The Sun. — London, England, 1853-03-21 00:00:00

1 1 .1 1E FRENCH EMPIRE. 4 _ -V Te find the following in the Union on the in "v•rc'sting and always popular subject of liberty : " What is the use of disputing about liberty ? Liberty r :ehti - ye speak of civil or political liberty—is somethin g ve, and cannot be either judged or defines without takin g into consideration the habits and wants of each Pe . ople and eac h p er i o d. How, therefo re, can the liberty .ef one period be compared to the ifoerty of another ? Liberty is not an abstraction, is 'not an absolute idea, and is not subordinate to inflexfOle conditions or forms. was France in 1789 free ? Certainly not, if liberty is What was seen in 1791. or 1793, and afterwards in 1797, and again in 1801, or in 1804, or in 1851, or, if one likes It better, i n 1848, or , i n fi ne , i n 1851 . S t ill more , h as ''ranee ever been free ? No, if h er lib er ty b e co mpared' to, that o f a ll o th er St ates, f rom G reece to t h e United States. But ask the same question of any people what ever, and you will inevitably have the same reply. The liberty of Sparta was not that of Athens ; far from it ! The liberty of the Cretans had nothing in common With that of the Sicilians or Carthagenians. And what Was the liberty of Rome ? A dominating Senate, patri cians masters of the people, a perpetuity of empire u nder the name of c ustoms of their ancestors, and t hen 30,000 or 40,000 c iti zen s with 300,000 slaves. that the veritable and unchangeable type of 1 rt ' be ? For a century, English liberty has been made the universal model of all constitutions to be establishes'. what is that liberty ? Could we support the most feeble bur cation of it ? The Charter of 1814 was at most a Ps Indy of it. English liberty is a classification of society with a landed aristocracy at the top armed with political privileges. Just attempt to propose something similar to that in France, broken up as it is into little morsels Tr land, to that scattered democracy, ricketty but haughty, extenuated but sovereign. It would break 'everything to pieces rather than subject itself to a pri 'ileged class of that kind. How chimerical, therefore, 18 it to attempt to render liberty subordinate to certain t YPleal and preconceived forms, according to which per sons would deem themselves entitled to affirm that one Peopl e is free, and that another is not ! At most it can be declared that there are institutions in themselves More in conformity with the natural right of defence or of protection in a political society ; but in that nothi ng e" absolute, The institutions of the middle a g e were 'not without connection with that right of kinds. defe nce, but they were themselves of very different The communal constitution of France was tot thre as that in Italy, or in Flanders, or in Spain ; and y e t it was ever y w h ere th e real basis of liberty. To speak only of France, it is an historical truth that .her liberty followed infinite variations with out any one being able to affirm that it ceased to exist. The establishments of St. Louis were establishments of liberty, and the ordonnances of Louis XIV., even in their despotic form, were a new modification of enfran- Thisement. To deny this would be to fall into the ;gnorance and silliness of liberalism ; parties, since 1825, have had time to learn a little history. Does it follow that the new times ought to bring back the old forms of his ? To all appe a ran c e n o one h as an y such idea in 'us mind. It is sufficient to know that each period, in Spite of constraints or resistances, produces its liberty With its most natural forms. And it is of no use abus ;lig the old Weerty, for no oiie can say if the new will be t i .etter. Po s t eri t y a l one h as a r i g ht to d ec id e the point. Let us tlw.n leave aside 'B9, and let us not be proud ! v e would no t cer t a i n l y suppor t w h a t th en rem ained of feudal right ; let us not boast to have supported the s Zunt of revolutionary impost levied on us. Each has its acts of servitude even in liberty, and the i ;r 6 g ztablished society is that which in submission is wa. 7B the most certain or its dignity." L"rd Stratford de Redcliffe, English Ambas 884c)r a t C ons t an tinople, who h as b een passing 8 c o ls b-le days at Paris, has left for Vienna, on his way t his post. From Vienna he will proceed to -leste, where a steam-frigate is waiting to receive • M. de Bourquency, and M. Delacour, French A mbassadors at Vienna and Constantinople, have also left for their respective destinations. tr The Moniteur contains the official promulgation 'the treaty of commerce and navigation concluded ?etween France and Fuscany, and which will come 1 . 4 to operation on the 10th of April next. A commission has just been appointed to exa -441.31.p e whether the special exercises of the Chasseurs 1 1. i Vincennes cannot be applied to the French in fantry in general. The Senate met yesterday for the reception of t 46 senators nominated by the decrees of the 9th February and the 4th and Bth of March. They t ook the oaths, and the Senate then occupied itself 'ith the 23 bills adopted by the Legislative Body. The Journal des Chemins de Fer says—" The W orks on the Bordeaux Railway, near An g ouleme and Poitiers, are urged on at present with great _,.itetivity. Hopes are entertained that the whole ..,..'lstance from Paris to Bordeaux may be run over rvards • July 15, and that the Emperor and the t ,'":spress will inaugurate the section from Poitiers W hich is on their journey to Eaux-Bonnes, kyttich is to take place about that period. The rrlea ns Company will open the section from Nevers Moulins Mo r in the first fortnight of May, and that A. ""ta Moulins to Varennes-sur-Allier in about six leeks after, which will carry the railway close to vichy." , The Monitcur publishes a decree by which ores of all kinds except sulphur are exempt from duty when imported by French vessels, and subject to the payment of lfr. per 100 kilos. by foreign ves iels. Liquorice root, imported by French vessels, le_also exempt from dut y , and char g ed 2fr. p er 100 kilos. by foreign vessels or by land. The cold on Saturday was severe. The thermo meter of M. Cheva lier stood, at six o'clock in the roomi ng , at 4 deg. 9-10ths centigrade (24 Fahren tlit), an d at noon at 1 deg. 4-10th s centigrade (29f ahrenheit) below the freezin. g point. M. Michel de Bourges, one of the leaders of two troa-Republican party, die d at Montpellier w Ye ago. Yesterday the Emperor g ave p rivate audiences to Monseigneur Garribaldi, the Popes .Nuncio, and +.7M. de Hubner, the Austrian ry presented the an swers to the notification peror's marriage.Plisteri of the The Debats declares that the English fleet was sent for by Colonel-Rose spontaneously, and not at the request of the Porte. Madame do Montijo left Paris for Madrid. A leading Nantes journal, the Union Bretann e, S tates that it is 'the resolve of the Pope to Tim -11?-ence his journey to France early in May, where 410 intends remaining for about two m onths. The Emperor has ordered an opera to be pre pared in honour of his appr oac hi ng coronation, to be called The Coronation of Charles the Seventh. The conflicting reports which have agitated the Bourse for the last few days, have not tended to wise the drooping prices of our late quotatio ns. 411 e, Three per Cents. have experienced a decline ,of 50c. for cash, and 95c. for the account ; th e - ;,, s uur-and-a-Half per Cents. (cash), sc. lower, and tie. ditto for the account. The depreciation of flank Stock amounts to 25f. The following are the test 'quotations :—Three per Cents. (cash), 79f. t 'Oc. ; ditto, for the account, 79f. 40c. ; Four-an a half per Cents. (cash), 103 f. 25c. ; ditto, for the account, fo3f. ; Bank Stock, 2,700. At the Casino yesterday the French Three per Cents. were at first constantly offered, and declined t ° 76f. 70c. Afterwards, some purchases having been made a reaction took place, and the last price Was 77f. 80e. SPAIN. ,M. Llorente, the Spanish Minister of Finance, has just concluded a loan of more than 500 millions ;If reals (more than 125 millions of francs) with the house of Baring, of London. This sum is intended to pay off the floating debt, which will be replaced by perpetual debt. The conditions of this loan are very favourable to Spain, which has never been able hitherto to obtain money but at an interest of 10 12, a nd even 15 per cent. per annum. This loan has been effected at 7 per cent. M. Sala ti?-anca, who seconded M. Llorente in this negotia tion, has just left Lon don on his return to Madrid, 'la Paris. The affair will be immediately sub tnitted to the approbation of the Cortes. A good deal of rain had fallen in Madrid. The following are the prices of stocks :—Three ter Cents., 48 3 ; ditto Deferred, 24/ ; Redeemable iiebt, first class, 11; ditto, second ditto, 5/ ; Con - 1 )0 4 Certificates, 6. Exchange on London, 51. ITALY. A. letter from Florence, of the 13th, in the -rariam,ento, of. Turin, s t a tes that the public prose cutor has called upon the Court to declare Guer l'azzi, Petracchi, Romanelli, P an tanelli, and Ca- Pocchi guilty of high treason. The sittings of ,the Court have been resumed. The judicial authori ties have since passed sentence of perpetual impri 40ument upon Guerazzi. In its sitting of the 15th the Senate of Turin Passed the Submarine Spezia and Cagliari Telegraph Bill. Electric The Giornale di Roma publishes the Latin ora nu held by the Pope in the consistory of the 7th, ' 4l Which, among other matters, his Holiness des ?..ants on the pastoral virtues of ? the Archbishop of iu9urs adding that he has been induced to promote ' ll3ll to the dignity of Cardinal, as well oR account of his virtues, as also because His Holiness was fil lre to give great satisfaction thereby to " his t he French son in Christ, Napoleon, Emperor of French (Charissimo in Christo filio nostro Ha- PO Boni, Franeum Imperatori)," since he himself h ad warmly advocated (vehementer petietit) that no mination. The deputation from the Lombard provinces, which l is to proceed to Vienna to congratulate the Z.pperor upon his providential escape, is composed the Archbishop of Milan, the Bishops of Pavia a nd Como, &c. A proclamation, by General Count Hoyos, corn .,7,44lclant of Ancona, prohibits every assemblage of ore than five persons, under whatever pretence, after..s sunset is announced by the evening gun. rascal Marchetti 21 years of age, has been shot, having been found guilty of carrying a revolving pistol. The hiding-place of Signor Mazzini is still an enigma. All search has proved abortive. Many think that he is at Milan. It is, however, very doubtful if he ever ventured so far within reach of the imperial clutches. Baron Rothschild, after having concluded the Three per Cent. Sardinian Loan at 70, has left for Rome. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 21, 185 a GERMANY. The Minister of Police at Vienna has revived the decree, published at the time of the Haynau affair in England, against English travellers in Austria. The Austrian Ambassador has addressed to the President of the Confederation, a written reply, which persists in all the accusations already brought against Tesino, but without any proofs to support them. The Prussian Gazette states that Lord Westmore land had presented an official note to the Austrian Ministry from the English Cabinet, containing a formal expression of their intention rigorously to suppress any conspiracy fomented by foreign refu gees against the continental powers. This paper adds, that Austria is rapidly preparing the neces sary documents for the legal prosecution of the proscribed by the British court. The Emperor of Austria held a grand reception at Vienna on the 13th ; all the ,foreign ambassa dors were present. The physicians of the Emperor who attended him after the attempt to assasinate him, MM. Seeburger and de Wattman, have re ceived distinctions ; the first has received the Cross of the Order of Leopold, and the second has been made an Aulic councillor and a baron. A letter from Vienna, of the 14th, states that both General Haynau and the Archbishop of Vienna, whose death has been announced, died on the same night of apoplexy. The Archbishop had been at the head of the clergy of Vienna for 21 years, and was distinguished for his literary ac quirements, He was 76 years of age. Haynau was in his 67th year, and was on the point of receiving a new command in Italy. The man who did so much to repress the revolution was cut down himself on the famous 13th of March, the anniversary of its breaking out. The Papal Nuncio at Vienna and the Primate of Hungary have been raised to the dignity of Cardinal. Count Leiningen, the successful envoy, has re turned to his post at Cracow, where he is governor. On the 6th inst. the Russian and Austrian com missaries returned to Cattaro from Podgarizza. The Turks had retired from Montenegro, but Omer Pacha still kept a garrison at Spuz and Podgarizza, while he himself had his camp at Skutari. All hostages and prisoners taken by the Tttrks were to be given up ; and, on the other hand, the guns seized by the Montenegrins at Godine and Zablak were to be restored to their former proprietors. Omer Pacha's request that the inhabitants of Spuz and the surrounding district should be allowed to continue their field labours unmolested, was well received by the two commissaries, who caused mea sures to be taken for their protection. We read in 'the Voss Gazette :—" The federal contingent is one per cent. of the population, in conformity with the Convention of 1818, 1819, and 1820. At that period the total population of the States of the Confederation was 30 millions ; it is now 43 millions. The federal army is, therefore, 300,000 strong, or rather less than one per cent. of the population, divided in the following manner : Austria, 94,000 men ; Prussia, 79,000 • Bavaria, 35,000 ; Wurtemburg and Hanover, 13,000 ; Sax ony, 12,000 ; Baden, 10,000 ; making a total of 243,000. The other 57,000 are divided among the other States, and form contingents, varying from - a maximum of 6,000, which is for the Grand Duchy of Hesse, and a minimum of 55 for the principality Lichstenstein." TURKEY. Accounts from Constantinople to the sth by way of Marseilles, and to the Bth by way of Vienna, have arrived. They dwell principally on the mis sion of the Russian Minister of Marine, General Prince Menschikoff, and are of considerable interest and importance. The object of the General appears to have been to show more hauteur to the Turkish Government, and in a more public manner, t:ian Count de Leiningen, the Austrian Envoy, dis played. Before embarking at Odessa, he passed a review of the Russian fleet in the Black Sea, and _ • of the corps of disembarkation which Russia has kept on a war footing in the port of Sebastopol since 1833. Twenty-seven vessels of war—ships of the line, frigates, or large steamers—and 30,00 soldiers, were assembled on this occasion ; and the greatest eclat possible was given to the review with, it is supposed, the view of causing it to be known at Constantinople. The General then proceeded to Constantinople on board the Russian war-steamer the Foudroyant, and ar rived in that city on the 28th February. He was accompanied by Count Dimitri Ncsselrode as secretary, by two generals, one of them Gen- :al Nipocatscinski, commander-in-chief of tie sth corps d'armee, by two admirals, ore of them Vice- Admiral Corniloff, commanding the naval fofce2 in the Black Sea, by two colonels and two lieutc-2ant .. colonels as aides-de-camp, and five captnins as orderly officers. Since the celebrated e n;Ja..v o:: Koutousoff at the end of the last century, no mis sion of the kind has been seen at Constantinople. Prince Menschikoff and his suite received, on disembarking at Topkhane, by all the employes of the Russian Embassy, and by between 6,000 and 8,000 Russian subjects or membcrs of the Grcek religion ; and he was escorted by them with great po np to his hotel. On the 2d March, the Prince went to the Porte to pay a visit to the Gram: Vizier ; but, contrary to all usages, he did not ap pear in the unifo:in of his grade, but in plain clothes. What took place in the interview is not precisely known ; but what is certain is, that when on taking his leave the Grand Vizier invited him, in conformity with the diplomatic usage at Constantinople, to pay a visit to the Minister ofForeign Affairs, Fuad Effendi, who was waiting to receive him, he replied in a very loud and very disdainful tone, and before several witnesses, that he would not see that ministei., as his Government, and especially its accree;: -d mi nister at Constantinople, M. Ozeroff, h?d to re proach him with several breaches of faith. In con sequence of this Fuad Effendi gave in his resignation. It is said in one of the letters from Constantinople that the demands made by Prince Menschikoff on the Grand Vizier, and supported by this demon stration, were not less offensive to the Porte than the remarks on one of its It was said amongst other things (but this statement must be received with doubt) that the Prince demanded, in the name of his Government, that the Emperor of Russia should henceforth be officially recognised as the protector of the Greek Christians, subjects of Turkey, as France has been for some centuries of the Catholics in the Levant ; and that of the Patriarch of Constantinople should hence- the forth be made by th e Greeks, and confirmed by Emperor of Russia, to the exclusion of the Sultan, who at present has the right of nomination and investiture. The day after this interview Fuad Effendi was replaced (as already announced) by Rifaat Pacha, who had been no minated ambassador at Vienna, and who is considered one of the chiefs of what is called the Austrian party at Constanti nople. The ministers held a council the same day, and put themselve s i n communication with the foreign diplomatic body. On the 4th March, either on the solicitation of the Divan, or spontaneously, the English charge . d'aff a i res C o lonel Rose, accord ing to another letter fr om Constantinople, ropo_sed to send a steamer to Admi ra l D un das, commanding the English fleet in the da then n e n a e t s w Malta, ith h invitingis fleet. . h T i h m The said, at first accepted ; but to ' approach the Da is r ouptrhopeo6stihtioint s w e a em s, e i d t to be set aside. On the Bth, however, the English from dispatches C o lo n e t l o Rose s e f f r o w r a A r d cl e m d i ra to l vessel the Wasp was sent off to and with es and smaller -of- t w i a f r oi a r n ou d m a sta do n z e e e n s s f h r o ig u a ld n t London via Mar seilles. The fleet of Anmiral Du require, it can Dundas consists of DLaulntackswi,th a letter a v ix esse m ls e ; n easily lhylee ttearri val doubled. fro mo fConstantinople specialof th r the ambassador,stt sth s ays : the Russian Prince Mentschikoff, has excited g sensation here, and he is said to be the bearer of an ultima tum from the Emperor of Russia, which will admit P by of no modification. He is accom aried General-in-Chief of the Russian army in Bessarabia, the a nd the admiral commanding the Russian fleet at Sebastopol, who are placed under his orders,d will, in the event of the Porte refusing to comply and will, w ith the demands of Russia, return to their posts and commence operations. What these demands are has not transpired officially. Report says that the Emperor of Russia insists, among other things, on a revision of the decision relative to the Holy Places, on the cession of a tract of territory of 134 square miles near Ararat, and the recognition of the independence of the Montenegrins." A Belgian paper publishes a telegraphic dispatch from Marseilles, dated Thursday evening, to the following; effect : "The English steamer Caradoc has just arrived from Constantinople. It brings the intelligence that Prince Menschikoff does not regard as sufficient satisfaction the dismissal of the Turkish Minister of War. He has pre sented an ultimatum, which the Divan has refused. The Sultan has invoked the immediate help of France and England. The fleet of Sebastopol was ready to start for the Bo3phorus." The Patric of Paris , says :—" A report was spread to-day at the Bo urse that the English fleet was at the mouth of the Dardanelles. This news is false. We think we can affirm that if the Eng lish squadron of evolutions should quit Malta, where it now is, it will only be to return to the lonian Islands." The Moniteur, of Paris, announces that the French squadron now at Toulon has received orders to leave that port and proceed to the Greek waters. The arrangements for the establishment of a new Bank at Constantinople were proceeding very satisfactorily. Ten of the principal bankers and merchants of the city—eight of them Arme nians, and two Europeans—are to be the founders of the bank. These gentlemen are MM. Miran and Boghos Duz, Abraham Alaverdi, Ovanes Tinghir, Bedros Yaglisian, Diran, Psichari, J. B. Belisigdji, David Glavany, and Hanson. They have adopted a scheme drawn up by a Mr. Stanley, representative of some important London houses. It was said that a Frenchman, M. Trouve-Chauvel, at one time Minister of Finance under the Provi sional Government, was to be at the head of the bank ; but it appears that he had only been con sulted about it. The capital necessary for the operations 'of the bank is to consist of five-tenths supplied by the founders, two-tenths by the Go vernment, and the remaining three by means of shares. The principal object of the institution is to restore public credit, by replacing, within a given period, all the bad money which has only a nominal value by good, and by reimbursing at par and on demand the paper-money of the Govern ment, which is to continue in circulation. The agio on exchanges arising from the difference be tween good and bad money will cease to exist when the latter shall be no longer in circulation, and the Government will thus economise the enormous sac rifices which it has had to submit to of late years, in order to maintain the exchange at a reasonable rate, and which have been the principal cause of its pecuniary embarrassments. The bank will have its paper accepted by the first houses of London, Paris, and Vienna ; and to facilitate transactions, it will issue a certain amount of notes payable to bearer. The bye-laws drawn up by the founders have to be submitted to the Government before they can be published. They propose, amongst other things, to subject its operations to the surveillance of a com mission nominated by the Porte, and to publish an account of them annually.—The Sultan has granted a large piece of ground for a cemetery for Christians of all communions, and it was said that he would even pay the expense of building a wall around it. 50 161 St. 20 The Afoniteur of yesterday confirms the report that the French fleet is about to sail for the Levant. It is said the instructions given to the admiral are that he is to cruize off the coast of Asia Minor, and not to approach near to the Dardanelles without further orders. As regards the settlement of the question between Turkey and Russia, it is very doubtful if the orders given to the two fleets will have much influence. The belief of the French Government is that the whole question will have been settled before the Porte can be aware of the approaches of these forces. It is said Russia de mands that the Emperor shall be acknowledged head of all the Christian population in the Turkish dominions, or, in other words, of nearly one half of the population of Turkey in Europe. She demands, moreover, that the Greek Patriarch at Constantinople shall, after being elected by the faithful, be confirmed by the Emperor of Russia as head of the Greek Church ; and lastly, that the protectorate of the Holy Places shall be conceded to Russia, to the full extent of her de mands. It is evident that if these concessions be made, the power of the Sultan over the Christian population will henceforth be little more than nominal. The Czar will be the actual sovereign of Turkey in Europe. A few years since any one who would have ventured to predict that England and France would allow such terms to be forced upon Turkey would have been laughed at ; but the opinion here certainly is that they will not only be conceded, but that, oh the part of France at least, there will hardly be a remonstrance on the subject. The accounts received in Paris yesterday did not add much to the information on the affairs of the East. The organs of the French Govern ment persist in saying that Colonel Rose sent for the English fleet spontaneously, and not at the solicitation of the Turkish Government. The only object of the papers which make this as sertion. seems to be to save the c:movr propre of France. If Turkey appealed to tl'e protection of England alone, and demanded the presence of her fleet, why should France send her Peet without any such solicitation ? This question being rather an awkward one, the French Minis terial journals find no better means of getting ove: the difficulty than by saying that both fleets are sent without any solicitation on the part of the Turk. The following article from the Pays of yes terday, though written with great care, is entirely in that sense : " In accepting, in its textual terms and as completely true, the dispatch which has caused so much excitement, it would only state one thing—that the English fleet, at the solicitation of the Tiirkish Government, would draw near the spot where more or less important diplomatic questions were about to be agitated, and that, instead of remaining at Malta, it would anchor in the waters of the Archipelago. A fact of great impoi Lance in our eyes would result from this ; it is the accord which would thus exist between England and Turkey. The Turkk h Ministly would in a measure have placed itself under the protection of British diplomacy, and that protection would not have been refused to it. Certain persons find threatening eventualities in this fact ; we, on the con trary, see in it the most serious guarantees for the main tenance of. peace, and of a conciliatory solution. If Turkey were isolated, or abandoned, without strength, and without counterpoise to all the greedy ambi tions which agitate around her—if no one took up her defence, and-if no power protected her rights—then there might be perhaps reason to fear violent enterprises, which might in a moment compromise the balance of power in Europe. But such is not the case. Turkey is, besides A more vigorously organised than is generally stated, and the new effort which she has just made to reconstitute a new bank on solid bases, proves that her financial resources are in a better state than has been pretended. The support which she appears to find in British intervention is a poweiXal counterpoise to the force which acts on her or the other side. England wishes for peace, and it is evident to every impartial mind that it is only by diplomatic means that all the dif ficulties will be solved. Besides, it is not yet clear to any one what is the real character of the difficulties, and the positive object of the mission of General Mentschikoff. Doubtless, the high rank of this pleni potentiary, the considerable perso.inel of his legation, and the hauteur with which he is said to have carried himself towards certain members of the Turkish Go vernment—his ostentatious reNiew of the Russian fleet in the Black Sea, before his departure from Odessa—all announce that Russia attaches great importance to the success of this mission. We repeat that we are ignorant of the cha - s et.,:,er of the instructions of the Russian pleni potentiary, but we do not think that the present diffi culty exceeds the limits of a question of influence and of protectorate over cet taro of the inhabitants of Turkey. Austria has, it is said, obtained by the mission of Count de Leiningen certain advantages which, it cannot be dis sembled, increase her authority in the eyes of the inha bitants of Bosnia, Montenegro, and the Herze ,, .owire. Russia will, not remain in the background. She hopes to obtain in her turn some new conceEsions of a nature to increase her moral influence in the Ottoman Empire. We are convinced that in spite of the pompous appear ance of the mission of General Mentschikoff, it does not bear on any tei torial question of a nature to give rise to any threatening casus t;elii. Rucsia, knows as well as the other Powers interested that the dismember ment of Turkey would compel a remodelling of the chart of the balance of power in Europe in the midst of perils and commotions ; and not more than the other great states is she disposed to stake the peace of the world and the future state of society in this terrible game. The policy of Russia in this respect is well known. That vague hopes in the future may excite her ambition, and point out Constantinople al the definitive object of g. nor one her dreams , m a y be conceived ; but it would be madn ess to suppose that she can think that the moment is now arrived to atte m p t such a decisiv e b l ow. The question o f the East will b e once more settled by the habitual prudence and skill of negotiators. The attitude which has been already as sumed b y En g land is a g uarantee for it. In order to make the q uestion assume an y more formid a ble appearance, one of the Powers interested raUS. dare to violate a pat tof the Ottoman territory, 0 nn ? Whoeut neutrality o will hfawv have which are s o courage importanttop atto t o t such Is it that Russia is on the point of takingEorintegrity e nop le? Is o E f t n h g o la se nd oki ab lf o o u l t fi t o o a i n n o v iro a e de Egypt? w so Not a statesman, imp an ently aggro" pion the European n peace's t an and t a an example of a thoughtless panic , can Let us then reduce this agitating question to its real prof of Lions. The pretensions of Russia rud s et t and the partition of Turkey. They have, however , sagitated the Ottoman Divan, fiches, it is said to have can only be confined to demands o e f o. a secondary nature; they cannot imply the di and, if we may believe the dispatches, ee t t o w have ould thought that the proximity of sought from England a counterp oise and a support in the negotiations which are about to be opened. English t diplomacy, with its habitual prudence, Benc e ;it i i s sai sh fleet d give more weight to its intervention. Such are the facts, looked at coolly and truly. Between u the preten sionS of Russia and the protection of England, what ought to be the conduct of France ? That is what we shall have to judge of. At the present time, however, there is nothing more than a diplomatic difficulty, which will be settled by these pacific means which modern Govern ments have for the last thirty years put in practice when ever a cloud has made its appearance on the horizon of European diplomacy:" . St. St. 20 10 A CHILD ATTACKED BY A GAME COCK.--On the morning of Sunday last a little boy, four or five years of age, was attacked by a game cock belonging to Mr. Daykin, of the Turf Tavern, in St. James's-street. The child fell on his back and was defending himself with his feet as well as he could, whilst the infuriated bird was making vigorous attacks on his face. Some passers by happily drove the bird away, or the consequences might have been most serious. As it was, the child was bleeding profusely from the nose and mouth, and, but for the timely assistance afforded, might probably have lost both his eyes, as the attack of the cock was always directed at the face,—.Doncaster Chronicle. THE SHARE MARKET& BRITISH RAILWAYS. RAILWAYS. Aberdeen . Imbg. Nottng. Bost & Eastn. June Biranni. Wolverh. d, Stoir Valley 3irkenhd. Lancsh. dt Cheshire Junct Do. Cbesh. di Birk., £5O do £25 Cons Do., £2O Bristol & Exeter -jaledonian. :Tester & Holyhead cork and Bandon.... Cork, Black. & Pass.l Dublin&BelfastJune. Dundee Perth &Aber deen Junction Do. New East Anglian (£25 L. & E. &L. &D .) Do., (.£lB E. & H.) Eastern Counties Eastern Uniou, Claw A. late E. U. Sh Do., do. Do., B. & C. East Lancashire East & West Ind. Dk. & Binning. Juno Edinburgh Glasgow Edinb. and Peebles E Rub. Prth. &D unde GlaLgow & S. Western Great Northern StL Do., A. Stock )0., B. Stock Gt. Sth.&West.(lre.; Great Western Ifish ath-Easters Lancaster & Carlisle Do., Thirds Lancash. &Yorkshire Do., Fifths Do., Wst. Riding Un Leeds Northern Liv. Crsby. dr South - pt. London & Blackwall Lond. Tilb. & Sthend. Wad. Bright. dr S. Cst. London &N. Western' Do. Fifths D0.,10/.SI• London & West Do., Lndr ::Colerainc Trdndrry. & Ennisk. I ilnch . Shot &Lincln. Do., Man. &Lin. U 2. Mid1and................ Do. Bi. & Der 6, , Liidlame Jo. Kr-el Newcastle & Carlisle Nos .narket Do. Bury E:: siors Newp 'c,.Aber• qtre Newry & Newry Wa• zerpent & Rostrevo • Nor r01k...... ....... , Do., New ....... ...... . Northn.Connt'ez U, 1 NOI British North Door, No.l Do., No. 2.... Do., A Deferred Do., B Guaranteed North Staffordsliire North Western N. & S. West,rn. June Oxi'ord Worce3ter & Wol verrampton 7cott , sh Central Scottish Midland Shre wabary & Birmg Do., L. & N. Weser Gr 'war teed Sock Shre Dbl. & Fr xtrd Shre msby. & Chester (Nor. W. Min.) Do. Falves. o. Do. Oswes:xy Sl , ropsbire Union South DON South Easterr South Wales S. Yor R'ver . Dur Do . . Stockton & frartlepl. Thames Harm Doc'.. and Vale of Neath. Wa:erfd. & Kilkerny Wate•::ord&Lircel'ck West C0rnwa11.. ...... Wnibl don kCroyd or Woodford.. York Newctl & Berw. Do. Extensions .. Do. G.N.E. Purchase York & N. Midland.. Closing Prices Saturday. 29i - 30?, 6/ -6?, 9 - 101 7i -61(1x(' 21. 22 3i 2i d 101 105 64 —61 A 214 22i 184 —19 t, 1 - lip 8 - 9 5 -- 5. 3 4' 12i -13 t 10 - 11 - - - 7i - 81 72 - 73 55 - 57 74 - - 76 33 -- 35 61 -- 63 81 82 45 -- 47 123 - 124 107 i -- 1084 90 i 6t 7 92 -- 9 4 # 13 -134 p 75 - 7 754 5 -- 16 4.1 03 —l6 3dtd z d -- 8i 9l 1$ ----1&.4 p 4031 IA 'IIBI -- 118% 2§ -- 3 . lip 90 91' 5 h 4id —12 Ad 19 21" 29 30 3i 3 d 741 44 464 50 52 3'— 3i 8d 34 1 — 3i 9 10 52 t 1 81 354 —36 i 44- 4d 8 8i 1 —4 p 43 - 4.9 100 - 102 64 - 66 64 - 66 70 75 ••• dis 18 -- 20 9 -- 10 14 -- 15 3k— 3a 21 -- 22 771 -- 78 36 -- 37 121 -- 13;, 4 -- 4i '9 -- 21 1! 2 15 - 16 9 - 9} 29 - 3i 9* - ka- ip 69 - TO 4 7 20 681 -59 i PREFERENCE SHARES. Aberdeen 11 Do., No. , 2,7 p. c 0 Bris. & Ex. 4p. c. Si; 5 Do. 4p. c. Sharci )9 Caledonian £l. O ....• • ill Chester & Holyhead Guar. 5 . 1 per ear 34 Cork&Bandon 5,1 p. c. ,11 Dunk e Pert' &Aber deen 4urct,:ou ....... 611 EastA ngl an (X3los) 6 r n. cent. .......... 11 Do. (25) 7 per cent.. 2 Do. (E7l7s) 7 p. ill Easi,ern Couut'es Ex tension, 5 p. c. No.l all Do., No. 2....... ...... dl Do., New 6 n. a. SW.. al Eastern Unior, Scrip Guar. 6 per mit—. )0 EastLarcas'l. 6 p.cts. ill Edinb.Pr Lh.&Dur dee 5i per cent.......... )0 Glasgow &S. Wester guar. 5 p3r cent. )0 Great j• 1.13. n. sp. c. )0 Do. sp. c., Redeem., at 10 p. c. prom 611 Gt. Southn. &Westn. (Ireland) Li;hths st. ii 20 St. 1.9: 15 al 5 1 a] 61 a] 10 al 20 al St. 1 5 st. 11. .111 t. 50 6 GI. (t' , 3rks & Fants Ea. r p. c.).. St. 103 G. West. fixed4i pc. 16 6 Lan. & York. F. £2O, 100 Do., 6 p. c., Stock._ St. 100 London and Brighton Guaranteed 5 p. c... 10 no. Pref., sp. c. .11 Do. Convertihle, sp. c., 1852 . ..... . St. 11® Do. New Guar. 6 p.c. 50 5 London &S. Western, St. 1101 50 I a Con. Thirds 10 Londondeiry& Coler. Shares .......... 12} all Londy. & Ennis. i * Sh 25 all Manch. ,Shef. , & Lin., Shares, No. 1 10 all Do. New, £lO 6 3 Do., £6. ... 1211 all 'Mau pt.&Carl. 4p. c. 1211 all Do. 4i per cert St. - 111 St. 111 Do.. - ) sDd.Consol. 6 p.c. St. ) Do. Consol. Bristol d- Birm. 6 per cert.... 5 Do. Pref. 4i pe" cent. 611' Norfolk Ex.,ension... 111 Do. Cuar. 52 per et.. 611 Do. Way. Val. 5 p c )0 North British 11 North Staffordshire.. I Oxford Worcester & Wolverh. 215,6 p. c. 20 1 al 2I al 20 I al St. 10 9 Do 11 Shrews& Birm. N. C 11 Shrewsby. k Che.L3r (Nor.W.Min),B p. c. .0 Do. 5 per cent 11 South Devon Do. New 11 S. Eastern (Readinr , Ann.,) of 21 Oa. Jl S.Yorksh.4p.c.Guar. 3 Waterfd. &Kilk. 6p. c. York Newcastle and Berwick, 4 p.c.Pref. 10 1 1 25 al 10 1.0.6 a 20 I al st. lb 5 Do LO York& N.K; Maud H. & S. Purch los, 11.66 - 1081 18i -- 19 d pi 64 - 3g - - ihp, 1i -- 2 p lA p 14* -- 15 18i -. 19 31 -3; - 110 - 112 8 / 3 - 6 - 7i 105 107sd d— I) 150 152 ••• --- z(1 ••• - x(I 1151 - 153 3 1 -- 31 P 10i -- 111 13 -- 14 8 - 9 101 -- 14 -- i P 148 —l49xd l it i P 221 23 5 1 2 109 11 25 26 1 pl 11 - 111 17 -- 1s -- 1p 15 -- i t; Par P 2 6 i 2 20 2 1 id par 1101 - 103 5 - r - iri FORE. 3 Antwerp&Rotterdam 3 Bel - sianEastn. JuneL. al Charleroi & Erquelin. 6 Dijon and Besangon 8 Dutch Rhenish al East Indian . 1 Do. Extension .... G. Indian Peninsula 7 Gd. Junet. of Ftallee 5 Gt. Western of Canada Shares 1 Lucca & Pistoja 5p.0 pref.................... L 5 Luxembourg LO Do. (Railway) 2 Do. 3 Do. (Canal) 2 Do. 6p. ct. pref..- 7 Lyons & HedUerral Madras all N..mur & Liege interest) al Do. (ex interest) 611 Northern of France dl Do. 201. 3 p. e. Bds• (fray. B. &Ams. She.) Norwegiar,TrnnkPref .0 Paris and Lyons 11 Paris and o.leans 11 Paris and Rouen 11 !'arcs and StrasborYg 4 ParisCaen&Cherbrg. 54 Quebec &Richmond 31 Rouen and Havre 11 Sambre and Meuse._ 4 Do. 5i p. ct. pref.... 4 Southern of France.. :s. Upper Irdia Scrip... al West Flanders.. 6 Do. 5i per c. Prof,— ID Western of France... 2 West. of Sw:Lzerland Zealand.. ....... ........ d— par 1 1 . 2 2i p 2* 14.dits 6 6` p lap it -2 p 1 lip i --i PI 4 --44 lA -- l a 1§ -- 2 P -- 1 p 2 -24 p 74 -- 8 6 -- 7 351 -- 361 14 -- 15 17 — 1 41A -- 4 9 ! 41 -42 i 321 4 -- 5 p 1! 20A 9 -- 94-' 41 4ip P 51 idis p 9 1 WiR p 1 Bas , ness done this day. LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS. RAILWAYS. Leasing Compans. Closing Prices Saturday. Bleord and BleLchley Birm. & Orfd guarantee Do.w:thouLgr Birm.Wolv. & Dudley guar. Do.wthtguar. Backghamish. ClydesdaleJc. E.Lincoln. gr. 6 p. cent Glstr.&Dn.Fr Hrtlpl. Dk. & Railway London & I N. West. Gt.Westn Do 30 -31 23i -303 30 - 31 29 - 30 105 -107 523 -533 151 - 153 32i - 333 Do Do L. &N.W Caledon IGt.Notrho l Gt.Westn. l Tic. New. dr Berw Y.drN.Md Do Do Hull & Do. Shares.' D o. i Shares. Lon. & Greenw Do.Preferenc€ Lowestoft gr. 4 per cent Do. 6 per et ‘fanch.Bxton and Hatlock diddlesbro' & Redcar 11l - 113 551 - 564 274 - 28 131 - 141 254 - 261 19 - 191 25 - 27 S. Eastern Do Norfolk Do Lu. &N. W & Midld itck ton & Darlingt. 2 _34xd Northern and Easternsp.c. Do. 6 per et.. Do. Fixed sp. e Prest. d; Wyre Liii L106.1(1 E. Count Do 64 - 66 IL&N.W &Ln&Yk Do xd Do. Shares. aoystn.&Hit. Do.Shc?Lh.St. Shef. Roth. & Goole g. 5. p. c S. L'Atro. . Wear Valle; or 6 per cent Do Gt. Northn Do d 149 151 148 150 bancash. MrMClean Stockt. dt Darling Do - 1 d 32i - 33 103 - 104 Wilts &Somrstl Ct.Wes!;n. MINES. - 1 all Agua Fria ...... 1 —l4 p 10s. all Anglo Californian p 10 2 Australasian id p 20 5 Australian 5 6 pst 1 all Australian Cordillera par 4 p 1 1 all Australian Freehold. par # p 1 all Ave Maria dia p 1 - all Baden (Gd. Duchy of) par p 1 all British Austria. Gold p 1/ 20 13.5 British Iron — 9 35 24i Brazilianlmp.Ossued at £5 pm 5 51 5i 30 all Do. Cocaes & Cuiada 41 4 20 15 Do. St. John Del Rey 29 —3O 1 Carson's Creek Par 4 p 40 all Cobre Copper 47 49 5 1 Colonial Gold 2l 2 31 14 Copiapo 5 64 St. all Copper Min. of Eng 73 78 25 ill Do. Pref. 7i p. cent 7i 6 a ll . English and Austin Copper Smeltg. Co l/ d 4 20 - all • neral l7 —l9 2 all Great Nugget Vein 2i 2 p 4/ 3 all Great Polgooth lt 1 p 1 all Lal e Banurst... 1 all Liberty — I 1 all Lor d. &Californ. Gold Quartz Crush. Co — g d 1 all Mariquita d— par 10 9 Mexican&S.Americn. 8 8.1 8 1 all Now Granada - p 1 all Nouveau Monde 1 lip 24 1 1 Port Philip • I pit 1 all Quartz Rock par p 1 50 all Rh). haney Iron 23 —25 p 15 Do. New 7 8 30 10/ Santiago de Cuba 7 8 1 all South Australian.., — p l 4 10 7 Tin Croft ll 3 28} all United Mexican 6 7 6i 1 all Wailer d Par 1 all West Granada l— p I 11 1 all West Mariposa dis— p t 1 1 all Yuba I P JOINT-STOCK BANKS. 40 all Australajia 93 E"1 50 all British N. American 20 2 Chrtd. Bnk. of India, Australia, & China 2 —24 p 100 25 Colonial — 100 20 Commercial of Lond — ... 10 English Scottish and Australian 2 - 21 p 121 20 12i Lond. Chart. Bk. of A.ustralia 5 —51 p 50 20 London and County ... 50 10 London Joint Stock — 100 20 Lond. & Westminster 35 20 2 Lor eon Bank of Aus tralia and India 50 224 National of Ireland — 25 all Oriental Bank of Corporation 25 5 Do. New — 100 25 Provincial of Ireland 10 all Do. New — 6i 1 Royal A'istraln.Bkg & Gold Tmp Co idia 25 all South Australia 5O 52 25 all Union of Australia 77i —78 i ... 2i Do. New Bl—8 l — 9 • i 50 10 Union of London ••• .. 40 , all Union of MISCELLANEOUS LOO 35 A ustralian Agrieult. 103 103 102 5 20 4 A nstra' sn. Pe i Be. Mail . 10 5 A ustraln. Royal M.il ...- 38 Bet. Ameecan Land ... 62 60 LOO 324 Canada — 5 5 - Crystal Palace .. „.. 61,- 4 2 Crystal Pal.of France ~. 20 1 Eastern Steam 1 1 Eleatic Taleg. of Ir — 15 14 Gen. Steam Navigat — LOO 50 General Screw Steam 20 2i Irish Beetroot Sugar 1 all Nat. Pa;;. Ste..m Fuel 10 2 Netherlands Land — 20 2A NI Lh. ot .kropeSteam ..„ 50 all - Peninsuiar& Ol'ental 50 25 Do. Do. 100 60 Royal Mail Steam 25 25 South Austral. Land 53 - 55 53 50 1 1 Submar. Telegraph — 5 2 Univeral Emigration and Colonization — LOO 28i Van Dsomen's Mud 23 —24 i LLOYD'S SHIPPING-(THIS DA L) LONDON, March 21.—Wind at Noon, S. to S.W., light breeze, and dull, hazy weather, with snow. DEAL, March 20. • Wind, N.W., fine. Arrived from the River, and sailed—Adventure, for the South Seas ; Ganges, Port Philip ; City of Hamilton, Montreal ; John Bull, do. ; Vivid, do. ; George Carl, Boston ; Margaret, Laun ceston, Van Diemen's Land ; Stanhope, Melbourne ; Ellen Rawson, Cape of Good Hope ; Lady Hilda, Barbadoes. PORTSMOUTH, March 20.—Wind, N.W. to N. Sailed —John Bertram, Boston. PLYMOUTH, March 20. Arrived—Sovereign, London, for California, crew refusing to procc3d. Sailed—Albe marle, P 0 1 ..: Philip; Maria Emile, Singapore. . LIVERPOOL, March 20.—Wind, N.N.W. Arrived — Byron, Buenos Ay,-es ; Esther and Sophia, Maraczebo ; Rappahannock, New Orleans ; Saxon, Apalachicola ; Can ton, do. Sailed—Meame, Melbourne ; Bloomer, do. ; Gifford, Shanghai; Annie, Ma-anham ; Vernon, New York ; Niagara (s), Boston ; Catherine, Santa Martha ; Wm. Hitcock, New Orleans ; Silas Greenman, do. ; St. Petorsburgh, Boston. The Cluny, hence to New Orleans, has put back, having been on shore. BELFAST, March 19.—The Willing Lass, the Clyde to Melbourne, struck on the Skull Rock, and is in a precari ous situation. LONDONDERRY, March 19.—The Admiral (s), for Liver pool, is on shore. _ DARTMOUTH, March 20.—Wind, N. Sailed—Ann In gate, Geelong. CLYDE, March I.9.—Wind, E. Arrived—Albion, Mau ritius ; aelhi, Callao. LERWICK, March 14.—Wind, S.S.E. Sailed—Dublin, Mary Ann Henderson, Pomena, Resolution, Kate, Me lenkeo, Alert, Intrepid, Agostina, Traveller, Perseverance, Hamilton Ross, Ranger, Alex. Harvey, Maclean, Com merce, Xanthus, Union, Eliza, Victor, Active, and North of Scotland, Superior, Colnmbia ' Gem, Felix, Eclipse, Fairy, Enterprise, Queen, Swan, Mazenthien, Hebe, Ve nerable, Orion, Abram, Brilliant, Sarah and Elizabeth, St. George, Flamingo , _ and Germania—all for Greenland. GIBRALTER, March 12.—The Ben Muick Dhue, of Aber deen, from Pernambuco, has put in in great distress, and very leaky, having been in contact at sea, and thrown the greater part of her cargo overboard. CUXHAVEN, March 13.—The River is full of ice. The Spray has been cut tbrousia by the ice, and is very leaky. RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS. LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTH COAST RAILWAY.— Traffic return for the week ending March 19, 1853 £8,729 8 4 Corresponding week last year 8,079 16 10 Total of the half-year to this date, 1853. Total of the half-year to this date, 1852 92,957 1 11 SCOTTISH CENTRAL RAILWAY.—Traffio return for the week ending March 13,1853 £1,794 14 5 Corresponding week last year 1,660 17 9 MELANCHOLY SUICIDE OP A GIRL.—On Saturday last Margaret Elliot, a young girl about 16 years of age, who resided with her parents, in Low Glencairn street, committed suicide under very mysterious cir cumstances. On Friday night she had been out with other girls, in company with several young men, and the party had separated aboat twelve o'clock. On Saturday she was in her usual spirits apparently, :'though it was evident her mind must in some way have been disturbed. On that day she purchased from an apothecary a penny worth of vitriol, and having gone into the garden at the back of her father's house, drank it between four and five o'clock in the aft3rnoon. Havirg been observed lyiny in the garden, she was brought into the house in great agony, and surgical assistance immed;ately pro cured. The fatal potion, however, defied all remedy, and in three hours after she clic 1. She gave no other rflason for the step whi6h she ha 1 taken than that she was tired of her life. The corpse was interred on Tues day.—Kilmarnock Jour,zal. SOMNAMBULISM AT NORTHALLERTON.—During the night of Wednesday, the 9th inst., a young man named Powle, a joiner and cabinet maker from Leeds, who was sleeping at the Rose and Crown Inn, at Northall er t on arose up in his sleep, and went out of the windo w o f hi s bed-room, which is an attic, and fell to the ground, Though he was very much cu t an d i n j ured by iefall, there are strong hopes of his recovery, LITERATURE. White, Red, Black. 3 vols. By Francis and Teresa Pulszki. Friibner. Under this fanciful title is presented to the Eng lish public a cluster of amusing and brilliant sketches of society in the United States—sketches, drawn with infinite vivacity, by two of the most distin guished of the refugee Hungarians. Under ordi nary circumstances a work of this description, from hands like those of Francis and Teresa Pulszki, could not possibly have proved otherwise than in the highest degree attractive. Considering, however, that the occasion which has elicited the present vo lumes is one no less memorable than the visit paid to the American Republic by Louis Kossuth, the guest of that Democracy, the production before us must necessarily be regarded by the English people as one fraught with a very peculiar fascination. Although so brief an interval has elapsed since the time of the voyage here recounted, it is really remarkable how effectually the industry of the companions of the Hungarian chieftain has overcome all the difficulties of a narrative necessarily diffuse and comprehensive. Numerous as have been the works already written upon the Republic of North America, we know none more eminently calculated to present a truthful and life like picture of the original to the mass of the British population. Already we have been rendered familiar with the condition of society in the States through the descriptions of Harriet Martineau, the humorous pencillings of Charles Dickens, the ani mated rhetoric of Silk Buckingham, and the shrewd comments of George Combe, through the satire of Mrs. Trollope, the science of Sir Charles Lyell, the perspicuity of Alexander Mackay, and the ever-watchful observation of M. de Tocqueville. Added to these, we have now the pleasant pages furnished to us by our travelling Hungarians. The merit of these passages can only be the more ap preciable on comparison with those of their prede cessors. Neither Francis nor Teresa Pulszki appear to have crossed the Atlantic accompanied by preju dices any more than by predilections. Their good opinion must necessarily, to a considerable extent, have been propitiated by the fact of their illustrious compatriot having received the magnificent tribute of an invitation from Congress—a grand and na tional invitation to visit, as the guest of that people, the inhabitants of the North American Republic. Otherwise, our authors evidently set forth on their journey with their minds altogether un warped, and ready to accord to the novel and interesting scenes presented to them the benefit of a calm and altogether dispassionate judgment. Setting aside entirely any reluctance that might be excited by the apparent incongruity of a work of this particular character coming to us from the hands of a foreigner, Francis Pulszki observes, at the very outset of his preface, in a phrase quaintly but ingeniously apologetic, that various reasons therein specified have induced him, by publishing these volumes, "to carry an owl to Athens." The task of compiling the work from the loose papers brought back with them by our Magyar . travellers on their return to England, seems to have been singularly facilitated by the circumstance of a regular diary having been kept by Teresa Pulszki throughout the whole of her transatlantic movements. What ' tends particu larly to enhance the value of the present narrative is the fact, that its materials are not, as is usual with the majority of suet. productions, composed for the most part of allusions to the domestic manners and personal peculiarities of the American population. As our authors themselves remind us, they were not shocked by such little incidents as the Ameri cans pouring the contents of their egg shells into glasses at breakfast ! Neither did they care much seemingly about the orthodoxy of eating lamb with mint sauce, rhubarb pie with Devonshire cream, and roast beef with Yorkshire pud ding 1 Their indifference in these particulars recalls to our recollection the introductory remark of Mr. Samuel Weller when " Boots" at the White Hart in the borough—" We shan't be bank rupts and we shan't make our fortunes ; we eats our biled mutton without capers, and don't care for horse-radish ven ye ca n ge t beef." Similar is the disregard evinced in reference to these minutiae in the sublime art of cookery by our light-hearted Hungarians. As to another peculiarity already frequently commented upon by previous travellers in the United States, Francis Pulszki candidly ac knowledges that " belonging to an eminently smoking people, the extensive use of the cigar did not hurt my feelings, though I thought that chew ing and its consequences were no improvements on the use of the fragrant leaf !" Everything consi dered,. Brother Jonathan could scarcely have been subjected to a more generous examination than that of our authors (as we may now regard them), the Anglicised. Hungarians. The charming sketches before us open with a descrip tion of the passage to America across the Atlantic. Prior to this description, however, we have an account of the departure from England of Kossuth and his companions. This account is immediately followed by some intelligent remarks upon the discovery of the New World before the age of Columbus—a discovery made, of course, as is now pretty generally known, by certain Norwegiaii adventurers. It may be observed, moreover, that the tedium of the voyage is lightened very agree ably by a narrative of the escape of Madam Kossuth, as told by herself, in the course of oue or two familiar conversations. Incidentally, also, a deserved tribute of gratitude is paid by our writers to the Turkish hospitality displayed at the close of the Hungarian war of independence. towards their fugitive fellow-countrymen. Arrived at Staten Island, we have a brilliant description of the noble city of New York, of its motly society, of its enormous meetings, and of its composite architecture. Opinions are then expressed as to the position assumed in the United States by the chiefs of periodical literature. A chapter upon coloniss - tion conveys to the mind of the reader, in regard to the North American Continent, a tolerably' clear idea both of its physical and political configuration. Especial reference is, of course, made at a fitting opportunity to the state of parties in America, and to the nature of their respective principles. From New York we advance to Philadelphia, thence to Baltimore—on to Washington, to Annapolis, to Harrisburgh, across the Alleghanies to the iron city of Pitsburgh —on again by Maryland and Pennsylvania to Ohio, where we are introduced to Cleveland, to Columbus, and to Cincinnati. Tra versing Indiana, Kentucky, and Missouri, we find ourselves conveyed at last to the lower Mis sissippi. Returning northwards by Mobile, the Alabama River, and Montgomery, we pass Georgia and the Carolinas, and so come at length to New Jersey, Connecticut, and Massachussets. Here, however, the journey by no means terminates—for, advancing to the city of Boston, We are carried forward to the wonderful Falls of Niagara ' and leaving these we are carried back to New York, through Buffalo, Troy, and Albany. Having thus completed the tour of the United States, we are invited to the consideration of an ingenious parallel of the American and English character. Several appendices to the three volumes comprise a variety of interesting documents. Among these, it must be especially remarked, will be found some valuable statistical papers on the local railways and telegraphs. Besides three remarkable letters from the MSS. of a New England Lady, a detailed account of the Northmen in North America, and Chancellor Harper's vindication of slavery. It must be borne in remembrance that the title of the work here under review is not simply eccentric, but in an eminent degree significant and sugges tive. It implies that the races herein described are not simply those of the domineering white men, but those also of the Red Indian and African populations. White, and red, and black are, in fact, the motley colours observable amongst the inhabitants of the Great North American Continent. Apart from every other considera tion, these sketches of society in the United States must be regarded as of singular importance, seeing that they demonstrate, beyond the possibility of contradiction, that Louis Kossuth, the glorious guest of the American democracy, was re ceived by the vast mass of its citizens not with coolness, but with universal accla mations. Consequently, the Times and the Daily News were in every respect mistaken, in re presenting Kossuth's visit to the United States as a " failure," —doing so through the medium of anonymous correspondents. True, undoubtedly,that as the public is here reminded by thePulszkis, Ko s . suth would not avail himself of his popularity to ob tain a grant of land on the opposite shores of the Atlantic for himself and his countryme n , So that he might " live there in comfortable ease, senti mentally remembering his country, and making - money and political capital o f the disasters o gary !" No—such was not the course pursued by the glorious hero of Debreczin. No—ifthe refusal of Kossuth to act thus can be viewed consti tuting the failure of his visit to America, as but not otherwise, didGhoecifiatil. as the failure, thank mustA And ega rdi regarding then,t h a as altogether unmistakeable. ever be regarded. Why, take the followingA failure, forsooth ! a wonderful.failure the passing as its proofs : it was surely e passing of that unanimous vote in the Americantion of ongress, on the motion Senator Foote, 1 8.51, to send a steam-frigatedurin the session of • r for the to Asia Minor tr purpose of eon • t h e Sultan States so s veymg Kossuth to the m oon as his Majesty would consent to his departure of the United wonderful failure, the President the exile's States only a few days fr; be z ° L e ie occasion of It was surely a, arrival at New York, commend the approach his annual Message totao Kossuth to the attention {along Business this day. 2l_ s. 20 20 20 20 20 5 al 20 ' 20A 1 20 I 11 10 11 20 4 20 a] 20 a, 1.6 al 20 a' 10 al 20 20 a: 20 a: 20 a 20 10 20 a 20 a 20 20_ 2? 101 1 20 11 30 4 80i 80 1 1 go 071 891 901 ►4 541 5i pm 10k 118 171 18i 141 90i 90 29i 74 3 69 8i 12i 58i I 19 x d 1.411 PM 127 6 10 20 50 50 100 25 2 4 414 321 2 5 1 11 8 1 i 9 8 i Pin all 100 all 100 LOS x (1 x d x i x d that it was Impossible for the people of America to see with indifference the principles of freedom attacked and baffled. It was a wonderful failure that reception of Kossuth at New York, with • triumphal honours—a wonderful failure his being greeted by Congress at Washington, in a manner like that displayed towards Lafayette—a wonderful failure his official introduction to the Senate and House of Representatives—his reception by the most eminent American Statesmen now living—his respectful treatment by the two great men since departed, Henry Clay, " the mill-boy of the slashes," and Daniel Webster, " the great ex pounder " I As further illustrations of this same wonderful failure, take the resolutions inviting Kossuth to the capital of those States, passed by the Legislatures and Governors of Indiana, Maryland, Maine, New York, lowa, Rhode Island, Ohio, Vermont, Michigan, Wisconsin, Tennessee, Penn sylvania, and Massachusets—all of which, with the exception of Maryland and Tennessee, commended in the warmest terms the foreign policy suggested . to the Union by its illustrious visitor. It would be difficult to enumerate the ad dresses presented to that great man during his stay in America by a series of important deputations. Everything throughout his progress indicated a triumph rather than a failure. Undoubtedly the old hunkers and the silvery greys were sufficiently frightened, but their alarm in no way tended to diminish the general enthusiasm. Such is the character of the extraordinary events here re counted by Francis and Teresa Pulszki, and of which these present delightful volumes form a noble and brilliant celebration. British Medical Directory for 1853. Published at the Lancet Office. This annual has been prepared with great care and elaboration, and contains a great deal of infor mation of the most useful description. It is impos sible to over-estimate the value of such a work, whether as regards the medical profession or the public. By a reference to its pages can be found the name of every practising medical man in every city, town, or village in England, Scotland, or Wales, with the date of his diploma, the offices he holds, and other particulars of an interesting char acter. The information respecting the courses of study and the examinations and honours at the different colleges, universities, and hospitals is am ple, and, as far as we are able to judge, extremely . correct. Among the other contents of the direc tory are lists of all the hospitals, dispensaries, lunatic asylums, and medical institutions, fr o m John o'Groat's to Land's End. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. SPORTING NOTES.—No. CCCXCIII. By permission of the weather the Lincoln Spring Meeting will come off to-day and to-morrow ; the New castle Spring Meeting on Wednesday and Thursday ; Chipping Norton Steeplechases to-morrow ; and Derby and Tadcaster Steeplechases on Wednesday. Such is the present outline of sport for the week. The freezing state of the atmosphere, however, bids fair to curtail it of its fair proportions., LINCOLN SPRING MEETING. On Saturday, in the city, they backed Snowdon Dunhill for the Trial Stakes, as if the race was a forgone conclusion. Chilton is the only animal in the entry that could beat him, but, I pre sume, he will be reserved for the Handicap to-morrow. Billy Richardson will be the second horse for the Trial Stakes. There is nothing that has any chance of suc cessfully contesting the Two-year-old Stakes with Pspe Joan and the Jewess but Monitress, whose starting is dubious ; the other two I have but little doubt will oc cupy the first and second places. The Steeplechase ought to be won by Bourton. Maria Day and Maurice Daley are not "in ' badly at 9st 101 b and 9st 91b. The Spring Handicap wi l l be contested, I suppose, by about half the acceptances ; and if HARP is not able to accomplish the feat of w inning with only 6st 71b up, I must turn to CEILTON to pu'l me through. Odiham is not overdosed with weight at Got 131 b, nor is that re markably slow coach Abdallah, who, though a six years old, has been favoured with the light weight of 6st 71b. Game Tommy at bst 121 b, is the only other animal that may find his way to the front ; but I cannot fancy with the small difference of 41b1 that he can beat Chilton. The Hurdle race Ido not profess to advise upoq, but I cannot help remarking that Sir Robert at lOst 81b, Caurire at lOst 41b, and Theodine at Bst 21b, seems to me to be better "in" than the remaining twenty-one. ANALYSIS OF THE GREAT NORTHAMPTON- SHIRE HANDICAP. Being within a fortnight of Northampton races, I will at once proceed to analyse the principal stake of the meeting, more especially as it will be the centre of attraction to the betting world until its decision. The Great Northamptonshire Stakes was established in 1844, when Vitellius, then 4 yrs old, with 7st up, was the winner. It is a curious fact that, with one excep tion (Poodle last year), a three years old has not been able to win over this course, which has so trying a finish as generally to stop the youngsters. It has been won on four occasions out of the nine by light-weighted 4 yrs old, and in four instances f)y 5 yrs old and upwards, who have carried 7st 91b and above. By this it w:11 be seen the chances are great against a 3 yrs old winning ; and it must be remembered that in the only victory of that class the winner, Poodle, had only the feather of 4st slb to carry. The Stakes a 100 sovs. are the gift of the Northamp ton Grand Stand proprietors, added to a Handicap Sweepstake of 25 sovs. each, 15 't, &c., with penalties fur winning certain stakes, which only affects one horse in the entry, Lianforda, who will have to carry 5 lbs extra for winning the Liverpool Spring Cup. The dis tance is exactly two miles. The large entry of 117 has been obtained to this stake ; seventy-three of whom declared forfeit, leaving foCq four animals to contest the palm of superiority. Stebbing's lot consists of Kingston, at the top weight of Bst 131 b ; the Bishop, at 6st 111 b • and Charity, at sst 31b. I should hardly imaglne they will pull out Kingston, but if they do, with Nat or Butler up and the horse in good condition, his chance is anything but for lorn ; quite as good, in my estimation, as Wolfdog's, when he won carrying pretty nearly the same weight, in 1847. The Bishop's running at Nottingham was too mediocre to give him a chance here. Charity would seem to be their horse for this race ; her pretensions, however, are but indifferent. Scott has a couple— Newminster and Hobby Horse ; the former stops at home, and the latter will not only represent its stable, but carry a considerable amount of aristocratic cash. His running last year was execrable ; he has improved considerably dining the winter, and has done good work during the last week or two : at 4st. 131 b. he will, not improbably, repeat Poodle's performance. W. Day's horse, I believe, will be Postulant, who, at the same weight as HobbHorse, must, I fancy, give way to him. Joe Miller, I understand, does not run ; and Lady Harriet is very doubtful. Alec. Taylor has the Confessor and the Dandy ; the former at 7st. 121 b., and the other at sst. 31b. I think some mischief is meant from tb's stable, to be brought about very shortly ; whether we are to have it with these horses, at the present moment I am unable to say. Everybody knows what the Confessor can do, and the Dandy has much improved on his last year's form. Tom Dawson's lot is compiL:ed in a couple—King of Trumps and Lindrick—the former, I believe, being the representative. I have but a very so-so opinion of ei ; her. Lord, Eglinton's Ludo will not do this time. Dockeray's Muscovite and Cotton Lady I think very little of for this race, albeit the latter is treated very favourably in the disposition of weights and measures. C. Fisher can have no chance of producing the winner in Attack ; though if Nerva starts he decidedly has. Mr. T. Parr's stable will, of course, not trifle with their Chester Cup horse for this stake, but do what they can with Defiance, whose chance, notwithstanding the gameness of the home at sst 131 b, cannot be the very best. I shall conclude this analysis to-morrow, and at the same time attempt to indicate the winners of lionday' s races at. Lincoln. THE SPIRIT OF THE TURF e a v zawnbroker in e a . r :Pnegr person there. description. A NOVEL PLEDGE.—One day last week, a wo man . carrying a basket, entered the shop . a i n n y qui on re e d an f s o w r The attendant this had city, not se a :I n d basket bearer feigned surpi.se, thought sherePTrhee. repre sented bad promised to meet her some mistake, said she would call there must be and would the shopman kindly again i in a short time, basket till her return 1 There ya' ow her to leave the any objection to so trillin covld not. of course, be was very carefully deposited g a request, and the basket Not long a.L;er the woman's in one corner of the shop. man's departure, some noise from the basket attracted attention which was qu ickly fol lowed by the scream s f irfa: a d upon searching a fine healthy child was foundan nt ; carefullyn packed, but, as may be supposed, . its without any reference or clue to connexions. The woman did not return to look for her friend, and the infant, we understand, was removed to the workhouse.—Er,eter Flying P 0,,.% HEALTH Or TOWNS ON ELEVATED SITES.—It is a somewhat singular fact that fever s hould be prevalent the . present time in the villages of Cherryairi Willingham I situated on and Reighington, both beautifullyand s that I;e y at the base the summit of hills, w hilst villsg e e free. Yet such is the and on the sides of the hills ha ar m and Heighington the case, and both at Willing malignant form. disease has appeared in a ___ of COTTON.—Mr. .1300thrGaIl, secr etary EGYPTIAN ber of Comerce, hived 20 the Mancheste r Chain m on the estates of as the Pacha of small bags of cotton gr.olvt.l great improvement assamples exhibiting a very . E gY Pt - through the instrumentality. of Mr. Ed already; effec ted young man sent out by the chamber ward Swinglehm at, a I,h . n the cleaning and packing at the request of the ac a, i o f Egyptian cotton. T H E KoH - i - Noon DIAMOND.—This diamond that looked in the Great Exhibition like a dingy chandelier drop, has now—after an expenditure of 2,0001. in bringing it to light—been finally set in an exquisite circle of small diamonds, and made the " Mountain of Light" on a most graceful tiara of diamonds for the brow of. Queen Victoria. To show a jewel o: this character to numbers, and to due a d van tage, is impossible ; but, by the kind invitation of Mx. Garrard, of the Haymarket, we had the opportunity of examining and a, mir.;ng it before it wan sent, on Fri day week, in its rew setting, to Buckingham Palace. The old setting, as worn by Runjeet Sin g h, h as been preserved, with beautiful counterfeits of the s t ones as they on the arm of the Lion of Lah ore . The large were seen • rendered to Great Britain on the rubies Ru same occasion with their Persian inscriptions remain untouched, as we hoPet indeed, they , mill long remain.—Athengu IN 18 100 100 all all 8 all 1.00 all LOO 1 LOO LOO LOO all 11'f all all all 100 all 3i 100 100 100 100 100 all ; 100 all 21s. 1 100 20 11 100 IGN. 63 3 / 4 i 5i 12i i 48A 1004 64 2 15 1 7 i i 35 41