The Sun. — London, England, 1804-01-20 00:00:00

LIE obje& of this resolution is to enable the Executive to commence with more effect, a, negotit_ tion with the French and Spanish Governments, re. lative to' the purchase from them, of the island of New Orleans, and East and West Florida. This objeta is declared highly important, and has re ceived the attentive 'consideration of the Commit _ The free and unmolested navigation of the river Mississippi, is a point to which the general attention of the Government has been diteeled, ever since the Peace of 1783, by which our independence as a nation was finally acktio-wledged. The im mense tract of country, owned by the United States, which lies immediately on the Mississippi, or com, municates with it by means of large navigable rivers rising within our boundaries, renders its free navigation an object, not only of inestimable ad vantage, but of the very first necessity. The Mis sissippi forms the western b6undary of the United States from its source to the 3 Ist degree of north latitude, and empties itself into the gulph of Mexico, about the 29th degree of north latitude. It fur. niches the only outlet through which the produce of the Indian territory, of the States of Ohio, Ken tucky and Tennessee, and of the western parts of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and a portion of the Mississippi territory, cat be transported to a foreign marker, or to the ports of the Atlantic States. From the a ist deg. of north latitude, which is the southern boundary of the United States, to the mouth of the river, the territory on each side has heretofore been in possession of the Spanish Government; the Pro vince. of Louisiana lying on the west, and those of East Florida, with the island of New Orleans, to the east. Although the United States have insisted on an uncontroulable right to pass up and down the river,. from its source to the sea, yet this right, if admitted in it's 'Most ample latittide, will not secure to 'them the full advantages of navigation. The strength and rapidity of the current of the Missis sippi, are known to render its ascent so extremely difficult, that but a few vessels cf butthen have at tempted to go as far as our boundary. This cir curnstarce obliges the citizens of the western coup. try to carry their produce down the river in boats, from which it is put on board of ships capable of sustaining a sea voyage. It follows, therefore, that to enjoy the lull bene. fits of navigation, some place should be fixed, which Sea vessels can approach, without great inconveni ence, where the American produce may be deposited until it is again shipped when cat tied abroad. This great point was secured to us in the year 1795, by the Spanish Government, who agreed, in the Treaty Of San Lorenzo de Real, the Americans should have the right of deposit at. New Orleans. This.right has beets used front that time, tilt a laic peri o all; e:aat the condu& of the intendani at that place shews how liable the advan:tageons navigation of the river is to interruption, and strongly points out the impolicy of relying on a foreign nation for benefits which our citizens have a right to e xpeEt shoOld be secured to them by their own Government. It is hoped that the port of New Orleans may again be opened befor e h any material injuriesbut should this arise ;ae th e case,- or if, as the 'Treaty provides, a new place'l' o f deposit should be assigned, the late occurrence sheve s the uncertainty of its continuance. Experience proves that the caprice or the interested views of a _single officer may perpetually subjea us to the alter_ native of submitting to injury, or of resorting ' to War. The late violation of our Treaty with Spain ne_ 'cessatily leads to the inquiry, how fdr the Westin Country may be , affefted in other points, not tia / a e neded with New Orleans. The Mississippi Terri. tory extends from tite confines of Georgia to the River Mississippi, and tram the 31st to the 3 5t h degree of north latitude. It is estimated to con. rain more thin fifty millions of acres, and from its numerous advantages, must one day or other possess an immense population. The variety, richness, and abundance of its produdions, hold out to Settlers the - strongest inducements to resort thither, anti the United States• may safely calculate on drawing a considerable Revenue from the Sale of Lands in this, as well as in other quarters of the Western Country. The value of these, however, may be diminished or increased, and the sale impeded o r ad vanced, by the impression made on the public mind, by shutting the Port of New Orleans, and by eventual measures which may be adopted to guard against si milar injuries. West Florida is bounded on the north by the Mississippi Territory, from which it is sera its - d by no natural boundary ; on the east by the river Apa. lachicola, which divides it from East Florida ; on the west by the River Mississippi, and on the south bynohe Gulph' of Mexico. The Mississippi terri tory is irsterseded by many large and valuable rivers, which rise,Within its boundaries, and meander thro' it in a general direftion, from north to 'south, but empty themselves into the gulph of Mexico, thro' the Province of West Florida. In 661, with the exception of that part of the territory which lies immediately on the Mississippi, the ,whole must de. Pend on the Mobile and Apalachicola, with their numerous branches, and on some other rivers of ir ferior note, for the means of sending its produce-to market, and of re - turning to itself such foreign sup. ,plies, as the necessities or convenience of its inha.. bitants may require.- In these rivers, too, the eastern parts of the• State of Tennessee are deeply in. letested, as some of'the great branches Of the Mo bile approach very near to some of those branches of the Tennessee river, which lie above the great muscle shoals. Even if it should prove gifficult to cantle& them, yet the land carriage will be shorter, and the route to the sea more dire& than the river Tennessee furnishes. These rivers possess likewise an advant4ge which is denied to the Missis s i pp i.— As their sources are not in the mountains, and their A Shoern ker was convieled at Edinburgh a few ,days since of buying shoes belonging - to a Soldier in one of the Mi!ilia Regiments, and fined tee. LON DOir: Printed by BUCILA NAN M`MI (aDow-Street , Coveht•Gardenj ; an d Published by \V ILLI A m A Rmiclß s cit irrs, ( o f s o uth Molt on . str eet, Grosvenor - square); At the Su N.O F , ics, No. I z, Strand ; where ild7ertlsevenis, Order s fur th e a i ter, 14fierr for the Editor, &c. (pentiaid), must be addressed, SFIETLAND ISLAYDS. , er m, IN answer to a Statement lately published of the distrec'ed situation of the Inhabitants of Shetland, the Lord Advocate of Scotland has announced in the Edinburgh Papers, that the Statement alluded to was totally unauthorised on the part of the Land. holders of Shetland, and was inserted in the Public Papers without any commonication' either with his Lordship, with the Sheriffuf the County, or with the Agent of Lnrd DUNDAS, Lord Lieutenant and prin cipal Heritor of the Islands. " The fa& is," his Lordship states, " that some weeks ago a represen tation of the distressed state of the inhabitants : of Shetland was officially made by the Sheriff Substitute to the Lord Advocate, which his Lordship imme diately transmitted. to the Chancellor of the Exche quer. Mr. ADDINGTON gave that immediate as sertion : to the sullied which was to be expeaed from him, and, in the mean time, till the matter could be laid lore Parliament, he gave direEtions to the Victualling Office to send a vessel loaded with Oatmeal and Biscuit to Shetland, to be served out gratis to such of the inhabitants as stand in need of relief, under the superintendance of the principal Landholders and Clergy, a list of whom, prepared under his Lordship's inspedion, was sent up to the Treasury, in order to be forwarded along with the vessel, which, in ail probability, is by this time at the port of Lerwick." ROYAL ACADEMY. THE five suspended Members of the Royal Aca demy have though; proper to give to the World, what they calla CONCISE VINDICATION of their condo& respeding the late disputes. The Work is drawn up with great ability, but as so much has been said on those disputes, we do not wish to pro_ long the discussion of an unpleasant subject, and sincere:y hope that all dissentions will give way to a general zeal for the honour and interest of the In. stitution. The following Extraft, however, pays so just a triluve to the ROYAL PATRON, on his late gracious interference to restore harmony, and is so mtplimentary to the Academy itself, that we rea.. Oily insert it, trusting that the. Members on both sides will, in future, be impressed with the import ance of an Establishment, that may be rendered sub_• servient to the interests of VIRTUE, ,as Well as thos , . of TASTE. " The attention which the SaVE R E t GN, amidst so many other important cares, has condescended to bestow upon this subjeCt, will be felt and acknow_ ledged with gratitude, by the Nation. His MA. I !STY, sensible of the importance of this Establish ment, because he bad attentively observed its bent-. ficial effetts, upon the growth and progress of the Arts, has been justly anxious that no unnecessary and wanton innovation, should endanger the further exterisinn of those advantages of which it has al ready been proaludive. The foundation of this liberal School was among the_ first and favourite ads of his patriotic and benevolent reign.: Previously to its eitablishment the Imitative Arts were scarce_ ly known among us. In Literaiure—io .the exter. sive and varied circle of the Sciences, we had long stood upon a proud and . commanding eminence. In the Arts alone, England ,vas confessedly inferior to the rival Nations of . EurOpe. Forty years have not yet elapsed since the foundation of this Institution, and th.' British School has already tisen to deserved distineliin and celebrity. There was nothing then averse in the 'cliaraeler and genius of the Country-I-- nothing in the frame and constitution of its govern. meat. Taste, industry, invention—all the requi sites to excellence were lilserally diffused among us. But the directing Spirit had slurnbere&for ages in a state of inertness and tor,),‘r. Aroused, at length, and invigorated by the influence of a generous and exalted patronage, she now unfolds her latent powers; and, quickened into active existence, has pointed our a new and libcral 'source of national wealth and distindiun. •. Through the rude chaos, thus the running light " S.hut the tira ray, that picrc'd the native night." RECIPE FOR a CONSUMPTION.—Take fresh nettles every day (those of the finest green are the best, press out the juice, and give - the patient a table-spoonful before rising in the morning, repeat. in 4 the dose at noon and bed-time, with a tea-cup full of red Burgundy or port after the juice. The diet of the patient to consist of soup or broth, con taining the expreSsed nettles, and good roast beef or tnut run he is nut to be allowed to eat any thing sour , or highly seasoned. This remedy has long been use by a medical man of the first eminence in Germany, and has just been transmitted to a gentle man in Dorsetsbile. Mr. LtEbs, of Somersham, in Huntingdonshire, haa very successfuly cultivated hemp on a black peaty soil, fox merly the bed of a river, bqt which was much el/tr.:run with nettles, and other rubbish, This mode of . culture, not only yielded fifty stone of hemp pet acre, but cleaned the land compleatly. A Swede advertises in the Stockholm Papers of the Bth ult. that he has invented an utensil in which meat may be dressed in the best manner for two persons, without wood or coals, or in any place or apartment, without damaging it. This utensil, says the advertiser, may he had of him for about 6s. English - money ; and the matter used instead of firing, is to be mirchsed in sufficient quantity for each mess at the price of about id. At the Quarter Session's for the Tower of South ampton held on Saturday, three indictments for felony were found against a boy of thirteen years of age, of the name of Rich. Smith, for having in his possession and disposing of articles of wearing apparel, a box of plate l, &c. He was aegnitted of the two first, but 'found guilty can the third, and sentenced to seven years transportation. LOU IS I ANA. RETORT, QN THE SUBJECT OF LOUISIANA► MADE DURING THE LAST SESSION OF CONGRESS. The Committee, to whom was referred a resolution, pro posing an appropriation of TWo Millions of Dollars, - in ad dition to the sum usually appropriated for the purposes of intercourse between the United States and Foreign Nations, subtuit the following REPORT: course is througli . a level country, their currents are gentle, and the tide flows considerably above our boundary. This circumstance, together with the depth of water which many of them afford, ren ler them accessible to sea vessels ; and ships of zoo t ms burthen may ascend for several hundred miles i - the heart of the Mississippi territory. Thesesrivers, however, which run almost exclusively within our own 'limits, and which it would seem as if Nature had intended for our benefit, we must be indebted to others for the beneficial use of, so long as the Province of West Florida shall continue in the pos session of a Foreign Nation. If this Province were of itself an independent Empire, it would be the interest of its Government to promote the freedom of trade, by laying open the mouths of the rivers to all nations, this having been the policy of those Powers who possess the mouths of the Rhine, the Danube, the Po, and the Tagus, With some others. Bat the system of ColOnization, which has always heretofore prevailed; proves that the Mother Coun try is anxious to engross to itself the trade of its colonies, and affords us every reason to apprehend that Spain will nbt readily admit us to pass through her territory, to carry on a trade either with each other, or with foreign nations. This right. we may insist on, and perhaps it may be "conceded to us : bUt it is possible it may be denied. At all events, it may prove the endless source of disagreement and perpetual hostility. In this respect, East Florida may not perhaps be so important, but its acquisition is nevertheless deemed desirable. From its junction with the State of Georgia, at the river St. Mary's, it stretches nearly four hundred miles into the sea, forming a large peninsula, and has some very fine harbours.— The Southern point, Cape Florida, is not more than zoo miles distant from the Havannah, and the pos session of it mayrhe beneficial to us in relation to our trade with the \Vest Indies. - It would likewise Make our whole territory •compaEt; would add con •siderably to our coast, and by giving us the Gulph of Mexico for our Southern Bouodary, would render us less liable to attack, in what is now deemed the most vulnerable part of the Union. From the foregoing view of fads, it must be seen, that the possession,of New Orleans and the Flotidas, will not only be required for the conveni s , ence of the United States, but will'he demanded by_ the most impeiious necessity. The Mississippi and irs branches, with those other rivers abeSve referred to, drain an extent of country not less perhaps than one-half of our whole territory, containing at this . time one-eighth of our population, arni progressing with a rapidity beyond the experience of any former time, or of any other nation. The Floridss and New Orleans command the only outlets to the sea, and our best interests resplie, th"t we 311001 d g et possession of them. This requisition, however, arises not from a disposition to increase our terri tory, for neither the Floridos nor New Orleans offer any other inducements than their mere geographical relation to the United States. But if vs e look for ward to the free use of the Mississippi, the Mobile, the Apalachicola, and the other rivers of the Wes:, by oursetves and our posterity, New Orleans and • the Florida! must become a part of the United States, either by purchase or by conquest. The great question then which preStrits itself is, shall we at this time lay the foundation fur future peace, by offering a fair and equivalent considera tion ; or shall we hereafter incurthe hazards and horrors of war ? The Government of the Voised States is differently organized from any other in the world. Its .object is the happiness of man ; its po licy and its interest to. pursue eight by right means. W/a; is the great scourge of the human race, and should never be resorted to but in cases of the most f , imperious necessity. A wise Government will avoid it, when its views can be attained by peaceful measures. Princes fight for glory ; and the blood and treasure of their subjects is the price they _pay. In all nations the people - bear the burden. of War ; and in the United States the people rule. Their representatives are the guardians of their rights, and it is the duty of those representatives to provide against any event which may, even at a distantdly, involve - the interest and the happiness of the nation. We may, indeed, have our rights restored to us by . - Treaty ; but there is a want of fortitude in apply ing temporary remedies to permanent evils ; there by imposing on our posterity a burden which we . ourselves ought to bear. If the purchase can be made, we ought not' to hesitate. If the attempt should fail, we shall have discharged an important duty. War may be the result; but the American nation, satisfied with our conduct, will be animated •by one soul, and will unite all its energies in the contest. Foreign Powers will be convinced that it is not a War of aggrandizement on our part, and will therefore feel no unreasonable jealousies to wards Ls. We shall have, proved that our objea was justice ; it will be seen that our propositions were fair; and it will be acknowledged that our cause is honourable. should alliances be necessary, they may be advantageously formed. We shall have merited, and therefore shall possess general confi. dence. Our meagures will stand justified not only to ourselves and our country, but to the world. In another point of view, perhaps, it would be preferable to make the purchase, as it is believed that a smaller sum would be requisite for this object than would necessarily be expended, if we should attecnpt to take possession of it by force ; the expences of a war being, indeed, almost incal culable. The Committee have . no such information before them, to ascertain the amount for Which the purchase can be made ; but it is hoped, that with the assistance of two millions of dollars in hand, this will not be unreasonable. A similar course was pursued for the purpose of settling our' diffe rences with the Regency of Algiers, 11, the..appro_ priation of one million of dollars prior to the corn mencement of the negotiation, and we have since experienced its beneficial effects. Under these im pressions, therefore, the Committee recommended the adoption of the Resalution referred to them in the following words, viz. Resolved, That a sum of two millions of dollars, in addition to the provision heretofOre made, be appropriated to d e fray an y ex p en ces which "may be incurred in relation'to . the intercourse between the United States and Foreign Nations, to be fa'd oat of any money that may be in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, and to be applied under the direCtion of the President of the United States, s4llO, II necessary, is hereby authorised to bor• row z e same, or any part thereof, an account whereof, as spun as may be, shall be laid before Congress. Mr. BENJAMIN ALLEN, the venerable gentleman • who was obliged to come into the Old Bailey, on • Satutilay last, as a witness on the trial of the un. fOrtUnart ANN IluttLE, has not, as was stated on that trial, q , itted his I . lJuse above once for near fitly years, and then only on the occasion of changing Ibis residence. He is the' son of the person who • • built the memorable ship called The 17;47, 7 , whiCh disappeared among the Scilly Islands, with 'a pro• digious number of men on board. This melancholy accident had such an efFeft upon Mr. ALLEN, ; who built that ship, that it might be said to have - j" broken his heart. His widow, the mother of Mr. BENJ AMI N ALLEN, struck by the loss of.the ship, arid its effe't on - her husband, earnestly implored bee - son never to quit her sight, lest he should be tempt ed to go zo . sea, and be the viftim of a similar ealamity• The son gave'her a solemn promise ofcumpliance, and after her death conceived it to be his duty to ob. serve that proirdse as long as he lived. He has led a life of•retirement, and aim - wit of solitude, for the long space of time before mentioned, having hardly ever admitted any body to his presence, except Mrs. JANE HURLE, the aunt of the unfortunate • ANN HURL E, and a former house-keeper. The relations of ANN Hotti. e are all worthy industrious people, whose example could only have led her to good coodua. It is supposed that she was tempted to think of the deed of which she has been found pilty, on accompanying her aunt to the Bank when the latter tv it 1 - eceive Mr. ALLEN'S dividends. Her hehaviour under her preseet "nnhapp7 condition, - is said to be expressive of tire sincerest cootritioO for her offence, Her parents are alive, and, of course, are in the deepest afllffion. Mr. ALLEN also is strongly atTetted with compassion for her de.• plorable condition. It is hardly possible to L one. eeive the alarm which this gentleman must have felt . on being taken from a scene of long and entire se., clusion to face the aweful tribunal of a Court Justice, and the crowd generally assembled 'in st2 clt a el , ce. s ANN . HIJRLE has been brought up to thc, - business of a habit.maker, in which she mlght havc, I bf,ei ? aide to acquire a- decent maintenance it sh! had not been tiCed to the commission of a -farli l e crime, by the temptation of opportunity, which ha§ often ensnared people much older and much wisl t . than herself. M'ny may have heard of FORTUNATUs's ing Cap, as an ideal symbol of wealth, the reatirf of which is now possessed by the Public in the pre" sent Lottery ; which .performs lull as much praji", call) , as the Cap did theoretically, affluence bei4 opposed to the ;7ifle adventured. 'rickers, is ,ecn3 4 t are yet under Twenty Pounds, notwi t h Eati dinz the Wheel is so rich.- SHIP NEWS. ! YO - OLE, 'YAW. v 6. • Arriveci—the Lord Nelson, Le Fevre, from Jersey ; C II ,J tna, i3urrige, front New Brunswit:k •' Alfred, Prouse.; c3 , Allrora, Pack, torn Newfoundland ; Lippe, Beal, aid Revenue'Cutl - c. - , from .t GRAVESEND, JAN, lt,. JO Passed by—the Peters, Robbins, from St. Übe's ; 3 Vrow.Margaretta, Sevala, from Embdm• 0 6 Sailed--the Verwagting, Slap, Snclir.:id, Moot, awl C.; retzyhl, Danker, for Ernbden. ...gt BIRTH. el On Sunday sennight, the Lady of Sir Thomas Dairyifif Hesketh, Bart. o f k u ltbra Hall, Lancashire ; of a So,.t. DIED, Yesterday, at his house, in Cleveland-row, Robert W.° lll. mond, Esq. Brrnker, at Charing Cross. Vst The sant.; afternoon, at Dover, Tames Peter' Fedor, of that Town, Banker. On Wednesday morning last, the iSth Tanuary, at Newiri:lff in the Isle of Wight, in the 7 . 3 d year of his age, the Honourable L:r.onarcl Lord HolnreF; Baron : Holmes, • mallock, in the County - of Lirneri:ic.. On 'Saturday, the 7:0, inst. at his father's house in man-street, Mr. George Richter. • rSr ,„ At Stirling, on the intli instant, Mrs. Marion Hai • spouse of lohn Guru, Esq. of Coldo - ch., e tft' On Saturday se'onight, at Glasgow, Mr. William Sc7!:', sen. macufacturer. ,10 R E. F ,‘,TUCKS', R DAY. fink Stock istl z , 113,ieux Stock 1691 7ol• N 3 ,y 5 ier t =NI.. 83, 9si Ir;dia Bonds 5 per :,ent t73)-, 93:1 Uranium 4.i 4 Irish 5 per Cent. 1 imper. 3 per Cent. 1 pe• Cent Col.. 7z xi 21 Ditto Ann. 3 l' , :r (‘• R. 55ii s .i Bank for Account 3 I , e , C. Con 5.49 51 Deferred 3 per Cent. B. L. Ann. i 6 5.464 I Cons. tor Feb. 55 ; t-l i ti B. S. Ann. 3 '5-16 ___....... • con having .hi s h • • • TO THE PUBLIC. T HE Honourable Cornmissioner for' the '0 of an excLusive,antl particular set of Plato ' 1 5 0 " N ee ,a n tn P e l' a; l it t :si:e r n 3 c h e t , ttil" Slotrvit-.)s,lll.ar.ircpf reol,h'craerbcyernegsprtte‘a,edt.u.,ily inforhied . , that Mid his Medicines, the Cordial Balm of Gilead, -and Anti-1 01 . 1 d. tigines, will not contain the Certificate as heietotore incibrP signed be him, the Government Stamp p.-.;.ted over the', of each mottle, bearing , his name in the body thereof (to CV terfeit which is Felony) , be in g a sufficient secuttry , and the Public in general against all mo u ser o f tinims :10 ," ;0 1 0 " Purchasers of those valuable Medicines, and bf Dr. mon's Abszergent Lotion, are therefore requested in s i~-6 cular m A nner to observe, that none is or can possibly p a e ; 0. nuine which is not stamped in the manner above smite course ail others :ire Counterfeits. • PREGNANT LADIES Whose situation requires a temporary Retiremen t ' fel MR. WATSON, Surgeon: and Man-Mi d i Viat offers to aceommodate Ladles in an airy al l4 ..' te a A : 7 A. situation, with Apartments to lye-in, On 'terms sln 0 Fir their =circumstances and situation M Vie ; ,their a ro out to nurse, and humanely taken care.cii; raid as tlw. - ars induces hiM to oiler his assistance to alleviate the hol.rt, Concealed Pregnancy, lie hatters hirnserf on application to him, the greatest attention and 113°5- found secrecy. d 0 11 ; L e tters "(post-01k') to Mr. Watson, 'Sur'geon• Midwife, or to Mrs• Watson, 'Midwife, No. 1 9 , C,1., .- c s t r eet, Surrey-side of Btu:lariat- • 11 meet 1‘ 1 pointed attention. .4 De W Acre may be had the PILL 'B EN t:DICTA , , per b o x, a certain and effectual 'Remedy to rertl o,lc. La e structi,ins and Irregularities, and an.excellent Medic b a d Lying-in. •