The Sun. — London, England, 1853-10-14 00:00:00

2 , 000,000 souls, and is most remarkable for its industry. The whole dateable property of Lancashire is about 7,000,0001. a-year. If you take that at twenty years' purchase, it will make a sum of 140,000,0001. sterling. By rateable property we mean all the land and all the build ings upon the land. The value, then, at twenty years' purchase of the county of Lancaster is 140,000,0001. But take our 17,000,0001. a year that we are now spend ing, and throw it into a principal sum at the rate of 3 per cent., and it involves or represents a principal sum of not less than 560,000,0001. That is the investment which we now make, the interest from which sustains the army and navy of this country ; and you will see the sum of 560,000,0001. is equal to four tines the value of all the lands and all the buildings in the most popu lous and wealthy county in the United Kingdom. Now, in 1847 the whole ratable property of England was about 64,000,0001. sterling, and if you take 16,000,0001. or 17,000,0001. per annum for your military expenditure in a time of peace, every four years you will appropriate the whole income of all the land and all the buildings in England to support that very military expenditure. Well, then, why should not we look at this question as a great practical question ? Our forefathers did many things in their time, and we have done some. Why cannot we do this ? The Emperor of the French may say, " I cannot reduce my army to 200,000 men ; my position is not very secure ; I have not the prestige of a venerable and ancient monarchy, like England." The Emperor of Austria may say, " I have Lombardy on one side and Hungary on the other ; " but we can say none of thes e thi ngs . W e have a Government which we respect--(hear, hear) • we have a monarch who per haps —yea, certainly—will bear comparison, and a fa vourable comparison —(cheers), with any or with all of her predecessors upon the English throne ; and we have a people more united, I undertake to say, at this moment, in regard to the law as a nation, than we have had at any former period of our history. (Ch eers .) We have no necessity for an armed force to keep down the people, or to enforce obedience to the law ; and yet our Government, by a succession of tricks by cajoling the people—by persuading them to be frightened by one story after another—has induced them to permit them to raise the military expenditure from 11,000,0001. in 1835 to 17,000,0001. in 1853. We have got a militia. Well, I was one of those in the House of Commons who opposed the militia. (Hear, hear.) There was nobody in favour of the militia. It is certain that Lord John Russell's Cabinet differed much in opinion about it. They were to a large extent indifferent ; and when Lord Derby's Cabinet came in, they brought for ward the militia scheme because their predecessors had brought it in, and because there is a very large class always existing pleased to have the Government going on with an increased military expenditure ; and the favour of that class would be obtained by the Militia Bill. The militia cost between 500,0001. and 600,000/, a-year—about double what we were told it would cost. The patronage is in the hands of somebody, and is used for political purposes. (Hear, hear.) Bear in mina that this great military expenditure is not at all necessary. They keep up the army and navy that they may rais e the taxes. They do not raise the taxes that they may keep up the army and navy. It is a great portion of our system of government. 17,000,0001. of expenditure creates an enormous interest --that interest goes with the executive Government—it corrupts men, and blinds them to the great morality of this question. (Hear, hear.) Thus you find all over the country, and just as much in Scotland as any where else--for I believe the people of the north are never backward in looking after their own interest--scores and hundreds of families who somehow or ether have something out of these 17,000,000/. ; and if a man once gets hold of the public money, it is not to this question alone, but to every other question that he shuts his eyes. He does not care for reform. Oh, no ; he is content with the Government—he knows on which side his bread is buttered--and he takes care not to disturb a system which works exceedingly well for him. Look at your colonies. You have got no fewer than 46,000 troops in the colonies. Why do you want several thousand troops in Canada, a country more liberally governed than England, with a better representative system, and where the condition of every man who is decent and industrious is equal to that of the middle-class people of this country ? Yet you pay for several thousand men in Canada and in the West India Islands. Surely it is necessary to put a stop to this pouring out of the extorted wealth of this country for purposes in which the people have no direct or indirect interest whatever. All this arises front the fact that a great portion of the people do not examine into politics, while another large portion take their opinions at second-hand from some paper which they read, and which writes very tested leading articles, appealing to the gallantry of the British nation and speaking about the British lion as a terror to the world. The British lion is a very old animal, and I wish in that shape he would die once for all. (A laugh.) They are the people who are now making an uproar. What can be done ? These conferences will do some thing. The country has been in danger of running mad within the last two months. We do not intend that the country shall run mad. We intend to bring about a lucid interval. But England is nearly becoming one vast lunatic asylum every few years. Every now and again some clap-trap question is being raised, and the people are expected to run after it. Well, if they do enter into a war, we shall have no Parliamentary reform next session—no more reduction of taxes—you will have your industry very much discouraged, and your people very much brutalised. In fact, the advantage is all on one aide and all against us. I cannot conceive of any result to a war with Russia which can at all compensate to my mind for the inevitable mischiefs which war, un der present circumstances, must bring upon this country. Just now there is a great talk about draining our towns. Suppose we brought our military astpancliturQ .Town from 17,000,0001. to 11,000,0001., that wonid leave us 6,000,0001. to drab all the towns in the country. (Cheers.) I perceived this morning that Mr. Cobden did not assume a defensive tone. There is no occasion for it. We will put other people upon their defence. We are the peace party. Christians called us the peace party, and thought we ought to be ashamed of the name. (Hear, hear, and a laugh.) Well, we shall call them the war party ; and if we must go to war with them upon this question, as we are ready to do, I think, the argu ments are so entirely upon one side, that there cannot be the least doubt we shall win. lam ashamed to be long to a country that conducts itself as if it were a tribe of Red Indians. We never bury the hatchet. We never give up war. We have fleets prowling about on every sea, and bullying somebody on every coast. (A laugh.) We cannot be as rational as the United States. The population of the United States is about 24,000,000, and by the time of the next census it will be as large as that of this country. Now, it is a fact that, taking into consideration the expenditure of the Federal Govern ment, the expenses of all the states, the cost of education, the payment of the debts both of the Union and of the separate states, and the expenditure for military pur poses, the whole income and expenditure of that great country is not more than 14,000,000/. ; so that we spend on the army and navy alone, after thirty years of peace, and apart from our expenditure in India, 3,000,0001. more than a nation of nearly equal population, of far greater extent of territory, and of a trade nearly ap proaching to ours, expends in every department of Go vernment, education included. I would like to ask you now, if you ever met an American who believed himself less safe in the world than an Englishman ? Lord Aber deen says be is for peace, and I believe him. Lord Palmerston says he is for peace, and I do not believe he wants to go to war. (Hisses and cheers.) These men do not want war at this moment, and I believeiheGO: vernment is endeavouring honestly and anxiously to avert the horrors of war, (Hear. hear.) But although they do not want war, they allow themselves to be the dupes of a false opinion and the servants of that great and powerful interest which we have allowed to grow up in this country ; and while they tell us in Parliament and out of it that peace is their object, and that almost at all hazards they will preserve peace, they still insist that 16,000,0001. or 17,000,0001. a year is the very least with which they can maintain a peace establishment. Three thousand years hence, when they take up anything that belongs to the present generation, it will appear very much like the Nineveh marbles. When inspecting those curiosities in the British Museum, I observed horses and chariots of war, scythes, captives in chains, and last among the indications of the horrors of war, the tyrant and the slave, the powerful lord and the humble sufferer. We have not got a bit further than that. It is quite true the sculptors of the present day would not make such figures as I saw in the Nineveh- room. We have not the same batteringrams ; we have not to get over rivers on bladders ; but the result is if sjust the s ame —war ; and three thousand years be there be any monuments extant of our own times—of the p o lit y, the conduct, and the public morality of Eng land in 1 853—they will show that during the last 3,000 years we have scarcely made a single bit of progress. Now, I ask you, citizens of Edinburgh, and gentlemen from all parts of the country, if this should not be re medied even in our own day to some extent ? I ask you whether, with the freedom of the platform which we enjoy —with t h e partial freedom of the press, and I hope ere long to see it entirely free—with the freedom and universality of the pulpit—with publications pour. ing out from every prase, and no where to a greater extent than in this e itY--.4 ask you whether, with all these elements for aacertaining truth and spreading in formation, it is not posaible for us to create a sounder opinion in this country ; t o ..say to the Government, govern wisely, govern well —we require no military force to keep the peace in England—treat all foreign nations courteously, kindly, and hono urably —adhere to the great principle of non-intervention, and you may then cut down to an extent, which I will not now stay accurately to describe, the army and navy of this country. After, some further observations, th e hon. member concluded amidst great c h eer i ng. Bailie FYFE supported the resolution, which was carriediiith acclamation. Mr. SAMUEL BOWLEY (of Gloucester) moved a reso lution, to the effect that this conference, believinc, that the intervention, by threatened or actual violence, of one country in the internal politics of another, is a fre quent cause of bitter and desolating Wars, maintains that the right of every State to regulate its own affair. should be held absolute and inviolable, and that this country ought to abstain from entering into any treaties or alliances binding the Government to intervene by force of arms in the domestic concerns of any other people. The resolution was seconded by Mr. BIGGS, M.P., and agreed to. The Conference then adjourned till this day. FEMALE , PARISH CLERK---In the parish register of Totteridge appears the following :—" 1802, March 2. — Buried, Elizabeth King, widow , for forty-six years cle r k 7 of this parish, in the ninety-first year of her age. (Burn on Parish Registers, 110). Is there any similar instance on reeord of a woman being a parish clerk ? Y.S.M.—Notes and Queries. THEATRE ROYAL DRURY-LANE. Lessee, Mr. E. T. SOLith. THIS EVENING. OCTOBER 14, Will ba performed THE WIFE. Supported by Messrs. G. V, Brooke, Davenport, A. Younge, Morgan, Bernard, Moorhouse, Hal. lord, and J. Johnston ; Mesdames Edward, Lewis, and Vickery. To be followed by VERY SUSPICIOUS. Supported by Mr. G. Wild and Miss F. Williams. ROYAL PRLNCESA'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Uneer the Management of Mr. CHARLES RYAN THIS EVENING, OCT. 14, Win be performed THE DAY AFTER THE WEDDING. Sup ported by Mr. and Mrs. W. Lacy. Aft er which, Lord Byron's Tragedy of SARDANAPALUS, con siderably abridged for stage representation. Principal characters by Mr. and Mrs. C. Kean. To conclude with A ROLAND FOR AN OLIVER. Supported by Mr. W. Lacy and Miss C. Leclercq. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHI. Proprietor, Mr. B. Webster,—Directress, Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, OCT. 14, Will be performed THE DISCARDED SON. Characters Leigh Murray, Paal Bedford, and Keeley ; Mrs. Keeley and M] Woolgar. To be followed by "HOTEL CHARGES!" or, How to. Cook " A Biflin." After which, THE CAMP AT CFIOBHAM. To conclude with COMING OF AGE. ASTLETS ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. W. Cooke. IMMENSE SUCCESS OP THE NEW BURLESQUE. "Two of the Tableaux contained in it are among the most effective ever seen in this Theatre."—Times. " The success was complete."—Morning Chronicle. " A more showy or more in teresting Piece we have never seen at this attractive house."— Morning Advertiser. " The Chobham Camp is a very effective feature."—Sun. "The mou ntin g was magnificent. —Era. "And met with a well-merited and dedided success."—Reynolds's Weekly Paper. " Repeated with great success every Evening daring the PETITE L MARIE CARLOTTI on the past Week."—WeeklYf T ri lle Fi rs t Appearance o TIGHT ROPE. THIS EVENING, Ocr. 14, And during the week, will be presented (the 29th time) the New Classical Burlesque, entitled JUPITER'S DECREE, AND THE FALL OF PHATON; or, THE FIERY COURSERS OF THE SUN, supported by the entire strength of the Company. - - - - - - New and original Scenes in the Circle, introdacing Signor CAR. LO and Signor FRANCOIS. Concluding with (104th time) THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO. Box-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. DAILY WEATHER TABLE. FRIDAY, OCT. 14, 1853. State of the wind and weather at each of the following places at nine o'clock yesterday morning. The stations are arranged in order of latitude. SOUTHAMPTON--N.E., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. FOLKESTONE —E., calm—partially cloudy. TUNBRIDGE—E., gentle breeze—foggy. GREENWICH—N.E., gentle breeze—overcast. STROOD—E., gentle breeze—overcast. SWINDON—N.E., fresh breeze—cloudy. CAMBRIDGE—N.E., small rain. YARMOUTH—E., strong breeze—overcast. The returns from the following places indicate the state of the weather on Wednesday morning at nine o'clock : MuLLINGAR—N.W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. FOLKESTONE—E., gentle breeze—scud—rain. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. NI DAY —Morning 56 min. after 11 I Evening 21 min. a ft . 12 ro-Moe.Row —Morning 44 min.after 12 Evening 6 min.aft. 1 THE WEATHER.—Styx OFFICE, OCT. 14. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 58—highest since noon yesterday. 53—lowest this morning and during the night. 61—this day at noon. BAROMETER, 29'78. WIND, S.S.W.—Light breeze, and fine, sunshiny weather. , • . h i cfr, MONEY MARKET AND CITY INTELLIGENCE. CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. The sales of cotton at Liverpool yesterday were estimated at 7,000 bales, of which 1,000 were taken for export and on speculation. The market was tame, but steady ; American at sd. were id. higher, other sorts without alteration. The sales comprised 5,500 American, 160 Pernam and Marn ham at 61d. to 6ftd., 100 Bahia at 6,1-d. to sgd., 200 Egyptian at 6/d. to 8/d., nd 1,000 Surat at 3d. to 4i-d. per lb. Railway shares were dull, at rather lower prices. A fair business has this week been done in the produce markets. At the same time, the business done is almost entirely for immediate consumption, Holders do not press forward goods beyond what the demand will conveniently take ; but, on the other hand, there is no keeping back supplies in expectation of an advance. Tallow is just now the article most speculated in. Cotton has been firmer, hemp and flax are in demand, sugar and coffee have been steady, and some new season teas have been purchased higher than for several years. In rum there have been moderate sales. Iron is in repeat. Yesterday there was more disposition to sell indigo, which caused increased spirit in the bid dings, but prices ruled rather in favour of buyers ; 1,968 chests passed, of which 811 were withdrawn, 480 bought in, and 677 sold. Total passed 10,639, of which 4,128 have been sold. The steamer La Plata, arrived from the West Indies, brings late advices and a large amount of bullion not accurately estimated as yet, though a good deal is in silver. Jamaica accounts state : " The hearts of planters are rejoicing, in consequence of the favourable seasons which have set in, not only in Trelawny, but in the adjoining parishes of St. James and Hanover. The crops are considerably advanced, and there is every appearance of an abundant yield of the staple products. In Hanover there have been large returns of yams and cocoas, with which the Falmouth market has been fully supplied during the last three weeks, at 10s. to 12s. per hundred pounds. A corre spondent informs us that they can be bought at Lucca at one-third of that price, and that there is no want of purchasers, who buy for the purpose of retailing them in districts in which ground provisions are not culti vated to a great extent." The following satisfactory statement is from Trinidad : "We reported some time ago that two ships had arrived here to take those Coolies back to India who have completed their industrial residence of five years. The first of these vessels 'the Bucephelue) sailed last week for Calcutta, carrying 282 men, 23 women, and two children. On counting the money over on board the ship, which these men saved during their stay in Trinidad, it was ascertained that the sum total exceeded 30,000 dollars. Several Coolies on board expressed their desire of coming on shore again for another term, but they were not allowed to do so. Many of them, espe cially those who made money, said that they would re turn to Trinidad with their families, after a stay of six or nine months in India. "The necessary number of men for the second ship can hardly be made up, and many of those already on board wish to come back. These men begin to recol lect their former circumstances in India, when periodi cal starvation and continual poverty was their lot, and though love of country may make them desirous of visiting India again, few if them will stay here, when they know that by transplanting themselves to the West Indies they will find continual employ ment at wages which will no', only supply their wants, but enable them to save up noney, and to better their condition. " Although these return passages appear at present as thrown away money, and although it is most desirable that future immigrants should become permanent settlers, the return of these two ships full of men, all, or nearly all', in much better circumstances than when they came, will act as an inducement for thousands of their class to re move from the East to the West Indies. " It is only a short time ago that it was ascertained that the East India Company never stipulated for re turn passages to Coolies. It seemed all along very strange to us, that a company who evidently cares very little about the millions of people under their control, except as the means of snaking a good dividend for the proprietors of India stock, should all at once become so anxious about their welfare, comforts, and their love of country, as to stipulate that they should be sent back again to India after their term of industrial residence is over. A single famine in India, brought about either by mal-administration or want of foresight of the Indian Government (East India Com3any), destroys more of their people than have ever emigrated to the West Indies. " The stipulation for return passages emanates from the Board of Control." " We suppose that the Board of Control looked upon Coolie immigration to the West Indies as an experiment which ought to be made at die cost of the West Indies only, and which, being an experiment, and as such as a doubtful question, should A all events not hazard a forced expatriation of the Coolies, before it was ascer tained that the West Indies could offer a better home to them than their native country. But wo think this question is now solved by West Indians as well as by csivulies themselves." The Bank of St. Thomls had made an excellen. report. Some of the parties who proceeded from Jamaica to Australia have returned, and few of those who remained had done any good at the " diggins." Panama papers of August state : "It is contemplated to pit from four to eight thousand men immediately to work an the repairs of the Cruces Road, and the completion 3f the railroad I—and by the Ist of October, we may expect, if the plans as detailed to us are carried out, to arnounce that passengers and their baggage can and will be put through from Aspin wall to this city, and vice versa in twelve hours. In structions to carry out these views and plans have been received by the mail which got here on Thursday, and our readers, both local aid distant, may rest assured that immediate measures will be adopted to carry them into effect." By, way of Panama, there are one or two letters in town, to so late a date as July 19, from Sydney. Owing to the state of the roads, not much gold was arriving there. There has not been time yet to ascertain the nature of the commercial news, but the markets are believed to have been dull. The steamer Argo had arrived out ; she left Southamp ton May 8. The Osmanli also had got out. A " sensation" was produced in the Stock Ex change yesterday afternoon by the posting of a telegraphic dispatch at Lloyd's, stating that a Rus sian squadron had passed off the coast ; but on in quiry it appeared that this merely referred to a Prussian steamer and a corvette, which were pro , ceeding, it is supposed, t o one our ports. Although the political news is as unfavourable as ever, the completion of the settlement of the account has shown money stock to be so scarce that pfces have rallied considerably after the de cline of yesterday. There is anenorruous amount of " bearing," and, should war be averted, a sudden rise might be expected in all securities. A very energetb course on the part of Government might even bring about a similar result, confidence being the main requisite. Consols have been 911 and 921 for Transfer, and 911 to 92 for Account. The New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents. have been 925 to 93. East India Stock is marked 245 to 248. Exchequer Bills have realised 4s. to Bs. premium. Foreign Securities have been very quiet, con sidering this is settling clay. Portuguese 4 per Cents. have been marked 42k. Not a bargain is officially noted in Spanish Bonds. Mexican have reached 24, Equador have been at 4 to /. Rus sian 5 per Cents, keep steady at 112 to Dutch 4 per Cents. ex-dividend are 931 to 94. The Railway Share market has been firmer, but the operations have been extremely limited. French Shares have been nominally higher, but with seal-alp anything doing. Th( Gold Mine Shares are steady, aid slightly dearer. The Australian Bank Shares look firm. In the Land Companies' Shares there is nothing doing. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY. (From the Official List.) 3 per O Business done nt. Reduced Annuiti es 905 1k 90i 1 3 per Cent. Consols Annuities . 922 1f 21 1i 2i 2 New 3f per Cent. Annuities 92 i 3 Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan., 1860 64 3-16 Ditto 3( Years, Expire sth Jan., 1860 si India St)ck Consols for Account Exchequer Bills, 2d. £l600 2503 8 4 p Small 8 4 p PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY. Braziliar Bonds, 5 per l 'ant Ditto 3mall Ditto New, 1852, 411 per Cent 95 Cuba Bo ids, 6 per Cent lOO Equadoi Bonds Mexican 3 per Cent. Ditto for the Account 24 i 3;l' Peruvian. 3 per Cent. Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent 444 Ditto 4 per Cent .......... .............. . Russian Bonds, 1822, 5 per Cent.. St ll2 4 Ditto .4 per Cent 96 Spanish New Deferred, 3 per Cent. 2la i Ditto Passive (Converted) Spanish Committ ee C er t. o f C oup. not fun 54 p c Dividends on the above payable In London. Dutch Exchange, 24 per Cent. 12 Guil Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates . ..... . Consols ....................... Ditto October Account THREE O'CLOCK. vh g 1 , 14 2 Strong opinions continue to be expressed regarding the urgent necessity for a decisive step on the part of the government to throw open the coasting trade, facilitate the supply o f coals throughout th e kingdom. A public meeting h i L on d on on the subject may pro bably prove desirable.so as to THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 14, 1853 , LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1853. Temple-bar was recently called by somebody _ _ ;he old and leaden-headed gateway of an old and eaden-headed Corporation. Was it not Mr. DICKENS in the commencement of "Bleak-house," who gave it that apt and characteristic desig,na tion ? Whoever the satirist, the object of his sarcasm is by this time, we fancy, pretty gene rally recognised as an eyesore and a public nuisance. Foremost, in fact, among the many unsightly obstructions still tolerated in the midst of our great city improvements. Foremost, we maintain, among them all—for while Middle-row is what the Yankees might accurately call an in tolerable stumbling "block" of houses in the very centre of Holborn, and while Holywell-street is to the Strand at once a disgrace and an impedi mont—Temple-bar is the worst of all, because it stands preciselyin the mid-ohannel of the principal thoroughfares connecting the City of London with the City of Westminster. It is the worst of all, because it is of no possible utility whatsoever. Besides being wholly useless, Temple-bar cannot but be rpip.,i.a not in any way an ornament. It may be pronounced, without any thing like exaggeration, to be almost as ugly as it is obstructive. Situated exactly at the point of union between the Strand and Fleet-street— channels which together may be regarded as the main artery for the traffic of the metropolis— Temple-bar literally acts upon the current of that traffic as a stricture would act upon the flow of blood through an artery. Before the broad flood of that incessant traffic can pass in or out of the capital, it is com pelled to narrow itself to the petty width of the old gateway, and so, by a painful struggle, to pass onwards to its destination. And all this intoler able inconvenience for what ? To preserve a hideous pile of masonry, because, forsooth, of its antiquity ! An antiquity by the way, extending back—how far may you suppose Why, scarcely a couple of centuries ! Temple-bar, as it is, has scarcely stood there, entirely useless and assuredly not ornamental, for more than one hundred and fifty or one hundred and sixty years at the very utmost. Really, to hear some of those who advo cate the retention of the old gateway on the score of its being a venerable memento of the past, one might conjecture that they were arguing against the removal of the Sphinx or the destruction of one of the Pyramids. It might almost be fancied that they were pleading with somewhat the same reason with which the sentimentalist in the ballad pleaded for the life of the old tree threatened by the axe of the woodman. Instead of which the champions of Temple-bar are beseeching the re formers to spare not one of the glories of the forest, green after a thousand years' existence, not some inestimable treasure of the classic ages, like the House of SALLUST at Pompeii, but one of the Follies of London, built just a little earlier than the days of JOHN GILPIN, citizen and haberdasher— a more absurd Folly than the famous and hap pily long since extinct Folly on the Thames—a Folly born out of a crotchet not of the Picts, or of the Saxons, or even of the Normans, but of our dear old blundering (may we not again apply the phrase ?) and leaden-headed great-great-grand fathers. Call Temple-bar a relic of the past ! Rather term it a proof positive of the ignorance of yesterday ! A structure that is, perhaps, all thiugs eunsidered, about the most. inappropriate building that could by possibility have been contrived as the porch to the metropolis of the greatest of all the earth's trading populations. Regarding Temple-bar in this light, considering it to be at once, as we have said, an eyesore and a nuisance, we are heartily rejoiced to observe that the Report of the Committee appointed to inquire into the question of the advisability or non-advisability of its removal, yesterday, elicited in the Common Council a really sensible, and, as it happily came to pass, a pefectly suc cessful amendment. This amendment, which was carried by a majority of 12 in a Court of 58, was briefly to the effect—" That the report be sent back for further consideration, and that the plan now submitted, or any other, having for its object to obtain further roadway or footway in that por tion of Fleet-street, be considered." Let us hope that, in this reconsideration of this difficulty, the Committee may adopt some speedy and rational plan for the removal of the present gateway— though it may be for the substitution of some sig,litlier and broader, and loftier structure of al similar character. It will be well for the metropolis, moreover, if, together with this desirable chancre in the site of Temple-bar, there may be organised, in connec tion with the locality, a number of scarcely less anxiously looked-for city impr i\i c o v w emts u . on 7 st h re e e re t: Where fore is it, for example, that the noble thoroughfare now beingopecnaendnotfrobme Eastcheap to St. P au l' s-c hurchyard, carried yet a littl e f ur th er emerge more immediat e ly i n centtTliewa rcl ? ofSo a Bridge street (Blackfriars) than is intended, and_ s ki rt _ ing either directly to the north or directly t o th e south of Bridewell—to pass into Fleet-street b y Water-lane, or somewhere in that neighbourhood. A bold continuation of New Cannon-street upon this plan would wonderfully relieve the traffic at present pouring to and fro along Ludgate-hill. It would prove, in fact, we feel confident, as advantageous an improvement as could well be contrived for the British metropolis. Why can not a change of this obviously useful character be effected ? We may surely venture thus far at least, if we cannot hope yet a while to accomplish some of the more splendid pro jects for the benefit of the general appearance of the capital—such, for example, as the magnifi cent scheme for so connecting Holborn and the Strand by a new street crossing the north-east end of Long-acre, that the British Museum and Somerset House might confront each other at the extremities of a broad and noble thoroughfare. A'strange delusion has gone abroad with respect to the alleged mildness and humanity of the Eng lish law—the gentle treatment of prisoners, and the persuasive methods adopted to win them back from vice, and instruct them, at the termination of their incarceration, to "go forth and sin no more." A true Englishman will rejoice in the supposed abolition of capital punishments, except in cases of wilful and deliberate murder—at the disust of the degrading and brutalising " Cat"— and will speak with horror of the dungeons of Tuscany, from which the fair propagandist, Miss CUNNINGHABIE has just been rescued. But, unfor tunat&y, it appears that these vauntings and sell. gratulations have been a little premature. The " secrets of the prison-house" are oozing out by degre4s, thanks to the movement originated by the zealotis, humane, and disinterested exertions of Mr. JOSEPH ALLDAY, of Birmingham ; and each day some new abomination, some unparalleled cruelty, is brought to light, which, although per fectlyl illegal, is inflicted by model governors with the tacit connivance of visiting justices. Far better would it be that we retained the most san guinary provisions of our old penal code—that with ;more than Draconic severity we visited any breach of the law with a painful and ignominious deathlon the scaffold, than to consign the offenders' to the tender mercies of Lieutenant AUSTIN, to be experimented on by that benevolent officer, whom the visiting justices found to be so " faithful, ener getic, and painstaking in the discharge of his difficult and laborious duties "—far better that the sturdy vag,rant should be publicly launched into eternity ,by the common hangman than that he should be driven to lay violent hands upon himself in the refractory cell. A felo de se from the impossibility of enduring the horrible barbarities to which he was subjected, or dismissed with broken constitu tion to linger out the residue of his miserable life, unable to earn an honest subsistence for himself. Far better that there should be corporal punishment administered as of old at the cart's tail or the public whipping-post, than the lash should be privately laid on in the seclusion of the gaol at the mere will and pleasure of a man " whose appetite for punishing breaches of what he Galls discipline" is described by a competent authority to be " insatiable ;" who, " when a boy had to be flogged, seemed as though he could not miss the opportunity of being present," and ap peared to derive " a direct gratification " from being present. Better that the " rack " and the " boot," the " pilniwinks" and " thumbikins," and other instruments of torture formerly in use should be revived, if only brought into operation under the direction and in the presence of a hiem ber of the Privy Council, than that the " crank," with its attendant "debility, swelling of the legs, wasting of the flesh, and paleness when at work," and followed by the new disease consequent on its use, and known to the prison officials as " crank cedema" should be brought into operation by an irresponsible governor, and warders who thought that their authority was supreme, and that they could do as they pleased with the wretched vic tims placed under their control—who could wel come a prisoner with the intimation that an indi vidual warder " would drive the soul out of him, and see that he did not leave the prison alive (1)" a promise too truly fulfilled in one instance at least. But, in addition to the " crank," there was the strait-jacket, the collar, handcuffs, strap , ping to the wall, deprivation of bed and gas, de privation of exercise and attendance in chapel, flagelln tinn o ocru..;rt tr ocad mayor, and, a bo,o all, semi-starvation—a most efficient means of torturing when the diabolical ingenuity of those in whose hands the power was conferred of thus maltreating the miserable beings placed under their charge is taken into consideration. Surely, then, the system formerly adopted, although hun dreds were publicly strangled in each and every year, was far superior to that so recently in use in Birmingham and Leicester and other prisons, into the management of which no inquiry has as yet been instituted, and in favour of which there are, doubtless, many of the great unpaid ready and willing to certify. But it is not merely convicts who have been subjected to this stringent discipline, these painful privations. Persons who are awaiting their trials and merely detained for safe custody, who by the theory of the British law are supposed to be inno cent, are regarded as fitting subjects for these experiments, and punished for " attempting to communicate" with each other ; nay more, debtors, whose only crime is poverty, are more harshly treated, and subjected to greater indignities than convicted felons in the olden times. Witness Lei cester and Winchester ! In the former, we find " the dinners of nine county debtors stopped," because one of them had laughed loudly when an officer had just quitted the room, and no one would tell who was the offender. In the latter, we see mere debtors never allowed a morsel of meat from year's end to year's end, not permitted to receive anything, however trifling, from their friends, but kept strictly on the prison allowance, no matter how long their incarceration may be prolonged. And what is that allowance ? We take it from the evidence adduced before the Coroner and a very respectable Jury, at the inquest held on an unfortunate gentleman, who died on Saturday last, in the Queen's Prison, from illness occasioned by the low scale of diet sanctioned at Winchester, and the debility thus brought on an illness from which the kind attention and nu tritious food allowed by the authorities of the Queen's Prison was ina- dequate to restore him. The allowance then was— For breakfast and supper, each day, four oz. of bread, and a pint of gruel (convicted felons are allowed eight oz. of bread at each meal, double that given to the unfortunate debtor), and inr dinner on „ Sundays, Tuesdays, and Fridays four oz. of bread and three oz. of cheese ; Mondays, Wednesdays, and Saturdays, four potatoes and four oz. of bread ; and on Thursdays the ordinary four oz. of bread, and what is called a pint of soup, being made of " the meat boiled for the more fortunate and better-fed felons I " Well might the humane and efficient medical officer of the Queen's Prison (Dr. WALKER) declare that the diet was too low for an able-bodied man. The scale speaks for itself ; and yet to that every person, no matter what his social position or stand ing, was exposed at Winchester. From the moment he was fourteen days in custody, without taking measures for his discharge, through the Insolvent Debtors' Court, be was subjected to these horrible privations, his constitution under mined, and himself slowly murdered, under the alleged authority of the law. Surely these atro cities can no longer be tolerated or sanctioned in a Christian land. Surely Lord PALMERSTON will not allow them to continue in operation in the county in which he resides, and of which he was once the representative ! We have no doubt that an investigation, similar to those that have taken place at Leicester and Birmingham, will be insti tuted into the system in operation at Winchester, and into the other gaols, which have been at the same time Houses of Correction and Debtors' Prisons. The reports from these " dens of ini- (tufty" will be useful in enabling Parliament to legislate efficiently and permanently on the all- important subject. DRURY-LANE THEATRE.—So great was the excitement to witness Mr. Brooke's Othello last night, that a large number of persons, unable to get places in the front of thethe hpoeurfsoer,mreearsdiclyouipd be aidt c h a r u e g e h s t. hillings each for seats up In the s t age -fli es, where only an occasional gl i mpse of NEWMARKET RACES. (THIS DAY.) (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) PRENDERGAST STAKES. Boarding School Miss filly Astolfo SWEEPSTAKES of 10 Sovs., last half of Ab. M F by Ugly Buck Wave . 2 Four ran. HANDICAP, Two and Three-yr-oldrs. Pillion .... Grimalkin HANDICAP SWEEPSTAKES. Orinoco.. Ten ran. SWEEPSTAKES. 100 SOVS. Beatrix Remorse.. Three ran. LATEST BETTING. CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 10 to 1 agst Nabob. 12 to 1 agst Orestes. 16 to 1 agst Haco. 20 to 1 agst Invasion. 20 to 1 agst Hatchet. 20 to 1 agst Mistletoe. 25 to 1 agst Bit of Blue. 25 to 1 agst Seahorse. 25 to 1 agst Balrownie. 33 to 1 agst Grey Tommy. 33 to 1 agst Goorkah. RETURN OF THE COURT FROM SCOTLAND. EDINBURGH, THURSDAY EVENING. The Queen left Bahnoral at 8.30 this morning, posted to Banchory, by Ballatter and Abboyner, arrived at Banchory at 11.40, passed through a triumphal arch to the Dee•side Railway terminus, and was conducted to the Royal train by the company's chairman, Captain Bond, and a guard of honour. Her Majesty left for Aberdeen at 12 o'clock. The weather was beautiful. Her Majesty was received at Aberdeen by Sheriffs Davidson and Watson, Mr. Thompson, M.P„ the city authorities, and the deputy chairman of the Aberdeen Railway, and left at 12.45, reaching Stonehaven at 1.15. The Queen left Stonehaven at 1.30, and, passing through Forfar, Perth, and Stirling, arrived here at 6 o'clock. Her Majesty will leave to-morrow morning for Windsor. COURT CIRCULAR. BALMORAL, OCT. 12. Her Majesty walked yesterday morning, attended by the Viscountess Canning, and in the afternoon drove with the Princess Helena. His Royal Highness Prince Albert went out deer- stalking. Sir Charles Wood left town yesterday for his seat, Hickloton•hall, Yorkshire. The Right Hon. Sidney Herbert left town for Ireland yesterday. THE YELLOW FEVER IN BERMUDA. A private letter received at Plymouth, dated Halifax, September 25th, states that, by telegraph from Balti more, they learn that, up to the 18th of September, 60 convicts and as many soldiers had died of yellow fever. Colonel Phillpotts, the Acting Governor, many offi cers in garrison, and'. whole families of the principal people at St. George were swept off. 160 soldiers - were in hospital, and the disease was proceeding speedily and becoming fatal. Medical assistance had been called for, and was being dispatened from Halifax. Colonel Phillpotts is brother of the bishop of this diooese. His family were to have embarked from Eng land on the 22d inst. Captain Hare, the ]Fort-Adjutant (reported as Hare foot), is son of Captain, Hare, of Hoor, near Plymouth. In case of the death. of Major Pailey, who was among the sick, the acting command devolves on Major Byles, also of the 56th, the ()ally remaining field-officer. Excepting Bahama and Grenada, the yellow fever has now attacked ever y isl an d i n the West Indies. Bermuda is distant .800 miles from St. Thomas, the most northerly of tlb;ose islands. Exclusive of the troops and convicts, it; contains 10,000 inhabitants ; the principal town (Hamalton) has nearly 4,000. Ireland, five miles to the north, where the dockyard, naval, and convict establishments are situated, contains 500 troops, and 1,500 - convicts. sit. George, 10 miles east of Hamil ton, has a population of 1,000. Bermuda was visited by yellow fever in 171)6, 1819, and 1843, when it was oxticinci T fatal at Tr , aland, where Colonel Reid caught the infection, and narrowly escaped. BY AA it had not yet reached: that locality. SHIPPING RETURNS. The shipping returns of the Board of Trade for the month ending the sth of September show again .a ge neral increase in the .amount of tonnage employed.. Fo reign vessels continue. to exhibit the largest proportion ate augmentation, not: necessarily, as has been before observed, from their comparatively gaining more fav our, but simply, it may b e assumed, from the scarcity of British ships. Subjoined are the gl meral totals of entries and chmr ances Entered inwards— TONNAGE FOR 'MIS MONTH ENDING SEPT. 5. 1851. 1852. 1853. British ve55e15.................. 499,241 485,861 495,225 United States ve55e15........ 79,875 75,674 102,045 Other countries 794,263 741,710 919,466 The clearances out viards were -1851. 1852. 1853. British vessels United States' vessels.. 84,125 80,302 112,233 Other countries 172,501 188,975 207,702 691,859 735,484 805,583 For the first eight nonths of the year the aggregate of entries and clearances shows an increase of 13 per cent. over the corresponding period of 1852. With regard to th. 43 coasting trade the tonnage en tered inwards was 1, :L49,311 in the month ending Sep tember 5, 1851 ; 1,0 913,980 in 1852 ; and 1,061,433 in 1853. The clearances outward were-1,185,226 in Sep tember, 1851 ; 1,6(36,415 in 1852 ; and 1,133,231 in 1853. The John Soucha,y has arrived from Hobart Town, whence she sailed on. the 24th of May, but the amount of gold she brings has not yet been ascertained. NATIONAL GALLEN Y.—The Earl,;of Onslow has pre sented Mr. Morris M core with the sum of one hundred guineas, as a mark of the sense he entertains of the services rendered by :Mr. Moore to the public and to art, by his uncompromisiiz ig exposure of the proceedings at the National Gallery.. THE NEW DUTIES': ON SERVANTS.—By the new As sessed Taxes Act, n in.sters have to pay from the 10th instant for every ma In servant of the age of eighteen and upwards the annual •duty of 1/. ls., and under that age 10s. 6d. Last year the duty on servants brought to the revenue 209,613/. THE DUCHESS or KENT.—Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, accompanied by Lady Augusta Bruce, Lord James durray, and Sir George and Lady Couper, arrived in Edinburgh on Tuesday evening, from Abergeldie, by - the Scottish Central and Edinburgh and Glasgow Railw. wys. The distinguished party were received at the ten ctinus by Mr. Sheriff Gordon. Her Royal Highness is expected to remain here for a week of ten days.—Scots nan. PRINCE OF Wm,' :E3 YACHT CLUB.—The closing trip of the season will tak e place on Saturday next, when the yachts will rendezv us, at three o'clock, at the Marine Station, Blackwell, and proceed to Erith to dine at the club-house, the Cr own. The annual dinner is to take place on the 9th o f November, the anniversary of the Prince of Wales's I rthday, at the Freemasons' Tavern, when nearly 200 n members are expected to attend, the club, during the la: it two months having made the most extraordinary and r a pid advancement under the auspices of its indefatigable commodore, Mr. Berncastle, and a very excellent staff a.f officers. EXPLOSION IN r fiE ClTY.—Yesterday afternoon a terrific explosion c ►9' gas occurred at 73, Broad-street, City. The basemc .rit and lower flight of stairs were entirely destroyed. J W. Donnadieu, the celebrated French savant, had a prov idential escape. While descending from the atelier of a resident artist he was struck on the bead and shoulders 1 by portions of the flying debris, and the flooring carried fr. )m beneath his feet, without, how ever, causing further n eischief. DESPERATE ASSA IT LT ON HUNGERFORD SUSPENSION BRIDGE.--A corresp. cs adent of the Morning Herald, in a letter to the editor cif that journal complaining of the gross inattention to duty by the police watching Hun gerford-bridge, says : On Tuesday last, about a quar ter past nine o'clocl c at night, I was attacked by two men and seriously in . 1- ured—nay, had I not been tall and powerful I must hay. a been thrown over the bridge, as the ruffians wished t o. do." MARRIAGE IN HIGCEI LIFE.—The two noble houses of De Ros and Wilton were on Wednesday united by the marriage of the old t daughter of the latter with th e heir of the former an. cient family. The ceremony took place at the village ci Lurch of Prestwich-cum-Oldham, in the immediate vicinili uy of Heaton Hall, the seat of the Wilton family, in 7y ancashire. The bride, who has scarcely completed be r twenty-first year, is Lady Eliza beth Grey Egerton, eldest survivi ng d aug ht er o f the Earl and Count ess of Wilton ; and the young nobleman is the Hon. Dudley ( Jlarko Fitzgerald Do Ros, of the Ist Life Guards, onl: son of the 20th Baron De Ros, and recently appoints d Equerry to his Royal Highness Prince Albert. The ceremony was performed by the Hon. and Rev. Ger aid Wellesley, domestic chaplain to the Queen, and the noble and happy pair afterwards de parted to pass the honeymoon at Lord Rokeby's, Bazlo wood Ilouse, Herts., LATEST FOREIGN NEWS. FRANCE. A Council of Ministers was held on Wednesday morning at St. Cloud, before the departure of the Court for Compiegne. The Emperor presided at it. The Emperor and Empress arrived at Compiegne on Wednesday afternoon, at a little before five o'clock. Their Majesties were received at the rail way station by the Prefect of the Oise, accom panied by the Sub-Prefect and the Mayor of Com piegne. A large crowd of persons were assembled, by whom their Majesties were hailed with loud ac clamations. There will be a grand stag-hunt in the forest of Compiegne on the 14th. The Empress will accom pany his Majesty on the occasion. An archery ground is being arranged in the park for the Em press. It will have only one target, and not far from it will be erected a mast twenty metres high for a game something like the old popinjay. A battalion of infantry has arrived at Compiegne to remain during the visit of their Majesties. Twenty-seven French and foreign archbishops and bishops and their cardinals were present on Wednesday at Amiens at the removal of the relics of St. Theodosia. Prince Poniatowski, Minister of Tuscany, pre sented on Tuesday, to the Empress of the French, the young Duke de Casigliano, who is shortly to be married to the eldest daughter of Queen Maria- Christina. Prince Jerome, who has passed part of the fine season at his property of Villegenis, and part at the Chateau of Meudon, has just returned to Paris, and taken up his residence at the Palais Royal. The Emperor has conferred a silver medal.on James Thorpe, captain of an English fishing boat, for having assisted French seamen in distress. A rumour prevailed in Paris lately that Kossuth had come to the capital, and had been seen by, several persons. This report at last assumed such consistency, that the police paid a visit to the house of M. Kif, a rich Hungarian, who is married to a French lady, and searched everywhere for the Hungarian leader, though. without effect. They afterwards became aware that they had been mis informed, and that Kossuth had not quitted London: The language held by all men connected with the Government shows that as far as France is con cerned she will adopt the alternative of war rather than make any further concessions. It is said that preparations on a large scale are in course of being made in anticipation of hostilities, and that a considerable body of troops will be embarked for the East direct from Algeria, and that three points have been already fixed on for the embarkation of the troops, namely, Al giers, Bona, and Mer-el-Kebyr (the port of Oran). Previous to his departure for Compiegne, in a con versation which the Emperor had with a member of the corps diplomatique, on the subject of Eastern affairs, he said, " I leave Paris for the present, al though nothing is changed in the position of the question. Russia must yield, or war is inevitable." To another personage, to whom he expressed his regret that the peace of Europe was about to be broken, he said, " Mais it vaut mieux la guerre avec une alliance que la pair sans alliance." Some sensation has been created in theatrical circles here, by the rejection by the censorship of Alexandre Dumas's new play of La Jeunesse de Louis XIV. It appears that the subject of the play is the marriage at one time projected between Louis XIV. and one of the nieces of Cardinal Mazarin. M. Dumas, in working out this subject, has contrived to make allusions to the impropriety of mesalliances, which was considered as directed against the marriage of Louis Napoleon with Ma dmoiselle de Montijo. It is said that M. .Arsene Houssaye, and the reading committee of the Theatre Francais, who received M. Dumas's piece, have fallen into disgrace, and run some risk of losing their places. There were numerous fluctuations remarked in the price of public securities at the Bourse yester day. The Three per Cents. opened at 72f. 85c., and rose to 72f. 95c., but, on an announcement that the Bank of England had raised its rate of discount to 5 per cent., they fell to 72f. 50c., and closed at 72f. 60c. for the end of the month. The Four-and-a-Half per Cents. closed at 99f. 30c. ; Orleans Railway shares, 1,152 f. 50c. ; Rouen, 1,012 f. 50c. ; Havre, 485 f. ; Great Northern, 830 f. ; Paris and Strasburg, 905 f.; Paris and Lyons, 8951.; Lyons to the Mediterranean, 727 f. 50c. ; Western of France, 695 f. ; Bordeaux and Cette, 590 f. ; Great Central, 520 f. ' • Lyons and Geneva, 505 f ; Shares of the Bank of Credit Mobilier, 707 f. 500. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. The subjoined important intelligence reached Trieste on the 12th, and was telegraphed to Paris yesterday. The declaration of war had boon published in an Imperial manifesto. A new levy of 150,000 troops had been decreed. The remainder of the Russian functionaries re maining in Turkey were about to leave the country. The declaration of war leaves the navigation of the Danube and of the Black Sea open to vessels sailing under neutral flags. Orders were immediately forwarded to Omer Pacha at Schulma, to summon Prince Gortschakoff to retire from the Principalities within a fortnight, and, in case of non-compliance, to commence hos tilities forthwith. The courier, conveying the text of the manifesto, was expected to reach Vienna on the 13th. The American Consul at Smyrna had opposed the forcible conveyance of Kossta to America. Another telegraphic message confirms the intel ligence received yesterday that Prince Menschikoff le charged with the Administration of the Danubian principalities, and that Prince Paskievitch is no minated Commander-in-Chief of the Russian army on the Danube. _ According to the last accounts from the Danube, large masses of Russian troops were marching up the river. Tho situation of the Christians who inhabit the Turkish towns is represented as becoming daily more critical; the Albanians stationed at Rustjuck, who talk with great ardour of a war against the Russians, are suspected of contemplating pillage. All accounts from Constantinople agree that the call for war is unanimous in every part of Turkey, and, though the Sultan is popular with his subjects, yet it would be as much as his crown were worth to attempt thwarting public feeling. These letters also speak of the number of English officers, most, if not all, belonging to the Indian service, who are now in Turkey, and constantly on the move from Varna to Shumla, and other parts of Turkey where there are strong military encampments, or to the head-quarters of the general officers. Some officers of artillery in the same service have, within the Last few days, passed through Paris on their way to Constantinople, and have obtained letters of introduction to the Grand Master of the Artillery and other functionaries. Several of these gentle men have, it is said, obtained leave of absence, and should there occur anything worth seeing, or shar ing in, there is very little doubt that they will be among the first on the spot. The Wanderer of the 10th says :—" The news from .all quarters sounds very warlike. Few hopes of peace are expressed in the reports wo receive, but fortunately these hopes, though few, are strong ; they are'founded on the continuation of the confer ences, the disposition of Russia to negotiate, and the improbability of an immediate beginning of hostilities. To all appearance we shall only have reports of skirmishes on the borders of the Danube for the next few weeks, by the side of which diplo matic negotiations will still maintain the fore ground." The Czar has taken another step of consequence relative to the Baltic shipping. He has just per permitted the importation into any Finnish town all materials for the equipment of vessels, free of all duty. This privilege is to remain in force for five years. A letter from Bucharest of the 30th ult., in the Brestma Gazette, says On the 2d of October the inspections will be terminated, and on the 3d the Meit;ropolitan will give his blessing to the flags and the troops. On the Gth or the 7th an attack of the Tusks on the left bank of the Danube is ex pected. The materials of a Russian printing-office Sind four presses have just arrived here. The mfr litary hospitals have been evacuated, and the sick have been removed to Bouzeo and Fochshan. In addition to the hospitals thus emptied, the occu pants of six large houses have been compelled to quit them, and ti'AvY have been prepared for the re ception of sick parsons. These measures p ro ve that we must prepare t o receive lar g e masses of troops." A letter from Berl in of the 9th says :—cc The Emperor of Russia left last evening for St. Peters burg. In the meriting, after having attended divine service, his Majesty went to the pa ra d e ground of the first regiment of guards. After giv ing another private audience to Baron de Manteuf fel, he paid a visit to the Prince of Prussia at his palace of Babertsberg. At 5 o'clock the Emperor dined with the King, and afterwards came here from Potsdam with the whole of the Royal family and the foreign Princes. At 9 o'clock, his Ma jesty sot off for St. Petersburg." AUSI'EIA. The New Prussian Gazette states that the Empe ror of Russia has sent Prince Metternich his full -1 ength portrait, with an autograph letter. " Existing circumstances," says the Germaft Journal of Frankfort, "do not permit the Austrian Government to realise its project of reducing the effective of the infantry. Contrary orders have been given by the Minister of War at Vienna." The Oest. Correspondenz gives a detailed account of the liberation and return of the Hungarian Martin Kossta from Smyrna to America. The semi-official org an is at great pains to s h ow that the Austrian G overnment has not come off second best in this matter, but such is evidently the case. The hope is indirectly expressed, that the Washington Government will offer some kind of apology for the conduct of Captain Ingraham. The misunderstanding between the Sardinian and Imperial Governments is greater than ever, and Count Appony has returned to Vienna from Turin with leave of absence for an indefinite period. Austria demands the surrender of 43 of her sub jects, who, after having been concerned in the in surrection of February 6th at Milan, fled to Pied mont, but to this claim Piedmont turns a deaf ear. The relations between Switzerland and this country are exactly what they were three months ago. ITALY. Lord Minto passed through Turin on the Bth, on his way to Florence, where he intends passing the winter. The Supreme Court of Cassation at Florence has, by a decree of the 3d, quashed the sentence of the Royal Court of Florence, declaring Mini, Mariani, and others guilty of the crime of high. treason. The case has been referred to the Royal Court of Lucca. Letters from Milan of the sth, in the Opinione of Turin, state that several persons from Switzer land have been arrested in the Tyrol. A great many political prisoners have been sent to Verona from different parts of Lombardy and Venice. Accounts from Lombardy and Piedmont an nounce a considerable increase in the price of bread. According to the Oest. Deutsche P os t th e F renc h garrison at Rome has not only been very consider ably strengthened but other troops are expected. SPAIN. The Gaceta publishes a decree of the Bth, sup pressing the Consulting Commission of theatres, established by a decree of the 28th of July, 1852. The Espana states that MM. Pachecho and Rios- Rosas have not thought proper to accept the judicial functions at the Supreme Court of Justice, offered to them by the Government. On the 7th Queen Isabella presided over the Council of Ministers, and gave her approbation to all the measures laid before her. A Madrid letter of the Bth states that the Marquis de Molins, Minister of Marine, has given orders for the construction of three screw-frigates in the ports of Ferrol and Corunna. The small-pox has broken out at Madrid with great virulence. Marshal Narvaez was expected at Madrid in the beginning of November. Instead of proceeding to Loja, as he first intended, th e M ars h a l will await in the capital the opening of the Cortes. The Three per Cents, were done at 42k • the New Three per Ce n t s ., a t 22k ; th e d e b t of the first class, at 9/ , ; and that of the second, at 5 1-16th. BELGIUM. The garrison of Mons has been raised to 9,000 men, which causes some uneasiness in Belgium. GERMANY, Mr. Crampton, who, with Sir Charles Fox, has undertaken to supply Berlin with filtered running water, had the honour of being in private audience by the King at San Souci, to present a letter pray ing his Majesty to appoint a day for the laying of the first stone of these most beneficial works, and soliciting him to honour the ceremony with his royal presence. Our enterprising countryman was most graciously received, and his requests most courteously accorded. The ceremony will there fore take place next week. THE WEST INDIES. SOUTHAMPTON, Tam DAY. The Royal Mail steam-ship La Plata, Captain Wells, has arrived off this port with West India and Pacific mails. Her dates are, Honduras, 18th ; Chagres, 23d ; Jamaica, 26th ; Demerara, 25th ; and St. Thomas's, the 30th ult. She brings 41 passengers, and on freight specie value 85,0001., b es id es 100 bars of silver, value unknowitt This packet brings little news of interest. The yellow fever was still raging at Bermuda, but subsiding in Jamaica ; St. Thomas's healthy. In Jamaica the.position of affairs was unaltered/ and the arrival of Governor Barkly looked forward to with the utmost anxiety. Rain continued to fall copiously throughout the island. The markets were inadequately supplied with fish, and breadstuffs had risen. Exchange on Lon don, 30 days, 2 per cent. premium. St. Lucia was free from epidemic disease, and generally the weather in the islands was season able, although exceedingly sultry. RUSSIA, AUSTRIA, AND ITALY. (From a Correspondent of the Morning Post.) NAPLES, OCT. 4.—News has just arrived in Naples, via Malta, of the commencement of hos tilities in the Danubian Provinces ; but no details are given. If correct, you will have received better information than I can afford ; for, strange as it may appear, our Malt a news f rom the East is generally old and incorrect. I am, however, in possession of information, from sources hitherto infallible, on the future policy of Russia, which is interesting. It was never intended (says my informant) that Austria should take up any really hostile at titude with regard to Russia ; and it was perfectly understood at St. Petersburg that the Cabinet of Vienna would withdraw precisely when it could no longer influence the Western Powers and for ward the views of the Czar. The armies of Rus sia and Austria are now to unite and permanently occupy the Danubian Provinces. The Northern Powers calculate on being able to beat the Turks, on whom, however, they do not intend to advance, but rather wait to receive. The great object of the Northern Powers is to confine the war—if they come to blows—as much as possible to a frontier fight for the present. The Czar, lam assured, is highly satisfied with the success of his diplomacy, and considers he has ga i ned many points by the hesitating policy of France and Eng land. He had calculated that the combined fleets would have gone on to Constantinople much sooner, before he could have completed his army arrangements for the winter. So far, then, the Czar thinks ho has traded on the credulity of Lord Aberdeen with some favourabl e results, assisted by two powerful journals —o ne in London, and the other in Paris. Meanwhile Russian intrigue is hard at work, both iu Constantinople and P ar i s ; but, it is stated, hitherto, without the least success in the latter city. The Emperor. hold s on Irto f his English alliance ; but in the Cit y o f the Crescent much has been accomplished for the future. There are two evils which darken the Russo- Austrian plot—Hungary and Italy. Austria cal culates that, with the aid of th e N eapolitan army, she can keep the Peninsula quiet, unless th e F renc h move out of Rome ; whilst Russia engages to look after Kossuth's friends. Austria, it will be re membered, possesses Tuscany, and p ar t of the Roman States, and the King of Naple s cou l d spare 30,000 men and a steam-fleet, if necessary, a t any moment, for foreign service. If France were to move in Italy, it could only be in the cause of the people ; and will she dare to do so, it is argued, whilst despotic at home ? Such Were the subjects lately discussed by the boy-Emperor and the crafty Czar, whose plans of action are now complete, as far as anticipated events will admit. As I have before pointed out, the advance of Russia involves every political European interest. The state of Germany and Italy is such as demands a closer and more op en l y pronounced army league with Russia. If bayonet Governments are to con tinue, it can only be by uniting in one huge force the armed hosts of Russia, Austria, and the smaller States, the sovereigns of which, since 1848, have lost all independence by quarrelling with their people, and sustaining themselves with a foreign soldiery. Russia, therefore, must advance and be ever ready to assist her allies, for which she will some day d eman d p aymen t as w ith Austria at the present moment. The vital question is narrowing daily—Shall the world again witness civilisation retarded by the strong arm of barbarism ? TROOPS FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN.—TI IO Limerick Chronicle states that the regiments expecting to embark for the purpose of augmenting our forces in the islands of the Mediterranean, are-9th, at present at Clonmel ; 14th, Limerick ; 17th, Dublin ; 39th, Cork ; 89th Cork ; 62d, Kilkenny. These being sent from Ireland, will not be replaced by regiments from England, as forty two country detachments have been withdrawn in Ire land the last six month. Leaves of absence have been decisively refused to many officers attached to the depots of such of those regiments as form part of the Irish esta blishment. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.—A movement is being made, and memorials to the Postmaster-General are being presented by the towns in the West of England, with the view of having letters and newspapers trans mitted by the express instead of by the mail trains, and considerably accelerate delivery. A