The Sun. — London, England, 1801-10-30 00:00:00

and adep t People mai t House, 00 ',Lidress Wa ordered v easure witl dress: SnOtlia tO, ta K. B. a LiJ g t uriAer his notice, t43`. Lords!lips and the Of and. totter-yokel ,Toble use- to Si '4 D. the Cy_4.4 s. e L 561 to ricer- the Lsk,N G 1.1,304 journey ti R,& signifie d , iccompan a je d etied to:EV I afters. .e effeaAllf 5 according ad from thl Impres4 ( , Hou;ei ration that idered „ b ry teas °"' c o n t of P e° c o, 'ountry , SV ' re , y sunl, to e s ,/ p,sent S ;I re . ar ls ll ; e al-joy. oe . , A 1 additivroc .defed ; 15 0 , , it was coil( Pea Ge. at the 0 , 'd at thc,r,6l‘ uld be l c 1051 pal t t,,, itiCS Of lterests,„ L y . tation 01 , it y ) n at til i3 . o o lie gre 3t ,,tid and we 6 r its c , e ccss-' co t i ilr Ell.c 63 0 1) , the 11 t ,s is- 10.40.1.)'0. :e pt, 1) 1 ° r e of P'lo 3 ) I It was, ,therefore, with ; the most heartfelt satisfaetion that he rejoiced at the plenteous Harvest with which the benignity of Providence had blessed the Land, and conferred upon a grateful People. He contem plated? with exultation, their patient forbearance and unshaken loyalty thus . rewarded. Eyery praise was hoWever due to Chose who, amidst the pressure of Scarcity, .had used .every exertion to alleviate that pressure and lighten the burden. Much had been then done, and successfully, as far as imperi.: ous circumstances would .allow or permit. - It was with the utmost pleasure and satisfaction he paid the tribute of applaUse to His Majesty's Ministers, who hod at length terminated -a War of nine years, with honour and advantage to the . Country,, and who had placed the EMpire in a situation of indis t- . puted pre-eminence, by Treaties which suffici ently secured its interests, without compromising its ..honour, and .maintained its honour without : its., interests. But whilst the .me.ed of just 'franc was awarded to the present Ministers, let not that be forgotten which was due to His Ma jesty's late Ministers, to those who, during a period of-unexampled .danger; unparalleled in the history of mankind, when the Empire was threatened, not only by the open hostility of a numerous host of foreign enemies, but still more, by the secret tnachinations of domestic foes, - by their judgment 1 - Icl ability, and,by the vigour and energy of „their itteasures, preserved inviolate our Honour and our Territories, our Religion and - .our Constitution. lie trusted the Address he should have the honour to move would meet with the unanimous concurrence of the House. He concluded with moving -the following. Address. That an Humble 'Address be presented to His,Majcsty, to return His Majesty the Thanks of this House for His Most Gracious Speech froM the Throne ; to assure His Majesty; that we learn with great satisfaelion, that the differences 'with the Northern Powers have been adjusted by a Con eution with the Emperor of Russia, to which the Kings of beninark and Sweden have expressed their readiness.toac cede ; 'and that Prelimina►ies of Peace have been ratified be lween Ills Majesty and the French Republic. That wa acknowledge His Majesty's goodness, in having been pleased to direct Copies of theso, Treaties to be laid before us and to assure His Majesty that we'shall not fait to apply our. immediate attention to the important transac tions to which they relate. That we are fly sensible of the paternal solicitude which leads His 'Majesty to regret .the necessity of large additional hpplies ; but that, while we sincerely participate in that kutirnent, we feel the indispensible duty of prOiding for . . tilt, expellees , which•. must fora time be unavoidable in diiferont Parts of the world, and of maintainingap adequate establish trlent on the final adjustmeOt of Peace. Thar we shall be anxious'for the adoption of all such eco arrangements as may not. be inconsistent with the great obje& which His Majesty has so justly at heart, of e treEinally providing for the Security of all His Majesty's 130 minio • That we truly participate in the - gratification which His ` a lajesty has been so graciously pleased-to express, at the re lief which the bounty of Divine Providence has afforded to his - People by the abundance of the late Harvest ; and we acknowledge wi th the utmost Gratitude, His Majesty's gra ctous acceptance and approbation of proofs of that lerriper and fortitude which have been manifestedby all descriptions of bisSubjedts, under the various and 'complicated difftcul tie; with which they have had. to contend. W e r..efie& with sentiments of just exultation on the dis-, force s valour and Frninent Services of His Majesty's . " ) rces by Sca and Land, which at no period have been sur 11a3sed and that we..have contemplated with the utmost sa k6faElion, the unprecedented exertions of the Militia and /'encibles and the zeal and perseverance of the Yeomanry * " .4ll 4olunteer Corps of Cavalry and Infantry. • That we most heartily -congratulate His Majesty on the ' N aval and Military Operations of the last Campaign, and on t he glorious and successful Issue of the Expedition to Egypt, t barked as it has been throughout by atchievernents which, in their consequences; and by theirexarriple; cannot fail to con_ d ace to the lasting Advantage and llonour of this Country. c hat we cordially share in His Majesty's earnest wiShes that his Subjefts may enjoy, in their full extent; the returning Blessings of Peace in the progressive increase of the National • e 9mtnerce, Credit, and Revenues ; and, aboVe all, in the disturbed possession of their Religion, Laws, and Liberties, '4r ter the safeguard and protedion.irf that Constitution, Iv hich it has been the great ohjedt of all our efforts to preserve, t t which, it is' our fixed determination, as it IS our most duty, •to - tranmit unimpaired to our Descendants. WODEHOUSE said, he felt confident li e approbation which; he doubled not, would' be ,4liwartied to the Add‘ress by the Vote of the House. f l e joi ne d w i t h s i ncere congratu l at io n in the,gener:zl }( i expres s ed u p on die s ubje4 of a Treaty of Peace v sth Fr ance , i n . w hi c h t h e security. of the Country 1 ' v as amply provided, fur, and its interest firmly 11'',tintained. He rejoiced at the Convention‘With, 11 '%, Nlrtlierit Powers, in which the Rights of Bri-, tarn wire 'maintained with undeviating • firmness, and the abuse of 'the exercise of those Rights l'ere conceded to the Enemy, - guarded against with' tvery stri#ness. Every one must, he 11 /4- id,- feel a considerable degree:of l egation at the :PPY and glorious, tc:mination of a War which: t O. as not begun for the purpose : o f grat if y i ng ambition, or extending the Territories of Rd -441, but which she was compelled to commence'and tr Y on'during - the long period in . - which we had, .seenfated - to continue it, for the purpo se of pre-: v ing her honour and her inte res t, an d t h e d e a rest li t t t 4 ,!3 of Religionand Independence and which had lo o " thus terminated by a Tr eat y o f P eace , - w hi c h , tv o A it could 'not now be discussed in detail, e ye ti, he w a s conv i nce d, h e f oun d a d equate to v tly r Y purpose of honour, of injerest, an d o f se kiltY ; and be doubted not - , that His" - Majesty's c4te l liste rs , in concluding the Treaty,. would take wh. that every farther provision should' be made e,‘lc_li Might be considered necessary for the final t, l flty of the British Empire. He was perfeCtly pk v i'Ked of the• necessity of a considerable Sup_ v o i t • which h e h a d no doubt would • be ch eer f u ll y 1 !a in that 1 - souse, and as cheerfully concurred o CY" the People, when they looked to the great ; 15 1 q1 attaine4 by the Peace. Gentlemen roust, • th e P„ : same titre, be aware; that a much larger Ilii i i c e e rt Es t tablishm_ . ent , nould he necessary than had uh been' rev ,in this Country, from 'the r<tuon_which had taken pace in 'the face of Eu • rope, and various other .titeunistances: lie ttra§ convinced, however, that nothing would be asked for by His Majesty's .Ministers which was not ab., solutely necessary to the security or the welfare of the Kingdom.. To our brilliant successes by sea and land, he must pay his tribute of admiration ; they had been most glorious and unexampled. To one man, however, he more , particularly yielded the palm of admiration, he alluded to the: gallant ABER.CKOMBY ; 'to whose bra , Very and gallantry, to whose- judgment and skill, must peculiarly be ascribed those successes which immediately led to that happy termination of the War, we were now called upon to celebrate, and without which, that much to be desired event would, it-was more than probable, have. been retarded and delayed. The ,atchievements of the British arms had, inune diatelyJee. to the happy.event of Pe;:e, and they ought to be .regarded with . every testimony of ap_ . plause, and every mark of approbation. Peculiar praise was 'also due to those who had seized the happy Moment for Negotiation, and who, without being elated by success, had founded upon it claims which at once united a proper dignity and a happy moderation, .and insured a fortunate completion to -what was' so auspiciously begun. He could not sufficiently applaud, the moderation which marked the condu& of the Negotiation on our part, and proved the attention- direCted by His Majesty's Ministers towards the real and solid interests . cif the Country. The mass of the People were en titled, he said, to die highest praise, for the peace able and orderly Condua which they had displayed under the pressure of unexampled difficulties, ter the loyalty they 'had shewo, and the fortitude they , had evinced. He contemplated with exultation the 'bounteous harvest which the Country now enjoyed, which wouldmake a great part of those difficulties under which the People had laboured disappear, and which would be some recompense for their excellent condtki. The advantages which would accrue to the People of England from the measures which had been pursued, were, .he thought, too obvious to he denied. Their Commerce and Resources would be , enlarged, their interests benefited, and their pro.. sperity and, happiness, individually, and as a na tton, materially' increased. He wished they might long continue to enjoy those benefits and those ad vantages, that prosperity and that happiness. Mr. FOX said, he wished it distiotaly to be un derstood upon what groundhe should that night give his vote. Whatever difference of opinion might take place relative to the terms of the' Peace, or its general tenor; or the manner of-concluding it, he most_cordially and unequivocally joined in the gc neral joy and exultation to which the conclusion of Peace :had given rise, congratulated that House, anchhe Country, on the happy event which` had taken . plae, and which - had called forth a ge. neral sentiment of applause. He only wished to add, that he should give his decided approbation of the Address : by his vote. Mr. PITT said, he rose to deliver, in a few words, his opinion in concurrence with what, had, already been 'delivered on ,the iintortant . Subjea now before the _House, and upon which he. was glad to have the prospea of unanimity, a thilig which . was tot common ; even . 01) . the first day of a Session. He said he would not enter at large into the trans anions now hefore :the House, and which His MA JEiTY had atmounced from the Throne, either as to the Pacification which had been concluded with the Northern Powers, or the signature to the Preli minsiries with France ; when either of these topics, and, particularly the latter, should be brought for ward for discussion, he hoped he should be found to: agree with the Hon. Gentleman who had just ,pre_ ceded him on tiis occasion, and that they should both express their 'approbation of that measure, although _it was an approbation which wonid proceed perhaps • from different reasons.; this was not the season for the regular discussion of either, and yet he was anxious' to declare the outline of his sentiment s o n b ot h these Measures,. the which he saw, upon the whole, with great satisfaaion ; and he would -add; that whatever criticism might be applied to inferior parts of these great transactions, or to whatever criticisms they might be 'liable, they were on the Whole, such as afforded matter of great joy to- this Country, and they entitled the Government which concluded' them to esteem and thanks. There was anothen topic on :which he would slightly touch— the termination of the War had been accompanied with honotir to us, for it 'had given proofs. Of vigour and energy beyond any former War, and of atehieve-, ments more splendid, if :possible, rham any "which. adorned our 'history .before this period.' This con_j test had exhibited, on our part; a continued series' . of an undaunted courage, of an invincible spirit, of glorious viaories by our Fleets and Armies ;, of, patience, calmness, fortitude, and _perseverance in: the People of England, in - their struggle through the' War, and of a dignity of temper at ,the'return rst Peace, . which elevated. even them in the opinion of the .world ;. and whichsqualities procured to them an honourable issue to difficulties which they did' not seek, but which were forced upon them, and which nothing hut their being true. to themselves, as Well as their Representatives having been true to' them throughout, eouid ,have enabled them to ac., complish. Mr. WINDHAM said, that .he should have fol lowed the course of proceeding held out by his Hon: Friends on the Treasury Bench, as the proper rhode on this occasion, had, it nor .beeo for' some thing that was thrown out by 'his Hon. Friend he should have contented - himself with giving ,A silent vote of approbation of the Address, had it nor, hap penedikthlt some things'were dropped, which seemed to imply an approbation of the 'Preliminaries of Peace. His Friend did not intend it- so, but from what! he said, he seemed to convey an idea thae . all the Members of the House approVed of that measure; he was desirous to give no countenance - to opinions to which he did not assent. • This matter 'being . clearly understood, he should have no disposition to say more this night 'upon the subjca, reserving the opinion he had formed, and the reasons he had to support it with; to the occasion that might regu larly call for it, which - would, he p'restimed, be a day appointed for that purpose ; but as his Hon. Friend had gone a little farther, and had givp his opinion upon the outline of the subjca, Mr. WIND. HAM said, he must likewise state hiS, which was, Unfortunai6lY, as deci eAi v against the Peace that of his friend for it. He was aware that to ;dissent from any Such general opinion as that of his Hon. Friend; Was - at all times painftil to hirh, it was still more SO; since that opinion Was so gene, rally approved of and supported. He could have 11611elight in being a mourner in a scene of general rejoicing—to wear a countenance 'of sorrow .while other; seemed tO sparkle with joy—tO sink i n to de spair while others were lifted - up by - hope, was a Sin , gularity not to be envied, tier should he be longer in' assigning his reason for it, than would be necessary in order to be,uoderstood. He admitted that those who had entertained opposite opinions upon the War' might, as properly remarked by his Friend, (Mr-PITT) yet agree in feelings as to the _ter mination of it.-So it' was likely to happen that the Hon. Gentle Man opposite , to him (Mr. Fox'), whose opinions Were. now happily 'known to . bis Country, might agree with his Hoe. Friend (Mr. PITT) in the termination of this contest. Although he agreed with the Hon. Gentleman '(Mr.' Fox) in his view of the state Of fads, that this was a Peace glorious to France, he . .believed he differed widely from that Gentleman as to the feelings which should thence arise in the breastsof Englishmen. In his view of things - (which might perhapAe a mistaken one) there was no •cause for rejoicing at the Peace we were about .to have ; he foresaw that this re joicing might be turned into bitter lamentation this he said, because he thought that the advan tages, as some people called them,.which this Peace would bring with it, would pave 'the way to - the ruin of this Country. The general illuminations were to him no sign of comfort, for lie saw no reasonable cause for the People of England to re juice. He must, before he assented to them, ask hiMself,." Are these the lights of the sepulchre, or the tokens of the knell of our funeral s"'—Before I put on. my Wedding Garment, I _must know whether I am invited to the feast, or the funeral ; from the bottom of - rny heart I think this precedes the bitterness of Sorrow and the lamentation of Death. Considering'the situation in which we now stand, I think that the moment my Hon. Friends signed this Treaty, they' signed the Death-Warrant of thOr Country; or, at least, they have given it a blow which I think it can !lever recover from. He said, he knew how unpleasant it was to the House, nay, lie felt it' unpleasant to himself, to dwell upon - observations whiCh were made againsi l his wishes, although dictated ley judgment. •He knew the uncertainty of human affairs, and how vain it was in man to attempt to prescribe e bounds to the •dispensations of:Providence, the ways of which were invisible to human sight. He could .not.tell what changes there may, be without and within us—What temper, what .spirit iheePeople of this and other Countries may have :—what may be done for our political salvation. He did not say we should not 'entertain any hope, for- he knew that hope might exist when 'reasonable confidence was extinguished; and he knew that exertions ought to be continued after reasonable expectation was gone ; . and, . therefore, he did not Wish - the People.' of 'this : Country to despair; butalt he , would say,. was, that: .upon no view he could' take of Public Affairs, from no principle that . he knew; - ,that induced a reasonable man tb 'could he state to himself the way in which tbis:Country coiilcl Coale :out of the difficulty into which this, Peace would throw- it. There was one thing more. which be wished to take notice rife he had long thought there was only. one' way by which this Country,c o uld esca pe f rom t h e. dreadful effed which we all apprehended from the' gigantic Power of France ; _and that was,' by pre serving the superiority of our . Commerce. It had appeared to. him .also, that there was but one thing wanting for France; to enable it to. extend its Erm, pire, and to become as much the terror of other Nations by sea as it had by land, and. that was, to extend its Commerce : thise in .a fatal, moment, in his opinion, we had given- to France. . How our; ruin Could be avoided, he did not know.—Others, undoubtedly, entertained hopes; how .well founde& such hopes were, time would shew.. All that he had hitherto heard upon that subject, appeiered to! him to be either very doubtful, or entirely defedive. ; What might be the effed of what we now saw, no man could know ; but he apprehended' nothing to' us but our Ruin. This was nearly all die had to say,' and, which, he apprehended, was called. for by what had preceded it on this occasioe ; .he should net have added another.word, if the expression of an " honourable Peace" had not occurred. to . him. It need not have been introduced ;wit seemed to have been improvidently and imppliticly mentioned ; for, it was more than was asked. He would not ask for' an honourable Peace; nor that - undervalued the. Honour of a Nation; no, he thought. Honour one ,of its dearest posseisioks, .but for the sake of argu, ment, and ,for that only, 'he would put it out of the way, and say, in this particular case; " Shew me it is'a safe Peace,,and I shall be contented."re-Now after saying this, which was certainly his opinion, on this Peace, whether that was a subjeCl, of censure or ;applause, there was certainly no disapprobation' of the present Address implied by what he said, al. though he had no wish to dissemble any sentiment he entertained; because if what hadgoneabroadwas true, we were really driven to agree to this Peace by neces sity. If that,wasthe case, the Framers.of the Peace On the part of this Country, had great merit. We were not to condemn them for 'what they gave up,', but to applaud them for *hat they had saved ; not for Ceylon 'or 'Ttinidada, but for saving to us Portsmouth or Plymouth, or preserving Ireland to the British Empire, and for preventing greatee humiliation. If this was really our state, and we made Peace from hecessiti, we must applaud them for the Peace, because theivalue of the Peace would - then be judged of, nor from the thing itself, but from the •pecessity which gave it! birth. That however was a subjea which should be discussed hereafter o and the questions would be, 'how far 'the Peace was a Peace of Neessity ? and, what:the de gree of the Necessity was ? for nothing, in his ap prehension, could justify the "putting of the 'State into such danger as this Puce would, but absolute necessity. This was all be had to say at present upon this subject, except merely to add, that as to the Address now before the House, ..he concurred with the two Gentlemen cyho had just preceded him (Mr. PITT and Mr. Fox), in giving it his as seat. The CJfANCEttOP of ti:4 F-Xt ; HEQU.t paid, lie hOped his. Right Hon. Frie'nd world pardorl' him, if he. expitE:i`ed an opinion 'that .he had • into ratherernore minuteness than the Question t ,before the House called for, even in his own view of as explained by himself; and Ord's:him-1y at the conclusion of hie Speech; by wltich it al-oeared he Concurred in the Address. The observations of his 'Hon: Friend. were {he would pardon him for say: ing so) a little premature ; that- subjeft was not no* before the Honse ; even in His Majesty's most gracious . Specch from the Thrtine, there was ex.; pressed no other sentiment on the Peace, bo sueli ai was 'conveyed by these words: " That His J ESTY trusts the Arrangements will be found con.. ducive' to the general IntereSts of this . Country and to thellorionr of the British Empire.", In this there was no reference whatever even to that . stritil mint so conveyed from the Throne. Indeed it would be irregular and indecorous to ask of the House,an opinion upon a subject not fully before itx HiseHon. Friend very well knew that Preliminary Terms of Peace - had been signed on the part of Hill 'Nfajesty and the French Republic, but the terms were not before the House. His Hin. , Friend had entered into ther subjed. of f the Peace, ehowe,ver, and expressed some laMentation over it. He shonld not' folio/ him in 'answer to what he urged now; although he might, in some measure regularly so. Nor should he enter into any dispute now upon the general prOposition laid down by, his - Hon: -Friend, not because he was unprepared,- but be. - . cause another opportuhity wouldioffee for that our pbse. He should then eater 'on theediscuSsiOn with this. Hon. Friend, but he should do it under a pain. ful feeling, for painful it was to him to differ opinion from one who had proved himself to 'he a 'zealous advocate for, and a virtuous guardian of.the Constitution, and to whom (whatever difference of .opinion ,might . subsift between them) he should add, the Country was under deep oki iga t ion' for many greht services, particularly when he . warned the Country of its ganger, when its safety was at stake, and for. the efforts he made to preserve it. &Lis lion. Friend had said that we, ought to consider the extension of our Commerce as, the only counter-balance in our power against the extension of : Territory of the French Republic: He would not now refer to the terms of the Peace, for that he could not do with regularity, but ,he would aver, that all that we had given up, would have - afforded to us no •sort s4-security against the danger which was apprehended by his Honourable Friend: lie did not agree with his Hon. 'Friend on'the subjea of the - extent of the ;power of France, and of our mode of balancing that power, for he thought the bet counterpoise of this Country, against the grow_ ing power of France, was in the preservation of our Constitution—to our industry and skill, to Our fru gality' aod temperance; much ;was tb - he also con_ fided the right direCtion and preservation of what remained of the facultiis e labilities, and re sources of the Country; arid happily much indeed remained of .such resources, inuch.was to he looked for-as a security for trs in time of Peace; for eecoo... tinuanee of its .blessings. His Hon. Friend had said, he should abstain -from saying many things, which would occur to him to deliver on a fUture oe casion. Nothing less could 'be expeeted from his liberality, candour, or justice ; buielre. hinted at one thing which ought pot to pass without a direCt answer: bewould therefore say, it never was in contemplation of those who had the honour of ad visiog His MA J EST , / 10 sign the Preliminaries of I'eate, that What they did ; Was the circa of neces , siry. His Hon. Friend had 'stated, that some un known necessity might have been the, ause—" I dis t " claim that plea," said Mr.,ADD INGTON " " will be-rto party to such a statement. I'do not " seek my own justification, nor will my Col " leagues, am persuaded, seek theirs, in any 46 such way-.-that would be really undervaluing the Resources of our Country. If instead of ac " ceding to the terms agreed upon, and which are . " likely soon to : be finally settled, the Enemy had " made it necessary for us to continue the contest, " we should, I am confident, have continued the " contest ; and I am confident also, that we should " have proved to the world that we have still cient Faculties and Resources to maintain time '" Honour and:preserve the Security of the British " Empire. I Could not forbear, saying this, for the " purpose, _chiefly, of disclaiming that species of ." justification which my Hon. 'Friend supposed to " arise oat of Necessity. 'J hope my justifica2 " don, and that of' my, Colleagues, will - be found " in the aelual state of things: in .which, I " hope, if will appear we -have • had a prudent " regard to the true. interest of our Country ; " and I aver. also, that if we bad not advised His' " MAJESTY to conclude these terms, we should r*it " only- have'been wanting in what we owed 'to our " Constituents, but of a gross perversion, of our " duty to HtSe.MAtEsry as the Father of his People."—He then observed, that he should defer the obserrations„he had to Make:on the present state of the Continent of Europe, as well as many other topics which would come into discussion at; a futUre day ; and obseriied that what he had already said, had, been called for by what had been delivered ley his Hon. Friend who had just preceded him. • Mr. SHE RIDAN said, he felt a wish, he be lieved, in common with the House, to defer a _Debate upon the Peace until the. proper period for that purpose . ; and was therefore a, little stir. 'prized; that the Right Hon. Gentleman did go into the discussion. He should vote for the 'Ad dress, because it was not an echo of the Speech, • Hezave credit to the 'Framers of the Address folk the moderation of it, and its good sense ; there were some things in the SPecch, which, if- they were in the Address, would have prevented -him from voting for it.. He hoped the Vote to night would •be unanimous ; at the same time, though unanimity was likely to appear ,by the Vote e •he believed, if men were to speak fairly out,. it would appear there never was a -subjea in the House, .pn which' there was less unanirniw of sentiment., He differed from those whO thought. this Peace honour_ able and glorious- .He differed still more from those who thought that 'Peace ought not to 'be made at all—He thought it was a Peace which every Iran ought to be glad of, but no one could be proud Of--. It was a Peace fit for the-War which it terininami i , The War was the worst that es et was entered into]