The Sun. — London, England, 1853-08-30 00:00:00

T_ :!st, reefing • eed, worn. er glow. 1 weeping' ini. a C°°s' taitie ro b 8 t tO DO C4l 410 On t e :, siOn 010 r ° the )( 1 0 5 I: c it b tr°°r MONEY MARKET AND CITY INTELLIGENCE. CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday wera estimated at 7,000 bales, of which 1,000 American 'were taken for export. The market closed steady, without alteration in prices. The sales comprised 5,500 American 110 Perham and M aran h am , a t 7d. ; 100 Bahia, at 62d. ; 600 Egyptian, at Nd. to 100. ; 2 4 00 5. Surat, at 3-W. to 4,1 d. ; and 50 Sea Islands, at to 3s. 4d.per lb. Railway Shares were dull. The cochineal and i n di go auc ti ons o f t h e Nether lailads Trading Company wi ll commence t owar d s t h e close of next month. The war steamer Da:dalus brings 1,400,000 dol lars from Panama. The state of the New York money market is ac counted for in various ways, and although the prime cause is the new banking law, the following, as in stanced by an American journalist, seems to be an accessory circumstance : It has been stated that the London correspondents of the Erie Rail roa d Company have not directly given in timation that the bonds of the company, held in hypo thecation should be immediately redeemed ; but in what does this contradiction disagree with the statement that, inaBtnuch as the bonds were not negotiable, the holders now look to the company fur an early settlement. It is not the Erie Railroad Company alone, which has large .Inounts 1) of bo n d s on hypothecation. The by or call " L ( ,aos toe this co m p any d o not exceed $2,500,000, while Whit a ggregate of bond s now l y i ng i n London, on Ifh drafts have been made, is over $30,000,000. the dem an d for money should increase, which the est London authorities think inevitable, with or without war, the rate of money, in London, they state, could not be less than five per cent. Thus, to hav e every reason to apprehend that the bonds which we have referred will be returned to this coun t.rY for sa l e. Coupling with this state of facts, we have the prospective probability that the money to be thus recovered will be ordered home in the shape of specie, to . 17 meet the extraordinary depletion of the Bank of noti4'l3glanof.d, which every success i ve arr i va l g i ves us ce It is said that the contraction which the banks are making has k ep t d own exc h ange, b ut i t is equally true that b so doing they have given a check to th e gene ral exportation of the country, and thus, while specie is "vraPorarily retained, almost ceasing to be an article of eel:amerce through these artificial means, our imports ilit , ar e increa s i ng to an alarming extent. To practical mer chants th e prospect presents an accumulation of difficul tiesy and credit well understand that in the absence of the exportation of the p r oduce of the country there can be b ° exohan,Ye, except such as is drawn on the responsi credit of bankers. This is, of course, a source of acco mmodation in its nature very limited, and can s" 1 3? be te mporary, to be made goo d b y rem i ttances in BPecie. The contraction is beyond doubt necessary, and , I . 3 cpc timely, b u t it a l so s h ows to what a n extrava '-nli extent the banks must have been expanded to have produced di stress through the whole country. The en e trade and financial operations are virtually sus pended.,, Mails for Nassau, Bahamas, are in future to be lblad e up on th e 17th, i ns t ea d o f th e 2 n d o f eac h _ h, and th e re t urn ma il s will be due here in the 4114€11 .e of the month. it,' The 'United States gold eagles are to be received a (:) ,. 1 , 1 ' West India colonies at 415., the half eagle 4 1,1;" 8 . 6 d., quarter eagle at 10s. 3d., and gold doll at 4s Id. Th e d, m, English Stock Market has been exceedingly C o ' and the quotations remain precisely as they cooed yesterday, Consols being 98 to 4 both for p0 ,., 11 eY and time. There is no news of political im portance, and the decline at the Paris Bourse yes- Q'''' a y is the only feature. The New Three-and-a larter per Cents. have been 1014 to 1, and the Three per Cents. 98i East India Stock has been 2 11°t ed 256. Exchequer Bills are ls. discount to %Premi um. of business u the foreign market there is an entire absence pp; -us iness, and prices are merely nominal for the dealt securities. Spanish Certificates have been plt at 61 per cent., and Buenos Ayres at 66. Peruvian are about 841 to 851. It is stated that the dispute between the Austra- Cordillera G o ld C o mpany and the Consols r lis tralian) Land Company will be amicably ad tted on the receipt of advices from Sydney from commissioners of the respective companies. transaction in a large number of Consols to- day, is reported to have been done " outside," T h -- Lay, at 1 discount ; namely, 15s. per share. operation may have been induced in conse ,"ence of the report that the Hunter River (.I,,4lorthern) Railway would not only connect the Legenhoe estate with the shipping ' e , t3rt e of Morpeth and Newcastle, but that, in the aa — e at of Mr. Wentworth's suggestion being ic ° Pted to extend the line to Scone and Sydney, 15 wiz have the advantage of a direct railway tin(' through it to the latter city. th'un 6 half-monthly account is being arranged in lit e Share market, and prices are, for the English Th e almost throughout the same as y e st er d a y. e Great Western have risen a little, and the h a °ll :. and Berwick are very firm. French shares but there been r a th er fl a t, ow i ng to the decline at Pa r i s , mthere is no bona fide selling, as the holders have tl e fullest confidence in the goodness of their invest- TheV i Great Indian Peninsular line is better , gog to the guarantee of 4i per cent. given by the e nurable East India Company, upon 1,500,0001. (4 ad ditional capital. ,1,.,? °1 d Mine Shares have been lower, Australian p a il ,t-St Banks neglected, and the Land Com zes Merely nominal. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY. (Prom the Official List.) ji:per Ce n t . Reduced Annuities 98:1 i t ,,Cent. Consols Annuities l et ; per Cent. Annuities lOl4 i i biti g ,. A nnuities, Expire sth Jan., 1860 bit." 30 Years, Expire 10th Oct., 1859 • 5 4 , .o 30 +1414 Years, Expire sth Jan., 1860 5 toll tock k rs for Account Bth September 9B . 1 1 c hequer Bills, ld. 40 00 $:500 Smalll d 2p Ik 14 R ICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY. 14 apaiii.'" Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent 66 Sp a4m 'l , Bonds 3 per Cent 474 -84 C ommittee Cert. of Coup. not fun 6i i P 0 THREE O'CLOCK. Consols 9B 3 / 4 98 - 4 Di tto September Account L LOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY.) b tozzDoil, Aug. 30.—Wind this day at Noon, Westerly reeze, and fine. 'ved— hiutAt, -4 ' Aug. 29.—Wind, W., (44a Bahia ; Albert Frit _ , moderate. fr o e,?; Volante, Westwar. fer W th al e lac N e o , rt B h u . sAa N nm A M rr - 1 11, 1 1 l'uort R iver —Jeanette and_ l d Cornelia, Sydney, •T l • i e Wilv d e l d ; Angl* Trieste ; Veltman, W Christiania, N w xirria. Alit back ea Sydney, N.& • Adelaide, S.A. e Sa yerk. la hEnchanter, Zealan'd, Commodore, and _e_ Passed—William IteAng. 3° ( 9 a.m.)—Wind, /,,,411, frora Ibrail, for Lonc W lon . % , ,ve ? t u e e r, be ß c, la f .e o k r , 4 (1 4 ( 4 9 4 i Reform,__Quebec,cafioira.:4onnr-Ndil°°onrnldeno—n i ,' 'or London ; Niagara, 414 1 1 . 4.: ....8 % fiz London -. IT nio n , nvr.- I. ' Matanzas, for London. Re- Cadiz, for London i r s ; ; E . Cassandra, uP h Farmers,e 11ii a ' fo, 17:011tessenger, from . Hydras, Mou v lm rt ei e n, R fo e r , f o r r e c ni e 0, Q4),44 Ildon, for Teneriffe ; 0 tto.ntinople. Put back—Ballen_g_ _._., squally. rivll4olllll, Aug. 29.—Wind, . - W eich, for I Quebec. ndon f . o r r . et F'.111;11.S. Daedalus, Valparaiso Q , u w e tt e h e. l,4oo,ooodole. l ' relgut * S ailed—Roalin Castle, Quebec. N.,4i4.1,1t0UTR, Aug. 29. tt ) 11: ' Walkers'arB R ;a ff Taoem i W e , c i M n r d i a: i r g ia .e n , ople ; Tete, Ode st s a s ia , P4l:-lalutria ; Orion, Odessa W Arrived--Kennetouth i W. .S W t . 1J b A e s i 7C e o d n — Lae -: i th igsf MotTB, A.ug. 29.—Wind,d Waterloo, New IVEti,„„°r,_(l, Pernambuco. Salle NVehi' rot•Sts st. Vesuvius, - I ._ ,ward. S W fresh g r aze EIIPOOL, Aug. 30 (10.45 4.1:13,- 1 Win , . d W— " ton and H.M.'s st. Edinburgh, 137.7'', and fine. Arrived—Daniel Webster, from ,41-Qraf Von Paris, for St. Peters from ici:reoFwmacßtlrooirfl_cor: I\l 3'ir t 11 1, 1 t 11 . Off Port— Australia, 1113:141.RP:i tfhre"a2oBthin,Yfrnroma.—NTehwe 44,11cester, w , past 10 o'clock this morning. s York, team from Quebec to y w h i e th ad th a e t %o'"IPP, ug. 2 8.—The Fingalton, e w r as A e r fi cti li c, el 'l has became a total wreck ; materials neary (fishing yes hich went on shore at Sully Island lall on the ,sel) nA,.ll,l3ohounti, Aug. 27.—The Unexpected 4c o -` "*rinasby, came ashore here on the 25th, and has 1 48 4 wreck ; crew saved. 1 1:t t M ow —The dispute - ttw ee ,, ~•01`,TS' STRIKE AT G . LASG Ns 0,....,,t1?e builders of this city and ' their operatives ve titi " -c riday amicably arranged by the friendly inter °re tithe fr of a committee of architects, who met delegates Vel i e masters and workmen on Wednesday evening, s ome the heads of the arrangement were settled after itr:,7 considerable discussion, conducted with great temper and moderation on the part of the men. t erms ultimately agreed upon le —That _ a o ,_, 4 shall work only 57 hours a week, ea :d _Of t 11 04 1 . c 'elt oil Saturdays. That they be pai d. the any e1)4,4. Ana that 6 months' notice be given before Nve r „'e in these arrangements can take place. There_.. 4 ::: 1 :::18 0 f 1 700 masons went out on the strike , Ple ,Pr a ° , b ably the Kbourerq, quarriers, carters, &c., ern ala,;es` in the em various auXili.try branches of the trade, out of employment, would number as 1.111/141,. °re.---North, British, Mail. 4 Erie OF THE TELEGRAPIL—Last Tuesday week t heb - f r , l h ' f oiir,s who is at Amsterdam, suddenly be- Ivallat ninaself hattt he wanted a hundred pounds. He t q th tto the erc telegraph and gave is message Tlq, tfleet, which was to be forwarded to Liverpool. clinin4 at twelve o'clock. At six, when he was a kergha,t,shis hotel, a gentle tap at the door introduced il c)tio, -`uala, who bowed and said, "Have I the `, Nz e r „ of addressing Mr. ?" To the answer, of 4. ,7_ , he replied, "I merely called in consequence NvitCvesaage from our London correspondent to leave ree l t his the for one hundred pounds." This Y raarvellous 4 1/400. amongst all the marvels of th is - "IS 9 4trico_indirdAno! ,ting• SHARE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.) BRITISH RAILWAYS. Closing Prices this day. Business done this day. RAILWAYS. 100 19 100 100 all all all 45 Aberdeen............. Ambg. Nottug. Bost. & Eastn. June....... Birmng. Wolverh. & Stour Va11ey......... Birkenhd. Lancsh. & Cheshire Junct...... Do. Chesh. & Birk., £5O & £25 Cons.... Do., £20.........•••••• Bristol & Exeter..... Caledonian. Chester & Holyhead Cork and Bandon.... Cork, Black. & Pass. Dublin&BelfastJunc. Dundee Perth &Aber deen Junction Do. New •• •• • East Anglian (..25 L. & E. & L. & D.)..... !Do., (XlB E. & H.).. Eastern Counties..... Eastern Union, Class A. late E. U. 5h.... IDo., do. . • Do., B. & C. East Lancashire . East & West Ind. Dk & Birmiug. June Edinburgh & Glasgow lEdinb. and b Peebles Edinb. Prth. &Dundet Glasgow & S. Western !Great Northern Stk Do., A. Stock Do., B. Stock ...... Gt. Sth. &West.(lre.) Great Western........ frieh South-Easters. Lancaster & Carlisle.. Do., Third 5............ I Lancash. &Yorkshire Do., Fifths Do., Wst. Riding Un !Leeds Northern ..... Liv. Crsby. & So utb - pt Loudon & Blackwall !Loud. Tilb. & SthencL ,Lond.Bright.&S.Cst., London & N. Western Do. Fifths .... all 100 all 1i 100 100 'lOO 100 al 1131 100 11i all all all D0.,16/.5h.,M&8...C 1 London & S. Western Do., £50........ Do., .£40....... ...... Lndndrry.&Coleraine Lndndrry. & Ennisk. Manch. Shef. &Lincln. Do., Man. &Lin. Un. Midland . Do. Birming. dt Derby Midland G. West. (Ir. ) Do. A Shares ..... Newcastle & Carlisle.. Newmarket ..... Do. Bury Extensions Newpt•Aberg.&Htfd Newry do Enniskillen Newry Warrenpoint di Rostrevor N0rf01k..... Do., New . .. •• • ....• Northn. Counties Un North British .•. North Devon, No.l Do., No. 2.....• • • • • De., A A Deferred Do., A B Guaranteed North Staffordshire North Western N. d: S. Westrn. June Oxford Worcester & Wolverhampton Scottish Central Scottish Midland Shrewsbury & Birmg. Do., L. & N. Westu. Guaranteed Stock... Shrewsby. & Herefd. Shrewsby. & Chester (Nor. W. Min.)..... Do. Halves, d 0....... Do. Oswestry ......... Shropshire Union.... South Dev0n.......... South Ea5tern..... .... South Wa1e5........... ' S. Yorksh. River Dun Do . Stockton & Hartlepl. Thames Haven Dock and Railway Vale of Neath Waterfd. & Kilkenny Waterford&Limerick West C0rnwa11....... Wmble don &Croydonj IWoodford ......... ..... York Newctl. &Berw. Do. Extensions....... Do. G.N.E. Purchase York & N. Midland.. PREFERENC lAberdeen Do. No. '2, 7 p. c. Eris. & Ex. 4 p. c. St 'Do. 4 P. c. Shares , lealedoniau £lO Chester Holyhead Guar. 5 per cont , Cork &Bandons4p.c Dundee Perth &Aber deen Junction EastAnglian (£3los) 6 per cent Do. (£5) 7 per cent Do. (X 7 17s) 7 p. c Eastern Counties Ex-' tension, 5 p. c. No. .1 Do. No. 2 Do. New 6 p. c. St Eastern Union, Scrip Guar. 6 per cent East Lancash. 6 p. ets Edinb Prth. &Dundee 5. per cent. Glasgow & S. Western Guar. 5 per cent Great Northn. 5 p. c Do. 5 p. c. Redeem., at 10 p. c. prem. .. Do. .4 p. c. Scrip Gt, Southn. &Westin (Ireland) Eighths) Gt. Westn. (Berks & Hants Ex. 5 p. c) Do . cow. red. 4 . 4 . p.c Do. con, red. 4 p. c Do. irred. 4 p. c Lan. & York. F. £2O Do. 6 p. c. Stock Loudon and Brighton Guaranteed 5 p. c Do. Pref., 5 p. c. St. Do. Convertible, 5 p. c., 1852 Do. New Guar.6 p. c London & S. Western Con. Thirds .0 Loudonderry&Coler Shares 11 Londy. & Ennis. ,11 Man., Shef., & Lin., Shares, No. 1. 11 Do. New, £lO 3 Do. I:6 Harypt.&Carl.4 p.c. Do. q per cent Do Consol.6 p.c.St. Do. Consol. Bristol & Birin. 6 per cent Do. Pref. Viper cent Norfolk Extension Do. 5 p. c. Eat Do. Guar. 5i per et._ Do. Way. Val. 5 p. c North British North Staffordshire.. Oxford, Worcester, & Wolverh.£ls, 6 p.c. Do Shrews. &Birm.N.G Shrewsby. & Chester (Nor.W.Min), 8 p.c. Do. 5 per cent ..... South Devon ,Do. New S. Eastern (Reading) Ann.) of £1 Os. 6d. Do. 41 per cent. Pre. S.Yorksh.4p.c.Guar. I Waterfd.&Kilk.6p.c. York, Newcastle,and Berwick,4 p.c. Pref Do York&N.Midlandll.) and S. Pnrch . FORE: Antwerp &Rotterdam Belgian Eastu. June. Beziers to Graissessac Charleroi & Erquclin. Dijon aud Besancon Dutch Rhenish East Indian Do> Extension Gt. Indian Peninsula Gd. Juuct. of France Gt. Western of Canada Shares Lucca & Pistoja 5 p. c, pref Luxembourg Do. (Railway) Do. Do. (Canal)... I Do. 6 p. et. pref Lyons & Mediterran Madras Namur & Liege (with interest) Do. (ex interest) Northern of France Do. 201. 3 p. c Bds (fmy. B. & Ams. Sbs. ) NorwegianTrunkPref Paris and Lyons Paris and Orleans Paris and Rouen Paris and Strasbourg ParisCaen & Cherbrg Quebec & Richmond Rouen and Havre Royal Swedish Sambre and Meuse Sth-Eastrn. of France Southern of France Upper India Scrip West Flanders Do. 5i per c. Pref Western of France West, of Switzerland Xoo4laUd if _ 254 -- 26 4i - 4i st 104 9 - 7 31 20 22 3i 24 d 102 163 21 . 2 67 1 1 i 19 19& 4;. 5p 8 - 54 3i 4 131 - 13}: 47 - 49 33 - 35' 71 - 72 7`L : ?4 21' = ii 83 84 53 54 133 - 135 112 114 881 891 7 7il 105 107 17 18 p 751 —75 i 5 4d 38 2i(l 15 —15 A 8A 8i lip 100 A— 101 A, 1104 —111 i IA lip 1 —14 p 85 86 7 6 d 6 5d 11 13 18 20 27 28 -(11 711 -71 i 40 - 42 I 55 - 57 - P - - 3k 81 - 54 - 56 3A 2A d 32 —33 8 10 11 - 2 7 - 71 4 4gd 9 - 23 p 50§ - 513, 95 - 97 63 • 65 64 - 66, 69 71 1/ Nis 18 -- 20 9 -- 10 134 -- 144' 3g Sid 18 20 -- 704 36 -- 37 124 - 134 26 - 28 2 : 1 i5 l - 15 i 8i - sg .32 - 33 9 - 10 694 —70 A 7 —74 d 2i - 2d 58 . 4 s9j 2i 70 36i 89 8,1 9i 9 75k pm 'E SHARES. 103 - 105 105 ilk 194 - 204 1 - P 64 - 6# 4 - 5 - 5 -. 121, 11 : 2 13, 14i -15 i 21 21i Il2Bi -129 i 1113 - 114 - 1p 8 - 8f 103 104 99 101 100 102 ld P 150 —152 d 3 1 -- 3 t 10 -- 11 13i -14 i 8 -- 9 10 -10 i 1 - P 149 151 par 111 116 118 122 115 117 24b —25 i 21 - 2in 114 lli 17 18 14 15 par p 25i -- 261 110 -- 112 -19 i 20i # d 103 -7 105 51 - 5i /par '-pl IGN. 10 all 14 all 100 all 3 100 1111 11 i 10i ad ad li pm Pm 9 2 i pm - id 93 - P - 6 p - A - dis THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 30, 1853, DISCIPLINE AND MANAGEMENT OF CONVICT PRISONS. Leasing Compans. Closing Prices this day. Business this day. ( Continued from. The Sun of yesterday.) THE CONVICT QUESTION. Expense of adopting Imprisonment as the Secondary Punishment of this Country. Having made these preliminary observations, I will proceed to consider the probable expense of adopting imprisonment as the secondary punishment of this country. Assuming that an average period of three to four years' imprisonment were substituted for the present sentences of transportation (and considering that a large proportion of those who now receive a sentence of seven years' transportation would be well disposed of with a sentence of two years' imprisonment, I believe this to be a fair average), the following may be assumed as data on which to calculate a maximum number and the ex pense. First, as regards England and Scotland. If, as an assumed maximum, we take 3,000 as the number sentenced annually, and an average period of four years' imprisonment, the following may be taken as data : Sentences of imprisonment extending from 18 months to life 3,000 Total number in confinement, on an average of four years' imprisonment, showing the total accommodation required 12,000 Of this number there might be 2,000 in separate con finement, and 10,000 on public works and in invalid establishments, &c. Expense of an assumed Maximum Number of 12,000 Prisoners sentenced in Great Britain, of whom, one-sixth in Separate Confinement. Maintenance of 2,000 prisoners in separate con finement, at 241. per head £48,000 Maintenance of 7,500 able-bodied on public works, at 231. Maintenance of 1,500 invalids, at 251. Maintenance of 1,500 juveniles, at 201. Total gross cost of 12,000 prisoners 278,000 From this must be deducted the earnings of 12,020 prisoners, say at 12/. per head 144,000 Total net cost to the country Add net estimate for 1,200 females (p. 37) 19,200 Total net cost of 13,200 male and female prisoners 153,000 In the foregoing calculations it is assumed that a pro portion of the prisoners would be employed on public works at Gibraltar, Bermuda, and Western Australia, in the following proportions : Gibraltar and Bermuda Western Australia . 2,300 . 550 Total 2,850 Assuming an average period of imprisonment of three years at each of these places, there would be an annual relief of one of these numbers. Average expense of passage to Bermuda and Gibraltar, say 71. 10s. ; this for 800 prisoners to Western Australia for £6,000 Expense would voyage 200 prisoners, at 951. Total annual expense for transport of convicts to Gibraltar, Bermuda, and Western Aus tralia, to be added to the maximum calcula tion . 5,000 11,00'0 4,800 penal establishment in this country, for convicts con , victed of the worst classes of crime, and for incorrigible convicts, and if any are sent abroad, to make a selection of the best and most deserving of the convicts, instead of the very worst. In former times, when emigration was almost unheard of, the being transported beyond the seas carried terror into every gang of thieves in town or country; but my own impression is that, looking to the main object of punishment, which is to deter others from crime, this end would be more effectually obtained by imprisonment for a long series of years, or for life, in a convict prison at home or in Bermuda or Gibraltar, than, as heretofore, in a remote place like Norfolk Island, where a prisoner and his fate are alike soon forgotten. 4. Cost of Erecting any additional Prison Acco2nntoda- tion. With regard to the expense of providing any addi tional accommodation, so much depends on the facilities for erecting buildings, the cost of transport of materials, the expense of sites, &c., that I cannot venture to state with any precision what would be the expense per cell, on the plan of Portland ; but under favourable circum stances, and exclusive of the site and houses for the of ficers, the cost of a prison on that plan, with chapel and all necessary offices, boundary walls, &c., would probably not exceed 351. to 401. per head, especially if convict labour could be applied in reduction of the expense, as at Dartmoor. As regards officers' quarters, a rent equal to 3 per cent. on the outlay is paid on a proportion of them. Houses are also furnished to the superior officers in place of lodging money, to which they would otherwise be entitled. Any outlay for these objects is not, there fore, capital entirely sunk, as in the case of prisons. The expense of providing quarters for officers and barracks proportioned to 1,000 prisoners might amount to from 16,0001. to 20,0001., or be taken at about 161. to 201. a man, averaged on the number of prisoners. The total outlay for new prisons therefore might be as sumed at about 501. to 601. per head, subject to the foregoing considerations ; and on these data the cost of erecting the additional accommodation for prisoners on the public works could be reckoned. A certain proportion, say one-fourth or one-fifth, of every additional 1,000 prisoners would, however, be in separate confinement. If, therefore, additional prison accommodation were req u i re d for them, the coat, in cluding officers' quarters, would be on a higher scale. The calculation for 1,000 prisoners; exclusive of site, might be taken at 71,2501. Equal to an annual charge at 54 per cent. for liquidating principal and interest on capital borrowed for the purpose, 3,9181. 5. Probable E f fect on the Annual Estimates of carrying out a General System .of hnprieonment. During the first few years, and until such a system were fully developed, the annual expenses would vary, and be subject to no very precise calculation, chiefly arising from the uncertainty in what proportion the ex penses in Van Diemen's Land would diminish. The following may afford data for forming an opinion. Sir W. Denison, in his dispatch dated August 21, 1851, furnishes a return of the number of convicts holding tickets of leave, and those who are maintained at the expense of the Government respectively. Subjoined is the general summary : Maintained by Government, males .... 3,536 females... 1,226 Not maintained by Government, males 11,978 females 3,329 Grand total If no additional convicts be sent to Van Diemen's Land their number will gradually be reduced by expira tion of sentence, and by a less number being under the restrictions of the ticket of leave, the infraction of which, probably, causes many to be returned on the hands of the Government. For the purpose of calculation, it may be sufficient to assume that the majority would be disposed of in four or five years, and the estimates would decrease in some regular proportion. Erection of Additional Accommodation. In connection with the probable operation on the estimates of an extensive change of system, the subject that will claim the first coizsideration and prompt action upon any decision of the Government, will be the erec tion of the necessary accommodation. It would appear desirable to take a comprehensive view of all that will be required during the next four years, and to obtain the sanction of Parliament to the necessary outlay. The probable annual accumulation of convicts during the next four years has been shown in the foregoing cal culations, in which it will be observed that the numbers will increase in a regular ratio. When, however, those convicts who are now in confinement shall have been disposed of, the permanent number, who will have been sentenced in Great Britain during the above period will fall to about 12,000. On these data, it would appear that, in addition to the accommodation now at the disposal of the Government, viz., 10,880, as shown at page there will not probably be permanently required more than from 1,200 to 1,500 cells ; but during the third and fourth years a greater number will be needed. Hence, the necessity of at least taking immediate measures for the erection of the amount of accommodation which will be necessary as a permanent provision, and of adopting some temporary expedient for the excess, above this amount, as the exi t gency arises. It would be prudent not to determine too hastily, but the Secretary of State should have the power of meet ing any emergency, and of immediately providing for it. In accordance with your lordship's directions, I have already made arrangements for the erection of an addi tional wing at Portland, which will raise the accommo dation in that important prison from 1,070 to 1,500 ; and the appropriation of Brixton for females will give additional accommodation for about 400 male convicts at Millbank. It is also under consideration to erect prisons at Chat , ham, and Devonport, or Gosport. THE UNITED STATES AND AUSTRIA. We have received the following account of the negotiations between the Austrian and American Ministers on the subject of the Hungarian refugee Kossta. The negotiation was commenced by Mr. Brown, who addressed to Mr. Bruck the following letter : " Legation of the United States at , Constantinople, June 27. "Monsieur l'lnternonce,—l have the honour to ad dress your Excellency on the subject of a most unfortu nate occurrence, which I am informed by the consul of my Government in Smyrna took place there on the 23d inst., and which I very deeply deplore, inasmuch as it resulted in the death of a young officer of the Austrian navy, who has thus roost probably, without in any manner having been the cause of the unwarranted attack made upon himself and his companions in Smyrna, been the victim of the most inconsiderate and unaccountable conduct of the Austrian Consul of the city towards an individual named Martin Kossta. "This person, at the present moment incarcerated on board the Austrian brig-of war Hussar, now at Smyrna, is, I believe, one of the Hungarian refugees who had been detained at Kintayeh. Together with others he was permitted to leave this country in 1851, and he pro ceeded with them to the United States, where he took the preliminary steps toward becoming a citizen of the United States—that is, he made a formal renunciation of all allegiance to any other Power or Sovereign what ever, and took the oath of allegiance to the Govern ment of the United States. A few months since M. Kossta came to Smyrna from New York, with the design of again proceeding to the United States. In the afternoon of the 21st inst., while seated on the marina of Smyrna, he was suddenly set upon by some fifteen ruffian Greeks, all armed, said to have been employed for that purpose by the Austrian Consul ; and after, having been treated in the most brutal manner, was thrown into the sea, where a boat was waiting to receive and conduct him to the Austrian brig Hussar. " M. Kossta, on leaving the United States, received a legalized copy of the declaration which he had made there of allegiance to the Government of the United States, and which document, under ordinary circum stances, would recommend him to the friendly aid and consideration of the American authorities. "It cannot be conceived here that this individual's temporary residence in the city of Smyrna could possi bly excite the animosity of the Austrian Consul to such a degree as to cause him to employ a band of armed ruffians to attack him at a moment when he evidently had no reason to apprehend such an outrage, and to have him conveyed in an ignominious manner on board an Austrian vessel-of-war. "It seems to me, rather, that in case his presence there incommoded the Austrian Consul, the latter, at the most, should have called upon the Austrian authorities to require his departure, and not, by an act of so outrageous and inhuman a nature, excite the in dignation of the inhabitants of Smyrna, and, I do not doubt it, also of the people of the United States. " Permit me, therefore, to intercede with your Ex cellency on behalf of M. Kossta, and to ask, if not out of the respect due for the Government of the Sultan, whose territory has been so grossly violated by the con duct of the Austrian Consul of Smyrna, at least out of regard for the Government to which he has pledged his allegiance, that your Excellency be pleased to give orders to the commander of the Hussar for his imme diate release, so that he may proceed to the United States. " I avail myself of the present opportunity of renew ing to your Excellency the assurances of my highest re spect and most distinguished consideration. " JOHN P. BROWN." To this letter the Austrian Minister returned the following answer : " M. BRUCK TO MR. BROWN. "Buyukclere, Monday, June 27. "Monsieur le Chargé d'Affaires,—By your favour of this day's date you have demanded the liberation of a certain Martin Kossta, arrested by order of the Consul- General of Austria at Smyrna on the 22d instant. " I can only attribute, sir, this intervention on your part to a mistake, as the individual in question is a native of Hungary, and has never ceased to be an Aus trian subject, as results from his declaration made in the presence of the Consul of the United States at Smyrna. His arrest consequently took place in virtue of the treaties which assure to my Government the full and entire inde pendence of its jurisdiction over all its subjects in Turkey. " You will easily understand, then, M. le Chargé d'Affaires, the absolute impossibility of complying with your request. " I beg you to receive the assurance of my high consi deration. "Blom "To Mr. Brown, Chargé d'Affaires of the United States of America." It will be observed that Mr. Bruck justifies the arrest of Kossta upon the ground that he had de clared himself a native Hungarian in the presence Shr. I Paid, 1 BLILWAYS. Bedford and Bletcbley. Birm. & Oxfd. guarantee.... Do. withoutgr Birm. Wolv. &I Dudley guar. Do.vrtht guar.l Buckghamsh. Clydesdale Jc. E. Lincoln gr. 6 per cent. GlstrAir Dn. Fr Hrtlpl. Dk. k Railway Hull & Selby Do. Shares. Do. Shares. Lon. & Greenw Do. Preference Lowestoft gr. 4 per cent. I Do. 6 per ct. Manch. Bxtn and Matlock Middlesbro' Redcar Midld.Bradfd. Northern and Easternsp. c. Do. 6 per ct. Do. Fixeds p e Prest. & Wyrej Do. Shares. Roystn.& Hit. Do. Shepth. St Shef. Roth .an d Gooleg. 5 p.c./ S. Staffordsh. Wear Valleygr 6 per cent Do IWilts&SomrstJ London & N. West. Gt.Westn ,Do i C DL ad l e N do . n W .: l (Gt.Nrthn. Gt. Westn lYk. New. & Berw. Y. & NMcl Do S. Eastern !Do !Norfolk.. L.& N. W. & Midi& 'Stekton & Darlingt. E. Count Do Do L. &N.W , &Ln&Yk Do , Gt Northn Do I Lancash& Yorksh. M.MCloan Stockt. & Darlingt Do IGtWestn. 103 - 105 51i -53 i 150 - 152 32 - 33 1 113 -- 114 56 -- 57 27i -28 i 14i -- 141- 26 -- 27 98 - 100 3 - 31 18 - 109 65 - 67 - 150 - 150 i d xd 311 321 ,102 -- 103 MINES. Agua Fria Anglo Austrin. Gold, Anglo Californian !Australasian Australian Australian Cordillera Australian Freehold Ave Maria Baden (Gd. Duchy of) British Austrin. Gold ,British Iron . Brazilian Imp. (issued at £5 pm Do. Cocaes & Cuiada Do. St. John Del Rey Carson's Creek Cobre Copper Colonial , Copiapo Copper MM. of Eng, Do. Pref. 7 p. cent, English and Austrin, Copper Smeltg. Co General Great Nugget Vein Do. Registered Great Polgooth Lake Bathurst 'Liberty 'Linares Lond.&Californ.Gold Quartz Crush. Co Mariquita Mexican&S.Americn New Granada Nouveau Monde Nova Scotia Mining and Copper Smeltg Port Philip Quartz Rock Rhymney Iron Do. New Santiago de Cuba South Australian ITin Croft, United Mexican ~ Waller West Granada West Mariposa Yuba' JOINT-STOI Australasia British N. American Chrtd. Bnk. of India, Australia, & China Colonial Commercial of Loud English Scottish and Australian I Loud. Chart. Bk. of Australia London and County London Joint Stock Lond. & Westminster London Bank of Aus tralia and India National of Ireland Oriental Bank of Corporation. Do. New !Provincial of Ireland IDo. New Royal Australn. Bkg. & Gold Imp Co South Australia Union of Australia Do. New Union of London.... Union of Madrid.... 1 d 1 32 i 32 id 44 10 i 64 - 21 - i - A -- lid dl id -- par 8A -- OA 1 Ad 1 ° 6 7 i d— par i— B P Id - --- 1 dp 4 1 id par 7 9 4 4i d d --- cdt BANKS. 79 - 80 i - ipl Par — i P 2i 3 p ... .-- . 5O -- 541 die— par 42 -- 44 694 -70 i, 8 -- 81 MISCELLA ',017S Australian Agricult. Australsn. Pcific. Mail Australn. Royal Mail Brit. Amorican Land Canada 34 - 36 65 - f- - e.'i Crystal Palace Crystal Pal. of France Eastern Steam Electric Te leg. of Ir Gen. Steam Navigat General Screw Steam Irish Beetroot Sugar Nat. Pat. Steam Fuel Netherlands Land Nrth. of Europe Steam Peninsular & Oriental Do. Do. Royal Mail Steam South Austral. Land Submar. Telegraph - .. Univeral Emigration and Colonization Van Diemen's Land - 2 pl - 1 p 1 =--- ia 36 38 M -- 17 MARKET NEWS-(THIS DAY.) COLONIAL. SUGAII.—The market is steady and a fair business has been done. Refined is in moderate request. Low to fine grocery lumps 46s to 48s 6d per cwt. The quantity of British Plantation landed last week at the East and West India Docks was 423 hhds 50 tierces 139 barrels, there were taken for home consumption 1,830 hills 199 tierces 683 barrels. The stock in the same places is 10,262 hhds 1,707 tierces 3,257 barrels. COFFEE.—This article is very firm, at stiff prices, for good colory sorts, with a large business doing in Planta tion Ceylon. Mocha has been in fair request also, and has had a good sale. Foreign is wanted. Rim—The quantity landed last week at the East and West India Docks was 195 puns. There were taken for home consumption 215 puns, 1 hhd, and exported 188 puns, 217 hhds. The stock in the same place is, 8,665 puns, 342 hhds. RlCE.—Bengal, 2,536 bags at auction were all taken in at 14s. for good. Madras, 4,026 bags, partly sold at 11s 3d for mid, the rest being taken in at lls 9d per cwt. SALTPETRE.-390 bags of Bengal, offered by auction, were taken in at 295, for good colour refraction 4i per cent. - -- __ SPICES. - Ginger 159 cases. Calicut at auction mostly sold at 52s for mid bold. ARROWROOT.-103 packages St. Vincent sold at 3id to 4A, and Brazil at 2Ad per lb. TALLOW.—P.Y.C. is 51s per cwt. on the spot, and 52s 9d. COTTON.—Prices are steady. TEA.—Not much is doing in black or green. HAY MARKETS. SMITHFIELD.—OId meadow hay, '4/ 4s to 51 56 ; new ditto, 21 lOs to 41 Os ; old clover, 51 Os to 61 Os ; new ditto, 31 lOs to 51 Os ; and straw, 118 s to 12 16s per load. A full average supply, and a sluggish demand. CUMBERLAND. — OId meadow hay, 414 s to Si 8s Od; new ditto, 2110 s -to 4/ 4s ; old clover, 5/ Os to 6/ Os ; new ditto, 3110 s to 5/ Os ; and straw, 118 s to. 1/ 16s per load. Supply tolerably good, and trade rather dull. WHITECHAPEL.—OId meadow hay, 4/ 4s to 5/ 5s ; new ditto, 2/ 10s to 4/ Os ; old clover, 51 Os to 61 Os ; new ditto, 3/ 10s to 5/ Os ; and straw, 1/ 86 to 1/ 16s per load. Trade dull. VACANCIES IN THE ORDER OE THE THISTLE.—There are no fewer than three ribbons of the " most ancient Order of the Thistle" vacant at the present time. These vacancies have been created by the successive deaths of the Marquis of Huntly, Earl . Brooke, and Lord S a lt oun , all within a brief interval. It is understood that the Earl of Haddington has already received the ribbon of the late Lord Huntly, and it is rumoured that the two other ribbons will be conferred on the Dukes of Argyll and Hamilton respectively. The probability, therefore, seems to be that the new knights, when duly nominated by her Majesty, will be installed at the same time. We would in these circumstances humbly suggest a revival of the ancient custom of performing the august ceremony in the Palace of Holyrood. Why not ? We need hardly mention that the Knights of St. Patrick are invariably installed in the Irish metropolis. Why, then, should the knights of our most ancient Scottish order not be in stalled in the capital of Scotland ? Such an act on the part of the Sovereign would be hailed with gratitude, as one of the most gracious and gratifying which could be conferred upon the nation.- -Edinburgh Evening Post. WHITING V. WATSON.—In our report of this case, by the omission ,of the word " not," the learned Secondary, Mr. Potter, was represented as saying that a post-office order was a legal tender, whereas he held that it was not. FRIENDLY SOCIETIES.—In virtue of an act passed at the close of the last session, friendly societies may now invest their funds otherwise than required by the Friendly Societies Act. Societies availing themselves of this act are not to invest any further portions of their funds with the National Debt Commissioners. Societies not having an account with the commissioners after the pausing of the act are not to invest their funds with the commissioners. lApi par; RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE, NORFOLK. The half-yearly general meeting of this company was held yesterday at the offices of the company, Guildhall buildings. Mr. Peto, M.P., presided. The report said—" The receipts and expenditure on revenue account, prepared by the Eastern Counties Com pany, shows a gross increase of receipts for this railway in the half-year of 7,8021. 3s. ld., as compared with the corresponding half-year of 1852 ; whilst the working ex penses are diminished by the sum of 8141. 13s. 6d. for the like period. The total traffic of the year amounts to 136,9741. 38. 11d., contrasted with 121,1811. 195., the revenue of the previous year. The directors are happy to say that this progressive increase of traffic still con tinues, there being an excess of 3,423 ss. sd. in the past seven weeks of the current half-year, over the receipts in the correspondinr, period of last year. The dividend declared by the Eastern Counties Company being at the rate of ss. per share of 201., the proprietors of the Nor folk Company are entitled to a dividend at the rate of 11. ss. per cent. for the half-year, on their consolidated stock, which will be paid on the 15th September next. The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report, said the capital account consisted of the following items : —Redemption of land tax, 1,3591. 4s. 4d. ; works of stations, 8341. 14s. ; surveying, 521. 10s. ; miscellaneous charges, 1091. 6s. 6d. ; parliamentary and law charges, 2,4231. ls. ; Lowestoft harbour account, 311. ss. 3d. ; making a total sum of 4,810/. Is. The increase of re ceipts had gone on steadily during the whole of the half year. For seven weeks, ending 21st August, 1853, the receipts amounted to 22,3691. 6s. 9d., and for the seven weeks ending August 22d, 1853, the receipts were 18,9461. ls. 4d., showing an i ncrease i n this year for the seven weeks of 3,423/. ss. sd. (Hear.) The large in crease had not been so much on passengers as on goods and merchandise, which was mainly arising from the developments caused by the opening of the ports, and the consequences resulting therefrom, as mentioned in the report. (Hear.) With regard to the Parliamentary proceedings, they had been checked by Mr. Cardwell's resolution, and what could be done in the next session must depend upon the future arrangements that were entered into between the three companies with which they were connected. They wished to have the sanc tion of the proprietors for the construction of a graving dock at Lowestoft, the cost of which would be 10,0001. The North of Europe Company were ready to lease it at a rental of 6 per cent., if such a course were considered desirable ; b u t the directors thought they should make such arrangements with the North of Europe Company as would remunerate the proprietors for the capital expended, and leave them the choice of e ith er se lli ng or l eas i ng it, as should appear most expedient for their interest and the convenience of the public. They endeavoured to assi milate as much as possible everything connected with their arrangements with the proceedings of the Eastern Counties Company ; and in the event of any proposition for entering into an arrangement hereafter, by way of amalgamation or perpetual union, there would be no thing, so far as they were concerned, to obstruct that arrangement. With regard to the close or termination of their agreement with the Eastern Counties Company in 1855, it was only necessary for him to say that the companies were on the most cordial footing. The direc tors would not in any important matter which would affect the permanent interests of the Company take any measures without calling together and consulting some of the largest proprietors. Ho still felt the confidence which he had expressed in the undertaking on assuming the chair, and he felt assured that what he had stated respecting it on former occasions had been more than fully and amply realised. (Hear, hear.) In reply to a Proprietor, the CHAIRMAN stated that the 10,0001. which it was proposed to lay out in Lowe stoft would be expended on a graving -dock for the ac commodation of vessels, and if they got six per cent. rental, while they could borrow money for its construc tion at four per cent., he thought it would be desirable to do so. The depth of water was 19ft. 6in, at low water, and 25ft. at high water. The CHAIRMAN, in — reply to a proprieto r , sa id as a proof of the opinion he entertained of their own under taking, he had only to say that if the proprietors under the terms of the act of Parliament, as they had the power of doing at the termination of the existing lease, would give him a lease of their line for seven years, he would give them the greatest amount of dividend the Eastern Counties Company had paid them, and security for 100,0001. Although he did not desire to enter into any arrangement of that kind, such was his opinion of the line, that the propietors might consider his offer as a valid one, though made for the purpose of showing his conviction that the line would produce a good return. A resolution was passed by which the balance sheet was declared to be approved of, and the report confirmed. A dividend of 11. ss. per share, as recommended by the report, was declared ; and it was also agreed that the interest on the guaranteed shares should be payable in future at the same period as the dividends on the con solidated stock, namely, on the 15th March and 15th September. A resolution was also passed authorising and confirm ing the forfeiture of 481 new 201. shares, and of 1101. 10/, shares, in consequence of the non-payment of calls, amounting in the aggregate to 7,7201. A vote of thanks was passed to the chairman and directors, and the meeting separated. NORTH AND SOUTH-WESTERN JUNCTION. The half-yearly meeting of this company was held yesterday at their offices, Parliament-street, West minster ; Mr. H. Tootal in the chair. The report said : "The directors announced in their last report that this line of railway was being used for goods traffic. They have now the satisfaction of stating that passenger traffic is also being conveyed over it. The necessary arrangements with the London and North-Western and London and South-Western Railway Companies for working a passenger traffic have been most anxiously considered, and urgently pressed on these two com panies by the directors. Time is required to divert the goods traffic from its accustomed route, and to perfect the arrangements for it s i nterchange between the two great companies, as well as for the establishment of coal depots, and for the conveyance of the large mineral traffic which has been and is still confidently expected to traverse this railway. For this reason, the revenue from these sources of traffi c has not yet amounted to the guaranteed sum of 2,250/, per annum. On the Ist of August the directors of the London and North- Western Railway Company consented to the passage of four passenger trains in each direction over their rail way between Camden Town and the Willesden Junction, and equitable terms were arranged between the London and North-Western Railway Companies and this com pany, for the payment of the working expenses and the division of the receipts. It is with great regret, how ever, that the directors are obliged to state that the London and South-Western Railway Company have not yet made arrangements for the conveyance of the passenger traffic of this line on their railway from the north and north-east of London. This is at present the subject of negotiation, which it is hopad will shortly be brought to a satisfactory conclusion. The directors have seen with satisfaction that a bill has received the Royal assent for constructing a railway from the north ern end of this line, by way of Kilburn and Hampstead, to the North London Railway at Camden Town, which will free the traffic of this line from any hindrance on the London and North - Western Railway. and will es pecially tend to develope largely the passenger traffic between the north, north-east, and east of London, and the western and south-western environs. The directors have also to report that the act for making a branch to Hammersmith has been obtained, and it is proposed to commence the works forthwith. The accounts showed the receipts to have been 67,6121. 9s. 7d., and the expenditure 63,0641. 17s. 4d., leaving a balance to the credit of the company of 4,447/. 12s. 3d. The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report, detailed the position of the company as described in that document. With respect to a dividend, it was not, they were aware, usual to declare one at the first meeting, after commencing business. There was, however, a small sum in hand which with the balance of the gua rantee would, he hoped, fructify, and be available for dividend next meeting. Mr. Creed seconded the motion. In reply to the question of a shareholder. adopted, e The CHAIRMAN stated th a t th e guarantee became due from the day on which the G overnment i nspector had declared the line fit for traffi c . H e had done so on the 27th of last November, so th a t t h ree -fourths of the 2,2501. The chairman and directors. report was a at present then e sen t due d t toedth,m and . the pro cee di ngs ter minated with a vote of thanks t o , an d confidence in, the op NEWPORT AND P RD bergavenny rsil will b e opened HEREOFrtO, A. e d or a ec y ft oo f r o bd r e t er, h aw e lh o w p e an e ynai hasns n ogbfl been e h I N dee e fio w fn e definitively fi xe d f or th li for traffic. The question of a site f or the H ere f ord sta tion has a length been settled, and i t ass been d ec id e d and 4t 4th The o ir f to place it on the south side of the Above Eigr, between that road and the Barton. Into this statio n the Shrews bury and Hereford line will run, and a large and hand some terminus, sufficient to meet the rants of both corn panics, will be erected. A through traffic, from the South of Wales to the Mersey and the North will soon be secured. Great exertions are being made tocomplete i the Shrewsbury and Hereford, n time for the Newport and Hereford ; and at the Barr's Colrt-end muc h ac tivity is being displayed. The Dinrcore tunnel is the heavy work now to be done. HEREFORD, ROSS, AND GLOUCESTER. We have before stated that this lin e i s i n f u ll tra ffi c as far as Hopebrook, six m iles from Ross, which dis tance is performed by omnibus. The line i s a s i ng l e one, upon the broad guage, 25 miles in length, and runs about eight miles in course of con ' into stfromru the tGiolno South o cp u er stethve prevent t Wales Th we os a pteet heavyl y e oGtpu;anntige tunnels, , of the whol e line. The Lea tunnel is 800 yards in length ; th e F aw l e y tunnel 530 yards. The latter is about four miles from Ross, and further on is the heavy one at Ballingham of 1,200 yards. The line crosses the river Wye at Eign, where the works are progressing. aa d the bridges and other works are in an advanced state. In a short time three lines will thus converge at Hereford. RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS. --"AnwAY.----Traffic re turn for the AND we S eke o n u a T in li g - E A A u S g T . E2II 7 N , 183 £22,032 4 7 Corresponding week last year 19,173 12 6 rn°N Increase in 1853 £2,858 12 1 LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTH COAST RAILWAY.— Traffic return for the week ending Aug. 27, 1853 £14,679 13 9 Corresponding week last. year 13,388 5 8 Total of the half-year to this .date, UM 142,131 19 2 Total of tho half year to this date, 1.852, „„, 126,652 2 0 all all all all all 100 call all all 13.5 24h all all 15 10 all 50 50 100 20 5 25 all 1 all 21 10 all a 1 a a 66 i Ireland. It may also be assumed that the present number of convicts in Ireland will not be materially increased ; and the following is given as an approximate estimate of numbers and expenses : Number of convicts, 5,250 ... £57,750 . . Abstract of the foregoing estimates of an assumed maxi mum unmber of 17,250 prisoners sentenced in Great Britain and Ireland. Gross estimate for 12,000 prisoners in England and at Gibraltar, Bermuda, and Western Australia £278,000 Gross estimate for 5,250 prisoners in Ireland 57,750 Estimate for transport services to Bermuda, Gibraltar, and Western Australia as before 11,000 Total estimated gross cost of 17,250 prisoners 346,750 Add estimated gross cost for 1,200 females ... 24,000 370,750 Deduct earnings of 12,000 prisoners at 121. per head as before £144,000 Deduct earnings of 5,250 prisoners In Ireland, at 51. per head Deduct earnings of 1,200 females at 4/. per head 26,250 - - 175,050 Total estimated net cost of 18,450 male and female prisoners £195,700 Distribution of the foregoing number of prisoners, and application of convict labour. It may be convenient that I should submit my views as to the distribution of this large number of men (17,250). The present establishments at home and at Gibraltar, Bermuda, and Western Australia, will accommodate, on the present footing, 16,126. The additional number to be provided for, therefore, only amounts to 1,124, which I should propose to place generally in the most advantageous position for the pro fitable application of their labour. With regard to the general locality of additional con vict prisons and their extent, much would depend upon the means that might exist for the profitable application of the prisoners' labour. On this point, which will be one of great importance in any change of system, I would beg leave again to submit the few observations which occur in my third report for 1849 : " There can be no question that if it be necessary from any cause to carry into effect probationary periods of discipline in this country, and that, in consequence, a body of 10,000 or 12,000 men are to be maintained by the Government, they ought to be usefully employed. It is a confiscation of labour in which the Crown has a vested interest. "This, as a matter of finance, will not in the opinion of some be regarded as the least of the questions to be considered, and by all will be acknowledged to be of some importance. " One of the objects at Portland is to show to what extent this can be done consistently with other and more paramount considerations, and when the system shall have been tested by experience, I hope, with the co-ope ration of the Admiralty and Ordnance authorities, to be enabled to render the labour in the dockyards and arsenals much more useful and valuable than it ever has been." The experience since gained at Portland has more than realised all my expectations. both as regards the moral improvement of the men and the amount of work executed. The ascertained value of the work performed by the convicts at that prison for the last four years has been as follows : 1849.. 1850.. 1851.. 1852.. £7,214 6 11 14,067 16 7 20,531 16 5 20,568 0 0 During the past year the earnings have nearly equalled the entire cost of the establishment, and there is no rea son to doubt that, wherever there exists the same facili ties of employment, a similar result will be obtained. I have carefully considered the subject, and am of opinion that, whenever the nature and extent of any work required the employment of from 500 to 800 men, for a period of five or six years, it would justify the erec tion of a removable prison, and the formation of a con vict establishment for the purpose of executing it. It is in this way that prisoners under long sentences might be employed t o th e greatest advantage. Harbours of refuge, fortifications, docks, &c., are the description of wor k s th e most suitable for the employ ment of convicts, from there being a large proportion which could be executed by unskilled labour. The works now in progress at the Holyhead and the Channel Islands are of that nature, and the large docks, recently executed at Portsmouth and Devonport, would have been well adapted for the purpose. The records of the public departments will, doubtless, show th a t th ere are many suc h wor k s o f ac k now l e d ge d importance in a national point of view, which have been deferred or objected to on the ground of expense; and if the Government be obliged to maintain the men, it be comes a matter of necessity, in order to carry out a sound system of penal and corrective discipline, that they should be usefully employed. "The third and last duty of a Sovereign," says Adam Smith, " is that of erecting and maintaining those public institutions and those public works, which, though they may be in the highest degree advantageous to a great society, are, however, of such a nature as that the profit could never repay the expense, and which it cannot, therefore, be expected that any individual should erect and maintain." It will be admitted that our insular position has ceased to afford the means of defence on which we for merly relied, and that where, in former days, our mer chantmen might ride safely at anchor, they would now be exposed to sudden and rapid incursions of hostile steamers. It will also be admitted that no adequate measures have yet been adopted for meeting a change of circumstances so disadvantageous to us as a nation. The relative position we formerly occupied can only be regained by a great addition to the standing army, or by the construction of such works as will place the force at command in the best position to resist an enemy. The improvement of our national defences, the erection of a large work between London and the south coast, and a harbour of refuge half way between Portsmouth and the Downs, to fulfil the same object as Portland, which occupies that position between Ports mouth and Plymouth, are of obvious and pressing p ortan cos. - These works alone, and others having similar objects, would furnish useful employment for many years, for all the labour that the convict department could spare, and with the assistance of one or two companies of Sappers, they might be executed with -but little further expense, excepting for materials. Prisons in Agricultural Districts. In the event of there being no public works, to which the labour of the prisoners could be devoted, with a view to promote the objects to which I have adverted, the less profitable application of it to agriculture might be resorted to. In such a case my general view would be to obtain two or more tracts of good land, in a dry and healthy locality, contiguous to a railway, and in such a situation as to be conveniently accessible from the more densely populated parts of the country, so as to reduce to a minimum the cost of the removal of prisoners. Penal Establishment for the worst classes of convicts. In considering the means necessary for giving effect to any change of system affecting the continuance of transportation, it is deserving of consideration whether it would not, in luau respects, be desirable to form a of the American Consul at Smyrna, but no refe rence is made by him to the papers of naturalisation held by M. Kossta. Hence Mr.'Brown replied in the following letter : "Its. BROWN TO M. BRUCK. " Legation of the United States of America, Constantinople, June 29. " Monsieur l'lnternonce,—l have just received the letter which you were so good as to write me, under date of the 27th of this month, on the subject of the in- dividual named Martin Kossta, arrested at Smyrna, on the 21st inst., by the Austrian Consul. "I am readily convinced sir, that the means adopted by the Au s t r i an Consul to e ff ec t t h e arres t o f th e sa id individual could not merit your approbation ; and also I do not feel myself at all called upon to express an opinion upon the right which you mention as possessed by your Government over all its own subjects n Turkey. "I cannot, however, deny myself the honour of once more addressing your Excellency for the purpose of re newing the official intercession which I havealready felt it my duty to make in behalf of this person ; and, so as to enable your Excellency to better appreciate the basis o o thenf my t declaration request, 3ist I have o f Juwlyh,i clh t s3l h 2 e : honour no renouncingos s u t r a t o m haadnhedi ats you allegianceo N u (inclosed) w n cl Yorko sl t o ) the Emperor of Austria,' and taking an oath of alle giance to the Government of the United States of America. "The right of expatriation and of naturalisation is re cognised, I Lelieve, by the Government of Austria as well as by other Governments ; and it seems to me that the arrest (witsout again mentioning the means which the Austrian Consul at Smyrna used to effect it) of the said Kossta, upon the neutral soil of Turkey, after the act of allegiance made by him, will be regarded by the Government of the United States as being not only a very painful violation of those same rights of naturalisa tion, but also, in consequence of my intercession, as a want of respect and regard towards my Government, of which the impression will be removed with difficulty. I would not leave your Excellency ignorant of the preced ing facts ; but rather, by communicating them to your Excellency, relieve myself of all the responsibility which the arrest of Kossta, and the consequences which may grow out of it, may leave in the mind of my Government and countrymen. " It was on presenting this declaration to the Consu late of the United States of America at Smyrna, and to this Legation, that the said Koista was furnished with a tezkerch' to come to Constantinople, and to return to "t o s resided for New in T Y u o r r ke k y under Since his Sm arrival Smyrna, w h at e nce Smyrnahe was he has th me e t p o ro b t e ec a ti b 'o l n e to of m sta y t G e o th ve a rn t h m is en, co t n a d n u tit has is a al p w leas ays ur b e ee t n o crime irre of which he is accused—leads him to declare proa irreproachable. His fidelity to his native land—the only him self always a Hungarian, and to state that he wishes even to meet hi s d ea th as such. "Your Excellency will pardon me if I thus renew my intercession in his favour. I beg your Excellency to be pleased to h ave hi m d e li vere d over t o th e l oca l authority of Smy rna, to be sent again to the United States. This act will be learnt by the President of the United States, I am confident with satisfaction, and prevent the painful and extraordinary news of his arrest being again the a t , h , l a b rt eg t o your reconcile Excellency ncile and to to curletcieviavtee.renewed cause of th e i nterruption of those friendly feelings be tween our r espect i ve countries which I sincerely have it of my high cons i deration, &c., assurances " JOHN P. BEowx." NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PORTSMOUTH, AUG. 29. The Edinburgh, 58, Captain Hewlett, got away from St. Helen's, under sail this morning, to pursue her cruise. The Highflyer, 21, screw, Captain Moore, left Spit. head early this morning, to seek and join Commodore Martin's division of the Channel Fleet. The Vesuvius, 6, paddle steam-sloop, Commander Powell, left Spithead this morning for Gibraltar, to re. lieve the Cruizer, 14, Commander the Hon. E. H. Douglas. The:Fire Queen steam-yacht, Master-Commander Paul, went out of harbour to Ryde this morning, and left that place at 11 o'clock for Southampton with the Prussian ensign flying. Major-General Simpson, the Lieutenant-Governor, being on leave, the command of Portsmouth garrison and south-west district devolves upon Colonel Comman dant Menzies, K.H., aid e -d e - camp to t h e Queen. The Sprightly steam-vessel, Mr. George Allen, acting master, R.N., com man di ng, l eft port for Cowes last even ing, and embarked the Right Hon. Sir James Graham, First Lord of the Admiralty, for Southampton, en route to London, this morning, after which she returned to port and left again at 5 this evening-, with the Fanny, Port- Admiral's yacht, in tow, having Vice-Admiral Sir Thos. Cochrane's flag flying, Sir Thomas being on a trip for Torquay. The Antelope, 3, iron paddle, Lieutenant Commander Young, will haul out of the steam-basin dock on Wed nesday, her internal arrangements for accommodation having undergone considerable improvement. Her being rigged as a brig shows her rakish-looking hull to great advantage. The new signals, under the direction of Captain Jer ningham, have been practised to-day from the dockyard semaphore to a flag-staff fixed on Ashy-down, Isle of \\Tight, and with the greatest possible success. The distance is nine miles, but the signalling would have answered at 20 miles. The facility of working and read ing off was admirably managed; and its simplicity and effectiveness must bring it into general use. The gale which has been so furiously blowing on this coast since Thursday lulled in the night, and this morn ing a dead calm ensued, with not a ripple visible on the water. This evening, however, the wind has risen and seems freshening for another gale. PEMBROKE, AuG. 29. An official inquiry has been instituted at Pembroke into the cause of the late failure in the launch of the Caesar, the committee of investigation being formed of Sir Baldwin Walker, the Surveyor of the Navy Mr. Isaac Watts, Assistant Surveyor ; Mr. Abethell, Master Shipwright of Portsmouth Dockyard ; and Mr. Edye, Master Shipwright of Devonport Dock yard. The real cause of the mishap for a long time remained obscure, but there is not now any , doubt concerning the origin of the untoward and unfor tunate event. The disaster appears to have been caused by a sufficient depth of water not being obtained when the launch took place, in consequence of which the bilge ways stuck in the mud, and all the efforts made, and the immense force brought to bear, to force the ship into the water, only served to fix her more firmly in the bed. The water around was not of sufficient depth to take the weight of the after body of the vessel from off the bilge ways, and thus allow her after,-part to float. The use, in the formation of the lower part of the ways, of fir wood, in lieu, as customary, of sound Dantzic oak, it is considered also contributed to the accident, the conse quence being that the ship did not so easily glide over these planks, and before the stern could be lifted by the buoyancy of the water, the unusual friction and traction had aided in the stoppage of the vessel. It has been remarked that she started and passed down the slip at first with great velocity, and with a speed apparently capable of overcoming every obstacle. In consequence of a much greater declivity being given at some of the other dockyards, fir planks are occasionally used for carrying out the ways, but at Pembroke this was never before attempted. The condition of the ship is considered to be much better than was anticipated, when the very dangerous ay is o ff takenthe e ways into consideration.wh when sheap peared position One-third o o f g w g l h i e e i d c r , and h lensie thbent lay , but on floating, the strain was taken off, and she returned to her normal lines. The leakage was also very trifling, thus affording proof of the immensely strong and perfect manner in which our ships of war are put together. To be " hogged" three feet out of build and then to recover the original shear is a most convincing testimony of strength of build. As a proof of the immense strain, we may men tion that the copper bolts, by which the iron knees were fastened, were cut clean off by the iron work. Some of the fastenings and a portion of the diagonal framing has been much strained, and will require additions and re fastenings, and she will likewise have to undergo a tho rough recaulking, The Captain - Superintendent, Sir Thomas Pasley, has issued a minute, which speaks in terms of the highest satisfaction of the conduct of both officers and men on the trying occasion ; and Sir Thomas records his un qualified approbation of their conduct, which he has reported in most favourable terms to the Lords of the Admiralty. SHEERNESS, Ana. 27. The Miranda, 14 guns, screw steam-sloop, is taken into No. 3 dock. The Netherlands ship Jan Hendrick, having been previously put out with temporary repairs, remains in the fitting basin waiting the spring tides, to enable the caisson to be lifted, when she will proceed by steam-tug, to Snook's dock, LimehQnse, London, for permanent repairs, the Admiralty having refused to complete her repairs at this yard. The Dolphin, 3, brigantine, Lieutenant-Co mmander Webber, is progressing smartly in her equipment. Four seamen gunners and one A. B. have joined her from the Excellent gunnery-ship at Portsmouth. To-day his Royal Highness the prince of Prussia, Ad miral of the Prussian fleet, attended by his Flag Captain, made a private visit to the dockyard. They entered by the Admiral's private gate, and his Highness was con ducted through the yard by the Captain-Superintendent, Charles Hope, R.N. His Royal Highness left here by the Medway steam-packet at 4 . 30 p.m- this day, an d on leaving the pier a large number of the inhabitants and visitors gave his Royal Highness three hearty English cheers, which were repeated, with one cheer more, for the Prince of Prussia. WOOLWICH, Aro. 29. APPOINTMENTS. Captain Edmund Ileathcote (1852), who recently commanded the Highfiyer screw steam-sloop, is ap pointed to study steam at the factory at Woolwich Dockyard. Lieutenants.—Frederick A. B. Cranford (1843), to the Royal Naval College ; J. F. Ross (1846), to the Strom boll paddle-wheel steam-sloop at Portsmouth. Assistant-Surgeon James N. Dick (1853), to the President, 50, at Chatham, for service on the Pacific station. Midshipman J. H. Spalding to the Victory flag-ship at Portsmouth. The Cyclops steam•frigate, in charge of Mr. Pope, Assistant Master Attendant at Sheerness Dockyar d , was taken out of the basin here this morning, and left imme diately for Sheerness, having on board a portion of the machizory of the Crew, 80, fitting at that port. rs— )ent ; a king; read ; gh Me, 123 126 St. St. L 0.61 10 20 20 20 50 25 100 St. 100 all 33 100 100 100 100 100 263 13A 20 20 50 6i all 100 all 11 100 14 8i 18i 50 38 - 2 4 1 - _ . 9i i A 14? 9 180. 51 13a i 1131 1161 1031 25 21 71 35i i 28i i 12i St. St. 25