The Sun. — London, England, 1847-06-07 00:00:00

THE REV. U. COBBOLD'S NEW WORK. New Ready, in 3 vols. post Svo., ZENON; THE MARTYR By the Rev. RICHARD COBBOLD, M.A., R.D., Rector of Wcrtham, Suffolk. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough street. To be had of all Booksellers. VOL. X. Now Ready, LIVES OF THE QUEENS. By AGNES STRICKLAND. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street To be had of all Booksellers. 8, New Burlington-street. MRA. GORE'S NEW NOVEL, CASTLES IN THE AIR, IS NOW READY AT ALL THE LIBRARIES. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. TO-MORROW EVENING, Tuesday, will be performed the Opera of LA SONNAMBULA, Amina, Mdlle. Jenny Lind ; Lisa, Madame , olari ; Count Rodolph, signor F. Lablache ; and Elvino, Signor Gardoni. Between the acts will be presented the Second Act of the admired ballet of GISELLE. Giselle, Mdlle. Carlotta Grisi. To conclude with a Selection from the admired ballet of ONDINE. Comprising the Fete de la Madonne, Pas de la Corbeille, by 5.1(111e. Cerlto and M. St. Leon. supported by Mdlles. Cassan and Honore, and the celebrated Pas de l'Ombre by Mdlle. Cerito. The Nobility, Subscribers to the Opera, and the Public, are re apectftilly informed, that there will be a grand EXTRA NIGH on THURSDAY NEXT, on which occasion Mdlle. Jenny Lind will appear In one of her favourite characters. The doors open at Half-past Seven. The Opera to commence at NU tit o'clock. THEATRE ROYAL, lIAYMARKET. Under the Management of THIS EVEN Mr. ING Webster, sole Lessee. Will be performed the new Comedy, called TEMPER. sir Marma duke Topple, Mr. Farren ; Sir Charles Tempest, Mr. Hudson ; God frey. Mr. Tilbury; Emerson, Mr. Webster; Cyril Tempest, M A % Howe ; Lady Tempest, Mrs. Seymour ; Mrs. Herbert, Mrs. Glover ; Florence Wilmot, Mrs. Fortescue; Miss FlAding, Mrs. Humby. To be followed by a Miscellaneous Concert, in which the FOUR HUNGARIAN INSTRUMENTAL VOCALISTS will give their imi tations of various instruments, with the Lips only. To be followod by an entirely new and original farce called WHO DO THEY TAKE ME FOR? Colonel Templeton, Mr. Howe ; Terence O'Reilly, Mr. Hudson ; Mrs. DOrrington, Mrs. Seymour ; Miss Pruisnce Pickings, Mrs. Humby. To conclude with THE INVISIBLE PRINCE! or, The Island of Tranquil Delights. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. tinder the direction of Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING Will be performed the original Drama, called THE FLOWERS OF THE FOREST ; a Gipsy Story. Cheap John, Mr. Wright ; latunael, Mr. 0. Smith ; the Kinchin, Mr. P. Bedford ; Leybourne, Mr. Worrell ; Cynthia, Sladame Celeste ; Lemuel, Miss Woolgar; Starlight Bess, Mrs. Fitzwilliam ; Lady Agnes, Miss Harding. After which an entirely new Petite Comedy, entitled FLYING COLOURS; or, Crossing the Frontier. Captain Sans (magi, Mr. Webster ; Margaret, Miss Wooigar ; Helen de Montereau, Madame Celeste ; Justine, Miss Ellen Chaplin. To be followed by the Opera Buffa Sketch, called JENNY LIND. Principal characters by Messrs. Wright, Paul Bedford, Lambert, Selby, Cuilenford, and Miss Woolgar. THEATRE ROYAL, LYCEUM. Under the Management of Mrs. Keeley. (Last Night but Four of the present Management and Company.) THIS EVENING Will be performed the Drama, TO PARENTS AND GUARDIAN :IL to which Mr. and Mrs. Keeley will appear. To be followed by the new occasional Dramatic Sketch, called JENNY LIND AT LAST; or, The Swedish Nightingale. Chem , - era by Mr. A. Wigan, Mr. Turner, Mr. Kinloch, Mr. Bellingham, llr.Bender, Mr. Yarnold, and Mrs. Keeley. To conclude with the n. - .tvr Burlesque Extravaganza, called THE WOOD DEMON ; or, One o'Cloelz. In which Messrs. Keeley, A. Wigan, 16. Matthews, Bellingham, Kinloch, Silver, Miss Dickinson Miss Daly, and Mrs. Keeley will appear. FRENCH PLAYS.—ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Lessee, Mr. John Mitchell. THIS EVENING Will be performed the vaudeville of UN MONSIEUR ET UNE DIME. Un Monsieur, M. Dumery ; Une Dame, 3ldlie. Thin. After which, UYE FEMME QUI SE JETTE PAR LA FE NETRE. The characters by M. Dumery, M. Rhozevil, Mdlle. Vallee, Mme. Grassau, and Mdlle. Duverger. To be followed by a vaudeville, entitled L' ARTICLE 213 ; Le Marl dolt Protection —. Characters by MM. Dwnery, Langeval, David, Dorgebert, and Mdlles. Duverger and Vallee. To conclude with the Vaudevile, entitled L'IMAGE. De Ke randal, M. Dumery ; Leopold, M. Rhozevil ; Mauclerc, M. Priston ; 31adelelne, Mdlle. Duverger. Boxes, 6s. ; Pit, 3s. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, 3s. ; Gallery, 2s. Boxes and Stalls may be engaged At Mr. -7itchell's Royal Library, 32, Bond-street ; and at the Box-office of the Theatre, which is open daily from Eleven till Five. i - .TIIIOPIAN *ERENADERS, ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. In consequence of the Increasing success which attends even• re presentation given by the celebrated ETHIOPIAN SERENADERS, Pell, Harrington, ,v bite, Stanwood, and Germon, they will repeat their usual ENTERTAINMENTS at the above Theatre, TO MORROW, and even• Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday Evening. Doors of en at Eight o'clock. They will also give r. DAY PERFORMANCE on Wednesday Morning next, commencing at Half-past Two o'clock. Thursday Evening next will be for the Be set of Mr. Stanwood. Boxes and Stalls at .Mitchell's Royal Librar and at the Box-office of the Theatre. • :33, Old Bond-street. PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. J. M. Maddox, sole Lessee and Manager. THIS VENIN Will be presented Shak s p ere ' s E tragedy of G. MACBETH. Macbeth, Mr. Macready ; Macduff, Mr. Cresvrick ; Lady Macbeth, Mrs. Warner. To be followed by a new comedietta, in two acts, entitled RO MANCE AND REALT CY. The Hon. Captain Montague, Mr. J. Webster; Vincent Dunbar, Mr. Vining ; Florence, Mrs. Stifling ; Xmlly, Miss Emma Stanley. To conclude with the new Farce, entitled THE SLEEPING DIAUGHT. Vincolo, Mr. Granby ; Brune, Mr. Walton; Rinaldo, Mr. Fisher ; Popolino, Mr. Compton ; Gabriotte, Mr. Cowell ; Yaido, Mr. Smith ; Signora Francesca, Mrs. Hughes ; Nonaa, Miss Stanley. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE, - Proprietor and Manager. Mr. William Batty. radar the patronage of the Queen, Prince Albert, and tba • Royal Family. Splendid combination of Novelties, in addition to which Mr. Batty has engaged Mdlle. Lamina, the Female Equestrian. THIS Will be perform e d th e Eq agi uestri EVENING an Mcal Sketch THE GOLDEN FOOTED STEED; or, The Charmed Horse of the , Black Valle:y. L'newialled SCENES in the CIRCLE, with a brilliant displaty of Horse:La:lllMA, introducing the Foreign and British Artistes. To conclude with Lord Byron's Dramatic Poem of THE BRIDE OF AB YDOS ; or, The Corsair. Stage Manager, Mr. W. D. Broadfoot. Stalls, ass. ; Boxes, 4s. ; Upper Boxes, 3s ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery. Is. tippet Gallery, 6d. Commence every evening at Seven o'clock, ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Under the Management of Mrs. Frances Daridge, Lessee. THIS EVENING Will be presented a new ballad opera, the libretto by Mr. E. Iritz ba, the masic and overture by Mr. J. IL Tully, entitled THE PORES? MAIDEN AND THE MOORISH PAGE. Philip of Spain, Mr. Le der Francis Huntley, Mr. W. Harrison ; Sir Edward Cop ley, Mr. M`Mahoe ; Queen Mary. Mrs. Henry Vining ; Alice Co;ley, Miss Ratoforth ; Leon, the Moorish Page, Miss Rebecca Isaac To conclude with Shalcspere's tragedy of MACBETH, with the whole of Locke's music. Macbeth, Mr. Scott ; Lady Macbeth, :Mrs. Henry Vining. itozea, 49., Pit, is.; Gallery, 6d. Doors open at Six, commence at Hall-prst Six. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. THIS EVENING Will be presented, a drama, in three acts, called THE MUG:S TAIN JUDGE; or, the Patriot's Grave. Characters by Messrs. Hicks, Dale, Bird, Searle, Howard, Gardner, Mrs. G. Lee, :Mrs. Hicks, &c. After whieh WILLIAM THOMPSON; or, the Sleepwalker and his Ri-►al. To tonchule with PIZARRO ; or the Death of Rolla. Rolta u Mr. nicks ; Pizarro, Mr. Dale. Boxes, is.; Half Price, 6d. Pit, 6d. ; Gallery, 3d. ROYAL:SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. Und, r the patronage of her Majesty, his Royal Highness Priroce Albert, the Queen Dowager, &c. 0 pen every Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday. Achnission, One Shilling. 'SECOND WEEK OF M. JULLIEN'S ENGAGEMENT. First Week of the Army Quadrilles. No Extra Charge ! On MONDAY, June 7. The Proprietor has much pleasure in announcing to the Subscribers, Amato urs of Music, and the Public, - diet he has succeeded in en ge.g tag 31_ J EMMEN and the Principal Solo Performers of his unrivalled band, including Richardson, Baumann, Barret, Lazarus, Prospere, Coilinet, and Her Koenig, for a limited number of nights. Which, with Mr. GODFREY'S Splendid Band, aided by a ?election irom the principal bands in the Metropolis, will form an orchestra of One Rendre d Performers. The Vroprietor begs to announce that he has, at a consider 'able expense, erected a new Entrance, and a magnificent Walk, with flower borders, statues, and a Central Fountain, in front oi' the Brand I , irtnrlsl - THE TOWN AND BAY OF GIBRALTAR. The Menagerie contains many specimens, including the Girl Life, Gazelles, &c. The Promenade Concerts, conducted hy Godfrey.. A representation of the Porcelain Tower of Nankin. The Gothic 11r1 Age of Statues. The grand Pyrotechnic Display, representing the SIEGE OF CiIBRALTA Showiag the commencement of the Bombardment, partial destr uc. ton of the Town, and Blowing up of the Battering Ships. THE WEATHER —SUN 07/ICE, Jurfig 5. THXRMONIETER, Lowest, 50 ; Highest, 73 ; Noon, 453. BA.3O3IETER, 30.28.—WLND N.N.E.; fine. JUNE 6. TixamonETEß, Lowest, 50; Highest. 63; Noon, ti. BA:ROMETER, 30.—WIND N.; cloudy weather. HI( •H WALTER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY. Ilornin g .. 2 minutes after S. 1 Evening .. 31 minutes after S. . . Nl4l'). ‘NI •r; )114116 4 . 44 . 4 .412 01Crrift r ` ' ito rt ; : ' w . 4 2int4 LONDON, MONDAY, JUNE 7,1 1847. " Wair ra d POUND ?" Assure dly the riddle o f Sphinx was not more bewildering or inexplicable than this s i mp l e i nqu i ry, i f we may estimate its di ficulty by the diversity and contradiction of the an the awers even by mod e r n fi nanc i ers. A poun d ! w h y , colour of the chamelion has not been provocative of more opposite assertions. For all that could be adduced from the perverse definitions of this in corn-. - prehensible thing —a pound—by those who are pre • slimed to be deeply versed in the monetary science• - we might as well endeavour to penetrate the Elus mean mysteries, to solve the variations in the rnagn to concoct the elixir vita., or to prove that manki, t, , yil bas not in all ages been most credulous and most e. travagant. Until we have arrived at some definite understand ng, however, as to the signification of a pound it i s topeless to cxpect anything like sound or e ven safe le gislation i n regar d t o national finance. S ir R. PEx r. Izas assumed to himself a species of desp ot i sm . iti regard t o th e Currency : it is natural, therefore, that to him public curiosity should be first directed for• srme explicit interpn-tation of this awfully mystifi- Ecus monosyllable. Sir ROBERT PEEL has given hi s interpretation—three years ago he gave it—repeat ed/ y since then he has given it; but such an interpretat lot 1! such an ingenious jumble of paradoxes, such an eecentric puzzle of words, as left the original tun s lion as invisible as a needle in a bottle of hay. Arguing from the premise that a pound (a non n a z/ sound) of gold is 123.1-274 grains of gold, r ROBERT PEEL maintained that the meaning of a pound is literally " a definite quantity of gold with:. a mark upon it to determine its weight and fineness." Remember, he asserted this upon the premise that a pound is fixed at 123.1-274 grains of gold; and he asserted, almost in a simultaneous breath, that an ounce of gold being legally determined to be of the value of 3/. 17s. 100., an ounce of gold and a pound of silver must be considered as equivalent, or, in other words, that the signification of an ounce of gold, being estimated by law at the sum of 3/. 17s. 10id., is simply the expression of the value of gold relatively with silver. While uttering these opinions Sir Ro- BERT coolly knocks the ground from under himself, cracks the reed upon which he is leaning, by con fessing that silver can no longer be regarded as a standard of value—that, in short, the silver coinage is at present " a mere token," seeing that the value of silver has fluctuated within recollection from 625. to 665. per pound ! Was ever magnificent castle in the air so instantaneously demolished, and that, moreover, by its very fabricator ? Why, if silver coinage is a mere token, gold coinage must equally be a mere token ! If silver generally varies in value, a pound of silver must vary in value, and consequently a fluctuating pound of silver cannot by possibility be the equivalent of an unfluc tuating ounce of gold! The meaning of an ounce of gold at 31. 17s. 100. Sir R. PEEL defines, as we have already stated, to be merely the expression of its relative value to silver. If; therefore, the value of silver is variable, the value of gold, as it is rated proportionately with silver, must necessarily be mutable in like manner. Already has Sir ROBERT considered a pound as being composed of 123.1-27-1 grains of standard gold, and he has declared that quantity to have been decided upon from the circum stance of the pound of account having been formerly, namely, in the reign of WILLIAM the Cox , QUEROR, literally a pound (weight) of silver. Yet this lesser metal, by which the more precious metal is estimated, cannot, he acknowledges, be viewed as anything more than a mere token, because its value fluctuates like that of any baser commodity. From first to last, throughout Sir ROBERT PEEL'S explanation, there is an utter chaos of contradictions, and paradoxes, and prevarications. From first to last it is manifest that his arguments are based upon premises of inherent rottenness. From first to last it is certain that a pound is not, as he maintains, an actual thing—an existent fact—a visible and repre sentable substance, but that it is, on the contrary, a fiction—an ideal and suppositious medium—a phrase used conventionally and symbolically. From the root, therefore, from the very founda tions, the present system of the Currency, as modelled and constructed by Sir ROBERT PEEL, is un sound and untenable. From the root, from the very foundations, it must be remodelled and reconstructed. Inour columns of Saturday ap peared a communication from a provincial banker pointing out the urgent necessity for some combined effort to insure a gigantic alteration in the national Currency, and especially directing attention to the opportunity afforded for that effort by the approach ing general election. The suggestion is admirably timed and is eminently entitled to consideration. Meanwhile the electors throughout the kingdom should weigh the matter seriously in the balance. They should probe the wounds caused in our Credit by the Bank Charter Bill of 1844, the causes of which are conclusively set forth in a brief but emphatic pamphlet by Mr. CHARLES ENDERBY. At the county and borough hustings let not the late financial in volvements be forgotten. The question of emigration was on Friday brought before the House of Lords by Lord iNIONTEAGLE, who moved for a Select Committee to consider the means by which emigration might be made a benefit to the social condition of Ireland. In the reasons adduced by the Noble Secretary for the Colonies for assenting to the inquiry, in his masterly and convincing reply, we most cordially concur. He has acted on a prin ciple which has not hitherto been sufficiently recog nised. Heretofore it was too much the custom to consider that entering into an investigation was an admission of the accuracy and justice of the charges or the principles asserted by the mover—that it implied a general acquiescence in his views; Lord GREY, however, adopted a more judicious course. He consented to the appointment of the pro posed Committee, because he believed that the result would be to disabuse men's minis of a dangerous error, viz., that emigration could be made useful to the greatest imaginable extent. Many erroneous and unfounded opinions on the sub ject are, unhappily, too prevalent. Certain classes in Ireland have been impressed with the most extrava gant ideas on the point. They have looked upon i a large and extensive system of emigration as the only remedy for the ills of Ireland. They have de liberately stated that there can be no prosperity for Ireland until one-fourth of her population are trans ferred to other shores—until two millions of people are banished from their native land ; that, for the supposed benefit of Irish landlords, their estates are to be cleared, their country depopulated at an expense to the national Exchequer, or, in other words, to the English taxpayer, of some forty or fifty mil lion pounds sterling. Such was the scheme originally brought forward and supported by many Members of either House of Parliament, and other influential gentleman connected with Ireland. But when, at length, the question is brought before the Senate• there is not a single voice uplifted in its defence, or prepared to advocate it to the extent that had previ ously been urged. In fact, as the Noble Lord had stated, it was utterly and entirely repudiated. It will not be the least valuable of the results of the proposed inquiry that it will at length be dis covered what is the point really aimed at by the sup porters and advocates of emigration, to what extent they really desire to go. It will pin them down to some certain propositions, the fallacy of which can readily be exposed. Hitherto they have assumed that the population of our sister island is too numer ous for its resources, that an adequate supply of food cannot be raised in the country for the maintenance of its inhabitants, and that, consequently, nothing can be efficacious but the removal of the surplus numbers. They have not to inquire how or by what means, and at what expenditure, this their darling object can be obtained. They ask not with what justice we can divest ourselves of the duty of pro viding for our own impotent poor, and send them to s tarve and die in other climes, quod volumus facile I c. redimus. They desire to get rid of their destitute •ethren, and they are prepared to believe it can ea lily be accomplished. Tile first question that will have to be submitted to the Committee will be, whether Ireland is really over-peopled—whether useful and beneficial em ployment may not be found for every able-bodied labourer throughout the land. 'We are fully con vinced that it will be manifested that there is an ample field for the occupation of all, and that their labours, when directed into the proper channels, will be in the highest degree valuable to the kingdom in general. We do not want a tide of emigration flowing from the Irish shores, but an influx of capital to carry out the desired ameliorations. Already within the last twenty years nearly 1,500,000 persons have volun tarily sailed from Ireland, and there has recently been a large increase, so that from 200,000 to 300,000 may fairly be estimated as the number of departures for the present year, and what advantage has been derived therefrom? Even Lord MoNTEIGLE has been forced to admit " that he feared it was of a kind that, so far from relieving, would greatly increase the evils of which just complaints were now universally made ; that he found that the greater part of the emigration that had taken place was from the employers rather than from the employed, and that it had produced no effect .either in a greater demand for labour or in an is, creased desire to possess land." It is, then, because ‘fvaelseare convinced that this inquiry will remove the abroadtxnthdaterrweonheoauils with imp j r o e y ssi t o h n e s ap t po ha i t ram ha: h - e t 0 ,, f 0.0 t h n e e Committee. rSiaturdaTto the case of f We drew attention 0 sootned under the Small ". Nom A S KINKING, by v i r ir u n e p lapnonorder an made by upon ap -1 D ebts Act , Mr.. Commissioner BULLOCK, plication of the plaintiff', based the alle gation, that the defendant had failed to pay the directed first of a series o f instalments, as p reviousl y by the Court. I Ve alluded to the a pp lication which the prisoner had subsequently made, without success, to the Court of Queen's Bench to be discharged from custody, under the above circumstances, and by virtue of which, it was contended, that the imprison ment was illegal ; we observed upon the fact, that the judges hereupon were equally divided in their opinion, and urged that the practice was reprehensible which caused the prisoner to be remanded back to prison under this state of things ; and, finally, we alleged that, in point of law, Lord DENMAN and Mr. Justice ERLE were in error in differing from the view taken of this matter by their Learned Col leagues, Mr. Justice PATTESON and Mr. Justice COLERIDGE. We also rejoiced: that the ques tion was to be mooted anew in the Court ci , Common Pleas. The Judges of the latter court have since unanimously decided that the commitment was illegal, and the prisoner was accordingly forthwith discharged. Lord DENMAN'S great error lay here— he considered the proceeding of the Commissioner to have !Hen ministerial instead of judicial, whereas it was clearly the latter. The object of the Act is to punish a party, by a term of imprisonment not exceeding forty days, who was or is able to pay in a manner specified and arranged by the court having jurisdiction in debts under 201. The imprisonment does not liquidate the debt, and is therefore a pro ceeding in pcenam. As observed by Chief Justice " the Act was passed in accordance with the general principles of humanity, that you should not press a man when he is not of ability to pay." A man may have paid nineteen out of twenty instal ments, and it would be hard if, because he had not satisfied the last, he was to be de prived of his liberty without being heard in his defence. A thousand adverse circumstances might have intervened to thwart his intention of paying the entire debt, and yet, if the judge of the Sheriffs' Court had been supported in his order, it is manifest that the object of the Legislature would have been defeated. The fact is, the Act is very loosely drawn, and is wholly silent as to whether there should be a fresh summons issued when an instalment has not been paid up. Being defective in this re spect, every one would have supposed that the general principles of law should prevail, and that a person should not be condemned unheard. But Lord DEN* MAN'S wisdom flew off at a tangent, and, setting this reasonable inference aside, held a new summons un necessary, fearful that, if it were, debtors might abscond. Whether this be likely to be the effect of the decision of the Common Pleas or not is beside the point; but it is curious reasoning for the Chief Justice of the Queen's Bmich, in order to supply an omission in a statute, to supply it by confirming a power assumed in an inferior court, adverse to the liberty of the subject. If we are to have stringent powers, let them be un equivocally conferred by law ; we seek not to be indebted for them to the constrained fancies of any judge. We agree, however, with Mr. Justicd COLT MAN, that defendants, on receiving notice, would not get out of the way, as the sums sued for are generally of so small an amount; it was not like the Act for abolishing arrest on mesne process, under which the debts might constitute an inducement to parties to abscond. Letters from Rome, dated the 27th ult., state that the Rev. Dr. MILEY and Mr. DANIEL O'CONNELL had arrived there, bearing with them the heart of the late Mr. O'CONNELL, enclosed in a silver urn. "No words can describe," say those letters, " the grief and disappointment that was experienced at the announcement of O'Connell's death. A triumphal entry was prepared for him. The compartments of the arch under which he was to pass were re , :dy, and every other arrangement made to receive him, rather as a prince than as a pilgrim. The stroke which crushed all our hearts has deranged all this, and the gl , )wing enthu siasm which busied itself about his triumphal entry sorrowfully but earnestly engaged in preparing for the grand requiem which is to be celebrated for his eternal repose on the 15th June in one of the chief Ba silicas of Rome. Padre Ventura, the brightest ornament of the pulpit in Italy, is preparing the funeral oration. An audience is to be granted to the Rev. Dr. Mile) and Mr. Daniel O'Connell immediately on the return of Pius IX. from Suliaco, for which place his Holiness started this morning at three o'clock, Half Rome has followed him. The Pope's own suite and guard wee.• small, but their deficiency was more than compensated for by the sixty or eighty young Roman nobles and gentlemen, who turned out splendidly mounted and appointed as a volunteer body-guard for their Sove reign, who reigns supreme in every heart. His Holi• ness is not expected to return before Tuesday next. In the interim the heart of O'Connell is deposited in the ancient church of St. Agatha, which is served by the Irish college, where, on Monday neat, a solemn re quiem is to be celebrated for the departed. whose death has plunged the venerable prelate, the Very Rev. Dr. Cullen, who presides over the college, and his commu nity into the bitterest grief." The Pors has appointed five new Cardinals, two French (the Archbishops of Cambrai and Besancon), and three Italian—M. ANTONELLI, Treasurer; M. BUFONDI, Prolegate at Ravenna ; and M. FORNARI, the Pontifical Nuncio in Paris." A Berlin letter states that on the 28th ult. the whol of the Court, the Foreign Ministers, and seve ral members of the two Orders of the States of Prussia, had the honour of dining with the KING at Potsdam, in honour of the birthday of the Queen of ENGLAND. This is the first time that this mark of respect towards her Britannic MAJESTY has been shown in Prussia. A letter from Munich, of May 27, says—" The news lately given by the journals, that the KING in tended to separate the administrative power from the judicial, turns out to be exact. Yesterday, the anni versary of the granting of the Bavarian constitution, his MAJESTY, after a Cabinet Council of three hours' duration, gave orders to have this great and salutary measure carried into effect. At the same time the KING issued an ordonnance, enacting that the pro ceedings in all the courts of law, civil and criminal, should be public." We quote the following from the Spener Gazette:— "It is said that the Emperor Nicholas is about to do an act of generosity tovvard, such Poles as have been condemned tor political offences. Those who have bt en exiled to Siberia, and whose estates have been confis cated, are to be allowed to r eturn into the kingdom, and re-enter into possession of their property." The intelligence from Lisbon, brought by the Tiger, the arrival of which at Southampton we an- nounced yesterday, is to the 29th ult. The Bulldog arrived from England on the 27th, and was supposed to bring important dispatches ; among them is said to be an autograph letter from Queen VICTORIA to Queen DONNA MARIA, promising to re-establish her in authority. We hope and believe that such is not the case. The affair of Eu is surely a sufficient ex ample of the complications which must arise from any attempt to settle state affairs by personal and non official communications between constitutional Sove reigns. Colonel WYLDE and the Marquis D'ESPANA had a long interview with the QUEEN on Thursday night, after the arrival of the Bulldog. A letter from Oporto, under date the 22d, contains the following:— " The Polyphemus and a Spanish steamer arrived off our bar at two P.M., yesterday, bringing dispatches for our Consul and Captain Robb, of the Gladiator. The former, in consequence of the nature of these dispatches, requested the heads of all British houses here to wait upon him this day, between the hours of twelve and two, to receive a verbal communication, which was in substance as follows That he had received orders from Lisbon to request of the Junta and of the Conde Das Antas, as commander-in-chief of its army, to agree to a general suspension of the hostilities now carrying on between them and the Queen, both by sea and land; that in the event of its not being acceded to, the Gladia tor would very likely leave the river ; and, therefore, he had to intimate to all those who, under the circum stances, might wish to embark for safety, that every facility would be given them to do so, and that ample accommodation would be provided for them on board the squadron outside the bar, to consist of the Sidon, Gladiator, and Polyphemus steamers, with the American frigate. That this was merely a precautionary measure against any ebullition of angry feeling that might take place, either on the part of the Junta or the people, in consequence of our mediation, as even if the Junta re fused to accede to a suspension of hostilities, it was not yet decided what measures would in consequence be adopted. The suspension to be binding on both parties until answers were received to the dispatches forwarded to the British Government by the Jackal.' I believe froth the Consul and Captain Robb have gone to see the Conde Das Antas at Regoa.” It is .stated that .an the 24th the Mindello and Royal 'Thr.steamers went out of Oporto and attacked the Portuguese frigate Dona Maris Secunda, lying off the bar, which hoisted a Spanish flag, and made off. The steamers afterwards pursued their way west. SA DA BANDEIRA, writing from St. Übes, under date the 26th ult., says— " Yesterday I received two dispatches, dated the 22d iustant, one from Sir Hamilton Seymour, and the other from M. Ay - Lon, in which they informed me that the vessels of war of the two powers which they represented had orders oot to allow the steamers which acknow lodged the autkiority of the Junta to go out of port It lOE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, JUNE 7, 1847. they contained troops, and to prevent them landing any if they were met at sea. "To this I answered, that I would acquaint the Junta of an act of direct and armed intervention in favour of those Rho had destroyed the fundamental laws of the country, a'.d re-established the reign of ab solutism and terror, in opposition to those who de fended the liberties of the country and the constitutional throne of her Majesty Dona Maria Secunda. " Yesterday I wrote to the same effect to the autho rities in the Alemtejo and the Algarve, in order that every preparation might he made effectually to resist any invasion of foreign forces." On the 28th the sound of firing was heard in the direction of St. Übes. The Bulld-g, on the morning of that day sailed for Oporto. The Polyphemus ar rived in the Tagus from Oporto, on the 29th, just before the Tiger sailed. It was said that she brought dispatches announcing that the Junta had acceded to the terms brought out by the Bulldog. On the 27th a pronunciamentu, in favour of the Junta, took place at Coimbra, where between 3,000 and 4,000 have taken arms. Madrid papers of the 29th have been received. The Gageta publishes a royal decree, authorising the importation of flour, grain, and other articles of food, rice excepted, free of duty. The QUEEN was to leave Madrid on the 10th for La Granja. The KING continues at the Prado. SALANIANCA. is recovering from his illness. He visited General SERRANO on the 29th. It is said that -) 000 009 of real* have been advanced by the Bank of San Fernando to defray the expenses of the army invading Portugal. It is said that Generals CASSAZ and Ruiz have re ceived permission to return to Spain, and that a similar permission will be given to Generals LINAGE, IRIARTE, F.TTLER, LEIMERIC K , and SANTA CRUZ. MADRID, BoLsa, MAY 29.—The Three per Cents. e done at 29i for cash ; the Five per Cents. at 181 ; the Four per Cents. at 18 ; the Debt without Interest at 5i ; and the Coupons at 16. We have received the Pitris papers of Thursday. Everything portends a speedy termination of the session. All measures likely to give rise to discus sion are withdrawn, and others, the passing of which are absolutely necessary, are hurried through with all possible haste. On Thursday the sitting of the Chamber of Peers was enlivened by an incident which may lead to the making of important revelations. The Comte DE PONTOIS directed the attention of the Chamber to an article which had appeared in the Presse a few days before, and which accused the Government of having sold a peerage for 80,000 francs. A 3 thi3 scandalous accusation was calculated to throw a slur upon the character of the Chamber, he moved that M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN, Member of the Chamber of Deputies, and responsible editor of the Presse, be summoned to the bar of the Chamber to answer for his offence. The proposition was adopted, but no day was fixed for the appearance of M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN at the bar. On the subject of the recent arrests of Carlist of ficers the Phare de Bayonne has the following:— "Tr - .e Spanish General Afzila and the Colonel of Ar tillery, Don Luis Antonio Garcia Puente, both Carlist .zefugt es, were arrested on the 27th by the 2endarm , rie and the police in a house in this town in which they had secrete themselves. General Juliano Joaquin de Alzaa ii wittiout contra ictio , one of the most invortant n_en of the Carlist party. Ile is still young, has an agre , -able physiognotny, and bears a name unstained by the excesses of the civil war. In the present ,tato et things this capture will probably hive the iintnedian result of dissipating the senseless hopes of the Carlist Guipurzoti, Biscay, and Navarre, and in this sense it is very' important to the Queen's Government. General Alzaa is considered the most intimate confident of the Count de Moritetnolin. Several medals ut the Duke de Borth aux that were seiz.-d on him showed that. he was also in relation with the French I.«..ititnati,ts. Col. L. G. de Puente was a superior employe ttf tr.,: Minis tries ol . St..te and War of Don Carl, s. Some other ar rests are talked ot, but they are those ut obscure re ogees." The Municipal Council of Rouen, finding all its resources exhausted by the necessity it has been under of aiding the poor during the food crisis, and not knowing how to raise a loan to continue the relief which is still indi,pensable, to the extent, it is said , of 600,000 f., has adopted a resolution, to the effect that it is the duty of the Government and the Legis lature to find means of maintaining the poor, either, from the general revenue of the country, or by the creation of new taxes in favour of the municipality. The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on Thur.dry at 78f. 95c. , the Five per Cents., I 171. lOc.: the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,260 f.; Rouen, 970 f ; Havre, 6581. 75c. ; Great Northern, 6081, 75c.; Avignon, 752 f: 50c.; Vierzon, 5921. 50c. ; Basle, 1871. 50c. ' • Dieppe, 315 f.; Paris and Strasburg, 4271. 50c.: Tours and Nantes, 412 f. 50c.; Paris and Lyons, 437 f. 50c.; Lyons and Avignon, 417 f. 50c. ; Cette, 447 f. 50c.; Spanish Active, 35 ; Spanish Do mestic Debt, 29. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK, EXCHANGE, JUNE 4. Paris and Lyons, s . —Rouen a n d Havre, 2514—Sambre and Meuse, 71,4• His Serene Highness the Grand Duke Constantine of Russia, and the Hereditary Prince of Saxe Weimar, will review the Marquis of Londonderry's fine regiment of Life Guards, this morning, at twelve o'clock, in the Regents' Park Barrack-r•quare. COWES, ISLE OF WIGHT. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVALS. May 29. Syren yawl, John Davenport, Esq., from Torquay; Maid of the Mist cutter, Henry Studdy, Esq., from Torquay. 31. Talisman; cutter, Robert Meiklam, Esq., from Cowes L. B. M ac ki nnon, Esq, from the nPet g r l e a ' nder, Esq., from Kings- Esq., from P or tc mou th. twoewj, harbour; untwn. e 1. ar; WitchJulia e Osprey cutter,ut schooner,te rHenryJohn O 3. Antelope cutter, T. D. P. Astley, Esq., from Ryde. SAILINGS. May 29. Gauntlet cutter, W. Yeareth, Esq., for Brighton. YACHTS AT AND ABOUT THE STATION. Cutters—Noran, Turquoise, Lark, Nymph, Maid of the Mist, Talisman, Witch, Syren, and Antelope. Schooners—Maud, and Julia. MARYLEBONE VESTRY. Sir B. HALL, M.P., laid upon the table on Satur day, the copies of the Bill introduced by Lord John Russell, respecting the qualification of electors and the payment of rates and taxes. Also of a Bill in troduced by Sir G. Grey fur amending the Public Baths and Washhouses Bill. And likewise the 212th report of the Metropolitan Improvement Com missioners. REPRESENTATION OF MARYLEBONE. Mr. SALOMONS stated that as a question had arisen as to the legality of his; standing as candidate for the borough, in consequence of his having been so lately the returning officer, the sheriff hld resolved to take the opinions of Messrs. Pearson, noggins, and Rogers upon the subject, who would give their decision in a few days, to which he would bow, although it should deprive him of the honour that he was so ambitious to enjoy. PUBLIC BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES. Mr. WILLIAMS, M.P., introduced the motion fi r deferring the purchase of a site fur baths and wash houses, until they obtained at least a rough sketch of their plan and estimate. Sir Peter Laurie, Messrs. Nicolay, Salomons, Plowden, and Mr. Peter Laurie, supported the motion. After a long and an exceedingly angry discu, , sion, during which offensive personalities were freely bandied about for upwards of two hours, the debate was adjourned to the 19th, upon the motion of M r . Hickma n; secon d e d b y M r . Mechie. The vestry separated at a late hour. The Office of Comptroller of the Customs at Bor rowstoness having become vacant, has been filled by th, promotion of Mr. David Gay. sub-collector at An •truther, who is succeeded by Mr. Hayton, searcher at the port of Montrose. The Office of Collector `of Customs at the port of Falmouth, Jamaica, has become vacant by the death of Mr. Ashby, and the following promot i o ns have taken place in consequence:— Mr. Robert Gordon, now collec tor, Morant Bay, Jamaica, to be collector at Falmouth. Mr. Owen, now warehousekeeper, Kingston, to be col lector a t M orant Bay. M r . T. Heron, now assistant warehousekeeper, to be w arehousekeeper. It is considered that it will not be possible to bring the " Thames Conservancy Bill" into the shape of an Act of Parliament this session, in consequence of the conflicting interests and opinions to which it has given rise. —Observe r . We believe we may now state, that the session will he brought to a close before the second week in July, the period we indicated last week, and 'lilt the dissolu ti m will immediately follow, should no unforeseen cir cluistance ariso to render its postponement necessary. — Observer. THE SWATARA.—We are happy to state that ar raagements have been completed for the accommodation of the passengers and crew of this unfortunate vessel, and now, when we write, those labouring under fever and small-pox have been either sent to the leVer wards of the workhouse, or to the building recently completed for their reception in a field of Dr. Rogan, adjoining the grounds of the infirmary. Those that are convalescent, and those that have as yet escaped contagion, are provided for in the large tent erected in a field above-the rock. All the pasaen gers have now been removed from the vessel, and preparations have been made for com pletely steaming every part of the hull, which is to be effected under the superintendence of Captain Coppin.—Londonderry Journal. --- COVERED STREET ARCADES AT PARIS.—A huge company, witla a capital of 50,000,00 01 ., has just been formed, for constructing a series of passages courerts from the Boulevard St. Denis to the Place du Chafelet. The company to be calied C. des Coteries du Commerce.—The Budder. MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. (From The Sun of Saturday.) The Cotton market at Liverpool yesterday was steady, but the sales were only 3,000 baler. The sales of the week are 33,340 bales. The stock is 502,270 bales, against 751,060 bales at this time last year; and, upon the whole, priees have ruled much the same as last week. The West India steamer Dee, though not due til early next week, has been rather expected to-day, and we shall have later accounts in a day or two from the United States. The Dee, however, has to take the Sc. Thomas's mail, and therefore many do not look for her before Wednesday. The Bank of England averages, made up for the week to the 29th ult., exhibit a further improvement. The Bank has increwed its advances both upon bills of exchange and Government securities, and is yet stronger in its resources both as regards specie and reserved notes. The active circulation has been diminished a little, but this arises from the reaction after a violent pressure, and the temporary curtailment in trade gent-rally, besides that the season of the year may have something to do with the matter What Sir Charles Wood stated last night in Parliament removes further anxiwy about the renewal of Ex• cht quer-bills, and so iar the Money Market may be re lieved ; but people look still t., the Grain Market and the potato crops es one remaining source of anxiety, but which, we have every hope, wilt soon be removed. The main features in the Bank re turn are these . Notes issued Increase £23,290,420 89,645 Public deposits . Increase Other deposits, b,erease 143,211 Seven-day and other bills, decrease 31.452 Government securities, increase... 148.447 Other si:curities, increase . . 460.262 Notes unemployed, increase 207 635 Bullion .. 10,169 721 Increase The Funds are steady this morning, but there is very little doing. Consols have been 88* to 881 for present transfer, and 884 to 88i for account. Exchequer -bills have risen to 34. and 6s. premium. In the Foreign MarkQt there is but one bargain offi cially noted. Spanish Three pet Cents. raalistd 33g. Rail way Shares are looking firm, although there is not much doing in them. BRITISII FUNDS. ONE CLOSING O'CLOCK. PRILEs. Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities .. • . 87% li 87 Three per Cent. Consols Annuities .. .. 88 Xis 88 New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Anns. 88% 89 89 Long Annuities, Expire Jan. 5, 1860 .. 8 15-16 9 1-16 9 India Bonds, 1,0001. .. .. .. .. .. Ditto, under 1,0001. .. .. .. 2 p Consols for Opening, July 16 .. .. .. 88X X Exchequer Bills. IXd. 2d. 1,0001... .. .... 463 6 p 5001... .. .... 59p Ditto. Small .... 10 p 2 p 88% ONE CLOSI.N O'CL.OOS. PRICES , FOREIGN FUNDS Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent Ditto, Deferred .. Ditto. Three per Cent _ Ditto, for the Account 33% DividendA or. the above payable in London Belgian Four-and-a-Half per Cent .. ?RILES OF RAILWAY SHARES. BUSINESS PAID. DONE AT CLOSING ONE O'CLOCK. " IC k '' • Aberdeen.. 30 • _ Bristol and Exeter .. .. 75 .... 71 ........ 71 Buckinghamshire 61. 45.... 144 di5..... • 6 dis, Eastern Counties .. 20 . 1914 94 ...... • . 19% Ditto, York Extension 734 .... 6%... 6U . East Lancashire .. .. • • • . 17 •• • • •• - Ditto New .. 7 1 4 - East Lincolnshire 64 ...• I , ..dinburgh ..nd Glasgow 59 . Ditto, Quarter Shares .. 1234.... 17 ....... Ely and Huntingdon .. 15 .. Great Northern .. 3% Great North of England . —lOO .... , treat Western .. 85 - Ditto, , ew 444...• llud.lersfleld and Manchester .. lb .... 19 ....... Leeds and Bradford .40 86 Leeds, Dewsbury. & Manchester 3234 . Leeds and Thirek .. 26 .... ......... Ditto, Preference 6 per Cent... 334.... .......... London. Brighton, & , out:. C o ast 50 •• 5334 3 4 /-01111011 North-Western . • 00 .• • • 176 177 Ditto, QviarteriF D tto ditto, New Shares • • .. 2 .... ..... Ditto. 101 shares M. & it. (C) 1 „.„ LoLdon and South. Western 411. Os. 10d... .......... Ditto. New 2734.... 29 , Ditto, Tenths (Consolidated) •• 50 • • • • ... . 5 Ditto. .. .. 5 Lynn and Ely .. 25 .... 264 • • 26 Lynn and Dereham .. 20 .... 204 ..... :'lanchester 111 , 1 Leeds .. • • s 2 . _ Ditto, Thirds (Keg.).. .. —7l. 4a... ••••• • • • •• 14 dis, Manchester and Southampton .. 2 A.diand ..100 Ditto, New • .. .. 36 Ditto, New .. 6 .... 83444 ........ Do., Cousol. Bristol and Birin. Six per Cent. .. • • —lOO .. • • 127 128........ 128 Newcastle and Berwick .. 20 •. • —•••-• • • .. •46 3 4 1 'its°, New .. .. • . 5 7 1 4 6% Norfolk .. . ..100 •• .. 1284 .... • • 128 North British ~ •• 25 32 •• • • 3174 Ditto, Half Shares .. • • • • 124 .......... 1), Li°, t.xtensiun .. .. .......... Ditto, Thirds .. North Staffordshire 7%.... 94 %.. Oxford, Wor'ster. & Wolverhamp. 224.... 13%4 ...• Reading, Guildford, and Reigate 5 .. • • 534 .......... Shrewsbury and Birmingham .. 334 ........ Ditto. Class B .. • • .. .. 3 .... South Staffordshire • . • . .. 21. 125... south Wale, .. • • •• •• •• 10 •• .• South Yorkshire, Doncaster, and Goole .. 2 .... 1 • ........ West Riding Union • . • • .. 4/.25.... Windsor, Staines, &S. Western,. 425. Wilts. Somerset, and Weymouth 20 .... .......... York and Newcastle .. .. 25 .... 3734 34 Ditto, New.. .. .. 10 15 .......... Ditto, Preference 4 .... York and North Midland .. .. 50 .... Ditto. Preference • . 6 - qi...... .... 232 ..... ....... _llB 119...... 177 1:9 - 40% 8% 2% 134 by. .. .. 2% •• •• •• • .• % dis, % dis P 111 4 379 i 15 7 FOREIGN RAILWAYS. Namur and Liege .. • .. 10 .... •.•• •• • Nortn,rn or France .. .. • • 8 .... 12% •••• • . • • Paris and Rouen .. .. • • .. 20 .... 37 ;(, .... Paris and Strasbourg .. .... 4 . ..... Rouen and Havre . .. 20 .... Sambre and Meuse .. 14 .... MINES. Real del Monte, Unrezistered -TT: •. • • 3U •• • • ••• • . PROTEST AGAINST THE THIRD READING OF THE FACTORY BILL. 1. B,cause any legislative restraints imposed on the freedom of adult labour is inconsistent with all sound principle, and with the successful development and ade quate mward of industry. 2. Because a limitation by law of the hours of labour must diminish the profits of capital or the wages of the workmen ; or may probably lead to both these results: in one case discouraging the application of capital to the production of wealth, in another pressing severely on the comforts of the labouring classes ; and in both cases tending to check the progress of important national in terests. 3. Because, so far as such interference with industry raises prices. it must Lecessarily abridge the command which the consumer possesses over the comforts and ❑e ce.,saries of life, whilst at, the same time wages , utfer depression, thus subjecting the working classes► to the doutile evil of lesstaied receipt and of increased expen diture. T 4. Bec a use this Bill is no less opposed to all sound pr.neiple than to all experience ; the periods during which fluctuations of trade compel manufacturers to work short time being invariably periods of depression and privation to the working classes, and there appear ing no prat- . ical difference between a legislative 'educ tion of the hours of labour and that which results from a reduc-ion of demand, excepting that the one pp wee il s from causes which cannot be con:toiled, whilst the other is the grstuitoes act o' the supreme 1(4 , 44 of the State. 5. BeeilUS, at a time when so vast a pinion of British industry is dependent on foreign trade, to impose .41 our home producers artificial restraint, from which their rival. abroad are exempt, is to create an overwhrimin v ano fatsi competition against ourselves, placing at risk our greatest interests. finrncial as well as commercial 6. Because if the productiveness of capAal invested in domestic manufae:ures is lessene by unwise laws, this change cannot fail to operate as a bounty upon the transfer of capital-to foreign countries—a trans'er injii rious to the British producer and consumer, to tie Bri tish labourer and to the employer of labour. 7. Because at all times when di ficient harvests or other causes render an increase d supply of fowl requisite from abroad, an enhancement of the cost of our manu factures must likewise enhance our difficulty in paling for an imposed too 5, tending to tore an export of but lion, deranging our currency, and endangering public and private credit. 8. Because us the restraints of this Bill apply f-xelu sively to labour in factories, whilst labour infinitely more severe and injurious to health is left without allele vim restriction, the consequence must not be not to improve, but to deteriorate the physical condition of th , ‘ working classes. 9. B-cause the enactments of this Bill are founded on the fallacy that it lies within the competency of Parlia ment to give a better protection to workmen in their in dustry than is derived from their own reason and intel ligence, and must also encourage the dangerous delusion that the interests of the employers and the employed are necessarily opposed and conflicting ; requiring the pro tection of the law for the regulation of hours of work, the amount, profits, and the rate of wages—matters de pending upon principles which no direct legislation can reach, and with which no Legislature can intermeddle, consistently either with sound policy or with justice. 10. Because the enactment of the Bill, while appa rently limited to the labour of children and young per sons, practically restrains the profitable employment of adult labour. MONTE A GLE of Brandon, ASH BU RTON, RADNOR, • FOL EY, WROTTE SLEY. WEATHER AND CROPS.--A most favourable seed season was followed, in the early part of May, by un seasonable cold weather, by which the bloom of garden and field was thrown at least a fortnight behind. Within the last ten days, however, the sun has shone out with a tropical lustre • the winds have been warm, and the evenings of a delicious softness, particularly favourable to vegetation. The crops are everywhere described as most promising. Wheat and oats were at one time be hind, but the extraoidinary warmth has now brought them well up. In gardens the crops nf vegetables are abundant and early ; and the earlier kinds are in con stant use at the table. So far a,: we can ascertain, no Symptom of di , ease has a t bet n observed in the potato crops, which, in the gv,rdens, present a rigorous appear auce.—Zaverness Courier. THE CROPS. TO THE EMTOR OF THE SUN. Strt,—l think it is the duty of the press. after what the people have suffered, to seize every oppo)tunity of laying beti,re the public a correct statement of our prospects with reference. to the crops. I believe there are parties mean enough to gve a false appearance in order to get up prices. Having recently travelled a considerable breadth of country, I am hound to say, never, perhaps, were we blest with such a rich pro mise of a h,:untiful harvest. And as to the potato disease of which v‘e hear so much, I believe it exists more in the imagination than in fart. Let us thank God, and take courage. A better day is coming.—Yours, A CONSTANT READER. Rochdale, June 4, 1847. TO THE EDIrOR 0F THE SUN. SIR —The dawning of elective commotion again begins to arrive—music mid the r.,bhle parading the streets, flags displaying, the " minions of corrup tion," at work in alinoar every street ; and in the pot houses and way-side innumerable instances of intoxication and debauchery—these are the elements which already present themselves in this borough anticipating the approach of a disso . lution of the Commons. The price, likewise, passed as current as at. a shamble, at 201 to 2.5/. Itt-all2, ! the cont.-m -plation of such Acene4, as the sources of our Legis lation is enough to disgust any reasonable mind in the ninereenth century. Our inference presents its , If strongly to notice, in respect of the deport. 'tient of ca.iiiiidates for sears ; viz. that those who buy must sell, and that Halls of Westminster vie with the Exchange. Be as it may, such a state of things is too bad, as rfgards the public credit, their morals, and their welfare, in this enlightened age. I merely pass these hints, trusting the press may give it notice, if possible check the spreading evil, and most urgently the question, whether a better state of things cannot be obtained. The basis of qualification is unquestionably both • unjust and false. The press has its duties; and begging your attention to it, I am, Sir, your obedient servant, Penrvn awl Falmouth, W. June 2, 1847. TO Tllk EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—Thft Governmtnt introducrd a Railway Bill in the bi ginning of tne session of such a nature, that the railway dire ctors who could be assembled in town imme diately met, and had various intervieas with Lord John Russell, the Chanceller of the Exchequer, and the Com missioners of Railways. That Bill was withdrawn; but another has been introduced, which stands for second reading on Monday, the 7th inst., and which is not less objectionable in priociple and in detail than the first. In connexion with a large body of railway directors aid proprietors, we have well con,idered the provisions of this second Bill. In our view they tend so seriously to endanger the security and to depreciate the value of railway property, whine at th e same time they so lime 1, re with that freedom of action, which is indispenstible to the efficient management of railways, that we feel it to be our duty to invite 3ou to aseist us in opposing it etf-ctually, and to urge your representativ, s in the House of G.mmons to at , end there on Monday ni-xt, and to protect the great interests at stake in that Bill. We are, Sir, your very obedient servants, G 14:0 It GEHUDSON, Chairman of MidNA, ut Eastern Counties, &c., wa) Companies. GEORGE CARR GLYN, Chairman (.f Lono , _:n and North-Western Railway Company. CII A IILES RUS‘•ELL, Chaim an of ,re>tt Wes -rn RAdway Company. EDMUND DENIt,ON, C . :airman of Grp -.it Noohern Rail way Company. J. J. HOPE JOHNS TONE, Chzt: man cf ralthdon 311 Rotw.:y omoany. JA ‘tEti MACG EG ('hArtnan itt E.ht..r, Rattvi-0,) ( (.mp , tny. HENRY IiOUI.DsWORTiI, Chuirloan of Man-t.. , ,r.p. A/Hi Leed, R ailway CompaNy. W. J. CHAP!.IN, hiorman of Loodoil and South-Western Ri.tilway Compkwy. 25, P.A . lniwent. : tre-t. Westtnin,er, 4th Ju.. 1847 THE POTATO CtiOPS. T— AD11•401? t!F I lib, SV.N. Sin,-1 int , nth try of la) Jog bt ture you a rcw f.et, repr,,ing tne polatt, crops in this part of ti.e cowirr This morning a oraefical f.thnirr in the upper knds of Ilfr-W , hire, who Not sevt rely Iron) the tututo tiisrns:- or last se-,son. t.:ld tut- that to pla ,, ted this sea , tm ten kiere a,ti a hale , t:tid in s I his t xperienee ns s ;lirmer he had n, v r se , n do . p tat.. I, nk so well, so Leah hy,nd su v,go, , us tis it does this SPLLS:,(I. veral l'arm,rs to this ne,ehhourhood all concur if, that •heir prospects neve were mote cheerm , 4, and toe he4uti:ul w2atoer that has now st't in gives their fi.ltis a healthy and fiesh appearance that hate was ex ; ; enter: three w.. k, ago. I mas also state that the gadens are Ltoking remark- Mal% well; a v. ry large crop of apples, pear., and berries are ci,lculated upon, as well as ail kinds of Bard. n produce. I have no int, rest vv htitcwr in giving you a good or :} la, , d Import rugarding the rtato, olds in tit) tar as I have suffer, din my business fr , n2 the failure in the crops, and it is pleaiinz indeed to have to stay, that in lit•nfrew slim., up to this date, lot the slightest a) tnptnm of tiq potat,, dist:use 114 s made its kppeuralice, so far as I have heard.—l remain, it•ir, your ob. dicta servant. - A CONSTANT READER. P.S.—lt was in Renfrewshire last par where the potato rot first made its appearance, and a shrewd ma:; in the grain trade instantly set off for Ireland, bought up gra;u largely at a kw figure, and realised a large fortune; his brother, iu the same trade, is building a coach house, and in a few weeks his wife and family will roll in their carriage. Shame for Paisley! the grain trade has enriched a Paisley body. Paisley, 2d June, 1847. WHITE AND BROWN BREAD. TO 7HE EDITOit tIF THE S:J.N. SIR,—In your paper of the Ist instant, there are some very exitellent editorial remarks . upon Professor Johnston's essay "On the Nutritive Quality of the Bread now in Use." The information contained in that essay cannot be too widely di , seminated, as it would tend to remove many very c mnion and erroneous prejudices. A medical gentleman of my acquaintance, who has paid great attention to this subj.-et, informs me that he always uses household bread, made at a corn-factor's in S:. Giles's. That when he eats this bread for breakfast, he requires no luncheon ; but that when he eats the common white bread, he always requires some re freshment at noon. • He thinks the vulgar prejadi,,e in preferring the white bread, is one great cause of weakness and formity in the limbs, so very common amongst the children of the labouring classes in this great metro poli‘, inducing the disorder called rickets. Brown bread is verN much more nouri Ling than white, and contains a mlich larger quantity of phos phorate of lime, which is ti - ,e principal constituent of bone. Children in the c wnty, who usually eat brown bread, are less sub ect to this deformity of the th , ugh ofTen residing in a unalarious atmo, phere. It mipht be desirable to change the usual terms of bread, and call white the worst, and bro%n the best.—l am, Sir, yJur obedient servant. BEST BROWN. FASHIONS. (Fri pm tie Lady's New paper) The fgiley et the Parisi in eontutieresis at work c: he I...ve;:tioil .o a new lorm of slet,e. We r. gr.-t •. observe s . ympt-ms ut H rem!, to iull •Irvves—that is to . say, slrever, fall st the ,houl•lrrs. N .thonz. certl•n; , can be more unbecoming% or more euleu4ved ru fit,figuro the finest !ow. le form. The skirt. U , continue v.-ry wide and very long; d, mulch too loot; for wailong. To remody the o.eonveniet•ee of the,e long , irt ,, sscfs. %then worn out of doors. a s Tr. of brooeh has hen intr Aueed in Paris, tor the purpose of gathering u , ) the skirt of the dress on .nie or both sides. The collars worn with high dresses are exceedingly .mall, anti are sterped so as to tit closdy round the :hroat. The needlework which adorns tte in is exquisite, hith as to di eign and execution. Very small cuffs of ' , I orked muslin ate stnneiimes seen turned up on the sleeve ; but the cuff most generally worn consists of narrow edging of werked n,usiin, or a pie e of lace set on full, and falling over the hand. F o r home rieglige canezous of worked muslin are sery rierilly worn. Msntelets of worked mmilin, trimmed with white lace, gre in preparation. but their appearance will, of course, he deferred till the wr.rin days of summer. For those of our fair readers, who are unfortunately under the necessity of wearing mourning, we subjoin the following remarks : Though mourning admits of comparatively little variety, being subject to certain laws of convention and usage, yet it nevertheless has its little changes, a few of which we will endeavour to point out. For do ep mourn irg and neglik4, high dresses of merino cashmere are alone worn. They may be trimmed with crape, or with a sort black ps,sementerie, now made expressly for mourning. A material somewhat more elegant, and like- wise worn in deep mourning, is coaled barpour. It is twilled tissue, composed of a mixture of wool and silk. The dresses made of barpour ar e hi g h to the ihroat, or nearly se, and the sleeves are plain and tight to the arms. For full dress, the skirts may be flounc e d, each flounce being edged with crape ; h the corsages half-high, and the sic eves delniat merino under.cash sleeves m of ere, n wil of crape. Shawls for nrgli g edged with crape or fringe; or, fih two d ira superio r st yl e or :i e lk P , costume, a mantelet of crape, e it o v ro worna n t s. The mantelet may be e ith er l i ned with thin unlined. A high dress, either of barpour or silk, is trimmed up the front with ornaments oda. For very deep moure' of passementerie med with crape, are indispensabletrim mourning, For more slight black feathers, crepes,. and black flowers with bugles may be a • prioriately substituted for crape. ( F i t o i c r y dfu some o te e ss r e n r - i y o u r b n e illugtifuirefeahtahveers lactneilly called !intro , e sau es, or consisting of ,maitie la l and very li g ht o s tri c h pl umes , craped, and bespangled with lk; _aymakin g h as comunlieed in this netzhbourbood, several fields or grass having been cut during tfe pas, week. In B,..tne few inNtances the crop, which is good, his been as cured.--Wilts Indopendent. COURT CIRCULAR. The Qieen held a Court on Saturday at Buckingham Palace. His Royal Highte ss Prince Oscar of Sweden sit? Vt' seated to her Majesty w an audience by Viscount r of merston, G.C.8., her Maj sty's principal Secretsri lona 0 '; State ter Fereign Affairs. and conducted by Ce r lion. S•r Edwsrd Oust. K.C.H. her Majesty's Mask th, Cowry nies. His R highness was attended b; Neel de Behausen, Swedish Charge d'Affeiri e t he C . ol nee B•rkeley Drummond. Groom Wanting juh n, end also by Captain Haffner, of the we' Rotel Navy. Lord T.:e Qasen was attended by Lord Camoys, ~, Wahine, and Major the lion. A. N. Hoed , Grue " . Wal'inte visited oo Her lee) al IJighness the Duchess of Kent Qteet: and Prince A .bert on Saturday. Vise. tint Pai:eerston had en audience of her w."'sjeg on Saturiety. L's Hi- Reyal H. hoes- Prime Albert. atteniled en the n. A. 11. Gordon, visited is Royal Ilig7 t e ee Piene.e Oscar of Sweden on Saturday afternoon, la te re•-ide nee et' the Swtclish Charge d'Affae its, in Ba t street West. ghs° Tee R•.) al dinner perty on Saturdey, at Buckle of her Rey 1 Highness the Duehe.seis K. iit, his Weal Higeness Prince Oscar of Swedeetiee, erere Ilieen. se fte Prim-of Leinieeen. B erea du e h Ara hausen. Sweei , -11 Cesar e- d'Affaires ; th e Sutherland, Viscount P e lmetston, Earl si re ' Geerge Letanex, Captain Haffner , Aide.elteCatoP Prince/sear. and Colonel Be kelet Drummond.- d uring The band of the Coldstreem Guards atten dl " l ea% diner in the Palace, and performed the &lai n- pieces Gran,' Fineasia from " Gustave."—Atth er • Wel z. The Garlend."— Kt:2 , 4e Verd i ' Ceverine, •' La mis Le iXer" (I Lembardi).--- Polka. " The Csimelia-."—Jullien. Qeadrille from e Don Pasquale."—Conte. A frit ° Sherly before eight o'clock the Quee n 811- tn Alb rt, and their Illuetrieus Vieiters, left the POO:ribe five earn Lges for her Majesty's Theatre, to heill ° tformalice with their piesence. ty t he The August party centisted of her Moeee or* Qu• en, his R ttrd Highness Prince Albert, her' 1 1 00 Highness the Duchess of Kant, his RoYal e f l e g tt e Prince Ocar of weden, his Serene Thigi'Ve ss e ebeer Prince of Leiningen. Baron d e Reeausee, the e e' - ene en o f Sutherland, the Vise-untess Jocelyn. Ea rl e P C lo s Lady Augusta Bruce, Baroness de Speth. rea"-' Lei" line Cocks, Hoe. Miss Paget, Lord CannlYttn. George Lennoi, Captain Haffner, Major the gas Lord N. flood, Colonel Berkeley Drummond. Paget. and Captain the Hon. A. H. Gordon. 1 000 0 Yesterday morning her Majesty and her 1 1( 1 sort, took their usual early walk. le s s Tri lj sses e,e e. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wa d'- Alfred, the Princess Royal, the Princess Alice, c e Princess Helena took their accustomed airineo• f geOG The Queen and Prince Albert, the Duchess of the Prince of Leiningen, the Ladies ands Gelitlepivili° the Court, and the Domestic Household ate,,,lleviu.4lol2 service yesterday in the Private Chapel in Pli c "e Palace. The Hon. and Rev. C. Leslie Courtellisi Meted. n stael • His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke 'A, - die, of Russia, att en d e d by Vice-Admiral de Lut"e'depP with her M a j e sty th e Queen Dowager on Spil l. v ied Marlborough House. At eight o'clock the a l/ Italie, party left Marlberoueh House for the rt e n Y t — e F e e Opera 110'1.e to honour the performance wit","ipseity sense. The Reyal party consisted of her in i tiGre°' Queen Dowager, his Imperial Highness th e 1 001 Duke Constantine. of Russia, their Roya l °g ees° 'he Hereditary Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of Saxe Weimar. the Count. Brownlow, the C' ti- Coll°' Assenburg, Earl Howe, Vice-Admiral Lutke, t de Beset, and Bareness de Zigesar. His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Cl spo e DIL I° and Suite dined with their Royal Higlinesse!,'ineeide" and Duchess .of Cambridge yesterday at. use Ilig .ll „ s e,' - Peince Oscar of Sweden visited her FAYe I ti•.e tl e Mich, ss of Kei:t on Saturday, at Clarene e e e gsr. - St. James's, Yesterday the Prince, attended 'I d CAP ' de Retiareen, Colonel Berkeley Drummond, a nd tats Haffeer, peid visits to her :Majesty the Qu ee , tic este h ager, a Marlborough Ileuse; Duchess of Gi ° , COO; at Gloucester Hous. ; the Duke and Duchessetio 0 ' beidee. at Cambridge House; and also to the Leiniegen. grog •• Saturday was the birthday of his Majesty die ye 10 rlenov. r. His Exeelleney Count Keilmensegiritsillt Majeste's Representative at the Court of Great hi§ pr gave a grand dinner in honour of the a h t h a ws eidenee, in Grosvenor-place. His Revel Iligeeeen eeeltt Duke of Cambridge, atteeded by 13.4,r011 li iw" _ A hene ured his Excellency with his company . 0 0 The Duchess of Kent visited the Queen Dow" Saturday. Etl ei° l'he Duchess of Cambridge, attended by Mr- j o be r elildmay, honoured the Royal Italian Opera prerenee on Saturday evening. their 6 P- 40 1 Her Majeete the Queen Dowager, and Highnesses the Hereditary Grand Duke end e 0 0 e .ter Duchess of Saxe W( imar, attended avine servi e !)-' ea) , morning in the Chapel Royal, St. James to ,3510 prayers were read by the Rev. G. Repton, the ies°,.. ° „ th e th. it.v. T. Helm.. re, and the communion service ul t ee Rev. Dr. Wesley. Tne sermon was preached b 5 26; Rev. lir. Hook, who took his text from Acta, clUst a d" rse 28. The anthem, " Ascribe unto the vi,lo. (T• avers),_ was sung by Messrs. Luckey and M s re' Sir George Smart presided at the organ. Th w e 8 , 1- 01; trieut was administered by the Rev. Dr. 'Lie The Bishop of Norwich and the Dean of He'"lo the Clerk mod Deputy ,:lerk of the Close t we ' - $O O waiting. The Countesses Brownlow and Assenbunreio Howe, Count de Bent and Baron de Zieg esar vi ebe ee waiting on her Majesty and their Royal OO P * th 9 The Dukes of Wellington, Rutland, and St. uchess of St. Albans, and the Countess trey'. D 01 , attended the early service. The Rev. Dr. W,,,0cb541 rninietered the Sacrament. The sermon wa s by the Rev. Dr. Hook. hello ol The Hereditary Grand Duke and Grand es.,eph Saxe Weimar, attended by the Countess of •P'siasjetg and Count de Brust, visited and inspected the Gallery on Saturday. A pocbel, Her Royal Highness the Hereditary Gra ti- elisblie of Saxe Weimar and Suite, honoured the est•Norel'o of Messrs. Hunt and Roskell with a 1 454 ° afternoon. $ a A Cabinet Council was held at three (MCA Z e iste v i , day afternoon, at the Fereign-office. T he - ce ll" CO P Sit present were Lord John Russell, the L ord the Ma: quis of Lansdowne, the of e George Grey, the Earl of Clarendon , V is ee cu- e ire 4 l °e-' inerston, Eat I Grey, the Chaneelh rof the Calera •he :earl ut Auckland, Sir Join Flontieuee, fill r ar ee, t ec " bell, Viscount Morpeth, the Marquis of Clnur in gete lion. T. B. Macaulay, and the Right Labouctiere. Th., Couneil eat two hours. Tenn a nt, Mr. Wilson Patten. M.P , and Mr. kl• re F-0 - ef ~G eregow, had an interview with the Right itue°,ll:;epers ,rutt on Saturdae, at the office of . the Cow tation from the London blissional $ 1 1; leg of Mr. Rube t L'llairtn an ejeter ift e I , .8.. Buzz tcott Charles, t lt o n e g v 0 % 1 ;1: ( c l n , u te r . s4( v ,3 . l.. . a l E . t. J tn . Bo Fr ill e t s ,, it , i e.n.ffi t icate i an interview wit h t h c e e , st i }: o e u :::iii a w g 'nn o r Si ,t u :e t i te :l o h v i ini a e ea d i S r . o a a p tw n u o ir l tti l i haYeir Cle°ll. pt. 'O 4 : y:sjini . f . Mor . peth, on Saturday, at the office of 11 ;4itr J all _itt: ,, mtnisatenees of Woods and Forests, in Vit; The deputation consisted of eleO r t:erli edell. and Piper, on the part of the Ba t Memirs. H. Biers and Stephens 0 ' asterielr. T ‘' . a ti g punters' rtiii el B . P e ! and Mr. E. Rice, M.P. P" E ti r. ° : eiternew en Saturday with the Right Hon. E. Strov Mr. • ennent and Mr. H. Moncrietr, of Glasgow' tut rvleW with Sr George Grey, at the Home oen Saturd y. Mr. Cunard had an interview with Ettri tn G atne r r e l y —i , : ° wll;; tuntay, at the Colonial Office. THE 4TH OF JUNE AT ETON.—This annual ' eg Ottil took place on Friday, and was attended by the ti,llowincecil, iinguished visitors : Viscountess Exmouth, lord Sid Lord Bateman, Mr. W. Miles, M.P., Sir H. Fi lm r " f,t; Wygram, Sir R. Sheffield, Mr. S. D.. vies, Sir E. E. P. Turner, the Hon. Mr. Russell, Sir R. and I.eaY,. he the Hon. Mr. and Mrs. Ashley, Lord BurghleY , '" ot tat e- Mr. Lysaght, Captain Lempriere Viscount and Vise d Dadi Castlereagh, Lord and Lady Guernsey, Sir J. j ororc e rj Clifton, Lady Bruce, Lord St ra th more , the Delta of IA ) s ter and Lady, L ely Clive, Lord A. Filitclare n ;o oo Uxbridge. Lord Wilton, the Earl of Munster, .; serer f S o j r ' d fl , n es Sir, i C t a . p i t ,i a g it o l t P t, i E tt ,, R ri o G se r , an L v ( ii r l d e St'hueffive Lord ford, Sir U. I'igott, Earl Granville, the VicerovosL .rdorVe°,l.lll' l and family, Lord Drumlanrig, Rev. G. DuradG.re ingtoo, Rev. C. W.Knyvett, lien. Ma'or Boyle , I, l'. terb lP ' s ; Sir %V. W. Wynn, lion. J. 'Donald Viscount velld„,ko;,, Rev. J. Hawtrey, Hon. and Rev. H. C. Cost arid tbort r , Maria Gust and family, and the Rev. S. flawtr e Y,,n . ed• before seven o'clock, the boats, excellently the — i n W e i', captains in full naval costume, and the Crew s . - s Of uniforms, started from the Brocas amidst the chs— s by if.- 0 assembled spectators, preced e d in two large shal l°P sarlef . ~ Old o f els splendid baud of th e I st Lif e G uar d s , for The splendid cold collati on , o f w hich a large Pe rt iore friends of the ca pt a i ns o f the boats and their orew: ba Doe o , vited to partake, havi ng been speecily dispatc hed q returned to Windsor-uridge, where they a rriv ibell t t before nine o'clock. A gra nd pyrotechnic disp la Y f place from the ey o t opp os ite the Brocas, the bands . 0 dote , s bor , Life Guards and the S c ots Fusileer Guards perturniivg fri‘ the fete, which terminated at ten o'clock. 0 0 A SUICIDE OF A STEAM BOAT CAFTAx , ••"" PI , a day morning Mr. Thomas Green, the master of the in th - Richmond steam-boat, was missed from his berthfor vessel, where he usually slept. Search Was ma de l ,, A • bel ) and two letters were found on tha cabin tablein COO; writing. Offe was addressed to Mr. Hancock, ot A ll ott, wall-road, Lambeth, the owner of the steamer, artu.„aeelf to his mother. The contents showed that he wee turbed in his mind, and declared his intention a co- 0 ,00 suicide. The drags were procured, and search o as t beeo" the body of the unfortunate man, which has not Y e ' o olf covered. He was appointed master of the steame r os atir t ; fortnight ago, and his appointment seems to be, iv ett some jealousy among the steam-boat people on thes._...ll consequence of his not having been a mate previou nO a fteri 3 "4 ACCIDENTS ON THE RIVER.—On Friday bawl;, B al e two gentlemen, intent on Pleasure, took boa t at Cbridg.e, proceeded thence to Putney ; but on reaching the . schi c a surf raised by a stiff nor'-wester filled their bolt 7 fro m ,ank instantly, and they were with difficulty resetlesivan watery grave by the prompt exertions of F. ree e betv/ - 0 was sblif;ls,o be Phelps, watermen, of Fulham. At the same o f t er Putney and Hammersmith bridges, Mr. Fiel d : o 'o4 l 4.. Guards' Club, adventured his person in a ligr,A to sr..,e ,:cullers' boat; but, after rowing a mile, cumb to the waves, his boat filling, and Mr. Fr e ' la dicr ol ; compelled to swim for it. There was more of tu ow ers A s o than the terrible in this occident, as, from his P enc e Ti swimmer, if. was evident that no fatal coPe e q a likely to QM. -~