The Sun. — London, England, 1822-02-15 00:00:00

FORELGN INTELLIGENCE. RARI.e, FEB. 12.—Our correspondent at Aix -14-Cb,apelle has received advices from Berlin, which state that one of the principal Generals .of -the Russian Array, PlifiCC Eugene :le Wirtem :berg, arrived on the Ist instant, lu the Prussian Capital. ft is not known whether the object of Pis journey is of a political nature. According to accounts from Corfu, it would appear as if the zeal of the Anglo-lonian Go vernment in favour of the Turks is all of a sud d•ell singularly cooled ; for it is asserted that the , - Moraltes and the inehrgents of Livadia have re ceived large supplies of munitions of war, which Ott first had been destined for the Turks. It is proper to observe that the Greeks pay in ready zoney for all these purchases. The first Chamber of the Tribunal of the First Instal - we has deferred, to the 93rd instant, the hearing of the cause between M. Lafitte, tbe. Banker, and Counts Montholon and Ber trand, the bearers of the private writing by , , which Buonaparte directed M. Lafitte to pay to them, six months after his death, the sum of Eve millions delivered to M. Lafitte on July 1815, at the period' of Buonaparte's departure fOr St. Helena. L,Lafitte refuses to pay over this money except in the presence of the guardians of the heir of . Buonaparte, but In the mean time offers to deposit it in the Cause de Consignations et Dcots. Another ques tion; with respect to the interest of this sum for the last five years and a half, is also to be tried. The two Counts demand interest, but M. Lafitte asserts that no stipulation in this re spect was made when the five millions were de -Ivered.to him, and that considering it as a sacred deposit, he has made no use whatever of it, FRENCH FUNDS. Feb. 11, Five per Cents. Bank Stock 1555 f. c. HAGUE, FEB. E. SECOND CHAMBER OF THE STATES GENERAL. Among the petitions presented in this sitting .was one from some' farmers of Zealand, who .desired that a maximum and a minimum be fixed .for the regulation of the corn trade. M. de Stossart moved, that the Report on this petition be printed. " There is every reason to hope," said he, " that the Government, being acquainted with the real state of things by the numerous petitions addressed from all quarters, ,will soon consent to place the corn-trade under ; proper restrictions. It is the only means to pre vent the total ruin of our agriculture ; and the .urgent necessity of the measure grows more and more evident in foreign corn, which is excluded from England and France by wise prohibitions, but overflows our kingdom to such a degree as to deprive us of all hopes of supporting the com petition ; and our farmers are so little encou raged, that even in our public establishments, for instance, at Vilvorde, corn of our growth is I/O longer used." -Fount Hogecdorp objected that the measures proposed would not lead to the expected result. M. de Stossart said the question was sufficient ly important to call for a thorough investigation : till it can be discussed, he proposed to have the Report printed in both languages. The motion was recorded and adopted. VIENNA, FEB. I.—The post from Conslanti, uople has not yet arrived, which is ascribed to the bad state of the roads. It is the more disa greeable to the merchants, because the post from Constantinople sets out from Vienna on the of February, and as there are only two in a month, the answers must be delayed till the 17th. . We are still in expectation of learning the eirvet produced at St. Petersburgh by the Tutkish Note in answer to the Russian ET/ti me/an. General Fiquelmont has not yet arrived at Vienna as was announced ; he was overturned in passing the Po, and had an arm dislocated, so that he is forced to travel slowly. Lea Hoax , JAN. 25.—A National Government has at last been established in the Peloponne sus. Each village chooses one or two electors, who chuse others to form the government of each district, and the elders of each dis trict nominate the Ephori to constitute the prin cipal Government. Attica and Livadia having been restored to liberty, Greece has been divid ed into Eastern and Western. The capital of , Eastern Greece is Salona, and that of Western Greece Uracoxi. These two provinces have -elected Deputies, whn will repair with Mavrocor dato to the National Congress at Argos, accom panied by those of the Suliots, by two Deputies of the Albanese allies, Tacri Avasi, and the ne phew of the .Aga yesinar. The Paraanotes who have been expelled from . ill , . lonian Islands have taken Chitica, and hin der the communication by sea. with Prevesa, which is in a bad condition. VIENNA, JAN. 30.—Colonel Doring has arrived here express from London in the uncommonly short time of seven days. ST.PETER.SBURGII, JAN.2B.—We know nothing 'here of an ukase ordering the abolition of the lodges of the Freemasons, which have hitherto been under the protection of our mild Govern ment. The heroic Captain Jordaki is really in. safety, he escaped to this side of the Pruth; but all his brave companions ,have been sacrificed in -the most barbarous manner at Constantinople.— , Up to this moment not the slightest change has taken place in our relations with the ,Porte. The passage of couriers to and from the army on the Pruth is very frequent. Nothing authentic is hitherto known of any,9fficial declaration, either of the Porte or of the Mediating Powers, in reply to the Ultimatum of our Court. JASS r , JAN 20:—We have most unexpectedly •received pews that Prince Michael Suzzo, late Hospodar of Moldasia, who, since his flight from this city, where he had taken an active part in favour of the insurgent Greeks, had resided in Kischanoff, the capital of Bessarabia, has sud denly received orders to leave the dominions of the Emperor of Russia, and in fact left that place on the night of the 6th inst. We do not know not whither he is gone ; at the same time we hear that several of the former Hetaerist chiefs, Vendedeka, Skufa, Bassili, &c. are ar rested, and sent to different fortresses. All the Greek, Moldavian, Wallachian, and other fugi tives (supposed to be 6 or 7,000 in number,) who had resided along the Pruth and in Bessarabia, 'have received orders from St. Petersburgh spee dily to leave that province and to remove into the interior of the Russian Empire. COPENHAGEN, FEB. 2.—Last year there passed the Sound from the North Sea 4,600 ships, of which 1,393 were English ; from the Baltic 4,577, of which 1,426 were English. SPAIN. We have received papers and letters from Ma drid to the Ist ult. The former contain no news of importance; and the only acts of any interest contained in the latter are found in the following extracts and statements:- 4 C It appears that the conspiracy of Navarre had many ramifications, for at the same time there was discovered at Alcarria (a district si.. tuate only a few miles from Madrid) a party of malcontents plotting against the constitutional system : but what lends a character more grave to this, concurrence of circumstances is, the fact that a carriage was discovered conveying from Madrid to Burgos 2,000 dollars in gold, money recently coined, which had only hitherto been employed in paying the Royal Hotisehold. The proprietor of the carriage has since been found, and there is every reason to believe that the money came from the Palace. " There haS been a secret sitting of the Cortes, the proceedings of which are found in the follow ing statement :—A proposition was made for an address to the King, expressive of the dissatisfac tion with which the legislative body learnt that his Majesty had displaced three Ministers, while he retained two others who had produced such exasperation over the kingdom. Senor Sancho rose on this occasion, and said that something more was necessary than what had been done to vindicate the honour of the Cortes in the eyes of the nation ; that this only could take place by subduing the disposition favourable to despotism, and that in its late proceedings the Congress had shewn more docility than foresight. We have, said he, only a few days more of the session to pass, and we ought to take advantage of them to wipe off the stains with which we are covered. We have done much mischief to the cause of liberty; we have been deceived by the ministry ; we have lent it the support of our sanction while committing those iniquities which acquired for it its fatal celebrity. We shall soon disappear from the political stage. In a few days we may do much—let us do it. Let us repair the evil whidt we have done : still it is time." The Commission appointed by the Cortes to examine the project of law on the liberty of the Press, the right of Petition, and the formation of Popular Societies, has made its Report. On the first point it proposes some modifications, which will not affect the fundamental principle of the freedom of the Press, nor the basis of the law of October, 1820. As to the right of Petition, the Commission recognizes it as incontestable ; but in a well-constituted society, it adds, its exercise does not consist in the power of propa gating the doctrines of anarchy--in blackening the Government and its agents—in defaming pri vate individuals--in outraging the Authorities— or in dissolving the most sacred ties ; and yet all those disorders have more than once been practised under the pretence of petitioning.— The Commission proposes a project of organic law, which contains eleven articles, among which is a restriction of the right of petition to indivi duals, and a. prohibition to the military and civil Authorities to exercise it beyond the strict concerns of their offices. Patriotic societies,in which speeches are delivered, or harangues made to the people, or in which political subjects are publicly dis cussed, are suspended; citizens who may be in clined to form an association of this kind, must address themselves to the Political Chief to ob tain his permission, and must deposit with him a list of the members who compose it, and the code of regulations under which it acts. The Pont; cal Chief may then authorize such societies as appear to him useful, and having a tendency to promote the general good, but always under the following restrictions : " 1. That their meetings shall be held in the day, and not in the night. " 2. That they shall not be held in coffee-houses, taverns, or other establishments of this kind. " 3. That the orators shall never speak extempore, but read their speeches, which, when signed by them, shall be preserved in their archives, and render their authors responsible as if they were printed. " 4. That these meetings or associations shall not lat consid. ered as legal corporations for any purpose, civil or political. " Finally, the Political Chief, and in his absence the local authorities, shall be responsible for any disorders that may take place at these meetings, if they do not apply an immediate re- medy. For this purpose they have the right of suspending, or even of dissolving, the association. It has been officially an nounced to the Cortes, that the Ministers of State, Santa Cruz and Ballasteros, having requested and obtained leave to resign, Sr. Pelerin had accepted provisionally the portefeuille of Foreign Affairs, and Sr. Louis that of Finance." The Government has just received a dispatch from General Latre, at Corunna, stating, that the Regiment of Seville, destined to form part of the Expedition to the Canaries, has refused to em bark. The 26th of November is observed as a ho- liday in New York, under the odd name of " Evacuation Day," not on account of any me dicdl practices, but because it is the Anniversary of the evacuation of that city by the Britisti,now 38 years ago. FOR THE SUN. AMELIORATION OF IRELAND. MR. EDlTOR—Various are the causes assigned for the unhappy state of the SOUTH-WEST portion of Ireland—may I beg leave to offer a new ()O nion ?—to hint that an HIATUS is the principal cause of Irish discontent ! Sir, I nm . not in kst--Ig and thus I explain. In ENGLAND, if you take the lowest of the very low, and give him a few ideas above his situation in life, he instantly becomes discon tented with his lot, and aspires at something higher. Nor does he aspire in vain; for here •the social ranks rise in such easy gradations, that he soon gains his first step, if honest and indus trious. Then new ideas produce new discon tent and new ambition ; and he rises another step, and so on seriatim, until by degrees he reaches a rank in society, which, if it had been contemplated as one jump, would have stamped Hope as Frenzy, and changed Wishes in to Despair! But how is it in that immense agricultural and pastoral range of mountain population in the West and South-west of the Sister Island ? There it is well known that the whole mass, from the holder of a one acre potatoe garden to the more opulent but equally uncivilized farmer of 50 or 100, are upon a par in all respects, except in absolute extent of holding; upon an equality of manners, knowledge, information, and desire of improve ment, without any visible gradations, mental, moral, or political : so that he who feels discon tented with his situation sees not any other rank or rise in life open to him, until he throws his eyes across an immense lllATus—a gulph of im mense breadth and depth, on the opposite side of which he sees the " middle man," to reach whom he knows would be as vain as the labour of SISYPHUS. Let me add to this that the Irish Peasant, for hat applies indiscriminately, is a being of quick conception and of a romantic turn of mind; he prides himself, almost invariably, on being some thing of a lawyer—he is litigious, but vindictive only when his worst passions are roused—he is a good deal of a genealogist, and knows all the lines of blood of the ancient Septs ; he is some thing of an historian too, and can trace back to the ancient and more modern confisca tions : and all these points form the subject of his cogitations and conversations through long summer days on the mountain side, and through long winter nights over his blazing turf. He has leisure too for this; for, living as he does, a few days' labour in the year are suffi cient for the cultivation of his potatoes and the cutting and gathering of his turf ; whilst the edu cation of his pig, on which he prides himself al most as much as on the education of his children, is a solace and amusement, affording the supreme enjoyment of " laying a-bed in a morning to hear him cry !" But, strange as it may appear, the education of his children is not neglected. The services of their Church require some knowledge of Latin, which many a curly-pated ragged boy is taught on the sunny side of many a mountain. The pe ripatetic teachers are also professors of mathe matics, a very favourite study there; and to these we must add the Dancing Master! Now, Sir, I am aware that few of them are likely to rival BENTLEY or PORSON y in classical re-' finement that the Newtonian Principia can not, from them, expect any great improve ments—and that not one in a hundred has, a right to complain that he is not Ballet master at the Opera House but, minds thus constituted and thus Stimulated, must be hot-beds of discontent, wherein the love of change, and even a spirit of revenge, though without any precise object, will flourish like the most noxious and pernicious weeds. I might say something on the effects of their Religion ; but I wish to avoid giving offence to party or to prejudice—liberal minds, Protestant or Catholic, will think for themselves—there is enough, however, already specified to shew that until Society shall be broken into progressive gradations, with fair prospects and means of ris ing, that portion of Ireland must be the. seat of discontent and riot! The love of, and hopes from, change, will always induce them to listen to any seditious orator; the very secresy of organization, the solemnity of secret oaths, and the masonic imi tations, which we see in " Captain Rock's" Creed, will always have charms for their ardent minds; and thousands will always be ready to start at night upon a frolic, without reflecting that they may return home in the morning with their hands embrued in blood ! I may be asked, have I a panacea to offer ? I answer, let resident Landlords do away, as speedily as possible, with middle men ; at least let them encourage, as much as possible, the re sidence of the middle men in the midst of their tenantry. Let the Tythes be changed i n t o a redeemabl e L an d T ax, securing the property of the Church still on the land, but drawing it from the Landlord; instead of the Tenant, in the first instance. An Irish Catholic peasant would rather pay five shillings additional rent to his Landlord than three shillings to a Protestant Tythe Proctor ! Let Fisheries be encouraged ; small fishing towns built ; roads led through the most unfrequented regions; let manufactures be introduced; small shops encouraged; and let va- rious means be adopted to extend the wants and wishes of the peasantry; to induce them to make a better outward appearance in their per sons and in their habitations, which will, of itself, create a speedy gradation in apparent rank ; and, above all things, let that horrible demoralizing process, of making freeholders just previous to elections, .be checked, even by legal enactment, If necessary. These things, I confess, cannot be done in a day ; but until they are fairly set agoing, together with such other improvements as a resident proprietorship would soon find easy and beneficial, I fear we cannot hope for perrna. nest tranquillity. Your's, IG NO TVS. STOCKS PRICE OF TIIIS DAY AT TV Bank Stock 245 3 per Cent. Red. 78 3 per Cent. Cons' 7B 3i per Cent B9s 4 per Cent - 93.4 MGM WATER AT LONDO. Norning, 48 minutes after, 9. , ELVE O'CLOCK. 5 per Cent. Navy An.losii 105 Bank Long Ann. 901„ India Bonds 778. Cons. for Account 7B 78 N BRIDGE TO-MORROW. !Evening, 12 minutes after 10. THE SUN. SOLEM QUIS DU:ERE FALSUM AUDEAT ? LONDON, FRIDAY; FEBRUARY 15, 1822. Lord LONDONDERRY, it is expected, will sub mit his plan of relief to the Agriculturists, in the House of Commons this evening. There are va rious rumours on the subject. Some say that it is the intention of Government that five millions should be advanced, by way of loan, to such farmers as can give security that would be satis factory to Government, though the same security might by no means be deemed sufficient by Bankers. Others assert that the proposition will be to make the issue of five millions to land , owners, taking mortgages as security. A. third rumour is, that the five millions will be employed in purchasing corn, to be stored up it public granaries, until by the elevation of prices, it may be sold out to the public without injury to the agriculturists. Any one of these measures would very probably have the effect of temporarily en hancing the price of the necessaries of life.— The permanenq of the benefit to the agri culturists must depend upon the prospect of a very great extension to our manufactures and commerce, so as 'to increase the de mand for, and generally to raise the value of, manual labour.—The low price of produce, and the consequent distress of the farmers, is allowed to arise from an overabundance of produce, as compared with the market demand. The legiti mate remedy, therefore, both for the farmers and for the people, is an increase of consumption.— But the direct effect of extraordinary measures for raising the price of corn will be to diminish the consumption, and thus ultimately to aggravate the original cause of low prices, by enlarging, instead of reducing, the surplus stock in hand.— It is not expected, it cannot be expected by Government, that the consumption will be in creased, by enabling the farmers to hold back their produce until the prices shall rise. The consumption, on the contrary, as we have already stated, would by this means be diminished.—Go. vernment, therefore, must expect that the rem), vation of manufacturing industry will be so exte' • sive as to create an increased consumption, in de fiance even of increased price.—On the fulfilment of this expectation, the success of the scheme de pends.—The experiment is a dangerous one. If, by enhancing the price of ‘food,any of our branches of industry should be injuriously affected, or if, though the present employment of industry should not be slackened, there should not be so very great a demand for labour as generally to raise wages, the mass of the people will be subjected to unnecessary suffering, without any permanent advantage to the land-owners and occupiers ;—and the revenue will inevitably full off.--We confess that, for our part, we see no prospect of such a rise in the wages of labour as will have the effect which this scheme antici pates. Time, however, if the expedient be adopted, will solve the difficulty. Sir ROBERT WILSON'S narrative of his pro ceedings on the 14th of August is so far advan tageous to his character, as it circumstantially contradicts the rumours circulated against him in some of the newspapers a few months ago, im puting to him practices little short of treason : at the same time it describes a course of conduct not only of a nature to warrant his immediate dismissal, but which rendered it impossible to re tain him in the service without setting a most pernicious example, and indirectly casting a re proach upon loyal and honourable members of the army. Sir ROBERT volunteered his attend ance upon the QUEEN'S funeral, without, as he declares, having had even the opportunity of participating in any measures that might have been taken for obstructing the procession. He must, however, have known that, with which all London rang, the passionate opposition made by the QUEEN'S adherents to the plan laid down by Government; he must have known the ferment so industriously excited and sustained in the pub lic mind ; he could not but have read the letter, in all respects so remarkable, of Lady Hoop, in which she foretold the bloodshed that would ensue if her admonitions and those of her party were not at tended to ; and he must therefore have perceived the probability of a conflict between the popu lace and the King's troops, which would render the situation of au Officer in the King's pay ex tremely embarrassing, that Officer being present in no military capacity, but forming a conspicuous part of the assemblage which was likely to be the central point of confusion. If these consider ! ations were not sufficient to deter him from ac companying the procession through town, they at least left him without excuse for any conduct, during that attendance, which could be deemed in the slightest degree unguarded : and if any motive for caution could be wanting in this most delicate situation, it was supplied by the remem brance that he already laboured under the cen sure of his SOVEREIGN for his exertions in behalf of a condemned traitor abroad. Sir ROBERT witnessed the encounter at Kensington, where the Civil Power was defied and the mili tary assaulteJ ; and it is worthy of remark, that, at this place, he, attended by Mr. HUME, did ride forward to the head of the procession, where Sir ltonEnT addressed both the mob and the commanding military officer. To the officer he recommended the very step so loudly repro bated since, of altering the route of the proces sion by military command. " He asked " (we quote his own speech from The Times)" whether IL was intended to go through the City ? " and observed further, " that his (the officer's) answer would finish the matter—that his word would settle the business, and perhaps prevent mis chief." Sir ROBERT then parleyed with the rioters, who-had seized upon a baggage waggon, and at his desire they released it. The leaders . of the processsion at length yielded to the op posing force, and moved on in a : new direction (as Captain OAKES deposed..before\the Cormier)/ amidst shouts from the ; mall, of " Victory! victory ! thank Gob, to Jilt beat them once !" When the mo re f a t a l conflici7, ook place at Cum berland-gate, and was announced by the sound of pistols. Sir ROBERT was at some distance in the rear, and he again prepared to push forward. and reconnoitre, as he had done at Kensington. Rut his friend, the MeMber for Aberdeen, was not equally ready to accompany- him on this service. " For Goo's sake, Sir Rooroor," said the . finan cier, " don't let us go there"! lie recollected on this occasion what appears not to have struck him at Kensington, that their interference in the riot, for whatever purpose, might expose them to " misconstruction." We at first suspected that the Honourable Mourner might have thought, like Mr. KETTLEDRUMLE, in the Scotch Novel ; " of a verity the shootin g_ of the focinen doth begin to inc rea s e ; peradventure some pellet may attain unto us even here." !lot we are ready to admit that the fear of rni ,, ;:oeitruction is a very sufficient reason for keeping out of pistol shot. Sir R.WILSON, however,hastened o on, and arrived at Cumberland gate near the conclusion of that skirmish, in the course of which, it will be re collected, that 41 Life Guardsmen were wounded', and two of the mob were killed. The conflict had slackened, but some of the soldiers were still firing ; stones were occasionally thrown, an nounced by shouts, and one soldier was severely struck in Sir ROBERT'S presence. The fear of being misrepresented which he, adopting Mr. Huma's explanation, declares himself to have felt at this time, prevented his addressino.himself to the rioters, though he acknowledges having done so at Kensington ; but he boldly rode np to the soldiers, and began to question them as to their orders; to tell them they were disgracing them selves, and to bid them desist from firing...— Meeting a Magistrate, he informs him that the military have been firing without orders, and rebukes him for not having been in the right place ; he then finds out the corn mending officer, whom he counsels to keep the Magistrate close by himself and to withdraw tha soldiers (whose duty, indeed, was now accom plished) for the purpose of preventing " the, manifestation of further ill-feeling." And how had this officer been employed ? We will relate it in his own words, as delivered on oath before the Coroner. " I entered Oxford-street," Cap tain OAKES says, " under a shower of brickbats from every direction. On arriving at Tyburn Gate I found a mob on both flanks, the one be hind the iron railing, the other behind the barrier of a waggon and a tree or piece of timber. A third mob was found behind Ty burn Gate. A simultaneous attack commenced from three positions; entire submission would have been to sacrifice every man ; I was induced to ride at the gate to dislodge the rioters, who were drawn up against me; the men had no means of defending themselves ; a pistol became the only alternative ; as far as my observation went, the pistols were directed in the air, with view rather to intimidate than to retaliate upon the mob ; having removed the waggon from the Edgware-road, the proceision then proceeded ; I then retired to inform the Magistrate that there was no further occasion for the military."— Such was the character of the conflict, and such the spirit of resistance that led to - the first firing. Under circumstances like these the interference of any unauthorised person, in whatever stage of the tumult, was highly culpable, but that of a military officer not on duty could, we think, have been regarded as nothing less than a public de fiance of all discipline and subordination. It will be remembered how sedulously, during the late QUEEN'S life-time, a notion was inculcated that some part of the troops were favourable to her cause in a degree inconsistent with their duty; persons who were in London on the day of the funeral will recollect how actively the report was spread, and how eagerly receiv e d, th a t detach ments of the military had turned their arms against each other ; is it then to be wondered at that When, amidst the contusion of this fray, Sir Ito- BERT WILSON—LAVALETTE?S Sir ROBERT WlL sos, the staunch partizan of the Qui:EN, was observed riding among the private soldiers, dis tinguished by that Star which he wore for a rea son not to be divined till he himself explained it, inquiring what orders had been given, bidding the men cease to fire, reproaching, probably not in whispers, those who disobeyed, expostulating with the Magistrate, dictating to the Officer in command, but addressing neither reproach, in quiry, nor expostulation to the rioters, who con tinued their attacks, whom he had not scrupled to accost at Kensington, and who on that occas ion had given him a favourable hearing ; when these things happened, is it to be wondered at that per sons should have mistaken Sir ROBERT for a sup porter of the populace against the King's troops ? Can any one pronounce that his demeanour, even by creating such an impression, might not have given a still more disastrous turn io the riot? And is it just matter of complaint that a Gene ral Officer, having made an exhibition of this kind, should instantly have been punished by a summary and decisive exercise of the KING'S indisputable and most constitutional prerogative? Our army, we are proud to believe, has as yet no LA FAYETTES or RIEGOS, nor will such men arise in it while the principle is jealously main tained, that a soldier's fidelity is like a woman's chastity ; its very semblance cannot be thrown aside without a loss of honour.—But the zeal of Sir ROBERT WILSON was to be excused, because he was interposing to stop the shedding of Eng lish blood. Of English blood ! And is it not ' English blood that fills the veins of our heroic men of Waterloo ? Because a part of that blood has been given for the defence and glory of Bri tain, is it therefore to he held viler than the blood of pickpockets and assassins, the last re fuse of a London populace ? Are our brave Life Guardsmen to be crushed with stones and bricks? and when at length they repel the attack upon • their lives, is the fact so monstrous as to be made .4}A 4 n , it.. ( da, ( li t l'h, (I n . ... 1 , S tai k., tth ie Ari s , 4 gri, Pres, Li 4:14