The Sun. — London, England, 1801-02-10 00:00:00

it is that which the best informed persons on the Continent entertain. The French Politicians have themselves even acknowledged the truth of it, by translating and commenting upon what we have written on, the' subjeet. The most important objetl to France itself is that which concerns the late conspiracy against ,the Chief Consul. Like the former plot, it had been ascribed to the Jacobins. Since that time, however, either its nature has been better under stood, or the Chief Consul, desirous, like the Direftory, of rendering both parties not less hostile to one another than they are to himself, has set it down to the account of some Royalists, and of our Government. We shall certainly not stop to refute this charge. No one can suppose that assassination ever entered into the plan of our Administration. It appears that these two Conspiracies, and the dis turbances -to which all parts of Ptance have been subjeCled; have made a lively impression on fite.Chief Consul, and that he has felt an urgent necessity for strengthening , his authority. All his measures appear to conduce solely to this end. The redaction of the number of. Justices of the ='eace',"the creation of Special Criminal Tribunals, the esOlishment of more than twenty 'Military Commissions, the Guards allotted to all the Pub lic-Tages, and the multitude' of skirmishes and arrests which have taken place in the diffe fent Departments, she at once .the extent of the evil, and the efforts which have been Made to re medy it. We have already had occasion suffici ently often to consider this subjed, to render it • • unneessary• for us to shew, as has been done in the Tribunate and Legislative Body, the difficul ty under which the Chief Consul will long labour in his endeavours to bring back the French to the habits of sacral and political order. • • • One. kiiishirgb Mad *remained due when this. Paper was put to Press. , • 1-I.Eit -MAJESTY and the IlitiNtzists, adorn partied. by LadrCAßoLr N WALD !GRAVE, came to .TOwn yesterday morning, ftorn The ICING arrived at five o'clock in the after noon. • ' Mr. ADDINC4CIN, it was expeEted, would this • evening fesign the Cl;dr of the House of Corn .:-and that .the House would immediately y • • erbetedro the Eleftion of a .new Speaker. ' , ,.on:Saturday :the Loup . MAYOR, Aldermen, and - Cominon Council, - &c. will pioceed from Guildhall at one• o'clock tp St . James's, to present their Address of Congratulation to His MA , • ' • , ItSTY on the important event of the Union of • Ireland with Great Britain. , • The Hereditary. Prince of ,Ws !MAR, is about • to be married to a daughter:of the EMPEROR of RUSSIA. He is only eighteen years of age, an d She is hut fourteen. • The last Letters from Vienna mention, that General LAUER is pensioned, and has. received orders to return to one of the Provinces. • Sir Bortz Rocs s bas resigned the place of Qentleman Usher at the Castle of Dublin, and STUART BRUCE, Esq. is appointed in his place. The Earl of FARNHAM is appointed Governor of the County of Cavan. Friday .the following Regiments were brigad ed on South.sea Common, by General WHITE- Loma :—The Corps of Artillery, 26th Regi. ment, Hereford and West Norfolk Militia, and Cornish Miners. They were attended by a Troop of Cavalry, who went through the broad_ sword exercise with great credit to themselves and satisfaetion of the spedators. On Wednesday evening a superb Ball was given in the ward-room of His Majesty's Ship . Satunt, at Spithead, and attended by inany very tespcdable inhabitants.of Portsmouth, and a nu. merous assemblage of Military and : Naval Offi cers. After dancing, the Company retired . to an . elegant cold collation. The Lord BisnoP of.LoNooN has appointed the Rev.. Jo n N VI"! mom nu, Fellow of Pembroke College, and Bachelor in Divinity, to be one of His Majesty's Preachers at Whitehall Chapel. CAmutinot.---The two Prizes of 2 . 51. each, given by the late Dr. SNITII, for the best proli emits in Mathematics - and Natural Philosophy, are this year adjudged to Mr. HENR Y MARTY N, of St.. John's College, and Mr. WI.LLIAM WOO D." ALL, of Pembrokc-hali, the first and second Wranglert; • MOliSit;pr MOUNTER, once Prebident of the National Assembly, Who presides' over the Li terary Academy at Weimar, is about to publish a • work upon the origin and causes of the FrenCh Revolution, which, from the known talents of the :.Author; excites great expe6ation. lie combats the theory of BAR. Iti):t7ls arid .Ro respcding the influence of thel . liliniire(t-iin producing this.ealan - i imitous event, • -while•.avthe same time he admits their existence "4.s' set,; • ~.• r , • GoErni has lately translated the IVlahomet of VourArßE With considerable success. He has just fihiSheit a translation of Tafierell, which is to he brou g ht forward in a few days upon the Weimar boards, PORTSMOUTH, FEB. 9. SAI LE D the Proselyte Frigate, with a Fleet of Transports, on a Secret Expedition. DE4L, FEB. 9. Hts Majesty's Ship Rub) sailed this morning for. Sheerness. The Speedwell Armed trig is arrived from Yarmouth Roads, and remains with the aver . yliel, Nemesis, and Racoon Sloop. SHEERNESS, FEB. 9. THE Rattle Gun-brig has gone out of Harbour to the Little Nore. The Lynx Sloop of War has gone from the Little, to the Great Nore. We are sorry to state,, that the Charming Molly hired Cotter foundered as she was coming from Marcou, and all the Crew perished.— Among these was Mr. HARROW, Purser of the Trent, who was coming passenger. The Purser and Gunner of the Cormorant, are arrived in the Childers, after being shipwrecked on a shoal near Rosetta. They were marched a distance of 700 miles from that place—through Damietta, Alexandria, and Gaza, to Cairo. The Officers were treated with great respell by Gen. KLEDER, and Capt. BOYLE dined with him the day before he was assassinated. Wednesday last, a Court-Martial was held on board the gladiator, in Portsmouth Harbour, on .•7ohn hohb;lls, belonging to th; Warrior, for striking a Boatswain's Mate.—The charge being proved, he was condemned to be banged. A valuable Fleet is daily expefted from List bon wider charge of the Aurora of 28 guns—i was appointed to leave the Tagus on the 2d in.. stint. The homiward-bouncl Jamaica Fleet was to sail from Port Antonio on the 25th January. The wreck of the Novick sloop of war was sold at Jersey on the yl instant, for the purpose of being broken up. FOREIGN INTEL-LICENCE. EXTRACT OP A LETTER FROM t7I , I , 'ER SAXONY, DATED JAN. 25, 1801. NOTWITHSTANDING the reports which are daily in circulation, respeling the signing of . Preliminaries of Peace bet veerr the EMPEROR and France, the most efleftual measures of defence which the Country admits of are continued in those parts of the Austrian dominions, of which the French are not yet in possession. Except, ' howeVer, the EmPEROR makes up his mind to resign his Capital. to the pillage of the Enemy, he seems to have no other alternative, than to - accept the hard conditions which are held out to him by his presumptuous and insulting foe. An . Armistice has been concluded in Italy, of which the Terms are not yet known. It is said, how ever, that Mantag and Pesehiera are to be deli , vered up to the French, and that the Austrian Army will retire behind the Etscb. Little hopes are now entertained of an accom modation between England and the NOrthein Powers. The Treaty of Neutrality concluded in 17So, is said to forth the basis of the present Confederacy. The KING of SWEDEN, in ac cepting from the EMPERDR, when at Petertburgh, the Cross of the Grand Order of Malta, recog nizes his IMPERIAL MAJESTY as Grand MOW. FREDERICK WILLIAM 111. at this moment, seems to have the same plan in view, in conjunc. tion wiili Russia, which his father, in the Turk ish War, had in conjunilion with England, name ly, to force, if possible, the contending parties to a Peace; and LUCIIESiNI is said to be now occupied with the same objeds at Parisi which he effeaed in te9o,at Reicheehach. The policy of this Monarch at the conclusion of a Peace, will be founded upon a 'principle of Territorial Aggrandizement. Some people, who, o n a r e . trosped of the past politics of that Court, ima gine, that he will not be very nice in finding equivalents to those Princes, whose Territory he may render subservient to his plan, suppose that his dominions will then be considerably ag grandized, as well as united.. The Hamburghers already consider themselves as Prussian subjects. —This idea has tended very much to damp the commercial ppirit which formerly prevailed in that town. There is a general despondency among the Merchants, which does not rest upon the instability of credit, as it did last year, but which proceeds from a fear of the consequences likely'to result from an - entire change of political situation.' The first houses are diminishing as much as possible, the scale of their business, by dropping as many of their Foreign connections 'as they can. By the rounding system, it is said, that 'Celle and iuneabtrg will be attached to the Prussian territory, and that the ELECTOR of HANoVER will get Heidtiheim and OtnaLmrs, by way of indemnity. A number of changes of a similar nature arc talked of. Allralong the Line . of Demarcation, the Prussian Troops are station - - ed in great numbers. In small towns, contain, ing'from 6 to eOOO inhabitants, there is an equal - number of Troops. The people, 'notriviehstande in the . burthen to which, on this account, they are necessarily subjeaed, seem tole'e - satisfied.— The") , say they pay dear fd'r protcaion, but that a visit' from the French would cost them dearer still, paign underta ke n tiq t he land might have turn.. , - N. 4 .. ..wit , . . e 4 out coci* _A. .. nsideratily. to, their disadvantage, if the . . 41....... ) -,:i Empeacla• had known how successfully . to tate N AVAL t.,),: , NEWS. .4 . 1 ., 'I advantage of the lapse of time which the last .:- N. , ( 1 : . Armistice afforded him. This 'opinion we have , Non wi impel:lm frlagi, szvirnivee tridemen, uniformly expressed, and we have since seen that , • Sed milti :urn. datum. p4Ris, V . l4*ltttiatt 6‘ 14ZIR AT, COMMANDER OF THk CORPS OF OBEER. VATION ) TO 'THE CARDINAL FIRST MINISTER OF H IS 1 - 10LINiSS THE POPE. " I-lead-quarters, Florence, 7an.'164. " I have the Honotir to inform you, M. Cardinal, that the dounit: object ofmy march into the States of the Holy Father is ; lirst, to occupy Ancona, ceded to ,the French Army by the Armistice of Trevi§o ; second, to/ender to His Hohnest the free enjoyment of his States, by obliging the Neapolitans to evacuate the Cattle of St. Ange, and the whole Territory of Rome. " I know that His Holiness has severkl times solicited in vain. the evacuation of his States by the Neapolitan Troops,.but Phope the approach of the French will ren der them more juit. , " I am exceedingly desirous, by the prompt evacua tion of the Country of Rome, the Neapolitans should spare His Holiness the pain of seeing the City he inhabits become the Theatre of War., .• • " The Order of my Government is constantly, that I should not take Citta Castellana, unless I should be po sitively called upon to do so by His Holiness. " This is sufficient to convince him of the considera tion.the First Consul entertains for him.• " assured, M. Cardinals of the esteem by which I am satiated towards you. " J. hIUBAT." COPY OF THE ANSWER OF M. DE DAMAS To GENERAL MURAT. " Headquarkri at Yiterk, 'tan. 22, 'got. ".The hostilities of the Corps nf the A rmy I command, have never bean otherwise than conformable to those of the Imperial Army. My instructions, since the cam, menceinent of the Cain:iaign,`have been to receive those of M. de lizttac A.lt rat, and, to ,ael in pursuance of them. My movements : in Tuscany have been combined with his, and when the French TrooPS attacked, •at 'Sienna, the Advanced-Guard,. which I 'kept there at the distance of twenty-six miles froin the body of my. Army, , I com menced my retreat towards' the EcOeimetical Frontier, calculating open til.tt cif the Count de BiLLEGAILDE wards . theßrenta. • • Ihkve over been ignorant, General, of the pacific in tentions of which you mforn me; awl you will Judge that I can determine nothing upon the JUbjen : I Will send. with,_all speed to my Court; and till its answer, which will arrive as soon as possible, awl I will immedi ately.cornmunkate it to you, I ant bound according to my anterior orders, with reterence to the Armistice with the Austrians, to consider myself upon thelooting of an Ar. mistice with you ; and I shall conditet myself 4ccouting 7 ly, not doubting, General, of your reciprocity in this re sped " I have the Honour to be, dec. (Signed) ," DE DAMAS. (For an exact Copy) (Signed) - " MURAT." ANSWER OF:LIEUTENANT-GENERAL MURAT TO GENERAL DE DAMAS. " GENI.RAL, • " Florence, Jan. 2,5. " I havtt.reeeived your Letter, dated from Viterbe, the 22c1 of January. "The French Government made known to you a month ago, that the friendship: which His Majesty the Em putoa of RUSsIA shewqd to the KING 'Of NAPLES, in duced'the First Consul to forger tae numerous injuries of every kind of which your Government had been guilty to wards the French People. " Front this overture we had reason to hope that you would have remained a peaceable sp&ilator of a struggle in which you could have been but of little consequence., " Nevertheless, the Kt): 4 of NAPLES forgetting, for the tenth time, that which true policy and the generous conduti of the French GOvernritent demanded of him, or= tiered his Tmops to penetrate into Tuscany, where they • were beaten by General Mtpl.t.ts. " But War carries with it so many misfortunes, that the French Government Set:ks all Means to avoid it. " First, cvaruate all the States of the Pope, and the Castle of St. Ange. " Second, cease to claim the benefit of the Armistice of Trevino, in which You ate not interested, and the indnence of a power which'can no longer protect you. " The only Prince who can now 'noted your King, through the inrsonal and particular consideration which the First Consul has for hit, is thr Emperor of all the Russias. . . . . " Let your Government merit still, Sir, the continuance of the favour of that' Prince, which it cannot (k, but by . shutting the Ports of Sicily and of the Kim:dont of Naples to gnlish Ships. ;tad by laying an Embargo, on all the Vessels of that Nation; which it is time to expel from 'all points of the Continent. This Embargo will serve as an equivalent to that witich.the King,of England-has laid so unjustly on all Mulish. Swedish, and Russian Vessels. '" Cause to be vertifted to me by the Russian Ambassa dor at your Court, that these Preliminaries -are fulfilled, and immediately 1 stop my march, and conclude with you an Arinistice, as the forerunner of a just and equitable Peace. „ When I speak to you, Sir, with this frankness and simplicity, you will easily recognize the langua4e of a Sol dier, who is a stranger to evasions and diploMatic delays. "Be assured, General, the eSteerfl 1 have lot you." ' WELLS, FEB. 5. Tilts day our Townsman, DAYIDGE GoULD, Esq. Captain of the Audacious in the ever me •morable Battle of the Nile, arrived here from Plymouth, when the Mayor immediately called a Meeting of the Corporation, who unanimously presented him with the Freedom of the City. Mrs. JORDAN has not entered into any new Engagement, as stated in the Public Prints. She has been under Articles for some time, of which three years are unexpired, and has only been pre vented from gratifying the Public this season by the critical state of her health. The Pidures which Mr. ELMER, the Artist, has recently lost by the fire in Gerrard-streer, Soho, were the result of his labours for many years. The subjeas were chiefly birds, dead game, &c. &c. and were certainly equal to any works of the same kind by any contemporary Artist. The EMPEROR of RUSSIA has issued an order permitting the importation of' all books into his dominions, which are licensed in the Prt,sslan States. COAL s.---A state of last week's Market : Cargoes sold, Monday, Ed). 2 -- II from 4os. 6d. to 435. 3d, Wednesday, - 4 —, 28 from 355. 6d. to 435. bd. Friday, 6 s from 4os. 6d. to 445, oct. A: meeting was last week held at. Dorphesw,. to consider the propriety of /naming the Com mon Fields ,of Fordington ; but the measure, brought forward by the PILINGS of W#Las's Steward, was negatived. These fielda corn, prise 4000 acres of singularly, .fine, land, divided . , into 6s allotments ; 1300 acres are under corn, and on the ,residue 4,911 cattle are now fed. About seven o'clock on the evening of Friday se'nnight, as a party of Oxford Gentlemen in .a chaise were going to Abingdon Assembly, they were stopped by three highwaymen, and robbed -of their watches, and about 161. in money. These men were soon after seen to ride full gallop through the turnpike, and it is supposed took the London road. Several robberies have lately been committed near the same place. Two men have since been taken up on suspicion. LAW RE,poßr. COURT OF . kiNG's BENCH, Fit. §. wipcokiA)A, I$Q. LORD,WY.COMIIII. MR. GARROW stated - that the , trial of this cause hadl been already postponed on account of the absence of a material witness on behalf of the Defendant, and which witness then resided in Paris—He was under the necessity Of moving that it be further delayed on the sable reason, for they had riot been able, hitherto, to get at that witness, although they .w ere not deficient in dili gence ; considerable difficulties arose on the ac. count of some' passports which were necessary to be obtained in this case: The Court granted a Rule to shew cause why► the Trial should not stand over till the Sittings after the next Terms .• TtlR KING 'iv. SUtIOESi This was a Case on the return to an Habeas Corpus, which was, " Thai at the time of his trial, the person above-natneci, John was a Gunner of An Artidery Corps stationed at Gibraltar, , and Law . subjea to the Military of that G:lrrison—That he was tried by Court Martial, duly authorised, 'a n d held thereunder an AA of Parliament ; and "that he was there sentenced by that Court as follows :—Thaf the eiS - arge baying been heard . ;i.o - d the evidence for the 'prosecution, together with what the Pri. soner brought forward for his defence, and the guilt of the said . fully ,proVed; that he did receive several pieces of . broad-cloth s he knowing them - to have'been stolen, and there; fore the said Court Mettial did order that hen i minsported beyond the seas tor fourtee n Years, to such place as Piss Majesty by the aviee of his Privy Council should, be pleased' to . declare and appoint that this Sentence of the Cputt Martial was approved of by the Governor' of Gibraltar betbre whom it was laid; and that the Prisoner was sent over to this Country anddelivered info the custody . of Sir Wm. Pitt, the Qovernor of,thtt Garrison of Poriatriouth, and that was the cause of the detention of the said Suddes." - Mr. ERSKINE had obtained this Rule to bring up this man, under the idea that the detention of him was contrary td Law, and on the ground , that the Court-Martial had not power to sentence this man further than * Court of Civil Justice had in England i and that,..as ft did not appear," on the face of the proceedings, that the principal Felon, namely he who was said to have stolen the goods, was convicted ; and if that was not proved, the other. Felon, that is the Accessary after the fan, which the ReceiVer is, could not be found guilty qi- this felony, Isrld therefore h:ts offence, r at most,• could amount only .to a meanout, and*Tdi which no Civil equrt of Justico in this Country had power, by the I.* Of' the Land; to order him to be itaris)itirt , :d Coult of Justice .had no such power, a, Court. Martial could not possess it—for the Court-Mir.. tial had only power to sentence 'persons, for of: fences " according to the_ nature and degree or their respective ()Onus," which degree and na. • ture were described by the Law. the Laati, and beyond which neither Court-Matiial nor any other Court could pioceed - in - raj' of the dorm« nitaii of 'the' King of- these Realnis. Mr. Aeatrr contended; that the sentence - a the Court MArtal Was conclui.‘tt in tans Case; for that they Were not bound' to ' pasS extretly•thi same sentence on this Prisoner asa - COtirt of - LaW. would do in this Conntry. Secondly, - If they were so bound, diet/ Lord; ships were now bound to presume, • that the trial. of this man was proper, and the sentence she., tin, less something appeared to the contrary. Thirdly, admitting this sentence to be correa k which they were bound to dOunless something to the contrary appeared, their Lordships would not repeal or reverse that sentence, because the Court of King's Bench was not a. Court of Error to corred the proceedings of a Courr Martial.— This Prisoner was now in military custody Under the sentence .of a Court of Competent Jurisdie. tion, and therefore must so remain until the King's pleasure should otherwise dispose of that person. Lord KEN YON delivered a very ablejuclgrnent, in the course of which he, obseri+ed, that the rules of .Law as well as substantial Justice had been observed in this case, for the punishment, was exaaly that which the Law would have direCleda Civil Magistrate to pronounce on this person, if tried and eonvided in this Country.— His Lordship quoted the opinion ,of Lord HALE upon the subjel, the practice of giving way to points of technical distindion which went by the merits .of a case, and by which some ofhthe most atrocious Offenders escaped the'punishmeni which was clue to their crimes. As far as Courts-Martial proceeded in the ab.. sence of such minute and Senselesi distin6tions,. They were right ; for he owned, that stating , an offence, for instance, by way of Tr;.ire, as it was called, to be in the Parish of St.' Mary-la-Bow, in the Ward of Cheap, when the offence was committed in the East Indies, he owned, be said, this sort of. pradice was a.disgra,o4,the Law of this Country.. However, it - was, perhaps, a ,praaice too inveterate to be altered. Not that he wished to say any thing against the general Laws of- this Country, they were, in general, cer., tainly the best in the world. His-Lordship was,. hoWever, quite clear, that this Convielion and Sentence ,were' . right, and such is an .English Court of Justice would have. Plsseti , r-tthat the ' whole. Case was perfealy, red tiar, and that, therefore, the Prisoner ought tithe remanded—he said this very much at his eae :because he rellea. ed, that every other -Court in ,Westminster Hall, was open to another application for this Writ, in the event of the Party being dissatisfied with the determination of Allis Court. The other judges .conciped, and-therefore the Prisoner was ordered to be.. rernanded.,...lt was afterwards ,said, that the principal who stole these goods, was convided and hanged fi r it. Mr. Gzsas moved for leave to file a Crimin'at infor.mation'against a Mr. Wm., Hutchins, of