The Sun. — London, England, 1853-07-06 00:00:00

THEATRE ROYAL. HAYMARKET. Under the management of Mr. Bnekatone. THIS EVENING, Ja' 6, 'Will be performed THE CRUEL KINDNESS. Characters by Messrs. B. Sullivan, Buckstone, &c.; Mrs. Fitzwilliam, &c. TO be followed by MR. BUCKSTON.E'S ASCENT OF MOUNT FAIL N AS*US. Alter which (by desire) A ROUGEI DIAMOND. To conclude with TRE BOARDING SCHOOL BALL. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. Charles Kean. THIS EVENING, JuLT 6, Will be performed the Tragedy of MACBETH. Principal cha racters by Mr. and Mrs. C. Kean. To conclude with TURNING THE TABLES. Characters by Messrs. Harley, J. Vining, Chester, /Lad Everett ; Mrs. W. Lacy, Misses Daly and C. Leelercq. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPIII. proprietor, Mr. B. Webster. —Directress, Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, JULY 6, win be performed GENEVIEVE. Characters by Messrs. Ben, Webster, A. Wigan, Leigh Murray, Keeley, Par:elle, Faul Bedford, 0. Smith, and C. J. Smith; Madame Celeste and Mrs. Keeley. After which (fifth time), THE CAMP AT CHOBHAM. After which, NORMA. To conclude with THE DANCING SCOTCHMAN. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. Farren. Great success of the New Drama. THIS EVENING, JULY 6, Will be performed LOVE AND AVARICE. Characters by Messrs. H. Farren, H. Marston, G. Cooke, and Molders ; Mesdames Ander ton and Bartlett. After which, an entirely New Burlesque, by Fran , is Tayourd, Esq., entitled SHYLOCK, or, THE MERCHANT OF "VENICE PRESERVED." Shylock, Mr. F. Robson; Portia, Miss Fielding (in consequence of the indisposition of Mrs. A. Phillips.) To conclude with THE WANDERING MINSTREL. Jem Boggs, Mr. F. Robson. ASTLEY'S - ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Sole Lemke and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke. Nichtly Equestrian Galas. —Extraordinary Feats of Equitation.— FASTIOULAR NOTICE.—The grand national spectacle of the Battle of Waterloo, one of the greatest glories of the immortal Welling ton, our Hero of a Hundred Fights, is nightly received by crowded and fashionable audiences with enthusiastic rapture. Visitors from the country are respectfully requested to note this warlike Spectacle, realising many features in continual practice by her Majesty's Troops at Chobbam. Commences at Seven o'clock. Miss Emily Cooke, the most talented juvenile equestrian 'artiste, will (by desire) appear everY night. THIS EVENING, JEW 6, And during the week, the Performances will commence with the grand national Spectacle of THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO, with more than its original brilliant effects. To be followed by Mr. W. Cooke's unsurpassable scenes In the Arena, introducing the most celebrated Artistes in Europe, combin ing the talent of the World's Wonder, Miss Emily Cooke, whose graceful performances have become the theme of admiration, her daring Leap through 16 balloons, both forward and backward, having created quite a furor. To conclude with the successful Hippo Drama of THE CHASE, or LIFE ON THE TURF—illustrating a Sporting Man's Career. By express desire of several Famines of distinction, and in accord ance with the flattering request, Mr. W. Cooke has made arrange ments to give another Grand Juvenile Morning Performance, And positively the Last, on WEDNESDAY, JULY 6. Box-uitiee open daily from Eleven to Four. Stage Manager, Mr, W. Weet. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. THIS EVENING, .Icrra 6, CHITS.AN and the FEAST OF LANTERNS. Splendid MENAGERIE, containing many hundred interesting Specimens of Natural History. clonrasy's unrivalled MlLusa!' BAIeD. Vocal and Instrumental Concert. Two Songs by Miss Cicely Nott. Solo, Clarionet, by Mona. Wuille. The whole con cluding with the most extraordinary spectacle ever exhibited, " The Feast of Lanters" and explosion of Chinese Fireships. Brilliant dis play of Fireworks by Southby. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. TRIS DAY —Morning 51 min. after 1 I Evening 9 min.aft. 2 To - Nmow—Morning, 27 min. after 2 I Evening 48 min.aft. 2 THE WEATHER.—Sum OFFICE, JULY 6. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 74—highest since noon yesterday. 60—lowest this morning and during the night. 76—this day at noon. BAROMETER, 30'05. WIND, S.W.—Light breeze, and cloudy at times. year of 225,1691., but a trifling decrease on the quarter of 3,6941. The last mentioned deficiency may be easily explained by the pendency of the measure for the renewal of the impost, as the col lectors were not willing to proceed too stringently, lest cases of great individual hardship might be adduced during the discussions in either House of Parliament. They will, now, however, resume their activity, or perhaps exhibit additional zeal and energy. The improvement on the year may be considered as indicating additional profits by the industrial middle classes, equivalent to nearly 7,700,000/. sterling during the period. In the Post-Office there is an increase of 25,0001. on the year, and of 21,0001. on the quarter ; while, in Crown Lands, the improve ment amounts to no less than 172,888/. ! on the year and 140,888/. !!! on the quarter. The beneficial effects of the excitement produced by Lord DUNCAN's celebrated inquiry, and the im proved management consequent thereon, being thus at length perceptible. The only item ex hibiting a falling off on both the year and the quarter is the " Miscellaneous," in which the the decrease on the year is 143,0361., and on the quarter 111,652/. So much for the ordinary sources from whence the National Exchequer is replenished. There are also improvements in the extraordinary branches—that under the head of imprest and other moneys, being for the year 163,7851., and for the quarter 44,071/. ; and, under Repayment of Advances, for the year, 479,5831., and for the quarter 207,9211. The general and widely diffused prosperity leading to greater punctuality on the part of the public debtors. The total increase, under all the heads for the entire year is 1,922,954/. ; and, on the quarter, of 1,146,6361., a truly astonishing result on which we heartily congratulate those to whose in dustry it is mainly, if not altogether, ascribable. Why then, with such an array of figures afford ing more convincing arguments than the most brilliant and effective orator could adduce, should there be a falling off in the price of Government Stock ? Stagnation, if not a panic in the share market. Nothing that can occur can make the matters worse than they are. The commence ment of actual hostilities, in which the Western Powers were actively engaged with the fleet or the troops of the CzAR, could not render matters worse, or make the quotations lower than at pre sent ; while the manifesto of the AUTOCRAT, a copy of which appeared in our impression of yes terday, shows that NICHOLAS, blinded as he is by the madness of ambition, still expressly avows that he has no intention of commencing war ; " that in occupying the provinces on the Danube, he only wishes to _hold a sufficient pledge to guarantee the re-establishment of his right, under any circumstances whatever." This, coupled with the distinct assertion that " he does not seek for conquests," may be regarded to a certain extent as a holding oat of the olive branch —an opening the way for new negotiations, that may bring matters, notwithstanding the present lowering aspect of the political atmosphere, to an auspicious and pacific termination. If so, every thing must experience an extraordinary and rapid advance, that must insure enormous profits to every person investing his money at present prices. But if, on the contrary, the contest should be forced on us—if the battle of constitutional free dom against despotic authority be forced upon us, we shall enter on it cheerfully, convinced of its speedy and satisfactory issue, while we are too well aware of the blessings of a just and equitable peace, to do anything that would risk its continuance while there is any prospect of an amicable arrange ment, consistent with the national honour and, the future security of Europe. We recently dropped the remark, that if an old trading company, or rather the caput mortuum of one, were so desirable for the Government of India, it was singular that the claims of actual traders to India should have been so entirely overlooked. We find the advantage of having, our commercial interests fully and fairly repre sented in our own Legislature. The East India Company when really a trading establishment, the West India interest, and other interests, have all felt it desirable to have a voice in the national councils; and we apprehend that none of our real statesmen, though not shirking the accus tomed joke at the " Manchester School" would like to see that school excluded from Parlia ment. The wiser of those who differ widely enough from it on many . points, still would not like to miss its peculiar knowledge on others. If, then, we must have double government in some form, if the President of the Board of Control must have an English council, and if the council must eonsist of eighteen mem bers, one-third of them nominated by Govern ment, why should not another third be chosen by all persons engaged in trade between England and India to a certain amount ? It is universally agreed that the annuitants whose dividends are a first charge on Indian revenue, can have but little peculiar interest in the prosperity of that country. We will not re-open the endless question whether they have effectually shown such an interest; their incomes, at least, can hardly be affected by it. On the other hand, every merchant actually en gaged in Indian commerce, and every manu facturer whose profits depend on the con suming powers of the natives, has a direct interest in the ability of his customers to pur chase. He has, moreover, the same interest in moderating the tendencies of the war party, which is of unquestionable service at home. Indeed, it were now almost a truism to mention that the in evitable consequence of Free Trade is to interest men, through mere selfish considerations alone, in the peace and wealth of the nations they deal with. A Birmingham, Manchester, or Sheffield merchant engaged in the Indian trade, has a per sonal concern in preventing such wars as make money scarce in India, and in the bulk of the people being in a condition to purchase his goods. He has the strongest interest, for the same reasons, in encouraging their productive powers as the grand source of wealth. Hence the efficient administration of justice, through which alone steady and sustained indus try is possible, irrigation, road making, railroad making especially, and all the points on which the Government of the last twenty years is accused of coming short, are subjects of pressing interest to the intelligent trader. What is there, then, un reasonable in the suggestion (always taking for granted the necessity of a double government) that one part of it should be chosen by the class we have mentioned ? They would be certain to elect East India Directors, if that name be re tained as sacred to the memory of departed mono poly, who have adequate knowledge mall thepoints which have been chiefly canvassed in the late debates. Less vitally concerned in the welfare of our Indian Empire than the present Directors they could not be. Nepotism and favouritism they dare not indulge in to the same extent ; indeed, we can think of no point of view in which they would be a whit behind the immaculate twenty four who are so soon to be reduced to twelve. While we can think of many, in which on the most common calculations from human nature, they must have greatly the advantage of them. Impartial and practical men may well think that India would be none the worse for Mr. BRIGHT'S and Mr. COBDEN'S sitting on one side a Council table, of which Sir JAS. HOGG and Mr. MASTER yontothaedmotihniesrt.er, n a roAtN merely l a t r o d w d !l e i i c d h e has on A bu l : 43 measures and projects of all kinds for 150 mil lions of people, wants a vigorous opposition in it as much as our Houses of Parliament. And it is qu it e supposable that six nominees of Government —all men of official Indian experience —with six of the old sort of Directors, qualified by Sir C. WOOD'S determination to retain them, might mingle in advantageous discussion with six persons selected by commercial men to represent English and Indian commercial interests. More of Indian • doings would assuredly b e come public 2 much of the deprecated mystery would be dispelled ; the Autocratic President would be closely watched in connection with the suspicious "secret" and "poli tical" dispatches. Indeed, that th e presence suspect presence of six such Directors, liable especially if cable reiviouably frequent re-election or _ f ' LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 6, 1853. THE QUARTER'S REVENUE. The Revenue returns for the financial year and quarter terminating on the sth inst., which will be found in another part of This day's im pression, afford the most conclusive evidence of the beneficial results attending the partial adop tion of the Free-trade policy of unrestricted com petition, and the almost miraculous elasticity of the national resources. They also exhibit another and very powerful illustration of the accuracy of the fiscal paradox, that reduction or even aboli tion of duties do not tend to a proportionate loss of revenue, but that they are sometimes followed by even increased revenue, the reduction being compensated by increased consumption, and the abolitions by ample equivalents from other sources. We have, indeed, seldom or ever wit nessed a return so satisfactory, or in which the extraordinary effects of sound fiscal principles are more strongly exemplified. It proves that the American story of the tradesman who determined to spend all his profits for a certain time in advertisements, but found that it was im possible to do so, inasmuch as his gains grew even more rapidly than his expenditure, in obtaining additional publicity, was not so very extravagant after all. And that it is more than paralleled by the fiscal experiments which have been tried since the departed statesman—the lamented Sir ROBERT Pi vi—gave in his adhesion to the wiser policy, and commenced reforming our tariffs without waiting for what was termed reciprocity from other nations. Under such cir cumstances, with such striking proofs of the won derful financial resources of the United Kingdom, what have we to dread from the reckless or aggressive conduct of despotic powers ? Why should we fear anything which the insolent auda city of the AUTOCRAT, intoxicated with the pos session of absolute authority, may lead him to attempt. In the industry of our people we possess the true ALADDIN'S lamp, which will pro tect us from all perils, and drive those who may for a time disregard our friendship, speedily to sue for a renewal of commercial intercourse. We are too good customers to allow Russia to dis pense with the British demand for her raw ma terials. The document is, indeed, truly satisfac tory; and no less satisfactory than it is sur prising. Looking at the different items of which the en tire balance-sheet is composed, we find nothing to abate the feelings of gratification arising on the first cursory inspection. In the Customs, it is true, that there is a trifling falling off of 57,4121. on the year, which is partially attributable to the reductions of duty that came into operation during its continuance, but in a greater degree to the suspense occasioned by the delay in bringing for ward the " Budget," and the unwillingness of commercial men to engage in any extensive ope rations, until acquainted with the details of the financial scheme. But the moment that impedi ment was removed, there was an immediate rally. We accordingly find the improvement on the last quarter, when compared with the corresponding one of 1852, to amount to no less than 441,1731. ! The test of our foreign trade, therefore, shows that there is great activity prevailing in that im portant department. • In the Excise, which is justly regarded as indi cating the comforts enjoyed by the labouring population, and as a necessary consequence, their full occupation at remunerative prices, when each man able and willing to work is sure of obtaining gc a fair day's wages for a fair day's labour," the result is even more satisfactory. There is an in crease on the year of 531,1951. ! and on the 101/. ! !—thus showing a gra d ual quarter of 35 2 , and steady i m provement, likely to prov e more permanent than one of greater rapidity. We must also remember that the anticipated abolition of the Soap Duties occasioned a general diminu tion of stocks, parties being unwilling to increase the quantity of duty-paid stock when there is au early prospect of the article being so speedily ob tained at a much lower price. This renders the improvement on the quarter even more remark able than it would otherwise have been. Under the head of Stamps, although some ap prehensions were entertained of a falling off, in consequence of the expectations of reductions, we _s.;,-. ~fixd that there i s an i ncrease on the year and also cOlo quarter—the form er 7., 1 ,44: , 1 ,40 1 70 f-A 74,4 8 7/. , the latter Cw 4 - ( X.,,f44 ' T axes, let additional receipts for the r 4, iC ke , ( 'allowing an im rove -48,32-2/. While in year amount .00 51 • 345 L, and for the quarter to 776/. mount lk. ..... r.f . ‘44o) ,Ai i " Property Tax," as it i,, , ..,,,, v- A .41 - ~ '.)-- ternitia,:, where the hard earnings of -.. the interest, or an _ •" '',o * ' and -iiitelleetual labourers are taken int o a p ,Z sical unt, '4 .'' axid 'taxed as highly as the dividends, 4 nual produce of the best descriptions of accumulated and realised property, there is an, imams on the THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 6, 1853. rejection, would expedite by many years the ter mination of the reign of practical irresponsibility and actual mystery. But the patronage ! To think of trusting any of the patronage to the elect of manufacturers and merchants ! The old Directors at least can say not a word against that, seeing that they themselves once enjoyed, as mer chants, the whole of the patronage. Neither can the thick-and-thin supporters of Govern ment object, unless they can prove any spe cial qualifications in the remnant of the twenty four, as compared with the persons whom the intelligent men of commerce would choose. The details concerning qualifications of candi dates, and the amount of trade which should confer a vote, with other minor matters, we leave to our Indian Reformers. Even should they not think our suggestion feasible, they will allow it to be quite as good as Sir OHARLPS WOOD'S reten tion of twelve old School Directors. And it must be borne in mind we merely offer it after the late division. We should certainly have voted to throw out the bill altogether. LATEST FOREIGN NEWS. FRAN CE. The Minister of the Marine left Paris yesterday on a tour of inspection of the Channel ports and the ports from Havre to Bordeaux. A Regatta took place yesterday at Saint Denis ; much interest was manifested in the racing. The English Amateur Racing Club, who have lately been successful in several matches agreed to row in French boats and against equal numbers, the latter having disputed the superiority of their rowing. The English were, however, again suc cessful in winning all the first prizes. The Assemblee Nationale again expresses its dis satisfaction at the conduct of the Emperor of Russia. A few days have sufficed to effect a won derful change in the language of this journal, lately so devoted to the interests of Russia. It has be come at once national and rational ; it has even found sympathy for the Porte, which it had accused of weak pride. It has not, however, as will be seen by the following extract, ceased to be anti- English, although England gives its aid to a feeling which it now declares to be indispensable. In fact, the whole of the Parisian journals are unanimous in their reprobation of the proceedings of the Em peror of Russia. Imperialists, Orleanists, Repub licans, and even Legitimists, concur in the view that they take of the question. What a moral condemnation this is of a policy which attempts to defend itself by diplomatic subtlety ! A further improvement took place yesterday in the Public Securities, combined with great acti vity in business, the advance being considerable in the Three per Cents., both in the quotations for money and the end of the month. The final prices were—For Cash—Three per Cents., 77f. ; Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 102 f. 10c. For the Account—Three per Cents., 77f. 10c. ; Four-and a-Half per Cents., 102 f. Bank Stock, 2,650 f. Shares of the Societe Mobiliere advanced con siderably yesterday, closing at 760 f., being an im provement of 45f. ; those of the Mortgage Bank still remain at 650 f. The Railway Share Market was also active, and a general improvement in that description of security took place. The final quo tations were :—Northern, 862 f. 50c ; Orleans, 1,070 f. ; Paris and Strasbourg, 902 f. ; Paris and Lyons, 902 f. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen and Prince Albert, accompanied by the Prince and Princess of Prussia and the Prince of Hohen lobe Langenburg, left town for Windsor at 25 minutes before 10 o'clock yesterday morning. The Royal suite consisted of the Countess of Mount Edgcumbe, the Coun tess von Hacke, Lord Alfred Paget, Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. A. Gordon, and Count Goltz. Her Majesty and the illustrious party travelled by a special train on the Great Western Railway, and, on reaching the Windsor station, proceeded in several of the Queen's carriages to Virginia Water, and afterwards went to the Royal lodge, where luncheon was served. The Queen and Prince Albert and the Royal circle re turned by the same route to London, arriving at Buck ingham Palace at half-past 4 o'clock, escorted by a de tachment of the Royal Horse Guards. The Queen, accompanied by the Prince and P r i ncess of Prussia, honoured the Royal Italian Opera with her presence last evening. The Royal suite consisted of the Countess of Mount-Edgcumbe, the Countess von Hacke, the Countess Oriolla, Lord Camoys, Lord Alfred Paget, Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. A. Gordon, Count Puckler, Count Goltz, and Count Boos. The Duchess of Kent, accompanied by the Prince of Hohenlohe Langenburg and the Princess Adelaide, and attended by Lady Anna Maria Dawson and Lord James Murray, also honoured the performance with her presence. Lord Camoys has relieved the Marquis of Ormonde in his duties as the Lord in Waiting to the Queen, and Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. Robert Boyle has succeeded Major-General Berkeley Drummond in his duties as Groom in Waiting to her Majesty. The Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt had a quarterly meeting at the official residence of the Chancellor of the Exchequer in Downing-street yes terday. There were present—the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Governor of the Bank of England, and the Deputy-Governor. Sir Alex. Spearman, Secretary and Controller-General to the Commissioners, attended. The Marquis of Bristol had an interview with the Earl of Aberdeen yesterday at his official residence in Down ing -street. urge comm e obe c i t t i t o e n e s a o g f a i t n h s e t A t h n e t e i - c S cl t e a s t i e . a C s h t A ur i c a " o h deputationAs provisions so ct Association, no° of to o li t e uh burial-grounds act, had an inter view with Sir W. Molesworth yesterday at the office of Works and Public Buildings in Whitehall-place. The deputation consisted of—Mr. Hadfield, M.P., Mr. Miall, M.P., Mr. Crossley, M.P., Mr. Bell, M.P., Mr. Kershaw, M.P., Mr. Heyworth, M.P., Mr. Pellatt, M.P., Mr. J. Carrell Williams (secretary), the Rev. Alexander Goode, Mr. G. J. Cockerell, and the Rev. Robert Eckett. Dr. Bowring and Governor Barkly had interviews yesterday with the Duke of Newcastle at the Colonial office. A deputation, to present a memorial for the repeal of the malt-tax and hop duties, had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday at his official re sidence in Downing-street. The deputation consisted of—Messrs. G. Rushbridger, G. Lear, James Law rence, J. H. Hopkins, S. Duke, H. Duk e , R. Cosens, E. Rabin, Mullens Dennett, G. Smith, G. Coote, J. Wyatt, W. Death, J. Jupp, Henry Hardwick, and J. Brown. DIPLOMATIC CHIT CHAT.—His Excellency the Bel gian Minister at the Court of Vienna, the Count O'Sullivan de Grass, will attend the future Duchess of Brabant to Belgium. The ceremony, it is expected will take place the third week in the ensuing month. Col. de Moerkerke has been appointed first equerry to the future Duchess. Mr. Buchanan, the newly appointed United States Minister to England, is expected to arrive, with his Secretary of Embassy (Mr. Appleton), about the 20th from New York. Lord Augustus Loftus proceeds forthwith to Berlin, from Stutgardt, having been appointed secretary to Lord Bloomfield's embassy, vice Henry F. Howard, who is on the eve of assuming the diplomacy at Rio. PRICE or GOLD.—The quotation of gold at Paris is about at par (according to the last tariff), which at the English Mint price of 31.175. 10d. per ounce for stan dard gold, gives an exchange of 25.17; and the exchange at Paris on London at short, being 25.024, it follows that gold is about 0.58 per cent. dearer in Paris than in London. By advices from Hamburg the price of gold is 427 per mark, which, at the English Mint price of 31. 17s. 104 d. per ounce for standard gold, gives an ex change of 13.6 ; and, the exchange at Hamburg on short being 13.41, it follows that gold is 0.82 per cent. dearer in Hamburg than in London. The course of ex change at New York on London for bills for 60 days' sight is 110 per cent., and, the par of exchange between England and America being 109 23.40 per cent., it fol lows that the exchange is nominally 0.42 per cent. in favour of England ; and, after making allowance for charges of transport, the present rate leaves a small profit on the importation of gold from the United States. SOUTH SEA COMPANY.—The half-yearly Court of the South Sea Company took place yesterday, for the pur pose of declaring a dividend. The sub-governor (Mr. C. Franks) read the accounts, from which it appeared that the income was 146,4221., and the expenditure 81,162/., leaving a balance of 65,2601. After making the usual distribution of 11 per cent., the surplus stand ing to the credit of the company is 1,161/. ODESSA.—The accounts fiorn - Odessa reach to the 24th of June. There was no mitigation of the uncertainty of the war question, but business continued its course, and would have been very active but for the scarcity of ship ping, and the consequent extravagant rise in the rates of freight. The transactions in wheat for the Mediter ranean had been rather extensive, at a slight advance on former prices. SCRIP RECEIPTS AND CERTIFICATES.—According to one of the resolutions proposed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and just adopted by the House of Commons, all scrip receipts or certificates issued by joint-stock or other companies must henceforth bear a penny stamp. This measure has afforded satisfaction in the Stock Exchange, since, apart from any advantage it may yield to the revenue, it will give the dealers in these securi ties an additional guarantee against forgery. On the formation of a company the scrip receipts intended to be issued will go through the Stamp-office, and, if pro per precautions are taken not to pass any further quan tity without due authority, any person forging these documents would also have to forge the Government stamp. COLONIAL BANK.—At the meeting of the Colonial Bank held yesterday the dividend declared was at the rate of 3 per cent. per annum, and the report and ac counts were unanimously adopted. The chairman (Mr. C. Marryatt) explained that the progress of business, considering the disadvantageous position in which some of the West India colonies remained, was on the whole satisfactory. With regard to Jamaica, the appointment of Mr. H. Barkly as governor, would, it was anticipated, exercise a beneficial influence on the future course of its affairs. In answer to questions it was mentioned that one of the clerks engaged in the branch in that island had committed frauds to an amount of nearly 1,0001., and that, although the bank possessed security, it was not available, owing to the manner in which they had been practised. A subsequent investigation having shown that they had in all probability arisen from laxity on the part of the manager and the accountant, those officers have been removed. In connection with the increase of business, it was stated that the profits within the last four years have steadily improved from 25,0001. to 33,9001. CUSTOMS.—From a return just issued, it the that in the year ended the sth January last, the Customs revenue was 22,312,5131., and the total cost of collection 1,268,4211. The value of exports was 219,545,6991., and of imports 109,345,4091. The tonnage inwards and outwards was 16,130,149. The number of Customs officers was 11,691. A GENTLEMAN FOUND SHOT.—SUPPOSED SUICIDE AT WOOLWlCH.—Yesterday morning, between 12 and 1 o'clock, as policeman Norton, R 87, was passing an avenue at the back of the Royal Albert Tavern, Kidd street, Woolwich, he observed a male person on the ground, at the entrance of it. Upon moving him, he found that he showed no signs of life, upon which he called up Mr. Purland, surgeon, George-street, adjoin ing, who found that life had been some time extinct. He then discovered that there was a large hole at the back of his neck, as if from a pistol shot wound. A search was made, upon which a pistol was picked up near where the deceased was lying, and which had been recently discharged. Another pistol was taken out of his pocket, and this also was loaded. The body of the unfortunate man was then taken on a stretcher to the bonehouse, adjoining the church. The deceased was most respectably dressed. He had on a brown frock coat, a black satin figured vest, a black satin necker chief, in which was a gold pin of an octagon shape, set with rubies, a pair of white cotton drawers, marked " T. 8.," a pair of Wellington boots, the makers' name Hall and Son, Windsor, &c. The name on the pistols, which were inlaid with silver in the stock, was T. Nock, London. Information was forwarded to Mr. Carttar, the coroner for Kent. HONESTY REWARDED. On Monday an insolvent found, in the court of Mr. Commissioner Phillips, where he was heard, a pocket-book containing notes to upwards of 1001. He communicated the fact to an officer of Whitecross-street Prison, and it was placed in safe cus tody. The property has been owned, and 51. was left for the insolvent as a reward for his honesty. THE EMPEROR NICHOLAS. —it is understood that credits lately opened in London in favour of a member of the family of the Emperor Nicholas/ who was expected to have visited England in the course of the present summer, wore withdrawn on Monday, the visit having been'abandoned. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY-(THIS DAY). Mr. Commissioner Fonblauque was the commissioner of the day, but there was no public business before the Court. LORD HIINTINGTOWER. In this case proceedings were taken, and Lord Hunt ingtower was declared bankrupt, and surrendered. Mr. Carttar, of Greenwich, is solicitor to the fiat. SECONDARIES COURT-(THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Secondary Potter.) WHITE V. WILCOX. This was an action to recover the sum of 101. on a bill of exchange. The defendant pleaded that he did not accept, but his handwriting was most distinctly proved, and the only question was as to costs, the plaintiff residing in Curzon street, near Mayfair, and defendant at Walham-green , being in separate districts of the County Court, which it was contended justified the plaintiff in bringing an action in the Superior Court. Mr. Wordsworth was heard in support of the appli cation, but the learned secondary decided that he could not interfere. INGRAM V. HALES AND ANOTHER. Libel.—This was an inquiry to assess damages in an action for libel, the defendants having suffered judgment to go by default. The plaintiff is the well known ship-owner, and the defendants are nominal defendants, representing the Daily News newspaper. The libel complained of was that the defendants had asserted in that paper that one of his vessel (the "Coromandel"), which had been taken up by Government as an emigrant ship, was unsound, whereas it had been surveyed by two surveyors of Lloyd's, and also by the Government surveyor, and ap proved. There was a great number of witnesses to be ex amined, and the case is likely to last all day. CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. (THIS DAY.) OLD COURT. (Before Mr. Justice Talfourd.) THE CASE OF ABORTION AT CLAPHAM. Charles Cunningham, aged 48, James Thompson Currie, aged 47, both described as surgeons, and George Thomas, aged 33, described as a chemist, -who were re manded from last session, were placed in the dock on an indictment charging them with feloniously and unlaw fully using a certain instrument with the view to produce the miscarriage of a young female named Eliza, Mardon. There was also another indictment against them, charging them with administering certain noxious drugs with a view to produce the same effect. _ _ Mr. Parry and Mr. Sleigh Conducted the prosecution ; and Mr. Clarkson and Mr. Serjeant Miller appeared for Cunningham ; Mr. Robinson for Thomas ; and Mr. Duncan for Currie. Mr. Parry opened the case on the part of the prose cution at considerable length ; but as the whole circum stances connected with it have already been placed be fore the public, it will be unnecessary to repeat them here, more especially as they are of a character scarcely fit for publication. He said the indictment was framed under the Ist of Victoria, cap. 85, sec. 6, which made the act charged against the prisoners felony. The young lady, who was the subject of the inquiry (Eliza Mardon), was 22 years of age, and was the daughter of a lady and gen- tleman in a respectable sphere of life; they kept a lodging house in Ely-place, Holborn, and there lived with them, as a lodger, the Rev. Chas. Geo. Campbell Gordon, who was the curate of St. Andrew's, Holborn. Miss Mar don was in the habit of waiting upon him, and while acting in that capacity an improper intimacy took place between them, which was frequently repeated, and re sulted in her becoming in the family way. The learned counsel then stated that as soon as the proceedings of the prisoners were discovered, the Rev. Mr. Gordon disappeared, and that, though every search had been made, they had not succeeded in apprehending him yet, and they feared he had made good his escape. Miss Mardon was then placed in the witness-box, and examined and cross-examined at considerably length. She was very girlish in appearance, and did not seem to be near 22 years of age. She looked somewhat pale and delicate. Her manner was rather prepossessing, and she gave her evidence with very great distinctness, and without the slightest hesitation. The trial will probably occupy the court until a late hour in the evening. NEW COURT. (Before the Recorder.) Steward Spriggs, 39, warehouseman, pleaded guilty to an indictment charging him with having absconded front his bankruptcy. _ _ Mr. Clarkson appeared for the prisoner, and in miti gation of sentence, said that the prisoner had taken this course of his own accord, having since his return, given all the information he could to his creditors, and the re sult had been that the estate would pay 15s. in the pound. The learned counsel then went into the history of the case giving rise to these proceedings, which was briefly thus :—The prisoner had been warehouseman in Aldermanbury, and in the autumn of last year was made bankrupt. lie subsequently absconded, and set sail for Australia, and the creditors being made aware of the fact, sent an officer, named Falchoner, who set sail a few days afterwards, and reached the port a few days before the vessel arrived containing the prisoner, whom Falchoner at once apprehended, and took from him 2,3001. The prisoner was then brought back to England, and com mitted for trial. A long discussion arose about the allowing of the ex penses which was ultimately, in accordance with the Act of Parliament, referred to the justices at Guildhall to fix the amount previously to this court making the award. The expenses of the apprehension are said to be between 4001. and 500/. Sentence was deferred. X4ttion NEWMARKET RACES. (THIS DAY.) (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) TOWN PLATE. Nutpecker Nervous Five ran. HANDICAP PLATE. Sharavogue Musician Jack the Giant Killer Dead heat. Stakes divided. TWO-YEAR-OLD SWEEPSTAKES. Mary f by Paragon Macduff SWEEPSTKES OF TEN SOVS Chorus Waverley Sabra LATEST BETTING. ST. LEGER. 100 to 15 agst Sittingbourne (taken). WORCESTER. RACES. THIS DAY. (By Electric Telegraph. ) INNKEEPER'S PLATE. Lady Vernon Chilton Six ran. FLYING STAKES. A false start—race run over again. Le J01t . .. Grief Forester THIRD COURT. A jury was sworn in attendance at this court all the morning, but in consequence of the Common Sergeant being engaged, the trials had not commenced up to our going to press. EXPLOSION AT THE AYLESBURY RAILWAY STATION. —The inquest on the body of Joseph Guntriss, who was killed by the bursting of a boiler at the Aylesbury Rail way Station, was concluded on Monday last. From the evidence it appeared that the deceased was going to London with a cow by the luggage train, on the 2d of June, and that just before the train started the boiler of the locomotive burst, severely scalding Guntriss and Fleming, the engine driver. The deceased was conveyed to the Bucks Infirmary, where he died on the following Sunday. The inquest was held on the Monday, and was adjourned for a week, when it was again adjourned over to last Monday. A great number of witnesses were examined as to the cause of the accident, including some of'the most scientific engineers connected with the London and North-Western Railway, but the jury were unable to come to a definite conclusion on this point, and they returned the following verdict, which tacitly censures the railway management at Aylesbury :—"That the deceased, Joseph Guntriss, came to his death from scalds received by the bursting of the boiler of the engine No. 78, on the evening of June the 2d, 1853, but the jury have not sufficient evidence before them to enable them to ascertain the cause of such an explosion. The jury most strongly reprehend the practice of allowing any persons whatever travelling with goods or cattle to be placed on a break next to the engine, the danger of such a practice being proved by the death of the de ceased, and admitted by the fact that it is not suffered in passenger trains. The jury are of opinion there is not sufficient superintendence at the Aylesbury station after the station-master has left." CAPTURE OF A SHARK NEAR SCARBOROUGH. — On Tuesday morning a large fish, of the shark family, was taken in a trawling net, by the crew of a fishing yawl, about three miles northward from Scarborough Castle. Its dimensions were—length, 13 feet 2 inches ; circum ference, 12 feet 2 inches ; and its supposed weight 12 cwt. It required the united efforts of the crew, con sisting of four men and a lad, to draw the large animal on board the vessel.—Duriiont Advertioer. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. We have received by electric telegraph a dis patch from Vienna, dated yesterday (the sth), which announces that the Pruth was passed at Leova by the Corps' destined for the occupation of Wallachia, and at . Skouliamy by the Corps which is to invade Moldavia. General Gortschakoff was to arrive at Bucharest this day. The following is a continuation of the Con stantinople news of the 20th.. Thr armaments continue on a grand scale. Ammunition and pro visions are brought in from all quarters, and every vessel that leaves the port conveys troops to Varna, Shumla, or some other fortified place. It is believed that Omer Pasha, the Generallissimo of the Turkish-European , army, is already at Shumla. The fleet is completely armed, and the crews are far from unskilful. The American Commodore Stringham, and the officers of the frigate Cumberland, were admitted to, an au dience by the Sultan, who expressed his satis faction when Mr. Stringham observed that the exertions of his Highness to further the progress of the Turkish Empire excited the sympathy and ad miration of both the new and old world. The greatest activity prevails in the Mint. The impartial de Smyrne, which, by the by, does not merit its name, says—" Where the gold comes from no one knows, but that it is abundant is certain." The same paper has also learned from Neapolitan and Sardi nian vessels that seven Russian sail of the line and one frigate were seen in the Black Sea at about 70 miles from the Bosphorus. From Malta we have advices that the Porte has relinquished the idea of sending a diplomatic mission to St. Petersburg. The last news from Athens is of the 24th. The English Propaganda is represented as being extremely active. "Its object is to get pos session of Greta (Candia)." There appears to be a slight mistake here; instead of "English," it should be " Greek." In 1841 there was a great conspiracy in Candia, the 'object of which was to get rid of the supremacy of the Porte, and to join the kingdom of Greece. England fortunately discovered what was going on, and the plan was frustrated. The Russian party spread a re port that M. Forth-Rouen,the French Minister, had demanded permission o embark a few thou sand French soldiers in the Morea. This caused such a violent ferment, the Government considered it necessary to deny that any such request had been made. Everything is quiet in Syria, and the rumours that disturbances and anti-Christian de monstrations had occurred at Aleppo are totally false. According to the Constantinople correspondence of the Wanderer, June 20, the Russian post and police officials are preparing to follow M. Balabine. The Porte has received news that the Ist corps of the Russian army and a cavalry division (two bri gades, or four regiments have entered Bessarbia. The strength of the army on the whole frontier— from Sebastopol to Chorim—is estimated by the Turks at 200,000 men. This is probably below the mark, as the irregular troops, without the Cossacks such as Kir g ises, Calmucks, and Baschkirs, amount to 30,000. The presence of these men, from the most remote Russian-Asiatic possessions proves how long Russia has been preparing for the pre sent moment. A part of the Russo-Danubian fleet has been towed up to Isakchi and Matshin. Seven teen larger vessels are at the confluence of the Pruth and Danube. Provisions have already be come -enormously dear at Constantinople ; the paper currency sinks in value from day to day, and trade is completely stagnant. The Lloyd has a leader on the Oriental question, the sense of which is, that the weaker must go to the wall :—" If the great man has gone too far, the little one must politely beg pardon, in order that the former may not attribute his own faults to the latter. The dignity of Russia, not its thirst for conquest, requires a sacrifice, and Turkey will have to make it." Bow if the western Govern ments understand the advantage of their position, this will hardly be the case. No well-informed person hero doubts that the bons offices of Austria have been bespoken by Russia. The Oest Correspondez of July 1 announces that, in consequence of an invitation " some time since given " by the Emperor Nicholas, several superior officers has accompanied Count Gyulai and the Gen. Aaron Steininger to the great Russian camp. On the 30th the Emperor was closeted with Count Gyulai, and in the evening the latter, accompanied by 16 officers and a Government messenger, left for Stettin, where a steamer was waiting for him. It is pos sible that the journey of Count Gyulai has nothing to do with the Oriental question, but it is far from probable. The Governor of Milan, as you are aware, was suddenly summoned by telegraph from Milan, and so much consequence was attached to his de parture on the 30th that orders were sent to the railroad authorities not to let the train start with out him. The Austrian deputation, or mission, which was accompanied to the railroad by Count Grunne, his Majesty's General-Adjutant, had with it four of the Court travelling carriages. The Constifrationnel says :—" The Journal de Frankfort has received a dispatch from Vienna of the 2d July relative to the passage of the Pruth and the entrance into Jassy of 12,000 Russians on June 25. It however gives the dispatch with marks of doubt. But that is only one half of the dispatch received by that journal. The second says :—‘ The' Journal de Constantinople declares that the fact of the Russians passing the real fron tiers of Turkey (the Danube) will be considered as a declaration of war.' What is the date of the Journal de Constantinople containing that declara tion ? Under what form is it given ? That is what the dispatch says nothing about." The Nouvelliste, of Hamburg, contains the fol lowing from St. Petersburg, of the 25th ult. : " The Emperor has not only inspected Cronstadt, but he has also gone to see the forts of Risbarch and Cronschlot. His Majesty testified to General Maslow, and to the other officers, his satisfaction at the rapidity with which the works are being exe cuted. Numerous promotions have taken place in the fleet." A letter from Vienna of June 30 th , in the Journal de Francfort, says :—" Communications from Odessa state that trade is c om p letel y stag nant, from the apprehension felt of seein g the p ort suddenly closed, and all ex portation and importa tion of goods being rendered imp ossible. Tip news from the Danubian principa lities are j ust as dis couraging; no one has any confi d e nce i n the future, and at in J their assyan ea d pit G al a . l , a , tz the foreign firms a re getting HOLLAND. On the Ist of this month, a bill to regulate the presented to the Se con d Ch amber of su perintendence of the State in matters o f pu bli c worship ws"General of Holland. Art. lof this bill leaves to the different religious Communions perfect liberty to organise themselves internally in every thing that concerns their worship and its exercise, but with the previous approbation of the Govern ment before being carried into execution. The other 13 articles of the bill are all more or less re strictive. They concern the oath to be sworn by the functionaries of public worship, ecclesiastical titles, jurisdiction, residence, dress, ere ction of churches, &c. • A letter from the Hague of the 2d states that according to information received from the various parts of the kingdom, the harvest promises to be abundant should no unforeseen calamity take place to injure the growing crops. SPAIN. The Madrid Gazette of the 30th ult. contain a royal decree ordering that the remains of the late Marquis de Valdegamas (Don.oso Cortes) shall, as a public testimony to his services to religion, so ciety, and the monarchy, be, at the public expense, removed from the church of St. Philippe du Roule at Paris, and be interred in the church of San Isidro el Real in Madrid. The journals contain no political news, but they ann ounce the , opening of the railway from Aranjuez to Trembleque. We learn by a telegraph dispatch dated Madrid, 2d, that in the council of Ministers which was held on the previous day it was decided that the solu tion of the pending questions should be postponed for a fortnight. GERMANY. The Boersenhalle of Hamburg contains a letter from . Husam (Schleswig) of the 29th ult., - which says :—" The printing establishment of Neier having been, two days back, placed under seal by the police, the weekly journal published at this place since 1824 has ceased to appear." A letter from Carlsruhe of the Ist, in the Ger man Journal of _Frankfort, says :—" The Arch bishop of Friburg has invited the Roman Catholic ecclesiastical council to cease its functions. A nega tive reply having been given, a second invitation has been addressed to it, with a menace of excom munication in case of non-compliance." The Queen of Greece, the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of Oldenbur g , the Prince Wasa, the Grand Duchess and the Prince Alexander of Hesse, all arrived at Hamburg an the 30th ult. The day after the King of Prussia, accompanied by the Queen and the Archduchess Sophia, arrived in the city to pay them a visit. It was the first time his Majesty has been in Hamburg since his acces sion to the throne, and great curiosity was mani fested to see large crowd assembling at the railway station to witness his arrival. Although travelling incognito under the name of Count de Zollein, his Majesty was waited on by the autho rities of the city and the diplomatic body. Ex tensive measures were taken to preserve order, and a number of police officers of a superior class accompanied the King from Berlin. The King of Prussia has just conferred the order of the Red Eagle first class on M. de Brourkere, and M. Liedtz, the Belgian Minister, on the occa sion of the sojourn of King Leopold at Berlin. A Berlin letter states that the Minister of Pub lic Worship of Prussia has just issued an order prohibiting the " Paul and Virginia," of Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, from being read in any of the establishments of education of the country. A domiciliary visit was made on the 30th ult. at the residence of Dr. Wittmann, member of the Second Chamber, at Mentz. The object is said to have been to seize a pamphlet written by him, and recently published, relative to the affair of M. Muller Melchoirs. ITALY. In its sitting of the 30th ult. the Piedmontese Senate, in addition to several bills of local interest, voted one for the repair and excavation of the ports of the State, and another introducing certain modi fications in the customs' tariff. A bill was pre sented for the abolition of the pillory. A letter from Florence, of the 28th ult., in the Corriere Mercantile ' announces the arrest there o f an advocate named Vecchietti, on a charge of cri minal correspondence with several refugees in fo reign countries. _ The Tuscan Monitore, of the 28th ult., contains a Grand Ducal decree concerning the artillery of the State. The present regiment is to be dissolved, and immediately re-organised under the name of Artillery-corps, and is to be composed of one divi sion of artillery, one squadron of workmen, and two battalions of continental cannoniers stationed along the coast. The committee appointed for the liquidation of liabilities of property under sequestration in Lom bardy is now in full activity, having announced its installation in the Palace of the Lieutenancy at Milan, in the Eco della Borsa of the 22d ult. A letter from Genoa, in the Parlamento of Turin of the Ist mentions a rumour current at Florence, to the effect that Guerrazzi had been offered exile by the Tuscan government in commutation of any punishment which might .be pronounced against him, if he would engage not to write any political or historical work on the events of '4B and '49. THE MEDITERRANEAN. The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Com pany's ship Indus, Captain John Soy, arrived at South ampton yesterday, bringing the heavy portion of the East India, China, Australian, and Mediterranean mails, in charge of Lieutenant Stephens, R.N., Admiralty agent., Her dates are—Alexandria, June 22 ; Malta, 26 ; Gibraltar, July 1. The freight list comprises— 3 packages specie, 6 casks currants, 73 boxes lemons, 5 boxes stonework, 66 bags squills, 2 bales woollens, 222 bales silks, 174 bales flax, 2 bags elephants' teeth, 17 cases torahs, 94 bales wool, 1 box pearls, 12 boxes shawls, 2.boxes tortoiseshell, and 73 packages general merchandise. The Indus has experienced fine weather throughout the voyage, but from Gibraltar the winds have been from the northward. She brings 51 passengers, among whom are—Lieutenant-General Sir Joseph Thackwell, from Calcutta, Captain Thackwell, and the Hon. C. A. Murray, Consul-General in Egypt. Sir Joseph Thack well was received at Southampton with every mark of attention from the authorities, instructions to that effect having been received from London. The intelligence brought by the Indus from India, China, and Australia has been anticipated by the over land express. The screw steam-ship Frankfort, five and a-half days from Liverpool, arrived at Gibraltar on the 27th ult., and proceeded to Genoa and Leghorn. The steamer Militia, from Constantinople, arrived at Gibraltar on the 29th, and cleared for Liverpool. T.HE BURIAL-GROUNDS BILL. The Committee of the Anti-state-church Association have adopted and published the following resolutions in condemation of this measure : " That this Committee, having hadunder consideration the ecclesiastical provisions of the bill for empowering local Boards of Health to provide burial grounds, regards them as being in a high degree unjust, offensive, and de trimental to the public interests. That, notwithstanding that the proposed burial grounds will be provided at the cost of the ratepayers generally, a portion of each is required to be " consecrated," and will thereby be devoted exclusively to burials according to the rites of the Church Establishment. That there is nothing in the bill to prevent the whole being so monopolised, and even where any portion is un consecrated it cannot be used until the other part has been consecrated, and is to be invidiously distinguished from it. In like manner a chapel is to be erected for burials accord ing to the rites of the Establishment exclusively, while the erection of any other is optional on the part of the local boards. " That the bill gives to the bishop of the diocese in which a burial ground may be situated extraordinary and dan gerous powers ; requiring that all bye-laws concerning consecration, the burial of members of the Establishment, and compensation to the clergy for loss of fees for services which they will no longer render, shall receive his sanc tion, and forbidding the use of any part of the ground until consecration has taken place ' • and also enacting that the plan of the chapel shall have his approval, that the chaplain shall be licenced and be liable to be removed by him, and that he shall also regulate the salary. "That it further enacts that for the removal of bodies buried in consecrated ground the same authority shall be required as in the case of a parochial churchyard, i.e. a " Faculty" from an Ecclesiastical Court. "That this committee protests against the design evi denced by this bill of making the proposed cemeteries appendages to the Church Establishment, and sources of emolument and influence to its clergy and bishops, as well as against perpetuating the exclusiveness and sectarianism which characterise the present system of sepulture in paro chial grave-yards. " That it therefore earnestly calls upon the friends of re ligious equality to take such steps as will ensure eith er th e rejection of a measure conceived in so illiberal a spirit, or a thorough amendment of its details." FATAL ACCIDENT AT, THE SOITTHAMPTON DOCKS. — An accident happened on Monday morning which has terminated fatally, on board the mail steam-packet Thames, belonging to the Royal Mail Steam-packet Com pany, and now fitting -out to take intercolonial duties in the West Indies, to a man named Peter Frazer, aged 58 , a seaman. Th e p oor f e l low was engaged at t h e foretop, • and perceivin g a rope a b ove his head which he believed to have be en , ma d e fast, he la i d ho ld of it for the purpose o f sw i ng i ng himself to anot h e r place in the rigging. B eing loose, it imm ediately gave way, and he was precipitated to the deck of the vessel, a distan ce o f a b out 40 f eet. Upon being picked up his ribs were discovered to be broken, and his skull, which came in conta c t with a stone lying o n the deck, was al so fractured. H e was conveyed as speedily as possibl e t o the Infirmary (which, unfortunately, for accidents which to o k pl a ce at thde d oc ks, is a considerabl e dis tance, where he expir e loss is deeply ye sterday morning (Tue s d ay ) regretted by most of his m essmat e B ; His who describe him as a man of information and naut i cal He has, during a great portion o f hi s li fe, experience, been engaged in th e whale fishing, and, sinc e hi s con nection with the sea, has been a traveller of more than ordinary extent. Din BLIND KING AND THE BLIND DRAMATIST.—His Majesty the King of Hanover has been pleased to pre- sent to .Mr. Moncrieff, the dramatist--now a brother of the Charterhouse, and, like his august patron, totally blind—the Royal Hanoverian Medal of Arts and Sciences. Mr. Moncrieff, shortly before his Majesty succeeded to the throne, dedicated his selection of plays in three volumes to the then Crown Prince of Hanover. PROTESTANTISM IN THE HOLY LAND.---A Protestant community, composed of 217 families, has been estab lished at Ram-Allah, near Jerusalem, and another at Beyruth, in Syria. The formation of these two commu nities is due to the zealous and intelligent labours of the Lutheran bishop at Jerusalem. ATTORNEYS' CERTIFICATE DUTY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—I have more than once been thinking of con veying to the public, and especially the legal profession, through the medium of your valuable publication, my sentiments on the question of the Attorneys' Certificate Duty, but trusting to the resolution and firmness of those who had especially taken the matter in hand, and that they would neither waver in their determination, nor relax in their exertions, I have hitherto, refrained from so doing. However, at length observing that thedeparties (from whom the profession expected the greatest fidelity in the execution of the trusts, impliedly at least, universally committed to them) seem to be relaxing in their exertions and to give way to the advice of those whom I would say had never at heart the interest of the profession, I must beg of you to allow me to state my opinion upon this subject, and to place before you and the public the justice, the propriety, and the opportunity of now doing away with the tax altogether. And, first, as to thejustice thereof.—ln reference to this point I submit for consideration the very great loss which the changes in the law have made in the in come of very many attorneys, for which loss there is nothing new to compensate a loss amounting at least to 501. per cent. on the previous incomes of many, which, if disputed, may be easily made to appear by reference to the-amount of business now done in the Superior Courts,. where, if I mistake not, it has become so serious, that the remuneration for the services of the officers of the Courts has been transferred into salaries, instead of payment by fees. It may be affirmed that this has been done because the payment by salary is a far supe rior and a more proper mode than payment by fees ; but those who understand how the wind blows are not de ceived by such an evasive assertion, and make so free as to insist that the force of the affirmation rests merely in its being a ready answer and nothing more, vox et prete rca nihil. At a time when the profits of the profession tar exceeded what they are at present, and when no income tax was paid, the then Chancellor of the Exche quer thought that a certificate duty of 51. on London attorneys, and 31. on country attorneys, was quite ample and sufficient; but the present Chancellor seems to think that the present high duty is not high enough, notwith standing the immense losses which since that time the attorneys have sustained by the changes in the law already effeeted, and which they will further sustain from those now in contemplation, for he meditates to perpetuate the income tax as an addition to it, and in some instances to make it fall 'heavier than it did before— and to show his generosity and fine feeling he intends to take off 2/. from the certificate duty, and if the attorney's income should amount to 1001. a-year, to make him pay another nice little sum, exceeding- the amount which is remitted in the certificate duty—“ The Lord preserve us from the tender mercies of the wicks d." And the manner in which the Chancellor of the Exche quer has offered to reduce the certificate duty has lat 3en so ungraceful, that it is easy enough to see that his motives for so doing were not 'that he felt or adknc ,w -ledged the injury and injustice of it, but that .it was with the view of defeating the opposition to its reimpositic in. As an honest man, he ought to have nailed his colours to the , mast and preferred to have his ship sunk rather th an condescend to gain the victory in a mean and ignob is way. It must also be borne in mind, and distinctly uncle; r* stood, that the attorneys have alone been taxed to set u i P and support the new County Court, for it is sup ' ported by fees derived, from the transacting of law business which originally and exclusively belonged to' them ; and at the time when the certificate duty was first imposed—it might in some sense have then beesi said that there was a quid pro quo, but now it may some instances be literally said that the G overnmenil takes the quid and the quo. Many attorneys rack their l' brains to know what they pay the certificate duty for. I It is an undeniable fact that in many country places the P profession is reduced to a mere name, and that many f attorneys would not take out their certificate at all but I for the little conveyancing business they do, and the respectability attached to the calling. When the County Courts were established one would have thought that those persons wh o p romo ted them did so, in their own opinion at least, from a keen sense of jus tice to the public. But, 0 mirum, 0 memorabile dicta! how did that keen sense of justice die so quickly ? It did not perceive, or it did not choose to perceive, that the good they intended one would injure another. .Thel had then the opportunity of making a show at least that they loved virtue for virtue's sake, and not from and other mbtive • for a good man , when he naedi tates good, always takes care to be even-handed, and looks around him to see that the good he intends (especially when he tampers with the vent' ed or purchased rights of others) will work no in jury, and that if it does he will do all in his power .to alleviate the injury if he should not be. able altogether to remove it; and these gentlemen might then have with becoming gracefulness voluntarily remitted the certifi cate duty as some consideration for the injury which the establishment of the County Court was likely to do to the profession. I have frequently heard It stated, but I do not know it as a fact, that; the fees received by the State from the County Court bug' ness (that is taken from the pockets of the attorneys), iA by many thousands of pounds more than the sum eV pended upon the working of these courts. If so, the; the attorneys are doubly taxed to the same matter, and the Government is making a profit out of their proper business. But may be the Chancellor of the' De chequer will not understand this, for he is a gen / tleman of astute ideas, and cannot conceive bod a man is taxed when no money is tak e . frost him, though he knows that a law has been made to prevent money coming to him which origin a lly be' longed to him, and who is still taxed for it as if he con' tinued to receive it. The injustice of this tax upon the profession generally is also very glaring and unjust when considered by itself ; for it is a tax charged on the exercise of o profession or means of existence which has been purchased and paid for at a great price, and nothing ought to operate to take away or embarrass those means but the grossest misconduct ; for whatever a man has purchased with his time, service, and money, ought to be his, absolutely and indefeasibly, to all tents and purposes. No circumstances of poverty ought to take away, or even to risk to take away, from him the means purchased so dearly of supporting his wife and children, and to do his duty in that state of life which Providence has thought proper to direct his mina to. The other learned professions are not charged to this duty, though the chances of a livelihood were, always as good, an d are now, much better, th an th a t co the members of the legal profession, upon whom this tale alone is levied. On these grounds it is also my opinion that this tax ought not to be charged on proctors and notaries, or special pleaders or conveyancers, the two latter callings having, as well as the attorneys, suffered greatly from the changes in the law , There should be no class legislation. The tax is not licence to exercise a privilege conferred by it alone, but to use and enjoy what has already been dearly paid for. If the right to exercise the calling was derived from "the certificate duty, then why not grant that certi• ficate to a country schoolmaster, or an attorney's or barrister's clerk out of situation ? Then, and in such case, a Chancellor of the Exchequer might, w ith a semblance of justice, say that he could see no difference between an attorney and a horse-dealer, as to the pro priety of abolishing this abominable tax. I beg to offer for consideration the following observations : and first, the want of 'an adequate reason for it 4 imposition—that it acts as a double income tax, and a very heavy one upon those gentlemen w hose income does not exceed 2001. a year. Honourable members can very well sympathise with that portion of the public who set up a wailing complaint against ao income tax of two or three pounds per cent. on small uncertain incomes—then with what greater justice may those members of the profession whose incomes do n ot exceed that sum, complain of the income tax, which, in cluding the certificate duty, amounts from seven to nine pounds per cent., and the less the income is, the hi g her is the tax ; and it should never be forgotten, that the certificate duty is not a tax which, by the payment thereof, bestows the calling, as the payment of other licensing taxes does. If the calling had b e en bestowed by the mere payment of the certificate duty, then no cause would exist against the payment of it. In the next place, it will operate to do even-handed justice in the matter of taxation ; it will do away w ith class legislation, and will be an act of justice towards those who have hitherto been oppressed by its exaction/ and which they ought not ever to have paid. It will add very much to the comfort and even the means of actual existence of many attorneys with families, to the procure' ment of which one of the publicto their Wits, end to obtain, papers lately declared the attorneys were driven after the establishment Courts. Here we of the C ounty have a public admission that a good and valid cause exists for the abolition of the tax; but a Chancellor of the Es' chequer has no compunction of conscience, nor feeling of compassion , to allevi ate the gripin gs o f hunger of the little ones of any one except of his own pet classes. An d I now come to the consideration of the proper . time f or d o in g away with this obnoxious tax. , think we have, for several years past, been cavo" lierly enough treated, in having our just hopes de ferred and putting us off from time to time ; and no time can be better than the present, for it is admitted by the present Ministry that the country was never in a more flourishing condition, and has never been surpassed—la l and grain cheap. Then, surely, those who profit by cheap l aw and everybody else's loss may very well al: ford t o a dd a little to their own taxation, or forbear, at least, a portion of the further general relief intended theta by the ademption of other taxes. In the sum total o f the taxes intended to be done away with the certificate duty i° but as a drop in the ocean, and how then can the Chao' cellor of the Exchequer say that the funds for taxation and the condition of the country cannot at the present moment afford to lose this tax. If not now, it never can; That the country cannot afford to lose this tax is ao nonsense ; it may be true that the Chancellor o f the Exchequer will not give it up unless he must. There' fore I recommend all parties interested in the d e ' struction of this tax, and all those who love justice for justice' sake, to unite together for its total and hurtle' diate abolition.—l am, Sir, your most obedient servant/ A COUNTRY ATTORNEY. London, .Tune, 1853. POPULATION OF PRU SSlA.—According to a census re' cently taken in Prussia, the population of that countri amounts to 16,935,420, making 3,318 inhabitants t ° each square mile. The superficial measurement o f the kingdom is reck one d at 5,104 square miles (11,2,9: French league s ). Si nce the last census in 1846, 0" population has increased 604,233, or 3.76 per cent. SCOTTISH LAW OF ARREST.—We are i n f orme d t h ro ug h 'i a private a n d aut h entic channel that the Government has issued a comm i ss i on to John H i ll Burton, Esq., ad, vocate, to inquire into the law of arrestment in Scotian 0 . and also into the truck system and i m p r i sonme nt ° debt , —North, Britig ~'q~ will atel Doi obli ex 4 Act mall anal to b in a, ihal: faiti l ey, Mai in ]