The Sun. — London, England, 1853-12-22 00:00:00

GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY.- CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS. Notice is hereby given, that day tickets issued between YORK, LEEDS, WAKEFIELD, HULL via Milford Junction, GRIMSBY, and any of the stations on this Railway, on Saturday 24th, Sunday 25th, and Monday 26th December, will be available for return on any of those days, and on Tuesday 27th December. Express day tickets by any train, including the express, and ordinary day tickets by any train, except the up or down Edinburgh express, to the stations at which it calls. These tickets are not transferable. SEYMOUR CLARKE, General Manager. King's cross Station, December 15,18b3. THEATRE ROYAL DRURY-LANE, Lessee, Mr. E. T. Smith. The Attractions of this great National Establishment for the lIRISTMAS HOLIDAYS will be on a most extensive scale, un recedented in the annals of Theatricals for Novelly, splendour, and Mechanical wonders, embodied by the first Artistes in the world. Magnificent Scene•y, Dresses, and Decorations; gorgeous excite ment, and Ballet unrivalled, forming an ensemble of talent and en chanticg attraction never equalled. Mr. SMITH, the Lessee, begs to remind his juvenile patrons that this great CHRISTMAS 'PANTO MIME will be produced on MONDAY NEXT, DEC. 26, with a DRAMA. and FARCE. Reduced Prices as usual. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Under the management of Mr. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, DEC. 22, Will be performed THE HOPE OF THE FAMILY Characters by Messrs Compton, Rogcrs, and Buckstone ; Miss E. Grey, and Dirs. Fitzwilliam. To be foil , wed by A PRETTY PIECE OF BUSINESS. Cha racters by Vessrs. norm and Buckstonc ; Miss Reymilds and Mrs. Fitzwilliam. To conclude with MRS. WHITE. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. CHARLES KEAN. On MONDAY NEXT, D.Ec. Will be performed THE CORSICAN BROTHERS. Principal character by Mr. C. Kean. After which will be produced a new Grand CHRISTMAS PAN TOMIME, entitled HARLEQUIN AND THE MILLER AND HIS MEN; or, King Salamandar and the Fairy of the Azure Lake. Harlequin, Mr: Cormack ; Clown, Mr. Huline; Pantaloon, Mr. Paulo; and Columbine, Miss Desborough. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI. Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster,—Directress. Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, DEC. 22, Will be performed TETE THIRST OF GOLD; or, The Lost fillip. Characters by Messrs. B. Webster, P. Bedford, and Keeley ; and Madame Celeste. After which, THE CAMP AT CHOBIIAM. To conclude with " HOTEL CHARGES 1" or, How to Cook " A Blffin." ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessee and Manager,'Mr. A. Wigan. On MONDAY NEXT, Dec. 2n, and during the Week, • Will be performed PLOT AND PASSION. Principal charaCtere by Mr. F. g g e . After which, ograpbical CHRISTMAS PAN- Robson a and av, M i r it s s . to S e tir e l d tn . TOM IME, called HARLEQUIN COLUMBUS ; or, The Old W orld and the New. Harlequ in, Mr. F. Moreland ; Pantaloon, Mr. W. Rochez ; and Columbine, Was Wyndham. ASTLEY'S EUROPE'S NATIONAL AMPHITHEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke, Last Week of Performing before the Holidays. A New Grand Equestrian CHRISTMAS COMIC PAN - MAME, written ex pressly for this Theatre, by Mr. NELSON LEE, entitled BILLY BUTTON'S JOURNEY TO BRENTFORD • or, The Ladies' F a vourite—will be produced on MONDAY, DEC. 26. Mr. W. Cooke's Elephants, pronounced by the Press and all who have witnessed their Performances the most extraordinary Trained animals in the World, will appear every Evening. THIS EVENING, DEC. 22, (And during the week), The New Grand Equestrian Chinese Spectacle, entitled " THE WISE ELEPHANTS OF THE EAST; or, THE MAGIC GONG.' Followed by a series of Mr. Wm. Cooke's matchless scenes of Equestrianism in THE CIRCLE, by the talented artistes of this establishment. Concluding with a favourite AFTERPIECE. Box-ottice open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. UIGal WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. TRIFI DAY —Morning 56 min.after 5 Evening 21 min.aft. 6 To-Moaftow— Morning 41 min.after 6 Evening 10 min.aft. 7 THE WEATHER.—STN OPTICS, Dim. 22. TRERMOMZTER, IN TILE SHADE. 40 —highest since noon yesterday. 36 —lowest this morning and during the night. 39—this day at noon. BAROMETER, 30'16—still rising. WrND,sh .W. by W.—Fresh breeze, and dull weather. It blow a arp gale from the N.E. last night, with occa sionll sno 74 1 ( Pkft: 4 ' X.,1)11> 61- _f L 5313 \ LONDON, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 22, 1853. The intelligence received to-day from the East, and published elsewhere in this impression - of our journal, is sufficiently extraordinary. It intimates, through despatches coming to us by way of Vienna, that the combined fleets of France and England, accompanied by the mari time armament of the Turks and Egyptians, had actually emerged at last, on the 10th instant, from the Bosphorus—directing their course across the Black Sea in a line that, if followed up, would lead them in a brief interval to Sebastopol. It announces a series of remarkable victories won by the soldiers of the SULTAN on the Asiatic contillcii t. It informs us that the province and city of Erivan had been voluntarily delivered up to the authority of the Sublime Porte by the inhabitants, and that Erivan had thereupon been at once occu pied by the troops Of MEHEMET PACHA, the General of the Division of Bayazid. It declares that the Russians had been effectually repulsed at Goumri by the Turkish forces under AHMED PACHA, the President of the military council of Anatolia—that they had been repulsed, indeed, so effectually as to'be driven back into the capital of Alexandropol. It adds, moreover, that Paskoff had been seized by the Moslem —the Muscovites having been triumphantly repelled by a strong .body of the Bashi Bouzouks and several battalions of re gular troops led by ZARIF MUSTAPHA, the com mander of the corps d' armee of the frontier of Akbaltzik. Victories, all of these, very gratifying to hear of, after the disaster of Sinope, and the deplor able excitement of feeling thereupon naturally ap parent at Constantinople. Additional particulars in reference to the ab ove intelligence must now be awaited with som e anxiety—especial regard being had to the con firmation of the news coming from Vienna, to the effect that the combined fleets had on the 10th instant started from the Bosphorus for Sebastopol. It would be a wonderful combination of circum stances if the only sign of vigour manifested by the Coalition were to be witnessed only on the very morrow, as it were, after Lord PALMERSTON'S re signation. It would, in fact, be a combination of circumstances about as marvellous as that of the Noble Lord the Member for Tiverton being rumoured to have withdrawn from the councils of his Sovereign on the plea that too considerable measures of Parliamentary Reform were contem plated by a Cabinet of which, nevertheless, the Right Honourable Gentleman the Member for the . University of Oxford continues to be one of the prominent members in his capacity as CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER. Surprising thoughthe confusion of parties undoubtedly has been of late years—it is absolutely as nothing when contrasted with the confusion of events consegnea upon that chaos among the elements making up the framework of the Administration. Here, for examp le , we are told that reforms which are quite reasonable to a Conservative like Mr. GLADSTONE, are too much altogether for a Re former like Lord PA I , / ,, RSTON. So reasonable to Mr. GLADSTONE that he continues to be a Member of the Coalition. So "reaso n • aote to Lord PAL MERSTON that he abruptly, and at a most critical juncture, throws up the liom e _s ec retaryship. Here, again, we witness the perseverance in the most craven policy towards Russia dnrie eight or ten months consecutively by the Cabinet of Lord ABERDEEN—the Noble. Viscount the Member for Tiverton being all the while a leading member o f that Administration. But no sooner • has the Noble Lord, the late Home Secretary, tendered his resignation to his Sovereign, than we are informed that the combined fleets of France and England, in conjunction with those of Egypt and Turkey, have entered the Black Sea at last, and have pro ceeded in the direction of Sebastopol. As if the signal for this astounding information— astounding as a sequel to the past foreign policy of the Coalition—comes the resigna tion of Viscount PALMERSTON. Everything indeed satisfies us that the news here adverted to requires confirmation. Everything justifies us in waiting with watchful anxiety for additional par ticulars before we venture to exult over the reported abandonment of the laissez faire system hitherto persevered in with such deplorable perti nacity by the ABERDEEN Government. Whatever may be the next accounts furnished to us from Constantinople, of this we may rest perfectly well assured, that England, and France, and Turkey, must, if they act at all by sea against Russia, act with a will, as the sailors say, with all their strength, promptitude, and determination. There must be no more sending of frigates to pick up scraps of information. There must be no more forwarding surgical assistance to the wounded—no more lock ing the stable door after the steed is stolen—no more "feelers," thrown out to discover the inten tions of Russia, after the forces of the CZAR hare been carrying fire and sword to the Turkish, ports, and desolating the coasts of their enemy's country with slaughter and conflagration,. IF warlike mea sures are really adopted at last against the mili tary or maritime armaments of the AUTOCRAT, they must be not partial, but complete and thorough. That compensation at least may be ex pected after this terrible, and lamentable, and as yet most disastrous delay, of retribution. It cannot be surprising, however, if, after all we have said, we acknowledge that we cannot place any reliance whatever in the energy or sagacity of the present Government. So long as the Earl of ABERDEEN continues at the head of the Cabinet, it would be simply absurd to look for either of those qualities in the Administration. This we reiterate with all possible deliberation— now—at this very moment, when we are told that the combined Fleets have left the Bosphorus for Sebastopol. A very creditable attempt is being made to solve one of the most difficult, as well as one of the most important, social problems of the day-- juvenile delinquency—the discovery of the means best calculated to effect the reformation of a large proportion of the wretched children who are called on to answer for offences against the laws of their country, are indeed topics of no ordinary interest, affording ample materials for discussion, and on which great differences of opinion prevail among persons conscientiously desirous of amelio rating the existing system. We confess, that we are somewhat sceptical as to the benefits to be de rived from the labours of those who arrogate to themselves the title of " prison philanthropists," and who fondly imagine that they are rendering meritorious services to the community by devising new and stringent punishments for criminals— punishments calculated to harden their hearts and brutalise their natures, and of which the best that can be said is, that they may work upon the fears of offenders by making them feel the terrible consequences of crime, and rendering existence intolerable to the habitual violators of the law of the land. But the subject which has called together the Birming ham Conference is of a very different character. The noblemen and gentlemen who assembled to gether in the capital of the midland counties are indeed engaged in a labour of love and mercy, and an effort to redeem some of those miserable and degraded creatures who, from being left with out care and instruction in their early years, have become, or are likely to become, outcasts from society—outlaws, whose hands are against every man, as every man's hand is against them. Whether the attempt be successful or otherwise, all honour, we say, to those with whom the idea originated, and by whom it is being carried out, who, as members of society, endeavour to dis charge the duties which it owes to those against whom it rigorously enforces its rights. A great diversity of opinion, unfortunately, prevailed at the meeting ; but this only proves the necessity for further investigation, and for calm and mature consideration. The public discussion will,' by directing attention to the subject and showing the conflicting views entertained, even tually lead to sound conclusions. On one point there could be no difference. There was the most perfect unanimity as to the necessity of affording power " to send children convicted of crime or habitual vagrancy to reformatory establishments for sufficient time for their reformation or indus trial training, or until sufficient sureties be found for their future good conduct." This is, indeed, an indispensable preliminary to any improvement. Whenever it appears that the infant offenders are deprived of parental supervi sion, or that their natural guardians, through evil example or culpable negligence, have disregarded their duties, thereby becoming direct or tacit parti cipators in their crimes, it is essential that the State should interpose its authority, and give to the badly taught or neglected a sounder education, ac companied with more wholesome discipline than it could obtain at home. And it is equally essen tial that the parent should, so far as practicable, be made to suffer for his or her apathy or indif ference, by being compelled to pay, so far as prac ticable, the expenses of the child's maintenance and training—that a badly-disposed person should not, by conniving at offences, get rid of his responsibility, or shift it on to the commu nity at large ; but that, on the contrary, an err ing and criminal child should be a greater expense to those liable for its maintenance than one properly conducted, who receives education and instruction suitable to the station in which it was born, and in which it is expected to live. On such a point the mere question of expense appears to be quite a secondary consideration. The greatest possible outlay that could be applied to the wholesome instruction and amendment of a young person in danger of being led ast ra y, would, comparatively speaking, be sound economy. This apparent paradox will at once be explained if we take into consideration the real cost of an incorrigible thief —of one trained up in predatory habits, ready to take advantage of any and every opportunity for plunder that may arise. It is not merely the value of the articles that he may purloin the co urse of his mischievous career that mu st be taken int o account—although, during on'a very moderate calculation, they would amount to ten or twenty fold the cost of his training in 'a reformatory school—but we must al so l oo k to the expenses of the vario us prosecutions and hi s prOportion of the prison expenditure, of the main tenanceugh the o v additionalof aru various s items t policem e n, e m saToned occs ti by sufferi ng juvenile offenders to spring up into profiigat e adults, we would find it a hundredfold that re quired for the more benevolent treatment of those who should be regarded ratheras objects of pity than of condemnation. But it is not a mere question of £. s. d. There are other and higher motives that should influence the members of a Christian commu nity—which should teach us at any price to bring ' bapk the wanderers from the fold—to rescue from depravity and misery the unfortunate infants who, in!the eye of a discriminating and disinterested Judge, may be regarded as " more sinned against than sinning !" "Are you tired of playing yet ?" Can we feel any doubt or difficulty as to the nature of the reply elicited from the "inexperienced" youths of both sexes who constitute the great majority of the audiences to whom. clap-trap interroga toiries of the above. description are addressed ? IPlay" at any price, or on any terMs, will be ttOcepted—" play," although it involves not merely tile sacrifice of future prospicts, but also of pre 86"t happine;sB,', paid renders necessary the endur atice of, privations and s u ff e ri ngs o f no ordi nar y intensity. Few of those who have not yet ar rived at what the law designates as " years of discretion," have sufficient fortitude to pursue the siein paths of duty in preference t o th e more in viting ways of pleasure. i The absence of labour —the avoidance of that v'rhich to many lazy and idly-disposed persons isv tile most terrible result of poverty, would alone be sufficient to insure the enthusiastic response required by the wily delegates, who see in the maintenance of the agitation the continuance of comfortable stipends for themselves—far more than they could earn in the pursuit of their ordinary avocations. The boys and girls whose minds they are exciting, and whose permanent misery they are occasioning, are not " tired cf playing yet ;" nor will they be tired so long as they can, by any means, obtain sufficient to keep body and soul together. Such feelings are not, peculiar to the factory operatives—they are com mon to juveniles of every station and class in society—to those of high birth, aristocratic con nexions, and large fortunes, as well as to the chil dren of toil who earn their daily bread by their daily labour. The great difficulty experienced by parents, guardians, and masters, is to keep the minds of their children or pupils steadily directed to the performance of their daily tasks. Any distin guishing influence that prevents the moulding of the ductile masses into proper forms is regarded with a degree of dread almost amounting to horror. The tempters who endeavour to seduce them from the straightforward course are avoided with the most determined pertinacity, and the rising generation energetically cautioned against being led astray by their pernicious counsels. Now, these temptations vary according to the station and position of those to be affected. In ducing persons, who, under ordinary circumstances, would be compelled to live by their labour, to abstain from work, and to fall into habits of in dolence, teaching them to live by begging (for, after all, the high-minded operatives of Preston, who refuse to work, are only mendicants on an ettensive scale), or by parochial relief, in place of by honest, painstaking industry, may be as de moralising as it would be to lead those of wealth and station into scenes of the most degrading pro fligacy. In either case the mind would be un hinged, 'and unfitted for the discharge of its ordi nary . functions ; it would be taught to detest wholesome exercise, and to crave after unhealthy excitement—to (as we have already stated) " dis count future happiness on tho most usurious terms." What, then, can be said of a cause in which such an argument is resorted to by the acknow ledged leader ? where the persuasion and induce ment held out to the younger portion of the audi ence to persevere in the demands put forward, not by them, but on their behalf, is the living in idleness, the waste of time in amusements and sports, still fascinating, though pursued with hungry bellies and half-naked backs, but which eminently disqualify them for the discharge of their tasks on future occa sions. As the promised prize of victory, to the more mature, is associated with " jerry shops," in which they are to be perpetually singing that " Britons never shall be slaveS," so to the pre cocious youngsters, play, play, play—constant unceasing play—is the anticipated reward. Experience teaches us how hard it is to reclaim those who have once taken to mendicancy or " cadging," as it is termed, for a livelihood. It is described as the most fascinating of all occupa tions, and those who can thus obtain even a crust will scorn the comforts derived from following any laborious trade or employment. Time will tell the results of the sixteen weeks' cessation of labour that has already occurred. It will be seen how far those who, with yet unformed habits and principles, have been so long " at play"—will be enabled to go back to work, and to discharge the laborious duties required at their hands ; and whether, when the disputes are arranged, and the factories reopened, a large proportion of the turn outs may not be disposed to tell Mr. COWELL, and other delegates who may seek a continuance of their stipends, that they (the operatives) are " not tired of playing yet." THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 22, 1853. COURT CIRCULAR. OSBORNE, DEC. 21. Sir James Graham returned to London early this morning. The Court will leave Osborne to-morrow for Windsor The Turkish Minister had an interview with the Earl of Aberdeen yesterday, at his official residence in Downing-street. A joint deputation of West India merchants and sugar refiners, on the subject of refining of sugar under bond, consisting of Messrs. H. E. Cram, of Glasgow ; Graham Russell, of Glasgow ; Alexander M‘E wan, of Glasgow ; Provost Martin, of Greenock ; and Robert Blair, of Greenock ; accompanied by Mr. John Macgregor M.P., had an an interview with the Chancellor of the Ex chequer yesterday, at his official residence in Downing street. Sir James Graham arrived at his residence, in the Admiralty, yesterday forenoon, from a visit to the Queen at Osborne, Isle of Wight. The Cathedral Commission met yesterday. Present— The Archbishop of Canterbury, the Marquis of Bland ford, the Earl of Harrowby, the Bishop of London, the Bishop of Oxford, Sir John Dodson, Sir John Patteson, the Rev. Dr. Hook, the Rev. Dr. Wordsworth, the Rev. Canon Selwyn, the Hen. and Rev. H. Montagn Villiers, and the Rev. Richard Jones (secretary). CHRISTMAS BENEFACTIONS TO CLERGYMEN WITH SMALL INCOMES. At this season of the year a considerable sum of money is annually distributed amongst poor curates and other clergymen of the Established Church by the Governors of the Ancient Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy, and on Saturday last, the 17th inst., they held their usual meeting for the purpose at the Corporation House, 2, Bloomsbury-place. Sir Robert Harry Inglis, Bart., M.P., the senior treasurer, took the chair ' • and amongst the other gover nors present were Lord Radstock, the Rev. Drs. Spry Vivian, Rev. Canon Jennings, Mr. Freshfield, M.P., treasurer, Mr. Sergeant Channell, Major Moore, Messrs. James Bentley, Charles Francis, 0. Hargreave, John Pepys, Henry Pownall, &c. The cases of 93 poor clergymen in England and Wales were investigated, and sums of from 101. to 201. were given to 80. The benefactions thus seasonably distributed are mainly limited, by the benevolent persons who be queathed them to the corporation, for curates in actual duty ; but as there are always a large number of clergy. men applying who are not eligible for assistance from these benefactions in consequence of having temporarily lost their curacies or being incapacitated by mental or bodily disease, or superannuated, or in possession of small benefices, the governors have recourse to a "special fund," which was established some years ago to meet such cases. Thus, on the present occasion, whilst 8171. was given from the appro priate funds to 56 curates in actual duty, 2351. was awarded from the "special fund" to 24 other clergymen. The applications came from all parts of England and Wales, and disclosed various sources of distress to which so large a body of men as the clergy must ever" , in many of its members, be unavoidably exposed. Numerous other applications, which arrived too late for consideration this month, will be.submitted to the governors in January, by which time we cor dially hope the funds may be amply replenished. In June next angther class of benefactions, viz., for beneficed clergymen, with small incomes and large families, will be distributable. Having thus relieved, as far as the funds will allow, the several. cases of distress amongst the clergy, the governors proceeded to consider applications from the widows, aged single daughters and children of clergy men, and appropriated amongst them 3811. in donations, educational grants, outfits, and apprentice fees. ARRIVAL OF • THE COURT AT WINDSOR.—Her Majesty, with his Royal Highness Prince Albert, and the junior members of the Royal family, arrived at Wind sor Castle to-day, from the Isle of Wight, for the Christ mas holidays. The Royal party left Osborne about ten o'clock in the forenoon, travelling by the Basingstoke and Reading Railway lines, and arrived at the Castle between one and two o'clock this afternoon. It is expected the Court will remain at Windsor until the first week in February. The Marquis and Marchioness of Drogheda are entertaining, at their hospitable mansion, Moore Abbey, county Kildare, the following distinguished personages -- The Marquis and Marchioness of Waterford, the Earl and Countess of Donoughmore, the Earl and Countess of Bec tive, Mr. Augustus Stafford, M.P., Mr. Vernon, M.P., lion. Spencer Ponsonby and Mrs. Ponso n by, H on. Frede rick Ponsonby, Mr. and Mrs. Carroll, Colonel the Hon. Charles Lindsay and Mrs. Lindsay, Mr. Edward Taylor, M.P., Mr. William Kennedy, Mr. Wortley, Mr. Edward Cole, Captain Thesiger, Captain Everard, Mr. and Mrs. James Moore, Major Ponsonby and, Miss Ponsonby, the Misses Moore, &c. Amateur theatrical performances took place ou the 20th and 21st inst. The Marquis and Marchioness of Londonderry al and suite have • "ved at Wynward Park, from Ireland.. Viscount and Viscountess Combermere have been entertaining a family party at Combermere. Amongst the guests have been the Marquis and Mai chionoss of Downshire, the Ladies Charlotte and Henrietta Pelham Clinton, &c. The noble and gallant viscount is to pre side, on St. John's Day, at the Masonic festival at Chester. It is currently reported that Mr. Disraeli has prepared the outlines of a measure of Parliamentary reform. Married, on the 4th inst., at the parish church of St. George, Hanover-square, the Rev. John Fitz Gerald, of University College, Oxford, son of the late Gerald Fitz- Gerald, Esq., of Mount Ophaley, Kildare, and first cousin of the Right Hon. Viscount Lorton, to Clare, eldest sur viving daughter of the Rev. George Musgrave, vioar of Borden, Kent. MONEY MARKET A ITD CO.2IIIIIERCIA.T., INTELLIGENCE. CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were estimated at 7,000 bales, of which 500 Surat were taken on speculation. The market was very dull, without change in prices. The sales comprised 5,500 American, 100 Pernam and Maranham, at 61d. to 81d., 100 Bahia, at 61d. to 60., 200 Egyp tian, at 6d. to'8„0., and 1,000 Surat, at 21el. to 4d. per lb. Railway shares were flat. The Colonial and Foreign Produce Markets close to-morrow, as far as public sales are concerned, and will not reopen until the 3d of January. The very fine new steamer City of Sydney, be longing to the Australasian Steam Packet Com pany, and recently launched by Messrs. Smith and Rodger, of Glasgow, has unavoidably been obliged to postpone the day of sailing for Australia, in consequence of the delay in getting a neon Boome rang-propeller applied, in place of the ordinary screw, originally fitted in when the Sydney . was built. It is, however, anticipated both by the patentee, Sir Thomas Mitchell, and the owners, that the Boomerang-propeller will prove more effec tive than the common three-leaved screw, and that the short delay in sailing will be made up by in creased speed on the voyage. We understand that Sir T. Mitchell is likely to take his passage in the City of Sydney, which is now appointed to sail on the 3d January for Australia. From the liberality of the company in sparing no expense either in the outfit of the ship, the bill of fare, or in those numerous appliances which administer so much to comfort at sea, there can be no doubt but passen gers will find the City of Sydney as desirable a conveyance as has left these shores for the Austra lian colonies. The samples of gossan forwarded from the dif ferent English mines to be tested by Berdan's machine are very considerable, and the results pro mise to be most important. The Circular to Bankers in commenting upon the matter states :--- " Professor Ansted has made his calculations upon the experiments, and has assumed the machinery to re quire an engine of 25-horse power, and to be worked continuously, except when stopped for repairs or deli vering the amalgam, from which he estimates that 16 tons of average ore might be reduced per day in England or Western Europe at an average cost of 13s. 9d. per ton, and that in California the cost would exceed 20s. a ton. Without attempting to depreciate the value of Professor Ansted's scientific inquiries, we may, perhaps, be permitted to offer a few remarks upon the practical part of his caculations. From the several inquiries we have made upon this point, we think his estimates are not put in the most favourable light as to the cost of working the ma chine, and this is far too important to be over looked. We find that he has put the cost of wear and tear of the machine at 60 per cent., or 1,4401. in the "annual charges." S ure ly thi s mus t b e a very extreme rate, and, if correct, the friction caused by the working must be already very considerable. But we understand that, so far from this being the fact, there is scarcely any perceptible wear discoverable, though the machine has been at work upwards of two months. This seems to us to be the principal point in Professor Ansted's estimate 'to be correctly deter mined ; for we cannot conceive, from the exami nation of the working of the machine, that it is possible that the annual deterioration can reach so high a pro portion. Professor Ansted appears to ground his esti mate upon the opinion, 'that.the basin and balls would probably require frequent replacement.' For he says of the machine itself, It is not likely to get out of order.' We are induced, therefore, from his own remarks, to question the rate of 60 per cent. for deterioration and replacement of machine.' We are also inclined to believe that the quicksilver acting upon the balls and then moving in a circular direction, would contribute materially to diminish the wear and tear." There has been a heavy market for English Secu rities, and prices rule at the lowest point paid after hours yesterday afternoon, Consols being 94g- 1. The New 31 per Cents. have been quoted 96i to g, and the 3 per Cents. 94 to Exchequer Bills have been at 3s, to 6s. premium. •Money is in great demand in the Stock Exchange, as much as 41 per cent. having been paid for loans, a circum stance hardly anticipated so soon after the large purchases of stock by the public, and the amount thereby thrown into circulation. There have been very few transactions in the foreign market, but a rise has again occurred in Peruvian Bonds, which have been done at 69 and 70 for the 4i per Cents; and at 49 and 50 for the 3 per Cents. Mexican Stock has been quotfed 241. Sardinian Bonds have been marked 90. Belgian 4.4 per Cents. have realised 9G, and Dutch 21 per Cents. 64. There have been no bargains in Spa nish or Portuguese. The Railway Market is rather flatter, and in some cases a decline has occurred of about ) 2 per cent. Lancashire and Yorkshire, Great Western, Midland and North British have been chiefly dealt in. Eastern Counties are firmly supported, and Peruvian have been a shade higher. Foreign Shares have been quiet, but the Luxembourg are firm. The Gold Mining Shares .have been a shade firmer, though in very little request. There has been a further slight decline in the shares of the Joint-Stock Banks. Tho Land Companies Shares have receded about 10s. for the Australian Agricultural, but the South Australia is very firm. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY. (From the Olicial List.) Business (inns. 3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 944 41 A ; 4 7 - New 34 per Cent. Annuities 9 64 Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan., 1860 Consols for Opening 18th Jan. 94} A Exchequer Bills, ld. £l000 Small 6 p PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY. kustrian Bonds, 5 per Cent ... 97 Grenada Bonds, Deferred Greek Bonds, Red ... Ditto, Blue Mexican 3 per Cent. Peruvian Bonds, 4i per Cent. Ditto 3 per ent. Rusilan Bonds, 44 per Cent — Ditto Small Sardinian Bonds, 5 per Cent.. .......... ...... 904 Spanish Bonds, 3 per Cent 464 B Spanish New Deferred, 3 per C0nt..... 22 Dividends on the above payable in London. Austrian Bonds 5 per Cent. 10 Gs• 2••••••• 81} Belgian Bonds 4i per Cent, ox. 25 fr Dutch Exchange, 24 per Cent. 12 Guil THREE O'CLOCK. Consols for Opening ISth January 94i x d MARKET NEWS-(THIS DAY.) GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN For the Week ended Dec. 22, 103, made up from the Returns of tl - e Inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in England and Wale-, per Imperial Quarter. wnEkr. BAEGET. I OATS. 1 RTE. / mars. 1 PEAS. 701 9u 34s 91 I 24a 11 d 444 7d 488 104 ble 10d THE SIX WEEKS' AVERAGE. WHEAT. 1 BARLXT. I OATS. I 72s 3d 40s lid 25s Id 43s 6 d 508 9d 54s Id DUTIES ON FOREIGN CORN. WHEAT. I BARLEY. I OATS. I SSE. BEANS. I PEAS. is Od Is Od is Od is Od is Od Is Od QUANTITIES OF GRAIN SOLD LAST WEEK. Wheat, 55,349; Barley, 97,814; Oats, 21,504 ; Rye, 160 ; Beans, 5,185; Peas, 2,046 quarters. HAY MARKETS. SMITHFIELD.--Meadow hay, 3/ . N to 5/ 10s ; clover ditto, 4/ Os to 6/ 6s ; and straw, 1/ 141 to 2/ 2s per load. A moderate supply, and a steady demand. CIIMBERLAND.—Meadow hay, 31 Os to 51 12s ; clover ditto, 4/ Oa to 6/ 6s; and straw, 1/ 15s to. 2/ 4s per load. Supply good, and trade firm. WHITECHAPEL.—Meadow hay, 31 Os to Si 103; clover ditto, 41 Os to 6/ lOs ; and straw, 11 146 to 2/ 20 per load. Trade steady, at full quotations. MEAT MARKETS. NEWaATE AND LEADENHALL.—A large business doing in each kind of meat to-day, on the following terms : Beef, from 3s 4d to 4s 411; Mutton, 33 6d to 4s 8d ; Veal, 3s 10t1 to 4s 10d ; Pork, 3s 4d tofis Od per 81bs, by the carcase. SOTJTHA.LL, DEC. 21.—T0-day's markets was well stip plied with each kind of stock, iu which only a limited business has been transacted. The following are the quotations : Beef, from 3s 6ti to 4s 10d ; Mutton, 3s 6cl to bs - Veal, 3s 10d to 4s .8d ; Pork, 3s; 4d to s per 81bs, to sink the offal. FtOMFORD, DEC. 21.—Prime beasts and sheep moved off steadily at full prices ; otherwise the demand was in a slug gish state. Beef, from 3s' 4d to 5s Od ; Mutton, 35 to 5s 2d ; Veal, As Od to 5s Od ; Pork, 3s 4d to 4s do per Sibs. Quarter old Store Pigs, 21s to 2€s each. RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS. THE GREAT NORTHERN' RAILWAY.—Traffio return for the week ending Dec. 11, 1853 £18,455 5 10 Corresponding week last year 14,402 5 11 LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAILWAY. —Traffic re turn for the week ending Dec. 18, 1853 £17,041 10 5 Corresponding week last year 17,478 0 7 CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAlLWAY.—Traffic return for the week ending Dec. 18, 1853 £3,861 12 11 Corresponding week last year 3,074 6 6 £787 6 5 Increase in 1853 .CORK AND BANDON RAlLWAY.—Traffic return for the week ending Dec. 17, 1553 E 195 19 11 Corresponding week last year - l4l 13 7 LA TV INTELLIGENCE-(THIS DIY). SECONDARIES' COURT. (Before Mr. Secondary Potter.) NEGLECT OF ATTORNEYS.-WOOD v. BUSSELL, This was an action to recover the sum of 3/. 19s. 9d., being the balance of an account for work done. The plaintiff is a law stationer in Chancery-lane, and defend ant an attorney. Mr. Lush appeared as counsel for the plaintiff, and Mr. Pierce for the defendant, but the attornies on both ■ides were absent. Mr. Lush, after the jury had been in the box for half an-hour, said that he must proceed with•,ut the assist ance of the attorney, and called Mr. Wood, whose evi dence made out a prima facie case, and was confirmed by a witncs called by defendant's counsel. Mr. Pierce said that, according to his instructions, there was a good defence to the action ; but, of course, as the defendant was not present he must submit to a verdict, for to make out any case he had been left to call one of the plaintiff's witnesses, who had confirmed the evidence of the plaintiff. Verdict for the amount claimed. In a second case neither of the attorneys appeared, and the cause was struck out. Thejury complained of their unnecessary delay, but there did not appear to be any redress ; some said that they would have been fined for non-attendance, but the attorneys were not, and that a rule should be made to compel attorneys to give due notice if they did not intend to try the cases, as they got their fees but the jurors did not. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY. (Before Mr. Commissioner Evans, Senior Commissioner) IMPORTANT QUESTION AS TO PROTECTION AFTER SUSPEN OF CERTIFICATE. -IN RE WRIGHT. This bankrupt had carried on business as a draper, at Maldon, and in May last his certificate was suspended for two years, without protection for six months, which period having expired. Mr. Linklater applied for protection until the time the certificate would be granted. Mr. Bagley, for a creditor, opposed the application on two grounds first, that the court had no jurisdiction hav ing once adjudicated, and that where there any discretion ary power it did not exist in this case, as the bankrupt had kept out of the way to avoid any execution against him. The policy of the bankrupt law was to award a pertain amount of punishment where there had been any offence committed under the bankrupt law, and the suspension of the certificate was the mildest course ; but it implied that the bankrupt should be left at the mercy of the creditors during the time the protection was refused, as the protection operated not only against debts provable, but those unprovable, even against the Crown, which was not affected by the bankruptcy. He (Mr. Bagley) would call a witness to prove that the bankrupt had kept out of the way to avoid arrest, and had thereby deprived himself of all claim for protection, until he had suffered the intended punishment. Mr. John Eaton, one of the officers of the Sheriff of Essex, was called, and proved that he had endeavoured to arrest the bankrupt, at Maldon, and that another officer held' a warrant at Bury St. Edmonds, but the bankrupt had not been seen. His Honour said that, acting on discretion, he must be satisfied that the bankrupt had wilfully kept out of the way ; but in this case there was no evidence, and on the cases decided before the Lord Justices he was of opinion that the period of non-protection could not be extended, as their lordships considered that the anxiety was almost commensurate with actual confinement ; and as in the other cases where the certificates were wholly refused, their lordship had held that protection should, alter a certain period, be granted, Protection was accordingly granted. SHERIFF'S COURT. (Before R. Gurney, Eiq.) NEALE AND ANOTHER V. THE STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY. This was an action to recover damages for losses sus tained by the sinking of a lighter with a cargo of coals. The damage was estimated at M. 18s. The case lasted a long time, and as in matters of col lision by road, rail, or river, the evidence was very con flicting, but the preponderance was in favour of the plaintiff, it being shown that the ligher had gone down throUgh the swell of two steamers belonging to the company. His Honour therefore gave judgment for the amount' claimed. ENORMOUS EXPENSES OF COUNTY COURT PRACTICE.- IN RE BUCHANAN V. THORLEY. Mr. W. R. Buchanan, solicitor, who was plaintiff in this case, applied for a commitment against the defen dant under peculiar circumstances, which prove the utter inefficiency of the present law to enforce payment from an obstinate or dishonest creditor. it appeared from the statement of Mr. Buchanan that he had ori ginally taken proceedings on a bill of exchange for [CI., and was compelled to sue the defendant in the Shore ditch County Court, and obtained judgment, to avoid which defendant removed to this district, and it had been necessary to take out three judgment summonses. On one defendant had been committed for 7 days, and on two others 20 days each. The costs of the proceed ings being nearly 101., money out of pocket, and had he (Mr. Buchanan) been suing for a client the numerous attendances would have run up to a very large amount —perhaps 301. The defendant had been in constant work at 30s. a week. His Honour said that he would endeavour to bring the defendant to his senses, and would now order a commitment for 40 days. Mr. Buchanan said he would not take out the war rant immediately to spoil a family of a Chris linos dinner. WEDNESDAY EVENING CONCERT'S. The ninth concert of this series, given at Exeter-hall last night, was as well attended as any former one, and the performances were, on the whole, very successful. The programme. consisted chiefly of selections from Mendelssohn and Balfe, the two most popular composers of the day. The principal feature of the first part was the Mid summer. Night' s Dream music, which was admirably executed, the " Wedding March " being encored, in spite of the rule against encores at the Wednesday Con certs. The Bohemian Girl furnished its chief morceaux for the second part, and the airs " The heart bowed down," "I dream% that I dwelt," " When other lips," and " The Gipsy Chorus," were heartily applauded by the audience. The solos were sung by Mr. Lawler, Miss Messent, and Mr. Perren, and all the principals lent their voices in the chorus. Madame Amedei gave two songs, • "In si Barbara Sciagura," from Semirantide, and a new ballad, " The Rose in its Bloom," composed expressly for the lady by F. Praeger, the words by E. Fitzball. It is a pleasing composition, and well suited to the display of Madame Amedei's rich voice. She was encored in both pieces. Mr. Genge sang a pretty ballad of Lover's, "The Fairy Tempter," with his usual sweetness and expression. Mr. Rowland played a solo on the double bass, and displayed great command of that unwieldy instrument. The rest of the concert consisted of songs and ballads, sung by Miss Messent, Miss Wells, Miss A lleyne, Mr. Perren, Mr. Lawler, and others—most of them very familiar to the public. THE NEW HOME SECRETARY.—It is generally be lieved that Sir James Graham accepts the office of Secretary of the Home Department, and that Fox Maule (Lord Panmure) is to be First Lord of the Admiralty.—Morning Herald. The steamer damaged that put into Plymouth on Tuesday was not one of the Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamers, but one of the screw-vessels of the new Peninsular Trading Company. TOTAL Loss OF THE HUMBOLDT STEAM-SHIP.—The wreck of this fine first-class steamer has created some sensation at Lloyd's, on account of the heavy amount of insurances that had been .effected on her cargo. which is reported to have been worth upwards of 300,0001. The Humboldt was a most powerful steamer, nearly 1,400 tons burden. She was commanded by Captain J. D. Lines. She arrived off the entrance of Halifax harbour, from Southampton, on the morning of the 6th of the present month. She had been twelve days only out from England, and getting sliort of coals, Captain Lines bore up for the harbour to obtain fuel, and on arriving off it, hove to for a pilot, who shortly came on board, and undertook to take her into the harbour without delay. A dense fog prevailed shortly after, _but the pilot persisted in going on, and in attempting to make the harbour ran the vessel on to a formidable reef of rocks, known as the Sisters. It was about six o'clock at the time, and although she was not making more than four knots per hour, the force with which she struck was most severe. She was immediately backed off, the pilot supposing she had not sustained any injury, but on sounding the pumps she was found to be making water so rapidly that it became necessary, for the safety of the passengers and the lives on board, to run her ashore near Portuguese Cove, situate about twelve miles from Hali fax. By the aid of several small steamers which were sent to her assistance, the whole of the passengers and crew were taken off in safety, together with most of their baggage and luggage. Very little of her cargo, however, was saved, and towards night the sea broke completely over her. By the last accounts it seems that her machinery had sunk through her bottom, and the vessel was a total wreck. Captain Lines is stated to have an interest in the vessel to the extent of 10,0001., and, unfortunately, he was not insured. LATEST FOREIGN NEWS. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. - By electric telegraph as late as Wednesday even ing, we have received the following important in telligence from Vienna : "The combined English, French, and Turkish fleets entered the Black Sea on the 10th. It is supposed that their destination is Sebastopol. " Three ships from each squadron have been left to guard the approach to Constantinople." We learn from Paris that telegraphic intelligence had reached that capital from Constantinople down to the 13th inst. The courier who conveyed the Collective Note and Circular Instructions of the Vienna Conference had arrived, and the Ambassa dors of the Four Powers proceeded at once to take these documents into consideration. A strict inquiry has been ordered into the causes of the destruction of part of the Turkish fleet at Sinope, which is attributed to the neglect of the Turkish authorities in not recalling those vessels after they had been warned to do so, or to the want of timely information that the Russian fleet was cruising off the coast of Asia. The following important_Turkish despatches have been received. If correct, of which there is little doubt, considering the source from which they have been derived, they place matters in the East upon a very different footing to the Russian bulletins ERZEROUIif, Nov. 16.—Mehemet Pacha, Gene ral of the Division of Bayazid, has penetrated the Russian territory; and occupied several villages situated near the frontier, in the province of Eri van. Anxious to profit by his first successes, he immediately advanced upon the City of Erivan. At his approach, the principal persons and autho rities advanced to meet him in a body, and de livered the place up to him. The Russians had evacuated it. " Mehemet Pacha, thinking it unwise to enter Erivan at once, for fear of stratagem, took up a position in the environs. This event proves the sympathy of tha inhabitants for the Turks, and it is more 'than probable that the Russians, having abandoned so important a place, will also evacuate the whole province. " On the 14th of November, a yavert (an aide de-camp) passed through Erzeroum, bringing intel ligence of an engagement at Goumri, a town situ ated on the frontier near Alexandropol, where the Russians have a large custom-house. ‘,‘ Aftor a desperate fight (combat acharne), the Turks, led by Ahmed Pacha, President of the Mili tary Council of the army of Anatolia, repulsed the Russians, who took refuge in the citadel of Alexan dropol. Not having cannon of sufficient calibre to lay siege to the citadel, Ahmed Pacha took his, position, and . fortified himself in the town of •• - - Goumri. - ' l ' At the same time, Zara Mustapha, in command of the corps d'armee of the frontier of Akhaltzik, at the head of the Bachi Bouzouks, and of several battalions of regular troops, seized upon Paskoff at some distance from the fortified town of Akhalt zik, whither the Russians had retired. He intended to fortify Paskoff, and, leaving a garrison there to hold the Riisians in check, to push farther into the province, of which the inhabitants are well dis poied to the Turks." There is now little doubt as to the course in tended to be adopted in consequence of the disaster at , Sinope, by the combined fleets of England, France, and Turkey. The Paris correspondent of the Times, dated last night, says : " The entry of the British and French fleets into the Black Sea may now be considered as a fait accompli ; and the French Government is in daily expectation of receiving the official announcement of the fact from its Ambassador at Constantinople. General Baragnay d'Hilliers has instructions to send to Marseilles the Caradoc steamer with dis patches announcing the execution of the order for the entry of the fleets, the manner in which the Collective Note of the Four Powers has been re ceived by the Porte, and the effect produced on the population by it ; the official details of the Sinope massacre, and the actual state of the public mind in the capital of Turkey. " We yesterday alluded to the manner in which the tidings of that calamitous event were received by the Emperor Louis Napoleon. What we then stated has been confirmed since in a quarter in which reliance may be placed. A burst of indig nation first followed that announcement, and for one whole day the Emperor was fully determined to, undertake alone, if necessary, the task of pro tecting the Turks from future outrage in the Black Sea, if not of avenging those they have already endured. A personage of some distinction, though not a political character, having very recently mentioned to Louis Napoleon that he had heard of the entry of the fleets, and wished to know if it was true—' Yes,' the Emperor is said to have answered, ' I hope so, and if they have entered you may rest assured that they shall not quit it, except with the Russians from the Principalities.' He has d eclared on another occasion that, in the Eastern question as it stood, there was but one course for him to follow, and that was le sentier d'honneur—the path of honour—and that he was determined to do so, even if he did it alone and unaided. " The effect produced on the English Cabinet by the disaster of Sinope has not been less than that in France. Despatches have been sent to Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, communicating the approval of his conduct in sending the frigates to the Black Sea after the affair of Sinope, and in giving the order for the entire squadron to enter. We men tioned the determination of the Emperor to send a corps d'armee, if necessary, for the relief of Turkey. The orders that were then, or soon after, given, have been since renewed, and Marshal St. Arnaud could, at the present moment, detach no inconsi derable force to the East at a very sh , ,rt notice. " The Emperor of Russia has hitherto regarded, or affected to regard, the Black Sea as a Russian lake. When he hears that that lake is occupied by two mighty fleets, and that their flags float in sight of those shores he believed closed against Western Europe, how will he feel, and what will he say ? He is understood to have declared more than once, and to have announced to foreign Powers, that the entrance of a single ship of war into the Euxine would be considered as a declaration of war. Will he now make good his threat, recall his Ambas sadors from England and France, and proclaim hostilities ? The first object of the combined fleets, once in the Black Sea, will be to protect the coasts of European and Asiatic Turkey from outrage, and render impossible another collision between the Ottoman and Russian squadrons. What they will dd if a Russian Admiral repeat the boast attributed to' him of sweeping "the Turks and their abetters" from the Euxine, it is not difficult to guess. Sinope is not the only harbour in that part of the world which may witness the destruction of a fleet and a rortress. " Other letters from Constantinople speak of the general discontent at the inaction of the fleets. All accounts concur in doing every justice to the gal lantry—the desperate gallantry—of the Turks at Sinope, notwithstanding the immense odds against them. Not a heart quailed, though destruction from water, fire, and cannon balls was inevitable, for the Russians were inexorable in their cruelty. Yet Sinope, disastrous as it was, will not have occurred in vain, fof the Ottomans h ave p rove d there as on the anube, that they have still, as it were, the gristle, and may again be h ar d ene d i n t o the bone, of manhood. " Various accounts have been received in Paris from the Danubian provinces, but it is difficult to discover the truth amidst such contradictory state ments. One letter announces that the Russians attacked the entrenchments at Kalafat on the 4th inst., and were repulsed with the loss of 4,000 men. Parties generally well informed, however, affirmed confidently, that the Russians forced the Turkish entrenchments at Kalafat, and that great slaughter ensued. Two Russian steamers, having four gun boats in tow, are said to have cannonaded the Turkish position near Matschin on the 13th inst., but the result is not known. Omar Pasha, who bad quitted Schumla, was at Rustchuck on the 10th inst." The Osservatore Triestino contains some details of the battle of Sinope. On the 30th November a steamer, sailing under a foreign flag, entered the harbour of Sinope, and after examining the position of the Turkish vessels went out to sea again. Early on the following morning the sea was calm and covered with a dense fog which made it impossible to see beyond a certain distance. The Turkish sen tinels perceived something looming through the fog, and to their consternation this something turned out to be a Russian line of battle ship, which had already entered the harbour, and was fol lowed by a second vessel towed by the steamer Medjue Tedjaret, a Turkish vessel, which a few days before had been captured by the Russians. A third, fourth, and fifth line-of-battle ship followed in the wake of the former two. The whole squadron con- sisted of three three-deckers, four biglibord vessels eight frigates, several steamers, and a couple. of smaller ships, which anchored opposite to the Turkish fleet, and closed up the entrance to the harbour. One of the large vessels hoisted a r ed _ ant upon this the Turkish batteries op ened _ fire upon them. The Russian ships were in front of a low stra.utt battery, which was intended to com mand the entrance to the harbour, but which could not be brought into action as its fire would ha ve damaged the Turkish vessels. The Allgemeine Zeitung states, that the Tarki , 3 ll vessels which were destroyed at Sinope were origi nally intended to convey an expedition to Crimea, but that the Russians, having been informed of the plan, and measures having been taken according l y the Turkish War-office altered its plan, and resol ved to send certain st o res, monies, and troops to sup port the mountaineers in the Caucasus. The en 7 pedition was sent from C o nstantinople with crest secresy. The combined Turkish -Egyptian fleetentered the Black Sea at the same time, in o rder _ to deceive the Russian Admiral as to the object of the above-named expedition.. After a cruise o_ f 18 days, the large fleet returned to Constantinop le , without meeti ng with a single Russian v essel, • pt.' it was confidently believed that Prince Men,sclikofr, intimidated by the fleets o f the Western Pow ers, kept his s hip s i n th e h ar b our o f Sebastopol. I t appears, however that the Russian Admiral had a full khowledge of the intentions of the Turks, for he paid no attention to the three divisions of the Turkish-Egyptian fleet, but the strictest watch was kept on the m ovemen t s o f th e expedition which proceeded along the coast of Trapesant. The Turkish Admiral, being informed of this surveil lance, ran his division under cover of the batteries of Siuope ; he could not, however, avoid his fate ; his vessels were destroyed, and he himself ear tured. M. de Fonton, late Russian Consul-General t Servia, has gone to St. Pet ers burg. Se probably be sent on a special mission to Persia. The Sultan's reply to the Collective Note of the sth inst. is expected to arrive at Vienna on the 26th. M. Pouillade, the French Consul at Wallac hia d left Galatz o n ' the 4th inst. on board a L l „ ° Y, steamer, which w as b oun d f or C ons t an tinople. - 1 -‘ ll ,_ ° Russians stopped the steamer at the Sulina and compelled, her to proceed to Odessa. From St. Petersburg we learn that an ordinan ce has been published, with the signature of tlle, Finance_ Minister, declaring all me rchant vessels . laden with, or carrying munitions of war to be law - fui prizes, although sailing under a neutral flag . A Te Deum has b e e n s un g in the Czar's chapel I°. the victories of Akhaltzik'and Sinope. Te Dia ins is have . also been s ung i n a ll th e churches of thee capital. The news of the " victory" of Sinope has caused the utmost joy and enthusiasm. A Turk ish flag has been p ara d e d a ll th roug h the city , escorted by squadrons o f th e I m p er ial Gua r "', whilst the cannon of the citadel thundered. 7 , " A letter from Constantinople, of the , says the Patrie, " gives some details respecting t"",. situation of Persia. Th a t p ower h a d no t at Oa° date declared war on Turkey, as was er roneons l Y f stated everywhere in Europe by th e em issaries ° Russia ; but it appears that a very marked differ . enne had occurred b e tw een th e C our t o f Tehera n a4l. the Charge d'Affaires of England. Howeve r ' this litter had not, at thel date of the most roa n " t news, quitted the country ; he bad merely glu m his Government advice of the state of things Persia." The St. Petersburg journals have announce d , that the Russian B a lti c fleet.has been dismantle d, arid that the crews have been sent to their home!' In order to fully understand the bearing of this measure it is useful to mention that the Balb e fleet, which has the best sailors in the Russian navy' were transferred three mouths since to the Blac i , c i Sea fleet, and only fresh levied seamen remaine d at Crenstadt. It is these men who have been sen t to their homes for the winter sea so n, when the fleet of the Baltic cannot mo v e o n a cc ount of t"' ice. Letters have been received by a mercantile firl from correspondents entitled to f u ll c redit, dste' Erzeroum, the 17th of November, which refer to the progress of the war in Asia Minor, and are be; lieved. to contain the latest and most exact account that have yet come to hand. From these it appea rs that the series of successes already reported on the part of the Turks have not been much overrated, since, although none of them have been of a vat extensive or decisive character, their aggregate re suit has been such as to induce the main body T . the army to cross the Georgian frontier and march upon Tiflis. The capture of the fort of St. Nicolas, the first important event of the campaign, is stated to , have been effected by a surprise, and to bs' o been attended with great slaughter, the number 01 Russians killed and wounded being stated at 1,500, while only 80 were made prisoners. A large stock of flour was found, which was much needed, and the place has since been occupied by a division of 4,000 Turks. Subsequently, about the 3d Nov., a body of irregulars and some cavalry,• headed by Ibrahim Bey, were attacked by a body of 5,000 Russians, encamped at a place called Valee Doozee, but the Turks carried everything before them, and forced the Russians to seek r e f uge i n the fortress 0 f Achek, the surrounding population harassing thew in their retreat. In this action, however, the, Turks, who had only light tro o ps, l o st aboutl,o°' men. Immediately upon hearing of the even t, Ali Pasha, commander of the Ardaban division of army, crossed the frontier into Georgia, and occupied the site of the late Russian camp• few days afterwards another skirmish took place 3 ' Eussoon, a village in the vicinity of Bayazid, also on the Georgian frontier, near Mount Ararat , where Essat Bey, with 1,500 irregulars, was e s c i sailed by a Russian force of 1,000 regulars, se t succeeded in repulsing them, upon whi c h Mehl: 1 1 and Selim Pashas, the comm a nde rs a t Bayszl forthwith advanced, crossed the frontier eIY marched for Erivan. _ M e a nw hil e it transpire d that Selim Pasha (of the Batoum divi s ion), he du advanced from Shefkatil, and after four as saults t had taken Urzughett, a s t rong m ilit ar y P, ° ,, 5 „ about 12 miles di s t an t f rom th a t pl ace . 1 ,1 consequence of all th ese movemen t s was, that Kerim Pasha, one of the commanders of the wai n body of the Turkish forces, encamped at Kai' urged a bold advance o f th e . e nti re a r my Georgia. • This, however, was opposed by Ab Pasha, the Commander-in-Chief, who is describe as inactive and obtuse, on th e pl ea th a t wi n ter w a s approaching, and that he did not wish " to be a e " featedlike Napoleon." Nevertheless, at • a subse quent council of war, that decision was overrule‘ A ", and on .the 12th of November the camp was accord ingly broken up, and the army, c on s i s ting of abe t r , l o . 23,000 men, commenced th e i r marc h, l eavin g 1`2, 0 " men to watch Goumri, or Alexandropol, a strollg fortress nearly opposite Kars, and in the Georgiei; territory, which was understood t o be garrisane; by about 10,000 Russians. In an action a few l e later the Russians were forced to retire into fortress of Goumri, and the Turks occupied the WI! which was not command e d by th e R uss ian O n e _ These are the whole parti c ul ars k nown at Erl i i roum up to the 17th, and the future acc ounts l'„ 0 detail the cr iti ca l resu lt s o f th e a d vance upo n Tiflis. Thus f ar th e T ur k s h a d b een univ% sally welcomed by the Georgian populatior, l, llo large number of whom had joined the army. e se total of " the Turki s h f orces , accor di ng to thud advices, consists of about 75,000 regular troops 80,000 irregular. Of the regulars, about 3 5 / o a t were at Kars under Abdi Pasha, 10,000 wer e c l Batoum, 6,000 at Ardaban, 5,000 at Bayazid, the remainder at Erzeroum and elsewhere. ( "La great want they experience is that of batter in g trains, some heavy guns which were sent from. & n . stantinople to Trebizond having stuck in the moue tains between that place and Erzerounn, wher e t must remain till the spring ; but it is said tha wn every engagesimiat hitherto the men have sh,, ei e 1 , 0 great courage, Ad that if well led there W° ll ,... t iu t u r r full reason to expect they would conquer. misgivings, however, seem to be entertained 6 ; 3 : sequence of the alleged inefficiency of the Coni i l eat der.in-Chief. With regard to the reported ci f (' to of the Turks at Akaltzik, where they were sad, foro have lost 4,000 men, no such.tidings app reached Erzeroum, and the same is t i , i l on gh with the Persian declaration of war, ad"' . s uit e the news had transpired of the retire e' ResP df the, English Charge from Teheran. Chic' ing the movements of the Circassian ic . 00 .. Schamyl nothing was known, except that he W ,la s t ' aie templating a junction with the Turks, and tt reci to principal force of the Russians was req e ' keep him in check. To facilitate the courre,, sa i. ear te D ose tion between the Turks and the Georgians t il tir th, • tan had sent Sadullah Pasha, a Georgi t r e b r Y an v i, of to co-operate with the army, with that' 03 Governor of Georgia, and it is averred i s e o il though it had been expected the p e ople w..„ tajoe l the moment any great victory had been " to for her b e r ward on the slightest success is altogeL na g y , the by the Turks, the manner in which they e° n d thatl the R l n is i satnrytonhgiensgt that convictionshad been r are anticipated. expressed sm all, e sian forces in Asia are comparatively time or that the accounts circulated from time tO is the arrival of large reinforcements have been i s is fictitious. "Altogether," it is remsriwu aTe d for quite marvellous to find them so ill pr , ep,,r he hos .. s ur true 8 P defence, so easily beaten and dispirite,cl,:e, l are tility of the population by which h t e U rounded is regarded, however, as t o bliged to scatter a large number of men .a r c o for 1 10 . nation of this state of affairs, since the,...ye t . r o e rtr asses , while the movements of the Circassi s their vigilance in the field. th . e " ld h , The Journal de St. Petersburg says :-- E at in t p h e e r r o e r eb h a v b d e e e th without wanting for special orders,iiietsiled infervatioZ on the families of the officers of the Olt (7f th e °lac _ presentedigtiedtootrod hr,rulncel,e_reid;ttiereoey C a , to r na l an ( for us] the /lel an.( tio r taia Etro Etea Etea ar il , tain F„ c otife r t ° o l ' St. all ° roe _ 11 4 ,4_ rtiackBt 'C N°o e tiod er t 441)t :~'