The Sun. — London, England, 1853-10-18 00:00:00

ber of :ercises rt the es who other var of in the equip ndling used. iew in- been it will The blood, be ac- Lsisted rmans jour- Poles p, and its for meet- ticism wised es and Polish nskets hamp- Tur rmed, leave ociety set in Polish ached iy left Polish rt. I )f the long )-day. war lared. beats. ,r our alarm Ad of 3 OC' reign &roe corn' The have aide% best MONEY MARKET AND CITY INTELLIGENCE. CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were estimated at 8,000 bales, of which 2,500 American were taken for export and on speculation. The market closed firmly without alteration in prices, except American, at 51d. to 61d., which were id. per lb. higher. The sales comprised 6,500 American, 300 Pernam and Maranham at Gid. to 7-.41., 30 Bahia at 6d., 200 Egyptian at bid. to 81d., 700 Surat at lid. to 41sd., and 40 Sea Island at ls. 6d. to is. 9d. per lb. Railway Shares were dull at lower prices. A vessel, the Undine, has arrived from Van Die n:Ales Land. She brings dates to June 16, but 'whether there is any gold on board is not yet as certained. In the accounts from Mexico there is some inte resting information respecting the grant of land to the American Company, and Mr. Gadsden's in istructions thereon. The Eco del Comercio of Vera Sri, observes : " We already intimated, in our editorial of the day before yesterday, that if the good result of the mission Which the American Minister proposes to affect at this government is to influence the harmony and concord of the relations which exist between Mexico and the re- Public of the North, we see that it is very possible those relations may alter, because the projected propositions can by no means be made agreeable to Mexico. "In the first place the concession of a strip of our territory at the thirty-second degree of latitude, for the Purpose of constructing for the United States a railroad to put them in communication with their possessions in California, presents inconveniences of such a nature that the imaginary advantages of which the use and profit of the, road would be in common to bcth countries teith er offer nor can offer an adequate compensation to the prejudicial eflects which Mexico would sustain, even Without referring to the question of many accessory c omplications, but supposing the proposition limited to the concession of the land. "The Echo then proceeds to grant, that under the faithful administration of the affairs of the road the government of Mexico, in common with that of the * United States, would enjoy the advantages of conduct ing troops, correspondence, baggage, provisions, and Anything else required for the public service, at half the usual rates, as well as other a d van t ages. B u t on th e other hand it contends "With the cession of the land for the railroad the government would not secure advantages for Mexicans. Our relations with the northern republic by land are reduced to nothing, and it cannot be otherwise when Mexico wants interior roads by which to convey, at little cost and with speed, the products of the United States consumed in our country. "And it, roceeds to argue that as at present, neither by way of Matamoros nor through El Paso, foreign imports are introduced into Mexico, for the reason just assigned, so they would not be introduced by the rail way, but still by Vera Cruz and Tampico. " Surely here is a cause for deep reflection on the narrowness of the scope with which such a vast under taking as the Pacific Railroad is regarded in the very country of all others whose salvation depends on the power of its inhabitants to appreciate and prosecute corresponding and subsidiary undertakings. "The Eco goes on to say that for the Mexican Go vernment to consent that such a people as the Americans should traverse its most thinly populated and undefended frontier, would be tantamount to consenting to the loss of the nationality of the people. That is a fear that May as readily be excused as it may be removed by ap propriate provisions. "After this the Eco overthrows its own objections as %0 th e possibility of introducing imports into Mexico by the railway, by admitting that with all the difficulties said expense smugglers would do it to such an extent as to keep the treasury empty." The transactions in the English stock market hive been principally for money, and advantage is l _ a gain taken of the decline that has occurred since 141 It Week to make investments. It begins to be fitted, therefore, that an energetic course of action w ou ld not be a subject for fear, and that war has no terrors to powerful nations united as are T rr , g L an4 and France. Consols have been 912 4 for e 914 for Account. The present rates 01- 11 :" 9 4 11, after having been rather sellers at k Stock is quiet at 216 to 218. The south Sea Ne w A nnu iti e s realis e mi. The New Thr ee - an the Three d - a-Quarter per Cents. are 92a to 4, and have per Cents. 904 to 904. E xc h equer Bill s been quoted 4s. to Bs. premium, and India 58. discount. In the Foreign Bonds there is very little doing. Mexica n are steady at 24, and Equador have risen to 54 I. Milian Six per Cents. have been quoted 100 i, Buenos Ayres 58, and Brazilian New Four and-a-Half per Cents. 96i. Spanish' Stock i s worth 212. Dutch T New Deferred Cents. a re 63 i. w 'arid-a-Half per In English Railway Shares there has bee n less doin g , an d the quotations, consequent ) 'muc h e _ sent no cha nge o f importance. Great Wester n rather bett er , an d also Caledonian ; est- South-W are ern. are somewhat feeble. Norfolk are well sus tained. Th e F rench lines have been steady, al though n o t active. Namur and Liege are well supported. The Australian Gold Mine Shares have been quiet. The Imperial Brazilian have advanced. The shares of the Australian Agricultural Land Company are still in request. The Peel River also are good. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY. (Prom the Official List.) Business done . Bank Stock 2 Per Cent. Reduced Annuities 9 oiiiii 3 per C ent. Consols Annuities 9liiiiiii 3.,Jer Cent. Annuities, 1726 32 Biliii ' e w 31 per Cent. Annuities 1 14°1, g An uities, Expire sth Jan., 1860 lkta Bonds, n £lOOO . ..... ~....... ............ bit under 21000 5 d 4 p South Sea New Annuities 3 per Cent. Annuities, 1751 100 i 91 i i 6, B E xchequer Bills, 2d. £lOOO 400 p Small 4 8 48p , P RICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY. zrazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent 'nlie , Ditto New, 1852, 4. per Cen t 961 llos Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent 5B ehilian Bonds, 6 per Cent Equador Bonds Mexica n 3 per Cent. S Ditto 4 per Cent '97 Danish New Deferred, 3 per Cent. 2li Dividends on the above payable in London. El f , L- 1 1 Exchange, 2. per Cent. 12 Gu11..,., 631 Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates .. _ THREE O'CLOCK. Consols Ditto October. Account 9l MARKET NEWS-(THIS DAY.) COLONIAL. 113a. A 31 . There are no public sales to-da but the Th arket l oo k s rather heavy. Refined low brown y, lumps are 44.8 6cl t o 45% and scarce. * A cargo of yellow Havana,.No . 11 1, ha s b een sold at 22s 9d. The quantity of British Planta tion landed l as t wee k a t th e E as t an d West Ind lakl?)calcs was, 1,569 hhds, 135 tierces, 779,barrels; there were 76 en for home consumption 1,405 hhds, 151 tierces, uarreia. The stock barred same places is, 13,327 hhds, 2,169 tierces 4,552 , C C:: no change. ::- ...... —There is Native Ceylon is at 46s to 4 6s 6d. per cwt. This article is in more demand, and firmer. Vlult."--The quantity landed last week at the East and est India Docks was, 436 puns, 15 hhds ; there were_ takenl., for home consumption 210 ' 4llB ' 8 hilds• The tk • the places is, 9,306 FM, 161 hhds. 41U soc in same puns, and exported, 65 ,tiltieß--Of 1 ,740 bags Bengal offered by auction, only „0 bags sold at 15s to 15s 6d, the rest being taken in at Ail; to 16s 6d for fine. 1,730 bags Madras were all taken Comings ll at 13s 64 to 14s, and a few lots at 14s 6d for pinky and at 4,3 B oB lP o ß 3 rr os nE. grain. To wn 623 —At auction 1,750 bags Bengal partly sold 6 :KI . for . fin . l e s , 1/ to 3. 1 per cent. refraction. ALLOW--P•Y C • 58 6(1 2 per cwt on the spot, and TzA.--The market is firm. RAY MARKETS. ditt o , EiltTßFlELD.—Meadow h 3/ 10s to 5/ 158 ; clover . , 4/ lOs t o 6/ 6, ; ay, 1/ 10n to 2/ Os per load. fair and straw, r average supply, and a sluggish demand. ver ru,Ct_uMBRRLAND.-31eadow hay, 3/ 15s to 5/ 15s ; clo . -- Ai 41 8 3 to 6/ Os ; and straw, 1/ 12s to 2/ 2s per load lipply but moderate, and trade firm. _„urritoriApEt.---- Trade d ull, at te Meado ha 3/ 10 t 8; clove y r y„ s ' ll4 °, 4/ Os to 6/ 68 ; and straw, 1/ 12s to o 2/ 5/ 28 15 per load r la rates. ASSESSED TAXES. It been erroneously stated that the reduced duties onsaervants take effect from the ion 10th inst., the fact being that they come into operation at the beginning of the next fiscal year (April G, 1854)) and not until then. °l)Usa.—The advices from Odessa report continued firmness in Per q ua ff were enormously high, as 11 Thch as 255. per quarter being paid for wheat. ~„„.TH CROLEEA IN MILLBANX Pntsox.—Yesterday .„,,'"-Lr. tedford held two inquests on the bodies of Hannah 'Ll,eads aged 63, and John Albin, aged 24, both convicts, Who had died of cholera in the gaolthe former after z.1:1 illness of only two hours and a halfs duration. From the evidence it appeared that every assistuice that cal skill could devise Was rendered to the deceased ; n and 4 verdi ct f cticy b ° ied from Asiatic Cholera" was returned 1 • 1 -QUA Nes. -~_ ~-~ CLOSING OF THE PRESTON MILLS. TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND PERSONS OUT OF EMPLOYMENT. (From th,e Northern Daily Times.) On Saturday afternoon the various mills in Preston and its vicinity, in which the notices to the hands had expired, were closed, and upwards of 15,000 additional persons are thus left without employment. On Friday and Saturday, no less than 36 mills were closed, and if we add the number closed for a few weeks previously (10), we have a grand total of 46 mills now absolutely closed, and in which there is an entire suspension of manufacturing operations. There are yet running four mills, which are under notice to close, so that in a few days the number of mills closed will be upwards of 50, only eight mills in the whole district continuing opera tions. The number of mill hands at Preston is estimated at about 30,000, and the number who are now walking about the streets of Preston without employment is set down at from 20,000 to 25,000 persons. The amount of wages paid weekly at the various mills now closed is stated to have been from 12,0001. to 13,0001. The immediate withdrawal of so large an amount must operate very injuriously on the trade and general business of the town. To enable the large number of human beings who are now without employment to exist, the committee of the operative union proposes to pay them weekly a sum of 4,0001., and they allege their funds are sufficiently strong to enable them to continue this payment for some weeks. In the meantime dele gates are to be deputed to visit all the principal towns in the kingdom, to solicit assistance from the operative classes of those towns, to enable those of Preston to prolong their struggle with their employers and to compel them, if possible, to yield the 10 per cent. on present prices. Thus far we have indications of an obstinate and ruinous struggle, rendered less likely to be brought to an amicable or speedy conclusion by a strong belief on the part of the hands that the mas ters cannot long afford to keep their mills closed, and a feeling on the part of the masters, amounting almost to a certainty, that the necessities of the hands, when without employment for a few weeks, will bring them to their senses, and induce them to submit not only to the terms which they now propose, but to any which they may then think fit to insist upon. This is the present position of the unfortunate mis understanding, which has arisen between the employers and the employed at Preston, and until either party succumb, or some arrangement is come to, even supposing the union is enabled to continue the payment of 4,0001. per week, the business operations of the town must suffer to the extent of 8,0001. per week, or in the ratio of the very large sum of 400,0001. per annum. The pro spective loss of this sum and the difficulties in which it must involve shopkeepers and others have necessarily caused a great deal of excitement amongst persons in business, and they are not slow to attach blame to all parties who have taken any part in producing the present crisis. The general feeling, however, seems to be that, if some slight concessions on immaterial points on the part of the masters and men were made, the strike, or rather "lock out," as it is now called, might be speedily terminated, and business allowed to resume its usual course. On the other hand, the operative classes, not alone of Preston, but of several towns in Lancashire, Cheshire, &c., are favourable to the course taken by the " lock-outs," and have determined to support them to the last. So far as the trade of Preston is concerned, this was clearly exemplified on Friday evening, when a meeting was held at the Far mers' Arms, at which 15 trades were represented, com prising steam-engine-makers, boiler-makers, mechanics, tin-plate workers, stonemasons, bricklayers, joiners, flaggers, slaters, &e. An unanimous resolution come to was, to support the lock-outs to the best of the ability of the various trades, and a form of placard was drawn up, announcing to the public the determination of va rious trades to do so. After the closing of the mills on Saturday, owing to the extreme wetness of the day, no demonstration on the part of the " lock-out " hands took place, but in the afternoon the bell-man was sent round, who an nounced that a meeting of the weavers would be held at the Temperance Hall at four o'clock. Should this morn ing, however, prove fine, a monster meeting is to be held on the Marsh, Preston. The amount of steam power now idle exceeds 2,000 horses, and the dispute is stated to have resulted from a difference relative to the payment of 11. per week in a small mill. STATE OF TRADE. The accounts of the state of business in the manufac turing towns during the past week show great general steadiness, the ill-advised strikes of the operatives having caused. a limitation of production at the precise period when the markets most required a lessening of supplies. At Manchester transactions have taken place to a fair extent, and prices are without alteration. The stoppage o the mills at Preston has excluded nearly 30,000 people from employment, and the masters at Burnley and Bacup have given notice of a similar step at those places on the 28th inst., by which a still larger number will be throw out. At Birmingham, although the quarterly meetings of the iron trade have ended without any actual advance in prices, the various firms are indis posed to take fresh orders at existing rates, the demand from all quarters being uninterrupted. The position of the coal trade still remains uncertain, owing to the pre valence of str i kes, but the masters hold to their deter mination not to yield. In the general business of the town there is undiminished prosperity, and the orders for machinery and agricultural implements are particu larly large. Considerable shipments of furnishing iron monger3r have been m a d e to Australia during the week, but the indiscriminate exports thither have been entirely checked. From Nottingham the report states the market to have been well supported by American buyers, but dull in other respects. Still there is no want of confidence, and in many departments more hands would be employed if they could be found. The tendency to strike seems, however, to have subsided. In the woollen districts there has been no variation. The check given to exports to the continent from the fear of war, and to Australia from the tenour of the last accounts, creates continued flatness, although here, as elsewhere, employ. ment is abundant, and the feeling regarding the future perfectly satisfactory, In the Irish markets there has been a reaction in the price of flax, while linen manu factures have remained dull at former quotations. ROYAL NAVAL BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION. Yesterday the ordinary quarterly court of the gover nors of this institution was held at ;the Thatched-house Tavern, St. James's-street, Vice-Admiral Lord Radstock in the chair. The court was also attended by Rear-Ad miral Sir Watkyn Owen Pell, Captains Richardson and Dickenson, Commander Marshall, Lieutenants Gardiner and Bedford, and by several other distinguished officers. Mr. Skead, the secretary, read the minutes of the last court, which were duly confirmed. . - Captain Richardson then stated that, having been ap pointed chairman of the occasional committee, he was now, from official experience, able to say that nothing could be more satisfactory than the manner in which the institution was conducted, and that no officer could be more painstaking than Mr. Skead, the secretary. These facts could not fail, be thought, to be highly grati fying to all the members of the institution. The report stated that the income of the institution for the last quarter had been 1,2131. 4s. ld., including 4611. 12s. 5d., the balance from the last audit ; 5421. 18s. Bd., interest on investments; and 2081. 135., the amount of subscriptions and donations. The expendi ture for the sane period had been 6461. 75., including the sum of 5471. expended in grants, leaving in hand a balance of 5661.175. id. The invested capital amounted to 36,1951. 12s. 2d. The report was unanimously agreed to, and a resolu tion was passed authorising the payment of a bill of costs due to the honorary solicitor. The Chairman then said that since their last meeting it had pleased Providence to deprive the country of two distinguished officers, who were also vice presidents of the institution. The loss of such men as the late Sir G. Cockburn and the late Sir Charles Adam was a sub ject of general regret. Their duty, however, now was to elect two vice presidents in their place ; and he thought that it would be advisable to name no gentle man for that office without a personal assurance that he ould be willing to serve. Some discussion here took place with respect to the necessity of electing a trustee in room of the late Sir G. Cockburn ; after which, On the motion of Sir Watkyn Owen Pell, seconded by Lieutenant Bedford, Rear Admiral I)undas was elected vice president, in lieu of the late Sir Charles Adam, K.C.B. A quantity of routine business was then gone through, after which the memorials of applicants for the relief of the institution were taken into consideration. A vote of thanks to the chairman terminated the pro- ceedings. THE NEW COMMISSION ON BANKRUPTCY.—The first meeting under the new commission appointed to inquire into the law of bankruptcy, will be held on the Ist of November. :~.~'- THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 18, 1853, SBABE M. 'THIS DAY. LANDLORD SEATS IN PARLIAMENT. Shr.lPaid, Closing Prices Leasing Compass. this day. London & N. West. ... ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• Do ••• ••• Do-- L. &N. 98 102 Caledou 4B 50 Gt.Nrthn l3B —l42xd Gt. Westn 30 32 Yk. New. & Berw. Y. &NMd Do Do Busbies! this day, (From the Daily News. ) Those who arc striving to get additional " land lord seats" in the House of Commons excuse their impudent claim by pointing out an alleged disparity between population and representation in towns as compared with rural districts. They grumble over the common-sense arrangements of our forefathers, who, wanting a body of intelligent and indepen dent men to make laws, summoned a certain num ber from towns, and another certain number from the counties. The towns being the centres of in telligence, activity, and wealth, have ever shown by results the wisdom of the ancient arrangement. Whenever a useful law has been passed, the town members will be found in the majority ; whenever any faction has striven to pass laws dangerous to the liberty of the people, to the progress of the nation, the town-members have ever been in the van of those who have preserved our freedom and prosperity. The re-actionaries who now seek to diminish the number of these town-members in the House of Commons would do so by diminish ing, after their own fashion, the disparity they de clare exists. But this talk about disparity itself is based on a false and fraudulent foundation. In calculating the county populations the Tory statists quietly "bag" all the inhabitants of unrepresented towns, and then coolly reckon them in as so many agriculturists ! The hundred thousand residents in Chelsea and Kensington, for instance, are shaken up with the strawberry-gardeners of Isle worth and the graziers of Enfield-highway as so many ill-used, half-represented tenant farmers. So with the townsmen of such places as Burnley, of Birkenhead, of Newchurch, of St. Helen's, of Chorley, of Over Darwen—all are duly entered as " rural populations." Just the same trick is played again in Yorkshire, where the honest townsmen of Barnsley, and Keighley, and Don caster—nearly forty thousand strong—are clapped into the totals and classed as so many quiet vil lagers. Everybody else always supposed the places we have mentioned, with many others we are about to name, were towns—and towns, moreover, de serving Parliamentary recognition as such. "No such thing," say the men who, with eyes behind their heads, would always persuade us to go backward instead of forwards. "No such thing— the people living in these places are unrepresented farmers, for whom we want county seats. We will not let them have members of their own. Cer tainly not—that would not suit our purpose, how ever well it might suit theirs. Eut as we, the dominant landlord class, want a plea for more seats, we will declare the inhabitants of these centres of industry to be rural agricultural people, and make them a stalking-horse, for getting more re-actionary men into the people's House of Parliament." But this scheme once understood by the country will never be permitted to succeed. The Times may twist, and the Morning Herald exhort, the Globe be oratorical, and the Edinburgh Review be wordy and dull, but the people will refuse to be cajoled. Under any new Reform Bill worthy of the name all the towns we enumerated on Saturday as un represented will be provided with members, and this change, together with another we would name, would soon remove any such alleged " disparity" as the Tories have discovered. We have often urged that no borough with less than a thousand voters should enjoy a distinct and separate seat, but by linking four or five, or even six, places to gether, upon the Scottish plan, large and indepen dent constituencies may be secured. Every one of the following towns, for instance, is at least en titled to a share in the return of borough members to parliament —many of them, under an extended suffrage, might probably claim special members of their own : Gt.Wostn Do 107 -- 109 534 -- 544 27 -- 28 13i -14 i 24 —2hxd S. Eastern Do , (Norfolk.. L. & N. W. & Miclld. Stckton & Darlingt. Midland.. 2i - 3 -_-_ E. Count Do 59 - 61 L. &N.W &Ln&Yk Do Gt Northn Do 140 - 145 138 - 142 Lancash& Yorksh. ALMClean Stockt. & Darlingt Do dis 2 14,1 29 - 30 95 -- 100 :IGtWesi Format:ea. I t a u b s i e t : ( Colne, Lancashire 8,987 1,729 Leek, Staffordshire Brentford, Middlesex Sheerness, Kent Tredegar, Monmothshire 8,305 1,495 Runcorn, Cheshire 8,049 1,591 Burton-upon-Trent, Staffordshire 7,934 1,604 Torquay, Devonshire Stourbridge, Worcestershire 7,847 1,523 Spalding, Lincolnshire 7,627 1,503 Gainsborough, Lincolnshire 7,506 1,561 Accrington Lancashire Newton, Accrington, 7,481 1,316 Middlesborough, Yorkshire, N. R 7,431 1,262 Gosport, Hants 7,414 1,465 Preqcot, Lancashire Ryde, Isle of Wight 7,147 1,265 Chesterfield (municipal borough), Derbyshire 7,101 Redruth, Cornwall Penrith, Cumberland 6,668 Lowestoft, Suffolk 6,580 Newbury (municipal borough), Berks 6,574 Camborne, Cornwall 6,547 Traninere, Cheshire Ulverstone, Lancashire 6,433 Rotherham, Yorkshire, W.R 6,317 Rugby, Warwickshire Kingston-upon-Thames (municipal borough), Surrey 6,279 Alnwick, Northumberland Ely (city), Cambridgeshire Hinckley, Leicestershire Worksop, Notts 6,058 Sudbury, Suffolk Chelmsford, Essex 6,033 Saffron Walden, Essex 5,911 Workington, Cumberland 5,837 Bideford (municipal borough), De vonshire Dartford, Kent 5,763 Middleton, Lancashire 5,740 Maryport, Cumberland 5,698 Halstead, Essex 5,658 Brixham, Devonshire Ormskirk, Lancashire Whittlesey, Cambridgeshire 5,472 Nantwich, Cheshire Worthing, Sussex 5,370 Hindley, Lancashire 5,285 Bishop Stortford, Herts 5,280 Hitchen, Herts 5,258 Leigh, Lancashire 5,206 Woodbridge, Suffolk 5,161 Kettering, Northamptonshire 5,125 Exmouth. Devonshire Oldbury, Worcestershire Selby, Yorkshire, W. R. DWeewllsibougrby, Yorkshire,o rongh,Nortlia w. m r p it tonshire 5 5 ;0 0 3 6 3 1 5,019 5,013 5,002 Radcliffe,T ß e m ig g n i e n i .Y o iI Y .L t 11:,: i 1 D:e i s i v i h r o i e i u:: Devonshire B . Skipton, Yorkshire, W. IL 4,962 Barking, Essex Hornmstle, Lincolnshire Ware, Hertfordshire 4,882 Nuneaton, Warwickshire 4,859 Os westry (municipal borough),Salop 4,817 Abergavenny, Monmouthshire 4,797 Cowes, Isle of Wight 4,786 Southport, Lancashire Goole, Yorkshire, W.R. 'Dalton-in-Furness, Lancashire 4,683 Atherton, Lancashire Hexham, No r th um b er l and Wellington, Salop 4,601 Faversham (municipal borough), Kent Tunbridge, Kent 4,539 Todmorden, Yorkshire, W.R 4,532 Otley, Yorkshire, W.R 4,522 Padiham, Lancashire 4,509 Crewe, Cheshire 4,491 Altrincham, Cheshire . South Molten (municipal borough), Devonshire 4,482 Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire 4,465 Daventry (municipal borough), Northamptonshire 4430 Bromsgrove, Worcestershire. ...... Bishop Auckland, Durham Beccles, Suffolk Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire 4,391 Barnard Castle, Durham ...... ~ Chepstow, Monmouthshire .... Basingstoke (municipal borough), Hants Wigton, Cumberland .............. 4 244 957 , Bradford, Wilts... 4,240 973 Warminster, Wilts, 4,220 872 March, Ca mbridgeshire........ 4,171 731 Eccles ' Lancashir e 4,108 746 Ashford, Kent 4,092 737 Here is surely enough for the present to show not only that the Tories have swelled the ranks of their " half-represented agricultural class," by a wholesale metamorphosis of town into county-but sufficient also to show that there are quite enough unrepresented towns in England alone to meet all difficulty about-What must be done with any town seats that may be at the disposal of the House of Commons ? Town 1,455 1,232 1,307 1,265 1,362 1,174 1,187 1,249 1,269 1,103 1,119 '835 1,302 1,350 1,322 1,280 1,204 1,173 1,360 1,101 1,033 1,179 1,242 1,236 1,179 911 1,239 1,120 964 950 907 979 968 1,015 993 1,125 995 944 814 878 884 575 963 ROUEN.—The letters from Rouen mention that the market for manufactures was steady, prices having throughout the week been well supported. UNITED STATES.—The accounts from the United States are again satisfactory as regards the tendency of the rate of exchange on this country, notwithstanding the large shipments of flour that were in progress. The present steamer has brought 120,0001., and an expecta tion appeared to prevail that the existing high rate of interest in England, by causing American stocks to be sent out for sale, would render a continuance of specie remittances necessary. Up to the present time the ex ports of gold from New York this year have been far below those of the corresponding period of the two pre ceding years. They have amounted only to 3,070,0001., against 4,223,0001. in 1852, and 6,252,000/. in 1851. On the other hand, the receipts from California have been larger than in former years, but their influence has been in a great measure counteracted by the withdrawal from circulation of the heavy sums, now amountifig al together to nearly 6,000,0001., in the treasuries of the Union, Business done this day. RAILWAYS. Bedford and Bletchley.... Birm. & Oxfd. guarantee.... Do. withoutgr Birm.Wolv. Dudley guar. Do. wtht guar. Buckghamsh. Clydesdale Jc. E. Lincoln gr. (3 per cent. Glstr.& Dn. Fr llrtlpl. Dk. & I Railway Hull & Selby Do. Shares. Do. 4 Shares. Lon. & Greenw Do. Preference Lowestoft gr. 4 per cent. Do. 6 per ct. Manch. Bxtu. and Matlock Middlesbro' & Redear - Midld.Bradfd, Northern and Easternsp.c. Do. 6 per et. Do. Fixeds p e Prest. & Wyre Do. i Shares. Roystn.& Do.Shepth.St Shef.Rothand Goole g. 5 p.c. S. Staffordsh. Wear Valloygr 6 per cent Do Wilts&Somrst, . , ' 4 lotrb *I. : . 4tir f ' i t , 4 40 / 1 4. 40 7 :44 WARWICK RACES. (THIS DAY.) (BY ELECTRIC TELEG.RAPIL) SWEEPSTAKES of 5 Soya., One Mile. Priam the Third Five ran. WELTER CUP. Janey Sally Six ran. GREAT WARWICK HANDICAP Little Fawn Annie Sutherland Angelo Eight ran. COMMITTEE STAKES. g by Sir Isaac Seven ran. Course very heavy. KELSO RACES. ENTRY TOR CALEDONIAN CUP.—Goorkah, Black Doc tor, Dick Turpin, Itch, Mary Aislabie, Friar's Hall, Haricot, Balrownie, Forest Queen, Tower. All here. ENTRY FOR QUEEN'S PLATE ; 4 Miles.—Goorkah, Black Doctor, Dick Turpin, Itch, Haricot, Balrownie, Bracey, Maley, Pride, Defiance, Audubon, baron Oswy, and Mary Aislabie. LETTER FROM KOSSUTH ON THE FO REIGN POLICY OF ENGLAND. DEAR SIR,—I have just received your letter of Sept. 22, wherein you do me the honou r of inviti ng me to at tend the town meeting of Stafford, called for' Monday next, with the view to memorialise her Britannic Ma jesty on the matter of Russian invasion of the provinces of the Turkish empire. Interests the most sacred and the dearest to me — as a man, as a patriot, as a friend of freedom, and a member of the great family of mankind—are intimately connected with the pending complication in the East ; and I owe, morever, everlasting gratitude to Turkey, for the noble and manly resolution of the Sultan, by which my life and the lives of my companions were saved from the bloodthirsty persecution of Christian despots, after my fatherland had been overthrown—not by Russian arms, but by the same policy of which the continuation—in deed, the second act of the same tragedy—now rouses your indignation. I can, therefore, assure you, sir, that I neither do nor shall neglect to exert all my activity to serve the legitimate interests of the Turkish empire ac cording to my best abilities. Therefore, glad as lam to see the citizens of Stafford intending to act in the same direction, I certainly would have thankfully accepted your invitation, were it not for the following two consi derations : Had I been called upon to address the citizens of Stafford on the subject, it would have been, from my position, impossible not to dwell upon the intimate con nection of the Turkish question with the prospects of my own dear fatherland, and upon the advantage which the cause of freedom might derive from Turkey effec tively supported in her resistance to the Czar of Russia and his confederates. Now, Sir, I know, on one side, that any particular explanation of that nature would certainly have been but an additional claim to the sympathies of the men of Stafford ; but, unfortunately, I have also reason to apprehend, on the other hand, that the inure successful I might have been in forwarding that cause, and in carrying that point, the stronger stimulus I should have given to the present English Government for pressing affairs to an issue such as the friends of justice, freedom, and humanity must deplore. Sir, by analysing the conduct of the English Govern ment during the present crisis, it is impossible not to come to the conclusion that it is not so much either by fear from, or by a particular predilection for, Russia, that the English Government has until now rather served than checked Russia's ambitious designs ; but that it is rather for fear lest, by encouraging Turkey to legitimate resistance, an opportunity might be offered to some successful popular rising in other quarters. I have, indeed, no hesitation to say that the policy of England has long sinco been 'Russian in its results ; though not Russian in its motives—it has been worse, it has been anti-liberal in principle. In 1848, Russia interfered against the popular move ment in Moldo-Wallachia by armed invasion, and thus prepared the way for the subsequent intervention in Hungary, as well as for the present occupation of the Principalities. England did not oppose it. Soon after, Russia interfered by arms i n H ungary, and gained by it an awful preponderance throughout the Contiisent of Europe. The Government of England had nothing to object to it. This Russian intervention being carried on from Turkish territory, was in itself the grossest violation of its independence. Turkey was made an instrument for Russian ambition and for Austrian oppression. It was permitted that the resources of Turkish provinces, provisions, money, means of transport, should be made use of by Russia in her attack on Hungary. The Aus trians, beaten, twice found refuge and means of attack in the same Turkish provinces : which was neither more nor less than a virtual resignation of the independence of Turkey. And the Government of England allowed all this to be done—nay, it checked Turkey in opposing it, by advising her "not to come into hostile collision lcith her STRONGER neighbours" —as the Foreign Secretary of England had the ridiculous politeness to style that Austria which we had defeated so often that she was no longer able to resist us without the aid of Russia, wbo, in her turn, had to strain every nerve to effect it. Now, Sir has the Engli s h G overnment d one a ll thi s , because it liked Russia's striding preponderance ? No ; it did it because it hated the popular triumph of what they call "the revolutionary principle." And now, once more, the Danubian Principalities are occupied, and their resources made subservient to Russia in her hostility against the legitimate suzerain of those provinces; and, again, the English Government is guilty, world, before God and the of' having permitted such piracy to be perpetrated without resistance. Was this done because England approved the seizure of Moldo w„llachi:, by the Czar? No ; but it was not opposed, because the English Government feared lest any resist ance to Russian aggression might lead some o f t h e oppressed nations to renew their efforts fo r f ree d om. That is the real clue to that policy, against which the citizens of Stafford are about to record their protest. The fatal incubus which weighs heavily on the foreign policy of your Government, is not so much love for the Czar as fear and hatred of democracy. It would be vain to dissimulate, Sir, that aristocracy and plutocracy, as leading elements, will always less fear the despot than popular liberty. This is the reason, Sir, that I must decline the honour of attending your meeting. I should not like, by my participation in that demonstration, to add a new stimu lus to your Government for persisting in its harmful direction. My second reason, Sir, for not responding to your kind invitation, is, that I have no knowledge of the practical purport of the resolutions intended to be sub mitted to the meeting. And this I take to be an essen tial point, Sir, because it is not enough to agree in the ultimate aim, it is equally important to come to a clear understanding about the most efficient means to attain that aim, and I should not like to be placed in a false position in that respect, out of delicacy due to the oc casion., lam led to this remark by the fact, of which I am well assured, that yuur Government was led into that inconsistency —which I and you equally deplore—by an endeavour to save Austria from her well-merited fate, and to help her to a position which, even were it con sistent with justice and right, as it is certainly not, would be impracticable. I know it, Sir, and can prove it if needed, that all the exertions of English diplomacy in the East have been not so much prompted by the wish to do what is advan tageous to Turkey, as by the consideration what might be least embarrassing to Austria. There are some who suppose that this ungrateful task might have been in spired by considerations which, however dear to some private relations, are certainly of no interest to the peo ple of England. But it is likewise founded upon a pre judice, blindly, without investigation accepted by exist ing diplomacy ; and that is, that Austria is necessary to Europe, precisely as a barrier for Turkey against Rus sian encroachments. Now, sir, I proclaim this to be a false supposition in the past, and impossible for the future. Austria never has been a barrier of Turkey against Russia, or else, how could it happen that in spite of that barrier, in a time when it was yet shaken by the universal discont en t o f a ll the nations which Austria rules, Russia has succeeded in extending her conquest upon Turkey on one side to the Kuban, on the other to the D anu b e ; nay, that she took even i n t o her iron grasp the estuary of that Danube, which is precisely the life artery of Austria herself ? Austria was never a barrier to Russia. She was her ally against Turkey in almost all her wars ; so m uc h so that even when she made a show of a mediation with even when she made a show of a mediation between Turkey and Russia in that war which ended with the treaty of Belgrade, she did it only to disguise her pre parations for joining Russia, as she is doing now again. When in 1828 Austria feigned a feeble oppo sition against Russia, it was only because the bribe of the leading Minister, which he had regularly re ceived from the Emperor Alexander, was withheld by Czar Nicholas ; the bribe returned, and the opposition vanished. No ! Austria was never a barrier of Turkey against Russia. It is in complete defiance at history to repress on her as a barrier ; and, even could she have been se in the past, she cannot be one in future ; for, after she had accepted the intervention of Russia—after the Hungarians had arrived at the consciousness of their strength, which enables them to destroy her when she is unsupported by Russia-- after Austria has aroused all her nations by oppression and treachery—after she has foolishly unrooted all her vitality —when she has no other support than an army of doubtful faith, one-half employed to watch and keep down the other half—after all this has happened, it is more than ignorance to believe in an independent Austria; it is a political blunder. Every sensible man in the world must feel convinced that Aus . tria can in no case act but as Russia orders her ; because by the hold which Russian influence has over the Scla vonic elements of the Austrian empire, and by the readi ness of tho Hungarian nation to accept any imaginable 100 . 811 BRITISH RAILWAYS. RAILwAn. Closing Prices this day. !Aberdeen Ambg. Nottng. Bost. and Eastn. Birming. Wolverh. Stour Va11ey...... .. Birkenhd. Lauesh. do Cheshire Junet Do. Chesh. & Birk., £5O and £25 Cons. Do., am.. ... Bristol and Exeter... Caledonian Chester dr Holyhead. Cork and Bandon Cork, Black, di Pass l Dublin&BelfastJune Dundee Perth &Aber deen Junction Do. New East Anglian Do., (£lB E & Eastern Counties Eastern Union, A Stock . Do., B. Stock IDo., New A..... East Lancashire East &West Ind. Dk Birming. June Edinburgh & Glasgow Ediub. and Peebles Edin. Prth. &Dundee Glasgow &S. Western Great Northern Stk. Do., A. Stock Do., B. Stock Gt. Sth. &West.(lre ) 1 Great Western Irish South-Eastern Lancaster & Carlisle Do Thirds I 'Laneash.andYorksh. o. , Fifths 'Da., Ws t. Riding Un Leeds Northern Liv. Crsby. &Southpt London & Blackwall Lond. Tilb. & Sthend. Loud. Bright Sc S.Cst. Loud. and N. Westn. Do. Fifths ILondon and S. Westn. Do., £5O Do., £4O Lndndrry& Coleraine Lndndny. & Ennisk. Manch.Shef.& Lineln Do., Man. & Lin. lin Midland Do. Birmng. & Derby Midld. G. West. (Ire.), Do. Half Shares Newcastle & Newmarket Do., Bury Extension. Nwpt.Aberg. &Hrfd. Newry & Enniskillen Newry Warrenpoint and Rostrevor. Norfolk Northn.Connties Un North British 'North Devon, No. 1. Do., No. Do., } A Deferred Do., 1 B Guaranteed North Statfordshiro 1 North Western N. & S. Westrn. June ' Oxford, Worcester, & Wolverhampton Scottish Central., IScottishMidlaud Shrewsbury &Bit hig. Do. L. & N. Western Guaranteed Shrcwsby. & Berea Shrewsby. & Chester (N. W. Min ; Do. Halveso. Do. Oswesti7. 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P. £2O Do. 6 p. c. Stock London and Brighton Guaranteed 5 p. c Do. Pref., 5 p. c. St. Do. Convertible, 5 p. c., 1652 Do. New Guar. 6 p. c. London & S. Western Con. Thirds GondondeiTy& Coler Shares 11 Lon &Ennis.iSh. 11 Han., Shot., & Lin., I Shares, No. 1. 11 Do. New, £lO 3 Do. X 6 lio.rypt.&Carl.4p.e Do. .q per cent Do Mid. Consol.6 p.c.St. Do. Cousol. Bristol &I Birm. 6 per cent Do. Pref. 4.3 per cent Norfolk Extension I Do. 5 p. c. Ext Do. Guar. 5.?, per ct , Do. Way. Val. 5 p. c North British North Staffordshire Oxford, Worcester, & Wolverh. £l5, 6 p. e , Do Shrews. &Birm.N.G. Shrewsby. & Chester (Nor.W.Min), 8 p.c Do. 5 per cent........ South Devon. Do. New S. Eastern (Reading Aun.) of £1 Os. 641. t Do. 44 per cent. Pre. I.Yorksh.4p.c.Guar. Waterfil.&Kilk.6p.c. York, Newcastle,and Berwick ,4 p.c. Pref Do York&N.Midlandli. and S. Purch ........ ) 20 - 21 4 - - 94 13 —ll (lis 16 - 18 1 5i - 4(t 93 - 95 1 49 - 50 1 15 - 16 1 13 - 15 1 43 - 45 71 - 8i 4i 4i 3 - 34 1 1i - 36 - 40 27 - 29 61 . --. 6 Ei --, 60 ii = ii 74 - 75 SO 52 124 - 126 99 -101 71i - 80 83 88 10 —12 p 61. 62 71) 7id 5 4i 12 1241 71 par Ipm 93 95 d 10* 192f1 - - 74 I 76 r 13 —12 d 12 lld 18 - 19, 554 - 59 33 - 35 50 -- 53 i a-- par 5i -- 401 _--1 47 - 50 4 - Ai l 25. ... 26} 8 101 ii - 6i 5,,(1 7i 71 par 2 j 36 - 38 87 - 89 55 - 57 62 - 64 GO - 65 - 14th 17 71 - 81 11. - 13 2 - 2'o 14 - 16 571 - 581 34 - 35 3 - 4 2i - 3i 14 15 i' : 6* 61 62 9i -- Eiil 44 4 d 44 -- 454 E SHARES. 7 leo lo - ... Xd) 6 -6, 31 - 4 41 - 5 4- 1 P i - lip - lip 13 -13 A 3 - 3 i iii :: 119 108 110 Par - S. 6} -- 7 99 -- 101 95 -- 100 95 -- 100 Ad par 135 141 ,• - •• 2 - 3 12 -•i~. G - 8 i f),' - .•. - ... 1138 - 140 41 22 -24 99 - 101 P - iPm l 94 - 104 16 —l7 9i -10 i 12 -- 14 par -- p 24 -2444 104 - 166 19 - 20 • -...(1 95 - 98 4t id FOREIGN. Antwerp&Rotterdam Belgian Eastn. June. Beziers to Graissessac Charleroi & Erquelin. Dijon and Besan. Dutch Rhenish .... , East Indian Do. Extension, Gt. Indian Peninsula Gd. Juliet. of France Gt Western of Canada Shares T Lucca & Pistoj a 5 p.c prof Luxembourg.... Do. (Railway).., Do. (Canal) Do. 6 p. et. pref.._ Lyons & Mediterran Madras Namur & Liege (witl interest) IDo. (ex interest) Northern of Frzinee Do. 201. 3 p. e Bds (f my. B. & Ams. Shs.) NorwegianTrankPref Paris and Lyons Paris and Orleans Paris and Rouen Paris and Strasbourg ParisCaen & Cherbrg Quebec & Richmond Rouen and Havre Royal Swedish Sambre and Meuse Sth- Eastrn. of France Southern of France Upper India Scrip West Flanders Do. 5i per c. Pref Western of France West. of Switzerland ,Zealand„ 3 11i P - i - 2 - 2 - 1(1 - ... - i - 6i - 7 ... - ... 33 - 33:1 124 , —13 i 7 8 15a 1G p 39 - - 2 -- 4'p 18 20 Si , id 1 P' 2 4 p ...p l 3 4 li 7 ti s j 3 - d i 3 la MIN: Agua Fria Anglo Austrin. Gold Anglo Californian Australasian Australian Australian Cordillera Australian Freehold Ave Maria Baden (Gd. Duchy of) British Austrin. Gold British Iron Brazilian Imp. (issued' at £5 pm Do. Cocaos & Cuiada Do. St. John Del Rey Carson's Creek ICobre Copper Colonial Copiapo Copper Min. of Eng Do. Pref. 74 p. cent English andAustrin Copper Smeltg. Co General Great Nugget Vein Do. Registered Great Polgooth Lake Bathurst Liberty Linares Lond.&Californ.Gold Quartz Crush. Co Mariqui to ffexicau&S.Americu New Granada Nouveau Monde Nova Scotia Mining and Copper Smeltg Port Philip Quartz Rock Rhymney Iron Do. New • Santiago do Cuba south Australian Tin Croft United Mexican ffaller • Test Granada ..„ ! West Mariposa Yuba 184 100 100 50 50 20 50 25 25 18 20 St. 100 too 100 100 100 100 100 all 11i 100 174 114 all 7 100 100 1.00 50 16i St. 20 14 50 40 25 25 812 s 100 - 100 47 17 all 100 7' 25 50 20 100 100 100 100 131 20 20 50 20 20 25 25 21s. 100 20 11§ 100 100 100 100 5 100 all 100 100 100 6 100 100 100 100 100 100 all 100 10 1.0.6 10 20 20 20 49/ 4 9 i 16 131 i 12 111 594 9 22 li 741 51 2 125 1001 1 1001 801 1 pm 62 li 2 1021 3 2i 5 4 4 i 15 - 58 i 61 2 71 451 99 8 10 i 11.5 140 2 101 99i lh 5} 23i 21 5i 14 14d Oi 334 all 100 all 100 , all all all all all 100 124 13i 20 20 12 100 100 183 9i ES. d— par 4 -1P 14d- dm 2i 4d d 6di td par ,t 7; d tij 4 5 2 23 333 343 • par 42 44 lO3 11 P 55 65 5 7pid 24 - 3 14 - 16 - 2i 2d A d 94 74 J— par 4 ••• - (1 7 31 —3/ d d JOINT-STOCK BANKS. 40 all Australasia 7O 72 70 30 all British N. American 20 2 Chrtd. Bnk. of India, Australia, & China Id par 100 25 Colonial 100 20 Commercial of Lond — 20 10 English Scottish and Australian 2d lid 20 15 Lond. Chart. Bk. of Australia par p 15i 1 50 20 London and County ... 50 10 London Joint Stock 22 24 231 100 20 Loud. & Westminster 33 34 20 2 London Bank of Aus tralia and India 50 221 National of Ireland — 25 all Oriental Bank of Corporation 25 5 Do. New 100 25 Provincial of Ireland 10 all Do. New — 5 1 Royal Anstraln.L'kg & Gold Imp Co dis— par 25 all South Australia 25 all Union of Australia._ 68 70 68 91 81 ... 21 Do. New . . ... . 50 10 Union of London__ 18 40 all Union of Madrid.... , MISCELLANEOUS 100 35 Australian Agricult. 34 36 354 541 20 12 Australsn.Pcific.Mail 10 8 Austrain. Royal Mail 50 38. Brit. Amorican Land 55 —6O xd 55 s d 100 32. 1 2 Canada ... 5 5 Crystal Pa1ace,.,,.,,. 1 —SP 50 4 2 Crystal Pal. of France 20 3 Eastern Steam.. ... . 1 1 Electric Toleg. of Ir — „. 15 14 Gen. Steam Navigat, 20 16 General Screw Steam 20 5 Irish Beetroot Sugar 1 all Nat. Pat. Steam Fuel 10 3 Netherlands Land l,l - Ad 20 10 Nrth.ofEuropeSteam 50 all Peninmilar & Oriental 691 50 25 Do. Do. 100 60 Royal Mail Steam 25 25 South Anstral.Lancl 33 - 35 1 all Submar. Telegraph 5 2 Univeral Emigration and Colonization , 100 281 Van Diemen's Land 1 . 4 A —15 i iii :-. 1511 LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY.) _ - LONDON, Oct. H.-- Wind this day at Noon, N. ; fresh breeze, and fine. RAMSGATE, Oct. 17.—The Iris, from Sarpsborg to liar fleur, in coming into harbour to-day, got ashore at the West Pier, but is expected off next tide. OFF HASTINGS. —Sam, Rio Janeiro. PORTSMOUTH, Oct. 17.—Wind, S.W., blowing hard. Arrived—Elizabeth, Chepstow, for Woolwich, with loss of bowsprit and decks started, having been in contact with the smack Queen Adelaide, which had her broadsides stove in. Cows, Oct. 17.—Wind, W.S.W. to S.S.W. Arrived —Albrua, Surinarn. SOUTHAMPTON, Oct. 17.—Sailed—Orinoco (s), West Indies. GRIMSBY, Oct. 17.—The Ann, from Cronstadt or Wy borg to Hull, which was stranded on the Sperm, has been got off, after discharging part of cargo, and brought in here full of water. TORBAY, Oct. 17. Arrived-3finerva, with loss of sails and bulwarks, and boats stove, during a galo on the 9th October. _ _ GLOUCESTER, Oct. 17.—Arrived—Worth of Devon, New York. Sailed—Mary Hannah, New Orleans; John Walker, Savannah. YARMOUTH, Oct. 17.—A brig, laden with patent fuel, got ashore this morning on the North Soroby Sand ; as sistance was taken, but having failed to get her off, she was abandoned ; the crew and some beachmen have since gone off to make another attempt. CARDIFF, Oct. 17.—The Reindeer, from Stockton to Bristonforry, arrived in Penarth Roads, was dismasted off Padstow, on the 14th inst. LIVERPOOL, Oct. 17.—The Wm. Money, arrived here from Bombay, experienced heavy weather, with shifting winds, Aug. 30 and 31, in lat. 13 N., long. 20 W., with apparently worse weather in the vicinity. APPLEDORE, Oct. 16.—Arrived -Rosetta, Dalhousie. PENZANCE, Oct. 16.—Wind, N.N.W. Arrived—Odin, St. Croix, for Copenhagen. BRIDGEWATER, Oct. 1 7.—Anived—Deutchsland, Memel, with loss of sails and bulwarks. WEST HARTEEPOOL, Oct. 14.—Sailed—Ada (s), Mel bourne. LONGHOPE, Oct. 14. —Arrived Seaflower, Davies' Straits. NEWHAVEN, OCt.l7.—lt has blown a gale from W.S.W. The top of a small case, marked " Keep thi s side up— Capt. Booth, b arque Planta," and several cocoa nuts, havo been picked up. SHIELDS, Oct. 16.—The Elswick, of Newcastle, has been towed in here, with loss of foremast, having been in contact off Yarmouth. QUEENSTOWN, Oct. IG.—Arrived--Ann Wise, St. Do mingo. GALATZ, Oct. 3.—The water on the bar at Sulina, on the lst inst., was 8 feet, English. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) LIVERPOOL, Tuesday, 1020 a.m. Wind, N.N.W., moderate, and fine. d Arrived—Orient, from New York; Montreal, Montreal; Conqueror, Quebec; Mary, Christiania; Mexico, Windsor, Nova Scotia. Off Port—Reward, from Hampton Roads. SOUTHAMPTON, Tuesday Morning. The steam-ship Hansa, one of the German lino of steam ships between Bremen and the United States, has put into this port for coals on her way from New York to Bremen. She left the former port on the 4th inst., and her advices have been anticipated via Liverpool. (BY SUBMARINE AND EUROPEAN TELEGRAPH.) GRAVESEND, Tuesday Morning. CUSTOM-HOUSE RETURN. Oct. 17.—Arrived—I no , from Guernsey ; C o bd en , G e fl e . Sailed—Vesta (s), f or iremen. Oct. 18.-,-Arrived —Armida, from Oran. Sailed—Minau, for Hamburgh. DEAL, Tuesday, 9.27 a.m. Wind, W., moderate and cloudy. Passed—Calcutta, from Port Philip for London, in tow; Nova Tantalira, London for Terceira ; Emily, London for Bahia ; Cambrian, London for J ama i ca ; A gincour t , Mar gat° Roads for Sydney. Sailed—Coldstream, Dalhousie, Lady Clarke, Spartan, James Alexander, Mirzapore, Bank of England, Queen of the East, Sir J. R. Reid, Daring, Anna and Fanny, Emily, Geelong, Marion, Paraguay, Africa, Sylph, Orion,. and Abu Banutityne. all all all all all 13.5 241 30 20 1 40 4R PAPE R - ? • condition to that a word fl may destroy JAW _ _ Yet, it is this AuAta wittis;ltice Government of mighty England is so anxitift to mbine her policy in the East ; it is this Austria which led England passively in all the negotiations hitherto carried on ; which have resulted in Russia's taking possessien of the two Turkish provinces, important in themselves, but more important yet as a strategical basis for further encroachments, and affording the sinews of war to Russia against the legiti mate suzerain of those same provinces. Why, Sir, the most untrained novice in diplomacy might have understood, that if Austria agrees to do something conjointly with England in regard to Russia, it is quite as much as if England acted conjointly with Russia herself, because Austria only can dare to do what Russia wills. If, therefore, in the resolutions to be submitted to your meeting, something might have slipped in by not taking into sufficient consideration the above-mentioned views, from which your Government, though professing to agree with your ultimate aim, might have derived a new pretext for persisting in its injurious and impracticable " coquetterie" with Austria, I, being present, should have found myself under the disagreeable necessity of raising my humble voice against it. Hence it is that, being unacquainted with the con tents of the resolutions, I could not accept your invi tation. hatred le is well aware her in 1849, Nevertheless, I cannot forbear from expressing the high gratification I feel in seeing the citizens of Stafford resolved to claim the constitutional privilege of express ing the public opinion of the people of England upon the policy of the Government ; whereby if past mis chief cannot be cured, at least its future increase may be prevented. Popular manifestations are, in my humble opinion, the more appropriate now, as Parliament is not sitting to express the will of the nation, and therefore the silence of the people might be used as an excuse for acting in a manner adverse to the people's wishes. I certainly never could understand how it is possible that the people of England —proud as they are of their constitutional rights, that is to say, of direct share in the management of public interests —could so readily submit to have almost no share at all in the direction of the foreign policy of the country. In home affairs mis takes of legislation may be cured by modifying or re versing them, and still the people would not endure the slightest measure to be introduced without its consent. But in foreign politics, where a single mistake may en gender irreparable mischief, the people are satisfied. to hear that it is incompatible with public interest to let the people know how its dearestinterests are disposed of. If your age, sir, claims the credit of civilisation and progress, it should not submit to imposition of worn out prejudices, the toleration of which can be only ex cused by the undeveloped condition of the popular in tellect. Amongst these prejudices there is none fraught with more mischievous results to all humanity than secrecy of diplomacy. Conspirators, Sir, may want secrecy, and weak nations may be excused for creeping by stealth into positions which openly they could not c l a i m . But, be sure of it, Sir, that, with a powerful nation, which should never claim but what is just and right, and which has the power to enforce its claims, the keeping secret the management of its national interests is the surest indication of there being " something rotten in the state of Denmark;" and that there must be ele ments in operation which are likely, if not to betray, at least to compromise, public weal. The practice of secret management engenders care lessness towards the most important political problems, in the solution of which a mighty nation has to claim a share, and that carelessness is always followed by popular ignorance of all the matters connected with foreign policy. It is upon such foundation that statesmen of high stand ing can dare to impose upon public credulity, by asser tions which history contradicts. Thus, it is possible that the English people have to hear Francis Joseph of Austria praised as the hope of the nations whom he op presses ; thus, it is possible that another statesman flatters the English people with the high sounding state ment that this country has stood forward many times " to maintain the independence of weaker nations, and to preserve to the general family of nations that freedom, that power of governing thenzselves, of which others sought to tltprive them ;" whereas, so far as history is the re cord of facts, scarcely a single instance is known of England's Government having used its interference for the triumph of popular rights. Certainly not in our age, and, least of all, in the case of Hungary, though that neglect was fraught with all the mischief which, if God and the people of Turkey will not prevent it, is just about to overwhelm the world. Thus it is pos sible that while, one day, one Minister of the Crown pledges his word that the immediate and complete eva• cuation of the Danubian Principalities is a condition tine qua non of any settlement; another day another Minister of the Crown reduces this condition, sine qua non, to the expectation that the " magnani mous Czar" will feel inclined to do so spontaneously. Thus it is possible, that while England's moral dignity is engaged in the support of Turkey, because it is England which advised Turkey not to yield to the arrogant dic tates of Prince Menschikoff—it is England which presses upon Turkey to sign conditions which, though more mildly styled in form, are the same in essence. And thus we come to the point that we may be doomed to see the boasted friendship of England for the Porte coming to the issue that England m a y i n t er f ere i n T ur k ey ju as Russia di just d interfere in Hungary, and fight the Turkish people for daring to resent the encroachments of Russia upon the honour of the Sultan, and the independence of his empire. _ Sir, nobody can charge me with having ever attempted, whilst I enjoy the protection of English laws, to meddle with any internal matter of your country. But the ques tion now pending in the East, is not a question belonging to Englandalone ; it is a question of mankind, of liberty, of civilisation, and particularly of the future of my coun try, and in such matters, I may well claim the right of having an opinion, and of expressing it. I, therefore, con clude by saying, th a t it i s w i t h d eep sorrow and in tense anxiety that I see the British Government taking a principal share in a line of policy which the course of events has already condemned, and which impartial his tory will undoubtedly pronounce to have been unbe coming the position of England, adverse to the interests of Great Britain and of humanity; inefficacious to achieve its declared design, inconsistent in its bearing, compromising those it intended to help, and helping those it professed to oppose. I am, Sir, with particular regards, Yours respectfully, L. KOSSUTH. William Peplow, Esq., Stafford. WAGES IN NEW SOUTH WALES. TO THE EDITOR OP THE . Sir,—l s en d you an abstract of the sum different rates of wages given at the Sydney branch of this establishmen t up to the 30th of June last : Agricultural labourers, 251. to 301. per annum, and rations. Bullock-drivers 301. to 401. per annum, and rations. Shepherds (single) 251. to 301. per annum, and rations. Shepherds ( marr i e d) w h ere w if e acts as domestic ser vant, or hut-keeper, 251. to 401. per annum, and double rations. Shepherds, with families of an age to shepherd and watch two flocks, 451. to 601. per annum, and three rations. Gardeners, 30/. to 401. per annum, and single ration. Married couples, as house servants, 40/. t o 50/ . per annum, and board and lodging. Married couples, as farm servants, dairy serv an t s , &c., 351. to 40/. per annum, and üble rations. Coachmen and grooms, 261. to 401. per annum, and board and' lodging. 00IINTEY MECHANICS. klacksmith s' 501. to 781. per annu m , an d ra ti ons or board and lodging. Bricklayers, 551. to 80/. per annum, and rations e r board and lodging. Carpenters, 50,:. to 65'. per annum, and rations or board and lodging. Wheelwrights, 50/. to 65/. per annum, and rations or board and lodging. Masons, 52/. to 65/. per annum. and rations or boar d and lodging. Millers, 50:. to SO'. per annum, and rations or board and lodging. TOWN MECHANICS. Black and white smiths, bricklayers, carpenters, masons, and the other trades connected with the building branches, 98. 6d. to 12s. per day. Brassfounders, ironfounders, and tinplate workers, 10s. to 12s. 6d. per day. French polishers, cabinet-makers, and upholsterers, 9s. to 12s. per day. (As much of the work in these trades is performed as piece -work, a sober and industrious man can add greatly to his pay by working additional hours.) Butchers and bakers, 9s. to 12s. per day ; or by the • year, 521. to 801., and board and lodging. WOMEN. Cooks, 201. to 401. per annum, and board and lodging. Farm and dairy servants, 151. to 181. per annum, and board and lodging. General house servants, 151. 12s. to 311. 4s. per an num, and board and lodging. Housemaids, 141. to 201. per annum, and board and lodging. Ritchenmaids, 161. to 201. 16s. per annum, and board and lodging. Ladies' maids-not wanted as such. Laundresses, 201. to 311. 4s. per annum. Nurses and plain needlewomen, 151. to 201. per annum, and board and lodging. Good needlewomen, 1/. to 1/. ss. per week, and board and lodging. A few ladies capable of teaching the accomplishments, particularly music, of which the "currency lasses" are devotedly fond, would meet with ready engagements, at salaries varying from 351. to 521. ; but they should e:ther go out under the protection of their friends or ob tain introductions to some of the numerous families of respectability in the colony. Much has been said and written against the desira bility of New South Wales as a field for the emigration of women, whether of humble or patrician birth, but a lengthened reside nee there has enabled me to affirm, that in no portion of the world is a well-conducted woman treated with greater respect, a virtuous woman more secure, snore highly thought of, or her advancement more certain, than in Now South Wales. I am, sir, yours most obediently, J. FREDERICK JOHNSON. New South Wales Labour Office, 28, Bridge-house-place, Southwark, Oct. 17. THE LONG VACATION.—On Monday next the long vacation will terminate, when pleadings in actions in the superior courts will be resumed. The Common Law Procedure Act has diminished the force of the vacation. axe ii to 3 tries dral sited