accompanied Lieutenant-Adjtvaot they are directed to make. In t H h e e i p hil ro S p li o lS si t t Cl io t n h s a a t r p e l w ac h e ic i h n order to learn from them what the mean time I can previously assure your Excellency that if th-ir propositions relate to nothing else than to the evacuation of the forts of Lillo and Lielkenshoek, they will by no means be acceded to. " Your Excellency will be pleased on this important occasion to accept my sincere good wishes. " DE EERENS, " Director-General of the War Department." AMSTERDAM, DEC. 28.—The Batavian journals to the 28th of August bring intelligence that our troops have made themselves masters of the whole country of the Padries of Lintore, on the west coast of Sumatra, and re covered all the pieces of cannon that we lost in former years. Several Dutch ships that were under embargo have al- AMSTERDAM, DEC. 28. read A y c a tu rr a i l v ul e ) d eubr i lt %Oi e p ur o sc r e t pn s . ts. 40% to 41% Amort Syndic, 4% per cent 67%, t o 6814 Ditto, ditto, 3!4 per cent. Voluntary kan, 1831, 6 per cent 96!i to 98% Ditto, 1832, 5 per Cent. Exchange on London, one month l2 05 to 12 0714 Ditto, two months —Dutch rapers, Dec. 29. HAMBURG PAPERS. ST. PETEASBURGII, Dec. 12.—8 y an ukase of the 20th of November, it is ordered that the levy of recruits in the territory of the Cossacks of Little Russia for 1833 shall be countermanded, and shall not take place till the year 1834. By an ukase of the sth all marriages between persons of the Greek religion, and another Church, which have been celebrated only by a Catholic priest, are to be considered as invalid till the ceremony has been likewise performed by a Russian priest. An Imperial ukase of the 4th orders that temporary commissions shall be form d in the Biltie provinces for the purpose of regulating the situa tion of the peasants. CHRISTIANIA, DEC. 14.—Nobody recollects a time when so much business was done at this season of the year in the port and the Custom-house as new. An amazing quantity of goods of all kinds is imported, and this would doubtless have a very bad effect on our course of exchange were it not for the silver mine of Kongsberg, which is extremely productive. The produce in this year, to the end of the 9th month, was 8,618 marks in pure silver ; on the 10th, 1,849 ; the 11th, 2,228 ; on the 12th, 2,726 (in the third week, 906, and in the fourth, 1,001) ; but last week, being the first of the 12th month, it was 2,059 marks for the Armengrube alone. Thus, the amount for this year alone will be above 130,000 species in silver. If the works can be carried on for 55,000 species, including the taxes on it as private property, the lowest amount, of 75,000 species, paid by the last Storthing as I the price, would be paid in one year if as productive al the present. HAMBURG, DEC. 25.—BORSEN HALLE, HALF. AST Two O'CLOCK.—Tbe stocks were firm to-day:— End of Dec. Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per cent. 66X Anglo-Russian Loan Hamburg ditto B6 Russian Inscription, 5 . 86 Lnscription, 5 per cent Polish Bonds ll3 Prussian Bonds, 1832 Austrian Bank Shares 1111 Austrian Metalliques New Austrian 4 per cent. Spanish 3 per cent. EXCHANGES ON LONDON. ST. PETERSBURGII, DEC. 15.—Three months, 10 11-3 i). LEIPSIC, DEC. 15.—Three months, 6 1914, CIIRISTIANIA, DEC. 15.—Three months, 6 44. • BREMEN, DEC. 21.—Two months, 61616 615. BERLIN, Dec. 22.—Three months, 6 281.1. FRENCH PAPERS. (From the Messager des Chambres, Dec. 29.) PARIS, DEC. 28.—The journey of th e Ki og t o Lille is positively fixed for the 4th of January. Count Pozzo di Borgo will set out for London to' morrow. France will learn with grief and indignation the arbi• trary act which has been exercised against the President and Ministers of the Polish National Committee. In the' midst of its patriotic labours for the future welfare of Poland, the Committee had published a Proclamation t° the Russian people. This document, which recapitulate the most solemn promises made to the Russians by the Eat' perors Alexander and Nicholas, has been circulated 15 thousands of copies in the Russian empire and all Poland. The Cabinet of St. Petersburgh sent complaints on thin subject, and to please it our Government has consented to send away from the capital the members of the National Committee who signed the Proclamation, viz. Messrs. Joachim Lelewel, Leonard Chopzko, Anthony Przel citzewski, Anthony Haszniewiez, Erasmus Rykaeztvelti , Joseph Zalewski, and the Treasurer of the Committee, Ch. Ed. Wotizinski.—Coserrier Francais. It is said that this measure against the Poles was not adopted till after a long conference between Count Poet° di Borgo and M. de Broglie. The former is reported to, have said to the latter, " The expulsion, or my passport.' This language is perhaps rather laconic for a Diplomatist , but, if these are not the words, it is at least affirme d that this was the sense of them. The demand of Russia was known in England, a rid it was announced some days ago in London that measur e. of rigour would he employed against the Poles in Pas.. These melancholy forebodings have been too fully r ealisea i l Sir Stratford Canning is gone to Madrid, wh er e be quit next week. He had numerous conferences with the Ministry and Diplomatic Body; yet it does not seem that the Cabinet of the Tuileries has thought fit to take a de cisive active part in the affairs of the Peninsula. It see° that this question will be entirely left to England. Various changes in the diplomatic body are announced , Marshal Maison is appointed Ambassador to St. Peters.' burgh ; Count de St. Aulaire is to go from Rome to Vl enna ; Count de Latour Maubourg to Rome ;M. Durand de Mareuil to succeed Count Latour Maubourg at Naples' ill. C. Bresson, Minister Plenipotentiary at Munich, 0 succeed M. de Mareuil at Berlin. (From the National of Friday.) PARIS, DEC. 27. The Court of Austria has just addressed a circular to the Members of the German Confederation. In this ca rious document Austria speaks of the Reforms which it is‘ indispensable to introduce into divers Constitutions of the States of Germany, and the necessity of forming the COw , tingents of the Confederation. It announces at the same time that the most perfect harmony subsists between the three Northern Courts. The whole of the letters put us to mind of the Circulars and Manifestoes which preceded the first coalition in 1792. M. Pozzo di Borgo sets out for London on SaturdeP where he is to confer with the English Ministry on the drain of Turkey, and on the intervention which the Port e solicits in its contest with the Pacha of Egypt. The Court. of London and St. Petersburgh are actively engaged Wit h this question, which they consider as of great importanc es , Hitherto the English Ministers have declined all arme d interference ; but now Count Pozzo will announce te, them that his master, the Emperor Nicholas, has resolve to march to Constantinople in case the Pacha of EgYit should threaten the existence of the Ottoman empire. It appears that the Court of Vienna acts in concert with that of St. Petersburgh. The Powers have expressed, through their Ambassador / at Paris, a desire that the Duchess of Berry may be set a t liberty immediately after the closing of the present Session of the Chambers. Count d'Appony is at this momen t earnestly pressing the Ministry on this subject. Last Sunday there was a grand conference on this affair with the Minister of the Interior. The Temps says the Government seems to hffe re- • nounced the intention of presenting to the Charni er4 a law relative to the Duchess of Berry. It is said that owing to the solicitations of our Ambassador, things will remain as they are, but that immediately after the Session the Duchess will be set at liberty, and sent either to Naples or Vienna. We see clearly by this determinatioo, that the Ministry can refus e n o thing to the demands 0 ' diplomacy, but it will not perhaps find it easy to provei that it has not violated its duty by susp-nding the leggy , course of justice. Let us bear no more of the Charter on all difficult occasions the Ministry has not hesitated to violate it. (From the Temps of Saturday.) M. de L'Aigle, an Aide•de-Camp of Marshal Gerard' arrived this morning in Paris. He had le .t Antwerp 0 , 0 . the 26th, to bring to Paris the colours of the 10th D utc h regiment, taken in the citadel. On his departure the Mar i ,hal bed not yet received an answer from the ping ° Holland. The Augsburg Gazette of the 25th instant has the following of the 20th, from Vienna :—" The Eu 3 Pe r° ,.„ r ; accompanied by the Empress, set out on the lEith"„. Presburg, to open the Hungarian Diet in person. Tu t e %; Majesties are expected back to the capital on the 22° ' The same Paper contains a letter of the 11th instan s t h from Stockholm, stating that a Royal rescript of the 5 r ordains the Convocation of the States in the course 0' next spring, chiefly with a view to deliberate on measure calculated to introduce more order into the currency sY b ' tem, and to set bounds to the discredit of bank notes. The affair of the conspiracy of Barons Vegesack an d Dubrn is compared to the late attempt upon King Louis Philip. As no real charge can be made out, nothing novr is heard on the subject. Marshal Gerard has sent to Paris the large Dutch flag which, during new the siege, diplomatic wavedove over t a h r e ran citadel gem eonfts ar A nsve a t er:: following The flounced :—Marshal Maison is appointed to the Embassy at St. PetersburA ; the Count de Saint Aulaire removes from Rome to Vienna, and is replaced by the Count de Litour Maubourg, from Naples, who will be succeeded by AI. Durand de Mareuil, from Berlin, to which Embassy M. Charles de Bresson, at present Minister Plenipotentiary at Munich, will pass. BELGIUM AND HOLLAND. The following letter has been addressed by Marebi Gerard to the Minister of War : " Head-quarters at Berchem, Dec. 24 ' " Sir,—l have the honour to inform you that the g a " - rison of the citadel have this d a y marched out of the 11.0 tress and filed off before the greater part of the besiegl troops drawn up in battle array. Af te r having file d °. they laid dowp their arms upon the glacis, and irc llll , diately returned to the citadel, where they will rem, o compliance with the wish of General Chasse, until the .. resolution to be formed by the Dutch Government , rely ,_ tive to the evacuation of Forts Lillo and Lief krnshoeb. .hall have decided whether the garrison are to reola tn i prisoners of war or not. I have secured the possessk in t tr the citadel, by causing all the posts to be occupied hY, c 'i troops. I have inspected the interior of the eit s .:, It is impossible for me to describe the ru inous stat e 1. " which 1 found it. All its buildings are entirely ale stroyed, and the remains are marked by our oh° 61 .. .nd balls. This devastation reflects great ho_ low a upon General Chasse and the garrison who re s ' ,s , our attack. I have expressed to the commandant 0,„ tl3 citadel the esteem which so brave a defence cannot fail t : excite in every military man. A report addressed to In to day by General Achard, announces the capture of gun-boat mooed by 27 sailors, an ensign, an d a lie ° , nant, at the moment when it w as a tt em pti n g to O ca ,,P, from the citadel. Accordi ng to other information. ti.'" correctness of which is still without positive proof, tue , gun-boats which are not i nc l u d e d i n th e ca pitulation, / 15q. " all been destroyed or sunk. I expect some positive r e ' ports on the subject, which I s h a ll su b m i t to you as Wrl as I receive them.—Accept, &c. " Count GERAR )." CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES.—SITTING or DE,: 29 t The Chamber was occupi e d this day in the appoi it ol3 o of a deputation to compliment the King, in its na ne, New Year's Day, after which the Committee to s' had been referred presented its report on the propos d of M. Salverte, to continue in the next Ses-ion the ceedings on Bills introduced during the present, WI! le d may not have been passed. The Chamber then receive, the reports on a variety of petitions, but none of tb9°` read desp feren city, Web the 6 1 ti LUC T 1 hour tiered tunic to-d a a pc and t t ore c !Ile tl kup 'tit° t he b tt l anti does 111, 1 ; IL If the he tat , As g uar, °„rnal, Th