The Sun. — London, England, 1853-08-01 00:00:00

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. Charles Kean. THIS EVENING, Aucuer 1, Will be performed THE DAY AFTER THE WEDDING. Sup ported by Mr. and Mrs. W. Lacy. After which, Lord Byron's Tragedy of SARDANAPALITS. Principal characters by Mr. and Mrs. C. Kean. To be followed by CHESTERFIELD THINSKIN. Characters by Messrs. Harley, Meadows, Addison, and Miss Vivash. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI. PrePristar, Mr. B. Webster —Directress, Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, AUGUST 1, Will be performed GENE VIEVE. Characters by Messrs. Parselle, Callenford, Woolgar, Leigh Murray, Hastings, A. Wigan, Paul Bedford, Keeley, 0. Smith, and C. J. Smith; Miss Woolgar and Mrs. Keeley. After which, will be presented SIR DANAPALUS. To be followed by THE CAMP AT CHOBHAM. To conclude with JOHN JONES. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Farren, Great su -cess of the New Drama. THIS EVENING, AUGUST 1, Will be performed the New Drama entitled THE TIMES. Charac ters by Messrs. Farren, T. Mead, H. Marston, William Ferran, G. Cooke, and Shalders; Mesdames Anderton and Bartlett. After which, an entirely New Burlesque, by Francis Talfourd, Esq.. entitled SHYLOCR, or, THE MERCHANT OF "VENICE PRESERVED." Shylock, Mr. F. Robson. To conclude with THE WANDERING MINSTREL. Jem Bags, Mr. F. Robson. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke. MOST PARTICULAR NOTlCE.—Notwithstanding the eontinued success attending the Grand Military Spectacle of the Battle of Waterloo, which can only se witnessed at this National Estab lishment, Mr. W. Cooke is determined to present his patrons with an uninterrupted chain of novelty, and begs to announce in Prepara tion a Splendid Spectacle on a Classical Subject never attempted, and will be produced on a scale of splendour hitherto unprecedented. N.B.—Those who have not yet seen this glorious Dramatic Spec tacle are requested to make an early application for places. MAGNIFICENT SCENES IN THE CIRCLE. THIS EVENING, AUGUST 1, And during the week, the Performances will commence with THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO. To be followed by N r. W. Cooke's matchless Scenes in the CIRCLE, introducing Mr. Alfred Cooke (the Premier Horseman) on Four Fiery Counsels. Concluding every evening (except Monday) with (70th time) THE CHASE ; or, LIFE ON THE TURF, with a real Fox Chase. This Evening, August 1, the entire receipts will be given by Mr. W. Cooke to the Sufferers at the late Fire at Rosemary Branch Gardens. Doors open at Half-past Six. 130 x-office open daily from Eleven to Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. west. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. Engagement of Mr. J. W. SHARP, the celebrated Comic Vocal THIS EVENING, AUGUST 1, PANORAMIC VIEW of CfIUSAN, Promenading Elephants, Splendid MENAGERIE. and Instrumental t'oncert. Two Songs by Mr. W. Sharp, viz., Comic Scena, " Uncle Tom's Cabin," and" Jokes for 1853." Various amusing novelties, concluding with the wonderful exhibition of THE FEAST OF LANTERNS, brill ant display of F i , ;WORKs , and EX PLOSION of CHINESE FIRE SHIPS Admission Is. \.R.—To-morrow (Inesday) a Benefit in ed of the R a il way awards' Widows' and Orphans' Fund, on which occasion Miss Poole wid render her valuable services. DAILY WEATHER TABLE. --4181•-------._.. MONDAY, AUGUST 1, 1853. Stale of the wind and weather at each of the following laces e.t nine o'clock on Saturday morning. The stations a an angel in order of latitude. PORTSMOUTH—W., strong breeze—cloudy. SOUTHAMPTON-IV., strong breeze—partially cloudy. BASINGSTOKE—N.W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. GREENWICH—S.W., gentle breeze—overcast. STROOD—S. W., gentle breeze -cloudless. SWINDON—W., fresh breeze—partially cloudy. CAMBRIDGE —S., strong breeze—partially cloudy. YARMOUTH—S.W., strong breeze—partially cloudy. The returns from the following places indicate the state of int, weather on Friday moaning at nine o'clock : PORTSMOUTH—W., strong breeze— cloudy. SOUTHAMPTON S.W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. FOLKESTONE--S.W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. TUNBRIDGE—W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. BASINGSTOKE—N.W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. GREENWICH—S.W., gentle breeze—cloudless. STROOD—W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. SWINDON—W., fresh breeze—partially cloudy. CAMBRIDGE—S.W., gentle breeze—cloudless. YARMOUTH—S.W., gentle breeze—cloudless. II IGII WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Ism DAY —Morning 18 min. after 11 1 Evening 0 min.aft. 0 1041 Row—Morning 53 min. after 11 I Evening 21 min.aft. 12 THE WEATHER.—Sox OFFICE, JULY 31. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 70—highest since noon yesterday. 54 —lowest this morning and during the night. 69—this day at noon. BAROMETER, 30'06. WIND N W.—Fine. AUGUST 1. 72 highest since noon yesterday. 61—lowest this morning and during the night. 73—this day, at noon. BAROMETER, 30'01. WIND, S.W.—Fine. THE PUBLICATION OF at length be answered by the entrance of the British and French fleets into the Dardanelles. Europe will have less reason to lament those insolently aggressive acts on the part of Russia, which can not any longer be tolerated, with a loss of both influence and reputation. Hitherto we have re marked a certain consistency in the criminal policy of the AUTO CRAT — a steady advance from one political crime to another, from the project to the sened, from that to the note, thence onwards to the ultimatum, and the crown ing of all those acts of turpitude by the issuing of this decree, interfering with the rights of the Danubian Principalities. As ever, the world witnesses how one wickedness leads, as by consequence, to another. Did not SENECA write, per scelera semper sceleribus certum est iter ? And has it not proved precisely thus with the AUTOCRAT. That steady progress of his in the development of a lawless and criminal ambition must at length be resolutely interrupted. Before another fortnight has elapsed the CZAR must have accepted, unconditionally, the altimatissimum sent by the Four Powers on the 24th ultimo to St. Petersburgh, or war must be declared between Russia and the rest of the great nations of Christendom. Any avoidance of this alternative by France and England—and they will have lost the glory of their reputation ! " That all is not gold which glitters" has been the painful experience of many an emigrant to Ca lifornia and Australia, it is, however, worth while for intending emigrants tobear in mind that the con verse of the old proverb is equally true, and that much is gold which does no t g li tter. There is nothing very brilliant to the eye in navvy-work, i n " lumbering" timber, and in working land, cleared from the forest, amidst stumps of trees, with a log cabin for a farm-house ; yet the gold of California and Australia appears to find its way to the toilers in these Canadian occupations, and in quantities which make the possessors richer in proportion to the cost of living than the great majority of those who resort to the Gold Regions. The latter appears, indeed, to be the land of gam bling work, while Canada holds out a sure prospect of competency and comfort to the industrious and sober man. Vast fortunes may, no doubt, be made in a few days or weeks by those who get into a lucky hole, or light upon a few monster nuggets ; handsome earnings may also be realised by a fair number, but a great many are utterly unsuccessful, and must turn their hands to work ing for wages, enormous wages it is true. But all the Australians, whether lucky or unlucky, or earning extravagant wages, must pay almost fabu lous prices for the merest necessaries and conveni ences of life. In Canada, on the contrary, for those who are able and willing to work, if there are no prizes, it may be truly said that there are also no blanks ; work is abundant, workmen are well paid, provisions and other necessaries are reasonable in price, and every good and sober workman may command all the comforts he re quires,,can become in reasonable time a proprie tor of his own farm, aud, above all, can see his way clear to full and profitable occupation for his children for generations to come. This we regard as oneof the great recommendations of Canada. It is a splendid country, regularly and energetically, but profitably, developing. It is ascertained by actual survey of the Ottawa and its numerous tributaries that if double the present supply of timber were demanded, it could be furnished for 500 years to come, while the land adjacent is magnificent for agricultural purposes. Canadian timber, corn, and flour will be needed in Europe for years, it may be for centuries hence ; meantime, railroads and other Government works are now proceeding with spirit, providing immediate work for a large number of hands, and likely for years to do so, for the spirit of improvement is steadily advancing. Index), Canada, under self-government, is fast rivalling the United States, in " go-a-head" but solid prosperity ; while it enjoys the proud dis tinction and contrast of being the land of the free, alongside the great Slave-Republic. On the north of the St. Lawrence, and the splendid lakes from which it flows, man is man—on the south side, a thing, a chattel. The kidnapper and the slave-catcher roam unhindered, aided and abetted indeed by republican laws, from the Gulf of Mexico to the Canadian waters, but there these demons, baptized by Christian names, must stop, and must lay down their whips and fetters ere they dare set their feet on the sacred shores of Liberty. Canada is in truth to America what Britain is to Europe ; it is the living protest against despotism (a despotism infinitely more relentless and barbarous than any in Europe) and the asylum of the fugitive from oppression. How can a Briton fail to prefer it ? Mr. RONEY, whose deeply interesting letter, which appeared in the Sun of Wednesday, has suggested these observations, tells us that the wages of labourers are 4s. British per day. That for ls. the labourer can enjoy meat twice a-day, and, allowing is. for other expenses, he eau have 2s. clear profit left upon his day's work. This makes it quite plain that a sober and careful man, beginning with plain work, may in a few years find himself able to take a small farm, and gradu ally, with his own labour, and ttat of his rising family, to become a substantial yeoman. Mr. RONEY found, indeed, one instance of a coach- " THE SUN" COMMENCES EVEMY AFTEENOON AT THREE O'CLOCK, AND THE LATE OR THIRD EDITION, CONTAINING THE DEBATES IN PARLIAMENT THE SAME EVENING, With all other Armes arriving up to the hour of Post, AT SEVEN O'CLOCK. EXPRESS EDITIONS will be forwarded after the Post is closed by the Latest Trains. Z I 4 •", -. 4 , -,0,*_.-.E.z..',.:-' lax LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 1, 1853. Again has the Eastern Question,- already, one might conceive, sufficiently entangled, become suddenly, and this time to all appearance inex tricably, complicated. Again, moreover, has the additional complication arisen from the arrogance and duplicity of the AUTOCRAT. A decree, it ap pears, has been unexpectedly issued by him, pro hibiting the Hospodars of Moldavia and Wallachia from paying any further tribute to the SULTAN, their lawful Suzerain, forbidding them even to continue any intercourse with the Government of Constantinople. By issuing this extraordinary and most unjustifiable decree it is, of course, almost needless to show that the CZAR has again been guilty of a most heinous and flagrant breach of faith towards the great powers of Christendom. For it must be remembered that it is, in effect, in open contravention to the engagements entered into by Russia through the proclamation of Prince GORTSCHAKOFF'S proclamation, a proclamation Pledging the CZAR to refrain from any direct or in direct violation of the constituted authorities in re ference to the interim administration of the Danu bian Principalities. Nevertheless, in the face of that solemn promise, the Emperor NrciroLes has, ab ruptly as we have just intimated, forbidden the Hospodars of Moldavia and Wallachia to pay any tribute he nceforth to Asn-me-IVIED,un, their law ful Suzerain. An interference with the rights of Turkey, with th e laws of Europe, and with the internal affairs of the Principalities ! As a natural consequence of this despotic man date on the part of the AUTOCRAT, we find that the SULTAN has at once co mmanded the two Hospodars to hasten from their respective capitals, Jassy and Bucharest, to Constantinople. It is added by our despatches that immediately this peremptory order has been complied with by the Hospodars, the British and French Consuls in the two cities will strike their flags forthwith —the lawful autho rities in Moldavia and Wallachia being then superseded by the lawless power exercised under the i n vading banners of the AUTOCRAT. A. pro ceeding, indeed, of this decisive character can alone be anticip ated even in the eve nt of those consu l ar agen ts of France and England exerci s i ng ctory discretion. The result must a merely perfun therefore inevitably be war—war with the drawn sword and the thrown -away scabbard—unless hostile proceedings be prevented by timely intel ligence from St. Petersburgh. Theres p t a ill cifi r c e a m tin. a o ins this chance of a tardy and honourable It is still possible that before the 10th of this present August we may learn that the CZAR has acceded to the proposal forwarded on the 24th ultimo to his capital by agreement of the British, French, Austrian, and Prussian plenipotentiaries. It is still possible, in other and plainer terms, that the ultimatissimum despatched by the Four Powers, yesterday se'nnight, from Vienna, towards St. Petersburg, may be accepted by the Russian Government. Any evasion of those proposals, any attempt made by the CZAR to shuffle and procrastinate, must lead at once to warfare—particularly after this flagrantly unjustifiable decree in regard to the internal affairs of the Moldavian and Wallachian pr i nc ipalities. The passage of the Pruth will then driver who is now worth 1,0001. and owns acapital farm, who came into the district in 1841, with only a dollar in his pocket ! How much more likely is such a man and his family to retain industrious and prosperous habits for many years to come, than the lucky gold-finder who be comes rich by chance or speculation, and whose dealings in the most common articles of life are also at speculation prices. The " lumbermen," or timber-cutters, earn also never less than a dollar a day, and as their skill increases get a d o ll ar an d _ _ a half ; that is, from four to six or seven shillings. It appears from Mr. RONEY'S account, that a sur prising change takes place in the Irishman when he gets among ' the lumberers"—" From the moment they begin eating good and abundant food, not only the muscular frame, but also the intellect, expands ; and no one who has not seen the contrast between the downcast, ill-fed, and ragged Irish peasant in his own country, and the same man, after even a few months' residence in these provinces, could believe in its complete ness." While, therefore, with Mr. RONEY, we can hardly persuade any man to leave the land of his fathers, it is impossible not to wish that the peasantry of Ireland may continue to throng to a country which so completely renovates him ; a country, where the case of the coachman just mentioned, is so far from. being extraordinary, that nearly all industrious and temperate Irishmen (the latter requisite being quite as important as - - the former) were found to be more or less in the same position. What equal chance of rising in life have the great bulk even of our well-paid workmen in England ? It really appears as if the cry ought now to be, " Canada for the Irish." It seems to be, as Mr. RONEY observes, " their true California." We commend one fact to the diligent study of Sir Harry Inglis and all who shudder at the thought of the Canadian Legislature secularising the Clergy Reserves which are now in their own power. ",Godliness" in Canada does really not appear after all to depend on these litigat e d endow ments. " Wh enever a di s t r i c t i s a b out to b e arrangements are immediately made settlement, worship, and chapels and churches the having set t r invariably spring whilsttlp wit heclch the rel i a i o o t u h s e rd denomination o o n f supports (and respectably supports) the clergymen, of its persuascoioz p. eten S t uch is the testim on y o f a most highly an d impartial v.al u e to ev witness. ery i n d T e .. t Useful i n th e d e b ate ; b ut not com too to la n te lat t e o t b o e be o of great pendent thinker in many d e b ates which w - e shall yet have on colonial church matters, an d per h aps on church matters nearer home too. The Courts of Common Law (Ireland) Bill, which had been introduced by the late law officer:, of the Crown for the sister kingdom, and which received so much discussion and calm and atten tive consideration in the House of Commons, has at length been read a second time in the House of Lords. We regret to find, however, that it will not be permitted to pass into a law in its THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 1, 1853. FRANCE. • TURKEY AND RUSSIA. • . The special courier from Constantinople has ar rived with despatches of the 20th inst. The conferences are progressing favourably, but nothing has been definitively settled. The Porte wishes Russia to evacuate the Princi palities, and proposes simultaneously to send an ambassador extraordinary to m-open diplomatic negotiations. The Divan is again exposed to the possibility of a Ministerial crisis. Resehid Pasha retains office. Conferences will be opened at Vienna with the consent of Russia. Austria will then act as mediator between the Western Powers, Russia and Turkey. America has offered to the Porte money and active forces. The fleet on the Bosphorus has lately received several reinforcements. It now consists of two three-deckers ' one 90 gun ship, on e 78 ditt o, one 74 ditto, one 60 ditto, four 52 ditto, four averaging from 36 to 44, four corvettes averaging 22 guns, six 18-gun brigs, one steam screw of 26 guns, four steamers of 22 guns and 450-horse power, and 16 corvettes unarmed. There are about 12,000 men and 1,200 guns in all. This fleet is provisioned for three months. The health of the men is extraor dinary, but their position near the villages of Buy ukderi and Therapia, where a cool breeze constantly tempers the summer heat is perhaps the healthiest in the world. Each man receives per diem 300 drachms of bread, 60 of rice, and 60 of meat, be sides a liberal allowance of a variety of vegetables, with olives. Their drink is water. The sailors and marines of the fleet have hitherto been regu larly paid. Recruiting is being carried on in Russia at a greater rate than ever since 1848 ; previously, one, two, or at most three per 1,000 were taken ; after 1848, this was raised to from four to six. The last conscription being last autumn, and ended by the beginning of this year, and now there is a fresh conscription called for, to the unprecedented ex tent of 10 men in 1,000. The numerous and rapid journeys of the Emperor's adjutants to and from St. Petersburg had for the most partlthe accelera tion of these levies for their object. Formerly these conscriptions were made in autumn and win ter, when the men were not so much wanted in the fields ; but this time it has taken place in the midst of slimmer. The Constantinople correspondent of the Times, dated July 19, has the following :—" The last few days have been productive of no remarkable events beyond the arrival of instructions to M. Wil denbruck, the Minister of Prussia, to interpose the mediation cf that Power between the Czar and the Sultan. It is proposed to the IPorte to sign a note or convention, materially the same as that first offered, but worded differently, so as to spare as much as pos sible, the susceptibilities of the Porte. How far Prussian diplomatists have succeeded in this difficult task we are unable to say, not having seen the docu ment ; but from the nature of the thingit is clear that it would not admit of much modification from the original and objectionable sened. In return, the Em peror is to sign a note on his part disclaiming any intention of interfering with the sovereign rights of the Sultan. More than one Council has been held to consider this question of the mediation, but as yet nothing is determined - upon. The Divan is divided into two parties of almost equal weight and authority in the State, and both having great in fluence with the Sultan. Mehemed Rustchi Pasha, called the Mutergim, a man who by the force of talent has won his position from being a sub altern in the army to his present high rank, is avowedly for war, and with him is Fethi Ahmet Pasha, the brother-in-law of the Sultan ; while on the other hand Mustapha and Red schid Pashas are searching to find some way of solving the difficulty without having recourse to arms. The latter, we hear, eagerly embraces the proposals of Prussia. It need scarcely be added that the result of this mediation, shouldit be success ful, will be a triumph for .Russia, and for the future she will dictate every domestic question concerning the Greeks from the deposition of the Patriarch to ' the appointment of a parish priest. The movement of troops to different parts of the empire continues, and the expenditure appears to be of that reckless nature which shuts its eyes to the future. Several parcels of treasure coming from Persia have been taken by Government on the way, and checks on the Treasury given to the owners. The European merchants at Galatz, who have large sums due to them from Government, have not re ceived a single para for many months past. The troops travel by the steamers on credit, and the provisions for the army are likewise purchased on credit.': SPAIN. DISMISSAL OF THE SPANISH MINISTRY. Dispatches from Madrid, to the 27th ult., state that all the Ministers have been dismissed with th e exception of Moyano, the Minister of Finance. The fall of the Ministry was caused by th e quest i on of railways. The victory remained to Moyano, and all commissions already allowed are to be cancelled. Bourse.—Three per Cents., 44i ; One per Cent., 23i ; Certificates, ai. ITALY. Letters from Turin, of the 28th ult., state that Count Camillus de Cavour, President of the Council, kad been confined by illness to his bed for the last three days. The Piedmontese Gazette, however, announces that his illness was not serious. A funeral ceremony, for the repose of tho soul of King Charles Albert, was celebrated in the cathedral of Turin on the 27th, by Monsignor Rinaldi, Bishop of Pigneroles. Advices from Genoa of the 27th mention au in crease in the price of corn. A foreign house having sent an order for 30,000 measures of wheat to a Genoa merchant, who was shortly to receive double that quantity from the East, the latter refused to execute it. It was reported that Guerazzi had embarked for Corsica. M. Dagnino, editor of the journal Italia a Popolo , tried for a seditious libel, had b een acquitted by the jury. The Bavarian paper, Sion, has been confiscated by the police for having reproduced from another paper an article entitled "The Catholics in Russia." The official ,journal of Oldenburg, publishes a law authorising a loan of 140,000 dols., repayable in 20 annuities. LATEST FOREIGN NEWS. In Paris the Turkish question still maintains its claim to the exclusive attention of the public ; and the interest that so justly attaches to it will not undergo any diminution until the decision of the Cabinet of St. Petersburgh on the propositions now before it be ascertained. By this day week it is expected that something positive will be known. It is time, indeed, that this uncertainty should be at an end. There is scarcely any branch of indus try, general or in detail, which has not suffered, because the Emperor of Russia's religious zeal urges him to the protectorate of the Christian population of Turkey ; and the answer you meet with in the richest warehouses or in the humblest boutiques of Paris is, that sales are slow, and trade is paralysed, because no one can say whether we are to have peace or war. This is a state of things which cannot last much longer without it being followed by irreparable evil. The Minister at War leaves Paris on Tuesday, the 2d of August, for Dijon, in order to continue his inspection of the army in the departments. After having reviewed a part of the troops compri sing the 7th military division, in which the de partment of the Cote d'Or is comprised, he will continue his route to Lyons. He proposes visit ing the camp of Santhonay, where manoeuvres will be performed on a large scale. The Minister is expected to return to Paris on Friday next. The Moniteur publishes a decree authorising the Anonymous Company established in Paris under the name of the Grand Central of France Railroad Company, and approving its statutes. The price of bread remains the same as at present for the first fortnight of August. The Chaptal steamer arrived at Toulon on the 29th. She has dispatches from Constantinople of the 23d. At the market for Public Securities Saturday Rentes continued to improve in value. The Three per Cents. for cash advanced 25c., and for the ac count 40c. ; the Four-and-a-Half per Cents. for cash 15c., and for the account 10c. Bank Shares still maintain a steady upward movement, and were quoted 10f. higher. The following were the closing prices :-For cash : Three per Cents., 78f. 90c. ; Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 103 f. 50c. For the account : Three per Cents., 78f. 95c. ; Four-and-a- Half per Cents., 103 f. 50c. ; Bank Shares, 2860 f. Credit Foncier Shares remain unchanged, but Credit Mobilier rose 3f. 75c. They closed, Credit Foncier at 740 f., and Credit Mobilier, 932 L 50c. Except in Northerns, which fell 3f. 75c., the shares of all the leading railways advanced in price Paris and Orleans, 17f. 50c. • Paris and Strasb urg , sf. ; Paris and Lyons, 6f. 25C. ; Paris and R ouen, 7f. 50c. ; Lyons t o the Mediterra nean , sf. ; Western of France, 10f. ; Bordeaux and Cette, sf. ; Caen and Cherbourg, 2f. 50c. ; The last prices were :- Northerns, 876 f. 25c ; Paris and Orleans, 1,172 f. 50c. ; Paris an d St ras b urg, 938 f. 75c. ; Paris and Lyons, 940 f. ; Paris and Rouen, 1,112 f. 50c. ; Lyons to the Mediterranean, 767 f. 50c. ; Western. of France, 750'. ; Rouen and Havre, 505 f. ; Bor deaux and Cette, 637 f. 50c. ; Caen and Cherbourg, 620 f. MAGAZINE DA Y Blackwood.—lt is 'delightful, we all know, to hear some Old Salt spinning a yarn allput matters nautical. Scarceless less delightful is it to listen to some Old Smoker discoursing about tobacco— " rare, devilish, and damned tobacco," as it w as once apostrophised by B ur t on, the Anatomist of Melancholy. How we should have rejoiced to hearken to a gossip about the divine weed from the lips of Sir Francis Drake, its earliest English im porter ! How w e should have exulted in giving ear to comments on the virtues of its consumption from the tongue of Sir Walter Raleigh, one of the earliest of its British consumers ! A fig for that abominable " Counterblaste to Tobacco," penned by his Majesty King James I. of England ! A straw for Charles Lamb's "Farewell !" Whoever really enjoys the solace of the inestimable plant, loves it in spite of the scorn of Elia, and in defi ance of the extravagant wrath expressed against it by the Royal " Dad " of " Baby Charles" and the " Dog Steenie." Nay--more than this—in spite of all the abominable adulterations mentioned by Dr. Jonathan Pereira in his "Elements of Materia Medica and Therapeutics." According to which eminent authority it appears that tobacco some times undergoes adulteration in the process of manufacture from the use of the most motley ingredients, such as molasses, sugar, honey, rhubarb-leaves, beech-leaves, mosses, bran, sprouting-malt, beet-root dregs, liquorice, terra-japonica, rosin, yellow-ochre, fuller's-earth, sand, saltpetre, common-salt, and sal-ammoniac ! If there be any doubt as to the reality of this hor rible kind of wholesale and miscellaneous adultera tion, it is only necessary to examine at page 1,427 the aforesaid work, by Pereira, on "Materia Medica and -Therapeutics." After examining, which cata logue of abomination s , we still assert ° that the de lights of tobacco are still appreciated by its only true lover—the habitual consumer of the weed, whether by smoking, by chewing, or by snuffing. We are led to this reflection by a consideration of the open ing paper in the August number of Blackwoool--a chapter dedicated to a description of " The Nar cotics we indulge in." Within the limits of this interesting contribution are compressed an abundance of curious particulars in reference to the Hor and to TOBACCO, but especially, as will be observed, in reference to tobacco. It is remarked by the writer that the use of the plant has become " not less universal than civilization"—a strange way of expressing the fact, seeing that the use of it, according to his own acknowledgment, was originally traceable to the savage races in the, ages of barbarism. The man ner in which it is employed now, as he intimates in another part, is scarcely less various than the varieties of its flavour in its natural state, and after being duly manufactured. Many of the readers of Maga will be interested, we doubt not, in scanning the different morsels of information relating to tobacco here given for their instruction, and to some of them at least, we may add, for their delectation. It is startlinc , to learn, for ex ample, that the total produce of tobacco grown on the face of the globe annually amounts to the enormous sum of-2,000,000 of tons ! "So that," says the writer i n Eb ony, " th e to b acco yearly raised for the gratification of this one form of the narcotic appetite weighs as much as the wheat consumed by ten millions of Englishmen ! He having already remarked thzit " the wheat con sumed by the inhabitants of Great Britain (estima ting it-at a quarter a head, or in round numbers at 20,000,000 of quarters) weighs only 4,330,000 tons," or thereabouts. As comprising little clusters of elementary information on the subject, the fol lowing paragraphs may be found sufficiently inter esting for quotation : " For the smoker and chewer it is prepared in various forms, and sold under different names. The dried leaves, coarsely broken, are sold as canaster or knaster. When moistened, compressed, and cut into fine threads, they form cut or shag tobacco. Moistened with mo lasses or with syrup, and pressed into cakes, they are called cavendish and negrohead, and are used indiffe rently either for chewing or smoking. Moistened in the same way, and beaten until they are soft, and then twisted into a thick string, they form the pigtail or twist of the chewer. Cigars are formed of the dried leaves, deprived of their midribs, and rolled up into a short spindle. When cut straight, or truncated at each end, as is the custom at Manilla, they are distinguished as cheroots. " For the snuff-taker, the dried leaves are sprinkled with water, laid heaps, are allowed to ferment. They are then dried again, reduced to powder, and baked or roasted, The dry snuffs, like the Scotch and Irish, are usually prepared from the midribs—the rappees, or moist snuffs, from the soft part of the leaves. The latter are also variously scented, to suit the taste of the customer." Considering that the chemical ingredients of to bacco are some of them so deleterious, and even poisonous, it must be allowed, by even the most inveterate consumer, that it is remarkable the Use of the weed should be, in fact, as harm less as it is enjoyable. Those chemical ingre dients, 'or active substances are—first, a volatile oil ; secondly, a volatile alkali, so subtle a poison that it is declared to be scarcely inferior to prussic acid ; and thirdly, an empyreumatic oil, not ready formed in the natural leaf, but "produced along with other substances during the burning"—this latter sub stance being, according to conjecture, the " juice of cursed hebenon," mentioned in Hamlet, by Shakspere—an acrid narcotic, "so poisonous that a single drop on the tongue of a cat, causes imme diate convulsions, and in two minutes death !" Yet, notwithstanding this volatile oil, and this volatile alkali, and this empyreumatic oil, it is declared—hear it shade of Burton ! hear it ghost of James Stuart ! hear it spiritual-entity of Lamb !—it is declared by Dr. Christison, of Edinburgh that " no well-ascertained ill e f fects have been shown to result from the habitual practice of smoking." Beyond which the contribution to Maga remarks—" the practice of smoking is in itself, we believe, neither a moral nor a social evil ; it is merely the gratification of a natural and uni versal, as it is an innocent instinct." And so close we our reference to this pleasant chapter on Nar cotics, with thanks to the writer of it, and a beni son to Dr. Christison of Edinburgh. Three attrac tive reviews follow the opening paper. One suggested by MM. Weddell and Pavie, intro ducing us to certain particulars of " South Ame rican Travel and Adventure." Another, elicited by the recent labours of Mr. Forsyth, brings under notice simultaneously " Napoleon and Sir Hudson Lowe"—Jupiter and a satyr—the most illustrious and the most despicable of men— the Alpha and the Omega of the last historic gene ration. Another of the criticisms in, this month's Blackwood groups together a variety of amusing illustrations of what are now, like Falstaff's reasons, as plentiful as' blackberries, "New Readings of Shakspere." A clever epitome is next given of most of the facts yet known among Europeans in refer ence to " The Insurrection in China." Beyond all which, there is a last instalment of " Lady Lee's Widowhood," and a political article on "France in 1853," suggested by the brochure, so entitled, from the pen of the Marquis de Larpche• jaquelein. Fraser.—Several of the articles in the August number of Fraser will wile away an otherwise tedious hour satisfactorily, because fraught at once with instruction and amusement. Perhaps the most conspicuous portion of the magazine before us is that which is devoted to a 'criticism on Forsyth's History of the " Captivity of Napoleon at St. Helena," compiled from the letters and journals of the late Lieut.-General Sir Hudson Lowe. But in this it is with Regina as with most of her periodi cal contemporaries. Naturally enough, and as might be expected, the reviewer in Fraser adopts the old Tory notion of right and wrong as regards that most disgraceful chapter in the History of Mo dern Christendom. According to him—as according to the majority of the good folk bred up in the preju dices of the last generation—SirHudson Lowe acted from first to last in a mariner the most exemplary. According to him, Lord Bath urs t' s co l on i a l admin istration revealed throughout a policy worthy of being regarded as the guide of every future Go vernment. Dr. O'Meara of course comes in for a copious discharge of vituperation. Las Ceasas truth. a sas is spoken of as a d es pi ca bl e perverter o f h Gourgaud is m en ti one d on l y i n t erm s t the most contemptuous. It is th e o ld, o ld hatreds, th e story—the story fraught with the mos t miserable most paltry pr evar i ca ti ons , a nd the most piti able_ absen ce o f magnanimity.n Turn we f rom mind fraught with a subject alw a y s t o o ur poignant remorse to every right-thinking an d turn we from that brought ug tale t t o o ,. unprejudiced Englishman and tender r painful themo to the sw is ee t t hismonth " Bertha's Love," which _ is too speedy a conclusion... written delicacy of with truly exquisite sentiment, re counting an old sorrow enough, that of unrequitted love, but doing so in a manner rendered new by its alluring tenderness. It reveals the freshness of youthful energy from which we may hope to welcome many more extended and elaborated achievements. Fraser, this month, also is adorned by a brief but graceful memoir of the once popular, but now almost forgotten bass singer of the English school, the noblest of all the interpreters of the genius of Purcell—James Bartleman. A second paper is given upon the resources of " The Navy of France," and, as the leading review of the month, we have a criticism on Burton's " History of Scot land " from 1689 to 1748, in other words, from the Revolution to the extinction of the last Jacobite AM .eentleman's Magazine and Historical Re insurrection. Among the miscellaneous contribu- ! . —There a account of Ma tions not already mentioned, we observe a poetical v ie w. —There is very Interesting fragment of some merit from the well known h an d dame de Lo nguev i lle in this periodical, which give s of RI Hi acorae-weAtitled " Nero ; a ,Picture," and , a full des of the mimeo and customs of , .. The account of the war in China, and other periodical papers, are to be found, as usual, toge ther with monthly military and naval intelligence. Ainsworth.—Ainsworth commences, as usual, with " Nicholas Flamel," by the author of " Th e Confederates." " The Queen's Letter, an Episode of the French Revolution," of which the unfor tunate Marie Antoinette is the heroine, is con tinued. There is the usual amount of t a l es and sketches, thisn uomfbweihitchhe peoplethebest l l " Qu eer People." are " all r i g ht" In are introduced, and the author justly condemns them as the people who are usually "all wrong." Who does not know the annoyance occasioned, in moments of perplexity, by people who do nothing to remove difficulties, but silence all inquiries by the assertion of " All r i ght. " " Almost a Ghost Story" will amuse the lovers of the marvellous. T 1 - an d d 1 her time. She was exceedingly beautiful, , manners were elegant. She at first wished t i o, , a a convent, but was induced to try the ow r t. xri . soon became one of its most distinguishe d v ° t t 6 She was forced into a distasteful marriage a to , age of 23, and from that untoward circuolsed may be dated her ruin. It was not to be esP oo d her were so adverse to that she would control her fancies, when anal' It, was then the rule of the French court, i to c o . and to be pleased, to love and to be loved, tlj t j to )o sue what passion prompted, to enjoy wha t A c s o 0 principle and proprietY,',) allowed." She retired into a convent, 30 " dif f e last her early dreams were realised, but verl or rent from the fair and virtuous maiden I" ° l .' e tiP posed such a pl an , was t h e worn out 'poi' of vice and di ss i pa ti on, w h o sou ght in SF lo tence and auste r iti es t o exp i a t e her Sing ;ho the review of the lifo of Haydon, , i tho has recently appea re d, it i s o b ser ved t,taio' editor has not done j us ti ce t o th a t distingtub a to. dividual. His character is not done ja" c hf " Haydon wanted a Gi org i o V asa ri to has' e a tlil nicled his hist or y. H ow wou ld this 1 ,, v i00 biographer have. und ers t oo d th e hi g h asPc7lls!' of Haydon, his devotedness , energy, and g e r ,ctet In the course o f th ese remarks some very eh a— w id istic anecdotes are given of the painter, in 0, 4 his peculiarities are displayed. It is a curioustets that, out of one h un d re d and ninety-five P ai o no less than ninety- one me t with violent (leiter There are several other subjects worthY ef.,„ 3 eo tion in this month' s num b er —" The State -', 3 i - t y of Henry the Eighth," ~T he Prospero °' h ie Tempest," &c. In the obituary some biegrO ro ot of distinguished ch arac t ers are g i ven , which 3 interest to many. WRECK OF TEIE ARGYLE, AND LOSS Of FIFTEEN LIVES. ,J The barqu e A rgy l e , C apta i n Young master, %stell greater part of th e crew , h ave b een lost o ff the n e e tec shore of Newfoundland while on a passage to ` t , ll o ,tber' She spr ang a l ea k on the 19th May, in terrible w i ", and' he exerti ons o f th e crew of 19 men to re' 11 ,,,.:10 4 water by pumping were thrown away. Recourse "„ c higi to the boat s , but jolly-boat wen t adrift in 15 % C O Having obt a i ne d as much provisions and wate r be got at, the order was given for all hands t e „7 o pN r i the long boat. Th ey num b ered in alll7— eco:, sengers (two of them females), first and s i e" mates, eleven seamen, an d th e master. All he s readiness, the boat was pushed off amid a 110 , 3 'il0 1 ,; which every moment threatened to engull ) he . olor Within al hour after their leaving they sas s ' ` l , - e , go down head foremost. They kept the boat " t wind the whole of that night and part of the n e5 ,4 06 when they hoisted sail and made for a westerly "dog. On the third day their situation became 31 % 1 1 4 4 The water and provisions were exhausted ; the " c ioo° did all he possibly could to cheer the men ou, ° l OO and all laboured to make way by pulling at th i e lo wicg &c. The next day, however,, passed, and f el 'oith; night, with the succeeding eight days and nigh t '','„ e o! ( out sail appearing in sight. During that long sri w ou' time many miserably perished. On the sixth (- 13 ) 0 ',li t ; the crew died fr om wan t. O n t h e seven th, ';' c lie" Young lost his t wo ma t es ; t h e male hands het also on that day. Th e e i g h t h , several h a nds e e t teit delirious from drinking sea water to que nch f oit e thirst, contrary t o th e earnes t appeals of the "00 sot to touch it. O ne seaman, whilst in thi s f or leaped ove r b oar d an d was d rowned. The feol3le,tior sengers possessed ex t ror di nary const i tut i on s, ' o fot wise they mu s t h ave qu i c kl y sunk under t h e ir ` lo th privations. A heavy sea was continually running' strong westerly ga l es ; an d i t was as much a s thre e t ot could do by baling out the water to keep t h r e f ighi' afloat. On the evening of the ninth day their ,briP ful situation w as a t l engt h di scovered by a Frev, e ', v tiit' called the Harm on y, b e l ong i ng to St. Malo, 1 7 / 1(1 1 ; Preville, who, ob serv i ng at a d i stance the helplelnlete', tion of the boat, bo re d own t o i ts assistance an d up the wretched people in lat. 50, long. 32 W• 43 er, 0 condition when h au l e d on b oar d was truly awful-,1",„01 sensible and in a dyi ng s t a t e . Th e master o f the 3 ' g lilr placed every comfort he possessed at their disposal, '1 1 ,4 4 ing every possible remedy to resuscitate those wh °se ho t were in danger. Two, however, never rallied', it , shortly expired. Captain Preville lost no t i 4 , l lor making for Quirpon, a small port on the coast e ' s fed foundland, which they succeeded in gaining i rt , i , - KeP J days. By the last•accounts it appears that the se, of were fast recovering. They had been taken on u :',;Qr lB ; the government cruiser Chares, to be conveyed to P bec. In all, the num b er w h o perished amounted to be persons. The owners of the Argyle are reported insured. r DEPARTURE OF THE AMERIC AN MAILS.—.uI.- cE 10 56 SATURDAY.—This afternoon, about three o'el ec sDiP British and N or th A mer i can Royal mail s te3 , „jar Africa, Captai n H arr i son , sa il ed from the 31e,,r`;ate's New York, with th e usua l ma il s for the Un ited e ra, and British possessi ons i n N or th A mer i ca, 75 p asse i s e 013 and a large and va l ua bl e cargo of merchandif,len" freight. Her m a il s were carr i e d out in charge of J. Grant Raymond, R.N., Admiralty agent. s i ter ; PRESERVATION OF HAMPSTEAD-HEATH.— , tr y of day, at a numerously attended meeting of the St. Marylebone, held at the Court-house, the , f( )l,f , „ stead-health Enclosure Bill report from the committee appointed as to tRe „O P' netted with the preservation of Hampstead-hea,tl o o 3! Row, Kirby, public, was read:—" St. Marylebone, July 29, lv,,'" eli tl 4 our At the committee appointed - the Hampstead' on r 5. and on other mattrotlo Enclosur e Bill —present, tMr. George in the chair, committee report that they have considered the 1 b 1 Bingley, Bridgman, and Ilarlowe --- i O A I referred to them for extending Primrose-hill-0o of purchasing the Chalcot estate, brought to the no te A nd the vestry by Messrs. Twentyman and Latter 3 4o also a p ro j ect, i ntroduced by the inhabitants of Pviotil stead, for purchasin g a b e lt o f l an d of sufficient - ose for a road and spacious avenue of trees, for the P tl re 4 of formi ng a commun i cat i on between the groun d a 1 iotor belonging to the public at Primrose-hill and w sr s • stead-heath. Your comm itt ee , w i t h reference to hos° . Twentyman and Latters' proposal, consider that , ~r O O ever desirable in itself the having so extensive a P . j ce to close proximity to this parish, it would not be i11' 003 0 3 , other localities requiring such conveniences to pro that project ; but that with respect to the other Pru i t e ",,, s or by the inhabitants of Hampstead designed by Fr e t r ilfr Cockerell, it would effect, in their opinion, a grea t lie improvement, and would be the means of ° Hampstead-heath more accessablo to the inhabit° or this and other pari s h es , an d as t h e project ma y b, b ; tb e ried out at very i ncons id era bl e expense, it will „ duty of the vestry, i n th e op i n i on of your cominit;e;be' urge upon the Government the propriety o f the fti e try' ing immediately carried out, and recommend the 0! 1 , to appoint a dep u t a ti on t o th e respective M i n i s te the subject. (Signed) CLEMENT GEORGE, Chair j % The report was adopted unanimously. The c hairsl v to the committe e s t a t e d t h at i t was proposed to aP P' Government for funds to make the road. Co rn. INCOME TAX.--CLAIMS OF EXEMPTION.--The r e' missioners of Inland Revenue having established 3, r e' gulation limiti ng th e per i od for receiving claims for s of payment of i ncome t ax, on the ground of the incom e s parties bei ng l ess t h an 1501. a year, it is iniportant„ioo it should be known that persons desiring t o pr efer Toot of exemptio n , w i t h a v i ew to obtain a return e l v ~ril) duty for eith er o f th e two years ended the sth of 1852, and the sth of April, 1853, must dellver,,bio' claims to th e surveyors of taxes for the distr icts/0;0cl' they respectively reside on or before the 10th o ', f . 1 53 next, oth erw i se t h ey will not be admitted. It '''est3' necessary that th ose persons who have already a to blished their claims to exemption for past years, 3rj r , in' whom letters were sent b y the special commissioner s trutting them as t o th e mo d e i n which future claim s s h ou l d b e made, should als o p re f er any i c 100 Which th e y may now have on or b e f ore the 534%100' of Oct. next, in the forms so already supplied to wit and to b e f orwar d e d to the said commissionern, at , i don' office, No. 3, S omerse t- p l ace, Somerset-house, mi lt' diir .THE WELS H I RON AND C OAL STRIKES.--- 1 -Pd ertr, putes whi c h h ave ar i sen b etween the employers aT,' an d ployed at the Lly n fi wor k s h ave now been settle l e h as forges and mills ar e i n f u ll operat i on. The di s Pf e been a most p ro t rac t e d one, b ut the conduct of iLle.„oo has been most exemp l ary . At t h e Maesteg iron " 62 ,. in an advance of ls. has again taken place, making 'Ol Do the pound sinc e M arc h l as t. Th e workmen of .'„-:teAti ; have also had an a d va nce gr an t e d to them, and t; - „,s in of the men being paid thei r hard-gained earri—p'elve beer-shops as heretofore, for th e f uture they will re; t he their money in some more suitable place, sueh, i li e t schoolroom, or other large room. The men pea' thus so easily be thrown into temptation. The,, e d to, darren colliers having had th e i r demands acce de tbe have resumed their wo r k, b ut a strike is expectealiron other departments. Th e co lli ers at the Plymo uth ,hove Company have struck, in consequence of the woo advance being gra n t e d at Penydarren, but an a ln settlement is expected. laresr ol4 COLLISION ON THE LONDON AND NORTII— n oir RAILWAY.—An accident of an alarming character - D ear red on the London and North-Western Rail s "L'ore o ,, s the Weedon station, on Friday night. The / ' 0 "oe" train, due at Euston-square at 25 minutes past l'eded on p.m., left the north at the usual hour, and pro ant its journey towards London without meetino' w" w hen suddenly the engine -driver espied a luggage obstruction until it had arrived near Weed , ad trani bie pita vance of him, but at too short a distance to e a _ ven t to stop the express train in sufficient time to u pr ess p o. collison, and the consequence was that the ex,r_ r he d senger train ran into the luggage train, dem sev ers' . or three of the luggage vans, and severely shook eve s of the passengers. The broken vans were scatter ed . Jule w a s the to the metals, and all traffic on that portion of the for a time suspended. A number of men being l e g the the spot, went to work, and succeeded 1 in clearing untilline of all obstruction, but the train, which one 4. 3 reached London at 11.25 p.m., did not arrive no be an a.m. on Saturday morning. —lt ha s . STRANGERS IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. eha irrn , ' ; resolved that excet when Mr. Speaker, or the strangers rect, his order for the withdrawal of stranger a to strana7,...., a ly of a committee oft he whole bouse shall othser:vurisinegd:, division shall be understood to apply eying seats below the bar and in the front gallery, 0 . k b. shall be enforced by the Sergeant-at-Arms a d to wi ' t sand 6 draw, the clerk shall turn a two-minute 7, the inute s, door: That so soon as strangers have been directed be kept on the table for that purpose, t.. 1 w inutel i shall not be closed until after the lapse oft doors l e as indicated by such sand lass. That i x:L utes° 1 0 be closed as soon after thetapse of two 1u 0 „,,, Speaker or the chairman of a committee I 1391150 13114il think proper to direct. despatched to Regina, doubtless from the wilds of Australia. Colburn's New Monthly.—" fleware of the Cho colate of Chiapa," by Dudley Costello, is concluded, and so tragically does it end with murders and executions, that the reader will readily coincide in the warning conveyed in its singular title. "Literary Leaflets," by Sir Nathaniel, is devoted to " The pathos of Thomas de Quincey." A tale by the author of " The Unholy Wish," and en titled " The Self-Convicted," turns upon the dis covery of a murder. " Hunting in the Far West" will prove attractive to the lovers' of travel and adventure, for it recounts the pursuit of buffaloes and bisons in the prairies. " The Moors in Spain" is an historical article. No. V. of " American Authorship," treats of. George William Curtis, the author of "Nile Notes." The. last article in the present number contains the comprehensive sub jects of "Boston, Lowell, New London, Long Island, Clipper Line home." The poetical con tributions are not remarkable for merit. Bentley's Miscellany. —The clever slory of " As pen Court," which is a political tale of our own dap, in which the characters are not difficult to recognise, is continued. " Camps and Bivouacs," by Mrs. Ward, gives an interesting comparison between French and English military arrange ments. " India and its Administration," and " Russia, its Court and Cabinet," are articles on the two great political questions of the day. Some curious anecdotes of the Rajpoot customs are given in the former. An old woman was eating her dinner when some Mahomedans, walking through the village, happened to look in and see her. From that moment life was unendurable. To be seen eating by a Mahomedan was a disgrace she could not survive. She entreated her grandson to kill her. He, being a little wiser than his relative, refused. In his absence she beat her head against the wall until, on his return, he took compassion on her sufferings and stabbed her. " The insult," as Mr. Kaye observes, "is not very easily appre ciated. The only thing clear is, that if an old woman is so easily disgraced for ever, she had better eat her dinner where she cannot be seen." This is given as a proof of the difficulty of legislat ing for India and her singular inhabitants. " A Eailway Incident" is an account of the appalling circumstance of a gentleman travelling in the same carriage with an escaped lunatic alone. In the middle of the journey he suddenly sprung with up lifted knife on his astonished fellow traveller, and a fearful struggle ensued. The conclusion must have been fatal, but just as the victim was becom ing utterly exhausted, the train stopped, and he was rescued. This is recorded as a fact, and doubt less many can remember a similar incident which occurred a few years ago. In that case the threatened individual escaped by getting out of the window, and walking along the steps of the car riages. We can easily , undeistand the assertion given in the history before us, " from that day to this I have never entered a railway carriage with only one passenger." " The Last Years of the Emperor Charles the Fifth" is continued. That monarch was indeed mistaken if ho thought that in seekinc , the cloisters he retired from th e wor ld and sunk into insignificance, for the last years of no sovereign of the civilised world have been more chronicled and criticised. A sketch of the life of Lord Chesterfield accompanies his portrait. The Dublin University.- - " Sir Jasper Carew" is continued this month, and increases in interest. He meets with some singular adventures ; and to crown all his previous calamities, he wounds in a duel an important person, whose family are then high in authority. Owing to the influence of a friend in Paris, he receives warning, and wo leave him at the close of the last chapter planning an escape to England. "A Tale of the Third Crusade" is a very well written story, and is managed with. areat skill. It refers to the oft-told death of Con rad de Montserrat, who has met with so many va rious ends in the legends of romance and the tales of tradition. The description of the siege of Tyre is the best part of the story, and the character of Zaide is very consistent with her race and man ners. In the chapter on " Heroes, Ancient and Modern," Belisarius and Marlborough are com pared, and there are several points in which they resemble each other. Both were remarkable for their military talents ; both were unfortunate in private life ; after a career of honour and victory, each was accused of crimes and misdemeanours, each sunk into the grave overwhelmed by misery and misfortune. In the commencement of this paper some very explicit details are given of the battles of Belisarius, in which that general proved himself equally great in victory or defeat. In. "Midsummer Melodies" the poetry is very pleas ing. The following verses on " Youth" are among the best : YOUTH. " Oh, golden light of youth ! How pure and warm thou art, When Faith, and Hope, and Truth, Liko sunshine, flood tho heart. " Like Orient beams that creep Across the desert lone, And wake up tones that sleep In Memnon's form of stone— " So through our young lifo steals The light of love along, Till soon the heart reveals Its strange sweet joy in song. " Oh, gorgeous dreams of youth ! How glorious—yet how vain ! Fair visions, so like truth, They cheat the heart and brain, " As when the sun rays flow On mist-wreaths in the even, And make them blush and glow, Like angels fresh from heaven. " Thus bright are young life's dreams—. They fade when comes the oven ; And what celestial seems Are mists from earth, not heaven." United Service.—The state of the Russian army, is given i n f u ll ' interesting to all s it t s ati o s r t g i a e ni al s d a e ti t o a n il, a a n u d d dmisutristbpurtoiovne military men at the present eventful time. " The March to Tongo, by One of the Column," is very in teresting The only nlyprom t and decisive rom graphic sket c h o f Gene ralpSteel's : it is march. a a d va nce we know of. The Burmese are not so despicable a foe as we at fi rs t sup p ose d ; their palyra guns are rather remarkable in their con struction. A portion of the trunk of a palyra is hollowed out, and at one end a strong substance like closely cemented brick is fitted in, and secured with thongs of bamboo ; thi s forms the breeching, a vent hole is bored, and then the gnu further secured by strong thongs in several places, and then mounted on a wheeled crrriage, or fastened to a log or trunk of a t ree, as a fixture ; they fire very well, and only burst when overcharged. The column at length arrived at Tongo "The fort proved to be of immense size, five miles round the ramparts, walls built of brick, 20 to 25 feet high, ramparts 40 feet broad, and surrounded by a wet moat 40 yards broad. We found in the arsenal 16 iron and 8 brass guns, a great quantity of muskets and jinjals, an English buggy, gaudily painted green and red, with a set of harness accompanying,and two handsome how dahs of red and gilt! We were all quartered in the Shoongee, or priest's houses, close to the large pagoda, and were glad to have a little rest after our great exer tions. We had marched 240 miles through a country hitherto untrodden by Europeans, as although Litang and Shewa- geen were ta k en during the last war, yet the force that took them came by water, and did not march one inch of our road. We had to build numerous bridges, and in many places cut our way through the jungle ; the Madras sappers fully sustained their former reputation, an d E uropeans and natives were always eager to assist them in their difficulties. The conduct of th e w h ole march was ad mirable, and the general's arrangements to prevent plunder of the greatest political consequence ; supplies therefrom were readily obtainable, and the inhabitants now c ontemplate us as their saviours, they cannot at all understand such lenience from a conquering army. A fine field here presents itself to English capitalists : the enormous teak forests of Tongo are not far from here, and there is water carriage all the way to Moulmein : in a few years our dockyards might be filled with teak, and all our naval vessels built of it, saving an incredible sum of money to the Government, as a vessel of teak will last fully as long again as one of oak—principally, I believe, from the fact of there b • eing a quantity of oily substance in the former, which prevents the nails from corroding the wood. Enterprising English merchants would make fortunes in this trade in no time ; and as for mining, I should not be at all surprised if the kingdom of Pegu and the Jenasserin provinces would yield sufficient of the precious metals for the satisfaction of the most ar dent Californian digger. Promo is 170 miles from here, west by south." So far as as the provisions of the measure. are identical with the recommendations containe d in the Report of the English Commissioners above alluded to, and which, as the Lord Chancellor stated, have been embodied in a Bill, the draught of which was submitted for his perusal on the 14th ult., there is every reason to anticipate that they have only been postponed for a brief season. But the still more important questions of the verification of pleadings, the extension of the equitable jurisdiction of the Common Law Courts, the removal of the landmarks by which they are separated from Chancery, and, practically, to the fusion of law and equity, will not we trust be lost sight of, or consigned to the limbo of in choate reforms, without an energetic struggle for the attainment of the advantages thereby offered to Irish suitors. We should not greatly regret the delay, although its effect might be to transfer to other brows the laurels that have been so meritoriously won—ifit also led to the entire assimilation of the law and -pro cedure in the sister kingdom. It is difficult to assign any adequate reasons for the distinctions that have hitherto prevailed on either side of St. George's Channel. Why one code khould be in force in England and another in Ireland ; and why just demands should be enforced, or unfounded claims resisted by different processes in both countries ? Why should we render so very conspicuous these distinctions, the tendency whereof is to show that they are different kingdoms and different people ; and to prevent that full and complete union, that thorough identification of interests, which is so very desirable ? Render the union perfect, as it is, we hope, indissoluble ; and if we are induced to do so by the treatment of the present bill, the delay will be richly recompensed—will, indeed, be productive of no ordinary benefit to the people of the United Kingdom. As it is, however, its only effect is to render the cry of " Justice for Ireland " for once well founded. Why should the progress of legal re form in that country be checked and restricted, because greater timidity is evinced here ? Why should the Four Courts remain unpurified, be cause we are afraid to effect a thorough cleansing of Westminster Hall ? Lord BROUGHAM truly asserted that, "in many respects, the Courts in Ireland were half a century in advance of those in this country ;" and he spoke of "the satisfaction, mingled with admiration," with which he regarded "the course of legislation in the sister kingdom." Why, then, should we restrain the progress of that highly satisfactory legislation ? Why should we slight the exertions and despise the labours of the eminent men who have spared no pains to ameliorate the administration of justice and procedure in their native land, and give them just reason to complain of the lagging legislation in the Imperial Parliament ? Although the motives may be perfectly unobjectionable, it is possible that there may be found persons who will ascribe the delay to jealousy, and an unworthy desire to avoid receiving useful suggestions from the practice of the Irish Law Courts, and from measures intro duced by Irish Barristers. DEATH OF THE COUNTESS OF IVIINTO.—We regret to have to notice the demise of the Countess of Minto, which melancholy event took place at Nervi, in Pied mont, on the 22d inst. Her last moments were peace ful, and free from pain. Her ladyship, who was the eldest daughter of Patrick Brydone, was married to Lord Minto in 1806, and was the mother of Lady John Russell. DEATH OF LORD RIITHVEN.—This excellent nobleman died at Freeland House on Wednesday morning. The death was sadden, his lordship having taken some par riage exercise the day before, and walked in his garden in the evening. He was an excellent and indulgent landlord, and his treatment of his cottars was most con siderate and kind. To several of his tenants his lord ship was in the habit of saying, " Keep your cottages in order, and I shall never ask any rent from you." The piety of Lord Ruthven was evinced by his uniform attendance upon religious ordinances, and by his daily walk and con versa ti on. Lord Ruthven was born in 1777, and, consequently, died in his 76th year. Lord Ruthven has left no issue, and his estates will be in herited by his only sister, the Hon. Mrs. Hore, of Harperstoun, Wexford.—Perthshire Courier. APPOINTMENTS.—Mr. Louis Henry Meurant is ap pointed Resident Magistrate of Stockenstrom District, in the division of Fort Beaufort, Cape of Good Hope. Mr. J. Macleroy is appointed Registrar of Deeds at Natal, in South Africa. Mr. John Bird is appointed Chief Clerk in the office of the Colonial Secretary, and Clerk of the Council at Natal, in South Africa. NEW MONEY ORDER OFFICES. -- GENERAL POST. OFFICE, July, 1853.—Minor money order offices will be opened at the undermentioned places, on the respective dates named : England—Handcross, Sussex, August 1 ; Harrington, Cumbe r l an d, A ugus t 1. Ireland—Bon mahon, Waterford, August 6. Scotland—Kirkintilloch, Lanark, August 3 • New Galloway, Kirkcudbright, August 20. Llandilo and Llangadock, having been re duced to sub-offices under Carmarthen, are now served (as respects money order advices) from that place. MAIL CONTRACT STEAMERS.—Sir Jame Graham on Thursday announced that the Board of Admiralty has given a general notice to all companies, under contract for the conveyance of mails, that the contracts will henceforth be enforced with more rigour than heretofore. CASE OF THE BARONESS VON BECK—DERA v. DAWSON AND OTHERS.—We learn by telegraphic dispatch received this morning from Leamington, that this case, which was to have been tried a t th e Leamignton Assizes to day, is postponed till to-morrow, in consequenCe of the illness of the judge who was to have tried the case. The court was crowded to excess, admission being by ticket only. PROROGATION OF PARLIAMENT.—.The day at present fixed for the prorogation of Parliament is Thursday fort night, th e 1 8th instant, but it is not improbable that i the , pre ssure of business may rEnder it necessary to ex ,end the s e s s i on till Saturday, the 20th. Her Majesty, is understool, will prorogus the Parliament in person. integrity, but that there are already indications of its being seriously mutilated and curtailed of its fair proportions during its progress through Com mittee in the - Upper House. The measure itself had elicited the cordial and almost unanimous ap probation of legal reformers. It had proceeded vigorously, but, at the same time, cautiously. Not a single proposition had been advanced which had not been maturely weighed and and canvassed in all its details, and which, after the most stringent and searching investigation, had not a large preponderance of argument in its favour. But while there was a total absence of any rash or hasty legislation on the subject, there was likewise a want of that undue timidity which prevented any interference with ancient abuses, however clearly defined, merely because they were ancient. The able and energetic authors of the measure, Who were justly described by Lord BROUGHAM, as " men of consummate learning, great knowledge of the practice of the laws, par ticularly in Ireland, and of very great skill in the preparation of such bills," had not hesitated to invade the sacred precincts of the equit able jurisdiction whenever such a step was essential for the purpose of giving a cheap, an expeditious, and a complete remedy -to the suitors of the Superior Courts of Common Law. They had not hesitated in requiring some ;species of security against unjust demands and against vexatious actions, by requiring the verification of the pleadings by the oaths of the parties, and whenever the circumstances-of the case adniitted of such a course, they proposed legalising the assignment of choses in action. All that they have accomplished by immense labour, combined with great experience and high ability, which, .as we have already stated, was Successfully mrried through the House of Commons, having been closely scrutinised in all its branches, is to be post poned for another year. The measure is, it appears, to be divided' into two portions, one consisting of the exten'si on to Ireland of the principles last year adopt, ed in this country for the improved administrat ion of justice by the statute commonly called the Cora ,mon Law Procedure Act ; the other of stil 1 fur ther and more important ameliorations which have not as yet received Legislative recogl iition, although a large proportion of them have, since their introduction, been embodied in the E;ccond Report of the Common Law of the Commissioners of England. The first of these portions—namely, thee appli cation of the Common Law Procedure Act ,to Ire land is, it appears, to be carried into practiva 1 ope ration previous to prorogation, while the othk T part is to stand over " for further consideration." We trust, however, that the time and trouble a f the eminent practitioners who so ably and effia iently piloted the measure through the popular 13)..anch of the Legislature will not be wasted or n isap plied, but that, notwithstanding the present pro crastination, the good seed which has been. cast abroad may be suffered to bring forth its fruits in due season.