The Sun. — London, England, 1822-01-30 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE. The following Copy of a Letter has been trans mitted to us by a Correspondent : " ST. PETERSBURG ' DEC. '29, 1821.—" For a long time we have not heard so many heavy com plaints touching the badness of trade as at pre seat. Several commercial houses of the first re spectability have addressed themselves to Govern ment, through the Minister of Commerce, (Count Von LAMBERTOsoliciting pecuniary relief against the hypothecation of their property. Generally speaking the Government has acted with great liberality : the required aid not only has been granted, but the mercantile body have been offi cially informed that their petition to have their merchandise four months longer in the ware houses, without payment of the duties, has been fa:oarably riceived, and that their wishes will iu r-os , equence be complied with. The repre sei:tations, too, which have been made against the projected alterations in the new Tariff, alter ations which all practical men concur in viewing as highly prejudicial to their operations, there is pleasure in stating, have been attended with the desired effect ; Government, in fact, waves them altogether. Much praise is justly due to Count Von Lambert for his very hearty es pousal of the mercantile interests, and for his • unremitting efforts with the Executive till his point was carried. Let us hope that with the ap proach of spring a healthful activity will infuse it self into business,and that the murmurings we have had to notice will constitute a tale of the past...— At the great fair at Nischneynovgorod, nothwith standing the badness of the times, goods to the value of 7‘2-1- millions • of, rubles have been dis posed of. Taxes are every where obnoxious : and, certainly ata moment of pressure, it were good policy to refrain from imposing any of an objectionable nature. Every wholesale merchant pays yearly for his pass, i. e. his license, 100 rubles. lie is now further required to furnish his establishment annually with three counting house books, containing 300 leaves : For every sucit leaf, the government tax is two rubles. Formerly a brokers' note was subject to a stamp of 50 copecs : it is now three rubles. So that you see, acute as you esteem your Chancellor of the Exchequer, he might gain a financial hint even from the Banks of the Neva. " The cause of the Greeks, as is natural—is decidedly popular in Russia. Though we can not precisely foretell events, every one does an ticipate the downfall of Turkish tyranny. The folhwing fact, as elucidatory of the feeling, even in Is<•'gli places, towards the unhappy fugitives who have been driven from their homes money less, is deserving of mention. In the city of Tobolsk, lately, a subscription of 2000 rubles, (we are not sure it is not 12,000 rubles, the figures being blot ted), was raised in a very short time--such sub scription having originated with the Minister of Public Worship, Prince Golytzin, aided also by the Governor-General of Siberia. Last Monday (viz. on the 21th inst.) there was a grand levee at Court, in honour of the Emperor's birth-day.- Amongst a great many persons of dis tinction, who had the honour to be presented, were the gentlemen attached to his Britannic Majesty's Embassy, viz. Mr. Villars, Mr. Bank head, Mr. Fouche ; and an English gentleman on his travels ; a Mr. Pegrin ; the suite of the French Embassy, the Viscount Pontkarre, Chef-de-bataillon, and Secretary of Legation, Viscount de Brese, Lieutenant of Embassy ; and the Count de Grandpre, Captain in the French Navy ; M. de Coignard, Secretary of the Wirtemberg Embassy ; the Prussian Major Than, of the Imperial Grenadiers ; Mr. Ad jutant Schoeler, of the same Regiment ; and Lieutenant Schoeler, of the Guards ; the Tii,;can Nobleman, the Marquis de Perier; Nobleman, Count Salasar ; the Privy Court seller, Von Trantvetter, attached to the Saxon Legation ; Mr. Von Kronsborg, Chamberlain and Secretary to the Swedish Legation ; and Mr. Dunker, Aide-de-Camp to the War Minister in Sweden ; the Spanish Charge d'Affaires, Colonel Anguez ; Mr. Calderon de la Barca ; and the Consul General, the Chevalier Zea de Her mudes. " They write from Moscow that the beau monde there have had an important accession to their evening amusements :—A very well orga nised Corps d'Opera, from Italy, have adventur ed to speculate on Muscovite patronage ; and it is said they are likely to succeed r? They made their debut in the private theatre be login!): to Count Apraxin, with the Opera Buffa " 11 Turco in Italia." by Rossini. .The whole of the performers gave great satisfaction, particularly a Madame Anti, who was prima donna ; and a Signor Pertn.ii, by his fine tenor voice. " Professor Goruschkin, one of the most learned Jurisconsults in all Russia, and a very amiable man, died lately in that ancient capital of the Czars. He had bee❑ upwards of 50 years a devoted servant of the State ; and so perfect was he in legal knowledge that he could repeat the whole of the Russian Code—civil and crimi nal. He was 74 years of age. 44 I conclude with telling you we still have re markably mild weather : neither frost nor snow ; an extraordinary phenomena at so advanced a season in this climate." BRUSSELS PAPERS. BRUSSELS, JAN. 22.—The Court of Assizes yesterday passed sentence, after seven years' de liberation, in the affair of the Vrai Liberal. Messrs. Maubach and Collette were acquitted, and the Count Depestre de la Ferte and M. Oils condemned to a year's imprisonment and to the payment of the costs. Such is the issue of a trial which has for a long time engaged the attention of the public in the southern provinces. It is supposed that the Count de la Ferte will appeal to the Court of Cessation. J.N.VIIZSNA, l4.—The Austrian Observer of to-day contains the following article : " The latest accounts from Constantinople (re ceived by express) are to the 29th December. On the 2Gth, in the afternoon, the Marquess de Latour Maubourg, the French Ambassador, arrived here on board one of the King's ships. The next day he was visited by the Diplomatic Body. Yesterday he announced his arrival to the Porte, by the first Interpreter, M. Jouannin, and the first Secretary of Legation, M. Adanson. To-day he received the formal visit of the inter preter of the Porte, and the presents usual from the Porte on such occasions. The Porte has received the following intelli gence from Bagdad. The Persians have entirely ceased hostilities, and peace may be considered as concluded between the two Powers. This notice was brought by a Tartar, who left Bagdad on the 10th November. The Persian troops had repeatedly attacked the places nearest that city, but had always been repulsed with loss by the Paella's troops. Both parties weary of this state of war, without any object, which had continued for a considerable time, joyfully accepted the mediation of a Sheik, who is highly esteemed by the Turks of that province, and also by Schasade Mahomet Ali Mirza, Governor of Kermanshah. An amicable arrangement, removing every mis understanding, was immediately concluded, ac cording to which the two Paellas of the Curds are not to be removed from their posts.—Ab dullah Pacha will remain in Sulhnanje, and Mahmoud Pacha in Koi-Sanschah. Neither of them can be removed from his post or deposed without the joint consent of the Pacha of Bagdad and the Governor of Kermanshah. The Persians engaged immediately to leave the Ottoman terri tory, and to make good without delay the damage they had done. _ _ According to later accounts, Mohamed Ali Mirza had fallen ill, and was unable to sign the convention with the Pacha of Bagdad, and his First Minister was obliged to do it. This circumstance, and the extraordinary haste with which the Persian troops made their retreat, gave some credit to the report that the Prince, who is considered as the real author and promoter of the hostilities with the Porte, was really dead. According to the same accounts, the cholera morbus has raged dreadfully in those countries, and especially in Schiraz. More than 7000 per sons have fallen victims in a few days to this pes tilential disorder. Among them were the mother, several children, and many other relations, ser vlnts, and slaves of the Schalasade, Mahornet Ali Mirza." A report is generally spread that Ali Pacha has at length sunk under the Ottoman power ; that the castle of Joannina has been taken by storm, and that Ali perished. This news does not seem to deserve niuch credit. SPAIN. BARCELONA, JAN. 16.—The change of Minis try was, very seasonably made, and communi cated to this province ; for those who had ad dressed the King on that subject had fixed a certain day, on which, if they did not hear that the Ministry were dismissed, they should proceed to ulterior determinations ; and they only had the intelligence one day prior to the period fixed upon. This, among other things, evinces the truth of the observation which I formerly made, that the determinations of the Executive upon this subject would be greatly influenced by the decision of this province, which carries the chief weight in the scale of peninsular politics. The ardour of patriotism which actually prevails here may be estimated by the singular phenomenon, of an unofficial individual, like Riego, reviewing the troops, accompanied by the Constituted Au thorities as his attendants. This scene was pre sentea on Sunday last. The five battalions of national militia, in the best order, and full of enthusiasm, were drawn up on the sea wall, and reviewed by General Riego, accompanied by the Civil and Military Authorities ; after which they defiled in companies to the square of the Consti tution, where they drew up in mass fronting the Captain General's palace, and were addressed by Genyral Riego, from the centre balcony, in the following terms : " National Militia, chosen children of the ce lebrated Barcelona, you here see me fulfilling my intention of addressing you, before I pro ceed to the capital of free Spain. It is with ineffable delight that I contemplate your war= like - , imposing, and patriotic attitude ; but my feelings are still more deeply affected, when I consider the noble patriotism with which you have discharged the duties of humanity in ea la, mitous times. This generous conduct, unexampled in the history of the world, has entitled you to the gratitude of the nation, and crowned you with never-fading laurels. Envied mortals, you have raised yourselves to a pitch of glory which it would be difficult to surpass !—But there yet remains another act of self-devotion to per form, which must be Year to the hearts of the children of liberty, and cannot be difficult foi those who have already distinguished themselves by the practice of such sublime virtues.—Union! union ! anion ! I say union. Ah how has it abandoned our fine soil ! Everywhere the spirit of mortal discord cruelly agitates all bosoms, and, under every species of disguise, inexorably pre pares the total ruin of the heroic Spanish nation. Everywhere we see the terrible effects of its in defatigable and perverse manceuvres. There is not a people among whom its vile germ has not produced liberticide results !—How much mast those have deceived themselves who have, with such confidence, presumed that the heroic Barce lonese would be susceptible of so low and de testable a passion. Oh ! ye deluded of the earth, hear the most solemn protest of the virtuous Ca talans, especially of the inhabitants of this cele brated city. We are vain-glorious of being members of the first nation of the world—free Spain ; but we also appreciate highly being Ca talans. The pure blood which runs in our veins, and nourishes our constitutional sentiments, will never belie that of our renowned ancestors, who have so often cheerfully fought for their idolized liberty and independence. Always faithful and perfect imitators of those illustrious Barons, our representatives, who (in union with those of Arragon and Valencia, which counted among them a St. Vicente Ferran) decided in the begin ning of the sth century, in the town of Carpe, which of five candidates was the most worthy of wearing the Crown of Arragon ; we know how to maintain our rights, or to perish for their pre servation. All the furies which Avernus can vomit forth will not be capable of disuniting us. We have sworn the Constitutions or death ; let us repeat, death or the Constitution ; and firmly resolved in our holy purpose, like Calpe and Davila, we will mock the despicable and pitiful intrigues of the impotent enemies of our happi ness, and as immoveable promontories despise the froth-v billows of the boisterous seas. Our im mortal motto is, and will be, " Union," because on that depends our success. Inhabitants of Barcelona, let this. always -be uppermost in our thoughts and in our desires. Henceforth let us abandon ourselves to it, and to a vigi lant confidence. Fierce and desperate despotism from that moment expires. I already see her tearing her ensanguined hair, and plunging her-. self into the dark mansions of pain, and of the tricks of her satellites, from whence she will never emerge —never, never. Live union, live unien, live union ; live free Spain ; live the Con stitution of 1812 ; live the religion of our an cestors ; live the Constitutional King ; live the militia, the garrison, and the inhabitants of Bar celona !" He afterwards read the Royal order for displac ing the four Ministers ; exhorted the people to peace, order, and tranquillity ; said that he gloried in being amongst the greatest lovers of the Consti tution ; but observed, that if the • Constitution causes you to live in perpetual disturbance, you will come at last to abhor and detest it, especially living in an industrious country like Catalonia, which cannot prosper amidst riots and continual alarms. He concluded by announcing, that in the next legislature, in which he was going to oc cupy a seat, great interests in favour of the cause of liberty would be treated of. The battalions then defiled amidst great acclamations. LITERARY NOTICE.—TIDE lONIAN ISLANDS, by TER- Tura T. C. ICE:mimic, Esq. We have noticed with much pleasure a book on the lonian Islands by this Gentleman. — We have seldom met with a work of travels more interesting, and comprehending in so small a space so much information. It is written without any affectation of learning, and does high credit to Mr. KENDRICK'S abilities. From the sketches he has given on the state of so ciety and manners, we can easily comprehend the character of the lonians. Mr. K. has evi dently been a close observer of the manners, morals, and intellectual qualities of those island ers, and appears to be the only person who has travelled in those parts who has given any clear information respecting them. It is difficult, per haps, to divest ourselves of the ideas so strongly impressed on our minds by the early course of every man's classical studies, which leads us to respect and venerate the Greek character ; it is, therefore, with regret that we notice the present account of the lonians, who Mr. K. exhibits as a mercantile race certainly, but not of the respect able class, being crafty and dishonourable in their dealings and actions. Mr. KENDRICK progres sively describes the manners and customs of Zante, Paxo, Parga, Cerigo, Cephalonia, and finally Corfu. The ancient history of the latter isle is highly interesting, and from the circum stance of its being the only one that has hitherto appeared from the English Press will become valuable. The amusements of the Corfuoites are sketched with ease, and are marked with spirit. Altogether, we regret that Mr. K. did not extend his work to a larger size, as his mate rials are ample and valuable. We observe that Mr. K. has spoken highly in favour of Sir Tilos. MAITLAND, against whom so much has been said of late.—This is a subject upon which we have not sufficient information to enable us to de cide, but of course we are boend to defer to the 'statement of a Gentleman who has visited the spot; who has obviously been vigilant in his inquiries, and appears to be impartial in his observations. The work is dedicated, by per mission, to the Right Honourable - Cu \RLES MAN NERS SUTTON, Speaker of the House of Com mons a Gentleman who is not likely to patro nize any person not competent to write on the subject which he undertakes. We shall resume our notice of this work, as it abounds in new and curioci information. Yesterday forenoon, it was announced from the Bench of the First Division, that Lord BA L MUTO had given in his resignation as one of th- Judg-os of the Court of Session. We under stand that WILLIAM Enstirsc, Esq. advocate, sheriff of Orkney, is to be raised to the Bench, vacant by his Lordship's resignation, and that JAMES ALLAN MACONOCHIE, Esq. succeeds Mr, ERSKINE in the sheriffship.—( Edinburgh Courant. Ja:z. 2 4.) THE SUN. SOLE.4I QUIS 1)ICEI?E FALSUM AUDEAT LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 30, 1822. Letters from Constantinople were received yes terday in town, bearing date the 29th of Decem ber, at which time the Divan had not come to any determination respecting the Russian U/ti mutant. Brussels Papers to the 26th inst. arrived last night, from which we give extracts under the head of Foreign Intellizence. They also bring intelligence from Constantinople to the 29th of December, which is quite silent on the subject of the UP/ma/um. It appears, however, by these accounts, that the war between the Porte and Persia is at an end. The articles of the French Libel Law, which have passed in Friday's and Saturday's Sittings, include none of the provisions most repugnant to our ideas of freedom and equity ; but as the clauses hitherto proposed have been vehemently contested and yet triumphantly carried, we may anticipate the passing of those which are most obnoxious, with a fuller confidence than if the opposition had appeared to reserve itself for the strongest points. In the first article, by which those who shall ridicule or insult religion are subjected to fines of from 300 to 10,000 francs, and imprisonment from three months to five years, an amendment proposed by the Committee, inflicting a higher degree of punishment where the religion of the Stiite should be assailed, than in other cases, was now abandoned, for the sake (it was said) of terminating tl►e violent clamours and accusations to which it had given rise. The clause, thus reduced to an enactment for the de fence of religion generally, was still combated with great heat. It was urged that, instead of punishment being inflicted on libellers, a remedy should be applied to the causes in which libels of this nature originate, such as the " temerity of some frivolous writers," the misconduct of go vernment in religious matters, and the culpable proceedings of devout corporations. We cannot but think, however, that, until the suppression of these evils can be generally agreed upon, and shall appear likely to be one day carried into effect, it is not amiss to have a law provided which may prevent the minds of simple and ill-educated persons from being debauched or scandalised by a public mockery in writings, speeches, or caricatures, (for all these come within the enactment,) of the highest Christian virtues, the most sacred and solemn ordinances, the holiest things and persons, and even the being and attributes of the DEITY himself. Such a precaution is most peculiarly requisite in a country professing the Catholic re ligion, which appeals so frequently and strongly to the senses by its peagantry and ceremonious observances. The good, whatever it may be, which these are calculated to produce in a sus ceptible and artless mind, is immediately con verted to the most fatal mischief, when they be come associated with low and ludicrous ideas; for the effect of such ridicule is not to lead the devotee into a more rational course of piety, but to disengage him from religion altogether.— An apprehension was felt or affected that this law might interfere with the freedom of polemi cal discussion, and M. MANUEL, to obviate the danger, proposed a clause which was negatived by a large majority.—The second article inflicts a fine of from 300 to 6,000 francs and imprison ment from three months to five years, on those who, by the means specified in the law, shall assail the Royal dignity and authority. This was opposed by many captious and quibbling object►ons. General FOY recommended that the " Royal dignity" should be left out as matter too indefinite, and that the words " Royal autho rity" should be guarded by an introduction of the word 44 Constitutional.'' His amendment began thus—" All formal attacks by one of the said means against the inviolability of the King's person, the order of succession to the Throne, the constitutional authority of the King," &c. According to this truly liberal alteration, the French Monarch might have been pursued with every taunt, blackened with every calumny, as. sailed with every invective most intolerable to gentleman or man, his person and actions exposed to the utmost wantonness of contempt, pamphlets, speeches,prints,efligies, placards, popular cries; the whole artillery of licentiousness might have been lisguisedly directed against him; in short he might have been treated as Lours XVI. Iraq in his misfortunes ; and vet the law would have afforded him no relief, unless perchance the Courts had been allowed to stand open to him as a Pry vate individual. Nay, the Kingly authority itself might have been freely attacked ill mail of its most important points, under the shelter of the word " constitutional ;" for every offen der would have alleged that this authority was pro' tected in such points only as are dwelt upon hi the Charter; and the Charter, it is well known/ enters into no detailed account of the Reg al power And functions, but touches upon them yen briefly, and only in a few leading particulars.' It appears, indeed, that under the law now eN' isting, several pErsons have owed their acquit tal to a subtle distinction between the " authority'' and the " constitutional authority." Genera l FOY'S amendment and several others were neg a ' tived by great majorities.—The third clause re lated to attacks on the rights guaranteed hY articles 5 and 9 of the Charter, which secure re ligious toleration, and the inviolability of pr' s perty, including the domains called national.' With the passing of this enactment SaturdaY' s sitting concluded. The next points for conside r " ation will be the repression of attacks on the King's Government, of slander on the Court s ' constituted bodies, and, public authorities, and 0f libellous injury directed against Members of th e two Chambers. public functionaries, ministers of religion, jurymen, and witnesses, with referen ce to their several offices or duties. .IRELAND.—The Irish papers received 6 15 morning contain further particulars of the out rages in that distracted country, part of may now be considered as in a state of open bellion. The affair between the military and th e insurgents near Macroom, on Thursday last, di d not terminate, it appears, till dusk, when ti' e Rebels, notwithstanding the severe loss w' ll4.lz they had sustained, were so far from being eith er dispersed or disheartened, that they proceede d in great force to the residence of JAmes BAr.KY , Esq. of Kilbarry, which they burned to th ground. Mr. BARRY and his family were tunately at Macroom. This was on the Thais day evening, after the battle with the The Cork Advertiser, of last Saturday, after givlng an account of these transactions, says " YesterdaY (Friday) a party of the Rebels, who had come from Dunmanway towards Macroom, and asier" - bled on the hilts, were attacked by the Ar lT° : commanded by Colonel MITCHELL, RCcompailie(l by Sir N. C. COLTHURST and Mr. licnocs EV' E ' Great numbers of the Rebels were killed an d wounded,—thirty brought into Macroom as sorters, and two dead bodies."—lf correct, statement shews, that the Rebels not only iceP t possession of the country, but that they had bad the courage to sustain another attack of the Wil l ' tart', which probably did not terminate ti ll night-fall also ; for we have no account of ttr e dispersion of the insurgent force.—We hate hopes, however, that the paragraph which w e have quoted is only another version of t" affair of Thursday, which may have crep t into the Cork paper in an inaccurate for' ll. The bringing in of the prisoners, and of " two dead bodies " to Macroom, is in 13' your of such an opinion. The same Paper alto states, that " at a very early hour on Fridag morning, two troops of the carbineers, and tw ° companies of the 84th, marched from Cork Alacroom, and were accompanied or immediate l f, followed by Sir JOHN I.AmnuttT, who return ° yesterday (Friday) evening. These detachment s have also returned, without falling in with and of the Insurgents." On the other hand, tb e same Paper informs u 4, that on Friday, ' t tween the hours of three and four, several house s on the lands of Lehanaghmore, within two miles of'this city (Cork), were attacked and robbed. V e Insurgents came in great numbers, and %re re armed ,with guns, bayonets on poles, scythes' &c. &c. Such a near approach to the City very alarming."—On Friday night the inhabit' ants of Bandon were in extreme apprehension ° an attack from the rebels. They spent a s leer less night, expecting every moment a hostile p is. from the insurgents. The force which attacked the Whiteboys, after the destruction of the mail coach, on ThursOP consisted of a detachment of the 11th Regirtle nt l. of about 80 of the Rifle Brigade, and a party °f the Carbineers. They were commanded bi Colonel MITCHELL, accompanied by Mr. llEfl af EYRE, and a numerous cavalcade of Magistra tes and Gentlemen of the neighbourhood, who bey hayed with great intrepidity and firmness. ' 3 e Rebels were provided with blankets, and ar e parently prepared in other respects for a bsell ce from home. They were posted on a hill ; were engaged under a well-concerted plan of a il, tack. The infantry were brought, unseen, wit I situa th e "who Lion, insui recei been Purse can atta c have 4 'ent S ary co rril t hat only ordi n by a not SOn 1 I lece o riel chars tStab Aerso from their belies fa llital ti aras, th at c it l 1 ,, 43 the Vii th4nli th e n t o ex. bli tz the u but, t o ex se em: lat e i ti cai tr uth youl c Cl Ja nu S tate Co y( 41111 b een t4, rii 14 fa, 44t N pp Nit e Of ex 14st th ou, %hoc 41 04 ki lo] tern. to p i 1104 Se elll s erpi have le Vel that seh oc or 2 Port. tr ee Iron ra p i d TO CORRESPONDENTS. The Letter from Sir H An co unT LEES, to-morrow.—lNDEX, on Friday or Saturday, at farthest. K. CILARLEs 31mrryn.—Holiday at the Lark, Exchequer, East India and South Sea Houses. /HMI WATER AT LONDON LIIIIDOE TO-MORROW, Morninz, 32 minutes after 8. I Evening, 56 minutes after 8,