The Sun. — London, England, 1822-12-23 00:00:00

FOKEIGN INTELLIGENCE. gvini.4lle• journal des-Deqats:l • PARIS, IRC.l:9:—Another -panic has alarmed the Exchange,- and no one can assign its true -cause! According •to . some, ,it was the violent' -death of Vl6'Siittan Mahtnoud, a general revolu-, tion in T3ssl Y,..;4)*luarch of the Russians on Constantinople, the .possibility4f serious differ ences between Austria and:Russia, and finally a war in the East. They found these . reports on an unquestionable , fact: they speak also of the operatiotii Of a great banking-house, connected with Austria., operations which seem to an nounce the ' expectation of great changes in the East. Why, it'is asked, does Austria make a New ,. :Loan?, We `know no reason, in fact, unless if 'be the repayment of the, sum due to 'England. : since '1706, and of which the English Minister, , at theend of the. last Session of Parlia ment, annOnn - ced that he.would endeavour to ob tain the:. ; ` restitution of at least a portion. But we confess that this reclamation, on the part of 'England, conl4-'-nefvei -- te . regarded by us as in earnest, SQ - long as the politics of England and Austria have .the sarneldiredion. The new loan of Austria presents. to us only a simple opera tion of oir4eralikeconomY ;for e xchanging the old burti4tA fun dsmmi debt for new - raiSed_on more 4•lavourable.terrns . ,,:The fall of the - Austrian metallici may hi : ilea he merely' -of the losses' suffered by the speculators OrLOUdOn'and Paris. Other4Olfticians of the Exchange look nearer home .for a shhi6lt Ofa.larm.:Postilities, according to them, have commenced. on the Pyrenean fron tier : 'the - French 'territory violated--a bloody battle:-with and --, one of our Ge neralS:struck by atveoemy's ball. .Here, without doubt,. is something better than the revolutions of the Seraglio, and the strangling and decapita tion of `Sultans. To all these fine stories there is nothing-. wanting bnt 'truth. Therefore they are treated by men of sense with just disdain, and the. sudden fall of the Funds ceased as rapidly as it..had commenced. These manoeuvres of the Exchange, fatal to the greedy and credulous herd of speculators without expe rience., :could not be brought to act with so much facility, if the public at large would renounce all pretensions to fathom the depths of political mys teries; and. tease to_risk their fortunes upon sales and purchases founded on idle rumours.—How can any Man, witltthe least judgment, believe the 'European Powers disposed to commence in the west: a. war, trot-merely without necessity, hut without, any fixed,end or possible utility ? But if, notwithstanding the wisdom of the king's Go vernment—notwithstanding the pacific views of the Hojy-Alliance--this war must break .out, at least the' rigour of the season on which we are entering must retard the commencement of hostilities. What rational cause, then, can exist for the present inqnletudes ?—But the spectacle of these alarms, which the-mere report of war produced, must penetrate'all' statesmen with the conviction that - the maintenance of peace at the present moment is the first duty to society. The idea of peace associates with those of order and legitimacy ; that of war awakens constantly the fear of sub version, and of revolutions." A commercial express . arrived yesterday from Madrid. Ile left that Capital on the 10th, at which period all was 'quiet.—(lbid.) BRUSSELS; DEC. 17.—Last night, or rather at half-past one - ih the morning, a fire broke out in the chateau of the Prince] of Orange, at Tervearen. The cause of this is not knovin. Happily it was discovered in time, and immediate astistance being given, the fire was extinguished by two o'clock, without having done any other mischief than destroying some part of the small staircase near the dressing room. A young man named Cuignet, aged 26, a farmer in West Flanders, who had assassinated his mother, was executed at Lill .on the-14th inst. He was led to the scaffold bare footed, hiajfead enveloped in a black veil, and his right hand was cut off before he was beheaded. This unhappy :criminal dis played the . Most ferocious stupidity. • The Central Prison at Ghent, which the illuttrious Howard ,in - his work on Prisons speaks of as a model, and of which -otily five-eighths were'finished, is to be completed by order of the"GoVernment in the course of next year. SECOND CHAMBER OF THE STATES GENERAL. DECEMBER 19. The Project of Law on the Duty upon Flour and Cattle wa s discussed and carried by 72 votes to 27. . , kIIANKFOBT, DEC. 15.—The Allgemeine Zeitung contra• diets the report of the departure of the eldest son of the Hospo, .dar of Wallachia for Constantiople. The last letters from Ancona say, that Count Metaxa and the other Deputies of the Greek Senate were still in quarantine :itithat port ; the news that the Pope had abridged the term of quarantine seems, thgrefore, to be ill:founded: SPAIN. . BAYONKE, D,Ec. 11.—We have received trews that General TorrijoS drOVe on the 13th the army of General • O''DotiflitlfroM Lombiere, and occupied that town, which was the only support of the Defenders Of the Faikin those moun taips« .Ii is 'added, that as.soon . as O'Donnell perceived his ad versary's preparations.to attack; he divided his troops into seve x4lGtierillas ,Torrijos has prolonged the Amnesty to the 20th of thistnontli. , - It is not known whether he has had any action since the 10th, hut' there is no doubt that the measures taken:by O'Donnell will throw grat difficulties in the way of the Con stitutionalists in their endeavours to testore tranquillity in Na varre, as they hopped they should do. News from Saragossa, of the 3d, says, that Mina has made a retrogade movement to , wards Urgel. _ _ DEC. 14.—1 t is asserted that a part of the Junta of Urgel, which has arrived at Toulouse, will come to this city to resume its functions in the frontier provinces; but this seems very doubtful. It is not true that there has been any engagements between the troops of Torrijos and those of O'Donnell, though we saw some fugitives arrive here yesterday, and the;day before. The occupation of Lombiere by the former is confirmed, which placed , the General of the Faith in a critical situation, and obliged him to divide his troops in many parties ; the more so, • as Torrijos threatened to make a movement on Roncal : how ever, we do not know where those poor wretches will retire, •• when the Constitutional General has occupied the passages of the Ebro, and placed respectable garrisons at Tudela, &c. It is certain that O'Donnell's men begin to desert, And we learn that great numbers of young, men have appeared to take ad vantage of the prolonged amnesty ; and the Communes, tired of the excesses of the Defenders of the Faith, appear inclined to favour the constitutional Army. The Madrid mail has ar rived without delay, which shews that the roads are clear. TOR THE SUN. CONGRESS 'OF VERONA. MR. EDIT6R—The Congress of Verona has now broken, up. Sovereigns and Prime Minis ters, and S,tatesmen..of every description had as sembled from various parts, of Europe ; they have separated, and we ask what' was the object of their meeting ? "Of what advantage are its deci sions likely to prove to the peace and welfare of the world ? To give a satisfactory answer to either of these questions, however natural and simple they may be, is a matter of no trifling diffi culty. When we reflected upon the present poli tical state of Europe, and took into consideration the avowed object of the Holy Alliance, we na turally supposed that the Congress met with no other intention than that of enforcing the prin ciples of this singular and anomalous Associa tion. Formed for the avowed purpose of sup porting the ilea of Sovereigns to govern as they may think fit, and to oppose all attempts the peo ple may make tO'better their condition, it seemed probable that its leading Members assembled in solemn Congress at Verona, would proclaim their intention of arming themselves in the cause of legitimate authority, and declare against both the constitutional Spaniards and Portuguese, and the not less reprehensible, llellinists. Con sistency, however, can scarcely be looked for in the decisions and proceedings of an Association, not only uncertain in its nature, but of which the Members have political interests that are almost in diametrical opposition. It is indeed true, that it has been the avowed object of the late Con gresses and Treaties• to restore that equilibrium of power which was formerly considered as the only secure basis of permanent• peace, and for the preservation of which torrents of blood have been shed ; but experience proves, likewise, that this system, however captivating in theory, can scarcely ever be reduced to practice. The plains of Europe may be deluged with human gore, the bones of thousands of human beings may bleach upon the ensanguined fields, still some Monarch or another will exert a preponde rating influence over the rest of the Continent.— No treaties can restrain the mad desires of am bition ; and it' seems that the example of the past seldom proves of any use either to the pre sent or to future generations. Such has been the secrecy of the deliberations at Verona, that the final determinations of the Congress are only matters of conjecture. The threatning attitude assumed by France, and the obvious policy of Russia, sanction, however, the report that the former Power has permission to attack the Spanish Constitutionalists, and the lat ter to assist the insurgent Greeks! This being the case, it is allowable to consider the questions as decided, and to argue upon the effect such a de cision may have upon the tranquillity of Europe. That the feelings of the Cabinet of the Tuileries are hostile to the proceedings of the Cortes of Spain, is fully proved by the refuge afforded in France to the disaffected, and still more by its military preparations, and by the sentiments pub licly avowed in the Ministerial Journals of . France. Connected with the Spanish Monarch by the ties of blood, it is natural that the Bour bons of France should feel anxious to save their kinsman from the dreadful fate of Louts XVI. The Revolution of Spain has not, however, been marked by all the unjustifiable outrages which disgraced that of France ; nor have the Cortes displayed the ferocious and sanguinary feelings which precided over the proceedings of the Na tional Convention. They have only manifested a firm determination to accomplish the arduous task which they have undertaken, and all their operations have been marked by no less cou rage than courtecy. They do not wish to inter fere with other Governments, they wish only to new model their own. The Constitution they . . have framed may not be the very best ;- but will foreign interference render it better ? If the King be rgally well disposed, and is sincere in his sanction or the changes that have taken place, he has not the least cause for fear. Upon what plea then will France now interfere with the govern ment of Spain ? What good excuse can she give for an attack upon the Spanish Nation ? The King, it is true, is kept under some restraint ; but no personal violence has been offered to him, and when we consider how many partizans the ancient Government still possesses, can we blame the Cortes for taking every possible precaution to avoid the miseries of a civil war ? Before a wise Government ventures to un sheathe the sword, it should undoubtedly weigh well, first, the probable issue of the contest abroad, and, secondly, what effect the measure may. have at home. A want of unanimity in a Nation has been generally considered as fa uourable to an invasion of its territory. Events - that can scarcely be obliterated from the me mory prove, neverthgless, that this maxim, ever plausible - it may appear in tbeOry, is not al ways found successful in the , practice. Every one that has attentively studied the progress of the French Revolution must know that it was the inva sion of France by the Allies in 17942 that consolidat ed the Revolutionary Government, and eventually led the unfortunate LOUIS XVI. to the scaffold. Nay, aroused by this attack of foreigners, the whole population flew to arms, and, not content with repelling the invaders, a spirit of military enthusiasm was kindled, which threatened for a while to bend the whole of Europe beneath the yoke of France. During several years, Spain had been the pliant tool of France, and both her naval and her military resources were placed at the disposal of BUONAPAILTE. His ambition was not, however, satisfied. His armies invaded Spain ; but Spain proved the grave of many of his best troops, and this unjust aggressioti con tributed in no small degree to his final fall. The loss which the French Armies sustained, and all the countless miseries attendant upon a Guerilla mode of warfare cannot be forgotten by the soldiers, and should be recollected by the Go vernment. Those recollections must act upon the mind of the French people, and the uncer tainty of final success must 'render such a war still more unpopular. However degraded a na tion may appear, it must still possess some latent and spark of virtue which awaits only a favour able instant to burst forth with surprizing vio lence. ;Spain appeared sunk low indeed in the scale of European nations, when the dormant energy and patriotism of its inhabitants were aroused by the attempts of a foreign power to subvert their national independence. Though the partizans of the old regime may be still numerous, they are almost as nothing compared with the friends of the Constitution ; and any attack on the part of France, now, would not be considered as directed against the latter party, but against the nation, and this con sideration would give it a national character which must increase the difficulty of success on the part. of the invaders. Spain, indeed, may be considered as a country that can be more easily defended than attacked : whence it is rational to conclude that the war would be attended with difficulties, and might possibly terminate in the discomfiture and disgrace of the aggressors. In the present state of popular feeling in France, nothing could prove more injurious to the cause of the Bourbons than an unsuccessful war. Hence must they pause ere they determine to adopt so important, or even dangerous, a measure. The present French Ministry has proved singularly fortunate. All its measures, in the late session, were carried by triumphant majorities ; and most of the late elections have terminated in favour of the Royalists, to the exclusion of the Libe rals. Could such elections be considered as really indicative of the national feeling, it might be con cluded that the cause of the Bourbons is daily gaining ground. But if we bear in mind the power of Ministerial influence, we are compelled to admit that these event's are far from conclusive. There is, and there must be, a large party in France decidedly hostile to the Bourbons.— They have for their enemies not only the rem nants of the Jacobin and of the Republican fac tions, but also another, and perhaps a more dan gerous party, the Buonapartists, who would wil lingly recover their influence and power by placing the son of their late Emperor upon the throne. This party is the most dangerous, not only from its numbers, but from the possibility of its being countenanced by the most' Machia velic Cabinet in Europe. To these parties must be added one no less numerous, which com prises the friends of the present Constitution, whom I consider as more attached to the Charter than to the reigning Family. A war, by neces sitating the formation of armies, might prove ser viceable to the Buonapartists ; its disastroustermi nation might be favourable to the wishes OY the Jacobins, whilst its successful termination would probaby awaken the fears of the Constitutional ists. If the French army cheerfully consent to restore to FERDINAND the absolute power he once possessed, might it not be dreaded that the Spanish forces would one day assist the Bourbons to recover the authority which their ancestors formerly enjoyed. This simple and natural re flection will no doubt be made, and will have no inconsiderable weight with those persons who may not feel disposed to believe that the mem bers of the present reigning family have the same reverence for the Constitutional Charter. In such a situation it is assuredly incumbent upon the French Ministry to pause ere they adopt a line of conduct pregnant with so much danger to to the existing Government. The Throne of the Bourbons is at best insecure ; let them beware how they bring their fate to a crisis, by plunging rashly into a war which must be necessarily un popular. Having already occupied too much room in your valuable Paper, I will postpone to a future day the remaining observations I have to make upon the present state of political affairs. Midhurst. A. P. FOR THE SUN. TAE BISHOP OF PETERBOROUGH'S EXAMINA TION QUESTIONS. " ( Concluded from Saturday's Su.x) That in the conscientious discharge of his duty, the Bishop has' excited c‘ sensations of anger in many," more especially in the breasts of those who are suffering under his just sentence, or of the party to whom they belong, is very natural to suppose ; and, indeed, he knows it by experi ence, from those sensations bursting forth in the most insolent pamphlets, of which he complains, and the Council go along with him in the com plaint, that more abusive pamphlets have never been written than those which have been written by Clergymen against these questions. But we cannot agree with that Council, that he has ex cited " apprehensions in most people ;" however little approbation he may have met with in the whole range of their most varied and extensive circle. "It is chiefly," as he says, " the voice of faction which has been raised against these questions ; and in the outcry, Episcopal authority has been treated with insolence, and ecclesiasti cal discipline has been set at nought." Such, men are glad of every opportunity to raise a hue and cry against the constituted authorities ; and, to gratify their rage and indignation, have heaped upon his sacred character such epithets as would degrade the meanest and lowest even of their own faction, merely because he stands forth to perform his duty, as he is bound by the Canons of his Church. But, so 'far from exciting the " ap prehensions of most people," the majority, I am persuaded, of those who have ever read these pamphlets, only feel disgust at their authors, and . the justice of the Bishop's resolution against a. party that could be provoked by any conduct to make use of expressions' so diametrically oppo site to the Ministry into which they would enter, and to the Christian principles which they profess to hold in their greatest purit,y. All this envy, hatred, and malice, is, however, imputed, by this friend and adviser of the Bishop, to him alone, who, " without necessity, provokes to strife, and without cause, becomes a stumbling block to them that are weak !"—A noble Counsel truly for the defendant, to plead the cause of the plaintiff, and to prove his own client guilty of the very abuse which the conscientious discharge of nothing more than his duty has brought upon him from the other. But there is no cause, no necessity, for this duty in the present times ! This Bishop, thank GOD, with as much zeal, and far more knowledge, looks with other eyes into . the spirit of the times; and there he sees, with some of his venerable colleagues, especially the Bishop of Meath,a numerous class of "Teachers gaining proselytes from the Established Church, while they profess to preach her articles of faith, and pervert them as they pervert the Scriptures, and deduce from them doctrines which the pious and learned compilers of them, and all their most distinguished successors, have uniformly con demned as unknown to the Gospel." Ile has thought it therefore high time to open his eyes to the machinations of these men; and besides these questions, in the outset, laid down such an excellent plan in his diocese, by the division of labour in the different districts, so as to render the task at' once easy and effective, of each of his ministers to ful fil his zealous wishes in the cause of the Church in general ; more particularly to guard all who are committed to their charge from the seductive influence of these ' wolves in sheep's clothing,' who pretend only to be in battle array against infidelity on the one hand, and the Church of Rome on the other, but who are in reality ene mies, and more dangerous for their treacherous disguise of friendship, seeking whom they may devour in the Church of Gots. Instead, there fore, of contentinghimself with a mere subscription to the articles on what these men call a literal sense, this Bishop directs hiS attack where he be bolt's the danger, and will not yield to any diversion of is zeal and activity from the main object of his spiritual campaign. Ile is placed at the head, or on a high hill, the sirsTr_oric . , which he trans lates in the spirit, as one appointed in his ele vated station on purpose to look over and watch the interests of the Church, and the opinions of the different candidates and ministers in his dio cese ; and not, as they would take it in the letter, to overlook all that come before him, and to be so bound up in the literal sense of the Articles, as to be quite satisfied with the mere assent and formal subscription to them. Those articles themselves were drawn up to be at once a concise and comprehensive formulary of the doctrines which were scattered in different parts of the Bible. They ,were not formed all at once; but, like the laws of this country, arose as they were called for by the occasion, by the sects that sprung up in the Church and out of the Church, all professing to appeal to this one book as their sole standard of authority. And now that these articles themselves, which were to avoid diversity of opinion, are made the subject of dispute, where is the inconsistency, either with their letter or their spirit, in a Bishop, using his sacred right to put these, or any other such questions as lie may think necessary, to discern the spirits of them that come before him ? How, indeed, can he be said to perform his duty, if he does not enter upon such an exarninatiou as may bring to light any serious difference which pre vails among subscribers to the same articles, in tenets which men equally conscientious profess to deduce from them, but which he who is the ap pointed judge. thinks to be perfectly at variance with either their letter or their spirit, or perhaps with both ? There is nothing in the Royal De claration to make him " merge certain differences of opinion, much less to attempt to reconcile two such opposite disciples as those of Calvin and Arminius." The Church he believes to be nei ther Calvinistic nor Arminian ; but, like truth, stands firm between the two extremes in which the Sects fluctuate, some more, some less, from the spirit of the first founder. Nor is it at all a " novel practice, to reject all the good men who would co-operate in the work of the Ministry, because they lean to the tenets of Calvin or Ar minius." As long as the candidates appear to him to be the followers of either, or what are called Evangelicals, (following, a gospel of their own, or, as they were called in old limes, . 44 Gos- - pellers,": because, searching far deeper than others, into the councils of God, they follow any other gospel than that of the Evangelists,) it would be a violation of the du.; y which he owes to the Establishment, whatever may be their moral character, to admit them into the Church. " What l"exclaims an animated writer in defence of the Bishop, 44 are we to set the gates of our national, Church wide open, and let all enter that will, upon . a mere subscription to the Articles, with an implied reservation, that the interpreta tion thereof may be considered entirely within their own breasts ? Surely this can never be look ed upon as a qualification for the ministry on the one part, or an adequate. discharge of prelatical duty on the other." If such presumption is to be encouraged, the candidate may next turn round and examine the Bishop ; and is future, we must take the sense of our articles from those who are just on the threshold, and not from those who are in the Holy of Holies. Ilow contrary this to the constant and established custom of our ancestors, —pious and sober men, who really thought the head was to govern the body, and not the body the head. They have therefore appointed, by express Canons, the Bishop to examine, whether for Holy Orders or for C . nracies; and, as he ean . but examine in his own sense, have wisely left it entirely to his discre tion. That there may not be diversity of opi nion in preaching upon the same articles, and that they who subscribe to them may agree, not ,only in form, but in spirit—in reality, and ..not- in name only, he whose right and office 'it' i's, to whom his diocese look up as their model and arbiter, puts forth these questions to the . candidate, that he may sift his principles, and not merely listen to the sound of his voice, or only read the subscription of his hands but that he may know of a truth what it is his duty to know, whether he is qualified or not, by his " sound doctrine," for preaching upon topics which are of such infinite importance to all that are to hear him and take his word for gospel for the remainder of his life. CANONICUS. PRICE 0 F STOCKS ONE 0-CLOCK. THIS DAY AT Bank Stock 244 3 per Cent. Red. 714 79 3 per Cent. Cons. shut 3i per Cent 9li I per Cent. { Old 96 497 New shut 5 t )er Cents. 1797 Bank Lg. Ann 20 1-16th Imp. 3 per Cents. India Stock India Bonds 335. South Sea Stock Old Annuities Ex. Bills 2 6 pr! l)itto Small Bank for Act. India for Con. Acct. Cons. for Account 79i 8O PRICE OF FOREIGN STOCKS IN LONDON, Dxc. 23. AT ONE O'CLOCK. Five per Cents. 871. Six per Cents. 00. Russian Five per Cents. (Metallic) 00. Ditto New 83. Neapolitan I Five per Cent. Bonds, 76i. Scrip, 77. Austrian Five per Cents. (Metallic) 00. Five per Cent. Bonds, 63. Spanish New Ditto, 54. Scrip, 10i disc. 1 Five per Cent. Bonds, 851. Ditto New, 86. Five per Cent. Bonds, 91. 73. /Old Bonds, 00. Colombian Six per Cent. Bonds, 69. Ditto Scrip, 00. Peruvian New Loan, 78. Bank Shares £2l 10s. American Six per Cent. 92-98. Five per Cent. 963. Three per Cent. 703. French Prussian Danish Chili HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW Morning, 24 minutes after 9. 1 Evening, 48 minutes after 9• THE SUN. SULEM QUIS DICERE FALSUM AUDE4T LONDON, MONDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1822. [rnom A CORRESPONDENT.] STOCK EXCHANGE, Huff-past Twelve o'Clock.- - ' Consols opened this morning at 79+ 8, and rose to 80, in consequence of two Expresses froth Paris, bringing the French Funds at 88f. 30c 1 at which price they left oft on Saturday afternoon , The fluctuations on the above day were 88f. 50c 88f. 20c., Neapolitan 77, New Spanish 561-:" We are informed that the French Papers do net contain any information of consequence. ConsoliS, also improved this morning an account of the arrival of the Duke of WELLINGTON in the course of last night ; his return is taken as a good moll to the well-wishers of peace. Consols up to thiA hour are SO to 11,-. FOREIGN MARKET. New Spanish Bonds opened at 53, and got up to 54, with much bug' ness doing. The Foreign News is without interest or ire portance. Our Readers w ill see that we PI right to caution them against the alarming re' mours of Saturday. They appear to have been entirely without foundation ; and their, prevP lence at Paris, before they reached this countrit is treated by the Journal des Dt'thats as perfectly ridiculous. The question of Peace or War be' tween France and Spain, therefore, remains 14 the old state of incertitude. It has been allege ° that Great Britain has signified to all thePovie ri of Europe, that in the event of an attack upo n Spain, she will. preserve a conditional neuts lity ;—that if the conflict be solely maintain by the French and Spaniards, she will not thit ij ‘ it necessary to interfere ; but that if the slighte s t . assistance be given to France by any of t il j Continental Powers, she will feel herself bon°, to protect her Allies in the Peninsula. We fe do convinced that this is enough for England to 13' 14ta ke. If r f , •, : I ke a n d . S , p il sions of • VU r a lye pei Cen 'lank Stock Spanish Bon any laid fro m an 2 ►►ew Br "‘Y motley Irri ved here White, of !fie letter i nted, and ' l the Unitei r l'hiladelphit The folioN Le Sunday i 4 , 111 1 --I have Notices to Col 1 a, Lincol Lord newspape the traffi Politics! his Lords derstand, -)le Jot ?rietors,' In fact, for, his enntroul Was to thought leis own Was to Vas to a rnunerati Night tli it appet Partner contrary Propriei A let' theatre act of scandil( The 314 formed with a persons 1 4g to t cockade his hat, hind th 4 even fr the sp4 COmmel BURY ; kris seal On lived Royal with hi see the It is of the sador's o'clock house, Ladysl Ment. Satu memor in We ing at his ass late N The and p the Co one w: Con ti n We TI on Thui him of Th( - sehted lodies, the lai We