The Sun. — London, England, 1853-10-15 00:00:00

SPORTING NOTES. THE CAMBRIDGESHIRE STAKES. The running at Newmarket during the past meeting, as usual, exercised a material influence over speculation on the Cambridgeshire Stakes. The race for the Cesare- Witch, in particular, invariably gives some trustworthy indication of the probable result of this, the last im portant legitimate event of the season, and, in the present instance, its decision has furnished no exception to the rule. Relative to certain horses, it has caused a complete change in the betting. The animals that occupied the foremost places in that encounter now figure conspicuously in the list of !potations on the Cambridgeshire. Nabob is the lead ing favourite, a position to which his recent performance undoubtedly entitles b im. He will now encounter Haco on 31b. more favourable terms ; an advantage, however, Which is, in the opinion of many shrewd judges, insuffi cient to enable him to "turn the tables" on his younger opponent. Although Haco defeated him by a head only, and although the race was unques tionably severely contested by both, yet I believe that Haco had " that in him " which would, had he exerted it, have enabled him to achieve the vic tory by a greater distance and with perceptible ease. That he won cleverly admits not of a doubt. In esti mating the comparative chances for the Cambridgeshire by the running for the Casarewitch, the different cha racter of the two encounters must be duly considered. The Cambridgeshire course, although of greater severity, is materially shorter than that for the Cesarewitch. The horse s too that will compete for the Cambridgeshire Stakes are animals of a superior class and pre tensions to those that met on Tuesday last. Orestes, Cineas, Rataplan, and some others, come u ider this denomination. Rataplan's performance for the Handicap Plate on Thursday was sufficient to establish the formidableness of his chance. With King Pepin his Party have a good line by which to measure the extent o f his pretensions ; and should they back him, I shall deem Rataplan a most dangerous antagonist. He is handicapped at 7st. 121 b., only 11b. more than Hobbie Noble carried last year, when he ran second. Cineas and Orestes, also, are entitled to most favourable notice ; they have both displayed racing powers of much supe riority. In glancing over the list of acceptances, other noteworthy names arrest my attention. The most Prominent are Grey Tommy, Balrownie, Goorkah, Talfourd, Black Swan, The Queen, Seahorse, Bit of Blue, Misletoe, and Little David. I have been induced to include Grey Tommy in this list, because I have been informed that he is in good health, and that he is under- Ping a preparation for this race. I have not, however, had an opportunity of ascertaining the truth of this in forMation. His owner is now the sole proprietor of Nabob. In the above remarks, I have purposely made no at "rapt to determine the relative merits or comparative chances of the competitors. I have merely thrown a few rough notes together for the amusement, and perhaps guidance, of the reader. Th e Warwick Meeting will commence on Tuesday next, and on Wedneeday will fairly inaugurate the Steeplechase Season.: My comments on the list of sport, and other matters connected with it, must be de ferred till Monday. October 15. A FRESH MAN. THE ABSCONDING BANKRUPT, WELSH. At the Guildhall, yesterday, Michael Thomas Stacey Welsh was placed at the bar before Sir Chapman Mar shall, charged that he, having been adjudged a bank rupt, absconded and did not surrender at the time and place appointed. The prisoner in 1851 was a draper and silk-mercer, and carried on business at Romford, in Essex, until he absconded at the latter part of the year. He was made a bankrupt shortly after, and his debts amounted to upwards of 1,0001., and he had gone off with property to a much larger amount. Mr. Walker, of th e firm of Boyd and Co., of Friday-street, had traced the prisoner's progress from this country to Australia and back again, and subsequently from place to place up to the time of his being apprehended at South ampton, as he was on the eve of embarkation for Ame rica, and property to the amount of 7501. was found in his possession, which was given up to the assignees. Mr. John Benjamin Walker gave the following ac count of his apprehension of the prisoner at the Tiger I nn, Southampton :—I obtained the assistance of a de tective officer, and after the most unremitting exertions, We at l engt h fell in with him at the Tiger Inn, where we Mund him in company with a lady at dinner. I went :1 1 1 , to the prisoner and said, " How do you do, Mr. ,iyelsb," and he shook hands with me, but recollecting timself immediately he said, " You seem to know me, nt my name is not M r . W e l s h, m y name i s G eorge ac d mith." I said, " Y es , y ou are M r . W e l s h o f R om f or d, I char ge you with felony. " He told me it was a raistake, and referred me to his solicitor, and then re quested me to allow him to finish his repast. I acceded, 4 4 . 1 d while he was doing so I remembered a peculiarity ige prisoner was remarkable for relative to certain finger ti n et g '; he wore, and on looking over his shoulder, I dis fi:da ,s,a`A , the marks those rings had made, and signi tak ) ., - ; ‘ ° e officer, who was present, that I was not mis tgielerieeeds t n. , t he man. ' I was, however, a good deal stag lla coolness of the prisoner's denial, but never do his a d je()th e r ed the prisoner, and dire . cted the officer to Md. sp o il and search him. The prisoner became very - igna,nt at this, and striking is fis on the able he " Mr. Walker, you are tre h ating t t me very badly." le l;se d him to give up all his property, but he said he but a large sea-chest full of' linen. I did Ipebelieve that wa s a ll, an d I th en ascertained from the . 111 r that h e overheard the prisoner telling his brother ,'°_ write to L on d on, and let the prisoner ' s friends know he Was in custody. The brother was a brewer at South ampton, and I procured a warrant to search his premises, and on going to execute it I was informed that 7501. Was placed in the Hampshire Bank on 14th September, and withdrawn all in one sum on the 23d of the same month. I then traced the money to Powell, of the Shard Arms, in the Old Kent-road, to whom the pri soner had forwarded it, and on applying to him upon the subject he admitted he had given it over to Mr. Norton, the prisoner's solicitor, who has undertaken to pay it over to the assignees on Saturday (this day). After the committal of the prisoner by the magistrate at Southampton, I intimated to the mayor in court that I should apply for a warrant at the rising of the court to search certain houses in the town, the result of which was that the prisoner, as I ex pected, offered to disclose where his property was con cealed. He told me that there was a desk, a portman teau, and a box at the Tiger Inn belonging to him ; but on going there the possession of the property was strenu ously denied by the people of the house for some time, but the parcels were ultimately found as the prisoner had described them. I took possession of them, and discovered the lock of the desk had been picked and the hasp broken off the portmanteau, and the property evi dently conveyed away surreptitiously since the prisoner's capture. I can only account for this by the negligence of the police. The prisoner was allowed free intercourse with the young lady with whom he had been seen, and there was no knowing what injury the estate had sus tained in consequence. When first taken the prisoner e ndeavoured to tear up a letter, which we prevented him from destroying, and on reading it it turned out to be a letter written by the prisoner to the lady he had been seen with and to whom he was engaged to be married, bidding her farewell. It was dated from on board the Hermann, Which was then about to start for America, whither he had taken passage. There were also several love letters, from four or five young ladies, found on the Prisoner, with whom it appeared he had formed matri monial engagements, and in one of them the lady offered to get everything ready for her marriage with the pri soner in two or three days, so as to be able to accompany , hi m to America. I was more disgusted with the pri soner's conduct towards the younc , ladies he has been in , c° inrnunicatio n w ith th an the loss' of the money, and Was determi ne d t o f o ll ow hi m up, i n order that the public might be put upon their guard against such specious characters. The prisoner's plausibility Was such that when the news that he was about to sell off reached the creditors they sent down an accountant, a very clever man, to see how mat ters stood, and he returned with tidings that there Was not the slightest occasion for any anxiety, as the Prisoner had in the most open manner shown him all his books, and proved that his property was much more han sufficient, and that though he was about to sell off intended t o pay off everybody, and the opinion of the acco untant was that the prisoner was as honourable and upright as the sun. tral Mr. N ew li ng sa id h e h a d re ceived letters from Aus ia informing him that the prisoner had also absconded fro m that place with 1,4001., which two gentlemen had intrusted him with to buy gold, and 1001. which he ob tained from several poor diggers. he was prisoner said he le ft all the money behind when was sh o t a t i n Australia. Mr. Walker said he understood from the passengers in the Indus that the prisoner had said he had been shot at in Australia by persons who supposed he carried a great deal of property with him, but at the time he took his Passage in the Indus he came on board at midnight, and disguised. The p r i soner said it was not so, and that having been I n India he had come from Madras by the overland route. The Prisoner was then re man d e d f or th e com pl e ti on of Eke deposiion. MORE EARTHQUAKES IN GREECE.—A letter from . Athens, of th e 30 t h ult., in the Augsburg Casette, says • 'We have had a dreadful night. A shock of an earthquake took place at midnight, and alarmed every one, and forced ns all to leave our beds in great baste, so me of the inhabitants being even flung out of them v iolently. A number of other shocks afterwards took P l ace, until five in the morning, some of a severe cha racter and some of a milder kind, heavy rain falling nearly all th e t i me. Several buildings have suffered — "lag% At Thebes also, on the night of the 22d of whi Se ptember, a s h arp shock of an earthquake was felt, ch was afterwards followed by several others. The Population, who have been living in tents since the greater part of the town was destroyed by earthquake, s ome short time sinc e , are a b out to establish themselves eige Where." IMPORTANT TO THE GRAIN TRADE. ALEXANDRIA, °°t • s. —No answer has yet been given to the consuls as to their demand for the extension of the time to ex port reply grain. St ep h en Bey, who is at Cairo, says he can vo before th e return of Abbas Pacha from his vo yage to M ount Sinai. In the meantime all sorts of grain are exported, which leads to hope that it will re t_nalti F 0 until tlri 30th November. Freights are now f : t r he t r h gr e UailuAitned Kingdom 13s. to 13s. 6d. for beans ; proportion. , PREVEN fiortnehrnan' Xre TATIVE AGAINST CHOL ERA..—Doctor Busq, a who has lately published a pamphlet in sup of the theory that constant cottact with copper i.___a for against cholera, has taken his depar `" lor England to try the efficacy of his system, 50 25 100 St. 50 St. 16 16 13i 20 20 50 20 20 50 20 _ _ state The larat, f gold It is to 0. d. for South d, on our ions ,1. pot The !,ssolo, Vres siness neusi small s now i ctual ascor mcl in aid be ation, ess il l .111108 b sea t° :hieflY ho re rentg thee° louses r, and ,c, ev as. barrel far' han it tdver- SHARE MARKETS-(THIS DAY). BRITISH RAILWAYS. RAILWATB. Closing Prices Yesterday. Easiness done this day. Aberdeen Ambg. Nottng. Bost & Eastn. Bfrmug. Wolverh. & Stour Valley Birkenhd. Lanesh. & Cheshire Junet Do. Chesh. & Birk., £5O & £25 Cons Do., £2O Bristol & Exeter- Caledonian. . (Chester & Holyhead !Cork and Bandon. Cork, Black. & Pass. Dublin&Belfast June. Dundee Perth &Aber deen Junction Do. New ......... ..... East Anglian (X 25 L. & E. & L. & D.) Do., (XlB E. & Eastern Counties Eastern Union, Class A. late E. U. Sh Do . , do.. Do., B. & C. East Lancashire !East & West Ind. Dk. & Birming. June Ed inburgh & Glasgow Edinb. and Peebles Edinb.Prth.&Dunde Glasgow & S. Western Great Northern Stk I Do., A. Stock Do., B. Stock Gt. Sth. &West. (Ire.) Great Western Irish South-Eastern. Lancaster dt Carlisle. Do., Thirds... Lancasb. &Yorkshirt Do., Fifths Do., Wat. Riding Un. Leeds Northern iLiv.Crsby.&Sontb.pt. London & Blackwall Lond. Tilb. & Sthend. Lond. Bright. & S.Cst. London & N. Western Do. Fifths London & S.Western Do., .£5O ...... Do Lndndrry.&Coleraine Lndndrry. & Ennisk. Manch. Shef. &Lineln. Do., Man. &Lin. Un. Midland . Do. Birming. & Derby Midland G.West.(lr.) Do. s Shares Newcastle &Carlisle Newmark et Do. Bury Extensions Newpt.Aberg.dHtfd. Newry & Enniskillen Newry Warrenpoint & Rostrevor. Norfolk.. Do., New.. ... Northn. Counties Un North 8riti5h......... North Devon, N 0.1.. 'Do., No. 2 ...... Dc., i A Deferred... Do., B Guaranteed North Staffordshire.. North Western........ N. & S. Wesirn. June. Oxford Worcester di Wolverhainpton..... l Scottish Central ...... Scottish Midland Shrewsbury do Birmg. Do., L. dr N. Westu. Guaranteed Stock ShrewsbS. & Herefd ShrewsbT. & Chester (Nor. W. Min.) Do. Halves, do Do. Oswestry ...... Shropshire Union South Devon South Eastern South Wales S. Yorksh. River Dun Do. Stockton de Hartlepl. Thames Haven Dock and Railway... Vale of Ncath......... Waterfd. & Kilkenny Waterford&Limerick West C0rnwa11........ Wimbledon &Croydon ;Woodford . . IYork Newctl. & Berw. Do. Extensions Do. G.N.E. Purchase York dt N. Midland.. 20 -- 21 4 - 41 Si - 91 13 - 11 6 15 - 17 5• - 4 d 93 - 95 49 - 50 15 - 17 43 . - 45 74 - 8 4,{ - 3 11g - 11 36 - 40 27 - 29 61 - 63 59 a 21 - - ii - 50 - 51 4 't24 - 126 i 100 - 102 80,} 83 88 10 —l2 p 62 —62 i Ii Dct 5 -- 5d 12/ -12 i 7g -- 7i par -- 1 p 93 -- 95 1021 -- 1031 4d - r g 5 77 13 -- 12 d 12 -- 11 d 19 - 20 59 -59 i 33 - 35 50 53 4 d par 5 4d 4i• = &) 4 3 dl 25 —26 A 8 lo 2 7 7 6 - 7t par 2 p 36 - 38 86 - 88 55 - 57 62 - 64 60 65 2i 2dis 15 17 8i 11 13 31. 3id 15 17 58 59 334 —34 A - 4 28 - 30 2/ 2i 14 - 15 i' = -6 611 -- 621 1 91 -- Bid -- 4 d 45 -- 46 PREFERENCE SHARES 100 100 100 5 100 all 100 6 100 100 Aberdeen ........ )Do., No. 2, 7 p. Bris. do Ex. 4 p. a. St. Do. 4 p. c. Shares Caledonian £lO Chester & Holyhead Guar. 5. per cent Cork &Bandon 52 P. c Dundee Perth &Aber - I deen Junction EastA nglian (£3los) 6 per cent........• • Do. (.e5) 7 per cent Do. (E 7 17s) 7 p. ct Eastern Counties Ex tension, 5 p. c. No.l Do., No. 2 'Do., New 6 p. c. St Eastern Union, Scrip Guar. 6 per cent EastLancash. 6 p.cts Edinb. Prth.&Dtinde , 4 per cent. Glasgow & S.Western guar. 5 per cent Great Northr sp. c Do. 5 p. c., Redeem., at 10 p. c. pram Gt. Southn. &Westn (Ireland) Eighths Gt. Westn. (Berke di Hants Ex. 5 p. c.) G. West. fixed 4 p c Lan. & York. F. E , 20, Do., 6 p. c., Stock London and Brightou Guaranteed 5 p. c Do. Pref. , 5 p. c. St Do. Convertible, 5 p c., 1852 . ..... Do. New Guar. 6p. c London & S. Western, Con. Thirds Londonderry& Color. Shares .............. Loudy. & Ennis. kSh Mauch. ,Shel. , & Lin., Shares, No. 1...... Do. New, £10......... 1)o., £6. ......... Niarypt.&Carl. 4 p. c. Do. 4 per cent. Do. ..... all all 10 100 1100 Mid. Cousol. 6 p. c. St. Do. Cousol. Bristol & Birm. 6 per cent Do. Pref. 4i per cent Norfolk Extension Do. Pref. 5i per ct Do. Way. Val. 5 p c North British 100 100 100 100 all 100 North Staffordshire Oxford Worcester di , Wolverh. £15,6p. c Do Shrows& Birm. N. G. Shrewsby. & Chester (Nor.W.Min),B p.c. Do. 5 per cent . South Devon.. Do. New S. Eastern (Reading Ann.,) of 21 03.6 d., S. Yo rksh.4p. c. Guar.' Waterfd. &Kilk.6p.c. York Newcastle and. Berwick, 4 p. c.Prof Do York& N. Midland H az S. Parch. 98 z jeo! 6 - 64 5 - 4 3 R 31 4 - 4 - 1 pi 1 lip 1 - 13 - 14 I 13 - 19 3 - 3i 118 - 120 108 - 110 7i- 84 6i 7 95 100 id par 1 139 141 2 - itii 7.- li i G - 7 84 - 9i i - i 1) 1138 —l4O l 1 i id 22 . : 24 100 102 9i # 10iP 16 —l7 p 9i —10 ix 13 14 par —y, 24 —24 i 19 20 95 98 1 0 '4 id Id FOREIGN. 10 5 !Antwrp &Rotterdam 3 2 d 5 3 Belgian East. Junet. 14 20 all ! Charleroi & Erquelin . . 20 10 !Dijon and Besnon 1 20 8 Dutch Rhenish 20 all East; Indian 2 3 p p A 20 2 ! Do. Extension - P 5 all !Gt. Indian Peninsula g lip 20 10 Gd. Junct. of France 2 — 23 P 201 201 Gt. Westn. of Canada Shares 2 id 5 3 Lucca and Pistoja, 5 per cent. pref. — id 20 15 Luexembourg 10 13 'Do. (Railway) 4 / 4 4B 5 5 2 ',Do ••• ••• 5 3 ! Do. (Canal) 1 t prof 1 1 2 10 5 i Do. 6p. cep • 20 12 Lyons & Mediterran. ••• 20 104 Madras • —14 p 33i 29 Maria Antonia 10 10 Do. New ..• ••• 20 all Namur & Liege (with interest 6l 6i 20 all Do. (ex interest) — ••• 16 all Northern of France 334 —3 3 i 20 all !Do. 201. 3p. c. Bds [fmy.B.&Ams.Shs.] 12i 131 10 all ,NorwegianTrnk.Pref 7 8 20 10 'Paris and Lyo ns l5l 16ip 264 a 20 all 'Tails and Orleans 45 —47 20 all !Paris and Rouen 20 all Paris and Strasbourg 364 —36 i 20 4 !ParisCaen& Cherbrg. 2 4 p 104 104 Quebec & Richmond 3 1 d 20 all !Rouen and Havre lB —2O 20 all Sambre and Meuse 7 84 10 6 Do. 51 per cent. pref 20 6 Southern of France p 20 2s. 'Upper India Scrip 8i all West Flanders 3 20 10 Do. 56 per c. Pref • ...d 10 10 Western of France 7i gip 20 4 West. of Switzerland id 10 ,Now Zogand.....w., 4 - I 181 100 100 all all all 25 25 St. 50 8i all [OO all; 1100 100 100 100 100 100 11i 100 100 42 75 6 50 1i 1251 5 62 4 pm 93i 1021 31 2i 3, 7 5 1 i i NI i i 1026 2 THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING-, OCPOBER 15, THE PEACE CONFERENCE. had come to the conclusion that all our line-of-battle ships must have screw propellers in them, so that the paddle wheel which we formerly considered the best contrivance for marine warfare has been at once superseded by the screw propeller ; in order to apply it we must have new line-of-battle ships. And now, after a few short years, our former line-of-battle ships lie great unwieldy lifeless hulks on the ocean, unless our Government has power to purchase and construct new engines. But now have you got to the end of it ? I see by the papers great laudation of these new screw vessels. For instance, there is the Duke of Welli ng t on b attle-ship. I have read the reports of gen tlemen's speeches at one very bellicose meeting at Shef field, and more particularly the speech of my bellicose friend the hon. member for Sheffield, who talked of the naval armaments, and said that the Duke of Wellington was tie greatest and the best peace society. And I have seen statements made that the Duke of Wellington is the most enormous war vessel in our whole fleet, and as such the best security for perpetual peace—(cheers)—that the Duke of Wellington and the Agamemnon with their great screw propellors are the greatest guarantees we could have of permanent peace. (Hear, hear, from Sir C. Napier.) My gallant friend here says, " hear hear," but I have not done yet. (Cheers.) Now the Duke of Wellington is a ship about 350 feet in length, and I believe measures about 50 feet odds from the deck to the bottom of the hold. It is an enormous structure. Well, but had they stood still with their screw vessels of 2,000 or 3,000 tons it would not have been so bad. I see there is a vessel coming from America which is from 6,000 to 7,000 tons burthen. But that is not all. In the great fire recently in the yard of Mr. Scott Russell there was destroyed the model of a vessel, the whole par ticulars of which I had from himself two months before ; the money was subscribed, the dimensions were all settled ; and that vessel, what do you think were its di mensions? 12,000 tons, with an engine 2,000 h orses power to drive the paddle-wheels and the screw -propeller, for it happened that an ingenious mechanic had taken another look at the fish. He had seen that besides the tail it had fines—(a laugh)—and he says we must have a vessel that is not only a paddle but a screw also, and here is the plan for the vessel :—she was to be 12,000 tons, upwards of 500 feet in length, with paddle wheels at the side, and a screw propeller at the stern, and having three engines with a united horse-power of 2,000. Now, I have seen it stated, most triumphantly in our papers, and copied into the French journals, that this Duke of Wellington, a little more than quarter the size of the vessel of which I have spoken, which, as I have told you, was laid down and will be con structed,—well, this Duke of Wellington had such power with its screw in consequence of its bulk, it could run down into halves a frigate by the mere propulsion of its en gine and without feeling any shock in the collision. Well, if this steamer is carried out and built of materials equal to her tonnage, why that vessel with its screw and paddle wheels, with an enormous weight and size and length, may run down the Duke of Wellington just as she was able to run down the frigate. (Loud cheers.) Well, then, what suppose the French Government, or any other Go vernment, chooses to come and buy from Mr. Scott Rus sell, or order a vessel of these dimensions, and our gallant visitor tells us then that the Duke of Wellington is the best guarantee for universal and perpetual peace ? (Great cheering.) Will the 3,500 tons be a match for the 12,000 ? No. And do you suppose that human intellect and inge unity will stop there. I have heard it surmised that thy won't stop at 12,000 tons ; that the principal of extension and progress found most prevalent in our manufactories and other great works will be applied to ships, and there is no earthly reason to hinder them constructing vessels of 20,000 tons on the principles applied to the construction of the great Menai tubular bridge, so that we may soon see great ferry boats carrying the population of a whole town across the Atlantic and leaving them in Milford Haven, or landing their passengers on the first bold headland of the American coast, to find their destinations by railway as best they may. Well, now, what—referring to this prin ciple of maintaining a perpetual peace by these large standing armaments- I argue is this, that there is no pre sent limit to the expenses you will be put to if you go on in that way ; that they are always aiming at something larger in structure, and every new project of this kind, every new invention is open to both nations, and they will always be rivalling each other in the adoption of these means of defence. Will the gallant visitor address him self to that principle ? (Cheers.) Let him mind we deal with principles. Though he may tell us of our number of guns, I ask him to deal with the principle I have laid down, which will be attended with such an aug mentation of our taxes, and in time of peace, when we have professions of friendship with other nations, and yet are most constantly rivalling each other in savage demon strations of perpetual hostility. (Cheers.) Well, now, we lay down the principle of non-intervention—(cheers)—not to interfere with the domestic affairs of any country. There we enlist every part of every other country in our favour. If we had only the principle of non-intervention adopted, the people of other countries would be left to manage their own affairs. We say we must have a reform of the colonial system. I think the most practical motion that can be brought in next year to parliament would be a motion pledging the House of Commons to diminish our military expenses in the colonies. They don't contribute one shilling to the expenses of this government. We have no exclusive trade with them. They may buy where they please ; we have given them all the waste land ; we have no control of that land now. They are freeer than we are, and the economical condition of the population of our co lonies is very favourable compared with that of the great mass of the people of this country, who can only earn 2s. or ls. 6d. a day, while the people in the colonies can ob tain 4s. or ss. a day as wages. Is there anything like sense, or reason, or justice, in burdening this country with the enormous expenditure which we incur in keeping up regi ments in our colonies when we have no g o o d o bj ec t to servo by them, and when we have given up everything to them which our ancestors thought worth while to contend for by force of arms ? (Hear, hear.) Well, now we have proposed in another resolutionthat it is desirable we should encourage by every possible means the intercourse of na tions, and that by national communication with each other they are more likely to remain at peace—(cheers)— that in the assimilation of coinage which is agitating the minds of scientific men both h er e an d on th e continent, and the adoption, if possible, of a more uniform system of mercantile law, we will be assisted in our commercial in tercourse, which will lead to the principles cultivated by the friends of peace. Who, then, will say that it is not desirable that these resolutions should be practically car ried out? Well, then, these are general principles. There is the ocean penny postage, too. I consider it peculiarly fitted to increase the means of intercommunication, and I am glad that, my friend the Lord Provost has mentioned that subject to me because it gives me the opportunity of expressing to this meeting—and I am sure I only express the feelings of this meeting when I say how deeply in debted we feel to Mr. Elihu Burritt for the exertions he has made in the cause (Loud cheers.) He may be as sured that he has made that ocean penny postage a practi cal question in this country. It was spoken off at the con clusion of the last session in terms of respect and approba tion from all sides of the house—(cheers)—and in the next session of Parliament we shall have a committee on it, and I feel no more doubt that this ocean penny postage will be carried into law than I have a doubt of the existence of that admirable scheme for which we are indebted to Mr. Rowland Hill. (Cheers.) But now, as I don't in - tend to keep a great meeting like this so uncomfortably situated, knowing too, that there are other friends to nit dress you, while I have gone into our general principles, I don't forget that we are at this moment expected to ad dress ourselves in some degree to tho special circumstances now before this country, and I need not for a moment shrink from the question in the presence of our gallant visitor, who has come specially here to controvert our views on that particular question of the day—l allude of course to the dispute existing between the Emperor of Russia and the government of Turkey. (Cheers.) [The hon. gentleman hero recapitulated what he had observed on the previous day as to the condition of the Christian population of European Turkey.] He then continued—l don't feel very much concerned about this attack upon Turkey, unless I can see some other way of accomplishing the amelioration of the Christians of Turkey than that proposed by the Emperor of Russia. Now, I think this is the very time to speak of these things, because we are con templating to go to war, and I believe 99 out of every 100 0. of the people in the country do not know what eve diffe re r from going to war about. (Cheers and hisses.) totally e expressed when he attended the meeting our gallant visitor here in the sentiments said there, towards the conclusionatthe Londonefhis speech, pee T c a h v , e a r f n cer H he e had been advocating our intervention by force of arms to "I hope . the Turkish government will . . the promises it made coerce Russia in t be his iii m d a u t e t e e c is te h a e firi s el a fi i l d , towards the Christians which not fulfilled." And he " I could say a good deal more about thwoaut,ndbuutp it might saying, tappear to be prejudicing you against T ur key." But now we are for the truth, the whoie truth and nothing but the truth. Our gallant visitor knows the breach of promises on the part of the Turkish government. He knows that the promises made upon former occasions have been nothing more than waste paper. He knows that the pashas and cadis are no more reached by an edict than the subjects of the empire of China would be reached by a British act of parliament. Oh, but he says, " I won't say anything about that now. Let us go and give Russia a good thrashing, because Russia wants to set this matter right which ought to have been set right, which was pro mised to be set right, but don't say anything about it just now." But this is the very time to speak about it. It forms a material part of the question, and I warn the people of this country before they go to war, to inquire into all these particulars, though our gallant visitor does not like to tell them just now. Now is the time of all others. I will now say a few words upon the interest England has in the matter. I say we don't come into the Court of National Judicature with clean hands. And for us to call public meetings and pass such resolu tions as were passed at Leicester and elsewhere, with our hands reeking with the blood of the Burmese at this mo ment—to talk of our being so indignant that we cannot remain in abeyance while Russia is doing something not quite so illogical as Lord Dalhousie and Commodore Lam bert are doing, something second only in enormity to what was practiced in the Court of Ava,—to pretend that we can call God's vengeance upon the nations of the world for that is presumption and hypocrisy. And, therefore, whilst admitting the acts to be the acts of wrong and high handed injustice, as between the governments of Russia and Turkey, whilst reprobating the conduct as illogical, base, mean, and as what may be described in one of the shortest epithets of the English language, but which I will express by , while we reprobate and despise it, I don't think we are the parties called upon to exercise physical force—to exercise vengeance upon the authors of these wrongs. I come now to the only question with us, is it our interest to go to war with Russia in consequence of the encroachments and acts of injustice which Russia is performing towards Turkey? What are the arguments, upon which we are to go to war for our own interest ? I don't set up the argument of interest. The argument of interest is set up by our opponents, and IL is urged that if Russia is allowed to conquer Turkey, our possessions will be in danger from his aggressive movements. What does that amount to? It amounts to this, that because I assume that Russia is going to beat Turkey, and add to his terri tory, and acquire enormous power by means of taking that territory, that then he is coming to attack you. They assume all that to be true and they will ask you to go to war in order to avoid what is to happen. But I don't ad mit all these dogmatical premises. In the first place, I don't admit that the accession of territory necessarily leads to the increase of the power of a state. I have visited Turkey and Russia sufficiently to enable me to un derstand what I read about these countries ; and from r what I know of Russia, I believe she would_bemoe course, powerful from this moment if she adopted a pacific deepened her rivers, widened their channels,lltincreased the fertility of her soil, and attended genera develop mentpoweromf ohreerbyinttehrnatalthnraesources . She would y increase in by pursuing a warliko course. o t e The more you extend your surface, the more you weaken the centre. If Russia, insteads l sc capitals,nttwoopsa third, Moscow I and St. Petersburgh, takes Censuinle a g to increase her power, in anopposite effect. I know this is universal t b w el e i n ev ty e that yearsinitstewadoniodf tending have ui ten ar opinion, because there is a nive inthe mind of man to acquire m ore u no d t esir the e popular territory. The farmer, who has got 500 acres of laud, and has not 'sufficient capital to work it well, will MR. COBDEN AND SIR C. NAPIER. A public meeting was held in the Music-hall in the eTen ing, in connection with the sittings of the Peace Confer ence. The large hall was crowded to excess, and the plat form was occupied by the leading members of the Confer ence, and Sir Charles Napier was seated immediately on the left of the Lord Provost, who presided. The CHAIRMAN explained the course which it was pro posed should be adopted, which was to the effect that the resolutions which had been unanimously passed at the Peace Conference would be commented upon by the speak ers, and that at the end the resolutions would be put to the meeting to say whether they approve or did not ap prove, and that if any ono had anything to state against these resolutions he would be heard. Mr. RICHARDS (the Secretary) then read the resolution which bad been passed at the Conference. Mr. ELIRU BURRITT, who on rising was greeted with loud cheers, moved the series of resolutions which has al ready appeared in our columns, in an eloquent address, which was repeatedly applauded throughout its delivery, and pointed out some of the most glaring anomalies in volved "in that strange modern system of policy called an armed peace." The Rev. Mr. BURNET, of London, supported the rest. lutions . Mr. COBDEN, M.P., said, though a good deal has been said respecting the character and purposes of this meeting, I will mention an incident connected with it which will bring home peculiarly to your own minds the extraordinary metamorphosis that has taken place in public opinion in this country of into. When in the month of January last we held a similar Peace Conference in Manchester, we were, as you know, in the midst of a paroxysm in our ap prehension of a French invasion. At that moment the Conference entered into a subscription at Manchester with the view of endeavouring to raise 10,0001., of which, I be lieve, nearly one-half was paid down on the spot for the purpose of instantly setting on foot an agitation through out the country, to colinteract that spirit of apprehension and hostility which was manifested towards France. (Cheers.) And that was, I believe, my own suggestion— at all events it arose in a conversation of three or four of us at the Conference in Manchester, whore we proposed to raise such a fund, when we found the extraordinary circumstances in which the country was placed, and the manifest danger of a collision between this country and France. I thought that it was better that in stead of having only one Conference we should have two or three throughout the country. The city of Edinburgh was suggested as one place, and Leeds as another, and we separated from that Conference with the impression that before the coming Christmas we should have held a con ference at Edinburgh and at Leeds for the purpose of coun teracting the feeling of hostility and alarm entertained towards France. (Hear, hear.) Well, now, under what different circumstances are we here met, with our fleet acting together with the French fleet, and the prospect of English and French armies acting under a French general ; and we find the complete change which you now witness. But I am very glad that under this justifiable misappre hension we have assembled here on this occasion. I have been delighted during those two days to wit ness i n th e assembled friends of te peace movement, who have met from all parts of the kingdom, such an evidence of growing strength on the part of the principles we are here to advo cate—(cheers)—and such proves to me that we are gather ing round this cause precisely that strength and character and weight in this country which we found towards the close of another great agitation which ended in the triumph of the cause of free trade. (Cheers.) For I see here the self-same faces with which I fought that battle in many a hard day. (Hear.) We have the same men. The cause of peace is the legacy left by free trade, and the men who won the first will win the second cause. (Cheers.) And now having finished the labours of the conference and come before the citizens of Edinburgh with the resolutions which have been come to by this meeting of delegates, if anybody asks us, " What are your principles?" we say don't pick out a stray remark by this orator or the other orator ; don't cavil at any little discrepancies that you may find in the speeches of the same individual. We may look to these resolutions as they are unanimously passed ; they embody the principles and the objects of this confer ence. (Hear, and cheers.) We advocate arbitration in lieu of fighting among all the nations in the world. (Cries of " No, no," from a person in the body of the hall, fol lowed by cries of " Put him out," and " Chair.") Don't endeavour to put anybody out ; leave him here and we will make a sensible man of him before we are done. (Loud cheers and laughter.) We advocate the cause of arbitration in lieu of fighting, in the agreement of disputes, and surely anybody above the rank of savages would say that's a desirable end to accomplish. (Cheers.) There may be many who will doubt its practicability. But it is with those people that we wish to argue this question. We say, I submit your disputes to arbitration, and if you cannot settle your disputes in that way, if you should afterwards resort to the sword, still you will be as worse off as you are by resorting to the sword without arbitra tion. You may tell me that there is no court of appeal to command and enforce the fulfilment of the decree of the arbitrator. It is perfectly true. But, on the other hand, if our policy be carried out, I believe countries like France and England will enter into a solemn treaty that any question which may arise, which cannot be settled by mutual discussion and negotiation, should be referred to an arbitrator mutually chosen • this arbitrator shall have the power fin a lly t o decide the question at issue—that being understood, that being in fact the solemn treaty binding the two countries ; and if by any chance there should be a quarrel arise, and either of these countries refuse to submit the question of dispute to the decision of the arbitrator, then I say if it comes in the end to war, that country enters the conflict branded with infamy in the eyes of the civilised world—(cheers) — inasmuch as she has violated the solemn treaty she had entered into before, and she is the disturber of the civil lised world ; and she would bring the civilised world down upon her. (Loud cheers.) Well, now, we say we advocate a mutual reduction of armament s . We don't say disband your army, sink your fleet, and place yourself prostrate be fore any enemy that may come to attack you. But what we say is, that if France and England have each ten ships of the line on commission watching each other from oppo site parts of the coast, then it is plain their relative strength towards each other would be precisely the same if they would each reduce their number from ten to five. (Loud and continued cheers.) It is a simple question of arith metic ; and some day or other when a future generation, wiser than we, look back on our labours, and the difficulty we had in convincing the statesmen of our day that three had the same reference to three that six has to six, will they not be astonished at the stolidity of this genera tion, and if they had any of their grievances to redress or reforms to effect, surely I think they may take courage in the midst of difficulty when they find how much diffi culty we had to accomplish so trivial an object as that. (Cheers.) Now, I am glad on this account that we have a gallant gentleman with us—if he will allow me I will call him my gallant friend— for we have walked pretty gene rally, though not always, into the same lobby in the House of Commons together. We have a gallant officer here who, if you are to have a fight instead of arbitration, will do your business as well as anybody y o u can get. (Loud cheers.) This gallant admiral has come from London-- warm from the City of London Tavern—(loud cheers) — bringing with him a spirit impatient for more decisive proceedings on this troubled Eastern question. (Cheer ing.) gallant gentleman has declared his dispproval of course which we have taken. And I have no doubt that he has come here to-night to state the grounds upon which that disapprobation is founded. (Cheers - ) I should only be anticipating the duty which your right hon. chair man can perform as well as any man in England in offering him, in your name, the most courteous reception and the most patient attention—(cheers)—in all that he may have to address to this meeting. And now, whilst explaining to the public, it is a manifest reflection that we are at the same time explaining to a gallant and worthy opponent like him what are our real principles and objects. Admiral Sir C. NAPIER— How do you know I am your opponent? Mr. COBDEN—My gallant friend says, "How do you know that lam your opponent ?" I have no doubt that before we are done with him we will make an ally of soy gallant friend. (Loud cheers.) That will be our business s to-night. He is worth converting, I assure you. (Laughter and cheers.) Now, lot him first of all understand what he has heard people say, or what he may have read in some of the public prints, in the Reform Club in Lon don, about the objects of this Peace Conference, are pure fictions. (Hear, hear.) Now, we will tell him what we really want. We say we don't think this mode of conti nually increasing our ships of war, and mutually menacing each other, conduces to the preservation of peace between nations, and particularly between France and England. In the first place we say that it is a very expensive mode, and if our policy, the policy which we recommend, can be adopted, there will be at once a great saving to the tax payers of this country, so that those who pay the taxes, if not those who receive them, will be very much obliged to us. Now, I say it is not only an expensive mode, but it seems to me to bo an expense without a limit, because every improvement that's made in the science of ship building —every discovery that can be made by the chem ist in the art of propelling missiles against each other by ships of war or by armies—every step we make in the path of science is constantly made the argument for increasing the expensiveness of our warlike establishments ; because every fresh discovery you make and apply to the art of war, the country on the other side of the Channel must instantly follow your example, and so the two countries go on rivalling each other in these inventions for warlike purposes, and in the improvements in that lovely art of human destruction. (Cheers.) Why this increase of ex penditure—this rivalry in the game of " beggar my neigh bour" must constantly go on so long as human reason is progressive in its nature and purpose. I will give you an illustration which any man will understand in a moment. Formerly we were content with sailing vessels for the pur poses of war. Then came the discovery of Fulton—the application of the steam-engine to the propulsion of ships, and gradually but very slowly steam-ships came to be adopted by the owners of mercantile shipping. But it was long after it became a common thing to• apply the steam engine to the propulsion of ships before Government thought of establishing a steam war marine. But gradu ally England and then France adopted the system of build ing steam-vessels of war. First of all paddle ships were built. We made great blunders in the construe -ion of our paddleships, butafterourmanifold blunders, and enormous expenditure and hideous waste ofmoney,as ourgallant visitor here knows right well, we thought a perfect system of paddle steam-vessels had been established, Very well, I heard the Secretary for the Navy myself congratulate the country that all that expenditure was at an end, that this great outlay of capital for steam-vessels was concluded, and that now all he had to do was done, beyond what was re quired to maintain this establishment in an effective con dition. Well, but shortly afterwards an ingenious man, looking at a fish as it glided through the water, bethought him that he could place the movement of the fish's tail to the stern of the ship, and then came the invention of the screw propeller. Well, after the screw propellor had been found to convey ships across the Atlantic, and, in fact, round the world, then came the discussion with the Admiralty whether it should be applied to the purposes of war. At first, as is always the case, there was a great re sistance on the part of the naval authorities, th official men, to the new invention. I heard naval men say, in a committee of the House of Commons on which I sat, that if a shot went through the fan of the screw the ship would become unmanageable ; but, as is always the case in these matters, private enterprise took the invention up, set at nought and laughed to scorn and confusion the dogmas of official men. (Cheers.) The screw went into mercantile suips, and when it was found available there, now they LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS. Paid! Leasing Compana. Closing Prices Yesterday. RAILWAYS. Buckghamsh. Clydesdale Jc. E. Lincoln. gr. 6 p. cent Glstr.&Dn.Fr Hrtlpl. Dk. Railway Hull & Selby Do. Shares , Do. i Shares ! Lon. & Ghenw Do. Preference Lowestoft gr. 4 per cent Do. 6 per ct Manch.Bxton and Matlock Middlesbro' & Redear. Midaßradfd. Northern and Easternsp.c., Do. 6 per et.. Do. Fixed sp.c Prest. do Wyre Do. i Shares: Roystri.& Hit. Do.Shepth.St. Shef. Roth. &! Goole g. 5. p.e S. Staffordsh WearValleygr 6 per cent Do.. Wilts &Somrstj Agua Fria .... lATiglo Califo] Australasian . Australian Australian Cos Australian Fr( Ave Maria .... Baden (Gd. Dal , British - Austrl; British Iron.. .dillera :ehold. tchy of) n. Gold Brazilianlmp. at £5 pm Do. Cocaes & Cuiada Do. St. John Del R 47 Carson's Creek Cobre Copper Colonial Gold Copiapo Copper Min. of Eng I Do. Prof. 7i p. cent English and Austin 'issued Copper Smeltg. Co General Great Nugget Vein Great Polgooth Lake laathurst Liberty Loud. &CaWorn. Gold Quartz Crush. Co Mariquita Mexican&S.Americn New Granada Nouveau Monde Port Philip Quartz Rock Rhymney Iron Do. New Santiago de Cuba..... South Australian..... Tin Croft .. United Mexican Waller West Granada West Mariposa Yuba JOINT-STOC Australasia British Colonial Bank and Loan Company British N. American Chrtd. Bnk.of India, Austral., and China Chrtd. Bnk. of Asia Colonial Commercial of Lond English Scottish and Australian Chad._ London Chrtd. Bnk of Australia London and County London Joint Stock Lond.andWestminst National Provincial of England Do. New National of Ireland Oriental Bank Cor poration Provincial of Ireland Do. New Royal Australn. Bkg. and Gold Imp. Co South Australia Union of Australia , bo. New Union of Loudon . Union of Madrid . L. &N.W. Caledon.., Gt.Northn Gt.Westn. Yk. New. & Berw Y.&N.Md Do !Do S. Eastern, Po Norfolk ,Do Ln. &N. W. & Midld. Stckton & Darlingt. E. Count Do L. &IS. W dain&Yk Do I GLNorthn Do !Lancash.ct Yorksh MrMClean Stockt. Darling Do IGt.Westn. MIN E 5. 98 - 102 48 -/ 50 138 —l42nd 30 32 107 - 109 53A -54 A, 27 - 28 13) -14 A 242-251 z(1. 2i - 3 J 3 - 7 - - 100 60 - 63 140 - 145 138 - 142 2 lid 29i -30 i 95 - 100 r it - d 24 d d dis— par d 7 9 21 -- 31 2 -- 2i 33 -- 34 Id -- par 41 -- 43 Io -- 11 ip i 55 -- 65 6 — 7 p 2i 3 d 14 16 2# d — 2 d • ip d d 6.1 7i id par 1:c 1-- rip 34 - 4i - 6 - 7 31 - 3i ( d i d 'K BANKS. 69 - 71 ~. ... id p ar 14 ldis 21 lid i cl— ip 22 - 24 33 - 34 44 45xd i d • par 65 - 67 q - 7i 18 - 19 MISCELLANEOUS. 5 35 1 2 8 31 Aubin Coal and Iron Australian Agricult. Australsn . Pc ific . Mai l Australn. Royal Mail Brit. American Laud Brit. & Coln. Smeltg. and Reduction Co Canada Company Crystal Palace Crystal Pal, of France Eastern Steam 31 -: 33 •••• ..--. ••• ....... ....-. x d Electric Tel. of Irel. Gen. Steam Navigat. General Screw Steam Irish Beetroot Sugar Magdalena St. Navig. Nat. Pt. Steam Fuel Netherlands Land N. B. Australasian NAIL of Europe Steam Peel Rr. Ld. & Minrl. Peninsular & Oriental Do. do. Portland Iron Co Royal Mail Steam Scot. Austral. Invest, Do. New Scrip South Austral. Land Submarine Telegraph Van Diemen's Land ... - ... B - i l' li ld id ip I cil: k'd ••• ••• p li la 32 - i" 6 7- - i ..6 69i / MARKET NEWS-(THIS DAY.) COVENT GARDEN. Nei" , large supplies of fruit and vegetables found buyers to-day, as follows : FICUIT.—Pine apples, English, 3s Od to 68 Od each; ditto colonial, is to is 3d each ; Orleans plums, is to 2s ; green gages, is Od to 2s Od per punnet ; hot-house grapes, Is Oct to is ; foreign ditto, 8d to is per lb; apples, 3s to 6s per bush.; pears, 2s to 4s per half sieve ; lemons, is Od to 2s Od ; oranges, 2s to 3s per doz. ; almonds, 5s per peck ; Barcelona nuts, 208 per bush.; cob-nuts, 50s to 60s per 1001b8. ; chesnuts, 8s to 20s per bushel ; filberts, 65s to 868 per 100 lbs ; walnuts, 8d to Is 6d per 100 ; peaches, is to 58; nectarines, 2s to 7s ; apricots, is to 3s per dozen ; figs, 18 to 2s per dozen ; damsons, 2s 6d to 3s 6d per half sieve ; melons, is to 3s Od each. VEGETABLES.—Cabbages, 6d to Os 9d ; Brussels sprouts, 18 6d to 2s Od per half sieve; brocoli, 2s to 4s; greens, 2s Oil to 3s Od per dozen bunches; broad beans, Os Od to Os Oil per half sieve ; French beans, is 6d to 2s 6d pet half sieve ; sea-kail Os Od to Os Od ; red cabbages, 2s to 4s Od per dozen ; potatoes, 130 s to 185 s per ton ; turnips, 2s Od to 2s 6d ; carrots, 4s Od to 6s Od per dozen bunches ; cucumbers, Os 2d to Os 6d each ; celery, 9d tc Is 6d per bundle ; spinach, 18 Od to 2s Od per sieve; onions, Os Od to 108 Od per bushel ; Spanish ditto, is to 3s per doz. ; leeks, 3d to 4d per bunch ; shallots, 6d to 8d ; garlic, 6d to 8d per lb ; endive, 2s 2d to 3s Od per score ; small salad, 2d to 3d per punnet; horse-reddish, is Od to 380 d per bundle ; mushrooms, 6s Od to 8s Od per bushel; parsley, 2s Od to 4s Od per dozen bunches ; turnip greens, is 3d to is 6d per bushel ; beet, is Od to is 6d per dozen ; cos lettuces, 9d to is per score ; radishes, is Od to 3s Od per doz. hands ; tomatoes, 6s Od to 8s Od per dozen ; mint, 3d to 5d per bunch ; artichokes, 3s to 6s per dozen ; sorrel, 6d to is per half sieve. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL. Geese, 5s to 6s 6d ; Turkeys, 3s 6d to 5s 6d each ; Ducks is 9d to 2s 9d; tame Rabbits, 10d to is 6d; wild ditto, 6d to is ; Pigeons, 5 d to 8 d each; roasting Pigs, Os Od to O s Od barn-door Fowls, i s 9d. to 2s 9d per co u pl e; each;Capons, 38 to Is 6cl: Chickens, i s 9d t o 2 s 3d per couple • toss Od;Surrey Fowls, 5s Od. to 9 s Od ; ditt o Chi c k ens, 3s Oil Pheasants, 3s 6d to 4s Od; Partridges, is to 18 9d; Har es , 2s 6d to 3s 6 d; Leverets, 3s Od to 5s Od; Woodcocks, 2 s 6d to 3s 6d; Grouse, is 9d to 280 d; Snipes, 9d to is 6d; Teal, 6d to 9d; wild Ducks, is 3d to 2s Od ; Widgeons, 9d to 18 Od; and Plovers, 6d to is each. English Eggs, 8s 6(i:to 9s cod; French ditto, 5s Od to 75 Od per 120 ; Ostend fresh Butter lls Od to 12s, and English lls 641 to 14s per 12 lbs. NEWPORT. Beef from Se Od to 4s Od; Mutton, 3s 6d to 48 10d; Lambs Os Od to Os Od ; Veal, 3s 8d to Is 6d ; Pork, 38 6d to 58 Od per 81bs. BILLINGSGATE. Turbots, 2s 6d to 15s Od ; Brills, 2s 6d to 7s Od each; Salmon Trout, is to 18 4d per lb; Cod Fish, 5s to 128 ; Soles, 4d to 3s per pair ; Eels, 8d to is per lb ; Lobsters, 6d to 2s 6d ; Crabs, 6d to 2s 6d ; Whitings, 6s to 12s Od per doz.; Doreys, 2s 6d to 8s; Mullets, 18 to 4s Od each; Common Oysters, lOs Od to 16s Od; Natives, 40s Od to 50s Od per bah; Mackerel, 25s to 30s per 100 ; Smelts, 186 d to 5s pr doz.; Skate, 6d to 7d per lb; Shrimps, 18 6d to 2s 6d per gallon; Bloaters, is 6d to 2s Od per dozen; Fresh Herrings, 3s Od to 4s Od per 100 ; Haddocks, 6s to 12s per doz. ; Plaice, 4d to is each ; Carp, 2s Od per brace ; Tench, 2s Od to Os Od per brace ; Gurnets, 44 to 18 Od each ; Halibut, 6d per lb. ; Salt Fish, 2d to 5d per lb. ; Prawns, 38 Od to 5s Od per lb. ; Flounders, is to ls 6d per dozen ; Sturgeon, 6d per lb.; Pike CKI. each. BREAD. The prices of wheaten bread in the metropolis are from 10d to 10d; of household ditto, Bad to 9/4 per 41b loaf. HIDES AND SKINS. Market hides, 561 b to 641 b, lid to 3d; 641 b to 721 b, 3d to 34d; 721 b to 801 b, 34d to 30.; 801 b to 881 b, 34d to 3id; 881 b to 961 b, aid to 4d; 961 b to 1011 b, 4d to 44d ; 1041) to 1121 b 41d to 40. Horse hides, 6s 6d to Os Od; calf skins, light, 2s 6d to 3s 611; ditto, full, Os 6d to Os Od; polled sheep, 4s 6d to 5s 3d; Kents, 4s Od to 4s 4d; Half-breds, 4 s od to 4s 4d; Downs, 38 4d to 3s 10d; Lambs, 28 6d to 4s 6d. HAY MARKETS. SMITHFIELD.— Meadow hay, 31 8s to 51 15s ; clover ditto, 41 Os to 61 6s ; and straw, 11 15s to 21 2s per load. A fair average supply, and a steady demand. CUMBERLAND. — Meadow hay, 31 lOs to 51 17s; clover ditto, 3118 s to 610 s ; and straw, 1116 s to 214 s per load. Supply good, and trade rather dull. WHITECHAPEL. — Meadow hay, 318 s to Si 12s; clover ditto, 4/ Os to 6/ 6s ; and straw, 11 15s to 212 s per load. Traclo fame Business this day. all all all all 100 14 all all all all all 13.5 24i 30 20 1 40 all all 15 all 25 100 100 20 50 50 100 100 20 10 20 35 11170/A7O 44 x d 858, endeavour to increase his number of acres; and his neighbours will think him more profitably engaged with his large number of acres, insufficiently tilled though they be. But that opinion is not sound and philo sophicid, and does not work to the advantage of indi viduals. And the same principle applies to states. But in the next place, I don't take the encroachments of Rus sia upon Turkey as a sign, still less as a proof, that Russia wants to encroach upon us. Russia, it is true, is evidently encroaching upon her neighbours in the East because her neighbours are a decaying, disorderly, and anarchical people. Nations don't perish from without : they always perish by suicide from within. Wherever you find a nation eclipsed from the map of the world you will find that has been caused, and invariably caused, by a long period of misgovernment, amounting sometimes to centuries, which leads you to wonder as you read, not that that country was extinguished when it was, but that it was allowed to re main so long before it became annexed to another more prosperous and orderly state. I say, the case of Turkey is precisely that case. You have Russia, a less barbarous country, better organised, and with all its faults, more progressive and industrious than Turkey ; and you find Russia encroaching upon Turkey. Well, I therefore deny that you have proof that the encroachments of Russia are necessarily to lead to this vast increase of power that is to overshadow the world. I say, that taking the course that Russia has pursued for the last 30 years, and comparing that with the progress of the United States, you will find that where Russia has advanced three, the United States of America have advanced at least to thirty. That is, at the least, the comparative progress of the two countries. Mea suring the power England has gained during the last 30 years against Russia, we have increased four or five times more in real power and wealth than the Russian empire. Now, I don't say this as an argument that we should en courage Russia to attack Turkey. But when you say I should go to war to prevent danger to this country, I want strong proof of danger before I go to war to avert what is, after all, but a calamity in imagination. But lam told that we must go to war with Russia, because Russia is an anti-commercial country, and Turkey favours commerce. lam not disposed to admit the premises. I deny that Russia has ever been an anti-commercial country. No Government in the world has shown more carelessness to extend commerce and manufactures, wherever they have extended th e i r emp i re, than the Russians. That is our complaint against them, that when they took her territory they shut us out with their tariffs. But shutting out by tariffs does not make people an anti-commercial people. We formerly put on a restrictive tariff, but that protec tion, as it was called, did not make us an anti-commercial people, but was intended to benefit this country by mak ing this country's commerce more profitable. Russia has become a restrictive country, but there is no restriction im posed by her half so indefensible as that which we put upon her corn up to within the last ten years. And I would here point to this fact, that all the commerce you have, and the world has, with the Black Sea, has been made by the Russian encroachments on the borders of the sea ; for until the Russian Government erected Odessa, there was no communication by the Black Sea. Wher e do you get your corn from now ? Odessa ; yet Odessa was the results of the encroachments of Russia. They tell me that you are going to lose the trade with Wallachia and Moldavia, because the Russians are going to make further encroach. ments upon that country. lam told by the best authori ties connected with that trade that all the commerce grow ing up in these countries is owing to the more settled go vernment consequent upon the encroachments of Russia. Don't take my opinion. Turn to M'Culloch's Dictionary, to the head of Odessa, and read his description of those Russians about w hi c h we are now discussing, M'Culloch, writing in a commercial spirit, says that whatever objec tions there may be in a political sense to the encroacments of Russia upon the Black Sea, by giving greater order to its government and greater security to its industry, it has undoubtedly tended to improve the commercial relaaons of these regions. In the face of these facts, am Itogo to war to prevent the possibility of our losing some of our trade to Constantinople ? (Cheers.) Don't assume that I want to argue that we should encourage Russia in her aggressions. I want merely to show that the arguments with which they want to urge us on to war are such as the people of this country in their own interest ought not to accept. lam told the tariff of Turkey is very favourable. It is quite true that the Turks have so far despised foreign commerce and had so little faith in their power of collectingduties at the outports, that they have never attempted to collect duties upon the exports from foreign countries. But to say that Turkey has done this in the interest of commerce, because they wish to encourage trade in exports and im ports, is to misunderstand the character of that country. Go into the interior of the Turkish Empire, and inquire what security there is for the cultivator of that country ? Wherever a Pasha may levy his exactions, the rudest mode of plundering the peasant is resorted to—that of handing in the produce as he grows it. Let me see what security there is for the internal communications of the country. Ask how a camel load comes from - the interior to Smyrna, and see what security there is. Why, that magnificent country, that contained in ancient times nearly the civili sation of the world, is given up to such a state of brigand age that even the merchants of Smyrna dare not go seven miles from Smyrna to their country-houses, for they would be carried off by bands of brigands for the sake of obtain ing a large ransom for their recovery. It is absurd to talk of such a country as that being favourable to commerce. When' hearof returns being made to the Heuse of Commons of the comparison of our exports to Turkey and Russia,l say give us the imports as well as the exports. As a tree-trader, I value imports as well as exports. Let us see the amount of the tallow, the hemp, and the corn we get from that coun try, and how we pay for it. It is true Russia, copying our example, puts on high duties upon our manufactures, but we take raw cotton to Petersburgh, and exchange it for tallow, hemp, and corn, which is a profitable trade. You have a larger proportion of tonnage carrying on trade with Russia than with any other country. But when people talk about the trade with Turkey, I beg to remind them of one fact, that they are arguing in our favour ; be cause the trade is carried on, not by the Turks, but by Christians. Whoever heard of a Turkish vessel coming from Turkey, manned with Turks, bringing over freight here for the purposes of commerce ? You have sixty Greek merchants in Manchester who carry on all the trade with Constantinople in British manufactured goods. It is the Greeks and Christians, who have the wealth and en terprise of that country, that I wish to be considered in this controversy. (Hear.) The very fact that commerce is in the hands of the Christians, is a proof that you can not long secure that supremacy of Turks over Christians which it the object of our diplomatists to accomplish, but which they never will affect. Now, my gallant neighbour here, I see, used a rather peculiar phrase that fell from me some years ago at a meeting, with regard to " crumpling up the Russian Empire." Now the phrase I used was at a meeting on the subject of the Hungarian invasion in 1849. I attended a meeting in the City of London Tavern, to protest against the invasion of Hun gary by Russia. Russia was allowed then to march her armies across Wallachia and Moldavia to strike a death blow against Hungary, and no protest was raised against this by our Government. (Hear.) And it is my deli berate conviction, from a patient study of our blue books, and it is the conviction of those illustrious men engaged in that Hungarian struggle, that if Lord Palmerston had made a simple verbal protest in energetic terms, then Russia would never have invaded Hungary by passing through Wallachia and Moldavia, It was well known that the ministers of the Czar of Russia almost went down upon their knees to entreat him not to embark in that struggle between Austria and Hungary. Our protest would have been backed by the ministers of the Czar, if I had been made, and I believe would have prevented that most atrocious outrage upon the rights and liberties of a constitutional country. I said, on that occasion, when I attended a public meeting in the C it y of London Tavern, in the midst of all that exciterTeanatr I would resist any a ttempt to send any d phrenzy in favour of Hungarian nationality, id _ force to fight the battles of Hun gary on the banks b.ofnt y a th n e Danube. I did not disguise more tha I do now. my views on the su the condo ct of Russia n towards Turkey, While condemning w ill not sanction the sending of an y soldiers to fight in favour of Turkey. I have never sanctioned intervention by force of arms in foreign disputes, and when I send a ny men to fight my battles, I will take part in them my self. (A laugh.) I said also that if Russia did attack us, such were the enormous resources of this country—its resources of wealth and scientific application—that we could crumple up her empire by blockading her ports and sealing them hermetically, so that she could have no com munication whatever with the civilised world. That is a truth, and may be accomplished. But I say again that Russia does not mean to come to attack us, and it will be time enough to talk of going to war with Russia, when Russia in timates one design inimical to our interests. Mr. Cobden next alluded to the reason why he rated at so low a value thelpower of the Russian empire beyond her own dominions, which was her want of wealth. He recapitulated the occa sions on which Russia had to contract foreign loans with Amsterdam and London, and affirmed his conviction that whatever was the issue of this dispute Russia could not go on without another loan. Ho knew no cause for going to war, but if it was thought necessary to interfere, he sug gested that instead of resorting to physical force, they should first try the effect of a system of outlawry, such as making it penal to contract for a Russian loan, prohibit ing the sale of Russian stock, which he considered would strike as severe a blow at the power, ambition, and preten- i sions of that country, as if they sent a fleet to Besika Bay. As an illustration of the absurdity of keeping up military and naval armaments to convince other nations of our ability to resist attacks, Mr. Cobden directed attention to the United States, where they had only ono line-of-battle ship in commission, and whose army consisted of only 10,000 or 12,000 men, yet their enterprise, industry, im mense resources, and lightness of taxation, rendered them in the eyes of other nations a power which they would be ware of coming into collision with. He ridiculed the con duct of the boy-emperor of Austria in engaging his troops in so many fields of mimic battle, remarking if that plain man in black clothes in a room in Washington were to send a frigate to Trieste with a hostile message, that boy emperor's heart would at once be in his jack-boots at the very thought. He concluded a long and eloquent address by commending the claims of the peace party on the sup port of the country. The LORD PROVOST here intimated that it was origi nallye arranged that Mr. Bright should now address th e meeting, but he had given way to Sir Charles & gallant admiral, it was understood, was not N to p m w the meeting amendment, and he (the Lord Provost) hoped (Hear.) move an would give him a patient and deferential hearing 4 -Awith loud and Sir CHARLES NAPIER, who was received extraordinary repeated cheers, said, it may perhaps appear rd that th very that a naval officer or admiral should comefoarnwda ad dress this meeting. It is generally supposed, improperly, that naval and military men are always fo r war and for large establishm ents, and that they have no idea beyond bloodshed. (Cheers.) But I beg to t e ll you that this is a most erroneous notion. (Cheers.) Lord Nelsonßenewed chee rs .) A nd was not fond of bloodsh ed or war. if you read Lord Nelson's private letters you will find that he was a l wa ys wishing for p eace. T he Duke of Wellington was always a pe ace man after the war was over. (Laughter and applause.) He was always for pe ace ; and he succeed ed in preserving peace. And I c an assure the citizens of Edinburgh—and lam proud of being a citizen of your city—(chners)—that I am ju s t as anxious for peace as my hon. friend who sits at my right hand (Mr. Cobden) or any gentleman in the assembly. But we may differ as to the means of obtaining p eace, and we may still more differ as to the means of preserving peace. (Hear, hear.) And I must say that I do not think that the plan propounded by my hon. friend Mr. Cobden is exactly the way to preserve the peace of this country. (Cheers.) That hon. gentle man has said very fairly and very properly, and it has a very excellent appearance, coming as it does with all that beauty of language which he is capable of using, that if France agreed to reduce her force to ten sail of the line, and if we agreed to reduce our force to ten sail of the line also, they would both be placed on equal terms : granted. And he said farther, that if we reduce our force to five sail of the line, and the Ereuch did the name, we would be ex- ~_ . actly on the same footing. But my hon. friend forgot tell you that the French have an army of 400,000 or 500,000 men, and that Britain has an army in this country of little more than 20,000 men. (Hear, hear.) With al the great exertions which the Government could make the other day, and with all the military display at Chobham, what did it produce? The first division consisted of 8,000 men, and the reserved division consisted of 8,000 men, but they could not assemble their 16,000 men at one time at the camp at Chobham. (Cheers.) Well now, supposing we follow Mr. Cobden's advice and the opinion of the Peace Society, which I most perfectly respect, and that. their views are perfectly right—(applause)—if you can pos sibly carry them into execution—(laughter)—but, suppose we have only an army of 20,000 men, and the French have an army of 400,000 or 500,000 men, which there is no doubt they have ; and that with only this small force a quarrel arise between France and us. My friend will per. haps tell me that we have no right to quarrel, and there i no necessity for it, that we might live at peace, and must be persuaded to keep the peace. But should it unfortu nately happen that we are not at peace, what is to prevent the French from embarking any number of men they thought fit, from seizing our stern boats, and from coming over to our country ; and, let me ask, how are we to defend ourselves? (Cheers.) Are we to be laid bare and open before all the world ? Are all our men and women to be exposed to the French army, or any of her army that may come over here ?—because quarrels and misunderstandings will take place. We have seen them take place, and that not long ago; and I will explain what did take place at that very time to which I refer, and which will show you dangers which you were not perhaps aware of. I read this morning a speech of my friend Mr. Cobden, in which he gave you a very amusing relation that is quite true. He supposes that a gentleman had left this country a year ago, and who, when he left, had seen the militia called out, because there was a talk:of a French invasion. He goes out to Australia, and never reads a newspaper till he has made a circuit of the world. On coming back, how astonished he is to find the English and French fleets, lying side by side, with their broadsides to each other, but not for hostile purposes, but entertaining each other in the most amicable manner possible. But what caused that ? It was the unjustifiable quarrel which Russia had against Turkey. (Cheers.) I will accompany Mr. Cobden first to Australia with another friend. Suppose another friend goes to Australia in the same vessel, and that previous to his going he had been in the City of London Tavern, and had heard Mr. Cobden talk about crumpling up Russia like a piece pf brown paper, and if, from the period he had left till he returns home, he had never read a newspaper, and that the first thing he sees is that Russia is very quietly walking into the two Principalities, what would he , think of that ? He would think, at all events, that they had not been crumpled up. (Loud cheers.) Mr. Cobden had been trying to-night to explain away what he had said then ' • and he had great power in making you believe almost anything he chose. (Laughter.) After stating that naval and military officers had no cause to be fond of war, seeing the great risk they ran, the gallant Admiral said, I will now tell you exactly the position in which the English and French fleets were some years ago, es Mr. Cobden had informed you that they were now lying peace ably beside each other in Besika Bay. It is just twelve years ago since they were lying in Besika Bay in the same peaceful manner. We were lying cheek by jowl appa rently on the most f r i en dl y t erms ; but while that was the case what were the French doing but meditating to destroy our fleet — Mr. COBDEN—Then why go there again ? Sir C. NAPIER—My honourable friends asks me why we should go there again to lie side by side. That is another question ; but let us look at the exact state of matters at the period to which I was referring. France differed with the allied powers about the last Eastern question. Whether we were or were not right is not now the question ; but France differed in opinion from us. She withdrew her fleet from Besika Bay to Toulon ; she increased her fleet by the enormous means she has in her power to twenty sai of the line. With the greatest exertions we could possibly make we have mustered no more than fourteen or fifteen sail in the Mediterranean at the moment France had 20. It was contemplated by Monsieur Thiers, who was then at the head of the French Government, to surprise the British fleet, and thus to save Mehemet Ali, who had also a large fleet at Alexandria. It was Sir Robert Peel who said he had three courses to follow. Now, one or other of these courses would have been at least destructive to us. The first course was to bring the twenty sail of the line to Alexandria to enclose the Turkish fleet, and to drive us from the coast, and had he done that he would have accomplished his object and have relieved Mehemet Ali. Then as to the second course. He was lying at Toulon a full month or six weeks in advance of us. The whole force we had was 15 or 16 sail of the line in the Mediterranean, dispersed all over the coast. We could not move a single line-of-battle ship in England. Now, I ask the ladies and gentlemen here assembled what would have been the situation of this country in case of a war, with the French fleet at Cherbourg, and with not one single ship in this country manned ? . What was there to prevent the sending an army of 50,000 or 60,000 men over to this country, and who would have defended you ? (Hear.) Would our 10,000 or 15,000 troops do, because we had no more ? And yet my hon. friend has still a wish to disarm this country. In consequence of the remonstrances which he and the Peace Society made to Lord John Russell and the Whig Government iu 1848, they succeeded in diminish* ing the fleet to almost nothing ; and I believe that the Em peror of Russia would never have attempted this aggression against Turkey if we had a fleet at the time who could have said, " Keep the peace." (Cheers.) My hon. friend talks of economy. Let me ask him where is the economy? In 1848, through his exertions—l give him credit for it— (a laugh)—for he can almost do anything he undertakes, particularly with the Whig Government—(laughter)—in 1848 he succeeded in diminishing the English troops by 5,000 or 6,000, and in getting paid off six or seven sail of the line for two or three years ; and these ships were put in ordinary after they had been full manned and full disci plined, and ready for whatever might occur ; and what happens ? Why, we were just again, in the course of two years, about to recruit the army ; the Whig Government was afraid of my hon. friend, and it was the Tory Govern ment (I give them credit for it) who were bold enough to come forward and tell the country that it was necessary to increase the army and navy, and they carried the proposi tion through the House of Commons, I may say with accla mation. My hon. friend, I remember, made a speech on the occasion, stating that he would not resist the proposi tion, because if the Ministry asked for 20,000 men he be lieved it would be carried with acclamation. We have now a decent and respectable force. (Laughter and cheers.) But my hon. friend has spoken of what France has done, and what we have done, and gives us a rebuke. He says we began with the war steamers. My hon. friend is mis taken. The French began erecting war steamers long before us, and we were obliged to do the same. The same thing took place in regard to screw steamers. It was the French land not wo who began them ; and we got so frightened about the matter, seeing what our neighbours had done, that the Government set vigorously to work, and we have established now a screw force which I believe will ensure to the country perfect security and safety. And if the people of this country do not choose to pay an insurance for their safety and protection, let them come forward with the Peace Conference and petition the Government to destroy the army and navy, leaving the protection of the country to whoever chooses. I cannot, however, bring myself to believe that the people of this country—that the people of Scotland, on the whole of whose coasts from the far north to the Tweed, there is hardly a gun mounted to resist the smallest gun-boat that chooses to attack them— I can hardly believe that they will adopt any such course. (Cheers.) Is this the position in which this great country ought to be left in ? And I also say, that unless you have and keep up a proper force so long as other nations keep up large forces, we cannot be safe for one single moment. Now, we come to the great question which is agitating Europe at the present moment. I have not the smallest doubt that we remonstrated with Russia when we under stood that she was going to attack Turkey. You may re member that our minister at Constantinople called upon the admiral in the Mediterranean to come up immediately to Constantinople. The admiral declined going there, and I think most properly. At that time, through my hon. friend's exertions, our navy was reduced to nothing. We had not two ships in England, and Russia had a fleet of 27 sail of the line at Cronstadt. I do not say that that fleet was manned by first-rate seamen ; but, I regret to say, no more is our fleet at present. But Russia had a fleet, and we had nothing. We, therefore, wisely ab stained from doing anything till we got ourselves placed in a proper position. (Hear, hear.) Still, however, if our Government had shown more energy after we had got our fleet in a proper state of preparation—if we had said to Russia, if you cross the Pruth we will send our fleet to Cronstadt, and our fleet combined with that of Frances my own opinion is that Russia would never have crossed the Pruth. (Cheers.) Now, Russia has crossed the Pruth, and I want to know how you are to get her back again. From the season of the year Russia will gain time, and unless the Government of this country and that of France take some energetic measures for turning her out, she will am probably stay where she is. Don't suppo se t w i s particu larly friendly to the Turks. I do not care if the Turks were across the Bosphorus to - morro w ; bu t I I don't to see their place taken by Russia. (Cheers.) I think it will be the most unfortunate thing for Europe at. large an d for this country if Russia gets the Christian. population of Turkey under her dominion After show ing th e great extent of country over which Russia w ou ld n that case bear sway, and stating that if she succeeded Russia would exclude this country from the Baltic and the Mediterranean, he said that this country was bound t o do everything in her power to prevent Russia moving further, and to drive her back again. (Cheers.) In that case this country ought to insist upon the Turks paying more attention to the Christian subjects in this country than had hitherto been the case, and ° f u lfilling all the p rom i ses they might make (Cheers.) Sir Charles, in c onc l us i on, expressed it as his opinion that if France and England did not come forward hand in hand, and the other nations of Europe , to prevent the hos tilities betwe en R uss i a and Turkey no y man would see the last of that war. He also stated that he was as fond of peace as any one could be, although he was not one of those who woLlel support non-resisting opinions, and re sumed his seat am id loud and reiterated applause. The gallant admiral immediately left the meeting. Mr. BRIGHT, M.P., said the admiral said that the mem ber for the West Riding, who could do everything— (Hear, hear, and laughter)—persuaded a feeble government to red uce the armaments of this country to nothing. Is 15,000,0001. a-year nothing? (Applause.) We are against intervention. Now, this question of intervention is a most important one, for this reason, that it comes before us sometimes, and asks us by all our love of freedom, by all our respect for men struggling for their rights, to interfere in the affairs of some other country ; and we find now in this country a great number of those who are calling out loudest for interference are those who, being very liberal in their politics, are bitterly hostile to the despotism and ex clusiveness of the Russian Government. (Cheers.) I should like to ask this meeting what sort of intervention we are to have ? Mr. Bright went on to combat the argu ment that if Russia got to Constantinople he would be at Egypt, and we should not be able to go the overland jour ney, by saying, that though he did not believe there was the slightest possibility of anything of the kind happening, yet, under any circumstances, he did not believe it at all likely that we should have our mails stopped, or persons , arrested in passing through Egypt on our way to ,India; but at all events it must be a much more definite danger which would drive him to incur the guilt, the suffering, and the ruin of war. In reply to some who said that Russia would get to India, he said it was far were likely that we should invade Russia from India, than that Russia should invade India. Mr. Bright concluded 'amidst loud cheering, by enforcing the Christian o bligations connected with the maintenance of peace. 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