The Sun. — London, England, 1853-10-05 00:00:00

ly or ~ i their ;e and ie en- Lough, )e leE -" An from The ibined t time till at which Wrong is pre 7edible tbassc.- 3. If, at the ay nut n this :aty of by its r as to ) esta ty, all ie fate, cessity itable ; reatieB that it army vices of Stara= arters. 3ertaill lonoUr ncoun- strong icasus; L20,0 0 ° Dng th e diStrr ich are, heade ar 183 he yea ce the or bin: stated belong' [strict* Turk Russia and tllB ;., stO . a sor e ;ored t° t 4* in yor -rout tuv • m 0n .,, 0 1, 11; t° 6 hat CO' ccoM 10 ; ague s' o A 41 awal l i and s c are a ls° , i th g r they t‘ avil td c orrec t e diffe r a mod , the P u p ti j of 133°' untrf.i lATOS' LITERATUBB. History of the Insurrection in China. By MM. Callery and Yvan. Translated from the French by John Oxenford. Smith, Elder, and Co. Perhaps no volume was ever published more opportunely than this political and historical ac count of one of the most wonderful revolutions ever witnessed in the eastern hemisphere. Sud denly, and unexpectedly, and at the moment of the last bewilderment, [it admits the European spectator of events into the secret of the great Chinese Insurrection. For this the public is in debted to the sagacity of Doctor Yvan, one of the most observant of modern travellers, and to the erudition of M. Callery, one of the most:skilful of oriental interpreters. Whether they are a species of scholarly Damon and Pythias, or a kind of poli tical Beaumont and Fletcher, it were difficult to conjecture under the circumstances. A suggestion has been thrown out, however, recently in refer ence to the interesting volume under consideration, to the effect that in all likelihood Dr. Yvan's share in the undertaking has been the composition of the general narrative, while that of M. Callery has been restricted to the translation of the various Chinese documents introduced. Otherwise, than by some such supposition, we should be left in total uncertainty as to which portions of the ac count here given emanated respectively from the hands of these amiable and lettered wanderers. Let us suppose that they have contributed equally to the general description, and we must admit, in regard to their styles, that the faces of the two Dro mios did not bear to each other a more striking verisimilitude. It may be observed at once that the effusion before us is not, as might rather rea sonably have been thought at the first superficial glance, simply an ingenious specimen of book making—what is called, in the cant phrase, catchpenny. a mere The facts recounted in the strange tale here t o ld b y MM. Yvan and Callery bear with them the proofs of their own indisputable authen ticity. What is also worthy of particular observa tion, is the circumstance that the writers begin with the beginning. Conscious that, for the most part with the majority of Europeans, China is, in truth, a terra incognita, they prepare the mind of the reader for the due appreciation of the sequel by the lucidity and detail which are the principal charac teristics of the introduction. These merits of the original have been carefully retained in the English version thanks to the care and industry revealed f roth first to last by Mr. Oxenford in his twofold capacity as editor and translator. Moreover, it is especially observable that the work, as here pre sented to the public of Great Britain, is enhanced in value by the addition of an eighteenth chapter, bringing down events to the period referred to by the latest overland intelligence. Supplementary information is likewise given in a " Postscript, ' comprising the narrative of Mr. Taylor, and re counting the proceedings of the insurgents at Amoy, Nankin, and Chin-kiang-foo. As introductory to the history of the Chinese I nsurrection, we are reminded by the authors of the work under review of the course of events since the bi r th , in 1780, of the second son of Kia-king, the late Emperor " Brilliant Reason," or Tao kouang. His romantic defeat of the eunuch Lin king is the incident which first rouses the attention of the reader, and renders him, naturally enough, curious as to the changes of the political tide in the Celestial Empire, as thereupon rapidly and succinctly indicated. The genius of the young Prince gave him a larger advantage than that re sulting from primogeniture, in testimony of which Tao-kouang in 1820 ascended the imperial throne. During his reign occurred the war with England, as during the reign of his son and successor has oc curred the revolt in the province of Kouang-Si— " the two most important events chronicled in the annals of China during the last quarter of a cen tury," according to MM. Yvan and Gallery's just and forcible declaration. Before recounting the rise and progress of the latter event, our authors, reasonably enough, deem it expedient to explain in a few words the came and the course of the for mer struggle, a struggle which may be attributed in a great measure to the rise of those astonishing hopes out of which has emerged the still pending Revolution. First, therefore, in reference to the war between the English and the Chinese. It was a war every body knows about opium. Until 1834, the East India Company enjoyed the monopoly of the British trade in that and other commodities. In that year, however, on the expiration of the Company's chir ter, these exclusive privileges were denied to them by the British Government. All English mer chants, consequently, after 1834, had an equal right to trade with the Chinese. Subsequently— several years afterwards—the Emperor Tao-kouang determined to put a stop if possible to a custom which had then been developing itself during about a hun dred years throughout his dominions. He resolved to put an end to the accursed habit of opium-smoking —and for this purpose his Celestial Majesty issued a decree prohibiting the sale of the forbidden drug in . every part of his en ormous t err it or i es . Th e pro j ec t i n itself was of course admirably humane—but it was none the less atrocious on that account in the man ner chosen for its development. The celebrated mandarin Lin was the man selected by Tao-kouang to carry out at Canton his designs against the illicit traffic of the opium smugglers. " Lin was then about fifty years of age ; he wore the red ball, and the peacock's feather with two eyes ;" in other terms, he was a personage invested with the in signia of the highest dignities, and having a most imposing appearance. Speedily enough the objects of the enmity of Lin found that in him they had decidedly " caught a Tartar." Here is testimony: " One night the hongs, or factories in which the foreigners resided, were surrounded by troops ; and the English, American, and Parsee merchants, learned, when they awoke, that they were Lin's prisoners, and that the viceroy of the two Kouangs allowed them three days to give up all the opium they had on board the receiving ships ;' in default whereof, they were to be treated according to the utmost rigour of the new law, . in other words, were to lose their heads." Thereupon the prisoners wrote to Captain Elliot, commander of the naval forces of England in those waters. Captain Elliot was then at Macao. He hastened to the relief of his countrymen. He ad vised them to accede to the demand of the man darins, telling them at the same time, that he pur chased the opium which had been jeopardised (amounting to 20,000 chests, representing a value of 2,000,0001.) in the name of her Britannic Ma jesty's Government, and declaring, moreover, that he would make a political question out of a com mercial difficulty. Captain Elliot then required Lin at once to withdraw his troops from the bongs or factories, and to release the whole of the subjects of the Queen of England. With these requests, however, the mandarin refused compliance. Now let our authors relate the sequel themselves : " As Capt a i n Elli o t h a d no t sufficient force to resist the Chinese troops, he gave up the prohibited article. Lin caused large pits to be dug, and the opium, covered with quick-lime, was buried in the island of Lin-tin, in the p resence of? witnesses ; after which operation, the for eign merchants detained at Canton were set at liberty. " However, the day of retribution was at hand. In .I,Bbort time a British fleet sailed up the river of Canton, ;ratling the forts, and threatening the banks on each o : e a ti a in cl a to b ok a strong position on the northern coasts p • Tchousan n) . hen lelvs of these e o v e e c n u ts yl w n s g s received at (Chusa Pekin, • Lin W was Inittediately recalled, and Ki-chan, a mem b er o f t h e i m hi family, was appointed by the Emperor to succeed a jl- ci i - than was an intelligent and resolute man. e saw at once w i t h w h at sort o f enem i es h e h a d t o bee and the danger to which the Government had his exposed by the imprudence and presumption of yredecessor. As a skilful diplomatist he did not I .,' e Tate to accept the ultimatum laid down by the bar ;nano ;' that is 'to say, he avoided a disastrous war by accepting hard conditions, such as a heavy indemnity Paid to the English, the cession of Hong Kong, and so forth. However, when the treaty was submitted to the .11113eror for sanction, the Son of Heaven' rejected „ Lt ith indignation. Ki-chan was ignominiously called, and underwent the greatest indignity that had e ver been inflicted on any high functionary under the rei g n , of Tao-kouang. He was publicly degraded, his “1 - was confiscated, his concubines were sold, his .„Tiu s e was razed to the ground, and, to complete his E ta f ; rt reys e it nf u s g , he was exiled to the remotest part of particulars in relation to the great en J -hi 133an r, i ' a rm, lii-than, may be found in the " Voyage bet" of MM. Hue and Gabet, as here inti- Proceed . —_ mated bY MM. Yvan and Callery. However, to tchb: t4reallUttyli whi ch m andar in named Y-chan succeeded Ki-chan in e gover nment of C an t on , and brought back with him his predecessor had concluded, torn. the re i ities were renewed at once. Every one knows hai exult of the English expedition. Ning-po, Chang °f ih e e - 0 " °11- san, Ting-hai, fell successively into the hands at 1V who at last compelled the Chinese to sign th e , a treaty, by which they ceded Hong Kong to northrrbarians ;' opened to them four new ports on the ti eu or r „, coast of the empire, granted them the occupa thenisei've_heu-san for five years ; and, , moreover, bound Mme Pay to ...a— -y a heavy indemnity.' fame 'eer this is the description given of the a hia,sussela,,,,r between. China and England, not by Conse au p„"tliess, but by impartial Frenchmen. the s t iu l lpon the success of Great Britain in struggle the appeared, prestige of the Tartar dynasty dig ".ll.:aLtil.9ea its 4-Lence' to a considerable extent, the ,43 ! th e daring conspiracy which ultimately Magnitude in the revolt in theKouang . e nd. the rapid conquest of half the Chinese em- Pl e r n , and this in two years by a band of insurgent ad t_urters. It was on the morning of the 26th of Feb. -(_ ,1 465.0_ that the old Emperor, Tao-Kouang, expired, tha from that may be dated by us, though not by °12i11940 8 the UCCIVAPII to the throne of China TILE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 5, 1853. origin, rise, power, and exile of the celebrated favourite of Peter the Great, the first Prince Menschikoff, the ancestor of the haughty noble, lately Russian Plenipotentiary at Constantinople. Here is M. Le Due's description of the personal aspect of the present SHARE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.) BRITISH RAILWAYS. IZ A iLWATB• Closing Fried this day. Basin ess done this day. .1 Paid] Closing Pilots this day. Dasiness this day. of . his fourth son Se-go-ko, the present Emperor Then-foung—a title signifying " Complete Abun dance." The change of monarchs, nevertheless, brought about no improvement in policy. After hesitating as to which side should be ctosen—that of the reactionaries or of the men of enlightment, Hien-foung espoused the cause of the former, to wards the close of the year of his accession— namely, on the 21st of November. And, observe MM. Yvan and Callery—" shortly after the victory of the reactionary party, the first intelligence of the revolt of the Kouang-si was received." If nothing else—at least a surprising coincidence. Prophecy, it seems, had prepared the way for in surrection. According to a prediction long popu lar, the ancient dynasty of Ming in the 48th year of the present cycle, which began in 1851, was to celebrate its restoration. Scarcely was the revolt in the Kouang-si heard of when the Chinese Sovereign was alarmed by the apparition of an ex traordinary antagonist--Tien-te, the leader of the Revolutionists. These two opponents are described by MM. Yvan and Callery at an early portion of their narrative. Here is their sketch of THE CELESTIAL STRIPLING. " The Emperor Hihn-foung is only twenty-two years of age. He is of a middle height, and his form indicatei great aptitude for bodily exercises. He is slender and muscular. His face, which indicates a certain degree of resolution, is chiefly characterised by a very high fore head, and by an almost defective obliquity of the eyes. His cheek bones are very prominent, and strongly marked. The space between the eyes is large and flat, like the forehead of a buffalo. Hien-foung is of a stub born and credulous disposition. In the midst of the most effeminate luxury he affects severity of morals, and, notwithstanding his youth, he is already married. The Empress is a Tartar princess, withlarge feet, totally devoid of that delicacy and fragile gracefulness which belong to the small-footed Chinese women. The Em peror loves to see her perform the violent exercises which are the delight of the women of her nation, and she often gallops about with him in the extensive gar denslof the palace." Here, again, is the outline of , THE SHADOWY DEMAGOGUE. " Tien-te, the chief of the insurrection, is not above twenty-three years of age ; but study and want of rest have made him prematurely old. He is grave and me lancholy, leads a very retired life, and only communi cates with those about him when he gives his orders. His face is expressive of mildness, but it is a mildness peculiar to certain ascetics, and which neither excludes firmness nor that obstinacy belonging to persons of strong religious convictions. His complexion, which borders on the colour of saffron, is that of the Chinese of the southern provinces. In stature he is taller than Hien-foung, but he appears less robust." Shadowy we have termed the supposed leader of the insurrection—for it is already tolerably well ascertained that Tien-te (a name meaning Celestial Virtue), if ever living, is no longer in existence, and that in all probability time will prove him to be nothing more substantial than a creation of the imagination. And yet Tien-te is described here as we have observed : and his engraved effigy figures in the volume before us as its frontispiece ! The pro vince of the Kouang-si—producing little more than the badiana and the white cinnamon—appears to have been adroitly selected as the starting point of the revolution—adroitly, because of its barren and mountainous character, and the daring and hardi hood of its population. A geological discovery in the Kouang-si aided considerably in forwarding the cause of the insurgents—being regarded as nothing short of a miracle by the ignorant multitude. It was an episode in the civil war of the Chinese, appropriate, as occuring at the precise time of the discovery of the gold diggings in California and Australia. The subjoined passage recounts the nature of this propitious circumstance : " At the beginning of the insurrection, the chiefs wished to mark the date of their enterprise, by the erec tion of a religious monument. The workmen set about their task, and they hollowed out some of the decom posed rocks, which offered no strong resistance to the pick-axe. They had not descended many to the flints anyfeet, de when they came to some pebbles, very similar posited by our rivers. These pebbles, being examined with care, were found to be very heavy ; they were, in fact, lumps of argentiferous lead, of surprising richness. It was by means, they say, of this providential treasure the Pretender paid his first soldiers." August, 1850, was the month in which the Pekin journals first mentioned the Chinese insurrection. It was not long, however, before the warlike in habitants of the Kouang-si, a curious race of abo riginals, known as Miag-tze, drew the attention of the imperial Government upon the progress made in those quarters by the armed revolutionists. Ho was the first town that fell into their possession. Siu, the Governor-General of the two Kouangs, was the first official personage of any importance startled by the revolt into unwonted activity and vigilance. Shortly after news of the rising reached Pekin, poor old Lin, the hero of the opium-war with England, was ordered by his imperial master to rouse him self from his luxurious retirement in the neighbour hood of Fou-tcheou, and to subdue the army of insur gents. Easier said than done, as it has since then appeared. Lin was only disturbed to hasten his dissolution. While proceeding to his post at Tchao tcheou-fou, in the province of the Kouang-si, the old mandarin, aged sixty-nine years, expired. His death was regarded as a bad augury by the Im perial Government. Subsequently an unsuccessful attempt was made at the Emperor's assassination. Meantime the revolt spread, and to lend additional probability to the fancied existence of Tien-te— sapeques (called in the Chinese language tsien), the current coin of the realm, we re i ssue d by the insur gents—sapeques bearing upon them the name of the Pretender. After the first onset, the revolu tionary cause prospered wonderfully—the rout 'of the Imperial tigers iu the district of Young-Gan leading rapidly to the storm and capture by the rebels of Ping-Lo, Houen-Mon, and Young-Gan- Tcheou. Ever since then the cause of the Ming dynasty has been rising, while that of the Mantchou or Tartar dynasty has been falling proportionately. The throne of the Emperor Hien-foung has been undermined in fact by what our authors admirably. designate " those intellectual laboratories of de clining states—secret societies, or clandestine asso ciations." Of the Christian element of this extraor dinary rising among the Chinese we have all of us in this country long ago become cognisant. It is not, however, generally known that the originator of the movement in this particular is said to be a con vert of the last secretary interpreter of Hong Kong, the Rev. Dr. Gutzlaff, a Protestant missionary. Dr. Gutzlaff, it seems, travelled over China in a twofold capacity—selling cloth and distributing tracts— carrying in one hand the Bible, and in the other a yard measure. The results of his wander ings are too remarkable altogether not to render his name one of interest to every intelligent ob server of this vast Asiatic revolution. Here is our authors' sketch of the man through whose agency a considerable portion of the believers in Bhuddism have been converted to a mongrel kind of Chris tianity : " M. Gutzlaff had the art of inspiring the Chinese people with the greatest confidence. He was of a middle stature, and tolerably stout ; his prominent eyes sparkled beneath thick lashes, which were overshadowed by long black and bushy eye-brows. His face, with features the reverse of angular, and its light olive com plexion, seemed to belong to that variety of the human race which we call the Mongol. In his Chinese dress he was so exactly like a native that he could have gone through the streets of the walled city of Canton without being recognised." It yet remains to be seen, however, whether the Chinese Christians are veritable Chang-ti, that is to say, Protestants. Whatever their religious sen timents, there can be no longer any doubt that their political successes have been multiplied trium phantly. So marvellous have been the changes effected by the insurgent followers of Tae-ping wang, that we cannot be sufficiently thankful for the light thrown by MM. Yvan and Gallery upon an otherwise obscure portion of contemporary his tory. Their original narrative, moreover, has been enhanced in value by the skill and industry of the translator—Mr. Oxenford having supplied the English reader with an additional store of really valuable, because manifestly authentic, information. The Russian Question ; or, the Crisis in the East. Translated from the French of Leouzon Le Duo, by J. H. Urquhart. Clarke, Bee n, and Co. Another timely contribution to our political literature. At this particular juncture we would most earnestly commend the argument of M. Leouzon Le Duo to the perusal of our intelligent population. It reveals in the clearest light the atrocity and daring of the sinister designs of the Russian Autocrat. With this end in view it sets out with a startling exposition of the real character of Prince Menschikoff, the late Envoy Extraordi nary from the councils of St. Petersburg to those of Constantinople. M. Leouzon Le Duo is a writer we may observe, eminently qualified to enter into this momentous discussion. His position as Charge de Mission to the Courts of Russia and Finland has given him the advantage of personal experience' He writes, therefore, not from hearsay, but frc m observation. In the English version of his work here before us, the author has obtained the benefit of a careful and precise translator. Justice has been done to the lucidity of the original essay by Mr. Urquhart's exact knowledge of the idiomatic peculiarities of the French language. Consequently, the work here published at an astonishingly cheap rate may be read by the most fastidious with satis faction—as well as by the most informed with a tolerable certainty of enlightenment. The little volume is divided into four portions—the first being a description of Prince Menschikoff ; the second illustrative of the character of the Greek Church ; the third explanatory of the actual position or Russia with regard to the Great Powers of Europe ; and the fourth (an Appendix), comprising a most romantic and enthralling account of the PRINCE MENSCHIKOFF. " This great-grandson of Peter the Great's favourite is about seventy years of age, of middle stature, has close cut, milk-white hair, a high, open forehead, sharply defined features, and a bright, sparkling eye. His gait is haughtly but slightly limping, from a wound that he received in a singular manner at the siege of Varna, in 1828. It is affirmed that one evening, having given some orders that he wished to see implicitely obeyed, he strolled through the camp ; and as he was leisurely re turning to his quarters, he stopped and remained with his legs wide apart whilst he enjoyed a pinch of snuff. guddenly the report of a heavy gun was heard, and the Prince fell headlong to the ground ; but, on being taken up, it was found that a cannon ball had passed between his legs, and wounded him severely in one thigh." The following are the titles of this singular per sonage, precisely as they are given in the archives of the appanage of Finland "Prince of the Empire, Governor-General of Finland, Aide-de-camp, General, Admiral, Member of the Impe rial Council, Commandant of the Regiment of Ingria, Chief of the Naval Staff, Commander-in-Chief of all the Troops in Finland, Knight of the Imperial Order of Saint Andrew, with the diamond jewels, Knight of the Order of Saint Alexander Newsky, also in diamonds— of Saint Vladimir of the first class, of Saint Anne of the first diamond class, of Saint George of the third class, Saint Stanislaus of the first class, of the Prussian Orders of the Black Eagle, the Red Eagle, and of Merit, the Order of Saint Leopold of Austria, of the Swedish Order of the Seraphim, Grand Cross Commander of the Order of the Sword, of the Royal Order of Saint Louis of France, of Saint Hubert of Bavaria, of the Royal Greek Order of the Holy Saviour, of Saint Maurice and Saint Lazarus of Sardinia, of the Lion of Baden of the first class, of the Military Order of Hesse Cassel—and wear ing a sword bearing the inscription, For bravery,' and several medals for action in the campaigns of 1812 and 1814, and for services against the Persians and the Turks." At this critical time it may be interesting to our readers to glance at the subjoined account of the Russian Ministry of Marine—a Ministry answer ing to what we call in England the Board of Ad miralty. In Russia it consists of the following officials : "First, a Minister-in-Chief, with eight ordinary and six extraordiary aides-de-camp ; secondly, the Board of Admiralty, forming the councillors and advisers of the Minister ; thirdly, resident and visiting directors ; fourthly, a general staff of clerks and other officers ; fifthly, the hydrographers ; sixthly, the Inspector-Gene ral of the Fleets and his subordinates ; seventhly, the Board of Marine Ordnance, and the inspectors of the imperial woods and forests, charged with the selection of timber for naval purposes ; eighthly, the Victualling Department ; ninthly, the Auditor-General's Depart ment ; tenthly, the Medical Staff ; eleventh, the two scientific bodies, one for the construction of buildings on the sea shore, and the other to superintend the building of ships of war ; twelfth, the naval engineers ; and thir teenth, the Board of Economy, having the principal care of the fleet in the Black Sea." Talking of another of the Ministerial departments in the dominions of the Autocrat, that of the Cen sorship of the Press, M. Leouzon Le Due observes "The words Liberty and Freedom, with all the adjec tives and adverbs derived therefrom, are prescribed and expunged from the Russian vocabulary ; and the fol lowing ludicrous anecdote will show the manner in which the censors act upon this prescription. Some time since, a professor of mathematics sent in the manuscript of a work on mechanics for the inspection of the board, soliciting permission to publish it. Now, it happened that in describing the action of some mechanical appara tus, the author stated that the wheels, springs, &c., worked freely; and further on he wrote that a straight line could be elongated into infinite space without the slightest limit; whereupon the censors struck out both words—the first without any comment, the second on the ground that the Russian Emperor's authority was the only thing without limit in this world." Of this, of course, we may believe just as much as we please. And we may likewise read cum grano salis, the next paragraph : "One man, indeed, determining to be on the safe side, and avoid being reprimanded from high quarters, deter mined not to suffer any new work to be published. It is affirmed that, when he was asked whether the Lord's Prayer would receive the favourable consideration of his tribu nal, he replied, I cannot precisely say just now ; there are some words that must be looked into—possibly the publication of them may be dangerous. 'Give us this day our daily bread' savours singularly of Socialism ; and the words, `Thy kingdom come' may be construed into meaning that the subjects are not content with that of the good emperor with whom they are blessed." The description of the Russo-Greek Church, as here given, is something absolutely deplorable—that Church being shown to be the veriest travestie upon Christianity. Upon this head, M. Leouzon Le Duc takes occasion to remark "The onward march of the Protestant and Roman Catholio Churches has been characterised by the most extended civilisation, by the emancipation of thought, and the amelioration of the political and social condition of communities, because there is a vivifying principle within them ; but the Russian Church is virtually a dead letter, for all is dark and cold within it ; its cere monies are marked by numerous prostrations, genu flexions, and other external signs but by nothing that springs from a high order of intelligence. In fact, the Russian Church may serve as a useful lever to promote the objects of despotic power, but it can never be a useful instrument wherewith to advance the liberties, the hap piness, and welfare of mankind." The chapter relating to the position of Russia, with regard to the Great Powers, is really masterly, and will repay a very careful examination. As to the Appendix relating to the First Prince Menschikoff, it reads like a romance, and might vie in interest with an effusion of the most ingenious and skilful of novelists. INcREABE IN THE PRICE OF GAS.—Meetings of the gas companies, it is understood, have been held, with the view of increasing the price of gas, consequent on the increased price of coals and the strikes of colliers in the north. PRAYER FOR THE CONVERSION OF ENGLAND.—The Romish clergy on the Continent are very busy in their attempts pepery. ptorayceornsvfeorrt th t i h s is pu co rp u o n s t e ry ha t v o e tbheeenblperssinintegds in all languages, and the following is a translation of one published at Pesth, in German. The original is in the form of a small hand-bill, ornamented with a picture of the Virgin Mary, who is represented standing upon a serpent, crowned with glory, and with rays of light streaming from all her fingers :—" Almighty and ever lasting God, who halt ordained in thine unfathomable wisdom that men shall only be happy by means of the true faith, look down in pity upon England, once the island of the blessed, but which for a long while past, being caught in the errors of heresy, has fallen from the true belief, drive away from it all the ignorance, and de stroy the vain, dark, false teaching which keeps it from the knowledge of truth. Incline all their hearts to listen with pleasure to the trus faith, so that they may joy fully return to the bosom o f Hol y Mother Chur ch, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for England. Holy Peter and Paul, pray for England. Holy George, England's Chain pion, pray for this land. Holy Thomas, wy E fnogurl camed s of Canterbury, ? pra pray for this land. Holy Pope Gregory, Father bless thin g e - A o E u n p t g o e l s a f t n l B e d , Eng land. Oh, Lord, make thy peop le ha ppy n p g pr l ra a a3 n ry d ffoo a rr n tth a hi p ias o land.slt a l n e d to the Germans,llyy Augustin,B °n7i a d with his precious blood, who, Son has ransomed reigneth for ever. heritage ; let not their souls p eri s h, which thy tnybelov . e th d thee and the Holy Ghost, liveth and Amen." —LastSIIR EwHeAeISIkPMTOrN.P—oSwIeNr7oLfABBriAsNtoDI, FwAitThArianAutcheurrDENT. gen tleman, went down to Shirehampton to dine with a f in riend fre , n when t efth th e e eto h p ou h s a ew n iti i i n t w h h e ic s h they drove haftsturne d wasup, left the horse having been taken off. The carriage having at tracted the attention of a child between two and three years old, the son of Mr. Heaven, mason, of that place, the little fellow proceeded unobserved to play with it, when by some means he drew down the shafts, when the semi-circular iron which attaches them together, near the carriage, wheeling round, caught the child by the neck as if in a mousetrap, between it and theforecar riage. Here the little fellow was suspended, and actually strangled to death before he was discovered. No blame can be attached to any one, as no one could apprehend such an accident.—Bristol Paper. DEATH OF LIEUT. J. DII CANE.—It is our painful duty, says the Essex Herald, to have to record the loss, at sea, of Lieut. John Du Cane, of the 60th Royal Rifles, third son of the late Capt. Du Cane, R.N., and brother to Charles Du Cane, Esq., of Braxted Park, in this county. Lieut. Du Cane sailed from East London for Capo Town, on the 22nd of June last, in a small vessel called the Espiegle, with the intention of taking his pas sage from Cape Town to England. The Espiegle has never since been heard of, and is supposed to have been lost with all hands on board in a tremenduous gale that she encountered shortly after leaving East London. Lieut. Du Cane was in his 25th year and a young officer of great promise, having been mentioned in terms of the highest praise in the last dispatch of Sir Harry Smith, for his gallantry in the action fought against the Kafirs in the Waterkloof immediately before the return of that General to England. FATAL ACCIDENT ON A RAILWAY. —On Monday an in quest was held at Manchester, before Mr. Herford, the coroner for that city, on the body of Ann Davis, aged 61, wife of a labourer in a chemical work. The deceased was travelling in a third-class carriage of the train which loft Crewe for Manchester at 7.48 p.m. on Saturday evening, and when the train reached the Longsight sta tion, about two miles from the Manchester terminus, she opened the door of the carriage, and attempted to get out before the train had come to a stand. The guard had just seen that all the carriage doors were fast, when he heard a scream, and saw the deceased lying under the centre of his van, where she had fallen in attempting to descend. She was disengaged from this perilous po sition, when it was found that both her legs had been cut off at the thigh by the wheels of the van, and she died in the course of a few minutes. One of her fellow passengers had told her when she rose from her seat that the guard would open the door, and deceased replied that she knew that, and then opened it herself, The jury found that her death was accidental. PREFERENCE SHARES. St. 100 lAherd.o ..• -86 A St. 109 `Do., No. 2, 7 p. c _ - St 100 Ex. 4p. . - 20 5 Do. 4p. c. Shares St. 100 Caledonian £lO 98 102 x d 15 all (Chester & Holyhead Guar. 54 per cent 164 --174 16i 61 61 Cork &Bandon 54 p. c 61 all Dundee Perth&Aber deen Junction. 6 64 31 all EastA ngliau (£3los) 6 per cent 34 4 5 all Do. (25) 7 per cent 44 -- 5 7-, 7 , 2 jDo. (£7l7s) 7p. et 1 p 6t all 'Eastern Counties Ex tension, sp. c. No.l 1 —14 p 6i all Do., No. 10 all Do., New 6p. c. Si- 13 14 13A 20 all Eastern Union, Scrip Guar. 6 per cent 18 19 St. 100 EastLaneash. 6 p.cts. 5 all Edinb.Prth.&Dundee 51 per cent 3 3a St. 100 Glasgow & S.Western guar. 5 per cent. St. 100 Great Northr 5 p.c. 117 120 St. 100 Do. sp. c.,Redeem., at 10 p. c. prom 108 110 108 10 64 all Gt. Southn. &Westn. (Ireland) Eighths 8 84 50 6 Gt. Westn. (Berks & Hants Ex. sp. c.) 64 7 St. 100 G. West. fixed 4 p c 99 101 16 6 Lan. & York. F. I:20, Ad par St. 100 Do., 6p. c., Stock l4O 142 St. 100 London and:Brighton Guaranteed 5 p. c — St. 100 Do. Pref., sp. c. St ... 50 all Do. Convertible, 5 p c., 1852.. . .. ••• St. 100 Do. New Gua r . 6 p.c. ... -- 50 5 London & S.Western, Con. Thirds.... . 124 124 Londonderry& Cofer Shares . 124 all Londy. & Ennis. 4 124 131 25 all Manch.,Shef., & 1 Shares, No. 6 7 10 all Do. Now, 210 9 - 10 6 3 Do., 26 . par P 121! all Marypt.& . Cari. 4p. c — 121 all Do. 44 per cent. — ••• P • ' 104 Do.. St. 100 Mid.Consol. 6 p.c. St. ... St. 100 Do. Consol. Bristol & Birm. 6 per cent.... 138 142 164 5 Do. Pref. 44 p er ce n t. id 44 St. 100 Norfolk Extension... ... —• • • St. 100 Do. Pref. 54 per et — • 4 4 St. 100 Do. Way. Val. 5p c ••• St. 100 North British lO2 104 102 20 all North Staffordshire 23 25 St. 100 Oxford Worcester & Wolverh. £15,0p. c. —101 a 15 15 Do — 4 • p 8 all Shrews& Birm. N. G lO 11 10 all Shrewshy. & Chester (Nor.W.Min),B p. c. 16 —l7 p x d 10 10 Do. 5 per cent 9 - 25 all South Devon 10 14 b Do. New Par P 1.0.6 all S. Eastern (Readino. Ann.,) of £1 05.6c1. 24 244 20 all S.Yorksh.4p.c.Gnar. 19 20 5 3 Waterfd. &Kilk.6p. e. ...d 2R St. 100 York Newcastle and Berwick,4 p.c.Pref• 96 99 17 SDo 44 4i 25 10 York& N. Midland H &S. Purch ld d9i FOREIGN. 10 5 Antwrp &Rotterdam 24 5 3 Belgian East. Janet. 11 20 all ,Charleroi & Erquelin 20 10 Dijon and Besagon # _- lip 20 8 ,Dutch Rhenish - 2id 20 all East Indian 24 3,p 221 20 2 Do. Extension — p 2 5 all ,Gt. Indian Peninsul a lip 6 20 10 Junct. of France 1a Zip 202) 20 Gt. Westn. of Canada Shares 2 ld 5 3 Lucca and Pistoja, 5 per cent. pref. - id 20 15 Luexembourg, si —6/ 10 10 'Do. (Railway) 34. 4 33 5 2 'Do 5 3 ( Do. (Canal) 1 -- 10 5 I Do • •6 p cent. pref. 1 d 20 12 ; Lyons & Mediterran. 20 10iMadras 1 P 33A 29 (Maria Antonia 10 1.0 !Do. New — 20 all ;Namur & Liege (with interest 63 7 20 all iDo. (cx interest) — •• • 16 all Northern of France 324 331 321 20 all Do. 201. 3p. c. Bds [fmy.B.&Ams.Shs.] - 10 all ;NorwegianTrnk Prof 7 20 10 Paris and Lyons l5 -- 15ip 24/ 20 all ;Paris and Orleans 46 —4B 20 all Paris and Rouen 39 41 20 all Paris and Strasbourg 36 361 36 20 4 !ParisCaen&Cherbrg. 2 4 p 10.1 10i 'Quebec & Richmond d 20 all Rouen and Havre 20 all ; Sambre and Mouse— 8 74 5 10 6 jDo. 5A per cent. pref. 20 6 :Southern of France 2 4 p 20 2s. ; Upper India Scrip 83 all West Flanders 3 20 10 5 per c. Pref, ...d 10 10 Western of France 7. --- 20 4 'West. of Switzerland / id 10 12 Neyr&414104.. MARKRT NEWS-(THIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE. Owing to the warlike news from Turkey, the market for English wheat was decidedly firmer to-day. Holders were very firm, and, in some instances, prices advanced is to 2s per quarter. The supply on offer was very limited. The amount of business doing in foreign wheat was by no means extensive, yet the quotations were from is to 2s higher than last week. Floating cargoes were held for more money. We had a fair inquiry for barley and malt, at extreme quotations. We had an improved sale for oats, at 61 per quarter more money. Beans, peas, and flour were the turn higher. English .. Irish .... Foreign .. ARRIVALS THIS WREN. Wheat. 1 I Barley. Malt. 1,640 1,790 B4O 1,380 I 1,500 Oath. 30 Flour. 1,850 1,5 " 50 1 6,1-801z1 WHITECHAPEL. Only a moderato business was doing to-day, as follows : Beef from 3s 2d to 4s ; mutton, 3s 84.1 to 4s 10d ; veal, 35 10d. to 5s Od. ; pork, 3s 10d to 5s Od per 81bs by the carcase. BOROUGH HOP. Our market is excited, and prices are still on the ad vance. Duty, 135,0001. to 140,0001. LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY.) LONDON, Oct. s.—Wind this day at Noon, S.W. ; light airs, and dull, hazy weather, with drizzling rain at times. DOVER, Oct. 4.—The Corsairs Bride, from London to Ceylon, ashore on the Newcombe Sand, has been got off and into harbour, with 8 feet water in her hold, after wards grounded in the outer harbour, has commenced dis charging her cargo. FOLKESTONE, Oct. s,—The Santipore, from London to Hobart Town, is ashore on the rocks here, and likely to go to pieces ; passengers landed. DEAL, Oct. 4.—The Ealing Grove, from London to Algoa Bay, grounded on the Deal Bank, but is not much damaged. BRIDGEWATER, Oct. 3.—Arrived—Ada and Marinios, Quebec. PORTSMOUTH, Oct. 4.—Wind, S.W. to W.S.W. Ar rived—Tubal Cain and Marie Leoadie, London, and both sailed for Melbourne ; • H.M.S. President, Chatham ; Polo naise, Dundee , for Melbourne. COWES, Oct. 4.—Arrived—Gezina, Galatz, for Fal mouth ; cargo reported to be heated. FALmount, Oct. 4.—Wind, W.S.W., strong. Bahiana, Bahia ; Flora Labrador ; Jamaica, Bahia. SHIELDS, Oct. 3.—Sailed—William Patten Madras. SUNDERLAND, Oct. 2.—Sailed—Queen of La, Rangoon. DOUGLAS (Isle of Man), Oct. 2.—Arrived—Briton, Singapore, for Clyde. PORTLAND ROADS, Oct. 3.—Sailed—Phoenix, Geelong; BRIDLINGTON BAY, Oct. 3.—Arrived—Horondo, Que bec, for Stockton. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) LIVERPOOL, Wednesday, 10.45 a.m. Wind, S.—Arrived—Sarah Ellen, from Parsborougb, N.S. ; and Phoebe, from Constantinople. Sailed—The Centurion, J.A.Vir es t e rvelt, and Columbia , for New York. QUEENSTOWN, Wednesd a y , 10.30 a.m. Wind, S.W.—Arrived — Nico l, from Galati. Off Port—Naremissac, from Now York ; and Eliza, Monte Video. (BY SUBMARINE AND EUROPEAN TELEGRAPH.) DEAL, Wednesday, 9.44 a.m. Wind, S.W., blowing strong.—American ship St. Louis, from London, for New York, lost an anchor and chain, beingan A d i ) p s r ue o tn c et e h e f : r i ho e midp hence.tname a ,31n.arugna unknown, e n o ß w, o n ad il s fdr . Other Leountp:lflicooerwspaaorrraet. ip p Philip, od struckfrom an u e p h o o n r main c last ngs3 Bev P era ut l ot ß li ec ro k— . Camilla, Lady Nugent, Al exaucler, and !Aberdeen . Ambg. Nottng. Bost. & Eastn. June. Birmng. Wolverh. & Stour Valley Birkenhd. Lancsh. Cheshire Junct Do. Chesh. & Birk., £5O & £25 Cons Do., £20. .. Bristol & Exeter Caledonian. Chester & Holyhead Cork and Bandon.... Cork, Black. & Pass. Dublin&BelfastJune. Dundee Perth &Aber deen Junction ....... East Anglian (£25 L. & E. & L. & D.) Do., (XIS E. &ITO Eastern Counties Eastern Union, Class A. late E. U. Sh Do., d 0........... Do., B. & East Lancashire ...... East & West Ind. Dk. & Binning. June.... Ed inburgh& Glasgow Edinb. and Peebles... Edinb.Prth.&Dundee, Glasgow & S. Western Great Northern Stk.. Do., A. Stock ..,... Do., B. Stock Gt. Sth. &West. (Ire.) Great Western........ Irish South-Easters. Lancaster & Carlisle.. Do. , Thirds.... ....... . Lancash. &Yorkshire Do., Fifths ....... Do., Wst. Riding Un. Leeds Northern ..... Liv. Crsby.&Sontbpt London & Blaekwall Lond. Tilb. & Sthend. Lond.Bright.&S.Cst. London & N. Western Do. Fifths Do. ,16/.5h.,M&8...0 London & S. Western Do., £40...... Ludndrry.&Coleraine Lndndrry. & Ennisk. Manch.Shef. &Lincln. Do., Man. &Lin. Un. Midland Do. Binning. & Derby Midland G.West.(lr.) Do. Shares Newcastle & Carlisle Newmarket Do. Bury Extensions Newpt.Aberg.&Htfd Newry & Enniskillen Newry Warrenpoint & Rostrevor Norfolk.... Do., New... ...... Northn. Counties Un North British ... North Devon, No.l 'Do., No. 2...•••••••••• Dc., A Deferred Do., B Guaranteed North Staffordshire North Western N. & S. Westrn. June Oxford Worcester & Wolverhampton Scottish Central Scottish Midland Shrewsbury & Birmg Do., L. & N. Westn Guaranteed Stock Shrewsby. & Herold Shrewsby. & Chester (Nor. W. Min.) Do. Halves, do Do. Oswestry Shropshire Union South Devon South Eastern.., South Wales...., IS. Yorksh. River Duni Do.. Stockton & Hartlepl. Thames Haven Dock and Railway Vale of Neath Waterfd. & Kilkenny Waterford&Limeriek West C0rnwa11........, Wmbledon&Croydob Woodford YorkNewctl.&Berw Do. Extensions Do. G.N.E. Purchase York & N. Midland 20 -- 21 4i - 4i 81 - 91 12 10 d 16 18 5 4d 91 —93 49 —5O 15 —l7 44 . - , i(; 7i - 8. 4f - 4i 3 36 11-ki 36 - 40 27 - 29 60 - 62 ili :: 5 1Y - ii 73 - 74 47 - 49 121 - 123 1103 - 105 1 79 - 80 85 - 90 10 -12 p 61i - 62 76 - 56 - 12t -12 i 713 par 1 p 92 96 , 102 A —lO3 75i a 76i 13 12 d 12 11 d 18 20 d 58j 59 33 35 52 - 55 - P 4 - 41' so 4 3 d l 25a8-10 26i li 2 7 7i 64• 6d 7 4' 71 par 2 p 37 - 39 85 - 87 55 -1 57 63 - 66 60 65 2i 2dis 16 18 8 9 12 13 4 3id 15 17 58 59 33i —34 i 3 - 4 28 - 30 2fi - 3i 14 , 15 •.. - 9 8 - ~. 61. - 62 9i - 9 4 - 3i4 .45 - 46 LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS. RAILWAYS. Leasing Buckghamsh. Clydesdale Jc. E.Lincoln. gr. 6 p. cent..... Glstr.&Dn.Fr. Hrtlpl. Dk. & Railway __ Hull & Do. a Shares. Do. I Shares. Lon. & Greenw Do. Preference Lowestoft gr. 4 per cent... Do. 6 per et... Manch.Baton. and Matlock Middlesbro' Redear. .... Midld.Bradfd. Northern 3.11(1 1 Eastern 4. e. Do. 6 per et.. Do. Fixed sp. ei Prest. dt Wyre Do. Shares. Roystn.&Hit. Do.Shepth.St. Shef. Roth. & Goole g. 5. p.c S. Staffordsh WearValleygr 6 per cent Do.. Wilts &Somrstj IL. &N.W Caledon.. Gt.Northn Gt.Westn. Yk. New. do Berw Do Do S. Eastern , po Norfolk Do (k Midld Stckton dt Darliugt. E. Count Do L. & /\ &Lodi Yk Do Gt. Northn Do Itancash.& Yorksh MrMClean Stockt. & Darling Do Gt.Westn. 98 - 102 48 - 50 140 - 145 30 - 32 106 - 108 53 - 54 27 - 28 1 134 - 144 252 -26 i 2t 3 xa e ioo GO - 63 ... xd 138 - 142 138 - 142 i 4: lid 28 - 30 95 - 160 MINES, Agua Fria Anglo Californian 'Australasian 'Australian Australian Cordillera Australian Freehold Ave Maria Badon (Gd. Duchy of) British Austrin. Gold British Iron Brazilianlmp. (issued at £5 pm Do. Cocaes & Cuiada Do. St. John Del Rey Carsons's Creek Cobra Copper Colonial Gold Copiapo Copper MM. of Eng Do. Pref. 7i p. cent English and Austin Copper Smeltg. Co General Great Nugget Vein Great Polgooth. Lake Bathurst Liberty Loud. &Californ. Gold Quartz Crush. Co Mariquita Mexican&S.Americn New Granada Nouveau Mondo Port Philip Quartz Rock Rhymney Iron Do. New Santiago de Cuba.... South Australian.... ITin Croft . United Mexican Waller 'West Graua,cla.., IW est Mariposa.. Yuba.. JOINT-STO' Australasia British Colonial Bank and Loan Company British N. American Chrtd. Bnk.of India, Austral., and China Chrtd. Bnk. of Asia Colonial Commercial of Lond English Scottish and Australian Chrtd London Chrtd. Bnk of Australia London and County's London Joint Stock Lond.andWestminst National Provincial of England Do. New National of Ireland Oriental Bank Cor potation Provincial of Ireland Do. New Royal Auatraln. Bkg. and Gold Imp. Co South Australia Union of Australia Do. New Union of London . Union of Madrid . 14 4 d 2}_2 a d dis— par d 7 9 3 3a 1/ 24 32 331 42 —45 del loa 11 55 65 6 —7 p, 2i— 3d' 14 —l6 2i d— -2 d I - 6 i— 7 d id d 4d d iP —. ad 3 4 g - d 5 7 33 4 i— $ d i d i i di BANKS. 69 71xd bog ••• ...". ••• la par i - ldis 24 2d 4 d— 4p 21i - 22, 33 - 34 44i - 4N d • par 36 38 63 65 62 7 17 19 MISCELLANEOUS. Aubin Coal and Iron Australian Agricult.' Australsn . Pc ific Mail, Australn. Royal Mail Brit. American Land Brit. & Coln. Smeltg. and Reduction Co Canada Company., Crystal Palace Crystal Pal, of France Eastern Steam Electric Tel. of Irel Gen. Steam Navigat General Screw Steam Irish Beetroot Sugar Magdalena St. Navig. Nat. Pt. Steam Fuel Netherlands Land N. B. Australasian Nrth.ofEuropeSteam Peel Rr. Ld. & Minrl. Peninsular & Oriental Do. do. Portland Iron Co Royal Mail Steam Scot. Austral. Invest Do. New Scrip South Austral. Land Submarine Telegraph Van Diemeu's Land 31 - 33 ••• ... 55 - GO -14 p 1 - 0 id AP ... -- ... 13 - gd — la -- l'ip. 32- ii 14 - -ti WO %Ration SUN OFFICE, Six o'Clock. CHESTER RACES. (THIS DAY.) (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) WELTER CUP. Italian . Romeo .. Red Lion 1 Seven ran. £5O PLATE. Eight ran. GRAND STAND PLATE. Lady Napier Seven ran. CHESTER. HANDICAP. Missive . Eleven ran. STATE OF TRADE. ( From the Manchester Guardian of this day.) MANCHESTER, Oct. 4.—On Saturday we had slight in dications, and yesterday still more decided ones, of an improvement in our market ; and this morning opened with a general expectation of an increase of firmness, and, to some extent, of business also. But an early telegraphic announcement that the Sultan was about to declare war, under the advice of a council of magnates, and that all the Queen's Ministers were summoned to London, at once put an end to these anticipations. The effect was increased by the fall in shares and consols. Business has been completely interrupted, and prices rendered more irregular than before. People do not know what to do ; and those who were encouraged to operate yesterday, feel disappoinnted to-day with what they then did. A greater impatience than ever with the changing phases of this Russo-Turkish business has conse quently been generally and strongly expressed. Yes terday there were fair transactions in 16's and 24's reeled water twist ; the entire stoppage of production at Wigan having moved the buyers. These spinnings acquired therefore a greater degree of firmness. There is no doubt that the Germans (who have had advice of good sales of manufactures at the Leipsic fair) would operate in yarns with some freedom, if they had confi dence in prices. As regards cloth the circular of a lead ing agency house says—" There is no want of orders in the hands of buyers, but they are all holding back in the expectation of a further decline in prices. On the whole, this has been the dullest day we have experienced for some time, and prices are exceedingly irregular." ROCHDALE, Oct. 3.—We have had a dull market, with little doing, and pieces stationary. In wool there is no change since last Monday. HALIFAX, Oct. I. The dullness which has for some time past pervaded every branch of the worsted trade is by no means diminished ; and the transactions are very limited in wools, yarns, and pieces. HUDDERSFIELD, Oct. 4.—Comparatively no business has been done in the market to-day. It opened languidly, and at an early period the unfavourable telegraphic news from the Stock Exchange operated to the com plete depression of the market. The news from Aus tralia also tended to check the demand which has lat terly extensively prevailed for the better descriptions of woollen cloths and waistcoatings. There has been a less amount of business transacted to-day in all depart ments than on any market day for many months past. BIRMINGHAM, Oct. 3.—The preliminary meeting of the ironmasters of South Staffordshire was held at Hotel, Dudley, on Thursday last, when it was resolved to maintain the prices of last quarter. The tin market continues in a very unsatisfactory state. For common block from 1235. to 128 s. have been required during the past week in Birmingham, and even at those quotati on s manufacturers have not been able to obtain a sufficient supply. Copper remains stationary, but is more likely to recede than to advance. THE CIVIL WAR IN OR INA. The following is a letter from a naval officer on the China station : " Hermes, Shanghai, July 9. " I take this opportunity of writing a few lines about the important and interesting movement here, our boats having just returned from Chian-kiang-foo, where they had been in search of some deserters from the Sala mander, enticed away by the Toutar's (Chinese Go vernor's) people. " They report that the insurgents, by the confession of the Imperialists, confirmed by themselves, had taken Fung-yang, the capital of a department, some time since, and had beaten a large force which we knew to be some where there under Keshen. The latter also stated— and I have no doubt of it—that they had taken Kwei tih, also the capital of a department, and close to the Yellow River. " From the few vessels at the mouth of the Grand Canal, as compared with what there were there when we passed, and from the few troops at Ching-kiang•foo (from 3,000 to 5,000), as compared with what then were (50,000 or 60,000), they must have a large force in the north. " Many have been inclined to say that they were losing all the moral effect of their capture of Nankin, and that they showed themselves unequal to an emer gency ; but it appears to me that their plans have been and are admirable. They brought away a quantity of children, and, I suppose, women, from Quang-si, whom it would have embarrassed them exceedingly to have car ried on at present ; so they fortified and provisioned Nankin for their reception ; and then, or rather at the same time, commenced fortifying Ching-kiang-foo, as the key to the Grand Canal, leaving force enough in them to defend them, and, by occasional sallies, to keep the Imperialists under the impression that their forces were greater, and so draw off attention from what was their real object all along—viz., the capture of Pekin. I had no doubt that their intention, when we were up in the Hermes, was to proceed thither with all con venient haste, but they evaded our question by saying, We are waiting orders from the Tae-ping-wang ; or, waiting for a revelation as to where we shall go.' "The effect has been to keep 15,000 men at Ching kiang-foo, and I fancy the whole of the army of General Heang—he that was lately made Viceroy of seven pro vinces, poor man, though 75, and is now ordered up to Pekin to lose his head. Soon they will not get any one to undertake the charge. "While the insurgents were fortifying these places they were building or altering boats—l presume to carry their commissariat, for, as they have stopped the supplies going north, they would require to take supplies with them. Building or altering vessels was necessary, be cause this is rather a low time of the year for the canal. "You will observe that the places taken rather indi cate that they are not travelling by the canal. This may be partly because it is low, and partly to be a t th e f orces opposed to them in detail, or to prevent a junction be tween the Manchoo army under Keshen and the Chinese army under Heang under Nankin, for, though they should advance upon Pekin, it would be fatal for them to lose Nankin. There is a large Tartar force in Whaer nan, near the mouth of the Yellow River, and they may wish to avoid this for the present. " I fancy this last move up to the Yellow River has been made in a fortnight, and the probability is that, as the forces were assembled there, having passed them, their course will be rapid. "The whole country seems hostile to the Manchoos, and will turn instantly the insurgents arrive at Pekin and issue their mandates. They have excellent information from all parts. Thus, there was a large sum of money coming up from Canton for the Imperialists ; they sent a party of 400 from Nankin, who made a sweep round to the south, and cut off the party escorting the treasure, and returned to Nankin in safety, passing through the Imperialist army each time. "They received our officers and the Consular inter preter most graciously, but expressed a wish that Euro peans should not visit them unless they intended staying, as the Imperialists would take their heads, and say the insurgents had done it. They were evidently unwilling that we should know their movements, lest they should transpire, and the Imperialists become aware of them ; but I think the latter are getting apprehensive, and are drawing their forces by degrees away from Ching-kiang-foo. They admitted to our officers that they had no expectation of retaking any of the places, and are, indeed, getting quite reckless as to conse quences, seeming more concerned to know where opium was to be had than anything else. Strange to say, h ope i oni to first question they asked was, 'Have you any sell ?' and, on our people visiting their junks to th num ber of 70, they found nearly all were opium smokers, certainly all the mandarins. The Admiral of the fleet was so much under its influence, that two or minutes h after having entered our boat to go rounstee dquthitee fl u e u e a t h h le e fell asleep, and very shortly begged off, a to go further. These fellows never go i n t o action, and seem quite content if the vessels fir e r b w o h ti e i t s h i edre s, hreergea be e less of -whether they hit an ything, anything to hit. They have made r.annopihse., and, because not taken or sunk, they report a tum bec m om an in y g of m tb or e e fe p e o li p n u g l s a e r f . popular "The insurgents are daily Seeing that they do violence to so how they popular so h the Chinese, the wonder is It can only be ne oos are as they are. intensely unpopular. gi At on e time the Chineselloman Catholics (not so the European) were app_rehensiveof the success of the IVlanchoos, because, they say, if they succeed Christianity in every shape will be proscribed p ract i cally, if not professedly, and their heads taken o ff professedly for political offences.] "There has been a demand for Christian books, more particulary from Shang -tang, for the last month or more, and it continues unabat e d. O thers, again, ask for books of the same religion as that of the insurgents, and some have even asked for instructors to be sent among them. "The insurgents are wonderfully satisfied as to their ultimate and early success—they talk of two or three months. The General at Ching kiang-foo said, `I am getting an old man now, but I could beat any twelve of those fellows opposed to us ;' and, speaking of arms— `The muskets often miss fire because our powder is bad •, and, as for those with caps, why we don't understand them, and if we did, we could not make the caps ; now, the spear never misses fire, and these Imperialists are afraid of it.' "The greater number of the junks that were sent from the Pei-ho for grain are going back empty, nearly all the people refusing to pay their land tax. There have been frequent disturbances near here, in consequence of their attempting to force it, and the Government has in each ease been obliged to give in." 20 1 4118 93 47i 9 50 49i 16 15i i 4i 4 11g i I GO 1 GO 1 i 72 3 4 484 102 79 80 794 6 61 604 1i 2 9i 10i 7i i 94 101 i # 21 al ij 75i 61 19 58 7 98i 9 35 3 i [8 25i 6i 7 6i nt ii 38 ad 56i 6 x d 2$ x d 57i 7 8 344 61 60i 1i 6O 11 10 i 7a 411 5i 4 51 23 :j 3 69i 70 ad & b 15 lii 45.} a 5 40 49 GI 31 4 THE CHOLERA. ( From encral Board of Health, Whitehall.) NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. Deaths on the 3d of October : Cholera Diarrhoea The total number of deaths from cholera and diarrhoea in Newcastle during the present outbreak has been 1,413. In the same period (viz., the first 33 days) during the prevalence of epidemic cholera there in 1831-2 the number of deaths was 239. ELEXHAM. Deaths on the 3d of October : Cholera ANNANDALE, N.E. Died on the 2d of October : Cholera STOCKTON. Died on the 3d of October : Cholera SOUTH SHIELDS. Died on the 2d of October : Ch01era.......................................... 1 The total number of deaths from cholera in South Shields to the 2.1 inst. has been 35. GATESHEAD. Deaths on the 3d of October : Cholera ... Diarrhoea.. The total number of deaths from cholera and diarrhea& in Gateshead to the present date has been 394. During the like period (viz., the first 27 days) in 1831-2, the deaths amounted to 139. (From the London Gazette of last night.) BOARD OF TRADE, WHITEHALL, OCT. 3. The Right Hon. the Lords of the Committee of the Privy Council for Trade and Plantations, with a view of preventing the spread of Cholera on board merchant ship ping, have caused to be issued and circulated the following instructions and notice for tho information and warning of mariners and shipowners : CHOLERA. Instructions to Captains ofShips, prepared by the General Board of Health. Captains of Ships are hereby warned 1. What to avoid. Overcrowding—The amount of breathing space for the men which may suffice in ordinary times is insufficient in an epidemic season.l Increase space as much as practicable.. Permit no sails, large trunks, or any part of the cargo to occupy the forecastle. If sufficient additional space can not be otherwise obtained, erect a temporary tent on deck by awning, sails, &c., for the men at night, taking care that they sleep warm and dry. Ventilate the forecastle and every part of the ship with fresh air as freely as possible. Pure air is the first essential requisite to safety. Dampness—To lessen the danger from dampness let the boards be dry-rubbed. Let the men change their wet clothes whenever practicable, and never allow the wet clothes to remain below an instant. A thick flannel belt or bandage around the stomach or loins would be a great defence for sailors. Flannels or Guernsey frocks should be worn nest the skin. Sudden and violent attacks of cholera often follow a chill. Filth—Let every part of the ship be kept as clean and sweet as possible, and enjoin personal cleanliness on the men. Vessels affected by bilge water should be pumped out frequently, especially steamers. Unwholesome Food.—Articles of food which may 1311 taken with little inconvenience in ordinary times may be dangerous in an epidemic season. The best articles of food are meat, good biscuits, rice, oatmeal, and good pota toes. Solid food is better than fluids, and therefore at this time it would be advisable to g i ve Ale crew beef and mutton instead of soup. Care should be taken to avoid all tainted meat and decayed vegetables. Special atten tion should be paid to having a supply of pure water. All river water near towns should be avoided. Excess.—Great moderation in food and drink is abso lutely essential to safety. A single act of indiscretion has been followed by a severe attack ; intemperance at such a time is fraught with extreme danger. An epidemic at mosphere commonly produces great depression, both of body and mind, and a desire for stimulants. If for the relief of this feeling recourse be had to gin or brandy, the result may be fatal. Purgative Medicines.—No purgative medicines of any kind should be taken at this season—unless under medical direction. Glauber's Salts and Epsom Salts are especially dangerous. Owners and masters should provide themselves with the necessary medicines immediately. 11. What to do. Cholera is commonly not so sudden in its attack as is supposed. It usually gives warning of its approach for some hours, and often for a day or two, by some degree of looseness about the bowels. This may be slight, and it is almost always without pain ; but,let no one be put off his guard by this circumstance. The master should, by obser vation and inquiry, take notice of the health of the crew ; and for his guidance, until such time as he may be able to obtain medical assistance, the following recommendations are subjoined :_ _ _ If any man should be attacked with any degree of loose ness of the bowels the following medicine should be given to him at once : 15 or 20 grains of opiate confection, mixed with two table spoonful of peppermint water, or with a little weak brandy and water warm. This should be re peated every three or four hours, or oftener if the attack is severe. If this medicine is not at hand, eight or ten drops of laudanum may be substituted for the opiate con fection. If the purging is severe, and especially if attended with vomiting or coldness, the man should go to bed immedi ately, and be kept warm. Bottles of hot water, or bags filled with salt or bran, should be applied to the stomach and feet, and along the spine. A large poultice of miista.rd and vinegar should be put over the stomach, and kept on 15 or 20 minutes. The above medicines should be continued every hour, or every two or three hours, according to the emergency of the case, until a doctor can be got. Rest and warmth in bed are essential until medical assistance arrives; but not a moment should be lost in seeking medical aid. NOTICE TO MASTERS AND OWNERS OP SHIPS PREPARED AND ISSUED BY THE BOARD OF HEALTH. The approach of cholera having rendered it necessary to take all possible precautions, and experience having shown that the disease spreads rapidly and fatally wherever there is overcrowding, dirt, and want of ventilation, the atten tion of masters and owners of ships is especially called to the following sections of the Mercantile Marine Act : Section 6.3 - . "Every place in any ship occupied by sea men or apprentices, and appropriated to their use, shall have a space of not less than nine superficial feet for every adult, measured on the deck or floor of such place, which shall be kept free from stores or goods of any kind not being their personal property in use during the voyage ; and every such place shall be securely and properly con structed, and well ventilated." . " If any place in any . ship occupied by sea and appropriated to their use, is not in th ic e Sne w co h tri o oa l n o pp6 L e. ffi nt c i i c e e n s lly large to give such space as herein before required, or if any such place is not securely and properly constructed and well ventilated, the owner shall for every such offence be liable to abenalty not exceeding twenty pounds ; and if any such space as aforesaid is not kept free from goods and stores as aforesaid, the Master shall for every such o ff ence b e li a b le to a penalty not ex• ceeding ten pounds." Masters and Owners of Ships are hereby warned that the Board of Trade will, if occasion shall arise, take measures to enforce the above enactments, by inspection, and, if ne cessary by legal proceeedings. By order of tho Board, F. W. BEECHEY. W. H.WALKEB." T. H. Farrer, Secretary. A fatal case occurred in Blandford-street, Marylebone, on the 2d inst. The patient, a young man, had been for some days previously taking, most imprudently, seidlitz powders. Several inmates of the house are affected with diarrhoea. In the rear are some most of fensive impurities, which have been long neglected. Another fatal case occurred on the same day in York court, Baker-street, Marylebone. This day (Tuesday) a fatal case of cholera occurred at 52, Park-street, Gros venor-square, in the person of the wife of a relieving officer of St. Marylebone parish. Death occurred 26 hours after attack. Between the 23d and the 27th ult. as many as seven cases were seen by one of the resident medical men in Bermondsey ; four proved fatal. In the majority there had been neglected diarrhoea. A fresh case occurred yesterday morning in the same gentleman's practice. He attributes this attack to the horrible effluvia from a foul ditch which had been stirred up the day beforec the black mud being left exposed on its banks. There was a fatal case in Deptford on the 30th ult. Diarrhoea bad been for five days neglec ted ; the duration of the cholera symptoms was about 24 hours. The case occu rred in Creek-street, a very filthy locality, where several deaths took place in 1849. A severe case of choleraic diarrhcea, has also occurred in Somers-street, ano ther filthy spot. The patient has recovered. Pr. Milroy (Medical Super intendin g Inspector of the General Board of Health), accompanied by Mr. Hall, of the Poor-law Board, had a conference to-day (Tuesday) with the local a uthorities of Lambeth, and pressed upon them the importance of adopting the measures requisite ou p u u d b s lic iu health y in pa r t t h s a w t t p h r p i r s Ito which he it p is ro w te e e ll ti k o n n ow of n t a h b e lific causes of disease. TY NEMOUTH DISTRICT. Oct. 3.—This district covers a cons id era bl e area o f the at Walke r , south-east division of N or th um b er l an d, an d contains a population of about 66,000 persons. It joins Newcastle and goes as far north as . Blyth. There has been a considerable amount of cholera in several of the villages of the union the most fatal cases being in How don, a large village on the banks of the Tyne, at present u nfortunately with a considerable increase to its popu lation, by a number of navvies finding employment in excavating the new Hayhole Dock. By some oversight the registrar has not received an official return from that village, but the deaths have either been fifteen or sixteen, and there is still a good deal of sickness. Tynemouth township has a. population of 16,699 persons ; North Shields, 13,825. During the quarter ending September 30, 1849 (the cholera year), there were 210 deaths in Tynemouth ; the corresponding quarter of this year, the ordinary mortality has been 66 deaths. In N orth Shields in 1849, 359 deaths ; the corresponding quarter of this year, 74 deaths. SOUTH SHIELDS. Oct. 3.—Two trimmers, stout able men, who were employed at Pelaw Main, came down here, and died suddenly of cholera during the latter part o f last week ; they were "marrows." A female is lying in a dan . prous state in the same neighbourhood where t he men wed. MANCHESTER. Another case of cholera was spoken of yesterday morning, but it was not known whether it was a real case of the Asiatic disease. PROPOSED HYDRAULIC RAILWAY•— .a. new style of railway, substituting water for atmospheric pressure, has been proposed both here and in France, with a view to economical working and security from accident. The actuating power is to be obtained by means of continuous water power between the rails by artificial pressure. The water power is worked by peculiar mechanical arrangement, and it is proposed to place the apparatus at distances of 300 feet along the line. I 25 25 St. 50 13i 20 20 50 10 St. 25 25 100 8 all 100 all al 1 1 1 41 1100 li4 all all all 7 100 100 100 all 3} 100 100 100 100 100 all all 6} all 100 all 17 all all 14 51s. 100 20 11, 1 2 100 14i f 50 25 124 12 20 all all all all all 100 11i 100 100 18g all all 13.5 24} all 15 30 20 1 40 all 15 10 all 25 100 100 20 50 50 100 100 20 10 20 35 100 20 10 50 50 50 2 100 1 1 i 2 f 14j a 1.38 7