The Sun. — London, England, 1853-06-10 00:00:00

.ONEY MARKET AND COMMERCIAL .INTELLIGENCE -{THIS DAY.) CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. The sal es o f cotton at Liverpool yester d ay were Shr, estimated at 6,000 bales, of which 1,000 American - were take n for export and on speculation. The market c l ose d tamely. The sales comprised 5,000 ' c ,, American, 150 Pernam and Maranham, at 6gd. to 7d., 60 Bahia at Gld, 200 Egyptian, at WA. to l', 9 2d., 500 Surat, at 31d. to 411, and 10 ' Sea Island at 18. 9d. t o 2s. per lb. Railway shares were very 31 depressed, at a decline of 1 per cent. in all the leadin g stocks. 27 In the produce markets this week less buoyancy , has prevailed. Of tea the clearances are still ex ceedingly large, and this diverts attention from purchasers. Sugar has been rather duller. Tallow Pee ps firm. In cotton there is no change. Spices have been in good request generally. Rice is rather dearer, and saltpetre much the same. Senor Echenique, President of Peru, has issued 25 a most i mportant decree relative to the navigation of the Amazon and its branch in the eastern por- 18 tion of Peru, and the privileges granted by the 2 0 said dec ree to foreign settlers. The following is a 25 silluinary of that document :- 25 " Arti c l e 1 d eclares that in conformity with the treaty 25 between Peru and Brazil, of 23d October, 1851, and during the tine it is in force, St. the navigation of the Amazon as far as the port of Nauta, at the mouth of the Ucayali, is 50 opened to the navigation, traffic, and commerce of the St. vessels and subjects oeßrazil. 10 2 . Subje c t s an d c iti zens o f o th er na ti ons w h o have St. t reaties with P eru, on t h e same terms as the most favored St. nations, are entitled to th e same p r i v il eges as the Bra zilians. St St. " 3 • For th e purposes o f t h e t wo f ormer ar ti c l es , the St. Ports of Loreto and Nauta are selected. St. "4. In c on f orm it y t o th e law of the 20th November, St. 1852 no duties are to be paid on exports or imports from 12 the said ports, on merchandise or native produce, except 50 the municipal dues, required for the objects of local 164 utility. `' St. 5 . The exploration of the rivers that run into the 20 A mazon -m will be made by Government steamers, constructed 14 and employed expressly for the surface. 50 t1;. 1 , 6 ' 7 '. B ' 20 and 9 relate to the subdivision of districts and . ppointment of governors. 11. " 10. The Governor-General has power to grant to all 10' Who desire to establish themselves in those localities, grants St. of land of from two to forty fanegadas of land, in proper- St. tion to the means and numbers of the settlers. 20 " 11. Governors can in the same manner, grant from 10 two to four fanegadas " 12. Larger free • Governm en t . grants can only be had from the : 0 42 " 13 * All grants made by articles 10 and 11 are void, .if the lands are not cultivated and settled upon within 25 ei ghteen months. St. 1 4. In larger gr ants the time for selling and improving 812 s Will be stated St. 15. Th e Peruvian gove rnment binds itself to give to c° , l°llist a, who arrive at either of the abo ve p orts for the S,,t; - otir i rp s bnotsais, free e r o e f sertteli conduct to nginthevalleys of the Amazon and its ,``' their destination, as also grants 100`" seeds and implements. " tiers l6 an A. national ship shall be provid ed to conve y set- S,t., to settle foreign emigrants to the point wher e the y intend 2'5'4 50 "17. In conformity with the law of the 21st Nov. 1832, 20 cultivated land and buildings shall be exempt from taxes, Md. vated every privilege land ther conceded to the possess ors of un- St. culti . of term" lB . The ne w se ttl ers shal l l e rgy dues, and shall further pay no contributions for the ter m Mat e d be twenty years, nor c ex empt from the use of stamped papers , bein g per t° use common paper for petitions and contracts. 19. All the milita and civil pensioners of g overn we nt, not on actual servi ce, can avail themselves of these privileges. u , Bbrne " 0 Governnient will facilitate the passage and estab nt of clergy to the news ettlements. " 21. The new settlers can establish their own irunicipal l'egulations, subject to the approval of the Governor. i l 22 . Also th e i r j u d ges , until such time as Congress can egislate upon the subject. , " 3 to 26 relate to the present Governors of the dis -I°4'3 the op en i ng of roads from various points, &c." Money is still reported easy among the bankers, a nd; under the minimum rate in Threadneedle re et• The activity of trade, nevertheless, ab sorbs cons i derable sums. O n th e C o ntinent cash i'S abundant, and one of the first indications of d positive alarm will be its becoming scarce an -Stoarded. tein,lT.gheeZnods have e. been depressed owing to the in f th© English fleet f h av av ou in r g ab ws) however, is in truth a sta leftle r cu m - Con -lice ' the Russians had not since it shows an understanding to act in concert with France, and as crossed the Pruth up to the latest date, d tie a l te, see o n u e r n aval forces would spe beenedily arrive ° f action. Consols havedone at 981, 4 , 11 d since 98. They are .nowagaince9BL!-. have been Th ree - an d- a -Quarter per u - ceri marked 1014 i, and the 3 per Cents. 984 to 99 5 - Bank Stock is supporte d at 229. Exchequer B ills a re up to Gs. and B s. premium, and India fonds have been 3 2 5. premium. South Sea Old Annuities bring 100 k. Foreign Stocks have been all more or less de- Pressed. Spanish Deferred Bonds have been tnarked. 23i 4-, and the 3 per Cents. 481. Portu ese 4 per Cents. have been down to 49. The niolders are wisely refraining from converting, and , sn 'uld, without delay, communicate with their -el : nli ttee, which will issue certificates for the 25 rea„"nt. hitherto deducted. Mexican Bonds are , o Apedatt 27i ; Dutch Four per Cents. have urAllte° 64/- ii and Russian from 118 to 117. are down Ita-lvay Wolverhampton, 10s. Io M I about 10s. • Shares are worse. Caledonian Midland, diosrks. ; Oxford and Geat Northern, and Great W . estern h a a n v d e B si n fla ic r k l; declined. The Gold Mines little d • are rather cheaper, with very e doing, The Land Companies lower. have Ave Maria Gold Quartz Mining Company .vai-utivuearbzeived advices that a large quantity of the n as shi quartz adverted to in p r evious letters m PPing to E ng l an d , per "Ell e n Simpson,'" _ ur that th e necessary foundations an d water u°. ses for th e mac hi nery were procee di n g with 'vigour. 50 20 20 25 25 20 20 50 20 BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY. (From the Official List.) B u siness done. llal* Stock ... ........... 229 Per Cent. Ited . n . ce .. d . . Annuities .....•••• •"••• shut 8i New Cent. Consols Annuities 1011 i I India ''' 3 1 per Cent. Annuities Stock. . . 32 . India, Bonds ... '46 .. .... g.,_l),itto, under £lOOO 32 Co nsols Sea Old Annuities 98i 8 i 8 1 ~onsols for Account Exchequer Bills. ' ,100.0 _. Bilis, Id. ..... 68 5 P '5OO ............................... . Small ...................... ..................... PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS . kastri a DAY. II .an Bonds 5 per Cent: .... ....... ..... _ Ilzilian Bonds.' 5 per Cent , h bitt e N ew, -., 1682 4A per Cent 5 per Cent lOl Gr .. ; itt° •Ilew Bonds, 1829 & 39, Gre nada ilada Bonds, Ex. Dec., 1849, Coupon 22 Mexic an Bo nes, Deferred _ V9an 3 per Cent. 27.1 I,e_ltto for the Account 85:4 PeiT_vian Bonds, 43 p er Cent. 391 Ithgnese Bonds, 4 per Cent. 118 17 $ 3144 Eonds, 5 per Cent. 1024 3 2 i ,ztrpto 43 per Cent. 933 2i $ pauln Bonds, 5 per Cent.... 481 , tr ish 13 °W 1 8 3 per Cent Eiwe't.to New D'eferred, 3 per Cent 231 A 3 . li 2 li 2 ichs Lush Loan ......••• '''' ............ ... ..... '' lute . bividenda on the above payable in London. ,p. Exchange 23 per Cent. 96 5 I ' 4, 4 per Cent. Certificates Cons ols for O pen i ng 19th July TffREE O'CL OCK. 98 ii x d IMTY ON GRASS SEEDS. %I t TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. ' 'ertl/1::"; it i s, Perhaps, not generally known that Go kid t has decided on repealing the duty on clover Go t' e ther grass seeds. The following letter addressed . t his 1}:1411-1,es Matheson, through whose instrumentality e nabi °4 nas been conceded to the agricultural interest, o shes the fact . ~,,r _ "Treasury-chambers, May 14, 1853. laig to dear Sir James,—l have much pleasure orm lillest t that we have been able to comply with your re `ho ° r epeal the duty on clover and other grass seeds , tVA th e • In their behalre much is nearly 40,000/. The e tT, lts • s. in sacrifice of revenueindebted to you for your ~ , " Believe me very truly yours, Sir a " JAMES WILSON. atdeB Matheson, Bart-, 31 • P•" Leri d a —,, on a m , Si r, I , J une D. D. T. ROI L WAY INTELLIGENCE. Woi t " i te ailli t ;r:ti declared the the AND HEREFORD RAILWAY. Pre o. t h* liouse of Commons axobleyesterday__The commit of this (narrow-gauge) l oved . , d wit a h u o g u e t ceet:ePrornotecl by the ' Great Western, and or addition, rejecting thbeillrivpar This decision r' and Wolverhampton Companies. Omx'fxoerd,gWor the' ° , l . course, have a tendency to check the sprteeadd by the 11,111e,c1-gauge. Should the decision be suppor _ _. 1 °r 'ts the London and North-Western and . Mid_ a 'nd Co ' • dietri_, ropanies will have free access to ct n '''s. of South Wales. The importance of sucha vieunication to these companies cannot be overrated,. eo e SPuth Wales will in it li s turn be placed in direct n necti o Iti rna . i _o, on an unbroken gauge, with manufacturing lierg l i n d g u arc and the Midland counties. —Morning i rtit Iv been ETMourEt RAILWAY.— Animation has, at length, lir restored once more on this most neglected line. to A Z hundred men are Positively at work between this of theall.d Dorchester, and there appears to be a chance ----the trine being finished by the end of the present year h ope mine specified for its completion. We sincerely most er e another surntner brightens, Weymouth, like li ne cp_ocr fashionable watering -places, will boast of a of h er r ail, and then we shl have golden anticipations Welfare.—Shei'bOrne T ournal. Asti f i c a p % .Itor.Ao,, boo' F reP fl; akell li ar di°ll 11 asss aor, o p! f{fior Oa ard ( 0 151 ;0.‘10 . , ° 6 O P '? I t i t oB r the cir on..'''' 6 1 0 . , 1 .. 9 . .... . I 0 '-- . - rig' 6 t el" Vl3. o 0 „00 8. off' kficire w e. eeler' 0 ue' ot 0 0 $ ft, ie 'HIS DAY.) BRITISH RAILWAYS. Paid.' RAILWAYS. 'lOO 'Aberdeen . 8 Imbg. Nottng. Bost and Eastu. Junct all Binning. Wolverh. Stour Valley ..... 28 Birkenhd. Lancsh. Cheshire Junct all Do. Chesh. & Birk £5O and £25 Cons 184 Do., ...... 100 Bristol and Exeter 100 Caledonian all Chester & Holyhead all Cork and Bandon... all Cork, Black, & Pass. 45 Dublin&BelfastJune. all Dundee Perth &Aber deen Junction....... all Do. New. ..... ..... all East Anglian all Do., (XIS E & 11) all Eastern Counties all Eastern Union, Class A. late E. U. Sh SA Do., do . all Do., B. and C........ 'lOO East Lancashire East &West Ind. Dk all & Binning. Junc 1 100 Edinburgh & Glasgow F, Edinb. and Peebles 100 Ediu. Prth. & Dundee 100 Glasgow &S. Western WO Great Northern Stk. WO Do., A. Stock 100 Do., B. Stock WO Gt. Sth. &West.(lre )1 100 Great Western 11 Irish South-Eastern all Lancaster & 115 Do., Thirds 100 Lancash. andYorksh 16 Do., Fifths 114 D 3., Wst. Riding Un all Leeds Northern all Liv.Crsby.&Southpt all London & Blackwall 5 Loud. Tilb. & Sthend. 100 Lond. Bright &S. Cst. 100 Loud, and N. Westn. 12 Do. Fifths 1 Do JO/. Sh. , M&8...0 100 London and S. Westn. 42i Do., £5O 34 Do., £4O all Lndndrry& Coleraine all Lndndrry. & Ennisk. 100 Manch.Shef.& Lincln 4,i Do., Man. & Lin. Un 100 Midland 100 Do. Birmng. & Derby 47i Midld. G. West. (Ire.) 174 Do. Half Shares all Newcastle & Carlisle 1.00 Newmarket 34 Do., Bury Extension 17 Nwpt.Aberg. & Hrfd 7 Newry & Enniskillen all Newry Warrenpoini and Rostrevor .00 Norfolk 3 Northn.Counties Un. .00 North British 14 North Devon, No. 1 9 Do., No. 2 50 20 50 25 all Do., a A Deferred._ 6 Do., B Guaranteed 17i North Staffordshire all North Western 10 N. &S. Westin. June 1.00 Oxford, Worcester, & Wolverhampton 100 Scottish Central 100 Scottish Midland 100 Shrewsbury &Birmg 100 Do. L. &N. Western Guaranteed Stock 8 Shrewsby. & Herefd all Shrewsby. & Chester (N. W. Min.) all Do. Halves, do all Do. Oswestry q Shropshire Union all South Devon 100 South Eastern all South Wales 15 S. Yrksh. & Riv. Dun 5 Do all Stockton & Hartlepl. 20 Thames Haven Dock and Railway 17 Vale of Neath all Waterfd. & Kilkenny all Waterford&Limerick 14 West Cornwall 21s. Wimbledn & Croydon ;100 York Newetl.&Berw. 20 Do. Extensions 11a Do. G.N.E. Purchase ;103 York &N. Midland Closing Pricos this day. 26 - 28 5i - 9i —lO4 xn 8 —6 dis 20 - 22 3i - 2i 100 - 102 66i - 674 22 - 22 20 - 21 :: 4p 8- 9 - 34 - 4 12 - 13; - 10. 6i - 7. 71. - 72 54 - 57 69 - 71 it; LT 85 -- 86 50 -- 52 132 -- 134 LlO -- 112 874 -- 88 7A -- 8 94 -- 96 14 -15 p 77A -- 78 4i -- 4id 3k— 3d 15t -- 161 - 9 - 2p 103 - 104 1141 - 115 1i - 2ip - - 89 6 sd' 5 4 d 12 13 19 21 30 304 34 20 71i 72 40 42 51 53 I 1/ . l d ) . i ---= 3 8 9 50 52 321 —... gil .. - ... 41 - 84 5 si (l 1 48i - 49, 94 - 96 59 - 61 63 - 65 70 75 11-- id 17 19 81 91 13 15 31 —3441 xu 20 21 691 701 35 36 13 14 41 23 25 21. 3 14§ 15 31 94 33 10 101 ad par 65 70 7id 2i 69 -- 60 PREFERENCE SHARES, St. 100 }Do. St. 1100 Do. No. 2, 7 p. c. St. 'lOO Bris. & Ex. 4 p. c. St. 20 5 Do. 4p. c. Shares St. 100 'Caledonian £lO 15 all Chester & Holyhead, Guar. 5i per cent I 64 54 Cork &Bandons4p.c 64 all Dundee Perth &Aber deen Junction 3i all EastAnglian (I:310s) 6 per cent 5 all Do. (.45) 7 per cent 7i 2 Do. (£7 17s) 7p. c 6 all Eastern Counties Ex tension, 5 p. c. No. 1 6i all Do. No. 2 LO all Do. New 6 p. c. St 0 all Eastern Union, Scrip Guar. 6 per cent 1. 100 East Lanca.sh.6 p. eta 5 all Edinb Prth.&Dundee 53 per cent. t. 100 Glasgow &S. Western Guar. 5 per cent t. 100 Great Northu. 5 p. c 1. 100 Do. 5 p. c. Redeem., at 10 p. c. prem... ) 5 Do. V. p. c. Scrip all Gt, Southn.&Westm (Ireland) Eighths) ) 6 Gt. Westn. (Berks & Hants Ex. 5 p. c) 100 Do. cov. red. 4i p.c 100 Do. con, red. 4p. c 100 Do. irred. 4p. c 6 Lan. & York. F. £2O 100 Do. 6 p. c. Stock . 100 London and Brighton Guaranteed 5 P. c . 100 Do. Pref., 5 p. C. St. all Do. Convertible, sp. c., 1552 100 Do. New Guar.6 p. c 5 London &S. Western Con. Thirds 10 Londonderry& Coler. Shares all Londy. ,!,; Ennis. Sb all Man., Shef., & Lin., Shares, No. 1. all Do. New, £lO 3 Do. £6 all Marypt .& Carl. 4 p.c all Do. 43 per cent 8? t Do 100 Mid. Consol.6 p.c.St 100 Do. Consol, Bristol Birm. 6 per cent 1 5 Do. Pref. 4 per cent 6 Norfolk Extension 100 Do. 5 p. c. Ext 100 Do. Guar. 5i per at 100 Do. Way. Val. 5 p. c. 100 North British all 'North Staffordshire 100 'Oxford, Worcester, & Welverh. £l5, 6 p.c 12 Do all Shrews. & all Shrewsby. & Chester (Nor.W.Min), 8 p.c. 10 Do. 5 per cent all South Devon 14 Do. New all S. Eastern (Reading Ann.) of £1 Os. 6d. 100 Do. 4A per cent. Pre. all S.Yorksh.4p.c.Guar. 3 Waterfd.&Kilk.6p.c. 100 York, Newcastle,and Berwick,4 p.c. Pref 5 Do York&N. Midland H 10 and S. Purch . 10 10 25 92 • 96 88 - 92 107 - 109 ,thi ilo L9l —20 i id ipm' 6i 6/1 4a 5 5. 1 p 2a 2 p 144 —15 a 18/ -18 i 31 - 3i Ilia I= iio 111 113 1 p 71 105 -- 107 101 103 102 104 id p 152 154 L 54 7- 157 3i -- 4 10 -- 11 13i -- 14 8 -- 9 10i -- 11 P 150 152 par i 116 118 118 122 ... liti - 114 25i -26 i . 10 11 17 —18 i 1 p 14 —15 i par i p 26 264, 112 114 19i —20 i id p 103 - 105 51 - 5i 1 - i pl FOREIGN. 3 Antwerp&Rottenlava 3 Belgian Eastn. June. 4 Bezic - :s to Graissessac all Charleroi & Erquelin. 10 Dijona nd Besaugon.. 8 Dutch Rhenish . all (East Indian 1 Do. Extension all lat. Indian Peninsula' 10 IGd. Junct. of France A all Gt.Westernof Canada IShares 2 Lucca & Pistoj a 5 p.c pref . 15 Luxembourg 10 Do. (Railway) 2 Do. 10 20 20 20 3 Do. (Canal) 2 Do. 6 p. et. prof 9 Lyons & Mediterran 7 fitdras all Namur & Liege (with interest)... all Do. (ez interest) all Northern of France Do. 201. 3 p. c Bds. all (frny. B. & Ams. Shs. ) 1 all NorwegianTrunkPref 10 Paris and Lyons all Paris and Orleans all Paris and Rouen all Paris and Strasbourg 4 ParisCaen & C horbrg 7i Quebec & Richmond all Rouen and Havre 2 Royal Swedish all Sambre and Mouse 2 Sth-Eastrn. of France 4 Southern of France 2s. Upper India Scrip all West Flanders 10 Do. 5 per c. Pref 10 Western of France 2 West. of Switzerland, 6 Zealand 2 1 d -- 1 4 P hp A —l5 2 —l. p 2 1 d 5 1 lip 14 --2 p ad iP id iP 64 id 4 1 1 1 , 1 1. ad ii 7 7i 33 —34 'l4 14. 8 8 14 —l5 10 —42 93 —4l 34 —3li 3 4 id par 17 —18 i id 74 —8 - 5p - 3/' __B4 ' —24 d Business done this day. 26i 7 5i ISRABE M. x new 67 61 7i 6i 7 224 2 13 i 121 13 8545 1331 111 12 87i i i i 8 pm 771 1 8 11. 8 114.115 2 88 i 20 1 i ni i i i 9 8i 32 3 i 48 9 95 70 i 91 32 10 I -69 i 9 70 69 12 f 60 50 1 I new .13 12i 34 4 1 1 4 25i a 5 35f i 5 14 i - LITERATURE. 5 5 Aubin Coal and Iron ... ... 100 35 Australian Agricult 62 65 63 4 20 8 Australsn.Pcific.Mail ... ... 10 6 Australn, Royal Mail ... ... 50 38., Brit. American Land 67 -70 5 1 Brit. & Coln. Smeltg. and Reduction Co ... ... 100 326 Canada Company 65 70 5 5 Crystal Palace n -- 3p71 i 88 4 2 Crystal Pal, of France 6 1p 21 20 1 Eastern Steam...... . ... ... 1 1 Electric Tel. of Irel. ... ... 15 14 Gen. Steam Navigat. ... ... 20 14 General Screw Steam ... ... 20 5 Irish Beetroot Sugar ... ... 20 4 Magdalena St. Navig. ... ... 1 all Nat. Pt. Steam Fuel ... ... 10 2 Netherlands Land... ... . 1 all N. B. Australasian 1- i p 1 4 i 20 7A Nrth .of Europe Steam ... ... 5 all Peel Rr. Ld. & Minrl. 2 2ip 71 7 50 all Peninsular & Oriental ~, ... 50 25 Do. 2 all Portland Iron Co ... ... 100 60 Royal Mail Steam ... ... 1 all Scot. Austral. Invest l3 1 2i f ... 1 A Do. New Scrip — 25 25 South Austral. Land 41 43 41 J all Submarine Telegraph ... ... 1 100 283 Van Diemen's Land 17 19 173 18 MINES. 1 all Agua Fria 1 all Anglo Austrin. Gold .3 d ip 10s. all Anglo Californian 10 2 Australasian par 1 p 20 5 Australian 1 all Australian Cordillera d -Lp 1 all Australian Freehold Id g 1 all Ave Maria — Id 1 all Baden (Gd. Duchy of)d par i 1 all British Austrin. Gold d par 20 13.5 British Iron 35 246 Brazilian Imp.(issued at X 5 pm 4. —. 53 51 4i 30 all Do. Cocaes & Cuiada 43 5 20 15 Do. St. John Del Rey 32 —34 333 1 all Carson's Creek 40 all Cobre Copper — ... 5 1 Colonial ... 14 Copiapo ll 113 St. all Copper Min. of Eng 65 —75 25 all Do. Pref. 73 p. cent 8 9 p 5 all English and Austrin Copper Smeltg. Co 20 all General l4 —l6 2 all Great Nugget Vein 1 14p' 31 1 2 all Do. Registered 3 all Great Polgooth 1 all Lake Bathurst 1 all Liberty 3 all Linares 1 all Lond.&Californ.Gold Quartz Crush. Co. 1 3 1 all Mariquita 10 9 Mexican&S.Amerien 73 8 1 all New Granada par— 4 p 11 1 1 all Nouveau Monde 1 —11 p 10 5 Nova Scotia Mining ... ... and Copper Smeltg 5 1 Port Philip id ip 1 all Quartz Rock 50 all Rhymney Iron 26 —2 8 tip 15 Do. New 7 9 30 10i4 Santiago de Cuba - 63 1 all South Australian 10 7 Tiu Croft S . —lO 281 all United Mexican 4 43 1 all Waller — id 1 all West Granada 1 all West Mariposa 1 all Yüba Applicatrion and _Effect of Electricity and Galvanism, (C7c. By Richard Moore Lawrance, M.D. One vol. Henry Renshaw. Already the author of this little volume has, through the medium of a similar work—but a work more restricted in its character—acquainted the world of readers with the efficacy with which diseases of a rheumatic kind may be treated by the application of galvanism and electricity. He has judiciously deemed it advisable to follow up the result of his curious and interesting researches. Hence the present valuable, and in every respects really admirable, production. Scarcely a hundred pages constitute the volume, but within these hun dred pages there is compactly stored up a mass of valuable information. The writer's purpose—as implied upon his title-page—is simply to explain the application and effect of electricity and gal vanism in. the treatment of cancerous, nervous, rheumatic, and other affections. Not merely can cerous, nervous, and rheumatic, but other affec tions in like mariner. It will be found, indeed, on perusal of the four chapters into which the treatise before us is divided, that Dr. Lawrance insists strenuously upon the advisability of applying the - • electro-galvanic current in cases of impaired diges tion, of obstinate constipation, of loss of voice or aphonia, of deafness, of failing vision or amau rosis, of paralysis, of asphyxia, or suspended animation. From all this it may be conjec tured by some of the less credulous that the writer of the volume, enamoured of his sub ject, is (like most medical practitioners with a new discovery) for transforming an excellent remedy in one or two cases, into an universal recipe or panacea. At any rate, even the most suspicious must admit, after an examination of the well-authenti cated facts compressed into the disquisition under review, that the statements advanced by Dr. Law rance are, to say the least of them, most remark able, and such as are surely entitled to careful and deliberate investigation. It must be observed that our author does not write, from first to last, in any way superficially. He speaks with authority, as we have before intimated, and this simply because he has thoroughly mastered a knowledge of his subject before putting pen to paper. A rather less frequent occurrence this than by many, per haps, may be conjectured. Dr. Lawrance writes thinkingly. He does more than this—he evidently desires, from the outset, that his readers may read thinkingly. To the end that this wish may be the more effectually realised, he " begins at the begin ning," as they say in the story-books. He re capitulates all the elementary data connected with the rise and development of the enthralling science of the Electrician. Data, for example, such as—How Thales was the first to observe the electric properties of amber six centuries before the dawn of Christianity ! How, 300 years after wards, it was discovered that tourmaline had the property of attracting light bodies, the discoverer being Theophrastus, of Eresos, the most illus trious of the disciples of Aristotle ! How, after being forgotten or disregarded, these " first gleams of knowledge" were recognised in their true im portance only 200 years ago, when Dr. Gilbert, of Colchester, published his work upon Magnetism How, little more than one hundred years ago, namely, in 1746, tire introduction of the Leyden jar revealed many of the surprising effects of fric tional electricity ! How, from the truths which were then elicited by experiment, there gradually grew up the study of Electro-Physiology ! By these firm and easy steps Dr. Lawrance brings even those who are least instructed in such matters to a recognition of the value and interest of the theme of his disquisition. He goes further. He specifies the five different sources of electricity. I.—Frictional Electricity, or electricity produced by rubbing, as by the friction of polished glass by a woollen cloth, shown in the two kinds of elec trical machines, the plate machine and the cylin drical. ll.—Galvanic or Voltaic Electricity, or electricity produced by chemical action—a study first opened up by Professor Galvani, of Bologna, and ripened into a science by Professor Volta, of Pavia, to whom electricians are indebted for the first voltaic-pile. lll.—Electro-Magnetism,or electricity evolved from certain arrangements of induced mag nets, or magneto-electricity produced by permanent magnets—arrangements first suggested by Professor Oersted in 1819, and afterwards perfected in 1830 by M. Hipolyte Pixii of Paris, the inventor of the first magneto-electric machine. IV. —Animal Electricity, or that electricity which arises from some peculiar power possessed by certain animals, such as the gymnotus and the torpedo. V.— Thermo-Electricity, or electricity arising from dis turbances of temperature. The instrument em ployed by Dr. Lawrance in the treatment of disease, an instrument called by its inventors an Electro-Galvanic Machine, differs from the gene rality, says he, "in deriving its electricity from the battery, the current being sent through one coil of thick wire, in order to give it sufficient in tensity to overcome the resistance which it experi ences in passing through the body." With this powerful instrument he appears to have carried out a series of extraordinary researches in Electro- Physiology. It will allay the anxiety of the timor ous to find the author acknowledging (p. 24) that " the therapeutic application of electro-galvanism requires no less consideration than that of any other powerful remedy." In obedience to which he seems to act systematically with exquisite caution. As evidence of the manner in which his application has become systematised, there are (at pp. 22-24) three tables of diseases, wherein are numbered, firstly, those in which the free electricity circulating in the nerves should be increased ; secondly, those in which it should be decreased ; and thirdly, those in which electro chemical decomposition should be produced. From our comments upon the contents of this unam bitious but arresting volume, it must be obvious, we hope, that its argument is regarded by us as eminently entitled to a scrupulously painstaking and minute investigation. On Consumption: its .Nature, Symptoms, and Treat ment. To which was awarded the Fothergillian Gold Medal of the Medical Society of London. By Richard Payne Cotton, M.D., Assistant- Physician to the Hospital for Consumption. Bvo. Churchill, Princes-street, Soho. It is not often that we introduce into these columns notices of works strictly professional in their character. The subject of consumption, how ever, is one of such painful interest to every section of the great commonwealth of man, that we feel it a duty in making the present exception. There are many points in the work before us demanding the attention of every one. The author shows how much may be effected in preventing the accession of this fatal disease—how much may be done towards checking its early stages ; and how comparatively little can be done when the malady has fully established itself. There is a chapter on " Preventive Treatment," freed from all techni calities, in which are given many judicious rules for meeting the threatenings of the destroyer. The following extract shows how important these are considered by the author :—" Every one has it greatly within his own control, whether he will himself enjoy and bequeath to his descendants a freedom from tuberculous diseases ; or, whether lie will yield himself a sacrifice to a careless or more culpable disregard of causes which, he might have known, were at least likely to be its fore runners." The grounds on which Dr. Cotton has u a s o . n fd based his observations are not merely specula tive ; they are fair deductions from a number of carefully tabulated cases which have fallen under his own treatment. If we were to single out the peculiar merit of his book, it would consist in the fact that he does not attempt to satisfy his readers with mere abstract doctrines, but practically ex hibits his facts by statistical evidence : he takes, in fact, 1,000 cases from the out-patients of the , Con sumption Hospital, and shows, by their respective histories, the mode of origin of the disease, the age at which we are most liable to its initiation, the sex, the occupation, the way of living, and many other points which are concerned in its development. Dr. Cotton is strongly opposed to the too-pre valent custom of expatriating our consumptive countrymen. lie shows how prevalent are the causes of the disease, and that there is no favoured spot whose climate is incompati ble with its advances. When the disease is at all advanced in its career, he counsels every one not to think of leaving their native land, showing how unnecessary such a course really is, and how deceptive it is nearly certain to be. At the same time he advises change of air and scene, as oae of the most effective remedies in the early stages of the malady. W pi e .ofi h t a a v b e le fo . found To the general reader interes as ted au i t n he t n h t e ic, su a b p j p e a ct . consumption in a new light. And although it will not lead us to believe that the disease is altogether within the control of the physician, it cannot fail in showing wr theeen seems tcommendwlyc t r o k a 1 sf i u i s ilt to the oplace is bo information,ot entertaining k ' e subject before that it is, to a considerable extent, preventable, and that even when fully developed, much may be ' effected towards arresting its progress,:and alleviat ing its most painful symptoms. THE MANSION-HOUSE.—Among the curiosities exhi bited on Wednesday at the Converitazione at the Man sion-house were eight drawings by Sir Richard Thornhill, being his original etchings for his Paintings in the dome of St. Paul's Cathedral. These curious and valuable memorials were presented by Mr. James Anderton to the City Library. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY ErENING, JUNE 10, 1853. 1r• • A-4m T • ITTIITTCI MARKET NEWS-(THIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE. The arrival of English wheat up to our market this week coastwise, has been only 850 quarters. Fresh up, to-day, the receipts of that grain were limited—hence the show of samples was small. For all kinds we had a steady demand, and a good clearance was effected at fully Monday's ad vance in the quotations. From abroad, 10,320 quarters of wheat have been re ported. There was a steady sale for most descriptions, and, in some instances, red Baltic parcels were the turn in favour of sellers. Floating cargoes were firm, and quite as dear as last week. Barley—The supply of barley was moderate, and changed hands slowly at full currencies. Malt—W(; had a fair inquiry for malt, the value of which was well supported Oats—There was more doing in oats, the prices of which improved 6d per quarter. Beans, peas, and flour wore firm, and quite as dear as on Monday. ARRIVALS MIS WEER. Wheat. Barley. I Malt. 850 60 i 950 2,670 1 -- 10,320 Oats. English .. Irish .... Foreign .. Flour. 1,030 1,920 3,370 SMITHFIELD. I 160 ski 6,510 brig Although the supply of beasts on offer to-day was not large, the demand for that description of stock ruled heavy, and, in some instances, the quotations had a down ward tendency. Sheep, the number of which was on the increase, moved off slowly, at a decline in prices of 2d per per Blbs. The primest old Downs sold at 4s 6d per Blbs. The lamb trade was in a very inactive state, and the cur rencies gave way 2d per 81bs. ; the top figure was 6s 2d per per 81b. There was a large number of calves on sale, for which the inquiry was much depressed, at 2d per 81bs less money. In pigs next to nothing was doing. Milch cows were dull, at 151. to 191. 5s each, including their small calf. s. d. s. d. Prime Southdown 4 4 4 6 ; Large eras. calves 3 8 4 4 Prime small do._ 4 6 410 Large hogs 3 2 3 8 Small porkers 310 4 4 Suckling calves ..19 0 25 0 Quarter old pigs 19 0 24 0 s 8d to 6s 2d. Per Sibs to sink the offals. s. d. s. d. Inferior Beasts.... 3 oto 3 2 Second quality.... 3 4 3 6 Prime large oxen 3 8 4 0 Prime Scots, dtc. 4 2 4 4 Inferior Sheep ... 3 0 3 4 Second quality ...3 6 3 8 Prime tree.-wlled.3 10 4 2 Lambe ..... —4B TOTAL SUPPLY. Beasts .. •• .• ........ •• • • 939 Sheep and Lambs ..10,900 Calves • • .. • • •• •• bOO Pigs .. .... • ***** •••••• 360 NEWGATE A/ The general demand at t] at drooping prices. _ _ FOZEIGN SUPPLY. Beasts... ..... ... 204 Sheep .. •• •• •• •• ....•• 700 Calves.. •• •• •••••• ......•• 408 LEADENHALL. market to-day ruled heavy, the carcase. Per 81bs by s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. Beef, inferior 2 8 3 0 Mutton Inferior 3 0 3 6 Do., middling 3 2 3 4 Do., middling ..... 3 8 4 0 Do., prime large 3 4 3 6 Do., prime 4 2 4 4 Do., do. small ....3 8 310 Veal 3 8 4 8 Pork, large 3 4 3 1 Pork, small 3 10 4 4 Lambs 4s Sd to 6s Od BOROUGH HOP. Most kind of hops, the show of which is very limited, are in request to-day, and prices are freely supported, as follows : —Mid and East Kent pockets, 120 s to 168 s ; Weald of Kent, 115 s to 128 s; and Sussex, 110 s to 126 s per cwt. COLONIAL. SUGAR.—There has been a dull market for British plan tation, and previous rates have not been quite supported. At auction Barbadoes sold for good mid to fine at 35s Gd to 38s 6d, and Grenada at 32s Gd to 35s ad for fine brown to good mid crystallised. Demerara went at 38s to 38s 6d. East India—Bengal has been sold by auction at 35s 6d to 36s Gd for low to good mid white, Benaros at 38s Gd to 39s for fine yellow grainy, and at 49s Gil to 41s for mid white Cossipore. Khaur was taken in at 28i to 28s 6d, but afterwards sold at 27s 6d. Foreign—Rather more has been doing ; yellow Havannah afloat sold at 21s 9d, Porto Rico by auction at 36s 6d to 39s 6d for low to good, and 40s to 41s for fine. China was taken in at 34s Od for soft brown. St. Croix brought 38s 6d to 40s Gd for mid and good, and 41s to 42s for fine. Refined has been in better supply, with a fair home trade. Brown lumps 45s to 45s Gd. COYFER.—There has been rather less demand, but prices have not varied much. Plantation Ceylon has been sold at 46s Gd to 53s 6d ; for triage at 53s 6d 56s 6d ; for fine ord to low mid at 57s to Gls for mid and good ; and at 65s to 67s for peaberry. Native Ceylon has been dull at 46s to 475. Some of the fresh import was taken in at the auctions at 47s to 48s, except 200 bags which sold at 46s Gd, being is lower. Mocha was taken in at 675, and Bahia at 455. COCOA.—Trinidad has declined slightly, the supply of West India exceeding the demand. Common grey sold at 28s, and very good red at 30s. COTTON.—There is no improvement in the demand, but previous rates are supported. TEA.—Prices are about the same, although the lower qualities are barely supported. SPICES.—BIack pepper has been in good demand at fully previous rates, mid half. heavy Malabar at 4d to sd. Mace has averaged fully previous rates for mid and com mon. Nutmeg have advanced 2d per lb, small to mid being 2s 6d to 2s 10d, and good and fine hold 3s to 4s ld. RlCE.—Extreme prices to 3d advance have been obtained. Bengal mid to good mid 9s 6d to 10s 6d; and good to fine, lls to lls SALTPETRE.—Prices are much the same, Bengal having been taken in at 28s for 11 per cent refraction, and at 25s for 9 to 116 per cent. TALLOW.—P.Y.C. has been quiet at 47s 3d per cwt on the spot. GREEN FRUlT.—Oranges sustain their value. Some parcels by steamer and sailing ships, sold by Keeling and Hunt at public sale, sustained the price obtained last week. Lemons have advanced 2s to 4s. per package. The reduc tion of duty on nuts has released several parcels from bond, and great disappointment is felt that the schedule has not included oranges and lemons, which it is to be hoped will not be deferred beyond this week. LLOYDS' SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY.) LONDON, June 10.—Wind at Noon, E. ; light aim, and cloudy, with drizzling rain. COWES, June 9.—Wind, S. by E. Arrived—Picciola, China ; Colibri, do., and both sailed for Hamburgh ; Ano nima, Havannah, and sailed for London. OFF DOVER, June 9.—Royal William, Madeira, for St. Petersburgh. PORTSMOUTH, June 9.—Wind, S. Arrived—H.M.'s St. George, Bormuda. Sailed—Sussex, Melbourne, S.A. Off Port—Castle Eden, China ; Alfria, Calcutta. PLYMOUTH, June 9.—Wind, S.E. Arrived—Nymph, Akyab. FALMOUTH, Juno 9.—Wind, S. Arrived—Lucy, Bahia ; Rainbow, Havannah ; Queen, Pernambuco. Off Port— Hebe, Rio Janeiro, for Hamburgh ; Eureka, Paraiba, and sailed for Bristol. SOUTHAMPTON, June V.—Wi n d, S.W. Sailed—Severn (s), Brazils ; Com e t ( a ), M a d e i ra. BRISTOL, Juno 9.—Wi n d, S.W. To bago ; Anna, St. Vinc en . Arrived—Eagle, LOWESTOFT, June 9.--1-The Utility, London to Seaham, which got on shore on the 24th ult., has been got off. QUEENSTOWN, June B.—Wind, S.W. Arrived—Thomas Edward, Barbadoes, and sailed for Liverpool ; Trident, Akyab ; Constellation, Trinidad. HARTLEPOOL, June 9.—Wind, S.E. Sailed—:Bobertus liondrickus, Singapore. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF COMMONS--(YESTERDAY.) In reply to Lord J. MANNERS, Lord J. RUSSELL said, if the debate on the India Bill was closed to-night, he should propose to take the second reading of the Succession Tax Bill the first thing to-morrow. The Customs Bill would be taken to-night. In reply to an Hon. Member, Mr. WILSON said he expected to be in possession of the report on the subject of arterial drainage in Ireland to-morrow. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA. On the order of the day for resuming the adjourned debate on the subject of the bill for the government of India, Mr. BLACKETT rose—He said, in the speech which closed the debate on the last occasion various " counts" of the "indictment" against the Government were spoken of ; and he rose to support one of those counts. The hon. baronet (Sir J. Hogg) had spoken most unjustifiably of the arguments against the Government, which he had greatly misrepresented. (Hear, hear.) There was ground to com plain of the meagre information afforded by the Govern ment on the subject. (Hear, hear.) The Indian Govern ment had for years been in the habit of withholding papers they were bound by act of Parliament to produce to Par liament within a certain time. And when produced the papers were arranged in a manner intentionally embarras sing and obscure, while columns of figures were not cast up, and portions of the same estimates were scattered over different pages so as to create perpetual confusion. He (Mr. Blackett) objected utterly to the East India Company as an organ of the Indian Government, and admitted that no objection short of that could justify the opposition to the bringing in of the bill. He objected also that the house was called upon to legislate without those opportu nities of information and consideration which had been afforded on former occasions. Thus, on the last renewal of the charter in 1833, committees on the subject had been appointed so !early as 1830, so that three years' time had been allowed to Parliament. (Hear, hear.) When, how ever, the noble lord the member for Lynn had asked Sir J. Hobhouse, in 1851, if he intended to propose a committee in contemplation of the renewal of the charter in 1853, he replied that he did not intend to do so, because he contem plated no change. (Hear, hear.) The political vicissitudes which since had occurred might have sufficed to satisfy Sir John Hobhouse that change did not depend solely on his will. (Hear, hear.) It was said that there was great danger from not legislating on the subject at once. But at least equal danger would result from a measure such as now proposed, which left it open to alteration at nny time. (Hear, hear.) But, in fact, the danger was greatly exaggerated ; for far longer periods had been allowed for deliberation on occasions when there was far greater danger to our Indian empire. (Hear, hear.) Thus when the charter was renewed in 1793 there had been 10 years of discussion and consideration. And yet, though we had only one-sixth of our present territory, the whole strength of the Mahrattah nation was watching us ; the powerful state of the Nizam, with an army dis ciplined by French officers, was arrayed against us, and we had to encounter Tippoo Saib, with all the hereditary energy of Ryder Ally. (Hear, hear.) So in 1830, when three years' time were taken to deliberate, we had to deal with the rise of those wars which afterwards broke out —and in 1833 there were gathering against us the elements of our wars of the Punjaub, and those Russian intrigues were carrying on, which, however they might now be despised, were then thought sufficient to justify the war in Affghanistan. (Hear, hear.) At the present period, on the contrary, the whole Peninsula and the Punjaub beyond obeyed us, and the magnificent hyperbole of Burke was realised, that not a peasant in India ate his rice with out our leave, while native princes, who, 20 years ago, w new cultivating would have leaped into their saddles at the head of armed constitutionalhos t st4avenge sy a s n tem im s ag of ined were administration, and approached us with respectful petition. (Hear, hear.) The hon. baronet (Sir J. Hogg) had taken credit to the company for the spread of civilisation, and the subduing of barbarous tribes. But the same credit must be given to the most cruel and crafty conquerors of ancient and modern times. The moat barbarous buccaneer that ever cleared a jungle could boast that he had (because he found it to his inter est) drained swamps and exterminated noxious animals. The same might have been the vaunt of the worst govern ments in modern Europe—the government of Louis XV., in France, of George 111., in America, and of Metternich, in Austria. (A laugh.) The hon. baronet had prided him self in referring to the illustrious names of our Indian generals, and the brilliant stories of their victories. No doubt there was everything in these eulogies to admit and to admire. There was no story more stirring than the tragic fate of Sir W. Macnaughten. There were no achievements more chivalrous than those of Colonel Outram. (Cheers.) But all this only proved that the worst possible system of patronage could not spoil or en feeble our English race. (Hear, hear.) It was not to the East India Company, it was in spite of the company that these great deeds had been accomplished. (Hear, hear.) It had been said that the system of " double government" was on its trial. That was a mistake. The East India Company were upon their trial. (Hear, hear.) The East India Company were quite different from the East Indian government. (Hear, hear,) The question was, whether, supposing the government of India to be either single or double, the company were qualified to form any part of it. The question was best determined by looking at - what the company had clone in a department peculiarly their own, that of patronage. (Hear, hear.) Before entering into that, he would advert to one or two other topics ; and first, that of finance. The acquisitions of territory which had taken place had not been fortunate in a financial point of view. Thus the revenue of the Punjaub appeared to be 1,200,000/., and the civil charges, 900,000/. ; the revenue of Scinde, 260,0001., the charges, 460,000/. ; the revenue of Sattara was 195,0001., it had been obtained by most atrocious means, and therefore it was satisfactory to find that we had got a bad bargain, for the charges were 210,0001. (Hear, hear.) Mr. MANGLES—These figures are erroneous. Mr. BLACKETT—Then that shows how little the East India Company's statements are to be relied upon ; for the figures are all extracted from the statements they laid be fore the committee. (Loud cries of hear.) The salt duties were gradually on the decline : in the four years before 1848 they averaged 1,587,8451. ; in the four years before 1852, they averaged 1,366,3121., a decrease of 221,5331. With regard to the increase of our exports to India, it was true ; but as to ourimports they were declining. During the four years before 1845, the average amount was 12,637,0001.; during the four years ending in 1853, the average had been 12,163,0001., showing a decline of 463,0001. It was said that the Indian revenue had increased. But how had the increase been made up? Not less than 710,0001. had been tribute money—(hear, hear)—from Gwalior, Lahore, and Gholab Sing. The opium duty, it was admitted, was quite uncertain—(hear)---and the Customs' duties had fallen off. The cost of collecting the Indian revenue was enor mous, no less than 25 per cent. (Hear.) The increase of revenue had not risen from improved management, but from confiscation, or from extension of the area of taxation. Mr. Princep stated that not less than a million and a half was derived from tribute—(hear, hear)-500,000/. was the fruit of confiscation, or " rescriptions, ' in Bengal alone— (hear, hear)---and another head of confiscations afforded nearly 300,0001. more. (Hear, hear.) The total increase was 2,500,0001., leaving little more than 200,0001. out of the 6,000,0001. increased revenue. In page 306 there was a statement of so extraordinary a character that ho must recommend it to the consideration of the hon. baronet the member for Honiton, and the hon. member for Guildford. It was there stated that from 1834 to 1849 inclusive, the uncollected arrears of land tax amounted to not less than 60,191,1671.—an amount greater than the whole annual re venue of Groat Britain. He hoped those hon. members would be prepared to show that this statement was a blunder in calculation. The right hon. gentleman the President of the Board of Control had also referred to the transit duties, as a proof of the excellence of the East In dia Company's management. He had spoken of them in a tone of tranquillity, which was not a little remarkable, considering that if there was one subject on which more than another the bureaucracy of Leadenhall-street could stultify the liberal intentions of the Board of Control it VMS this. The right hon. gentleman said that the tran sit duties had been abolished by the East India Company, but he forgot to add that the company had imposed them. (Hear, hear.) These objectionable duties were collected at a series of toll-bars, not inappropriately called " chokings ;" and air Charles Trevelyan, in his in estimable report, stated that there were not less than 60 of such " cholongs" within 20 miles of Calcutta, producing an aggregate sum of between 600,0001. and 800,0001. The hon. member here traced the history of these duties since 1801, and added that he doubted whether they would have been abolished at this moment, but for the act of n self willed and refractory official, who (set the example in Bengal. Passing then to the general question, he said that his main ground of objeetion to the present system was that the affairs of India were entrusted to a private corpo ration, who had no more necessary connection with that country than the Great Western Railway. He denied the argument of the right hon. gentleman the President of the Board of Control, that our (Indian empire was nothing better that an anomaly. By so designating it, the right hon. gentleman confessed, and perhaps felt not only his incompetency to deal with the subject, but his reluctance to rise to the full comprehension of it, and his indisposition to grapple with its details. (Hear, hear.) If there were anomaly anywhere, it was in our legislation, and not in India ' • it was to be found in our p ers i s tence to govern ' 150,000,000 of people by a handful of directors and by a ' joint-stock company. The greatest anomaly, however, was in the spectacle of the government of India being entrusted to a right hon. gentleman who, in the course of a five hours' speeeh, could gravely tell the House of Commons that things Wife going on in India as well as they could wish. (Hear, hear.) Of this measure, which was neither bold nor sagacious, but ingeniously calculated to under mine and unsettle the foundations of the company, the hon. baronet (Sir J. Hogg) had not uttered one word of praise ; he bad not expressed any approbation of the plan by which six gentlemen nominated by the Crown were assist the company in their deliberations ; nor had he the grace to say " Thank you" to the right hon. gentlemen for the 4/. a week which was to be granted in lieu of the aban doned patronage. (Hear, hear, and a laugh.) With re gard to the powers possessed by the company, he (Mr. Blackett) considered them excessive, more especially with respect to patronage. Upon this point, they had the im portant testimony of Mr. Willoughby, Sir Herbert Mad dock, Mr. Willet, and Mr. Wilberforce Bird, all of whom were examined before the committee, and who distinctly stated that they were debarred from solicit ing seats in the directorship by the intolerable humilia tion which a canvass of such a body as the Court of Proprietors would entail. At the last election Mr. Carnac Morris was rejected in favour at a friend of his (Mr. Blackett's) ; and the result showed that official service waa not considered a recommendation for preferment by the Court of Proprietors. It was notorious that the Court of Directors had not acted up to the spirit of the act of 1834 with respect to the young men sent out to India ; but a far wider departure from the act was to be found in the absence of that promotion of native In dians, for which the hon. member for Edinburgh and Lord Glenelg contended, and which the House of Commons at the time fully anticipated would be carried out. But to show the qualifications of the native judges for the admi nistration of justice, he would refer to the testimony of Colonel Sykes, as it bore upon the two presidencies. In the Bombay presidenv in the four years ending in 1848, the cases tried were 3b6 to 968 ; 6} per cent, were decided by European judges ;93 per cent. by native judges. Of the cases decided by the native judges, 5 per cent. were re versed on appeal ; of those tried by the European judges, 66 per cent. were reversed on appeal. In the North- western Provinces the cases tried were 431 to 679 ; 5i per cent. were decided by European judges, and 94 by natives; 27 per cent, of the native judges' decisions were reversed on appeal, and 79 per cent. of the European judges' deci sions. He believed, even if the plan of the Government succeeded to their utmost desire, that, after all, they would only still be imitating the policy of a Metternich and a Radetzky in Lombardy; and that they would find them selves in the end ruling over a few handsful of Englishmen and natives, instead of over a great and united population. Surely th a t was not a state of society which it was desir able to contemplate. Rather ought it not to be the ob ject of the British Government to maintain in India some thing like that kind of spirit of competition which diver tt C h h ee Colonel ti n s e v e o hand, b sj o fi l ed our England at home? In the eloquent language of S y kes, an i od f lda th inn e atl G ino o dn v i e ao rn fas ment plan was carried out, mt S h i ea r n f T ta h wt a o alms consequences pursuingM on ro e i , n w otf r h i a t t i th n eg country, systemfgre or o fm v s e o r na India,tmhtheeß e t sßo rtohdhifateeideir describedeG c l i da a o vlte,;a7t. the strength of the English Government Indiaam s n among theghert e enjoynPe° extend to the lives and ez:n ta m l e n n d t ian ena a b a led b jec it ts t a o degree of protection which was enjoyed by no native power ; but that all those advantages were by the sacrifice of national independence charac terorrcaser asp eacntd, since twhateverha nativesremained f pl e t h o e f fr s u e i l t f ; occupation of their labour and pursue their diff in tranquillity, but they could aspire to beyondnothin o g eeup a mere animal state, for they could not look forward to any share in the military or civil government of their country. (Hear, hear.) Now he would ask the house was there an example within the whole range of conquest in which the natives of the country were so excluded from power as in the case of the people of India? (Hear, hear.) The point, however, which he wished specially to press upon the house was the manner in which the company had distributed its patronage, because that was the only subject upon which they exercised an absolute and unlimited discretion, and because on the mann er i n w hi c h th ey h ad performed their duty in this respect they could base their only claim to a renewal of confidence from the people of England. He believed, however, that he had shown that the company had exercised its vast prerogatives in the precise manner most calculated to benefit their own immediate family con nections—(hear, hear)—and in the manner least calculated either .to economise the resources of the country, or to strengthen the social system of native India. He had shown—firstly, bytheirabolition of the clause in the charter which prescribed that there should be competition for writerships, and, secondly, by their systematic exclusion of natives from office—that they had deliberately betrayed the trust which had been reposed in them by the Parlia ment of 1833, and broken the engagement on which they had permitted the right hon. member for Edinburgh (Mr. Macaulay) to ask for a renewal of their last lease of power. It was said, however, that the privileges of the direCtors were to be limited by this bill. But., surely, it was not enough to withdraw the mere possession of patronage which had been manifestly so misapplied. Surely, it would be intolerable that the administration of the humblest village in India should be left to the discretion of men who had shown themselves incapable of distributing a few writer ships in the course of each year without yielding to a melancholy and humiliating temptation. (Hear, hear.) He objected to the bill of the right hon. gentleman, be cause it seemed to him most strongly to combine the con tradictory disadvantages of precipitation and delay—(hear, hear)—because it continued a system of double govern ment, and multiplied checks, while it neutralised respon sibility. But, most of all, he opposed the measure because it continued the East India Company as the permanent organ of Government for that country. But still, no matter whether the share of influence to be retained by the company was great or small, he was convinced its con tinuance could only tend to retard progress, foster nepo tism, and impede the elevation of the native race into a community of which England and Englishmen could have any reason to be proud. (Hear, hear.) Mr. T. BARING said that his excuse for rising to tres pass upon the attention of the house would be that it was his wish not to detain them for any long time, for he felt that he had not the power which the hon. and learned gen tleman opposite (Mr. Blackett) seemed to think requisite to enable one to speak upon such a subject, namely, " to swell the soul and fire the imagination." As, however, it hap pened that he occupied the post of chairman of the com mittee which was sitting upon Indian affairs, he felt it his duty to offer some observations to the house. In the first place, then, he would state that though the very last petition presented to that committee prayed that legisla tion might be delayed, he himself was most anxious that no such hesitation should take place. He rejoiced, there fore, to see the bill introduced, although he must confess ho had doubts as to the policy of some of its provisions ; those doubts, however, would undergo discussion at a later stage, either to be removed, or to be confirmed and strengthened. But because the committee was still sitting Parliament was to adjourn its decision upon this question seemed to him a conclusion wholly unjustified by the cir cumstances of the case. He certainly admitted that it would have been desirable that the committee had bees appointed at an earlier period—(hear, hear)—that it had been nominated the year previously ; but still every hon. gentleman was well aware that the present enactment dealt only in a limited manner with the question of India, and that while the house was now called upon to legislate in regard of the machinery of government, the committee , continued to inquire into all those points which affected the development of the resources of that country. (Hear, hear.) It seemed to him, therefore, that, not only would it be unnecessary to delay legislation, but likewise that the committee had a duty to perform in continuing their investigation, in order to show the merchants of England what was the nature of the evidence brought before them, and to manifest to the people of India the anxiety of the House of Commons to examine into their condition and government. He confessed it was evident to him that if they weakened the power of govern ment in India by postponing the settlement of this ques tion for another year—(hear, hoar)—by, as it were, hanging up authority in aboyanco—by advertising for a new government—by calling upon England and India to agitate alike for the next two or three years—that they would be inflicting an injury upon India, the effects of which no good government in after years could rectify. And let him add, he knew of no greater curse to a country than that its inhabitants should know that the form of government under which they lived was condemned even by those who had bestowed it on them. But he would impress upon the house, and snore particularly upon the gentleman who had just sat down, that there was a very great difference in saying that we support the pro position of the Government as the one best calculated to give India a good Government, and that we support it because it is a plan which is only to last as long as it will be found applicable to that country ; because, in fact, the final settlement is still left within the control of Parlia ment. (Hear, hoar.) Nothing could be more injurious to India than to say that they would postpone legislation until the year the committee gave in their report. Next year it was stated they were to be occupied with a mea sure for the reform of Parliament ; and, if he was not very much mistaken, he had once heard the hon. member for Manchester allege as a reason for an immediate change in tho whole government of India, that in the year 1853 they would be in the midst of the hurricane of a reform bill. What would be the consequence of delay? Why neither would stability bo given to the reform which con fessedly ought to be forthwith introduced—credit at home would be diminished, and our power and influence abroad would be weakened. (Hear.) But it was said everything was tranquil in India, and, therefore, postponement was safe ; but he would ask was that a reason why legislation should be delayed to a snore convenient season ? For himself he believed that such was the disposition of the 200,000,000 inhabitants of India towards rule, and so un doubted was the fidelity of those 200,000 soldiers com posing our armies there, that there was no danger of any commotion to be apprehended. (Hear, hear.) But surely, it was not because their fidelity was unshaken, and be cause their attachment to us still persisted, that we should hesitate to bestow upon them the best government which was in our power. (Hear.) Ho would, therefore, cheer fully support the introduction of the measure of the Go, vernment ; firstly, because he felt that Parliament was bound to proceed with legislation at once, but mainly and principally because it preserved the double form of go vernment. (Cheers.) The hon. gentleman who had last addressed the house had contended against the idea that the difficulties which the government had to meet in legislating properly for India were at all of an ano malous character ; and he referred to Spain and Portugal, and pointed to how they had governed largo and distant dependencies. He (Mr. Baring), however, rejoiced to say that there was this difference in the cases referred to. In the one the unfortunate native inhabitants were de graded, exterminated, and expatriated ; while under our government of India, with all its defects, the people had every security for their lives and property—they were saved from all the horrors of internal dissension and foreign attack. (Loud cries of hear, hear.) Therefore he maintained, in the first place, that the present form of government, if its existence could be made compatible with the good government of India, was the administrative ma chiney which they ought to. endeavour to support. He had no wish whatever to see that g overnment in the hands of the Crown—(hear, hear)—in the hands of the Crown no longer controlled and independent of any other governing power ; not in the hands of the Crown as they had seen the colonies and our distant possessions. He wished to see the power exercised by a body subservient to the will of the country, because he could not imagine how the general policy of India could be separated from that of England. And he must say, that if they did not maintain an inde pendent check upon the acts of the Crown of England, that they would see that, for some party purpose, for some ephemeral and momentary party triumph, the security of India and its government would often be made a secondary object. (Hear, hear.) He had no wish to retard—on the contrary, it was his desire to promote by every means, the education and the advancement, social as well as physical, of the native population ; but he must say, looking as far as he could into the mystery of the future, lie could see no prospect of the native population administering their own government with advantage to the security of their country from foreign aggression, or to the promotion of union amongst themselves. Regarding each other with a jealousy often amounting to hatred--distracted as they were by dif ferences amongst themselves, if once they were separated from British rule their union against foreign aggression would be perfectly impracticable. On the other hand, lie believed, that if the plan which had been suggested of go verning India only through the agency of those who lied been resident in India, were adopted our permanent rule in that country would be completely jeopardised. (Hear, hear.) Therefore, as a friend of India he wished to see the government of India continued as it was, the company still maintaining its power, subject, as hitherto, to the great moral control of a body of men who were perfectly inde pendent of the influence of the minister of the day, and who would be able to defeat any attempt to make India a battle-field for parties. (Hear.) And let them look to what had occurred in the colonies—in Jamaica, in Ceylon —throughout our whole West India colonies, at the Cape and in Australia ; and would ary one calmly say, regard ing our great party struggles, that the government of those distant dependencies has not been bandied about from side ca po usweer in of the his to side—kept flying lik e a s h u ttl ecock in the air, as long as the controversy served any pa r ty p urpose ? (Loud criesh E ea ng r li , s h h eard ra a' e haddim of diminish in desire I to adi see a, the be heart he believed that by extending its influence the glory of the British nation and the interests of civilisation and freedom were advanced all over the world. But he would say give to India that form f (Hear, hear.) which might best serve to protect England o government and that only could be done by keepingfrom herself— vortex of party politics. He did not India out of the broached by the hon, member f agree with the opiniot or night. He could not conceive a Manchester the other • for India than one Composed of worse form. of government sident in that tona l/ r ~„ }serous, who had been re . Kr ; " 4 ' " 33 . 4 L'41117 or forty years. • • v.ou. e lion. member mist a ll ow ato correct him. I quite coincide in his opinion that it would be impossible to govern India by such a council. Mr. T. BARING was most happy; then, to find that bankers and brewers were not quite such bad legislators after all—(laughter) —and that it was agreed that there would not be much wisdom in forming any administration from a particular class—be they lawyers or merchants. (Hear.) Nor could he assure the hon. member that he would be disposed to make an exception to the rule even where the parties were disciples of the Manchester School. (Laughter.) He believed that the council to be formed ought to embrace within it men perfectly acquainted with the state of affairs in England, and all the bearings of English society, as well as those well versed in the details of Indian matters. Neither did he believe that the mode of election was as objectionable as was imagined. On the contrary, he maintained that there was this advantage attendant upon the present system, that it tended by the notoriety given to each candidate to uphold the integrity of the Directory. (Hear.) He was not one of those who pretended that in many respects our government of India had disappointed expectatipn. He believed there had been unnecessary delay in prbviding a code of law for that country, and that public works had been too much re tarded. But hon. gentlemen must bear in mind that the Court of Directors were not always responsible for those evils. They had had wars in India, and they could not say that these wars had always been undertaken by th e e v desire ern t of e t n he company, weretto b e diverted, or tha t , if that b their influencetese wars wouldwi t with b e the g happenof l less tfrequentere e o h c a c d u r r been e nc e i o . di ( v lea ual ri Perhaps nsta neeso it fpa m tro igh o t . hada patron ago o being been a b exercised;u sed a s t i a l l , m o a n n the w to h o p ]. e r , od t h o a e e t p a a body r o o d n y a g o e f public servants, of which this or any other country might be proud. (Hear, hear.) And let him ask the honourable gentleman opposite (Mr. Blackett) to suppose that some enlightened natives of 'lndia came over, could they not point to us, and say, " See, your judgments are not infallible ; for your verdicts are always in accordance with evidence. (Hear.) N or d o your l ega l re f or m s d a t e from a very ancient period. Behold the anomaly of a con stitution which permits a veto that is never used—that grants a negative power which is never brought to bear." And yet, though all that was true, were they to be pre cluded from introducing change s into the administration of their affairs. (Hear, hear.) Much as he differed from the honourable member for Manchester, upon one point at all events he agreed with him, and that was, that this was not a question between Manchester and Eases—that it was no party question to be made the football of contention in this house. (Hear, hear.) Much as he had learned from his attendance on the committee of inquiry, one thing in particular he had learned, and that was, the great import ance of caution in our changes with regard to India—(hear, hear)—the great necessity o f p roc l a i m i ng that they would not falter in giving the best form of government within their reach to India, but, above all, the necessity— the imperative necessity of preserving this great question se parated from the influence of party strife and the blasting triumphs of party objects and party discussion. (Loud cries of hear, hear.) Sir H. MADDOCK said he was convinced that it would be more advisable to postpone legislation at least until next year than to pass such a measure as the right hon. gentleman had proposed. While he was in communication with the British Association when he was last in India, in reference to the appointment of a fit person as their agent in Calcutta to promote their views, ho satisfied himself upon this point—that there was no expectation amongst the intelligent part of the community that there would be another act passed for India during the present session. He would not, however, make any objection to the intro duction of the bill proposed, although he entertained some strong objections to many of its provisions. He was de cidedly opposed to the system of a double government. If it were the desire of the house to get rid of frequent dis cussions upon the question, the proposition of a double government would no doubt have the effect of attaining that object. He confessed that so far the measure pro posed contained many improvements upon the former system. He did not consider it to be just or proper that India should continue to be governed in the name of the East India Company. The witnesses who were examined before the committee on India were unanimously of opinion that justice should be hereafter administered di rectly in the name of the Crown. It was true that the military servants of the East India Company received their commission from the Crown, but this was done only for the sake of convenience, in order to fix their relative rank, when serving in the field or at court martial, with the offi cers of the Queen's army. Since the institution of the order of the Bath, only two members of the civil service were thought worthy of the consideration of the Crown. The existence of the East India Company was for many years a mystery to the people of India. Bat the veil had been lately removed from their eyes, and they were now to be told that for the future they were to be held in subjec tion by the East India Company. For a period of 70 years the coin in India was impressed with the name of the King of Delhi. In 1815, when he went to India; the seal of the Governor-General had an inscription on it in Hindostanee language, " Slave of the King." That system had long ceased to be the case. The tables were now turned, and the King of Delhi was considered at present in the light of a mere pensioner. He thought it was high time that the Crown should be directly represented in India. He asked how could the fidelity of the troops be relied on when they were told that they owed subjection to a power which was not really in existence ? He perceived it was proposed to name a new Legislative Council in Calcutta, and to give a great number of members to the council. He doubted much whether there would be sufficient business to occupy much of the time of those officers. But perhaps it was in the con templation of the right hon, gentleman that many of those officers should 'exercise other duties. There was, however, one omission which he hoped wou ld b e supplied by the right hon. gentleman. There had been no allusion made in the employment in the Legislative Council of any of the natives of the country. (Hear.) He could have no hesitation in saying that, if there was any position in which they could place the most distinguished of the nati*ee vith advantage, it was one in which they would have to legislate for their fellow-countrymen. Mr. DANBY SEYMOUR said he thought it must be evident to all persons that sufficient care was not taken of the interests of India by the Government of this country. Ho considered that the committee appointed to inquire into the affairs of India were very partially selected. Of the 39 members who formed that committee, 3/ of them were connected with her Majesty's Government and the East India Company. There were, therefore, only eight inde pendent members upon the committee. They had already heard what the opinions of the chairman were upon the subject. It was utterly useless to bring any witnesses before such a committee. So extraordinary had been the conduct of the Government in respect to this committee, that though they had last year finished the question, as far as the Home Government was concerned, it was this year re-opened by the right hon. baronet the President of the Board of Control himself; notwithstanding which, the right hon. gentleman proposes to bring in his bill before the evidence taken by the committee was reported to the house, and in the hands of hon. members. (Hear.) He asked whether the commonest railway bill would be treated with such disrespect? He (Mr. D. S.) had had the advan tage of passing some two or three a ears in the Russian- Asiatic possessions, both under the old system of govern ment and when a new system was introduced by one of' the most able administrators that had ever lived. He could assure the house that that new system of government had increased in a great degree Russian influence through out the whole of Asia, and had been crowned with the greatest success. When he was in that country the 50 different nations of the Caucasus were treated nearly in the same manner as the British Government had continued to treat our possessions in India. For some time the whole possessions of Russia rested upon a volcano, which every moment threatened to explode and to overwhelm. During the year before he had gone to India, there were such con spiracies organised that the natives were prepared to assas sinate the whole of the Russian authorities. About a week before the appointed time for the revolt, information of the existence of such conspiracies had arrived from St. Petersburgh, and measures were immediately taken to meet the threatened danger. he had the great advantage of seeing the old system completely changed, and the most enlightened policy carried out in its stead. That policy had proved eminently successful, and he heard the natives express the greatest satisfaction with it. The natives, therefore, generally felt that they had more to hope from Russian policy than English. In the Russian possessions every one had equal privileges, and at the present time one of the most distinguished generals upon whom Russia re lied with confidence was an Armenian—a man of a nation that our Government would not permit to hold an ensign's commission. The Armenian might enter the Russian civil service, and might aspire to the highest dignity in the State. There was no difference made in respect to creed, colour, or caste—everything was thrown open to the natives, and the utmost satisfaction was felt by them. Could they doubt that when the time came to choose between those two nations, which would each go on extending their boundaries until at last the empires touched, which would be successful ? He could not con ceive at the present time a more important subject than this. Ho must say that he had never heard such a conti nuation of misrepresentation from beginning to end, as he had heard in the speeches of the right hon. gentlemen the President of the Board of Control and the hon. member for Huntingdon (Mr. F. Baring). He hoped that the people would study the subject for themselves, and not permit themselves to receive the false impressions which those speeches were so well calculated to convey. The 'Whig policy of 1839 was not one which brought success or glory to this country ; it was an eminent failure, and yet it ap peared that this was the policy that was now to bo con tinued. In reply to the taunt of the hon. member for Honiton (Sir J. W. Hogg), that the opponents to the policy had not examined the papers before Parliament or the evi- dence given before the committee, he (Mr. S.) would say, first, that the evidence had been taken before a partial committee, and was not, therefore, worth anything. The inquiry was looked upon in India as a mere mockery, and was designated as such by the Indian papers. He would quote an extract from the history of the Affghan war, by Mr. Kaye, for the purpose of showing how those powers entrusted to the East India Company had been exercised. Was it not a notorious fact that in the papers which had been received from India everything that told against the case of the East India Company and our Government was cut out and suppressed ? (Hear, hear.) Why, the whole India government was a mys wn te taa ry thereof then t, o e iniquity.oanrrasi knew that such a personage had existed as Post Mahammed. dnegree considered i They mostff ereeyn im portant. ealnlisl In his time Russia and England were nearly going to war. to be favourable to the p o T n h or e t tt njut.apositionhsoirinof A. Amiff Burnes g w h a a n s i tv a t a a a ns disposed English cause, and when the Russian embassy came to Cabool he was not well received by it. Does Mahornmed's and Sir Alexander Rtumes's letters were transmitt e d t o the those government of Engl an d , and in letters everything that told against the case of the Indian Government was actually cut out. He would read lir Kaye's observations upon this subject. It was only by a ' letter . that was dis covered after Sir Alexander Barnes'sß death, which was sent to this country by his father, who was indignant at the way in which his son had been treated by the Government, that the real facts became known Now here were the othbeseErvaaatjionsof _Mr. Kay e on the known, histo r i a n o f b India Company? [The hon. member then quoted Mr. Kaye's testimony, to the effect that a lie had been Palmed upon the world by the governor of 1839 and the Court of Directors, who on that occasion bore false wit ness against their neighbours, Poet Mohammed and Capt. Burnes.] That was the reason he (Mr. Seymour) put no faith in any of th e d ocumen t s f urn i s h e d b y th e E as t I n di a Company and th e B oar d o f C on t ro l. T urn i ng to other misrepresentations of the hon. member forHonit n on s ,i e n e red at the hon. member for Manchester on the case of I)arugo re gard to the police of India, that hon. member had agreed that a single and the police. He (Mr. Seymour) case should not he taken as indicative of 4 with such the state of B e n . gal ; but the petition which had been treated of Control, and which had b een presented under the auspices of three most res p ec t a b le contempt by the Board told a different story. The hon. mem b er for d that the administrati on o f j ustice in India was perfect , The petition stated the contra r y. It uonitoli gentlemen, hs4 declare of 1 Of th e Aio 1104 i 101 1 4 3/ 18?