The Sun. — London, England, 1847-10-11 00:00:00

4:4;.iwsbe.l Y'l{ld QUARTER'S REVENUE. FROM THR MORNING PAPEUS OF THIS DAY. MES.—The twelvemonth just ended, consti g a financial as well as an agricultural year, will be remembered for the very unfavourable cha- T of its commercial and physical circumstances. rexcepting the casuality of a war actually raging within our borders—a disaster happily now unknown to these islands—it would be difficult to imagine events more likely to disturb the operations of the merchant, and the plans of the financier, than a fearful deficiency in the food of man, and simulta_ neously an unprecedented increase of that sort of employment which most draws upon the chief necessaries of life. Such has been our condition the last year, and the wonder is that it has not told with more striking effect on the statement of the revenue made up to last Saturday night. The public usually look with some anxiety to the revenue accounts, as an index to the prosperity of the country. They expect to read in these figures the state of our commerce, manufactures, and con sumption. The index would be very imperfect if we did not also read in it the visitations of heaven, and the madness of man. Accordingly the railway mania, and the failures of the potato and the cotton crop, could not but have some effect on the revenue state ment which appears in our columns this day. On the Customs there has been a decrease for the quarter, compared with the corresponding quarter last year, of no less than 374,191/. Several circum stances however, particularly the receipt of a consi derable sum on the importation of corn, raised the former quarter above its natural average. It was an extraordinary quarter. The comparison is, therefore, unfair. Not a sixpence has been received in the quarter just ended for the importation of grain. Clearing away those articles which disturb rather than enter into the comparison, all that can he said of the quarter just ended is, that it presents no improve ment upon the corresponding quarter last year. This, however, only shows that, from accidental reasons, there has been no increase in the quantity of articles liable to duty actually entered for consumption. The importation and the consumption of sugar, coffee, cocoa, and foreign spirits have undergone a very great increase this year, tea alone standing still. On the whole year just ended, compared with the year ended October 10, 1846, there has been an increase of 267,2241. The Excise, as being - less exposed to the play of mere speculative causes, and as bearing almost directly upon the consumption of certain articles of luxury or general utility, is usually con sidered the truest barometer of the national pros perity. Here there has been a decrease on the quar ter, as compared with the same quarter last year, of no less than 641,9801. Owing to the credit given in the Excise, the effect on the revenue is always at least a quarter after the cause. The decrease in this quarter's Excise, therefore, is owing to a dimi nished consumption in the earlier part of the year. In consequence of the high price of barley, the malt charged for Excise during the first six months of this year was less by eight million bushels than during the same period last year. This alone would make a difference of about 750,0001. in the Excise ; 500,0001. of which tells in the present returns, the remainder being left to the statement that will appear January 5, 1848. There is also a decrease of nearly two million gallons in the British spirits charged to the Excise for the same months, rather more than half of which decrease tells in the present return, to the amount of 240,000/. The decrease of Excise from malt and spirits would lead to a still lar.;er decrease than we find on the quarter. But there has, on the other hand, been a consider able increase in the consumption of bricks, glass, and some other articles, which has reduced the decrease to a somewhat less formi.lable figure than it would otherwise have presented. The decrease on the whole year is only 159.9141. In the Stamps, Property-tax, Crown Lands, and " Miscellaneous" heads we have an aggregate decrease of about 250,0001. on the quarter. The first of the above probably in dicates a decrease of specul ition. The decrease on the whole year is 1,042.268/. ; and, as the former Sear enjoyed the benefit of that windfall, the " China money," to the amount of 968,1031., it may be considered that the ordinary revenue of the two years ending respectively October 10, 1846, and October 10, 1847, are as nearly equal as may be. With regard to the two quarters ending at those dates, we should be thought rather bold if we attempted to make out a shadow of equality between the results, when the de crease in the statement is no less than 1,507,2301. If, however, we deduct from that sum extraordinary items that do not depend on the fluctuations of trade, the total decrease is reduced to that we h ave described on the Customs and Excise. In both these instances, the decrease has been referred directly to the high price of grain, which in the one case compelled a suspension of the duties imposed by the Corn Impor tation Act, and in the other diminished the consump tion of malt and spirituous liquors. The decrease on the quarter's revenue is, then, nothing more or less than the record of the famine. So far, therefore, and on the face of this statement, we do not see any cause for complaint. At least, we see no cause whatever to doubt the wisdom and necessity of the recent great commercial reforms. It is evident the general con sumption of comforts and luxuries has increased in spite of a calamity which threatened to preclude the workman man from any other outlay except for the mere preservation of his existence. With the exception—the very serious exception—that the labourer apparently has been sadly cut down in his beer, there has been, and is still, a decided incr ease in the c onsum pti on o f comforts and luxuries. It is by no means our object, however, to hide the dark side of our affairs, and direct attention to spots of flattering but deceitful promise. 'We cannot forget that there are some features in the commercial his tory of the year, no longer recorded in the accounts of the revenue, of a peculiarly inauspicious character. The immense decrease in the importation of the raw materials for manufacture, and consequent decrease now showing itself in our exports, threaten a serious diminution of the wealth, the credit, and the happi ness of the country. Our capital, spent in the una voidable purchase of foreign supplies, and in railways that will not for many years add to our resources, has been withdrawn to a most alarming extent from those reproductive investments on which all countries, and most particularly this, mast depend for the main tenance of their ordinary well-being and power. CHRONICLE.—The decrease on the year amounts to 1,042,2681., and on the quarter to the large sum of 1,507,2301. This latter deficiency will be found to be made up for the most part by the Customs, on which the falling off is 374,1911.; by the Excise, 641,9801. ; by miscellaneous sums of 104,784/. ; and by the cessation of the China money payments, 227,644/. On examination we find that nearly a million of the deficiency upon the year is accounted for, by the China money being no longer receivable ; by a large sum for repayment of advances ; and by a falling off of the items of Excise and miscellaneous receipts. On the other hand, we have an increase on the year in the receipts of Customs, Stamps, Taxes, Property -tax, and Post-office, which last it is satisfac tory to observe is steadily increasing in amount. But the statement as regards the quarter is by no means so satisfactory. The chief items of decrease are the Customs and Excise ; the first of which has lost to a considerable extent by the free importation of grain, and the latter by the high price of barley, which has kept the maltsters from the market to wait for better times and lower prices. The consumption of sugar in breweries too has probably, (luring the particular period alluded to, in some degree diminished the re ceipts of duty from malt. HERALD.—It would have been strange, indeed, if the Revenue for the quarter just closed had not exhibited some of the results of the pressure which has been felt in the commercial world for the last six weeks. We willingly admit that the defalcation is not larger than might have been expected. The total decrease of the Revenue for the year ended on Saur day last, when compared with that of the previous year, is 1,042,268/ . Th e t o t a l d ecrease f or the quar ter,r compared with the corresponding period of last year, a ounts to 1,507,230/. The decrease in the Custom s r eceipts for th e quarter is 374,1911.; in the Excis e , 641,b80/ • ; in the Stamps, 66,4191.; in Taxes there i s an i n receipts th ere is of 3,945/. ;in the Property-tax a a d ecrease red of 53,483/. ; i n the Post office Depart ment e account it is g i ven f or th e i ncrease o f 5,0001.; Cr own L ands and the Miscellaneous eea decrease of 45,000/. ; ntexhibits a falling off which reaches 104,784/. o un ui ti c i l the present gloom continue, as som e p re di ct, after Christmas, w e an may expect to see, i n January,account still more unfavourable than the present. The Whigs seem to be meeting with their usual luck in financial affairs. That yanipf our luck, we mean, which induced one wealth acquaintance to say, in 1846, " The moment the Whigs fairly seated in Downi ng - s t reet, I wroteatwa my broker, and desired him to sell out every penny I had in Consols. I alwaye do so. On the other hand, whenever I see the Whigs turned out, and a Con servative Administration taking their places, I in stantly buy in. I find this so infallible a rule, that I never hesitate. It always answers." In the present case, however, should matters so turn out, and should the Whigs succumb at last, as in 1841, to financial difficulties, their fate will be richly deserved, for their folly will have been of the most gratuitous kind. They will sacrifice their prospects, not by a resolute adherence to their own policy, but by their perti nacity in clinging to the nostrums of their antagonist. The currency fancies of Sir Robert Peel, which they might have allowed to rest as a dead weight on his own shoulders, have been preposterously taken up by them, and thus they will suffer martyrdom for an other man's heresy! Surely they will obtain no pity, as they will deserve none! Why cannot they discern so plai n a proposition as this ;—that t h e mercan til e firm, or the na ti on, w hi c h eager ly en deavours to oincrease its trading concerns, and yet binds up all the while its pecuniary means in an un natural and absurd constraint, is sure to meet with frequent and serious calamities. To en- ViTE SIM, __LONDON, THE CAUSES OF OUR TRADE EMBARRASSMENTS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE MORNING POST. Sir,—While the daily disasters among commercial houses of the highest standing sufficiently attest the severity of the present crisis, and the ruinous depre ciation in the market value of almost every article of commercial property, threatens a still greater aggravation of our present difficulties, it is alarming to hear the Finance Minister of the country talk of these things in a tone of self-complacent confidence, as if there were really nothing unusual or distressing in the state of affairs. It is much to be lamented that such an error should exist in such a quarter. I think, however, that your columns will be more profitably occupied with an inquiry into the causes of the fearful embarrassments of trade which justly fill us with consternation, than with a controversy as to a matter of fact which is so palpable. The causes assigned are various, viz. the Banking Bill of '44, the railroad expenditure, and the dis proportion between imports and exports under free trade. The Bill of '44 involves questions so recondite, that we find the highest authorities differing in opinion respecting it ; and it would be presumption to dogmatise upon a measure relating to the theory of money upon which such men as Lord Ashburton and Mr. Jones Loyd are opposed. The Bill having been in operation since 1844, we are justified in pass ing by the discussion of abstract principles in order to test it by its effects. The author of the measure recommended it to Parliament as an effectual check upon excessive speculation, and a safeguard against the recurrency of monetary crises. Has it accomplished these objects ? The almost unprecedented embarrassments under which every branch of business is now labouring sufficiently proves that the Bill is powerless for the objects con templated by its author. It is asserted, no doubt by its advocates, that but for this Bill commercial dis tress would have been even greater than it now is. This, however, is altogether a gratuitous assumption. It cannot be denied that, both in intensity and dura tion, our present difficulties have perhaps never been exceeded; and if the Bill has proved impotent for good, are we sure that it has been equal so for evil ? May it not be charged with protracting the monetary pressure by paralysing the elasticity of credit ? As an unbiassed observer of events, pretending to nothing deeper than a common-sense view of the question, I have felt considerable distrust of the Procrustean scale of issues which prescribes one unvarying mea sure under every possible contingency which the exi gencies of trade may create. The amount of the circulating medium, I presume, ought to bear a certain relative proportion to the traffic of which it is the agent. Let us try the Bill in question by this rule. Supposing that fourteen mil lions, or any given amount of bank-notes, be the sum required for carrying on conveniently the ordinary traffic of the country, and that there supervene upon this ordinary trade a new branch of business, re quiring a considerable amount of money to fulfil the negotiations connected with it, it seems obvious that the amount of circulation limited to our mercantile wants antecedently to the new demand for money, cannot perform this double duty without incon venience and peril. In this sense, and in this sense only, can it be said that railroads are concerned in the present pressure. Then what is the remedy that reason and common sense would suggest ? Surely, to relax your restrictions so as to admit an expansion of the currency commensurate with your extended business. But by your law, not the wants of commerce, but the amount of gold, must regulate the circulation. Is gold the only token of wealth ? Are not land, and houses, and mines—aye, and pro ductive railroads, too, capital ? Then, why, are these not available as securities for circulation ? Have we not the evidence of experience in favour of a currency founded upon other security than gold ? Has not the country passed triumphantly through much greater drains upon its monetary resources in former periods of our history, than those now created by railroad expenditure ? Was the commerce of Eng land ever more prosperous than during some periods of the war, when our war expenditure exceeded the demands of railroads, great part of which, too, let it be remembered, was spent in foreign countries ? I by no means wish to defend the selfish cupidity which has dictated a large portion of railroad under takings, many of which have been prosecuted with a reckless disregard of the public convenience, and not a few with an inadequate consideration for the inte rests of shareholders. But to the Government and the Legislature belong the reproach of having incon siderately and blindly sanctioned this wasteful and unproductive squandering of capital. But let us not undervalue the immense benefit of railroad enter prise. Independently of the prospective national advantages resulting from increased facilities of inter communication and transport, can any man doubt that the vast sums paid to labourers out of railroad funds enabled the poor to pass through the last trying winter with comparative ease, with so little pressure upon the resources of the rich ? It may serve the purpose of argument among those who, having committed themselves to unsound opi nions in favour of a rigorously restricted currency, have not the magnanimity to acknowledge their error, to attempt to throw the blame of our present difficul ties upon railroads ; and, with this view, a phrase has been imported into the discussion, and paraded with all the authority of an unanswerable argument, which is, in reality, but a cloak for a fallacy. The phrase I allude to is, " the conversion of floating capi tal into fixed capital ;" as if the money employed upon railroads was absolutely withdrawn from c i rcu l a ti on . I confess I can see no difference in this respect be tween money paid in wages on railroads, and that which is spent on agriculture and handicrafts. In all these cases the money is thrown back into circulation within four-and•tvventy hours, through the medium of grocers, bakers, and beersellers, and even that portion of these funds which is paid to capitalists for land, iron, timber, Sze., is immediately handed over to bankers, where it becomes instantly available for other purposes. From all this it appears clear that commercial distress has not been occasioned by railroad expenditure, and arises not from a mis appropriation of of the national resources, but from the insufficiency of a restricted currency. Is it not a fact that many of the failures which have lately astounded the public have fallen upon houses in high credit, and in whom the commercial world had the fullest confidence—a confidence which an examination into the affairs of these houses has shown to be well founded, exhibiting an excess of assets over liabili ties. Such failures could not, of course, have hap pened under an ordinary facility of money accommo dation, and are, of themselves, an unanswerable proof of the unsoundness and danger of our present system of currency. Many of the failures, no doubt, are to be ascribed to the enormous and unforeseen depreciation in the price of cer tain commodities occasioned by free trade. This is especially conspi cuous i n th e sugar tra d e, the price of that article having fallen at a rate that must defeat the most prudent calculations of importers, since the passing of the unjust law sanctioning the indiscriminate importation of slave production. This is a case, to be sure, which stands alone. There is no parallel to it in the history of British legislation ; no other exa m pl e i n w hi c h a l arge amount o f British capital has been so palpably annihilated by Act of Parliament. No word less forcible than an nihilation can describe the complete ruin which the late Act is rapidly working in all the sugar colonies. The effect of free trade upon these interests, aggra vated by an unequal contest between slave and free labour prod uce, having proved so much more destructive to their interests than was anticipated even by the advo cates of the measure, Government, we may fairly pre sume, will take steps to avert the ruin which so immi nently threatens them. This, however, will, I pre sume, be postponed till the meeting of Parliament. More prompt and vigorous measures, however, are called for to stay the plague which now rages with such awful effects upon the commerce of the country. Every man, whatever be his opinions upon the currency question, feels that it is the im perative duty of the Government to make an attempt to revive prostrate credit. The present distress, although perhaps hardly ever before equalled in mag nitude, is not without past examples. Let us profit by the lessons of experience, and adopt measures similar to those which in former cases of the like have proved effectual for reviving confidence and restoring the prosperity of trade. In the cases alluded to the Bank was authorised to make an extraordinary issue of notes, and forthwith the money panic and its awful effects disappeared. L or d J o hn Russell has credit for vigour and moral courage . L e t him prove a just claim to these attributes by daring to depart from a pedantic deference to rules, which, under ordinary circumstances, he may consider sound and wholesome, if, by so doing, he may avert the impending calami ties of an extraordinary crisis. He is under an awful responsibility, and I believe he is too honest and too humane to sit unmoved and witness the frightful dis asters which are absolutely crushing the trade of the country in deference to a theoretical dogma. Your most obedient servant, R. 11. THE MAIL STEAMER WASHINGTON.—Thi3 Ame rican steamer, which is one of a new line of communica- tion with America, running from New York to South ampton and Bremen and back, arrived at Cowes on Saturday morning last from New York, after rather a severe voyage. The passengers on board, before leaving her, paid a very high compliment to the officers, and extolled the manner in which all their comforts had been attended to during the voyage. They likewise expressed their admiration of the vessel and her performances throughout the " run." The Washington, since her recent alterations at New York, appears to have improved both in speed and ease in sailing. BRISTOL SUGAR-MARKET, OCT. B.—The market is very dull, and participates in the depression prevailing in other descriptions of produce.—Bristol Mercury. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. The LORD MAYOR said he had received some more correspondence since he had called the attention of the public to the persevering conduct of Joseph Ady, which correspondence needed no comment from him. The correspondence consisted of letters from Mr. P. B. de Blaquiere, of Kingston, Canada, enclosing Joseph Ady's letters to him and his wife, which were l of the usual character ; also a letter from Sir W. IMiller, Bart., dated from Cheltenham, enclosing Ady's letter to him. There was also a letter from Joseph Ady to Mr. Nobler, the late chief clerk at the Man sion -house, which was found amongst that gentle man's papers after his decease, which bore the date of October 8, 1828. As these letters, with the ex ception of the addresses, are merely duplicates of those already published, we omit their insertion. GUILDHALL. James Styles, a marine store dealer, at No. 8, Milton-street, Cripplegate, was summoned before Aldermen Musgrove and Farebrother, to answer an information, filed at the instance of the Commis sioners of Excise, for having in his possession 131 b. of tealeaves, which had been used, and were in course of being fabricated and manufactured in imitation of tea. A second count charged that he had 131 b of the leaves of divers trees, shrubs, and plants other than tea, which had been fabricated in imitation of tea. The Solicitor to the Excise conducted the prosecue tion, and Mr. Skinner defended the accused, who pleaded " Not Guilty." James Jordan, an officer of Customs, stated, that on the 29th of June he went to the defendant's house, and, on entering the shop, he found a woman, who stated that she was the defendant's wife. He went at once into the back room, and found a pan containing a quantity of used tea leaves. They were being dried before the fire. Under the bedstead he found a deal box, containing a quantity of leaves. In a copper saucepan he found a further quantity of leaves under going a saturation in gum, to give them a fine crisp appearance. In the same room he found some madder, stone-blue, and French chalk. He then went into another room, where he found some tea, the fabrica tion of which had been completed. It was in paper bags and canisters. He also found here two wire sieves, which appeared to have been used for sifting tea, as particles were still sticking in various places. Three of the bags and one canister contained green tea, and one canister contained black and green mixed. While he was there, the defendant came home, and witness pointed to the leaves in course of manufac ture, and asked him what he was doing there ? He replied, that he was trying experiments. Witness told him he knew he was in the habit of supplying grocers with that trash. To this he replied, he knew who must have given witness the information, and if he was summoned for it he should " split." He seised the goods, and delivered them to Mr. Hoare, the superintendent. The paper bags of tea were not tied down, so that whoever had them would see the contents. Cross-examined—Everything was open. Nothing was secreted. Defendant did not say that the things had been left there by somebody else, or that they belonged to somebody else. James Lew is and John Brown, officers, who ac companied the last witness, corroborated his evi dence. John Hall, of the Excise, produced samples of the various packages seized. Mr. Phillips, the chymist to the Board of Excise, said he had analyzed the different sorts found at these premises. The greater portion were altogether spu rious. The mixed tea was composed of genuine green and black which had been used, dried, and curled, slightly coloured, and coated with thin gum water to give it a crisp and somewhat shiny appear ance. Another sample was the renovated exhausted black by itself. Another was a specimen of green made up of mixed black and green genuine tea, which had been used and remanufactured for the use of the grocer by the help of a little chrome yellow and Dutch pink, the surface being afterwards coated gum-water, to prevent the colour from being too easily rubbed off; the portions of colouring matters produced consisted of stone blue, Prussian blue, French chalk, Dutch pink, and chrome yellow. Mr. Skinner, for the defendant, urged that the chain of evidence did not show the isamples analyzed were taken from the stock brought away from the shop, and that for aught that appeared the defendant was an honest, respectable tradesman. The solicitor said the fines incurred amounted to a very large sum, but he did not wish to press with severity. He would be content to take a eonviction of having possession of 81h. of imitation tea, being the portion completely manufactured for use. The penalty was 51. for every pound. Mr. Alderman Musgrove and Mr. Alderman Fare brother consulted for a few minutes, and then Mr. Alderman MUSGROVE said they had no doubt the defendant had been guilty of the offence charged. It was an offence of great magnitude, that required them to inflict the full penalty, because it was a fraud which fell heavily on the poor. They gave ss. a pound for the trash which the defendant prepared by wholesale for them, and the toil and sometimes difficulty with which that money was obtained by the humble classes must not be forgotten. They con victed him of knowingly having the tea in his pos session, but postponed for a week adjudging the penalty. A young woman, named Mary Davis, was charged with wilfully breaking a pane of glass, value 51., at the shop of Mr. Inglis, a biscuit baker on the north side of St. Paul's-churchyard. She had not asked for relief at the shop or received any provocation, but being in distress, and finding all the parish authorities unwilling to give her protec tion, she broke the window to enforce her claim to food and shelter. Mr. Alderman MusauovE told her the object of enforcing her wants would have been equally attained by breaking a pane worth one shilling, and it was cruel to inflict such a loss on a tradesman who con tributed his fair proportion to the relief of the poor. He committed her for fourteen days on low diet, and then to find securities to be of good behaviour for two months. She received the sentence with apathy. BOW -STREET. On Saturday a man named Richard Gregory, a salesman at Mr. Alderman Copeland's, was charged with stealing two shillings from a desk in the count ing -house, Portugal-street, Lincoln's Inn-fields. Mr. Powell, the cashier, proved having for several weeks missed small sums of money. He marked three shillings, and placed them in a bowl in his desk, which he locked, leaving the key in it. On Friday morning he discovered that they had been stolen, and having communicated with the superintendent, the prisoner was searched, and two shillings of the marked money found on him. Mr. Gibbon, the superintendent, said the prisoner received 265. a week, and on telling hi m h e suspec t e d him of theft, he denied the accusation, and handed witness one of the shillings produced, and another was found him, also marked. Th e p r i soner was he had been in th e h a bit o f suspected because borrowing money from the workmen, w hi c h h e never repaid, and on accounting for this by saying he owed 71. before entering Mr. Copeland's employ, that gen tleman gave directions that that sum should be lent to him. He could not be in distress, as he had only received his wages on Friday evening. The prisoner, who made no defence, was committed for trial. Stephen Stere, a waiter at the Golden Cross, was charged with stealing 12s. 6d. from a drawer in the hotel, the property of Mr. Gardiner. It seemed that the head waiter had missed several sums, and in consequence marked 31. 10s. and placed it in the drawer in question, which he locked. In the course of the afternoon he opened the drawer, which was still locked, and found that 12s. 6d. had been abstracted. A policeman was sent for, who found 10s. 6d. of the marked money on the prisoner. The prisoner declared he had received the money in the course of business, and was committed to the Middlesex Sessions to take his trial. MARLBOROUGH - 01?0U On Saturday Sarah Kemp was brought before Mr. Hardwick for final examination, charged with having stolen 61. in silver money from her master, William Bennett, potato salesman, 14, Newport-street, Soho. It appeared that the prosecutor, on Saturday night, took his cash-box into his bedroom, and there left it with about 501. in silver in it. The money was right on Sunday morning. On Monday the prosecutor's wife, on goi ng into the prisoner's bedroom, noticed that her b ox was open, and t h at i t was apparent l y filled with new c l othes, s ilk s t oc ki ngs , an d ot h er articles, evid ent l y of recent purchase. She was tempted to l oo k f ur th er i nto h er b ox , an d s h e t h en found about .5/. in silver, which she immediately sus pected had been stolen from her husband. In the evening she communicated her suspicions to her husband, and he at once proceeded to count over the contents of his cashbox, when he discovered that about 6/. had been stolen. The prosecutor instantly went to the prisoner, and taxed her with having robbed him. The prisoner admitted that she had robbed the prosecutor. She said that she had taken the keys of the cashbox from his pocket, and had thus possessed herself of the money, which she had partly spent in new clothes and finery. The prosecutor mentioned to the Court that he be lieved the prisoner had been in the habit of robbing him from time to time. The prisoner made no defence, and was fully com mitted. George Bridger was charged with having illegally driven a cab as " buck" to the lawful driver, by which he had incurred a penalty of 51. The case was brought forward by Mr. Y eoman , an extensive cab proprietor, who, it appeared, has determined, if possible, to put down the illegal practice of " bucking. A solicitor who attended for the complainant stated that the evils arising to the public and to cab proprie- gage in a foot-race with the legs tied is not a more irrational step. Statesmanship in such follies as these seems utterly lost sight of. One of the chief duties of a Government must be admitted to be the proper regulation of the currency, so as to secure, as far as possible, an equable and permanent condition. A comparatively slight fluctuation often leads to pro digious and most calamitous results. For, as the greater part of the currency is necessarily diffused, in small quantities, among the millions—the masses— it follows that a rapid increase, or reduction, in the quantity of money afloat,—effects an increase, or re duction, of perhaps one-fourth or one-third, of the money employed in mercantile transactions. If an increase, it leads to ruinous speculations ;—if a dimi nution, it brings those speculations to a sudden close by bankruptcy. The complacency of Sir Charles Wood, and the confidence of Lord John Russell, is said to be, as yet, unshaken. Well, there are still several weeks to pass over, before the return of the usual period for the meeting of Parliament. We have considerable doubt whether their self-satisfied tone of mind will be endurable after Christmas. Nine or ten weeks more, of the present state of discomfort and extreme danger, may be more than the patience of the merchants of London may prove equal to. And the inconvenience of a want of money will, very soon, begin to make itself felt, even in Downing-street. ADVERTISER.—The Quarterly Revenue Tables are always looked forward to with considerable inte rest, as they form, as it were, the pulse of the nation, whereby its healthy or ailing condition may be clearly and indisputably judged. Political partisans may impart varied aspects to the condition of public affairs, to suit party feelings. But figures it is im possible to distort to serve such objects, and conse quently they form most valuable materials, where from correct and well-grounded opinions may be de duced, respecting the position of the country, the relative prosperity or diminution of the public re ceipts, and the entire state of the various branches of the national revenue. If, however, the quarterly tables are, ordinarily, expected and inspected with great interest, it is needless to say how much deeper has been the anxiety with which the statement of the revenue for the last three months has been awaited. Numerous causes have combined, with sad potency, to extend difficulties, especially among the com mercial classes. The depression originating therefrom necessarily exerts its baneful interest in other and far more extensive circles. It was to be expected, therefore, that the Revenue Tables (which ever sym pathise with the aspect and condition of national affairs) might bear a gloomy appearance, and display some of the results of the moneyed difficulties of the time. We regret to state that these anticipations have been too well realised. The total income for the quarter ending Oct. 10, has been 12,843,214/. The income for the corresponding quarter of last year was 14,350,444/. Thus, the decrease in the last quarter has been no less than 1,525,897/. Upon the year ending on Saturday, the decrease, compared with the year ending Oct. 10, 1846, however, is not more than 1,042,268/. These results are, certainly, dis couraging enough, at first sight; but it is gratifying to notice, upon a closer inspection of the tables, that there are many reasons for the falling off, other than a regular depreciation in the receipts from the various sources of the revenue. Thus last year there was a payment of 968,503/. on acconnt of the " China money," while there has since been no such addition to the revenue. Again, the "repayment of advances," in 1846 amounted to 1,172,1411., but in the present year it has been only 792,447/. In fact, taking alone the " total ordinary revenue" (which was last year, 48,229,7561., and has, during the corresponding twelve months, ending l the 10th of this month, been 48,542,5200, there has been an increase of 312,764/. The falling off in the quarter compared with the corresponding quarter of 1846, is, however, a de cided and gloomy fact. First, there is a decrease in the Customs of 374,191/. In the Excise, there is a decrease of 641,9801., the largest deficiency among the several items. Some 66,419/. less have been derived from Stamp duties, last quarter, than in the same quarter of last year ; nearly 53,5001. less from the Property-tax ; 45,0001. less from Crown lands ; and 104,784/. less from the " Miscellaneous" sources of revenue. Such are the items in which there has been a decrease ; and satisfactory reasons can be given for the same in several instances. Thus, the entire discontinuance of receipts from corn duties may account, in great measure, for the loss on the Customs ; while, as regards, the Excise, the falling off results principally from the deficiency in malting, in the use of sugar, and in spirit duties. " There is a bright side to every cloud," however; and, even from the last quarter's revenue tables, unpromising and gloomy as they may appear, there may be gathered some grounds for satisfaction and hope. First of all, there is shown a steady and decided in crease in the Post•office receipts. We were among the very earliest to recommend the reduction of the postage duty ; and we contended that, not only should that department not be made a source of revenue, but that the adoption of the reduced system of charge would not ultimately be so great a losss to the Ex chequer as many anticipated. Since the reduction, the quarterly accounts have exhibited a regular in crease in that item. On the quarter there is an in crease of 5,000/. ; and on the year, one of no less than 57,0001. Under the head of " Taxes" there is a trifling advance on the quarter, compared with the corresponding period of last year ; and also in the items of " Imprest and other moneys." Such are the principal features that distinguish the tabular statement which appears in this day's Morning Ad nertiser. With the exception of the falling off in the Excise, the other items of decrease are not of any very serious aspect. The legislative reduction of duties on imports must have a beneficial effect upon trade ; and there are no grounds for fearing the good results of the adoption of those enlightened principles of commercial policy which have, of late, added fresh honour to this great country. The state of national affairs at present is, undoubtedly, gloomy enough ; but we trust and hope that the temporary clouds that now darken the social horizon will pass away, and be followed by the brightness of renewed prosperity. The revenue account, even in the existing depression of affairs, bears by no means the disastrous aspect which some might have anticipated. That very fact justifies the expectation, that the immense resources of this country ; the cool, enlightened course of its higher productive and trading classes ; the measures of precaution and relief that may be adopted on the part of its executive authorities—will, in combination, result in the restoration of affairs to a prosperous condition, and, consequently, to the material im provement of the revenue tables for the approaching year. DEPARTURE OF THE QUEEN DOWAGER FOR MADEIRA PORTSMOUTH, OCT. 10.—Her Majesty the Queen Dowager, their Serene Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Saxe Weimar, four of their children and suite, Lord and Lady Howe, the Hon. Miss Sey mour, Sir David Daeies, Lieutenant Bedford, R.N., and one of her Majesty's private chaplains, with their personal attendants, cooks, dressers, women, and their servants, amounting to about fifty persons, arrived at the Clarence-yard at one o'clock yesterday, by special train on the South-Western Railway, and having been received, on alighting from the carriage, by Admiral Sir Charles Ogle, Rear-Admiral Shireff, Major-General Lord Frederick Fitzclarence, Cap tain Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence, Captain Sir Edward Parry and the officers of the Victualling establishment, the captains and commanders of the ships and vessels in the harbour, and a guard of honour furnished from the 60th Rifles, embarked in the Fairy and Fire Queen steam yachts, and were conveyed to Spithead and put on board her Majesty's ship Howe. The usual salutes were fired on her Majesty passing oat of harbour, and arriving at Spithead, and every demon stration of respect paid to the royal party. Admiral Sir Charles Ogle and Lords Frederick and Adolphus Fitzclarence accompanied her Majesty and her guests were quite settled and prepared to put to sea, but owing to the time occupied in getting things on board, and the wind blowing fresh from the south, with thick weather, it was not deemed prudent to un moor and go to sea last night. This morning the Fire Queen has been out with more luggage and fur niture, and everything is on board, but it has been blowing hard from the south all the forenoon, and the weather is still thick and foggy, so that it is not ex pected, if the Howe does weigh, that she will go further to-night than St. Helens, and there anchor. The Scourge steamer is crowded with the spare ser • vents, horses, &c. The Amphion, Arab, and Nau tilus are to accompany the Howe down.channel (the Arab arrived this morning). The Vixen is to be de tained until Tuesday or Wednesday to take her Grace the Duchess of Palmella (whose health is very precarious) and suite, first to Lisbon, and then to Madeira. Commander Ryder will probably reach Lisbon before the Howe and Scourge. The Duchess will remain there for a few days, and then re-embark in the Vixen t o b e conveyed to Madeira, and after her G the fuerhthaes rbeen execution landed o the f h steamerer commander's will proceed, d o r e r s i n o Bermuda, H avannah, and lastly to Vera Cruz to la, tnd Mr. Percy Doyle. n g A , between CClD ENT siAxT andT u LsseEv-HILL. tot:cri.o7 o'clock, [al coal-porterS atu rda y even- e n h name of George L ees , i n the employ of Mr. Davis o f t coal merchant, of Scotl an d- yar d , was proceeding with hhis waggon and team down when a vicious mare suddenly commenced kicking and plunging terrifically. The man ran to the fore horse, when the whole took fright, and Lees was thrown down, and the wheels of the vehicle passed over his body, crushing his legs at flat as a deal board. A party rushed forward and pulled the unfortunate man away, and he was forthwith removed to St. Thomas's Hospital, when the surgeons found that the bones of the poor fellow's right leg were literally ground to powder. A consultation was held last night at the hospital, and it was decided that the only hope of saving the man's life was to amputate the leg. MONDAY EVENING- OCTOBER 11, 1547. tors from the proceedings of men of the description of the prisoner were greater than could be conceived. r_Uhe " bucks" were persons of the lowest class, who hung about the different cab-stands for the purpose of taking the licensed driver's place, and by this means of taking every opportunity to commit depre dations and to break the law by furious driving, ex tortionate charges, and foul language, and often, in addition, injured both horse and cab. The " buck " was also the principal agent in the removal of stolen property. The cab proprietors were, however, de termined to suppress the system of employing "bucks," and they hoped to have the assistance of magistrates in effecting this object. The defendant pleaded guilty, and only said that a gentleman had asked him to take him to a place where he wanted to go, and he had complied. Mr. HARDWICK replied that this was no excuse. Under the same pretext the defendant would no doubt have taken a thief in the cab with stolen goods in his possession. The penalty of 31., or one month's imprisonment, was then inflicted, with an intimation that if the offence was repeated the highest penalty would be imposed. WORSHIP-STREET. On Saturday a middle-aged woman, named Eliza beth Collinson, was charged before Mr. Hammill with having stolen 200 sovereigns and a quantity of house hold furniture, and other articles, from the residence of Mrs. Elizabeth Smith, and aged widow, recently deceased. Edward Smith, the deceased's son, stated that his late mother was a person of very eccentric and penu rious habits, and, although he always suspected that she had amassed a considerable sum of money, he was unable to obtain any definite knowledge of the fact until he was on the point of starting into the country in search of agricultural employment in the early part of last month, when his mother who was in very ill health at the time, produced a large bag, and counted out 200 sovereigns, which she assure him would come into his possession, with the rest of her effects, after her decease. The prisoner, who had been en gaged to attend upon his mother during her illness, was present on the occasion, and saw her replace the money in the bag, which she afterwards deposited in a cupboard, and told him that he would find it there in case anything should happen to her during his absence. lle received no further intelligence of his mother until he returned to London about ten days since, when on calling at her house he was shocked to learn that she had been dead and buried upwards of a fortnight, and that the funeral expenses had been defrayed by the parish. On instituting inquiries respecting the disposal of her property, he was in formed by some of the neighbours that the breath had scarcely left her body when the prisoner completely stripped the place, and sold everything off to different lodging-house keepers in Whitechapel. He imme diately gave information to the police, who succeeded in tracing part of the property, and took the prisoner into custody, but no clue to the missing money had since been discovered. Several bulky packages, con taining bedding and other articles, were produced by two lodging-house keepers, named Smith and i\l'Do nald, to whom they had been sold by the prisoner, who told them that the relieving officer of White chapel had authorised her to appropriate them by way of compensation for her services to the dying woman. The prisoner now repeated the same statement be fore the magistrate, but her assertion was distinctly negatived by Mr. Hughes, the reliving officer, who stated that he merely placed the property under her care until the son or other legal representative of the deceased should appear to claim it. Mr. HammiLL ordered the depositions to be at once taken, and the prisoner was fully committed for trial. CLERKENWELL. On Saturday Police-constable No. 103 E was brought before the Magistrate, by order of the Com missioners of Police, charged with assaulting a young man named Lucay. The complainant said that on Tuesday night last he went to the Princess's Theatre, and when on his way home, near King's. cross, he was stopped by a stranger, who asked him the way to St. Pancras New Church. He directed him, and had not parted with him a moment, when he was collared by No. 36 of the E division. He asked, " What have I done ?" and before a reply was given the defendant ran over and beat him most unmercifully over his back and shoulders with his truncheon, remarking at the time, " Take that, you -." He was after wards taken to the station-house, and charged with knocking at doors and ringing bells, an accusation ut terly groundless, and the inspector, on hearing the com plaint and his explanation, liberated him, and advised him to apply there again in the day time for redress. On the following morning the defendant called him from his bed, and asked his pardon, begging that he would not appear against him, as he had a large family, and they would be ruined. Witness, having a family, could riot help feeling for the defendant, and, after advising him to be more cautious for the future, he extended his hand and forgiveness. The affair had reached the ears of the Commissioners of Police, and he was now reluctantly in attendance at their instance. Sergeant Dyer, 2 E, said that the case was reported to him, and he considered it too gross to be passed over, and he laid the facts before the Commissioners, who had ordered a public investigation. A gentleman, named Williams, living at the hope public-house, in Gray's Inn-lane, corroborated the complainant in every respect. The officer, 36 E, was then sworn, and deposed to the same facts. Mr. TYRWIIITT-Why did you take him into cus tody ? Witness—l mistook him fur another man who had been hooting, ringing bells, and knocking at doors. Mr. TTRWHITT asked the defendant what he had ,o say? Defendant—l certainly did strike the man, and am very sorry Sir. TißwurrT remarked that it was a very proper case to be publicly dealt with ; and, as it was neces sary the police should know the use of the truncheons intruated to them, he should fine the defendant 10s. He knew that his dismissal from the force would follow that conviction, or the penalty would have been 101. THAMES. A stout young man, named Charles Colan, aged 20, described as a corn porter, was brought before Mr. Yardley, charged with stealing a silver watch, the property of Mr. Thomas M'Gowen, the master of the screw steam-ship Connaught Ranger. It appeared from the evidence of Mr. M'Gowen that his ship was lying in the river, off East-lane, Bermondsey. On Friday morning, about two o'clock, he was awoke from his sleep by hearing some one moving about his cabin. He called out, " Who's there ?" and no answer being returned, he jumped out of his berth, and while groping about the cabin, seized a man with a moleskin jacket on. A struggle took place between them in the dark, and the mate, who also slept in the cabin, leaped out of bed, and soon clasped both captain and thief. A fearful struggle took place, and several blows were ex changed. At length the intruder called out several times, and the captai n an d mate " sung out" for the police. Directly afterwards a man came run ning down the companion with something which appeared like a staff in his hand, and exclaimed " I'll secure him, I'm a police-officer. I have been look ing for him a long time." Both captain and mate supposing the man to be a Thames police-constable resigned the prisoner into his hands, and they went upon deck. Mr. M'Gowen followed, and saw the two men jump from the rail into a boat alongside, which contained two other men, who commenced row ing away as fast as they were able. The prosecutor at once saw the boat was not a police galley, and raised a cry of " Stop thief." The boat made towards Fountain-stairs, and was soon lost sight of. Mr. M`Grewen on returning to his state room missed his silver watch, which was hanging up when he went to bed on Thursday night. The evidence to connect the prisoner with the robbery was chiefly circum stantial. He wore a moleskin coat, and on the morn ing of Friday, shortly before two o'clock, he was seen with three other men in Vineyard, Tooley street, by a police-constable named Haylett, No. 51 M, who knew them to be thieves. He overheard one of the gang say, " Shall we take a boat here ?" and they proceeded down a lane leading to Pickle-herring-stairs, Horselydown, where the whole of the party got into a boat and immediately rowed away in the direction of East-lane. Haylett aroused a waterman named Hipkins, who was asleep in a watchbox at the stairs, and who soon ascertained that his boat was gone. The policeman and Hipkins jumped into another boat, and gave chase to the thieves, but soon lost sight of them among the tiers of coasting vessels on the Surrey shore. They then proceeded to the Thames police-station, at Wapping, and gave inf o rmation that the boat was taken away. While ay. While they were on the opposite shore the robber was effected. A few minutes past two o'clock a watchman, named Brown, in the empl o y of Mr. Wil liams, of Fountain-dock, about 200 yards below where the Connaught Ranger was moored, heard the cry of " Stop thief," and directly afterwards saw four men, one of whom was bareheaded, in a boat, pulling towards the wharf on which he was stationed. He immediately ran towards the gates of the wharf, and called to a policeman in the street to intercept the thieves as they came up the lane. The police-con stable had to go round some distance, and before he could reach Fountain-stairs, alongside Fountain dock, the thieves had landed from the boat and made their escape. Information of the robbery was given to the Thames police, and In spector Everest, on searching Hipkins's boat, which had been left at Fountain-stairs, dis covered a man's cap and a thick iron rod, which one of the thieves had flourished on board the Connaught Ranger as a stair, and deceived the captain of that ves- sel into the belief that he was a police-officer. The prisoner was apprehended by Inspector Everest at a public-house called the King's Head, in Tooley street, on Friday night. He denied all knowledge of the robbery, and said he had heard that some one had been to his mother's house, and kicked up a row about the affair. He was distinctly identified by Haylett as one of the men who got into Hipkins's boat just before the robbery was committed. The prisoner, in defence, said that he met with some friends on Friday morning, and they were afterwards joined by a sailor, who said he was anxious to get across the water. He (the prisoner) was also anxious to reach the Middlesex shore, and they hired a boat at Pickle-herring-stairs, and crossed the river. Mr. YARDLEY said he should remand the prisoner for a week, and the police would be enabled to give a very good account of his companions when he was brought up again. On its being represented to the Magistrate that Mr. M'Gowen would leave that day with his vessel, and not return for a fortnight, Mr. YARDLEY ordered his deposition to be taken, and bound him over to appear at the next sessions of the Central Criminal Court. SOUTHWARK. On Saturday Edward Austin, formerly a bookbinder in the Walworth-road, was finally examined on a charge of forging and uttering forged cheques. Mr. Mullens, of the firm of Bush and Mullens, at tended on the part of the London and Westminster Bank. It appeared that on the 19th ult. the prisoner went to J. Sullivan, of No. 16, Great Peter-street, West minster, and produced to him a letter, purporting to be from the prisoner's solicitor, containing a cheque for 101. 10s., which the prisoner said was part of the money for some property he had sold. Sullivan, be lieving that the prisoner, whom he had known for some years, had some property, at his solicitation ad vanced him 12s. 6d., until he could get the cheque changed, and detained the cheque for that purpose. On the following morning Sullivan went with it to the Borough branch of the London and Westminster Bank, when he found it to be a forgery. It further appeared that on the 20th ult., the prisoner also went to Mr. Hythe, a bootmaker in Little Chapel-street, Westminster, and producing a cheque for 201., pur porting to be signed by a Mr. Chester, wanted to borrow seven shillings, under a similar pretence, but he fortunately only lent him sixpence. When taken to the bank it was found to be a forgery. Mr. Chester having proved that neither of the signatures was his, several other cases of a similar character were gone into, and the prisoner was committed to Newgate for trial upon the whole of them. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PoitTsmounr, OcT. 10.—The Kite steam-vessel, Commander Henry Dumaresq, sailed yesterday for Jersey, for the protection of the oyster fishery. The Blazer steamer, Lieutenant•Cemmanding E. Wakefield (acting), arrived yesterday from Woolwich with seamen and seamen gunners recently paid off from the Fisgard at that port. After disembarking these men she proceeded after dark for Plymouth, having on board a considerable number for that port from the same ship. The Emerald tender returned yesterday from Cork, after an absence of upwards of six months, on the coasts and rivers of Ireland, conveying provisions to the distressed districts. The Arab, 12, Commander W. Morris, arrived this morning from Chatham. She is to form one of the squadron of escort for her Majesty the Queen Dowager. The Alban steam-transport, Master-Commanding M. Bradshaw, arrived this morning from Woolwich with a floating fire-engine in tow. Wind south ; strong breezes and hazy, with rain at times. The following are the promotions and appointments of the past week : PROMOTION. Lieutenant—Arthur Davies (1808), to the rank of Commander on the retired list of 1830. APPOINTMENTS. Commander—Robert Mann, to the Madagascar. Lieutenants—David Miller, and the Hon. P. F. Pellew, to the Howe; Abraham Parks, from the Cuckoo, to command the Dasher; Samuel H. Hem mans and Thomas Woods, to the Poictiers ; Shirley Apthorpe, to the Vindictive; W. C. Marshall, to the Asia ; H. S. Hamilton, and Francis Willoughby, to the Hecate • Matthew Peppin, to Coast Guard ; Henry Lloyd, to the Cambrian; S. S. L. Crofton, to the Howe. Master—George F. Charles, to the Blenheim. Surgeon—Dr. George J. Fox, to the Bellerophon. Naval Instructor—H. A. Speed, to the Cambrian. Mate—G. H. Mansell, to the Asia. Assistant Surgeons—Evan Evans, and William Cuthane, to the Bellerophon ; Dr. Robert Fulton, to the Spider. Clerks—Edward Davidson, to the William and Mary; D. P. Macnamara, in charge, to the Viper; Willis Price, to the Bellerophon; Edwin. Smith, to the Cambrian; H. J. Barlow, to the Hecate; James C. Mottley, from the Cuckoo, in charge, to the Dasher. Midshipmen—Arthur R. Owen, to the Victory ; Robert H. Boyd, to the Fisgard ; Charles Sidebottom, to the Recruit; Simcoe, to the Excellent ; G. Viscomti, G. H. Back, and C. D. Robinson, to the Bellerophon • Charles White, to the G e y se r ; F M. M. Wynford, to the Dolphin. Masters' Assistants—William Qillard, to the Kes trel ; Matthias Parsons and Thomas Mansell (acting second master), to the Bellerophon ; Charles Mark Palmer, to the Trincomalee ; J. G. Budd, to the Oberon ; W. J. Reddell (acting second master), to the Rhadanaanthus ; E. P. Cox, to the Petrel; John Gregory, to the Albion ; Daniel Roberts, from the Cuckoo (acting second master), and A. E. Parks, to the Dasher. Naval Cadets—G. E. Massey, to the Fury; H. T. Burgoyne, to the Asia ; Henry Grey, to the Howe. COAST GICARD. - _ _ Appointments—Mr. Henry Webb, to Southwold station, as chief officer; Lieutenant Edward J. Bel lenden Clarke, to command the Hilihead station ; Lieutenant Herbert Blachford Gray, to command the Mundesley station ; Mr. Charles Cleveland, to command a station; Lieutenant It. Lowcay, and Lieutenant H. B. Gray, to command stations ; Lieu tenant E. H. Kennett, to command Woodbridge Haven ; Lieutenant S. Stirling, to command No. 2 Battery, Deal. Removals—C. G. Clarke, from No. 2 Battery, Deal, to Westbrook station ; Mr. J. Hungerford, from Crandfield Point, to Newcastle station; Lieute nant R. J. Turner, from Oyster Haven, to Greystone station, vice Lieutenant Poole, appointed to the Active revenue cutter; Lieutenant J. B. Clarke, from Hill head, to Brixham station. PLYMOUTH, OCT. B.—Her Majesty's frigate Ame rica, 50, Captain Sir Thomas Maitland, hove in sight this morning, and under single reefed topsails rounded Penlee Point in gallant style, about eight oclock. She left Lisbon on the 16th of September, and has had either light contrary winds or stiff south-easterly gales all the passage home. Sir Charles Napier's squadron left Lisbon on the 10th of September for a cruise. The Vixen returned from the squadron on the 13th, and sailed for England. Her Majesty's ship Caledo nia, 120, Captain Manby H. Dixon, and the Jackall steam vessel, Commander Western, were the only British men-of- war in the Tagus on the 16th ult. The Ville de Bilbao, and another Spanish frigate, with the French gunnery ship IphegLne, and other foreign sailing and steam vessels of war, were frequently cruising into and out of the Tagus. The Miguelite generals Gate; Povos, and another, continue to re side at Lisbon. _ On the passage home the America spoke, 26th September, lat. 43 30 N., long. 17 32 W., the schooner ossack, of Penzance, from Waterford. Ist October, lat. 48 30 N., long. 11 40 W., passed the bark Asia, outward bound, with top-gallant masts on deck, it having been blowing strong from S.E. 3d October, long. 11 29 W., lat. 48 48 N., signalized English bark, second distinguishing pennant, No. 4,819, 136 days from Madras for London. 3d Oc tober, lat. 48 30 N., long. 11 30 W., exchanged colours with a Dutch ship. 4th October, lat. 40 10 N. long. 11 12 W., exchanged colours with a Dutch barque. In the chops of the Channel saw a great number of merchant vessels homeward bound. In the Bay of Biscay, on the 28th September, one of the hands lost his hold on the main yard, and after being twice struck in his descent, fell, apparently stunned, into the sea. A boatswain's mate, named Ward, a most active sailor, instantly ran aft, jumped into one of the boats, coolly took off his trousers, and although it was blowing a stiff sea at the time, with pretty much sea on, the noble fellow, having sighted his unfortunate messmate, deliberately plunged into the sea and saved his life. Ward h as at various times jumped overboard, and in thi s manner saved the lives of six men, one of whom was his father. The man who fell from the mainyard cut his scalp, and was conveyed into the sick-bay, which he left convales centhe yesterday. TAmerica, under command of Captain Gordon, was commissioned in the spring of 1844, after which she went into the Pacific and visited Va nc ouvers and several t other England l islands and freight in September, retirement, o Captain Gor don havi ng taken the was given t o h er present captain, Sir Thomas Maitland. About the l a tt er end of August, in coming out of Vigo, with a Government pilot on board, she struck on a pinnacle rock, and carried away her fore foot, in consequence of which she made about three quarters of an inch of water hourly. She is now perfectly dry, but is ordered alongside a hulk in liamoaze. The America is very light, having left all her spare stores and provisions at Lisbon. For the last two days, in consequence of her long passage, the men have been put on two-thirds allowance. She has a very fine set of fellows among her crew, and will in all probability be paid off here. RAILWAY SHAM LIVERPOOL, OCTOBER 9.: STOCK EXCTIANGE.—The sales are—Birkenbead (late Chester and Birmingham, 5 per cent., 221.), 5 dis.—Lanca shire and Yorkshire, Fifths (late Manchester and Liverpool), 1 / 4 p.—Ditto Fifths (late West Riding Union), 23 4 ' Leeds and Thirsk, 17 1 dis.—London and North-Western, 152—Ditto, New Quarters, 7 p.—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, No. 1, 3 / 4 p.—Midland 111—Ditto, 401. Shares, 40 3 / 4 —Ditto, Halves, % dis.—North Staffordshire, 1 ,9 p. — North Union, 204—South-Eitstern and Dover, 29 ex div. —York, Newcastle, and Berwick, Extension, No. 2, 1 p.— Ditto, G. N. E.. par. (guaranteed 6 per cent. till 1850), 1 p.—York and North Midland, Preference, 4% p. MANCHESTER, Ourouxn. 9. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Birkenhead, Lanca shire, and Cheshire Junction, 5 % dis.—Birmi ng h am . an d Dudley, 4p. —East Lancashire, New Quarters,ls dis.—Lan cashire and Yorkshire, 1% p.—Ditto, 321. Shares, 6d.—Ditto (West Riding Union), 2 11-16 c.—London and North- W estern, New, 6% c.p. —Ditto (Manchester and Birmingham) Quarters (C), 3 3 4 p.—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln shire, Preference, % dis. —Ditto (Grimsby), 201. Shares, dis.—Midland, 501. Shares, par—North Staffordshire, par —Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A),3'/ dis.—South-Eastern and Dover, 29 1 4—Ditto, No. 4,2% dis.—York, Newcastle, and Berwick, No. 2,1% p.—Ditto, ditto, Preference, 1% p. OcronEn 9. STOCK EXCHANGE.-The panic of last week has is some degree subsided, and a little rebound attendant on the previous excessive depreciation has been experienced for a few days. The appearances at to- dav's market are less favourable, and purchases are rarely made except for the purpose of closing former transactions. The sales are-Ambergate, Notting ham, and Boston, 365. dis.-East Lancashire, Quarters, 245. 6d. dis.-Lancashira and Yorkshire, Fifths, 10s. Ditto, (West Riding Union), 2 3 4 dis.-Leeds and Dewsbury, Extension Scrip (green), 245. dis.-Leeds and Thirsk. 17% dis.-Ditto, Preference, 30s. dis.-North British, Thirds, Is. 6d. p.-Ditto, Quarters, 6s. dis.-North Staffordshire, 4s. p.-North-Western, dis.-York, Newcastle, and Ber wick, No. 2, 235. p. NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, OCTOBER 9. STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Caledonian, Nor, 21. 16s. dis.-Norrh British, 25% ex d.-Ditto, Quarters, ss. dis.-York, Newcastle, and Berwick, New Shares (N 0.2), 1 ,6 p . EDINBURGH, OCTOBER 8. STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Aberdeen, 301. 10%. -Airdrie and Bathgate, 31. 7s. 6d.-Arbroath and Forfar, 26/.-Ditto, Halves, 131.-Ayr and Galloway, 21. 10s.- Caledonian, 361. 10s.-Ditto, New, 11, Is. 6d.-Caledonian and Dumbartonshire, 1/. 10s.-Clydesdale Junction, 531.-- Deeside, 31. Bs.-Dunblane, Donne, and Callender, 11. 65.-- Dundee and Arbroath, 351.-Ditto. New, No. 1, 271.-Ditto, New, No. 2, 351.-Ditto, New, No. 3,3/. 53.-Dundee a nd Northern Junction, 1/. 10s.-Dundee and Perth, 324-Dittc, New, 161.-Ditto, Quarters, 2/. 17s. 6d.-East of Fife, 4/. 58. -East Lothian Central, 1/. 78.-Edinburgh and Bathgate, 51.-Edinburgh and Glasgow, 511. ex div.-Ditto, Halves, 154 ex div.-Ditto, Quarters, 12/. 12s. 6d. ex div.-Edin. burgh, Leith, and Granton, 161. 105.- Ditto, Preference, 20/.-Ditto, New, 31. 195.-Ditto, Quarters, 6s. Edinburgh and Northern, 184-Ditto, New, 1/. 175.-Ditto, Newport, 71. 2s. 6d.-Ditto, ditto, New, 11. ls.-Edinburgh and Perth (New Co.), 11.-Ditto, Halves, ss. 9d.-GlasgoW and Ayrshire, 991. 10s. ex div.-Ditto, New Stock, 381. 15s. ex div.-Ditto, Halves, No. 1 , 61.-Ditto, Halves, No. 2, 81.-Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle, 71. 155.-Glas gow and Garnkurk,3B/. 155.-Glasgow General Terminus, 114 -Glasgow and Greenock, 171. 2s. 6d. ex div.-Ditte, Halves, 81. Its. 6d.-Ditto, Preference, 7/. 195.-Glasgow, Kilmar nock, and Ardrossan, 34 95.-Great North of Scotland, 17s. 6d.-Great Northern (late Direct Northern), 21. 19s. 6d. -Ditto (late London and York), 11.-North British, 264 ss. ex div.-Ditto, Halves, 13/.-Ditto, Quarters, 41. 155.- Ditto, Quarters New (scrip), 10s. 9d.-Ditto Thirds, 1/. 28. -Ditto, Fifths, 5/. 7 s . 6d . ex div.-Scotti sh Central, 254 10s.- Scottish Grand Junction, Bs. 6d.-Scottish Midland, 171. Bs.-Shrewsbury and Hereford, IN.-Shrewsbury, Cos• westry, and Chester, 191. 155.-Stirling and Dunfermline, 3/. 10w.-Stirling and Midland, 71.-Wishaw and Coltnesso 451.-York, Newcastle, and Berwick, 136/. 108.-Ditto, Ear tensions, No. 1, 121. 10s.-Ditto, ditto, No. 2, 11/. 155.--' Direct Bombay and Madras, Is. 9d.-East Indian, 14 Os. 3 03 . -Great North of India, 2s. 6d.-Great Southern of Madras, ls.-Madras, Nellore, and Arcot, ls. 6d. GLASGOW, OCTOBER 8. STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Caledonian, Nog, 225.-Dundee and Perth, Quarters, 553.-Edinburgh and Northern, 18L-Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr, 100/.--' Ditto, 40/. Shares, 39/. -Great Northern, 58s. ex int.-Man chester and Southampton, Bs. 9d.-North British, Third* 243.-Ditto, Quarters, 955. The Observer, Sunday, October 10, contained nest nine folio columns of the state of the money-market during the past week, including the official revenue tables issued from the Treasury, to the latest hour on Saturday. Price of the Observer, 40 columns, 6d* There is scarcely a club-house, institution, library, or news-room, in all England, Scotland, Ireland, the COW tinent, East and West Indies, America, &c., in which the Observer is not taken in, and frequently duplicate copies. The extensive publication of the Observer com mences at six, and concludes at ten o'clock, on Sunday morning. A Monday edition of the Observer, with se,' curate markets, best adapt e d f or t h e country and abroact is regularly published at four o'clock on Monday after' noon. IMPORTANT DISCOVERY OF A NEW COAL-FIELD. —The towns of Park-gate and Neston, in Cheshire, were on Friday the scenes of considerable rejoicing, in muse' quence of the complete success which attended the trials, made to prove the field of coal on th e Ch es hi re s id e o f the Dee, on the property of the Hon. E. M. Loyd Delon tyn, M.P. We understand that an extensive field ot coal, of most excellent quality, and which, no doubt, is a continuation of the Flint and Bagilt coal-fields has been proved. Should this be the case, Birkenhead will be enabled to derive from this newly-discovered field, the extensive supplies of coal s requ i re d f or the use o f that rising port, and for exportation, on far easier terras than from any other quarter. A VIPER IN A CARRIAGE. --On Saturday after' noon Miss Catherine Hayes, daughter of Captain Edgar Hayes, of Lauder House, Brompton, accompanied by female friend, Edgar, her brother (in his 9th year), and the governess, were proceeding in a carriage to a friend 'S in Burlington street, when, at the cornier of Sloane" street, the young gentleman imagining that he sag' something move in the pocket of the coach, drew his sister's attention to the subject, pl ac i ng his hand at tha same time within the pocket, but almost immediately withdrew it, exclaiming that he had been bitten in the wrist. The governess was about to order the carriage to be stopped, when a small viper sprang from the pocket_ and fastened it se lf u p on t h e f ur mant l e o f t h e frien d o f Miss Hayes, wounding her just above the shoulder. The screams of the ladies brought several persons to their assistance, and a young man, of the name of Brodie, waiter at an hotel in Bow-street, seized the viper gel, destroyed it, the crea t ure measuring seven or eigh t inches in length. Medical assistance was procured and the wounds of the young lady and gentleman dresseet that of the latter being of rather an extensive character. Not the slightest idea can be formed as to the means bl which the viper had got into the carriage, the vehicle having conveyed the father of the young lady to the railway station only the day previous, and the stables are ' supposed to be free of vermin. COLLISION ON THE LONDON AND BRIGHTON AND SOUTH COAST RAILWAY.—An accident occurred 011 Saturday on the Brighton railway which might ha" been attended with very serious consequences, but forth' nately such was not the case. The most exaggerated re' ports were in circulation, but on inquiry we learn that two parties were only slightly injured ; one of thera proceeded to town by the express train—he had re' ceived a blow on the temple ; the other walked away from the place of accident, and our informant did not see him. An empty horse-box was shattered, and one first class carriage had a panel broken. Neither engine received any injury of importance, and one of them pro' seeded with the train. Neither of the enginemen nor other servants of the company were at all injured. The accident took place at the point of junction of the male line with the Kemer branch, the down-train from Lon' don at seven, A.M., and the up Hastings at twenty int nutes past seven, A.M., having come into collision. strict inquiry will be made into the matter, and it is id' dispensable such should be the case. Dr. Nichol, the Professor of Astronomy to the University of Glasgow, was entertained at dinner at the Tontine Hotel, Glasgow, on Thursday, by a numerous party of friends. Mr. J. Leadbeater occupied the chair. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—THE GREAT POPULARITY or HOLLOWAY'S OINTMENT AND PILLS IN THE WEST ll' DIES IN THE CURE OF ALL SKIN DISEASES.—A voting gentleman, residing in St. Kitt's, was afflicted with st, most distressing s ki n di sease, termed " the Shingles. " He had the best medical advice that could be obtained le the island, but finding that he derived no benefit Irons their treatment, he determined on having recourse to Holloway's Ointment and Pills, which had a most grad' lying effect, for in a very limited period these invaluable remedies completely cured him. Mr. T. C. Cable, of St. Kitt's, vouches for the accuracy of this statement —Sold by all druggists, and at Professor Holloway's establish' went, 244, Strand, London. MIRTRB. On the 3d inst., at West Cowes, the lady of C. R. Ai. Jackson, Esq , barrister-at-law, of a son. of On the 4th in s t., at Hi g h ga t e, M rs. J. S. Scriroge oll4 a son. On the sth inst., in Mansfield-street, Cavendish-square, Mrs. William Bodkin, of a son. time On Ktheppel e 6th inv., at L ee k, Stafford, the lady of J o hn Moro r , On the 7th i nst Esq., of a girl. at North-villa, Regent's-park, the lady of Colonel Miles, of a daughter. On the ith inst., at Paradise-row, Stoke Newington, MO' John Barnett, of a son. On the 7th inst., at Compton-terrace, Islington, the wife of Mr. James G. Winn, of a son. On the Bth inst., at Lee, the wife of S. H. de Zoete, Esq., of a boy. On joh theoL Lindsay y Lfo inst., a a w t Cambridge-street, of a n b esq., -s tr e s e o t, !Ty de-park, the Wife of MARRIED. On the 2d inst., at St. Mary, Blandford, Alfred Baker, Esq. , of her Majesty's Customs, Southampton, to Mary EmilY eldest daughter of W. Wiseman, Esq., of the former place. On the oth inst.. at Blockley, Worcestershire, W. V. Beadle, Esq., M.D., of Tewkesbury, Gloucester, to Caroline Matilda, only daughter of Edward Banbury, Esq. DIED. On Saturday, the 9th inst., at Colkeik, Norfolk, at an ad vanced age, Ann, widow of the late Rev. Ralph Tatham, of Bishopton, in the county of Durham. On the 7th instant, at Pasture House, Cumberland, aged 73 veers, William Coulthart, Esq., of Coulthart, in the count,' of Wigtown, and of Collyn, in the county of Dumfries, father of Mr. John Ross Coulthart, of Croft House, Ashton-under" Lyne, Lancashire. On the 2d inst., at Rokeby Hall, D un l eer , I re l an d, Sir Richard Robinson, Bart. On the 4th inst. in George-street, Hanover-square, Cora' mender Charles Bombard Harvey, RN., aged 63. On the sth inst., in Bloomsbury -square, Miss Claughton. On the sth inst., in Grove-lane, Camberwell, Mr. Henry Bell, aged 55. On the sth inst., at Kingsthorne House, Northampton shire, Susannah, daughter of the late T. Boddington, Esq. On the sth inst., at Methven Castle, Perthshire, Robert Smythe, Esq., of Methven. London : Printed and Published by MUILDO YOUNG, of No. II?: St: and, Printer, a t Th e S un Office, - No. 112, Strand, In the PreclWw 01 the Savoy. is tin County of Xiddlova'crudity, Ootobof 1847. -