The Sun. — London, England, 1832-06-28 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. We rejoice to see that Lord Durham has con sented to go oo a special mission to the Court of St. Petersburgh. Hard as the service and irksome at the undertaking and journey must he to him—under the pressure of ill health, and his recent family afflictions —we are yet satisfied at perceiving the possibility of inducing men of acknowledged talents and popular feelings to re present at f ore ign Courts, at whatever personal sacrifices to themselves, the principles which have been applied— so much to the honour of the present Administration—to the improve ment of the institutions of their own country. In saying this, we beg to be understood as not advocating the absurd doctrine of pressing those those principles obnoxiously and inconsiderately on foreign States, with whose institutions they are incompatible—or of interfering in, or intertned dling with every collision, or revolution, which a conflict of principles may occasion on the Con tinent. The two great objects of our foreign policy should be—the enforcement of a respect for the independence of nations, whether great or small, and the mainte nance of that attitude between nations enjoy ing liberal institutions on the one hand, and the monstrous armed coalitions of arbitrary Powers on the other, which may be best adapted to conciliate the good-will, and to com mand the respect of both—to remove or miti gate the causes of distrusts, jealousies, and ap prehension on either side—and to preserve the general peace (if that be yet practicable) in the present critical and complicated state of Euro pean politics. With such objects, and at such a moment, the mission of Lord Durham must he of the greatest importance. His situation as a Cabinet Minister—his near connexion with Lord Grey—the efficient and decided part lie has taken in the preparation and final accom plishment of the Reform Bill—the firmness and consistency of his character, and the popularity he enjoys, from the general impression that the people owe much, in the victory they have won, to his steadfastness and perseverance, and the beneficial influence of the exercise of these qua lities on his colleagues, during the struggle, give an interest to, and excite an expectation that, the most advantageous consequences may result from his appointment to the cause of peace and liberty, both in this country and on the Con tinent. We need not reenter upon the general field of foreign politics, or again advert to those details to which we have so often lately directed the attention of our readers, and which we have urged as imperatively requiring an alteration in the whole system and machinery of our diplo macy. We suppose the particular and primary object of Lord Durham's mission is the long protracted Belgian negotiation. The Russian Court has been accused (whether justly or un justly we will not say) of encouraging the King of Holland in his resistance to the Conference. The intimate family connexion between the Courts no doubt accounts, in some degree, for the partiality shown towards Holland. At the same time, sound policy and national interests cannot be sacrificed to personal ties ; and there is no power in Europe to whom the preservation of peace and the maintenance of a close alliance with this country ought to be of more importance than Russia. But this subject—all-important as it is—is not, we trust, the only one which Lord Durham will have to press on the attention of the Emperor of Russia. The whole internal state of Europe is most critical ; and it solely depends upon the decision of the great leading Powers, whether, by judicious concessions and wise ameliorations of the condition of their subjects, general tran quillity can be preserved ; or by a blind adher ence to despotic principles, to be enforced by military means, a sanguinary and suicidal strug gle shall be commenced, the progress of which may involve in one general ruin the free and the enslaved—liberal institutions and despotic monarchies. It is in order to prevent these dis astrous consequences, that England should come forward, and, availing herself of her ele vated situation, exert herself to stay the coming storm. She has but to point to her own power, arising from the moral force of her enlightened population, to exhibit the advantages of civili zation, and timely reformation, as evinced in the bloodless improvement effected in her own internal situation, in order to induce other Powers to follow in the same noble course. That these will be the points urged on the attention of the Russian Court, we have no means of ascertaining ; but we know they ought to be. We are sure that no one—if we may judge from the whole tenour of his public life—is more im pressed with their importance than Lord Durham ; and we feel confident, that he never would have consented to undertake this embassy, if the ob jects for which lie went to negotiate had not been such as were of the highest importance to the general cause of freedom. We are gratified also, in seeing from this appointment, that Lord Palmerston has at last discovered the policy of breaking through the absurd rule of confiding the most important negotiations of a liberal Ca binet to the exclusive management of diplo matists of an illiberal school, whose only merit — as a set-off to their utter disqualification, from their attachment and adherence to the principles of Castlereagh and Metternich—consists in some acquaintance with, and practice in, the mysteries and forms of diplomatic etiquette. We under stand that Lord Durham goes only on a special occasion—retaining his seat in the Cabinet—and with the intention of returning as soon as the objects of his mission are accomplished ; but lie must have no Lord Heyteaburys, or Sir C. Bagots for his successors, to remove the wholesome impressions which we trust may be made on the Russian Court by a manly and open explanation of the views of this Government, and by what we hope must enter into these views—an expression of deep sympathy in the wrongs of Poland, and an endeavour (to the extent at least to which our interference is justifiable by exist ing treaties) to obtain some mitigation of the sufferings and oppressions of her virtuous and unfortunate population. We will not on this occasion re-open the discussion respecting the expediency of removing other emplogs, who are still, for reasons best known to the Foreign Office—but which are incomprehensible to die public—left in situations where the cooperation of more enlightened and willing agents in the cause of freedom is essentially necessary. We believe Lord Palnkerston to mean well. We approve of the principles on which his foreign policy is founded ; but we cannot desist from — a nd we shall return hereafter, on fitting oc casions, to a free discussion both of the public caharacters and qualifications of these diplo matic functionaries, to whom the public money is paid for misrepresenting the feelings and opinions of the Government and people of this country at foreign Courts, alluding to the absurd system which is supposed to oblige Governments to employ any imbecile and dolt upon whose education, in the ancient philosophy of diplo macy, the public money has been squandered, to the exclusion of liberal and able men, whose only disqualification consists in' not having had that advantage inflicted upon them.—Morning Chronicle. We have received some notices from corre spondents respecting the character and proceedings of the present meeting of scientific men at Ox ford. In an age like the present, when mental communication is so easy and expeditious by means of the press and the post-office, when tra velling is so commodious, so rapid, and so cheap, we see very little use in such ambulatory associ ations as that which met last year at York, and which is now assembled amid the venerable esta blishments of Oxford. In Germany (whence the idea of the association was borrowed) society is more divided by political barriers, and the fa cilities of correspondence alluded to are less ex tensive than in England. Hence it may be ex oedient, or even necessary, in that country to appoint periodical meetings of men, who, though living in different states, speak the same lan guage, indulge in the same tastes, and occupy themselves with the same pursuits ; but it seems as unreasonable to us that our philosophers should be dependent on an assemblage like that at Oxford, as that our booksellers should meet to transact their business at a fair like that of Leipsic. Indeed, on th e same groun d on which we have repeatedly exposed the inutility of those periodical exhibitions of industry and mechanical ingenuity which have been common in France, and which have been introduced from France into other continental States, we might show the total uselessness of the present scientific con gress. The members who compose it do not come to make discoveries, but to exhibit the dis coveries which they have already made, and every person interested in knowing their nature or extent has already been made acquainted with them by some of the scientific journals. It is true, that some of the more striking results may be exhibited, for the amusement of ladies and children, but the same exhibition might be made by a popular lecturer, without degrading the dignity of science, by a mere unexplained display of philosophical toys. But, abandoning all reasoning a priori on such a subject, we may say, that even in the opinion of some of the wisest members of the association, the scheme has not " worked well." The members, we understand, are as much addicted to lavish lau datory effusions on each other as the 40 wise men in the French Academy. In the next place, the geological and natural history professors some times forget that they lecture in the presence of ladies, and may do as much harm by the freedom of their language, as they do good by the display of their knowledge. In the third place, the ambition of gaining eclat at such periodical meetings must tend to divert the mind from profound studies, the results of which cannot so easily be exhibited, to superficial ac quirements which command immediate applause. But though we thus venture to doubt the general utility of such associations, and even to find fault with one or two features of the present meeting at Oxford, we are not insensible to the collateral good which it has effected by being convoked in that great seat of learning. The handsome manner in which degrees were con ferred on Mr. Dalton and Mr. Farraday, for their scientific merits and great discoveries, will long reflect honour on the University itself.— Times. Mr. Cutlar Fergusson, we hope and trust, will be effectually supported in his motion of this evening, upon the conduct observed, and to be observed, as well by the Russian Government, as indeed by that of England, France, and other Powers, towards the gallant Polish nation. It is not enough, we are ready to acknowledge, that every noble and generous feeling of hu manity should range itself on the side of Po land. It is not enough to adjure one state by all that is most endearing or affecting, to take up arms in defence of an oppressed and injured neighbour. That the Poles have a claim upon the heart of all mankind, beyond what any people, ancient or modern, could establish,—a claim founded on services to Europe,—on wrongs received from Europe,—and on suffer ings not paralleled in the history of atrocious crime,—we need not now stop to asseverate. But what may be far better worth notice from the rulers of nations, in their character of provident and upright statesmen, is, the question whe ther Poland has not legal claims upon the active assistance of the Great Powers of Europe. and claims of urgent and admitted policy upon the Kings of France and of Great Britain, which cannot be set aside upon any plea of their having no more practical source than that of high moral sentiment. The question at this moment is, whether the parties to the peace of Vienna are not bound by positive engagement as they are indisputably by unanswerable considerations of a sound and independent foresight, to interfere at once, and vindicate, if not the entire liberty, at all events the distinct form and existence of con stitutional Poland, with a view to limit the en croachments of Russia towards the west, and to preserve inviolate, for the security of all, the main barriers and boundaries of modern Europe. There can be no doubt in the mind of any rational being, that Russia had, by her op pressive government of Poland—in itself the true cause and justification of the late revolt—out raged the grand compact Ishicli held forth a constitution to the Poles as the price of their voluntary submission to the sway of Alexander. The revolt was the work of Russian tyranny. It never can, with any regard to truth, be repre sented as an excuse for the aggravation of that tyranny. If Mr. Cutlar Fergusson proposes a recourse to strong measures, in conjuncion with France, for the maintenance of solemn engage ments, for the protection, at once, of national rights, and of the federal compact by which Europe ought to be poised and held together, we anticipate, on the part of Lords Palmerston and Althorp, no unworthy evasion of so great a pledge—but, on the contrary, a frank assurance to Parliament that the faith of treaties shall be maintained ; that the equilibrium of Europe shall not be broken up by the horrible extinction of an ancient and glorious people ; and that England herself shall no longer be set at defiance with impunity.—Times. Lord Durham has been announced for a spe cial mission to St. Pctersburgh. Whether this mission has reference, as an evening Paper inti mates, to the course of Russian Policy towards Poland, or whether it is intended to elicit an explanation respecting the immense military pre parations in which Russia is and has long been engaged, or whether it relates to both those ob jects, we know not ; but we do know that if Lord Durham conducts his mission in no better spirit, and with no greater ability, than Lord Palmerston has evinced in the management of our foreign affairs, the public may as well be saved the expense of his journey ; for in that case, instead of being a check on the ambitious and dangerous designs of the Russian Cabinet, he will be but a tool in the hands of the Pout.) di Borgos, the Or!offs, and the other crafty ,ind clever politicians who have so long befouled our Government in the ridiculous business of the Belgic protocols, in the no less interminable " settlement" of the affairs of Greece, and in other matters wherein Russia has availed herself of the peculiar abilities that preside over our foreign department, to confirm and extend her barbarous ascendancy in Europe. As to the fate of Poland, it might have been averted long ago if the English and French Governments had only adopted that energetic and dicisive tone with the Czar which a true sense of the interests of their respective countries, as well as the solemn obligation of the treaty by which they guaranteed the indepen dence of Poland, ought to have dictated. Pre viously to the invasion of Poland, a word from England and France could have stopped Russia, where an army might not be able to stop her now. England and France, as parties to the treaty of Vienna, were bound to have interposed to prevent the armed subjugation and final ex tinction of that kingdom. The manifesto of the Polish Diet contained charges against Russia which not only justified the revolution of War saw, but made resistance a sacred duty. The English and French Governments were at least bound to inquire into the truth of those charges, and should not have allowed Russia to take ad vantage of the resistance, which her outrages provoked, to consummate the crime which she had long meditated of the total extinction of the nationality of Poland. What a case of atrocious wrong and systematic perfidy was made out against the Russian Government in the state ment of " a Member of the Diet" relative to the Polish provinces incorporated with Russia, which we published on Tuesday ! What acts of atrocious tyranny and intolerable barbarism are there not detailed in the able little work called the Autocracu and the Con stitution of Poland, of which we have since copied several extracts! With a cause so strong in its own justice, and one which it was so much the interest of England and France to advocate, what had the Governments of those two greatest nations of Europe to fear from Russia, comparatively crippled and en feebled as she was by the first successes of the Polish revolution ? Not only did those Go vernments exercise no good offices in favour of Poland, but their influence was in some mea sure enlisted on the side of the despotic oppres sor All civilized Europe heard with horror the words uttered by Sebastiani, the French Mi nister for Foreign Affairs, who, in a moment of inadvertent exultation, let out the secret feeling of his soul, when, on announcing the murderous capture of the capital of Poland, he exclaimed, as if he were the paid Minister of the Czar, " Order reigns in Warsaw !" The Poles dis tinctly charge the Government of the late Casi mir Perier with having perfidiously cajoled and deliberately betrayed them—with having paraly sed the exertions of their General-in-Chief by assurances of securing the independence of Po land through negotiation, and without further bloodshed, by which means the treacherous plots of the Russian agents were allowed to ripen, the invading forces, that might have been cut up in detail, were allowed to accumulate—the moral influence of the previous victories of the Poles died away, and the result was the fall of Warsaw, and the dis honour of France. Then, as to the conduct of our liberal English Government, who was its representative at the Court of St. Petersburgh? Lord Heytesbury—a man whose name had been previously associated with events which led to the destruction of Constitutional liberty in more than one of the ancient kingdoms of Europe. In this we acted like the French Government, who continued at the Court of Russia the ultra- Royalist representative of the Bourbon Court. But our Ministry went further than this in giving countenance to the Autocrat. If really averse to the invasion of Poland, our Government might, to a certain extent, have stopped the supplies. Instead of acting so, what did our Government do ? It actually paid large sums of money to Russia under the pretended obliga tion of a treaty relative to what was called the Russo-Dutch loan, but which treaty had ceased and determined on the severance of Belgium and Holland, an event which, by the express words of the stipulation was to put an end to the contract whenever it should occur. In the memorable de bate upon this question, when it was found that the House did not place much reliance upon the opinion of the law officers of the Crown, a hint was thrown out that the payments had, at all events, the effect of inducing Russia to ob serve a pacific policy. This was as much as to admit that England had fallen into that state of servile abasement which made it necessary for her to purchase the forbearance of the insolent barbarians of the North by tributary gold ! It was easy to foresee that, if the ambition of Rus sia was dangerous to the peace of Europe before the conquest of Poland, it would be a great deal more dangerous afterwards. It was also easy to foresee that, if the insolence of Russia was great from her former successes, it would become still greater on finding that England trembled at her nod, and was tributary to her power. We have not failed to warn our Government of the con sequences of its undignified and truckling policy towards the Holy Alliance in general, and to wards Russia in particular, ever since Lord Palmerston commenced with the Plenipotentia ries of despotism the diplomatic farce of the pro tocols, which we shall be glad to find has not a tragical denouement. For a long time the Minis terial papers could see nothing but profound wisdom, as well as consumate integrity, in the part which Lord Palmerston pursued. It was in their eyes either criminal or absurd to impute designs against freedom to the Holy Alliance, and it was regarded almost like treason to ques tion the " honourable intentions" of Russia. difficulties Wes for still went on warning our Mi n i s t ers o f th e thm which e s ee. we had r their l s was creating de motic powers. inti mations of W the friendly exhorted Goofv Government eli to look more to acts than professions, as it was better to show a little foresight than a great deal of After-knowledge. With regard to th e con duct of Lord klmerston, who was about to crown igo his t,t heother diplomaticday, fame y,toß b u y ssia,sendingwefinSdir thatC hartliel the Ministeral papers, with the exception of one, have come round to our opinions ; and as to the conduct and intentions of Russia, we have the satisfaction of seeing that some of them go quite prettya as far n as i g done,eve r did, denouncingnowwt which h t lsitteah stands sp mischiefrfooprofligate io.tah t i i e s s a mbition of that barbar ous power. Whetherb Lord Durham's mission r e l ates to Poland or not, we trust that Mr. Cutla i r il- l f . a . e t r e g d u s p s e o o n p will pro motion,ol and da people — and Yd retehed iaattise to that he will n endeavour to a scerta i n, for the ,atisfaction of the country, what are really the intentions of Government, both with regard to the late kingdom of Poland, and the provinces incorporated with Russia.—Morning Herald. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MARLBORO UGH-STREET. Yesterday a man of respectable appe, , rance, wit() aye the name of Boyer, was brought before H. M. DYER, Esq., from the police station, charged with creating a disturbance at Apsley-house, on the pre ceding night. According to the statement of one of the police constables of the C division, who was on duty at Apsley-house, his attention was drawn to the pri soner's proceedings shortly after the arrival of their Majesties, in consequence of his uttering very bad language concerning the Duke of Wellington. Among other violent expressions, he said with an oath, "let us pull down the house while the Duke is in it." He requested the defendant several times to walk away, and it was not until he refused to do so that he took him into custody. Mr. DYER—Do you suppose he was under the influence of liquor ? The constable replied that the man appeared to be sober. A gentleman, named Lefroy, came forward and stated that he believed, from the defendant's expres sions and gestures, that he was exciting the populace to pull down Apsley-house. He also was of opinion that the defendant was sober. The defendant, in reply to the charge, disclaimed having had any malicious intention in uttering the r.xpressions imputed to him. He was much in liquor at the time, and he was unconscious of having acted in the mariner described. Mr. DYER ordered the defendant to be detained until he found bail, observing that the offence with which he was charged was indictable. The defendant, who was said to be a tailor, was then locked up. LAMBETH STREET. Yesterday Mr. N. Canstall, a medical gentleman, residing in Bury-street, St. Mary-axe, attended be fore the Sitting Magistrate, and stated that he had on that morning, while pas,ing through Rosemary lane, seen exhibited for sale a quantity of fish, which was in an absolute state of putrescence, and was not fit for food. In two cases of cholera which he (Mr. Canstall) had attended in the neighbourhood, and which proved fatal, he had distinctly traced the cause to the use of unwholesome fish, such as that which was then exposed for sale. He hoped the Magistrates would interpose their authority and de stroy it. On looking over the Acts of Parliament it ap peared that the Magistrates have no jurisdiction in such cases. and that the only remedy is by indict ment, as a public nuisance. Mr. HARDWICK, however, said that as the evil complained of was, particularly at the present time, one of serious consequence, they should, to accom plish a great good, do a little wrong, and gave di rections to the police to -proceed at once and seize ad the fish which they found exposed in Rosemary lane, which did not appear fresh and fit for use, say ing that they, the Magistrates, should take on them selves the responsibility of the act. The police at once proceeded to act on the advice of the Magistrates, and in a short time returned to the office with several baskets of cod, place, and mackerel, all of which was in so putrid a state that the Magistrates gave directions that it should be at once buried in the Tenter-ground. Mr. JOHN ANGERSTEIN, of Woodlands, Blackheath, has come forward for the new borough of Greenwich ; he declares Le has always been friendly to the objects of the Reform Bill, and that their furtherance will be his aim if elected one of the Representatives. The Duke of DEVONSHIRE has in his pos session the rosary worn by HENRY the Eighth. Upon the four sides of each bead are four circles, within which are carved groups ; the subject of each group being taken from a different chapter in the Bible. Nothing can sur pass the exquisite beauty of the workmanship of this relic of other days. Every figure is perfect, in spite of the ex treme minuteness of their size ; and the whole is from the design of that great master, HOLBEIN, who has painted HENRY in these identical beads. The rosary is inge niously preserved from injury, while it is exhibited to full view, from being suspended within a bell glass.-- Town. EDUCATION (IRELAND). —Further to illus trate the Government plan of education for Ireland, there have been ordered to be laid before the House of Lords, " Copies of the titles of all books or tracts edited, printed, or supplied for the use of schools by authority of the Board of Education, Ireland." Also, " Lists of all books or tracts employed in any school, whether in the combined, mural and literary instruction, or in the separate religious instruction, with the sanction or approbation of the board, or any member or members of the same." POWER OE MACHINERY.—In one branch of the cotton trade, some spindles, which, before the new im provements were projected, used to revolve only fifty times in a minute, now perform six, seven, and in some cases eight thousand revolutions in the same short space of time. In one establishment at Manchester there are 136,000 spindles kept in incessant motion by steam power, by which they are enabled to spin one million two hundred thousand miles of cotton thread per week. The weekly produce of this article, when the machines are in full work, is about four hundred millions of miles ; or enough to encompass the earth one hundred and sixty times !—Caledonian Mercury. A DETERMINED TIPPLER.—Mr. RICHARD P. FOLLET examined—l live at Dover. I have lived at Bruges. I kept there the Hotel de Flanders. I know Mr. GLOVER very well. He was in the habit of coming to my house three or four times a day. He has come in a morning as early as seven. He came to drink. Some times he would drink brandy or boll Inds, or a strong Flemish liquor. He told me that he had married the tidy he was living with when she was 16 years of age, against her father's consent. I have often carried him home drunk. He would get tipsy three or four times a day. He was not very nice in what he drank. He has taken home gin at night for the purpose of drinking before he got out of bed. fie his told the that he could not come down stairs without drink. He told me he descended the stairs back yards, because he could not look down without apprehension. He associated with persons of the very lowest grade.—House of Lords—Moffat's Divorce Bill. LORD AND LADY CONYNGIIAM.—Lady CONYNGIIAM, since becoming so celebrated in England, was then in the full bloom of her charms. In this re spect she was entitled to a brilliant reputation ; but I con fess, I could never admire beauty so totally devoid of ex pression. lam not surprised at the Venus de Medicis not returning my smile, because she is a statue, and nothing but marble; hut, when I approach a beautiful woman, I expect a look and expression of animated nature. This was not to be found in Lady CONYNGIIAM. She was very elegant, took great care of her beauty, dressed well, and carried the care of her person so far as to remain in bed the whole day until she dressed to go to a ball. She was of opinion, that this preserved the fresh ness of her complexion, which she said was always more brilliant when she did not rise till nine at night. She was a beautiful idol, and nothing more. Lord CONYNG HAM, her husband, might be called ugly. The Duchess of GORDON, who, in her frightful language, sometimes uttered smart things, said of Lord CONYNGHAM, that he was like a comb, all teeth and back."—From the Me moirs de la Duchesse d'Abrantes. THE ETTRICK SHEPHERD.--SOMething like what it would have been judicious to have done while t h e Ectrick Shepherd was among us in London, is now proposed —namely, to publish a volume of his poetry by subscription. Messrs. AJURRA 1- and DUNC.AN have hand somely come forward to conduct this undertaking, and have chosen the Queen's Wake fur republication, at the charge o f a guinea- We learn with sorrow, from the prospectus they have issued, that Mr. fitsoc has been plunged into severe pecuniary distress in consequence of the failure of his booksellers; so that a liberal support is now absolutely requisite to save him and his interesting family from ruin. Sure we are that, even in these agitated and hard-hearted times, such an appeal on behalf of a man of genius will not be made in vain ; and we call on the hundreds of high rank and great wealth, who enjoyed the Shepherd's original and entertaining society whilst in the metropolis, to help him in the hour when all his humour and hilarity must he turned to grief and bitterness. A more deserving case could not occur. Misfortune has overtaken not only an honest and worthy man, but a favoured son of song, who has exalted himself from the lowest rank of life by the force of his native talent, and reflected honour on the last ;rig literature of his country. Few such examples are found in the history of any people: let us not suffer the reproach of permitting want and unhappiness to cloud the latter days of the rare individual whose claims are now submitted by and to the friends of worth and genius Literary Gazette. GAME LAWS. (From the Times.) A return has been printed to an order of tli House of Commons, requiring from the different governors of prisons, or keepers of houses of eta rection, in England and Wales, an account of the number of persons committed under the game law-, in the three winter months of each year, for the last three years. The months included in this return are from the Ist of November, in 1829, to the 1•r of February, 1830 ; from the Ist of November, 1830, to the Ist of February, 1831 ; and from the Ist of November, 1831, to the Ist of February, 1832 The operation of the new game law began only on the Ist of November last, and a great diversity of opinion prevailed as to its probable effect. S on e thought that by making game property, and by per mitting its sale in the open roarket, a great addi tional stimulus would be given to the sinister in dustry and nightly depredations of the poacher ; while others as obstinately maintained, that by the legal permission to sell game, its owners would supply the market, to the comparative exclusion of the contraband trader and the dishonest trespasser. The subject is one of the greatest importance, arid the experiment has riot yet been tried for a length of time sufficient to warrant any definitive conclusion. So far as it goes, however, it makes out the new enactment to be unfavourable to the amelioration of the poorer classes, and the reduc tion of game law offences. The number of com mitments in the months of November, December, and January last, exceeds those of the correspond ing months in the end of 1829 and beginning of 1830, by 177, in all the counties in England. As many of our readers may feel an interest in this question, we have formed from the return a view of the commitments in each county of England, in the three months ending the 1s! of February, 1830 and 1832, omitting the intermediate year in which the subject had been discussed, but in which nothing had been done : 1830. 1832. Bedford 43... 41 1830. 1832. Lincoln Monmouth Norfolk Northampton Northumberland 6 ... 23 Nottingham Oxford IRutland 13 erks Bucks 57... 31 Cambridge 37... :30 Chester - 26 ... 23 Cornwall Cumberland Derby 52... 24 Devon 9 ... 13 Dorset 22 ... 19 Salop Somerset Stafford Suffolk Surrey 27... 26 Sussex 40... 85 Warwick Westmoreland 2 5 Wiltshire Worcester l4 ... 18 York Durham ll 9 Essex Gloucester Hants 54 ... 109 Hereford Hertford 33... 46 Huntingdon 2 Kent Lancaster - rift Leicester 1,116 1,293 1,116 IR the first place, it must strike every man who has any regard for the morals and happiness of his fellow -creatures, that either the number of 1,116 or of 1,293 commitments in three months for snar ing hares or shooting pheasants, argues a monstrous state of the law, or a most degraded condition of the rural poor. Many of these offenders are of course young men, who, having found their way into the gaol as poachers, have lost their character for sober industry,—have felt the contagion of prison example,—and will soon be prepared to return to their compulsory lodgings under graver charges, or for more heinous crimes. Hence our hulks, our penitentiaries, and our penal colonies, are supplied with inmates or inhabitants, not to mention the numbers who perish on the scaffold by the hands of the executioner. In the second place, a great deal of the efficacy of the law must depend upon its judicious adminis tration, arid for that, unfortunately, no wise provi sion is made. Many, if not the most, of these commitments are made by a single justice, who may be swayed by capricious dislikes to the poor, or ser vile desires to promote the pleasures or gratify the tyranny of the rich. Imprisonment is too great a penalty to be awarded on the mere judgment or hu mour of an individual. In the third place, though the law could not have remained as it was before the late change, and though, therefore, there were strong grounds for changing it so as to permit the sale of game, it is evident from its effects, that the late enactment is still very deficient. The tenant, or occupier of the land, should have had, in all cases, the power or the right of killing game, unless where he made a spe cial surrender of that power or right in his agree ment with his landlord. We need not remind our readers that commitments and convictions are very different things. Still, however, this return demonstrates the necessity of a speedy revision and amendment of the Game Act ; but in the mean time it should be recollected, that the most salutary parts of the measure, as sent from the House of Commons to the House of Lords, were struck out by the conservative care of the latter, who contended then, that there were vested interests in birds, as they have since contended that there were vested interests in boroughs. WONDERFUL TIDINGS.-(From the Colombo Journal, Feb. 4 )—Translation of a letter sent from Heaven to VISHNOCANDASWAMY'S Temple, and copied by a Brahmin named KOSSE A rroo :—" In the Hindostanee year 1888 and Salewaham Sagabdum 1753, answering to the year A. D. 1832, in the month of Februay, nn the sth day after full moon, which will be on Saturday, and at the hour of ten o'clock, a.m , when the sun enters Capricorn, the present iron age of the world will be turned into a golden age, which will continue for 1,000 years ; when the general duration of human life will be 125 years. And at the above-mentioned date, a Rajah will be bora at the North Pole, about eight in the morning, of the race of the moon, and that night will he lengthened to 131 hours, after the expiration of nine hours of which, an earthquake will take place, when all tyrants and wicked people will be destroyed, but holy and charitable persons will be pre served. Those who receive this account with doubt will, undoubtedly, commit sin; but those who receive and transmit it to other countries, will perform as much cha rity as if they presented a thousand cows and horses." On Wednesday afternoon, the 13th inst., as WILLIAM CHAMBERLAIN, one of the post-boys belonging to the Cock Inn, Eaton Socon, near St. Neots, was re turning from Biggleswade with a chaise and pair, he went into the Ouse at Tempsford Ferry to water the horses. The flood-gates being open, on account of the recent rains, the current ran so sharp as to overpower the horses, and all went down the sire lin, which irresistibly drove them towards the sluice, (a distance of about 200 yards from where they went in), CHAMBERLAIN standing on the bar. In going through the sluice, a drover, who was inside, sprung through the chaise window and caught hold of the chain by which the sluice gates are fastened, and moat providentially escaped; at the same instant CHAMBER• LAIN was washed off, and though several persons were on the spot, he was never seen to rise. It is supposed one of the horses must have struck him, as at that moment the chaise and horses were whirled over several times in the sluice pit. The horses were got out alive, but one is not expected to live. Though active search has been made, the body of CHAMBERLAIN has not been found, and we are sorry to add that he has left a widow and eight children to deplore their loss. CORONER'S INQUEST.—An inquisition was on Tuesday morning taken in Aldgate workhouse, Hounds ditch, on the body of Joust COLLIS, aged fifty, formerly in good circumstances, who died for want of the common ne cessaries of life. SARAH Haavav, of No. 6, Friar-street, Stepney, knew the deceased, who had lodged in her house for years. He was a single man, respectably connected, and lived like a gentleman upon his property until lately, when he became much reduced, being of extravagant habits, but she understood he h ai l considerable property yet undecided in the Court of Chancery. He gave up his lodgings about six months ago, and she had not since seen him. He enjoyed very good health, and was stout and well at that time. Mr. OWEN DAVIES, of Church-row, Aldgate, deposed that the unfortunate man called at his house on Wednesday evening last. He was so struck at his altered appearance, that he was about to order him out of the house. As soon as he was satisfied with his identity, being convinced of his starving condition, he invited him to eat and drink, but he was so far gone that be was unable to do either. The de ceased was a bashful man, and possessed too high a spirit to ask a favour from any of his friends. Mr. DAVIS, surgeon, examined the decased at the station-house, and I.:and his pulse so feeble as to be scarcely percepti , le ; he was covered with vermin, and altogeth er i n a most de plorable condition. He died in the cours e o f th e d a y from absolute starvation. Verdict—Di e d from starvation. CHOLERA IN AN EMIGRANT SHIP FROM NEW ROSS. (From the Waterford Mirror of Monday.) The Lord Wellington, Captain Calletott, dropped down from New Russ to the Passage of Waterford on Friday morning, bound for Quebec, with a great number of passengers. She anchored at Passage, and shortly afterwards reports were in circulation that the cholera was on board. In the evening those reports were powerfully strengthened by the landing of several of the passengers, with their fa milies and luggage, stating the death of two men, an d abandoning all idea of returning to the vessel. The man who died first was Martin Byrne, from Shillelagh, in the county Wicklow; the second was Mr. George Cook, a native of the county of Car low, returning to his residence at Pugwash, in Nova Scotia; a little girl died on Sunday morning; the fourth death on board was that of a fine young man of the name of James Walsh, of Clough, in the county Kilkenny. The vessel sailed on Sunday morning for the quarantine station at Milford. Three of those that landed at Passage were unwell, a man arid two women ; they found it impossible to obtain shelter until some clergymen charitably interfered, and prevailed upon the inhabitants to form a little temporary hospital for the sick strati geh. Since the preceding paragraph was put in type we have been enabled to give the following parti culars, from a report made to the Waterford Board of Health by Dr. Macksey : When Dr. Macksey, of Waterford, and Dr. Long, of Arthurs . own, went on board the vessel, at half past eleven, on Saturday morning, the dead bodies of Mr. George Cook arid Martin Byrne were lying on the deck. Martin Byre, of Shillelagh, in the connry of Wicklow, aged near severity years, the first case of illness that occurred on board, as reported by the Captain, was attacked with the symptoms of cholera at eleven o'clock on Thursday morning, and died in twenty-seven hours.—No me dical man had visited him ; and, as he had received some contusions in a drunken riot a few days before, his illness at first was attributed to this cause. From the appearance of the body, and the symptoms with which he was affected, there could be no doubt of his having died of maignant spasmodic cholera. On the road, near Passage, Dr. Macksey visited John. Holahan, one of the passengers of the Lord Wellington, lying in a ditch, covered by some straw, in the blue stage of cholera. The Rev. Mr. Paliser had the man removed into Passage, to the house in which Eliza Murphy was lying ill, where he received every attention from Dr. Gore, the physician to the dispensary. Holahan died on Sunday morning, having been 28 hours complaining. The Waterford Board of Health held its sitting at Passage o►► Sunday. It issued a warrant for the interment of the deceased, and forbad all unnecessary communication with the temporary hospital. The Mayor, at two o'clock on Sunday morning, had despatched Joseph Watson, one of his city consta bles, to Passage, to urge the departure of the vessel, and to report progress back. In closing this distressful narrative, we are sorry to add that the pilot who steered the Lord Welling ton out of the harbour on her way to the quarantine station at Milford, reports two additional deaths, and new cases were occurring. Several of the passengers of this ill fated vessel escaped back to Ross, and to different other parts of the county of Wexford. One man died in the hospital at New Ross; he had been severely maimed during a dreadful series of fighting which took place on board the vessel. The inhabitants of Ross were on the gui vim to adopt measures to resist the danger. THE MARKETS. COAL MAR Per Ton. s. d. Adair's 18 0 Bensham Main 16 0 Holywell Pitt's South Moor 15 6 l'ontop Windsor 15 6 Shipeote —...---..—. 16 6 16 9 I'nwnlcy . 17 0 Wylam --,.—,.--. 17 3 Walls End Brown's... . 17 3 Ditto Bell, Robson, & Co. 16 9 Ditto Bewicke and C 0..., 19 6 Wall. En , l Callerton 16 6 Walls End Heaton .. 19 0 Ditto Killingworth 18 9 Ditto Newbiggen.- .. 15 0 Walls End N e ',Jaren— 18 6 Ditto Northumberland . 17 6 Walls End Riddell's . 19 0 Ditto Todd and Watson— 18 6 Walls End Walker 18 6 Bells Primrose l5 9 Ships arrived sing :ET.—June 27. Per Ton. s. d. Walls End Hetton 20 6 Walls End Lambton 20 6 W. E. Russell's Hetton— 20 6 Walls End Stewart's...-. 20 9 Walls End Adelaide —. 16 0 Walls End Gordon..--. 19 0 NV. E. Old Etherley...—. 16 0 Walls End Tees 20 3 Walls End Elgin 16 0 . 16 0 Scotch Parrot—. 20 0 New Flockton, Milne, and Co. Silkstone Field and C 0... 16 0 Silkstone Holmes —...... 15 6 Walls End Selby —.—...... 15 6 Seremerstone Engine..... 15 6 Stavely---,—......... 15 0 GreenWich Hospital-,—..—. 16 0 Warde's 19 9 Tan field Trader 16 6 last market day. 89. COUNTRY CORN MARKETS DURING THE WEEK. Wheat. Barley. Oats. Beans. Per Quarter. s. to s. s. to s. s. to s. v. to s. Abingdon--. 62 81 31 43 22 30 38 Andover 73 80 37 41 23 44 Birmingham— 56 66 40 44 124 32 52 Bridport 56 74 32 36 26 30 54 Cirencester 50 62 26 38 21 25 36 41 k aringdon—. 54 66 36 40 26 34 46 Guildford ..--...... 48 74 23 32 26 35 43 Henley 54 83 30 35 20 30 -- 40 Hereford 84 92 44 48 52 Highworth 62 80 32 42 28 34 56 Maidenhead .-- 56 68 34 44 22 30 36 37 M0nm0uth...—....... 56 61 39 -- Reading 65 90 31 47 21 27 34 42 52 63 34 40 120 26 36 54 Southampton 54 58 33 40 i2B 32 46 Stroud Tewkesbury 65 74 30 42 30 38 44 Uxbridge 48 74 37 40 23 33 46 Wantage 5B 80 27 43 21 30 34 42 Warminster 48 64 30 44 20 28 34 45 Windsor _ Worcester—,...... 65 66 44 5! 31 31 50 LEWES 51ARKE1'.—June 26. White Wheat (per quarter)---X3 4 0 to £3 8 0 Red ditto Barley Oats New 1 1 6 _ 1 2 0 Pease _ 1 15 0 1 14 0 Oil Cake. 12 0 0 per thousand. 115 0 1 12 0 0 per th, HULL MARKET—June 26. Wheat, Old —s. 58s. 60s. New —s. 58s. 638. Foreign —s. 50s. 545. ln bond... —s. —s. —B. Oats, Poland —s. 20s. 2.2 s Old —s. —s. 248. Small or Feed.... —s. IBs. 20s —s. —s. —s. Foreign —s. 16s. 18s —s. —B. --sr. Barley, Norf. & Suf ... —s. 335. 365. Linc. & %Vold —s. 36s 383. Foreign - 6. --s• Beans 3os. 325. 31s. Foreign —s. 325. Sts. Pease, White... —s. 38s. 40s Grey —s. —s. —s• Tares —s. —s. —s. Foreign —s. 30s. 363. Rapeseed, in bond n0ne.......... Free, par last —l. 20/. 271. CHELTENHAM . Per Bushel. s d. to s. d. d. to d. Wheat Barley 4 0 5 6 Mutton Oats 4 0 4 3 Veal Beans Pease 5 0 7 0 Lamb 0 0 Hay 3/. lOs to 3/. 15s. Od. per ton. _ . A RKET.—June 26. Pei lb. DUMFRIES M A RKETS.—June 20. s. d. s.d. I. (t. s. d: Wheat, Imp. Bush... 7 0 to 7 8 Butter. 16oz 0 0 to 0 n Barley Oats ...., 2 3 2 6 Beef, per lb. . ........... 0 4 0 0 6 Flour, 1 Bb. 1 0 3 4 Mutton ....... 0 4 0 Oatmeal 1 9 2 0 Veal ....... 0 5 Potatoes, cwt. 1 4 1 6 Quartern Loaf 0 7 0 v FACTORY BILL.--The petitions a greed 01 1 at the County Meeting, two months ago, have, at length' been forwarded for presentation. The signatures, we at e told, are 138,652 ; the petiti ons measure 4,509 feet, a l , weigh 1801bs. The numb er o f s i gnatures from Lee d s a o its neighbourhood is about 30,000; Huddersfield, 19,60 0 ; FlAhfax, 18,100 ; Bradford, 15.000; Sheffield, 10,000.-"" Halifax Express. ' BIRTHS. On the 211th inst. the Countess of Radnor, of a son, still-bor n , On the 23d inst. at Holey hill, Rochester, the lady of capt 3l Thomas Baker of a daughter. of On the fith in at the Suffolk Asylum, Mrs. Kirkman son. ---• On the '2sth inst. at Brompton, the lady of Edward Gould, EN, a daughter. On the 2titit inst. at Southend, near Sydenham, Kent, the of Donald Mackay, Esq., of a daughter. MARRIED. i iig daughter Sutton, 0 1 1. 1 i i' v ' „ n d On the 26th, inst. at Northlieet, Robert Curteis, Esq., s" — e son of Robert Curteis, Esq., of Tenterden, Kent, to Carolirie, Mary, eldest daughter of John Russell, EN., of Manor.hou , Swanscomb, in the same country. Rector O the f jr2,.6,tclei aver n ß • r t e . t theoii Essex, ltey. ,os RobertarahN,Nroo secondd late Thomas Hayter, 1_14q., of Brixton, Surrey. DIED. C. On the 20th inst., suddenly, in Cross - street, Islington, M iss Main, of St. George's-road, Surre, ad 66. bir d On the 25th inst. a t Cotinan Dene, near Dorking, Maria, the On of Richard Bush, Esq., of the Lower Mall, Ilarnfo smith. .nst. in Leonard-place, K Mr. Charles on the 24th i, . --,-, Kensington, •• - Audits, aged 68. , sc. , On the 27th inst. in liork-street, Westminster, Mr. H• Joshua, in the 25th of his age. •dol l ' On the 24th inst., suddenly, Mr. Wm. Woo Wong!), of CO?, i j i On the 26th mst., suddenly, at Nutfield Rectory, SurWileo . his 81st year, the Rev. Edmunu Sandford, ED., formerly and Tutor of Jesus College, Oxford. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY MURDO YOUNG,AT SUN OFFICE, 112, STRAND, LONDON. I I