The Sun. — London, England, 1822-01-01 00:00:00

ilsouli be carried thither in the vessels of the' country affording such supply ; and that the re ciprocity should be found in a corresponding ac ss'ammodatiou on the other side. By allowing each party to participate in the transportation of such supplies, on the payment of equal tonnage, o. strong proof was afforded of an accommodating spirit. To abandon to it the transportation of whole would be a sacrifice which ought not to he expected. The demand, in the present in . cause, would be_ the more unreasonable, in con, sideration of the inequality existing in the trade with the parent country. " Such, was the basis of our system, as es tablished by the Act of 1815, and such its true character. In the year in which this Act was sassed a treaty was concluded with Great Bri •ain, in strict conformity with its principles, in ,regard to her European Dominions. 'To her Co 'onies, however, in the West Indies and on this Continent, it was not extended ; the British Go -vernment claiming the exclusive supply of those colonies, and from our own ports, and of the pro slactions of the colonies in return, in her own vessels. To this claim the United States could IlDt assent, and, in consequence, each party sus nded the intercourse in the vessels of the other, by a prohibition which still exists. "The same conditions were offered to France, but not accepted ; her Government has demand ed other conditions more favourable to her na ligation, and which should give extraordinary encouragement to her manufactures and producs ;ions in the ports of the United States. To • 4.tiese it was thought improper to accede; and, in consequence, the restrictive regulations, which lsad been adopted on her part, being counter -sailed on the part of the United States, the di sect commerce between the two countries, in the vessels of each party, has been in a great mea sure suspended. It is much to be regretted, that, although a negotiation has been long pend ing, such is the diversity of views entertained or the various points which have been brought into discussion, that there does not appear to be any seasonable prospect of its early conclusion. 4C Et is my duty to state, as a cause of very great regret, that very serious differences have occurred in this negotiation respecting the con struction of the Bth Article of the Treaty of 1803, whereby Louisiana was ceded to the United States, and likewise respecting the seizure of the Apollo, in 1820, for a violation of our revenue laws. 'The claim of the Government of France has excited not less surprise than concern, be cause there does not appear to he a just founda tion for it, in either instance. By the Bth Ar ticle of the Treaty referred to, it is stipulated that, after the expiration of 12 years, during which it was provided, by the preceding or 7th Article, that the vessels of France and Spain shall be admitted into the ports of the ceded territory, without paying higher duties on mer chandize, or tonnage on the vessels, than such as were paid by the citizens of the United States, the ships of France should for ever afterwards be placed on the footing of the most favourable na tion. By the obvious construction of this article, it is presumed that it was intended that no fa vour should be granted to any power in those ports to which France should not be forthwith entitled ; nor should any accommodation be al lowed to -another power on conditions to which she would not, also, be entitled upon the same conditions. Under this construction, no favour, tio accommodation could be granted to any power, to- the prejudice of France. By allowing the equivalent allowed by those powers, she would always stand, in those ports, on the footing of the most favoured nation. But if this article should be construed as that France should enjoy of right, and without paying the equivalent, all the advantages of such conditions as might be al lowed to other Powers, in return for important concessions made by them, then time whole chas meter of the stipulation would he changed ; she would not be placed on the footing of the most favoured nation, but on a footing held by no other nation ; she would enjoy all the advantages allowed to them, in consideration of like advan tages allowed to us, free from every and any condition whatever. "As little cause has the Government of France to complain of the seizure of the Apollo, amid the removal of other vessels from the wa ters of the St. Mary's. It will not be denied that every nation has a right to regulate its com mercial system as it thinks fit, and to enforce the collection of its revenue, provided it be done without an invasion of the rights of other Powers. rl'lse violation of its revenue laws is an offence, which all nations punish, the punishment of which gives no just cause of complaint to the Power to which the offenders belong, provided it be extended to all equally. In this case every circumstance which occurred indicated a fixed purpose to violate our revenue laws. Had the party intended to have pursued a fair trade, and paid the duties, or had he intended to have car ried art 8 legitimate circuitous commerce with the United States, he would have entered the port of some other Power, landed his goods at the- Custom House according to law, and re shipped and sent them in the vessels of such Power, or of some other Power which might law fully bring them, free from such duties, to a port of the United States. But the conduct of the party in this case was altogether different. hie entered the river St. Mary's, the boundary between the United States and Florida, and took his position on the Spanish side, on which, in the whole extent of the river, there was no town, no port, or custom-house, and scarcely any settle ment. His purpose, therefore, was not to sell his goods to the inhabitants of Florida, but to the United States, in exchange for their produc tions, which could not be done without a direct and palpable breach of our laws. It is known that a regular systematic plan had been formed by certain other persons for the violation of our revenue system, which made it the more neces sary 443 check the proceeding in its commence vela. ' 4 ll - at the unsettled bank of a river so remote from the Spanish garrisons and population could give no protection to any party, in such a prac tize, is believed to be in strict accord with the law of nations. It would not have comported chie with a friend ly policy,in S pal nherself, tohave esta blished a custom house there, since it could have, subserved no other purpose than to elude our revenue laws. But the Government of Spain did not adopt that measure. On the contrary it is understood that the Captain-General of C'iba, to whom an application to that effect was made, by these ad venturers, had not acceded to it. The condition of those provinces for many years be fore they were ceded to the United States, need not now be dwelt on. Inhabited by different tribes of Indians, and an inroad for every kind of adventurer, the jurisdiction of Spain may be said to have been almost exclusively confined to her garrisons. It certainly could not extend to places where she had no authority. The rules, therefore, applicable to settled countries, govern ed by laws, could not be deemed so, to the de serts of Florida, and to the occurrences there. It merits attention, also, that the Territory had been ceded to the United States, by a treaty, the ramification of which had not been refused, and which has since been performed. Under such circumstances, therefore, Spain became less responsible for such acts committed there, and the United States more at liberty to exercise authority, to prevent so great a mis ' The conduct of this Government has, every instance, been conciliatory and friend ,y to France. The construction of our re venue law, in its application to such cases, which have formed the ground of such serious complaint on her part, and the order to the Col lector of St. Mary's, in accord with it, were given two years before these cases occurred, and in reference to a breach which was attempt ed by the subjects of another power. Its appli cation, therefore, to the case in question, was inevitable. As soon as the treaty, by which these provinces were ceded to the United States, was ratified, and all danger of further breach of our revenue laws ceased, an order was given for the release of the vessels which had been seized, and for the dismission of the libel, which had been instituted against her. 44 The principle of the system of reciprocity, founded on the law of the 31st March 1815, has been since carried into effect with the kingdom of the Netherlands, Sweden, Prussia, and with Hamburgh, Bremen, Lubeck, and Oldenburg, with a provision made by subsequent laws, in regard to the Netherlands, Prussia, Hamburgh, and Bremen, that such produce and manufactures as could only be, or most usually were, first shipped from the ports of these coun tries, the same being imported in vessels wholly belonging to their subjects, should be considered and admitted as their own manufactures and productions. " The Government of Norway has, by an Or dinance, opened the ports of that part of the dominions of the King of Sweden, to the vessels of the United States, upon the payment of no other or higher duties than are paid by the Norwegian vessels, from whatever place arriv ing, and with whatever articles laden. They have requested the reciprocal allowance for the vessels of Norway in the ports of the United States. As this privilege is not within the scope of the Act of the 3d of March, 1815, and can only be granted by Congress ; and as it may in volve the commercial relations of the Union with other nations, the subject is submitted to the wisdom of Congress. 44 I have presented thus fully to your view, our commercial relations with other powers, that, seeing them in detail with each power, and knowing the basis on which they rest, Congress may in its wisdom decide whether any change ought to be made, add, if any, in what respect. If this basis is unjust or unreasonable, surely it ought to be abandoned ; but if it be just and reasonable, and any change in it will make con cessions subversive of the principles of equality, and tending in its consequences to sap the foun dations of our prosperity, then the reasons are equally strong for adhering to the ground already taken, and supporting it by further regulations as may appear to be proper, should any additional support be found necessary. 44 The question concerning the construction of the first article of the treaty of Ghent, has been ) by a joint act of the Representatives of the United States and of Great Britain, at the Court of St. Petersburgh, submitted to the decision of his Imperial Majesty the Emperor of Russia. The result of that submission has not yet been received. The Commissioners under the 6th ar ticle of that treaty not having been able to agree upon their decision, their reports to the two Go vernments, conformably to the provisions of the treaty, may be expected at an early day. " With Spain, the Treaty of February 22, 1819, has been partly carried into execution. Possession of East and West Florida has been given to the United States; but the Officers charged with that service, by an order from his Catholic Majesty, delivered by his Minister to the Secretary of State, and transmitted by a spe cial agent to the Captain General of Cuba, to whom It is directed, and in whom the go vernment of those provinces was vested, have not only omitted, in contravention of the orders of their Sovereign, the performance of the express stipulation to deliver over the archives and docu ments relating to the property and sovereignty of those provinces, all of which, it was expected, would have been delivered,either before or when the troops were withdrawn, but defeated since every effort of the United States to obtain them, especially those of the greatest importance. This omission has given rise to several incidents of a painful nature, the character of which will be fully disclosed by the documents which will here after be communicated. 44 In every other circumstance the Law of the 3a of March last, for carrying into effect that Treaty, has been duly attended to. For the execution of that part which preserved in force, for the government of the inhabitants for the term specified, all the civil, military, and judicial powers exercised by the existing Government of those provinces, an adequate number of officers, as was presumed, were appointed and ordered to their respective stations. Both provinces were formed into oi,e territory, and a Governor ap pointed for it ; but in consideration of the pre-existing division ; and of the distance and difficulty of communication between Pensacola, the residence of the Governor of West Florida, and St. Augustine, that of the Governor of East Florida, at which places the inconsiderable po pulation of each province was principally col lected, two Secretaries were appointed, one to reside at Pensacola, and the other at St. Augus tine. Due attention was likewise paid to the execution of the laWs of the United States re lating to the revenue and the Slave Trade, which were extended to these provinces. The whole territory was divided into three collection dis tricts, that part lying between the river Saint Mary's and Cape Florida forming oae, that from the Cape to the Apalachicola another, and that from A palachichola to the Perdido the third. To these districts the usual num ber of revenue officers were appointed ; and, to secure the due operation of these laws, one judge and a district attorney were appointed to reside at Pensacola, and likewise one judge and a district attorney to reside at St. Augustine, with a specified boundary between them, and one marshal for the whole, with authority to appoint a deputy. In carrying this law into effect, and especially that part of it relating to the powers of the existing Government of those provinces, it was thought important, in consi deration of the short term for which it was to operate, and the radical . change which would be made at the approaching session of Congress to a.aid expence, to make no appointment which should not be absolutely necessary to give effect to those powers, to withdraw none of our citizens from other pursuits, whereby to subject the Go vernment to claims which could not be gratified, and the parties to losses which it would be pain ful to witness. " It has been seen with much concern that in the performance of these duties a collision arose between the Governor of the territory and the Judge appointed for the western district. It was presumed that the law under which this transi tory Government was organised, and the commis sions which were granted to the officers who were appointed to execute each branch of the system, and to which the commissions were adapted, would have been understood in the same sense by them in which they were understood by the executive. Much allowance is due to offi cers: employed in each branch of this system ; and the more so, as there is good cause to believe that each acted under a conviction that he possessed the power which he undertook to exercise. Of the officer holding the principal station, I think it proper to observe, that he accepted it with re luctance, in compliance with the invitation given him, and from a high sense of duty to his coun try, being willing to contribute to the consum mation of an event which would insure complete protection to an important part of our union, which had suffered much from incursion and in vasion, and to the defence of which his very gal lant and patriotic services had been so signally and usefully devoted. " From the intrinsic difficulty of executing laws deriving their origin from different sources, and so essentially different in many important circumstances, the advantages, and indeed the necessity of establiping, as soon as may be practicable, a well-organized Goveenment over that territory on the principles of our system, is apparent. This subject, therefore, is recom mended to the Pearly consideration of Congress. " In compliance with an ,injunction Of die law of the 3d of March last, three Commissioners have also been appointed, and a board organized, for, carrying into effect the eleventh article Of the treaty above recited, making provision for the payment of such of our citizens as have well founded claims on Spain, of the character specified by that treaty. This board has enter ed on its duties, and made some progress therein. The Com missioner and Surveyor of his Catholic .I ajesty, provided for by the fourth article of the treaty, have not yet'arrived in the Unit ed States, but are soon expected. As soon a s the y do arrive, corresponding appointments will be made, and every facility af forded for the due execution of this service. " The Government of his Most Faithful Majesty, since the termination of the last Session of Congress, has been removed from Rio de Janeiro to Lisbon, where a revolution similar to that which had occurred in the neighbouring kingdom of Spain had in like manner been sanctioned by the accepted and pledged faith of the reigning Monarch. The diplomatic in tercourse between the United States and the Portuguese domi nions, interrupted by that important event, has not yet been resumed ; but the change of internal administration having al ready materially affected the commercial intercourse of the United States with the Portuguese dominions, the renewal of the public missions between the two countries appears to be ad. visable at an early hour. " It is understood that the colonies in South America have had great success during the present year, in the struggle for their independence. The new government of Columbia has extended its territories and considerably augmented its strength, and at Buenos Ayres, where civil dissension had for sonic tune before prevailed, greater harmony and better order appear to have been established. Equal success has attended their ef forts in the Provinces on the Pacific. It has long been mani fest that it would be impossible for Spain to reduce these colo nies by force, and equally so, that no conditions short of their independence would be satisfactory to therm It may, there fore, be presumed, and it is earnestly hoped, that the govern ment of Spain, guided by enlightened and liberal councils, will find it to comport with its interests, and due to its magnanimity, to terminate this exhausting controversy on that basis. To pica- mote this result by friendly counsel with the government of ' Spain, will be the object of the government of the United States. " In conducting the fiscal operations of the year, it has been found necessary to carry into full effect the act of the last Ses sion of Congress authorising a loan of five millions of dollars. This sum has been raised at an average premium of five dol lars fifty-nine hundredths - per cent. upon stock, bearing an in. terest at the rate of five. per cent per annum, redeemable at the option of the Government after the Ist of January, 1835. " There has been issued, under the provisions of this Act; 4,735,296 dollars, 30 cents.' of 5 percent. stock ; and there has been, or will be redeemed during the year, 3,19740 dollars 71 cents. of Louisiana fi,per cent, and deferred stock, and Mis sissipi stock. There has, therefore, been an actual increase of the public debt, contracted during the year, of 1,538,266 dol lars 69 cents. " The receipts into the Treasury from the Ist of January to the 30th of September last, have amounted to 16,219,197 &A lars 70 cents , which; with the balance of 1,198,461 dollars '2l cents. in the Treasury on the former day, make the aggregate s um of 17,417, 658 dollars 91 cents. " The payments from the Treasury during the same period have amounted to 15,645,283 dollars 47 cents. leaving in the Treasury on the last mentioned day, the sum of 1,762,370 dol lars 44 cents. It is estimated that the receipts of the fourth quarter of the year will exceed the demands which will be made 'on the Treasury during the same period, and that the amount in the Treasury on the 30th September last will be increased on the first day of January next. " At the close of the last session it was anticipated that the progressive diminution of the public revenue in 1819 and 1820, which had been the result of the languid state of our foreign commerce in those years, had in the latter year reached its extreme point of depression. It has, however, been ascertained. that that point was reached only at the termination of the first quarter of the present year. From that time until the 30th of September last, the duties - secured have exceeded those of the corresponding quarters of the last year, one million one hun dred and seventy-two thousand dollars, whilst the amount of debentures issued during the three first quarters of this year is nine hundred and fifty-two thousand dollars less than that of the same quarters of the last year. " There are just punds to believe that the improvement which , has occurred in o the revenue, during the last mentioned period,. will not only be maintained, but that it will prof, increase through the next and several succeeding yea that s , so as to realize the results which were presented up subject, by the official reports of the Treasury, at the com mencement of the last session of Congress. " Under the influence of the most unfavourable circum stances, the revenue for the next and subsequent years, to the ear 1825, will exceed the demands atprcsent authorised by law. " It may fairly . be presumed that, under the protection given to domestic manufactures by the existing laws, we shall become, at no distant period, it manefacturing country, on an extensive scale. Possessing, as we do, the raw materials in such vast amount, with a capacity to augment them to an indefinite ex tent—raising within the country aliment of every kind to an amount far exceeding the demand for home consumption, even in the most unfavourable years, and to be obtained always at a moderate price—skilled also as our people are in the mechanical ' arts, and in every improvement calculated to lessen the demand for and the price of labour, it is manifest that their success in every branch of domestic industry may and will be carried, under the encouragement given by the present duties, to an ex tent to meet any demand which, under a fair competition, may be made on it. " A considerable increase of domestic manufactures, by di minishing the importation of foreign, will probably tend to les- . sen the amount of the public revenue. As, however, a large proportion of the revenue, which is derived from duties, is raised from other ar ticles than manufactures, the demand which will increase with our population, it is believed that a fund will still be raised from that source, adequate to the greater part of the national expenditures, especially as those expenditures, should we continue to be blessed with peace, will the p i o c in so l k ti s o bytthhee augmentation o d f o c th k e _ b y e ar d d i s m , navy to the point to 1%111(11 it is proposed to carry it, and b y the inished p a yment of the public deb t, includin g pensions for military ot b h y er services. " It cannot be doubted, that tile more complete our inter nal resources, and the less dependent we are on foreign powers,• for every national, as well as d omes tic purpose, the greater and more stable will be the public felicity. By the increase of domestic manufactures, will the demand'for the rude materials at home be increased, and thu s will the dependence of the several parts of our Union depend on each other, and the • strength of the Union itself be proportionably augmented. In ',this process, which is very desirable, and enviable under the 'existing duties; the resources which, obviously present them selves to supply a defiCiency in the revenue, should it occur, ate the interests which may derive the principal benefit from the change. If domestic manufactures arc raised by duties on foreign, the deficiency in the fund necessary fo r p ublic pur poses should ' be supplied by duties on, the former. At the last Session, it seemed doubtful whether the revenue derived from the present sources would be adequate to all the great purposes of our Union, including the construction of our fortifications, the a ugmentation of our navy, and the protection of our com merce against the dangers to which it is exposed. Had the de ficiency been such as to subject us to the necessity, either to abandon those measures of defence, or to resort to other means of adequate funds, the course presented to the adoption of a virtuous and enlightened people appeared to be a plain one. It must be gratifying to all to know, that this necessity does not exist. Nothing, however, in contemplation of such im portant objects, which can!be easily provided for, should be left to hazard. It is thought that the revenue may receive an aug mentation from the existing sources, and in a manner to aid our manufactures, without hastening permanently the result which has been suggested. It is believed that a moderate additional duty on certain articles would have that effect, without being liable to any serious objection. "'The examination of the whole coast, for the construction of permanent fortifications, from St. Croix to the Sabine, with the exception of a part of the territory lately acquired, will be completed in the present year, as will be the survey of the Mis sissippi, under the resolution of the House of Representatives, from the mouth of the Ohio to the Ocean ; and likewise of the Ohio from Louisville to the Mississippi. A progress, corres ponding with the sunis appropriated, has also been made in the construction of these fortifications, at the points designated- - As they will form a system of defence for the whole maritime frontier, and, in consequence, for the interior, and are to last for ages, the utmost care has been taken to fix the position of each work, and to form it on such a scale as will be adequate to the p u rpose intended by it. All t h e inlets and assailable parts of our Union have been minutely examined, and positions taken, with a view to the best effect, observing, in every in stance, a just regard to economy. Doubts, however, being en tertained as to the propriety of the position and extent of the work at Dauphine Island, further progress in it was suspended, soon after the last Session of Congress, and an order given to the Board of Engineers and Naval Commissioners, to make a further and more minute examination of it in both respects, and to report the result without delay. " Due progress has been made in the construction of vessels of war, according to the law provided for the gradual augmen tation of the navy, and to the extent of existing appropriations. The vessels a uthorised by the Act of 1820 have all been com pleted, and are now in actual service. None of the larger ships have been, or will be, launched, for the present, the ob ject being to protect all .which may not be required for hume diate service front decay, by • suitable buildings erected over them. A squadron has been maintained, as heretofore, in the Mediterranean, by means whereof peace has been preserved with the Barbary Powers. This squadron has been reduced in the present year to as smell a force as is compatible with the fulfilment of the object intended by it. From past experience, and the best information respecting the views of those Powers, it is distinctly understood that, should our squadron be with drawn, they would soon recommence their hostilities and de predations upon our commerce. Their fortifications have lately been rebuilt, and their maritime force increased. It has also been found necessary to maintain a naval force in the Pacific, for the protection of the very important interests of our citi zens engaged in commerce and the fisheries in that sea. Ves sels have lately been engag 'ed in cruising along the Atlan tic coast, in the Gulf of Mexico, on the coast of Africa, and in the neighbouring seas. In the latter many piracies have been committed on our commerce, and so extensive was becoming the range of those unprincipled adventurers, that there was cause to apprehend, without a timely and decisive effort to suppress them, the worst consequences would ensue. Fortu nately, a considerable check has been given to that snint by our cruizers, who have succeeded in capturing and destroying several of their vessels. Nevertheless, it is considered an ob ject of high importance to continue these cruisers until the practice is entirely suppressed. Like success has attended our efforts to suppress the slave trade. Under the flag of the United States, and the sanction of their papers, the trade may be considered as entirely suppressed ; and, if any of our citizens are engaged in it, under the flags and papers of other powers, it is only from a respect to the right of those powers , tha t these offenders are not seized and brought home, to receive the pu nishment which the law inflicts. If every other power should adopt the same policy, and pursue the same vigorous means for carrying it into effect, the trade could no longer exist. • " Deeply impressed with the blessings which we enjoy, and of which we have such manifold proofs, my mind is irresistibly drawn to that Almighty Being, the great source from whence they proceed, and to whom our most grateful acknowledgments are due. " JAMES MONROE." " Washington, Dec. 3. 1821." AGRICULTURE•. MONTHLY REPORT FOR DECEMBER. The floods and water-sodden state of the soil, in many parts, have prevented wheat sowing or fallowing the land 'at the regular season. In the mean time, the mild temperature , of the whole autumn has pushed forward all the early sown Wheats to a height and luxuriance scarcely ever before witnessed. The present has been altogether a wet half-year :in the first half of the year the depth of rain was below the average, but the last 3 months have swelled the annual fall in Middlesex to an ex cess of nearly double the annual average. In tha y ha th s e n l o )a t r o o c m c e u t r e r r e( p i re ti s i e e i s i e te 3 d a phew,- last two months the fall has been 13 inches (6 1 - per month,) fl ooding all low lands, and destroy -5 years— lug the agricultural and gardening crops. On (rn i t'Ae'fnreiflit'nt o '' ':ls 2 i B de - 1 05, and on the '2st h , at 7 A. M. was a s t . while the day was clear, 17:',1:1, 1 r -.)d the thermometer 47 ,between which and 56, the latter has ranged thr ough the the month,wi nd the prevailing winds bein g S. W., with v ery s liAt m orning frosts, and , no snow. We are happy to state that the Pheenix,WEA- TuERHEAD, With 180 'convicts, from Portsmouth for New South Wales, which sailed on Thursday se'nnight, is at anchor in safety under Dungeness. —ft has been stated as a report in some of the London Papers, that this ship had been lost on the 0 wers, but we are happy to add that there is no appearance whatever of any wreck there. FOREIGN INTELLIG PATE. PARIS, DEC. i9.—The ill-disposed have been at work for some weeks on a new plot against to at the King's Government. They proposed tempt a coup de main against the chateau of Saumur. General Jambi being informed of this plan by General Gentil Saint Alphonse, left An gers on the morning of the 3 and proceeded towards Saumur with two companies of the 44th regiment of the line. Satisfied, however, by fresh information, which reached him during thil march, the General ordered one of the companies to retrograde. On the 23d eight sub-off►cers of the school of Saumur were arrested. The pupils themselves were charged with this duty, and - performed it. Several of them at the same time repaired to the Commandant of the De— partment, to give information. An Adjutant sub-officer of the 4 Ith regiment has been ar rested at Angers. A sergeant-major of the same regiment has also been arrested. AM. Delon, pointed out as one of the principal agents of the plot, fled at the moment of the arrival of the troops. The trial is in progress before the mili tary tribunals. Lieutenant-Ge►►eral Vicomte de Bridle, Commandant of the division, arrived at Saumur at ten o'clock on the morning of the 25th. lie was to be followed by 400 troops of the line, but he has ordered them to return to Tours.— (Moniteur.) It was confidently reported to-day that an ex press arrived yesterday at a Banking ..liouse bri►►ging certain news from Constantinople.— [The remainder of this article is suppressed by the Censorship.] The wound of the Viscount de Montolegier is doing well. Letters from Leipsic, dated December IS, state, that an account had been received there of a grand council held at Petersburgh, and pre sided by the Emperor Alexander, at which de cisive measures were adopted with respect to the Porte. On the breaking up of the Council, se veral couriers were despatched to the southern provinces of the Russian empire. General Bertrand has arrived at Mutfich, and it is said is to proceed to Vienna. Private letters from Turin and Milan state, that several persons of distinction have lately been arrested in those cities, some of whom' had figured in the events of last year, but had since enjoyed the protection of the Austrian com manders. Three young ladies of distinguished rank in Milan are among the number of the ar rested, and were guarded in their houses by centiuels placed at their doors. The guard has, owever,been withdrawn, as being at least useless. he tribunal charged with the proceedings against e persons arrested at Milan has been removed to Venice. CHAMBER OF PEERS, DEC. 28. The Projet de Loi relative to the three-twelfths was adopted unanimously. A Deputation wai then appointed to wait on the King, and to pre sent to him the compliments of the Chamber on the New Year. FnF.NCIS FUNDS. Dee. 28, Five per Cents. VIENNA, DEC. 18.—The news respecting the revolution at Constantinople is not yet confirmed, but the last accounts from that capital mention that the Mussulmans were guilty of the worst excesses, similar to those perpetrated during the period which was marked by the murder of the Patriarch Gregory. The remonstrances of the English and Austrian Ambassadors have pro duced renewed orders from the Porte for the main tenance of order, but with little effect ; and it is affirmed that all the Christian Ministers at Con stantinople are taking measures for the safety of their families and suites. Two armies are as sembling in the neighbourhood of the Turkish capital to cover Constantinople, and, in case of necessity, to sustain a siege ; and some corps which were marching towards the Danube have received counter-orders. • SPAIN, MADRID, DEC. 17.—The events of Corttnl4- have taken a more favourable turn. Mina had delivered up the military command of the pro vince to Camp-Marshal Don Ramon Lopez, Sub- Inspector of Engineers, who caused General Lastre to be recognized as General Commandant of the Province. Every thing that has been (lone induces us to believe (says The Universal) that in this affair General Mina only followed the orders given him by General Lastre. It appears that the dissatisfied party at Co• runna had endeavoured to engage the people of Ferrol in their schemes ; but the tnarititne coca, mauder of that port defeated their object by his constitutional firmness. It is already announced as a certain fact, that the King will adopt the measures proposed to him in the message agreed to in the Cortes.. We are assured that he will immediately transmit it to the Council of State, in order to adopt an opi nion thereon, viz. in the case of his dismissing the Ministers, to consult who are to be their suc cessors. . In the sitting of the Cortes, of the 13th, Fe. lieu, Minister of the Interior, and Pellegrino Minister of the Colonies, defended themselves boldly.' The former went back to the precediirg administration for the causes of the evil. He replied to all the points of the report of the Committee. The latter stated seven causes of the present difficulties : 1. A general discontent. 2. The new offices, which had excited the ambition of a great number of persons. 3. The birth of a violent party, which owes its origin to the vanity its members possess in wishing to raise themselves above their equals, and even above their superiors. On this occa sion the Minister said that the events of Cadiz had not been described as they really occurred. A. citizen, added he, who has had th e honour cf sitting in this assembly, Don J. Moreno Guerra, excited discord at Cadiz, Ceuta, and other places. The 4th cause was the abuse of the liberty of the press. The sth, the discredit of the Treasury. . None of the measures decreed by the Cortes had