The Sun. — London, England, 1853-06-07 00:00:00

show forbearance on the present occasion. (Laughter.) As, in spite of disadvantages of soil and climate, the Scotch were the best farmers and agriculturists in the kingdom,so he hoped the difficulties of the income tax would prove a benefit to them in another way. (Hear, and laughter.) Sir J. YOUNG said the house was mistaken in suppos ing that any peculiar favour was shown to Ireland. (Oh, oh.) The reason why the income tax was levied on the poor-law assessment in Ireland was that there were so many derivative interests that it would be impossible to levy the tax except in that way. The house divided — For Sir A. Campbell's clause 54 Against it 9B- 44 On the motion of the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHE QUER, three new clauses were added to the bill in refer ence to deductions for poor rate pa id b y one party for another. Some verbal amendments were made in the other clause. On clause 43, The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER proposed the insertion of certain words in regard to assu rance com panies. This clause could not come o nus int atthere ion till after a the sth of October. That being so,was committee sitting on the subject of the registration ajoint stock companies, he thought it better to take advantage of what remained of the present session, in order to determine by some simple provision, to which he did not anticipate any objection, under what conditions exemptions should be allowed for the annual premiums. This would give no pre ference to one company over another, and would leave the matter quite open. After a short conversation the amendment was agreed to. On the motion that the bill do pass, Capt. ARCHDALL asked whether the Chancellor of the Exchequer would make the allowance which the poor law commissioners promised should be made to the rate-payers of Lowtherstown Union for the money paid by them under the Relief Act ? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that as he understood the matter the advance was made under the Temporary Relief Act, and not under the General Relief Act. It was said that the poor law commissioners had given an assurance that this money would be paid back, but they declared that they had given no such assurance. After a few words from Mr. J. BILL and Mr. FREWEN, The bill was read a third time, and passed. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA BILL.—ADJOURNED DEBATE. On the order of the day for resuming the adjourned de bate on this bill being read, Mr. J. G. PHILLIMORE said it was with no ordinary anxiety that he rose to express his opinions on a question, on the proper solution of which depended the happiness of by far the larger proportion of their fellow -subjects. Differing as he did from the right hon. gentleman (Sir C. Wood) in much which fell from him the other evening,' there was one point on which he agreed with him, namely, that, however theoretically absurd and anomalous the frame of our Indian Government might be sup posed to be, still if it had really promoted the happiness and welfare of those who were subject to its dominion, it ought not to be abolished or even altered. If, however, he were able to show that it had failed in the discharge of ' its sacred duties, and that not through acci dent, but owing to causes which had been repeatedly pointed out by the greatest and wisest statesmen, including Mr. Fox, Mr. Burke, and Lord Grenville, then he should contend that uniform experience, as well as general reason ing, was in favour of the discontinuance of the present system. He was ready to meet the right hon. gentleman on the issue, whether the present mode of government had been practically advantageous to the natives of India. When the charter was last under the consideration of the house, the right lion. gentleman the memberfor Edinburgh, who proposed the bill for its renewal, insisted especially on two points—the necessity of employing the natives, and the necessity (the paramount necessity, as he termed it) of a code for India. The right hon. gentleman said—" There is one part of the bill on which, after what has passed else where, I feel myself irresistibly impelled to say a few words. I allude to that wise, that benevolent, that noble c lause, which enacts that no native of our Indian empire shall, by reason of his colour, his descent, or his religion, be disabled from holding office." Now what had been the conduct of the EaSt India Company since that language, so worthy of au enlightened statesman, was used ? Why, from that time to this, not a single native of India had obtained an office to which he was not eligible before. (Hear, hear.) Again, the right hon. gentleman (Mr. Macaulay) said no country ever stood so much in need of a code as India, and he added—and he (Mr. Phillimore) re quested the attention of the house to this statement—that there never was a country in which that need could be so easily supplied. In describing the state of the law, the right hon. gentleman said, " The whole is a matter of chance. Even in this country we have hail complaints . of judge-made law, where there is everything that can miti gate the evils of such a system ; but judge-made law where there is absolute government and lax morality—where there is no bar and no public—is a curse and a scandal not to be endured." Now, what was the commentary on this text ? One of the most able civil servants of the Crown told them that nothing had been done, and that when he sent remonstrances and recommendations t) the directors, the only effect was that he received a sneering answer, and was told to take Westtninster-hall as a model. There was no part of the right hon. gentleman's (Sir C. Wood's) speech to which he, listened with so much surprise and mortification as that in which he spoke of the operation of the law in India. Speaking of the whole subject in a slighting manner, the right honourable gentleman said no doubt there were abuses of the law in India—there were abuses of that kind in all countries, and that if our own courts wore ransacked, similar abuses would be found to those which existed in India, as he had been in formed by a judge. Whoever made this last statement had grossly calumniated the administration of law in this country. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Holt Mackenzie said that just in proportion as the law had been enforced in India had the people suffered ; and he (Mr. Phillimore) believed that if any abuse of the same kind were dis covered in England, the whole country would be in a flame, and Parliament would address the Crown for the removal of the judge who had been guilty of it. Mr. Le win said there were now on the bench at Madras persons who were not only unfit for the office which they held, but who had been guilty of acts which rendered them unfit to be trusted with the life of a flea. (Laughter.) In one case there was a document, consisting of a side and a-half of foolscap, in which it was declared that one man was to be hanged, another to be transported, and a third to be sot free " because there was not a /vestige of evidence against him." (Laughter.) Such was found to be the spelling of the word. The judge had evidently not examined the do cument to which he attached his name. In another case— s case in which a man was prosecuted by a nabob in. an affair of accounts—the accounts kept by the nabob's wife were admitted as evidence. Many of the cases in India were of such a nature that if they wanted anything like a parallel they must look for it in the orations of Cicero against Verres. The question was not one of refinement or comfort, it was one of existence. One great reason, he be lieved, why natives of Britain did not settle in India, was that they were unwilling to entrust their property and cha racter to the jurisdiction of the Indian courts. The remedy for this state of things was the employment of natives, in favour of which he might quote the authority of almost every man of great official experience in India. To say, indeed, that among one hundred million of people none were to be found who were qualified to administer justice, was to libel Providence. Sir Thomas Munro said the in tegrity and diligence of the natives fitted them to adminis ter the law. Sir George Clerk, who was by no means un favourable to the East India Company, said that the mo rality among the higher classes of Hindoos was of a high standard, and that among the middle and lower classes it was remarkably high. That was the evidence of an old servant of the company, and similar evidence had been given by individuals equally intelligent and influential, This was the oppression that made the heart sick, ,this the iron that was sure to enter the soul. They talked of 'En do° corruption, but could not the Hindoos retort about European corruption I (Hear, hear.) Had they not in recent days seen all the influence of a Government used to screen corruption, and had they not seen rank and station, and, what was worse intelligence, bowing down before successful speculation? How had committees of the House of Commons been employed during the last three months ? (Hear, hear.) The right hon. gentleman, when comparing India under native rule with the present government, had gone to bhe period immediately preceding our invasion, when the country was torn and convulsed, and had not al luded to the time of Akbar when it was contented and happy. He might as well have gone to the days of Attila for an account of the Augustan era. Suppose the Hindoo were to refer us to Europe in the 17th century, to the times of the Regent Orleans, of Louis XV., of Catherine of Rus sia, or to the incestuous court of Berlin, or more recently to the sack of Warsaw, the partition of Poland, or the still freshly remembered horrors of the French revolution ? (Hear, hear.) Did not the house think that in such events a Hindoo might find counterparts for the worst scenes in the history of his own country. (Cheers.) The next question to which he should allude was the tenure of land, a question respecting which it was scarcely possible to exaggerate the difficulty. With respect to the land, the East India Company had assumed all the rights of the na tive proprietors, while, at the same time, evading all the duties. The settlement of Bengal in '93 was perhaps adopted from good motives, but it had been adopted in ignorance, and had ended in complete failure. It was called a permanent settlement, but such were its effects that at the present moment only one family remained that had signed the compact, all the rest having been ruined or totally destroyed. Mr. Mill condemned the settlement of '93 as having ruined both the Zemindars and the ryots, the latter being in a state of utter poverty and degrada tion. With respect to the state of this same Bengal pre vious to our rule, he would quote the testimony of Mr. Holwell, a very old traveller, who described it as the best ordered and happiest portion of India, and the only one that retained the best features of the old Hindoo system. At the present moment therejwas the one level of uniform misery m the richest country in the world, under the go vernment whose power the house was now called upon to renew. At Madras they had adopted the Ryotwarrie sys tem, the great defect of which was that one collector was oblig e d to settle terms with 300,000 ryots, and there could 1, ?30 lower d ee p o f h um an degradation than the condition of Madras ryots under the sway of Madras collectors. The w Ystera had also been introduced at Bombay in spite of Mr. ( i i . ll) .. ll w h ' it 't . ° ,l i:e but the authorities had been obliged to with draw syste ltibe north-western province an entirely dif- Volume. ag to T.c e l been established. One fact would speak pany's m aimge L tu n o 4vesierity of the country under the com years sixty r lt was that during the last fourteen the inhabitants o f ° I nears of rent had been remitted to public works, mostiltha' (Hear .) Of the question of the public funds were-W:l=eivil* servant had said that a nd ib nzapplied, and that half a million properly laid ont sults than any they coula Nv e T l have produced better re- I opinions of Mr. Burke, Mr. Macaulay , Having quoted the as hostile to the patronage of ,;,,, and Lord Grenville, learned member proceeded to say, company, th © hon. and of the company, was to be gteankteinemalaiyb, ebix°l;:tZevPinit\t;°angagtoe remain. Tho_right hon. away everything that was essential for as lowed the company to remain as a sham with that which_ was the strongest incentive to tyranny're spons ibili ty When the light hon. morel . had been told httlieky. tom of Indian governmen .was anomalous, he answ - that our Indian empire was itself anomalous. Why, if e tiel ek t i were so, it was the more neceswiry to But rep men to administer the government. i r e (H ll e ,a a s r. a ) no ß in u al t o t u h s e , rg t t h h e o r n e gentleman ssid that the emp fore the government must be .anomalous . li n t a also. t, as The th right l hon. gentleman was not even origina remembered to have seen in Boswell 's in " Jorhnasnond/e' laugh.)Who drives fat oxen must himself be fat." , ea He begged of the right hon. gentleman to pause ablefior if he renewed the present system of government; a should persevere, he (Mr. Pharaore) trusted that he would not receive the support of the horde. Sir J. W. HOGG began by cliiMing the indulgence of the house, upon which he should not have trespassed had the ordinary course been adopted with respect to this bill. But the course of the hon. member for Manchester, in not only arguing against the double system of government, but in preferring a frightful bill of indictment against the ad ministrators of that government, rendered it necessary that he should, in self-defence, trouble the house at some length. There appeared to be some division of labour. The hon. member for Manchester had brought forward the indict ment, and the different counts were divided among other gentlemen, and the hon. and learned gentleman who had just sat down had taken the department of law and calcu lation. On this subject a great agitation had prevailed out of doors ; he (Sir J. W. Hogg) would go further, and say that a great clamour had prevailed. He was glad that this agitation and clamour prevailed—he was glad that associations had been formed—that every charge, private or public, had been raked up against the East India Com pany, and had been circulated in speeches and pamphlets, because the house and the country now knew everything that industry, and he would add malignity, could collect or invent to be put forth against the East India Company. They had it all now ; true or untrue, they had it now. Hitherto it had all been circulated without the opportunity of reply; but he was happy that that opportuni t y was now affordedin the only place where the charges could be met. His right hon. friend bad urged strong and cogent reasons for immediate legislation. That was the opinion of every witness who had been examined and every person compe tent to give an opinion, and it was also the opinion of Lord Dalhousie. The hon. member for Manchester repudiated the authority of Lord Dalhousie, and stated that his authority was of no greater weight than any other person's. He believed that no one but the hon. gentleman would make such an assertion. The hon. member for Manchester had asked for delay because a committee on the subject was sitting. That might at first sight appear to be a reason, but every one who heard the speech of the hon. gentleman knew that he did not refer to a tittle of the evi dence of any one witness, or to any document produced before that committee. His speech consisted of shreds and patches, bits which he had read in old pamphlets and magazines, and the evidence of witnesses hea rd not before the territorial committee, but before the cotton committee, four years ago, over which the hon. member presided ; he referred to periods long past, and to famines which oc curred long ago, one so long since as 1792, and to periods prier to the rule of the East India Company, and when the war with Tippoo was raging. The hon. member did refer to Mr. Marshman, a witness before the territorial commit tee. But he did not read his evidence, but quoted Mr. Marshman from the Friend of India, and that gentleman being himself in this country; he repudiated him as a wit ness before the committee, and did not give a word of his evidence. When the hon. gentleman spoke of the state of Bengal, and stated that the peace of the country was dis turbed, did he read what Mr. Marshman said of the sys tem of police, and the generally peaceful state of the coun try ? On the contrary, he read from the Friend of India an account of a row between two Indigo planters, and • said that that was th e condition of Bengal. As well might a judgment be formed of the peace ful state of this country by reading the police reports. If the honourable gentleman wished to know the state of Bengal, why did he not read the evidence of Mr. Marshman ? Few that heard the speech of his right hon. friend (Sir C. Wood) but must have gone away knowing much of the state of India ; his statement was clear, tem perate, and comprehensive. The hon. member for Man chester had sneered at that speech on the ground both of its length and its matter, and he taunted his right hon. friend with sending for information to Mr. Melvin and others at the India House. That was rather a compli ment, for being new in office he had sent for information to the records of India and those who had charge of them, and he (Sir J. W. Hogg) wished that the hon. member for Manchester had done the same and gone to sources as au thoritative, and if he had, the hon. gentleman would have escaped many errors which he (Sir J. W. Hogg) would take the liberty of exposing. The hon. gentleman had in dulged in speculation as to how his right hon. friend had got up his speech, and he (Sir J. W. Hogg) would speculate on the manner in which the hon. gentleman had got up his speech. It appeared that those with whom the hon. gen tleman was associated got hold of anything in any book or pamphlet against India, they caught up the scissor and cut it out and sent it to the hon. gentleman, who strung it all together, and, to use the favourite expression of the hon. gentleman, that formed the "hems poem " of the getting up of his speech. (Hear, hear, and a laugh.) India was not a sealed book. There was no act or proceeding in re lation to India which was not public ; there was not one rupee spent or received which was not regularly accounted for. Papers were published relating to every transaction ; there had been debates, committees on salt, on duties, on cotton, on steam, and on every subject in which India was concerned, and the aggregate of the information contained in papers and reports filled 53 folio volumes—and yet they were told that India was a sealed book. (Hear, hear.) If the details were not known, the failure was not from , the want of means of information, but from the want of indus try in those who had it in their power to acquire it. He trusted the hon. and learned member for Leominster would give him credit for this, that-where such mighty interests were at stake they were not influenced by personal motives. He (Sir J. W.. Hogg) declared his belief that immediaae legislation was imperatively required. (Hear.) If the last system had worked well, continue it. If it had defects, remove them—and if it had failed in the great objects it ought to have attained, away with the system and its instruments, and form a better government; but do it now, do not hand over India to agitation, do not spread distrust over that mighty continent, do not paralyse the power and influence of the local government, and render it incompetent to do good and to restrain ill. He believed that delay in legislation would destroy peace and tranquil lity, would impede the progress of useful reform, and if not destroy, at least lessen the almost superstitious belief in the power of this country which now prevailed. Ho did not wish to raise alarm, but he conscientiously believed that if there was any delay in legislation it would spread doubt, mistrust, and apprehension over India as to the future, and force into mischievous activity the worst elements of inse curity. Therefore, whatever was the legislation, he hoped it would be prompt and immediate. The hon. member for Manchester had said truly that the main question was the system of double government. He (Sir J. W. Hogg) agreed in that—and it was because he agreed in the principle of double government, that he should vote for the introduction of this measure. The hon. member for Manchester had pointed out objections to a double govern ment. A favourite expression of the hon. gentleman was that double g overnment was a mere sham ; that it caused delay and obstruction in carrying on the government; and that there was no responsibility anywhere. He did not know where the hon. gentleman got his authority for that statement. [Mr. Bright--I quoted from Mr. Kaye.] He (Sir J. Hogg) was glad of that interruption, for but for that it might have escaped him to expose a want of can dour in the hon. gentleman, and to have shown that he had been furnished with scraps, and had not seen the book itself. What would the house say when he stated that the hon. gentleman, in alluding to Mr. Tucker's minute, in connexion with which he quoted from Mr. Kaye, that Mr. Kaye was not referring to double government in this coun try, but to the double government at Calcutta in 1772. Mr. Kaye eloquently pourtrayed the evils of that double govern ment, and concluded with the paragraph which the hon. gentleman had read, in which Mr. Kaye was speaking of the double government of 1779, Mr. Kaye being one of the strongest advocates of the double government in this country. Mr. BRIGHT explained that he showed that Mr. Kaye referred to the double government in Bengal as a sham and an imposture, and in the next sentence, when he quoted Mr. Tucker's minute, he referred to the Board of Control and the Court of Directors, and said it was a mystery which eluded and deluded the public ; and he (Mr. Bright) said that Mr. Kaye had expressed the same opinion of the double government which existed 60 years ago as he (Mr. Bright) had of the double government now. Sir J. W. HOGG—The hon. gentleman had quoted such strong expressions from Mr. Kaye, and being familiar with the book, it struck him as strange, and he referred to the passages which preceded the extract, and found that they stated in effect " that in 1775, after the revenues of the Indian territories became ours, policy compelled Clive to carry on the government in the name of the Subbadar in order to conciliaty foreign powers." Clive's policy was to have the name of the Subbadar as a cloak lest foreign powers should be offended, but it led to confusion and oppre s s ion, and the system was denounced by Mr. Kaye; but that gen tleman ought not to have been brought forward as an autho rity against the double government, when his whole work was in favour of that form of government. The hon. gen tleman said he coupled that statement with Mr. Tucker's minute. But that minute did not relate to the question of a double government. Mr. Tucker was the staunchest ad vocate of the double government, and he wanted to extend it further than now. It was true he complained that the President of the Board of Control could send an order to the India House to be sighed by the secret committee, and he said that, as the President of the Board of Control did this, a seal would do as well, and he spoke of the indignity of being compelled to sign orders of which he might not approve, and the purport of which he did not know. But Mr. Tucker, neither in the words of his minute, nor on any occasion, used any expression against the double govern ment, or intended any reprobation of it in the minute read by the hon. gentleman. It was said that the Court of Directors was a sham, and that it had neither power nor authority. He (Sir J. Hogg) would state boldly and broadly that under the existing system the practical go vernment of India rested with the Court of Directors. Every measure originated, and must originate, with the Court of Directors. Divided as it was into three separate committees, every measure passed through a committee, where it was investigated, and then was considered by the court, after which it went to the President of the Board of Control, who had power to alter it. But he could not make alterations capriciously, but must state his reasons for any alteration in writing. Was not that a restraint on the President of the Board of Control, to prevent the pos sibility of the least alteration, unless it was such as would meet with support from the house and the country ? Of all the dispatches that finally passed the Court of Directors not five per cent. were altered by the President of the Board of Control, and those alterations were chiefly verbal. It was true that in what wore called " P. C." dispatches, or those on which there had been previous communica tions, the alterations were more frequent, perhaps some fifty per cent. The body which regulated the foreign affairs of a state must necessarily have paramount control and must operate secretly ; that was the case in regard to this country ;. and that was the case in India. The hon. gentleman ought to know that the duties of the secret committee were confined to questions of peace and war, and to questions of treaties. Parliament had seen that it was unfit to intrust a body of twenty-four gentlemen with such matters, those being matters essentially requiring dis patch and secrecy with a view to the public safety. To have any other system than that which prevailed would be the cause of the greatest embarrassment to her Majesty's Go vernment, and would conduce to a confusion palpably op posed to the public interests. The great benefit—and here he was putting the question upon the broadest and highest grounds—arising from the double government of India was this, that it kept the government of India free from poli tical bias. (Hear, hear.) By a double government alone could such a result be accomplished ; of that he was satis fied. Was there any other portion of the British do minions governed without political bias ? God knew that imputations in plenty had been east upon the directors, and this was an imputation which had never been c•tst tioned. that w h en u pon them. Right or wrong in their policy, their policy elected by I t v h 4 . i . ove A r ,, been guided by political feeling or party friend nineteen out o e f ttl7entY. instance out of many, Sir Robert Peel, WT. it might be men en Lord Ellenborough was unanimously re elected some extent weak four directors, it was a fact that Lord Ellonborou ()so Government was undoubtedly to gh b g:: gent l emen were stanch supporters of by that recal. The authority of government. oebtilveelord had spoken of the Court of Thcaotile been referred to against a double Directors as a noble lord almost individualised. menabalY' and, indeed, he had contempt. That, il l a a in terms of the greatest said that they had neither power nor influence ; that they were a mere politi cal fiction. The noble lord, in fact, made an exception to prove his rule : he said that there were only three or four of the directors at all competent for the discharge of their important duties. On a subject like this he (Sir J. Hogg) had nothing to retaliate. He had nothing to say of Lord Ellenborough but that, officially and privately, he knew that his lordship possessed, and had long possessed, an ex traordinary knowledge of Indian affairs. He knew his lordship to be a man of great talent and ability ; and he deeply regretted that such a man should have permitted a spirit of personal malice to affect so strongly his speeches, as it affected the evidence he gave to the committee. But, then, this was the evidence of the recalled Governor-Gene ral ; and in opposition to it there was to be offered the evidence of Lord Ellenborough before he was appointed Governor-General. [The hon. baronet proceeded to quote the opinion given by Lord Ellenborough in 1833, in which he spoke in high terms of the then constitution, general character, and working of the Court of Directors, and ob jected to any change.] Well, this was the answer to the hon. gentleman's (Mr. Bright's) sneers about the directory consisting of merely of bankers and brewers. (Hear, hear.) Bankers and brewers ! He would have been astonished at any member of that house sneering at bankers and brewers; but such a sneer came with the least grace from the hon. member for Manchester. (Hear, hear, and laughter.) The directors were also told that their patronage had been abused. His answer was a reference to Lord Ellenborough's opinion in 1833, Lord Ellenborough having then declared that the patronage of the directors was most equally dis tributed. But he would not stop there :he would, on this occasion, reply to the general attacks which had been made on this point, and, among others, he would include the alleg ations of Captain Macgregor's pamphlet. He held in his hand a return laid before the committee • he would refer to no documents which had not been laid before the committee ; every hon. member could go to the original source for his documents ; but he would like to know where they were to hunt for the documents of the hon. member for Manchester ? This was a return of the results of the military patronage, and from this it appeared that only one-third of the whole military patronage of India went to the sons of civil and military servants. As to the civil patronage, and that was what really was valuable, the figures were just as conclusive in refutation of the po sition of the hon. member for Manchester. There had been 688 civil appointments since 1833 ; he took this from the records of the India-house—and of these there had been given among the sons and godsons, nephews, and the rela tives of the wives of the directors, 159; to the sons of mili tary servants, 260 ; and the residue, 269, had been given generally and indifferently among the members of society. This he thought was a complete answer to the charge of unfair distribution of patronage. The hon. member for Manchester had also referred a good deal to the vast emolu ments of the civil service. He held in his hand an abstract on this point, and he would tell the house the averages. The average emoluments on 5 years' service, 4701. per an num. On 5 years and not exceeding 10, 9111. Exceeding 10 years and not exceeding 15, 1,535/. • and above 15 years, 2,8451. Considering the education and expense involved in the preparation for this service; considering also the ability and the integrity and the devotion which characterised the service, and taking into account the absence from their native country, which attended the service, he contended that these emoluments were on the whole inferior to the corresponding emoluments to the corresponding stations in this country. (Hear, hear.) Undoubtedly, however, this was a question of results. If the system had not worked well there was no use theorising about the constitution. He maintained that the result justified the system, and in proof of that, without confusing the house by imitating the hon. member for Manchester, and entering into minute de tails, he would produce some very satisfactory figures. There had been a great accession of territory since 1833. The area of that accession amounted to 267,013 square miles ; consequently, a population of 8,572,605. He gave that area and population, because he wished to an ticipate the objection that all the increased revenue had arisen from increased territory. In 1834 the gross revenue was 18,699,6771. In 1851 the gross, revenue was 27,625,3601., showing an increase of nearly 9,000,000/. How much of that 9,000,0001. arose from the contributions of new territory ? Why, no less than 2,000,000/. ; but he Would take the aggregate at 2,000,0001., and he would then have to account how and whence the increased 7,000,000/. was derived. But it might be said that the increased re venue was got from increased taxation. No such thing, however. Many taxes, since 1833, had been entirely abolished ; and a large number had been considerably re duced. The export duty hail been removed from cotton, coffee, and other materials ; and the transit duties, which used to be a larg e item in the accounts , had been entirely done away with. Then, the salt tax had been reduced 25 per cent. ; and thus it was shown that increased revenue had gone on with decreased taxation. (Hear.) Well, if this was so, if they were to take in India the tests applied to every other country, was he not justified in concluding that India had prospered? (Hear, hear.) There were, however, other tests not to be overlooked. The house had , heard a good deal of declamation to the effect that the land in India was going out of cultivation ; that the land was falling back into jungle. What were the facts? In the North Western provinces of Madras, and in Bengal, the revenue from the land had been, in 1833, 9,115,412/. ; and in 1851, it was 12,075,479/. ; showing an increase of revenue from the same territory of 2,960,0671. The increase of revenue from opium, in the same period, was 2,305,6011.; from salt, 85,3781.; from customs, 206,428/. ; making alto gether an increase of 5,537,474/. ; leaving an increase 'of revenue derived from other sources of 1,442,526/. ; which made up the sum of 7,000,0001., to which he had referred. After such facts as these, ought the house to hear any more of the misery, and destitution, and backwardness of India? (Hear, hear.) It might be said all this was artificial pros perity, that there had been a starving people notwith standing the flourishing revenue. He would take the tests illustrating that point. Take the imports into India : In 1831-5, 6,154,129/. ; in 1849-50, 13,696,636/. He would like to know in what other part of the globe such a progress was to be traced. Then, the exports : in 1831-5, 8,188,161/. ' in 1819-50, 18,283,543/. ; being an increase of 10,000,0 001. in twenty years. This was as , tounding ; the figures exceeded anything he could have conceived. (Hear, hear.) And this had all been accom plished by India herself, and by the policy of the Court of directors • not only without the aid of the English Govern ment an d of the English Parliament, but in spite of obsta cles presented by Parliament. (Hear, hear.) Year after year, for long years, the East India Company had petitioned that house in vain to do justice to India by the removal of discriminating duties. Cotton goods, fot instance, had gone to India on a duty of 5 per cent. from this country ; but a duty of 62 per cent. was levied, as a prohibition, against Indian manufactures (Hear, hear.) In vain, for years, had the East India Company demanded a fair and equitable commercial tariff from this country in regard to sugar and to rum. Only the other day had they got those duties equalised ; and what had been the results ? In 1835, the year before the duty was equalised, 107,476 cwts. of sugar were imported from India into Great Britain. What was the average imports into this country from India in 1851-2? 1,390,188 cwt. If they had had that advantage a long time back they would have had a corresponding in crease ; but they (the House of Commons) kept it back. Again, there was the average importation of rum before the equalisation 128,000 gallons. Since the equalisation it had been 686,000 gallons. He left out the odd figures. He believed his right hon. friend gave them the increase of cotton. Well, now, in 1806, during the time of the mo nopoly of the calumniated body of which he had the hon our of being a member, in 1806 the exports from India amounted to 1,460,0001. in value ; and in 1814, the duty being then 62i per cent., there were imported into Great Britain from India 967,652 pieces of calico and muslin. With silks and taffitas he would not trouble the house, but the increase was equal. He remembered on a former oc casion, when presenting one of the petitions in that house which were presented in vain, he heard an account of the misery and desolation in provinces in which the people and their fathers before them had maintained themselves by their industry in the manufacture of cotton, and from the exercise of which they had been driven, not by competition, for he admitted that steam power in this country would have that result ; but he heard of the misery and desola tion of provinces, particularly in the Deccan. And observe it was not in India as it was in this country, where even a handloom weaver, if he lost employment as aweaver, could turn his attention to something else. Not so in India. In that country a trade descended from father to son for hun dreds of years. Trades were mixed up with religion ; and if they took a trade from a man, they took from him that by which alone he got his living, and desolation through out these provinces was the melancholy result. They then never heard of the lamentation ; there was none of the philanthrophy which now prevailed. Well, now, observe the case with India. Had England prospered ? England had not equally advanced with India. In 1814, which was the first year of what, as regarded India, was nicknamed free trade, when everything from England could go to India and nothing from India could come to England—(hear, hear, and laughter)—the British cotton manufacturers erported to the East Indies amounted to 109,4871. ; in 1849-50, the last year he had, they had increased to 4,421,92 01 . Had Manchester any reason to complain ? W e ll, had the shipowners any reason to complain ? In• 1834-5 the British shipping amounted to 220 vessels, amounting to 108,870 tons. In 1849-50 the vessels had increased to 425, and the tonnage to 252,153. Both the number of vessels and the amount of tonnage had almost, without a fraction, doubled in the twenty years. Where was that to be equalled ? He should like any gentleman to name any other part of the world where the increase had been as great. Even America, where the hon. member for Manchester had carried his imagination,' had not increased equally. The hon. gentleman could not help referring to America. " Oh," said the hon. member, "if India had fallen into the hands of America how happy would it have been." Well, he would tell the hon. gentleman the result. The result would have been that the whole people of India would have been slaves. Slavery had been abolished by British rule. Mr. BRIGHT rose and attempted to speak, but his voice was drowned amid loud cries of ` Order, order." Bi,e J. W. HOGG proceeded. He did not mean to say that the hon. gentleman wished India to be under America, but the hon. gentleman said if India had been under Ame rica there would have been prosperity there which did not exist now. Mr. BRIGHT —Traversed b roads. y Sir J. W. HOGG said he did not want to have a discus phrases. The point of the hon. gentleman, if he had about d a o n u y t point, was that India would have been more prosperous under the Americans. He (Sir J. W. Hogg) wanted to show - that India would not have been better he said that perhaps they would not aaneol!shed, and slavery was now abolished. under have had America , slavery Well, he bad given ti:ern the exports from Great Britain, and he would now give them the exports from India. In 1834-5 they amounted to 2,262,381/., in 1849-50 t 07,578,980/., an increase from two mil iOns to seven, omitting the odd figures, u pwards of three times the amount. That showed how hard it was to please the right hon. gentleman. The hon. member said there had been a great increase of ex ports, but that the whole or the greater portion of the in crease consisted of cotton goods. That 'was a funny com tpeldaitnhtatto i come e f r v o e m r y h h i r m e , a t b h u t in ho which( l r h ; e W h 0 . e H . o g g e g n ) t a cl l e a i it made that complaint he assigned a reason for it. He said cotton goods were very cheap, and that the little the native required for his garment was purchased for a trifle, and Manchester could send it cheap. He (Sir J. W. Hogg) did not complain of that, but when that was explained the hon. gentleman still was not satisfied, and never would be. (Cheers.) He believed in his conscience if anybody could inflict on the hon. gentleman the feeling of satisfaction and contentment he would be the cleverest man in existence. The hon. member could 'not make any more about imports ‘ t s h e o e u w gh h t at th l e v e H s o e u n s d e t o ' f tahnedßexrapzoiritss.„ IIe to d ( i s a ir b d. u . t W h (3 . s i t i ti e d g , g i Commons and the member for Manchester might bo satis fied if they dealt with the finances of India, and the finances of this country, and they might leave the Brazils to settle their own affairs themselves. He hail now told them shortly and clearly the result of their finances, without going into detail. He had got the details. but he had given the result during 20 years. The next thing was what was their state in 1850-1. At the very time when there was every temptation to put a good face on it, and they . had a great anxiety as well as interest to make their affairs ap pear well, what was the sketch estimate of 1851-2 ? There was a deficit, but the result was a surplus of half a million THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, ,JAIME - 7, 1853. - and that surplus after paying the expense of the Burmese war. But were they going backwards ? What was the result of the present war ? 'What was the sketch estimate of 1852-3 ? The hon. member for Manchester was perfectly correct in the amount he gave of the revenue. The sketch estimate gave a total for the current year of 292,282,525 rupees, that was 29,228,2821. The charge amounted to 26,317,526 1 ., showing a surplus of 2,910,726. (Cheers.) But remember that India paid, and always had paid, a heavy tribute to this country. But after allowing for that tribute, the estimated surplus for the current year was nearly half a million, including the estimate for the Bur mese war. He said a little while ago that if they prepared fi g ures in different cycles, unless there was something con secutive, that way of putting them would confound any body, and, above all, an assembly to whom they were ad dressed. The hon. member asked what was the case in 1835, again after five years, and again five years after that; but he did not conclude, he admitted, with the extrava gant statement made by another hon. member when he spoke of the bankruptcy of India. His idea of bankruptcy must have been a whimsical one. When the hon. member for Manchester spoke of the increase of the debt, what was the use of it ? No use at all. If they had shown simul taneously with an increase of debt an increase of revenue there would have been something intelligible about it. The revenue had increased in proportion, notwithstanding all the wars, and the proportion of debt to revenue was greater than at any period the hon. member had dwelt upon, as he thought, so triumphantly. The revenue is now 29,000,0001. In 1834, the total debt, including the bond debt, was 38,086,0001. Now, in round figures, it was 50,000,0001. There they had an increase in twenty years of 15,344,0001. The increase in revenue was in an infinitely greater proportion. In 1839, after some years of peace, the debt was only 31,900,0001., and the increase from 1839 to the present time was 18,812,0001. He mentioned that to show what India could do in time of peace and what India suffered in time of war. But who was responsible for the war in 1839—was it the Court of Directors ? (Mr. Bright—No.) No, said the hon. member for Manchester ; he cleared the Court of Directors. (Hear, hear, from Mr. Bright.) He believed they disapproved it ; but if that were so, if the Minister of the Crown were responsible for that war and for all the wars, was it not a strange mode of remedying the evil to take away the power from the Court altogether, and to give it to that power which caused the wars ? (Cheers.) The Affghan war was not an In dian war ; it arose for European purposes, and it ought to have been defrayed out of European resources. (Hear, hear, from Mr. Bright.) Well, then, restore the 15 millions that it cost—(laughter)—restore that 15 millions, and then call on them as loudly as they pleased to diminish taxes and to increase public works. But oppressed with debt, not oppressed, because they could not say a man was oppressed by debt who had the means of paying, and what was a debt which did not absorb two years' income. The Duke of Wellington was gone, his voice was no longer heard in the walls of Parlia ment, no longer would he guide the councils of his sove reign and his country, but his wisdom would long survive, and he would read to them what the Duke of Wellington said when a question similar to that raised by the hon. member for Manchester was discussed. The duke said, " I will not presume to say how many millions of people you govern. You have an annual revenue of twenty mil lions, and notwithstanding all the wars you have been en gaged in, its debt at this moment amounts onlyto forty mil lions, being no more than two years' revenue. Ido not say that such a debt is desirable ; but at the same time I do say that it is a delusion on the people of this country to tell them it is a slur on the proceedings of a Govern ment which has carried on the affairs of the Government with so much success." He had told them the cost of the Burmese war. A great deal has been said about what would be the expense of that war. At first it was said the cost would be 150,0001. a month. The cost was 30,0001. When the further troops were sent, the estimated cost was 50,0031. a month. He believed the extra cost would not much exceed 100,0001. He held in his hand the estimate for the Burmese war for 1152-3. The estimate was a little above 600,0001., the whole expense of the Bur mese war. The hon. member made one complaint about the debt. He said they borrowed money to pay their di vidends in England. Suppose they did ; surely he did not complain if they had not money to pay their dividends, that they should borrow it. They liked to be honest. But the hon. gentleman was quite wrong, as the dividends were the first charge on the Indian revenues; and if the dividends were the first charge upon 20,000,000, how could they say they borrowed money to pay the dividends ? Mr. BRIGHT.—I said you borrowed as much as would pay the dividend. Sir J. W. HOGG.—They did not borrow money to pay the dividend. The hon. member said it for effect ; but his desire was to take away the effect and to state the thing simply and in an unglossed manner. It had been said why were the dividends a first charge, and why should they be paid out of the territorial revenue ? He said it was fair, because when the compromise was made it was estimated, but the amount of commercial assets spent in government expenses far exceeded any amount that would be caused by the payments of dividends. On this point he would read to them a considerable authority. When something similar was said in the House of Lords, Lord Ellenborough said the East India Company gave to India, to its territo rial revenue, in diminution of its charges, a great part of the result of its commercial assets. He thought India had no reason to complain of that. The hoii. and learned gen tleman had said his right hon. friend had glossed over the question of land tenures. He (Sir J. Hogg) did not think so. It was true his right hon. friend had not gone inao all - the details of those tenures, and God forbid he should. (Hear, hear, and a laugh.) But the honourable and learned gentleman had made the most extraordinary complaint, not of the Court of Directors or of the local government of India, but of that which was the whole system of Asia. The hon. gentleman said, " Why, you derive your whole revenue from land." To be sure they did ; and it was the custom not of India only, but throughout the earth—(hear, hear)—and the hon. gentle man must recollect that one of the political economists lie had himself quoted said that this system of drawing the revenue from land was the best system of revenue in the whole world, for under that people in effect paid no taxes. the revenue being collected in the shape of rent. He had 'heard and read much of late about tenures in India, but he had heard no single argument, nor received a single suggestion which he did not find more powerfully put forward in the minutes and reports of the government and public servants at the very time that this tenure was formed. It had been the fashion, he knew, to say that Lord Cornwallis settled this question of tenure rashly, and that he sacrificed the rights of the ryots., That was not true. Whatever might be the opinion as to Lord Cornwallis's acts, they were not taken without due consideration ; and certainly the rights of the ryots had not been sacrificed, for no ryot could be removed from his holding while he paid a fixed government rent. But then it was said there was an annual revision, and the consequence was that the ryot did not know in any one year what,he would have to pay in the next. It was true there was an annual revision'; but the object of that was that the ryet should not be called - upon to pay for land which, from any cause, was not cultivated, and that allowance might be made in cases of drought and other circumstances which occasioned him loss. It had been asked by.the hon. and learned gentleman why not extend the north-western system to Madras and Bombay? Let the hon. and learned gentleman ask Sir G. Clerk, Mr. Halliday, and others, who had spent the greater portion of their lives in India. Had the hon. gentleman the expe rience of those authorities who were asked the question before the committee he would not have asked the ques tion, but it was knowledge alone that made a man con scious of his ignorance. (Hear, hear.) Mr. PHILLIMORE begged the hon. gentleman's pardon. (Order, order.) He wished to explain. (Order, order.) He had not asked that question. Sir J. HOGG—If the hon. gentleman did not say so, ho had misunderstood him, but he had taken down his words, and certainly understood him to ask the question why the north-west system was not extended to Madras and Bombay. Mr. PHILLIMGRE—What I did say was that it was a proof that the old system was wrong, inasmuch as they adopted a different one in the new provinces, .but I never dreamt of saying anything so absurd as that the north western system should be extended to Bombay and Madras. __ _ dynasties ; for ho did not think there was much weight in " tu-quoque" arguments. But if he were to tell the house the details of Mahomedan rule, he should perfectly appal every hon. gentleman that heard him with the recital of the miseries which had been endured by the people of India. The Mahomedan rulers certainly had occasionally indulged in public works, but they were only such as would gratify their own vanity or minister to their own luxury. If they made a road, it was only because there was about to be some royal progress, or because it would lead to some royal hunting ground ; when that progress had ceased, and that hunt was over, then those works fell into decay. (Cheers.) There were temples, and tombs, and mausoleums and palaces constructed enough, but there were no works of public utility. (Hear, hear.) If the house asked him for his authority, he would refer them to the book of Sir Henry Elliott, wherein it was shown that these Mahomedan works of which they had heard so much were perfectly fabulous. (Hear.) The next question to which he (Sir J. W. Hogg) would advert was one upon which the hon. member for Leominster had most dwelt, namely, the administration of justice in India, and the employment of natives in that capacity. Now the fact was that the na tives of India aecided 99 per cent. of all the original civil suits, and reckoning even appeals, 96 per cent. (Cheers.) And yet it was said that the Court of Directors had not honestly carried out the act of 1834. (Hear, hear.) Then again, with respect to the revenues, there were deputy-col lectors, and deputy-magistrates extensively employed at high salaries • whereas, previous to 1834, there were scarc e ly any natives holding situations of that kind. (Hear, hear.) The fact was the act of 1834 had been carried out cautiously and therefore successfully, because if they had prematurely forced natives into situations for which they were unfitted, all the benevolent intentions of the Legislature would have been entirely frustrated. (Hear, hear.) Then, what was it to which the hon. gentleman referred ? The hon. gen tleman meant the covenanted service. (Hear, hear.) Every situation in India was open to natives, and as far as they were fit for any office they had been and would be advanced to it. (Oh, oh.) But the covenanted ser vants consisted of those young men who had been edu cated at Haileybury and sent out to India; and because no natives had gone through th a t p rocess , an d had been intro duced into the covenanted service, that was made a ground of complaint. But perhaps the house would see that there might be grave considerations connected with this subject. If they introduced natives into the civil covenanted service, then the question would come, why should they not be in troduced also into the covenanted military service A And then the question would arise how far natives should be intrusted with the command of our armies in India.? (Loud cheers.) He (Sir J. W. Hogg) thought the house and the country would consider that this was a question which was best left in the hands of the Government. (Hear.) The first statesmen that this country produced were sent out to India, and it was far better when such questions arose that they should be left to the Governor- General, who was as anxious to do justice to India as any gentleman that sat in that house. (Cheers.) Hon. gen tlemen had spoken much of B r iti s h m i sru l e, b ut they had passed by the great social reforms which had been effected under our sway. Thuggism abolished, dacoitship, suttee, infanticide, slavery—all abolished. He wished he had time to refer to the labours of men far away from their homes, and in unhealty climates, to establish civilisation on the lanes of barbarism and superstition. The hon. member for Leomin ster shook his head, and, therefore, he (Sir J. W. Hogg) would state some of the names and places ; and he hoped that,• after then, the hon. member would rise after he (Sir J. W. Hogg) had sat down, and would admit that his im pression had been erroneous. The first case to which he would refer was Meer walla, and the papers of Colonel Dickson. That was an unhealthy, mountainous jungle, inhabited by fierce and bloodthirsty people, whom the native rulers in their day had attempted to hunt down like wild beasts, but without success. They were a race whose hands were against every man, and every man's hand against them ; and yet they had been brought into a state of civilisation by the exertions of Colonel Dickson. (Hear, hear.) A similar result had been brought about in a dis trict in Khandeish, inhabited by the Nails, A third in stance was the district of Goodzoor inhabited by the Khools, who had been discovered by accident by Lieut.- Colonel Macpherson —a tribe that indulged in human sacrifices and worshipped their divinities with blood. The labours of Lieut. Macpherson and Col. Campbell were crowned with success ; these gallant Officere were able to reside among those tribes, and they induced them to give up their human sacrifices. (Hear, hear.) These were men who perhaps were never heard of in this country ; while men who distinguished themselves in storming the fort, in the foremost of the battle, were heard of; their deeds reached this land. But here were men labouring in deadly jungles in the cause of humanity—(cheers) —with no reward but the consciousness that they were discharg ing their duty to their God and to their country. (Cheers.) He would now ask the attention of the house to the state of education in India. Much had been done ;but he freely admitted that much remained to be done. He did not venture to say that all had been done that could or ought to be done. No man or body of men united for any purpose would assert that. Since 1833, a vast deal had been done in the cause of education in India. There were in Bengal—English and mixed schools, 37 ; natives, 104 ; in the north-western provinces, 7 English and mixed schools ' • in Madras, 1 En g li s h an d m i xe d ; in Bombay, 14 English and mixed, and 233 native schools. The number of scholars was 26,000, and the sum annually expended 66,00 W. He admitted that a great deal more ought to be expended, and no doubt would be in time. But let the house consider how slow physical and moral improvement had been in this country, where there were no obstacles comparatively ; he might instance the im provement in gaols and the administration of justice. What was the sum of money expended on education a few years two, even in this unhappy country.? In 1833 it was 10,000/7 ' • last year it was 266,000 i. I n like manner the in crease in India had been gradual, where there were different races, creeds, and languages. Here we had difficulties, where we spoke the same language, and worshipped th e same God ; how immeasurably greater' were the difficulties of India ? (Hear, hear.) But th e y h a d b een part i ally sur mounted ; he trusted that ultimately they would be entirely so. He had no vague fears as to the consequences. He did not entertain the apprehensions which had been somewhere expressed. (Hear, hear.) Whatever might be the result of education, it was our great mission to educate and improve the people, irrespective of results, and he agreed with Mr. Bright that it would be the most glorious monument to, our memory if ever we lost that country, that we had advanced the people in education and knowledge, and had rendered them fit for self-government. (Cheers.) The best evidence he could give to the house and the coun try of what the Court of Directors had done to carry out the act of 1834, was to read the instructions which they sent out to the local government when that act passed. They called attention to clause 87 of the act, and directed that every possible facility should be given to the natives for fitting them to aspire to office. These instructions were honest and distinct, and they were honestly carried into execution by the Government of India. The last subject to which he would allude was the ecclesiastical establishments, and ho would mention generally their increase. In 1834 there were 64 churches ; in 1852 there were 115, In 1834 the Church Establishment cost 81,9544, • the Scotch Ki r k, 6,2531. • the Roman Catholics, I,6ool.— " (hear, hear)—t o t a l, 89,906/. In 1852, the Church Establishment had increased to 107,7001. ; the Scotch Kirk to 6,5001. ; and the Roman Catholics to 5,4001. In 1830 there were 116 missionary stations ; in 1850, 403. The ad vance in the Roman Catholic churches was the most marked. In every station, where there was a European re giment, there was a payment to a Roman Catholic priest. The bishop was not paid as a bishop ; hut he received 250 rupees a month for attending to the registry of baptisms and marriages, and so on, amongst the Roman Catholics. Within the last few hours he had seen a book published in India called the Missionary Intelligencer, which stated that, looking at the country politically, there was a remarkable opening for ministers of the gospel ; there was nothing to deter any prudent faithful man from travelling about in all parts, or settling in any place, and preaching the gospel. It stated that the government of the country had done much to est a bli s h t hi s state of things ; the go verning board were well known for their high principles, and their spirit and example pervaded all the officers of the government, who seemed to have been selected for their talents, habits of business, and uprightness of principle. The rapidity o f i mprovement in tho p counti was really most wonderf u l ; a few years had done the T wo;le of ages in the Punjaub • and the people were released from all petty oppression. ken of talent and rank were all in tent upon their work, and all alive and progressing onward, sparing no labour of either body or mind. They seemed to have their eyes open to everything going on in the old country, making roads, building bridges, and planting trees. (Hear, hear.) This extract coming from such authority was valuable as to the state of moral religious feeling in the country, bearing incidental testimony to the energy and capacity of the servants or the company, more particularly Sir J. HOGG contended there was a system of revision in connexion with this tenure. By the law of India every Hindoo family was a joint family, and the tenure was joint, and when the man died each member had a right to his undivided share, so that the tendency of the tenure was always to subdivision, but this was a system which, while it was well adapted to a rude state of society, was not suited to a more advanced stage of civili sation. The hon. member for Manchester referred to cotton. Upon that subject he would touch very briefly, for there had been a committee over which the hon. mem ber presided, of which he (Sir J. Hogg) was a member, and in the report of which he was happy to say he, together with the hon. member for Manchester, fully concurred. That report described the exertions which the India Com pany had made to advance the cultivation of cotton in. India, sometimes with more and at others with less suc cess ; but, after all, the question of the cultivation of cotton in India was one of market and of price. (Hear, hear.) The Indians cultivated cotton for their own use and for ex portation to China, but they did not ship it to this country, because it was well known that the market here depended upon the goodness or badness of the crop of the United States. If the United States crop was bad there was a market here for Indian cotton but if the United States crop was good there was not. If it really desired to en courage the growth of cotton in India, why did they not make the market certain, as was done in the case of indigo, the grower of which knew beforehand, that if he laid out a certain quantity of land in the growth of indigo, he was sure to be paid for his labour, and the charge of cultiva tion. Sir T. Munroe, at the bar of that house, h a d sa id that the cultivation of grain in India was more profitable that that of cotton. Then the questions of income and revenue were inseparably connected with the question of the cultivation of cotton, but if in place of debating and discussing the subject in that house, Manchester intelli gence and Manchester capital once found its way to the cotton growing districts in the neighbourhood of Bombay and other parts of India, and insured a fair price to the culti vator, cotton would be cultivated in precisely the same way that indigo was. At the same time it must not be lost sight of, that until they had a railway to Bombay, the cost of bringing down the cotton to the place of shipment would operate to a considerable extent against its success ful cultivation. The hon. member for Manchester also said that as they had heard nothing of the condition of the ryots in Bengal, they were doubtless worse off than they were in Bombay, and he founded his statement on the reports of Indian newspapers. He would refer the hon. gentleman to an authority of the same description, the Calcutta Re view, which, in a recent article, saidfthat what struck the eye on passing through Bengal was the exuberant fruitful ness of the soil, the total absence of anything like want or famine, and the comfort and contentment of the villagers. (Hear.) Then the hon. gentleman dwelt on the salt tax. That was an onerous tax no doubt, but it was the only tax the people paid. But here too the hon. gentleman quoted the authority of an Indian newspaper, showing that the people were in effect deprived by this tax of an impor tant necessary of life, and that notwithstanding the system introduced the consumption of salt had diminished. Quoting from the Friend of India, the hon. gentleman stated that—" In the year 1819-50, the consumption was 205,517 tons; in 1850-51, 186,410 tons; and in 1851.52, 146,069 tons. Thus, in the short period of three years, there had been a decrease in the consumption amounting to 59,444 tons, which would involve a loss to the revenue of 416,1361. Salt was one of those articles that people would use as much of as they could afford, and the diminution in the consumption appeared to him to be a deoided proof of the declining condition of the population, and that must affect adversely the revenue of the Indian government." That statement startled him (Sir J. Hogg) when he heard it, for if it were true, the deduction of the honourabl e gentleman was irresistible. Salt was undoubtedly a neces sary of life to those who lived almost exclusively on vege table diet. The hon. gentleman said the duty had in creased, the revenue had diminished, and the consumption had fallen off. But how was it possible for the consump tion to have fallen off while the revenue had increased with t. reduced duty ? (Hear, hear.) But the hon. gentleman might have informed himself better on the subject had he taken the trouble for the same nail, and he presumed in the same envelope, that brought the'paper of the 14th of in the Punjaub. H e re g retted that he had detained the April, from which he quoted, brought the number of the house for such a length of time ; but the subject was one of same paper of the 21st ; and there, under an article simi- great importan ce , an d h e f elt that he was bound to speak larly headed—the consumption of salt—the editor wrote, at some length, as the body with which he was associated "It has been pointed out to us that our returns of last had been assailed, not only been charged with mismanage. week on the consumption of salt contain a mistake so ment and errors of judgment, but even had their motives serious as to vitiate all the conclusions we draw from them. and intentions impugned. (Hear, hear.) He did not (Hear, and laughter.) Yet such were the foundations on complain of the arraignment of the East India Com which the hon. member for Manchester founded his speech. p a ny ; for the acts of all public men were open tq public The next point raised by the hon. gentleman he would not canvass, and if they deserved it, to public condemnation. dwell upon, as they would have a discussion embracing the B u t he complained, as a member of that body, that impu revenue raised from opium—the manner in which it was t a tions had been cast on the honour and purity of the in raised—the cultivation of the poppy—and the morality of tentions of the Court of Directors. (Hear.) It was not the opium trade. They h a d a l rea dy h a d a re p or t o n that long since an hon. friend of his own had asked what sym subject, and they gathered from that document the fact pathy could exist between the East India Company and the that a very large revenue was drawn from the cultivation people of India. He (Sir J. W. Hogg) would ask him if and export of opium, and their belief that the same amount there might not be the sympathy which arose from a con could not be drawn from a less objectionable source. It scientious discharge of duty, and why it should be sup was reported that the cultivation was about to be legalised posed that the Court of Directors were indisposed to &s -in China ; and should that report turn out to be true, it charge their duty. Let them be accused of incapacity and must affect the finances of India considerably. This ought incompetency, but let it not be said that there was any to be considered before they talked of transferring India want of disposition to discharge their duty towards the wholly over to the Crown, because when that was done people of India. He would speak for himself. He pro they would have to take upon themselves all the debts, the ceeded to that country neither in the service of the crown guarantees, and other liabilities for which the India Com- nor of the company, dependent solely upon his own exer pany are now liable. He apprehended that, should that tions for his livelihood and advancement in life. It pleased event take place, and the revenue from the export of opium God to prosper those exertions, and he was indebted to cease, there would be but little chance of proceeding very India for the independence which enabled him to sit in rapidly with public works and improvements. He did not the great council of this country. (Cheers.) He was, know if the hon. member for Manchester saw the papers therefore, devoted to that country by every tie of laid on the table at the period of the Chinese war. If he gratitude and affection ; and he could tell his hon. friend had he would have found the question of political economy that feelings like these were as likely to produce beneficial touched upon—amongst others by Commissioner Lin, who results to the people of India as any abstract doctrines of pointed out the impropriety of the Chinese importing opium philanthrophy and benevolence. (Hear.) He should say while so many districts of China were s uited to its cultiva- for himself, and for those with whom he had the honour tion. Much had been said with respect to public works, and to be associated, that as far as they were personally con he would, therefore, state briefly the result of what had been corne d, th ey care d littl e w h at m i ght b e t h e d eterm i na ti on done. There was the great public trunk road from Cal- of Parliament upon that question ; but their earnest wish cutta to Peshawur, 1,423 miles in length, and costing and prayer was, that the Supreme Disposer of Events 1,0001. a mile. There was a trunk road to Agra, and there might so direct the councils of the legislature that they was the road from Madras to Bombay, which cost half a m i g ht se l ec t th a t f orm of government ° , and those instru million. In all there were 3,159 miles, the estimated cost men t s t o execu t e it , which would be best calculated to of which was 2,166,0001., and the estimated repairs 90,0001. a d vance th e prosper it y an d h app i ness of the people of A great deal of all this ad already been made, and the rest India, and the honour and glory of this country. (Loud was in progress. - Of canals there was the East and West cheers.) Jumna, 580 miles, and the Ganges, 810 miles, which had Mr. BLACKETT moved the adjournment of the debate. cost upwards of a million and a half, of which 780,0001. The motion was a g reed to without any discussion. had already been expended. There was likewise another Th e Consolidated Fund (4,000,0001.) Bill was read a canal 480 miles long, which cost half a million. In Madras third time and passed. there were works of irrigation on the only rivers to which SAVINGS BANKS. they could be applied, the Godavero, the Govery, and the The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER moved that Keishna. In 1850 the works on the two former rivers were the house should res o l ve it se lf i n t o a comm itt ee, i n or d er nearly completed, and for those upon the third the expen diture of 150,000/. had been sanctioned. Now, when these that they might p ass t wo p re li m i nary reso l u ti ons on t h e works were mentioned by his right hon. friend the Presi- subject of the savin gs b an k s ' s y s t em , upon w hi c h h e wou ld dent of the Board of Control, the hon. member for Man- afterwards intr o du ce t wo bill s t o P ar li amen t . chester expressed no satisfaction, nor would he give the Mr. VANCE wished t o k now w h e th er th e r i g h t h on. company the least credit for what they had done. He gentleman meant to introd u ce i n t o e ith er o f hi s bill s any went back to his favourite date of 1792, and stated that provision under which persons who had lost their NOD aey some of these works had been recommended by a report in the Cuffee-street Savings Bank were to receive compan issued in that year. sation ? An HoN. MEMBER (in a stentorian voice)—Hear, hear. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER replied in (Loud laughter.) the negative. Sir J. W. HOGG dared say that the hon. gentleman The resolutions were then agreed to, and the house re who had just been aroused from his slumbers—(great sumed. laughter)—would join the hon. member for Manchester in The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER moved for holding the Government of 1853 responsible for the orris- leave to bring in a bill to amend the laws relating to sav sions of 1792. [The h o n. mem b er —h ear , h ear .] (G rea t ings banks, and also a bill t o amen d th e l aws re l a ti ng t o laughter.) Certainly, the h on . m e mber cou ld no t b e ac - the purchase of Governm e nt annu iti es th roug h th e me di um cused of want of candour. (Lau g ht e r.) It wo uld n o t of savings banks. much strengthen his (Sir J. W. Hogg's) statement to refer Mr. GROG AN expressed a hope that the right hon. to what had been done in the times of the Mahomedau gentleman would be prepared to give a favourable consi- aeration to the claim; of those persons who had lost the money they had deposited in certain savings hanks iu Ireland. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said he thought it desirable that no false expectations should be raised upon that point ; and he would, therefore, state at once that he did not propose in any way to repair retro spectively the deficiencies of the past savings banks system. The utmost he could hope to do would be to amend it, and to provide something like a security against the recurr e n c e of its abuses for the future. Leave was then given to bring in the bills. In reply to a question from Sir J. TROLLOPS, Lord J. RUSSELL said that he proposed to go on with the debate on the India Bill day after day until it should be brought to a close ; and that after the termination of that debate he would take the first order• of the day for the second reading of the Succession Duty Bill. The remaining business on the paper was disposed of, and the house adjourned at one o'clock. CRICKET. A. TO K v. L TO Z. This match was opened at Lord's yesterday, and is one of the most interesting of the Marylebone Club matches. The weather during the latter part of the day was far from favourable. At the close of the play the score stood thus : A TO K. J. Alexander, Esq., b Murray . Gadsden, Esq., b Pollitt A. llaygarth, Esq., b Winterton 4l Hon. E. Bligh, c Murray, b Winterton R. Kyuaston, Esq., b Winterton 1 Lord Guernsey, b Murray 1 J. Curtis, Esq., b Royston 6 J. Kirkpatrick, Esq., b Royston 3 F. Ince, Esq., b Royston 0 Dakin, not out Caldecourt, b Royston byes 10, leg 1, wides 4 ... ~ 35 ..112 Total. L TO Z. Lord Paget, b Caldecourt H. Murray, Esq., b Caldecourt Marquis of Worcester, b Dakin 1 Templar, Esq., c Guernsey, b Dakin 24 Captain Northey, c Guernsey, b Dakin l2 Earl Winterton, b Dakin T. Mostyn, Esq., b Caldecourt . Tuck, Esq., b Dakin 2 J. Northey, Esq., b Caldecourt 1 Royston, not out Pollitt, b Caldecourt byes 14, leg 1, wides 3 Total 121 The match was resumed this morning at eleven. .A.TARYLEBONE CLUB AND GROUND v. THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD. This annual contest was played at Oxford on Friday and Saturday, but in consequence of "long scores" was not brought to its conclusion. The score was as fol lows : MARYLEBONE. First Innings. Second Innings. Adams, b Balfour A. Rawlinson, Esq., run out ... 0 b Balfour ll W. Fellowes, Esq., b Balfour... 7 b Balfour l4 Dean, b Aitkin 2l c Hankey, b Cazenove 1 E. Tredcroft, Esq., c Armit stead, b Balfour 0 b Hankey l6 Hon. E. Bligh, b Balfour . F. Bathurst, Esq., c Leigh, b . . Aitkiu V 0 b Balfour 0 E. T. Drake, Esq., b Clement 10 b Willes Hon. H. Bligh, c Phillips, b Cazenoye P. Hankey, Esq., c Clement, b Balfour 9 not out 26 T. Mostyn, Esq., not out ... ... 0 s Phillips, b Balfour 6 bye 1, leg 1, wide 1 3 byes 2, leg 1, wines 9, no balls 1 l3 78 THE UNIVERSITY. First Innings. Second Innings, W. G. Armitstead, Esq. , b Dean 7 b Dean . 3B Hon. E. C. Leigh, c Deals, b Adams A. Faber, Esq., b Adams 1 b Dean 0 H. Aitkin, Esq., b Adams 24 not out 3O E. Balfour, Esq., b Dean 4 c Rawlinson, b Dean 14 G. Phillips, Esq., c Drake, b Dean 7 c Tredcroft, b Dean... 15 R. Haukey, Esq., run out W. Parker, Esq., c Mostyn, b Dean l4 not 0ut...... E. L. Wiles, Esq., b Dean..... 25 A. Cazenove, Esq., b Dean__ 5 R. Clement, Esq., not out 4 Ibw, b Adams 0 byes 6, leg byes 4, wide, 3... 13 byes 2, leg bye 1, wide 3 Total Total 189 Total 124 Total 129 And in tb is state the game was left. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. CUSTOM-HOUSE, JUNE G. ENTERED INWARDS.—The Mercury, from St. Peters burg ; 21st May, Sudwesthorn ; Oscar, Randers ; Andreas, Christiana; Europa, Oregrand ; Corymbus, Stettin ; Eru dite, Dantzie ; Ernst and Christine, Bostock ; Wilhelmine, Dantzic ; Argo, ditto ; Geziena Catharina, Stettin ; Den mark, Rotterdam ; Northumberland, New York ; Richard and Clara, Dram ; John Brok, St. Lucia ; Brilliant, Ko nigsberg ; E. W. Soullard, Callao ; Dankbarheid, Stettin; Blonde, Bahia ; Juliet Erkine, Colombo ; Protector, Trini dad ; Hendrika, Konigsberg ; Bertha, Dantzic ; Laurin Ma thilde, Nestved ; Vicar of Bray, Mexillona ; John Ravenal, Philadelphia ; Endeavour, Dan tzic ; Eleanor, Stettin ; Wil berforce, Mauritius ; Penelope, Follestad ; Rajasthan, Singa pore ; Juno, Stockholm ; Elizabeth, St. Petersburg ; Ed ward Roberson, Iquique ; Laura and Adele, Rotterdam ; Wilhelmina, Sannesund ; Nordsjernan, Constantinople; Ferozepore, Calcutta; Bolivar, St. Kitt's ; Triton, Dantzic ; Franzeska, Cardenas ; Fyenoord, Rotterdam ; Levitzon Lelkendorff, Matanzas ; Cheapside, Sydney ; Viola, Anti gua ; Diana, Hobroe ; Token, Bombay ; Zwaantje Kerne l* Stettin ; Ann Livingston, Danzic ; Juliana, Konigs berg. ENTERED OUTWARDS.—The Diana, for Rotterdam ; Fame, Calais ; City of Rotterdam, Dunkirk ; Stad Dor drecht, Dordt ; Mercury, St. Petersburg ; Ceres, Rot terdam ; Ravensbourne, Antwerp ; Panther, Ostend ; Soho, Ham) ; Isis, Barcelona ; Noothumberland, New York ; Constitution, Sydney ; Admiral, Port Philip ; Seine, Boulogne ; Diligent, Antwerp ; Amicitia, Amster dam ; Claud, San Francisco. CLEARED OUTWARDS WITH CARGO, JUNE G.—The Standard, for Adelaide ; Anna Maria, Christiana ; Lord Alderney ; Jane and Margaret, Hamburg ; Caroline Stet tin ; Minerva, Swartwick ; Jane Sawyer, Elsinore and St. Petersburg ; Ellen, Rouen ; Julia New York ; City of Boulogne, Boulogne ; Orestes, Trieste. LIVERPOOL, JUNE 6. NEW YORK, MAY 24.—The Prussian ship George Pe howsky, from Baltimore to Kingston, with a cargo of grain, when three days out sprung a leak, and was obliged to put into this port, and will probably have to discharge her cargo. The John Halnaan, bound south-east, was spoken with May 31, 70 miles south-east of Cape St. Vincent. The Barbadian, for London, was spoken with May 27, 43 N long. 6W. . _ The Arabian (s. s.), Liverpool to Constantinople, was spoken with June 1, lat. 43 N., long. 10 W. The Waterlily, bound west, was spoken with May 19, lat. 45 N., long. 43 W. VESSELS SPOKEN WITH. The Paramatta, London to tho Cape of Good Hope, May 27, lat. 48 N., long. 6 W. The Onega, of Dundee, Portsmouth to Rio Janeiro, April 16, lat. 5 N., long. 25 W. The Twee Antonys, Liverpool to Melbourne, April 5, lat. 8 S., long. 28 W. The Mercator, North Shields to Havana, May 26, lat. 49 N., long. 6 W. The George Sand, of Liverpool, May 20, lat. 45 N., long. 34 W. The Margery, Liverpool to Port Philip, April 18, lat. 4 N., long. 20 W. The Neerlandshe Koning, Liverpool to Adelaide, S.A., Mt. 1 N., long. 21 W. ~..~;~, COUNTRY MARKETS. CHELMSFORD—JUNE 3. ,oi Prices to-day were as follow :—Wheat, white, ga to 55s Od, new 36s to 53s • red, old 35s to 465, novr`l4 448; barley-, 25s to 278 • 'chey'alier 318 to 370; t o , 21s to 278; malt, 55s to' 56s ; chevalier,' grip 55s to 5 8 a ; 16,; 19s to 23s ; peas, partridge, 31s to 36s ; white, ta 330. 0 boiling 39s to 42s ; dun, nw 30s to 348 ; beans, kkl to 35s ; Harrow ticks, 31s to '37s ; Mazagan, 305 t° COLCHESTER —JUNE 4. 14 O ; Prices to-day were as follow :—Wheat, white, boo red, 40s to 44 s ; barley, 28s to 33s ; oats, 18s to 2V. Fo s, Mazagan, 32s to 338; middle and small, 35s to white, 40s to 42s ; grey, 34s to 365. —JUNE 4. I of grain A our ork't EICA lf t WHEAT. BARLEY. I OATS. 37 , v. First s2s Od 31s Od 24s Od, 359 01 Second 4Bs lid 32s 6d 1 229 7a 3 s, 01 Third 46s Od 27s Od 1 210 9d o ld r g 2 2 . ij Total quantity of wheat in market, 278 (1-- " 65 0 1 barley „ 67 gm , go ilk oats 203 qrs. , IT o ld IP beans „ 91 VS., ' ' AVERAGES PER IMPERIAL QUARTER. Average of wheat £2 8 11 Ditto of Barley Ditto of Oats Ditto of Beans HADDINGTO: The following are the priG to-day : „ „ 3, 33 9-1 0/5 5.12 0 730' 0 630'5 --- KIRKCALDY—JUNE 4. 11 118$t We had small supplies of all kinds of grain. OSP sold quickly at a full shilling per qr. ficl° 3ll ,... ce ies• 0 about 6d p er qr . a d vance . B ar l e y a t last day's 11. 13 1 0 Wheat. Barley. Oats. 10 5 I I First Second I 29s Od 22 s Od 0 fr y ' Third 43s Od 27s Od 18s 6 , 1 Oatmeal, per bag of 2801bs imperial, 28s Od to g" sti ti k ° The following , is the official statement of the q., 1/6 thef - d , of corn, &c., received in the port of London be* owing ports, from the 30th May to the 4th (Tu ll inclusive : 1 e, ~ i ~ Colchester Harwich Leigh Malden nOll ~i , ~ COAL MARE Prices of Coal per ton at t; s. d. Bate's West Hartley 15 0 Carr's Hartley l5 6 Chester Main 14 6 Hasting's Hartley 15 6 Holywell.. . .... . . l6 6 Howard's i'Vestart—ley _ Netherton 15 6 North Percy Hartley l5 0 South Peareth l3 3 Tanfield Moor l5 0 Tanfield Moor Butes 15 01 Townley 15 0, Walker Primrose l4 3; Wallsend, &c Gosforth Harton Northumberland Riddell .15 0 .15 0, .14 6 .14 6 Ships at market l' 7911- IC9I 25 ET—Ju 6. 2e close of them llme'' lw 6 Framwellgate .••••. •••" .. 15 $ Eden Main . ......... ••*" .. ls 6 Lambton Primrose. .. 6 Bell .. .. . ................. 9 8e1m0nt............. Braddyll .............. "16 $ Lambton s s w h li ; . 1 .1 16 1 p H e e t t 0 en H e r Stewart's ................. "15 Ca550p................ ;Cowper .. . .............. " . 11 Hartlepool ............. Kelloe ................. ,Thornley . .. „ ...... ••"115 Sidney's Ha rtley •••"''. '7 1 Sold ........ . .. ---0, 680 - P 418 - 001 'l;. - 1 SEABORNE MAILS. (N signifies that the mails are sent from the Gen eral by the night—and M by the morning—dispatch.] f r o From wha t 0;0 Port Dispatch°. 1,001 Liverpool ; Liverpool • 11 J ae SoutharoP . 10 SoutharnPo.:olooo, Dover • • • • ,f LondonDP lY v m e ru• mouth „' • :' Vl 7 ° ° 0 SouthaMP,,,. 107 SouthalnP . looo Dover •• •: 0 0 0 ,11 SouthantrO„ 0 0 ' SouthamP W " 0 0 Plymouth " 0 Plymouth 0 0 Plymouth " 0, 4 01 0 ,9 Plymouth " 0 Southan11 011 „ VDU ° SouthamPtl j lO 0 0 ,11 Dover .• • • .1 1 0;',/ SouthainPW"' Dover . • • • Dover .. •• 0. - SouthamP t.- 1 ifr StoutharnP7o o 2,l London • • SoutharuPt v- in London • Or a SoutharoP% -1 1 0 ; Ii Southan l P .- 1::, Dover .• • • " Holyhead 10 SoutharoP„„," - Ve r li SontlyunP .- p li Plymout h Dover •• • A O I; s o utliala w O.:, IF Dover • • 1 4 ,1 0 . 1;0 0 Southahl P o rt various ,1 6 1 Dover • • • ;o'si I, Southall:lP to _o p couth° o ' Plynloh t) :. 1 58 D o ver • • • • Dover • • iSljtir Soathal o P Id 11, 1° 1 ,soutlistaP" Day when made up in General Post- Offlee, London.* O -10 i rje i Thf tl 3 ° ter ce ption - d ine ti will be COUNTRIES. America(byßrit.pack)N America (by. United Sts. packet) ..........N America (by U. States' packet) .......... N Australia (via South ampton) ..........M Ditto (via Marseilles) N Ditto (via Cape of Good Hope) .. ........ N Africa (West Coast) .. N Alexandria .......... N Alexandria ..........M Bahamas Belgium ............N Brazil ..............M Buenos Ayres ('ape of Good Hope .. N Cape of Good Hope .. N Cape de Verds N Ceylon (see India) Ceylon ..............N Channel Isles China (see India) Constantinople ......N Constantinople ...... wont. of Europe M & N Egypt (see India) Fiance . - 111 & N Gibraltar Greece (see India) Greytown ..........M Hamburgh ..........N Fiavannah ..........M Holland M Honduras .. India (viaSouthampt.)M India (via Marseilles)M lonian Isles (see India) Ireland ........M & N Lisbon ..............M Madeira ............M Madeira ............N Malta (see India) Malta. ..... 3lauritlus (see India) . . Mauritius ...........li Mexico ............M Naples..... ........N New Granada ......M New Zea1and.......... Papal States ........N Peninsula ..........M Port Natal ..........N Sicily Tuscany ............NI Venezuela Van Diemen's Land (see Australia) ..... .• • I West Indies a When any of these dispatched on the follow Southampton), and the day preceding. Every Friday .... !June 14 •••• • • • • 'June 8 .. • • ...... iJuly 4 .......... July 8 June 4 .......... 23rd of the month. 8,9, 24, & 30 of m. 4th & 20th of mon. 2nd of the month 9th of the month.. 9th of the month.. 14th of the month 14th of the month 14th Of the month. 14th of the month Mon.,Wed.,&Frld. & 17th of month 7,8,17,24,&27 of m. 4th & 20th of mon. Twice daily ...... Twice dai1y...... 4,7, 17, 20, 27 of m. 2nd & 17th of mon. Tuesday & Friday 2nd of the month Wednesday & Sat. 17th of the month. 4th & 20th of mon. Bth& 24th of month Twice daily .... 7,9, 17, & 28 of m. 9th of the month 23rd of the month 17,17,19,28, 30 ofm, 14th of the month 2nd of the month.. sthlsth2sthofmon. 2d & 17th of month By private ship .. cthlsth2sthofinon. 7 thl7th2Bthotinon. 2d & 27th of mon. 14th of the month sthlsth2sthofmon, sthls th2sthofmon 2d & 17th of month, 12d& 17th of month! dates fall on a Su ing day, with the e: Malta, both of whit A llll l 'to" [ADVERTISEMENT.] ASCOT RAC.--i m . tll, 4 1- p o i marle-street, Piccadilly o b serv e, opP°s7b. 7 . , 0 0 Hotel. The Royal Exhibition. -- • o teoe" . ov0 newly-invented, very small powerful Ivrela, slydip glass, the size of a w a ln u t, by N''''' . jolf o fi can be seen and known one m ile and 0 ' ou rotifFi they answer every purpose on the ram _,, a 00 1 ..„n 6 5 opera-houses, country scenery, and ships e'l o otwler I at 12 to 14 miles. They are invaluable for et &g lek n fte i stalking, yachting, to sportsmen, gentleroen'ort iler' ii l and tourists. Telescopes—A new end .6/13 Pied tY invention in telescopes, possessing 5uf .. ...'" e ye-o 4 $ powers that some, 33 . inches, with an el''' riatf' d ode l ijo o show distinctly Jupiter's moons, Saturd s g g hi . ,, 4 led , double stars ; with the same telescoPe ,ll7 ,,e ts:, g qo ounces, can be seen a person's counteel . 6 to - ,pog' 4 and a half distant, and an object from a jotilo s pr i ft4 They supersede every other kind for thew,,,airt i ol4o and are of larger and all sizes, with in v i ith no, viii' accordingly. Opera and race-course glasses' 1 . 4 1 1 '41 power ; an object can be clearly seen, fr° ln t i c iat a dlrd, distant. vented i la v M al e u s ino f, ..s, asnbl. e S p . re a s n e d rvi ß n . Solo ns oP inp-- er they are placnd before imperfect visif 4 ;jefe ° , o o/, g spectaclelo,-7 eveicetloj, appears clear and distinct, the m ost agri o its,l 7 , o fP', becomes bright and brilliant, is brough'',,, T or DsA,,,ps natural, and original state. Deafness, polgr i airoo The Organic Vibrator, an extraorai na ' l e atir e 'S Or' tY newly-invented instrument, for Deafnesce'the ici ...,0 ,0, g o'bv , from all others, to surpass anything a ` (. 1, P v it e ll Pe e s ' been, or probably ever can be produc e t ibia; (i - 0 1l - same colour as the skin, it is not parc e l ) d Or o 1 ,7" deaf persons to hear distinctly at church and Ao, semblies ; the unpleasant sensation 01 4. as iii LioTtlf , the ears are entirely removed ; a nd it 1 1 1 1 . 5n a . 13. 0 .0'" ance that possibly could be desired. --- A . re at, ' 00P Aurists and Opticians, 39, Alb Observe, opposite the York Hotel. , ;ntin ent 7 t. be g , [ADVERTISEMENT.]—HOIIOWaY'O ',:. ea sel c''' e r / Certain Cure for Eruptions and all -uis d, drA per , 0 1 , 0 —Extract of a letter from Mr. J. iliorllo3l:ifittrel dated Feb. 14, 1852, to Professor ki _ 007;4 01 My child, when three months old, wr oug ht l e i, , •1i i ,,,; severe eruption all over her body ~.- " s ici a n s•A ; 7 o tP t y Albemarle- ~a pig, and the advice of surgeons and PlY eso. / b r ; t ioll.el whom the case was considered hope . _.„.. cs ge , o tes your Ointment and Pills, and without e u t ic e or!,se; P. effect was miraculous, for in a short .llf r. 0 0 0 1 o pp ept ; to perfect health, and so remains.•.. f o od be„tete t ," seller, Gainsborongh, and myselt,,,: w of , this ii,` - i'sr satisfy any inquiries as to the tu blishment, 244, Strand, London. Sold by all druggists ; and at Ptrtirofessorffell"- 0 3 BIRTHS . 10 114° 0 1 OF A 8°14 ,; . Soll th k - fir ricr gito e the wife of Paul king, Es q• t e rrace , bRe On the 3d inst. at Chalcots-Tlue-, /0 0- '0 • t tl7 Oxib rd ' 31 96t On the 4th ins ~ a , f EL, • 1 0° wife of W. Rogers, vo rrgit. asre, the eis, OF A DA 04 0 44, ICensingtoll• f 110 On the 3d inst., at i f o o John J. Merriman, Esq. ster, the iv On the 4th inst., at Leice i( Bankart, Esq. Esq., late o ------- ..-. . Ilill MA.R-RI Ev. daingt °ll 'ri t i 4 o ,,r • e pa _go , C. On the 4th inst., at All Sain ts' , star, ,to it h, ~, Esq., commander of the : Isi 1.". Tino th Y °al Ige r second daughter of Captain h• „. c hore / 6 to , C a mbridge-terrace. o f ThoVISS LA ewes , OIZa U Of Ilayter, eldest son o o ci., On the 4th inst., at St. - re ei7L eb°ll- sch., , : t f i i , Yl o t , street, and Norwood, Surrey' daughter of the late Samuel .',- Devon. fe ejt rob , j 'e• Dap' d St• " r- 0 „, e ts olo l P - t, Miss Ellen Ellen Foxhall. house 1(1, ,030 iv, On the sth inst., at Grove-end-ree ' On the sth inst., at his son's of o ra ight7: . of race, Hyde-park, Sir John ffeP e i, i , 73d 11, Alf ° for the county of Edinburgh, ill, i " ho hire, t On the sth inst., at Liscard, um ( 00, mss Joynson, Esq., aged 33- -frii A 310. 1)( 00 10. 0 o , A d by 0 0 ' LONDON: Printed and Publish - To, Soo 0. of No. 112, Strand, Printer . ,,s_ , sit y, in Strand, in the Precinct of ,nP - 5 5. Middlesex, Tuesday, Jill"' . . - ~; ,'h.