The Sun. — London, England, 1832-10-03 00:00:00

plan as they expected. We have, indeed, often expressed our conviction that the landowners Wer e as great sufferers by the ultimate operation of the corn laws as the rest of the community. Lord MILTON appears to think that the landed interest do derive some benefit from the corn laws. In continuation, he says— " The excess of artificial rent, thus produced above the natural rent, is not all clear gain to you. The artificial excess in the price of bread is a clear loss to others, but the artificial excess in the rent and price of land is not a Clear gain to you." There is no gain at all, and for this plain reason, that the ultimate incomings into the landowners' pockets have been diminished be., lo w what they would have been had the corn trade remained open, all over the country, and that In some of the southern counties rent has al- most totally disappeared. ‘Ve could name no blemen and gentlemen with thousands of acres on their hands, for which they would be glad to get 3s. per acre, and which, before the passing of the corn laws, and till their old tenants were ruined, used to produce from twenty to thirty shillings. If Lord MILTON thinks that the landowners do derive any be nefit whatever from the corn laws, the emanci pation of his mind from the prejudice we all have in favour of what we fancy to be our in terest, only does him the more credit. Enter taining this opinion, however, he exhibits to the landowners the manner in which the corn laws affect, first, agricultural labourers, second, their tenants, and lastly, themselves. The last topic he does not enter into at very great length, owing, probably, to his opinion of the laws being to a certain extent advantageous to them. With respect to agricultural labourers, he says : " During the ten years that elapsed from the year 1805 to the year 1814, both inclusive, the lowest yearly average of wheat was 9s. 2,1. a bushel (in 1807) ; the highest was 1 55. Bd. (in 1812) ; the mean price is 12s. sd. ; while the average of the whole period is 1 Is. 6(1. Now it ap pears from accounts kept in different and remote districts, which I have had an opportunity of examining, that in one of them, which is partly a manufacturing country, the highest wages given to agricultural labourers, during the e bove-mentioned period, was 155. a week (in 1813); and the lowest lls. a week. From 1814 to 1824 they were generally 135. or 145., and occasionally 159., never falling below 13s. Since 1824 they have been at 14s. and 15s. In another district (purely agricultural) the wages of farming labourers, from 1809 to 1815, were 12s. a week, and those of women, ss. ; in 1830 they were 125., and those of women, 4s. 6d. In a third, purely agricultural district, the highest wages given in the month of May, since the commencement of the war in 1803 , were 14s. a week (in 1812, 1813, and 1814), and the lowest 99. (in 1823.) The highest average price of wheat in the same period was in 1812 ; the lowest in 1822. " Let us now make some comparison between these wages and prices. The weekly consumption of wheat in a labourer's family, consisting of himself, his wife, and three children, may be stated at about two-thirds of a bushel; the amount of their enjoyments will therefore de pend, cceteris paribus, upon the excess of the weekly wages above the price of two.thirds of a bushel of wheat. Now, that excess was the greatest in 1814, viz. 7s. 11d. ; and the least in 1810, Is. 2,1. It will, however, be safer to draw our conclusions from periods of a moderate length, than from single years, Five y ears are, probably, as fair period as can be chosen, and the year 1810 (as the point of the highest alleged agricultural prosperity) will not improperly be taken as the centre year of one of these pe riods. Comparing then the wages, as stated in the an flexed tables, (in which the wages are those given in North imptonshire, and the prices those for all England,) with the price of two-thirds of a bushel of wheat, it ap pears, that in the first period of five years, ending with 1807, the average excess of the weekly wages above the price of two-thirds of a bushel of wheat, amounted to sl d. ; in the s econ d per i o d , en di ng w i t h 1812, i t was • 10d. ; in the third, ending with 1817, it was ss. Bd.; 'u the f ourt h , ending with 1822, it was ss. 10d. ; and in fb,e, last, endi ng w i t h 18 27 , i t was ss. 4d. It necessar i ly I ."° , va from thi s statement, t h at t h e period which is uni. W allyor cit e d as th at o f t h e greatest agr i cultural prosperity ,Precisely that in which th e sur pl us i ncome o f t h e la bourer was the smallest, and, consequently, that in which t he comforts of the agricultural population were the most abridged." Th e manner in which the ruin of the farmers has been brought about in consequence of the c orn laws is well stated. What occurred to them 1 11 the interval between 1815 and 1832 may ser ve to show them that till the Act of 1828 be r epealed, without any corn law at all being sub stituted in its place, except for the purposes of revenue, they for as ought to pay none but corn rents, mr as long as that act is in operation, so long must their situation progress from bad to worse. On the other hand, the rise in the price of corn, which would naturally, in the course of time, t ake place, in the event of such a repeal of the Act of 1828, ought to make landlords equally desirous of corn rents. But to return to the Pamphlet : speaking of tenants Lord MILTON say s " Relying upon the wisdom and upon the power of the legislature, they were induced by it to expect those prices for their produce, which the law, and the proceed '4s which led to its enactment, held out as the prices of grain to be m a i nta i ne d i n t hi s country. Th ey entere d Ipon, and continued upon farms, the rents of which were 'ut , ded u pon the prices held out to them by an act of Par iament. If prices rose to an extravagant height, as t hey d i d • in 1817, in consequence of the deficient harvest °f 18 16, the expectations of the farmers and land valuers yere raised s till hi g h er ; while, on the other band, if they fell below the Parliamentary standard, the fall was attri buted to some accidental and transient cause, and was ; s regard e d i n fi x i ng rents, both by the landlord, the va 'kler, and the tenant. " During the interval from 1815 to 1822 the farmer ex perienced the most extraordinary fluctuations in the Price of his merchandise—fluctuations arising from t he variations of the seasons, but aggravated by the s tate of the law, which either rigorously prohibited, or indiscriminately admitted, foreign corn.* What, how ever, I am particularly anxious to direct your attention to 1, , the utter inefficiency of the law to accomplish either of r te two purposes—of protecting the farmer from too low, and the consumer from too high, a price. In the spring if 1817 wheat sold at 120 s. a quarter ; in the winter of T 1721.2 i t sold at less than 40s. a quarter, the average of ~,„e Year 1817 being 945., and that of 1822 being 435. I Te high est pr i ce in Oxford at Lady-day, 1817, was ; at Michaelmas, 1820, 665. ; at Michaelmas, 1822, i n a quarter. Th e consequence o f t hi s state of things : O t have escaped your recollection. Great difficulties 0 1 been felt b y t h e agricultural interests in 1814, 1815, Pace sue e ; but the di ffi culties of all former years were dby the di s t ress o f the winter of 1821-2. The the hi, t ne y of ten ants at t hi s period was urparallelled i n °I I , of of the Act the agricultural classes, and the ine ffi cacy that an alter°f' 181 of 1822 but t he was so univers illy acknowledged, i 0 the law was made in the session cunastances whichtl,e alteration being contingent upon cir change never occurred, no permanent tookprac tical place till the year 1828, when the pre sent system was adopted. During that period, therefore, from 1815 to 1828, the Whit ry system of 1815 was in virtual operation. ll P o r° t fa fr s o ec m u re i d . from so y l o v u nc a anti d iminution of rental, yourwtenarnts" Your estates from injury, every landowner in Eng land y can n testify. lam here, however, principally entrea ting y our c onsideration to the e ff ects produced upon the agricult ural c ,api , ai of the countr y . Year aft er y ear t h e value of the tarmer's produce had been diminishing, till it fell to little More than half the price at which Parliament considered that he could be remunerated for his industry. Year after year he was deluded by fallacious hopes, excited by the law itself; his rent was paid out of his capital, instead of out of his profits, till that capital became insufficient for the proper cultivation of the land ; and then you yourselves began to feel the calamity by which many of your tenantry had been already overwhelmed." The note which Lord MILTON attaches to this • I purposely omit all reference to the currency question ; not because I disregard its effects, but because it does not apply tic clusively, or even peculiarly, to corn. melancholy, but true picture, cannot be too .pointedly urged upon the advocates of the system of pretended protection to agriculture. " It cannot," says his Lordship, " be alleged that these disasters, in which landlords and tenants participated, were occasioned by the want of adequate protection ; for, during the whole of this period, their interests were pro tected by that very law, which, at the time of its enact ment, was considered sufficient for its purpose by those who went great lengths in favour of the protecting system." There are one or two sentences in his Lord ship's address, which would seem to say, that his Lordship is aware that ultimately land lords can derive not even partial benefit from restrictive laws on the impoLtation of corn. His Lordship says, " The clothing districts of the West Riding of York shire export their manufactures by the rivers Aire and Calder, and while that navigation transmits the produce of their industry to other parts of Great Britain, and to foreign countries, it furnishes their inhabitants with corn imported from the East Riding and the northern parts of Lincolnshire. The annual average quantity of corn which thus ascends the Aire and Calder, for the supply of the clothing districts, amounts to 84.2,000 quarters, whilst 100,000 quarters are sent up the river Dun for the con sumption of Sheffield and its populous neighbourhood.— These 942,000 quarters, about half of which is estimated to consist of wheat, cannot be produced by the cultivation of much less than the same number of acres, a surface equal in extent to the county of Sussex. " Now, to put an extreme case, suppose some convul sion of nature were to annihilate Leeds and Sheffield, with their appendant towns and villages. It is obvious that the 942,000 acres, appropriated to their maintenance, must be thrown out of cultivation. Consequent upon the abandonment of these lands would be the diminution of the rent of the contiguous lands, then of lands some what remote, and, ultimately, of land generally. But if such would he the result of the destruction of this market for agricultural produce, it follows, that measures which tend to re , trict it, either by diminishing the number, or by abridging the comforts of the people, have a cor responding tendency to diminish the demand for agricul tural produce, and, ultimately, to injure the proprietors of land " Lord MILTON thus concludes, and we en treat our countrymen of all classes, but more espe cially landowners, to attend to his exhortation : .4 Look hack calmly upon the last seventeen years ; take a deliberate survey of the varying fortunes of the agricul tural classes during that period. Apply yourselves to the subject dispassionately. Assume, that the Corn Laws had effected their purpose with the most complete success ; that is to say, that they had prevented wheat from ever falling below 80s. a quarter ; and then calculate what must have been the effect of such a state of things upon every class of society, upon every interest, upo❑ every sec tion of the community. It you can but persuade your selves to sift carefully the arguments on either side; if you can hut divest yourselves of the desire to discover the truth in one direction rather than i❑ another; if, in short, you will but review the question with impartiality, I feel the most perfect confidence that you will very soon begin to entertain doubts upon it; and when doubts have been once awakened, I am satisfied that the same process, which changed my opinions, will change yours. Months, or perhaps years may elapse, before these operations can he effected ; but the force of truth is too great to be re sisted long ; and as I am sure that the great majority of you have no wish to resist her, I feel equally satisfied that wherever truth is to be found, you will, in the long run, be found also." There is only one point in this passage upon which we would warn the landowners that Lord MIL TON is mistaken. They will not be allowed years to make up their minds. We wish as earnestly as his Lordship that the Corn Laws may be repealed with their general concurrence, and not as a triumph over them ; but carried as a triumph that repeal assuredly will be, unless they speedily make up their minds to join in it. Let them remember that the robbed are as two to one to the robbers, and will, we trust, with the help of those who see that " honesty is the best policy," soon recover the rights which nature has given them. We refer to an article from the Times, under the usual head, respecting the mission of Lord DURHAM. COURT of BURGESSES, WESTMINSTER. (THIS DAY.) A Court of Burgesses was held at Guildhall, Westmin ster, this day, for the purpose of appointing the Annoy ance Juries for the City of Westminster, for the ensuing six months, and of receiving the report of the Juries whose period of service has expired. A great many tradesmen in the city of Westminster were fined in various sums from 2s. 6d. to 405., for using deficient weights and measures in their shops. Several persons not appearing to answer to their names on being called on as Jurymen, were fined 40s. for non attendance. The new jury and new special constables having been swor❑ in, the Court broke up. THE FUNDS.-(THIS DAY.) CITY, T WEL VE 0' CLOCK Lisbon Papers have been received (but no mail) to the 22d ult. They are entirely void of news; but we under stand that a vessel has arrived from Oporto at Plymouth, and the general report is, that a regiment of cavalry has gone over to Don Pedro, and that two more of infantry are waiting an opportunity to do the same. Montreal Papers to the Ist of September, and Quebec to the 31st of August, have been received at the North and South American Coffee-house. The Montreal Papers state that the cholera has consi derably abated, and business begins to revive. The Quebec Papers also state that, with the exception of two or three cases, all in the early part of the malady, no cases had occurred on Monday on either shores of the St. Lawrence, thirty miles below Quebec. THE FUNDS. Consols opened at the same price they left off at yesterday, 134-41- for the Account, and at which price they are at present, with nothing doing; the speculators are waiting to ascertain the prices of the French Rentes. The private letters from Oporto this - morning are of the 26th ult. ; great desertions had taken place, particularly in cavalry, from Dou Miguel's army. No general attack bad been made up to that date on the town, but informa tion had been received, should Miguel's troop+ make an attack, several of his regiments would join Pedro, as the army was in great want of provisions. In the Foreign Market nothing doing ; Portuguese Scrip has improved to 4i discount. We have just obtained an extract from the original letter from Oporto, dated the 26th ult.—" Some cavalry have come over, and the rest of the regiment say they will do the same when an opportunity offers. They have ceased throwing shells and bombs into the city, and made no further attacks since the 15th or 16th." HALF-PAST ONE. The private letters from Lisbon, dated the 21st ult., state that the small craft which Sartorius left behind has resumed the blockade of the Tagus. Nothing was known of the two squadrons on the above date, therefore it was presumed that they had sailed to the southward. Several letters are in town from Madeira ; some of them say that an expedition was preparing there for the attack of Terceira, which had a weak garrison. Consols, which were in the early part of the day at 844 for the Account, are at present Sq- 4 ; and for next time 844 i• In the Foreign Market little or nothing is doing ; Por tuguese Scrip is rather better, 48 to discount. THREE O' CL 0 CK. Consols for Account, 84 i i. We are requested to contradict a report that had found its way into many of the Journals, " that Sir J. M. DOYLE was going out to command the Portuguese army," there being no foundation for such a report. The gallant officer himself had never heard of such an appoint.. ment, and was aware that the command had been long since confided to his brave friend and fellow soldier, the Count DE VILLA FLOE, a nobleman whose high character, whose gallant bearing in the Peninsular war, and whose distinguish e d services in the present unhappy contest, had justly entitled him to the confidence of his sovereign and of his country. The report appears to have originated with a Country Paper, probably from this officer's having, in the former war, held a command in the Portuguese army. GUILDHALL.--(THIS DAY.) UNITED KINGDOM NEWSPAPER. James Smith, a Newsman, residing at 41, Milton-street, City, applied to Mr. Alderman Thorpe for a summons against the proprietors of the United Kingdom news paper, under the following circumstances. The com plainant stated, that about 7 or 8 months ago the pro prietors of the paper in question issued an advertisement, stating that a subscriber for 3 months to their paper would be entitled at the end of that period to a map of London taken from actual survey. In consequence of this advertisement the complainant cntained twenty-seven subscribers to the paper, and at the expiration of three months applied at the office, Red-lion Court, Fleet-street ; up to the present moment, however, although 7 or 8 months had elapsed, he had only been able to procure 20 maps, inconsequence of which, the subscribers who had not been furnished with them refused to pay for the papers. Under these circumstances lie felt compelled to apply to a a Magistrate for a summons, calling upon the proprietors of the paper to show cause why they refused to furnish him with the seven remaining maps. The complainant had applied to the Court of Request to compel the pro prietors to pay him the value of the maps, hut the Com missioners refused to interfere, considering it not a legal debt. Mr. Alderman THORPE was afraid the matter could only be considered by him in the light of a breach of con tract, for which the complainant had a remedy, but not before a magistrate. The worthy Alderman inquired the value of the maps? The complainant said the propri etors of the paper valued it at half a guinea, which was much more than its value. He had no doubt that people subscribed to the paper more for the sake of obtaining the map, than for the information it contained. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE-(THIS DAY.) FROM LLOYD'S. DEAL, OCT. 2.---Wind moderate.—Arrived the Sappho, Greenhow, from Quebec; Camilla, Smith, and Tropic, Anderson, from Jamaica ; Magnificent, Campbell, from Messina ; and A:ny, Tower, from Leghorn. Arrived from the river and remains the Boston, Bancroft, for China. Arrived off port the Luna, Roberts, from Ja maica ; and Brothers, Wylie, from Madeira. PORTSMOUTH, OCT. 2.—Wind W.—Arrived off port th e Caroline, Barnard, from Valencia ; and Laurel, —, from Bilbao. MARGATE, OCT. 2.—Arrived off port the Warrior, Ston.t, from Bengal, sailed the 9th Apri', and Madras the 22d May; Doncaster, , from Mauritius ; and Re covery, Conn, from Quebec. YOUGHAL; OCT. 1.-Arrived the Mary Ann, Lloyd, 'rom Quebec. SUNDERLANA, OCT. I.—Arrived off port the Royalist, Gal itia, and Ann, Richardson, from Archangel. SC•RBOROUGH, OCT. I.—Arrived the Speculator, Ward, and Guardian, Percy, from Archangel. YARMOUTH Roans, OCT. 2,—Arrived the Sceptre, Waller, from Archangel STANDGATE CREEK, OCT. 2.—Arrived the Minerva, Le Lachein, from Malaga. SHOREHAM, OCT. 2.—Arrived the Renown, Clark, from Oporto. PENZANCE, OCT. I.—Arrived the Phoebe, Gudge. from Miramichi. LIVERPOOL, OCT. I. —Arrived the Mary, Lee, from Buenos Ayres ; Lyra, Head, from Rio Grande ; Nesta, M'Lean, from New Orl,ans; Roscoe, Rogers, from New York; and Invulnerable, Wasp, from Newfoundland. DUBLIN, OCT. I.—Arrived the Czar, Ashwood, from Oporto ; and the Richard, Laidtnan, from Quebec. Off Cape Clear, the Star, from Smyrna. BRISTOL, OCT. 2.—Arrived the Galatea, Payton, from Jamaica. The Stamfordham, Leckie, bound to London, drifted upon some sunken rocks at Montreal, and was run on shore to prevent her sinking. She was full of water on the 29th of August. The Shepard, from Havannah, was lost on Carysfort Reef on the 4th of August. The crew and part of the c irgo saved. A vessel has arrived at Plymouth from Lisbon. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET OCTOBER MEETING. Newmarket, Tuesday. . . Of the three races yesterday the Grand Duke Michael alone requires any additional notice. It was a fast-run race. Salute made strong running for the first quarter of a mile, and then Galata went by her, keeping up the lead and the pace to the two-year-old post. Here Salute again went up, and the two ran together to the hill, where Galata began to fail. Margrave now came up, had a sharp struggle with Salute, and won by a neck with some difficulty. He was jockeyed by George Edwards. After this be was backed for the St. Leger (to be run to-morrow), the odds against him being g to 4, not p.p. (taken), and 6 to 4 p.p.; Beiram at about 2to 1. The following horses are expectd to start, in addition to these two; Lord Chesterfield's Non Compos, Lord Mountcharles's Minster, Colonel Peel's Archibald, and Mr. Chifney's Emiliana. A match was made yesterday afternoon between Mr. Thornhill's Farce, Bst. 101 b., and Mr. Gully's Carlton, 7st., to be run on Monday in the Houghton Meeting, 100 ft. T.Y.C. A few bets have been made on the Derby, averaging 11 to 1 agst Mr. Rawlinson's Revenge, 12 to 1 agst Lord Cleveland's Muley colt, 13 to 1 agst Captain Hunter's Forester, and 18 to 1 agst Glaucus. 1,400 to 100 taken each about; these four in one bet. The meeting is remarkably dull, the sport scanty, and the company more select than numerous. We have ob served the following fashionabies :—The Duke of Rutland, Duke of Grafton, Duke of Portland, Marquis of Exeter, Earl Mountcharles, Earl Verulam and Lady Catherine Grimston, Earl and Countess of Chesterfield, Earl of Jersey, Earl of Stradbroke, Earl of Orford, Lord George Bentinek, Lord John Fitzroy, Lord W. Paulett, Lord C. Manners, Sir M. Wood, Sir L. Glyn, Sir S. and Lady Graham, Hon. Colonel Russell, Hon. Colonel and Mrs. Anson, lion. Captain Rous, Hon. S. Wortley, lion. B. Craven, Colonel Peel, Colonel Udny, Captain Hunter, Captain Grant, Mr. Watson, M.P., Mr. C. Greville, Mr. C. Wilson, Mr. Payne, Mr. A. Hunter, Mr. Worrall, Mr. S. Stanley, Mr. Waddington, Mr. Newton, Mr. Batson, Mr. Thornhill, Mr. Roberts, M.P., Mr. Irby, Mr. J. Mills, M.P., Mr. and Mrs. Spalding, Mr. Hawker, Dr. Dowdeswell, &c. . . The only dinner party last night was at the Palace, where the Duke of Rutland entertained the Earl of Jersey, Lord C. Manners, Sir N. Wood, Hon. S. Wortley, Col. Peel, Mr. Irby, and Mr. Sloane Stanley. The sport to day is entirely without interest, the only race calculated to excite attention having gone off,—we mean the Cup challenge, between Lord Chesterfield's Priam and Si r M. Wood's Camarine, his L or d s hip h av i ng re signed the Cup, and paid 130 sous. forfeit. It is supposed that Priam is to be reserved for his match in the Houghton week, with Lord Cleveland's Emancipation, for 500 sove reigns each. The other races for this afternoon are two matches and a 504 Plate. The much-talked of nags, Ludlow and Fang, have reached Newmarket. Match, 200 h. ft., T.Y.C.—Lord Chesterfield's f. Dirce (Connelly), by Partian Antiope, beat Lord Mountcharles's c. by Buzzard, darn by Orville, by a length and a half. 6 to 5 on Dirce. Match,—Lord Jersey's Alea beat Lord Exeter's Bohe mian, T.M.M. 100, h. ft., by a length. 7 to 4 on Alea. Robinson rode the winner. 501., free for any horse, &c. 4-yr.-olds, and upwards. B.C. Mr. M. Wood's Lucettit, 6 yrs. (Robinson) 1 Lord Berners' Ringleader, .5 yrs 2 7tol on Lucetta. Won easy. Sir M. Wood's Camatine, 4 yrs., received 130 sovs. ft. and the Cup from Lord Chesterfield's Priam, 5 yrs., 8.C., for the Cup and 200 sovs. Kingston House Rooms, Tuesday Night. THE ST. LEGER.-(TO-MORROW.) 6 to 4 agst. Lord Exeter's Beirain, p.p., 6 to 4 agst. Mr. Gully's Hargrave, p.p., 4 to 1 agst. Colonel Peel's Archibald, p.p., 7 to 1 agst. Lord Mountcharles's Minster, p.p., 6t04 on two agst. the field. Hargrave backed freely at 7 to 4 and 2 to 1, p.p. The following new races closed this evening for to morrow : Handicap for two-year-olds. Frailty, Emery, foal of Ringdove, filly by Sligo, Tigress, filly by Sultan, filly by Merlin, dam by Phantom, and De ception. Handicap for all ages. Coroner, Vestris, Theban, Banquet, Silvertal colt, Waterwiteh, Marrowfat filly, Miss Mary Anne, Ciptain Arthur, and Blythe. The weights not out when our account left. ANGLING EXTRAORDINARY.—The most beautiful specimen of trout, ever found in the unrivalled streams of Great Driffield, was " lured from its dark re treat," and taken by Mr. Joni; DUNN, on Monday week. It measures 31 inches in length, 21 inches in circumfe rence, and weighs 171bs. For the inspection and admi ration of gentlemen anglers, this " monarch of the brook" is preserved, in a handsome glass vase, at Mr. F. DossoN's shop in the market place,— York Courant. FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE. WHITEHALL, SEPT. 29. The King, taking into his Royal consideration that, upon the decease of Robert, Earl of Buckinghamshire, the title and dig_ nity of Earl of Buckinghamshire devolved upon George Robert now Earl of Buckinghamshire, as eldest son of the late George Vere Hobart, Esq. (commonly called the Honourable George Vere Hobart), who was in his lifetime and at the time of his death heir presumptive to the said Earldom, whereby, accord ing to the ordinary rules of honour, the sisters of the said George Robert Earl of Buckinghamshire cannot enjoy that place and precedency which would have been due to them in case their said father, George Vere Hobart, had outlived the said late Earl, and had thereby succeeded to the said title and dignity, his Majesty has been graciously pleased to ordain and declare that Albina Jane, wife of Sir Augustus John Foster, Bart. ; Harriett, wife of Jasper Seityon Hagerman, Aide-de- Camp to the King of Denmark ; and Vere Catherine Louisa, wife of Donald Cameron, of Lochiel, Esq., sisters of the said George Robert now Earl of Buckinghamshire, shall have, hold, and enjoy the same titles, place, pre-eminence, and precedence, as if their late father had succeeded to the said dignity of Earl of Buckinghamshire. And his Majesty has been further pleased to command that the said Royal order and declaration ;be recorded in his College of Anna. FOREIGN OFFICE, Om 2. The King has been graciously pleased to appoint the Right Honourable Charles Augustus Lord Howard de Walden to be his Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipoten tiary to the Court yf Stockholm. The King has been graciously pleased to approve of Mr. Henry Van Nyvel as Consul at Cowes for his Majesty the King of the Belgians. WAR-OFFICE, OCTOBER 2 MEMORANDUM. The half-pay of the under-mentioned Officer has been can celled from the 7th September 183'2, inclusive, he having re ceived a commuted allowance for his c:mmislion : Deputy Assistant-Commissary-General Henry Erskine Head. - - The half-pay of the under-mentioned Officers has been can celled from the 2d instant, inclusive, they having accepted com muted allowances for their commissions : Cornet T. Coventry, half-pay Ist Dragoons. Ensign D. Mackenzie, half-pay 38th Foot. Assistant-Surgeon G. Hickman, half-pay, 98th Foot. Lieut. T. S. Price, half-pay Royal Waggon Train. Ensign T. C. Kenyon, half-pay lfth Foot. Lieut. A. H. Kelsey, half-pay York Hussars. Lieut. W. R. Meacock, half-pay 63d Foot. Ensign V. Davys, half-pay 88th Foot. Paymaster L. Castle, half-pay De Meuron's Regiment. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Dorset. Robert Williams, jun. Esq. to be Deputy Lieutenant, Sept. 1. Commissions by the Lord Lieutenant of the North Riding of the County of Yolk. North York Corps of Yeomanry Cavalry. Cornet C. L. Bradley to be Lieutenant ; It. M. Daniell, Gent. to be Cornet, vice Bradley, September 22. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Worcester. Worcester Yeomanry Cavalry. Cornet W. P. Phipson to be Lieutenant, vice J. Moilliett, re signed ; J. Rose, Gent. to be Veterinary Surgeon, vice English, deceased, Sept. 25. BANKRUPTS. SHADRACH POCOCK, Brighton, builder, to surrender Oct. 10, and Nov. 13, at one, at the King and Queen Inn, Brighton. Paterson, Mincing-lane, London. WILLIAM HUNTON, Leeds, linen-manufacturer, Oct. 10, and Nov. 13, at eleven, at the Court-house, Leeds. Wiggles. worth and Rid:dale, Gray's-inn-square, London ; Bloome and Gatliff, Leeds. JOHN SHALLOW FEAKS, Cambridge, cordwainer, Oct. Ifi, at one, and Nov. 13, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Tattershall, Great James-street, Bedford-row; Carman, Loth bury, official assignee. WILLIAM GEORGE CLOVER, Holborn, linen-draper, Oct. 11, at half-past one, and Nov. 13, at ten, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Turner, Basing-lane; Whitmore, Austin-friars, official assignee. WILLIAM MARSHALL and JAMES ELLIS MAR SHALL, Bradford, Yorkshire, worsted spinners, Oct. 11, and Nov. 13, at eleven, at the Exchange-buildings, Bradford. Em mett, New Inn, London ; Mossman, Bradford. CHARLES JONES, Birmingham, jeweller, Oct. 12, 13, and Nov. 13, at twelve, at the Globe Tavern, Birmingham. Gem and Son, Birmingham; Alexander, Gem, and Pooley, Carey street, Lincoln's Inn. JOHN WEBSTER, Lancaster, scrivener, October 30, at twelve, 31, at ten, and November 13, at twelve, at the King's Arms Inn, Lancaster. Cuvelje and Enfield, Raymond-build ings, Gray's-Inn, London ; Gregson and Mason, Lancaster. BRYAN BEWLEY, 'Wroughton, Wilts, corn-dealer, Oc. tober 12, and November 13, at twelve, at the Three Cups Inn, Bath. Harvey, Barnard's-Inn, Holborn; Hellings, Bath. JANE COLLINS, widow, Pulborough, Sussex, grocer, Oct. 9, at ten, and Nov. 13, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Green, King's Arms-yard, official assignee; Palmer and Co., Bedford-row. HENRY PEARCE, Bishopsgate-street-within, victualler, Oct. 12, at twelve, and Nov. 13, at eleven, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Kitchener, Lothbury, official assignee; Dawes and Co., Angel-court, Throgmorton-street. THOMAS COOKE, Birmingham, brass-founder, Oct. 16, and Nov. 13, at eleven, at the Royal Hotel, Temple-row, Birming ham. Messrs. Clarke, Richards and Medealf, Lincoln's-Inn- Fields ; Colmere, Birmingham. WILLIAM HOYLE and RICHARD EASTHAM, Lea. mill, Lancashire, woollen-manufacturers, Oct. 15 and 16, at nine, Nov. IS, at two, at the White Bear Inn, Manchester. Hardman, Rochdale; Hawkins, Bloxham; Stocker, Boswell-Court, City road, London. DIVIDENDS. J. and W. S. Tonge, Sittingbourne, Kent, linen-drapers, Oct. 25, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. H. L. Hunt and C. C. Clarke, York-street, Covent-garden, booksellers, Oct. 23, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. J. Ryalls, Fleet-lane, hardwareman, Oct. 25, at half-past twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. R. Ellis, Cirencester, GlOucestershire, mercer, Oct. 25, at half past eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. J. Tomsey, Little Marylebone-street, victualler, Oct. 23, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. J. Robertson, Whitstable, Kent, timber-merchant, Oct. 23, at half-past twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. J. Ditchman. Goldsmith-place, Hackney-road,builder, Oct. 26, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. M. B. and J. W. Harvey, Witham, Essex, bankers, Oct. 25, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. A. Cuthbert, Gutter-lane, merchant, Oct. 26, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. W. W. and J. Sanderson, Nicholas-lane, Lombard-street, in surance-brokers, Oct. 25, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. J. B. Harraden, Cambridge, upholsterer, Oct. 23, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. . . . . . . ~M. y Elgie, Worcestet, scrivener, Oct. 25, at twelve, at the Royal Hotel, Cheltenham. T. Clubbe, Chester, ale-brewer, Oct. 24, at ten, at the Old Nag's Head Inn, Chester. T. Walker, Burslem, Staffordshire, iron -founder, Oct. 20, at one, at the Leopard Inn, Burslem. J. Haworth, Burnley, Lancashire, ironmonger, Oct. 24, at eleven, at the office of Mr. P. Haydock, Preston. T. Dunsdon, Worcester, pastrycook, Oct. 29, at eleven, at the Hop-market Inn, Worcester. I'. S. Fox, Wells next the Sea, Norfolk, builder, Oct. 25, at ten, at the Crown Inn, Wells. W. Tickner, Tenterden, Kent, maltster, Oct. 24, at eleven, at the White Lion Inn, Tenterden. T. Laws, Chancery-lane, victualler, Oct. 25, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. CERTIFICATES.-Our. S. A. Mackenzie, sen., Old Dock, Liverpool, liquor-merchant. J. Bliss, Chichester-place, Gray's Inn-lane-road, baker. C. Frost, Sculcoates, Yorkshire, dealer. H. W. Smith, Greenwich, carpenter. J. Amphlett, Worcester, druggist. J. I'. Hyams, Liverpool, brandy-merchant. A. Cunningham, Liverpool, bricklayer. E. Meredith, Liverpool, victualler. J. Juby, Norwich, money-scrivener. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. J. Edgecumbe and N. Edgecumbe, Bristol, watchmakers. W. Croggon and J. Danford, Palace-row, New-road, stone masons. J. Johnston and J. Forton, London, merchants. W. Fisher and C. Aylward, Rye, Sussex, common brewers. J. W. Monteath and T. Sutton, Liverpool, wine-merchants. A. Harding and Co. Pall-mall, warehousemen, as far as regards J. Price. J. Shelton and. G. Harvey, Nottingham, bone merchants. W. Johnson and G. Johnson, Bishopsgate-street, tallow chandlers. S. Younge and". Co. Sheffield, Yorkshire, wine merchants. J. Scoles and Co., High Holborn, coach-makers, as far as re gards J. Scoles. . _ . . T. Clarkson, jun. and S. Parr, Liverpool, painters and glaziers. J. Wood and W. M. Richards, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, surgeons. CHOLERA ISIORBUS, OFFICIAL REPORT. CENTRAL BOARD OF HEALTH. COUNCIL OFFICE, WHITEHALL.-(THIS DAY.) DAILY REPORT of CHOLERA CASES. New Cases in Great Britain reported this day ...395 Deaths ..16S Recoveries 166 (Signed) WM. MACLEAN, Secretary.. THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE. The arrivals of Grain this week are tolerably good, with a fair return of Flour. The Wheat that was left over on Monday has met no buyers to-day, and the market must be again reported rather lower. Beans and Pease unaltered. Oats are very dull sale at the terms of Monday. Flour dull and unvaried. ARRIVALS. Wheat. Barley. Oats. I Flour. English Irish - Foreign - - brls. A young French Lady (Madlle. AMILIE DouLx) who has been educated at a boarding school near London, has lately been eulogized by the Parisian Journals as a singer of the very first order. She last month ob tained the " Premier prix du chant par acclamation et a l'unanimite des suffrages au concours du conservatoire de musique," and an engagement at the Italian Theatre soon followed. An opportunity will no doubt be afforded to this fair warbler to make her debut in London by LAP° RTE, to whom she would be a valuable acquisition on his re sumption of the management of the Italian Opera, and also in his musical department at Covent Garden, as she understands and speaks English correctly and fluently. Mademoiselle Dout.x will in all probability become a leading star in the musical world, as our friends on the other side of the water speak in the highest terms of her possessing very superior musical talents, considerable per sonal attractions, and lady-like manners. STRANGE BULL.—We copy the following paragraph from the Stockport Advertiser :—" Mr. CHARLES Waiairr.—This once celebrated purveyor of sparkling Champagne is now confined in a private lunatic asylum at Kensington. We gather this fact from a cu rious pamphlet on asylums, recently published by a Mr. GRIGG, who was for some time his companion in restraint, and who says he makes a point of never speaking; he declares he will never speak any more unless his wife ELiza. comes to see him ; he has been confined many months, and up to this moment has religiously kept Ms Ward: "—How does he ' declare' without speaking? COURT CIRCULAR. The Ministers of the Conference adjourned their meet ing on Monday evening for two hours. Their Excellen cies afterwards reassembled, and continued their delibe ra.ions for several hours. The Belgian Mini , ter visited Viscount PALMERSTON yesterday at the Foreign office. Viscount ALTHORF had also an interview with his Lordship. About 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon Prince LUMEN, the Russian Ambassador; Boron 13ut.ow, the Prussian Mini ster ; the Barron DE MARFUIL, the French Minister ; ti' Baron DE WESSENBURG. the Austrian Minister on a spe cial mission ; Count MATuszEwic, the Russian Minister on a special mission; and Baron DE NIEUMANN, the Aus• trian Charge d'Affaires, assembled at the Foreign-office, and resumed the Conference with Viscount PALMERSTON. Their Excellencies adjourned at 6 o'clock. _ _ The Master of the Horse transacted business at the Treasury on Monday. AaarvAL.—Viscount ALTHORP, on Monday evening, from Northamptonshire. The LORD CHANCELLOR will resume the business in the Court of Chancery on the Ist of Novem ber, which is the first seal-day of the term. Motions will be heard on the 2d, Bth, 15th, 22 , 1, and 26th ; petitions on the 3d ; rehearings and appeals on the other days 0 1 the week. The VICE-CHANCELLOR will also resume his sittings on the Ist of November. His Honour will hear 'notions on the ssme days appointed by the LORD CHAN CELLOR ; petitions o❑ the 3d ; pleas, demurrers, excep tions, causes, and further directions, from the sth to the 23d inclusive, except on the days appointed for motions and petitions, and short causes on the 24th. Mr. ROBERT GOURLAY, whose eccentrici ties excited so much attention some years ago, and who, we believe, was held to bail for threatening to horsewhip the present Lord Chancellor, has offered himself as a can didate for the representation of Fifeshire. In the begin ning of Mr. GOURLAY'S address he says—" Since the Re form Act requires no qualification, and being advised b) Counsel that any one may sit in Parliament, even for a county, I now offer myself as your Repre9entative." Hr concludes as follows :—" My property—a mere pittance— being out of my hands, and having no where to lay my head but for friendship and forbearance, I would require 5001. a-year for the due performance of services, which, I am sure, would be readily contribu'ed by the public at large, were lelected by you." . . - As an additionafe . vidence of the growingsenti ment in favour of the ballot, we may refer to what fell from several of the speakers at the North Walsham dinner last Wednesday from Lord SUFFIELD, Mr. COKE, Mr. KER, and Mr. PALMER. Mr. COKE said that it was the conduct of such men as the Duke of NEWCASTLE which had first shaken his opinion on this subject ; of that Duke, who had not only ejected a number of his tenants because they were opposed to him in politics, but even the poor milliners were the objects of his vengeance who had made cockades for the opposite party ! Mr. COKE said that, formerly, no one had been more hostile the ballot than aimself ; but since it was notorious that honest people had been deprived of their livelihood because they gave a conscientious vote in support of their political principles, he had begun to alter his opinion. Here we may observe that Lord SUFFIELD, adverting to his own conduct towards his tenantry, said, if they adopt the same line of politics as myself, they never have no► ever will find it obtain for them any personal advantage, and if they do not, they have never felt it to be a personal disadvantage to them. His Lordship appealed to many of those around him who knew the fact, for the truth of his declaration.—East Anglian, Norwich Paper. ERRATA.—There were two typographical errors in Dr. ELLIOTSON's introductory lecture at the London University, which appeared in this journal yester day. The sth and 6th paragraphs should have been one, so as to have run thus :—" One would naturally imagine that where the largest mass of people was collected, where the greatest accumulation of talent and information existed, where the means of instruction were the most abundant, and where the liveliest activity prevailed, in that spot would he seen, &c." In the last sentence the word immediate is twice printed for individual. _ _ Extract of a letter from St. Petersburg, dated September 18:—" The Custom-house warehouses, not withstanding the additions made to them, are still inade quate to the purpose of housing all the bonded good.. Large parcels of Havannab and Brazil sugar continue to be piled up in the open space called the square." It was reported in Chili, that the jewels of the Temple of the Sun, which, at the time of the conquest of Peru, the natives had concealed from the Spaniards. have been lately discovered near the Cerro de Pasco ; the value of them has been calculated at 180,000,000 f dollars. By this is meant, of course, Buenos Ayres cur rency, in which the dollar is valued at 7d. only, but that would still make the value amount to an enormous sum. Among the papers appended to the report of the Bank of England charter (which contain much cu rious information), is an account of the licenses granted in each year to country banks since the year 1808. It appears that the number granted in the last year was the lowest of any period since licenses have been granted, being 636. The number in 1809-9, was 702 ; the highest number was in 1813 14, viz. 910. From 1814 the number de clined rapidly, till in 1817 it fell to 752. It subsequently rose to 809, the number granted for the year from October, 1825, to October, 1826 ; it fell in the next year to 668, anti it has remeined very steady till the last two years, when it has been further reduced to the number we first stated. The number of commissions of bankruptcy issued against country banks has a!so much varied. The years in which these bankruptcies have Leen most numerous were the fol lowing :—ln 1793, 22 ; in 1810, 20 ; in 1812, 17 ; in 1814, 27 ; in 1815, 25 ; in 1816, 37 ; in 1825, 37 (ot which 30 were in the month of December) ; in 1826, 43 (of which 33 were in the first three months, making, with Dec., 1825, 63 in four successive months) ; in 1830, 14 We stated our belief a short time ago, that Government had some measure in view on the subject Burgh Reform, and this proves to be the case. In a re cent address to his constituents at Ayr, Mr. KENNEDY, now a Lord of the Treasury, says, " Among the many evils in the old system, the removal of which is in contemplation, I may, with propriety, refer to one which has long occupied my attention—l allude to Burgh Re form. This measure is part and parcel with what we have already gained, and follows it as a natural consequence. No delay is at all likely to arise, as foreseeing that its enemies might, under the cloak of a deficiency of informa tion, find =leans to retard its progress in the ensuing Parliament, I took the liberty of moving that a mass ot information be procured so as to prevent delay, and I trust it will have the desired effect. Mr. KENNEDY hints at another improvement likely to be productive of much advantage and accommodation to the putelic, namely, that of making the Sheriffs go on circuit through their counties. "It occurs to me (he says) that much benefit might result, and much trouble be spared to all parties concerned, by the Sheriff making a circuit of hi• county, and holding Courts at several stations. This proposition requires mature deliberation, and such it will receive from me before it comes under the consideration of Parliament." Hitherto, in this country, the accom modation of the public has been held subordinate to that of official persons. The Court of Session, for instance, shuts shop for four months at a time, and during that period, justice, in its highest capacity, is deaf as well as blind ! When there are ten cases arising in a country town and its vicinity, how much easier and more rational is it for the Sheriff and his clerk to convey themselves to the place in a post-chaise, than for forty or fifty indivi duals, parties, agents, and witnesses, to travel many miles to the capital of the county, and perhaps maintain themselves there for some days? The administration of justice needs to be overhauled in all its departments.— Scotsman. A clergyman, not quite a hundred miles front this place, preached a most edifying discourse on " Conte and draw water out of the wells of salvation, without money and without price." On the following week some of his parishioners took the liberty of drawing water front a very fine spring-well in the parson's garden, at which the learned divine was not a little nettled. Being re minded by the intruder of his text and sermon, the Rev. Gentleman replied, " You may draw as much water as ye like from the wells of salvation, but if you come here again, and take my water, I'se send a bullet through you." —Edinburgh Evening Post. BRIEF EPITAPH.— Dr. WALKER, among other things, wrote a work on the English particles, and this caused him to get the very short and pithy epitaph— " Here lie Walker's particles." SMOKING OUT THE CHOLERA. -- Some professional gentlemen from Inverness, having occasion to visit Cromarty last week, were seized at the entrance to the town, and told they must go to be smoked for the cholera, as they came from Inverness. They were accor dingly conveyed to the sea side, till they arrived at a wooden shed, where they were obliged to take off part of their clothes, wash themselves with a preparation of chloride of lime, and then enter a place strongly impregnated with sulphur and other ingredients, where they were locked up until half suffocated. Having undergone this salutary and rational process, the Invernessians were allowed to dress and depart,..../nrerness Courier. RPTRIT OP Tnr, PUTIT.TC, JOURNALS. By an express wilicii arrived yesterday from Paris, we learn that Marshal Soult has been no minated President of the Council, or, in other cords, Prime Minister of France ! We need not enlarge on the importance of such an ap pointment at the present crisis of affairs. The Marshal has had, of course, the selection of his own colleagues, who must be devoted to his system ; hut, whoever are the other members of' his Cabinet, its composition sinks into insigni ficance before the grand fact, that the first mili tary man in France is now at the head of its Government. The French will no longer have to complain that Louis Philippe acts as Presi dent of his own Council ; his Majesty will now be protected from such attacks by the broad shield or the Marshal's baton of his War Minister. It is said that the new Pre sident of the Council has caused it to be no tified to the Foreign Ambassadors at Paris, that the present system of Government will remain unchanged. This assurance was as ne cessary as it is tranquillizing; for a Minister who declared Paris in a state of siege, after the tu mult which threatened it had been quelled, would require to enter into such " recognizances to keep the peace" towards foreign nations. We well remember, and France can never forget, that when the French expedition passed the Belgic frontier in August last year, the Marshal exclaimed from the tribune, " They have en tered, but we cannot tell when they will re turn." The words were afterwards explained away, but the impression which they made can never be erased. The Marshal is one of those military men who call Belgium and the Rhine " our natural boundaries," and who probably would rather be the first French Viceroy at Brus sels than continue War Minister at Paris. He has evidently no great respect for the results of the July revolution, as they have brought no acces sion of territory. He belongs to that school of politicians who would rather make a conquest of provinces than of institutions, and who would regard nine new Belgic departments with more favour than all the improvements of the Charter. In this appointment we find another motive for desiring a speedy settlement of the Dutch ques tion. So long as that question remains un settled, the peace of Europe can never be gua ranteed for a month. Yet the Conference, after sitting on Friday, on Monday, and yesterday, has come to no definite conclusion. The three absolute Governments, though they concur in every suggestion for the arrangement of the dif ferences between the contending parties, stop short at any proposition of coercive- means of execution. Will they talk on, till Marshal Souk's troops pass the frontiers, and do the bu siness alone ? Times. We are assured by letters from Paris that Lord Durham's mission to St. Petersburgh is universally believed in the political circles to have been productive of the most beneficial re sults. Till his Lordship's interviews with the Czar and with his Ministers, the Russian Go vernment affected to distrust the sincerity of the English Cabinet, or to doubt the determina tion of the English people, on many questions of foreign policy of which they professed the adoption. His Lordship laboured, and la boured successfully, to undeceive them on these points, by showing them the immense changes which had lately taken place in public opinion in England ; the great influence which the Eng glish Reform Act was destined to exercise over the destinies of Europe, in their relation to this country; and the manifest interest which we had in uniting ourselves with constitutional States in opposition to absolute Governments, in the case of any general collision among the European Powers. Before his Lordship's expla nations and assurances on these topics, the Courts both of St. Petersburgh and Berlin imagined, or pretended to imagine, that we were not sincere in our alliance with France to preserve the general peace,and to act in favour ofliberty,—that we might easily be detached from the liberal system of foreign policy which we now professed--that in our remonstrances on the subject of Poland, our representations respecting the late ordinances of the Germanic Diet, and our resolution to settle the Belgic affairs on the footing of the late treaty, • we admitted the usual quantity of diplomatic hypocrisy. Lord Durham gave them new views on these points. He convinced them that the English Ministry was acting with perfect good faith, both in its menaces and in its engage ments—its opposition and alliances—that what• ever might be its own duplicity, it must be kept in the path of liberal politics by the new force given to popular control, and that even a Tory Government, though the present Cabinet were changed to-morrow, must pursue the same course, under the same influence. Our letters add a declaration of his Lordship, " that he has made a liberal of the Czar ;" and, what would appear almost incredible, were there not some ground for believing in this conversion, his Im perial Majesty has despatched Pone, di Borgo both to Berlin and to Vienna, to enforce the new views on Ancillon and Metternich. The late ordinances of the Germanic Diet have been the subject of conversation and discussion with his Lordship both at St. Petersburgh and Berlin, and the straightforward declarations of the Bri tish Cabinet, transmitted through him, that in case of any resistance by the smaller States, and the consequent advance of French troops to their assistance, against theirgigantic confederates, the whole moral influence of England, if not her sword, would be thrown into the scale of the Constitutional alliance, are said to have pro duced a great impression. The Court of Berlin, struck with this new view of things, is said to have expressed regret at the publication of the late ordinances, and a wish for their recall. It is believed that Austria will express the same regret and the same wish. Both of them admit that in acting as they have done they were de, ceived by the assurances of the Duke of Wel, lington and Lord Aberdeen respecting the apathy of the English people, and their aversion to a French alliance. We mention these facts as WO have received them from a known correspondent: we confess that we think our correspondent takes too sanguine a view of the success of the mission. We have no faith in the liberality of the destroyer of the Poles.--Times. We are far from approving of the system upon which the government of this country is con ducted, and we look forward with confidence to a time when the public good, and not the good of particular classes, will be the standard by which measures will be tried. But, in the mean time, we ought to distinguish between what Mi nisters can do under present circumstances, and what they may do under more favourable circum stances. The people were patient during the struggle for the Reform Bill ; they are somewhat too impatient since it has passed. Whey Forget that the Reform Bill can alone create the cir cumstances through which Ministers shall be enabled to approximate what the public good