The Sun. — London, England, 1832-09-22 00:00:00

In hastily concluding our article, yesterday, on the subject of currency and banking, we perceive (flint our expression implies that there has not been any contraction of the currency. We should have said relatively there was no contraction — our meaning being that, in proportion to the means of profitable application, • currency or money is more abundant than ever. The coin-. petition among money-dealers was never greater than at present ; and the rule of aotion among : them is, not how high a rate of interest shall be: exackd, but how low a rate sfiall be offered to; ,;btain a good security. Money is not scarce ; if ! it was, the rate of interest would be high-5 or 6 per cent., instead of 21- or 3. We therefore( repeat again, that it is not a contraction of the( currency which obstructs consumption, and thereby renders all production unprofitable, 1)11 it is the destruction of all credit and confidence( in the operations of production and exchange o commodities. The superstructure's of credit and confidence were razed to their foundations by the, fatal operations of 1816, while currency was in thl zenith of its profusion, and the foundations them, selves were rendered so completely friable, by thq diversion, in 1817-18, of more than 40,000,000/, of means from the legitimate purpose of pro; muting the mutual and beneficial exchange of commodities, to indulge the avaricious propen-. cities of arbitrary and profligate Governments, as to have hitherto baffled all attempts at restora l lion. We showed, on Wednesday last, that ill 1816, near 30,000,0001. excess of export wat equalized in account by insolvency and defalca l tion. The effect of this was not confined tq the external transactions of the country, but it tended to lower the money price of all commo dities for internal as well as for external con l sumption, and materially to reduce the rate of remuneration for labour. The immediate con sequences of the defalcation, however, were greatly counteracted by the high price of grain in the ensuing year, and increase of value given to the large stock on hand, consequent on the exceedingly unfavourable harvest of 1816. These circumstances, in conjunction with the great money transactions of 1817-18, which we have before detailed, served to conceal the effects that were to follow ; but in 1819, when the ini 7 portation of grain became greatly diminished, and a less amount of bills on account of loans were put into circulation, a large portion of the exports of that year, like those of 1816, were left to be equalised by insolvency and de falcation ; and here it is, that the fallacy of ail the Parliamentary inquiries relating to commerce, currency, and banking rest. — All the Committees of Parliament that have ever been instituted for inquiry into these sub jects, as well as all whom they have called be fore them, have persisted in assuming that an excess of export is a national advantage, because it must bring gold into the country. Fatal de lusion ! Even if it were so, it would be fraught, for reasons which we have previously shown, with ruinous tendencies to the exporters ; but the excesses have not been equalised in such way', but by continued defalcations, year by year, forcing down the money price of the exports to the level of whatever amount the imports would produce. Hence it has been that year after year prices have declined, and the rate of wages progressively reduced, whereby engagements have been precluded from being fulfilled, and credit and confidence, Year by year, more and name weakened, and the currency, as a conse quence, more and more contracted or narrowed in its functions ; and here again we must repeat, that the contraction followed as an effect of the disproportion of the value of the imports as coni. parql with the exports, and that it was not the rause of the disproportion.—Morning Herald. We have learnt with regret, not unmixed with ' astonishment and indignation, that his Dutch Majesty has refused to treat on the reasona- Me modifications of the treaty of November 15, which we mentioned yesterday, and which were lately transmitted to the Hague by the President of the Conference on the part of Belgium. His Majesty's answer is at once insulting and eva sive—insulting to the Conference, and evasive of the question at issue—declining to make new proposition of his own, and taking no no tice of the propositions made on the other side. Tids extraordinary answer was yesterday deli vered to the Conference, specially convened to deliberate upon its nature and contents. Of course, it cannot lie imagined that any final de cision was adopted on so momentous a subject in the absence of the chief English Ministers. The Conference is to meet again to-day, but every reasonable man must now see that all hope of bringing his Dutch Majesty to his senses by protocols and peaceful representations must be abandoned. He is evidently determined to come to no arrangement without being compelled by superior force. He is evidently resolved to employ every subterfuge—to prac tice every stratagem, to gain time; His mind seems made up to take advantage of the chapter of accidents, and rather to hazard the chances of a war, to recover the whole of his former dominions, than to agree to terms of accommodation, by which he may enjoy a part of them in security and peace. The Conference ; svh;sli has been so grossly insulted, cannot surely perm 4 this perfidious game to be pursued any farther. It is evidently the interest of Austria and Prussia that Belgic affairs should be set tled ; and it is no less the interest than the duty of l'rance and England to become the instru ments of such a salutary work. His Dutch Ma jesty can place his only reliance on the infamous Government of Ittisia ; which, desirous of em broiling Western Europe, that it may perpetrate unmolested all its intended barbarities in Poland, has no doubt encouraged his Dutch Majesty in his present dangerous course. The. Conference can no longer trifle with the peace. of Europe and the rights of Belgium. If they have appoint ed themselves umpires, they must enforce their . award. After inducing the new King of 13elgium descend from the lofty position which he occu pied cin a treaty ratified by all their .Courts, and become the public law of Europe--after leading him to believe that the reserved points of dif ference between him and his neighbour might be arranged by mutual concessions—after thus ex tracting from him some reasonable propoLls of modifications in the treaty—after making him thus break through the assurance which he had given his Chambers, that he would never nego eiate with an enemy in his territory, they have exposed his Belgic Majesty to the dangerous chances of unpopularity, without securing any of the advantages of peace. He is now, per haps, without a Cabinet—exposed to the attacks of the press, to the remonstrances of the Legis lature, and even to the suspicions of the more charitable and loyal portion of his subjects. His allies are bound to replace him in the situation which he would have occupied had he not trusted to their assurances of that. definitive arrangement, which, if obtained, would have constituted his best apology tor appearing to have deserted his pledges.— Times. In Ireland, some few years back, it was deemed almost as unpardonable an offence in any candidate' to , Soliathe voids of the tenantry of another landlord, as for the creditor of a 'Squire to solicit payment of a debt ; and chal lenges have even been given for no other ground of offence than supposing a freeholder meant a free man, and not the slave of his landlord. We had imagined that these absolute notions were unknown in England. We find, however, that an English Tory landlord can be as insulting a tyrant as an Irish landlord. We have an instance of it in the report of the Reform Festival at Grimsby, on the 14th September, in Drakard's Stamford News of the 21st September. Sir William Ingilby, after characterising the con duct of several, landlords of Lincolnshire with reference to the expected election, observed— ' Gentlemen, I believe that another Noble Lord, con • nected largely with this division of the county, has gone a step beyond those three Noblemen (i. e. Willoughby, Scarborough, and Yarborough), whom I have already in troduced to your notice. He not only takes a part—an active part here—but I believe he has even given his or ders in writing that we shall not canvass his tenantry. This shows the opinions of Earl Brownlow—(Shame, shame),—when gentlemen are told upon a canvass that they are not to venture even to ask the freeholders for their votes.--(Shame, shame.) To what a pitch of de gradation must freeholders be reduced when they are told that they must not be canvassed for their votes.—(Tre mendous cheering.) It is, indeed, something more than monstrous that a man dare write so gross a libel upon the liberties of the people—(Continued cheers) !—I have not seen the communication, but it is a matter of public notoriety; it has got wind throughout the county; and whilst I have been so actively moving about, it isnot likely that I should long remain ignorant of it." The Honourable C. A. Pelham put an end to all doubt with respect to the conduct of Lord Brownlow. " I wish (he said) to make a few observations nn what has just fallen from the Hon. Baronet, in connection with something which it has hten reported he stated at Louth respecting the conduct of Lord Brownlow. He stated, as I understand, that if I had asked leave to canvas his Lord ship's tenants, I deserved the answer which I received. Now lam free to admit that I did ask his Lordship's leave (by addressing him the usual circular) to canvass his tenants, conceiving that his Lordship would not inter- fere. I felt certain he would refuse his saction, but rather than his tenants should suffer, I deemed it prudent to write to his Lordship. I have since called upon his Lordship's tenants to know whether 1,1 ey were at liberty to promise me, for I told them I dare not solicit them ,vithout his Lordship's sanction, and from the informa tion I received, I believe hardly one of his tenants will vote at all. " Sir W. Ingilby—After what has been stated, I shall take the liberty of putting one question to my Hon. Col league. I will ask him whether he was refused by the Noble Lord (Brownlow) to canvass his tenantry? '• Mr. Pelham—l have no hesitation in answering the questirm. Lord Brownlow's answer to my letter was this, as near as I can recollect—that his tenants were to give plumpers to Sir Rob, rt Sheffield ; therefore be could not allow any other candidate to solicit their votes, and that consequently he could not sanction my wish to can vass them." This is - really carrying matters with a high hand. " Could not allow any other candidate to solicit the votes of his tenants !! !" Poor contemptible creature. To think that some twelve stone of animated matter can be so puffed up ! Why, you poor pitiful Aristocrat, you are far more dependent on these tenants than they ire on you. Of what value would your acres be to you without the industry bestowed on them by these tnen ? Were social order disturbed for a moment, you might find yourself, with all your acres, like many of the French Nobility, without the means of commanding a morsel of bread.— It is impossible to drive it into the heads of these poor silly animals, that in society all men are dependent on each other—that the employer is as dependent on the employed, the landlord on the tenant, as the employed and the tenant are on the employer and landlord. Why will these men outrage in this wanton manner the feelings of the people ? Does Lord Brown. low imagine that he is independent of the good opinion of his fellow-subjects ?—that he can afford to be pointed at by the finger of scorn as a man who by his conduct is unworthy to enjoy the benefits of the free Constitution which he is so little able to appre ciate ? The meanest scavenger that sweeps the streets, and eats the coarse bread of industry, is a more respectable person than such a Lord. Pshal,v, it is enough to make the very name of Lord stink in one's nostrils. The conduct of rural Bashaws of this description has, however, wrought wonders in making converts of the country gentlemen of liberal principles to the necessity of the ballot. Almost all the speakers at this meeting were in favour of it. Captain Pelham, indeed, expressed himself against it, though he observed-- " If we find that the efforts of Lnrd Grey will not be Wended by those results which we have all anticipated, ind which we still hope to witness—if we find that we , lannot shame or deter some people from using that undue And improper influence which all of us deplore—why then we must employ some expedient whereby the people shall be protected, and whereby that undue and improper influ ,nee shall lie fully and effectually counteracted.—(Loud cheers. j'' Sir Wm. Ingilby, who followed him, however, speaks strongly on the subject " The longer I live," said he, " and the more experi ence I have of the nature and frailty of the human mind, I cannot shut my eyes to the fact, that if you intend the people to be free, they cannot he so without the Ballot.— (('ontinued cheers.) The experience of the last two or three months has convinced me of the necessity—of the tbsdute necessity, of some such a measure. My Hon. Colleague stares that he abhors the Ballot, and yet he al the necessi y of sonic provision whereby the voter may be protected in the disposal of his franchise. What other measure he would propose I cannot imagine; but I will ask you, when a man tenders roe all he can give rue—his good will and his best wishes—and with the sum , breath iofor M 4 the that he is tied down by a tyran ideal landlord—l ask you, with the greatest possible con fidence, how that man can vote according to the dictates of his conscience, unless be is protect d by the Ballot ? (Loud cheering ) Gentlemen, I now see no cause for hesitating any longer in the course to be pursued, what ever I may have done before—the light has shone through me so radically on the subject—(Loud laughter)—of liberty, that I would have the peasant whose freehold is ;tilted at 405., as free and independent as my Lord Brownlow, with his 40,000/. a yen.. --(Continued cheers.) Gentlemen, I am happy to observe that these principles are spreading rapidly amongst you, and be assured the time is fast approaching when the people of England shall no longer labour under the dictation of a proud and imperious aristo cracy, or of a domineering and meddling Priesthood.— ( Tremendous cheers.)" This is the language that goes to the hearts of the tenantry. The landlords may rest assured chat the Ballot alone is capable of protecting them from the consequences of their own folly. Nothing is so dangerous as to make experiments on the extent of human patience. So long as the landlords are left under the delusion that they can command their tenantry, they will be tempted to abuse their power, and this in turn will lead to a fearful retaliation. If it be wished to pre serve the peace of the country—if it be wished that in England every man's hand should not be raised against his neighbour, the ballot must be resorted to. We agree with Captain Pel ham, that other means than the ballot can be resorted to. We could easily point out means of unquestionable efficacy. But we are the lovers of peace, and do not wish to encourage what would destroy it, The Ballot is the easiest death of Aristocratic tyranny. Mr. Tennyson, in like manner, advocated the Ballot : "Exercise (he said) your franchise freely—listen to no man's threats, to no man's entreaties—listen only to the dictates of your own consciences. Thus, and thus alone, can you discharge the trust reposed in you ; thus alone can you fulfil your duty to the country.—(Loud cheers.) If every elector will do this, we shall speedily see whether or not every abuse will be removed by the energy of a Re formed Parliament. You will prove your independence. But with all deference to those Gentlemen who have ex pressed a contrary opinion—and I was one of those who formerly deprecated the vote by Ballot—my mind has at length opened to the conviction that the only protection for the honest but poor or dependent voter is the Ballot. —(lmmense cheering.) When I see the manner in which a system of intimidation operates throughout this county and elsewhere, I have come definitively to this conclusion—that nothing but the Ballot can efficiently protect us.—(Continued cheers.) My Hon. Friend (Mr. Pelham) has expressed his objection to it. He is a younr man, and with his talents and enlightened mind, confident as I am that be will ever act conscientiously, I do believe that he at last, and at no great distance of time, will be come a convert to the Ballet."—(Cheers.) In a county like Lincoln, the abuses of the Church Establishment are keenly felt, and in deed tithes are as unpopular there as in Ireland. The removal of the church abuses has not been touched on a moment too soon by the Clergy of Dublin ; for the people of England are unani mous as to the necessity of Church Reform. The clergy, throughout the late political con test, have given a proof that they are the enemies of the people ; and it cannot be of much service to an Ecclesiastical Establishment, that an inde lible impression should have been made on the people that the Established Clergy are always (with a few exceptions) to be found in the ranks of their enemies. The battle has been fought and won—the people have conquered ; and if the clergy felt that their interests were incompa tible with good government, it might be par donable in the way of policy to fight the battle of Anti-Reform to the last. But it cannot be good policy, now that the battle is won, to act in such a manner as to preserve constantly fresh in the recollections of the people the part played by the clergy in the reform battles. The follow ing is a curious instance of an insolence on the part of a Churchman, which reminds us almost of the days of Gregory the Seventh, when Priests trod on the necks of Princes : " Gentlemen," said Sir Wm. Ingilhy, " I think it not amiss to state, that very recently I met a very won derful kid mighty jemmy-jumps of a Parson—(Loud laughter)—with a furious fire-shovel hat—(Shouts of laughter)—who accosted we without any hesitation thus: Sir, I don't admire nor like your language—(Laughter).--- you speak irreverently of the Clergy—(Laughter)—and I think you a mischievous man'—(Continued laughter.)— The poor ape did not imagine that I was at the moment the most useful man in the county—(Laughter and cheers)—for I do not know when you have had amongst you any vublic character going about from one end of the county to the other, working more good than I believe I an: now effecting. I have no agents, and I must trumpet for myself.—(Loud cheers.) I say deliberately to you, that this mighty hale coxcomb in the fire-shovel hat, la boured under a prodigious mistake in propagating, as he has done, and is now doing, amongst the freeholders of Lincolnshire, that lam a heretic and an infidel. But I have a parson in my eye who well knows my religious sentiments, and tie conduct which I manifested towards the Clergy ever since I have known how to distinguish a Clergyman from a Layman. I know lie will take the op portunity of rising to say, that 1 entertain a proper re spect for a Pat son when that Parson respects himself. lie will corroborate what I have always advanced upon this ticklish and delicate subject—(Loud laughter)—especially delicate in a quarter where you have a mighty Bishop and others swallowing thousands of that money which should provide for the niore humble Clergy who do all the work— (Loud cheers.)" The Rev'. Mr. Powell, a clergyman, who, as Mr. Tennyson observed, " }l,d been manly and intrepid enough to appear in a company of reformers," bore testimony to the piety of Sir William Ingilby. " I have known him (he said) for the period of 25 years, and during all that time I have ever found him the true advocate and friend of the Church of England.—(Loud cheers.) He has ever been distin guished as the patron of exemplary piety ; he has always proved himself an honest and upright man; Le has always regularly attended the worship of the Church ; he has never betrayed its real interests, but to the utmost of his power has uniformly employed his best energies towards extending its blessings amongst all classes of his fellow men.—(Loud cheers.)" Mr. Tennyson too observed, " That so far from my Hon. Friend ,he Worthy Baronet being an enemy to the Church, he is, on the con trary, with me, most anxious, and it is an object nearest his heat t, to strengthen • and support it. He wishes to make it subservient to the spiritual wants of the people, to provide an active and pious minister in every parish, to eff et an equitable distribution of the goods with which the Church is endowed, instead of being accumulated and appropriated in the most lavish manner for the henefit of a comparatively small number of individuals, whilst the working parish priest is too often nearly reduced to the condition of a pauper.—(Tremendouseheers.) It is the ob ject of ray Hon. Friend to remove this scandal—an object in which I most cordially concur." . _ . . It is an old trick of the Clergy to confound Tithes with Religion, and hostility to Tithes with hostility to Religion. All Reformers, with a Parson, are Infidels. They are running about the country, almost frantic, in behalf of the Tory Candidates, and exercising all the influence they possess over old women (for their influence is now nearly confined to this class), to obtain votes for the Tories. Sir William Ingilby is not likely to be in good odour with them, if he re commends that the drones should not have all the good livings, and the working Clergy should not be left to starve. A gentleman at this meet ing, Mr. Skipworth, e x cite d t h e l aug h ter o f t h e auditory, by observing, quaintly, The work ing Clergy are the most stupid set of men on the face of the earth. I would say to them,— ' Make a strike, and don't preach ; you have the power of effecting Reform, only exercise it; I don't see why you should work like horses on asses' pay.' We fear the iron has entered too deeply into the souls of the working Clergy to allow them to make anything approaching to a strike. We know of no men so completely at the mercy of their superiors. When the time comes that they can express an opinion with safety, it will be found, we have no doubt, that there arc many men in the bosom of the Church who wish to see it purified. Indeed the Rev. Mr. Powell, at this meeting, did not hesitate to say, " Gentlemen—_l indulge in the sanguine hope that there are hundreds in this country who are equally anxious with myself that some change should take place in the ec clesiastical :government of this country.--(Loud cheers, and shouts of there are thousands.') I do not wish to rob another wan to enrich myself, but I am anxious to ob tain an equal shale with others of those emoluments which are amply provided for those who are z,al, us and earnest in their endeavours to promote and extend the cause of real religion.—(Loud cheers.) I know, Gentle :nen, that the efforts of the Hun. Baronet, in connection with others, will be made to secure a proper equalization of the gifts and rewards belonging to the Church ; I am sure, that under such auspices, the best interests of the Church will be based on a firm fours livion, and the people rendered content and happy.—(Loud cheers.)" So much for the Reform Festival at Grimsby. —The candidates for the representation of the two greatest agricultural counties of England, Devon and Lincoln, have found that the com munication of the 501. rent franchise has ren dered the Ballot inevitable. On that point, whatever opinions landlords may have, the tenants can have but one.—Morning Chronicle. At an election dinner which was eaten the other day at Torquay, in the county of Devon, Lord John Russell had the modesty and discre tion to threaten the landed proprietors of that county with a change of his opinion upon the subject of the ballot in the event of their ence among their tenantry being employed in opposition to his interest. It can excite no sur prise that Lord John has determined to mould his sentiments upon the question of the ballot to the model Which may seem.' ter hiin best suited to his own purposes, since it is notorious that upon the greater question of Reform he did the same thing. What is really surprising in the case is, that he should be so frank and explicit in his avowal of the motives and feelings which govern his political opinions. All men have not, however, the very simple and easy mode of resolving political problems which is so natural or habittial to his Lordship, and, as we believe *there are some honest advocates for collecting the suffrages of the people in the dark, we willingly take the present opportunity of pointing out one .or two of the errors under which this latter class appear to us to labour. In the first place, we think that the effect of the proposed change upon the result of any popular election is prodigiously overrated. Admitting, for instance, the complaint of Lord John Russell, which is probably no more than one of the ordinary subterfuges of disappoint ment and defeat, to be well . founded, and that some of the Tory landlords Hof Devon have really exerted to his prejudice a degree of authority over the votes of their tenants, of which the bal lot would have deprived them, can any body doubt, who has had the opportunity of knowing the general conduct and character of Whig land lords that the latter have exercised in his favour whatever authority or influence they possess in a manner at least equally arbitrary and domineer ing. In estimating the effect of this kind of harsh interference, which we by no means de fend, upon the final result, Lord John should reckon what he has gained by it as well as what he has lost ; and, if he made this computation fairly, he would no longer probably see the very selfish reason for changing his opinion upon the question of the ballot which he has so distinctly avowed. If he have lost upon balance by the undue dictation of landlords, this merely proves the fact that a greater portion of the land in De vonshire is held by men who differ from Lord John's politics than . by men who agree with them—a fact which cannot be alleged as the ground of an opinion, and still less as the ground of a change of opinion upon an impor tant political question, unless by some very weak, profligate, and impudent person. But the in terest of Whigs, Tories, or any other political party, is, it will be said, less worthy of conside ration than the interests and feelings of those classes of voters whom the ballot will at once relieve from a state of thraldom subversive of their constitutional rights and pernicious to their social character. The advantage of good go vernment to the whole community will also, it may be contended, arise in the highest attainable degree from that system of voting which affords the best security to individual independence. In these arguments there is, it must be confessed, a considerable share of plausibility ; but their force is considerably diminished when we at tempt to realise in our imagination the probable working of the system of ballot. That system can really bestow greater political independence than they now enjoy only upon the very small number of persons who will so far restrain them selves as either to maintain an uniform silence upon the political topics which engross and ex cite their immediate neighbourhood, or to con verse upon those topics in one spirit while they intend to vote in another. With respect to all others, constituting, we believe, an immense ma jority of those who can now be compelled to vote in a manner contrary to their wishes, the ballot will have no effect, for their votes will be just as well known under that sys tem as any other. The language of the market table will be, in ninety-nine instances out of a hundred, a correct index to the contents of the ballot-box ; and there can be no landlord who desires to coerce his tenantry but must know how to read it. If, on the other hand, the habit of reserve and hypocrisy which is necessary to' the efficacy of the ballot, should prevail more extensively than we expect, is it not obvious that in the same degree the interchange of opi nion and feeling must be frozen and impeded ; that in electioneering affairs there will be less than heretofore of enthusiasm and excitement ; that many who are now impelled by feelings which, but for the intercourse of society, would have remained dormant, to give an independent vote, will begin to think fifteen, or ten, or even five miles rather a long ride for the purpose of giving a vote which will then neither extort ap plause or confer obligation. As opponents to the innovating temper of the times, our chief objection to the ballot is not political, but moral. We think it the best for na tional morality, vigour, and happiness that every thing connected with our eleet:ons should be open and above board. If, however, we could bring ourselves to consider the question merely in relation to the interests of party, we should not hesitate to express the belief that the Tory party would be great gainers by the ballot, and our surprise that the Whigs and Radicals should still continue urgent for the adoption of that system. How have the ten pound h ouse h o ld ers, on t h e i r s id e , acted with qßuaililifyhain(alisnoorfoiunsstaa:,levco,scialetegsle f c o te r d ti t ' o e respect t o t h e b us i ness o f reg i strat i on ? The thousands s u t s a e n l them selves to vote under it. Are these parties so senseless as to learn nothing from a fact which indicates so plainly what would be the effect of the ballot ? Those who in support of the Bill were ready to fire houses, and slay Kings, Queens, and Bishops, so long as they could push ,each other on, were found totally worth less the moment a little individual, isolated, un excited exertion was required. What would t h e whole class of such men be worth at an elec tion under a system of ballot ? Positively no thing. Not a man of them would give a vote for which lie was to receive neither thanks nor a pplause at the expense of half a day's time, or the risk of soiling the hoofs of his nag. Among the Tories we may say, without presumption, that there are few persons of a character so light, and to persons of a character not so light it seems evident that under the system of ballot the election would be almost entirely ab an d o n e d. Do the Whigs and Radi ca l s i mag i ne t h at t h ey can afford to lose the numerous adherents of whose effective aid at every election the system o f ballot would probably deprive them ? horning Post. There is no longer any doubt of Tory IR VING'S retirement from the borough of Clitheroe. The only doubt now is, who the party will attempt to set up in his p l ace . We have heard one gentleman named, near wh a n e y, and we purpose giving the history of another flex , wee k. The political drama is taking its regular course, —the tragedy is followed by a farce. We intend to favour it with our attendance.—A certain authority says that lavlso has not retired, which is one of the bet possible proofs of his having done so. When did it tell the truth ?.....Blackburn Gazette. THE PARLIAMENT HOUSES. Workmen are busily engaged in both Houses of Parlia ment, in the most complete cleansings. All the matting has been taken up--all the seats are uncovered—and the most extensive renovations are in , progress. In, the Lords, several further alterations are taking place ; not only in the body of the House, but in the Peers' ante-rooms, double-rooms, &c., being honestly converted Into single rooms. In the Commons, the earnestness of the Reform or of anti-reform Members occasioned the necessity of a rather curious labour. The uninitiated, as well as the ini tiated, may be aware that it is a practice with Members, who are desirous of particular seats in the House, to appear there before prayers, and affix their names by-means of paper and wafers, on the backs of the desired seats. This desire for particular seats ran so high during the de bates on the Reform Bills, that scores of Members have been known, in spite of late debates on the previous nights, to return to the House before eight o'clock on the ensuing mornings, to affix their names on the backs of par ticular seats, to announce that they would be present " at prayers"—namely, at four o'clock—a ceremonial that was considered, in the Commons' code of honour, a sufficient engagement of the seats for that night's debate. But this ticketing of the seats lasted only for one night—the cere mony was to be repeated each morning. This caused such an accumulation of wafering, and such a succession of the scraping, that the wainscot backs were literally scratched and worn into holes ; and to remedy those unsightly de fects, it has been requisite to take down the backs, to re place them, and, in some instances, to supply new ones. Several of the Committee-rooms are also undergoing altera tions and repairs. All the works are to be completed by the early part of October, in case it should be requisite to re-assemble the present Parliament ; but, after the success that has attended the registration, which it was feared would work much worse than it has done, it is now de clared in Downing-street that the present Parliament is not very likely to be re-assembled. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. ECCLESIASTICAL PREFERMENTS. OXFORD, SEPT. 22.—0 n Monday last the Rev. Charles Henry Cox, M.A. of Christ Church, and Perpetual Curate of Benson, was appointed one of the Lecturers of Carfax, in this city, in the room of the late Rev. George Taunton. The Rev. Richard Gordon to the Vicarage of Elsfield, on the presentation of Lady Susan North. The Rev. Edward Berens, M.A., is appointed to the Archdeacorsry of Berke, void by the death of the Rev. John Fisher ; patron, the Lord Bishop of Salisbury. On the Bth inst. the Rev. Liscombe Clarke, M.A., was elected Canon Residentiary of the Cathedral Church of Sarum, vacant by the death of the said John Fisher. The Lord Bishop of Lincoln has instituted the Rev. John Tomlinson Day, Vicar of Risely, to the Rectory of Blet.oe, Bedfordshire, on the presentation of Lord St. John, vacant by the death of the Rev. John Leete. The Rev. Thomas Pickthall, M.A., Vicar of Brox bourn, Herts, to the Rectory of Wormley, in the same county. CORONERS' INQUESTS. Yesterday an inquest was held at the George IV., Brixton-hill, on the body of a man (name unknown)whose death was occasioned by falling asleep at the side of a lime kiln. From the evidence adduceJ, it appeared that the deceased went to Mr. Wright's lime-kiln, on Brixton-bill, in the course of Tuesday afternoon, and asked permission of his men to roast some potatoes, which he had brought in his pockets for the purpose. The men, seeing by his appearance that he was in great poverty, at once acqui esced in his request, and at the same time cautioned him not to lie down near the kiln. The deceased promised, that as soon as his potatoes were done, and his hunger ap peased, he would leave the place, and proceed to town ; the men therefore left the kiln, and went away. The next morning, as Mr. Radford, a gentleman residing at Brixton, was taking his accustomed walk between 5 and 6 o'clock, he saw the deceased lying on the kiln, and hav ing procured assistance, the unfortunate man was taken off, but he was quite dead. It seemed, that after the poor fellow had eaten the potatoes he lay down by the side of the kiln and fell asleep ; the wind changing while be was under the influence of sleep, he was suffocated by the smoke arising from the burning materials. It would appear that he had struggled, for his face was disfigured in endeavour ing to rescue himself when he fell into the kiln. A ver dict of " Accidental death" was returned. Yesterday an inquest was held before Mr. Stirling, at the Sun, Uxbridge, on view of the body of Mr. John Parr, aged SO, veterinary surgeon, residing at Ux bridge. Mr. William Rayne, surgeon, Uxbridge, de posed, that he was called about one o'clock on Sunday to see the deceased, who, with a knife, bad nearly severed his windpipe, the deceased being at the time in a state of delirium, arising from an attack of a highly infectious (scarlet) fever. None of the blood-vessels of the neck were injured, and the deceased lost but little blood, the wound having been immediately sewn up. The deceased died on Monday morning, in witness's opinion, of an op- pressed brain, consequent on inflammatory infectious fever, and not of the wound. Foreman—Does the law require that we should see the body? Coroner—lt is necessary that you should. Juror—The surgeon has stated that the deceased has died of a highly infectious fever. It would, therefore, be imprudent in us, as fathers of families, to incur the danger of infection. Coroner—Well, gentle men, you may do as you please, I shall view the body.— Several of the jury declared they would not enter the house. Verdict—" Died by the visitation of God." Yesterday an inquest was held at the Lamb and Flag, Clerkenwell-gre,n, before Mr. Stirling, on the body of ➢lr. James Hatch, aged 60. It appeared that the de ceased was on Wednesday evening in the house of his daughter, in Red Lion-street, Clerkenwell, the furniture of which had been seized for taxes. There was no other person in the house except the man in possession. On that evening a man, named Hopkins, called to inquire fur a person named Tebbur, who had lodged in the house. The deceased answered the door. Hopkins asked whether Mr. 'febbut lived there. The deceased having replied " No," immediately dropped down and expired. It had been stated in fire neighbourhood that the deceased was murdered, but a long investigation proved that there was no ground for the report. The Coroner summed up the evidence, and the jury, after a long consultation, returned a verdict of " Died by the visitation of God." RAW HIDES. Per Stone. 1.4. to s. d. Per Stone. a. d. to s.d. Best Heifers& Steers 2 42 8 I Ordinary 00 1 Middlings.. 110 2 0 Market 6 6 each. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. LONDON MARKETS. (From the London New Price Current of yesterday.) SUGAR.—The market continues very dull, and the prices since this day week fully ls. per cwt. lower. The estimated sales 2,500 hhds. and trs. ; 72 hhds. 29 trs. 81 barrels Trinidad at public sale 495. a 51s. The Re fined Market has been very dull. This afternoon the de •f" •ession in this mat ket is very great, all descriptions having again been sold upon lower terms, and the shippers appearing but little inclined to purchase even at the reduced quotations, while the grocers buy only small parcels for their immediate wants: the qualities entitled to the bounty on double refined have been freely offered at 315., and some small parcels have been purchased crashed even under that pine ; of low goods sales are reported to have been made also under the quotations. EAST INDIA SUGAR.—There are no purchases of East India Sugar to report. MAURITIUS SUGAR. —By public sales 6,259 bags Mauritius were brought forward, the whole sold 6d. to le. per cwt. lower ; brown 50s. and 50s. 6d. up to 565. for white. At public sales this day 2,396 bags Alamitos sold at prices again a shade lower, 495. 6d. a 54.5. FOREIGN SUGAR.—The demand for Foreign Sugar ap pears to be completely suspended : a few inquiries after the yellow descriptions are still made, but no transactions are reported. COFFEE.—The Coffee Market has been dull all the week ; the British Plantation descriptions have gone off without spirit, nearly supporting the previous prices. In Foreign there have been 'few transactions; a parcel of Havannsh, about 300 bags, purchased at the late highest point of the Market, has been re-sold at a loss of 6s. a 7s. per cwt. ; several p ircels of Ceylon have been sold at Market rates, 525. 6d. a 535. ; one parcel very good, 545. By public sale this (lay 225 bags Ceylon, 525. a 528. 6d., which is a further small reduction in price. RUM, BRANDY, AND HOLLANDS..--In the Runs Market there is little variation ; the holders are very fum, and t.O parcels press upon the Market for sale. Brandy is aga i n higher, several sales reported at 4s. 6(1. a 4s. 941., and for 1831 4s. 14. In Geneva there is little variation. TALLOW.—The Tallow Market has been dull, and the prices are rather lower. SPICES.-Nearly 600 bags Pimento at the public sales have been taken at 51(1. a 54 1., which is rather lower : I,COO small bags middling heavy Pepper sold 3-4-d. and ; former prices. SALTVETRE.—The business in Saltpetre this week has been on a limited scale ; there is no alteration in prices. There are inure imports of Saltpetre (as it is termed) from Lima ; it is Nitre of Soda ; a cargo has been sold this week at 30.., duty paid. - • . Stmc.—The Silk Market is in a very inanimate state; prices are steady, but little business is transacted. TOBACCO. —Tobacco is held with inure firmness. flurs....The picking is now general; the produce is CHICHESTER M ARK ET.—Sept. 19. 8eef...., ........... 2s. 8.1. to 3s. 10d. Vea1.,.................... 3s. 2.d. to 4s. 2d. I Mutton --- 3 4 4 4 Pork 3 8 4 4 lamb 4s. 1 1 / 4 1. to 4s. Sd. .. . Supply good ; trade with each kind of fat stock and store Beasts dull, with store Sheep and Lambs somewhat brisk. A traveller in the West of England states the number of stacks of corn and hay to be unprecedented ; that the country is in fact studthd with them. Standing on One circumscribed spot, he counted between fifty anl sixty. CHATHADI.— On Friday last we had the gratification of witnessing the attack and defence of an entrenched position by the troops of the garrison under the command of Col. Sir L. GREENWELL, C. B. K. C B.— The field works thrown up for practice by the Royal En cheers doing duty under Col. PALSEY was armed with field pieces, and manned by detachmints of the 21st Fusil- 1 era, the Royal Artillery, and the Royal Sappers and Miners, who were charged with the defence of them.— Toe opposing force was put under cover of some lines thrown up at a distance, and composed of a part of the 21st R. H. B. Fusilliers, under the command of Colonel LEAHY, and a detachment of the Royal Artillery, and the 83th and Connaught Rangers, under their respective offi cers. A heavy fire was commenced from the works, un der which the attacking force advanced two columns, till they gained the cover frotn broken ground close under them, where they opened a brisk fire, which was continued without intermission, until a mine which had been previ ously prepared for the instruction of the officers and men of the Royal Engineers, had exploded under the works occupied by the defending farce. This was the signal for attack. The two columns stationed for this service moved forward, followed by parties of Sappers—one column elicit lided the left of the works, whilst the other turned right of them, and at the same time the 58th advanced ft om the ground they occupied, and attacked two guns wh ch had b&en moved into a position to play upon the advancing column. The contest was then most interesting, and ter minated when the defenders were driven from the w-rk'• Under cover of fire the Sappers made a secure entrench ment when the mine was exploded, which appeared to b e one grand object of attack. The hills and adjacent svoAs were covered with spectators, comprising a ll t h e b e auty and fisiiion of the gat rison and neighbOurhood. Atnoog the distinguished individuals present we noticed the Lola Bishop of LONDON and family, Earl DARNLEY and a par ty, Sir J. HEAD, Bart., 'Major-General Sir 'l'. and Lady PRITZLAK, the Provost of Oriel arid Mrs. HAWKINS, Col' BROTHERTON, G. 13.. Col. 'MIDDLETON ell I officers frau' Maidstone Barracks, Dr. GRIFFITH, &c.—Kent Herald. about one-third short of the expected crop. The esti mated duty to-day is 130,0001. The prices of Hops have advanced about 10s. per cwt. INDIGO.—There is rather more demand for the mid. and ord. descriptions of Indigo for home consumption, 93YiDg.3artiumetueasure-to- the, late.,briak.aale at Liverpool. RICE.—In Rice there is no alteration. COCOA.—This day's public sales 389 bags old Trinidad 41t. 6d. a 425. 6d. ; 259 bags Brazil, old 245. ; all sold at fair market prices. COCHINEAL.—The market is very dull, and parcels are offered at low prices, on account of the late extensive im ports. _ _ Corrow.—The briskness and advanced prices of Cotton at Liverpool have a favourable effect here. The pur chases this week consist of 100 Bengal, good sd. ; 1,550 Surats, ord. 41d. ; good fair 541 ; 1,150 Madras, good fair 51d., goad 54d. ; 100 Bowed, good fair sp., good 6d. ; 100 West India, mid. 6id., good SP. This af ternoon the holders of Cotton are firm in demanding per lb. higher than on this day week ; 51.1. refused for good Surat,. TEA.--Since the sale the delivery of Tea has been very ereat. The appearance of the market is in favour of buyers, and that the consumption of the quarter will re quire the whole quantity sold at this sale. PRICE OF SUGAR. The Average Price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, computed from the Returns made in the week ending the 18th day of Sept., ISA is 275. 60. per Hundred Weight, exclusive of the Duties of Customs paid or payable thereon on the Importation thereof into Great Britain. PRICES OF HOPS.-Sept. 21. Kent Pockets 6l. Os. '7l. Oi.ta 81. 101. Sussex Ditto Fssex Ditto Ol. Os. 01. os. to 01. Os. Farnham Ditto, Fine 71. Or. 91. os. to W. Os. Seconds ................ 01. Os. 51. Oa. to 71. Os. 41. 4s. 51. ss. to 5/. 121. . 4/. Os. 41. Ss. to 41. 12s. 01. Os 01. Os. to 01. Os. Old Duty laid at 135,0001. Sussex Ditto Essex Ditto.. PRICE OF OIL. Rape Oil, brown Os. Refined Linseed Oil _ 24 10 Linseed Oil Cake at the Mill, per thousand 11 0 Rape Cake, per ton WHITECHAPEL HAY MARKET.—Sept. 20 Hay 60s. Od. to 904. Od. I 80.1. Od. to 1104 Od, 244. Od. to 30*. Od. 1.111. CE OF POTATORB,—Sept. 21. 2!. 10s. to 31. 10s. per ton. Lt , A,THE.H. Per lb. d. to 4. English Horse Hides.. 11 14 SFinish Ditto ..........,. 15 19 Per dozen. Calf Skint— 80 to 401 b. 14 18 Ditto 50 to 701 b. 16 24 Ditto 70 to 801 b. 19 24 Small Seals, Greenland 16 17 Large 10 12 Kent PRICES or Per lb. Butts, English 16 23 Ditto, Foreign ».--- 14 19 Dressing 12 14 Ditto ~...14 17 Ditto, light Crop Hides, 1ight,..,,. 12 131 to 451 b. 13 151 Ditto l4 161 SHEEP SKINS. Short Wool Os. Od. to Os. Od. f Lambs Is. 6d. to 64. 0.1 to IS. Bd. PRICE OF RAW FAT, per stone of Price of Tallow (as stated by the Tallow Ateliers) •7R, Bd. PRICE OF TALLOV Town Tallow 483. Od. Yellow 435, 6d, White 448. Od, Soap 42g. Od. Melted 365. Od. Ditto Od. , SOAP, &c. per 11210. Yellow 625. Od. 70s. Od. White 745. Od. Graves l4s. Good Dregs ss. Od. PRICE OF CANDLES. The price of Store Candles, in the retail shops, is as follows : Candles, per dos. 7s. Od. to Ss. Od. Moulds, per dozen—...9s. COAL MAR: Per Ton. _ _ 8. d. Adair's 18 9 Beaumont lB 0 Felling 18 0 Holywell 18 9 Ord's Redhugh 17 0 Pontop Windsor 17 6 . 18 3 Townley lB 0 Willington Wylam Walls End Boundary...-., 19 0 Ditto Bewicke and C 0.... 21 6 Walls End Callerton 17 6 Walls End G05f0rth........ 20 3 Walls End 21 0 Walls End H0t5pur.......... 19 :3 Walls End Hilda 19 6 Ditto Killingworth 19 9 Ditto Northumberland... 19 9 Walls End Riddell's 21 0 Ditto Todd and Watson... 19 0 Bells Primrose..... l7 0 Ships arrived sines .KET.—Sept. 21. Per Tor,. s. d. Eden Main —............. 19 0 Walls End lietton 22 0 Walls End Lyons * 20 3 Walls End Larnbton ....... 22 0 W. E. Russell's Helton.— 21 6 Ditto Steam boat lB 0 Walls End Stewart's.... 22 0 W. E. South Durham.,.. 20 6 Walls End Tees .......... 22 3 Cowpen l9 6 18 0 Walls End Elgin 20 0 Walls End Henderson... 18 0 Netherton 17 6 New Flockton, Milne, and C 0...—. lB 3 W. E. Preston Grange,,, 17 6 Silkstone Field and C 0... 18 6 Silkstone Wilson 18 0 Tantield Trader 17 9 Newbiggen small 14 0 Wetton Park 15 0 last market-day, 48. COUNTRY CORN MARKETS DURING THE WEEK. Per Quarter. Wheat. Barley. 1 Oats. Basingstoke ........... Bath _ _ 62 66 52 65 44 CO 54 70 54 60 58 64 62 67 52 63 48 65 54 75 66 69 52 64 46 G 8 - 26 35 26 31 26 29 36 38 idge water Bristol Chesterfield - Derby -- Devizes Doncaster ..........,. D0rche5ter........... Exeter. . Gloucester __ Hungerford Leicester , 22 27 20 24 IS 20 Kewbury Romsey Shaftesbury. Shepton Mallet Sherborne--. Yeovil Per Bushel. Shrewsbury -. 22 26 ocs 1 16 20 21 26 730 33 124 26 30 36 20 5; 28 44 1 17 25 30 38 27 24 34 36 18 20 34 36 19 22 25 35 18 2# 39 1 23 29 36 18 32 30 38 23 27 -- 37 27 32 39 1 20 26 30 36 22 26 35 20 32 36 20 22 s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. 50 601 0 60 38 Q 40 44 38 -- 44 28 38 34 40 36 42 40 41 33 42 40 44 37 52 34 Lii 34 40 37 52 44 53 44 34 40 34 38 38 38 40 s. d. c d 00 0 0 44 62 56 62 56 63 54 62 58 72 52 60 s. d. s. d. 89 90 BIRTHS. On the 17th inst. at Maryvale Cottage, Ludlow, la Comtesse de Croismare, of a daughter. On the 21st inst. the lady of William Samuel Jones, Esq., o f Brunswick -square, of a son, still-born. MARRIED. On the Myth inst. John Ashman Green, Esq , of Holcomb e House, near Old Down, Somerset, to Eliza Wray, relict of the late B Isaac, Esq., formerly of Epsom, Surrey, thi the eoth inst. at Camberwell Church, Ernest George Oe!i. ricks, Esq., of Baltimore, third son of W. L. Oelrichs, Esq., Brew en, banker and merchant, to Mary Bowles, eldest daught,, of Charles Brenchley, Esq., of Denmark-hill. On the 20th inst. at St. James's Church, Piccadilly, John Hart , Esq., Dover-place, New Kent-road, to Caroline, youngest lough'' ter of the late D r . St ep h en Hall, o f Cupo l a- h ouse, N ew K en t-roa( . On the 40th inst. at Royston, Joseph Towne, Esq., of Guy' hospital, to M ary, eldest daughter of the late Mr. T. Butterficlu of the former place. On the 9.oth inst. at St.' James's Church, Thomas Josepbq Corhyn, Esq., of Herne-hill, to Hester Bray, second daughter !) Mr. Mansell, of Ki ng - s t ree t, W es tminster, and of Aldenham, ~ Hertfordshire. DIED. On the 13th inst. Mrs. Margaret Hodgskin, aged 82. On the 13th inst. of apoplexy, in his 58th year, William of the Ilop-pole-iiin, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire. On the :291.11 ult. John Cruckshank, Esq., solicitor, Porti a " terrace, New Kent-road. On the 14th hist. of scarletina, Thomas Howell, the only On of Thomas Ilinns, Esq., of Essex-street. daOugnhttehre o l f 3 , t j h u in n s l t a . s a ri t ,i l - IJ a n i t , it E ig sg ti . e : d o , f s A u y fl e b s l b k u , r E y r , a i n n c t e i s i , e, thel thir d thye3 of her age. -.0/1 PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY MU R D O 'YOU ATV, SUN OFFICE. 112. STRAND, LONDON,