The Sun. — London, England, 1832-09-08 00:00:00

e ›..........V 4 e-i f 7/Ze-t e /4- - 6 . , , ~_ _________T h ei •,• .-- • BEAUTIFUL RESIDENCE IN SURREY. TO BE SOLD BY PRIVATE CONTRACT, 1,4, :,•)?, ' 0 .4 , :4 4 \ Z - V I By Mr. REID, ~---- i 4 1 :i i ..,•,,,,. I' .. Son-in-law and Successor to the late Mr. JOHN ROBINS, ( ' /I- - ; 9 tk .414 ,-,,, ji ) ., (Of Warwick House, Regent-street,) _.,., 0,,i T, .. , ,, n i k kh.::-../ 047 HhI ‘ ;; / .; 1 1 7 i5 ' 17 "--- ;f t il e, i t -,, " : . 7 ) . ; ".411# ,/ 1: 4. , A Valuable FREEHOLD ESTATE, corn- 444 . .....- prising a very eligible and commodious UESI- \\ - 1 11 it ~...,,..):: ~.,,, • „,.. . . , DENCE, in excellent repair, planned for the accommoda- , tion of .;.‘ Z' " — 1 8 ; 1 0 --4 '''' HI FIb t . 4 14 4 : 1(;) .0% , c, ' , sA-:";;;> ( 't., d allidlih'—:' ,•4/41111: l' WV k v-- ' t 0 i 111:...,..0, t:t <v - ' - . r .._:L I is no war, and it is only a commercial busisteas,thellank should try to keep the circul sting mediumpa, because it is only a temporary circumstance, and tile' country will afterwards have the benefit of it. Would the conduct they ought to adopt depend upon the extent to which the exchanges at the time may hap pen to be affected ?—Certainly; if it is to a very serious extent, they must act accordingly; but, in general, in time of peace, it is of no great consequence. When commodities are cheap in this o untry, has it not a tendency to turn the exchanges in our favour ?—There is no doubt it has ; then yo■ get a good many good cus tomers from the whole world, who wish to purchase their articles here. A NOBLEMAN OR GENTLEMAN'S FAMILY, With garden, and all requisite attached and detached offices, seated in a paddock of nearly Forty Acre , i, beauti fully timbered with extensive walks, and a considerable part bounded by a STREAM OF WATER. IAYNDON, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 8, 1832. (No. 12.179.) (PRICE 7D.) To be viewed by Tickets only. which, with Particulars, may be had of Mr. Reid, No. 170, Regent -street. PARK-CRESCENT, PORTLAND-PLACE. boat round. The tide was running down. I know one of the men, Kennedy. produce which they cannot sell here, and which they are obliged to send to the continent, and to draw bills for it ; and against those draughts there must come some remit tance back again for it; and people of property will not involve themselves in any acceptances; and upon that principle, as there are no bills upon the continent, gobt must come from the continent. bankers and the people in general are alarmed, they tak all the gold away ; the Bank will take care to protect it self, no doubt. Does not the Bank contracting their issues tend to make commodities cheap?—Certainly. Will not the Bank contracting their issues tend to turn the exchanges in our favour ?—Not always, it mly be Ix a time : but it is not possible that the exchanges can be kept down or kept up unless the real trade goes along with it. Elegant and Spacious Fam:h• Peaidence, with Offices Stables, Coach-houses, &c. In your experience, for some time past have you foun that there have been greater fluctuations in the deman for silver, or i❑ the demand for gold ?—The demand is in general alike in both, if the exchange is against us ; bu lately there has been more importation of silver than of gold. Would silver regulate the exchange precisely as gold —Certainly; and in France and on the Continent rather more. TO BE SOLD BY PRIVATE CONTRACT, OR LET ON LEASE FOR A TERM OF YEARS, By Mr. REID, Son-in-Law and Successor to the late Mr. JOHN ROBINS, (Of Warwick House. Regent street,) A Capital SPACIOUS RESIDENCE, rs pleasantly situate, No. 1, Park-crescent, Portland place, comprising convenient bed-chambers and servant , ' sleeping-rooms, elegant and lofty drawing.rooms, entrance and inner hall, dining-parlour, breakfast-room, library, water-closets, ; numerous offices in the basement ; large garden at the back ; coach-house and stables in Fre derick's Mews, Albany-road. To be viewed by Tickets. Particulars may he had of Messrs. Broughton and White, Solicitors, Great Marl borough-street ; and of Mr. Reid, No. 170, Regent-street, of whom Tickets may be had. Will not the exchange be generally in our favour as long as commodities are cheap in this country ?—lt does not depend altogether upon this country's commodities, it depends upon the general trade. Do you think that lowness of price, which is caused by a contraction of issues, makes any great difference in the foreign demand for our manufactures?—No, I do not think so; but the reason is, that a great many people abroad are deterred from purchasing, bee ruse they do not know to what value the produce or the manufactured goods may rise. Will not the export of goods be greater under low prices than it will be under high prices ?—You will export a great deal of goods; you will sell two pieces for one. ON THE WESTERN ROAD, NEAR WINDSOR. CAPITAL FAMILY MANSION. TO BE LET FURNISHED, By Mr. REID, Son-in-law and Successor t the late Mr. JOHN ROBINS, (Of Warwick House, Regent-street,) ASpacious and well-planned RESIDENCE, handsomely fitted up and FURNISHED, situa•e in a beautiful part of the county of Bucks, adapted for the accommodation and immediate reception of A FAMILY OF THE FIRST DISTINCTION, With numerous attached and detached offices, coach houses, and stable. , , and various out-buildings, lodge entrance, beautiful pleasure grounds, extensive walks, ornamented by fine thriving timber and other trees, shrub beries, plantations, &c., streams of fine clear water, fishery and fish stews, capital productive garden, walled, about Three Acres, with forcing houses, and about THIRTY-SIX ACRES OF EXCELLENT GRASS LAND. To be viewed by Tickets, which, with Particulars, may be had of Mr. Reid, No. 170, Regent-street. DELIGHTFUL VILLA RESIDENCE, ON THE BANKS OF THE THAMES. TO BE SOLD BY PRIVATE CONTRACT, By Mr. REID, Son.in-law and Successor to the late Mr. JOHN ROBINS, (Of Warwick House, Regent.street,) AVery delightful and convenient VILLA RESIDENCE, substantially erected, seated on an extensive and beautiful lawn, surrounded by wallo, richly ornamented with numerous fine stately timber trees, thriving evergreens and shrubs in the greatest luxuriance, situate about three miles from Hyde Park Corner. THE RESIDENCE Is adapted for the accommodation of a family of distinction, and fit for immediate reception, with suitable offices, de tached coach-houses and stables, out-buildings, &c., hand some conservatory, productive garden ground, with numer ous choice fruit trees, alcove, and pheasantry ; FINE RICH MEADOW LAND, THE WHOLE CON- TAINING ABOUT TEN ACRES, Most eligibly situate, embracing beautiful views of the county of Surrey and the surrounding country. To be viewed by Tickets, which, with Particulars, may be had of Mr. Reid, 170, Regent-street. lo t RITISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH, -K- 0 KING'S CROSS, NEW-ROAD, LONDON. MORISON'S UNIVERSAL VEGETABLE MEDICINE. TO MR. S. T. PROBETT, DERBY BRANCH, BRITISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH. My case is as follows th e effects of a bad cold got by standing in cold spring water, which brought on the cramp and bowel complaint. For the last four years and a half I have not been able to work for my family. I was under the first of the faculty at Pontefract, Dr. A. ; he told me it was an inflammation in my boweb. ; he bled me and gave me opening medicine, which made the cramp worse. I then went into the dispensary of that place. I then got to Dr. 8., of Brigg, and Dr. R. ; they told us e I bad got the cholera morhus. Dr. A., of Brigg, told ate it was the over-growing of my gall ; he salivated me. I only got temporary relief. Then I got to Dr. R. of Donctster ; he told me it was a complaint in my kid ney. rhea I got to Dr. 8., of Leeds ;he told me that my liver was over.weighted with blood. I then went under Dr. F., of Leeds ; he told me it was the liver complaint. I then got into the infirmary, and n nlY got t emporary relief. I then got to H u ll , un d er D r. T. ; got but temporary relief; he advised me to go into Hull infirmary • I came out worse than when I went in. From t h ere I we ' nt to Cowthrope, under Dr. J., of Louth; tdh;re I o n l y get temporary relief. Then 1 got into Louth d s P octn'arY, and Dr. 0. t o ld me I was an i mpostor. Th e lwa ors alway s treated me with opening medicines, which I a Ys brou g h t on t h e cramp. I was then so bad that if I drank one pint of ale it brought on the bowel complaint. Went on this way despairing of ever getting any real b enefit from any one, till I came to Louth, and met with Mr. Probett, your general agent for Derby. He kindly gave me his advice. I began with four pills, and increased uuhl I got to thirty pills night and morning. I continued t "era for three ['maths, and I am happy to say, through the Divine blessing, I am perfectly cured, and am able to follo w ray employment again. You are at liberty to make . ""Y use of this you may think proper, and I am ready to answer to any questions that any one may put to me. I am, Sir, your humble servant, _ JOHN SNOWDEN. Caulliorpe, near Louth, Lincolnshire. August 15th, 1832. St. John's, N. B. June 30, 1832. We, the undersigned residents and householders i❑ the c ity of St. John, New Brunswick, North America, do not hesitate to give our most unqualified approbation in fsvour of Morison's Vegetable Universal Medicine. By the use of less than a box the most benefical effects in al most all cases have resulted. We could refer to several severe cases, were it necessary, to show the superior ex cellence of this Medicine (a few of which have appeared in the public prints), and which, if taken according to the directions accompanying them, will revive and establish the desired healthy habits, and restore to the pallid coun tenance the natural glow of health and good spirits. Mr. William Anderson, Ag.nt for the above Medicines, is about leaving this place for Britain, at an early day, and we cheerfully sign this certificate i❑ testimony of our hav ing used the above Medicine with the most happy success. CHARLES HARRIS GROOCOCK, M.D. ROBERT HAY. Mr. scow, C.P. WM. SCANNELL. H. HODGKINS. G. ANDERSON, J. P. G. MARCHALL. IL W. NOWLAN. JOHN NEIL. G. LOVETI'. J. JOSEPH SCAMMEA. CURES OF CHOLERA IN SHEFFIELD. Mr, Drew, Hygeian Agent, have again to return you my sincere thanks for the cure of my wife, who was restored to health in two d ays, by the timely use of Morison's Vegetable Universal Medicine, of which I am in the regular habit of provid ing a box for the use of my family, to be ready in case of necessity, as gameshavin myelf formerly received much benefit by the use of the Medicine ; and I can assure you, Sir, th a t I have recommended them to severed of my ac quaintance, who have likewise acknowledged their useful 'l", and would recommend their use to every individual. 14 '; week my wife was taken very ill in her bowels, at trl'ded with violent purging and vomiting, with her body ~"rly double with the cramps and spasms, and could not ~_a _ Tic u prig h t ; but by timely use of the pills, she is now lu'Ll'.eftly recovered, for which I desire to return my thanks ind4_,lmighty God, and to express my gratitude for your t)_,;rytigable exertions, and wish your Medicines were better know n t h at they might meet with more ex.- teiieive c irculation. Your's respectfully, J ul M. FORD, Y or k- stree t, Sheffield. n'Y 24, 1832. the The "Vegetable Universal Medicine s " are t o b e h a d a t College, New-road, King's-cross, London ;at the Surrey Branch, 96, Great Surrey -street, Blackfriars; at I\lr, Field's, 16, Air-street, Quadrant ; Mr. Chappel's, Royal Exchange ; Mr. Walker's, Lamb's Conduit-passage, Ited Lion -square; Mr. J. Lofts, 10, Mile End-road ; Mr. Ilennett's, Covent-garden -market ; Mr. Haydon's, Fleur elis-courr, Norton Falgate ; Mr. Haslett's, 118, 11 it iffe-highway ; Messrs. Norbury's, Brentford ; Mrs. t'PPing's, Clare-market ; Messrs. Salmon's, Little Bell :44; Miss Varral ' s, 24, Lucas-street, Commercial-road ; . Beech's, 7, Sloane-t-quare, late of Sloane -street, Chel ; Mr. Chapple, Royal Library, Pall-mallKirtlarn, A-I'riolingbroke-row, Walworth ; Mr. Pain, 61, Jertnyn "; Mr. Wood, Hair-dresser, Richmond ; Mr. Aleyar, 3, aY's-buildings, 13Iaek heath ; Mr. Griffiths, Wood Wharf, j r,vnwich; Mr. B. Pitt, 1, Cornwall-road, Lambeth; . Mr. 5;, 1)(44 0n, 35, Craven-strt et, Strand ; Mr. Oliver, Bridge ;"t, Vauxhall Mr. J. Monk, Bexley Heath ; Mr. T. f' k e', 12, St. Roman's, Dartford ; Mr. Cowell, 22, ''trace, ; Mr. Patti tt, 96, Edgware-road ; Miss ti Atkinson, 19, Trinity Grounds, Deptford; Mr. Taylor, Ai t %tvell ; Mr. Coverl e y, B ow-bridge, Stratford; Mrs. J. t oy e, Woolwich ; and at one Agent's in every principal in Great B r it a i n , t h e I , lands of Guernsey and tit 4 d throughout the whole of the United States " A k tner' t u . "' 11 . ---The College will not be answerabl e for the con z4i44,3e-es of any Medicines sold by any Chemist or Drug as none such are a ll owe d to sell the " Universal 64.1ileines;" w hi c h can only be had genuine at the Bri- Lut k)lleg NW GI ande of Hea countrlth, and of the regu l ar l y registered 44 1 in y. HORSE BAZAAR. KING ST., and BAKER ST., PORTMAN SQUARE. HARNESS AND SADDLERY DEPARTMENT. This Department is conducted upon the prin cip!e of supplying the ►ery best articles at the lowest prices. The reputation which this BRANCH of the HORSE BAZAAR has obtained for magnitude of assort ment, elegance of style, excellence of workmanship, and durability of materials, rrnders it only necessary to say, that it will he continued on the same principle and under the same management, which has secured it the unquali fied approbation of the nobility and gentry, who have so pre-eminently distinguished and extensively used the SADDLERY, HARNESS, AND CLOTHING of its manufacture. BILIOUS AND LIVER COMPLAINTS. AS a mild and effectual remedy for those disorders which originate in a morbid action of the Liver and Biliary Organs, namely, Indigestion, Loss of Appetite, Headache, Heartburn, Flatulencies, Spasms, Costiveness, Affections of the Liver, &c. &c. DIXON'S ANTIBILOUS PILLS (which do not con tain Mercury in any shape) have met with more general approval than any other Medicine whatsoever. They unite every recommendation of mild operation with successful effect, and require no restraint or confinement during their use. In tropical climates, where the consequence of re dundant and vitiated bile are so prevalent and alarming, they are an invaluable and efficient protection. They are likewise peculi irly calculated to correct disorders arising from excesses of the table, to restore the tone of the Sto• mach, and to remove most complaints occasioned by irre gularity of the Bowels. Sold in boxes at 2s. 91, 4s. 61, 113., and 22e., by Messrs. Butler, Chemists, Cheapside, corner of St. Paul's, London ; Sackville-street, Dublin ; Princes -street, Edin burgh ; Sutton, Bow Church-yard ; Barclay's, Faring don.street ; Newbery, 45, and Edwards, 67, St. Paul's ; and the principal Dealers in Patent Medicines. _ _ Of whom may be had, DIXON'S IMPROVED ELIXIR PAREGORIC, universally esteemed an excellent Medicine for Colds and Coughs ; in Spasmodic Affections of the Face and Gums this Medicine has the most decided beneficial effect. In bottles at 2s 9d. and 4s. Cid. GARNETT'S PURE BALSAM OF CAPIVI PILLS. THESE PILLS consist of the pure Capivi Balsam in a consolidated state, and contain all its volatile and active principles, which are totally destroyed by every other mode of preparing it. The efficacy of this Balsam in sexual diseases of the urinary passages has been long known, and its superiority above all other medicines generally admitted. Hitherto the impossibility of admi ni.tering it in pills and in a palatable form, or without disagreeing with the stomach, has deterred many from its use, as well as led to the employment of various substitutes of much less efficacy. The Pills now recommended have been employed in many thousand c..ses with uniform suc cess ; and in a large proportion of these cases, after all other remedies bad failed, particularly the spurious imita tion called Balsamic Pills. In gonorrhoea, Sleets, strictures, weakness, pains of the loins, irritation of the urethra, and gravel, in fluor albus, or whites, and in cases of debility, these Pills will remove the disease in a few days, as well as chronic affections of the urinary bladder and kidneys, especially those accom panied by mucous and purulent secretions in the urine. In all diseases in which this Brlsam has been prescribed by physicians and surgeons, these Pills will be found be neficial ; and the more especially as they are the most effi cacious and most agreeable mode of administering this valuable medicine. Sold in boxes at 2s. 9d. and 4s. 6d. each, by the in ventor, G. H. Garnett, cheini.t, Welbeck-street, Caven dish-square; also by Barclay and Sons, 95, Farringdon street ; Sanger, 150, Oxford-street; Sandell, 29, Poultry; Wilkinson, 215, Strand; Shepherd, 176, Fleet-street; Sutton and Co., Bow Church-yard ; Butler, Cheapside ; Sellers, 3, Broad-street, Bloomsbury ; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; Rea, 14, Upper York-street, Baker-street; Odling, 26, Oxford -street; Vines, 75, Aldersgate-street; Chappell, Royal Exchange; Alawhood, South -street, Liver pool; and W. B. Herron, Lower Sackville-street, Dublin. Ask for Garnett's Pills. OLD BAILEY, SEPT. 7. THE MURDER ON THE THAMES. William Kennedy, aged 19, a fisherman, and Wil liam Brown, aged also 19, a labourer, were indicted for the wilful murder of William Wilkinson, on the 17th of July last, in the parish of St. George, Ha nover-square. In person Kennedy seemed feeble, and his pale and ghastly appearance was very striking as he was put to the bar. He looked quite oppressed, draw ing long deep sobs with considerable difficulty. During the proceedings he muttered often, and shook his head at particular passages of the evi dence. Brown, who is of much stouter make, stood up without exhibiting atly signs of agitation, but looked sometimes with a sort of surprise at his fel low-prisoner. gr. BODKIN, who, with Mr. DUNN, appeared for the crown, stated the facts of the case. Mr. Smales—l am a printer, in Aldersgate-street. I knew William Wilkinson. He was a clerk. Ac companied him on the river on the 17th July last. Got into a funny at Bull-stairs, and, as we rowed up, observed two boats following. This was near Vauxhall-bridge. On arriving opposite the Spread Eagle, at Millbank, one boat passed us, and we did not see her after. The other passed between us and the Middlesex shore, which was about 14 or 15 yards distant. It wanted two minutes to 10 by my watch. The boat had two men in her. She went on some yards, then turned round, and fell foul of us. Her head struck that of our boat on the out side. Deceased desired me to be ar a -h an d to s h ove otr. While I was endeavouring to do so, the head of their boat reached the centre of ours, when one of the men knocked the two boats together with his hand, the other seized the two coats at the feet of the deceased, and took them into theirs. I raised the oar and endeavoured to strike them with it. That moment the boat was getting off, when de ceased endeavoured to jump into it ; it was then distant about six feet. He fell into the water, but caught the gunwale with his left hand. Did not strike any part of his person against the boat. The men began to strike him on the head with the sculls, while he held on with the left, and struggled with his right against them. Both men struck him seve ral blows with force for three or four minutes. He had no hat on. He quitted the boat as if he was struck or pushed hack into the water. A blow was given a moment before. I threw out a scull and called to him t seize it, but he made again for the strange bolt. ‘A hen he got to it, he was pushed or struck back again. Did not see what was used for that purpose. It was not a scull. Immediately after he commenced struggling, and soon sunk. I never struck deceased. When I made the blow he was in my boat. The other was then about 0 or 30 yards off, and making across the river. I rowed after with a scull and an oar, but the oar turned the John Rowan, Jack-in-the-water at the Spread eagle—Was on the causeway at the water's edge on the 17th of July, ten minutes before ten o'clock. Heard a cry of murder five minutes after ten, but that being a frequent thing, did not take any notice of it until I heard it aga'n. Ran to the edge of the river and heard "a guggle, goggle," A nd knew it was somebody drowning. Ran to the house. The waiter and I took a gentleman's boat, and before twenty strokes saw one gentleman standing up in a boat. He put his hands together, and said, " Oh, my friend's gone !" he pointed in the direction the boat had taken, across the river; but witness could see nothing; it was a dark night. Mr. W. Davis, surgeon, examined the body of William Wilkinson. There was a wound on the bridge of the nose about an inch in length. There were considerable bruises on nearly the whole of the forehead. In his opinion, the blow on the nose and forehead produced stunning, and the man was drowned. The extravasation on the brain was caused by that blow. The depositioris of the prisoners at the Thames police-office having been read, The Learned JUDGE asked Relined y if he had any thing to say to the Jury? He put in a written paper, and wept while it was reading. It stated, that when he and his comrade went out that night they had no intention of doing bodily harm to any one. He had been in great dis• tress for some time before, and they meant to go and pick up some clothes. It then proceeded to de scribe the scuffle for the coats, and attributed the death of Wilkinson to blows received from his friend in the agita•ion and alarm of the latter. When they rowed away, they had no notion that Wilkinson was in danger, his own boat being near, and he being "splashing," as if he could swim. In conclusion, it deprecated the prejudices raised against them by reports in the newspapers, and appealed to the mer ciful consideration of the jury. Brown next put in his defence, which adopted Kennedy's account of the scuffle. The jury returned a verdict of Guilty against both prisoners. - The learned JUDGE then sentenced them to be ex ecuted on Monday, and directed that their bodies be buried within the walls of the prison. COMMITTEE ON THE BANK OF ENG- LAND CHARTER. Examination of M. N. ROTHSCHILD, Esq. Have you had any extensive experience in exchange transactions ?—Yes. In those transactions, are you accustomed to make any estimation of the par of exchange; and if so. bow do you calculate it ?—There is no par of exchange ; it depends en tirely upon whit the value of gold abroad is, and upon that principle you can only take the par. Then the par would be ascertained, according to your estimation, by calculating the value of the currency of one country against the other, and adding thereto the premium there might be upon gold ?—Yes. That would give you not a permanent but a fluctuating par ?—The principle is this—suppose the exchange shall be 25.20, what in general the English people call the par, if the exchange is against us, then you will be obliged to send a great deal of gold from this country; and you get no premium upon the gold, the exchanges will be just as you coi❑ 20 franc pieces for it, which will make it sometimes 25.10, and sometimes 25.15., after deducting some small charges on the transit. What are the greatest variations you have known in the price of gold at Paris within the last seven years?—lt was sometimes a quarter to three-eights per cent. premium; but lately, as the gold comes from foreign countries to this country, it is about 1 or 2 per cent. premium ; the higher our exchange goes, the more the premium abroad rises. If our exchange here goes to 25.80, the premium of gold gets up in Paris proportionately. . . Then your transactions in exchange are calculated upon the premium on gold ?—Certainly. What is the present market value of silver as compared with gold ?--Standard silver is about 59d. per oz, ; it changes from day to day ; silver has been 60d., but the importations have been very large, by which silver was lowered Id. per oz. It depends upon the importation ; if there is a great importation from South America, silver will fall. Has silver fallen lately 7 —Yes, about 1 d. ; it has been 60d. ; it is now about 59J. Do you find that the former calculation of the estimated value between silver and gold has lost its proportion ?_.I think gold is higher than silver, because there is not so much i:nportation of gold as there is of silver. Do you find that the wants of this country for gold have materially tended to increase the value of that metal in the markets of the world?—No doubt of it; if you want a great deal of gold here, it will rise in price abroad, accord ing to the nominal rate of exchange. From your experience, is it your opinion that the exchanges between London, Paris, Amsterdatn, and Ham burg, can be ruled by any individual or any combination of individuals ?—For a little while. Suppose a powerful man goes on the Exchange, and buys on two or three post-days very largely, he can influence the exchanges ; but it is not possible that he can guide them for a long period. Would it not be in the power of an individual to guide the exchange in proportion to the extent of his capital 7 toT hl2alotaoc,e y depend s eo ever, uefrop,roenfi foreign o n myour bi lso i circumstances, how business is; if there i s a great exportation, he can buy from 150,0001. at l a i kn o cedt ii eedfo l o rol n apt g soht a time th e exchanges upon t l b o y particular o f observed being capitalyears, a (ny thjei employedcntd?iindividual l do that speciala or t iuosteo e r en troi e t u ) e r Ri p . ,0 0 yf s o e air , h Exchange buying bills in that way ; in general, business upon the Royal Exchange is done fairly ; if any person requires bills, he purchases them to remit them abroad, either to get a commission by it, or in return for goods im ported ; but in the way of speculation, it was never done, that 1 remember, to any considerable amount. Have you observed that the exchanges are materially altered by the operations of the Bank of England, such as increasing the issues of notes, or diminishing them ? When the Bank diminishes its issues, there is always a fear on the Royal Exchange to do business, because if money is made scarce, every man of real property draws in till he sees how far this scarcity of money will go; but for long it has no effect, it will always find its level, and the exchanges come round again. Then, supposing the Bank of England were to diminish its issues, so as to produce an effect upon the money market, how long would it take before the effect was felt upon the exchanges 7—lt is not possible to judge. The effect on one side is good, and on the other side it is bad. Persons of real property will do no business at all, and the manufacturers and persons in working business are ob liged to send their goods abroad, and to sell at any price But in the mean time things come round, and the Bank can never guide the exchanges for long ; it may do so for a short time, for a couple of months, but it is not in any one's power to do so for long. This country in general is the bank for the whole world ; I mean, that all transac tions in India, in China, in Germany, in Russia, and ifi the whole world, are all guided here, and settled through this country ; so that it is not possible for any power to guide the exchanges for so long as two or three months. Then you hold, that the balance of payments with those countries with which you trade, really and truly is the only guide for the rate of exchange?—Certainly. When there is an unfavourable exchange, that is to say, when gold is flowing out, would you consider that the Bank of England could regulate that exchange, and make the gold flow back again, by curtailing their issues of bank notes ?—For a little while the Bank caa do a great deal, because they may deter any rich man from doing business, and they may stop the whole course of trade, but it is not possible that it should last long, because the exchanges will come round soon, whatever the Bank may do. A great many people will be obliged, w h en mone y gets scarce, to sacrifice and to sell all their property ; hut, in the mean time, persons of real prop rty will be quiet, and wait till every thing is clear and settled. By what different channels and means does a scarcity of money operate upon the foreign exchanges?—There are a great many merchants from the West Indies who have bills running upon them for coffee and different kinds of Have you known particular periods when, money i n England being very scarce, the merchants in England would not make the usual advancements for consignments? think it was so in 1825 ; a great many persons would not accept upon wool and different other produce. I know that a great many merchants were obliged to semi large quantities of goods abroad, purposely to draw upon the continent to raise money. Is it your opinion that from the usual mercantile tran sactions of this country with the world, the exchanges would almost invariably be in our favour if they were not interfered with by demands not strictly commercial, such as foreignloans, and such as advances at particular period, to foreign Governments requiring gold for warlike pur. poses ?—Suppose we have had a bad harvest in this coun try, and we import very largely corn, this will have a❑ effect immediately for a short time, but in general the ex change is always in our favour ; but if loans are made, I do not think they will hurt our exchanges much, because most of the capitalists who hold funded stock, in general change one stock when they take others, so that it is only a change of property. For the last four or five years I have found that when a new loan is made, moss capitalists only changed one property against another, and very little property is wanted from this country. Supposing that since the year 1820 the amount of fo reign loans raised in this country should be 50,000,000/., must not that periodically have deranged very much our foreign exchanges ?—There is no doubt foreign loans to the amount of 50,000,0001, which is a very serious sum, would have that effect ; but in the last few years I know that every foreign loan that has been made has done very little injury to the exchanges, because an immense deal of stock has always changed hands, and bee❑ resold to foreign capitalists with a profit. Does not the interest upon foreign loans atrpresent ope rate the other way ; is there not a large annual balance of payment now made to this country as interest upon foreign loans?—Certainly. Do you apprehend that the interest received from fo reign loans, for some years past, has amounted to the ca pital that has been employed in creating those loans?—lt has brought a great deal of money here, no doubt, but I cannot exactly state the amount. From the evidence you have given, is it your opinion that the Bank of England, in looking at the foreign ex changes as the guide of their issues, act upon a principle that is correct with regard to their own safety, and a prin ciple that is useful with regard to the public ?—For his own safety, every man has a right to take care of himself ; but with regard to making money scarce, I do not think we have occasion to be aft aid, because if gold is wanted to send abroad, they may make money as scarce as they like; it will go, because for what reason is gold wanted? Gold is wanted if there is a war, and in that case the Emperor I , of Russia, or the King of Prussia, or any other Govern ment, will give two or three per cent. more or less for the gold, because they must have it. When the Emperor of Russia made war in Poland lately, gold, which went from Harnburgh to Petersburgh and Warsaw, was paying from three to four and five per cent. profit ; if five per cent. will not pay it, ten per cent, will be given. How does he draw away the gold circulation from France?—ln the same way. To what extent ?—lt is not possible to say ; if the Prussian Government want gold, they will take it at the lowest price offered. . _ Do not you find from experience, that the premium of gold at Paris, at Hamburgh, and at Amsterdam, rises in proportion as that species of demand is urgent or other wise ?—Certainly ; if it rises at Hamburgh, it becomes higher in Amsterdam and in Paris; it levels itself nearly within a quarter per cent. in all the three places. Your opinion is, that the Bank of England in attempt ing to regulate the exchanges, have not the power of doing so?—The Bank of England has great power if they do not care to sacrifice money ; if the Bank of England wish to make money very scarce for a time, they have it in their power to do so; but the exchanges cannot be guided by any body unless circumstances favour it. If there is a war, and the foreign Governments want specie, they must have it. I remember France made a loan at 50, and now they want to make a loan at 90. If any Go vernment wants gold, it does not care about any price for it if they can only get it. So that upon that principle, the Bank has great power to guide the exchanges in peace time and in quiet times by making money very scarce, but in the regular way it is not possible that any body can guide the exchanges. Does not a Foreign Government want gold only to pay it away?—Yes. When it has paid it away, will it not soon come back ? —lt does not return so soon in war time. In the case of the war between Russia and Turkey, how soon was the effect produced upon foreign exchanges by taking gold for the payment of the armies counteracted, and how soon did the gold come back and operate in a contrary direction ?—lt is impossible to fix when it came back, and how,—it depends upon the demand for your produce ; if those people have a demand for your produce, and have no bills upon England, they are obliged to col lect the gold and send it back again ; but in ease they have no demand for our produce, the gold is distributed over the world, and does not come back again so easily. What was the effect produced upon the market of Europe, for gold, by Russia in the war with Turkey ?—I believe it was two or three per cent. premium. How much gold do you think was actually sent out of this country to meet that Russian demand, by persons parting with sovereigns of which they bad possession, or presenting notes upon the Bank and drawing their money out?—lt is impossible to say. Do you think it was to the extent of 500,0001. ? More than that. Was it not advantageous to this country, inasmuch as it got a high price for the gold so sent out ?—No doubt i t did that good ; but in the mean time, when you want the gold in, you give again a good price for it, because you are obliged to sacrifice a great deal of property to obtain it. Do not you part with it at a high price estimated in commodities, and does it not return back at a moderate price to this country ?—There is no doubt you get a good premium upon the gold ; but on the other side, if, in consequence of a good deal of gold going away from this country, the gold become scarce, the manufacturers are obliged to send abroad the manufactured goods so much cheaper, so that in the long run you do not get any thing by it. When you want it back again, and you force the market and make a scarcity, the gold never rises, the gold will always bear a regular premium, but the goods you send abroad for it will be sacrificed. When a premium was paid of 2 or 3 per cent. upon gold, how much were the exchanges affected ?—The pre mium of 3 per cent. is not paid here, the premium is abroad ; the man that delivers it to the Russian Govern ments gets the 2 or 3 per cent., the real premium here is only just at th e exc h ange of 25.20 ; at present t h e ex change is 25-80, and that makes 2 per cent. in favour of bringing gold here ; at that time the exchange was 25.15 and 25.20. Is it not the case that gold is always demanded fir the military chests, in preference to silver?—Certainly, for every army. I recollect, about six months ago, the Go vernment of Hanover wrote over to get gold from here, purposely for the military chests, to the amount of about 100,0001. So that a war in any European country has invariably the effect of creating a demand for gold ?—Certainly : any European army has generally from 20,000/. to 30,000/. in gold. Does not an army always require gold in preference to silver, without any reference to their comparative values? — They do not care fur the prize; if they want it, they will give any price for it, being more portable. After the last loan contracted for by the King of Prussia, did you ever understand that a very considerable portion of the entire sum was kept in the military chest in sovereigns, ready for any purposes of war?—The Prussian Govern ment has no military chest. The Bank of England, by diminishing issues so as to depreciate the value of commodities, may in time operate upon the exchanges; hut in doing so, does not that opera tion of the Bank of England disturb the value of every commodity throughout this country ?—There is no doubt if money gets scarce, every kind of property will be cheaper, but the Bank will not do so without a reason ; the Bank is nut a kind of body that wishes to do injury to any property. Must not they sometimes dO so for their own protec tion, if they have to Day their notes in specie the You have Raid that when any of the continental Power wish to supply their military chests, they always make demand for gold ?—Certainly. Does not that produce considerable fluctuation in th , va'ue of gold ?—Not very much, because gold, in general, is not so much wanted ou the Continent as silver; silver is the regular coinage of those countries. Do you think that the value of silver is as little subjec to variation as the value of gold ?—Silver has no varia tion, because there is a coinage of silver ; so that there can be no gre it difference in silver, except at some times, when it is wanted by any European Government for par ticular purposes. Has there been a great export of gold from France at different times, for the purposes of foreign war?—Cer tainly ; in general the gold is bought up in France beore it goes from this country ; and if there is a scarcity in France, then it is fetched from here. Does the demand for gold from France produce a scarcity of money in France ?—No. Why is that ?—Because the gold is in general in private hands; it is merchandise there. If there was a demand for silver from France, would not that produce a scarcity of money in France ?—Cer tainly, because it is the coinage of the country. Then, whenever there is a demand upon a country fat a metal which is the standard of value, it will produce a scarcity of money ?—Certainly. In the winter of 1825, was the supply of gold that wa, required for this country, supplied in a great measure by the Bank of France?—No; there was a good deal sup. plied from the whole world; I imported it, and it was im ported almost from every country; we got it from Russia. from Turkey, from Austria, from almost every quarter in the world. Did not a considerable portion of that supply arrive sovereigns ?—No ; in the beginning we imported about 400,000 or 500,000 sovereigns, which had been sent over to France when such an enormous quantity of goods came to this country in 1824, in consequence of Mr. Huskis son's measure at that time. Has the supply of gold from America been increased within the last few years ?—We have an account that the mines have produced upwards of 500,000/. of gold last year. Can• you state what the silver mines in North Carolina, in the United States, have produced ?—I am sorry to say I am not acquainted with it, but a great deal of gold has come lately from North America. If there is a demand for gold for exportation from this country, is not that generally supplied by the Bank of England?.—Yes, that is generally supplied from the Bank The Bank keeps an office, which is called the Bullion office, and when a merchant brings gold or silver, it is de posited there. In times of political alarm on the continent, when a dis position to hoard arises there, what is the metal that par ties seek for that purpose; is it gold or silver ?-11lost part of it is silver, gold is at such a premium on the continent Do you know whether it is difficult at times to procure gold for the purposes of currency in France ?—Yes, we supplied the Bank of France in the time of war with gold sometimes. Is it sometimes difficult for individuals, in the ordinary use of the currency, to procure gold, and do they some times give a high premium for it ?—Yes, in the time when the last crisis was in France, they gave 2 per cent. for gold. You recollect the period of the panic in this country in 1825 ; can you state to the Committee the causes which you believe produced that crisis of affairs ?—lri 1824 there was a great speculation in wool and in speller, and in different articles ; an immense deal of bills had been drawn upon this country, from almost every quarter ; I myself received to an enormous amount of bills in the course of two months, from 1,000,0001. to 1,500,000/ sterling. At the end of the year an immense deal of specie was obliged to be sent to the continent to take up those bills, because if that had not been done, and tho,e bills had fallen one or two or three per cent., it would have given a great alarm ; then in 1825, when the Bank found that a great deal of gold was going away, the Bank drew in, and would not discount. In the mean time there was an immense deal of speculation in corn, by which our warehouses were filled, and the Bank then began to refuse to discount the corn bills, and some of the wool bills which came from Vienna, and likewise some bills drawn for spelter anti other produce. From your observation. has the Bank made any discri mination with respect to the species of demand which arises occasionally upon them for gold, that is to say, whe• ther it be for the payment of loans, or payment in conse quence of demands to supply foreign Governments, or otherwise, or whether they treat it as a common demand arising out of our general commercial transactions ?—The Bank never interferes ; any person that pleases may send over his bank-notes, and the Bank never inquires what it is for. Do you not think that it would be an advantageous at tention on the part of the Bank to observe what the de [nand is for, and whether it be for a special purpose, or whether it arises out of circumstances that may be perma nent in their nature ?—There is no doubt, that as the Bank Directors are clever men, they will know, if any person sends for gold largely, what operation is going for ward, but they do not ask him any question whatever; you bring in your bank -notes, they give you the gold. Might it not be judicious in the Bank to alter their system, according to whether the demand was special or likely to be permanent ?—I do not know how the Bank could change their mode of paying bank-notes ; if I have a bank-note and I want sovereigns for it, I have no occasion to tell the Bank for what I want it, but they must pay upon the demand. The question does not assume any doubt of that ; but the question assumes that the Bank might be justified io diminishing their issues if the demand for gold were to be inconvenient, when they might not be justified if the de mand was limited and for a special object, the extent of which was known to the Bank ?—The demand for gold is upon a different principle. There is no man in this kingdom who can send away so large a sum of gold at once as will make the Bank alarmed. The gold goes out gradually ; it does not go all in one week or one month ; it will go in five or six months' time ; and if it is an ope ration for supplying a Government, it is not all wanted at the same time ; the Government abroad want it one month after another, and they give time enough for col lecting it. If there is a bad harvest, and any large quantity of gold goes abroad, every merchant will know it ; if gold is wanted in Ilamburgh, every body will know it; if gold is wanted in Amsterdam, the exchanges will let you kwon it ; if gold is wanted for an army, the Bank will know it immediately ; if gold is wanted for the importation of corn, for importation of wool, or for any other importation, the exchanges themselves will show it. Supposing that any capitalists are engaged in making a great payment at any one time abroad, ought the Bank to take that into consideration, and to diminish the circu lation of the country, in order to counteract that expert ut gold ?—No, I do not think the Bank has any right to in terfere in any such kind of transactions : because, if mo nied people are engaged in those transactions, and they cannot get gold at two per cent., they will give five pet cent., and therefore it will do no good for the Bank to make a scarcity of money when they cannot control it, un less the law shall be, that no man in this country shall make any foreign loan ; but as long as the law is, that every person here can make a loan, and do whatever he likes with his money, it will do no good to interfere. Supposing the bullion is drawn from the Bank by pay ing an amount of bank-notes, do you think that the Bank ought to take any extraordinary steps to issue those notes again to the public ?—lt depends upon how the Bank feel,. it ; if the Bank feels itself strong enough, it may do it ; but they must act according to their means. Would not the effect of the batik-notes being paid ir, order to draw out gold from the Bank, be to diminish the amount of the circulation of the country to the amount to which the notes were so paid in ?—There is no doubt of it. Do you think, then, that in such case the flank ought to go into the market and purchase Exchequer-bills or other securities, in order to push its notes out again, be yond what the usual demands of the commerce would re quire?—lt depends upon circumstances : if there is a general war. the Busk should prutact itself; but if there Is not that increased demand from abroad in conse quence of the cheapness of price here, the mode in which the exchanges turn and are rectified?—The exportation may be more from the Custom house, but I do not think the consumption will be increased ; if goods are too cheap, they will not sell so well. You have stated that you consider that ti e exchange, but for foreign loans and for advances to foreign Govern ments, would be almost always, under mere commercial transactions, in favour of this country?—Yes, unless you have a great importation of corn. Will you state the grounds upon which you consider that to be the case ?—lf you send manufactured goods abroad, you send them gradually, and you receive your remittances every month gradually for them ; but if y.:ir have an importation of corn, every corn-merchant writes abroad, and gets his corn shipped immediately, and the bills are drawn, and a great quantity of bills comes all it once from the continent. If the exchanges be in the long-run almost invariably in favour of this country, must not that be because there is a considerable balance owing from other countries to this? —Yes. How do you consider that there is a considerabl ba lance owing from other countries to this ?—Because Eng land is the place of settlement f. , ti the whole world ; what is wanting in India, in the Brazils, &c. gets settled here ; and secondly, suppose you import iron from Sweden, if you receive 1,0001. worth of iron and manufacture, you will then get 10,0001. for it, and then, when it is mann. factored, it is sent to all the world. Suppose you get cotton from America, the cotton costs there 3d. or 6,1. pound, but when it is manufactured, that pound of cotton is worth four times as much. In the regular course of things, the exchange with every country must be in favour of this. But upon the oilier side, wool awl other com modities come in here from abroad. Besides which, there are a great many English living abroad, and when loans are made, or when corn or wool, &c is imported, certainly the exchange will go against you, but not for any length of time. You consider, then, that it arises from this country being the great emporium for the commercial transactions of the world I—Certainly ; if this country is left alone, 1 think it is the first country in the world. . . And, therefore, the more that can be done to make this country the emporium of the trade of the world, the mure advantageous it is ?—Yes. Do you think the quantity of commodities that we ex port or import depends upon the quantity of B ink-notes in circulation P—No ; that will depend entirely on the re lative supplies and demands in the several markets. Do net you think tbat when money is abundant, dis counts are easily obtained, and the p-ices of commodities are rather high ?—Of course when money is abundant, hills are easily discountable, but that does not influence materially : the price of commodities depends entirely upon the importation ; if you have plenty of commodities from the rest of the world, persons will buy them, and they keep a fair price. If your opinion be true, that if there were no importa tion of corn into this country, and if there were no foreign loans wanted from this country, the exchanges would ►lways be in favour of this country, must not it inevitably !ollow that all the gold and silver in the world must come to this country?—lt will tend to come here. Must not there be some counteracting check ?—Yes, if there was n st, the world could ❑ot go on; if we had not sometimes importations of corn, and sometimes foreign loan. wanted, I do not know how the people on the Con tinent could live. You have taken into consideration the commodities that go out, but have you taken into consideration the wine and other articles brought here for consumption ? If it were not for those things, I do not know what would become of the people abroad. Do not you think that all the articles of luxury con sumed here in exchange for British manufactured articles, have a tendency to correct the exchanges ?—Partly. What are the materials by which you form your jurl. ment?—By dealing extensively i❑ bills I can judge. The bills on wine and brandy are of no great consequence ; 'hey may amount to a couple of millions or thereabout ; but in times of quiet, I purchase regularly, week by week, from 80,0001. to 100,0001. worth of bills, which are drawn for goods shipped from this country. You think that, putting aside the foreign loans and the importation of corn into this country, there is such a sur plus of articles exported from this country above those im ported, that there is a regular payment of gold from the whole world to this country ?—Certainly, that is my opi nion ; I experience it so in my own business. In order to form a judgment upon the subject, is it not necessary to take into account the whole transactions of the empire, and not to judge merely from the transactions ,if any individual merchant ?—.The result proves it, because what I receive in large sums, other people receive in small sums. I buy on the Exchange bills drawn from Liver pool, Manchester, Newcastle, and other places, and which come to every banker and merchant in London. I pur chase 6,0001. or 7,0001., and sometimes 10,000/. of those bills in a week, and I send them to the Continent to my , louses; my houses purchase against them bills upon this country, which are drawn for wine, wool, and other corn.. inodities ; but if there is not a sufficient supply of hills abroad on this country, we are obliged to get gold from Paris, Hamburgh, and other places, which proves that he bills drawn upon the Royal Exchange must bring the told from those countries. How do we get rid of the gold ?—lt is drawn out of tlie Bank in the shape of coin. Likewise the increase of po pulation has a great tendency to augment the demand for specie. Did the run that took place two months ago take the <old out of the country ?—No ; it was caused by demands in the country. _ . • If gold is constantly flowing in, does it not produce the very effect which you consider so desirable for this coun try—namely, to make the currency abundant?—Certainly. Does it not happen, that the more gold there is, the higher the price of commodities will be?—l do not think so, May not the excess partly be taken off in gold plate?--. Certainly. Does not what you have stated prove that there is a gradual impoverishment of every other country in the world ?—I do not know that ; because you must consider he quantity of gold we receive from the mining countries. We bought lately in Paris 800,0001. of cold, which came .rom the Dey of Algiers, that was locked up in his cellar, and did nobody any good. If other countries are not able to pay their debts to U 9 by sending to us the commodities they produce, but are obliged to send us gold, must they not be in a state of gradual impoverishment?,--Certainly; and what is the consequence ? The result is, that we always make a loan when they get very poor ; they always come for a loan of 3,000,000 or 10,000,000, or whatever they want. Do you think that they are in a state of gradu it de cay ?—I do not say they are decaying, but they may want money occasionally. Do you consider the occasional demand for corn in this country, in large quantities, to be one of the causes which operate most upon the exchanges ?—Yes ; because if any person imports corn largely from abroad, he wishes to tiring it to market immediately. Most persons who deaf in corn have but limited credit, they draw their bills im mediately, and sell them without reference to the exchang , ', and that always has an effect. Therefore the demand for corn occurring only occasi,n ally, when it occurs it disturbs the exchanges, rind acts injuriously on the currency of this country?—Certainly. How were we paid for our goods durine tie Bank re ,triction, when we did not require gold ?—The 13,1; pa per was exactly like money, the exchanges on Auisteida went down at last to eight guilders, stud it is Dow at 12