The Sun. — London, England, 1853-11-03 00:00:00

. _. v.,,,.,,./.,71:A-ZZ.---'Ge---"--" • .iets,., I tlr . ~6, - ..,,,,,,Al#' - - ./. 11 f1/ ' ' fr- • - e-.: e - , //'' /1 - • ..-- . 4 l—bU°SiLlieSTS.tle7daY a et -- • ... , . co ÜBT .. . 0.17 I • a t . , 1,4,, ,, .- r '' ''!" • VA , .s• (~,,,,:„, _,i.2:,_-__ ... -, e .. - , /, ge.. 0,'" 0 4., .')!... 1 , h i, . . ‘,° ./ t • • _,--_- - , 1•-, : ~.;,,,,, ' 1 ~,,, t .:,,, Iy. ) ` : , -...4 ,./ 1 # - 1: 1 , . ~ • i ; : 1 ,. l ir re' ' .• ' / fil l -•-,,-- ~, - ' ,e ,, , ' -,ok gg --'.. . , hh el '/' . .."-::- ":, , ':11' °11- s : .' i-11 •••, ..w --- ‘V ' ''''''' --- . , , 1'.., ~- • . < c,, , , ~ ,, , .....s : e .....- "Y' )*. , ; o t* l ' cg 71(44,;:-0--F,AT 1 1 1 ' 4 ' '' 1 ~ s\l': V t --1:1--)11. <et) ~,,, - . . k. r ma..., ....a...11 lance of the d less eager" less resulted t on Friday, barrel above advance for nore money. E g yptian ier qr. above OP ALDERMEN. ourt was held for the despatch of RE.A.THER'S TRUST.--Under the Mananage- Meat of the Cloth wor k ers ' C ompany. —At the Court to be :olden on the 7th December next, this Corn, any will distribute to IX POOR WIDOWS of decayed Housekeepers the amount divi- Sable under the above Trust, being about Si. to each. APplicants are required to produce a certificate or other proper proof of the death of the husband. The application must be made 41 w riting, and must state such particulars relative to the applicant May be proper to be considered in deciding on her claim, and ing *me references from whom information may be obtained respect the Party, and for veryfying the statement made concerning her cotdition and circumstances. e l l aPelicat , ons a re t o b e addressed, as early as poss ibl e, t o the esnsidered after the 23d November instant. Printed forms of ap 141eati" may be o..tained at the Hall. ROBERT BECKWITH, TOWSE, Clerk. Clothworkers' Hall, Nov. 2, 1853. IFTEENTH PURCHASE OF LAND, , and TWELFTH DRAWING of the CONSERVATIV E LAND TH i URSD 4Y November the 17th, at 'S ,tr,"!J" —Viscount Ranel agtt n the chair—the TWELFTH FREEMASON PUBLIC 7.. .MING will take place, previous to which, explanations of the and objects of the Society will be riven. The last purchase lust effeeted consists of the well-known Mansion and Park, contain .in_glllnvards of 74 acres of land, St. N argaret's, near Richmond, with _''9•lgniticent river frontage, facing Richmond Gardens. Persons '',l7lroons of obtaining rights of choice on the Society's Estates can other Y P a ying up at once shares in full, or by purchasing shares of Pa rk meMbers already on the order of rights. The Round Hill iuEstate, one of the finest situations in Brighton, and giving otes for East Sussex, wi'l be allotted at the offices, on Thursday, • 21 . 1 853. Every information will be given on application to CHARLES LEWIS; GRUNEISON, Secretary. Offices, 3 3. Norfolk-street, Strand. g o v ,,, Pen frOin 10 to 5 daily, and on Mondays and Fridays from 10 to ATICINSON and COMPANY, CABINET D MA UFACTURERS, UPHOLSTERERS, and CARPET ro bzI, ER UEXEN, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, and 75, Westminster- L ambeth, London. ATRINSON and COMPA_NY, DRAPERS, ar o , LILIC. MERCERS, &c., 69. 70, 71, 72, 7; 74, l un ' Ll ' e , s wes trninster-brldge-roarl, Lambeth, London.—Shawls, Furs, -- ---.2 a rallY Mourning, &c. 1.4 13 RENT'S CASINO, ARGYLL Rooms, (L essee, Cam. C. LAURENT, O n sl ow -b ouse , F u lh am•road). 11114 The (Lessee, Rooms are now OPEN FOR THE SEASON. Li v Ota continue open every evening, with LAURENT', DatiCI: 4 ATED BAND. Admission, Is. Doors open at half-past 8 ; to commence at 9 o'cloa, and terddnate at half-past 11. ittOyAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. LE cT PATRON—H.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT. "`EC—By J. H. Pepper, Esq.: On PHOTOGRAPHY, with Illustrations, Mornings and Evenings. By Dr. Bachhoffner : On ELECTRO-GILDING and SILVERING. e t Alt NCASHIRE SEWING MACHINE, WHISHAW'S SYS -41104l) FIRE ELECTRO-MAGNETIC LOCKS, ard BATE'S IM nissoi ESCAPEE xhibited in Use and explained Daily. " On M ng Views, Chromatrope, &c. ?nciar, the 7th Nov., at Nine o'clock in the Evening, Mr. 1 1nr, e '„ , AI bIINTER (the popular Author and Song Writer), will ,ACTC D " an ENTIRELY NEW HISTORICAL and MUSICAL 0 , illustrated with DISSOLVING SCE , ERY, entitled, "' J AZ the RIVER, and the RAIL," assisted by Miss Abe " sial e i,„ Mornin gs and Evenings. Admission, Is.; Schools, and under Ten years of ago Half-price. iiitb: .CAL ADVICE ON THE SECRET INFIRMITIEi OF bil YOUTH AND MATURITY. t -' SAMIr cel or -EL LA'MERT, 37, BEDFORD-SQIJARE, LONDON, Ed hb "2 Medicine, and Matriculated Member of the University of iVtgrti et 'vgb. Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Y. Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall. London, &c., &c. &Y be consulted, personally, or by letter, on t esill ti „ the various disorders of the nervous and generative system, ttl r em e ;_ s g _ fr omjuvenile irregularities pnd ex . cesses, which have pro :ti d ec "Lre a misery In youth, degradation in manhood, and prcma- Zas4 1,,Y t all stages of life, than perhaps any other class of dis til fl u , "Avn to modern pathologists. Long and practical experience tile, _ter:atrnent of these diseases has proved that there are in exist !xiste7 et causes of self-acquired miseries and disappointed hopes in •Oebni",,,,,ec. traceable to certain pernicious habits, to which Nervous ke a , el. , various forms of Insanity, Unhappy and Unfrultfid Marri ttigie,,,'"Votency. Local and Constitutional Weakness, and their hi"; Me dhications owe their almost entire origin. bril l • absolutely necessary that all men should know that there are 14 ' , Plea Of „etirrtn,. .personal management which cannot be violated without ',. 4 e h e ',7,;!Tlevous penalties, and when wisdom and regret succeed .Q4y , N.:L'.. Of inconsiderate self-indulgence, how these penalties . I , L l a l d h o .„.,'Vi e flated, how the sting of their bitterness may be removed, ;_st th o - ,t-r! evil and its con , equene es may be avoided, and above all, "crtl ge L c ls s earcely any decree of physical infirmity or f unc ti ona l tiocet to which the timely aid of scien ce canno t app l y a cure Al 411 4 & ester LA'MERT has for a long series of years been enga ge d ai % at _ ensiv e practice in the treatment of these delicate corn ,,, ill, tn :aiu is the only legally qualified Physician who, regardless at g 0 ,,78 and envy of the hypocritical and mock-modest, has had nel l ti:fi . ace, through the medium of the public press, to direct ne. ;.''' tb these enormous evils, from which no grade of society is Zralti_a_,S.electing this department of practice, he has been amply „'" by the great success that has attended his efforts in the t,..e iler °t wi n ! of these cases, which are too generally confided to the .71,, eat4i s ualined and ignorant empirics, who, with their pirated 'illei r - ,7 , assumed foreign names and titles, and pretended virtues es% b_oatent nostrums, have inflicted serious injury on those who ti tx 4t . h o ' in en e illditeed to place faith in their pretensions. t u for conauitation daily from Eleven till Two, and from ~.. lEight - ""qtei ries • All letters must contain the fee of 1/., and advice and 4 1 3 t 4 , can be fbrwarded to any initials or address. 4b , ,tesirable that patients wishing to consult Dr. LA'MERT A tt - ticst obtain a copy of his work on SELF-PRESERVATION. de ter El le n., ,„.„,.. Treatise on the Philosophy of Marriage and Nervous and Lbi 4 ;: l ve Debility illustrated by fifty-coloured engravings, and des ossessZ'a detail the ar , arious disorders resultin4 from secret habits and blicii -8 . The perusal of this treatise will assist in the correct . v t 4 4e 2tion of their cases, and may be had, price 2s 6d, in English, 170th,L.' Spanish, Dutch, Italian, or German, of Messrs. Piper 7t4,,' - 's and Co., 23, Paternoster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street :i ' - e :' 39 . Cornhill ; Storie, Titchborne-street, Haymarket ; or free Si 't fur forty-two stamps, to any address from the Author's resi -37 c c , REDroaD-BQUARIT, LONDON. , 111, WILLIAMBITRNETT'S DISINFECTING (1 t,,,, 1 l ITJID.:=The best Concentrated "CHLORIDE OF ZINC."— Nt,;. Iteduction of Price.—The merits of this Fluid, invented FT a.ter, Cesspools, 1/ %1,,,i turned, M.D.. F.R.S., &c., &c., for the Disinfection of Sick th,4 Clothing, Linen, &c.; the prevention of Contagion ; the , at ion of Animal Matter from Putrescence; the purification of Drains, Water Closets, &c , are now so wel N , , 010 , 0 the public as to render comment unnecessary. igst,, , the Office, 18, Cannon-street, City, London, and by Che- Atkk hl PPitig Agents, and others throughout the United Kingdom, 4 '141 Quart Bottles at per in Pints at Is. 3d.; in Half 1t414,4.; and ht bulk at 6 Gallon. rettioN'—BEW-4-11E OF IMITATIONS.—The only genuine tc,,, , t nk Fluid is sealed over the cork with the inscription, " Sir 1, 41-nett's Disinfecting Fluid," and accompanied with nume \,s_44ttkaonials of the highest order, and instructions for its use. t SECOND EDITION.-WITH ADDITIONS. ( s )!N i t Bvo., in cloth, price 55., by post free, ss. 6d. , & FALSE SPERMATORRHCEA, 4 1 11 . - .sti a „" , ,t l l the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors "tilitt; te the Treatment and Cure of Sufferers from Debility of the cal Dr, SYstem, or Sexual Hypochondriasls. fi n4 a,.,,,alated from the German of Dr. PICRFORD lii ) .'iltri,'"uord is known to English readers by his frequent practi -4'4 j: e ns to Gelman medical literature. This is the first .`4 ll q,Zuarnas us, that he has addressed himself to the noa-medi- NKt We. trust this may not be the last, if he shall detect any illt s laq,, - ;_lY flagrant evil which it may be in his . ioNver to correct." t5, , , - ;:acilical Gazette, May 30, 1851. The tribe of Quiet Syma -00„ 4114 .I , 4ll edical Friends,' are mercilessly exs ; and if this book ,%,,';‘ Of Way into the hands of those who suffer from the com iciall'ed it treats, we are satisfied that many hundreds would 41 oh needless suffering of body and mind, and what is of .•orr a , , 11D, r ,ko ll ,„"t , e. though it is that which the quacks most prize , ..'"• •. .. This volume is well qualified to put an end e *(4 1 17,,ail of treating Spermatorrhcea, and to place the inore rational and physiological basis. It is, therefore, treat do anich good."-Mediral Circular, June 16, 1852. : H. Balliere, 219, Regent-street. 4 , tg,, IVERS ALLY APPROVED ATTIRE DZI I ' O , - "`g into account the infinite diversity of tastes, pursuits, as life ~ and stations ix society, the establishment wh t i , c a h o p r ro . - h, Theso .ar nt versally approved attire niust possess very ex di t l'a r4 4 .„ nti : . arrargements made by E. MOSES and SON for the I, IOZ ra'tloitaare equal to every demand, and the vas w t s o n an of s th ip e OV e lltiri tie r ya associated with, the most talented k Dort , , e celebrity so long efijoyed by E. 0-ES and SON. 'll, - qail Lag Dress manufactured by E. MOSES and SON is to t . - "eir v3;,allOreved for Fashion, Comfort, and Economy. ttlerri t ,, 4l tet Clothing and overcoats are universally approved Style, and general superiority. Ilie,,l,.versa-,;4' approved, and Children's a. tire made bE. MOSES and SON I•l""tdap' s ? for it is the neatest, most substantial, and lia'''lt,.:ri°,l3letelai Costumes made by E. MOSES and SON are approved • audlaiforinity agreeable to prevailing regulations, inimitable liat s ` e ,Tieniical charges h are Caps, and Hosiery Goods offered by E. MOSES and raest highly finished articles which can be procured. t aliZial;;; B !acl Shoes manufactured by E. MOSES and SON are ; a"initted to be superior to and far cheaper than any ob- Th "sw kki here. qlhooNz nag and O u t f it s f or th e C o l on i es prepared by E. MOSES !.10,7, a pproved by all Shippers and Emigrants, in cense- At. nf At., aud len' being perfectly suited to the present Wants of the qt. are infinitely cheaper than at any other establish 41'111 Li Zatl ' b t-s c f Outfits for Ladies and Gentlemen, and ship-sailin g g bfh, TliAalay be had en application or post free. -E• MOSES and SON regret having to guard the "• "d f ' l ..TPosition having learned that the untradesman-like C ) 0,, " 'eine connected with their Establishment," or " It's re.,feril," has been resorted to in many instances, and for 0.~, as, they beg to state that they have L e e' x t rott WITH ANY OTHER, HoIISE IN OE OUT OF LONDON, 4.0011 , c ePI their own Establishments, as follows :- tr,Z, 41 14 ii t q t Y ,stablishinent, 154, 155, 156, and 157, Minorics, 83, 'an ' 4 -Kigate opposite the Church, all communicating. Brad 3 , riest-end Branch, 506, 507, 503, New Oxford-street, 1, 2 tie ,- ford art-street, all communicating. eofld n r °r kiihire) Branch, 19 and 20, Bridge-street. t,oniml;r anch, pargate. r k i .„ le ho ne, Australia. ;114ak ers "" o •7' Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and ehait,r4j,i,vd General Outfitters for Ladles and Gentlemen. "the ' ,--- Should any article not give satisfaction, it wilibe A gee at tiesit a ..._ de sired, or, if preferred, the money will be returned Thi n ° rn • All goods are marked in plan figures, the lowest "att,,,r-iit ab '"an no abatement can be made. 4,‘"qt Nv i.'"ialents are closed from sunset Friday to sunset on maybe44t r-s7wiloo'lea business is resumed till 12 o'clock. of The Epitome of Comfort and Economy , contain °Qs han h ,k l Pric ,s• our system of self-measureme t, & ••ii pp •r-lo q , e ZOOocation, or post-free. lei l atip n manse for the year ending 1853 can be had gratis, ilier4lifetrhl;it 'flan Prancer:. Qui si pada Italiano. Deutsch. Aqua se habla Espano 211 E S tCP `-'r CAUSES OF SELF-ACQUIRED MISERIES Al" 11) DISAPPOINTED HOPES. 1 11.. „. n THE SILENT FRIEND. -.tr 4 , S Languages--Fiftieth Edition. , tea by One Hundred Anatomical Coloured Engravings and Cases. " 'arged to 200 pages, price 2s. 6d., by post, from the tat Establishment 35. 6d, in stamps, , le ast , th e sZlittNT FRIEND, a Medical Work on litet,N4fra blaulausilon and physical decay of the system, produced by p l ,Nd t f 3 ;• With g ,, c . n( e, the consequences of infection, or the abuse of N 3 ' oh, ‘ ur cntions for the use of the preventive lotion, fol- Nj't it rve.ti Ns At. cy • illustr on Marriage, and the disqualifications which to2ct, deno., ,a,ted by 100 Coloured Engravings. By B. and L. k l ,r . p'ensulting Surgeons, 19, Berners-street, Oxford -80,1, 14G I°4l by by Sherwood and Co., 23, Paternoster ' "'QM -- ' 4 33 , • 63 and S r 150, Oxford-street; ' a . n g e " - Yard . street ; 95, Farringdou-street ,W.Sutton, t • _ • tre ats “litier, 4, Cheapside ;R. Johnson, aud ei the anatomy and physiology of the reproductive ;e ' s " ,.. "trat aa by 28 Coloured Engravings. 1 0 '4t M t ht consequences resulting from excessive n- the hmfl e y ' r w l ea lajntable effects on the system, producing ti lt Aar ess, nervous excitement, aud generative th.Dri ra ... tre ats oy• in Explanator3 Engravings. trey seco ",.%the diseases resulting from infection, either in 1, • ent, term, and contains explicit directions for 1114i111.1V "CtiOn is illustrated by 62 Coloured Engrav , ardibu ds aB. • rh, 1 7 1 11 , :atior,, ~,,!.aody for the Prevention of Disease by a aabi e_ ,7 Too the danger of infection is obviated. et unp r ;;i n w Toe consideration of marriage and its duties. 1,, ti p le an , ctive tuilon are airedsidered, and the whole repitrt ' CORo Philo 1 1 De r ~stta , 1&L soP ically inqinto. " ° ltlf‘' nervous "'LL OF synl AC UM is exclusively employed x:b.,igearl:3:llle;,in..slijrtennitol 1 1.-• " 4 aexual debyimpotence, Bpc., I is. and 335. b.titboto-4.Bfer Dus.ri,fyion..centrated betersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic e a t h y e h I :a: l b r use hl o cas f mercury y htf , e l e ls ti . oh and se 3 e° 3 h s. dary per a ill ide eerta,„un_rYing Specific Pills, 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and 115. tlo gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture, and 1 , 1 7 d et 'i. of the bladder Consultation fee, if by ti required : age, habits, an e po e s r l: ~k l iti llo4 :eb t ; cv . 51 l~acthe eas.t\is, advice, to be bad at the Establish atten. W olch the fe 11., is saved. Messrs. Perry, ki t - Lire al dau e, Lon- Tvil t r , f;leven at is, Berners-street, Oxford-street, Lon • vag, "`" Two, and rive to Eight; on sudsy from "NI market thia I last week ' there was no „ Iv i es fully my qualities 'Yen Bean PElt (1 17018 0 " 400 to 4. 0 44s to 480 ••• 43s to 64 s 00s to 00s 00s to 06 0 , 1853. 10d 8d %t, with veil filling 90110.7 pricem pa!! a rao deraw Penw a ,,F k l of Egy p.s to beans 25 655. s. S. 50 to 52 to " j 44 to 55 __. to -- and 40 to" ▪ Per V °. ,10/ 1 0 S 7s D u 1 OO OS OCI 001 l IV il OS 1 Os Od to ()° 31 Og to ?,6s Oa tO 000, 60° t° 0 00 ▪ 005 lot og 91 t° oct foto° , n o V. 1. 30 10 '25 50 2, ..•• • •• 12A2, ▪ •• " 125;4 ▪ •• " 53 ..•• .• 5”1, s' sigh t / ...• •• s • lON, Ft 7ot 9 ars ,4 3 1 0 0 0 a .• 0 0 0 ▪ 0 '‘') • 0 • .• ieral rost• o6le6 atie elan , h gac NO' 8 60. Y. troo ftsto• oct• B 2 roc , NO v• " lio )alll p , 50Y. 1 6 Oa. NOV . 140 v • 06 NOV' Sol'• 96 40 To. 11 1; VV. 1 Nov 10 isroV• t,ilf Nov. 6 vov. GaG Ta ea. ArrNe at Motl• P Nov 16 4 Noy. J o Nov. / Noy, 6 310 14 1 6 !O(Oct. ct.' !Oct. 29 0 N° ll 1 1140. LINOV' i strr i" egia u n cer e I 140 Y. NOY• LgoT• Lorio t mails 1 4 (91: the India t he uspatelle- TiO T/6 ND o er• et e. 7 P° rfe ns OP- - bbserv_..4vg at saYs t ,t arriv" r iffiti ls ! kets, l td Oe o t to a „ref; or ea ` vo 4' .43 f s ;eLl h .ple icy WI, no , ie te*. 11 ' lAfe of - Of' 0 irro" rl' _/ tO 0 0111 vilr fooillr .6 g P „ory gc.Or c , A O°Y lir an 03 E 944 1 9 . ,; 13:o0 it °lll [es of 'go ot te r :li g ; t* .••• .1 , ---II iCh r 1 1 'O. e lilni Jack ea... Arch- hed. ___ -- No. 19,066.1 Third Thousand, price One Shilling, THE RESULTS of the CENSUS of GREAT BRITAIN in 1851; with a description of the Machinery and Processes employed to obtain the Returns ; also,:an Appendix of Tables of Reference. By EDWARD CHESHIRE, Fellow of the Statistical Society, and one of the Secretaries of the Statistical Section of the British Association. London: John W. Parker and Son, 445, West Strand. Just published, Price 6d., VILLA VOLPICELLI ; or, The Shut School. By H. B. HAMILTON. ".This remarkable pamphlet should be in the hands of every schoolmaster and every Member of Paritament."---Guardian. James Cornish, 297. High Holborn. This day, Price 6d., JROTESTANT NUNNERIES ; or, " The Mystery of Iniquity" working in the Church of England. A ',eau to air Culling E. Eardley, Bart., By the Rev. JOHN E. GLADSTONE, B.A. Arthur Hall, Virtue, and Co., 25, Paternoster-row. ZADKIEL'S ALMANAC for 1854, Price 6d., just published. Contents (highly interesiing):—Fate of Turkey and America—Fearful Wars in Europe, &c.—Anthropology, or the Science of Man—Fulfilled Predictions of great Earthquakes in Persia, South America, &c. Published by Piper and Co., 23, Pater noster-row, London. N. 8.-35,000 copies sold last year. 'ro LOVERS of FISH.-100 REAL VAR. MOUTH BLOATERS for 6s , package included. The am forwarded to al parts on receipt of penny postage stamps, or Post• office order (preferred), tor the amount.—Address, TIIORIA: LETTIS, Jun., Fish Curer, Great Yarmouth. R. SMITH'S GRAND TOUR of EUROPE. t.. 70 —Now open Daily, at 3 and 8 o'clock, TOI7R of EUROPE and A SCENT of MONT BLANC, Leicester-sqnare, opposite the Great Globe—one of the largest, most elezant, and interesting Exhi bhions in London. asd exhibited on the Continent the past year to many crowned heads and half a million of persons.—Stalls, 35.; Reserved Seats, 25.; Second Seats, Is. j%I[ESSRS. NICOLL, REGENT-STREET.- 1, In England, or from France and Germany, the best talent in cutting, workmanship, and materials, are secured for the use o. gentlemen by this firm, who combine excellence with economy, es illustrated in the PATENT TWO GUINEA PALETOT, sold in the country and colonies by their recognised Agents, but in London ONLY at 22. CORNITILL, and the principal depot in the centre a+ REGE.NT-STREET, viz., Nos. 114, 116, 118, and 120. APPETITE AND DIGESTION IMPROVED. ILEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE AJ SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops, and a:. Roast Meat Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Curries, and Salad, and by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the stomach perfectly digest the food. The daily useof this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safe guard to healti. Sold by the proprietors. Lea and Perrins, 19, Fenchurch-street, 'London, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester; also by Messrs. Barclay and Sons, Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell, and other oilmen and tner chants, London ; and generally. by the principal dealers in sauce. j 13. B.—To guard against imitations, see that the names of "LEA land PERRIN " are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. rIRAMPTON'S PILL of HEALTH. A.' The following testimonia' is another proof of the great effic ae3 )1 this medicine : " Winchmore Hill, Middlesex, April 16, 1851. " Sir,—ln consideration of the great benefit I have derived from taking Frampton's Pill of Health, I feel it a duty that I owe to you and the public to send you the following statement. For upwards co nine years I have experienced the efficacy of this excellent medicine I had long previously been afflicted with headache and indigestion but a friend having induced me to make a trial of Frampton's Pills, I now inform you that a favr doses gave me great relief; and during this long period of time I have taken them in preference to any other medicine; and 1 have the happiness of saying that I never had k better state of health, which I attribute to Frampton's Pills. I beg further to add, that this medicine is in general use by my family, and we know of nothing to equal it. " I am, Sir, yours respectfully, THOMAS PROVINCE. " To Mr. T. Front, 229, Strand, London. This excellent Family Pill is a medicine of long-tried efficacy for Correcting all disorders of the stomach and bowels, and is a pleasant, safe, easy aperient ; they unite the recommendation of a mild operation with the moss successful effect, and require no re straint of diet or confinement daring their use. Ask for FIZ.A.MPTON'S PILL OF HEALTH, and observe the Dame and address of " Thomas Front, 229, Strand, London,"on the Government Stamp. Price ls. 130. and 25. 9d. per box. AINS in the BACK, GRAVEL, LUMBAGO, RIIEUMATISM, GOUT;INDIGESTION, FLATULENCY, ER VO USNESS, DEBILITY, &c.—Dr. DE ROOS' COMPOUND RENAL PILLS, as their name Renal (or the Kidneys) indicates, are a most safe and efficacious remedy for the above dangerous com plaints, discharges of any kind, retention of the urine, and diseases or the kidneys, bladder. and urinary organs generaly. For depression of spirits, incapacity for society, study, or business, confusion, giddi ness, drowsiness, nervousness, and insanity itself, when arising from or combined with urinary diseases, they are unequalled. Price is lid., 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., Ils., and 335. per Box, through all Medicine Vendors, or rent (free) on receipt of the amount in postage stamps, by Dr. De Roos; 35, Ely-place, Holborn, London. At home for con sultation daily from 11 till 1, and 5 till 8, Sunday excepted. Advice and Medicines, Li. NEWS FROM THE PACIFIC. By the Royal mail steam-ship Magdalena advices and files of papers have been received from the Pacific ports. The dates from Valparaiso are to the 14th, Callao the 23d, Lambayeque the 25th, and Guayaquil the 28th September. Miss Catherine Hayes gave her parting concert at Valparaiso on the 12th September. At Santiago she gave several concerts, which netted her $lO,OOO. A fire occurred at Valparaiso on the Ist of Sep tember, which destroyed 12 houses, and property to the value of $200,000. The ordinary yearly session of the Chilian Congress closed on the Ist of September. The Government has brought forward a project of law crating the office of Postmaster- General and establishing the head of the dopart ment at Santiago. Another measure was the establishment of a corps of mining engineers, to be appointed by the Government. The yearly report of the Minister of War has been laid before the Chambers. Two fires have taken place in the province of Copiapo—one at the mines of Trespuntas, which destroyed one-third of the small town which has so rapidly sprung into existence in that remarkably rich mining district ; the other at the port of Cal lera, which was extinguished after some loss of property. _ The several mines in the 'province of Copiapo were in a prosperous state. The Valparaiso Echo gives the subjoined nava news : " Our port, which as usual has been deserted by foreign navies during the winter months, has, on the return of spring, again become graced with the floating representatives of foreign might and power. Within these last few days her Britannic Majesty's frigate Port: land, with the flag of Rear-Admiral Moresby, command ing the station, her Britannic Majesty's corvette Dido, the French Imperial steamer Catinat, and brig Obligado have cast anchor in the bay. The Portland, Dido, and Obligado have arrived from Callao ; the Catinat came it from Montevideo with a passage of 28 days, but brought no papers, having left that port under sealed orders, but her commander says that he left the steamer Duroc in the Straits of Magellan, bound for this port from Montevideo, with papers and letters on board." Don Domingo Elias, recently imprisoned by the Peruvian Government, had made his escape from Callao to Ecuador, where it is mid he was likely to take part with Flores in raising another revolu tion. The Peruvian Government had agreed to allow full compensation for the insults and injury to the Americans at the Chincha Islands. Owing to this arrangement, the contemplated visit of Mr. Clay, the United States' Minister, to those islands was abandoned. Bolivia presented a melancholy spectacle. Belzu, abandoned by all the respectable portion of the inhabitants, had thrown himself into the arms of the Indians, remitting to them half their tribute and arming them with knives, in order to enable them to coerce the white people whenever they attempted to rise against him. From Panama we learn of an accident on the Panama Railway, which occurred from an ox lying across the track, which threw the tender off the rails, and, before the engine could be stopped, it was forced over a bridge into a ravine of some 30 feet in depth, the baggage -van and two passenger cars being carried over with the engine. One of the firemen was killed and the engineer danger ously wounded. A few of the passengers were in jured, and one died from the effect of his wounds. Freights continue high, with no prospect of a decline. Exchange.—On London, 60 days, 45id to 46d. per Chili dollar ; on Paris, 90 days, 5.05 f. ; on Hamburg, 40is to 41 s. ; on the United States, at par ; gold, 15c. to 17c. above ley ; silver bars pure, 10.121 per mare. FATAL ACCIDENT IN THE NEW CUT, LAMBETH.— Yes terday afternoon, between one and two o'clock, a fright ful accident, attended with fatal results, happened to H. Porter, of 21, Oakley-street. The deceased was crossing the road, when he was knocked down by a dust-cart, and the wheel passing over his head, crushed him to death instantaneously. Ho was taken to Charing-cross Hospital, where Mr. Hammond, the house-surgeon was in prompt attendance, but life was extinct. The driver was taken to the station to await a legal investigation. SUNDERLAND SHIPWRIGHTS.—The slight difference on the subject of the hours of labour between these shipwrights and their employers has been arranged to the satisfaction of all parties concerned. It is arranged that the hours for the winter season should be—From the 21st October to 20th November, commence at half past six in the morning, and leave at half-past five in the evening ; from 21st November to 20th January, seven in the morning to five in the evening ; and from 21st January to 14th February, from half-past six until half past five. GUY FAUX DAL—Next Saturday, the sth of Novem ber, being "Guy Faux Day," the Metropolitan Commis sioners of Police, and the magistrates of the different police offices, have issued a notice, that all persons let ting off fireworks in any of the public thoroughfares will be liable to a fine of 40e, or imprisonment. LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 3,185 a CORPORATION OF - gTHE CITY OF LONDON. GOVERNMENT INQUIRY. The Commissioners resumed their inquiry yesterday, at the offices of the Privy Council, Downing-street. The first witness examined was Mr. Ingram Travers, who, having been sworn, said that he was a wholesale grocer, in the city of London, where he had resided from his boyhood. He had never directed his attention much to the municipal concerns of the City. He was a member of the Court of the Fishermen's Company in the City, but he had never been connected with the corporation. He believed, in common with most of his class, that the corporation of the City was in a very unsatisfactory condition, unsatis factory in its management, and its system was old, ob solete, and worn out, and quite unfit to meet the re quirements of the present day. He was of bpinion that no partial reform would be sufficient, and that the best course to pursue would be to sweep the corporation away altogether, and also the local government of the City. He would substitute in its place a chamber of commerce, for something of that description, which would give a voice and a mode of action to the com mercial classes, and would enable them to deal with purely commercial questions. The Chairman (Mr. Labouchere)—Then you would have no municipal body in the city of London ? . Mr. Travers—l would not. . The Chairman—Do you believe that would be the wish of the majority of the inhabitants of the city of London ? Mr. Travers—The first question is, who are the in habitants of the city of London ? I do not live there myself, neither do hardly any of my class. The mer chants of the City do not residp within its limits ; it is only the small shopkeepers an d th e em pl o ye s o f the dif ferent large firms there who do. I believe, if you -were to ask the higher class of merchants in the laity,- they would agree with me in thinking that municipal insti tutions for cities at the present day had long ceased to be useful or necessary, and that the corporate or municipal government was unsuited for them. But if you were to ask the opinion of the small shopkeepers in the City, no doubt you would find that they would de : sire to retain municipal government ; and they have solid reasons for entertaining this desire, because it gives them the control of large funds, and they are quite aware that the large class of merchants have no time to devote to the management of such affairs. The Chairman—But your observations apply not to London in particular, but to the whole of the United Kingdom, do they not ? Mr. Travers—Certainly. I think we have long passed by the period when municipal institutions were neces sary. Where will you find that the redress of any grievances has been owing to the action of corporations. Such objects are now attained through the influence of public meetings, which make an appeal t o th e Govern ment and the House of Commons on any matter of public interest. At one time municipal bodies were no doubt useful, but now I think they are a nuisance. The Chairman—But suppose it were not considered expedient altogether to sweep away the municipal insti tutions of the city of London, but to endeavour to a lt er them in such a mode as to render them more in accord. ance with the wants and spirit of the present age • are there any changes in those institutions w hi c h you think it-would be worth while to make ? Mr. Travers—l do not believe that there is any hope of inducing the more highly educated classes engaged in commerce to undertake the duties of muncipal or locai government ; they have got too much to do, and they are too intelligent to profess to be able to discharge functions which they cannot properly understand. How can a merchant profess to act as a magistrate ? If he is intelligent, and a man possessing a knowledge of the world, he must know that the vocation of a magistrate requires a special training as well as any other ? How, again, can he act as commissioner of sewers, or manager of police ? To either of these sub jects he has never paid special attention, and he must know, therefore, that he is not fit to undertake such offices. Why, in his own business there is a minute subdivision into different departments ; and how, then, could a wholsale grocer or a large merchant in the city of London presume to be a magistrate, when he has not even the rudiments of magisterial law, and must leave his functions in the hands of the clerk or solicitor, thereby making it plain that it is that clerk or solicitor who is the real magistrate, and not the man who sits upon the bench. The Chairman—Your objection will apply to the whole system of the unpaid magistracy of England. Mr. Travers—Most completely. The Chairman—l believe it is notorious that the higher class of merchants keep aloof from the affairs of the corporation. Mr. Travers—Most entirely. A large merchant in the City, such for instance as Mr. Thomas Baring, who would be taken by common consent to represent the feelings of the vast bulk of the merchants—what would be his feelings, do you think, if you were to offer him an alderman's gown ? Why he would feel himself to be insulted. Mr. C. Lewis—What is the cause of that state of ? 31 - r. Travers—Doubtless the office is considered by the well-educated to be what is commonly called a " humbug." To ask such a man to undertake an office which he does not understand, is asking him to lend himself to a system which he knows in his heart is a " sham." Mr. C. Lewis—Are there not advantages attached to the office ; as it is said they make sacrifices to hold it ? Mr. Travers—There may be solid advantages ; I suppose there are ; but the higher class ,of merchants do not aspire to any corporate offices. The Chairman—Supposing it were no longer necessary that the Lord Mayor should be chosen from the Court of Aldermen, do you think in that case the, higher class of merchants might be disposed to tale the office of Lord Mayor fora year, although they might not be willing to be aldermen, and go through the whole of the duty? Mr. Travers—l do not believe that anything would induce them to undertake any office at all of the nature of the Lord Mayor's. Sir J. Patteson—Supposing the corporation of Lon don were assimilated in this respect to the municipal bodies throughout the country, do you think there would then be a• disinclination on the part of the higher classes to serve Mr. Travers—l think there would. The Chairman—Do not large merchants take the office of mayor in Liverpool ? Mr. Travers—Y es ; because it gives them great com mercial and political influence, but in the city of London it confers no such advantage. The Chairman—Would not the case be different in the city of London if a change were made, and a merchant of eminence were found to take the office ? Mr. Travers—l do not think you would get a mer chant of high character to become Lord Mayor ; and if you proposed to unite him to any remnant of the exist ing corporation, I am sure you would not. The Chairman—Doyou not think that if an alteration were made the office would become an object of ambition to a merchant of good position ? Mr. Travers—l believe it might be offered at present to 150 merchants in the City who wcuid not accept it. In fact it is rather considered a favour than other Wise to accept the office of sheriff. If you were to rob the City of its commercial character, and constitute an immense municipality, 15 or 16 square miles round, placing the Lord Mayor in Parliament-street, and giving him a Government character, you might then get a man of position to take the office ; but you would make it necessary that he should have a peculiar training, such as would soon render him a permanent officer. The Chairman—But respectable merchants are found holding the office of Mayor of Manchester? Mr. Tzavers—There is no comparison between the city of London and either Liverpool or Manchester in this respect. Mr. C. Lewis—Do you contemplate making the Lord Mayor a permanent Government officer, like the Prefect of the Seine ? Mr. Travers—l do not exactly say that, but I see no difficulty in making the local administration of the me tropolis a part of the Government. Mr. C. Lewis—Are you prepared to say that you would have the whole of England governed from the Home-office ? Mr. Travers—l am riot prepared (to say that, but I would begin with London. The natureofamanufac turer's business in Manchester gives him greater and in London the time of a merchant is much more occupied than is the case anywhere else. Mr. C. Lewis—Supposing your view were acted upon, and the corporation of London were swept away, what functions of local government would then remain to be provided for ? Mr. Travers—l am not sufficiently acquainted with the details of the government of the City to be able to enter upon that subject, but I imagine there is no por tion of that government which might not be absorbed into the general government of the country. There is the police, and the sewerage, the latter of which is now , managed by a local commission forming part of the cor poration. The separate organization of the City police was perhaps not absolutely bad in its working, but he thought it would be better if it were absorbed into the general system of metropolitan police. The Chairman—Do the objections you have heard urged against the corporation refer to the system or to the conduct of individuals who act under it? Mr. Travers—My own observations would lead mo to believe that the system itself is very much worse than the management. Within the last few years, under the dread of reform and the influence of public opinion, I believe the management of the corporation has been very much improved, but the system itself is very defective. The Chairman—Do you believe there has been more care in the selection of officers ? Mr. Travers—l do. Mr. C. Lewis—Do you consider the salaries of the officers of the City unreasonable in amount ? Mr. Travers—l think they are high, but not too high — o y n o , u and can p n o o s t it ihaveon, withoutthe se paying rviceof m th e e n in o w f e ta ll l . en t, educa tiMr. C. Lewis—Are the duties they perform of suffi cientimportance orr and I think uireme that -h n of higii education. onoalfo Mr. iyf. the expenses of the corporation might be easily saved. Mr. C. Lewis—Are the duties of the City Chamber lain heavy ? Mr. Travers—l believe the Chamberlain's office is almost a sinecure, and the salary and emoluments are considerable. I have not attended particularly to the management of the finances of the corporation. The tolls and dues exacted in the City are very great impedi ments to commerce. In my own trade cargoes of green fruit meet with considerable obstruction, and the same is the case with meat and other articles. Officers are appointed to levy a toll on certain species of foreign fruit. I often hear complaints from other people, but in my own personal experience I have had no grounds for complaint. I see no possible advantage in connect ing the freedom of the City with the guilds or com panies. I consider the tax upon the exercise of a retail trade is a simple oppression. The privileged brokers, the fellowship of porters, and similar bodies of the City, are a great hindrance to commerce, and form parts of a very vicious system. The Chairman—Have you any other remarks to make? Mr. Travers—l have no other observations to make, except to express my own willingness, and that of my class in the City, to give every information and all the assistance in our power in furtherance of the objects of this commission. The Chairman—We are very much obliged to you. Mr. Travers then withdrew. Mr. Acland was next recalled, and his examination was continuer? from yesterday. He stated that the aldermen are governors of the royal hospitals, such as Christ's Hospital, St. Bartholomew's, St Thomas's, &c. They also have the licensing system in their hands ; and thus they have the means of exercising great influences, and in some instances the advantageous influence, in the City. When I say an advantageous influence, I allude to the presentations to the royal hospitals, and the like. In administering the licensing system, how ever, the aldermen are ,to great suspicion of par tiality and prejudice. Without being able to point out any specific charge against them, to my own knowledge the irrevalent feeling in the City is, that if a man can obtain the support of one alderman for one reason, and the support of another for some reason, the two will exercise their influence with their brethren in procuring him a license. I have heard it said that one alderman, who was a wine -merchant, exercised a direct influence for personal purposes. Mr. C. Lewis—Has it ever been alleged against the aldermen that they were connected with the brewers ? Mr. Atland—l am not aware of any specific case of the kind ; but there are always vague suspicions afloat. Nepotism is also charged against the corporation in the administration of its patronage. The following state ment gives evidence of the amount of municipal nepo tism in the exercise of corporate patronage, as it fur nishes a number of offices held by the relative of per sons who either are or have been members of the Court of Aldermen and Court of Common Council. These officers are as under, viz : Chamberlain, late an alderman. Clerk to Sitting Justices, late an alderman. Rectory of St. Peter's, Cornhill, son of an alderman. Governor of Debtors' Prison, nephew of an alderman. Vicar of Christ Church, ditto. Clerk to Fellowship of Free Porters, nephew and part. ner of an alderman. Surgeon to Police Force, brother to alderman's partner Comptrol, late a common councilman. Solicitor, ditto. High Bailiff of Southwark, ditto. Commissioner of Police, ditto. Swordbearer, ditto. Secretary to the Irish Society, ditto. Bridge Master, ditto- Bridge Master, ditto. Keeper of the Green-yard, ditto. Housekeeper at the Session-house, ditto. Upholsterer to ditto, ditto. Keeper of the Monument, ditto. Clerk of the Court of Bequests, ditto. Superintendent of Mooring Chains, ditto. Common Crier, ditto. I Fruit Meter, ditto. Beadle of Coal Exchange, son of ditto. Clerk Sitter, ditto. Clerk to the Navigation, ditto. Gresham Lecturer on Astronomy, ditto, City Carpenter, ditto. Clerk to Commissioner of Sewers, ditto. Messenger to Irish Society, ditto. Clerk to Commissioner of Sewers, son of deputy. Clerk to Corn Meters in Trust, ditto. District Surveyor, ditto. Collector of City Wine Dues, brother of common councilman. Governor of Newgate Prison, ditto Printer to the Corporation, ditto. Gresham Lecturer on Music, ditto. Water Bailiff, nephew of common councilman. One portion of this patronage is vested in the Court of Aldermen and another portion in the Court of Common Council. The list above given is evidence of the spirit of selfishness and personal advancement which charac terises the corporation, and is sufficient to justify the bad odour in which it held. The whole municipal con stituency does not comprise one-third of the total num ber of occupiers rated at 101. The Court of Common Council consists of 206 members, the number having been reduced from 240. This always excludes the twenty-six aldermen. The reduction was effected by an ordinance of the Common Council, passed after the re port of the previous commission. The 206 members of the Common Council are elected annually, and the twenty-six aldermen for life. The municipal ward lists serve for the election of common councilman as well as of the aldermen. The election of the common council men is generally preconcerted. Most wards have pre cints, which constitute separate committees, and at these precinct meetings, which are attended often by only two Or three persons, a nominee list of candidates is drawn up, and recommended to the wardmote. Cakes and wine circulate freely at these precinct meetings, and the "nomination list" agreed upon under such circum stances generally comprises all the retiring members of the Court of Common Council, who in most cases are all re-elected. If anybody proposes a new candidate, he is considered as an intruder, and the name is placed at the bottom of the list. In the wards having no pre cincts the clique of publicans pre-arrange who shall be the preferable candidates, and return a list indirectly to the warchnotes. I am not aware of any other case of direct bribery.in the election of common councilmen. There is at all events a semblance of purity in their elec tion as.compared with that of the aldermen, at which a money power is wielded. But the Court of Common Council have an influence in the enormous patronage be longing to them, and it is exercised very generally in the committees of that body. An allowance of 2,8251. a year is made by the corporation to these com mittees, and this, together with the patronage, offers a strong inducement to men of small minds to struggle to get upon the committees which have the largest share of those allowances. The committee which manages the Irish estates of the corporation recently went to Ireland on business, and made the tour of the lakes with their wives until the allowance was all spent ; and that is but a sample of hundreds of similar cases. Mr. C. Lewis—ls it not understood that the commit tee allowances are made for business purposes ? Mr. Acland—lt is distinctly understood that it is eating, drinking, and pleasure money. Trips are either got up, or business trips are extended and varied, as the common councilmen may feel inclined. A pleasure trip may be got up, for instance, on the pretext that a pile requires to be driven fur the Thames conservancy. In the year 1849, the consolidated committee, considering that the corporation had been misrepresented before the Government and the public, made a report to the Court of Common Council asking for a grant of money for the purpose of setting themselves right with the 'public through the instrumentality of the press. The court had since voted the committee a sum of 1,0001. annually to be allotted for that purpose, and I believe that 4,000/. during the last four years had been spent in the order ing of hundreds of papers upon occasions when a news paper reported the proceedings of the corporation, as they thought, satisfactorily. .I am quite sure ithat during all that period The Times has not received one farthing of that money. lam quite certain that the expenditure of that money directly or indirectly induces the papers to suppress that which would be unfavour able to the corporation if known, and to give us favour able a report of its proceedings as by their ingenuity they may be able to do. The Chairman—Are not the details of this expen diture of 1,0001. a year laid before the Court of Common Council, and afterwards before the public ? Mr. Acland—Certainly not. There are many details of moneys expended by the corporation which are not published. Mr. C. Lewis—Assuming that certain quantities of newspapers are purchased, who decides which newspaper shall be selected, and how many copies shall be taken ? Mr. Acland—Tho members of the consolidated com mittee. Mr. C. Lewis—Do you believe the question is brought before the committee and put to the vote ? Mr. Acland—No ; I think the committee will have some confidential agent or leading member, or they have confidence in some of their officers ; and an inti mation that a paper has a satisfactory report on a parti cular day will be followed by the sending for 500 copies. I believe that in some easel; the application is made, " Won't you take some papers—we have an excellent article on the corporation in our. paper to-day ?" I be lieve that is the system.. Mr. C. Lewis—Don't you know the particular indi viduals who manage this kind of business ? Mr. Acland—No, I do not ; but I suppose it must be done by some persons one day, and by other persons on another. I believe there are always officers about Guildhall, near the members of the committee, to take orders and execute commissions. The consolidated com mittee consists of fourteen aldermen and the Lord Mayor. A common councilman serves a considerable number of years, and is generally re-elected until he is promoted to some corporate office. In addition to the sum of 2,8251., of which I have spoken, 5001. are specially voted for the ex p ense s of an annual procession in a gilt barge on the Thames, when many ladies are present, I together with the Lord Mayor and all the municipal paraphernalia, and good cheer and good fellowship go j round. V e ry muc h o f th e a ll owance to t h e committeesis ' spent on dinners, and if a man cannot attend these banquets very regularly, he is soon - told that he is a bad eater, and cannot therefore be made chairman of his committee. Generally speaking, the higher offices of the corporation are filled by officers well' qualified to discharge their duties. • The Chairman—You may go on now withyour,ob servations as to the court of common hail. Mr. Acland—The common hall is a very ancient part of the corporation, and is invariably held in the Guild hall, which is inconveniently situated, but quite suit able for such proceedings as frequently take place there. The common hall consists of the liverymen of the vari ous guilds, whether occupiers and residents or not. The Parliamentary Reform Bill requires that they should live within seven miles of the City, but at the common hall they are all allowed to vote, whether they live within the prescribed distance or not, provided their names appear on the guilds. The total num ber of the livery is about 10,000, 7,000 of whom are on the parliamentary register as residing within the 7 miles limit. The rest are non-occupiers of limited means. Not above 400 take any general interest in the proceed. ings of the common hall, and, indeed, the usual attend tainocnes is ot ra t r h e e ly li m ve o ry re t a h re an t h o a e l l f e t o li t a t t h n o u L m o b r e d r.. ma T y h o e r, fu t n h c e - Sheriffs, the Chamberlain, the bridge-masters, the audi tors, &c. The elections at common hall are genarally managed by a system of Undisguised corruption. This remark applies to the election of Lord Mayor sometimes and to the election of the Sheriffs and the Chamberlain almost invariably. In 1831, when the office of Lord Mayor was contented by Sir John Key and Sir Peter Laurie, Mr. Alderman Lucas, a lighterman of great in fluence on the river side, took a prominent part in the election, induced a large number of the City watermen and others employed on the river bank (who, having a corporate character, are required to be members of the livery companies) to vot e f or hi s favourite candidate, Al derman - Key, and that election cost from 12,000/. to 15,0001., a very large amount having been given to these "'longshore men." The present •"longshore men " are a class of voters who receive tickets for ls. or ls. 6d. a head for their votes. These men recognise certain mem bers of their body who act as " managers " for them, and attend the common hall to hold up their hands at the elections, which are generally decided by them, ex cept when there is a contest. Politics rarely mingle with the elections—it is generally a question of money with the "managers." I have no personal knowledge of the expenditure incurred at the election of Sir J. Key but it is the subject of common report in the City, and the agents have avowed it. It is not considered illegal in the city of Lonnon to bribe at municipal elections, and no penal consequences ever ensue to those who practise cor ruption. In the contest in 1846 between Sir G. Carroll and Mr. T. Wood, about 4,0001. or 5,0001. was spent. The livery are notoriously venal. The most recent in stance of bribery was at the election of the present Lord Mayor elect, Mr. Alderman. Sidney. There were but two candidates proposed, but others would have been nominated, had not a stun of, I believe, 2001. been paid to the "managers " for the longshore men not to put their threat in execution. Alderman Sidney was be lieved to be a corporate reformer, and it was thought desirable that he should not be Lord Mayor. Bribery was openly practised at the election of Chamberlain during the present year, and" the sums paid for votes varied from 1/. to 101. each. The candidates were Sir J. Key, and Mr. Scott, the deputy-chamberlain. I acted as the agent of Mr. Scott on the occasion. The Chairman—Are you willing to state what took place with regard to the candidate for whom you were agent ? Mr. Acland—Certainly ; money was given to parties for their votes. Mr. Scott was the popular candidate, and had no occasion to bribe until the:wholesale and syste -16 matic corruption of the other side was turning the scale, when a small but insufficient effort was made on the part of Mr. Scott to counteract it, and money was paid to Mr. Scott's voters. Had Mr. Scott taken what I consider sound advice, find spent an addi t i ona l thou sand, the re su lt might have been different, but that gentleman said he had no more spare cash, and although his friends were ready to 'back him, he would not spend their money. The office 'of Chamberlain is very advan tageous. The salary is good, and there is very little to do, and the Chamberlain himself is not so competent to discharge the duties as his deputy is. Mr. C. Lewis—The whole emoluments of the Cham -0 be”lain's office are r e t urne d . a t 2,500/. D o you b el i eve that that is really all ? Mr. Acland—l do not ; but I do not think anybody but Mr. Scott himself could give the particulars. There is a complicated arrangement as to the balances of the corporation, from which the Chamberlain makes a profit. A sum of 70,0001. lies in the chamber of the city of London, the balance of a fund set apart for buying up and exhausting certain offices. This fund is called "No Maa's Fund," and cannot be satisfactorily disposed of without an Act of Parlia ment for the purpose. I believe the Chamberlain has the use of this fund to this extent, that if ever there be an expenditure of the corporate estate funds beyond the assets in hand, he has always the power of going to that fund of 70,0001. for a temporary accommodation. lam not aware that an account is rendered of any interest derived from that fund, and I think the Chamberlain must have the advantage of the accruing interest. Mr. C. Lewis—Are you aware if this fund of 70,0001. has formed the•subject of any investigation in the Court of Common Council ? Mr. Acland—l am not aware that it has. The pre vious Royal Commissioners recommended that an alter ation should be made in the system of paying the Cham berlain' by the power of dealing with the balances of the Corporation ; but I am not aware that any improvement has yet been made in this respect. Mr. C. Lewis—ls there any advantage in keeping up the distinction between the 'constituency of the common hall and the general body of the.freemen ? Mr. Acland—l cannot see any ; and the common hall infringes on the rights of the latter body. The Chairman—Passing to the office of Lord Mayor, have you any observations to offer ? Mr. Acland—No. I have already referred to the elections for that office in 1831 and 1846, when there were contests. The liverymen elect two aldermen, from whom the Court of Aldermen select one to be Lord Mayor ; and the usual practice, with rare exceptions, is for the Court of Aldermen to select from the t w o alder- men recommended by the livetry the one who stands next in rotation for the chair. It would be preferable if the Lord Mayor was chosen from the members of the Court of Common Council, instead of exclusively from the Court of Aldermen. The Chairman—Do you think it would be desirable to entirely sweep away the municipal institutions of the city of London, and substitute nothing for them ? Mr. Acland—Certainly not. I do not think the citizens of London would be satisfied at being entirely deprived of municipal institutions, while Liverpool, Manchester, and other large cities possess them. Mr. C. Lewis—Supposing the corporation of the City to be reformed as you would wish, what would be the advantages which the City would enjoy over that part of the metropolis which has no municipal institutions ? Mr. Acland—The municipal funds held in trust by the corporation would be administered under the re sponsibility of popular-election. Mr. C. Lewis—Then you think the problem to be solved in reforming the City corporation is to secure the proper administration of the trust property ? Mr. Acland—Principally so, and I would exercise the magisterial functions from the administration of the funds. The Chairman—Are there not historical recollec tions which would make the citizens unwilling to be placed upon the same footing as Marylebone and the other metropolitan boroughs in regard to the muni cipal institutions ? Mr. Acland—No doubt there are. As a boy I was delighted with the Lord Mayor's show, but now I have an utter contempt for it, as being a barbar ous display kept up to please a vulgar mob. The Chairman—lf the pageant were reduced to proper dimensions to meet the taste of the present day, ought not the chief magietrate of the first com mercial city in the world to maintain a hospitality consistent with its dignity ? Mr. Acland—ldeas differ as to dignity and hos pitality, but at all events, legitimate views of the sub ject are not incompatible with business-like habits and commercial qualities. The Chairman—What is your opinion of the civic entertainments ? Mr. Ackland—They are often given for political pur poses. It is thought to be convenient for the Ministers of the day to have an opportunity of setting themselvls right with popular feeling, and of ventilating their opi nions ; but surely there are other modes of accomplish ing that object, and the most honest way would surely be to pay for one's dinner instead of taking it out of the public funds. Mr. C. Lewis—What is the allowance made to the Lord Mayor to defray the cost of civic entertainments ? Mr. Acland—l believe it approximates to 10,0001. Mr. C. Lewis—ls that sum always sufficient? Mr. Acland—Oh, no ! The next mayoralty, for in stance, will cost more for these entertainments. But in some mayoralties the expenses of official hospitality do not equal the allowance, and the Lord Mayor profits by the surplus. Mr. C. Lewis—Does the office involve expenses over and above the allowance ? Mr. Acland—That depends on the liberality of the Lord Mayor for the time being. If the Lord Mayor were to say there shall be no show, he would save 1,5001., and he could then afford to be more charitable ; but if it were known beforehand that he would not have a "show," he would not be allowed to become Lord Mayor. It is considered discreditable for a Lord Mayor to save money out of his allowance ; but, nevertheless, it is believed that a particular Lord Mayor not unfrequently manages to save some. The Chairman—Do you wish to see the state and hos pitality of the Lord Mayor altogether done away with, or reduced to narrow limits ? Mr. Acland—l wish to seo more of the state which appertains to the high character of the occupant of the office and the high discharge of its duties, rather than to see the gewgaw and glitter which now hide defects and scarcely embellish qualification. The Chairman—But you would not object to decent, and even liberal, hospitality-? - Mr, Acland—No man would object to that, but to a r.pßicE 51). wasteful profusion of trust funds every honest man should object. I think the fair and legitimate expenses of the office of Lord Mayor should be defrayed by the public. I believe the allowance made to the sheriffs does not exceed 3,0001. each ; and the expenses of the shrievalty always exceed the allowance. Hence the ex treme difficulty to get persons to serve as sheriffs, and hence also the otherwise strange fact that the long shoremen are paid more for voting against a man than for voting in his favour. The expenses of the annual dinner at the Guildhall are paid by the Lord Mayor and the two sheriffs, and the share which each sheriff is ex pected to pay towards that banquet is 7001. I think that it is not because the office of Lord Mayor is expen sive to sustain that the election to it is made annual, but the reason is rather that it is too much of a prize for a man to be allowed to hold more than a year. The audit of the accounts of the corporation is a mere matter of form, and consequently very imperfect. At this stage of the proceedings the commissioners adjourned th e i nqu i ry, and decided that the examination of Mr. Arland should be resumed at the next sitting. THE RIOTS AT WIGAN. The attack on the Saw Mills at New Springs, near 'Wigan, reported yesterday, appears for the present to have concluded the series of disturbances in the town, and it is probable that so long as there is an overwhelm ing force of artillery in the town, nothint, more will be attempted. Th ere are now in Wigan and at the Saw Mills a body of 240 men of the 34th Regiment of Foot, and a full troop of the Ist Royal Dragoons, and there is also at the Saw Mills 50 men of Sir John Gerrard's Lancashire Yeomanry Cavalry,.under the command o f his brother. Captain F. S. Gerrard, o f Aspull, from Ashton-in-Mackerfield. The police fie, under th e direction of Superintendent Scott a n d Inlpectot:Gillett, Consisting of 20 men, are armed with cutlasses and a of specialthe E nixed for od fo b rth y e defence of B of ai t c h a e rr works.e:'sine n are was no There o rg aas no disturbance whatever on Tuesday night, b ut the horses of the dragoons were kept saddled in exp ec t ation of an outbreak at Abram, about four mil es f rom the town, where there a r e some " knobstick" co lli ers, that is, men who have gone in to work at the old prices, against whom, of course, the turn-outs are highly exasperated. They were, however, peaceable, and, so far as we can learn, all is now absolutely quiet, though we have heard of petty outrages, such as the breaking of the windows of workmen who are obnoxious to the turn -outs. The municipal elections for Wigan took place on Tuesday, and there was some little ex citement arising out of the contests which took place ; but the cheers with which the announcement of the re sult was hailed, when declared in the Town-hall, were quite good-humoured, and the people separated imme diately after. There is still great excitement in the town, and the magistrates have cause for great uneasiness, however, in the conduct of both factory operatives and colliers, who on Monday commenced a system of begging from door-to-door, taking with them carts to which to put the food which people may be disposed to give them instead of money. Large bodies of men accompany the two carts that are now out, and the police have no control over them, so that in truth this mode of begging amounts to intimidation. The colliers are going to work at various places, in consequence of which the turn-outs are threatening loudly what they will do. Yesterday (Wednesday) morning the six rioters in custody were brought up at the Moot-hall for further examination. The magistrates on the bench were Messrs N. Eckers ley (mayor), (J. T. Eckersley, E. Evans, R. Bevan, J. Lamb, and W. Park. The names of the prisoners are—Richard Clayton, Richard Birchall, John Hughes, John Lacy, John Baker, and Richard Norris, all of them boys, with the exception of Norris, who is a young man, and has been in the Mr. Ackerly, solicitor, appeared for the prisoners Clayton and Birchall. The others were undefended. After hearing evidence, The magistrates discharged Clayton and Norris, re manded Hughes and Lacy, committed Baker to the ses sions for felony, and ordered Birchall to find two sureties to keep the peace for twelve months. After the business at the court was concluded, the mayor and magistrates held a meeting at the public hall, and though no decision was come to, it was determined to put a stop to the begging in the streets, as acts of vagrancy, and though noplan was chalked out, no d ou bt the soldiers will be d rawn off from the Saw Mills for the duty. There are now 92 police officers at Wigan, 20 at Ince, 20 at Pemberton, 17 at Abram, 20 at the Saw Mills, and 15 at Standish-gate, all armed with cutlasses. They are organised as armed patrols. Since the above was written, it has been learnt that the colliers of Messrs. Bancks, of Wirastanley, are going in. The most important fact in connection with the strike of colliers is, that on Tuesday night 1,000 men, the colliers of Messrs. W. Bashall, at Farington, near Preston, having gone into the latter town for their weekly pay, and finding none, at once seceded rrom the union, and determined to go to work at the old rates. They made an offer to that effect to Mr. Bashall, but he declined to decide until the meeting of the masters on the 7th, though it is not unlikely the unconditional terms of the men will be accepted before then. The men were to have a meeting on Wednesday after noon, to pass a resolution to secede from the union, and to go in upon the old terms. This secession will have a most important bearing upon the Wigan strike. TBE CHOLERA. ( Front the General Board of Health.) AYTON (BERWICKSHIRE). Particulars of a fatal case of cholera, and of fourteen cases of very severe diarrlicea, have been received from Dr. R. A. Colville, medical officer of this town. The case of cholera, which was that of a female aged 76, and which proved fatal within twenty-four hours, appears to have been exceptional, as occurring in a house repre sented as scrupulously clean, and free from any nuisance that could be discovered. The greater portion of the diarrliceal cases were apparently produced by over crowding, particularly in the rooms at night, and want of sufficient ventilation. ARI3ROATII. An important fatal case of cholera has occurred in this town, in the person of a married woman, who had been in Dundee for some days in attendance upon several of her friends, who there had been labouring, under the dis ease, and of whom no fewer than four had died within the space of four days. The woman returned to this town on Friday the 28th, very much exhausted, was im mediately seized with cholera, and died on Saturday evening, the 29th, at nine o'clock. Since the above, returns have been received stating that the husband and (laughter of this woman have also died of cholera in the same house. Active measures appear to have been taken by the authorities of this town for the removal of nuisances, and otherwise providing for a visitation of cholera. Tenterden Union (Appledore), Oct. 30 : Cholera Great Waltham (Chelmsford Union), Nov. 1 : Cholera Rye Union, Oct. 28 : Ch01era.............................................. 1 Morpeth, Oct. 28 t o 31 : The returns for these days from the Morpeth Locm Board of Health record 86 cases of diarrhoea, and one of Asiatic cholera. Of these, the cholera case and 37 cases of diarrhoea occurred in Morpeth, and 49 in Bedlington. NEWCAS TLE - UPON-TYNE. A tabular state men t o f the total number of cases of choleraic disease discovered by the house-to -house sys tem of visitation, and the total number of deaths result ing in the above town, duriag the five weeks ending O et. 25, shows that the proportion of deaths to cases was —in the first week, 1 death in 10 cases ; second week, 1 death in 19.5 cases • third week, 1 death in 32.7 cases ; fourth week, 1 death in 30.7 cases ; fifth week, 1 deaths in 52.7 cases. Deaths 1 METROPOLIS. Returns made by the superintendents of the D, E, K, M, P, and R divisions to the Metropolitan Police Com missioners, enumerate 17 cases of cholera (8 resulting fatally) as having occurred between the 27th and 31st of October. In several instances death ensued after very short illness. Thus, in one, it followed only 7 hours after seizure. In a third instance, the patient died in 8A hours. In another in 12, and in another in 14 hours after attack. Absence of sanitary precautions was the predisposing cause. HOLBORN UNION.—Mr. Grainger has been recently engaged in a re-examination of the present state of some of the notorious seats of fever in this district, in which the danger of the outbreak of cholera appeared to be imminent. ST. GEORGE'S EAST (MIDDLESEX).— Three cases of cholera are reported to-day from this parish, two having resulted fatally. Both these latter instances are recorded as being of a very bad type of the disease, and both occurred in the same house, in Grove-street, one on the ground-floor, the other on the third storey. The street is " unpaved in the centre, and the house dirty." ST. JAMES (WESTMINSTER). Nov. I.—Cholera (death) ........................ 1 MURDER OF A POLICEMAN IN LIVERPOOL.—The muni cipal elections in Liverpool, on Tuesday, passed over quietly, with the ex ception of an affray w hi c h took place in Edgar-street, at a public - house wher e several of the municipal electors of Scotland wa r d h ad retired. The parties inside seemed anxious to get n sai but s wi d y,. upo n a crowd having gathered round the door, getting money before all them to pass. olice-officer 732 (Sunderland) remonstrated with them, and endeavoured ' to induce the mob to disperse when 1 man . named Cope land, one of the most despe'rate ruffians in Liverpool, raised his hand and deliberately stabbed him in the groin. The wound divided the femoral artery and proved fatal almost immediately from bleeding.. The unfortunate man was universally respected owing to his kind dis position, and. it Nvas.in contemplation by his superiors to remove him to some less rough neighb our h oo d. Cope land has b een arrested. An inquest was held y es t er d ay , before P. P. Curry Es when the despaEth , left q., corone r , b u t h a d not concluded FLAGRANT CONDUCT OF A BROKER. The court was attended by a large number of the members, the summons having contained notice of the intention of the court to consider the petition of Henry Earle Lovell, complaining of the conduct of William Le Grand, a broker, who lately failed on the Stock Ex-. change, and disappeared after having appropriated to his own uses various sums of money with which he had been entrusted for the purchase of shares, stock, &c. It was known, too, that several aldermen held petitions against the accused, and much interest had been excited by ithe reports about the Stock Exchange upon the subject. Mr. Henry Sewell, summoning officer of the court, having been sworn, stated that he had left a copy of the order of the court at the house of the brother of Mr. Le Grand on Saturday last, having been unable to find that Mr. W. Le Grand, whose conduct was under consideration, had any place of residence at the present time. The facts of the case are contained in the following petition of Mr. Henry Earle Lovell of 8, Clarence street, Old Kent-road, house decorator : "Showeth—That your petitioner, having rece i ved a distrib u ti ve s h are of a legacy in right of his wife, amounting to upwards of 400/., wished to invest the same in the funds, and, on the Ist day of Sep. tember last, went, accompanied by his brother, Mr. John Lovell, to the office of Mr. William Le Grand, a sworn broker of your honourable court, No. 9, Tokenhouse-yard, Lothbtiry, and stated to him that your petittoner wished to purchase 4001. Three•and-a- Quarter per cent. Stock ; that he told your petitioner the price of some would be 4001. 195., and your peti tioner handed over the desk to the said Mr. Le Grand's clerk, in the presence of Mr. Le Grand and of your peti tioner's said brother, the sum of 4051. 10s. in bank notes and gold, and thereupon received the following acknowledgement : •" '[Memorandum.] " L Sept. 1853. "Mr. H. E. Lovell l e ft with me ondo 405/. 1 1, os.,for 4001. . Three-and-a-Quarter pe r C en t s . LE GRAND, Sworn Broker. " Tokenhouse-yard, Lothbury, London.' "That Mr. Le Grand then stated to youNtklitioner that he. Bald send on to him „the Stock receipt. - "That he not having done so, in about a week after wards your petitioner called at No. 0, Tokenhouse-yard, to require his transfer to be given to him, when the clerk stated that Mr. Le Grand was out of town. Your petitione r called again some days after, and the clerk then stated th at the purchase had not been made, and the books being then closed the purchase could not then be made, but that when the Stocks re-opened Mr. Le Grand would purchase the same, and allow your petitioner interest in the meantime. That your petitioner, having called several times at , No. 9, Tokenhouse-yard, without seeing Mr. Le Grand, or obtaining any satisfactory result, wrote Mr. Le Grand a letter requestin g the money to be returned, but to which your petitioner received no reply. On calling at the office on Tuesday morning last, your peti tioner saw again there the clerk, who stated that the office was-no longer Mr. Le Grand's, that a Mr. Le Mark had taken it, and that he (the clerk) was no longer Mr. Le Grand's clerk, but Mr. Le Mark's clerk. " That your petitioner then made inquiries at the Bank of England, and found the money had not been invested, and has been informed that the said William Le Grand has been declared a defaulter at the Stock Exchange, and is absent from this country. " Your petitioner having been informed that the office of broker is in the gift of your honourable court, and that previously to admitting any person to such office it is the practice of your honourable court to take sufficient sureties for the true and faithful discharge of his duty as broker, your petitioner humbly prays that your honour able court will be pleased to grant him such relief in the matter as to your honourable court may seem meet." The petitioner was examined, and declared all the statements set forth in the petition to be true. Alderman SALOIIONS said as the petition showed, be yond the possibility of a doubt, that a gross breach of trust had been committed by the broker, he thought th e court would n o t b e d o i ng i ts duty if it did not instruct the City Solicitor to take steps for the purpose of com pelling Mr. Le Grand to restore the 4051. 10s. to Mr. Lovell, and, in the event of failure in this quarter, to proceed against the two sureties for the amount. (Hear, hear.) He moved, therefore, that the City Solicitor be instructed to take immediate steps for the recovery of the money. (Hear, hear.) The motion having been seconded by Alderman COPELAND, was carri e d unan i mously. Sir B. V. CARDEN presented another petition with reference to the conduct of the same individual, stating circumstances of another case of plunder, and moved that it be read, and the usual steps taken. This, after some discussion, was agreed to, and the petition was read. It was from Mr. James Lightfoot, retailer of beer, 18, Wellesley-street, St. Pancras, who had been defrauded of 2751. 15s. 6d. in the Three per Cents., which he had authorised Le Grand to sell out with a view to invest them in other securities. Mr. Alderman Copeland presented another petition against the same party from Henry Humpheries, of No. 18, St. Mary's-hill, in the city of London, who had lost more than 5001. in a similar manner. The petition concluded thus : " That your petitioner has been informed that by the Act of 7th and Bth Geo. IV., chap. 29, sec. 49, it is pro vided as follows :—‘ And for the punishment of embezzle ments committed by agents entrusted with 'property, be it enacted, that if any money, or security for the pay ment of money, shall be entrusted to any broker, banker, merchant, attorney, or other agent, with any direction in writing to apply such money, cr any part thereof, or the proceeds, or any part of the proceeds of such secu rity, for any purpose specified in such direction, and he shall, in violation of good faith, and contrary to the pur poses so specified, in anywise convert to his own use or benefit such money, security, or proceeds, or any part thereof respectively, every such offender shall be guilty -of a misdemeanour, and being convicted thereof shall be liable, at the discretion of the court, to be transported , beyond the seas for any term not exceeding fourteen years, or to suffer such other punishment by fine or im prisonment, or by both, as the court shall award. "That in consequence of the severe loss which your petitioner will suffer in consequence of the above trans action, he is unable to incur the expenses which a criminal prosecution under the above statute will entail upon him, as, the offence being a misdemeanour, no costs would be allowed. "Your petitioner, therefore, prays that your honour. able court will take the above statement into your con sideration, and be pleased to adopt proceedings against the said William Le Grand under the above statute, or grant your petitioner such relief in the matter as to your honourable court should seem meet under the cir cumstances" Alderman COPELAND believed the petitioner was cor rect in stating that the act of Parliament applied to the case, and he moved accordingly that the City Solicitor be instructed to proceed upon the clause referred to. Sir PETER LAURIE seconded the motion, which was carried unanimously. Sir PETER LAURIE then informed the Court that he had a petition to present which, although he apprehended the offence alleged in it was not so severely punishable as was that described in Mr. Humpheries' complaint, represented a more serious calamity to the unfortunate persons concerned. It was a brief but most impressive and affecting account of the plunder committed upon a poor woman and her husband, written by themselves. The Town Clerk then read the following petition, which caused a great sensation : " Central-hill, Norwood, Oct. 31, 1853. "The humble petition of Philip Newberry, and Ann, his wife, of Norwood, in the county of Surrey, "Humbly sheweth—That William Le Grand, stock broker, of No. 9, Tokenhouse-yard, in the city of Lon don, did receive of your petitioners, on or about the 17th of May, the sum of 1,0021. 10s. to purchase an annuity . for our joint lives, being all our hard earnings ; and, to our great surprise and affliction, when, on goingto the Annuity-office t o rece i ve our dividend, we discovered - there was no money paid in. "Your humble petitioners pray your honourable court for your assistance, for which they will ever pray for you." Sir PETER LAURIE, in moving that the necessary in structions be given to the City Solicitor in reference to - the petition of the poor couple, said he had re a d wi t h much pleasure accounts of the capture of thieves in dis tant lands, and their compulsory return to England for fm punishment, and he hoped to see a gh instance of the activity and zeal of the Government. (Hea r , h ear.) The petition was then unanimously referred to the City Solicitor. The amounts to which the two sureties are liable are Grand 5001., each to the extent of 2501. entered into bond f or William Le 1 THE ARCTIC REGlONSciFiluaTrtehthwereieldl p p r a e s s s s a i g o e n ihnyn Captain l i‘ e i s ~ 1 b ss e c ao followedve veryry of t generalh n e p N neat orih . year by the despatch of two steamers, the Phcenix and osoc a onfe n oee o nd t theli ea e ss r s throughlc o ail f t: t a a i b snyt o (hel u oest t eshi oec e eile : rsn u ‘ e i gira l seure p ve t o: each h other,When t two i 1 efo steamers r li,a rd motionpro.enl n ti al t yh s l iet the ndilocuecwhici safer o an s f i e n trh g te or a e g iasi proceedonl yo when two are employed instead of one. The officers and crews of both vessels would also liave more con fidence when entering unexplored channels, when two vessels are near to each other, owing to the hope that there would be one to fall back upon, in the event of any unforeseen accident occurring to the other. The ice of the Arctic regions is the accumulation of ages, and it is su r p r i s i ng the small thickness that is forme in some years, and certainly not to such an extent as would render it difficult for steam-vessels to keep a passage open by repeatedly breaking through the newly-formed ice, and the further the vessels proceed beyond the true mag netic pole the warmer the water is found to prevail, and it requires a remarkably low state of temperature to form ice on the surface on the deepest parts of the Polar Seas. Sonic remarkably fine lava was brought home by the officers of the Phcenix, from Bank's Land, far finer and closer than the porous pumice -stone of the lava of Mount Etna. The plumbago is also of a fine description, and a number cf mineral stones from Melville Island, are re markably heavy ; whatever may be the nature of the metal of which they are composed, and appear to be worthy of being investigated as to their value, of commercial they mi g h t be found worthy of becoming a subjectrthoe cinercial enterprise. It is singular that none . officers in th e in the far northern regions, had seen the comet which Phcenix, or of the vessels of the Arctic expeditions, n ow visited this sphere during the present year, an d they were unaware of its existence until their return homi4 ,Noy. ; ' Noy,'