The Sun. — London, England, 1847-11-04 00:00:00

IMPORTANT from SWITZERLAND (From the Journal des Debuts.) Lted in ti The grality and extent of the news which we have received from Switzerland have made us resolve to publish a half-sheet, notwithstanding the solemnity of All Saints-day. We were not ill-informed yes terday, when we announced that the deputies of the Sonderbund had quitted the Diet and Berne. This event has now become notoriously public. Thus the last thread which held back a catastrophe long fore seen, and ready to burst forth at any moment, is broken, and, probably, blood has already been shed. The circumstances which immediately preceded the last attempts made by the deputies of the Sonder bund to avert this disaster and save Switzerland from its effects, their endeavours to bring about a recon ciliation consistent with honour and security, the disdain with which the Radicals received these advance, their manifest wilfulness to decide by force of arms a quarrel which themselves have provoked— all this history of the two days is of the most serious interest, and merits being related. M. Sarrasin, deputy for Bale Town, having called a meeting of the deputies of the majority at his own house, to make another essay to bring about, upon friendly grounds, a reconciliation so desirable, Messrs. Bernard Meyer, Fournier, Bossard, and Muller, went to him in the evening of the 27th. at his residence, the Hoiel du Faucon. A little time afterwards came in M. Naeff, of St. Gall, and M. Boeschenstein, of Schaffhausen. M. Nieff suggested that the question of the Jesuits should be submitted to the Pope. M. Bernard` Meyer at once declared that the seven cantons would readily assent to such a solution, par ticularly if, at the same time, p the question of the con vents was also submitted to his Holiness. The two parties, thinking that it might be possible to negotiate upon these bases, agreed to propose the adjournment of the sitting of the Diet until the 29th, in order to have the next day, the 28th, a friendly meeting of the representatives of every opinion. M. Naeff expressed a hope that the majority would be disposed to lend itself to a compromise, and the meeting separated with hearts full of hope. On the following day the deputies of the seven cantorta came to the confe rence. They soon noticed the arrival of Messrs. Naeff, Manzinger, Furrer, and Kern, but these were all who came. The deputies of the Sunderbund could not help, on seeing this, entertaining an unfavourable presentiment. M. Bernard Meyer re peated the proposition of the preceding day, and as M. Naeff observed that this was no more than a per siinal opinion, the Deputy from Lucerne then made the proposition in his own name, that the que s tion o f the - Jesuits should be referred to the Pope. M. Manetinger objected that, although such an arbiter might be acceptable to Catholics, there were a great number of the states forming the majority who be longed to the Protestant Church. M. Furrer said that the majority would not consent to any other pro position than that the seven cantons should send a deputation to the Pope, entreating him to recal the Jesuits. This would be to require purely and simply the exclusion of the Jesuits, without deviating the breadth of a line from the pretensions so frequently expressed. It Lucerne wished to send away the Jesui!s, it had no need to ask the Pope for permission. This was also the reply of M. Bernard Meyer, who added that they would make no con ceesion, and only wanted to have concession made to them. Ile letrenelerl what guarantee would be given them, if they sent away the Jesuits, that their independence, which we:s threatened, should remain untouched ? To this question no answer was given. M. Meyer then formally put his pro positions, ()axing to present them to the Diet in the name of the seven cantons—the propositions of Zug as the basis of the negotiation, and not as an ulti matum, on condition that both sides should lay down their arms. The distinctness of this language greatly embarrassed the Radic a l s . M. Furrer declared that this condition was inadmissible ; that the Diet had appoieted a commander-io-chief—had decreed the formation of an army—had chosen a staff, and there fore would net put a stop to all this movement—that they were met cone to make propositions, or to accept any, but only to listen to those which might be made to them. This speech made the most painful im pression upon the envoys from the seven cantons. M. Bernard Me . ) er replied—Nothing is left for us but to retire. Your plan is too evident fir us to render our selves accomplices in it—you give us no answers ; you will enter into in engagements-your only object in Legetilting is to create delay, and gain time to collect your forces ; and, when they are ready, you will bring them down upon U 3 and crush us. We cannot submit tethis scheme. Upon this all arose-, M. de Calm°, deputy for Neufchatel, with an emotion which almost deprived him cf the power of speech, ereisped the hand of M. Bernard Meyer, saying, "It is but too evident! They wish not for wee means of conciliation !" Thus terminated the conference. The deputies of the seven cantons came to it with the most pacific intentions, ready to do any thing consistent with honour and duty to avoid war, and hoping that they would find similar dispositions in the minds of their confederates. But they found only enemies, resolved to snake no concessions, but decided open submitting all to the arbitrament of arms. On the subsequent day they went to the Diet, and, although unattended by hope, renewed their endeavours at reconciliation. The first proposal anade by M. Bernard Meyer was that both parties should diiartn themselves and then negotiate. As suredly this offer was serious. To negotiate with benefit, peace must be desired, and consequent 4r the first step s h ou ld b e to renounce war. This peO position was put to the vote, but rejected by the twelve. Again the same deputy got up and laid on the table a note, comprising the preceding proposition of the canton of Zug, and signed by the deputies of the seven cantons. M. Bossard explained that this was not meant as an ultimatum, but only as a basis for a negotiation. This propOsition also was rejected by the majority of the twelve. While M. Bernard Meyer was calling God to witness that the most ardent wish of the seven cantons was to save their common coun try from the scourge of civil war, a deputy inter rupted him with a most gross and insuring apos trophe. lle complained of this, and demanded th a t the deputy s h ou ld b e ca ll e d to order. This was voted, but only by the seven cantons, with Neufchatel and Appenzel interior, Bale Town abstaining from voting at all. Seeing all their attempts at conciliation treated with disdain and repulsed, and every hope of an amicable settlement vanish away, the deputies of the seven cantons read to the Diet ii•y the represen tative of Lucerne, the solemn declaration which we subjoin, founding upon incontestable facts the con duct they had resolved to pursue. They demonstrate that the majority has already declared war against the seven cantons. They recapitulate all the attempts at conciliation which have been made without effect ; the propositions to this end made by Zug as a basis for negotiation; the question of the Jesuits submitted to the arbitrement of the univer sally venerated head of the Catholic Church ; the proposition, made with a sincere love of peace, that both parties should disarm themselves, and hold an amicable assembly together to confer on the means of establishing peace. " All these propositions," say the deputations, " even the last, have been rejected. It his, therefore, evident that there is no desire for a pacific solution, however honourable to both parties, and that another is sought for through the paths of blood." M. Bernard Meyer deposited with this de claration a manifesto, which we also publish. This done, he and all the other deputies of the seven can tons rose together and withdrew from the hall. The Radicals affected to regard this scene with indiffer ence, and M. Druey, the deputy for Vaud, cried out aloud—" A good journey to you." The President this endeavoured to continue the order of the day. Thee whole of this sitting, writes our correspondent, presented a most striking spectacle. On one side a hysiognomy of conviction, simplicity, and dignity, a TGainful but noble and profound feeling ; while on the other side notillig was to be perceived but mockery, and real or affected lightness and indifference. The deputies of the ;even cantons left Berne on the 29th, at two o'clock. They went openly in their siers wearing ,r carriages, with their huis great crowd assembled the colours cf th e i r can t ons. A before the residence of the envoys from Lucerne to see them d e p ar t. Th e peo ple were evidently with emotion an d i nqu i etu d e, but not a si ng l e cry was y i t a tered. It i s k nown t h at the Governm en t of Vaud pending all j u di c i al proceedings rendered a d ecree sus- The Governme n t o f Berne has unt i l further orders. e has followed this which will, undo u bt e dl y b e imitated bexample' y oth Thus the course 6f Justiceis inteer cantons. ru greatest part of S w it zer l and. The r i ted in the of Neufchatel assembl e d on the 29th, and body decid e d , by a majority of 73 ageinst 12, th, t the tro canton should not mar c h aga i nst the Sonder r of the The Helatie announces th a t at B erne, on theu Sonderbund. M. de Calame, deputy to the Di e t from Neufchateleth , went to M. Ochseubein, and announced to him this iOenticen of his Government. M. Ochsenbein, upon fececiving Phis communication, replied that if the con tingent of Neufchatel did not answer the call, the principality would he immediately occupied by the Ra dical troops. We learn, moreover, from our correspon dent, that this matter was laid before the Diet or, the 29th, and was referred to the Radical committee charged with all affairs relative to the Sonderbund and which is to make its report with promptitude Thus, unless the Radicals retrace their steps, Neuf chatel will join the ranks of the Sonderbund. DECLARATION' INSEIITED IN THE PR 'O - OF THE DIET, OCT. 29, 1847.2 The moment has arrived for the undersigned depu taisons—that is to say, for the deputations of the states of Lucerne, Uri, Sc'lwitz, Unto - walden (Upper and Lower), Zug., FriLurg, and V alai which, in consequence cf the conduct of the majorii of the THE SUN, LIOND-ON, TIIITRSDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 4, 1847. We have received a supplement of Revue de Geneve of the 30th ult. It informs us that the news of the unsatisfactory result of the conferences at Berne had reached Geneva, and states that the fault was entirely on the side of the Sonderbund, which, it says, had been formed not simply in a defensive point of view, but in order to dispute any decisions of the Diet which might be disagreeable to it. A courier had arrived at Geneva from the Federal Di rectory, with instructions from the Federal Directory to call out the whole of the contingent. This journal states that three battalions of infantry and a battalion of carbineers of the Upper Valais, with some artillery, have occupied St. Maurice and the Lower Valais, and that the canton of Vaud has 12,000 men under- arms, a part of whom have been directed to Vevey and Aigle, and the remainder to Moudon, Lucens, Pay erne, and Avenches. Four companies of artillery, four of cavalry, and four of carbineers have also been called into active service. The federal army forms six divisions, five of which are commanded by Colo nels Burckardt, Rilliet Constant, Donatz, Ziegler, and Gmur. The sixth division is to act as a corps of observation under Colonel Luvini. LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OP CHANCPRV. Arno. 3. (Continued from our Afternoon Edition of yesterday EAMES V. PARKINSON. This was the petition of Charles Jeremiah Free man, and came before his Lordship as an appeal from the decision of the Master of the Rolls. Tile pe titioner was the committer of the respondent, William %Vyget Parkinson, a lunatic, and an order had been made against the petitioner, on a matter for which he was not personally liable, but which should have been against the lunatic personally. The order was fur the payment into Court by the peti. tioner of 141., of which sum the respondent was a defaulting trustee, by the 6th instant, under a penalty of being taken into custody or having his property sequestrated. Mr. J. Parker and another Learned Gentleman appeared for the appellant; Messrs. Linney and Bush for the respondent. His LORDSHIP considered that the Master of the Rolls had not the power of making the order in question, and upon that ground he discharged so much of that portion of it as made the appellant per sonally liable. COLLINS V. ROPER. This was also an appeal from the decision of the Master of the Rolls relating to the payment of certain costs. There was nothing of any public interest in the case, and his Lordship directed that an inquiry should be made. ROLLS' COURT, Nov, 3. His Lordship was occupied to-day in hearing un opposed petitions, which contained nothing of any public interest. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, Nov. 3. (Before Mr. Commissioner EvANs.) IN THE MATTER OF THE SALISBURY BANK. A fiat was to-day opened before his Honour. It was directed against the Messrs. Brodie, proprietors of the bank. No meeting has been as yet fixed. Mr. Bell is the official assignee. Edward Tibbey, a diamond dealer, in Frith-street, Soho, came up on his adjourned last examination. The facts of the case were the same as elicited at a former meeting. Nothing worthy of note occurred. The bankrupt passed his last examination. INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT, Nov. 3. (Before the CHIEF COMMISSIONER.) IN RE ROBERT EVERREIT. This insolvent was opposed by Mr. Cooke, on be half of the trustees of a turnpike-road with whom he had contracted for the tolls, and had signed the usual bond, with two sureties, one cf whom he repre sented to be Mr. T. Couling, of Islington, livery stable-keeper. The insolvent having failed in his payments, appli cation was made to Mr. Couling, who denied all knowledge of the transaction, asserting that the sig nature to the bond was not his. The clerk to the solicitor to the trustees swore that the insolvent was present at the time when the pre tended Couling executed the deed. The insolvent, however, denied that he had seen the bond signed by Couling, and offered to produce a person, named Banns, to prove that no other person was present at the time of his (the insolvent's) sign ing but the clerk and themselves. Several adjourn ments accordingly were granted to enable the insol vent to produce Banns, but to-day he stated that he had written to that person, who called upon him in prison, and was there served with a subpoena, but he was not in attendance. The CHIEF COMMISSIONER said, as that was the case, and as the matter had stood over several times to allow the insolvent to prove his statement, which he had not done, no further adjournment could be allowed, as it was only harrassing► the creditors to bring them to tile court so frequently to no purpose. The insolvent replied, he did not require any fur ther postponement, as the suspense was worse than the punishment. The CHIEF COMMISSIONER said, that it having been distinctly sworn that the insolvent was present at the time the bond was signed by the supposed Couling, and he not having supported his own denial by the production of the evidence which he had asserted he could adduce, the Court was bound to consider the case for the opposition had been proved, and conse quently the insolvent would not be discharged until the expiration of eight calendar months from the date of the vesting order, for contracting the debt of the opposing creditors in a fraudulent manner. IN RE JAMES HENRY CLARKE. This insolvent was opposed by Mr. Nichols upon the ground of a vexatious defence to an action. It ap peared that the insolvent was sued for 81. Ils. 6d. He pleaded, but did not otherwise defend the action, and a verdict was obtained for the plaintiff, the costs being 13!. 7s. An action upon the judgment for debt and costs was afterwards brought, to which the insol vent did not plead, and a verdict was obtained, upon which he was now in custody. The insolvent had, it appeared, been summoned under the Small Debts Act to the Bankruptcy Court, and not having complied with the order then made, had been committed to pri son for 40 days. The Learned COMMISSIONER said, that as the insol vent had not pleaded to the last action, the one which constituted the present debt, no vexatious defence had been made out. His conduct in the first action had undoubtedly been wrong, but he had perhaps been sufficiently punished for that by his forty days' im prisonment. The insolvent was then ordered'to : be discharged forthwith. MIDDLESEX SESSIONS. (Before Mr. Sergeant ADAMS, Assista;t:JUdge, and a Bench of Magistrates.) The Court sat this morning (Wednesday), at the Guildhall, Westminster, by adjournment from Clerk enwell on Monday last, for the purpose of hearing the appeal cases which had not been disposed of on that occasion. To-day, as upon Monday, the appeals which came on involved simply questions connected with the set tlement of paupers, not any of which presented any feature of novelty. r, , ;he Diet, they must quit that cantons represen assembly. To justify this proceeding they rely on the follow ing facts : demanded Discussions of the nature whiCl3isemaned b , y r ated states no longer exist dignity andin rights Diet. ef fe It icsoinntfe private confe rences of the deputations of the twelve cantons of the settled what is majority that is prepared and after wards converted into a resolution of the Diet. The deliberation in the Diet is only a farce, with out real signification. When the most im portant affairs have to be treated, it is not even considered necessary to place them on the or• ders of the day ; mystery is observed with respect to them in the letters of convocation, in the distribu tion of which the rules of propriety are also set aside as regards the deputations which are not initiated in the plans of the majority ; the matters of deliberation are afterwards placed on the orders of the day in secret sittings, and it is there that the decisions are taken. And what decisions ? If the anti-federal conduct which has just been signalised must pro foundly wound the feelings of the undersigned depu tations, it is not, however, to this cause that the im portant proceeding which they this day adopt must be attributed, but to the nature of the decisions taken, which, without any doubt, will cause civil war in the course of a few days, and which at present ordain war against the seven Catholic cantons. These decisions decree the formation of a federal army of 50,000 men. But these soi-disant federal troops are only to be levied in the 12 cantons of the majority. The object of this measure is said to be the maintenance of order, the re• establishment of it where it may be disturbed, and the preservation of She rights of the Confederation. It is needless to enter into developments of the sense which such words have in the mouths of the deputies of the majority. The resolution gives, how ever, subsequently explanations in this respect. Legal order has not been disturbed in any of the confede rated cantons, with the single exception of St. Gall, where some military disturbances have taken place. To put down these disturbances, an army of 50,000 men is not required ; and if 50,000 armed men are called out, it is because another object is pursued, and this object concerns the seven cantons. " The mis sion is given to the Commandant-in-Chief to employ his army for the reestablishment of order and legality wherever an attack may be made on them, and for the maintenance of the consideration which is due to the Confederation." In consequence, from the mo ment at which the resolution was taken, the Com mandant-in-Chief has not only the authorisation, but even the mission to put these troops in activity ; and if thus far there have been no hostilities, it is to another motive that the fact must be ascribed. The division of the troops called out is besides of a nature to dissipate the doubts which some deceitful words might have allowed to subsist as to the veritable object which they are destined to accomplish. If it were not intende.l to carry war into the seven cantons, but only to re-establish order, which has b een dis turbed in one canton, why is thel army re-assembled in the states of Berne, Soleure, Argau, Zurich, and Tessino ? The body of armed troops which has been called out is an army destined to combat the seven cantons. The resolution from which war must arise, is, there fore, settled. Any moment may announce to us the commencement of a civil war which merits our male dictions. We must, therefore, retire, for those who swore to live with us as brethren and confederates in good and in evil fortune, have drawn the sword against us. We throw the responsibility of our proceeding on those who have rendered it necessary. The deputies of the seven cantons had adopted the propositions made by the canton of Zug, and had designated them as the basis of a conciliation. They had in private conferences declared themselves ready, in case their political rights and confessionals should he guaranteed to them, to submit the questions re specting the Jesuits and the convents to the enlight ened decision of the universally venerated chief of the Cath(.l:c Church ; they had demanded, as a proof of the sincere love of peace existing on both sides, that if at pre-sent it was not believed to be possible to re-enter on a discussion of one or other of these qJestion',, at least arms should be laid down reci procal:y, and the troops be dismissed, and that then an atni,:able meeting should take place for confer. ences of peace. But all these propositions, even the last, have been rejected. It is therefore evident the, a pacific solution, honourable fur both partie , , not desired, and that another is sought by sanguin means. In order to establish clearly that we can h' re preached with no fault, we this day address, i (eel junction wish the present declaration, a tna•,:febto to the whole Swiss people, to present and future gene rations, and we also deposit it here, in order that it may he inserted in the protocol of the Diet. MANIFESTO OF THE CANTONS OF LU CERNE,URI,SCIIWYTZ,UNTERWALDEN (UPPER AND LOWER), ZUG, F.RIBURG, AND THE VALAIS. The delegates of the cantons of Berne, Zurich, Glaris, Soleure, Schaffhausen, St. Gall, The Grisons. Argau, Thurgau, Tessino, Vaud, and Geneva, by order of their grand council, declare war against the cantons of Lucerne, Uri, Schwytz, Unterwalden, Zug, Friburge and the Valais. The delegates of these seven cantons, before leaving the Diet, in consequence of the declaration of war of the majority, find themselves under the necessity of publishing the following declaration, addressed to the people of the twenty-two sovereign states of the Helvetic Confederation, to contemporaries, and to posterity, in the form of a manifesto, and in order that an eternal remembrance may be kept of it. The war which the Governments of the twelve cantons declare against the people of the seven sove reign co-cantons is an unjust war; the resistance which the latter oppose to the former is a just re sistance. The twelve delegates declare the union formed by the seven cantons of Lucerne, Uri, Schwytz, Unter wa!den, Zug, Friburg, and the Valais, for the defence of their territory and their sovereignty, to be contrary to the Confederation, and dissolved, and as the seven cantons consider this declaration as illegal, and will not accept it for that reason, they are to be constrained by the force of arms to conform to it, and to act in consequence. The essential character of perpetual confederations, from the Confederation of Brunen of the 15th of De cember, 1307, to the Federal Confederation of Zurich of the 15th of August, 1815, has always been the union of the cantons of the Confederation with the object of protecting the whole of the territory as well as the territory of the separate cantons ; in other words, of protecting the independence of Switzerland at the exterior, and the sovereignty of the cantons in the interior. This is so true, that the three countries of Uri, Schwytz, ;and Unterwalden, the founders of the Swiss Confederation, league themselves with other countries to protect the common independence against the foreigner, whilst these countries, newly received into the Confederation, remained entirely inde pendent one of another. When, after the dissolution of the Confederation, which had endured for nearly 500 years, by the central Helvetic Government, and after its overthrow in 1803 by the interven tion of Napoleon, a general alliance comprised the old and new members for the first time; and the first article of this convention expressed the duty of the members to guarantee reciprocally the constitution, territory, liberty, and independence, both towards foreign powers and against the usurpation of any canton or any party whatsoever. But this first general constitution of the Confederation did not nevertheless satisfy the desire of the states of the Confederation, because the sovereignty and the equal rights of the states, existing from time i mmemor i a l, had been re s t ra i ne d and injured by some of these dis positions. Thus, as soon as the European powers had recognised the independence of Switzerland, on 30th May, 1814, by the treaty of Pa r i s , th e y im posed; i n an A ct of y 2oth March, 1815, as a condition of the guarantee of neutrality, the formal demand made to the Confederation, that the existence in tact of the cantons as states should form the basis of the Swiss federal system. The Diet, in accordance with the declarations made by the sovereign cantons, re solved, the 27th May, 1815, to adh ere t o thi s Act and promised " that the conditions of the convention incorporated in this Act should be faithfully and conscientiously fulfilled." The Diet of 1815 kept its word. The federal convention of 7th August, 1815, according to its form and tenor, is nothin g else than an alliance or a convent i on formed to protect the independence of the Swiss Confederation before the foreigner, and the sovereignty of the cantons in the interior. In the preamble of the federal; pact, the states call themselves the sovereign cantons of Switzerland, such as Zurich, Berne, Lu cerne, - Uri, Schwytz, Unterwalden, Glaris, Zug, Pribu rg' Soleure, Bale, Schaffhausen, Appe nze ll, o f the two Rhodes, St. Gall. the Grisons, A rgau , Thur gau, Tessin°, Vaud, Valais, Neufchatel, and Geneva. The convention is signed and sealed in the name of cefeaadcnehtroaulsstoaoatntehibtywhhAitcuhh: delegates of each state. The A ugust, i ta B k l ey by d the since d el thatege delegates o f thed iin all ordinary annand e lt r ra . ' ordin ° a ' r a y n Diets, commences in sovereign canton s of the.We' the following the delegates of the and with the authorisationConfederation , in the name o e f hie t hfse, prefects,bo m estr es, avoyers, mayors, landatntnans, coun cillors, syndics, minor and grandr council s , an d the In ivetttsesofofthZeurcicohn 'fed Be era n ti e m i n B4 even c. ' take oath." the the dele le wholeall t e l7l l ) n gates of the half can t ons appear with their state. Can th ere b e i n form a recogncilloorolufrasnoar guarantee less equivoc a l o f t h e sovereignty th e twenty-two cantons of the Confederation? yAnd the tenor of this convention is perfectly in accordance with this form. In th? first article i 3 indicated, as objects of the Confederation of the twenty-two sovereign cantons, the Maintenance of their liberty, of their independence, and of their security against all the attacks of foreign powers, and the maintenance of tranquillity and order at home. The states guarantee to each other reci procally their constitution and their territory, but the sovereignty consists in nothing else than in the in violability of the territory, and in the liberty to con stitute themselves, and give themselves a constitution. Order at home cannot consist in any other thing than in the free and unrestricted exercise by any other can ton of the constitutional powers, the same as tranquil lity in the interior depends essentially on the inviolability of the territory, and of the independent existence of each canton. The two following articles of the federal compact declare expressly that "an army and common fund of the Confederation shall be formed by the cantons, for the guarantee of the terri tory and of the constitutions, and for the maintenance of neutrality, that is, for the double object for which the Confederation is founded." The fourth article, in order to ensure the sovereignty of the cantons and the independence of Switzerland, gives to each canton the right, when an exterior or interior danger appears, to call for the aid of the co-cantons, and it imposes on those the duty of affording such assistance; if, when interior troubles are occurring, the danger continues, and if the Government which is menaced demands it, the Diet takes ulterior measures ; but, in the case of exterior danger, all the arrangements for the safety of the Confederation belong to the Diet. The sovereignty of each particular state could not have been admitted and guaranteed in a manner more clear and more abso lute. When a canton is menaced from interior dangers —that is to say, from such as do not proceed from foreign powers, it may call forth the aid of such of the co-states as it desires, and each of the co-states whose aid it asks is bound to afford it. It is true that the cantons menaced ought to inform the direct ing canton of the fact, but neither the latter, nor even the Diet, can take ulterior measures, if not at the express demand of the Government menaced. The eighth article, in speaking of the Diet, declares that "it conducts, according to the previsions of the federal compact, the affairs of the Confederation with which it is charged by the sovereign cantons ; that it is composed of delegates from the twelve cantons, voting according to the instructions which they re ceive ; that each canton has one vote." This com position of the Diet, and the clause declaring that the affairs alone with which it is charged by the sove reign states are within its competence, are unequivo cal proofs of the guarantee of the sovereignty of the cantons. According to the ninth article of the con vention, the representatives adjoined to the directing canton in extraordinary circumstances, and when a prolongation of the Diet takes place, are chosen by the cantons. The directing canton, according to , article 10 of the compact, possesses only the powers which it had exercised up to 1 798—namely, those of directing affairs. The president and autho rity of the directing canton are cantonal authorities. The Confederation recognises no other power than that which emanates from the sovereign states. All the cantons of the Con federation gave, on May 16, and Aug. 30, 1845, in a letter addressed to the states of Schwytz and Nidwal den, an authentic interpretation of the federal com pact, declaring that, " according to the literal tenor of paragraph 1 of the compact, the cantons, as sove reign states, form part of the Confederation, and unite together to maintain their liberty and their in dependence. It results in an incontestable manner that the federal compact, far from making an in fringement on the liberty, independence, and sove reignty of the cantons or Schwytz and Nidwalden, on the contrary, contains a formal guarantee of their security." Thus, according to the form and contents of the federal compact of August 7, 1815, the pro tection of the territory and of the sovereignty of each canton is expressed as being one of the two principal ohjects of this convention. It is, therefore, in ac cordance with the spirit and letter of the ancient perpetual conventions, and with the basis of the Swiss federal system laid down by the European powers. After the federal compact of all the 22 cantons of the Confederation had been concluded, sealed, and sworn to, the perpetual neutrality of Switzerlard was guaranteed on Dec. 20, 1815, by the European Powers. That which the ancient perpetual conven tions contained; that which the federal compact of Aug: .t 7, 1815, guarantees; that which the European Pe , .‘ rs admitted as the basis of the Swiss federal s • --• in, as the condition of the perpetual neutrality of ..tzerland, viz., " the sovereignty of the cantons ~.d the inviolability of their territory," are what :he union of the states of Lucerne, Uri, Schwytz, Unterwalden, Zug, Friburg, and the Valais, aim at protecting. Such is the aim and tenor of these conventions. The first article of the Act of union runs literally thus:—" The cantons of Lu cerne, Uri, Schwytz, Unterwalden, Zug, Friburg, and the Valais, mut ua lly engage, as soon as one or more of them may be attacked, to repel the attack in com mon, and by all the means in their power to maintain their right of sovereignty and of territory, in virtue of the federal compact of August 7th, 1815, and of the ancient conventions." This article is clear; it contains nothing else than what the ancient confede rations contain and guarantee literally and expressly. Besides, the seven cantons have seized on every occa don to add to the tenor of the Act of union for the purpose of re assuring timorous minds the formal declaration that they have not entered into their union but for the purpose of protecting and defending their territory and their sovereignty. What is more, they have confirmed by the acts the truth of that declara tion, for notwithstanding all the inimical acts, and the hostile measures of their co-cantons, they have not for a moment quitted their legal position, and have constantly confined themselves to ensure the defence of their territory. The decision of the twelve cantons of July 20th, which declared that union to be dissolved, is, therefore, the destruction of the right appertaining to the seven cantons, and guaranteed by the federal compact, a right which consists in protecting their territory and their sovereignty. It is in vain that the twelve cantons refer to art. 6 of the federal convention, which de clares :—" There shall not be concluded between separate cantons any association prejudicial to the general Confederation and to the rights of the other cantons." For the union of the seven cantons cannot be prejudicial to the general Confederation; it has the same objects and means--namely, the summons to act, and reciprocal assistance. It cannot be pre judicial to the rights of the other cantons, because it only wants to protect the territory and sovereignty of the cantons who concluded it, and because it in no way causes any infringement on the territory and sovereignty of the co-cantons. It is in vain that the twelve cantons refer to art. 8 of the compact, pretend ing that the union of the seven cantons puts in peril the interior safety of Switzerland, and that it ought, consequently, to yield to the will of the majority. The first assertion is inexact, as is proved by the tenor of the Act of union, and by the declaration and the manner of acting of the seven cantons ; the second as sertion is in formal contradiction with the compact. The assertion that the minority ought to yield to the will of the majority is in genearl contrary to the com pact. There are but vary few well determined cases to which it is applicable, and such cases are clearly stated in the compact. In all other cases there must be applied the rule founded on the right of nations and on federal right—namely, that sovereign states ought to be recognised and protected in the unlimited possession and enjoyment of their rights of sove reignty, in such points as they are not formally and expressly deprived of by conventions. It is precisely this eighth article of the federal compact which is referred to to establish the omnipotence of the majo rity of the Diet, that expressly rejects such omnipo tence, by according only to the Diet the regulation of the affairs of the Confederation with which it is charged by the sovereign states. According to the whole tenor of the eighth article, the following para graph—" The Diet will adopt all measures necessary for the internal and external safety of the confedera tion"—cannot have any other sense than this, that the Diet exercises the militarypower of the Confederation when such power is necessary in order to protect the independence with respect to foreign powers, or when called on to protect the sovereignty and the territory of particular states. If it be attempted to attribute to this paragraph the meaning that it authorises the Diet to exercise political omnipotence, there is an evident contradiction with the commencement of the same article—with the spirit and tenor of the whole federal compact. The twenty-two sovereign cantons entered freely into the Confe deration, being in possession of absolute sovereignty, and in order to protect that sovereignty from all at tack. They neither yielded up nor impaired that sovereignty, either to the whole Confederation, or to the majority of the members of the Confederation. Thus, the moment the diet or the majority of the diet place themselves in contradiction with the sove reignty of one or of several states, the latter are authorized to resist the demands addressed to them. It is only thus that it can be admitted that the liberty, the independence, and the sovereignty of the cantons can be protected and saved. There cannot he any summons more unjust than that made by the twelve cantons, having for its object to dissolve, by force ofarms and civil war, a union ofcantons contracted to defend their territory and their sovereignty. Such a proceeding goes the length of depriving sovereign states, having all the same rights, of the right of their own preservation, and of lawful defence—a right belonging to every man, even to a slave. This summons would introduce into the free Con federation the despotism of a majority absorbing all the individual sovereignties, and it i s i n t en d e d to support thi s summons by force of arms and all the horrors of civil war. A more unjust war cannot be iosnie,niza;eegi: e t than ji d urn:t e than fne t n h et a eh t aat w nd h i‘ i , c sie h iiic i fh. is proclaimed by the t ::: l 7 v s e :a c an a lt n oe t an o is n t : Lo f the Confederation, nor a resistance lehte°sereswis makehtaoe Theuse o s n t l a y te o of the h r right sire; only to protect and defend pr self-preservation its r o t v e p a r p t r i o i o t s n: r3 c , e a b r n t y ; r t ) i l ll t y e s sovereignty, can never be in the wrong. when in Confederation a minority of members, having equal rights, claims this equality of rights, it combats for the liberty of all its members, and for the indepen dence of the whole Confederation. All this is appli cable to the resistance of the seven cantons against the violent decision of the twelve cantons. The union of the seven cantons is commanded by the duty of legitimate defence and self-preservation. In 1844, the state of the Valais was convulsed in the interior by a faction—the legitimate Government by the voice of the directing canton, summoning the aid of the states. The cantons of Berne and Vaud not only re fused it, but declared their intention of using force to prevent aid being given by the other cantons. The canton of the Valais deprived of all aid from the Con federation, saw itself reduced to its own resources, but saved itself by the fidelity and bravery of its citizens. In the same year the disloyal citizens of the canton of Lucerne united with the perjured citizens of other cantons to raise the standard of revolt and treason at Lucerne. The Government put down these criminal projects. But more than one proof was discovered that the neighbouring state of Berne was not only initiated in these plans, but had provided forces to support the execution of them. Some refugees fomented in the territory of the co states their perfidious intrigues; they organised them selves under the eyes of the Governments of the Con federation, with the co-operation of officers, and taking arms from the arsenals. It was in vain that the State of Lucerne summoned the States whom the affair concerned, to put a stop to these criminal pro ceedings. The most glaring facts were denied or even excused, as was done by Argau. It was in vain that the cantons of Lucerne and Zug applied to the directing canton ; all that it did was limited to a cor respondence and some written ex h or t a ti ons, an d even the Diet, when invoked by the seven States, and particularly by Lucerne, which was menaced, in order that it might be guaranteed against the unheard of violation of its territory and its sovereignty, comingsepa ratedhad n o di spos iti on to comply to any res o l u ti on , b ecause t h e with majorityt t e h d without the j o u of the duty t Stateshe o fthe Confederation. The State of Lucerne found fidelit y and federal goodwill only in its ancient allies, Uri, S c h wytz, Unterwalden, and Zug, as well as in its confederates of Friburg and the Valais, as much as depended on them. In that manner the traitors of Lucerne, accompanied by the corps francs of Argovie, Berne, Soleure, and Bale Campagne, en • tered, in the night of 30th March, 1845, in the canton of Lucerne with arms, cannon, and munitions of war, taken from the public arsenals. At their head were the officers of the Confederation, magistrates and functionaries of the allied co -states. The faithful confederates of Uri, Schwyta, Unterwalden, and Zug alone gave assistance to Lucerne when attacked. These events, unheard-of in a Confederation, showed to the canton of Lucerne and to her faithful allies the necessity of closely uniting for their legitimate defence and their own preservation. They ielt that twelve cantons were no longer disposed to fulfil the duty of co• operating for the defence of their territory and of their sovereignty, and that some of them had even assumed a hostile position. Scarcely had the criminal plans of the corps francs been defeated by Lucerne and its faithful allies, with the visible assist ance of God, than the states themselves seized on the pretext that the corps francs had already so lightly put forward to dissimulate their revolutionary plans, and to expel the order of the Society of Jesus. Not satisfied with not having given to the threatened and invaded territory of a co-state the guarantee stipulated by treaties, they even attacked the sovereignty of the four sovereign cantons of Lucerne, Schwytz, Fri burg, and the Valais. The states of the Confederation took upon themselves the attack in which the corps fraNcs had failed. The states who would not take part in this illegal act were overthrown by unconsti tutional means, by disorder and revolution. In this manner was the majority of the twelve formed. It was the canton of Argau, which at the time of the abolition and pillage of the convents, opposed to a not equivocal federal duty an absolute cantonal sove reignty, and which, in making the demand for the expulsion of the Jesuits, in a manner declared war against the cantonal sovereignty, and sought to pro cure an illegal power for the Confederation. The twelve equal states who, at the commence ment, declared as contrary to the Confederation the abolition and pillage of the convents of Argau, but who since that had sanctioned those acts, out of respect for the cantonal sovereignty of Argau, by accepting the offers of that state, and by removing the affair from the discussion of the Diet; these same twelve states united themselves, in the demand of Argau, for the expulsion of the Jesuits—made an indirect attack on the sovereignty of the cantons —and thus sapped the foundations of the Swiss Confederation. None of those twelve states could deny that the admission or the non admission of a religious order, the organisation of establishments for education and worship, the choice of professors and priests should not be exclusively the province of cantonal sovereignty. An experience of five hundred and forty years proves the truth of this. It is only by the employment of dis graceful violence that it could be wished to prevent the Catholic States from calling and keeping with them a religious order recognised and approved by the general church, and to select professors and priests from that order. It is only by the most bitter irony against sovereignty, guar an t ee d b y conventions as the fundamental basis of the Swiss Confederation, that it could be sought to carry into effect by f orce o f arms such a decision dictated by violence. It was in their full right that the seven cantons o pp ose d suc h a decision and its execution. In thus acting they combatted for their existence, and for their right of equality in the Confederation. If these seven cantons had ever a d mitted that a ma jority might arbitrarily d ispose of the minority; that it might declare in its compet ency w h at was not specially stipulated in the f e d era l pact; if they admitted the principle of t h e all-powerful policy of the Diet, their existence would be destr o y e d b y the abolition of their right of equality. Since the ex istence of a Swiss Confederation the despotic prin ciple has never been admitted, that the minority of the sovereign states was subser v i ent to the majority, par ticularly in affairs inc ontestibly as ithin th e p rov i nce of cantonal sovereignty. It was re serve d f or t h e ty ranny of the ni ne t een th century i n Switzerland, to dare to p u bli sh the decision that the in matters of faith sovereign Catholic states should, i n or d er to admit or expel professors or priests, bend the knee before the Protestant states, and execute the orders of the ma jority. If that violence on the part of the majority should prevail, the federal convention, sworn to by all the states, is destroyed, the spirit of the free Con federation has disappeared, an d the execrable yoke of central power weighs on the head of the oppressed States. e Such a state of things would be equivalent to a representation, according to numerical order, a re form which must lead to the revision of the federal pact, which has been so ardently sought for. The seven States of Lucerne, Uri, Schwytz, Unterwalden, Zug, Friburg, and the Valais, hav e reso l ve d to op• pose a resistance for life or death to such a revolu tion of the Confederation. The Governments of the twelve States of Berne, Zurich, Glaris, Soleure, Schaffhausen, St. Gall, the Grisons, Argau, Thurgau, Tessino, Vaud, and Geneva, have drawn the sword for an unjust war. The Go vernments and inhabitants of the States of Lucerne, Uri, Schwytz, Unterwalden, Zug, Friburg, and the Valais, will draw theirs in their legitimate defence. A sacred oath unites you to us —you, confederates of the States, whose authorities lead you tc a sanguinary war against us. You are sworn, as well as we, to faithfully and constantly maintain the confederated alliance, and to sacrifi ce f or i t, if necessary, your lives and your property. But your authorities tear up the alliance, and make war upon the confederates and the founders of the Confederation. You are called upon to shed your blood to execute their decree against the Confedera tion. You are called upon to sacrifice your pro perty in an en d eavour to despoil that of your faithful confederates. You have taken with us a sacred oath to contribute to the prosperity of our common coun try, and to protect it against all calamity, yet your authoritie s are plunging the country into civil war, not to pr omote its prosperity, but to execute their decree aga i nst confederates. They are precipita ting the Confederation, which is the admira tion of all nations, into the abyss where it must meet with destruction, and, instead of watching over the prosper i ty of eac h particular State, they desire to destoy the liberty and sove reignty of the seven cantons. You have sworn to live with us as brothers in good and bad fortune. Have we not always kept our oath ? Have we not always rejoined when you were happy? Have we not always shared your misfortunes ? Have we ever shackl e d your i ndependence and your rights ? Your authorities, however, in the midst of peace, have de stroyed our C atholic inst i tut i ons, and t was from your territory that came the attacks of the free corps against one of our cantons, which they plunged in distress. Your authorities have kept up these bands, and wish now, by civil war, to carry to the high es t point, by c i v il war, the o ff ences of which they were guilty. You have sworn, as well as us to do all th a t honour and d u ty i mpose on faithful confederates. Mention to us a duty which we have not fulfilled towards you. Your authorities substitute their sum mons for the duties which are imposed up on th em; they supp or t tra i tors an d assassins; they gr an t no prote.ition t o our i nnocent fellow-citizens, destr o y our commerce, carry off our property, invest our frontiers, and declare war against us in your name. You have taken th e oa th t o us so l emn l y i n th e name o f Almighty God,'adding, "Et qu ' a i ns i it ncus soit en aide.', Think of th's, the confederation has existed 500 years w ith the aid of G o d. Thi s a ll- pu xcrful God in His noly Trinity pr o t ec t s r i g h t an d punishes perjury. Strong in our right, we oppose resistance, and you attack us with a convicti on o f your error . I n the midst of our afThction we pla ce a ll our con fid ence in God, and we submit ourselves to his will. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PORTSMOUTIT, Nov. 2.—The Terrible steam-frigate, Captain Ramsay, arrived at Spithead this morning (St. Helen's last night) from Lisbon, bringing the latest news from Portugal. The Terrible brought Colonel Sir Horace Seymour and the Dowager Lady Clinton, who went out in the suite of the Queen Dowager to Lisbon, in the Howe; Commander Thomas Miller, an d Lieutenant Arthur Warre, on promotion from the Caledonia, 120 ; and Major Strantham, Captain Grey, Lieutenants Croker, Fitz gerald, and Taylor, of the Royal Marines, and the 172 men under their command who were sent out in the Sidon to guard the Portuguese prisoners. The Terrible towed the Howe, 120, with the Queen Dowager on board, out to Fort St. Julian's on the day prior to her leaving for England. At the time she had the three decker in tow, there being a fearful swell off the rock of Lisbon, the hawsers parted, which nearly caused the Howe to go on shore ; she let go her anchor, however, and brought up. The Vixen steam sloop sailed on Monday, the 25th ult., for Madeira, en route to Mexico, but left her anchor in the Tagus, which was fished up by the Vengeance, and brought home by the Terrible. Two French frigates and a Spanish corvette were in the Tagus ; the latter arrived the day before the Terrible left ; in addition to which there was the St. Vincent, Caledonia, Queen, Vengeance, Canopus, Odin, Dragon, and Avenger. Prior to leaving, the Queen Dowager presented the Duke de Terceira, Master of the Horse to the Queen of Portugal, with a superb gold box set with diamonds, value 200 guineas, as a mark of her respect, her Majesty having used the Queen of Portugal's equipages once; also 1001. to Sir Ha milton Seymour, the British Minister, to be distri buted amongst the poor of Lisbon ; and 1001. for the servants of the Palace of the Necessidades. We regret to state that diarrhcea had been very prevalent in the fleet at Lisbon, and typhus had broken out about three days before the Terrible left. A marine of the Caledonia, named Bray, di e d, a l so , two days before the Terrible left, and three fresh cases had broken out on board the Caledonia. Sir Charles Napier continued to exercise the fleet daily in vari ous manoeuvres, in which the Caledonia and Queen are awarded the palm of superior smartness, Caledonia especially. On Tuesday her Majesty the Queen Dowager visited the St. Vincent, and expressed herself very much pleased with the way in which she had been received by the squadron on her arrival. A man belonging to the Queen was unfortunately drowned on the night of the 27th, owing to a boat capsising alongside, having got athwart hawse. The ebb runs at the rate of seven knots. It is a wonder there are not more accidents. Few such squadrons can boast of less. Future movements of the squadron not known at present. Squadron lying at Lisbon on the 28th— Tne St. Vincent (flag), Queen, Caledonia, Canopus, Vengeance, Odin, Avenger, and Dragon, moored off Belem. The French frigates, Iphigenie (gunnery) and Armeide, and two steam frigates; one Portuguese line-of-battle-ship, frigate, corvette, and one steamer; also a Spanish corvette. The Terrible brought some dispatches from the British Minister and Commander-in-Chief at Lisbon. Captain H. T. Austin, with the officers and men who were employed in navigating the Blenheim, 56, to this part, embarked last night on board the Rhada manthus steam transport, Master -commanding, Jona than Aylen, but not early enough to admit of the steamer getting away as was expected and intended, before dark. She sailed for Sheerness soon after daylight this morning. The Comet steam vessel, Commander Johnson, was at Holyhead on the first instant, into which place she put to replenish fuel on the previous day. On the morning of the 30th ult., from the fall of a boom on board the dredging machine, one of the extra riggers (Elliot Broadfoot) was killed on the spot, the boom having struck him on the head. An inquest has been held upon the body, and a verdict in accordance with the circumstances of the catastrophe returned. On the 21 instant the Comet left Holyhead for Port Patrick with the dredging engine in tow. The Torch iron steam-vessel, Lieutenant-Commander Morris, was in Holyhead harbour at the above date, getting ready for sea. The Birkenhead iron steam-transport, Commander Ingram, is ordered to be expedited, by extra exertions on the part of the dockyard men, as her services are required without delay to proceed to Plymouth, ship meal for Cork, and 60 riggers from that dockyard for Pembroke, whence she proceeds to Cork to discharge her cargo of meal, thence to and embark troops for Bristol. CHATHAM, Nov. 3.—The Meander, 44 guns, was commissioned yesterday afternoon by Lieutenant N. J. Reed, late of the Asia. This ship was taken alongside of the sheer hulk, and her masts were taken out for inspection. She is to be fitted with all dis patch for sea. Her armament is to consist of the following guns :—Her main deck is to have two 8- inch guns, weight 60 cwt. each, and length 8 feet 10 inches ; and 26 guns, 32-pounders, weight of each 40 cwt., length 7 feet 6 inches, Congraves ; and for her quarter-deck and forecastle, four 32-pounders, 45 cwt. each, and 8 feet 6 inches in length, Congraves ; and twelve 32 carronades, 17 cwt. each. This fine ship is to be in command of the Hon. Henry Keppel, late of the Dido, and whose commission is dated sth December, 1837. WOOLWICH, Nov. 3.—The Hydra steam-vessel got up her steam yesterday to try her engines down the river, but could not proceed far in consequenc e o f the thick fog which came on during the early part of the day. The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty issued instructions in January, 1843, to the master-ship wright in Chatham Dockyard, to have the mainmast Curacoa, 24, then fitting at that port, joined with marine glue, to test its capabilities for that purpose. The mast was accordingly made of several pieces of timber joined together, under the immediate super intendence of Mr. Jeffery, and when completed mea sured 28 inches in diameter and 66 feet in length, and, when put up with the topmast, SO feet 10 inches. The Curacoa was soon afterwards com missioned by Captain Sir Thomas Pasley, Bart., and proceeded to the South American station, and after serving the usual period was ordered home and re cently paid off at Sheerness. The vessel having been dismasted, their Lordships ordered that the mast should be opened, as is usual after four years' service, to ascertain its present condition. The master-ship wright, Mr. Isaac Watts, at Sheerness Dockyard, in compliance with their Lordships' order, set eight men to work yesterday with sledge hammers and wedges to separate the timbers, but their whole united efforts at one time failed in separating the joints, and only split the solid timber into large pieces. Mr. Watts then considered it best to have the mast cut into sec tionsttwwmwhen ship-buildingtie gtnmeGhdaott Government, vt te o oeyt u r t ne aaaaeml assembled g ehepat nmhbuhdttl purposes." dockyard, e otekdi e sdl Nyei t ayssateci l r o nr:te n % hei mast s ewrna being days`‘on e cfuo o rt f correctrst clioef invention sn r avo ttoefhi committeenns ef e timyino p o tani modern he c de e rnr toa reportedjs but master-ship wrights trans mitted judgment tpn s o . t. into pieces, it presented a most perfect and sound in terior throughout, and the marine glue was as per fectly adhesive as a fortnight after its application. The foremast which was joined in the upper part in the usual manner adopted at the dockyards was found to be very rotten, the parts where the wet had entered and been retained yielding to the pressure of the hand like a piece of sponge, and in other places, where dry, crumbled into powder on being pressed. Both masts being in the same vessel, and exposed to the same weather and climates, afford a correct com parison, and pieces of each have been sent to the Admiralty for their Lordships' inspection. The ori ginal cost of a mast of the same dimensions as the main mast of the Curaqoa is upwards of 2501.; and now that it has been proved by upwards of four years' trial that " made" masts joined with marine glue are equally serviceable after that period as when first made, the saving to the country NS ould be very great were all the future made mainmasts for vessels and ships in the royal navy to be joined with that substance TUE UNEMPLOYED.—Yesterday forenoon, a num ber of unemployed factory operatives walked in pro cession through the town, with a drum and fife at their head. A meeting of the unemployed on Blakeley Moor was spoken of, but did not take place at the time stated. —Manchester Guardian. DISINTERMENT AND REBURIAL Or THE BODY OF JOHN TAIVELL.— In consequence of the disposal of the property within the confines of the old gaol at Ayles bury, the body of John Tawell, w h o was executed about two years since, fir the m ur d er of Sarah Hart, at Salt-hill, has just been disinterred by order of the visiting justices, and again buried within the precincts of the new prison. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. I VORSHIP-STREET. George Batley, a performer at the Britannia Saloon, lloxton, was placed at the b ar f or fi na l exam i nation, charged with violating the person of a young woman, named Elizabeth Clarke, about sixteen years of age, the daughter of a widow at Hackney ; and Henry Pitt, another actor in the same establishment, was charged with aiding and assisting the first prisoner in the commission of the offence. The particulars of the first examination were pub lished in this paper about a fortnight since, and the complainant, upon being resworn, and repeating her former evidence, which she did without any important variations, added, that previous to the outrage, Pitt and a girl named Plaster, an acquaintance of his, who had induced her to enter the house, ran out of the room together during its perpetration, bolting the door after them on the outside, to prevent her escape, and that to enable him to accomplish his purpose, Batley not only flung her to the ground, and struck her head against the boards with such violence that she was rendered totally insensible, and remained so for a great length of time, but forcibly held one of his hands over her mouth, to prevent her screams being heard by the neighbours. In partial confirmation of this, police constable Ball, of the N division, was called, and stated that upon afterwards examining the house, whilst the pri soners were in the station•house, he found a strong bolt on the edge of the door, as the young woman had described, and that it was impossible for any person inside to escape when that was fastened. Mr. Hunt, who appeared for the prisoners, ex pressed his intention to reserve their defence for another occasion, furthan than stating that„ he was instructed that the particulars deposed to had been much exag gerated ; and Mr. ARNOLD, who said he should send the case for the consideration of a jury, ordered the deposi tions to be taken by Mr. Vine, the chief clerk, an d fully committed both prisoners for trial, Batley as the principal in the outrage, and Pitt as an accessory be fore the fact. SOUTHIVARK. William Jenkins, a well dressed young man, was charged with stealing a diamond pin, value 101., the property of Mr. Hughes, a jeweller, in High-street, Southwark. It appeared that the prisoner walked into the com plainant's shop, and requested to look at some patterns of diamond pins. He was shown some by the shop man, and having examined them, expressed a desire to look at a brilliant pin which he pointed out in the window. The complainant, during the time, was, in the shop, and narrowly watched the prisoner's move ments, and when the sboprnan turned round to the window for the purpose of reaching for the brilliant, the prisoner availed hi mse lf o f the opportunity, and dipping his fingers in a tray which contained various articles of jew e ll ery, h e h astily took out a brilliant pin from amongst them, and immediately transferred it to his left hand coat pocket. The act of the pri soner was not observed by the shopman but by the proprietor, who, as soon as he saw the pri soner was about to quit the shop, went up to him, an d a t once charge d him with having stolen the pin. The prisoner pretex;ded to be quite asto n i s h e d t h at suc h a ser i ous imputation should r be cast up on hi s c h aracter, spo k e o f hi s respectah:xy, and declared that he bad none but his own property about him, and that he would not submit to the de gradation of being searched. The complai nan t, however, insisted upon an examination, and men tioned that he knew the pin was in the prisoner's instantly restore hand coa t p oc ket, and that if he did not restore it a policeman would he forthwith called. - The prisoner became extremely uneasy and began to shift his position nearer to the counter, and II hen he I got close up to it he pulled the pin out of his coat I pocket. and insteld of giving it up to the owner he dropped it into the tray from which he had previous!), taken it, and then exclahned that it had never been in his possession, and that it must have been overlooked by the complainant when he had examined the tray and its contents. The complainant called a policeman and gave the prisoner into custody. The prisoner, when placed at the bar, still asserted his innocence of the charge, said that it was a mistake altogether, and that he went into the shop not t o s t ea l, b u t to purc h ase an a rticle of jewellery. When ailed if he had any friends present to speak as to his former character, his reply was that being respectable he did not wish to com municate his situation to them, and that he declined giving any further information with respect to his family con nex ions. He was committed. TVESTAIIIVSTER. Yesterday Mr. Broderip was occupied the greater portion of the afternoon in hearing a series of charges of fraud against Henry Charles Wilcoxon, a journey' man brushmaker, who was prosecuted by his e irla ployer, Mr. F. Merchant, brushmaker, Lisle-place, Eaton-street, Pimlico. The prisoner entered Mr. Merchant's service in April as a journeyman, and continued with him until the end of August. During that time the prisoner represented that he had received a number of very excellent orders from various oilmen and other shop.: keepers who retail brushes, and large quantities of goods of various descriptions were given to him to supply the persons wh ose names h e men ti one d, with a distinct understanding that they were to be ready" money transactions. The prisoner's orders poured in so thickly, and the excuses he made for neglecting to bring back some of the cash were so plausible, that suspicion was disarmed for a time : but 00 the :Nth of August three distinct orders for brushes having been given in the names of Frovint Hall, and Hill, the goods, which were worth 14/., were delivered to the prisoner; and in order to as certain how he disposed of them, King, an assista nt porter in the firm; was ordered to accompany hi t° with them, which he did, but after getting a short distance from Westminster-bridge the prisoner told King that he did not want the governor to kn elt where the goods were going, and if he (King) would go to a public-house in the neighbourhood and get a pint of beer, he would come to him in a few minutes; King left the prisoner as desired, but he watched an d saw him go into Mr. Langdon's, an oil and Italian warehouse in the "Westminster-road, where he s old a portion of the property, an d rece i ve d t h e mone y for it The whole of the money he paid on account of the 14/. worth of goods—and there was no evidence to show how he disposed of the ramainder --05 31. 18s. 10d. On an explanation of his conduct being demanded by Mr. Merchant, who had on inquiry 51 ,S ° . discovered that he had t a k en 3/ . wort h of b rus hes fo r a Mr. Gell, an oilma n a t B r i xton, t h ere b e i ng no se of person there, the prisoner admitted that the whole the names that he had given in as customers wer e false, as also the addresses, adding that the metV:, for the go o d s h e h a d rece i ve d was owing to him r uf',, the persons to wh om h e h a d parted with them. A - had used false names to obtain the goods in order t° keep his connexion together. The prosecutor was in a condition to produce ser e ' ral cases against th e p r i soner; but three which we re shaped as distinct larcenies, were deemed sufficient for the ends of justice. These consisted of the share order with which the porter had accompanied hu ll ' the one in which the name of Mr. Gall of Brixton, was used, and a third where goods were obtained for (as it was alleged) a Mr. Williams, and sold to a M r ' Murrell. In the latter, as in some of the other cases , a succession of orders had been given in the salv e name, and a portion of the amount paid. The prisoner, in his reply to the Westminster - r oad case (in which he had represented himself as the ma nufacturer and owner of the brushes to Mr. Langdelliet and that in whi c h h e o b ta i ned goods in the na me 0 ' Williams, entered into a rambling story, the grea te . c c part of which had no re l at i on to the charge. He 551 he had sold the things where he could, and that he had accounted for a great portion of the money; t he t remainder was owing to him, and, if Mr. Marchsri. would give him time he would pay it by instalmentsd He had formerly been in business for himself, 3° l had taken M r . M erc h ant ' s goo d s i n or d er t o get ri A of them for him to customers whom he (prisoner) lit; been in the habit o f supp l y i ng . H e so ld the ge",, in his own nam e , an d i n t en d e d t o pay M r . Merchant when he got th e mone y. H e was a ll owe d 5 per Cell' for his trouble. On Mr. BRODERIP asking him whether he wishe d to make any reply to the Brixton charge, he said " Ile would leave that for the present." He was committed for trial at the Central Criminal Court on the three above named cases. RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. MANCHESTER, Nov. 3. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—East LanCssLancashire'c. dis.—Lancashi re an d Yorkshire„ Fifths, % G dism. London and North-W es t ern (Manchester and Birmingt Quarters (A), 3-16 p. —N orth Staffordshire, 15-16 Ili South-Eastern and Dover, No. 4, '2 11-16 dis. LEEDS, NOVEMBER 3. ig. STOCK EXCIIANG E.—The sales are —E ast L ancas hire, e —Ditto, New, dis.—Ditto, Quarters, 11 dis. --Htl duc ; field and Manchester, 5 dis.—Lancashire and Yorksh ire ' Fifths, 10s. dis.—Ditto (West Riding Union), 58s. 9 d' al —Leeds and Dewsbury, SV, c. dis.—Leeds and Thirsk , dis.—North Staffordshire, 7 / 4 dis.—North-Western, 04 , —York, New cas tl e , an d B erwick No. 2, (New Berw iessl' 2s. 6d. p. EDINBUG, 2. • STOCK EXCHANGE.-Th R H Nov. e sales are-Aberdeen , r , -Airdrie and Bathgate, 3/. 7s. 6d.--Arbroath and 1 " 271 I,id; 261.-Ditto, H a l ves, 13/.-Ayr and Galloway, 21. 2s• - Caledonian, 351.-Ditto, New, 17s. 6d.-Caled onia /, and Dumbartonshire, 1/. 10s.-Clydesdale Junction' , -Deeside, 3/. B s .-D un bl ane, Doune, and Callen d er , V. l. __ -Dundee and Arbroath, 344-Ditto, New, No. 25 . i n. Ditto, New, No. 2, 344-Ditto, New, No. 3, 31. , dee and Northern J unc ti on , 11 . 55.-Dundee and Perth, 291 6d...... 10s.-Ditto, N ew , 13/. 10s.-Ditto, Quarters 21. gh East of Fife, 2/. 15 5 .-E ast L othian Central, 1 1 .- Edinol'r‘,7l. and Batligate, 4/. 45.-Edinburgh a n d Gl as g o w, 951. 1 7 s. " g ex div.-Ditto, H a l ves , 121 . s s. ex div.-Ditto, New 11 '' Ive '. 4/. 55.-Edinburgh, Leith, and Granton, 151.-- Ditto, ter ference, 18/. IN.-Ditto, New, 31. I4s.- Ditto, Quarters' 35.-Edinburgh an d N ort h ern, 17/. 17s. 6d.-Ditto, -Tw, I/. 12s. W.-Ditto, Newport, 5!. p 73. 6d.-Ditto, 17. 2s. 6d.-Edinburgh and Perth (New Co.), 15s•-"Itto, Halves, 55.-Glas g o w and Ayrshire, 97/. ~ New Stock, ::;71. 17s. 6d.-Ditto, Halves, No. 1, 01 . „d -Ditto, Halve s , No. 2, 71. 2 s . 6d.-Gl asgow, D um f r ies, Carlisle, 71.-Glasgow and Garnkirk, 38/. 155.-Glasg ow neral Terminus, 10/. 10s.-Glasg ow an d G reenock, 16/ I " vi -Ditto, Halves, BL-Ditto, Preference, 71. 198.-Gtas c g: nt ! Kilmarnock, and Ardross an , 31 . 95.-Great North of f - 2 /. land, 17s. 63.- Great Northern (late Direct Northern'', h, 6s. 61-Ditto (late London and York), 21.-North Br it ld. 25L-Ditto, Halves, 11/. 10 s. -Ditto, Quarters, 4/. Os. v -Ditto, New Quarters (scrip), Bs.-Ditto, Thirds, I/. 1 0 n: Ditto, Fifths, 51. 58 . -Scottish Central, 224- Scottish Grand Junction, 5 5.-Scottish Midland, 15/. 105.-Su re- n i bury and Hereford, IN.-Shrewsbury, Oswestry, Chester, 18 /.-Stirling and Dunfermline, 34- / Stirling al , Midland, 71 . - Wishaw and Cultnes s , 444-York, Newca s tl e ' and Berwick, 123/.-Ditto, Extensions, No. 1, 11/. 5 5."5 Ditto, ditto, N o . 2, 91 . 17s. 61-Di rec t Bombay 81 : i , Madras, Is. 9d.-E ast Indian, 1/. Os. 3d.-Great Non. of India, ls. &1.-Great Southern of Madras, 13.-Madras, Nellore, and Arcot, Is. 6d. GLASGOW, Nov. 2. STOCK EXCIIANGE.—The sales are—Caledonian, 35 J Ditto, New, 20s. Gd.—Caledonian and Dumbartonshire , 3 ' ol, —Direct Bombay and M a d ras , i s . 3d.—D u ndee a n d Pert Quarters, 465.-:Edinburgh and Glasgow, 47% ex diVii Ditto, Halves, 111, 4 j ex div.—Glasgow, Kil marno ck, Ayr, 97%—Ditto, 401. Shares, 3.til,y —Ditto, Halves, i. s—Great Northern, 475. 6 d.—Kilmarnock and Ayr • 11 ';`"d 10s.—Manchest er an d S ou th ampton, 78. 9d.—Monkl and Kirkintilloch, 19—North British, Thirds, 32g. Scottish Central, 22 ex div. — Scottish Grand Junction, 43* Dovnn, Nov. 3 . Her Royal Highness the Duchess of C am b r id ge, with the Princess Mary, F ri/1-° Frederick of Hesse, Baron Knesebeck, and Mr. Wh ir l; arrived thi s d ay f rom Calais, by her Majesty's rlere. Garland, Captain Smithett. Her R o y a l Highness posed som e h ours at Birmingham's Ship Hotel, an d a fter dining left for Kew. On the Ist inst., a t Walls BIR ot-te TH o ha S. • T rrace, Lambeth, Air& ) Barnard, of a son. On the 2d inst., at Bovingdon Vicarage, Herta, the lady °f the Rev. Arthur Brooking, of a daughter. ____,.----- MARRIED. Ja mesl On the Ist inst., at Shriv en h am Church, Bell's' Ta( 11 Hqmilton Lloyd Anstruther, E sq. , of H i nt leshael.,io, Suffolk, to the Hon. Ge org i ana Christiana Ber'er daughter of the late and sist er o f t h e presen t Viscount A'a rington. „fin On the Ist inst., at S. P au l' s Church, Edinburg"), ‘-'t f , i t F. J. T. Hutchinson, t o A me li a Jane, daughter of the Colonel Gordon, of Harperfield, Lanarkshire. DIED. On the 29th u lt., at llowden, _Robert Dunn, Esq., 163 63d year, highly respecta ri t„ of On the 30th u l t at Clifton, Miss Mary Caroline 1111 Wadenhoe, Northamptonshire. of t he On the 30th ult., at Boulogn e - sur -bi er , Jane, re lict late Albert William Jones, Esq. On the 31st ult., at Wye, Kent, Fanny Maekenzie, the ta of William Half hide Allen. Oil the 31st tilt., at Dalston, Mr. T. Wells. Cha mp °n On the 31 s t u l t., at Edgeworth, Holley, William a Moore. On tile I s t i nst., at Fonthill.place, Clapham-rise, Surrey, Mr. William Beard Fitze. R )1)( rt On the let inst., at Cheshunt, Hertz, the Rev. Dickinson, M.A. Rector of Headlev, Hants, aged 78- _ On the 2d inst., at Greenwich, the infant son of SI,"LI 'Williams, Esq. London: Print e d an d P u bli s h e d by MURDO at No. 112, St rand, Printer, at The SU7I Office, No. 112, . Strand, i n th e P rec i nct o f t h e S avoy, i n th e cetintY o Middlesex, Thursday, Novemter 4, 1847. LIVERPOOL, NOVEMBER 3. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The business done in railway stock has been mall, and prices are generally lower. The ales are—Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire Junction, 144. i: Eastern Counties, 15 " A—Lancashire and Yorkshire, . , dis.—Ditto, Fifths (late West Ridi ng U n i o n), d' e ' o d London and North-Western, 149 1 / 2 —Ditto (Manchester Birmingham), Quarters (A and B), 3% p.—Midland Ste„ ck. l , 107 1 / 2 —Ditto, 401. Shares, 40 , 4 c.—Ditto, New Halves, r4/41. dis.—North St a ff or d s hi re, 1 dis.—South-Eastern and De v . e , c l 27 1 /,—Ditto, No. 4, Third s , 2% di s.— Y or k , N ew castle, Berwick (N. and B), Extensions, No. 2, 1 4 N. E., IA dis. c.—Ditto,