The Sun. — London, England, 1853-02-03 00:00:00

~ ~, ~, ~~~ ~ ✓~~ vinces take part in this contest. The Mussul man subjects of the Porte in Bosnia and the Herzegowine constitute more than half the popu lotion, and still furnish the best soldiers of the whole Turkish army. The peasantry, or rayahs, are to a great extent Christian, but they are unarmed and habituated to oppression. The result of a more widely extended struggle would, " perhaps, be a massacre of the Christian inhabitants which it is frightful to contemplate. The Austrian Government, having, probably, a clearer knowledge of a danger immediately contigu ous to its own dominions, dreading the influence of Russia in Montenegro, and finding that the agents of France and England have not attended as yet to this subject, has at once proceeded with vigour to endeavour to arrest these calamities. Count Lein ingen has already been dispatched on a special mis sion to Constantinople to induce the Porte to recog nise the state of semi-independence in which the Montenegrins have lived for so many years, to stop the effusion of blood, and to protest against the persecution of the rayahs on the frontiers of Euro pean Turkey, which Austria announces herself de termined to prevent. At the same time, a consi derable force ha s been collected on the Dalmatian frontier, fully equipped to take the field under the command of Jellachich, the Ban of Croatia, whose influence over the Southern Slavonian provinces has already in former years produced results of such vital consequence to the Imperial Monarch. If the Court of Vienna should act upon the declarations which it is understood that Count Leiningen is in structed to make, it is evident that an entirely new and important element is introduced into what is commonly termed " the Eastern question." The policy of Austria towards Turkey has been for upwards of half a century ultra-Conservative. Even when France, England, and Russia combined to establish the independence of Greece, she refused to par ticipate in so revolutionary a scheme, and no Power has shown, till lately, a stronger desire to support the tottering foundations of the Ottoman Empire. Some recent events have, perhaps, Modified this friendly feeling, and the part which Austria has 'IIOW assumed towards the Christian subjects of Turkey in Europe is extremely significant. Prince George Petrovitsch, a near relative of Prince Daniel, of Montenegro, is known to lie at Vienna, and in close communication with the Imperial Government. If the _choice- of the Ban of Croatia be confirmed as the commander of the Imperial forces on the frontier, his name is known-through out those provinces as the living impersonation of that warlike Slavonian race which has been crushed for centuries by the Turkish Pashas. From Servia to the Dalmatian coast it is scarcely possible to doubt that a decided indication of suppOrt from the Austrian Government would be followed by a very general movement amongst the Christian popula- . 4 ,4 k-- 7: - . 1 ,"'N, • , i - _....----- • :,• A - ----. ' IlLirt6 I . —", • 4 .)" xv , 4! 5 , E.,.,, . . . , ,•.. t ~. . . . .. . t . vt, 55 . _ *r. . , v. .I ;r i g . ~..,4 A , i24 7A/M ------ -„y ~..: , ..". t'l ,l l:7 ' . ' •7.":4: - ''''')s:' .2f :, 0k,,,. ;.,:,. 4.4.4+ - • - , t •°. u r • At ) 0. r . -'" ' '!,, " ;. 1 .' 4 i o . W ..l ' '' er 4!•..2 '' - 'k- N , 7::4 ' .: N ' 14 ...,''''. ~i- . ,Lit ' !::) : : I ti , '..y 1,, , i s- -- - ""'\.- 4, , ,, , ' , re . • ... 4 4 1 A 6.-_,A ;.; ); • - :A{g!' . ' o' % • N ' • , ~. s"tfi • 4 ,-, 1"-ts..,:.:,TA's- - 4 44i '...; -- 'i , t ''.-1-;'- ii6 : •,.. ''' '.., 1 7. i :;•, 10 ,,V ,' - - '' 7 r.s , . - . -- ----•:7", - .4 , . pi!. \ • ~, ' fp' j ' ..II,„ , '---. ••, -?-- --r /i , ' DIY. ' --, •,/ ,' ' "' "-- * - ' 9,44 br, a 9e;-,.„`''& -- .tiltiA - - - i ,-, Excellent Honse'iold Furniture, noble Glasses, French and English Clocks of the best make, framed Prints, Drawi.igs, Pictures, sus pending Lamps, and Chandeliers. - - MESSRS. BULLOCK will SELL, at their Great Rooms, 211, High Holborn, on Saturday next, at 1 i fur 12, Modern FURS ITURE, Including two sets of 12-feet dining tables, and two sn - aller sets, Bidet lard , , dining and drawing room chairs and sofas, marble-top commodes with looking-glass panels, walnut and rosewood boo and occasional tables and what-nots, silk and da mask curtains, a pair of glasses CO by 50, and six others, three ma hogany secretairo bookvces, boudoir tables, &c., in polder mache, Brussels carpets and ra,,s, metal tube, maho.:any and jafanned bedsteads andthedding, marble top washing-stands, chests of drawers, hall and kitchen appendages, richly-cut glass, china, plated articles, and a fire-proof iron safe. May be viewed, and catalogues had to-morrow. No. 18,835. j LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 3, 1853. [PRICE SD. Freehold Farm of 136 acres, Tithe Rent-Charge, and Villa Residence, with Garden and Malting Premises, situate at Darenth, Horton Kirby, and Sutton-at-Hone, in the western division a Kent. MESSRS. BULLOCK are directed by the Trustees to SELL by AUCTION, at the Mart, on TUESDAY, Maim! 22, at 12 for 1 precisely, in three lots, with possession of the farm, tithes, and malting premises. Lot I. The valuable k reehold Farm, called Gills and NV nitehouse, in the parishes of Darenth and Horton Kirby, only four miles from Dartford, comprising 136 acres of excellent arable and hop land, and fruit plantation, all land-tax re deemed, and in a high state of cultivation, having been for the last three years and a half under the management of Mr. J antes Russell, of Horton Kirby, as receiver of the Court of Chancery, &ring which short period it has produced the net profit of upwards of 2,0001 There is a farm-house, with barns, stabling, waggon lodges, two oast-houses, hop stores, three cottages and gardens„ and the whole (excepting about six acres of wood) lies in a ring force. Lot 2. The Rent-charge of 211. per annum, for the great t thes of about GO acres of the farm, being that portion which is situate in Horton Kirby. Lot 3. A genteel detached Villa Residence, called Hill Cot tage, with a newly-built greenhouse and ice-beuse, also a pleasure and kitchen garden of an acre laid out with great taste, and well planted, situate at the corner of Frog-lane, in tbe village of Sutton at-Hone, in the occupation of Henry Ha'l, Esq., of Horton Paper mills, at the nominal rent of 351. per annum. Also a malt-house, with kiln, 20-quarter steep, two brick and cement flews, and grana ries over, with entrance from Frog-lane, and adjoining to the above, at pr. sent unlet. Printed particulars, containing plans and a detailed statement of the produce of trm farm, as accounted for and p - id over by the re ceiver on oath, will be ready 28 days before the sale, and may then be had at the inns at Dartford, Farningliam, Sutton, Darenth, Horton Kirby, and Grave=end ; of Mr. Steele, Solicitor, 1, Lincoln's inn-fields ; and Messrs. Hilleary, solicitors, 63, Fenchuich-street ; at the Mart ; and of Messrs. Bullock, 211, High Holborn. L ONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. THE 139th Number of the HYGEIST and MEDICA.I. REFORMER, for February, contains :—A most important article on the Blood, by Dr. Southwoed Smith, with re. malts ther.on—Dcath of a Penitent near Brisiel—Obj , :ctionable Med Peal dvertisem nts, &c., &c.—May be hat at the Britt- h Col lege of Health, New-road, London ; ant at the Office, 262, Strand. Price Id.. or 2d. by post. Fso of all the A.:ents for Morisou'e Vegetable Universd Medicine tbrau.hout the country. the desire for relaxation was ,the necessary rebound of the slavish devotion to Mammon during the week ; but how was it that the clergy had never found this out till now, when they imagined their own interests were threatened ? (Cheers.) The clergyhad no right to com plain of this state of things, for if they had not actually promoted it, they had tacitly admitted it, while setting themselves up as the guardians of the public morals. They had reposed on the support of the middle classes, whose pew rents and subscriptions to schools had pur chased them immunity in their oppression of the working men. (Cheers.) But it was patent to the world that the priests of this country had now ceased to hold do minion over the minds of the people. (Cheers.) Either the priests lacked the will or the power to remedy the state of things complained of ; and that being so, it was for the people to plead their own cause with the Legisla ture. Dr. Cumming said if the Crystal Palace were opened on Sunday, the same permission must be extended to the British Museum and exhibitions of various kinds. But the argument told the other way—if the clergy were powerful enough to close the Crystal Palace on Sundays, they might close Hampton Court, and stop the running of railways and steamboats, in the vain attempt to force people to church. The truth was, this was not a question between the C r y s t a l P a l ace an d the church, but between the Crystal Palace and Battersea-fields — between it and public-houses, beer-shops, and other less reputable places of resort. (Cheers.) By raising the amusements of the people, their habits and morals would be improved ; and they would be thus brought nearer to a religious frame of mind, and elevated in the social scale. Instead of opposing this measure, _the clergy ought to go hand-in-hand wi the working classes in seeking to obtain the boon ; th .would thereby do more real good than by all their le, ed polemical disquisi tions. If they wished the working-classes to have no enjoyment at all, they should first set the exa.ple. , (Hear, hear.) r Mr. FERDINANDO, delegate of the silk weavers, said he represented the inhabitants of Spitalfields and Beth nal-green, where there had lately been a large sUpply . of churches ; but lie could state that not more than one in fifty of the weavers attended those churches. They were low in the social scale, and their remuneration was a positive disgrace to the community. He could not tell how they lived ; they lingered on from day to day ; but , it was one of the greatest problems that could be pro posed how they maintained their existence. (Hear, hear.) Most of them spent the Sunday in-doors ; they scarcely dared venture out on account of their I lowered position. But they were anxious for the opening of the Crystal Palace, as a means of intellec tual improvement, and of consequent amelioration of their condition. They worked from 14 to 16 hours a-day, and their average earnings were 10s. a-week. Some of the better class, whose clothing was a little decent, ventured out on the Sunday, not to church, but on short excursions, and in the evening 'occu pied themselves with discussions on moral and intellec tual subjects. (Hear, hear.)'. The meetings held to oppose the opening of the Crystal Palace on Sundays were not a faithful reflex of public opinion. He had attended some, and found them largely composed of an-. thent ladies and antiquated gentlemen—(laughter)—of a class addicted to revel in tea and scandal. There were also young persons, Sunday-school teachers, of whom he spoke with all respect, but whose short experience of the world hardly qualified them to form a proper estimate of a question like this. There were the poor people who attended church on account of the small gratuities given away there from time to time. ("Hear, hear," and laughter.) Such were their ,opponents, along with the parsons ; and unless a movement was made on the other side, it might be supposed that these small parties expressed the public Opinion. (Hear, hear.) He was confident that the Crystal Palace would be opened on the Sunday, for the public opinion and the intelligent portion of the press were in favour of it. (Cheers.) SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. defects Mr. Cobden has combined ; and, in virtue of that extraordinary qualification, claims to be the founder of a policy never yet adopted in the annals of the human race. He is the censor of all past ages, and " the guide, philosopher, a n d friend" of j ours. His system, as a practical or established fact, is found nowhere in history since the world be g an. Now wo propound to him a dilemma, one aternative of which must make him despair of his project, if he is not a fool ; and the other, if he is not by far the greatest man that ever lived. Either that project is not practicable, or it is. In the former supposition there is an end of the question. If it be a practicable project in it self, as not one among the myriads of illustrious minds who have detested war, nor any number of them combined, have ever been able to devise means for ensuring the impossibility of its occur rence, the inference is evident that there never yet lived men on earth whose talents could be com pared to those of Mr. Cobden, and that what no other virtuous men possessed skill to accomplish, he knows how to effect. NOTICE ICHEREBY GIVEN, That the next HALF-YEARLY ORDINARY MEETING of the London and North-Western Rail way Company will be held at the Euston-station, London, on FRIDAY, the 18th day of February, 1853, at Twelve o'clock at noon, for the transaction of the general business of the Company ; and also for confirming the Directors' declaration of the forfeiture of ninety-five 30/. shares and twenty-five 10/. shares of the late Hud dersfield and Manchester Railway Company, and one hundred and cighly-five 25/. shares of the late Leeds and Dewsbury Railway Company. . OPENING OF THE CRYSTAL PALACE ON Dated this 2d day of February, 1853. GEO. ANSON, Chairman. ROB. ItENSON, Deputy-Chairman. HENRY BOOTH, Secretaries. CHAS. E. ST.EWART, SUNDAYS. I col. cloth, price 3s. 61, by post 4s. - - THE INCOME AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE IRISH CHURCH ; being a Re: ly to Sergeant Shee on " 'ihe Irish Church, its History and Statistics" and showing why Sergeant Shee avoided stating either, while prof - essing, to show a surplus of income above requirements. By EDWARD A. STOPFORD, Archdeacon of Meath. Dublin: Hodges and Smith, Booksellers to the Usiversity. London: F. and J. Rivington, St. Paul's Churchyard. When it is remembered that the moral government of the world is not, like the physical sciences, intrin sically and necessarily progressive, requiring ages to accumulate their materials, and to continue and develop their application, but that, in the earliest community, all the data already existed on which the political philosopher could found his operations, it will be found that the dilemma we have just proposed is entirely unanswerable. In the me chanical arts and the physical sciepces it is natural and reasonable to expect -that there should be an enormous superiority in this generation over men who lived two thousand years ago, and that there will be a similar superiority in our posterity over this generation. But, in virtue and in wisdom, such a progress is not equally certain ; nor is it equally natural or epially reasonable to expect it. It is not surprising that no person in ancient Athens should have possessed the means of traversing the Atlantic as quickly as Mr. Cobden can. But it would be justly surprising if no person in ancient Athens understood the passions of the human heart as well as Mr. Cobden understands them—nay, it would sur prise us if it could be proved that there had been no one in that intelligent communitywhose ideas on poli tics, and on the management of men, were as en lightened as Mr. Cobden. Solon himself, long ago as he flourished, was, probably, not much inferior, in that respect, to the member for the West Riding. We can understand why it should have been im possible for a Christian in the days of the Apostles to procure as good a razor at Damascus (if he could get any) as Mr. Cobden can procure at Sheffield ; but we cannot understand why it should have been impossible for such a Christian to have been as wise and as virtuous as Mr. Cobden, as adverse to war, as mighty in words and works, as likely to effect a moral revolution in men's conduct, as able a speaker, as safe a guide, as enlightened, and as profitable an instructor. But wo are almost ashamed to squan der arguments in refuting theories which all per sons instinctively feel to be fallacious, hopeless, witless, and ridiculous. The Peace Society will not do what Christianity has failed to do. But we are met by an ingenious illustration of Mr. Bright's. He says—" Look at duelling ; a very few years since, it was an almost universal practice —it has almost wholly disappeared. Why not hope for a similarly blessed result in the practice of war fare ?" CONSOLIDATED LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY. Life assurance, endowments, and annuities, on the most equitable terms. Persons In doubtful health, or whose proposals for assurance hes been declined at other offices, assured at premiums carefully adjusted to the increased risk. Loans granted upon every real security, and els) upon approved Personal security, from 501. to 5001. All claims payable Within one month' after satisfactory proof of death, PATRON-H R. H. PRINCE ALBERT. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. ENTIRE CHANGE of MUSIC.—An OPTICAL and MUSI CAL ILLUSTRATION of SH.A.KSPEEE'S " MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM," in'zochring the ORIGINAL MUSIC by Sir Henry Bishop, Morning and Evening.—LECTURES by J. H. Pepper. Esq., on the endless AMUSEMENTS of CHEMISTRY, adapted to a -T" - : ---"nnce; by Dr Rachhoffner. on the MECHANICAL - Pltyrtft.TlE , of a JET of STEAM: by Mr.Cr'spc, 45, Cheapside. NOAH COLLIER, Secretary. on ERICSSON'S CALORIC ENGINE.—DISSOLVING VIEWS, , ±T including Day and Night Views of WALMER CASTLE, WALMER CHURCH, &c., &c. Admission, is. ; School 3 arc' Children under Jan years of age, half-price. ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF MARRIAGE, AND THE SECRET p,IFIRBLIT ,MATURITY. LOURED ENGRAVINGS ON STEEL. LAITILENT'S GRAND CASINO. ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill -street, st. James's, Lessee, Charles Emile Laurent, Onslow House, Brompton-road, Tdcensed pursuant to Act of Parliament, of 25th George 11. Open every evening with Laurent's Celebrated Band. Principal Cornet-a-Piston, M. Boulcour. Admission—ONE SHILLING. Doors open at Half-past Eight o'clock. Dancing to ommones at Nine, anti terminate at Half-past Eleven precisely. In French, Engliish, German, Dutch, Spanish, and Italian, in a Sealed Envelope, 2a. 6d., or post-free, for Forty-two Stamps, ELF-PRESERVATION; an K.) Analytical Investigation of the Physiology and Functions of Marriage, in all the hearings in which that important subject affects the health and happine%s of Man, with its Disqualifications and Impe diments, tracing their origin to the effects of juvenile solitary habits, Youthful excess, tropical climates, or dose study; followed by prac tical remarks, founded on twenty years' experience in the treatment of Impuissance, Nervous Debility, Local Weakness, Spermatorrhosa, Syphilis, and all diseases of the Urinary and Generative System. Il lustrated by 50 coloured Engravings, on the Anatomy of the Repro ductive Organs and their relative condltiona in Health and Disease. NEV FEATURE IN LIFE ASSURANCE. T HE DEPOSIT and GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY, By SAMUEL LVMERT, M.D. 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON, Were the Government of the Porte in the hands of more discreet and enlightened Ministers they would have foreseen and avoided these alarming contingencies by abstaining from the attack on Montenegro. But as matters now stand at Con stantinople we have no reasonable grotmd of con fidence that the moderate counsels of any foreign Power will be listened to, or_ that the Turks will attend to any remonstrances. The financial condi tion of the Empire ought indeed to bring them to reason, for after having rejected the loan they have dissolved the Bank, and seem now reduced to live, like the Nizam, by exactions on the great vassals or wealthy merchants of the country. All their late acts bear the stamp of headstrong presump tion, and if the Sultan attempts to check the pas sions of the party in whose hands he is placed it might cost him his life or his throne. Yet the con tinuance of such a state of things must lead, at no distant period, to a catastrophe ; and in the pre sent state of Europe, when so little cordial union can be said to prevail between some of the principal States, it would be more than ever difficult to deal on common and general principles with questions affecting the Turkish empire. Probably the grow ing spirit of independence among the Christian population of the European provinces of Turkey will at last give the signal of that change which diplomacy has so long laboured to avert ; and, pos sibly, the present expedition against Montenegro has been undertaken from a belief that some ter rible example is needed to crush these tendencies to insurrection. But this is a dangerous game. The whole country from the Danube to the Balkan might be roused by such a contest, and the mani fest interest of the Porte is to terminate the dis pute with Montenegro before it has assumed more serious proportions. Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member of the University of Edin burgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., &c. The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fearful consequences resulting from irregularities and excesses, which have produced more misery in Youth, degradation in Man hood, and premature decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, any other class of disease known to modern pathologists. The treatment adopted is founded on experience gained in the most celebrated schools of medicine both in this country and in continental Europe. The results of the knowledge thus acquired are here condensed under the personal supervision of Dr. La'Mert, himself one of the few legally qualified physicians who have devoted their whole and un divided studies to this important branch of medical science. In short, every peculiarity relating to the treatment of the diseases incidental to the generative system and the means of immediate relief and ultimate cure are described in detail. The professional reputation of Dr. La'Mert, who has taken the most distinguished medical and academic honours at home and abroad, is in itself a sufficient guarantee that those who may place themselves under his care will, in every instance, meet with that delicate consideration and inviolable secrecy which are so requisite in the treatment of these CaSCS. Published by the Author, and may be had of J. Gilbert, 49, Pater noster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Stacie, Titchborne-street, Haymarket ; Mann, 23, Cornhidl ; or free by post for forty-two stamps , from the author, who may be consulted personally, or by etter daily, from Ten till Two, and from Six till Eight. 18, New Bridge-street, Blackfriars, London. CAPITAL—ONE litrinutzp THOUSAND POUNDS. DIRECTORS. R. Tallowley Barnes, Esq., 11, City-road, Finsbury. G. Noel Clarke, Esq., late 17th Lancers, Junior United Service Club George Coode, Esq., Portland-terrace, Wandsworth, and BelToir, St. Jersey. Stephen Cracknall, Esq.. 1, St. John's-gardens, Notting•hill, and 11, Few-square, Lincoln's-inn. George Knox, Esq : , _l5, Connaught-equare, Hyde-park, rnd Tor Lodge, Staffordshire Alexander Maclean, Esq„ Harrow-on-the-Hill. David C. Poole, Esq., 32, Upper Seymour-street, Portman-square. William Prinsep, Esq., 147, Leadenhall-street, and 8, Hyde-park. place West. Robert Andrew Riddell, Esq., Inner Temple, Barrister-at-Law. Br. Scanlan, 21, Upper Seymour-street West, Connaught-square. Major Sperling, 14, St. James's-square. AUDITORS. F. J. Bigg, Esq„ 126, Stand, Actuary and Secretary to the Medical Legal, and General Life Office. William Jones, Esq., Accountant, 8, Guildhall-chambers. • BANKERS. Sir Charles Price, ➢iarryat, and Co., 3, King William-street, London PHYSICIANS. Dr. Lewis, Finsbnry-place. Dr. Scanlan, 21, Upper Seymour-street West, Connaught-square. BURGEONS. H. T. Chapman, Esq., 16, Lower Seymour-street, Portman-square. Michael Teevan, Esq., 44, Gloucester-place, Hyde-park-gardens. CONSDLTING ACTUARY. Francis G. P. Nelson, E,q., F.L.S. INSPECTOR OF AGENCIES. F. P. F. Strottsberg, Esq. STANDING COUNSEL. William Wellington . Cooper, Esq., New-square, Lincoln's-Inn. SOLICITORS. Messrs. Ifill and Mathews St. Mary-axe. RESIDENT SECRETARY. Charles W. Bevan, Esq. The public Is respectfully invited to examine the principles of the Deposit System of Assurance. which is based upon tables calculated by. and Is under the immediate supervision of, Francis G. P. Neison, Esq., F.L S., the Consulting Actuary to the Company. Comparative Tables to assure 5001 on death, by a person aged twenty next birth,lay, on the ORDINARY and on the DEPOSIT system ofAssurances. ON THE ORDINARY SYSTEM. ,The sam the ordinary The sum the Life Offices would give ordinary Life him if he were unable Offices would to pay, or if he omitted f. At the His give him for to pay his current end of policy i the surrender annual premium of 76 Annual thirty at that , or sale Si., 6s. 3d. after he has 7 . 4 premium:yearswhen age, I of his policy, paid into their coffers to assure the party In cases after thirty 2491.7 s Gd., and which 300/.. is fifty of ,years'payments they have had the use yea-a old, death I amounting 10 of at compound hewn' have will be 249 /. 7s. 6d. interest,t or in paid into worth which theyhave the event of his death the office. Thad the benefit one hour after such of at compound omission or inability interest. to pay. isl. 6 s. 3d.!! little more I 249/.78.gd. 5001. than V/. NOTHING. I perhaps 901. ON THE DEPOSIT SYSTEM. Ifunable to pay, or not desirous of paying or omitting topay,thePo licy would still remain of US FULL value, 522/.25.7d.ti1l death, if 20 years after, no fur ther pay [pent beingre quired. If however the party, from any cause, wished to cancel the Policy, he could not onlydraw out all hehas pnt in, viz , 2251., but 20 7/.los Od 2:251. .122/.257d 2871. 2s. 9d. a certain bonus of 621. 2a. 9d. in the bargain, which is more than one-fourth of the whole of his payments, or he could either draw out a part, 201. or 501., diminishing the Policy only by the assured value of the sum se drawn out at the age when withdrawn. Sec pagess andim detailed pamphlet, by F. G. P. Nelson, Esq. * The rates here selected are those adopted by the English and Cambrian Office, and advertised in its distinctive features as low rates of premium, and professedly for the lower and tnidd* ing classes. In most offices, particularly the older ones, such as the Scottish Equitable and the Globe, these rates would be much higher. IR the former of 101. 7s. 6d., with 10 sh'llings per cent. entrance fee, would be the rate to insure 5001. at 20 years of age. In the latter 81. 13s 4d., to insure the same sum. The higher the rate the more in favour of the Dm= system. . t Money laid out at compound interest DOUBLES ITSELF every four teen years. On comparison of these two tables it will be seen that a person under the novel system of DEPOSIT assurance can secure the follow ing advantages, via., Ist. For a less sum, paid annually, be can assure a larger sum in case , of death than under the ordinary system. 2ndly. In the event of a desire to surrender his Policy he can receive in this Company, by the above example, which applies to all ages, Tams times as much as on the ordinary system. 3rdly. In the event of inability or omission to day, his policy remains still his property, of the same value as it was, though he cease his current payments for any number of years ; whereas on the ordinary system, he gets nothing. 4thly. Should he require to increase or decrease the amount of his policy he can do so at pleasure. Ile can, at any time, by giving a fohnight's notice, withdraw any part from 1/ up to the Whole amount of his previous payments and with interest. After he has withdrawn part one year he can, by a single payment, three years, or any time afterwards. raise his policy to a greater or even forme' amount ; and by this system he can at all times regulate his annual saN:ngs by his annual expenditure, with the facility in the bargain o fhav:ng a fluid to fly to in case of neeessitY, the same as in a bank, with this palpable advantage, however, that be gets inte rest fur his money, and in case of death his family receive more than the amount of his savings. In ordinary Life Offices he can do TO such Of 3g, but his policy at once lapses or is cancelled the moment he ceases to pay his current premiums, and, instead of having any thud to ily to for aid, all his hard-earned savings become forfeited to the society, and his misfortunes serve to benefit the pockets of his more fortunate co-assurers. Such a system is too equitable and too striking to be overlooked and nzromT assurance is the only system of assurance which can be Universally recognized and adopted when the principles are impar tially canvassed, and its palpable benefits become widely diffused. It confers greater advantages than a bank because it allows a fair rate of interest in case of withdrawal, and gives twice the amount in the hands of the Company to the representatives of the Depositor in case of death, thus combining the ADVANTAGES OF A BANK WITH THE BENEFITS OF AN ASSURANCE COMPANY. In case of endowment assurances the advantages of the =nom? System are still more striking. ADVANTAGES OF THIS COMPANY UNDER THE ORDINARY LIFE ASSURANCE BRANCH. To those who prefer this branch Policies are granted from 201. to 5,0001. on every known principle thereof. Lives in all but the worst stages of disease, and such as have been, rejected by other Offices, are taken at rates equivalent to the parti cular disease. Loans from 501. and upwards granted on every kind of security, real or personal, on the most equitable terms to the borrower Annuities of every description granted on very favourable terms. Non-forfbiture of a Policy —ln case of inability to pay the currant premiums, the Directors will either purchase the Policz at a fair market value, or give a new one in lieu thereof, less 5 per cent., inte rest corresponding in amount to the whole o: the previous paylents which have been made. Detailed prospectuses with tables in farther illustration of the De posit system, and any further information may be obtained on appli cation to the Agents in the country, or to CIIARLES W. BEVAN, Resident Secretary. N.B.—Agents wanted in all Darts of tho World. VRAMPTON'S PILL of HEALTH. The following tedlmonla, Is anoth er of this medicine : proof of the great efficacy " Winclamore Hill, Middlesex, April 16, 1851. " consideration of the great benefit I have derived from taking Frampton's Pill of Health, I feel it a duty that I owe to you and the public to send you the following statement. For upwards of nine years I have experienced the efficacy of this excellent medicine. I had long previously been afllicted with headache and indigestion, but a friend having induced me to make a trial of Frampton's Pills, I now inform you that a few doses gave me great relief; and during this long period of time I have taken them in pi eference to any other medicine ; and I have the happiness of saying that I never had a better state of health. which I attribute to Ftampton's Pills. I beg further to add, that this medicine is in general use by my family, and We know of nothing to equal it. " I am, Sir, yours respectfully, THOMAS PROVINCE. " To Mr. T. Front, 229, Strand, London. This excellent Family Pill is a. medicine ofdon efficacy for correcting all disorders of the stomach an bowels, and N a pleasant, safe, easy aperient ; they unite the recommendation of a mild operation with the most successful effect, and require no re straint of diet or confinement during their USE. Ask for FRAMPTON'S PILL OF HEALTH, and observe the name and address of " Thomas Prout, 229, Strand, London;!on the LioVernmeet &am». . - Prig* 13. 134 d. and 2s. 9d. per box. South ♦ustralian Copper Mining Company, 17, Gracechurch-street. ALWAYS PLEASING because EVER NEW. To every observer of E. MOSES and SON'S scale of business in London and the Country, it is plain that a New Stock may be produced every day. To some this might seem like exaggeration ; by others it might be regarded as a commercial embellishment ; but E MOSES and SON never employ fictitious allusions, for they are always prepared to prove every statement they make by the articles they present. The artistes in their employ are each in his depart- ment fully acquainted with every British introduction, and, aided by foreign communications on every change of style, thus are they daily producing novelties adapted to the season—such as insure grace and comfort, are there new styles of Overcoats, a' .d number less garments to wear as Coats or Overcoat as mar be desired these are articles the design and style of which arc exclusively theirs. A cursory inspection will afford the highest gratification ; and the neatness, comfort, and service secured by these ingenious contrivances will prove more than ever satisfactory ; but the prices of every description of Dress, Hosiery, Fars, &c., &e., &c., in conse quence of ve'y auspicious arrangements, and charged so low that imitation is an entire impossibility. Sporting, Dress, and Juvenile Attire, either ready made or to measure, excels any which can be had elsewhere, and is charged considerably less prices. EMIGRATION. There are many reasons wily Emigration will become increas ingly popular, and why all who intend to make Australia their fu ture residence, should immediately arrange for the selection of their Outfits, this being indispensable business fur all Emigrants ; and if transacted at E. MOSES and SON'S, is the highest advantage to every class of Emigrants, male or female—all the goods being ex pressly prepared for their use on their voyage and after their arrival and being such only as are absolutely required, prove a great saving of time and money to thou-ands anticipating a voyage to " The Land of Health and Wealth." E. MOSES and SON keep a separate Department for Outfl , ting, but it communicates with their immense Wholesale Store, and the several sections of their Massive Establish ment, comprising Clothing, Hosiery, Boot and Shoe Making, flatting, and other branches of business, where snperior quality and low charges give Emigrants advantages to be found at no other House in the universe. Ship-sailing information and full Lists of Outfits for Ladies and Gentlemen may be had on application, or post-free to any part of the Kingdom. CAUTION.—E. MOSES and SON regret having to guard the public against imposition, having learned that the untratiesman-like falsehood of " Being connected with 'heir Establishment," or " It's the same concern," has been resorted to in many instances, and for obvious reasons, they beg to state that they have No CONNEXION WITII ANY OTIIER HOUSE IN OR OUT OF LONDON, except their own Establishments, as follows : London City Establishment, 154, 155, 156, and 157, Minmies, 83, 84, 85, and 86, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating. London %Vest-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-street, 1,2, d 3, hart-street, all communicating. Bradford (Yorkshire) Branch, 19, Bridge-street. Sheffield Branch. 36, Far4ate. Merchant Tailors, Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and Shoe Makers, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen. IMPORTANT —Should any article not give satisfaction, it will be exchanged if desired, or, If preferred, the mercy will be returned without hesitation. All goods are marked in plain figures, the lowest price, from which no abatement can be made. The Establishments are closed from sunset Friday to sunset on Saturdays, when business is resumed till 12 o'clock. A new Book, entitled " The World's Pharos," containing the Emigrant's Assistant, full list of prices, and directions for self•mea surement, may be had on application, or post-free, to any part of the kingdom. A handsome Almanac for V•e year ending 1853 can be had gratis, on application. Ici l'on pale Franca's. Mier st richt man Deutsch. Qui si parla Aqua se habla Espanol IMPORTANT MEDICAL AND SURGICAL WORKS, Just published, by H. BalMere, 219, Regent-street, London. 2to I. Bvo., in cloth, price ss. by post free, ss. 6d., ON TRUE & FALSE SPERMATORRIREA, with the View o the Correction of wide-spread Errors in relation to the Treatmeat and Core of Sufferers from Debility of the C ener ati re System, wt Sexual llypoehondriasis. Translated from the German of Dr. PICKFORD "Dr. Nekton', 's known to English readers by his frequent practi- I al contributions to German medical literature. This is the first ime, he informs us, that he has addressed 'himself to the non-medi cal reader. We trust this may not be the last, if ho shall tetect any other equally flagrant eNil which it may be in his owes to correct."—London Medics! Gazette, May 30, 1851. " We cromised in a former number that we should recur to this wlrlc, in order to exhibit its aim more clearly. The author lashes with great severity the impostors who make a livelihood by preying on the credulity of the public. The tribe of Quiet Symathise:s,' and ' Medical Friends,' are mercilessly exposed ; and if this hook c uld find its way into the hands of those who suffer from th com plaint of which it treats, we arc satisfied that mmy hundreds would oe saved much needless suffer= of body and mind, and what is of less importance, though it is that which the quacks most prize— much money ......This volume is well qualified to put an end to the empirical system of treating Spermatorrhcea, and to place the treat ment upon a more rational and physiological basis. It is, therefore, likely to do much good."—Medical Circular, June 16, 1852. No. IL tivo., in cloth, price 35. 6d., by post free, 45., THE CURE OF STRICTURE OF THE URETHRA, on Princi ples at once Simple, Safe, and Efficient, in even its most Inveterate and apparently Intractable Forms. BY F. B. COURTENAY, Member of the Royal. College of Surgeons of England. "In proot of 1 , 5 views he (Mr. Courtenay) has given he history of a great many cues successfu'lv treated, as bad as any which Mr. Syme adduced, and on which he had operated. such are cases ix., ri., xii.. and No. sx. had res sted, for a period of twelve years, the treatment by t"litation, and was flnrlly teinoved in as many weeks. But cases xviii. rid mix. appear, both In duration, seventy, and complication of symptoms, of a more ag gravated character than any (lets:led by Mr. Syme, and yet tha treatment adopted by Mr. Courtenay proved eminently successful." -- Professor Lizrra on the Treatment of Stricture. [AR. CULVERwELL'S NEW WORKS. Al' To be bad of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row, Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street, Mann, 39, Cernhill. Price One Shilling each; by post, is Ga. ENJOYMENT OF LIFE. " Health, Recreation, and Rational Use of Time." CONTENTS:--Early Rising—Spring and Summer Mornings—Ex cursions about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lanes, Hills, Forests, Fields, High-roads, and other plearant places - - Country Trips and Rambles—The Sea -London at Night—Evenings at Home Music—The Drama—On Eating, Drinking, tleeping, Bathing, Air, Rest, Ease, Occupation, &c., &c. IT FRAGMENTS mom TILE . FOUNTAINS. Two Yols. VISIT 10 THE LAKES;SKETCH OF EDINBURGH, &c. Vail. THE LAKES OF KILLARNEY ; REMINISCENCES OF DUBLIN, &c. WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID, That three score years and ten our course may run." A popular review of almost every form (cause and cure) of ner vously-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution that harasses tlbesets the man of pleasur e , b us i ness or study, and em b:e young,ttcrsol d age ; with tables and rulesfor the diet and physical regu. lation of eves j-day life. IT. THE PASSIO/c4. What passions hurt the body—what improve, Truths as refined as Athens ever heard." S UBJECT :—Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The ad vent of the missions. Chastity and its infringement. The casualties oflicentionsness and eisslpation, with illustrations, graphic, mama. tive, and remediative. Advocacy of early marriages. THE MARRIA.GE STATE. To be or not to be. that's the question." PROGRAM= :—Laws and obligations of nature, society, and reli gion regarding marriage, to be observed either sex. Time and choice, on both sides, as to age temp , rament, complexion, and figure, to secure healthy offspring, with the art of rearing them. Physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion. Cases, &c. By lt .J. CULVERWELL, M.D. (1841), M.It.C.S. (1827); L.R.A. (1824), Twenty-flue years Medical and Forensic Referee in these matte's. Price ls. each ;, by,post, 18..64 To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Varvalbo, 147, Fleet-street; Mann, 39, Cornhill; or of M. R. Culverwell, 10, Argyll-plaee, Regent street, who may be consulteo cbtilT from Ten till Five, and Seven till Nine. A general meeting of delegates of the working classes of the metropolis took place, last evening, at St. Mar tin's-hall, " as an organised demonstration of the feelings and opinions of the labouring population of the metro polis in favour of the opening of the Crystal Palace on Sundays." It was stated that delegates had been elected from every branch of labour, representing the sentiments of 92,500 working men. About 100 delegates occupied the platform, and the body of the hall and spacious gal lery were densely crowded with the general public, chiefly members of the working classes. • Mr. HENRY MAYHEW was called on to preside amidst loud cheering. He said the meeting was a remarkable one, from the numbers present, nearly double the inhabit ants of some German principalities ; it was still more remarkable from its representative 'character, the whole of the London trades haying been polled, and the dele gates represented about 100,000 of their fellow-workmen. (Cheers.) It was one of the most righteous meetings ever held. (Cheers.) Their object was not to encourage Sunday labour or to abridge the poor man's rest, but to ensure to him the means of rational rest and improve ment. (Hear, hear.) The Puritans,--w0u.14 ,have them believe that this was to commit a national sin. Was it national righteousness to keep the people bfutally ignorant and deny them any pleasures more intellec tual than gin and tobacco ? A country which d'd this could be neither nationally righteous nor nation ally wise. The question was, Was there to be any medium attraction on the Lord's-day between religious exercises and debasing sensuality ? It had been proved to be impossible to make the people religious by Act of Parliament ; multitudes would not go to church ; and it was at least desirable to wean the minds of such, by intellectual pursuits, from gross and debasing pleasures. (Cheers.) Some urged that there was a divine command for the Sabbath to be kept strictly, and to this consideration they first addressed themselves. They did not reject the authority of a divine command, but merely claimed the common Protestant right of in terpreting the injunctions of Scripture according to their consciences. (Cheers.) The theological objection being the main one in this case, they could not overlook it, unless at the risk of being charged with playing Hamlet, and omitting the chief part. (Hear, hear.) Christians, be it remembered, observed their Sabbath, not on the seventh day, as commemorative of the rest of the Al mighty after the work of creation, but on the first day of the week, as commemorative of the resurrection of Christ. The one•was a Jewish, the other a Christian, observance. Without quibbling, it was impossible to deny that the Old Testament command referred to Satur day. (Hear, hear.) What authority, then, was there for the present Sabbath law ? It was admitted that the Saviour enunciated no such law ; the Sabbath of which he spoke was the Jewish Sabbath of Saturday. Nor did the Apostles lay down any such injunction; and there was no evidence that they ever regarded any other than their Jewish Sabbath, the observance of which was 'be lieved to be obligatory on all Jews and Christians till the destruction of Jerusalem. Some relied on the pas sages which spoke of the disciples coming together " on the first day of the week." But this merely showed that the early Christians were accustomed to meet on that clay, not in compliance with any direct command. There was no injunction to abstain from labour or worldly enjoyment on that day. So far from this, the observance of the day was evidently regarded as one of the " weak and beggarly elements" of Judaism. During the Ist and 2d centuries of Christianity, it appeared from a letter of Pliny, jun., that the Christians were accustomed to meet for prayer on a certain day of the week ; but there was no mention of abstaining from labour or worldly occupa tion on that day. The same appeared from the writings of Justin the Martyr and others. As early as Tertul lian's time Sunday was observed as a day of Christian rejoicing, the Christians indulging in mirth and festivity. (Hear, hear.) A decree of the council of Gangres, in Paphlagonia, A.D. 357, anathematised those who passed the Sunday in bodily mortification ; and an edict of Con stantine, while exhorting to a general rest from labour, made an exception in favour of agricultural labou rers . Beza declared that the practice of a total abstinence from labour on Sunday, though brought in by Constantine with good intent, was to be condemned, as not abolish ing Judaism, but merely shifting it to another day. The early reformers held similar opinions. Cranmer, in his Catechism of 1588, claimed for Christians full liberty to select their own day for religious observances and rest from labour. Melancthon declared that the non-obser vance of such day ought not to be regarded as sin. Calvin proposed to transfer the observance from Sunday to Thursday, as a proper exercise of Christian liberty, at the same time denying any obligation to observe one day in seven. It was a tradition that when John Knox visited Calvin on the Sunday, he found his austere coad jutor bowling on the bowling-green, and it was custom ary with the bishops and clergy to recreate themselves in this way after divine service. (Cheers and laugh ter.) The notion of a strict rest on the Sunday being obligatory on Christians was first promul gated by Dr. Bonn, in 1594 ; it was opposed by many divines, but was warmly espoused by the Puritans. The dogma found its way into the " Westminster Cate chism," and had thus come down to our day. Paley, in his " Moral and Political Philosophy," admitted that there was no injunction by Christ or his Apostles for an abstinence from labour on the Sunday, but that it was merely an ordinance of human institution. (Hear.) Some might say that, even if this were so, the fact should be withheld from the people, lest it should lead to a general desecration of the Sabbath. This would be one of the pious frauds for which bigots were so notori ous. (Cheers.) If the strict observance of the day were an idol of the conventicle, the sooner it was overthrown, and the institution placed on its right footing (the im provement of the body and mind of the labourer), the better. (Cheers.) The observance should rest on the necessity of our physical nature for a certain portion of relaxation, and to those eternal principles of justice, which were at least as obligatory as Revelation. (Hear.) The social grounds for the observance of the day he should postpone till next Wednesday, to which time this meeting would be adjourned. He would conclude by reading the declaration of the working men which had been drawn up and signed. It was as follows : "1. That the working men wish it to be understand that they are in no way desirous of questioning the autho rity of the decrees upon which the institution of the Sab bath in this country is founded, but merely assert for themselves the right to interpret those decrees as their conscience dictates.-2. That the mode of observing the, Sunday among the early Christians proves incontes tibly that the present Sabbath is a social rather than a divine institution.-3. That the Sabbath, whether viewed as a divine or a 'social institution, is designed especially for the benefit of the labourer.-4. That while the working classes are desirous of obtaining such a relaxation of the present rigorous mode of observing the Sabbath as will bring it back to its true uses—the re creation and refreshing of the labourer—they are likewise especially anxious to guard the day of rest against any other encroachment than what is absolutely necessary, and at the same time to procure for their fellow-workmen who may be engaged in ministering to their necessities on the Sunday some other day of rest in the week, so that the boon of the Sabbath may be equally extended to all.-5. That the working classes, moreover, desire no infringement of the day of rest, but such as is absolutely required for their physical and intellectual necessities.-6. That physi cal recreation is as necessary to the working man as food and drink is to him on the Sabbath.-7. That refined and intellectual enjoyment, as well as the means of obtaining information, are even more necessary to the working man than physical recreation onthe Sabbath ; and that if these necessities be denied him on the present day of rest, then two Sabbaths must be appointed in the week, one day to be observed as a day of mere repose, and the other as a day for the recreation of the mental and bodily energies of the labourer." Mr. PRIDEAUX, a delegate from the cabinet-makers, moved the adoption of the declaration. He said this was neither more nor less than a battle with priests and creedmongers. (Cheers.) It was as though only priests and publicans were God's ministers on that day. (Cheers.) They could not regret that Belgravia had turned up its nose at the Crystal Palace, and compelled it to find a better site, where it was less tainted by the proximity of aristocracy. (Cheers.) Immediately the new site was determined on, the bigots had ransacked the " Clergy List" to get up an opposition to it ; but they might as well seek to stop the waves of the Atlantic as to roll back the tide of intelligence. (Cheers.) The declara tion contained no infraction of any individual right ' • it left every one free to act according to the dictates of his conscience. Mr. W. NEwroN seconded the resolution with great p a le g as ue u ns r tt e eio , lln a ec n ot d fu said lie subscribed to every one of the prin ciples embodied paasrtolcrioineafclttrhhienaeettedgiroeuenceslstawtraicaonrtndein,obae. and de necessaryl Ifir benefit . Both ga would rßfdoorti tthhaesavoidppe purely rp t el h ley e theological physical.; and i their life was not to be one round of brute toil and re. those who worked every Pose. Not w hoenelrysrs. Sunday was bat it would be ob themselves or derive m el ent d a aa l yy i ob tained. forl i)rc thee improvement. twelveonly o. dlr hours yll. could, on s n w ro b et ley closing the Crystal Palace that pmaple could be forced to attend church. (Hear.) If they were debarred from higher recreations they would seek those of a more de basing character. He agreed with Dr. Cumming that Mr. READ (the bakers' delegate) said that no class more needed healthful recreation than the trade he represented. They had hitherto been denied:this needful rest, by the clergy amongst others ; for the Bishop of London said that by one baker staying at home twenty persons were allowed to go to church— (hear, hear)—the bakers of the metropolis worked from 16 to 21 hours a day, with short and irregular intervals for rest, and some at the east end actually worked 144 hours in the week. It was most important to this body of men that some additional means of relaxation should be afforded them. (Hear, hear.) Dr. Cumming admitted that not more than a dozen bakers, though a large number of them were Scotchmen, attended his church. (Hear, hear.) The resolution was then put and carried, with not more than seven dissentients. , LOud cheering followed the announcement of the result. The Rev. J. T. BAYLEE, secretary of the Lord's-day Observance Society, who announced himself as a work ing clergyman, expressed his wish to speak. The CHAIRMAN said the meeting was confined to work ing men and their representatives, but he was willing to waivo the rule in favour of the rev, gentleman. (Cheers.) Mr. BAYLEE said lie claimed the privilege, of an Eng lishman to correct some misrepresentations had been made. The chairman's argument had gone to prove that the Sabbath was designed both for the recreation of the working man and for his labour. ("No, no," and in terruption.) He was an advocate for every man enjoy ing the Sabbath according to his conscience, but let him do nothing to interfere with another's enjoy.nent of the same. (Cheers, and cries of " The, bishops.") He for one never employed his fellow-men on the Sabbath. (Hear, hear, and cites of "Time.") The meeting be coming impatient and somewhat clamorous, the rev. gentleman exclaimed, "Ah ! you're afraid ; you dare not listen to argument or to the truth." (Great uproar, amidst which the rev. gentleman retired.) Mr. NEWTON announced that the meeting would be adjourned at its close till Wednesday next. Mr. WEBSTER proposed a vote of thanks to the chair man, which was seconded, and unanimously agreed to. , COLLISION ONtTHE MI DLAND RAILWAY.—.a. collision, causing considerable destruction of property, but hap pily unattended with loss of life, occurred on Tuesday morning on the Midland Railway, about three miles north of Leicester. Close by the side of that part of the line where the collision took place is a ballast-hole, and shortly before nine o'clock a ballast train was leav ing this hole, and entering upon the down line of rails upon the main line. The engine only had got upon the main line, when a luggage train, which had left Leices ter for Derby and the north of England about a quarter before nine, ran against it; and turned it completely over. The engine of the luggage trained was turned upside down, and several of the goods vans were shat tered to pieces, scattering their varied contents in, heaps on the up line. The driver and stoker of the ballast train, strange to say, escaped uninjured, but those of the lug gage train were not so fortunate. They were at first thought to be very seriously hurt, and were removed to the Infirmary at Leicester as speedily as pos sible. On examination it was found that no bones were broken, and their injuries were principally bruises of the legs and hips. After recovering from the shock they were able to be removed to their homes at Derby, whither they were sent by the mail' train in the afternoon. One of the engines, or a goods van, appears to have been vio lently thrown against a tel egrap h ic post, and all the w i res were broken, putting a s t op to telegraphic communica tion for some hours. At the time of the accident there was a dense fog, so that it was impossible to see any object more than twenty yards off. It seems that the men with the ballast train had turned on the signal, wlich is situated about 600 yards up the line towards Leicester, but the goods train had either passed the sig nal before it was turned or had not seen it. It is thought that they had passed it before it was "on." A considera ble body o 7 workmen wee soon taken to the spot by the heads of the various epartrnents at Leicester, and arrangements were made for meeting each passenger train with empty carriag , The passengers, by walk ing over that part of the line which was ren d ere d im passable for the regular t c , were thus enabled to pur sue their journies with El le delay. We believe that no r t train was delayed more tiatm an hour, and by half-past two o clock the up line wa l clea r , The down line would not be passable for 13011164 hours l a t er. The damage to 'l the goods is not so great is it was at first thought to be. A piano and two bagatelle-boards were smashed, and a quantity of coffee was spilt. Th e other goods scattered upon the line did not app ar much injured ( ured, but the ex tent of the damage canno be ascertained until the pack ages are opened. The f c on ti nued to be very dense lin the locality where the olli s i on took place throughout the day ; even when the sun was shining brightly (about noon), two miles off' it war impossible to see more than 40 or 50 yards. ESSENTIAL OIL OF AnioNntii.--On Tuesday night Mr. W. Payne, the coroner, 'held an inquest at the Crown Tavern, Blackfriar's-road, on the body of Mary John son, aged 45, who lived with Christian Poland, for 25 years. as his wife. On S a t urday last, she sat pro prietor of billiard-rooms` at No, 97, Blackfriar's-road, down at a side-table in i the billi ar d -room and said to Mr. Poland, " I have dne it." After that he saw her with a phial in her hand. As soon as she bad said this bottle in hi s h an d. Wh en and she fell her,ss h h she e got t t viin u ngt p oa a tth n e d thp w ias e st n sima t ge i e n lth t h o eor tlie passag e . H e f o ll owe d legs gave way, on the floor. Being in alarm, h e ran to a surgeon ' s. The oil of almonds was n the hou se ; i t was b oug h t f or a sister to be used in Cookery ; b ut by some means it was neglected to be used. It bad been in the house for six months. The bottle was labelled "Essence of bitter almonds, for the purpo4e of flavouring custards, blanc mange, or any kind of confectionary, avoiding the trouble of pounding Cut almonds, and is less expensive. In using this article t palate w ill b e t h e b est gu id e , &c.—Lowe and Ho blower, 57, Blackfriar's-road." She lived for about 20 inutes a ft er W . B . E vans was called in. The surgeon said he h a d hi mself adm i n i stere d i n ammonia to her. On the Saturday morning she, had been to,his shop for a s all quantity of laudanum, and rout from the odour arising ro a teacup f oun d, it a pp ear ed th a t she had poured he laudanu m among th e oi l of a lmonds. The jury returned a verdict of " Temporary iiiw iity." Th e fore an, en the ' ierdict of the jury, ti being 'recorded, said ' h had been reques t e d by hi s bro ther jurymen to expres their disapp ro b a ti on of th e wa y rri l in which such bottles as these;were- sold. • 'There :Vvas nothing on the label to indicate that it was poicon, and this indiscriminate sale,of it they considered to be highly improper, 1 (From the Times.) The readers of Scott's novels will easily remem ber the catastrophe created when Richie Moniplies, in conveying to King James I. an important me morial from his master, Lord Glenvarloch, took occasion to insert between the pages a " bit siffii cation of his own" respecting a small account for butcher's meat long overdue from the Royal house hold. The like experiment, nevertheless, has been recently attempted by no less a personage than Mr. Richard Cobden, who, in his elaborate exposition of the relations of Great Britain and France, has adroitly contrived to insinuate three of his own private charges against the institutions of his native country. That the hon. member dislikes our aris tocracy, and has a grudge against our church,,is pretty well understood ; but the artifice by which these particular grievances were introduced in a discussion upon French policy must have taken most people by surprise. Speaking of the abso lutism ascribed to the Emperor of the French, Mr. Cobden observes, in mitigation, that there are three things which even his supreme and irresponsible power could never accomplish, and that these things nevertheless " are all in full force in Eng land." The institutions thus dexterously stig matised are the Established Church, the Peerage, with its custom of primogeniture, and the exemp tion of real property from probate duty ; so that three particular objects of Mr. Cobden's clis . cavour are insensibly put before the reader in pp,ssuig as abuses of a nature in reality so detesta .1. that the roost absolute despot in foreign coun X' s might vainly endeavour to establish them. We dpe this most ingenious piece of tact will not be 16st on" a discerning public. With res i )ec:; to the points at issue; we do not venture to borrow Mr. Cobden's confidence in pre dieting so circumstantially what Napoleon 111. can or cannot accomplish ; but this much we can tell , him, thrt Napoleon I. did undoubtedly attempt one of these very objects; that his attempts were suggested by the notorious desires of the country, and that, in despite of democratic repugnance, they were materially successful.' The law of primogeni ture as Mr. Cobden correctly observes, was de molished by the French revolutionists for the pur pose of perpetuating social equality, and these legis lators did their wo:k with their usual zeal ; but the operation of their ordinances was found to involve such " insupportable tyranny"—we use the very phrase of French writers—that wilen Napoleon first succeeded to consular power, after the fall of the Directory, the removal of this grievance was forced upon his notice as a popular demand admitting of no delay. So intolerable, in fact, was the nuisance of the republican edict, that it was resolved not to wait even for the systematic remedies of the New Civil Code, and in the year 1800 an enactment was hastily passed restoring to all testators a partial, and to some an entire, right of disposing of their own property as pleased them best. English readers, perhaps, may be fortunately un conscious of what this matter really means. They may think that primogeniture, or, in other words, the settlement of a whole paternal estate on the eldest son, to the prejudice of the others, is rather unfair, and productive sometimes of cum brous and overgrown properties. Mr. Cobden, that his doctrines may not lack the farce of an example, takes occasion to speak of a certain " walled park " close by his own residence, " ten miles in circumference," implying, that such a possession is out of all reason for a single man. NOI7, we will not enter into the question of the relative productiveness of unbroken or subdivided estates, a Tiestion on whichpolitical economists have expended a vast amount of argument, but we will just explain, for popular comprehension, what have been the measures devised for the suppresion of the custom described. To abolish primogeniture it is not enough to say that an estate shall not ne cessarily go to the eldest son—that our law says already. So instinctive and common is the desire in the creator or possessor of a property to keep this property and the family together by perpetu ating some single representative of himself, that it can only be counteracted by imposing upon all men alike those testamentary disabilities with which in tyrannical times, our laws have occasionally visited certain proscribed or suspected classes. The abolition of primogeniture, in the "social equality" sense, means that no man shall have the power of making a will, but that the Legislature shall make it for him. To preclude the vision of inherited estates, so abominable in democratic eyes, the French revolutionists enacted, that any man hav ing children might dispose by will of one-tenth of his whole possessions, but no more, the rest being distributed according to their dictation, while, even if there were no children to inherit at all, a frac tion of one-sixth of his property was all that the la .v permitted a testator to consider his own. The consequences were easy to foresee. " Primogeni ture" was abolished, but at the cost of annoyance and disorganisation in half the families of the land. No man could regulate or control the behaviour of his children by his testamentary dispositions ; every child knew that, whether dutiful. or unduti ful, wise or foolish, thrifty or good for nothing, he was safe to inherit a certain portion, nei ther greater nor less, of his paternal estate. No man in his age or sickness could promise a recompense to those who attended him, or be queath a legacy to those whose deserts he had practically ascertained. Possibly ho might have no kin but cousins or nephews, whom he had never seen. This, however, signified nothing. The law stepped in, claimed the distribution of five-sixths of his property, and left him nothing but the remain ing fraction at his own disposal. So hateful had this tyranny become when Napoleon stepped into power, that he modified •it instantly by restoring rights over one-fourth instead of one-tenth of their possessions to all men ; over one-half to those with out children, and over the whole to those without fitting heirs. The proposal excited the vehement opposition of the democratic party ; but so detest able had been the law, that it was carried by an immense majority amid the ,applause and congratu lations of the whole country. If it could be said that our custom of primogeni ture resulted in a species of social mortmain, so that half the land of the kingdom was locked up from the reach of purchasers, the case for reform would be substantial ; but that nothing like this is the truth Mr. Cobden must be well aware. He himself has eagerly made it known that any work ing man, from his moderate savings, may become a county voter and a proprietor ; and, in fact, the very foundation of the Freehold Land Societies was the facility offered for advantageous purchases by the constant occurrence of large land sales. Within these five or six years wo have seen some of our noblest houses stripped, not only of their estates, but of their heirlooms and personalities, down to the very crockery of the mansion. There is never at any time a difficulty in converting money into land, though there may often be both difficulty and loss in turning land into money. Mr. Cobden harps on the exemption of real propel ;•,y from probate duty ; but how does such propel ty fare at any other transfer ? What does the transfer of 1,000 acres cost, contrasted AN ith the transfer of 50,0001. Consols ? Of lat a times, indeed, we have heard considerably more of the burdens of land than of its privileges ; and, though the outcry perhaps had no great foundation, it was certainly not fair to bring forward a single privilege without a word of the compensations on the other side, This, however, may be matter of adjustment, though it savours of absurdity to quote it as an abomination beyond the power of a despot to in troduce ; but with regard to the institutions which Mr. Cobden, in his horror of aristocracy, would fain see substituted for our customs, we can use his own illustration in assuring him of a most in contestable truth. No species of tyranny what ever, whether exercised by a single autocrat or a democratic club, would ever be successful in de priving Englishmen of the right of testamentary . disposition. Our laws look with very proper jeal ousy on all arrangements tending to lock up estates, and favour all expedients for cutting off entails, or t otherwise releasing encumbered proprietors ; to go beyond this, and to limit every man's title in his own property to a simple life-interest, would t be an act of oppression infinitely more odious _ 4 the existence of even 10,000 noblemen with park ten miles round. (Prom t 1 Morning Post.) Cobden, Bright, and Wilson are names which would lend a modern application to an old couplet without spoiling its metre : " Then Howard, Home, and Douglas rose The kindling discord to compose. Of Mr. Cobden and his peace treatise, we have already said enough to show the prodigious igno rance of history which has encouraged him to be come an historical lecturer, and the mis-stated facts and erroneous assamPtioni on which he builds rlasonings, more unsound, if possible, than the basis of them is illusory. ' Men have argued. coi rectly on false data, and incorrectly on true. Either of these defects would render their counsels &an t gerous, and their teaching worthless. Both these We fear that but very little cheer can be ration ally derived from the example cited. The cases are anything but parallel. Duelling, though an ancient abuse, was not primaeval. War unfortunately is. Men may reasonably hope for the termination of that of which, as a general practice, they have seen m the midst of history the beg;nning. Thousands of years existed without duelling. War is as old as society itself. But independently of that reasoning, which is superior or exterior to the passions, and against which they eternally rebel and. intermittently prevail, there is a logic of the passions themselves ; and this logic duelling did not satisfy. War does. In that court where revenge, or cupidity, or ambition sits on the bench, war urges pleas more valid than duelling could prefer. A man wrongs you—therefore he must shoot you. He has treated you as he would not have had you treat him—that is, unequally ; there fore, you must furnish him with the strictest equa lity of terms in a mortal combat, intended as a re tributive measure. In the end, the passions themselves would reject such logic. They will never reject the logic of war. Such a province is rich—we think we can take it— we will try. Such a nation has insulted or wronged us, we can avenge ourselves—we will. In all this, be it remembered, we argue on the supposition that war is always unjust. There may be a just war on one side of the quarrel. While wickedness exists anywhere upon the earth, the good may be forced to defend themselves, to protect their possessions from rapine, their families from desecration and mur der. In the comity of individuals there is a higher earthly power, that of the State, which discoun tenanced duelling. No similar supreme authority exists in the comity of nations actively repressing war. No'one ever denied that war is an enormous evil ; but to be unprovided with the means of re sisting an attack is to invite attack. To be pre pared for it is not the worst method of preventing it. A sufficient 'national armament has a direct tendency towards the prolongation of peace. The real question is not about the evils, but about the possibility, of war. So long as it is possible, the worse evil it is, the better and the stronger is the reason for establishing defences. If anything can avert the visitation they will avert it ; and, if it must come, then are they necessary indeed. THE WAR IN MONTENEGRO. (From the Times.) Whatever may be the exact and immediate cause of the renewal of hostilities between the Turks and the people of Montenegro, it is certain that the wa has commenced with all the accustomed ferocity of these contests, and on a scale of very unusual mag nitude. When Sir Gardner Wilkinson visited this curious and unexplored region of Europe, in 1844, he exerted himself to induce the Vizier of the Her zego wine and the Vladika of Montenegro to carry on their feuds with some some regard to the laws of civilised warfare, and to desist by mutual con sent from the abominable practice of decorating the spikes on the gateways of Mostar and Tzetinie with the heads of their respective prisoners. But the failure of this humane negotiation demonstrated the irreconcileable hostility of the two races, and every page of Sir Gardner Wilkinson's valuable work on Dalmatia and Montenegro (which is the only book of authority we possess on the subject) shows with what intensity the ancient hatred of the mar tial tribes upon the Dalmatian coast still burns against their Turkish neighbours and o ppres- I sors. For upwards of ten years Osman Pasha, I the present Pasha of Scutari, who is himself a Mohammedan Bosniak of Slavonian origin, has carried on a petty warfare with the Montenegrin chiefs, alternately attacking them and expell ing them from the islands in the lake to which they resorted to fish, or cajoling their dependents by presents and promises of p ro tection. To re venge these acts of ill-will the Montenegrin Prince Daniel made a foray in November last on the small Turkish fort of Zsabliak, and took it , as it was only defended by 2 7 soldiers. It is, indeed, difficult to suppose that this incident coul have sufficed to induce the Porte to equip a considerable army and a squadron of vessels o f war, or that Osman Pasha has credit at Constant i nople to cause himself to be placed at the head of so important an expedition. It would seem, however, that the present Turkish Government is resolved to take every opportunity of proving its utter i ndlfference to the public opin ion and the policy of f . European States, and that it has seized with avidity the first opportunity that las occurred to carry fire and sword into the val - - - He ys of an independent Christian tribe. The Vladika of Montenegro told Sir Gardner Wilkinson, on the occasion to ;hidh we have referred, that he no 6 be certain the true sentiments of the Turks of the present day are the same as they were in the time of Osman or of Bajazet, but that they contrive to deceive the diplomatist s o f E uro p e by p r ofessions of civilisation, just enough to induce us to overlook their monstrous inhumanities. The consequence, of course, is that hostiliti es are carried onwiththe same ferocity on both sides, and we learn that the Mon tenegrins, having been successful in a nocturnal surprise of a Turkish camp, brought back with them 317 Turks' heads as the first trophies of the campaign. This wanton carnage is actually going on without any adequate provocation, or, indeed, any definite object. The first attack made on Montenegro by the Vizier of Antivari, along the tongue of land which lies between the lake of Scutari and the sea coast, has failed. The advance of a second column under Osman Pasha by the valley of the Moratska, has'not been more e success ful. In the north, the village and s e district of Gra hovo have been' sicked' and destroye, but the Woivode is believed to have escaped to the Austrian di territory.- On both sides g reat exertions have been made to excite the popula tion of the adjacent pro- SUSPECTED MURDER AT RATCLIP.f. Yesterday morning, about half-past one o'clock, as police-constable 300 K, was going his rounds in Glass house street; Ratcliff, he stumbled over the apparently lifeless body of a man lying in the roadway, under the windows of the Newcastle and Sunderland Arms beer shop, at the corner of Broad-street and Glasshouse-street. The man had only his shirt, drawers, and stockings on ;- there was blood oozing from one of his ears, and from the position in which the man was found the policeman was at once led to believe that he had either fallen or been thrown from the upper floor of the beer-house. The policeman immediately knocked at the door, and some of the inmates, who had not gone to bed, answered him, and the mutilated and wounded man was at once identified to be Captain Edward Pennington, the master of the ship Pallas, trading between the north and London, an old frequenter of the house, who was there on Tuesday evening, and went to bed in a room on the second floor, the window of which overlooks Glasshouse-street, at 11 o'clock the same night. Mr. Carson, a medical gentleman in Broad-street, and others of the faculty, were immediately sent for, and did every thing in their power to restore the unfortunate man, but he was beyond the reach of human skill, and he expired in about six hours afterwards. Bayliss, the landlord of the beer-house, and his wife, said their opinion was that the deceased had thrown himself from his bedroom into the street. Very strong suspicions, however, are entertained that Captain Pennington has come by his death by unfair means, and that he was thrown into the street by some of the inmates. From a minute examination of the at premises dsummoning ma de officer Mr. e rto . Pmb t h e ee 0 1 e r , b o ne e r ad , it of Ra tcliffappears t the window of the bedroom was raised to a height of one foot and nine inches, when Captain Pennington was found in the street. There are marks of a person's hands on the window sill, or stone, as if ho had tena ciously clung to it for life as long as he was able ; and there are also marks on the brick-work beneath. The deceased, in his fall, struck the first floor immediately under the window of his bedroom, and diglodged two panes of glass. The frame of the window is also broken. There can be no question that the deceased fell in a per pendicular direction, and that he made a desperate effort to save himself. His body was found close to the side ;wall of the house. If he had flung himself from the win dow of his bedroom Ins body would have been in the middle of the street. It appears that the house in ques tion is frequented by thieves and prostitutes. Many robberies have been committed there, and some of them have been of a very serious nature. The upper part is registered as a common lodging-house, and there were several women of the town, visitors, and others staying there on Tuesday night. A few of them slept on the same floor as the deceased. The affair has caused a great sensation in Ratcliff and its vicinity. Very recently Captain Peter Gray was hocussed and robbed in Gar den's-court, in the same vicinity, and, on a post =Kent examination, opium in sufficient quantity to destroy life was found in the stomach. DISCHARGE OF MRS. THERESA SLOANE FROM NEW GATE.—Yesterday morning Mrs. Sloane was discharged from the gaol of Newgate, having completed the term of imprisonment to which she was sentenced. It will be recollected that, at the February session of 1851, at this court, she and her husband, George Frederick Sloane, the special pleader, pleaded " Guilty" to a series of most revolting cruelties to their servant girl, Jane Wilbred, and were sentenced to two years' imprisonment in New gate. In autumn last, being fast sinking, he received a pardon, and was removed from gaol to a lodging close by, where he only lived a fortnight. The miserable end of her partner in cruelty does not seem to have much affected her, for her health has been good, and she seemed in good spirits upon quitting the gaol, only look ing somewhat pale from long confiement. She does not seem to have any friends, for, excepting Miss Devaux, who is stated to be a daughter by a previous marriage, not any one has called at the gaol to see her. DEATH OF LADY MUNCASTER.—Her ladyship, who died on Saturday, in Connaught-place West, was youngest daughter of the late Sir John Ramsden, Bart., of Byram-hall, Yorkshire, and aunt to the present baronet. Her ladyship survived th e late Lord Mun caster, who died in 1838, by whom she has left issue the present Peer, born in 1831, and other children. STEAM COMMUNICATION BETWEEN LIVERPOOL AND THE AMERICAN CONTINENT. —Yesterday a fternoon, about one o'clock, the splendid screw steam-ship City of Man chester, Captain Leitch, sailed from the Mersey with passengers and a valuable cargo of merchandise for Philadelphia. She belongs to the en t e rprising firm er of Messrs. Richardson, Bro thers, pool. T o wer-bungs, Liv 1 About half-past on e o'clock, the same afternoon, sailed the magnificent new screw steamship ship theersey on her Alps, m lately built for the Cunard C om p an y , first voyage, under the command of Captain Wickman, for New York and Chagres, with a very large cargo merchandise on board. SHOCKING DEATH. —Some men employed at a soap boiler's, in the Rue Rigord, at Marseilles, perceived a few days back some bones and afterwards some female attire ascend to the surface, as they stirred up the boil ing matter. The clothes were at once recognised to have been seen on the sister of the foreman, who had disap peared since the morning. Notice was given to the com missary of police, who had the boiler cleared ou;, and the rest of the remains of the deceased collected for burial. The flesh had completely disappeared, having been boiled down by the action of the heat, with,the exception of the liver, which still remained entire. The bones bad been in some degree eaten into by the boiling matter and the alkali. It is supposed that the deceased had thrown herself into the boiler in the morning early, , during the absence of the workinen,—aaignani.