The Sun. — London, England, 1853-05-17 00:00:00

IiFFICE OF THE GAS LIGHT AND COKE COMPANY, Uorseferry-road, Westminster, 17 th May, 1853. Notice is hereby given, That a SPECIAL GENERAL COURT of tin; f'ROPRIE FORS of this Company will be held at the Company's Works, liorseferry road, Westminster, on TUESDAY, the 7th day of June next, at Eleven o'clock in the Forenoon, pursuant to the Act of the 59th year of his late :Majesty Ring George 111., for the Elec tion of three Directors of this Company for four years, la the room of three Directors (all of whom are eligible to be re-elected), who will then go out of office by efflux of time ; and should a ballot be required, it will continue open for four hours from its commencement. And notice having been given of a motion to be made at this Meet ing, to request the Directors to reconsider their minute of Ist Aug., 1851, the same will be submitted to the Meeting. By order of the Court of Directors , C. BURLS, Secretary. N.B. The chair will be taken at Twelve o'clock precisely, and none but Proprietors admitted. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. —Open for the season Whit• Monday and four fotiovving days.—Tho Zoological Collectinn contains a variety of in teresting specimens, and the Gardens throughout have been improved arid beautified. The Pictorial lteprese.,tation is ban extensive VIEW IP of the BAY and FORTS of CII,AN, painted y Messrs. Denson, and s t dusk is represented the attayk of the Chinese fire-rafts on the BrAih fleet, explosion-ships, :cc. —Grand Vocal and Instrumental Concert. Ergagetrent of the eminent vocalist,Cicely Nott. Coductor, Mr. Godfrey.— May-day Games and Rustic Sports, May pole and Morris Dances. "Pop goes the Weasel," by 25 coup; e, con eneted by Mr Flexmore.—An extra Military Band during the day time ; and at dusk a grand display of Fireworks, combined with the Feast of Lanterns and other displays. —Doers open from 9 in the morning. Admisston, Is. THEARTE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Under the management of Mr. Buekstone. THIS EVENING, MAY 17, Will be produced (third time, THE MOUSETRAP. Characters by C4STS. Tilbury, Chippendale, Rogev, Buckstone. W. Farren, nut Eth• ardi ; 3irs. Poynter. M.sses A. Moulds, Louisa Howard, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, and Mrs. Stanley. A.Per which, MR. BUCKSTO.NS'S ASCENT OF MOUNT PAR NAS,Ws. To conclude with OUR MARY ANNE. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. Charles Kean. THIS EVENING, MAY 17, Will be presented CHARLES THE SECOND. Characters by Messrs. W. Lacy, J. Vining, Addison, and Cathcart; Misses Murray and C. Leclercq. To conclude with BLACK-EYED SUSAN. Characters by Messrs. T. P. Cooke, Wright, Meadows, Manvers, Graham, Everett, F. Cooke, and Saker ; Mrs. W. Lacy and Miss Murray. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Management of Madame Vestris. THIS EVENING, MAY 17, Will be performed A.S.S. Characters by Messrs. F. Mathews , eater, and Rosiere ; Mrs. Macnamara and Miss Wyndham. After which, A FAST TRAIN—HIGII PRESSURE EXPRESS. Characters by Messrs. C. Mathews, Baker, and Suter. To be followed by TRYING IT ON. Principal character by Mr. C. Mathews. To which will he added a DIVERTISSEMENT, in which Miss Rosina Wright will appear. To conclude with THE CRITIC. Characters by Messrs. C. Ma thews, M. Matthews, ar.d R. Roxby ; Miss St. George, and Mrs. 3facnarnara. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPIIT. Proprietor, Mr. R. Webster. —Directress, Maclaine Celeste. THIS EVENING, MAT 17, Will he presented THE ROUSED LION. Characters by Messrs. B. Webster and Wigan; Mrs. Keeley, and Mrs. L. Murray. After which, A DESPERATE: GAME. To be followed by TO PARENTS AND GUARDIANS. Cha racters by Mimrs. Keeley and Wigan, Mrs. Keeley, Mrs. Wigan, and Miss Keeley. To conclude with THE DANCING SCOTCHMAN. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. Lessee and Manager Mr. Farren. THIS EVENING}, MAT 17, Will be performed THE MILLER OF DERWENT WATER. Characters by Messrs. H. Farren. F. Robson, Shalders, and G. Cooke ; Mesdames Anderton and E. Turner. Alter which. UNCLE CROTCHET. Supported by Mr. Far. rem, &c. To be followed by MACBETH. Supported by Mr. F. Robson and Mrs. A. Phillips. To conclude with THE DAY AFTER THE WEDDING. Colo nel Freelove, Mr. H. Marston ; Lady Freelove, Mbs H. Gordon. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Solo Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Cooks. NOVEL ♦BRANGEMENTS FOR THE HOLIDAYS: THIS EVENING, MAY 11, And during the week, the Entertainments will commence with an entirely new Hippo Drama (in Two Acts), with new scenery, cos• tumes, and appointments, written expressly for this Theatre by Mr. W. E. Suter, illustrating a Sporting Man's Career, and entitled THE CHASE, or LIFE ON THE TURF—In which will be represented a FOX CHASE, with REAL FOX and HOUNDS, the Race, Steeplechase, &c., &c. To be followed by a display of Equestrian Achievements in the ARENA, introducing the accomplished Artistes of the Establish ment and Mr. Cooke's 11'01y-trained Horses and Ponies. In conse•- quence of the unusually brilliant Arena Performances, they will ter minate the Evenings' Entertainments. Box-otilee open daily from Eleven to Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. Nest. DAILY WEATHER TABLE. TUESDAY, MAY 17, 1853. State of the wind and weather at each of the following places at nine o'clock yesterday morning. The stations are arranged in order of latitude. HASTINGS—S.E., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. SOUTHAMPTON- - S., gentle breeze—overcast. TUNBRIDGE—E., __gentle breeze—overcast. BASINGSTOKE—N.E., gentle breeze—overcast. G R EENWIOH—S.E. gentle breeze—partially cloudy. SWINDON—E., lig h t breeze—cloudy. Y AR MOUTH—E., hard wind—cloudless. • The returns from the following places indicate the state of the weather on Saturday morning at nine o'clock SOUTHAMPTON—N.W., strong breeze—overcast. DARLINGTON—E.S.E., gentle breeze—overcast. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tots DAT —Morning 12 min. aftor 8 I Evening 53 min.aft. 8 To-Moaaow—Morning 32 min. after 9 1 Evening E 7 min.aft. 10 THE WEATHER.—Sun OFFICE, MAY V. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 67—highest since noon yesterday: 52—lowest this morning and during the night. 63 this day at noon. BAROMETER, 2975. WIND, S.E.—Light, pleasant breese, and fine, clear, sultry weather. THE PUBLICATION OF c, THE SUN" COMMENCES EVEST AYTERNOON AT THREE O'CLOCK, AND THE LATE OR THIRD EDITION, CONTAINING THE DEBATES IN PARLT AMENT THE SAME EVENING, "With ill other News arriving up to the hour of Post, AT SEVEN O'CLOCK. EXPRESS EDITIONS will be forwarded after the Post is closed by the Latest Trains. friti) „ N ,Isto • LONDON, TUESDAY, MAY 17, 1853. ...-.--...t.i...--..-.- ••••.. Elsewhere in our impression of this evening will be found a carefully-compiled summary of the elaborate Report on Manning the Navy recently issued by the Committee of Inquiry. Upon the excAlence of this Report we have already in these columns at some length, and with some earnest ness,- commented. v We, are gratified, however, that we can nox afford our readers an opportunity of conning: its principal paragraphs themselves. We are satisfied in having at last found this de sirable opOitunity. For the subject is one of such remarkable and national importance that it deserves tbeconsideration of every patriotic elector throughout' the various classes making up the bulk of the population. Hitherto it has been too much the custom to subordinate the interests'q Ile maritime to those of the military profession:: More care has been lavished upon the Armiat; all times, both by the Legislature and by the 6overnment, than was ever accorded to the NaVy even when the Throne of Great Bri tain was' OCcupied by Royal Sea-Captains like the Second ,I.A - ArEs and the Fourth WILLIAM. It is ample time that this preference should be aban doned---,,supposing now that we do not find it _reasonable to have it reversed. It is time, at least, that the Royal Navy of England should be tended with the solicitude originating in prudence, .if not with that which springs from gratitude. t• Gratitude for all those miraculous feats of arms which adorn our history should long since have led in the instance of the maritime service to its careful and elaborate reorganisation. Prudence is at last impelling the present Ministry in the direction whither gratitude. vainly strove to allure precede • ing Governments. Something in the way of a change for the b e tt er must now be ultimately at temptedrulers,aning thereby both our Administrators—the Legislators. 'and our a truth b e i n g at length officially nd glaringly pro claimed through this remarkable Report of the C o mmittee of Inquiry. Hen ceforth o itwill be the impossible to blink the fact of evil., exist ence of which we ourselves have duri ng past years complai ned. The question now loudly many ag itated, and thrust cons picuously "(Ton the attention of Parliament, cannot, from this time forth be again, as it has been so often before, nietly cushioned. Nothing of any importance has in this man _ prehensive and elaborate Report been, we believe, • omitted. All the evil consequences of the old established system have been clearly explained by the Committee, and categorically enumerated. . The Report of the Committee constitutes, in fact, a formidable catalogue of grievances. it i t:3 not: however, that the ill effects of the bygone system are alone expounded. The Committee have b y no means restricted their exertions to the dis covery of points requiring remedy. They have in addition 'to this employed every means within their power, as far at least as we can yet appreciate the value of their proceedings, to discover the most effec- , tual means by which those same points can be remedied, and the best manner, indeed, by which those same remedies can be administered. That the chief of the monster grievances com plained of in the Report, the one principally affect ing the manning of her MAJESTY'S fleets, has been of long standing in the service, is plainly enough avowed to be the unanimous convictions of the Committee. " The system itself," says the Re port, meaning that of entering seamen for short periods of servitude and then discharging them, "seems to be coeval with the first formation of a Royal Navy." The more reason, therefore, why care should be taken to render its eradication complete and thorough. A grievance so old, and consequently so widely diversified, must, if touched at all, be torn up, root and branch. Such, hap pily, appears to have been the conclusion arrived at upon the subject by the Committee during the course of their prolonged deliberations. Occa sionally they may have blundered in their sugges tions, but not once throughout the Report, as far as we have yet been able to examine it, not once throughout the Report have they dealt with the matter in hand delicately, or tenderly, or, in other words, with any apparent disrelish for innovation. What is also deserving Of commendation in the Report is, the circum stance that it evinces a regard for morality, as well as a regard for ability, in every part relating to the interests of maitime education. Thus (Sec. 19), while speaking of the judicious system of schooling and training boys now in operation at Portsmouth, and. elsewhere—a system which the Committee suggests should be yet more largely developed—the Report observes, " As these boys should not unnecessarily be exposed at their very early age to the influence of bad example, we think their education might be more be neficially and uninterruptedly pursued if they were removed altogether from the flag-ships," and thereupon follows a suggestion by which it is proposed that the evil should bo obviated. So on throughout the Report—as may be premised from the summary published elsewhere in to-day's im pression—the Committee addresses itself to the question under inquiry with a caution and solici tude eminently worthy of its great national im portance. It is not merely in the refusal to interfere with the Probate Duties, and in the continued ex emption of real and settled estates from the opera tion of that onerous and vexatious impost, that Mr. GLADSTONE departs from the principle which he so boldly and comprehensively enunciated in the early part of his explanatory statement. The tenour and effect of his argument was, that "there must be an equalisation of the present system by means of a general tax upon successions." It was not merely the addition'al power which a source of revenue so productive would confer on the Financial Minister that constituted the chief argument in its favour. That power would—according to the Right Honourable Gentleman—be applied to very important although rather conflicting objects. Through its operation we may hope to witness the final extinction of the Income Tax in 1860. And by its means a fund is to be provided through which, during that interval of seven years, great and extended measures for the remission of in direct taxation are to be carried into exe cution ! Without waiting to inquire how all these purposes are to be accomplished, even by an additional revenue of 2,000,0001. per annum, we may recognise the vast consequence which Mr. GLADSTONB ascribed to an equitable settlement of the question-when he observed, "But I do not hesitate to say that behind, and inde pendent of all these, there is a purpose yet more and more permanent in its character—namely, the removal of an anomaly which is unjust in its nature s which is galling to the public feeling, which becomes more and more galling from year to year, and which we believe it to be for the interest of all classes to settle at once and per manently, being convinced that the longer that settlement is postponed the more difficult it will be to achieve, and the worse will be the terms upon which it can be effected." The abolition of the Income Tax "great and extended measures for the remission of indirect taxation " were as nothing in comparison to the performance of a great act of national justice.—to the alleviation of the deep and burning sense of injury by which those who had so long been defrauded must neces sarily be actuated, and the removal of the anomaly, so unjust in its nature, and so galling to the public feeling. To show the extent of the grievance, he declared that " he was not aware of any argument, or shred of an argument, that could be brought forward in defence of the exemption of settled per sonalty from Legacy Duty" —an d he justly censured " the all but fraudulent arrangements, which are perfectly senseless, having no meaning and no jus tification in themselves, and no rational purpose to which they can be referred, except that of evading the law." He also showed the injustice of permitting realty, whether settled or unsettled, to escape without contribution, instancing the case of leasehold property, which was subjected both to the Probate and Legacy Duties, and to all the local charges on land, to the cost of stamps on transfers, to all the burden of extra taxation under schedule A, and to the land tax ! This glaring grievance imperatively demanded redress—this social evil required an adequate remedy. But, alas ! the performance falls very far short of the promise held forth the difference between profession and practice becomes but too pain fully apparent when the principle is to be ap plied. So far as one-half the duties on suc cessions as at present levied, and that by far the most vexatious portion, there is to be no change ; real estates and settled personalty are still to enjoy the exemption which the Right Hon. Gentleman truly described as "so mon strous." The " all-but fraudulent arrangements". —the " arrangements perfectly senseless, having no meaning or justification in themselves, and no rational purpose to which they can be referred, save that of evading the law "—are still to be efficacious to the extent of a moiety of the de mand, or at least the parties engaged in such un justifiable transactions are still to be permitted on payment of an almost nominal duty of ss. per 1001. to avoid the charge of 2,3, or, in extreme cases, 4 per cent. that would otherwise be im posed. But this, bad as it is, by n• means shows the extent of favouritism exhibited by the Right Hon. Gentleman. He draws a new distinction between rateable and non-rateable property, by means whereof, while the full burden of the tax will fall on invisible and non-rateable property, little more than a moiety thereof will be imposed on rateable property. This result will be attained, " not by making a difference in the rate of duty," but by providing that " the person succeeding to that kind of property should never be charged with the duty on any interest in the property higher than his life interest," and he himself estimates the effect of that distinction would be that " rateable property would only have to pay about one-half as compared with the amount paid by property not falling within that description." We find, then, that the charge "on succession" to real property will only be one-fourth of that to which unsettled personalty is subjected, and one third of that to which unsettled leasehold property will still he liable. There is also another boon to landowners. Where a person inherits real estate, subject to in cumbrances, he is not to be charged on the value thereof after deducting the burdens. No, he is only to be charged on his life interest in the balance of his income. In the illustration which the Right Honourable Gentleman gave of this partial exemption, he supposed an estate worth 500,000/., and mortgaged for 300,0001. —the balance of the capitalised value would be 200,0001., but the balance of income would be but 1,100/. or 1,2001. a year, the life interest THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, MAY 17, 1853. of which would only be taxed, or, in other words, some 18,0001. or 20,0001., the full amount being only payable in the event of his subsequently alienating the property. This would practically reduce the amount payable in such case from one-fourth to one-twentieth of that to which un settled personalty is liable. Again, the Legacy Duty, or unsettled person alty, must be paid as at present before the amount is transferred to the legatee or nexkof kin. But the inheritor or devisee of real property is allowed five years for the gradual liquidation of the de mand. Payments are to be accepted by eight half-yearly instalments, the first of which cannot be demanded until a year has expired, at which time the whole of the duty on unsettled personalty must be liquidated. Here, then, is another and a very important benefit to the owners of real estate, which operates as a further reduc tion of the charge to be levied on them. Our readers may now judge for themselves how far the anticipations excited by the arguments of the Right Hon. Gentleman will be realised. What is the extent of the equalisation of the burdens, on the necessity whereof he so energetically insists ? We are certainly labouring under a very grievous misapprehension if that can be considered a fair carrying out of the important principle so strongly laid down by the Right Hon. Gentleman. We shall conclude with the words which he quoted last week with so much effect, trusting that we may learn a salutary lesson therefrom :—" There is nothing in life, especially in public life, more important than to have a principle to guide you. Whatever the perplexity, a principle simplifies everything. However extraordinary the Gordian knot, a principle would almost cut it !" ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA. On Saturday night the first novelty of the season, Verdi's new opera, Rigoletto, was produced here. The plot, mutatis nominibus, is taken entire from Victor Hugo's drama Le Roi s'amuse, which, though acted in Paris but one night, has since, in a published form, taken a very high place in the dramatic literature of France. A certain Duke of Montoya (Signor Mario), Francis the First in the drama, is a great libertine, and Rigoletto, the court jester (Signor Ronconi), the chief panderer to his vicious propensities. The former has seduced the daughter of one Count Monterone (Signor Polonini), who, having come to court to anathematise the duke, is mocked by Rigoletto, whereupon be includes the buffoon in the curse originally destined only for his mas ter. Monterone is then committed to prison, amid the choral cheers of obsequious courtiers. Rigoletto is himself a father, and hopes to redeem, through the pure life of his only child Gilda, (Mademoiselle Bosio), the errors of his own. He has even kept the girl aloof from the tainting atmosphere of the court—concealed from her his own degrading occupation —surrounded her with good influence; and taught her from childhood not only to love but to respect him. It is the thought of this daughter, the only pure spot in his polluted mind, that makes him writhe and tremble under the curse of Monterone. The old man's words cling to him like an infection which poisons the very sources of life. " Quel veechio maledivami," he exclaims to himself in the midst of ribald revelry, and the buf foon's cheek turns pale with fear, whilst his listless air and paralysed wit call forth the derisive reproaches of the bystanders. The curse is henceforth to be his con stant companion, and a dreadful future looms mistily before his mental .vision. Rigoletto's forebodings are speedily justified, by his daughter being carried off by the duke, who has accidentally encountered her, and under an assumed name has won her love. Panting for vengeance, Rigoletto plans the seducer's death ; but Gilda, overhearing by chance a conversation which in forms her of her lover's perfidy, and the fate that awaits him, contrives to save his life by the sacrifice of her own. The sanguinary buffoon, wishing to behold the face of his slaughtered master, and sing a fiendish epinicion over the grinning corpse, hastens to an appointed plac about e time--•midnight, of course—when the m 1 •i should have been just accomplished, but, to his inexpressible horror, finds there his death-struck child, instead of the lifeless body of her betrayer, and after a few frantic words, amongst which "the curse" re-appears in tri umphant pre-eminence, stabs himself, and falls dead beside his daughter. After a single hearing it would scarcely be possible to enter into an elaborate criticism of the music of the opera ; but it partakes greatly of the usual character of Signor Verdi's productions ; and, we think, judged by this standard alone, Rigoletto would have but a poor chance of becoming a permanent favourite in this country. As a dramatic performance, however, its suc cess we are assured will be as great as that of any opera which has hitherto been produced on the Italian stage. However mistaken M. Victor Hugo may have been in the leading idea of Le Roi s'amuse—and we think itjis an entire mistake to elevate a passion, and make the individual by whom it is displayed ridiculous—still the interest excited by the plot is great, the dramatic situations are striking, and the incidents throughout are such, as in the hands of great artistes, could scarcely fail to be effective. In the caste of Saturday there was nothing to complain of. Signor Ronconi played the Court-jester with an energy and power we have seldom witnessed even in him. At times he rose to the highest pitch of dramatic genius, and the scene where, after the abduction of his daughter, he is obliged to bear his part at the Court as professional jester, with this heavy grief at his heart, it was one of the finest pieces of acting we have seen. He was frequently recalled ; and it would not be too much to say, that more than any other single essential his acting contributed to the suc cess of the piece. His singing, we need scarcely say, was all that could be desired. Mario had but little to do but to sing, and that he did with all the power and sweetness at his command. The morceaux entrusted to him were, we think, in a musical point of view, by far the most effective. In the third act, the lively air "La Donna e Mobile,* Francis' famous " Souvent Femme Varie," was rapturously encored, as was also another anacreontic song in the same act, "Bella figlia amore." He sang them both in a style right worthy of the primo tenett itsf the world. Mdle. Bosio's perform ance of "-Gilds," will add much to her reputation. She sang delightfully throughout, and in the concerted music she frequently shared the honours with Ronconi and Mario by turns. The other parts were all filled with that care and attention which marks the caste of second parts at this house. The opera was placed on the stage in a manner highly creditable to all concerned. The scenery, by Mr. Beverley, was beautiful, and the second scene in the first act, a "set" street representing Rigoletto's house, was a worthy example of the great advances which the art of scene painting has been made of late years. Excellent both with respect to the me chanical contrivance and pictorial art, it was greatly and deservedly applauded. Nothing could possibly be better than the cos tumes, decorations, groupings, &c., &c. ;. and Mr. Harris deserves great praise for the tasteful and com plete manner in which he has put the opera on the stage. To judge from the repeated applause of the audience, the performance of Saturday night was perfectly successful. But we repeat that, from one performance alone, it is impossible to tell how far the musical merits of the opera, on which its permanent success must ultimately depend, are calculated to secure that result. FRENCH PLAYS. Novelty succeeds novelty so rapidly at this theatre that we can scarce keep pace with its progress. On Saturday night Moliere's comedy of Le Medea?' Malgrg Lui afforded M. Regnier an opportunity of displaying his talent for the legitimate comedy, and his performance of Syanarelle was certainly one of the finest pieces of refined comic acting which could anywhere be seen. Last night Les Demoiselles de St. Cyr was repeated ; and to-morrow night M. Lafont takes his benefit, when, among other entertainments, Tartufe will be given. PRINCESS'S THEATRE. That portion of the public who fill the Princess's Theatre every night, were delighted last evening be the return of their old'favourite, T. P. Cooke, who, it was supposed, had been placed on the shelf, along with the sons of Dibden and other memorials of our naval wars. The veteran looked exceedingly well, and acted with wonderful truth and spirit in his great character of William in Black-eyed Susan. His song was a triumphant specimen of octogenarian vocalisation, and the famous story of Saint Domingo Billy was as much relished by the present generation of youngsters as it had been twenty-five years before by their fathers. The most trying ordeal was the hornpipe, but, through great exertion, it was a decided success, the audience ap plauding to the echo,, while generously forbearing an encore. In the second and more pathetic portion of the piece his rough pathos was as true and telling as ever. COURT CIRCULAIt. OSBORNE, MONDAY. Her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, the Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, and Princess Alice, attended Divine service at Osborne yesterday morning, which was performed by the Hon. and Rev. G. Wellesley. The Ladies and Gentlemen in Waiting and the House hold also attended the service. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, attended by her Lady in Waiting, went to Frogmore yesterday morning. Her Royal Highness returned to her resi dence Clarence-house, St. James's, in the afternoon. Sir J. Graham left town yesterday afternoon for Os borne, Isle of Wight. The Lord Chancellor will receive the Judges, Queen's Counsel, &c., at 12 o'clock on Monday next, the first day of Trinity Term, at his Lordship's residence, in Upper Brook-street. The Earl of Clarendon left town yesterday afternoon for his seat, the Grove, Watford, Herts. BUCKINGHAM PALACE.—The facade of this royal edifice, where the suites of apartments are usually al lotted to her Majesty's illustrious visitors, is undergoing a thorough course of re-embellishment, and the repairs are expected tl be completed by the return of the Court from Osborne on the 27th instant. MONEY MARKET AND COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE-(THIS DAY.) CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were estimated at 6,000 bales, of which 2,000 American were taken for export and on speculation. The market closed very firmly, at previous rates. The sales comprised 6,500 American, 280 Pernam and Maranham, at 6d. to 6d. ; 200 Bahia, at 61d. to ; 300 Egyptian at 62d. ; and 500 Surat, at 31d. to 4p. per lb. Railway Shares were rather firmer. The Severn steamer, from the Brazils, brings 100,0001. in specie. The letters • are not yet in town, but the accounts to the 2d April from Buenos Ayres, state that .General Urquiza was in the town, and that he was unlikely to conclude a , treaty of peace. Whether this be true must be determined by the letters now received. The ex change on London was at 665. to 665. 3d. Scattered items of intelligence from Australia appear in the Indian papers to as late a date as the beginning of March ; and although the details are necessarily imperfect, they possess interest in many points. In the first place, the number of ships awaiting crews was as large as ever, and although the population arrived was in excess for the time, many were wending their way to the other colo nies, and would doubtless s oon b e a b sor b e d i n t o quieter pursuits than those of gold digging. Trade appears to have been brisk both at Melbourne and Sydney at the latest date. The news in one parti cular is by far the most important as regards the future prospects of our Southern possessions, the Exchange on England havi ng r i sen t o par . Under this head we stated upwards of four months ago that from the opinions received from parties generally well informed in these colonies, future shipments of gold were more likely to leave a loss than a profit. It is to be observed that, with gold dust at 78s. per oz. (this price had been demanded just before the mail left), and with bills on London at par, all the late shipments of sovereigns must • leave an actual loss, because, if we assume the average value of the dust at 80s. per oz. at the mint—it is always above standard—this difference of 2s. per oz. between the buying price in Australia and the selling price here would not cover freight and insurance, to say nothing of the sundry com missions. On the other hand, should the party to whom the gold is consigned for sale, buy Bills on London at par, it is obvious that the shipper must suffer loss of the freight, insurance, and commissions on the shipment. It is hinted in these advices, that we may expect even sterling Bills in the Australian port to go below par, it being now supposed that the Colonies are out of debt with this country. If this be the case, which we are inclined to think correct, it is clear that such a result must follow. Of course, the amount of the discount will be governed by the amount of the ex pense that would have to be incurred in remitting bullion from Australia here to balance the account. We are by no means of opinion that such a state of things could permanently last, because this country will always have great attractions to many who may have accumulated wealth in these southern regions to invest such fortune—people in desirous of coming home." For generally being For sometime, however, parties will turn their attention to the advisability of purchasing real property and other securities in the land of their adoption. The eventualities concerning which be come more and more difficult to prognosticate, especially when we find it recorded in the present files that, by the Sarah Sands is shipped one " nug get" we ighing 134-i lbs., equal mint value 8,5001. With such.facts before us, it is not difficult to un derstand why land should have risen as is stated in some of the counties adjacent to the gold districts, from 4 to 500 per cent. in one month. The *conversion" progresses slowly both at the Bank of England and the South Sea House. English Stocks are dull again but not lower.. Consols realise 100 i to g for Transfer, and 1008 for the Account. The New 3t. per Cents. have been 1021 to and Reduced 3 per Cents. 99.1 to i f . Exchequer Bills of June are par to 3s. premium, and India Bonds at 255. premium. South Sea Old, Annuities are marked 99g, and the New Annui ties 100 k. _ _ Foreign Stocks have been steady generally, with- out much doing. Mexican are firmer at 27 to 1. Brazilian 4* per Cents. have been at 101. No thing has been done in Buenos Ayres. Spanish 3 per Cents, realised 481 and the' New Deferred are at 24 to *. The Swedish Loan is 1i to 2 dis count. Venezuela Bonds are worth 37 to 38. Austrian Stock has realised 87k, and Dutch 4 per Cents. have been at 96 to 96i. The Railway Share Market has been inactive, but there is a favourable change in prices. Mid land are better, and South Eastern have risen: There is a decided advance in York and. North Midland. Foreign Shares are dull. Joint Stock Bank Shares are very good as regards the established banks. The Land Companies' Shares are firmer, and there is a decided improvement in the Van Die men's Land. _ _ , The Crystal Palace Shares have touched n and 4 premium. The cause assigned is the increasing applications for "Hall" room, and the rise that is taking place in the value of the land. The fact that a number of persons are leaving Port Philip to settle in Van Diemen's Land and pursue quiet occupations, has probably caused the rise in Van Diemen's Land Shares. The Gold Mine Shares are merely nominal. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY. ( From the Official Ltd.) Business done , 3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 99i 3 per Cent. Consols Annuities New 31 per Cent. Annuities Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan., 1860 Ditto 30 Years, Expire sth Jan., 1860 6l a India Bonds, .21000-' , ..: Ditto, under.ilaki.w ... South Sea Stock . ...... 25 ......,.. 114 South Sea Old Annuities 99 South Sea New Annuities .. Consols for Account Ist June Exchequer Bills lid. June. March. £lOOO.. par 3 p par 3p 1 d 4500 par 3 p par 3 p Small par 3 p par 3p 1 d PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY. Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent. — Ditto New, 1852, 4i per Cent lOl Ditto New 80nd5,11829 & 39, 5 per Cent lO3l Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent 66 Equador Bonds Greek Bonds, Red Mexican 3 per Cent. Russian Bonds, 5 per Cent. Spanish Bonds 3 per Cent 4Bi Spanish 3 per CenL., New Deferred 24 Ditto for the Account 24i Spanish Committee Cert. of Coup. not fun 6k p c Swedish Loan l3 2 dis Venezuela Bonds, 3 per Cent. Dividends on the above payable in London. Austrian Bonds 5 per Cent. on. 102. B7l 8 7i x d Dutch Exchange, 2i per Cent. 12 Guil. Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates 96i 6 i THREE O'CLOCK. Console... Ditto Juno Account 1001 6 1006 I EXCHEQUER BILLS. Notice has been issued that the Exchequer bills dated June will be renewed at the reduood rate of one penny per day. An expectation is therefore obviously enter tained that the number likely to be sent in for conver sion into Exchequer bonds, coupled with the amounts which may be demanded to be paid off, will create a scarcity in the market such as to cause the remainder to maintain a moderate premium. For the next three months the cash balances of the Government will steadily increase, so as to enable a considerable number of dis sentients to be paid off without difficulty, and, even when these balances shall again be required for the quarterly dividends, the Chancellor can obtain an ad vance from the Bank of England upon deficiency bills, which will prevent the necessity of any appeal to the market. Under these circumstances there seems to be no reason to apprehend a failure of the measure, and it is the more satisfactory that such should be the case, since there is no positive ground to regard the present unfavourable condition of affairs as otherwise than tem porary, and it would be annoying that bad - terms should he made for the next 12 months merely from its un toward influence for the moment. The notice for paying off the June Exchequer bills, or renewing them at a penny a-day, did not transpire dur ing the course of business, and they remained without fluctuation at 2s. to 6s. premium. Subjoined is the return from the Bank'of England of thepr : ofess of the conve rsion of Consols and Re duced AMOUNTS OF NEW STOCKS ACCEPTED THIS DAY. 31. 10s. per Cents ........... £17,633 19 6 21. •10s. per Cents ........... 26,200 17 6 Exchequer 80nd5............ 700 0 0 The totals applied for up to this time are 54,7081. Three-and-a-Half per Cents., 1,219,6571. Two-and-a. Half per Cents., and 4,200/. Exchequer Bonds. AMSTERDAM AND ROTTERDAM. —The weekly reviews of the Amsterdam and Rotterdam produce markets state that business continued inactive, but that prices on the average were supported with firmness. In sugar, raw and refined, there had been no operations of impor tance. Coffee was a shade higher, from speculative pur chases. Little change had occurred in rice, indigo, or spices, but tea had exhibited an advance, and importers evinced no disposition to effect sales. The accounts from Hamburg mention an increase of business, although at present scarcely any effect had been produced on prices. Aft, gVi ,s ( 1 4;v : 1 t N °4 fj t -10,2,;60i BATH RACES. (THIS DAY.) BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. LANSDOWNE TRIAL STAKES. Gossip Lamartine BIENNIAL STAKES. Three-Years-Old. ;MassG eaevno: Two ran. BIENNIAL STAKES. Two-Years-Old. Diawal 3lonie Moses Seven ran. SOMERSETSHIRE STAKES. Red Lion Audubon Eleven ran. AYTOUN ON POETRY. LECTURE THE FOURTH. Another lecture was delivered by ProfessorAytoun yes terday, it being the fourth of his series of six on Poetry and Dramatic Literature. Although his auditors appear to us always singularly phlegmatic, we must acknowledge, at the same time, that they are about the most attentive listeners we have ever seen assembled together. If they are exceedingly charry of their applause, they at any rate seem to hang breathlessly upon every syllable that falls from the lips of the lecturer. It is observable that in the progress of this attractive course of disserta tions there is at least the advantage of variety both in subject and in treatment. The first, while in some respects it might be somewhat confused, and even somewhat superficial, was also comprehensive, and alto gether agreeably introductory. The second, although, to our humble thinking, heretical in its contempt for the very first article of belief in the Poetic Creed, as laid down in " Don Juan," viz. : " Thou shalt believe in Milton, Dryden, Pope !" was, notwithstanding this, rendered peculiarly delight ful to us by the diversity, the aptness, and the profusion of the ingenious similes scattered through it by way of elegant and appropriate illustration—as where the in fluence of the Wasp of Twickenham was likened to the delicate but refrigerating frostwork which, on the ad vance of a vernal thaw, gives place to the prolific beau ties of vegetation. Th e third, moreover, in spite of its being, to our mind, disfigured, and in a manner made unwieldy, by the rugged prodUcts of the earlier writers of Scotland, was invested with that ever-potent charm which is inseparable from the contemplation of Ballad Literature. Yesterday's, we have observed, was the fourth lecture, and it was, in all respects, strikingly different from its predecessors. Oddly enough, its principal characteristic was drollery, though the materials of which it treated were conspicuous in the majority of instances rather by reason of their gran• deur and magnificence. The Professor, for example, di rected especial attention in this discourse to the exalting and purifying influence exercised by the Age of Chivalry upon Midiieval Poetry, and also, generally speaking, upon Midimval Literature. We must acknowledge our selves to have experienced some surprise when we heard the fervent eulogist of Chivalry almost in the same breath with which he pronounced a panegyric on its influence, utter a studied sentence depreciative of the sway exer cised over the intellect by Enthusiasm ! Bertrand de Born was, of course, duly celebrated by the lecturer— when he took occasion to. make a passing allusion to the romantic band of the Troubadours. Re ference was subsequently made to the impas sioned and inspiriting Chansons de Geste, chaunted, or declaimed, by the Trouveres. And while exception was taken with regard to the opinions propounded on those same Chansons de Geste by M. Paulin Paris, yet greater exception was taken afterwards to the episodical manner in which Ariosto frittered away, so to speak, the sublime and gorgeous materials selected by him for the construction of his great poem—materials such as those afforded by the memory of the Paladins and the tradi tions of Charlemagne. Out of those materials, according to ProfessorAytoun's graceful imagery, Ariesto built up bowers and grottoes rather than a temple or a palace. So that, the lecturer argued,. we are scarcely con: soled by the infinite ingenuity displayed through. out the cantoes of the "Orlando Furioso" for the misapplication of a subject so wonderfully grand and resplendent the contest, remember, being between Asiatic Paganism on the one hand, and on the other the princes of Christendom assembled round the banners of Charlemagne—the battle-field the Holy Land, and the stake the interests of Chris tianity 1 A single example of the style in which this majestic theme was treated by some of the Italian poets, was recited during the course of the lecture from Sostegno di Zenabi, the incident recounted in the quo ' tation being " The Death of the Marquis Oliver at Roncesvalles." Immediately afterwards our attention was recalled homewards by allusion to the obvious effect these poems relating to the Paladins had on the earlier British writers, and even—notwithstanding his pure and indisputable originality—upon the father of English verse—the wise and the merry old Geoffrey Chaucer. It was about this part of his discourse that Professor Aytoun—while referring with much humorous sarcasm to the metrical attempts of various royal poet- asters, not forgetting the verses " made" by Elizabeth, and the drivelling rhythm of her successor, the modern Solomon—offered an exquisite and deserved tribute of praise to the poetic genius displayed by King James I. of Scotland. Passing over a broad but comparatively barren interval, the lecturer carried us onward from the time of Chaucer to the time of Shakspere. Perhaps we should rather say—from the circumstance of the dra matic portion of the subject being reserved fdr the next (the fifth) lecture—the time of Spenser, and Sydney, and Marlow, and Raleigh (horribly pronounced Raw-leigh), the age of Bacon and Burleigh, the glorious epoch known as the Elizabethan Period in our literature. Here it was that the delicious merits and the tantalising demerits of the " Faiiry Queen " were particularised by the Professor, his analysis of the poem being interspersed by a few timely quotations. Among these illustrative passages, the loveliest was that descriptive of the house of Sleep and the couch of Morpheus—a passage in which Spenser always appears to us while borrowing his me taphor from Virgil to have altered it most unaccount ably and blunderingly. He has changed the gate of translucent or diaphonous horn into one of opaque and 'impenetrable silver—forgetting the subtle significance of that lovely thought in the " YEneid" : " Bunt gemina3 Somni porta3 : quarunz alters fertur Cornea, qud veris facilis datur exitus Maris : Altera candenti perfecta nitens elephant° ; Sed false ad ccelum mittunt insomnia Manes." Professor Aytoun cherishes a wholesome horror of the allegorical—in anouncing which he exposed to no unde served ridicule the "Purple Island" of Phineas Fletcher —a poem in which the bard-anatomist has certainly viewed man (if any one ever did) as a veritable micro cosm. Equally profound is the lecturer's dislike for the hypberbolical. For the purpose of proving how utterly nauseous any lengthened hyperbole becomes on perusal, he declaimed, with admirable, or rather abominable, success, a passage from Michael Drayton, in which David the Royal Prophet is minutely depicted at the time when he was a stripling shepherd. Towards the close of his lec ture yesterday, Professor Aytoun recited a magnificent translation (we presume his own) from Ovid's famous ac count of th e Metamorphosis of Lycaon. From the first verse to the last this translation was, we repeat, really magni ficent. The programme of the entire lecture is thus given in the printed syllabus : "Influence of the Age of Chivalry on Mediwval Literature and Poetry, and on European Thought —Bertrand de Born and the Troubadours The Trouvdres, and their Chansons de Geste—M. Paulin Paris on these early French Poems—Their adoption as Materials by the Italian Narrative Poets—The Traditions of Charlemagne and the Paladins—Gran deur of this subject—Specimen : The Death of the Marquis Oliver at Roncesvalles, from Sostegno di Zinabi —Effict of these Poems on early British Writers— Chaucer—James I. of Scotland—The Elizabethan Period —lnfluences of External Causes of Excitement on Intel lectual Development—the Recovery of the Works of Antiquity—Aristo and Spenser—' The Faery Queen' criticised, with Specimens—The Allegorical Tendency— Fletcher s Purple Islancr—Euphuism, and its Influ ence on subsequent Poetry—Taste of that Period." The attendance at the fourth lecture was altogether •as numerous and as fashionable as at any of its prede cessors. CAPITAL CONVICTIONS.—A parliamentary paper just issued contains a return of the number of persons capi tally convicted in England and Wales from 1838 to 1852, both years inclusive. The gross number of capital convictions is 998, of which 269 were for mur der, of whom 148 were executed, 92 transported for life, 11 received a free pardon, and the rest minor punishments. Ninety-five persons were convicted of attempts to murder, accompanied with injuries dan gerous to life ; of these 4 were executed, and 65 trans ported for life. For shooting and stabbing, 13 ; for rape, &c., 68, of whom 50 were transported for life ; for un natural crimes, 195, of whom 168 were transported for life, and nearly all the rest for shorter periods ; for burglary, 56, of whom 44 were transported for life ; for burglary with violence, 107, of these 87 were transported for life ; for robbery, 26 ; for robbery with violence, 108 ; for robbery by persons armed, 12, who were all transported for life, of the two former classes 11 and 60 respectively, were transported for life ; for , arson, 1, transported for life ; for ditto of dwelling houses, 28, out of whom 16 were transported for life.; for feloniously rioting, 12, of whom 3 were transported for life ' • for high treas on , 9, of whom 7 were transported for life. Of the 998 per sons capitally convicted during the above fifteen years, 152 were executed. The sentences of the remainder were commuted as follows : 617 were transported for life ; 79 for fifteen years ; 41 for ten years ; and 19 for seven years ; 4 were imprisoned for three years ; 19 for two years and above one year ; 34 for one year or above six months ; and 11 for six months and under ; 17 re ceived a free pardon ;, 4 committed suicide ; and one died in prison. Tun COURT OF CHANCERT.—The new act for making further provision for the execution of the office of Examiner in the Court of Chancery, which received the royal assent a few days back, has just been issued. A new oath is to be taken by the examiners in consequence of the alteration ;in the mode of taking the evidence. An examiner is to be a barrister of not less than seven years' standing. There is a clause as to the payment and retiring pensions to examiners. HOLID A Y, AMUSEMENTS. CREMORNE GARDENS. A more auspicious opening of the fete champetre sea son than that which was last evening witnessed at this popular place of amusement could not well be desired even by those most interested in its permanent success. If there be veracity in the adage which assures us that a "good start is half the race," then indeed has Mr. T. B. Simpson cause to feel assured that his "book " is a safe one, and that, in the present season, he rides the winning horse. It would be strange were it otherwise ; at least, we venture to think the great majority of those who visited the gardens last evening participated in an entertainment which, in point of magnificence, coupled with the low scale of admission charges, was never on any previous occasion afforded our very exacting sight seeing friends, The visitor of last season could not fail to observe the several improvements which the judicious taste of Mr. Simpson has introduced in every depart ment. The grounds have been re-trimmed and laid out to the best advantage ; the casts are more numerous than formerly ; the theatre, bowling-saloons, and various refectories have all been retouched in approved artistic style, whilst the several orchestras have also been en larged and beautified. Nor is it merely in outward ap pearance that Cremorne Gardens have been improved, for the performances are equ a lly en titl e d t o commendation. In the musical department the " Hungarian Brothers" continue to delight their auditors, as of old, though at present they are brought into serious rivalry with the numerous and admirably -trained band of Signor Bosisio —the lesser orchestras performing, at intervals, waltzes and polkas of such a spirit-stirring nature as to induce a conviction that " perpetual motion" had been at length illustrated in the persons of the thousands of Terpsi chorean votaries. The balloon ascent of Mr. Chambers was quite perfect in all its complicated details, and the veteran aeronaut was loudly cheered as, with a steady and majestic flight, he soared in his fragile machine high in air, and, in a few minutes, losing himself to the up turned gaze of his thousand spectators. The theatricals were admirably selected with a view to merriment and laughter, which, in the present season of hilarity, consti tute their.best recommendation to classes whose deter mination is to laugh, and be merry, and with whom, con sequently, the sentimental or melodramatic would be sadly out of place. Then there was rope-dancing with feats of daring which made one hold hard the breath ; and anon, such a display of grace and agility as elicited the loudest acclamation. The vocalism was also very credit ably sustained. But much as had been done to improve the general aspect of things, it was not until dark that the gardens displayed their full beauty, or revealed the extent of the artistic skill which had been employed to give effect and brilliancy to the scene. An entirely new process of illumination was introduced on the occasion, and with the greatest possible success. In roving over the grounds, the eye wandered down vistas, in ' which the verdant foliage was brightly relieved by thousands of lamps, whose rich and variegated hues were in return chastened down to a tone so subdued as to realise that fairy land which the sceptical believe only to exist within the pages of Oriental romances. • There might Puck and his attendant train hold their midnight revels, or repose within the shelter of some mossy grot, lulled by falling waters and the " distant hum of cities." Of the grand pyrotechnic display which wound up the entertainments of the evening it will be merely necessary to say that it partook of the same excellence as the other branches of the performance—which, taken as a whole, was not alone complete, but, what is still more to the purpose, altogether successful and satisfactory, A spirited and judicious proprietor undoubtedly is Mr. Simpson, who seems to possess, not alone the will, but also the taste to render as perfect as possible entertainments of this description. Assisted by the politeness and attention of the secretary, and skill of the manager Mr. Adams the , public has every assurance of a series of brilliant entertainments, such as they were never previously invited to ; and if last night be any indication of the future, Mr. Simpson may safely calculate on the support and approbation of " troops of friends" during his auspiciously renewed regime of Old Cremorne Gardens. SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. The opening day of this delightful scene of recreation was signalised by an attendance crowded beyond the powers of computation. Besides the zoological collec tion, which remains pretty much as it has been during the last three or four years, and the musical arrange. ments, including the military hand under the able di rection of Mr. Godfrey, and a vocal concert embracing the talents of Miss Cicely Nott, Mr. Wuille, and Mr. Phillips, there was a modelled dioramic picture repre senting the Bay and Forts of Chusan, designed and painted by the Messrs. Danson, from drawings made on the spot by Lieut. White, of the Royal Marines. As usual with the scenic representations at these gardens, the lake is made to form a principal feature, and in the present instance does effectual duty as the harbour and bay of Chusan, the admirably -managed per spective of the fortifications, junks, and ships in front, and the rugged mountains fading in the dis tance, and mingling with the clouds behind, convert ing the pigmy sheet of water into a sea of formidable dimensions. The diorama is made the vehicle for the introduction of the ordinary pyrotechnic display which is consequent upon the attack on the British fleet an chored in the bay by the Chinese rafts and batteries. The spectacle was admirably managed, and the illusion of the bombardment by which the batteries were silenced and the fire-ships destroyed was (bating a pleasing variety of colour and form in the rockets and other missiles interchanged) complete ; and, judging by the applause with which it was rewarded, the war With China promises to be as successful at the Surrey Gardens as it was in the Chinese waters. The May pole dances and rustic sports want off with signal effect, and proved a most brilliant and attractive feature. Too much praise cannot be given to the celebrated Flexmore, for the admirable manner in which he pro duced and superintended this portion of the entertain ment. His corps de ballet is drilled to perfection, and the delight of the assembled thousands was enthusiastic. The spirited and successful plunges of Master Joseph Collins after some current coins of the realm secreted in the recesses of a vessel of treacle called down thun ders of applause on the head of that active and interest ing youth. POLYTECHNIC. This institution, as usual, attracted yesterday a great number of visitors, and the whole of the scientific and mechanical resources of the establishment have been put into requisition for the week, affording a very diversified and interesting programme for the instruction and amusement of holiday sight-seers. We noticed espe cially yesterday amongst the visitors, who were com posed of all grades of society, a great number of the better class of artisans, who appeared to examine with great interest the different specimens of machinery, models, and works of art. The lectures were more than usually well attended, especially one by Mr. Pepper on the chemistry of gunpowder and rocket composition ; and another by Dr. Bachhoffner on voltaic electricity, with a series of brilliant illustrations. Some very curious and interesting experiments were made on the power of heat, illustrated by two gigantic reflectors, by which cooking was effected at an enormous distance from the fire. The above were all illustrated by a num ber of amusing experiments, greatly to the delight and edification of the more juvenile portion of the audience. We must not forget to notice the dissolving views, which are always excellent at this institution, especially a splendid series painted by Mr. Charles Smith, repre senting a variety of scenes in the Holy Land. The won: derful ruins of Palmyra, and the ancient Christian chapels and shrines at Jerusalem, Bethlehem, &c., for which those little known but interesting regions are re markable, were most beautifully exhibited. BURFORD'S PANORAMA. Amongst the numerous pictorial exhibitions which appeal daily to the popular taste, Burford's Panorama retains the high position it has ever held, and the large amount of patronage bestowed upon it yesterday suffi ciently proved that the last addition to the entertainment —the City of Granada, with the Alhambra—is one of the most effective which has yet been introduced to the notice of the public. As a work of art, it has already received a high ineed of praise, and has been justly pro nounced an improvement upon that style of painting which is generally employed in panoramic representa tions. All the most interesting features of the old Moorish city, with the celebrated fortress and palace of the Alhambra, and the surrounding plain, , are beauti fully and effectively rendered, and the skill of a practised artist is everywhere apparent, both in the mechanical and pictorial arrangements. To all who admire exhibi tions of this nature, and who would readily gain a know ledge of one of the most interesting d,ities of olden time, this panorama is especially worthy of a visit. ROYAL COLOSSEUM, REGENT'S-PARK. The delightful weather of yesterday greatly enhanced the pleasure of a visit to this interesting exhibition, in which are combined such a cluster of attractions culled from the realms of nature and art. Little or nothing that is new can be said -of this admirable institution, whose merits are so well known, and where they are known are so universally appreciated ; but we may be excused if we briefly remind the swarms of country cou sins whom the cheap excursion trains convey to taws on holiday occasions, that within its walls are to be found the stalactite caverns of Adelsberg, the sublime moon- twin scenery of Switzerland, the rich stores of a onset'• vatory in which are gathered together the luxuriance of tropical vegetation and the gorgeous plumaged natives of the sunniest climes ; a Glyptotheca, or museum of sculpture ; the classic ruins of Grecian temples ; last, though not least, a magnificent Panorama of Lon don, which, when illuminated in the evening, presents the most brilliant scenic effects. Nor must we omit to mention the sister establishment, the Cyclorama, 14 which the great earthquake at Lisbon is daily reP re , seated in all its devastating grandeur, and fill s the nun u of every spectator with indescribable terror and awe. MADAME TUSSAUD AND SONS. A continuous stream of visitors during the whole of yesterday flocked to this highly interesting exhibition, which is ever increasing its clainls upon public favour and regard, owing to the spirited exertions of nib° Tussaud and Sons, who are indefatigable in adding fr esh novelties to their unique collection of historical ella il f ters and relics. Although no additions have been made during the last few weeks, the interest which t he various groups are so well calculated to excite appears to Pos se ", an inexhaustible freshness. We were g i ven to un der stand that several new and interesting represen tatin ! will very shortly be added to the attractions of this .e/ hibition, which now affords a most vivid and illustration of the brilliant and diversified costume!: almost . every age and country, in addition to the his rival interest, at one time of admiration at another oll; more melancholy character, which must necessarili connected with these life-like representations of the rrt : h s • illustrious and the most unfortunate characters uf past and of the present. The Emperor of the rrelly and the Empress, in her rich bridal costume , n3t49r3 3p. excited the greatest attention. The room whi ch ` s „ te d propriated to a collection of representations conne— fft with the achievements of the late Duke of W ellirib ° was visited with much interest. THE EXHIBITION OF. ZULU KAO S. ra 's This 'exhibition, which takes place at St. B°- a ve ti s• Gallery, Knightsbridge, opened yesterday, en der- so pices more than favourable, and promising a succ A Sl indisputably certain, that we may throw aside ° l. '" The journalistic prudence, and unhesitatingly predict D. ds - band of Zulus, who, for the benefit of a fashional )16 : A ll o ll ence, performed all their native feats, and illustraoa their native manners, were so . perfectly Dat urs , ls t • i ° vs , therefore so perfectly dramatic, in their represe eb i iol that the spectators scarcely knew when to aPP I6II- ob o when to admire—where to express astonishme et intense power and passion exhibited, and when tom' cognise the mixture of acting with obvious and j- dr though strange and unknown, reality, whit,' guished these singular and unprecedented perft" tsiO" The scenery (painted by Mr. Marshall) was cin' os° tic in the extreme ; the costumes—said to be h oO til really worn in their native country—were moat ing ; and the Zulus themselves were m ost '" agile, active, and intelligent. Their raove 9leil i f sometimes stealthy, as when in search of a foe' et times telling of terrible excitement, as when in tile combat ; sometimes elegant and graceful, as vlbe at iO l object in view was "asking papa "—were a1waY 511 63 0 4. and always bea u tif u lly ex p ress i ve o f th e idea uPP e i . e in the mind—if a savage may be, permitted to 11$1 t ot, mind—of each man and woman of this most inte.rite:l3 party. Th en th ere was a l ecture —lik e what • 0 4, lecture should be—brief, pointed, liteiaryt and illustrative, and delivered by a gentlema n oratorical defects w ere so f ar virtues that they p.hich the natural results of th a t occasional nervouse e6s o ier tells, to one's delight, that th e s p ea k er is net ‘jr° lo sional," and that he knows perf ec tly w h a t to sal) (re - of as yet, exactly how and when best to say it. Al t° l' o f the entertainment, if such it may be ca lled, I ° l isll ghl kind, incomparable. Pleasure-Seekers mai ;'bi l 111' actors and ethnologists may learn, at thiS Za llie Oil tion. We would be critical, but must be fain therefore give it our unqualified approval.' THE EXHIBITION OF EARTAltclg ° The Earthmen, so called because both of t ile i - t 5 1 ; children, and one a, female, exhibited yesterdal pos Regent-street, Waterloo-place, to a fl ume ° , to admiring audience. These little people, ,allegeue cos' 16 and 14 respectively, but about whose 'ogee _., 06 1 04 fess to being slightly, sceptical, combine in they too several attractions likely to allure to their in s r e of tf persons of very different classes. They have cl o cer hthieaorvneemiityo the beign satisfactionoer a du n e t a t a e t d o , fp andresenknowingt are interestingly 3 ' ll ' v eoP le an th a a a s t " t s h e . e ri y:a p sr : e' ric t :, s o f back when a few years older , assistants to missionaries, for the eonve rsi°l o l f t ll° Earthmen in general. The gayer inhabitants :00' metropolis find the young lady an accomplishe d ir ri g ge r and a little inclined, to be a flirt ; she s ' s :l ‘ , tlemen to put their names in her visiting if she really was anxious to remember th ev '', we st : shakes bands with a flatte r i ng sq u eeze , which, i f 5 7. 0 1 but ten years older, would be suggestiv e -0 0 °1 : ordinary vanity of love at first si g ht, and of A tin: that the dear little savage was very discritnin *t ' l3 ;cce °l : all. Unfortunately she smokes, an unladY - 1° li' e n° t plishment of which our high civilisation'4's vale 3 00 taught her to be ashamed; and so does the "" Aiir iog man with her, a juvenile chief, who sits down 00 0 : audiences with a Dutch dignity that is r ather ho 0 0 ; and combines in his youthful countenanc e ttoli ti t serenity of a prosperous beadle and the sublim e is of a German prince. However, his hauglit il l s :lo c e 4 r deemed by the suavity of his companion ; •ac'„f th e ,' tainty that they both 'smoke, that they neWie r " II to b read, and that some day or other IheY are 0 8 back with the highest European culture to thus I . e cer country, insures them constant and lintO rl9lle nt s W •t e c tions, while they remain here. Their apP° ll ',_ tPi c e o rt; D o t should state, are nationally scanty, every °Pr o ia oB , l , being afforded 'to inquiring minds for the asc er- o fAt",; of the fact that there is no deception as to th few co the° , o f men's race. Plenty of ornaments, bronze skin, make up the external apPe 3ravee Earthmen. , i INVERNESS AND PERTH RAOW llr. It would be observed from the reports Of t w h e e er - 'f litli rli ti: n o c i line have n lnverness, owf e ob beingme emn i7l f* movementesoetlui this nt i gi n os i n i ump ß naai : ads s se s et , idtoo a n n w.s d ea er N uniTr a hley i i r s n tah , 1 npe l p a s isso t ttva i rbb e sei g oisobb e i rreo l e o; o i i i convenience and g a e t n tl n e a m n s e i r d i e w ra b b o l , e a t ri sgkre,a3t. P . e n _ tit fo o o t h o : f out . sagacity, determined to raise this schem e - tip°, l : for Slough of Despond into which it had falleoci o r 11 00 0 own merits the proposition must now ot 3li ba cic,_,, s ida', the committee have gone too far to dra w l . be I. `7. s bli: opposition threaten, or monetary sup P e r" f a sos' t th e The public seem to entertain the enterpris:iersoe o bt it; ultimatea Invernessn d ,fron from un t c h ncn e ens fi tsy gu i fin r p e e s eatr a ir d i agdm,u it tendat seems : M ad r i i6. .A Ti c u coned le to it to aciti res (4l read 9 DOO Est in the scheme. There seems to be a ells hg ir making application to Government for aid lu re p riv s av ing and certainly if money can be procured fr o ° av oid b o i th e dealings with so rigid a partner as the dividuals on the same terms, it were well t oo ell° l- , fi ec s- Ch - a te _-o0 e 3 : 1 Exchequer. But it is doubtful whether g ory lc? t lators could afford to give the sameFeceetlf %te e d modation as the Government • an d we 1 to this b teo t that the application of public moneythe enligro°l"ti would be strictly in accordanc e with the Ge ve as s v ii, policy which, for the last fifty years', lan d 1 10 a a pP i has pursued with respect to our Ilig ° w ith :', vet_ Bridges. We are now enabled to sho n w rk. t ilut the, .°e i cation of public money to railway ire, has lieo-1.3001.'d to opening up the resources of the eror a Lo an ; 0 0 t; 4 frequently made by the Public Ors. W -slature. to° i fof sioners and sanctioned by the Legi ears 03_0 „ last report of the Commissioners, it aPP_rtou, tirdoc,i;r than 472,6001. have been advanced at ' tintt railway purposes in Great Britain, lin_ cl _ e d r O A - 5 11 4 9 i tionary powers of the Commission 1347 ; 1 '„ 4 7 an rc o,,„eci r s general funds. In Ireland, betwee r -1-`'es rib :riii!„ 614,000/. were devoted to these pnlidlw:ince t . 001 funds provided by Parliament ; exer ci , e c r o o; . 1: the 500,000/. have been advanced. ioners " ve t fiv e - % OS discretionary powers the Commis%) twenty years, making, in all, c ict,„, l ose s in , l l , l ;o tb s e two millions advanced for railwaiYaliu'rkl, s by ~..0 e to d , for Ireland nearly '500,000/. duorrilsA t_habei3,l3seioLe,ltife,!: Nor has the Government suffered fivec) _ ears a go, r o o _ t Of 4,951,0001. advanced four or . . a ?l, a , of_ '',: f . s b , s _ i . Great Southern add Western li,re,..."avidl; , ti ci ri o coc i s t e o tt 400,0001. has already nearly b e en repaid a d r ii s rO ll of seventeen millions, including I „tual s urP ous e l tli e public works, there has been an _ a il, ex e P b , . ) , i , by the Commissioners, after Pa Gill be se t li og p e til- oir 227,2951.. From these facts it w t,'' in Pr od ' need b ed i° " fostering care of Governine works, is a paying policy , •y • ana . ci s w as b"v served ' in applying for some sn . n r. al our columns.—lnrerizess Colo te _.... , the -------------------- tur es fr° tl l ' e n . no daelicaeY,.,gest whe al 11 ,e1"- AUSTRALIAN EMIGRATION. -. 1 .;_ colonies .nc,..de sp e to . decrease, but l eo niP" to niny past week show a They have , j _ 872 - 4 to f vessels of the larger class. bate °L ' f I, leo ° te burden o ,r _ s. port of London for the Australia they i iii.;sed ~,,.e , Port Philip, with an aggregat e ga at o i„ 4 to!i o two to Sydney, with an aggr,c on aggrey of 5. 3p . nage ; two to Adelaide, with zoolaror,-133 t ons,: ap ilio i : 1,583 tonnage, and one to i'' e ' cluen tly o,' vi ercP ot ioOr Their total capacity was e°rle_rid ordinary go shipments of manufactures nation, for freight generally are love . have experienced some dinn rution, and